AN LIBRARY University of California. GIFT OF THE FAMILY OF REV. DR. GEORGE MOOAR • Class HISTORY ANDOVER FROM ITS SETTLEMENT TO 1829. BY ABIEL. ABBOT, A. M. (^ Of THE UNIVERSITY andover: PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY FLAGG AND GOULD. 1829. ADVERTISEMENT. The Compiler, for he does not assume the name of Author, of the following history, offers his thanks to all who have aided him in collecting the documents and facts, which are here stated. That there are no errors, it would be foolish to pretend ; but there are no intentional errors. He has used with much freedom, the language of the documents from which the com- pilation has been made. He hopes that some impor- tant facts have been rescued from oblivion ; and that many may be gratified with being able to trace the steps of their descent from their ancestors, who first settled in this country. When the first permanent set- tlement was made in Andover has not been precisely ascertained. Some early transactions could not be as- certained through defect of records occasioned by dep- redations of the Indians. Few occurrences were noted by the early settlers, and traditions are few and dim. The compilation after no inconsiderable labor and pains, is offered to the public, and, especially, to the inhabitants of Andover, and to the descendants of the early settlers of that ancient and respectable town. HISTORY OF ANDOVER. I '-" THE CHAP. I.f UNIVERSITY \ or TOPOGRAPH Y> ^kli:2jj . Andover, in the county of Essex, Mass. situated on the south easterly side of the Merrimack, 20 miles N. of Boston, 16 NW. of Salem, 20 S. westerly from Newbury- port, 8 S. of Haverhill, and 467 from Washington, is bound- ed on the NNW. 10 miles and 307 rods by the Merrimack, which separates it from Dracut and Methuen ; on the NE. 146 rods by Bradford, and 7 miles and 241 rods by Box- ford ; on the SE. 3 miles and 66 rods by Middleton ; on the S. 4 miles by Reading, and 2 miles and 285 rods by Wilmington; and on the SW. 6 miles and 197 rods by Tewksbury. It was originally bounded by the Merrimack, Rowley, Salem, Woburn, and Cambridge, which formerly included Billerica and Tewksbury. The town is well watered. It has the Merrimack the whole length of its N. westerly side. Cochichewick brook, issuing from Great Pond, in the NE. part of the town, af- ter a N. westerly course of about one and a half mile, emp- ties into the Merrimack, a little more than a mile below Andover bridge, and furnishes a number of good and safe mill seats, on which there are now three factories for wool and one grist mill; two grist mills have lately been stopped. The Shawshin rises in Lexington, passes through Bed- ford, the easterly part of Billerica, NW. part of Wilnnng- 1* 6 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. ton, and S. easterly corner of Tewksbury, enters Andover at the SW. corner, has a N. easterly course, dividing the South Parish diagonally, and is discharged into the Mer- rimack, about a mile below Andover bridge about 60 rods above the Cochichewick, and is about three rods wide. There are upon it, three factories for wool, a machine fac- tory, a paper mill, three grist mills and two saw mills ; one grist and one saw mill near its mouth, in 1823, were taken down. A short stream empties into Shawshin at Frye's Village, on which is a grist mill, saw mill and a fulling mill. Near to this is a small stream on which is a trip hammer. A small stream from Foster's pond had mills up- on it. A stream a little above Andover bridge has had a saw mill upon it ; also the stream from Haggett's pond. Rose meadow brook empties into Great Pond and has a saw mill upon it near its mouth. The water of these streams is discharged into the Merrimack. Musquetoe brook, Boston brook, river meadow brook, and Frye's brook, have mills upon them, and discharge their water into Ipswich river. Besides these, there are brooks and springs, which supply water for every farm and house in the town. Good water, at a small depth below the surface, may almost every where be obtained. Great Pond, so called, in the NE. part of the town, about a mile from the Merrimack, is a fine dear basin of water containing about 447 acres, and is well stocked with fish. Before obstructions on the brook, multitudes of alewives passed into the pond, and large quantities were taken from the brook for the use of the inhabitants, and they also furnished a revenue to the town. Haogett's Pond, in which are two small islands, is in the west parish, more than a mile from the Merrimack, and contains about 220 acres. It is thought that this pond may be turned into the Shawshin for the benefit of the mills and factories. TOPOGRAPHY. 7 Foster's pond in the south parish, contains 50 acres. The water runs into the Shawshin, above Ballard's mills; and, it is said, that the pond may be easily drained. Pomp's, formerly Ballard's Pond, near the Shawshin, empties into it, a short distance below Ballard's mills. It contains 37£ acres. The channel of the brook has been cleared in some degree, to let off more of its water in a dry season. With a little labour, two or three feet of water may be led from the pond into the river for the benefit of the mills below. These ponds are well supplied with small fish. Beaver dam pond in the SE. part of the town contains 3£ acres. As- lebe's pond, near to it, contains two acres. The Merrimack formerly abounded with salmon and shad, which were also taken plentifully in the Shawshin. Considerable quantities of shad are still taken in the Mer- rimack, but very few salmon. Alewives were taken in great quantities from the streams emptying into the Mer- rimack. They were sometimes put into the hills of corn with much effect ; but some have thought them injurious to the land. On each side of the Shawshin and of most of the brooks, the meadows are numerous and good. Near the banks of this river is a sandy rich loam. In the south west part of the town, the plains are of considerable extent. The wood on this land is chiefly pine ; but oak often succeeds the pine. In the northwest part of the town, the land is some- what stony and hilly, and is hard of culture but sufficient- ly rewards the labour of the husbandman. Oak is the principal growth ; but there is some walnut, maple, pine. Wood and timber from the banks of the Merrimack are of- ten rafted down the river to Newburyport. The easterly part of the south parish is undulating, somewhat rocky, moist, hard of culture, but fertile and amply remunerating the industry and skill of the cultivator. In the north parish, the land is uneven, rising into 8 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. large hills, affording fine and delightful prospects and sce- nery. " Its surface is elegantly undulating, and its soil in an eminent degree fertile. The meadows are numerous, large, and of the first quality. The groves charmingly in- terspersed, are tall and thrifty. The landscape every where varied, neat and cheerful, is also, every where rich." The natural growth is, the several kinds of oak, walnut, maple, pine, elm, oilnut, ash, cedar in some swamps. "This parish is a mere collection of plantations, with- out any thing like a village." The houses are generally good, some are large and elegant. The barns are large and well built and indicate a fertile and well cultivated soil. " Upon the whole, Andover is one of the best farming towns in eastern Massachusetts."* The south parish has a considerable village, extending north of the meeting house, also, easterly to some extent round the Institution, and westerly near the factories. The houses are generally well built, handsome and in a good state, and afford a fine appearance. A large portion of them has been erected within twenty or thirty years. The town is adorned with ornamental trees near almost every dwelling house and on the sides of the streets. The public buildings in the north parish are a meeting house built in 1753 — Franklin Academy, a neat one story building. In the south parish, a meeting house erected in 1783 — near to it, a vestry — three large elegant brick build- ings and a steward's house for the Theological Institu- tion, — an elegant brick building for Phillips academy — a Samaritan house — a Masonic hall of brick three stories erected in 18*26 — an elegant brick building for the Ando- ver Female Academy to be soon completed. In the west parish a stone meeting house built in 18*26. There are fifteen school houses for the town and three houses for pri- vate schools. * Dr. Dvvight'a Travels. TOPOGRAPHY. 9 In several places beds of day have been opened ; the one most extensively worked is on a farm belonging to the town, and is of good quality. About 300,000 bricks are an- nually made in the yard, and disposed of for the benefit of the town. Red Spring, about half a mile from the south meeting- house, on the north west side of Shawshin, near its bank, is chalybeate ; its water has been used with advantage in some cases. This might probably be rendered a fashion- able resort by a good boarding house and suitable baths. Peat meadows, have been discovered, and fuel is taken from some of them which has lately come into use in a number of families; its price is about the same as of hard pine. The Roads in Andover, as well as in most of the towns in the county, are crooked. They were at first designed to accommodate individuals, and laid out from house to house. Many of them were formerly closed with gates and passed through pastures and fields ; some of them have be- come useless. The town within a few years, has expended large sums in making new roads, and in straightening and making wider old ones. All the roads have been much im- proved within the last thirty years. In 1806, a Turnpike was opened from Medford through Reading, south parish of Andover to Concord, N. H. &c. The same company has opened a turnpike from Salem, through Danvers, Middleton, the south part of the north parish to Andover bridge. The old roads to Boston and Salem have been so much improved and take so much of the travel, as to render these turnpikes less profitable than is desired. The upper great road from Boston passes through An- dover, Haverhill, &c. to Maine ; also from Boston to Con- cord, N. H. ; also from Salem and from Newburyport to 10 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. Lowell. There is much travelling from the north side of the Merrimack through Andover to Salem, Newburyport, and other places on the sea coast. In 1825, the Training Field, north from Dr. Kittridge's, was exchanged for four acres south of the North Parish meeting-house for a common ; and the horse houses were moved to the other side of the meeting house. The road from the meeting house to Franklin Academy was made wider. This has much improved the appearance, and ad- ded to the convenience of the parish. Andover Bridge over the Merrimack. The act of in- corporation was passed, March 1793 ; the bridge was com- pleted the November following at an expense of about $15,000. It wa3 nearly 800" feet in length and 40 in width. It rested on abutments and piers of wood, and required constant repairs. It stood about seven years. In 1801, a solid arch of boards was made over the main channel of the river 110 feet ; this fell immediately. The present bridge, about 21 feet wide, was built in 1806-7, and rests upon stone piers and abutments ; it has several times had repairs. It takes considerable travel from Boston, Salem, &c. to Concord, N. H. &c t CHAP. II. SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. In searching for places suitable for settlements, Merri- mack river was early explored. In 1634, four years only after the "first planting of Charlestown and Boston, " those of Newtown complained ofstraitness for want of land, and desired leave of the Court to look out either for enlarge- lux** K/, m *^ L ™imymf*w2®tiT+Jfci 1653, he with his colleague vigorously opposed making iXJT+Aju war on the Dutch in New-York, and on the Indians ; and u ° it was prevented by his steady and conscientious opposition SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 15 and the decision of the General Court of Mass., though ear- nestly and streuuously urged by all the Commissioners of the other three colonies. In 1662, in a time of great alarm and distress, he was sent agent with Mr. Norton to England, to congratulate Charles II. on his restoration, and, if possible, to secure the privileges granted in the old charter. The mission was at- tended with more success than could have been expected, considering that the colonists were republicans in opinions, and strict puritans, and had no respect for nobles and bish- ops. But many of the magistrates and of the people were dissatisfied ; as they conceived the charter privileges were invaded. The agents fell under no small degree of resent- ment and public obloquy. Mr. B., conscious of rectitude, and feeling a cold indifference to the opinions and clam- ours of the multitude, continued to discharge the duties of his station. He was Deputy Governor from 1672 to 1679, when he was elected Governor, and continued in office till Mr. Jo- seph Dudley, his nephew, was appointed in 1686, head of the administration, and the government was changed and the charter annulled. He was appointed counsellor under Dudley but declined. • Mr. B. was considered at the head of the moderate party ; and, when the charter was demanded by king Charles, thought it better that it should be surrendered, than that it should be taken away by judgment, as in that case it might be more easily resumed. The king promised lenity on compliance, and threatened severity, if the colony forced him to a judgment against the charter. He judged it wise and prudent to save part of the privileges of the colony, rather than lose the whole. It was, moreover, submitting to the necessity of the times, and to a power they were un- able to resist. He was reproached for his pusillanimity ; 16 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. but his views were probably best for the country. The censure of the opposite party ought not to transmit reproach to posterity, or in the least to tarnish his character. He strenuously opposed the arbitrary proceedings of Andross ; and when, in 1689, the people put down his au- thority, they made their old Governor their President. He continued at the head of the administration till May 1692, at the advanced age of 89 years, when Sir William Phips arrived from England with the new charter, in which Sir William was appointed Governor, and Mr. B. first as- sistant. He had been in service in the government 62 years, excepting the short administration of Dudley and Andross. No man in the country has continued in so high offices, so many years and to so advanced age. He was a popular magistrate, was opposed to the witch delu- sion in 1692, which caused great alarm and distress at the commencement of Gov. Phips's administration. "He lived to be the Nestor of New England ;" all who came over from England with him died before him. Mr. B. was not distinguished for splendid and power- ful talents ; but for those abilities and qualifications, which rendered him eminently useful. He was upright in his principles, of sound judgment, strict integrity, persevering in business, and sought usefulness, rather than popularity. He was not the most highly esteemed by any party, but was despised by none. He was one of the fathers of the Massachusetts colony, and contributed much to its estab- lishment and prosperity. He was a man of fortitude, and suffered with the other early settlers many privations and hardships, discouragements and disappointments. The first two or three years were very trying and afflicting. They were exposed to the severity of the climate with poor accommodations, to scarcity of provisions and the neces- saries of life, and to sickness which proved mortal to many of them. SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 17 The following inscription is on his monument erected in Salem. SIMON BRADSTREET, Armiger, ex ordine Senatoris in Colonia Massachusettcnsi ab anno 1030, u«=que ad annum 1673. Deinde ad annum 1679, Vice-Gubernator. Denique, ad annum 1686 ejusdem colonise, communi et constanti populi suffragio, GUBERNATOR. Vir, judicio Lynceario preditus ; quem nee numma, nee honos allexit. Regis authoritatem, et populi libertatem, aequa lance libravit. Religione cerdatus, vita innocuus, mundum et vicit et deseruit, 27 die Martii, A. D. 1697, annoque Guliel : 3t. IX. et iEt. 94. Mr. B. was married in England, to Miss Ann Dud- ley, daughter of Mr. Thomas Dudley, when she was six- teen years old. She bore 8 children, 4 sons and 4 daugh- ters ; and died in Andover, Sept. 16, 1672. She is the most distinguished of the early matrons of our country by her literary powers, of which proof is given in a volume of poems, the 2d edition of which was printed at Boston, 1678, by John Foster, in a respectable 12mo. of 255 pp. It does honour to her education, by her frequent allusions to ancient literature and historical facts, and to her charac- ter as a daughter, a wife, a parent, and a christian. This volume is a real curiosity, though no reader, free from par- tiality of friendship, might coincide in the commendation of the funeral elogy of John Norton : Could Maro's muse but hear her lively strain, He would condemn his works to fire ag-ain. * # * # # Her breast was a brave palace, a broad street. Where all heroic, ample thoughts did meet, Where nature had such a tenement ta'en, That other souls, to hers, dwelt in a lane. Dr. Mather, in the Magnalia, gives a high commenda- tion of her, " whose poems, divers times printed, have af- forded a grateful entertainment unto the ingenious, and a monument for her memory beyond the stateliest mar- bles." 2* 18 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. Their children were Samuel, — who had two daughters born, 1663, 1665, in Boston. Simon in the ministry, New London, Con. Dudley, of Andover. John, born in Andover July 31, 1652, settled in Salem. Ann was married to Mr. Wiggin, Exeter.^- %£< c ■.$% Hannah was married to Mr. Andrew Wiggin, Exeter, June J 4, 1659. Mary was married to Mr. Nath. Wade, Nov. 11, 1672. Gov. Hutchinson supposes, that Sir Simon Bradstreet and Rev. Dudley Bradstreet, of Ireland, are descended from Gov. Bradstreet. (lu^[^hru^^yj $ r A»^6ar (OzpfiJ Mr. Bradstreet married for his second wife, a sister of Sir George Downing, who was in the first class graduated at H. Coll. and who was ambassador of Cromwell and Charles IT. to Holland.* Dudley Bradstreet, son of Gov. B. was a well in- formed man, and very useful in the town of Andover* For a number of years, he was a selectman, town clerk, and representative in the General Court. When Mr. Dud- ley was made president of the Council in 1686, he was ap- pointed one of the assistants, but did not accept the ap- pointment. During the interregnum from Andross, 1689, to the accession of Sir William Phips to the administration, 1692, he was one of the " Council for the safety of the people and conservation of the peace." He was a colonel of the militia, and many years a magistrate. In 1692, when witchcraft, a delusion, which, for a short time, raged greatly in Andover, he granted, in quick succession, 30 or 40 warrants to apprehend and imprison the supposed witch- es. Upon his refusing to grant any more, he was suspect- * See Eliot'i Biog. Diet. Winthrop's Journal. Hist. Coll. Hutchinson'i Iiist. SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 19 ed, was reported to have killed nine persons by witchcraft, and found it expedient to escape and keep secreted till the delusion had in some measure subsided. In 1698, the In- dians made an assault on Andover, took him and his fam- ily prisoners, carried them about fifty rods, and dismissed them, probably on account of his previous humanity and kindness to the Indians. He occupied the house built by his father, which is now owned by Mr. S. Putnam ; and, though one of the oldest in Andover, it is in a very good state. Mr. B. possessed the confidence of his townsmen, was useful, faithful and respected. He died Nov. 13, 1702. In 1673, he married Muss Ann Price. They had one son, Dudley born April 1678, graduated at H. Coll. 1698. The estate has been sold, and none of the descend- ants ofGov. Bradstreet remain in Andover. Defect in the town records makes it impracticable to render the following genealo- gies so complete as is desirable, especially since commencement of last century. John Osgood, one of the founders of the church in 1645, and the first representative for Andover in the Gen- eral Court in 1651 ; died in October of the same year. His sons were * 2 John. Stephen, Christopher, Thomas. — 2 John, a captain, often a selectman, and representative in the General Court, died 1693 ; his sons, 3 John, Timothy, Peter, Samuel. — 3 John lieutenant, selectman, died 1725, aged 71, 4 Ebenezer, Clement, John, Josiah. — 4 John ma- jor, deacon, died 1765, aged 83. Hannah, his wife, died 1774, aged 90 ; 5 Josiah, Joseph Dr. H. Coll. John col- onel, Esq. — 4 Josiah, 5 Josiah, Solomon, Jacob, Benjamin colonel, Westford, Jonathan Rev. Daniel. — 5 Josiah, Methu- en, 6 Josiah, Milford, N. H. Benjamin Hon. Methuen, Joseph, John, Samuel, Nathaniel, Thaddeus Rev.— 3 Tim- othy, died 1748, aged 90. — 4 Timothy, 5 Thomas, Isaac * The figure prefixed to the name denotes the degree of descent from the origin- al settler ; the name in Italic letters is the father of the sons mentioned in the same r.ntencew 20 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. II. Coll. Timothy, Peter.— 5 Peter, 6 Samuel H. Coll. Peter Esq. Isaac Esq. Timothy captain. 2 Stephen, Hooker, Stephen. — 3 Hooker, 4 Hooker, Joshua, Jonathan, David, Benjamin, Moses, Aaron. 3 Stephen, died 1750. Hannah, d. 1774, aged 92; 4 Ste- phen, Isaac, Joshua. — 4 Stephen, Tewksbury, 5 Stephen. 4 Isaac Capt. 5 David Rev. Medford, Jacob, Kendall physician, Peterborough. 2 Christopher Capt. built Frye's Mills, died 1723, aged 80 ; 3 Christopher, Ezekiel. 3 Christopher, Billerica, built the first mills on the Con- cord, where the Canal intersects the river ; 4 Jeremiah moved to Pomfret, Conn. 3 Ezekiel, 4 Samuel Capt. died 1748, aged 46. 2 Thomas, 3 Thomas, Josiah. John, Ebenezer, Nathaniel, Jeremiah, Daniel. Joseph Parker, died 1678. 2 Joseph, Stephen, Samuel. — 2 Joseph ; 3 Joseph; 4 Joseph, Peter, James Capt. — 4 Pe- ter, d. 1795, aet. 79 ; 5 Peter, Nathan colonel, Bluehill, Robert Esq. Bluehill. Isaac. 2 Stephen, 3 Stephen, John, Samuel. Nathan Parker, died 1685 ; 2 John, Robert, Peter. — 2 John, died 1738, aged 85 ; 3 John, Nathan, Benjamin, James. — 3 John, Jonathan.* Richard Barker, d. 1693, 2 John, Ebenezer, William, Richard, Stephen, Benjamin. — 2 John deacon, d. 1722 with small pox, 3 John, Richard. * Asa Parker, deacon of the 2d church of Boxford, died 1820, aged 90. Having •ngaged to stone a cellar for a blacksmith in Boxford, and thinking it possible to split stones with wedges, proposed to the blacksmith to prepare some wedges, and cases and assist in making the experiment. They first tried upon a stone about the size of a half bushel measure and succeeded ; they tried a larger stone with equal success. This took place about 1773, and is supposed to bo the first attempt at splitting stones in this part of the country. The business of splitting and ham- mering stones, soon engaged the attention of others, and hag become a useful and lucrative employment. SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 21 3 John, 4 John, Ephraim. 2 Ebenezer, d. 1747, aged 95 ; 3 Ebenezer, Nathan. 2 William., d. 1718, aged 72 ; Mary, his wife, d. 1744, aged 8S ; 3 William, John. — 3 Sam uel deacon, d. 1706, aged 83 ; 4 Samuel — widow Elizabeth, d. 1779, aged 83. 2 Richard — 3 Richard, 4 Abiel. 2 Stephen, 3 Stephen, Zebadiah, James. 2 Benjamin, d. 1750, aged 83 ; Benjamin, Joseph, Hannaniah, d. L767, aged 82. John Stevens, d. 1662 ; 2 John, Nathan, Ephraim, Jo- seph, Benjamin. 2 Nathan is said to be the first white male child born in Andover. He had no son, die i Feb. 1718, aged 74. 2 Ephraim, d.1718, aged 69, and 2 Benjamin Esq. d. 1730, aged 73, without sons. 2 John, 3 John, Nathan, Ephraim, Ebenezer, Joshua, Samuel, David, Abiel, Benjamin. 3 John, 4 John, Timothy. — 4 John, 5 John, Isaac, Thomas, Jonathan, Daniel, Bemsley, Simon. — 4 Timothy, 5 Timothy. — 3 Nathan, 4 Nathan, 5 Nathan. 3 Ebenezer, 4 Aaron, Ebenezer, Phinehas Rev. Bosca- wen, Asa, Jacob. 4 Ebenezer, 5 Amos. — 4 Asa Capt. d. 1755, aged 38; 5 Asa, William, Simeon. 4 Jacob, 5 James, Ebenezer. — 3 Samuel, 4 Samuel, Joshua, David. — 4 Samuel, Peter. 3 Abiel, 4 John, Nathan, Abiel, David. — 4 John, 5 Abi- el. — 4 Abiel, 5 David. 3 Benjamin, 4 Benjamin, 5 Benjamin. John, Ebenezer. 2 Joseph deacon, d. 1743, aged 88 ; 3 Joseph Rev. Charlestown, James, Benjamin. 3 Joseph, 4 Benjamin, D. D. Kittery. — 3 James Capt. 4 James, Joseph, Benjamin. 22 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 4 James, Jonathan, James. — 4 Joseph, 5 Joseph, Jona- than, Zechariah, Cyrus. 3 Benjamin, 4 Benjamin, Theodore, George. Nicholas Holt, died 1G35 ; 2 Samuel, Henry, Nicholas, James, John. — Wid. Martha, d. 1703, aged 80. 2 Samuel, d. 1703.— 3 Samuel, d. 1747, ag. 77, 4 Oba- diah. 2 Henry, 3 Oliver, Henry, James, George, Josiah, Paul, William, Humphrey, Benjamin. 3 Oliver, 4 Oliver, David, Uriah, Jonathan, Joseph, Benjamin, Jacob, Thomas, William. — 4 Jacob, 5 Jacob, Nehemiah, David. — 5 Jacob, 6 Jacob, Nehemiah, Ephraim Esq. Stephen, Uriah Esq. David. 3 Henry, 4 Ephraim. — 3 George, 4 George. — 4 Jona- than, d.1791, aged 80; 5 Jonathan deacon, Albany, Moses, H. U. Portland. 2 Nicholas, d. 1715; 3 Nicholas, Thomas. James died in the war 1722. Robert, Abiel, Joshua, Daniel. 3 Nicholas, 4 Stephen, Nicholas Esq. Bluehill, Benja- min, Pembroke, Timothy Capt. Wilton, James, Nathan Rev. Joshua, Daniel. — 4 Joshua Esq.* 5 Joshua deacon Greenfield, N. H. Peter Rev. Peterborough, John. Green- field, Timothy, Peterborough, Salomon deacon, Stephen deacon, Greenfield. — 4 Daniel, 5 Daniel deacon, Ashby. 3 Thomas, Joseph, Abiel. 2 James, 3 Timothy, Joseph, James, Barzillai. — 3 Tim- othy, 4 James, Timothy, Joseph. 4 Joseph, H. Coll. Wilton, 5 Joseph, Simeon, Valentine. 2 John, 3 Moses and Aaron. — 3 John, 4 Jeremiah, Wil- ton, d. 1816, aged 70; Amos, d. 1820, aged 80 ; 4 Daniel, d. 1778, aged 32.— 3 Moses, 4 Moses. * Joshua Holt Esq., a man of sound judgment, firmness and integrity, had the confidence and respect of his townsmen, was often a representative in the Gen- eral Court, and thirty four years a deacon in the S. Church, and exhihited a good christian character. SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 23 Edmond Faulkner, died 1687 ; 2 Francis, John. 2 Francis, d. 1732, aged 80; Edmond, Ammi-ruham- mah, Paul. 3 Edmond, 4 John. 2 John d. 1706 ; Daniel, Joseph, d. 1780, aged 86 ; Ne- hemiah. John Frye, d. 1698, aged 92; 2 John deacon, d. 1696, having no children. 2 Samuel, James, Benjamin. — 2 Sam- uel, wid. Mary d. 1749, aged 93 ; 3 Samuel, Nathan, Eben- ezer, Benjamin Capt. Salem. — 3 Samuel, 4 Peter Col. Sa- lem, William, Samuel, James, Timothy, John. — 4 William, 5 Philip, Moses, Peter Capt. Isaac, Daniel Capt. Nathan, William, Benjamin.— 4 Samuel, d. 1812, aged 88 ; 5 Theo- philus, Samuel. — 4 James, 5 James, Zechariah. — 4 Timothy, 5 Timothy, Ezekiel, Jedidiah, Peter. — 4 John, 5 Samuel, Peter. — 3 Ebenezer, 4 Ebenezer, David Capt. Jonathan, John Esq. — 4 Ebenezer, 5 Ebenezer Capt. David, John. — 3 John, 4 John, Joseph Gen. Abiel, Joshua, Isaac. — 4 Jo- seph Gen. Joseph Capt. Samuel, Nathaniel. — 4 Abiel 5 Abiel, Isaac Maj. Simon Hon. — 4 Joshua, Joshua, John. — 2 James Capt. d. 1734, aged 81; 3 James, Jonathan, killed in Lovewell's fight, 1725. — 3 James ; 4 James Col. 5 James, Methuen, d. 1826, ag. 86 ; Jonathan, H. Coll. Frederic Esq. — 2 Benjamin, 3 John, Nathaniel Capt. d. 1777, aged 86. — 3 John, 4 Timothy, Joseph, Benjamin. — 4 Timothy, 5 John Capt. Nathaniel. — 4 Joseph, 5 Benjamin, Nathaniel. 4 Joseph Frye, born April 1711, was justice of peace, representative in the General Court, and useful in the affairs of the town. He served in the war of 1755, and was at the siege of Louisburgh. He was Colonel at the unfortunate capture of Fort William Henry by Montcalm, in 1 "757. " La Corne, who had great influence among the savages sent for Col. Frye, commanding the Massachusetts reg- iment, and informed him that he well remembered the hu- 24 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. manity he had shown to his countrymen in Nova Scotia ; that he should embrace the present opportunity to express his gratitude, and reward his humanity ; and that neither he nor any of the Massachusetts troops, should receive in- sult or injury from the Indians. But during the whole transaction, he kept at a distance, nor did he send a party to afford the promised protection, nor use his influence to moderate the vengeance of the Indians. In the confusion consequent on the attack upon the defenceless troops, an Indian chief seized Col. Frye, plun- dered and stripped him of his clothes, even to his shirt, and then led him into the woods in a direction and manner which left no doubt as to the design of the ferocious chief. Arriving at a secluded spot, where the Colonel expected to meet his fate, he determined to make one effort for his life, and roused by desperation, with no other arms than na- ture gave him, he sprang upon the savage, overpowered and killed him on the spot, and fleeing rapidly into a thick wood, he eluded the search of the Indians. After wander- ing in various directions, for several days, subsisting whol- ly on whortleberries, he reached Fort Edward and joined his suffering companions."* He was appointed Major General on the 21st June 1775, by the Provincial Congress. He continued a short time with the troops at Cambridge in the revolutionary war. He with his family moved to Fryeburgh among the ear- ly settlers, from whom the town received its name. 4 James Frye sustained various municipal offices, and was active in the service of his country. He was in the war of 1755 ; and at the commencement of the revolution- ary war was Colonel in the militia. He commanded a regiment at Cambridge, of which James Bricket was Lt. Colonel, and Thomas Poor was Major. On the memora- * Hoyt's History of Indian ware, p. 291. SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. -25 able day of the battle of Bunker hill, while Major Gridley's battalion of artillery was halted on the road to Charles- town, Col. Frye (who was absent from his regiment the day before on duty, but the battle approaching had found his way to the field) riding for Charlestovvn, galloped up to them and demanded of the senior Captain, why this un- seasonable halt ! was astonished at the reply, and ordered them instantly to the field. This veteran also animated their courage by the glorious recollection, 'this day thirty years since, I was at the taking of Louisburg, when it was surrendered to us ; it is a fortunate day for America ; we shall certainly beat the enemy.' "* In Col. Frye's reg- iment 15 men were killed, and 31 wounded in Bunker hill battle. He died Jan. 1776, ag. 66. 5 Simon Frye moved with his family to Fryeburg among the adventurers who first settled in that town. A number of fam- ilies from Andover settled there, when they were obliged to travel 50 miles through the woods, and it was difficult to pass several large streams. He was an exemplary and useful citizen, an active supporter of the revolution, and of the State and General Government, and enjoyed much of the fa- vour of the people. He was a member of the house of Representatives, of the Senate and of the Council for near- ly 20 years; and was a justice of the C. C. P. in York county, and chief Justice of the same court in the county of Oxford. He died Oct. 1822, ag. 82 years. Robert Barnard, 2 John, Stephen. — 2 John, — 3 John, 4 John. 2 Stephen, died 1722, ag. 73 ; 3 Nathaniel, James, Robert, Stephen. 3 Robert, 4 Robert, Benjamin. — 4 Robert, Stow, 5 Jer- emiah Rev. Amherst, N. H. his mother, Wid. Mary, died 13 Oct. 1823, ag. 101 vears and 6 months. * Swett's History of Bunker hill Battle. 3 26' HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 3 James, 4 James. 3 Stephen, 4 Stephen. Henry Jaques, Richard Blake, Thomas Poor died 1695, had no children in Andover. John Aslett, died 1671, 2 John — none of the family re- main in town. Daniel Poor, died 1713, aged 85 ; 2 Daniel, John. — 2 Daniel, d. 1735, aged 79 ; 3 Daniel, John, Samuel, Jo- seph, Thomas. — 3 Daniel, d. 1772, aged 84 ; 4 Timothy, Daniel. — 4 Timothy, 5 Theodore. 3 John, 4 John d. 1811, aged 94, ate 72 annual thanks- giving dinners with his wife after marriage — she died Jan. 6th, 1820, aged 98. 5 John, 6 John, Henry, Timothy colo- nel. — 3 Joseph died 1780, ag. 79. 3 Thomas, 4 Thomas col- onel, Methuen, Enoch General, Exeter, Daniel deacon, South Parish, Joseph deacon, Danvers, Abraham. 3 Samuel. — 4 Benjamin deacon, Andover, Me. 5 Ben- jamin, Belfast — 4 Ebenezer, Andover, Me. 5 Ebenezer, physician, Senator, Castine. 4 Enoch Poor, in 1775, was appointed to the command of one of the N. Hampshire regiments. He served in the war five years ; and died in N. Jersey, 8th Sept. 1780, ag. 43. A funeral oration was delivered at his interment at Hackin- sackby Rev. Israel Evans, his chaplain, in which his charac- ter is thus given. "He was prudent in counsel and solid in judgment, firm and steady in his resolutions, cautiousof unne- cessary danger, calm and undaunted in battle, vigorous and unwearied in obeying military commands, and executing enterprises ; patient and persevering under hardships and difficulties, punctual and exact in the duties of the army. — He was a friend of the moral and social virtues, and taught the excellence of them by his own example. He was an advocate for public worship, always assembling the troops under his command, on all proper occasions, and giving his own personal attendance. SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 27 "From Boston to Canada, from Canada to the fortresses on lake Champlain, from thence in various marches, en- counters and hardships, until his troops fought the army of Burgoyne on the heights of Behmus, where in repeated lai- ties, and in the convention of Saratoga, he was entitled to a large share of those laurels, which crowned the American arms." In 1779, he accompanied Gen. Sullivan in the wil- derness as far as the Genesee and defeated the savage en- emy. In 1780, he commanded a brigade under Maj. Gen. La Fayette. William Ballard, 2 Joseph, William, John. — 2 Joseph d. 1722, 3 Joseph, William, Hezekiah, Uriah. — 3 Joseph d. 1732, aged 65. 4 Jeremiah, Joseph, Josiah, Benjamin, Timothy— 4 Josiah, d. 1780, aged 81 ; 5 William,- 4 Tim- othy, 5 Timothy, John, Nathan, Joseph. — 5 Timothy, 6 Timothy, William, Joshua — 5 Nathan, Concord, 6 Nathan, John. 4 Benjamin, 5 Joseph physician, Concord. 3 Hezekiah, 4 Hezekiah deacon, 5 Hezekiah. 3 Uri- ah, 4 Uriah d. 1803, aged 90 ; 5 Uriah, Fryeburg. 2 William, 3 Enoch, John, Peleg, Thomas. 2 John d. 1715, aged 62 ; 3 John, Jonathan, 3 Shere. biah, 4 John. John Lovejoy d. 1690 ; 2 John, William, Christopher, Joseph, Nathaniel, Ebenezer. 2 John, 3 John 2 William deacon, 3 William, Hen- ry, Caleb, Samuel. 3 William, 4 William Capt..— 3 Henry, 4 Henry, Da- vid, Joshua, 4 Henry d. 1796, aged 92. 5 William, 6 William, Samuel Maj. Wilton. Henry, David. — 4 Joshua, 5 Joshua Esq. deacon, Sanbornton. 2 Christopher, d. 1737, aged 76 ; 3 Christopher, d. 1732 aged 45 3 Hezekiah ; Widow Hannah died 1805, aged 101 years, having had 336 descendants ; 4 Hezekiah-, Capt., Amherst. 5 Jonathan, Jonathan. 28 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. 2 Joseph, d. 1737, aged 76. 3 Joseph, ^Benjamin, 4 John. 2 Nathaniel d. 1751, aged 84. 3 Nathaniel, Timothy, Ezekiel — 3 Nathaniel Capt. 4 Nathaniel Gen. H. U. 2 Ebenezer died 1759, aged 86. 3 Ebenezer, John — 3 Ebenezer, 4 Ebenezer — Wid. Mary Lovejoy died 1795, aged 98 ; average age of five sons of John Lovejoy is 83 years and 7 months. Andrew Allen, died 1690 — 2 Andrew, John — 2 An- drew, 3 James, Andrew, Thomas — 3 Andrew, 4 James, John — 2 John, 3 John. John Russ, died 1692, 2 John, Jonathan, Thomas, Josiah, Joseph. 2 Thomas, 3 Thomas. — None of the name now in An* dover. George Abbot married Hannah Chandler, 1647, died Dec. 1681 ; she died June, 1711, aged 82, 2 John, Joseph, killed by the Indians, 1676, George, William, Benjamin, Timothy, Thomas, Nathaniel, Hannah, Sarah, Elizabeth; ten had families in Andover and 72 children ; 30 of these had families in Andover, and 14 in other places; average age of the ten 67 years and 8 months. — 2 John deacon, died 1721, aged 73; 3 John, Joseph, Stephen, Ephraim, Joshua, Ebenezer, Sarah, Priscilla ; average of the eight 80 years and 3 months. — 3 John deacon, died 1754, aged 79; 4 John, Barachias, Abiel H. Coll. Joseph ; average age of three, 78 years 10 months. — 4 John Capt. died 1793, aged 89 ; 5 John, Ezra died 1760, in the war, Abiel, Jeremiah, William— 5 John Capt. died 1818, aged 82, 6 John H. U. Ezra, Benjamin L L. D. Exeter, Abiel D. D. Beverly. — 5 Abiel Esq. deacon.Wilton, died 1809, aged 68, 6 Abiel H. U. Jacob H. U. Benjamin Esq. Temple Me. died 1823, aged 53; Ezra deacon, Samuel H. U. — 5 Jtre?niah, Wilton, died 1825, aged 82 ; 6 Jeremiah, Zebadiah — 5 William SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 20 Esq. Wilton, died 1793, aged 45, P William H. JJ. Cas- tine, John physician, Hampden, Timothy Esq. Herman physician Belfast, died 1825, aged 42, Ezra Esq. Jackson, Isaac Esq. Jackson, Me. — 4 Barachias died 1784, aged 77, 5 Moses Capt. died 1826, aged 90. Barachias, Wilton, died 1812, aged 73. — 4 Joseph, Chester Vt. died 1789, aged 70, 5 Joseph, Abiel, John, Ebenezer. — 3 Joseph, died 1757, aged 80, 4 Joseph, 5 Joseph, Andover, Vt. — 3 Stephen, died 1766, aged 82, 4 Stephen, Ephraim, Samuel.