'th^m- Pfy'fSw' T-> '.■?.rt* '■ ■■', 1-: ,v." UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES ..1 .^v .'(--^J^ fv. nN /-M — ,/- \ r^ \. ^is^^ ■~^ ^(k<^ THE STORY OF MANITOBA BIOGRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATED VOLUME II WINNIPEG VANCOUVER MONTREAL THE S. J. CLARKE PUBLISHING COMPANY 1913 ■ f^U ■ m^M^i^ ^^^^^^^^^ ^^H^ W^ ^^^^1 w. l^(i^ J ^^^^^ta .Sli; Wll.I.lA.M WIIVIK \Oic'-t BIOGRAPHICAL SIR WILLIAM WHYTE. Not by leaps and bounds but by steady profession did Sir William Whyte reach a i)ositiou that classed him as "almost without a peer among railway men." His career is another illustration of the fact that there is no success in life without effort. The purjjose of life is to afford opportunities for physical, mental and spiritual development. In America these opportunities are afforded in turn to every one who is willing to embrace them but they slip away from the sluggard and tauntingly play before the dreamer. They sur- render, however, to the individual with high purpose, undaunted courage and indefatigable determination and thus it is that Sir William Whj-te woi-ked his way upward from the position of station agent to the vice presidency of the Canadian Pacific Railway Compan.y, in which he continued until 1911, when he resigned, iloreover, through the stress and strife of life he ever held to the high standards that have made him ''the most esteemed man of Winnipeg," for such he has been frequently termed. He was born in Charlestown, Scot- land, September 15, 1843, a son of William and Christina (Methven) Whyte, the former for man.y years a coal merchant of Charlestown. In the public schools of that city the son pursued his education to the age of seventeen years, at which time he secured a position as junior clerk in the office of the factor of Lord Elgin's estate, remaining in that connection for two years. He made his initial step in railway circles when, in May, 1862, he secured the position of station agent on the West of Fife Railway, acting in that capacity for a year, or until 1863, when the opportunities of the new- world attracted him and he came to Canada. For twenty years thereafter he was connected with the Grand Trunk Railway, his ability and fidelity winning him promotion through intermediate positions from that of brakeman to that of superintend- ent. No iiifiueiice favored him and it was upon the merit system that he won his jtroiiiotions. In April, 1882, he resigned the superintendency of the Grand Ti-unk Kaihvay to become general superintendent of the Credit Valley Rail- way, which in 1883 became a portion of the Ontario & Quebec division of the Canadian Pacific Railway. He was then made general superintendent of that division, which embraced all lines west of Smith Falls, and in May. 1885, the eastern division, extending from Smith Falls to Quebec, was added to his jurisdiction. In 1886 he was made general superintendent of the western division, with head(|uarters at Winnipeg, and in 1896 was advanced to the position of general manager of all lines and branches from Lake Superior to the Pacific coast. He took a further forward step when, in 1901, he became assistant to the president, at which time he was relieved of all duties save that of looking after the (>xtension of the system in the west. With that object in view he made a trip through Russia over the nearly completed Trans-Siberian Railway and upon returning to Canada pointed out in explicit manner how Canadian trade with Russia might be extended. In 1904 he was made second vice president of the Canadian Pacific Railway, with complete charge of all affairs of the company between Lake Superior and the Pacific ocean. In 1910 he became vice president and continued as the second officer of the Canadian Pacific Railway until 1911, when he resigned. For years in the U)L30V 6 THE STORY OF MANITOBA different counectious lie had devoted his energies to administrative direction and executive control, studying every phase of the railway situation which would promote the interests of the corporation by giviiiir imi)roved service to its patrons or extend its lines. The intricate and conii)l('X problems of railway management came in time to be of easy solution to him and he was acknowl- edged a peer of the foremost railway men of America. In 1871) Sir William Wliyte nuirried Miss Jane Scott, a daughter of Adam Scott, of Toronto, and to tliem have been born five children: Margaret, the wife of J. F. Fisher, of Winnipeg; Christian, who married J. A. Hunter, of ]\rinneapolis: Edith, who became the wife of C. S. Meek, of Vancouver, British Cohunbia ; William, residing in Winnipeg, who married Miss Marguerite Blair, a daughter of Wallace Blair, of this city, and has a daughter, ;\largaret; and Gladys, at home. The famil.y attend the Presbyterian church, in which Sir William Wh.vte holds memliership, and he is now a trustee of Knox church. Fraternally he is connected with the ^Masons and is a past master of Assiniboiue lodge. That he is interested in the cause of education is indicated l)y his service as chairman of the board of Manitoba College. He is prominently known in club cii-cles, being a member of the Manitoba and St. Charles Clubs of Winnipeg, the Vancouver Club of Vancouver, the Union Club of Victoria, the St. James Club of Montreal and the York and ililitary Clubs of Toronto. Although notable success and prominence have come to him, he has ever been llie same genial, approachable gentleman that he was at the outset of his career. The fact that he has been termed "everybody's friend" speaks volumes for his genial nature and the universality of his friendship indicates the breadth of his intellect. J. R. TURNBULL. The history of J. R. Turnbull is that of a man who worked his way upward by reason of the persistency of his purpose, the force of his character and the Titilization of his oppoi-tunities. While he entered the employ of the Canadian Pacific Railroad in a minor capacity, the recognition of his merit won him advancement until he was placed in charge of the building of the stations along this line and was accounted one of the most capalile and trustworthy repre- sentatives of the road when death called him on the 29th of June, 1904. He was born in Perth, Ontario, in 1864, and was therefore about forty years of age at the time of his demise. His father, Henry Turnbull, was a tailor by trade and after following that jnirsuit in Ontario for a number of years made his way westward to Manitoba. His death occurred in Rathwell, in this province, and his wife still survives. J. R, Turnbull, one of a family of six children, spent his youthful days under the parental roof and acquired a public-school education. He was married in 1890 to Miss ^Margaret Buchanan, of Kempvillc, Ontario, and as the yeare passed the family circle was increased to include four children, Helen C, William A., Ethel AI. and Allen Buchanau. About the time of his marriage Mr. Turnbull came to Winnipeg to estalilish his home. He had previously been in this city as representative of the Canadian Pacific Railroad and for a year he had acted as a.ssistant manager under il. J. Ilaney, of the Crows Nest Pass Railway. He served as engineer of the Canadian Pacific under chief engineer D. A. Stewart, aiding in the construction work in different places and the laying out of the roads. Later he turned his attention to the contracting business and had charge of the building of stations and bridges along the railroad and also of other buildings. P'aeh forward step in his career brought him a broader outlook and wider opportunities and he recognized the fact that his prosperity would increase with his usefulness, so that earnest endeavor and "rowing capability brought him to a creditable place as a representative of THE STORY OF MANITOBA 7 industrial interests. He led a very active aud useful life and at all times was a man highly respected by those with whom he w-as associated. His political allegiance was given to the liberal party and his religious belief was that of the I'rcsbyterian church. The greater part of his life was passed in Manitoba and he contributed in no small measure to the work of general development and progress in this province. The family residence has since 1903 been at 115 Mayfair avenue, where the widow and family now make their home. L. M. MOORE, M. D. The profession of medicine has no more able aud thoroughly progressive representative in Brandon than Dr. L. M. Moore, who has been engaged in its practice in the city since 1882, being the oldest practitioner of the community in years of service. He was born in Nottawasaga. Ontario, March 19, 1848, and is a son of John and ]Mary (IMurray) Moore. The father was a farmer in Ontario and died in 1854. His wife survived him until 1883, dying when she was eighty-seven years of age. She is buried in Nottawasaga. In their family were nine children: Janet, the widow of David Richmond, of Collingwood; James, who died April 13, 1912, at the age of eighty-three; John, who is retired and is residing at St. Catharine, Ontario; Daniel, who died in February, 1912, and is buried at Guelph, Ontario; Bethea, the wife of James Nesbit, of Cree- more; William, whose home is at Portland, Jlichigan ; Henry, who has pa.ssed away and is buried at Clarkrsburg, Ontario : L. il.. of this review ; and Mary, who died in 1884 and is buried near Duntroon. Ontario. Dr. Jloore received his primarv education at Duntroon and after he laid aside his books at the age of seventeen, spent four years teaching school. Hav- ing early determined to devote his life to the practice of medicine, he entered X'ictoria College at Toronto but completed his medical course at Trinity College, in the sanu^ city, from which he was graduated in 1872 with the degree of M. D. In recognition of his able work he received the first gold medal ever given by that institution. Immediatel.v afterward he located for practice at Thorn- bury, Ontai'io, and there remained until he came to Brandon, where he has been prac't icing for thirty years. From the very beginning his ability commended liim and gradually brought him numbers of patients, so that his practice rapidl.v expanded to gratifying proportions. Dr. Moore proved very successful in its conduct and was soon regarded as one of the most able physicians in the city. He has a well equipped otfice supplied with the newest devices, so that his work never sutlers from inadefiuate apparatus. By wide and constant reading he keeps in touch with the most advanced thought of the profession, and he has al.so the advantage of close contact with many of its most eminent rejiresenta- tives as he is a member of the Canadian and Manitoba ^ledical Associations, vice president of the Brandon ^ledical Association, and served for a niuiiber of years as president of the Nortlnvcstern Medical Association. At Thorid)ury. Ontario, April 3, 187!», Dr. Moore was united in marriage to Miss Rachel Ellison, a daughter of ilr. and Mrs. William Ellison, and to this union have been born eight children : Pearl Palmer, a teacher iu the Cen- tral school of Brandon; Effie Georgina, a student in a bu.siness college; Clarence M., who is acting as clerk in the Bank of Conuuerce at Moose Jaw, Saskatche- wan; Aubrey V.. who is attending the Collegialc Institute; and four, who died in early life. The family are members of the l'rcsl)ytt'rian church. Dr. JMoore is a conservative in his jiolitical views but has never been active as an onice seeker. Fraternally he is a member of the Masonic order and is very prominent in the lnd(>pendent Order of Odd l-'cllows. being a past grand mast(»r and a past grand representative. He shows his business ability in the \va,\ be has invested the comfortable income which his labors have brought him. lie is extensively interested in fai'iii lands in the i)rovince and has also large 8 THE STORY OF MANITOBA holdings of city property. His attainments iu medicine during the forty years of his practice are the liest proof of his ability. Beside his splendid training, made etfective by long experience, he has all the other requisites lor success as a physician — coolnes.s of .iudgiiu-nt, conscientiousness, a high sense of responsibility and an active humauitarianism, and these qualities are the real secret of his popularity and prominence. J. A. M. AIKIXS, M. P. "With the statesman's grasp of affairs J. A. M. Aikins, M. P., has studied the vital public questions and no man outside of political circles has perhaps had greater influence ui^on molding public opinion. His activities have reached out along all those lines which touch the general interests of society and have ever been a strong and forceful element for progress and improvement. "While he is prominent in the legal profession and makes the practice of law his real life work, his name also carries weight in financial circles and thus his life history has become an integral part in the annals of Manitoba. James Albert ]\Ianning Aikins was born in the county of Peel, on the 10th of December, 1851, his parents being Hon. James Cox and Mary Elizabeth (Somerset) Aikins. After pursuing his early education in Richview and the Brampton grammar school he became a pupil in the Upper Canada College and still later entered Toronto University, from which he was graduated with the class of 1875. With the desire to enter the legal profession, he became a student in the law oifiee of Hon. Mathew Crooks Cameron and later continued his read- ing under the direction of the law firm of Mowat, McClennan & Downey iu Toronto. In 1878 he visited Winnipeg and upon his retui-n to Ontario in November of that year was called to the bar. Again he came to Winnipeg in February, 1879, and has since engaged in practice in this city, rapidly winning his way to the front in a profession where advancement is provorliially slow. He soon became the solicitor and counsel for many leading interests of the province. He was thus connected with the Canadian Pacific P^ailway in western Canada until August, 1911, when he resigned to contest the Brandon con- stituency for the house of commons, which he did successfully. He is now counsel for the Great West Life Assurance Company, the Dominion Express Company, the Imperial Bank, the Bank of Ottawa, the Canadian Fire Insurance Company, the Northern Trust Company and others. His knowledge of tlie law is comprehensive and exact, his preparation of cases thorough and pains- taking and his presentation forceful and convincing. Few men are so careful to conform their practice to a high standard of professional ethics as he, and Manitoba numbers him among her most distinguished representatives of the legal profession. Aside from this he is a director of the Northern Trust Com- pany and the Canadian Fire Insurance Company, while of the General Assets & Agency Company, of Winnipeg, he is president. He has always been greatly interested in the growth and development of Winnipeg and is an extensive owner of high-class business property in that city, including the Somerset block, named for his mother. This structure was the pioneer reinforced concrete building in western Canada. His public service has largely been in the path of his profession, for he has never sought nor desired the honors and emoluments of political office, yet a spirit of loyal and progressive citizenship has prompted him to put forth earnest and effective effort to promote the welfare of the province along legal lines. From 1879 until 1896 he acted as counsel for the department of justice and in 1880 was appointed by the Dominion government one of the royal commissioners to investigate and report on tlie administration of .justice in the northwest territories. In 1900. under the administration of Hugh John \Macdonalds, he served as counsel for the government of Manitoba, during which period he JAMES A. M. AIKINS THE STORY OF MANITOBA 11 drafted the Manitoba liquor act, whicii, upon appeal to the privy council of Grreat Britain, was declared constitutioual. lu November, 1884, he was appointed a queen's counsel, a bencher of the Manitoba Law Society, and has served as its secretary, treasurer and president. Mr. Aikins was made chairman of the royal commission on the University of Manitoba. lu 1912 he was appointed by the Dominion government to represent Canada at the Second International Moral Education Congress held at The Hague in August of that year. Into other fields his labors have also been extended with the result that various interests have profited by his cooperation and that progress has been conserved through his efforts. He was the first president of the Young ilen's Chi-istian Association of Winnipeg, filling the office from 1879 until 1882. He has been chairman of the board of Wesley Arts College, and honorary bursar of Manitoba University since 1884, while since 1882 he has been a member of its council. His standing among members of the profession is indicated in the fact that he has been honored with the presidency of the Manitoba Bar Asso- ciation, in which capacity he is now serving. He holds membership in the Manitoba Club, the Brandon Club and the Rideau Club of Ottawa, and attrac- tive social qualities liave rendered him popular in these different organizations. He has always taken an active interest in military affairs and is now honorary lieutenant colonel of the Ninetieth Regiment of Rifles of Winnipeg and honorary colonel of the Ninety-ninth Manitoba Rangers. Mr. Aikins has a sou, Gordon Harold, a gi-aduate of the Manitoba University and a member of the Manitoba bar, practicing law as a partner in the firm of Aikins, Loftis & Aikins. His daughters are Helen and Elizabeth, both at home. Mr. Aikins holds membership in the ilethodist church and indorses all the movements which are looking to the uplift of hunumity. He was appointed by the general conference of the ilethodist church as its lay delegate to the ciuadreunial conference of the Methodist church of the United States which convened at Minneapolis in ^lay, 1912. Of the Archaelogical Society of Winni- peg he is the president. He is a man of action rather than of theory and his cooperation in any movement indicates a firm belief in its possibility for the accoinplishiiient of practical results. Shooting and golf furnish him recreation, maintaining an even balance with his active professional duties and public service. He is a man of strong individuality and marked force of character and withal is genial, courteous and kindly. He draws men to him with attrac- tive social qualities and his al)ilities well fit liim for the position of leadei'ship which he has occupied in various connections. HUGH ROSS. While laudabli" ambition, energy iuul uurallcriiii;' inilustry brought Hugh Ross to a ])r()min('nt position in liusiness cii'cles of Winnipeg as a contractor, builder and valuator of real estate, it was the intense honesty, the high prin- ciples and the noble i)uri)os(' of the man that has made the memory of his frienilship a most cherished possession to all who knew him. His life was indeed at all times actuated by high purposes that had their root in a sincere and abiding Christian faith. He was born at Sunnybrae, Picton county, Nova Scotia. October 21, 1856, and about 1S80 became a resident of Winnipeg. Prior to that time he had resided in Exeter. Ontnrio. and for a brief period in Chicago. Two of liis brothers, Duiu'an J. and Neil Ross, are still contractors of Winnipeg, wlici-e Hugh Ross made a most envialile i-eputation and liecame widely known. A lihcral patronage was accorded him and his work was of a most important character. He was familiar with all the in-inciples of buihling as well as the practical pliases of the work and added to that he was most honest and conscientious in even the smallest details of the l)usiness. He was never known to take advantage of the necessities of anotiier in the slightest 12 THE STORY OF MANITOBA detail and his name beoaiue a synonym among- tliose who knew him I'or business integrity and trustworthiness. He was made the valuator for the Permanent Mortgage & Trusts Company, in which position his clearness of judgment and scrupulous carefulness made him an exceedingly valuable official. In 1882 Mr. Koss was married in Emerson, ]Manitoba. to ^liss Elizabeth Johns, a native of Exeter, Ontario, and they became the parents of two sons, David J. and Harold II. Mr. Koss was devoted to the welfare of his family, linding his greatest happiness in promoting their interests and regarded no personal sacrifice on his part too great if it would enhance their welfare. He was liberal in polities and a public-spirited man whose cooperation could be counted upon to further any measure or movement for the general good. He had great faith in the city and sought to promote its interests along all practical and i)rogressive lines. Death called him in November, 1894. He passed away in the faith of St. Andrew's church of which he had long been a consistent and earnest mem1)er. In fact he was very enthusiastic in his church work and for many years served as one of its elders. Six years prior to his dennse he removed to Fort Rouge, where he became a member of Augustine church. Again he took up an active interest in the various departments of its work and for some years was Sunday school superintendent, while at the time of his death he was an elder and chairman of the managing board. His loving and charitable spirit made his counsel exceedingly valuable and forceful in the session. His life was fraught with kindly actions and in a review of his record one is reminded of the words of the philosopher: "It is not from the few conspicuous deeds of life that blessings chiefly come which make the world brighter, better, happier, but from the countless little ministries of the everydays, the little faithfulnesses that fill long years." "Sir. Ross erected the residence where he was living at the time of his death, at 146 Mayfair street, in 18!)1. and there his widow yet resides. ROBERT DARRACH. During the twenty-nine years that Robert Darraeh has lived in Brandon he has been closely associated with the business progress of the city and for some time with the agricultural development of the district. Moreover, being a man of wide and forceful interests, he has become identified with many move- ments of a more or less public character, chiefly along religious and educational lines, and as the result of his varied activities has won a place of prominence and esteem in the community. On June 12, 1893, he was appointed clerk of the county court, surrogate court and deputy clerk of crown and pleas of the western judicial district and has done able and effective work since that time, but resigned the county court clerkship about two years ago. The results he has accomplished during his nineteen years' service is the best proof of his eapaliilities. He was born near the city of St. Thomas, in Elgin county, Ontario. January 8. 1855. and is a son of Neal and Mary (Mitchell) Darraeh. The father was a native of Scotland and for some time followed his trade of carriage maki-r in Ayrshire, going to Ontario in 1835. He died in Mount Bridgets, ^Middlesex county, in that province, in 1866 and was survived by his wife until January 18, 1912. She is buried at St. Thomas, in Elgin county. Robert Darraeh attended the public schools of his native city and laid aside his hooks at the age of seventeen, becoming identified at this time with the general merchandise business. Later he built up a successful patronage as a contractor and builder, operating throughout Ontario. "When he abandoned this occupation he came west, settling in Winnipeg, where for one year he was successful in the implement business. In 1883 he came to Brandon and con- tinued in that line of occupation for five years. Eventually, however, he became interested in agricultural pursuits and farmed in the Brandon district for THE STORY OF MANITOBA 13 some time, returuing- to Braiidou in order to engage iu the eoiiduet of a grain elevator. On June 12, 1893, he was appointed clerk of the courts of the western judicial district and his record iu office since that time stands as the most con- clusive evidence of his integrity and ability. Although he gives ample time and attention to the discharge of his official duties he yet has important outside interests. For fourteen years he has served as one of the board of directors of Brandon College and he has lieeu on the hospital board for twenty years and has been identified with interests of the Young ]\Ieu's Christian Association during tlie past ten years. His membership is an evidence of his close sympathy with the principles and aims of that organization. On December IS, 1879, Mr. Darracli was united iu marriage at St. Thomas to ]\Iiss Seressa Thompson, a daughter of Ira V. Thompson, and they became the parents of four children, one of whom died in infancy. Another daughter, Katherine II., passed away in August, 1910. Those who survive are: ^larian ]M., the wife of Kupert E. AVilson, of Regina ; and Alexander Vincent, who is studying law in Winnipeg. Tiie family are members of the Baptist church. Mr. Darracli is a niemlier of the Canadian Order of Foresters. A long period of residence in Brandon has firmly established him among the representative and valued men of the city. His work as a public official has been distinguished by a conscientious performance of his duties, a freedom from all partiality and self-.seeking. and has been ably supplemented by his activities along l)road lines of education, religion and charity. I. A. ROBINSON. I. A. Robinson conducts a real-estate and loan business and a fire and life insurance agency at 739 Rosser avenue, in the Bank of Hamilton chambers, and also acts as financial agent for a number of investors. He has built up a business of gratifying proportions since locating in Brandon and has gained a knowledge of tlie values of city realty and western farm land which stands him in good stead in his business. He was born at Blenheim. Kent county, Ontario, on June C. ISdO. and is a son of Henry and Julia A. Robinson. The father was for many years engaged in the banking business at Blenheim and en.ioyed a high reputation in the connuunity. The family is of English ancestry and has been located on this side of the Atlantic since 1832. At the age of eighty-seven years the father pa.ssed away, in 1909, and is buried at Blenheim. He left a widow and a family of three children : Albert E., of Blenheim ; George, of Argentina, South America ; and I. A., our sub.iect. The last named received his primary education at Blenheim and attended high school and a London private school, which he left at the age of eighteen years. He then was employed for one year at a bank in Leamington. Ontario, which wa.s owned by his fallier. He subsi'(|Uently was emidoyed in various jjositions in banks throughout Ontario and Manifolia, to whicli hittei' jirovince he first came in 1890. His knowledge of fiiunicial affairs stood him in good stead when, in 1899, he oi'ganized the Empire Brewing Company, Ltd., and for si.K years iiad charge of tiiis business as numaging director. He severed his connection with this company in 1906 and opened a real-estate and financial agency, in wiiieh business lie has been engaged ever since. He lias met with most remarkable success in this undei'taking nnd his patronage lias marvelousl.v increased. His wide knowledge has been gained by a clear, logical mind and there is hardly a man engaged in this line of liusiness who has the information at hand that ;\Ir. Koiiiiisou has made his own. His advice is often souglit by people who desire to make investments in this locality and in this way he has been instrumental in Itiinging capital to liiis city and section. He might truly be called one of the promoters of Brandon's prosperity, as he is imbued with 14 THE STORY OF MANITOBA au unshakable faith in the future of this city aud thure eau be found no man who may be called a booster of the town in a truer sense of the word. Mr. Rol)iusou was married at Brandon, May 15, 1907, to Miss iMabel Evans, the eldest daugliter of ex-Mayor Evans. Mr. Kobinson had been married before to Miss Maude Awty. the third daughter of the late Foljambe Awty, of Royston House, IMitehell. Outario. The first ilrs. Robiuson passed away in 1900 and is burietl in ^litchell. She left two sons, Harry aud Edwin. IMr. and IMrs. Rob- inson nudve tlieir home at the Villa Louise, where they extend a warm welcome to all their fi-iends. In his politii'al views he is .stauchly conservative aud his faith is that of the Church of England. He is a member of the Brandon Club and was one of its founders and is a charter member of this organization. His public-spiritedness is evidenced by the fact that he serves on the executive com- mittee of the Publicity Bureau of Brandon and holds a life governorship in the Brandon General Hospital. He is also a fellow of the Royal Colonial Insti- tute, being houorary corresponding secretary for the district. There is no man who is more deeply interested or luore closely connected with the progress aud expansion of this city, and the coming of I. A. Robinson has, indeed, been of great value to Brandon, his active and eft'ective lalior along lines of i)romo- tion being a valuable asset iu the community's growth. HON. COLIX IXKSTER. Incumbent in important public offices for many years, the record of the Hon. Colin Inkster is one which reflects credit aud honor upon his constitueuts and indicates his spirit of loj^alty and devotion to the general welfare. He is now acting as sheriff of the eastern judicial district of Manitoba aud makes his home in Winnipeg. He was born August 3, 18-43, on that historic spot where occurred the battle of Seven Oaks in 1816, adjoining the northern limits of the city. There today stands a limestone monument erected by the his- torical society in 1891, to mark the site of the massacre of the Red River settlers. Colin Inkster is of Scotch lineage iu both the paternal and maternal lines. His grandfathers were natives of Orkney, Scotlaud. and came to the Red River settlement with Lord Selkirk early in the nineteenth century. It was here that John Inkster and ^Mary Sinclair were married. The father was a man of marked strength of character and of considerable influence in the com- munity. He followed the occupation of farming in early life and afterward turned his attention to merchandising. In 1857 he was called to public office by appointment as a member of the council of Assiniboia, in which position he was retained until the transfer of the colony to the Dominion government in 1870. His death occurred four years later. "With the establishment of the family home at Winnipeg, Colin Inkster enjoyed the advantages offered by St. John's parochial school of this city. When not busy with his text-books he worked on his father's farm and his early manhood was devoted to general agricultural pursuits. It is characteristic of him that he does with thoroughness auything that he undertakes and the same substantial quality has been manifest in his official career. He was first called to office as one of the first legislative councillors of Manitoba, continuing in that position from 1871 until 1876 or throughout the existence of the council. He served as speaker and had the casting vote to abolish it. In 1874 he was made minister of agriciilture and was president of the council uutil 1876, when he was appointed high sheriff of the province of ^Manitoba. The growth in population led to the division of the province into three districts in 1881, at which time he was retained as sheriff of the eastern judicial district. For thirty-seven years therefore he has continued in this position — a record that stands in incontrovertible proof of his ability and fidelity. His duties are COLIN INKSTKR THE STORY OF MANITOBA 17 discharged fearlessly and faithfully and with a high sense of honor in all that pertain;? to the public welfare. On the 16th of JIarch, 1871, ilr. Inkster was married to I\Iiss Annie Tait, a daughter of William Tait, also a native of Orkney', and the.y have five children. They hold to the Episcopal faith and Mr. Inkster is a member of the Masonic fraternity. He is held iu high esteem wherever known and most of all where, he is best known, for his record will bear the light of close investi- gation and scrutiny. HON. J. H. AGNEW. Another name was added to the list of Manitoba's honored dead when the Hon. J. H. Agnew passed away November 9, 1908. He had left the impress of his character and ability upon the legislative history of the province as well as upon its financial records, his efforts being a potent force in placing the financial affairs of Manitoba upon a sound basis. In private life, among his friends, he displayed most attractive social qualities and the news of his passing brought a sen.se of personal bereavement to many a household. Ontario claimed hira as a native .son. his birth having occurred at "Whitby, October 18, 1863. His education was acquired in the schools of Toronto and as a student iu the Upper Canada College. His father. Dr. Agnew, had come to Manitoba with his family in 1879. settling in Winnipeg, where he engaged in the practice of his profession for many years. The son also turned to professional pursuits and, entering upon the study of law, was articled in the oliSce of J. A. il. Aikius, K. C. He passed his final examuaation before he was twenty-one and had to wait until he had attained his majority before being called to the bar in 1884. In 1886 he removed to Virden, where he practiced successfully for many years. It is the tlu'ory of tlie law that the counsel who practice here are to aid the court in the administration of justice, and no member of the profession at Virden has been more careful to conform his practice to a high standard of professional ethics than I\Ir. Agnew. He never sought to lead the court astray in a matter of fact or law and would not endeavor to withhold from it a knowl- edge of any fact appearing in the record. He treated the court with the studied courtesy which is its due and indulged in no malicious criticism' because it arrived at a conclusion, in the decision of a case, different from that which he lioped to hear. He gave to his client the service of gi-eat talent, unwearied industrj' and rare learning; but his ]irofessional activities did not exclude his active particijjation in public affairs, for from the time of his arrival in Virden he identified himself with every interest relating to the progress and upbuilding of the town and district. He served for two terms as councillor and became particularly interested in the cause of public education, acting for ten years as school trustee and also as secretary and treasurer for the Virden district. No school was better managed or equipped and it was largely through his efforts that the Virden school came to be regarded as a model in the ]iroviuce. In 1903, upon the resignation of James Simpson, the conservative uiember from Virden, 'Mr. Agnew, was elected to his seat. At the first .session he moved the address in re])ly to the speech from the throne and by his eloquence and learn- ing made a strong im]>ression on the house. His abilit.v was at once recognized and he became an influential member. He was appointed chairman of the law amendment committee and his fairness and ability, displayed in the discharge of his duties, won him uniform praise from both sides. On the 4th of ]\rarch, 1904, he was ap|iointed provincial trea.surer to succeed the late Hon. J. A. Davidson and tlie a]>iMiintment met witli wide approval, and in that year he moved to Winnijieg, Ills one term's service in the legislature was sulfiricut to indicate liis qualifications for other official honors, and the sound judgment which the premier displayed in selecting him as a colleague in the ministry 18 THE STORY OF MANITOBA and plaeintr him in charge of such an important department as that of finance was soon denionstralett. It was largely through his wise adniinistration and carefnl handling of tiie in'ovineial iinanees tiiat the de|>artiiu'nt was plaeed upon a sound and sul)stantial liasis. The business of the depai'liiient was care- fully systematized and involved problems correctly solved. Mr. Agiiew was accounted one of the most po|)ular and highly respected membci'S of the house. His business acumen, his jn-nbity and his thorough reliability, as- well as his understanding of the specific duties of his position, made him an ideal provincial treasurer. His annual budget speeches were always models of their kind. He made a study of hail insurance and his speech in introducing the hail insurance bill before the house January 22, 1908, was one of the ablest of its kind ever heard in the assembly'. Mr. Agnew was married in Winnipeg, in lSiS8. to ]\Iiss Anna ^I. Dickson, a daughter of Robert and Louise (L'nsworth) Dickson, of Ontario, and to them were boru four children: Anna Stella, Loinse M., Cecil Hume and Laura i\L The home life was most attractive in all its phases, Mr. Aguew counting no personal effort or sacriiice on his part too great if it promoted the happiness and welfare of wife and children. He w-as a prominent member in All Saints chtirch and held various ofhces in the denomination and while residing in \'ii'den was active and prominent in the affairs of St. ^Mary's church, acting as warden for some years. His broad reading and culture were retiected in his life and speeches and his genial manner made him a favorite in different social organizations. He was a member of the Upper Canada College OUl Boys Asso- ciation of Winnipeg and at one time was its vice president. He also held mem- bership in the ilanitoba and Carleton Clults. At the comparatively early age of forty-five years he was called from this life, but within that span he had made valuable contribution to the world's work, neglecting no duty public or private and so utilizing his talents in his profession and in provincial service that the public was at all times either a direct or an indirect beneficiary. The family reside in Winnipeg. DAVID MERRITT DUNCAN, M. A. David Merritt Duncan, educator and author, now assistant superintendent of schools at Winnipeg, was born in Chicago, Illinois, January 7, 1870. His parents, James Burns and Annie (Bortliwick) Duncan, were natives of Scot- land and after reaching maturity came to Canada, where they were married. The father devoted his whole life to ministerial work in connection with the Presbyterian church and throughotit the period of his residence in America, save for two years spent in Chicago, Illinois, engaged in preaching in Ontario. His longest pastorate was at Perth, in the county of Lanark, where the family home was permanently located. The mother, however, died at Lindsay in 1900 and the father passed away at Stouft'ville in 19U7. David M. Duncan was a student in the Gait Collegiate Institute and in Toronto University, graduating with honors from the latter in 1894 on the completion of the classical course. In 1895 he attended the School of Pedagogy and during his university course taught for si.\ months in Upper Canada Col- lege, at Toronto, and also for a year in Mrs. Neville's Boarding School, at Toronto. During his final year in college at Toronto he was captain of the university football team and while in the Central Collegiate Institute in Winni- peg he was president of the intercollegiate football association on two occa- sions. In 1895, shortly after the completion of his course in pedagogy, he was appointed to the classical mastership in the Winnipeg Central Collegiate Insti- tute and occupied that position until 1908, when he was appointed registrar of the University of Manitoba. In 1910 he retired from that position and again took tip the active work of teaching in connection with the La Verendrye THE STORY OF MANITOBA 19 Collegiate Institute, at Winnipeg. In 11)11 he was appointed principal of the new Kelvin Teclinieal high school, and in September, 1912, was made assistant superintendent of the AVinuipeg schools by appointment of the public-school board. He has been a representative of the graduates on the council of the Univcrsitj' of Manitoba since 1908 and also on the board of studies. His advancement in the educational field has l)eeu continuous, bringing him into important and lu'omiuent relations, and his efforts in ilanitoba have been effective and influential forces in raising the educational standards of this city. Mr. Duncan is not unknown as a writer, for he is the author of the Prairie Provinces, a historical work dealing with the liistory of the three provinces, ]\Ianil()l)a, Saskatchewan antl Alberta. He is also the author of the Story of the Canadian People, which is an authorized public-school text-book in Ontario. Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta. He is likewise the editor of a volume on the Prairie Provinces in the new cyclopedic history of Canada, entitled Canada and Its Provinces. In December, 1896, in Winnipeg, Mi". Duncan was married to Miss Jessie W. ilac\'icar. a daughter of George D. MacMcar, a pioneer resident of Winni- peg and an intinuite friend of (lovernor Schultz. with whom he was in prison during tlie Kiel rebellion. They have two children, Jean and ]\Iary. aged respectively thirteen and three years. Mr. Duncan has always recognized that recreation and lal)or must go hand in hand and has favored all manly athletic exercises and outdoor sports. As previously indicated he was prominent in football circles in his college days and during the first year of its existence he was president of the Amateur Lacrosse Association, of Winnipeg. He greatly enjoys canoeing and has always been a very enthusiastic tennis player. In politics he is independent. His religious faith is that of the Presbyterian denomination and he has been active in religious work as a member of the session of St. Stephen's church and as superintendent of tlie Suudav school for ten years. D. H. SCOTT. For thirty-nine years D. II. Scott, of the firm of D. H. Scott & Son, has been closely identified with l)usiness interests in various parts of Manitoba and has been connected with his present fire insurance, loan and real-estate business in Brandon since 1896. During this time liis integrity, ability and rapid suc- cess liave definitely establislied him among the men who are influencing com- mercial activity and have made liim res'pected and esteemed as an acute and discei'ning business man. He was born in Brampton, Peel county, Ontario, February 9, 1851, and is a son of John and IMary (Hunter) Scott. The father was a native of Ireland but left that country in 1828 and came to Ontario as a pioneer. He followed agricultural pursuits in Peel county from the time of his arrival until his death in 19(16, at the age of almost ninety-five. He had long survived liis wife, who died in 18")!). when she was tliirty-seven years of age. Tlie father of our subject is l)uried in Mi'adow Lea, Manitol)a. and the mother in the Scott cemetery, near Brain])t(iii, Ontario. 1). -IT. Scott left the Brami)lon higli sehool at the age of twenty and imme- diately began the study of telegi'aphy and .soon obtained a position as o])erator at Brampton. AVhen he abandoned this occui)ation he si)ent some time as deputy postmaster of his native city before coming to Manitol)a in 1873. He first settled at Meadow Lea, where he took uji a h.omestead which he di>veloped anil improved for twelve years, gaining wide recognition as an alile and pro- gressive farmer. However, in ISSn, he definitely abandoned agricultural \nir- suits and devoted himself to business as general agent for A. Harris Son & Comi>any. implement manufacturers, in whose interests he was active in Winni- peg until 18!)2. In tliat year he came to Branilon in order to beconu' manager 20 THE STORY OF MANITOBA of the Brandon Times, under J. I\I. Kobiuson, and lie did able work in this capacity until 1896, when he established himself in his pi'esent business, which has since grown under his able management to be one of the most prosperous concerns of its kind in the citj'. On May 24, 1876, Mr. Scott was united in marriage to Miss Annie J. Lipsett, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Kobert Lipsett, pioneers of Meadow Lea. Mr. and Mrs. Seott have ten children: John Frederick, who is engaged in the lire insurance, loan and real-estate business in Victoria, British Columbia ; Robert Wesley, who is practicing deutistry in Cassville, Wisconsin; Harry, who is associated with his father in business: William James, who is engaged with Vincent & McPherson, fui-niture dealers; Carrie M., a former student of St. Margaret's College of Toronto; Annie L., w4io is a stenogi-apher in her father's office; Mary E., a student at St. Mary's Academy, Winnipeg; Lily G., who is attending Brandon College; Josiah A., a student at the Brandon Collegiate Institute; and Reginald J., who is a pupil in the eighth grade of the Central school. The family are members of the Methodist church. Mr. Scott is a firm liberal, believing in the principles and policies for which that party stands. He is well known in fraternal circles, being a Master Mason and a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Ancient Order of United Workmen. During the twenty years of his residence in Brandon he has won definite success in a business and personal way, being widely recognized as one of the leading and representative citizens, wlio, by the force of his industry and merit, has attained a place of prominence in business circles of the city. JOHN WILLIAM DRISCOLL. John William Driscoll, a well known citizen of Winnipeg, was numbered among the enterprising men who have upbuilded in this western country a great commercial center, with ramifying trade interests reaching out into various sections of the country. Moreover, he was a factor in the moral progress of the community and his life was a high type of honorable manhood and citizen- ship. For thirty years he made his home in Manitoba and for almost six decades was a resident of Canada. He was born in Ireland, on the 5th of August, 1841, and when he w^as quite young his father died, after which he accompanied his mother to London, England. In the schools of that eit.v he pursued his education imtil he came to the new world with his mother, following his older brothers, who had previously settled in Canada. It was in 1853 that J. W. Driscoll arrived in the Dominion and after a brief period passed in London, Ontario, he removed to Kincai-dine, where he later engaged in the hardware business. Subsecjuently he became connected with the McClary Stove Works and when the company decided to open a branch factory in Winnipeg, in 1882, ;\Ir. Driscoll was chosen as the most capable man they knew to be given charge of the new enterprise. As manager of the business, therefore, he came to this city and remained in control until 1908, during w-hich period, covering more than a quarter of a century, he witnessed the development of the business until it became one of the leading productive industries of AVinnipeg. Its gi'owth and success were largelj' attributable to his keen discernment, his sound judg- ment and his unabating energj'. The last four years of his life were spent in honorable retirement, his rest being, indeed, well earned, as it came to him as the fitting crown of years of earnest labor. For an extended period he resided in the city and then removed to the suburb of Fort Rouge, where from 1897 he occupied a beautiful home on River avenue. He w'as a man of very domestic tastes, devoted to his family and their best interests. He was three times married, the first time in Ontario and the second time in Winnipeg. His widow- was in her maidenhood Miss Elizabeth Morrison, of THE STORY OF MANITOBA 21 Fargo, North Dakota, a daughter of Robert Morrison, a farmer who removed from Ontario to North Dakota iu 1879. It was at Casselton, that state, in 1'JOd, that she became the wife of J. W. DriscoU. His surviving children are: Rev. A. E. Driscoll, a Presbyterian minister of Grand Rapids, Michigan; J. W. Driscoll. a business man of Seattle, Washington; W. C. Driscoll, of the C. H. Enderton Company of "Winnipeg; H. A. Driscoll, of the R. Lawson Company of this city; Mrs. J. W. Fox, of Somenos, British Columbia; and Clara, who lives in this city. During the early years of his residence in Winnipeg ^Ir. Driscoll was a member of Knox church, iu which he served as elder, and at the time of his demise his membership was in the Augustine Presbyterian church. He was always an active and helpful worker iu the church, doing all in his power to promote its growth and extend its influence. He had just passed the seventy- tirst anniversary of his birth when, on the 6th of August, 1912, his death occurred. He was widely mourned among business colleagues and associates, among friends and acquaintances, for in him they recognized a citizen of lofty character, always loyal to high ideals. He held friendshiiD inviolable and tidelitj- in every relation of life was one of his salient characteristics. J. S. MAXWELL. Success in business, while not in itself a thing of particular merit, is honor- able and creditable by reason of the qualities which go into its making. It furnishes a standard of attainment by which to .iudge capabilities. In so far as a man is shrewd, keen, and far seeing, in so far as he is honest, upright and progressive, and in so far as he can coordinate, control, and manage — in the same degree will his bu.sine.ss prosper and his place in commercial circles be high and impoi'tant. Judged by the standards of success. J. S. Maxwell, man- ager of the Brandon branch of the Western Canada Flour Mills, Ltd., has made his activities useful and valuable in a personal and general way. He has built up a modern business institution from an unpretentious beginning, has been gradually carried forward into important relations with the commercial intei'ests of the community and has attained prominence based upon definite accomplishment. He was born at Wingham, Ontario, May 7, 1862, and is a son of Robert and Jane ]\Iaxwell, the former for many j'ears a building eon- tractor in Edinburgh, Scotland, who later followed the same occupation in Wingham, where he is at present residing. J. S. IMaxwell received his primarj' ediication in the public schools of his native section and was graduated fi'om the Collegiate Institute in 1879. His rapid success in the flour milling business is another example of the value of experience and specialization. Immediatel.y after laying aside his books he became identified with the Hutton, Price & Carr flour mills, serving first in a minor capacity and gaining comprehensive and accurate training in details by practical experience in every branch of the business. In three years he had worked his wa.v upward to a creditable position through successive stages of advancement and was fully equal to his duties when he was sent to Brandon to organize the local branch of the Western Canada Flour ^lills Company, Ltd. In partnership with Andrew Kelly, the president of the company, he started the concern in a small way and gi-adually built up in Brandon one of the important divisions of the main enterprise. The concern operated by the Western Canada Flour Mills Company, Ltd., is a fine type of modern industrial institution, conducted along progressive lines of expansion and dominated by some of the most acute business men in the country. The largest mill, located at St. Boniface, has a capacity of four thousand liarrels of flour a day and has a close competitor in the Goderich. Ontario, liranch, which mills twenty-seven hundred barrels daily. The Brandon branch has a very creditable record for 22 THE STORY OP MANITOBA a youni; institution, having a capaL-ity of seven liuiulrecl l>ai'rels ami at its head a man who is aggressive, alert, and enterpi-ising. The three mills grind forty thousand bushels of wiieat per day and about six hundred iieoi)le are employed in the various departments. Mr. Maxwell's position as head of a branch of one of the largest nulls in this part of the provinee is sufficient i)roof of the way in which he is regarded in commercial circles. Ilis success has not l)een at all a matter of chance but has come as a direct result of his energy, resourcefulness, and business daring. The opportunities which have come to him, his ability has commanded, and his use of them has made bim important and prominent in local business eii'cles. He is vice president of the Central Canada Insurance Company and is a director in the Canadian Guaranty Trust Company, and a director of the Brandon General Hospital and of the Brandon park board. He is also vice president of the local commercial bureau and well known on the Boai-d of Trade and is actively interested in the affairs of the Brandon Commercial Club. The ramifications of his interests extend outside of the provinee and he is a director in the Saskatchewan Insurance Company and in the Insurance Agency, Ltd. i\Ir. ilaxwell has been twice married. His first wife was .Miss Elizabeth Hanna, of Wingham, Ontario, who died in 1S97. In 1900 Mr. Jlaxwell mar- ried in Winnipeg. ]\Iiss Elsie Russell, a daughter of William and Helen Russell, of Brandon. l\Ir. Maxwell has six children: Adele, a former student of Westminster College, Toronto, who lives at home ; Clarence S., a graduate of the Brandon Collegiate Institute, and clerk in his father's business office at Winnipeg; Edna E., a student at Westminster College: William Russell and John ]\Iorris, students in the Brandon public schools; and Robert Allen. The family are members of the Presbyterian church. Mr. ilaxwell gives his allegiance to the liberal party and is active in politics in so far as they aft'eet educational interests. He has done able and effective work as chairman of the Brandon city school board and his duties along this line form one of the important branches of his activities. In fraternal circles, too, he is well known and prominent, being past grand master of the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows and past district high chief ranger of the Canadian Order of Foresters. A man of varied interests, all of which are forces in the educational, pulilic. or social expansion of the city and the province, Mr. Maxwell well deserves his high place in the public regard. He is a true type of the modern business man, active, alert, enterprising, aggressive and he has brought the concern under his charge to a flourishing condition. His own prosperity has developed with the growth of his company and has attained proportions which place him among the prominent and able business men of the city. R. J. WHITLA. An eminent American statesman said: "In all this world the thing supremely worth having is the opportunity, coupled with the capacity, to do well and worthily a piece of work, the doing of which shall be of vital sig- nificance to mankind." Such an opportunity came to R. J. Whitla and in its utilization he left the impress of his individuality upon the city of Winnipeg and the history of Manitoba. It would be difficult to determine which were the greater force in his life, his business ability and acumen, his religious zeal, his philanthrop.v or his geniality. These and other equally admirable qualities made his a well rounded character and his life one of great serviceableness in the world's work. He was born at Monagban, in the county of Ulster, near Belfast, Ireland, on the 22d of April, 1846, a .sou of Robert and Ann (Wil- liams) Whitla. He was one of a large family of ten children, five sons and five daughters, of whom several brothers and sisters are yet living, including E. J. WHITLA THE STORY OF MANITOBA 25 Sir AVillinni Wliitla, a distinguished physician who is known as an eminent author on uiedieal subjects and who for many years was professor of materia medica' and therapeutics in Queen's College of Belfast. He was knighted in 1902. Others of the family are: Alexander Whitla, of Manchester, England; Dr. Meredith "\MaitIa, of ilonaghan, Ireland ; a sister who is the wife of Eev. John Gushing, of Oxford, England; and three other sisters, Mrs. Greacey, Miss Maggie Whitla and Mrs. Corkey, of Dublin, Ireland. After acquiring his education in schools of his native land R. J. Whitla decided to benefit by the broad business opportunities offered in the new world and when twenty-one j'ears of age crossed the Atlantic to New York city. After a brief period, however, he came to Canada, remaining for two yeai-s in Toronto, while subsequently he removed to Ottawa, where he engaged in busi- ness on his own account. He afterward opened a store in Arnprior in the county of Renfrew, on the upper Ottawa, and developed there one of the leading retail stores in the Dominion. For nine years he conducted business at Arnprior and then again hearing and heeding the call of the west came to Winnipeg early in the year 1878. He immediately opened a wholesale and retail estal)lishment on ilaiu street where the "Blue Store" now stands, giving the name of "One Price House" to his estab.lishment. From the beginning the new venture prospered and in 1882. the business had grown to such pro- portions that he disposed of the retail department, concentrating his energies upon the wholesale trade. About that time D. K. Elliott was admitted to a jiartnership under the firm name of R. J. Whitla & Company. They erected ;i. small three-story building on McDermot street and two years later Iniilt another Inisiness block on the same street now occupied by the Winnipeg Tele- gram. Again their quarters became too small and in 1899 they erected a por- tion of the block which the company yet occupies. In 1901 an addition was built, giving double the space, and their business was being there carried on at the time of Mr. Whitla's death. The business methods of the house were ever unassailable, being based upon strict commercial integrity and honor. Colleagues and contemporaries esteemed Mr. Whitla as a man of the highest moral character and his record demonstrated clearly that the principles of Christianity could be applied to practical Inisiness affairs. Moreover, he was a jiromincnt member of the Board of Trade, of which he served for a time as president, and otherwise he had much to do with the development of the business prosperity of the city. One feature of Jlr. Whitla's success was the kindliness and consideration with which he treated his employes. He gathered around him a coi-ps of efficient office helpers and salesmen to whom he was not only just but generous and they ever recognized that fidelity on their part meant advancement as opportunity offered. Rclurning to Ireland in 1874, Jlr. Whitla was there married to Miss Eleanor Katlilccn Wright, who survives him. as do his two daughters, Mrs. J. C. G-reen Armytagc, who has a daughter, Kathleen Eleanor, and Nora, now ilrs. Craw- ford Richards, who has a son, Robert Whitla. His relations to his family were ever ideal and at his own fireside he was a most genial host. He was ever a welcome addition to social circles, his vivacity and humor presei'ving a strong fiavor of the Emerald isle while numy of his acquaintances treasure up instances of his wit and the anecdotes which he related. He possessed the power of retaining as well as making friends and those who knew him longest were his stanchest admirers. His standing as a citizen was indicated liy the fact that at the time of his demise flags tlew at half mast thi-ougliout the city. There was not a dejiartment nor a jihase of the city's life in which he was not actively interested. In politics he always pursued that indepeiulent course which is one of the hopeful i)olitical signs of the period. He stood for what he believed to be right whether the course was advocated liy one party or the other. He was indeed a most public-spirited man and his patriotic loyalty to his country was indicatetl when in the second Riel rebellion of 188o, he went to the front as a captain of E Company of the .Xinetieth 26 THE STORY OF MANITOBA Regiment, putting his heart and soul into his military duties. He could have filled the hi<,'hest positions of tiie country witli ditrnity but in all public rela- tions he was a man void of all seltish motives and was content to remain in private life, knowing that the scope of one's usefulness ever may be unlimited. Prominent in all public functions, he was the chief spirit in the erection of a monument in AYinnipeg to the late Queen Victoria. iMen high in public life bore eloquent tribute to his memory. The Hon. T. Mayne Daly said of him: "He was a man of broad ideas and essentially a Manitobian in every particular. He demonstrated how well the western provinces are adapted for men of ability and courage to make themselves felt by enlarging his business and creating a large enterprise, placing himself at the head of the particular line of business in which he was engaged. He showed his courage in liis manly tight against the insidious disease which attacked him years ago. As an Irish- Canadian I particularly regret his death as he truly exemplified the Irish char- acter, having a large, true heart. and making a sincere friend." That Mr. AVliitla was one of the prominent forces of righteousness and moral development in Winnipeg none questioned. He was one of the strongest, most loyal and most devoted members of the Methodist church, in connection with which he filled various church offices. He early identified himself with the denomination of which lie ever afterward remained a consistent adher- ent and he made it one of his first duties on removing from one city to another to identify himself with the church there. His home was the center of Chris- tian activity but while a Methodist in faith he was so large-hearted that he was claimed by Christendom at large and belonged to all. A resolution passed by the board of trustees of the Broadwaj' Methodist church says: "As a Methodist, Mr. Whitla upheld the characteristic institutions of the church. He believed in the class-meeting and was for many years a most efficient class- leader. He believed that Christian experience is a thing that grows by expres- sion and his voice was constantly heard in meetings for fellowship and prayer. A staunch ilethodist, yet his history and temperament alike led him to be broad-minded in his attitude towards all other denominations. Church union had no more ardent advocate than he." He became actively identified ^vith the Young Men's Christian Association and its work was a field that gave him opportunity to show the breadth of his sympathies. His efforts in that con- nection will ever stand as a monument to his useful life and high pui-pose. He became a cliarter member of the association in Winnipeg and was active in its work from 1879 until 1887, but did not accept office until the latter year. That was a time of gi-eat general financial depression and ]Mr. Whitla was solicited to become vice president of the as.soeiation in order to try to keep it afloat. The following year he was elected to the presidency and so contin^ied iintil 1892. His courage and devotion were the salient features in promoting the work during a trying period and in placing the finances of the organiza- tion on a firm footing. He was also largely instrumental in the erection of a new building, twenty thousand dollars being contributed for this purpose. That he realized fully the value and importance of the work of the organiza- tion is indicated by the fact that he frequently said that he would rather be president of the Young Men's Christian Association than the premier of Can- ada. He erected high standards for the association and lived up to them, always emphasizing the spiritual side of the work. His example of generosity, optimism and courage is one that should be enudated by those who follow after him. Other specific features of Mr. Whitla 's Christian life were found in his connection with Wesley College, of which he was one of the founders and directors, remaining to the time of his death a wise counselor, a firm friend and a generous supporter of that institution. Moreover, it was found at his death that he left a bequest for the school. One of the well merited tributes to his memory is found in a resolution of the board of Wesley College which says in part: "We wish to record our warm appreciation of this kindly act and to express our high regard for the man himself, for he was a manly. Christian THE STORY OP MANITOBA 27 man. Endowed with much ability, he had a humble heart. He possessed great force of character and courage, but was carefully considerate of others and gciiUt' in his greatness. He was a righteous man, of strong convictions, and in his tight against error and wrong in personal, social or civic life, he struck hard blows always in an atmosphere of sunshine and w-ithout malice. His antagonists felt his crushing jiower but liked the man. He was tender- hearted ; many a time in the presence of suffering have those near by seen fall his tears of sympathy. As a prudent man in business he realized the prom- ise of the life that then was, but as an eai-nest, Christian man he walked hum- l>ly with his God and alwaj-s had respect unto the recompense of the reward to wiiicli in God's great providence he had been called. The record of our sor- row for the loss by death of R. J. Whitla is also the record of our admiration and love of him who worthily lived and greatly loved, and left the world tlie better for his being in it." There were times when Mr. Whitla gave himself up unreservedly to pleas- ure. He entered into this as heartily as he did into his church and philan- thropic work or into his business activities. A crack shot and a lover of hunting, he served as president of the Fort Garr.y Gun Club and the Winnipeg Gun Club. A lover of dogs, he wa.s also president of the Winnipeg Kennel Club. He belonged, too, to the Canadian Club and other prominent social organizations. Mr. Whitla passed away December 1, 1905, at the age of tifty-uine years, at which time there was published a memorial volume, the dedication of which is a clear expression of his position in public regard and the feeling entertained for him. It reads as follows: "By those who have been touched by his great- liearted charity; by those who were privileged to call him friend; by those in the inner circle upon whom he showered his love; these involuntary tributes, IIk; sudden expressions of deep grief of all classes at his untimely death, will be treasured, in the spirit in which they were collected, as a kindly memento of Ihe reverence due to him as a true friend, a model citizen, a staunch patriot and a noble Christian gentleman." When death called him his loss was not only deeply felt by his family, his friends, his business a.ssociates and his fel- low club members, but also by hundreds whom he had befriended in the hour of need. He was most generous in his gifts to the poor and his visits to such left tliem not only substantially assisted in a material way but encouraged and hearlencd liy his words of kindly advice and cheer. Every newspaper in the city editorially bore testimony of his worth and his greatness. The Winnipeg Daily Tribune said: "It was the broadness of the man that probably appealed more to those who knew him, and they were many. Deeply religious, he was never bigoted. A public man of strong opinions, he never was a political par- tisan. A man of wealth and prominent position, he was democratic in his ideals and in his daily walk. There are many monuments in churches erected, charities founded and institutions solidly planted by which R. J. Whitla will be ever remembered by the people of Winnipeg, but jiossibly a deeper, a more significant evidence of the part he played so kindly, so Christian-like in life will be the deep respectful sorrow of the people among whom he lived and for whom he did so much, for the strong, manly man wlio lias passed when the worldly i)attle of life had just been won. He will be long remembered for he leaves the monument of a kindly life and he gave of his kindliness." A titting tribute to his chai-acter and life came from the chui-ch in which he had long labored: "As a man JMr. Whitla was warmly loved. He was an optimist, not from policy but by temperament. He put in practice the gospel of good cheer; and it is good cheer that wins affection. Tliere was not a suggestion of cynicism or hardness in his nature. He was liberal in his public gifts and ungrudging in his private cliarities. Public usefulness on tiie jiart of an institution and distress on tlie part of individuals or families made immediate appeal to his sympathies. He struggled long and bravely against a eniel disease and his expei'ience in this regard made him solicitous about the healtli, the comfort 28 THE STORY OF MANITOBA and the liappiiiess of others. As thi head of a great business house he was a model of integrity, and throughout the formative period of our city and province he did much to estalilisli a tradition of eomiuereial honor in this new country. He was one of those men who in the best sense of the word act as links between the ehureh and the world. His Christianity expressed itself in a practical way in terms of sympathy, generosity ami probity." CLAUDE BUFFET. The iinjietus of growth the city of Winnipeg is enjoying is largely due to its young men of business who have been instrumental in bringing about its development from a trading post to a country town, from a country town to a western city and are now boosting a provincial town toward a place of metropoli- tan importance. Among the lines of business which have been more conducive to its growth than any other is the real-estate business, in which Claude Buffet has been engaged in Winnipeg since 1906. He has liis offices at 200 Farmer building and acts also as financial agent and adviser for a number of outside investors. He is a native of France and was born in the city of Lyons, tlie great silk nmnufaeturiug center in the Rhone valley, in 1885. His parents are Claude and Alexandra (Buffet) Buffet. Claude Buft'et received his primary education in the public schools of his native city and later attended a Lyons lyceum, a school corresponding to a high school in this country. Fired with amliition to attain success, he sought the opportunities of a new country and in 1902 came to Manitoba, wliere he engaged in farming for three years, or until 1905. He then abandoned farm life and in 1906 established the real-estate business in which he is now engaged. He also acts as the adviser and financial agent for a number of outside interests and his business has increased in the intervening years to gratifying propor- tions. He is one of the boosters of the city and active in his endeavors to make this town the great distributing and trade center of the Canadian west. In 1912 Jlr. Buft'et was married to ]\Iiss Marie Landelle, who was born in Bordeaux, France. In polities he is a lilieral, and socially is a member of the French Clul) of Winnipeg. ]\Ir. Buft'et has made many friends in the French colony of Winnipeg as well as in business and other relations. He is well liked and has gained an enviable reputation as a shrewd l)usiness man of progressive tendencies. JOHN McKECHNIE. The industrial development of Winnipeg finds a wortliy representative in John McKechnie, who.se initiative spirit and administrative ability are strongly manifest in his control of the Vulcan Iron Works, the largest foundry in Can- ada west of the Great Lakes. As president of the company owning this mam- moth enterprise he stands in the foremost rank among those who are controlling the great productive industries of ]\Ianitoba. A native of Scotland, he was born on the 14th of August. 1814, in the beautiful district near Loch Lomond, made famous through the writings of Sir Walter Scott. His parents. Stephen and ^Margaret (Duncan) ]\IcKeehnie, were also natives of Scotland and were of old Scotch lineage. In the spring of 1854 they crossed the Atlantic to Ontario and the father engaged in farming in Bruce county. John ]MeKechnie, the eldest of a family of seven children, pursued his education in the j^ublic schools of Glasgow until he came to Canada with his parents in his tenth year. Following the establislnnent of tlie family home in Ontario he attended the public schools of Paris and when not busy with .Ili|l\ \|rKi;( IIMK THE STORY OF MANITOBA 31 his text-books gave his attention to tlie work of the home farm, njjon which he remained until eighteen years of age. He spent tlie succeeding year in the United States and then returned to i'anada, entering upon an apprenticeship to the millwi'ight "s trade, which he afterward followed in this country and in the United States until 1872, at which time he came to Manitoba, settling in "Winnipeg. He brought with him little else than natural mechanical ability, broadened by training and experience along mechanical lines. However, he added thereto laudable ambition and firm purpose. His first work in Winni- peg was in the sawmill of W. J. McCauley and in the fall of the same year he accepted the position of engineer in tiie flourmill of Joseph Leilay, with whom he renuuned until the si)iiiig of 1874. His unfaltering enterprise and care- ful expenditure having brought to him a small capital, he opened a foundry in the s])ring of 1874, whicii was the the first established in the northwest, and constituted the nucleus of the present extensive business which since 1881 has been conducted under the name of the Vulcan Iron Company. Its growth has been of a rapid and substantial character, its ramifying trade interests reach- ing out over constantly broadening territoi-y until the house is now in direct contact with many business enterprises throughout the country which use its protlucls. In liS71 ^fr. McKechnie was united in marriage to I\Iiss Catherine Mc- Gregor, a native of Glengarry county, Ontario, and they have four children: Jennie, the wife of H. H. Coulter, a barrister of Virden, ^Manitoba; Margaret, the wife of Claude Isbister, a member of the law firm of O'Connor, Isbister & Morton and the mother of one son, John McKechnie; Catherine; and Mary. While the business interests of Mr. McKechnie have been of constantly growing volume and impoi'tance, he has j'ct found time and opportunity to cooperate in many public movements whereby the welfare and upbuilding of the community have been conserved. For eight years prior to 1902 he served as a school trustee and for a year was chairman of the public school board. His religious faith is imlicated by his membersliip in Knox church and in St. Andrews Society, and in the former he was one of the board of managers for many years. For more than three decades he has been affiliated with the ilasonic fraternit}% having become one of the early members of Prince Rupert Lodge, No. 1, F. & A. M. He stands high in the order, as is indicated by the fact that he served as treasurer of the grand lodge of ^Manitoba for twenty- one years, being the oldest office holder in the grand lodge to occupy any posi- tion continuously for a similar length of time. He has taken the degrees of the Scottish Rite and in 18i)l the honorary thirty-third degree was conferred upon him. For several years he was deputy of the supreme council for Man- itoba and the northwest territories. In more specifically social lines he is con- nected with the Carletou Club. He is a man of strong personality, forceful and resourceful, his ability being attested by the prominent position to which he has attained through the utilization of the powers witli wliicli nature endowed him and of the opportunities wiiicii the age affords. wiLLiA:\r F. wiiKLLA:\rs. As a i)artni'r of the wholesale commission firm of F. J. Cox & Company, William F. Whellams was well known in the conmun-cial life of Winnipeg and throughout the entire period of his connection with l)usincss interests of this city he enjoyed the confidence and high regard of colleagiu's and contemporaries in an unusual degree. His life was, indeed, well spent and his influence was ever on the side of right, .iuslice, truth and progress. His death, which occurred on the 2:iarty. He is always eager in his support of movements which have for their object social or commercial improvement and development. He is a member of the Christian Scientist church and is deeply interested in the Young Men's Chi-istian Association, being one of the cliarter members of the Brandon organization and an active worker in the promotion of the fine new building which tiie association has recently erected. No movement for the further development of Brandon in a religious, com- mercial or politieal way seeks his cooperation in vain, for his business success has not narrowed his activities nor confined them to one line but has rather broadened his interests, while giving him added opportunities to make them effective. WILLIAM GARSON. William Garson. late of Winnipeg, was the organizer and promoter of the Carson Quarries Company and was a picturesque figure and an influential factor in nninicipal politics. He was born on the Orkney Islands on the 6th of ^lay, IcS.'iC. and when but a year old was brought to America by his parents, Robert and Georgiana (Sinclair! Garson. The family home was established in St. Catharines. Ontario, where the father followed his trade of shipbuilding. William Garson, the only child of his inirents. was educated in St. Catharines, and while spending the years of his early manhood there engaged in contract work and served as a member of the Ontario legislature for one term. About fd'teen years prior to his death he came to the west', first settling at Kenora, wiiere he again engaged in contract work. Many important contracts were awarded him. He was the builder of the postotTice there, also the roundhouse and many other buildings. After a few years he turned his attention to bridge contracting and on coming to Winnipeg organized the Garson Quarries Com- pany, owning a (piariy at Tvndall. In this connection he did im|)ortant epn- ti'act work, which lie followed up to the time of his death, which occurred while lie was sujjerintending the execution of a contract in Calgary. He was thoroughly conversant with all the practical phases and the scientific principles involved in ids building operations and the excellence of his work, his thorough reliability and his faithful execution of every part of a contract brought him a liiieral and well merited jjatronage. In 1S9.") Mr. Garson was married in ;\roulinette to IMiss Jlargaret Annable, "f Ontario, and they liecame parents of two sons, Stewart Siiudair and Robert. In |)olities ;\lr. Garson was always a liberal and for .several years was a vtM-y l>i-oiuinent factor in the ]iolitical circles of Winnipeg. In the year in whicli the boai-d of control was organized — 1906 — ^Fr. Garson was a candidate for a position on the board and was elected third on the list with a vote of twenty- six hundred and seventy-nine. He was a fluent, even eloquent s]ieaker, per- i'eetly at home on the hustings, was a master of repartee and possessed a ready 34 THE STORY OF MANITOBA Irish wit that always dulighli'tl an aiKlicncr. lie luiuul ket'ii pleasure iu faeing au opponent on the platform and his utterances never failed to hold the attention of his hearers, and in many cases carried conviction to the minds of his auditors. In 1907 he was again a candidate for the office of member of the board of control. His public service was characterized by unfaltering devotion to tiie general good and the liberal party accounted him one of its prominent loc.d leaders. He hckl meml)ersiiip in the rresliyterian chui'ch and in every i-elatiou of life manifested tiiose qualities which iu any land and clime awaken respect and regard. AVILLTA:M GOMEZ DA FONSECA. It was a splendid company of men who were the builders and promoters of Winnipeg — men who braved the dangers and hardships of frontier life and with resolute spirit iitilized the opportunities ottered in a new country that had many natural advantages. The dream of a western empire was theirs and they feared not the practical efl'orts necessar.v to the fultilliiieiit of their vision. In this connection prominent mention should be made of William Gomez da Fonseca, who was one of the first merchants of Winnipeg, penetrating into the wilderness of the northwest when this city was but a small village and gave little promise of taking on the metropolitan aspects which it now displays. Arriving here in 1859, he continued a resident of Winnipeg for forty-six years, passing away on the 2.3d of April, 1905. He was born in 182:j at Santa Croix, in the Danish West Indies, and his full name was Don Derigo Xojada Gomez da Silva Fonseca, but upon leaving Spanish territory he adopted for the sake of convenience the shorter name which he afterward used. The name of da Silva Fonseca is a celebrated one among the Spanish speaking people. It originated with Roman II, king of Leon, who settled iu (ialician Spain, and his brother, Fernandez da Silva Fonseca, Lord of Quintando, both of whom were present at the conquest of Toledo in 1085 and later led in the conquest of Portugal with Count Henri. They were the eldest sous of Pien'e Roderique da Fonseca. who settled in Castile with Queen Beatrice. The family coat of arms is gold with five small comets or stars in saltire. William G. da Fonseca was a cousin of General Deradora da Sil'^'a Fonseca, president of Brazil. William Gomez da Fonseca was seventeen years of age when he left his native isle for New York and through the medium of employment which he there secured, he received a thorough business training and gained a knowledge of business conditions that proved of immense value to him when he turned his attention to commercial activities in later years. His fii'st removal to the west led him to Neosho, Wisconsin, where he studied for the ministry, but a weakness of his eyes obliged him to give up his plan of devoting his life to the work of preaching the gospel. Leaving college, he started out to see some- thing of the world, and when he first visited eastern ^linuesota the cities of St. Paul and ]\Iinneapolis had no place on the map. It was in 1850 that he located in the former city, then a small hamlet, while Third street was but a typical village street of little one-story building.s — the predecessors of the great business blocks which now adorn that thoroughfare. It was upon that street that he opened a wholesale house to meet trade requirements in the west, and among his business colleagues and associates of that period were many men who have since become prominent, including J. J. Hill. Thinking that the northwest held still better business opportunities, he started for the Red River settlement in 1859. traveling with several ox carts for a distance of five hundred miles over the plains of the western wilderness, the little caravan being entirely at the mercy of the red men who frequently gathered around the camp ; but ^Fr. Fonseca diplomatically kept their friendship, ever treating them with kindness and consideration and thus never ai'ousing their hostility. At length ^^^r ^JmS^^U^^^ ^^^K '''IBSfii^E^^^^^^^^^^^^ ■H flHHI^''''^'^'^':^ ^ai^^^l ^^^^Hk''^ '^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H WIIJJAM (5. I)\ I'ONSKCA THE STORY OP MANITOBA 37 till' long journey was suofe.sst'ull.y ;iccoiiiplished yet liis life wms not even tlieu free from dansers, while many wei'e the hardships and difficulties tliat he encountered. He here met the hostility of Riel, the rel)el leader, who released him only on the surrender of his papers of American citizenship. It was in the spriuL; of 1860 that he arrived at the little settlement then known as Fort Garry, st()])|)ing first at a sjiot which he designated not long before his death as the foot of Lombard street. That night he slept in a little boat and in the morning went ashore. He called on Andrew ilcUermott, who had a large house on tlie river bank, and the result of their conference was that j\Ir. Fonseea took liis stock of goods down to the present site of the E. L. Drewery brewery. The property was occupied by ]Mr. Inkster, but near by stood a log cabin wliich jMr. Fonseea rented, and in it he disposed of the load of goods which he had brought with him to the north, olrtaining excellent prices for his merchandise. With the capital thus secured he purchased the lot on ]\Iaple avenue where for so many years was located the old home of the family. He first built there a log cabin, using part of it foi' a store and living in the rear. From that time until his death Mr. Fonseea left the impress of his in- dividuality upon Winnipeg and her upbuilding along many lines. In his store he .sold pemmican, tallow and buffalo hides, and when he gave up the log building it was used for the first public school. For an extended period he was associated with mercantile interests here and at different periods he was connected with other enterprises and undertakings which have constituted potent forces in the city's growth and improvement. In 1876, he undertook to ])ublish ,1 pajier which was the first rival of the ^Manitoba Free Press but did not finil the venture a pi'ofitable one anti discontinued the paper after a short period. He was one of those who hiid out the streets in the north part of the city and named those thoroughfares. In association with Sir John Schultz he was largely instrumental in influencing the Canadian Pacific Railroad to place its tracks where they are found today. His investments in property made him the owner of a large estate then comprising the most of Point Douglas and extending four miles westward, inchuling the property now used as exhibition grounds. I'ailroad .shops, etc. During the boom he dealt heavil.y in real estate and prepared a bird's-eye map of the city, which showed his great faith in Winnipeg — a faith that founcl its justification in later years. 'Sir. Fonseea was also among those that demonstrated the horticultural possibilities of this district, being a pioneer in the raising of several varieties of fruit, for he believed soil and climate were favorable thereto and the result proved his wisdom. He was an enthusiastic believer in the navigability of the Hudson Bay and wrote a lengthy historical review of the same, and was also an ex- ecutive officer with Hugli Sutlierland in an effort to further the interests of the Hudson's Hay Railroad. His long residence in AVinnipeg and his close eonnection with the de\-el()]uuent of the city and surrouiuling country eiuibled liiiii 1<) speak with autiiority coiu'crning tlu> events whi<-h sha|)ed its history. In 1865, 'Mr. Fonseea married iliss ^Margaret Ann Logan, a daughter of Thomas Logan and a niece of ex-^Iayor Logan. Their childicn. who grew to adult ages, were: ilrs. 0. G. Xagy, Benjamin G., Albert C Ci., Alfred McFarlane, 'Sirs. A. F. ]McCIellan, Alfonso. Margaret, Airs. A. G. Drununoud, Gordon, and Elsidore. Of these. Albert C". (J. Fonseea was a member of the firm of Fonseea Bi'others, conducting with Benjamin G., the Hotel Wolseley, at the time of his deatli in 11)06. Mr. Fonseea 's position in [)ublir regard was iudieateil in I lie fai-1 tluil lie became known as a "grand old man." He left the impress of his individuality u|)oii the city aiul its history, and was closely associated with much that has shajjcd public progress and im]irovement here. For eight terms he was a membei- of llie city council, and as such exercised his official ]irei'ogatives in siipport of many moveincufs which have had direct and beneficial results ujion the (l.'velo])nicn1 and u|)building of Winuiiici: and especially ui><)n its nuinic- ili;d liniKu- and welfare, liis life was ever actuated by the liiL'hest motives ami i.U 38 THE STORY OP MANITOBA ideals aud stands as a sjilcndid cxainplc of Christian citizenship. He was a devoted member ol' the Cliurch of Eiitiland, and at diflVrent times was con- nected with St. John's catlicilral. Christ cliurch and Holy Trinity churcii. He took active and helpful part in the cliurch work, aud for a number of years was Sunday school superintendent of (Jlirist church, which he aided in organ- izing, holding the lirst class in his log cabin on Point Douglas. He was also the first superintendent of the Sunday school of Holy Trinit.y church aud for thirty -six years was a vestryman in St. John's and also one of the oldest teachers in its Sunday school. He had the honor of numbering Archbishop Matthesou among the pupils who came under his instruction in the school. He was a man whom to know was to esteem and honor, whose life ever reached up to tiie highest ideals and whose actions were prompted l)y the most human- itarian and honorable motives. A philo.sopher has said: "Not the good that comes to us, but the good that comes to the world through us, is the measure of our success." And- judged liy this standard. William Gomez da Fonseca was a most successful man. AVILLIAM ALFRED KENNING. "William Alfred Kenning has for the past five years been engaged in the real-estate and investment l)usiuess at Winnipeg, maintaining offices in the McArthur building. His birth occurred in Guelph, Ontario, in 1875, his parents being W^illiam James and Annie (Bigbie) Kenning. For many years the father has been manager of one of the factories of the Raymond Sewing Machine Company at Guelph, Ontario. William A. Kenning obtained a public-school education in the place of his nativity and in 1891, when a youth of sixteen, began learning the hardware business in the employ of George A. Richardson at Guelph, remaining in his service for nine j'ears. In 1900 he came to W^innipeg aud entered the employ of the j\Iiller-Morse Hardware Company, representing that concern as a travel- ing salesman for five years and subsequently as sales manager for two years. In 1907 he embarked in business on his own account aud has since dealt suc- cessfully in real estate and has also handled investments, specializing in city property and farm lands. He is a member of the Winnipeg Real Estate Exchange and the Commercial Travelers Club of Winnipeg. In 1902 Mr. Kenning was united in marriage to Miss Minnie ilaud Perkins, of Detroit, Michigan, by whom he has a daughter. Ruth Winifred Kenning. CHARLES WALSH ROWLEY. Charles Walsh Rowley is a financier whose identification with the work of establishing banks throughout western Canada places him with the most prominent business men of Winnipeg. But imjiortant as this work is, the scope of his interests and activities is far broader, for, cognizant of life's meaning and its opportunities, he has cooperated in and supported many measures which are liased upon humanitarian principles or are looking to the inlellectiial and moral progress of the race. He attacks everything with a contagious enthusia.sm which, coupled with sound judgment, has made him an etfective force in the accomplishment of whatever he has inidertaken. He was bom in Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, September 30, 1869, and is a sou of the late Lieutenant Colonel J. W. H. Rowley and ]\Iiriani (Walsh) Rowley. The father, a native of Bromley, Kent, England, was a military man who in later years became a prominent figure in the social and financial circles of the maritime provinces. He died in Loudon, England, in October, 1896. His wife, who died at Ottawa, THE STORY OF MANITOBA 39 on the 13th of January, 1913, was horn in Troy, New York, and was a member of one of the United Empire Loyalist families. At the usual age Jlr. Kowley l)ecame a pupil in the public schools of his native city, passing through consecutive grades to the high school. There ended his educational training save for the valuable lessons which he has learned in the school of experience, in which he has been an apt and earnest student. His initial step in the l)usiness world was made in the service of the Canadian Bank of ('oinmerce at St. Catharines, Ontario, in 1888. and from that time to the i)re.seut he has been closely associated with financial interests in various parts of the Dominion. In 1893 he became an accountant at Colling- wood, Ontario, and in that capacity came to "Winnipeg in 1897. In 1901, soon after the amalgamation of the Bank of British Columbia, he went to Vancouver to take part in the vast work incident to the execution of plans connected with a transaction of that magnitude. AVith ]iM)2 came the development of the idea of opening branch offices on the praii-ies and, returning to "Winnipeg, Mr. Row- ley, under instructions, arranged the extensive preliminai\v work for branch openings in JManitoba and Saskatchewan. In October of the same year he established, at Calgary, the first branch in the province of Alberta, and during nine years passed in that city was actively engaged in the establishment of still other branches throughout the city and province of Alberta. In June, 1911, he assumed the duties of manager of the AVinnipeg branch, which he still controls and as such occupies a prominent position in financial circles in Canada. ]<'ew men in private life have taken asactive or beneficial part in promoting public progress through immigration measures as has ilr. Rowley. Aside from ills position as manager of the "Winnipeg lu-anch of the Canadian Bank of Commerce, he is identified with many financial interests both in AVinnipeg and in Calgary and in the pi-omotion thereof has secured the investment of much British, United States and foreign capital. Realizing the great possibilities of the west, he has been very active in inducing immigration and during its existence was vice president of the "Western Canada Immigration Association. In every city in which he has made his home for any length of time he has contributed much to its commercial development, studying the conditions and instituting practical plans and measures for growth and progress. He has been an active member of the Board of Trade in Collingwood, Berlin. "Winnipeg and Calgary and was also connected with the Grain Exchange in the last two named cities. "While in Calgary he was honored with the office of chairman of the Clearing House Association and president of the Board of Trade. His efforts for material progress have not constituted the scope of his activity, however, for he has been a most liberal contributor to all kinds of educational and hospital work. He is a life governor of the AA^innipeg General Hospital and also holds a life membership in the Humane Society of this city, and is a life member of the AViiniipeg Garden Club. In years past he has been an honored member of the boards of AVcstern Canada College and of Bishop Pinkham's College of Calgary and is now a director of Ilavergal College. AVinnipeg. He is a non-resident life fellow of the Royal Colonial Institute of London. England ; a member of the Nova Scotia Historical Society and is hon- orary vice president of the Canadian Defence League. He has at all times taken a keen interest in affairs military and has recently been gazetted pay- master of the One Hundredth R^'giment, AVinnipeg Grenadiers. He manifests a deep interest in iiro.iects for ameliorating the hard condi- tions of life for the unfortunate and thus has been a cooperant factor in charitable and benevolent work and also a L'enei'ous supi>orter of the A'oung Men's Christian Association both in AVinni|)cg and in Calgary. At the present writing he is serving as treasurer of the l)uilding conunitt^e for the new asso- ciation luiilding of AVinnipeg. He is a member of the executive of the AVinnipeg Industrial Bureau and his sound judsnuMit enables him to quickly recognize 40 TUE STOKV OF MAMITOBA the value of any movemeut or projeet inteiulinir 1o advauee the jiiihlie welfare aluiiy inatei-ial. iiitelleetiial, social or moral lines. In London. Ontario, in 1896, JMr. Rowley was married to iliss Fannie Woodman Smith, a daughter of the late II. A. Smith of that city. I'nto tiieiu have been horn two ehildren. iliriam II. and Kate S. II., both natives of Winni- peg, ilrs. Rowley is an aeeomplished musieiau and while in Calgary was a pretlominant faetor in the religious, musical and social life of that city. She holds membership witli the Daughters of the Empire and with the Woman's Canadian Club. ]\[r. Rowley's membersiiip relations connect him with Ashley Lodge. F. & A. M., of Calgary. He has also been well known in athletic circles — another evidence of his wide and varied interests. He has had nuich to do witii the formation of Canadian clubs throughout the Dominion, in many of wliich he has Ix'cn an active officer. He was vice president of tlie Association in Alberta, president of the club at Calgary and afterward honorary treasurer of the Winnipeg Canadian Club. His social nature tiuds expression iu his membership connection with the Manitoba, Carletou, the Automoliile, the St. Charles Country and the Winnipeg Hunt Clubs of this city; the Rauelunan's Club and Calgary Golf and Country Club of Calgary; the Minneapolis Club of Minneapolis; and the Alpine Club of Canada, of which he is a member of the local advisory committee. He is an active member of the Church of Eng- land, cooperating heartily in its various lines of work. He is not unknown as a writer, his Dominion Day Thoughts and other articles being well received throughout the country. In manner kindly and genial, big-hearted and loyal, there is no man in the various cities, where he is so widelj' known, that is not glad to call him friend. JAilES T. GORDON. Extensive operations in lumber, cattle and wheat — his business interests reaching out to various sections of the country — have made James T. Gordon a notable figure on the stage of lousiness activity in Canada. Bending his efforts to administrative direction and executive control, he suceessfulh* manages mam- moth enterprises, carrying forward to completion whatever he undertakes and coordinating seemingl.y diverse elements into a harmonious whole. He is perhaps best known as the president of the Gordon, Ironside & Fares Company. Ltd., and in his various other business connections, especiall.v with financial interests throughout the province. Mr. Gordon is a native of Tweed, Ontario, born December 24, 1858. His parents, John and Sarah (Elliott) Gordon, were natives of the north of Ireland and in 1845 became residents of Canada. The father devoted his life to farming and is still living on the old homestead in Ontario but the mother passed away in April, 1909, at the age of eighty-two years. The period of James T. Gordon's youth was spent in the usual manner of the farm lads of the age and locality. He became familiar with the work of the fields in vacation periods while pursuing his education in the public schools of Tweed. He was eighteen years of age when he put aside his text-books and thereafter devoted his entire time to farm work until twenty years of age. The opportunities of a growing western coiuitry attracted him and in 1878 he came to ilanitoba, where he entered the employ of Dick. Banning & Company, lumber merchants of Winnipeg. He remained for three years in that employ and then embarked in the lumber business on his own accoiuit. remaining in tliat field until 1885, when he sold out to his partner, !Mr. Ironside. Removing to Pilot ^lound, Manitoba, he was until 1893 engaged in the lumber, cattle and wheat business at that place, after which he returned to Winnipeg and resumed business rela- tions with his old partner, becoming senior member of the present firm of Gordon, Ironside & Fares Company, Ltd. They own and operate one of the largest pack- JAIklES T. GORDON THE STORY OF MANITOBA 43 iiig houses west of the Great Lakes and liave Imiiieli liouses at Fort William, Port Arthur, Kenora, Rainy River, Sudlniry, Sault Ste. :\[arie. iloutreal. Sas- katoon, Regina and Moose Jaw. With the land development and the stock- raising and agricultural activities of this section of the country their business has steadily grown and has become one of the chief productive enterprises of Winnipeg. Forceful and resourceful, .Mr. Gordon wisely directs the interests thai conic under his supervision, considering no detail loo unimportant to claim his attention, while at the same time giving due prominence to the principal features in the liusiuess. In addition to his other interests he has become con- nectetl with various financial concerns, being president of the Standard Trust Compan.y; president of the Monarch Life Insurance Company, the Royal Securi- ties (Company, the Manitoba Mortgage Company, the firm of A. Carruthers & Company, and a director of the Sterling Bank. In 188.") Mr. Gordon was married to Miss Mearle Baldwin, a daughter of Jose[)h Baldwin, of York county, Ontario, and to them have been l)orn two children, Charles E. and James Cook, both of whom are associated with their father in business. Mr. Gordon is devoted to his family and prefers to si)end his leisure liours at his own fireside, yet he is not unappi-eciative of the social amenities of life and is a meml)er of the Jlanitoba. Carleton and Adanac Clubs. He also belongs to the Methodist ehurcb and his political affiliation is with the conservative party. That he is popular and can command a strong following is in(li<-ated by tiie fact that in 1900 he was elected a member of the local legislature for South AVinnipeg by acclanuition, and was reelected in 1902, thus receiving indorsement of bis services from time to time, luitil in all he served ten years in that body. He is deeply interested in nuitters relating to municipal progress and to civic afTairs in Winniiieg and in 1904 he served as i)resident of the Domin- ion E.xposition at Winnipeg, while since 1889 he has been a director of the Ex- ]>osition Company. His career is another illustration of the fact that success is not a matter of genius, as held by some, but is rather the outcome of indefat- igable energy, clear judgment and experience. SAMUEL JAJMES McKEE, B. A., LL. D. Sanniel James ^IcKee, professor of philosophy in Brandon College, Brandon, Manitdba. whose entire life has been devoted to educational activities, in which bis ciintinuous advancement has lirouglit him to a ]iosition of prominence, was born in \Vcllesley, Waterloo county, Ontario, July 17, 1849. His parents were Sanniel and IMargaret (Roseborough) McKee. The father was born in Donegal. Ireland, and when sixteen years of age came to Canada, arriving in this country prior to 1887. The mother was a native of Londonderry, Ireland, and was brought to Canada when but two years of age. They settled near Peterlioro. Ontario, where they lived for a few years after their marriage and then removed to the west, taking up their abode at what was then known as the Que(>n's i^ush, the father ac(|uiring the farm upon which his son Samuel was later born. In the country sciiools of Wi'llesley township Professor iMidvee pursued his early education and when sixteen years of age spent four months as a student in tile Stratford grammar school. Later he attended the Brantford grammar sciiool and afterward entered the Toronto University in 1868, jiursuing a four rears' course, which was completed l)y graduation in 1872. at which time the Haehelor of Arts degree was conferred u|ion him. At tiiis time he was awarded the silver medal in the department of metaphysics, tiien under Profes.sor Young. Immediately following his gratluation he entered Woodstock College as teacher of mathematics but after tilling the i>osition for eight years he was forced to leave on account of ill health. Following the advice of Dr. Thrall, his family physician, he came to Manitoba in the spring of 1881 and a year later, in con- nection with the Rev. (i. B. Davis. B. 1^., he opened a private school in Rai>id 44 THE STORY OF MANITOBA City. That school had a prosperous career for eight years. After leaving Raind City Professor .McKee spent a year in Ontario and then returned to ^lanitoba, settling in iirandon. where he again successfully conducted a private academy for eight years. On tlie expiration of that period he closed the academy and entered Brandon College as a member of its tirst faculty in the fall of 1899. He is now professor of philosophy and is accounted one of the strong educators of this section of the province. AVith a nature that could never be content with mediocrity, he is continually forging ahead, promoting his knowledge and etficicncy throngli constant study, research, experiment and investigation. ()n tile ath of July, 1876, ;it IngcrsoU, Ontario. Profcs.sor McKee was united in marriage to Miss Laura Enuiior Harris, a daugliter of James Harris, of that place. Their children are ^linnie, George, i\lildred. Harris. Carey aud Allan. In July, 1912, the eldest son, George, married Elsie JMcKenzie, of Prince Edward Island. The religious faith of the family is that of the Baptist church. Doctor McKce has never had anj- affiliation with secret societies or clubs. His political allegiance has been given to the liberal party and yet he has not been an active participant in political affairs or a seeker for public office. His military record covers four years as a member of the University of Toronto Company in the Queen's Own Regiment. Aside from these few outside interests his attention has always been devoted to his educational activities, with the result that he has continuously progressed in the line of his chosen profession. Association with him means expansion and elevation, for he has ever kept thoroughly informed concerning vital and significant problems of the da.v as thev atfect man in his relation to his fellowmen and to his country. EDWIN LOFTUS. Edwin Loftus, barrister of Winnipeg, prominent in the practice of corpora- tion and realty law, in which he has largely specialized, was born at Port Perry, Ontario, in 1868. Plis parents, Thomas and Permilla (Williams') Loftus, were also natives of Ontario and in lOO-l removed westward to AVinnipeg, where they have since made their home. Their children were seven in number, as follows : Edwin, our subject : Richard and George, who are residents of ^Ia.ssa- chusetts; Arthur, living in Alberta; Mary, of Winnipeg; William, a member of the real estate firm of Aikins & Pepler, of Winnipeg; and Millie, the wife of E. B. Stevens, of Regina, Saskatchewan. Passing through consecutive grades in the public schools of Port Perry, Edwin Loftus was graduated from the high school with the class of 1883 and that year won the third-class teacher's certificate. The following year he gained a second-class certificate and in 188.j that of the first-class. He engaged in teaching near Port Perry, from 188.5 until 1888. and from 1889 until the summer of 1890 taught in the ilodel school and Collegiate Institute there. In the latter year he matriculated in Toronto and subsequently received second in first-class honors in mathematics and fourth in first-class honors in moderns. In the fall of 1890 he pursued a training course in Toronto for collegiate teach- ing and in 1891-2 taught in the Collegiate Institute at Chatham. Ontario. On the 1st of January, 1893, he removed westward to become principal of the schools of Portage la Prairie, where he remained \intil the mid-summer of 1898. In 189.5 he won his B. A. degree from the ilanitoba University and in 1898 that of ]M. A. In the latter year he entered upon the study of law, winning his LL. B. degi-ee in 1900. The same year he was called to the bar and in the fall he formed a partnership with Thomas II. Johnson, now a member of parliament from Manitoba. In December, 1900, he became a member of the firm of Aikins. Pitblado. Robson & Loftus, and in November, 1906, entered into partnership with William R. iluloek, under the firm name of Mulock & THE STORY OF MANITOBA 45 Loftus. In Jfarcli, 1912, he became a member of the firm of Aikius, Loftus & Aikins, with which he is now associated. His knowledge of law is comprehen- sive and exact. He has ever been a close and discriminating student of the principles of jurispriidence and while he entered upon the general practice of law he has for some time specialized in corporation and title work, being at the present time counsel for a large number of corporations. On the 10th of Jul.y, 1901, at Portage la Prairie, ilr. Loftus was married to Jliss Ida Bell, a daughter of James and Frances (Percy) Bell, well known residents of that place. They have one son, Edwin Bell Loftus, nine years of age. The family attend the Broadway ]\lethodist church, of which the parents are members, and Mr. Loftus was the first teacher of its Bible class, remaining in that connection for two years. His is a well rounded character for he has never allowed profe.ssional interests to monopolize his time to the exclusion of those interests and activities which spring from a recognition of man's rela- tions to his fellowman and his obligations to citizenship. He is a director of the Security National Insurance Company and has been officially connected with various oi'ganizations looking to the intellectual and moral progress of the city, and to its charitable interests. He is a director of the General Hospital, Wesley ('ollege and for the past ten years has been secretary of its lioard. For the i)ast nine years he has been a member of the university council and is chairman of the social committee of the Young Men's Christian Association. In politics a liberal, he was chairman of the first meeting that was held for the purjjose of organizing the Young Liberal Association. He has for many years been examiner for the LL. B. course in the ilanitoba University and lias been a member of the executive couunittee of the ^Manitoba I?ar Associa- tion since its organization. He is also interested in all manly athletic sports and outdoor exercises and was the first president of the ^lanitoba Amateiir Athletic Association. For five years he held the i^residency of the ^lanitoba Football Association and there is further indication of the nature of his recrea- tion in the fact that he is a member of the Manitoba Fishing & Hunting Club. His social nature finds expression in his membership in the Manitoba Club, the Carleton Club, the Commercial Travelers Club and the Canadian Club. The subjective and objective forces of life are in him well balanced, making him cognizant of his own capabilities and powers while at the same time he thoroughly unviigr^^^|^2M|j J COLIN H. CAMPBELL •r'^a!'"- THE STORY OF MANITOBA 49 of iiiucli varied and important legislation, some of which has been confirmed, on appeal, by the privy council of England. He introduced the resolution for the extension of provincial boundaries to the north and west in 1905 and he is known as the father of the juvenile court, inasnuich as he requested, as soon as the Dominion juvenile court act was passed at Ottawa, that it be made a law in the i)rovince of Manitoba. Hon. ('. H. Campbell was a delegate to the Inter-Provincial Conference at Ottawa in ]!)06. 1907-8, 1909-10. and to the Imperial Conference on Education in London, England, in 1907. He was, with Jlrs. Campbell, presented to the Prince and Princess of Wales, now Kin^;' and Queen, at St. James Palace in July, 1902; was presented to the late King Edward at St. James Palace in July, 1908 ; and with i\Irs. Campbell to King George and Queen Maiy at Buck- ingliam Palace in May, 1911. He was present at the coronation of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra and at other royal functions and was commanded to the coronation of King George V and Queen ilary, in June, 1911. Mr. Cariipliell was nuirried, in July, 188-4, to Miss ftlinnie Julia Beatrice Buck, a daugliter of Anson Buck, M. U.. M. R. C. S. (England), of Palermo, Ontario, and the late Kiturah Adelaide Howell. Mr. ('ami)l)ell has one sou, Colin Howell, and one daughter, Elizabeth Gertrude. Mrs. Campbell is regent of Fort Gariy Chapter and president of the Provincial Chapter of Manitoba, of the Imperial Order, Daughters of Empire and is identified with the churcli. philanthropic and clul) life of Winnipeg women. j\Ir. Campbell is a member of the ^lanitoba and St. Chai'lcs Country Clubs, Winnipeg, and the Hunting Club and Albany dull, Toronto. He is also closely identified with i\Ia.sonry, having taken the Scottish Kile degi'ees in Winnipeg. In the work of the Presbyterian church he is actively interested, is one of its leading members and no good work done in the name of ciiarity or religion seeks his aid in vain. For five years he was president of the Young Men's Christian Association and he is equally earnest as a champion of education, having been a member of the board of manage- ment of Manitoba College for more than two decades and chairman of that body, 1897-1907. In his grasp of aft'airs he has few equals. His analytical power is manifest ai his management of government as well as professional interests antl his t a reasoning has found expression in tangible and lienefieial results. JACOB TRITTHWAITE NORQUAY. Jacob Tnithwaite Xorquay, teacher in the Ruthenian Training School of Brandon, was liorn IMay l:?, ISSi. in parish St. Andrews. IManitoba. He is a son of Tiiomas aiui Elizabeth (Miller) Xorquay, the former born in lS-t;3. He is a nephew of the late Hon. J. Nonpuiy, ex-premier of ilanitoba. From 1889 to 1S92 his father was a member for the constituency of Kildonan, in the local legislatui'e. The mother of our subject was born in 1846, the fotirth daughter of Roliert ^filler, formerly of Caitluiess. Scotland. Jacob Truthwaite Norquay was educated in the public schools of St. Andrews and Winnipeg. He innnediately afterward became a teacher in the jntblic sciiools of the province and has become prominent and well known for his able W(U'k ill that cajjacity. His force of character, his broad cultur(>, and his anility as a teacher have drawn him into important relations witii educational interests and while he is still a young man has worked liis way up until he lias become one of the most promising members of liis ]>rofessiou in tile city. He is conservative in his poiitii-al iieiicfs but never active as an office seeker. ])re- ferring to devote his entire time to his ]>rivate duties. P'raternally he belongs to the Tndei)endent Order of Odd Fellows, which he joined in 1907. and since 1909 has been active in the affairs of the Loyal Orange Association. A devout adherent of the Churdi of England, he belongs to St. ^Fatthew's church in the Vol. n— 3 50 THE STORY OF MANITOBA parish of Bi-audon. He has been connected with the Iviithcnian Training School since January 1. ]!»0!t, and he hokls the rank of qnarterniaster .ser^'eant in tile Xjuety-ninth ilanitoba Kangers, having joined that organization in 1910. At twenty-nine he has hardly begun his career and has certainly not accomplished his ultimate success. His interests directing his work have led him into a worthy ticld of labor, where his talents find room for development and his many friends do not hesitate to predict for him continued progress and future prominence. JOHN TTEXDET^SON. One who was active in the development of the Red River district and whose mind bears the impress of events which shaped the pioneer progress of this section of the Dominion, is John Henderson, who is the owner of valuable property, including a fine home on the river bank. His life history if written in detail would give an accurate and comprehensive picture of conditions that existed in western Canada at an early day. After devoting many years to farming he retired in the fall of 1905 and is now en,ioying well earned rest. His parents were Samuel and Flora (Livingston) Henderson. The father was lioi-n in Edinburgh. Scotland, and in 1812 came to tlie Red River country for the Hudson's Bay Company as a trader. After following out the terras of his contract with that company he returned to his native land but soon afterward again came to the new world and spent the greater part of his active business life in connection with the Hudson's Bay Company in its extensive operations in this section. His wife was one of the Selkirk emigi-ants. Fjarly left an orphan, she came to Manitoba with her grandfather. Two of her uncles, James and Donald Livingston, were also pioneer settlers here and became prominent factors in the upbuilding of the west. The family was connected with David Livingston, the celebrated African explorer. Mr. Henderson remained in the service of the Hvidson's Bay Company until 1826. Leaving the employ of that eomiiany. he settled on lot No. -4 in Kildonan, residing there until 1854, when he removed to the east side of the Red river, locating on lot 39, where he resided until his death, July 4, 1864, while his wife passed away November 3, 1865. They were the parents of ten children, of whom three are living, Peter, Mrs. Margaret Matheson and John. The lai5t named w^as born at Kildonan, on lot No. 4, on the west side of the river, November 14, 1841, and attended St. Paul's and the Kildonan schools. He early took up the occupation of farming which he made his life work, fol- lowing that pursuit on the west side of the river until 1854, when he removed to the east side of the river and later liecame owner of lots 39, 118 and 120, ad.ioining tracts. He and his son broke the land, which for the greater part was wild and unimproved when it came into his possession. They placed it under the plow, sowed the seed and in lime gathered rich harvests as reward for their labors. Year after year Mr. Henderson continued farming according to pro- gressive, modern methods until 1905, when he built his present fine home on the banks of the Red river and retired from active life. He sold a strip of land two miles in length from the south line of lot 39 to the north line of lot 120, but still owns the remainder of his property. River lot 118, which Mr. Henderson had owned for some years, was transferred to his son, who later sold the portion of it extending from the river to Bird's Hill road and con- taining ninety-four and a half acres for thii'ty-two thousand dollars. As an illustration of the advance in values, our sub.iect realized fifty thousand four hundred dollars from the sale of seventy-nine acres of lot 120 and sixty- five acres from lot 39, or one hundred and forty-four acres in all. When he bought lot 120, containing one hundred and fort.v-five acres, he paid one thousand two hundred dollars for it. He has witnessed almost the entire settle- THE STORY OF MANITOBA 51 iiR'iit and dcvclopiiii'Ut ol' this region since it was a frontier district with only here and there a little habitation to tell that the work of civilization had already l)oen begun. 11% has lived to see the broad prairies claimed and cultivated while the work of improvement has been carried forward along all lines. Dur- ing the spring of 1865 Mr. Henderson made his first trip to St. Paul as a member of a party of thirt.y. They made the journey with ox carts loaded with furs and on the return trip carried freight. Later he made many trips to St. Cloud and other towns, hauling furs and freight. He has lived througli the period when pioneer conditions occasioned rough times. It took weeks to make his journeys to the dift'erent markets and such trips involved many hardships and privations, for he had to camp out along the way and prepare his o\vn meals as he journeyed one weary mile after another to his destination. He has always been an active man in the development of the Red River district, his labors directly and indirectly benefiting the country and leading to its further improvement. On March 24, 1869, Mr. Henderson was married to IMiss Ann Slunroe, a sistei' of James and George F. Munroe, mentioned elsewhere in this volume. They have become the parents of five children : Flora Livingston, Samuel and Marj% who reside with their parents; Christy Fraser, now Mrs. Charles Frj% of Dauphin ; and Evelyn ^Marion, the wife of David Y. Matheson, of East Kil- donan. They also have five grandchildren : John Henderson, Annie Marion and Iva Violet Fiy; and Flora Livingston and Alexander JIatheson. Jlr. Henderson gives his political indorsement to the conservative party but the honors and emoluments of office have had little attraction for him, although he h;is kept well informed on the issues and questions of the day. While the matter of holding office never was his ambition, he has proven a painstaking and efficient official, feeling that his duty as a citizen requires him to take part in the business atfairs of the municipality. He has been a member of the council for twenty-five years and for twenty years was school trustee. He is now president of the Conservative Association of the county of Selkirk, and is also vice president and a life member of the Lord Selkirk Association of Rupert's Land. Mr. Henderson belongs to the Presbyterian church at Kil- donan and aided in building its house of worship. He was for forty years a member of the trust committee of the church. He has always been one of its strong and stalwart supporters, both financially and otherwise, and his interest in moral progress has not been without beneficial results. FRANCIS A. GEMMEL. Francis A. Gemmel is secretary of the Selkirk Land iSc Investment Company, Limited, and by virtue of this position and the force of his ability and entei"- l)rise, one of the foremost men in business circles of Selkirk. The enterprise with which he is connected is one of the old business houses of the section and was incori)oi-ated in 1905, with the following officers: President, R. C. IMoody, of Selkirk; vice president, J. Grisdale, manager of the Dominion Bank of Sel- kirk; secretary, Francis A. Gemmel, of this review; manager of the farm lands department, D. ]\Iorrison, also of Selkirk. The directors are : R. M. Thomson, of Winnipeg: and R. Bullock, Dr. D. G. Ross, E, F. Comber, J. E. Mailhot and S. Stefanson, all of Selkirk. The company is extensively interested in farm lands and also does a large business in investments. "When it was incorporated it added a general agent department and has recently established a branch office in "Winnipeg under charge of R. 11. Young of that city. Much of the credit for the development and upbuilding of the Selkirk Land & Investment Company is due to Francis A. Gemmel. who has given liis unusual ability and energy to the promotion of its interests. He has made it important as a factor in general advancement and in the establishment of modern standards of busi- 52 THE STORY OP MANITOBA ness integiuty. For soiiu' tinit- he was interested in the l)usiii('ss conducted under tlie firm name of (iemiiii'l & Koi-iu'n, l)ut is now givinj; lys entire time to liis duties as secretary of the Selkirk Lanil & Investment Company and to his work as president of the Board of Trade, a position fur which lie has just been chosen. The growth and advancement of any section is directly dependent upon the condition of its business institutions. The policies by which these are con- ducted intiueuce general standards and effect the conditions which promote devdoiimcuf. Selkirk is, therefore, fortunate in having within its borders the flourishing concern of which Mr. Genunel is secretary and in numbering among its citizens such able, resourceful and public-spirited men as those who direct and control. ROBERT A. CLE.MKXT. One of the most successful and prominent liarristers at law in Brandon is Robert A. Clement, who was liorn at Cookstown, Ontario, October 21, 1870, a son of Stephen and P^leanore (Dixon) Clement, the former for twenty-one years high sheriff of his district. He died in 1!)()1. leaving a widow and nine children. After completing the usual course of studies in the primary schools of Brandon, to which he had come as a boy, Robert A. Clement was graduated from the high school in 1889 and immediately afterward entered Wesley Col- lege, receiving his degree of B. A. three years afterward. Having determined to make the practice of law his life work, he entered the firm of Akaius, Culber & Company and was called to the bar in 1895. He located innnediately in Brandon, where in the course of seventeen years he has built up a large and continually growing practice and has been very successful in its conduct. His interests, however, are not confined to his private duties for he has gi-adually become active in promoting the business progress of the city. As his financial resources grew he invested extensively in local industrial entei-prises and has realized gi-atifying results from all his ventures. He and his brother built the Clement block, the largest office building in the city, and in various other important ways Mr. Clement has been a force in the development of business activity. On September 26, 1904. ]Mr. Clement was united in marriage to Miss Madge Young, a daughter of Captain Y'oung, of Winnipeg, and they have one son, Robert Addison, Jr. Mr. Clement is a member of the Brandon Club. He is a student of the signs of the times, keeping in touch with the trend of modern thought concerning matters of genei-al interest as w'ell as of professional advancement, and he has made a creditable record in business and as a barrister has met with gratifying success in his practice. GEORGE STANLEY LAIN6. George Stanley Laing. the founder of the firm of Montague, Aldous & Laing, financial agents, and Laing, Turner & Love, chartered accounts, with offices located in suite No. 502, Loan & Trust building, is one of Winnipeg's enter- prising and highly promising young business men. Mr. Laing is a native of the province of Ontario, his birth having occurred in London in the year 1877, and a son of George and Caroline (Jennings) Laing. The father was one of the early merchants of London, where he was engaged in business until 1900, when he came to Winnipeg, of which city he was a resident when he pa.ssed away in January, 1912. In the maternal line, our subject is descended from a THE STORY OP MANITOBA 53 well known pioneer family, being tlie grandson of John Jennings, one of the early settlers of London and the first waixlen of the town. The early life of George Stanley Laing was passed amid the refiuing influences of a cultured home, his education being acquired in the public schools of his native city. Having resolved to adopt a business career, he left school at the age of fifteen and the same year, 1892, entered Jlolson's Bank of London. He was emi)loyed there in various capacities for seven years, and as he applied liimsi'lf intelligently to acquiring a knowledge of banking, became proficient in accounting and at the same time gained a good general understanding of financial al'faii's. Li the discharge of his duties he was both prompt and efficient, and tlius cai'ly gained the confidence of his employers, who manifested their appri'ciation of liis services by rapid i)roinotion. In 1896 the corporation sent iiiiu to Winnipeg, where he continued in their service for three years and dur- ing that time was advanced to the position of accountant. At the expiration of that period, in 1899, he resigned his position, and from that time until 1908 was engaged with various local mercantile firms in the capacity of accountant. lie is ambitious and enterjirising and as it was not his intention to remain an employe he was continuously striving to qualify himself to become a chartered accountant. His efforts in this direction proved succes.sful and in 1910 he was awarded his certificate from the ilanitoba Association of Chartered .Accountants. Very soon thereafter he established an office of his own and the same year formed a partnership with Montague & Aldous, iinder the name of Montague, Aldous & Laing, financial agents and auditors. They met with excellent success in the development of their business and at the end of about two years it was deemed advisable to separate the auditing department and in 1912 Mr. Laing established the firm of Laing, Turner & Love, chartered account- ants. Both companies are rapidly advancing and winning recognition by reason of their excellent business jiolicy and reliable methods, and number among tlicir patrons numy of the city's foremost citizens. iMr. Laing was married in 1906 to Miss Florence Mabel Bradshaw, a daugh- ter of the Rev. W. C. Bradshaw, of this city, and to them have been born three children, Stanley Bradshaw, Charles Buniett and Marjorie. JMr. Laing holds membership in the Winnipeg Board of Trade apd the Chartered Accountants Association, while his connection with organizations of a more i)urely social nature is confined to the Manitoba, St. Charles Country and Winnipeg Golf Clubs. He also belongs to the ]\Iilitary Institute and holds a captain's commission, having for seven years been an officer in the Ninetieth \Vinni|>cg Rifles. A pleasing personality and gra<-ious manner have been strong factors in forwarding the career of Mr. Laing, who not onl.y has the faculty of making friends but possesses the ability to retain their loyalty. Wll.Fi.'K!) A. BIGELOW, .M. D. Among tile eiitcrpi-ising. progressive and conspicuously alile piiysicians and surgeons in Brandon, who iiave founded success in their profession ujwn scien- tilic efficiency, is Dr. Wilfred A. Bigelow, who since 1907 has become one of tlu' most prominent general practitioner.s in the city. lie was born in Kings- port, Nova Scotia, November 30, 1878, and is a .son of Abraham and Amelia (Reid) Bigelow. The family is of English origin but of very old American establishment, having been founded in Watei-town, ]\Iassachus(>tts, by John Bigelow in 1627. It has the distinction of being the oldest family in the I'nited States and one of tile oldest in Canada. Tiie father of our subject was a |)rom- iiicnt siiipliuildei- and mei'chant in Nova Scotia. He died in 18!)4 and is bui-ied at Haliitant. in Kings county. His wife passed away ten years previously and is bui-icd ill the Cliurch street cemetery at Kingston. 54 THE STORY OF MANITOBA Dr. Bigclow received his primary education in the public schools of Wood- ville. Kings comity. Nova Scotia, and was graduated from the higli school in ISft.j. In July, 18J)7, he t-anie to Winnipeg: in order to enter the Manitoba iMedieal College, t'roiii which lie was graduated in li)0;5 with tlie degree of M. D. Previous to this time lie had gained some practical experience in his chosen line of work by acting as assistant in surgery to Dr. Todd for live years. After receiving his degree he practiced in the country for a short time and then determined to give more time to study, realizing that the iirofession of medicine carries with it the obligation of efficiency. He accordingly went to New York and worked in the hospitals of that city, completing his post-graduate course in 1906. In the following year he came to Brandon and opened an office at Rooms 10 and 11, ('lenient block. The success which has attended his efforts is the best in-oof of his eai)ability. Every year his practice gi-ows as the ([iiality of his work becomes more widely known and it lias assumed gratifying jiropor- tions at the present time. Always a close and earnest student of the great underlying principles of medicine. Dr. Bigelow keeps his knowledge modei-n and in touch with the most advanced thought of the profession by his member- ship in the Dominion and the J\lanitoba iledical Associations and the Surgical Association of Rochester, Minnesota. He is also on the staff of the Brandon Hospital. In Minneapolis, Minnesota, in 1907, Dr. Bigelow was united in marriage to Miss Grace Carnegie Gordon, a daughter of 'Sir. and ]Mrs. William Gordon, of Montrose, Scotland. Dr. and Mrs. Bigelow have two children, ^lary and John. The family residence is at No. 354 Twelfth street. Dr. Bigelow is prominent in fraternal circles, being a IMaster ]\Iason and a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Probably no other pro- fession demands for its successful practice such detailed preparation, such constant study and such accurate knowledge as does that of medicine, yet these requisites count for no more in the final analysis than clearness of judgment, courage and broad humanitarianism. It is his po.sses.sion of these qualities that has made Dr. Bigelow so rapidly prosperous and they will unddulitedly carry him forward to still greater future success. JOSEPH ROBERT CAMERON. In the course of thirty years' continuous identification with railroading Joseph Robert Cameron has held nearly every po.sition in this line of work from that of baggageman to assistant general manager of the Canadian Northern Rail- road, an office which he now occupies. He has become a specialist, a man of broad ability, trained in railroading, who, having already attained con- spicuous success, is destined to become even more influential and important in railroad circles. A native of Nova Scotia, he was liorn at Truro, November .5, 1865, and is a son of John and Sarah Cameron, the former a contractoi' in Nova Scotia. Mr. Cameron acquired his education in the Model School at Truro and the Halifax Business College and when he had completed his course came to Winni- peg, securing employment in the train service department of the Canadian Pacific Railway, thus entering upon a career which was destined to lead him to a high and honorable place in railroad circles. He retained his first position until 1886 and then became connected with the train service department of the Northern Pacific Railroad on the Montana division. In the fall of 1888 he moved back to Winnipeg and held a similar position on the ilauitoba division. His work in this capacity gained wide recognition and in 1896 he was appointed train master at Grand Forks, North Dakota. After the Canadian Pacific Rail- road bought out the Northern Pacific lines in Manitoba, in 1901, JMr. Cameron was sent to Winnipeg in the train service department and retained that position •lOSKI'll I!. CAMKHllX THE STORY OF MANITOBA 57 uutil tlie spring oi" 1903, when he was made assistant superintendent of con- stnietion of the Canadian Northern. In 1906 he was advanced to tlie office of superinteiulent of operating and in June, 1908, became general superintendent ol the Canadian Northern Railroad. He lield this position for three years and in November, 1911, was appointed assistant general manager, in which capacliy he is still acting. His career offers a splendid example of the power of commend- ing ability well directed. His talents gai)ied liim rapid advancement in his chosen line of work, winning him promotion from the ranks to a high place in the administrative and executive departments of I'ailroading until today he is recog- nized as an authority upon matters of methods and organization. During the course of his life he has accunuilated a comfortable fortune through judicious investment* and has some important business connections in Winnipeg. He is a director of The Public Markets, Limited; a member of the Winnipeg Joint Terminal Board, and has other interests, all of which directly or indirectly in- fluence general development. On December 10, 1885, Mr. Cameron married Miss Mary Falconer, a daughter of Jabez Falconer, of Toronto, and they have two sons and three daughters. The family is well known socially in Winnijieg and ilr. Cameron belongs to the Carle- ton Club and the Winnij^eg Automobile Club. He is recognized as a substantial and representative citizen by those with whom he has long been associated and one who from the beginning of his career has been deeply interested in the welfare of his community. He has made good use of his time and opportunities and as the years have gone by has gained prosperity, j-et his success is not measured by material gain alone but by the upright methods and high standards by which it was accomplished. FRANK LIGHTCAP. ]<'rank Liiilitcap is a successful business man now living retired, advancing llirougli individual etfort and as the result of intelligently directed activity lo a [losition where a substantial oompeteuee was his. He was born in Hazel Green, Wisconsin, on November 12, 18-18, a son of Solomon and Sarah (Lowe) Tjighteap, the former's birth occurring near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and lie was of Pennsylvania-Dutch descent. As a young man the father removed westward to Wisconsin and married Sarah Lowe, a native of Vermont. He was one of lh(> pioneei's of his section and in 1846 built the first flour mill in that i)art of the state. A little later he built a wafer mill six miles distant and conthicted both mills for nuuiy years, later, however, installinu- a roller process to substitute the old water power nmchiiu'r.v. In ills native county, when that section was a pioneer district, Frank Light- cap, who was the third in a family of eight children, spent the days of his boyhood and youth, and on February 22, 1S70, when about twenty-one years of age, he made arrangements for having a home of his own through his mar- riage to Miss Su.san Ann Williams, a daughter of J. S. and Susan (Bo.sanko) Williams. They came from Cornwall. I'higland. and wei-e ]Moneers in that section of Wisconsin. The young coupl-^ liegan their domestic life upon a farm at Hazel Green, where he carried 0!i genei'al airricultural pursuits until 187:5, in which year he removed to Dawson county, Nebraska, where he l)ought a ranch, stocking it with three hundred and fifty head of cattle, which he drove from northern Missouri. He also had eleven hundred and ninety head of sheep upon that place and conducted a stock farm there successfully until his health failed him and lie was oliliged to leave that country, seeking benefit in a change of climate. About 1880 he went to Chicago and became buyer for one of the largest hide houses of that city. On the 29th of May, 1882, he arrived in Winnipeg for the jnirpose of oi)ening a branch es1al)lishment for the Chicago hou.se. It was found, however, tluit freight rates and duty were so higli that 58 THE STORY OF :\rAXTTORA tlie l)UsiiKss was ouly coiitimu'd here for three years. Mr. Lighteap theu began buying liides as the representative of John Ilalhun, of Toronto, witli whom he continued in business for three years, when he started out independently, buy- ing hides and furs for himself. The new uiulertaking prosjiered and the business grew year by year, so that he had ae(iuired a very substantial eom- petenee when three years ago he retired from business to sjiend bis remaining days in well earned rest. Mr. and Jlrs. Lighteap became the ])a!'ents of seven ehildren. of whom four are living. Oliver F., who is engaged in the eoinuiission business in Winnipeg and is also treasurer of the malt i)lant of St. Houifaee, married ]\liss Agnes Sheridan and has three children, Olive, Jack and Margaret. Bloomie Laura has been a teacher for a number of years in the Mulvey school. Herbert U., nuirried Dora Whinnery. AVinona M., is a nmsic teacher and soloist in St. Stephen's church. One son, Elmer E., was very active in business in Winnipeg for a number of years as the secretary aiul treasurer of the IMai'tin, Hole & Wynne ("ompany. but on account of his health he went to California, where he purchased an orange ranch and there resided until his death, December 13, liin. He was married to Sliss Clara Leadlay, by whom he hatl two children, Elva L. and Everett B. Mr. Lighteap holds membership with the Ancient Order of United Work- men, gives his political- support to the liberal party and in religious faith is a Congregationalist. He manifests a public-spirited interest in all that pertains to the material, social, political and moral progress of his comnuniity. His has been a well spent life in its business activity and enterprise, diligence and deternunation. enabling him to work his wa\' upward until he is now num- bered among the substantial residents of his adopted city. DONALD ANDREW ROSS, M. L. A. Donald Andrew Ross is entitled to twofold prominence, being a recognized leader of the liberal party, now sitting for Springfield and at the same time one of the progressive business men of Winnipeg, who for a long period was the active head of the firm of D. A. Ross & Company. He was born at Nairn, ^liddlesex countj', Ontario, April 10, 1857, his parents being Donald and Mar-^aret Ross. At the usual age he entered the public schools but his text- book training was completed ere he reached the age of seventeen, for at that time he came to j\Ianitoba and was employed in the building of the first tele- graph line through this province. His experience in that connection gave him intimate knowledge of the country and its possibilities and led to his resolu- tion to seek success in the real-estate field. He was only about twenty years of age when he organized the real-estate firm of D. A. Ross & Company, under whicii name the business was conducted until Jul.y, 1910, when he retired from the real-estate business. i\Ir. Ross had siu'rounded himself with an able corps of assistants whose labors he carefully directed. His opinions are yet received as expert authority upon matters relating to real estate in this city, and the importance of the realty transfers which he negotiated placed him prominently among the foremost representatives of this line of business in the city. The cause of education has ever found in ilr. Ross a stalwart champion, his labors being very eti'ective in i)romoting the interests of the schools of Winnipeg. For more than twenty-three years he served on the school board, seeking ever to secure the adoption of high ideals in educational work that the course of training might be a thoro\igh preparation for life's practical and responsible duties. Other municipal interests have also benefitetl by his sup- port and cooperation. For eight years be was a member of the city council and for the past fourteen years has been a member of the public parks l)oard. He was candidate for lesjislativc honors in infl;i. when he contested the con- THE STORY OF MANITOBA 59 stitueney for Springtield as an iiuU'iiciulciit liberal but was unsuccessful. Such was his record iu every previous i)ui>lic capacity, however, that in 1907 and agaiu in 1910 he was elected at the general elections as a straight liberal. lie has given careful consideration to all public questions coming up for settle- ment anil his interest in the affairs of this province luis its root in a public- spirited devotion to the general good. In Kildonan, in 1S80, Mr. Koss was married to Miss Margaret ]McIvor, who belongs to an old Kildonan family, more extended mention of whom appears elsewhere in this work, her father being Donald Melvor. To Mr. and ilrs. Ro.ss have been born a son and three daughters: Donald M., who succeeded his father iu the real-estate business and now is the head of the D. M. Ross Company; Margaret, now Mrs. W. R. Wilson, of Winnipeg; JVIariou E., now Mrs. Alexan- der Patterson, of North Battleford ; and Violet A., who nuirried A. N. McNeish, of Regina. The family residence has been on Gertrude avenue since 1882, where Mr. Ross built a handsome home at No. 372. The religious faith of the family is that of the Presbyterian church. Their circle of friends is extensive and JMr. Ross finds his closest associates among the men of capability and learn- ing — men whose activities are not limited merely by personal interests but who recognize the obligations and duties of citizenship and who in all the relations of life are actuated by the spirit of progress. L. S. VAUGHAN. L. S. Vaughan, who since 1888 has been registrar at Selkirk, of this district, is one of the many men of modern times who have ba.sed success upon scientific efficiency. He is an expert engineer and surveyor, having been thoroughly trained in l>oth branches by hard, practical exix'rience. anil he has added to this detailed knowledge of land conditions and values, which makes his opinion along this line recognized as a standard authority. Mr. Vaughan was born iu Quebec and remained in that section until 1872, when he came to Manitoba and settled in Selkirk, where he has resided since that time. Each year has added to his ])romineuce and i)rosperity, for he is fortunate in possessing the industry, ability and entci-jjrising spirit which are necessary to success. Since his location here he has engaged as a surveyor and in 1888 his talents received official recognition in his api)ointment to the position of registrar. No man could do HKU'e able and effective work in this capacity than Mr. Vaughan has done during his twenty-five years of service, for he gives to the Dominion government the benefit of a practical training in everything relating to the survey and improve- ment of land and an expert's kno\vleilge of land conditions and values. His work has been invaluable as a directing force in the growth of the province and his suceess in it has i)laceil him among the true developei's and u|)builders. A. V. HEATHCOTE. A. V. Heathcote. goverimr . 1877, and is a son of Clement and Emma Heathcote, who still reside in that city. The fannly is of English origin and its male rei)re.sentatives for many generations have been ministers of the Church of I<;nglan(l. The father of our subject carries out the family tradition in .so far as he is a clerygman and he adheres to the .Methodist church. \. y. Heathcote received his ])riiiiary education in the grannuar schools of his native section and suiii)lemcnted Ibis by a course in a normal school. He laid aside his books at the age of sixteen in order to serve his ap]irenticeshiii as a marine engineer. When he had completed his term he went to sea in 60 THE STORY OF MANITOBA order to gain the practical cxjierieiice which would make his knowledge effec- tive. ReturiiiiiAMi:i, II. MrMll,l,AN THE STORY OP MANITOBA 63 been a liberal and for several terms he represented "Winnipeg Center in the provincial legislature, being made the candidate of his party in 1879. He was elected in 181S0 antl was reelected at each successive election until his term in office covered twenty years. Hon. Thomas Gi'eenway made him a member of his cabinet with the portfolio of provincial treasurer, which position he held for sevei'al years, being regarded as a very efficient cabinet officer and a tower of strength in the government. He succeeded Governor Patterson and in most satisfactory nuinner performed his duties at Government House, so that at the close of his five years' service he was reappointed for a second term. Although the provincial government is conservative, Sir Daniel in his official capacity has always been considered absolutel.v neutral and the social side of Government House has been all that could be desired by the most fastidious society critic. In Collingwood, Ontario, in 1877, Sir Daniel McMillan was united in mar- riage to ]\liss ^Farv Lindsay and they have one daughter, Eleanor Isabel, wife of Leigh N. IMcCarthy, of Winnipeg. Sir Daniel McMillan's fraternal relations are with the Masons and his social nature finds further expression in his membership in the Manitoba Club. He has a st;itesman's grasp of affairs annrposc and high ])riuciple. JOHN H. FERGITSON. Real-estate transactions are among the foi-emost connnercial activities to lu'ing about the expansion of a city, and John II. Fei-guson, who is engaged in this line of busiiu>ss. is one of those men to whom Winnipeg is indebted for its progress and present flourishing condition. His otifiees are at 506 Sterling Bank i)uildiiig. He was born in Duriiam county, Ontai'io, in 1874, and is a son of Josiiua and Jane (Hooey) Ferguson. The father was born in Ireland and at an early dat(> came to Durham county. Ontario, wliere he followed mercantile lines until his dealh in 1S74. He was highly esteemed and a snceessfid busi- ness man. and enjoyed the ccmlidcnce aiul good-will of all who knew him. 66 THE STOKV OF MANITOBA Jolm H. Ferguson was ediicalcd in Durham i-ouuty, attendiug the public schools, which he left at the early age oL' twelve years to enter upon his career, llis fii-st position was as a clerk in a hardware store, where he remained for a few years. In 1893. when nineteen years of age, he came to Treherne. ^lani- toha. wiiere for a few years he dealt in horses and later conducted a general mercantile estalilishment until 1904. He then engaged in the real-estate busi- ness, which he followed witii considerable success at Treherne until liHO. when he decided to remove to a place which olfered larger ojjportunities antl came to Winnipeg, where he has contiiuied his operations in tlie same line of business ever since. In connection with his real-estate business he also acts as financial adviser on investments. Mr. Ferguson has ac(iuired valuable knowledge of realty values of city property as well as farm laiul and his i-cputatiou is of the highest. He has built up a considerable business, although he has been located in Winnipeg only a few years, anil en.ioys the conlidence of an extensive clientage. In 1900 jMr. Ferguson was mariicil to Miss Florence Kearns, of Kirktield, Ontario, and they have four children: Enid, born in 1901; .Maud, born in 1.90;5; Kuth, born in 1905; and Moiia, liorn in 1907. His social relations are with the Adanac Club and the Assiniboine Club, both of Winnipeg. He enjoys an enviable position in commercial circles and his extensive operations in land iiave gained for him acquaintances all over the country, as he deals to a large extent in farm lands of not only ^Manitoba but all the western j>rovinces. He is a man of genial temperament, amiable, and has the quality of easily making friends. Progressive, energetic and industrious, be enjoys the good-will of all w4io know him. WILLIAM SANFORD EYANS, W^illiam Sanford Evans has left and is leaving the impress of his individual- ity upon public progi-ess and municipal interests while at the same time his carefully managed business affairs have brought him a substantial measure of success. His private interests, however, have never monopolized his time to the exclusion of the duties of citizenship and he is a representative of that pro- gressive class who are studying earnestly the vital and significant questions of the day with a view to reform and im|)rovement. To build up rather than destroy has ever been his policy manifest in evei-y relation of life. He is widely known as the former editor of the Winnipeg Telegram, as an ex-mayor of Winni- peg and as one of the leading business men of the city, his interests and actixities covering a wide scope. Mr. Evans was born in Spencerville, Ontario, December 18, 1869, his par- ents being the Rev. J. S. Evans. D. D., and Mary Jane (Vaux) Evans. After mastering the public branches of learning as a jniblic-school student he entered the Collegiate Institute of Ilamilton, afterward studied in the Victoria Uni- versity at Coburg. and completed bis course in Cohimbia I'niversity of New York city, from which he was graduated with the Master of Arts degree. W^hile in New York he was for three years, from 1894 until 1897, connected with the Society for Ethical Culture. With broad and liberal education as the founda- tion for success he entered the journalistic field in 1897 as a member of the editorial staff of the Toronto Mail and Empire, with which he was connected until 1899. In the fall of the latter year he became treasurer of the National Cycle & Automoble Company, of Toronto, but resumed his active connection with newspaper interests when in January. 1901. he removed to Winnipeg and became editor of the Winnipeg Telegi-am and president of the Telegram Pi-inting Com- pany. He continued with that paper until 1905, when he resigned and has since won for himself recognition as a prominent factor in financial circles. Through the past eight years he has been engaged in the financial agency and brokerage THE STORY OK .MANITOBA 67 business as senior jiartnur of the firm of AV. Sanford Evans & Company, now incorporated in tlie Royal Canadian Agencies, Limited, of which ^Ir. Evans is president. Somethinsj: of the extent and importance of his operations in the financial field is further indicated by the fact that he is president of the Win- nipeg Stock Exchange; the Canadian Industrial Securities Company, Ltd.; the Estevan Coal & Brick Comi)any, Ltd. ; the Gurne.y Northwest Foundry Company and the National Town Phinning & Hou.sing Association. He is vice president of the Canadian Bond & ^lortgaKe Corporation, a director of the Sovereign Life Assurance Company, and a member of the Canadian board of the Canadian Mortgage Association and secretary and treasurer of The Public JIarket, Ltd. He has made a close study of existing business condi- tion.s, ever looking be.vond the exigencies of the moment to the possibilities of the future, and his labors have been an element in promoting the general trend of progress along business lines as well as in advancing individual interests. He was the first jiresident of the Winnipeg Industrial Bureau and is still serving on its boai'd. Tie was also the first vice president of tlie I'nion of Canadian ilunicipalities, holding that position in 190!). while the following year he was chosen to the presidency. He is also actively and helpfidly interested in affairs relating more strictly to the municipal welfare, being cliairman of the Town Planning Commission and a member of the board of the Canadian Industrial Exhibition. He is still on the Winnipeg Board of Trade and that he is seeking to further the growth and upbuilding of iiis city and district is indicated by the fact that he is also president of the ^Million for ^Manitoba League. The cause of education has ever found in Jlr. Evans a stalwart cljampion and for several years he has seiwed on the board of managers of Wesley College. He was councilor of the Manitoba University and secretary of the Royal Coni- mi.ssion on the T^niversit.v question in 1907. He has been associated with the Canadian Club movement from its inception and was the first president of the first C'anadian Club at Hamilton. He was one of those who organized the Canadian Clubs at Toronto and Winnipeg and was a member of the committee who organized the Canadian Society of New York. He was elected president of the Association of Canadian Clubs for the year 1910 and at the present writ- ing, in 1912, is president of the Winnijieg Canadian Club. That he stands as one of the foremost and representative citizens of Winnipeg is indicated by the fact that he was chosen to represent the city at the funeral of King Edward, and at the coronation of King George. ]\Ir. Evans holds advanced ideas upon many vital questions and has been a close and discriminating student of those themes which bear directly upon the welfare and upbuilding of the country. He holds to the principle that in pro- portion to her wealth, population and interests Canada sliould provide defense both by land and by sea. Much attention has been paid to the magazine arti- cles contributed by Mr. Evans and he holds the distinction of being the author of the volume entitled Canadian Contingents and Canadian Tmiiei-ialism. His political support is given to the consei'vative (larty and he has always taken an active interest in its growth and success. In 1S98 he contested the constit- uency of South Wentworth in the interests of the conservative party for the Ontario house, but South Wentworth never had. nor has ever yet, been carried by a conservative. In 1904 he was also a candidate for parliament for the city of Winnipeg, but was defeated by a small ma.iorifv. In 1907 be was elected to the council of the city of Winnipeg as a member of the boai'd of control and in 1908 was elected the city's chief executive, in which connection he L'ave a business-like and public-spirited administration, as is evidenced by the fact that he was reelected as mayor in 1909 and 1910. In January. 1900, Mr. Evans was united in marriage to Miss Jlary Irene nurncy. a daughter of Edward Ourney. of Toronto. IMrs. Evans is a gifted ])ianist and has won nnich favor as a leader in musical circles. In 1SS9 .she founded the Woman's ^lusical Club of Toronto, and in 1907 was elected the first president of the Wonum's Canadian Club of Winnipeg, and has .served as a prcsi- 68 THE STORY OF MANITOBA dent of the Woman's Musical Club. She presides with gracious hosj)itality over an attractive home which is the center of a cultured society circle. Mr. and Mrs. Evans are the parents of four children, Katherine Jean, Eleanor Guruey, Edwai-d Gurney \'aux and ^Mary iMargaret. The family are adherents of the Methodist church and ^Ir. Evans is well known in fraternal and social rela- tions, lie lielongs to the ilasonic order and is a meniher of the JIanitoha, Car- leton and Adanac Cluhs. the St. (Miarles Country Club and the Winnipeg Hunt Club of \Vinnij)eg, as well as the Albany Club of Toronto. JMr. Evans is a nuui of fine i)liysique, tall, well pi'oporlioned and of pleasing pei'sonality. Although a very busy man he has always been easy of approach, willing to accord to any one the courtesy of an interview, and his agreeable manner and genuine per- sonal worth have won him many friends. ELMER E. IIAI.L. Elmer E. Hall, president and founder of The Hall Company of Winnipeg, is a man whose various corporate connections have materially contributed to the upbuilding and development of western Canada. j\Ir. Hall was born Feb- ruary 6, 1865, in Nashua, Iowa. His parents, Jacob D. and Anna M. (Brooks) Hall, were natives of New York state, but migrated to Floyd county, Iowa, about 1857, and were among the early settlers in that -portion of the Hawkeye state. Both are now deceased. Elmer E. Hall grew to manhood in what was then a new country, and early in life was initiated into the various duties that fell to a farmer boy, becom- ing thoroughly familiar with that work in all its branches. He pursued his studies in the public schools of Milfoi'd, Iowa, and for a short time taught school, but a business rather than a professional career ai)iiealed 1o him. In 1887 he was offered and accepted a position in the Commercial Savings Bank at Milford, Iowa, which was the beginning of a career in financial circles that, with its subsequent success, goes to show how fortunate is the young man who happens to find the business for which he is best fitted. Close application and capability won for him a position of greater responsibility, and in 18[)1 he became cashier of what was then the Security State Bank at Hartley, Iowa. His connection with this institution was soon reflected by a substantial growth of its bu.siness, and in 189.3 he reorganized it as the First National Bank of Hartley, continuing as cashier until 1898, when he became president, a rela- tion that he sustained until 1905, becoming well and favorably known as a most capable banker and a high-class citizen. Mr. Hall had, some years previous to this time, or in 1902, made a visit to the prairie provinces of western Canada in order to personally investigate the character of the land and the opportunity for investment. His former years on the farm in Iowa, together with his later business dealings in farm property, had equipped him as a competent judge of such values, so that he was willing to back his own judgment, the wi.sdom of which ha.s been amply shown in subsequent results. He was not long in making up his mind that western Canada was deserving of all, and a great deal more, than what had been claimed for it. Here was rich agi-icultural land — the equal in every respect of that in Iowa — and could be bought for but a fraction of the price per acre that the latter was selling for. Mr. Hall at once bought a tract of fifteen thousand acres near Hauley, Sa.skatchewan. His business interests in Iowa having been disposed of. he located at Hanley, Saskatchewan, where, in 1906, he organized The Hall Comi)anv, Limited, to do a general banking business. This business was a successful one from its inception, and gi-ew rapidly, so that in a short time liranches were established at Outlook and Elbow in that province, and subsequently the main office was opened in Winnipeg, where it now occupies commodious offices in the Great West Life building. ELMER E. HALL THE STORY OF MANITOBA 71 The ('oini);uiy has takpn a proiiiiiieiit position among the strongest financial, real-estate and investment houses, not only in Winnipeg, but western Canada as well, in all of which growth and development E. E. Hall has been the dominant factor. In lilOS he organized the Central Grain Company, Limited, of which he is president and managing director. This corporation operates a large line of elevatoi-s in Saskatchewan, conducting a general urain and commission busi- ness. Its trade interests are constantly increasing and its operations contrib- ute materially to the development of that region. Mr. Hall is also the president and managing director of the Security National Insurance Company of Canada, witli head offices at Winnipeg, and is ]iresident and managing director of the Shchlon Farm Company, Limited, which owns and operates a farm of seven thousand, six hundred and eighty acres near Ilanley, Saskatchewan, and a director of the Western Terminal Elevator Company, Limited. AVhile his inter- ests are diversified and extensive, his known capacity for business affairs makes him a valual)le factor in any enterprise with which he connects himself. Jlr. Ilall is thoroughly Canadian, living up to the belief that a man doing business in Canada, benefiting by the natural resources of the country, should become a full-fiedged citizen thereof and take out naturalization papers, as he has done. No native son is more loyal to Canada nor any more confident of the country's great future, than is Mr. Hall. On the 12th o^f October, 1892, Mr. Hall was married, at Milford, Iowa, to Miss Ella Inman, a daughter of A. D. Innum, of that place, and they are now parents of tiiree children, Carl I., Frank E. and Aileen E. IMr. and Mrs. Hall hold membersliiji in the Augustine Presbyterian church and are interested in its woi'k and liberal in its support. 'Sir. Hall belongs to the Manitoba Club, tlie St. Charles Country Club and the Winnipeg Golf Club. He has attained the Knights Templar degree in Masonry and is also a member of the ^lystic Shrine. Starting out in life on his own resources, he has followed the dictates of his .iudgment and foresight, doing as best he could anything that came to hand and seizing legitimate advantages as the.v have arisen. Fortunate in possessing ability and character that inspired confidence in others, the simple ■weight of these characteristics have carried him into important relations with large interests. WILLIAM HENDERSON. William Hcndci-son. who for eleven years has bet'U doing conspicuously able work as high shci'iff of the western judicial tlistrict of the province of Mani- tolia, was born in Xorthumbci-land county, Ontario, near Coburg, April 30, 1859. Ill* is the desceiulant of a family of old Irish origin and is a son of Robert and Martha A. (Brown) Henderson, the former a pioneer farmer in that section. Mr. Henderson received his education in the country school north of Coburg, Ontario, and laid aside his books at the early age of thirteen in order to work I'oi- the neighboring fanners. After four years he served his apiu-euticeshi]) to the blacksmitii's trade and conducted a business along this line for twelve years befoi'e he became interested in mechanics. From lS,SiS to 19(11 he worked as a machinist in Brandon and in vai'ious other cities, abandoning this occupation in oriler to acce]>t his present position of high sheriff of the western .iudicial district of the province. Since that time he has served ably and well, demon- strating in all of iiis activities a high conscientiousness, a realization of his obli- gations and a strict integrity, which make him an ideal servant of the govern- ment. .Mr, ilriidcrson is a blue lodge .Alason, and lielongs to the i'resbyterian church. Duiiiig the course of his active lil'e he has IxH'ome interested in Mani- toba lariii laiuls and has invested extensively f'-oni time to time until he holds Vol. n— 4 72 THE STORY OF :MANIT0BA several valuable tracts throuErhout the province. His public spirit takes the form of iiitt'lligeut support of inovcuu'iits for the general welfare, whether of a social, business or jioiitical nature, and he has aitled materially by his work as a director of the Fair board in the promotion or one of the most useful enterprises in the city. He is also one of the governors of the Brandon General Hospital — a typical example of the extent and variety of his interests. S. DORAN, D. D. S. One of the most ]5rominent, enterprising and deservedly successful young dentists in Manitoba is Dr. S. Doran. who since 1910 has conducted his office in the Clement })lock and in two years has built up an enviable practice. He was born at Iroquois, Ontario, March 2, 1881, and is a son of S. C. and R. V. Doran, who reside at Brandon. Dr. Doran received his primary education in the country schools of his native disti-ict and was graduated from the Brandon Collegiate lustittite in 1899. having come to this city seven years previously. For eight yeai's after- ward he operated a farm which he bought from his father but dui'uig that time spent his winters studying dentistry, liaving early been attracted to this pro- fession. He made full use of his opportunities and his degree of D. D. S. repre- sented real work, study and attainment. He was graduated in dentistry in 1910 and in the .same year located for practice in Jjrandon. where he has m(!t with the success which his careful and thorough work deserves. He is a nu'Ui- ber of the Jlanitoba Dental Association. In his political views Dr. Doran is consistently conservative but he prefers to concentrate his attention upon his professional duties and has never been active in a public capacity. Dr. Doran is still too yoiiug a man to have accom- plished his full success but his career is well begun and his many friends in Brandon do not hesitate to predict for him continued progress along profess- ional lines. .JA:\IES ALLAN MUIRHEAD. The real-estate business is one of the important portions of commercial activ- ity in a city and might be called a barometer of the general conditions of a community. It has to do more than any other business with the progress of a city and in its transactions are required men of shrewd and sound judgment, industry, energy and versatility. James Allan iluirhead, who is engaged in this business and also acts as investment broker, has offices at 65 ^lerchants Bank building, Winnipeg. A sturdy native of Scotland, he was born in Dumfi'ies in 1879, a son of Hugh and ]\Iary (Allan) Muirhead. James A. Jluirhead spent his boyhood under the parental roof and received his early education in Dumfries, later engaging in the study of law at the AVal- lace Hall Academy. Thereafter he was connected with the courthouse at Dum- fries for several years. Fired with imagination and full of ara1)ition to suc- ceed in life, he decided to seek larger opportunities in a new world and in 1903 concluded to emigrate to Canada, and in the same year crossed the Atlantic and came to "Winnipeg. The line of business which presented itself to him as offer- ing most immediate success was the field of real estate and he began to engage in this business, making a specialty ol' city property. In the years that have passed Mr. iluirhead has built up a business of gratifying proportions and has gained great experience and valuable knowledge in regard to city jn-operty. of which he makes a specialty. His advice on investments of this kind is largely solicited and he enjoys the reputation as one of the soundest judges of property THE STORY OF MANITOBA 73 of this class. Ilaviiiy iuhfi-ited tlie proverbial qualities of the Scotch race, he has combined with them the aggressive characteristics of a new country to attain a sucess which stands forth remarkable. In 1905 Mr. Muirhead returned to his boyhood home and at Dumfries mar- ried ]\Iiss ^Margaret Blake, a daughter of William and ilargaret Blake, of that city, and after a short visit returned with hi.s young bride to his new home, 'i'here has been born to them one son. ('litl'ord. -\Ir. Muirhead before he left the; land of the hills and heather had an interesting military chapter to his credit, serving as a commissioned officer in the Lanarkshire Yeomenry, and it may be said that his militai-y .training, with its aceurateness and decision, has had an influence upoir his life. The success which has come to him in the new country of the Canadian west is well merited, yet is but the outcome of char- acteristics and iiualities which make such attainment possible. JAMES FRASER. James Fraser is a representative of one of the oldest families of Manitob.a and the work undertaken by his grandfather and carried on by his father is lu'iiig conducted by him so that three generations of the family have been active ill the upbuilding of this province which stands as the monument to the enter- prise and etl'orts of such men — men who sacrificed personal interests for the puiilic welfare and who never neglected public duties in the mad desire to obtain wealth. The three generations of the family mentioned have been connected with agricultural interests although James Fraser is now retired, having left tile farm to take up his abode in Winnipeg. His grandfather, whose name he bears, came to ^lanitoba from Ross-shii'e. Scotland, about LSIS and settled in Kildouan, buying a home on lot 16, where he followed farming and erected a substantial residence. He married Ann Bannerman, a member of the well known and prominent Bannerman family of pioneer times, and a sister of Donald Ban- nerman, who was active in the at¥airs of the conununity. John Fraser, son of James and Ann Fraser, was born in Kildouan in 1819 and was educated in the schools of that district. He was reared upon his father's farm, early becoming familiar with the duties and labors incident to the development of the fields and the cultivation of the crops. Ho wedded Jane Matheson, a daughter of one of the old Selkirk families. They were the first couple among the English- spi'aking jieojile who were boi'ii, reared and married here and Countess Selkirk on the Occasion of their golden wedding sent them a teapot appropriately engraved to celebrate the ocasion. John Fraser was a prosperous farmer who like many others lived here through the period of frontier hardships and priva- tions, knowing well what it was to have to grind the gi'ain with an old haud- iiiaiic windmill and wear homesjjiui clothes. He was liberal in politics and al\va>s took an acti\e interest in tiie affairs of the municipality. At one time he lu'ld the ollice of road conuiiissioner. He, too. belonged to the Kildouan i-hurch ill which he held the office of elder, and his life was at all times actuated by the highest i)rinci])les of morality anil integrity. lie died in 1897, having for two years survived hi.s wife, who passed away in 1895. They were the parents of twelve children of whom four are living: IMrs. J. P. Matheson, a resident of Stonewall; Mrs. Neil Campbell, of Kildouan; James Eraser; and Mrs. R. J. Henderson, of Springfield, JIanitoba. James Fraser has every rea.'^on to be pr belongs to one ril' the ohlest, best known and most highly esteemed Scotch families of Kildouan. His birlh occurred in 1850 and his education was ])ursiunl in St. Johns and in the Kildiinan schools. His earlier exiieriences wei-e those that usually fall to the lot of the farm lad in the Canadian west in pioneer times and when lie put aside his text-books he took uji farming on his own account, renuiiuing on the old homestead for a time but afterward securing a claim of his own near Stonewall 74 THE STORY OF MANITOBA in Grassniere township on range 13, section 1, east. Not a furrow had been turned, nor an improvement made upon the phiee when it eame into his posses- sion, but with eliaraeteristie energy he phinneil tor its develoinuent and con- verted the tract into rich tields. To these he added more land as his financial resources increased and upon his broad acres cultivated good crops until about six years ago, when he removed to Winnipeg where he has since made his home. Since taking up his alx)de in this city he has engaged in the real-estate business and has negotiated some important realty transfers but is now living largely retired. Jlr. Pra.ser was married in 187-1 to Miss Rachel MaeArthur, a daughter of Peter MaeArthur, wlio eame from Ontario in 1874 and purelia.sed the IM. Fortune homestead whereon he lived and died. Jlr. and i\li's. Fraser have liei-ome par- ents of six children: Catherine G., the wife of Dr. P. II. JMillcr, of Morden ; Alice M., the wife of R. C. Grisdalc, of Winnipeg; J. R., who is a clerk in the assess- ment office at Winnipeg; JMargaret A. ; Janette E., who is a teacher of the Win- nipeg public schools ; and Roy H. Mr. Fraser 's study of the political issiies and questions of the day has led him to ally his forces with the liberal party. He belongs to the Ancient Order of United Workmen and his religious faith is indicated by his niembersliip in St. Giles Presbyterian church. The Fraser family has long been well known, prominent and honored in Manitoba and the record of James Fraser is in harmony with that of an ancestry honorable and distinguished. JOHN ALEXANDER M.icARTHUR, M. D., C. M. The province of Manitoba, with its pulsing industrial activities and rapid development, has attracted to its confines men of marked ability and high character in the various professional lines and in this way progress has been conserv'ed and social stability fostered. He whose name initiates this review has gained recognition as one of the able and successful physicians of the province and by his labors, his high professional attainments and his sterling characteristics has justified the respect and confidence in which he is held In- the medical profession and the general public He was born in Lobo town- ship, Middlesex eount.y, Ontario, a son of Archibald and Christina MaeArthur, who were from the highlands of Scotland. Dr. MaeArthur supplemented his public-school course by study in the Sem- inary of Middlesex and was gi-aduated M. D., C. M. from j\[cGill University \^'ith the class of 1886. He received the degi-ee ad eundum M. D., C. M. from IManitoba University, but previous to coming to Winnipeg had engaged in the practice of bis profession in Clinton, Iowa. Since 1881: he has resided con- tinuously in Winnipeg and is one of the eminent medical practitioners of the west. He has ever continued a close student of the science of medicine and his broad knowledge and notable skill in practice are evidenced in the honors which have been conferred upon him by the medical fraternity. He was presi- dent of the W^innipeg Medico-Chirurgical Association in 1903-4 and is a mem- ber of the Canadian Medical A.ssociation, wliieh he represented as vice president for Manitoba in 1902-3. He belongs to the Briti.sh Association for the Advance- ment of Science and the American Public Health Association. He also belongs to the International Association of Railway Surgeons and aside from an exten- sive private practice was surgeon for the Northern Pacific & Manitoba Railway from 1888 until it became a Canadian Northern property. He is physician and surgeon to St. Boniface Hospital and consulting physician to the Winnipeg General Hospital. As a medical educator his fame has spread abroad, for he is professor of diseases of children in the Manitoba Medical College, and for- merly professor of medical jurisprudence and toxicology in the same institution. .luiix A. M \i Ai; rill i;. \i. i>. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 77 In Montreal, in 1872, Dr. JIae Arthur was married to :Mi.ss Lucile C. Casey. His wife was a near relative of the Hon. Jefferson Davis, president of the southern Confederacy. A distinguished artist, two of her paintings were accepted in the Paris salon of 1888, two wei'e exhibited at the Royal Canadian Academy's meeting at IMontreal in 1893 and two at the AVorld's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. Mrs. MaeArthur died at sea May 28, 1902, while return- ing to Canada after a visit to Scotland. Dr. ilacArthnr is well known in various fraternal and social connections and lie is interested in the pi-oblems of the time as they atfect the welfare and progress of the individual, the city and the country at large. He has been president of the local branch of the Doiinnion Alliance and of the Winnipeg St, Andrews Society. He is president of the Playgoers Society and is deeply interested in the question of the elevation of the stage. Pleasure and recrea- tion are sought, in the fields of music, art, lacrosse and cricket and he enjoys the friendship and comradeslnp which come to him through his membership in tlie Canadian. Manitoba, Carleton and Commercial Clubs. He also belongs to the ^Masonic fraternity and to the Baptist church. His political views accord with the principles of the liberal party and he is a i^ast president of the Winni- peg Liberal Association, while m 190-1: and 19(,)7, as the liberal candidate, he contested the constituency for center Winnipeg for the Manitoba legislature. His interests are thus broad and varied and yet his activities center upon his profession. He is an extremely busy and successful practitioner, constantly overburdened by demands for his services. He is a man of the highest and purest character, an industrious and ambitious student and a gifted teacher. Genial in disposition, unobtrusive and unassuming, he is patient under adverse criticism and in his expressions concerning brother practitioners is friendly and indulgent. W. A. DONALD. To various business interests and activities W. A. Donald has given his attention and in all has won success. At the present time he is living practically retired, spending the summer seasons at Virden while the winter months are passed at the Prince Edward Hotel, in Brandon. His identification with this province dates from January, 1882, when he came to Manitoba from Orange- ville, Ontario. He was born in the county of Northumberland, near Campbell- ford, June 9, 18-19, his parents being Alexander and Jean (Scott) Donald. The father was a merchant of Ontario and passed away in the opening decade of the present century at the age of eighty-two years, his remains being interred by the side of his wife, in the St. Andrew cemetery in Seymour, east Ontario. W. A. Donald aecpiired his preliminary education in the public schools of Ids native town and afterward attended the grammar school at Kingston, On- liii'io. and (Queens College at Kingston, from which he was graduated in 1873 witli the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He then became assistant i)rineipal of the Almont high school and afterward was ajipointed by the school tioard of Ren- frew as principal of the high school there, occujiying that position for fifteen months, beginning in 1S7.5. He regarded teaching, however, merely as an initial step to other professional labor and, turning his attention to the study of law, was at length called to the bar and began practice in Orangeville, Ontario, where he remained as an active representative of the profession for a few years. He then came to Manitoba, spending six months in Winnipeg, and thence removed to Pilot ]\Iound, where he continued in the active practice of law until June. 1899. He then l)ecame a partner in the establishment and conduct of a i)rivatc bank which became well known under the tiriii name of Frasei- & Company. This they conducted successf\dly until 1907, when they sold to the Bank of Toronto, They were also associated in other business engagements, 78 THE STORY OF MANITOBA including the building of an elevator and the conduct of the gi'ain trade. For about eight years they carried on business as grain merchants and also main- tained a tire insurance antl real-estate department, buying and selling land exclusively. Along all these lines Mr. Donald met with success, his sound judgment being nuuiifest in his labors. He never feared to venture where favor- ing opiiortunity led the way. yet was never actuated by the spirit of "vaulting ambition'' which overleaps itself and falls on the other side. lie has always seemed to readily realize the possibilities of any business situation and, utiliz- ing the opportunities to the fullest e.