Tales of the Road 'HE IS THE STEAM AND A BIG PART OF THE ENGINE TOO- THAT MAKES BUSINESS MOVE." TALES OF THE ROAD CHARLES N. CREWDSON ILLUSTRATED BY J. J. GOULD CHICAGO THOMPSON & THOMAS 1905 GENERAL; Copyright, 1904, by The Curtis Publishing Company. Copyright, 1905, by The Curtis Publishing Company. Copyright, 190$, by Charles N. Crewdson. Entered at Stationers' Hall. First Edition, September i, 1905. Second Edition, October i, 190$. Third Edition, October 10, 1905. It. R. DONNELLEY & SONS COMPANY CHICAGO Dedicated to Alex C Ritchey, Salesman, the Author's Friend. CONTENTS, I The square deal wins 15 II Clerks, cranks and touches 35 III Social arts as salesmen's assets 5 2 IV Tricks of the trade 68 V The helping hand 85 VI How to get on the road 102 VII First experiences in selling 118 VIII Tactics in selling 1 139 IX Tactics in selling II 161 X Tactics in selling III 176 XI Cutting prices ^ 194 XII Canceled orders ^ 207 XIII Concerning credit men 228 XIV Winning the customer's good will 250 XV Salesmen's don'ts 271 XVI Merchants the salesman meets 294 XVII Hiring and handling salesmen 319 XVIII Hearts behind the order book 342 ILLUSTRATIONS. He is the steam and a big part of the engine too that makes business move Frontispiece Larry let business drop entirely and danced a jig 33 "Whenever I let go the buggy handle the baby yelled" 57 "To-night we dance, to-morrow we sell clothes again" 63 "I listened to episodes in the lives of all those seven children " 83 " I braced the old man It wasn't exactly a freeze but there was a lot of frost in the air " 105 " You ought to have seen his place " 11$ " My stomach was beginning to gnaw, but I didn't dare go out " 137 "In big headlines I read 'Great Fire in Chicago'" 149 " Well, Woody," said he, " You seem to be taking things pretty easy " 154 "You'd better write that down with a pencil" said Harry.. 181 "Shure, that cigare is a birrd" 188 "He came in with his before breakfast grouch" 221 " I'm treed " said the drayman. " They're as heavy as lead " 227 "What explanation have you to make of this, sir?" 235 "He tried to jolly her along, but she was wise" 339 The author wishes to acknowl- edge his special debt of gratitude to the SATURDAY EVENING POST, of Philadelphia. Tales of the Road. CHAPTER.!, L . . k THE SQUARE DEAL WINS. ALESMANSHIP is the business of the world ; it is about all there is to the world of business. Enter the door of a success- ful wholesale or manufacturing house and you stand upon the threshold of an establishment rep- resented by first-class salesmen. They are the steam and a big part of the engine, too that makes business move. I saw in print, the other day, the statement that salesmanship is the "fourth profession." It is not; it is the first. The salesman, when he starts out to "get there," must turn more sharp corners, "duck" through more alleys and face more cold, stiff winds than any kind of worker I know. He must think quickly, yet use judgment; he must act quickly and still have on hand a rich store of patience; he must work hard, and often long. He must coax one minute and "stand pat" the next. He must per- suade persuade the man he approaches that he needs his goods and make him buy them yes, make him. He is messenger boy, train dispatcher, department 15 Tales of the Road buyer, credit man, actor, lawyer and politician all under one hat ! By "salesman" I do not mean the man who stands behind the counter and lets the customer who comes to him and wants to buy a necktie slip away because the spots on the silk are blue instead of green; nor do I mean the man who wraps up a collar, size 1 6, and calls "cash;" I mean the man who takes his grip or sample trunks and goes to hunt his customer the traveling salesman. Certainly there are salesmen behind the counter, and he has much in common with the man on the road. To the position of traveling salesman attach inde- pendence, dignity, opportunity, substantial reward. Many of the tribe do not appreciate this; those do so best who in time try the "professional life." When they do they usually go back to the road happy to get there again. Yet were they permanently to adopt a profession say the law they would make better lawyers because they had been traveling men. Were many professional men to try the road, they would go back to their first occupation because forced to. The traveling man can tell you why! I bought, a few days ago, a plaything for my small boy. What do you suppose it was? A toy train. I wish him to get used to it for when he grows up I am going to put him on the road hustling trunks. My boy will have a better chance for success at this than at anything else. If he has the right sort of stuff 16 Tales of the Road in him he will soon lay the foundation for a life suc- cess; if he hasn't I'll soon find it out. As a traveling salesman he will succeed quickly or not at all. In the latter event, I'll set him to studying a profession. When he goes on the road he may save a great part of his salary, for the firm he will represent will pay his living expenses while traveling for them. He will also have many leisure hours, and even months, in which to study for a profession if he chooses; or, if he will, he may spend his "out of season" months in foreign travel or any phase of in- tellectual culture and he will have the money of his own earning with which to do it. Three to six or eight months is as much time as most traveling men can profitably give to selling goods on the road; the rest is theirs to use as they please. Every man who goes on the road does not succeed not by any means. The road is no place for drones; there are a great many drops of the honey of commerce waiting in the apple blossoms along the road, but it takes the busy "worker" bee to get it. The capable salesman may achieve great success, not