- 4 Stephen, 5 Stephen Capt. in revolutionary war, Major General of Es- sex militia, merchant, Salem, a benevolent and useful citi- zen, died 1813, aged 64, George, Abner, Albany, Me. — 4 Ephraim, 5 Ephraim, miller — 3 Ephraim, died 1748, aged 66, 4 Ephraim, Amherst, N. H. Joshua, Amherst, Daniel, Josiah, Amherst, Ebenezer, Peter, Kingston, N. H.- 3 Josh- ua, Billerica about 1708, deacon, town clerk 31 years, died 1769, aged 84. 4 Joshua deacon, died 1807, aged 85, with- out issue, John, Oliver, died 1796, aged 69, leaving no sons, David — 4 John deacon, Westford, died 1791, aged 78, 5 John, 6 John H. U. Counsellor at law, Senator, &c. 7 John W. Pitt, H. U.— 6 Abel, 7 Julian, H. U.— 4 David died 1801, aged 72, 5 David H. U. died 1804, aged 33, Blaney Esq. — 3 Ebenezer, 4 Isaac, James physician, Dra- cut — 4 Isaac, 5 Ebenezer, Isaac, Simon, moved to Frye- burg — 2 George Capt. died 1736, aged 81, 3 Joseph, Na- than, Daniel, George, Henry, Isaac — 3 George Capt. died 1768, aged 75, 4 George, Samuel Esq. merchant, Boston, removed to Andover 1776, a founder of the Theological Institution, to which he gave the greater part of a very large estate ; died April 1812, aged 80, without children. His wife died 1816, aged 89.— 4 George Esq. Col. died Dec. 1775, aged 51, 6 George merchant, Salem, died 1784, aged 36, John Lovejoy, Samuel H. U.- 5 John Love* joy Esq. 6 John Lovejoy H. U. George Capt. died 1822, 3* 30 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. aged 37; Samuel, William Lovejoy — 3 Henry died 1776, aged 80, 4 Henry Capt. died 1805, aged 80, 5 Henry H. U. Isaac. 3 Isaac H. U. deacon died 1784, aged 85. — 4 Isaac deacon, 5 Isaac, William, Concord N. H. — ^William died 1713, aged 56, 3 James, Paul, Philip — 3 James Concord, about 1737 died 1778, aged 83. 4 James, Reuben died 1822, aged 99 and 10 months; Amos died 1821, aged 95. — 3 Paul, Pomfret, Con. 4 Nathan, William, Darius, Benjamin, Isaac, Asa — 3 Philip, Hampton, Con. 4 Joseph Col. Ellington. No male Descendants of 2 William remain in Andover — 2 Benjamin died 1703, aged 41, 3 Benjamin, Jonathan, David, Samuel no children — 3 Benjamin, 4 Benjamin, Dan- iel, Abiel, Jacob died 1760 in the war — 4 Benjamin Capt. Hollis, 5 Benjamin, Samuel, George, Joel, Jacob. — 4 Daniel Dracut, died 1793, aged 67, 5 Daniel, William, Samuel, Jonathan. — 4 Abiel physician, 5 Abiel, Benjamin Capt. deacon, Newbury port. 3 Jonathan, died 1770, aged 82, 4 Jonathan, David, Pembroke, N. H. Nathan, died 1798, aged 80, Job, Sam- uel, Pembroke. 4 Jonathan, died 1794, aged 80, 5 Jonathan, William, Wilton died 1807, aged 61. Nathan. 5 Jonathan, died 1721, aged 81, 6 Jonathan, Bethel, Me* Stephen Capt. — 4 Job, Pembroke, 5 Nathan, Job Wilton — 5 Nathan deacon 6 Nathan, Job Capt. Abel Capt. Paschal deacon, Jeremiah, Amos Dexter, Me. Joshua Dexter — 3 David, 4 David, Solomon, Jonathan — 4 David, 5 Josiah, Samuel, David, Benjamin — 4 Solomon, Dracut, 5 Solomon, Colby, 4 Jonathan, Capt. died 1817, aged 78, 5 Jonathan, David, Nathan, Benjamin, Solomon — 2 Timothy, died 1730, aged 67,— 3 Timothy, died 1766, aged 73, 4 Timothy, Asa, Nathan, — 4 ^4sadied 1796, aged 75; Elizabeth his wife died 1819, aged 93, 5 Timothy, Caleb, Daniel died 1776, in the army, Nathan Billerica — 5 Timothy died 1826, aged 80 : SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 31 « Asa, Daniel H. U.— 5 Caleb, 6 Caleb Capt. Chelmsford, Timothy, Orlando, Charles, Gardner, Samuel, Daniel — 4 Nathan Wilton, 5 Paul, Nathan, Timothy. 2 Thomas, died 1728, aged 62, 3 Thomas, Edward, George, Zebadiah, Benjamin, Isaac. 3 Thomas, died 1774, aged 75, 4 Thomas, Jabez, Con- cord, N. H. Aaron, Fryeburg, Joseph, died at Quebec, 1758, Nathan Concord, Jesse Concord — 4 Thomas, died 1775, aged 46, 5 Thomas Esq. Providence, died 1826, aged 65 — 3 Edward, Concord, 4 Edward, born Jan. 7th. 1731, first white male child born in Concord, Timothy — 3 George deacon, Concord, 4 George, Daniel, Joseph, Samuel, Na- than, Stephen. — 3 Benjamin, Concord, 4 Isaac, 4 Benja- min, 5 Ephraim Rev. Greenland, Benjamin, Hartland, Vt. Isaac, Hartland, Theodore, — 2 Nathaniel, died 1749, aged 78, 3 Nathaniel, Joseph, Jeremiah — 3 Nathaniel 'Capt. Con- cord, 4 Nathaniel, Joshua, Jeremiah, Conway, N. H.— 4 Na- thaniel, 5 Nathaniel C, Moses, Philip, Joshua, Levi, David, Joseph — 4 Joshua Capt. 5 Nathaniel, John Sullivan, Josh- ua Rev. died 1824, Norfolk, Va. 3 Joseph deacon, died 1787, aged 82, 4 Joseph, Jacob, Nathaniel — 4 Joseph, Wilton, 5 Joseph, Keene, Joshua, Nelson, James Esq. Billerica, Israel, Jedidiah — 4 Jacob, Wilton, 5 Jacob, John Stevens H. U. died 1805, aged 25. — 5 Jacob, 6 Jacob, Bowd. Coll. Prof. Am. Coll., John Ste- vens Cabot, B. Coll. Gorham Dummer, B. Coll. Charles Edward, Samuel Phillips.- 4 Nathaniel, Wilton, 5 Nathan- iel, Peter. 3 Jeremiah, Billerica, 4 Jeremiah, William. — 4 Jeremiah, 5 Jeremiah, Jonas, Silas, William. 4 Jacob Abbot, Esq. Wilton, representative to the Gen- eral Court, Counsellor, Justice C. C. P. for Hillsborough Co. ; moved to Andover, a useful Trustee of Phillips Acad- emy ; moved to Brunswick, Me. an active overseer of Bowd. 32 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. Coll. Senator for Cumberland Co. ; died 1820, aged 74. He was sagacious, honest, pleasant, useful, and -respected. Andrew Foster, died 1685, May, aged 100 — 2 An- drew, 3 Abraham died 1723, 4 Joseph, Andrew, Abraham — 4 Jacob died 1806, aged 88. Abigail, his wife died 1802, aged 83, 5 Jacob, Isaac. Thomas Chandler Capt. son of William and Annice died 1703, Hannah his wife died 1717, aged 87, 2 John, William, Thomas, Henry, Joseph — 2 John Capt. died 1721 ; his wife Hannah died 1741, aged 90, 3 John, Zebadiah, Abiel— 3 John* Capt. died 1740, aged 60, 4 John, Joshua. 2 William, 3 Josiah, Philemon, Zechariah — 3 Josiah, Samuel H. U., Jonathan. 3 Philemon, 4 William, Philemon died 1798, aged 81 — 4 William, 5 Isaac, Philemon, Dover. 2 Thomas Capt. died 1737, aged 73. 3 Thomas, Tim- othy, Ephraim, David — 3 Thomas, 4 James H. U. John H. U.— 3 David, 4 David, Daniel, Samuel H. U., John. 2 Henri/, 3 Henry, Samuel, Daniel, Nehemiah. 2 Joseph, died 1734, aged 65, 3 Joseph, Isaac, 3 Na- than, died 1784, aged 77. — 4 Nathan, 5 Nathan, Concord, N. H. 3 Joseph, Salisbury — 4 Joseph Capt. Epping, died 1776, Sept. at Mount Independence, 5 John Monmouth, Me. 1784 — Several years Representative and Senator in the Legislature, Mass. ; Sheriff of Kennebec Co. ; Major Gen- eral of militia ; Brigadier General during the last war; * Capt. John Chandler, celebrated for wrestling, finding no champion who could throw him, and being informed that Rev. Mr Wise of Ipswich excelled in this art and had not been thrown, made a journey on purpose to try his strength and skill. Mr. Wise on being requested to wrestle declined, having relinquished the practice as unsuitable to his profession. Being earnestly solicited by Mr. Chandler, they went into the door yard, which was fenced by a wall set into the bank, took hold and began to play, when Mr. Wise suddenly with a trip and twitch threw him over the wall upon his back. Mr. Chandler rose and requested another trial, but Mr. Wise refused. So the Capt. returned home sadly disappointed. SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 33 1805, four years Representative to Congress ; 1820 Sen- ator of the Congress of the U. S. ; 1823, reelected to the same office for the term of six years. A Trustee of Bow- doin College. Job Tyler. 2 Moses died 1727 aged 85. 2 Hopestill, Samuel — 2 Moses, 3 Moses, John, Joseph, Ebenezer, Job, Samuel, Nathaniel, Jonathan, James, Joshua. 2 Hopestill, 3 James, Hopestill — s John, 3 John, Na- than, Robert. Edmond Ingalls came from Lincolnshire to Lynn, 1629 ; his sons were 2 Samuel, Henry and Joseph. Samuel has posterity in Lynn. 2 Henry settled in Andover, died 1719, aged 92, wid. Sarah died 1728, aged 90, 3 Henry, Stephen, John, James, Josiah, Francis — 3 Henry, 4 Henry, Francis, Joseph — 4 Henry, 5 Henry, David, John, Isaac — 5 Henry Capt. died 1803, aged 84, 6 Henry, Solomon deacon, Daniel, Putnam — 5 David, David, Israel— 5 John, 6 John Col. Jed- idiah H. U. — 4 Francis, 5 Ebenezer, Francis, Abijah — b Eb- enezer, 6 Samuel, James — 5 Abijah, 6 Jeremiah, Jonathan, Hutchinson, Ezra — 4 Joseph, 5 Joseph, 5 Calvin & C. Rev. Stafford — 5 Joshua, 6 Stephen, Simon— 3 James, 4 James, 5 James Esq., Ephraim — 5 James, 6 Charles D. Coll. 1790, Attorney, Alfred — 3 Josiah, 4 Josiah deacon, 5 Ebenezer Amos, Simeon, Jonathan —3 Samuel, 4 Samuel, Moses — 4 Samuel deacon, 5 Samuel, Timothy — 4 Moses, 5 Daniel, Benjamin, William, John — 5 Daniel, 6 Samuel, Fletcher — 5 Benjamin, Micajah Capt.— 5 William Newburyport, Wil- liam H. U. 1790, M. D. Boston— 3 Stephen, 4 Ephraim, 5 Ephraim — 3 John, 4 John, Stephen, Benjamin- 4 ./^/?, John — 4 Stephen, 5 Stephen — 4 Benjamin, 5 Benjamin — 3 Fran- cis, 4 Nathan, Josiah, Phinehas deacon, Francis, Jonathan. Ralph Farkvm married Elizabeth Holt, 1658, 2 Ralph, John, Henry, Thomas, Ephraim— 2 Ralph, 3 Henry, Ralph, 34 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. Daniel, William, Nathaniel, Barachias, Benjamin, Josiah — Henry, Henry, Manasseh — 2 John, 3 John deacon, died 1762, aged 77. Wid. Joanna, died 1785, aged 98—3 James, 4 James— 2 Ephraim, 3 Ephraim, James, Joseph. Thomas Farnum, married Elizabeth Sibborn 16G0, 2 Thomas, 3 Ebenezer. John Farnum and Rebekah Kent were married 1667, 2 John, Stephen, Jonathan, Thomas, David — 2 John, 3 John — 2 Jonathan, 3 Jonathan — 2 David, 3 Peter. George Abbot, son of George, who died at Rowley 1647, leaving two other sons, Nehemiah and Thomas, was married to Sarah Farnum, 1658 ; He died 1689. 2 George, John, Nehemiah, Samuel; 2 George died 1724, aged 66, 3 George, Uriah, Jacob, Brookfield, Obed, Bedford, Moses — 3 Uriah died 1770, aged 77, 4 John, Uriah, William, 4 John died 1779, aged 54, 5 Nehemiah, 6 John, Portsmouth, Butler, Newburyport — 3 Obed, Bedford, 4 Moses, has pos- terity in Bedford — 2 Nehemiah deacon, esteemed for his christian virtues, died 1750, aged 83, 3 Nehemiah, Abiel, settled in Windsor, Con. Zebadiah, John Tolland, Con. — 3 Nehemiali Lexington, 4 Nehemiah physician Chelmsford, died 1785. William, Joseph,— 4 William died 1798, aged 74, 5 Jeduthan, Bigsby — 5 Jeduthan Capt. 6 -eduthan, Amos deacon — 5 Bigsby, 6 William, Benjamin Col. Joseph, Hen- ry, Asa, Samuel, Nehemiah, Timothy, Warren M. D. — 3 Zebadiah, 4 Nehemiah, Zebadiah — 4 Nehemiah died 1808, aged 77. Trustee and Treasurer of Phillips Academy, 5 Nehemiah, Abiel, William Lovejoy H. U. 5 Abiel, Nehemiah — 4 Zebadiah deacon, trader, died 1793, aged 54, 5 Zebadiah deacon, Herman. 3 Obed was on the committee to attend the council at the ordination of Mr. Penniman. When the Council as- sembled, Mr. C. objected against Mr. E. sitting in council. The council entered into conversation on the subject, and SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 35 delayed so long, that the people were apprehensive that the ordination would not be performed that day. Mr. Abbot cal- led for a bowl, lemons, sugar, &x. made a bowl full of punch, carried it to the council chamber, begged leave to call the attention of the gentlemen a moment, said, that they had been laboring a long time and needed refreshment, and hoped they would receive it kindly; and, if perchance, they should discover a fly or mote in the punch, they would carefully remove it without spilling all the punch or break- ing the bowl. The gentlemen with good humour drank the punch, took the hint and proceeded immediately to thb business of the ordination. Thomas Abbot married Sarah Steward, 1664, 2 Thom- as, Joseph, Nathaniel, John — 2 Thomas died 1753, aged 86, 3 Thomas — 2 Nathaniel, 3 Nathaniel — 2 John, 3 John, Jonathan, Philip, John. These with families moved to Andover, Me., and no descendants of Thomas remain in town. Mark Graves, 2 Abraham, Mark, Thomas — 2 Abra- ham, wid. Sarah died 1759, aged 90, 3 Samuel, Thomas, Eleazer, John. Descendants have left Andover. Wid. Sarah died 1787, aged 80. Stephen Johnson, 2 Francis, born 1666. Stephen, Joseph, Benjamin— 2 Francis, 3 Francis, Adam, Samuel, Jonathan, William. Thomas Johnson, died 1719, aged 88, 2 John, died 1741, aged 74. Thomas, James, Peter, 2 Josiah, 3 David — 2 James, 3 James, Andrew, Peter, Obadiah died 1780, aged 81. Joseph — 4 James, 3 James, Peter. Timothy Johnson, 2 T ohn born 1677, Timothy, Sam- uel, Peter — 2 John died 1761, aged 84, 3 John, 4 John — s Timothy, 3 Timothy, Samuel. William Johnson, died 1725, aged 75, 2 Benjamin, William, Caleb— 2 Benjamin, 3 Benjamin. Col. Samuel 86 HISTORY OF ANBOVER. Johnson, died Nov. 12, 1796, Mt. 84, active and useful in the affairs of the town and esteemed. Major Samuel Johnson died August 1824, aged 81, an active officer in the war of the revolution. Robert Russell, died 1710, aged 80, 2 Robert, Thomas, Joseph, Benjamin, John — 2 Robert died 1689, in war, 3 Thomas — 2 Thomas died 1731, aged 68, 3 Thom- as, Peter, Joseph — 2 Benjamin, 3 Benjamin— 2 James, 3 Thomas— ^John, died 1778, aged 96 years 4 months 3 John, Joseph. Walter Wright, died 1712, aged 70, 2 Walter, born 1668, Christopher, John, Thomas, Joseph — 2 John, John, Joshua. Wid. Mary, died 1754, aged 80— 2 Joseph, Jo- seph. Joseph Robinson, died 1719, aged 75, 2 Dane, 2 Jo- seph died 1761, aged 83. Joseph, — 2 Dane, 3 Dane. Joshua Woodman, died 1703, aged 67, in Byfield, 2 Joshua born 1672, Jonathan, Benjamin. Joseph Marble, married to Mary Faulkner 1671, 2 Jo- seph, 'onathan, Edmond. Samuel Marble, 2 Samuel, born 1660, Freegrace, Enoch, Noah, Daniel, Job and Rebekah, twins, born 1695. John Remington, 2 Joseph, born 1650, Thomas. Robert Eimes, or Ames, 2 Daniel born 1663, John, Robert, Jacob, Joseph, Nathan, — 2 John, 3 John. Samuel Preston, died 1738, aged 85, 2 Samuel, Wil- liam, Jacob, John, Joseph — 2 Samuel died 1717, aged 45, 3 Samuel, Isaac — 2 Jacob, 3 Benjamin — 2 John, 3 Thomas,, John — 2 Joseph, 3 Joseph. Alexander Sessions, 2 John, born 1674, Alexander, Timothy, Samuel, Nehemiah, Josiah, Joseph. Daniel Bigsbie, died 1717, aged 66, 2 Daniel, Thom- as, David, Joseph. Henry Gray, came to Andover with 2 Robert, died SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 87 1718, aged 84, 3 Edward, Thomas, Braviter, Aaron — Edward, died 1759, aged 80, 4 Edward, Henry, Samu- el, Aaron— 3 Braviter, 4 Joseph, Braviter — ^Robert, 3 Jon- athan, Timothy deacon, Wilton died 1793, aged 74. 5 Tim- othy, James Best and Jonathan, died in the war, Joseph. Samuel Wardwell, died J 692. 2 William, Samuel, Eliakim, Wid. Margaret died 1795, aged 88.-2 William, died 1751, aged 78, William, died 1789, aged 83. Jon- athan, John - 2 Samuel, 5 Samuel. John Marstin, 2 Ephraim born 1174, Benjamin, John. Jacob Marstin, died 1727, 2 Jacob, born 1688. Daniel, John, Samuel. William Blunt, died 1709, aged 67, 2 William, Sam- uel, Hanburough— 3 William, died 1738, aged 67, David, John H. U. 'onathan, Ebenezer. Isaac died 1798, aged 87. Andrew Peters, died 1713, aged 77, came with his family, 2 Andrew, William, John, Samuel — 2 Andrew, 3 An- drew, 3 Andrew, Sibbon. — 9 William, 3 John — 2 Samue I, died 1736, 3 Samuel, born 1697, Andrew Rev. William, John Beamsley — 2 Samuel, Joseph— 3 William, Medfield, died 1786 or 7, aged 85. Hannah, his wife died 1796, aged 93, 4 Joseph died 1800, aged 71, Benjamin aged 72, Ma- ry aged 81, Adam 79, Eve 87, Taphenes 77, Andrew 80, Nathan 77, Jethro, living in 1824, aged 80, Finis died 1822, aged 73 ; Average age often 77 years and 8 months. - 3 John,* John Esq. Bluehill, died 1823, aged 30, Andrew, died 1825, aged 80, Ariel, Joseph. — 4 John, 5 John, James Lemuel, Daniel — 4 Andrew, 5 Andrew, John, Daniel — 3 Joseph, Henry A. H. U. John, Joseph, Jeremy. John Bridges, died 1736, 2 James, Samuel— 2 James, 3 James, John, — 3 John, 4 Moody died 1736, James, John. — 4 James, 5 Moody col. Joseph Wilson, died 1718, aged 75, son, as it is said, of Rev. John Wilson, Boston, 2 Joseph born 1677, John — 4 38 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. 2 Joseph, 3 Joseph — 2 John, 3 John, 5 Joshua deacon, Abiel Esq, Wilton. Edward Phelps, 2 Edward, John — 2 Edward, 3 Ed- ward, Robert. Samuel Phelps, died 1746, aged 95, 2 Samuel, John, Joseph, Thomas — 2 Samuel, 3 Samuel, Wid. Hannah, died 1746, aged 94. Francis, Joseph — ? Samuel, died 1756, in war, 4 Joshua, Henry — 3 Francis, 4 Timothy, Joseph — 4 Joseph died 1822, aged 78. 5 Joseph, Elisha, Wid. Eliz- abeth died 1828, aged 92. Moses Haggett, 2 Moses, William, Timothy, Thom- as — 2 Moses, 3 Moses, Henry. John Granger, died 1725, aged 70, 2 John, Daniel, Samuel. Abraham Moar, died 1706, 2 Timothy born 1688, Abraham, Daniel. Samuel Martin, wid. Abigail, died 1739, aged 87. 2 Samuel, born 1680, John, Nathaniel — 2 John, died 1764, aged 79, 3 Joseph, Jonathan W r ilton, died 1824, aged 91. Ephraim Foster, died 1746, aged 88, 2 Ephraim, John, David, Moses, Joshua, Aaron — 2 Ephraim, 3 Jedidi- ah H. C. 4 Theodore senator U. S. Dwight senator U. S. — 2 John, 3 John, Stephen— 3 John, 4 John, Ephraim, Wil- liam — 4 John, Joseph, Jonas, Moody — 4 William, 5 William, Jacob, John, Israel — 3 Stephen, 4 David, Stephen, Simeon, John, Nathan, Daniel — 4 David, 5 Samuel, Moses— 4 Ste- phen, 5 Stephen, John, Samuel, Joseph, Ebenezer — 4 John, Stephen Rev. Isaac — 4 Nathan, Nathan — 4 Daniel, Daniel, John — 2 David deacon, 3 David ~ 2 Moses, Pem- broke, 3 Ephraim, Moses, Asa, Caleb, Daniel— 4 Asa 5 Asa, Oliver, Richard, Joseph F., Stephen, Frederic, Moses — *Caleb, 4 Caleb.— 2 Aaron, Bolton, 3 Elijah. John Aslebe, died 1728, aged 72, Wid. Mary, died 1740, aged 84, 2 John. SETTLEMENT AND SETTLERS. 39 John Carlton, died 1745, aged 87. 2 John, Christo- pher, Joseph, Daniel, 2 John, 3 Joshua, 2 Christopher/ 3 Isaac. — 2 Joseph, 3 .ioseph. Laurence Lacy, 2 Laurence born 1683. Thomas Austin, 2 Thomas, born 1 69 J. Benjamin, Dan- iel, Abiel. Samuel Austin, died 1753, aged 83. Wid. Lucy, died 1759, aged 88. 2 Samuel, 3 John, Daniel. Robert Swan, 2 Richard, born 1691 — Joshua, 3 Josh- ua, Caleb Capt. Henry Bodwell, 2 Josiah, born 1686, Henry, James, Daniel — 2 James, 3 James. John Farrington, 2 Edward, born 1662 in England, came from Lynn to Andover- 2 Edward, 3 John, born 1693, Jacob, Edward, 3 Daniel, 4 Daniel Capt. moved to Frye- burg 1764, died 1819, aged 88, Thomas, Jacob, Phinehas Wilton, Philip Capt. John, Wilton, died 1802, aged 48. Thomas Carrier, from Wales, died in Colchester, Con. aged 109 years. 2 Thomas, Richard, Andrew — 2 Thomas, 3 Thomas — 2 Richard, 3 John. Samuel Blanchard, born, Aug. 1629, came to N. Eng- land, 1639, married, 1654, 2 Jonathan, Joseph, Thomas,, John. Samuel moved from Charlestown to Andover 1686, died April 1707, aged 77. Jonathan and Thomas settled in Andover — 2 Jonathan, 3 Jonathan born 1686, David, Ja- cob, Benjamin. 2 Thomas, died 1759, aged 85, 3 Thomas, born 1700. Joseph, Josiah, Nathaniel, Isaac. 3 Josiah, died 1783, aged 78, 4 Josiah, Joshua, Benja- min,— 4 Joshua Wilton, 5 Joshua Capt. Amos deacon, Andover. Abel physician Pembroke, N. H. 4 Benjamin, Wilton, 5 Benjamin, Isaac, Joseph Emery, died 1721, 3 Joseph, born 1696. John Gutterson, 2 John, born 1692, William, Sam- uel, 40 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. Hugh Stone, 2 John, Simon, Daniel, Hugh — 2 John, 3 John, Joseph. The first settlers of Andover, like the other settlers of New England were puritans, and left their native country to enjoy civil and religious liberty. They were men of stout hearts, braved the ocean and the greater hardships of the wilderness. Their resolution and fortitude were equal to their trying situation. They felt like a band of brothers, ever ready to encourage and assist one another. Their privations, hardships and sufferings were endured with wonderful fortitude and cheerfulness. In a word, they exhibited a very favorable specimen of all those virtues and excellencies, which characterized the puritan settlers of New England. CHAP. III. INDIANS AND SUFFERINGS FROM THEM. The features of the Indians are good, especially those of the women ; their complexion somewhat reddish, or cop- per coloured ; their hair black and straight ; their limbs clean, straight, and well proportioned. A crooked or de- formed person is rarely to be found among them. They are very ingenious in their way ; are quick of apprehension, sudden in despatch, subtil in their dealings, ready in inven- tion, and in labor assiduous. They had wigwams, or cab- ins to defend them from the weather. These were built by uniting poles at the top, and inserting them into the ground at suitable distance. These were covered with bark, boughs of trees, or skins except an aperture at the INDIANS AND SUFFERINGS FROM THEM. 41 top for smoke, and a small place for entrance at the side. The fire was built in the centre ; the ground around the fire was covered with mats, skins, or boughs, as they could afford. They used no chairs, but sat on this covering, and had no need of a table. They slept with their feet toward the fire. A whole family, and sometimes more, was accom- modated in one of these cabins, which had but one room. They were commonly built near good water. They had skins for clothing before the English came among them, from which they made mocasins for their feet. They often took fish with a kind of spear. They used bows and arrows for hunting and for war. The end of the ar- row was often pointed with flint stone ; these points have been found in the fields long since the Indians have depart- ed. Their game was sometimes taken in traps, pitfalls or snares. Various instruments of stone have been found, since they have left the country. They soon found the use of hatchets, knives, fire arms, blankets, and other articles after the English came among them. They made canoes of bark taken from large birch trees. This was sewed together with fibres, or roots. It was put into proper shape, and strengthened by ribs, or thin pieces of wood, and a rim, like the top of a basket, was fastened all round it and bound with tough bark, or fibres of roots. It was daubed with pitch to prevent leaking. With these canoes, they could pass up and down and across rivers, and they would carry several persons. They were light and might be carried with ease, round falls of water, or from one stream to another. A few years before the landing of the Pilgrims at PJymA outh, the Massachusetts Indians were very much diminish- ed by a pestilential disease and by wars. Some tribes had become extinct ; others were very small. It has been sta- ted, that from thirty thousand they were reduced to three hundred warriors. 4* 42 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. Andover was a place of resort favorable to their mode of life. There was a plenty of fish in the Merrimack and the numerous streams running into it ; the light land near the water was suitable to the cultivation of corn and beans, and the forest afforded them game. Roger with a small company had a settlement near Cochichewick brook. Such was the kindness, such the justice and humanity of the first settlers, that they suffered very little from the Indians, for more than thirty years. An ejuaitable consid- eration was paid for whatever was obtained from them. The inhabitants were able safely and quietly to pursue their business, till the breaking out of Philip's war in 1675. This rendered garrison houses necessary for refuge and de- fence. These houses were sometimes made of thick timbers, sometimes filled with bricks between the studs. Sometimes they were surrounded with a rampart, or stockade. A watch was kept through the night. During the time of war, there was a garrison house in every neighborhood in the different parts of the town. The first violence and damage occurred on the 19th April 1670*. u Mr. Ephraim Stevens discovered the enemy about a mile this side of Bod well's ferry, but escaped upon his horse, and alarmed the inhabitants. The Indians pur- sued and passed along the main road, without doing any mischief, till they came to the south part of the town, where they killed Joseph Abbot, and took Timothy Abbot." These were sons of George Abbot, sen. Joseph was stout and resolute, and probably made resistance ; and there is a tradition, that he killed one, or more, of them, before he w T as slain. He was in his 24th year. Timothy was in his 13th year, was kept several months, and was brought back by a squaw who knew the family and was friendly. He had been treated by the Indians as well as circumstances would INDIANS AND SUFFERINGS FROM THEM. 43 admit ; but, as Hubbard states, was greatly pined with hun- ger. " At the same time Mr. Faulkner's house was burned, and Roger Marks was wounded and his horse killed. They killed some cattle, but had time only to cut out their tongues, being fired upon by the people in the garrison." A few months after, a small party of the enemy surprised and cap- tivated Mr. Haggett and two of his sons.* July 10th 1G77, John Parker, James Parker, John Phelps, and Daniel Blackhead were surprised and slain at black point in Scar- borough. 11 In 1688, the Indians commenced another war with the English. Andover suffered more in this, than in the preceding war." In August 1689, John Peters and An- drew Peters were killed by the Indians ; and in the same year, Lt. John Stevens, Benjamin Lovejoy, Eleazar Streaton and Robert Russell died in the war at the eastward. In August 1696, John Hoit and William Peters were slain. But the most severe and distressing shock, which Andover ever suffered from the Indians, was on the fifth of March 1698 ; " when between 30 and 40 Indians surprised the town killed five persons, burnt two houses and two barns with the cattle in them — set another dwelling house and the meet- ing house on fire ; but the fires were happily extinguished before they had done much damage."* The persons killed were Simon Wade, Nathaniel Brown, Penelope Johnson, aged 19, daughter of Timothy Johnson, Capt. Pascoe Chubb and Hannah his wife, aged 41, daughter of Ed&iond - Faulkner. Chubb, two years before, had been ^apt. at Pe- - £** c&Ca maquid fort, when he had treacherously murdered two chiefs of the Indians, and had greatly irritated them ; and his death afforded them as much joy, as the taking of a whole town, because they had taken, though by accident, * Dr. Syramos's Thanksgiving Sonnon. 44 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. their beloved revenge on him for his barbarity and perfidy to their countrymen. " They took Col. Dudley Bradstreet and family and carried them about fifty rods from his house, when they halted and dismissed their prisoners without of- fering them the least injury; a singular instance of mercy in a people, who had always shown themselves to be cruel, and to have no mercy. The tradition is, that one Water- numrnon, an Indian who lived at Newbury, and is suppos- ed to have had a particular regard to Col. Bradstreet, under- took to conduct the Indians to his house upon these con- ditions, that they should neither kill nor captivate any of his family."* They took Abiel Stevens, a lad, who feigned himself lame and kept behind ; the Indians hastened, ex- pecting to be pursued, he turned, ran and made his escape, though fired upon by the Indian who took him. " The snow being uncommonly deep, and the inhabi- tants unprovided with snow shoes, the Indians were not pur- sued." " Assacumbuit, their principal leader, had distinguished himself in this war, by his horrid barbarities, which render- ed their conduct in releasing the captives the more extra- ordinary."* No assault after this has been made upon Andover ; but towns near suffered severely many years afterward. The inhabitants were obliged to use caution and often to repair to garrisons fur safety. Block houses were neces- sary near the Merrimack to secure the fields and laborers. In the spring of 1704, four block houses were built at the expense of the Province, for £8, 8, 10, by Christopher Os- good ajid John Barker. It was very necessary to have a block house in Shawshin fields, as there was no garrison or dwelling house near, and many of the inhabitants raised corn and rye in these fields. In September 1722, the town voted, "that there be a * Dr. Symmes's Serniou. INDIANS AND SUFFERINGS FROM THEM. 45 new block-house builded against Henry Bodwell's, and the other three block-houses in said town shall be repaired, all at the town's expense." In 1735, the block-house in Shaw- shin field was sold for 20s to John Johnson. The Indians were enemies very much dreaded. They concealed themselves and lay in ambush, and waited long and patiently, for an opportunity to surprise their prey. They never made their attacks openly, nor fought in the open field. The time of assault was often just before dawn of day, when they could strike the blow without resistance, and could cause the greatest panic. The inhabitants did not feel safe in their fields, and were liable to be shot down while at their labour. They frequently carried their fire- arms with them to their work. They also carried their guns, when they assembled for worship on the sabbath, and were exposed to be way laid in going and returning, and assaulted in the meeting house. They could not rest safely in their beds, without constant watch in time of war. They knew not when the enemy was near ; they encamp- ed in the wilderness, and were in the same place only a short time. It was as difficult to hunt them in the forest, as to hunt a wolf, and they were skilful at lying at ambush for their pursuers. Under such circumstances, the early settlers suffered exceedingly, not only from actual assaults, but from alarms and constant apprehension of danger. Their labors were often interrupted, much time was lost, and much expense incurred in securing their families and property. They were exposed, and suffered frequent losses, by destruction of their cattle, houses and barns, and pillage of their fields. They were often called to perform military duty, not only to protect themselves, but the frontiers; and numbers per- ished in their wars, by sickness, hardships, or by the ene- my. How little do we, their posterity, know of the dan- 46 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. gers, alarms, distresses, and hardships, to which they were exposed, and which they endured ! It was important to our ancestors, that peace was pre- served with the natives so many years. There was no war with them near Andover for more than thirty years after the plantation was begun ; but they were obliged to attend to military duty and to be equipped. How easily might the first settlers of New England have been destroyed, had the natives been hostile, and had they combined and exerted themselves to remove their new neighbours ! Divine pro- vidence favored the arduous undertaking of settling a wil- derness. The first planters were men of principle, and treated the savages with kindness and justice, and secured their confidence. When wars commenced, the planters had increased in numbers and strength, and, with their superior skill and means of defence, they were able to protect themselves, and drive the enemy to distant parts, or weaken and de- stroy them, and compel them to preserve peace. The frontier settlements were exposed, and frequently suffered depredations from the Indians, till the reduction of Canada, and the French, in 1763, ceded their territories in America to the English. It is probable, that the Indians left Andover, at the com- mencement of Philip's war, and that few, if any, families have resided there since. The residence of an Indian fam- ily in Andover is not now recollected by the oldest inhabi- tants. They have uniformly retired from civilization, and have not long continued, where settlements have been made by the English. In 1679, grants of land were made to Edmond Faulk- ner, John Farnum, and Ephraim Stevens, in consideration of losses sustained by the Indians. In 1683, a grant of six PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 47 acres was made to Joshua Woodman. Amherst, N. H. was granted, in 1738, to those who had served in Philip's war, or to their representatives. The representatives of nine belonging to Andover, had shares. This grant was made more than sixty years after the war closed. Philip's war commenced in 1675 ; peace was establish- ed, Nov. 1676. War from 1688 to the declaration of the peace of Ryswick, in 1697 — war began at the westward, in 1703 ; peace restored, in 1713, by the treaty of Utretcht. It is computed, that from 5,000 to 6,000 young men were lost in these wars ; and that the population, during that pe- riod, suffered a check of not less than 100,000 souls. CHAP. IV. PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. The town records for the first twenty or twenty five years are very defective. We are left entirely in the dark concerning transactions interesting and gratifying to curi- osity, if an account of them could be found. In this peri- od, a meeting house had been built, and two ministers had been settled. 1656, March. The first town meeting noticed in the records was held at John Osgood's house. 1660. The town taking into consideration the great damage that may come to the town by persons living re- mote upon such lands as were given them for ploughing and planting, and so by their hogs and cattle destroy the meadows adjoining thereunto ; have ordered and do hereby order, that whosoever inhabitant or other shall build any 48 HISTORY OP ANUOVER. dwelling house in that part of the town but upon houselots, or other places granted for that end, without express leave from the town, shall forfeit twenty shillings a month for the time he shall live in any such prohibited place ; — the town having given houselots to build on, to all such as they have received as inhabitants of the town.f 16o4. Attendance of every voter was required, and ev- ery neglect to come to the town meeting at the day and time appointed, subjected the delinquent to a forfeiture of twelve pence.* The town was very attentive to have good order in their public meetings, whether for ordinary business, or public worship. 1672. It is ordered, that whatsoever dogs shall be in the meeting house on the sabbath day, the owner thereof shall pay six pence for every time being there, and G. A. jr. is appointed to take notice thereof and have the pay for his pains and to gather it up.* — If this order were still enforced, it might prevent a nuisance often troublesome to religious assemblies. 1G73. It is ordered, that if any man speak in town meeting after silence commanded twice by the moderator, shall forfeit twelve pence, this order to hold good forever.* — If this order were still enforced, it would tend to the des- patch of business. Care was taken to prevent disputes, as may be seen by the following order ; that once within three years, every man that hath any land lying unfenced, shall take one of / his neighbours with him, and renew the bound marks, and I give the same to the selectmen, so that it may prevent fu- ! lure trouble ; and whosoever shall fail to do so, shall for- feit the sum of five shillings to the town use. * Town Records. PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 49 1680. Mr. Dane, Dudley Bradstreet, G* . \ge Abbot, and others were appointed a committee to seat the meeting house ; — and it was voted and agreed upon, that if any per- son, whether male or female, shall sit in any other place in the meeting house than what they are appointed by the aforesaid committee, shall forfeit for every such offence for the use of the town twenty pence, to be forthwith gathered by the constable by order from said committee, and if the constable faileth so to do as abovesaid, to pay said sum him- self. 1679. Ordered by the selectmen, that no persons en- tertain others in their houses after 9 o'clock in the evening without warrantable business, on penalty of five shillings — no young persons to be abroad on Saturday or Sunday nights, nor people to entertain on these nights on the like penalty — persons unseasonably from their own homes ex- posed to the same forfeiture. The tithingmen were requir- ed to examine and report the breaches of these orders. 1695. Two persons were appointed by the selectmen to sit in the galleries to inspect the young on the Sabbath, and were required to notify disorderly persons to the minister, who was requested for the first offence to admonish them publicly : but on the second offence, complaint was to be made to a Justice of peace, that the offender may be pun- ished for such crimes, as the law directs. 1684. That the town might have a correct list of taxa- ble property, it was ordered, that all persons shall bring in a list of their ratable estate the last Monday in August at 8 o'clock from year to year, then to be examined in pub-| lie meeting ; and whoever shall keep back any part of] their ratable estate shall forfeit five shillings for every par-) ticular to the use of the town, according to a former order/ and whoever shall not bring in their bills as abovesaid shall be rated by will and doomer. It was further, 5 50 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 1686. Voted and passed, that the constable from year to year, shall on the last Monday in August at 9 o'clock in the morning, call all the inhabitants of the town by name, (by inhabitants is meant all householders and persons that have management of any estate and hired servants) and if any such persons shall not then appear at the meeting house, and bring in their bills of their ratable estates, they shall pay five shillings to the use of the town. The town early encouraged the settling of mechanics and tradesmen and the building of mills. 1664. It is agreed by the town for encouragement, that such persons as shall undertake to build a corn and a saw mill shall have liberty to cut timber on any part of the common on the west side of Shawshin river. 