\tent, he has nuule continuous progress in the business world toward the goal of prosperity. ilr. Donald was married in Orangeville, July -i, 1883, to Miss Lucie Holden, a daughter of James and Kuth (Freeman) Holden, the former a well known druggist of Guelph, Ontario. Both are deceased, the father having been laid to rest in Orangeville, while the mother's grave was made in Pilot JMouud, Manitoba. ]Mr. aud Airs. Donald Jiave one daughter, Una Florimel, tiie wife of A. M. II. Smith, a prominent barrister of Manitoba aud the former partner of Mr. Agnew, later provincial ti'easurer. Mr. aud Airs. Smith have one ilaugh- ter, Frances Donald Smith. Mr. Donald is a public-spirited citizen, interested at all times in the progress and welfare of the city and province in which he lives. For about eight years he was a member of the board of examiners for Ontario teachers while living in the east and after his removal to Manitoba served on the board of education for the l)rovinee. He was likewise a member of the university council of Manitoba appointed by the provincial government, representing the southern i)art of the province. At one time he was treasurer of the municipality of Loui.se, Mani- toba. In politics he is a conservative, giving stalwart support to the principles in which he believes. Fraternally he is a Master Alason of Minden Lodge of Kingston, Ontario, and he belongs also to the Presbyterian church of Pilot Mound, of which he has been treasurer for fifteen years. His interests are broad aud varied and all of his activities have had either direct or indirect bearing upon the welfare aud progress of city or of pioviuce. His infiueuce is always found on the side of right, justice, truth and improvemeut and, moreover, his record indicates what may be accomplished when determination and euergy lead the way. ISAAC RILEY. In 1877 Isaac Riley, coming as a pioneer to Manitoba, made the first settle- ment in the Stonewall district and since that time has been closely associated with the material, political and moral advancement of the section and deeply interested in its general grow^th. His ability enabled him to make ready use of the opportunities which arose from his environment and the conditions of his life and it has brought him a substantial degree of material success which is only equaled by the respect and honor in which he is held by the people who have been his associates or who have had any relations with him. Mr. Riley was born in Perth county, Ontario, November 15, 1853, aud is a son of Charles and Susan (Nixon) Riley, natives of Ireland, who came to Ontario about the year 1832. The father farmed in the province for a number of years and died upon his property. He and his wife had sixteen children, twelve of whom are still living. Isaac Riley grew up on his father's farm in Ontario and remained in the province until 1876. In that year he came to Manitoba, settling in Winnipeg, whence after one year he moved to what is now Stonewall, being the first set- tler in the district". Since that time his interests have been thoroughly identi- fied with those of the locality and his ability and resourcefulness have carried him forward into important connections with general activity. Many of the THE STORY OF MANITOBA 79 coucenis wliidi are now established institutions owe their expansion and up- buikliny: to his organizing tak'ut and even today business standai'ds in Stone- wall show the intiuenc-e of his higli integrity and sincerity ot" purpose. For a gi"eat many ycai's he has been eonneeled with the lumber business but this forms only one of his extensive connectious. In LS80 he built the first hotel in Stone- wall, which he called the Canadian Pacific hotel, and for seventeen years was active in its management. A spirit of enterprise and determination has intiu- eneed him in all of his work and has made him one of the most prominent, suc- cessful and influential men in the seetion where he has resided for over tliirty- six years. Mr. Riley married iliss Laura M. I'oore, a native of the county of Kent, Ontario, and a great-granddauglitei' of Ijord Secor. They have four children : John ]\le]vin. registrar of deeds at Stonewall; William Dvson, who is associated with his father in the lumber business; and Mary and Grace, who live at home. Mr. Riley is well known in political life of the Stonewall district and held many minor official positions before he was elected a member of the provincial parliament. His work in this office has been influenced by his progressive spirit, liis t>nergy and his comprehension of the conditions and needs of the district which he re])resents and has won him wide recognition as a disinterested worker for the general welfare. Mr. Riley is a man of rare public spirit which he has the iiower and al)ility to nmke effective. lie learned independence and resource- fulness when he faced the hardsliips of i)ioneer life and by practical application of these qualities has become prominent and successful in a useful and lasting way. HON. H. F. CALDWELL. One of the most prominent men in political, agricultural and business circles of the I)au])hin district is II. F. Caldwell, mayor of Dauphin, owner of a fine farm of six thousand acres and proprietor of one of the most profitable and flourishing general merchandise stores in the city. The success and import- ance which he lias gained in any one of these lines would be sufficient to place liim among the representative men of his section but his combined interests make him one of the greatest individual forces in general upbuilding and ad- vancement. He was Iwrn in Orchard, Grey county. Ontario, December 16, 1857, a!id is a son of Thomas and Eliza (Kidd) Caldwell, the former a pioneer mer- cliant of Orchard, where he conducted a general store from 1852 until his death in ISGS. TIk' l)usincss was continued until 1S74 by the n;other of our sub- ject and unlil 1S99 by the subject of this review and his brother. Tliomas Cald- well is buried in Jlaplewood cemetery. His wife survived him luatil 1907 and is buried at Orangeville, Ontario. The family is of Scotch origin but its represen- tatives have been in this country for some time. H. F. Caldwell received his education in the public schools of Ontario and laid aside his books at the age of sixteen in order to carry on his mother's mer- cantile business, in which he was activel.v engaged until 1809. During this time he was also identified to a large extent with farming aiul specialized in the breeding of Ayi'shii-e and Jersey caltle. In 1899, liowever, he abandoned tliese interests and came lo ]\lanitoba. where he started in the mercantile business, dealing at iirst in groceries, flour and feed, but later developing the enterprise into a general store, in the conduct of which he is still actively interested. His business success and his unusual accompli.shment along this line have led him into important relations with the commercial interests of the city. He is a partner in the livery business operated by the firm of Caldwell & Willis, is a councillor of the Board of Ti-ade and chairman of the city advertising conunittee. In 1901 ^Ir. Caldwell became interested in scientific farming and stock- breeding. His first purchase of land was one hundred and sixty acres, which 80 THE STORY OP MANITOBA he developed aud improved, following the newest and most progressive methods. He has added to his holdings from time to time and now owns six thousand acres, tliree thousand of which are under cultivation, under tlie direct man- agement of Mr. Caldwell. He has e(iui])pcd his farm with almost every known device in farm nuichiuery and has over four thousand dolhirs invested in a gaso- line outfit to facilitate the work of the tiehls. His sut'ccss in agricultural pur- suits is the direct result of this detailed efficiency comliined with industry, en- terprise and perseverance. ^Ir. Caldwell is also extensively interested in breed- ing, raising and fattening high-grade stock, keeping one liundred and ten tine horses and large herds of Sliorthorn cattle. On April 28. 1S86. :Mr. Caldwell married Mi.ss Eliza Finder, a daughter of !Mr. aiul Mrs. William Finder, pioneers in Ontario. The parents are both de- ceased and are l)iu-ied in Mai)lewood cemetery, near Orchard. Mr. and Mrs. Caldwell have six children : Charles F., who received the degree of B. A. from Wesley College of Winnipeg and wlio is now studying law; Henry, who is assisting his father in the management of the farm; Grace, a graduate of the Collegiate Institute and a teacher in the IMount View school ; Winnifred, also a graduate of the Collegiate Institute ; and AVilford and Lola, students in the Collegiate Institute. The family are members of the IMethodist church. Mr. Caldwell is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and belongs to the Sons of Scotland. He keeps in touch with modern advancement in agricultural methods by his membership in the Dauphin Agricultural Society, of wliicli he is president. He has a firm lielief in the future of the city and the district and has invested extensively in town property which he has improved, erecting his own office building, a large business block and live residences. In 1910 he was elected mayor of Dauphin aud in three .vears has eft'ectively justi- fied the choice of the people by advocating, advancing and promoting many movements for the public welfare. During his administration the city has thrived and prospered, needed improvements have been made and a step taken in municipal progress. No name is more honored in the city and throughout the surrounding district than that of II. F. Caldwell, agriculturist, merchant aud man of affairs. DR. JAMES COWAN. One of the upbuilders and developers of this part of the province was the late Dr. James Cowan, of Portage la Prairie, pioneer physician and beloved citizen, whose eminently long and useful life was terminated in 1910. Dr. Cowan was born on August 20, 1831, in Tyrone, Ireland, a son of Joseph Cowan, a farmer, and received his education in the Hibernian Academy at Five Mile Town in County Tyrone, and afterwards taught school for one and one-half j'ears before leaving home. He came to Canaila in 1850, and after one winter spent at ilontreal located in Ontario, where he again started school teaching. He continued in this line for six years, during which time he studied medicine, and afterwards practiced in Harrison, Ontario, for eleven years. In 1871 Dr. Cowan came to Manitoba, coming by way of St. Paul, ilinne- sota, and down the Red river. He located at Portage la Prairie and bought the practice of Lynch & Jacques and continued active in his profes.sion for two years, after wdiich he purchased a sawmill outfit, which he set up at Assiniboine, this being the first sawmill in that section. After a year, however, he sold out his interest in this concern and resumed the practice of liis profession, and was also extensively and successfully engaged in land dealing. The early life of Dr. Cowan was one filled with hardship and trials, wliicli he met bravely and overcame with courage. He was the only physician west of Winnipeg and drives of fort.v and sixty miles were not uncommon. Often he did not know whether or not he could make his way back through the JAMES (X)WAN THE STORY OP MANITOBA 83 lilizzards which obliterated the trails. Gradually, however, he built up a large practice, aud was wideh- beloved for his signally unselfish life. He remained active in his profession until about lH'J-i, when he retired, his practice being relin(iuished to his sou, Dr. Samuel B. Cowan, one of the leading physiciaus of Portage la Prairie. Dr. James Cowan always took an active interest in political affairs, and besides serving as coroner for the province for a number of years, was for seven years an altle and influential member of the provincial legislature. In former years his support was given to the conservative party, but later he became independent, voting for those men and measures which he believed to be most conducive to the general good of the comimniity at large. He held membership in the Church of England. He was married in Harrison, Wellington county, Ontario, to Miss Janet Broadfoot, a resident of that place, and they became the parents of the follow- ing childien: Samuel B., who is a physician; Harry J., an attorney; Mary J., who is now Mrs. John O'Brien; and Thomas II., a farmer. All are residents of Portage la Prairie. R. H. GTLHULY. R. H. Oilhuly, postmaster of Selkirk and well known in business circles of the city as proprietor of a drug store, was born in Carleton Place, Ontario, in 1857. He spent his early life in that section and came to Manitoba in 1881, settling in Selkirk. Here he established himself in the drug business in 1885 wilii which lie has been connected since that time. He has a modern and well appointed store and keeps his stock complete in every detail, giving a great deal of liis attention to the more popular lines of goods in which he deals. In 1887 he was ajipointed postmaster of Selkirk and has since been discharging his duties with the systematic and careful attention which marks him as a con- scientious public official. Mr. Gilhuly has been twice married. His first wife was in her maidenhood Miss Margaret ^lorrison, who died in June, 1894. She became the mother of three children: Margaret, who married C. V. Kennedy, of Saskatchewan: H. Roy, a civil engineer; and Norma Gladys, who died in infancy. In 1898 ]\Ir. Gilhuly mai-i'ied ^lary ^Morrison, sister of his first wife, and to this union were born four children: Ian K., who lives at home; Allan; Cecil M., who died in infancy: and (ieorge. Necessarily a man of jMr. Gilhuly 's ability and energj- has been drawn in tlie course of years into important relations with business iuterests of his sec- tioTi. For two years he was manager of the Manitoba Telephone system and also (lid alili' work as telegraph manager of the Canadian Pacific Railroad. He has served as jiresident of the local Board of Trade. He is well known in this sec- tion, whei'e he has resided for thirty-two years. During the time all of his activities have been influential factoi's in general develoiuiient and have marked him as an able man, sincere in his purposes and effective in his j)ublic spirit. FREDERICK CHARLES HUBBARD. Frederick Charles Hubbard, who was called to the Manitoba bar in 189;i. since which time he has continuously engaged in general practice, was born in Ipswich, Hniiland, August 9, 1872. his iiarents being George William and .Margaret (Pagi') Hubbard. The father is chief elei'k of the probjite cmirt at Ipswich where the family .still reside. 84 Till'; STOKV OF MANITOBA As a publiL'-SL'hool sludcul in Ipswich Frederick Charles Iluliliaiil inastend tile eoiiuiioii hraiR-lu's ol" learning and in 1890, when a young nian of eighteen years, lie eainc to Manitoba where for two years he eiigagecl in I'ariiiing. On the expiration of tliat jieriod he took up his ahoile in AViiiiiiiieg, having deter- mined on the i)raetiee of law as his life work, and with that end in view he became a student in the office of Andrews & I'itblado. distinguislied liai'i'isters, who dircctetl liis reading until he was called to the bar of Manitoba in 181)9. Immediately afterward he entered upon an independent practice. His advance- ment tlierefoie was due entirely to his individual aliility, his close study, iiis clear and careful analyzatiou and his strong presentation of his cases. Jlr. Hubbard's clientage is now large and of an important character, ami his devo- tion to tile interests entrusted to him is proverliial. Keco,mii/,iug the duties and obligations as well as tlic privileges of citizenshi]), lie lias given earnest support to the principles of government in which he lias belief a.s factors in public welfare. He is a conservative and has always taken an active part in elections, though never himself seeking otifice. During the first two years of its existence he was treasurer of the Young Men's Conservative Association. He has for the past twelve years been a member of the AVinnipeg public-school board and is a stalwart champion of the cause of education. In St. Luke's church, in Winnipeg, on the 15th of June, 1898, ilr. Hubbard was married to Miss Edith Anna Iveson, a daughter of John and Elizabeth Iveson, who were among the early residents of Winnipeg. To them has been born a son, Frederick George. jMr. Hubbard belongs to the Carleton Club and is an exemplary member of Prince Rupert's Lodge. No. 1, A. F. & A. M. The entire period of his manhood has been passed in Mauitolia and gradually he has worked his way upward. Along with those cpudities indispensable to the bar- rister—a keen, rapid logical mind plus the business sense and a ready capacity for hard work — he brought to the starting point of his legal career certain rare gifts; an excellent personality, marked strength of character, a thorough grasp of the law and ability to correctly apply its princiiiles, are factors in his effectiveness as an advocate. HENRY GEORGE PICKARD. U. D. Dr. Henry George Pickard, who is doing capable and valuable work as health officer of the city of Brandon, w-as born in Bruce county, Ontario, March 13, 1869, and is a son of Thomas and Frances Pickard. The family is of British origin, but its representatives have been in Canada for several genera- tions. The father of our subject is residing retired in Toronto and was a prominent lumber man and saw miller in. Bruce county, Ontario. His wife died in Bruce count.v, Ontario, in 1876. Dr. Henry Pickard received his primary education in the public schools of his native section and was graduated from the Walkerton (Out.) high school, at the age of twenty. He spent four years afterward teaching school and then entered the medical department of Trinity University at Toronto, from which he was graduated with the degree of M. D., in 1895. He started practice in the following year in "Wellington county, Ontario, and from 1898 to 1905 resided in Desboro, Grey County, in the same province, where he built up a large patronage. From Desboro he went to Minto. where he practiced with increasing success until he came to Brandon as city health officer, assuming his duties in 1911. In one year he has effectively demonstrated his ability as a physician and his power to make that ability effective in a public way. In Rothsay, Ontario, on June 22, 1898, Dr. Pickard married Miss Henrietta Edmison, a daughter of Rev. Henry Edmison, a Presbyterian minister in that town. They have five children : Henry, who is a student in the Collegiate Insti- tute ; Prances and George, who ai'e attending school ; and Edgar and Albert. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 85 Dr. Pickard is ])roiiiinent in the affairs of llu> Canadian Order of Foresters. He keeps in toueli witli tlie trend of modern thout;iit in his profession by his nienihership in the Canadian Pulilie Health Association and in the ^Manitoba I\li'dical Association. Altliough he has resided in the city only a short time his qualities of mind and chai'aeter Jiave gained him many friends while his undoubted ability and skill as a physician have made him honored and esteemed by his fellow practitioners. K. E. SPEAKMAN. Ever since completing his apprenticeship in 1876 R. E. Speakman has been an active civil engineer and his great success in this profession is another proof of the value of specialization. I\Ian\' cities in many provinces have profited by iiis skilled labor and his expert work along lines of municipal sanitation and Brandon is more than usually fortunate in having induced him to give to the city the advantage of his speeiallj- trained mind, his talent and experience as city engineer. I\Ir. Speakman was horn in Cheshire, England, January 2, 1857, and is a son of Thomas and Martha Speakman, deceased, who are buried in the "Wyliunbury cemetery, Cheshire. R. E. Speakman was graduated from the Shreusbury (England) grammar sciiool in 1876 and in the same year was ajiprenticed as a civil engineer. After completing his tr;iining he was for some time manager of several large estates in England, looking after them in a professional way. After coming to Canada in 1S!)2 he settled in Brandon where he immediately became connected with the installation of the city sewage and waterworks system. This work was com- pleted in 1895 and in the same year Mr. Speakman went to Toronto, where, until 1898, he acted as engineer for the Elias Roger's Coal Company, aiding the consti'uction of the largest coal plant in Caiuida. In the same year he formed a partnership with John Gait, also a civil engineer, and founded an indepcnd an offer of a similar i)osition in Victoria, Bi-itish Columbia. He was al>out to acce[)t it when the council of the city of Brandon ofiVred him special inducenu'nts to remain. Since that time he has done important work in numy dift'erent lines in the city beside constructing the large bridge which has already brought an extensive volume of traffic into the city. Mr. Speakman also installed the sewage system, made extensive alterations and improvements in the water- woi'ks system, designeil the city railroad system, now under construction and sui)eriiitended the paving of all the principal streets in Braiulon. These are a few of his more tangible accomplishments. What he lias done in raising stand- 86 THE STORY OF MANITOBA ards of efficiency, in promoting municipal pride and loyalty, and in awakening the civic conscience cannot well be estimated. Mr. Speakman is a conservative in liis political beliefs and takes an active interest in local affairs. lie is a nieinber of the Church of England. In the line of his work he belongs to the (_'anadian Society of Civil Engineci-s. the American Society of Civil Kngineers. the Anurican Waterworks Association, and formerly belonged to the Institution of Civil Engiueer.s of London, Eng- land, and thus he keeps in touch M'ith the advanced thought of the profession. ]\Iore than tliis, the work which he has done and which he is continuing to accoiii])lish is rapidly placing him among the successful few who form and mold it. HODGSON WILBERFORCE HUTCHINSON. There are few men whose lives indicate more clearly the possibilities for succes-sful accomplisliment through industry, jierseverancc and unabating energy than that of Hodgson Wilberforce Hutchinson, the managing director of the John Ueere Plow Company at Winnipeg and a factor in the control of many of the most important financial, commercial and industrial undertakings of the province. Possibilities and difficulties have seemed to act with him as an impetus for renewed effort and well defined plans for effecting their fruition in prosperity, by reason of his executive force and administrative ability. Hodgson Wilberforce Hutchinson is a native of the province of Ontario, his birth having occurred in Clark township. Durham county, October 2(1, 1862. His father, Robert Hutchinson, who at one time conducted a general mercantile store at Durham, is now collector of customs at Listowell, Ontario. He has long survived his wife, Mrs. Victoria (Hodgson) Hutchinson, who died during the infancy of her son, H. W. Hutchinson. In the public schools of his native county the subject of this review began his education, which he continued in Albert College of Belleville, Ontario. His initial business training was received in his father's store, where he remained for two years, but since December, 1882, he has been connected with the busi- ness interests of Winnipeg and ]\lanitol)a. He was first employed in this city as bookkeeper for David Maxwell, an implement manufacturer, and such was his capability and titlclity that on the 1st of June, 1884, he. was made manager of the business and so continued until November 1, 1888, when he became identified with F. A. Fairchild & Company, whom he represented as manager until May 1, 1895, when the business wa.s taken over by the Fairchild Company, Limited, and reorganized as a joint stock company. At that time ilr. Hutchin- son was made secretary-treasurer and manager and following the demise of Mr. Fairchild in October, 1898, he was appointed general manager of the business and so continued until July, 1900, when he succeeded to the presi- dency. In 190i he became the owner of a controlling interest in this enterprise which he carried on under the old firm name until the 31st of December, 1907, when the business was taken over by the John Deere Plow Company. Mr. Hutchinson became cjuite extensively interested financially in the new enter- prise and resumed the management in addition to the duties of the vice presi- dency of the company, still acting in the dual capacity. His interests in that connection are broad and important and yet by no means indicate the scope of his activities. lie is financially interested and is active in the control of many other business concerns, being now president of the Mortgage Investors, Ltd., the Con.solidated Mortgage Company and the Brockville Atlas Motor Company of Brockville; vice president of the John Deere Plow Company, Ltd.. and the Anchor Wire Fence Company, both of Winnipeg; the Port Arthur Wagon Company, of Port Arthur; the Dalton Manufacturing Company of Toronto; and the Security Investment Company II. w . iiri'( iiixsdN THE STORY OF MANITOBA 89 of AViiiuipeg. His name is also ou the directorate of the Xoi'th Empire Insur- ance Company, the Chandler-Fisher Company, Ltd.. and the Dominion Hank, all of Winnipeg; the Estevan Brick & Coal Company, of Estevau; the tirm of Deere & Company of Moline, Illinois; and the Dain Manufacturing Company, of Wellnnd, Ontario. In lis,s6 occured the marriage of Mr. Hutchinson and Miss Margaret Mae- lean, a daughter of A. D. Maclean, of AVinnipeg. JMrs. Hutchinson died in January, 1897, and on the 2;kl of August, 1899, he married Charlotte Isabel Macgregor, of Hamilton. Ontario, by whom he has one son, Walter Macgregor. Mr. lIutchin.son is actively interested in fraternal affairs, holding member.ship in Ancient Landmark Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and with the Woodmen of the AVorld and the Banner Workmen. In polities he indorses the liberal party and in club circles he is known as a member of the Manitoba, St. Charles Coimtry and (^anadian Clubs, all of this city. His religious faith is that of the Method- ist church and he is the treasurer and one of the ti-ustees of the Broadway Methodist church of W^iniiipcg. He is likewise a member of the board of gov- ernors of W^esley College and the executive of the college board. Humanitarian principles figure largel.v in his life and his many connnendable characteristics have won for him the admiration and high regard of those with whom he has been associated. He has made wi.se use of time and talents and opportunities and as the .rears have passed he has achieved what he has undertaken nor has he limited his efforts to .successful accomplishment in one direction. On the I'ontrary, he has called forth his activities along many lines and has featured largrly in [Ji-omoting \Vinnii)eg"s growth ami prosperity while at the same time he has ailvanced his individual interests. CHARLES W. BAKER. Charles W. Bakci- has l)een engaged in the real-estate business in the cit.v of Winnipeg since 1910 as a member of the firm of Baker & Robinson, with offices at 704 McArthur building. The.y deal strictly in city property and Mr. Baker has ac(|uired in the few years which he has been a resident of this city a valu- alilc knowledge of realty values and his advice on investments of this kind is niueli sought after. He was born at AuKsville, Ontario, in 1875, a son of Oreu an ])roportions and their profits are gratifying. Air. Baker is hcai'l and soul in the business and his spirit of iiggressivencss. his industry, his versatility and geniality of nuiniier have been hire-ely instrumental in secni'iiig clients for the fii'in. hi 1912 Air. Baker organized the Business Men's Investment Company and of this fii-m \u' starves as maiKiger. 90 THE STORY OP MANITOBA In l!i(i4 Mr. Baker was united in niairiaiie ti> ]\Iiss Edna JIaeintyre. a dauirlitcr of Laehlaii ('. ]Maeintyre. who is iuanay:in^ director oL" tlie Paulin- Chanil)ers I'onipauy of AViunipeg. Jlr. and i\Irs. Balunted I\itles. and served as such for two years. In 1910 he was commissioned lieutenant and in 19l;l was gazetted captain of tli(> Thirty- fourth Fort Garry Horse, with headquarters at Winnipeg. 02 THE STORY OF MANITOBA. On the 4th of Octol)er, 1911, IMr. ^leMeans was united in marriage to Miss Katheriue Maedouald. a daughter of Judge D. A. Maedouakl, K. B.. of Winni- peg. He is a member of the Alilitary Institute. His tastes and inelinations run along athletics and lie takes a deep interest in various outdoor sports. He was lor a nuiiiher of years a meiiiher of the Victoria Hockey Team. This club has acipiii'ed wry high stantliiig and he is very proud of his inemhcrshij) therein. In ins fratei'iud i-elations Mr. JMc^Means is a iIa.son, holdiuii- nicinbership in Assiniboine Lodge, No. 114, A. V. & A. ^I. He belongs also to .Minnehaha Lodge. No. 7. I. O. 0. F. Althougli young in years, his industry and energy are gaining for him gratifying results and he has made a creditable business record and steady i)rogress. His sterling traits of character and his winning ([ualities have won the confidence and regard of the public and in that way he has been largely instrunienlal in >;aiiiing patronage for the firm of which he is a member. VICTOR MAGER. By right of ability, long residence and pojndarity Victor ^lager is now serv- ing as president of the Pioneers Association and also has membership with the Old Timers of "Winnipeg. Hardly had the work of civilization and development been begain in this district leading to the present day progress and prosperity ere he became a sharer in the work wliich has converted a frontier village into a metropolitan center. He was born in lS4f) in the province of Lorraims then a part of France, but in 1870 conquered l)y Germany, and arrived in this coun- try on the 25th of Jidy, 1859, when a youth of ten years. The family, consisting of the father. Jean ]\Iager, the mother and five chil- dren, left Lorraine in September, 1858, and passed the first winter on the American continent in St. Paul, i\Iinnesota. In the spring the .journey was made witli oxcarts to Red River Settlement — now Winnipeg, which destina- tion was reached after twenty-four days of travel, Walhalla, North Dakota, lieing one of the towns on the way. One incident of the .iourne.\' whii-h Mr. ]Mas;er recalls vividly is when their party consisting mostly of half-breed freighters met with some Sioux Indians a few miles from Walhalla. Although the "Metis" and Indians were at peace at this period, it was deemed wise by the freighters to lie on their guard, and that night, the "ring" was made which consisted in forming the camp in a circle with the carts on the outside. Nothing happened, however, to mar the trip but this simple episode should cer- tainly impress our readers with the debt of gratitude this and succeeding gen- erations owe to those intrepid pioneers who at the risk of their lives have made po.ssible the harvest of prosperit.v and wealth, which their successors are reaj)- ing. On their arrival liere the family took up their residence in St. Boniface, where after a laliorions and successful career the father died in 1891. at the ripe old age of eight,v-six years. Before leaving p]urope Victor ^lager was educated in the French and Ger- man schools of his native district and following the arrival of the family in St. Paul, there continued his education and gained his first knowledge of the Ensilish language. In 1860 he entered St. Boniface College, where he remained as a lioarder for six years, his liberal educational training well (|ualifying him for onerous and responsible duties in latei' life. When his school life was ended he became engaged in Inisiness with his father and later they acrpiired the ownership of a sawmill and gristmill on the river. %\-here the hospital now stands. After being activel.v connected with the conduct of that liusines.s for four or five years Victor Mager left home and in 1872 purchased fifty acres of land, being lot 108 of the parish of St. Boniface, then part of the municipality of St. Boniface. To this he added, as his financial resources increased, until within the boundaries of his property were comprised one hiindred and thir- VICTOR JIAGER THE STORY OP MANITOBA 95 tt'en acres, all of -wliieh is now .sub^lividi'd aiul laid out iu building lots. In the year of his first purchase, 1872, he began gardening but iu that year and the three succeeding years grasshoj^pers destroyed everything that he planted. Such a condition was discouraging, yet he met his losses with fortitude and persevered in the task which for forty years thereafter proved a profitable source of income, Mr. Mager being numbered among the most successful gar- deners of this district. lie possesses natural ability as a salesman, so that he was able to market his crops at a gootl profit. He always saw to it that his products were of the highest standard of excellence, in fact, his was a model garden and natural prosperity atteuded his labors. He ever sought methods which would improve his work and add to the efficiency of his labors and his perscverauce made him one of the leading gardeners of this section of the proviuce. For luauy yeai's he was a member of the Agricultural Society and about leu years ago organized the Market (iardeners' Society for the protection aiul mutuid benefit of those engaged in that line of business. This society is still in existence with his son, Gustave I\Iager, as the secretary aud treasurer ami (Jeorge T. Chai)iuan, of St. James, as the president. In November, 1870, ]Mr. I\lager was married to Miss Elizabeth Emmerling, a daughter of John Emmerling and a niece of George Emmerling, who was the first owner of the ground where now stands the !MeIntyre block. Mr. and jMrs. Mager became the jiarents of nine children, four of whom are now living, Georgiue, the wife of Edouard (Uiilliault; and Gustave, Eerdinand aud Jules. Joseph Mager. the well known federal inspector of weights aud measures, who died in lilld, was tlie oldest son. Wliilc his l)usinc'ss life was one of activity and his interests were alwa.ys cai'i'lully looked after Mr. ilager yet found time to perform all the duties of citizenship and did his part in upholding and promoting the stability of the district in which he made his home. He was a trustee of the first school of his district, was one of the builders of the schoolhouse aud served on the school ])oard for thirty years. He acted iu that capacity at a time when he had to make up all assessments and collected all the taxes himself. He has ever been a stalwai't advocate of the cause of education, realizing that it is one of the strongest forces in good gox'ernmeiit and jtrogressive citizenship. In 1882 he was electeil councillor of the muniriiiality of St. Boniface, which has since become the numieipality of St. Vital, while in 1883 he was appointed reeve and so continued for twelve years, in which position he has ever been known as a nuiu of progress and remarkable foresight. Mr. Mager is also very proud of the fact that he was returning officer for the county of St. Boniface at the first provincial election in 1870 when the (iirard government came to power, and a year after, returniim- officer for the county of Selkirk at the first federal elec- tion in the proviuce, when Donald Smith, now Lord Strathcona, was sent to Ottawa by that county. He is a prominent member of the Catholic jiarish of St. Boniface and has contributed generously to the supi)ort of his church and it has to be a stormy day, indeed, when his familiar face is absent from his ])ew in the cathedral on a Suuda.v. Moi'e than half a century has come and gone since I\Ir. ]\Iager arrived in \\'inni[)eg, a youth of ten years. His mind bears the impress of nuiny of the important events which now figure ])r()mineutl.v on the pages of ^lanitoba's his- toi'y. He I'eiiiembers well the disastrous fire whieii destroyed the fii'st eathedral and tl ther buildings which had been so la1)oriously erected by Archbishoji Proveneber. and which proved a cnu'l blow to the small colony; also the flood of 1861. when the waters covered the entire district of St. Boniface. In 1865 he saw tiie Chippewas, who had conu- here to settle a grievance with the Sioux, foui' of whom they killeliin branch of the Bank of Ottawa, which he founded in 1898 and which he has liuilt up and developed since that time. He was born in Boston, INIassachusetts, Febnmi'y 12, 1856, and is a son of Rev. John and Elizabeth (Rady) Irwin. The father of our subject died in 187-i and is buried in ^lontreal. His wife resides in New Bedford, ilassachusetts. George L. Irwin received his early education in the public schools of his native section and was graduated from the high school of Montreal. He laid THE STORY OF MANITOBA 99 aside his liooks at the agR of sixteen and for a short time worked in a ship broker's office. He soon aI)andoned this oceupation, however, and entered the Mereiianis J^ank of Canada, tiuis starting- ni)on a work wliieh has brought liim in-oiiiinenee and sneeess. He began in a luunble capacity but witli cliaracteristie energy, worked his way upwai'd until he was made a branch manager. He acted in tiiis capacity at different places until 1879, when he opened a private hank at Enier.son, Manitoba, which lie controlled and conducted until 1884. In that year he accepted a position as accountant in the Security Bank of Srinneajiolis, Minnesota, and thus broadened his banking knowledge by identi- ficatidM with Amei'ican metiiods. He stayed in Minneapolis until 1896 when he came to Daui)hin, opening a private Inuik which he conducted for two years. At the end of that time he established the Dauphin branch of the Bank of Ottawa, his jirevious varied experience making him rapidly successful. He gave his personal su[)ervision to the organization of the various departments, instituted a .solid conservative [lolicy and demanded adherence to it, expanded gr;i(lually as circumstances justilied and is today the oldest as well as the most successl'ul banker in the city. During the course of his long and active career he has liecome interested in the development of Dauphin along business and financial lines and has done his utmost to promote it. He is a member of the local Hoai'd of Trade and well known in various important enterprises. His political views arc consistently conservative and although he is not active in a public way, yet his influence has been important in general growth. lie is a inem!)er of the Church of Englaiul. Dui'ing the forty years of his idcntiticatiou with his present line of work he has gained a notable place in banking circles throughout the j)rovince. His knowledge of raodei'n banking is comprehensive and exact and to the solution of the difficult financial problems which have at times coiifi'ontcd him he has brought keen discernment and penetrating sagacity. JOHN JAMES :McFADDEN, M. D. Dr. John James JIcFadden. medical superintendent of the Brandon Hospital for the Insane, has been ably filling th(> duties of this ofiiice since 1909. Previous to that he had served in the same capacity from 1900 to 19(13 and it was the ctTective and valuable woi-k which he did at that time which led to his reappoint- ment. He was born in County Pei'th, Ontario, December 21, 18.'J6, a son of Moses and Elizabeth McFadden. Tiie family is of Irish origin of Union Loyalist stock and has been in Canada for over eighty years. The father, who is Dominion surveyor, is comi)lefing the sixtieth year of his residence at V^'ancouvei-, Hi'itisli Columbia. His wife died in 1889 and is buried in Neepawa. Jlanitoba. In the ae(|uireMU'nt of his general education Dr. ^IcFadden attendinl the public schools and the Collegiate Institute in Stratford, Ontario. His medical the im- portance of the work he has done in this capacity, for he bi-ings to its accom- plishment not only his technical knowledge and tine medical equipment, but also a ludail tolerance and a hnmanitaiManism whi<-li inllueiu'es all of his activities and which is ])erhaps his secret of success. Dr. McFadden is a nu-mber of the Council of I'hysicians and Surgeons of the province of Manitoba. On December 1"), 188C, Dr. ilcFadden nuirriii)on the business development of the city. ^Ir. Stewart has been twice married. In 1878 he wedded Miss Annie JMunroe, a daughter of Alexander Munroe, one of the most prominent pioneers in Selkirk, who came to the section as one of Lord Selkirk's settlers. Mrs. Annie Stewart passed away in 1895. leaving four children: Alexander ^lunroe, who nuirried Miss .Mal)el luness; Beatrice, the wife of Percy J. Boxer; Florence, twin to Beatrice, who married Eobert Hollingshead ; and George L., a student in Mc father j was born in 1817 and in 1834 he came to Canada, locating at Peterboro, Ontario, i where he followed farming for a number of years. He gradually liecame j I>rominent in the public life of the city and held various im|)ortant municipal 100 THE STOKY OF MANITOBA offices. lie served in the reliellion of 18157 aiul was always ready to do liis duty ill any relation. He died in 1905, having survived his wife by four years. They heeanie the parents of ten children: Sarah, the deceased wife of George Musgrove: William, who died in infancy; Elizabeth, who married .1. B. Ruther- ford, of I'omoua, California; JIargaret, the wife of \V, J. Bruce, of Vancouver, British ("olumbia; William, deceased; Violet, who married James A. Frayne, of Stonewall; Isaac, of Trout Lake, .Alieliigan ; Zachariah, of Pomona, California; Dr. Josiah, of this review; and Florence, now ^Mrs. Joseph Stin.son, of Stone- wall. The father of our subject had also tlii-ee sons by a previous marriage: Robert, who is a minister iu Coldwater, Ontario; Alexander, of Calgary, Alberta; and George, who for thirty-two years was principal of the Orillia school but who now resides in Buffalo, New York. Dr. ^IcKee was eilucated in the public schools of Manitoba .iiid has a first and second class teacher's certificate from the Collegiate Institute. Having early determined to make the practice of medicine his life's career, he entered the jManitoba Medical College and after four years' able work received his degree. In order to make his technical knowledge practical he spent one year in the Winnipeg General Hospital and then went to Killarney, where he prac- ticed his profession for eight years. In 1912 he came to Stonewall and has already gained the confidence and esteem of the general public. The con- sensus of opinion regarding his professional skill is altogether favorable for it has become known that he is most careful in the diagnosis of a ca.se and never neglects anything which he believes will be of value in preventing disease and promoting health. His office is well equipped with modern apparatus, includ- ing the latest improved surgical instnunents and appliances. Dr. JMcKee married ]Miss Annie Maud Ilayward, a graduate hospital nurse and a daughter of Robert H. and Adela (Salt) Hayward, the former a native of Newfoundland, who resides in Winnipeg, w'here he is a chartered accountant. Mrs. Hayward, who was a native of England, has passed away. Dr. and Mrs. McKee have three children: Robert Alfred, who was born January 27, 1906; Frederick William, whose birth occurred on October 6, 1907 ; and Sarah Adela Marguerite, born April 9. 1911. Dr. and Mrs. McKee are members of the Methodist church. Dr. ilcKee gives his allegiaiiee to the conservative party and while he was a resident of Killarney held many important positions, including those of mayor, coroner and police magistrate. He has always lieen interested in edu- cation and was for four years chairman of the Killarney high school board. In Stonewall he has made an excellent professional record, as is shown by the lucrative practice now accorded him, and he is, moreover, known as a progressive auil public-spirited citizen. ISAAC FRASER BROOKS, B. A. Along with those qualities indispensable to the barrister, — a keen, rapid, logical mind plus the business sense, and a ready capacity for hard work, — Isaac Fraser Brooks brought to the starting point of his legal career cei'tain rare gifts — eloquence of language and a strong personality. An excellent presence, an earaest, dignified manner, marked strength of character, a thorough grasp of the law, and the ability to accurately appl.v its principles are factors iu his eiTectiveness as an advocate before the courts. He does not limit his practice to any branch of the legal work, as he feels that in general practice there lie far greater possibilities for broadening one's capacity as well as handling a greater volume of business. yiv. Brooks was born at Campbi-llford, Ontario, about forty years ago, his parents being John and Anna Bella (Stevenson) Brooks, the former a native ISAAC F. BROOKS THE STORY OF MANITOBA 109 of Brighton, Ontario, and the hitter of the north of Ireland, whence she came to Canada in lier ehihihood. It was at Canipliellford that Isaac P. Brooks pursued his early edueation in the puhlic and high schools, afterward coming to Winnipeg, where he entered the Manitoha I 'niversity, in which lie pni-sued tlie course of piiilosophy to graduation with the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1897. While attending- hoth the Xornial School and Wesley College he was president of the literary society. Soon after the completion of his more spceitically academic course he entered upon the study of law, heing articled to the Hon. F. H. Phippen, of the firm of i\Iael)onald, Tupper, Phippen & Tupjier, who was afterward judge of the king's bench in Manitoha, and is now chief counsel for McKenzie & Mann. -Mr. Brooks was graduated in law in 1902 and was called to the bar in that year. lie opened an office I'oi' practice at Carman, ilanitoba, where he re- mained foi- five years and tiieu came to Winnipeg, since whieh tinae he has practiced his profession there. His practice during tlie past five years has been extensive and of an important character. He is remarkable among the representatives of the profession for the wide research and provident care with which he prepares his work. At no time has his reading ever been confined to the limitation of the (piestions at issue. It has gone beyond and compassed every contingency and provided not alone for the expected but also for the unexpected, which happens in the courts quite as fre(|uently as out of them. As in eoUege Mr. Urooks studied philosojiliy he has since that time read broadly along deeper philosophic lines — an indication of a mental trend that is of great value to him in his professional service. His practice is conducted as the senior member of the firm of Brooks & Sutherland, his partner being the Hon. W. C. Sutherland, B. A., M. L. A., of Saskatoon, who is the speaker of the Saskatchewan legislature. Their practice is of an important character, for they are the legal representatives of large business houses and corporations throughout the west. As a conservative Mr. Brooks is well known in political circles, and while at Carman was president of the Conservative Association there. It is understood that upon several occasions he has been otfered nominations to the Dominion house, but, owing to his extensive practice, has thus far been obliged to decline. Besides being personally very popular, and a capital after-dinner speaker, one of his attributes is a rare degree of sanity and accuracy of judgment, and, being the i)ossessor of a large library and widely read on current events as well, his views on i)olitical, social and other (juestions have more than ordinaiy weight. His chief recreation is golf, and he has scope for its exei'cise as a member of the St. Charles Country Club. He also belongs to the Canadian and other clubs. He is a member of the Assiniboine Lodge of ^Masons at Win- nipeg, and of the Order of Odd Fellows. These associations indicate much of the principles which govern his conduct, and, combined with his personal eg '1 he al.so conducts a I'entiug. loan and insui'ance business and those bi'anches of j his business have likewise proved sources of jjrolit. He has coiiilucted many important real-estate sales and his enterprising methods and progressive spirit 112 THE STORY OP MANITOBA huvf licfii vahii'd fae'tors not uiily in wiiuiiiiy; siR't-ess I'or hiiiiscit' hut also in promotinfi: ])iil)liL' activity and prosperity. Ill I'JIO Mv. Ilaniilton was married to Miss Hessie L. Clements, a daughter of J. R, Clements, one of the early pioneers of Winnipeg. Both Mr. and ill's. Hamilton are active memhers of the Congregational church, in which he has held many otiiees. serving now as treasurer of the chui-ch, which office he has tilled for eight years. He fakes a deep interest in politics, is an ardent sup- porter of the liheral party and was i)resident of the Young Liberal Cluli in 1906. In that year he was chosen justice of the peace, which office he still fills. He is now president of the Winnipeg Liberal Association. Socially he is con- nected with the Canadian Club and fraternally with the Masonic order, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree. He is prominent in the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows, being a member of the grand lodge, of which he has been grand treasurer for the past two years. In the Royal Templars of Temperance he has been select councilor and is a member of the provincial executive committee. A reliable and progressive business man, a champion of the cause of temi)eranee, a friend of all moral progress, Frederick Charles Hamilton is numbered among the valued residents of Winnipeg, JOHN H. J. MURPHY. John II. J. Murphy, sales manager of the Royal Crown Soap Company, and president of the Bu.sine.ss ]Men's Investment & Loan Company of Winnijieg. was born at Silver Hill, Norfolk county, Ontario, his natal day being December 16, 1869. His father, John Murphy, was a merchant and lumber dealer of Noi'folk eount.v, where he also engaged in agricultural pursuits and stock-raising. Pie was one of the organizers of the Norfolk Farmers Fire Insurance Company, of which he was president until he i-etired from business, when he resigned his ofifice. The mother, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Forbes, is of Scotch extraction and descends from the house of Forbes of Aberdeen, Scotland. The early life of John H. J. Murphy was passed in very much the same manner as that of ^very other lad who is reared in a home of comfortable cir- cumstances. At the usual age be began his schoolhood days at the public school of Silver Hill, continuing at the Simcoe high school. This was followed by a course at the Hamilton Business College, of Hamilton. Subseciuenfly studying under private tutors in Winnipeg and at Ottawa for a two-year period, he prepared himself for entering the Ottawa University, but owing to over work was advised to take a rest or change. Returning to Kenora, he opened the Indian Industrial School and was principal of that institution for seven months, when he resigned to accept a clerk.ship in the store of John Gardner & Com- pany. There he early manifested the powers of organization and executive ability which have figured so prominently in promoting his business career, and was soon made manager of the grocery department. He continued in the employ of this firm until 1900 and in August of that year he re-signed his posi- tion and came to Winnipeg to become a traveling salesman for the Royal Crown Soap Company. He retained this position until IMarch, 1912, when he was recalled from the road and put in charge of the sales and advertising depart- ments. i\Ir. Murphy is well adapted to the duties of his present ofifice. being resourceful, alert and far-sighted, and having the added faculty of being able to meet the recpiirements of almost any situation. When he first went on the road Mr. Murphy became interested in the Northwestern Commercial Travelers Association, which is one of the rapidly growing fraternal organizations of this section. On September 1, 1900, their membership numbered four hundred and seventy-two and on the 1st of July, 1912, over seven thousand, while on the 20th of December, 1911, their assets amounted to two hundred and tifty- .seven thousand dollars. They are the owners of the Commercial Travelers THE STORY OF MANITOBA 113 building of this city, which was the first coninioreial travelers hnilding to be erected in western Canada, and the lart,'est in the Dominion. They also have in process of erection similar ))uildings at Calgary and Vancouver. In this city in the year 1905, Mv. .Murphy was married to Miss Albiua Lauzon, a daughter of J. B. Lauzou of Winnipeg, and to them have been born four children : Albina E., Antoinette M., Constance Emerald and John Edwin. The family residence is located at No. 480 St. Mary's avenue. Mr. Murphy is past councilor of Winnipeg Council, No. Ibi, U. C. T.. and was instrumental in assisting the formation of a separate Canadian jurisdic- tion of this organization, which is known as the Grand Canadian Jurisdiction, and was founded at Fargo, North Dakota, in June, 1912, their tirst council being held at Regina on June 1-i, 1912. He was also one of the organizers of the Business Men's Investment & Loan Company of Winnipeg, and is now president of this enterprise. Ever since his boyhood he has taken a keen delight in all athletic sports and was a member of the Keuora Rowing Club and Curling Club. A winning personality united with a genial nature and cordial manner have enabled ^Ir. Murphy to make and retain the stanch friendship of a large circle of acquaintances during tlie period of his residence in Winnipeg and his business connections in western Canada, where he has become widely known. He speaks with a precise knowledge and faith of the possibilities and advancement of western Canada, based upon his extensive and thorougli knowl- edge of almost every portion of the provinces. W. H. SHILLINGLAW. W. H. Shillinglaw, who is engaged in the professions of architecture and civil engineering at Brandon, with offices at 828 Rosser avenue, has been a resident of the city since 1882. He was many years prominent before the public eye in tli(> office of city engineer and as such has been respon.sible for a number of valuable improvements made in the city. He always looked toward a proper dislnu-sement of the pnlilic funds Tinder liis supervision and the work he accomplished in his public capacity has been of a permanent character. Since 1910 he has engaged in private practice and has met with remarkable success, having during his long public career gained a name and reputation which now stand him in good stead in obtaining contracts. W. II. Shillinglaw came to the province of JIanitoba in March, 1880. He was twrn at Staffa, Pei-tb county, Ontario,- on Sejjtember 29, 1SG4, and is a son of James and Elizabeth Shillinglaw. The father was a builder and con- tractor and it may be said that the son received from him the first idea to take up his life work along similar lines. James Shillinglaw died on the 1st of September, 1910, at the .age of seventy-eight yeai's, and his wife died about thirteen years before his demise, in April, 1897, at the age of fifty-eight years. Both are buried in the Brandon cemetery. Botli i)arents were of Scotch birth and emigrated from their native land to the Dominion. W. II. Shillinglaw received his primary education in Albany, I\Iissouri, and l-Srandon, where he prei)ared himself to eiitei- Manitoba Cniversity, but i instead entered the School of Science, of Toronto, Ontario, wiiich he jittended ;for tlire(> years. Unforeseen circumstances pi-ecluded further attendance and , he was obliged to start upon the active practice of his i>i-ofession. He was I employed privately for six years, when he was api)ointed to the imiwirtant ; office of city engineer, a j)osition which he held for twelve years, or until 1910. I when he again embarked upon private practice. His work has been greatly Ivalueil and his business relations have grown steadily as the years have j^assed, I Mr. Shillinglaw was married, in Brandon, ^lanitoba, on Septemb(»r 19, 1899, I to Miss Eiizabelh ;\Ionteitli, who served formerly as .superinteiuleut of the j General Hospital. She is a daughter of '\\v. and Mrs. William Jlontcith. of 114 THE 8T0KY OF .AI.WITOI'.A Greencastle, Ireland. Jlr. aiul Mrs. Sliillingliiw iiiakL' tlicii' home at No. .'302 Kussell street aud there the former lia.s resided for the past thirty years. Mr. Shillinsi:la\v has always taken an active interest in the public weal and welfare anil lie lias sei'ved in the important position of eliairman of the Brandon park boartl. while he is also a member of the General IIosi)ital Board and of the city council, in politics he is a liberal. His rclijrion is that of tiie Presbyterian church, of which he is a member. To keep in touch with his collcay;u(>s aud excliautre views on professional controversies he holds membership with the Canadian Soi'iety of Civil Engineers. He also has the honor oL' being a fellow of the Koyal Arciiiteetural Institute of Canada. He holds membership in the Curling Club, of which he serves as secretary, and is also a iiicmljer of Ihc council of the Canadian Club. Mr. Shillinglaw enjoys high standing in his profession and as a man and citizen he is greatly esteemed in the city in which lie makes his home. His publie-spiritedness cannot well be questioned and his work and altainmcnts constitute a valuable asset in the progress of the city of Brandon. MANLIUS BULL. .Maiilius Bull was the founder and is the managing director of the Royal Crown Soap Company. He is, however, connected with various other impoi-taiil business interests and activities and is a well known figure in financial circles. Possessing marked enterprise as well as executive ability, he carries forward to successful completion whatever he undertakes and each year has found hiin in advance of the Imsiuess position which he occupied the previous year. He was born in Smithfield, Northumberland county, Ontario, March 1. 184!), and comes of an old United I'^mpire Loyalist family. His i)ai'eiits were George F. aud Charlotte (Potts) Bull, the former a native of Pennsylvania aud a repre- sentative of Quaker ancestry. AVhen a young man he went to Ontario and engaged in the milling business at Smithfield, where he lived for many years. His last days, however, were spent at Alton, Ontario, where he pa.ssed away at the age of ninety-two. The mother was born at Plymouth, England, and came to Canada with her parents, who were among the first English settlers to come to the Dominion, taking up their abode near Smithfield at the Bay of Quiiite. Her death occurred at Brighton, Ontario, September IS, 1912, when she luul reached the advanced age of one hundred and one years aud seven months. -Manlius Bull attended the public schools of Smithfield and Alton, Ontario, and upon leaving school entered a retail store at Brampton, where he remained for twelve years, thus gaining his early business experience and training. He later went upon the road as traveling salesman for a wholesale tea house of Toronto, which he represented for seven years, and in 1882 he came to Winnipeg with a Air. Henderson, of Toronto, to open a wholesale commission business in this city. They established their undertaking under the firm name of Henderson & Bull and the business is still in existence, being now conducted by tile firm of Nicholson & Bain. In 1889 he sold out his interest in that busi- ness and turned his attention to soap manufacturing under the name of the Royal Crown Soap Company. A factory was built at Winnipeg and a few years later, with the growth and exi)ansion of the business, factories were established in Vancouver and Calgary. The undertaking proved a profitable and growing one, with which Mr. Bull was associated iintil January, 1911, when he sold the entire l)usiiiess to Lever Brothers of Port Sunlight, England, agreeing to remain witli them, however, as managing director for the ensuing five years. He is a man of resourceful business ability aud in the meantime iiad extended his efforts to other fields of activity. lie was one of the founders of the Home Investment & Savings Association, which was organized in 1891, and he has MANI.ir^ 111 I.I, THE STORY OF MANITOBA 117 been its president sinec its iiic('])tioii. In lilll he oi-ffanized the City & Provineial Loan ("onipaiiy, of wliieli lie is the president, and lie is also the president of the ('oiisi)liilated Investments, litd., and the Canadian .May-Oatway Coni]iany. Many other coneerns have profited by his sound judgment and keen business sagacity, for he has had voice in the nianagemeut of a number of them as a director. lie is thus associated with the Union Bank of Canada, the Standard Trust Comi)any. the Xoi'thern Land & Loan Company, the Winnipeg Land & Loan Company, the Winin])eg (ieneral Hospital, and is on the Winnipeg advisory board of the Scottish Cnion and National Insurance Com]iauy. He has, more- over, for several years been a director of Wesley College. His interests have thus reached out along constantly ramifying lines and the scope and breadth of his activities attest iiis right to be ranUrd with the foremost business men of the province. In 1875, in Keene. Ontario, ]\Ir. Bull wa.s married to Miss Mary Nixon, a daughter of the late Tlionuus Nixon, of Winnipeg. They have seven children: Clara 'M.. th(> wife of Johu L. Waller, of Winnipeg; Aunie G., the wife of W. 15. Sterling, of Wiiuii|)eg: (!<'orge N., who is Ihe manager of the Ro.val Crown Soap wiii'ks at Calgary, Alberta; P(>rcival M., the manager of tiie City & I'i'ovinrial Loan ('i)m])an.\: of WiMui])cg: Lillian B.. wiio is the wife of John A. Flanders, of Winniiieg; Wilfoi'd E., a student in McGill University; and Roland 0., attending Trinity College School at Port Hope. Mr. Bull is a member of the Northern Light Lodge, No. 10, F. & A. M., and of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is an attractive social factor in club life, holding membershii> with the Canadian, ^lanitoba. Carleton and St. Charles Country Clubs. He belongs to Foi't Rouge jMcthodist church and is trea.sui'cr of its tinance committee. Wiiat he has accom]ilished re]U'eseuts \\w. fit utilization of the innate talents which are his. lie started out in life without an,v vaulting ambition to accomplish something especially great or famous but followed the lead of his o])portunities, doing as best he could everything that came to him and seizing legitimate advantages as they arose. He never hesi- tated to take a forward step when the way was open. Though content with what he attained as he went along, he has always been ready to make an advance. Foi-lunate in possessing <|ualities that inspired confidence in others, the simple weigiit of his character and ability lias carried him into important relations with large interests. W.M.TER ROSS, M. D. Dr. Waller Ross, one of the most able and promising .voung physicians of Dauiihin. where he has been jiraetieing his profession since 1900, was born in Holland, in the same province, July 7, 1886, a son of W. R. and Margaret (McCammon) Ross. The family is of old Scotch English origin and was founded in Canada by the father of our subject, who came as a ]iioneer to Holland, jwliere he eslaiiiislicd himself in the gi'ueral nierchandise business in which he is active and prominent. I Dr. Walter Ross received his |)rimar.\' education in the public schools of his Inative city and was graduated fi-om the ;\Iauit()b;i College in 11)04. He after- jward took up the study of medicine ami determined to make its |>ractice his jlifc work. In i)reparation for that profession he attended the Manitoba ^ledical iColIege. from which he received the degrees of ^I. D. and C. M., in IflOO, (together with the O'Donald gold medal, in ri'coguition of his able and dis- jtinguislied work. In order to make his knowledge ju'aclical he entered a sxen- ,?ral hospital and for six months acted as intiu'iie in that establishment before |?oming to l)au])hin. wiiei'e he lias pr;ic1ici'd sinci' that time. Throughout his pareer he has been imlmcd with a laudable ambitiiui f(U- advancement, knowing jliow iiniiortiinl is ihe diits wliicii of Somersetshire, was born near South Pethei-ton. She \\,is a niece of Admii-al OilVord. who served luider Lord Nelson. The (iitT(U-(l familv still rctaJTi tin- old counti-y estate near Snutli retlieildo. and in Imncu* 124 THE STORY OF MANITOBA of that family Mr. riiiteliiiigs calls liis city lioiiic at No. 424 Wellington Crescent, in Winnipeg. Gift'ord Hall. lu'aird on lii.s father's farm, Elislia F. ^utclling^s pur.sui'd his education in the conntry schools, which he attended to the age of fifteen years and then entered npon an apprenticeship to the harness-making trade, serving not only for a full term of three years but also for an additional period of six months. After he became a journeyman he worked one winter at his trade in order to secure enough money lo bring him to the great west. Hearing and reading sn much of the Ked Kiver country, he determined to seek his fortune in this dis- trict, arriving here in 1876, the year following the great grasshopper plague. Because of this the country showed nothing of the l)eauty and fertility usually seen. Having walked most of the way fi-om Port Arthur and arriving with only a dollar and a half in his pocket, Mr. Hutchings at once .sought employ- ment, but owing to the losses incurred by the grasshopper scourge of the previous year conditions were against him. Employers were discharging rather than hiring new men. At length Mr. Hutchings was induced to go to Edmonton by "15i'oatlcloth Snuth" or "Smith the bilk," a noted character of the early days. The man promised lo take him to the "Eldorado" of the far west. Mr. Hutch- ings drove on the start two oxen attached to Eed river carts, but was given seven o.xcU to dri\e from Portage la Prairie to P^dmonton. The trip was one of iiuiumerable hardships and difficulties, for there were no roads and no bridges and the mosquitoes and flies rendei'ed existence most unbeai'able. On the trip he saw his first band of Indians and was badly frightened. The little party formed a corral and armed themselves while the Indians made a circle around them and raised the war cry, all being in readiness to fire at the word of comnumd. Smith, however, parleyed with them and soon won them over tc) friendliness. Numerous humorous incidents as well as hardships occui-red on the trip, which was terminated with their arrival at Edmonton in October. 1876. There was no chance for Mr. Hutchings to secure employment at his trade and he could get nothing to do save a few chores around the camp, and as he had no way of returning home he necessarily had to wait until spring. He made and repaired harness and did such odd jobs as came to him, and when he had saved about thirty-five dollars he invested in a muzzle loading gun, buffalo robes and a few traps. He then went into the woods and cut the timber from a place big enough to erect thereon a cabin eight by ten feet, which he built himself. He there installed a stove, living there through the winter, shooting and trapping. He laid in a supply of game for the cold months and the winter passed in a fairly comfortable nmnner. In the spring of 1877 all the traders were ready to I'cturn to Fort Garry and l\[r. Hutchings arranged with Smith to drive back to Fort Garry for him, taking five oxen and carts loaded with furs, for which he was to receive thirty dollars. The hardships on the return trip were teri'ible, but finall.v he reached his des- tination on the 15th of July. His first experience at the fort, now Winnipeg, was to get into a hotel fire. After he had aided in extinguishing the flames he found that all his clothing and money, save his underwear, had been stolen. He was thus left in a strange town without clothing, friends and practically without mone.y. The hotel proprietor finally secured him an outfit, but being a young man of large proportions the suit of clothing was much too small for comfort. He immediately began search for employment, visiting all the har- ness shops without result. Finally he was given a job of fixing a buggy dash- board by a blacksmith named Perkins. Mr. Hutchings had to secure the leather, thread and other material on credit, finally obtaining it from a Mr. Steinhofif. In this way he earned the fir.st money he ever made in Winnipeg, and the work constituted the nucleus of what is now The Great West Saddlery Company, controlling the largest business of its kind in the world. His excel- lent work soon brought him other customers and from that on his success was rapid. He was soon working almost night and day. making from ten to fifteen dollars per day. In the winter of 1877-8 he went into the woods to a lum])er i:. I'. lirTCHINGS THE STOKV OP MANITOBA 125 caiiip ;iii(l ill the spring: <>t' tlii' latter year rented a small store whieli had lieeu used as a Imteher shop, standing on the site now oeeui>ied \>y the Robinson de- ]>ai-tiiient store on I\Iain street. He eoudueted business through the suuiiiier and sold out in tlie fall, devoting the winter to speculating iu lots. In 1879 he pui-ciiased tiie interest of the junior partner in the firm of Stalker & Caswell and with Mr. Stalker conducted business on the present location of the Domin- ion Bank. Following his partner's death in 1885, Jlr. Hutchings purchased his interest in the business and conducted a large retail harness-making estab- lishment until 1900, when he organized The Great West Saddlery Company, capitalized at two hundred and fifty thousand dollars. This was a manufac- luriiig and jobbing business with .some retail branches, but recognizing tiie opi>ortunities for a future iu the wholesale and manufacturing line he disposed of his retail business. The trade, has been constantly growing until it now covers the extensive territory from the Great Lakes to the Pacific ocean, while the output is in excess of that of any other factory in the world. Within the last ten years a factory has been opened at Calgary and warehouse jobliing plants at Regina, Saskatoon. CaJgary, Fort ^IcCloud and Edmonton. In 1911 tile cajiital was increased to two million dollars. The business starting in 1000 with thirty men now i?iiiploys three hundred men. The plants are ecjuipped with the latest up-to-date electrical machinery as fine as can be found on the market. The .Winniiieg factory is superior to anything of the kind in the world. It is a fireproof structure of reinforced concrete, well ventilated and sup|died with every modern equipment and convenience. In addition to the mammotii manufacturing and wholesale business which has been develoi)ed, ]\Ir. Iluti-hings practically controls all of the jiriiicipnl retail stores in western Canada, under various subsidiary concerns. While the harness manufacturing enterprise has become the most extensive of the kind in the world, it by no means indicates the scope of I\Ir. Hutchings' business activities. He is identified with many important commercial and in- dustrial undertakings which have had direct and iiii|)ortant bearing upon the welfare and prosperity of Winnipeg and Manitoba. He is president of The Cai)ital Loan & Savings Company, the Birds Hill Sand & Buildings Supply Company, the Winnipeg IMineral Springs Sanitorium Association, Ltd., The Scott Saddlery Company, The Ro.val Oak Saddlery Comjiany, The Alberta Sad- dlery Company. The Athabasca Oil & Asphalt Com|iany and The Edmonton Saddlery Company; is vice jiresident of the Imperial Canadian Trust Com- pany and president of the Alsip Sandstone, Brick & Siipi^ly Company, and a director of the Canada National Insurance Com])aiiy and the Houghton Land Company. It was years before the i)roniised "Eldorado" at Edmonton seemed such to Mr. Hutchings but at length Edmonton verified the hope held out by Mr. Smith and prosperit.v came to him through the little cabin which he had staked out in file winter of 1877. fencing in aliout one hundred by one hundred and fifty feet. lie marked his name and adiiress on tiie door and five years later was asked if he still claimed the trading post. He received a patent from the crown and his claim is now block H in I'iver lot 10 of Edmonton. Ten yeai's pa.ssed, in which he almost forgot that he owned the pi-opei-ty, and he was then offered one thou- sand, six hundred dollars for twenty-five feet, a sum lie accejited. In five years he received twenty-five thousand dollars for the remainder of the property, of which ten thousand dollars was paid down, one-half being reinvested in Edmon- ton. From the property thus secured he has realized one hundred and eighty- five thousand dollars, with one hundred and fifty thousand dollars .vet due in lia.\inents. Of the ten thousand dollar.-; previously mentioned he invested the other five thousand dollars in Calgary jiroperty. and out of the original trading iiost at Edmonton he has made alioiif three-fourths of a million. It surely ])roved an Eldorado for him. Moreover, the life which li(> lived at that early period, with its hardships and its hard knocks, laid the foundation for 12G THE STORY OF -MAX1T015A later splendid health ami developed in him a spirit of eoiiraprc and resource- fulness whieh has had iiiueh to do with the attainment of his later successes. lu 188;{ ^Ir. llutchinjis was married to JNIiss Saraii Ann Denby, a native of Xewboro, Ontario, and they have five children: Ethel II., the wife of Jlajor Moore of the Seventy-Fourth Iliiihlanders of Vancouver; Lulu Denby, the wife of John Hirt, of the Hirt Saddlery Company, of Winnipeg; Hazel Rea, at home; Lieutenant Ernest Fredrick at the Stanley Barracks in Toronto; and Harold (litTord. now attentling St. Andrews College in Toronto. ]\lr. Huteh- ings served in the lirst military company ever organized west of Jjake Superior, enlisting as a jjrivate and l)eeoming a sergeant. He considers this the best jios- sible training for a young man and one of his sons has follnwetl his example. His family are I'resbyterians in religious faith and Jlr. Huti-hings is identified with various fraternal and social organizations. He has attained the thirty- second degree in ]\Iasonry and is a member of Khartoiim Temple of the Nobles of the IMystie Shrine. He also belongs to the Canadian, Carleton and Adanae Clubs and to the Sons of England Society. He is a conservative in polities and for six years was a member of the city council and has held the trusted position of chairman of the city of Winnipeg sinking trustees for the i>ast twenty-one years, to the great satisfaction of every citizen. Throughout life he has fol- lowed the motto: "Do the best you can under the circumstances with which Di- vine Providence has surrounded you." His lieautiful country home, twelve miles from the city, known as Chateau Ilutchings, is the finest in the west. Mr. Hutchings' philosophy of life is based upon practical experience and high principles. His advice has been of great benefit to many who have sought it. and to not a few he has given material aid. He is indeed a thorough-going business man, possessed of that quality of common sense which is too often lacking and without which even enterprise and genius coiuit for little or nought. His business affairs have always been of a nature that contributed to the growth, development and prosperity of the country. His business charac- teristics are resourcefulness, thorough honesty and notable punctuality, com- bined with powers of organization, initiative spirit and sagacity. His expedi- ency enables him to meet every occasion not only in a business way but in pub- lic connections, and he displays a keen, active, helpful interest in everything tending to promote public movements and pro.iects which have for their object the advancement of the human race, politically, commercially, intellectually and morally. He is a man of splendid personal appearance, six feet and three inches in height, well jiroportioned, with strength connnensurate to his frame, and is a man in magnificent health, who thoroughly enjoys every breath of life. A distinguished statesman has said: ""In all this world the thing supremely worth having is the opportunity, coupled with the capacity to do well and worthily a piece of work, the doing of which shall be of vital significance to mankind." The opportunity and capacity had been given Mr. Hutchings and he has used both wisely and well. JOHN HAFFXER. John Haifner, engaged in the real-estate business in Winnipeg, handling city property and farm and timber lands, was born in Buffalo, New York, in 1848. His parents, Michael and ilargaret (Schmidt) Haflner, were natives of Germany but in early manhood and womanhood became residents of Buffalo, where they were married. They afterward became residents of Waterloo county, Ontario, and there spent their remaining days, the father following the occu- pation of farming. It was in the public schools of Waterloo county and in the Berlin Grammar School of Berlin, Ontario, that John Haffner pursued his education and when he put aside his text-books he entered upon an apprentice- ship in the large mercantile house of J. ]\I. Frazer & Company at Elora, Ontario, JUll.X UAi'l'.NKE THE STORY OF MANITOBA 129 rciiiainiuy tlicre for tliree years. Ou the expiration of tliat period ho removed to (iiielpli, Ontario, wliere he was appointed olBeial assignee of the county of Wellington. lie held that otfiee until 1881, when the position was discontin- ued by the repealing of the act by lefrislature. In 1882 he came to Winnipeg and engagi'd in the grain and brokerage business. He is still interested to some extent in the brokerage business but for the past fourteen years has dealt largely in real estate and now gives Ins entire time to that business, handling farm lands, timber lands and eitv property. He is thoroughly Hiformed concerning values, knows how to buy and sell advantageously and has conducted numy important propert.y transfers. He is also a director of the Hritish Empire Land Company, Ltd., of Toronto. On the i:Uli of Heptember, 1871, Mr. Hatt'ner was married at Elora, Ontario, to ]\Iiss Marv Elizabetii Forster, a daughter of Captain James Forster, of Elora, and they liave four children: Ernest F., who is with the Munson Allen Com- ]>any of Wiiuiipeg: Harry J. A., who is a civil engineer of Vancouver, liritish ( 'oluud)ia ; E. B.. engaged in tlie real-estate i)usiness in Winnipeg: and ]Miss K. E., who is a teacher of modern languages in tlic Collegiate Institute. The fairrily attend the Anglican church and Mr. Ilati'ner holds mendjersliip with the Carleton, Adanac. and the Northwest Commercial Travelers Clubs. He has alwiiys been conservative in politics but not active as an office seeker. His jw'rsonal popularity is indicated by the fact that be belongs to a numl)er of the leading elulis of the city and his business prominence is attested by all who know him while those who liave h.ad dealings with liiiii bear testimony of his capaliility and reliability. THOMAS SINCLAIR. Thomas Sinclair, an architect by profession, has maintained offices in Bran- don since 1!)(I4 and has built up in the few years of his residence in this city an envialile business reputation. He condjines in his work the practical with the artistic and his designs, while always original, are nuide with a purpose to use- fulness. JIi'. Sineliur was born in Edinburgh. Scotland. January 20. 1880, and is a son of James and Elizabetii Sinclair. Tlie fatlier was engaged in the same line of woi'k in his native country wbicli his son now follows. Thomas Sinchiir received his education in Edinbni-gli. Scotland, and grad- uated from the j)ublic .schools of his native city. He sul)sec|ueiitly entered upon a course at the School of Applied Arts of Edinburgh I'niversity, under Fi-ank W. Simon, architect of the Manitoba Parliament building, but left this institu- tion at tlie age of twent.v years. At the earl.v age of fourteen he was apprenticed to architecture, following his studies at the same time. Since locating in Bran- don our sul).iect has lieen honored with a number of contracts for public, semi- publie Mild bnsiiiess buildings of the city and jirovince. Examples of iiis art are the Alexandra selinol. tlie fireproof King (Jeorge school, the ;\l(d\en/.ie l)nild- ing. Tile Arena, tlie hirgest indoor arena in Canada, and a number of other large Imildings not only in Brandon lint in othei- communities throughout western Canada. Mr. Sinclair is designing ])lans for tiie present .vear of luiild- ings which appi-oximate about live hundred thous:ind dollars, including among otlier public buildings, two large public schools. Mr. Sinclair was married, in Brandon, on tlie 21st of March. 1008, to Miss ^lary Clarke, a daugider of John iind Isabelle Clarke, of Ednam Kelso, Scot- land. Tlie lather died in 18!l0 in his native land and is buried at Kelso. Mr. and Mrs. Sinclair make tJieir home at 441* Seventh street, where tiieir many friends often gather for pleasant intercourse. Hoth .Mr. and ;\Irs. Sinclair ]day a lu-omineni role in the social life of thi' city and are lioth greatly esteemed for their many amiable qualities of heart ami mind. 130 • TIIK STOHY OF JIAXITOI'.A 111 polities Mr. Sinclair iiu'liiies toward the liberal party. He is a licentiate of the Royal Institute of British Architects and an associate of the Koyal Canadian Institute of Architects. He atfiliates with tlie Presbyterian church. Mr. Sinclair's work along professional lines has lieen of a distinctive character and has gained for him a rcj)utation which is more than ordinary for one so young in years. The importance of the work entrusted to him speaks well for his ability, and it may safely be predicted that liis ability will carry him to still greater success. W. T. VINCENT, Jr. \V. T. Vincent, Jr., who for sixteen vears has been engaged in the imple- ment business in Stonewall, is a native of IManitolia, born in Winnipeg, Decem- ber 15, 1869. His parents, William T. and Catherine (Ross) Vincent, are also natives of this province and his father is a prosperous and successful farmer in Victoria, owning three and a (juarter sections of fine land, which he develops and improves along progressive and modern lines. W. T. Vincent of this review is one of a family of six children. He began his active career by operating a sawmill, which lie managed for two years. When he was twenty-four years of age he became interested in selling fanning mills throughout the province and he continued in this occupation for three years, after which he came to Stonewall and established himself in the imple- ment business, with which he has since been connected. He has made a success of the undertaking because he pos.sesses perseverance, industry and enterprise in carrying forward his interests. These qualities and the prominence they have brought him have been factors in the general business expansion of Stonewall and in the establishment of high business standards. They have also influenced Mr. Vincent's success in the real-estate business, which forms an important branch of his interests. ilr. Vincent married Miss JMabel Stokes, and they have one son, Arthur Wil- liam. The family are devout adherents of the Episcopal church. Mr. Vin- cent gives his allegiance to the conservative party and for some time has done able and efficient work as a member of the school )x)ard. He also is a councillor, and in fact is active in his support of any movement for the material, educa- tional or moral growth of his section. IRA STRATTOX. Executive ability and powers of organization have made Ira Stratton an active factor in forming and controlling various societies, in which connection he has gained an extremely wide and favorable acquaintance throughout Can- ada. Since 1906 he has been general secretary of the Canadian Postmasters Association, which he was instrumental in organizing. For the past few years he has bei^n active in real-estate circles, having an office in the Hamilton Bank building. He was born near Trenton, Ontario, in August, 1865, and is a son of Cyrus and Anna (Lovie) Stratton. the father a native of Canada and the mother of Scotland. In the schools of Northumberland he pursued his educa- tion and later followed the profession of teaching in Ha-stings county, Ontario, until early in the year 1888. He s]ient the following winter as a teacher in the Dominion Business College at Kingston. Canada, and on the 1st of June, 1889, he located at Stonewall. Manitoba, where he also engaged in teaching for two years. He then turned his attention to journalistic interests, purchasing the Stonewall News, changing the name of the paper to the Stonewall Argus. He is still owner of that paper, although it is now under the management of his THE STORY OP MANITOBA lijl lirullirr, Joliu Stfutlou. In tlic meantime ira Strattuu has gained {)roniinence as an organizer following his eoinmendable service in public office. For eight yeai-s he occnpieil the position of postmaster of Stonewall and during the j'ear 1902 was general land guide for the district lying between Lake Winnipeg and Lake ILinitoba. his duties lieing the directing of settlers to their homesteads. In lilOo he assisted in organizing the Manitoba and .Xorthwest Postmasters Association, of which he was iiiadi- secretary. lie also visited the western prov- inces and built up similar organizations there and in 1906 when the Canadian Postmasters Association was organized in Ottawa he became its gcnei-al secre- tary. He was also .secretary of the Postmasters Association of the West and in connection with the latter was publisher of the Postal Current. In this way he has done much to stinuilate the interests of postnuisters in their duties, thus giving added value to the mail service. This by no mciins limits ^fr. Sti-atton's public activities. He is affiliated with the L]dei)cndent Order of Odd Fellows and has served as noble grand of his local lodge. He also lielongs to Stonewall Lodge, No. 12, A. F. & A. "SL; the iMaccabi'cs Tent, and the Ancient Order of Pnited Workmen. His political allegiance has always been given to the liberal i)arty and his religious faith is that of the ^letliodist church, of which he is a valued meml)er. It was largely through his efforts that the school at Stonewall was made fully collegiate on the 1st of January, 1912, and his labors were the potent force in securing the open- ing of an agricultural depai'lment in connection with the high school. They liavc employed a most capable instructor so that the study of agriculture may be taken up in connection with the other high-school courses. Stonewall is the only high school in the west that can boast of an agricultural deiiartment. .Mr. Strat- toM lias also studied dairying and is now president of the Manitoba Dairy Asso- ciation. Since 1901 he has been more or les.s connected with the real-estate busi- ness, and during the past two years has been giving this line of busines.s his entire attention, having his offices in the Hamilton Bank building. On the 2(Sth of December, 1911, Mr. Strattou was married to Miss Mai'y Louise Oughton, a daughter of John and Edith (White) Oughton. who are pleasantly located in an attractive home in Stonewall. Mr. Stratton has a very extensive acquaintance through JIanitoba and the northwest. His interests, iiroad and varied, have made his a well rounded char.ictei-. vai'ious societies and organizations profiting by his coojieration and kindly aid. It is well known of him that he accomplishes what he undertakes and, moreover, he has the ability to harmonize seemingly diverse interests and bring them into a unified whole. WILLI. \M T. ARMSTRONG. Long years of close connection with business interests brought William T. Ai-mstrong to a |)osition that enabled him to put aside further commei-cial activi- ties and rest in the enjoyment of the fruits of his fornu'r toil. He is now living i-etii-cd in Winnipeg, suri'ounded by many of the comforts and some of the lux- uries of life in a jilea.sanl lu)me at No. 804 Preston avenue. He wa,s born in Peel, Ontario, in 18.')"). and is of Irish lineage. His parents, William ami Eliza (Morrison) Armstrong, were both natives of Ireland and on leaving the Emer- ald isle established their home in Ontario, where for a few years the father engaged in farming but afterward owned and condneted a general store. In their family were three sons and one daughter. S]iending bis youthful days uniler the parental roof, William T. Armstrong pursued his education in the schools of Bolton. Ontario, and afterward leariu'd the trade of lioi'seshocing. He subsei|uenlly wiu'ked at his trade as a .journey- nuui in Toronto for three years and afterward spent abinit two years in the same way in Windsor. Canada, and Detroit. Michigan. Since 1S79 he has re- sided continuously in Winnipeg and here he found tln' business opportunities 1:^2 THE STORY (»F .MAXITOBA wliich lie souglit ;iiul wliirli Ird him f\i'ritiially to the jroal ot" success. In part- nership with J. V. Diifrrt'l hu I'stahlislicd a {^I'licral bhicksiiiith and carriage repaii' sliop at Xo. 2!*!) Fort strei-t. Wimiipc^, whi-re business was condueteil for four years. At the end of tiiat time the partnersliip was dissolved and Iroiii 1885 until M)02 ]\Ir. Arnistronjr continued the horseshoeing dci)artnient. wiiile his former partner carried on the wagon and carriage repairing business at the same place. During the succeeding year Mr. Arm.strong was associated with •lohn Shea in the importation of horses from Ontario and at one time lie was interested in a stoek ranch in the Rosser district, raising horses and sheep. lie likewise owned and bred race hoi'ses for a time and tile various features of his business jji'oved i)roHtablc, owing to his sound judgment and careful manage- ment. On severing his partnership rclatior.s with ilr. Shea he practically retired from business, alliiough he lias since dealt considerably in real estate, purchas- ing property when he saw opportunity for good investment and selling it when the chance came to realize thereon a good profit. He has ever been watchful of opportunities i)ointing to success, is alert and enterprising and as the years have gone by he has won the handsome competence that he now en.joys. In 18!}4 occui-red the marriage of AVilliani T. Armstrong and Jliss Sarah Langhcad, a daughter of James Langhead. who came to JIanitoba I'rom Ontario in 1877 and engaged in farming in tiie Sturgeon ("reek district. Two childri'ii have been Iiorn of this marriage, Amlier L. and Dorothea L. JMr. Armstrong votes with the conservative party and has always kept well informed on the questions and issues of the day, but political honors and emoluments have had no attraction for him. Those who know him recognize the fact that lie might have held ofifice had he cared to do so, but he has always preferred that his jtublic duties should be discharged as a private citizen. His fraternal connection is with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and his religious belief is indieated in the fact that since 1871;) he has been a member of Trinity chureh. He built and now occupies a tine home on Preston avenue, where he is most comfortably situated, and his life history indicates clearly what may be accomi)lished when aml)ition and determination lead the way. There are no spectacular chapters in his life record, but a persistency of purpose and the pow-er of carefully exe- cuting well defined plans, whei-eby he has attained his present success. GEORGE F. MUNROE. The rov- ince as one who took an active and helpful part in many public events and as one who was associated with the pioneer development of the district. Ac- companied by ids bi-other-in-law, John Henderson, and other Kildonan youths he walked and drove to the city of St. Paul on many occasions and more than once in his young numhood he also walked or rode hiirsebai-k to Prince Albert and made other long trips over the i)rairies l)efore the country was elaimrd and setlhnl or ))oundary fences impedeil progress. He was one of the boatmen who t'scurted Sir Garnet (now \'iseount) Wolseley into Wimiipcg when he landed at the time of the first Kiel rebellion. For more than three decades he occupied the position of secretary-treasurer of the East Kildonan school and llie cause of education ever found in him a stanch champion. He was also secretary-treasurer of the municipalily of Kildonan for a period of thirty- seven ye;ii-s and resigned only almut thri'e months i)ri(>r 1o his demise, retiring on account of ill health. In Si-ptcmbcr, 1SS5, Mr. JIunroe was united in marriage to iliss ^Maude IlopixT. of Piusley. Her father, John Hopper, with his wife, who was Mary .McWiliiams, brought his fanuly to Manitoba and for a time followed farming at Kildonan but hiter removed to the west. To Mr. and ilrs. ]\Iunroe were iiorn tluee daughters, Mary M., Marjorie H., and Ina Frazer, all living with tlu'ir mother. The last named like her father is a graduate of ]Manitol)a College. .Ml-. ;\lunroe's home was most attractively situated in a beautiful spot on the banks (if the lied river on the East Kildonan road, ami there he passed away. Frali'rnaiiy he was connected with the Masons and belonged to many clubs of \\ iiii'h lie was a p(i]mlar and valued member. He also belonged to the Kildonan i'resiiyterian cliurch and held every office in its gift. He was recognized as a man of the highest integrity wliose word was above question and whose ways were those of retinement. Superior intelligence was coupled with a high sense of honor and made his life one of great usefulness and worth. WALT Elf W. IRELA.Xl). Waltei- W. Ireland, eonductini;- a retail luml)er and coal business at Car- berry since the spring of 18SS iias been a resident of the province of Manitoba siiK'i' March, INSO. and was born in Dublin, Ii-i'land, October 8, 184"). His par- ents, William W. and ]\Iary {Bryan) Ireland, are bolli deceased ami were laid to rest in Count.v Wicklow, Ireland, At the usual age Walter W, Ireland en- tered the ])ublic schools wherein he continued his studies to the age of thirteen. He afterward assisted his father on the home farm for a short time and tiien sought a jiosition in commercial circles, becoming cash boy for the firm of Fau- eett Hi'ulali & Company of Dublin, with whom he continued for a year. On the expiration of that pci-iod he returned to his father's iiome where he remained until he came to Canada in 18G7. Times were very hard at that period, how- 136 THE i=;tory of :\rAXTTOr>A ever, and he crossed the l)ordcr into tlie United States where he worked on a railroad for a few months. Ho tiien went to Halifax in eonnection with the Inter-Colonial Railroad, acting as chainman with the survey with which he continued until 1S71, having, however, in the meantime been promoted to a better position. Subsequently he took up his abode at Kanias((ita as construction engineei- aiul was sent liy Sir Sanford Fleming to British Columbia as leveler on the sui-vey. While thus engaged he and his jtarty explored the noi-th Thompson river to its head waters, crossing from that to the Fraser river which has its source in ^Moose lake at Yellow Head pass. In the party were thirty men who in the winter run short of provisions so th.it Mr. Ireland volunteered to go to Kaudoops to obtain supplies. He necessarily met many hardships and difficul- ties upon the trip but succeeded in obtaining provisions from the Hud.son's Bay Company for the men left behind. He remained at Kandoops from April until the 1st of iMay, when Roderick McLellan, chief engineer, returned from Ottawa and work was recommenced. The party was organized to explore the Clear- watei- river in the Horse Fly country and Mr. Ireland crossed the Fraser river at Lac la Haehe and explored the Chilcnteu river, cro.ssing over to the head of the Ilonutica valley and returning that fall to Victoria and to Vancouver. At the latter i)laee I\Ir. Ireland remained in the office, preparing plans until i-ecalled to Ottawa in February, 1873. He was next sent to Nipigon and made explora- tions between Nipigon and Port Arthur, returning to Ottawa the same fall. He afterward went to Ireland on a six months' furlough and in April, 1874, again came to Canada, joining the forces at Ottawa. He was attached to a party that made explorations between Pembroke and French river and in the same fall retui-ned. In February, 1875, he was .sent to Port Arthur by way of Diduth and assisted in the exploration of Lac des 'SUWe Laes. He next returned to Sturgeon Falls, on Rainey river, and the same sunuuer he aided in locating St. Francis canal, after which he was recalled to Port Arthur, the headquarters of the Canadian Pacific Railroad. From 1876 until 1880 he was at Fort AVil- liams engaged in the location and construction of the Canadian Pacific and in !March of the latter year he came to Winnipeg. In May, however, he went to Emerson, Manitoba, and entered the lumber business as a partner in the firm of "Wardrobe & Company. They suffered greatly through the flood of 1882 but still continued in business until 1885. The next year Mr. Ireland opened a lum- ber yard at Boissevain, ^Manitoba, which he conducted luitil 1887. and in 1888 he eame to Carberry, where he established a retail lumber and coal business in which he has since been winning substantial success. Various changes in his life have made him acquainted with much of the history of the development and progress of the west. Now he is living in Carberry, the enterprising city giving him ample scope for the exercise of his industry and energy — his dominant qualities. While on a furlough Mr. Ireland was nmrried in Dublin to iliss Elizabeth Sandford, of that city, who died in 1884. He was again married jMarch 28, 1888, to Jfiss Margaret Nicol, a daughter of Erskin and Margaret Nicol. The family nundiers two daughters and a son : Hazel M., the wife of R. Y. Eaton, who is first vice president of the T. Eaton Company of Winnipeg and Toronto: Er- skin Wallace, a student in Manitoba College; and Edith Isabelle. who is attend- ing school. The daughter has won two diplomas from the Toronto Conservatory of jMusic. The family residence in Carberry was erected by Mr. Ireland and is one of the attractive homes in the village. Mr. Ireland is a conservative but places partisanship in the background when no political issue is involved. He is, however, serving as president of the Dominion Conseiwative Association of Portage la Prairie. He was the first mayor of Carberry and is chairman of the license department, district No. 1, of Manitoba, which office he has filled since 1S9S. He is ex-president of the Mani- toba and Saskatchewan Lumbermens Association in which he is still serving as director. He belongs to the Ancient Order of United Workmen, is a Scottish Rite Mason and is a member of the Church of England. As the years have gone THE STORY OP MANITOBA 137 liy Mv. IrelaiKl has been au interested witness of the changes which have occurred with the building of the railroads and the subsequent settlement of Manitoba and the west. He has played no unimportant part in tliis work and is concentrating his energies upon the upbuilding of a city that in its diii'er- ent phases indicates the progressive spirit of the times. A. N. McLEOD, M. D. Dr. A. N. McLeod has been practicing medicine and sui'gery in Stonewall since 18!);5 and has l)uilt up a large practice. He lias the coutidenee of the peo- j)le of the disti'ict. for it is known that he discharges his professional duties with a sense of conscientious obligation because of his thorough understanding of the responsibilities which devolve upon the physician. He was born in Kildonan, .Manitoba, in liSiiS, and is a son of Mui'doch and Frances (Munroe) McLeod, the former a native of Rosshire, Scothuul, and the latter of ilanitoba. The fatiier of our subject left his native country and came to Hudson Ba.y in the employ of the Hudson's Bay Company. He worked in their interests for ten or twelve years l)ut finally engaged in farming, following this occupation until his death. His wife has also passed away. To their union were born seven children: George Jlunroe, deceased; Janet, the wife of James Smith, of Qu'Apj)elle, Saskatchewan; Donald, of Kildonan; Robert, who has passed away; A. N., of this review; Annie, who married Angus IMcKay, of Kildonan; and Angus Matheson, who is also deceased. Dr. McLeod 's early education was received in the public schools of East Kildonan and this was supplemented by a course in the Manitoba University at Winnipeg. He had early learned to .study medicine and accordingl.y entered the Manitoba Medical College and w-as graduated in 1893. Immediately afterward he opened his office in Stonewall, where he has remained continuously since that time. He has gained recognition as au able and successful phjsician and by his labors, ids iugh jjrol'essional attainments and his sterling characteristics has jus- tified the ri'spect and confidence in which he is held. On the 13th of October, 1898, Dr. :\IcLeod married Miss Margaret Arnett. a daughter of Lewis and Angelina (Hughes) Arnett. Dr. and Mrs. McLeod have three children : Alan Ainiett, Jlargaret Helen and Francis Marion. The family are members of the Presbyterian church. In the official life of Stonewall Dr. McLeod has been well known and pi'oiui- nent for a number of yeai-s. He served one tci'in as mayoi\ giving to the town a ])rogressive and straightforw'ard administration, and he was for some time a member of the town council. He is well known in the Masonic order and is past wtn-shipful nuister of Stonewall Lodge, No. 12, A. F. & A. M. In his jiro- fcssional relations he'keeps abrea.st of the most advanced thought, continually broadening his knowledge through study and investigation until now his al)ilily places him in the foremost ranks of the medical fraternity in this pnvt of llie province. PETER CAMPBELL MdNTViJE. Peter Campbell Jlelntyre is one of the iironunent and widely known citizens of Winnipeg, where he has resided for more than a third of a century. In 1901 h(> was appointed postmaster of the city and throughout the intervening years has ably discharged tln' duties devolving upon him in that connection, l-'or eight years, or from 1892 until 1900, he represented Nortii Wiiini|)eg in the jirovincial legislature in the liberal intei'csts. He was born near the town of I'erlh, Lanark county, Ontario, on the 5th of February, 18.')4, his parents being 138 THE STORY OF :\rAXTTOP,A lluirli ami Janet (C'ami)l)eH) Jlclutyre, the i'oriuer a native of Perthshire, Scot- land, and the latter of Canada. In the early ';jUs they settled in Lanark county, Ontario, where for many years Hugh Mclntyre was successfully engaged in gen- eral agricultural pui'suits. Peter C. ^Idntyrc olitaiiicd his education in the pulilii- school of Balderson and also i>ursued a course of study in the C'oUcf;iate Institute at i'erth, Ontario. When seventeen years of age he l)ei;an teaching, following that pi-ofession for a pei'iod of eight years or until IMSO. In 1878 he came to Jlanitoha, located in \Vinnipeg and here taught si-hool during the following two years. In 188U he embarked in the ])rintiiig busines.s, continuing in that line of activity for two decades or until ILtUU. The following year he was api)ointed po.stniaster, which position he has held to the present time and the duties of which he has dis- charged in an etficient and satisfactory manner. In the business life of his city he is also an active factor, being now vice president of the Home Investment & Savings A.ssociation and a director iu the (Jreat West Life Assurance Com- pany, the Standartl Trusts Comi)any and the Hritisli Xortwest Fire Insurance Comi)any. In November, 1892, in JMinneapolis, ^Minnesota, .\Ir. Melutyrc was united iu marriage to Mi.ss Emily Kerr, her father being James Kerr, a native of New Briuiswick and one of the early settlers of Winnipeg. Mr. Mclntyre has ever been a stanch friend of the cause of education and for ten years served as a member of the Wiunijieg public school board, acting as chairman of the same from 188") until 181)0. He is a member of the Canadian, Manitoba and St. Charles Country Clubs, and golf and curling atford him pleas- ure as well as recreation. He also belongs to the Westminster Pi-esbyterian church and is a member of its board of trustees. His life is exemi)lary iu all respects and he ever supports those interests which are calculated to ui)lift and benefit humanity, while his moral worth is deserving of the higiiest commenda- tion. WILLIAM FRASER. With the death of William Frascr in September, 1909, there passed from the scene of earthly activity one whose life iu its various phases denoted un- faltering allegiance to high principles of manhood, citizenship and Christian- ity. During a considerable period he was closely identified with agricultural interests and development in this part of the country but his later years were spent in comparative (juiet and retirement. He was born in Kildonan in 1832, a son of James Eraser, who was one of the Selkirk settlers. The youthful experiences of William Eraser were those which usually fall to the lot of the sons of pioneers. His early environment was that of the farm and he ac<|uired his preliminar.v education in the common schools. His education, liowever, was largely self-acquired, outside of the school room, for he read extensively and, morcH)vcr, leai-netl uuuiy valuable lessons iu the school of exjierience. He lived on the old home farm on the west side of tlie river where his father had taken up his abode as a pioneer settler, and there he carried on general agri- cultural pursuits year after year, bringing his fields to a high state of culti- vation and aiding materially in the work of progress along agricultural lines. About 1880, however, he removed across the river, purchasing a place upon the banks of the stream, where he built a home and lived in comparative ease and retirement to the time of his demise. However, he performed important public duties, for following his removal to the east side of the river he served as a memlier of the council for twenty-two years and was otherwise actively and helpl'ully interested in affairs of public moment. He seemed to recognize the value or otherwise of any project or pulilic movement and tlie fact that he indorsed a measure lent intluenee iu gaining for it other support. "WII.MAM i'KASKi; THE STORY OF MANITOBA 141 JMr. Frascr was married in the old Presbyterian ehureh in Kildonan, November 29, 1855, to Miss Annie IMaclieth, who was bora March 20, 1833, a daughter of John MacBeth, born in Kihlonan parish of Scotland, who came to this country with two eomi)anions in 1812, arriving in advance of the colony of settlers who accompanied Lord Selkirk. He converted a wild tract of land into a productive and attractive farm and built thereon a good house. He married Helen ilalliewson and reared a family of eleven children but only two, Mrs. Frascr and her brother, Angus, wlio was forty-two years in the Hud- son's Bay Company's service, are now living. ]Mr. ]\IacBeth took a most active and helpful part in the early development of this country and like other pioneer settlers experienced all the hardships and privations of life on the frontier. He died in 1881 at the venerable age of eighty-six yeai's, while his wife reached the age of seventy-six years. Mrs. Fraser was born on the old homestead in Kildonan West and there spent her girlhood days. She is today the only living representative of the original mcuiljcrship of the Kildonan church. She had no children of her own but the natural generosity and spirit of helpfulness of IVIr. and Mrs. Fraser prompted them to rear three adopted children; Dr. W. R. D. Sutherland, deceased; Christiana M., now ^Irs. Robert Tait; and Jemima, now Mrs. \V. R. Ross. Both Mr. and Mrs. Fraser were active, helpful and prominent members of the Kildonan Presbyterian church which Mr. Fraser aided in building, while at all times hi' contributed generously to its support. His political indorsement was given to the conservative party. He never shrunk from duty, public or private, and was first among those who aided in the advancement of any good cause for the Ijenefit of the individual or the community at large. His life was indeed well spent, and high principles and noble qualities won him a measure of respect bej^ond that given to most individiuils. J. J. MILLIDGE. There seems to be inborn in the sturdy Scotch race a talent for financial operations and it is the shrewd, thrifty, prudent and honest Scot who more than the representatives of any other nation seems to be adapted to the banking pro- fession. His inherent (|ualitics fit him particularly for this most important i)i'ancli of connnorcial activities and as a guiding hand on the helm of the atfairs of a bank he has gaineil a sviccess second to none. J. J. IMillidge has been the manager of the Union Bank of Canada at Brandon since March, 1910, and com- bines these qualities with a spirit of progressiveness, which make him a most (■f!icient banking officer. He has added to his native talent a wide knowledge of all l)ranches of the banking business and he today occujiies an important ]iosition in the comnu>rcial life of the city in which ho resides. He was born in Edin- burgh, Scotland, on the 10th of December, 18G8, and is a sou of J. J. and Elleu (Taite) Millidge, of that city. The father was a manufacturer of silverware af Fdinliurgh and was honored and esteemed by all who had associations with hiui. He died in 1882, at the age of sixty-five years, and his wife passed away in 1893, aged fifty-four years. Both are buried in the Warriston cemetery at Edinburgh. Scotland, though it be rich in the history of noble and brave men who pre- served its entity and ]ilaced it in the front raidv of nations, is not a country of material wealth and from this storied land of fair (|ucens and daring knights anil loyal men wiio Iniigiit for ]irinciples of manhootl s.-dlied forth numberless thousands to all parts nf llie world to seek fortunes, and in all jiarts of the world they siKMi'cdcd. J. J. ^lillidgc, seeking for larger o|i|)()rtunities. chose the Cana- dian west for his field of operation and came to ilanitolia in June. 1SS9. He received his preliminary education at the Royal high .school in Edinburgh and completed the same with a course at the Edinliurgii rniversity in 1888. The fol- 142 THE STDIA' OF .t>I.\XITOBA lowing: year lip oarac to tliis foiiiiti-y and eiigasrcd in farming for ono year. At the end of that time he entered the employ of the I'uion Bank of Canada at Win- nipeg and was promoted gradnaiiy and steadily to more imjiortant ]iositions in its various branehes until he was, in January, 1S98, appointed manager of the branch at Boissevain, Manitoba, where he remained for twelve years. In 1910 he was transferred to the Brandon branch. Since he has taken charge of the affairs of the bank its operations have materially expaniled and its business has increased in a remarkable degree. lie is a sound judge of human nature and this (juality stands him in good stead in safeguarding the investments of the institution. lie is able, wide-awake and ]))-ogressive and his management has brougiit the local branch to its present flourishing condition. Mr. Slillidge was married, at lioissevain, Manitoba, on the 10th of October, 1903, to Miss Saidee E. Frank, a daughter of Captain J. C. Frank, of Lucan, Ontario, and they have one sou, John A. The family residence is at No. 564 Fif- teenth street. Mr. Millidge gives his support to the conservative party and his i-eligious belief is that of the Church of England. He is a bine lodge and chap- ter Mason and a member of the Canadian Order of Foresters. Since his resi- dence in Brandon Mr. IMillidge has by his likable ways made many friends, who greatly esteem him for his (|ualities of mind and character. He takes a laudable interest in affairs of a public nature and his coming to Brandon has been of decided advantage to the city. As otificer of one of the most important financial institutions he is the prudent friend and adviser to many who consult him on financial transactions and investments. His business reputation is of the highest character and in an indirect way he has been responsible for the progress and expansion of the city by extending financial aid wherever needed. JAMES J. KILGOUR. James J. Kilgour, as president of the Kilgour-Rimer Company, Ltd., whole- salers in boots and shoes at 87 Princess street. AYinnipeg, is at the head of one of the largest industries in the city, doing a yearly business of over a million dol- lars. He was born in Montreal, Quebec, in 1864, and is a son of Robert and Margaret (Jackson) Kilgour. The parents came to Jlanitoba in 1867 and were among the first settlers at the Boyne. The father there engaged in farm- ing and followed this occupation successfully for the rest of his life. James J. Kilgour left home when a boy of only ten years and crossed the bor- der to the United States, going to Iowa. Here he worked at farming during the summer months and in the winters attended school. Three months before he reached the age of nineteen, in 1883, he returned to Winnipeg and entered the mercantile field. He began as a clerk in the boot and shoe business of Thomas Ryan & Company and in a few months, by the strictest economy, saved one hundred dollars and then founded a retail shoe store in partnership with F. W. Rimer. During the first years the business amounted to twelve thousand dollars and had a steady growth from its inception. For twelve years they suc- cessfully conducted their store and in 1895 branched into the wholesale boot and shoe business under the name of the Kilgour-Rimer Company, Ltd. The first officers of this company were : James J. Kilgour, president : F. W. Rimer, vice president : and John B. Kilgour. secretary and treasurer. Mr. Rimer died January 1, 1908, after an association of exactly twenty-five years with our subject" The business has grown to extensive dimensions and they now employ nine travelers, thirty warehousemen and ten men on their office staff. The yearly overturn is in excess of one million dollars. The firm's interests extend beyond their local house and they are heavy investors in three factories in the east and control the stock of the Independent Rubber Company of Merritton, Ontario, and the Western Shoe Company of Berlin, that province. They are also the owners of the Regal shoe stores at Winnipeg and Toronto. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 143 Mr. Kilgour is married and resides at 93 Harvard avenue. He is a member of Ionic Lodge, No. 25, A. F. & A. M., of the Carlcton Club and the Winnipeg Automobile Club. Ilis success must be largely attributed to his perception of detail, powers of organization, enterprise and perseverance. Throuoh these ([ualities he has Imilt up a wholesale house of national importance and has con- tributed in no mean way to the prosperity of the city and gained success for himself. A. T. CONDELL, M. D. T\u' medical profession of Brandon finds a \vorthy exponent in its ranks in Dr. A. T. Condell, who has been jn-acticing medicine and sui'geiy at 114 Tenth street since 1902. Since locating in this city visible success has attended his labors aiitl by his kind spirit towai'd humanity, combined with his skill and lgrees of M. D., C. M., and in 1903 was granted by the same university the degree of IMaster of Arts. In 1902 he began to practice in Brandon and ever since has been I'eiiiarkalily successful in his profession. His s'-rvices are greatly sought and his patronage extends to people of all walks of life. He gives the same careful attention and service to the poor as to the rich and seeks true I'emuneration not only in financial returns. l)ut mostly in the satisfaction of hav- ing don<' woi-k well i)erl'ormed. His jn-actice has a.ssuined such i)roportions that his financial returns have been very gratifying and he is interested in a consid- erable amount of real estate in the cit.v. Dr. Condell was married at Vancouver, British Columbia, on August 27, 1904. to ^liss Katherine Kewisb. a daughter of Mr. and ]\lrs. John Kewish. The father was a farmer in that most romantic spot of the T'uited Kingdom — the Isle of Man. Dr. and Mrs. Condell have one daughter and one son. Kathleen ami John Tyndall. Their home is one of extensive and warm-hearted hospitality and theii' many friends often gather at their (ireside to jiass a iileasant hour. Dr. Condell atlheres to the Pi-esbyterian church. Tlis political alliliations are with the liberal party. His fraternal connections extend to the blue lodge of the IMasonic order and he is a member of the Inde]iendent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias. For more professional rea.sons he affiliates with the Brandon ]\Iediea1 Society and the ^Manitoba and Canadian ^ledieal Associ- ations. It can be said of Dr. Condell that he is a man well liked in the truest 144 THE STORY OF ilAXlTOBA iiioiiuiu!,' of the word and that his frieuds are ininiiiu'rable. His initieiits have in hiiu thu utmost eontidt'ni-e and he gives them tlie best that is in hiiu. He has beeu a valuable addition to the life of the city and his professional reputa- tion is sueh as to solicit the indorsement of his colleagues. The Doctor is at present erecting a beautiful home at the corner of Fifteenth and ]jorne streets, where he soon liopes to greet his numy friends. HON. GEORGE LAWRENCE, M. L. A. Hon. George Lawrence, minister of agrii'ullur(> and iiiunigration, lias been continuously in public office since 1882 and his record is one characterized l)y unfaltering devotion to the public service and the adaptation of high ideals to the onerous duties of his office. For thirty-five yeai-s he has been a resident of Alanitoba and the record he has made, whether in public or private life, com- mends him to the eonfideuee, high regard and good-will of his fellow citizens. He was born in the county and province of Ontario, Jlarch 20, ISoT, a son of Noble ami Sarah (Lyons) Lawrence, both of whom were natives of L-ehmd, the father of Dublin and the mother of County Armagh. Both were re|)reseutatives of families who came to Canada in the '30s, the Lyons family arriving in ISGi, while the Lawrence familj- came in 1837, making settlemeut first in Little York, now Toronto, Ontario, but afterward removing to Pickering, Ontario county, where Noble Lawrence carried on general agrif^'ultural pursuits until his death, which occurred in 1908 when he was eighty-eight years of age. His wife passed away in 1877. The father of Noble Lawrence was likewise a farmer in Canada, but had been a merchant in Ireland, while his father-in-law, too, was a farmer. W. T. Lyons, an uucle of the Hon. George Lawrence, is still actively engaged in agricultural pursuits in Ontario, although now in his seventy-ninth year. Upon the home farm George Lawrence was reared and his early education was acquired at Zephyr, Ontario, where he received instruction from R. H. Herman. He also attended the public schools of Uxbridge and after completing his studies devoted his atteutiou to the work of the fields at his old home in Ontario until 1878. Practical experience in that department of labor well qualified him for ■the onerous and responsible duties that devolve upon him in his present official connection. He became a resident of Manitoba in April, 1878, and after a year spent in Miami went to Glenora, taking up a homestead at Rock Lake. He extended the scope of his business activities in 1883 to include the sale of agri- cultural implements at Glenora and thus was busily engaged for three years. In the spring of 1886 he removed to Killaruey, where he opened a branch house for the Massey Manufacturing Company, which he represented until July, 1892, when he resigned to contest the constituency of Killarney for the local legisla- ture, representing the conservative party in opposition to the Hon. F. M. Young, speaker of the house, who defeated him by one hundred and fifty-two votes. This was not Mr. Lawrence's initial step into politics, however, for in 1883 he had rep- resented Ward No, 1 in the council of the municipality of Derby and in 1885 represented Ward No. 1 of the municipality of Argyle. AVard No. 1 of Derby having beeu annexed to Ward No. 1 of Argyle in the previous year. He was reelected to that office b3' acclamation in 1886 and the excellent record which he made in that connection recommended him for still higher official honors. He continued to actively engage in farming until 1886, when, as previously stated, he removed to Killarney, where he has since made his home. After being de- feated at the general election of 1892 he again engaged in the agricultural imple- ment business, forming a partnership for that purpose with J. M. Baldwin. For seven years he devoted his attention and energies largely to his commercial interests, but in December, 1899, again became an active factor in politics, when he once more contested the constituency against the Hon. F. M. Young, this time defeating his opponent by one hundred and forty-three votes. He again THE STORY OF MANITOBA 145 bueame a eaudidato iu 19U3 iu a tliree-coinered contest, ruiming as a straight conservative against a liberal and an independent conservative. He was once more elected when in 19U7 he was opposed by R. L. Richardson, the liberal can- didate, wliom he defeated by one hundred and sixty-seven votes. In 1910 he wa.s opposed by G. T. Robinson, whom he defeated by a majority of two hun- dred and seven votes. In 1911 he was called into the cabinet as minister of agi'ieulture and immigration and was i-eturned by acclamation. The provincial executive offices of ]\lanitoba are most ably filled by men who from years of ex- perience are ably (lualitied to administer the affairs in a manner to elicit the approval of all. To none does this apply with greater force than to Hon. George Lawrence, the minister of agriculture and iiinnigration. He has studied closely the great and momentous questions affecting the agricultural develop- ment of the country and at all times he has maintained an interest in actual farming, being still personally connected with agricultural pursuits. He was for several years president of the Southern j\Ianitoba Agricultural Society, wliicli conducted the largest fair ever held in the world in i)roportion to the popuhition of the district. Added to practical experience Mr. Lawrence has com[)rehensive knowledge of the improved scientific methods of farming, has made a close study of conditions in the province and through the exercise of bis office is meeting the needs and possibilities of Manitoba in this direction. In adiiition to the ministerial position he now holds he has repeatedly served on many important connnittees and is regarded as one of the most capable and progressive members to be found on the conservative side of the a.ssembly. On file LJth of Decemlier, 1904, in All Saints church iu Winnipeg, was eele- liratcd flic marriage of Mr. Lawrence and JMiss Phoebe Coghlan, a daughter of .John Coghlan, a prominent tea merchant of Dublin. They are the parents of one son, Desmond George Lloyd Lawrence, who was born September 12, 1905, and was christened on board the White Star liner, Celtic, October 24, 1907. by liie Bishop of London, being perhaps the only child to be christened on the high seas by a London bishop. ]\Irs. Lawrence had been a parishioner of the bishop when he was Bishop of Stepney, and be being on this vessel, returning to Eng- land, christened the child. Fraternally Mr. Lawrence is connected with the Indcpcmlcnt Order of Foresters and was chief ranger of Killarney Court for fifteen years. lie also belongs to the Loyal Orange Legion and the R. B. P. He stands as a splendid type of Canadian progressiveness. highly esteemed as a man iind citizen, while his official record reflects -credit and honor upon the province wliich has honored him. JACOB SCOTT. Jacob Scott is manager of the Rat Portage Lumber Company and one of the most enterprising and influential men in business circles of the Stonewall dis- Irict. For many years he was closely connected with agricultural interests, for lie (iwiied a (juarter section of land near the town, which he developed and improved for sixteen years and during that time he gained a place among the leading agriculturists of this section. He was born in Peel county. Ontario, September 17, 1859. and is a son of Jacob and Eliza Jane (Erskine) Scott, natives of Dublin, Ireland. They left that city in 1S26 and crossed the Atlantic to Canada, settling in Ontario, where the father followed farming for a number of years. When he came to Manitoba in ISSl lie resumed this occu])ation and soon gained a place among the foremost agriculturists of this jiart of the prov- ince. He added to his lioldings from time to time and upon liis death in 1904 had eight hundred acres of fine land under a high state of cultivation. Ilis wife died four years previously. To tlieir union were iiorn seven children: Mary Ann, the wife of James F. .Mct.'ullough. of Brant towns]ii]i: JIargaret, who mar- ried J. IT. ^McClnre. of Balmoral; Abigail, the wit'.' of Thomas Wanlmpe. of 146 THE STORY OP MANITOBA North Dakota; Sarah J., of Balmoral; Jacob, of this review; Samuel, who resides in Argyle towuship : and Robert James, who is farmiuir on the old home- stead. Jacob Scott grew up on the home farm and reiuiiincd witli his parents until he was twenty-eiglit years of age. At tiiat time he bought a (juarter section adjoining his father's property and there took up his residence. By steady work and practical methods he soon had this farm under hitrli cultivation and developed and improved it for sixteen years, making it one of the model proper- ties of the district. In 1904 he sold iiis land and came to Stonewall, where he established himself in the lumber business. He conducted his enterprise for about four years and then sold his interests to the Rat Portage Lumber Company, who retained him as manager. During the comparatively short time he has held this ottice he has fully demonstrated his fitness, for he is a shi-ewd, cai)able busi- nessman and has besides the invaluable advantage of four j'ears' experience as an inde])endent operator. On June 28, 1S8S, JMr. Scott married Miss Jane Matheson, a daughter of John P. and Ann (Fraser) Matheson, of Stonewall. They have four children, Lillian Mj'ra, William ^lelville, Leslie P^rskine and Ann Eliza. The family are members of the Presbyterian church. Since coming to the town of Stonewall Mr. Scott has become identified with important phases of its pulilie life. He has been trustee of the town and a member of the council and has also served on the school board. All of these positions are responsible ones and in all IMr. Scott has worked ably and well, demonstrating the practical quality of his public spirit. ALEXANDER CALDER. As a pioneer merchant of Portage avenue, now the principal retail business street of Winnipeg, Alexander Calder deserves more than passing mention in this volume. His long connection with business interests here and the record which he has made entitle him to the respect and confidence of his fellow townsmen, while his energy and industry' have been salient features in the success which has attained his labors. He is now conducting a railway and steamship ticket agency at No. 663 ]\Iain street, under the firm style of Alex- ander Calder & Son. He was born at Johnston, Scotland, in 1842. and the same year his parents crossed the Atlantic, settling at Bytown, now Ottawa. The father was a pattern maker by trade, having served his apprenticeship in Lord Elgin's works. In the fall of 1842 he established the first cabinet-maker's shop in Bytown and there resided for six years, after which he conducted a similar business at Brantford, Ontario, for three years. On the expiration of that period he removed to London, Ontario, in 1853. and carried on business in that citj' for twenty-eight years, contributing largely to its industrial de- velopment. With the removal of the family to London, Alexander Calder pursued his education in the schools of that city and carried with him to the outset of his business career the qualities of ambition, determination and energy, so that his advancement was rapid. He became the superintendent of the first street railway in London, Ontario, and entered upon active business connections with the west when in 1879 he arrived in Winnipeg as the representative of George Jackson, implement manufacturer, and John Campbell, carriage manufacturer. In 1879 ^Ir. Calder also erected a building for warehouse purposes on ^laiu street which has been for years used as the Iroquois Hotel. In 1880 he opened a store on Portage avenue, this being the first business house on that thorough- fare outside of the Farmers' Home Hotel. There he continued until 1883, when he entered the employ of the Canadian Pacific Railroad Companj' as ticket agent and employer of labor on construction, in which latter capacity he ALEXANDER CALDER THE STORY OF MANITOBA 149 is still engaged. lie luis enlarged the scope of liis business, however, to in- clude general insurance, of which life insurance is a factor, and also the ex- l^ress and nuniey order business. At the same time he is the representative for various steamship lines along liotli the Atlantic and Pacilic coasts. He also conducts a private banking dej^artment and he has brought his business to a point where the company can book a traveler to any part of the world. For twenty-eight years the business has been carried on in the block on ilain street, between Logan and Henry streets. In 1866 Jlr. ('alder was married to Miss Rebecca Ann AVilliams, a daughter of John and Amanda (Finch) Williams, of Heachville, Ontario. The father was a member of the old Hugh Lawless family that came from the United States to Canada at the time of the Revolutionary war. Unto Mr. and ]\Irs. ('alder have been born seven children, of whom five are living, one son, Arthur Jj., being his father's partner in business since 1S)12, previous to which time he was for twenty-one years connected with the passenger department of the Canadian Pacitic Railway as traveling and district passenger agent, having charge for a time of the business of that company in Washington, Oregon and California. The family resides at 7!)7 Broadway, in Winnipeg. ]\Ir. ('aider belongs to the Ancient Landmark Lodge, No. :5, A. F. & A. il., and has ever been loyal to the teachings of the craft. The city of iJrandon lias also largely profited by the activities of Mr. Calder for he there erected in 18813 the second building in the town, which structure was used as a warehouse for a while, but later was converted into a residence and occupied as such by Amos Rowe. The lumber for this building was shipped by the boat The Mar<|uette from Winnipeg and, laid down in Brandon, cost him one hundred and tifty doUai's per thousand feet. He also, in 18S4. built tile (Jrand A'iew Hotel of Brandon, which for yeai's was one of the best known hiistelries in western Canada. Mr. Calder was the first individiial owner of town lot |)r()perty in Brandon which he had purchased before the Canadian Pacific Railroad had auctioned ott' any lots in that town. To have remained in business for twent.v-eight years in the same block is not only indicative of the fact tliat Mr. Calder is well known in business con- nections but also proves that he has made an excellent record and one that will bear close investigation and scrutiny. For a third of a century he has lived in Winnipeg and the salient ipialities, which he displayed throughout the I ntire i)eriiul. eoiiimand lor liim the eonfidenee and gooil will of all. \V. J. IIARRiyOTON, M. D. Dr. W. J. Harrington, engaged in the practice of medicine and surgery at Dauphin, is a luitive of Ontario, born at Wellington, I\Iay 11, 1S71, a son of T. M. and Margaret (Thompson) Harrington. The family is of old Irish origin anil has lieen in Canada for 1hi-ee genei-ations. The father of our subject was one of the ])ioneer contractors of Winnipeg and built a great many of tlie most im])ortant iiuildings in that city. He has been a stanch conservative all his life and is at i)resent well known in local alfairs. In the aei|uirement of an edueation Dr. Hari'ington attended the jniblic schools of Winnii>eg and later was a student in the Wiinii]ieg Collegiiite Insti- tute. When ho laid aside his books he worked in the Paulim biscuit factory until the age of sixteen, in which year he reentered the Collegiate Institute and l)repared himself for teaching, wliieii occupation he followed until the age of Iwenty-foui-. Detcrminent position as the great center of trade of the Canadian west. liorn at Bowmanville, Ontario, in 1864, he is a son of Thomas and Catherine (Morton) Christie. The father followed commercial pursuits in the eastern town and from there removed to upper Canada in 186:5, where he successfully engaged in the real-estate l)usincss and also acted as financial agent for investors. He was a man greatly esteemed by his fellow citizens and enjoyed the confidence of his pati'ons to a large extent. Melbourne F. Christie was educated in the high school at Bowmanville and at the age of seventeen discontinued his lessons and crossed the tiorder on his way to Chicago, whei'e he was employed for one year. In 1882 he returned to Canada, and coming to the great west of the Dominion, where lai-ger oppor- tunities awaited a young nuin of spirit and cuteri)rise, located in Winnipeg, where he a.ssociated himself with G. F. Stephens in founding the firm of G. F. Steiihens & Company, manufacturers of paints and jobbers of painters' sup- plies. The business enjoyed healthy progress from its beginning and in 19(11 the partners decided U]>on incorporation and the firm became G. F. Stephens & Company Ltd.. of which our subject was elected to the important positions of sccretary-fi-easurer and manager. The tirst (piarters the firm occu]iied in 1SS2 were a single store, twenty-Kve by sixty feet, in the old Curry building on I'oi-tage avenue, but after four years their trade bad increased to such projior- lions that they had to look for a new location, to permit of enlarging theii- plant, and they removed to the premises which are now occupied by the Bank of Hochelaga. There they remained only one year, when another change of location to Market street was made, where they had purchased a three-story i)rick building, which was the nucleus of the present large ])lant. The ground space Ihey now occujiy on ^Market street is one lunuired and ten feet by one hundred and seventy feet in depth and the modern, well lighted facton- occu- pies live stiH'ies and basement. In addition to this i)lant they also have a factory on I-lmpress street, St. James, Winnijieg, where they numufactiire varnishes onl\-. They own a large warehouse at Calgary, whei-e they keep a complet(> slock of all their goods. This is used as their western distributing agency. Their employes number up to one hundred, aiul ten traveling sales- men iU'c continually on the road. Their business extends from the head of the Great Lakes to the racilic coa.st. As secretary-treasurer and manager of this important industry .Mr. Christie occupies an eminent jiositiou in commercial circles of the city of Winnipeg. He has by his eiileriu'ise. industry and easy gras]) of detail been largely instrumental in building up this large manufai'tory from a small beginning, and just such men as he might truly be called the industrial leaders of a city. Altiiough stich men may not be conspicuous in 152 THE STORY OF MANITOBA the public eye, they are in reality the true leaders of a progressive movemeut which brin^ expansion and prosperity. Mr. Christie is also interested in the Manitoba Linseed Oil Comjiauy, oi: wluch he is the vice president. Tlie fore- most position which he holds in manufacturing: circles is evident from various important oflices he tilled in trade associations of this kiud. lie was in 1911 chairman and, in 1912, vice i)rcsident of the ilanitolia Ijrandi of the Canadian JMannfacturers Association; vice i^resident of the Winnipeg Board of Trade in 1912; and is chairman of the Trade Expausiou Committee of the Winnipeg Industrial Bureau. In 19U5 Jlr. Christie was married to Miss Kathleen Campbell, a daughter of Robert and Mary (Embree) Campbell, of Los Angeles, California, formerly residents of Tictou, Nova Scotia. Mr. and JMrs. Christie have one son, Keith Melbourne. The family home is at No. 112 Wilmot place, over which Mrs. Christie graciously presides aud where they extend warm-hearted hosjjitality to their many friends. Mr. Christie is a member of the Masonic orch'r, belong- ing to Northern Light Lodge, No. lU, A. V. & A. M. The ^Manitoba Club carries his name on its roster aud his manner of recreation is indicated in his membei-ship in the St. Charles Country Club and the Lake of the Woods Yacht Club, in which he seeks recuperation from his arduous business duties. He has made an enviable record in business and his course has been marked by steady progress, gained through ready utilization of every opportunity that has presented itself. He is a man strongly marked by character aud has coine to be recognized as a forceful element in this conununity, his sterling traits having won the high regard aud coutidence of high and low. At all times he has been actuated by laudable ambition, which has carried him forward to success, and his industry and energy have found substantial reward in a most gratifying degree of prosperity. S. ROBINSON, M. D. V. Dr. S. Roliinson, who is a member of the firm of Coxe & Robinson, veterinary surgeons, with offices at No. 149 Ninth street, was born in Banbridge, Ireland, on the 30th of April, 1858. where liis father and grandfather were bleachers and linen manufacturers. They subsequently removed to Kilkenny. He is a son of John aud Sarah Robinson, lioth of whom passed their entire lives in the Emerald isle and are buried in a cemetery at Kilkenny. The boyhood of S. Robinson was passed in the home of his parents, his early education being acquired in the Brownstown College of his native city. He subsequently studied for four years in Santry College, Dublin, but at the expiration of that time he returned to Kilkenny aud assisted his father with the cultivation of the home farm. Having resolved to seek a home in America, he later took passage for Canada and in 1891 located in the province of Mani- toba. Here he continued his agricultural pursuits for some years, and then took up the study of veterinary surgery at Ontario, being awarded his degree in 1904. About "two years prior to his graduation, in 1902, he became asso- ciated with Dr. Coxe, with whom he has ever since been engaged in practice. They are both practical men of efficient training and have met with a good measure of success and are ranked with the leading representatives of their profession in Brandon. Feeling the need of more extensive knowledge in some particular lines of his science, Dr. Robinson took, in 1906, a course iu the Veterinary College at Chicago, Illinois, of which he is a graduate. He is a man who applies himself earnestly to whatever he undertakes, continuously striving to bring himself up to the highest standard of attainment possible iu his profession. In Chicago on the 6th of June, 1908, Dr. Robinson was united in marriage to Mrs. E. M. Smvth, the widow of the late Frederick L. Smyth, of Dublin, and THE STORY OP MANITOBA 153 a native of Cork, Ireland, and they liave established a home at No. 520 Thir- teenth street, where they are very pleasantly loeated. Praternallj- Dr. Robinson is a Master ilason and he is also a nicinl)er of the Cajiadiau Order of Foresters. In polities he is independent, giving his support to such men and measures as he deeins best adajited to meet the exigencies of the situation. Dr. Robinson is widely known and highly regarded in this vicinity liy reason of his personal worth as well as his professional ability, and has manv stanch friends. ALBERT BLELLOCK IH'DSON. Albert Blellock Hudson, for thirteen years a practitioner of the bar of Winnipeg, with a j)ractice that has connected him with much important litiga- tion tried in the courts of his district, was born in Pembroke. Ontario, August 21, 1875, his parents being Albert and Elizabeth ( Blellock i Hudson. The father was a native of the province of Quebec and the mother of Ottawa. Ontario, but lx)th have pas-sed awa.y. Albert B. Hudson was the eldest of their three sons and in 1878. when but three years of age. was brought by his parents to iManitoba, the family home being established at Portage la Prairie. "When a youth of six he entei'ed the public schools there and passed through con- secutive grades in the acquirement of his education, laying a good foundation upon which to build the sujierstructure of legal learning in later years. He stiidied law in the office of Judge ^lacDonald at Portage la Prairie and in 1898 came to AViunipeg, where he took the degree of Bachelor of Law. The next year he was called to the bar and began practice in Winnipeg, where he has since remained. Entering a profession wherein advancement must depend entirely iipon individual merit, he has steadily worked his way upward, pre- paring his eases with great thoroughness and care and presenting his cause in a clear, concise and forcible manner. He is a member of the council of the ^tanitoba Bar Association and is a liencher of the IManitoba Law Society. On the 30th of December, 1908, 'Sir. Hudson was married, at Pembroke, Ontario, to ^liss Mary B. Russell, of that place. Both are Presbyterians. His ]ioli1icaI indorsement ilr. Hudson gives to the liberal jiarty and his social nature finds expression in his membership in the Manitoba, St. Charles Country, AVinnipeg Golf and Assinil)oine Curling Clubs. W. G. MURPHY. One of the foremost citizens of Carberry is W. G. IMurphy. who owns and operates a department store here and at Binscarth. in connection with which he is also extensively engaged in ranching. For fourteen years he has lieen a i-csidcnt of ^Fanitoba. but he is a native of the jirovince of Ontario, his birth having occurred at Mitchell on the 8th of Alay, 1858. His parents were Gabriel and .Marian (Allcocki Jluri)hy. jiioneer farming jieople of that vicinity. They ai'c both dccea.sed. the mother's death having oecui'r(>d in 1S68 and that of the father in 1872, and are buried in the cemetery at JMitchell. The early years of W. G. Murphy were passed on the home farm in the vicinitj' of Jlitchell. where he attended school until he was a youth of fourteen ycai's. Having decided to adopt a commercial career he subsequently entered llie employ of the mei'cjintile firm of Babb & Ford of Jlitehell. in whose employ he remained initil 18S]. In the latter year he tieeame as.sociated with T. S. Ford in the purcha.se of the business which they conducted under tiie firm name of Ford & ilurphy for eleven years. In 1892, they dissolvi'd i^ii-tnership. Mr. Alnrphy bu\ing another store under the name of W. G. Afiirpliy & Com- 154 THE STORY OF MANITOBA pany and conducted the same until 1898. Immediately thereafter he came to Carberry and established the store he has since conducted with such excellent success. He has been accorded an excellent patronage from the first and is now the proprietor of one of the largest and most flourishing mercantile con- eern.s in the city. His stock is large and well assorted, he gives emiiloyment to ten ]>eople and is conducting his business in the progressive and enteri)rising manner which invariably leads to i)rosperity. Of recent years he has e.xlendcd the scope of his mercantile activities by establishing a similar concern at Bin- scarth, and is meeting with an equal degree of success in its development. Since locating here Jlr. ilurphy has acquired extensive realty interests and is the owner of a grain ranch in the operation of which he constantly engages the services of fifteen peo-jile. Together witli T. j\I. Leggctt he also owns a stock ranch of twenty-five hundred acres, where they are raising a high grade of cattle, horses and swine. They employ a sixty horse-power gasoline engine in breaking up their land and this year put in a thousand-acre crop. They have fifteen men working on the latter i)laee and have every rea.son to feel gratified with the success they are experiencing in the development of their project. Mr. j\Iurphy is a man of such marked versatility and general busi- ness sagacity that he is capable of directing his activities along various and diverse lines with more than an average degree of success. lie is alert, keen in his discernment and sound in his judgments, all of which ([ualities enable him to readily recognize the possibilities of a business proposition with a full appreciation of both its weak and strong ]ioints. At Quebec on the 31st of August. 1887. ]Mr. j\Iurpliy was united in nmrriage to ]Miss Julia Griffith, a daughter of Ileniy Griffith, one of the foremost boot and shoe manufacturers of that city, where he also occupies a prominent posi- tion in Masonic circles. Of this marriage there were born three daughters and a son in the following order of birth : Aileen A. C, a graduate of the Con- servatory of Music at Toronto ; Marjory, who was graduated from Glen Mawr at Toronto; and Griffith and Allison, both of whom are attending school. i\Irs. JMurphy jiassed away in 1906 and was laid to rest in the cemetery of this city. The family residence, which was erected by Mr. ]Murphy, is one of the finest in Carberr\' and is located in a most desirable section. ilr. Murphy is a stanch member of the Episcopal church, as was also his wife, and has for eleven years held the office of warden. His fraternal rela- tions are confined to his membership in the Independent Order of Foresters. He takes an active interest in all matters affecting the welfare of the city and is a member of the board of trade. His political suppoi't he accords to the conservative party and has been a member of the board of aldermen, in which capacity he gave efficient service, being one of the public-spirited, progressive citizens of the comnumity. Mr. Murphy is held in high repute in the business and political as well as the social circles of the city, being known as one of the leaders in every advance movement or in the promotion of any public utility, and has been a most valuable acquisition not only to Carberry but this entire section, toward the development of which he has made extensive contributions. JOHN H. G. Rl'SSELL. John H. G. Russell is one of the leading arcliitects of JIanitoba, practicing bis profession largely in Winnipeg. Toronto claims him as a native son, his birth having there occurred in 1862. His parents, James and Fannie II. (Gordon) Russell, were natives of Scotland but became acquainted and were married on this side of the Atlantic. The father is still living but the mother passed away a number of years ago. John H. G. Russell pursued his educatiou in the Model School at Toronto and when sixteen years of age entered upon tlie study of arcliitccture luider T. U. (!. RUSSELL THE STORY OF MANITOBA 157 tlic (liivctioii of II. ]i. Gordon, a proiiiineut representative of the profession in that city, with whom he remained for about five years. In 1882 lie came to Winnipeg l)ut did not long remain here, s{)ending tlie ensuing four years in various parts of the Dominion, especially in the west. In 1886 he went to Sioux City. Iowa, and was engaged in the work of his profession in the United States from that year until 1893, spending much of this period in Spokane and Tacoma, Washington, and Chicago, Illinois. In 1893 he again came to Winnipeg and two years later he opened an office in this city where as an architect he has since been actively engaged. He lias won an enviable reputa- tion in this connection, being today classed with the most capable architects not only in the province but in the Dominion as well. ^lany of the finest structures of Winnipeg stand as monuments to his skill and ability, including the .McArtiiur building, the Trust & Loan building, the (Jrcat West Permanent Loan building, the Westminster and Knox churches, and many tire-proof warehouses and attractive modern residences. Aside from his profession he occupies the position of vice pi-esident of the Winnipeg Mercantile Trust Company, is a director of the Canadian Finance & Securities Company and holds stock in many other local enterprises. As his liusiness judgment is sound, his investments are judiciously made and success has attended his efforts in various directions. His standing in his profession is imlicated in part by the fact that he is a member of the examining lioard of the Manitoba Association of Arciiitects and president of tlie Koval Architectural Institute of Canada for the year 1912-1913. In 1889 Jlr. Russell was married to J\Iiss Agnes Campbell, a daughter of Thomas Campbell, of Toronto, and to them weiv born four children: Harold, who died at tlie age of two and a half years; ajid John, Ruth and Norman, all at home. I\Ir. Ru.ssell has never been active in politics in the sense of office seeking, and gives his support to the lilieral party. Fi-aternally he is a member of Assiniboine Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and is a Scottish Rite Mason, Socially he is eonnectetl with the Canadian Club, being also a director of the Hotary Club, and both he and his wife are active members of the Presbyterian ciiurch, in which he is serving as chairman of the board of managers. This connection is indicative of the high principles which govern his conduct and shape iiis relations with his fellowmen. He stands in a prominent position, won through capability and merit, for in his chosen life work he has ever held to high standards. GEORGE ST. JOHN VAX HALLEN. George St. John Van Halleu, who has been a representative of the legal fraternity for four decades, has during the past five years maintained an office in the Planner Imilding at Winnipeg and enjoys an extensive patronage as a barrister and solicitor, paying especial attention to iiateiits of inventions, which constitutes an important part of his practice. His birtli occurred in Simcoe county, Ontario, in 18')!. his pai-ents being George and Aralnlla II. (St. John) Van ilallen. He supplemented his preliminary edui-ation by a course of study in Trinity ITuiversity at Toronto and there eomi)leted his iireparation for the practice "of law. In 1872 he opened an office at Oshawa, Ontario, and at the end of five years removed to Iluntsville, Ontario, where he remained in practice for four years. In 1882 he came west to Manitoba and was engaged in practice at Birtle'for ten years, on the expiration of wiiich iieriod he removed to Hart- ney, where he continued for fifteen years. In 1907 he came to Winnipeg and has here remained to the present time. His practice is extensi\e and of an imiiortant character. He is remarkable anu)ng lawyers for the wide research and provident care with which he prepares his cases. At no time has his reading ever been confined to the limitations of the question at issue. It has gone beyond ami compassed every contingency and ]irovided not alone for the 158 THE !^TOKY OF :\rA\TT01".A expected but for tlie unexpected, ■which happens in the courts cjuitc as fre- quently as out of them. In 1881 Mr. Van Ilallen was united in marriage to Miss Charlotte .\. ]\lut- tlebury, a resident of Gait, Ontario, who had spent most of htr early life in Toronto. Tliey have three children, as follows: Geortre M., who is cngaired in farming and in the real-estate business at Anglia, Saskatchewan ; Jane, who is the wife of Arthur W. ^Vilcocks and lives in Winnipeg; imd Nora, who is a teacher in the Lu.\toii school at \Viniiij)eg. The family resideni^'u is at No. 35 Bannerman street, AViunipeg. Fraternally Mr. Van Hallen is identitied with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, belonging to the lodge at Ilartney, Manitoba. In social circles he and his wife are popular, th.eir many sterling traits of character winning for them warm and lasting friendships. FREDERICK STEELE. Frederick Steele, the president of Steele Bros., Investments. Limited, and of Steele-]\Iitehell, Limited, of Winnipeg, was born in Keokuk. Iowa, on the 23d of February, 1S6U, Ijeing the youngest son of "William B. and Lavinia Steele. The parents made their first home in Simcoe. Ontario, but early in their married life moved to the state of Ohio, and a few years later to Iowa. They returned with their family to Canada shortly after the outbreak of the Civil war, taking i;p their residence in Toronto. The father, a native of Sheffield. England, was a hardware merchant and came of a family long con- nected with that line of trade. The mother, a daughter of the late Captain ^Matthew Sheffield Cassan, of the Ninety-third Highlanders, was born in County Queens, Ireland, Init came to Canada in her early childhood. Frederick Steele was educated in the public schools of Toronto, or to be more exact, his education began there, for he left school at the age of ten, and by far the most valuable part of his education has been acquired in the inter- vals of a busy life. As a lad he delivered the Toronto mail in the early morn- ing hours. On leaving school, he worked in the confectionery store of Richard Jose, an establishment which may still be seen in Queen street, West. From this he passed to the employ of a wholesale confectioner, but in the year 1876 found fuller scope for his ambition in the studio of Notman & Fraser, photog- raphers. Here he served his apprenticeship and after five years with this firm, he opened a studio for himself in the town of Strathroy, Ontario. After a year, during which he gained much valuable experience, he accepted a posi- tion with Messrs. Gagen & Fraser, Toronto, and returned to that city with his outfit. From this he went to Peterborough to fill the position of operator in a leading studio. Already his mind was busy with the possibilities of the north- west, and the 6th of June, 1886, found him in Winnipeg with only five dollars, with which to make a beginning. A position with the old firm of Hall & Lowe was very soon superseded by a venture on his own account. In ]\Iarch, 1887, in partnership with W. E. Wing, he bought out the Hudson's Bay Photo Parlors. The business bearing this ambitious name was located on ]\Iain street, near the corner of St. Mary's, in a building belonging to Mr. A. W. Austin, the owner of the old street car system. The firm of Steele & Wing occupied these premises for a year, after which the.y removed to the southwest corner of Main street and Baunatyne avenue, having bought out the photographic business of the late Simon Duffin. Mr. Wing retired from the firm in 1892. Since that time the present corporation of Steele & Company, Limited, was formed with Mr. Steele as president. This firm still carries on the business. IMr. Steele, however, has retired from his position in this company to assume the office of president and managing director of Steele-^Iitchell, Limited, dealers in photogi-aphic supplies. This latter business with its store and offices in the Steele Block THE STORY OF :\rANITOBA 159 Annex "on Carlton street, is making most gratifying progress, its volume of trade having increased many fold during tlie four years of its existence. In the early days of his residenee here iMr. Steele traveled extensively over the region lying between Winnipeg and the Pacific coast, making views of w'estern Canadian scenery for his company and for the Canadian Pacific Rail- road. This woi-k took him with his camera into remote parts of the northwest territories, in those stirring times when the mounted police held this vast region for peace and order against every variety of lawless force. His was a well know-n figure in lonely detachments, where after the day's work, his banjo beguiled many a long evening, and at least, one romance is curiously linked up with the melodies he drew from this homely little instrument. "And the tunes tliat mean so much to you alone — Common tunes that make you choke and blow your nose. Vulgar tunes that bring the laugh, tliat bring the groan, — I can rip your very heartstrings out with those." It must have been some such minstrel in the camps in Egypt and the Soudan, who suggested the above lines to ^Mr. Kipling. These trips through the outskirts of civilization were not devoid of adventure, and Mr. Steele recounts as the most thrilling experience of his life, the passage of a snow slide over the bunk-house in which he was spending the night with some nineteen or twenty miners. This occurred in the west Kootenay, British Columbia. The bunk-house was partly blasted out of the mountain side, and the men escaped unhurt. Mr. Steele has vivid recollections of the sudden deafening roar which was over before he realized what was happening, then a tense silence followed by a confused murmuring of the voices of the men assuring each other that if they ever got down the mountain alive, nothing would induce them to climb it again. In l!)fl2 Mr. Steele purchased the southwest corner of Portage avenue and Carlton street, and began the erection of the Steele block, which is now the property of Steele Bros.. Investments, Limited. This building bears witness to the courage and audacity of its author, for it then stood alone many blocks west of the business portion of the city. The growth of the city westward and the rapid development of Portage avenue have completely justified what seemed to many a rash undertaking. Today the ground on which the block stands is worth i'orty times the price Mr. Steele paid for it. In 190a :\[r. Steele married Miss jMargaret Beveridge of Winnipeg. Her father, ^Mr. Thomas Beveridge. was one of the pioneer farmers of this district. Mr. Steele is a member of Ancient Land ^Mark Lodge, A. F. & A. ^I. He also belongs to the Odd Fellows and the Canadian Order of Foresters. 0. L. IIAR.WOOD. It may be justly said that to the young man of today belongs the world, but opportunity will not come even to him unsolicited. The young man of today who is successful, not only seeks opportunity but creates her, and the wide- awake young man sees her in many places where ordinary eyes .see nothing. 0. L. ITarwood. who has offices at No. 10 Ninth street, is one of these and has successfully carried on a real-estate, loan and insurance business in this city since 1903. He enjoys deserved success and has built up a business of gratify- ing proportions, drawing his clientage from every walk of life. His qtialities are such as to command respect and his genial temperament makes for him new friends wlierever he goes and helps him to extend his business relations. Our subject was born in Oxford county. Ontario, on the 2Sth of necember, ISSl. and came to the province of ^lanitolia in 1S!)9. He received his edu- 160 THE STORY OF MANITOBA cation at the Stratford Collefriate Institute, which he left at the age of seven- teen to begin his career. At this time he came to Brandon and began work in the ofKce of F. C. Patterson, remaining witli this firm until he took charge of the business, which he has since conducted with renuirkable success. He has a wide knowledge of real-estate values not only as regards city properly but also farm lauds of the province and the whole Canadian west. His loau department has assumed gratifyiug proportions aud he is greatly aided in nuiuaging this branch of the business by his sound judgment of human nature. The insurance business which he carries on in conjunction with his two other branches is also an important source of income to hini. That his position as a sound business man is well founded in the commercial life of the city is indicated by the fact that he has been elected to the important position of secretary of the Board of Trade, ilatters of jjublic welfare and expansion and growth are near his heart and lie gives evidence of his public spirit by serving as a director of the Brandon winter fair. That he also con- cerns himself about charitable enterprises of the city is shown in the faithful service which he gives to the General Hospital in the capacity of director. He is a member of the Brandon Club aud also the Commercial Club and makes his residence at No. 403 Twelfth street. Mr. Harwood has carved out for himself an important position in the commercial life of the city in which he resides aud wherever known is highly esteemed aud respected. JOHN C. MACNAB. In a history of the commercial development of the city of Winnipeg the earnest seeker may find more of romauee, of action and of successful struggle to final triumph than in the pages of many tales of adventure. The building up of a great business institution from a small and humble beginning calls for as much stanch determinatiou, unfaltering energy and sheer force of ability as does more conspicuous accomplishmeut in politics or war. The life of John C. Wacnab and the story of the business operated by ]\[acnab & Roberts, Limited, dealers in soda water fountains aud bakers and confectioners' supplies, is a splendid example of the truth of this statement and a forceful evidence of the value of opportunity recognized and used. Mr. Macnab's personal char- acter has been a distinct element in his success and has besides had an important bearing in its wide charity and its keen discrimination upon the amelioration of the condition of others, less fortunate than himself. Thus his life has influenced not only business standards and conditions but what is more important still, the happiness and welfare of the city's poor. He was born in Limerick, Ireland, in 1856 and is a son of James and Jane (Seward) Macnab, the father being a descendant of an old Scotch clan, who came to the south of Ireland at an early date, while the mother, Jane Seward, was a member of an old Irish family. John Macnab was reared at home aud was educated in the public schools of his native section. He remained in Ireland until 1881 and then crossed the Atlantic to Canada, settling in August of that year in Winnipeg, where he was entii-ely dependent upon his own resources. For the first three months of his residence in Manitoba he drove a team as a member of a con- struction gang in charge of the late Sir Jolm Schultz, who was building what is now called the Gleuboro branch of the Canadian Pacific Railway, but was then known and built into the city as the Southeastern Railway. Upon its absorp- tion by the Canadian Pacific Railway Company, I\Ir. ]\Iacuab became a com- mercial traveler and for the next fifteen yeara was a "knight of the road." What this means in knowledge of men, in familiarity with conditions, in energy, good temper aud discriminating judgment it is hard To realize, j'et it was the foundation of Mr. Macnab 's success since it brought him into closer relations with the men and the opportunities upon which he built up his pros- ^B ^^B ^^^H :H| ^0^-^ ^^^H \^. ■ .^k 1 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ x^ g^^^^^^B ,„,J JOHN C. .\IA( NAB THE STORY OF MANITOBA 163 pei'ity. Starting as a traveler iu the employ of the Standard Oil Company, he (|iiiekiy saw an opening for business along several lines and. realizing that there was a sure chance for success as an inde])euclent worker, began traveling for himself on a conmiission basis, selling supplies of all kinds but specializing in everything used at soda water fountains and in bakeries and confectionery stores. This was the nucleus of his present business, which is the largest of its kind in the city. He ran it in its original form until 1896 and then estab- lished himself iu Winnipeg, working still ou a eonniiissiou basis. Through successive nat\iral stages of progress and advancenu'ut the enterprise has expanded, ik'Ncloping in 1902 into a coi)ar1nershii) under the name of ^lacnab & Roberts ami in 1907 into a limited company under the name of .Mac- nab & Roberts. Limited. The officers are : John ('. Macnal), president ; William iloberts, vice president ; and George Whelpley, secretary and treasurer. This is the story in outline. The vital part lies in the energy, the determined work and the well-timed aggressiveness of John JIacnab and in the remarkable development which these qualities made possible. A little of the growth may lie reali/.ed from the physical expansion of the concern. It started in a very small way, giving employment to l)ut one or two workers. In 1903 the partners l)uilt the present modern and thoroughly eiiuiiijied ])lant, five stories and a basement in height with one hundred feet frontage on Victoria street and forty feet on Lombard street and with the necessary trackage in the rear. They have the distinction of being the pioneers in the business development of this locality, which has since become one of the busiest corners in Winnipeg. The new plant was adequate for the volume of business only until 1911, when the great expansion of the mechanical department made further additions necessary. A machine shop was built so that the company now does all of its own mechani<'al work. The concern employs on an average fifty-tive bands besides fo>ir traveling representatives, and the mai-kets for its products extend from the Great Lakes to the Pacilic coast — an excellent institution for one man to have founded. In 1889 Mr. ^Macnab was united in marriage to i\Iiss Bessie Crotty. a daughter of Henry Crotty, one of the pioneers of Ontario, upon whose original farm the town of Ingersoll now stands. He was a native of Ireland but came to America when a young man and for many years was prominently identi- fied with almost every phase of the development of the pi-ovince of Ontai-io. ^Ir. and Mrs. Macnab have two sons and one daughter. They reside in St. \'ital a suburb of \Vinnij)eg and are well known in social circles of the city. Mr. JIacnab holds membership in Holy Trinity church and has been warden since 1909. lie is a member of the Canadian Clul), and connected with the Winni]>eg Lodging & Coffee House As.sociation, Linuted, as a director. The city of Winnipeg has every reason to be proud of Jlr. ]Macnab, whose activities have influenced so greatly her commercial growth. The nu'tliods by which he olitained i)rospei'i1y are important because they finally overcome the danger- ous argument that modern business re(|uii'es an overlooking of (luestionable conuiiercial methods if not jx-rsonal dishonesty and because they establish in- tegrity as the foundation of true success. E. BAILHV KISllER. E. Bailey [''isiier is engaged in the general pracliee of law in Winnipeg, but has specialized somewiiat in the field of municipal law. having large experience in that ln'anch of jurisprudi-nce. Ilis liirlh occurred in Ciiesiiire. Knudand. iu 1873. His father, Charles W. Fisher, came from Knglaiid to Winiupeg in 1889 and soon aftei'ward liegan farming at I^finnedosa, where he still carries on agrieullural j)ursuils. The mother, who bore the maiden name of llarrii-tt Bailey, was a native of Sussex, England, and died in her native land shortly Vnl."lI_S 164 THE STORY OF MANITOBA prior to 1889. In the family were six children, foiir sons and two daughters: Charles II., also a resident of Minuedosa; W. T., who is eugat;ed in the real- estate business in Winnipeg: A. G., who follows farming at ]\liniiedosa ; E. Bailey; and Elizjdieth il. and Harriett S., both at home with their father. E. Bailey Fislur pursued his edueation in the Wallasey grannuar sehool near Liverpool. England, and in St. John's College of Winnipeg. Determining to follow a professional career, he entered upon the study of law at ilinnedosa and was called to the bar in 1903. In that year he formed a partnership with H. F. ^Manlson, of ^linnedo.sa, under the firm style of Maiilson & Fisher and the connection was continued until 1!)U9. He afterward practiced there alone for about si.\ months, at the end of which time he came to Winnipeg and oj)cned offices here, having been at his present location in the McArtliur liuild? ing for the past two years. He is now counsel for the Hudson Bay, Peace River & Pacitic Railway Company and he has had large experience in municipal and company law, for while residing in Minnedosa he was solicitor for a num- ber of municipalities. He is now engaged in general practice, to which he devotes most of his time and attention, knowing that success at the bar can only be acquired tlirongh close application, unfaltering effort, broad study and careful analysis. On the 25th of Septend^er, 1902, jMr. Fisher was married, in Winnipeg, to Miss Clarissa Pedlar, a native of England and a daughter of C. G. Pedlar, an inspector of works in connection with the Winnipeg sehool board. He came to this city with his family from Cornwall, England, in 1890, so that Mrs. Fisher has since resided here. By her marriage she has become the mother of two daughters, Annie Bailey and Mary Clarissa, aged respectively ten and eight .years. The parents are members of the Church of England. Mr. Fisher is a conservative in his political faith and is the organizer of the party for the province of Manitoba and he seeks its success along legitimate lines. He belongs to the Adanac Club, the Knights of Pythias fraternity and holds membership with the Sons of England. He is also interested in all manly athletics and outdoor sports and is now honorary president of the Dominion of Canada Football Association and vice president of the ilanitoba Football Association. In a word he is a well rounded, wide-awake, alert and energetic young man, a splendid type of that class who are the upbuilders and promoters of the western country. A. E. IREDALE. A. E. Iredale, the present postmaster of Dauphin, to wliich office he suc- ceeded his father, Avas born in St. iMary's, Ontario, on the 7th of September, 1868, and is a son of TJiomas W. and IMaria (Game) Iredale. The father, who was a native of Plartfordshirc, P]ngland, came to Ontario in 1860, locating at St. Mary's, where he established the first grist-mill built in that section of the province. He engaged in the operation of this plant until 1882. when, with his family, he came to Manitoba, assuming charge of the mill of the Hudson's Bay Company at Elphinstone. From there he subsequently removed to the vicinity of Dau])hin, where he engaged in farming for a time, but soon there- after was appointed postmaster. He entered upon the duties of this office, which he discharged for ten years, in 1897. Despite his advanced years, he had attained the age of seventy-seven when he resigned his post in 1907, he met the requirements of the office and gave very efficient service to the last. From that time until his death, which occurred in 190S, he lived in retirement. He was laid to rest in the Dauphin cemetery, where the mother, who passed away in 1907, is also buried. They were both people of most estimable character and were highly regarded in the community, where they had many friends. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 165 The fii-st fourteen years in the life of A. E. Iredale were passed in his native town, where he obtained his education. He aeeoiiipanied his parents on theii- removal to Elphinstone in 1882, and there the same year he began his business career. His first position was a clerkship in the trading department of the Hudson's Bay Company, who at the expiration of three years sent him to their post at Fort Qu'Appelle. Two years later lie resigned his position in oi'der to engage in the general mercantile business for himself at the same IKiint. He eonilueted a store there for ten years, meeting with a fair measure of success in the development of his interests. In VMM. he came to Dauphin and purchased a farm of a hundred and sixty acres in this .vicinity which he cultivated for three years. Recognizing the excellent opportiinities affortlcd in buying and selling wheat in this section of the province, he, in 1903, pre- sented to the Canadian Pacific Railroad Company a petition, signed by the agriculturists of this community, for a platform for the receiving and shipping of grain. This was granted, and for four years thereafter his energies were largely devoted to buying and shipping wheat. He did a good business and .iucliriously invested the greater part of his returns in local real estate. In 1!)