only on the road, but in any kind of activity. "The road" is a great training school. The chair- man of the Transportation Committee in the Chicago city council, only a few years ago was a traveling man. He studied law daily and went into politics while he yet drew the largest salary of any man in his house. Marshall Field was once a trav- Tales of the Road eling man; John W. Gates sold barbed wire before he became a steel king. These three men are merely types of successful traveling men. Nineteen years ago, a boy of 15, I quit picking worms off of tobacco plants and began to work in a wholesale house, in St. Louis, at $5 per week and I had an even start with nearly every man ever con- nected with the firm. The president of the firm today, now also a bank president and worth a million dollars, was formerly a traveling man; the old vice- president of the house, who is now the head of another firm in the same line, used to be a traveling man; the present vice-president and the president's son-in-law was a traveling man when I went with the firm; one of the directors, who went with the house since I did, is a traveling man. Another who traveled for this firm is today a vice-president of a large wholesale dry goods house; one more saved enough to go recently into the wholesale business for himself. Out of the lot six married daughters of wealthy parents, and thirty or more, who keep on traveling, earn by six months or less of road work, from $1200 to $6000 each year. One has done, during his period of rest, what every one of his fellow salesmen had the chance to do take a degree from a great university, obtain a license (which he cannot afford to use) to practice law, to learn to read, write and speak with ease two foreign Ian- Tales of the Road guages and get a smattering of three others, and to travel over a large part of the world. Of all the men in the office and stock departments of this firm only two of them have got beyond $25 a week; and both of them have been drudges. One has moved up from slave-bookkeeper to credit-man slave and partner. The other has become a buyer. And even he as well as being a stock man was a city salesman. Just last night I met, on leaving the street car, an old school boy friend who told me that he was soon going to try his hand on the road selling bonds. He asked me if I could give him any pointers. I said: "Work and be square never come down on a price; make the price right in the beginning." "Oh, I don't know about that," said he. I slapped him on the breast and answered: "I do!" I would give every traveling man, every business man, every man this same advice. Say what you will, a square deal is the only thing to give your customer. You can do a little scaly work and win out at it for a while ; but when you get in the stretch, unless you have played fair, the short horses will beat you under the wire. The best customer on my order book came to me because I once had a chance to do a little crooked work, but didn't. I had a customer who had been a loyal one for many years. He would not even look at another salesman's goods and you know 19 Tales of the Road that it is a whole lot of satisfaction to get into a town and walk into a door where you know you are "solid." The man on the road who doesn't appre- ciate and care for a faithful customer is not much of a man, anyway. My old customer, Logan, had a little trouble with his main clerk. The clerk, Fred, got it into his head that the business belonged to him, and he tried to run it. But Logan wouldn't stand for this sort of work and "called him down." The clerk became "toppy" and Logan discharged him. But, still, Fred had a fairly good standing in the town and interested an old bachelor, a banker, who had a nephew that he wanted to start in business. He furnished Fred and his nephew with $10,000 cash capital; the three formed a partnership to open a new store and "buck" Logan. Well, you know it is not a bad thing to "stand in" with the head clerk when you wish to do business in an establish- ment. So I had always treated Fred right and he liked me and had confidence in me. In fact, it's a poor rule to fail to treat all well. I believe that the "boys" on the road are the most tolerant, patient human beings on earth. To succeed at their business they must be patient and after a while it becomes a habit and a good one, too. You know how it goes! A merchant gets to handling a certain brand of goods which is no better than many others in the same line. He gets it into 20 Tales of the Road his head that he cannot do without that particular line. This is what enables a man on the road to get an established trade. The clerks in the store also get interested in some special brand because they have customers who come in and ask for that par- ticular thing a few times. They do not stop to think that the man who comes in and asks for a Leopard brand hat or a Knock-'em-out shoe does not have any confidence in this special shoe or hat, but that he has confidence in the establishment where he buys it. So, when I was in Logan's town to sell him his usual bill, his clerk hailed me from across the street and came over to where I stood. He told me that he had quit his old job and that he was going to put in a new stock. I, of course, had to tell him that I must stay with Logan, but that out of appreciation of his past kindness to me I would do the best I could to steer him right in my line of goods. I gave him a personal letter to another firm that I had been with before and who, I knew, would deal with him fairly. Fred went in to market. When in the city he tried to buy some goods of my firm. He intended to take these same goods and sell them for a lower price than Logan had been getting, and thus cut hard into Logan's trade. But the big manufactur- ers, you know, are awake