1673. Granted to Edward Whittington and Walter Wright five acres of land for encouragement of erecting a fulling mill, which they promise to set about the next spring. 1675. Liberty was granted to a tanner, that shall be allowed by the town, to make use of what bark is needful for his works in town, provided he fell no trees that are fit for building or mill timber. 1682. Granted liberty to any man, that the town or committee shall choose, to set up a saw mill, fulling mill, and grist mill upon Shawshin river near Rogers brook, to take up 20 acres of land adjoining said place, and to enjoy the same forever with the privilege of a townsman. 1688. It was voted, that the 20 acres of land shall be improved by Joseph and John Ballard and their heirs so long as they shall keep up a grist mill, fulling mill, &,c. In the same year, it was voted to encourage setting up iron works; and in 1691, to lay off so much of Benjamin Ab- bot's land as will be beneficial for a corn-mill and iron works intended to be set up. 1686. Granted liberty to Henry Ingalls jr. to set up a PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 51 saw mill on Musketoe river below Boston meadow way. And to Henry Holt to set up a saw mill on Ladle meadow brook. 1693. Granted to Lt. Johnson and Ebenezer Barker the benefit of Shawshin stream against said Barker's land to erect a fulling mill. 1695. Granted to Samuel Osgood, John Abbot, jr. Thomas Abbot, sen. Joseph and Henry Chandler to set up a saw mill on Cochichevvick river, two or three rods above the lower ford way. 1671. The bounds between Andoverand Woburn were settled. 1718. The bounds were settled and stated between Sa- lem and Andover. 1695. Voted, that twenty shillings be given for every wolf caught and carried to the constable. 1698. Voted, that a committee be chosen to receive anew the records of the town lands according to what pa- pers may be found, that have been upon record before ; — our town records being taken away by the enemy Indians. The first proprietors raised their town rates on their lots until the year 1681. Then they agreed among them- selves, and all that were then householders to raise all town charges by heads and their ratable estates ; and every man was to possess all town privileges, and also to have an in- terest in the common lands according to what tax he paid. On the 8th of March 170*2, at a general town meeting of the proprietors, a committee was appointed for settling and reviving the agreement of the proprietors and making a correct list of the names of the proper proprietors, as these were not entered on the record in 1681. 1714 Jan. 28, in town meeting 121 proprietors were ad- ded to the list made in 1702. Soon after the proprietors or- ganized, transacted business separately from the town, and) 52 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. began distinct records in 1715, and the grants, or divisions of land, were recorded in their Book. Previous to this, grants were made by the commoners, or houselot men, as they were called, and recorded in the town book. Divis- ions of land were laid off from time to time to the propri- etors according to their several proportions, and land was sold and the money was divided accordingly. 172*2. Voted by the proprietors to lay out all the clay grounds that are common to the use of the inhabitants for- ever. An act was passed June 1801, by the General Court, requiring the Treasurer of the Proprietors of Andover to pay over one half of all the monies and estate, which was, or hereafter may be, in his hands as treasurer, unto the Trustees of the Free School in the North Parish in Ando- ver, for instruction in the school ; the other half was paid over to Trustees appointed in the South Parish, the in- come to be appropriated for instruction in the free schools of the parish. The inhabitants of Andover were zealously engaged in opposing the arbitrary measures of the British government, were united, and, by the influence of the fathers of the town, were preserved from disorder and riotous proceed- ings. This will readily appear from the town records. 1765, Sept. 11th. Whereas sundry of the inhabitants of the town are threatened with injuries and abuses from ri- otous assemblies, said town unanimously voted their utter detestation and abhorrence of all such violent and extraor- dinary proceedings; and that the selectmen, the militia officers and magistrates of the town be desired to use their utmost endeavours agreeable to law to suppress the same ; and that the freeholders and other inhabitants will do every thing in their power to assist them therein. The unanimity and correct views of the town may be PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 53 seen from the following vote and instructions to their rep- resentative. 1765, Oct. 21. Voted that Col. James Frye, Deac. Isaac Abbot, George Abbot, Esq. Mr. Moody Bridges, Capt. Pe- ter Osgood, Col. John Osgood, Capt. Asa Foster, Capt. John Foster, Capt. Peter Parker, Capt. John Farnum, be a committee to draw up instructions for the representative of the town at the great and general Court of this Province, and report as soon as may be. The Committee appointed for the purpose aforesaid re- ported the following draught, which being read was unani- mously accepted. To Samuel Phillips, Esq. Representative for the town of Andover in his Majesty's province of the Massachusetts Bay. Sir, We, the freeholders and other inhabitants of said town, legally assembled in town meeting on said day, to consider what may be proper on our part to be done at this critical conjuncture, being a time, we apprehend, that we and the rest of his Majesty's subjects of this province, as well as those of the other provinces and colonies in British America, are by sundry acts of Parliament of Great Britain, especially by an act commonly called the Stamp Act, in danger of being not only reduced to such indigent circum- stances as will render us unable to manifest our loyalty to the Crown of Great Britain, as upon all occasions we have hitherto done, by cheerfully exhibiting our substance for the defence of the British dominions in this part of the world ; but of being deprived of some of our most valuable privileges which by Charter and loyalty we have always thought and still think ourselves justly entitled to. Therefore we take it to be a duty justly due to ourselves and posterity to instruct you, that you do not give your assent to any act of Assembly that shall signify any willing- 5* 54 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. ness in your constituents to submit to any internal taxes that are under any colour imposed, otherwise than by the General Court of this province agreeable to the constitution of this government ; — That you join in such dutiful remon- strances to the King and Parliament, and other becoming measures as shall carry the greatest probability to obtain a repeal of the Stamp Act, and an alleviation of the embar- rassments, the commercial affairs of this province labour under by the rigorous execution of the acts of Parliament respecting the same ; — and we also desire you to use your utmost endeavours that all extraordinary grants and expen- sive measures may upon all occasions as much as possible be avoided ; — and we would recommend particularly the strictest care and the utmost firmness to prevent all uncon- stitutional draughts upon the public treasury ; — that you would use your best endeavours, in conjunction with the other members of the General Court, to suppress all riotous unlawful assemblies, and to prevent all unlawful acts of vio- lence upon the persons and substance of his Majesty's sub- jects in this Province. The following expression of sympathy with the suffer- ers during the commotion respecting the Stamp Act, is honorable to the town. 1766, Sept. Being put to vote whether the town will in- struct their Representative to use his influence in the Great and General Court of this Province that the sufferers in the late troublesome times in Boston may have a consideration paid them out of the Province treasury, or such other way as said Court shall judge to be most fit and equitable ; it passed in the affirmative. 1768, March, Voted that Samuel Phillips Esq. Capt. Asa Foster, Capt. Peter Osgood, George Abbot Esq. Col. James Frye, Capt. John Foster, and Mr. Joshua Holt be a Com- mittee to consider of some measures that may tend to en- PROCEEDINGS OP THE TOWN. 55 courage prudence and manufactures, and to lessen the use of superfluities in the town, and report at the annual meet- ing of the town in May next. The committee appointed as above, reported — That in order to securing to ourselves and transmitting to posterity those invaluable rights and privileges both civil and reli- gious, which have been dearly purchased by our predeces- sors the first settlers of this country, the loss of which is greatly threatened by the great and growing imprudences and immoralities among us;— The Committee are humbly of opinion, that it is absolutely necessary that the inhabi- tants of this town use their utmost endeavours, and that they enforce their endeavours by their example, for the suppressing of extravagance, idleness and vice, and for the promoting of industry, economy and good morals ; and by all prudent means endeavour to discountenance the impor- tation and use of foreign superfluities, and to promote and encourage manufactures in the town. The above report was unanimously accepted by the town. The town resolutely opposed the taxes imposed by par- liament, as appears from the following extract from the town book. 1770, May. The town taking into consideration the dis- tresses this Province is labouring under by the operation of a late act of Parliament imposing duties on tea, paper, glass, &,c. made and passed for the express purpose of rais- ing a revenue in the American Colonies without their con- sent, which act we apprehend is oppressive, repugnant to the natural and constitutional rights of the people, contrary both to the spirit and ietter of the royal Charter granted by their majesties king William and Queen Mary to the inhabitants of this province, whereby are ordained and es- tablished the having and enjoying all liberties and immu- nities of free and natural born subjects; and subversive of 56 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. the great and good designs of our most worthy ancestors, who crossed the ocean, willingly exposed themselves to every danger, parted with their blood and treasure, suffer- ed hunger, cold, and nakedness, and every other hardship human nature is capable of, to purchase and defend a quiet habitation for themselves and posterity ; — Therefore Voted, nernine contradicente, 1. That it is the duty of every friend to liberty and to the British constitution to use all legal measures to prevent, if possible, the execution of said act ; and would embrace this opportunity to express our warmest gratitude to the merchants and other gentlemen of Boston and other trading towns in this province for the regular, constitutional and spirited measures pursued by them, from principles truly noble and generous, for repelling tyranny and oppression, and establishing those rights for themselves and country which they are entitled to as men and as Englishmen. 2. That we will by all legal and constitutional meas- ures in our power support and encourage the non-importa- tion agreement of the merchants; and that we will have no commercial or social connexions directly or indirectly with those persons who as enemies to the country, divested of every public virtue and even of humanity itself, regard- less of and deaf to the miseries and calamities which threaten this people, preferring their own private interest to the liberty and freedom of the community, are sordidly endeavouring to counteract such benevolent and salutary agreement. 3. That we will encourage frugality, industry and the manufactures of this country ; and that we will not make use of any foreign tea, or suffer it to be used in our fami- lies (case of sickness only excepted) until the act imposing a duty on that article shall be repealed and a general im- portation take place. PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 57 1774, Feb. 3. Resolved, That no person in this town, who has heretofore been concerned in vending tea, or any other person may on any pretence whatever, either sell himself or be in any way accessary to selling any tea of for* eign importation, while it remains burthened with a duty, under penalty of incurring the town's displeasure. 1774, Dec* 26. Resolved — That it is the indispensable duty of this town strictly to conform and firmly adhere to the Association of the grand American Continental Con- gress, and to the resolve of the Provincial Congress of the 5th of December thereto relating, and in order that this may be thoroughly effected, that the inhabitants of the town of the age of twenty one years and upwards subscribe the following agreement ; viz ; — We the subscribers having attentively considered the Association of the grand American Continental Congress respecting the non-importation, non-exportation and non- consumption of goods, &,c. signed by the Delegates of this and the other Colonies on the Continent, and the Resolve of the Provincial Congress of the 5th of December thereto relating, do heartily approve the same, and every part of them, and in order to make said Association and Resolve our own personal act ; — Do, by these Presents, under the sacred ties of virtue, honor, and love of our country, firmly agree and associate fully and completely to observe and keep all and every article and clause in said association and resolve contained, according to the true intent, meaning, and letter thereof, and will duly inform and give notice of ev- ery evasion or contravention of either, as far as we are able ; and we further covenant, that if any person or persons of the age of twenty one years and upwards shall neglect or refuse to subscribe this agreement when tendered to him or them, that we will withdraw all commerce, trade, or deal- ing from such, so long as they shall continue thus inimical 58 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. to the public good, and that their names shall be entered on the records of this town, and published in the Essex Gazette as enemies to their country. Witness our hands this — day of December, Anno Domini J 774. It was resolved that the Constables who had any part of the Province tax in their hands should immediately pay the same to Henry Gardner, Esq. Receiver General of the Province, and that assessments to be made shall be paid in like manner, and that his receipt shall be an effectual dis- charge to such person for the same. It was resolved, that one quarter part of all the training soldiers of the town enlist themselves ; and for their en- couragement they are promised pay for every half day they shall be exercised in the art military. Committees were chosen to carry the aforesaid resolves into effect. " Whereas the Provincial Congress have recommend- ed it to the people, that there be, no disorderly behav- iour among us, unbecoming the character of Americans, citizens, or christians ; — Therefore Resolved — That the Hon. Samuel Phillips Esq. Capt. Peter Osgood, Deacon Samuel Barker, Doct. Joseph Osgood, Col. George Abbot, Capt. John Farnum, Capt. Asa Foster, Col. James Frye, Capt. Henry Ingalls, Lieut. Nathan Chandler, Ens. Jo- siah Blanchard, Ens. Joshua Holt, Deacon Joseph Abbot, Mr. Barachias Abbot, Capt. John Abbot, and William Ab- bot, be a Committee of Safety, whose duty it shall be to endeavor to maintain peace and harmony, hitherto so hap- pily continued among us — That they use their influence to suppress all unwarrantable mobs and riots, and that they promote as much as in them lies good will and affection to- wards one another ; more especially by their life and con- versation, as well as by their prudent and seasonable ad- PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 59 vice, they recommend a reformation in life and manners, so much to be wished for and earnestly supplicated by all good men." 1775, Jan. 2d. Col. James Frye, George Abbot Esq. Col. Samuel Johnson, Ens. Joshua Holt, Capt. John Far- num, Messrs. Nehemiah Abbot, Moody Bridges, Ens. Stephen Holt, Messrs. Asa Abbot, Samuel Frye, and Lieut. John Ingalls were chosen a Committee of Inspection to ob- serve that the Resolves of the grand American and Pro- vincial Congresses be strictly adhered to. The duty of this committee was more particularly pointed out by in- structions from the town. The instructions to the Committee comprised the fol- lowing objects among others. They were required to " use their utmost endeavours that the non-consumption agree- ment be strictly adhered to ; — to encourage the people to improve the breed of sheep and to increase their number ; to encourage frugality, economy and industry ; and pro- mote agriculture, arts and manufactures ; — and discounte- nance and discourage every species of extravagance and dissipation ; and that they recommend to the people of the town, that they, on the death of any near relations, go into no further mourning dress, than a black crape or ribbon on the arm or hat for men, and a black ribbon or necklace for women ; — that said Committee inspect the merchants and traders in this town, and give information to the public of all such persons as shall violate the Ninth Article of the Association by advancing the price of their goods ; — that they apply to all the merchants and traders in this town, immediately after the tenth day of October next, and take a full inventory of all the goods, wares and merchandize which shall then be in their hands, and shall require them to offer no more of those goods for sale ; and if any mer- chant, trader or others shall refuse to have an inventory 60 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. taken, or shall offer for sale after the tenth of October aforesaid any such goods, wares or merchandize, the Com- mittee is directed to take the goods into their possession at the risque of the proper owners, until the repeal of the Acts referred to, and publish the names of such refractory merchants or traders, that they may meet with the merits of enemies to their country ; and the town doth hereby en- gage to assist and support said Committee in the discharge of their trust ; — that the Committee inspect the conduct of every person in the town touching the aforesaid Association, that if any person or persons shall wilfully violate said As- sociation, that the majority of said Committee cause the name of such person or persons forthwith to be published in the Gazette, to the end that all such foes to the rights of British America may be publicly known; — And it is fur- ther recommended to said Committee that they act in ev- ery respect as it shall appear to them to be their duty as a Committee of inspection, whose duty is more fully pointed out in the Continental Association and Provincial Re- solves." 1775, May 29. The town voted that a watch should be kept in the town ; and the sentinels were required to ques- tion every person they perceived walking the streets or elsewhere after nine o'clock in the evening, concerning their business; and if any person being called on, neglect or refuse to reply, they shall with a strong voice demand them on their peril by their authority as a guard, to stop ; — if they shall persist, the sentinel shall immediately fire. And if any being stopped, do not give of himself a satisfac- tory account, the sentinel shall by force, if necessary, de- tain and confine him till he may be had before one or more Justices of the town, or any of the aforementioned Com- mittee for further examination. 1775, December 12th, Col. Samuel Johnson, Messrs. PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 61 Philemon Chandler, Moody Bridges, Nehemiah Abbot, and Capt. John Farnuin were chosen a committee of corres- pondence for said town. 1776, March 8. Hon. Samuel Phillips Esq. Capt. Josh- ua Holt, Capt. Asa Foster, Mr. Moses Abbot Capt. Henry Ingalls, Mr. Nehemiah Abbot, Mr. Stephen Holt, Mr. Dan- iel Poor, and Lieut. Benjamin Poor — a Committee of Cor- respondence, Inspection, and Safety. 1776, June 12. The question being put — whether, should the Honorable Congress, for the safety of the Colo- nies, declare them independent of the kingdom of Great Britain, you will solemnly engage with your lives and for- tunes to support them in the measure. — It passed in the af- firmative, unanimously. 1776, October 3. Voted, That it is the consent of the inhabitants of this town now assembled, that the present House of Representatives of this state of Massachusetts Bay in New England, together with the Council, if they consent in one body with the House, and by equal voice, should consult, agree on, and enact such a Constitution and form of government for this State, as the said House of Representatives and Council on the fullest and most mature deliberation shall judge will most conduce to the safety, peace and happiness of this State, in all after successions and generations, provided said Constitution and form of Government be made public for the inspection, approbation, amendment, or disapprobation of the inhabitants before the ratification thereof by the Assembly. 1777, June 2. Voted— That Ens. Stephen Holt, Mr. Philemon Chandler, Capt. Isaac Osgood, Lt. Samuel Phil- lips, Deac. Samuel Barker, Capt. Henry Ingalls, and Lt. John Adams be a Committee to prosecute all breaches of an Act to prevent monopoly and oppression ; and also all breaches of an Act in addition to said act, which shall come 6 62 „ HISTORY OP ANDOVKR. to their knowledge, or whereof they shall receive informa- tion. 1777, November 18. Voted, that the town will supply the families of the non-commissioned officers and private soldiers, belonging to this town, that are engaged in the continental army with the necessaries of life that their cir- cumstances may require, agreeable to a Resolve of the Gen- eral Court. 1778, Jan. 29. Voted, that the Representatives of the town use their influence that the plan of confederation and perpetual Union between the United States of America proposed by Congress be ratified and confirmed. 1778, Feb. 16. Voted to procure for each soldier in the continental army doing duty for this town, one pair of shirts, two pair of stockings, one pair of shoes, and a blank- et. — A committee was chosen to procure and forward the clothing, and the selectmen were directed to hire money on the credit of the town for the use of the committee. 1779, July 2. Samuel Osgood Esq. Mr. Samuel Phillips jr. Mr. John Farnum jr. and Mr. Zebadiah Abbot were elec- ted Delegates to attend at the Convention to be holden at Cambridge on the — September next, for the purpose of forming a Constitution of Government. 1780, May 15. The town, after due deliberation and debate, adopted with almost entire unanimity, the form of government proposed by the Convention. 1781, July. The meetings of the town for business pre- vious to the following vote were holden in the North Parish meeting house. Voted — That the three annual meetings of March, April, and May, be called for the future alternately in the two meeting houses in said town ; — and all other occasion- al meetings for the purpose of transacting public business, be held alternately at said meeting houses, without regard PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 63 to the aforesaid three annual meetings. — Previous to 1781, Town meetings for business were holden in the north meet- ing house. 1784, Voted that the town meetings shall be statedly held the present year at the south meeting-house in said town, and then one year at the north meeting house, and so successively during the pleasure of the town. During the revolutionary war, town meetings were fre- quently holden to transact very important and interesting business, and remarkable union and harmony were main- tained through the whole. Many difficulties and embar- rassments occurred, such as raising men, supplying them and their families with necessaries, the depreciation of the paper money, &c. which called forth the resources and ef- forts of the town. The agents for transacting business de- served and possessed the confidence of the people ; and the ardour and firmness with which all united, rendered their burdens tolerable. 1785, Oct. 17 — Whereas it has been said, that a neigh- bering town has lately by a public vote expressed a dispo- sition for a paper currency ; — Voted, that Joshua Holt Esq. be and he is hereby instructed in case any motion shall be made in the General Court for introducing a' paper medi- um, vigorously and perseveringly to oppose the same, as being a measure calculated, in our opinion, to promote idle- ness, dissipation and dishonesty, and by destroying the mor- als of the people, to bring on the ruin of the Commonwealth. When the State was embarrassed with discontent and intestine commotion, the town preserved order and peace, by calmly deliberating on the situation of the Common- wealth, inquiring into the ground of complaints, and seek- ing relief in a regular way from evils supposed to exist. This appears from the following proceedings. 1786, Sept. 25. Voted,— Hon. Samuel Phillips Esq. 64 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. Capt. Peter Osgood, Mr. Moody Bridges, Mr. Philemon Chandler, Mr. Nehemiah Abbot, Capt. Moses Abbot, Capt. John Abbot jr. Mr. Samuel Chickering jr. Lt. Benjamin Poor, Capt. Jonathan Abbot, Lt. Oliver Peabody, Lt. John Ingalls, and Col. Samuel Johnson, be a committee to con- sult and agree upon some measures which may promote the general welfare, and state what may, upon due delibera- tion, appear to be grievances. The committee reported as follows; — It is the duty of the free and virtuous people of this Commonwealth at all times to keep a watchful eye against all encroachments upon their dear bought rights and privileges ; that they carefully guard against all griev- ous acts of the Legislature on the one hand ; and against all contentions and unconstitutional opposition to Govern- ment on the other. We esteem it our duty, at the present day, to bear our explicit testimony against all riotous and illegal proceed- ings ; and against all hostile attempts and menaces against law, justice, and good government, and to declare our read- iness to exert ourselves in support of government and the excellent Constitution of this Commonwealth. But at the same time we suppose there are many things complained of which ought to be remedied ; and it is our desire that eve- ry grievance may be in a constitutional way redressed. We would take more particular notice of these following ; viz. 1. We conceive that the method commonly practised in our Courts of Common Pleas for recovering debts, is at- tended with great and needless expense ; though the diffi- culty is in part remedied by what is called the Confession Act ; yet the creditor is not obliged to pursue that method ; the former is generally practised. 2. The delinquencies of many towns in the payments of their public taxes, more especially in the western part of PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 65 the state, as appears by the Treasurer's accounts, we con- ceive is one great cause of the disturbances which have arisen in those parts. These delinquencies not only injure the Government in general, but lay an additional burthen on the Commonwealth, which we view as just matter of complaint. o. We apprehend the method of paying the Represen- tatives out of the public Treasury lays an unequal burden on many parts of the State, which might be alleviated by each town paying their own Representatives for their ser- vices out of their own treasuries. 4. As prudence and economy ever become a virtuous people, so are they peculiarly necessary in these infant. States. We are of opinion therefore, that the public officers and their respective salaries ought to be thoroughly looked into ; their pay and services duly compared and properly estimated ; that all superfluous offices be abolished ; and the salaries of those whose services are inadequate to their pay be lowered, and that every unnecessary expense of government and burden on the people be removed. 5. We conceive it matter of just complaint that the ac- counts of the United States with this Commonwealth are not adjusted. 6. It is our opinion that a removal of the General Court out of the town of Boston would greatly lessen the expense of Government. Voted, that the foregoing report be accepted by the town, and transmitted to Joshua Holt Esq. as the sentiment of the town, requesting his influence in the General Court, that the same may be remedied. 1787, Jan. 7. Voted, that the account of the expendi- ture of the public monies, therein exhibited to the people of this our Commonwealth by the General Court, is ex- plicit and fully satisfactory. 6* 66 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. Voted, that the Hon. Samuel Phillips Esq. Capt. Peter Osgood, Hon. Samuel Phillips jr. Esq. Joshua Holt Esq. Mr. Moody Bridges, Mr. Nehemiah Abbot, Lieut. John Ingalls, Mr. John Farnum, Capt. John Abbot jr. be a Com- mittee to consider what measures are proper to be adopted for promoting industry and economy, and those other vir- tues, which are represented by the Legislature in their address to the people, as necessary to form the basis of na- tional happiness. The Committee made report, which bring several times read, and maturely considered, was put to vote paragraph 1 y paragraph, as follows, and the same was accepted ; viz. " That in their opinion, a deviation from the principles and practice of industry and economy has been the great cause of the scarcity of specie, the delinquency in the pay- ment of taxes, and in the discharge of private debts ; which delinquency naturally tends to mar the reputation and des- troy the energy of Government, and to produce impa- tience in creditors, as well as uneasiness and complaint in debtors ; and that hence arises the concern and disqui- etude of many in the community. — Your Committee there- fore consider this deviation as a fruitful parent of the evils we now suffer, and threatening us with speedy and com- plete ruin, unless prevented by a thorough reform. We therefore consider it of the highest importance to recur to those principles from which we have declined, and to ex- ert ourselves for the encouragement of the manufactures of our own country in every proper way, which will consist with the business which ought to engage our first attention, viz. the cultivation of our lands ; and for this purpose the following resolve is proposed to be adopted by the town. " Whereas the Legislature have warned this people of being in the precise channel, in which the liberties of States have been generally swallowed up ; and the warn- PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 67 ing, solemn as it is, appears to be founded in the highest reason ; — and as it is a part of sound wisdom to convert mis- fortunes and calamities into the means of ad vantage, in cheer- ful imitation of the patriotic example set us by the first Magistrate of the Commonwealth, his Council, and the Legislature of the State : We hereby resolve to refrain from, and as far as in our power ' to prevent the exces- sive use and consumption of articles of foreign manufac- ture, especially articles of luxury and extravagance ; and that we will exert our best endeavours for the promotion of industry and our own manufactures.' " And in particular, that we will exert ourselves to in- crease our wool and flax as far as is practicable. That we will as far as may be avoid kdling our sheep, or selling them for slaughter, after shearing time, till the wool be serviceable for clothing : And that we will exert ourselves to promote and encourage the manufactures of wool and flax and other raw materials into such articles as shall be useful in the community. M And the inhabitants of the town, of every description, but heads of families in particular, are hereby solicited, as they would falsify the predictions and disappoint the hopes of those who are inimical to our Independence and hap- piness ; as they would gratify the anxious wishes of our best friends and the friends of freedom in general ; — as they regard the political well being of themselves and poster- ity ; — as they hold precious the memory of the heroes and patriots, and of our own kindred who have sacrificed their lives that we may enjoy the fruits of virtuous freedom ; — to unite in this resolution, and to exert their utmost influence, in every proper way, to promote the important design of it. ^ " And upon this occasion, we apply ourselves to the good sense and virtuous dispositions of the female sex, to the 68 HISTOKY OF ANDUVEK. younger as well as the elder that they would by their en* gaging examples, as well as in other proper ways, devote that power of influence, with which nature hath endowed them, to the purpose of encouraging every species of econ- omy in living, and particularly, that neat plainness and simplicity in dress, which are among the best tokens of a good mind, and which seldom fail to command the esteem and love of the virtuous and wise ; giving preference to that clothing, which is produced from our own flocks, and from our own fields. " Your Committee, upon considering the principal ob- stacles that lie in the way of the desired reform, are clear- ly of opinion, that an undue use of spirituous liquors has a powerful influence to enervate the body, to enfeeble the mind, and to promote dissipation, idleness and extravagance, which are never failing causes of poverty and ruin. They therefore consider it of the highest importance to refrain from ourselves, and to discountenance in others, the undue use of spirituous liquors of all kinds. " Your Committee further recommend to the town to take it under consideration, whether some other measures than those which have heretofore been practised, may not be adopted for the support and employment of the poor, which may be productive of advantage to them, and diminish the charge to which the town is subjected for that purpose." The town was nearly equally divided respecting the ex- pediency of ratifying the federal Constitution. Three del- egates, who had expressed their dissatisfaction with the Constitution, were chosen to attend the Convention. While the Convention was in session, a tov\ n meeting was called, in which the question was put, — Whether it is the opinion of the town, that it be expedient, all circumstances consid- ered, that the Federal Constitution, now under considera- tion of the Convention now setting in Boston, be adopted PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 69 as it now stands, in the affirmative 115 — in the negative 124. When the question was decided by the Convention, Mr. Symmes, one of the Delegates from the town, voted in favour of its adoption. The disagreement on this subject was the occasion of a lasting division in the town. Those in favour of the Constitution were called federalists, and those opposed to it were denominated antifederalists. Under these or other similar names, the town has been divided in politics and in almost all their proceedings, till within a few years these party names and feelings have become nearly extinct. 1794, Sept. Voted, that John Farnum Esq. and Capt. Moses Abbot, surveyors, take an accurate plan of the town 5 to carry into effect a resolve of the General Court of June last. 1796, May 2. The first record of the election of Rep- resentative on the town book, at which time Joshua Holt Esq. was chosen. A memorial to the Honorable House of Representatives of the United States, " earnestly requesting that provision maybe made for the complete fulfilment of the treaty" with Great Britain was approved in town meeting, and voted to be forwarded by the town clerk when signed, to Hon. The- ophilus Bradbury, or some other Representative from this Commonwealth, to be presented; — 231 votes for it, and 9 against it. 1797, May 8. Voted to recommend to the inhabitants of the town to form themselves into voluntary associations for the purpose of detecting thefts that may be committed in the town. Voted, that any person who shall detect a thief that shall steal any of the town's property, or the property of any individual of the town, provided the thief shall be prosecuted to conviction, shall receive a reward, to be paid 70 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. out of the town treasury, of the sum often dollars, provided the property thus stolen shall amount to that value ; and when the property stolen shall not amount to ten dol- lars, the reward shall be equal to the one half of the goods stolen. Voted, That the selectmen be specially requested to carry into full and prompt execution the laws against disor- derly and intemperate persons ; and the laws which re- spect the selling of spirituous liquors. 