(I7, Mr. Iredale was appointed to succeed his father as postmaster, and has ever since been giving his entire attention to his duties in this connection and to looking after his property interests. During the period of his incumbency the government has erected the beautful modern building, where the postoffice is now located, after much solicitation on the part of Mr. Iredale, who takes an active interest in everything which will forward the development of Dauphin. .Mr. Irt'dale has been twice married. His first wife, whose maiden name was :\Iary Howan, passed away in July, 1908, and in June, 1909, he was married to .Miss Ivlitli V. Wilson, of Owen Sound, Ontario, and a daughter of Mi-, and .Mrs. Thomas Wilson. The father has pa.ssed away and is buried at Owen Sound, where the mother continues to make her home. Of this marriage there have been born three children, Irene B., Jean F. and Sybil. Mrs. ]Mary Iredale was the mother of three daughters anil two sons, as follows: Elsie, a graduate nurse em])loyed in the Children's Hospital at Winnipeg; William R., a grad- uate of the Brandon Commercial College; Alma, who has graduated from Dauphin Collegiate Institute; Lillie, who is a student in the Dauphin Business College; and Albert J., who is attending the Daujjhin high school. The family affiliate with the Church of England, in which Mr. and Mrs. Iredale hold membership. Fraternally he is a Mason, having taken the degrees of the blue lodge, and he also belongs to the Knights of Pythias. ]Mr. Iredale owns his residence, which is located in one of the desirable sections of the city, lie belongs to that class of representative men who uphold the civic standards of the comnuinity and strive to forward its developnu'ut along progi-essive yet ])ractical lines. i\IOWBRAY STENHOUSE BERKELEY. ^lowliiay S. l?erkeley, who since 1905 has made his Iiouk' in Winnipeg, has created for himself an enviable position in financial circles in western Canada, having charge of the investment of ]?ritish capital, and representing a large and influential clientele in Europe. He was born on the 7tli of April, 1881. in the Island of Antigua, British West Indies, his parents being Humphrey Berkeley, son of tlie Hon. Colonel Thomas Berkeley and Jliss Bertha iloir, daughter of the Hon. iVlexander Moir. He was educated in the channel islands and also in England, and as a younir man of seventi'cn years of age came to the Dominion. In lOOfi he settled in Winnipeg which [dace has since been his home. Ill 1!i()8 .Mr. Birkrlcy was mari-ied to Aimee McMulleii Pearson (nee Burch) of Huntingdon, England, and they are the parents of four children, two sous 166 THE STOKY OF MANITOBA and two daughters. Mr. and Jlrs. Berkeley hold to the Anglican faith, and Mr. Berkeley's political indorsement is given to the conservative party. Mr. Berkeley is a member of the JMauitoba Club, the Winnipeg Golf Club, Winni- peg Hunt Club, Western Canada Military Institute and the Canadian Asso- ciation of Public Schools of Great Britain, of which latter club he is the president. He is also councilor of the Winnipeg branch of the Navy League and an honorary vice president of the Canadian Defence League. ]\Ir. and ilrs. Berkeley spend part of tlie year in England and Ireland with their relations and friends. When in Winnipeg they reside at No. 2, Evergreen place, Roslyu roajl. GEORGE H. WEST. George H. West who passed away December 19, 1906, is remembered as one whose fidelity to his honest convictions gained for him the respect and confidence of all with whom he came in contact. He ever stood fearlessly in defense of what he believed to be right and his opinions were based upon no shallow nor superficial knowledge of the question at issue, but, possessing the analytical power of the lawyer, he reasoned from cause to effect and grasped all the possibilities of the situation. He was born in Campbellford, Ontario, August 9, 1853, and after pursuing his preliminary education in the home schools he attended Victoria College, then situated at Coburg. Completing the arts' course he was graduated with honors with the class of 1883 and immediately after graduating he came to the west where he entered upon his law studies under Bain, Blanchard & Muloch, at Winnipeg. Being called to the bar he formed a partnership with George F. ]\Iunroe, an association which was continued for seventeen years, the firm enjoying a wide and well merited reputation for skill in handling intricate cases and solving involved legal problems. His practice grew in volume and importance until he became one of the best known lawyers of the west and in addition to his activity in his profession he was also well known in real-estate circles by reason of his exten- sive and judicious investments. Mr. West was married in 1888 to Miss Sarah M. Carr of Colborne, Ontario, who yet occupies the family home at 12'4 Nassau street, in Wiiniipeg. His fraternal relations were with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Ancient Order of United Workmen, in both of which he occupied positions of honor, becoming a master workman in the latter. He was also prominent in the organization of the Independent Order of Forresters of Manitoba and was again and again chosen to represent Court Hudson, No. 409, in the grand lodge. His religious faith was that of the Methodist church and his belief was one of the permeating influences of his life. At one time he supported the liberal party but his dislike for its management caused him to join the political reform union of which he served as secretary for some time. This step was characteristic of Mr. West. He would never remain allied with a cause which he could not indorse and which was antagonistic to the high ideals of manhood and citizenship which he held. A. W. HOOPER. Our future and our future advancement along the right path of progress — mental, moral and material — lays with the coming generations, and to train and develop the young generation of today is to make for future happiness. For these reasons the pi'ofession of teaching must be considered the most noble of all occupations and men who devote their lives to educate our children into GKOROK II. w i:sr THE STORY OP MANITOBA 169 honest, kinil-lieartcd, character-strong men and women are well worthy of a word of praise, but find their real remuneration in the successful careers of those whom they train and teach. A. W. Hooper, who has devoted his life to teaching the j'oung, has been holding the office of inspector of schools in Brandon since March, 1901. He came to the province of Blanitoba in August, 1890, and was born in the northern part of Durham count}', October 7, 1868. He is a sou of Richard and Mary (JMcFeetors) Hooper. The father was a farmer and originally came from Cornwall to Holland, Manitoba, where he successfully followed his life work for many years. A. W. Hooper received his primarj' education in the public schools and later attended the Bowmanville high school until 1890. Coming to Manitoba, he engaged in teaching school at various places and then attended the normal school at Winnipeg, from which he was graduated in 1895, more fully prepared for his profession. lie then accepted a position as teacher at Selkirk, Manitoba, and continued as such until he was appointed inspector of schools in Brandon, which important office he has been hobling ever since. His sei'vices have been most efficient in bettering the school system and bringing about reforms, creating new ideas and instituting modern methods along edvicational lines. He collabo- rates witli the teachers of the city schools which are under his inspection in a most harmonious spirit and to the benefit of the many pupils who are preparing for life's work. He enjoys the confidence of the general public and his labors are appreciated to the full extent of their deserved worth. Mr. Hooper was married, at Selkirk, I\Ianiloba, on July 25, 1896, to ]\Iiss Ilia Campbell, a daughter of J. II. and Jane (Kennedy) Campbell, of Burling- ton, Ontario. Jlr. and Mrs. Hooper have two sons and one daughter, John Campbell, Mary Kennedy and Richard Archibald. The family home is at No. 237 Si.Kteenth street, where Mrs. Hooper gra('iously presides over her house- hold. They keep open house for their many friends, who often gather under this hospitable roof for a pleasant hour of entertainment or interchange of opinions. Mr. Hooper has been a member of the advisor.y board of the depart- ment of education since 1908 and has been reelected to this position twice. He is a member of St. ^lathews Anglican clmreli. His fraternal relations are with the JIasonic order only and he has the distinction of being a past master of Lisgor Lodge, No. 2. Jlr. Hooper's work has been of inestimable benefit to the eity and there is due him a great share of credit for what progress has been brought about in the expansion of Brandon by those young men whom he has indirectly assisted to play their part in the world. EGERTON W. MARLATT. Egerton "W. ^larlatt, engaged in the practice of law in Winnipeg since 1902 and entering into his i)resent partnership relations as a member of the firm of Hudson, Ormond & ilarlatt in 1904, came to this city from Portage la Prairie, as did his jiai'tners. He was there born January 25, 1875. his par- ents being Samuel R. and Elizabeth (AVhimstcr) I\Iarlatt. l)oth of whom were natives of Ontario. The father came to Manitoba in 1870, ca.sting in his lot with the i)ioncer settlers who were aiding in claiming the western w'ilderness for the purposes of civilization. During the early period of his residence in this province he engaged in general merchandising and in farming, while later be turned his attention to the lumber business. He was for several years inspec- tor of the Ineg, in which office lie is now serving. His long experience in minor capacities has served as excel- lent training for his present duties and the capable manner in wliieh he is 172 THE STORY OF MANITOBA coiuluctiiig the business of his office has won the satisfaction and cninniendation of all concerned. On the 1st of January, 1878, ]Mr. Pattiuson was united in marriage to Miss Jennie Passiuore, of Brantford, Ontario, who died, leaving three sons and two daughters. Mr. Pattinson was again married, in Winnipeg, on the 20tli of April, 1906, to Miss Lilian Isobel Dealtry, of London, England, and lo them lias been born one daughter. The family reside at No. 42:3 iMaryhuul street, Winnipeg, and are prominent and popular in the .social circles in whieii tiiey move. ^Ir. Pattinson has iiad interesting military connections, .sei'ving as a sub-lieutenant in the Koyal East Mitldlesex j\Iilitia, now known as tlie Fourth Battalion iiiddlese.K lleginunit, and wiiile a resident of Kent county, Ontario, held a commission as first lieutenant and captain of No. 4, in the Twenty-fourth Kent Canadian ililitia. Well known in club circles in Winni- peg, he holds membership in the Adanac, Winnipeg Chess, Winnipeg Hunting and Fishing and Over-Seas Clubs, being the first vice president of the last named organization. He is well known in nuini(di)al circles of this city and his salient qualities of character, aside from his official relations, commend him to the esteem and good-will of his fellowmen, his circle of friends constantly increasing with the passing years. W^ILLIAM R. MILTON. Enterprise, industry and perseverance are the salient characteristics in the business career of W^illiam R. Milton, who has made continuous advance- ment in business circles and is now proprietor of one of the great productive industries of the city — ililton's Bakery. He has various other business con- nections which indicate him to be a man of more than ordinary ability aloni; connnercial lines and at the same time he is recognized as one of the local political leaders. He was born near Selkirk. Scotland, on Pii'idgehaugh farm, January 31, 1871. His parents, William and Elizabeth (Flin,t) Milton, were both natives of Melrose, Scotland, but are now deceased. The father was a farmer by occupation and carried on agricultural pursuits near Selkirk for about thirty years. William R. Milton supplemented his early education, acquired in the Lin- dean public school, by a course in the Selkirk high school. He was a young man of eighteen years when in 1889 he left Melrose and came to Winnij^eg. In 1890 and early in 1891 he was in the sen'ice of the Canadian Pacific Railroad Com- pany in the construction of their telegraph lines from Calgary to JlcCleod and from Calgary to Edmonton. He was also for a time with the engineering department of the Hudson's Bay Company and later was ■with the same depart- ment of the Northern Pacific- & Manitoba Railway, covering the years 1891 and 1892. In 1893 he became a member of the Winnipeg fire department but late in that year entered the Spiers bakery, with which he was connected until March, 1900. In April of that year be formed a partnership with G. J. Timms and engaged in the baking business on his own account. Tliis partnership was dissolved on the 1st of June, 1901, and Jlr. ililton then purcha.sed the bakery business of W. A. Kemp, then located on Ross avenue, where he remained for two years. In 1903 he imrchased the property on Bannatyne street, extend- ing from Sherbrooke street to Oliva street, and erected a new bakeshop and store, his quarters being very spacious for that period. He continued to con- duct the business at that point until 1911, when his once commodious quarters had become too small. In 1910 he began the erection of a handsome new two- story fireproof building at the corner of Bannatyne and Oliva streets at a cost of fifty-two thousand dollars. In this he installed the most inodern equip- ment, procured at a cost of thirty-five thousand dollars. He has the most mod- ern and up-to-date bakery in every respect in western Canada, suitplied with WIIJ.IAM K. Mll.liiN THE STORY OF MANITOBA 175 ail automatic oven sueli as is to ])c found in no otlier bakery of tlic city. His average output is fourteen thousand loaves of bread per day, altbongli, in ])reparation for future demands, the capacity of the plant is fifty thousand loaves in twenty-foni- hours. In lyOa he purchased the confectionery business of Mv. ^McDonald at 234 ilain street and the new plant contains splendid facilities for the manufacture of confectionery and ice cream as well as of bread. In connection with the small store conducted at the factory there are two larger ones in the city — at 440 Notre Dame avenue and 254 Main street. Since the establishment of his present enterprise liis business has grown in vohime and iiiipoi'tance until it outranks all others of its class in Winnipeg, the suc- cess of the undertaking being due to the excellence of the output and the unques- tioned integrity of his business principles. ]\lr. ]\Iilton is a man of resourceful business ability who has by no means limited his efforts to one field. His busi- ness connections are large and important, he being now president of the Plainer Electric Company of this city, wholesale dealers in electrical .supplies; president of the Electric Motor Sales & Repair Compan.v: president of the Cameron ^Fanufacturing Company, which is engaged in the manufacture of portable grain elevators; president of the Hardware Specialties Company, wholesale dealers in hardware and specialties : and a director of the Security National Fire Insurance Company of Canada. He was also president of the Caterers Association of AVinnipeg in 1909 and 1910 and his pronnnence in business circles is further indicated in the fact that he was at one time president of the Retail Jlerchauts Association and of the Master Bakers Association. In these connections he has done much to further the interests of trade and has thus contributed largely to the nuiterial prosperity and progress of the city. On the 23d of Septemlxr, 1896, in Winnipeg. Mr. Jlilton was married to Jliss ftfatw Ann Wallace, a daughter of Joseph Wallace, formerly of Ilallville, where for many years he was secretary of the township of Alountain in the county of Duudas, Ontario. There arc three daughters, Beatrice Winifred, Winona Irene and Nancy Bernice. Both Jlr. and Jlrs. ^lilton are members of St. Andrew's Presbyterian church, in the work of which they ai-e actively and helpfully interested, ^h: I\Iilton is serving as a member of the music com- mittee and his wife is treasurer of the Deaconess Aid Society and also of the Foreign Jlissionaiw Society. She takes an active interest in all social affairs of the church and in the ditVerent lines of work in which the ladies of the church are engaged. Mv. ]\Iilt(in belongs also to St. John's Lodge, No, 4, A. F, & A. ]M,. and is i)rominent in the Odd Fellows society, belonging to Union Ix)(.lgc, No. 14, Eureka Encampment, No. 3, and is a past lieutenant in the Patriarchs ^Militant. He is likewise a member of Court Garry, No. 2, C. 0. F., of Jlelrose Camp of the Sons of Scotland and the Commercial Travelers Club of Winnipeg. He is president of the JIauitoba Field (trial) Club, is a past vice pi-esident of the Canadian Kennel Club of Manitoba and was president of the Western Canada Kennel in 1909 and 1910. Mr. ]\Iilton, moreover, was one of the (iromoters of the Winnipeg Horse Show Amphitheater, in which he is a stockholder anany owns the largest lumber mills in the world. He remained there until 1010 and then went to Stewart, British Columbia, representing the interests of the Canadian Northern Railway there. In 1011 he removed to Toronto, where he spent a year with the IMackeiizie-Maiui Company, and in January, ltll'2, he came to Wiiuiipeg. His travels ovei- the country and bis stiuly of conditions have made him I'Mniiliar with the opporttuiities for the develoimient of towns and the handling of property through the west, where rapid growth is a feature of the country. The railway company oper- ates in iMontreal, AVinnipeg, Toronto and Vancouver and in his position ;is one of the generid Mgents Mr. .\lid\ae has become widely known in connec- tion with i-t>alt\- dealings in various ]iarts of the country. He is vice jiresichmt of tile ]\Iount iioyal Land Company, of Montreal: a director in the Winnipeg insurance & Vessel Agency; a dii-eeloi- in the Anacortes Lumber & Box Com- l»any. Limited, of Anacortes, Washington; vice pi'csident of the Dominion Motor Car Company, of Vancouver; and a director in the Crown Lumber Company, of Calgary. I\Ir. McRae is a member of the University Club, of Vancouver; the Uni- versity Club, of St. Paul, Minnesota: the Lake of the Woods Yacht Club, of Jlanitoba; and the Royal Canadian Yacht Club, of Toronto. He is a Pre.sby- 178 THE STOKY OF MANITOBA terian in religious fiiith iiml always reeognizL'S aud meets his obligatiuns of life in every eouueetiou. His extended, varieil and important business interests have brought him a wide acquaintance among prominent business men througii- out the country and the position to which he has attained is most gratifying, for few men- of his years have advanced to a station of siiuilar responsil)ility aud scope. WILLIAM PEARSON. ;\Ianitoba has furnished her full share of successful men to Canada — men of pronouueed ability who have become leaders in politics, in commercial, indus- trial or professional life and others whose influence has been given to bettering the conditions that in any \vay oppose or hinder the development of their fellowmen. For fourteen years William Pearson, president of the William Pearson Company, Ltd., has lived in Wiiiiiii)eg and has become one of the most conspicuous men in the development of the city along many different lines, not because he has won distinction in politics, or even by reasou of his excep- tional success in business, but because his efforts have been and still are devoted to the colonization and exploitation of Canadian lands in such a way as to materially benefit others. Mr. Pearson was bom in Bowden, England, March 20, 1865, and is a son of Charles and Mary (Fildes) Pearson, natives of that country. The father was for many years engaged in the ■ wholesale grocery business at Manchester and was active in this occupation at the time of his death. His wife has also passed away. William Pearson received his education in the Manchester grammar school aud laid aside his hooks at the age of sixteen. In 1883 he cnme to Canada aud located at St. Francois Xavier, where he engaged in general farming aud also operated a number of creameries. There he remained until 1898, when he came to Winnipeg and established himself in the real-estate business, which he has never abandoned since that time. By 1903 his enterprise had assumed large proportions. In that year he became associated in a business way with Edward Brown, with whom a joint stock company was formed in 1906 under the name of the William Pearson Company, Ltd., with ]Mr. Peai-sou as presi- dent. From the beginning the partners have been engaged in colonization work upon an extensive scale. At first their ventures v>ere less important, being confined to the exploitation of the land along the Assiuiboine river from Headingley west to St. Francois Xavier. However, they afterward acquired lai'ge tracts in the Last Mountain valley of Saskatchewan and have made this one of the finest farming sections in Canada. They have handled several hundred thousand acres of land and have provided homes for thousands of people. Up to 1907 the largest percentage of their colonists were people from eastern Canada, but since that time they have been almost entirely Americans. Mr. Pearson works principally among the men of moderate means who are willing to move to a promising country, where they can buy larger tracts of land and secure from them greater profits than they had enjoyed in the past. As an inducement Mr. Pearson offers to the newcomers a quarter or a half section of fine land in one of the most delightful climates in America at from twenty dollars to thirty dollars per acre, payments to be made at the buyer's con- venience. In the year 1912 and also in years previous to this the William Pear- son Company, Ltd., spent vast sums of money to further develop this fertile valley and make conditions of life more pleasant for the many families who have chosen to settle there. Very low rate excursions are operated from almost every prin- cipal point on the American continent during the summer months for the benefit of prospective settlers and the railroad fares are refunded to all purchasers. Farming today in Last Mountain valley is in accordance with the latest and most scientific methods. From a commercial standpoint the situation is ideal, W 1 1. MAM i'i:.\i;-^n\ THE STORY OF MANITOBA 181 the valley being only twenty-one miles north of Regina, the capital of the province of Saskatchewan. One of the most unique and beautiful features of Last ilountain valley is Last ^louutaiu lake, which has of late years trrown to l>e one of the most popu- lar suiiiiiier resorts in Saskatchewan. This region has but lately been developed. The wild animals which inhabited the surrounding districts only a short time ago did not disappear until Mr. Pearson drove into Last Mountain valley one morning in the autumn of 1902. Up to that time the country had been known only in a sort of legendary way and nobody knew exactly the way to reach it. An old Indian scout volunteered to drive Mr. Pearson up there from Fort Qu'Appelle and three times on the way they lo.st the trail. But no sooner had Mr. Pearson arrived than he immediately set abotit seeing what could be done toward getting the railways there and bringing in from the States and from England farmers who had been a.sking for laud. Jlr. Pearson succeeded in all this and has put boats on the lake and elevators on the shores, and opened the beaches to the summer folk who come from Regina and all the region round- about to make it their playground, to find their fishing and, in the open months, their .shooting. There is never a summer day without its holiday and picnic parties, in which people from the outside and farmers who live in the valley, (ill the steamers and .scatter along the beaches, where the summer taverns are and the bathing is good. And in the autumn, when the birds are moving south, the broad, sedgj' sti'ip of the lake at its noi'thern end is fidl of busy guns. Earl Grey, the governor general of Canada, had a shooting box in the hills of the Qu'Appelle and went there every season after broad-tailed and pinnated grouse, and the other northern game birds we used to see so plentiful this side the international boundary. Having all Canada to choose from, his excellency's selection says more for that place, for sport of that kind, than anything else very well could. Earl Grey is a keen sportsman, with no time to waste on empty pla/>es. So with the pa.ssing of the frontier conditions the hotel and the camping ground have taken possession of Last Mountain lake. A series of summer hotels, operated on the cottage plan, so that one may have the comfort of hotel meals and the privacy of one's own home, are being constructed. A large farm house near Arlington Beach has been enlarged, reconsti-ueted and made into a big, homelike liostelry, surrounded by private cottages and furnished tents. Bathing house, boat houses, dancing pavillion, tennis grounds and all the appurtenances of a vacation region are installed. Boating. bathiuL'-, fishing and shooting, together with motor or carriage driving over the smooth prairie roads, horseback riding, golf and other amusements are provided. Important as are Mr. Pearson's real-estate intei'ests, they yet form only one phase of his varied activities. He and W. Sanford Evans were the origina- tors of the town planning and housing commission, which was appointed by the city of Winnipeg for the general improvement and betterment of the housing and living conditions of the public, effecting especially the middle and poorer classes. Since the organization of this commission Mr. Evans has been chairnuui and ilr. Pearson vice ehairnuui and chairman of the executive board. He is also president of the Garden Club and this identification is another proof of the variety of his interests and connections. It is an organiza- tion for the purpose of beautifying the city of Winnipeg by the establishment of garden plots on vacant lots, as well as on occupied residence property ; for the removal of unsightly signs and debris; for the promotion among the citizens of a love of gardening and other healtid'ul employment and recreation. To attain these objects the club endeavors to jiromote from year to year the cultivation of flowers and vegetables in vacant lots in the inioccupied streets of the city. Il has pi'ovideil literature concerning gardening and floriculture and is contemplating holding exhibitions of the products of these city garden plots in order to take the most effective means of gaining general interest in the movement. The membership is not linuted, for anyone at all interested in 182 THE STORY OF :iIAXITOBA the aims and purposes of the society is admitted. Besides this, Mr. Pearson lias many other important eonnectioiis in Winnii)cfr. all of which exemplify in some way either his business ability or the bi-oad charity which is an element in his character. lie is the second vice president of the AViiniipe^ Real Estate Exchange, is on the executive board of the Winnipeg Industrial Bureau and is a member of the board of managers of the Associated Charities, lie is also a fellow of the Royal Colonial Institute and a member of the Central Emigration Board, both of London. England. In 1888 Mr. Pearson married, at .St. Francois Xavier, .Miss .Margaret E. Morrison, a daughter of John Morrison, formerly a tea planter of Calcutta, India, and a man active and prominent in business at^'airs of that city. He was chairman of the Board of Trade and had other impoi'tant connections. Of late years he has resided in Winnipeg. Mr. and Mrs Pearson have six chil- dren: Evelyn Mowbray, who received the degree of B. A. from the ]\Ianitoba University in 1911; Arthur M., who is attending St. John's College; James M., who died at the age of seventeen but who was formerly a member of the boy scouts; Agnes Dorothy, a student at the Kelvin school; Gertrude M. ; and Winifred. The family are members of St. Luke's Episcopal church and I\Ir. Pearson was for two years a member of the vestry. He is well known in the Masonic order, holding membershiji in Prince Rupert's Lodge. Xo. 1, A. F. & A. M.. and socially he belongs to the Canadian and the Carleton Clubs. His political views are in accord with the principles of the liberal iiarty but he is not active as an office seeker. A remarkably shi'ewd business man. his ventures have all been successful and have advanced his interests mat(>riall\- This phase of his work, however, is entirely secondary to the qualities in his character which have promoted his prosperity — the broad-minded liberality, the cool judgment, the recognition of universal brotherhood, the influencing humaui- tarianism. ROBERT ANDERSON. Prominent among the men who were formerly closely associated with agri- cultural interests in the Stonewall district and who in the management of their atfairs have won the success which permits of honorable rest after labor is Robert Anderson, who was born in Ontario, February 22, 18.52. He is a son of Thomas and Margaret (Elliott) Anderson, natives of Scotland, who left that country in 1835 and came to Canada, settling in Ontario. There the father followed general agricultural pursuits for a number of years but in 1873 came to Manitoba, settling in Kildonan, where for some time he sei'ved as councilman. He died February 18, 1895, and is survived by his widow, who has reached the age of ninety years. To their union were born thirteen chil- dren, seven of whom are still living: Robert, of this review; Janet, the wife of Thomas ]Murray, of Brant township ; jMargaret, who married Peter Harper, of Kildonan; Ellen, now Mrs. Robert JIcBeth, of Kildonan; Ann, who lives at home ; Rev. David, of Burlington ; and Lydia, who also lives at home. Robert Anderson remained with his parents until he was twenty-seven years of age and then came to Brant township, where he took up a homestead claim of one hundred and sixty acres, which he de^•eloped and improved. By sys- tematic and progressive methods and by steady work alono- modern lines he made this a model agricultural enterprise and added to his holdings from time to time until they comprised three hundred and twenty acres. The excellent condition of this farm reflected the owner's care and skill and ]\Ir. Anderson took pride in every detail of its management. However, in 1909 he left the property and moved into Stonewall, where he owns a large amount of real estate, and here he has since lived retired. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 183 On tlie Lst (if -iMiiiiary. 1880, Mi-. Aiidi'i'soii niju'ricil Jliss .TeiniuiM Apple- yard, a ilaiiplitci- of Joseph and Margaret (Foster) Apple.yard, the former a native of P>ngland and the latter of Ireland. Her father eame to Canada when he was still a ehild and located near Peterboro, where he grew to manhood. For a number of years he followed farming and is now living in retirement in Brant townsiiip. His wife died Janiiar.v 18. 1IH)7. The.v became the ])arents of seven children: William, of Stonewall; Mary, the wife of Thomas May, also of this district: Jemima, the wife of our subject; Thomas, who resides in Brant township: Adeline, who marrieil William Botham. of Stonewall: Phoebe, the deceased wife of Joseph Bruce: and Jane, who lives at home. Mr. and ifrs. Anderson have six children : Thomas John, of Brant township ; Joseph Foster, of the same section; Peter Harper, who is ojierating the homestead; Margaret, who resides in Stonewall: Roberta Ann, who is engaged in teaching; and Phoebe, who lives at home. Mr. Anderson is a devout adherent of the Presbyterian church. He is inter- ested in evervthing jtei-taining to education and has done much constructive work along this line as school trustee. He belongs to the Ancient Order of United Workmen but bevond this has no fraternal connections. A life of activity and usefulness has won him an enviable position in the regard of his fellowmen. He earl.y learned to value life's opportunities and to appreciate its purposes, and this knowledge has brought him honor, success and rest after labor. ERNEST BOTTOMELEV, M. D. Dr. Ernest Bottomele.y has been practicing his profession in Dauphin since 1895 and during the seventeen .rears has become prominent and widel.v known as a skilful and abl(> ph.vsician and surgeon. lie was born in Manchester. Eng- land. ]\Ia.v 20, ]S()!t, and is a son of AVilliam and Sarah (Nuttall) Bottomele.y. The family is of old English origin and has been in Canada onl.v a short time. The father of our sub.iect was a prominent cotton manufacturer in England and in Manitoba followed farming and was living practicall.v retired at the time of his death in 1803. He is buried in jMiddleclmrch. near Winnipeg. The mother of our sub.iect died in England and is buried in Walsdeii. Lancashire. Dr. Bottomele.v received his lu-imar.v education in the public schools of jraiichester anositioii he came to Canada and immediately after his arrival entered the ^Manitoba ^ledical College, graduating in 1895 with the degrees of M. D. and C. ]\I. He located in Dauphin and has since practiced his profession in this cit.v with remarkable success. Il<' did not regard his education as completed when he finished his medical course but has always remained a student of the principles of the science and through his wide and careful reading has kejit in touch with the latest develo])menl in methods ami ideas. He is careful in the diagnosis of his cases and his ability is (lemonst rated in a large practice. He is a mcinber of the .Manitoba and Canadian Meilical Associations. Dr. Bottomeley married in Dauphin, in 1,S99, ^liss Laura llii.\-. who jiassed awa.v in 1900, leaving one daughter. Tannice. In 1907 Dr. Bottomeley was again married, his second wife being ;\liss Myrtle Beardsle.v. a daughter of Jlr. and ]Mi's. 1. Beardsley. of Ellsworth. Wisconsin. Dr. and ^Irs. Bottomele.y have two sons. William E. and John Nuttall. The famil,\' are members of the Church of ICnglaiid and Dr. Bottomele.v has s(>rvcd as warden of the Dauphin or.sranization. Dr. Hottomclcy is well known in local lilicral politics and has done notable work as ]u-esir nuiternal grandfather having been Sheriff Dixon of Annapolis. Sinclair B. Ritchie i)a.ssed his boyliood and early youth in the home of his parents, his energies during the first seventeen years of his life being largely devo1e(l to the acquirenu-nt of an edu(ation, for which purpose he attended the public schools. Upon laying aside his text-books he left home and went to New Brunswick, where he devoted himself to a ma.stery of the carpenter's and joiner's trade, which he there followed until 1879. In the autumn of the latter year, he resolved to come to Manitoba to pursue his career, deciding upon Winnipeg as his place of residence. He arrived in this city on the 31st of Octo- ber, and immediately oiitained eini)l()yment at his trade. For two years there- after he woilvcd for others, l>ut in 1881 he formed a ])artnei-ship with D. E. MeCloy and together tliey engaged in the business of contracting and building under the firm name of Hitehie & MeCloy. They were associated together until Jlr. MeCloy "s death, whieli occurred three years later. ;\Ii-. Ritchie then took over tile entire interests of the firm, and has ever since conducted the Inisiness alone under his own name. He not only is a nuister of ids trade, but he is a man of practical ideas and good business judgnu^nt, in addition to which he jiossesses a fine appreciation of architectural values, his buildings being notice- able by rea.son of the good taste and structural harmony therein disidayed. The rajudiy increasing ]>opulati<)n of \Viniii|>eg <]uiekly recognized the (|ualities wherein Mr. Ritchie exi-eils. anrely as an initial step to further jirofcs-sional labor, and in 1891 he was graduated in medicine from the Manitoba University. Innnediately following his graduation he took up post-graduate work in New York city and in 1892 he opened an office in Winnipeg where he is still in active general practice, his work being of a most important character for with the recognition of his ability his responsil)ilities have increased. He has been connected with the statT of tiie Winnipeg General Hospital since sliortly after his graurton who has given his entire attention since that time t(i its management and direction. In less than two years he has made it a definitely established and profital)le enterprise. On October 19, 190G, Mr. Burton was married in the Crescent Congrega- tional church of London. England, to Miss Ida ('hapman, of Aukland, New Zealand, and they have three children, Edwin II., Verna J. and Beryl L. The family residence is at No. 232 Sixteenth street. Mr. Burton is a conservative in his political beliefs and interested in the growth and deveio[)ment of the city of Brandon. He is not active as an office seeker, liowevei', preferi'iiig to devote his energes to the expansion of his private' enterprise. He is a firm believer in the value of i)hysical efficiency and ha.s gained pi'oniinenee as an athlete, being secretary of the Brandon City Cricket League, vice president of the Manitoba Cricket Association, and a member of the Brandon Gun Club. He is also proniinent in the affairs of the Amateur Operatic Society, being secretary, treasurer, and business manager of that orgaiu/.afion. He belongs to the Congregational ciiuicii. A man of varied interests, broad, liberal, and ])o])ular. he is well known in social circles of till' city whei-e his sti-aightforward and genial qualities have gained him many friends. Business men respect him for his integritv, his i)rogressiveness. and his new and moilern methods, and for the resourceful and ai)le way in whicli lie manages his business. The success which he has gained is unusual in a young man ami is the direct result of an ability which commands opportunities. CDLIX II. .McLEAN. Colin II. .McLi'an is numbcrrd among the prosperous and successful business men of Stonewall, wln-re he is well known as a leading contractor. A native of Canada, he was born in the )>rovince of ())uebce, S(>pt(Mnbei- 2"), l.S.'iS, and is a .son of John and Christie (McKey) ]\I(d.ean, natives of Scotland. They came to Canada sei)ai'ately when they were children and after the father grew to manhood he engaged in farming and followed thi.s occniiation until his death, which occurred in 1SG7. His wife survived him for many years, dying in 1890. They became the iiarents of six children: Mary A., the wife of George Wells, of Leinioxville. Quebec; Colin IL, of this review; Margan^t, the widow of Leon- ard Ta.vlor. a native of Littleton, New Hami)sliire, who pa.s.sed away in that place; I.sabclla. who married a Mr. Keith and died in Oxford. ^Maine; Angus, wiio i-csides in Seattle, Washington; and l-'lora, who makes her home in Oxford, 192 THE STORY OF MANITOBA Maine. After the death of lior first husband the mother of our snhjeet married a^jiiii, lier second iniion being with Jlaleoliii McDonald, who has passed away. To this marriage were lioni fonr children; Mary, deceased; Christina, who lives in Boston; Isabella, who is Mrs. Boyle, of Savannah, Georgia; and Uan, who has passed away. Colin II. McLean remained at home until he was sixteen yeai's of age and received his education in the public schools of his native province. When he began his active career he went to Colebrook, New Hampshire, and there t'ol- lowed farming for one year, after which he took up mining and was success- ful in this occupation until he returned to Canada and .joined the army during the Riel rebellioji, serving one year. After this he was for thi'ce years con- nected with the Hudson's Bay Comjiany but finally took up a homestead claim in Victoria, Manitoba (now Wavy Banki, which he develo])ed and improved for nine years. At the end of that time he came to Stonewall and establishetl himself in the business of di'illing artesian wells, engaging also in speculating in laud, and is today one of the best known business men in the city, his prom- inence coming as a natural result of his capable business management and keen discrimination. jMr. McLean married ^liss Jemima Ward, who has passed away. They lie- came the parents of five children: James, who lives in Stonewall; Colin H., Jr., who died in Seattle; Emma, the wife of P. J. Foley, of Stonewall; Frank, of Sam Dinuis, California; and Ollie, deceased, ilr. ilcLean subsei|uently mar- ried Miss Susan Perry, of Montreal. The family are members of the Presby- terian church. Mr. McLean belongs to the Foresters and is prominent in the affairs of the Masonic order. At present he is councillor for the Rockwood municipality, in the seventeenth consecutive year of his service. He is inter- ested in all that pertains to the substantial improvement and development of the community, being widely recognized as a jiublic-spirited and loyal citizen. HUGH ARMSTRONG, M. P. P. Hugh Armstrong is well qualified for political leadership, bringing to bear in the solution of important governmental problems the same keen insight, thoroughness and perspicacity that are features in his successful business career. He was born in St. Lawrence county. New York, August 5, 1858, and is a son of the late Hugh Armstrong, who on removing to Canada in 1860 settled in Carleton county. The son, then two years of age, was educated in the common and grannnar schools of Richmond, that county, anil subsequently spent several j'ears as a teacher. He afterward became interested in mercan- tile pursuits, representing commercial interests at Dunrobin, Carleton county, for about five .years. Success attended his labors there but in 1883 he disposed of his interests, thinking to find still better opportunities in Manitoba, which was being rapidly developed and seemed to have before her a ])rosperous future. lie rented a store of the Hudson's Ba.v Company a\ Poplar Point, put in a stock of goods and for several years carried on the business. Again, however, he sold out and turned his attention to the fish business, being one of the first to export fish from the province. To this line of activity he has since directed his efforts and a growing trade has led to the organization of the Armstrong Trading Company, of which he is now the president and general manager. The business of the house is extensive and is being constantlj' developed along modern lines. As pro.sperity has attended his labors he has made judicious investments in property and is now a heavy dealer in real- estate, generally having large holdings in various parts of the province. In 1885 Mr. Armstrong was married to Miss Mary Younghusband, a daughter of Henry and Charlotte (Acres) Younghusband, of Carleton county, Ontario. Mr. and Mrs. Armstrong are membei-s of the Church of England HI t.ll AI;M>I KiiNi. THE STORY OF MANITOBA lOo and he also has meml)ei'sliip relations with tlie Masonic fraternity. In iiolitical affairs he manifests a deep and active intei-est, as all true and loyal citizens should do. lie believes each individual siiould stand firndy for the principles which he deems essential in good government. In 18!t2 Jlr. Armstrong was elected to the local legislature, holding liis seat until the dissolution of that parliament. lie refused a renomination in Woodlands for the party hut ac- cepted the nomination in Selkirk for the Donuiuon house, sutfering defeat at the polls, however. Following the death of William Garland in 1901 he was elected by acclamation to the local legislature for the city of Portage la Prairie and was reelected in 1!)0I3. Further iiidoreement of his public service came in his third election in 1!)07 and a fourtli in 1910, so that he is still representing the city of Poi'tage la Prairie in the provincial parliament. In November, 1909, he assumed the office of provincial treasurer, in which capacity he is still serv- ing. He is ever loyal to his supporters and their welfare and is well adapted by native talents, ability and interests to a prominent political career. His friends are legion and many of them are found in the ^Manitoba, Portage, Carleton and Adanac Clubs, of all of which he is a member. He is today one of the old-time residents of Manitoba, having for about thirty years made his home in this province, during which his activities and his influence have been important tactors in geiici'al ;idvancemcnt as \vell as individual business success. E. R. HOWES, D. D. S., L. D. S. Dr. E. R. Howes, one of the most successful and enterprising dentists in Brandon, who has been practicing his profession along modern, scientific lines in the city of Brandon since 1903, was born in Yankleek Hill, Ontario, March 29, 1873, and is a son of Samuel and Leonora Howes, the former a prominent farmer near that section. Dr. Howes received liis primary educatinn in the public schools of Yankleek Hill and was graduated from tlie high school in 1887. Immediately afterward he entered t\w Toronto College of Dentistry in order to prepare himself for what he had determined to make his life worjv. He was gratluated in 1891 with the degrees of D. D. S, and L, D, S, and at once started in practice in Yankleek Hill, Realizing, however, that unusual attainment in his chosen field of work could only come as a result of detailed and special preparation, he went to Chicago and took a post-graduate course in dentistry. After its comple- tion he sjji'ut .some time teaching in the colleije but finally returned to Canada and again opened an ofliee in Yankleek Hill, wiieiv lie met with gi-atifying suc- cess until lie came west. In 1903 he settled in lirandon and has practiced in this city sini'e that time. The sueee.ss which has attended his labors is seen in tlie large and growing practice which he has built up and which is the most striking evidence of his cajiabilities. He is recognized as an able and careful practitioner who keeps constantly in touch with the advanced thought of the profession and who makes every effort to promote and increase his efficiency. He has a well efpiipped office supplied with the most modern apparatus and his practice is continually increasing as the (|uality of his work becomes more widely known. He is a iTiember of the Ma.iiitoba Dental Association. Dr. Howes is a stanch liberal but never active as an office seeker, preferring to concentrate his energies upon bis professional wor]< and his private interests. He was engaged in tlie livestock i>usiness on an extensive scale, in the province of Alberta with a partner, to whom he sold out his portion wiien connnir to Brandon and is still very extensively intei-(sted in real estate in this jirovince, principally in the cities of "Winnipeg and Brandon. Ho is well known in fraternal circles, holding mend)ei-shi]i in the Order of Foresters and the Ancient Order of Cnited Workmen. His religious views are in accord with those of 196 THE STOHY OF MAXlTOIiA the .Methodist ehureh. The profession oi' dentistry requires for its successful practice not only a thorougli special education but a dexterity of touch and mechanical skill. All of these requirements Dr. Howes possesses and they have rapidly placed him in the front ranks of his fellow practitioners. THOMAS D. DEEGAN. Thomas D. Deegan, who is conducting; a clothing and men's furnishing goods store at No. 566 Main street, Winnipeg, is one of the most proiniueut lay- men in the Catholic church in the city, and takes an active and helpful interest in the promotion of its various social orders and fraternal organizations. He is a native of the city of Quebec, liaving been lx)rn there in 1856, and a son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Kelly) Deegan. The early years in the life of Thomas D. Deegan were passed in his native city, where he received his education, and began his business career. At the time of "Winnipeg's big boom in 1882, he became a resident of the city and here three years later he established the business he is now conducting, in the block where he is located at the present time. During the twenty-seven years of his connection with the connnercial interests of the city he has succeeded in building up a large patronage, and is numbered among the enterprising business men. In August, 1900, Mr. Deegan was married to iliss Jlay Swindell, a daugh- ter of Robert Swindell of Quebec, and they are residing in the Avoca block. In religious faith Mr. Deegan is an ardent Catholic, and has always taken an active interest in promoting the development of the various organizations and social orders connected with that church. In 1899, he founded the Catholic Chib, one of the first organizations of the kind in the city, of which he was the first president, holding that office for tliree years. He is also an earnest worker in the Knights of Columbus, holding membership in Winnipeg Council, No. 1107, and is state deputy for the Knights of Columbus of IManitoba and Saskatche- wan. His connection with Catholic .societies extends to all those represented in the city, in the majority of which he has held office. He is stanchly loj'al to the teachings of all and is in every respect a worthy exemplar of the Catholic faith. Mr. Deegan also finds time to take an active interest in political affairs, supporting the conservative party, and has been license commissioner of the city of Winnipeg since 1909. He enjoys a wide acquaintance in the city, par- ticularly in the political and Catholic circles, where he numbers many iriends, his genial manner and affable nature making him very popidar among his associates. W. I. SMALE. W. I. Smale has served efficiently as manager of the Western Agricultural Arts Association, with offices at No. 8 Eleventh street, since 1910. He made Ids home in the province of Mauitolia in 1888 and was born in the county of Durham. Ontario, on June 2. 1859. His parents were John and Grace Smale, old residents of Durham county, Ontario, who arrived there in 1857. Tlie mother died in 1880 and found her last resting place at Bowmanville. Ontario. W. I. Smale received his education at Bowmanville. where he attended the public and high schools, leaving the latter institution at the age of fourteen years. He then engaged as a farm hand and was so occupied until his seven- teenth year. Giving up farai life, lie apprenticed himself to tlie trade of a carriage blacksmith and continued in this line until he came to Manitoba. After his arrival in this province he settled at Carberry. where he engaged in the mercantile business until, in 1910. he was appointed to his present posi- THE STORY OF MANITOBA 197 tioii ;it lii-aiuloii. Siuee his arrival Mr. Smale has taken a laudable interest iu matters of public import and his progressive spirit has led him to aeeept the position of secretary and treasurer of the winter and summer fairs at IJrandou. In October, Ij^bO, ;\Ir. .Smale was united in marriage, at BowmanviJle. to -Aliss May Jacobs, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Lyman Jacobs, of that place, and to them seven children have been born, four sons and three daughters, four of whom have settled iu various parts of the west, while the three youngest remain still at home in the family residence at No. 642 Fourteenth street. JMr. Hmale is an adherent of the ^lethodist church. In his political views he inclines toward tiie libei-d party and his fraternal relations are with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is an affable man, who is greatly liked and esteemed by all who know him. anil lills his present position with circum- spection and a keen perception of his duties, whicli gain for him the coutidence of all those who meet him in a business way. Although he has been a resident of Brandon only for a few years, his value as a man who does things for the benelit of the eonnnunity and promotes the general welfare is readily recognized. EDWARD 1). MARTIN. Edward D. IMartin. a prominent factor in business circles of Winnipeg, has foi- more than two decades been a wholesale di'uggist of this city and is now I he president and general managi'r of The .Martin, Bole & Wynne Company, one of the largest wholesale drug establishments in Canada. His birth occurred in Milton, Ontario, on the 30th of September, 1856, his parents being Edward and Mary Ann (Fleming) Martin, both of whom were natives of Ontario. The father was the ow7ier of a flour mill at I^Iilton for many years. Edward D. ]\rai-tin obtained his education in the public schools of his native town and when a youth of seventeen was apprenticed to Henry Watson, a drug- gist of Milton. After i)assing an exanunation in the Ontario College of I'har- macy he embarked in business on his own aceount as a druggist at Ottawa, Ontario, where he conducted a retail establishment for thirteen years. In 18!)0 he came to Wiiuiii)eg and, in association with II. Rosser, organized the firm of Martin, Rosser & Com])any, which was later changed to E. D. ]\Iartin & Com- pany upon the retirement of Mr. Rosser. Some years later this firm and the linn of Hole, Wynne & Company were anudgamated, a joint stock company being formed uiuler the name of The ]\Iartin. Bole & Wynne Company, of which Mr. Martin has sei'ved as president and general manager to the present time. He is now at the end of one of the largest wholesale drug concerns in Canada, the business of the house having aniuially grown in volume. The com]>any is pre])aring to erect new quarters in the near future and tiieirs will pi-obably be tiic larg<'st drug warehouse in western Canada, ilr. IMartin has long en.joyed an enviable reputation as a man of excellent executive ability and keen diseern- inent and iiis cooperation has been sought in the management aiul control of other imi)orlant enterprises. He is the president of thi' Western Maiuifaeluring Company and tiu' Winiiiiicg Lodging & Coffee House Assoeiation and a director in the (ireat West I'lrmanciit Loan Coni])any. the Canada Xalional Fire In- surance Comjiany and the Imjiei'lal (Canadian Trust Com]iany. In 1879. in Ottawa, Ontario. Jlr, ^faitin was united in marriage to .Miss Agnes ■]. I'erry. iter father being James I'erry. a well known jiioneer of that city. I'nto them have lieen boi'n eight children, si.x of whom are yet living, as follows: Bessie, the wife of A, C, Gillespie, of Toronto: Edward Wat.son, wiio is a.s.soeiated with his father in the drug business; Jean .Agues ; Margery :\1.: 'Sliwy v.- and Inna :\r. Politically ^Ir. Martin is a lilieral. In ]!<'.i>< he contested the conslituency of Winnipeg for the Dominion parliament and was defeated by seven votes. He 198 THE STORY OP MANITOBA served as jji-esideiit oi' tlie Board ol' Trade in 190S-9 and during Ids tenure of office represented the board at the seventh eougress of the Chambers of Com- merce of the Empire, held at Sydney, New South Wales. For six years he acted as president of the Young Men's Christian Association of Winnipeg. He belongs to Holy Trinity church and is a member of the synod of Kupert's Land representing that church. High and manly principles have character- ized his entire life, wiiniing for him a creditable position in the regard of his fellowmeu. Such is his success that his methods are of interest to tlie commer- cial world and an analyzatiou of his life record shows that he has always l)ased his success upon rules which govern strict and unswerving integritj- and unflag- ging enterprise. JOHN C. GRAHAM. John C. Graham is engaged in the wholesale lumber business and in the manufacture of sash and doors, his trade extending throughout the province of Manitoba and Sa,skatchewan. He was born in St. Catharines, Ontario, November 26, 1860, his parents being John C. and Jane (Campbell) Graham. The father, a native of Scotland, came to the new world with his jiarcnts, who settled in Middlesex, Ontario, when he was about ten years of age. The mother, a native of Kingston, Ontario, is still living, making her home at Fort Williams, that province, although she spends much of her time in California. In the public schools and collegiate institute of his native city John C. Graham received his educational training which qualified him for respon.sible duties in later life. In 1878 he became connected with steamboat interests on the Great Lakes, running ships from Chicago to Montreal tiiat year. The father having owned and operated a large number of steam and sading vessels on the lake. J. v.. Graham became familiar witii the business iti its various piiases in his boyhood. He devoted three years to that undertakinir and then entered his father's office in St. Catharines in the position of bookkeeper and assisted in the management of the business until the death of liis father in 1882. His interests were then sold and Mr. Graham became a partner of his older brother, George A. Graham, and with John T. Home in the firm of Graham, Home & Company, of Port Arthur and Fort William. From the Graham estate they purchased several ships and conducted a transportation and luudier business in which they continued until 1891. In the meantime, or in 1888, JMr. Graham had come to Winnipeg where he took up the management of the sales for the ■wholesale lumber branch of the business and since that day he has conducted a wholesale lumber business in this city. His connection wdth this depart- ment of trade exceeded that of any other wholesale merchant in the city. In 1894 the firm of Graham, Home & Company was dissolved, since which time Mr. Graham has operated alone, giving his entire attention to the whole- sale lumber trade and to the manufacture of sash and doors. His business has grown rapidly and satisfactorily and he now draws his patronage from all over the provinces of ^Manitoba and Saskatchewan. He is thoroughly conversant with the business in every detail and each forward step in his career has brought him a broader outlook and wider opportunities. He is now president of the firm of IMarks & Company and J. C. (Jraham Company. Limited, w-holesale lumber dealers of this eity, and also of the Manitoba Building Society which is a loan company. In 1889, in Ontario, Mr. Graham was married to Miss Maude Brinkman, then living near Meaford, Ontario. They attend the Augustine Presbyterian church and ilr. Graham belongs to the Cai'leton, Adanac and Travellers Clubs. He is also affiliated with the Masons, the Odd Fellows, the United Commercial Travelers and the Hoo Hoos, and of the last named he was first vicegei'ent of the lodge in Canada. This is an organization of lumbermen and in its circles 1 ■ ^•«!J^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^B| 1 s% ^^^1 ''"^fl^r^ ^^^^^^^^v^ik '^'^^^^^^^H i ^k P^' m m ^P . 4 S • KlIlN c. (.i;aiia\i THE STORY OF MANITOBA 201 he Ls both prominent and popuhir. He is a man of well balanced interests and powers, possessing a strong character and one that inspires confidence in others. He is imminently a man of business sense and easily avoids the mistakes and disasters that come to those who, though possessing remarkable faculties in some respects, are liable to erratic movements that result in unwarranted risk and failure. MARGARET ELLEN DOUGLASS, M. D., C. M. The medical profession was one of the fii-.st that opened its doors to women. This was perhaps a logical and natural sequence of the activity of woman in the care of the .sick and the adaptalnlity whieh she displayed in the use of remedial agencies. When the professional colleges were opened to her she soon demonstrated that her ability was equal to that of the other sex, not only in the care of the patient but also in diagnosis. Among those who are winning success in practice in Winnipeg is Di-. Margaret I']llen Douglass, a native of Stanley, New Brunswick, and a daughter of xindrew and Marllia (Best) Doug- lass. In the acquirement of her preliminary education she studieil at Edgehiil,' Windsor, Nova Scotia, where she was a medalist, and she gained a lirst-class certificate from the Normal school. She next entered the University of New Brunswick and afterwaril studied in the Ontario Medical College for Women, having determined upon the practice of medicine as a life work. She won her Trinity degrees of M. D. and C. JI. from Toronto University in 1905 and furtiier quaiilied for her profession bj' study and practice in New York. She be- came house ]>hysician in the New York Infinnary for Women and Children and did sjiecial iiost-graduale work in other hospitals of that city in 1!107 and 1!)08. The following year she came to Winnijjeg and is now medical examiner for the ^Manitoba Govei'nment Telephone Company, attending i)hysician to the Children's Aid Society and clinician to the Jewish Mission. In addition she has a large private i)ractice, in which she has demonstrated her ability to suc- cessfully cope with the intricate problems that continually confront the physi- cian. She belongs to the Winnipeg Medical Society and while engaging in gen- eral practice is winning particular fame and success in the treatment of women's and children's disca.ses. Dr. Dougla.ss is also a inemlier of the Woman's University Club ol' Winni- peg, which slie joined on its organization and of which she is now treasurer. She has attractive soeial (|ualities, which render her popular, and her success has placed her in a iiigli i)rofessional position. CHARLES A. POWERS, L. D. S. Dr. Charles A. Powers, who has been i)ractiriiig dentistry in iirandon along modern scientific lines sim-e lt>!)7, is recognized in the city as an alile exponent of his profession, and the liberal patronage accorded to him is in-oof of the confidence repostnl in liim by the general iniblie. He was bom in Durham county, Ontario, August 9, 1879, and is a son of Chai-les F. and Sarah Jane (March) Powers, the former a retired fai-mcr livinir in Brandon. The mother of our subject passed away in 190:5 and is Imi-ied in Port TIoi)(>, Durham county, Ontario. On liotb sides the family is of old Brilisii origin but tiieir i-cpresen- tativrs have been in Canada for many gcnei-alions. Dr. Pdwci's coiiiplclcd an education l)egun in Onlario in the Hrandun Col- legiate Institute, from which he was graduated in lcS9(). Having early de- termined to practice dentistry he studied this ])rol'ession under Dr. S. W. JIc- Ginnis, receiving his diploma and degree in Jainiary, 1897. He opened an 202 THE STOIJY OF MAXITOBA office iiuiiK'diately in Jii-iiKioii ami lias sinci> Iiccn umisnally siu-cfssi"ul in the practice of dentistry, lie is young, enterprising, and ambitious, and l>y read- ing and investigation keeps in touch with the most advanced thought of the profession, so that his labors have been attended with excellent results when viewed both from a financial and medical standpoint. In 181)8 Dr. Powers was united in marriage to ^liss Jennie Simi)son Dale, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Alexander Dale. Dr. Powers uives his allegiance to the libei-al party but is never active politicidly. preferring to coneenti'ate his attention upon his professional work. He is a member of the Indei)endent Order of Odd Fellows and belongs to the I'resbyterian cluirdi. He keei)S in touch with the trend of modern thought concerning methods of general as well as profes.sioual advancement, has made a creditable record as a member of the dental fraternity and met with gratifying success in hi.s practice. N. J. KING. N. J. King who is operating a carringe and automobile painting business at No. 1517 Princess avenue, has been identified with this line of occujiation since 1903 and has risen from a humble capacity to be one of the most i)romis- ing young business men of the city. He was born in Exeter, Devonshire, Eng- land, May 25, 1881, a son of John and Susanna (Ball) King. He received his education in the public schools of his native city and began to earn his own living when he was thirteen years of age. although he had been contributing toward his support since he was ten. When he was thirteen, however, he definitely laid aside his books and became an errand boy. acting in this caiiacify for two years, at the end of which time he began learning the pjiiiiting business which he followed for a number of years in England. After connng to Amei-ica he settled in Manitoba and here formed a partnership with ^Ir. Muusey which, however, was dissolved in 1909, since which time Mr. King has been carrying on the enterprise alone. The business has rapidly expanded and its volume has increased so that the present quarters are entirely inade(iuate and Mr. King is contemplating extensive additions. He has become well known in this city as an able, conscientious, and thoroughly modern business man and hns made his intiuence felt in commercial circles. On June 2. 1909. Mr. King was unitetl in marriage to ]Miss Florence Hallet, a daughter of j\Ir. and Mrs. Robert Hallet. of Exeter, De\'onshire, England. The family residence is at No. 227 Twenty-first street. Mr. King is a devout adherent of the Church of England and is one of the lay readers in the Brandon organization and is also interested in singing in the choir. He is a director in the Brandon Fire Engine Company and is past president of the Sons of England. He also holds membership in the Knights of Pythias. He is re- garded as one of the most promising young business men of Brandon and has advanced greatly since he began his career, gaining while still very young a success which places him among the more i)rominent business men of the city. ROBERT A. SCOTT. Robert A. Scott is successfully engaged in the general real-estate business at Winnipeg as a member of the firm of Scott, Hill & Company, which has offices in the Canada Life building. His liirth occurred in Gait. Ontario, on the 22d of January, 1869, his parents being Andrew and Christina ( Clark) Scott, both of whom were born in Roxboroshire. Scotland, and came to Ontario in childhood. The mother is still living and resides in Winnipeg. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 203 KoIxTt A. Scott was educated in (iiilt Colk'sjriate Institute and when a young man of tliirteen eanie to I^Ianitoha with his brother, J. J. Seott, in association with whom he engaged in general agricultural pursuits at Darlingford. there following farming for a period of fourteen years. In 1902 they came to Winni- peg and embarked in the real-estate business. They are still identified with agricultural interests and, having been very extensivel.y engaged in farming at Darlingford, now lease several tracts of land there. On the 1st of January. I'JlU, the firm of Scott, Hill & ("omi)any was foi-med, its members being Robert A. Scott, J. J. Scott and Harvey Ilill. They conduct a general real-estate business, handling farm lands, aei-eage, subdivisions and city proi)erty of all kinds. They have also built a gi-eat many homes in Winnipeg and are dis- j)osing of these on rea.soiial)le terms. Mr. Scott is a man of excellent business ability and sound jutlgment and, having comprehensive and accurate knowl- edge of real-estate values, his efforts have been a potent element in the con- tinued growth and success of liis firm. He is also a director of the Darlingford Elevatoi' Company aiul the Western Canada City & Town Lots, Ltd. On the l-tth of December, li)0:{, at Darlingford. Jlauitoba, Mr. Scott was united in marriage to Aliss Willmotl Ching. of that place. They now have three children: Douglas Gordon, .lessie I^ouisc and Stuiirt John. Ill politics -Mr. Scott is a conservative but takes no active part in public atfairs. Fraternally he is identitied with the Canadian Order of Foresters and the Woodmen of the World, while his religious faith is indicated by his mem- bership in St. Stephen's Presbyterian church. He has resided in Manitoba for about a quarter of a century and well deserves representation among the prosjierous business men and esteemed citizens of the jirovince. R. W. EAEL. \\. W . Iviil. deputy inland i-cvciiue collector at Hrandou. was boni in Win- chester, Ontario. February 2."), 185'), and is a son ol' Rufus and Katherine (Redmond) Earl. The father of our subject died April 1.1. I!n2, having sur- vived his wife since Novemljer 9, 1907. lioth are buried at Winchester. R. W. Earl received his primary educafion in the public schools of his native city and supplemented this by a course in the I\Iorrishurg (Ontario) high school an in St. Catherine's Collegiate Institute, which he left at the age of twenty-seven, securing a ])osition as teacher in a school near Toronto. In 1884 he came to Manitoba ami for four years taught school near lii'andon. becom- ing identitied with general agricultural juirsuits at the end of that time. He fariiied u|ion the homestead beloiigiiit; to his father-in-law for twelve years and brought it by progressive and systematic methods to a high state of improve- ment and development. Eventually, however, he was made excise officer under government appointment ami in l!)0:i was promoted to the jiosition of deputy inland revenue (■(iMim-Iiu- ami has done i-apalile, efficient aiul conspicuously suc- cessful work. On October 23, 1884, Mr. Earl was married in Hranclmi to Miss Emma V. Doraii, a dauiihler of John and ^'euicia P. (Hrouse) Doraii. of Iroquois, On- tario. John Doran was a pioneer farmer in the very early days of this i)rovince, coming here in 1879. before Hraiidon was established, and si>ttled on the Bran- don Hills. Mrs. Earl came here in ISSO by staire from Winnipeg and is one of the (ildest and first settlere in the dislrict. Iwo years before Brandon was founded. A good wife and a good mot her, sli" bore her full share of ])ioneer life, and ever extended to all newcomers a generous hosiiitality. Mr. Doran died ill 1894 and his wife passed away in 1900. ;\Ir. and Mrs. Earl have two sons: Harold O.. who is a commercial traveler: and Fred ()., who is studying civil eii<:incciiii'_' in the drafting oflHce of the Doniiiiinn Bridge Compjiny. 204 TllK STOIJY OK :\r.\xrToi!A ^Ir. Earl is always iiitcrfstt'd iu any movement wiiieli tenils to promote growth ami expansion, although he is never active as an ofiice seeker. lie is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and belongs to tlie Methodist ehureh. The people of IJrandon entertain a very high consideration for the integrity, loyalty and trustworthiness which mark his work as an official. He is i)o.ssessed of excellent traits of character and is sincere, upright, honorable and lii'm in the discharge of jiis duties. He has gained a high standing as a servant of the governiiicnt by liard work and by liis ability lo manage the afi"ai;-s under his charge. M. O. IIEDLEY. M. 0. Iledley is conducting a successful business as a manufacturers' agent at No. 1204: Kosser avenue in Brandon and is also extensively interested in Manitoba farm lands. He gives much of his time to his fine tract of one hun- dred and twenty acres and his intelligent inethods are finding a natural result ill what is attained on the farm. lie was born in Derby, Derbyshire, England, July 26. 18G7, a son of Kdwanl and Sophia Hedley, deceased, wlin :>.ro buried in the Derby cemetery. M. O. Iledley received his education in the public schools of his native sec- tion. He was fourteen years of age when he crossed the Atlantic to Canada and he settled immediately in Carivale, Saskatchewan, where he became ac- quainted with details and methods of farming. He eventually purchased land near the town and made substantial improvements upon his farm, liringing it to an excellent state of development. In conjunction with this activity he car- ried on an agency for agricultural implements and a life insurance and loan com- pany and was successful in this enterprise. He remained in Saskatclicwan until 1906 and then came to ]\Ianitoba. Coming to Brandon in 1906, he and his brother, Edwin V., purchased a tract of land comprising one hundred and twent.v acres, on which they have ever since experimented in growing rhubarb for the purpose of placing the fresh vegetable on the market in Canada during the winter. They have succeeded in proving the feasibility of the project and expect to be able to supply the whole west of Canada within the next two years. They already have made such satisfactory progress that they are, even at the present, filling the demand in a good part of the province of Manitoba. He aL«o carries on in conjunction with his experimental farming a manufacturers' agency with offices at Xo. 1204 Rosser avenue, in Brandon. Since 1906. when he established this enterprise, he has developed it into one of the most important concerns of its kind in the city and has won for himself a place among the alile and representative busi- ness men. At Carivale, Saskatchewan, September 9, 1902, Mr. Hedley was united in marriage to Miss Gertrude Bowler, a dangliter of Mr. and ilrs. John Bowler, of Wellington. Shropshire, England. They have four children : Doris and Yin- cent, who are under private tuition: Phyllis; and Audrey. The family resi- dence is at No. 360 Fifteenth street, a comfortable and attractive home erected by Mr. Iledley. In his political views Mr. Pledley is a stanch liberal but he is never active as an office seeker. He is a devout adherent of the Church of England, in which faith he has reared his children. Most of his attention is given to his business enterprise in Brandon and he is one of the most successful men in his line in the city. He handles pianos and sewing machines and is also interested in the promotion of the DeLavalle cream separator, as well as all the goods made by the Stratford Manufacturing Company. His growing prosperity has carried him into important relations with general business interests of the city and he has many profitable connections of this kind, among which may be mentioned THE STORY OF MANITOBA 205 the Edrans Brandon Pressed Brick Company, of which he is secretary and treasurer. Altliough he has resided in ilanitoha I'or only seven years he has become closely identified witli its business and agricultural interests and during this time his straightforward methods, liis upright principles and his excellent ability have brought him a liberal patronage and made him very successful in tlie conduct of his ati'airs. WILLIAM H. CARTER. William H. Carter is a prominent and well known representative of building operations in Winiiijieg and the province, being president of the Carter, Halls, Aldinger Com])any. Ltd. A native of Bismarck, Illinois, he was horn January 21, 1874, and is a son of Ninion R. and Elizabeth J. Carter. His education was acquired in the public schools of Danville. Illinois, and he entered business circles as an employe of il. Yeager & Son, contractors of Danville. Subse- quently he became associated with the William Grace Com))any of Chicago in the construction department as suiierintendt-nt and remained in that capacity for si. X years, when he came to Winnipeg to open an office for this firm, manag- ing tiieir interests at this point for four years. On the expii-ation of that period he resignetl to engage in business on his own accoxint and became one of the organizers of tiie Carter, Halls, Aldinger Company, Ltd.. which was incor- porated in 1907. They are builders of railroad and public work, steel con- struction and fii'eproof buiklings. Mr. Carter's long and practical experience has made him thoroughly acquainted with every phase of building, and his superior skill and scientific knowledge well qualify him to control and manage the onerous and important constructive interests eutrvisted to his care. His standing with other representatives of the profession is indicated in the fact that he was honored with the presidency of the Winnipeg Builders Exchange during the years 1909 and 1910. In 1904 Mr. Carter was united in marriage to ^liss ^lary J. TuUis, of Dan- ville, Illinois, and they have one son, Tullis Ninion, six years of age. Both -Mr. and Mrs. Carter are members of the Knox Presbyterian church and his I)olitical iiulorsement is given to the conservative party. Socially he is con- nected with the Carleton, Adanac and Commercial Travelers Clubs and he spends a ])ortion of his leisure hours in driving, finding therein rest and recrea- tion from anluous business cares. He has worked his way steadily upward and receives that tribute of ailmiration and respect that the world instinctively pays to him whose enterprise and iinrclaxing effort make continuous advance in business circles without infringing upon the rights of others. R. B. Cr:\IMING. R. I'>. Cuiiuiiini:. liurser for the Hospital for the Insane at Brandon, was born in Leeds county. Ontario, in 18r)0. and is a son of William and Susanna (Cameron^ Cununing. His father was a pioneer farmer in Ontario, having come to this province when it was still com|)aratively unsettled and established a farm fifteen miles in the l)ush. He served as captain of the militia I'or some tiiiif but gav." his princi|)al attention to general farndng. clearing his ])roi>erty iind (leveloi)ing it along the most .systematic and pi-actieal lines. He died in IsnOand is Imried in the townshij) of South fiower. I/Ceds county, Ontario. His wife was a niece of Colonel Cameron of Cornwall and came of a long line of I'tnted FiUipire Loyali.st.s. She died in 1890 and is 1)uried beside her husband. H. B. Cununing rec(>ive(] his education in tlic district schools and laid aside his books when he was eighteen years of age. He spent tiie years between 18()8 206 THE STORY OP MANITOBA ami 1S77 clearing and farming and tlicii i-amc td Manitoba, settling in Winni- peg, wliere he estahlislied himself in tmsimss. lie was rapidly suceessful and in 18S0 removed to Brandon, where lie eomlueted a general store until 1889. In that year he was appointed by the lieutenant troveriior as hurser for the Selkii-k insane Asylinii ami after twelve year.s ol' able and efli<;ient work in that institution was apjioinled to the same ])osition in Ihe Ilosjiital for the Insane at Hi'andon. lie lias sei'ved since 1!)01 ami during the eleven years has dis- charged his duties conscientiously, capably, and practically. Jn October, 1891, ilr. Cuminiug was married at Selkirk, to Miss Fern Clark, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Clark, of Collingwood, and they have four children: Allen, who is employed as a clerk in a hardware store ; Gordon, and Ried, who are students in the Collegiate Institute; and one daughter. The family reside at No. 4:{0 Thirteenth street. They are devout adherents of tlie Church of England. Mr. Cumming is a Scottish Kite ^Alason and a mendjer of liie Hoard of Trade. He has always been prominent in the affairs of that organization and was a director of the first board. He belongs to the Canadian Club and is always ready to give his support to movements for the public welfare. He has a wide acquaintance in Brandon, having gained many friends iu the city during the thirtv-two vears of his residence. ALEXANDER McIN I'YRE. With the commercial and industrial development of Winnipeg, Alexander Mclntyre was closely identified for many years. Coming to the province in the period of its early settlement, he contributed much to the gi'owth and upbuilding of various districts, his business activities being at all times a feature in general prosperity- as well as individual success. He was born in the township of Lobo, in JMiddlesex county, Ontario, March 10, 1841, and spent his youthful days upon the farm of his father, Joseph Mclntyre, who for many years carried on agricultural pursuits in that township. The sou divided his time between the work of the fields and the acquirement of a public-school education, remaining a resident of his native province until 1870, when he came to Winnipeg as a member of the Red River expedition. The natural resources and opportunities of the country aw-akened his enthusiasm and he determined to make his future home in the west. He started in business life here practically empty handed, but by unabating energy, indefatigable indus- try and careful management he won a fortune. For some years he conducted a large wholesale liquor business and he was also one of the first settlers to speculate in half-breed script, whereby he was enabled to acquire title to one hundred and sixty acres of land at from twenty to twenty-five dollars. He also dealt largely in city real estate and his judgment concerning property values was seldom, if ever, at fault. lie furthered the development of the city by transforming unsightly vacancies into improved districts, and among the buildings which stand as monuments to his enterprising spirit is the Mclntyre block, which he erected and which is one of Winnipeg's best office buildings, situated in the heart of the business district. He owned many valuable prop- erties and in 1890 purchased two fine lots on Kennedy street and had just broken the ground for the purpose of erecting there a palatial i-esidenee when he was called to his final rest. Winnipeg accounted him one of her most sagacious and highly respected business men. In 1872 Mr. Mclntyre married Miss ]\Iarga)'et IMalissa Falconer, also a native of Ontario. Their three children are James Bruce. Donald Matheson and Mary Jane. Mrs. Mclntyre is prominent in various women's clubs of the city and active in the social life of Winnipeg. She has also manifested a most helpful attitude toward benevolent projects, giving generously to both AT.KXAXOKIJ ^riTXTVRK THE STORY OF .MANITOBA 209 iiidividual and organized charity. The family circle was broken by the liand of death when on the 7th of June, 1892, Mr. ;\lclntyre passed away. At the time of his demise he was an officer in the Ninety-first Battalion, in which he had served as cai)tain and paymaster, and he enjoyed a well merited reputation as an excellent rifle shot. In 1886 he had been urgently solicited to become a candidate for aldcniian but had declined on account of the pressure of his important business iiderests. His success had its root in his ready recognition and utilization of oppoi-tunities. He saw chances which others passed heed- lessly by and, as the years went on, his labors were crowned with the success whi-jh is the direct result of close application, sound judgment and unabating enterprise. JOHN MACDOrOALL. If public service means long, contiiuied. able and disinterested work along lines which best promote the general welfare, then John Macdougall may be numbered among representative officials. His career began when he was only fourteen years of age, at which time he was made postmaster's assistant of the district of Oban, Scotland, and has progi-essed along natural lines of advance- ment to the present time. In this part of Canada his influence has been felt in useful ways. Jlr. ;\racdouf;aIl was born in Scotland. February 2, 1846, and is a son of John and Christina (]\IcCnlloch ) Afacdougall, both natives of that coun- try. .Mr. JIartlougall was born in the samt> parish in which occurred the births of his falhei- and motiier anil tiieir ancestors on both sides for over eight Inui- dred yeai-s. Ilis father was prominent in tiie affairs of his native section and was serving as assessor and register of his parish at the time of his death, which occurred in 1882. He had survived his wife since 1878. To their vuiion were born seven children: Rev. Neil and Alexander, both of whom have passed away; Dougal, who was lost at sea; John, of this review; Isabella and Mary, who have passed away; and Jessie Ciiristina, of Scotland. When John Macdougall was fourteen years of age he was ajipointed post- master's assistant for the district of Oban, Scotland, and when he assumed his duties began a career in public service which was destineil to bring him prominence and success. After some time he was transferred to Glasgow in the general postoffice and there remained until 1871, when he resigned, having determined to come to Canada. When he arrived in the Dominion he settled in Toronto and was appointed to a position in the office of inspector of post- offices, in which capacity he served for six months, resigning to accept the posi- tion of first i>ostmaster of Winnipeg. He remained in that city until 1S77. and shortly afterward was a|ipoin1eil sergeant-at-arms of the JIanitoba legislatui'e and lias since held this jiosilion. In 1880 he came to the Selkirk district and was aiipointed clerk of the St. Andrews municipality. In 1882 he was made secretary-treasurer of the town of Selkii'k, being the lirsf man to hold this office, in wiiicii he did able and effective woi'k until Issn. wIhmi \u' was made treasurer of the St. Aiulrews nuinicipality. At tiie present time, besides serving as sej'- geant at arms of the Manitoba legislature, he is commissioner per ded. pot. and for taking atlidavifs in the king's bench court and also a notary luiblic of the province. In all of his various official ])ositions the influencing causes of his able work were the sanu'. They lay in his resourceful ami systematic business ability, his familiarity with the methods of official woi-k, his incorruptible honesty and the loyal and ])i'ogrcssive (|nalilies of his public spirit. .Mr. Macdougall married Miss Sai'ah Ann Flizabetli Truthwaite, a tlau'j:liter of 'i'homas and Catherine (MeDermot) Truthwaite. Ilei- father was a grandson of Governor Vincent, whose residence was in Albany, Prince Rupert's Ijand. He was among th(> earliest settlers in the Selkirk district, establishing his resi- dence here in 182!>. Mrs. Macdougall's mother was a daughter of Andrew Me- Dermot. one of the founders of Winnipeg. Mr. and Mrs. .Macdougall have seven ciiildren: -idlin .\.. of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan: .Mian, also of Saskatoon; 210 THE .STORY OF .MANITOBA Dugakl. of Saskatoon; Christiua Catherine, the wife of Alfred E. Norseworthy, fonnectt'd with tlie Iliulson's Bay Company at Fort William, Ontario; ]\Iary, who married F. V\. ^MrFarlane, a contractor at Fort William ; and Annie and Harriet, hotli of whom live at home. .Mr. ilaedougall is a Pre.sl)yterian and is jirorainent in the Masonic order, holding membersliip in tlie cliapter. His home overlooks the falls of St. Andrews at Lockport, where the government lock has been erected as a part of the canal system. Mr. Macdougall has for years been engaged in collecting geological specimens and relics of the stone age of the country, his collection having attracted considerable attention from scientists. No man is more honored in this locality than he for the force and strength of his i)ersonality, and the quality of the work he has accomplished has ureatly endeared him to his many friends and gained for him the kindly regaril of all with whom he lias been associated. ALLEN B. KELLY. Allen B. Kelly, accountant for the AVcstern Canada Flour ]\Iills. Ltd., one of the largest industrial institutions of Brandon, was liorn in this city. September 12, 1885, a sou of Andrew and Mary (Bramner) Kelly. His fatlier was one of the founders of the Western Canada Flour Mills and is ]3resi(U'nt of the concern at the present time. He came to ^lanitoba in 187!) from Ontario and has since become one of tlie foremost figures in business circles of Brandon. In connection with the mills which he is operating he maintains one hundred elevators and three large mills throughout the province and has developed and promoted the growth of this enterprise along modern and progressive lines. He is one of the directors of the Great West Life Insurance Company. Alien B. Kelly received his education in the Brandon public schools and in the Brandon College, which he left in 1905 in order to enter his father's business. He started in the office as bookkeeper and after one year was pro- moted to accountant, in which capacity he has since acted. His jio.sition is an important one, calling for constant alertness, systematic concentration, and expert financial ability, and Mr. Kelly has proven himself fully equal to those requirements and has gained by his able work a high place in business circles of the city. ilr. Kelly gives his allegiance to tlie conservative party liut is not active politically. He is a member of the Brandon Commercial Club. His entire life has been spent in this city, where his high qualities of mind and character have gained him warm friends. Although he has attained such definite success he is still a young man and his associates do not hesitate to predict for him continued and rapid progress in his chosen line of work. . CREASEY J. WHELLAMS. Creasey J. Whellams, present business secretary of the Million for iMani- toha League, an organization formed for the purpose of promoting immigration to and furthering the agricultural, commercial and industrial interests of the province, is no novice in colonization work or the science of intensified farming, having spent over forty years in studying the questions which arc at tlie pres- ent time of such vital interest to the Prairie province. Mr. Whellams was born in St. Ives. Huutingtonshire. England. Jamiary 8. 1842. His mother's family were Huguenots who settled on the Isle of Ely. and one of his ancestors founded Thorny Abbey in which tablets of stone bearing the names of many of the old Huguenot i-efngees may still be seen. He was educated in private schools THE STORY OF MANITOBA 211 iu C'aiiil)riclge ami iu 1866 movod lo Livur[i(K)l where he held a first lieutenant's eoniinission in the Twelfth Lancashire Artillery and entered into business as shipping and insurance agent, at that time a very important branch of the railway and steamship business. On January 14, 1S»S6. Jlr. Wliellams married Charlotte Emily Sudlow, a daughter of Thomas Sudlow, manager of the North Western Bank at Liverpool. Taking a great interest iu the auiieultural labor movements and realizing that emigration to Canada would benelit the farm laborer and the working classes and possibly prove the solution of a most vexing problem, he in 1872 crossed to Canada for the purpose of making a personal investigation and as- certaining to what extent, if any, the Dominion and provincial governments would assist an organized effort to bring a number of the better class of agri- cultural laborers to the provinces. After visiting New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, (,)uebec and Ontario he api)roaclied the Canadian authorities and was success- ful in eidistiug both their sympathy and very material assistance which enabled him during tile next three years to send nearly five thousand laborers and their families to new homes in Ontario. In 1876 he was conuni.ssioned by the premier of the Dominion, the Hon. Alexander McKenzie, to visit .Manitoba, considered tlun a lu-ovince in the far west, and make a full report on the agricultural possibilities. It was necessary to follow the Great Lakes and on this occasion the boat on which he was a passenger had in tow the first locomotive and rails ever landed at the head of the lakes, which were left at Fort William to be used by the Canadian Pacific Railway in pushing their line westward toward the future granary of the world. After leaving Port AVilliam he proceeded to Dululh whence the journey to jManitoba was via the old St. Paul & Pacific Hallway to Fai-go, thence down th.e Red river by stern-wheel steamer to Fort Garrj', arriving in September, 1876, after a trip from Quebec occupping eigh- teen days. Winnipeg, (then Fort Garry) the present metropolis of the west, at that tiine gave very little promise to become one of the most important industrial and commercial centers of Canada, consisting of a fort, a very few houses and one-story frame stores and having the api)earance of having been dropped on the i)i-airi(> and ])ushed back to make room for a very wide street. In Winni- peg Mv. Whcllams secured a guide, an ox and a Red i-iver cart, a tent and other necessary camping requisites, and started on the trip which was to have such a far-reaching elfeet on the future of the whole of Canada. On Thursday, September 14th, he left Winnipeg, traversing the main Indian trails for a dis- tance of one hundred and seventy miles and passing through the few scattei'ed settlements of pioneers who, even at that date, had unlimited faith in the new country of their choice; leaving the trail he i)roceeded across the open prairie in a southwesterly direction until he reached the bank of the Little Sa.skatche- wan i-iver, finding good farms anil comlortable homesteads at many points along the route. The extraordinary productive power nl' the soil was <'vidfiit on every side. The native grasses being in many ])laces from four to eight feet high very often made it difficult for the traders to find their oxen, which would stray during the night. .Ml-. Whcllams, himself surprised at the tremendous size and excep- tional (|ualily of the vegetables and gi-ains grown by the farmers, coiududed that the only way to convince the "powers that be" of the truthfulness of the rejiort whicii would be submitted, was to take a collection of these products to Ottawa and jilace them on exhibition, and with the assistance of the settlers lie brought together the first exhibit of JIanitoba products, consisting of several varieties of grain,- iiK-luding Indian corn, twenty varieties of vegetables, .small fruits and hops. This collection was later placed on view in London, England, and file rollowing mention apjieared in the London Standard under date of Januai'v 8. 1S77: "Canadian I'roduce. There is now to be seen at the otlices of the Canadian government agency, Canada buildings, Queen Victoria street, an interesting collection of the agricultural ju-oducts of the province of Jlani- 212 THE STOIJV OK .AIAXITOBA toba in the Dominion of Canada. These consist of specimens ol' wlieat, rye, hops, beets, turnips, onions, mangelwurzel anil various other items of farm pro- duce, together witli some speeiniens of minei-al wealth, iiii-luding silver, leiul. iron, the Canadian amethyst and other mineral jiroduetions. A specimen of the soil, a rich black loam, is also exiiil)itcd by i\lr. Whcllams. This is the first time on which tiie farm proiluets of tlie noitliwest have inti'oihiced into England and their in.spection might well form an element in determining em- igrants upon choice of the locality to wliich to proceed.'' So impressed was Mr. Whellams with tlie agricultural possibilities of Man- itoba and the northwest territories that he then decided to devote his entire efforts to the colonization of the west and with this end in view made applica- tion to the department of the interior for a reservation of six entire townships, or an area of thirty-four tiiousand, two hundred and eighty acres on the Tjiltle Saskatchewan river just west of the old ]\lanitoba lioundary line. In i-esponse two townships were allotted and on this hind ^Ir. Whellams founded the pi-es- ent town of Rapid City where he established and settled one hundred and twenty-four homesteads, brick works and foundry and machine shops, which were the first industrial concerns west of Winnipeg excepting the flour mill which was erected at Portage la Prairie by Mr. Smith. Owing to the line of the Canadian Pacific being surveyed through the town it grew rapidly until the population reached eleven hundred when the news came that the railway would not touch the town but liad been de'flected and would run twenty-two miles to the south. This naturally ended the jirosperity of the district and practically ruined a large inimber of men who had their entii-e capital invested there and thoroughly disheartened Mr. WhellauLs who decided to seek other fields and for the time being abandoned the colonization work. In 1892 he went to St. Paul, Minnesota, where he was engaged in manu- facturing and where for twelve years he acted as secretary of the Northwestern Manufacturers Association. In 1910 he retui-ned to Canada, taking up his residence in Winnipeg, shortly after accepting his present position as busi- ness secretary for the Million for Jlanitoba League, where he has with the cooperation of the Dominion and pi'ovincial governments done such excellent work on behalf of the agricultural interests of the province. DANIEL HAJIILTON. ^Yith the building operations of Kildonan Daniel Hamilton was closely associated at an early day and also carried on general agricultural pursuits. Cai-eful direction of his business affairs, indefatigable energy and sound busi- ness judgment were elements in his success and no one ever (piestioned the integrity and honesty of his busijiess transactions. He passed away in 1899 at tlie age of sixty-six years, his birth having occurred in Bothwell, neai- (llas- gow, Scotland, about 183'S. He was a son of John Bailey Hamilton, who remained a resident of the land of hills and heather but had a large family, nearly all of whom came to America, although Ids son, Daniel, was the only one to settle in Canada. The period of his ndnority was spent in the land of his nativity and about 1855 he sought the opportunities of the new world, remain- ing for two years a resident of Ontario before coming to Manitoba. He then came to Kiltlonau and afterward traveled on foot with a prospecting crew to Victoria, spending three summers on the Fraser river prospecting for gold. He afterward returned to this province and purchased a farm in Kildonan East, while subsequently he invested in two farm proiierties in Springfield. He lived, however, in Kildonan, carried on general agricultural pursuits and in the careful management of his farm interests attained a very gratifying degree of wealth. He was also a carpenter by trade and assisted in building V ^r -^f^' WS: J^^^^^l iH |H ^H^^^^^^^^^H DANIEL HAMILTON THE STORY OF .MANITOBA 215 many liouses on Main street. His own home was situated on what is now "Wash- ington street. Mr. Hamilton married Miss Janet .Sutherland, a dauiihter of John Suther- land, wlio eame from Scotland as one of the old Selkirk settlers. He first took up his al)ode in Kildonan but later removed to Headingly and there spent his remaining days, a prominent, aetive and influential citizen of that locality. His wife horc the maiden name of Jane Poison. To Mr. and Mi-s. Hamilton were horn nine children, of whom eight are living: John ; Jane ; James; Jlarion, now Mrs. John Ahey ; Catherine A., now Mrs. C W. Gihlis; W. K. ; Thonuis A. ; and A. E. The wife and mother passed away in 1895 and was survived by Mr. Haitiilton for four years, his death occurring in 1899. His religious faith was that of the Kildonan Presbyterian church and he was loyal to his professions, seeking ever to embody in his life the spirit of the Golden Rule. In matters relating to the public welfare he was much interested and failed not to give active support to those measures which he deemed would prove valuable factors in advancing the progress of the province. In manner he was kindly and considerate and his business integrity none (luestioned. From the time of his removal to the west he lived in Kildonan and wherever he was known was held in high esteem because of the sterling traits of his character. His daughter, Jliss Jane Hamilton, has always resided on the old homestead and erected in 1912, a fine residence on the old Hanulton property on the bank of the R«d river. Through her cooperation the publishers are enabletl to reproduce the steel engraving of Daniel Hamilton, which accompanies this article. GEORGE B. NOBLE. George B. Noble, who has been engaged in the house-moving business in Brandon since 1882, was born in Brantford, Ontario, March 8, 1852, a son of John and Anne (Risi)in) Noble. The family is of Irish origin but has been in America for .some time. The city of Brantford is a historical ])lace and named for (.'hief Brant, a very prominent and influential chief who during the war of 1812 was a stout and faithful ally of Great Britain and is buried in the grounds of the .Mohawk church, which was Innlt in the time of Queen Anne. A monu- ment of him stands now in Victoria Park in the center of the eity. Brantford is adjacent to the old ilohawk settlement and was also the home of the inventor of the Bell telephone. John Nolde, the father of our subject, was there estjib- lished in the painting busini'Ss and followed this occupation until his death in ISSl. His wife sui'vived him until 19(12 and both ai'e biu'ied in the Greenwood cemetery of Bi'antford. The father was for some years prominent in local conservative politics and did able work as returning officer in various municipal and political contests. George B. Noble received his education in the Central school and at a private school in Brantford and laid a.side his twoks at the age of sixteen in order to take a position as clerk in a genei'al stoi'e. He, however, resumed his studies after a short period and then started to learn the carpentering trade in the machine works oi)eriited by the ShuHz Bi-o1hers. .\ftei- three years' ai)i)ren- ticeship he went to Chicago and thei'c for lifleen months worked as a journey- man carpenter. Returning to Brantford he followed the .sinue trade fen- some time ami exjianded his activities in 1880 to include contracting and building. In July of 1.SS2 he came to Brandon where he followed general contracting in connection with house moving. He later abandoned his contracting tlei)artm»>nt and has since devoted his entire time to the other branch of his activities meet- ing with a gratifying measure of success as a result of his straightforward methods ami well directed industry. He has recently added to his iietivities bv operating a Ibi'esbing outfit came to Wiiuiijieg and at that time engaged in practice with the firm of Aikins, Culver & McCleneglian, with whom he remained until the close of the year 1900. He then formed a partnership with the late Thomas Robinson, the relationship existing nntil the death of the latter in 1908. In November of the same \'ear JMr. Hull became senior partner of the firm of Hull, S]>arling & Sparling. For twenty years he has been a practitioner at the liar antl his career has been characterized by steady progress in his chosen profes- sion, indicating that his skill and ability are continually increasing. His pi'ac- tice is largely in the field of eonnuercial law and he speaks with authority upon many involved (piestions which have to do with that clepartment of jurispru- dence. He likewise has financial interests here, being a director of the Con- tinental Fire Insurance Company and the Fidelity Trust Company. In the spring of 1892, in Toronto, Mr. Hull was luiited in marriage to Miss Annie Lovell, of that place, and they liave four children, Vera Lovell, William Lovell, Margaret Lyle and Annie Elizabeth Berry. Mr. Hull votes with the cons(>rvafive jiai'ty and thus gives expression to his opinions concerning im- poi'tant and vital political problems, but he never seeks nor desires office. His social relations are with tlie -Manitoba. Adanae and Canadian Clubs and he attends the .\iigustine l'resb>tei-ii)n chui'eh. His has been an active and well spent life and each ste]) he has made has been a forward one, bringing him a broader outlook and wider opportunities. His ability, natural and acquired, is pronounced and has gained him a creditable place among the leading prac- titioners of his adopted city. JAMES ALEXANDER THOMPSON. The almost mii'aeulous growth of Winnipeg is due in large degree to the great spirit of enterprise of its business men, and among the younger genera- tion whose elToi-ts are proving )iotent forces in this woi'k is James .Mcxander Thompson, ojid'ator in real estate, loans and insurance. Born in Selkirk in 1882 he is a son of Thomas Edward and Hnldah A. (Cowan) Thomiison, who came to Manitoba from Arthur. Ontario, in 1880, and a few years later took 218 THE STORY OF MANITOBA up their abode in Wiiiuiix'g. Tli(> rather, who was a leadino; building con- tractor aiui an early pioneer in that line of activity, died iu VMti. James Alexander Thompson aetjuired his early education in the public schools and later pursued a course of study at the Collegiate Institute in Winni- peg. In 1898, when but sixteen years of age, he crossed the threshold of the business world, accepting employment with the firm of Russell, Lang & Com- pany, and later with W. A. Davis, in the book business. He remained with the latter until 1906, iu which year he entered another field of labor, engaging independently iu the real-estate, loan anil insurance business, since which time he ha.s gradually forged ahead in the business world. He makes a specialty of central jiroperty and has thoroughly familiarized himself with the real- estate market, while his careful study of existing conditions has greatly added to his efficiency, so that today he is awarded an excellent patronage which is steadily increasing in volume and importance, carrying him rapidly toward the goal of success. Mr. Thompson was married, in 1909, to Miss Evelyn Cameron, a daughter of Johu Cameron, a carriage maker of Winnipeg, and they have two children, Lenore Cameron and Muriel Cameron. Mr. and Mrs. Thoini)soii are well known in the younger circles of Wiunijieg and their home at No. 207 Lenore street is the favorite resort of a large circle of friends. ]\Ir. Tiiompson is a member of several of the city clubs. Not active iu politics he is yet deeply interested in all that pertains to the welfare of Winnipeg, giving his influence in behalf of those measures which are matters of civic virtue and civic pride. Although still in the prime of young manhood he has won for himself a place among the enterprising, progressive and successful men of the city and deserves much credit for what he has accomplished in a business way. CAPTAIN JOHN W. KENNED V. The excellent record which he made in military life was the forerunner of an e(|ually creditable record which he made in public office and in the relations of private life, for Captain John W. Kennedy was a man whom to know was to admire and honor, and his death brought a sense of personal loss and bereavement to all who knew him. He was born in Peterboro. Ontario, in 1845, a son of Colonel John Kennedy, a native of Ireland. When nineteen years of age he w-on a certifieate in the military school of Montreal and when only a boy he was a bugler in the army. He was thereafter connected with military affairs until coming to Winnipeg, and was advanced from rank to rank luitil he became captain of the Forty-seventh Battalion and in command of his company took part in the Fenian war of 1866. He underwent the usual experiences counected with every phase of military life in the provinces and remained with the army until the winter of 1882, when he resigned and came to Winnipeg, accepting a position in the registrar's office under his brother W. N. Kennedy, who was then registrar. Captain Kennedy acted as his deputy for a few years and then turned his attention to the life insurance business, acting as manager at Wiuniiieg for two companies for a time. Later, however, he returned to the registrar's office as deputy and there remained until his death, on the 12th of February, 1910. From time to time as his financial resources permitted he invested in property and through the aei|uire- ment of real estate became a very well-to-clo man. The spirit of patriotism which prompted his early connection with the army never left him, his loyalty to his country ever being one of his dominant qualities. Captain Kennedy was a man of domestic tastes, devoted to his home and the happiness of bis family. In 1866 he was married in Cramahe township, Ontario, to Miss Sarah E. Newman, a daughter of Saumel Newman, a very prosperous farmer and prominent citizen of bis locality. His parents were tf ■ v^ .'^H '^" ^^^I^^^^^H ^^■f ^^^^^^^^^H Wf^M ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1 \_~^^^^^^^"~ M^ /'^^jj ■lH^H W ' m ^^^^^^^H^^^^^^^^^^ zd^^^^^^^^l JOHN \V. KKNXKKV THE STORY OF MANITOBA 221 natives of Eugland and removed to Ireland, in whicli country their son Samuel was born. After arriving at years of maturity he married Hester Morgan and the entire ])erio(l of their doincstie life was passed in Ontario. Captain and Mrs. Kennedy liecame tlie parents of three ehildren: William X.. an architect with the Canadian Pacific Kailroad Company, who has a son, John Wilbur; John H. M., the father of a daughter, Viola Mae, who is a dealer in automobile supplies; and Lucy A., the wife of Dr. G. A. Brown, by whom she has two children, Samuel Wesley and Lula lona. Captain Kennedy built his residence about 1902 at 965 Portage avenue, where he died and where his widow yet resides. There was in all the life record of Captain Kennedy nothing particu- larly spectacular but his life histoi-y was that of a man always true to his duty and faithful to his highest ideals. PIERBERT W. (iRAIIAM. Although one of the younger practitioners at the bar of "Winnipeg. Herbert W. Graham has already achieved a reputation which many an older barrister might well envy. He began practice in 1910 and has since given evidence of his possession of those qualities which are indispensable elements of success in the work of the courts. He wa.s born at Owen Sound, Ontario, in 187S. his parent.s being Thomas F. and Janet (^NFcBride) fJi'aham. who were also natives of Ontario and are now residents of TVinni])eg. Tiie son ])ui'sued his educalion in the jiublic schools of bis native place and of Winni|)eg and was also for a year a student in the Collegiate Institute of this city. He likewise spent four .years in Wesley College, from which he was graduated with the class of 1902. Previous to completing his college course, however, he had entered upon the l)i-ofessi()n of teaching, being principal of the schools at Dominion City for a year. After his graduation he became connected with the editorial depart- ment of the ^Manitoba Free Press, being one of the sub-editors for a couple of years, his association with .iournalistic interests covering four years, after which he took up tiie study of law. He realized fully that careful preparation must precede successful jii'actice and thoi'ouglily mastered the law coni-se in Manitoba University, being graduated in 1910 with honors. The same year lie was called to the bar and entered at once upon practice, with offices in the McArthur building. In January, 1912, he entered into partnership with A. C. Johnston under the firm name of Graham & Johnston. Ho is a director in several coriiorations and while in college he wa.s editor of the college paper. He has taken an active interest in the discussion of the university (|uestion. especially in behalf of Wesley College, and he h;is at all limes been the chamjiion of improvement and progress in the schools. Socially Mr. (iraham is well known as a member of the Assiniboine and Garry Clubs and the guiding principles of his life find their root in the teachings of the ^Methodist church, of whic-h lie is a member. CECIL M. TWISS. Cecil i\I. Twiss. provincial iiiMiiager of llie Manufacturers' Life Insurance Company, with offices at No. 217 ]\IcTntyre block, Wiiuiipeg. was born in Hamilton, Ontario. August 80, ISSll, a son" of J. A. and Mary E. Twis.s, Tlie family is of Irish origin but has been in Canada for a luunber of years. The father of our sub.ject is well known in the contractintr and building business in Calgai-y. where he and his wife reside. Cecil M. Twiss received his education in the public schools of Hamilton and laid aside his books when he was fifteen years of age. He then .joined his 222 TIIK STORY OK MAMTol'.A father in the contraL'tiiig aud biiikling line and retained this idenlifieation until he was twenty-three years of age. His eonueetion with the ilanufaeturers' Life Insurance Company began in 1908, when he was made general agent for the Brandon district. This company at that time had no rejiresentative in that section, but i\Ir. Twiss had a talent for system and organization aud worked up the busine.ss to such an extent that the bureau at Brandon employed ten permanent agents with ]Mr. Twiss as general manager. He entered upon the iluties of that position in IIUO and remained thei-e until he came to Winnipeg. He showed an unusual ability, suppleuLented l)y business .sagacity and integrity, so that the atl'airs under his charge were nuiuaged ably and efficiently and with constant cousiileration for the interests of his employers. On January 1, 1913, the western aiul eastern managements of the comjjany in Manitoba were combined and Winnipeg became the head office, with Mr. Twiss in charge, his selection for the position being a high tribute to liis ability. Mr. Twiss was married at Medford on June 13, 1906, to Jliss M. A. Madder, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Madder, the former a pioneer merchant of Medford. They have oue daughter, Berenice, who resides with hi>r jiarents at No. 354 Fifteenth street. Mr. Twiss is a member of the ;\fetliodist church. He is independent in his political beliefs and never allows his vote to be influenced by party considerations. He is a member of the IndeiK'udeut Order of Odd Fellows and belongs to the Brandon Commercial Club. He is still too young to have gone beyond the first phase of his business career and yet he has already gained a success which places him among the prominent and important business men of the city aud ]iriuiiises well for the future. H. L. PATMORE. Probably no business of Brandon has more directly contributed toward the improvement and development of the country than that of H. L. Patmore, who is conducting a nursery, flower and seed establishment at Maple Park. He was born at Bishops Doiford, Herefordshire, England, on April 10, 1861, and is a son of R. L. and Emma (Ford) Patmore. The father, wlio lived to attain the venerable age of eightj'-six yeai-s, passed away in 1909, but the mother's death occurred in 1865. She is buried in England, but the father was living in Manitoba at the time of his demise and is interred in the ceme- tery at Brandon. The early years of H. L. Patmore were passed in his native land, his educa- tion being obtained in a gramnuir school at Newport, which he attended until he was a youth of twelve years. He subsequently returned home aud assisted his father, who was engaged in. the nursery business, aud later went to the market at Covent Garden, where he conducted a fruit and flower stall for him. Soon thereafter he began to develop symptoms of tuberculosis, and as it was deemed advisable for him to seek a change of climate he came to Canada. For four years thereafter he worked in the horticultural department of the govern- ment experimental farm, and for a time he also resided in British Columbia. In the meantime he formed a partnersliip with J. Brock, and together, in 1883, they established the business now being conducted by :Mr. Patmore. This was conducted on a partnership basis for seven years, but in 1890, Mr. Brock removed to California, selling his interest to our subject. Good judgment and excellent business methods have been manifested by Mr. Patmore in the develop- ment of this enterprise, which is one of the thriving establishments of the city. He has the largest business of the kind in this section of the Dominion and is shipping his products all over the country. At the present time he gives employment to ninety men and is constantly enlarging his sales department, which" now carries the names of patrons from all through this section of THE STORY OF MANITOBA 223 Canada, and many of the northwestern states. He has made all of the improve- ments on his place and the first residence thereon he constructed himself. Mr. Patmoi-e has been twenty-nine j'ears in establishing his business, which is one of the strongest and most prosperous enterprises in the city. His suc- cess must be attributed to his thorough tamiliarity with and wide knowledge of horticulture no less than his excellent business methods, both of which have served to numl)i'r him among the foremost men in his line in Canada. CTT.\Kr;RS CLIFTON CIIATAWAY. Charles Clifton Chataway, who since 1897 has held a commission as land surveyor in Manitoba, has during the twenty years of his residence in this province been largely connected with the government survey department, in which he has served in various capacities. A native of Hampshire. England, his l)irth occurred at Ilei-kfield in April, 1869, his parents being James and Elizabeth (Drinkwater) Chataway, tiie father being a clergyman of the Church of England. Of tiieir marriage were born twelve children, all of whom lived to attain maturity and became a credit to tlirmselves and their parents. All of the sons, of wliom there were seven, went to the colonies, where at some time or other in their careers they were connected with the government service, some of them having attained positions of prominence and trust. Of the three who located in Australia, one at his death had become minister of agriculture in Queensland, while another is senator of the Commonwealth of Australia, being held in high repute in his district. One son located in South Africa, where he now occupies a position of trust in the Rhodesia government, and another became an administrator in the government service of Egypt. The other two sons came to Canada, our subject settling in ^Manitoba and his l)rother in British Columbia. The eldest of the five daughters of this family became th(> wife of the late ]\Ioberly Bell, manager of the London Times. The early years in the life of Charles Clifton Chataway were pa.ssed amid the refining influences of the parental home, w'here he early had instilled in his youthful consciousness the fine moral i)recepts, which enabled him to develop the sterling (|ualities characterizing his later years. In September, 1883, he entered Bradfield College, Berkshire, where he continued his education for three years. He next entered the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich, where he remained until 1888, at which time he was awarded a conunission as second lieutenant in the Royal Artillery. He was later stationed at Halifax, but after two years service he resigned his commission and became a civil engineer. In 1891, he came to Winnipeg to pursue his vocation, and six years later was commissioned land surveyor in Manitoba. From 1898 to 1900, he was examiner of surveys in the land titles office of Winnipeg, following which he wa.s ap- pointed director of surveys of the Yukon territory, with head(|uarters at Daw- son. He remained there for five yeai'S and then returiunl to Winnijieg and assumed the duties of his former jiosition in tlie land titles office. In 1906 he severed his connection with this departnu'ut and has ever since given his undivided attention to the business of surveying with offices at No. 1302 Union Trust building, this city, being now the senior partner in the firm of Chataway & Vercoe. this partner.ship having been organized in January, 1913. In 1897, ;\Ir. Cliataway was married to Miss I\L Emlyn Thomas, a daughter of the Rev. A. Thomas of Beguildy, Wales, and of this nuirriagc have been born four children: James Harold IL, Helen Drinkwater. Gerald Clifton and Charles Rupert II. The family residence is located at No. 78 Cathedral avenue. By reason of his general efficiency and reliable and i>roinpt s<>i'vice. Mr. Chataway has establislied a rep)itatii»i in his business connections, which lias won him the confidence of those with whom he has tran.sactions and has paved the way to the success he is enjoying. He is an a.ssociate memlier of the Cana- 224 Till-: STOUV OF MANITOBA diaii Society of Civil Enpiieers and in January, 1913, resigned the position of secretary of the Manitoba l^and Surveyors after seven years' service, altliough he still remains a niciuber of the hoard of examiners for that body. He is a man of good principles, high standards and houoi-ablc motives, and as such is accorded the respect and rcgai'd of a large circle of accjuaintances. ALEXANDER RAE DAVIDSON. At the intersection of Kuskia row and Park road stands Winnipeg's most beautiful and palatial residence known as Sunnycroft, the home of Alexander Rae Davidson. Those who meet its owner there find him always approachable, pleasant, allable and courteous, and hear no mention of the fact made that his l)usine.ss interests are of international importance. Winnipeg claims him as a citizen of Canada and the United States protit by his remarkable energy, liusincss ability and well formulated plans. As the ])romoter ol' numberless iudustrial and commercial uudertaking.s and extensive financial interests, both countries owe him a debt of gratitude for what he has done in advancing material progress. He has spent a number of years on each side of the border and his operations continue among both peoples and are of constantly growing extent and importance. Mr. Davidson, however, is a native of Canada, his birth having occurred in Glencoe, Ontario, July 10, 1855. He comes of Scotch- Irish ancestry and is a son of William and Christine (McRae) Davidson. His father was a native of Ireland but in early life came to Canada, settling iu Ontario, where he followed the occupation of farming. He was a man of force of character and ability. He died in 1880, while his wife, who bore the nuii'den name of Christine McRae, and was of Scotch descent, passed aw-ay in 1886. There were four sons in the family and the parents were ambitious to give them the best educational opportunities possible, never counting self-sacrifice if the welfare of their sous would be thereby promoted. In the midst of a rural environment, through the careful training of industrious, intelligent and ambitious parents, Alexander Rae Davidson laid the foundation for his success. He supplemented his country-school edueatiou by study in the high school at Glencoe and on leaving home turned to the United States, which was then regarded as the land of oppoi-tunity by the Canadians. Making his way -to Wisconsin, he became telegraph operator and station agent on the Green Bay & Jlinnesota Railroad, which is now a part of the Minneapolis & St. Louis system. This was in 1874. He devoted eight years to railroad work in various branches of the operating and train service and in 1882 made his initial step in that bi'oader field of labor which has brought him to his present conspicuous, enviable and honorable position as a business leader of two countries. He joined his brother. Andrew Duncan Davidson, in the banking and land business in southwestern ilinnesota. Keen insight enabled the brothers to recognize the opi)ortunities afforded along those lines and they extended their efforts into Iowa, South Dakota and Nebraska. The start was comparatively small but their efforts extended in a constantly broadening angle of usefulness that covered many states and reached far into western Canada. It is true that not all days were ecpially lu'ight and at times they saw the storm clouds gathering but they managed to turn threatening defeats into victories and gave continually greater and greater evidence of their power to initiate nuimmoth enterprises and to cope with the most complex and intricate problems, finding ready solution thereof. Alexander R. Davidson settled at Little Falls, iliiniesota, and there resided for eighteen years, throughout which period he filled the position of president of the First National Bank — a connection that still maintains. For many years prior to 1903 he w-as associated in all his varied business interests with his brothers under the firm style of Davidson Brothers but in 1903 Colonel A. D. SIcRae entered the fii-m. Through all the vears since the brothers first started AI.KXAXDKK 1!. D.WIDSOX THE STORY OF MANITOBA 227 opuralions in the west their interests have grown and today include llie owner- ship and conduct of a line of banks in ilinnesota and the Dakotas. Their first extensive land operations ])egan when in connection with other business men they purchased all of the unsold land tyrants of the North Pacific Railroad Com- pany in ^Minnesota and also of the Great Northern Railroad Company, agrgregat- ing over one million acres. They made a recoril for the disposal of this property, selling the entire amount in less than a year. In 1!)(I2 in connection with others they organized the Saskatchewan Valley Land Company with Colonel A. D. Davidson as president, and purchased one million, three huntlred thousand acres in the province of Saskatchewan. To ])lace this upon the market and secure its colonization was the problem that then confronted them but the genius of Colonel Andrew I). Davidson was e(|ual to the occasion and at a luncheon held in the rnion League Club in Chicago he felt that the i)sychic moment had come to launch his enterprise. He invited a number of bankers then present to become his guests in his private car on a trij) to Wininpeg and western Canada and further extended the invitation through these hankers to their country corres- pondents. The crowd kept growing until the train had to move in three sections. Not one word concerning the sale of the property was spoken but the rich valley of the Saskatchewan was its own advertisement and sales agent and ere the jiarties ceased to be the guest of tiie firm of Davidson Brothers many thousand acres luid been sold and the purchasers telling their clients and bank patrons of their investments. thi> sales continued until within eight months the vast tract had passed Iroiii the hands of the Davidson brothers into that of actual settlers. It was a marvelous feat in its .scope antl in its I'esult and has become known in western Canada history as the American invasion. Ft was in the following year, 1908, that the firm of Davidson & McRae was funned. They took over the land grant and town sites of the Canadian North- ei'u Railway and have continued handling the property to the present, having now over six hundred town sites. In 1!K)4 they purchased a large interest in the Cohunbia River Lund)er Company and in 190i) bought out the Fraser River Company of British Columbia. These concerns now ojjcrate under the name ol the Canadian Western Lundier Company, Limited, with a capital stock of lifteeu millions. They own ami control the lai-gest sawmills in Canada and the Fraser Uiver null is the largest sawmill in the world. Alexander R. Davidson is the treasurer and one of the directors of the company. AVith his brother and Colonel JIcRae and associates they own and control the Anacortes Lumber & Box Com- pany, of Anacortes. Washington, of which he is a director. The company also own the Canadian North Pacific Fisheries, Limited, on the North Pacific ocean, theii' ci|uipmcnt including eighteen whaling vessels. Of this company A. R. Davidson is also a dire<-tor. as he is usiness transacted in thai connection is mammoth. Mr. Davidson is the president of the Coast Lumberyai-ds. Limited, handling hnnbei' for the retail trade, operating in connection with otiier establishments of the kind three large retail lundieryards in Wininpeg. lie is tiie vice president of the Security Lumber Company, Limited, with liea(li|uarlers at Moose Jaw. operating fifty retail yards; is a director of the Lumber Manufacturers, Limited, with iicadi|uartcrs at Hegiiia and operating fifty retail yards; a director in tiic Western Canaila Sawmills Yards, Limited, with fifty retail yarils and liead- (|uarters at Saskatoon, Saskatchewan; and a director in the Crown Lumiier 228 THE STORY OF JIANITOBA Company, Limited, operating more than fifty retail yards, witli licadiiiinrtei's at Calgary. The maniniotli liimlier interests, the extensive ehain of banks, and (he opera- tions of the firm in handling real estate — these do not comprise the extent of the business interests and pro.ieets with which Jlr. Davidson is connected. He believes that there is more good land in Canada from the Red river to the moun- tains than in any like area on the continent and has the greatest faith in the future of the Dominion. On account of its great natural resources, its splendid land, its lumlier supply, its water power and other facilities, lie ticlieves that Canada is destined to be the greatest country in the world. }i[v. Davidson is the president of the Quill Plains Latid Coinjiany. the Carrot River \'alley Land Company, Limited, and vice president ami directoi- of the Saskatchewan Valle.y & Alberta Land Company, the Canadian Loan & Securities Company, Limited, and the Great Lakes Dredging & Dock Company of Chicago. As early as 187S the firm in which He is a partner looked over western Canada as a possible feas- ible land proposition but did not consider the time ripe and waited until 1902 for their activities. The wisdom of this course tinu' has demonstrated and it can be said without fear of contradiction that they have done more than any other body of men for the growth and develojiment of western Canada. Ilis genius for initiation, management and direction is fui'ther made manifest in the control of complex financial problems of insurance. He is president and treasurer and one of the directors of the Winnipeg Insurance & Vessel Agency, Limited, and is a director of the Port Arthur Insurance & Vessel Agency, Limited ; the Toronto Insurance & Vessel Agency, Limited; the Montreal Insurance & Vessel Agency, Limited, and the Vancouver Insurance & Vessel Agency. Limited. These con- cerns write fire, marine and liability, and handle insurance from the Atlantic to the Pacific, doing a greater volume of business of this class than any other concern in Canada. On the 24th of February, 1892, Mr. Davidson was united in marriage to Miss Laura jM. Tanner, of Little Falls, Minnesota, and they are the parents of one son, Rolland, born in 1900. Mr. Davidson is a member of the ]\Ianitoba and St. Charles Country Clubs of Winnipeg, the ]\Iinneapolis (Minnesota) Club, the Minnesota Club of St. Paul, and in ^lasonry has attained the degrees of Knights Templar and Noble of the Mystic Shrine. In a re^-iew of his career one must ultimately reach the conclusion that Mr. Davidson is above all things a manly man, and his business affairs, of great magnitude, have not dwarfed the social side of his nature nor his appreciation of all those interests which give force and enthusiasm to life in its broadest sense. Important as are his connnercial, finan- cial and industrial investments, they have represented but one phase of his exist- ence and those who meet him recognize his kindly appreciative spirit, his breadth of thought and his close contact with the vital questions which are engaging the attention of thinking men of the age and are leaving their impress upon the history of the world. HENRY E. BEWELL, L. D. S. Dr. Henry E. Bewell. practicing dentistry in Dauphin along modern and scientific lines, is recognized as an able exponent of his profession and the liberal patronage accorded him is proof of the confidence reposed in him by the general public. He was born at Scarborough Junction, Ontario, August 9, 1877, and is a son of William H. and Emma (Edwards) Bewell, the former the auditor of the Grain Gi-owers Grain Company. The family is of English origin but the father of our subject is a native of Ontario. He was for many years well known as a school teacher and his activities along this line have carried him into important relations with educational interests of the section. THE STORY OF MANITOBA :J29 lie has been president of the ^Manitoba School Trustees Association and is a iiR'iiibcr of the university advisory board. In i)olities he is a consistent liberal. Dr. Bewell reccivetl his i)rimary eilueatiou at Whitby, Ontario, and was frraduated from the Whitby Collegiate Institute in 1895. The next few years lie spent as assistant to his father in the work of the farm and afterward he taufiht school in various parts of Manitoba until 1902. In that year he deter- minetl to make the practice of dentistry his life work and after following a four-year course, the final year of which was pursued at the Royal College of Dental Surgeons, at Toronto, he received his degree of L. D. S. in 1906. and locatetl for j)ractice in Dau|)liin. He has ever remained a close and eai'nest student of the underlying ])i-inc-ipl('s of the science and by reading and investi- gation keeps in touch with the advanced thought of his profession and bis labors have been atteudeil with excellent results when viewed from a financial and professional standpoint. He is a member of the Western Dental Association. Dr. Dewell married at Iluntsville, Ontario, in November, 1907, ]\Iiss Peai-l Lush, a daughter of Thouuts and ^Margaret Lush, the former a pioneer fai-mer of Ontario, who died in 1909 and is buried at ]\Iilton, in the same ju-ovince. Dr. and ilrs. Bewell have one daughter. Dorothea. Dr. Bewcl! is well known in the alYairs of the Independent Order of Odd b'ellows. He is treasurer of the ^lethodist church at Dauphin. In politics he is a consistent liberal and his interest in education has led him to accept a position on the school board, where he is doing able work. He keeps in touch with tiie trend of modern thought concerning matters of general interest as well as of professional advancement and has a creditable record as a member of the dental fraternity, having met with gratifying success in his practice. HERBERT H. HINCH. Although a comparatively recent arrival. Herbert H. Hindi has made his inipi-css felt in business circles of Winnijieg. his name standing high on the list of real-estate dealers here. His operations, however, have been an element in the gi-owth and development of various sections of the west, his attention being eontined more largely to colonization projects than to the sale of city property. Tic was born in Addington comity, Ontario, in 1872, a son of Ogtlcii am! -b'anie (Duncan) Ilincli, who were natives of Ontario and of Glasgow. Scotland. The father was at one time president of the ilanitoba & Western Colonization Company, which he organized in 1902. Two years before, or in 1900. he had organized the I'nion Colonization Compan.v. a joint stock comi)any, but he disi)o.sed of his interest in that in 1902. When the Union Colonization Company was formed in 1900 it opened agencies in various towns and cities throughout the states. When they disposed of their interests in the Union Colonization Company and organized the JIanitoba & Western, the new concern was owned wholly bv Ogdeu Hinch. his son, H. II. Ilini-h. and mem- bers of their family. In 1908, after an illness of two years, the former ])assed awa.^•, at the age of fifty-seven. lie is survived by bis widow, who yet resides in Winnipeg. Herbert II. Hinch was a pupil in the schools of XapaiKc. Ontario, passing through consecutive grades to the high school ainl lati-r attending a business college at Stratford, Ontario. He engaged in merchandising with his father at Napanee until 1898, when the family came to Jlanitoba. Tiieir first opera- tions in the real-estate field were at Carmen, where they remained until about 1900, when the growth and ehangiiiL:: conditions of their business com]>elled them to locate their oflices in Winnipeg. Ilerbeit H. Hinch is one of the pioneers in the work of colonizing western Canada and througli his efforts since 1900 large areas of the virgin lands of the Red l\iver valley have been 230 THE STORY OF MANITOBA converted into fertile anil productive farms. The business of the firm has been conducted pi'inciiJally among agriculturists who were successful in the states and foresaw tiic brigiit future and great opportunity that Canada otlVrcd. Mr. Ilinch is now conducting his interests as ])rcsidcnt of the .Manitoba & Western Colonization Com])any. lie is also a director in the Assiiiil)oine Estates and is a director and stockiioldci- in otiicr corporations. In l!Sy4, in Xapance, Ontario, iMr. Ilinch was married 1o Miss .Marion IMae- Eaehern, of that place, and they have become parents of three children, Regi- nald and Grace, aged fifteen and twelve years respectively, and Jean Katherine, an infant. The Ilinch family have long been prominent in the Presbyterian church. Both ilr. and Mrs. Herbert H. Ilinch are active members of tiie Augustine Presbyterian church. His father was for a long ])eriod superin- tendent of the Augustine Sunday school and formerly H. II. Ilinch was also a teacher in the Sunday school. He is now .serving as a member of the board of managers of Augustine church and his wife is an active member of the Ladies Aid Society. She is an accomplished pianist and their daughter Grace and son Reginald, are also students of nuisic. That Mr. Hindi is interested in the art of music and its development in Winnipeg is shown in his membership in the Clef Clidj. The family are prominent in the social circles where true worth and intelligence are received as the passports into good society, and their influence has ever been an element for progress along civic, intellectual and moral lines. VINCENT C. MADDOCK. N'incent C. ^laddock, a memt)er of the firm of Maddock Hrolliers, \At\.. and also of V. C. Maddock & Company, both of which are operating in real-estate, has through his efforts in that connection contributed not only to the development and upbuilding of Winnipeg but also of various other sections of the country. His labors have indeed been an important element in promoting the public prog- ress. V. C. Maddock & C'ompany were the pioneer real-estate firm in the plan of selling lots on the monthly payment .system, thereby enabling the working man or those of limited means, an ojiportunity of securing a home for them- selves. The popularity of tliis i>Ian is now attested by its almost univ(>rsal practice by real-estate men, and no one plan has probably done so nnicli to build up the suburbs of Winnipeg. Mr. Maddock has seen the possibilities of the west along another line and employed irrigation to promote fertility, and he has given practical demonstration to what may be achieved in the cultivation of fruit lauds in the west. He was born in Guel2:>h, Ontario. August 29, 1877. a son of E. H. and Mary (Knowles) Maddock, both of whom were natives of Ontario. Tlie father is now deceased but the mother is living. In the pulilie schools of Guelj)!! \'incent C. Maddock pursued his studies and following the completion of his education eame to Winnipeg in 1898 and here secured employment as a dry-goods clerk, working in that capacity for a year or more. In the spring of 1899 he went to Sw'au river where he took up a homestead and at the same time he engaged in general merchandising there. Two years later he removed to Winnipeg and again engaged in clerking, Init eagerly availed himself of his opportunity for advancement which came in the spring of 1!)04 when he entered the real-estate field. He has since handled property in numerovis towns while maintaining his Wiiuiipeg office. In 1904 the firm of V. C. ]\Iaddoek & Company was lormed and since that time they have handled realty in ^loose Jaw. Saskatoon and \'ic- toria, negotiating many imjjortant realty transfers. His business a.ssociates in that connection are J. F. Davidson and E. S. Hipwell. In a partnership relation under the name of Maddock Brothers, Ltd.. he was active in reclaiming six thousand acres of desert lands and by installing a mammoth irrigation system \ IM i:ni' C. MADIKm k THE STORY OP MANITOBA 233 ill till' Okanagaii vallfv this tract was traiisfoniied into one of the most attractive fruit districts of Jiritish ('(iliiiiiliia. His brothci', II. E. Maddnck, who is located at A'ietoria, is associated with liini in that undertaking, wliicli not only brought to the firm good profit hut was also of iiiuuense value to the country, demou- strating what could be doue in that district. Vincent C. Maddock devotes his entire time to real-estate operations, handling all kinds of property and special- izing to a considerable extent in dealing in subdivisions. He has thoroughly informed himself concei-ning values not only in Winnipeg l)ut in different cities throughout western Canada and in farm pro])erties as well. In Winnipeg in ]!'(I4 Mv. Maddock was married to Miss Jelena Maude Jle- Roberts, of Huntsville. Ontai'io, ami they have one daughter, Dorothy JIaude. Mrs. JIaddock passed away on December 8, 1912, and is buried in Winnipeg, lier death being the occasion of deep and sincere mourning among her many friends by whom she was greatly beloved, ilr. Maddock is a member of the Augustine Presbyterian church, to the sup])ort of which he contributes liberall.v, 'riii'oughout his entire career he has ever been watchful of opportunities and ill tlieii' utilization has made for himself a creditable name as one of the far- sighted real-estate men of keen discernment and of unfaltering energv. REUBEN .1. WAIiill. .AI. 1). Dr. Reuben J. Waugh. who has been engaged in the practice of medicine, surgery and obstetrics in Carberry since 1903, was born in Wiarton, Ontario, December 30. 1875, a son of Joseph and Mary (Von Sehermehorn i Waugh, the former a i)ioneer farmer in that province. He came to Ontario when the district around Wiarton was pi'actically unpo])ulated and he had no neiglil)ors within fifteen miles. His life has been ideiuiHed foi' many years with tlie agi'icultui'al development of the section ;:nd he also gradually became iirominent ill local affairs. He was a member of the first council board of Eastnor town- shi|). in Bruce county. He resides with his wife and family on the old home- stead. The mother of our subject is related to the Von Sehermehorns, famous shipbuilders of Philade]]>hia. Dr. Waugh received liis primary education in the public schools of \Viarton and was graduated from the high school in 1897. Ilaving earl.v determined to make the practice of medicine his profession, he entered the medical depart- ment of Trinity Univei'sit.v in Toronto and received his fellowship degree of P. T. M. ('. and his rogressive ideas, keenly alive to everv new development in medical I'csearch and investigation. He is always read.v to study modern uu'thods and keeps ill touch with the trend of advancement in the profession by his iiieiii- berslii|) in the Manitoba Medical Associati(Ui. On the 19th of •Tune. 1907. Dr. Waugh was united in mari-iage in Cai'lu'rry to Miss Katheriiii' I'otts. a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. James P(itts. former resi- dents of Tara, Ontario, who have passeil away and are buried in the Tara ciMiietery. Dr. and Mrs. Waugh have two children. Perry and Jack. The raiiiily are members of the Methodist churcli. Dr. Waugh is a stanch conservativ(> and is now serving as coroner of his .listiict. chairuiiMi of the Board of Education and health officer for Car- berrv district, the duties of which otTices hi' is alil.\' dischartring. He is well known in fraternal circles, holding membership in the Independent - intei-ested in Vol. n— 1 1 234 THE STORY OF MANITOBA real estate in Saskatchewan but gives liis entire time and attention to the practice of his profession in Carberry, beintr recognized as one of tlie most able and thoroughly conscientious physicians in tiie city. Scientific etl^^iciency is the foundation of liis rapid success and ujion it lie has built up an enviable practice. During the years of his conncetion with the profession Dr. Waugh has made steady progress by reason of his study and research and lias jiroven his knowledge and capability by the excellent results which have attended his labors. GEORGE HUTTON. George Hiitton has been conducting a floral business at No. 235 Eighteenth street, Brandon, since ^lay. 1904, and the prosperity he has achieved is the result of quiet industry intelligently directed. His success is exemplified in the fact that his enterprise has made a steady and normal growth during the years he has been connected with it and its present flourishing condition is the result of gradual but steady advancement, Mr. Hutton was born in Aber- deenshire, Scotland, October 18, 1861, and is a son of George and Margaret Hutton, both of whom have passed away. The father is buried in the chureh- .vard at Farnell and the mother's grave is at Priockhein, in the parish of Kirkden. George Hntton received his education in the piiblie schools of Farnell but has been earning his own livelihood since he was thirteen years of age and was contributing to his own support two years pre\'ious to that time. After lajnng aside his books he worked as a farm hand for a number of years and was for five years employed on the Caledonian Railroad, When he came to America he journe.ved by way of Philadelphia to Lyons, Nebraska, wiiere he engaged in the floral business for eight years. The next three years and a half were spent raising cotton in Mississippi. At the end of that time he went to Leeds. South Dakota, and became superintendent of the horticultui'al interests of the Homestake Mining Compan.v, acting in this capacity for five year.s. In 190-i he came to Manitoba and settled in Brandon, where he established him- self in business and has gradually attained a gratif.ving measure of success. He has a modern plant and has built large conservatories, making his enter- prise one of the largest of its kind in the city. At Leeds, South Dakota, Mr. Hutton was united in marriage in October, 1900, to Miss Catherine ]\IcKay, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Angus McKaj'', of Stornoway, Scotland. To Mr. and Mrs. Hutton were born five children, two of whom died in infancy and one son, George, died at the age of five and one- half years and is buried in Brandon. Those surviving are John Angus and Alice Jane. Mr. Hutton is a liberal in his political views but not active as an ofBce seeker. He is a member of the Presbyterian church. Although steadily adher- ing to standards of efficiency and industry he is progressive and modern in his ideas and tendencies and his business has expanded rapidly, making him one of the successful men of the city. J. H. MATTHEWS. J. H. ^latthews. manager of The Brandon Harness Company, which is located at No. 129 Eighth street, has been identified with the business interests of Brandon for eight years. He is a native of Erin. Wellington county, Ontario, his birth there occurring on the 5th of October, 1869, and is a son of William and Eliza (Garrett) Matthews. The father, who was one of the pioneer harness THE STORY OF MANITOBA 23i> makers oi' Wellington county, was a public-spirited man and took an active interest in the political activities of Erin, and was at one time a member of the village council. He passed away on the 5th of May, 1S93, and was laid to- rest in the cemetery at Erin beside the mother, whose death occurred in 1879. The early life of J. H. Matthews was passed in the village of his birth, his education being acquired in the public schools of Erin, which he attended until he attained tlie age of fifteen years. His text-books were then laid aside and he entered his father's shop, diligently applying himself to the mastery of the harness nuiker's trade luitil he had attained the age of twenty-one. Upon leaving home lie went to Acton, Ontario, where he established a business of his own which he successfully conducted until 1904. There he became prom- inent along various lines, doing conspicuously effective service as a member of the council for four years and serving a similar period as member of the lioard of health, while for three years he acted as director of the school board. He was also manager of the Earl lacrosse team, when it won the intermediate cliainpionship. In 19(14, however, he disj)osed of his business interests at that IHiiut and came 1o I\Ianitoba, engaging in the .jewelry business in Brandon Willi \V. H. ilallctt. At the end of a year they dissolved partnersliip, and Mr. .Matthews resumed liis connection with the harness trade by purchasing an interest in the business then known as Adams Brothers Wholesale Harness Company. The firm name was subsequently changeil to that of The Brandon Harness Company with Mr. Matthews as manager. He has since extended his interests by establishing a retail harness store at Saskatoon and Moose Jaw, both of which are thriving enterprises. Mr. Matthews is a man of fine dis- crimination antl gootl .judgment in matters of business and under his capable iiiaiiageiiient and ilircction the sales department of The Braiiilou Harness Com- ]>any has increased in a most gratifying manner. They are constantly extend- ing their territory and are rapidly winning recognition not only as one of the foremost houses of the kind in Manitoba but in the entire northwest. At Park Hill, Middlesex county, Ontario, on the 2d of October, 1887, Mr. ^Matthews was united in marriage to Miss Annie ilallett, a daughter of William Mallett. a pioneer farmer of that vicinity who is deceased. To Mr. and Jlrs. Matthews has been born one daughter, Ha/.el, the wife of George F. Thompson, a jeweler at ]Minnedosa. ]\Ir. and ilrs. ]\Iatthews reside at the corner of Seventh and Kosser streets, occupying suites 5 and G in the Crawford block. Jn mattei's of faith the family arc Pi'esbyterians, and j\Ir. Matthews is a member of the Masonic fraternity, having attained the rank of the chapter. He is also atYiliated with the Lacrosse Club of Brandon, and is now the presi- dent of that organization. In politics he is a stanch conservative and always gives his support to the candidates of that party. He is one of the highly esteemed citizens and business men of Brandon, and in the development of his interests is meeting with the success which invariably attends the efforts of the alert man rising methods. GEORGE 11. .MJCHIBALD. Difticnlt feats of engineering are accredited to the efforts and skill, both practical and technical, of George II. Archibald, who is well known in the general contracting field, conducting a large business in western Canada, with main offices in Wiiuiipeg. He was born in Sydney, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, in 1877, and prepared for his iirofessional career by thorough training in structural and gas engineering in the Ma.s.sai-husetts Institute of Technology, at Boston, iiis course lieing completed liy graduation with the class of 1898. He was afterward employed by several lai'ge engineering companies in the United States as a designer and constriK'tion engineer tlirough a period of about eight years and then, thinking that the growing western Canadian 236 THE STORY OF JIAXITOBA country oftVred a broad and profitable field. <.'aiiie to Winnipeg in 1905 and opened engineering offiees in this city. The first contract awarded him was the work of designing the large flour mill of the ilaple Leaf ililling Company at Kenora, fui-nisliing all the ]>lans and looking after the construction of the building liiniself. During the succeeding five years he was lai'gcly engaged in the erection of tlour mills throughout the west, at the same time entering the genci'al contracting field. Ai present his work is being carried on in most of the prairie cities of western Canada nntl olfices are maintained in Calgary, Edmonton and Saskatoon under the firm name of (Jcorge II. Archibald & Company. Limited, while the head ofKce is in the Union Bank building of \Vinnij)eg. The company does general consultation work for many large engi- neering pro.jects and nmintains a testing laboratory for cements and building compositions. Their jiatronage has increased year by year, for the excellence of their completed work has attested their ability and Mr. Archibald as a moving .spirit in the undertaking has become widely and favorably known in his professional capacity. In 1907, in Pittsbui'gh. Pennsylvania, he married I\Iiss Jane T. Kester, a native of Virginia, and they have two children, George Hughes and Kobert Livingston. Mr. Archibald is a member of the Jlasonie fraternity, having taken the degrees of the Scottish Rite, and he belongs also to the Manitoba Club and the St. Charles Country Club. His study of political questions and i.s-sues of the day has made him a con.servative but not a politician in the sense of office seeking. His j^rofessional duties have been continually growing in volume and imiiortance, and upon his work he concentrates his energies with gratifying result.s — both to the contractor and to those who award him contracts. JOSEPH CORNELL. Joseph Cornell, who for twelve years has been prominently identified witli the insurance interests of western Canada, was born in Norfolk, Ontario, on the 2Stli of November, 1862, and is a son of Owen and Mary Ann Cornell. The parents passed their latter days in Ontario, the father being buried in AVoodstock and the mother in Glanford. that province. The forefathers of both were T'nited Empire Loyalists. The early life of Josei)h Cornell was passed in his native province, his education being acquired in the public schools. At the age of thirteen years he terminated his student days and began his api)renticeship at the machinist's trade. Owing to a prolonged and severe illness, however, he was subsequently compelled to change his plans and later learned telegi'aphy. In 1880, he entered upon the duties of his first position as operator, being located on a statron on the northern branch of the Northwestern Railroad system, which has since been absorbed by the Grand Trunk lines. He was telegrapher and station agent on that road nntil 1884. when he came to Winnipeg and entered the employ of the Canadian Pacific Railroad Company. Foi' four years thereafter he was clerk in their freight department, but in 1888 he resigned this position and identified himself with the Noi'thern Pacific Railroad Company, with whom he remained nntil 1900. During that period he was stationed at various points in the capacity of both telegraph operator and agent. He withdrew from the employ of the latter company in order to assume the management of The Western Canadian Hail Insurance Coniiiany, which was later merged into The Central Canada Insurance Company. This change did not affect Mr. Cornell, however, who is still serving in tlie same capacity, with offices located in the Kelly block. In addition to his duties in this connection he is managing director of the Saskatchewan Insurance Com]iany of Regina, the Alberta-Canadian In.suranee Company of Edmonton, Alberta, and general manager of Insurance Agencies, THE STORY OF MANITOBA 237 Liiiiitod. 'I'lic hittiM- orgranization is controlled hy tlic three insurance com- panies and tliiHUiirh it tlitir field work is carried on. At Holy Trinity church, Winnipeg, on the 20th of April, 1887, Mr. Cornell was married to Miss Elizabeth Roberts, a daughter of pHhvard and Katherine Roberts, well known pioneer residents of that city. Of this marriage have been born five children, as follows: Kathleen Mary, a student at Hishop Strachairi School : and Frederick Charles. Helen Elizabeth, !)oi-othea Eleanor aiul Clai'a Marjoi-ie Choate. The four last named are all attending the local schools. The family home is located at No. (ilO \'ictoria aveiuic. where they have a very pleasant I'esiilence. The i)arents are members of the Church of England, and belong to St. Mathew's parish, Mr. Coriu'll being one of the vestrymen. Fraternally he is afliliated with the JMasonic order, being identified with the Scottish Rite, and he also belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He supports the conservative party in politics and has for si.\ years been a memtier of the school boai'd. In mattci-s of citizenship he is pulilic-spirited and takes an active interest in everything ])ertaining to the welfai'e or pi-ogress of the conumuiity. At the i)resent time he is serving on the boai'd of directors of the Brandon Winter Fair Association, and he is a member of the council of both the Board of Trade and the Connnercial liureau. His connection with ori;anizations of a more purely social nature is confined to his membei-shi]) in the IJrandon Club, the Commercial Club of Brandon, and the Assiniboia Club of Regina. Mr. Cornell is highly respected in the community as he is trustworthy and reliable in matters of business, while as a citizeii he is loyal to the best interests of the community and gives his support to every W(n'thy jiroject. W. OLIVER HAMH^TON. The practice of law is otfering a c()n1inu^dly l)roa(lcning field fo its followers; not that litigation is growing in extent but that with the growth of business affairs which are daily becoming more and more complex and involved it is necessary to have legal advice concerning courses to be pursued that one may understand the legal limitations of his activities. With otSces in the Somerset building. W. Oliver Ilaiiiilton is now engaged in general ])ractice. He was well (|nalilic(l by bi'oad literary as well as professional training for his chosen life woik, being a Bachelor of Arts gi'aulilic schools, the Collegiate Institute and the Normal School. Lafei- he cntei-cd the I'nivei-sity of .Manitoba, from which be was graduated in 1!)(12, winning the Bachelor of Arts degree. He afterward took \i]> the profession of teaching, ^\''hich he followed for five years, and on tlie expiration of that period he entered the otlice of Daly & Com|)an>. with whom he read law. For four and a half yeai's he was associated with that firm and then entered np(Ui prai'tice independently, with offices in the Somerset building. In December, IfUl. he roniied a i)ai'tnership with Hbenezer Bcvci-idge under the firm name of Beveridge it Hanulton ami they are now specializing in conveyancing and <'i>minercial 238 THE STOliV OF I\IA\1T0BA law. Mr. Haiuilton has ever been a thorough student of his profession. He ever prepares his cases with precision and care and the energy he displays in their conduct has been one of the eieuieuts of his success. In politics he is a liberal, in religious belief a Presbyterian. His salient ([ualities are such as commend him to the confidence and high regard of those with whom he has come in contact and he has an extensive circle of friends in Winnipeg. JOSEPH BERNHART. Hotel management, church work, assistance to i)liilanthroi)ie enterprises, these have all been factors in the life record of Joseph Bernhart. who is now living retired in "Winnipeg, his home being at Xo. 123 Matheson avenue. He was born in .Mommenheira, Alsace, on the 7th of September, 1853. His father, Antoine Bernhart, was a farmer of that place and also was soiiu'wliat active in tiic pulilic life of the community, serving as alderman. He mari-ied Gene- vieve Weckel and they became the parents of seven children, of whom .Inscpli, Antoine and one sister, Josephine, came to Canada. Joseph Bernhart, whose home was close to the Franco-German border, was educated in both French and German at Strassburg and there acciuired the qualifications of a chef, having had thorough training which made him an expert in this line. In 1873 he went to Quebec and became chef and steward at the Hotel St. Louis. He continued a resident of that city for eight years and in 1881 came to Winnipeg, leasing the European Hotel on Fort street. He changed the name to the St. Louis and conducted that hostelry for eigiiteen months, after which he returned to Quebec, where he remained for a few months. In 1883, however, he again sought the west and leased the Cosiiiopolitan Hotel, of Winnipeg, of which he was projirietor until 1901. Under his manage- ment it became one of the leading hostelries of the city and the excellent service which they rendered, always studying the wants and needs of their patrons, brought a large and profitable business. On his retirement in 1901, after conducting the Cosmopolitan for eighteen years, Joseph Bernhart, w-ith his wife and daughters. Alma and Veronica, went abroad, spending a number of months in European travel. He then returned to Winnipeg where he has since made his home. He has since been engaged in the lumlx'r business, owning extensive lumber tracts in Manitoba. He is, however, practically retired save for the supervision which he gives to his invested interests. His success has come to him as the direct and logical reward of hard work, inde- fatigable energj^ and capable management. He displayed much of the spirit of the pioneer, inasmuch as he introduced new and original methods in con- ducting his hotel and serving his guests. His hotel became one of wide popu- larity and constituted the basis of the prosperity which is his. Mr. Bernhart was married in St. Patrick's church in Quebec, January 3, 1882, to ]\Iiss Catherine Mary Hogan, a sister of Alderman ITogan, of Quebec, and they became the parents of eleven children, of whom four are living: Nina M., gi-aduate of St. Mary's Academy, who married September 11, 1907, in Winnipeg, William Percival Curran, by whom she has one child, Alexander Stephen, born December 26, 1909; Alma JM., also a graduate of St. Mary's Academy; Amy B., a gi-aduate of Outremont Convent; and Veronica S., who attends St. Mary's Academy. All have been provided with splendid educa- tional advantages and their home is adorned with many beautiful paintings and drawings, evidences of the daughters' skill in that direction. In 1904 Mr. Bernhart purchased his present attractive residence, formerly the Duncan McArtlmr home, and remodeled it, making it one of the beautiful houses of the city. In polities Mr. Bernhart is independent, having always voted for the most deserving man according to the dictates of his judgment, although his sym- .iiisi'.ni iii:i;\ii \i;r THE STORY OF ilANITOBA 241 j)ath.v is more or less with the conservative party. He is never neglectful of the duties of citizenship and seeks the puljlic welfare along practical and progressive lines, lie is today the oldest member of the Immaculate Concep- tion Catholic church and has always been most loyal to its teachings. lie is also a member of many benevolent societies and gives liberally to individual and organized charities, seeking at all times to ameliorate the hard conditions of life for the unfortunate, llis symjiathies are, indeed, broad and he is ever ready to extend a helping hand where aid is needed. DAWSON KERR ELLIOTT. The welfare and progress of a community does not depend so much upon the macliinery of government or upon the men who hold the public offices as upon those wlio control 1]u> veins and arteries of trade and traffic. The men wlio ai'c doing most to further the upbuilding and advancem(>nt of town and city are tliose who i>s1ablish and successfully control important industrial and commercial interests, in which connection Daw.son Kerr Elliott is worthy of UHU'e than passing iiolice. lie is at the head of the largest wtiolesale dry-goods house of the west, one departiuent of which is the manufacture of men's gar- ments, tents and awnings. From a humble clerkship ^Ir. Elliott has worked his way upward to his present position of commercial leadership. He was born in Pakenham, Ontario, July 11, 1853, his parents being John and ^Margaret (Kerr"! Elliott, the father a native of Perth, Lanark county, Canada, and the motiier of County Monaghan, Ireland. Both are now deceased. Their family inmibered eleven childi'en. all of whom yet survive. Dawson Ken- Elliott, who was the second in order of birth, completed his education as a high-school student in Pakenham and was a youth of about eighteen years when, in 1871, he secured a position in the retail dry-goods house of R. J. Whitla at Amprior, Ontario. On the completion of his appren- ticeship to the business he became a clerk with the firm and upon the removal of the house to Winnipeg in 1879 he also became a resident of this city and remained with the business. A retail store was estalilished on Main street, acro.ss from the present site of the customs house, and Mv. Elliott was active in |)laeing the Imsiness here upon a substMutial Iiasis and extemling its trade interests. Signal recognition of his faithfulness and cai)ability came to him in 18S1, when he was admitted to a partnershij-) under the tirm name of R. J. Whitla & Company. At that time the retail business was closed out and the newly organized firm concentrated their attention exclusively upon the whole- sale i)usiiTess. They erected a small three-story building on McDermott street and two years later built another business block on McDermott street, now occupied by the Winiupeg Telegram. They remained in the new building until ]8It;i, in winch year Ibe.v erected a portion of the block which they now occujiy. In 1904 an addition was built, giving double the space. I'pon the death of .Mr. Whitla in l!l(l.") Mi'. Elliott became tiie jjresident and princijud owner of tlie business, which under his guidance has steadily grown in volume and importance. In 1911 the denuinds of the trade led to the erection of another large addition, again doubling their capacity. The business now covers an entire city block. Although started as a small retail store, it has steadily developed until it is today the largest wholesale house in the west. They also have an extensive factory at the corner of Kate and McDermott streets, where they maunl'ai'ture men's garments, tents and awnings. They employ twenty- live traveling .salesmen, while the nuudier of their employes reaches over four hundred. The house has bi'come a standard in trade circles, initiating a busi- ness policy and business methods which have been pui'sueil by other firms, and its success is a direct and merited result of well fornu'd and carefully executed plans, Mr. Elliott, moreover, is a director of the Royal Bank of Canada, the 242 THE STOKY OF .MAMTOliA Xortlicrii Trusts roiupaiiy mikI vice ]iresi(leiit of tliu NortluTU jroi-tprap:e Com- pany, whili' at out' liiiiu lie was also presitieut of tlu- Wiuuijn'^ ]5oai-d ol' Trade. On till' 12th of .IiiiU', 1S7S. at Ariijjridr. Ontario. Mi-. IClliott was married to Jliss .Mary Aliee MeCreary, a daughter of James ^leCreary, a well kuowu resident of that plaee. They have become parents of eight children: IMabel, the wife of Frank ,Me^[urray, who is with Oldfield. Kirby & Gardner, of \Viiini- peg; James II.. a member of the firm of R. J. Whitla & Company; Edna, the wife of J. \i. Coyne, a barrister of Winnipeg; Dawson, who is also as.sociated with his father in business; Bessie and j\Iary. who have stiidietl abroad and are now at home: and Kayiuond and Jack. ;dso living at home, the foi-mer a student in Manitoba I'niversity. Holli Mr. and ^Irs. Elliott are members of the Broad- way Mi'thddist church, in which he is serving as trustee, while in the various departments of cliureh work they are actively and helpfully interested. In fact, he stands for progress along lines of material, intellectual and moral im- provement. He is a member of the board of governors of Wesley College and lioth he and his wife are deeply and helpfully interested in benevolent projects. Since its organization he has been a member of the board of his text-books at the age of fourteen years and entered his father's factory. In order to qualify himself for the duties of manager, he began in the lowest capacity and worked his way up through the various departments, thoroughly mastering the details of the business and becoming familiar with the dift'erent processes in the manufacture of harness. Although he was only twent.y years of age, in 1902 he was sent to Brandon to take charge of the business there. That he was fully adequate to the responsibilities of the position is evidenced by the capable manner in which he has directed the business of the firm at this point. He has manifested marked sagacity and foresight in his development of the plant, which is one of the most thriving enterprises of the city. Since he located here the company has erected THE STORY OF MANITOBA 243 a large warehouse and factory at Nos. If) to 23 Eleventh street, the latter liuildin^' lieing fifty-seven by a hundred and fifteen feet, three stories in height and basement. It now reciiiires the services of forty-five people to till the orders of tiieir sales department, and tlie names of new patrons are constantly being added to their books. Needless to .say the quality of their goods is exactly as represented in every respect, while their methods of conducting their business are such as to commend them to the confidence of those with whom they have transactions. At Hamilton. Ontario, on tlie Ttli of -hine, 1911, .Mr. Horbridge was united in mai'riage to .Miss Katliarine HeU'ii Wilson, a daughter of ^Ir. and .Mrs. Ai'chdale Wilson, the father having long lieeii identified witli the manufactur- ing interests of that city. ]Mi-. and ]\lrs. Horliridge arc residing at No. 610 Fifteenth street. In i)olitics J\lr. Hoi'bridge is a conservative. He is a member of the Bi-an- don dull and both lie and Mrs. Borbridge are affiliated with the Church of Enghmd. He is a most ambitious young man and is concentrating his every ert'ort upon the achievement of success, it l)eing liis desire to see The Borbi'idge Western, Limited, tlie largest enteri)i-isc of its kind in Canada. Both he and his father have invested quite heavily in real estate and have extensive prop- ertv interests in .Manitoba and Ontario. JOHN E. SMITH. .John K. Smitii, a leading ami liit;lily esteemed citi/jcn of Brandon, is one of the largest operators of farming properties in the province of Manitoba, now owning more than thirty sections of land. He is actively engaged in the oj)eration of six or seven sections Hnd icnts the remainder on shares. His birth occurred in Clark township. Diii'Ikmu <-ounty. Onfjirio, on the 12lb of duly. "[SV.). bis parents being R'ltherford and Mary i Kutberford) Smith, both of whom Were natives of Roxburgh. Scotland. In ]iS31 they took np their abode among the early settlers of Durham county, Ontario, aiul there the father i;irried on geiiei'al agricultural pursuits for a period of thirty years. In 18()1 he removed to Huron county aiul there spent the remainder of his life, devoting his time and energies to farming. John E. Smith olitained his education in the public schools of Huron county and at Hrovince of ^Manitoba. His birth ocoirrcd in the city of Aurora, near Toronto, Ontario, on the 5th of October, 1860, his parents beinir Janu^s W. and Rachel Boyd. The former, who was engaged in business as a trrocer at Owen Sound, Ontario, pa.ssed away in 1900 and was buried in the Protestant cemetery at that place. He was the father of three sons. His widow still survives and now makes her home at Griswold. ^lanitoba. Watson H. Boyd obtained his education at Owen Sound, Ontario, being graduated from the high school when a youth of eighteen. Subsequently he began learning the drug business at Owen Sound, spending four years as an apiireiitice. On the (^x])iration of thai period, in 1882, he came to Winnipeg and i>a.s,sed the first examination that was ever held in ^lanitoba by the Mani- toba Pharmaceutical Association. The next seven years he spent as a phar- macist at various places, and he also passed the examination before the state 248 Till-: STOKY OF .MAXITOiiA board of ^linnesota in the Cnited States. In ISSS he settled at Oriswold, •Manitoba, and enil)arked in tiie furniture business, condueting an establish- ment of that eliaraeter for about three years. At the end of that time, after l)eing appointed |)rovinciaI constable at (iriswold, he removed to Hrandon to enter into jiai-tnersbi]) with -lohn K. Foster in the conduct of the Manitoba Detective Agency, in which undertakiuir he met with gralifying success. He was ne.xt called to the Yukon i)y the Doiiunion government ami there acted as chief of the secret service department under J. U. Metiregor. Returning to Brandon, he joined the city police force in li)(t2 and three years later was appointed its chief, in which connection he has served continuously since, mak- ing a highly commendable record as an elKcient and ineorru[)tible otficial. On tile 28th of November, 1885, in Winnipeg, Mr. Boyd was united in marriage to Jliss Lizzie B. Kent, her father being Edward B. Kent, a pioneer merchant of that place. Unto them have been born three daughters and three .sons, as follows: Henry G., who is still undei' the parental i-oof; .lohn \V., an employe of the Canadian Pacific Railioad Company; CJiffoi-d K.. who is a resident of Prince Albert, Alberta; (Jrace, who is the wife of G. (i. Brunett, of Prince Albert, Alberta; Dorothea K., who is attending school; and Kathleen M. The family residence is at No. 15:56 Victoria avenue and was purchased by Jlr. Boyd. His fraternal relations are with the Knights of Pythias, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Ancient Order of Uiiitetl Work- men. He is an enter|)ri.sing and public-s[)irited man whose record as a jniblic olficial, as a business num and a private citizen has been so honorable that he has gained the confidence and good will ol' all with whom he has been brought in contact. F. W. R. COLCLEUGH. There can be no better proof of the success which F. W. R. Colcleugh has achieved as Indian agent in Selkirk than the fact that the name of "Walter" by which he is known to the Indians has come to be regarded among them as a .synonym for humanity, kindliness and a sense of brotherhood. Although ilr. Colcleugh 's appointment to his position is comiiaratively re<-ent, he has lived in Selkirk for over thirty-five yeai's and has during the time become well known in business circles as a thoroughly reliable, able and enteri)rising nuiu of unusual ability and high integrity. He was born in Ontario, a son of P^rederick William and Isabella (Nicliol) Colcleugh, natives of that province. The father studied law for a number of years but never was active in the practice of his profession, abandoning his studies in order to become connected with the general merchandise business, in which he was successful until 1902. He came to ^Manitoba at an early date and settled in Selkirk, where he became prominent in public atfairs. For several years he was mayor of the town and represented his constituency in the lower house of the I\Ianitoba legislature. He died in AYinnipeg. October 7, 1908. ]\Ir. and Mrs. Frederick William Colcleugh became the parents of seven children, four of whom are still living. One daughter, Ada M., was a Red Cross nurse with the American army during the Cuban war. She went to China dui'ing the Boxer rebellion, was in the Philippines and afterward worked in Panama, where she had charge of a hospital. On her return home from the latter country she was seized with an illness which caused her death, at New York city in January, 1906. ^Ir. Colcleugh of this review came to ^Manitoba in 1877 and settled in Sel- kirk, where he became connected with the Selkirk Fish Company anil the Northern Fish Company, serving both concerns for fifteen years as accountant. He abandoned this position, however, when he w-as appointed Indian agent, in order to give his entire attention to the duties of a position to the heavy THE STORY OF MANITOBA 249 respousibilities of which he is keenly alive. The Indians instinctively recognize his honesty and liis siiicci-ity of i)ur|)ose and repay it by al)solute coiifidenee, so that his work in thcii' interests is not hanii)ered by doul)t or luistrnst and is therefore donbly vahndde as a faetoi' in promoting' the welfare of his eliarges and peaceful relations between the Indians and the Dominion government. IIK.VRV PRICE liLACKWOOl). TIenry Price Hlackwood is actively connected with a ()rofession which has an inii)oi'taiil liearing upon the pi'ogress and stable prosperity of any section (11- connnunity. and one which has long liecn considei-cd as conserviu'^ the public welfare by furthering the ends of justice and nunntaining individual rights, lie is a niendier of the firm of Bernier, Blackwood & Hernier. barristers, and as such occupies a mo.st creditable place in legal circles in Winnipeg. He is one of Ireland's contributions to the cifizenshi]) of the new world, his birth having occurred in County Kerry, in 1878, a son of Francis Jaines Lindsay Blackwood. U. N., and his wife. ^Mrs. IMary Adeline (Glover) Blackwood. The Blackwood fauuly have been in the Bi'itish Navy for five generati(,ns, one Henry Bhickwood, connuanding the Eui'yalus at the battle of Trafalgar, and the Penei()])e at the cajiture of the (Jiullaume Tell, one of the French ships that escaped after the battle of the Nile; another sat in the last Irish house of jiarliament as nu'inber for County Down. Henry Price Blai-kwood acquired a liberal education in England, and in ]8f)7 crossed the Athuitic to Canada, going at once to Toronto, Ontario. Thei-e he took up the study of law in the office of Blake. Lash & Cassels. well known barristers of tiuit city, and, after a tlioi-ough training in the i)rincii)les of the law was adndtted to tiie Ontai'io bar. In ]'M)'-> he canu' to Winnipci; and here openeil an office for the practice of his ])rofession, being for a time emplo.\ed in a legal capacity by the Canadian Pacific Railroad, and later by Jlorice & O'Connor. In 11)08 lie formed a parlnershiji with Joseph and Noel Bernier, under the firm name of Bernier, Blackwood & Bernier, with offices at 401 Sf)merset building, and is now en.ioying a most lucrative practice. Ill ISils Ml. Blackwood was uiutetl in mari'iage to Miss Lillia M. Kirk, a d.iugliter of William Kirk, of Bracebridge, Muskoka. Ontjirio, who was one of the first wiiile men to venture into the Muskoka coiintr\'. I'nfo this union lia\c been liorii tiii'ce daugiiters. The family reside at 2tj() Harvard avenue, Winnipeg, and ai'c held in iiigii esteem by all who know tiiein. That Mr. Blackwood is meeting with success in his chosen life work is indicative of his eftii-iciicy and skill in that in-ofe.ssion. He possesses all of the requisite qualities of the able barrister — a keen, ra])id, logical mind plus the business sense, and a i-ead.v capacity for work — and added to this is a thorough gi'asp of the law and the aliilit.\' to correctly apply its principles. W. .1. .McCOMI!. W. .1. McCoiiib is Well known in business circlis of Brandon as a mcmbei' nf the linn of Campbell & JlcComb, I'eprescntativi's of the Standard Wire Fence ('ompan\'. Limited. The firm was established in l!ll)8 and has offices in the Hamilton Bank chambers. Jlr. ^IcComb came to the province of Mani- toba in 1887 and has therefore resided here for a (pnirter of a eentui-y. His birth occurred in Ped conntv. Ontario, mi the I'llh of Se|)tember. 