to all of those tricks and a first-class establishment will always protect its cus- tomers. My house told Fred that before they could 21 Tales of the Road sell to him they would have to get my sanction. They wired me about it, and I, of course, had to be square with my faithful old friend, Logan; I placed the matter before him. As I was near by, I wrote him, by special delivery, and put the case before him. He, for self-protection, wired my house that he would prefer that they would not sell his old clerk who was now going to become his competitor. In fact, he said he would not stand for it. The very next season things came around so that Logan went out of business, and then I knew that I was "up against it" in his town my old customer gone out of business; Fred not wanting, then, of course, to buy of me. But I took my medicine and consoled myself with the thought that a few grains of gold would pan out in the wash. Up in a large town above Logan's I had a cus- tomer named Dave, who had moved out from Colo- rado. He was well fixed, but he had not secured the right location. Say what you will, location has a whole lot to do with business. Of course, a poor man would not prosper in the busy streets of Cairo, but the best sort of a hustler would starve to death doing business on the Sahara. A big store in Dave's new town failed. He had a chance to buy out the stock at 75 cents on the dollar. He wished to do so; but, although he was well-to-do, he didn't have the ready cash. One night I called on Dave and he laid the case 22 Tales of the Road before me. He told me how sorry he was not to get hold of this "snap." I put my wits together quickly and I said to him: u Dave, I believe I can do you some good." The next morning I went to see a banker, who was a brother-in-law of Logan's and who had made enough money, merchandising and out of wheat, down in Logan's old town, to move up to the city and go into the banking business. The banker knew all about the way that I had treated his brother-in- law, and I felt that because I had been square with Logan he would have confidence in anything I would say to him. I laid the case before the banker. I told him I knew Dave to be well fixed, to have good credit, to be a good rustler and strictly straight. In a little while I brought Dave to meet the banker. The banker immediately, upon my recom- mendation, told him that he could have all the money he needed $16,000. The banker also wired to the people who owned the stock he was well acquainted with them and told them he would vouch for Dave. The deal went through all right and Dave now buys every cent's worth, that he uses in my line, from me. He is the best customer I have; I got him by being square. A great mistake which some salesmen make when they first start on the road is to "load" their cus- tomers. The experienced man will not do this, for 23 Tales of the Road he soon learns that he will u lose out" by it. A merchant will not long continue to buy from a travel- ing man in whom he has no confidence. He, in great measure, depends on the judgment of the trav- eling man as to the styles and quantities he should buy. If the salesman sells him too much of anything it is only a matter of time when the merchant will buy from some other man. When a storekeeper buys goods he invests money; and his heart is not very far from his bank-book. The time when the traveling man will ram all he can into an order is when the merchant splits his business in the salesman's line, buying the same kind of goods from two or more houses. Then the sales- man sells as much as he can, that he may crowd the other man out. But even this is poor policy. I once took on a new town. My predecessor had been getting only a share of his customer's trade; two others had divided the account with him. I made up my mind to have all of the account or none. The merchant went to my sample room and gave me an order for a bill of hats. He bought at ran- dom. When I asked him what sizes he wanted, he said: "Oh, run 'em regular." "Very well," said I, "but will it not be well to look through your stock and see just what sizes you need? Maybe you have quite a number of certain sizes on hand and it will be needless for you to get more of them. Let's go down to the store and look through your stock." 24 Tales of the Road We went to his store. The first item on the order he had given me was one dozen black "Columbias." I found that he had five dozen already on hand. u Look here," said I, "don't you think I would better scratch that item off of the bill?" I drew my pencil through the u one dozen Columbias." u Now let us go through your whole stock and see if there are not other items you have duplicated," I suggested. We worked together for four hours until after midnight. It was the biggest mess of a stock I ever saw. When we got through I had cut down my order three-fourths. "See," said I, showing the merchant my order- book and his stock list which every merchant should have when he goes to buy goods "you have enough of some kinds to last you three years. Others, because they have gone out of style, are worth nothing. All you can get out of them will be clear profit; throw them out and sell them for any price. "Do you know what has been happening to you right along? Three men and the one from my firm is just as guilty as the rest have been loading you. Why, if I were a judge and they were brought before me, I'd sentence them to jail." "And I guess I ought to be made to go along with them," broke in my friend, "for participating in the crime." "That I will leave you to judge," said I, "but 25 Tales of the Road there is one thing for sure : You will not see me back here again for a year; it would be a crime for any- one to take an order from you during that time. And when I do come I want all