1798, May 14. Voted the Hon. Samuel Phillips, Mr. Moody Bridges, Doct. Thomas Kittredge, Joshua Holt Esq. Doct. George Osgood a Committee to prepare an address to the President of the United States. After a short adjournment the Committee made the following Report ; viz. " To the President of the United States, " Sir, We, the freeholders and other inhabitants of the town of Andover, in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, beg leave to join the multitude of our fellow citizens in pre- senting you our warmest gratitude, for that wisdom, vigi- lance, integrity, and patriotism, which have marked your administration ; and in particular, for your persevering so- licitude to preserve to these States the blessings of peace and neutrality, upon such terms as would consist with the preservation of our essential rights and interests. " Although repeated attempts to accommodate subsisting differences with the French Republic have not proJuced the effect which might have been reasonably expected, they may prove essential means of our political salvation, by un- folding the designs and enormous demands of that govern- ment, which we have been unwilling to conclude our ene- my. — This disclosure must produce universal conviction, that no hope of safety is left for us without our own united, virtuous exertion. PROCEEDINGS OF THE TOWN. 71 " We therefore again thank you, Sir, for your solemn and repeated calls on the proper departments to make the most speedy and effectual provision against the worst events ; — for your firm resolution that you will never surrender the independence or essential interests of the country ; — and for summoning the people to unite with you in supplicating the direction and blessing of that Almighty Being, under whose patronage, it not criminal ourselves, we have nothing to fear from any power on earth. — In the same resolution, we hold it to be our duty, with that of every American, cordially to concur. " Every attempt to detach us from our Government, which is the work of our own hands, and from whence we have already derived blessings far surpassing the highest ex- pectations of its warmest admirers, — we repel with indig- nation. 44 To abandon such a Government, and the invaluable privileges civil and religious enjoyed under it, from any con- siderations whatever, would be acting a part unworthy the descendants of our renowned ancestors, bring indelible in- famy on ourselves, — be an act of treachery to our posterity, and betray the basest ingratitude to, and distrust of that Supreme Being, who gave us these blessings. With an humble reliance therefore on this Being, whom we do, and ever will acknowledge, as the Arbiter of na- tions; and confiding in the wisdom, patriotism and firmness of the constituted authorities of our country, we are deter- mined, at every hazard, to support those measures which they shall prescribe for the defence of these blessings." At a legal and very full meeting of the freeholders and other qualified voters of the town of Andover, specially warned for the purpose, and holden on Monday the J4th of May, 1798 — Voted unanimously, that the foregoing address be accepted and forwarded by the town clerk to the Rep- 72 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. resentative of this district in Congress, to be by him presen* ted to the President of the United States. The answer of the President of the United States to the address of the town of Andover. " To the Freeholders and other inhabitants of the town of Andover, in the state of Massachusetts — "Gentlemen, — Your address unanimously adopted at a legal and very full meeting, has been presented to me by your Representative in Congress, Mr. Bartlett, and receiv- ed with great pleasure. When you acknowledge in my ad- ministration, wisdom, vigilance, integrity, patriotism, and persevering solicitude to preserve to these States, the blessings of peace and neutrality, upon such terms as would consist with the preservation of our essential rights and in- terests, you command my sincere gratitude. " The unfriendly designs and unreasonable demands of that Government, whom we have been unwilling to con- clude our enemy, have been long suspected by many, upon very probable grounds ; but never so clearly avowed and demonstrated as of late. May the discovery prove the es- sential means of our political salvation. The conviction appears now to be nearly universal, that no hope of safety is left for us, without our own virtuous exertions. 44 The indignation with which you repel every attempt to detach you from that government, which is the work of your own hands, and from whence you have derived bless- ings far surpassing the highest expectations of its warmest admirers; and in short, all the sentiments of this excellent address, do you great honour. JOHN ADAMS." Philadelphia, May 25, 1798. CHAP. V. ECCLESIASTICAL, AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. The town made early provisions for the stated and reg- ular worship of God, and for moral and religious instruc- tion on the Sabbath. Mr. Woodbridge was an inhabitant a short time after the settlement was begun, if he did not go there with the first adventurers. " 1604 September 19, V two churches," says Hubbard, " were appointed to be gath- ered, the one at Haverhill, the other at Andover, both on Merrimack river. They had given notice thereof to the * . . magistrates and ministers of the neighbouring chuTcrTes, ^ u -.^a*, as the mannerTs with them in New England. The meet- <^t iu^L ing of the assembly was to be at that time at Rowley; the^ Ca/ "n y* forementioned plantations, being but newly erected, were^^' not capable to entertain them that were likely to be gather- £\ ^ ^ ed together on that occasion. But when they were assem- cuCjk.Ji-i bled, most of those who were to join together in church fel- \i\Jk H '■ lowship, at that time, refused to make confession of their faith and repentance, because, as was said, they declare^ it openly before in other churches, upon their admission into them. Whereupon the messengers of the churches not being satisfied, the assembly brake up, before they had accomplished what they intended." In this transaction, it may be seen, how highly they valued their christian liberty, and how apprehensive they were of the least encroachment, or imposition. " In 24 October 1645, Messengers of churches met to- 7 74 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. gether again, when such satisfaction was given, that Mr. John Ward was ordained pastor of the church of Haverhill, on the north side of said Merrimack, and Mr. John Wood- bridge was ordained pastor of the church of Andover, on the south side of the same."* These two churches were the 23d and 24th organized in Massachusetts. Ten male members, including the pastor, composed the church gathered at this time ; viz. Mr. John Woodbridge teacher, John Osgood, Robert Barnard, John Frye, Nicho- las Holt, Richard Barker, Joseph Parker, Nathan Parker, Richard Blake, Edmond Faulkner. To these a number of others were soon added. John Barnard was probably the first child baptized in Andover. Mr. Woodbridge, in 1647, resigned his charge and re- turned to England, and was succeeded by Mr. Francis Dane, who took charge of the Society. Both of these gen- tlemen were born in England ; neither of them received the honors of a university there ; but their education for the ministry was completed in this country. The first meeting house was built near the old burying ground, unless there was a temporary one, of which we have no account, and was furnished with a bell, which was used till about the year 1755. It cannot now be ascertain- ed when this house was built, what were its dimensions, or how the bell was obtained. It had two galleries, one above the other, and stood till 1711, when a new one was erect- ed. From the town being early and constantly supplied with regular religious instruction, and from the ability of the people to maintain a religious teacher, it may be concluded that the settlement was prosperous, and that there were some men of wealth, who were able and willing to sustain the burdens incident to a new town. It also appears, that * Hubbard. ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 75 they steadily kept in view, the object for which they left the mother country, the enjoyment of the worship of God and of religious ordinances, according to their understand- ing and the dictates of conscience. Mr. Dane's ministry was long and useful. No records are transmitted respecting the church. From the town book, it appears that he was respected, that harmony pre- vailed, that the worship and ordinances of religion were well attended. He died 17 Feb. 1697, in the 82d year of his age, having been an officer in the church 48 years.* In 168*2, Jan. 13, " It was universally voted, that the Committee abovesaid, should give Mr. Barnard a call to set- tle here in Andover, for the carrying on of the work of the ministry amongst us." In March following ; " Voted and passed, that the town shall give Mr. Barnard fifty pounds per annum, the one quarter of it in money, the use of the parsonage, and all his firewood, during the time Mr. Dane shall carry on part of the work ; then Mr. B. shall have eighty pounds per annum, one quarter part of it in money, together with the use of the parsonage, and all his firewood, during the time he shall carry on the whole work of the ministry. "* In 1683, "Voted and passed, that five pounds of Mr. Dane's salary shall be paid in silver, during his abode in the ministry." Before this time, one half of his salary was paid in wheat, and the other half in Indian corn, at the current price. Money is always scarce in new settlements. The settlers have little to sell, and much to buy. Mr. "Barnard was colleague with Mr. Dane about fifteen years, with whom harmony was maintained, and the inter- est of Christianity and of the town was promoted. His ministry to the whole town was about twenty eight years, and was satisfactory and successful. About the year 1707, the parsonage house was destroy- * Town Records. 76 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. ed by fire, and the town provided a house for Mr. B. and fortified it against the Indians. After a few years, the town made a grant to Mr. B. to e able him to procure a house for himself. There has been no parsonage house since in the North parish. In 1707, it was thought necessary to build a new meet- ing house ; but there was much disagreement concerning the place where it should be erected. There were several town meetings on the subject ; and after much discussion and examination, a petition was sent to the General Court, for a committee to determine the place. Upon examination by the Court's committee, the town was judged able to sup- port two ministers; and in May 1709, the town, by an act of the General Court, was divided into two parishes. The South parish was required to build a meeting house and a parsonage house ; and the town to set off parsonage land from the common land equal to the North Parish ; and Mr. Barnard had his election of the parishes. He remained in the North Parish. The North Parish, Oct. 1710, Voted to build a new meeting house, 50 feet long, 45 feet wide, and 24 feet be- tween joints ; and that Samuel Snow of Woburn be the chief workman. 1711. The new meeting house was raised and finished, so as to be occupied at the close of the year. It stood near the place of the present house. — Mr. Barnard proposed that his salary be paid in money £42 instead of £60 in corn, which makes the price of corn 2s. 1 ±d. a bushel ; his pro- posal was accepted. 1713. Difficulty, as is usual, attend- ed the seating of the meeting house. 1714. Seven families from Haverhill had seats in the meeting house and contributed to the support of the minis- ter. Mr. Barnard continued to minister with great accep- ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 77 tance and success till Oct. 1718, when he died suddenly, much lamented. Oct. 20th was appointed a day of humil- iation and prayer, on account of the sudden death of Rev. Mr. Barnard, and of being destitute.* Nov. 3. Granted c£24, 10s, to pay Mr. Barnard's funeral charges. During his ministry 275 members were admitted to the church. 1718, Dec. 16. " Voted and passed, that the Precinct would call the Rev. Mr. John Barnard to be their settled gospel minister." Voted «£80 salary and the use of the parsonage lands. On the 29th, Voted to add c£10 yearly to the above sum, and £60 settlement. The Rev. Mr. Barnard began to preach as settled minister on the first Sabbath in Jan. 1719; and was ordained the eighth day of April following.* In 1727, the year of the great earthquake, 71, a larger number than usual, were added to the Church ; and 87, in the year following. In 1736, 38 united with the church. In March 1740, "It was voted and passed, that the pe- titioners, viz. Ephraim Foster, Joseph Robinson, John Fos- ter, David Foster, Moses Foster, Joseph Robinson jr., Tim- othy Sessions, be set off from the North Parish in Andover to the North parish in Boxford, to all intents and purpo- ses ; they the said petitioners paying their equal proportion for maintaining the gospel there, and all parish charges ; the said petitioners relinquishing all their rights, privileges and interest in the parsonage lands and meeting house in the said North Parish in Andover, and that the petitioners obtain a confirmation of the General Court, and not be dis- missed till then."f In 1 746, June, John Barker, John Barker jr. Nathan Bar- * Parish Records. t Church Records. 7* 78 HISTORY OF AN&OVER. ker, with their wives, Nathan Barker 3d and widow Lacy, were dismissed to the second church of Boxford, on condi- tions of the forenamed petitioners. 1752, Oct. 17. It was voted to build a new meeting house and to raise <£400. The price of labor for a man a day was Is. Of. and T \ ; for a pair of oxen 8c?. a day till 1 March. 1753, June, the meeting house was raised ; Oct. Voted to raise £300 for the meeting house. 1754. Jan. 1. Pews were sold for £667 15.5 Bit; the highest pew at <£17 Os 8d — the lowest at £6 1 3s 4J. 1754, Jan. 15. Voted that S. Phillips Esq., Joshua Frye. and Capt. James Frye be a committee to purchase a bell for the new meeting house. 1755, March I. Voted, " that Samuel Phillips Esq. give the thanks of this parish to Mr. William Phillips, merchant in Boston, for his great favor and bounty to the parish in giving them the purchase of a bell for their meeting house."* The purchase money was given by Capt. Nathaniel Frye. Rev. John Barnard died 14 June 1757, in the \ 9ih year of a faithful and successful ministry, in which 506 were admit- ted to the church ; 1200 baptisms. 1757, June 29, " Voted that twenty pounds lawful mon- ey be paid by the parish toward defraying the funeral charge of Rev. John Barnard, who departed this life the 14th instant, in the 68th year of his age." # There is sufficient evidence from the records of the church, that good order and discipline were maintained, that there was good fellowship with the neighbour- ing churches and ministers, and that peace and harmony prevailed in the parish. Upon the delinquency of any member, much pains with the spirit of meekness were ta- ken to restore him to duty, and to promote the edification of the church. * Parish Records. 4 ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 79 1757, Aug. li. " Voted, that Thursday the 25th inst. be kept as a day of fasting and prayer to Almighty God previous and preparatory to inviting and settling an ortho- dox minister among us."* In October, the Committee were instructed to apply to Mr. William Symmes, and no other person, " to continue to preach upon probation ;" and Dec. 5th the Parish vo- ted to concur with the church in making choice of Mr. Symmes to be their gospel minister. Voted £160 for Mr. Symmes's settlement; <£70 for his salary with 15 cords of wood and the use of the par- sonage lands; and that after seven years are expired, £10 more be added, and as much wood as he may need, in lieu of the 15 cords. On account of Mr. Symmes's sickness, his ordination was deferred to 1st November, 1758. 1761, March \6. "Voted, that the parish Committee return the thanks of this parish to Mr. Benjamin Barker for his late kind and generous offer of such a sum of money as shall be sufficient to purchase a parish cluck"* The clock still remains upon the meeting house. 1779, March, Voted to set off Asa Parker and his es- tate to the second parish in Boxford. 1780, April, "Voted to raise .£1940, to pay the de- ficiency of Rev. William Symmes's salary since the depre- ciation of paper money, which is esteemed with the money already given him equal to the £ 80 contracted, to the commencement of the present year of his ministry." " The Rev. William Symmes's gives his thanks to the parish for their generous vote, and relinquishes 1000 dol- lars of the £1940."* 1797, March 9. Voted to build a Hearse. This was built by Mr. Bott of Salem, and is supposed to be the first pro- per hearse in the county, and perhaps in the State. * Parish Records. &0 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 1830, Voted to use Belknap's Psalm book in the con- gregation. Brady and Tate's was used previously to this; and probably before this last, the N. England Version, or Sternhold and Hopkins. 1H07, The bell having been broken, Voted to purchase a new bell for the meeting house, to weigh 1200 weight J this bell is now in the use of the parish. Dr. Symmes died 3d iMay 1807, in the 79th year of his age, and 49th of his ministry. Dr. Cumings of Billerica preached from 2 Cor. 5: 1, at his funeral. May 12th. Voted that the parish committee draw on the parish treasurer to pay the bills for the expenses of the fu- neral of Dr. Symmes. Voted, that Thursday the 18th of June next be kept as a day of fasting and prayer to Almighty God, previous and preparatory to inviting and settling a gospel minister amongst us.* The half century of Dr. Symmes's ministry was embar- rassing to the clergy in general. He was settled during the French war, so called. Soon after peace was pro- claimed, difficulties with Great Britain commenced. These kept the country in agitation, till the arduous war of the revolution, which called forth all the resources of the peo- ple, and reduced the clergy and others to great distress. The depreciation of paper money rendered their salaries entirely inadequate to their support. Our government was scarcely settled before the French revolution involved the civilized world in commotion and trouble. War and civil commotions are unfriendly to the gentle and peaceful spirit of the gospel. Vice and neglect of religion and religious institutions are apt to grow out of war and the agitations of the body politic. If during such a period, the ffospel should be less influential on society, and intemperance, profanity, and immorality should increase, it would be nothing strange. * Parish Records. ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 81 Daring the ministry of Dr. Symmes, peace and harmo- ny prevailed in the parish ; and he was highly esteemed by all who were capable of appreciating his learning and his worth. Four ministers served the parish 160 years, 15 of which Mr. Barnard was colleague with Mr. Dane. During this long period, there has been no contention in the parish with its ministers, nor have there been divisions and bit* terness among its members. There has been scarcely a dissenter from the stated worship. The ministers have been worthy of respect, and have been respected, and their influence has been salutary. There has been no difficulty, which has called for the interposition of a coun- cil, or which has alienated the affections of the people from their ministers, or has interrupted the peace of the church, or parish. During his ministry, baptisms were 1500. The parish, after hearing a number of candidates for the ministry, united 10th July 1810, in calling Mr. Bailey Loring, of Duxbury, to settle in the gospel ministry, and voted to give him $800, salary a year, so long as he should be their minister, and $500, settlement. The ordination was on the 19th Sept. 1810. The Church Covenant that had been in use previously to this time could not be found. October 23d the Church adopted the following : " You profess to believe in one God, the Father, Maker of all things — and in Jesus Christ his son, the Messiah and Saviour of men, the only Medi- ator between God and man — and in the Holy Spirit, which bears testimony to the Truth, and confirms the Faith of Christians. You receive the Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testament, as being profitable for doc- trine, reproof, correction and instruction in righteousness, and, through Faith in Christ, sufficient to make men wise 82 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. unto Salvation. — You profess repentance of all past vices, and a full purpose of heart to forsake every evil and false way, and to cleave to that which is good. You do now publicly covenant with God that you will search after and obey the Truth as it is in Jesus — that fleeing sinful lusts you will follow after Righteousness, charity and peace — that you will not forsake the assembling of yourself with the people of God for public worship ; but make it your constant study to walk in all the Commandments, and or- dinances of the Lord blameless'y — and that walking in communion with this Church you will submit to its watch- ful care and discipline, praying for its edification and the prosperity of Zion. 1817, April 14. Voted by the Parish to purchase an acre and quarter of land of Jonathan Stevens for a burying ground. 1822, March, " Voted that the parish Committee erect stoves in the meeting house, and that they be fixed by the first day of Nov. next." 1825. The training field north from Dr. Kittredge's, containing about five acres, was exchanged for four acres in front of the meeting house, and opened for a common, much for the improvement of the parish. The horse sheds were moved to the N. East side of the meeting house. Parsonage lands were early appropriated for the sup- port of the ministry. The minister had the income of them, which rendered the salary received from the Parish small. These lands, soon after the death of Dr. Symmes, were sold and the money appropriated for a fund, which amounts to 7000 dollars, the income of which is applied to paying the salary of the minister. Church Plate, fyc. 1728, May — Money contributed for three silver Tankards ; Benjamin Stevens Esq. gave one at the same time. 1739, six silver tankards belonged to the ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 8$ church. — 1740, Mrs. Mary Aslebee gave a Tankard, Tim- othy Osgood, Ebenezer Osgood, and widow gave each a Tankard ; and Mrs. Elizabeth Abbot gave one by will. —1761, Capt. Timothy Johnson gave a Tankard. — 1765, Benjamin Barker gave a silver Flagon. — 1801, Capt. Peter Osgood gave a silver Flagon. 1790, Mrs. Catherine Powell, wife of William Powell Esq. of Boston, presented a Bible for the use of the pulpit. 1755, Capt. Nathaniel Frye presented a Bell to the parish; and 1761 Mr. Benjamin Barker gave a Clock for the meet- ing house. Deacons of the North Church. Elected. Died. 28 Sept. 1696. 14 Jan. 1722. 8 March, 1743, Nov. 1765, 2? Oct. 1762. 11 Nov. 1766, 21 Aug. 1790, Jan. 1797. Nov. 1786. John Frye 1693, March 25, John Barker, 1694, March 25, Joseph Stevens, 1719, Dec. 19, John Osgood, 1727, March 10, John Farnum, 1736, Sept. 17, Samuel Barker, 1748, June 18, Samuel Phillips, 1763, April 27. Joseph Osgood, 1766, Aug. 27. Joseph Barker, 1790, June 3. Benjamin Farnum 1797, March 21. John Adams, 1797, March 21. George Osgood, 1813, July 12. Joshua Wilson, 1824, April Jedidiah Farnum, 1824, April William Frost, jr. Deacons in N. P. B oxford belonging to And over. 1743, June 15, David Foster, 1 Oct. 1766, 1790, April 8. Asa Parker, 29 May 1820, 1806, March 4. Charles Foster, June 1813, 24 Oct. 1823, 23 July, 1823, Age. 88. 83. 77. 83. 75. 78. 82. 77. 66. 79. 65. 90. 84 history of andover. Ecclesiastical and Parochial Affairs in the South Pari mi. 1709, May— The South Parish was incorporated, and the first meeting was held the 2.0th of June. The Parish proceeded immediately to budd a meeting house, which was occupied in January 1710. At this time, it was vot- ed to build a parsonage house 43 feet long, 20 feet wide, and 14 feet stud. A fast was kept previous to settling a minister. Dec. 12, 1710, " Voted unanimously, that Mr. Samuel Phillips be our settled minister — Voted and passed, that the Pre- cinct would pay Mr. Phillips «£u0 in money a year, while he carries on the work of the ministry among us in an un- married state, and when he shall see reason to marry, then to add to his salary £\0 a year, so long as he shall contin- ue in the work of the ministry among us ;" — " that the Pre- cinct would budd and maintain a parsonage house, &,c. — and that, if it should please God to take away Mr. Phillips by death, and he leave a widow or children, that then the Precinct would give to his widow or children £50 and the use of one half of the parsonage house one year." A Covenant for gathering and settling a Church in the South precinct in Andover. We, whose names are hereunto subscribed, apprehend- ing ourselves called of God, to join together in church com- munion : (acknowledging our unworthincss of such a privi- lege and our inability to keep covenant with God, unless Christ shall enable us thereunto :) in humble dependence on free grace for divine assistance and acceptance ; we do in the name of Christ Jesus our Lord freely covenant and bind ourselves solemnly in the presence of God himself, his holy angels, and all his servants here present, to serve the only living and true God, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 85 whose name alone is Jehovah, cleaving to him as our chief good, and unto our Lord Jesus Christ, as our only Saviour, the Prophet, Priest, and King of our souls, in a way of gos- pel obedience : Avouching the Lord to be our God and the God of our children, whom we give unto him ; and resolve that we and our houses will serve the Lord, counting it as an high favour, that the Lord will accept of us, and our children with us, to be his people. We do also give our- selves to one another in the Lord, covenanting to walk to- gether as a church of Christ in all the ways of his worship according to the holy rules of his word ; promising in brotherly love faithfully to watch over one another's souls, and to submit ourselves to the discipline and power of Christ in his church ; and duly to attend the seals and cen- sures or whatever ordinances Christ has commanded to be observed by his people, so far as the Lord by his Word and Spirit has or shall reveal unto us to be our duty, adorning the doctrine of God our Saviour in all things, avoiding even the appearance of evil. And that we may keep our cove- nants with God, we desire to deny ourselves, and to depend wholly on the free mercy of God, and upon the merits of Jesus Christ ; and wherein we shall fail, to wait on him for pardon through his name ; beseeching the Lord to own us as a church of Christ, and to delight to dwell in the midst of us. — Samuel Phillips, Christopher Osgood, John Abbot, William Lovejoy, Francis Dane, John Russ, William John- son, Ralph Farnum, Thomas Chandler, Nehemiah Abbot, John Johnson, William Foster, William Chandler. — Mary Russell, Sarah Abbot, Dorcas Abbot, Deborah Russ, Han- nah Bigsby, Sarah Abbot, Hannah Dane, Sarah Chandler, Rebekah Ballard, Hannah Ballard, Mary Lovejoy, Eliza- beth Johnson, Mary Chandler, Phebe Russell, Sarah Pres- ton, Mary Johnson, Sarah Farnum, Anna Blanchard, Han- nah Holt, Abigail Abbot, Mary Lovejoy. Andover, October 17, 1711 ; Then this Covenant was $ bO HISTORY OF ANDOVER. publicly read and consented to, and they were therefore declared to be a Church ; and Mr. Samuel Phillips was, a* their desire, ordained their Pastor by the Rev. Mr. Thom- as Barnard of Andover, Mr. Edward Payson of Rowley, Mr. Joseph Green of Salem Village, and Mr. Thomas Symmes of Bradford.* Bills of credit being depreciated, £20 were granted to make the salary good for the years 1718, '19, and '20; and ,£10 were to be added to his salary so long as the bills of credit should be depreciated. In 1728, £20 were added ; — 1733, £40; and in 1740 and some following years, £80 were added to his salary. 1732, June, Voted to build a new meeting house on Rogers hill, 55 feet long, 45 feet wide, and 28 feet stud, after the same form and fashion of the present one. After- ward it was voted, 60 feet long, 44 feet wide and 30 feet between plate and sill.t 1734, May 12, the last time of public worship in first meeting house, which had been im- proved 24 years and almost 4 months. May 19, the first as- sembling for worship in the second meeting house. Mr. Phillips preached on the occasion from Haggai 2: 9.* After a faithful and useful ministry of sixty years, Mr. Phillips died on 5 June 1771, in the 82d year of his age. At a meeting immediately after his death, it was voted, " that at his funeral, the bearers should have rings—that the ordained ministers that attend the funeral shall have gloves — that the ministers who preached gratis in Mr. Phillips' illness have gloves — that the parish will be at the charge of the funeral of the Rev. S. Phillips — and voted to hear the bearers in their turn."t During Mr. Phillips' ministry the practice of recogniz- ing the baptismal covenant was earnestly urged, and there were very few who were not baptized. In a note to one of his sermons in 1727, he states, that he does not recollect a sin- * Records of the South Church. f S. P. Records. ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 87 gle native of the parish that was not baptized. All who re- ceived baptism were considered under the watch and dis- cipline of the church. He records, 1720, " then the pas- tor minded the church (in a brief discourse) of their duty with respect to the children of the church, and showed that it was their duty to watch over them, and that by the neglect thereof, the church had contracted a great deal of guilt."* The church and parish were united, there were no sec- taries, and the religious assemblies were well attended. The people entertained profound respect for their minister, and gave great attention to his instructions and admonitions. He was attentive to promote the edification of the church, and maintain its peace and order. Baptisms from 1711 to 1772 inclusive, were 1831: Communicants for the same period, admitted to the church, were 502.* Soon after the death of Mr. Phillips, considerable disa- greement arose in the parish concerning a place for a new meeting house, and there appeared some disposition to di- vide the parish. It was agreed to postpone building for ten years, and the dispute then subsided. 1771, Oct. 16th was appointed and set apart for a day of fasting in order to the resettling of the gospel ministry. 1772, May 21. The parish made choice of Mr. Jona- than French to be their gospel minister— Voted c£100 a settlement, £80 salary, the use of the parsonage lands and buildings, and his fire vvood.t 1772, Sept. 23d, Mr. French was ordained. Recognizing the baptismal covenant and administering baptism to the children of parents who were not communi- cants were at this time discontinued. 1772, March, Voted to sing Watts' Psalms and Hymns. t Cliurch Records. f Parish Records. 88 HISTORY Or ANDOVER. Previous to this the New England version of the Psalms was in use. 1794, It was " voted hy the church that the common method of reading the psalm line by line should be drop- ped." This practice in the congregation had a short time before been discontinued. Reading and singing line by line had prevailed generally in the N. England churches. 1773, Voted, " that instead of the usual practice of ex- hibiting relations previous to admission into the church, the following form of confession of faith be propounded in public to each candidate previous to admission into the church." " You, A. B., do professedly believe there is one God, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost — that the Bible is the word of God, which was written by the prophets and apostles, un- der the inspiration of the Holy Spirit — you also believe the fall of man, the depravity of human nature ; and the re- demption through the mediation, intercession, and atone- ment of Christ; that Christ has appointed two special or- dinances under the gospel dispensation to be observed by every true believer in his name ; viz. Baptism and the Lord's Supper — that the qualifications of these ordinances are true repentance toward God, and faith in our Lord Je- sus Christ. — You believe also that the soul will exist after the dissolution of the body, and that there will be a day of final judgment, in which every one shall receive a reward according to his works."* 1788. After some dissension, it was voted to build a new meeting house, and place it near the site of the old. The west part of the parish being dissatisfied, petitioned the Legislature to be set off as a distinct Parish ; but the petition was withdrawn. The last time of meeting in the old house was the 20th * Church Records. ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 89 April 1 788 ; and the last sermon was from Haggai 1 : 7, 8. The house was occupied nearly 54 years. While the pres- ent house was in building, public worship was performed 32 sabbaths in the hall of Phillip's Academy. The new house, 70 feet long, 54 wide with a porch in front and at each end, was raised may 26th and 27th, and completed and pews all sold, so that the first time of assembling for public worship was on Lord's day, Dec. 7, 1788 ; and the sermon on the occasion was from John 10: 22, 23, by the Pastor. 1792, June, Samuel Abbot Esq. presented a bell of 1100 pounds weight for the use of the meeting house. 1798, March, Voted to procure a Hearse. Before this it was customary to bear the dead to the grave on the shoulders on a bier. Mr. French died suddenly June 28, 1809, after a faithful and successful ministry of 37 years, in the 70th year of his age. It was voted, that the Parish will be at the expense of the funeral of the Rev. Jonathan French ; procure mourning for the family ; that suitable provision be made for the bearers, and other clergymen who attend the fune- ral, and the friends of the deceased. Also that Mrs. French have the use of the parsonage buildings till April, and that she have the crops of the present year ; to continue Mr- French's salary to the 1st of April next; and to give Mrs. French 12 cords of fire wood, and more if necessary. Much affection and respect subsisted between Mr. French and his people. The assembly on the Sabbath was full ; there were very few dissentients from the Par- ish ; good order prevailed ; and very few difficulties arose to disturb the edification and peace of the church. During a century, which included the ministry of two pastors only, no troubles arose in the Parish to render it necessary or 8* 90 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. expedient to call for the advice of a council. Much effect was given to the ministry by the influence and example of leading members of the Society. Baptisms from 1773 to 1812 inclusive, were 1449 ; communicants admitted to the church during the same time were 771. 1809, Sept. A day was set apart for fasting and prayer previous to settling a gospel minister. The Parish heard a number of candidates, and invited Mr. G. Spring, Mr. G. S. Olds, and Rev. A. Hooker to settle, but without success. 1812, Aug. 10. The Parish concurred with the church in calling Mr. Justin Edwards to settle in the work of the gospel ministry, and voted a salary of $900 annually, and the use of the parish pew, for his support. 1812, Dec. 2. Mr. Edwards was ordained. He con- tinued to labor in the ministry till 1827, October 1st ; when at his own request he was dismissed ; and on the first of Jan. 1828 was installed the first minister of a new church in Boston. Confession of Faith and Covenant, adapted by the South Church in Andover, 1812. 1. You believe in one only living and true God ; the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost ; and that h is the duty of all intelligent creatures, to love and obey him. 2. You believe that the Bible is the word of God ; that it was given by the inspiration of the Holy Ghost ; and is the sufficient and only rule of faith and practice. 3. You believe that God created man upright ; you be- lieve the fall of man, the depravity of human nature, and that men, unless they are born again, can never see the kingdom of God. 4. You believe in the incarnation, obedience, suffering, and death of Christ ; his resurrection, and ascension ; that ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 91 he alone, by his suffering and death, hath made atonement for sin ; and that he ever liveth to make intercession for us. 5. You believe that Christ hath appointed two special ordinances, viz. Baptism and the Lord's Supper ; that bap- tism is to be administered to unbaptized adults, who pro- fess their faith in Christ, and to infant children of mem- bers of the church. 6. You believe the future existence of the soul ; that there will be a resurrection of both the righteous and the wicked — a day of final judgment ; that all will receive ac- cording to their works, that the wicked will go away into everlasting punishment, and the righteous into life eternal. Covenant. You now, humbly and penitently asking the forgiveness of all your sins, through the blood of the great Redeemer, give up yourself to God, in an everlasting covenant, in our Lord Jesus Christ ; and as in the pres- ence of God, angels, and men, you solemnly promise, that by the assistance of the Holy Spirit, you will forsake the vanities of this present evil world, and approve yourself a true disciple of Jesus Christ, in all good carriage toward God, and toward man. And you likewise promise, so long as God shall contin- ue you among us, to walk in communion with the church of Christ in this place ; to watch over other professing christians among us ; to submit to the power and disci- pline of Christ in his church, and duly to attend to the seals and the censures, or whatever ordinance Christ has commanded to be observed by his people, so far as the Lord, by his Word and Spirit has, or shall, reveal to you to be your duty ; adorning the doctrine of God our Saviour in all things, and avoiding the appearance of evil ; and by daily prayer to Almighty God in the name of his Son Je- sus Christ, you will seek for grace to keep this covenant. The baptisms from 1813 to 1827 inclusive, were 509, 92 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. and members during the same time admitted to the church were 268. Mr. Milton Badger, from Coventry, Con. was employed to preach as the first candidate, and was soon invited to settle as successor of Dr. Edwards, with a salary of $730 annually, and was ordained Jan. 3, 1828. 