1861. his jiarents being Ephraim and Jane McCoiiib. The fanuly is of Irish origin and was first repri'seiited in this country in 18:{0. Ephraim McComb was a native of Ontario and followed general agricultural pursuits throughout his entire 250 THE STORY OF :\rAXTTOr.A business career. Politically he was a conservative. His demise occurred in May, 1886, while his wile was called to her final rest in October, 1883. The remains of both were interred at Salem cemetery in Minto township, Welling- ton county, Ontario. W. J. McConib obtained his education in the public schools of Ontario and completed the course in the liijrh school at Harriston when twenty-two years of age. Subsequently he coiitinuod his studies in the Model school at Kin- cardine, Ontario. He assisted liis father in the work of the lionu' farm until twenty years of age but because of ill liealth abandoned the labors of the fields and went to school. After comi)le1iug his own education he taught school until twenty-five years of age, imparting clearly and readily to others the knowledge that he had acquired. In 1887 he came to ilanitoba on the Canadian Pacific Railroad with the first homeseekers' excursion. He followed the profession of teaching at Griswold for seven months, and then, believing that agricultural pursuits would be more to his liking, he purchased a farm of three luuidred and twenty acres in association with his brother, N. J. After improving the property they sold the same in 1908. receiving four times the price which they had paid. In 1905, however, Mr. McComb rented the place and became traveling salesman and collector for the Sylvester Manufacturing Company, remaining with that concern until 1908, when he became a member of the firm of Campbell & jMcComb and in this connection has since represented the Standard "Wire Fence Company. A man of excellent business ability rind keen discernment, he has won success in his undertakings and well deserves recognition as a substantial and representative citizen. He still owns eight hundred acres of land, all of which he leases. On the 28th of June, 1898, at Griswold. I\Ir. ^leConib was united in mar- riage to Miss Jennie Sutherland, a daughter of Robert Sutherland and a granddaughter of John Sutherland, who took a leading part in the coloniza- tion of Selkirk. Mr. and Mrs. MeComb reside at No. 1027 Louise avenue. The former is a liberal in politics and fraternally is a Royal Arch Mason, while his religious faith is that of the ^lethodist church. He was elected alderman by acclamation in October, 1912, and in Januai'y, 1913, was elected by the council to the position of chairman of the licensed police and relief depart- ment. His life in its various phases has been an honorable and upright one, bringing him not onh- a fair measure of success but also the respect and trust of his fellowmen. SAMUEL CODE. Samuel Code, whose enei-gies have been successfully concentrated upon the development of the Dauphin Milling & Creamery Company for the past ten years, is one of the prosperous business men of Dauphin, Manitoba. He is a native of the province of Ontario, having been born at Listowel on the 22d of August, 1860, and a son of Samuel and Mary (Richie) Code. The father, whose energies were largel.v devoted to agricultural pursuits, was one of the pioneer farmers of Elma township, of which the mother was the first bride. He was an enterprising business man and later became prominently identified with the lumber interests of that section, where he built the first water power mill. He took an interest in all things affecting the progress or development of the community, giving his political support to the liberal party. His death occurred in 1895 at the age of seventy years and he was laid to rest in the cemetery at Elma, Ontario, Avhere the mother, who passed away in 1880, is also buried. The family is of Irish extraction. The boyhood and youth of Samuel Code were passed in his native province, his education being obtained in the public schools of Trowbridge. At the age of nineteen years he left school and went to Listowel, where for four years he THE STORY OF .MANITOBA 251 served an apprenticeship at the miller's trade, receiving in the beginning eight cents a day and his board. Upon completing his period of service he started out as a journej-mau and for several years thereafter took charge of mills at various points in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec. Feeling that he was qualified to successfully operate a plant of his own, he later located at Merrick- ville, Ontario, wlicre he rented a mill wliich he operated until it was destroyed bj' tire. Soon tlicreafter he accepted a jtosition as head miller for the Arrow Milling Company at Birtle, Manitoba, whence he came to Dauphin three years later. He lociitcd here in 1900. and the same year he and his partners built the flour mill he now owns and later he extended the scope of his activities by forming a stock company in order to build and operate a creamery. This later failed and was then bought outright by Mr. Code. The business has developed to such an extent under his mauagcmeut that it has been necessary to double the original capacity of the mill, and the output of the creamery has also been greatly increased. He has a five hundred-foot property and has a store in course of construction, where he intends to handle general merchandise. This, in conjunction with the mill and creamery, will make his one of the most important enterprises in this part of the province. lie employs the most modern methods and consequently has prospered in his business and has extended his interests into other fields of activity, acquiring farm property since he located here, while he also owns sevsral pieces of city projierty, including the residence which he built. Mr. Code was married at Arnprior, Ontario, on May 15, 1886, to Miss Mary E. Willis, a daughter of ilr. and ]\Irs. "William Willis, pioneer farming people of that district. Of this marriage have been born three children: Kathleen G., who graduated in piano and elocution from Whitby College; W^illiam Willis, who is a student of the civil engineering department of the Toronto University ; and Evelyn, who is attending the local schools. Mrs. Code is a woman of education and culture, who takes an active and helpful interest in all movements which will t£nd to ameliorate the conditions of the less fortunate, and has for the past two years been president of the Ladies Hospital Aid Society. The family are consistent members of the Methodist church and Mr. Code is serving on the board of trustees. He is also a member of the hospital board, and fi-aternally is affiliated with the Indei)eudent Order of Odd Fellows. Although he takes an active interest in political affairs, he has not always accorded his support to any one party, but votes for the man he deems best ([ualilicd for the office. He has not figured prominently in local politics, but has been a member of the school board and gave very efficient service as presi- dent of that body. JOSEPH H. W^VLDRON. Joseph H. Waldron has, since ^Inrch, 1911, boon successfully engaged in business at Brandon as the proprietor of the Waldron Cigar Company at No. 636 Rossor avenue. Ho came to the province of Manitoba in 1906. His birth occurred at Brantford. Ontario, on the 14th of November, 1S82. his parents being Henry and Mathilda Waldron. The family is of Irish origin. Henry Waldron is a machinist in the employ of the Massey, Ilarri.son Manufacturing Company, in the service of which concern he has remained for the past thirty- five years. His wife died at the age of forty years and was buried in the Greenwood cemetery at Brantford, Ontario. Joseph II. Waldron attended the public .schools of Brantford until four- teen years old and liicn hccaine a nickel woi-kcr at the Buck Stove Foundry. Subsequently he became connected with the printing business and later served an apprenticeship of three years in the ■•igar manufacturing establishment of 252 THE STORY OF I\IAN1 1'OI'.A T. J. Fair & Company of Brantford. In the latter line of business he has been engaged, with two interruptions, to the present time. Starting out upon an independent eareer. he eonciuctcd a eigar iiunnifaeturing concern at Portage la Prairie for tiiirteen months l)ut on the expii-ation of tiiat period disposed ot his interests and ciimc to Brandon. Ilei'e he s])t'iit a year in tlie service of the lone (_'iuar ^Manufacturing Cumpany and then became a reporter for the Brandon Times, acting in tiuit capacity for eigiitecn months. Sul)se(piently he bought tlie business of the Urewett Fish & Poultry Company and conducted the enterprise successfully for three years. At the end of that time he pur- chased the concern of which he is now the proprietor, beginning business on a small scale and with the a.ssistance of but one man. Today he requires the services of three employes and his trade is botii large and profitable. In con- nection with his manufacturing interests he does vacuum liousc cleaning, and in both branches of his l)usiness has won success. On the :5d of May. 190,i. at Brantford. Ontario. :\lr. \VaIdron was united in marriage to Jliss Enuneline Rice, her father being James ^I. B. Rice, a blacksmith of Brantford. Our sul)ject and his wife have tliree children, namely: Otto Charles Joseph, Eric George H. and Patricia May. The family residence, which Mr. Waldron erected, is at No. 841 Eleventh street. He l)elongs to the Orange Society of British America, the Order of Owls, the Publicity Bureau, the Board of Trade and the Boosters Club of Brandon, and is a devoted mem- ber of the Presbyterian church. He has already made a creditable record in business circles for one of his years, and his many friends predict for him a briaht future. NEIL CAMPBELL. Neil Campliell is a self-nuule man w!io has largelv devoted his attention to farming and dairying but now rents most of his land while making his home on the East Kildonan road, where he has long resided. He was born in East Kildonan in 1847, a son of Neil Campbell, who was born in 1824 and came from Scotland in 1841. as a representative of the Hudson's Bay Company. For a few years he was employed by that company as a di'iver of doaser, and she was born February 18, 1848, a daughter of John and Jane (Matheson) Fraser, of whom mention is made in connection with the sketch of James ■ ■■ ■ ■ H 1 ^^^E^ ^^^H 1 1 HJK J -.-'^ " '^^^^wTSlv ' ' j^^^^^H 1 k ,^^' ji^l ^1 Ife";... .. 'isi ^H M:II, tAMl'BKIJ. THE .STORY OF MANITOBA 255 Fiasf'i- oil anotlu'f [)agc of this work. Of the eight children born of this mar- riage five are yet livin};: Ann, who married A. JIatheson; Jane, the wife of George O. Taylor, by whom she has one child, Mary Campbell ; Mary Janet, who became the wife of J. B. Henderson ; John Fletcher, a barrister by profes- sion ; and Arnold JIunroe. By her marriage to Hugh Sutherland, Jlrs. Camp- bell had one dautrlitc-r. Christy Kllen, who became the wife of Donald McLeod and died in 1!)07. li-aviiiK two i-liildrcn. Jean Roberta and Donald Campbell. The house Mr. ('ampbeg, having .iurisdiction over the territory from Fort William and Port Arthur on the east to Calgary and Edmonton on the west. Through the ensuing years he was engaged in fstalilishing the telephone bu.sintss throughout the Canadian west which at that time became very active. In Wiiinipfi: aiont- where the telephone had throusfh the past twenty-five years flttaim-d a giowth of only two thousaml sub,«cribers. the business increased within the next nint- years or up to 1!I12 until the subsi-ribers' li.st numbered twenty-two thousand. Afti-r the pun-ha.se in PtOS of the Bell Telephone Com- panies' System by the Manitoba Government, Mr. Paterson was largely instru- mental in carrying out an active policy of extending the telephone .service to the farmers of Manitoba and his laltors in that direction were so effective that at present one-fourth of all the telephones in the province are in the homes of 256 THE STORY OP MANITOBA farmers. His work in this conueetiou caniiot be overestimated. The telephone has for rural communities practically annihilated time and distance, at the same time proving of inestimable value as a factor in the business interests of the city. After completing twenty-five years' service in telephone work Mr. Paterson retired from that field of labor in tiie latter part of 1912. Mr. Paterson was married in Brandon. ^Manitoba, to Miss Margaret Frances Cameron and they are the parents of four children. The family residence is at the corner of Kiver avenue and Nassau street in Port Rouge. ^Ir. Paterson has not identified himself actively with politics but is a member of the ilanitoba Club and of the Augustine Presbyterian church. lie has lived in ^lanitoba for forty years, coming to this city as a child in the year of its incorporation, so that today he enjoj's the unique distinction of having, although yet young in years, witnessed the birth and closely followed the gi-owth of what is now a great metropolitan center. His business activity has expanded with the development of the province and all acknowledge that his labors have been an important factor therein. Difficulties and obstacles have seemed no bar to his progress in the accomplishment of what he has undertaken but have rather served as a stimulus for renewed effort. With marked ability to jilau and per- form he has labored consistently for the growth of the business which he rep- resented and at the same time through his activity gained for himself a name and place of distinction as a leading business mqn of the province. WALTER M. BORBRIDGE. One of the most able, straightforward, and progressive young business men of Brandon is Walter M. Borbridge, manufacturers' agent, with warehouse and office in the Hanbury block. He was born in Ottawa, January 23, 1880. and is a son of Thomas and Elizabeth Borbridge, the former a pioneer clothing merchant in that city. The paternal grandfather founded the family in Canada, coming to this country from Ireland at an early date and settling in St. Johns, Quebec. He located with his family in Ottawa in 1820 and during his period of residence in that city was closely connected with business interests. The father of our subject came to Brandon in order to manage the business con- ducted by S. & H. Borbridge. and was active in this capacity until his death in 1908. He is buried in the family burial ground at Ottawa and is survived by his widow and three children, namely: Thomas .James, a partner in the Calgary Saddlery Company, and acting manager of the concern ; Edward W., director of the Hugh Carson Company, Limited; and Walter M.. of this review. Walter M. Borbridge received his education in Ottawa and left the public schools of that city at the age of foiirfeen in order to take a course in a business college. When he had completed his education he came to Brandon and became connected with the firm of S. & H. Borbridge. which was later developed into the Borbridge Western, Limited. He remained in this capacity from 1897 to 1902. resigning in the latter year in order to a.ssume the management of the firm of Lamontague, Limited, which position he held until he started for him- self as a general manufacturers' agent. He is also closely identified with the affairs of the Hugh (.'arson Company, Limited, at Ottawa, of which he is a director and manager of the Brandon branch. He has been ever loyal to the interests of his clients and in all of his private and business transactions has proved hon- orable and upright. By constant indiistry, hard work, and perseverance, he has won for himself a prominent place in bu.siness circles of the city. On January 24. 1901. Mr. Borbridge married in Brandon. Miss Nettie Ben- nett Eames. a daughter of P. T. and IMattie Eames. the former a pioneer mer- chant of I^randon. who is living retired in Los Angeles, California. ^Ir. and Mi-s. Borbridge have two children : Jack ilatheson and Doris Carlisle. The family are members of the Church of England. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 257 Mr. Tlnrliridgp is a member of the I'rniidoii ('hib and belongs to the United Commercial Travelers. The position wliieh he occupies in business circles of Brandon as a successful manufacturers' agent, is an important one for a young man, and the ability and resourcefulness with which he manages his affairs is a favorable indication of greater prominence and prosperity in the years to come. GEORGE H. HARRIS. George H. Harris, accountant for the Manitoba Engines, Limited, and one of the most reliable and trustworthy men in his line of work in Brandon, was born in Allenford, Ontario, January 7, 1870, a son of James and Eliza Harris. His father was one of the pioneer farmers of Ontario and cultivated the soil in that province until his death, which occurred May 14, 1907, when he was almost si.xty-nine years of age. Mr. and Jlrs. James Harris became the parents of five children besides the subject of this review: William D. ; Charles J.; John W. : Eliza A., the wife of William ilcBride; and Esther H., who married Alexander McBride. In the acquirement of an education George H. Harris attended the public schools of Allenford and later entered the Northern Business College of Owen Sound, wliich institution he left at the age of twenty years. During this time he spent his vacations working upon his father's farm and acquired in this way a good practical knowledge of agricultural methods. When he was twenty- two years of age, however, he left Ontario and came to Brandon as bookkeeper for the firm of Mcllvride & Lane, who conducted a transfer business and dealt in all kinds of fuel. He spent one year in this position and then worked in a similar cajiacity for Ilanbury and ^IcNea. lumber mei'chants. He was next connected with the firm of Sinclair & Company, fuel and grain merchants, but after a short time resigned that position in order to become bookkeeper for the Hughes-Atkinson Comp;my, also engaged in the lumber business. This concern later operated under the name of Hughes & Company and Mr. Harris contin- ued his identification with it until he resigned as assistant manager. He had held this office for fifteen years and when he abandoned it took up a home.stead claim of one hundred and sixty acres at Fairlight. Sa.skatchewan. His father also took up a claim and their united holdings at this time amounted to three hundred and twenty acres. To this our subject later added one hundred and sixty acres, wliic-li he acquireon the ])lace. In 1912 he won the first prize given by the Stonewall Agricultural Society for standing grain, which fact stands as testimony of his thorough methods, and the gratifying residts he obtains. On the 6th of November, 1S89. ^Ir. Good married Miss IVFar.v Alice Storey, anil they became the parents of the following children; Jane E.. who died in infancy; John William. Melville Rotiert. Henry David. Alberta Isabella, who died young: Gertrude May and Edwarionicrs in agricultural and business growth in this i)art of jManitoba, having come to the province in 1879. Since that time he has seen the section grow rich and prosperous and to the extent of his ability and opportunities has aided in the evolution. He w'as born in Guelph. Wellington county, Ontario, a son of John W. and Jane Selvvay (Elton) Berry, the former a pioneer farmei- in that section, who developed a fertile and productive farm out of the busii. He later moved to Bruce county. Ontario, and died in that section. He and his wife are buried near Walkertown. The family is of Irish origin and was founded in Canada by the fathei- of our subject, who came to this country as steward to a gentleman. John ('. Berry was educated in the j)ul)lic scho<3ls of .Mildmay, Bruce county, and was graduated from the high school at the age of eighteen. For six years afterward he was connected with the woolen manufacturing business and when he abandoned this came to Manitoba, going by rail to St. Boniface by way of the Fnited States and crossed the Red river at the ferry. He was an enthu- siast on the subject of the coming value of Manitoba lands and his future suc- cess as a farmer and land dealer has i)roven the con-ectness of his eai'ly judg- ment, (ioing farther west in the province, he took up a homestead claim near the village of Douglas and the Canadian Pacific Railroad and operated and developed it for three years. The early part of this time was filled with the hardships incident to pioneer life. He and the other settlers were entirely dependent ui)on the sale of their farm i)roduce and the dilificulty of getting their goods to mai'ket made their living precarious. Again and again ^Ir. Berry was obliged to walk to Winnipeg, whei-e after a hai'd and ai'duous jour- ney he was often unable to sell his i>rodue(> and was obliged to return on foot. Dni'ing the fii'st winter he was compelled to stay in \Vin!n])eg antl made the journey back to his farm the following summer, drivinir an ox team. The ani- mals had to be led through the bush, one man at their heads wiiile anotiier drove the cart. Eventually, however, Mr, Berry got his land broken and under cultivation. At the end of three years he opened a general merchandise stoi-e at Douglas in partnership with a Mr, Greenwood, still i-etaining his farm. The business was operated under the luune of Berry & Oreenwood and the association eontiinied for twelve years, during wbicli time Mr, Beri-y divided his attention between the conduct of ins store and the oi)eration of the home- stead. (Iradnally this was brought to a high state of cultivation, imi>rovements were made anil more land added until finally he owned a nine hundred and sixty acre farm entirely conducted by hired help. In Ullfl he retired from active life but is still intei-ested in a L'l-owing real-estate business and in many 268 THE STORY OF JMANITOBA public movements aiul ciitiTiirises wliieh have for their object the advance- ment and development of Brandon county. In Pinkerton, Ontario. February 21, 1877, Mr. Berry was united in mar- riage to Miss Jennetta ilutrie, a daughter of Mr. and Jlrs. James ilutrie, the former a pioneer farmer of Ontario. Both have passed away and are buried at Pickering. Mr. and ilrs. Berry have one son, Rohuid Elton, who is a drug- gist and a fancy goods merciiant at Vernon. British Columl)ia. ^Ir. and Mrs. Berry live in a beautiful modern home in the city and are well and favorably known throughout Brandon county. Mr. Berry gives his allegiance to the liberal party, and is a member of the Presbyterian church. He is a charter member of the local Masonic order and treasurer of Tweed lodge. He stands as a representative of the best type of Canadian pioneer. By perseverance, determination and honorable effort he has overcome the obstacles which barred his path to success and has readied the goal of prosperity, while his genuine personal worth, broad mind and definite attainments have made his influence lasting and beneficial. GEORGE A. NICHOLSON. George A. Nicholson, who for five years has been senior assistant in the Dominion Lands & Crown Timber Agency, is one of the pioneers of Dauphin, of which he has been a resident for twenty-three .years. His birth occurred in Carlisle. England, on December 30, 1878. his parents being John and Mar- garette Nicholson. In 1889, the father emigrated to America with his family and subsecjuently filed on a homestead in the vicinity of Dauphin, which, with the assistance of his sons, he l)rought to a high state of productivity. He engaged in farming until 1906, when he was appointed custom's officer, con- tinuing to discharge his duties in this connection until his death in 1910, at the age of seventy years. He is liuried in the Dauphin cemetery, while the mother is still living in Dauphin, ^Manitoba. They were the parents of twelve children, as follows: H. P.. whose biography appears in this work; James B., of the firm of Newton & Nicholson of "Winnipeg; George A.; Sidney 0., a bag- gageman ; Dr. John R. "W., who is connected with the RIedical College at Winni- peg; Amy, who married Fred Eagle, a farmer of Gilbert Plains; Frederick v., who is operating the old homestead ; JMargai-et K., the wife of the Rev. F. W. Westwood, a ]\Iethodist minister at "Wilcox, Saskatchewan ; Thomas A., Hepworth C. and Frank E.. who are on the home farm; and Stanley A., who is attending Collegiate Institute at Dauphin. The education of George A. Nicholson was accjuired in his native land where he passed the first eleven years of his life. After coming to JIanitolia he assisted his father and brothers with the operation of the home farm until 1900. In the latter year he filed on a homestead and began farming on his own account. His land was covered with a heavy growth of timber, from which he cut the logs for his house and barn. He spent three years on this place and during that time managed to clear and place under cultivation thirty acres of his holdings. In 1904. he removed to Dauphin and entered the real- estate office of his brother. II. P. Nicholson, in whose employ he remained for three years. He then resigned his position and immediately thereafter entered the Dominion Land Office, where he is giving efficient service. In Dauphin on the 16th of April. 1900, Mr. Nicholson was married to Miss Jessie Eagle, a daughter of John "W. Eagle, a pioneer farmer of Gilbert Plains, ilanitoba. Of this marriage have been born four daughters and one son, as follows: Dorothy, Bernice, Florence, Gwendolyn and Robert A., all of whom are attending school. Mr. Nicholson is a member of the executive board of the Methodist church, in which his wife also holds membership, and is one of the directors and gov- TPIE STORY OP MANITOBA 269 ernors of the Dauphin Geueral Hospital. Fraternally he is affiliated with the ]\Iasonic order, having taken the degrees of the blue lodge; the Independent Order of Odd Fellows; and Knights of Pythias. He is a past chancellor of the latter organization and has also been financial secretary of the local lodge. I'oliticall.y, Mr. Nicholson does not support eitlier party, but casts liig I)allot for such men as he di'cms best (jualified for the offices. A man of good business principles and iiigh slantlards of eitizenshij). who is always ready to support every worthy enterprise, he is held in favoralile regard by his large circle of acquaintances, many of whom are close friends of long years standing. HARRY G. FLETCHER. Harry G. Fletcher, who engages in general contracting and building with offices at his residence, No. 419 Tenth street, is a native of County Kent, Eng- land. Ilis liirtli occurred in the village of Erith on the 2Gth of July, 1872, his i)arents being Janies and Alice FJetciier. Tlie father, who was a miller b}' trade, passed away in 1902, and is buried in Bi-ockley, London, England. In the acciuirement of his education Harry G. Fletcher attended school in England until he was a lad of thirteen and a half years. He was a pupil teacher during the succeeding six months and at the expiration of that time he accepted a position as clerk in a pawnbroker's .shop. Subsequently be was apprenticed as a siiipwright, which trade he contiinied to follow upon the expiration of his period of service until he came to America. He has been engaged in business in Brandon for the past eiglit years, and has met with a good measure of suc- cess in the pursuit of his undertaking. His specialty is the erection of resi- dences in which he excels, having the happy faculty of building a house which meets all of the practical requirements of the average family in moderate circumstances, and yet is constructed with an appreciation of architectural values and in keeping with the requirements of good taste. Since locating here he has acquired property in different residence portions of the citj' which lie has improved for rent and sale, realizing profitable returns thereon. At St. Stephen's church, London, England, on the 4th of August, 1S95, Mr. Fletcher was united in marriage to j\Iiss Elizabeth Pickering, a daughter of ]\rr. and Mrs. Henry Pickering of Deptford, London. Of this marriage have been born four chiklren : Dorris, Harry G., Jr., Frank and George, all of whom are attending school. Jh'. and Mrs. Fletcher belong to the Methodist Episcopal church, and frater- nally he is a member of the Loyal Order of Moose. Politically he is independ- ent, supporting the candidates he considers to be best adajited to meet the requirements of the office. He is a man of diligent purpose and employs well organized nietliods and such success as is coming to him is the merited reward of earnest effort. JAMES E. CRANE. James E. Crane, who founded tlie fii-m of J. E. Crane & Son with offices located at Tenth street and Lome avenue, where they have been successfully engaged in business since 1900, was liorn in Brant county, Ontario, on the 25th of Ajiril, 185"). He is a son of John S. and ]\Iary E. Crane, both of whom are deceased, the former having passed away in 1S9S, and I he latter in 1900, and are liuried in the cemetery at Melita, Manitoba. The father was a mail carrier during the greater part of his active life and supported the liberal party in politics. 270 TIIK STORY (IF :\IA\1T()HA The t'diK-ation of James E. Crane was obtained in the puhlie schools of I'aris, Ontario, whieh he attended until lie was a youtii of fifteen years. He then began to qualify himself for the liusiness lie is now engaged in by learning the painter's and decorator's trade, whieii for some years he followed as a journeyman. In the spring of 1880, he came to the province of ^Manitoba, his arrival here antedating the founding of the city of Brandon. Soon after locat- ing here he took up a liomestead which lie improved, and later lie a.ssisted in promoting the development of Wiiuiipeg and Hrandon by building and selling liouses. Three years after his ai'rival he settled in Rai)id City, where he estab- lished a business which he succe.ssfully iiromoted until he came to Hrandon in lyUO. In the development of his interests here he has met with unusual suc- cess, and is the owner of the largest exclusive painting and decorating con- cern in the city. Mr. Crane has been married twice. His first union was with ]Miss Theresa Tusky, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Ilai'tlres Tusky, their marriag<' being cele- brated at Paris, Ontario. She passed away in 1900, leaving a family of nine children. At Rapid City in liKl.S, Jlr. Crane was married to Miss Agnes Laid- law, of Brandon, and to them have been born three children. In order of Ijirth his family is as follows: Percy, who is a farmer in Saskatchewan; Alice, the wife of George Rising, a butcher at Ragenour, Alberta; Alfreil J., who is en- gaged in business with his father: Henry, who is a clerk in a clothing store; Fred, who is a decorator and builder at Winnipeg; Charles, a painter in the employ of his father; Winnifred, a graduate of Brandon City College; Bert and Harvey, students at the Collegiate Institute; and Kathleen, Jean and Marie. The family home is located at No. ;52.3 Third .street, where IMr. Crane has erected a very comfortable residence. lie is also the owner of three other residence properties in the city. The family are members of the ^lethodist E]>iscopal church, and in politics ^Ir. Crane is a conservative. He is a man of much energy and enterprise and in his business has met with the prosperity which usually rewards zealous effort when intelligently concentrated upon the achievement of a single purpose. HECTOR FREDERICK MACDONALD. During the yeai-s of his residence in Winnipeg, Hector Frederick .Macdonald, now deceased, was engaged in general contracting and is well remembered by the residents of this city of a quarter of a century ago. He was born in Nova Scotia in 1857 and pursued his education in its public schools. He was a young man of twenty-three years when in 1880 he came to Winnipeg, where he engaged in the contracting business along general lines. For nine years he remained here as a general contractor and then removed to the state of Washington, spending a few years in similar work in Seattle. He was for seven years in business in Victoria and three years in Vancouver, British Columbia, remaining in the general contracting business in all of these j)laces until the condition of his health caused him to retire from active work of that character and accept the office of fruit inspector in British Columbia. He afterward took some contracts at Crows Nest, where his death occurred May 4, 1898, when he was but forty-one years of age. ]Mr. ^lacdonald was married in Winnipeg, December 28. 1881, to Miss Flora ilcLean, the ceremony being performed by Rev. Pitblado in St. Andrew's church, and they were the first coujile to be married by him in that church. She is a daughter of Hector ]\IcLean, who was born in Scotland and during his childhood days became a resident of Cornville, Ontario, wiiere the family home was established. Mrs. ^laedonald's mother lived to the ad- vanced age of eighty-three years and hers was a noble Christian life, fraught with good deeds and kindly purposes. To ^Ir. and Mrs. Macdonald were born HECTOR r. MAClXiX Al.lt THE STORY OF MANITOBA 273 six eliildren: Jeniiett Christie, now Mm. Liviagstou, of Regiiia ; Jlaiiiiic, at home; John Angns, of Snperior; Grace Bell, now Mrs. Robinson, who has two sons, Howard Francis and Edward Charles; Edward Neil, a medical student: and Roy (Jorchni. ^Ir. Alacddiiald was devoted to iiis t'aiiiil.w counting no personal sacrifice on his part too great if it wovdd promote tiie welfai'c and enhance the happiness of his wife and children. He held iiiend)ershi() with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and his nuisical talent was used for the benefit of the church, as he sang in the choir of the Presbyterian church. He was public-spirited and was always interested in all that was good and noble, pure and true. He left the priceless hei'itage of an untarnished name to his descendants and the memory of his upright life is cherished by tliose who knew him. In the year of her husband's death Mrs. Macdonald returned to .Manitoba, living for a time on a farm at Peli'cl, during which period her attention was largely given to the education of her childi'cn. There she remained until seven yeai's ago, when she retni'iied to Wininpeg, where she antl her liusi)and had been nuirried and spent the first years of a happy domestic life. Those who knew Jlr. ilacdonald say of him : "He was a gootl man in every way." And what higher tribute could be paid any individual ? He never neglected a duty, forgot a pi-omise or failed to meet an otiligation and he was ever ready to extend a helping hand to a fellow traveler on life's journey. D, C. T[I0:\I1'S0N. D. C. Thompson has since 11)0") been successfully engaged in l>usiness at Brandon as the propi'ietor of the Empire Fish Comi)any at No. 6.17 Tenth street. He has lived in the province of Manitol)a for about three decades and was formerly engaged in general agricultural pursuits here, still owning exten- sive tracts of farm land. His birth occurred in Downey, Perth county, Ontario, on tile '2()th of October, 1870, his parents being John and Elizabeth (Muir) Thompson. The fathei-. who was one of the pioneer farmers of Ontario, i)assed away in Novendiei-. 1800, and was bnritil at Avon Bank cemetery in Perth county, leaving a widow and ten ciiildrcn to nioui'n his loss. Mrs. Thompson now makes her home at Valentyne, Ontario. D. C. Thompson attended district school No. 7 of his native county until thirteen years of age and snbsetpiently worked at farming for his father and lirothei'-in-law. devoting five yeai's to the work of the fields before coming to Manitoba. Here he rented a f;ii-m with pasture and operated the same for four yeai's. On the ex|)ii'atioii of tiiat jx-i'iod hi' bought ;i farm of one hun- dred and sixty acres and later extended its boundaries by an additional pur- cha.se of one hundred and sixty acres. Subsei|uently he bought another tract of three hundred and twenty acres, so that his hohlings embraced altogether six hundred and forty acres of land at Riverside. Manitoba. He made many im- provements on the property and met with gratifying success in his undertakings as a farmer and stock-raiser. In litO") he put aside the active work of the fields, leased his p!'()])erty and took up his abode in Bi'andon, whei-e he has since been engaged in business as the (iroprietor of the Empire Fish Company. In this coiuieetion he has also won success and is widely recognized as a substantial ami repnsentative business man of the city. He erected two residences in Brandon and likewisi' owns three hnmli'cd anil twenty acres of farm land at Oak River. The farm of six lumdred and forty acres at Riverside is also still in his pos- session. On the 22d of June. 18!)(). in Riverside. Manitoba. .Mr. Thomi>son was united in marriage to Miss Flort>nce Reekie, her father beinir William Reekie, who was a pioneer agriculturist of that phn-e. To our subject and his wife have been born six cliildi'cn, two of whom. Elizabeth and John, are deceased and 274 THE STORY OF .MANITOBA are buried in a cemetery at Riverside. Tlie surviving eliildreii are as follows: David W., who is attending Hie Alexandra school : Florence ]M. ; Eileen B. ; and Frederick G. The family residence is at No. 622 Tenth street. In his political views Mr. Thomjison is independent, supporting men and measures rather than party. Fraternally he is identified with the Masons, the Independent Order of Foresters, the Chosen Friends of Canada and the Owls. He likewise belongs to the Brandon Club and is a devoted mendjer of the Pres- byterian church. A man of exemplary linbils. of high principles and of upriglit conduct, wherever he is known he eoiiuiuuids the good-will and trust of those with whom he is associated. MICHAEL J. RODNEY. Michael J. Rodney, who for tlie past six years has held the office of manager of the International Harvester Company of Canada, Limited, for the Winni- peg territory, with offices located at No. 782 ilain street, was born in Wiscon- sin in 1864:. He is a son of Matthew and Mary (Leigh) Rodney, the father one of the pioneers of Wisconsin, where he removed from the state of New York. The early years in the life of Michael J. Rodney were passed in his native state, his education being accjuired in the public schools. At the age of about twenty years he began Ins business career, as an employe of Barnwell, Cobb & Stewart, who were engaged in the farming implement business in Iowa, In 1890, he became identified with the McCormick Harvester Company, traveling in their interests throughout the western states. Eight years later he was appointed their manager at Marshalltown, Iowa, but at the end of a year he was transferred to Fort Dodge, Iowa, being retained in the same capacity. In 1902, this company with several others united to form the International Har- vester Company, This amalganuitiou did not aft'ect the interests of ilr. Rodney, however, who continued to have charge of their interests at Fort Dodge until 1906, In the latter year he was promoted to the position of manager of the Winnipeg branch, which he now holds. His territory comprises practically the entire province of Manitoba and that of Ontario west of Fort William and Port Arthur. In the discharge of his duties he has proven to be very efficient and capable, and is promoting the interests of the company in this territory in a highl}' satisfactory manner, their sales having increased over three hun- dred per cent since he assumed charge of the local office six years ago. ^Ir. Rodney was married at Sumner, Iowa, in 1887, to Miss Minnie J. Ryan, and to them have been born four children, three sons and a daughter : William C, Leigh M,, Paul J. and Frances M. The family reside at No. 116 Slierbrooke street, Mr, Rodney is a member of the Adanac Club of Winnipeg, During the period of his residence in the city he has become widely known in business circles, where he has made many stanch friends, as he is a man of genial nature and pleasing personality. CHARLES E. WILLIAMS. Charles E. Williams, a barrister of Winnipeg his native city, was born August S. 1886, and although a young man has attained a reputation which many an older practitioner before the bar might well envy. His parents were John and Katherine (Nicol) Williams, natives of Ontario, and of United Empire Loyalist descent. During the Revolutionary war the family, then residents of New- York, remained loyal to the crown and upon coming to Canada were pre- THE STORY OF MANITOBA 275 sentod with a claim to a tract of land which they located adjoining the city of Hrockford, Ontario. That property is still in the family. In 1881 John Williams came to Winnipeg where he engaged in the implement business but later turned his attention to tiro insurance. lie is now living retired in this city. C. E. AVilliams, educated in the pul)lic schools and the Collegiate Institute of Winnipeg, also spent two years in the ^Manitoba College and later entered McOill Cniversity at .Montreal, of which he was an honor graduate with the class of 1908, winning the Bachelor of Arts degree. During his school and college days he took a very active part in athletics and won the junior champion- ship in college sports at the Collegiate Institute. He was also scholarship man at Jlanitoba College which is indicative of the fact that his intense interest in athletics was never allowed to interfere with the real purpose of his collegiate work. He displayed marked skill in both hockey and football and played on the college teams. Following his gi-aduation on the completion of liis more specifically literary course Mr. Williams entered the Law Society of JIanitoba, Ilis j)rcliminary reading was pui'sucd in the offices of Campbell. Pitblado ifc Company and he was called to the bar on the 12th of June, 1911. Inunediately he engaged in practice with offices in the Bank of Nova Scotia building, where he is still located. He specializes in eori)oratian and investment law and is counsel for a number of large corporations. He is also financially interested in develop- ment companies operating along the new Ilud.son Bay route and he is the seci-clai'y and one of the directors of The Fort Clnii'ciiill Company. Limited, and al.so a holder of city real estate. Mr. Williams was married in St. Paul. .Minnesota, in June, 1911. He belongs to the Presbyterian church. A lifelong i-esideut, he has a wide acquaintance in the leading social as well as professional circles of Manitoba and that his career has at all times been worthy of commendation is indicated by the fact that many of his stanehest friends are among those who have known him from his boyhood to the i)resent. A. IT. STEWART MURRAY, :\I. A., LL. B. Since 19(14 A. II. Stewart ]\lurr;iy has eng;iged in law piMctice in Wiiniipeg and is now senior partner in the firm of Muriay. Robertson & Coyne. With the rapid growth and change in business conditions conunercial law has forged to the front as one of the most important departments of legal practice and it is to that field that ilr. ^Murray is directing his efforts. He was born at Stud- holm. Kings county. New Bi-unswick, in Febr\iary. 1878, and is a son of Dr. Charles and Kli/,idieth fMacKenziei Murray, both of whom were natives of the same country, where the mother is still living, although the father has passed away. Their family ineJiKies the following: Widtei- ('., who is principal of the I'niversity of Saskatchewan; Lewis K., a lu-acticing jthysician of Sussex, New Brunswick; Iledley S., inspector of the Royal Bank of Canada; A. H. Stewart; Lucy C. the wife of W. P. Ker, Briti.sh consul at Pekin ; Laura E., the wife of ilajor 0. S. Kinear, of Sussex. New Brunswick ; and Mabel E., the w'ife of Andrew Forsythe. manager of the P.anlc of Nova Scotia, at Cliatham, New Brunswick. A. II. S. Murray was a i)Ui)il in the high sciiool at Halifax and afterward entered Dalhousie I'niversity. from which he was trraduated with the Bachelor of Arts did able work on the Selkirk city council, has been justice of the peace anil has held several other minor oflices. lie belongs to the Orangemen and has served as a director in the St. Andrews Agricidtural Society. Mr. I'eel is in jio.s-session of two medals granted him by the Crown for services in the Fenian raid of 1866 and the Red River expedition of 1870. He also holds a medal as honorary member of His JLajcsty's Army and Navy and Colonial Forces Veterans Association. He holds a diploma and was awarded a gohl medal as one of the exhibitors of Canadian fruit products at the Paris Universal Exhibition in 1900 and in 1901 received a 296 TIIK STORY OF .MANITOBA coiniiiciuorative diploma Iroin the (llasgow International Exhibition for a similar display. During the lorty-two years he has lived iu this part of ^Manitoba he has gained widespread respeet and esteem by reason of the industry, integrity and enterprising spirit which have influenced every phase of his activity. The retirement he is now enjoying is well deserved, for it has been earned by long, useful and i)erscvering work in the past. J. IT. CATTLEY. J. II. Cattley is the head of the Cattley Loans & Finance Company, Limited, coutlucting a general loan and finance business and developing much sub- division property. He deserves great credit for what he has accomplished, for his success is the outcome of earnest, intelligently directed effort, based upon a recognition and utilization of opi)ortunity. He was born in St. Petersburg, Russia, iu 1873, and was educated in private schools of England. The great wide world opened as a field before him from which he might choose a place of residence and a line of activity. He turned first to Ceylon and there engaged in business as a tea planter. He remained on that island from 1803 until 1899 and then returned to Russia, where he became interested in the steamship business. In 1903 he came to Winnipeg and in 1906 entered the Winnipeg Oil Company as an employe. His ability and worth, however, soon won recognition and he was made secretary of the company, serving in that capacity for two years. He then severed active connection therewith but is still one of its directors. The present business under the firm name of the Cattley Loans & Finance Company, Limited, was chartered in the fall of 1910 and in February, 1911, opened offices at their present location in the Phoenix block. They con- duct a general loan and finance business and make a specialty of handling sub- division properties which they own. In this way they are doing nuich to promote the growth and improvement of the city and the result of their labors is widely felt. In Winnipeg, in 1909, jMr. Cattley was united in marriage to Miss Flora Donkin, and they have one son, Thomas. In politics Mr. Cattley is a consei'va- tive, well equipped for activity along political lines by reason of his thorough understanding of the questions of the day. He is not an office seeker, however, preferring to concentrate his energies upon his business affairs. His interests beyond the field of })usiness are represented iu his membership iu the Winnipeg Golf Club and the Church of England. GEORGE W. BANNERMAN. For nine years George W. Bannerman has figured in real-estate circles in Winnipeg and his progress has lirought him into prominent connection with this line of activity. He was born in Winnipeg in 1864 a son of Sanuiel and IMargaret (Omaudj Bannerman. The former, too, was a native of the Red River district, being a son of Donald Bannerman, who, when a .voung lad, accompanied his parents to ]\Iauitoba in 1812 with the first party of Lord Selkirk settlers. It was a courageous and heroic baud of men and women who penetrated into the western wilderness at a period when the difficulties of travel made this section of the country a matter of a journey of months from their former homes in Scotland. The great-grandparents of our subject and later the grandfather, Donald Bannerman, took active and helpful part in shaping the earlier history of the province in the effort to reclaim a wild region for the purpose of civilization. In time Samuel Bannerman took up the work which had been begun by his ancestors in 1812. He was born in THE STORY OF MANITOBA 297 KildoiiMii in 1836 and became a farmer and cattle dealer in St. Paul's parish, where he carried ou business until 1869. He then removed to Poplar Point and was identified with farming interests, becoming: owner of twelve hundred acres of agricultui'al land whieli is still in tiie possession of the family. In 1912 the forty-fourth crop was raised thereon without a single failure and the productiveness of the soil and the cai'c bestowed u|)on it was intlicated by the large yield. During the Kit-l rebellion Sanuiel Hannermau had sheltered a party, among which were Thomas Scott, JMajor (afterward Senator) Boltou, M. Cummings and Charley JIair. He also broke through the lines and took Mrs. Mair to Portage la Prairie to join her hu.sband, whom with the others previously mentioned, Mr. Bannerman had conducted to that place. Samuel Bannerman had in early manhood wedded Mai'garet Omaud, whose father had come to ]\lanitol)a in 1845. Six yeai's lat(!r his family joined him and tlie family home was established on lot 45 in St. Janu'S, where the parents of 'Sirs. Bannerman lived until called to their final rest. Her father died in 1902 when about ninety-two years of age and the mother passed away when more than eighty years of age. The death of Sanniel Banneraum occurred in 1890 when he was fifty-four years of age and his wife survived for fourteen years, her death occurring in September, 1904. George W. Bannerman was educated in the common schools and in the ' Commercial College of "Winnipeg, and when not busy with his text-books worked upon the home farm, giving his attention to agricultural pursuits until 1886. He was twenty-two years of age when he left home and turned his attention to the fire and life insurance business in the interest of which he traveled througliout the western country in Manitoba and Saskatchewan. In that con- nection he gradually worked his way upward and during the la.st few years was inspector of agencies. In 1904, however, he retired from the insurance business and opened a real-estate office in Winnipeg, since which time he has handled not only city property but improved farm land, and large tracts of unimproved lands in JManitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta. He maintains offices at 420 Union Trust Company building. His long connection with the business and his thorough mastery thereof have enabled him to speak with authority concerning real-estate matters and he has gained a clientage of exten- sive pro|iortions. He was interested in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and at one time served as noble grand of his lodge. Init has retired from active connection with the fraternity. He is well known in this district, where all of his life has been passed and where he has so directed his energies and his interests as to win the warm regard of all with whom he has come in contact. PETER LA:\I0\T. Peter Lamont luis for three years been a mendier of the firm of ]\IcKinnon & Lamont, dealers in coal, wood, fuel, flour aiul feed, witii offices located on Princess street, Brandon. Formerly his entire attention was concentrated upon the developnu'iit of his agricultural interests i!i this vicinity, and he .still owns and oi)eratrs a valuable ranch of eight hinulred aci'es. A luitive of Ontario, his birth occurred in Bruce county on the 15th of August. 1870. He is a son of Hugh and Cliristina Lamont, who removed with their family from Ontario to Manitoba in 18S1. Here the father, who was a firmer, continued his agri- cultural pursuits until his death, which occurred in Toronto in 1888. He was buried at Brandon Hills, in the vicinity of which is located the farm he had cultivated witli tireless energy for seven years. The mother is still living. To Mr. and IMrs. Lamont were born nine children in the following order: Mar- garet, the wife of W. Courtice. a fanner lo<'ated near Brandon; John, who has passed away and is buried at Brandon Hills; Peter, our .subject; Neil, a piano dealer at Fernie, British Columl)ia: Daniel, who is engaged in farming at 298 TIIK STUHY OF MANITOBA Minto; ]Mary, who ivsidus at liraiuloii ; Annie, a nurse located in the vicinity of Vanciiuvei-, Jiritish Coluinhia; Archibald, who is fanning at Jlinto, Mani- toba; and Jane, deceased, who is buried at Urandon Hills. The education of Peter Lamont was begun in his native province and con- tinued in the schools of Brandon Hills, which he attended until he was a youth of .sixteen years. He then laid aside his text-books and began assisting his mother with the cultivation of the home fai'ni. In 1892, he purchased three hundred and twenty acres of land and began farming on his own account, his efforts in this dirci'tion meeting with a good measure of success. Despite the fact that lie was only twenty-two j'ears of age, he managed his alVairs in a highly creditable manner, making as extensive improvements as possible in his property from year to year. He erected a good residence, substantial barns and outbuildings and brought the fields to a high state of productivity, making his one of the most valuable ranches in the vicinity. In 1906, he sold his place to good advantage and invested the proceeds in eight hundred acres of land, which he is still cultivating. Three years ago Mr. Lamont purchased a resi- dence at 418 Eighth street and removed with his family to Brandon, where he has ever since been engaged in business. At Brandon Hills on the 29th of July, 1896, Mr. Lamont was united in marriage to Miss Christina Rice a daughter of Hugh Rice, one of the pioneer farmers of ]\Lanitoba. Two daughters have been born to Mr. and Jlrs. Lamont, Susan Rankin and Edith Alexandria, both of whom are attending Central school. The parents are members of the Baptist church and the political allegiance of Mr. Lamont is accorded to the liberal party. He is a man of practical ideas and clear judgment and in the development of his interests applies himself to the achievement of his purpose with the concentrated effort which brings success. PROFESSOR J. T. CRESSEY. The man who more than any other contributes by his labors to the progress of the world and makes life more worth living is the educator of the young, and there cannot be taken enough care to prepare our teachers for their pro- fessional duties. The Ruthenian Training School of Brandon takes a con- spicuous place among institutions of this kind, where teachers are trained for the profession, and from its portals many a worthy man and woman has been sent forth to the various schools in ilanitoba to guide our children along the right path and send them on life's work well prepared. The Ruthenian Training School was established in Brandon in April. 1905, and its influence today is felt in many communities of the province and indirectly has been of lasting Iienefit to thousands of pupils who have been instructed by teachers of this institution. Professor J. T. Cressey has been the principal of this school since its foundation and has ever since been the able executive of its staff. His labors have been crowned with gratifying success and today he stands forth as one of the eminent educators in the province and a man of whom his adopted city may well be proud. He was born in Crofton, near Wakefield, England, January 28, 1859, and is a son of Thomas and Emma (Corbridge) Cressey, both of whom died in the mother country and found their last resting place at Crofton. J. T. Cressey received his early education in the public schools of his native land and was then aiii)renticed as a pupil teacher at the age of thirteen and remained under contract in that capacity for five years. Thereafter he became assistant master of St. JIathew's Boys' School at Leicester, England, and held this position for one year. At the end of the year he entered York Diocese Training College and there followed his studies for two years, graduating at .1, T. CK'KSSKV THE STORY OF MANITOBA 301 the end of tli;il lime as the third in point of credit. He then accepted the j)Osition of liead master of St. Luke's iioy.s' School and for several years after that wa.s assistant master of the Charnwood Street Board School at Leicester, England. He is tiie holder of the iiighest possible certificate to be oljtained at the time he left England. His desire to see the world led him to the Dominion and he arrived in Brandon in July, 1888. LTntil Christmas of that year he engaged in farm labor and was so engaged west of Brandon. On submittance of his English papers he was granted a second class professional teacher's certificate and then taught school for two years in the province of Manitoba. At Christmas, 1890, he crossed the border to the United Slates, and, arriving in Chicago, remained in tliat eily for three years in the sign writing business, returning at that time to Manitoba, where he has been con- nected with the teacher's profession ever since. Soon after his return from the United States he passed successfully tiie examination for a first-class certificate, so that he is now the holder of a certificate of that kind. Since 1905 he has acted in the important position of principal of the Ruthenian Training School and his efforts in raising the standards of this institution have been in every way successful. Professor Cressey was married, in Winnipeg, Jlanitoba, on October 27, 1898, to ^liss Jennie Draper, a ilaugliter of Professor and Mrs. Charles Draper. Two sons and one daughter wei-e born to Mr. anil Mrs. Cressey, Ansel Draper, James Arthur and Jean Evelyn. The family home is at No. 245 Fifth street and there Professor and Mrs. Cressey often entertain congenial friends. Professor Cressey is associate grand master of the Orange Order of Mani- toba and also a trustee of the Sons of England Benefit Society. His professed religion is with the Church of England and he is one of the vestrymen of St. Mary's church and one of the three delegates to attend the synod meetings. He has found in this country a field of labor in which he has been extremely useful, and the city of Brandon and [H'ovince of Manitoba are better for his life work. Wherever known he is highly honored and esteemed and his friends express themselves in the very highest terms regarding his ability and attain- ments. C. HENRI ROYAL. C. Henri Royal, a Winnipeg bai'rister whose comprehensive knowledge of the law and ability to accurately apply its principles have led to his continuous progress since he wa.s called to the Manitoba bar in 1891, has practiced alone almost ((jntinuously dui-ing the intervening years, so that iiis advancement has been tlie direct and logical result of his iiniate talents and acquired skill. He was boi-n in Montreal, Quebec, August ;il. 1867, a son of the Hon. Joseph Royal, I'x-lieutcnant govci-iior ol' tiie Nortii West Territories. He came to Manitoba in 1S70 and Uicated at Fort Carry. He was a prominent solicitor and newspaper man of Quebec for many j^ears and was the founder of several of the .iournals of tiuit city. He was also official translator of the court pro- ceedings of both up])er and lower Canada. Upon coming here he continued active in the legal profession and in 1888 he was made lieutenant governor of the North West Territories, which position he occupied most creditably until 189.'{. lie tiicn rctui'Mcd to Quebec, where he made his home until his death in 1904. C. Henri Royal, brought to .Manitoba when but three years of age, com- pleted his more specifically literary education in St. Boniface College, from which he was gi'aduated in 1888. Innnediately afterward he took up the study of law in the otliee of Ewart. Fisher & Wilson and in 1891 he was called to the bar of .Manitoba, entering upon active practice in the spring of 1802 in partner- ship with Frank Mulvey. Tiiis relation existed until tiie death of Mr. ^hilvey 302 THE STORY OF :\rAXITORA in 1894, siuce which time JMr. Royal has praetifed aloue, couceiitrating his efforts u]ion his professional duties. His loyaltj- to the interests of his clients is proverbial and his careful preparation of his eases has been one of the strong elements in his success. In connection witli liis practice he has for tiie past year been engageil in revising the by-laws of llic city of St. Boniface. Jlr. Royal is a liberal and has always taken a very active part in politics in both Winnipeg and St. Ijoniface. He was mayor of the latter in 190-1 and from lfMi2 until UKl5 inclusive, was president of the school board. The lirst school in Norwood was built in 1904. flavor Royal being largely instrumental in put- ting thi'ough that important public measure. He is a member of the Winnipeg Historical Society, the St. Boniface Historical Society, the Knights of Columbus and St. Boniface church. On the 21st of June, 1897, in Winnipeg, ^Ir. Royal was married to ^Miss Emma Gelley, a daughter of J. E. Gelley, a prominent contractor of Wiiniipeg in the early days and the builder of the parliament buildings, ilr. and ^Mrs. Royal have a family of nine children, of whom eight are living. They are well known socially in both Winnipeg and SI. Boniface, having a circle of friends almost coextensive with the circle of their acquaintance. Viewed from the standpoint of eitizenshij) and of j>rofessional activity, j\Ir. Royal has made a most excellent record, serving the interests of the public with the same tidelity which he manifests in his relations to his clients. ALEXANDER C. McRAE. Alexander C. McRae, one of the representative business men of Winnipeg, is the oldest vehicle dealer in the city, having come here in 1887 and opened its tirst carriage top and trinnning sho]i just across the corner from his present location. His birth occurred at Ottawa. Ontario, in March, 1862, his parents being Alexander and Ann Jane (Conley) ^McRae, who were likewise natives of that province. The father, who was for many years engaged in general agricultural pursuits near Ottawa, now resides in Winnipeg. The mother, however, is deceased, her demise occurring in the fall of 1911. Alexander C. ilcRae obtained his education in the Ottawa district and in early manhood learned the trade of carriage trimming at Broekville, Ontario, there following that occupation for several years. In October, 1887, he came to Winnipeg and, as above stated, opened the first carriage top and trimming shop in the city at the corner of King and James streets. At the end of three years, in 1890, he embarked in the vehicle business and moved across the corner to his pre.'-ent location. In 1895 he purchased the site and ten years later erected the five-story building in which he now carries on his business. In 1909 he added a line of automobiles to his stock and in 1912 closed out the carriage department, now handling only the Mitchell and National oars and the Waverly electric. He estalilished an enviable reputation as a dealer in vehicles and has met with gratifying success in the handling of motor cars. The first piece of property which he purchased in Winnipeg, at No. 407 William avenue, was chosen by him as a suitable lot for a residence. In 1912 he erected a large garage on that site. Having been in Inisiness here foi' a rpiarter of a century he is the oldest vehicle dealer in Winnipeg. A fact of which he is justly proud, and which in itself is ample evidence of his straightforward and reliaiile business dealings, is that he still retains all of his old customers who are yet living. On the 17th of September, 1889, at Gananocpie, Ontario, Mr. ^IcRae was united in marriage to Miss Maude Boyce, of that place. They have three children: Stella, Claude and Marguerite, all at home. Politically Mr. McRae is a liberal but not an active politician. For the past six years he has been a director of the Winnipeg Industrial Exhiliition THE STORY OF :\rAXTTOBA 303 Board and for four years acted as chairiiiau of the speed committee. Fra- ternally he is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, while his religious faith is indicated by his membership in St. Andrews Presbyterian church, whicii he joined twenty-six years ago. While his business interests make extensive demands iipou his time and have gained him a large mca.sure of prosperity, he has never been neglectful of his duties to his fellowmen nor to his city, and public spirit and a recognition of individual responsibility have gained and retained for him the regard and esteem of those with wliom he has been associated. REV. DANIEL S. HAMILTON. Among the men whose lives and activities have been forces in the spread of religion in Canada, whose high ideals and liberal views have influenced the trend of doctrinal thought and whose effective charities have aided and uplifted the poor and the needy, is numbered Rev. Daniel S. Hamilton, a minister of the Congregational church in Wiiniipeg. Since 1804 he has worked in various parts of Ontario anil Manitotia, giving his time to the promotion and ui)building of im|i()itant movfiiiciits of a religious, sociological and educational nature, and it is hard to estimate the importance of the work he has done along these lines. He was lioi-ii at l-'orcst. Ontario, and is a son of David and Elizatieth ( ;\IcPher- son) Hamilton. His education was received in the pulilic schools of his native town and under a private tutor, his early studies being supplemented by a course in ^yicGill University from which he was graduated in 1892 with the degi'ee of B. A. He immediately began his theological studies at the Congrega- tional College, gi-aduating with high honors in 1894. He applied himself assiduously to his studies, bringing to them his power of original thinking, his fine previous education and his ability to really study and absorb knowledge and lie lceg. lie also belongs to the Brandon Chili and tiie Brandon Connnereial Clnb. In his jiolitieal and bnsiness interests and in his personal life ^Ir. Whitehead lias demonstrated his possession of those (pialities of integrity, honor, and pro- gressive aliility, wiiich are faetors in sneeess and they liave placed him in a prominent jiosition in Brandon as a man and a citizen. JOHN E. BESCOBY. John Iv Beseoby, who is condiicting a tlourishing livery liiisines,s in Stone- wall, was born in England. January 24, 1S80, and is a son of George John and Mary (Bernard) Beseoby. natives of that country. In England the father of our subject was a captain in the admiralty service but resigned his position when he came to Canada in 1889. He settled in the Rockwood municipality in ilanitoba and was here joined by his family in the following year. Determin- ing to engage in farming, he bought five hundred and sixty acres of land and developed and improved it along practical, modern lines until his death, July 18, 1904. Ilis wife surviveil him until 1909. They had nine children: Leona, who lives in England; Frank, of Gull Lake, Saskatchewan: John E., of this review ; Bernard, of Emerson, ^Manitoba ; Ernest, who resides in Vancouver, British Columbia ; Felix, who is operating the homestead ; Hendrick, who also resides upon the home farm ; Ellen, deceased ; and Leo, of Brandon, ^Manitoba. John E. Beseoby was educated in the public schools of the Koekwood munici- pality and he remained on the home farm until 1908. In that year he came to Stonewall and purchased the livery business which he has since conducted. He has a fine patronage, which is constantly increasing as his honorable and straight- forward methods become more widely known, and he is already numbered among the progressive and enterprising business men of the community. He owns also a farm of two hundred and forty acres in the district but is not active in its cultivation. On ]\Iarch 20, 1911, Mr. Beseoby married Miss Josie Fraser, a native of Scotland and a daughter of John and Ann Fraser, residents of that country. Mrs. Beseoby is one of a family of five children, the others being: Nellie; Maggie; James; and Arthur, who was killed in the South African war. Mr. Beseoby has numerous fraternal affiliations, being a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the ^Modern AVoodmen of America and the Canadian Order of Foresters. His political allegiance is given to the conservative party and he has served as councilor of Stonewall, discharging his duties ably and conscientiously. While still a young man, he has already made his intiuence felt upon the business life of the section and his ability and progressive spirit will undoubtedly earr>- him forward to cjuick prosperity. I. WALTER MARTIN. I. Walter ]\Iartin.* president of the Gunuy. Tilden Company at Winnipeg, has throughout the entire period of his active connection with business inter- ests made steady advancement and his progress is the direct outcome of his ability and indefatigable industry. He has never depended upon outside aid or influence to assist him but has built upon the sure foundation of enterprise, determination and perseverance, thus coming into important relation with extensive commercial interests. He was born in Princeton, Ontario, April 26, 1863, and is a son of Abraham and Sarah (Burkholder) Martii^. The Martin • Since writing the aliove ilr. IMartin died very suddenly in C'liicago, Jlay 10, 1913 his remains being brought back to Winnipeg for interment. 1. W . MAiniN THE STORY OF MANITOBA 313 family was establislied in the state of New York in colonial days and, being United Empire loyalists, tliey were among the first families to settle in eastern Ontario. Tlie father was for years a successful merchant of Hamilton but is now deceased. The mother still resides there at the age of seventy-eight and is remarkably well preserved for one of her years. The Burkholder family were early settlers in Pennsylvania and like the Martins, were I'nited Empire loyalists and migrated to Ontario in the early history of the province. In the public schools of Hamilton I. Walter Martin pursued his education to the age of fifteen, when he started out in the business world on his own account, securing the position of office boy with E. & C. Gurney & Company, proprietors of a stove foundry at Hamilton. His trustworthiness and efficiency won him gradual promotion and he remained in that ofifice for five years, dur- ing which period he became largel.y familiar witli the different phases of the business. He was then transferred to Winnipeg as accountant for the branch office in this city and in 190U he \vas promoted to the position of vice president and general manager. Ten years later he was elected president and general manager, controlling all the western interests of the house. Thus through inter- mediate positions he worked his way upward until he stands at the head of a large business, bending his energies to administrative direction and executive control. He attacks everything that he undertakes with conta^ous enthusiasm and has never feared that close application which must always precede the attainment of success. In 1900 the firm of Tilden. Gurney & Company, Limited, was formed, and as such the business was conducted until 1910. At the reor- ganization of the business in 1910, the Tilden, Gurney & Company. Limited, was absorbed by a iicwly formed compiiiiy. The Hamilton Stove i.^: Heater Com- pany, the latter acquiring all the interests, east and west, in the Dominion. As a subsidiary company, and for the handling of the western business, the Gurney, Tilden Company was formed, with headquarters in Winnipeg and I. W^. Martin as president and manager. The business is now one of mam- moth proportions. The foundry is located at Hamilton and branch ware- houses and general distributing offices are maintained at various other points. Mr. Martin was the main factor in bringing about the formation of the new corporation of The Hamilton Stove & IL-atiT ('omi)auy, in which he is a director, and which has resulted in a vast improvement over the old methods of conducting the business. The product consists of the world-famous brand of Souvenir stoves and ranges, furnaces, steam and hot water boilers and in fact of all kinds of modern heating appliances, together with a complete line of builder's hardware. The enterprise was established by E. and C. Gurney in 1856 and since that time the products of the house have been continuously upon the market, the high quality having been maintained throughout all the intervening years. The output is now distributed from Halifax to British Columbia and the trade is increasing annually. It was in ISHS that ^Ir. .Martin was married to Miss Carrie Burridge, a daughter of James liurridge. a well known resident of Winnipeg, now living retired. Unto tiiis union were born two sons, namely: James Wesley, attend- ing the model school of tliis city; and Isaac Walter, Jr. Both Mr. and Mrs. Martin hold membership in the Broadway IMethodist church, in which he has been a trustee for many yeare, while Mi's. Martin has also been very active in the church and in missionary work. She is likewise one of the officers and most active workers in tlie Aiiti-Tiilierculosis Society of Winnipeg, while Mr. Martin is doing etiicieiit work along various lines founded upon iiumanitarian and religious priiii'ii)lcs. He is eliairman of the executive of the Boys' Club of Winnipeg and has given liberally thereto for years of both time and money. He is a generous contributor to all kinds of charitable work and for several years was vice president of the Young Men's Christian Association, in the work of which he is still interested, while to its support he is a generous donor. He votes with tlie conservative party. His fraternal relations arc with the I'riiice Rupert's Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and the independent Order of Odd Fel- 314 • THE STORY OF MANITOBA lows, while in more strictly soeial lines he is eoiineeted with the ^Fanitoha, Adanac and Travelers Cluhs. He is today prominent as a man whose con- stantly expanding jjowers have taken hiiu from liuinl)le surroundinus in the bnsiness world to a field of large interests and continuously broadening oppor- tunities. He has brought to bear in all his undertakings a clear understanding that readily solves complex problems and unites into a harmonious wiiole seemingly unrelated and often diverse interests. His strict integrity, bnsiness conservatism and sound judgment have always been so uniformly recognized that he has enjoyed public eontidence in an enviable degree and naturally this has brougiit him such a lucrative patronage that through times of general pro.s- perity and general adversity alike he has witnessed a steady growth in his business. AY. J. ABBEY "W. J. Abbey, who has been acting as agent for the JIanitoba Free Press since 1907. was born at Caledonia. Ontario, February 11, 1S78, a son of John and Mary Abbey, the former one of the pioneer farmers in Ontario. The mother of our subject passed away in 1881 and is Iniried in Caledonia. Coming from his native province to jManitolia. he engaged in general agri- cultural pursuits until 1901. Abandoning farming at the end of that time, he worked in the Brandon Flour I\Iills. His ambition, however, would not allow him to remain content in this field and in order to better his condition he spent his evenings in a business college, fitting himself for his present posi- tion, which he accepted in 1907 and which he has since held with credit and ability. On November 1.3, 1902. Mr. Abbey was united in marriage in Brandon to Miss Julia Baker, a daughter of James and Julia Baker, lioth of whom have passed away and are buried at Brandon Hills. Mr. and ]\Irs. Abbey have two sons, Clifford L. and Nelson G.. Iioth attending s<'liool. The family are mem- bers of the ^lethodist church and reside at No. 741 Thirteenth street. Fraternally Mr. Abbey belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellow^s, the Knights of the Maccabees and the Canadian Order of Foresters. He is a liberal in his political view's but not active as an office seeker, preferring to give his entire time to the discharge of his business duties, which are conducted along modern lines, making him one of the deservedly successful men of Brandon. HERBERT P. H. GALLOWAY, M. D., CM. Dr. Herbert P. H. Galloway, a prominen^^ representative of the medical fraternit.v in "Winnipeg, has followed his profession in that city for the past eight years and has won i-enown as a specialist in orthopedic surgery. His birth occurred in Hawkesville. Ontario, on the 20th of July, 1866, his parents being William and Mary S. (Howell) Galloway, the former a native of York- shire. England, and the latter of Jerse.v^•ille. Ontario. The Howells are de- scended from United Empire Lo.valists who settled in Pennsylvania at a very early day. William Galloway passed away in 1904 but is survived by his widow, ■who resides with her son Herbert and still retains her faculties and enjoys good health at the age of eighty-six years. Herbert P. H. Gallowa.v obtained his early education in the public schools of Ontario and later received private instruction in the university studies. Believing that the life of a physician would prove congenial to him, he entered the Toronto School of Medicine and in 1887 received the degree of M. D., C. M., THE STORY OF MANITOBA 315 from Victoria University. Subsequently he spent nine years in general prac- tice at Toronto and then pursued post-graduiite work with the intention of making an exclusive specialty of ortliopcdie surgery. Since that time liis efforts have been confined to that Ijranch of professional service. During the first nine years of his special practice he was associiitcd with Dr. 15. E. McKenzie, of Toronto, and it was through their combined efforts thai tiie Toronto Ortho- pedic Hospital was established. In August, ItKJ.l, Dr. Galloway came to Win- nipeg and here he has remained continuously since, having gained an enviable reputation for skill and ability in the line of his specialty. Since 1906 he has been lecturer on orthopedic surgery at Manitoba College and since 1907 has been oi'thopedic surgeon to the Wiiniipcg (icneral Hospital. lie was chosen president of the Winiui)eg Medico-Chirurgical Society for 1911-12 and presi- dent of the ^laiutoba Jledical Association in liHO-ll. In 1S!)9 he was elected a member of the American Orthopedic Associjilion. On the 29tli of August, 1.SM9, in Toi'onto, Ontario, Di-. Galloway was united in nuirriage to ]\Iiss Charlotte Elsie Sanderson, her father lieing Dr, G. W. Sanderson, a doctor of the old school, whose active career was spent in Orillia, Ontario. Unto Dr. and Mrs. Galloway have ])een born three children, as fol- lows: a son who died in infancy; Glatlys Muriel and Ivadele Frances. In politics Dr. Galloway is independent. He belongs to the Canadian Club and is a valued member of the Broadway Jletliodist church, having been the first superintriident of its SMbbath school, an office wliich he held for four years. His sterling manhood as well as his j)rofe.ssional attainments command for him the respect and honor of those with whom he has been associated. CHARLES B. STEEN. One of the foremost representatives of the industrial interests of Dauphin is Charles B. Steen. of the firm of Hafenbrack & Steen, sash and door manu- facturers, who has been identified with the fmilding interests of the town in various capacities for five years. lie whs born in Streetsville. Ontario, on the 8th of October, 187-1, and is a son of "William and Anne CMiller) Steen. The father, who was one of the jnoneer farmers of Ontario, passed away in May, 1912, at the age of seventy-nine years and ten months, and was buried at Streetsville, where the mother still resides. This worthy couple reared a family of eight children, all of whom are in comfortable circumstances and are lead- ing lives of usefulness. They are of English extraction, but in the paternal line have been residents of Canada for several generations, the ])afernal grand- father, Ephraim Steen, having been one of the active participators in the Fenian raid. There was nothing to distingnisii flic enrly life of Charles R. Sleen from that of the average counti-y lad of Ontario at that period. He attended the public schools of Streetsville in the acquirement of an education until he was a youth of sixteen, and when not occupied with his studies devoted his time largely to helping his father about the farm. "When he left school he started out to niake his own way in the world, following the occupation of a farm hand. In the yeai- 1894 he arrived in IManitoba, haviiig come here from Peel county, Ontario. He readily found em|iloymenl on a farm and he also worked in a Inmbfryard, these two occupations (Migaging his time for three years. In 1897, he returned to Ontario. i-cMuaining there for ten yi'ars, during which period he learned the carpenter's trade, under J. B. Smifh of Toronto. At the cxjni-ation of that time, in 1907, he again became a resident of Manitoba, locating in Dauphin, where for three years he succes-sfully followed his trade. Recog- nizing the excellent opportunity here afforded for the successful operation of a sa.sh and door factory, lie in 1910, established with Mr. Hafenbrack, the indu.s- Irv tliev are now conducting. The cntci-]irisc has tlirivcil from its iucipiency, 316 THE STORY OP MANITOBA and although it has been in existence only about two years gives employment to twenty skilled workmen. Both members of the firm are not only masters of their trade, but are competent and reliable business men and have been awarded a larf^e number of important eontraets. Good examples of their work are to be found in tlie town hall, munieipal hall, and several eoinmereial build- ings. They own tluii- factory site and the buildings, which they erected for the purpose, and their plant is equipped with the latest improved machinery. In the Erskin church, Toronto, on the 2rHh of December, li)01, ]\Ir. Steen was married to Mi.ss Ennna Scott, a daughter of John and Emma (Wilson) Scott, the father a pioneer farmer of Manitoba. Of this marriage have been born four children: JMuriel, who is attending school; Andrew, who died and is buried in Dauphin; Eleanor; and Olive. Mr. Steen erected his house, which is one of the comfortable and attractive residences of the town. The family affiliate witii the Presbyterian church, in whicli the parents hold membership. Fraternally ]Mr. Steen is affiliated with the l\Iasonic order, the Knights of Pythias and the Canadian Foresters. He is independent in his political views, but is not remiss in matters of citizenship, taking an active interest in everything that pertains to the welfare of the community or will advance its progress either materially, intellectually or morally. GEORGE H. CARLISLE, M. D. Dr. George H. Carlisle, of Brandon, who, since 1908, has specialized in diseases of the eye, ear. nose and throat, has ofifices in the Dominion Bank chambers. Although he has practiced only a few years in this town, he has made a wonderful record as regards cases which have been alleviated by his skill. He has prepared himself for his special work by careful study and long post-graduate courses and his colleagues readily concede his preeminent posi- tion as a specialist in his line. Dr. Carlisle was born at Peterboro. Ontario, September 8, 1881, and is a son of John and Ellen A. Carlisle. The father was for many years engaged as a contractor and builder. The family is of British origin and was established on this side of the Atlantic about eighty years ago. Dr. Carlisle received his primary education in Peterboro. Ontai-io, and subsequently graduated from the Collegiate Institute in 1895. Although only a boy of fourteen, he had made up his mind at that €arly age to make the medical profession his life work and, as he needed means to attain this end, he concluded to work for a few years at some trade which would secure him sufficient funds to pursue a medical course. In 1895 he crossed the border line to North Dakota and for four years worked as a watchmaker and jeweler and optical repairman at Grand. Forks, that state. He then returned to Canada and entered the medical college of the University of Toronto, from which he was graduated M. D., C. M., in 1905. which is a Trinity degree. After having received his diploma he proceeded to New York city, where he took a post- graduate course for three months, and then went to Umskaka Cottage Sana- torium, where he acted as house surgeon for eleven months. After this period he returned to New York to engage in some more post-graduate work and was so engaged for five months. Early in 1907 he engaged in general practice at Grayson. Saskatchewan. His deep knowledge, general understanding of human nature and kindness soon won for him a distinct and numerous patronage and he was there successfully engaged until 1908. when he removed to Brandon. Since he has been located in this town remarkable .success has attended his labors and he is often consulted by his colleagues in cases which require the minute knowledge of a specialist. The practice he has built up must be a source of deep gratification to him. as it has grown out of the deep confidence which the public has in his skill and science. 111;. i.KiiKcK II. I .\i;i,lsi,K THE STORY OF MANITOBA 319 Dr. Carlisle was married, at Napaiiee, Ontario, Novemlier 15, 1900, to Miss Jaiiet Templetoii, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. William Templeton and a sister of Dr. C. P. Templeton. To Dr. and Mrs. Carlisle has been born one son, John. The family make their home at No. 534 Louise avenue. In his political views Dr. Carlisle is a conservative and has been active in the pro])a2:anda of this great jiarty. He is a member of the Presbyterian church. To keej) in touch with his colleagues and the new discoveries and procedures in medicine he is active in the Brandon, the Provincial, the Saskatchewan, the Northwest Terri- tory and the Canadian Medical Associations. lie is a blue lodge I\Iasou and belongs to the Independent Order of Foresters, the Modern Woodmen of America, the Yeomen and the Knights of Pythias. He is captain of the Ninety- ninth Regiment, ]\lanitoba Rangers. Dr. Carlisle, although he has been estab- lished in Brandon only a few years, has made for himself a name among the medical i)ractitioncrs in this vicinity and his services are in great demand by the general pidilic, who place in him a degree of confidence which is well merited and nuist be to him a stimulus for continuing in his beneficial work in the future. HARRY AY. COOK. Few men in Winnipeg have accomplished a more distinct business success at an early age than Harry W. Cook, manager of the local branch of the Philip Carey Company, dealers in roofing and asbestos goods. At thirty-one he is recognized as one of the able business men of the city by vii'tue of the important position which he holds and his capable conduct of its affairs. He was bom at Windsor. Ashtabula county. Ohio, in 1S81, a son of Gordon 0. and Eleanor (Rawdon) Cook, the former a retired farmer who lives in Winnipeg. Harry Cook was educated in the public schools of AVindsor and at Buchtel College, in Akron, Ohio, graduating from that institution in 1902 with the degree of B. A. Immediately afterward he began his business career, being employed as civil engineer by A. II. Engstrom, of Philadelphia. He worked throughout Pennsylvania until July, 1905, when he became identified with the Philip Carey Company, of Cincinnati, Ohio, and took the position of salesman, his headquarters being at their Toronto branch office. In August, 1908, he was given western Canadian territory and did sudi able work in his employers' interests that he was ai'|iointcd manager of the Winnipeg tiranch to open an office and warehouse in this city. His district includi"s the territory from the head of the Great Lakes in western Ontario to the Bi'itish Columbia line, tak- ing in the jirovinces of ilaiiitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta. When the branch was established Mr. Cook was the only representative in Winnipeg with sole charge of the office. The district was new and the business not yet established and thus at an early age he was put to the hard test of responsibility. That he stood this test well is evidenced by the fact that in a few yeai-s he made the volume of business done by the newly opt'iicd bi-anch c(|ual that of the Montreal office and has put everj- department upon a ]u'ofital)le liasis. During the first year he considered a two thousand dollar covering contract large but today a twenty-five thousand dollar contract is not unusual. He cmjiloys three travelers, and a force in the local warehouse and office averai:ing twenty-five people, the business being confined exclusively to the sale of the Philii) Carey Company products. In 1907 Jlr. Cook was united in nuirriage to Miss Jfae Everett, of Green- wich, Ohio, and they have one daughter. Both are well known in .social circles of Winnipeg and their man.v charming and hos|)itable qualities have gained them a wide circle of friends. Mr. Cook is a member of the Assinilioiue Clul). The business future of Winnipeg like lliat of any city is largely in the hands of its voung manhood. They will infiuence the policy and develop the com- 320 Till'] STORY OF .AlAMTOBA mercial resources during' the coniiiig years jind their ability and energy will be I'aetors in expansion. Altli()iiii;li Mr. Cook has been engaged in the manufac- turing business only live years his work is well begun, he having gained a suc- cess which would be eretlital)le to a man who had completed his career. His past and present attainments are a fair promi.se of a future prosperity which will place him among the prominent and important business men of the city. EBFA'EZRR REVEKIDGE. Elieiiezer Beveridge, a well known liai-rister of Winnipeg, is practicing his profession in partnership with William Oliver Hamilton and has offices in the Somerset block. His birth occurred in Middlesex county, Ontario, on tlie 14th of May, 1871, his parents being Thomas and Margaret Kennedy (McLeish) Beveridge, both of whom were natives of Scotland. They emigrated to Canada after reaching maturity and were married in tliis country. Thomas Beveridge passed away in 1895 but his widow is still living and resides in AVinnipeg. Ebenezer Beveridge obtained his early education in the i)ublic schools of Manitolia and later pursued a eour.se of stud.v in the Collegiate Institute. Sub- sequently he followed the profession of teaching in Jlanitoba and Saskatche- wan for about three years and during that period and afterward attended JIanitoba College, being graduated from that institution with the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1900. In the fall of that year he began to read law in the offices of Aikins, Pitblado, Robson & Loftus, remaining with that concern until he had mastered the work of the profession. In 1904: he was admitted to the bar of Manitoba and immediately began practice alone. A few months later he became a partner of Harold Turnbull. in association with whom he prac- ticed for two years, having offices in the Campbell block on Main street. Sub- secjuently lie spent a similar period in partnership with A. H. Stewart ^lurray and then, owing to failing health, lived retired for two years. In April, 1911, he once more took up the work of the profession and a little later formed a part- nership with William Oliver Hamilton, with whom he is still associated under the firm style of Beveridge & Hamilton. The.v make a specialty of conveyancing and commercial law and enjoy an extensive and gratifying practice. Mr. Beveridge is a liberal in his political views but does not feel himself bound by party ties, considering the fitness of a candidate as of more impor- tance than his party affiliation. Fraternally he is identified with the follow- ing organizations : Ancient Landmark Lodge, Xo. 3, A. F. & A. M. ; Hiawatha Lodge, No. 60, I. 0. 0. F., in which he is past grand; and Fort Garry Home- stead of the Brotherhood of American Yeomen. He likewise belongs to the Winnipeg Canoe Club, St. John's Curling Club and the New Century Club, the last named having been but recently organized. He has always been deeply interested in athletics but has been too busy to take an active part. His religious faith is indicated by his membershii> in St. Andrew's Presbyterian church, in which he has been manager and treasui-er. He is a self-made man in the high- est and best sense of the term, owing his present enviable position in profes- sional ranks to his own well directed effort and close application. NELSON GRIFFIN. Nelson Griffin, who has owned and successfully conducted a general black- smith shop in Dauphin for over fourteen years, was born in Stephens town.ship, Huron count.v, Ontario, on the 18th of February, 1862. He is a son of Charles H. and JIaria (Taylor) Griffin, pioneer residents of the province of Ontario, where the father engaged in contracting and building. He passed away in THE STORY OF ilANITOBA ^21 1911 at the advanced age of eiglity-six years, and was laid to rest in tlie Caru- dutt' eeiuetery, where tlie mother, wliose death oeeurred in 11100 at the age of sixty-tive, is al.so buried. In tlie aeciuirenient of his education Nelson Griffin attended the public schools of Jlitcheli, Ontai'io, until he wa.s a youth of seventeen. Having resolved to learn blacksniithing he then laid aside his school books and entered a local sliop. Wlu'n he had mastered tile trade he started out in the world to make his own way, working as a journeyman, tintii hSST. In the latter year he went to Chicago, Illinois, remaining a resident of that city until his removal to ^lan- itol)a, eleven years later. The year 1S!),S marked his arrival in Dauphin, where he t'stablishetl the shop he is now conducting. As he is a skilled smith, is jirompt in his deliveries and thoroughly trustworthy and reliable in his transactions, Mr. Griffin has succeeded in huikling up a good patronage and is prospering in his business. In connection with the develo])ment of his liusiness he has made several profitable realty transfers, having built and sold to good advan- tage a number of residence properties, and now has in cour.sc of construction a new dwelling which is intended for his own ()cciii)ancy. Jt is a modern house of i)ractical design and siilistaiilial structure and is in every way an acquisi- tion to the section in which it is located. In Chicago on the -Ith of July, 1892, ilr. GriI'lin was united in marriage to Miss E. E. Johnson, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Johnson of .Michigan, and to them has lieen born one daughter, lieulah. a student of the Collegiate Institute. In his i)(>litical views, Mr. Griflin is a stanch lilieral. He has never figured prominently in municipal affairs, but he is jndilic-spirited in matters of citizen- ship and takes an active interest in all things pertaining to the community welfare, and can be depeniled upon to support any woi-thy project. THE WI.XXU'EG PAINT & GLASS COMPANY. The progress, upbuilding, development, and general advancement of a city are directly dependent upon the condition of its industrial institutions, the poli- cies by which they are managed and controlled and the stanilards by which they are operated. The rate of their expansion and the nature of their out- put and products influence the general industrial activity which means growth. Winni]ieg is fortunate in having among her important business houses the enterpi'ise operated by the Winniix'g Painl & (ilass Company and is also happy in counting among her citizens the able, energetic, and progressi\'e men who direct and manage it. This <'ompany was founded by James .McDiariiiid and John Cai-r, general contractors of Winnipeg, and commcncctl business in the year 1902. In 1901! Edward Cass joined the company and the concern was incorporated with him as president. Their first jiremises were in the two-story warehouse, situated on Donald street, which were small compared with the warehouses and yards now occujjied 'by the firm. The original luisiiiess was that of a ])aint and glass company, with i capital stock of twenty-five thousand dollars, which at that time was siifticieiil for the reciuirements of the business. However, this was not for long, the (piality of goods and .service the firm were offei-iiig made it necessary to extend the warehouse stores and also increase the eai)ital stock of the company. In the fall of this year, H. AV. Paterson joined the firm, wliicli made the board of directors as follows: Edward Ca.ss. i)resident; James ]\IcDiarmid and John Carr, vice presidents; and R. ^V. Pater.son. sec- retary-treasurer. The capital stock was one hundred and fifty thousand dol- lars and immediately a site was jiurchased on Notre Dame avenue, east, and a six-story warchous<' erected and also a warehouse site secured on the Canadian Northern Railroad tracks for storage puri)oses. To the paint and gla.ss business, other lines were added, the first of imi)ortan<-e being sash and doors. The 322 THE STORY OF ilAXlTOHA building on Notre Dame street was oecupieii as a jiaint and glass wholesale warehouse, an art glass factory and the eity paint and glass department, while the trackage premises were occupied as a warehouse for sash and door, plate glass and various other supplies. It was soon found that these premises were inadequate for the requirements of the firm and a large block of land was purcliased in Fort Rouge, on whieh was erected one of the largest planing mills in the eity, a large storage ware- house for sash and doors, and extensive lumber yards, stables, et<'., which neces- sitated a further increase in capital to live hundred thousand dollars. About this time it was also found necessary to make provision for the Alberta busi- ness and a five-story warehouse was erected in Calgary to take care of this territory. In October, 1907, the firm suffered a severe loss by fire, which completely wiped out building and stock at No. 179 Notre Dame avenue, east, and for a short time, inconvenienced the company, but immediately a new warehouse was started and stock rushed in to take care of the fall trade and from this time on they have found it necessarv to extend their business by leaps and bounds. At the present time the capital of the company is one million dollars, with a warehouse at No. 179 Notre Dame avenue, east, AVinnipi'g, an eight-story ware- house on Portage avenue, east, AVinnipeg, together with extended lumber yards, sash and door warehouses, and planing mill, a large, commodious warehouse in Calgary and distributing warehouses at Swift Current and Saskatoon, with an exceptionally fine eight-story building in the course of erection in Winnipeg and a five-story building in the course of erection at Edmonton. The employes of the concern numlicr at the present time over four hundn'd in the various departments. This firm advertise to sujiply evcrylliing for a l>nikling and a visit to their various plants confirms their slogan "Everything for a building." The planing mill, situated in Fort Rouge, employs two hundretl and fifty hands and manufactures everything in sash and doors, store fronts, showcases and interior fixtures of all kinds. In the lumber yards and sash and door warehouses are to be found the finest selection of rough and dressed lumber and interior finish in hard and soft wood anywhere in Canada. The art glass department, .which is equipped with modern machinery of every kind for beveling, silvering and manufacturing of art glass of every description, is without equal anywhere west of the metropolitan cities. The paint and glass store, which is situated in the Notre Dame street Iniild- ing, is devoted exclusively to these lines, and shows a complete line of paints, varnishes, calcimine, etc., and effects to be obtained by these goods from the leading manufacturers of Canada and foreign countries. WILLIAM GRASSIE. Widely known in Scottish circles in 'Winnipeg, William Grassie, a native of the land of hills and heather, has since 1900 played an important part in the material progress of the cit.v wrought through real-estate activities. He has become one of the best known representatives of that field of business here, having now an extensive clientele which indicates the faith of the public in his knowledge of realty values and in his thorough relialiility in business dealings. A son of William and Agnes (McKerlie) Gra.ssie, he was born July 27, 1872, and pursued his education in the Wallace Hall Academy of his native land. When text-books were laid aside he turned his attention to agricultural pursuits and was thns engaged nntil 1894, when he determined to try his fortune in Canada, being then an ambitious young man of twenty-two years. He made his way direct to Ontario but after a year spent in farming in that province removed to western Canada in 1895 and engaged in ranching in Saskatchewan W 11,1.1AM I.KASSIK THE STORY OF MANITOBA 325 and All)erta until 1900. With his arrival in Winnipeg he became connected with the real-estate business, organizing the firm of Dalton & Grassie. which connection was maintained until ]!K)5. After the dissolution of that partner- shij) he organized the British American Investment Company, of which he is managing director. He has other kindred enterprises and his business activities make heavy demand upon him owing to their contiiuied growth. He has made a close study of his ciioseu vocation and there is no phase of the real-estate business unfamiliar to him. In the year 1906 he was honored with the presi- dency of the Winnipeg Real E.state E.Kchange and his administration was one of great benefit to tlie organization. In 1902 Mr. Grassie was married in Montreal to IMiss ]\Iargaret Greig, a native of Cumberland, England. They are vahu^d mendiers of the Presbyterian church and Mr. Gra.ssie gives his political allegiance to the liberal party, although not an active worker in its ranks. He is known in military circles as one who takes a deep interest in that jiluise of pi'ovincial organization and is now captain of the Seventy-ninth Cameron Ilighlamlcr.s. He is a member of the Canadian and Commercial Clubs and since his arrival in this city has been identified with all the Scottish societies and Scottish enterprises, having at the present time the honor of representing the Order of Scottish Clans for the province of Manitoba. Advancement has been the keynote of his life. This spirit has been manifest in every important relation, and especially in the field of business, where opportunity is limitless, lie has steadily progressed until there are few men better known in real-estate circles in Winnipeg today tiian William Grassie. WILLIAM URCCE. The attainments of William Bruce in architecture are an exemplification of the whole modern trend of thought and action in that profession. Gradually it is getting away from the confinements of the past fifty years and is branch- ing out fi-om a profession wliieh had to do with separate buildings in their designing, [ilanning and construction until it includes the plannim;- of com- iiumities. the ereetion of many homes with a thought to their artistic relations and the building up of cities. In its every day exemplifications it is becoming an art when previously that phase was confined to great buildings of a public character and the change is affecting the beauty and artistry of modern numici- palities. No man has done more in Manitoba to [)romote this aspect of the pro- fession than has William Bruce, an architect who is also an artist on broad lines, educated liberally and specially and one of the most able men in his line in tiie ])rovince. He was born in Caithness-shire, Scotlaiul. in l.S.")2, a son of John and Ann (Christian) Bruce. Early in his life Mr. Bruce became interested in architecture and after com- pleting the prescribed course in the parish school and in Ilahlene Academy at Glasgow he entered the services of some of the best known of British architects, wliere he studied his chosen work, his interest increasing as his knowledge grew. When he left school he followed his jirofession in Edinburgh, Glasgow and Londdii and in all of these places his al>ility received ready recognition and iipplausc. Some ])ulilie buildings at Leed.s. Yoiksinre, England, were designed by him and he has resumed this department of iiis work in Winnipeg. He was formerly one of the prominent members of the Royal Scottish Society of Arts, having received a silver medal from that institution for a treatise on "The ventilation and construction of sanitai-y ari'aiigements in connection with build- ing construction." He is also a life mend)er of tiie Edinburgh Association of Science aiul Arts. In 19flr) i\Ir. Bruce crossed the Atlantic and settled in Wiruiipeg. win^re he has followed his profession since that time. He iuis a large and constantly increasing patronage which his alnlit\ ;iiid proven attainments connnami. Vol, U— 15 326 THE STORY OF MANITOBA Being a firm believer in tlie t'lifure ol' iioi'tlierii ^Iaiiitol)a, he lias spent a great amount of time in tliorouglily investigating the conditions that exist around Hudson bay and jiarticularly iu the Cliurehill river region. He prepared a plan of the proposed new city, to be ealled "Koblin City," at the mouth of the Churehill river, on the siiores of Hudson bay, where nature lias formed a large, sheltered harbor with deep water, well protected from storms. The land is suftieiently higii for proteetiou and has a gentle slope towanl the river. It is believeil l)y many that one of the largest eities on the continent of North America will rapidly grow at this place and the i)lans, as prepared for a city beautiful, are so laid out as to be not only a city of homes with comfortable surroundings and a system of parks and parkways sufficiently large to con- tain a civic center of a half a million of population, with upwards of five hun- dred miles of streets, and all the public buildings, l)ut also with an industrial section adjacent to the river and separate from the residential part. The design of ""Kobliu City" is sufBcieut proof of the a])ility of Jlr. Bruce as an architect and artist. It shows the breadth of knowledge required for success in the pro- fession as he views it — the consideration of industrial, social and jihysical con- ditions, the study of business ada|)taliility and commei'cial relations, the power to design with beauty and to combine it with convenience. Mr. Jiruce has iu the course of his investigations iu the regions of northern Manitoba made some very interesting discoveries iu stone, among which is "Mauitobite," a new cpiality of stoue of great streugth found only in this province. Exposure to atmospheric conditions for ages has proven it to be a thoroughly weather-resisting material and it is capable of a beautiful and high polish, making it suitable for outside construction and for fine interior archi- tecture. Mr. Bruce has also discovered an absolutely fireproof stone, as yet unnamed, which he intends to use for fireproof flooring and partitions. It will entirely supersede coucrete, for fireproofing of high-class buildings, being stronger and more ea.sily prepared, besitles combining with these advantages the fireproof qualities not possessed by ordinary sand, limestone and cement. By all of these various interests and attainments Mr. Bruce .shows what archi- tecture really means to him — the love of beauty and the power of artistic design, combined with strength, suitability to purpose and endurance. Success in it means attention to detail, a comprehensive study of the materials of which buildings are constructed as well as a knowledge of the rules by which they are planned. His ability and prominence make his ideas jiowerful and effective throughout Manitoba, where be is recognized as in all resitects a master architect, possessing a practical knowledge of all details of design and construction. J. F. PRICE. A life of persistent and intelligently directed activity is bringing to J. F. Price the success which invariably crowns zealous effort when earnestly pur- sued. He is the owner of an attractive grocery and delicatessen store situated at the corner of Ninth street and Rosser avenue, where he has been located since 1905, and is enjoying a large and constantly increasing patronage. He was born in Wallaceburg, Ontario, on the 11th of May, 1882, and is a son of James H. and Ellen Price. The father was for many years identified with the wholesale grocery interests of Ontario, where he is now engaged in the whole- sale liquor business. He is also a native of that province and is progressive and public-spirited in his views on public questions. The mother passed away in 1909 and is buried in the cemetery at St. Thomas, Ontario. Reared at home in the acquirement of his education J. F. Price attended school at St. Thomas until graduated from the high school iu 1000. Soon thereafter he came to Manitoba, believing that greater opportunities were afforded energetic young men in the west than were to be found in the more THE STORY OF IMAXITOBA 327 congested provinces of the east. He located in Brandon and soon after his arrival here ot)tained a clerkship with J. H. ^Murray, at that time proprietor of the business now owned by Mr. Price. His knowledge of the grocery busi- ness and conmu'icial methods generally was very limited, but he was ambitious and applied himself to his work with the determination which wins success. Hi.s duties were many and varied, but any task a.ssigued him was performed ])romi)fly and to the best of his ai)ility, it being his desire to advance in the business, and promotion, as he knew, was determined by efficiency. When he came here he was practically witiiout funds and was entirely dependent upon his own resources. Although at the time this seemed a rather hard state of affairs, the experience of years has proven to him that it undoubtedly was one of the dominant factors in his success, as it brought to the fore his best qualities and revealed to him his latent powers. By his capable discharge of his duties he readily won the confidence of his emi)lo.ver and at the end of five years was taken into the business as a partner. This was but the first step in the attain- ment of his i)urj)ose and the {'.\i)iration of anotlicr year marked him sole pro- prietor, the interest of his as.sociates having bem purchased during the inter- vening j)eriod. lie has ever since continued (lie business alone, and has met with most gratifying success in its development, and now has one of the finest stores of the kind in the city. He carries a large and carefully assorted .stock of staple and fancy groceries, in connection with which he maintains a delica- tessen department, wiierc can be found tempting salads, meats and pastries, of superior ([uality as is attested li.v his many jiatrons. 'i'lie financial progress of Mr. I'rice during the twelve ycai-s of his coiuiection with the conuuercial interests of Brandon, should be a source of jiride and gratifii'ation to any young man. His rise has not been i)h('iiomenal nor is it ilue to a fortunate Inisiness speculation, but it lias been aciiieved by working early and late with his entire energy concentrated upon the attainmi'ut of a definite inirpo.se. As a result he is now the owner of a thriving and firmly established business, the develop- ment of which, under his capable management, will keep pace with the city's growth, and a good residence property at No. 349 Third street. At St. Thomas. Ontario, on the 11th of October, lilOO, Mr. Price was united in mai-riage to Miss IMyrtle Siinders, a daughter of Thomas Sanders, a car inspector on the Mirhiuan Central Kailroad. To i\Ir. and Mrs. Price have been born tiiree childi-en : Lawrence ami Muriel, who are attending school; and Genevieve. Fraternall.v Mr. Price is a member of the Knights of Columbus, and he also belongs to the Brandon Conuuercial Club. He has not confined his interests to the development of his business alone, but has extended them into other fields of activity, and is now president and manager of the Crescent Paving & Cement Company, one of the rapidly develoj)ing industries of the city. I\Ir. Price is a man of strong determination and stahvai-f purpose to the support of which (puditics he brings tireless energy and fine busines.s sagacity. He is highly esteemed in local circles because of the ])ublic spirit lie numifests in matters of eitizenshij). as well as by rea.son of his business attaiinnenf.s, and has the reputation of ln'ing tlinroiiLrldy I'clialilr and trustwortiiy in all of his transactions. GEORGE A. BROADBENT. George A. Broadbent is well known in busines.s circles of Winnipeg as manager of the Arbulhnot liUmber Company, one of the largest coneerns of its kiiul in the eity. His birth occurred in Huron cuinity, Ontario, in IST;"), bis parents being John and JOllen Broadbent. In ISS] the family came from Ontario to Thornhill. Manitoba, where for the ]>ast twenty-five yeai-s John Broadbent has been actively engaged in business as a lumber nierclumt. 328 TUE STORY OF MANITOBA George A. Broadhont oht.'iincd liis odticatioii at Tlioriihill and after putting aside his text-books worked witli liis latlier until twenty-one years of age. At that time he eanie to Winnipeg to enter the employ of John Arhuthnot and aft<>r two years' serviee as bookkeeper was made managei-. In VMY.i tlie John Arbuthnot Company. Limited, was formed, and Mr. Broadbent was appointed managing director. Mr. Arbuthnot is president and J. M. Savage acts as secretary and treasurer of the concern. Both gentlemen reside at Victoria, British Columbia. For many years the business has been carried ou at the present location. "When ]Mr. Arbuthnot bought out Van Ettan & Company, in 1891, the enterprise was of small projiortions but it has since grown steadily and is now one of the largest lumber companies of "Winnipeg. The concern operates four yards, including one at Fort Kouge. one at the corner of Ross and Tecumseh streets in St. eTames and one in Transcoua. The main office and yards are at the corner of Princess and Lo.s:an streets in Winnipeg. In the capacity of manager JMr. Broadbent has contributed materially to the success and growth of the company, for he is a man of splendid executive ability and sound judgment. He is a stockholder in the Canadian Bond & Jlortgage Com- pany and a director of the Provincial Contracting Company and the JIanitoba Development C'ompan}\ On the 5th of June, 1907, at Stonew-all, Manitoba. ;\Ir. Broadbent was united in marriage to Miss Kalista Semmens. a daughter of Rev. John Semmens, who is now inspector of Indian agencies in Canada. Our subject iind his wife have two children, Helen NeTanuis and Doris Kalista. In politics Mr. Broadbent is a liberal. His religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Wesley Methodist church, to which his wife also belongs and of which he is a trustee. The period of his residence in Manitoba covers more than three decades and he enjoys a wide and favorable acquaintance here. He has made a creditable business record and pos.sesses the laudable ambition and firm determination which promise well for the future. WILLIAM BATHGATE. A man of clear brain, capable of taking an impartial view of vital questions affecting wide interests, William Bathgate was well known, particularly as a ready writer on trade questions, while in the business circles of Winnipeg he figured prominently as the managing director of the Manitoba Electric & Gas Light Company. He was born in Edinburgh. Scotland, in 1832, a son of Joseph and Grace (Hislop) Bathgate, who were descendants of two of the oldest families of Scotland. The father was a trusted official in the employ of the Duke of Buccleugh. He resided in Edinburgh, whence in 1852 he came to America with his family, settling at Jauesville, W^isconsin. He died the same year, but the mother, surviving for more than two decades, passed away in 1874. The son, at the time of their arrival in the new world, was a young man of twenty years. He entered upon his business career in Montreal in 1861 and ' later, in' 1870, turned his attention to farming in Guelph township, Wellington county, Ontario. In 1878 he removed to Winnipeg and engaged in the retail furniture business under the firm style of Bathgate & Gerrie, but eventually sold out. In 1883 he was appointed managing director of the Manitoba Electric & Gas Light Company, continuing to fill that position for many years. He capably directed its affairs so as to make this a paying investment, controlling its interests with energy and sound judgment, yet at the same time finding opportunity for the study of vital and important public questions. Endowed by nature with keen intellect, he readily ma.stcred intricate problems and his comprehensive knowledge of the questions which he reviewed led him to speak with authority upon many such. In fact he was a ready contributor to the 1 I ^^^^^1 ^V^^ ^1 ^^^^^^1 H ^^^^^g ^K \J H 1 3 1 ^te' 1 W 11,1,1AM 1:AI lie ATK THE STORY OF MANITOBA 331 press upon trade questions and his writings always eonimanded interest and attention. In 1871 Mr. Bathgate was united in marriage to Margaret Armstrong, a daughter of James Loghrin of Erainosa, Ontario. Their children are as fol- lows: James Loghrin Bathgate, who married .Miss limily Campbell and has two children; Joseph and Elizabeth Loghrin, both at home; and Margaret Armstrong, the wife of A. II. Grant, of Winnipeg. James L. Bathgate, the tirst named, is a member of the firm known as the Seott, Bathgate Company. While Mr. Batligate was a prominent man in business and public conne(-tions, his best traits of character were ever reserved for his own home and fireside, where he was a devoted husband and ever a genial, courteous host. Politically he was a stanch conservative and at one time served as alderman. The high principles of his life had their root in the teachings of the Presbyterian church, being a member of Kno.\ church and for many years chairman of its board of trustees. He also belonged to St. Andrews Society of Winnipeg and to the Masonic fraternity. His many excellent traits of character ever commanded for him the respect, good-will and confidence of those with whom he was associated. FKEDERICK TODD CADIIAM, M. D. A native of Winnipeg. Dr. Frederick Todd Cadham is one of the successful jihysicians of the city. He was born in 18S0 and is a son of James Henry and Elizabeth (Callinani Cadham. the former a well known pioneer who was active in tile work of dcvi'iopment here at an early day. He came to ]\Ianitoba in 1870, aiding in the suppression of the Kiel rebellion, and in his military service was associated with Colonel Steele. Sir Daniel ;\Lac."\Iillian. William Alloway and others of equal prominence. The spirit of patriotism and loyalty which he displayed during the early period of his connection with iVIanitoba found its reward in the rapid success which came to him in this province. He estab- lished his residence in Winnipeg, where he attained prominence and prosperity as the pioneer architect of Manitoba. He married I\Iiss Elizabeth Callinan. who was born in the United States and was a daughter of Colonel Callinan. No citizen ever did more to promote the expansion and growth of Winnipeg along substantial lines than did James Henry Cadham, and at his death, which occurred in 1907, when he was fifty-seven years of age, the city lost one of the most valued and prominent of her early settlers. His widow survives him and still makes her home in AVinnipeg. Dr. Cadham ac(iuired his i)rinuiry education in the public schools here and afterward pui'sued a course in the WiMni])eg Collegiate Institute. He won his B. A. degree from JIanitolia College in lilOl and later was cradualed from the IManitoba Medical College with the class of lilO"). Immediately afterwai'd he opened an office in Winnipeg, where he has been practicing successfully since. Ilere he has had oppin-tunity to develop iiis specialty in vaccine work and in this connection has gained prominent recognition. He is a member of the lecturing stall" of the Manitoba Medical College and is a mendier of the leading medical societies of the province. He holds a commission as captain in the army medical corps and is health otiicer for the municiitality of Rosser. Dr. Cadiiaiii was married in 100(5 to Miss .Xina A. (ialloway. a daughter of Koi>er (iaiidway. a leading pioneer settler and mayor of (Jladstone. Dr. and Mrs. Cadiiaiii have two daughters and make their liome at No. 820 Broadway, Wiiniipeg., Dr. Cadham is well known in Masonic circles, holding membership in Ancient Landmark Lodge. No. i. V. &. A. M. ; I'rince Hupert Chapter. No. 52. n. A. M.: King Edward Preeeptory. No. 24, A. A. S. R. : and Khartum Temple. A. A. (). N. M. S. RecoL'nizing the value of well develoi)ed physical manhood 332 THE STORY OF MANITOBA as a foundation for activity and success in any field of life, he has always been an enthusiastic devotee of outdoor sports. During his student days he held proiuint-nt connection with various athletic clubs, beeoniiug cajjlain of the famous Victoria Hookey Club and jircsident of the Western Canada Hockey Association. He also served as pri'sidcnt of the Winnipeg and Fort Garry Gun Clubs, iind held the chiiiniudusliip of Jlaniloba lioth in shooting and swimming. His interest in athletics lias renuiir.cd a feature in liis professional life to the present time, for he has used his influence to advocate the benclit of fresh air and exercise and clean amateur sport. He possesses a pleasing per- sonality and the prominence to whicli he has attained as a physician is well meriteil. HUGH AMOS ROBSOi\, K. C. Hugh Amos Robson, K. C, the first incumbent of the office of public utilities commissioner of ]\lanitoba, is a valuable factor in the public life of that province. He was liorn at Barrow-in-Furncss, England, Septemlier 9, 1871, and was a lad of but eleven years when he became a resident of the Dominion. He went west to Wascana, now Regina, Saskatchewan, and ultimately entered the otlice of I). L. Scott, Q. C, as a student. His j/nparation for the bar was thorough and he was called in 1892, at which time he became a partner of his former preceptor under the firm style of Scott, Hanulton & Robson. in 1898 he was appointed deputy attorney general of the northwest territory under the Hon. F. W. G. Haultain. He resigned that position in 1899, however, to conu! to "Winnipeg, where he was called to the bar of ManitoVia and joined the lirm of Aikens, Culver & Company. He was inchuled in the first list of king's counsels appointed by the Manitoba government and on the 23d of June, 1910, he was appointed judge of the court of king's bench. In iMay, 1912, he resigned that position to take up the duties of the newly created office of pul)lic utilities conunissioner, which he has capably tilled ever since. In December of the same year he conducted at the request of the city an inquiry into the conditions in the segregated area. He has also acted as chairman of arbitration boards appointed in labor disputes. His present office is his first venture away from strictly professional lines. He has never taken active part in jjolitical or municipal affairs but has concentrated ids entire attention upon the study and ailministration of law and justice. Judge Robson was married in Vancouver, British Colundua, in 1897, to Miss Fannie Laidlaw, of that city, and they have six children, two .sons and four daughters. Judge Robson and his wife liold membership in the Knox Presbyterian church. He is a member of the Manitoba Club. HEBER L. SINGLETON. Ilcbcr L. Singleton, proprietor of the Bi'andon Heating & Plumliing Works, wliich lie established at No. 110 Twelfth street, Brandon, two years ago, was born in Delta, Ontario, on April 9, 1881, and is a son of W. R. and Elizabeth Singleton. The father, who was a hardware merchant and phnnber, was engaged in business in Iwth Delta and Carleton Place, Ontario, from early manhood until his death. He passed away in 1909, and was laid to rest in the cemetery at Carleton Place. Besides his son he is survived by his widow and a daughter, Evelyn A., both of whom make their home witli our subject. Reared in tlie parental home, Heber L. Singleton obtained his education in the graded and high schools of Carleton Place, which he attended until he was a youth of sixteen. Having resolved to identify himself with conunercial activi- THE STORY OF MANITOBA 333 ties he sul).stMiiK'iitly served an api)reiiticeship under his father, with whom he was assoeiateil in Inisiuess until his (h>atli. In June, 1910, he disposeil of his interests in Ontario and removed to Brandon, wliere he established tiie heating and plumbing business he is now eondueting. Although lie has only been engaged in business here for three years, he is being accorded a very satis- factory patronage and lias every reason to feel gratified witli his success. Mr. .Singleton is thoroughly familiar with every detail of his trade as well as the technical (juestions involved by heatiuL; and phunbing, to the support of which he brings the business enterprise and industry that enables him to win the confidence of tiiose witii whom he has transactions. He has been awarded the contracts for tiie iieating and plumbing of a number of residences and public buildings, including tlie Empire Hotel. King George school, the Souris school, Andi'ews and Burchill blocks and the Reno Hotel. Mr. Singleton was married at Carleton Place on the 7th of June, 1905, to Miss Emma (iodden, a ilaughter of George Godden, a jeweler and pioneer settler of that town, onsibility of its nmnagement and direction for four years and during that time his policies of conservative expansion and bis systemjitie nieliiods iiave had their natural resnlt in increased trade and general i)usiness growth. Mr. Dodd is also a representative of the Montreal Cottons. Limited, which operates a large mill at Valleyfield, Quebec, where they nuinufacture all kinds of hnvns and sateens. . Mr. Dodd resides at No. 37 Cornish aveiuie. Winnipeg, and is well known in social, fraternal and business circles of the eity. He is a nu>mber of Prince 336 THE STORY OF MANITOBA Rupert's Lodge, No. 1, A. F. & A. M., and belongs to the Carletou Club and the Assiniboine Bowling Club. He is also known in the art'airs of the Northwest Comuieirial Travelers Assoeiation. Although only thirty-tive years of age he has already aceoiiiplislied a distiuet sucees-s. His position as manager ot one of the important hi-anches of a large industrial institution has not come to him by I'hanee but as the result of proven etiieieuey and definite attainment. J. W. Fini). In the month of March, 1911. .1. W. Frid removed with his family from Chieago to Winnipeg, where, with his brother, H. P. Frid, who is a graduate of the Toronto Univei-sity, he engaged in the general contracting and consult- ing engineering I)usiness. So phenomenal was their success tliat at the close of the 3"ear tiiey admitted F. C. Lewis to a partnership and incorporated under the name of the Frid-Lewis Company, Ltd. The cliaractcr of their work and the dispatch with which it has been performed has placed them in this short time among tlie strongest and most relial)le firms in western Canada. J. W. Frid, the president and managing director of the company, has had many years of practical experience as well as a thorough technical training. A native of Hamilton, Ontario, he was born July 31, 1878, a son of George W. and Jane (Lewis I Frid. His preliminary education was acquired in the public schools and subsequently he attended Alt)erta College. Deciding to enter the engi- neering and consti-uction field, he then si)eut five years as an apprentice in masonry and concrete work. He pursued a course of study in tlie Provincial School of Architecture of Hamilton, Ontario, and is also a graduate of the Northwestern University at Chicago, Illinois. Entering the office of John II. Coxhead & Company of Buffalo, New York, he there gained practical exjieri- enee as general superintendent of construction. Among the buildings erected by the Frid-Lewis Company are the Kemp Manufacturing Company, the Con- solidated Plate Gla.ss Company and the McLauphlin Company warehouses, as W'cU as the Anthes foundry, the Young Men's Christian Association building and the new three-hundred-thousand-dollar department store of F. R. Mac- Millan at Sa.skatoon. In 1904, while residing in Chicago, Mr. Frid was united in marriage to Miss Annie Earl, who prior to her marriage was employed as a trained nurse at the Cook County Hospital of that city and was one of the Red Cross nurses during the Spanish-American war. Mr. and Mrs. Frid have three daughters and make their home at 902 Dorchester avenue, Winnipeg. Mr. Frid has fully demonstrated his thorough knowledge of the basic principles of his profession and his possession of excellent executive aliility and administrative control, and he stands today as a splendid example of the young, enterprising business men who in a large measure are furthering the wonderful development of Winnipeg. J. B. SUTHERLAND. J. B. Sutherland, a well known jeweler of Brandiin, who is successfully conducting a store at No. 904 Rosser avenue, is deserving mention as one of the enterprising and progres.sive young Inisiness men of the cit\'. He was born at iiarry, Ontario, on the 26th of Septeudier, 1882, and is a son of T. J. and Tillie Sutherland. The father, who for many years was a station agent on the Grand Trunk Railroad, passed away in 1897, at the age of fifty-five years, and is buried at Queensville, Ontario. He had long survived the mother, who died in 1887, and was laid to rest in the cemetery at Bradford, Ontario, which for manv vears was the family home. .1. W. KKIl) THE STORY OF MANITOBA 339 J. \i. Siithcflaiiil, w iu) was a lad of only five years wiieii his motiier passed away, was reared and ediiuated at Hradtoi-d, teriniualing his school days at the Hfre of tiiii-teen years when he grradiiatrd from tiie iioi-inal sehool there. Imiiiediatel\- thereafter he entered a local jewelry store whei'e he sei'ved an ai)])rentieeshii) of two years. Later lie went to Toronto and suhseciuently spent six years in the stoi'e of A. Kent & Sons, well known jewelers of that eity, his entire apprenticeship covering' a period of seven j'ears. From there he came to Brandon, having accepted a position in the store of J. F. Higginl)otham, who was then engaged in the jewelry busines.s at the very place where l\Ir. Sutherland is now located. He elifieicntly discharged the duties of this position for six years, at the expiration of wincli time lie was taken into partnership. They were a.ssociated together for a year, but Mr. Grose, who had taken the place of ^Ir. Higginhothani in tiie tirm, at the end of that time tiien withdrew ant! Jlr. Sutiierland has ever since conducted tht? business alone. In matters of religious faith Mr. Sutiierland is a Presbyterian. He is a member of the Canadian Order of Orangemen, antl the Knights of Pythias. He also belongs to the Brandon Gun and Commercial Clubs, while his political support he gives to the conservative party. .Mr. Sutiierland resides in Brandon Hardware lilock. He married in Brandon on January 1, 1913, Miss M. C. Powers, a daughter of Mr. and .Mrs. L. li. Powers of St. Catharines. Ontario. Although he lias but recently attained the age of thirty years he has made a commendable record during the brief period ol" his connection with the eoin- niercial circles of Bi-andon, where his friends prophesy for him a successful future. TIIE IIAXLEV, MACKAY, CHISHOLIM COIMPAXY, LIMITED. In 1898 three active, progressive and enterprising young men established themselves in business together in Winnipeg as commission merchants and importers of fancy dry goods. Today the Hanley, Mackay, Chi.sholm Com])any, Limited, is operating one of the important Inisiiiess houses in the city and the members of the firm hold pi-ominent |)laces in commercial circles. During the intei-val of time which elai)scd betwci'ii the beginning and the accomplishment of their success much hard work was done by the partners, who gave their enei'gies and attention to every detail of the business, developing, expanding, buililiiig up, studying conditions in order to be atile to recognize ojiport unities, and finally achieving prosperity as the owners of a large and intelligently man- aged enterprise. At the present time the tirni consists of Charles Hanley and John J. Mackay, Mr. Gerhardt having sold out liis interests in 1907. Charles Hanley, thi> senior partner, was born at ^Valkerton, Ontario, in 1860, a son of Richard and Catherine (Sweeney) Ilanley. the former for some years a i)rominent merchant in Walkei-ton. He has lately retii-(>d and resides on the I'acilic coast. jMr. Hanley was educated in the imblic schools of his native city and in the college at AValkerton and since laying aside his books has been constantly identified with the dry-goods liusiness. He began his inde- pendent life in Winnipeg, where he was employed in a retail dry-goods .store until 1898. when he made practical appli'-ntion of his exjierience by founding the Gerhardt. Ilanley, Mackay Company. In 191)4 Mi-. Ilaidey was united in marriage to Miss Kose Heringer. a daughter of (Jeoi'ge Ileringer. of Mildmay, Bruce county. Ontario. For twenty-live years previous to 19(19 Mr. Heringer was postinastei- of Mildmay and ])roininent in ditVereiit circles of the city. ]\Ir. and Mrs. Hanley have four ehildi-eii. The family reside at No. ,12 Fawcett sti'eet, Winnipeg. .Mr. Hanley is a iiieinlier of the Xorthwc-stern Commercial Travelers Club. John J. Mackay, who, together with .Mr. Hanh'y, organized the firm with which he is at present identilied, was born in Cndei'wood. Bruce county. 340 THE STOEY OF MANITOBA Ontario, a son of yh: and Mrs. James Maekay. The father was a farmer at Underwood and ilr. Maekay remained at home until he became comieeted with the Cerhardt. Ilanley. ^laekay Company in 1898. His duties at the present time consist in managing the affairs of the firm throughout Britisli Columbia and he has proved liis ability and efficiency l)y the results he lias obtained. He married in 1!Ii{;hly educated man. He went to Winuipe^!: as managing direetor of the Ki-d Deer Lumber C'omi)any, \vhi('h was then erecting new mills in northern Saskatchewan. Since that time he has been connected witii the lumber business in Canada and has gained a business success sutificicnt to compensate him for the brilliant future which he gave up in law. He remained with the Red Deer Lumber Company until 1906, when he sold out his interests and in partnership with G. H. Wall foi-med the Dutton-Wall Lumber Company, Limited. They erected a mill at (irci'nbush, Saskatciicwan, and are opei'ating retail luiid)eryards tlii-ou<_di(jut that province and Manitoba, with head offices at Wiinii])i'g. The firm manufactures its own lumber and tlispo.ses of it through its own yards, maintaining ten in Saskatchewan. ]Mr. Dutton was married in 1902 to .Aliss Blanche B. Blue, a daughter of Jesse J. Blue, of JMontpelier, Ohio. Mrs. Dutton died on March 18, 1912, leaving two sons. In social circles, too, Mr. Dutton is well known and he is welcomed everywhere for his genial and fi-ieiidly (|ualities. Wliile a resident of Chicago he belonged to the local Harvard Club and the Lo\al Legion of America and iu' is also a membei' of tiic iMauitolia Club and the St. Charles Country Club. He is an enthusiastic .lutomobilist and often gets away from bu.sincss worries and responsibilities and takes long rides through the country. In this connection he holds nuMubershij) in the Winnipeg and the Stonewall Automobile Clubs. These various social afiHliations have made him i)romiuent in the best circles of Winnipeg and he is well liked and i)opular wherever he is known. However, he is preeminentlj' a business man, educated both broadly and si)ecially and further trained by exj)erience. His conuuercial policies are upright, his metlioils progressive and his integrity unquestioned. Neverthe- less he lia.s kept his prosperity subsej-vient to the standards followed in its attainment and counts his success secondary in importance to the methods by whicli it has been eti'ected. CLARENCE KING. No public movement in Brandon whieh has for its object further nninicipal development along connnercial, political or educational lines ever lacks the support of Clarence King, editor of the Brandon Times. His public spirit is of the kind which is always active, ready and generally beneficial, and his jiosi- tion at the head of one of the leading newsi)apers in the city gives it the scope needed to nuike it truly effective. ]\lr. King is numbered among the citizens which (Jcrmaiiy has given to Canada, his birtli having occurred in Ki'ankfort, November 2, 1S79. He is the youngest son of the late William George and Ailelheid (M inner) King, the former being a native of London, England, and the latter of Frankfort, Germany. The family emigrated to Canada wiien the subject of this .sketch was three years of age. The father settled iu Manitoba in November, 1882, and after sjjending fifteen years in the pursuit of farming started in tiie newspa])er busine.s,s on a fairly large scale, becoming iu 1S95 the editor of the Patron's Advocate and later of the Independent, whieh he continued to publish until his death, which occurred .\iu-il 12, 1902. when he was almost sixty-one years of age. He is buried at Brandon. He is survived by his widow and four children, nanu-ly : Oliver, Walter, Percy and Clarenco of this review. Clarence King received his education in tiu' Brandon Collegiate Institute, which he left at the age of nineteen years, securing a teacher's position in the public schools. After one year, however, he joined his father in the news- paper business and soon founil in it an occupation entirely suited to his tasteii and talents. He continued managing the Brandon lndei)erident in a.s,soeiation with his father until the hitter's death and then a.ssumed full charge, conduct- 344 THE STOKY OF .MxWlTOr.A ing the .iournal until lie sold out liis interest in it. On Mareh 1. IDOo, he bought tile Braudou Times from E. L. Christie and has been editor of the paper ever since. The prominence and iiiiportanee of this journal affords ample illustration of the often mentioned "power of the press" and the excel- lent influence which the Times e.xerts upon public opinion in Brandon is a credit to the principles which Mr. Killer upholds, lie has made it a fine, modern journal and lie advocates through its columns all movements of sound charac- ter in the business, political, religious and educational life of the city. In this way he has made iiimself one of the dominating forces in local and i)rovincial public afi'airs. lu ltl02 he accoiiii>aiiicd the Hon. L. Borden,^ then leader of the opposition but now premier of Canada, on his first tour through western Canada, this distinction coming to him as one of the representative citizens of the section. In December, 1911, Mr. King was elected to the Brandon school board over Dr. W. L. Harcourt and since his election has introduced many matters of benefit to the city's educational interests. In January, 1912, Mr. King was elected a member of the council of the Brandon Commercial Bureau and he is vice president of the Brandon Horticultural Society. On July 11, 1904. ;\lr. King was united in marriage, in Brandon, to Miss Ina Arnett, a daughter of Lewis and Angelina Arnett, the former a ]u-oniiueut citizen of Brandon and Winuijieg, now deceased. "Mr. and Mrs. King became the parents of four children: Lilian; Katherine, who died May 17. 1912, and who is buried in Brandon; Kenneth; and Edith. The family residence is at No. 327 Sixteenth street. Mr. King is well known in local politics, being an independent conservative, and has done effective and able work Itotli as a journalist and as a public speaker. Agitating for improvement of the slaughtering of cattle in Brandon, Mr. King was appointed by the Brandon Board of Trade, with two other members, to deal with this important matter. He is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Mr. King is a true, modern journalist, the number of reforms which he has originated or championed lieing most creditable. In a position to influence public opinion, he never exerts his power for selfish or unworthy ends, working steadily for the progress and advancement of his city. ROBERT McBETH. The student of success cannot carry his investigation far into the records of JIanitoba without learning how indelibly is the name of McBeth impressed upon the pages of its history. In the year 1815 Robert McBeth, Sr., who was born in Sutherlandshire, in the Kildonan parish of Scotland, in 1800, came to Winnipeg with his father. Alexander McBeth, who was one of the Lord Selkirk settlers and had an interesting and eventful history ere he arrived in the new world, having been one of the men caught in the Black Hole of Cal- cutta and one of the twenty-three of that large number who survived. After reaching manhood Robert JIcBeth, Sr., engaged in farming and also conducted a general store where his son, Robert, now lives. He likewise carried on freighting between Winnipeg and York Factory, often superintend- ing all of his own boats and taking command of boats for others on these trips. His son Robert still has in his possession an ordinary looking-glass which he purchased for thirty pounds sterling and brought home with him. At the time that Sir John Schultz made his escape from the insurgents here he found refuge with Mr. McBeth who entertained him through the night and helped him on his way. Every phase of life on the frontier became familiar to ^Ir. ]McBeth when he traveled over the province or made his home in this locality. For many years he served as magistrate, receiving in 1862 a commission from the Hudson's Bay Company as justice of the peace. His decisions were strictly fair and impartial and many important questions came ROBERT JIcBETH KOBKirr M( I'.KATII. Sh. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 349 before him for settlement. He was also a member of the council of Assini- boia and after the rebellion sat with two or three others to try special cases. His landed posses.sious embraced al)out four hundred acres in lot 33 and ad- joining tracts and he also had some property further down the river. He was public spirited in an unusual dejrrcp. giving freely of liis time and means to further projects that were intended to advance the general welfare. i\Ir. McBeth was married in -Manitoba to ]\Iiss ilary JMcLean, who is said to lie the lirst wliite ehiUi l)oi-n west of the 85, and at the age of one year was taken to Columbus, Ohio, which city remained bis home until 1911, Having completed his preliminary education, he entered Cornell I'ni- versity at Ithaca, New York, which institution later conferred upon him the degree of Bachelor of Architecture. He was then as.sociated with Frank L, Packard, an architect of Columbus, until 1911, which year witnessed his arrival in Winnipeg. Here he embarked in business on his own account and has since maintained ofiSees in the Carlton building. He has already made creditable progress and won an enviable reputation as a representative of the architect's profession in W^innipeg and has been awarded contracts for several handsome residences, warehouses, churches and business structures. ^Ir. Hanford is a member and secretary of the Manitoba Association of Architects, the St. Ciiarles Country Club and the ]\Ianitoba Club. He has gained a creditable place in business circles for one of his years, and his many friends predict that a liright future lies before him. HON. T. D. CUMBERLAND. It cannot be denied that members of the bar are generally more important factors in public affairs than any other class in a community. This is the natural result of the ability and training which qualify a man to practice law and which also qualify him in many respects for duties which touch the gen- eral interests of society. A man who holds a prominent place among the mem- bers of the legal profession in Brandon county is the Hon. T. D. Cumberland, judge of the county court. He was born in Simcoe county, Ontario, Septem- ber 3, 1853, and is a son of John and Mary Cumberland, the former a pioneer farmer in Ontario and a lieutenant in the provincial militia, who died January 1. 1899, and is buried at Rosemout, Ontario. He had survived his wife since 1885. T. D. Cumberland received his education in the Weston grammar school in Ontario and at Queen's University at Kingston, graduating from the latter institution in 1875 with the degree of B. A. After teaching for one year in St. Catharines Collegiate Institute he determined to make the practice of law his life profession and accordingly pursued his studies along this line, being admitted to the bar of Ontario in 1881, In the same year he went to Winnipeg and practiced as a barrister for two years. His freedom from partiality, his broad view of every question and his well balanced intellect were qualities THE STORY OF MANITOBA 351 which were soon recognized and which led to his appointment in 189:5 to the position of jud^c of the county court of Hi'andon county, an office which he still tills. disclKiiging his duties ably, efficiently and with a sense of conscientious obligation. In Winnipeg, September 8, 1884, Mr. Cuiiiliciiand was uniti-d in niai'riage to Miss Helen Wallace, a daughter of Mr. and ilrs. Andrew T. Wallace, the former a retired gentleman residing at St. Catharines. Mr. and 'Sirs. Cumber- land have three children: ]\Iary, the wife of W. A. Georgeson, a wholesale grocer of Calgary, Alberta ; Alice, the wife of Dr. C. P. Templeton, of Bran- don ; and Andrew J., a student in the Brandon Collegiate Institute. The family are members of the Presbyterian church. .Mr. Cumbci-laiul is prominent in the affairs of the Brandon General Hos- ])ital. in which he takes an active interest, being a director of the controlling board. Socially he belongs to the Brandon Club. The .Manitoba bar entertains a Very hiirli opinion of the integrity, dignity, impartiality and strong common sense which mai'k ]\lr. CuiidnTland's chai'acter as a .iudge and a man. lie is po.ssessed of excellent traits of character, is sincere and outspoken, and firm in the discharge of his duties. He has gained a high place in his profession by hard work and by evincing his ability to fill the position entrusted to him. LOriS LINDSAY RAMSAY. (i. R. Oregg & Compan.v, Limited, importers of Japanese, Chinese and Eurojiean silks and wares, are operating one of the most prominent and im- portant business enterprises in Winnipeg and by virtue of this fact the policy of the house has its influence upon the treiul of commercial expansion. Neces- sarily, therefore, the men who are prominent in its affairs are valuable and influential, chosen for their ability, their business instinct and for definite accomplishment, since they to a large extent dominate and control the policy of the eomi)any. One of the most trusted and reliable representatives of the firm is Louis Lindsay Ramsay, who has been manager of the Winnipeg branch since 1908 and who has been identified with the interests of the company in other capacities for over twelve years. He is known as one of the most able and successful business men of the city and this recognition has come to him because his success is tangible and important, being evidenced by the remarkable expansion and development of the enterprise under his charge. Mr. Ramsay has been in .Maidtoba for sixleen years, but was born in Glasgow. Scotland, in 1878. He was educated in the i)ublie schools of that city and later at the Red Cliff Endowed School at Bristol, England. In 1896 he left his native countiy and, crossing the Atlantic, settled in Manitoba, where he farmed for four years before coming to Winiupeg. lie located in this city in 190(1 and since that time has been connected with G. K. Gregg & Company. Limited. In 1903 he was sent to Vancouver, British Columbia, as traveler and assistant manager of the Vancouver brandi office and remained there for five years. Returning to Winnipeg in 1908. he was appointed manager of the Winnipeg branch and has since continued in this capacity. G. R. Gregg & Company. Limited, conducting one of the largest importing houses in the province, have iiecn in existence many years. The business was established in Winnipeg in L897 by George R. (Jregg, who for some time previous had been emphned as commercial ti-aveler with hea(i(|uarters in the city. He was a man who recognized opjiortuiiities and the character of his work i>ut them in his way. Seeing an excellent market thi-oughout Canada for imported Jajianese silks, he started in 1897 selling these goods from samples, establishing his office in the basement of the old Ryan building. At first his statT consisted of one helper, but the rapid growth of his business .soon .iustified expansion. Gradually he extcniied his mai'kc ts, iin|)<)rtinir more goods and 352 THE STORY OF :\IAXITOi;A beconiiug interested in Chinese and Enrojiean wares and adding departments of faney chinawarc. novelties, mattingrs and rugs. In 1904 lie moved his main offiee to Toronto and lias since maintained it in that eity. Pursuing constantly liis first policy of justifiable expansion, he founded branch offices at Wininpeg and Vancouver and liuying ortices at Yokoluinia, Japan, and llongkcnig. China. The firm of which he is at the head is the largest buyer of Japanese and Cliiuese silks and linens in Canada and carries an enormous stock of these goods, l)esides mattings, rugs, Chinese sea grass, rattan furniture and Japanese wares and curios. I\Ir. Gregg, an able business man. has given his personal supervision to the development of the enterprise and his business methods are worthy of study and attention. He knows men and selects the important officials in his business with care and by reason of merit. The managers of liis branch stores have been promoted from the ranks of employes and advanced to positions of responsibility and trust, having faithfully ])roved tiieir efficiency. With the promotion goes a share in the stock of tlie concern and a directorsinp in the company. Even tlie managers at Yokohama and Hongkong ai'c no exce[)tion to this rule. That L. L. Ramsay has been given the position of manager of one of the important offices in Canada is proof positive of his business sagacity and definite accomplishment and there is evidence enough of his fitness for the office in the fact that he has discharged his duties ably. Under his manage- ment the business done by the Winnipeg ofiices has increased in volume one hundred per cent. Its markets have expanded to include all of iManitoba, Saskatchewan and western Ontario and tlie working staff has been increased to fourteen, with four traveling salesmen. Much of the credit of this great expansion and development is due to the energies and efforts of Mr. Ramsay, who has been constantly active in the interests of his employers and whose unusual business ability has been exerted for the promotion of his own pros- perity and that of the company with which he is connected. In 11)07 Mr. Ramsay was united in marriage to i\Iiss Robina Reid Law, a native of Manitoba, and they have three children. Robert Louis. Charles Law and Jean Mcintosh. The family reside at No. 501 Newman street. Winnipeg. A prominent figure in business and social circles. Mr. Ramsay is a member of the Northwest Commercial Travelers Association, the United Commercial Travel- ers Association and the Business Science Club, and through these mediums comes in contact with men who are well informed upon the commercial conditions of the country. ARCHIBALD A. McARTHUR. Archibald A. McArthur, whose life displayed all that is admirable in con- duct and character, was at the time of his death a member of the board of control of the city of Winnipeg, having been elected for a fifth consecutive term, while in business circles he was at the head of the JIcArthur Grocery Company, Ltd., located at No. 728 Logan avenue. He was born in Lobo, Middlesex county, Ontario. April 24, 1845. a son of Archibald and Christina (Campbell) McArthur. The father was one of the sturdy and enterprising citizens which Scotland has given to Canada in such great numbers. He came to the Dominion in 1819 and settled in Lobo township, where he was one of the successful farmers of pioneer times. Gradually he became well known in public affairs and in a.ssoeiation with Thomas Kaberhill. of the same township, was one of the firet municipal officers elected by the people under the first municipal act created by the iipper Canada legislature. The later years of his life were spent in retirement in Lobo township, and during the entire period of his activity in this section he was prominently identified as a leader with political and social interests of the community. He died in 1854. His wife, who in her AKCHIMAI.I) A. MiAKTlirR THE STORY OF JIANITOBA 355 maidenhood was ]Miss Christina Campbell, was a native of Inverary, Scotland. She came to Canada at an early date and was there married to Archibald JIcArtliur. Archibald A. McArtliur, of this review, was educated at Komoka Seminary and after laying aside his books began farming. He owned what was known as the Balmoral Farm and gradually acquired a national reputation as an expert stock-breeder. He farmed in ^Middlesex county, Ontario, until 1882 and then came to Winnipeg. His first exhibit as a breeder was made at the Canadian Exposition held at Ottawa in 1879 and he was there awarded eight grand prizes and four medals, these being presented to him by Princess Louise in the senate chamber of the Parliament building. For three years he exhibited at the state fairs in Jlichigan and Illinois anil at the World's Fair at St. Louis, Missouri, wiuninir the highest awards in every place. At the latter exposition the prizes were presented to ^Ir. ilcArlliur by the governor of Mis.souri at the Planters Hotel. From 1888 to 1891 he was manager of Sir John Lester Kaye's mammoth farm at Gull Lake, Assiniboia. but eventually became connected with the mercantile interests of Winnipeg as founder and head of the McArthur Grocery Company, Ltd. In this connection he built up a business of large volume, establishing his interests upon the safe basis of enterprise and com- mercial integrity. While tlius engaged he also took an active and forceful interest in civic affairs. He served as alderman from 1905 to 1908 and in the latter year was electeil a member of the Winnipeg board of control and was returned to this ofKce in 1912 for the fourth time. He was one of the strong supporters of the plan to locate the city's jiower plant at Lac du Bonnet. As long as the matter was in question his position was unfaltering and although his opponents attempted to defeat him as alderman of the Fifth ward in that year his popularity with his constituents is shown by the fact that his majority was over one luiiulred and sixty-seven votes. Since the first investigation as to the mcst adequate location for the water plant jMj-. JIcArthur has always been one of the strongest advocates of Shoal lake, which he considered would furnish the most permanent and satisfactory water supply. All during the fierce battle which was fought in September. 1912, when many of the advocates of the cause faltered I\Ir. ilcArthur held to his own convictions unwaveringly and finally, to the astonishment of many but for the eventual benefit of all, he was successful. His work in support of this question alone would permanently establish him among the representative and valued publie officials of Winnipeg, j'et he continucil to labor untiringly for the organization of a board of water supply for the city whose duty it shall be to oversee the construction and com- pletion of the project. At Melrose, ^Middlesex county. Ontario. December 5. 1872. Mr. McArthur was united in uuirriage to Miss Sarah Ann Gustin, a daughter of the late Eliphalet Gustin, a pioneer miller of western Ontario, who was for a number of years in business at Victoria, Norfolk county, and later at Kilworth, on the river Thames, eleven miles from London, Ontario, where he resided for many yeai-s. ^Irs. McArthur was born at Kilworth, Middlesex county, Ontario, Jlay .5, 1844, and is a relative of the late Chief Justice Fuller, of the United States supreme court. Mr. and .Mrs. McArtliur had a son, F. J. G. McArthur, B. A., LL. li., a prominent barrister of Winnipeg, of whom more extemleil mention is made elsewhere in this work. Mr. JfcArlhur of this i-eview was prominent in traternal circles mid was a past worshipful nuisfer of the JIasonie lodge. He was also affiliated with the Ancient Order of United Workmen. It is almost iinpossil)le to estinuite the value to the city of the work which he accomplished as an official. His puldic spirit was made etVectivc to its highest degree by his aggressiveness, pei-severance and patience which made him one of the dominating forces in the upbuilding and development of municipal affairs. He i-anked high in the regard of every resident of tiie city as a uuin who stood for a progressive policy, looking to the best interests of Winnipeg. The coutidenee and esteem of his fellow townsmen 356 THE STORY OF MANITOBA caused them to give him their unswerving sup))ort while lie sat in the council, and on the board of control he directed tlie progress of the city. Jloreover, he was esteemed as a man of sterling integrity, possessing the fine Christian quali- ties that hind man to man in ties of sympathy and trust. His death was not simply a i)rivate hereavement hut a jiuhlic misfortune. One of the aldermen said of him: "The death of Controller .Me Arthur, although not altogether unexpected, comes as a great shock to me. Dui'ing the two years 1 have been in the city council 1 have learned to gi-eatly respect the veteran controller. I was particularly struck with his willingness to help any new aldirnum to get onto the ropes of the civic government. His readiness to support anything that was advantageous to the masses and to the good of the city as a whole was apparent all the time. I am exceedingly gratified that Controller McArthur's great iileal of a visible water supply has been accepted by the council and the entire population of our city. It is particularly sad at tiie present time, when there was every prospect of his ideals being fully realized, that deatii should overtake him. The best remembrani'c we can give to his name is the immediate const ruet ion of a visible water supply and naming after him the first sub- station constructed, thus letting his name go down to our children as the one who first and always advocated that supply." There was not a member of the city council or of the board of control that spoke of him except in terms of high praise and warm regard. His death will be veiy keenly felt by the hundreds of civic servants who knew that at his hands they would obtain justice and consideration. He was indeed a worthy public official who was no less honored in private life than he was in his political connections. GEORGE F. WILLIAMSON. During the ten .vears that George F. "Williamson has resided in Brandon he has been conspicuously identified with its industrial life and growth and his energies have contributed largely to general commercial activity. He was the organizer and is the managing director of The ^Manitoba Engines. Limited, and has built up a modern institution from a small machine shop which he operated with one assistant. He was Ixirn in Brooklyn. Ontario, October 8, 1870, a son of T. N. and Mary J. Williamson. The father was a well kuown pump manu- facturer at Orangeville and is now living in Brandon. George F. Williamson received his education in Owen Sound, Ontario. He laid aside his books at the age of sixteen and was for one year thereafter employed liy the surrogate court. At the end of that time he was obliged to travel on account of failing health and for four months he sailed the Great Lakes. Returning to Ontario, he became bookkeeper for a Mr. Barclay, a manufacturer of various utensils, and held this position for two years, after which he again traveled, journeying this time into almost every part of Canada. After two years of this life he went to Orangeville and there assisted his father in the pump business. His energies were thus early directed along this line and his natural mechanical ability made him successfid in it. He became an expert mechanician and engineer and only left his father's shop to accept the appointment of city engineer of Orangeville. which jxjsition he held until he came to Brandon. Here he liought the Imsiness operated by the Manitoba Pump Company and owned by his father and Dr. McDiermid, which he o])erated until February, 190.3, w'hen he organized the ManitoVta Windmill & Pump Company, Limited, and built his plant on Ninth street. It was an unpretentious estah- lishment, but with characteristic energy Mr. Williamson set himself to work to develop and expand it. In 1912 he increased the capital stock, being justified in so doing by the increased volume of business, and at the same time he changed the name to The Manitoba Engines, Limited. It is the largest coneern of its kind in western Canada and has developed along normal lines of growth into THE STORY OF MANITOBA 357 a prospcrovis and modern enterprise, ortVrino; employment to seventy-five people. Several new and port'eutly equipped buildings have been added to tlie plant and further expansion is eontemplated in the near future. The institution stands as a monument to ilr. Williamson's energy, enterprise and business instinet and in its eomi)leted state will be one of the finest and most important factories in the city. On November 16, 1893, Mr. Williamson was united in marriage to Miss Ella Shiekls, a daughter of Mr. and i\Irs. Robert Siiields, of Orangeville, Ontario. The lather was one of the old settlers in that eity and for many years did able anil effeetive work as chief of police. i\lr. and iLrs. Williamson have three children: Frank, who is a student iu the Wheat City Business College; and .Margaret and Mary, both of whom attend the public schools of Brandon. The family belong to the Methodist church and reside at No. 451 Third street. Jlr. Williamson is independent in his ixilitieal views and votes for the man whom he considers best fitted lor the position without regard to party affilia- tions. He is Well known in the ^lasonie order, hohling membership in Tweed lodge. He occupies a very pi'ominent i)()sition in business circles of the city, his judgment being sounti and iiis discrimination keen. In tiie course of his ten years' residence he has aided materially in the upbuilding and advancement of Brandon and in his private interests has so managed his affairs that he has made steaily and substantial progress. PHILIP WALKER. Philij) Walker, of Winnipeg, a memliei- of the firm of Grose & Walker, Limiteti. dealers in builders' supplies and speei;dties, was born in Staffordshire. England, in 18 Presbyterian church. ^Ir. Gargett has a place upon the Brandon Board of Trade and is inniibered among the most promising young business men in the city. There is every rea.son to believe that his advancement will come as quickly in the future as it has in the past liecause the cpialitics which promote it are broadening and developing year by year. ARNI EGGERTSON. Ami Eggertson, a successfid reiiresentative of real-estate interests in Win- nipeg, lias thus been engaged in business for the past eight years, maintaiidng offices in the M(dntyi'e block. His birth oicnrred in Ireland on the Sth of May, 1873, his |)arents being Eggert and Sigridnr Jonsson. who wi're likewise natives of that country and are both now deceased. The father followed farming as a life work. Arni Eggertson. who was one of a family of thirteen children, came to Winnii>eg about the 1st of Aug\i.st. 1887, and entered the employ of a French- man at Selkirk, receiving twenty dollars at the en Manitoba College board from its organiza- tion, was a member of the advisor}' board of education for the province of Manitoba, was a member of the university council and was secretary of the board of studies of the university for years. In 1909 he resigned his position in connection with ]\Ianitoba College, the successful development of which was due in large measure to his efforts. It is said that as an instructor of the classics bis Versatility was practically unlimited. He was master not only of Greek and Latin but also of French and took great deligiit in making his studt>nts feel the power and influence of the great Greek and Roman wi-iters. Even in higher mathenuitics, usually more or less distasteful to the zealous clas,sieal scholar, he was deemed an authority. His pupils had for him the greatest love and admiration for he took a keen personal interest in each of them. The influence which he exerted over the educational development of the province cannot be measured. He was one of the founders of the ^Iniitoba University and through- out his life he studied to make the systems of instruction of practical value. Wiiile he was a most jirofountl scholar he was also a man of broad sympathies .-ind wide Icandiig wiio always spared time from more exacting study to keep informed on the i)ul)lic matters of the day. Dr. Hart remained an active worker in the Presbyterian church through almost two generations. He acted as moderator of the synod in 1889 and for ovei- thirty veal's he was convenor of the synod's foreign mission committee, and was very closely connected with all iiussionary work anumg the Indians from its inception. His knowledg(> of th(> |)ers(uniel of the st.-dV of the Indian schools was still very wide and intimate u|i to the lime of bis death. One of the strongest characteristics of Dr. Hart was his unfaltering devotion to his family ami friends. He is surviveil by his widow and a son. \)y. Wijlium 368 THE STORY OF MANITOBA M. Hart, who is medical siipcriiiteiident of tlie Saskatchewan Tuberculosis Sanatorium. Two dau5,'hters of the family have passed away ; Beatrii'e, who died in 1888; antl Mrs. J. S. Scott, in 1903. At his passing the press and the pulpit united with the public in speaking words of eulogy and appreciation of the life and work of Dr. Hart. One said: ""To any penson in trouble he was a most sympathetic and helpful friend. The province of ^laniloba is very nnich his debtor for he toiled unselfishly for many years on its educational advisory hoai'd and on the university council." Another wrote: "His char- acter was Christian in a sense rarely met with — of a gentle, unselfish and sympathetic disposition. He was much loved and a great sorrow indeed has come to tho.se who have had the priviletre of enjoying intimate fellowship with him. In departing from the scene of his life work he leaves behind him a memory fragrant with goodness." At the funeral service in St. Stephen's church, one of his fellow workers in the tield of Christian activity, His Grace, Archbishop IMatheson, said: "It is not a custom of mine to give an address upon a solemn occasion such as this — in fact I cannot recall an instance where I have done it before; liut my long and close friendshi]i with l)i-. Hart jirompted me this afternoon to respond to the invitation to say a few words and to pay a loving tribute to a dear friend. For forty years 1 had the privilege of being very intimately associated with the late Dr. Hart in the educational and religious development of this country, and I had the rare privilege of being affectionately associated with him in a friendship that deepened with the rolling years. In the early years of this country, wIhh ihe ]iopulation was very scarce and the number of workers in educational, social and religious affairs was few, we were drawn very closel.v together and the tie that bound us together was a very tender and very dear tie. AVhen he look back into memory's mirror those associations and those days are very i)recious. One after another the loved figures of those days have gone away from us and we look and we see as shadows the memories of that dear time. Many new associations have been made and many new friendships contracted but none to compare with those. There was something unicpie about those friendships and one of the choicest spirits animating those days and pulsing so winsomely through those associations was the beautiful si)irit of Dr. Hai-t. You know there are some men that we honor, that we admire and that we pay homage to ; but there are other men that we love and Dr. Hart was one of these. And if we imiuire as to the reasons why we loved him they are very many. First of all he was in the truest and best sense a gentleman — and I break the word in two — I say a gentle-man. I think it is a wholesome saying that 'The true Christian is God's gentleman.' Dr. Hart is that. Gotl's gentleness made him great. He seemed to make you feel an atmosphere, a sort of circumambient influence, such as you find referred to in the well-known passage in Corinthians. I have been with Dr. Hart in the stress of discussions and debates and I can see him in my mind's eye this afternoon, rising with that genial smile and that wave of the hand that reconciled difi'erc nces and banished controversy. Not that he had no opinions of his own. He had the strongest possible convictions and lived right up to them. But, as I have said, he was a gentleman and if there was any consideration to be given to an adversary, Dr. Hart always gave it. Another thought that came to me, another characteristic of our dear friend, was his great modesty. Dr. Hart, as you have already been told, was a great scholar and a thorough classman. He knew Latin and Gi'eek exhaustively, was a proficient French scholar — and yet, with it all, there was that beautiful modesty. His learning never intruded itself, never made any display, but when it was wanted it came into requisition. And I can bear testimony this afternoon to the splendid service that his high intellect and his culture gave to the educational interests of this country, because I sat with him as examiner and member of the advisory board for many years. Lastly I would like to refer to one feature of his character that often touched me very tenderly, and that was his deep and broad sympathy. It is easy to weep with those that THE STORY OF MANITOBA 369 wi't'p but not always easy to rejoice with those that do rejoice. Dr. Hart not only {iavc licautifiil and true sympathy to those that were in sorrow but his sympathy went out to those that were glad and he laughed with them. One can never I'orget that irenial look in his eye when he said 'I am glad.' and gripped you by the hand when some hapjiincss had come to you, and there was a genuineness in his words. What matie him, above all men (I think I can .say so advisedly), the one that people wanted most when they were in trouble? It was his deep sympathy. It was not what the man said or did but just what he was that gave him that tender touch aiul that kiiuUy word. I would like to say in conclusion that our community of \Yinnipeg is the poorer by the passing of our dear friend, even as it was the richer by having had the quiet influence of that tieautiful life — that life that pa.ssed down to the great ocean of eternity just like a (piiet, stili-tlowing river, amid all the stress and rush bud bustle of our western life. ;\Iay our prayer this afternoon be the prayer of the book that belongs to all Christians: 'Let me die the tleath of the righteous, and let mv last end be like his.' " JAMES MOORING. James Mooring, who for fifteen years has been chief engineer of The Bran- don Electric Light, Limited, was born in Xorthamptonshire. England, on .N'ovember !•. 1S66. and is a son of James and Eliza flooring. The family for many \ears resided in Toronto, where the father, who was an engineer, passed awa.v in 11104 and was laiil to rest in one of the local cemeteries. He was survived by the mother and eight children. The boyhood and .youth of James .Mooring were i)a.ssed in the parental home, and his education was acquired in the public schools of Toronto, which he attended until he was fifteen years of age. He then laid aside his school books and began his apprenticeship at the mai-hinist's trade. L'pon the eom- jiletion of his jieriod of service, he came to IManitoba, accepting a position as engineer with the Kelly Milling Company, in the employ of which he remained for eight years. He then i-esigned his position to liecome chief engineer of The Brandon Electric Light, Limited, assuming his duties in this connection on May 1, 1S!)7. At Brandon on the 22d of September. ISill. ^Ir. Mooring was inari'ied to Miss Louise Lewis, a daughter of William Lewis of Mount Forest, Ontario. Of this marriage have been born three children: William, a tinsmith in British Colundiia; and Louise and Ernest, who are attending school. The family residence, which was erected by Mr. Mooring, is located at Xo. 1631 Lome avenue. Fratern;dly Mr. Mdoring is affiliated with the Indeptndent Order of Odd fellows and the Independent Order of Foresters. He also holds mendiership in the Manitoba Association of Stationai'y lOngineers. He is one of the fore- most rei)rescntatives of his vocation in the city, and is especially well adajited to the duties of his present position, as is substantially evitleneed by his long period of service in that connection. J. F. CUMMINCI. J. F. Cuuuiiing is the senior partner and manager of the tirni of J. F. Cum- ming & Comiiany. dealers in fuel an largest retail dry-goods store in Brandon and employs over one hundred people constantly. The establishment occu|)ies three stories and a basement and has all the aspects of a modern metropolitan institution. On J.une 17, 190S, Mr. Johnston was uniti'il in nuirriage to Miss Eva bloody, a daughter of Jlrs. M. J. Moody, of Hidgetown, Ontario, and they luive two children, Elizabeth .\. and Edmond R. The family reside at No. 454 Eighth street and are well known in social circles of the city. They are nu-mbers of St. Paid's I'resbyterian church, of whicli Mr. Johnston is busines.s manager. Mr. Johnston gives his allegiance to the conservative party but never .seeks public ofliee. He is interested in outdoor sports. Iicing a firm believer in the value of physical efficiency. He did belong to the Braiulon Football Club which 374 THE STORY OF MANITOBA for some years was the champion club in Manitoba. Fraternally he is a past master of the ilasonic Lodge, No. 19, A. F. & A. JI., a member of 4he Lodge of Perfection and a past grand of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, besides being a retired captain of the canton. 11 r is also a member of the Board of Trade. lie is a true business man and has all the qualifications I'or success in a business tield. Being able, he has achieved success and being forceful and aggressive, he has retained and intensihed it. Starting in a comparatively minor position he has steadily worked his way upward to the vice presidency of a large and rapidly expanding concern and to a high place in business and social circles. EDGAR J. TARR. Among the younger representatives of the ilanitoba bar is Edgar J. Tari', of Winnipeg, who was born in Ottawa, Ontario, in 1881, a son of N. S. and Elizabeth (Ryrie) Tarr, natives of Devonshire, England, and Ontario respec- tively. For many years the father engaged in merchandising in Ottawa but is now retired from active biisiness. The mother has passed away. At the usual age Edgar J. Tarr entered the public schools of his native city and afterward attended "Woodstock College and later ^IcMastcr University, from which he was graduated in 1902 with the degree of B. A. In the fall of the same year he came to Winnipeg and as a student entered the law offices of Macdonald. Haggart & Whitla. That firm directed his reading until 1905 when he was called to the bar of ]\Ianitoba, and was admitted to a partnership by his former preceptors, the firm being now ]\Iacdonald, Sullivan & Tarr. In Toronto, Ontario, on the 29th of September, 1908, Mr. Tarr was united in marriage to ^liss Kathleen A. Burke, a daughter of Edmund Burke, one of the leading architects of Toronto. JOHN D. ATCHISON. John D. Atchison, of Winnipeg and one of the foremost architects of western Canada, was born in ilonmouth, Illinois, in 1870, a son of Nathaniel and Eliza- beth (Dauley) Atchison, who were natives of Ohio and Pennsylvania respect- ively. John D. Atchison was educated in the public and high schools of Chicago, after which he attended the Art Institute of that city, pursuing a course of study along lines that fitted him for the profession which he is now following. When his school-days were over he entered the office of W. G. Bartield. with whom he eontinvied for three years. He also spent several years as a student and assistant in the office of W. L. B. Jenney, of the well known firm of Jenney & Jlundie. When it was planned to hold the World's Columbian Exposition and offices were opened for the prosecution of the project, he entered the architectural department, working on the plans for the buildings until completed. He then returned to the firm of Jenney & Mundie, with whom he continued through the succeeding two years and in 1895 he engaged in business on his own account. He was successful through the decade in which he followed his profession independently in that city. He was called to Winnipeg in a professional capac- ity. His efficient work at that time, together with the opening this city seemed to offer one in his line, caused him to locate here permanently in July, 1905. He has gained for himself an enviable position as a leading architect of this city and as such designed the Great West Life Insurance building, the Winni- peg General Hospital, the Union Trust building, the Boyd building and a num- ber of other office buildings as well as residences aud churches. During the last few years, however, his work has largely been confined to commercial build- THE STORY OF MANITOBA 375 ings. Mr. Atchison lias designed a nuniher of Imilclings at iloose Jaw, iiicluiHiiusiness houses in the province. lie is president of the ^lanitoba Linseed Oil Company, i>resident of the Marble & Tile Company of Canada, vice president of the Xorthem Canadian Mortgage Company, and president of the Canadian Motor Company, Limited, all of Winnipeg; secretary and treasurer of the Calgary Paint & Glass Com|>any of Calgary; and secretary and treasurer of the Edmonton Paint & Gla.ss Comi>any and a director of the Alberta Moi-tgage Company, both of Edmonton. He holds the same position with the Marlin-Senour Company, the Notre Dame Investment Company and the Hicks Construction Comi>any, all of Winni])eg, and is also a member of tiie council of the Winnipeg Board of Trade and belongs to the ^lainifacturers Association of the eity. In military circles, too, Mr. I'aterson is well known and prominent. He served as lieuteiinnt of the Forty-third Regiment, the Duke of Cornwall's Own, 376 THE STORY OF MANITOBA of Ottawa, in 1890, ami from lf)02 to 1907 was captain of the Xim-tictli Regi- ment of Winnipeg. He served as major of the Eighteenth Mounted Rifles of Winnipeg and at the present time is lieutenant colonel of the Thirty-fourth Regiment, Fort Garry Horse, of the same city. In 19U7 Mr. Paterson was united in marriage to Miss Lily Drewry, a daugh- ter of Eiiward L. Urewry. ami they have two chiklren. Both Jlr. and ;\Irs. Paterson ai'e well known and popular in social circles of the city and Mr. Pater- son holds nicmhersiiip in the Manitoba and the Country Clubs and is treasurer of the Lake of the Woods Yacht Club. A man in the prime of his career, active, progressive, energetic and able, well educated, distinctly successful, he stands as a woi"thy representative of the best type of modern business man. ROBERT HOSIE. One of the thriving and more recently establislied industries of Brandon is the Calladon Machine Boiler Works founded l)y Robert Hosie and located at No. 353 Russell avenue since April, 1911. He was boru in Glasgow, Scotland, May 9, 1866, and is a sou of James and Lizzie Hosie, who emigrated to America many years ago, settling in Loudon, Ontario, where the mother still resides. The father, who was a plumber, followed his trade until his death, which occurred on the 15th of March, 1910. Robert Hosie, who w'as only a child when he accompanied his parents on their removal to America, was educated in tlie public schools of London, Ontario, which he attended until he was a lad of fourteen years. Laying aside his sclioolbooks he then learned the boilermaker's trade, which he followed as a .journeyman for some yeai-s. He was a skilled woikman and subscciucutly became a foreman, holding this position in various works until he engaged in business for himself. As he is thoroughly familiar with every detail of the trade, and is a practical business man of good judgment and reliable methods he has met with a gratifying degi-ee of success in the development of his plant, and is being accorded a large and highly desirable patronage. At London, Ontario, on the 3d of June, 1889, Mr. Hosie was united in mar- riage to Miss ]Mary J. Hughes a daughter of John Hughes. In the family of Mr. and yirs. Hosie were six children : Andrew J., nuinager of the Saskatche- wan Insurance Company at Regina and assistant manager of the Alberta Ca- nadian Insurance Company of Edmonton ; Arthur D., ledger keeper of the Cen- tral Canadian Insurance Company of Brandon ; Walter, who is attending the Park school ; and Evelyn and Gordon. One child, Zoula died at the age of four years and is buried at London, Ontario. The family live at No. 2304 Ross\lr. P>dtrecoiiil)e is a conservative and to a large extent interested in local politics, being always active in his supjiort of movements looking toward the further develo[)ment of the city in which he resides. He is a prominent Orange- num and luis l)cen through all the chairs of the Loyal Orange Lodge and the Royal Black Knights. He holds mendiership in the Canadian Club of Winni- peg, being one of the charter members of that organization, and also belongs to the Adanae Club, being popular and well known in social circles of the city. His interests are varied, his nnnd liberal and his tolerance broad. The energy and effort which went into the accomplishment of his success have had their etfect upon his character, making him resour<-eful, indcjiendcnt and progres- sive, the type of business man who is a valualile addition to any community. W. .1. YOUNG, For tifteen years W. J. Young has been the pi-oprietor of a grocery store located at No. 837 Kosser avenue, Biandon, where he is doing a thriving busi- ness. His birth occurred in Uerlin, Ontai'io, on the 2r)th of November, 1863, and he is a son of William and JMargarct (Mcintosh) Young. The father, who was also a grocer, died in 1808; the motiier, however, .survived until 1900. They are both buried at Berlin, Ontario. "VV. J. Young, who was a lad of onlv five years when his father died, olitained his education in the public schools of Berlin. At the age of tifteen he terminated his student days and went to Walkerton, Ontario, where he otitained a i^osition in a grocery stoi-c. Having resolved to permanently identify iiimself with this line of business, he felt the need of a broader knowledire and subse(|uently went to the larger city of Toronto, where he continued to clerk for several years. His next removal was to l^randon. where he was idenfitied with the firm of Strome & Whitelaw until 1891. Having acquired suflicient capital to enable him to oi)en a store of his own, and feeling that his knowledge of the business and of flu' (U-inciples of salesmanship would eiuible him to profitably develop such an enterprise, he estalilislied a grocery store in the Nine Hundred block of tl'.e .street wlwre he is now located, .