of your business, or none; you haven't enough for three, or even for two. You can buy no more than you can sell to your customers, unless you go broke some day. Your interest and my interest are the same. In truth, I stand on the same side of the counter as you do. It is to my interest to treat you right. My firm is merely the one from which you and I together select your goods. Ought I not to see that they give you the right things at the right prices? If I treat you right, and my firm does not, you will follow me to another; if I treat you wrong I'll lose both your confidence and my joB." That man today gives me all of his business; I got him by being square. By being over-conscientious, however, a salesman sometimes will not let his customer buy enough. This is frequently to the disadvantage of the merchant. To sell goods a merchant must have goods ; to have them he must buy them. The stingy man has no business in business. Many a man be- comes a merchant and, because he is either too close- fisted or hasn't enough capital or credit with which to buy goods, is awakened, some fine morning, by the tapping on his front door of the Sheriff's ham- mer. A man may think that if he goes into business 26 Tales of the Road his friends will buy "any old thing, just be- cause it's me"; but he will find out that when he goes to separate his friends from their coin he must give them the kind of goods they want. The successful merchant is the man who carries the stock. One of my old friends, who was a leading hat salesman of St. Louis, once told me the following experience : "Several years ago I was out in western Texas on a team trip. It was a flush year; cattle were high. I had been having a good time; you know how it goes the more one sells the more he wants to sell and can sell. I heard of a big cattleman who was also running a cross-roads grocery store. He wanted to put in dry goods, shoes and hats. His store was only a few miles out of my way so I thought that I would drive over and see him. "How I kicked myself when I drove up to his shanty, hardly larger, it seemed to me, than my straw-goods trunk! But, being there, I thought I would pick up a small bill anyway. I make it a rule never to overlook even a little order, for enough of them amount to as much as one big one. When I went in the old gentleman was tickled to see me and told me to open up that he wanted a 'right smart' bill. I thought that meant about $75. "I had to leave my trunks outside the store was so small so I brought in at first only a couple of stacks of samples, thinking that they would be 27 Tales of the Road enough. I pulled out a cheap hat and handed it to him. " 'That's a good one for the money,' said I, 'a dollar apiece.' I used to always show cheap goods first, but I have learned better. "He looked at my sample in contempt and, pull- ing a fine Stetson hat off his head, said: 'Haven't you got some hats like this one?' " 'Yes, but they will cost you $84 a dozen,' I answered, at the same time handing him a fine beaver quality Stetson. " 'The more they cost the better they suit us cat- tlemen ; we are not paupers, suh ! How many come in a box?' 41 'Two. 1 " 'Two?' said he. 'You must be talking about a pasteboard box; I mean a wooden box, a case.' " 'Three dozen come in a case, Colonel.' " 'Well, give me a case.' "I had never sold a case of these fine goods in my life, so I said to him: 'That's lots more, Colonel, than I usually sell of that kind, and I don't want to overload you; hadn't we better make it a dozen?' " 'Dozen? Lor', no. You must think that there's nobody in this country, that they haven't any money, and that I haven't any money. Did you see that big bunch of cattle as you came in? They're all mine mine, suh; and I don't owe the bank a cent on them, suh. No, suh, not a cent, suh. I want a case 28 Tales of the Road of these hats, suh not a little bundle that you can carry under yo' arm.' "I was afraid that I had made the old gentleman mad, and, knowing him by reputation to be worth several thousand dollars, I thought it best to let him have his way. I went through the two stacks with him and then brought in the rest of my samples. He bought a case of a kind right through fine hats, medium hats and cheap hats for greasers; he bought blacks, browns and light colors. I was ashamed to figure up the bill before his face. But just as soon as I got out of sight I added up the items and it amounted to $2100 the best bill I took on that trip. "I sent the order in, but I thought that I would not have to call there again for a long time. The house shipped the bill, and the old gentleman dis- counted it. u Next trip I was intending to give that point the go-by. I really felt that the old gentleman not only needed no more goods, but that he would shoot me if I called on him. But when I reached the town next to his, my customer there, who was a friend of the Colonel's, told me that the old gentleman had sent him word that he wished to buy some more goods and for me to be sure to come to see him. "When I came driving up to the Colonel's store the back end of it looked peculiar to me. He had got so many goods from me that he had been obliged 29 Tales of the Road to take the wooden cases they were shipped in and make out of these boxes an addition to his store. Lumber was scarce in that country. The Colonel came out and shook hands with me before I was out of my wagon. I was never greeted more warmly in my life. " 'Look heah,' he began, 'I owe you an apology, suh; and I want to make it to you befo' you pass my threshol', suh. When you were heah befo' I fear that I allowed my indignation to arise. I am sorry of it, suh, sorry! Give me yo' hand and tell me that you will pahdon me. I can't look you square in the face until you do.' " Why, Colonel, that's all right,' said I,