1815. A vestry was built by individuals. 1820, Dec. Stoves were ordered to be placed in the meeting house for the purpose of warming it. 1810. An act of the Legislature was obtained authori- zing the sale of the parsonage lands, and requiring the property to be committed to the care and management of sev- en Trustees, who are accountable to the parish ; the income of the property to be applied for the support of the ministry. — The amount of the funds at the present time, 1828, is $15,000. 1812, March 5. Samuel Abbot, Esq. presented a clock to the Parish for the use of the meeting house ; and on the 18th of the same month, he gave the church $500, the in- come of which he directed to be distributed among the poor of the church under the direction of the minister and dea- cons. The Rev. Samuel Phillips had made a donation of ^100 lawful money, for the same benevolent purpose. Church Plate. 1801. Five silver tankards were purchas- ed by the church, and one presented by an unknown friend ; three silver tankards belonged to the church before. 1802. Two Flagons were presented to the church, one by the direction of the late Hon. S. Phillips, and the other by Samuel Abbot, Esq., the cost of both $218, 10.— 1810, A tankard was presented to the church by direction of the late Deacon Joshua Holt. — 1812. A tankard was presented by Samuel Abbot, Esq. ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 93 Deacons of the South Church. Elected. 1711, Nov. 8. Died. Age. John Abbot, . March 1721. 73 William Lovejoy, July 20, 1748. 90 1720, Sept. 22. Nehemiah Abbot, Oct. 8, 1750. 83 John Abbot, Jan. I, 1754. 79 1744, March 20. Isaac Abbot, Aug. 9, 1784. 85 Joseph Abbot, Aug. 23, 1787. 82 moved to Wilton 1776. 1755, Feb. 4. John Dane, July, 1801. 84 Hezekiah Ballard, Dec. 1801. 81 1776, April 16. Joshua Holt July, 24, 1810. 80 1785, May 30. S. Phillips (excused) Feb. 1802. 50 Zebadiah Abbot, Nov. 24, 1793. 54 1794, April 21. Samuel Abbot, (excused) April 1812. 80 June 20, 1814. 74 Daniel Poor, Isaac Abbot, Nathan Abbot, March 5, 1801. 48 1801, May 21. Abiel Pearson, May 1827, 71 1811, April 2. Mark Newman, 1813, April 2. Zebadiah Abbot, removed to the West Church 1827. 1825, Amos Blanchard. 1826, Dec. 2. Amos Abbot. 1827, Aug. 21. Paschal Abbot. The West Parish, taken from the South Parish in con- sequence of increased population, was incorporated March, 1827. The West Church, with the consent and approbation of the South Parish and Church, was organized, December 5, 1826, with the same confession of faith and covenant as is used in the South Church. The Deacons elected were Zebadiah Abbot, Solomon Holt, and Ebenezer Lovejoy. In 1826, a meeting house was built of granite, 64 feet by 52, 25 feet post. It was dedicated December 26, 1826. Mr. Samuel C. Jackson was invited, April 3, 1827, to settle in the ministry on a salary of §600, and was ordain- ed 6 June following. 94 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. This parish receives annually about $280 from the funds which belonged to the South Parish, for the support of the minister. Biographical Sketch of the Ministers of Andover. Rev. John Woodbridge was born in 1613, at Stanton, "Wiltshire, England, son of Rev. John Woodbridge, a non- conforming minister. He was sent to Oxford for his edu- cation ; but when required to take the oath of conformity, he left the college, and pursued his studies in a more pri- vate way. The ceremonies of the church being vigorously enforced, young Woodbridge, in 1634, came to New En- gland with Rev. Thomas Parker, his uncle. He with oth- ers took up land in Newbury, and continued his studies, till, on account of his father's death, he was called to En- gland. Having accomplished his business, he returned to — =- >Kew England; and, in 1641, married a daughter, of Hon. y AA. t*M Thomas Dudley. He was among the first settlers of An- aover, and purchased the township for the settlers of Cuts- U»W4 hamache, Sagamore of Massachusetts, for six pounds and a u**4-k*>coat, which purchase the Sagamore acknowledged before *W^ the Court in 1646, when Andover was incorporated. Mr. * \*> "W\ was with the settlers as a teacher, at or very near the ^'_ time of the first plantation of the town. It was expected l« ^ that a church would be organized, and Mr. W. would be ^Wv*vt ordained pastor, in September 1644, at Rowley, as the Qv, council and people that would probably be assembled, could /[ turi not be accommodated in a place so new as Andover then was. But those that were to be formed into a church state, J ^7 and who had belonged to other churches, declined repeat- ^v t*L} n & *he declaration of their faith and repentance ; the mes- rnL-^-sengers of the churches, not satisfied, separated without +****"' forming the church, and Mr. W. was not ordained at that ** time. The next year, they met at Rowley, the church was ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 95 organized, and Mr. W. was ordained, Oct. 1645, by Mr. WiJson of Boston and Mr. Worcester of Salisbury. " There is a tradition," Dr. Symmes remarks, "that Mr. Woodbridge was the first, strictly speaking, that was ordained a minis- ter of the gospel in this county, and the second in New En- gland." By the solicitation of friends he was induced to resign his charge, in 1647, and to return to England ; where he preached first at Andover in Hampshire, and afterwards at Burford, Wiltshire ; whence he was ejected soon after the restoration of Charles II. He was also thrown out of his school at Newbury by the Bartholomew act. This occa- sioned his return, in 1663, to New England. Soon after this, he was invited to settle in Newbury as an assistant to his aged uncle, Mr. Thomas Parker, where for several years he continued his ministry. But a difference arising between him and his people concerning church discipline, he thought it best to resign his ministry among them. He was still highly esteemed, and, in the winter of 1684, was employed to preach during the sickness of Mr. Richardson, the minister of Newbury. Soon after his dismission, it is said, " he was remarkably blest in his private estate," which supplied the loss of his salary. In 1683, he was chosen an assistant; and after the change of the government, he was appointed Justice of Peace. His wife died, July 1691, fifty years after marriage. He died March 1695, in the eighty second year of his age. His reputation was good ; and he was distinguished for his piety, his submission under afflictions, his composure of mind and patience ; his readiness, to forgive injuries, and his entire control of his passions. A messenger once brought him word of great loss of property ; his reply was, " what a mercy it is, that this is the first time that I have met with such a disaster." 96 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. He bad twelve children, eleven of whom lived to adult age. Three sons and two sons in law were in the ministry; and he lived to see four grandsons preparing for it. John was settled in the ministry, 1666, in Killingworth; in 1679 installed at Wethersfield, and died in 1690. Tim- othy was minister of Hartford. Benjamin Woodbridge, his brother, the first on Har- vard college catalogue, was successor of the famous Dr. Twisse of Newbury, Eng. and was in high reputation as a scholar, a preacher, a casuist, and a christian. He was honored with D. D. from Oxford. He died Nov. 1684, aged 62. * Rev. Francis Dane was successor to Mr. Woodbridge, The particular time of his coming to Andover, or of his ordination, is not now known, but it was about 1648. He had not been educated at either of the Universities in England, but completed his theological education in this country. He appears to have been useful and respected in his profession. The town, during his ministry, enjoyed peace, and was regular in attending and maintaining reli- gious institutions. In a settlement so new, he was liable to many privations and hardships in common with the first planters. There is no evidence of impatience or want of fortitude under them. His salary was small, and paid one half in wheat and one half in Indian corn, at the current price. His wife Elizabeth died June 1676. Mr. Thomas Barnard was, in 1682, settled as a colleague with him, and was his assistant more than fifteen years. To what period of life Mr. Dane continued his labors is uncertain. Mrs. Mary, his wife, died March 1689; and at an advanced age, he married the widow of George Abbot, sen. who died June 1711, in the 83d year of her age. In the time of the witchcraft frenzy, in 1692, of which * See Mather's Magnaliu, Allen'B Biog. Diet., Hist, of N. E. ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 97 Andover had its full share, it is said, that intimations that Mr. Dane was implicated, served in some measure to check the delusion ; as it was not deemed credible, that a man of his known piety and uprightness could be in league with the devil. He expressed his sympathy and used his exer- tions for the relief of those of his parishioners, who were imprisoned, by writing to the Court, and also by signing a certificate in their favor. He died the 17th Feb. 1097, in the 82d year of his age, having been an officer in the church of Andover 48 years. He left two sons, Nathaniel and Francis. Nathaniel died 1725, aged 80 years ; De- liverance, his wife, died 1735, aged 81 years. Their sons were Nathaniel, Francis, and Daniel. Lieut. Francis died 3738, aged 81; Hannah, his wife, died L 746, aged 85. Their sons were 3 Francis, Abiel, John, Joseph, Dan- iel. — 3 Francis, 4 Francis. — 3 John, 4 John, Joseph, William, Daniel, and Mary. 4 John was deacon in the South church 46 years, and was accustomed to set the psalm when it was the practice to read and sing line by line. He died, July 1801, aged 84 years and six months. His wife Elizabeth died 1801, aged 82. 4 Joseph, his brother, died 1807, aged 84. Mary, his sister, married Samuel Chickering ; died 1824, aged 92. There was another bearing the name Dane, supposed to be a brother, or near relation of Mr. Dane of Andover, who early settled in Ipswich, from whom descended Hon. Nathan Dane, LL. D. of Beverly, and Hon. Joseph Dane of Kennebunk, both of whom have been members of Con- gress, and have sustained important offices in the Com* mon wealth. Rev. Thomas Barnard, son of Francis B. of Hadley, the third minister of Andover, was a graduate of Harvard College of 1679. In January J682, he was unanimously invited by the town to settle as an assistant of Mr. Dane m 9 08 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. carrying on the work of the ministry. There is no record of the time of his ordination. The parsonage house being burned about the year 1707, he purchased some time after, the house said to be built and occupied by Governor Brad- street. This house has been occupied successively by Rev. John Barnard and Dr. Symmes, and is now owned by Mr. Simeon Putnam, and is still a good house. During four or five years before the division of the town into two parishes, there was warm contention concerning the place for a new meeting house. In 1709, the town was amica- bly divided into two parishes. Mr. B. had his election of the parishes. During the long and warm altercation, he conducted with such prudence and affectionate fidelity, as to retain the esteem and confidence of all his people. He died suddenly Oct. 13, 1718, in the sixty second year of his age, and 37th of his ministry, greatly beloved and high- ly esteemed. Rev. Mr. Phillips of the South parish, intimately ac- quainted with him, eight or nine last years of his ministry, has given him the following character, in a preface to a sermon, preached in 1739, by Mr. John Barnard. " I shall very gladly take the opportunity which so fairly offers, to acknowledge that I have always esteemed it a favor of Providence, that my lot was cast in the same town with that holy man of God. who was pleased to express the kindness of a father towards me also, and where 1 had, for some years, the advantage of his guidance and example. And I doubt not, but that it will be very acceptable to all those of his hearers, in each parish, who are now living, for me to revive the remembrance of this their former Pastor, of blessed memory ; and in order hereunto, to go on and say, (which I am persuaded they will readily assent to the truth of, viz.) that he was really one of the best of men, and of ministers. Not only an exemplary Christian, ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 99 and Israelite indeed, in whom was found no guile ; but, moreover, had the tongue of the learned, and was a sound and eminent divine ; delivered excellent sermons, and had the spirit as well as the gift of prayer ; was truly an able minister of the New Testament, and a faithful steward in the house of God ; naturally caring for the flock, and was therefore gentle as a father, yet, maintaining government and discipline in the church ; very compassionate to those in distress, and, like saint Barnabas of old, was truly a son of consolation ; also very obliging towards all men, and always studied the things which make for peace ; was sin- gularly prudent in his whole conduct ; also grave and in- structive, and yet cheerful in conversation ; and I need not say, how kind and tender as a husband and a parent, nor how faithful as a friend ; and, which was very much his ornament, he was truly, of a meek and quiet spirit, and was clothed with humility." Mr. B. has been justly reck- oned among the eminent ministers of New England. Mr. B. married, Dec. 1686, Elizabeth Price, who died Oct. 1692. For a second wife, May 1696, Abigail Bull, who died, Aug. 1702. He was married to his third wife, Lydia Goffe, Aug. 1704. Thomas, his oldest son, born Oct. 1688, died before his father, without issue. John, born March 1690, graduated H. Coll. 1709, ordained min- ister of Andover North Parish, April 1719, died June 14, 1757. Theodore, his youngest son, born Feb. 1692, died Feb. 1725, aged 32 years, leaving three children, Elizabeth, Theodore, and Hannah. Elizabeth was the wife of the Hon. S. Phillips, and mother of the late Lt. Governor S. Phillips.— See preface of Rev. J. Barnard's fun. Ser. of Abicl Abbot. Rev. John Barnard, son of Rev. Thomas Barnard, born Feb. 26, 1690, was a graduate of H. Coll. 1709. Dur- ing several years, he taught the grammar school at Ando- ver, and the north grammar school at Boston. Immediate- 100 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. ly upon the death of his father, he was thought of as his successor, and, in December 16, 1718, was invited to set- tle in the gospel ministry in the north parish. He began to preach as settled minister the first Sabbath in January 1719, and was ordained the 8th of April following. At the ordination, Rev. Mr. Capen of Topsfield gave the charge, Rev. Mr. Stevens of Charlestown gave the right hand of fellowship, Rev. Thomas Symmes of Boxford preached the sermon, Rev. Mr. Rogers and Rev. Mr. Phil- lips assisted in prayer. Mr. Barnard died 14th June 1758, aged 68 years. Mr. Barnard was a good classical scholar ; and, after his settlement in the ministry, prepared for college many, some of whom were good scholars and useful men. His piety, gentleness, and pleasantry, his faithfulness and as- siduity in the discharge of ministerial duty, and the inter- est which he took in promoting the peace and improve- ment of his people, procured their love and confidence. As a preacher, and as a counsellor in the churches, he was very highly respected. His sound understanding, hospital- ity, benevolence and urbanity, gained the esteem and af- fection of a large circle of friends and acquaintance. lie lived in much intimacy and friendship with Mr. Phillips of the south parish, and they mutually contributed to the good order, peace and harmony of the town. Mr. Phillips, in a preface to a sermon preached 1739, by Mr. Barnard, speaks of him with the utmost affection and respect. " As for the present worthy pastor of the flock of Christ in the north parish, although he be not willing that any encomia urn should be given of him, but, like his venerable father, before him, professes himself content, provided he may do some service in the world, and pass through it without con- tempt ; yet, I cannot forbear saying, that he is so well known and approved that he stands in no need at all of a ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 101 word of recommendation from any man whatever." He adds, " If I may be allowed to speak the truth, — I shall go on to say, that 1 esteem myself not much less happy in this his son, who ministers before God and to his people, not only in his father's place, but also makes good, so far I sup- pose, as any man can, his father's ground. — I said, I es- teem myself happy in him, — for we have been for now more than 20 years past, labouring in this town, (though not properly as colleagues, yet) as good neighbours and cor- dial brethren ; which, let others think as meanly of as they please, yet, we look upon it as an article essential to the comfort and happiness of our lives : — And I do the rather make mention of this thing, because I would from hence take occasion, both, thankfully to acknowledge the smiles of heaven in that harmony and brotherly love, which have hitherto subsisted between us ; and to bewail it, that there is too much reason to think, that there is not so good un- derstanding between ministers of some towns, as might be wished for. — Will the God of love and peace be pleased to grant, that this happy union, which is so much our strength and beauty, may be preserved and established, to our com- fort and the people's edification : And may all such who are the people's instructors, and especially who are pastors in the same town, frequently visit each other, and be per- fectly joined together in the same mind, and in the same judgment, as it becomes all such, who not only serve the same master, but even style themselves the bridegroom's friends and ambassadors for Christ !" Many pleasant anec- dotes characteristic of these revereud gentlemen, are still remembered and often repeated. The people, for 70 years, during the ministry of Mr. Barnard and of his father, enjoyed a series of peace and improvement beyond what is common. Mr. Barnard left two sons, both distinguished clergy- 9* 102 niSTORV OF ANDOVER. men in tin ministry, Rev. Thomas Barnard of the first church, Salem ; and Rev. Edward Barnard of Haverhill ; and one daughter, Sarah, the wife of Rev. Dr. Tucker of of Newbury. His youngest son, John, died Oct. 1739, aged 16 years, while a student in H. College. Mr. Barnard published a sermon at the ordination of Rev. Timothy Walker, Concord, N. H. A Funeral ser- mon of Mr. Abiel Abbot, 1739. Election sermon for 1746. He preached the Convention sermon, 2 Cor. 4: 1, which was not published. Rev. William Symmes, d. d., a descendant of Rev. Zach- arias S. who came to this country in 1635, and settled in Charlestown, was born in Charlestown, and was a graduate of Harv. Coll. 1750, where he was a Tutor from 1755 to 1758. He began to preach in the north parish in Ando- ver soon after the decease of Mr. Barnard, and was, on the 5th of December, 1757, invited to settle in the gospel min- istry, and the third Wednesday of March following was ap- pointed for his ordination. On account of the sickness of Mr. Symmes, his ordination was postponed to the first day of November, 1758, when the Rev. Mr. Appleton of Cam- bridge gave the charge, Rev. Mr. Clark of Danvers gave the right hand of fellowship, Rev. Mr. Cook of Notomy, since West Cambridge, preached the sermon, and Rev. Mr. Parsons of Bradford, and Rev. Mr. Storer of Watertown assisted in prayer. Dr. Symmes died 3d of May 1807; Dr. Cumings of Billerica preached a sermon from 2 Cor. 5: 1, at the funeral. The ministry of Dr. Symmes embraced a very difficult and eventful period. He was settled during the French war. Soon after the peace of 1763, the troubles with Great Britain and the Colonies commenced, which brought on the revolutionary war- During this war, the depreciation of the currency and the pressure on the people rendered it ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 108 embarrassing for clergymen to support their families. The Federal Government was scarcely organized before the commencement of the French revolution, and wars in Eu- rope, which involved this country into parties, and, by in- creasing the demand for the articles of living, operated un- favourably upon all, who depended upon a small stipend for maintenance. The nobleness of mind with which he sustained the embarrassment, may be seen from the follow- ing transaction. In April 1780, the Parish "voted to raise ^£1949 to pay the deficiency of Rev. Mr Symmes's salary since the depreciation of paper money, which is esteemed with the money already given him, equal to the £80 contracted, to the commencement of the present year of his ministry." — "The Rev. W. Symmes gives his thanks to the parish for their generous vote, and relinquishes one thousand dollars of the d£1940." During his ministry, there was harmony in the church, his people were remarkably united ; in his large parish, there were no sectaries. His parishioners speak of him with great respect, and they who were most capable of ap- preciating his talents and acquirements, held him in high estimation. Harmony and good fellowship were maintain- ed between him and Mr. French of the south parish ; they regulary exchanged labors the sabbath after the annual fast and thanksgiving, and occasionally at other times, and kept up a monthly lecture alternately in each parish, each supplying the other's pulpit. Dr. Symmes was a good scholar, of extensive reading, and an able divine. He devoted himself exclusively to his profession, and was occupied through life in theological pursuits. His sermons were full of appropriate thoughts, and were written with great care and in a style remarkably neat, perspicuous and correct. His preaching was plain and practical. Subjects of controversy were not often 104 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. brought into the pulpit, or treateJ in a controversial man- ner. He did not, however, omit to notice the prevailing errors of the times. His discourses were not delivered with such ease and fluency, as to charm and captivate the great mass of hearers ; but they were highly valued by men of cultivated minds. In opinions he accorded rather with Arminius, than with Calvin ; and with Arius rather than Athanasius. His passions were irritable, and sensibility quick; but the habit of self command was seldom violated. Many trials and afflictions were his lot in life, which were borne with christian fortitude and resignation. He was modest and diffident, and, it is said, could never di- vest himself of feelings in the discharge of public duty ? which often embarrass young men, when entering^pn the public duties of the sacred profession. He was a strict ob- server of order and propriety. He was about the middle size, somewhat corpulent ; when dressed, he wore a white bush wig, which was the fashion of clergymen and other gentlemen who entered business before 1760. His man- ners were dignified, but easy ; He was hospitable and be- nevolent, and, by his urbanity, rendered himself agreeable to strangers and others. He was distinguished for his pru- dence, his sound moral principles, his unshaken integrity and irreproachable conduct. He received a D. D. from his Alma Mater. Il is a matter of regret, that he gave a strict injunction, that his manuscripts should be burned immedi- ately after his death, which injunction was strictly compli- ed with. No man in the town was probably so well ac- quainted with the history of its settlement, and of the early settlers, and of various occurrences. Dr. Symmes's printed publications were, a Lecture on Psalmody. A Thanksgiving sermon, 1768, Sermon at the General Election, 1785. He preached the Dudleian Lec- ture, 1786, which was not published. ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 105 He married, in 1759, Anna, daughter of Rev. Joshua Gee of Boston; she died June 18,177*2. They had five sons and four daughters, all of whom, except Daniel and Mrs. Cazeneau, died before him. William, a counsellor at law, died at Portland Jan. 1807, in the 46th year of his age, not having been tnarried. Dan- iel, born Oct. 1761, went to the southward ; Joshua Gee, a physician, died at sea. Elizabeth died Aug. 1784, aged 19 years. Theodore, a physician, settled in Falmouth, died in New Gloucester. Anna married Mr. Isaac Cazeneau, and lives in Ando- ver. Converse died young. Lydia and Charlotte were twins, and died in infancy, Dec. 30, 1771. His second wife was Miss Susannah Powell, who died July 1807, aged 79. Rev. Samuel Phillips, the first minister of the South Parish, was son of Samuel Phillips, Salem, born March 23, 1658, and died, Oct. 13, 17*22, a goldsmith, who was the son of Rev. Samuel Phillips, minister of Rowley, and grand- son of Rev. George Phillips, who came to New England in 1630, and was the first minister of Watertown. His moth- er was Mary, daughter of Rev. John Emerson of Glouces- ter ; he was born Feb. 17, 1690, O. S ; began to preach in Andover, South Parish, April 1710, and was ordained Oct. ]7, 1711. Rev. Thomas Barnard, Andover, Rev. E. Pay- son, Rowley, Rev. Joseph Green, Salem Village, and Rev. Thomas Symmes, Bradford, officiated on the occasion. He died June 5, 1771, in the 82d year of his age, and the 62d of his ministry. Mr. Phillips was endued with good powers of mind, and was a diligent, faithful and useful minister. He early ac- quired the habit of order, industry, and economy in the management of all his affairs, by which he was enabled to accomplish much and obtain his object. Though he sa- > 106 HISTORY OF ANDOVFR. credly devoted a tenth of his income to pious and charitable purposes, and his salary was small, yet he educated his fam- ily liberally and accumulated a large estate. In his opin- ions, he was a Calvinist of the old school. As a preacher, he was highly respectable, was zealous, and endeavoured not only to indoctrinate his people in sentiments which he deemed correct and important, but to lead them to the practice of all christian duties. Being strongly attached to his views of Christianity, he exerted himself to defend and propagate them, both by preaching and writing, and to guard his people against opinions contrary to them. His anxiety on this subject may be easily seen in some of his last publications. His labours in the pulpit were protracted beyond what is usuul at the present day. His hour glass was turned at the commencement of his sermon, and the last sands ran out before its conclusion. It was his prac- tice to call at every house in his parish at least once in a year, and he often carried Madam with him in these paro- chial visits. They usually rode together on the same horse, according to the fashion of the times. He had much in- fluence in persuading parents to attend to parental duties and household worship. The people, during his ministry, were remarkably united, and his parish was free from sec- taries. Though a man of considerable humour, yet there was an apparent sternness, which caused undue fear in ma- ny of his people, and especially in the young. Constant in- timacy and fiiendship were maintained with the ministers of the North Parish; and many pleasant anecdotes of him and the younger Barnard are remembered and often repeat- ed. A monthly lecture in the town, preached alternately in each parish, was commenced in their ministry, which was continued more than sixty years. Mr. Phillips was highly respected by his brethren in the ministry, and was frequently invited to preach on public occasions. His pub- ECCLESIASTICAL AND PAROCHIAL AFFAIRS. 107 lications are numerous ; a catalogue of some, probably not all of which, follows : A Word in Season, or duty of a people to take the oath of allegiance to a glorious God, 1727. A'J vice to a child, 1729. The Orthodox Christian ; or, a child well instructed. A preface to Rev. J. Laniard's funeral sermon of Mr. Abiel Abbot, 1739. Artillery Election sermon, 1741. Sermon at the General Election, 1750. Convention Sermon, 1753. Sermon after the great earthquake, 1755. Sermon at the ordination of Rev. N Holt, 1759. Sermon at the Instalment of Rev. S. Chandler, 1759. Sermon on the living water to be had for asking. Sermon on Suicide, after the death of David Gray, 1767. Sermon on the sinner's refusal to come to Christ exam- ined. Sermon on the necessity of God's drawing, in order to men's coming to Christ. Serious Address to young people, in a Dialogue. History of the Saviour. Seasonable Advice to a Neighbour, in a Dialogue, 1761. A Sermon to Young People, 1763. A Discourse on Justification, delivered in Boston, 1766. Mr. Phillips married Miss Hannah White, Haverhill, Jan. 7, 1712. She died Jan. 11, 1773, in the 82d year of her age. Their children were Mary, born 11th Dec. 1712, N. S.; died 5th Dec. 1737 ; married to J. Appleton, Haver- hill. Samuel, born Feb. 24, 1715, Grad. H. U. 1734 ; died Aug. 21, 1790, Andover. Lydia, born June 21, 1717; died 15th Nov. 1749 ; married Dr. Parker Clark. John, born Jan. 7th 1720. Grad. H. U. 1735; died Aug. 21, 1795, Exeter. William, born July 0, 1722 ; died Jan. 1804, mer- 108 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. chant, Boston. His apprenticeship was with Mr. E. Broom- field, an eminent merchant in Boston. In business, he was active, exact, enterprising and successful, and became one of the most opulent merchants in the United States. In various municipal offices, he was faithful and useful. He zealous- ly opposed the oppressive measures of the British govern- ment, and was one of the committee to demand of Gov. Hutchinson, that the tea should be sent back to England. At the commencement of the revolution, he was rejected as a counsellor by Gov. Gage. He was a member of the Convention for forming the Constitution of the Common- wealth, and of that for ratifying the constitution of the United States, and contributed by his practical observations to its adoption. He was frequently a useful member of the legislature in the House and Senate. For many years, he was a deacon in the Old South Church, Boston, and was esteemed a pious, benevolent, and upright man. In L744, he married Miss Abigail Broomneld. Their son William, was often a member of the legislature and Lt. Gov. a number of years, and was distinguished for his very liberal donations to pious and benevolent institutions, and for the encouragement of learning. He died May 1827, aged 77. Abigail was married to Josiah Quincy, jr. an eloquent lawyer and distinguished patriot ; whose son is Hon. Josiah Quincy, Mayor of the city of Boston. Hannah married Mr. Samuel Shaw. Sarah married Mr. Edward Dowse of Dedharn.* Rev. Jonathan French, the second minister of the South parish, youngest son of Deacon Moses and Mrs. Es- ther French of Braintree, was born Jan. 30, 1740. He enlisted a private soldier in 1757, and in March repaired to Fort Edward. In August following, he was scb.ed with the small pox, and after his recovery, with fever and ague, * See Mr. Wisner's Sermon on the death of Lt. Gov. Phillips. REV. JONATHAN FRENCH. 10$ and being unable to do duty, he returned home in October. Soon after his return, he was stationed at Castle William, as a seargent. In the absence of his superior officers, which was frequent, the care of the garrison devolved on him ; he had also charge of the sutler's store. While at Castle William, he was honored with the ac- quaintance of many repectable and literary friends in Bos- ton and vicinity. Having a fondness for books, he improv- ed his leisure time in reading ; devoting his attention chief- ly to the study of surgery and physic. Under the direc- tion of the surgeon of the garrison, and by the friendly aid of Drs. Whitworth and Jeffries, he made considerable pro- ficiency, and had so much the confidence of the faculty, that the medicines and the sick were frequently intrusted to his care. He was resolute, punctual, and faithful ; and these traits of character were continued through life. Though advised by the physicians named above to pur- sue his medical studies, and promised aid in his establish- ment in Boston, yet encouraged by a number of litera- ry friends, he resolved to obtain a collegiate education. Messrs. Davis and Phillips directed him in his studies, and several gentlemen, particularly, Mr. Barnard, son of tho governor, furnished him with books. He continued at Castle William, discharging the duties of his station, till ready to commence his residence at college. On the last day of his service at the garrison, he waited on the Gover- nor and other company, as commanding officer of the day, gave up his commission, presented his sword to his succes- sor, repaired to Harvard University, became subject to au- thority, and, in the evening, rung the bell as butler's fresh- man. He possessed in uncommon degree, the confidence and friendship of his instructers and fellow students, and was active in associations for improvement. He was grad- uated in 1771, and continued at college in the study of theology. 10 110 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. After preaching some time in Andover S. P., he was invited unanimously to settle in the ministry, and was or- dained 22d Sept. 1772. He devoted himself to the duties of his station, which he discharged, both in public and in private, with assiduity and success. His discourses were plain, practical, and un- adorned. His voice was pleasant, strong and piercing ; his delivery was animated, and often pathetic ; his manner was serious and solemn. He was a popular preacher. He was serviceable to his people as a physician ; but his attentions in this respect, with the medicines, were gratuitous. He was a friend to liberty and his country, and did much to encourage the people in the revolutionary war. On hearing of the battle of Bunker Hill, he immediately took his gun and surgical instruments and repaired to the army, and was in season to assist in dressing the wounded. He always considered it his duty to use his privilege in voting for the officers of the State and general government. His temper and sensibilities were quick and keen, but he had them under control. He had a facility of impart- ing instruction and consolation to the afflicted, and of in- structing and impressing the minds of the young in his visits to the schools, and in his catechetical lectures/ He was hospitable, cheerful, and benevolent, was be- loved and esteemed by his parishioners and a large circle of acquaintance. He was an active and useful Trustee of Phillips Aca- demy, was greatly desirous of promoting good learning and morals, and assisted gratuitously by his books and instruc- tions, many young gentlemen in their preparation for the ministry. Being well acquainted with human nature, his advice and assistance in composing difficulties were frequently REV. JONATHAN FRENCH. Ill sought and highly valued. During his ministry, he was invited to attend seventy eight ecclesiastical councils for ordinations and other purposes. His religious opinions were in most points Calvinistic ; but he was candid and catholic in his feelings and conduct, and held good fellowship with his brethren of widely dif- ferent sentiments. He died suddenly of a paralytic affection, July 28,1809, in the 70th year of his age, and 37th of his ministry. Rev. Mr. Stone of Reading preached at his funeral from John 14: 28. His publications were — Sermon against Extortion, 1777; at the ordination of Rev. D. Oliver, Beverly, 1787; at the ordination of Rev. Abiel Abbot, Haverhill, 1795; at the General Election, May 25,1796; at the Anniversary Thanks- giving, Nov. 29, 1798 ; at the ordination of Rev. J. Kendall, Plymouth, 1800; at the ordination of his son, Rev. Jona. French, North Hampton, N. H. 1801 ; at Evening Lecture, Portsmouth, 1805; Charge at the ordination of Rev. E. Pearson, ll.d. Sept. 12, 1808. Mr. French was married, Aug. 26, 1773, to Miss Abi- gail Richards. She died Aug. 1821, aged 79. — His chil- dren were Abigail, born 29th May 1776; wife of Rev. S. Stearns, Bedford. Jonathan, born 16th Aug. 1778 ; min- ister of North Hampton, N. H. Mary-Holyoke, born Aug. 1781; wife of Rev. Mr. Sperry, Wenham.* The first seven ministers of Andover attained nearly the average age of 73 years. The first minister left Andover, 1647. The average time of the ministry of the other six was about 44 years. An unusual length of life and of min- istry. * See Rev. Mr. Alden's Memoir of Rev. Mr. French, CHAP, VI. EDUCATION-SCHOOLS-- ACADEMIES- INSTITUTION. The early settlers of New England well understood the importance of knowledge and education. Many of the fa- thers of Massachusetts were well educated, and they exert- ed themselves to found a college, and to encourage schools to the utmost of their ability. The great mass of settlers, engaged in providing themselves and families with food and dwellings, could not be expected to do much in their plan- tations besides supporting the gospel and maintaining relig- ious and moral instruction. The Legislature, in 1647, considering the great impor- tance of a general diffusion of knowledge, made provision for free schools, by ordering that every township of fifty fam- lies shall provide a school, in which children may be taught to read and write ; and that every town of a hundred fami- lies shall maintain a grammar school, in which youth may be prepared for college ; to which another law was added, in 1683, providing that every township, of more than five hundred families, should maintain two grammar schools and two writing schools ; a burthen, which, considering the feeble means of the colony, and the dark period when it was assumed, was no doubt vastly greater, than any similar burthen that has been borne since ; and when compared with the present wealth of the State, greater than any one of its civil expenses. It is a singular fact too, that no legal requisitions made since, have, even in name and form, come EDUCATION — SCHOOLS. 