\fler conducting this establish- 378 THK STORY OF MANITOBA ment for a time he disposed of it and subsequently opened the store he is now operatino:. Jlr. Young carries a large line of staple and fancy groceries of a superior quality and as his store is neat and attractive and his prices reason- able he has built up a good trade. He conducts his store in accordance with modern coiiunei'cial nu'tliods and in the development ot' his interests has adopted a policy which commends him to tlu' confidence of all who have transactions with him. Brandon was the scene of Mr. Young's iiiai'riagc on the 4th of January, 1893, to Miss Fidelia Beaubiere, a daughter of Thomas Beaubiere, who built the Beaubiere Hotel. To Mr. and Mrs. Young have been liorn three sons and a daughter, as follows: Clarence D.. who is fitting himself to become a locomo- tive engineer ; Stanley R. and Hugh A., who are attending school; and Alice. Tlix' family home is located at No. 400 Fourth street, where !iMr. Young luis erected a very pleasant modern residence. In matters of religious faith the family are Presbyterians. In i)olitics ;Mr. Young is a conservative. He is highly respected in Brandon as he is a diligent and enterprising man of business, while in matters of citizenship he is public- spirited and progressive. -JAMBS M. CARRUTHERS. The prosperity of any community, town or city depends upon its com- mercial activity, its industrial interests and its trade relations, and those who stand at the head of such enterprises are therefore numbered among the build- ers of a district. The Crescent Creamery Company holds a distinctive place not only in the business circles of Winnipeg but of the entire Dominion, being the largest combined dairy liusiness in Canada, and as its general manager and director James M. Carruthers needs no introduction to the readers of this volume. He is a native of the province of Quebec, born near ^Montreal, on Nov- ember 9th, 1872, his parents being ^Villiam and Margaret (ilacNaughton) Car- ruthers. The father, a farmer by vocation, was for a number of years a mem- ber of the local council of the community in which he lived and was a director of the Farmers ]\Iutual Insurance Company in Chateaquay, retaining that connection until the time of his death. In the schools of his native county James JI. Carruthers ac(|uired his early education, which was later supplemented by a eour.se in the II\iutingdon Academy of Huntingdon, Quebec. Reared amid the busy activities of rural life he early became familiar with the duties that fall to the farm lad, and, deciding to make the dairy business his life work applied himself to the mastery of that line of business in all of its various details. Practical experience first came to him as an employe of the firm of MePherson & Ferguson, owners of the Allen Grove combination of cheese factories in Chateaquay county, and later he went to Montreal, where he became identified with Croil & MeCul- lough in their milk and liutter Imsiness. Believing himself by that time well enough e(|uipped to engage in the business on his own account, he in 1900 came to AViiuiipeg and has since continued a resident of this city, giving his at- tention entirely to the dairy industry. In 1904 in connection with R. A. Rogers he organized the Crescent Creamery Company, of which today he is tiie gen- eral manager and director. The business had a very small begiiniing, Mr. Car- ruthers starting out with but one man to assist him. but from its inception its growth has been rapid and most remarkable. In 1906 they removed to their present location at 85 Lombard street, where they erected a small building having a frontage of only forty feet. The increase in the volume of their bus- iness, however, was so great that from time to time they Vere compelled to add to their original building, until today their plant covers a large ground space, with a frontage on Lombard street of one hundred and fifty-seven feet. JAMES M. CAi?i;rTiii:i,> THE STORY OF MANITOBA 381 They now employ on an average oT two hundred people, and the output of their i)l;int has been inereased to eover milk, butter, lee cream and cheese. Something of the extent of their trade is indicated l)y the fact that they employ eighty-four wagons alone in the delivery of their milk, supplying about twenty-three thousjuid families in Winnipeg, while fifteen other wagons are used in the delivery of their other products. They have branch offices in Brandon, Claudelioye, Latellier, Oak Island and Steinbach, and today the Crescent Creamery is the largest comljincd dairy business in the Dominion of Canada, a fact which stands in incontrovertible proof of the excellent business a])ility of the men at its head. As its general manager Jlr. Carruthers in large measure directs its policy and superintends its business, and to his in- dcfatigalile etforts is due in large degree its wonderful success. He is known throughout the country in connection witlr this line of activity and for a number of years was a director of the Manitol)a Dairy Association. In iy03 Mv. Carruthers was united in marriage to ^liss Annie E. Gi-ant. of (jlcngarry county, Ontario, and to them have been born two sons, James Gor- don and William Grant. The family reside in an attractive home at Xo. 664 ^IcMillan aveiuie, which is a favorite resort with a large circle of friends. Mr. Carrutiicrs holds mend)ership in Assiniboine Lodge. No. 114, A. F. & A. M., and he has ever i)roven himself an exem|>lary mendjer of that craft. Attract- ive social ijualities have made him pojjular with a large number of his associ- ates while the i)osition which he has nuuie for himself in Wiuuipeg's business circles is most enviable and creditable. Few more richly deserve the proud title of a .self-made man and his record, portraying as it does the gradual de- velopment of a farm boy thi-ough various stages of advancement to a eom- nuuiding i)Osition in the largest enteri)rise of its kind in the Dominion, forms an interesting chapter in a history of Winnipeg's representative citizens. THOMAS ALEXANDER CRERAR. Tiiomas Alexander Crerar. president of the Grain (Grower's Graiu Company with otilices in the Keewayden building, in Winni[)eg, was born in Huron county, Ontario. June 17. 1876. He is a son of William S. and :Margaret (McTavish) Crerar, natives of Ontario. His father was for .some years a prominent farmer anr manufactur- ing business, of which he was the chief owner. He abandoned this line in order to accept the office of manager of the Rus.sell Farmer's Elevator at RusselL In that year he was elected president of the Grain Grower's Grain Company, Ltd., and took up his residence in Winnipeg, still serving in this position. This company is a .ioint stock company, composed entirely of farmers who are oi^eratiug in the provinces of Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta. Hereto- foi-e it has been engaged in the general grain commission business but in 1912 leased one hundred and seventy elevatoi's from the Manitoba government, the ultimate aim being the cooperative handling of fai'm pi'oduets and t'arni neces- sities. Mr. Crerar has also other important iutei'ests in Winnipeg but they are all along lines affiliated witli the grain industry. Some time ago the (irain Gi-ower's (Jrain Company, Limited, assisted the Gi-iin Grower's Association in 382 THE STORY OF JMANITOBA (ii'ganiziiig tlu- Pulilic Press, Liinitcil. wliii-li publishes the Grain' Grower's Guide, the oflfieial organ of the association. This jiaper has a weekly circulation of thirty tiiousand copies and its territory is rapidly expanding. JIuch of its success and prosperity is due to the able management of Mr. Crerar. who is president of the Public Press, Limited. He is also a director in the Home Bank of Canada. Mr. Crerar married in Solsgirth. ^Manildba. .January :n. 1906. Miss Jessie Hamilton, and they have one daughter. Dorothy Anna. "Mv. and Mrs. Crerar are members of the Presbyterian church. In fraternal circles j\Ir. Crerar is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and was the noble grand of the lodge at Russell. He is a member of the Canadian Club. In politics he is progressive in his tendencies and a stanch advocate of the initiative 'and referendum and a firm believer in free trade and the raising of public revenue by taxing land values. By virtue of his position he is an important factor in the agricultural and b\isiness life of the province. During the tive years of his service in his jii'esenf caiiacity the atfairs of the Grain Grower's (irain Company. Limited, have been so ably admin- istered that he has proved himself equal to the heavy responsibilities which rest upon him. HUGH A. :McKIXNON. Tliirty-three years ago Hugh A. McKinnon came from his native province of Ontario to Manitoba, linding it for the most part a wilderness — undeveloped. As the years passed the province grew' and expanded along every line, cities were built np, farming sections exploited and colonized, railroads constructed and the region became one of the most prosperous parts of the Domiuinn. .Mr. McKinnon has had the good fortune to witness this advancement and to assist in it by his work along business lines in various localities, and he has achieved during tlie years a prosperity which places him in the front ranks nf i)rogres- sive and resourceful business men. For the last seven years he has been in the real-estate business in Winnipeg and has here carried forward his useful work of development. A native of Ontario. Mr. McKinnon was born in London, in 1852, a son of Neil and Isabelle (IMacIllravie) IMcKinnon. The family is of Scotch origin and was founded in America by the grandfather of the subject of this review, who came from Scotland to New York state in 1805. He owned a large tract of land at Jlasonville, New York, but lost his jiroperty owing to his loyalist convictions and in 1818 moved to Canada, settling in Ontario. Tlie father of our subject came to the province of Ontai-io in the same year and is numbered among the earliest settlers near Streetsville. Hugh A. McKinnon acquired his education in the public and high schools of Caledonia, Ontario, but in 1867 removed to Ottawa, where he was employed as a clerk. In 1879 he came to "Winnipeg, where he was employed as timekeeper by a contracting firm which was then building the Canadian Pacific Railway. In 1886 he abandoned this occupation and went to Deloraine, where he opened a general store — the first in the section. This enterprise he sold in 1891 and bought land in the Deloraine district, whicli he developed and improved, also conducting a general store until 1905. when he returned to AVinnipeg and estab- lished himself in the real-estate business. His familiarity with the resources and conditions of the province, his knowledge of land values and his general business ability have united as factors in his quick success. His business has expanded and developed along all lines, ^Ir. JIcKinnon making a specialty of buying and selling farm lands and city property and meeting with a hiuli degree of success in both departments. In 1893 Mr. I\IcKinnon married Aliss Alartha S. Leggett, a daughter of Ben- jamin Leggett, a farmer of the Deloraine district, who came to Manitoba in THE STORY OF MANITOBA 383 1882. Mr. and Mrs. McKinnon have two sons and two daughters, who reside with their parents in an attraetive liome at 627 Spenee street. For many years Mr. -MeKinnon lias been a iiieniber of the Inih'peudent Order of Foresters l)iit beyond this luis no fi-alernal affiliations, jjrel'ei'i-ing to devote his entire time to his business affaii's. IK- is liiglily respeeted in this part of ilanitoba, wliere he has lived for so many years ami where he has been aetive in tlie support of many wortliy eauses. Throughout a life of honest seeking after the greatest good, of quiet work along developing lines, lie has assisted materially by his business activity, and iudireetly by the standards he maintains, in promoting the growth of the province and has furnished an example well worthy of emulation. GEORGE E. CLE.MENT8. George E. Clements, former superintendent of the Ilanbury Manufacturing Company, Limited, held that position from 1!H)I) until he resigned, meeting with conspicuous success in the discharge of his duties. He was born at Hen- ley on Thames, England, October ">. 1)S74, and is a .son of Charles and Eliza Clements, both of whom live in England. He received his education at the Koyal Grammar School, at Henley on Thames, and laid aside his books at the age of sixteen, becoming identified with his father in the contracting business. Their association continued until 1902 when George E. Clements came to Can- ada, settling first at Toronto, where he acted as chief draftsman with the firm of Jones Brothers & Company, manufacturers of interior fittings. This i)osi- fion he held until he came to Hrandon in 1!)0!I, and was successful as super- intendent of the Ilanbury Manufacturing Company until his resignation. On September 2ll. lilO-l. Mr. Cleiiieiits was united in marriage to Mi.ss C. Neal, a daughter of Mr. and Jlrs. J. II. Neal, of Toronto, and they have one son, Austin Lloyd George. The family reside at No. 155 Second street and are well known in social circles of the city. ilr. Clements is independent in his political views, voting always according to his personal convictions. He is a member of the Anglican church and lu-om- inent in the alVairs of the Loyal Order of Moose. His success has by no means 1 n a matter of mere oi)portuiiity. It has come to him through energy, labor and iierseverance, directed by honorable business in-iiiciples and it has gained for him a high i)lace in industrial circles of the city. CllAKLES K. FKA.XTZ. Specialization is the ground work of success in modern business and is one of the factors in the iirosjierity of Charles l\. Frantz. geiiei-al manager of the steam-heating department of the Brandon electi-ic light iilant. Since he was eighteen years of age he has been connected with some aspect of scientific heating and laid the foundation of expert knowledge along this line by detailed stud.v and practical experience as a workman. He is thoroughly vei-sed in every phase of his occupation and has the business ability which has brought him advancement and made him capable of di.scharging his important duties in an effective and jirogrc.ssive way. He was born in Clarence Center, New ^'ork. August 20, 1,SS2, and is a son of Cliarles A. and .\ugusta Frantz. His lather was a builder in Eric {•ounty. New York, and followed Ibis oceuiiation nnfil bis dealh in liMiS. He is buried at Clarence Center, New York. His widow resides in Locki)orl in tlie same state. Mr. Frantz attended school in Clarence Center, and when he moved to Lock- port pursue(l his studies in the high school, gradual inu from that institution 384 THE STORY OF MANITOBA when lie was eighteen years of age. He immediately began learning the pipe fit- ters trade and completed a detailed course in the various aspects of this occupa- tion at Youngstowu, Ohio, learning by practical experience every phase of pipe manufacturing. In 1902 he went to Detroit as foreman for the American Central Heating Company, to superintend the installation of the steam heat- ing i)lant for the Central Heating Comjiany of that city. This work occupied some time and it was not until Jamiary of the following year that he accejjted a position a.s assistant superintendent of the steam heating department of the Central Heating Company and this office he held until August 1, ]91(), when he came to Brandon as general manager of the steam heating department of the local electric light plant and has acted in this capacity since that time. An administrative ability combined with his special knowledge has made him rapidly successful and he is upon the pathway which leads to prosperity. On December 31, 1907, j\Ir. Fraiitz was united in marriage to j\Iiss Lillian ]\Iurray, a daughter of i\lr. and ilrs. John JMurray, the former a well known tlour miller and farmer of AVoodslee. Ontario. The family reside at the Avenue Mock on Txosser avenue and have many friends in I'l'andon. They belong to the Presbyterian church. Mr. Frantz is too absorbed in bis business affairs to give much time to fraternal or political affairs, his connection with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows being his only affiliation of this kind. Because his methods ai'e new and progressive and his energj' directed along lines of advancement he has won a distinct place in business circles while still a young man and the methods and standards by which it was attained assure the continuance of his i)rosperity. ROBERT BULLOCK. Robert Bullock, who for many years was prominently identified with those lines of activity which most closely alfeet growth and development, is living retired in his beautiful home in Selkirk, enjoying the rewards of a long, active and useful life during which siiccess and prominence have been worthily won and well used. He was born November 30. 18-16, in Cornwall, Ontario, and remained in that vicinity until LSTo. In that year he started for Manitoba, coming to the province over the Dawson route in a wagon drawn by horses. He was twenty-eight days on the wa.y from Toronto to Selkirk and when he arrived was obliged to contend with the primitive conditions of pioneer life. His goods had been sent by steamer and over the freight routes to this section and when they arrived Mr. Bullock established himself in the general merchandise bus- iness, in which he was rapidly successful. He made skillful use of his un- usual opportunities, expanding his interests with the growth of the section and graclually becoming connected with every enterprise of any imjiortance in this district. He was a charter member of the company which organized and built the electric road, was on the board of directors of the Southeastern Rail- road, which eventually became the Great Northern, and was for many years a director of the Land & Investment Company. From time to time he invested in land and now has large holdings in the Selkirk district as far north as Hudson's Bay and west to Swift Current. He has also extensive holdings in city property in Winnipeg and his various interests yield him a comfortable income which has enabled him to spend his later years in honorable retirement. Mr. Bullock was married in Fargo, North Dakota, to iliss Jessie R. McDermot, of Winnipeg, a daughter of Charles, and granddaughter of Andrew ilcDermot, one of the pioneer settlers of that city. They have one daughter, Dorothy E.. now the wife of Russell ]\I. iMcLeod, of Winnipeg, by whom she has two children. Dorothy Evelyn and Ross MacKenzie. Mr. Bullock has never neglected his duties of citizenship and was captain of the Fifty-ninth Battalion, Company No. 5. lie was connected with the i;iiin;in' nri.i.t" k THE STORY OF MANITOBA 387 first couiiiil of St. Aiidruws and lias l>rfii town counselor in Selkirk for a nuiiiher of years. Witliout any special advantages at the outset of his career lie has steatlily worked his way upward to success. He has made good use of his time and opportunities and justly merits the prosperity which places him among the representative and influential men of his community. JAMES ROBERT JONES, -M. H.. M. I)., M. C. P. S. 0., L. R. C. P. Dr. James Robert Jones, one of the leading physicians of Winnipeg, has here practiced his profes.siou continuously for more than three decades. lie was born in Toronto, Ontario, and in the acijuirciiicnt of an education attended Toronto Collegiate Institute, Toronto University and the Toronto School of .Medicine, being graduated from the last named institution in 1878. Sub- seiiuently he spent nearly four years in post-graduate work at Loudon, Eng- land, being qualified a L. R. C. P. in 1879. While in the world's metropolis he was appointed house physician of the London Hospital and later was appointed superintendent of the Hospital for Women in Soho square, London. In 1881 he came to Canada and located in Winnipeg, which city has since remaineveil to the warehouse at 92 and 94 .\rfhnr street — a building erected for the comiiany by Mr. (lault of Montreal. It was one of the finest structures of this character in the iit.\ , beiiiir fifty by ninety feet in dimensions, six stories 390 THE STOKY OF JIANITOliA higli with a basemoiit. and iniuipped with all facilities necessary to handle the increased volume of business done by the company every year. In liUO, when C. J. Brittaiu came to Winnipeg: as manager, he found that the business had outgi-own even the Arthur street premises and that the company was forced to carry stock in outside warehouses. In the fall of the same year, therefore, the property upon which the present jilant now stands was purchased and in the spring of liHl the new warehouse was started. It is a modern, well equipped building, one hundred and seventeen feet by one hundred and seventeen, built of reinforced concrete, with Jlenominee brick facings and ti'rra cotta trinuniugs, and is splendidly equipjied in every jiarticular. The business has developed to such an extent since that time that in addition to this fine warehouse the company purchased three acres of outside property, erecting thereon a track warehouse for the storage of railway supplies and traction and portable engines for farm use. The territory covered by the Winnipeg branch includes all of the province of Manitoba and the .southwestern part of Saskatchewan. The Winnipeg branch of the Canadian Fairlianks-IMorse Company, Ltd., has grown in eleven years to be one of the most important liranchcs of this large concern. Much of the credit for its splendid growth and renuirkable development is due to its manager, Charles J. Brittaiu. who is in every par- ticular a keen, acute and far-sighted business man. He was born in Liverpool, England, and came to Canada when he was a young man, starting in business in the Dominion as a dealer in brass and ii-on goods, in Toronto. In 1900 he became associated with the Fairbanks Company as traveler and soon gained recognition at headquarters as one of the most reliable and forceful men in the employ of the company. In recognition of his alile services he was selected, in 1901, to open the Toronto liranch and came from there to Winnipi'g in 1910 as manager of the office in this city. Since that time he has given his entire time to the development and further ujibuilding of the company's interests and in so doing has gained for himself a high place among the leading and representative men of the city. In 1901 ilr. Brittaiu married IMiss Ethel Myers, a daughter of Dr. Myers, of Toronto, and they have one daughter. The family residence is at No. 394 River avenue and both Mr. and Mrs. Brittaiu are very popular in social circles. While a resident of Toronto Mr. Brittaiu held membership in the National Club of that city and in Winnipeg is a member of the Manitoba Clul). The force of his ability and the power of his business di.scriinination are evident in the results he has accomplished during his two years as manager of the Winni- peg branch. Lender his direction the concern has made substantial growth and is now one of the largest manufacturing enterprises on the American continent. Mr. Brittain is an important figure in business circles, not so much by virtue of the position w'hich he occupies as by reason of the integrity', industry, execu- tive force and ambition l)y which he achieved prosperity. ANDREW E. REA, Sr. Andrew E. Rea. Sr., is at the head of the firm of Rea & Company, wholesale dealers in grain, flour, feed and apples, and in his commercial relations is a true type of the modern progressive business man, working with steady purpose along lines of advancement to ultimate success. He has been ideiititied with his present enterprise at No. 619 Rosser avenue, since 1885, and in tlie twenty- seven years of his activity has won steady and increasing prosperity. He was born in Kingston, Ontario, October 12, 1846, a son of Thomas and ^Margaret (Trotter) Rea, natives of Ireland. They came from County Fermanagh in 1827 and settled in Kingston, where the father followed the contracting and building business for a number of years, erecting, while in the employ of Sir Alexander McKenzie, all the towers on the Fort of Kingston. He also built a THE STORY OP MANITOBA 391 numlH'i- of clmrclics in that city and the structurL'S are stauding today as an evidence of his artistic skill. Andrew Kea received his education in the pulilic schools of his native city and was graduated from the Kingston higii school at the age of eighteen. Later he entered the military academy and received a second-class certificate from that institution. For some years after he laid aside his books he followed the sea, under his uncle. Captain Andrew Kea, and then returned to Kingston, where he remained a short time. Eventually he went to the Leadville (Colo.) mining camp, wiiere he spent seven years, meeting with considerable success. lie was obliged to Work very hard below and above the surface, but gradually became intei'ested in several mines and gained a comfortalile fortune in gold, silver and lead. After a siiort visit to his iiome in Kingston he again deter- mined to journey west, but stopped on his way at Brandon in order to visit friends. He never went farther, postponing his departure from this city from time to time until he grew interested in its business advantages and established a permanent home. He became identified with the wholesale grain, tlour, feed and a|>i)]e business and opened his store at No. 619 Rosser avenue in 1885. Under liis able management the business has expanded rapidly and his firm is now numbered among the important wholesale establishments of the city. At Kingston. Ontario. ;\rr. Kea w;is unit(>d in marriage, June 24. 1886, to Miss Irene Orser. a daughter of ilr. and Mrs. .Manuel Orser. of Sydenham, Ontario. To Mr. and Mrs. Rea has been born one son, Andrew E., Jr.. who is six years of age. The family home is at No. 315 Lome avenue. Mr. Rea is a liberal in his political beliefs and is a member of the Methodist Epi.scopal church. He is the oldest Mason in western Canada, having been for thirfy-si.\ years a Master Mason. j\Iost of his time and attention is given to the numagi'inent of his business. He is a business man of that keen and able tyiH' wiiicli is i'e])resentative of the best commercial princijjles. understanding local trade conditions anil their effect upon his particular intei'ests. Ilis ability makes his knowleilge effective and has lirougiit him a substantial measure of success and a growing prominence in commercial circles. BENJA.MIX \V. CALinVELL. -Mthniigli there has been nothing spectacular in the life of Benjamin \\'. Caklwell, he is none the less deserving of mention among the representative citizens of Carberry. As a member of t!ie firm of Caldwell & Garland he is one of the proprietors of the largest department store in the city, and is winning that advancement in his business career which is only achieved through inde- fatigable energy and the pursuit of a well detinetl purpose. He is of Irish lineage but is a native of the province of Ontario, his birth having occurred in Huron county, on the 24tli of October, 1881. Ilis ])arents are William J. and Sarah Caldwell, inoneei' settlers of Ilui'on county, where the father has long been engaged in farnnng. Benjamin W. Caldwell was reared at home in very uuudi the same manner as other country lads. His education was obtaineil in the tlistrict schools, which he attended until he was a youth of seventeen years. At the end of that time his te.\t-books were laid aside and for tiiree years thereafter he assisted his father with the work of the farm. Having decided upon a com- mercial career, he subsequently obtaineil a clerksiiip in a general store at Hensall, where he was employed for two and a half years. In 1903, he came to ^Manitoba fi'om Tort Arthur. Ontai-io. at which ]>oint he bail spent the sum- mer, arriving here in the month of November. Soon thereafter he obtained a clirUsliip in a general store at Broadview, remaininsr there until Fetu•ua^J^ In the latter montii he came to Carberry and went to work for "\V. G. Murjihy, but six montlis later hi- resigned this position to become salesman for T. K. 392 THE STOKY OF ]\IAXIT01?A Brough. IIo rctaiiu'd lliis ek'rkship until the store was sold to R. J. lloiiper, who conducted the hiisiuess alone for a year and at the end of that time took Mr. Caldwell into partnersliii). It was eoutiuued under the liriu name of K. J. Hopper & Coniiiany until Mr. Caldwell pui-ehased the interest of his partner. He was the only person interested in the business from that time until Auiiust. 1911, when ins father-in-law, Wright Garland, went into part- uershiji with him. They carry a large and well as.sorted stock of general mer- chandise, which they oft'er at reas()nal)!e prices, and as they condui't their l)usi- uess in an lionurable and straightforward maMiier, are accorded a large and constantly increasing patronage. Hoth iiienihei's of the firm are well known in local business circles, and have established a rei)utation as men of integrity and reliable methods. On the l-4th of x\.pril, l!)t)!), Mr. Caldwell was united in marriage to Miss Irene Garland, a daughter of Wright and Emily Garland, who are mentioned at greater length elsewhere in this work. Our sul)ject and his wife iiave become the pai'cnts of two daughters. Olive and Doi-is. Jlr. and Mrs. Caldwell belong to the Methodi-st Episcopal church and he is fraternally affiliated with the Masonic order, having taken the degrees of the blue lodge. He is also a Yeonum. He is a member of the Carl)erry Board of Trade and he gives his political support to the conservative party. Mr. Cald- well owns his residence. He is one of the enterprising and progressive citizens of the community, toward the development of whicii he contributes by giving his cooperation to every movement which tends to promote its moral, intellectual or material welfare. B. I). WALLACE. A man of varied interests, all of which have been effective forces for good in the upbuilding and tlevelopment of Brandon county, is B. 1). Wallace, nui-sery- man, agriculturist, stock-lireeder and man of affairs, with offices in the Wallace block, on Eleventh street, in the city of Brandon. He is a native of Ontario and a sou of one of the prominent pioneers of that province, and was born in Huron county, January 10, 1861. His parents were Thomas and Anne Eliza- beth (D'Arcy) Wallace, the foi-mer one of the first farmers in Huron county. He lived for many years in Wallace township, a district named in his honor, and died in that section in ISSl), having survived his wife by two years. Both are Iniried in the Zion cemetery in Wallace township. In their family were eight children besides the subject of this review, namely: John, who is en- gaged in farming in ]\Iinto township, Wellington county, Ontario; Thomas, who is operating a farm in Huron county; William, a retired merchant of Toronto; Wesley, a retired farmer residing at Sault Ste. Marie; Elizabeth, the wife of Robert Roe. a landowner of Pickford, ^Michigan ; Margaret, the widow of James Stephenson, who was a landowner residing at Fordwich, Huron county; Christiana, tlie wife of ilelviue Stockton, a prominent land- owner of Harrison, Ontario; and Emily, who married Oakman Roe, a carriage manufacturer of Pickford, ^Michigan. B. D. Wallace attended the public schools of his native section and laiil aside his books at the age of -twenty. He had, however, previous to this time aided his father in the farm work. He remained at home until he was twenty- eight j^ears of age and then liegan farming independently, becoming -rapidly successful. He followed the latest and most approved methods, studying agri- culture as a science and, being a graduate of (-iuelph Agricultural College and one of its first pupils, he applied his knowledge in practical farming. Grad- ually, as opportunity arose, he added to his holdings, purchasing judiciously and with an eye to future value, until today he is one of the most extensive landowners in this part of the country, owning two thousand acres in three n. I). WALLACIC THE STORY OF MANITOBA 393 provinces. I'lJOii liis farm near lirandon lie has steadily carried forward the work of inii)i-oveiiient, making the proiterty modern and attractive in every l)artieular. I'lwn it lie raises higii-grade eatlle and horses, and has attained more than local prominence as a raisci- of registered Shorthorns. He also has a nnml)er of standard bred Clydesdale horses. Moreover, he is a fancier of standard bred trotting and pacing horses which he breeds, and for the past five years has been ])resident of the Brandon Gentlemen's Driving Club which is one of the best conducted institutions west of the Great Lakes and has done iiuxcli to foster the breeding of high-class hoi'ses. These, however, are only some phases of -Mi'. Wallace's varied activities. Since 1002 he has become extensively interested in the nursery business, being the owner of the Island Park nur.series at Portage la Prairie and director of the Spring Park luirseries. His otiiccs are in the Wallace block in Brandon, a tine row of otlfice buildings which Mv. Wallace erected some time ago. Since coming to JIanitoba he lias little by little expanded his interests, investing from time to time in local enterpi-ises which his business instinct told him to be of rising value. Ilis business identifications are now extensive. He is a directoi- in the Pioneer Loan Company, with offices in Brandon; a stockholder in the Occidental Fire Insuraiic(> Company of Walmanissa. and a stockholder in the Canadian Guaranty & Trust Company-. He keeps in touch with the treiiil of modci'ii coiiiini'rcial development by his membership in the lirandon Commercial Club. At Ilowell, Ontario, on the 20th of Kebruary, 1S8;). :\lr. Wallace was united in marriage to iliss IMelissa Farrand, a daughter of Charles and Jlelissa Far- rand, the former a pioneer grist and sawmill owner of Ontario. The parents are both deceased, the father being buried at Santa Barbara, California, and the mother in Salem cemetery, Wellington county, Ontario. "Slv. and i\Irs. Wallace have one daughter. Elva .Alildrt'd, a graduate of the Brandon Collegiate Institute. The family residence is at No. C41 Victoria avenue. Fraternally Mr. Wallace belongs to the Independent Order of Foresters, the Knights of Pythias and the United Commercial Travelers. He is in- tlependent in his political views, voting for the man whom he considers most capable without rcgai'd to party affiliations. He served as alderman for four years, during which time he did able and effective work. He also has for many years been a director of the Agriculture and Art Association. During the period of his I'esidence in Manitoba he has without doubt been one of the great- est individual forces in the later commercial dcxfloinnent of Brandon. Being foi-tiinate in his ability to recognize and use o])i)oi'tuiiities. he has gradually- become connected with enterjirises which most importantly effect the treiul of expansion and, being able and alert as a business man. his influence has been steadily constructive and progressive. .ioll.X ISinCK W.VLKKK. The lixcd and unalterable pui-jiosc pursued under all circumstances, in season and out of season, with no shadow of turning, is the l)est motive power a man can have. Such a purpose has ]>ermeated tiie life of John Bruce Walker, whose record jiroves that the dynamics of the human will can overcome any diniculty. Perhaps no one individual has had as great and direct influence jipon the settlement and consei|iient developiiK'nt of Manitoba and western Can- ada and as the result of the ability which he (lis]ilayed in former connections he is now occu]>ying the imi)ortaiit position of commissioner of emigration. He was was born in Troon, Ayrshire, Scotland, December 1:?, 1861, and is a son of .\ndrew and Jeannie Crosbie (Bruce) Walker. His education was acquired in the place of his nativity and in the celebrated Ayr Academy, where he made a brilliatit record as a student and won ei|ually great distinction in athletics. vi n- IS 396 THE S'ruKY UF -MAMTunA A place on the international football team is coveted liy every Seoteh athlete and this honor was won in 18^S2 hy John Bruce Walker when he helped his native laiul defeat tlie Knjrlisli team. His ojiinions came to he lararts of ICngland and Scotland and to some extent of Ireland were visited and the subject of farming conditions in the Dominion was i)resented to the peopl(\ Jlr. Walker proved himself erpnil to an emergency. When he found that weak-hearted and easily discouraged men were returning from Canada, giving unfair accounts of the country, he not only .iiiswei'ed the lies which were ajjpearing in the ]uiblie press liut also devised tile i>lan of writing to the eilitor of the pajiers in which such lies apiteared aiKl olfei-ing him, on Iiehalf of the miiusti'r of the interior, a free trip to the Dominion with oidy one condition attached, that the writer, after seeing the country, should tell the whole truth and nothing but the truth. As a result of such an olVei- there aiipeared in the newsiiajiei's of Great Britain column after column lauding the country which the editors had visited. That he had studied the question from every possible standpoint was further indicated 398 THE STORY OF .MAMTUDA by the faet that he iliscouragod the eniipratioii of men and women from the factory centers ami those who were paupers in tlieir own country, knowin"; that tile former liad no love of nature and outdoor life, while the latter would prohahly remain poor in new surroundin'jrs a.s tiiex' had amid tlie old. It was his rejiort upon this question that largely shaped the i)resent Dominion i>olicy of emigration. His work brought him into contact witii such men as Charles M. Hayes, Donald D. Mann and Sir Thonuis ShauRhnessy, with wliom he dis- cussed the emigration question, and he also had the unqualified confidence of Lord Strathcona, the great empire builder. The result of JNIr. Walker's efforts in London and his comprehensive knowl- edge of every phase of the eniigi-atioii (|ueslion led tlie goveriiinent, early in 1908, to recall him to AViiniipeg to take the (losition of eoiamis.sioner of emi- gration as the successor of J. Obed Smith. When he came to this city he con- centratetl the energy and insight which he had displayed in London upon the solution of the questions relating to the distribution of the emigrants among the Canadian people and already his labors have become a force in nation i)uild- ing in the west. A contemporary biographer has written of him : "He is genial, kindly, enthusiastic. He knows the value of the newspaper and among the joiii-nalists has a host of friends. Tri'espective of party lie supiilies them with the latest immigration notes and th(> reporters leave his office with a feel- ing that they have in him a genuine friend. Distintnushed students of Canadian affairs and writers from foreign counti'ies invariably visit him. when they learn more about the Dominion in one hour than they would in weeks of observation and interviews with the ordinary citizen. Unfortunate immigrants have always a kindly word and helping hand from him, which also proves that Bruce Walker is in every way a man, a big man, a force for righteousness and patriotism." 'Sir. Walker was niarried to Jliss IMary Alice Will, of Brant eounty, Ontario, and they have one daughter. His religious faith is that of the Presbyterian church and his social connections are represented somewhat by his membership in the Manitoba Club and the Greenock Burns Club, of which he is a leatling representative. He is widely recognized as a fine platform speaker and is often called upon on social occasions, where his eloquence and his wit always hold the attention of his audience. The extent and influence of his work cainiot be overestimated and his career has been an honor to the country wiiii-h has honored him. WILLIAM WELLB.\XD. The history- of William Wellband is one which in many respects is worthy of emulation. L'nfaltering courage and determination have enabled him to overcome difficulties and obstacles which would have i;tterly discouraged many a man of less resolute spirit, but more than that he has throughout liis busi- ness career displayed a high sense of honor and business integrity that has gained for him the admiration of all. He w-as born in Spalding, Lincolnshire, England, July 12, 1846, and his educational opportunities were somewhat limited, but experience and observation have practically annihilated this lack in early years. His father, Thomas Wellband, was an expert shoemaker who was considered the finest artisan in his line in London. It was under his direction that William Wellband learned the trade which he .subsefiuently followed for many years in Winnipeg. Thomas Wellband was united in mar- riage to Catherine Rush and they became the parents of seven children of whom five are living: Helen; Sarah; Charles, who makes his home in Winni- peg ; William ; and Harry. William Wellband came to Manitoba as a volunteer from Peterboro, Ontario, in 1871. with the Ninetieth Expedition Reaimcnt nnder Captain Scott. The command proceeded by boat to Thunder Bay and while there the men lost WIMJAM WKI.1,1!AM> THE STORY OF MANITOBA 401 their cook. Mr. Wellband volunteered to cook several oxen to be used ou the march ou which they were to start the succeeding day, althoufrh he had uever done any cooking before. The regiment resumed its inarch, proceeding to Manilla, a dist.uice of sixteen miles, and the following day marched twenty-two miles through rain and snow, camping at Shebandewan. There Mr. Wellband was again called upon to cook more bullocks. He did not regai'd it as his duty to prepare food for the expedition all the time but finally consented and the meat was cooked and packed in sacks for use on the march. Their next lauding jjlace was Stanation Island, where Mr. Wellband was ordered to remain with supjdies, staying at that point for about two weeks. He after- ward went by sleigh to Hircli river and thence to Winnipeg, arriving here in the latter part of December, thoroughly worn out and hungry after a most difficult and arduous journey. He has always said that he enjoyed his first meal in this city more than any he had ever had. That night he went out to the fort to sleep. The officers called him in the next morning and told him that the}' wished to show tlieir appreciation for the valuable service which he had rendered the troops on the trip. He replied that the thing he wished for most was a furlough .so that lie could go to work in Winnipeg at his trade of shocniaking, as there was no shoe shop in that city. He was therefore granted a two months' furlough and he entered the employ of Thomas Hughes but incidentally did some work in making boots for the captain and others of the regiment who were so well pleased with the result that they induced Mr. Wellband to open a shop at the barracks, providing him a room for that pur- pose. He spent some time there, after which he purchased a lot on ilain street from Mr. Champion for five hundred dollars, built thereon a store, which he occu- pied, and worked at his trade. In those early days he continued to work in his uniroi-iii — the soldier's helmet, the old red tunic and the dark pants witli the strip down tiie legs. He did not care to purchase other clothing, having plenty of clothes and goods on the way which in due time arrived. Mr. Wellband prospered in his new undertaking and as his financial resources increased he bought city real estate and land but during the boom here in 1882 he lost everything, turning over to his creditors all that remained to him of his property. Even then there remained an indebtedness which the most streiuious labor and utmost economy enabled him to pay off in ten years. It lu'vcr occurred to him to do other than this for his honesty made it imperative tiiat he discharge the financial obligations resting upon him. He expresses his gratitude, however, to Slieritf Iiikster who only presented one account at a time foi- iiayment. and this gave him a chance to meet all of iiis indebtedness in due course. At length he was once more financially free and with a name untarnisiied. He finally managed to save five hundred dollars, notwithstanding the fact that he was the victim of a fire in which iu' again lost everything. The five liundri'd dollars which he at length accumulated wa.s invested in a piece of properly ou llain street, for he realixed that if he was to continue in business lie must liave a good location and lie still owns this iiroperty and has refused sixty thousaml dollars for it. He finally managed to meet all of the payments uitoii his lot and in the course of the \ears (levelo])ed an extensive biisines-s, continuing for a long period in the conduct of the largest and best shoe house not only in Winnipeg but in the province. .Many men of less resolute spirit would have given up in despair years before. With unfaltering per.severanee and strong purpose, however, he continued in the face of difficulties and ol)stacles and fouiul the result of his laboi- and his lionesty in the conduct of tlu> most extensive shoe trade in the city. He remained a factor in commercial circles here until \W0. when lie sold out to his nephew, ('. W. Wellband. and i-etired. In the meantime he had laid the foundation for a still inei-fasimr fortune in bis judicious invest- ments in propei-ty in Norwood and othiTs of the best residential sections of the city. He now gives his atti'ution to looking after his property and his sarden where he finds enjoyment in tiie care of choice vegetables and experimentation with fruit trees. 402 THE STORY OF MANITOBA' ilr. Wellband is a IMastcr llasou and t'xeini>li(ii's in his life the beneficent spirit of tlie craft. lie lias long been actively interested in the growth, prog- ress and development of the city and his intluence is always on the side of improvement. There are few men who have more justly won or deserve a higher reputation for business integrity and honor. He is the only survivor of tiie four men whose contributions made ]iossible the building of the first Congregational church editice in Winnipeg, and although he is not a member of the church, lie is an attendant antl has been a contributor for years. His jtath has never been strewn with other men's foi-tunes and though he has encountered ditticnlties anil obstacles he has always followed constructive mca.surcs. his course commending him to the confidence, high regard and admiration of all who know him. FREDERICK JOSEPH GUSTIN McARTHUR. Frederick Joseph Gustin McArthur is a barrister and attorney at law in "Winnipeg with a large clientage and in his chosen profession has met with steady advancement, which results onl.y from merit in handling important litigated interests. He is a young man with the opportunity before him to attain still greater success and his friends do not hesitate to predict for him continued progress in the field of his chosen profession. He was born in Lobo, ]\Iiddlesex county, Ontario, March 25, 1874, and is a son of Archibald A. and Sarah Ann ( Gustin") ]\IcArthur. The father was prominent in business and political circles of "Winnipeg since 1882. in which year he established himself in the mercantile business in the city. Prom 1905 "to 1907 he served on the board of aldermen and was controller from 1908 to 1912, inclusive. He was one of the best known men in the public life of the city and had various important business and political relations. A more extended mention of Archibald A. McArthur is found else- where in this work. Frederick McArthur was only eight years of age when he came with his parents to "Winnipeg. His education was therefore begun in the pulilic schools of the city and this was supplemented by a course in i\Ianitoba Fuiversity, from which institution he received the degree of B. A. in 1896 and that of LL. B. in 1902. During his student days he was actively interested in outdoor sports and was one of the best known athletes in the university. In 1893 and 1894 he held the intercollegiate athletic championship and from 1893 to 1897 was one of the best known amateur sprinters in western Canada. He held many track records and was also closely associated with football and hockey interests. Mr. ]\Ie Arthur began the practice of his profession in Carman on January 1, 1900. and he remained in that city until 1905 and then came to "Winnipeg. In seven years he has secured a good clientage connecting him with much of the important litigation tried in the courts of the province. He has gradually become connected also with public life and is one of the most potent individual forces in the affairs of the liberal party in "Winnipeg. His political career began in 1903, when he was made president of the Dufl:'erin Liberal Association and in the following year he was elected alderman of Carman and served with ability and distinction. He carried his interest in the affairs of the liberal party forward when he came to Winnipeg and in 1908 was erected president of the West Winnipeg Liberal As.soeiation. He did such able and practical work in this capacity that in 1911 he was elected to a similar jjosition in the Winnipeg Liberal Association. In Winnipeg, on ]\Iarch 29, 1910, ^Ir. McArthur married Miss ^Minerva Forrest Clarke, a daughter of John Clarke, of Parry Sound, Ontario, and both have become well known in social circles of the city. Thej' belong to the Baptist church. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 403 ^Ir. ^Ic'Artluir is very prominent in fraternal circles and is especially active in flic Mrt'iiirs of tlu' Knights of Pytiiias, in wIhl'Ii organization he has lield hoth suboi'diuiitc and superior oflices, heing major of the Cuiform Rank, past cluin- cellor, past grand keeper of the records and seals, past grand prelate, and past grand chnni-cllor, of Manitot)a and supreme representative. He also holds membership in the Sons of Scotland, the Ancient Order of Foresters, the Knights of the ^Maccabees and in the ]Modern Woodmen of America. In the first three distinctive honors have been conferred upon him for he has held some of the highest offices in the organizations. He also belongs to the Masonic lodge. He is recognized as a strong and able lawyer with a thorough understanding of legal principles, wliile liis ajiplication of the points of law is always correct and logical. Tliere is no reason to believe that his future progress will be slower than his past advancement and he is, therefore, on the road to prominence and success. GEORGE H. STREVEL. Success which is the outcome of earnest, persistent effort intelligently directed has come to George II. Strevel. who, at the age of seventy-seven years, is now living retired after a long period of close and prominent connection with railroad construction. His business operations covered a broad field and brouglit him a measure of prosperity that enables him to enjoy the rest which is now his. He was born in Northumberland county, Ontario, ilarcli 28, 1836. Tile birthplace of his father, John Milton Strevel, was on the Hudson river in New York, at a place about thirty miles atmve New York city. Dutchess county. New York, was the home of the family for several generations, which comes from old Knickerbocker stock. On the maternal side George II. Strevel is of Scotch descent, his mother being in her maidenhood Elizabeth Stewart and a native of the same district in which her husband was born. In early life they came to Canada and IMilton Strevel, by which name he was usually known, followed the occupation of farming and also engaged in business as a lumber merchant, making large rafts of square timbers and sending them down the rivers to Quebec. He was killed, however, when in the prime of life. In the family were seven children of whom three are yet living: George H.. and two sisters, one of whom resides at Brighton and the other at Detroit, ]\Iichigan. In his youthful days George II. Strevel became familiar with the usual experiences of f;ii'm life, remaining ujion the old homestead until twenty-tive years of age. He then crossed the iiorder into the Fnited States and engaged in railroad construction work, assisting in the building of the Council Blutfs ^ St. Joseph, the Missouri Pacific and the Northern Pacific Railroads. With con- siderable practical experience in that direction he returned to Winnipeg in 1873 and was made walking boss in connection with the construction work on the Pemiiina brancii of tlic Canadian Noi'tiiern Railroad. A year was thus pas.sed, after which he began contracting on his own account in raili'oad building and aided in tiie constru<-tion of tiie Canadian Pacitic Railroad from Louise Bridge to the mountains. Soon after many other imjiortant contracts were awarded him until he was associated with nearly all railroad building in this section up to tiie time of his retirement about si.x years ago. The extent of his operations is indicated in a measure by the fact that at one time he utilized one hundred and twenty-five teams an(i his railroad camps were known throughout the Dominion as the best in Canada. He supplied bis woi'kmen with tiiose tilings which are necessary to comfortable living and instead of em]iloying tlie usual method of jilacing men in bunks he had beds for them and other camp cquii>- meut and furiiisiiiiigs that would promote their comfort and welfare. The most sanitary conditions were maintained tliroiii.diout the camps and the dining- room supi'lied substantial meals attractively prepared. During the winter 404 THE STORY OF MANITOBA months while he was engaged in the eontraoting business he would move his eanip to tiie bush and get out railroad ties for the Canadian Paeitie Railroad and the Grand Trunk. At length he disposed of his outfit to the Canadian White people of Montreal and retired from railroad uoustruetion. He had previously purchased the bloek of ground Ix'tween Portage and Cirahani avenues and Donakl and Ilargrave, expending forty thousand dollars on the building of a terrace, thirty-live thousantl dollars in the erection of his residence and ten thousand dollars in the building of another brick house. For twenty-five years he occupied his home there, after which he sold out to ilr. Eaton, the site being desired for the erection of the extensive Eaton dry-goods store. In 1864 Mr. Strevel was married in Petcrboro, Ontario, to Miss Maggie Benson, and they had five children : Lizzie, the wife of Joseph Maw ; Eva, who married F. A. Connor, of Portage la Prairie, by whom she had a daughter, ^Margaret Strevel; Cora, the widow of John Ilarmer, of Winnipeg, who was formerly married to AVilliam A. Crisp and had a son, William A.; .Maggie, who is Mrs. S. C. Dunn and has one son, Charles Dawson ; and George H., who is living in San Antonio, Texas, and has one daughter, Doris. The wife and mother passed away February 26, 1912, to the deep regret of many friends who entertained for her warm regard. Mr. Strevel has always beeu active in affairs relating to the progress and improvement of the city, is public- spirited, liberal and charitable. He holds membership in the ^Methodist church and has found in its teachings the stimulus for his many acts of benevolence and humanitarianisni. In all of his business career he recognized fully his obligations to his fellowmen. looking carefully after the interests of those who sen-ed him and never taking advantage of the necessities of another in a trade transaction. Thus he gained the good name which he now enjoys and made a record which may well be emulated by those who are engaged in a similar line of business. ALBERT II. OAKES. Albert H. Cakes, one of the representative real-estate men of Winnipeg and managing director of the Oakes-Gray Realty, Ltd., has recognized and im- proved the opportunities for judicious investment in and sale of real estate in this city. The firm confines its attention exclusively to city and suburban prop- erty and has an excellent clientele .so that the volume of business transacted annually is very large. 'Sir. Oakes has been associated with the business inter- ests of ilanitoba since 1903. He was born in Vernon county, AVisconsin, Novem- ber 6, 1869, and is a son of Henry and Sarah (Flanuigan) Oakes, the former a native of Maine and the latter of Toronto. The father is still living and resides at Hawarden. Iowa, to which place the family removed in 1879. The son pursued his education in the public schools of Sioux county, Iowa, and after- ward attended the Northera Indiana Normal School at Valparaiso, Indiana, for a year. He then took up the profession of teaching at Bathgate. North Dakota, where he was principal for three years, and during the succeeding two years he was principal at St. Thomas, North Dakota. In 1898 he turned his attention to the insurance business as representative of the New York Life Insurance Company in St. Tiiomas and, two years afterward, oj)ened a real- estate and loan business, handling property at that point until 19U3, when he came to "Winnipeg. The Oakes Land Company, predecessor of the concern with which Mr. Gray is now connected, was organized in North Dakota, in 1900, and Albert H. Oakes came to Winnipeg to establish the headquarters of the company here. Dxiring the intervening period covering a decade he has confined his attention to city and suburban property, in which connection he has done much to improve certain districts in the city, including many important real-estate ■ H 1 1 H mim^* 1 ^^^^1 ^^B ^^M ^^^1 ■j r*^ . ■ ■ n ^^Sr^^^^^^r ' 1 1 ■Bk«'..v>v.iiMBX'..^-:f^'fiaH^^ AMiKiri' II. OAKKS THE STORY OF MANITOBA 407 transfers. On Jiiiiuaiy 1, l!il:!. tlic Oakcs IjhiicI Company was succeeded by the Oakes-Ciray Kcalty, Ltd., with a (•a])ital stOL-k of tivc hundi'cd thousand dol- lars, Mr. Oakes becoming numaging director of this cntcr{)risc. lie is also iiiaiia^ing director of the United Investors, Ltd., of which ^layor Waugh is president, and of the Cooperative Investments, Ltd., of which W. P. Button is president. He is likewise the managing director of The Suburban Estates, of which Dr. IManchester is the president, and is a director of the Brokers Inves- tors, Ltd. His position and i)roinincnce in real-estate circles are indicated by the fact that he was honored with election to tiie presidency of the Winuij)eg Keal Estate Exchange in l!i]2 and has bi'en a mend)er of its executive board for the past six years. In IS'J'J .Mr. Oakes was married in St. 'I'lioma-s. North Dakota, to ^Miss Elsbeth Emerson, a native of Lindsay, Ontario, and they have two children, Harry Emerson ami ^Margaret Helen. The parents are members of the Central Congregational church and their influence is with all those factors which fea- ture in the moral progress of the community. Mv. Oakes is a liberal in politics but not an active worker in party ranks. He belongs to the Masonic lodge and to the Carleton and Canadian Clubs. Through the jieriod of his residence in "Winnipeg he has liecome recognized as a leading and progressive business man, possessing the true American spii'it of entei'prise and advancement, and his labors have been of a character that have contributed to public prosperity as well as his individual success. THOMAS STUART ACHESON. Long experience in every department of railroading, ileej), earnest and intelligent study of the conditions and needs of farmers throughout Manitoba and of the causes wbi<'h underlie development, coml)ined with a iiroad busi- ness ability well trainetl and controlled, have made Thomas Stuart Aeheson conspicuously successful as the general grain agent for the Canailian Pacilic Railway. He was born at Durham, Grey county, Ontai'io, J\lay 17, 187t), the eldest son of Rev. Samuel and Margaret Macintosh (Starratt) Aeheson, the former a graduate of Knox College and well known in the Presbyterian min- istry. Mr. Aeheson is a descendant of a long line of sturdy Scotch-Irish ancestors, his family having been founded in (^inada by his grandfather, Thomas Aeheson. who came to this country from .Mullabraek, (Jilford, County Dow-n, Ireland. The latter left Ontario, his original place of settlement, and came to Winnipeg in l.Sfi;) with three of his five sons, the father of our sub- ject remaining in ()ntai-io. The other members of this family arc: Hev. Stuart, who lives at Hi-oadview, Saskatelu'wan ; John, who for many years taught school in WinniiJCg, where he was numi)ered among the jiioneers in this line of work; .James, formerly with the Hudson "s Bay Company; and K<'V. T. D., who was graduated from JIanitoba College and is now vice presi- dent of Whitworth College. Tacoma. Thomas Aeheson. the grandfather of the subject, and three of his sous s<'rved with ability and distinetion through both Xoi-thwestern i-el)ellions, in 1871 and ISS.'). Thomas S. Aeheson. of this review, acquired his educatinn in the public schools of Kip])en, Ontario, ami in the Collegiate Institute at Clinton. In 1892, when he was sixteen years of age, he began learning telegrajdiy and three years later came to Wiiniipeg, where for a few months he was employed as operator in the editorial rooms of the Nor'west newspaper. In the fall of 1895 he became connected with the Canadian Pacilic Railway as telegraph operator, stationed at Jlarijuette, Manitoba, and was advanced from this ])osi- tion to that (if operator at Carberry, where he i-cinained for two years, after which be held the position of relief station agent in various ])laees until 408 THE STUliY OF .MANITOBA litOO. At that time he was tiMiisfeiTod to AViiikler and there remained for lour years as station agent. Jn 1!MI4 he was a])pointed traveling grain agent for Ilie I'anadian Paeitic and did sueh ahh^ work in tliis eapaeity that in 1905 he was made supervisor of agencies for the western lines. The following year found him aeting as traveling freight agent, and in IflO!) he was made "general grain agent for the western lines of the railway. This position is a very responsible one, for it brings ilr. Acheson into contact with farmers all along the Canadian Pacific lines and necessitates great tact and courtesy as well as busines,s ability in order to maintain close and harmonious i-elations between the farmers and the railway. Mr. Acheson has fidl charge of all the gi-ain traftic from Fort William to the Pacific coast and jurisdiction over all agricultural matters. Jn lUll and again in 1912, when the Canadian Pacific and the Manitoba Agricultural College sent out their demon.sfration train, he accompanied it as lecturer. Thus it may be seen that the work which Mr. Acheson is doing is important and influential. lie finds in his ofSee a field of labor well suited to his capabilities — a position which calls for the control and management of large affairs, for quick recognition of passing oppor- tunities antl that business instinct which commands success. In ISlOl jMr. Acheson was unifeusiness, capable direction of the financial interests and ability in winning and retraining trade were features in the success which attended IMr. Douglass up to the time of his retirement in 1910, when he sold the business to E. N. Riley, who still con- tinues it under tlie name of the Douglass Printing & Bookbinding Comi)any. Mv. Douglass had previously become a director of the Sovereign Life Insur- ance Company and in 1912 was elected its treasurer. He has long been recognized as a man of notably sound judgment in business affairs, seeming to recognize the possibilities and opportunities of every business situation and to foresee with remarkable sagacity the outcome of the plans formulated. He is likewise a director of the Equitable Life Trust Company and is a stock- holder in other financial and commercial enterprises. He has furthermore made extensive and .iudicious investment in city jiroperty and now has valu- aiile holdings. But while business interests have largely claimed tiie attention of Mr. Douglass be has ever found opportunity for coojieratioii in matters relating to the ])ulilic welfare and no citizen in private life has been more active in support of the best interests of Winnipeg. The cause of education finds in him a stalwart champion and in 1910 he was elected by acclamation to the school board and reelected by acclamation in 1912. He has recently been chosen to officiate as master of ceremonies at the laying of the corner stone of Principal Sparling school — an honor accorded him in recognition of his stanch support of the (>diieational interests of the city. Tie has also siM-ved on several committees of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows that have had charge of tlie investing of their funds. He is prominent in tiiat organization and was ('lecteleted this course he taught for four years in the high sdiool at Orangeville and tiien came west, .seltliiig in Portage la Prairie in liio:!. Here he accepted a position as assistant in the high school, which he filled for six years, after wiiich he was made jirincipal. holding that jxisition at the present time. He is an able educator wiio lias been a ctmstant student of the best methods of instruction 414 THE STORY OF .MANITOBA ami his zeal mid intci-L'st in tiie work liavt- largely inspired his assoeiates and pupils. I'rogrcss has lieen his watelnvord from the tjeginiiiiig and his labors have been atteiuletl by a measure ol' sueeess whieh makes him one of the prominent representatives of the public-school system of ^lanitoba. In July, 1911, Mr. Lee was united in marriage to Miss Alice McLean, of Portage hi Prairie, a daughter of W. F. IMcLean, who was one of the early settlers in this city but who is residing in Vancouver. Mr. and Mrs. Lee are well known in social circles of the city. ^Ir. Lee is a ]\Iason and a member of the Independent Older of Odd Fellows. He is a mend;er of the council of .Manitoba Fniversity. and is on the execu- tive board of the JIanitnba Kduc;ition;d Association. For over fifteen years he has been teaching in the schools of Ontario and ^Manitoba and in his pro- fessional career has gradually worked his way upward until he today occupies a position of distinction as one of the prominent educators of the country. A man of cultured attainments, he possesses the rare faculty of imjiarting his refinement and knowledge to his pupils and the ncit generation will attest to the value and usefulness of his life. DONALD I?. DTNOWALL. Commercial circles find a worthy representative in Donald E. Dingwall. Tireless energy-, keen perception, honesty of purpose, a genius for devising the right thing at the right time, joined to everyday common sense and guided by resistless will power, are the chief characteristics of the man. From a comparatively hiunble beginning he has steadily worked his way tipward until his prominence in connection with the jewelry trade has made him known throughout Winnipeg and other sections of the province. Arriv- ing here in ^lay, 1882, he has for more than three decades remained in Win- nipeg, disiilaying ever the sterling characteristics of the Scotch people, for he is a native of the land of hills and heather and comes from a sturdy Scotch ancestry. Ilis birth occurred in Caithness-shire, Scotland, in 1851. his par- ents being James and Jean (Ross) Dingwall, both now deceased. While spending his youthful days under the parental roof he pursued his education in the public schools there and soon after he put aside his text-books he crossed the Atlantic to the new world. He first located at Glengarry, but after a short time removed to Jlontreal, where he was employed in a jewelry store. Ambitious to engage in btisiness on his own account he carefully saved his earnings and in Port Hope opened a store which he conducted for five years. In 1881 he came to Winnipeg, making the trip for the purpose of exploring the locality. Thoroughly impres.sed with the city, its advantages and its opportunities, he returned to Port Hope, severing his business connec- tions there, and in the following year again came to Winnipeg. For two years he conducted a jobbing business in the jewelry line, at the end of which time he opened a retail house in the northern part of the cit.v near Alexander and Main streets. His business has since enjoyed constant growth until today it is one of the largest of this kind in the Dominion. 'Slore commodious quar- ters were acquired in the new Mclntyre block on Main street on its comple- tion. There the business was conducted until 1910 when further removal was made to a new building at the corner of Main and Portage avenue, where he is now located. The old store on North Main street, however, has always been maintained. In 1911 he erected a fine six-story building on Albert street, a part of which is occupied bv his extensive factory, devoted to the manufacture of all kinds of jewelry. He makes a specialty of high-gi-ade gold and platinum work and diamond setting, and in the two stores and the factory he employs a corps of one hundred and twenty men. Each year he visits Europe to keep in touch with the latest inventions in the jewelry trade and his impor- THE STORY OF MANITOBA 415 tatioiis arc most attractive. I-'c\v men are more prominent or iiioi'i' widely known in the entiMpiisin'. uiiabat- ini; eniigy, ami industry that never i\a!. Both are buried in Cromarty, in the county of Perth. Ontario. On the maternal side ilr. I'urdon is a descendant of the famous Livingston family who were pioneers in Can.-ida. his grandfather being the flrst cousin to David Livingston. Ixobert Purdon was educated in the public schools of Lanark county but laid aside his books at the agi' of seventeen. Even while ]iuisuiii2 his studies he a.ssisted his father in the woi-k of the iarin and after completing his educa- tion remained upon the homestead until lie was twenty-two years of .-iir,-. .\t that time he established himself in the carpentering business and followed it until 188(). when h<' made his first trij) to .Manitoba. Ri'turning, he again worked at car(ientcring but interrupted his laboi-s in 1SS;» liy a second .ioi'.rney to this province. This time he remained for one suunuei- before returning to Ontario, and coming back in the following year, definitely located here, estab- lishing himself in the coal, wood. Hour and feed business in Brandon, in which he was successful and i)rosperous until liXlf), when he retired from active life. He is living at No. :i:!5 Foui-th stri'ct and is giving special attention to the management of his eonsideralile real-estate interests in Brandon. He has im- prove, wlio is studying dentistry; .\gnes, a graduate of the IJrandon CoHegiate Institute; .Jessie, who is a student at the Brandon CoHegiate Tiistilnte and also attentls i5randon CoUege ; Jind Mar.jorie, a student in tiie Bi-andou ('olleu'iate Institute. .Mr. I'urdon gives iiis allegiance to the liberal party, and is a niemlier of the Independent Order of Foresters. Ilis career, measured hy its usefulness, has been greatly successful. lie built up within the cit.v of Bi'andon a large, intel- ligently managed and prosperous enterprise and thus contributed to commer- cial growth. The money which he acrmired by upright and honorable means he invested chieHy in city jiroperty, doing nuieh in this way to raise land values and to promote general business and social gi-owth. A. L. II.\LL. A. L. ITall, the maiuiger of The Imperial Life insurnnce Company, witli offices over the llaiinlton bank, has been a resident of .Manitoba since 1882. He was born at Ilenmiingford, in the vicinity of ^Montreal, province of Quebec, in September, 1864, and is a son of ^larshall and Elizabeth Hall. The father died in lS6t), and is buried in Ontario, but the mother, who passed away in 188fi, was laid to rest in the cemetery at Brandon. The education of A. L. Hall was acquired in the public schools of Ontario, where he resided until he was a youth of eighteen years. In February, 1882, he came west and homesteaded a tract of land in ^lanitoba, which he diligently cultivated with a good measure of success for fifteen years. Tjater he engaged in the operation of a ranch of three thousand acres in the Bi-andon district, but in 1898, lie withdrew from active connection with agricultural pursuits ami became identified with the insurance company, of which he is now the manager. In 1900, he was made inspector of the company, his services in this connection proving so efficient that in 1910 he was promoted to the post of managci'. Brandon was the scene of Mr. Hall's marriage in 1891 to Miss Isabella A. Touehborne, a daughter of Henry Touch])orne, one of the extensive and success- ful agriculturists of this vicinity. To 'Slv. and ilrs. Hall have been born four daughters: Florence, who is attending school in Toronto: Helen, who is also a student; and Beatrice and Marian. The family residence is located at No. HdO Eighth street. His political support ]\Ir. Hall accords to the liberal party. He is one of the progressive and enterprising business men of Brandon as well as one of the foremost representatives of the insurance interests of the city. During a resi- dence covering a period of thirty years Mr. Hall has ))ecome widely known in jManitoba, particularly in the vicinity of Brandon, where he has made many friends who accord him the respect lie highly merits by reason of his fine personal worth as well as the excellent qualities of citizenship he has manifested. ALFRED JACKSOX. In real-estate and building circles of Manitoba the name of Alfred Jackson is well known. Gradual advance in the business world has brought him to a prominent position in this connection, for entering the field as one of the first speculative builders of Winnipeg, his operations have been an important element in the development and improvement of the city, as well as a source of imlividual income. He was born in Clinton. Huron county, Ontario, in IS.'iS, a son of Isaac Jack- son, a native of Yorkshire, England, whence he came to Canada in 1842. He ai.i'i;p:ii .iackson THE STORY OF MANITOBA 419 learned the trade of l)oot and shoe making in Enghuid. gaining expert skill. along that line and after establishing his home in Clinton. Ontario, engaged in the boot and siioe l)usiness with his brother John, remaining for many years a suc- cessful busines.s man in that town, in whieli lie is still living, at the age of eiglity- two. His wife liore the maiden name of Sarah Frances \'ick. She was a native of the isle of Wight and a niece of the prominent .seed merchant of that name, of Rochester. New York. In the family of Isaac Jackson were sixteen children, of whom eleven are still living. Two bi'others of Alfred Jackson also became residents of Manitoba, and J. W. is yet a resident of Winnipeg, but the other, Charles Edwin, died in 1882. Upon leaving the pi'imary .school at fifteen years of age, Alfred Jackson wa.s apprenticed to John Snell, a contractor of Wiiigliam, Ontario, where he remained for four years. Hiii'lng this time he att(ii(l<'d nigiit si-hool and afterward spent two years in the Clinton higli sclinoi, taking a teacher's certificate there. lie tiien acquired his business training in tiie Jones' Commercial College of London, Ontario, and tiieii entei'ed upon tlie jn'ofcssion of teaching, which he followed in his native pi'ovince until 1882. He was then forced to give up teacliing on account of ill health and on the 7th of January, in that year, arrived in Winni- peg, hoping to be l)enefited by the change of climate and occupation. In the spring of that year he entered for a homestead and preemption close to the locality where the town of Boissevain, IManitolia, now stands. Returning to Winnipeg lie turned his attention to the conti-aeting business, which he fol- lowed lor a time. During the summer of 1882. having saved some money in his ojierations, he purposed going to reside on his homestead, having built a house find had soine breaking done. He was pi-eparing to leave the city when his brothel', Charles, liecame ill and died of smallpox, which was epidemic in Winni- peg at that time. This delayed Alfred Jackson so long, that the legal time for moving on to his homestead had expired and another party had jumped his claim and made an entry for his farm. He then decided to remain in Winnipeg and continue his contracting operations. Losing everything he possessed during the bursting of the first boom and the consequent falling off in business, he was coinpelleil again to resume the profession of teaching for a living. Spending two years as teacher of the Thoinliill school and two years after- ward as princijial of the .Manitou school, bis health again failing he turned his attention to agricultural ])ursuits, that he might benefit by the outdoor work. He purchased a farm close to the village of Thornhill. This farm was raw prairie but he immediately began its improvement by breaking the sod, turning the furrows, sowing crops, and continuing the development of the place until he had converted it into a fine projierty, upon wliicli he lived for twelve years. He not only was successful in raising crops but also made a specialty of raising good horses and cattle. Still taking an interest in education he served as school trustee for some years, while living on his farm, and was recognized as a man of progressive spirit, whose acts of aid to the public welfare always manifested themselves in tangible form. Being then prosperous again, lie was asked i)y a large numl)er of his neighliors to start a general store there. He did so, carrying on the bu.siness for one year only, on account of the bad crops throughout tiie province in that year. This did not prove a profitable undertaking and he was forced to abandon it at a lieavy loss. The continuous longing to retuiii In Winnipeg at length had its fulfillment for. finding by cbanee in a real-estate pamphlet, that he could ]iurchase lot 02 and lot r)2a in the old iiistoric parish of Kildonan. he sold bis farm in the west and in 1896 investi'd tlie |>ro( ds in tliese lots which were known as the Shepherd farm, containing one humlred and eighty acres. Tliis he continued to cultivate and to improve while carrying on his contracting and real-e.state business in the city, which he bad resumed. He still lives there, having made it a very attract- ive and beautiful properly in a])pearance and tieriving therefrom a subst^jintial Vol. n— 19 420 THE STORY OF MANITOBA income. As previously stated, he was one of the first si)eculative huilders in Winnipef,', liaving for years been engaged in buying property on which he erected nis famous "cozy iiomes. '" wliicli lie continued to sell to satisfied purchasers. AVliile oi)eratiug mostly in iuoj>crty in liie western part of the city, his opi-rations have been carried on more or less in all parts. Two years ago he i-etired from this branch of the business, l)ut still continues to buy and sell real estate, having his offices at Xo. 522 Main street. His farm in Kihlonan has become very valu- able, with the extension of the boundaries of the city and the demand for land with realty prices continuously advancing. Although at times he has met with heavy losses, leaving biiii almost penniless, his courage and resolutinn have never failed him, and he lias again and again set to work to retrieve his fortunes. He is now comfortably situated in life and his holdings were secured by houoral)le business dealings and an infallil>le faith and energy. ^Ir. Jackson married in 1881 at Londesborough. Ontario, I\Iartha E. A'odden and they have ten children: Charles Gordon, \'iolet, Daisy, Jlyrtle, Victor Ed- win, Pern, Hazel, Olive, Norman Clifford and Ivy. Mr. Jackson gave his political allegiance to the conservative party until 189G when, feeling that the liberal party was advocating principles more conducive to good government, he joined that party and has since voted their ticket. He has served as school trustee in the East Kildonan sciiool district for nine years since his return to AVinnipeg, and has never failed to manifest a keen interest in the cause of education and the welfare of the young. He has also given a great deal of his time in the cause of civic matters in the city of Winnipeg and the municipality in which he lives, being always associated with the progressive parties in each, iloral progress is also a matter of great concern to him. In religion he is a ilethoilist but during his residence in Kildonan he has been an adherent of the old Kildonan Presbyterian church, of which several of his chil- dren are now members. ANDREW PRITCHARD MacKI.XXON, .M. D. No history of the medical fraternity of Manitoba would be complete without reference to Dr. Andrew P. ilacKinnon, who is engaged in the practice of medicine and surgery at Portage la Prairie. Although he is still a young man and has been active in his profession only five years, he has made steady and •well deserved progress and has proven his knowledge and capability in the excellent results which have attended his labors. He was born in North Wake- field, Quebec, Jidy 28, 1880, and is a son of John R. and Abigail (Pritchard) MacKinnon, the former of whom was born in Streetsville, Ontario, and the later in North Wakefield, Quebec. The family was founded in America by the great-grandfather of our subject, who came to New York in 1805 from Scotland. Here the grandfather of our subject, Neil ilacKinnon, was born. During the AYar of 1812 the family removed to Canada and located near Toronto in pioneer times. The grandfather of our subject lived in that section for many years but moved to Ottawa in later life. John R. MacKinnon, his son. was in business in that city for four years and then moved to North Wakefield, where he remained for a similar period of time before coming to ^Manitoba, where he took up a homestead claim near Griswold. Upon this property he engaged in farming until 1890 and in that year moved to Portage la Prairie. In 1909 he again homesteaded land and operated and improved it until he retired and moved to Winnipeg, where he died August 16, 1912. He was a true and cultured gentleman of the old school, with all the refine- ment which comes from long familiarity with the best literature. Devoted to his family, deeply religious and of exemplary private and public life, he was mourned at his death as one of Manitoba's most stalwart and representative THE STORY OF MANITOBA 421 citizens. He was a devout adherent of the Presbyterian ehureh and deeply interested in the spreatl of tlie doetrincs Ufion wliich tliat faith is foiURled. Dr. Andrew 1'. MacKinnon wa.s the third in a family of eight cliihlri'ii. He received his education in tiie puhlie seliools of Portage la Prairie and was later graduated from tiie local Collegiate Institute. He afterward attended Normal School in Winnipeg and subsecpiently engaged in teaching for some time. Determining upon the practice of medicine and surgery as his life work, he entered tiie medical tiepartment of tlie University of Manitoba and was graduated in 1!)07. Keturning to Portage la Prairie well eipiipped for his profession, lie has since built up an extensive patronage here. The con- sensus of i)uhlic ojiinion regarding iiis skill is altogether favorable, for it is well known that lie is most careful in tlie diagiio.»-is of a case and never neglects anytliini,' wliicli he believes will prove of value in checking disease and ]iro- moting licalth. He keeps in touch with the advanced thought of the |)rofession through his membership in the Manitoba Medical Association and liis ability is widely recognized. In June, 1908, Dr. MacKinnon was united in marriage to Miss Isabel Thornton Thomson, a daughter of Robert Tliomsou, of Scai'borougli. (Ontario, and a tlescendant of one of tlie old Canadian families and early settlers in the province. Dr. ^MacKinnon is well known in fraternal circles, holding membership in tile Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pytiiias. In his college days he took an active part in athletics as a member of the ^lanitoba i\Iedical College Football team, intercollegiate champions, for four years. Dur- ing that time he engaged in every championship game in which the club took part and is still remembered for his able work. This interest in outdoor sports he lias carried forward to his later life and is an enthusiastic advocate of wliole- some c.\ei-cise as a promoter of physical efHciency. As city healtii officer he has done much to direct public opinion along this line and the useful and valuable work whieh he has thus begun will add to the honor and esteem in which his name is held. EGERTON LLEWELLYN POPE, M. D. The city of Winnipeg with its imlsing industrial activities and rajiid devel- opment has attracted within its contines men of mai'ked ability and high char- acter in the various professional liiu's, and in this way progress is being con- served and social stability fostered. Among the medical pi'actitioners of this city who are excellentl\- e(|uii)peil by broad general and special training for the responsible duties of their chosen profession is numbered Dr. Egerton Llewellyn Pope. He was l)orn at Belleville, Ontario, in 1874, a son of George Henry and Jane (JIcMullen) Pope, the former of whom was for many years connected with the (Jraiid Trunk R^iilway but who has r(>cently retired from business life. The son attended the ])nblic schools of Belleville in the acipiire- ment of his jn-eliminary education, |)assing through consecutive grades until his completion of the high-school course. He then enrolled as a student at Queens Fniversity, at Kingston, Ontario, from which institution he was grad- luited in 1895, with the B. A. degree. His medical training was received at McOill University, there winning the degrees of M. D. and C. JI. Three vears later the degrees of M. R. C. S. (England) and L. R. C. P. (London) "were conferred upon him, and from 190;? until 1906 he ])ur.sin'd a jiost-gradnate course in England. In the latter year he returned to Canada and came at once to Winnipeg, where he opened an office and where he has since con- tinned to |>raclici'. His extensive study and thorough jireiiaration, combined with a great native ability, make him a strong representative of his profession and justif.v the confidence in which he is licld tiy tlie medical fraternity and the 422 TUE aTUKY OF .MANITOBA local jiiiblic. IIo is tliorouf;lily ahrcast of the liiiR-s, progressivi- in his practice and Icecps in closi' tonch with tiie onwai-d work tliat is l)eint; done l).v the lirofcssion tiironL'h his niciiilici'ship in the Winnipeg: ( 'iiirur.'ht, strong, nuiscvdar and of athletic 424 THE STORY OF MANITOBA liuiltl. and l\v his ivgular exercise iu the open air has made his body a perfect machine, lie still keeps up his interest in athletics and is now acting as instructor of the Rowing Club of Portage la Prairie In Xovcmber, 1901, .Mr. Logan married Miss Ethel Webster, a descendant of an old English family. They have two children, Alexander Webster 111 and Helen ilcDermot. Mr. Logan is perhaps one of the best known men in Portage la Prairie and in all the relations of his life i.s upright, straightforward and lunmrablc. for he is ever intlucnccd by his family traditions and by the standards of his father, who was honored and respected by his associates and loved wherever he was known. HUGH F. OSLER. Hugh F. Osier, member of the firm of Osier, Hammond & Xanton, AViiinipeg, one of the strongest financial houses in western Canada, was born November 17, 1881. in Toronto. His father. Sir Edmund B. Osier, of Toronto, is a member of the Dominion house, representing West Toronto, and a recognized leader of the conservative party, as well as a man of large and important interests. Hugh F. Osier was provided with liberal educational privileges, his studies in private schools of Toronto being supplemented by a course in Trinity College School at Port Hope, Ontario. He afterward entered the Royal Military College of Kingston. Ontario, from which he was gi-aduated with the class of PIOl. Dur- ing his college days he took a prominent pai-t in athletics, particularly in foot ball and cricket. Following his graduation he became connected with the firm of Osier & Hammond of Toronto, with whom he continued until 190)5, when lie came to Winnipeg and entered the employ of Osier, Hammond & Nanton. In 1906 he became a member of the firm, whose business is of an important as well as extensive character and figures prominently in the financial and industrial life of western Canada. The various departments of its business include loans, in- surance, wholesale coal, farm lands, high-grade securities, stocks and Ijonds, cater- ing to a large and select clientele of an international character. 'Slv. Osier is also president of the Perfection Concrete Company of Winnipeg. In Kingston. Ontario, in 1907, JMr. Osier was married to iliss Kathleen Ilarty, a daughter of Hon. William Harty. of that place, who was formerly a member of the Dominion parliament, representing a liberal con.stituency. ;\Ir. and Mrs. Osier are parents of two sons, William Ednnuid and Hugh F., Jr. Mr. Osier is w-ell known in military circles, having since its organization in 1909 been a captain in the Seventy-ninth Cameron Highlanders of Canada. He is also a member of the Manitoba, St. Charles Country, Canadian and Adanac Clubs of Winnipeg and the York Club of Toronto. OLAFUR BJORNSON. I\I. D., C. M. Although born in the far-off countrv of Iceland, Dr. Olafur B.iornson ha.s spent the greater part of his life in Winnipeg. His natal day was December 28. 1869, and he arrived in Manitoba on the 2d of August, 1876. when in the seventh >ear of his age. The fathei' followed agricultural pursuits at a point called Sandy Bar on Lake Winnipeg, but both he and his wife are now deceased. Dr. B.iornson did not continuously remain a resident of Winnipeg through the period of his youth, for at dilTerent times he attended school in ."Minnesota and North Dakota as well as in this city. He was a bisrh-srbool student in Winnipeg and further continued his education in the Winnipeg Collegiate Institute, completing his course therein with the class of 1893. He afterward in (III F. 08LKR THE STORY OF MANITOBA 427 engaged in teaching school and in tliis way proviilcd the funds with wliicli he met his expenses when making his way thfouj^h medical coUeiic. Having deter- mined upon the practice (jf medicine as a life work, he bent his energies to the task of thoroughly i(u;difying himself for the rcsponsit)le duties that would later devolve upon him and was gi'aduated from the University of Manitoba with the class of 1897, winning the degrees of ;\r. D. and C. M. He was the only native son of Iceland up to that time to take a doctor's degree in Canada. Following his gi-uiuation he spent one year as house surgeon in the Winnipeg Gcnerid Hospital and thus addeil greatly to his knowledge gained in college, beucfitini;- largely by the broad and vai'icd experiences that come in hospital practice. On the 1st of June, 1898, he entered independently upon tlie active work of his i)rofession, which he has since followed in Winnipeg save for a year — 1902 — spent abroad in post-graduate work. He has always continued in general practice and is continually promoting his skill and knowledge by further reading and investigation. For tiic past six years he has been a member of the staff of the Winnipeg General Hospital and for two years has been lecturer on nudwifery in the JMauitoba Medical College. In June. 1911, Dr. H.jorn.son was married in Winnipeg to Miss S. Brandson, a sister of Di-. B. J. Brandson, and they have one son, John Ernest. The parents are members of the i"'ii'st Lutheran cimreh and l)i-. B.jornsou belongs also to the lndei)cndcnt Order of Odd Fellows and to the Canadian Order of Foresters, having been connected with the latter for fifteen years. He votes with the liberal party yet is not an active worker in its ranks. He deserves much credit for what he has accomplished iuasnuich as his own labors provided the funds necessary for his collegiate course. The elemental strength of his character was thus shown and the <|ualities which he displayed in his early manhood have cari'ied iiini into iTiijioi'tant professional relations. DANIEL McINTYRE. For twenty-seven years the history of Dr. Daniel ]\IcTntyrc has been insepa- rably interwoven with that of the progres,s of the public schools of Winnipeg, and his fellow citizens, .justly proud of his work, honor him for what he has accomi)lished. He was born on a farm near Dalhousie, New Brunswick, in 1852, a son of Andrew and Mary (Murray) Mclntyre. He attended the ele- nientar-j' and granunar schools of his native city and the New Brunswick Normal School at Fredcrieton, after which he became a .student in Dalhousie Univcr.sity and JFanitoba University, receiving from the latter the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 18S6. IMasler of Arts in 1893, and Doctor of Laws, honoris causa, in 1912. He was the first graduate of that institution to receive this degree from his own university. He entered ujion the ])rofession of teaching in 1869. spend- ing three years in rural schools of New Brunswick, alternately teaching and studying. From IST.'i until 1880 he was in the schools of Portland, now a part of St. John, and dm-ing the last two years of that period was superintendent of a staff of ujiward of forty teachers. Giving up the work of teaching, he si)ent the next two years in studying law in the otifice of Watson Allen, of St. J(tiin, and was admitted as an attorney but iiractieed only for a few months. Coming to JIanitdba. he reentered the edui'alional field in January, 1883, as lU'incipal of the Carleton school of Winnipeg, ;in(l was aiipcinted inspector of schools in July, 1S8.''). When he became identified with eihicational interests licrc the scluKil lioai'd owned ten school buildiiiL's which, with sites, furniture and e(|uipincnt. were valued at about two hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars. There were forty-two or forty-three teachers on the staff, and the total nund)er of puiiils enrolled was twenty-two hundred. At the present time f]u> board has forty-three school l)uildintrs which, with sites, furniture and ei|uii>- ment, are valued at nearly three million, six hundred thousand dollai-s. The 428 THE STORY OF MANITOBA ti-achin^ stiiff. im-liuliiii: supci'visors. suiMTintfndi'iit.s. incilifiil inspectors and nursi's, iiuiiil)ers four liiiiHlrcil and forty-livi' and the lunnher of pui>ils enrolled is about eigrliteen thousand. In aecordance with the growth in numhers and equipment there has heen a steady broadening of the tield of seliool aetivities. Drawing and vocal nnisie have been introduced and are now taught from the primary grades to the high-schoor classes. Nature study, manual training, domestic science and physical drill have been given places on the curriculum from the grammar grades upward. The commercial course was established in the liigh school many years ago and the other high-school courses have been greatly extended. Recently two technical high schools were built and I'quipped at a cost of nearly three-fourths of a million dollars. In these may be obtained technical instruction as varied and thorough as that given in any similar schools in Canada. The city has also a system of night schools, in which all grades of work, from the teaching of elementary English to advanced technical instruc- tion, is carried on. In this rapid development Superintendent Mclntyre had ever to plan, direct, modify and harmonize, as the eihicational needs of the city re(|uired, and the present efficiency of the schools of Winnipeg is due in no small measure to his guiding hand. But Dr. ]McIntyre's efforts have not been confined to the schools of this city. He has always taken a leading part in the work of the advisory board, which has to plan courses of study for all the schools of the province, select text-books, determine the qualifications of teachers, etc. Ho has taken a very active interest in the development of the University of ]\Ianitoba, in 1892-3 was registrar, and has been a member of the university council for many years. He was a member of the educational commission appointed by the government of jManitoba some time ago to inquire into technical education, and during the year litll he served on a somewhat similar commission ajijiointed by the govern- ment of Saskatchewan. He has cooperated helpfully anil heartily in the work of the Winnipeg Teachers' Association, the Manitoba Hducational Association and the Dominion Educational Association and has been a director of the Winnipeg Playground Connnission since its organization. In St. John, New Brunswick, in 1878, Dr. ]\lclni)ointed police magisti'ate of the city and sei'veil with honor and distinction. John O'Reilly of this review was the only chihl born to his parents. He was eilucated in the public schools at Waterdown, Ontario, and after completing the elementary course entered Trinity College in Toronto, taking his degree of B. A. in ]8(i(j. Three years afterwai-d he went to California and tlu're engaged in ranching ami railroad office work until 1873, when he returned to Canada. He made the journey to San Francisco by way of the Isthnuis of Panama and he retui-ried on the Uinon Pacific Railroad. In 1S74 lie came from Ontario to Manitoba by the Dawson route and located in Wiiniijieg. where he read law in his father's office and was admitted to the bai' in .November, 1876, being now senior in lu'actice in the province. Until 1881 he practiceil in partnership with his father and then became associated with the late Daniel Carey, contlucting an otHice under the firm name of Carey & O'Reilly. This partnershiji continued luitil ISSI*. when it was dissolved and Mr. O'Keilly became conni'ctcd with T. S. Kennedy, K. C. They carried on the genei'al ])ractice of law uniler the name of Kennedy & O'Hcilly until liS84, when this partnership also was dis- solved and Mr. O'Reilly ])i-acticed alone for ten years. At the end of that time he removed to Selkirk and there acted as crown counsel until October, li)10, when he received his present appointnu-nt as registrar for tiie Portage la Prairie district anil canu> to this city, where he has since resided. He is looked upon as one of the ablest counselors and lawyers in ^lanitoba and is known as a sti-ong and capable i)ractitionei' with a tlKn-ough understanding of let;al principles, while his application of the ])oints of law is always cori'ei-l and logical. llis success in a i>roressional wa\' alVords the best evidence of his 430 THE STORY OF MANITOBA aliility. lie is a stronj; advocate liefore the courts, concise in his apjieals, and his distinction is the p;reater because iiis honesty of purpose is recognized and honored. In July. 18S1. Mr. O'Reilly was united in iuarriape to iliss Ermina Nagy, ol' St. Johns. New lirunswick. a daujrliter of Daniel Nagy, of an old Ilunprarian family, who. together with all his hrothei"s, were active followei-s of Louis Kossuth and. on account wliereof, all the Nagy estates were confiscated and General Xagy was shot. Mr. and I\I.rs. O'Reilly have five children. The two eldest. Helen JIargai-et and Nena Hamilton, have passed away. The third child is John Arthur Hamilton, who is a graduate in the civil engineering department of IManitolia I'niversity. IIel(>n Etty married J. F. W. Wright, of Wiiiuiiieg. Richard Hamilton, who completes tin- family, is a graduate of the I'niversit.v of ;\lanitolia in electrical engineering. Mr. O'Keilly has a creditable military record. While at Trinity Fniversit.v he was a nuMuher of Company Eight, the Queen's Own Rifles, and served for five years, the first year as a private and during the remaining period as a lieutenant. He saw active service during the Fenian raid in 18()6 and was present at the battle of Ridgewa.v, the Thirteenth Battalion and tlie Queen's Own being engaged on the Canadian side. Mr. O'Reilly is essentiall.y public- spirited and has always taken an active part in local conservative politics. He is .iustly accounted one of the able lawyers and valued citizens of Portage la Prairie. JOHN A. McTAGGART. John A. MeTaggart is head of tlie firm of John A. McTaggart & Company, dealers in railway and contractors' supplies and maimfacturers of the Acme Air Washer, and is prominent in business circles of Wimiijieg. For eleven .vears he was a "Knight of the grip" and has never abandoned his connection with the traveling brotherhood, serving in 1909 as president of the Northwest Connnercial Travelei'S Association, and in 1911 as president of the Travelers Club of Winni- peg. He was born at Kirkfield, Ontario, in 1873, and is a son of John and Catherine (ilackenzie) McTaggart. the former for many years prominent in the Canadian civil service. He went to Prince Albert in 1883 in order to assume the duties of Dominion land agent and there remained until 1906. when he retired. He resides in Winnipeg. His wife is a sister of Sir William JIackenzie. John A. ]\IcTaggart was educated in the public schools and at Nesbit Academy of Prince Albert. In 1889 he started in the hardware business with the Millei'- Morse Hardware Company and was in their emplo.v for fifteen years, the last eleven of which were spent as a commercial traveler. What this means in real human intercourse, in friendliness and in con.stantly increasing general knowl- edge cannot well be estimated. Wherever he went he made friends. ol)served conditions and sought out his brothers of the fratei'uit.v so that he became one of the most popular men in the profession with his customers antl "the boys." In 1894 be .ioined the Northwest Commercial Travelers Association with the in- tention of giving his work and activities in the interests of his fellow workers a greater force and more intelligent direction. In 1904 Mr. McTaggart severed his connection with the Miller-Morse Hard- ware Company and started in business for himself, operating a railwa.v supply business under the name of the Dominion E(|uipment & Supply Company. This developed in 1908 into J. A. McTaggart & Company, dealers in railway and con- tractors' supplies. The company is agent for many prominent outside firms, among which may be mentioned the B. F. Sturtevant Compan.v. of Boston, Massachusetts, manufacturers of ventilating apparatus. In 1907 Jlr. McTaggart married ]Miss Eva Cowan, a daughter of Mathew Cowan, of Carrington, Ontario. They have two children, a son and daughter. JOHN' A. McTACCAHT THE STORY OF MANITOBA 433 R. Gordon and Catherine. Mr. MeTaggart belongs to the Carletou and Adanac Clubs. He is a iiieiiiber of the Masonic I'i'aternity and l)elongs also to the Western Kaihvay Club, the Canadian Cluli, tin- Rotary Clul). tlie Electrical Clul) and the Sons of Jove, lie gives his political allegiance to the con- servatives. JAMES 11. ilcCAUTllY James II. McCarthy, chief librarian of the Winnipeg public library, was born in Walpole township, Ontario, February 25, 186:1 In his youth he took l)art in the arduous ta.sk of clearing, developing and bringing under cultivation the busli farm on which he lived, lie supplemented his early educational train- ing by a course in the Caledonia lugh school and in the Toronto nornud school, and also by private study. His initial step in his life's work was made as a school teacher in the village of York, Ontario, in 1881, and his developing ability in that direction led to his selection for the position of principal of the Hagersville public schools in 1884. He remained there for four years and later became assistant principal and sidisei|uenfly principal of the Portage la Prairie public schools, there remaining from 1S,SS until 1S!)2. He then became principal of the Carlcton school of Wininpeg, remaining in that position from li^DS until 1899, and in 1904 and 190.') he was i)rincipal of the Pinkham school of that city. In tlie meantime he had done active nulitary and civic duty — as an officer of the Xinetietli Regiment from 1897 until 1902. On the comi)letion of the public library building in Winnipeg in 191).") he was appointed librarian and since that day has bent his energies toward the organization and direction of the library sy.stcm of this city, with the result that Winnipeg's library is an institution of winch he has every rea.son to be proud. A carefully organized system aiul well defined methods have been followed in the .selection, classifica- tion and arrangement of books and .Mr. .McCarlliy's efforts have proved potent factors in giving to Winnipeg a librai'y ihat rivals that of the older cities of the east. liENJAillX ELSWOOn ClfAKFEY. Benjamin Elswood CbafTey, a well known and able l)arrister of Winnipeg, has here been engaged in the general practice of law for the past quarter of a century. His birth occurred in Brockville, pntario, on the 8th of October, 1859, his parents being John and Mary Ann (Tett) Chatfey, who spent their entire lives in Onlai'io. The father was for many years identified with lumber interests, oi)eratiiig a sawnnll and wholesale business at Bedford Mills, Mississagua. ami Spanish Kiver. Ontario. In the ai'iiuirement of an education Benjamin E. CliafVey att(arty to repre- scut Houtli Winnipeg in the jn-ovincial Icgislatni-i' but was ik'lVated by Mr. J. T. Gordon in tlie spring of 1907. IJt scrvctl as aklernian for the I'ity of Winnipeg in the eouueils of '94 to '97 and 1!)U1 and 1!M)2. He is a life member of the board of governoi-s of Winnipeg General IIosi)ital and belongs to St. Luke's Anglican church of Fort Kouge, in which he has hekl numerous offices. He is a delegate to the .synod of Prince Rupert's l^and as representative of St. Luke"s church. The ^Manitoba and St. Charles Country Chilis also nuiiiber him amont; their members. In the early days he was very active in the Winni- peg Rowing Club, taking jiart in its affairs for a number of years. Aside from any i)rofessional or ]>olitical relations he is by reason of his genuine personal worth held in highest esteem by those witii whom he has come in contact, possessing the kindly spirit, geniality and deference for the opinions of others that everywhere win him friendships and high regard. ALEXANDER G, MEINDL, I\I. I). Liberal college training and hospital experience well (inalify Dr. Alexander G. Meiudl for the practice of his jirofession in which he has done important service in Winnipeg. A native of Jlattawa, Ontario, he is a son of Francis and Angela ( Sikorska ) Jleindl, both of whom were natives of Germany while the father for many years carrit'd on business as a merchant tailor at Mattawa, Ontario. After mastering the branciies of learning taught in file ])ulilic sdiools of Ontario, Dr. Meindl attended the Ottawa University, from which he was grad- uated B. A. in 1899. He next entered McGill University at ^Montreal and was graduated in 1903 with the degree of M. D., C. M. He put his theoretical train- ing to the practical test as interne in the Monti-eal Hospital and also had further lios|iital experience in the Royal Victoria Hospital and in St. lioniface Hospital, witii which he was connected in 190ti-7. On coming to Winnijieg on the 1st of Api'il, 1905. he took the examination necessary for practice in this province and secured his license. In July, 19().'i, with Indian treaty No. 9, he went to llud.son Bay and assisted in the jireparation of a repoi-t on the health of the Indians. This work was finished in August, 1906. and in September he entered St. Boniface Hospital, where he remained until November. 1907. He then began practice in Winnipeg and his previous experience of varietl and important character well qualified him for the onerous duties which have since devolved upon him. On the 18th of August. 1909, Dr. .Meindl was united in marriage to .Miss Olivia O'Dounell, a daughter of William O'Donnell, formerly superintendent of the Chicago & Northwestern Railway, and unto this union has been liorn a daughter, Jean, now two years of age. Dr. Meindl is a Roman Catholic in religious belief. His activities center chiefiy upon his professional duties which he has ever discharged with a sense of conscientious obligation, realizing the grave responsibility that ever rests upon the physician. JOSEPH A. BELIVEAU. There are few men whose careers illustrate .so foi-cibly tiie possibilities for success which lie in honesty, ability and skilful use of opportunity as does that of Joseph A. Beliveau. A young man of high family and excellent education, he has, by adhering to the standards of one and putting the other to effective u.se, gained for himself an enviable place in business circles of Wiiniipeg as the directing force in one of its largest and most complete men's furnishing estab- THE STORY OF MANITOBA 435 lishments, called the Shops of Fashion Craft. Mr. Beliveaii was 1)orn in St. Bonifaee. Jlay 9, 1884, a .son of Iloniiisdas and Ernestine Beliveau. His early eduealion was acciuired in tlie public schools of St. Boniface and this course was sui)iilenieuted liy study at St. Bonifac" Colletre and Ottawa College. After his grailuatiou he l)egan his Inisiness eai-i-er as clerk in tiie Shops of Fasiiion Craft, which were then operated by tlie Richarils Company, Limited. His ability gained him rapid advancement. He was first promoted to tlie position of cashier and then to that of accountant, later becoming assistant manager and finally vice president and managing director, which positions he still occu- pies. The business during this time, liowever, has changed hands and been entirely reorganized, tlie officers at the present time being H. Beliveau. i)resi- dent, and J. A. Beliveau. of this review, vice president and managinii- director. The concern was establislied lirst in l!l(l2 in a little store on Main street, opjio- site the old Canadian Xortliern Kaili-oad depot, but in 1906 it was moved to more connnodious (puirters at 432 Main street. This store is still conducted, but the proprietors have recently opened a second place of business at 367 Portage avenue. Tlie controlling company handles complete lines of gentle- men's clothing and furni.shings and have become recognized as leaders in their busine.ss. ^Ir. Beliveau of this review has done more than his share in promoting the advancement and development of the business with which he is identified. He has studied modern ideas and kept in touch witli modern advancement and made his enterprise thoroughly ui)-to-date in every i)articular. His success may be measured l)y tlie fact that the goods sold in the Sliops of Fashion Craft are recognized everywhere as standards of correctness in men's attire. In 1908 ]\Ir. Beliveau was united in marriage to Mi.ss Louise Prudhomme, a daughter of Hon. L. A. Prudhomme. judge of the county court and of the surrogate court of St. Boniface, ilrs. Beliveau died Xoveml)er 27, 1911, leav- ing one son, named Louis. Ml". Beliveau is well known socially in Winnipeg, for he pos.sesses the genial, friendly and open-hearted (pialities which unlock all hearts. He holds member- ship in tile Carleton Club and in the St. Charles Country Club and is well known as an enthusiastic motorist anil golfer. He is fond of shooting and is a success- ful si)ortsman. He holds membership in the Knights of Columbus and the Catholic Society — -organizations affiliated with the Roman Catholic church, to which he belongs. He is a liberal in his political views and active in his support of the men and measures of that party. However, his public spirit takes the form of earnest, able and ert'ective work in the develoi)mcnt of his business, which has grown to be iiii])ortant among the city's resources. A young man with much of the modern spirit of jirogress, keen and far sighted in business, friendly and oiieii in his social I'elations, he has won at an early age a position in the I'anks of leading business men and a high place iu the regard and affection of his friends. B. H. c.\.mim;i:i,i.. Since Marcli, 1912, B. H. Campbell has been successfully conducting a lum- beryard at the corner of Third street and Ros.ser avenue in Brandon and in one year has become definitely established among the important independent dealers of this city. He was bom in England, .lune 9. 1869, and is a .son of Bertram and Jane Campbell. His father died in 1SS2 and his mother is residiiiLr in her native country. B. H. Camitbell received his education in England and laid aside his books when he was fifteen years of age. He spent .soiiii' time following in travel, going on a sea journey to India and Australia. \Vhen this trip was completed he crossed the Atlantic to America and settled on a farm in JIanitoba. which he cultivated and iiuproveurpose under the firm style of Cameron & Company, which name was later changed to Cameron & Kennedy. From its inception the business developed along substantial lines and in 1892 was incorporated under the name of the Ontario & Western Lumber Company, which was subsequently changed to the name of the Rat Portage Lumber Company. Since 1892 JMr. Cameron has been general manager and since 1894 president of the company, in which con- nection he bends his efforts to executive control and administrative direction. In its ramifying trade interests the business covers a wade territon-, having mills located at Kenora, Norman, Rainy River, Winnipeg and Vancouver. He I). C. CAMKK'DX THE STORY OF MANITOBA 437 early learned that the secret of success is found in the attainment of maximum results througli minimum effort. He therefore carefully studied the question of conserving time, labor and materials and, gradually extending his tiusiuess from point to i>oint, is now at the head of an enterprise of large magnitude, being reeogni/.cd as one of the pi-oiiiincnt representatives of tiie hunlxT trade in the Dominion. That he is a man of resourceful business ability is indicated in his fui-ther connection with otiier eommereial industrial and financial enter- prises. He is now the president of the Maple Leaf Flour Mills, a director of the Northern Crown Bank, a director of the Manitolja Bridge & Iron Company and of the Gas Traction Company, all of which have played an important part in the growth and develoi)meut of western Caiuida. In 18S0 the Hon. Douglas C. Cameron was married to Miss ^largaret Cam- eron Ferguson, of Vankleek Hill, and they are parents of a daughter and two sons: Evelyn, Douglas Lome and James Leslie Fergus. The family attend St. Luke's Episcoi)al church and something of Ihe nature of His Honor's recrea- tion is found in the fact that he i)elongs to the ]\lauitol)a Club, the St. Charles Country Club and the Wiiniipeg Hunt Club. He is an enthusiast on the sub- ject of fine horses, especially driving horses and hunting stock, and his stables have won first honors at all western horse shows. Before attaining to his present j)ositioii of ]ii'ominence and honor Lieutenant Governor Cameron was closely idenlitied with municipal atfairs of Hat Portage and served as mayor of the town for tlii-ee years. In ino;^ he was elected a member of the provincial legislature on the liberal ticket, sitting through the house sessions of 19(1;j and 1904. He was ai)pointed to his present important office in 1911 as the successor of the Hon. Sir D. H. Meridian. It is said: "'Few of those who have held the position of lieutenant governor have attained greater distinction in the history of the Canadian west than the present incumbent. He is a splendid tyi)e of the self-made man — one who has risen to his present position in private and public life by persi-stent, well directed efforts. In his position at the head of governmental atiaii-s. Lieutenant (Governor Cameron's every official act has met with the hearty approval of all the people, and it has been repeatedly demonstrated that he is preeminently the right man in the right place." ROBERT :\1AX\VKLL DEXXISTOCX. B. A.. K. C. Kotiert Maxwell Deninstoun. who since l!t()7 has engaged in law practice in Winnipeg, is a well known member of the Senior bar. His birtii occurred in Peterboro, Ontario, Decend)er 24, 1864, his parents being James F. Dennis- toun, S. C, and Katherine A. Dennistoun. The son pursued a course of study in Queen's University, fi'om which lie won his B. A. degree upon graduatitni with the cla.ss of 188.'). taking a sciiolarship for history and English. His study of law led to his lieing called to the bar of Ontario in 1888 and. opening an office in ids native city, he jjracticed there successfully for almost two decades or until 1907. He was a bencher for the Law Society of Ui)iH'r Canada in 190G-7, and in the latter year he removed westward to Winnipeg, where he iias since iicen actively engaged in practice. He is a meudjer of the bars of Ontario, ]\Ianitoba and Saskatchewan with patents as king's counsel from the first two provinces. He is well known among legal practioiu-rs as a sound and careful lawyer. Mr. Dennistoun has an interesting nulitary chapter in his life iiistory, having served as an officer in the Fifty-.seventh Regiment of Peterboro Rangers, for which he received tiie long .st^rvice medal. Tiie cause of education lias likewise j)rotitcd by his chamitionship and for many yi^ars he has been a governor of Trinity College School of Port Hope. A Ma.son. an Anglican and a eonsiM-vative, these indicate his attitude toward his fellowmen, his recognition of moral obligations and his interest in vital political topics. 438 THE STORY OF MANITOBA III 1802 Mr. Dfiiiiistoun was niarricil to ilildn-d Heck, a daughter of the lu'v. J. \V. H. Beek, M. A., i-anoii of St. Allmiis cathedral and rector of Peter- horo. They have five eliihlreii: James Alexander, gentleman eadet of the Koyal Military College of Kingston, Ontario; John Homeyer, undergraduate of Trinity College. Camhridge; Robert Peel, a student of Trinity College School, Port ilope, Ontario; anl Willis jMcKerchar in his boyhood and youth, for he was reared on the old homestead farm in Glen- garry county until fifteen years of age, when, in June, 1879. he accompanied his parents on their removal westward to the newly settled Init rapidly develop- ing province of Manitoba. The father took np a homestead' on the Little Sas- katchewan at Strathclair, being one of the first settlers of that district. He was therefore closely associated with its agricultural development for a con- siderable period and passed away in 1901 at the advanced age of seventy-six veal's. Daniel W\ McKerehar was educated in the iuiblic schools of Glengarry, sup- plementing that training by a term in the public schools of Winnipeg and fur- ther study in ^Manitoba College, from which institution he was graduated in 1887 with the degree of B. A. Subsequently the Master of Arts degree and later that of Bachelor of Laws was conferred upon him, winning the latter in 1895. In the meantime, on the completion of his more specifically literarj' course, he took up the profession of teaching which he followed for four years in Manitou and ilorden, but he regarded this merely as an initial step for other professional labor and in 1892 entered upon the study of law. being called to the bar in February, 1895. After a year spent with the law firm of Campbell & Crawford, of Winnipeg, as junior partner, he entered ui)on an independent practice and has since been an active representative of his profession in this city. Constant study has continually broadened his knowledge of the law and care- ful analysis of his cases enables him to correctly apply the principles of law to the i)oints in litigation. In a profession where advancement depends entirely upon iiulividual merit he has gradually worked his way upward and the pub- lic and the profession alike regard him as one of the strong representatives of the W'innipeg bar. He has been for seven years a member of the council of the Winnipeg and Manitoba Bar Association, and for nine years one of the examinei-s in law in the University of Manitoba. He was for some years official administrator for the eastern judicial district, or until 1900. when the system was changed and the business of that office was transferred to a trust company and was no longer transacted by an individual. DAMKI. W. McKERCHAR J THE STORY 0I<' MANITOBA 441 In 1896 Mr. McKerchar was married to Jliss Kate McKenzie, a daughter of the hite Rev. M. McKen/.ie, of Mortleu. who for many years was pastor of the Preshyterian ehiirch at that place. They are now the parents of one son, Ranakl. Rotli Mr. and MVs. ^IcKerchar are al.so active and helpful inembei-s of the Presbyterian denomination, belonging to 8t. Stephen's church, in which Mr. JMcKerchar is serving as chairman of the board of management. For the past twelve years he has been one of the directors of the Young Men's Chris- tian Association and takes an active and helpful interest in various lines of church anil Christian work, seeking ever to promote the moral progress of the comiiuiiiity. He belongs to the Caiiailiaii Order of Foresters, the United Work- men of America, the Carleton Club and the ('anadian Clul). being a member of the executive board of the latter. There have been manifest in his life record those (pialities of upright, honorable manhood which ever awaken confidence and regard and combined with his i)rofessional abilitj- have placed him in a leading position among the citizens of Winnipeg. CARL F. JUST. Carl F. .lust is one of the youngei', but none the less ])rominent, representa- tives of real-estate interests in Winnijieu-. conducting business under the name of the Canadian German Realty Company with offices at 48:5 'Shim street. His birth occurred at Rapidan, ^Minnesota, on the 26th of .lune, 1885, his jiarents being William T. and Dorothy (Mann) Just. The father was an early settler of Miinie.sota, removing to that state with his parents in 186-1, when but eight years of age. He there spent the remainder of his life and followed general agricultui'al pursuits throughout his active business career. Carl F. Just obtained his education in the graded and high schools of ]\Ian- kato, Minnesota, and also pui'sued a commercial cour.se in a business college. When nineteen years of age he became a clerk in a general store conducted by his bi'othcr at Rapidan and a year later accepted the position of manager in another general mercantile establishment of that place, acting in that capacity for a year and a half. In the fall of li)()6 he came to Winnipeg and, in asso- ciation with others, liought out the Canadian German Realty Company. In 1007 he became the sole owner of the business, which he has since conducted independently under the old name. As a real-estate dealer he has been very successful, handling both farm lands and city properties. Starting in business here when the real-estate field pi'eseiitcd a most resent governor of the Central Judiei.il District Jail, was liorn in Godrieh township, Huron county, Ontario, in Jlaivli, 1841. a .son of John and Catherine (Miller) Shepperd. natives of Ireland. Their marriasre ocoirrcd in that eoun- voi. n— 20 442 THE STORY OF MANITOBA try and they came to Ontario in 1826, locating tirst in Strt't'tsville near Toronto where they remained for five or six years. At tlie end of that time they removea to Huron settlement, wliere they were among the earliest settlers. There the father folluwed tanning for some time but tlied a eonipai-atively young man. Captain \V. Shepperd is one of a family of ten ehildrcn, only twD of whom are still living. He spent his hoyliootl in (Jodi'ich and Clinton townshijis and after eom])leting his education in the pulilic schools started in business in the latter section with an ekler brother. In February. 1882, he canu' to ilanitoba and located in I'ortage la Prairie where he engaged in the hotel Inisiness for cue year. When the railroad was completed to Moose Jaw he went to that city and after one year returned to Portage la Prairie, settling in this city for the second tinu'. January 1, 1885. He again established himself in the hotel business and built up a large and prosperous tntei-prise of this kind. Even- tually, however, he sold out and engaged in farming for tive years in the vicinity, returning to the city in 19(17. In that year he was appointed governor of the Central Judicial District Jail and has since served, discharging his duties ably, conscientiously, antl effectively. In 1871 Captain Shepperd was united in marriage to ^liss Sarah A. Donogh. of OutJlrio, who passed away in 1879, leaving three children: John A., formerly engaged in the printing business, who died in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in 1911; Frances Elizabeth, deceased; and William Clarence, who died in infancy. Captain Shepperd has an honorable and distinguished military record. In 1866 he organized a company in Godrieh township and in the following year was accepted by the government not. however, in time to take i)art in the Fenian raid. In order to make his activities in this line more effective he entered a military school in Toronto and learned methods and tactics. He joined the Ontario militia as a member of Compan.y Seven, of a battalion of nine companies and continued in it until he came to Manitoba in 1882. In 1885, at the outbreak of the second Riel rebellion, a company was organized in Portage la Prairie and Captain Shepperd was made its captain. The regiment spent some time in camp at Fort Qu'Appelle. and saw active service until the supi)ression of hostilities. Captain Shepperd continued his eoiniection with the militia for five years and retired with his present rank, receiving the medal for long and faithful service. Captain Shepperd is a blue lodge Mason and a member of the Order of Odd Fellows. He is well known and widely beloved in Portage la Prairie. A man active and hearty in spirit and interests at seventy-two. of commanding presence and kindly nature, he shows himself constantly to be what he is — an upright and loyal gentleman and a valorous soldier. CHARLES II. NEWTON. Retention in the office of official assignee for the province of Manitoba for more than a decade at once establishes Chai'les 11. Newton as a trustworthy representative of the interests given over to his care. He was born in Quebec, on the 6lh of August. 1851, his father being the late Sanuiel Newton, a native of Yorkshire. England. It was in Quebec that Charles II. Newton became active as assignee and in 1879 he removed to Winnipeg, where he took up his permanent abode. Pie has managed many private business and corporation interests which have demanded the care of an assignee and in 1902 he was appointed to his present position, which he has filled continuously since. His private business affairs are of an important character, largely connecting him with financial circles, for he is now a director of the Bank of Hamilton, the Commercial Loan & Trust Company and the City & Provincial Loan Company, while of the Reid & Whitman Salvage & Wrecking Company he is the president. He has studied THE STORY OF MANITOBA 443 the i|UC'sli(iii of business iiiaiiageinciit from llic negative side in his position as assignee, leai'ning the pitfalls to l)e avoiiled. and in the coiidnr-t of his jji'ivate interests has displayed keen diseernnient and i-eady understanding, leading to a correct solution of intricate financial and eonniiercial prolilenis. In Quebec in l!572, ;\Ir. Newton was nuirried to Miss Frances Frazer, of that city, who died in March, 1907. They were the parents of seven children, six daughters and a son : Walter, of Alberta, who is vice president of the Kil- bourn Newton Company, Limited ; Evelyn, the wife of F. W. Pace, of Winni- peg; Mabel, now Mrs. Gowan, of Chilloway, Britisli Cohimbia ; Constance, who married W. A. Swetnian, of the firm of Richards & Swetnum, barristers, of Wininpeg; Brenda, who lieeame the wife of Raljjh Douglas, of Edmonton : and Lesley and Rae, both at home. In J\larch, 1911, Mr. Newton was again nuirried, his second muon being with Mrs. Glackmeyer, of Quebec. He holds member- ship in Prince Rupert's Lodge. No. 1, A. F. & A. il., with the ludependent Order of Odd Fellows and W'ith the United Workmen of America. He also belongs to the Carleton and Adanac Clubs and is an honorary president of the Winniiteg I\Iotor Club. His religious belief is indicated by his membership in the Trinity church and its teachings are a motive force in his life. Possess- ing a retii'ing natui'c. he avoids j)nblicity and his leisure hours outside of busi- ness are di'voteil to home ami fanuh'. WILFORD PHILLIPS. The carefully systematized intei'ests of the Winnii)eg Electric Railway Com- pany arc directed by Wilford Phillips, who in August, 1900, accepted the position of manager. Technical training and long experience constituted his lireliminary training for the important duties that have devolved upon him in eoiitrolling the street railway intei'ests of Manitoba's capital. He was born in Prince Ivlward county, Ontario, October 8, ISoS, his parents being Smith and Hannah rhillijis. both of whom were of Canadian ancestry. The father fol- loweil the occupation of farming, providing thus for his family. \Vliile spending his youthful days under the parental roof Wilford Phillips acquired his early education in the public schools of his native place and later studied along technical lines in Toronto. Wide reading of various authorities on engineering subjects also tended to promote his jirotieiency and qualify him for the jirofession which he early detei-miiied to make liis life work. Although he renuiincd ui)on the farm until twenty-eight years of age he had during that time ai-(|uii'eil much more than an oi'dinai-y knowledge of engineering and in fact had so lai-gely mastered its |)rinciples' that in 1S9I) he secured a jiosition with the i\Ietropolitan Street Hallway Company of North Toronto, which was the first company to succes.sfully operate an under running trolley road in Canada. His connection with that coi'poration continued until July, 1892, when he was tendered and accepted the jnisition of engineer aiul superintendent of the North Toronto Waterworks & Electric Lighting Conqiany. Each step in ins career since that time has been a forward one. bringing him broader opportunities and wider outlook. In .March, 189:5, he became engineer of the Niagara l''alls Park & Hiver Railway and in 1896 was apjiointed manager of the same comi)aiiy. In June. 1900, he resigned and in August of the same year accepteil the position of nuniager of the Wiiniiiieg Electric Railway Company, which position he has most capably filled. Throughout the intervening years he has made a close study of engineering problems and especially of railway manaireiuent. control and expansion and in his present jiosition he is closely studxinj; needs, ])i-esent and future, in Ibis city in urban and interurban trans- l)oi-tation. As an executive of the company his plans are well and cai'efully fornuilatcd. with the result that Winnipeg's street car service is highlv etlicient. 444 THE STORY OF :MAX1T0BA lu June. 1881, ]\Ir. Phillips \v;is married to ^liss Susan Dorlaiul, of Priiiee Edward uoiiiity, Ontario, and they have one sou. Harold. Mv. Phillips occupies a prominent jwsitiou in the social circles of the city as" a member of the Carletou Club of Winnipeg, aud he is an exemplary representative of the llasonic fraternity, believing in its basic principles of mutual lu'lpfulness and brotherly kindness. Advancement with him has come through his own i)ersisteut pur- pose, broad study, carefully directed enei-g;\- and unfaltering determination, and his career indicates that in this land the patli to business advancement is open to all. FREDERICK JOHN CHARLES COX. The traveling fraternity owes an immense debt of gratitude to Frederick John Charles Cox, secretary of the Northwest Connnercial Travelers' As.socia- tion, secretary aud treasurer of the Order of United Commercial Travelers and secretary-treasurer of the Northwest Conuuercial Travelers' Clul), who has for more than twenty years been intinuitely identified with these interests and has been most successfully active in improving conditions. He was on the road himself for many years and thus has had the opportunity of noting the defi- ciencies in service and the most crying needs of traveling men and, liaving not only the perception of a keen observer but the active force of a reformer, has set himself to the task of eliminating diseoiuforts and relieving conditions. He still keeps in touch with his brothers of the road and gives perhaps the most active interest of his life to their affairs, although he is conclucting a success- ful business as manufacturers' agent in "Winnipeg. He was born at Hudders- field, England, in 1860 and is a son of James "Whitaker and Emma Eliza (Spurr) Cox, natives of London, Phigland, who came to Winnipeg in 1880. Up to the time of his death the father of our sub.icct was connected witli the firm of Thibedeau Brothers, wholesale dry-goods merchants of "Winnipeg. Frederick Cox was educated in private schools in England and in a col- lege at Hamburg, Germany. After laying aside his books he was emplo.yed by the wholesale dry-goods firm of Thomas & Jones of London and retained this connection until 1881, when he came to Winnipeg aud secured a position in the employ of Thibedeau Brothers as house salesman. In this capacity he acted only a short time, being soon promoted to the position of traveling salesman, continuing to work in their intei-ests until 1892. During this time he became closely interested in conditions as they affect traveling salesmen and set out for improvements. He .joined fii-st the Northwest Commercial Travelers' A.sso- ciation. liecoming a memlier in 1886, and in 1901 he was elected secretan' and has held the jiosition since that time. A small idea of the value and importance of his work may be gained from the fact that when he entered upon the duties of his office the nuMnl)ership in the association was about five hundred. Today it has increased to seven thousand and the assets of the society on December 20, 1911, were two hundred and fifty-seven thousand dollars. The organization owns the Travelei-s building, in which Mr. Cox lias his offices, and which is the largest building of its kind in Canada and the first erected in the western part of the country. When the Order of United Commercial Travelers was organized in Winnipeg in July, 1899, Mr. Cox was immediately .selected as secretary and treasurer and has since held the position. He is also secretary-treasurer of the Northwest Commercial Travelers Club. It is hard to estimate the value of the work he has done in these different relations. He is the most pojiular man in the Dominion among members of the traveling fraternity, who recognize in him not only an active worker in their interests but also a man whase early associations and personal experiences give his labors intelligent direction. Through his close connection with various traveling organizations he has in- directly, but in a very real way, aided in the widespread movement for improved 1"i:ki)i;i!1('k J. c. co\ THE STORY OP MANITOBA 447 hotel conditions throughout Canada, thus In-inging daily comfort and con- venience to thousands of men. In 18!)2 Jlr. Cox severed his connection with Thibedeau Brothers and started in business for himself as a manufacturers' agent. In the twenty years of his activity he has built up a large and contiuuallj' increasing patronage. He handles all kinds of manufacturers' supplies but specializes in those iised by builders. In this connection he is secretary and treasurer of the ilanitoba Building Society. In 1888 Mr. Cox was united in marriage to Miss Lilia May Erl), a daughter of L. II. Erb, of AVinnipeg, who ciime to the city in 1874 and established here the tirst distillery. ]Mr. and 31rs. Cox reside at The Grange, on Anderson avenue. In fraternal circles Mr. Cox is prominent and well known, being a past mastei- and a life member of Ionic Lodge, No. 25, A. F. & A. M., and a member of Manitoba Sovereign Consistory, S. P. R. S. He also belongs to Khartoum Temple, A. A. 0. N. M. S. Socially he holds membership in the Carleton Club and the Clef Club, and is active in tlie atl'airs of the Canadian Club, the Win- nipeg Motor Club, the Stonewall Cluli, and is commodore of tlie "Winnipeg Yacht Club. He is vice president of tlie Canadian Industrial Exhibition Association, antl a director of the Industrial Bureau. In politics Mr. Cox has always been an intelligent and active worker aiul .served for six years, from 1904 to 1910, as a member of the "Wimiipeg council. During his tenn he did much able work for the city's welfare. Serving as he did at the time when Winnipeg was taking its position among the large cities of the American continent, the nature of his activities had a direct bearing upon municipal growth. The city was fortunate to number among her public otticials at so critical a period a man of such broad and impartial judgment, such political discernment and such effective public spirit. FRANCIS OGLETREE. No history of the pioneer settlement or of the upbuilding and development of Portage la I'rairie and- the surrounding district would be complete without mention of Francis Ogletree, one of the hrst settlers in this part of Manitoba. In the early days he bought land in the district from the Indians and during the years has developed many acres of fine farming land, has assisted in the building up of business institutions and taken an active part in public life. To liim this section of Manitoba owes a great deal of its prosperity, its rapid advancement in the establishment of needed institutions, its wealth and it^ substantial political condition. For some years past Mr. Ogletree has lived in retirement in his lieautiful home in the west end of Portage la Prairie, rest- ing after an active life s|)cnt in useful, heliiful and lasting things. A native of Ireland, he was born in the province of Connaught, April 4, 1826, and is a son of Michael and Annabella (Scott) Ogletree, natives of the p]merald isle. The maternal grandmother's name was Ross, and she was of Scotch oi'igin. and this ancestor brings a lively strain of blood of that race to the family. The fatiier of our subject was well known in Ireland as a member of the mounted eonstaliulary and his brother. John Ogletree, was a sergeant of the foot constabulary. In 18l!0 ^Michael Ogletree lirought his family to America and located in Wolfe township, Granville county, Ontario, among the earliest settlers. Later he removed to Kent county and was again a pioneer. Here he engaged in farming, developing his land successfully until his death, which occurred when he was seventy-four years of age. Mr. Ogletree of this review was the youngest in a family of eight children. He was reared at home and acquired his education in the public schools of Brockville, Ontario. lie remained with the family until his parents had passed 448 THE STOliY OF MANITOBA away, his iiiotlier dyin": at the age of eighty. Mr. Ogh'tree inherited the farm of two hiiudred acre.s and immediately afterward sold the jiroperty and started for -Mauitoha, having aeiiuired a fair knowledge of the conditions and resources of the provinee tiirough his wide reading, lie was aeeonipanied hy his nephew, Thomas W. Boddy, now of Windsor, Ontario, and the entire journey was made with liorse teams. Starting from their home they journeyed to ^\■indsor, Ontario, crossing to the American side and going to St. Paul, Minnesota, and thence on to Fort Garry, which is now Winnipeg. On this journey they encountered many dangers, otistacles and hardships, all of which they con- quered with characteristic resolution. At one time they came to a river on which the ice was running and, not caring to risk the crossing, they followed the stream forty miles before they finally secured the services of a half-breed, who took their wagon across the river in canoes which were made of logs. The horses swam across and the party resumed their perilous journey. Altogether the horses swam seven rivers and at one time Mr. Ogletree and his nei)hew were obliged to remain in one place for seven days owing to the high water and the wet roads. When they arrived at Fort Garry they learned that there was a piece of land near Portage la Prairie which was then occupied by the Indians but which might be purchased. Staking out the land he wished to buy Mr. Ogletree tried to negotiate for its sale and after much trouble ac(|uired the property, paying the Indians one hundred and fifty dollars in gold and to another gentleman who had an interest in it forty dollars, thus acquiring at a comparatively low price seven hundred and seventeen acres of vahiable land. On the 16th" of July, 1869, he returned by team to Faribault. Just as he was about to start he met two Baptist missionaries named Davidson and Bald- win who were looking for a suitable location for a settlement. They gave ;\Ir. Ogletree forty dollars to take them down to St. Cloud. I\Ir. Davidson, who was very ill, received an unfavorable impression of the country at this time but when his health improved his views changed and he afterward lectured throughout the province of Ontario upon the rich opportunities ofTei-ed by Manitoba to the settler. From Faribault Mr. Ogletree went by train to Ontario and returned in the early summer to Portage la Prairie and began farming the land which he had taken up. For fourteen years he engaged in general farm- ing and brought his place to a high state of cultivation. The farm is still in possession of the family, being owned by Mr. Ogletree 's oldest sou, Henry, who is carrying on its development and improvement. He has made it by his progi-essive and systematic methods highly productive and has harvested as high as forty bushels of grain to the acre. In the course of years Mr. Ogletree "s attention was turned to the public life of his district, for he was ever a man of broad interests and effective public spirit, having already in Kent served in the town and county council, and as reeve for one term. In 1871 he was appointed to the legislative council of the province, this body being the first regularly established legislature to sit in Manitoba. The council met in Winnipeg, which was then called Fort Garry, and the seven members did able, conscientious and businesslike work for six years, finally voting themselves out of office, considering their sei'vices an unnecessary expense to the provincial government. Some time afterward Mr. Ogletree was appointed by Hon. David Mills, one of his old Ontario friends and afterward chief justice of Canada, to the po.sition of Indian agent, which he filled capably for twenty years. He proved himself to be an honest and efficient officer and although his term of service extended over a particularly troublous period, including the years of the second Riel reTiellion, he never had any difficulty with the eight tribes under his jurisdiction. He has reached the age of eighty-seven and for some time has lived in retirement. During the years since his settlement in Portage la Prairie he has been one of the greatest and most dominating forces in the upbuilding and development of ^Manitoba and has done maich by his well directed work and fine enthusiasm to jnake the province better known and to spread a more general knowledge of its resources THE STORY OF MANITOBA 449 and opportunities. lie has beside actively assisted in the Imilding up of institutions and while he has never advised anyone to move into i\Ianitoba, pi-clVri-ing' always to leave the nuitter to individual judgment, yet his example has led many I'esidents of Ontario to the Portage la Prairie distriet, which has been srltled almost entii'ely by ])e()|ile from the latter province. Ills retire- ment has rewarded a life of honorable laboi' which has affected more important things than his individual prosperity because it has constituted one of the dominating elements in the growth of ilanitoba. Mr. Ogletree has been twice married. In 1848 he wedded Miss Janet Mc- Larty, of Scotland, and by her had twelve children, three of whom are still living: Henry, who is farming the homestead; Archibald; and Isabella, now Mrs. John .Mo.ss. After the death of his first wife Mr. Ogletree married her sister, who was in her maidenhood Miss ilary ]\Iarents being Richard Taylor and Ida Klizabeth (Wynyard) Bellhouse. Ho olitained his education at Stuttgart, Gei'many, and Ncuchatel. Switzerland, and began the study of architecture at Bruges, Helgiiuu, then jiassing the examination adnutting him to the Royal Academy Schools of London, from which he was graduated in 1882. In the following year, 1883, he came to Manitoba, locating at Cypress River, where he followed general agricultural pursuits until 1897, when he took up his abode in Winnipeg. During this period on the farm all the early trials and tribulations of the pioneer were experienced by Jlr. Bell- hotise and many a load of wheat he hauled sixty-five miles to the nearest rail- way point, receiving from thirty to fifty cents per bu.shel. During the first 450 THE STORY OF .MANITOBA four years of his residence in "Winni|n>en secretary and managing director of the company which operates under tlu' name of the Arnett ^Manufacturing Company since January, l!n2. and has done much by his alile management and I'xecutive ability to pro- 460 THE STORY OF MANITOBA mote tlie prosperity ami ili'Velo|Miu'iit of an important industrial enteri>i'ise. He is i)resiment of his business, and his straightforward metliods and honorable standards have drawn to him. a libei-al pati'ouage, at the same time gaining him the confidence, respect and esteem of all who are in any way a.ssociated with him. J. H. HLXES. Auoliicr eastern Canadian who has proved that the west has plenty to offer anyone willing to work is J. II. Hines, who gained his early training in some of the foremost manufacturing establishments of eastern Canada. He was liorn June 2(), 1879, in the cit.y of Brantford. Ontario. After a high-school edu- cation, lie slatted life as office boy in tlic Waterous Engine Works Company, remaining in tliat first responsible position for a boy of thirteen, for six months, when his people, wiio were in the plumbing ami heating engineering business, recpiii't'd his .services. After four yeai's there without advancement, he decided to again start out for independence witli strangers, and secured a position with Frank Coekshutt & Company, which firm at that time operated a large depart- ment store, and after two years' work, at the age of nineteen found himself in cliarge of the financial business of the company. Mr. Ilines retained his con- neetion with Frank Coekshutt after the department business was disposed of, and in tlie course of a .vear, on the death of Ignatius (^oekshutt, the founder of tlie iiusiness, and the formation of The Coekshutt Seeurities. Limited. The Brant- ford and Oakland Koad Company, Limited, the Brantford Hosiery Companj', and other ■"Coekshutt" enterprises, was given charge of the oftiee and financial end, in which position his close connection with such business men as the Cock- shtitts proved not only valuable at that time, but gave him experience, which in later years assisted largely in making a success, by having prepared him for heavier responsibilities under less favorable eireumstiuices. Fn l!t(»7, Mr. lliiies decided to leav<' the Coekshutts. and to get into business on his own aeeount, and nafni-ally looked to the west as the more favorable field, which olVei-ed an opening for a young fellow with a little <-ash in the shape of a partnershi]) in the Winnipeg Clothing: ('oiii])any of Winnipeg, a wholesale manufacturing concern. But on investigation on the ground, this was found to have been greatly misrepresented and the green fields of the far away west having turned out a myth, it was up to him to "find a job" and to get down to the real fight and earn a living among strangers for the first time, wliieh natur- ally turned him towards the business he knew liy liaving followed in the east — Vol. U—2\ 466 THE STORY OF MANITOBA that of finance and aecoiuiting. Here his financial friends and his aeciuaintance- sliip Ihrouf^h eastern business connections of the past, soon secured him a position with the firm of Wehh. Head & Ilejjan, accountants and auditors, of Winnipeg, as a business systemali/.er. but after a few niontlis work, lie was ort'ered a position with the llanlmry Coinpanies. which gave the start so badly needed and so hard to find in the months just after the great (l!)07j depres- sion and in March, 1908, he was made secretary-treasurer of the ^Manitoba Hard- ware & l^umber Company, Limited, and, afterwards, on the formation of The Hanbury .Manufacturing Company, Limited, and the North Star Lumber Com- pany, Jj'imited, and other concerns, was given the same position with them. By conscientious work anil steady application to liusincss, he was advanced to the position of general manager and more recently was elected vice i)resident of the Hanbury Hardware Company, Limited, and the .Manitoba Hardware & Lumber Company, Limited, and to a directorate in the North Star Lumber Company, Linuted, and The Hanbury Manufacturing Company, Limited, wliich came as a reward for honest efl^'ort. ]\Ir. Hines has always taken a keen interest in military affairs, and until recently retained his eonneetion with his old regiment at Brantford, the Duft'- erin Rifle of Canada, only recently transferring to the Twelfth Manitoba Dra- goons as paymaster with the rank of captain, which rank he still holds. He is a devout adherent of St. Matthew's Episcopal church at Brandon, and a strong supporter of that faith. While an enthusiastic eighteenth degree Mason and a member of Knights of Pythias oi-der. he has never sought office in those societies, preferring to be a quiet and loyal suppoi'ter. He also holds membership in the Commercial Club and Brandon Club. As general manager of the largest wholesale hardware business in the Bran- don district, his time is given to that and affiliated concerns, and he is only prominent in his own business circle, not having the time to devote to public affairs. He is not an office seeker, but a strong, if quiet, supporter of his politi- cal friends and is always ready to give assistance when it is re(|uii'ed. J. A. McLACHLAN. J. A. McLachlan, owner and publisher of the Empire Advance of Virden, since 1904, was born in London, Ontario, November 13, 1S69, a son of John A. and Sarah McLachlan. His father was a native of Scotland, who came to Canada as a boy in the early '4:0s and began his active life as a commercial traveler for a mei-cantile house in which capacity he acted until his death in 1880. He is buried in London. He was a stancli conservative and always gave loyal sup- port to the principles and policies of that party. In his family were four chil- dren: J. A., of this review; A. J. B., proprietor of the Manville Empire, of Alberta; Beatrice, the wife of E. M. Conroy, a traveler, with liead(iuarters in Virden ; and Nelles C, who resides at Regina. Saskatchewan. J. A. ^McLachlan received his prinuiry education in the public schools of London and left the high school of that city at the age of fifteen. From early childhood he had a desire to be a printer and after leaving school began learn- ing the trade under the direction of a friend who followed the same line of occupation. When he had mastered the details of the work he established a .iob printing shop and soon became so successful that he was obliged to increase his office capacity. In 1904 by a natural evohition he became identified with .jour- nalism, beginning the publication of the Empire Advance. He has since made this an excellent paper and its circulation and advertising patronage have greatly increased year by year, under his able management. He has kept in touch with modern advancement in journalism and has done nmch for the city in his cham- pionship of those measures which he thought would prove of public benefit. He has a well equipped office and employs seven printers. He makes it his aim THE STORY OF MANITOBA 467 to keep the establishment supplied with the most modern and approved machin- ery to facilitate the publication of his paper. Jlr. JIcLachlan is also an extensive real-estate owner, liavinuf valuable holdings beside his printing plant and the property u])on whicli it staiuls. On June iS, lyiO, .Mr. .McLachlan was united in marriage in Virden, to Miss I\l. L. (irundy. a daughter of ^Ir. and Mrs. George H. Grundy, the former a prominent pioneer farmer and grain buyer of this section. Mr. and Mrs. McLachlan have one son, John R. Mr. McLachlan does not affiliate witli any political party, keeping his inde- pendence of conviction and voting always for the man whom he considers most capable. He is a member of the ^Methodist church and prominent in fraternal circles, being a ^Mason and an active memlier of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Since entering the journalistic field he has been a factor in the upbuilding and development of the town through his advocacy in the columns of his paper of progressive public measures and through his cooperation with many movements for the general good. ROBERT J. HAWORTH, M. D. Dr. Ha worth has for twenty years been engaged in the practice of medicine at MacGregor, and as he was for years the only representative of his profession within a radius of twenty-five miles is widely known throughout all that dis- trict. He is a native of Scotland, having l>een born in Dunrossness, Shetland ishmds. in the month of August, 1853, but of English extraction. His parents were iienjamin Nightingale and Annie M. (Baillie) Haworth, the father a native of Lancashire and the mother of Lincolnshire. Benjamin N. Haworth, who was a nnnister of the Wesleyan ^Methodist church, was filling a charge on the Shetland islands at the time of the birth of his son, but was subsequently returned to England, his pastorate being changed every three years, in accord- ance with the rules of the general conference of the church at that period. At the time of his death, which occurred at I\ranehester, England, when he was sixty-three, he had been in the ministry for forty years. He was long survived by the mother, who had attained the advanced age of seventy- four at the time of her demise, which likewise occurred in IManchester. They were the parents of tliree children of whom our sul)ject is tlie youngest. Their fii-st born, Benja- nun Ilein-y, is a chemist in Manchester, England, while their only daughter, Mary E., adopted the profession of nursing. She is a woman of marked ability and in addition to the usual graduate work lias ])ursued several special post- graduate courses, and is now connected with the health department of Ashton in Makerfield, the urban district council where she holds the position of lady iicaitli visitor. Tlie prclinduary education of Dr. Haworth was .-icquired at Woodhonse Grove, an elementary and preparatory school maintained by the Wesleyan Methodi.st church in tlic vicinity of Leeds, England, for the benefit of the youths of its clei'gy. I'pon completing his course of study he entered commercal life, remaining a resident of England until 188L In the latter year he came to Manitoba and filed on a homestead and for three years thereafter devoted him- .self to the development of his farm. At the expiration of that period he removed to Winnip(>g and matriculated in the medical department of the l^Ianitolia University, where lie pursued his profi'ssioiud course. He was a diligent stud- ent, standing high in all of his classes, aiul upon liis gi-ailu;ition was awarded the degree of master of surixeiy as well as that of doctor of medicine. He com- pleted his course in 18!)2, and immediately thereafter established an office at Belmont, but six months later he removed to JIacGregor, and here he has ever since been located. During the long period of his residence Dr. Haworth has encduntcred tlie usual ex])eriences of a pioneer iihysician and is still called 468 THE STORY OF .MANITOBA tipon to make long trips to the outlying eouiitry. Ho is a man of studious lialiils ami ])i'ogrcssivi' ideas ami strives to maintain a iiigli standard for Ids l)rofessiou. He keeps in elose toueli with the advanee of seienee through tlie mediuiii of the various nieeiieal .iournais and I)y oeeasional visits to the eiinies ami hospitals of the different cities. Some years ago he pursued a post-graduate course in California, and is now entitled to practice in that state, which fact is in itself a high recommendation as many physicians of recognized standing are unahle to meet the rigid requirements and pass the examinations of that state. In ]!)07, he took a post-,i;raduate course in Cincinnati, giving especial attention to the work in elecli'ical thera|>eutics and X-ray treatment. Tiiat Dr. llaworth possesses more than average skill is evidenced Iiy the e.xcelleMt success he has experienced lioth as a general practitioner and sui'geon. He is widely known throughout this district where he is held in high i-epute, botii by reason of his professional ability and his sterling qualities of character, the worth of which have been thoroughly tested during the long period of his residence. Dr. Haworth has been twuee married, his first union having been with Jliss Catherine Hyder, a daughter of Sergeant-JIajor Hyder, of the British army, whom he married in April, 1897. To them were born three children: Xornuin, who is in the Northern Crown Bank at Hai'ris, Saskatchewan; Gladys Nightin- gale, who is deceased; and Leonard, who is still in school. The wife and motliei' passed away in March, 1906, and in February, 1907, Di-. Haworth mari-ied Rliss Gertrude Alice Runacres, a native of England and a daughter of William Runaeres, who located in Manitoba in 1904. Of this marriage have been born four children, as follows: Enid Gertrude Roberta, Kingsley Robert William, Ivy Gerbert Simmons and Iris Bergert Winnifred. In addition to his large private practice for some years Dr. Haworth was health otiHcer and coroner for this disti'ict, serving in these capacities until the change in government. He is also jihysician and surgeon for the Canadian Pacifii' Kaiiroad in this district. He holds membership in both the Canadian and ^lanitolia Medical Associations, through the medium of which he main- tains relations with his fellow practitioners. Moreover, he is a member of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Albeita. Fraternally he belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Although he takes an interest in all thinks art'ecting the welfare or progress of the community, Dr. Haworth has never figured prominently in local political aft'airs, his energies being conscien- tiously devoted to the needs of his patients, yet he can be dependetl upon to support every worthy project, and is numbered among the progressive citizens of the town. STEPHEN E. RICHARDS. Stephen E. Richards, an attorney at the bar of Winnipeg, active in all branches of law and at the same time solicitor for several large corporations, was born in Brockwell. Ontario, August 28, 1878, his parents being Albert E, and Harriet Edith (Henderson) Richards, the former .judge of the common pleas court in Winnipeg. The son became a pupil in the private school of A. J. Tuffel, of this city, and entered upon the study of law in the office pf Richards & Brantwood, the father being the senior partner of that firm. After thor- ough preparation he was called to the ^Manitoba bar in 1900 and soon after- ward became a member of the law firm of Bradshaw, Richards & Affleck. Upon the retirement of Mr. Bradshaw in 1907 the iirm became Richards, Affleck & Company, the silent partners being ]\[r. Kemp and ^Ir. Fillmoi'C. The fii-m subsequently became Richards, Sweatman, Kemp & Fillmore, They are now engaged in general practice, handling various kinds of cases and acting as the local representatives of a number of important corporations. The work which THE STORY OF MANITOBA 469 I\rr. Richards has done in the courts has hrouf^lit liiiii into piuinincnce as an al)lc and learned lawyer, capable of solving intricate and involved lefral j)r()l>lfiiis. On the 11th of Octohcr. IDO'). in AVinnipc';. Mv. Kichards was man-ied to Jliss ("arlotta Bryan, a daufrhter of (leorge F. Bryan, of this city, and they have two children. Evelyn Carlotta and Edith Margaret. Mr. Richards is a liberal in politics bnt does not seek nor desire public ofifice as a reward for party fealty, preferring to concentrate his energies ujion his professional duties and other interests. He is a member of the [Manitoba, Carletoii and St. Charles Countr.v Clubs, also the AVumipei;- Rowing Club, and was a iiu'iidier of the famous four-oared crew in l!)02-:{. He was likewi.se a mem- ber of the senior eight and won the .junior and intermediate championships of Canada in 1902. He also won the single chamj)ioiiship of the club in 1904. He is a iTicmbcr of the Church of Kngland and his interests are thus of a varied character and of constantly broadening scope, indicating his prominence as a factor in the world's work. HARRY H. :\IcTXTOSH. It is a widely acknowledged fact that the most important work to which a num can direct his energies is that of teaching, whether it be from the pulpit, from the lecture platfonn or from the schoolroom. The purpose of teaching is to develop capacity and to this end Ilai-ry II. Mcintosh is earnestly laboi-ing. He is now .serving as principal of the ^liunedosa Collegiate Institute, which position he has heltl since 1907, and although he is still numbered among the young(M- citizens of this district his efforts along educational lines have ali'cady been attended with marked success. Born in Ridgeway, Ontario, on the 28d of January, ISSO, he is a son of Robert A. and Euretta (Ilardison) ]\lcIntosli, and, as the name indicates, conies of a family of Scotch origin, which, however, has been represented in this countiy for four generations. The father was a pioneer miller at IManitou. ^lauitoba. and at one time was a mill operator at IJrautford. He is liberal in his political belief and for four years served as ma.vor of IManitou. Harry II. Mcintosh was a lad of ten years when he came to Manitolia from l'>rantf(ii-d, Ontario, in 1890. and in the schools of .Mauitou pursued his jireliin- inary education. He graduated from the intermediate school in 1S97 and from the Winnipeg Collegiate Institute in 1900. In 1898, however, he had taken tip the profession of teaching in order to obtain money with which to pursue his education, and in 1903 he entered Wesley College, in connection with the I'ui- versity of .Manitoba, taking therein a si)ecial coui-se in science. After the com- pletion of the four .vears' course in that institution he was appointed pi-iucipal of the Collegiate Institute of ^linnedosa, which, however, at that time was i'anke(l among the intermediate schools, hnbued with the enthusiasm of youth and ins|)ired by ambiticni he diligently ajjplied himself to the duties that de- volved upon iiiiM in his new position, and he worked so earnestly and elVectivcly that during the first year of his connection with that institution he had raised it out of its original rank and placed it in the high-school class. Still urged on by the spirit of progress, he continued his work of advaiu'cment and in the year 1912 saw it i-anked among the college ])re|)aratory schools. Few men. even those who are in politics, are open to the criticism and attack of so many jjcople as is till- educator, lint the j)rogi-es,sive course which Mr. Mcintosh has adopted has, in large measure, won for him the commendation and regard of the public. He I'udeavors to stimulate the efforts of the teachers and ]iui)ils and thus main- tain th(> high standard of work for which the school is becoming well known. On the 2:!d of December, 1909, Mr. i\IcIntosh was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Taylor, who is a daughter of T. 1>. and Sarah (Sander) T.'i>lor, thc^ 470 THE STORY OF MANITOBA father a proiiiineiit fanner and at oue time mayor of ^liniirilosa. One eliild, Hiissell Taylor .Melntosli, lias been born to this union. The family resides in an attraetive home whieh Mr. Melntosli aequired by purehase and which is the favorite resort of a large number of his friends. He is a member of the Inde- pendent Order of Odtl Fellows while his religious faith is that of the Methodist ehurch, and in jjolities he is a liberal. Although he stands practically at the beginning of his career, he has already made his imlividuality and strong pur- pose felt in educational circles of this district, and the future spreads broadly before him with promises of greater achievement and rijter fuUillment. J. II. ARXETT. J. II. Amett, who has been prominently identified with the alVairs of the Arnett Manufacturing Company since its organization, was born in Kerwood, Ontario. January 17, 187!), a son of Ijouis and Angelina (Hughes) Arnett. His father was one of the pioneer merchant.s of Winnipeg and as i)roprietor of the .\riiett (jolden Lion did a tlourishiim- inercantiie business about the year 1880. He died in 1892 and is buried in Hrookside cemetery. His wife makes her home with her son, Thomas L. Arnett, of Souris. J. H. Arnett was brought to the province of ilanitoba when he was not yet one year old. He received his first education in the Carletou school of Winnipeg and when the family moved to Brandon, in 1886, he attended the public schools and the Collegiate Institute there, leaving the latter institution when he was seventeen j'ears of age. After completing his education he taught in the Chater country school and then for two winters assisted Dr. .McKee in Brandon College. He was [iriiicipal of the Headingly school for some time and later held the same position in the Minnedosa school. In 1!)0:3 he came to Souris and in i)artner- ship with his brother, Thomas L. Arnett, established himself in the lumber business, with which he was identified until 1909. When the Arnett Manufac- turing Company was organized Mr. Arnett of this review became identified with it as a shareholder and director and still retains this connection. He is also well known in the real-estate business and in this relation has devoted his ener- gies to the advancement and development of the city, seeking to add to the value of town property and do everything in his jiower to promote municipal improve- ment. On October 5, 1904, Mr. Arnett was united in mari-iage to iliss Belvedere Todd and they have three children: Jonathan Hughes, Vivian Belvedere, and Emerson Lloyd. The family reside in a beautiful modern home well appointed and artistically furnished and they make it a hospitable meeting place for their many friends." Mr. Arnett gives his allegiance to the conservative party. He is a :\Iason and belongs to the Canadian Onler of Foresters. He also belongs to the Poultry Association and is prominent in Souris musical circles. DUNCAN McGregor. Duncan McGregor is president of the company operating the Spring Park Nurseries with offices in the Wallace block and has become well known and successful in this relation. This is, however, only one of his many useful activi- ties, for he was for a number of years a factor in the pioneer development of farm lands and is today extensively interested in buying and selling property and an important land owner in IManitoba and British Columbia. He was born near Glencoe, Ontario, February 23, 1863, a son of Duncan and ]\Iargaret (Ferguson) McGregor. His father was a pioneer farmer in Ontario but in his early life was a sailor on the Great Lakes, defending the English flag in the DlWrAN M.tlllKCOi; THE STORY OP MANITOBA 473 Fenian rebellion. He died in 1900 at the age of eighty-seven and his wife sur- vived him until lHOcS. Both are buried in the Kilmartin cemetery near Glencoe. Duncan McGregor, of this review, was educated in school No. 9, in the town- ship of Moscr, .Middlesex county. Ontario, and laid a.side his books at the age of fifteen in order to assist his father with the farm work. He remained at home until he was twenty-three and then came to Manitoba, where he bought a farm of one hundreti and si.xty acres. It was a tract of unbroken prairie laiul and Mr. ^IcGregor was obliged to clear it before the work of develoi)ment could be begun. Little by little he wrested it from the wilderness and developed a culti- vated and model farm, adding to his holdings from time to time until he had four hundred and eighty acres of the finest and most productive land in the section. Since that time he has been extensively engaged in buying and selling Manitoba farms and owns two fine ti'ads in the province. He is also the pro- prietor of .some valualile pi-operty in British Columbia. In 1!)06 he added to his activities by becoming identified with the Spring Park Nurseries and h;is been president of the controlling comjjany since that time. On February 23, 1889, Mr. McGregor married at Glencoe, Miss Phemie Campbell, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Duncan Campbell, the former a pioneer farmer of Ontario. They have one daughter, Flora, who is attending school. The family resides at No. 218 Fourth street. Mr. McGregor is independent in his political views and votes for the man whom he considers best fitted for the position without regard to pai'ty afTliliafions. He is active in the affairs of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and is a member of the Presbyterian church. lie has many friends in the city of Lebanon and throughout the county, friends who have been gained during twenty-six years of an active and honorable business life. GEORGE MITCHELL. George ]\Titchell has for ten years been identified with the commercial inter- ests of Birtle, wheie he is engaged as a dealer in hardware. f;irming imjilements. lumber, tioui- and feed. He came to Manitoba from Ehnira. Ontario. He is of Scotch extraction and was born in Banffshire, Scotland, his natal day being the 23d of July, 1867. His parents, John and Ann (Forbes) .Mitchell, emigrated to Caiuula with their family in 1873, locating in Waterloo county, Ontario, where the father, who was a farmer, was for many years actively engaged in agricul- tural pursuits. Both he and his wife have passed away and are buried in the Winterburn cemetery, in Waterloo county. As he was only a lad of six years when his j)arents came to America, George Jlitehell has passed the greater |)art of liis life in Canada. In the ac(|uireinent of an education he attended the i)ul)lic schools of Watei'loo county until he was a youth of sixteen, when the work of the fields replaced that of the school room. He renuiined at home and assisted his father with the cultivation of tiu> fanu for about five years thereafter and then started out to make his own way in the world. In 1891, he eanu' west to Manitoba and engaged in the milling Inisiness, wliieli lie I'dllowed for ten years. He next removed to Birtle and the .same year, 1902, bought an interest in the business witii which lie is now identified. It is the oldest haiilwai-e store in the town, and as they carry a well .issorled line of merchandise which they offer at reasonable prices the company has succeeded in building up a large trade. .\f Birtle on the 30th of :\Iareh. 1904, Mr. :\Iiteliell was married to IMiss Eve- lina Laidman, a daugiiter of .Mr. and Mi's. Samuel Laidman. residents of Birtle. The father is one of the pioneer agriculturists of this district. Of the marriage of .Mr. and Mrs. Milcliell, there has been liorn one dauirhter. Evelyn, wlio is attending school. 474 THE STORY OF MANITOBA -Mr. and Jlrs. .Mitulull arc uu'iiibcrs of tlic Prt'sljyteriau cliuri'li, and ho •rives his political sujipoit to tlu' liheral party. He is thrifty and enterprising and siu'li sueeess as has come to liim is the result of his close application and unceas- ing efi'ort. He owns his residence and is nunilicred among the rei)rescntative citizens of the town, where he is accorded the esteem and respect ever extended men of good i)rinciplcs and honest Inisine.ss methods. WIlJdA.M A. IXKSTF.R. William A. Inkster is one of the active and prosperous farmers of the Stone- wall district and is cultivating a farm of two hundred and forty acres. Tiie neat and attractive appearance of this property indicates his careful supervision and practical methods and he is justly accounted one of the leading agricul- turists of the community. He was horn in New Orleans. Louisiana, ]March 7. 1858, and is a sou of John and ]\lary (Fogarty) Inkster. the former a native of JIanitolia and tiie latter of Ti'cland. His father was for many years an engineer on dilferent steaml>()ats on the .Mississijipi river and steamships plying hetween New Orleans and New York, and died in New Orleans, where Iiis wife also passed away. To their union were horn five children : ^Villiam A., of this review; John, deceased; ]\Iary, the wife of G. II. Walker, of Winnipeg; Richard, of Circle City, Alaska ; and one who died in infancy. As a boy William A. Inkster came to Jlanitoha and engaged in farming, and has never abandoned this occupation. He owns two hundred and forty acres of land near Stonewall, which he has brought under a liigli state of cultivation and made one of the most profitable tracts in the section. Mr. Inkster married ]\Iiss ]\Iargaret Tait. and they liecame the ]nirents of eight children: Ellen ]\Iary, who married Joseph Altree, of Sapton, ^lanitoha; Josephine, the wife of James Jetfry, of lialmoral. ^lanitoba; (^onstanee, who lives at home: p]niily, who is a teacher in Gladstone, .Manitoba; and John, Isa- bella, Louis and Geoffrey James, who are still with their parents. The family are devout adherents of the Episcopal church. ]\Ir. Inkster belongs to the Independent Order of Foresters. He gives his allegiance to the conservative party and for a number of years was on the numicipal council. He is interested in all that pertains to the substantial inij)rovement and development of the community in which he resides, being widely recognized as a public-spiritetl and loyal citizen. H. S. TAYLOR. H. S. Taylor is a member of the firm of Taylor UrotluTs, financial agents at ;\linnedosa since IDOO. His business interests, however, cover a still broader scope, for he has been active along various lines whereby not only his individual sueeess has been promoted but also the general prosperity. His residence in this province covers a period of more than three decades, for he arrived in 1882, com- ing from Clinton. Ontario. He was born at Ilusthwaite, England, ^larch 9, 1864. and is a son of William and Anne (Horsey) Taylor, who arrived in the new world in 1872. The father was one of the pioneer boot and shoe mei-chants of Clinton. Ontario, and for a numlier of years occupied a prominent place in commercial circles of that town. His political support was given to the liberal party, which found him a stanch advocate. He died in 1900 at the age of seventy- nine years and his wife passed away in 1904 at the age of seventy -one. both being laid to rest in the Clinton cemetery. H. S. Taylor pursued his education in the schools of Clinton liut put aside his text-books when twelve years of age, feeling it incumbent upon him that he THE STORY OF MANITOBA 475 provide for his own support. He went to work on a farm in the vieinity of his parents' homo and during the first nine montlis the wage paid him was but fifteen doUars. He was employed in that locality until 18y2, when as a youth of eighteen years he eame to ]\Ianit()l)a, where he was again employed as a farm hand for sixteen mouths, although at a greatly in(;reased salary, receiving as high as twenty-tive dollars per month. In the year of his arrival here he took up a hoinestead at Hirtle. He had to borrow two dollars to make uj) the twenty dollars which was the homestead and preemption fee, and he also had to borrow postage in order to send a letter back to his people. He never received any a.ssistancc from his parents until after their death. For his first six months' labor in this province he had to take a yoke of oxen. As opportunity permitted he l)rgan the dexcloimient and improvement of his claim and when he had brought it under a high state of cultivation he sold out. He then turned his attention to conmiei-cial pui'suits. joining his lu'otlier E. J. Taylor in the estab- lishment and conduct of a meat market at Birtle. In that undertaking they Were successful and after a time opened a market at ilinnedosa. continuing in the business for a period of seven years. On the expiration of that period the Taylor brothers established a general store which has also proven a profitable venture. This was in 1900. In the same year they opened an office for the con- duet of business as financial agents at IMinnedosa under the firm style of Taylor lii-otliers. They ai'e conducting a real estate, fire and life insurance and convey- ance business and II. S. Taylor passed his examiiuition before Judge Cumber- land of Hi-andon, with a record of one hundred jx'r cent. At Franklin, .Manitol>a. on thi' :id of October, 1890, ^Ir. Taylor was married to ;\Iiss Hannah J. Anderson, a ilauKliter of Alexander and Jane Anne Anderson, the former a pioneer stone mason of ^lanitoba. To Mr. aud Mrs. Taylor have been born three sons and four daughters: JIabel, who is a graduate of the Minnedosa schools: Hazel V., who is a graduate of the Collegiate Institute of this city: Ethel L. and Audrey M.. who are attending the |)ublic schools; Harry I., wlio spends the winter months in the ^Manitoba Agricultural College and the summei- seasons in getting the lienefits of practical experience through work ujion a farm: ^Valla(•e S.. who is in school: and Beverly C. who is in his third year. The family occupy an attractive home in Minnedosa which 'Mr. Taylor purchased. In politics he is a conservative and has been active as a leailer in his party. He served as alderman and for the past five years has been secre- tary and treasurer of the rural municipality of Odanah. He is very public- si>ii-ited, cooperating in many measures for the general good, and is a member of The -Million for .Manitoba League. Faith in the ultimate triumph of good, a belii'f in his fellowmen. the habit of always living within his means and the following of honest business policies have been features in the success of .Mr. Taylor, who starting out in life at an early ag<' has contiiuiously worked his way upward until he is now at the head of important business enteriu-iscs in Minnedo.sa, his carefully managed investments and eonuuercial and financial activities bringing to him well meriteil success. THE CODVILLE CO.Ml'ANV. LlMlTKi). The history of Winnipeg's cojnniercial development woidd be incomplete and unsiitisfactory were there failure to make prominent reference to the Codville Company, Limited, wholesale grocers on Vicloi-ia street. This is an enterprise which has cnjuycd a steady growth since its establisiimcnt on a Innnble scale niitil today a business of moi-e than (ive'and one-iuilf niilliou dollars annually is being transacted. The present officers of the company are: J. J. Codville, president; II. Bruce (iordon, vice president: aud A. \V. Chapman, secretary and treasurer. The business was founded in (^)iebec under the name of the Thomp 80n-Codville Company but about 1882 a branch was established in Wiinii]icg, 476 THE STORY OF MANITOBA which l)ecami> in 1886 the head office of the firm. lu 1906 the name was changed to the Codville-(ieorj;eson Company, Limited, and upon tlie retirenient of Mr.' Georgeson in 1907 the Codville Company. Ijiiiiited. wa.s orfraiiized witli onicer.s as iDentioned aliove. While estahli.shed as a branch house the l)usiness has steatlily increaseti year by year until the annual sales amount to approximately five and one-half itiillion dollars, while employment is fiu'nishcd to about one hundred and forty people, of whom eighteen are traveling salesmen. Branch houses have been established in Brandon, Moose Jaw and Saskatoon and their trade extends largely over Manitoba. Saskatchewan and a part of Alberta. They are manufacturers and packers of teas, coffees, spices and baking powder, olives, etc., which are sold inuler the name of the "Gold Standaril'" brand, using the "Spade (iuinea," as a trademark. The business has been most carefully sys- tematized in every department, so that maximum i-esults are ol)taine(l at a miniinum exiieiuliturc of time, labor and material — which is the basis of all successful business management. J. J. Codville. the president of the company, was born in Quebec and lived there until after he attained manhood. Later he spent some time in Winnipeg but is now a resident of Ottawa. H. Bruce Gordon, the vice president, was born in Sti'atford, Ontario, and came to AViimipeg about 1880. A. W. Chapman, the secretary and treasurer, was born in Pembroke. Ontario, and is a son of William D. and j\Iargaret Chapman, who now reside at Riverside, California. In 1876 they came to Winnipeg and there the son jjursued his education in the public schools and in the Collegiate Institute. He became associated with his present business in 1885. NATHANIEL FRANCIS HAGEL, K. C. Nathaniel Francis Hagel, who has been termed "^lanitoba's most iioti'd criminal lawyer," has practiced his profession in "Winnipeg since 1881 and the court records establish his position as a skilled and able advocate whose knowl- edge of the law is comprehensive and exact and whose application of legal principles is correct. He was born in the county of Oxford, Ontario, on the 20th of February. 1846, and is the second son of Samuel and Eliza A. (Tapley) Hagel. The grandparents in both the paternal and maternal lines were descended from United Empire Loyalists. His father was born at Aneaster. in the county of Wentworth. Ontario, and was a grandson of one of the pioneers of that county who had settled there in 1798, and who was the first magistrate of the Anca.ster district and otherwise was closely identified with the early history of the county. The mother of Samuel Hagel was a Jerome, belonging to the branch of the family of that name which at the close of the Revolutionary war remained loyal to the British flag and followed it to the wilds of Canada ; another branch of the same family, however, remained in the state of New York, where its descend- ants are prominent in public life. In the maternal line the grandpariMits were of the Tapley and Drake families who also, after the American Revolution, crossed the border into Canada, settling at St. Johns, New Brunswick. The Tapley family removed to the county of Wentworth and there Eliza A. Tapley became the wife of Samuel Hagel, who was a native of the township of Aneaster, Went- worth county. About the year 1820 he removed to the county of Oxford, where he lived until his death, which occurred in Ingersoll in 1891 when he was seventy- eight years of age. Spending his youthful days under the parental roof, Nathaniel F. Hagel pursued his education in the common and grammar schools of Ingersoll and of Woodstock, in the county of Oxford. Attracted to the practice of law, he began studying in preparation for the profession on attaining his ma.iority. becoming an articled student in the office of the late Warren Totten, Q. C, of Woodstock, in 1867. He afterward went to Toronto and in 187:3 was called to the bar at \AI'll.\Mi;i. I'. IIACKI, THE STORY OF MANITOBA 479 Osgoode Hall, there practicing until 1881, in wIulIi year he came to Winnipeg. Through the intervening period of thirty-two years he has here practiced with the exception of about seven years inamediately preceding 1905, during wliich time he was a lui'mher of the l)ar of British Coluinbia and also practiced in the Yukon territory. In the latter part of 1905 he returned to Winnipeg. Following his fir.st arrival in .Maiiitoha he was successively called to the bar of the north- west territories, of Hritish Columbia and of the Yukon territory, and was created Q. C. in 1885. Early in his practice Mr. Hagel took a prominent position at the bar and became known throughout Canada from Toronto to the far west as one of the most able and eloi|uent advocates in the Canadian courts, being particularly distinguished as a nisi prius counsel. Tie has been retained for the defense or prosecution in most of the notabh' criminal cases and many of the otherwise special cases occurring in the west through the past three decades. His practice in criminal law is perhaps larger than that of any other member of the Canadian bar and the extent and importance of his work in that connection led to his being styled "Manitol)a's most noted criminal lawyer." He is strong in argument, logical in his deductions, elo(|uent and forceful in his appeals and his briefs are prepared with the utmost thoroughness and care. In the last half century the lawyer has been a predominant factor in all affairs of private concern and national importance. The man versed in the laws of the country as distinguished from Inisiness men or politicians, has been a recogniz(>d power. He has been depended u]ion to conserve the best interests of the whole people and without him and the approval of his practical judgment the efforts of the statesman and the industry of the business man and mechanic would have proved futile. The reason is not far to seek. The professional barrister is never the creature of circumstance. The profession is open to talent and eminence or success cannot be olitained except by indomitable energy, per- severance, patience and strong mentality. Possessing these (|ualities, ^Ir. Hagel has won jirominence as a trial lawyer and has brought the same i|ualities to liear in i)ublic connections. In politics he is a conservative and for many years has taken an active interest in the atfairs of his party, being for a long time vice president and a mem])er of the executive of the Conservative Association of Manitoba. On going to the Yukon he was made the first president of the associa- tion at Dawson City, a position which he held until after leaving the territoiy. In 1886 he contested the constituency of Rockwood in the interests of the con- servative party under the leadership of the late Hon. John Xor(|uay. tlien premier of ^laiiitoba, but was defeated by a very narrow majority by S. J. Jackson. In 1S91 he contested Kildonaii in opposition to the then (Ireenway governnuMit but. by what has tieen t,'eiiei'ally aclinitted, unfair election practices was again declared defeated by a majority of about seven votes. He stands unequivocally in support of what he l)elieves to be right in political as well as in other con- nections, preferring to follow such a course rather than to hohl the highest offices within the gift of the profession. In 1870 Mr. Hagel was married to Miss Susan Adele Summers, a daughter of David Summei-s, of i\Iiddlesex, Ontario, and a niece of the Hon. Elijah Leonard, senator from London, Ontario. They are the jiarents of five children, three of whom are still living, Maude Victoria Louise. Florence Gertrude Woodman and I'ercy Ehlcn. The last nanu'd is also a member of the l(>gal fraternity, having been called to the bar of Yukon tei-ritory in 1904 and ^Manitoba in 190(). The elder daughter is the wife of Thomas Dui'and, a merchant of Victoria, British Columbia. ^Ir. Hagel holds membership in the Adanac Clul) and Ins religious faith is that of the Church of Englaiul, his interests and activity in church matters being sources of its growth and the expansion of its influence. Since 1871? he has been an exem])lary representative of the Masonic fraternity and his social natui'c finds expression in his membershi|) in the Witmipeg Hunt Club and the Dawson Club, of both of which lie has been president. He was likewise presiilent of 4»0 THE STORY OF MANITOBA the Dawson Conservative Association, of the Yukon llortieiiltui-al and Floral Association and the Yukon Industrial Exhibition Association, while of the Yukon International Polar Institute he was the vice ]iresident. He was an ardent horticulturist durinii he finds plcasui'c and recreation in curling during the winter months. In ])()litics he is liberal but the cares and eniohniients of office have never proven attractive to him. he preferring to give his time and attention to his profession. He is a young man of splendiil physique, tall and commanding in appearance, and his jileasant mannei- and other attractive peixoiud ipi.-iiitii-s have made him 482 THE STORY OF MANITOBA popular with his iiiiuiy friends. The creditable degree of success which has already attended his efforts in his chosen life work would seem to argue for continued advancement in a profession wliicli has direct bearing upon the sta- bility anil prosperity of any coniiiiuiiity. PERRY J^ROWNE. Perry Browne, manager of the o-eneral 7iiercantile establishment of P. J. ^rcDermott, has been identitied with the commercial interests of Franklin for fifteen years. lie is a native of Ireland, having been bom in Pai-sonstown, Kings county, on March 20, 1854, and is a son of James and Jennie (Ringley) . Browne. The parents both died in their native land and are buried at Parsonstown. In 1864 Perry Browne was brought to America by Majoi- Palmer, of the British army, and became a member of the household of his brother, James I'almei-, who was a prominent business man of Kingston, Ontai-io. lie has now retired from active business life but still makes his home in Kingston. The remainder of Perry- Browne's boyhood and youth were passed in the Palmer home, where he received the advantages which usually fall to the lot of lads who are reared in comfortable circumstances. His education was com- pleted at Regiopolis College, from the classical course of which institution he was graduated at the age of twenty years. Having decided to adopt a com- mercial career, he then engaged in business for himself, but in 1882, he dis- posed of his interests there and came to Winnipeg. After three years' residence in the latter city he removed to Minnedosa and again went into bu.siness for himself. In 18!t2. he sold out and entered the employ of ^Ir. JlcDermott in the capacity of liookkeeper. He early manifested qualities which showed he was adapted to fill a position of much greater responsibility and when the firm re- solved to establish the store at Franklin it was decided to put Mr. Browne in charge. That he has proven to be fully adequate to the demands of the position is manifested by his long service in this capacity. He is a genial man of pleas- ing i)ersonality and readily makes friends and to this no doubt can be largely attributed the large patronage he has built up for the company at this point. ^Ir. Browne takes an active interest in nuinicii)al ]iolitics. giving his sup- poi't to the conservative party. He has several times been called to public office, having served as justice of the peace and in other capacities. He takes an active interest in athletics and is honorary president of the Franklin Base Ball Club, and also the Curling & Tennis Chib. Since locating here ilr. Browne has become interested in real estate, acquiring some valuable holdings in addition to his i-csi(lence. which is one of the desirable properties of the town. He is widely known in the comnninity, where he has made many stanch friends by whom he is held in high esteem. WILLIAJI J. DOIG. "William J. Doig. who has been engaged in business at Russell. ^lanitoba, for more than two decades, is at the head of a hardware, implement and house furnishing establishment and has won gratifying success in this connection. His birth occurred at Owen Sound, Grey county. Ontario, on the 16th of May, 1867, his parents being Andrew and Ann (Spalding) Doig. The father, a pioneer builder of Owen Sound, pa.s.sed away in 1901 and lies buried in the cemetery at Cilenboro. ]\Ianitoba. The mother, who survives, makes her home at Birtle in this province. The family is of old Scotch origin. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 483 William J. Doiy attended the piililii' schools at Owen Sound until sixteen years of age and in 1883 came to ilanitolia, being here ideutitied with the build- ing business for a time. Subsequently he turned his attention to general agri- cultural pursuits and in 1891 embarked in the hardware business at Russell on a small scale, his premises covering a space of twenty by thirty feet. As time pa.ssed he gradually extended the sc()i)e of his activities and now conducts a hard- ware, implement and house furnishing business in a block which he erected for the purpose and which is a two-story brick structure with a frontage of one hundretl and sixty feet. The establishment would be a credit to many a much larger town than Russell and stands as a monument to the enterprise and busi- ness ability of tiie man at its head. Mr. Doig also owns and personally manages about two thousand acres of land and is widely recognized as a prosperous and prominent representative of mercantile and agricultural interests here. In politics .\Jr. Doig is a libei-al and foi- four years represented that party as a member of i)arliament in the local house of legislature. He served as a volunteer in the rebellion of 188.") and has ever been a most loyal and publie- sjMritcd citi/.cn. always ready and willing to lend his aid in any movement insti- tuted to promote the general welfare. His religious faith is that of the Presby- terian church and he has ever commanded the regard and trust of his fellow- men. E. H. G. G. HAY. \'>y all standards of modern times E. H. (i. G. Hay nuiy l)e pronounced a dislinclly successful num, for he is living in retirement in a beautiful home overlooking St. Andrews Falls at Lockport, resting after a life si)ent in use- ful, lasting and honorable labor. He has been one of the great forces in the business development of many parts of Manitoba, has been prominent and active in the public life of the province and has aided the Dominion of Canada in her wars. Mr. Hay was born in England, IMarch 11, 1840, and is a son of William and Susiinna (Gunson) Hay, both of whom died in their native country, the mother jiassing away in 1896. In this family were live children : E. H. G. G., of this review; William, deceased; Joseph, who resides in Yorkshire, England; Susanna, the wile of William Bass, also of England; and one child who died in infancy. Mr. Hay i.s truly a self-made man, for, leaving home at the age of thirteen, he has been dependent upon his own resources since that time. For a short period he followed the nuichinist's trade in England but in 1858 determined to try Ills fortune in America. He landetl in New York in that year. In 1861, on the lant in St. Andrews. He continued operations along this line until 1881, his work, iiowever, being inter- ru])ted sonu'what during the rebellion of 186!t. The rebellion was caused by the French, "with some encourageuu'ut fi-om Fenian friends." taking uji arms 1111(1 l"'ort Garry in oi-iler to pievent the new governor, the Hon. William .Mc- 484 THE STORY OF .MANITOBA Doujrall, from entci-iiiff tlu- country until siirli liiiu' as tlic ('.•ni;i(liaii fiovci'iiment made satisfactory arraiigi'iufnts with tiie iiopulation, wlm tlioutrlit tlii'insulves wrongly ti'fatt'il. ^Ir. Hay, with many other loyalists, opposed tins movement, contenACK. I'i'ominent among those enterprises which go to make up the business activitv of .Minneilosa is the hardware concern of Black Bi'othei's, and as its senior mem- ber Janu'S Black (X'cupies a conspicuous ])lace among the inercluuits of the town. He was born in the township of Ros.s. Renfrew county, Ontario, March 2, 1857. a son of George and Anna (Grant) Black. The mother died on the 2lst of Octolier, 1911, having reached the ripe old age of eighty years. The father, a native of Ontario, was one of the pioiieei- farmers of ]Manitoba. taking up a homestead and preeiiii)tion claim near Franklin at an eai'ly day. and he was likewise one of the first lumber jobl)ers of this ilistricf. but is now living retired in .Miiincdosa. He has always been a stanch conservative in politics and has l)een government timber inspector of .Manitoba. In his family were one daugh- ter, Je.ssie, tlu' wife of James Hamilton, who died in 1904 and is burieil in Shakopee, Minnesota ; and the following sons: George I)., who passed away at the age of twenty-oiu' and who is buried in Minnedosa cemetery: Walter, whose death occurred when he was tweuty-rour years of age and who was intei'red in the cemetery of Ross fowiishi]). Ontario; .los(>])h. who died wiu'U eiglit years old and who is buried in Hoss county. Ontario; .lames, of this review; John W., the junior ]iai'tnei- in the tii'm of Bl.ick I'.i-olhers; Charles ('., who is iMuployed in th« hardware store of hi.s brothers; Edward (J., who is engaged in the meat cau- Vol. n— 22 488 THE STORY OF MANITOBA ning business at Groton, Connecticut; and Kobert A., wlio died wlu'ii about tluTc years of age. In tbe pulilic scliools of Kenfrew county, Ontario, James lUack aeiiuiretl ins cdueation, but lie left seliool at the early age of tifteen years and for one year was engaged in teaelung. He then assisted his father in ids hnnber business for a time and also spent two winters in the hnnber canii)s prior to his arrival in .Manitoba. He came to this province in 1879 and for some time worked at the carpenter's trade, for he possessed considerable natural ability and skill in that line of activity. Innnediately after coming to ilanitoba he had taken up a homestead claim and his labors as a carpenter brought him the means with which to carry through tliat project. The homestead was in an entirely unde- velni)e(l eondition. but as the years passed he aiijdied himself so diliLrenlly to its improvement and his efforts were so resultant that when he .sold it in ISDiS it was a finely enltivated i)ropei'ty and a source of substantial income. In the sj)ring of lSi)6 he had taken up his abode in Miiiuedosa and here followed liis trade as a carpenter until 1901. lie then was employed in the sash and door factory at this place for a time, after which, in connection with his brother John W., he established his present business. From a small beginning their enterprise has gradually grown in importance until today they are the owners of the largest store of its kind in the town. They carry a well selected stock of general hardware and the volume of trade which is transacted over their counters is extensive and remunerative. AVhile still a resident of Ross, Ontario, 'Sir. lilaek was married to .Miss .Marj' Snnth, the ceremony occnrring on the 20th of October, 1879. J\Irs. Blaek is a daughter of Thomas and ]\Iary (^luldoon) Smith, the former a farmer and nnlifary veteran. Both parents are now deceased, the father having been buried in Ross, Ontario, and the mother in ^liiniedosa, Manitoba. To 'Mv. and Mrs. Black were born the following children: William G., who was struck by lightn- ing in 1900, at the age of nineteen years, and who is buried in Minnedosa cemetery, Ontario; Mary E. and James S., who have also passed away; Anna ]M., a graduate of the Winnipeg Normal School and now following the pro- fession of a school teacher; Irene E., who graduated from the Brandon Normal School; G. Mabel, who completed a course in the Winnipeg Conunercial College; Hazel H.. a graduate of the Collegiate Institute; D. Nelson, Aylmer and Walter, all pursuing their education; and John H., a lad of five years. The family reside in a comfortable home which ilr. Black has recently remodeled, and are well known in Minnedosa. Mr. Black is a mend)er of the Presbyterian church while his fraternal relations are with the Ancient Order of I'nited Workmen, of which he is serving as treasurer. In politics he is a stanch conservative and for eight years has been alderman, his influence in the city council ever being on the sidi' of progress and improvement. He has followed a progressive policy in the conduct of his enterprise, has given careful supervi.sion to every detail of his business and his prosperity today is due in large measure to the fact that he has never been afraid of hard work, but has labored earnestly and unceasingly in the acquirement of his success. The principles which have governed his business career have ever been straightforward and upright and the prominent position which he occupies today among his fellow citizens is an indication of the fact that success and an honored name can be won sinudtaneously. HENRY ROSE. One of the oldest pioneer agriculturists, in years of continuous residence, in the vicinity of ]\Iinnedosa is Henry Rose, \^■ho owns three hundred and twenty acres of land located on section 4, township 15, range 17, which he has been cultivating since April 10, 1879. A native of Ontario, be was born in the vicin- ity of Smith's Falls, Grenville county, on the 13th of ilarch, 1852, and is a son of THE STORY OF MANITOBA 489 John and Harriett (Coolidge) Rose. The father, who was a farmer, was bom in 1806, and was a member of a United Empire Loyalist family. His death occurred in 1888 and that of the motlier iu 1861. and both are buried in Wolford cemelery ou the Kideau river in the county of Grenville. Ontario, near the old homestead. The family have long been residents of Canada, the grandfather having been a lieutenant in the AVar of 1812. The boyhood of Henry Rose was passetl on the farm where he was born. He was given good educational advantages for the period, having been a student of the Smith's Falls high school and Collegiate Institute at Coburg. Upon com- pleting his studies he engaged in teaching in Ontario for three years and in Manitoba for one, following which he took up the land on which he now resides and turneil his attention to farming. He was already familiar with agricultural pursuits and being descended from pioneer stock fully realized the work and hardships involved in bringing a tract of wild land under cultivation. His holding was covered with brush and a small growth of timber, which had to be cleared away before any effort could be made to prepare the soil for planting. Mr. Rose is a man of good judgment and directed his operations in a systematic wa\- along lu-actical and well organized lines, following a definite method in the achievement of his iiuri)ose. Naturally the residt of his efforts was plainly manifested in the appearance of his farm aiul the improvements which aj)i)eared thereon from year to year. His fields were carefully tilled and planted to such crops as in his judgment were best adapted to the soil, a higli state of pro- ductivity' being maintained through an intelligent and systematic rotation of crops from year to year. As a result he annually enjoyed abundant harvests, and as his circumstances permitted increased the value of his property by re- placing the crude buildings of pioneer days with more pretentious structures and installing about his i)remises varieus other improvements consistent with the spirit of progress he has always manifested in his business. His residence and l>arns are modern structures and provided with the conveniences of the period, while his e(|uii)mi'ut contains every machine deemed essential by the agric'ulturist of today to successful fanning. Stock-raising has also engaged a good portion of Mr. Rose's attention and he keeps eighteen head of cattle and twelve horses, as well as some swine and chickens. On the 2d of October, 1884, ^Ir. Rose was married to ^li.ss Prudence ^Mcdvin- ney. a daughter of AVilliam and Mary A. (Crawford) ilcKinney, early settlers of Peel county. Ontario. Of this marriage have been bom ten children, of whom four died in iufancy. Thos" still living are as follows: "William J., a grad\uite of AVcslcy College, who was the second in the province of Manito])a to receive the Rhodes scholarship prize and completed his classical studies at Oxford Uni- versity, England, and on coming back to Winnipeg taught at Wesley for two years and now is taking a post-gi-aduate course at Leipsie University, Germany ; Arthur 0.. also a graduate of Wesley College, who has been admitted to tlie ministry of the Methodist church of Canada, and is now studying the Polish language in Austria, fitting himself for teaching to those people in Canada; Edith C., who graduated from Normal School aiul is now teaching; Albert, at home, who is engaged in farming in towuslii]) Ifi; Flor(>nce M.. who 7'eeeived a second-class diploma as a teacher, and who is the wife of Edward J. Brown, near Minnedosa; and Crawforil. who will soon complete the couree of the local schools. Mr. Rose was justly pi-oud of his family to whom he has been veiw uuich devoted, providing his children with the best possible advantages he could procure for them, and letting them benelit iu ever>' way by his success. In nudters of faith tiie family are Methodists, and take an active interest in the vai-ious oi'ganizatious of the chui'cii. in wliirh Mr. Hose has held all of the offices. He has always been ])arti(Milai-ly interested in the missionary work, toward the jn-omotiou of which he has contriliutcd generously of both his time and money. Politically he is a liberal and was seeretaiw ami treasurer of the nuuiicipality of t)danah, and also held the otlice of asses.sor. Both he and his family are held in high regard in their connnunity where they are widely known. 490 THE STORY OF MANITOBA he and his brotlier Fram-is liaviiifr lieeu the first settlers in that immediate dis- trict, ilr. l\ose has been a liard worker, applyini;- liiinself eonstantly, early and late, to the promotion of his interests, in wliicii lie has met with a rare dejjree of success. Althoutrh deeply al)sorl)ed in his business, he has found time to meet the requirements of good citizenship, and iias ever been ready to advance the welfare of the community or forwartl its development by "rivinsi liis cooperation to every worthy project or commendable enterprise. HUGO CARSTENS. Hugo Carstens, Imperial German Consul for Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta, is an expert on all subjects relating to Canadian immigration, espe- ciall}' as it touches the German and Austrian settlers in those provinces — a leader among his peojile; a force in the promotion of their interests in Canada, and one of the important factors in the business and swial life of Winnipeg. He was born in Germany in 1806 and is a son of Hei'mann and Deborah (Hedden) Carstens. In the acquirement of an education Mr. Carstens attended the public schools and the gymnasium in Germany. In 1885 he came to Canada, settling imme- diately in Manitoba, where he took up a homestead near Yorkton. He farmed this property for one summer but in the winter of 188.5 secured employment as accountant in the Bank of Gretna, and also for a while was a school-teacher at Ebenezer, Saskatchewan. In the following year he became connected with the Manitoba & Northwestern Railroad, now a part of the Canadian Pacific, as colonization agent and he held this position for five years. lie thus started upon a work in which he has become broadly and deeply interested — a work which has already had an important effect upon the growth of Manitoba, not only in the number of new settlers, but in the quality of citizenship. During the time Mr. Caretens held office in the land department of the Manitoba & Northwestern Railroad he acted also as manager of the Canada Settlers Loan & Trust Company, a British investment concern, which made loans to home- steaders. His colonization work gained recognition in high ipiarters and in 1891, when the Manitoba & Northwestern was purchased I>y the Canadian Pacific, he was made immigration agent for the Dominion government at Winnipeg. He held this position for six years and during that time did able, far-reaching and progressive work. He was sent to Europe in the interest of inunigi-ation and was instrumental in an important way in inducing settlers to come from Germany, Austria and southern Russia. When he returned he gave his atten- tion largely to colonization work among the Germans in the Can.adian north- west and formed many of the largest German settlements in that part of the country. During this period he bought an interest in the only German news- pai)er in northwestern Canada. This was Der Nordwesten, published in Winni- peg, and Mr. Carstens finally became the sole owner. Under his management the paper became one of the largest German organs on the American continent and it holds this position at the present time. In 1911 Mr. Carstens w'as oliliged to sell out his interest in it on account of failing liealth and the paper has since been operated by a stock company. While still connected with the management of Der Nordwesten Mr. Carstens was made Inqierial German Consul, the appointment coming in recognition of his peculiar fitness for the office. He entered upon his duties in 19(17 and since that time has conducted tile affairs under his charge tactfully, courteously and with fine discrimination. His former work has aided him in two ways — by making him familiar with the conditions existing in the Canadian German settlements and with the needs and amt)itions of the settlers, and also by gaining for him the confidence of the people in whose interests he works by making evident his integrity and high sinceritj' of purpose. In the course of years Mr. Cai'stens has become closely lILCd CAKSTKXS THE STORY OF ^MANITOBA 493 associated with the general business life of Winnipeg and has several important connections along this line. He is pi-esident of the Columbia Valley Land Company and is interested as a director in a number of other large financial enterprises tliroughout Manitoba. In 1900 ^Ir. Carstens married, at Wittenberge, Germany, iliss Kaethe Kort, and tliey became parents of two sons and two daughters. The family residence is at No. 141 Stradbrooke place in "Winnipeg. Mr. Carstens is well known in social circles of the city and besides liis membership in the Carleton Club is one of the leading figures in ail the most important German associa- tions. He was one of the founders of the German Society of Winnipeg and was for many years its president. Fraternally he holds membership in Ancient Landmark Loiige, No. 3, A. F. & A. M. In Wiunij)eg he is recognized as a man of unusual ability and force of character, skilled in diplonuiey and one of the valued factors in the conservation of friendly relations between Germanj' and the Dominion. His work effects extensive government interests but its most imi)ortant aspects are those which touch most clo.sely the growth of JIanitoba. W. E. R. COAD, JM. D. Dr. W. E. R. Coad has for fifteen yeais been identified with the professional and business circles of Franklin, where he is engaged in the practice of medi- cine and also owns and conducts one of the best equipped drug stores to be found in this section of the province. He is a native of Ontario, having been born in Huron count}- on the 30th of September, 1872, and is a sou of Thomas and E.sther (Halpennj-j Coad. In flu- paternal line the family is of Irish extraction, but they have long been residents of Canada, the father having been one of the pioneer farmers of Huron county. In liis political views he was a conservative and always stanchly supported the candidates of that party. He passed away in 1890 and was buried in Wingham cemetery, Huron county, where the mother was laid beside him in 1902. Dr. Coad was reared amid the pioneer conditions that yet prevailed in that section of Ontario during his boyhood. In common with the majority of farmer lads he early became familiar with the lighter work of the farm, his duties being increased from time to time in accordance with the development of his strength and his sense of responsibility. In the acquirement of an educa- tion he attended the public schools of Wingham and the Harrison high school until graduated. Later resolving to become a physician he matriculated in the medical department of the University of Toronto, where he pursued his pro- fessional studies until awarded his degree with the class of 1897. In order to become more familiar witli tlie ])i-actical duties of a physician he then entered the Toronto General IIos])ita]. wliei'c he served as an interne for six months, devoting the remainder of the year to substitute work, and in the spring of 1898 was awarded the degree of master of surgery by Trinity College of Toronto. In August of the same year he came to Manitoba, establishing an office in Franklin, where, during the intervening years, he has built up a large practice. Dr. Coad is well adapted to the duties of his profession both by nature and preparation, possessing the sympathetic manner, analytical mind and dominating pei-sonality so essential in tlie sick room. In 1900 lie establislied a drug store, wliich would be a desirable acquisition to a town several times the size of Franklin, as it is s«'ldom such an establishment is to be found outside of a city. He owns tiie building wlicri- his store is located and which was built for the purpose and is well adapted to its jtarticular needs. Here he carries a large assortment of drugs, always having paid especial attention to his prescription department; also a large variety of sueh notions as are usually to be found in a store of this kind, and toilet articles. As his store presents an attractive appear- ance, is conducted in aci'ordancp with a polii'v wliich commends him to tiie 494 THE STORY OF MANITOBA confidence of the coinmimity and his prices are reasonable, he has built up a large trade. In matters of religious faith Dr. Coad is a IMethodist, while his political support he accoi'ds to the man who is best qualified for the office, iiTespective of party affiliations. He is a member of the British Medical Association, and is recognized in local professional circles as a wortiiy representative of the fraternity. Dr. Coad is a man of high standards of conduct and intense loyalty, both of which he has manifested by his careful observance of the etiiics of his profession. His office is located in his busiuess block as is also his residence, ami although his business and constantly increasing pi-acticc make lai'gc demands upon his time, he still finds opportunity to take an interest in matters of vital importance to the communit.y. and is ever ready to accord his cooperation to any movement he feels will advance the material, intellectual or moral welfare of the town. RICHARD WHEELER, L. R. C. P., L. R. C. S., L. M. Dr. Richard Wheeler, a prominent and successful physiciaia and surgeon of Birtle, has built up an extensive and remunerative practice during the eighteen years of his residence here and has in addition made his influence felt as a force in local business development. He was born in County Cork, Ireland, September 21, 1861, and is a son of James S. and Frances (Sadleir) Wlieeler, who left the Emerald isle in 1891 and settled at Arrow River on a fai'ni. where the father died in April, 1911. He had survived his wife for some time, her death having occurred in 1891, a few weeks after her arrival in Canada. Both are buried at Arrow River. They were the parents of four children besides the subject of this review, namely: Frances, who has passed away and is buried at Kilnagross, in the old family burial ground in Ireland ; Henry, who passed away in 1900, at the age of thirty-two, and is buried at Arrow River; Alice, who is residing at New Westminster. British Columbia ; and Frances, the second of the name, who is the wife of Dennis Watere, a well known capi- talist of New Westminster. The family is one of the oldest in Ireland and the ancestiy can be traced back in a direct line to the time of William the Conqueror. Dr. Wheeler acquired his early education in the day school of Clonakilty and was later a student at ]\liddleton College. He completed his preparatory education under a private tutor and entered Queens College, in County Cork, taking there a four vears' medical coui*se. In 1884 he received his degrees of L. R. C. P., L. R. C. S. and L. M. from the Royal College of Phy.sicians & Surgeons of Edinburgh, and with this splendid equipment as a foundation for his professional success he accepted the position of assistant physician in London and there remained for six months, after which he established himself in prac- tice in the south of Ireland. After eighteen months there he determined to try his fortune in Canada and accordingly came to Manitoba, where at first he worked upon a farm for one summer and then took up a homestead of his own and manage it in conjunction with the practice of his profession, gaining rapidly a high degi'ee of success in both activities. He left the farm in 1894 but retained the ownership of it until 1908. When he removed from the home- stead he came to Birtle and since that time has been practicing here, his exten- sive and growing patronage indicating his ability and his high standing in the community. In addition to his profcs-sional duties Dr. Wheeler deals largely in real estate, handling important landed interests. Ho also purchased one of the finest drug stores in Birtle and in both of these ventures has met with most excellent success. He is registrar of the land registration district of the Shoal headquartei*s in Birtle and is medical advi.ser for the Indian School Hospital. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 495 On April 15, 1896, at Birtle, Dr. Wheeler was united iu marriage to Miss Editli Broadfoot and they have liecoine the parents of four chihlren, Doris, Nora, James O. and Betty, all of whom are attending school. Dr. Wheeler is a devout adherent of the Church of England, and fraternally is connected with the Masonic order, the Independent Order of Foresters and the Canadian Order of Foresters and the Orange Order of Briti-sh North America. He gives his allegiance to the conservative party. At all times he has been faithful to the obligations which have devolved upon him as a citizen and as a physician anacity he has since remained. For the past two years he has also been municipal clerk, and he is filling the dual position in a manner entirely satisfactory to all concerned. Mr. Lewin was married in November, 1885, to Miss Amanda Horst, whose family is of German lineage although she was reared in the United States. Unto their union were born three children: George, who was educated in the public schools and is now an assistant in the municipal ofiSee; Frederick, engaged in newspaper work in Edmonton ; and Bessie, yet at home. The family is well known socially in MacGregor. Mr. Lewin is a ;\Iason and also belongs to the Canadian Order of Foresters. Inheriting many of the sterling qualities which have ever cliai'ai-terized the Welsh race, he has won the confidence aiul respect of all with whom he has come in contact, and whether in his official capacity or private i'(>lali1ery at Eramosa. Ontario. The early years of J. B. Armstnuig were passed in the uiievent I'ul routine ch;iraeteristii' of life in tiir rui'al sections. At the usual age he began his 496 THE STORY OF MANITOBA education in the public schools of Eraiiiosa. and continued it in the high school at Ilan-iston. from which he was gradujitcd at the age of twenty years. The succeeding two years he engaged in teaching in Ontario, but feeling the need of more thorougli ]>reparation for tills iirofcssion at the expiration of that time he became a student in the State Normal School at Oswego. New Yoi'k. L']ion the completion of his course of study at that institution he accepted the prin- cipalsliip of the high school at Smilhtown, New York, remaining there for four years. From there he subsequently came to ]\ranitoba, purcluising an interest in the business he is now identified with and in which he represents twelve stockholders. This industry was incorporated in 1901 and during the inter- vening yeai-s has developed until it is now one of the largest concerns of the kind in this province. L. A. Race is the president and manager of the enter- prise, which has been located at No. 1423 Rosser avenue since ]!)06. Mr. Armstrong was married at Westmorcliind, New York, on the r)tli of July. 1900, to Jliss H. Harrison, a daughter of ilr. and ^Mrs. Thomas Harrison, residents of the Empire state. Of this marriage have been liorn two daughters and two sons, in the following order: Grace and Amy. who are attending i)ublic school ; and William Harrison and Elmer. ^Ir. Armstrong erected his residence which is located at No. 1524 Louise avenue. In religious faith the parents are Congregationalists, and fraternally ilr. Armstrong is a member of the Royal Arcanum. In his political views he is a liberal and gives his stanch support to the candidates of that iiarty. He has made many friends during the period of liis residence in Brandon, as he is reliable in business transactions, loyal to tlie interests of tlie conmninity and upright and honoi-able in all of his relations with his fellow townsmen. S. D. WHITE. S. D. White has since 1909 lived in honorable retirement at Brandon, where he owns a handsome residence at No. 431 Third street. He came to the prov- ince of Manitoba in April, 1883, and was here successfully engaged in general agricultural pursuits for a number of yeai-s, ow-niug and cultivating twenty- two hundred and forty acres of valuable laud. His birth occurred at Owen Sound, Grey county, Ontario, on the 24th of January, 1858, his parents being James D. and Emily White. The family is of old English origin. James D. White became a pioneer carriage manufacturer of Owen Sound and later removed to Invermay, Ontario, where he owned a factory. He pas.sed away in 1901 and was laid to rest at Tara, Ontario, and his widow died in June, 1912, at the age of eighty years and is also buried at Tara. They had eight sons and foui- daughters', all of whom ai-e living with the exception of Frederick, who passed away and found his last resting place at Ilartney, Manitoba. S. D. White obtained his education at Invermay, Ontario, and when a youth of sixteen put aside his text-books to learn the business of carriage manufacturing under the direction of his father. Subsequently lie became identified with mercantile interests and in 1892 began farming, purchasing a tract of one hundred and sixty acres from the Canadian Pacific Railroad Com- pany. As his financial resources increased, owing to his untiring industry and able management, he augmented his landed holdings by additional purchase until they embraced twenty-two hundred and forty acres. He made many substantial improvements on the property, erected houses and put up fences, and eventually realized seventy-five thousand dollars on the sale of his holdings. During his active career as an agriculturist he was principally engaged in the raising of grain and stock, including pure bred horses, and in both branches of his business won a gratifying measure of success. For the past three years he has lived retired, his well directed efforts having brought him a handsome com- MR. AXn MRS. S. D. WHITE THE STORY OP MANITOBA 499 petence that enables him to enjov all of the comforts and many of the luxm-ies of life. On the 14th of February, 1895, at Hartney, Manitoba, Mr. White was united in marriage to ^liss Louise Sherrer, her father being John Sherrer, who was formerly a luerehaut ;ind later beeame an agrieulturist of Berlin, Ontario. Tiiey have two daughters, namely : Vera May, who is a student in the Central school ; and Hazel E., who also attends that institution. Jlr. White is a liberal in polities and a Protestant in religious faith. Ilis worth is widely acknowledged by tiio.se wiio know him and in Brandon he has tlic favorable regard of a large circle of friends. IIoWAlU) 15. BEYNOX. Howard 15. lii-ynon. i-olleetion agent, conducting business \inder the name of the II. B. Beynon Company, was born in Strcetsville. Toronto township, Ontario, December 19, 1880, his parents being James B. and Rebecca (Planning j Beynon. Tlie father, also a native of Ontario, was born near Toronto and was reared there upon a farm, after which he devoted the greater part of his life to agri- cultural pursuit.s in order to provide for his family. Tu 1889, however, he dis- posed of his interests in the east and with his wife and children removed to Hart- ney, Manitolia, wliere he again entered upon the work of the fields. He died in 190(i. at the age of se\enty-three years, while his wife passed away in 1898 at the age of forty-inne years. She, too, was a native of the province of Ontario, having been born at Sehomberg, not far from Toronto. In the public schools of Hartney, Jlr. Beynon pursued his education and afterward took up tlie profession of teaching, which he followed for four years in the district schools. A little later he came to Winnipeg where he entered the employ of the 0. AY. Kerr Company, with whom he remained for several mouths. In the spring of 1909 he established the II. B. 13eynoii Company, of wliich he is sole i)roprietoi-. The liusiness consists principally of the buying of accounts, judgments, agrcenu'Uts of .sale, etc. He concentrates his entire time and at- tention upon this undertaking, in which he is meeting with growing and gratify- ing success. In politics !Mr. Beynon is independent, being allied with that movement which is one of the hopeful political signs of the times, indicating that thinking men are not blindly following party leadership but are supporting those candi- dates and measures tliat seem to promise best for the country at large. Tiie nature of Ids recreation is indicated in the fact that he is a member of the Assiuiboiue Lawn Bowling Club and the StratlKona Cuiling Club. WILLIAJI STEWART. William Stewart is one of the enterprisinir and diligent agriculturists of \'irden. where he owns three hundred and twenty acres of land located on township 11, range 26. He was bom in WellingtoM county, Ontario, on the 2d of July, 1877, and is a son of Ileniy and Ileh/n ^IcLaughlin (Swan) Stewart. The father was a native of Scotland whence he came to Anuuica with his parents, who located in the jirovinee of Ontario in 1845. There he was reared to nuinhood ami [la.s-sed the greater period of his life, devoting his energies to farming. In Jlarch, 189(1, he removed to Manitoba with his family and here continued his agricultural juirsuits on a farm lo<-ated two miles north of his son William's homestead during the renuiinder of his active life. Both parents are now deceased and are buried in the cenuMery at Virden. 'Slv. Stewart possessed the diligence and thrift, honesty and loyalty characteristic of the Scotch race. He was held in high regard in his conununity, where he had many stanch friends, who appreciated his worth and realized that they had sustained 500 THE STOKY OF MANITOBA a great loss when he passed away. He was an anient supporter of the liberal party and took au active interest in all publie affairs, giviuf^ his eooperation to every movement he felt would promote the intellectual, moral or material wel- fare of -the comnuuiity. The Ijoyhood and youth of William. Stewart were passed in his native county, where he attended the public schools until he was a lad of tifteen years. Thereafter his undivided attention was devoted to the cultivation of the home farm. He accompanied his parents on their removal to i\Ianitoba, continuing to assist his father until 1899. In the latter year he rented tiie i)laee where he now lives and eufraged in farming for himself. For two years he cultivated this land as a renter, but at the expiration of that time he jinrcha.sed it. Although he does some diversified farming, his fields are almost entirely planted to grain, and he also raises such stock as is needed about the place. He is meeting with success in the development of his interests and is numbered among the capable agriculturists and enterprising business men of his comnuinit.v. I\[r. Stewart was man-ied on the 25th of October, 1905, to ^liss Edith Car- scadden. a daughter of George E. and Anna Carscadden. The mother is still living but the father i)assed away on January 10, 1896. and is buried in the Virden cemetery. To ]\Lr. and ]\lrs. Stewart has been l>oiii one daughter, Frieda A. M., who is now one year of age. Mr. and IMrs. Stewart are membei-s of the Presbyterian church, in which he has held the office of manager since 1906. Politically he supports the liberal party. Mr. Stewart is a man of energy and determination of spirit and is meeting with the success in his business which invariably rewards these qualities. ROBERT BLAIR. Years of unremitting toil and constant application have enabled Robert Blair to attain a position which numbei's him among the prosperous agricul- turists of Franklin, where for more than twenty years he has been engaged in diversified farming and stock-raising. He holds the title to four hundred and eighty acres of fertile land located on section ti of township 15, range 16, and section 3, township 15, range 17, which, under his development, has been trans- formed into one of the attractive and valuable farms of the community. Mr. Blair is a native of Ontario, having been born in Renfrew county on the 5th of May, 1841, and is a son of William and Elizabeth (McMunn) Blair. The father, who was one of the early pioneer farmere of Ontario, filed on a home- stead in Renfrew county when that district was almost entirely a wilderness. There he encountered all of the experiences which devolved upon the ma.iority of the frontiersmen of that period, working tirelessly early and late until he had cleared and placed his tract under cultivation. He lived to attain the venerable age of eighty years, and long before he passed away, in 1902, the district had been converted into highly cultivated and well improved fai-ms, while near by were thri-\ang towns where could be found all of the comforts and conveniences of modern life. He had long survived the mother, whose death occurred in 1872. They are buried in ]\IcLaren cemetery, Ross township, lien- frew county. The Blair family are United Empire Loyalists. All of the varying phases of pioneering are familiar to Robert Blair, who has passed a large portion of his life on the Canadian frontier. His childhood and youth were passed amid the primitive conditions that then prevailed in the outljdng districts of Ontario, and naturally his earl.y advantages were very limited. In the acquirement of an education he attended the district school, the sessions of which, when he first began, were held in a horse stable. Having acqiiired such knowledge as w^as deemed essential and his services being required at home, at the age of fourteen yeai-s his school books were laid aside and he undertook the work of a man on the farm. In common with the majority of THE STORY OF MANITOBA 501 pioneer lads he had early become familiar with the duties of the agriculturist, and was already qualified to assume much of the respousitiility in connection with the tilling of the fields. He remained at home assisting his father until he was twenty-tive, when he started out to make his own way. obtaining work in the lumber camps. He continued to be thus employed until he came to ilani- toba in 1890, since which year he has given liis undivided attention to agri- cultural pursuits. Upon his arrival here Mr. Blair purchased his present farm, which was then in a wild state, paying for it a thousand dollars. During the intervening ])eriod, by the employment of systematic methods exercised in an intelligent and practical maimer, he has wrought a marvelous transformation in his holdings. His fields have lieen fenced, and they are carefully tilled, having attained a high state of productivity. They are planted to such crops as in liis judgment are best adapted to tlie soil and this year he harvested more than five thousand bushels of grain, of an excellent quality. In connection with diversified farming Mr. Blair has given much attention to the raising of stock, particularly thoroughbred Clydesdale horses, of which he has sixteen and he also keeps fifteen head of cattle and other stock. As prosperity has attended his efforts he has imjiroved his place by the erection of more substan- tial buildings, and the introduction of various devices about the premises to lessen the labor and expedite the work connected with its operation. He takes great pride in his homestead, which stands as a monument to his thrift and diligently api>lied energies, and is in every way a credit to him lioth as an agiuculturist and business man. In Ross township. Renfrew county, on the 17th of January, 1863, ]\Ir. Blair was married to Jliss Jennie Black, a daughter of James and Agnes Black, who were likewise pioneer settlers of that district, where the father actively engaged in farming. I\lr. Blair is an elder in the Presbj'terian church, of which his wife is also a consistent meml)er, and iiolitically he supports the liberal party. They are both peojile of many conunendalile traits of character and are held in favor- able regard by their neighbors among whom they number many stanch friends. Despite the fact that he has attained an age of seventy-two years, ;\lr. Blair is still leading a life of intense aeti\dty, giving his personal supervision to every detail coiniected with the operation of his large farm, and doing much of the work himself. ROBERT B. SCOTT. Despite the fact that he has pa.ssed tlie Psalmist's alloted span of three score and ten. Robert B. Scott is still actively engaged in the operation of his farm, eompi-isiiig three hundred and twenty acres of fertile land located on section :!.'), townsiii]) 14. range 17, near Minnedosa. wliere he engages in diversi- fied agricultural pursuits. His life r(>eoi'd was begnn in Peel county, Ontario, on the 14th of December, 1S40, his parents being William and Ella (Barton) Scott. The father, who was a native of Scotland, emigrated to America in 1838, becoming one of the pioneer residents of Ontario, where he devoted his energies to fanning during the remainder of his active life. There he pa-ssed away in 1874 at the age of sixty-six years, while the mother was .sixty-five at the time of her death, which oecuri-cd in 1872. They are both buried in Norville cemetery, Halton county. Robei't B. Scott was reared in a jiioncer home of limited means and pursued his education in the connnon schools of his native i)rovince until he was a youth of fifteen. He was already (juite familiar with the duties of the asrri eultnrist, havintr for .several years past been assisting his father with the tilling of the fields and care of tlie crops. His energies were tiiereafter entirely devoted to the woi-k ol' tlii> home farm, in the cultivation of whii'li he was associated with 502 THE STORY OF MANITOBA liis father until the hitter's death. The lioniestead was operated hy him alone for several years and then sold. foUowiufj: which he bought a farm in I'eel eounty, where he resided until he eanie to Manitoba. Ui)on his arrival here in 18!t7. he bought the plaee he now owns, whieh was then in praetieally a wild state. During the fifteen years of his ownership he has wrought a marvelous change in his farm, converting it into one of the valuable properties of the community. The fields have all been brought into a high state of productivity, while he has still further increased the value of his plaee by the many sub- stantial im])rovements he has added. He has ei'ected a comforlable residence, large, commodious barns and such other buildings as were neede(l while the entire tract is fenced. His fields are ])lanted to such cro]is as in his judgment are best a(!ai)tcd to the soil, in connection with whieh he also raises stock, keep- ing aliout twenty heatl of cattle, eleven horses and some swine and chickens. Mr. Scott is very proud of his achievement, as he located here at an age when the majority of men are considering retirement from active life, and has given his personal supervision and direction to everything about his place, doing a large portion of the work himself. Jn Ontario, on the 14th of January, 1864, Mr. Scott was united in marriage to ]\Iiss Marian Orr, a daughter of John Orr, a pioneer farmer of that i)rovinee, and to them have been liorn two children: Howard, who owns and operates an adjoining farm: and Ella, the wife of Alexander Douglas, a farnu-r of British Columbia. Mr. and Mrs. Scott are consistent members of the Methodist church, and in politics he supports the conservative party. He has always been a hard worker, and attributes the success he has achieved to his earnest and persistent effort. Naturally he has met with such discouragements as fall to the lot of every agriculturist or business man, but his is too determined a nature to be easily conquered, his character apparently growing stronger with each failure, and he forged ahead, gaining a stronger foothold year by year until he became numbered among the prosperous and efficient citizens of his community. JOHN F. HANSEN. A power of original thinking and aggressive acting and courage in the development of financial enterprises upon a large scale, an ability to cope with the changing conditions of modern business life and to hold his own in its battles, a deep sincerity of purpose and a high integrity, these are the qualities which have made John F. Hansen one of the prominent factors in the business circles of Winnipeg and western Canada. Necessarily, the enterprises which he handles are of an extensive character, his business connections are influential and his prospei'ity assured, for he carries with him the key to success in his unusual talents and the ability which commands opportunities. A native of Schleswig-Holsteiu, Germany, ]\Ir. Hansen was born June 28, 1875, a son of Rev. George and Sophie Hansen, and comes from one of the best families in that locality. In the acquirement of an education Mr. Hansen attended the public and high schools of Schleswig and when he grew to maturity moved to England, where from 1898 to 11)07 he was interested in various financial enterprises. In the course of some of his most important transactions his attention was turned to Canadian finance and little by little he became identified with important Canadian bu.siness concerns. Since coming to the Dominion he has been one of the greatest forces in the development of western Canada, has done his share as an individual and has carried forward the work by inducing shrewd and far-sighted capitalists to invest extensively in colonization projects. In this way he is numbered among the pioneers in the develoimient of the farming districts of central and northern Saskatchewan and Alberta. He came to .idiix 1'. ii.\\si:\ THE STORY OF MANITOBA 505 Winnipeg in 1907 and in 1911 incorporated in the city, the North Saskatchewan Land Company, Ltd.. of which he is at present acting as general manager. This company has a (■ai)i1al stock of five million ilollars and owns one huiulrcd and lift\- tlioiisaiid acres of the finest farming lanils in westci-n Canada. His eonin'c- tion with this concern alone wonld he enough to place ^Ir. Hansen in the front ranks of influential husincss men in AVimiii)eg. However, he did not stoj) at this. In addition he organized the Terminal Cities of Canada, Ltd., in order to acquire at a cost of four million dollars large interests in the principal cities along the main line of the Canadian Northern Railroad, including ilontreal and Port .Mann. Of this company also -Mr. Hansen is managing director and it fur- nishes him with a splendid field for extending liis colonization work in western Canada. He offers special inihicemcnts to settlers from the United States and lias already met with an unusual degree of success. Jlr. Hansen also formed a company to acquire forty thousand acres of hind in the famous Goose Lake country, Saskatchewan, under the name of the Kindersley (Saskatchewan) Farm Lands, Ltd., with a capital of one million, one hundred thousand dollars. of which he is vice president. The value of his work may be judged to some extent by the importance of the affairs with which he is connected. It is. how- ever, shown moi'e clearly in the fact that his connection with these is not that of mere a.ssociation but has a deeper origin in the fact that it was he who planned, organized .and executed. He is undoubtedly among the foremost men in \Vinnip(>g today, a dealer in vast affairs, a promoter of far-reaching enter- prises and a business man of rai'e ability whom others follow when he lends the way. •Mr. Hansen was married in I'JUl to Mi.ss Nancie il. Johnson, youngest daughter of the late Aldenuan A. Johnson, justice of the peace of Birmingham. England. Mr. and ]Mrs. Hansen have one son and one daughter, who resitle with their parents at No. 869 Grosvenor avenue, Winnipeg. Among the men who have been great forces in the development of western Canada, in the si)read- iug of more neui'ral knowledge of its oppoi-tunities and resources, in the sup- port of its institutions and in the development of its new enterprises 'Mr. Ilansen stands preeminent. The settlement of unoccupied lands in the jn-airie provinces, the advancement of agriculture and measures for the benefit of the homesteader and small farmer, are matters toward which Mr. Hansen's special efforts are directed. To him the country owes a great deal in material advance- ment and still more in the establishment of ideals and aims which shall be the high standards of future attainment. WILLIAM McBAlX. With the ranching inti>rests of Manitobn William IMcBain became closely associated, finding in the west the oppui'tunitics which he souglit for advance- ment along this line. He was born in (Quebec in 1SG6 and arrived in Kildonan, Manitoba, in 1878. in company with his father, David Graham McBain. who is mentioned at length on another page of this volume. The father established and comhicted a store in Winnipeg and William ^Icliain a.ssisted him. thus aequaintini,' himself with business mctluids. Later he sfai'tcd out independently and i-arricd on a store of his own near the maiket. Mv. McBain was married, after which he took up his abode on a ranch, and subsequently located on the East Kildonan road, there remaining until his death in 1891). As an agriculturist he dis])liyed the same sterling qualities which had eharaeterizeil his mercantile interests. He never sought success at the price of another's failure. He did energetically whatever work came to his hand and the neat ami thrifty appearance of his place indicated his practi- cal and i)rogressive methoils. 506 THE STORY OF MANITOBA Jlr. ^MfHain was united iu marriage to .Miss Elizalieth Kaufman, a daughter of Jaeol) Kaufman, who was l)orn in Kihkinan, a sou of William Kaufman, who was one of the Lord Selkirk settlers who came to the new world from Scotland and penetrated into the wilderness of ilanitoba in order to aid in empire building in this section of Canada. lie had a large tract of land on the East Kildonan road, which he cleared and placed under the plow. There he erected a comfortable home, which he occui)ied tlirougliout liis reniAining days. His wife bore the maiden name of Elizabeth ^IcKay and also belonged to one of the old families that came to Manitoba with the Lord Selkirk .settlers. Jacob Kaufman was born in Kildonan and acquired his education in the early schools of this part of the province. lie spent his youthful days upon his father's farm and turned his attention to agricultural pursuits as a life work. He was a good citizen and a highly respected man and in business was widely and favorably known for his enterprise and thorough reliability. He married Miss Christina Mathowson, also belonging to one of the early families of the Selkirk settlement. I'nto Mr. and Jlrs. Kaufman were born six children, of whom three reached adult age. namely : ilrs. ]\lcllain : Mrs. John Robinson, who is now deceased ; and Mrs. Arthur Dell, of Indian Ford. The father passed away in 1909, at the age of seventy-three years, and the mother died in February of the same year, at the age of sixty-five. Both the Kaufman and the McBain families have always been connected with the Kildonan Presbyterian church and it was in that church that William ]\IcBain held membership. Unto him and his wife were born a son and daughter, Graham and Anna, but both have passed away, and on the Sth of JIarch, 1899, "William McBain was called to his final rest. He was a man very quiet and unpretentious in manner but honorable in purpose and all who knew him recognized in him a faithful and devoted husliand and father, a good neighbor and a loyal citizen. His record wa.s, indeed, upright and honorable and the integrity of his purpose was manifest in a well spent life. THOMAS WOODCOCK, Thomas Woodcock is one of the active and prosperous farmers and stock- raisers in the district around Bethany, where he is operating a fine farm of four hundred and eighty acres on sections 30 and ol. township 15, range 17. The neat and attractive appearance of this property indicates his careful super- vision and progressive methoa College Alma .Mater Society, treasurer of the Archaeological Institute of America and is past i)resideut of the Winnipeg Inde- pendent Order of B'nai iVrith. He also l)eiongs to Ionia Lodge of Masons. In polities he is a conservative and is a member ol' the executive of the Conserva- tive Association. He also belongs to the Assiniboine and Adanae Clubs, and is an honorary member of the Winnipeg Rowing Club. He holds to the religious faith of his ancestors and is a member of the Sharrey Zedeek Hebrew Congre- gation. On tiie 19th of November, 1909. Mr. Steink'opf was married to Miss Hedwig Meyer, a native of Bavaria but at the time of their marriage a guest of the Hon. Oscar Strauss, of New Yoi-k. She was a niece of Jlr. and Jlrs. Isadore Strauss, the heroic coujjle who met death in the Titanic disaster, the wife refusing to leave her husband when it was known what the fate of the ship would be. Mr. and Mrs. Steinkopf have one daughter, and one son : Audrey E. and Bernard Maitland Strauss. I\Ir. Steinkopf certainly deserves great credit for what he has aeeomi)lished. By following the profession of teaching he was able to make his way through college and prepare for the bar. During his college days he traveled in the summer and through business ability and industry obtained enough money to carry him through the winter. He also taught private German cla.s,ses in nuithenuitics and the ai'ts each evening and thus utilized his powers condoned with his o|>jK)rtunitios to work his way upward, occupying now a most honorable anil enviable position in professional circles. JOHN SIMPSON. The various business interests which contribute to the sum total of Neepawa's commercial activity and enterin-ise tind a worthy representative in John Simp- son, who for seventeen years has been conducting a furniture store and under- taking establishment here. He is an alert, wide-awake, enterprising man, quick to recognize the opportunity of the present and to appreciate its value as a factor in the success of the future, and thus readily avails himself of advantages not apparent to the less obsei-ving. His birth occurred in Halton county, Ontario, on the 16th of June, 1856, his parents being Robert and Ann (Hughes) Simpson, natives of Ireland, the father having been born in Tyrone. The granorlant bearing upon nnniieipal ])rogress. A native of Ireland Mr. Persse was born in ('ount>- Liineriek, ^lay 22, 1861, and is a son of K. JI. and Eliza (Blundell) Persse, natives of the Hmei'ald isle, who came to Canada in 1872 and settled in Toronto, Ontario. The father has passed away but the mother of our subject resides in that city. In the acquirement of an education John B. Persse supplemented his studies in the public schools of Toronto by a course in Normal School and after laying aside his books entered the Toronto otHce of the Grand Trunk Railroad, where he remained for four years. In January, 1882, he came to Winnipeg as freight agent for the Canadian Pacific Railroad and one year later was promoted to the office of chief clerk of the traflic department. This oflice he resigneii in 1884 to accept that of freight agent for the (ireat Eastern Fast Freight line at Winnipeg and abandoned this in turn in order to enter into partnership with the late James Tees in the commission business. The concern was founded by John A. Tees in 1881 and has had a continuous existence since that time. After the death of his pai'tner in IIHIG Mr. Persse became jiresident of the company which is known as Tees & Persse, Limited. The eoiiipany conducts a genei-al 520 THE STORY OF .MANITOBA comiiiission Jnisiness. specializing in frroc-ery and hai-dware siipjilics and the patronage, already of gratityiny: proi>ortions, is continiially inereasint:. The voluiiU' of husiness in the year litO") justified the erection of a large new ware- house at No. :n.") William avenue and here the enterjirise has since been located. Gradually l\v virtue of his ahility. integrity, and glowing success Mr. I'ei-sse has been drawn into important relations with many ditVert'nt lines of activity in the city. He is president of the firm of Tees & Persse. Limited, of All)erta, is a director in the Home Bank, the Standard Trust Company, and in the Win- nipeg General Hosjiital ; and, in 1907, served with ability and etficiency as president of the local Board of Trade. In t^uebec. in 1887. Mr. Persse was united in marriage to I\lis.s M. Bisset, a daughter of the late James Bisset, a promimnt resident of that city. They have four children: ^lar.jorie. the wife of H. I), (looderham. of Winnipeg; Victor, who is associateii with his father in Inisiness; and Lorna and Kathleen. Fraternally Mr. Persse has important connections. He is a mendjcr of Ancient Landmark Lodge, No. 3, A. F. & A. ]\[., and has been through all the chairs of that organization, being past master. He belongs to the JIanitoba, Canadian, St. Charles Clubs and also holds membership in the Winnipeg Coiuitry Club. He is a lover of golf anil motoring and spends most of his leisure hours in these recreations. He has won a position of pi-eminenee and importance in bu.siness and social circles of the city. His as.soeiates respect him for his discerning judgment, his comprehension of modern methods and conditions and his commanding ability. Public opinion is undivided as to his business qualifications and his reliability and his position in i)ub]ic regard is among the foremost of the representative men of the city. HENRY STEWART. Henry Stewart is largely engaged in grain farming in township 11. range 26, Virden county, where lie owns three hundretl and twenty acres of well imiu-oved land. His birth occurred in Peel township, in the vicinity of Elmira, Wellington county, Ontario, on the 10th of February, 1875. He is of Scotch lineage and is a son of Henry iind Helen McLaughlin (Swan) Stewart. His father was born in Scotland, but he came to America with his parents in 1845, making his home in Ontario from that time until he removed to ^Manitoba. He came to this province in March, 1896. and bought a farm two miles north of the place now owned by his son William. A man of sterling worth and integrity he was held iu high regard in his community, among whose citizens he numbered many stanch friends. He took an active interest in all (juestions affecting the upbuilding and development of the country, particularly those of a political nature, gi\'ing his support to the liberal party. Both he and the mother are now deceased and are buried in the Virden cemetery. There was nothing .spectacular in the early life of Henry Stewart to dis- tinguish it from that of the majority of the boys with whom he was reared. His education was pursued in the public schools of Wallenstein until he was a youth of fifteen years. The son of a farmer he was already (piite familiar with the duties of the agriculturist, having assisted his father with the work of the fields and care of the stock at such times as he was not engaged with his lessons for several yeare previous. After leaving school his entire atten- tion was given to the work of the farm, and when his parents removed to Manitoba he accompanied them, remaining at home until their death. For two seasons thereafter he worked out as a farm hand, but at the expiration of that time he bought a hundred and sixty acres of land. He later .sold this property, realizing a profit of two hundred per cent on the investment, and invested the proceeds in his present homestead. His ownership covers a period of four years, during which time he has wrought extensive improvements in THE STORY OF MANITOBA 521 the place. He has fenced his fields, which aie in a high state of productivity, erectetl some new buildings and I'cpaireil tlie others. Mr. Stewart has inher- ited the inckistry and thrift of Ids Scotch ancestors, and anything he under- takes is pursued with the uni'dcnting energy which achieves results. His farm is well kept uj), everything about the place manifesting a careful regard for detail anil the e.xercise of systematic direction in its development. He raises souw stock and keeps seven head of horses. In Virdeii county on the lltli of November, 1903, Mr. Stewart was married to Miss Ethel Carscaddeu, a daughter of George E. and Anna Carscaddeu, well known pioneer residents of this vicinity. The father passed away on the 10th of January, 1896, and was laid to rest in the cemetery at Virden, but the mother is still living. To ]Mr. and Jlrs. Stewart have been born three chil- dren, in the following order: Ethel, who is attending school; and George and Anna. The parents hold membership in the Presbyterian church, and fraternally Mr. Stewart is affiliated with the Maccabees. In politics he supports the liberal party, taking an active interest in the public life of the community. NORMAN VALENTINE JAMES, V. S., B. V. Sg. Norman \'alentine James, who is successfully engaged in the practice of veterinary surgery at Gladstone, is a native of JIanitoba, his birth having occurred at Portage la Prairie on the 17th of February, 1887. The James fam- ily are of Welsh extraction and very proud of their lineage, William John James, the father of our subject, having been a cousin of Sir Henry James, and nephew of the Duke of Beauford. Grandfather James left England and went to Australia in 1854, having arrived there soon after the discovery of gold. There he died during the early childhood of his son, William John, who was born at Sydney harbor. His widow sub.sequently married a ]\Ir. Jones, an extensive sheep raiser, and upon her death left a large estate in New Zealand, known as the Grange, to her descendants. As a youth William John James traveled extensively, visiting many countries of the world. He was given excellent advantages, having been a student at both Oxford and Cambridge, fitting himself for the legal profession in the latter university. Soon after being awarded his degree he came to Manitoba and engaged in practice at Portage la Prairie, where he resided dui'ing the remainder of his life. He pos.sessed bi'illiant mental attainments and was not only regarded as the most scholarly man in that disti'ict but was without doubt one of the most thoroughly and wiiicly infoi-med i)arrist<'i's in the province. Stutlious in his haliils he kcjtt in close touch with i)rogress in all lines and could converse fluently and entertainingly on all subjects of the day. He was connected with some important litigations while engaged in practice in Portage la Prairie, and always ])resented his ca.ses in an able and dignified manner, being thoroughly conversant with every legal i)oint involved and familiar with the details of all cases which could i)ossilily be cited as a j)recedent by the opposition. In the Tiianner of their iircjiaration his eases showed that cautious precision which invai-iaiily chai'actcri/.es the painstaking bari'ister who is conscii'utionsly ilevoted to the interests of his clients. Mr. James was actively eiigageil in the ju-actice of ills profession at Portage la Prairie for thirty years aiul during that time he was also extensively interested in agricultural pursuits, having farms at both Poplar Point and High Bluff" which he was o])erating. He was also help- fully interested in nnini<-ii)al affairs and .served for sixteen years on the city council, while for a long period he discharged the duties of magistrate and was also a member' of the .school board. In brief iu' was one of the foremost men of his eonnuunity and did much to mold the pioneer history of Portau'e la Prairie, wiieie he was widely known and was accorded the respect ln' merited 522 THE STORY OF MANITOBA by reason of his professional worth aiul lii^rh standards of eitizenship no less tlian l)ecause of his puljlie service. He passed away in 1!)01, at tlie age of fifty-seven years. His widow, wliose maiden name was Miss Annie Ironsides Simpson, is a native of Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, and a nieee of Sir George Simpson, who for forty years was governor of the Hudson's Hay t'omi)any, having assutned his duties in tliis connection in 1821. To Mr. and Mrs. James were born five children, of whom our subject is the third in order of birth, the others being as follows: (lodfrey, who died in infancy: Erie, a civil engi- neer and assistant in the dei)ai'tm('nt of public works. Winnipeg; Dorothy, the wife of A. E. Hoskiu, a well known attorney of Winni|ieg: and lsal)elle, who died in infancy. They obtained their early education in the public schools of their native city, following wl.icli llie two ?ons entered the University of Toronto, from which they were graduated. The early years of Dr. James were passed in a home of comfortable circum- stances, while his advantages were better than fell to the lot of the average lad with whom he was reared. Upon eonipletiug the course of the public schools, he resolved to take up the study of veterinary surgery and matriculated in the Ontario Veterinary College. He was gratluated with honors and a fellow- ship in 1908, in a class of two hundred and tiiirty-tivc members, and of these eighteen were entitled to ailmission to the University of Toronto, and of the latter number ten were awarded their degrees. Dr. .lanies being a member of this fortunate class. He received the degree of V. S. and li. V. Se. in 1909, and immediately thereafter returned to his home town and became identified with the firm of Taylor & Wilson, veterinary surgeons, with whom he was associated until he came to Gladstone, where he purchased the practice of Dr. Shoultz. During the period of his residence here he has met with a good measure of success and is rapidly building up a lucrative practice. In July, 1909, Dr. James was nuirried to ]Miss Jeanette ilcLeod. a native of Ontario and a daughter of William McLeod, one of the pioneers of Portage la Prairie, where for many years he was engaged in the hotel business. Fraternally Dr. James is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and Modern Woodmen of America, while he maintains relations with the other members of his profession through the medium of his connection with the Manitoba Veterinary Association. While in college Dr. James took an active interest in athletics, particularly boxing and wrestling, in both of which he excelled. He is a capalile young man, of pleasing personality, excellent habits and commendalile Inisiness methods, and during the period of his resi- dence in Gladstone has made a very favorable impressio'.i in the comnumity and is becoming widely known professionally by reason of the general efficiency he has manifested in his practice. THOMAS JOSEPH LANGFORD. Thomas Joseph Langford, financial agent and real-estate broker witli offices in the Union Bank building, is a notable example of that class of men whose business records may well serve as a source of inspiration to the younger gen- eration. What he has accomplished in the real-estate field has had not a little bearing upon the growth and development of the country, has added wealth thereto and has made tiiis section known, bringing settlers to the district and thereby materially aiding in the work of public progress. Mr. Langford was born near Guelph, Wellington county. Ontario, March 31. 1870, and is a son of Jeremiali and Mary Langford. His education was acquired in the public schools and in 1899 he came to Winnipeg, arriving here a young man of twenty-nine years, without capital. He became identified w'ith business interests of the city as a piano salesman. His success in that direction was almost instantaneous. He proved his worth and ability and was not long TIUIMAS J. LANiaUKD THE STORY OF MANITOBA 525 in leading the force of salesmen representing the house. Carefully saving his wages until the aiiiouut reached five huiulri-tl dollars, he tlien began ins real- estate dealing, entering upon what has i)roven a spectacular and brilliant career. He had been a keen observer of wliat was going on about him in the way of real-estate operation and noted the rapid growth of the city, and with his capital of five hundred dollars began real-estate operations by securing an option on a property that was worth one hundred thousand dollars. Within fifteen days he had disposed of this at a profit of ten thousand dollars and had, moreover, demonstrated his ability and selling power. What he realized on tluit transaction gave him a good start and he l)egan handling real estate on a more extensive scale, adding much iu this way to the wealth of the city as well as to his individual success. His labors, moreover, have been an effective force in assisting many people to secure houu»s on the small-payment plan. He is held in uniform regard by rich and poor alike. His course has been marked by justice, patience and fairness in all of his dealings and his uprightness and integi-ity have gained lor him the high esteem of all with whom he has come in contact. As he prospered he extended his operations, which have now reached mammoth |)roportious and his standing among real- estate men in Canada is of the highest. As the years have gone by he has also become interested in many other business concerns. In lyou ilr. Langford was married to ^liss Frances Irene Tomlin, a daughter of Benjamin Tomlin, of Toronto, and they have two daughters, Dorothy and Frances. Tiie parents reside at No. 260 Wellington Crescent and they are members of the Roman Catholic church. Mr. Langford has attractive social qualities which have made him popular and he has an extensive circle of warm friends. He has been aptly termed "a man of purpose." His success has been based upon action, not upon theory. He has had great faith in the future of western Canada, especially of Winnipeg, and added to his optiiiusm are the substantial (puilities of energy and industry. Coming to Winnipeg a poor man. be is today classed among the wealthiest men of Winnipeg and yet is little past forty. His career is a renuu-kable example of what may be attained when determination and energj" lead the way and his life work is another proof of the fact that success is ambition's answer. ANDREW SANDSTROM. The career of Andrew Sandstrom is a fine example of the power of energy, ability and perseverance in the accomplishment of success. He is truly a self- made man, for be started out not only jxjor but ])i'actically friendless in a new country and with limited educational advantages and has worked his way up- ward tlii'ough his own efi'oi-ts and lal)Oi>i to prosperity and success. He was born in Sti-onisund, Sweden, December 16, IST;^, and is a son of Louis and Grinilla (Wall) Sandstrom. His father was a farmer and lumber merchant in Sweden and after he came to Manitoba followed general agricultural pur- suits until his retirement. He resides on range 17, in the Miuuedosa district. The family is of old Swedish origin and reiu-esentatives of the nuiterual line were actively identified in a prominent way witii many of the Swedish ware. Andrew Sandstrom comi)Ieted an education iiegun in Sweden in tiie pub- lic scboiils of .Manitolia. hut his opportunities along this line were limited, for he was obliged to lay aside his books at an early age in order to earn his own livelihood. He, however, was amliitious and energetic and supplemented the deficiencies of his early training by broad reailing and constant oliservation, so that today he is a num of liberal culture and unusual attainments along his line. When he first arrived in the ]irovince iu 1888 he obtained employnuuit as a lalioi-ci- witii tlic Canadian Pacific Hailwny and eariunl his advancement to 526 THE STORY OF MANITOBA the position of foreman of section and construction gangs. He worked in this capacity for four years and tlien engaged as foreman of construction with the Great Northern Kail road Company and tlie Nortliern Pacific Railroad. In 1900 lie al)andoncd railroading and purchased his present farm. It was a tract of three hundivd ami twenty acres, all wild hind, from which he cleared the busii and scruh and put it into coiulition for cultivation. Ijittle liy little the work of development was carried forward until at the in-eseiit lime two hun- dred and fifty acres are yielding rich and ainindant harvests. ;\Ii-. Sandstrom is giving most of his energy and attention to its further development and imi>rovement. The residence wliich stands upon the jilaec was erected by him and he hius also put up a substantial bai-n, has fenced his fields, installed new machinery and added many modern improvements. He believes in progress at all times and this is manifest in his business connections and in the manner in which he conducts his larming interests. He is al.so extensively interested in city real estate and in lai'm lands, having bought and .sold sevei-al tracts. On June lo, 1897. Jlr. Sandstrom marrieil. in ]\Iinnedosa, ^liss Jennie Johnson, a daughter of Swan and Soi)liie (Johnson) Johnson, who were among the early settlers in this section of the province. Mr. Johnson died in 1899 and is buried in the Minnedosa cemetery. His widow makes her home with the subject of this review. Mr. and Mrs. Sandstrom have four children: Nellie, Harold and Louisa, who are attending school ; and A. Milton. Mr. Sandstrom gives his allegiance to the conservative party but is not active politically, preferring to devote his entire attention to the development and improvement of his farm. Ilis success is unusual, for it was attained in spite of exti'aordinary obstacles. His first shelter on the farm, which is now one of the finest in the province, was a crude cabin, constructed by placing a few boards slanting against the trees. From this beginning he has steadily worked his way upward to prosperity. His success, however, is secondar.y to the methods by which it was obtained, the patient work against discourage- ment and the unrenutting industry which promoted it. He is a man of excep- tional enterprise and keen business insight and these qualities have won him at an early age an enviable place in agrictdtural circles of Manitoba. ARTHUR E. BURTON. Arthur E. Burton, one of the most prosperous, progressive and enterprising farmers in the district around Franklin, where he owns three hundred and twenty acres, was born at Cambray, Ontario, August 9, 1878, and is a son of Anthony and Hannah (Kett) Burton. The father was an earl.v settler in that province and became prominent in local affairs before his death in 1886. He is buried in the Mariposa cemetery. His widow resides in Saskatchewan. The career of Arthur E. Burton has been entirely devoted to farming and his present success is the outcome of long familiarity with methods and condi- tions, combined with steadfast and persevering work. After completing his studies in the public schools of Dalton township at the age of sixteen, he secured a position as a laborer upon a neighboring farm and worked in this capacity until he came to ]\Ianitoba in 1898. Here he took up one hundred and sixty acres of bush land which he cleared, cultivated, developed and finally sold at a good profit. In 1906 he purchased three hundred and twent.v acres on section 24, township 15, range 17, iipon which he is still living. This tract was only partly improved, but most of it was covered with brush, and was yet unfilled. With resolute energy Mr. Burton applied himself to the task of developing his land. Acre after acre was brought under the plow and planted and eventually produced abundant crops. Since beginning the operation of this farm Mr. Burton has cleared and improved eight.v acres of scrul) land. This means he worked earlj- and late at hard manual labor, chopping down the THE STORY OP MANITOBA 527 trees and grubbiug up the stumps even l)efore beginning actual farming. Tlie eontlition to wliieh he has l)rought liis ]>roi)ei-ty is an excellent proof of the results he obtained and is a real tribute to the perseverance and energy in his character. At Clan William, ]\Ianitoba. January 30, 1907, Mi-. Burton was united in marriage to Miss Alaiy Price, a daughter of James and Elizabeth Price, the former a pioneer farmer of that section. The father died in 1902 and is buried at liethany. Tiie mother, who survives him, makes her home in Clan William. Mr. and Mrs. Burton have a son, Norman Artiuir Dudderidge. Mr. Burton is a conservative in his j)olitical beliefs but never active as an office seeker. Fraternally he belongs to the Loyal Order of Orange. His career commanils the attention of all who value deternnnation and energy. By his own efforts he has built up his prosix'i'ity, whicii is of such i)roportions that he is ranked among the important laiRlliolders of the district and among the valued citizens of Ins coiiiiiuinit\'. HENRY M. DRUMMOND. The Canatlian go\ernment has no more valued servant than Henry il. Drummond, who for forty years has loyally promoted and supported its inter- ests as assistant receiver general and manager of the Dominion Government Savings Bank of Winnipeg. He is the type of bank official upon whose honesty, conservatism and unquestioned integrity the financial solidity of good govern- ment ilepends and iiis sterling (jualities iuive proven esc young people sent out to Canada under the auspices of Dr. iiarnardo's Homes, it may be stated that the applications for boys and girls for the year ending March 31, 11)12. amounted to tweiity-tliree thousand sixty-one, and up to the present date some twenty-four tiiousand boys, girls, youths and young men have been brought to Canada and established, so far as possible, "on the land," and it is generally admitted that Edmund A. Struthers has done much to conti'ihute towai'd tile growth and expansion of lliis woi-thy institution, by iiis cajiable management of tiie atVairs under- his <'harge in the west. Further it is owing to him and those with wlinm he is a.ssociated, that hundreds of boys and girls rescued from poverty in i'lngland, are given new hope and opjiortunity in the Canadian west, '{'here cei-tainly can be no attainment greater in value and imjiortance tiian this. Mr. Strutiiers has been interested since he assisted in measuring oft" the first building lots in the coming city, in Winnipeg's develop- ment, as well a.s in the settlement of the farm lands of the province. In 1884 .Mr. Struthers married Jliss JIary \'aughan of Selkirk, daughter of Amos II. and Nancy (Sniitii) V'anglian, tiie former a leading surveyor of the province, and in his younger da.vs one oi' the contractors on the famous Victoria Bridge at Monti-eal. Mr. and Mrs. Struthei-s have six eliihlren, Millicent Vaughaii, Hoiiert E., James, Mary, (Joi-dnn and Miriam. The family residence is "bakwood," near St. Johns cathedral, Winnipeg. 530 TUE STORY OF MANITOBA lu I'i'atiTiiiil cii'cK's Mr. Strutlicrs is wi-il Iciiown. iiiul lias Ihtu an active and proiiiincnt nu'iiilnT of the I\Ia.soiiic ordtT, Ix'in^' coiinccti'd with the Assini- hoini' I^iodtrt'. No. 114. A. F. & A. JI.. and is ])ast rominent farmer in that country but in 1897 determined to try his fortune in Canada. He died, liowever, uix)u the journey and was buried at sea in the Atlantic. His widow still survives. What education Kol)ert Charles received was acf|uired in the public seliools of Aberdeen but he laid aside his books at the early age of twelve and even before that time had been earning his own living. Wiien he was nine years old he was hired out to a tanner and worked in a minor capacity for three years. Vol 11— ;i 534 THE STORY OF MANITOBA Later he engapnl in tlie Hsliing trade, in wliieli he eontiiiued for some time. Imt was hiter eompfncd to arccpt any position whieii would l)rin^' liim an iueome. Thinkiug to better his eondition in a ni'W country, lie i-ame to Canada in 1S84, traveling by way of Boston to Alontreal and thenee to Ontario, where he worked until he earae to Manitoba in 1897. He .settled ou a fann near Franklin and beeanie the proprietor of one hundred and sixty acres of wild land, whieh he brought to a high state of improvement by earnest and ai'duous labor. He erected all the nei'essary farm buildings, fenced the fields and installed modern .equipment. In li)0:i he added to his activities by purchasing tlii-ee luindi-ed and twent.v acres in township 14. rang(> 18. of the Minnedosa district and he operated the two farms until 11)11. when he sold his first tract and has since given ills entire attention to the improvement and development of his present farm. He has one luuulred and sixty acres under cultivation and upon it is doing diversified farming, keejiing twenty cattle, thirteen horses and other small stock. None of the equipment or accessories necessary to the conduct of a modern agricultural enterprise are lacking on Mr. Charles' proi)erty. All of the improvements he made himself with the exception of the fine residence in which he lives. The barns and outbuildings are new and u]i-to-date and the excellent condition of the entire farm is sufficient ])i'0()f nf the careful supiT- vision of the owner. ]\Ir. Charles was married in Ontario in 1888 to Mis.s Susan North, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Cunningham North, of that firovince. Mr. and ]\Irs. Charles are the parents of nine children : I\Iargaret, the wife of Artluir Redham, a farmer in the Minnedosa district; William. Harry and Mabel, all of whom reside at home ; Roy, Ella, Pearl and Frederick, who are attending school ; and Gordon, who is five years of age. The family are members of the Presby- terian church. ' 'Sir. Charles gives a general allegiance to the liberal party but never allows political lines to influence his personal convictions. He is a progressive and up-to-date business man of strict integrity and ability and he en.joys in a large measure the confidence and regard of those with whom he is brought in contact. Wliatever he undertakes he accomplishes, for he possesses resolution, persevei'ance and reliability and by reason of these qualities he has worked his way upward to prominence and success. WILLIAM TAPP. The farm of William Tapp, which contains three hundred and twenty acres of land located on town.ship 11, range 26, is one of the most attractive ])roperties in the Virden district. He came here from Huron county. Ontario, more than thirty years ago, but is a native of Devonshire, England, his birth having occurred on the 16tli of July, 1863. He is a son of James and Elizabeth (Smith) Tapp, likewise natives of Devonshire, where the mother passed away in 1875. The father emigrated to America in 1882, locating in the vicinity of Exeter, Ontario. The bo.vhood of William Tapp was passed in his native country. His educa- tion was begun in the schools of Devonshire and completed in Huron county, Ontario, his student days being terminated at the age of sixteen years. He then started out to earn his owm living and for three years thereafter, worked in a cheese factor.v in Huron county. At the expiration of that period, in 1885, he came to Manitol^a and took up a homestead near Broadview, which he diligently improved for a short time. He subsequently purchased his present property, to the value of which he ha.s greatly added during the intervening years by making extensive improvements. He has erected a comfortalile resi- dence and large barn, while his fields have been brought into a high state of THE STORY OP MANITOBA 535 eultivatiou. The Mi)peai-anee of his place has been greatly enhanced by the l)hiii1iii,u: of trees and the tastefully arranged and beautifully eullivatetl gardens, whicii surround his residence. ^Ir. Tapp is a practical business man and a skilled agriculturist, as is evidenced by the sagacity and foresight he is exer- cising in the direction of his Tindertakings. He came here when Winnipeg was the terminal of the Canadian Pacific Railroad and pioneer conditions yet pre- vailed througliout the province. During the Northwest rebellion in 1885 he freighted, antl he had various other experiences during the early period of his residence here which made him thoi'oughly familiar with the development of the province. At Oak Lake. ^Manitoba, Mr. Tapp was uuirried on the fith of ^March. 1^87, to Miss Jennie Lang, a daughter of Rol)ert Lang, one of the pioneer residents of this province, and to them were born the following children : Roy, who is a farmer in Saskatchewan; Wilfred C, who is assisting his father; Katie, a stenog- rapher at Regina ; Robert I., a former clerk for the Coekshutt Plow Company ; and Gladys and ]Minnie, both of whom are at home. ^Irs. Tapp died in 1903 and is iiui'ieil in the -Joslyn cemetery, in the nnmicipality of Wallace. Mr. Tapp then married at \'irdeii, on February 6, 190"), ;\Iiss Nellie Tweedly, a daughter of Kdwai'd and Klla Twcedly, both deceased and buried in Edinlnirgh Presbytei'ian cemetery. The family attend the services of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which Mr. and Mrs. Tapp are members, and fraternally Mr. Tapp is affiliated with the Canadian Order of Foresters. His political support he accords to such men and measures as he deems best adapted to subserve the highest interests of the people, irresjieetive of party. He is a man of progressive ideas in all lines, ])articularly as regards agricultural matters, and is a member of the Grain Growers Association. Success has attended the efforts of ilr. Tapp, liut it has been purchased at the expense of unremitting energy, constant application and intelligently jilanned and capabl.v executed methods. He is held in favor- able regard by his neighbors and fellow townsmen both as a business man and citizen, as he is honorable and upright in his transactions and takes an active interest in forwarding the welfare of the community. PETER ST, CLAIR McGREGOR. Peter St. Clair ]\[cGregor has for nearly forty years been a resident of the ]irovinee of ISFanitoba, tluriug a large portion of which time he has been identified with the public life of Gladstone, where he has held various official positions. As his name would indicate he is of Scotch extraction and was born in Perth- shire, his natal day being in December, 1854. His father, Alex McGregor, who was engaged in the sawmilling business, passed away in 1866. He was a rela- tive of the well-known Rev. Dr. McGregor, a pioneer minister of Pictou, Nova Scotia. Peter St. Clair McGregor, who was the youngest in a family of six sons and five daughters, was a lad of only twelve years at the time of his father's death. He was reared in a good home, and amid an environment conducive to the development of the highest qualities of manhood, early having instilled in his youthful consciousness les.sons on the value of thrift, diligence and honesty. His echication was completed in parish schools near Edinburgh, and in 1872 he and his bi-otlurs .ioined a party of emigrants bound for America. The first two yeai-s of his i-esidciice in this country were jiassed in Ilainiltoii, Ontai'io, but in 1874 he rontinueii his journey westward to Maiiitolia and located in the vicinity of (iladslone. During that sunnner and the next he worked on the Rainy river and the Lake of the Woods. Afterward he engageil in freighting to what is now known as the town of Edmonton. In the year 187!) lie began his public career, and during the intervening period has served iu various public 536 THE STORY OF MANITOBA offices, having disi-liarged tlie dutios of l)otli municipal treasurer and clerk in an efficient and capable manner, ilr. JIcGregor is a man of phenomenal energy, possesses a strong pei-sonality and is a forceful and convincing speaker. He has been couueeted with municipal affairs since 1879 and has been for many years secretary treasurer of the munici])ality of Westbourne, the largest muniei- . pality in the province. He reads broadly and is well informed on all vital questions of the day, particularly tho.se having direct bearing upon the interests of this immediate district, and as his fellow townsmen have confidence in botli his integrity and judgment, his ()])inion has con.sidcrable weiglit in local circles. Formerly he took an active i)art in all campaigns, but. long exposure on one occasion resulted in a physical infirmitj- which has made it impossible for him to work as zealously for his party as in previous years. In 1883, Mr. McGregor was married to Aliss Eleanor Grose, a native of Ontario, and to them have been born the following children : Alex, Elizabeth, Margaret, AYilfrid and Irene. High standards of citizenship, honoralile motives and an honest and sincere effort to give the people good and efficient service have all united in making Mr. McGregor one of the popular residents of Gladstone, where he is accorded the stanch loyalty of a large circle of friends. THOMAS GUINAN. Thomas Guinau is a prominent representative of business interests in Winnipeg as the president of the Red River Loan & Land Company, of which concern he has been at the head for the past twelve years, maintaining offices in the Union block. His birth occurred in Huron county, Ontario, on the 10th of November, 1856, his parents being Patrick and Annie Guinan. He obtained his education in the public schools of Ontario and in 1881, when a young man of twenty-five years, embarked in business as a hotel pi'oprietor of St. Thomas, North Dakota, there conducting a popular hostelrj- for nine years. For four years, beginning in 1896, he served as a member of the legislature of North Dakota. In 1900 he came to "Winnipeg and engaged in the business which hiis claimed liis attention to the present time and in the conduct of which he has won both prosperity and prominence. In 1887 Mr. Guinan was united in marriage to Miss Annie Enright, a native of North Dakota, by whom he has six children. Politically he Ls a con- servative, while his religious faith is that of the Roman Catholic church. He holds membership in the Knights of Columbus and the Adanac Club and in both business and social circles is highly esteemed. GEORGE R. CROWE. George R. Crowe, who has been actively engaged in the grain business at Winnipeg for more than a quarter of a century, has for the past four years held the office of president of the Northern Elevator Compan.v, which has long been the largest concern of its kind operating in the west. He is likewise the vice president and "Winnipeg manager of the British Empire Grain Company. His birth occurred in Nova Scotia in 1852, his parents being James and Harriet (Archibald) Crowe, both natives of Truro, Colchester county, Canada. In the acquirement of an education he attended the public schools of Nova Scotia. In 1879, when a young man of twenty-seven years, he came to Winnipeg and for thi'ce years was employed at railroad coustniction work. Subsequently he was engaged in the retail lumber business for four j'ears and about 1887 THOMAS (iL'IXAX THE STORY OP MANITOBA 539 embarked in the grain business at "Winnipeg, buying direct from the farmers and beginning operations on a small scale. He has long been identified with the Northern Elevator Coiiii)any, of which he sei'\'ed as vice president for several years and of which he has been president for the past four years. For a great many years this has been the largest grain company in this i)art of the country, its operations extending west from Port Arthur and Fort William. It was one of the first companies to be interested in terminals at Fort William. Mr. Crowe is among the oldest men in the grain business at Winnipeg and has won a gratifying and well merited measure of prosperity in his undertakings. He is the vice president and Winnipeg manager of the British Empire Grain Com- pany, which was organized in 1908 and wliich has offices at Winnipeg, Montreal and New York. Other interests also claim his attention, for he is a director in the Great West Life Insurance Company, the Canadian Fire Insurance Com- pan.y, the Northern Trusts Company, the Northern Mortgage Company and the lloyal Bank of Canada. Jn 1875, in Nova Scotia, Mr. Crowe was joined in wedlock to Miss Mary Elizabeth Alexander, of that province. Unto them have been born three chil- dren, as follows: Ilattie, who is the wife of G. M. Scott, of Winnipeg; Annie, at home; and James, of Winnipeg. Mr. Crowe is a liberal in politics and takes an active part in public affairs but has never .sought nor desired oftice a.s a reward for his party fealty. He is a popular member of the IManitoba, Adanac, St. Charles Country and Canadian Clubs and finds needed recreation in lawn bowling. His religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Westminster Presbyterian church, in the work of which he takes an active part, having held many positions therein in the past and also serving in an official capacity at the present time, lie is a man of social, genial nature, who not only wins friends readily but has the happy faculty of retaining them by reason of his tnistworthiness and fidelity, combined with his appreciation ol: the social amenities of life. THOMAS JEFFREY. Diversified fanning and stock-raising engage the energies of Thomas Jeffrey, who owns si.K liiiiidrcd and forty acres of land in township 10, range 27, Virdeu. He has been a resident of this province for more than thirty years, but is a native of Scotland, his birth having occurred in Roxburghshire on the 2d of •lune, 1858. His parents, Thomas and Jeannette (Clark) Jeffrey, were like- wise natives of Scotland, whence they came to America in 1882, locating in jManiloi)a. Here the father filed on a homestead and preemption, his holdings agiii'cgating three hundred and twenty acres, and devoted the remainder of his lif(> to the development of his land. He passed away in 1902, and was buried in th(^ cemetery at Virden. The mother is still living ajid now makes her home with our subject. To this worthy couple were born seven children, those beside our subject being as follows: William, who is farming on Van- couver island ; Isabelle, the wife of Colonel Ivens, reeve of Wallace nuinicipality ; Mary, who resides with her mother and brother; Jessie, the wife of C. D. Rex, a retired farmer; Peter, who is farming in this district; and Devina. the wife of Frederick Palmer, also a resident of this district. Thomas .JelVrey passed his boyhood ami youth in bis native land, where he receiv(!d his education. After leaving si-hool he assisted his father, who was engaged in agricultural pursuits, initil he acc()iiii)anicd his pari iits on their removal to America. Upon his arrival here he took up a homestead and began fanning on his own account, he and his father working together. He is dili- gent and thrifty and so capably directed his afi'airs as to later be able to increase his holdings, which now aggi'egate six hundred and forty acres. Here he is engaging in diversified farming and also raises Clydesdale horses and 540 THE STORY OF MANITOBA Sliortliorn oattle. both of which lie has cxliiliitcil on various occasions and has been awariied several prizes. He and his father made all of 1h(> imiirovements on their land, which they held together. As their circumstances permitted they replaced the crude buildings constructed durino: the early period of their residence by more pretentious structures, and of recent years Mr. Jeffrey has still further enhanced the value of the property by the introduction of various modem conveniences. His place is equipped with evei-ything essential to its operation; he has twenty horses and fifty head of cattle, as well as other stock, and is regarded as one of the most prosperous agriculturists of the comnumity. Mr. Jeffrey is a member of the Free Presbyterian church. Politically he supi>orts the liberal party and takes an active interest in all local atVairs, liaving been president of the polling place, while for three years he has been director of the school board. He is one of the progressive citizens of his community and takes an interest in all matters affecting the upbuilding of the country or the welfare of its residents. JAMES M. EWENS. Since 1881 James M. Ewens has been farming in Manitoba and for the past fourteen years has been developing his fine property of four hundred and eighty acres in township 15, range 17, Bethany district. His enterprising and systematic methods have won for him well deserved success and have placed him in the front ranks of progressive farmers. He was born in Bridport, Dorsetshire, England, October 26, 1862, and is a son of George and Susan Ewens, both of whom died in their native country and are buried in Bridport cemetery. The family is of old English origin and its representatives today are direct descendants of Baron Ewens, who was chamberlain to the king in his time. The father of our siibject was for many yeare a prominent maini- facturer of twine, nets and canvas, which he exported to Newl'ouuiUand, and he carried on a large trade along this line up until the time of his death. James M. Ew^ens received his education in the public schools of Dorsetshire, England, and laid aside his books at the age of seventeen in order to become a shipping clerk in the office of the Union Steainship Company. After he had held this position for some time he resigned to cross the Atlantic to Canada, coming to Glendale, Manitoba, by way of Quebec. Near Glendale he took up a homestead claim of wild prairie land, which he brought to a high state of development and cultivation. Upon it he built barns, granaries and a fine residence and made other substantial improvements. This farm he sold even- tually and in 1898 Iwught his ])resent property. This was a partially improved farm, but Mr. Ewens was obliged to break one hundred acres of the two hun- dred which are now under cultivation. With characteristic energy he set him- self to the work and the results of his labors are seen today in the excellent condition and attractive appearance of his farm. He recently remodeled his residence, making it one of the most modern homes in the district, and he has built barns and outbuildings as they became necessary and fenced his land into fields. In fact, he has made the farm what it is today and the work of develop- ment is being carried forward year by year. Mr. Ewens' stock-raising consti- tutes one of his most important interests Since assuming the management of his farm he has devoted his energies especially to the breeding of pure-bred Shire horses. Shorthorn cattle and Shropshire sheep. He has the distinction of being the first man to liriug Berkshire swine into this part of Canada and he has given special attention to the breeding of these animals. He exhibits in all the "Winnipeg and provincial faii-s and has gained a great number of prizes for his fancy animals. He has recently become engaged in importing horses and keeps on hand forty head of pure-bred Shire animals. Beside his THE STORY OF MANITOBA 541 fancy cattle he has also forty head of mixed breed and his live stock interests constitute a valuable source of revenue to liiiii. In (jtlendale, ^laiiitoba, on tlie 7th of Jiuiuary, 3886, Mr. Evveus married Jliss Evelyn \i. Tearson, a daughter of .John and Sarah Eliza (Greenwood) Pearson, the former a pioneer farmer of ixosedale, Manitoba. He was also for some time well known a.s a cotton manufacturer in Lancashire, England, his native section. He died in (iladstoue in 1898, having survived his wife several years. She is buried in Harpurhey cemetery, Manchester, England. Mr. and Mrs. Ewens have eight children : James Allen, a former student of the Mani- toba Agricultural College, who is in partnership with his father; George Basil, who is also in pai'Inership with liis father; Evelyn Jlay, a former student of the Jlanitoba Agi'ieuitural College; Arthur Cyril, who is attending the Jlinne- ilosa Collegiate Institute: Tom, a graduate of the Collegiate Institute at Minne- dosa ; Jlarjorie 15.. who is atteniling district school; and Constance Gwendolyn and Phyllis M., who are also pui\suing tlieir studies. The fanuly are devout adherents of the Church of England and Mr. Ewens has been warden for many years. Mr. Ewens is a liberal in his political beliefs and, although he never seeks public office, he has yet been active in educational atfairs, having served as trustee of the Bethany school board witli al)ility and efficiency. He has also done successful work as a director of the Minnedosa exhibition board. His career is a splendid example of the value of hard work and enterprise in the accomplishment of success. Through his own labor, ability and good manage- ment he has become owner of a valuable property and is widely and favorably known in this part of the province for his many sterling traits of character as well as his business progressiveness. ARCHIBALD L. BUIE. Archibald L. Buie has been activel}' connected with business interests which have had direct and important bearing upon the commercial and industrial development of tiiis section of the province. For the past fifteen years he has engaged in the manufacture of cari-iages at Russell and since 1892 has conducted an undfi-taUing business there. His liirth occurred in the vicinity of Xottawa, Ontario, September !■'{, 185"), iiis parents being John and Graham (]\IcLane) liuie. The fathei- l)egan farming in Ontario during an early epoch in its his- tory. He had almost literally to chop his way through the forests from Toi'onto to his homestead and there had to clear away the trees and brush in onler to cultivate the fields. He built his first wagon out of timber taken from the place and he was the builder of the first shingled house in Notawasaga town- ship, Simcoe county. He met all of the hardships tuid ditficulties incident to settling upon the frontier and took an active and helpful part in the work of early development and improvement there. Year after year he carefully culti- vated his place until it became a valuable farm proiierty. He died in 1902. having long survived his wife, who pass^l away in 18(iS. tlieir remains being interred in the ^Vest Kii-k cem''lei'y. The fandly is descended from Highland Scotch ancestry. Archibald L. Buie ac(iuired his education in the district school near the old homestead, attending until he reached the age of fourteen years, after which his time was divided between the work of the schoolroom in the winter sea.sons and the work of the farm in the summer months. He also worked foi- neigh- boring farmers until twenty-one years of age. He came to Manitoba in 1878 when a young man of twenty-three, removing from Collinsrwood, Ontario, to Pomeroy, where be took U|) a homestead which he developeil and improved. After four years, however, he .sold that proi)erty and went to Wiimi])eg, where he worked at the carpenter's trade for two years. He then removed to Car- 542 THE STORY OF MANITOBA berry Plains and built a house at Auburn, wliieli, however, he sold a year later. At that time he removed to Shell river. Manitoba, where he took up a second homestead, which he also improved diirinrr the four years in which he resided thereon. He next came to Kussell anil entered business circles here as a con- tractor and builder, erecting a number of houses that are still standing. Sub- sequently he purchased a pump manufactoiy and carried on the business for some time, but in 1897 he bought a carriage manufacturing plant which he has since conducted. The output of his factory is notable for its durability, excellent workmanship and superior finish, and he therefore finds a ready sale for his product. He has also conducted an undertaking business in Kn.ssell since 18!)2 and lie is the owner of four liundrcd and eighty acres of valuable farm land in this district which he rents on shares. On the loth of November, 1881, at Winnipeg, occurred the marriage of Mr. Buie and Miss Jane Montgomery Poole, a daughter of Closes and Mary (Montgomery) Poole, the former one of the early farmers of Manitoba. The children of this marriage are nine in number: Mary G.. the wife of John C. jMcGinnis, express agent for the Canadian Paerfic Railroad; Catherine A., a twin sister of the former, the wife of C. W. Thom, who is bookkeeper for Surellie Brothers Ltd.: Ellen J., the wife of Fred H. Glover, a brick contractor: Annie M., the wife of George W. Glover, a farmer of Roblin, ]\Ianitoba : Alvin J., a hardware clerk: Florence F., the wife of William McAthie, manager for the Merchants Bank at Viking, Alberta; Christine E. and Heather ]\I., both at home; and Lois I., attending school. The family residence is an attractive home which was erected by Jlr. Buie. In fact he has contributed in large measure to the architectural adornment of this part of the province, erecting many attractive homes not only in Russell but elsewhere. Outside the field of business, too, he has contributed to public progress and promoted im])rovcment along various lines, seeking ever the welfare and lienefit of his city and province. His political allegiance is given to the liberal party. He holds membei-ship in the Masonic lodge and the principles which govern his life are further indi- cated by the fact that he is a member of and an active worker in the Presby- terian church in which he has served as elder for twenty years, doing all in his power to promote the growth of the church and extend its influence as a potent force in the moral progress of the community in which he lives. WILLIAM SMITH. The leaders are few. The great majority are content to follow along the paths that others have marked out; but here and there is fouiul an individual whose initiative and enterprise carry him beyond the points that others have reached, his ambition and energy qualifying him for the successful accom- plishment of his purposes. Such a man is William Smith, the president and managing director of the Western Empire Life Assurance Company. He was born in Nottingham, England, January 17, 1870, a son of Robert Brindly and Fannie (Walker) Smith, both of whom were natives of the county of Notting- ham. The mother died in her eightieth vear at Griswold, Manitoba, in Feb- ruary. 1913. William Smith was a student in the High Paj-ment grammar school, a private institution of the city of Nottingham. The year 1888 witnessed the severance of his connections with his native country, save those of memory, and his arrival in Canada. He was then a young man of eighteen years. He took up farming near Griswold, Manitoba, and continued in that work from March, 1888, until December, 1895. In that year he returned to his native land to represent an English engineering company, in the interests of which he covered the whole of Great Britain, but in March, 1899, he returned to Manitoba, bringing a party of settlers from Edinburgh and other parts of WIl.I.lAM SMITH THE STORY OF MANITOBA 545 Scotland. After seeinsr them well located on lands in this province he turned his attention to the implement business, which he conducted for about a year, lie then came to AViunipeg and secured a position as agent for the Jletropolitan Life Insurance Company. At the end of a year he was promoted to the position of sui)erintendent, serving in that capacity for a year, when he resigned to become city manager for the Gi-eat West Life Assurance Company, remaining with that corporation in that and other capacities for four years. The Pru- dential Life Insurance Company tiien made him superintendent of agencies but after three years he resigned to become one of the organizers of the Western I'hniiire Life Assurance Company, of which he has since been the president and managing director. The business was incorporated ^March 11, 1911. The company operates from Winnipeg to the Pacific coast, with branch offices at Moose Jaw and Vancouver. Long experience well (lualified ^Ir. Smith for the .successful conduct of an undertaking of this character. He had familiarized himself with every phase of the insurance business, and the careful systematiza- tion of the interests of the company has led to the continual growth of its pati-onage until the policies written annually now represent a large figure. Mr. Smith is also well known in financial circles as the president of the ]Mam- toba Stock & Hond Company and is chairman of the board of the Western I'hiipire Fire & Accident Insurance Company, of which he was one of the promoters. .Mr. Smith is also chairman of the provisional board of the R\ii)erts Land & Trust Corporation of Winnipeg. On the i;ith of January, 1892, Mr. Smith was married to I\Iiss Mary Wesley, of the city of Nottingham, England. They were very close neighbors and childhood friends before Mr. Smith came to the new world. Seven children have been born unto them : William Wesley Brindly, who is now in the second year at Wesley College; Edith Lois, who is pursuing a course in music at St. Mary's Academy; Lillian A., likewise a student in St. Mary's Academy; Ernest Albert, Ednumd Claude and Robert Thornton, all attending the Greenwood school ; and Gladys Elise. Having a large family, Mrs. Smith devotes most of her time to her home activities, although she is interested to quite a con- sideral)le extent in church work. Both are members of St. Matthew's church (Episcopal) and Mrs. Smith, being an accomplished vocalist, has sung with the church choir for many years, while Mr. Smith has long acted as a member of the vesti-y. lie is also serving on the building committee prejiaratory to Ihe erection of a handsome new church edifice at the corner of JIaryland and Lavinia avenues. In i)olitics he is an independent conserwitive. He was a charter member of the Adanac Club and for .some years, until his removal to Calgary, active therein. What he has accomplished represents the fit utiliza- tion of his innate talents and powers. He has neglected no opportunities pointing to success and, prompt, energetic and notably reliable, he has estab- lished the business of which he is the founder upon a paying basis and has won for himself a most favorable reputation in financial circles. RICHARD PRICE FRAZER. Richard Price Frazer is renting of his father a farm of six hundred and forty acres in township 16, range 18, the Clan William district, and in his conduct of this enterprise is demonstrating his ability as a practical agricul- turist. He was born at Huns Valley, I\Ianitoba, January 16, 1885. a son of Gc>orge and Susan ( Price "i Frazer. His father is one of the most prominent men in the district around Iluns Valley. Having come to Manitoba in 1880, he took up a homestead claim and remained upon it for three years and then moved to Clan William, where lie bought a small farm. His success came rapidly and he adiled to his holdings from time to time until he has an interest in thirty-two hundred jicrcs of the finest land in the province. His public spirit 540 THE STORY OF MANITOBA takes the fonn of reiiily cooperation in worlliy enterprises and in active par- ticipation in the jiolitical life of llie ilistrict. lie was one of tlie promoters of the IMiiniedosa dam i)ro,ieet and has hen reeve of the IMinnedosa iiuinieipality and license comniissionei- on the conservative ticket. He belongs to the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows and in all the various relations of his life is one of the most upright, straightforward and highly esteemed men of his section. Richard P. Frazer is one of a family of four children. His education was received in the district schools and this was supplemented by one year in the Manitoba Agricultural College and one year in the Winnipeg Business College. He laid aside his books in 1909 and gave his enlii-e attention to the development and improvement of the farm which he had i)i'eviously rented from his father. He does mixed farming and si)ecializes in the lirceding and fattening of stock, keeping twenty-five horses and forty head of cattle. ;\lr. Frazer married, in IMinnedosa, December 20, 1911, Miss ]\Iay Grey, a daughter of Thomas and Sydney Grey, the former a commercial traveler resid- ing in Minnedosa. Mr. and Mrs. Frazer are well known in the Clan William district, where their many qualities of mind and character have gained them a wide aceg carix'utei's went out on a strike. Soon afterward, however, he was otfered woi-k by William Cawston and went to M(n-ris, ilanitoba, where lie was active until January 1. 1900. By strict economy and frug;d living he had nuina"ed to siive a few liundred dollars and with it came to Winnipeg ami took 552 THE STORY OF MANITOBA a tliree months' course in tlie Winnipeg,' Unsiiiess College. This li.is since proven ot" material assistance to him. in the t'oijowin",' sprint; Emerson Hlakely and Mr. ^Vilsou were anxious to eiijrage in inisiness for themselves anil, being attracted by the rumor of unusual opportunities at yuowfiake. .Manitoba, which was then a growing town, they located there and remained several months. However, they were not successful, as the crops failed in that year and the farmers had vei\v little money. Keturning to Winiiijieg, ilr. Wilson met his oltl em])loyer, Mr. Cawston. and hired out to him as foreman f(n" the remainder of the year. When the carpentering work closed late that Oetoliei- he decided to go to HutValo, New York, to attend tlic Pan-American Exposition in order to learn more Il known grain merchant ol' Brantford. They are the jiarents of two children, Harold Edgar and Jean. Politically Mr. Mott is a liberal. He has laliored effectively and well for the commercial growth and develoinuent of his eity and in the jn'csent year is serving as i)resident of the Winnipeg Boanl of Trade. He is also a director of the Winni- jjcg Industrial Bureau, of the Winnipeg Industrial Exhibition Association, a member of the ]\lanitoba executive eounnittee of the Canadian I\Ianufacturers .\ssociation and chairman of the Winnipeg executive committee of the "JMillion for ]\Iauifoba" League. Fraternally he is identified with the Jlasons, belonging 1(> Piince Rujiert's Lodge. .No. 1, F. & A. .M.. and having attained the fourteenth degree of the Scottish Kite. He is also connected with the ^lanitoba, Cai'leton and St. Charles Counti-y Clubs, and his religious faith is indicated by his member- shij) in the Knox Presbyterian church. Wlien we investigate his life record and examine into the secret of his success, it will be found that his advancement is due almost entirely to hard w-ork and the intelligent direction of his energies. He early came to understand that the source of power lies within one's self and that opportunity is open to all who will but recognize and utilize it. .Making good use of the chances that have come to him, he has gradually worked his way upward until bis ])osition aiul standing are foremost among Winnipeg's best business and financial men. GEORGE AV. BOYD. Since 1880 George W. Boyd has been closely connected with agricultural interests of the district around ]\linnedo.sa, where he owns foui' liundred anil eigiity aci-cs in township 1'), range 17, one of the finest and most carefully managed farms in the section. He was born in Bruce county, Ontario, Decem- ber 1, 1861, and is a son of Robert C. and Elizabeth (Clarke) Boyd, the former a pioneer farmer in JIanitoba, who came to this province in 1880 and took up a homestead claim, i)art of which was scrub and part prairie land. By earnest and uni'emitting work he brought this farm to a high state of cultivation and achieved a prominent place in agricultural circles of the district. Georg(! W. Boyd received his education in tlie ])ublic schools of Bruce county, Ontario, ami after he laid aside his liooks spent some time assisting his father upon the farm. He began his agricultuial <-areer in .Maintoba in 1880, when he purchased one hundred and sixty acres of .scrub and prairie land and began its improvement and develii|>ment. Little by little he brought it under the plow and planted the most suitable grains, and in a short time abundant harvests were rewarding his care and labor. At the present time he has two hunilred and fifty acres under cultivation and upon them he is doing mi.xed larming and specializing in the brci'iling and I'aising of high-grade stock. He keeps about twciity-livi' head of cattle anioneer resident of Gait, Ontario. Both Mr. and Mrs. Montgomery are deceased ,iiiil .ire liuried in tiie cemetery at Walkerton. Tiiree cliildren have been born t(i .Mr. and ^Irs. McNiven, as follows: Donald, who completed his university course and is stutlying law at Regina, Saskatchewan; Cleric, a graduate of the high sciiool, who is teaching; aud Jean, who is still in sciiool. Mr. ilcNiven owns his residence, which lie erected in 1892. The family hold membership in the Presbyterian church, and fraternally Mr. McNiven is affiliated with the Jlasonic order, having taken the degrees of the blue hidge, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and tiie Canadian Order of Foresters. His politiciil allegiance is given to the liberal party. He takes an active interest in local affairs and was chairman of the school board, in 560 TUE STOKY OK INFAXITOBA wliic'li capiu-ity he sprveil for seven years, wliile for three he was a member of the council. Mr. McNiven's residence in JNIanitoba covers a period of twenty- five years, during which lime he ha.s witness"d the primitive condilions of pioneer days give way to those of th.e present time wilh the advent of modei'n convenience and comforts. MAJOR HUGH M. DYER. ^Fa.jor Hugli M. Dyer, connnaiiiling Squadron D. of llie Twelfth ^Manitoba Dragoons, is one of the most prominent men in political and agi-icultural circles of the Minnedosa district. lie has been closely associated with the ilcvclop- ment of this part of the province since he came here from England, attracted by the oi^port unities which the country offered. The hope which brought him to Canada has not l)een disappointed, for his life, viewed from every stand- point, has been honorable and successful. The family is of English origin but- Ma.jor Dyer was born in Kingston, Dublin county. Ireland. Janriary 28, 1861, a son of Captain Hugh M. and ^Mai'iou (Lozziu) Dyer. His father was for many years p7-ominent in the royal navy and saw active servic(! in the Baltic sea, in the Chinese war and on the west coast of Africa, doing able work in preventing the slave trade. When he returned from service he was appointed governor of the Kilmainham ,iail. He died in 1876 and is buried in the Church of England cemetery in Dublin. Ma.ior Hugh M. Dyer received his education in the Royal Naval School at Neweros. England, and laid aside his books at the age of sixteen and spent some years in athletics and outdoor sports. Finally, however, he came to Canada on a visit. Being a shrewd business man. he at once recognized the advantages which the country offered and saw that its agricultural developnu'ut, which was .iust bi'gun, would advance rapidly, thus offering rich rewai-ils to pioneers in its jn-omotion. Accordingly, he determined to settle in ilanitoba and home- steaded a tract of land near Glendale. He acquired another tract as a pre- emption claim and added to his holdings by purchase until he owned three hundred and twenty acres, all scrub and bush land. This he lu-ought to a high state of development by hard work and luircniilting industry antl made sub- stantial improvements upon it, building liis home and large barns and stables. In 1893, however, he disposed of this ]ii-o])erty and bought his present farm of eight hundred acres, only eighty of which had been cultivated. With charac- teristic energy- Major Dyer set himself to devcloj) the land and improve the farm and he has at the present time five hundi'ed acres planted in grain. He has built barns, granaries and all necessary outbuildings and installed every ai>pliance found upon a model farm of the twentieth century. His beautiful and attractive home he designed himself and personally supervised its erection. It shows the result of his care and interest in its jileasing appearance and in the comfort and convenience of its appointments. Major Dyer does mixed farming and harvests abundant crops every year. His stock-raising interests are an important source of revenue to him, for he breeds cattle and has fine herds of sheep and horses, which command a large price in the market. On March 3, 1882, Major Dyer returned to Plymouth, England, and there married Miss Mary Pearson, a daughter of John and Mary Pearson, both deceased. IMrs. Dyer's father is buried in the ]\[innedosa cemetery and his wife rests in Manchester, England. Mrs. Dyer is a cousin of Mr. A.squith, premier of England. Major and ^Irs. Dyer have four children: Reginald, wlio is farming in township 15, of the IMinnedosa district; John, who is assisting his father: Harry, a student in the Agricultural College; and William, five years of age. The family are devout adherents of the Church of England. In official circles Major Dyer is well known and prominent. He gives his allegiance to the conservative party and has held various important local offices, including those of councilor and trustee of the municipality. He holds his THE STORY OF MANITOBA 561 title in the Manitoba Dragoons, being commander of Squadron D. The principal interest of his life, however, is given to the improvement ajid development of his farm. He makes a study of agriculture not as an individual occupation but as a systematic science in its relation to the entire community. No new develop- ment in fai-ming machinery or any improved methods escape his attention and he is quick to adopt innovations which lie considers sound and useful. His influence is felt in agi'icidtural circles, where his ability and attainments are known and recognized, for the board of directors of the Agi-icultural College, reprcsenliug the entire northwestern district of the province, made him cluiir- man of the organization in 19UT and has retained him in office since that time. W. BOSTON TOAVKRS. W. Boston Towers, a successful barrister of Winnipeg, with offices at 201 Somerset block, has here practiced liis profession continuously since 1905. His birth occurred at St. Catharines, Ontario, on the 31st of May, 1861, his parents being Thomas and Louisa Towers. lu preparation for the practice of law he attended the College Institute at Hamilton, and in 1882 opened an office at St. Catiiarines, where he remained for a period of twenty-three yeai-s, enjoying a gratifying clientage. During eight years of that time he acted as solicitor for the Niagara Central Railway Company at St. Catharines. In local political circles he also became prominent, serving at alderman at St. Catharines for six years. He unsuccessfully contested the constituency of Lincoln county in the interests of the conservative party, being defeated by thirteen votes. in 1905 Mr. Towers came to Winnipeg and has here remained to the present time, having built up an extensive and lucrative practice. His logical gra.sp of facts and principles of the law applicable to them has been a potent element in his success, and a ri'markable clearness of expression, an adequate and precise diction, which enables him to make others understand not only the salient points of his argument, but his every fine graduation of meaning, may be accounted one of his most conspicuous gifts and accomplishments. Fraternally he is identified with the IMasons, being a worthy exemplar of the craft. • In social circles he is well known and popular, acting as president of the Athletic Lacrosse Club and as secretary of the Lawn Tennis Club. He is likewise a member of the St. Catharines Club, His military record covers three years' service with the Thirteenth Battalion at Hamilton, In professional and social life he holds to high standards and enjoys in large measure the confidence and trust of those with wiiom he is brought in contact in every relation. He resides in Fort Garry Court at Winnipeg. JAIMES McFARLAXE. James McFarlane is one of tiie most prominent farmers and able business men around Clan William, where he is conducting a flourishing building enter- pi-ise in conjunction with his work in the management of his eight hundred acre farm on township 15, range IS. Mr. McFarlane was born August 5, 1864, in Wellington. Ontario, and is a son of William and Elizabeth (Young;* McFar- lane. His father was one of those sturdy pioneer farmers who wrested well cultivated and profitable lands from the bush. He came to Ontario from Scotland in 1828 and settled on a little tract of bush land in Wellington county. Upon this he erected a crude shanty, carrying the boards tive miles through the wilderness and gradually by ardimus and pei-sistent work brought his farm to a liigii state of develoi)incnt. II.' diid in 1904 at the age of seventy- 562 THE STORY OF MANITOBA three, having survived his wife by lour years. Both are l)uried in Bethany Cemetery. James McFarlane attended tlie publie schools of his native section until he was fourteen years of age and for five years afterward learned the cari)en- tering trade which he has been followinfj since that time. lie came to ^lanitoba in 1890 and immediately became identified with the buildinjr business and devel- oped au excellent patronage, his territory extending throughout the district. Many of the finest residences in the section were erected by him as well as numerous fanu buildings. In conjunction with this activity Mr. McFarlane is operating one of the largest farms in the vicinity. He does ndxed farming upon eight hundred acres of land which he has developed and cultivated along systematic and progressive lines. None of the improvements of a model farm are lacking and all e\iilcnccK of careful supervision and practical management are here seen. Mr. McFai-iane is al-so extensively interested in stock-raising, keeping sixty head of cattle, thirty hoi-ses and tine herds of swine. In Clifford, Ontario, on April 3. ISUO, .Mr. .McFarlane was united in mar- riage to ]\Iiss Kate Krolin, a daughter of William and Catherine Krohn, the former a pioneer farmer of Ontario. They reside near Newstead, that province. Mr. and Mrs. McFarlane have six children : Elizabeth, Jeannette, Agnes and William, all of whom are attending school; Edward; and James Clayton. The famih' belong to the Presbyterian church. Politically Mr. jMtd^'ai'lane gives his allegiance to the conservative party and has done able work as a member of the school board for a number of years, and for nine years has been a trustee of the Iward. He has been (piite success- ful in his business operations and his farm is intelligently managiid and profit- able, the cultivation and care which he has bestowed upon it having made it a valuable property. BENJAMIN L. GRANT. Benjamin L. Grant occupies a foremost position in the public eye because of the fact that he is handling large business propositions that feature prominently in the settlement, colonization and development of the province. Dealing ex- tensively in land, his interests are carefully systematized and his labors are pro- ductive of far-reaching and bcneticial results. He is an interesting American citizen who has seen the opportunity of the Canadian west and has therefore directed his labors in such manner as to win substantial returns. He was born in Hudson, St. Croix county, Wisconsin, March 18, 1865, but his parents, George and Jane (Hosford) Grant, were both natives of St. Stephen, New Brunswick. The father went to Hudson in 1855 and while he was acquainted with Mi-s. Grant in their native country it was not until after her arrival in Wisconsin, two years later, that they were married. Both have now passed away. At the usual age Benjamin L. Grant entered the public schools of Hudson and afterward continued his studies in the normal school at River Falls, Wisconsin. He made his initial step in the business world as a market gai"dener in the former city and met with substantial results in that work, continuing in the business for a number of years. He rapidly extended his efforts in that direction until he was cultivating over five hundred acres, the business being carried on under the name of the Hudson Produce Company, of which Mr. Grant was the president and G. A. Cameron, secretary and treasurer. The annual output consisted of five hundred carloads of produce of almost every variety. They owned and operated four large warehouses in Hudson including an immense cold storage plant and a general distribution warehouse at Duluth, jMinnesota. They were the largest gardeners in Wisconsin and their business exceeded that of many similar enterprises of the northwest. lil'.N.IAMIX 1,. (iUANT THE STORY OF ilANITOBA 565 Canada therefore gained a man of marked enterprise and business ability when in January, 1902, ]\Ir. Grant came to Winnipeg. He did not immediately sever his Inisiness conneetions in the States but at once started in business in Canada, turning his attention to land development propositions with which he is still identified. He made a purchase of tifty-one thou.sand acres in the Yorkton district of Saskatchewan and organized a company to handle the sale of these properties. The undertaking prospered from the beginning and a little later he invested in a tract of forty-six thousand acres surrounding Shoal Lake. For the past eight years his entire activities have been directed in an effort to settle prosperous American farmers on tlie fertile lands l>oi'ih'i'ing the Assiniboine river between Winnipeg and Portage la Prairie and thus develop a naturally rich agricultural district. In the fall of 1!)1() the Assinil)oine Land & Investment Company, Ltd., w^as organized with ]Mr. Grant as president, IL G. Box, vice pres- ident, and (ieorge A. Cameron as secretary and treasurer. This company has handled several large and valuable tracts along the Assiniboine and their per- sonal holdings aggregate between five and six thousand acres. They have with- out doubt induced as many American farmers and investors to take up farm land and cit.v property in llanitoba as any one ever operating here. Their puri)ose is to sell direct to the settler who will work the lands and not to sjieculators. They do not tell what can be accomplished here l)ut demonstrate the results by operating a large fariu in the heart of the hinds they are selling. The entire tract wiiich they now have upon the market is being improved, the work alread.v being completed on much of it. The company maintains seven branch offices in various parts of the northern and western state and through these combined energies Mr. Grant and his associates have taken a most active and important part in the enugration of Americans to Canada during the past decade. At Hudson, Wisconsin, on the 1st of December, 1880, Jlr. Grant was married to Miss Fannie Darling, a representative of a Boston family, her parents being Frederick and Abby (Capin) Darling, pioneer residents of Hudson. i\Ir. and i\Irs. Grant were the parents of four children, namely : Grace Evelyn : Leslie, who died at the age of three and one-half years; Fredrick Darling, who pa.ssed away in February, 1911, at the age of eleven years; and Arthur Lincoln. Mr. Grant is a charter and life member of the Elks Lodge. No. 640, of Hudson, Wisconsin, and also belongs to the Odd Fellows lodge of that place. He is a man easy of approach with whom it is a pleasure to converse. Pie possesses many admirable qualities and a character of sterling worth. He is devoted to home and family, is faithful in friendship and loyal to every interest to which he gives his supjiort. He possesses markml Imsine.ss enterprise with aliility to recognize ojiport unities that others pass heedlessl\- by, and early grasped the eternal truth that industiy wins, making industry the beacon light of his life, and has thereby entered into most important business relations. His has indeed been an active career in which he has accomplished important and far-reaching ivsults, contributing in no small degree to the expansion and material growth of the province and from which he himself has also derived substantial benefit. ISRAEL L. McINNIS, JI. D. Dr. Israel L. ^bdnnis, who ha,s been engaged in the practice of medicine in Neepawa for eighteen years, was one of the first re]iresenfatives of his jirofes- sion to locate in this section. When he established his ofiice here there was not a pliysiciau on the iKU'th nearer than Dauphin, a distance of ninety miles, and as he responded to every call far and near, h<" has ridden over this entire ter- ritory for a radius of many miles at all houi-s of the nigiit or da.v, having many novel experiences and enduring untold hardships while engaged in his errands of mercy. He is descended from luirdy pioneer stock, his birth having occuri'ed at Owen Sound, Grev county, Ontario, on the nth of January. 1802. and is 566 THE STORY OF MANITOBA the youngest of the nine cliihlrcii horn of tlie marriage of Israel and Mary Ann (Hall) Mclnnis. The pai'cnts wen- l)orn and reared in Ireland, the father being a native of Londonderry and the mother of County Cavan. Tiie father and maternal <:randfa1her. James Hall, were among the iiioneers of Grey eounty. the former having emigrated to Canada in 1887. and the latter in 1842. They hoth located at Derhy. in the vieiinty of Owen Sound, having crossed on the same boat with a large numlier of their fellow countrymen, who likewise became residents of that district, which is still known as the Irish settlement. The country was then in a wild state and the land covered with a dense growth of tind)er, thus many months were occupied in preparing even a small tract for cultivation, operations proceedincr slowly owing to the primitive methods of the period. In 1862. Israel Mclnnis started on horseback to one of his ncigh- boi's. whom he was going to assist with some work. Oii the way his horse bolted and threw him. fracturing his leg and injuring him inlcrnaJly. his death ensu- ing soon after as a result of the accident. The mother, who in her youth was a wonum of renuirkable energy and great physical endurance, remained on the farm with her nine children, the youngest of whom was an infant, thereafter performing not only all of the duties devolving upon the mother of a large family in the pioneer period, but taking upon herself much of the work of her husband. She reared her sons and daughters to lives of usefulness, all becom- ing respected members of society and reflecting credit upon hei- li'aining. Although she has almost reached the century mark, she still resides on the old homestead, where she has passed the greater period of her life. Dr. ibdnnis was reared by his motlier and at the usual age began his educa- tion in the district schools in the vicinity of his home. Later he continued his studies in Collegiate Institute at Owen Sound until he was qualified to pass a second-grade teacher's examination. In 1881 he came to Manitoba, covering part of the distance by rail. It was in the winter and they were overtaken by a blizzard, tlu'ir train being delayed on the prairies for forty-eight hours by the snow drifts. For four years after he came here be engaged in teaching at High Bluff, but having resolved to become a physician, at the expiration of that time he matriculated in the ^Manitoba ]\Iedical College. He was a diligent student and always stood high in his classes, as is evidenced by the fact that he was awarded two scholarships during the period of his attendance. He received his degree in 1892 and went to Carberry. where he maintained an office for two years. Owing to the vast territory he had to cover jn making his visits, he was compelled to give up his practice there and came to Neepawa. Here he found conditions to be somewhat lietter, but his duties were still very arduous, as he regards the calls of suffering hiunanity imperative, and if pos- sible always went, a.s the pioneer did not summon a ])hysiciau unless he were needed. Kegardless of the temperature or the condition of the weather, or the hour, it was as likely to be midnight as noon, even when he felt the undertak- ing to be practically futile, if it were at all possible he started on his errand of mercy. His experiences were more varied and unusual than those which fall to the lot of the average physician, while he endured untold hardships. Dr. jMelnnis has met with success in his profession and now enjoys a large practice, being recognized as one of the foremost physicians and surgeons of this section. On the 5th of June. 189"). at Toronto. Ontario, was celebrated the marriage of Dr. Mclnnis and Miss Elizabeth II. Russell, a daugliler of James Russell, who for a long period was connected with the wholesale house of John ifc Donald & Comi>any. Of this nuirriage there have lieen born three children: Kathleen H., Jean G. and James Russell. Fraternally Dr. Jlclnnis is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in which he has passed through all of the chairs. He is also a member of the Canadian I\Iedical Association, through the medium of which organiza- tion he maintains relations with his fellow practitioners. "While in college he took great delight in all athletic sports, some of which he has ever since kept THE STORY OP MANITOBA 567 u]) and still fiiuls much pleasure in curling. In addition to the duties of liis large private practice Dr. Melnnis is meeting those of health officer, iu which capacity he has served the community most capabl.y diiring the entire period of his incumbency. In common with the more progressive members of his pro- fession of the present time he strongly advocates the adoption of more ett'eetive preventive measures as a protection against disease in all forms, and in this connection has bi-ought about various commendable reforms insuring the protec- tion of the health of the citizens. S. HART GREEN, M. P. P. S. Hart Green has chosen the profession of law as a life work and yet by no means limits his activities to his profession, although his devotion to his clients' interests is proverbial. He has ever recognized the duties and obliga- tions as well as the privileges of citizenship and he stands for progressive meas- ures and upholds legislation which works for the benefit of the many, rather than of the few. He is entitled to the twofold distinction of being the young- est member of parliament in Canada and that of being admitted to tlie bar when but twenty-one years of age. In fact, he had to await the attainment of his majority before he could enter upon active practice although previously qualified educationally for the duties of the profession. Mr. Green is a native of St. Johns, New Brunswick, bom on the 23d of October, 1885. His father, Louis Green, is well known as a merchant of that city, where the son sjient his youthful days, pursuing his education in the public schools until graduated with honors from the high school. Soon after- wai'd he went to Montreal, where he made his initial ste]) in commercial circles in connection with the cigar business, hut, feeling that a professional career would prove more congenial, he became an articled law student with the firm of ]McRae & Sinclair and was called to the bar of New Brunswick in 1906. The west with its broadening opportunities, resulting from the rapid growth of the section, attracted him and in January, 1907, he arrived in Win- nipeg, where he was associated with the law firm of Campbell, Pitblado & Com- pany until called to the jManitoba bar. He then formed a partnership with E. U. Ciiapman under the firm style of Chapman & Green and they are now l)ract icing with offices in the ]McArthur block. Tiieir clientele has steadily grown in volume and importance and is now of a distinctively representative charactei-. I\Ir. (ireen has gained well merited distinction as the youngest member of parliament, sitting for Winnipeg in the provincial legislature. For years North Winniix'g had been held as a conservative seat but ]\Ir. Green won it by a nia.jority of more than si.\ hundretl in the election of 1910. Much of his success was due to his personal poiiulaiity and to his strong radical views, almost socialistic in their tenileney. He is not only the youngest but is also the only Jewish mendier of parli.nuent in Canada, One of the local papers said: "As a mendier of the legislature he has distinguished himself by his vigorous speeches, the clarity of his arguments and the fact that he indulges rather in constructive than in destructive criticism. He has made his mark in urging social reforms on behalf of the laboring classes and several of the ideas he has reconunended in the legislature have been adopted, including that of a center passage in open street cai's to protect the lives of the street car coiuiuctors." He also strongly urged the representation of ^lanitoba at the coronation by Sir R. B. Roblin as itrender. while other sugyestions of his have also been accepted and have found their way to the statute books of the prov- ince. He is strongly in favor of the initiative and referendum and other such measures and he is strongly opposed to everything that works against the lib- 568 THE STORY OF MANITOBA erty and i>rogress of the peojilc Ih- bcliews in pure polities and lionest gov- ernnient and liis ctYorts have been elTeetive forces ahinpr those lines. On the 27th of Auuriist. I!t12, Mv. Green was married to :\liss Aiinee Lyone, of "\Vinnii)efr. a daugiiter of .Mr. and Mrs. Martin B. Lyone. She was horn in Grand Forks, Nortii Dakota, but her parents removed to Fort William during her girlhood and there lived for a number of years before the removal to Win- nipeg. In the latter eity she supplemented her publie-sehool studies by col- legiate work. Mr. Green is well known throuu'h his fraternal relations, hold- ing meinbershii> in North End ^Masonic Lodge. Kinir Edward; (_'oui-t Assiniboia, Independent Order of Foresters; Elm Camp of the Woodmen of th(> World, of which he is a past eonnnander; and Seven Oaks Camp of the Jlodern Woodmen of America. lie has also been president of the Winnipeg lodge of the Independ- ent Order of B'nai B'rith. Ilis position upon any vital question is never an equivocal one. He stands firmly in support of what he believes to be right and it is doubtful if he ever weighed a question in the scale of public policy ; it is with him a matter of principle and the belief in the rights of the people against misnile of unscrupulous iwlitieians that has led him to take an advanced stand upon many important questions, in which connection he has gained a large following. THOMAS BERRY. In Thomas Berrj-, mayor of St. Boniface, the city has gained a statesman for its chief executive, a man of high aims and ideals but with a practical power in their application and enforcement, of (juick decision and cool judgment, high integrity and unquestioned sincerity. With these qualifications he has managed the atfairs of the eity in a straightforward, businesslike and progressive way, showing at all times a mastery of political techni(|ue while at the same time meet- ing openly and squarely all questions which affect the purposes and aims of tlw; city. He was born in ^lanchester, England, April 2, 1859, and is a son of Samuel and Elizabeth Ann (Bentley) Berry, natives of that section. In the accjuirement of an education ]\Ir. Berry attended the public schools of Stratford, near Alanchester, England. For some time after laying aside his books he was a member of the Third Cheshire Rifles and in 1878 established himself as a general merchant in his native city. During this time he also kept up his military' connections, serving as a member of the First jManchester Volunteer Rifles. From 1880 to 1884 he was with the Royal JIarine Artillery but in the latter year resigned in order to become a member of the Salford police force. In 1890 Mr. Berry determined to come to Canada, influenced in his decision by reports of the wonderful resources and opportunities which the country offered. Accordingly he crossed the Atlantic and settled in Sa.skatchewan. whci'i' he home- steaded land. At the same time he entered the employ of the Canadian Pacific Railroad in the locomotive department, serving as fireman until 1892, in which year he came to Winnipeg and engaged in the real-estate business. He operated independently until 1900 and then formed the Arm of Berry & Bond, with offices at No. -VZo Main street. In 1910 he organized the real-estate firm of Berry & Carson and opened his place of business at No. 248 Tache avenue, Norwood, where it is at present located. He soon became known as a forceful and aggress- ive business ninn. familiar with the work in which he engaged and possessing in his character the (|ualities which command success. His business grew and with it his prominence and influence initil gradually he att.ained a degree of pro.sperity which has placed him among the representative and leading men of the cit}^ As Mr. Beri-y's business expanded he gradually extended his interests to include many phases of the public life of St. Boniface. On the conservative ticket he was elected alderman in 1907 and served until 1911. In the following year he was elected mayor and has already evidenced the power of cool and im- partial judgment and unbiased action necessary in all true executive work. ^^m"^':.'-.. ^^^^^^^^^^1 i^^" ^^'"'^^^^H ^^Bk * ^^^^^^^^1 ^^m n '""^^^^^^^^^1 ^H^ --^iM ^BTTn^^Si:. ^^ggj^ THOMAS HKHKV THE STORY OF MANITOBA 571 At Manchester, England, in 1881, Mr. Berry married Miss Elizabeth Ann Iliudley, a dau'rlitcr of George Hindley, of that citj'. I\Ir. Berry and his wife are enthusiastic motorists and Mr. Beri-y is also interested in hunting during the season. The family residence is at No. 112 Eugenie street, Norwood. One of the most powerful interests of ifr. Berry's life centers in his extensive fraternal afliliation. He has become prominent and di-stinguished in the ]\Iasonic order, being a life member of St. John's Lodge, No. 4, A. F. & A. M. ; a memljer of Prince RuixTt's Cliapter, No. 52. R. A. 1\I.; of King Edward Preceptoiy, No. 24; and Kliartoum Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. He is worshipful past master of Norwood Lodge, A. F. & A. M. He is also chief ranger of Court Excelsior, No. 6898, A. 0. F. ; chief ranger of Court Norwood, No. 1006, C. 0. F. ; past chancel- lor of Norwood Grove Lodge, No. 33, K. P. and the Thiiformed Rank: and noble grand of Ridgeley Lodge, No. 35, I. 0. 0. F. Mr. Berry is undoubtedly one of the most influential and successful men of St. Boniface. His business success and his political prominence have a common cause in the standards which have ever influenced his actions and the ideals which have molded his career. ROBERT G. McAREE. Robert G. McAree, for the past thirty-two years a farmer in Manitoba, is the owner of a valuable tract of laud of three hundred and twenty acres on section 16, township 15, of the Minnedosa district, which he developed and im- proved by his own efforts from a wilderness into a profitable and modern farm. He was lx)rn in Sterling, Scotland, July 15, 1850, and is a son of Robert and Elizabeth (Grant) McAree, natives of that country. The father was well known in the contracting business in Sterling and ])uilt up a profitable patron- age along this line before his death in 1857. His wife survived him until 1868 and both are buried in a Sterling cemetery. In the acijuirement of an education Robert G. McAree attended the pul)lic schools of his native city, but his advantages along this line were extremely limited since he was obliged to lay aside his books at the early age of twelve in order to earn his own livelihood. Since that time he has been dependent upon his own resources and the success and prominence which have come to him are a gratifying evidence of the forcefulness and energj' of his character. He remained in Scotland until 1874 anil then determined to try his fortunes in Canada. Accordingly, he crossed the Atlantic and settled in Manitoba, where he established himself in business in Winnipeg After four years he came to Minnedosa and in 1880 he took up a homestead claim of wild land just south of the town of Minnedosa. This property had never been under the plow and it was covered with a dense growth of bush. This Mr. McAree cleared and got the land into condition for cultivation. Evenutally he had developed and imi)roved the entire tract and it was yielding abundant harvests at the time he disposed of it. In 1885 he built upon a tract of bush land a rude wooden cabin and took up his icsid(Mice tliei'cin, thus establishing his homestead claim. This farm also was entirely unimjirovcd and was surrounded on all sides by uncultivated prairie. Ihi'ough which Mr. McAree was obliged to hew a road a mile and a half long in order to reach his holdings. With characteristic energj% however, he set about clearing and developing the land and soon had it in an excellent state of cultivation. As his financial resources increased he built substantial improvements, erecting a fine modem residence and the neces,sary barns and outbuildings. The little cabin, however, in which he first lived still .stands upon the iiremises. Mr. McAree is doing mixed farm- ing and is likewise extensivel\- interested in stock-raising, keeping fine herds of cattle and swine and tliirtccn horses. He has also invested in real estate iu the town of .Mc.Xuley. 572 THE STORY OF MANITOBA In Winnipefr, on JImv 24, 1877, Mr. McAree married Miss Charlotti- .Mill< r. a ilmi'iliter of Ncill M. and Annie (Rent) Miller, natives of the United States. The father for many years was a potter in New York state and he died in that section in 1S.')4. His widow was married the seeond time to William Mur- phy and eame to ]\Ianitolia with her ehildren in 187-1 and lived in Snniiyside until iier death, whieh occurred in 1878. She is buried in the Jloosenose cemetery. Mrs. JIcAree was still a child when her mother brought her to Can- ada ami, consefiueutly. her education was received in the public schools of this country. She studied at IJurlinsiton. Ontario, and after completingr the usual course remained at home until her marriagre. She has been a faithful heli)er to her husband in all of his activities and too much cannot be said of her un- remitting: work in the earlier days. Mr. and ^Ii-s. ]\lcAree have ten children: George, who is a farmer and resides at home : Robert G.. Jr.. who is also engaged in agricultural pursuits; Ernest, who is a member of the editorial staff of the Los Angeles Examiner; Henry G., who is conducting a protilable blacksmith shop in Bethany; Lawrence, who is operating a farm at JleAuley; Charles M., a barber in the same city; John Grant, who is assisting his father with the work of the farm ; James Westhope, a barber in Sutherland. Saskatchewan ; Elsie, a graduate of the Toronto Conservatory, who is living at home; and Cecil, who is acting as his father's assistant manager. Mr. jMcAree is a liberal in his political beliefs and has always been ready to do his part in public life, although he never seeks office. lie has been deputy returning oftieer at different elections and has done able and effective work as school trustee. Fraternally he belongs to the Ancient Order of United Work- men but beyond this has no other connections of this kind. lie is a member of the Presbyterian church. It is hard to estimate the value of the work he has done along agi'ieultural lines in Manitoba, for he has evolved out of the wilderness two fine modern farms and has thus added not only to his own pros- perity but to the wealth and resources of his district and province. WALTER McKAY. Walter McKay, living retired in Russell, was formerly closely associated with the agi-icultural interests of the surrounding district. He possesses a spirit of perseverance which enabled him to carry forward to successful com- pletion whatever he undertook and thus he developed a good farm of eight hundred acres and acquired a comfortable competence as the result of his indus- try and diligence. He was born in Zorra, Oxford county, Ontario, on the 22d of December, 1853, and is a son of Thomas and Janet (Sutherland) ilcKay, both of whom have passed awa}% the mother dying in 1880 and the father in IDOO. They are buried in the cemetery at Emliro. in Oxford county. Walter ]\IcKay acquired his education at St. Clary's High School in his native section and at the age of twenty-seven, received a second-cla.ss teacher's certificate. For two years he engaged in teaching but finally abandoned that occupation and came west, locating in Manitoba, near Silverton, in 1881. He took up a homestead claim which by hard, persistent and systematic work he developed into a fine farm, adding to his holdings from time to time until he owned eight hundred acres. Carefully and energetically he carried on the work of the fields until 1S)07 and by his industry and thrift acquired a con- siderable fortune which enables him to spend his retired life in ease and comfort. At Silver Creek, on tiie 14th of October, 1885. Mr. ]\IeKay married Miss Jessie Anderson, a daughter of John and Jessie (^Murray) Anderson, both of whom have pas-sed away and are buried in Shakespeare, Ontario. I\Ir. and ^Irs. McKay have eight children: John, who is a farmer residing near Silver- ton ; Margaret, who married Herbert McUonell, a farmer of Rossburn ; Murray THE STORY OF MANITOBA 57H A., wlio is a banker in Slioal Lake; Lena, a jrraduate oi' the Russell Collegiate Institute and a teacher in the Shellniouth publie seliools; Edith, who received a tirst-elass teacher's certiticate from the Russell Collegiate Listitute and who is now teaching in Neepawa; Hugh, a banker in Russell: and James and Mary, both of whom live at home. Mr. McKay is a devout adherent of the Presbyterian church. He gives a loyal support to the liberal party and has been secretary and treasurer of tliis nuinicipality since 1884. He was also for twelve years a school trustee and is eminently progressive and i)ublic-spirited in all iiuitters of citizenship, giving his active and helpful cooperation to all measures for the general welfare. GEORGE G. WHjSON. George G. "Wilson is numbered among the many practical agi-iculturists of the Clan AYilliam district, who have developed model and profitable farms out of wild tracts of scrub land and who have thus been valuable factors in the agricultural growth of ]\Lanitoba. His tract of two hundred and forty acres is located in township 16. range 17, and is in excellent condition as a result of his careful supervision, ilr. Wilson was born in New York state. February 27, 1871. and is a son of George and Sarah Wilson. The father died when the subject of this review was still a child Init the mother is living and resides in ^lanitoba. George G. Wilson was very young when he came to Canada with his mother. His education was begun in Ontario and completed in the publie schools of I\Ianitoba, which he attended until the age of twelve. Afterward he assisted actively with the farm work until he bought his present property in ]8i)8. The land was only slightly improved. After clearing the scrub Mr. Wilson resolutely set about the work of development and as his financial pros])erity increased he added to his facilities by erecting fine barns and outbuildings and an attractive and comfortable home. Upon this property he does mixed farming and is also interested in the breeding and raising of stock, keeping twelve head of pure-bred Holsteiu cattle and eleven Shire mares, four of -which are pure bred. IMr. Wilson married in Minnedosa, December IS, 1895, Miss Mary Snow'den Moad, a daughter of John and Jane ]\Ioad. the former a pioneer farmer who came to Jlanitoba in 1880. ^Fr. and Mrs. Wilson have eight children: Pearl M., James C, Millie J., Lucy L. and Violet G.. all of whom are attending school; Etta M. ; Lena L; and Francis A. The i'amily are members of the Methodist church. Mr. Wilson is independent in his political views and for some time was a trustee of the school board. No movement for the general welfare or advance- ment seeks his cooperation in vain, as he is always eager to i-ecognize an oppor- tunity to make his jniblic spirit effective for good. J. RICHARD RORTIIISTLE. Among tlie many suece.ssl'ul and progressive farmers whom Ireland has given to Canada is J. Richard IJorthistle, the owner of one of the most beauti- ful farms near Miiuiedosa and ])romineiit and well known in agricultural circles of the district, llis holdings comiirisi' two humli-ed and forty acres in town- ship 14, range 17, a fine projierty wiiieli lie lias developed from a tract of wild scrub laud. ]\Ir. Borthistle was born in Dublin, Ireland. A]iril 4. 187"). and is a son of Robert and .\iini<' iGirki Uorliiislie, natives of tlu' Emerald isle. 574 THE STORY OF MANITOBA The famil}', however, is of old Grerman origrin, Thomas Borthistle, the great- graiidfiither of our subject, and his two l)rothors having moved to Ireland in their early years. The father of tiie subject of this review was for many years sui)erinteud'ent of tiie Dublin, "Wieklow & Wexford Railroad and was killed while on duty in 18!)0. lie is buried in ]\Iouut Jerome cemetery. Ilis wife sur- vived him until 1892. In the public seliools of Dublin Mr. Borthistle began his education, which he completed in the local high school and at Wesley and Trinity Colleges. Afterward he passed the civil service examination and was employed in the Railroad Clearing House, giving every promise of rapid success in this line. His zeal and ambition, however, led him to overstudy and his eyesight failed from too constant use. He was ordered to Canada and in April, 1893, he landed in Minnedosa, where for two years he worked out upon different fax-ms. At the end of that time he returned to his native country in order to test his eyesight in his former position but it agrin broke down under the strain and he was obliged to return to Canada. He arrived in ilauitoba for a second time in 1896 and in the following year bought his present property and began its improvement and cultivation. It ^vas in a wild state, overgrown with brush and scrub, but Mr. Boi-thistle applied himself resolutely to the work of develop- ment and the present excellent condition of the property is the result of his careful management and well directed efforts. It is known as one of the most beautiful farms in the district, for 'Mr. Boi'tliistle has always been interested in its attractive appearance and planted witli his own hands the three thou- sand trees of various kinds which beautify and ornament the land around his home. Upon his property he does mixed farming and an important branch of his activities is his stock-raising. He feeds and fattens thirty head of cattle, has twelve horses and large herds of other stock, which have taken many prizes at the local fairs. On April 14. 1897, ]\Ir. Borthistle married in Minnedosa Miss Jessie Sharpe, a daughter of Joseph and Jessie Sharpe and a sister of R. T. C. Sharpe, of whom more extended mention is made elsewhere in this volume. Mr. and Mrs. Borthistle liave five children: Annie Norine, a graduate of the Collegiate Insti- tute; R. Arnold. Kobert 0. and Cecil H., all of whom are attending school in Jlinnedosii ; and Albert S., aged three. Mr. Borthistle is independent in his political beliefs but never allows party lines to influence his vote for a man whom he considers fitted for the position. He has taken an active and helpful part in local educational affairs and has for fourteen years been a trustee of the Hazelwood school board and since 1906 has served as secretary and treasurer of that organization. He has made a close study of the subject of agriculture, has introduced modern maehinerj' to facilitate the work of the fields and has followed up-to-date and progressive methods in the conduct of his enterprise, and thus todaj- he is numbered among the substantial and successful farmers of his district. JOHN T. CLARKE. John T. Clarke owns and cultivates a farm of three hundred and twenty acres on section 35. township 10. range 19, and is one of the enterprising and representative agi-iculturists of Brandon county. His life is one of activity and usefulness and his progressive and well directed energy has resulted in bringing him a gratifying measure of success. He was born in Ballinasloe, County Galway, Ireland, IMarch 22, 1848, a son of Tliomas and Annie (Turner) Clarke, both of whom were natives ofvlreland, although the family is of Eng- lish origin. John T. Clarke received his education in the public schools of his native country and laid aside his book's at the early age of twelve in order to learn THE STORY OF MANITOBA 575 the shoemakiug trade. This he followed in Ireland until 1863, when lie crossed the Atlantic and settled in Canada. For seventeen years he worked as a .shoemaker in Toronto, Ontario, and then came to .Manitoba, taking up his pres- ent farm as a squatter's right. He improved and developed it along systematic and practical lines and added to his holdings from time to time until he had twelve hundred and eighty acres highly cultivated and in excellent condition. His land comprised parts of three sections and upon it he obtained well deserved success in mixed farming. Eventually, liowcvei'. he divided tiic tract among his children and also sold a number of acres, retaining for himself onlj' his present farm of three hundred and twenty acres on section 35. In September, 186!), JMr. Clai'ke was united in marriage to Jliss Margaret Gibson, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. AVilliam Gibson, the former a veteran of the British army. Mr. and Mrs. Clarke are the parents of eight children: Annie E., the wife of D. T. McGregor, who is engaged in agricultural pur- suits ; "William, who is acting as agent for the Massey -Harris Company of Brandon; John T., who is engaged in farming; Emma M., the wife of Oliver Chevens, who is following agricultural pursuits; (Jeorge, also engaged in farm- ing; Edith E., a graduate of the Collegiate In.stitute at Brandon; Thomas K., who is operating a farm; and Ethel, a graduate? of the Brandon Collegiate Institute. The family are adherents of the Church of England. Mr. Clarke gives his loyal support to the conservative party and while in no sense an office seeker he has yet done much to encourage and promote the growth and development of the section in which he resides by investing judi- ciously in worth}' local enterprises. His life has been guided by principles of manly conduct and in the community where he has lived for more than a cjuar- ter of a century he enjoys that warm personal friendship and kindly esteem which are always given in recognition of genuine worth in the individual. E. J. WILSON. E. J. Wilson, who has been elected mayor of Birtle by acclamation for five successive terms, has for thirty-four years been identified with the development of this district, and is regarded as one of its foremost pioneers. He is a native of Ontario, his liirth having occurred on a farm in the vicinity of Stratford, that province, on the 11th of September, 1858, and is a son of Thomas and Jane (Haines) Wilson. His paternal grandfather, who was the owner of one of the first tln-cshing machines in England, came to Canada in 1827 and located in Quebec. There his son Thomas was reared and subsequently became one of the pioneer agriculturists of Perth county, Ontario. He pas.sed away in 1901, at the age of seventy-four years, but tlie mother is still living and now makes her home witli our sidiject. Mrs. Wilson is descended from one of the old United Empii'e Loyalist lamilies of Canada, her forefathers having removed from Loudon, England, to the United States in the early part of the eighteenth century. Reared at home, in the acquirement of his early education E. J. Wilson attended the public schools and the Victoria College at Coburg, until he was seventeen. Later he went to Toronto, where he began a course in medicine which he completed at a medical college in New Jersey. He received the degree of M. D. from the latter institution, and soon thereafter, in 1879, came to Manitoba. Upon his arrival here he exerci.sed his homestead privileges by tiling on a tract of scrub land, on which he is still residing. During the intervening years he has cleared his holding and brougiit it into a high state of productivity. "lie has doubled his original tract and now holds the title to three hundred aiid twenty acres, which, under his capable management, has been converted into one of the valuable ranches of the district. Mr. Wilson has not confined his interests to agrieullural jun'suits but li;is directed his energies along other lines 576 THE STORY OF .MANITOBA of activity and in 1891 established the Eye Witness. It was one of the first papers foiuided in this section of the province and its circulation formerly extended over a wide field. Other papers have been establisiied during the intervening years, however, liiiiiliiifr tlie territory, but it still lias a cii-cuhition of over six Juuulred. ^Ir. AVilsou is enterprisinfi and public-spii'iled and lliroush the columns of his ]ia]icr has contributed largely toward the progress and developiiii-nt of tiie coiniuunity by supi)orting every inoveineut he felt would promote the welfare of the municipality. At Stratford, Ontario, in April. 