113 up to this noble standard established by our poor and suf- fering forefathers in the middle of the 17th century.* In 1701, it was voted, that a convenient school house be erected at the parting of the ways, by Joseph Wilson's, to be 20 feet long and 16 feet wide ; and the selectmen were directed to employ a grammar school master from year to year. Soon after the division of the town, the grammar school was kept alternately in each parish. In 1714 a school house was built by the South parish, 22 feet by 16, and 6 feet stud. Schools for small children were maintained by subscrip tion in various parts of the town, and kept by females. For many years after the grammar school was support- ed, it does not appear that other schools were provided for by assessing the town. In 1753, £25 were raised for reading and writing. In 1755, £45 for the grammar, and £35 for other schools. In 1757, £35 for grammar and £15 for other schools. In 1758, six schools were voted for the outskirts, 1^ miles from the centre; and £35 for grammar, and £10 for oth- er schools, — and the same sums for the year following. From 1760 to 1771, £40 for grammar and £15 for other schools. From 1771 to 1777, £40 for grammar and £25 for other schools. From 1783, to 1785, ,£80 were raised for schools The maintaining of the grammar school has been neglected from this period to the present time. From 1783 to 1790, .£90 were raised for schools ; 1791-4, ,£100 ; 1795, £120 ; 1796-7, £200. In 1795, the town was divided in- to twelve districts for schools, and the money raised was proportioned to each district according to the number of fanvlijs. There were at that time 401 families in the town. From 1798 to 1805, the sum raised was $800. — * North American Review, No. 45, p. 453. 10* 114 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 1806 to 1819, $1200.-1820 to 1825, $1300. About two thirds of the money are appropriated for winter schools taught by masters, and one third for summer schools taught by females. The late law of the Commonwealth will tend much to the improvement of schools, by increasing the qualifications of instructers, by producing a uniformity of the most suitable school books, and by encouragement given to instructers and schools, by regular visits and reports of the schools. PHILLIPS ACADEMY. Phillips Academy was founded, April 21, 1778, by Hon. Samuel Phillips, Andover, and Hon. John Phillips, Exeter, sons of Rev. Samuel Phillips. The property originally transferred to twelve Trustees by the founders, consisted of 141 acres of land with the buildings upon it, in Andover, and 200 acres in Jaffrey, N. H., and .£1614, or $5,380; the income from the lands and money was to be forever appropriated and expended for the support of a public free school, or Academy, in the South Parish of Andover. The first object of this institution is declared to be the promotion of true piety and virtue; the 2d, instruction in the English, Latin, and Greek languages, together with writing, arithmetic, music, and the art of speaking ; the 3d, practical geometry, logic, and geography ; and the 4th, such other of the liberal arts and sciences, or languages, as opportunity and ability may hereafter admit and the Trustees shall direct. The constitution of this academy was formed by Hon. Samuel Phillips jr. when only 21 years of age. By his so- licitations, his father and uncle bestowed the large sums, by which both academies, at Andover and Exeter were so PHILLIPS ACADEMY. 115 liberally endowed. Of this property he was the natural and presumptive heir. April 28, 1778, was the first meeting of the Trustees, and the board was organized. At this time Mr. Eliphalet Pearson was appointed Instructer by the founders. The school was opened April 30, 1778, under the instruction and government of Mr. Pearson and Joseph Mottey assistant. An act of incorporation was obtained, Oct. 4th, 1780. In the first building there were accommodations for sixty students. January 30th, 1786, a new building, erected by Hon. S. Phillips and his two brothers, John of Exeter, and William of Boston, was occupied. One room below was appropriated for a school-room, containing seats and boxes for 100 pupils. Two other rooms were for library, muse- um, recitations. The upper story was a spacious hall for speaking and exhibitions. This building was consumed by fire, Jan. 18J8. The books were principally preserved. An elegant brick building 80 feet long and 40 feet wide, two stories, was erected the following season. In 1789, Hon. John Phillips gave this Seminary the further sum of $20,000 for the virtuous and pious educa- tion of youths of genius and serious dispositions. In his last will also, he bequeathed one third part of all the estate of which he died possessed, for the benefit, more especially of charity scholars, such as may be of excelling genius and good moral character ; and for the assistance of youths lib- erally educated, and designed for the ministry. To this last fund, the Hon. William Phillips of Boston bequeathed $4,000, for the same pious design. » The late Lieut. Gov. William Phillips left a legacy of $15,000 to this Academy, which has been appropria- ted for the support of an English High School ; and of $10,000 to the Theological Institution. 116 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. This is one of the earliest, and best endowed, institu- tions of the kind in this country. It has been conducted according to the design of the noble founders, and has been eminently useful to the public. The cause of litera- ture and virtue has been greatly assisted and promoted by this Semiuary ; and the community will ever have reason to honor the memory of the liberal founders. The Academy has always been provided with one prin- cipal and one assistant instructer, and others have been employed, whenever the circumstances of the school re- quired. TRUSTEES OF PHILLIPS ACADEMY. Accessus. Exit. vel. ex. rff. deces* 1778 * Hon. Samuel Phillips a. m. 1791 * Hon. John Phillips ll. d. 1795 * Hon. William Phillips 1802 * Hon. Oliver Wendell a. m. 1818 * Hon. John Lowell ll. d. 1K02 * Rev. Josiah Stearns a. m. 1781 * Rev. Elias Smith a. m. 1793 * Rev. William Symmes d. d. 1795 * Rev. Jonathan French a. m. 1809 * Hon. Samuel Phillips ll. d. 1802 Rev. Eliphalet Pearson ll. d. 1826 • * Mr. Nehemiah Abbot 1808 1781 * Rev. David Tappan d. d. 1803 1786 * Ebenezer Pemberton ll. d. ex off. 1793 1791 * Hon. William Phillips 1827 1795 * Samuel Abbot Esq. 1808 1795 Mark Newman a. m. 1795 * Rev. Jedidiah Morse d. d. 1826 1795 * Hon. Jacob Abbot 1801 1801 * Hon. John Phillips a. m. (Andover) 1820 1802 * Hon. John Phillips a. m. (Boston) 1823 1802 Hon. Josiah Quincy ll. d. 1828 PHILLIPS ACADEMY. 117 1802 Samuel Farrar a. m. 1804 Rev. Daniel Dana d. d. 1809 Rev. Abiel Holmes d. d. ll. d. 1810 John Adams a. m. ex. off. 1811 Samuel H. Walley Esq. 1820 Hon. Jonathan Phillips a. m. 1820 Rev. Justin Edwards d. d. 1823 Hon. Samuel Hubbard ll. d. 1826 Rev. John H. Church d. d. 1826 Rev. Benjamin B. Wisner d. d. 1827 Hon. William B. Banister a. m. Principal Inst meters. 1778 * Rev. Eliphalet Pearson ll. d. 1786 1786 Ebenezer Pemberton ll. d. 1793 1795 Mark Newman a. m. 1809 1810 John Adams a. m. Rev. Eliphalet Pearson l l. d. was born in Byefield, Newbury, June 1752, grad. H. U. 1773; studied Theology and became a preacher. He resided in Andover at the commencement of hostilities in 1775, taught the grammar school, and was the first to collect and prepare saltpetre from earth taken from under the floors of barns and other build- ings, for the use of the powder mill just built by S. Phil- lips jr. Esq. He was appointed the first instructer of Phil- lips Academy. Under his direction it was organized and obtained a high reputation. He was an active and useful Trustee from its foundation to his death. In 1786, he was elected professor of Hebrew and other oriental languages and of the English language in Harvard University. The du- ties of this station were discharged with ability and great use- fulness, during twenty years, the last six of which he was a Fellow of the College, and exerted himself to promote its in- terest and improvement. In 1806 he resigned his connexion with the University, and soon after removed to Andover. Here he was soon engaged i n organizing the Theological 118 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. Institution, and was active and persevering in uniting the Associate founders with th f se of Andover, who were project- ing a similar Institution at Newbury. This object was ef- fected chiefly by his eff >rts, and has contributed very much to the enlargement and usefulness of the Seminary. At its organization in 1808, he was inducted into the office of As- sociate Professor of sacred literature, to the duties of which he faithfully applied himself. In 1809, he resigned his professorship, and continued to reside in Andover, exerting his influence in favour of the Academy and Institution. On the death of E. Bromfield Esq. in 1820, he removed to Harvard. Soon after his removal to this place, he became infirm. He died at Greenland, N. H. while on a visit to his daughter, Mrs. Abbot, Sept. 12, 1826, aged 74. He was honored with L L. D. from Yale and New Jersey Colleges ; was early associated with the American Academy and with the Historical Society, and was an active member of other societies for benevolent, moral and religious pur- poses. His life was spent in literary pursuits and in promoting literary and benevolent institutions. He maintained a good reputation as a scholar among his contemporaries ; and did much as an instructer to promote good taste and correct literature, and to raise higher the standard of edu- cation and classic learning. Much ought to be attributed to him as an instructer in advancing the cause of educa- tion by urging a more thorough and accurate preparation for college, and by greater attention to the elementary parts of knowledge and laying a good foundation for con- tinued improvement. As an instructer he excelled in ac- curacy, thorough instruction, in preserving order, in form- ing his pupils to habits of diligence, punctuality, sincerity, and attention to their moral conduct. He was particularly attentive in forming their manners and their minds to the THEOLOGICAL INSTITUTION. 119 Jove and practice of piety and virtue. He pursued with great ardor and perseverance whatever he undertook. Dr. Pearson published a lecture after the death of Pres- ident Willard ; a sermon before the Society for promoting christian knowledge ; a sermon at the funeral of Madam Phillips; a sermon at the ordination of Rev. E. Abbot at Greenland, N. H. &c. He married Miss Priscilla, daughter of President Hoi- yoke, who died leaving one daughter, Mary Holyoke, now wife of Rev. Ephraim Abbot. He married for a second wife Miss Sarah, daughter of E. Bromfield Esq. by whom he left two sons and one daughter ; Margaret, wife of Rev. I. H. T. Blanchard ; Edward, on the estate at Harvard ; Henry-Bromfield, attorney at law, Philadelphia. It is much regretted, that a memoir of Dr. Pearson hat not been given to the public. THEOLOGICAL. INSTITUTION. In conformity with the design of Hon. John Phillips and Hon. William Phillips in their donations for assisting students of Divinity, the Trustees of Phillips Academy, in June 1807, obtained liberty from the Legislature of Mas- sachusetts, to receive and hold donations for the purpose of a Theological Institution, intended to furnish a profes- sional education, to youths destined for the christian min- istry. In consequence of an act of the Legislature, Mrs. Phebe Phillips, relict, and Hon. John Phillips, son of the late Lieut. Gov. Samuel Phillips, obligated themselves, the following August, to erect, with all convenient despatch, two buildings ; one for the accommodation of students, the other for the steward. At the same time and by the same instrument, Sam- uel Abbot Esq. of Andover gave to the trustees 20,000 dollars, as a lund for the purpose of maintaining a professor 120 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. of Christian Theology, and for the support and encourage- ment of students in Divinity. These donations are to be forever appropriated and applied by the Trustees for the use and endowment of a Theological Institution in Phil- lips Academy, described by the Donors, and regulated by their statutes. On the 21st March, 1808, Moses Brown Esq. and Hon. William Bartlet, both of Neburyport, gave, the former $10,000, and the latter $30,000, and Hon. John Norris, $10,000 for the purpose of supporting two professors in the Theological Institution ; and also, for the maintenance of such students in Divinity, as should be proper candidates for gratuitous support. A board of three Visitors was unitedly appointed by the original and associate founders of the Theological In- stitution, for the purpose of seeing their intentions execut- ed. This board elects its own successors. As qualifications for admission into the Institution, the Constitution requires a liberal education, and testimonials of a good character and talents. The course of education is completed in three years ; and accordingly, the students are divided into three classes, Junior, Middle, and Senior. Tuition is free of expense to all, and the charity funds give entire support to such as are indigent. The Institution was opened in October 1808 for the reception of students, and thirty six received instruction the first year. The Library contains about 6,000 or 7,000 volumes, selected with particular reference to the use of the Theo- logical Institution. There are four Professors, one of Sacred Literature, one of Christian Theology, one of Sacred Rhetoric, and one of Ecclesiastical History. Public instruction is given in these and other branches of Theology, and courses of lec- tures to the classes separately by each of the Professors. THEOLOGICAL INSTITUTION. 121 A public examination is held on the fourth Wednesday of September. There are two vacations of 5 weeks each, one commencing after the examination, and the other on the last Wednesday in April. Public worship on the Sabbath was attended by the Academy and Institution in the meeting house in the South parish with the congregation till 1816, when a church was organized, and public worship has since been performed in the chapel of the Institution. On the 20th Aug. 1816, the following Creed and Cove- nant were approved by the Trustees as the Creed and Covenant of the Church in the Institution. " We believe in the existence of one true Cod, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost ; that the Scriptures of the Old and New Testament were given by divine inspiration, and con- tain the only perfect rule of faith and practice ; in the fall of man, and in his entire moral depravity ; the necessi- ty of an atonement, and of our being renewed in the spirit of our minds; the doctrines of repentance toward God, and of faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ; of sanctification by the Holy Spirit, of justification by the free grace of God, through the redemption, that is in Jesus Christ ; in the doctrine of a general resurrection and future judgment, in the everlasting blessedness of the righteous, and the endless punishment of the finally impenitent ; and gener- ally, in the principles of religion contained in the Assem- bly's Shorter Catechism. " Acknowledging our infinite obligations to be the Lord's, we desire, in sincerity of heart, and with a deep sense of our unworthiness, to lay hold on his holy and ever- lasting covenant. " We give up ourselves to God the Father, as our God, our Father, and our eternal portion. * We give up ourselves to the blessed Jesus, the Re- 11 122 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. deemer and Head of the Church, as our Prophet, Priest, and King ; and rely upon him alone for salvation. " We give up ourselves to the Holy Spirit, and rely up- on him for sanctification, guidance, and comfort. " Depending on divine grace for assistance, we hereby solemnly and unitedly bind ourselves to glorify God by a faithful discharge of the duties of sobriety, righteousness, and godliness, and by a diligent observance of all his com- mandments and ordinances. We particularly engage to walk together as a Church of Christ, faithfully attending the public worship of God, the sacraments of the New Tes- tament, the discipline of his kingdom, and all his sacred institutions, in connexion with one another, and watchful- ly avoiding whatever is contrary to purity, peace, and love, as becomes the followers of the meek and lowly Jesus. " All this we do, flying to the blood of the everlasting covenant for the pardon of our sins, and beseeching the glorious God to prepare and strengthen us for every good work to do his will, working in us that, which is well pleas- ing in his sight, through Jesus Christ ; to whom be glory, dominion, and praise forever and ever. Amen." Besides public worship on the Sabbath, and morning and evening prayers in the chapel, the professors and stu- dents have other religious exercises among themselves. There are several societies, also, among the students, for promoting improvement in various ways. The Theological Institution has a pleasant, healthy and elevated situation, which commands a handsome and ex- tensive prospect. The buildings consist of a dwelling house for each of the professors ; a steward's house and dining hall ; Phillips Hall, of brick, 90 feet by 40, four stories, containing 32 rooms for students, built in 1808; Bartlet Chapel, an elegant brick building, 94 feet by 40, containing a chapel, library and three lecture rooms, built THEOLOGICAL INSTITUTION. 123 in 1818 ; and Bartlet Hall, a very elegant brick building, 104 feet by 40, containing 32 suits of rooms, completely fur- nished, presented by Mr. Bartlet, September 1821. Founders of the Institution ; Mrs. Phebe Phillips, her son Hon. John Phillips, and Samuel Abbot, Esq. — Asso- ciate Founders ; Hon. William Bartlet, Moses Brown, Esq. and Hon. John Norris. — Visitors; * Samuel Abbot Esq. Hon. William Bartlet, * Moses Brown Esq. * Hon. John Norris, * Samuel Spring, d. d., * Timothy Dwight, d. d., George Bliss, ll. d., Calvin Chapin, d. d., * Samuel Wor- cester, d. d. 3 Jeremiah Day, d. d., Hon. William Reed. PROFESSORS. Sacred Literature. 1808 Rev. Eliphalet Pearson ll. d. Associate Professor. Resigned 1809. 1810 Rev. Moses Stuart a. m. Associate Professor. Christian Theology. 1808 Rev. Leonard Woods d. d. Abbot Professor. Sacred Rhetoric 1809 Rev. Edward Dorr Griffin d. d. Bartlet Professor. Resigned 1811. 1812 Rev. Ebenezer Porter d. d. Barlet Professor. 1819 Rev. James Murdock d. d. Brown Professor. Ecclesiastical History. 18*24 Rev. James Murdock d. d. Brown Professor. North Parish Free School was incorporated June 1801, and took the name of Franklin Academy by act of Court in 1803. A convenient building was erected by sub- scription, and constant instruction has been given to males and females. 124 HISTORY OP ANBOVER. The school has been highly beneficial to the North par- ish and to those youth who have enjoyed its advantages. In 1827 the female department was removed to another build- ing and has been conducted with success. The Classical School, taught the eight preceding years by Mr. Simeon Putnam, has been constantly and deservedly rising in repu- tation for thorough instruction and moral discipline. The school is enlarged, and Rev. Cyrus Pierce, an experienced and faithful teacher, is associated in the charge of it with Mr. Putnam. Its reputation is inferior to none, and has never been more flourishing than at the present time. A list of natives and of softs of residents in Andover, who have received a collegiate education. 1723. *Isaac Abbot, son of Capt. George Abbot, and grandson of George Abbot a first settler, was a trader, a deacon of the south church 44 years, read the psalm, line by line, which was discontinued about the time of his death. He was an upright man, useful citizen, and devout chris- tian. He died Aug. 9, 1784, in the 86th year of his age, leaving one son, dea. Isaac, and two daughters, Mrs. Phe- be, wife of Capt. II. Abbot, and Mrs. Sarah, wife of Mr. Timothy Abbot, who are still living. 1737. *Abiel Abbot, son of dea. John A., designed for the ministry, was a good scholar, and promising young man. He died May 29, 1739, aged 23 years.t 1784. John Abbot, son of Capt. John Abbot, born April 8, 1759, was Tutor in H. U. five years, Prof, of the Latin and Greek languages in Bowdoin College from 1802 to 1816, and is Treasurer and Agent of the College. 1784. * Samuel Abbot, son of George Abbot Esq. merchant, Saco, Me. married a daughter of Col. Thomas f See Rev. J. Barnard's funeral sermon. LIST OF GRADUATES. 125 Cutts. He died May 8, 1792, in the 32d year of his age, leaving two sons, who died in early life. 1787. *William Lovejoy Abbot, son of Mr. Nehemiah Abbot, was a physician in Haverhill. He died, April 1798, aged 33 years. 1788. Benjamin Abbot, L L. D. son of Capt. John Abbot, born Sept. 17, 1762, Principal of Phillips Exeter Academy, from 1788 to the present time. 1792. *Abiel Abbot, D. D. son of Capt. John Abbot, born Aug. 17, 1770. His father having educated two sons was desirous to establish him upon a farm ; but he could not be dissuaded from his purpose of obtaining a collegiate education. His preparatory studies for College were at Phil- lips Academy, under direction of Dr. Pemberton, of whose assiduity in promoting the improvement of his pupils he ev- er retained a most grateful sense. He passed through his collegiate course with high reputation as a scholar, with- out stain or censure. One year was spent as Assistant to his brother in Exeter Academy ; and the greater part of the year following the Academy at Andover was under his care ; of this he might have been established as principal ; but he preferred the gospel ministry, for which he had a strong predilection. The time he spent in instruction ren- dered him more accurate in elementary learning and more familiar with the youthful mind, and enabled him to render important service to the town schools and to the youth of his parish. He began to preach in 1795, and was ordain- ed pastor of the first congregational society in Haverhill in June of the same year, being the first place at which he preached as a candidate. After eight years usefully and happily spent with an affectionate people, to whom he was extremely endeared, inadequate support and a growing fam- ily rendered it an imperative duty, as it seemed to him, re- luctantly to ask a separation from a beloved people. It was 11* 126 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. with equal reluctance granted. Application for his servi- ces was immediately made by the first parish in Beverly, where he was installed Dec. 14, 1803. Here he ministered with success, and with little interruption, till the summer of 1818, when his health was much impaired ; by advice of physicians, he spent the winter and spring following in S. C, at Charleston and vicinity. He returned by land with health much improved. He performed his professional duties with much diligence and success, till the autumn of 1827, when, by advice of physicians, he sought a milder climate for the winter, which was chiefly spent in Cuba. This is- land he left with health in good degree restored, and preached in Charleston, S. C. the first sabbath in June, which he left the next day in good spirits and apparently in good health. On Tuesday he was ill, but not dangerous- ly so, as was thought by himself and others. On Saturday, just as the vessel was coming to anchor near Staten Island N. Y. he expired. He was interred in the cemetery on Sta- ten Island. Dr. Abbot seems to have been endowed by nature and early culture with a singular combination of qualities pe- culiarly adapted to the ministry. His was an active well balanced mind. His great object was to be useful. For this purpose he cultivated his talents and paid attention to some things, which would be of smaller consideration, ex- cept to render him usefnl. His mind was early impressed by parental instruction to breathe its devout aspirations to his heavenly Father. His youthful piety accompanied him as the guardian of his innocence during the period of his education; he was em- inently devout through li r e, and remarkably, beyond most of his brethren, gifted in prayer. He was peculiarly hap- py in the readiness and pertinency with which he adapted his devotions to occasions and emergencies. LIST OF GRADUATES. 127 The discourses and publications of Dr. Abbot bore the stamp of a mind imbued with the savour of classical stud- ies, familiar with the best models of the English pulpit, en- riched by observation and reflection, and fertile in apt and beautiful illustrations, — a mind susceptible of deep and lively impressions from all that is bright and fair and love- ly and magnificent in creation, — a mind, which had found treasures untold in the scriptures, and in which dwelt the words of Christ richly, whence he drew expressions and im- ages, that gave richness and weight to his discourses and writings, and often reminded his hearer or reader of Sol- omon's similitude of words fitly spoken to apples of gold in pictures of silver; but what is best of all, they evince a mind always intent upon doing good, and which loved and sought, uttered and enforced truth only as it appeared to him to be conducive to goodness. Dr. A. was an eloquent man, as well as mighty in the scriptures. From the first he took rank with the most pop- ular preachers. His manner in the pulpit was singularly impressive, grave, natural, solemn ; much impressed Himself, as conscious of his awful charge, And mainly anxious, that the flock he fed Mig-ht feel it too ; affectionate in look, And tender in address, as well becomes A messenger of grace to guilty man. He exhibited a beautiful union of zeal with prudence; and the love of souls so evidently dictated his admonitions and reproofs to the delinquent, that his fidelity and plain- ness seldom gave offence. In the sick chamber and in the house of mourning, he was truly a son of consolation. Of his religious sentiments, it is enough to say, that he called no man master, that he belonged to no sect, but that of good men; — to no school but that of Jesus Christ, and that he was liberal in the best sense of the term. He nev- 128 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. er thought himself called upon to denounce the opinions of others, and rarely to obtrude his own upon the controverted points of the day. He preached as he thought his Master would have him, speaking what, after diligent and prayer- ful inquiry, he conceived to be the truth in love. His signal love of peace was of inestimable value in a minister in these days. No object was dearer to his heart, than to bring ministers and the people to feel on this sub- ject as he felt. There was nothing harsh or repulsive in his creed, or in his manners ; one was modelled from the instructions, and the other from the character of his Master. He deemed it no sin against any law of God or the example of his Master, to be a gentleman ; not of the school of Chesterfield, as of hypocricy, as of deceit, but as of sincerity, as of God, — of the school of Paul, who exhorts a minister to be gentle to- wards all men, to be courteous, to become, so far as in up- rightness he may, all things to all men. [See Dr. Flint's fun. Sermon.] Dr. Abbot published a number of occasional discour- ses and other pieces ; and a volume of Discourses to Mar- iners. He left a widow, two sons, and five daughters. 1796. Henry Abbot, son of Capt. Henry Abbot, born April 8, 1777, resides in Audover. 1797. Daniel Abbot, son of Mr. Timothy Abbot, born Feb. 25, 1777, a counsellor at law, Dunstable, N. H. a representative in the General Court. 1805. *John Lovejoy Abbot, son of John Lovejoy Ab- bot Esq., Librarian in H. U., was settled in the first Church, Boston, July 14, 1813. Soon after his ordination, his health failed, and he died Oct. 17, 1814, aged 31 years. He was a good scholar, acceptable preacher, and promising young man. Rev. E. Everett delivered a discourse at his funeral. 1821. Yale Coll. John Adams, son of Mr. John Ad- LIST OF GRADUATES. 129 ams Principal of Phillips Academy, a candidate for the ministry. 1827. Y. Coll. William Adams, son of Mr. John Ad- ams Principal of Phillips Academy. 1803. Benjamin Ames, son of Mr. Benjamin Ames, born Oct. 30, 1778, counsellor at law, Bath, Me. Justice of the C. C. P. Speaker of the House of Representatives, and President of the Senate of Maine. 1822. Charles Otis Barker, son of Hon. Stephen Bar- ker, born March 8, 1802, Physician, Dunstable, N. H. 1709. *John Barnard, son of Rev. Thomas Barnard, ordained minister of the N. Parish Andover, April 19, 1719; died June 14, 1757, in the 68th year of his age, and 39th of his ministry. 1732. *Thomas Barnard, son of Rev. John Barnard, was ordained pastor of the second Church, Newbury, Jan. 1738. In a few years after his settlement, fanatics pro- duced considerable excitement among his people, and in the vicinity. He was the object ot peculiar dislike, as his talents, sound discretion and learning were obstacles to their influence and success. The disorders and state of the country at that time, may be learned from a letter ad- dressed by him to Mr. Joseph Adams, a most zealous and eccentric preacher. After much trouble from some of his parish, he was at his own request dismissed. He moved to that part of the town, now Newburyport, studied law, and became a practitioner at the bar, and was a representative of the town to the General Court. His talents were conspicuous in whatever business he engaged. His mind however was more inclined to Theological stud- ies, than to the pursuits of civil life ; and his friends were persuaded, that he would be more useful and happy in the gospel ministry. On the death of Rev. J. Sparhawk, he was invited to the first church in Salem, which embraced 130 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. many men of literature and reputation. They knew how to appreciate his talents, acquirements and worth. He was installed, Sept. 18, 1755. This very respectable so- ciety had reason to be satisfied with the choice they had made. The manner of his preaching was grave, slow and dis- tinct ; but his delivery wanted animation, to give his dis- courses a charm, and render them popular with the mass of hearers. His sermons were rational and judicious, replete with sound reasoning and pertinent thoughts, but some- times wanting perspicuity sufficient for popular assem- blies. He was well acquainted with the deistical contro- versy, and often introduced the subject into his public dis- courses. In opinions, he accorded with Arminius rather than with Calvin, and was an Arian, somewhat resembling Dr. S. Clarke. In the last years of his life, he suffered much from par- alytic complaints. His memory failed, and he could only read his notes by close attention to the writing. In 1772, Mr. Dunbar, a young man of talents, was settled his col- league ; but Mr. Barnard continued to preach till a short time before his death, which took place Aug. 15, 1776, in the 61st year of his age. His friend, the late Dr. Andrew Eliot, at the request of the church, preached the funeral sermon. He left three sons, John, graduated H. U. 1762, merchant, St. Johns, N. Brunswick ; Rev. Thomas Barnard, H. U. 1766, D. D. the beloved and respected minister of the north church, Salem, who died Oct. 1, 1814, aged 66 years ; and Benjamin, a merchant in N. Brunswick. The publications of Mr. Barnard were, a sermon at the ordination of his brother Edward at Haverhill, 1743. A Letter to Mr. Joseph Adams. A sermon at the ordination of Rev. Mr. Bailey, Hampton Falls, 1757. A sermon before LIST OF GRADUATES. 131 the society for promoting industry, 1757. Artillery Eleo tion Sermon, 175S. Sermon at the ordination of Rev. W. Whitwell, Marblehead, 1762. Sermon at the General Elec- tion, 1763. Dudleian Lecture at H. University, 1768. Ser- mon at funeral of Rev. Peter Clark, Danvers, 1768. [See Dr. ElioVs Biographical Dictionary.] 1736. *Edward Barnard, son of Rev. John Barnard, was ordained in Haverhill, April 27, 1743. Mr. Barnard was an excellent scholar, and one of the most learned and accomplished preachers of his time. His discourses were correct and well composed, and were highly relished by scholars and men of taste. He is said to have excelled in poetry, as well as prose, but the only piece in print is an elogy on the death of Mr. Abiel Abbot, his friend, who died in May 1739. The latter part of his ministry was disturbed by sectaries, who accused him of not being con- verted, and not preaching the gospel. But the greater and more respectable part of his flock adhered to him, by whom he was greatly beloved and esteemed. He was endued with much wisdom, sound discretion and fortitude. His sentiments, like many of his highly respectable contempo- raries in the county of Essex, were Arminian. His Epitaph concisely and truly represents his character. " Beneath are the remains of the Rev. Edward Barnard, A. M., Pastor of the first church in this town, who died Jan. 26, 1774, in the 54th year of his age, and 31st of his ministry. In him were united the good scholar, the great divine, and exemplary christian and minister. His under- standing was excellent, judgment exact, imagination lively, and invention fruitful ; eminently a man of prayer ; as a preacher, equalled by few, excelled by none ; indefatigable in the discharge of his ministerial duty, and possessing the most tender concern for the happiness of those committed to his charge. His piety was rational, disposition benev- 132 HISTORY OP ANDOVKR. olent, of approved integrity, consummate prudence, great modesty and simplicity of manners. He was a kind hus- band, tender parent, faithful friend, and agreeable compan- ion. His life was irreproachable, and death greatly la- mented by all who knew his worth. Mark the perfect man, and behold the upright, for the end of that man is peace. " His grateful flock have erected this monument, as a testimony of their affection and respect for his memory." His son, Edward, H. U. 1774, was an Apothecary in Salem, died 14th Dec. 1822, in the 68th year of his age. Mr. Barnard's printed discourses are, Sermon on the good man, Sermon at the ordination of Rev. G. Merrill, Plaistow, 1705. Election Sermon, 1766. Sermon at the ordi- nation of Rev. T. Cary, Newburyport, 1773. Convention Sermon, 1773. Proposals for publishing a volume of sermons from his MSS. were issued in 1774, and a selection was made ; but the commencement of the revolutionary war prevented the publication. These sermons would have borne a high rank among the best compositions of American preachers.* 1826. Yale Coll. Amos Blanchard, son of Dea. Amos Blanchard, student of Divinity. 1727. * John Blunt, son of William Blunt, ordained the third minister of New Castle, N. H. 20th December 1732 ; died August 7, 1748, in his 42d year. There is a tomb stone at New Castle to his memory, which has a very hand- some and appropriate inscription. 1653. * Samuel Bradstreet, son of Gov. Simon B. was fellow of H. U., Representative in the Gen. Court in 1670 — resided in Boston a number of years. 1660. * Simon Bradstreet, son of Gov. Simon B. went from Charlestown in 1666, to New London, Conn., and was ordained, in 1670. He was respected as a minister, * See Dr. Eliot'a Biog. Diet, and SaltonstaH'a Hist, of Haverhill. LIST OP GRADUATES. 183 and had influence with the generation of his time. He died 1638. 1698. *Dudley Bradstreet, son of "Hon. Dudley B. born April 1678, taught the grammar school in Andover two or three years, and was ordained minister of Groton, !6th June 1706; afterwards he went to England for episcopal orders, and died there soon after. 1814. John Ingalls Carlton, M. D. son of Mr. Deane Carlton, physician in the North Parish, Andover. 1728. * James Ch.indler, son of Thomas C. born June 1706, ordained minister of the second parish Rowley, 18th Oct. 1732, died 1788. He published two sermons 1754. Sermon delivered at Newburyport 1767. A Letter addressed to Dr. Tucker, 1767. A letter addressed to a church in Newburyport, 1768. He preached the convention sermon in 1774, not published. 1735. * Samuel Chandler, son of Josiah C. was ordain- ed pastor of the second church in York, Me. 20th January 1742 ;was installed, 13th Nov. 1751, in the first church of Gloucester. He died 1775, in his 63d year. He was a zealous preacher, and useful minister. He published a sermon on the taking of Quebec. 1713. * John Chandler, son of Thomas C. ordained minister of Billerica, Oct. 2 1st, 1747; removed 5th June 1760 ; died 10th Nov. 1762, in the 40th year of his age. 1779. * Samuel Chandler, son of David C. 1807. Joshua Chandler, son of Maj. Abiel C. ordained minister of Swanzy, N. H. 1819 ; removed and installed in Orange, Dec. 1822. 1817. Asa Cuinmings, son ofdea. Asa C, Tutor in B. Coll. ordained minister in North Yarmouth, Feb. 1821. 