1882. 'Siv. Wilson was maiiied to Miss Marj' A. Dunsmore. a tiaughter of Mr. and ]Mrs. James Dunsmore, pioneer farming people of Stratford, wiio are still living on their homestead. Of this marriage have been born eight .sons and two daughters, as follows : Oscar, editor of the Abernathen, in which his father also owns an interest, at Aber- uatiiy; William, wlio is practicing law at KusscU; Karl, who is managing the old homestead for his fatlier : Jvlith. stenograjilier for the Bi'andon Govennnent Telegraph; Elmer, who is in his brother's law office at KusscU; and Arthur, Louise. Alvin, Ednumd rland at the Inner Temple. Almost immediately afterward he returned to AViniiipeg- and was called to the bar of Manitolia in December, 1911. lie at once entered upon general practice, in which he has since continued. llr. Henry is a member of the Manitolia Bar Association. His political views are indicated in his indorsement of liberal principles at the polls, while his religious faith is evidenced in his mendiership in Knox church. He belongs to the Royal Colonial Institute and he is a member of the Corinthian Football Club. He played for Oxford against Ciunbridge in 1910 and 1911 in Association football, and is the only Rhodes scholar to date to win his Association football "blue," as well as being the only Canadian to win a full "blue" at Oxford to date. While in high school and college he took a most active interest in all kinds of athletics, especially football and basket ball, and in 1904 he was on the champion basket ball team of Manitoba College and played against the University of Grand Forks for the Univer.sity of Manitoba in 1906 and 1907. During his last three years in Manitoba College the team of which he was a member won the Association football championship, which it also held through the succeeding three years, nmking a total of six consecutive years when the college had cham])ionship honors. In Oxford he wa.s captain of the Queen's College Footl)all Club and he holds mend)ership in the Eaglet and Addison Clubs of Queen's College. During his last year at ^Manitoba College, in 1908, he was president of the students. In the sea.son of 1907-8 he organized the Manitoba College Athletic Association and Wius its first president. In 1908 he was vice president of the Universit.y Athletic Association, which was the highest office that could be held by a student, as the presidency was occupied by the registrar. His interests, however, by no means center upon athletics to the exclusion of other important phases of existence. He has been especially active in the Young Men's Christian Association, of which he became a member in 1902, and he has done much work in its behalf botli in connection with Man- itoba College and the city organization. While in college he was for two years in charge of the Bible study department of the Young Men's Christian Associa- tion and thus he has held to the trifold development of the physical, mental and moral nature. ARNOT G. V. LEISHIMAN, :\I. D. Dr. Ai"not G. V. Leishman is a well known physician and surgeon of Shoal Lake, where he has practiced his profession continuously since 1905. It was in the yi-av 1900 that he came to the province of Jlanitoba from Angus, Simcoe county, Ontario. His birth occurred at South Gore on the 2.jth of December, 1878, his i)arents being the Rev. J. and Carrie (Cilassup) Leishman. The father, a Presbyterian miuister, is now at the head of a congregation in Flem- ing, Saskatchewan. The Leishman family comes of old Scotch origin. In the acquirement of an education Dr. A. G. V. Leishman attended school at Barrio, completing the high-school course by graduation in 1898. During the next three years he followed the profession of teaching in Ontario, impart- ing clearly and readily to others the knowledge which he had acquired. In 190L haviirg dct<'riiiined upon the practice of medicine as a life work, he entered the ]\Iaiiitolia ^ledical College, which institution conferred upon him the degree of yi. D. in 190.3. During the past eiglit years lie has remained a practitioner of Shoal Lake, enjoying a liberal and lucrative practice tiiat has steadily grown as his skill and ability have become recognized. He acts as president of the hos])ital at Shoal Lake and is also healtii oftici'r at that place. He belongs to the Canadian Medical Association and is held in high esteem by representatives of the profession as well as the general public. 580 THE STORY OB^ JLVXITOBA (1ii till- 25th of ^fay. 1910, at Fleming. Saskatchewau. Dr. Leislinian was united in niarriasre to jii.s.s Ethel Murray, a daughter of the late David llun-ay, chief of police of Winnipeg. They have one cliild, John D., and reside in an atfrac-tivc home wliicli they own. In ])ulities Dr. Leisiniian is a lilici'al. while fraternally he is identified with the ^lasons, belonging to the lilue lodge at Shoal liake and the ehai)ter at Neepawa. He is likewise eouneeted with the Canadian Order of Foresters and the Indejiendent Order of Foresters, and his religious faith is indicated by liis membership in the Presbyterian ehureh. He is a young man of laudable ambi- tion and strong purpose and, with conscientious regard for the duties and obligations which devolve upon the profession, he is faithful to bis work and is making constant progress therein. ja:\ies a. dempsey. ^'aricd business intei'esti? have engaged the attention of James A. Dempsey during the ten years of his residence in Neepawa, where be is numbered among the progressive and iiublic-spirited men of the comnninity. A native of the province of Ontario, his birth occurred in Huron county on the 1st of August, 1869, his parents being John and Eliza (Hodgson) Dempsey. The mother was also a native of Ontario, having been born in Middlesex county, but the father's birth- occurred in Antrim, Ireland. There the paternal grandfather, likewise John Dempsey. was born, reared and married, his natal day being the 17th of Alarcli, 1815. He continued to nuike bis home in Irelaml until 1845, when, with bis wife and three elder children, lie emigrated to Amei'ica, his destination being Oiitai'io. I'pon bis arrival in that province he took up a hundi'cd acres of wooded land in London township, about eight miles from the city of that name. For some years he diligently applied himself to dealing his tract and bringing it under cultivation, meeting with the usual experiences incident to jdoneer life. Later he removed to Huron county, where he took up another hundred acres of wild land, and there continued his agricultural pursuits until 1882. In the latter .year, at the age of sixty-seven .vears, he again decided to tr.v his lot on the frontier, and coming to Manitoba homesteaded .some land nino miles southeast of Neepawa. Here be practicall.v lived over his early experi- ences in Ontario, undergoing the same baiilsbips and meeting with the obstacles which all pioneers encounter in their efforts to establish a home in a new country. He passed away on his farm in June, 1912, at the advanced age of ninet.v-seven years and three months. He was a man of wonderful ph.vsicpie, and en.ioyed good health until the last and had full command of his faculties. His wife, who preceded him in death in 1902, was ninet.v-one at the time of her demise. To this worth.v couple were born ten children, seven .sons and three daughters, all of whom reached maturity. In the year 1910 the famil.v were all living with the exception of the mother and the combined ages of the father and children aggregated seven hundred and fifty-five years. The son James, an uncle of our sub.iect, whose death occurred prior to that of his father, was sixty-six years and .seven months at the time of his demise. Grandfather Dempsey had been afliliated with the IMasonie lodge for seventy-nine years at the time of his death, and for several years previous to that event had been known as the oldest living member of the order. A large portion of the life of John Dempsey. the father of our sub.iect, has been passed in Huron count.v, Ontario. At an early age he began assisting with the work of the homestead, sharing with his father and brothers the unceasing drudgery and hardships incident to pioneer farming. Upon starting out for himself he acquired a tract of wild land in Huron count.v, which he cleared and there he has ever since made his home. By hard work and constant application he has brought his THE STORY OF MANITOBA 581 place into a high state of productivity, and now owns one of the valuable and well improved properties of that section. The eldest in a family of ten children and the son of a pioneer farmer, iiaturall.y the early advantages of J. A. Dempsey were limited. He attended the common schools of his native comit.v until he was a youth of sixteen years, when he began teaching, following that vocation in Ontario for ten years. At the e.xpii'ation of that time he came to JIanitol:a, where he resumed his teach- ing. Soon after his arrival in this province he bought some land, to the clearing and develoj)ment of which he devoted his time w^hen not in the school room, dividing his energies between teaching and farming for six years thereafter. Believing he could idealize more lucrative returns at the expenditure of less vitality in some other vocation, he then leased his farm, resigned his school and came to Neepawa, where he has ever since been located. A man of keen dis- cernment ami unusual sagacity in matters of business, Mr. Dempsey readily recognizes o|)])ortunities not observed l>.v the less perspicacious, which he utilizes to good advantage. lie is engaged in the commission business in connection with which lie is dealing in real estate and is also the local reitresentative for the Provincial jMutnal Hail Insurance Company. He conducts an auction each Saturday afternoon of a miscellaneous nature, as he buys everything for which he considers there is a market. Diligence and enterprise united with rare versatility are paving the way to prosperit.v for I\Ir. Dempsey, who is rapidly winning recognition as one of the most efficient and capable business men of the town. In December, 1896. Mr. Dempsey was married to iliss Mary Jacobs, a daughter of Samuel Jacobs, one of the pioneer settlers of ^Manitoba, and to them have been born four children. In order of birth they are as follows: Harold, James, Elsie and Glenn. The three first named are in school. Fraternally, ^Ir. Dempsey is a member of the Masonic order, and he also belongs to the Woodmen of the World and Knights of Pythias. In matters of citizenship he is jn-ogressive and enterprising, taking an active interest in everything pertaining to the municipal welfare and for four years was a mem- ber of the local council, having served on that body at the time the waterworks and sewerage s.vstem were adopted and installed. He is now and has for some time past been manager of the Northwestern Agricultural and Art Association, which holds annual exhibitions. In his earlier years Mr. Dempsey was very much interested in athletics of all descriptions, having played baseball, football and la-crosse, while in later life he took up curling, which sport he still enjoys. A man of i)rogressive ideas, unceasing energv^ and intelligently directed activities he has been a most tlesirable aciiuisition to his community, toward the develop- ment of which he has contributed by his enthusiastic cooperation in every advance movement. FRANCIS JOSKIMI lU'TCHKR. Francis Joseph Butcher, barrister and attornt'.v at law in Carman and well known also as the owner of the McLellan farm at Morden, was born in London, England, on October 22, 1874. He is a son of William and Eliza (Schnller) Butclier. also natives of that city, where the father was successful as a whole- sale provision merchant for a number of years. PVancis J. liulcher is one of a family of eight children. His elementary education was received in England and lie was sixteen years of age when he came to America. In 18!)() he settleil in Manitol)a and in the same .vear entered the law office of Stewart Wright, of Portage la Prairie, with whom he studied for some time. Later he went to Winni])eg and worked in the olTiices of Munson & Allan, Hough & Campbell, and Mulock & l\ol)art.s, and was admitted to the bar as an attorney and barrister in 1900. For some time afterward he remained with the latter firm l)\it eventually opened an office for himself in Winnipeg. 582 THE STORY OF MANITOBA lu I'JVi lit- raiiic to Carman, wlaTe Uc lias ivsidud .siiu'c lluit time. ]3uriug the uiue years of his rcsideuee iu Caniiaii liis practice has steadily increased and he has been retained in conueetiou with important cases, his success being the truest evidence of his ability. Iu September. I'Jll, Mr. Butcher married iliss Fredericka Ida Goodwin, a daughter of George Goodwin, a pioneer iu ^lanitoba, aiul they have one sou, Kegiuald Frauds. Outside of his profession a great deal of Mr. Butcher's interest and attention ceutere on the operation of his four hundred and eighty acre tract of land in Morden, known as the ilcLcllau farm, which was formerly owned by Dr. JMcLellan, the famous mathematician of Toronto. This is a splendid example of a model, present-day agricultural enteri)rise, for nothing is lacking which is necessary in the conduct of tlie work of the various depart- ments. The buildings are modern, clean and sanitary, their equipment being of the best, and the farm machinery is of the newest kind. Upon the property Mr. Butcher raises tiiu- croi)s of grain, jjotatoes and alfalfa, and contemplates the breeding and raising oi' high-grade cattle. lie is giving more and moi-e attention to the operation of his farm, although he has not in any way neglected his legal practice but lias made both activities of his life factors in a prosperity which places him among the representative men of his community. KOBERT AITKEN, F. R. H. S. An instinctive love of power in all its manifestations, a delight iu the color, form, and delicate loveliness of flowers, and an idealist's belief iu the uplifting power of sheer beauty, have made Robert Aitkeu oue of the most eminent horti- culturists in the province of Manitoba. Au education with a practical basis and a superstructure of special training, ability of a high order and energy and activity iu the advancement and promotion of his ideas have made him also oue of the most successful men iu this line of work from a business point of view. He was born iu Glasgow, Scotland, in 1864:, a sou of William and Christine (Findlay) Aitken, and has been familiar with the scientiflc care and cultivation of flowers from his earliest childhood, for his father was a nursery- man, seedman, florist and general contractor iu Scotland. The business is still being carried on by other members of the firm. The mother of cur subject is a member of the Findlay-Thomi^son family, well known and prominent iu Glasgow. After completing the usual course of studies iu the public schools of his native city, Robert Aitkeu began learning the landscape and engineering busi- ness under Alexander Galloway. He later studied uuder Douald McKelvie, of Dundee, and completed a splendid special education under Garlick Sykes, of Manchester and London, England. He worked at his profession in the British isles until 1900 and his conspicuous attainments gained him membership in the West of Scotland Horticidtural Society and the Manchester and Liverpool Horticultural Society, besides a fellowship in the Royal Horticultural Society. On April 5, 1900, Mr. Aitkeu came to Winuipeg with his family. He began his life iu Canada working for the city jjark board and retained his position for oue year and a half. On December 2.'). 1901, he was appointed superintendent of the Elmwood Cemetery Compauy and under his direction the cemetery grounds were designed and laid out aud tiieir entire development in beauty and artistic appearance has been the result of his work. He has become a member of the Manitoba Horticultural and Forestry Association and is one of the most able men iu this organization. He is also a member of the Canadian Forestry Association and a member of the Winuipeg Horticultural Society since its inception. In company with William Pearson, Dr. J. H. R. Bond, and Ella Cora Hind, lie organized the Winnipeg Garden Club with the idea of promoting the culture of trees and flowers about the city in the vacant lots aud in every THE STORY OF MANITOBA 583 available place, so that Wiiynipeg might lie beautified and the children of the cit.y encouraged in tlie love and study of flowers. lie was also one of the organizers of tlie original Order of Scottish Clans and his wife is now president of the ladies auxiliary. While residing in Glasgow JMr. Aitken was secretary and treasurer of the Free church and since coming to Winnipeg organized the Elmwood Pi-esbyterian church and has acted as its secretary' since its founding. In 1890 Mr. Aitken wa.s united in marriage to ]\Iiss Margaret ]Merrilees Alexander, a daughter of Robert Alexander, of Scotland, who for many j^ears was a station master of the North British Railroad. They have five sons and four daughters and reside at No. 131 Kelvin street, Winnipeg. Along with his love of flowers goes the other interest which always supple- ments and dignifies, namely the love of children. Realizing that the future of the nation is in the hands of the boys and girls of today and that accordingly as they are trained in righteousness or in wickedness, will the next generation develop or retrograde, Mr. Aitken has appointed for himself the task of imbu- ing in the children of Winnipeg the love of nature and beauty, things which so fill his own soul. He organized, in Novem])er. 1907, the first boys brigade in his district, which now occupies a foremost place in the Winnipeg battalion. This is a most commendable organization and has been an important factor in the physical and moral tlevelopment of growing boys. Especially does he work to develop the love of nature among the poor, who have the most difficult access to flowers and trees and he has labored steadily and earnestly at a work which is perhaps greater than business or political accomplishment, that of instilling love for beauty in the hearts of children. ALFRED STEPHEN ARNOLD. The spirit of enterprise characterizes Alfred Stephen Arnold in all that he undertakes. It is as evident in his service as mayor of Shoal Lake as it is in the conduct of his business affairs as a grain merchant. He believes in progress and will brook no obstacles that bar his path if thej' can be overcome by per- sistent and honest effort. His salient characteristics have won for him the confidence of the general public and have brought him to a prominent place. Mr. Arnold was boi'n at Croj'don, Enghmd, November 22, 1865, his parents being Alfred Stephen and Mar}' (Miller) Arnold. The father followed the butchering business both in the old world and in the new. On leaving his native land he took up his abode at Newcastle, Ontario, where he established a meat market which he conducted up to the time of his death in 1887. He represents one of the old families of English origin. His widow survives him and now resides in Toronto. Alfred Stephen Arnold acipiired ids education in the public schools of Newcastle, which he entered in early childhood. He pa.ssed through consecutive grades until graduated with the class of 1881. The following year he started westward, arriving in Manitoba on the 20th of January, 1882, when a youth of .sixteen yeai-s. He was given employment by his uncle. Frank Jliller, who owned a stock farm, upon which he remained for about four years. He then began to buy and sell cattle on his own account and in coiuiection therewith conducted a meat market, ojiening the first establishment of tlie kind .-d Shoal Lake. He carried on the business continuously until 1890. in which year he became station agent and telegraph operator for the .Manitoba & Northwestern Railroad, acting in that capacity for two years. He next went to Toronto, where he conducted a meat market until 1897, when he returned to Shoal Lake and took up both farming and the meat business. He disposed of his market in 1910, however, after having carried it on for four years in connection with the grain business, which he established in 1906 and which he continues to the present time. Soon after his arrival in ^lanitoba he took up a homestead on 584 THE STORY OF MANITOBA prairie land wliicli li.- improved, addiiiu: u miuiber of substantia] huildiups, and he also imrciiascd otlicr farnus that he likewise improved. In faet he lias heen a very active liiusiiiess man and his has been a well spent lite, his indet'a1irivations while >dearing their land and preparing it for cultivation, liut aflei' long yeais of toil John (iai'land transformed the place into one of the most valuable fanning propei'lies of that vicinity. It was his home iluring the remainder of his life and the birthjilace of his son Wright. He pa.s.sed away in 1897 and the mother in 1877 and both are buried in the cemetery at Franktowu. The boyhood and youth of Wright Garlaiul were passed amid the pioneer conditions which yet ])revailed in that section of Ontario. In common with other farnui- lads he eai-ly became tamiliar with tile duties of tile agi-icullurist, such time as lie was not engaged witii bis school work lieiiig .spent in a.s.sisting his father with the tilling of the fields and care of tiie erop.s. His education was begun in the district schools in the vicinity of iiis home and completed in the 594 THE STORY OF MANITOBA Ottawa high st-hool, wliich he attended until he was a youth of nineteen years. Having decided to adopt a mercantile career, he subsequently obtained a posi- tion in the dry-goods store of Robert Switzer of Ottawa, continuing in his employ until he came to Manitoba in 1880. When he first came to this province .Vr. Garland followed various pursuits, engaging in any line of work which a Horded him an opportunity of earning an lionest living. He subsequently tiled on a homestead, in the vicinity of Grenfell, and diligently applied himself to its development for four years. At the end ol; that time he returned to Portage la Prairie and entered the employ of his brother William, who was engaged in the clothing and men's furnishing gootls business at tiiat point. He remained there until 1888, when he came to Carberry and established a similar business of his ow-n. Having but limited capital he had to begin in a very small way, but he met with a good measure of success in the development of his enterprise, which he conducted for eight j-ears. In 1896 he disposed of his store to good advantage, and investing the proceeds in nine hundred and sixty acres of land once more turned his attention to agricultural pursuits. He engaged in farming for three years, during which time he made extensive improvements in his jilace. including the erection oL' a tine residence, .substan- tial barns and outliuiUliiigs and the introduction of various modern conveniences. lie disposed of his ranch in 1899 and returning to Carberry purchased the business known as the Ila.slam Clothing & l''uriiishing Store. Two years later, in 1901, he likewise sold this and accepted the management of the Sandford I\Ianufacturing Company. He was identified with the latter concern until August, 1911, when he formed a partnership with his son-in-law, B. W. Cald- well, and engaged in the business with which he is still connected. It is the largest enterprise of the kind in the city and as the firm has adopted a policy in the conduct of their business which commends them to the confidence of the connnunity they are accorded a large patronage. Portage la Prairie was the scene of Mr. Garland's marriage on July 4. 1883, to Miss Emily P. Maimmack, who removed to Manitoba from Guelph, Ontario, in 1882. Of this marriage have been born four children, as follows: AVilliam P., who owns and operates a fruit ranch in "Wlionnock, British Columbia : Clive Francis, who is in the operating ward of the Children's ilemorial Hospital, Chicago; ]\Iary I., the wife of B. W. Caldwell, Mr. Garland's partner; and Ross B., who is a clerk in the store of Caldwell & Garland. The family are members of the Episcojial church, and fraternally ]\Ir. Gar- land is a I\Iaster J\Iasou and a member of the Canadian Order of Foresters. His political support he gives to the conservative party. He owns his residence in Cai'berry, which he erected ,and also a farm of four hundred and eighty acres. Diligent and enterprising in his suethods and trustworthy and upright in his transactions, IMr. Garland is held in high regard both as a business man and citizen. He is progressive in his ideas, and is always ready to support any worthy project or assist in the adoption of any movement which he feels will advance the welfare of the community or forward the interests of its citizens. ANDREW EDWARD McGAVIN, M. D., C. M. In a profession where success is directly dependent upon individual merit, Dr. Andrew Edward McGavin has won success and prominence, for he possesses the energy-, perseverance and industry which are factors in all attainment. His career demonstrates this fact clearly for he is truly a self-made man and has worked his own way iipward against obstacles and defeats to his present high place in professional circles of Carman. Nor lias he neglected the many busi- ness opportunities with which he has met. but has gradurJly become connected with important affairs along this line and has attained special success in his real-estate investments, so that to his skill in the practice of medicine is added THE STORY OF MANITOBA 595 a business prosperity which places hira among the representative men of his conmuuiity. Dr. ^McGavin was born in Paisley, Ontario, May 29, 1876, and is a sou of Janu'S and Elizabeth (Wright) McGavin. natives of Scotland, the former born in Glasgow and the latter in Largo. Mrs. James ]\IcGavin was a sister of the late Archibald Wright, of Tuxedo Park, Manitoba. The father of our subject conducted a harness-making business for a number of years in Fergus anil after he went to Paisley, Ontario, he ran a tannery in connection with his satldlery business for some time. lie was still active in the management of this enterprise at the time of his death. In the following year his widow moved to ^Manitoba with her family and in 1880 made her home upon a farm at Prairie Grove, which was formerly known as Protestant Ridge. Here Dr. McGavin attended the district schools and when he was fourteen years of age went to Winnipeg and took the full course in the Winnipeg Col- legiate Institute, graduating in 1895. Afterward he entered ilanitoba College, going at once into the junior class. Thus Dr. McGavin acquired a liberal edu- cation but this was all due to his own energy- and ability, for he worked steadily to pay his own expenses. One of his principal interests at this time was in athletics, in which he took an active pai't, being a member of a curling club which won the Wright cup in the winter of 1907-08. This interest he has carried forward to his later life and is still a firm believer in the doctrine of physical efiiciencj' as a factor in success. When he left Manitoba College he returned to his mother's farm and assumed entire charge of its management until the latter 's death in 1901. In that year he inherited the property, com- prising four hundred acres of well improved land, and in 1905 he disposed of this at a profit and entei-ed the medical department of Manitoba University in order to fit himself for what he had long determined to make his life's career. Each year which he attended this institution lu'ought him additional honors and he was graduated in 1909 well toward the head of his class. In order to supplement a technical knowledge by practical experience he went into the G^'neral IIosi)ital. being one of six who secured entrance to the institution out of sixteen apjdicants. He did able and conscientious work while there and was one of six, out of a class of fort.y-two, to receive the C. M. degree. Since coming to Carnuin Dr. McGavin has been rapidly successful. His practice has grown to gratifying proportions and is steadily increasing as his ability and skill in medicine become more widely known. On June 22, 1!)10, Dr. ilcGavin married I\Iiss ^Margaret JIcAulay of Jlor- den, ^lanitoba, a diiugliter of Finley McAulay, of Highland Scotch stock, who is at present residing in Jlorden. Di-. and Mrs. ^McGavin have one child, Edward Percival, born October 11, 1911. HENRY CLEE. Henry Clce, who has served as mayor of Kusst'U since 1909, is engaged in business as a blacksmith and has won wide recognition as one of the leading and prosperous citizens of ^Manitoba, conung to this i)rovinee from London, England, a (juartcr of a century ago. His birth occurred at Knighton. Radnorshire. Wales, on the 29tli of June, 1871. his jiarents being Henjamin and Rebecca (Tliornton) Clee, representatives of an old Enirlisli fanuly. The Clee district in Shropsliire was named in its honor. Henjamin Clee, who was a carrier, passed away in 1888 and lies buried at Ludlow in Siu'opshire. The demise of his wife occun*ed at London, England, in Mai-eii, 1912, and her remains were interred in the Hempstead cemetery. Henry Clee was a public-school pupil at Ludlow until fifteen years of age and then made liis way to London. England, where he began learning the blaeksniilh's trade, in 1^87. when a youth of sixteen, he crossed the Atlantic to Anieiiea and eame direet to IvusseiJ. Manitoba, via Quebec, completing his 596 THE STORY OF MANITOBA apprenticeship as a blacksmith with his brother Richard. Subsequently he became assusinpss property. Frateni;ill.\- he is comieeted with the liidepeiident Order of Odd Fellows, tile Knights of Pythias and the Yeomen of Ameriea and his religious faith is that of the .Methodist church. In every relation of life he has endeavored to deal honestly with all with whom he has come in contact, and to this trait and the close application which he has given to everj' detail of his business interests is due the creditable measure of prosperity which has attended his efforts. Starting out in life at an age when other lads are yet busy with the acriuirenient of their education, he has worked diligently and earnestly, being actuated a1 all times by a laudable andjitiou to succeed, and by reason of the worthy methods which he has followed has not only been rewarded by material gain hut also Ijy the esteem, confidence and good-will of his fellowmeu. ROBERT II. FUSEE. The commeiciMl field of business finds one of its strongest representatives in Robert II. Fusee, a man of great force and influence, a man who does things and who accomplishes large results. Ca>iada numbers him amoug her native sons, his birth occurring on the 6th of May, 1864, in Osnabruek township, Ontario. His ])arents, Joseph and ]\Iary (Gallinger) Fusee, were also natives of that place, while the paternal grandfather, Charles Fusee, was born in Quebec and was of French ancestry. The latter may be termed one of the empire builders of Ontario, having located at Osnabruek at a vei-y early day. He assisted in cutting down the trees and fighting the Indians and experienced all of the iierils and dangei-s of pioneer life on the (';'.nadian frontier. He ]>ai-ticipated in the War of 1S12 and spent his declining years at Barrie, Ontario, surviving until he had reached a ripe old age. From him his son Joseph inherited much of the pioneer spirit and the latter also encountered man.v of the pioneer experiences which were familiar to his father. He remained on his homestead until his death, continuing thi'oughout his lifetime one of the representativ(> agriculturists of his section. Robert II. Fusee was one of five children boi'n unto their parents, of wliom two are now living. In the district schools he received his education and in lt>Sl, when but a youth in years, he began to pi-epare for an independent busi- ness career, learning the carpenter's ti-ade. In 1890 he came to Neepawa, fol- lowing his tratle here for two years, and at the end of that period he entci-ed into a partnership with his employer, L. C. Jones, with whom he remained for a similar period. He then bought out the interest of Mr. Jones and conducted a contracting business until 190:3, meeting with growing success. In the latter year he joined John M fifty by one hundred feet and another one thiT't\' by eighty feet. The company numul'actures all kinds of building matei-ial, including soft and hard dressed lumber, making a specialty of door sashes atid moldings, and the e(|uipment of the factory includes the latest designs in machinery. They have three lumberyards to supply their factory, one at Wellwood doing a large husi- ne.ss \in(ler flic loeal nuinagement of 'William Mi-Ui'i'. The othi r two branehes. 598 THE STORY OF MANITOBA one at Brockdale. nianageil by II. W. Davidson, and another at Kellwood. under the supervision of Walter Bristow, eonduet tlie exelusive lnml)er business of those rcspci-tive towns. The factory handles lumber from the north, fir and cedar from the eoa.st ri'^ion and jiine from the Raincy River district, and they do a larpe wholesale liusiiicss. sliippinfr tinished material to various points throughout tlu' i)rovine('S. The fri'owth of tiicir trade is iihenomcnal, the venture meeting with success from tiic very befiiiiiiiMg:. ai'd at the head of the firm whi<-h operates under the style of Fusee-McFeetors Company Ltd., directing its ]iolicy and controlling its business, is Robert H. Fusee, president anil manager, to whose efforts in large measure are due the remarkable development and expan- sion of the enterprise. It was in July. 1888, that Mr, Fusee was married to Miss Alice Alquire, of Ontario, and unto their union was Imrn one daughter, Bernilda. now the wife of Donald .AIcKinnin. of Lake Dani)liin. Mrs. Fu.see died in 1S!)1 and in Janu- ary. 1S95, ilr. Fusee was again married, his second union being with Miss Frances ]McFeetors. a native of Canada. Their family include five <'liild:-en. "Willard. Robena, Alex, Annie and ]\IcFeetors, all now attending school. Mr. Fusee has membership relations with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and with the Knights of Pythias, while n politics he is a liberal. Although large business projects demand much of his time and attention he yet takes that deep interest in municipal affairs which every loyal citizen should feel. doing all in his power to further the material development of his conununity. He has served as a member of the city council for the past seven years and is chairman of the committee under whose ausjiices the sewage and water system is now being installed, the pipes being laid twelve feet under the surface. "'1 wish to preach not the doctrine of ignoble ease." said one of America's fore- most statesmen, "but the doctrine of the strenuous life." This expression has been quoted the world over and has met with a heartiness of response that is indicative of a conviction of its truth. Few men prove a better illustration of a life abounding in activity than Robert II. Fusee, who carries out his well defined plans with dispatch and brings to full completion the tilings which he undertakes. Still in the prime of life, it is safe to prophesy that he has not yet reached the zenith of his acliieveiiHMit. and ^Manitoba numbers him among her honored adopted sons and valued citizens. ARTHUR AVILLANS MORLET. While the practice of law is the real life w-ork of Arthur Willans Morley, he is also widely and prominently known in connection with military affairs, serving at the present time as captain of the Ninetieth Regiment of "Winnipeg Rifles. He was born in Huntsville. Ontario, in 1880, a son of Charles and Mary (Renneet IMorley, the father a native of England and formerly a merchant of Huntsville. who now resides in Kenora. Ontario, retired. He is a member of the famous ]Morley family of England, wi 11 known in manufacturing- and mer- cantile circles for more than a century. Charles ]\Iorley is the only representa- tive of the family who emigrated to Canada to reside. In the pui-suit of his education Arthur W. iMorley attended tlie public and high schools of Huntsville. In 1899 he matriculated in Ontario and in 1900 came to Winnipeg. Here he began reading law in the oflfice and under the direction of Hon. J. D. Cameron, while his collegiate training was received in the University of Manitoba, from which he was graduated in 1004, receiving the LL. B. The same year he was called to the provincial bar but for about two years thereafter his law work was done in connection with the firm of Cameron & Phillips. He then entered into partnership relation under the firm style of ^lorley & Suiifield. which connection was continued until 1911, when he dissolved partnership and has since been alone. He has his otifice Ai; rill i; w . \|mui,i;\ THE STORY OF MANITOBA 601 iu the ^leArtliur block and his professional duties are largely eoufined to com- mercial and corporation interests. He lias studied broadly in those depart- ments of the law, thoroughly informed himself concerning the points at issue and is accredited prominence and success as counsel for a number of leading Winnipeg corpoi-ations. He is also financially interested in a luunber of business enterprises here and is serving on the directorate of a number of corpoi'ations. Mv. ^loi-ley's study of political (|iiestions and issues has led him to give his indorsement to the liberal party and he has served on the executive at various times and also as secretary. Since coming to Winnipeg he has taken an active part in military affairs and is not only captain of the Ninetieth Regiment of Winnipeg Rifles l)ut was also selected by the militia department of the govern ment to act witii the military contingent at the coronation in England in 1911. In 19(17 ]\rr. ^lorley was mari'ied to ]\Ii!>s (Jertrude Marion Wilson, a daugh- ter of William Wilson, retired, of this city, and they have one child, Marjorie. The jiarents attend the Presbyterian church and ]Mr. ]Morley holds membership with th(! Carleton Club and the Western Canada ]\Iilitary Institute. In Masonry he has attained iiigh rank and is a past master of Ancient Landmark Lodge, No. 3, A. F. & A. M., while in the Scottish Rite he has reached the thirty-second degree. Although a young man, he has rapidly worked his way to the front in various connections, the recognition of his worth gaining him desei'ved prominence. MASSEY-HARRIS COMPANY, LIJIITED. The Jlassey-IIarris Company, Limited, dealers in agricultural implements and wagons, operates one of the pioneer business houses in Winnipeg and is recognized today as one of the most prosperous, solidly conservative, and impor- tant firms of the city and western Canada. It came liefore the railroad entered Winnipeg and the policies and standards of straightforward business methods and strict integrity which have always been maintained have been one of the greatest factors in the industrial development which has made out of a little frontier vil.age a modern, progressive and flourishing city. The IMassey-Harris Company is' an amalgamation of the old fii'ms of A. Harris Sons & Comiiany and the Massey ^laiuifacturing Company, the latter of which was establisheil in 1847. The head office is at Toronto and Sir Lyman Melvin Jones is ])resideiit and J. H. Ilousser acts as secretai-y. The firm estab- lished their AVinnipeg branch in 1879, Sir Lyman Melvin Jones being then the manager. The establishment consisted at that time of the manager, assistant manager and two employes. They occupied offices at the corner of Market and Main streets, tiie present site of the city hall, and their goods were brought to Winnipeg from St. Paul and Minneapolis. In 1881 J. II Ilousser. the i)re.sent seci-etary of the company, was made manager with Edgar Jones, office manager and Henry Likens, traveler. When the railroad came through to Br.-mdou and RMi)i(l City in 1881 and 1882. they established branch offices in both jilaet'S and in l,s8:j opened branches at Pilot Mound and Nelsonville. hauling tiie goods by teams from Emerson. At that time the company dealt only in plows, har- rows and wagons. In 1882, however, they erected a new I)uilding on Pi-incess street and enlarged their output to include binders, their first large shijimeut coining by boat to Selkirk and then by team to AVinnipeg and Prince Albert in that year. In 1885 the i)resent buihling was erected. In those days the two firms did a separate business throughout tlie entire nortiiwest and continued in this way until the amalgamation in 1891. Since that tinu^ tlie Inisine.ss has increased to such an extent that it has been found necessary to establish other branches and to reduce the territory covered, and tiie firm maintains today six branch headquarters in western Canada. The Winnipeg department is confined 602 THE STORY OF MANITOBA in the selling of agricultural implements and wagons to the province of Mani- toba ami eastern Saskatchewan and furnishes eniployniont for seventy-five jieoplc in tlie office and warehouse hesides twenty-live traveU'rs. They maintain two hundred and sixty-five local agencies and carry a complete line of goods, all of Canadian make, the machinery being manufactured at Toronto and Brant- ford and tlie wagon lines at Woodstock, Ontario. The present manager of the Winnipeg branch is Charles H. Whitaker, who was born in Brantford, Ontario, and who began his business career at the early age of fourteen, entering the employ of the A. Harris Sons & Company with whom he has been connected in different capacities since that time. ALEXANDER CHARLES CAMPBELL. Alexander Charles Campbell, principal of St. John's Technical High School of Winnipeg, to which position he was called in 1912, bringing to the work the result of twelve years' experience in the educational field, was liorn in Domin- ion ville. Glengarry county, Ontario, September 10, 1874, a son of Malcolm and ^lary (Robertson) Campbell. He supplemented his training in the Corn- wall high school with study in the Harbord Street Collegiate Institute of Toronto and in the L^niversity of Toronto. He was graduated from the latter in June, 1900, with the Bachelor of Arts degree, winning first-class honors in mathematics and physical science. He entered at once upon the profession of teaching and from 1902 imtil 1906 was mathematical master in the Collegiate Institute in Portage la Prairie. In the latter year he became inspector of schools for the southern division of Manitoba and so continued until 1909. He was principal of the North Collegiate Institute in Winnipeg from January 1, 1910, until January 1, 1912, and on the latter date became principal of St. John's Technical High School of this cit.y. Throughout the years which he has devoted to teaching he has given close study to the best methods of imparting instruction and his initiative spirit has here found scope, resulting in excellent work for the benefit of the individual puiiil and the schools at large. On the 8th of August, 1906, at Lunenburg, Ontario, Mr. Campbell was mar- ried to iliss ]Minnie IMacEwau, the only child of ^Iv. and ^I''s. George A. Mac- Ewan. The children of Mr. and JMrs. Campbell are: Enid ]Mavhelle, born July 29. 1907; and Earl Malcolm, born February 19, 1912. Jlr. Cani]>])ell is a past gi-and of Portage Lodge, No. 3, I. 0. 0. F., and a member of Stanley Lodge, K. P., of Morden, Manitoba. He also belongs to the Adanac Club of Winnipeg and holds membership in the Baptist church. He is seeking ever to broaden the scope of his labors and make his work of greater worth in the world, realizing that, as President Eliot of Harvard said, ''What is needed is con- tiiuious education which lasts all through life." He is zealous and earnest and his expediency, combined with his zeal, has wrought splendid results in his chosen profession. SIMPSON P. HINCH. Simpson P. Hinch, whose operations in real estate and in the exploitation of lands in the Carman district have placed him in the front ranks of progres- sive business men, was born in Camden township, Addington county. Ontario, September 12, 18.55. He is a son of Thomas and Mary (Quigley) Hinch, the former a native of Kilkenny, Ireland, and the latter of Camden, Ontario. The family was founded in Canada by the grandmother of the subject of this review, who came as a widow from Ireland to Ontario and settled in Napanee. where her son, the father of our subject, grew to manhood. He learned woodworking THE STORY OF MANITOBA 603 and after he had mastered its details I'ormed a partnership with his brother in the construction of fanniny: mills. After one year he bouf?ht out his partner's interest and continued to conduct the eonnceru alone. Later he engaged in farming and his land and the ailjoining properties operated by his three brothers was known as the Ilincli settlement and postoftice. Thomas Iliiich then i)ur- chased a fai'iu in Fredericksburg, where he resided for several years, and tinally left his farm and went to Napanee, where he lived retired until his death, which occurred in 18!)!}, when he was seventy-seven years of age. Simpson 1'. Hindi is the third in a family of seven children. He grew up on his father's farm and remained with his parents until 1884, when he joined his brother in the conduct of a general store. Later, however, he returned to the farm but after a short time rented the property and again joined his brother in business. Together they managed a large dry-goods store in Napanee and made it a profitable and valuable enterprise. In 1897 the brother, Ogdeu Ilinch, went to ^Manitoba, leaving ^Ir. Ilinch of this review in sole charge. He continued to conduct the establishment until 1901 and then joined his brother in Carman, where they were associated in the real-estate business for one year. In 1902 Ogden Ilinch moved to Winnipeg and there became one of the most prominent figures in the Union Colonization Company, which he organized and develojied. After three years he sold out this enterprise and established the llauitoba & Western Colonization Company. No man was better known in real- estate circles of the city and his death in .Septeiuber, 1909, was felt as a distinct loss to general business activity. Since that time his son, Herbert II. Ilinch, has managed the business successfully. When Ogden Ilinch moved to Winni- peg, Simpson P. Ilinch remained in Carman, taking full charge of the business which they had established together. This has now grown to large proportions and in its conduct Mr. Hinch has proved himself a keen, capable and resource- ful man. He makes a specialty of farm lands in the Carman district and is also doing an extensive insurance and loan business. On Juno 1, 1882, Mr. Hindi was married at Earnestown, Ontario, to Hannah Maria Hell, a native of that place and a daughter of William and Mercy (Aylesworth) Bell. Two children were born to J\Ir. and Mrs. Hindi, as follows: Mary Ethel, now Mrs. George S. Sexsmith, teller in the Northern Crown Bank at McCoun, Saskatidiewan : and Thomas Wilfred Bell. jMrs. Sexsmith is the mother of two daughters. JIargaret Alicia Bell and Hannah Isabel. Mrs Hinch died on Februarj' 24, 1909, and on June 18, 1910, Mr. Hinch married Miss Margaret liurgess, of Lucknow, Ontario, a daughter of George Burgess, of that city. Mr. and Mrs. Ilinch are well known in social circles of the Carman dis- trict. Jlr. Hindi's career has been one of continuous activity, in which his labors have won full recognition and today he is numbered among the substan- tial citizens of Carman. His interests are thoroughly identified with those of this section of the province and at all times he is ready to lend his aid and coo]>eration to any movement calculated to benefit the community or advance its development. I M. C. MARKLE. M. C. Markle is the only resident member of the bar at Shoal Lake, where he has made his home since 1902. In the practice of law he has secured a large clientage and has been connected with much important litigation, carefully preparing his cases before he entei-s the courtroom and presenting them with elearne.si? and force. He was born near the town of Ilespeler, Ontario, on the 1st of August, 1876, and was therefore a lad of but seven years when in 1883 he wa.s brought to Manitoba by his parents, John A. and Rebecca (Clemens) Mnrkle. The father was one of the Indian agents of the early days, stationed atBirtle, and he is now inspector of Indian agencies for the province of Alberta, The family for three generations has lived in Canada. 604 THE STORY OF MANITOBA With the removal of his parents to the west, M. C. JIarkle became a student of the public scliool of Birtle and won his promotion from grade to grade until he became a high-school student. He did not complete the course, however, but left school at tiie age of fifteen and for a year thereafter was a student in the Chatham iJusiuess College. He then resumed his studies of a more specilically literary character, entering "Wesley College in the fall of 1894. lie afterwai'd became a student in the ilanitoba University, from which he was graduated in 1898 on the completion of a special course in natural science with the degree of B. A. Having in the meantime resolved on a professional career he then began the study of law with John Crerar, of Melita, Manitoba, as his preceptor. He pui"sued his second year's study with E. L. Taj^lor, of Winnipeg, and for a year thereafter was with C. J. Mickle, now county court judge of the northern judicial district. They entered into a partnership under the firm style of Mickle & IMai-kle, which continued for three years, and since that time the latter has practiced alone, remaining at Shoal Lake continuoush' since 1902. He is also engaged in the real-estate business and conducts a fire and life insurance agency. That branch of his business as well as his profession is returning to him a good income for he writes a large number of policies each year. On the 10th of August, 1904, at Shoal Lake, Mr. Markle was married to Miss Lydia I. Bates, a daughter of P.. W. and Elizabeth (Walker) Bates, the former a general merchant of Millwood, Manitoba. Jlr. and Mrs. IMarkle have five children, Vernon B., Mervyn C, Margaret X., Gerald Asquith and Claude E. The family are pleasantly located in an attractive residence which was. pur- chased by ^Ir. Markle and he has erected an office Iniilding in the town. He is a recognized leader in public affairs here and served as iiia.yor for the year 1911. In polities he may be termed an independent liberal for he does not hold rigidly to any party but votes as his judgment dictates. He is prominent and popular in fraternal circles, holding membership with the Masons, the Odd Fellows and the Independent Order of Foresters. He belongs to the Methodist church and an upright, honorable life has won him the high regard of all with whom he has come in contact. FRANK HEINTZ. Frank Heintz, who recently purchased three hundred and twenty acres of land on section 50, township 15, range 17, in the Minnedosa district, which he intends to devote to diversified farming, is one of the enterprising citizens Holland has sent to Manitoba. He was born in the city of Leiden on the 21st of August, 1883, his parents being Ferdinand F. W^. and Johanna Heintz. The father passed away in 1908 and is buried in Leiden, but the mother is still living and continues to reside in her native laud. In the acquirement of an education Frank Heintz attended the schools of the city of Amsterdam until graduated at the age of fifteen years, following which he spent three years in a commercial college, thus qualifying himself for a business career. He was subsequently emplo3'ed in a bank in Holland until he emigrated to ^lanitoba, where he had resolved to establish a home. Having decided to adopt an agricultural career, during the first five years of his residence in this country he worked on a farm. At the expiration of that time he bought .some land at Clan William, Manitoba, and engaged in farming on his own account. As he had mastei-ed the practical methods of tilling the fields and caring for the crops, he was well qualified to start out for himself and met w-ith success in the cultivation of his holding. He intelligently applied himself to the development of his farm, \\hich he later sold to good advantage, investing the proceeds in the place where he is now located. He took up his residence here in 1912, and is directing his energies along the lines of diversified THE STORY OF MANITOBA 605 farming, iu connection with which he is raising some stock, ilr. Heintz is a young man of laudable ambition, good judgment and practical ideas, and as he is enteri)rising and systematic in his methods will undoubtedly prosper in his undertaking. On the 27th of October, I'JOS, Mr. Heintz was married to Miss Jessie Bate- man, a daughter of George and Mary Bateman, the father a dentist of London, England. Mr. and Mrs. Heintz are members of the Church of England, and his political allegiance he accords to the conservative party. During the brief period of his residence here he has made a very favorable impression on his neighbors and fellow townsmen, who regard him as a most desirable acquisition to their community. ja:\ies mccullough. ' A tine business instinct intelligently developed, a faculty for commanding and using opportunities and a detailed knowledge of the general conditions which etfeet growth, are the qualities which make James McCullough prominent and respected in business circles of Carman. He is a member of the tirm of Bridge & McCullough, dealers in implements of all kinds, and has done his full sbare in the work of development which has placed this concern among tbe ini|)()rtnnt enterprises in the district. A native of Ontario. 'Slv. ^IcCullfJimb was l>oi'n in Hastings county. ^March 6, 1867, and is a son of John and ifargaret (^Se.xsmith) ^McCullough. both natives of Ireland. The paternal branch of the family was founded in Canada by James ^IcCullough, the grandfather of the subject of this review, who came to the Dominion about 1827, and located near Belleville, on a tract of bush land, out of which, by arduous labor, he evolved a profitable farm. His enterprise was located on the Salmon river, on which the Rathliurn mill was operated, and was ten miles from N;ipanee. He died upon his holdings, which afterward passed into possession of his son, the father of the subject of this review. The latter also engaged in farming in Ontario for a numbei- of years but became imbued with the pioneer spirit and in 1874 determined to locate in Manitoba. In that year he came by the Dawson route to the province and settled two miles west of the present site of Carman. He found here only a stretch of unbroken country, covered with bush and sparsely settled. In the development of the land which he took up he encountered ail the hardships and privations of pioneer life and overcame these by his resolute energy and dauntless spirit. Gradually he developed from the wilderness a protital)le, modern farm and gained a bigh degree of prosperity and success. He was recognized as one of the individui'l influences upon the rapid growth of the section and was one of the most highly respected and esteemed citizens of Carman at the time of his death, which occurred in 1894, when he was sixty- nine years of age. Mrs. j\IcCullough died near Carman in 1874. Janu's Mc< 'ullough of this review was the sixth in a family of seven children, of whom five are living: John, a farmer neiir Carman: Emily, who is Jlrs. Thomas Moyle, of Graysville. Manitoba: Lucinda. the wife of Andrew P. Stockwell. of Burlington, North Dakota: James: and Martha, who is I\h's. Frank Bridge, of Carman. James JMcCulIough was .seven years of age when liis father came to ^faiiilolia Mild grew up in a district whicii liad no school I'aeilities. lie spent his boyhood upon the homestead and after his father's death had entire control. For a number of years he carried on mixed farming on three hundred and twenty acres and was also extensively engaged in stock-raising, keeping a fine herd of high-grade cattle. His success in agrieuKural pursuits was the out- come of his early training and experience, combined with his jirogressive methods and general business ability. Everything aliout his farm was kejil in excellent condition, substantial improvements were made from time to time and new 606 THE STORY OF MANITOBA methods adopted until the property was in every respect a model agricultural enterprise, refleetiugr the care and labor of its owner, who was a practical and able farmer. In 1!)10 Jlr. ^MeCulloujjh left his farm, wliicii is being developed under contract, and came to Carman, where he entered into partnership with Frank Bridge, under the firm name of Bridge & McCullough. This company handles all kinds of agricultural implements and aside from doing a general business acts as representative for the Cockshutt Plow Company, the Deering division of the International Harvester Company; the J. I. Case Threshing Machine Company ; and the Ford ]\Iotor Car Company. Much of the credit for the able management of this concern is due to the keen business ability, the systematic methods and the executive force of Mr. McCullough. who in the two years he has lived in Carman has gained wide recognition as a commanding figure in business development. In December, 1896. Mr. McCullougli married Miss Bertha Jane Armstrong, a daughter of Henry Armstrong, of Hastings county, Ontario. They have five children: Annie Jlyrtle, Pearl Pans.v, Harry Harmon and James Clifford, all of whom attend school; and Lyall Albourn. ^Ir. JlcCullougii is an enterprising and progressive business man, of marked ability and laudable ambition, who seldom fails to carry forward to successful completion whatever he undiTtakes. JOHN BROCKEST. Jolin Brockest is a prominent factor in liusiness circles of Winnipeg as the vice president of the firm of Clare & Brockest, Limited, jobbers in ranges, furnaces and metal goods. The Imsiness is conducted at No. 28 May street and there are also branches at Calgary and Edmonton. Mr. Brockest was born in Bruce county, Ontario, in the year 1863. his parents being Henry and ^lartha (Jackson) Brockest. The father, who was an agi'iculturist of Bruce county, lived retired for a number of years ju-ior to liis demise, which occurred in 1911. John Brockest was educated in the scliools of his native province and then served an apprenticeship as a tinsmith. Subsequently he became a journey- man in that line of business and later went upon the road as a traveling sales- man. In 1897 he came to Winnipeg and entered the service of the McClary Manufacturing Company, in the interests of which concern he traveled for four years. In 1901 he formed a partnership with H. J. Clare, under the firm name of Clare & Brockest, for the conduct of a jobbing business in stoves, furnaces and tinware. In 1910 the enterprise was incor])orated as Clare & Brockest, Limited, jobbers in ranges, furnaces and metal goods, witli branches at Calgary and Edmonton. The business was established on a small scale but has now a.ssumed extensive proportions. The oftiee and warehouse is a six-story building, fifty by one hundred and fifty feet, \sith trackage and a platform on which three cars can be handled at a time. The business of the concern extends from Port Arthur and Fort William to British Columbia and it is represented on the road bj- eight traveling salesmen, while the employes in the office and warehouse number about twenty. Jlr. Brockest has been a big factor in the growth and success of the enterprise, which has received the benefit of his sound judgment and splendid l>usiuess ability. lie has gained an enviable reputation as one of the pro.sperous and representative citizens of Winnipeg. In September, 1886, Mr. Brockest was united in marriage to Jliss Florence Yuker, her father being Clarke Yuker of Hamilton, who was a well known commercial traveler for thirty-five years. Our subject and his wife have five children, three sons and two daughters. The family residence is at No. 243 Bell street in Winnipeg. Fraternally Mr. Brockest is identified with the Masons, belonging to St. John's Lodge, No. 4, P. & A. M., and Prince Rupert's Chapter, No. 52, R. A. M. He is also a valued member of the Adanac Club. .JOHN MROIKKST THE STORY OP MANITOBA 609 He has been for some years a director of the North West Travelers Association. Throughout the period of his residence in Winnipeg, covering fifteen years, Mr. Brockest has maintained an unassaihit)le reputation for business enter- prise and jtrohity, uiiih' tlic sterling woi-th of his character has constantly gained for him tlie friendship of those with whom he has come in contact. DAVID SMITH, LL. R. David Smith is not only well known as an able barrister of the Manitoba bar but also as one of the prominent raisers of high-gi-ade stock in the province. He is a native of that country from which so many of America's sturdiest, brightest and most distinguished men have come, his birth having occurred in Glasgow, Scotland, on the l.lth of November. 1867. lie is a son of John Vass and Helen (Scotland) Smith, natives of Perth and Al)erdeen, respectively, while his grandfather, David Smith, who was also horn in Perth, spent his entire life in the land of hills and heather, there following the occupation of a weaver. The Scotland family were of Aberdeen, Scotland, where the.v had resided for many generations. John Vass Smith left his native land about 1873 and crossed the Atlantic to America, taking up his abode first in Gait, Ontario, where he made his home for some time. Later he removed to Sheffield, Beverly township and still later to Arthur. Ontario, where his death occurred. He was a tailor by trade and followed that occupation in the various com- munities in which he resided up to the time of his demise. David Smith, of this review, Avas a little lad orf six years when brought by his parents to Canada, and consequently his education was acquired in the schools of Ontario. After receiving his diploma upon his graduation from high school he engaged in teaching school for six years and in 1892 came to Manitoba. Jleantime he had taken up the study of the law, wishing to make the jii-actice of that profession his life work, and after careful jireliminary work ai'fived in Winnipeg in time to write his preparatory examination. Suc- cessfully passing this he became an articled clerk, reading law with Hon. Joseph Martin for a time, after which he removed to Glad.stone and for ten years con- ducted a branch office in this city as a representative of the firm of Martin & Mathers. Upon the dissolution of that concern he turned over his law prac- tice to Thomas Morton, the .son of T. L. Morton, M. P, P., and gave his atten- tion to the real-estate and insurance part of the busine.ss. About five years ago, on the retirement of Mr. Jlorton. Mr. Smith completed with that able law- yer the required year's study as articled clerk and then took his final examina- tion. He had taken his LL. B. degi'ce in 1897 and in l!)()7 was admitted to the bar. since which time he has practiced his profession under his own name. As a lawyer he is sound, clear-minded and well trained and his success in a professional way aft'ords the best evidence of his capabilities in this line. The zeal with which he has devoted his energies to his profession, the careful regard evinced for the interests of his clients and an assiduous and unrelaxing atten- tion to all the details of his cases, have brought him a jiracticc that is extensive and of an iiiqiortant character. In sjiiti'. however, of the claim which his large legal business makes ui>iin bis time and enei-gies, it does not ]ii-eclude his inter- est in other lines of activity. He is the owner of a valuable farm of eight hundred acres adjoining the limits of fiie town upon which he makes his home, and here he gives a share of his attention to the raising of high-grade stock, making a specialty of Jersey cows, Yorkshire hogs and Clydesdale horses. In each instance he breeds from registered stock, his cattle and iiogs all being eligible for registration, while. he is the pos.ses.sor of a larire a.s.sortmeiit of red and blue ribbons won by his Jersey cows at the various fairs held in WinniiH'g and Portage la Prairie His cream he ships to Winnipeg, win re he finds a 610 THE STORY OF MANITOBA ready market for it. Not only has his agricultural enterprise proven most renninerative but has also heeome a souree of deep interest to him and ot" recrea- tion from the more ai'duoiis, trying labors of his otiice. In 1S!)8 ilr. Smith was united in mnri'iage to Miss I\Iary I. Nixon, a native of Ilalton county. Ontario, and a diuiirliter of James II. Nixon, of Ashgrove, Ontario. The children born to tliem are five in numlier John Wilfred, James Ni.Kon, Annie Marie, Helen Scotland and David Edward, ill-. Smith finds his chief diversion in curling, and his fraternal relations are with the lndci)end- ent OrdiT of Odd Fellows, of which he is a past grand. He has come into prominence in legal circles and through his stock-raising interests, but is none the less widel.v known because of the active and helpful part wlneh he has taken and is taking in municipal affairs. He first served as a member of the city council for a nundier of years, and his abdity and pidilic spirit led his fellow citizens to bestow ujM)n him the highest honor in their iiift, electing him mayor of Ghulstoiie. In that cai)aeity he gave the cit>' a bu.sinesslike. progressive and beneficial adnnnistration. in which he inaugui'ated vai-ious needed I'cforms and improvements, nor did he fail to check those movemeids which he deemed inimical to the best interests of the city. The labor which will cause him to be longest remembered was accomplished during his second term, when he reor- ganized the town from thirt.y-six to four quarter sections. This action met with much opposition at first but later the advantage of such a movement became recognized. Mr. Smith is president of the local Liberal Association, but is not a politician in the sense of ofiice-seeking. For a number of years he served as president of the Westbourne Agricultnr;d Society and is now the secretary of that organization. He has been chairman of the school board for a great number of years, the cause of education finding in him a stanch champion, and he was president of the Board of Trade for a number of years. All phases of community life have profited by his interest and in connection therewith and Gladstone numbers among her residents no more loyal or public-spirited citizen than this adopted son. FRANCIS M. DOBBS. Francis ]\r. Dobbs. who came to the province of ^Manitoba forty years ago, has since 1898 served as clerk of the court at Shoal Lake and also as munici])al treasvirer. In business circles he is known as a representative of several fire ajid life insurance companies and likewise handles real estate. His birth oceuri'ed in Dublin, Ireland, on the 26th of September. 185.5, his parents being Arthur M. and Jlary A. (Toler) Dobbs. The father was in the civil service throughout his entire life, being employed in the general postoffice at Dublin for a great many years. Both Mr. and Mrs. Arthur M. Dobbs are deceased and lie buried in St. George's cemetery at Dublin. The family traces its ancestry back to an officer in Queen Elizabeth's army who removed from England to Ii-eland, settling at Ca.stleboy, near Carrickfergus. Francis il. Dobbs supplemented his iireliminary education by a course of study in Beetive College, a private institution of Dublin, Ireland, which he left at the age of sixteen years. At that time he crossed the Atlantic to America and took up his abode at Fort Garry, near Winnipeg, being connected with various surveying parties for three years. In 1875 he joined the North West police under Colonel George French and was identified therewith until 1881, when he returned to his native land and there spent the following two years. In 1883 he again joined the police force here and remained therewith until 1886, serving under Colonel Irvin throughout the period of the Rebellion, and receiv- ing a bounty and two free land gi-ants of one hundred and sixty acres. He joined the force as a private but a short time later was promoted to the rank of sergeant. In 1886 he took up his homestead grants in Shoal Lake, began farm- THE STORY OF MANITOBA 611 intr and carried on general agricultural pursuits for a niunber of yeais or until 3897, hut owing to many reverses, found the undertaking unprofitalile. Sub- sequently he spent one year as a bookkeeper in the emijloy of U. ^McDonald & Company, cattle shippers and railroad contractors. For the past fourteen years he has served as secretary and treasurer of the Shoal Lake municipality and as clerk of the court, having received this appointment on the death of his predecessor. In this connection he has made an excellent record, discharging the duties devolving upon him in an efficient and commendable manner. He is a representative of several fire and life insurance companies and also handles real estate, having met with success in these departments of activity. On the 19th of December. 1888. at Shoal Jjake, Mr. Dobbs was .ioined in wedlock to ^liss IMary A. IMc^Millan. a daughter of Archibald ilclMillan, one of the early settlers of Manitoba, and a sister of the Mc]\Iillan Brothers, railroad contractor of "Winnipeg. To Mr. and Mrs. Dobbs have been born four chil- dren, three of whom are deeea.sed, as follows: Kathleen, who died at the age of sixteen years and lies biiried at Shoal Lake ; Nora, who passed away when thirteen years of age ; and one who died in infancy. The surviving son. Fran- cis A., is now four years old. The family home was erected by ^Ir. Dobbs. The cause of education has ever found in ^Mr. Dobbs a stanch friend and champion, and he is now serving as secretary and treasurer of the Shoal Lake school board and also acts as financial agent. Fraternally he is identified with the Masons, being a charter member and past master of the blue lodge at Shoal Lake and also a member of the chapter. His religious faith is that of the English church, to which he belongs. He is likewise actively identified with the work of the Shoal Lake Agricultural Society, having served a.s its scci'ctary and treasurer since 1898. He has lieen a resident cf ^Manitoba for over four decades and was living in "Winnipeg at the time of its incorporation. His well spent life, characterized by all that is honoralile in business and straightforward in his relations with his fellowmen. has lironglit him the uni- form respect of all with whom he has come in contact. JOHN DOLMAGE. John Dolmage of the firm of Dolmage & Lee, general merchants of Souris. dates his residence in this city from 1881 and has been identified with his pres- ent business since that time. He is well known in this conjiection for his enterprise has expanded rapidly and its progress has contributed to commer- cial activity aiul its resulting growth. He was born in the county of Ilaltnn, Febi-uary 20. 18.'').1. and is a son of John ami Sarah (Ilarkins) Dolmage. both of whom have pas.sed awM\- and arc buried in the cemetery near Streetsville, Peel county. Ontario. ]\[r. Dolmage received his education in the district schools of Halton county and laid aside his books when he was eighteen years of age in order to accept a position as clerk in the employ of Donald iMcLean. He worked in this capacity for a shoi-t time and did such efficient woi'k that he was offered a partnei-ship with his emi)l()yer and continued in tliis as.sociation until 1881. when he came to ^Manitoba and settled in Soui'is. where he established himself in the general mercliaiidise business ami has since .so continued, tlie last three years in ])art- nershij) with 'Mr. Lee. He was the first merchant of Souris and its fii-st post- master, having held that office for a period of twenty-six years. By constantly adhering to a progressive policy of expansion and by advocating straiglitfor- ward and honorable methods lie has made his enterprise grow into a model, liresent-day Inisiness institution and has gained for himself an important place in business circles. On Seiitember 10. 188.1, Mr. Dolmage married Miss Mary .\. Ilrthirington, a daughter of "Mv. and ^Irs. John Ifrlherinu'lon. tiie former a well known 612 THE STORY OF MANITOBA fanner in Ontario. Botli have passed away. Mr. ami 'Mrs. Dolinanre have eight children : H. II., who is a law student ; Victor, who is a <;raduate of Wesley College; Eliza B.. who is a sehool teacher in Souris; John, who is also engaged as a sehool teacher in Ciiaplain, Saskatchewan; Allx-rta E. and ^Villard, both of whom are attending the Collegiate Institute, and Ewart and Grace B., who are attending school. The family reside in a pleasant and comfortable home and have made many friends in Souris during the tiiirty-two years of their residence. Mr. Dolmage is a menilier of thr .Mrtliiidist rhun-li and imu' o!' the trustees of that organization. Fraternally he belongs to the Independent Order of Foresters and to the Royal Templars. His politics are conservative and he was for a nundier of years a member of the board of aldermen. As mayor of Souris he did much constructive and able work for several years and as secretary and treasurer of the Glenwood Municipality proved himself a very capable official. He has done much to promote i)ul)lic iiolicy in Souris by giving his cooperation to movements tending toward public imi)rovement and substantial progress. HUGH POLSON. A life of independence and well directed activity has brought Hugh Poison to a place where he is numbered among the sidistantial farmers on the East Kildonan road. His birth occurred on the old Poison homestead. May 8, 1859, and he is the seventh child and youngest son of Angus and Ajhi (Henderson) Poison, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work. Hugh Poison was educated in the Kildonan school, dividing his time between his studies and the work of the farm, for as soon as old enough to handle a plow he began aiding his father in such work. All his life he has followed farming and his practical methods have found expression in the good results that attend his labors. He has not only cultivated the cereals best adapted to the soil and climate but has also carried on a dairy business. In his younger days he remained at home in order to care for his parents and since his father's death he has, with his sis- ters, resided on the old homestead. The old home stood until 101:5, when it was replaced by a modern home where I\Ir. Poison and his sisters reside. While never neglecting his business duties Mr. Poison has also recognized his obligations in citizenship and has taken an active interest in the atf.airs of the community, stanchly supporting many pro.jects for the public good. He has always voted the liberal ticket since age conferred upon him the right of franchise. He belongs to the Kildonan Presbyterian church and its teach- ings have found expression in his fair and honorable treatment of his fellow- men in all business transactions and his conduct in every relation of life. The family name has always stood high and the history of the early settlers of what is now Manitoba would be incomplete without that of the Poison family. JOHN MARK KING, D. D. There are many men who leave strong influence upon one phase of life, who play an active part in promoting progress along the line upon which they concentrate their energies, but there are few men whose influence and activities are as wide-reaching as were those of Dr. John ^lark King, principal of ^lani- toba College. He combined with the teaching of theology and philosophy a spirit of geniality and friendship; to executive ability was added an apprecia- tion for the aesthetic interests; and a power of clear, concise teaching was combined with a ready sympathy that resulted in an accurate understanding of all those who came under his guidance. Such was Dr. John Mark King, to Axcrs I'di.Miv THE STORY OF MANITOBA 615 whom not ouly Winnipeg and Manitoba, l)ut the entire Dominion and the world at large owes much, for his influence goes out in constantly widening circles as those whom he taught or who sat under his preaching, teach and preach in turn. Dr. King was born in the village of Yethoiiii, in Roxburghshire, Scotland, May 29, 182'J. It has been said that fortunate is the man who has back of him honorable and distinguished ancestry. Still more fortunate is he whose ancestry has strength of character combined witli high moral principles. From such a race came John Mark King and the example of his forbears undoubtedly had nuich to do with shaping his course in eiirly life. He attended the parish school and later the University of Edinburgh, where he came under the instruction of eminent teachers. Ere his univei'sity course was ended he engaged in tutorial work and afterward went to Germany in charge of two young lads. In due course of time he became a student in the Divinity Hall of the United Presby- terian church, where he was trained by some of the most eminent theologians that the denomination has produced. In Germany he attended classes in the University of Halle and acquired a proiicieney in the German language that enabled him afterward to rank high as a teacher of that tongue, while often he addressed German congregations in their native language. He won his degree of M. A. at Edinburgh in the spring of 1856, wlien he passed a course of special examinations. Later in the year Dr. King came to Canada under the auspices of the colonial committee of the United Presbyterian church. He would not iaunediately accept a pastorate, wishing to travel to some extent and study the country and its needs. After about a year he took charge of the congregations at Columbus and Brooklyn, devoting six years to the active discharge of pastoral duties there, during which period the Presbyterian church of Canada and the United Presby- terian church united, the cause of union ever finding in Dr. King a hearty supi)orter. In 18C3 he went to Toronto as jiastor of the St. James Square church which was then heavily in debt, owing to the financial panic that fol- lowed the erection of a fine church edifice. Dr. King took up the work with resolute spirit and devoted all of his energies to building up the congregation with the result that his labors were blessed with increased membership and greater consecration to the cause. In 1877 the building on Gould street having become too small and expansion on that site being impractical, the original site was sold and another purchased, whereon was erected a handsome stone church open for public worship in 1878. During that period, in 1873, Dr. King married Miss Janet Macpherson Skinner, who for some years previously had conducted a large school for young ladies in Toronto. Of her it has been said: "Gifted by nature with great firmness of purpose, united with the finest sensibility and beauty of disposition, highly educated and refined, all her gi-aces and talents, natural and acquired, were sanctified by earnest and lunuble I'iety. During their married life she was the .support and stay of her husband, assisting him in every good work, beloved not only by him but by all wlio were privileged to know her." Dr. King received his D. 1). degree from Knox College in 1882, when that institution receivetl tlie power to confer degrees in divinity. Jn all of his earlier years as pastor of different churches Dr. King was growing in power and in that zeal and eon.seeration which made his later life so fruitful of results for the upi)uilding of the church and foi- Christian education. He was very painstaking and conscienlious in thi' disduirge of pastoral duties in which con- nection Sir Thomas Taylor wrote of him: "Endowed with a sensitive and sympalhctic nature, no pastor could feel more inter^>st in every member of his congregation, from oldest to youngest. A gentle comforter in times of .sorrow and benavemeiit ; a wise counselor in times of anxiety and ti-oubli-; a sharer in all their joys antl sorrows: to many a sick and troul)led iiearl he lirought strength and con.solation. And his interest in the members of liis congregation did not come to an end when they removed to a distance but followe(l them to their new homes. So, too, after he ceased to I'e nunisler of tiie congregation, 616 THE STORY OF MANITOBA ample proof of his unabated interest in them was given during many of his visits to Toronto. In the autumn of last year he paid a lengthened visit to the eity and it is believed he then visited every family still remaining whieh had been eonneeted with the congregation during his ministry." During his labors in Toronto Dr. King constantly noted the growth of the city and when he believed that in the future a church might be established in a certain locality he would buy a lot there and thus prepare to meet the future nec'Is. Many of Toronto's churches were gi-eatly benefited by this foresight ed action on his part. He was deeply interested in Knox College and gave much of his time and labor for its upbuilding. He was an active member of its board of man- agement and of the senate and was for many years chairman of its board of examiners. It wa& he who proposed the plan of providing scholai-ships for students, while in their university course, who intended to study for the minis- try and, for many years, he was extremely active in finding and endowing such scholarships. In 1883 he was chosen moderator of the general assembly, in which year a memorial was received from the Presbytery of ^Mpnitoba asking the appointment of a professor of theology for that college. When it was decided to grant the request Dr. King was unanimously chosen by the assembly and became the first principal and professor of theology in that institution. He accepted and went at once to the field of his future labor. We a?ain quote from one of his biographers who said: "His fitness for the position was beyond all doubt. Leaving the university an accomplished scholar, his acquirements in that line had not been allowed to deteriorate, even during the years of a busy pastorate. A good ela.ssical and Hebrew scholar, he was thoroughly acquainted with German and had a competent knowledge of French. Althougli the department in which he seems chiefly to have excelled at the university had been mathematics, he was well read in mental science and had thought deeply on the great problems with which it deals. He had all his life been a devout student of Scripture and while holding firmly by the faith which he learned in his youth made himself acquainted with modern theological literature and with the views held and promulgated by critics of the more ;u]vanced school." "When Dr. King came to "Winnipeg and took charge of ^Manitoba College there was an indebtedness of forty thousand dollars upon it. He undertook the task of wiping this out in addition to his work of teaching, both in arts and theology. Wlien the financial obligation of the school had ])een discharged he at once began improving, rebuilding, enlarging and remodeling the college, completing this work in 1892 at a cost of forty-three thou.sand dollars. lie was a liberal giver to the work and. it is said, in addition to this advanced several thousand dollars, taking the risk of collecting the subscrijitions then remaining unpaid, many of which, perhaps, were never collected. ^Jany regarded Dr. King as even more successful as a teacher than as a minister and one writing of him said: "Although he always contended that the pulpit was the minister's throne, his friends thought that, in his own case, the professor's chair was the center from which he touched the lives of others to largest is.sues. He focussed his resources upon his class room. AYith loving interest in each of his students, with a special gift for awakening thought and stimulating inquiry, he moved men to seek something of the mental activity and thoroughness that has so di.stinctively characterized himself." In addi- tion to his work in the theological department Dr. King took upon himself the task of teaching mental science and German and for .six years prior to his death, after the opening of the summer sessions of the school, he taught for eleven months each year until the burdens he was bearing undermined his health and resulted in his death on the 5th of March, 1899. Some years before, in 1886, he had lost his wife and, not long after, a bright and handsome boy, who died after an illness of little more than twenty-four hours. His only other child is a daughter, Helen, who. graduating from Manitoba College with honors in modern languages, became in 1899 the wife of Rev. Charles W. Gordon (Ralph Connor), minister of St. Stephens, Winnipeg, and who in her work THE STORY OF MANITOBA 617 as a minister's wife and in association with various religious and philaiitliropic organizations contiiuie to manifest many of the (jualities of mind and heart that eharaeterized her distiuguislied fatiier. Such is the brief outline of his life liistory. The pieture in detail ean per- haps be most clearly given by those who were intimately associated with him in his life work. The Rev. William Iiigiis spoke of his loyalty to his beliefs, saying that if his opinions had gone contrary to the teachings of the church he would have stepped out therefrom into what he would have con- sidered a l)roader field. He was once heard to say: "'I am not aware that I hold any opinion incompatible with honest adherence to the sulxirdinate stand- ards of the chui'eh to which I belong. If I were but at the same time convinced that what I held was in accordance with the word of God I should still con- tinue to hold it, but I should do .so outside of that church, not in it." With such strong and honest convictions it can be easil.y understood that the pulpit which Dr. King occupied gave forth no uncertain sound. In his hands the house of God could never become a mere debating club room, where all things were discussed, but nothing settled; and still less a spiritual dormitory, where all creeds were equally true and all forms of worship equally safe and equally sensible. He had a "message" definite and clear-cut to deliver and all his thinking, ]ilanniug and acting were in order that that message should reach his heai-ers in the most effective and practical manner possible. Xo one would say that in the ordinary sense of the word Dr. King was eloquent, nay the mere tricks of the orator he, rather than otherwise, despised. But the inten- sity of his convictions and the alfectionateness of his appeals gave power to his every utterance and secured success where a merely readier utterance and more ornate periods would have utterly failed. Some might think that the tones of his voice were rather monotonous and cravers for a certain kind of variety might not always be satisfied. But uiuler Dr. King's ministry "the hungry sheep" did not "look up and were not fed," and his iiearers as a rule had them- selves to blame if they were sent empty away. Those who came in contact with Dr. King in any particular branch of his life work were apt to feel that that particular branch was the sti-ongest. so intense were his efforts, so unfaltering his zeal in any direction. He had the power of remarkable concentration for the moment or for the work in hand. One of the elements of his success in his Bible cla.ss teaching was his personal acquaintance with each one of the members of the class. He possessed in a marked degree the capacity of addressing himself to each one individual while speaking to the class as a whole. He impressed upon those who studied under him llie feeling 1h;it to ac(|uii'e knowledge mei-eiy to enrieh one's self was of little value but liial to ac(|uire knowledge in order to give it out to othei-s. to teach, to make broader the acceptaiu-e of the truth, was a sacred work. The Rev. John Baird in speaking of his woi-k in Manitoba College said: "He loved preaching and lie was successful and beloved as a pastor but it was especially as a teacher tli:it lie shone and his peculiar gifts in this direction were recog- nized antl appi'cciated in his 'i'oronto Hilile class even before there was such a iilace as Winnipeg, luit they only had full scope after he came to the west. The qualifies which made him so successful in imparting instruction and beget- ting interest in study were several. For one thing he was hiinself a laliorious and faithful stiulent. His volumes of notes on iihilos()i)hy and theology were writ- ten and rewritten: his German te.xfs, in which language he perfected him.self only in his later years, were earefull.\' annotated with grammatical and literary memoranda, and. whatever the subject he ]irofessed to teacii, he showed that he had himself nuislered it before lie sought to lead others through its mazes. He had a remarkable faculty for clear and jirecise statement and exposition. He was fond of analysis, fond of distinguishimr things wliich were in danger of tieing confounded witii one anotiicr autl he delighted in selling foi'fh in orderly array the successive stejis by which a conclusion was reached, warding off in parentiiefi<'al chnisis llic ])ositioMs he ould not apjuove and making a 618 THE STORY OF MANITOBA clear broad road to the couelusion he desired to reach. He had a keen eye for the main issue of an argument and as he was little likely himself to mistake a side issue for the main road, so he was quick to detect any failure of another to perceive the chief l)earing of the question at issue. And the student in iiis class in exegesis who disregarded the context or missed Ihc ]ioiut of an argument might have seen from the Doctor's face and tigure, even before his sentence was finished, that it was not acceptable. "That is a truth,' he would say, 'and an impor'tant truth, but it is not the truth contained in this pa.ssage. ' But his skill and painstaking as a teacher, great as these were, only accounted for a part of his influence with the students. His tremendous moral earnestness made an even deeper impression. It was not ditlicult to go to him for advice or encouragement, nor to unfold one's plans and ideals to him. And the friend- ship which he vouchsafed has been a great uplift to many a young man. He had a genius for friendship, as was to be seen in the lifelong and tender ties by which he was bound to many an old friend. And he went on knitting new and close bonds to the very last — men who met him la.st year for the first time vie with friends of twenty or thirty years' standing in tlie poignancy of tlieir grief at his loss." His relation to the members of the faculty was one of coun- sel, inspiration and encouragement. He took upon himself the heavier duties of the school; he led that his associates might follow; he ever made the attempt to spare the members of the faculty rather than himself and when his teachers protested he would answer: "As for me, I must keep working away. I cannot do anything else.'' Yet there were moments in which he relaxed and, when he chose to unbend, he could do so most gracefully. He took delight in witnessing a critical match on the football field and he was an entertaining afterdinner speaker at college functions. One, writing of him, said: "His was, in spite of its many Inirdens and many sorrows, an open and generous nature. He craved sympathy and the friend who was admitted into close fellowship with him saw deep into his life — and it was a life well worth knowing. Strong and clear on the intellectual side, tender and loyal to friends and in turn higlily prized by them, with a singularly high devotion to duty and a deep life hid with Christ in God. it has been a high privilege to know him and to be associated with him." Another phase in his nature which seems somewhat subordinate yet was of untold value to Manitoba College was his executive and business ability. Tak- ing charge of the school when it was in serious financial straits, he i)lanncd to meet the indebtedness and carried out a system which showed, that had he turned his attention to business affairs, he wonld have won notable success in that field. He quietly but surely exerted a strong influence on public life. He did not care to enter actively even in the discussion of politics or civic reform from the platform and yet he kept well informed concerning such and knew the ti-end of the times. He was a close as.sociate and friend of many of Canada's distinguished statesmen and discussed with them in the privacy of home the vital issues of the day. He was a liberal, yet not strongly partisan, and did not hesitate to announce that his opinions had changed when further study threw different light upon the question he was contemplating. He took a firm stand in support of the Bible in the schools when that question was up for discussion in ^Manitoba. He felt strongly upon the question of making the Sab- bath day a real possession for the working class and published literature upon the subject. He took a clearly strong stand in favor of temperance and although he did not hold to the extreme position of some of the temperance reformers his strong hatred of drunkenness and his pity for those suffering from its ravages led him to use his influence to its full extent to prevent the use of intoxicants. He gave freely and generously of his means in support of public charities and for many years presided over the annual meetings of the Winnipeg General Hospital. He was also deeply interested in the Children's Home, the Relief Society and the church charitable fund. On three different occasions he gave courses of lectures to the women of Winnipeg. Ifctures which were especially THE STORY 0I<' MANITOBA 619 prepared to meet the needs of his hearei-s. ITe met death not only with the courage of tlie sohlier who fears not physical suflfering hut with the courage of the Chi-istian who feels that this life is but a prci)araiion for that to come and tiiat he has made the best possibl(> use of his preparatory course. One of his former students wrote of him: "The true influence of the man, was the man himself. What he was, nay, what he still is, to his students transcends immeasurably in what he ever did for them. His honor, his industry, his stately self-control, his loyalty to right, his unspoken sorrows, his plaintive quest of God, secret but unhidden to other and reverent eyes, his (piick and tranquil sympathy, his strong and silent lovingness, all these won him a devotion unmeas- ured even by ourselves till he had gone." In his funeral sermon the Rev. C. \V. Gordon, more widely known to the world as Ral]>h Connor, said, in speak- ing of Dr. King: "There is more than a memoi'y of him left behind. On many a life and character there has been set the impress of some of those noble qual- ities that go to make true manhood and womanhood and so help to make the world better. The best thing God can do for this world after all is to give it good men and the best thing He can do for a man is to give him high ideals and the strength to attain them. Every life has its secret spring and its outward influence. A life is like a river which has its secret springs in the heart of the mighty hills but which slips out into the sunlight and glides down the mountain- side to the lowlands and onward through the plains, ever gi'owing in volume towards the sea. Everywhere it goes it brings blessing. It affords fruitful- ness to pasture lands and harvest fields and here and there a place of shelter and rest, and all the length of its flowing life it dispenses beauty and power and joy. Such you will think with me was the ease with the life that has just closed. For forty years and more it has been a blessing to this country and everywhere we see lives touched by his, in which are springing up noble pur- poses and high ideals. In how many hearts of men and women through this Dominion are growing things of beauty in thought and feeling that have been ealled to life by the touch of this life now ended? Now were we to ask for the secret of his life we should find it in the supreme conviction which dominated him, that he was a servant of God. All the splendid powers of. mind and heart — of heart — how he made men love him — all his acquirements of learning, all his administrative abilities would not together account for the singular, the nuirvcllous influence he wielded over men. All these powers and acquire- ments were consecrated to one purpose, the service of God. One of his last words, spoken to one of his oldest friends, not of those connected with him in the college but one who had been a.ssociated with him in another department of work, was this: 'I have tried to do right.' What a summary of a life. He had the approval of his o\ni conscience and with that a man may face much. One other revealing word he spoke in that ssime farewell. When reference was made to the woi-k he liad done for his church and his country he shook his head and said, 'My only hope is in the merit of the Lord Jesus Christ.' That was the heart of his faith, as it was of his teaching in class room and in pulpit." FRANCIS ROSE. Fi'ancis Rose, who owns a well imprnvcd and highly cultivated farm of three hundi-ed and twenty acres located in township 14. range 17, and makes a specialty of I'aising grain, is one of the oldest settlers in the township, his residence here covering a iicriod of thirty-lhree years. He wa.s born at Wol- ford, (Jrenville county, Ontario, on Decend)er 26, 1853, and is a son of Jolm and Harriett (Coolidgel Rose. The father, who was a farmer, was liorn in 1806 and pa.ssed away in 1888. while the mother's death occurred in 1861. They were both buried in the cemetery at Wolford on the Rideau river in the county of Grenville. Ontario. The family, who are United Empire Loyalists, 6-20 THE STORY OF :\rAXITOBA liave long been residents of Canada, the grandfather having been a lieutenant ill the War of 1812. The boyhood ami early youth of Francis Rose were passed in very much the same waj- as those of other farm lads reared in that section of Ontario at the time. In the ai'iiuirement of an education he attended the district school dur- ing the winter months until lie was twenty years of age. when he terminated his student days, leaving school witii the eiiual of a third-class teacher's cer- tificate. Wiicn not in school for some years previous he had helped with the farm work, and was already familiar with the practical duties of the agricul- turist. From that time until he came to Manitoba in 1879, he gave his undi- vided attention to the work of the home place, assisting his father in various capacities about the fields and barns. Having resolved to engage in farming on his own account in the spring of that year he came to this province, and on the 10th of April took up his residence on his present homestead. His holding wa.s covered with a growth of brush and dwarf timber and many montiis of arduous lalwr had elapsed before it was in condition to be ])laccd under cultiva- tion. He worked diligently and persistently in the achievement of his i)uri)ose, however, and ultimately had the entire tract cleared and here he has since been engaged in the raising of grain. Mr. Rose has pi'ospcrcd in his undertak- ings as he has worked constantly early and late, and although he met with the usual obstacles and disappointments falling to the lot of every pioneer he never lost hope, his failures apparently but serving to renew his zeal. From time to time as his circumstances warranted he increased the value of his place by further improvements, the crude house he first erected being replaced by a comfortable brick veneer residence, while large commodious barns and various other buildings were added as needed. At Fairmount. ilauitoba, on the 20th of ilarch, 188;i, ^Ir. Rose was mar- ried to Miss Martha B. Acheson, a daughter of Samuel and Mary (Mason) Acheson, well known farming people of that vicinity. They are now both deceased, the father being buried in Yirden and the mother in Ontario. Jlrs. Rose pa.ssed awa.v in 1885, leaving an infant .son, S. M. Rose, who is now a practicing physician of Arden. ^Manitoba. After the death of his wife ilr. Rose had his sister Roxa take charse of his household, which she continued to do until her death in January, 1908, His sister ]\lary, who has made her home with him for the past eighteen years, is now his housekeeper, ]\Ir. Rose is a Methodist in religious faith and is one of the active woi-kers in the local church of that denomination, and was representative and has been delegate to the conference. He is also a Royal Templar. His political .support he gives to the liberal party, and he was for a long period identified with the official life of the district. He was poundkeeper for ten years, and was also the first councilor of the municipality of Ivanhoe, while for eighteen years he discharged the duties of constable, which office he subsecpiently resigned. The qualities which chai-acterize him as a business man distinguished his official career, his responsibilities being met with the promptness and general efficiency which won him the confidence and regard of the fellow townsmen and num- bered him among the representative citizens of his community. "WILLIAM PATTERSON SMITH. On the summit of the highest point of land in the Portage la Prairie valley, set in the midst of level beautiful grounds, shaded b.v fine old trees and orna- mented by wide hedges and flowers, stands the Home for Incurables, one of the finest and most perfectly equipped and efficiently managed public charitable institutions in the province of ^Manitoba. At its head directing the innumer- able details connected with its conduct, dominating its policies, and keenly directing its business management is William Patterson Smith, superintendent w 11,1.1 \\i r. -^Mi 111 THE STORY OF MANITOBA 623 of the institutiou and warm frieud of all the inmates. For eleven years he has given his entire time and attention to the aft'airs of the home. He has improved, built up, and supervised changes, working constantly and .steadfastly for the interests of the public which employs him and for the welfare and greater liapi)iness of the unfortunates under his charge. Mr. Smith is of an old Canadian family. He was born in St. ^larys, County Perth, Ontario, June 10. iMoO. and is a son of William P. and Elizabeth CMeHride) Smith, the former born in Xottinghani, Enjilaiid. and the latter in Niagara, Canada. The family was founded in Canada by the great-grandfallier of our subject, who with his family of nine sous crossed the Atlantic from England in 1827 and settled in Ontario, his original homestead claim now adjoiuing the town site of Bramp- ton. He innnediately began the development and cultivation of the soil and continued active in farming until his death. His son. David Smith, the grand- father of the subject of this review, after reaeliing nuinliood located farther east near Toi-onto where he engaged in agricultural pursuits until the outbreak of the Crimean war when he took advantage of rising land values in Canada and sold his farm of two hundred acres to John ( 'raig foi- thirty thousaiul dollars, the highest price ever paid for fai'ui laud up to that time. His prop- erty was, however, one of the most valuable in the section, as it had been im- proved and developed by an expert farmer. A fine orchard occupied om? corner and the fields produced abundant harvests of grains and cereals. Every- thing about the place was in {)erfect condition, the land fenced, drained, and improved — one of tlie model farms of the district at that time. After dispos- ing of this property David Smith moved to Blanchard where he invested extensively in real estate. After some years, however, he again took up farm- ing, purchasing land near the homestead in Brampton upon which he spent the remainder of his life and accunuUated a comfortable fortune. After his death his sons scattered to various parts of Ontario, some going to the lower province where they engaged in the lumber business. Others pushed south to the United States. John started the first general store at Muddy York, bringing his goods up the St. Lawrence river and Great Lakes in batteaux. He gi-adually became I'ich and prosperous. William P. Smith, the father of the suliject of this review, moved to Blanch- ard. Perth county, where he became a pioneer in the agi'icultural development and later was closely identified with commercial interests. For some time he conducted a general merchandise, auctioneering and furniture establishment and also contracted on the original Grand Trunk Railroad from St. I\larys to Sarnia. He continued in this occupation until the city of Guelph was ineor- I)orated in the middle '70s and took charge of the public works there, continu- ing until 18.S1 when he joined his son in Jlanitoba. All during his life he took an active jiart in public affairs and in St. .Marys served on the council and as ma\or of the city. He died in 1894, at the age of seventy-one and his death caused widesjiread regi'ct which was a genuine tribute of sorrow at the close of a worthy life. In the family of ]\rr. and Mi-s. William P. Smith were six children, oidy two of whom are living: William P.; and Peleg H., a retired farmer residing at Treherne, JIanitoba. William Patterson Smith of this review, tlie thii-d in the oi-der of birth, received his education in the pulilic schools aiul remained with bis family until he was fifteen yt'ars of age. Sinee that time he has been dependent ti|)on his own resources. He worked first in the Fnited States, operating a sawmill and then returned to Canada, settling in Gueli)h. Ontario, where he ojierated a niachiuery and lumber business until 1874. in that year he came to Manitoba, making the journey by the Great Lakes and liy the Dawson route, arriving in Winnipeg July i;{. 1874, six weeks after the comnu'ucenient of his trip and just previous to the still remembered invasion of the country by swarms of gra.ss- hoppers. In Wiiniipeg he remained for one year and a Iwdf. working as an engineer, being the first man to engage in that ]irofession in the city. In eonse- voi. n— IS 624 THE STORY OF MANITOBA quence of this fact his duties at tliis time were arduous and liis tasks heavy. He was appointed engineer of the fire department and jnit lofri'ther the Silsl)y engine. No. 1. tlie tirst steam fire engine in Winnipeg. During the long hard winter fires were more than ordinarily minierous, tlie temiierature being from forty to forty-five degrees below zero, and the old Red river hall like most of the other buildings being made of logs. Mr. Smith did useful work during the season and hearing of the splendid farm land that lay to the westward and realizing tlie oiijiortunities the new country alTorded he left the city and in the sjiring he eanie to Portage la Prairie where he had .some friends. He took up land in the ]\Icl)onald district of the Portage plains, arriving in that section in the early days of its development and in time to secure a choice loi-ition. Upon this he carried on general farming for a sliort time and then traded his property for a farm near the city which he developed and iniju'oved. in con- nection with a steam sawmill business, in 1S81 he added to his activities by establishing a brick manufacturing enterprise which he developed into the first up-to-date brickyard west of Winnipeg. The extent of his operations along tliis line may be judged by the fact that when he sold out in 1889, the mill had a cajiacity of forty thousand bricks a day. The jnirchaser ol' tiie business was John R. McDonald, who later sold his interest.s to Harry Stephens. For a long time ]\Ir. Smith has been active in local public atfairs and his services along this lin(> led to his appointment in 1901 as supei-intendent of the Home for Incurables, which position he has since held and in the manage- ment of its duties has his greatest claim to honor and distinction. It is one of the finest public institutions of its kind in North America and may well serve as a model for other enterprises which have for their object the amelioration of unfortunate conditions. The main building with its annexes is two hundred and thirty feet long by one hundred feet wide and is perfectly ei|uipi)ed in every particular. Elevators run constantly between tiie different flooi's. electric light and power for the operation of a sanitary laundry are sup]>li('d by a plant upon the premises, and the heat is also locally generated. The home for the aged, a new department, has just been finished and is a fine example of modern institutional architecture, splendidly appointed and abso- lutely fire proof. A new ten thousand dollar stable is just reaching comple- tion upon the property. The grounds surrounding the home are worthy of spef-ial mention. Everything which tends to beautify, to make artistic, to delight the eye, has been given detailed attention, wide neat hedges of Sib(>rian pea surround level lawns, exqiiisitely kept and ornamented witii slnnibliery and flowers. Fine trees shade the walks and everything is arranged artistically. Beyond there is a two hundred and eighty aci-e farm equipped with the neces- sary buildings and modern machinery and upon this property are raised all the vegetables for use in the institution while a model dairy supplies all the necessary butter. The whole overlooks the beautiful Portage valley, being situated on the highest point in the district. Mr. Smith has been twice married. In Febniary, 1875, he wedded Miss Angelina Elliott, of St. ]\Iarys, Ontario, a daughter of Andrew Elliott, a pio- neer in the development of that district. To this union were born seven chil- dren : Lilla, who married R. B. Turner, of Brandon; Horace E., who engaged in farming near Edrens, Manitoba: William Andrew, of Vancouver: Frederick J., who is identified with the brickyard at Albion, twenty-five miles east of Vancouver on the Frazer river, the in.stitution of which j\Ir. Smith, of this review, is founder and president ; Edith, who married Mr. Caughlin, of Tisdale, Saskatchewan: Mabel, who became the wife of W. J. Moffatt, an alderman at Moose Jaw: and Ina, who is now Mrs. Munn, of Vancouver, British Columbia. William P. Smith's first wife passed away in June. 1886. Two years after- ward he nuirried I\Iiss IMary Holmes, of Paisley. Huron county, Ontario, the daughter of John Holmes, of old pioneer fame. Mrs. Smith's grandfather came to Canada at an early date and took an active part in the "War of 1812. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 625 'Mr. and ]\Irs. Smitli became the parents of five children -. Ada, now ^Irs. J. Patterson, of California ; John, of Vancouver, British Columbia ; Hattie, de- ceased ; and Winnie and Olive, who live at home. William Pattei-son Smith has for a lon^: time been an active figure in local conservative politics, and has always been a faithful and reliable worker for his party. He received the nomination for the provincial legislature, liis opponent being Hon. Joseph ilartin, now a wealthy and distinguished member of the British house of commons, but he was at this time defeated by a majority of fourteen. Some years later Mr. Smith was again nominated ajid had the same opponent, Mr. Martin being at that time attorney general and a powerful force in local affairs. The subject of this review made a valiant fight but lost by a majority of eight, his opponent having the support of the government by virtue of his position, ilr. Smith was one of the organizers of the Portage Industrial Society, formerly the Portage ^Vgricultural Society, and for several years served as president of the society. During this time he also served one term as member of the Winnipeg Agricultural and Industrial Society. Mr. Smith has always been sought after for filling the programme for various entertainments, concerts and banquets, both far and near, being the possessor of a pleasing baritone voice. He is still fond of music, and is a member of the citizens' eonuiiittee for the management of the Portage band. In fraternal circles, too. -Mr. Smith is well known and prominent. He is a Mason, a charter member of the old Assiniboiue Lodge, No. 7. having fii-st joined this organization at Guelph. Keligiously is a member of the ^lethodist church. The jirincipal interests of his life, however, are now centered in the management of the Home for Incurables. That institution, adequate, modern and perfectly eijuipped, owes much of its excellent condition to the care and service of Mr. Smith, who has worked unwearyingly in its direction and de- velopment. He has won a reward beyond money, in the consciousness of the aid which he has given to the suffering and defeated, in the love and esteem in which those under his charge hold him, in the knowledge of worthy work well done. EDW^ARD CASS. Edward Cass, prominent in business, politic;d and social circles of Winni- peg, and one of the individual forces in the business progress of the city, is a si)lendid e.\ample of the best t.vpe of business man of modern times. He is active, energetic, forceful, and progressive, and has made a rapid advance- ment to prosperity and success. As president of the Winnipeg Paint & Glass Company he occupies a position suited to his caiiabilities, one calling for the control and management of large afi'airs. for quick recognition of pa.ssing opport\inities and for the business in.stiiict wliich commands advantages, and his career is an exemplification of llie fact that advancement comes as ability develops. He is a native of Irelaml, born at Clamanty Mills, Sej)tember 18, 1849, a son of Robert and Catherine (Langton) Cass, who came to Canada in 1853 and settled in Ottawa, where the father was active as a nia.son and con- tractor. Edward Ca.ss was only four years of age when he came to Ottawa and, therefore, his education was received in the public schools of that city. Laying aside his books he learned the mason's trade and in 186."), left Canaila and went to the western I'nited States, spending six years in that section in pioneer times. This early ti-aining in overeominir obstacles and fighting unfavorable conditions gave him an independenei' and resourcefulness wliich are his most prominent characteristics at the present time. Returning to Ottawa in 1872 he established himself in business as a nui.son and contractor and continued in this work until 1878, when he moved to Minneapolis where he remained for 626 THE STORY OF MANITOBA two years. In 18S0 he again returned to Ottawa and two years later came to AVinnipeg where he was aetive in the general eonti-arting Imsiiiess for a nunil)er ol'\ears. In 1!)0;J he l)eeanie identified witli th-' Winnijieg I'aint & (ihiss Com- pany, operating one of tlie largest intlustrial enterprises in the eity and has since served as president of this concern, his connection with it beginning at the time of incorporation. In ten years he has established himself in the front ranks of progressive business men in Winnipeg, his position being based on definite attainments along business lin-'s. He has proven equal to his impor- tant and responsil)Ie duties and has done much in a quiet way to promote the gi'owlh of his company and indirectly the general advancement and progress of the commercial interests of the city. His conspicuously able work and his useful attainments have brought him prominent offices in iai'ge business con- cerns as is evidenced by the fact that he is secretary of the .]. ^IcDiarmid Com- pany, Limited, general contractors of Winnipeg: vice president of the Calgary Paint & Glass Company; vice president of the Edmonton Paint & Glass Com- pany; director of the llartin-Senour Paint Comjiany, of Winnipeg; president of the Notre Dame Investment Company of the same city; president of the Northern Canadian Mortgage Company, also of AVinnipeg; and vice president of the Canada Accident & Guarantee Insurance Company. In 1876 Mr. Cass was united in marriage to IMiss Katherine McPyke, of Hull, Quebec, and they have three children. The family residence is at No. 172 Vaughan street, Winnij^eg. Mr. Cass was a member of the board of aldermen in I'Jll. In the same year he was appointed provincial commissioner and has since served, discharging his duties ably and conscientiously. He belongs to the Roman Catholic church and is a member of the Knights of Colundius. Socially he is prominent in the Carleton Club. Being one of the pioneers in Winnipeg he has been associated and identified with municipal expansion for over twenty years. He has writ- ten some of his reminiscences of his early times, which are deeply interesting as a history of the period and as a character study. He says in part. ' ' I remem- ber when I reached Winnipeg in the spring of 1882, I thought I had struck a real, live bustling western city. I came here from Ottawa where the condi- tions of life were entirely different, and I hailed this breezy western spirit with much enthusiasm. "I remember as I drove up from the station of the old Canadian Pacific Railway depot, the absence of women and children on the streets, and took particular care to pick out all the old men in the crowds, and I was very nuich surprised to find so very few. It was surelj' a 'young man's country,' and I felt that my opportunity for a future was as rosy as anyone else's, and I shall never forget that first night in a most primitive hotel on Main street, opposite where the Royal Alexandra Hotel now stands. I went to bed with my head full of great achievements for the future, in which I was to be the moving spirit, but it is many a night since that May time in 1882, and I have had many a gain and loss down those long years, yet I would not lose one day out of the long period of ever-changing conditions, and I look liaek with the keenest pleas- ure to the da\'s when the future was delightfully uncertain, and the present most precarious as far as financial status was concerned. "I remember when the news came to Winnipeg that the Northern Pacific & Manitoba Railway intended to build a first class hotel in Winnipeg. It was a number of years after the bottom had fallen out of the boom, and all Winni- peg and the province generally, had experienced very hard times. The news of a building planned on such an elaliorate scale, gave us hope for greater things, and that first big building was the beginning of the present-day progress. In some ways it does not seem so very long ago since I arrived here a young man with my fortune to carve in the new west, but as I look back on my vari- ous struggles. I am, each day. more and more convinced that the days of old were the days of health and happiness, free from all false pride and gaudy display of wealth and social position." THE STORY OP MANITOBA 627 However, although ]\Ir. Cass loves to recall the old days aiul delights in pointing out their superiority he is prominent in the increased activities of the new. He has ailvanced with the progress of the country, has seized the opportunities which the expansion aii'orded and by making capable use of his advantages has made his name honored, respected and widely known. WESLEY WRIGHT PIRT, .AI. D. A deep and accurate knowledge of the underlying principles of medicine, a mind capable of individual thought and research along scientific lines, an interest in life and its broader purposes, and special efficiencj' founded upon general culture and education are the qualities which make Dr. Wesley Wright Pirt one of the most alile physicians and surgeons in the district around Car- man, and upon them he has founded a distinct, even brilliant, success. Dr. Pirt is a native of Manitoba, born in Nelsonville, April 19, 1881, and is a son of Martin and Susan (Henderson) Pirt, the former a native of England and the latter, of Ontario. The father of our subject came to Canada when he was a young man and settled first in Ontario, wherf^ he remained only a short time bpfo7'e coming to ^Manitoba. In this province he engaged in farming near Nel- sonville and resided upon the property until liis death, which occurred in 1908. Dr. Wesley W. Pirt is one of a family of thirteen children. His elementary education was received in the public schools of Morden and he was graduated from the Morden high school. Afterward he engaged in teaching for two years and then entered the Manitoba Medical College, graduating with high honors. Dr. Pirt's brother, AYilliam I\lartin Pirt, was at that time practicing medi- cine and specializing in surgery in Carman. He was born in Uxbridge. Ontario, and was educated in Trinity University at Toronto. For one year after com- pleting his medical course he practiced in Barre, Ontario, and settled in the Carman district in 1899. He became rapidly successful, building up a prac- tice of extraordinary proportions because he was recognized as a niavi of excep- tional energy, intelligently directed along scientific lines. He married Miss Diini Shire, of Ontario, and by her had two children, Mar.iorie and Hazel. The comfortable fortune which his professional ability enabled him to accumulate he invested .iudiciously in farm lands, most of which he let out to desirable tenants in order that he miuht have all of his tiuie to devote to surgery. He was in the prime of a very promising career when he met with an accident which cau.sed his ileath, on October 31, 1911. He was driving an automobile through the district at a high speed and the machine turned completely over. Dr. Pirt being found dead beneath it some time afterward. Dr. Pirt of this review was at that time in Griswold, where he was con- ducting a drug store, but upon the death of his brother he came immediately to Carman and a,ssumed the latter's extensive practice. His success was rajiid from the beginning, foi" he is a man who inspires confidence and never disjip- poinfs the expectations which he arouses. He, too. has specializeil in surgery and has performed some very critical and dangerous operations with gratify- ing success. The work is all done at the Carman IIosi)ital which is a model institution of its kind and in its modern and complete equipment would be a credit to a city of ten thousand inhabitants. Upon its statT are many skilled, able and efficient surgeons who have gained reinitations which, based uiion definite accomplishment, have lirought to Carman many patients from differ- ent ]iarts of the province. Dr. Pirt is one of tli(> best known among them and has done some unusually successful work in surgery. He has recently erected a fine brick office building which he has made modern and conqilete in every detail. Every appliance which in recent years has been iierfected for the treat- ment of disease is in his rooms, including a Shiedal-We
  • rn X-ray outfit with 628 THE STORY OF MANITOBA high and low frequency currents, a floriscope, ami all of the newest electrical cquipnu'ut. Ill JuiU'. 1!)1(), Dr. I'irt iiiarried Miss Jean liogers, of Antrim, irilaiid, and both are well known and ])opiilar in social circles of tlu- district. Tiic Doctor is a deep and earnest stiulent of the undcilyiiifr pi-inciplcs of his ])rofessioii and keeps in ckxsc touch with the most advanced tlioujiiit of the times hoth hy his individual research work ajul through his mcmlicrsiiip in tlie ^lanitoha College of Physicians & Surgeons. He is medical healtii ofticer for the Duifei-in munic- ipality and is acting as provincial coroner, having thus the opportunity to make his ability more broadly effective. He belongs to the Independent Order of Foresters but beyond this has no fraternal afliliatioiis. His success is remark- able in so young a man, for it places him in the front ranks of physicians and surgeons in this part of Manitoba. It is the direct outcome of his deej) sense of the obligation to humanity which his profission entails upon him and of his earnest desire to do everything in his power to make ids work valuable, useful and lasting. ROBERT GUNN. Robert Gunn is a retired fanner living at No. 165 Johnson avenue in Elm- wood. The history of Manitoba shows long and close connection of the Gunn family with this province, for John Gunn, who was a native of Sutherlandshire, Scotland, came to the Red River country in 1823 and settled on lot 62, in East Kildonan, where he purchased a tract of land eight chains wide. It was entirely undeveloped, not a furrow having been turned nor an improvement made upon the place. "With characteristic euergy he took up the arduous task of breaking the sod and preparing the fields for cultivation and ujjou his farm he built a home and made other substantial imjn-ovements. There he lived throughout his remaining days, his death occurring in 1866. He was an active member of the Kildonan Presbyterian church, doing all in his power to promote its growth and extend its influence. He married Ann Sutherland, a daughter of William Sutherland, who came to this country from Sutherlandshire, Scot- land, as one of the Lord Selkirk settlers in 1815 and took up his abode in Kildonan, purchasing a tract of land which he devoted to general farming. The marriage of John Gunn and Ann Sutherland was celebrated in their native country, after which they sailed for the new world, becoming prosi)erous farm- ing people of the R-ed River valley. Four of their children are still living: Alexander, now a resident of Springfield ; Donald, who also lives in ^Manitoba ; Mrs. Ann Mcintosh, of Springfield : and Robert. The last named was born in East Kildonan on September 29, 1842, and at the usual age began his education in the public schools near his father's home. Wliile masteriug the branches of learning that constituted the curriculum through the winter months he was giving the summer seasons to the work of the fields and he has always followed general farming as a life W(U'k. Event- ually he came into possession of the old homestead which he cultivated uutil 1870, when he secured a homestead claim at Springfield. Again he resolutely took up the M-ork of transforming this into rich and productive fields and remained active in their cultivation until 1907, when he sold the Springfield farm and retired from business life, removing to Elmwood. Here he is enjoy- ing a well earned rest, his former toil having provided him with an income that now enables him to enjoy all of the comforts and many of the luxuries of life. He built the home, where he lives, in 1907, and it is one of the best homes in Elmwood. In 1867 Mr. Gunn was united in marriage to Miss Barbara McKay, a repre- sentative of one of the old Selkirk families who died in 1900. They became the parents of ten children, of whom nine are living: Ann, John William, K()i>.i:i;r laxx THE STORY OP MANITOBA 631 Isabelle M., Ebenezer Sutherland, Jeremiah Donald, Margaret Beatrice, Henri- etta G., Selkirk Douglas, and Alexander James. While living in Springtield Jlr. Gunu was not only active in farming pursuits but also in aftaii-s of public moment, and has always been a conserva- tive in polities. He served as a member of the common council and was a trustee of tlie Springfield schools for eighteen years, his labors being potent forces in promoting the interests of education. He was also secretary and treasurer of the school board but resigned on his removal to the city. A Mason, he is faithful to the teaehings of the craft and he is equally loyal to his professions as a member of the Presbyterian faith. For many years he attended the Kiklonan church, of which he was manager for years, but since residing in Elinwood, he attends Elmwood Presbyterian church, of which he was manager until -January 1, 1913. lie is honorary jjiesident of tlic Elmwood Curling Club. His residence in this district covers the P.salmisfs allotted span of three score years and ten l)ut he is still an active man who in spirit and interest seems yet in his prime, and he keeps in touch with the world's work along the various lines of advancement aud improvement which atfect his native district and province. There is no citizen of his locality that is more respected, and more highly regarded than Jlr. Guun. RICHARD T. IIUGGARD. No history of the early development and later i;pl)uilding of Winnipeg or the province of Manitot)a would be complete without the record of the career of Richard T. Iluggard. the oldest practicing Ijarri.sler in the city and one of the oldest residents. In every comnnuiity there are men whose conspicuous al)ility, the useful nature of their work and its extended influence or the stand- ards and policies to which they adhere place them among the representative and foremost citizens. ^Ir. Huggard is of this class — a man of wide and liberal interests, progressive tendencies and definite, useful accomplishment, and in the forty years he has lived in Winnipeg he has been connected with all phases of business expansion and his ability has never been perverted or his influence unworthily used. Mr. Huggartl is a native of Ireland, born in Tralee. County Kerry, June 6. 1834, a son of William and Susan (Thompson) Iluggard. His parents li't'l tlieir native county in 1815 and ci-ossed tlie Atlantic to Caiuida, settling in Toronto, Ontario. The father was a retired ai'iiiy officer and he spent the remainder of ids life in Toronto. Richard T. Iluggard completed a prinuiry education begun in Ireland in the public schools of Toronto and later studied in Knox Academy with the intention of afti'rward entering the mercantile business. However, lie aban- doned that ambition in favor of the study of law and when he had conqtleted iiis iirelinuiuiry course returned to Toronto, Ontario, whei-e he passed his enti'ance examination to the law society. Later he established himself iu Strat- ford, Perth county, Ontario, and was there api)ointed mastei- and deituty reg- islrai- in chaneei'y and held this office for three years. When he left Stratford he went to Listowel, in the same county, and there engaged in the general practice of law for eight years, building u]) i^ that tinu' an extensive patron- age. In July, 1872, Mr. Iluggard left Ontario and came to Manitoba, locat- ing in Winnipeg, where he engaged in practice with D. M. Walker, who was formerly a .judge. Other partncrsliips were eventually entered into, the last one being with Frank E. Cornish, the first mayor of Wiiini])eg. (iradiially from prominence in law Mr. Ilugiiard became also well known in the ]uiblic life of the city. He was a resident at the time of the iiieoriioration of Winiii- jieg and was appointed solicitor and drew up t'le lirst by-laws. In 1876. when the hard times which were influencing business all over the I^ominion reached WinniiKg, many of the most prominent residents left the city, but Mr. Hug- 632 THE STORY OF MANITOBA garil aud his family reinained. Few people toilay know what caused the faiiiiiie of that year, but it was the result of continued invasions of locusts, which exti'uded over a period of four years. The yeai- 1876 was not the last in whicli Manitoba was troubled by these insects, but grradually their numbers dimiu- islieil and the crops bepan to increase in ahiiiidance and quality, and pros- perity was again restored. In 1877 ^Ir. Ilugtjard was appointed Dominion inspector of weights and mea.sures for the district lying from a point east of Port Arthur to lianff. the eastern boundary of Hi'itish Colundiia, witii a num- ber of assistants stationed at certain jioints in tiiis territory. Jlr. Iluggard held this office for twenty years aud during this time introduced many needed reforms, among which may be mentioned the establishment of the Imperial measure, which has since been the standard in Canada. He only abandoned the duties of this office when he was obliged to retire on account of the age limit in Canada. From 18S7 to 18!)6 he added to his activities work as gas inspector for the city of Winnipeg and has always taken a special interest in affairs of this nature. In 1896 ^Ir. Huggard resumed the general practice of law in "Winnipeg and since that time has devoted most of his energies to his profession. His son, John T. Iluggard, has been associated with him for the past ten years and is one of the best known barristei-s in Winnipeg. The firm of Huggard & Hag- gard have offices in the Ryan block at King and Bannatyne streets. In Listowel, Ontario, in April, 1866, Richard T. Huggard married Miss Esther Mulvey, a sister of the late Major Mulvey. who was at one time the representative of the constituency of IMorris. Mrs. Huggard died in lf)Oi), at the age of seventy-four, leaving one son, John T.. who is associated with his father in business. Richard T. Huggard gives his allegiance to tlic con.servative party but, owing to his long identification with the government service, has not been active in political affairs. His public spirit takes many different forms, among the most important of w'hich may be mentioned his work as a niember of the board of school trustees, to which he has lielonged for a nundier of years, doing able and conscientious work in the promotion of public-school facilities in Win- nipeg. He still retains his connection with the law firm of Iluggard & Hug- gard, although he has practically retired. In his eigiitieth year he is still active and progressive in interests and as loyal now to his city and pi-ovince as he was forty years ago, when he first embarked upon the career which has brought him such prominence and esteem. He has had a conspicuously successful life, but the most envious could not grudge him his prosperity — so honorably has it been attained, so well used. JOHN SIMPSON. Through successive stages of business progress and advancement John Simp- son has worked his way upward from a position of a joni'iieynian carriage maker to that of proprietor of a large carriage factory in Shoal Lake. He is, moreover, a pioneer in this section of ]\Ianitoba, having come here in 1879, since which time his labors have constituted a force in local development and progress and have made him one of the representative )nen of the town. He was born in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, on the 11th of July, 1844, and is a son of Robert and Anne (Dunn) Simpson, both of whom have passed away, the father's death having occurred in 1908 and the mother's in the following year. Both are buried in Ontario. The public schools of Elora, Ontario, afforded John Simpson his educational advantages. He completed the usual course in the public schools and was after- wai-d gratluated fi-om the high school, laying aside his books at the age of eighteen, after which he served his apprenticeship to the carriage maker's THE STORY OF MANITOBA 633 trade. For three years he studied his chosen occupation and then liegan his indcix'iident career as a journeyman cari'iage maker, workini;' in this capacity in Ontario for a nund)er of years. In 187i) he came to ]\Iani1ol)a antl here took up a homestead claim of raw prairie hind, which he cleared and developed, making it into a modern farm. This jiroperty he has since rented to a tenant. When John Simpson came into the province pioneer conditions prevailed in this section and in Winnipeg, since tiiere was no railroad at that city. He was ol)lii;ed to cross the Red river from St. Boniface to Winnipeg in a boat and in the latter city purchased a wagon and yoke of oxen, in which he loaded twenty-two hundred pounds of pi'ovisi(Uis and ti'aveled with them to Shoal Lake. s]iending four weeks upon the journey. For some time he worked at his trade, gradually advancing in it and linally becoming able to establish him- self in business. He is now the owner of a fine carriage factory in Shoal Lake and is successful as a business man, possessing that detenuination and sound judgment that enable him to carry forward to successful completion whatever lie undertakes. In Peel county, Ontario. Mr. Simpson married Miss Catherine Keith, a daughter of William and Catherine Keith, the former of whom died in 1897 and is liuried at Shoal Lake. ^li's. Keith makes her home with the subject of this review. Mr. and ili-s. Simpson are the parents of four children: Edwin, a farmer of Shoal Lake ; Keith, who is carrying on agricultural pursuits in the .same section; Elizabeth, the wife of William Martin, also a farmer near Shoal Lake; and Margaret, who lives at home. Mr. Simpson is a devout adherent of the Presbyterian church and fra- ternally is connected with the Royal Order of Orange. He is a stanch conserva- tive in his political beliefs and for fifteen years served as councilor of the Shoal Lake nnmicipality and was for three years reeve, displaying in the dischai'ge of his official duties a high sense of the responsilnlity which devolved upon him as a public servant and supporting in an able and conscientious way all ])rogressive measures. He has spent the best and most forceful .yeai-s of his life in this section and his honorable association with its business life, his support of movements for the general welfare and his upright and honorable character have gained him a high position in the regard of those with whom he has come in contact. DAVID F. CREIGHTON. The Adams Shoe Comjiauy is operating the oldest retail aiul jobbing shoe house in Brandon and David F. Creighton, its manager and director, is an able business man of trained instincts and varied and valuable e-\perience. He has been an impoi'tant facloi- in the growth of the enter|)i'ise since lie lias to a large extent directed its ]iolicies and controlled its affairs, and by his able work in this relation has established himself among the men who are promot- ing local progress. He was born at Beachville. Ontario. December 17, 1865, a son of Alexander and ^largaret (^yicKay'i Creighton. The fatlier was a pioneer farmer of Peterboro, Ontario, and also did a large contracting busi- ness. He was lilieral in liis ]H)litics and essentially public-s]iiri1(>d and liecame well known in local affairs. He died in 18!).') and was followed by his wife three yeai-s later. Both are buried at Ingei'soll, Ontario. The family is of Scotch origin, the grantlfather of our subject, David Creighton, having been a colonel in the regular army in his native country and in cliarge of a company during the Fenian raid. He it was who founded the family in Camilla, having established a home in Ontario about the year 1820. David F. Creighton attended the jiublie schools in iieaehville and received a high-school course in Ingersoll. ,\t the age i>l" sixteen he laid a.side his books and entered into the general mercantile business, engaging in this line of 634 THE STORY OF MANITOBA oi'cuiiafion for seven years. At the end of that time he secured a governiiient position in the London Asylum and discharged the duties of this office ably and efficiently for two antl one-half years before going to Toronto, where he became ideiititietl with T. Eaton as traveling salesman. This position he held for four years and was then appointed assistant mana;_a>r. The experience whi<-li he iraiiH'il during this period of iiis life has been invaluable to him in bis present .activities. It taught him modei'n methods and commercial conditions and gave liim a. comprelieiisive knowledge of prescnt-ilay business lite. lie held his position as assi.stanl cashier for five years and then came to Brandon, where he has since resided. In association with four other men he formed a joint company for the opei'atiou of a retail and .iobbing shoe business and was ajipointed manager and director of the firm. He entered upon his duties in 19U3 and has given his time and attention to their able discharge since that time. Being a firm believer in the future of the Canadian northwest, he has invested extensively in real estate in Winnipeg and Brandon and his holdings are becoming more valual)le and extensive year by year. He has a place on the Brandon Board of Trade and is one of the leading anrunswick, who went to Ontario with her parents, Richard and Jane (Johnson) Day, when she was eight years of age. Siie was one of a family of nine children, of whom five are yet living, and by her marriage she has become the mother of five children: Mi-s. Jane McCormick, who is living in Swift Current; ]\rrs. Joanne Wilson, of Elmwood; Mm. Ella Sanderson, of Elmwood; Richard, who follows farming in Saskatche- wan; and May, who is living with her mother. Six years ago Mrs. Guuu sold the old homestead farm anil removed to Elmwood, where she now resides on Johnston avenue. Mr. Gunn was a man of domestic tastes, devoted to his family and their welfare and finding his greatest happiness when in the company of his wife and childi'en. While he never souglit oftice, he was not neglect I'ul of the duties of citizenshi|) and exei'cised his i-ight of franchise in suitport of the liberal parly. His religious faith was that of the Presbyterian church and in his life he exemplified his belief by his fair ami honorable treatment of his fellowmen in all business transactions and by his geniality and kindliness in private life. ARTHUH ROBINSON. Agricultural pursuits have always engaged the energies of Arthur Robinson, who owns three hundred and twenty acres of fertile land on seetioiLS -34 and 2, townships 14 and 15, range 17, where he is specializing in the raising of grain, with a good measure of success. Ilis birth occurred in Renfrew county, Ontario, on the ;51st of December, 18G9, his parents being John and ilargaret (Haw- thorne) Robinson. The father, who is also a native of Ontario, was for many yeai"s successfully engaged in farming, but is now living retired in Gobdeii, that province. The family, who are United Empire Loyalists, have been resi- dents of Canada for over a hundred years, but are of Irish lineage. The early years in the life of Arthur Robinson did not differ particularly from those of other lads who were reared in the rural sections of Ontario at that jieriod. He was a student of the |)ul)lic schools of Heechliurg, Ontario, until he was a youth of fifteen years, when he laid aside his text-books and began fitting him.self for the heavier ri'sjxinsibilities of life. In common with other farmer lads he early began a.ssisting his father with the work of the farm, and after leaving school his undivideil atli'ulion was given to the cultivation of the home place. He remained with his parents u'ltil he was twent.y-four, when he bought some land and began farming on his own account, continuing to be identified with the agricultural interests of Renfrew county until 1808, at which time he (lisi)osed of his interests there and came to Manitoba. When he first came here he purchased his present holding in the vicinity of Mimie- dosa. and. hei'e he has ever since niacle his home. When he took p()s.session of the land it was in practically a wild state, but during the intervening yeare he has wi-ough1 extensive improvements in the ])lac( and it is now one of the valuable pro])erties of the community. By means of careful tilling and juilicious fertilization he has brought the fields to a high state of productivity and annu- ally reaps therefrom abundant harvests. As he has prospered he has still further inci'cased the value of his ])lace by tlie erection of a comfortable resi- dence, substantial barns and outbuildings, in addition to whii'h he has intro- duced about the lu'emises nuiny modern conveniences. In Ontario on the ISIh of October, 1SSS, Mr. Robinson was married to Miss Blaggie Wilson, a daughter of ;\Ir. and Mrs. William Wilson. The father, who was one of Ibe pioneer farmers of Renfrew count}-, passed away in 1!I(12. and 640 THE STORY OF MANITOBA was buried at Beeehlmrg. To Mr. and ilrs. Roljinson have been born ti'ii cliil- (hvn, all of whom aro at lionie. In oriler of birth tlu'V are as follows: ^Maggie E.. William K.. .loliii II., Annie C. Arthur E,. Robert W., George ('., Perey, Clifford and Hugh Edward, an infant. In matters of religious faith the faindy are .Methodists, tlic paicnts hcing consistent members of that church, wiiile his politieal su])port Mr. Hobin.son accords to the conservative party. The success which has attemied his labors he attributes entirely to his earnest and persistent elTort united with well organized and systematic methods. He has worked tirelessly from early boy- hootl, lieeii thrifty and temperate in his habits, and is in every way entitled to the in-osperity he now enjoys, undoubtedly finding his greatest satisfaclidu in the thought that it is the result of his individual effort. WILLIAM JOSEPH MULLOWNEY. The career of AVilliam Joseph INIullowney offers splendid examples of the value of honesty, ambition and industry in the shaping of a successful life, for it is the i-ecord of a man who rose to prominence and distinction in business circles of Carman by the compelling force of his individualily. He has his place today among the men who estaliiisb business methods and infliicnce busi- ness standards, for he controls a half interest in one of the lai'gest real-estate firms in Carman, but he was once dependent upon his own resources, which at that time consisted only of liis ambition iuid readiness to work. Mr. Mullowney was born in Cheshire, England, in March, 1870, and came of an excellent family of that section. His father was captain of a sailing vessel and lost his life at sea when the subject of this review was still a child. The latter remained in England until he was twelve years of age and then, in company with his sister Jessie, who is now jMrs. Townsend, of Waterloo, Quebec, crossed the Atlantic and settled near Sherbrooke, in that i)rovince, wliere he was ap]irenticed to James Carroll, of Johnville, to learn farming. With him he remained for two years and then went to Rockwyn, near Huntingdon, where he worked for a similar period. At length he journeyed to Pontiac county and there was employed in the lumber woods under John Horner. He remained in this occu- pation until he was nineteen years of age and then came to Manitoba, settling in this province in 1889. He secured a position one mile .south of Carman, in the employ of J. W. Dunn, a IManitoba pioneer, now deeea.sed, and for one summer he retained this connection. At the end of that time he was employed by James Morrison and divided his time between his duties as a farm laborer and those of a wood cutter, following the first occupation in the summers and the latter during the winter months for seven years. By strict economy and frugality he saved a little money and with it bought land in the Culross district, near Carman, upon which he took up his residence. For two years he engaged in general farming and then, receiving an offer for his farm, he sold out at a profit and established himself in the real-estate business, buying and selling farm lands. Later he abandoned his independent work along this line and accepted employment with a real-estate firm, doing all the outside work for two years. At the end of that time he opened up a business of his own, with E. G. Edwards as a partner. His health failing eventually, he retired for some time but later became associated with Frank Stanley McCoy in the real-estate busi- ness, which has since been conducted under the name of McCoy & Mullowney. The company handles undeveloped lands and deals also in improved farms, most of which lie in the Carman district. Mr. Mullowney personally holds title to many acres of land, some of which he is developing and improving. His honesty and enterprise in business, his standards of attainment and his progres- sive spirit have all been forces in the accomplishment of a prosperity which places him in the front ranks of the business men of his community. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 641 In 1907 ]\Ir. Jlvillowney married ^liss Dorothea Johanna Seifert. of Dresden, Saxony, Germany, ii daughter of Oscar Seifert, a captain in tiie remdar army, who won the Iron Cross for distinguished war service. ' Two of Mrs. J\Iuliowney's brothers are professors in the Dresden University. Mr. and .Mrs. ]\hdlowney have three chiklren, William Richard, IMargaret Ruth and Dorothy Elizabeth. Mr. Mullowney deserves more than ordinary credit for his success, for he has not only accomplished it unaided but has also been compelled to fight against obstacles in the sliape of poverty and discouragement. These he has overcome gradually and tlirough successive stages of progress and advancement has worked his way upward, fui'iiishing in the attainment of his prosperity a splendid example of the power and force of honorable manhood. JAMES FINDLAY. James Findlay, who has lived retired at Shoal Lake since 1907, was in former years actively and successfully identified with general agricultural pur- suits in Manitoba, coming to this province from the place of his birth in 1879. He was born at Elora, Wellington county, Ontario, on the 4th of February, 1S40, his parents being James and ^Mai'garet (Rnxton) Findlay. The family is of old Scotch origin and traces its ancestry back to Lord Aberdeen. James Findlay, Sr., emigrated from Aberdeen to Ontario. Canada, in 1836 and became a pioneer agriculturist of the province. His ])olitical allegiance was given to the iilieral party. His demise occurred in 1877, while his wife was called to her final rest three years later. The remains of both were interred in the ceme- tery at Elora, Wellington county, Ontario. In the acquirement of an education James Findlay attended school in the townshiii of Nieol until fifteen years of age. He afterward assisted his father in the operation of the home farm until he had attained his ma.iorit.v and then spent three years as an apprentice at the blacksnnth's trade. Su'xsequently he went to Lucknow. Ontario, and for three years worked as a journeyman. He then operated a rented farm near Port Elgin, Ontario, for a year and on the exi)iration of that period removed to the village cf Port Elgin, where he learned the plasterer's trade and worked at that occupation for nine years. In 1879 he came to ^Manitoba and took up a homestead and preemption claim on section 18, township 17, range 23, The tract was all prairie lancl and after personally surveying the same he erected buildings and brought the place to a high state of cidtivation. He carried on mixed fai-ming and his undertakings in that connection were attentled with a gratifying measure of success. Eventually, however, he disjiosed of the i)roperty to his son, Fred ^I.. and in 1907 took up his aliode at Slioal Lake, where he has since lived in honoralde retirement. In 1902 he had purchased another farm of tiiree hundred and twent.v acres, which he gave to his youngest son. His record is an excellent illustration of the power of industiy and determination in the attainment of success, for at the time of his arrival in .Manitoba his cash capital amounted to but six dollai's. He attributes bis present prosperity in large iiieasun' to the a.ssistancc and encoui-age- ment of his estimable wife, in whom he lias ever found a true helpmate and wise counselor. On the 2")th of December, 1867, at Elora, Ontario, Mr, Findlay was unileil in marriage to ^liss Emma ;\Iai-sliall, a dau'ihter of Fi-ancis and Elizabeth (Becker) Mai"shall. The father, a watclunakcr and .ieweler, was accidentally killed while hunting and lies buried at Worth, England. The mother passed awa.v at Elora, Ontario, and was buried there, Mr. and Mrs. Findlay have five children, as follows: W. A., who is a jiromiTient contractor of Slioal Lake; C. J., a storekeeper of Kelloe ; Fred, who lives on his father's farm; Elizabeth M., who is the wife of Tvobert Scott and resint Order of Odd Fellows, while he has also had experience in military affaii-s, liaving in 188"), during the second Kiel I'ebellion, orgaiuzed a company of soldiers. Of this he was made captain Vol n— 2B 646 THE STORY OP MANITOBA and he served during the entire disturbance in that capacity but was not called into action, although he had left a wife and two children at hoiuc and had held himself in readiness to respond to any call made ujiou him and his company. He has always taken a prominent and active part in the public life of his community and has been called to serve in many important capac- ities. His first public office was as a member of the iiuinieipal council, which was the pioneer organization of that kind, and during the second year of his service he was elected reeve. In 1886 he was chosen to represent his district in the JIanitoba legislature during the Norquay administration, and in 1888, at the close of that administration, was reelected and served for another four years. He was active in nuiny affairs of vital importance, supporting many important railroad bills which were enacted during his period of service, and in 18(10 he took a very prominent part in the school (|ucstion. having lieen one of the strong exponents of the free, in opposition to the private, school system. In 1901, in recognition of his efficient work in the local house, he was elected to the Dominion j)arliament but failed of reelection to that office in 1908. At this point it would be tautological to enter into any series of statements as showing Mr. Crawford to be a nmn of great executive ability, of shrewd, keen business sense and excellent judgment of men and affairs, for all these have been shadowed forth between the lines of this review. Strong in bis individual- ity, he never lacks the sti'cngth of his convictions and yet there are as dominat- ing elements in him pleasing personal traits which win for him enduring friendships. Out of the struggle with small opportunities he has come into a field of broad and active influence and usefulness, and the varied experiences which have come to him in the successive stages of his development have brought him into a conspicuous place among his fellow citizens. D. ilcLEOD TELFORD. The Dominion goverament has in its service no more reliable, upright and •worthy man than D. McLeod Telford, customs appraiser in the custom examin- ing house at Winnipeg. In the fourteen years of his work in the customs service he has proven his worth by the things he has accomplished, by his evident integrity and high sincerity of purpose as well as by his practical application of the fine spirit of loyalty which influences his standards and methods. He is one of the many sturdy, upright and conscientious men whom Scotland has given to Canada. He was born at AVick. November 12, 1845, and is a son of William and Catherine (ilcLeod) Telford. In the acquirement of an education Mr. Telford attended the public schools of Thurso, Scotland, and began his active career in 1860, securing emplojinent in a mercantile store. For seven years he engaged in this line of work and then determined to come to Canada, having been attracted by the rumors of the prosperity and opportunities which the country offered. He settled in London, Ontario, and there engaged in the mercantile business from 1867 until 1869. In the latter year he went to Strathroy, Ontario, where be was connected ■with the same line of work until 1881. when he came to Winnipeg and entered the service of the Canadian Pacific Railroad. In the following year he was appointed local treasurer at Winnipeg and in 1890 was transferred to Montreal as general agent of the company. He remained in that city for one year and then returned to Winnipeg, where he was manager of the railway news business over the western division until 1895. In that year he left the service of the Canadian Pacific after thirteen years' faithful and I'eliable work in its interests and made an entire change of occupation, accepting the appointment as provin- cial manager of the Provincial Life Insurance Company. In 1898 he resigned this office in order to enter the Dominion customs service, in which he gained rapid advancement, being appointed in 1901 customs appraiser. He has proved THE STORY OF MANITOBA 647 himself well fitted for this office, being eoiiseientioi'is, able, public-spirited and constantly courteous, and his record is a fine and worthy evidence of the quality and character of his work. In 1874 Mr. Telford iiiarrieil Miss Margaret Stephen, a daughter of Dr. Stephen of Aberdour, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, who later came to Hamilton, Ontario, where he resided until his death. ^Ir. and ^Irs. Telford have five children, one .son and four daughters. The family are members of the Presbyterian church. Although Mr. Telford is loyal to the institutions of his adopted country and enthusiastic in his support of measures for the general growth, he is yet a true Scotchman and keeps in touch with his fellow countrymen in Canada. For a number of years he was president of the St. Andrews Society of AVinnipeg, and is now president of tlie Highland Society and honorary president of the Caithness Society. He has been through all the chairs in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, both in the suboi'dinate lodge anil the encampment, and for two years was a member of the grand lodge of Ontario. He belongs also to the llasonic order. Measured by the standard of definite accomplishment, his record is excellent. He has given to the Canadian government the expert and reliable work and the faithful service of an able, progressive and public- spirited citizen and has stood well the hard test of responsibility. In Winni- {)('g he is honored for his sturdy integrity, his straightforward methods, his undoubted ability and is widely beloved for the kindly qualities which mark his intercourse with his many friends. HAMILTON ARMSTRONG. Hamilton Armstrong is one of the enterprising, progressive and public- spirited men in Carman, where he ha.s been serving as dei)uty of the district land office since ]!)0G. Previous to that time he was closely connected with business interests here and in various parts of ]\Ianitoba and in Ontario. Wher- ever he settled he soon became i)rominent and well known, for he possesses that force of character and ability which carries men forward into a.s.sociation with important afTairs. A native of Canada, Jlr. Armstrong was born in Kingston township, Ontario, September 30, 1848, and is a son of Henry and Letitia (Perry) Armstrong, natives of County Tyrone, Ireland. The family is of Scotch origin but its representatives were in Ireland several generations ago, the grandfather of our subject havinir lived and died in that country. Henry Armstrong grew to maidiood in Ireland and there married in 184:^ On Jlarch 17th of the following year, he and his wife crossed th.e Atlanlic in a sailing vessel, landing in New York city six weeks after they left the Emerald isle. From New York they went by way of the P]rie canal to Kingston township, Ontario, and there tlie father of our subject bought land and developed and improved it for ten years. At the end of that time he moved to Richmond township, Lennox county, where he again followed farming and became known as a prosjierous and pi-actical agriculturist as well as one of the most able men in the section. Cpon this farm he remained until his death, which occurred in May, 1907, when he was ninety-three years of age. His wife had passed away previously, dying in Ucccmbcr, IIHI'). when she was eighty-live years old. Of the eleven children born to Mr. and ]Mrs. Henry Armstrong nine lived to maturity. Hamilton Armstrong of this review was the third in order of birth. He grew up on his father's farm and received his education in the public and high schools of Lennox county. After he was twenty-one years of age he spent a few years in the employ of a lumber company at Ottawa and was afterward for six years a resident of the villag'' of Hobliii, where he conducted a general store. Finally, in 1880 he came to Manitoba anti settled in Portage la Prairie, where for four years he conducted a grocery business. When he 648 THE STORY OF MANITOBA disposed of this enterprise lie returned to the east aiid remaiiuil tlicri' cijilit years as niauajjer of a general store at Napanee Jlills. Later, however, he enga^etl in business tor himself in Napanee a'ld was extremely sueeessful for sonu- time. Toward tlie end of the year lil02 he returned to ^lanitoba, settling in Carman, where he beeanie eonneeteil with th" real-estate blls)ne^'s with S. P. Hiueli. lie has hail many opportunities in the eourse of his eareer to prove the quality of his business aeumen and to display his possession of the true business instinct. None of these has he ever neglected, for his various enter- prises have always been unusually successful and he has not only promoted bj^ their expansion his own prosperity but has also been a force in the general progress. Recently Mr. Armstrong withdrew his connection with his real- estati' interests and accepted the i>osition of dejiuty of the district land office at Carman, which otTice he still holds. On January 20, 187-1, Mr. Armstrong mairied ]\Iiss Elizabeth Booth, of Richmond townslup, Lennox county, Outai-io, a daughter of AVilliain Booth, a native of Ireland and a idoneer in the settlement of the province. Mr. Arm- strong's tirst wife pa.ssed away on February 2, 189-1, and on November 25, 1897, he was again married. His second wife was in her maidenhood Miss Helen Miller, a native of Camden township, Napanee Mills, Ontario, and a daughter of Peter ililler, a representative of a fine old Holland family. To their union has been bora a .son, Harold ]\liller. jMr. Armstrong is a Mason, and a member of the ]\Ietliodist church. Being essentially public-spirited, he has always taken an active part in pul>lic affairs both in Ontario and in !\Ianitol)a. He has served upon the municipal council in Carman and in many other ways, less direct but equally effective, has demon- strated his possession of that lo.val readiness to promote progress and to work for the general welfare, which is true public s]iirit. JOHN LAilONT. One of the substantial farmers of the ]\Iinnedosa district is John Lamont, who is cultivating four hundred and eightj' acres on northeast sections 16 and 21, township 15, range 17. He was born near .\l)erdeen, Scotland, October 20, 1842, and is a son of John and Christine (Jameson) Lamont, the former for many years active in the stone mason's trade in his native country. Mr. Lamont 's parents died in Scotland and are buried in the churchyard cemetery of Maryculter. John Lamont received his education in the ]\Iaryeulter parisii school but laid aside his books at the age of sixteen in order to learn the oatmeal milling business, which he followed for a number of years. In 1870 he left Scotland and crossed the Atlantic to America, whei-e he settled in Bruce county, Ontario. Here he continued his activities in the oatmeal business for nine years and then came to Manitoba, where he was engaged as bookkeeper in various lumber concerns. Eventually he came to ilinnedosa and accepted a posiiion as book- keeper for P. J. JIcDermott, a general nu'rcha)it. and worked in his interest until 1888, when he took up a homestead claim and after sonic time began its cultivation. When he assumed control it was nothing but a tract of brush land, upon which not a furrow had been turned, but with characteristic cnergA- he set himself to improve and develop it. Acre after acre was brought under the plow and finall.v abundant harvests rewarded his care and labor. Jlr. Lamont now has two hundred and forty acres of his tract under cultivation and the rest is fine pasture land, upon whieli he keeps large herds of horses, cattle and swine. As his financial resources increased he made .substantial improvements upon his farm, erected barns, gi-anaries and outbuildings and fenced his fields. He also built a modern residence, equipped with all the conveniences and accessories of a present-day home. THE STORY OF :\IANITOBA 649 On Xoveml)iT 26, 1878, Jlr. Lainout Wiis married, at Hamilton, Ontario, to Miss Maggie A. Kelly, a danghter of ilr. and Mrs. Hugh Kelly, the former a pioneer farmer in that province, ilr. and Mrs. Lamont Ijecame the parents of seven ehildren : George S., John K. and .Jame? A., all of whom are a.ssisting their fatiiei- with the work of the farm; i\Iargaret, who is a graduate of the Collegiate Institute and who is now teaehiug school ; Annie, who i-esides at home; Katherine, who died at the age of twenty -one and is buried in West Hope cemetery; and Christina, a professional nurse, who passed away when she was thirty-one years of age and who is buried in "West Hope ceraeter.y. Mr. Lamont is a stanch liberal and was for two* terms asses.sor for the iniuiicipality of Odanah, and at the present time is serving as secretary and treasurer of the West Hope school board. He is a Mason, but beyond this has no fratermd connections, preferring to devote his entire time to the develoj)- inent of his farm. He is known throughout the district in which he resides as an expert and able farmer, and, consequently, a prosperous and wealthy one. He is a worthy representative of the class of agriculturists who make practical use of every new development in fanning methods and who, by keeping closely in touch with the trend of advancement, are aiding in the evolution of agi-i- culture into a svstematic science. SAMCKL :\IcCLAIN. The i-apidity of growth of any coiinnunity is directly influenced by the rate of expansion of the most imjiortant business concerns. This in turn can be influenced only ])y the character of the business men and in tiieir hands rests a great deal of resj)onsibility for development and upl)uilding. Therefore, Carman should welcome to the ranks of citizenship such men as Samuel McClain, pi-ominent in the lumber business in the town and one of the most extensive landowners in the neighboring district. He is one of the fine, progressive, and)itious and energetic men who ever.ywhere establish standards and in the twenty years he has lived in Carman has become recognized as a representative of the highest (|ualities of citizenship. Mr. JMcClain was born in Oxford county, Ontario, in Feliruary, 1868, and is a sou of Charles and J']iizabelii (.Tickling) McClain. natives of England. Tlie family is of oKl Scotch origin and was founded in Canada by Thomas JMcClain, the grandfather of our subject, who came to Ontario in 18:50, one of the very earliest settlers in Oxford county. He passed through all the difficulties and hardships of pioneer life and finally developed from a raw tract of land, thickly covered with timber, a model and profitable farm. His son, the father of our subject, after he grew to maturity engaged also in agricultural pursuits, remaining in Ontario until about the yi'ar 1882, when lie came to .Manitoba. He bought land near Moi-den and devel()|)ed and imjjroved it until ISIKI. wiieii he retired from active life and moved into the village, where he died in lilO"), at the age of seventy-six. Samuel ^IcClain of this review was the fourth in a family of six children. He completeil his education in the public schools of Oxford count.v and eaine to ^lanitoba with his parents when they moved to the province in 1882. He began his independent life in 1887, when he bought a farm, four miles from his fathei-'s projjerty. This he cultivated for some time but in 1892 came to Carman and eslablished himself in the lumber, coal and wood business, liis yard adjoining the Canadian Northern Kailroatl. Mr. McClain ]iurcliases his lumber from the IJainy River district, Kat Portage and various parts on the Pacific cojist aiul hauls it to Carman in carload lots. His coal is secured from Lethbridge and Fort Willi.nu. lie conducts today one of the most important bvisiness enterprises in the Carman district, a concern which has developed to its present proportions from a hiunble beginning entirely by reason of ^Ir. JlcClain's energetic work and his keen business ability. No man in Carman 650 THE STORY OF MANITOBA occupies a more enviahlc position in business circles, not alone by reason of the success which he lias aciiieved but also owing to the fact that his methods have been consistently straij^'htforward and honorable. The simple weight of his ability has carried liiiii forward into important business relations and has put him in a ])lacc of prominence among the jirogressive citizens of his district, lie was the first president of the Boa I'd of Trade, serving about four years, and one of the most extensive landowners in this section, being the proprietor of three thousand acres, half of whicli is under cultivation. In February, 1888, Mr. McClain married Miss Violet i\Iorrison, who was born near Toronto, Ontario, a daughter of James Morri.son, one of the early settlers in the province. Mr. and Mrs. MeClain have two children : Ernest Charles James, who is associated with his father in business; and Margaret Elizabeth, who became the wife of C. Es.sou Graham, of Winnipeg. Mr. ^IcClain has been a member of the Odd Fellows for the past twenty- eight years, being first a member of the order of iMorden ami was a charter member of Carman Lodge, No. 22, in wliich he has been through all the cliairs. He is a member of Lornc Encampment, No. 8, and is also a member of the Ma-sonic order. He has utilized during his life all the opportunities which his ability has commanded and, making steady progress in the business world, has today reached a position of prominence and influence. He is a dignified, courteous gentleman, of kindly spirit and strongly marked principles, who, through the force of his jiersoiiality. lias left an iuipri'*--^ for good upon his communitv. GEORGE NEIL. George Neil, prominent in business circles of Winnipeg as a successful contractor and an important figure in general business life and well known in social circles of the city as a Scotchman loyal to his native country and a devoted enthusiast of his national game of curling, was born in Ayrshire in 1870. a son of Alexander and Catherine (Rae) Neil. The father was a con- tractor in his native country and after Mr. Neil of this review had completed a public-school education he learned his father's business and worked at it until he came to Canada. In 1902 he established his residence in Winnipeg and there resumed the contracting business, in which he has met with rapid success. 3Iany of the finest residences in the city were erected by him, as were also a large number of the best apartment houses. He has won a widespread reputation as a far-sighted and resourceful business man to whom prominence and prosperity have come as a result of commanding ability, w^ell directed and well used. Mr. Neil married in 1892 Miss Euphemia Currie, of Stewarton, Ayrshire, Scotland, a member of the famous Currie family of that place, known for many generations as bonnet makers, and they have two sons and two daughters. The family residence is at No. 378 College avenue and for many years has been a hospitable meeting place for the many friends of Mr. and ^frs. Neil. Although Jh-. Neil has been in Canada a number of years and has become an enthusiast upon the subject of the resources and opportunities which the country offers, he is yet stanchly loyal to his native Scotland and in his character one of the true sons of that country. He keeps in touch with his fellow countrymen through his membership in the Clan Stuart Scottish Society and in St. Andrews Society. His national characteristics are also evident in his enthusiasm upon the subject of curling. He is prominent in the Curling Association of Winnipeg and since 1902 has been a member of the Thistle Curling Club. For several j-ears he was vice president of this a.ssocia- tion and a member of the executive. He is upon the board of council of the Manitoba Curling Association and has held an important position on the (_;i:()i;i;i-: NKll, THE ST0RY OF MANITOBA 653 committee of appeal for a number of years and in 1912, was cliairman of the finance committee, the work of which was very successful. In lUUT ^ir. Neil started what is known as the "Scottish Bonespiel" and which has since grown to very large proportions. Beginning with three societies it now has a i-cpresen- tation of seventi'cii ilifferent Scottish societies. ]\Ir. Neil has attained expert skill in curling and devotes much time to perfecting himself in it, olitaiiiing in this way valuable exercise and needed relaxation from his important business affairs. COLONEL ANDREW DUNCAN DAVIDSON. There are various reasons why Colonel Andrew Duncan Davidson, "The Father of the American Invasion," stands prominent among those who have written their names large upon the history of Canada ; but one of these reasons stands preeminent — his colonization of the Saskatchewan valley, whereby he sold hundreds of thousands of acres of land and brought thousands and thou- sands of proniinent settlers into westei'u Canada. Men may call it genius that enables him to accomplish the stupendous task, l)Ut if so. that genius was the growth of years and had its root in luibits of industry winch he developed upon the old home farm, upon which his boyiiood days were passed. He early recog- nized the eternal truth that industy wins, and industry became the beacon light of his life. IMoreover, he cultivated thi; powers ami observations that gave in time the means of keen sagacity and notable insight into situations. Canada claims him by birth and choice makes him a resident of his native land, yet for many years he lived across the border and his business operations and interests have been almost equally extensive on the one side of the "line" as the other. Colonel Davidson was born in Glencoe, Ontario, May 18. 1853, his parents being William and Christine (iMcRae) Davidson. The father, a native of Ire- land, came in early life to the new world and was long identified with farming interests in Ontario. The mother was of Scotch descent, being connected with the IMcRaes of (tlengarry. She was ambitious for her children and put forth every effort to enable her four sons to have good educational opportunities. When Andrew Davidson left the farm to attend school, she counseletl him wisely and asked that lie give the promise that he would never drink whiskey and never gamble or smoke. The promise wa.-5 given and has been faithfully kept through all these years, and the strong and vital principles which were impressctl upon his mind by his mother have borne fruil to the present day. In his boyhood he worked uj)on the home farm, which his fatiier was attempting to hew from the Ontario forests, and his industry and earnestness were a matter of comment to his neighbors even in those days. He took pride in accomplish- ing to the best of his ability any task that he undertook. When he was nineteen years of age he took a contract to haul twelve iuMidred coi-ds of four-foot wooti a mile and a half and pile it eight feet high. Wiieii tbe task was almost com- pleted he was a|)])roachcd by a neighbor wiio counseled liim to seek employment elsewhere, saying that he was putting too much force and energy into the task of so little importani-e, gaining from it l)ut small reward. His advice was "Go out into the world and make a record for yourself." It was felt at that time that tiie United States, which was growing more rapidly than Canada, offered better opportunities, and acting almost immediately upon the advice of his neighbor frieml, A. D. Davidson cro.ssed tiie border and sougiit a situation in Wi.seonsin. He spent one winter workuig in the pine forests and hder was employed at Jaiiesvilie, where he embraced tiu' oi)portunity of attending a school of telegraphy. Already he had saved from his earnings in the pineries about eight Iniiidred dollars and instead of using this to meet the exiiense of his school training, he put it in one of the banks and worked out of school hours 654 THE STORY OF :\rANITOBA for liis l)oarcl. Fi)llo\viiiir his graihiiitioii lie sciin-i'd a position as station a'zont and telegraph o[)ei'ator lor the (ireen Hay & ^linnesota liailroad at Rlair. The capital that he hail saved was now utilized for loan purposes or in buying farm protluce whieh he sold at a fair profit. After four years spent at Blair, he lieeanie a resident of Jlinneota, Jliniiesota, and there was an even more impor- tant factor in loeal Inisiness ciicles. establishing a store and lumberyard and grain business. whil(> subsequently he became eonneeted with business activity therein tiie oi'ganization and conduct of a bank. He was ahvaxs on the outlook for broader opiMJi-tunities. ^loreovt'r. it is a well known fact that powers grow thi-ousih the exiTcise of effort and his business activities weri' each .vear not only bringing liim siu-cess but were exjjanding iiis abilities. Tiiinking tliat thei'c was money to be made in the purchase of timber lands to be transformed into farms, he made considerable purchase of such property and j)ersonally secured a large tract in JMinnesota which he stocked and cultivated, proving to the ]K'oi)le that such lands were among the most prodnetive in North America. Another investment made him owner of iron protlucing property near Dulutii and from time to time as a favoi-ing ojipoi'tunity olfcred. he established banks at various points in JMinuesota, Iowa and the Dakotas. There was never any point in his career in which his business interests and activities shut out all other life interests. His growing connnei'cial and linancial affairs did not prevent him from finding time to assist in the organization of the Peoples church (undenominational in St. Paul) nor to take an active part in advancing the interests of the republican party. He did not seek nor desire office for himself and the only political position he ever held was that of mayor, yet he was a delegate to the St. Louis convention of 1896 which declared for the gold standard and nominated lla.ior ilcKinley for the i)residency. His name was also known in military circles for he became a membei- of the ^Minnc- sota Natioiml Giuird and as a iiiciiilicr of the governor's staff was accorded llie rank of colonel. Gradually as his business att'airs increased, his interests extended over the boundary line into Canada and he became more and more elo.sely connected with Canadian industries, manufacturing enterprises and financial concerns. Something of the magnitude of his interests is indicated in the fact that he is prominently connected with, as either an officer or director in The AVestern Canada Flour ^lills. Limited; the Virginia and Rainy Lake Railway and Lum- ber Comi)an\-; the Zenith Furnace Comiuniy. Duluth: the Great Lakes Dredg- ing Coiiipany, Chicago; the Fraser River Lumber Company, IJritish Cohnnbia; the Columbia River Lumber Company; (the latter two now ojieratcd under the Canadian Western Lumber Company, Limited, capital fifteen million dol- lars) ; the Anacortes Lumber and Bo.x Company. Anaeortes. W'aslnngton ; The Canadian Northern Prairie Land Company ; The Canadian Loans antl Securities Comjjany; The Winnipeg Lisiirance and Vessel Company; The Davidson & JIcRae Stock Farm, the largest farm in .Minnesota; and he is i^resident of ten banks. He is also a director in the Canadian Colliei-ies (Dnnsmuire Ltd.). located on Vancouver Island, British Cohunbia. the largest steam coal mines on the Pacific coast and producing a grade of steam coal only excelled in \V;:les. He is an officer and director in more than fifty corporations. Public opinion, however, agree that the gigantic undertaking of his life was accomplished through what has since become known as the American Invasion, and of which he is known as the "Father." In this connection the Canada Jlonthly wrote: "It is impossible to overestimate the value and far- reaching impoi'tance of the gift of Colonel A. L. Davidson has conferred upon Canada, but he stands in this unusual attitude towards it; that while remote posterity will continue to enjoy its benefits and shall be better able to estimate it through the perspective of time, he has full credit for it among the people of the present. Yet, like all men who build for the unborn aenerations, he has done the woi-k for his own sake, unheeding the present praise or blame of other men. With all unconsciousness of saying a fine thing simply, he staterl THE STORY OF MANITOBA 655 this, himself, at a haii(|iii't g:ivcii in his lioiior at Winnipeg: 'After an ahsenee nf twent.v-Hve years 1 liave come hack among my fellow eountrymen lo devote tlie rest of my life in assisting to settle and develop my native country and if in the end it ean he said Canada is better off because I have lived, then my mission shall have been fulfilled.' It takes a pretty big man to make a strong and lasting imi)ression u])on the material affairs and the course of his- tory in two great nations. David.sou has done this — by sheer iuboru force, and 11(1 adventitious aids whatever. Bare hands, steady eyes, the power to discern a duty and the instant readiness to do it, made np his capital when, in early boyhood, he first faced the world. Now in the high noon of his years he is commander of many great interests, all of them operating for the good of thousands of jieople and has at his call whatever resources may be necessary to anything he undertakes. I5ut the one performance by which his name will be carried forward was his promulgation of proofs of the fact that the Sas- katchewan valley would grow abundantly the best wheat in the world." Only a man of notably keen insight and ready recognition of opportunity would have recognized the fact that the favoralile and logical moment to launch such an enterprise had come at a social gathering — a luncheon — at which he was guest in the Union League Club in Chicago. Mr. Davidson had studied western Canada and believed that the Saslcatcliewaii valley was one of the garden spots of the world, but he knew that this must be proven to the i)ublic at large before settlers would flock to the district. There was no organized systi'in eithi'r of attracting or handling definite migration and to produce that was the ([iiestion which he was pondering in his own mind. His friends at the afore- mentioned luncheon were bankers, and when one happened to mention that Colonel Davidson had just bought a big tract of land up north, another asked why he di<1irt let some of his friends know of these opportunities for good investment. In the course of conversation that naturally followed, the first man suggested their going up north with Colonel Davidson and looking around. The answer came: "Come as my guests if you like," followed by the query, "When are you going?" He had no plan in mind, but immediately replied: "On the loth. I have a private car with room enough for all." The outcome of this conversation was that Colonel Davidson e.xtended an invitation not only to the bankere present but also to their correspondents in the country. There was practically no one who declined the invitation and when the start was madb one private car had been e.xtended into a train of eleven Pullman coaches, carrying a large party of bankers and a few newspaper men to the north. They were .ioined by others en route until a train in three sections made its way from Winnipeg to. the Saskatchewan valley. 'Sir. Davidson, his brother and their partner. A. D. M(dJai. and others who acted as guests, .sjiid not a word concerning the sale or purchase on lands, but American business insight and .iudgment recognized fhe jiossibilities of the district and the invest- ment of the bankers at the close of the excursion amounted 1o one hundred and eighty thousand acres. Colonel Davidson carried out the ideas which this initial step brought forth, organizing a system of aj.'-eneies of sales until by the first moiitli of the next year, twelve hundred and fifty thousand acres of Canada land had been sold to ]ieo])le from south of the line. In !!)();) there were nineteen hundred inhaliilants of the I'nited States who i-emoved acioss the border and the number in lUTi reache has but lo see him to know that he is a forceful, determined man, and anyone nieetinir him face to face would recognize at once that he is the individual embodyintr all the elements of what in .\meriea we term a ""siiuare" iiiiin — one in whom to have confidence, a dependable man in an\' i-elation and in 656 THE STORY OF MANITOBA any cuiergt'iipy. Moreover, it is said of him that he never forgets a friend, the companions of his boyhood, tlie associates of his early manhood, as well as those who are most active in controlling the traffic and trade of the country, can count absolutely upon his friendship, if they had once gained it. Again we quote from the Canadian ^Monthly in its record of the life of Colonel David- son: "Let no one think the story has been one all of laurels and bay, even since its scene changed from Blair to ]\Iinneota, years ago, for there have been reverses, and many hours that to a mind les,s firm in its own hold upon itself and its intents would have been filled with black doubt and poisonous worri- ment. If the average of success has been high, and the position attained is secure, it is iiecause his character is of the cast that 'in suffering all hath suffered nothing,' and that 'fortune's buffets and rewards hath ta'eu with equal thanks.' He has a healthy mind in a particularly healthy body. His mentality receives a joke as promptly as it re.iects the toxin of anxiety. No man could have accomplished .so much without the saving sense of humor, covering so granite a resolution as opposed to the shock of circumstance." "It is a singular thing," wrote Emerson Hough in "The Sowing," " it is a singular thing how, when the world needs a skeptic and revolutionist, a scout in industry, that man, sometimes with small pomp and circumstance, usually appears." This was in speaking of the conditions in Canada when Colonel Davidson, against all accepted lielief and in the face of expert finding, reached out and laid hands upon lands in the contumeliously rejected Saskatche- wan valley. "No one would admit that an empire had lain hidden for two centuries. No one would believe that a plain man could in twenty minutes add a hundred million pounds to the wealth of Canada and the world. But in time this revolutionary truth no longer coidd be denied" "When all shall have been said, that colossal achievement will be the one by which Davidson's name will be carried forward tlirough the tinu>s to come. Other men — though not .so very man.y— have equalled his successes in finance and industry ; a few have surpassed him. But in the distinction of having discovered and forced forward a new country and new lands upon strength of his own hard-gained knowledge and with the calm courage of a fixed convic- tion, regardless else of all the world, and its opinions, he stands alone in his century, a unique and gigantic figure among the harbingers of destiny, the leader on trails along which millions have traveled and shall travel into new lands of great content. And as the years hang their filmy curtains 'over the receding view, that figure shall loom larger, but with outlines undimmed. " ^Y. J. WATSON. Among those men whose life activities are ended but whose work was of genuine worth in the upbuilding and commercial development of Winnipeg, was numbered W. J. Watson, who is, moreover, entitled to representation in this volume as one of the veterans of the Wolseley ex])edition of 1S70. From that time until his demise he was greatly interested in the progress and upbuild- ing of JIanitoba and although of a somewhat retiring disposition he took active and helpful part in measures and movements which have been directly bene- ficial to this section. He was born in Toronto in 1849, a son of William and Elizabeth (Rarnett') Watson. The father, a native of Ireland, came to the new world and established his home in Toronto. He died when his son was eleven years of age. In the family there were also another brother and two sisters. W. J. Watson acquired his education in the schools of Toj'onto and of Seaforth. to which place the fandly removed during his childhood days. Early entering the army he was a young man of twenty-one years when as a member of the Wolseley expedition he came to Manitoba in 1870. He was attached to \V. .1. \\A'l",SOX THE STORY OF MANITOBA 659 the First Ontario Rifles and served in the company of which Sir Daniel Mc- Millan later lieutenant governor, was captain. lie was a good soldier and was well liked by both officers and men, enjoying tlieir fullest respect and esteem. He I'eceived his honorable discharge in 1871, at which time he held the rank of sergeant. Deciding to remain in this country Mr. Watson entered upon active connec- tion with business interests in Winnipeg with the grocery firm of W. H. Lyon & Company, and when the business was taken over in 1882 by the firm of Powis & MacKenzie, he was retained as chief bookkeeper and was given even larger responsibilities. In fact be was advanced from time to time with increas- ing iluties as well as salary and about 1903 was admitted to a partnership, retaining an active and working interest in the house under the firm style of K. MacKenzie & Comjjany to the time of his death, In the death of ^Ir. Watson the wliolesale trade in this city lost one of its oldest representatives. He was energetic, determined, persistent and reliable. What he undertook he carried forward to successful completion and in business circles he enjoyed the full regard of his colleagues and eonteinporaries because it was well known that he never made engagements that be did not fill nor incur obligations that he did not meet. In 1875, in Kildonan, Mr. Watson was uuircied to ]\liss Elizabeth Kaufman, a daughter of William Kaufnuin, a native of Switzerland, who came to ]Mani- toba with a party of Selkirk settlers. He was a pioneer farmer of this section of the country and a very upright man and hir'hly respected citizen. He mar- ried Elizabeth ilacKay and their remaining days were passed in this province. Mr. and Mrs. Watson had two children : Mrs. J. C. Thomson, who has two children, Crawford McMillan and ^lary Elizabeth; and William K. Hotli were educated in Winnipeg. Jlr. Watson voted with the liberal party and while not a politician in the sense of office seeking gave earnest supjiort to public measures wliich be deemed essential factors in good government. He held uiembership in the Knox church and was quite prominent in fraternal circles as a Mason and as a past grand master of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In social life he was genial and pleasant. He possessed many strontr and true friends among those with whom he came in contact in business affairs and in other connections. He was ever regarded as a man of the highest integrity and al)ility and the news of his demise, which occurred on the 4th of June. 1907, brought a sense of deep personal loss to many. For a few months ])rior to his death he was in ill health and went on a trip to the west, liojung to be benefited thereby. He was called from this life in Edmonton. Practically the entire period of his maniiood had been passed in \Vinnipeg and to the interests of this city he was devoted, his labors being a significant force in its commercial progress, while along all those lines which make for a great and substantial city he was actively and helpfully interested. G. IIERBEKT llAKl.AM). G. Herbert Ilarland is doing mixed farininring of liS!)2. For two vears he operated a rented fai'm and th( 11 in a.ssnciation with his brother purchased tliree Imndred and twenty acies which tliey dcvehipi'd and improved until ISDT. when G. 11. llarland liought his jireseiit i)roiierfy, upon wliich lie has since resided. He docs mixed farming and is extensively interested in stock-raising, keeping forty head of cattle, twelve horses and a fine herd of swine. Mr. Harland has every reason to be proud of the excellent condition of his property for he has evolved a fine modern farm out of a tract of wild land. Upon it he turned the first furrows, planted the first crops, erected all of the luiildings a.s well as a fine modern rcsioar(l appointed by the government to inquire into claims for pensions for those who were wounded in the rebellion of 1885. In l.stil Dr. O'Ddiuicll was married to ^liss Hannah Routledge, a native of England and only daughter of the late H. Routledge, of Toronto, and they became the parents of four daughters: Florida Grattan, now the wife of H. T. Chamj)ion, a business man of Winnipeg; and JI. H. Evelyn, Aileen and Ethel j\Iay, all unmarried. The religious faith of the Doctor was that of the Roman Catholic church, and at his demise a solemn requiem mass was said in St. Ikinifacc cathedral. He was one of the earlier residents of ^lani- toba. familiar with its history fi'om the days of pioneer settlement down to the present, and he left the impress of his individuality upon man\' events of public moment. He settled here when it was .still a part of the northwest territory and upon the formation of the province in 1870 was called to the legislative council, remaining a member of that body until its abolition. He acted as speaker of the house for a portion of that time and had much to do with t'ormulating its early legislation. At the time of the Riel troubles he was imprisoned for ten weeks by the leader of that movement and afterward, when lilliug the oftiee of justice of the peace, signed the warrant for the arrest of Riel and others. His labors constituted an important factor in discon- tinuing the turbulent element throughout the west. While not a politician in the sense of office-seeking, he always manifested the deep interest of a true ;nul jiatriotic citizen in everything relating to the welfare of his province and his influence was ever given on the side of growth, improvement and upbuild- ing. He ranked high, both as a physician and surgeon, and was regarded as one of the best family physicians in Winnipeg. He had high ideals on the subject of medical etitpiette and was always considerate of the interests of those who were associated with him in the profession. Some of his closest personal frieiuls were members of the medical fraternity, a fact indicative of his high standing among his colleagues and contemporaries. All the sal- ient features of his life covering his public service and his career as medical educator and practitioner were such as established his right to rank with the foremost residents of the province. ALEXANDER MOAD. Alexander Jload, whose property holdings in the district around Minnedosa comprise three hundred and twenty acres of excellent farming land in town- ship 15, range 17, was born in Tae township, Huron county, Ontario. December 12, 1864, and is a son of John and Jane Moad. The father was a pioneer farmer in Ontario and also in ^Manitoba, to which province he came in 1878. He has eight children. The family is of old English origin but has been in Canada for many generations. Alexander I\Ioad was reared upon his father's farm. His educational oppor- tunities were limited but not so his training in agricultural pursuits, for he early actpiired a thorough understanding of the best farming nu'thods. He started out in life for himself at the age of twenty-seven and has since devoted his time and energies to the cidtivation of the fields and the raising of stock. His firet i)ropcrty consisted of one hundred aiul sixty acres which was taken up as a homestead by Alexander Millci', who, upon his death, willed his rights to the subject of tiiis review. At that time oidy a small portion of the farm was under cultivation but with characteristic energy Mr. Moad set about imjirov- ing and developing his land. He later addctl one huiuired and sixty adjoining acres and has about one hundred and fifty-five broken ami tilled, the rest being jiasture land. That he has prospered in his unilertaking is indicated by the fact that he is now the owner of three hundred and twenty acres of valuable 670 THE STORY OF MANITOBA land upon which are all tiic iieeessary farm liuildings and a modern and attraetive home. In ]Manitol)a ^Ir. ^load was united in marriage to iliss Jennie Govenlaw, who dicil April 1!», IStOi*. leaving four ehildreu: Flossie, the wife of Thomas Ilohlcr, who is employed as clerk in a general store; Ida, a graduate of the Uilora .school; and Hazel and (Jlailys, both of whom are also pursuing their studies. Mr. ^Mo.id's second union was with Miss Louisa McCiouaii, whom he wedded in AVinnii)cg on l'"elirnary 1(1, TH't. Tiic f;iiiiily arc nifiiihcrs of the ^lethodist chui'ch. ilr. iload is independent in his political heliefs and never active as an office seeker. He is a nu'mher of the Ancient Order of United "Workmen, his only fraternal connection. By reason of the results which he has achieved in an agricultural way he is .justly numbered among the representative farmers of this section. His entire life has been devoted to the occupation to which he was reared, and his careful management and keen business discriminalion are manifest in the excellent results which, have attended his labors. AniLSTrs MEREUlTll XAXTO.X. Augustus Jleredith Nanton. bi'oker, was born in Toronto. Canada. 7th of May, 18G0, a son of the late Augustus Nanton. barrister, of Osgoode Hall, Toronto. Augustus M. Nanton was educated in Toronto. He is senior Winni- peg partner of the firm of Osier, Hammond & Nanton. investment brokei-s and financial agents, Winnipeg: a director of the Dominion Bank and Noi-thern Trusts Company; vice president. Great West Life Assurance Comi)any: chair- man. Canadian committee. Hudson's Bay Company: Canadian director. Nortli of Scotland Canadian ^Mortgage Company etc. His clubs are the ^Manitoba Club and St. Charles Country Club of Winnipeg; ]\Iount Royal Clul) of ]\Ion- treal ; York Club and Toronto Clul), of Toj-onto : and Rideau Cluli. of Ottawa. malcol:\[ e. demill. Malcolm E. De^Iill is the oldest living settler in Carman, having come to the section before the town was organized. He is now in the thirty-second year of his residence and during that time has seen the district expand and develop and has been a potent factor in the growth. Most of his time has ])een devoted to agricultural pursuits and his land holdings are large. The uu^hods which Mr. De^Iill has emplo.yed in the cultivation of his farms and the high standai-ds and straiehtforward dealing to which he has steadily adhered liave gaiiu'd him a place among the most successful and prosperous farmers in this section and among the men who have the jiower and the right to establish standards. His birth occurred in Prince Edward county. Ontario. Oetotier 26. 1S55. and he is a son of N-athaniel and Wealthy Ann (Palmer) DelMill. both natives of the same section. The grandparents of our subject were John Isaac and Sarah (Solmes) DeMill, who spent a great deal of their lives in the United States. having established a residence there before the Revolution. On tire maternal side the family name is Palmer and representatives of both families were of T'nited Empire Loyalist stock. Owing to their convictions along this line they were obliged to sacrifice all their lands and jiossessions in the United States and flee to Canada, where they settled in Ontario on lands granted by the govern- ment. John Isaac De^Iill was obliged to begin life over again in this section, although he had been a man of prominence and wealth in the states. However, he possessed resolute energy and unwavering loyalty and set to work to hew out of the b\isli land a home for himself and his familv. He remained in Ontario A. M. XAX TdX THE STORY OP MANITOBA 673 aud engaged in larmiiig during the remainder of his life, dying at an advanced age. Ilis sou, tlie father of our suhjeet, eontinued tiie development of the laud and became one of the foremost agriculturists in the province of Ontario. .Malcolm E. DeMill was the second in a family of iive children. lie was edu(rated in the public schools of his Uiitive section and remained upon his father's farm until 3S80, when he came to Manitoba. At first he worked in the employ of the Hon. R. P. Roblin, premier of the province, who was then conducting a general store in the Carman district. However, Mr. De ilill retained this connection only eighteen inonths, at the end of which time he moved upon his farm, having bought inunediately after his ariival a quarter section of land which is now a part of the town site of Carman. A small i)or- tiou of this property is still in his possession. He also owns other land being one of the largest lamlholders in the district. During the tiiirty-two years of his residence in Carman Mr. DeMill has devoted his time almost entirely to agricultural pursuits and, being a keen and able business man as well as an experienced and i)ractical farmer, has won a prosperity which places him among the representative citizens of his district. In 1882 .Mr. I)e]\Iill was united in marriage to .Mi.ss Jennie Dunn, of (Ontario, a daughter of J. W. Dunn, one of the pioneers in .Manitoba. They became the jiarents of three childi'en: Nathaniel and Annie, who live at home; and Alfred, who died July 1. 1!)12. ^Ir. DeMill is interested in the cause of public educa- tion and is a meiid)er of the Carman school board. On February 12. 1912, he was ajjpointed police magi.strate and has already demonstrated his ability and conscientiousness as a public otficial. He takes a personal interest in everything which tends to promote the development of the section to which he came in early times and he gives an eager support to all constructive projects. He is a successful man because he has trained and developed those (jualities in him- self which conunand success — per.severan!/e, euteriirise and high integrity. E. R. SNIDER. p]. R. Snider needs no introduction to the readers of this volume, for as the projjrietor of a large himl)eryai'd and a contracting and ])uilding business, he is well known around Shoal Lake. During his twenty-four years' residence here he has lieen connecleii with the construction of many of the most imjiortant buildings and his business aft'aii's have largely been of a character which has contributed to the general development and improvement. A native of .Micliigan, ^Ir. Snider was born in Port Huron, August 18. 1868, and is a son of Edward and Augusta Snider. The family is of German origin and the name, originally spelled Schneider, has been clianged to its present form since the establishment of the line in America. The father of our subject was for many years engaged in farming and carpentering, but is now living retiri'd in Shoal Lake. The mother passed away in IfKL") and was buried in the Shoal Lake cemetery. E. R. Snider acquired his edu<-ation in the public schools of Capac. .Michigan, attending during the winter months and working upon his father's farm in the summers. He laid aside his books at the age of si.xteen and afterward spent two years at home before he went to New York state, where for some time he engaged in carpenter work in a shii)yard and was also active in residence build- ing. When he cam(> to Shoal Tiake in 1888 he began work indei)en(lently as a carpenter. The first contract which he received was that for the building of the Presbyterian church ami the pastor's n'sidence. and his work ujion these buildings afterwai-d drew to liim a large i)ati'onage, which has since steadily increased in vohiiiie. .Many of the most important structures in Shoal Lake at the present time were erected liy .Mr. Snider, including the public school. the new Presbyterian church and a great number of the finest residences. From 674 THE STORY OF MANITOBA time to time JMr. Snider has invested judiciously in town property and now has valuable hohiings. lie is a wide-awake, energetic and progressive business man, wiio seldom fails to carry forward to successful completion anything which he undertakes, and he has become known throughout this part of the province as a man thoruughly reliable and upright in his business methods and incorruptible in his integrity. On the 17th of Octol>er. ISOO, Mr. Snider was married in Shoal Lake to Miss Ida t'untz, a daughter of Chai'les and Vronica (Bowman) Cuntz, the former a i)ioneer farmer near Shoal Lake. Her parents are of German ancestry and both are still residing upon the origiiml honu'stead. IMr. and ]Mrs. Snider have five children: Edith JL, Charles E. and Frank \V., all of whom are attending school : Jlyrtle A. and Bertha V. Fraternally J\Ir. Snider is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and belongs also to the Knights of the i\Iaccabees. He is a devout adherent of the Presbyterian church. In polities he supports the liberal party and for two years served as councilor, always standing on the side of right, progress and general reform. During the course of his active career he has continually worked his way upward, overcoming all obstacles l)y persistent and earnest labor, and he has now attained a degree of prosperity which places him in the class of men whose enterprising spirit is used not only for their own benefit but affects also general business conditions. THOMAS GLENDINNING HAMILTON, M. D. Dr. Thomas Glendinning Hamilton, physician of Elmwood, "Winnipeg, was born at Agincourt, Ontario, on November 27, 1873. He is of Scotch parentage and belongs to tlie list of early pioneers in what is coming to be known as the middle west of western Canada. His father, James Plamilton, with the eldest of the family, Robert, came west in 1882 and they were the first to locate on land at Saskatoon, when the district was not as yet surveyed. His mother, Isabella (Glendinning) Hamilton came with the rest of the family in 1S83. At this time the little settlement was one hundred aud sixty miles from a railway and forty miles from a postoffice. ^Ir. Hamilton was the leader in organizing a church, Sunday school, and public school for the new colony, and here Dr. Hamilton received a large part of his elementary education. In 1890 Dr. Hamilton's family removed to Winnipeg and he quickly availed himself of the educational advantages a residence in the city afforded. He at- tended the Collegiate Institute until 1894, and then entered the University of ^lanitoba. During his college training Dr. Hamilton was for several years engaged in public school teaching. The experience gained in this profession has given him an insight into educational problems which he has turned to excellent advantage as a member of the Winnipeg public school board. In 1899 Dr. Hamilton began the study of medicine and graduated in 1903. He was that year appointed interne in the "Winnipeg General Hospital. After serving twelve months in that capacity he located in Elmwood in the spring of 190-t and began the practice of his profession. Dr. Hamilton was soon recog- nized not only as a man of outstanding integi-it.y, but also as one who was destined to stand high in the ranks of his profession. He is a member of the Winnipeg Medical Society, the Canadian ]\ledical Association, the American Medical Association and the International Congress on Tuberculosis. He is by appointment a member of the medical staff of tlie Winnipeg General Hospital, and is lecturer on medical .jurisprudence at the ^Manitoba iledical College. In the midst of an extensive practice Dr. Hamilton has been willing to serve his community on the Winnipeg public school board, to which he was elected in 1906. In 1909 he was elected chairman of the finance committee of the school board, and in 1910 and 1911 was chairman of the school management committee. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 675 ami in ]912 became chairman of the board, to which position he was reelected for l'Jl:j. In addition to his educational work, Dr. Hamilton is a director of tlie Winnijjeg Industrial Bureau. In 1!)1.3 he was appointed a member of the Winnipeg play grounds eonimission. In frateriuil relations Dr. Hamilton is an rider in the Elmwood Presbyterian church, a member of King Edward Lodge, No. 93, A. F. & A. M. ; of Wellington Lodge, No. 23, I. 0. O. F., and of Court Louise Bridge, No. 605, C. O. F. Dr. Hamilton was married in 1908 to Miss Lillian ^lay Forrester. As a member of the teaching professjion and an honor graduate nurse of the Winni- peg General Hospital, ^irs. Hamilton is eminently qualified to assist her hus- band in the two lines of activity, medicine and education, to which he has specially devoted his life. Dr. and ilrs. Hamilton have two children, iMargaret Lillian and Glen Forrester. WILLIAM JENKINS. William Jenkins, pioneer farmer in Shoal Lake, has for thirty-three years lived upon his farm of six hundi'cd and forty acres in township 17, range 23, and by courageous and unfaltering work in tlie early days and steady labor throughout the years evolved from a tract of raw prairie land one of tlie finest properties in this vicinity. He was born in Arnprior, Scotland, June 16, 1844, and is a son of Peter and ^lary (IMcGregor) Jenkins, both of whom have passed away and are buried side by side near Arnprior, Scotland. William Jenkins came to Canada with his uncle and family, the ^IcGregors, and they settled in Ontario, where he acquired his education in the public schools of Stanley township. West Huron county, and laid aside his books at the age of seventeen. Afterward he spent some time clearing farms in the bush and working as a sailor. In 1S79, however, he left Ontario and came to Manitoba, settling in what is now township 17 in Shoal Lake. He found here a tract of raw prairie land, covered witli bush. The country was sparsely settled and all the comforts and conveniences of civilization were lacking. Mr. Jenkins surveyed his own farm, taking up a homestead and a i)reemption claim of three hundred and twenty acres, and after building a rude shanty upon his pr()|)erty, returned to Winnipeg for his wife. When he returned he faced tile hard conditions courageously, bending his energies to the develop- ment and improvement of his fields, and at length his unremitting diligence brought him the success which today jilaces him in the front ranks of jirogre.ssive farmers. From the Ijegiiuiiiig he adopted the mixed farming method and, as his circumstances justilied, made im])rovements upon his i)roperty, extended his lioldLngs and has now a fine residence, barns, outbuildings and the necessary machinery. He concentrates a great deal of his attention upon his stock-raising, keri)ing line herds of cattle, horses and other animals, all of which command a ready sale upon the market. He l)elongs to the Grain Growers Association and thus keeps in touch with the iieojile who have intei-ests similar to his own. In Stanley townshi]). West Huron county, Ontario, on July 31, 1878, I\Ir. Jenkins mai-iied .Miss Mary lOnglisli, a daughter of Hohei't and Letitia (Craw- ford) English. Her father was a pioneer farmer of West Huron county, having come to that section wlien it was almost entirely bush land and having hewed out his farm from the wilderness. He died in Shoal Lake anti is buried here, having long survived his wife, who passed away in 1873. She was laid to rest in Baytield. Huron county. .Mrs. Jenkins has shared all the hanlsliips and privations of her iiusband's life and her hope, confidence and steady courage have been salient factors in his success. Mr. and Mrs. Jenkins iiave six chil- dren: Letitia, a graduate of the iiraudon Xormal School, who is the wife of Frank Werrett, a farmer in township 17; (ieorge. who is a.ssisting his father and operates three hundnd ami twenty acres of his farm; Mary McGregor, 676 THE STORY OF MANITOBA resitliug at home; Robi-rt. wiio also assists his fathei-; William, wiio is a farmer in this province; aud Nellie, a graduate of the Winnipeg Normal ISehool, who became the wife of J. K. Stoeker, a salesman in a general store. Mr. Jenkins gives his allegiance to tiic lil)eral party and has served as scliool trustee for the jtast twenty-six years, discharging liis duties ably, conscientiously and always with a view to the general welfare. He is a devout member of tlie J'resliyterian chui'eh and is serving as elder. Having lived in Shoal Lake antl upon his i)resent farm Jor over thirty years, he is one of the well known citi/eus of this locality, being widely recognized as a man of trietl integrity and wortii, of tine business ability and unfaltering diligence. His associates respect and esteem him and wherever he is known his upright character and worthy stand- ards have gained for him an extensive circle of friends. REV. SAMUEL POLSON. Rev. Samuel I'olson has devoted practically his entire life to ciiurch work in some of its various phases, having for a long period represented the Presby- terian denomination in the missionary field. He is numbered among the pio- neers of Manitoba, representing one of the old fannlics of this province. His birth occurred in Kildonan, September 25, 1847. He is a son of Angus Poison and a grandson of Alexander Poison. The latter came from Suthcrlandsiiire, Scotland, where he was born in 1777. It was in 1S1.5 that he crossed the Atlan- tic and came to ^Manitoba as one of the Selkirk settlers, taking up his abode on the west sitle of the river al)out a mile from St. Johns. He received his share of the land, built thereon a dwelling and began translornung a wild tract into cultivated fields. He followed both carpentering and farming and built spin- ning wheels, made his own clothes and in fact displayed great versatility in his laboi-s. The demands of pioneer life call forth all one's latent energies and the necessities of the time and place made Mr. Poison capable of meeting the exigencies which arose. He was a man greatly respected in his conununity, where he resided until his death, which occurred in February, 1857. He mar- ried Catherine ^Matheson. their marriage being celebrated in Scotland ere they sought a home in the new world. They were active membei-s of tiie Kildonan Presbyterian church and were interested in all that pertained to the mor;d as well as the material progress of the comnninity. Their family nundiered five sons and three daughters, including Angus Poison, who spent his entire life in Kildonan, where he was born in 1822 and died February 2U, 1891. He pur- sued his education in the schools here and was reared upon his father's farm. For a number of years he lived on the old homestead and then removed to tlie other side of the river in East Kildonan. purchasing land on lot 9-1. Upon that place he built a home and engaged ui general agricultural pursuits. He, too, learned and followed the carpenter's trade and in connection with building opera- tions he made furniture and spinning wheels and otherwise met the needs of the early settlers. He also built the first windmill on the east side of tiie river for making tlour and he possessed marked mechanical skill and ingenuity. In politics he was a liberal. He held membership in the Presbyterian church, serving as one of its elders, and he was also an active and earnest advocate of intellectual progress, doing all in his power to promote the interests of the schools. He married Ann Henderson, a tlaughter of Samuel and Flora (Liv- ingston) Henderson, a more extended mention of whom api)ears elsewhere in this work, and her life record covered the intervening perioil between the years 1822 and 1902. In their family were fourteen children: Samuel, of this review: Alexander, who died in 1875 in East Kildonan ; AVilliam, whose death occurred at the same place in 1866 ; Angus, a resident of Victoria, British Columbia ; Catherine, who passed away in 1884; Flora, who married Roderick McPhei-son and died in 1882; Hugh, whose home is on lot 94, East Kildonan, and whose y.VMIKIi I'OLSON THE STORY OF MANITOBA (j79 skctc'li appears on aiiotlier page of this vohiiiie; Ann Jane, who Ijeeaiiie the wife of John Maekay, of Enderby, British Coluinbia ; Janet, whose death oeeiirred in 186!); JIargaret, wlio married Donahl .MeCorniiek, of Winnipeg; -Mary, the wife of A. II. Sutlieriand, of that eity ; W'iiliainina Jani't, a resident of East Kildonan; Henrietta Helen, also of East Kildonan; and Isabella, who (lied in 1879. The first named was educated in the schools of Kildonan and St. Johns, also in the I\Ianitoba College, which he entered in 1871 and from which he was graduated in 1878. In the year 1878-9 he attended lectures given by Professor Young in Toronto University, while taking a special session in Knox College, Toronto. He then returned home and until 1!)()7 rei)resented the Presbyterian ciiureh in its mission fields and congregations in .Manitoba, establishing mi.ssious, organizing congregations and building churches in ditt'erent parts of the prov- ince. In fact he performed every department of church work in that connection. He still assists in eity mission work and preaches occasionally, tilling vacancies in different pulpits. A few years ago, however, he returned to his father's old homestead and in 1906 erected his beautiful residence, Loehlea, on the east ])ank of the Red river which is now the family home. In 1879 Mv. Poison was united in marriage to .Miss Jajie Isabella Elizabeth Jolinstone, a daughter of James Johnstone, of Ontario. They have two chil- dren, James Johnstone and Hugii Gladstone. Careful and thorough college training and prei)aration well <|ualilied .Mr. Poison for the important duties which have occupied his time and attention. His intiuence has been of no resti-icted order for he has not been denied the full harvest nor the aftermath of his labors. Someone has said: "Not the good that comes to us but the good that comes to the world through us is the measure of our success," and .judged liv this standard llie life of Rev. Sanuiel Poison has been a most successful one. II. ^V. HOWARD KNOTT. In no profession is there a career more open to talent than that of law and in no field of endeavor is there demanded a more careful preparation or a more thorough appreciation of the absolute ethics of life. Possessing all the requisites for an able lawyer and combining with them the {jnalities of an able ])ublic ot'lii'ial is H. W. Howard Knott, disti'ict registrar for the laud titles tlistrict of Caniian. He ]iracticed his i)rofession in Loudon. England, and in various ])arts of Canada before locating here and cvei-ywhere gained recognition for his keen and resourceful mind and his foi'ceful and convincing speaking. lie was l)orn iu the city of Worcester, England, June 21, 1871, and is a sou of Henry and Catherine (Grinibly) Knott, natives of the same section. The I'aiuiiy is of old English origin and the tafhei- of our subject followed the pro- fession of solicitor until his death. ilr. Knott of this review is one of a family of seven children. His early education was receiveil at the King's Calhednd School at Worcester ami was supi)lemented by a course at Downing College, Candiridge I'niversity. from which he was graduated in 189:5. During that time he had taken up law and he completed his studies along this line at the i\lidh Hirnier. ^I. P. P.. under the name of Birnier. Knott li l>irnier. This assoiiation continued until 1911. Diiring the eighteen years that Mr. Knott has pi'actieed his profession he has everywhere met with rai)id jirosperity, for his ability commamlrd a large patronage and 680 THE STORY OF MANITOBA mado him very successful in its conduct. In July, 1912, he was appointed district registrar for the land titles district of Carman and has already proven his capability in this office by what he has accomplished. On August 28, 1906, I\Ir. Knott was united in marriage to I\riss Isabel Martin, of Prince Edward Island, a daughter of Alexaniler Martin, a member of the Dominion pai'liament representing (Queens county. Prince Edward Island. Mr. Knott keeps in constant touch with the most advanced thought of his pro- fession by his memliership in the Manitoba Law Society and he still retains his connection with the Middle Temple (Inns of Court) in Loudon. He belongs to the Adanac Club of Winnipeg and is otherwise well known in social circles of that city. During his college days he was an expert rower and cricketer and still keeps up his interest in all kinds of outdoor sports. He has always supported the conservative party and prior to his present appointment did effective work in various campaigns, where his power of forceful and conviuciug speaking has served him well. During the short period of his residence in Carman he has won the esteem and confidence of his fellow citizens, who recog- nize in him a man of high integrity and sincerity of purpose and of a progres- sive public spirit. ROBERT T. C. SHARPE. Robert T. C. Sharpe has been in Manitoba since he was two years of age and since beginning his business career has been closely and prominently identified with its agricultural interests. He was born in New York city, July 31, 18S1, and is a son of Joseph and Jessie (Thom) Sharpe. His father occu- pied various positions in New York city before coming to Manitoba in 1883. The family on the mother's side was founded in Canada by the grandfather of our subject, Robert Thom, who took up a homestead claim in this province at an early date and sold it to Joseph Sharpe when the latter settled in this section. It was at that time a tract of wild brush land, which the father of our suliject cleared and put into condition for cultivation. He died upon this farm in February, 1901, and is buried in the Minnedosa cemetery. During his life he had many claims to the Avidespread respect and esteem in which he was held. He taught the Hazelwood school for a number of years and was a popular and active woi'ker in religious circles. His widow makes her home with her son, the subject of this review, who manages her farm of eighty acres in the Minne- dosa district. Robert T. C. Sharpe studied during the winter months from the time he was fifteen years of age until he was eighteen and during this time he worked in the fields in the summer. When he finally laid aside his books he bought his present farm of three hundred and twenty acres, which he has operated since that time. When he assumed control it was a tract of land which had never been broken and which was covered with a dense growth of brush. In the intervening years Mr. Sharpe has cleared one hundred and twenty acres, which now yield abundant harvests, has built new farm buildings and a fine residence and has fenced his property into fields. The result of his work is shown in the excellent condition of the farm, which is one of the model properties of the district. Mr. Sharpe married, at Outlook, Saskatchewan, December 27, 1908, Jliss Josie M. Harvey, a daughter of Frederick and Rosa Harvey, the former a prominent farmer in that province and a pioneer in the settlement of the Deloraine district. ]\Irs. Sharpe was educated in her native .section and taught the Hazelwood school for some years previous to her marriage. She and her husband have one son, Robert Harvey. They are members of the Church of England. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 681 Mr. Sharpe is a stanch conservative in his political beliefs but has never been active as an office seeker. Although still a young man, he has already accomplished a definite success, as is cvidencfd by the productive and well managed farm whicli he opei'ates. By steadily following the most progressive methods and liy keeping in touch with modei'ii development he has won a high place for himself in agricultural circles of the province and his many friends do not hesitate to predict for him continued progress in his chosen work. IMARY E. CRAWFORD, M. D. Dr. ]Mary E. Crawford, who in the practice of her profession confines her attention to the treatment of diseases of women and children, has since 1901 been located in Winnipeg. She was born in Litherland, Lancashire, England, a daughter of ^latthew and Mary (IMac William) Crawford. Her father was a sea captain, and both he and her mother were natives of Scotland. Her mother was a woman of liberal education and taught English at the German court, where members of the royal entourage were anxious to ac(|uaint themselves with the language. Cajitain Crawford died in 1S87, and in 18S!I Jlrs. Crawford accepted the i)Osition of i)i'incipal of the Pi-csbytcrian Ladies College at Ottawa, where she remained until her death in 1892. In the family were four children, all yet living. The late Robert Ci'awford, of Indiana Head, Saskatchewan, and at one time factor in the Hudson's Bay Company, was a brother of Captain Crawford. In 1S94 Dr. Crawford completed her training for kindergarten work at the Normal School of Ottawa, but having determined to make the practice of medicine her life work, spent the next four years in the Ontario ]\Iedical College for Women, from which she was graduated, and' then accepted a position as house surgeon on the staff' of the Hospital for Women and Children at West Philadcl]ihia, Pennsylvania, where she remained for a year, putting her theoretical knowledge to a practical test in the broad experience of hospital work. Thus qualified, she came to Winnipeg in 1901, opened an office and has since engaged in practice, devoting her time exclusively to the diseases of women and children. In addition to her private practice, she is serving as medical inspector of girls in the Winnipeg public and high schools. She is continuously broadening her knowledge by further reading and study and is accorded a liberal patronage, which indicates her efficienc.y and skill in meeting the needs of her i)atients. Siie is prominent in various lines promoting literary culture and social and moral interests. She was the first president of tiie I'liiversity Women's Club, belongs also to the Woman's Canadian Club, is an officer in the Political Fquality League, has been treasurer of the Young Women's Chris- tian Association since 1904, is an active member of the Alpine Clul) of Canada and is also identified with other recreation and ti'avel clubs. She holds mem- bership in Knox church. Her interests in life are broail and varied, indicating bow closely she has ke|)t in toucii willi tile world's tliought and of liis charity and the methods which he employed iti assisting others. He did not believe in the indiscriminate giving which fosters idleness and vagrancy, but sought out iirac- tieal methods of assisting his fellowmen ani]ion tbeii- returning the Vol n-:!i 692 THE STORY OF IMAXITOBA sums puiu'tnally, knowing? that in so doiufr he cultivated business habits whieh would lie of worth to tlu-iii throughout the remainder of their lives. We ([uote from the Toronto Saturtlay Night whieh at the time of his death wrote of him as follows: '"That Kobei-t Ironside was a millionaire few meeting him in a casual way wouki for one moment suspeet. For a man who eondueted the biggest eattle exjiort business in \orth America and of necessity carried around on his shoulders an innnense amount of responsibility, he showed less evidence of hurry or worry than any man you could i)ossibly come across. * * * It is no flattery to say that he was held in the higiiest possible regaril by all of his business associates. Notwithstanding his ever present smile and his ever ready and somewhat whimsical huiiior, when you conversed with him you be- came aware of his seriousness of i)urpose. Confidence in his statements was spontaneous. He was so backward in expressing his views and so modest and unassuming in his demeanor that you might have passed him by among a crowd of men of ati'airs. Kather was he desirous to hear your opinion than to express his." Men who met him in a business way, however, soon learned to recognize his worth and to know that his words counted. His intelligence early grasped the eternal truth that industry wins and industry became the beacon light of his life. As the years passed his sound judgment developed thi-ough experience and he won notable success, yet he placed no fictitious value upon this, realizing that life meant more than the acriimuiation of wealth. He met every obligation and duty of life with high jiurpose and stood ever as a man among men. REV. FATHER JOSEPH HENRY JOHN PRUD 'HOMME, D. D., Y. C. D. Rev. Father Joseph Henry John Prud'homme, chancellor of the diocese of St. Honiface, was l)orn in the interesting little French cit.v of St. Boniface, Manitoba, September 'J. 18S2, a son of the well known Justice L. A. Prud'homme and Apolline (Heneault) Prud'honune. His early education was acquired in the old Provencher school after which he entered St. lioniface College, where he remained as a student until June, 1899, winning at the JIanitoba University, the Greek scholarship twice. He subseciuently attended the Sulpician Seminary in Montreal, where he studied philosophy for two .vears. The succeeding three years were devoted to the stud.v of theolog.v in the Graiul Seminary of tiiat city and he was ordained to the priesthood on the Dth of October, 1904, by Arciiiiishop Langevin. There is a strong rule that no man can be ordained a pi'iest under the age of twenty-one .vears and six months, while the general rule is not under twenty-four years, but by special dispensation from the Pope. Father Prud'homme was ordained at the age of twenty-two years and one month, al- though permission for such a thing had never before been granted. He then went to Europe and studied theology in Rome for two years, being made a Doctor of Divinity in June. 1906, at Propaganda University in that cit.v. He then studied canonical law for two .vears at the Apollinaris Universit.v, where he took his licentiate in 1907 and his doctorate in 1908. From there he went to Germau.v, where he spent several months in the stud.v of the language of that countrj' and during that period he aJso took part in the social course at Muenchen-Gladbach. After an extensive tour over PiUrope, Father Prud'homme retui'ned to St. Boniface in August, 1908, having lived in Europe in the family of the Princess Caffareli, as a tutor. Immediatel.y upon his return he was appointed secretary to the archbishop and given charge of The Ecclesiasticiil Review. While still acting in that capaeit.v, he was appointed assistant priest to Father Cherrier, of Winnipeg, whom he assisted on Sunda.vs onl.v. lie was also given charge of the mission at Gretna and ^lorden for about a .vear and has also had charge of missions at many other points. At the eueharistic congress held in Montreal THE STORY OF MANITOBA 693 ill l!tl(' lie (lelivcrcd iiii iiildrcss as a representative of the diocese of St. Ronifaee. lie has oi-cuj)icd iiuiiiy varied and iniiiortant ]>ositions. inchidinfj; lilirarian and master of eereiiionies and is now ('haneclior of the old diocese of St. lionifaee and defender of tiie nialrinionia! tie for the dioeese. He is likewise seeretary of tile St. Honifaee Historical Society, is lecturer to tlie Ohlate Nuns of tiie Sacred Heart and .Mary Inunacuiate, and is chaplain of St. Koch's Hospital. The Rev. Father Prud'homnie is a nephew of the noted Sir Joseph Dubuc. He speaks Kntrlisii, French, German, Italian, Greek and Latin tiuently and is a tine classical scholar as well as theologian, his studies and reading having covered a wide scope and proving an adiled valuable factor in his chosen life work. THOJIAS 1}RADP:N. Twenty-three years of unremitting toil and intelligently directe(l activity have enabled Thomas Hraden to convert three hundred and twenty acres of unim- I)roved land, located on section '2'.). township ID, range 13, into one of the finest I'arms in Norfolk county. He was liorn in Waterloo county, Ontario, on the Kith of June, l^M, anil is a son of William H. and Hiden (Freeborn) Hraden. The father was one of the pioneer settlers of Waterloo county, where he acquired a hundred acres of land which he cleared and grubbed, endui-ing all of the hardships incident to frontier life. He was one of those who bridged in his labors the pioneer period, with its privation and discomfort, and that of the present day with its iinuimerable comforts and conveniences. Farming, dui'ing the early period of his residence in Ontario, involved endless drudgery with its slow primitive methods and old-fashioneil machinery, but he lived to wit- ness the introduction of the improved agricultural implements of the present day, many of which he installed on his own place, where, during his later years, a self-binder did in a few hours the work which used to occupy him for days. He passed away on the 10th of November, 1906, and the mother on April It), 1906. They are buried on the family lot in Carberry cemetery. The Braden family is of Irish origin, but they have been residents of Gaiuida for about three- (|uarters of a century. The early life of Thomas Braden did not differ, save in tlctails. from that of the average lad reared in the rural sections of Canada at that ]>eriod. His energies were early directed along agricultural lines and in the ac<|uirement of an education he attended the district schools until he was a youth of sixteen years. I'pon leaving school he gave his undivided attention to the cultivation of the home farm until the spring of \fossesses the tenacity of purpose and determination of s|)irit which no amount of misforttnie can van(|uish. and i)er- sisted in his effort until he now owns one of the valuable ]>roperties of this vicinity. His entire tract is feni'ed, his lields are in a high state ol culliv.-ition and he has further im])roved his place by the ei-ection of the finest house in Ibis section of the county. He has also built a substantial granai-y, large barns, sheds and such other outbuildings as are necessary for the protection of his stock and farming implements. His fields are tilled and cultivated in accord- ance with the best approved modern agricultural methods and his labor is aniuially rewarded with rich, golden harvests, which conuiiand the market's iiest prices. At Carberrv on the (ith of .\|)ril. 1S|I_'. Mr. Hraden was married to .Miss .Mfaretta Hodgins. a daughter of llenr> Hodgins, one of Ontario's pioneer farmers, and to them have been born two daughters, E. Fearl and C. .May. both of whom are living at home. 694 THE STORY OF JIAXITOBA Till" family ai-c hipiiiIjits of the I'resbytcrian uliurch ami fraternally yiv. Bradeii is atiHliatod with the Canadian Order of Foresters, while he ^ives his political support to the eonservative party. His life record is another pi'oof of the fact that success can be purchased witii enterprise and dilijiencc, and that tlie most coniniendable achievements are those which are attaineil Ihi'ough individual etfort. NEIL T. :\rAc:\IILLAN. Xeil T. ^lac;\Iillan. i)resident of the N. T. JIacMillan Company, and whose business interests cover nianj- important enterprises, was born in Roilney, Ontario, September 13, 1877. He is a sou of Edward and Marion (Allan) MacMillau. Edward Mac^Iillan is a native of Ontario, his parents having migrated from Kintyre, Scotlaud, settling in Ontario at an early date. The mother of our subject is a representative of an old and honored family in Scot- laud, of which many members have emigrated to Canada, and are foremo.st in financial and commercial lines. Edward ^lacJlillan is a prosperous, twentieth century farmer, and has the finest farm in his section of the province, in Aldbarough township in the couut.y of West Elgin, Ontario. He stands for all that means progress and development, aud is of the high type of citizen that forms the backbone of the Dominion. Neil T. JMacilillan attended the public and high schools of his native town, and supplemented this bj- a course in the Canada Business College, of Hamil- ton, Ontario. Reared on a farm, he w'as taught by his sturdy Scotch parents the habits of thrift and industry, and before twenty-one years of age, he was manager of his father's extensive farming interests, a capacity in which he displayed unusual business ability for one of his years. In 1S9S iMr. ^Macilillan made his first trip to ]\Ianitoba. and even though a yoiing man who had just attained his )najority, he was forcibly impressed with the great future of western Canada, and the extraordinary opportunity this section afforded. He returned home, and during the next three years practically managed his father's agricultural interests. It was in 1901 that Mr. ilacMillan concluded to cast his fortunes with the newer section of the Dominion, and that year came to ilorden, JIauitoba. At this time in life his sole capital consisted of his push, ambition and thirty dollars in money. It is only proper to state here that he carried the prestige of a fine family connection and a good, clean record in the section of the east from which he came. Here he engaged in the grain ])usiness and soon estab- lished an elevator at "Winkler, Manitolia, and desiring a larger field of operation, he came to Winnipeg in 1903, establishing a successful grain business, under the firm name of the Dunsheath-]\IacJlillan Company, of w-hich Mr. JMacJlillan was president. He, however, gave little of his personal attention to 1his enter- prise, and soon after embarked in the real-estate business. In this he found a broader field, and the wisdom of his move has been reflected in .subsequent re- sxilts. He founded the firm of Mac^Millan & Vollans, real-estate and insurance. The rapid growth of this firm was almost spectacular, but never at the expense of integrity and business standing. The firm continued under that name until February 1, 1912, when ]\Ir. IVIacilillan took over the entire business and incoi-- porated it as the N. T. Mac]\Iillan Company, of which he became the president and his brother, John J., secretary and treasurer. Mr. ;Mac]\lillan's success has been extraordinary, and is due to his rare foresight and original methods. He was the first real-estate man to detect the opportunity that lay in offering to provide homes for the middle cla.ss on easy terms, loaning the money to build, and in every way assisting to develop the locality in which such operations were going forward. He put on the first sub- division in the west end, outside of the city limits, in St. James, which was X. T. M\. \lll.l. \N THE STORY OF MANITOBA 697 known as King Edward Place. So favorably was it received that the entire addition was sold in one week. The property has since gained in value one hundred jier cent each year, giving his clients the benefit of his excellent judg- ment and foresight. This was followed by the sulidivision known as Idylewylde, and later on, ^Marlborough Place. In the latter he took raw prairie land, though ideally located, in which there was not a single inhabitant, platted and placed it on the market, and today it is a prosperous, populous business and residential section, containing over seven thousand people. In all his business affairs IVIr. Macilillan has quickly discriminated between the essential and the non-essential ; utilizing the former and discarding the latter, ilureover, he displays marked ability in recognizing the value of any situation, and, foreseeing the possiliilities of successful accomplishment, he has been a heavy buyer of Winnipeg city property. His unbounded faith in the future of this city, the resistless impulse that is driving it forward to a metropolis of millions, was early apparent to Mr. ^laclMillan. In 1909 he boiight the property at Sherbrooke and Ellice streets and built the Casa Loma block. This act on his part was regarded as nothing short of sheer insanity. How well his judgment has been vindicated is apparent to all today. This was followed by ilac^Iillan Court at Kennedy and Cumberland streets, which he still owns and he next ac(|uired Ivan Court on River avenue. As he prosi>erelo\v his ticlils but was obliged to live with a neighbor until a house coukl be built ujion his propert.v. His tii*st crop was very poor and for some .vears after liis grain was damaged greatly by the frost, there being at times no harvests at all. Pie was undeterred by these almost overwhelming obstacles, bending his energies with sturdy resolution and eou- tidenee to the work of development. At length his unremitting diligence brought him success, which has increased during the years until he is now numberwl among the important and substantial men of this locality. He does mixed farniing. keeping thirty head of cattle, twenty-four horses, fine herds of pigs and sheep, ami he has besides a valuable lot of poultrv. Everything al)out his place is kept in excellent condition. There is a comfortable ri'sidence. modern barns and outbuildings and up-to-date machinerv, including a gasoline thresh- ing outfit. ]Mr. Cuntz is one of the best known farmers in the Shoal Lake munic- ipality and is a member of the Grain Growers Association. He loves to look back upon pioneer times and can tell many a story of how he hauled oats to Shoal Lake and sold it for ten cents per bushel and wheat for fort.v cents. In Waterloo, Ontario, on the 2d of September, 1879, Mr. Cuntz married iliss Veronica Bowman, a daughter of Christian and Catherine (Peterson) Bowman, the former a pioneer farmer of Waterloo county. IMrs. Cuntz' par- ents have passed away, her father dying in 1873 and her mother ten years later. Christian Bowman is buried in the I\Iartin cemetery near Waterloo, while liis wife was laid to rest in Conestogo. Mrs. Cuntz shared her hu.sband's hardships and privations in the early times, bearing bravely her part in tlu; poverty and discouragement and aiding him always bv her hope and confidence. She has been a worthy helpmate through the years — a woman of strong faith, courage and high hope. Mr. and Mrs. Cuntz had ten children : William, a railroad con- tractor and landowner, residing at Swift Current, Saskatchewan ; Ida, who is the wife of E. R. Snider, a lumber merchant and contractor; Ella, a professional nurse, who received her training in Buttenvorth Hospital at Grand Rapids. Michigan; Emma V., a graduate of Shoal Lake high school and now a student at the Deaconess Institute, Toronto; Lincoln, who is engaged in farming and resides at home; Walter J., a graduate of Shoal Lake high school; Clara, who resides at home; Nelson, who is attending school; Roy, who is also a pupil in the public schools ; and Irwin, who died at the age of eight years and is buried in the Shoal Lake cemeteiw. ^Ir. Cuntz is a devout adherent of the Presbyterian church and at the present time is serving as an elder. His political allegiance is given to the liberal party and he takes an active interest in school affairs, acting at present as trustee of the Edgehill school board. As a citizen he is puljlic-spirited and lo.val and whatever tends to promote the best interests of the eoninninity in which he has so long resided receives his indorsement and hearty support. DAVID HORN. David Horn, pioneer in the commercial development of Wiiniipcg, veteran of the Riel rebellion and at the present time one of the most important and prominent men in the grain business in the Dominion of Canada, was born on the Kelvin, in the city of Glasgow, Scotland, and is a son of John and Agnes (Nairn) Horn, natives of that country. His father and grandfather were well known in the milling business in Glasgow and lived and died in that cit.v. The D.WID lliiKX THE STORY OF MANITOBA 703 mother of oui- subject is an active, liale and hearty woman in the eighty-fii'st year of her age. She resitles in AVinuipeg. David Horn received iiis ethication in tlic Wilson grammar school of Stane, Scotland, and laid aside his hooks at the age of seventeen. In the same year he crossed the Atlantic to Canadii, settling in Everton, Wellington county, Ontario, where he entered the milling business. Finally he became associated with his uncles, A. and S. Nairn, fuel dealers and railroad constructoi-s of Toronto, and acted as their representative for fifteen years. In February, 1882, he came to Winnipeg and since that time has been actively associated with grain interests of the city. He began as a grain buyer for the firm of Ti'iiill, ]\Iaulsou & ("lark, a concern which was well known in the early days, but wliich has now dissolved. With them ^Ir. Horn remained until the outbreak of the Kiel rebellion, when he joined the Ninetieth Kegiment and served until the close of the ujirising. Immediately afterward the office of Dominion grain inspector was created and jMr. Horn acted as inspector under Captain Clarke. He continued in that position until 1899 and w'as then rewarded for his able and important work by being made chief grain inspector for the Dominion of Canada, which office he resigned in 1910 when he became interested in the terminal elevator business at Fort William and at Port Arthur. He has given his entire time and attention to the conduct of these enterprises since that time and the result of his work is seen in their flourishing condition. In 1887, ilr. Horn married in Montreal, Quebec, Miss Isabella ^lary Wooils, of the eastern township of Queliec, and they have one daughter, Jean Nairn, who lives at home. The family are members of the Knox Presl)yterian church. Mr. Horn is one of the most popular men in social circles of Winnipeg, and is a member of the Canadian and ilanitoba Clubs, the Winnipeg Hunt Club, the Port Arthur Club, the Winnipeg Golf and the Thunder Bay Golf Clubs, and the Fort William Cluli. These relations indicate to some extent- the direction of his interests. He is an ardent golfer, fisherman and billiardist, and is besides a firm advocate of all kinds of outdoor exercise. His politics are eonsistentlj' liberal, but he is never active as an office seeker. Grain interests in ^Manitoba and, indeed, throughout the entire Dominion owe much to the long continued activity of David Horn. He has held important local and national positions and has administered their duties ably, while in a private capacity he has by earnest, enterprising, and progi'cssive work, greatly influenced the general com- mercial activity which means growth. ARTHUR F. HIGment of eonniiereial activity along tiie most beneticial and con- structive lines than has Arthur F. Higgins. i)residcnt and manager of tlic large department store operated by the A. F. Higgins Company. Limited, and one of the reliable, able and distinctly successful men in the city. In his life he is carrying out tlie lionoral)le traditions learned from his father. Captain Alex Rupert Higgins, and is steadily adhering to the principles which make the latter, at tiu^ age of eighty-six. honored and widely beloved by the many friends be hits made in Manitol)a since he came to the ])rovince in 1880. Captain Alex Kupi'rt Higgins was born in Hants county. Nova Scotia. June 20. 1S"_'7, and is a son of James and ^Margaret (McLellan'l Higgins. natives of the same section. Tlic lamily was founded in America in itre-Kcvolutionary times by William Higgins, the grandfather of Caiitain Alex R. Higgins. He came In the Cnitcd States at an early age and fought in the Continental army. 704 THE STORY OF MAxXlTOBA He was taken prisoner and brougrht to Halifax,. Nova Scotia, but after a few months was liberated. He estal)lislied his home in Xova Seotia and engaged in farming for a number of years. His son, James Higgins. grandfather of the su)).ieet of tiiis review. s])ent his boyhood upon his father's farm and later be- came prominent in Hants county as a miller, building the fii-st mill for grind- ing oats into oatmeal and receiving for this service a bonus from the govern- ment, wliich had offered a reward to anyone I'ounding such an industry. Later he expanded his activities to include the conduct of a gristmill and a carding mill. Througliout the entire section in whicii lie lived he was recognized as a man of unusual business ability and executive force, who made his influence felt in the development and growth of any enterprise with which he became con- nected. At an advanced age he contracted a cold from long exposure after com- ing out of a heated kiln and he died in 1829, li-aving a large estate. However, the men who had owned this mill site before .lames Higgins purchased the land brought suit for the return of the property. The case was in court for twenty- four years and the estate was in this way almost entirely consumed, the heirs receiving finally less than three hundred dollars. Captain Alex R. Higgins was the youngest in a family of five children. When his father died he was only two years and a half old and was sent to live with his uncle, who was a farmer in Nova Scotia. He grew to nuiturity in this home and when he was about twenty years of age went to sea, and for thirty- four years sailed upon practically all the waters of the earth, visiting nearly every seaport of any consequence. He met with many hard and dangerous experiences, which, however, only served to develop in his character the rugged and sturdy courage which distinguisiu'd all tlie activities of his life. When he finally left the sea he returned to Nova Scotia and went into i^ai'tnership with an old shipmate. Together they conducted a general merchandise store at Annapolis for four years, after which Captain Higgins sold out his interest and came to JIanitoba, settling on a homestead in the Deloraine district in 1880. For seven years he developed and improved this property but finally sold it in oi'der to take up land near Oxliow, upon which he continued to reside for six years. At the end of that time he came to Roland and after some years in the real-estate business retired at the age of eighty to spend the evening of his days in well earned rest after useful labor. He has many interesting reminis- cences of the early days in .\ova Scotia and can distinctly remember Judge Haliburton. the author of Sam Slick the Clock-nuiker, who lived in the vicinity of his boyhood home. Arthur F. Higgins of this review was born in St. Johns, New Brunswick, July 24, 1864, and spent his boyhood da.vs in Annapolis, Nova Seotia. When he was seventeen years of age he came to ^Manitoba and joined his father at ilorris. Here he entered the employ of Lawrie Brothers and continued to work in their interests for four years, after which he went west and took up a homestead claim near Waskada. He develojied and improved this property for three years and after that spent one .season teaching in a country school. In 1888 he came to Roland as manager of a branch store conducted by his former employers, Lawrie brothers. He retained this identification until 1892, in which year he went into partnership with Henry Webster. The partners purchased the Lawrie Brothers store and conducted the business under the firm name of Higgins & Webster. The enterprise developed and expanded and both partners became unusually prominent in the business life of the section. In 1907 they bought the original store managed by Lawrie Brothers at Jlorris and this they conducted luitil 1912, when ^Ir. Webster sold out his interest to the A. F. Higgins Company, Limited, of which Mr. Higgins of this review is president and manager. The concern of which he is at the head at the present time is the direct outgrowth of the little store which he managed for Lawrie Brothers in 1888. With the exception of the year 1891, at which time the building was destroyed by fire, the success of this enterprise has been uninterrupted for almost a cjuarter of a century. A temporary Iniilding was erected after the fire and this in turn was replaced THE STORY OF MANITOBA 705 by the present brick structure thirty by ninety feet, two stories and a basement. In connection with this the A. F. Iliggins Company, Limited, conducts also a store at Morris. Here the original building was twenty-eight feet by ninety, to which has since been added an addition, making it at the present time fifty by ninety feet. There is a building adjoining, thirty by seventy feet, in which a couii)lete line of up-to-date fui-niture is carried. The company deals in all kinils of dry goods, clothing and groceries. The .stock is never, allowed to run down or to become out of fashion and everything about the place is kept in excellent condition and fully up to the standards set by modern metropolitan stores, Arthur F. Higgins, as the dominating figure in its management and control, is largely i-esponsible for its flourishing condition, for he is a straight- forward, energetic, efficient and progressive business man. His labors have been effective in accomplishing for him an unusual degree of per-sonal prosperity but in the final analysis they have luis his connection with the A. F. Iliggins Company, Limited. Mr. Hig- gins is also connected with other ini])()i'tant enterprises. He is a director in thart of the province. The stand- ards and i)rinciples of his father are the standards hy which he molds his life, and they have brought him honor anil pi-osperity anil many friends. NELSON THO.MAS ROGERS. Nelson Thomas Rogers is one of the prominent and successful farmers of Brandon county, owning a fine tract of two hundi'ed and fifty-five acres on .sec- tion ti, townshiji 12, range 18. He has lived in Manitoba since 1880 and has been (levcloi)ing his present jiroperty since that time, or for a period of thirty- three years. He was Iwrn in New Market, Ontario, July 17, 1859, and is a son ol' David and .Mary (Borden) Rogers. The fandly was founded in Ontario by the grandfather of our subject, Augustus Rogers, who came to that provnice from I'einisylvania in pioneer times and made his honu' near New ^iarket until his death. The father of our subject was a native of Ontario and followed gen- eral fai-ming in that section all during his active life. He died in 1872 and is liuried near New .Market. He had seven children: Joseph, who was eiig.iged in farndng in Manitolia until his death which occui'i'cd in lilDil when he was fifty years of age, and who is buried in llumesville cemetery: Nelson Thomas, of this I'cview ; Lcvina A., the widow of Archibald Kennedy, a farmer of Manitoba, who died in 1!)()8 and is buried at Humes\illc; Lydia, who died in infancy and is buried near New Market. Ontario: Ainia. the wife of Isaac Matheson, who is engaged in farndng near Areola; Alfi'ed E., a farmer of Elton townshi]); and David K., who is engaged in the bakery business at Rapid City. Nelson T. Rogers was a boy of sixteen when he laid aside his books and began his active life and has been identified with agricultural |iursuits since that time. For a shiu't period he aided his father in the fai'iii work and then hii-cd out 706 THE STORY OF :\rAXITOBA ui)ou iicighhoriiig farms until lit' cinie to ^Manitoba, where lie took up a home- stead upon whieh he resides at the present time. The land had never been broken and there were no imi)rovements of any kind. "With eharaeteristie energy he bewail the development of the farm, tilling the soil and cultivating the fields and as the years pa.ssed his labor resulted in making it the excellent projjcrty which it is today. i'(|uipped with all the modern conveniences and accessories. -Ml-. ]{ogers has jiaid special attention to the attractive appearance of his place, has grouped his barns and outbuildings pleasingly and surrounded his fine brick rcsideuce with beautiful sinubbcry. In June, 1883, Mr. Kogei-s mari-ied near Beulah, ^lanitoba, I\Iiss ]\laggie C!. Bell, who died in April, ]8!)7, leaving five children. Anna, the eldest child born to this union, became the wife of John Ilellman. She passed away in 1910 and is buried in the Ilumcsville cemetery. Jean married Dyce Jordan, a farmer of Humboldt, Saskiitchewan. Oliver B., makes his home in Beulah. David F., is assisting his father in the coiuluct of the home farm. Maggie B., the youngest member of the family, resides at home. On December 18, 1906. ^Ir. Rogers was again mai'ricd. his second wife being ]Mrs. Ida Benjamin, a daughter of Mr. and .Mrs. John Allen, of Odessa. Ontario. Mr. Kogers supports the liberal party but his entire attention is given to agi'icultural pursuits. For thirty-three years he has been identified with the agricultural development of Brandon county and his activities have been an important factor in expansion. lie is interested in all that pertains to the wel- fare and upbuilding of his locality and his labors have brought him a measure of success which is gratifying, since it is due not only to bis diligence but to his slraightfoi-ward and honorable liusiness methods. DAVID GHAIIAM .McBAl.X. The name of David Graham ^IcBain is inseparably associated with the early development and upbuilding of Winnipeg and the west, and no history of this region would be complete without extended mention of him, for, although a nuui of modest disposition, he possessed strong intelligence and sound judgment and not only contritnited through his own labors to public progress 1nit also through the sound advice which he gave to those who relied upon his opinions. He was born in Valcutchie. (t>ncbec, in 1831, and was of Scotch lineage, his parents coming from Scotland to the new world and establishing their home at Quebec. Taking up the contracting business in his native city, David G. McBain aided in the building of the (Quebec & Gossburg Kailroad and also had timber limits in the north moun- tains. He became familiar with every phase of frontier life. He was a good sportsman and trapper and on his removal to the west brought with him a sufficient number of beaver skins to nudce coats for the family. He arrived in Winnipeg in 1871 and after remaining here one winter, he returned to Quebec, and in 1878 removed his family to this j)rovince. Soon after his ai'rival here he began purchasing different stocks of goods that were for sale and then dis- posed of these, his business enterprise and careful management enabling him to Tuake advantageous .sales. He kept abreast with the vanguard who were the builders and promoters of the city and in various ways left the impression of his ability upon its progress. At the corner of Rupert and I\raiii streets he built one of the first brick veneer buildings of "Winnipeg and he also established one of the fii'st biscuit manufactories of the city, its location being on Higgins ave- nue. After cmliarking in that business he was awai'iled the contract for mak- ing hard-tack for the soldiers in the Northwest Rcliellion. The new enterprise proved a profitable one and he continued in the business for a number of years, after which he sold out and practically retired, purchasing eighty-five acres of land en the east side of the Red river in Kast Kildonan. where he erected a DAVID a. .McBAIN TITP] STORY OF JIAXITOBA 709 pleasant residence and spent the remainder of his days in comfort. Nature gifted him with strong intellectual forces, enabling him readily to become master of every situation and to recognize the opiJortunilits that came with the pass- ing years. His opinions were always souncl, his advice always practical. .Mr. .McBain was married in (^uel)cc to iNliss Hannah Ross, and tiiey became the jjarcuts of si.K children, two of whom. Jessie and E. G. jMcBain, are still living, while Robert, ]\Iamie, Eva and William (1. have passed away. B'or some time the family occupied one of the tii'st residences in Point Douglas, erected by the father, who livecl there until his retirement to the farm. The house is still standing, being now the property' of his son, E. 6. McBain. In matters relat- ing to his city, Mr. McBain was deeply interested and at one time served as alderman of Winnipeg. Other political honors would have been accorded him had he so desired, his friends urging him to bieome candidate for mayor, but he declined. He ])referred not to distract his attention from his liusiness inter- ests and his judicious investments, careful management and unfaltering enter- prise constituted the basis of sul)stantial success. He was sixty-sis years of age when in .March. 181)7, he {)assed away. ERNIE G. McBAIN. E. G. ilcBain, engaged in the real-estate business and in gardening at East Kildonan, was lioi-n in Quebec in 1871 and is a son of David 6. .McBain, of whom mention is made above. With the removal of the family to the west he pursued his education in the schools of Winnipeg and upon attaining his majority became associated with his brother, William G., in the conduct of a ranch at Netley Lake. They carried on the business for about nine years, at the end of which time E. G. McBain returned to the old homestead, since which time he has engaged in gardening and in the real-estate business, buying and selling property. Both interests are pi-oving profitable, for his affairs are care- fully conducted, industry and integrity being the salient features in his busi- ness career. ' In Winnipeg E. G. ISfcBain was married to I\Iiss Naomi Barnes, a daughter of Robert Barnes, who came from Ontai-io to ^lanitoba about thirty years ago. The two children of this marriage are, Eva ilarguerite and Robert Earl, aged respectively eleven and five years, ilr. JIcBain votes with the liberal party and is a public-spirited man, greatly interested in all that pertains to the upbuild- ing and welfare of the district in which practically his entire life has been passed JOHN GLENDINNING. John Gleudiiniing is tlie owner of nine hundri'tl and si.\ty acres of laud located on township 10, range 26, near Virden, where he engages in diversified farming and stock-raising and is meeting with a good measure of success. He is a native of Perthshire, Scotland, his bii-th occurring in the month of October, LSfit), and a son of William and Goi-stina Glendinning. His father continues to make his home in Scotland but the mother died on February 28, 19i;j, and is buried in Kihvinver, Argylshire. Tlu" boyliooresent farm, for twelve years, bringing it to a high state of cultivation. Each 710 THE STORY OF :\IAXIT015A year witnessed a inafkftl iMi])roveiiieiit in tlie plaee. on which he ereeted a liriek veneer resiiienee, sulistantial harns and outl)uihiings and introtlueed about the l)reniises many modern eonvenieuees. About eiglit years ago lie extended the boundaries of his plaee by the purchase of adjoining hind until his holdings comprised nine hundred and sixty acres. Four hundred anil fifty acres of this has been brought to pi'oductivity and he has harvested from it as much as seven thousand liuslicls of grain in one season. In connection with the cultivation of ins tieliis, Mr. (jlleiidinning engages in raising high-grade stock, making a specialty of Clydesdale horses. He always keeps about twenty head of cattle and twenty-five hoi-ses in adtiition to other stock. In the development of his l)laee he has manifested much foresight and intelligence and is now the pos- sessor of one of the model farms of the eomnuniity. His achievement has not been easy, but is the result of long years of toil, early and late, well organized methods and intelligently directed effort — the usual price paid for success in any line of activitj'. In (tlasgow, Scotland, on the loth of June, 1892, Mr. Glendinuing was niar- rieil 1o Miss Corstiua Robertson, a daughter of John Robertson, of Perthshire, Scotland. Of this marriage have been l)orn three children: William, Tina and John, all of whom are attending school. The family are consistent members of the Presbyterian church, of which .Mr. Glendinning is one of the otiRcers. Although he takes an active interest in all political affairs, he has never identified himself with au.y one party, but gives his support to such candidates and measures as seem to him best adapted to for- ward the interests of the people. He is public-spirited in matters of citizenship and heartily indorses every worthy enter{)rise, his cooperation being enlisted by all movements wliicli he feels will forward the welfare of the comnuinitv. ROBERT Mcdonald. Robert McDonald has lived in Manitoba since he was fourteen years of age and for many years has been carrying on mixed farming upon a tract of three hundred and twenty acres in township 17. range 24. near Kelloe. He is a resourceful, able, progressive and enterprising agriculturist and these (jualities have been potent elements in liis success. A native of Ontario, ^Ir. .McDonald was born in Bruce township, Bruce county, Decend)er 2.5, 1865, and is a son of Robert and Annie JIcDonald. The father was a pioneer in ^lanitoba. After Ids arrival he took up a homestead claim which he brought to a high state of cultivation before his death, which occurred June 20, 1904. He was one of the most popular men in this part of the province and his life in all of its relations was distinguished by high integrity and sincerity of purpose which dominated and intiuenced his entire career. His wife passed away July 20, 1906, and i.« buried beside her hus})aiid in ]\IcLean cemetery. In the ac(|uiremeiit of an education Robert ^McDonald attended the district schools of his native section, laying aside his books at the age of fourteen. In 1879 he left Ontario and came to .Manitoba, where he worked upon various ranches in the employ of others for about sixteen .vears. When he liegan his independent career he bought three hundred and twenty acres in township 17, range 24, and has since devoted his attention to its management and develop- ment. Every department of his farm is carefully looked after and everything about the place kept in excellent condition, showing plainly the care and labor of the owner, who is an able, experienced and progressive agriculturist. He does mixed farming, keeping fine herds of cattle, hoi-ses and swine. From time to time he has made .substantial improvements upon the property and now lia.s excellent farm buildings, an attractive residence and every variety of modern machinery to facilitate the work. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 711 On December 14, 1898, Mr. McDonald marrii-d ^liss Jessie MeLean, a daugh- ter of Captain Allan MeLean, ol' wlioni further mention is made elsewliere in this work. Mr. and Mrs. McDonald have four children: Hugh Allan, who is attending high school at Shoal Lake; Katie and Annie, who are attending seliool; and Ellen. JMrs. ^leDonald has snpplemented her husband's work in the fields by her capable management of her household affairs and has aided him materially in various important ways, her efforts having been one of the chief fa<-toi's in his success. She has ever shown hei-self a faithful and loyal wife, a devoted and careful mother, and her many fine (pialities of heart and character have gi'eatly endeared her to a large circle of friends. ROBERT FERN LYONS. High in the list of those who have conti'ibuted toward the agricultural, com- mercial and political development of Norfolk county, stands the name of Robert Fern Lyons of Cai'beri'y, who has been reelected to the provincial pai'iiament four times in succession, having lii-st become a meml)er of that body in 1802. His is a very active life as in addition to his official duties he is a large operator on the stock exchange, and is one of the most extensive agi'iculturists ami stock- men in this district. Mr. Lyons is a native of the province of Ontario, his l)irth having occurred in Leeds county on the 1st of July, 1856, and is a son of IMichael and Anne (Gardner) Lyons. The father was one of the prominent inonet>rs of Leeds county, where he engaged in agricultural pursuits in connection with wliich for many years lie also conducted a general store. He lived to atfain the advanced age of eigiity-five years, his death occurring in September, 1911, while the motiier, who was eighty-two at the time of her demise, passed away in Api'il, 19(18. Both were laid to rest in the Carberry cemetery. The Lyons family is of Irish extraction but they have long been residents of Canada, having located here in the year 1800. Robert Fern Lyons exemplifies the spirit of enterprise and diligence which characterizes the west and constituted the dominant factor in its rapid devel- opment. His boyhood and youth were passed amid an environment conducive to the development of these (pialities which unite in ci-eating the true ])ioiieer — the man who can subdue the wilds and through his inherent force and power doiuinate eleiiiental conditions. As a youth he was given such advantages as fall to the lot of the average farmer lad, his education being pursnied in the local public schools and the grammar school at Farmersville, Ontario, until he was fifteen years of age. He then began qualifying himself for the heavier respon- sibilities of life and for three years thereafter worked in his father's store and also on the farm. When he was eighteen he left home and went to .\thens. Ontario, where for two years he clerked in a general stoi-e. At the exitii'ation of that time he went back home, and I'emained until he came to .Manitoba in 187!t. Very shortly aftei- his arrival here he took up a homestead and he also established a genei-al store on the jilains. dividing his energies between the two. When the town of ('arl)erry was platted he and a -Mr. Wise i)urchased the first two lots sold in the business district on which they erected a building for a department store. They put in a large stock of general groceries, dry goods, boots, shoes and drugs, and by their al)le management of this enterprise con- tributed largely towai'd the i)rogress and development of the settlement. In 1888, .Mr. Lyons sold his interest in the store in order to give nioi-e attention to the other activities with which he was identilifd. l''or many years thci-eal'tcr he was the largest ()|>eratoi' on the stock exchange, dealing extensively in grain and live stock, and in addition he was cultivating his large ranch. Of recent years he has not exported so nnich grain nor has he dealt .so heavily in stock, but he is still engaging in agricultural pursuits, and annually plants eight hun- dred acres of his large ranch to grain. He holds the title to about twentv-seven 712 THE STORY OF MANITOBA huiulu'd jurt's of land, sixtwn hundred of which is in the Carlu'rry distriet. and hiTc in coniiei-tion witli the cultivation of his liclds he is raising high-grade stock. His land was all in a wild state when it canie into his ]>ossession. hut the greater i)ortion of it has been hrougiit to liigii iiroiluctivity. His homestead is one of the most attractive and highly inii)roved properties of the district, being provided with every modern convenience and comfort it is possible to have in the country. In 1896, he erecteil his present residence, one of the finest in the district, and in keeping with everything else about the place. Mr. Lyons is a man of far more than average versatility and ability as is evidenced by the capable manner in which he has directed his own interests and is looking after those of the district he represents. He acts ([uickly, yet is not impulsive but carefully weighs and considers all of the possibilities contingent ui)on any undertaking, his entire force being systenuitically directed toward the achieve- ment of a definite puri)ose. His tine discernment ami ability to recognize and quickly analyze possibilities as well as readily discriminate lietwcen the relative values of a business advantage have been of invaluable assistance to him in his official career as in his private life. Mr. Lyons is always read}' to support any woi'thy public enterprise or encourage any local iiuhistry he feels will advance the general welfare of the community. He is one of the stockholders in the Lone Pine Gold Mining & Milling Company, Limited, and is first vice president of the coi'poration. At AVinuiiieg on the 20th of April, 1888, Mr. Lyons was marrird to Miss Jennet Hume, a daughter of Thomas Hume, formci'iy of Hamilton, Ontario. Of this marriage were borri four children: Robert Ross, who is a banker at Deloraine. .Manitoba; John Wesley Blake, who is assisting his father; and Ivan Lome and Jennet Josephine, who are attending school. Mr.s. Lyons passed away on the 21st of September, 1901, and was laid to rest in the Carherry cemeterj'. In religious faith ^Ir. Lyons is a ^Methodist, and fraternally he is a ]\Iason, having taken the degrees of the chapter. His political allegiance he accords to the conservative party, giving his umnudified supjiort to its men and measures. ^Ir. Lyons has exerted an immeasuralile induence in the community where he has long resided and those who know him entertain for him the highest respect as a business nuiu, private citizen and public official, in all of which he has man- ifested qualities which prove him to be a man of sound principles, honorable motives and rare personal worth RICHARD E. GUNN. Richard E. Gunn, real-estate and financial broker, has for the past eight years been successfully engaged in business as the senior member of the firm of Gunn & Batten, of Winnipeg. His birth occurred at Almonte, Ontario, on the 2d of August, 1869, his parents being George and ;\Iary E. Gunn, who were likewise natives of Ontario. The father was of Scotch and the mother of Irish descent. In 1875 the family came to JIanitoba, locating at Green Ridge, just €ast of Dominion City, where George Gunn devoted his attention to farming. He died from exposure after losing his way in a terrific storm that occurred during his second winter here. Richard E. Gunn. who was the seventh in order of birth in a family of ten children, obtained his early education in the public schools of Ontario and later in .Manitoba. After putting aside his text-books he turned his attention to general agricultural pursuits, following farming near Green Ridge until twenty-three years of age. In 1893 he came to Winnipeg and entered the serv- ice of the street railway company, being thus employed until 1897. Subse- quently he acted as collector for a loan company for a period of five years and during the year 1903 sers'ed as treasurer of the Great West Permanent Loan Company. He was afterward made manager of the real-estate department of HICIIAUI) K. CINX THE STORY OP MANITOBA 715 the Canada Brokerage Company, serving in that capacity for eight months or until the present business was established in 1904. In October of that year he formed a partnership with R. ]\I. Batten, under the tirm name of Guun & Bat- ten, for the conduct of a general real-estate business, and the relation has been maintained with iinitual plpasure and profit to the present time. They are head agents for "Windsor Park, which in large measure owes its development and upbuilding to their alile efforts. In 1894 ^Ir. Gunu was united in marriage to iliss Calista I'ost, of Dominion City, Manitolni, who had been a teacher in the public schools for four years. They have four children, namelj' : Theodore Gordon, Etkel Beatrice, Hazel Irene and Lewis Leslie. Mr. Gunn is a liberal in politics and is now serving as eouucillor and school trustee in St. Vital. He belongs to the Canadian Clul) and fraternally is identi- fied with, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Ancient Order of I'nited Workmen. Hoth lie and his wife are ^Methoilists in religious faith and in former \-ears taught classes and took an active inirt in Sunday school work. ^Ir. Guiui has always taken a deep interest in church affairs and was formerly a member of Wesley church but since taking up his abode in Windsor Park has been connected with the Young Methodist Episcopal church as is also his wife. He acts as trustee aJid is also on the qimrterly official Iward of that church. He takes great pleasure in driving and always keeps a good horse. In all the rela- tions of life he has stood as a man among men. accei)tiiig no false standards, holding to high ideals and exemplifying his sympathy with the world's jjrogress ill his own life. THOMAS II. JOILXSOX, .M. .M. P. Thomas II. Johnson, sitting for the constituency of West AVinnipeg in the prosincial parliament and successfully engaged in the general practice of law at Winnipeg, was born in Iceland, on the 12th of February, 1870, a sou of John and Margaret Johnson, who were also natives of that country. In 1878 Thomas II. Johnson came to Winnipeg, where he continued his studies in the pulilic schools, eventuallj' becoming a high-school student. He also continued at the Collegiate Institute here and later entered Gustavus Adolphus College at St. Peter, ^liimesota. He was graduated therefrom in 1895, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and the same year returned to Winnipeg, where he was articled as a law student, having in the meantime secured a liberal literary educa- tion to serve as a foundation upon which to build the superstructure of liis ])i'ofessional career. Entering the office of Judge Richards, he was ealled to the bar in June, 1900, and began iiraetice, remaining alone until 1903, when lie formed a jiartiiership with S. J. Rotliwell. This tirm subse(|iieiilly liccame Rotiiwell. Johnson & Hergman, liy the advent of II. A. Bergman, and more recently the style of the firm has lieeii changed to Rothwell, Johnson, Berg- man & McGhee, with offices in 811 JlcArthur liuilding. In this connection Mr. Johnson is now engaged in general practice and is recognized as an able and learned lawyer. An excellent presence, an earnest manner, marked strength of <'liaracter, a thorough grasp of the hiw and the aliility to aeeiirately apply its jiriiieiples make him an efl'eetive and successful liarrister. .Mtlioiigli a \()iing man. his public service, too, entitles him to consideration. For four years he served as a member of the Winni]H'g school lioard and cliam- juoiied many measures for the benefit of the educational system here. His political allegiance is given to the liberal party anllington county, May 11, 1846, and is a son of James and ilargaret Findlay, of whom extended mention is made elsewhere in this work. In the acquirement of an education Charles Findlay attended public school in Salem, Ontario, but laid aside his books at the age of fourteen in order to assist his father in the work of the farm. He is entirely a self-made man, who owes his prosperity and progress to his own well directed labors and unfalter- ing determination. This the history of his career will plainly show. When he left school he worked for his father for some time, learning the details of pi-ac- tical agriculture, and in 187!) came as a pioneer into ]\Ianitoba and liecame the first settler in what is now township 17. Here he took up a homestead and pre- emption claim, for much of the land was still in possession of the government. All around him stretched unbroken prairie, there being only one house between his farm and ]\Iinnedosa. With resolute courage and splendid determination ^Ir. Findlay faced the task of improving and develoi)ing his propei-ty. bringing the land under the plow and planting his grain. At first he met with hard- ships and reverses, losing numy of his crops by frost and fire, but gradually his work was rewarded by success. In 1883 he added a second homestead and pre- emption claim to his holdings, which now aggregate two thousand and eighty acres, and from time to time he made substantial improvements, building a fine residence, barns and outbuildings. He has steadily adhered to the method of mixed farming and has been rewarded for his energy and determination by fine harvests of grain annually, which is threshed by his own machine. He is like- wise extensively interested in stock-raising, keeping forty head of cattle, thirty- eight head of horses and other .stock. He has today a well improved jn-operty, indicating in its neat and attractive appearance the careful supervision of the owner. In Salem. Ontario, on the 6th of October, I860, 'Sir. F'indlay maii'ied ili.ss ]\Iagdalena Eby, a daughter of ^Ir. and Mrs. Jacob H. Eby, both of whom have passed away and are buried at Waterloo, Ontario. ^Irs. Findlay has aided her husband all during his life, sharing with him hardships and privations, and her steady confidence and determination have been a forceful element in his success. They had seven children: Jacob B., who is engaged in farming at Kelloe. on the second claim his father took up; Agnes, who died at the age of eighteen' years and is buried in Shoal Lake; Stanley, who follows farming; Ella, residing at home; Irwin, who is assisting his father; Allan, who is at present in British Columbia ; and Ross, who also assists his father. Mr. Findlay is a member of THE STORY OF MANITOBA 717 the Presbyterian t'liiiri'li and i)olitically is affiliated with the liberal party. lie has been eoiinty eouncilor and for the last twenty-five years has servi'd as assessor. lie is also well known as secretary and treasurer of the Grain Growers Assoeia- tion. For over thirty years he has lived near Siioal Lake and is one of the few men who have so long witnessed its growth and development. Throughout the entire period he has made his home upon the farm, which is his place of residence today and from time to time has given hearty eooperation to measures for the public welfare. This section owes its development to such men, who have dared to face the hardships of pioneei' life and have reclaimed the region for purjioses of civilisation. JOHN G. BARRON. Progressive farming in all its aspects finds a conspicuously successful repre- sentative in John (i. Barron, a pioneer in Manitoba and one of the most exten- sive landowners and prosperous agriculturists of Norfolk county. His large farm of sixteen hundred acres, part of which he ac(|uired in homestead and preemption claims, lies on sections 12, 7, 13, 11, Ifi and 35, in township 11, and by bis able nianiigement of its various departments he has gained a place among the men who iutluenee methods and estalilisli standards of agricultural develop- ment. Mr. Jiarroii is the son of a i)ioneer in Ontario and was himself the first settler in this part of Manito])a. He was born in Waterloo county, Ontario, October 27, 1850, a son of John and Jane Barron, both of whom have passed away. The father came to Canada in 1850 and was among the earliest settlers in Waterloo, Ontario. For some years he farmed in that vicinity and also followed the jirufession of a veteriiuiry surgeon. He did arduous work wresting tile land fi-om the busii and in other ways aiding in the reclamation of his sec- tion of Ontario from the wilderness. When he first settled in the province he worked for twenty-five cents a day, burning lime and working in the bush, but before his death, became prosperous and successful in his chosen efforts of activity. He was well known as a stanch supporter of liberal doctrines but would never accept public office. John G. Barron received his education in the public schools of Waterloo comity and laid aside his books at the age of eighteen. He had attended school only in the winter months as bis summers were spent assisting his father in the work of the farm. He remained with his parents until he was twenty-six years of age and then was employed upon a neighboring fai-m for .some time. In April, 1878, he came a.s a jiioneer to ]\Ianitoba and took up home- stead aiul preemption claims in Norfolk county. He was the first settler in this part of the 5)rovince, having established his residence here before the railroad reached Norfolk county, and his career has been intimately connected with the development of the section. The hardships of his early life were not eon- fined to the arduous three weeks' .journey from Ontario to Manitoba, but con- tinued as very real facts for many years after his settlement here. When he wished his plowshare shai-pened he was obliged to go with it to Portage la I'rairie. All the work of the farm was done with oxen, the crops were often frozen and many other discouraging conilitions of pioneer life had to be met with and con(|uered. With resolute energy ]\lr. HaiTon applied himself to the development of his property and was finally rewariled with substantial success. To his first holdings he added stiadily from tiiiu' to time until lie owns sixteen hundred acres of tlu' finest land in .Manitoba. I'pon this property he does mixed farming and is also extensively interested in stoek-i'aising, having the distinc- tion of being the first breeder of Shorthorn cattle in this ])art of .Manitoba. No modern imi)i'ovement in buildings or machinery is lacking from his farm, wiiieh is a splendid example of a thoi-oughly ei|ui|>ped. model agricultural enterprise of the tweiUiclli centui-y. Its excellent condition is due largely to the care and skill of its owner, who is an able, practii'al and experienced farmer. 718 THE STORY OP MANITOBA Jlr. Barron married on tlie Canadian prairies on December 23, 187!), IMiss Ellen Hope, a daughter of ^h: and Mrs. George Hope, also pioneere in ^Ianitol)a. Mrs. Hope died in 11)00 and is buried in Carberry, wliere her husband resides. Mr. and ]Mrs. Barron have eight eliildren : John G., Jr.. wiio is an engineer: George II.. who I'olhiws the carpenter's trade: Jennie, a graduate of the liigli school and a nurse at St. Boniface's nos|)i1;d: Jessie, who is also a professional nui'.se : Winine, wiio is a gratluate of tlie high school and a teacher in tiie Carberi'v public schools: Isal)e!ie, who is a student in college; Alexandri'. who attends tiie Alanitoba Agricultural College; and Walter, who is a student in tlie public schools. .Mr. Barron is a liberal in his political beliefs and has served as alderman for the past six years, doing conspicuously able work in this capacity. Fraternally he belongs to the Canadian Order of Foresters and is past junior warden of Carberry Lodge, No. 29, A. P\ & A. ]\I. The i)ioneer history of .Manitoba <-on- tains the reconls of many sturdy, fearless and entcriu'ising men who by their arduous work and labor blazed the way for coming generations. "Slv. Barron is prominent among them for he wrested from the wilderness a model, up-to(l;ite and thoroughly equipped farm and by his methods and his success established a standard of attainment which will influence the agricultural development of the section for manv vears. WILLIAM B. CHISHOLM. For more than thirty-five years William B. Chisholm has been successfully identified with agricultural development in the district aroimd Norfolk, where he owns six hundred and forty acres of land located in the vicinity of Petrel, in town- ship 12, range 15. He was born in Glengary county. Ontario, in January, 1850, and is a son of Alexander and Jessie Chisholm. The father, who was a pioneer farmer of that vicinity, passed away in 1863, and was laid to rest in the Glen- gary cemetery, where the mother, whose death occurred in 187!), was likewise buried. The early life of William B. Chisholm was passed in his native county, where he was given the advantages of a common school education and a.ssisted his father with the cultivation of the home farm until he had attained his ma.iority. The succeeding five years were spent in the lumber woods, following which he came to ^Manitoba. During the first four months of his residence here he worked in the Silver Allen mine, but at the expiration of that time he obtained emi)loy- ment on the railroad. In 1876, he went to Winnipeg and worked for the Cana- dian Pacific Railroad for a year. At the expiration of that time he turned his attention to ranching and filed on his present homestead, in the cultivation of which he has ever since engaged. This section of the province was but sparsely settled at that time, and there was not a house west of him for thirty miles. He encountered many obstacles and discouragements during the first years, but he had unlimited confidence in the ultimate success of his undertaking and per- sisted in his purpose. As his circumstances permitted he added to the value of his property by the addition of new improvements, and now holds the title to one of the best ranches in the vicinity. His entire tract is fenced, he has erected substantial buildings on the place and brought his fields into a iiigh state of productivity. He engages in diveivsified farming and stock-raising and is numbered among the capable and prosperous agriculturists of his com- munity. -Mr. Chisholm was married at Ontario, on the 20th of ilarch, 1875, to ]\liss Isabella ^McCray, a daughter of William !McCray, a well known pioneer agricul- turist of Ontario. To Mr. and 3Irs. Chisholm were boi-u eight children : Alex- ander, who died in infancy; Jlinnie, who is residing at home; Jessie, a high school graduate, who is now teaching school; Lillian, who is also teaching: THE STORY OF MANITOBA 721 Norma, a graduate of the higli scliool : and Keiiiirtli, William, Ji-., and Donald, who are attending school. The family are members of the Presbyterian ehureh, and in politics Mr. Chisholm is a liberal. He has always been a harihvoi'kintr man. and hifrhly merits sm-li prosperity as has atteiideil his efforts, as lie is thrifty and diligent in his methods and thoroughly dependable and honest in his business transactions. ja:\ies h. ashdoavn. A distinguished statesman has said: "In all the world the thing supremely worth having is the opportunity, coupled with the capacity, to ilo well and worthily a iiieee of work the doing of which shall be of vital significance to man- kind." Such an opportunity has come to James H. Ashdown and has been utilized to the full. The specific and distinctive office of biography is not to give voice to a man's modest estimate of himself and his accomplishments but rather to leave the perpetual record establishino: his character by the consensus of opinion on the part of his fellowmeu. Throughout Manitoba. James H. xVsh- down is spoken of in terms of ailmiration and respect. His life has been .so varied in its activity, so honorable in its purpose, so far-reaching and beneficial in its effects that it has become an integral part of the histoi-y of Winnipeg and lias left an impress upon tiie annals of the province. He was born in London, iMigland, in 1844. and his parents, William and Jane (Watling) Ashdown, were Tiatives ami residents of the mother country until the early '50s, when the family emigrated to Canada. For a short time they were residents of the township of lOtobicoke, but afterward removed to Weston, where at the age of eleven years James II. Ashdown made his initial step in the business world as a clei'k in his father's store. Subsecpiently the father took up a liush fai'm in the couiity of Hrnce and the boy shared in the arduous task of developing the fields in the midst of the forest. He aided in cutting down the tindier and clearing away the brush and in the later task of ]ilowing. planting and harvesting, but. thinking tliat he would find other pursuits more congenial than the work of the fields, he entered the employ of ]Mr. Zyrd, of Hespeler, when eighteen years of age and learned the tinsmith's trade. He afterward crossed the border into the United States and worked at different times at his trade in Chicago and in Kan- sas. A desire to know something of the country and a love of adventure led him to come to ^Manitoba when this was still a wild and unimproved region. He ari'ived in the Ked River settlement on the 'M)Ui of June. 1S(JS, and the first winter was s])ent in cutting tind)er in tlie woods of the Assiniboine. Ilis family strongly urged him to return to Ontario, but he had become imbued with strong faith in the future'of ]\Ianitoba and steadfastly refused. In Septendier, 1869, ilr. Ashdown began his career as a merchant in Winni- peg. At that time he purchased a small hardware business from one I^loser, which was then carried on in the i-ear of a lifpior store at the corner of .Main and Portage streets. This was the bumlile beginning of a business that has grown under the management and direction of the founder, until it has become the laigest in its line in the Dominion. The business was, soon after Mr. Ashdown took hold of it, removed to Ijombard street. About this time in Manitoba's his- tory, because of his allegiance to the central government, he was one of those who suffered imprisonment at the hands of Riel, being incarcerated from the KHli of December until the following ]March. This enforced absence from his business necessitated its suspension for the time being. The growth of the business soon rei|uired larger (luarters, and in 1S71, it was removed to the north- west corner of Main and Hannatyne streets, where tlie retail store has ever since remained, now occui>yirig three floors and basement of the Asiidown Iniildiug. The location and adxantage of Winnipeg as a jobbing eenter caused .Mr. Ash- 722 THE STORY OF MANITOBA down, early in "liis career, to take care of a considerable volume of wholesale business, which grew rapiill.v. Subsequentl.v it was established on Bannatyne street, corner of Rorie. where from time to time larger (juarters became neces- sary until the present structure, two hundred and twelve by one hundred and thirty-five feet of six stories and basement, becanu' necessary. This liuildiui;. with its superior consti-uctiou. advantageous arrangement and uusuri)a.sscd switching facilities, is without an e(|ual in the wholesale trade of Winnipeg. In 1902 the combined business was iiu-oi'porated as liie J. II. Aslulowii liardwai-i' Company, Limited. With the rapid giowth of the western country, braniii houses were established, so that in addition to the original retail and wholesale business in Winnipeg, the company also have wholesale and retail stores in Calgary and a wholesale store at Saskatoon, and it has become the largest busi- ness of its kind in Canada. J. II. xVshdown. the founder of the Inisiness. is the president and executive head. The J. II. Ashdown Hardware Company is one of the foremost commerciid houses in Canada, in any line, and none enjoy any higher reputation for commercial integrity and business honor. This reputa- tion can be said to luive grown up with the house, whose founder has had luucli to do with the shaping of its business policies. AVhile a man whose attention and application to business has been close and constant, i\Ir. Ashdown has done his full share as a public-spirited citizen, and borne well his full portion of civic responsibilities. Shortly after the creation of the province of ^Manitoba, he was appointed a justice of the peace, tilling the position at a time when it required not ouly sound judgment, but individual courage. Since that period ^Ir. Ashdown has made continuous advancement as a leader in public affairs, working at all times with a singleness of purjiose, his object being not only the improvement of the city of his adoption, but the advancement of the interests of western Canada as well. He was chairman of the committee which secured incorporation for the city of Winnipeg, and he has long been an active and intiuential member of the Board of Trade, serving as its president in 1887 during the agitation of what was called the Disallowance Question, the most important and vital problem that has yet arisen for solution in the west. lie was largely instrumental in promoting the agitation leading to a successful solution of the question. As a iiolitical leader, Mr. Ashdown is well known and has left the impress of his individuality upon important civic measures and interests. He served for two or more terms on the city council and as mayor during the years of 1907 and 1908. His nomination for reelection was by acclamation. It was his recognized loyalty, combined with business ability, that led to his election to the office of chief executive of Winnipeg by constituents who desired to place the financial condition of the city on a proper business basis. He succeeded in accomplishing this mission and also in introducing various other needed re- forms and imjtrovements. His labors in behalf of freight rates have been resultant, and he has sui)]K)rted with ecjual ai-dor and loyalt.v other issues tend- ing toward the advancement of eonniiercial interests in general. His political allegiance was originally given to the conservative party, but close and discrimi- nating study of the situation and of the leading ((uestions of the day led him to ally himself with the liberal party, of which he is now a stalwart champion. He has been chairman of the harbor commission since its organization, and in other public relations has labored effectively for the cause to be advanced. At the same time Mr. Ashdown has figured in financial circles as a director of the Northern Crown Bank, the Northern Trust, the Northern ^lortgage Com- pany and as president of the Canadian Fire Insurance Company. In these •connections he bends his efforts to adnuuistrafive direction and executive con- trol, and his sound judgment and keen insight constitute elements of progress and success in connection with those corporations. Few men have realized more fully their obligations to their fellowmen. In the first place, i\Ir. Ashdown has an interesting family circle. He was married THE STORY OF MANITOBA 723 in 1876 and is the fatluT of I'oni' children: Lillian; Florence, who married Dr. C. B. Bannini^, and their only ehild is AVilliain; Harry C; and Louise. While his family lias ever been first in his thought and attention, he has yet found opportunity to assist in many ways toueiiing the general interests of society. He is president of tiie Children's Aid Soeiety and has long been an active and earnest worker in the Young Men's Christian Association, contribut- ing most generously toward the ei-eetion of its building. He is now serving as chairman of the building eomnnttee as well as on the advisory board. He was one of the founders of Wesley (College, is cliairinMn of its board and has also been a member of the school board, city hospit.d board and a member of the board of trustees of Grace church for nearly thirty-five years. He belongs also to the ^lasonie fraternity and holds membci-ship in the ^lanitoba club. Mr. Ashdown is a renuirkably well preserved man for one of his long, busy, active life. Keen intellectually, today, his .iudgment on matters of important business or finance carries as much weight as that of any man in Winnipeg. A thorough- ly self-made man, he occupies a foremost j)osition among the strongest financial men of this city. He is a man of retiring nature, who prefers a ()uiet place in the background to the glamour of publicity, but his rare aptitude and ability in achieving results nuike him constantly sought and often bring him into a prominence fi'oiii wliich he would iiatui'ally slii'iiik were le.ss desiral>le ends in view. JOHN WILTOX. With one exception .lohn Wilton has the distinction of being the tirst settler west of township 17, range 24, in the Kelloe di.strict, and for over thirty years he has been identilied with the progress and uplniilding of this part of .Manitoba. He dates his residence here from 1879, when he secured a government claim, and he has developed from the wild prairie a good farm, upon which he is today residing. A native of Ontario, Mr. Wilton was born in North York, February 21, 1849, and is a son of Samuel and Eliza (Manser) Wilton, the former a native of Cornwall, England, who came from that section in 1831 as a i)ioneer in Ontario. He settled upon a farm near North Yoi'k and thereon resided until his death, which occurred in 1887, when he had almost comi)leted the eight\--lirst year of his age. When he came into the province there was not a house upon the present site of Toronto and he was obliged to hew his farm out of the liush. He resided upon his ])roperty for numy y(>Mi's and graduall\- becanu* one of the ])rominent and leading citizens of the locality'. He long survived his wife, who s of his projierty. He later bought moi'e land and continued the work of development along modern lines, gradually ti-ansfoi-ming his six liundi-cd and forty acres into a model farm. He carries on niixcti farming, raising abundant crops of grain annually and keeping seventy-five head of cattle and fourteen horses. 724 THE STORY OF MANITOBA In the Shoal Lake district, on December 18, 1880, ]\Ir. Wilton married Miss Catherine Pearce, a daughter of Ileni-y P. and Catherine (Wliite) Pearce, the latter of whom was born in Ireland. Mrs. Wilton's fatiier was a bandman of the Eiglity-tiftli Kegiment of the p]nglish army and served in South Africa and in the East Indies, where the wife of our sul)ject was liorn. He and his wife are now residing in Shoal Lake. JMr. and ,Mrs. Wilton have become the parents of six children: William H., who is engaged in agricultui-al pui'stuts; Selina Elizabeth, who resides at home; and John Thomas, Charles Earl, Philip J. A. and Emily C. J., all of whom are attending school. ^Ir. Wilton is a devout adherent of the Church of England, and his political views are in accord with the doctrines of the conservative i)arty. By jiersever- ance, determination and honorable effort he has overthrown the obstacles on his path to success and now occupies a position among the pros]>crous citizens of the comnuiuity which the most envious cannot grutlge him, so wortliily ha.'; it been won. SAMUEL J. ROTHWELL. Samuel J. Rotliwell, senior partner in the firm of Rothwcll, Johnson, Berg- man & i\IcGhee, liarristers and solicitors of Winnipeg, is one of the ablest mem- bers of the legal profession in that city. Ilis knowleilge of the law is com- prehensive and e.xact, his analysis clear, his reasoning keen and during the seventeen years of his practice here he has steadily advanced until he now occupies a notable position among the leading lawyers of the city. His birth occurred at Ferguson's Falls, Ontario, in 18G8, his parents being John and Eleanor (Warren) Rotlnvell. The motlier has long since passed away but the father still resides in Ferguson's Falls, where for nmny yeai's he followed the occupation of farming. In public att'airs the father has been prominent and was for an extended period a member of the county council but now lives practically retired, leaving public questions and private business interests to others. At the usual age Samuel J. Rothwcll entered the public schools of his native town and afterward became a student in the Collegiate Institute at Perth, Ontario. For a year he engaged in teaching school and later entered the Col- legiate Institute at Button, Ontario, prior to becoming a student in the Toronto University, from which he was graduated with the class of 18!)1. He disjilayed special aptitude in his studies and won honors in mathematics and philosophy, winning in connection with the latter branch of study the John .Macddnald scholarship. In October, 1891, he heard and heeded the call of the west, making Winni- peg his destination, and here he entered the law office of Perdue & Roliinson as a student. He remained with them for a 3'ear and a half and .subsequently became connected with Hough & Campbell as a law student. Following his thorough ' preliminary reading he was called to the bar in 1895 but through the succeed- ing five years remained with his former preceptors. Hough t^ Cami)l)ell. In May, 1900, Mr. Rothwell joined ilr. Perdue in a partnei-ship under the name of Perdue & Rothwell, which continued until June, 1903, when the senior member went upon the bench. Mr. Rothwell was then alone for a few months but in October formed a partnership witii Thomas II. Johnson, with whom he has since been connected. About four years ago they were joined by a former student, II. A. Bergman, under the firm name of Rothwell, Johnson & Bergman, and more recently the style has become Rothwell, Johnson, Bergman & JIcGhee, with offices at 811 McArthur building. The practice of the firm is extensive and of an important character. ^Ir. Rothwell is solicitor for the Hudson's Bay Company, for Lord Strathcona, for the London Canadian & Loan Company, for the Toronto Mortgage Company, for the National Cash Register Company S. J. ROTIIWKLL THE STORY OF MANITOBA 727 antl vai'iousiother corporations. He is financially interested in a numlier of corporations. Few. if an.y, barristers enjoy a hif^hcr standing in the provin- cial liar both for legal aliility of a high order and for the individuality of a per- sonal character which impresses itself upon a community. He is a safe counselor and is strong as an advocate before the courts, where because of his thorough knowledge of the subjects discussed and of the legal principles applicable thereto his addresses are models of clearness and logic. On the loth of .June, 1898, .Mr. Rothwell was married to Miss Kate Whin- erery, a daughter of the late J. K. Whinerery, who was European buyer for Stobart's large wholesah; liouse in Winniiieg. Mr. and Mrs. Rotiiwell are par- ents of live cliildren : Dora ^lay. Lncile Eleanor, James Gerald, William Stan- ley and Keith Whinerery, The first two are students in the normal school. Mr. Rothwell has always been interested in the cause of education and has been secretary of the Winnipeg branch of the Toronto Alumni Association since its organization or for about fifteen years. In politics he is a liberal but not an active party worker. He belongs to both the local organization and the grand lodge of the Knights of Pythias and he holds membership as well with the Carleton and Canadian C'lnbs, while shooting and motoring furnisli him recrea- tion. In religions belief he is an Anglican, being a member of St. Luke's church. As a practitioner before the bar he has made a creditable name and place for himself, winning more than local distinction in a profession wiiicli is open to talent and merit but in which wealth and intiuence avail little or naught. •Ktll.V S. CAMPBELL. John S. Campbell is numbered among the pioneers in the agricultural develop- ment of Manitoba, for he took up a homestead claim near Silver Plains in 187-1, L^pon this property he has resided since that time and has made it one of the finest and most completely equipped agricultural enterprises in the vicinity. Mr. Campbell was born in Cornwall, Ontario. October 18, 1838, and is a son of William and ilargaret (Sutherland) Campbell, both natives of Dornoch, Scot- land. The father followed the tailor's trade in his native country, but when he came to Ontario in 18;57 he took up I'arming and was successful in the culti- vation of a fine tract of land until 1883, when he came to Manitoba and settled in Wiiuiipeg, where his death occurred, Mr. and ^Irs. William Campbell had eigiit ciiiidi'cn, five ol' whom are now living. I iitil John S. Campbell was fourteen years of age he remained upon his father's fai'm in Ontario antl divided his attention between agricultural pur- suits and lumbering. Afterward he bought fifty acres in Victoria county, Ontario, and developed this land for a number of years. He was at the same time connected with the lumber business, running logs to Quebec. In 1873 he came to Manitoba and located in Winnipeg. In 1874 he took up a half section of land as a iiomestead claim in the vicinity of Silver Plains. He continued to reside in Winnipeg until 1881, where he was engaged in business on what was then Post Office street, now Lombard street. He was making improvements on his farm in the meantime and then in 1881, moved to it, and has since steadily carried forward the work of cultivation, making nniny substantial improve- ments from time to time. There is a fine barn upon the property and all the necessar.v outbuildings, besides a modern and well appointeil brick residence. Everything about the farm is ke])t in excellent condition and retlecis the owner's many years of care and laboi-. ^Ir. Campbell married ^liss Janet I're, who lias i)assed away. During the de- cades that he has lived upon his farm, lie lias gradually become identified with many jtiiases of the life of the section. In the early days be was prominent in the atfairs of tiie Presbyterian eliurch. He has held many church offices and is now elder, in otificial circles, too, Mr. Canipbell has become prominent and 728 THE STORY OF MANITOBA im[)oi't 15, in the Norfolk district, pays tribute to the agricultui-al skill and business ability of Colin ^lurchison, one of the highly successful agriculturists of that section. He is a native of Victoria county, Ontario, his birth there occurring on the 1st of February, 1866, and a sou of Peter and l\Iary (ilcCaskill) Murchison. The parents, who wci-e of Scotch extraction, were pioneers of Ontario, whence they removed in 1881 to M;uiitol)a. Here the father acquired the farm our subject now owns, which was then a tract of wild land, and diligently devoted himself to its further improve- ment until his death, which occurreil in 188."). He was laid to rest in the ceme- tery at Cai'liei'ry. In nuUters of citizenship he was public-spirited and was a stanch supi)i)i-ler of the libei-al party in polities. The mother is still living and makes her home on tiie farm with our suli.ject. The early life of Colin ]\Iurchison was passed in very nuu-h the same manner as that of other lads who are reared in the country. In the aci|uirement of an was a man of considerably more than ordinary talent. His early experiences gave him familiarity with the conditions of the country in the west. He had unbounded faith in the future of "Winnipeg and Manitoba, and gave expression to his belief in its future greatness by investing in large tracts of land which have since become very valuable. His strong and forceful character enabled him to meet jind understand life here in its earlier days and to so adapt himself to conditions that he cotdd eon- duct one of the largest and most prolilaiile business of ids lime. He was a splen- did type of the sturdy cla.ss of French Caiuulian eiti/.ens who saw tbi' opj)or(uni- ties of the west and utilized them. As a result of his studious nature, his outlook was being constantly broadened, ami in the various political crises in the his- tory of this province his advice showed him j)o.sses.sed of notable foi'csight and sagacity. His activities as an early trader placed him prominently in business 734 THE STOKY OF MANITOBA cirek's, while his native ahility. sterliiifr woi-tli and pulilic-spirited citzeuship gained for him senatorial honors. lie ])iissed away in Oetoher, lull. Horace Chevrier, the present senior in the firm, was brought to .Manitoba in early boyhood and educated in the schools of Winnipeg. Early in life he entered on his business career, under the direction of his father, and since assuming more responsible relations in his business connections, he has taken a pro!iiineiit position among the capable liiisiness men of Winniiicg. His interests are diversified and extensive, inchuiing industi-ial, tinam-ial. and insurance holdings. He is a member of several imi)ortant diiTctoratcs. A man of good juassed away a .short time before and her grave is in .Miiionte cemeteiy. James Lang received his education in the public schools of his native city and laid aside bis liooks when lie was twelve yeai-s of age. l-'or a N'car and a 736 THE STORY OF MANITOBA half he worked in the woolen mills and then began his apprenticeship as a carpenter. When he had learned this trade he began working as a journey- man and for several years followed this line of occupation in various i)laces. lie came to ^Manitoba in 1877 and here followed carpentering for a number of \c'ars. estal)lishing himself in the contracting and Iniiidiug business in IDUO and building up grailuaily a patronage which places him in the front ranks of progressive business men. On December 12, 1888, Mr. Lang was united in marriage at Almonte to Miss Jennie MePherson, a daughter of ilr. and Mrs. Dougal MePherson, and they became the pai-ents of six children: Edith, who died January 1, 1912, at the age of sixteen, and who is buried in the Brandon cemetery; Ernest, a grocery clerk in Vancouver, British ('olumi)ia : William, night baggageman on the Canadian Pacific Kailroad; Howard, who is a clerk in a hardware store; Ross, who lives at home; and Gladys, who is att(>nding school. The family reside in an attractive home at No. 7(11 Fourteenth street, which ^h: Lang erected. JMr. Lang gives his allegiance to the conservative party but is not par- ticularly active in political affairs. He belongs to the Presbyterian church. The success which he en.ioys is the natural result of his efficiency and his long continued and well directed activity along progressive lines, aided by personal experience and supi)lemcnted by business sagacity of a high order, and his career has been a distinct intiuence ni)on the business growth of Brandon. ALEXANDER W. SHAW. Alexander W. Shaw, having been an important factor in making the plans of the pumping plant of the Brandon water works, of which he has been the su|)er- intendent since 1909, was born in Bolton, Peel county, Ontario, on October 20, 1867. He is a son of Irwin and ^largaret Shaw, likewise natives of Peel county, where the father engaged in farming and also (hvilt extensively in horses, which he sold in the United States and Canada, exporting from one country to the other. Both parents are now deceased, the mother having passed away in 1907 at the age of seventy-two, while the father, whose death occurred in April, 1911, was sixty-six at the time of his demise. They are buried in the cemetery at Brampton, Ontario. The education of Alexander W. Shaw was begun in the public sehools of Alton and continued in those of Brampton, follnwing which he attended a i)rivate school in Toronto, until he was a youth of nineteen years. During the latter period of his stuilcnt days he worked during the summer months as mechanic in Canada and the United States. He also served an apprenticeship at the machinist's trade in the Dominion Agricultural Works for four years. At the expiration of his period of service he took a position with the Canadian Pacific Railroad Company, spending a year in bridge work and at piling. Next he worked in the plant of the Wind Engine & Pump Company at Toronto for a short time. In 1890, he took a position as machinist with the John Doty p]ngine Works, remaining in their employ for two years. At the end of that time he went to Niagara Falls, New York, and assisted in the construction of the Niagara power plant. Recognizing the need of a more comprehensive knowledge of business forms and methods during the year of his residence at that point, he pursued a commercial course in the Caton Business College at Butt'alo and Niagara Falls. Returning to Brampton in 1893, he accepted the position of deputy governor of the Brampton .iail, the duties of which he discharged for five years. In 1898, he went to Oshawa to assume the management of the Toronto Lock Company, but he onl.y remained there a short time and then went to the Poison Iron Works. He began there as a machinist but he proved so efficient and capable that he was promoted to the position of erecting engineer. From there he eame to Brandon on the 1st of June, 1900, and took the position of ■ ^mt ^^^^^^^^BUO/gSj^^^^W ''^^i^^^^^^^^^^^^^H A. \V. SHAW THE STORY OF MANITOBA 739 mechaaic with the Brandon Machine Works, returning to the Poison Iron Works in December, 1900. Three niontlis hiter he accepted the position of chief engi- neer of the pumping station in Brandon, holding this place until the new city water works plant was built, when he accepted the appointment of superin- tendent and chief engineer. Mr. Shaw is also president and a member of the board of directors of the Brandon Sandstone Brick Company, and has acquired some local real estate on which he is making improvements. At Brampton, Ontario, on the 20th of February, 1902, Mr. Shaw was married to i\Iiss Ella ('. Modeland, a daughter of Joshua ilodeland, a pioneer resident of that town and governor of the jail. They reside at McDonald and Twenty- sixth streets in Brandon. Mr. and ilrs. Shaw belong to the Presbyterian church. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias and the Canadian Order of Foresters. He held the chief chair in the latter organi- zation for eight years and is representative to its high court. He is also a mem- ber of the New England and American Water Works Association and the West- ern Agricultural & Arts Association and was a member of the grounds com- mittee of the last organization. He likewise belongs to the Brandon Board of Trade. Although he has pronounced views on political issues. Mr. Shaw does not give his un(iualitied support to any one party but casts his ballot for the candidate he deems best qualitied for the office, irrespective of his political affiliation. ALFRED E. BULLOCK. The building interests of Brandon hnd a worthy representative in the person of Alfred E. Bvdlock, who for nine years has been conducting a general con- tracting business in this city, with offices located at No. 202 Thirteenth street. He was born in AVestminster, England, on the 7th of April, 1871, and is a son of Frederick and ilary (Baker) Bullock. The father, who was a lead and glass manufacturer, passed away in 1909. and was laid to rest in the cemetery at Newstead, England, beside the mother, whose death occurred in 1892. Alfred E. Bullock was reared in a home of comfortable circumstances and given good advantages in his boyhood and youth. In the acfjuirement of an education he attended the commercial and technical schools of England from which he was graduated in 1888. After leaving school he began his business training under his father, with whom he was a.ssociated until 1898. He next became a certified surveyor of the city of London, where he pursued his pro- fession until he came to America in 1903. Upon his arrival in this country he located at Brandon, where he established an office which he has ever since main- tained with a good measure of success. In addition to being thoroughly familiar with every detail of his business, he is a man of practical ideas, which he executes in a skilful and intelligent manner. During the period of his connec- tion with the local building interests he has been awarded many important eon- tracts, including St. JMichael's Academy, the fire hall and the plant of the gas and power company, and he likewise furnished the design for the latter building, which he installed and completed ready for o]>eration. His specialty is the construction of pultlic buildings in which connection his services have not only been extensively sought in Brandon but throughout the province, and the northwest. At the present time he is engaged in the construction of the Park View apartments, the first exclusive apartment building to be erected in the city. It is a fireproof building of thoroughly modern structure and is provided with every appointnu-nt and convenience known to the architect and builder of the present day. London. I^nglaiid, was the scene of .Mr. Bullock's marriage in the month of October, 1893, to Miss Hannah Rogers, a daughter of Mr. and ili-s. John 740 THE STORY OF :\rANITOBA Rogers, both of wlioin are living and continue to make their home in Eughuul. Of this marriage have been born four children: Frederick, who is learning mechanical engineering; Doris M. and ]\Iargaret, students at Collegiate Institute; ami Winnifred. who is attending Park school. Politically .Mr. Pullock is a conservative, while his fraternal relations are eonlined to his membership in the Masonic order. During the jieriod of his residence iu Brandon he has become interested in various local enterprises and is a stockholder in the gas and power company. ^Ir. Bullock is a nmn who is ever open to new ideas, practical in his views and discerning in his judgment, all of which qualities readily won him recognition in the circles of the city's progressive and enterprising business men. lie is one of the enthusiastic mem- bers of the Brandon Connuercial Club, of which he is the president, and is meeting the responsibilities of his official position with the general efficiency lie manifests in anything he undertakes. JAMES KEITH WYE. James Keith ^Vye has lived in the JMorris district for fifteen years, the last twelve of which have been spent as bailiif of the county court, and his name stands in the community for everything which the term good citizenship implies, namely : integrity in business relations, honor in politics, loyalty to established institutions and an effective public spirit. ]\Ir. AVye was born in Ontario, ]March 22. 1846. and is the son of a pioneer in the settlement of the province. His father, John AVye. was a native of London, England, and at the age of twenty-six went to the British AVest Indies in order to settle his father's estate. There he married j\liss Mary E. Joseph and afterward went with his wife to England, where they remained for two years. At the end of that time the family returned to the British West Indies, John Wye having been called there to settle the Dinsley estate. When his business was concluded he char- tered a vessel and sailed for Canada by way of the United States. He landed first at New Haven, Connecticut, and went from there by boat and rail to Brant- ford, Ontario, where he arrived in 1844. among the early settlers in the province. There he began farming, buying land, which he improved and developed for ten years. In 1862 he rented out his property and lived retired until his death. His wife has also passed away. To their union were born nine cliildren : George W., of New York; John H., who is a practicing physician in London, England; jNIaria, the wife of Wilmot Swaisland, of St. Thomas. Ontario; James Keith, of this review; Frances P., who is tht widow of Charles E. Swaisland and resides in Brautford, Ontario; Elizalteth ]\Iary. Celia Isabel and Rebecca J., all of whom reside in Brantford, Ontario; and Alice Emmeline. who has passed away. James K. Wye grew up on his father's farm and after the hitter's retire- ment rented the homestead and operated it until he was thirty years of age. In 1876 he purchased seventy acres of land in the vicinity and developed and improved it for some time, eventually disposing of it in order to go to Simcoe. Ontario, where he remained two years. He then returned to Brantford and spent a similar period in a bank controlled by his brother-in-law. In 1884 he came to Manitoba, where he took up a homestead claim on section 22, township 4, range 18, and followed farming for twelve years. In 1896 he took a band of sheep to St. Andrews and there remained until the spring, when he sold his animals at a profit and went to Crane Lake, Saskatchewan, where for one year he managed a large sheep ranch. In 1897 he came to Morris, where he has since made his home. For tlie last twelve years he has been bailiff' of the county court and in his discharge of the duties of this office has adhered to the practical and systematic methods of work which have made his entire career so distinctly successful. THE STORY OF MANITOBA 741 On January 31, 1872, Mr. Wje was uniteil iu marriage to Jliss Clara Augusta Muirht'ad, and they became the parents of two children. Arthur Nelson was born December 9, 1872, and died in 18!)0. James Harold is associated in busi- ness with W. J. Christy, of Winnipeg. He is married and has one child, Alice Ethel, who is ten years of age. 'Sir. Wye belongs to tlie Episcopal church. lie is prominent in the Masonic order, being chaplain of King Solomon Lodge, No. 8, A. P. & A. M. During the course of his business career he has made many changes in location and interests but it is representative of the quality of his ability that all of these have advanced his success. Since coming to ^lorris he lias gained a high place in the confidence and respect of his fellow citizens because he has effectively proven himself a man of high integrity and of progressive spirit. RICHARD NOONAN. Richard Noouan is associated with his father in the operation of a fine truck farm on Princess avenue in Brandon and has twelve acres of fine land under cultivation. He was born in County Cork, Ireland, August 10, 1874, a son of John and Catherine (O'Riordan) Noonan. The father's success is another example of the value of comprehending and seizing opportunities. He came to America in 1882, settling in JIanitoba at Souris. Being without friends he was obliged to live in a tent hotel at Souris. During the winter which he spent in this way he met with many !iardshii)s, all of which he bore bravely and which only served to strengthen his detenuination to succeed. In tlie fol- lowing spring he came to Brandon and establislied his present business, buying a large tract of land. His business instinct showed the future value of property, some of which he bought at that time for one dollar per lot and none of which cost him more than five dollars. Today he is taxed on thirty thousand dollars worth of farming land and this increase in value has made him one of the ])rosperous and wealthy men of this section. In 1886 John Noonan was joined by his son Richard, of this review, who liad come to ]Manitoba after completing his education in Ireland and together they have worked diligently and intelligently for the accomplishment of their success. As the business grew they made improvements, installing needed equipment and now have a truck farm which is a model for other enterprises of its kind. Richard Noouan served for eight years in the Canadian army and expects to go into the camp in the near future. He is residing at the corner of Twenty-Sixth street and Princess avenue, in a comfortable home which he erected. On October I, 190!), Mr. Noonan was united in marriage to Miss Clara .Miller, a (hiughtcr of IMr. and Jlrs. Thomas j\Iiller, and they have two childr(>n, Harry and Jiicharil, who live at home. He is a conservative in his political atfdiations, but not active as an office seeker, preferring to devote his time to the aft'aii-s of his business which are ably conducted, ranking him among th(> most sub- stantial and representative young business men of the city. W. L. PUCKERING. W. L. Puckering is winning lu'ominence as iiianaLrcr of the ilaple Leaf .Mill- ing Company, Limited, of Brandcm and the success which has come to him in this office is the direct result of special efficiency developed by experience. He was born in Wellington county, Ontario. September 26. 1865, and is a son of IjOvcH and Jane (Parr) Puckering, the former a pioneer farmer of Simcoe county, Ontario. He died in 1SS7, when he was forty-live yeai-s of age. and was 742 THE STORY OF MANITOBA survived hy liis wife until ]i)()9. her deatli oeeurriiijj when she was seventy years old. Botli are buried in lioneywood cemetery, iu Sinieoe county. W. L. Puckering attended the public schools of his native section and laid aside his books when he was seventeen years of age. Previous to that time, how- ever, he had assisted his fatlier during the summer montlis upon the farm and fontimied at tliis occuiiatioii until he began his apprenticeship to the milling busi- ness, with which lie has been identified ever since in various capacities, a period of over thirty years. He lieg.ui his active caivcr in Manitoba as second miller with the (iladstone sidling Company anil remained in that capacity for two years, laying the foundation of his future success by attending strictly to busi- ness and studying conditions and details. His next move was a distinct advance. He was made head miller with the Brown Milling Company at Portage la Prairie and worked in the interests of that concern for ten years before he became identified with the Maple Leaf ]\Iilling Company, Limited. At this time he accepted the position of head miller of this company with the stipulation that he would in time be appointed manager. This ambition was realized in l!)l(l and for three years he has lield that position, his energy-, business ability and special knowledge infiuencing to a great extent the success of the enterprise. On February 7, 1900, at Shelburne, Ontario, ^Ir. Puckering was united in marriage to Miss ]\Iary Fell, a daughter of ^Mr. and ilrs. James Fell, the former a pioneer farmer in that section. To Mr. and Mrs. Puckering were l)orn three children : Eva, who died when she was eighteen months old and is buried in a cemetery at Portage la Prairie; Charles H., wdio is attending school; and ^lary E. The family residence is at No. 620 Fifteenth street. I\Ir. Puckering is a liberal in his politics and has never been active as an office seeker. He belongs to the Methodist church, of which he has been a mem- ber all of his life. His only fraternal connection is his membership in the Independent Order of Foresters. Although he has been a resident of Brandon a comparatively short time he has become prominent and important in inisi- ness circles, holding membership in the Brandon Board of Trade and the Commercial Bureau. He has gained the respect of his associates and those under his charge by reason of his business qualifications and his definite attainments and has won the esteem and confidence of many frientls by reason of his fine qualities of mind and character. MALCOLM H. M.^cLEOD. Malcolm H. MacLeod is general manager and chief engineer of the Canadian Northern Railway, with offices at Winnipeg, and the steps which have brougiit him to his present position of prominence are easily discernible. One of the elements of his growing success is that he has adways been essentially and strictly a railroad man, never di.ssipating his energies over a broad field but concentrating his efforts along this single line of activity. ^Moreover, he knows the business in all of the phases of railway construction and operation, having thoroughly mastered every duty devolving upon him as, year by year, he has worked his way upward. He was born on the isle of Skye, Inverness-shire, Scot- land, July 13, 1857, his parents being John and Euphemia (^MacPherson) ]Mac- Leod. His ancestry possessed the indomitable will, industry and determination characteristic of the people of Inverness-shire, and IMalcolm H. MacLeod seems to have inherited the strong and sterling traits of his Scotch ancestry. With the removal of the family to the United States he acquired his education in piiblic and private schools of Pennsylvania and New York. In 1862 the f.iinily carne to Canada. After pursuing his studies across the ])order ilalcolm H. MacLeod returned to become connected with railway interests, and since 1878 has chiefly operated on this side of the border, being engaged in the location and construction of various railway lines. Like many another man who has M II. M.voLKOD THE STORY OF MANITOBA 745 attained eniinence and sm-i-ess. he .startuil in a Inuuble capacity, working; his way ujjward tlirough the position of axinan. chaiiinian, rodmau. assistant of division, assistant ehiet and snperintending engineer to that of chief engineer, to which position he was called in connection with the construction of the Crow's Nest division of the Canadian Pacific Railway in 1898 aud 1899. He was also superintendent of operation in the same district. He left the service of the Canadian Pacific in the spring of 1900 to accept the position of chief engineer of the Canadian Northern Railway and was subsequently, in July, 1907. ai>pointed general manager and chief engineer of the same road, which position lie still fills. In 189() Jlr. ilacLeod was married to IMiss Enmia Plaw, a native of Ontario, who died in 1897, leaving a son, Malcolm Plaw, who was born in 1897 and who is attending the University school of Toronto, ilr. ]\IacLeod is a member of the ^lauitoba, Carleton and Edmonton Clubs. He possesses a somewhat retir- ing disposition yet those who come within the close circle of his fi'iendship f.nd him very genial, courteous, considerate and kindly. He is deeply interested in the scientific principles which underlie his work, has always read and studied l)i-oadly along those lines and is a member of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineers. He is temperate in all that he does, never rushing into anything from the standpoint of illy advised optimism, yet always active in anything that he attempts. His .iudgment is sound, his discrimination keen and, alert and resourceful, he is ready to meet any emergency. He is fond of manly athletics and outdoor sports. His life, however, has been one of intense activity. He is today one of the best known railroad men in Canada and also has a wide acquaintance in the United States, his genuine worth being appreciated by all who have been brought in contact with him. MRS. MARY .McLEAN. Too much cannot be said of the work done by the pioneers in ^Manitoba, who came to the province in early times, took up homestead claims of government land, developed them into model farms and through years of hardships and privations blazed the way for the coming generations of civilization, and yet their work is equaled in importance and value by that done by their wives and daughters — the pioneer women who faced the discouragements, hardships and dangers incident to the development of a new country with a resolute courage which e(iualed and supplemented that of the men. Prominent in a list of the woTuen of this class is the name of ]Mrs. Mary McLean, widow of Neil McLean, a ^Manitoba pioneer. Since 1889 I\Ii"s. JIcLean has aided in the development of a fine farm near Shoal Lake and since the death of her husband in 1907 has had entire control. In the management of her affairs she has proved herself a cai)able, resourceful and able woman and in the privati' relations of her life a charming anassed away in Salem on September '■]. 1902. She also was ei!rlit\-(nie years of age at the time of licr death. Mr. and ^Ii-s. Dvler have five children: Ainiie, the wife of Alexander .lohnston, a farmer rcsidinsr in Kidloe ; Edward, an electrician in Seattle. Washington; Robert and John, who are assisting their father; and Katie, who has passed her examination for entrance at the Brandon Normal School and who is living at home. .Mr. Dyler is independiid in his political views, voting for the man whom he considers best ((ualiticd foi- tlit> office without being influenced by party con- siderations, lie is interested always in the welfare of the conuniinity and is especially active in school mattci's. having lieen for the jiast nine years school trustee. He belongs to the Kiughts of the Maccabees aiul is a nuunber of the Grain Growers Association. During the years of his residence upon his present 748 THE STORY OF MANITOBA proptTt.y lie has undoiililfdiy coiiti-ilnitt'd his share toward the advaneemciit of modern and seientifie tanning and lias made a most ereditabh' reeord in l)usiness rehitious. His eareer has been that of a man to whom strong pnrpose and huuhible ambition have bronght success and he is today numbered among the progressive and enterprising men of this locality. ROBERT W. BEAMISH. One of the most progressive and enterprising agriculturists of Hauiiota dis- trict is Robert W. Beamish, who owns section 10 of township 14, range 23, which he has been cultivating for more than thirty years. The greater part of Mr. Beamish 's life has been passed amid pioneer conditions, as he was born in Gre.y tow'nship, Wellington county, Ontario, at a time when there were not five acres of cleared land within a radius of ten miles of his father's homestead. His natal day was the 15th of ]\Iay, 1856. and his parents were Richard and ^lary Ann (Reynolds) Beamish. The father, who was a native of Ireland, came to Canada with his parents, who located in Ontario. There he engaged in farming until 1880, when he came to ^Manitoba, where he home- steaded land in three different sections, two of which he brought under liigh cultivation. His last holding was in the section now owned by our subject, and here he and the mother passed the remainder of their lives. Despite the fact that he had attained the age of seventy-eight years when he came to this province, he displayed the energy and enthusiasm in planning and promoting the development of his ranch of one many years his junior. lie was a public- spirited man and took an active interest in all matters pertaining to the progress of the country, giving his political support to the conservative party. At the time of the Fenian raid he volunteered his services, remaining in the ranks until peace was restored. He was a man of sterling worth and integrity, a kind husband and father, loyal friend and exemplary citizen. He had passed the ninety-seventh milestone on life's journey when he passed away and was laid to rest in Ilamiota cemetery, where the mother, who followed him in October, 1905, at the age of eighty-seven years, is also buried. The early advantages of Robert W. Beamish were veiy similar to those of other youths who were reared in the rural sections of Ontario during the pio- neer period. In the acquirement of an education he attended the district schools, during the winter sessions only, until he was sixteen. During the summer months he assisted with the work of the home farm, early becoming familiar with the various processes of tilling the fields and earing for the crops. After leaving school he spent three years in learning the carpenter's trade, which he followed until 1882, being identified with the building interests of Winnipeg during two years of that time. When his father came to the Hamiota district in 1882 he accompanied him, and together they took up the entire section now owned by Ur. Beamish, exhausting both their homestead and preemption rights. The greater part of the work connected with the preparation of the soil for planting, as well as the care of the crops on the entire six hundred and forty acres devolved upon the son, owing to the advanced age of the father. He cared for both of his parents during their latter years, and when they passed away came into the title of their land. His sister, Mrs. William J. Cowen, of Wiiinipeg. shared with him in all the hardships incident to pioneer life. Ever since he fii-st settled on his ranch, Mr. Beamish has devoted his entire atten- tion to its development. Innumerable obstacles and difficulties have arisen during that time to thwart his purpose, but he has continued in his under- taking with the tenacity and determination that invariably pave the way to success in any line of work. When he first located here, the nearest elevator was located at Brandon, a distance of forty miles, and all of their grain had to be hauled to that point. At that period he also did some freighting, hauling the merchandise for one of the local stores, THE STORY OP MANITOBA 751 and at times lie worked at his trade. Jlr. Beamish is cultivating three hundred and fifty aeres of his hind, wliicli has been brought into a high state of produc- tivity and annually yields him al)undant harvests. The cultivation of his fields does not engage his entire attention, as is evidenced by his well stocked paslui'es, Tvhere are to be found some excellent speeiiuens of white-faced Hereford cattle, to which line he is now breeding. His herd numbei-s twenty-five head, five of which are thoroughbreds. He is also raising Clydesdale horses, and his herd of thirty-two contains seven full-blooded animals of this breed. Jlr. Beamish is very proud of his ranch which is splendidly improved and provided with modern appointments. His residenee. which is of concrete veneer, is a large structure designed for general utility and convenience, and surrounded liy a well keiit lawn. Within convenient distance fi'om the house are to be found the various sheds and farm liuildings. including his barn, which without doubt is one of the finest structures of the kind in the district. It was erected at an expense of five thousand dollars, and is provided with every modern appliance designed to lessen the work in caring for the stock with full consideration foi their comfort and general sanitary conditions. Mr. Beamish is thoroughly practical and progressive in his methods, and has spared no expense in his gen- eral farm equipment whieh includes a threshing outfit. His work is carefully planned and organized, and everything connected with the operation of his ranch executed with systematic precision. Xot only is he a skilled agriculturist and successful stock breeder, but he is a business man of more than average capability, as is evidenced by the general appearance of his place, which clearly manifests close supervision and competent direction. In Guelph, Wellington county, Ontario, on the 14th of March, 1900, ^Mr. Beamish was married to ^liss Jennie Armstrong, a daughter of John and F^liza Armstrong. The father was one of the pioneer agriculturists of that section, where he located in 1862. He passed away in 1901, at the age of eighty-four, while the mother, whose death occurred in 1906, was eighty at the time of her demise. He M'as buried in Union cemetery, Museoga, while the mother was interred in Union cemetery at Guelph. They were of Irish extraction, and together had traveled life's pathway for more than fifty years at the time of the father's death. To I\Ir. and Mrs. Beamish have been born four sons, as follows: TTilliard, Lincoln and Douglas, who are attending school; and Richard Nelson. The ]);n'ents are mendicrs of the Methodist chnreh, and the fraternal rela- tions of .Mr. Beamish are confined to his connection witii the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He supports tiie conservative i)aity in jxiliiics anil has served as councillor for the fourth ward. He is j)rogressive and entei'prising in what- ever he undertakes in either public or private life, and is always ready to sup- port any measure, the purpose of which is improvement or the betterment of local conditions. His success, Mr. Beamish attributes to his perseverance, un- swerving juirpose and well defined ])hins of action, all of which have united in numlifi-ing him among the substantial ranchmen and representative citizens of the distr'ict. where he is accorded the respect ever extended to enterprising men of commendable business methods. II. M. JOHNSTON. II. ^1. Johnston owns a well improved fai'm of eight hundred aeres on town- ship 11, i-aiigc IS, near Brandon and is well known as a genei-al agriculturist. He is a native son of this section, boi'ii upon the I'ai'ni which he now opt>rates, April 3, ]S8:^, a son of William and Bariiara i Nelson ) Johnston. His father came to Manitoba in IS.SO and took up a homestead claim of uncultivated land which he improved and develoiied along i)rogressive lines, adding to his holdings from time to time until he owned almost fourteen hundred acres of vo:^ THE STORY OF MANITOBA I'anniiigr land. lie later divided this property aiiioug his children and retired Iroin aetive life. He is active and prominent in the affairs of his section and served for some time with ability and conscientiousness as reeve of the Elton nninicipality. His wife died in 1911 and is buried in the Orange Hall church cemetery at Elton. The family is of old Canadian stock but originated in Ireland. H. M. Johnston received his education at Clinton school, in Elton munic- ipality and laid aside his books at the age of fifteen. His educational advan- tages even during the time of his attendance were limited, as during the sum- mer months he was oliliged to assist his father in the work of the farm. He has given his attention to agriculture since he began his career and is now the proprietor of one of the finest farms in this section of Manitoba. lie started with three hundred and twenty acres and has gradually added to his holdings until he now owns extensive property which is well improved and intelligently developed. There are barns, outbuildings and granaries for the storing of the grain wiiich Mr. Johnston makes a specialty of raising. The land is fenced into convenient fields and every innovation in labor-saving machinery is found upon the pi-operty. .Mr. Johnston married in Hastings. Ontario, January 30, 1912, Mi.ss Emily Bird, a daughter of Mr. and ^Irs. Kobert Bird, the former a prominent pioneer farmer in Ontario. Both reside at Hastings. The family are members of the Methodist church. 'Sir. Johnston is independent in his i)olitical beliefs, voting for the man whom he considers best qualified for the position. He takes an active interest ill tiie progress and advanceiiu'iit of ?iIaiiitoba and does his best to promote its development in an agricultural way. He is ambitious to be scientifically effi- cient and is in touch with the latest, developments in systematic fanning. For a number of years he attended all the jilowing matches in this section and won a number of first prizes. During the seven years in which he has cultivated his present farm he has taken an active and helpful part in the work of improve- ment and progress which has been carried forward along various lines. Although still a young man he has directed his labors so successfully that he is clas-sed among the prominent farmers of p]lton inunii'ipality and has made his [)rogres- sive and expert labors the basis of a well deserved prosperity. AXGUH R. iMcDONALD. Angus R. McDonald is carrying on mixed farming and stock-raising iipiiii four hundred and eighty acres of land in township IS, range 24-, near Shoal Lake, and his business ability, good .iiidgment and sound disci-iminatioii are seen in the excellent results which have attended his labors. He dates his residence here since 1882 and in the intervening years has made many substan- ti;d imin'ovements upon his property, which is toda.v one of the finest in this locality, ilr. ilcDonald is a native of Ontario, born in Bruce townshii), Bruce county, November 5, 1862. His parents were Robert and Annie (.McDonald) -McDonald and his father was a pioneer in Ontario, having come to that province from his native Scotland at an early date. He came to ^lanitoba in early times and took up a homestead claim, which he brought to a high state of cultivation liefore his death, whicli occurred June 20, 190-1. He was laid to rest in tiie -Mclican cemetery in this district. In all the relations of his life he was upright, straightforward ;ind honorable, lieiiig a loyal citizen, a good husband and father, and he made his name honored and respected wherever it was known. His wife survived him two years, dying July 20, 19()(i. She is Iniried besitle her husband. In the acquirement of an education Angus R. ilcDonald attended school in Bruce comity, Ontario, pursuing his studies during the winter months and assisting his father in the work of the farm during the summers. He definitely THE STORY OF MANITOBA 753 laid aside his booijs at the age of eighteen and afterward assisted in the man- agement of the homestead. In 1882 he took up a claim of bluff land in town- shij) 18, range 24, near Shoal Lake, upon which he has been residing sinee that time. When he moved upon this property not an aere of it had ever been under the plow and the entire traet was covered with brusli and scrub. Acre by acre iMr. -McDonald brought under the plow, but even after the work was well liegun he encountered many ob-stacles and hardsliips. For four successive years his crops were frozen and he was obliged to depend upon the sale of his stock for any income at all. He faced the hard conditions of life with confidence and courage and was gradually able to make suljstantial improvements upon his property, erecting a tine residence, barns and outbuildings. Two hundred and forty acres of his property are under cultivation and yield him annually aljund- ant harvests. Besides this he has fine herds of cattle and horses, which com- ma lul a liigh price and a steady sale on the market. In Shoal Lake, on the 24t"h of April, 18!)4, Mv. .McDonald married Mi.ss jMargaret Smith, a daughter of John D. and Rachel (McDonald) Smith, the former a pioneer farmer in this district. JMrs. ilcDonald's mother died in 1880 and is buried in "Winnipeg. Mr. and Mrs. McDonald became the parents of six children: Robert J., who is assisting his father; James, who also assists his father; Angus D., a pupil in the Shoal Lake high school; John and Arciiibald, l)Oth of whom are attending tlie district school; and Rachel. Mr. .McDonald gives ins allegiance to the liberal party. He is a devout adherent of the Presbyterian church and is highlj- esteemed in the conununity. He is an active, progressive and prosperous farmer, a man of good Inisiness ability antl enterprise and of unquestioned integrity, enjoying in an unusual degree the confidence and esteem of his many friends. ROBERT MILLS SIMPSON, .M. D. Nowhere upon the North American continent is the name of Roliert .Mills Suupson unknown to the medical profession. For two decades or more he has been recognized as one of the foremost medical practitioners in the province of Manitoba and his name has come to stand as a synonym for the higher profes- sional ethics which are reaching out not for connnercial gain but along research lines that the truths of science may be made to serve the needs of mankind. .\s medical practitioner, educator and author lie is recognized as the peer of mem- bers of the profession tlirougliout .Manitolia. For more than two decades he has i)racticed in Winnipeg and for three decades has been a resident of this province. He was hoi'ii at C'arleton Place, Ontario, in LS()5, and accpiired ins preliminary education in the. grammar schools in the town of his nativity. In 1883 he came with his parents to I\Ianitoba and for the two succeeding years was a student in the ilanitoba College. Up to this time his studies hail been pursued with a view of one day entering upon preparation for the medical profession and lir ne.xt matriculated in the .Manitoba .Medical College, being now numbered among its ;dumiH of 1888. Following iiis graduation he wt'ut to Englaiui antl continued his studies and researches for two years in the hospitals of that country, being the first graduate of the .Maintoha .Meilical College to take out an old country (lualification. He relumed to Winnipeg in ISlin ami since then has been actively engaged in the practice of his profession. Uradually he advanced to a foremost position among the meilical practitioners of the prov- ince and at the same time became recognized as a leading educator, holding at different limes various chairs in the Manitoba ;\Iedical College, while for about three years he was a iueml)er of the university cinmcil. .\fter filling the pi-ofessorsiiip of materia nu'dica and thcrajieutics he became iirofrs.sor of medi- cine anil clinical medicine and later associate ])rof'e.s.sor of clinical gynecologv, which chair he holds at the present time. Dr. Simpson took a foremost part 754 THE STORY OF MANITOBA in fouiulintr Xinottc Saiiitin-iuin and has been ehairniaii of the board, since it was e.stahlishcil. 'I'liis institution was erected iit a cost of two liniidrcd thousand lioUars and is a model of its kind, with accoiiunothitions of twenty- live beds for ailvaneed eases, and eiglity beds for incipient cases. Dr. Simpson is cliief snrgeon of the Hudson's Bay. Company and also sur- geon of the Canadian Northern Railway. In matters pertaining to the public health he has always taken a deep interest and at the present time is ehairman of the provincial board of health. His highest professional honor came to him at the aiUHial meeting of the American rublie Health Association in 1910 in his election to its presidency, which is one of the higiiest honors tliat can be conferred upon a physician in North America. Its membei'siii]) incliules repre- sentatives of the medical fraternity in Canada, Cnited States, Mexico and Cuba. The address which he delivered at the opening annual meeting in Havana in 1911 displayed attractive literary style as well as an indication of comprehen- sive research work done and a thorough appreciation for the scientific la))ors of the profession for the prevention and extermination of disease. In that address he advocated the establishment of a federal department of public health in the different countries represented, touched upon the work of the profession in checking infantile paralysis, of promoting anti-typhoid vaccination, of what bad been done in the laboratory section, the section of sanitary engineering and of sociology, advocating further laliors along those other lines. Dr. Simpson, while he has arrived at a place of di.stinetion in professional circles, has never been neglectful of the other relations of life and is known as a valued member of the ^lanitoba Club and a stanch supporter of the conserva- tive party, having for four years been president of the ^Manitoba Conservative Association. INDEX FOR VOLUME II Abbey, W. J 314 Abra, G. E 3S8 Acheson, T. S 407 Agnew, J. H 17 Aikins, J. A. M 8 Aitkeii, Robert 582 Aldinger, A. H 109 Anderson, Robert 1S2 Arihil.akl. G. H 235 Argue, ^r. \V 584 Armstrong, Hamilton 647 Armstrong, Hugh 193 Armstrong, J. B 495 Armstrong. J. W 455 Armstrong, William 363 Armstrong, \V. T 131 Arnett, J. H 470 Arnett, T. L 459 Arnold, A. S 583 Ashdown, J. H 731 Atchison, .1. D 374 Baker, C.W S9 Bannerman, A. M 2S3 Bannerman, G. W 296 Barron, J. G 717 Bates, W.H 176 Batligate, William 328 Beamish, R. W 748 Beliveau, J. A 434 Bellhouse, D. W 449 Berkeley, M. S 165 Bernhart, Joseph 338 Berrv, J. C 267 Berrv, Thomas 568 Bescoby, J. E 310 Beveridge, Ebenezer 330 Bewell, H. E 228 Bevnon, II. B 499 Bigelow, W. A 53 Birch,,!. E 738 Bjornson, Olafur -134 Black, .lames 487 Blackwell, J. E 288 Blackwood, H. P 249 Blair, Robert 500 Borbri.lge, S. H 242 Borbridge, W. >I 256 Borthistle. .J. R 573 Bottomelev. Ernest 1S3 Bovd, G, W 557 Boyd, W, II 247 Braden, Thomas 693 Brandson, B. .T 453 Bridge, Frank 662 7 Brittain, C. .J 389 Broadbent, G. A 327 Brockest. John 606 Brooks. I. F 106 Brown, Harry 96 Browne, Perry 482 Bruce, William 325 Buffet, Claude 28 Buie. A, L 541 Bull, Manlius 114 Bullock, A. E 739 Bullock, Robert 384 Burgess, Joseph 461 Burton, Alfred E 190 Burton, Arthur E 526 Butcher, F. J 581 Buttcrworth, Thomas 590 Cadham, F. T 331 Calder, Alexander 146 Cahlwell. B. W 391 Caldwell, H. F 79 Cameron, D. C 436 Cameron, J. R 54 Campbell, A. C 602 Campbell, B. H 435 Campbell, C. H 46 Campbell, J. A 90 Campbell, J. S 727 Campbell. Neil 352 Carlisle, G. H 316 Carruthers, F. F 105 Carruthers, J. M 378 Carscad Patniore. H. L 222 Pattinson. H. R l'''! Pearson. William 178 I'eel. William 295 Peltier, E. J 293 Perssc, J. B 51'' Plielps, (;. W 596 Pliillips, Wilford 443 Pickaril. H. G 84 Pirt, W. \V 627 Poison. Hugh 612 Poison. Samuel 676 Pope, E. L ■ 421 Popham, E. S 189 Powers. C. A 201 Pri.e, J. F 326 Prud'homme, J. H. .7 692 Puckering, W. L '''41 Purdon, Robert 415 Race, L. A 288 Earasav. L. L 351 Eea, a". E., Sr 390 Richards, S. E 468 Rilev, Isaac '"'^ Ritchie. S. B 18''' Robertson, W. A 68.-> Robinson, Arthur 639 Robinson. I. A Ip Robinson, S 1 j- Robinson, William 453 Robison. H. E 637 R()l)son, H. A 332 Rodney. M. J 274 Rogers. N. T 'i'05 Roland. C. F 341 Rose, E. W 513 Rose, Francis 619 Rose, Henry 488 Ross, Donald Andrew aS Ross, Hugh 11 Ross, Walter 11~ Rothwell. S. .1 '^24 Rowlev. C. W 38 Roval.'C. H 301 Russell. J. H. G 1=4 Ryder, Michael 333 Randstrom, Andrew 525 Schank. J. M 558 Scott, D. H 19 Rcott, Jacob 145 Scott, R. A 202 Scott. R. B 501 Shantz. M. E 98 Sharpe. E. E 746 Sharpe. H. ,S 110 Sharpe, R. T. C 680 Shaw. A. W 736 .She|)percl. William 441 Shillinglau, W. II 113 Sini|iscin, John 632 Simjjson, John 511 Simpson, R. JI 753 Sinclair. Thomas 129 Sing'lcton. If. L 333 Smale, W. 1 196 Smith, Davi