1800. D. Coll. John Dane, son of Daniel D. ordained 12 134 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. minister of Newfield, Me. 15th Feb. 1802 ; dismissed in about a year. * 1761. * Jacob Emery, ordained minister of Pembroke, N. H. 3d Aug. 1768 ; removed 23d March 1775. 1761. *John Farnum, son of Capt. John Farnum, mas- ter of the Grammar School in Andover several years, a sur- veyor, a member of the Convention which formed the Con- stitution of the State in 1779. He died 5th Nov. 1822, aged 83 years. 1808. * Timothy Farnum, son of Jedidiah Farnum, attorney at law, Monmouth, Me. He died Feb. 1821. 1744. * Jedidiah Foster, son of Ephraim Foster, estab- lished himself as a Lawyer in Brookfield, and married a daughter of Gen. Dwight. His talents and integrity gained the esteem and confidence of the people, and procured for him several offices military and civil. He was Judge of the C. C. P. and of Probate, and counsellor previous to the rev- olution. In 1776, he was appointed Justice of the Superi- our Court, in which office he continued till his death. He was an active member of the Convention for framing the Constitution of the Commonwealth. He engaged with ar- dor in defence of the liberty and rights of his country, and contributed much by his influence and efforts to their estab- lishment. He was early a professor of religion, and adorn- ed his profession by a uniformly virtuous and exemplary life. He died, 17th Oct. 1779, aged 53 years. His sons have been conspicuous in the government of the country. Theodore has been member of Congress and Senator of the U. States. He died in Providence, Jan. 1828, aged 76 years. — Dwight, Attorney at Law, Brookfield, has been Chief Justice of C. C. P. Sheriff of the county of Worcester, Counsellor, Representative in Congress 8 years, and Senator of the U. States. He died, 29th April 1823, aged 65 years. [See Allen's Biog. Diet, and Dr. F is Ice's Sermon.] LIST OF GRADUATES. 135 1756. * Abiel Foster, son of Capt. Asa Foster, was or- dained minister of Canterbury, N. H. Jan. 1761. After his connexion with his people was dissolved in 1779, he was employed in public business, was Representative in the Gen. Court, President of the Senate of the state, Chief Jus- tice of the C. C. P. for Rockingham, was Representative in the old Congress, and a member ten years under the present Constitution. His integrity, virtue and usefulness secured the esteem, confidence and favour of the people of New Hampshire, and the respect of numerous friends. He died Feb. 1806, in the 71st year of his age. [See Hist. Coll ofN.H.] 1821. D. Coll. Stephen Foster, son of John Foster, af- ter pursuing the usual course of studies in the Theological Institution, was ordained a missionary, Oct. 1824, settled at Greenville, Tenn. 1828. D. Coll. Isaac Foster, son of John Foster. 1784. Nathan Frazier, son of , born 11th March 1766, a merchant, Boston, died early in life. 1798. Jonathan French, son of Rev. Jonathan French, born, 16 August 1778, ordained minister of North Hampton N. H. 18th Nov. 1801. 1723. * Jonathan Frye, son of Capt. James Frye, was chaplain to Capt. LovewelPs company, which went to Pig- waket in search of Indians, in 1725. He was severely wounded in the battle of 8th of May, and died in the woods. The journal of the march was kept by him, and was lost in consequence of his death. The large elm near Mr. John Peters' was set out by him. 1744. *Peter Frye, son of Samuel Frye, born Jan. 1723, settled in Salem, was Col. of a regiment, Justice of C. C. P. Register of Probate, and an officer of the custom house. Soon after the commencement of the revolutionary war, he left the country, and spent the remainder of his days 13G HISTORY OF ANDOVER. near London. He died 1820 in the 98th year of his age. He was temperate and regular in his diet, and uniform in his exercise. 1761.* Jonathan Frye, son of Col. James Frye, lived some time at Buckport, and was drowned in Penobscot river. 1821. Enoch Frye, son of Enoch Frye, a teacher of school, Boston. 1822. Nathaniel Gage, son of Nathaniel Gage, tutor in Harvard University, ordained minister in Nashua, Dunsta- ble, N. H. June 27, 1827. 1786. *Robert Gray, son of Robert Gray, ordained min- ister of Dover, N. H. Feb. 1787 ; dismissed May 1805 ; died Aug. 1822, aged 61 years. 1800. Abiel Holbrook, son of Ralph Holhrook, resides in Alexandria, Va. 1739. *Joseph Holt, son of Timothy Holt, taught the grammar school at Andover several years, moved to Wilton N. H. 1765, was useful in the town ; died Aug. 1789, aged 72 years. 1757. *Nathan Holt, son of Nicholas Holt, ordained pas- tor of the second church, Danvers, Jan. 3, 1759, where he remained a faithful and useful minister till his death, Aug. 1, 1792, aged 67 years. 1767. *Moses Holt, son of Jonathan Holt, after preach- ing a short time, settled in business in Portland, where he died. 1790. Peter Holt, son of Joshua Holt, Esq. born June 12, 1763, ordained minister of Epping, N. II. Feb. 27, 1793, removed to Exeter, 1821, installed in the Presbyteri- an church, Peterborough, March 7, 1827. 1813. D. C. Jacob Holt, son of Dane Holt, teacher of school and preacher in Brookline, N. H. ordained pastor, Jan. 30, 1827. 1792. Jedidiah Ingalls, son of John Ingalls, a physician in Durham, N. H. v: VNIVERS1 LIST OF GRADUATES. 137 1814. Samuel Johnson, M. D. M. M. S. S. son of Capt. Joshua Johnson, a physician in Salern. 1828. D. C. Osgood Johnson, son of Osgood Johnson. 1795. *John Kittredge, son of Dr. Thomas Kittredge, some time a physician in Newburyport, appointed collector, moved to Gloucester, was president of Gloucester Bank ; died Aug. 31, 1822, aged 44 years. 180G. D. C. Joseph Kittredge, M. M. S. S. son of Dr. Thomas Kittredge, a physician in Andover, North Parish. 1797. *Samuel Abbot Kneeland, son of John Kneeland Esq. resided in Andover, died Sept. 5, 1817, in the 4 1st year of his age. '1766. * Nathaniel Lovejoy, son of Capt. Nathaniel Lovejoy, settled in Andover in merchandize, was employed in municipal affairs, Justice of peace, and Brigadier General. He died July 5, 1812, aged 68 years. 1801. D. C. Thomas Abbot Merrill, son of dea. Thorn. Merrill, Deering, tutor in Dartmouth College, settled in the ministry, Middlebury, Vt. 1816. Samuel Phillips Newman, son of dea. Mark New- man, Professor of the Latin and Greek languages, in Bow- doin College, and Professor of Rhetoric and Oratory in the same college. 1S25. B. C. Mark H. Newman, son of dea. Mark New- man, bookseller in Andover. 1737. * Joseph Osgood, M. M. S. S. son of dea. John Osgood, spent some time in a counting room, at Glouces- ter, went into sea faring business, and became master of a vessel. In the Spanish War, he was taken and carried in- to Bilboa. Upon being exchanged, he resided several months in London. After obtaining funds, he returned home, settled in Boston, married, and continued to pursue sea faring business. The small pox breaking out in Bos- ton, he removed his family to Andover, about 1752, engag- 12* 138 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. ed in merchandize, and also sold medicines. Being fre- quently called upon to prescribe, he gradually obtained ex- tensive practice, and was a respectable physician. He was a deacon in the north church more than thirty years, was useful in town and parish, of strict integrity and virtue. He died Jan. 11, 1797, aged 78 years. Margaret, his wife, died Feb. 16, 1797, aged 76 years. His son Joseph, M. M. S. S. was a respectable physi- cian in Danvers and Salem. John settled in West Newbu- ry, a fanner, representative to the General Court, a deacon, respected for his moral worth. George, M. M. S. S. a res- pectable physician in Andover. 1744. *lsaac Osgood, son of Timothy Osgood, born Aug. 1724, settled in mercantile business in Haverhill, where he died about 1790. His sons, Joshua-Bailey, H. U. 1772; Isaac, H. U. 1775 ; William, Peter, apothecary, Haverhill. 1770. *Samuel Osgood, son of Capt. Peter Osgood, on leaving college, commenced the study of theology, with in- tention of entering the ministry ; but close application so impaired his health and eyes, that he went into mercantile business. Soon after the commencement of the revolution- ary war, he was chosen a member of the provincial Con- gress, and appointed one of the board of war. He was of the Convention for framing the state Constitution, in 1779. He w r as repeatedly appointed a representative in the conti- nental Congress. W?jen the Treasury of the United States was put under the management of three commissioners, he was appointed one of them. Each commissioner being re- quired to give bonds with sureties in the penal sum of $100,000, he hesitated about accepting the office, being un- willing to request so great a favour of his friends, as to be- come his sureties. Such, however, was the confidence of LIST OF GRADUATES. 13& the government of Massachusetts, as to become voluntarily responsible in his behalf. He continued in this office, till the establishment of the present Constitution of the United States. Upon the organization of the Government, he was appointed Postmaster General. When the Congress moved from the city of New York in 1791, the emoluments of the office were not a sufficient inducement for him to remove with his family to Philadelphia. After which he held some office in the revenue till his death, in 1818, aged 70. He was an original member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. lie was respected for his talents and services, his urbanity and moral and religious worth. He married and settled in the city of New York. He left four chil- dren, Martha married to M. Genet, Juliana married Sam- uel Osgood, Susan Mr. Field, Walter-Franklin. In 1811 he published a vol. 8vo. on Theology and Metaphysics. 1771. *David Osgood, D. D. the son of Capt. Isaac Osgood, ordained pastor of the church in Medford, Sept. 14, 1774; died Dec. 12, 182*2, aged 75 years. He was distinguished from his youth for habits of close application and thought. His early life was passed principally in re- tirement and in devoted attention to the studies of his pro- fession. A fearless honesty, an entire freedom from dis- guise, was a striking trait of his mind and heart. He fol- lowed with firmness the convictions of his conscience, and never shrunk from what he thought his duty. His con- versation was often enlivened with innocent hilarity, and playful cheerfulness, and intercourse with him was much relished. His piety was deep and fixed ; free from ostentation and noise ; his religion was a real power, equally remote from the cold indifference of the speculative christian, and the fanaticism of the enthusiast. He never wished to bring to any human test the attainments of others in piety 140 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. and holiness; but if he saw the evidences of their having imbibed the spirit of Jesus, and having formed their lives- according to the gospel, he was satisfied, without the ap- plication of the arbitrary standards invented by men. His religious opinions were those, which are usually denominated moderately orthodox. No part of his relig- ious character was more striking, than his freedom from every thing that wore the semblance of bigotry, his love of free inquiry, and his magnanimous and christian charity for those who differed from him. He was in the best sense of the words, catholic and liberal. He carried with him through life an ardent love of religious liberty, and dreaded every approach to ecclesiastical usurpation, or whatever might infringe upon the independency of the churches. As a theologian and preacher, Dr. Osgood must be al- lowed by all to have stood in the first rank. The studies connected with the sacred office and duties were ever dear to him. His mind was well stored with various reading and deep reflection ; and he drew from his own resources striking illustrations. His eloquence was fashioned by no rules and shaped by no model ; it was all his own — the nat- ural overflowing of a soul full of its subject. The charac- teristics of his preaching were boldness and strength, pow- erful statements, heart-searching appeals, elevating descrip- tions. He published a large number of occasional and other sermons, which do credit to him as a writer, and a man of powerful mind. A valuable volume of sermons, since his decease, has been selected from his MSS. and published. — Mrs. Hannah, his wife, died Feb. 1818, aged 70. He left one son, David, M. D. a physician in Boston, and two. daughters. [See Ch. Disciple, Vol. 4. No. 6.] 1789. Yale Coll. * Jonathan Osgood, M. M. S. S., son of Josiah Osgood, ordained first minister of Gardner, Ms. LIST OF GRADUATES. 141 Oct. 19, 1791 ; died June 1822, in the 60th year of his age. Soon after his settlement, he began the practice of medicine, and was respected by the faculty. 1804. Joseph Otis Osgood, M. M. S. S. son of Dr. George Osgood, a physician in Kensington, N. H. 1808. D. C. Samuel Osgood, son of Peter Osgood Esq. in business New York. 1814. Peter Osgood, son of Peter Osgood Esq. born Feb. 4, 1793, ordained minister of Sterling, Ms. June 30, 1819. 1814. Isaac Peabody Osgood, son of Dr. Kendall Os- good, Peterborough, attorney at law, Boston. 1815. Gay ton Pick man Osgood, son of Isaac Osgood Esq. attorney at law, Andover. 1818. *Timothy Osgood, son of Capt. Timothy Osgood, attorney at law, Canton, Alabama, died Aug. 27, 1823, soon after commencing business. 1813. Gorham Parks, son of Gen. Parks, Counsellor at Law, Waldoborough, Me. 1769. ^Stephen Peabody, son of John Peabody, ordain- ed first minister of Atkinson, N. H. Nov. 20, 1772; died May 23, 1819, in his 78th year. He was an acceptable preacher, esteemed by his people, and a pleasant companion. He left one son, Stephen, H. U. 1794, Attorney at Law, Atkinson. 1773. Oliver Peabody, son of Oliver Peabody, born Sept. 2, 1752 ; Counsellor at law, Exeter, Sheriff of Rock- ingham, Justice of C. C. P., President of the Senate, and Treasurer of the State of N. H. His sons, twins, Oliver William-Bourn P. Counsellor at law, Exeter, and William- Bourn-Oliver P. settled in the ministry, Springfield, Mass. educated H. U. 1816. 1803. D. C. Augustus Peabody, son of deacon John Peabody, Counsellor at Law, Boston. 14-2 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. 1816. Henry Bromfield Pearson, son of Dr. Eliphalet Pearson, Attorney at Law, Philadelphia. 1723. *Andrew Peters, son of Samuel Peters, ordained the first minister of Middleton, Oct. 1729; died Oct. 6, 1756, aged 55 years. 1818. *Henry Adams Peters, son of Joseph Peters, teacher of youth, Clarkville, Ten., died in Andover, Aug. 8, 1827, aged 31. 1734. *Samuel Phillips, son of Rev. Samuel Phillips, after teaching the grammar school some time, settled in merchandize in the N. Parish, and was successful. He was useful in the business of the town and parish, in which for many years he took a part. He was frequently a repre- sentative in the General Court, was of the Council board in the difficult period previous to the revolution, and was a stanch whig. For many years, he discharged the duties of a magistrate with strict regard to order and the good of Society. He was, more than 40 years, deacon of the North Church, and was a firm supporter of religious order. Early form- ing the habit of exactness and economy in business, he ac- quired a large estate. There was a sternness, a precise- ness, a frowning on vice and disorder, which did not con- tribute to popularity ; but his ascendency and usefulness were always maintained. Having acquired much wealth, and having but one son, who was earnestly desirous of promoting good learning, es- pecially the virtuous and pious education of youth, he with his brother, John Phillips of Exeter, set apart a generous sum for the support of a free school in Andover, which went into operation April 1778. Mr. Phillips, by founding this Academy, gave an im- pulse to the public mind and feeling on the subject of ed- ucation. This well directed beneficence will deservedly perpetuate his memory to future generations. He died Aug. 21, 1790, aged 75 years. XIST OF GRADUATES. 143 He married Elizabeth, daughter of Theodore Barnard, and grand daughter of Rev. Thomas Barnard, an excel- lent woman. They left but one son, Hon. Samuel Phillips ; all their other children died young. 1/35. *John Phillips, L L. D., son of Rev. Samuel Phil- lips, after teaching the public school at Andover and other places, became a preacher and candidate for the ministry. Leaving theological pursuits, he settled in Exeter in mer- chandize, and also taught a private Latin school. He was an elder in the Second church; and in 1747, was unanimously invited to become its pastor. He married Mrs. Sarah Giiman, relict of Nathaniel Giiman Esq., and daughter of Rev. Mr. Emery of Wells, a virtuous and respectable lady. After her decease, he married the relict of Dr. Hale, and daugh- ter of Hon. E. Dennet, Portsmouth, who survived him. He had no children by either of his wives. By industry, economy, and close attention to business, he accumulated a large estate. He was Col. of militia, Justice of the C. C. P. and one of the Council. He was distinguished for his very liberal donations to public and literary institutions. Prince- ton college was aided by his munificence, and in D. Coll. he founded a professorship of Divinity. He assisted in founding the Academy at Andover, and conferred on it large sums of money. But his most liberal donations were reserved for the Academy at Exeter, which was founded and endowed by him alone, and was opened for instruction in 1783, without charge for tuition, and grew up under his eye and by his direction. It is the best endowed Institu- tion of the kind, and holds the first rank in the country. Many excellent scholars and eminent men have received the elementary part of their education at this seminary. He devoted nearly all of his large estate to pious and literary uses, and lived to see much good result to the community 144 histoiiv of andover. from his benevolent efforts. He died April 21, 1795, aged 75 years. He was a sagacious observer of human nature, shrewd in his remarks, seldom erred in judgment, and had much practical wisdom. His Academy has given him a name better than of sons and daughters. 1771. *Samuel Phillips, L L. D. A. A. S., son of Hon. Samuel Phillips, was born Feb. 16, 1752, and died Feb. 10, 1802, aged 50. His mind was early imbued with religious and moral principles, and habits of order, obedience and diligence were early formed. His studies preparatory for college were pursued under the direction of Samuel Moody Esq. at Dummer Academy. His proficiency, his manliness and sobriety and regular conduct secured the esteem and confidence of his instructor and fellow students. He en- tered college with a habit of application and order, and with a high sense of moral feeling and love of learning. His activity and example did much to stimulate others to virtuous diligence. He was at the head and most active of ingenuous young men, who formed associations for pro- moting knowledge and improving one another in literary and moral attainments. In his 24th year, he was elected by his fellow citizens, in 1775, a member of the Provincial Congress, and contin- ued to represent them in the existing Legislature till 1780, and was among the best speakers and most influential mem- bers, and was employed on the most important committees during the revolutionary war. He was also a member of the Convention in 1770, by which the Constitution of Mas- sachusetts was formed, and of the Committee by which it was drawn up. After it was adopted, he was immediately chosen a member of the Senate ; and, except one year, in which he was employed by the State on a public mission, continued a Senator till 1801. Fifteen of these years he LIST OF GRADUATES. 145 was, with great unanimity, elected President of the Senate. In 1801, he was elected Lieut. Governor of the State, and continued in that office until his death. In 1781, he was appointed Justice of the C. C. P. and held that office till the close of 1797. when declining health induced his resig- nation. The duties of these offices he discharged with honor to himself and usefulness to the public. Asa legislator, he was punctual and diligent, and presided with dignity, and contributed to the despatch of business. He was the projector of the Academy in Andover, foun- ded by his father and uncle, and also of the Academy in Exeter, founded by his uncle alone. The efforts and sa- crifices, by which he contributed to the endowment, super- intendence and prosperity of these Institutions, justly rank him among the greatest benefactors of mankind. Though he made no bequests directly to these seminaries, yet the property devoted to this important object, came from estates of which he was the sole heir in one instance, and the prin- cipal one in the other. He directed and bound his heirs and executors to pay $5,000 to the Trustees of Phillips Academy ; five sixths of the income of $1,000 to be applied for the better qualifying of females to teach the district schools in Andover, and ex- tending the term of their instruction. Five sixths of the income of $1,000 for the purchase and distribution of pi- ous books among the inhabitants of Andover. Five sixths of the remaining $3,000 for the purchase and distribution of Bibles and pious books among the inhabitants of new towns and other places, where the means of religious knowledge is sparingly enjoyed. His conspicuous talents, virtues and services not only placed him high in the public estimation and confidence, but procured him honorable testimonies from the most en* 13 146 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. lightened and respectable bodies. He was honored with a place among the original members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, incorporated in 1780, and also with a degree of LL. D. in 1793 by his Alma Mater, whose interests he assiduously promoted, and thus render- ed to the cause of literature important services. He was endued with a clear apprehension, a sound judgment, a spirit ardent and enterprising, yet patient, de- liberate and persevering ; a mind formed for great projects, yet sagacious, delicate and cautious in selecting the objects and in the choice and application of the means. Of a cha- racter eminently practical ; knowledge merely speculative presented few allurements to his eye; action he consider- ed the end of thinking. He thought, therefore, and read, not merely that he might know more, but that he might become better ; not that he might display his knowledge to his fellow men, but that he might do them good. A species of ethical cast marked his conversation and life, and dis- tinguished him from most men. Always of a slender con- stitution, and often laboring under serious infirmities, he was still active in every duty ; and in circumstances which would have discouraged most others from exertion, was vigorously employed in performing it. He was distinguished for virtuous industry and resolu- tion, for great economy and simplicity. He was conscien- tiously opposed to luxury and splendor, and wished to en- courage the manners suited to a young republican commu- nity. Those intervals of life, not demanded by public concerns, were spent chiefly at his seat near the Academy in his na- tive town, in a variety of business ; and peculiarly, in the performance of those duties, which adorn the religion of the gospel, of which he was a professor from his youth. He was ever ready to afford his influence and exertions in pro- moting the great objects of the christian ministry, and was LIST OP GRADUATES. 147 an example of constant and devout attendance on public worship and the duties of the sabbath, and of religious in- struction and devotion in his family. His person was tall and slender, and his manners were a happy combination of simplicity with refinement, of modesty with dignity. His countenance was grave, mild and commanding ; his features were in the sedateness of thought, and gentle with the amenity of virtue. He married in 1773, Miss Phebe, youngest daughter of Hon. Francis and Mehitabel Foxcroft of Cambridge ; a la- dy, formed by the dignity of her person, and the virtues of her mind, to move in the higher walks of life, and destined by Providence for extensive usefulness. Possessing a quick apprehension, nice discernment, delicate taste, and an ar- dent thirst for knowledge, by reading and writing, her fa- vorite amusements, her mind was highly cultivated. Such was the brilliancy of her imagination, the pleasantry of her wit, and the felicity of her expression, that she was the or- nament and delight of the sentimental circle. She was distinguished for her sensibility, delicacy, humility, hospital- ity, and kindness to the poor, and for her piety, and the regular attention to the duties of the family an . . JONA. COBWIN, ] -4»»"«". The examination and confession (September 8, 1692) of Mary Os- good, wife of Capt. Osgood, of Andover, taken before John Bawtborne and other Majesties' Justices. She confesses, that about eleven years ago, when she was in a melancholy state and condition, she used to walk abroad in her orchard ; and upon a certain time she saw the ap- pearance of a cat, at the end of the house, which yet she thought was a real cat. However, at that time, it diverted her from praying to God, and instead thereof she prayed to the devil ; about which time she made a covenant with the devil, who as a black man, came to her and presented her a book, upon which she laid her ringer, and that left a red spot : and that upon her signing, the devil told her he was her god, and that she should serve and worship him ; and she believes she consented to it. She says further, that about two years agone, she was carried through the air, in company with deacon Frye's wife, Ebenezer Barker's wife, WITCHCRAFT. 161 and Goody Tyler, to five-mile pond, where she was bap- tized by the devil, who dipt her face in the water, and made her renounce her former baptism, and told her she must be his, soul and body, forever, and that she must serve him, which she promised to do. She says, the renouncing her first baptism was after her dipping, and that she was trans- ported back again through the air, in company with the forenamed persons, in the same manner as she went, and believes they were carried upon a pole. Q. How many persons were upon the pole ? i. As I have said before, viz. four persons and no more, but whom she had named above. She confesses she has afflicted three persons, John Sawdy, Martha Sprague, and Rose Foster, and that she did it by pinching her bed clothes, and giving consent the devil should do it in her shape, and that the devil could not do it without her consent. She confesses the afflicting persons in the court, by the glance of her eye. She says, as she was coming down to Salem to be examined, she and the rest of the company with her stopped at Mr. Phillips' to refresh themselves, and the afflicted persons, being be- hind them upon the road, came up just as she was mount- ing again, and were then afflicted, and cried out upon her, so that she was forced to stay until they were all past, and said she only looked that way towards them. Q. Do you know the devil can take the shape of an, innocent person and afflict ? A. I believe he cannot. Q. Who taught you this way of witchcraft 1 A. Satan ; and that he prom- ised her abundance of satisfaction and quietness, in her future state, but never performed any thing ; and that she has lived more miserably and more discontented since, than ever before. She confesses further, that she herself, in company with Goody Parker, Goody Tyler and Goody Dean, had a meeting at Moses Tyler's house, last Monday night, to afflict, and that she and Goody Dean carried the 14* 162 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. shape of Mr. Dean, the minister, between them, to make persons believe that Mr. Dean afflicted. Q. What hindered you from accomplishing what you intend- ed 1 A. The Lord would not suffer it so to be ; that the devil should afflict in an innocent person's shape. Q. Have you been at any other witch meetings 1 A.I know nothing thereof, as I shall answer in the pres- ence of God and his people ; but said, that the black man stood before her, and told her, that what she. had confessed was a lie ; notwithstanding, she said that what she had confessed was true, and thereto put her hand. Her husband being present was asked, if he judged his wife to be any way discomposed. He answered, that hav- ing lived with her so long, he doth not judge her to be any ways discomposed, but has cause to believe what she has said is true. When Mistress Osgood was first called, she afflicted Martha Sprague and Rose Foster by the glance of her eyes, and recovered them out of their fits by the touch of her hand. Mary Lacey and Betty Johnson and Hannah Post saw Mistress Osgood afflicting Sprague and Foster. The said Hannah Post and Mary Lacey and Betty Johnson, jun. and Rose Foster and Mary Richardson were afflicted by Mistress Osgood, in the time of their examination, and recovered by her touching of their hands. '{'underwritten, being appointed by authority to take this examination, do testify upon oath, taken in court, that this is a true copy of the substance of it, to the best of my knowledge, Jan. 5, 169^-3. The within Mary Osgood was examined before their Majesties' Justices of the peace in Salem. Attest, John Higginson, Just. Pac." The recantation of several persons in Andover will show in what manner they were brought to their confes- sions. WITCHCRAFT. 163 M We whose names are underwritten, inhabitants of Andover ; when as that horrible and tremendous judgment beginning at Salem Village in the year 1692, by some cal- led witchcraft, first breaking forth at Mr. Paris's house, several young persons, being seemingly afflicted, did ac- cuse several persons for afflicting them, and many there believing it so to be, we being informed that, if a person was sick, the afflicted person could tell what or who was the cause of that sickness : Joseph Ballard, of Andover, his wife being sick at the same time, he either from him- self or by the advice of others, fetched two of the persons, called the afflicted persons, from Salem Village to Andover, which was the beginning of that dreadful calamity that befel us in Andover, believing the said accusations to be true, sent for the said persons to come over to the meeting house in Andover, the afflicted persons being there. Af- ter Mr. Barnard had been at prayer, we were blindfolded, and our hands were laid upon the afflicted persons, they being in their fits and falling in their fits at our coming in- to their presence, as they said ; and some led us and laid our hands upon them, and then they said they were well, and that we were guilty of afflicting them. Whereupon we were all seized, as prisoners, by a warrant from the justice of the peace, and forthwith carried to Salem. And, by reason of that sudden surprisal, we knowing ourselves altogether innocent of that crime, we were all exceedingly astonished and amazed, and consternated and affrighted even out of our reason ; and our nearest and dearest rela- tions, seeing us in that dreadful condition, and knowing our great danger, apprehended there was no other way of saving our lives, as the case was then circumstanced, but by our confessing ourselves to be such and such persons as the afflicted represented us to be, they, out of tenderness and pity, persuaded us to confess what we did confess. 164 HISTORY OF ANDOVKR. And indeed that confession, that it is said we made, was no other than what was suggested to us by some gentle- men, they telling us that we were witches, and they knew it, and we knew it, which made us think that it was so; and our understandings, our reason, our faculties almost gone, we were not capable of judging of our condition ; as also the hard measures they used with us rendered us incapable of making our defence, but said any thing and every thing which they desired, and most of what we said, was but in effect a consenting to what they said. Some- time after, when we were better composed, they telling us what we had confessed, we did profess that we were inno- cent and ignorant of such things ; and we hearing that Samuel Wardwell had renounced his confession, and quick- ly after condemned and executed, some of us were told we were going after Wardwell. Mary Osgood, Deliv- erance Dane, Sarah Wilson, Mary Tyler, Abigail Barker, Hannah Tyler." The testimonial to these persons' characters by the principal inhabitants of Andover, will outweigh the credu- lity of the justices who committed them, or of the grand jury which found bills against them. "To the honored court of Assize, held at Salem. — The humble address of several of the inhabitants of Andover. " May it please this honored court, — We being ser*si6le of the great sufferings our neighbors have been long under in prison, and charitably judging that many of them are clear of that great transgression which hath been laid to their charge, have thought it our duty to endeavor their vindi- cation so far as our testimony for them will avail. The persons, in whose behalf we are desired and concerned to speak something at present, are Mrs. Mary Osgood, Eu- nice Frye, Deliverance Dane, Sarah Wilson and Abigail Barker, who are women of whom we can truly give this WITCHCRAFT. 165 character and commendation, that they have not only lived among us so inoffensively as not to give the least occasion to any that know them to suspect them of witchcraft, but by their sober, godly and exemplary conversation, have ob- tained a good report in the place, where they have been well esteemed and approved in the church of which they are members. " We were surprised to hear that persons of known in- tegrity and piety were accused of so horrid a crime, not considering, then, that the most innocent were liable to be so misrepresented and abused. When these women were accused by some afflicted persons of the neighborhood, their relations and others, though they had so good grounds of charity that they should not have thought any evil of them, yet through a misrepresentation of the truth of that evidence that was so much credited and improved against people, took great pains to persuade them to own what they were, by the afflicted, charged with ; and indeed did un- reasonably urge them to confess themselves guilty, as some of us who were then present can testify. But these good women did very much assert their innocency ; yet some of them said they were not without fear lest Satan had some way ensnared them, because there was that evidence against them which then was by many thought to be a cer- tain indication and discovery of witchcraft ; yet they serious- ly professed they knew nothing by themselves of that na- ture. Nevertheless, by the unwearied solicitations of those that privately discoursed them, both at home and at Salem, they were at length persuaded publicly to own what they were charged with, and so submit to that guilt which we still hope and believe they are clear of. And, it is prob- able, the fear of what the event might be, and the encour- agement that, it is said, was suggested to them, that confes- sing was the only way to obtain favor, might be too pow- 166 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. erful a temptation to timorous women to withstand, in the hurry and distraction that we have heard they were then in. Had what they said against themselves proceeded from conviction of the fact, we should have had nothing to have said for them ; but we are induced to think that it did not, because they did soon privately retract what they had said, as we are informed ; and while they were in pris- on, they declared to such as they had confidence to speak freely and plainly to, that they were not guilty of what they had owned, and that what they had said against them- selves was the greatest grief and burden they labored un- der. Now, though we cannot but judge it a thing very sinful for innocent persons to own a crime they are not guilty of, yet, considering the well ordered conversation of those women, while they lived among us, and what they now seriously and constantly affirm in a more composed frame, we cannot but in charity judge them innocent of the great transgression that hath been imputed to them. As for the rest of our neighbors, who are under the like circumstances with these that have been named, we can truly say of them, that, while they lived among us, we have had no cause to judge them such persons as, of late, they have been represented and reported to be, nor do we know that any of their neighbors had any just grounds to sus- pect them of that evil that they are now charged with. Dudley Bradstreet. Francis Dane, Sen. Thomas Barnard, and fifty others." The Indictment of Martha Carry er. Essex ss. Anno Regni Regis et Reginae Wilielm et Mariae, nunc Angliae, etc. quarto. The Jurors for our sovereign lord and lady the King and Queen, present, that Martha Carryer, wife of Thomas Carryer of Andover, in the county of Essex, Husbandman, WITCHCRAFT. 167 the thirty first day of May, in the fourth year of the reign of our sovereign lord and lady, William and Mary, by the grace of God, of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, King and Queen, defenders of the faith, &c. And divers other days and times, as well before as after, certain detes- table arts, called witchcrafts, and sorceries, wickedly and feloniously hath used, practised, and exercised, at and with- in the township of Salem, in the County of Essex aforesaid, in, upon, and against one Mary Wolcott of Salem Village, single woman, in the County of Essex aforesaid ; by which said wicked arts the said Mary Wolcott, the thirty first day of May, in the fourth year aforesaid, and at divers other days and times, as well before as after, was, and is tor- tured, afflicted, pined, consumed, wasted and tormented ; against the peace of our sovereign lord and lady, William and Mary, King and Queen of England ; their crown and dignity, and against the form of the statute, in that case made and provided. Witnesses — Mary Wolcott, Elizabeth Hubbard, Ann Putnam. There was also a second indictment for afflicting Eliz- abeth Hubbard by witchcraft. Witnesses — Elizabeth Hubbard, Mary Wolcott, Ann Putnam, Mary Warrin. The trial of Martha Carry er, August 2, 1692, as stated by Dr. Cotton Mather. Martha Carryer was indicted for the bewitching of certain persons according to the form usual in such cases: Plead- ing not guilty to her indictment, there were first brought in a considerable number of the bewitched persons ; who not only made the court sensible of an horrid witchcraft committed upon them, but also deposed, that it was Martha Carryer, or her shape, that grievously tormented them by biting, pricking, pinching and choking them. It was 168 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. further deposed that while this Carryer was on her exam- ination before the magistrates, the poor people were so tor- tured that every one expected their death on the very spot; but that upon the binding of Carryer they were eased. Moreover, the looks of Carryer, then laid the afflicted peo- ple for dead, and her touch, if her eyes were at the same time off them, raised them again. Which things were also now seen upon her trial. And it was testified, that upon the mention of some having their necks twisted almost round by the shape of this Carryer, she replied, IV s no matter, though their necks had been ticisted quite off. 2. Before the trial of this prisoner, several of her own children had frankly and fully confessed, not only that they were witches themselves, but that their mother had made them so. This confession they made with great shows of repentance, and with much demonstration of truth. They related place, time, occasion ; they gave an account of journeys, meetings, and mischiefs by them performed ; and were very credible in what they said. Nevertheless, this evidence was not produced against the prisoner at the bar, in as much as there was other evidence, enough to proceed upon. 3. Benjamin Abbot gave in his testimony, that last March was a twelve month, this Carryer was very angry with him, upon laying out some land near her husband's. Her expressions in this anger were, that she would stick as close to Abbot, as the bark stuck to the tree; and that he should repent of it before seven years came to an end, so as Dr. Prescot should never cure him. These words were heard by others besides Abbot himself, who also heard her say, she would hold his nose as close to the grind-stone as ever it was held since his name was Abbot. Presently after this he was taken with a swelling in his foot, and then with a pain in his side, and exceedingly tormented. It WITCHCRAFT. 169 bred a sore, which was lanced by Dr. Prescot, and several gallons of corruption ran out of it. For six weeks it con- tinued very bad ; and then another sore bred in his groin, which was also Janced by Dr. Prescot. Another sore bred in his groin which was likewise cut, and put him to very great misery. He was brought to death's door, and so remained until Carryer was taken, and carried away by the constable. From which very day he began to mend, and so grew better every day, and is well ever since. Sarah Abbot, his wife, also testified that her husband was not only all this while afflicted in his body ; but also th it strange, extraordinary and unaccountable calamities hefel his cattle ; their death being such as they could guess no natural reason for. 4. Allin Toothaker testified that Richard, the son of Martha Carryer, having some difference with him, pulled him down by the hair of the head ; when he rose again, he was going to strike at Richard Carryer, but fell down flat on his back to the ground, and had not power to stir hand or foot, until he told Carryer he yielded ; and then he saw the shape of Martha Carryer go off his breast. This Toothaker had received a wound in the wars, and he now testified, that Martha Carryer told him, he should never be cured. Just before the apprehending of Carryer, he could thrust a knitting needle into his wound four inches deep, but presently after her being seized, he was thorough- ly healed. He further testified that when Carryer and he sometimes were at variance, she would clap her hands at him, and say, he should get nothing by it. Whereupon he several times lost his cattle by strange deaths whereof no natural causes could be given. 5. John Roger also testified that upon the threatening 15 170 HISTORY ANDOVER. words of this malicious Carryer his cattle would be strange- ly bewitched ; as was more particularly then described. 6. Samuel Preston testified that about two years ago, having some difference with Martha Carryer, he lost a cow in a strange, preternatural, unusual manner ; and about a month after this, the said Carryer, having again some dif- ference with him, she told him he had lately lost a cow, and it should not be long before he lost another ! which accordingly came to pass ; for he had a thriving and well kept cow, which, without any known cause, quickly fell down and died. 7. Phebe Chandler testified that about a fortnight before the apprehension of Martha Carryer, on a Lord's day, while the psalm was singing in the church, this Carryer then took her by the shoulder, and shaking her, asked her where she lived ? She made her no answer, although as Carryer, who lived next door to her father's house, could not in rea- son but know who she was. Quickly after this, as she was at several times crossing the fields, she heard a voice that she took to be Martha Carryer's, and it seemed as if it were over her head. The voice told her, she should within two or three days be poisoned. Accordingly within such a little time, one half of her right hand became greatly swollen and very painful ; as also part of her face ; whereof she can give no account how it came. It continued very bad for some days ; and several times since she has had a great pain in her breast ; and been so seized on her legs that she has hardly been able to go. She added , that lately go- ing well to the house of God, Richard, the son of Martha Carryer, looked very earnestly upon her, and immediately her hand which had formerly been poisoned, as is above said, began to pain her greatly, and she had a strange burning at her stomach; bu was then struck deaf, so that she could not hear any of the prayer, or singing, till the two or three last words of the psalm. WITCHCRAFT. 171 8. One Foster, who confessed her own share in the witchcraft, for which the prisoner stood indicted, affirmed, that she had seen the prisoner at some of their witch-meet- ings, and that it was this Carryer, who persuaded her to be a witch. She confessed that the devil carried them on a pole to a witch-meeting, but the pole broke, and she hang- ing about Carryer's neck, they both fell down, and she then received an hurt by the fall, whereof she was not at this very time recovered. 9. One Lacy, who likewise confessed her share in this witchcraft, now testified that she and the prisoner, were once bodily present, at a witch-meeting in Salem Village, and that she knew the prisoner to be a witch, and to have been at a diabolical sacrament, and that the prisoner was the undoing of her and her children, by enticing them into the snare of the devil. 10. Another Lacy, who also confessed her share in this witchcraft, now testified that the prisoner was at the witch- meeting in Salem Village, where they had bread and wine administered to them. 11. In the time of this prisoner's trial, one Susanna Shelden, in open court, had her hands unaccountably tied together with a wheel-band so fast, that without cutting, it could not be loosened. It was done by a spectre ; and the sufferer affirmed it was the prisoner's. During this delusion nineteen persons were hung, and one pressed to death. Three belonged to Andover, Mar- tha Carryer, Samuel Wardwell and Mary Parker. Five others, Ann Foster, Abigail Faulkner, Mary Lacey, Sarah Wardwell and Elizabeth Johnson were convicted ; but were not executed ; probably their confessions saved their lives. As most of those who confessed were pardoned or not con- demned ; while those, who protested their innocence and maintained their integrity were executed. At the court in 172 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. Jan. 1693, bills of indictment were found against eighteen persons belonging to Andover. All but two were dischar- ged on paying fees. These persons were confined in prison for four months or more, in a cold season of the year, crowded together, and their comfort not much regarded. I find petitions on file to the General Court in October and in December, from some of the most respectable inhabitants of Andover in be- half of their wives greatly suffering with cold and other hardships in prison. These sufferings must have been tri- fling compared with what they endured under apprehension of trial and execution. The foregoing extracts are a small part only of what might be produced; but they show very fully and clearly the shocking delusion and extreme consternation and dis- tress of the people. The frenzy seized old and young, the ignorant and the learned. We cannot but be astonished at the credulity and imposition relating to witchcraft, the rea- diness to admit as evidence, what would now be consider- ed ridiculous. Goodness of character could not avail against the imaginations and caprice of the weak and delu- ded. But we ought not to conclude, that that generation was void of common sense, or more wicked than any pre- ceding or succeeding. There seem founded deep in human nature passions, which often prevail over the understanding, an enthusiasm, a frenzy which hears not the voice of rea- son. This credulity, this fanaticism, this delusion, is per- haps allied more often to subjects which have a relation to religion, than other subjects ; as those relate to the invisi- ble world, and may more easily awake a wild imagination. We may trace similar wildness in other religious subjects in which reason is as much obscured and bewildered as in the witchcraft delusion. The pretensions, the imagina- tions, the dreams of some, are as baseless as the signs and WITCHCRAFT. 173 the spectre-discerning power of detecting a witch. The power of sympathy, the charm of solemn tones, the gloomy shadows of a half enlightened room may raise the imagina- tion above reason ; may bewilder an enlightened under- standing. This delusion is not confined to religious sub- jects. Have not many been seen in a frenzy on politics, assembled and full of tumult, like the Ephesians, crying out, great is their cause ? but they know not why, or where- fore ; they will drag this man to death, and that they will raise on their shoulders, but know not why they kill the one, and extol the other. It is the same spirit that pervades the quack in all professions, and by which his deceptions are so successful. Most people love to hear and to believe what is marvel- lous, obscure, and wonderful. They believe, because the thing is impossible. The imaginings of others they receive for sound realities. The excessive credulity and frenzy, which raged in 1692, convinced people of the great delusion which had, for a long time, prevailed in England, and in this country from its settlement, and by which many had suffered. Pub- lic opinion has been corrected, and the comfort and lives of many have been preserved. Opinions and practices are of- ten soonest corrected and reformed by the conviction and suffering resulting from their excess. Divine Providence often instructs mankind by the experience of the evils which naturally result from ill grounded opinions and unreasona- ble practices. And these when carried to great excess make the impression deeper, and the sooner effect their own reformation. 15* CHAP. VIII. MISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES. Revolutionary War. The inhabitants of Andover were united, resolute and zealous in support of the rights of the country, and willing to make the utmost sacrifices in defence of its liberty. In Dec. 1774, it was resolved that one quarter part of all the training soldiers of the town should enlist themselves ; and for encouragement, they were promised pay for every half day they shall be exercised in the art military. Two com- panies were accordingly raised in February following, under the command of Capt. Benjamin Farnum and Capt. Ben- jamin Ames, which, with others, were regimented under Col. James Frye, and were called minute men. On the 19th of April 1775, the alarm drew these companies into the field, and they were stationed at Cambridge. They were detached to take possession of the heights of Charles- town, on the l(>th of June, and were in the battle of the next day. There were 58 belonging to Capt. Ames's company, more than 50 of whom, belonging to the S. Parish, were in the battle of Bunker Hill. Three were killed and seven wounded. Two in another company under command of Capt. Furbush were killed. Capt. Farnum was wounded, and some in his company. " The day following the battle, the Lord's day, our houses of public worship were generally shut up. It was the case here, \yhen the news of the battle reached us, the anxiety and distress of wives and children, of parents, of brothers, sisters and friends, was great. It was not known who were among the slain or the living, the wound- ed or the well. It was thought justifiable for us, who could, to repair to the camp, to know the circumstances, to join REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 175 in the defence of the country, and prevent the enemy from pushing the advantages they had gained ; and to afford comfort and relief to our suffering brethren and friends."* In 1777, there were four militia companies in the town, which, with the alarm list, consisted of 670 men ; un- der command of Capt Samuel Johnson, 187 — Capt. Na- thaniel Lovejoy, 161 — Capt. John Abbot, 158 — and Capt. Joshua Holt, 164. Number of men employed, time of service and expenses of the third Company in An- dover. during the revolutionary war, under command of Capt. Nathaniel Love- joy. [See Capt. Lovejoy's MS.] Men. Places. 26 At Cambridge Service. 8 months Date. 1775 April 19, L. hired at 8 s. d. = L. s. d. 208 14 At Roxbury 2 — Dec. 1, — 2 28 14 2 At Prospect Hill At Canada a 12 — 1776 Feb. 1, — 2 20 28 40 9 At New York 19 — — 16 144 20 At Ticonderoga 5 — — 13 6 8 266 J3 4 4 At Dorchester 4 — — 3 12 10 At Fairfield 8 — — 8 80 20 At New York 3 — — 10 100 5 At Providence 2 — 1777 — 4 20 20 2 Continental Army Do. 3 3 years — 30 105 600 210 1 Do. 3 — — 66 66 13 At Northward 3 1-2 mon ths — 15 195 19 Do. 1 — — 6 114 4 At Cambridge 5 — _ 6 24 4 Do. 3 — 1778 — 6 24 5 3 Continental Army North River 1 8 z 1778 June 1, June 1, — * 107 10 = 75 $1791 67 450 00 2 3 8 2 Cambridge Rhode Island Do. Boston 5 — 6 — 1 1-2 mor 3 1-2 mor July 1, July 1, iths Aug. iths Sept. 14 ~ 25 33 11 28 6 6 6 166 67 3a? oo 302 00 186 67 3 1- -2 Continental Army 9 — 1779 June 28, — 405 4725 00 1 1- 1 2 -2 Rhode Island Boston Boston 6 — July 1, 3 1-2 months July 1, 1 1-2 months Oct.. 1, - 132 60 18 660 00 200 00 120 00 6 Clavarack 11 -2 months Oct. 18, — 96 19°0 00 8 2 10 Continental Army Do. Clavarack 6 — 1780 June 19, hired in specie $150 00 6 — Oct. 10, 62 50 3 1-6 months July 10, 79 J6 1200 00 li'5 00 791 60 9 1- 1 -3 Continental Army Rhode Island 3 years 5 months Dec. 20, 1781 Aug. 16, 30!) 00 85 00 2850 00 85 00 7 West Point 3 — Aug. 23, 75 00 525 00 i ; Mr . F'a MS. 176 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. The service rendered by Capt. Lovejoy's company amounted to 21*27 months, or 175 years and 7 months, and that of the four companies in Andover, 737 years, equal to 98 men in constant service during seven years and an half, while the war continued. This does not in- clude the officers. The money expended in pay to the sol- diers amounted to $10,671 in specie, and $14,960 in pa- per somewhat depreciated. Besides the extraordinary bounty and wages paid by the town, the soldiers at different times, were provided with blankets, shirts, stockings, shoes, &c ; and their fam- ilies also supplied with necessary provisions, at no incon- siderable expense. Besides the diminution of laborers by the public ser- vice, the people were frequently interrupted in their com- mon business, by raising men, attending town meetings, and other necessary avocations. It may seem strange, when so much active labor was subtracted, and increased expense and sacrifice incurred, that people should be able to maintain their families, and sustain their burdens. It was done by retrenchments in living and clothing, by great in lustry and rigid economy. What cannot a people unit- ed and resolved do, and what burdens and hardships will they not endure when bent on their purpose ! — Several persons were employed in the service at sea. Officers in actu/il service in the war. Col. James Frye, Captains Benjamin Ames, Benjamin Farnum, Samuel John- son, Charles Furbush, John Abbot, Stephen Abbot. Twenty belonging to the S. Parish died in the revolu- tionary war. In six months from Nov. 9, 1745, seventeen men be- longing to Andover died at Louisburgh. In the war of 1755, seven men died in the expedition to Lake George. — In 1758, seven men died in the war at PAUPERISM. 177 the Westward. — In 1760, two died. Probably the whole number lost in that war has not been ascertained. Pauperism. The early settlers of towns were generally industrious, tem- perate and healthy. Few moved into a new settlement un- able to labor. Sometimes the heads of families were some- what advanced in life; but in this case, the other members of the family were vigorous and active. There was also an enterprising, resolute spirit, a strong determination to meet hardships and privations, which bore them on and issued in success. We therefore find none of the first settlers, or their immediate descendants, obliged to cast themselves up- on the town for maintenance. The unfortunate doubtless received assistance from their friends and neighbors. They were careful to contract no debts, and to live within their in- come. They indulged in no luxuries, or unnecessary ex- penses of living or dress. The first mention of poor in the town records, is, in J 694, when the selectmen were chosen overseers of the poor ; but it does not appear that the town assisted any nee- dy person for many year3 after this. The first charge upon the town for any poor person is in 1711), when the expense was forty shillings. This was about eighty years from the settlement of the town. And this expense was for an aged infirm widow. There were probably charitable benefac- tions of individuals to some, who, from sickness and other providential dispensations, had need of aid and relief. In 1723, the selectmen were authorized to draw money from the town treasury for the relief of the poor ; and in the year following, were chosen overseers of the poor. In the following statement, I have reduced the sums ex- pended for the support of the poor to dollars and cents, 178 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. reckoning an ounce of silver worth 6s. Sd.. and a dollar 6 shillings lawful money. The average annual expense for the poor from 1719 to 1745, was $6,42; from 1745 to 1755, $33,73; from 1755 to 1765 ? $102, 14. This pe- riod included the last French war, which probably increas- ed the expense. From this time for a number of years, it is difficult to separate the expense of the poor from the other town char- ges. The expense however continued to increase. The revolutionary war, by diminishing the number of laborers, corrupting the morals, and inducing intemperance, would naturally produce poverty, and increase the number of pau- pers. In 1784, it was voted, that the town will enable the overseers of the poor to provide a work house for the recep- tion of the poor of the said town, and for idle, loitering per- sons, who waste and mispend their time. No house, how- ever, was provided for many years after this. Orders drawn by the overseers for the support of the poor for 1798, amounted to $749, 06 ;— for 1799, $881, 43; —for 1800, $952, 65 ;— for 1801, $1107, 50 ;— for 1802, $1137, 98 ;— for 1803, $1333, 99. For several years, the selectmen were overseers, and in drawing orders for town charges, did not always distin- guish those drawn for the support of the poor from others, which renders it difficult now to ascertain the expenses of the poor. In 1807, a farm of 90 acres, with buildings, was pur- chased for $2,409 for the accommodation of the poor. The buildings are not sufficient for all the poor J so that a large portion of the expense for maintaining the poor has arisen out of the house. The amount of orders drawn for the support of the poor for 1816, was $3355, 79 ; for 1817, $3054, 37 for 1818, PAUPERISM. 179 $2550,44; for 1819, $2601,90; for 1820, $2721,53; for 182J, $2455, 95; for 1822, $2673,92; for 1823, $1816,93; for 1824, $1744, 80; for 1825, no expense at the house ; out of the house, $621, 93 ; for 1826 ; $449,65, for 1827, $349,68: for 1828, $469, 94. The rents of the farm and brick yard are not included in these orders. It is probable, however, that the allowance for State paupers was equal to these rents. Since the purchase of the farm and peat meadow, and the management of it with some system, and improving the brick-yard, the expenses for the support of the poor have been diminished. Those who are able to labor are con- stantly employed, and no time is consumed in seeking for articles of living. They are also more comfortably provided for, than when they were boarded out, or furnished partly in some col d dwelling, and much of what they could earn was appropriated to cherish intemperate habits. The provision at the alms house prevents begging and idleness ; and the benevolent are not so often imposed on by unnecessary importunity for alms. Those who would willingly procure their maintenance without labor and from house to house, feel exposed, and dread being sent to the house of industry. Towns which have provided a farm for the support of the poor, have reduced their expenses, and have improved the state of society and the condition of the poor. The number of paupers has been diminished, as well as the expense. Towns would probably exonerate themselves from the burden under which they have groaned, if they would be more faithful to their own interests and of the individuals concerned, by extending a more early care of those who are wasting their time and estates by idleness and intemperate indulgence. Some would thus be saved from disgrace, from becoming a burden to the community, and reducing their 180 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. families to want. Others might be deterred from habits of idleness and intemperance, which lead to poverty. The chief cause of pauperism is intemperance. This is conceded in all the towns in which examination has been made. What proportion of the expense for the poor in An- dover, arises from this source, has not been ascertained. But the statement would undoubtedly be within bounds, if three fourths of the expense were attributed to this cause. This is no small tax for the abuse of ardent spirit. But this is a small part of the money unnecessarily thus expen- ded. For this is spent only for the consequences of it on a few ; while the estates of many are not wholly consumed, who pay an annual sum twenty fold greater than their poor tax. The too free use of ardent spirit has a most injurious effect on the morals, health, prosperity and happiness of the community. The increase of this evil may be owing in some degree to the wars in which thTs country has been en- gaged within seventy years. In the revolutionary and oth- er wars, allowance of spirit produced a habit, which was continued after the war. And in the late war, more were destroyed by whiskey, than by the sword. This sore and distressing evil has, in a few years past* been diminished, and the public morals are improving ; and it is hoped, that, by the perseverance of the friends of hu- manity, the community will be restored to a healthy state. Number of ratable Polls. Years, JVo. Years. JW>. 1679 88 1715 211 1680 92 1717 222 1682 94 1720 252 1684 109 1725 270 1686 116 1730 261 1690 134 1735 332 1695 141 1740 358 1700 145 1745 373 1705 187 1750 398 1710 204 1760 442 POPULATION — EMIGRATION HEALTH. 181 Town charges, including schooling. Currency redu- ced to dollars and cents, at the rate of 65. 8d. an ounce of silver. Average from 1721 to 1730, $92,42 ;— 1730 to 1740, $99 ._ 1740 to 1750, $127 ;— 1750 to 1760, $303 ;— 1760 to 1770, $410 ; 1770 to 1773, $439. The population of Andover at different periods accord- ing to the census, is as follows. 1790, the number f in- habitants was 2863; 1800 ; 1810, 3164; 1820, 3889. Emigration, Andover has contributed largely toward settling and peopling many towns. Some of its inhabitants settled in Hampton, Pomfret, Tolland, Windsor, Con. Some settled in Lexington, Bedford, Billerica, Brookfield, Chelmsford, Dracut, Bradford, and other places in Mass. Concord, Pembroke, Amherst, Hollis, Wilton, Greenfield, Conway, &c. in N. H., received a number of early settlers from Andover. Some made early settlements in Fryeburgh, Brownfield, Bluehill, Andover, Bethel, Bridgeton, Nor- way, Albany, and in many other towns in Maine. Some families from Andover may be found in various towns of New England, and of the United States. While land remains cheap and unsettled, the old towns will not rapidly increase in population, nor will land be subdm d and be brought to a high state of culture. Emigration checks enterprise and improvement at home. The young, healthy, robust, seek new settlements, while the aged, less healthy and feeble are left, and an undue proportion of poor is the consequence. Not less than sixty males from Andover, who were, or be- came heads of families, have settled in Wilton. Some of these removed to other places, and many of their posterity have gone to people other towns. Health. The town is remarkably healthy; very few- seasons have been sickly since its settlement. Invalids from abroad have often resided in this place for the im- provement of their health, with success. 16 182 HISTORY OF ANDOVRR. 1690. The Small-pox broke out late in the season, and in about eight weeks nine persons died with the disease In the beginning of the year 1722, seven persons died of the same disorder. 1735. The first appearance of the Throat Distemper was at Kingston, N. H., in May. This is the most alarm- ing and fatal disease which has afflicted N. England. The mortality in many towns was great and distressing. 1736. There were thirty five deaths in Andover, chiefly of the throat distemper. 1737. Deaths were thirty one; and in 1738, one hun- dred and twenty three deaths. Most of these were child- ren and young people. Capt. James Stevens, his wife and three children died within a month. Nine families lost three children from each in a few days. Four families lost from each four children in ten or fourteen days. John Wilson lost eight children in seven days. — In 1739, four- teen children died from four families in a few days. Oct. 26, Ebenezer Lovejoy lost three children in one day, and in five days after another child. Benjamin Blanchard lost four children in four days ; and Joshua Stevens lost three in four days. The disease raged most, from August into December. 1763, There were fifty three deaths. The throat distem- per was very mortal in some families. The disease has ap- peared several times since, but in a milder form, and more under the control of medicine. 1775. About two hundred persons in the S. Parish had the dysentery, of whom fifty six died. This disease pre- vailed and was mortal in many towns in N. England, and in the army. For about fifty years past, Consumption has been the most prevalent and mortal disease, especially among young persons and those in the meridian of .life; and more prev- Marriages — funerals. 183 alent among females from fifteen to thirty five, than among males. Marriages. The solemnization of marriages from the arrival of the first settlers to 16S6, the expiration of the first charter, was performed by a magistrate, or by persons specially appointed for that purpose. If a clergyman hap- pened to be present, he was asked to pray. — J 687, April, the first marriage by Rev. Mr. Dane, William Chandler and Eleanor Phelps. —1687, May, Stephen Barker and Mary Abbot, the first marriage by Rev. Thomas Barnard. The bridegroom, immediately after the marriage cov- enant, was directed to kiss the bride ; after which she was saluted by the male attendants, when the female attend- ants approaching and wishing them happiness, were saluted by the bridegroom. — 1779, this practice was discontinued by Mr. French, at the marriage of a respectable couple. After wedding, was supper, tea, or cake and wine, and oth- er drink ; and in the evening, dancing and other amuse- ments. Sometimes the bride and bridegroom were imme- diately accompanied to the house of the bridegroom, and the evening spent in amusements. Funerals. At funerals, not only relations, but all in the neighborhood attended, and the assembly sometimes was nearly as large as on the Sabbath. In the early settlement of the country, it was not customary to have prayers at funerals, as it had the appearance of praying for the dead. When the practice was begun at Andover, cannot now be ascertained. — 1730. " Before carrying out the corpse" of Mrs. Sarah Byefield, " a funeral prayer was made by one of the pastors of the Old Church, which, though a custom in the country towns, is a singular instance in this place, (Boston) but it is wished may prove a leading example to the general practice of so christian and decent a custom."* * Weekly News-Letter, No. 1405* 184 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. It has not been customary in Andover to preach a ser- mon at funerals. After prayer, the corpse, having been viewed by the mourners and others, and a procession having been form- ed, was carried to the grave by men voluntarily, often at the distance of several miles. The relations and bearers with some of the neighbors returned from the grave, to the house of mourning, and partook of supper. It was custom- ary to give strong drink. Mr. Phillips, 1720, in a sermon, disapproves of the practice as unsuitable to the occasion, and observes that respectable people in Boston had agreed lo offer no strong drink at funerals. For mourning, the men put crape around the hat, and sometimes wore black clothes, or black buttons, and buckles, and gloves. The women dressed in black gowns, and wore scarfs, black bonnets, veils and gloves. In the revolutionary war the men wore black crape round the arm ; and the women a black ribbon on the bonnet. It was customary to give gloves and rings at funerals. White gloves were given to the bearers ; they were laid upon the coffin, and were taken by the bearers, when they took up the coffin. Pur- ple gloves were given instead of white, before the practice was laid aside ; which was discontinued in the revolution- ary war. Funeral charges of Samuel Blanchard, April, 1707. Six gallons of wine 20 prs. gloves Rum, sugar, allspice Half barrel of cider Mourning scarfs Coffin 7s, digging gravelOs £0 155. Od. 1 10 9 3 5 1 17 )s 17 BIRTHS AND DEATHS — LONOBYITY. 185 Table of Births and Deaths from 1652 to 1700, taken from the Town Record. BIRTHS. DEATHS. BIRTHS. DE ATI! i?. Year. 1 Male. Fein. No. Male. Fein, , No. Year. Male.Fem. \o. Ma.l •'(nil. No. 1652 5 6 11 1 1 1677 17 13 30 4 1 5 1(55:5 3 I 4 1 1 1678 9 17 26 1 3 1 1654 8 3 11 1679 8 11 19 2 3 5 1655 5 1 6 1 1 1680 7 13 20 2 1 3 1656 6 2 8 1681 20 10 30 2 1 3 1657 3 2 5 1682 19 10 29 3 2 5 1658 2 3 5 1683 18 12 30 4 3 7 1659 5 6 U 1 1 1684 16 14 30 2 1 3 1660 4 4 1685 17 9 26 6 6 1661 3 4 7 1686 18 11 29 3 1 1 1662 5 7 12 2 1 3 1687 24 19 43 5 4 9 166:5 9 3 12 1688 22 20 42 7 i€ 1664 5 3 8 16W9 17 8 25 12 6 !H 1665 3 2 5 2 2 1690 17 15 32 14 4 18 1666 6 2 8 1691 17 14 31 3 3 1667 8 5 13 4 4 8 1692 17 16 33 3 5 H 1668 4 7 11 1 2 3 1693 23 19 42 5 3 6 1669 2 2 4 1 I 2 1694 13 15 28 2 6 8 1670 6 4 10 3 3 1695 16 16 32 2 2 4 1671 8 8 16 1 1 1696 21 9 30 5 2 7 1672 10 4 14 1 2 3 1697 11 9 23 1 1 o 1673 5 7 12 1 I 2 1698 19 19 38 6 3 9 1674 14 7 21 3 3 6 1699 16 16 32 2 1 3 1675 7 3 10 3 3 1700 18 12 30 4 o 6 1676 6 3 9 1 t 2 Longevity. 1685, May 18, died Andrew Foster, aged 106 years. Jan. 1708. Thomas Marshall, aged near 100 years. May 1708. Joanna Marshall, aged about 100 years. May 16, 1735. Thomas Carrier, aged 109 years. He was from Wales, first settled in Billerica about 1663, mar- ried Martha Allen ; moved to Andover about 1672, spent the last 20 years of his life in Colchester, Con. His head was not bald, nor his hair gray. Not many days before 16* 186 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. his death, he walked six miles ; and the day before his death he was visiting his neighbors. May 24, 1791, Priscilla Abbot, aged 99 years, 10 months and 6 days ; grand-daughter of George Abbot, sen. She was never married, was industrious, content- ed, and often nursed the sick. Dec. 1, 1805, Hannah Lovejoy, relict of Hezekiah, aged almost 102 years, having had 33(5 descendants. Af- ter the death of her husband, she lived with her relations at Amherst, N. H. Feb. 1823, Reuben Abbot, aged 99 years and 10 months. He moved with his father to Concord, N. H. when about 14 years old. 1824. Wid. Mary Chadwick, in her 100th year. Feb. 1826, Pompey Lovejoy, aged 102 years; was born in Boston, and brought to Andover when nine years old. Rose, his wife, died in Dec. following, aged 98. Number of persons who died in Andover between the 95th and 99th year of their age ; Males, 6 ; Females, 7 ; be- tween 90th and 95th, Males, 12 ; Females, 29 ; between 85th and 90th, Males, 30; Females, 31 ; between 80th and 85th, Males, 64 ; Female?, 29. It is probable that a considerable number in the above list is omitted, not being fouaid in the Town Records. ..— i^m^iinm^nmwrf I William Masters, who died June 29^at Maid- | tone, was bom at Andover, Mass., in 1772, and ( ived, therefore, to be 111 years old. He was a] J>/ tf y\r&*yA*T oldier in 1812, and was never sick till he died. A^* ^> O^K.% V BILL OF MORTALITY — SEASONS. 187 BUI of Mortality in the S. Parish for 30 years. Year, under 1, to 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, unkn. No. 1774 2 2 1 4 1 1 1 1 2 1 I 4 21 1775 7 16 3 2 4 4 3 2 4 4 2 1 8 60 1776 4 5 2 2 3 4 3 3 4 1 2 3 36 1777 2 2 3 1 1 7 16 1778 4 10 8 2 2 2 1 3 5 2 1 10 45 1779 1 2 1 1 3 3 1 1 13 1780 5 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 4 18 1781 8 2 3 2 1 1 1 18 1782 3 1 2 2 1 3 2 1 1 16 1783 4 2 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 14 1784 7 2 1 1 1 4 2 3 2 23 1785 2 3 2 1 2 1 11 1786 3 3 2 1 1 2 1 13 17S7 1 I 2 2 3 2 11 1788 5 2 2 1 1 3 2 3 1 20 1789 4 2 1 1 1 I 10 1790 3 2 2 3 1 1 2 14 1791 5 2 1 3 2 1 1 2 1 18 1792 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 11 1793 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 13 1794 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 10 1795 3 1 1 1 1 4 2 1 1 15 1796 3 8 8 4 6 1 2 I 1 2 36 1797 1 1 2 2 1 1 3 1 2 14 1798 1 3 1 5 1 3 2 3 19 1799 2 2 3 3 1 1 1 3 2 18 1800 4 3 2 1 1 3 2 1 3 2 4 26 1801 2 1 3 1 I 1 1 2 2 5 2 2 23 1802 5 3 I 2 1 4 1 1 2 5 1 26 1803 5 5 1 1 2 2 4 2 1 23 Total 102 82 28 19 28 58 28 38 35 48 52 45 13 35 611 The number of deaths in the S. Parish from 1710 to 1810, 100 years, is 1666, according to the register of Rev. S. Phillips and Rev. J. French. Seasons, Dark Days, Earthquakes. Seasons. 1641-2. A very cold winter ; Boston harbor 188 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. was so deeply frozen over, as to be passable for horses, carts and oxen, for six weeks. 1690-7. The winter colder than had been known since the arrival in N. England. During the greater part of it, sleighs and loaded sleds passed on the ice from Boston to Nantasket. Also great scarcity of food ; grain never dearer. [Holmes's Annals.'] Feb. 1717, about the 18, 19, 20. The greatest snow storm ever known ; snow about 4 feet deep, very close and hard. [BlanchanVs MS.] Sept. 16, 1727, in the night ; a great rain, and an hor- rible tempest, whereby much hurt was done. [Rev. S. Phillips's MS.] 1749. A memorable drought ; so extreme were the heat and drought, as to crack the ground in many places. In some places where broken pieces of glass lay upon the ground, the surface actually caught fire. June 9, A fast by reason of the drought ; Aug. 14, Thanksgiving for rain. [Rev. Mr. French's MS.] June, 1755, was distinguished by excessive heat and drought. Great scarcity of hay and provisions, which bore excessive price. A fast was ordered by the General Court. The fall of the year was productive. [Mmot's History.] 1761. This year was distinguished by a severe drought. Feb. 27, 1771. A very great freshet in Shawshin, car- ried away Capt. Sibson's mill dam ; another in March, which carried away the Wid. Ballard's mill dam. These freshets did much damage. [Blmichard's MS.] March, 1772, uncommon season for storms of wind and snow, even into April. July 14. 1772. A very uncommon thunder cloud gath- ered and discharged over the S. Parish, attended with great wind, rain and hail. The ground was covered with water, which filled the brooks. DARK DAYS. 189 Sept. 2d and 3d, 1772. A very great rain and freshet, to the loss of a great quantity of hay, and the life of a wo- man at F rye's bridge. [BL MS.] 1780. About 40 days from the first of January, the cold continued without any apparent intermission. The snow on a level in the woods about 4t~ feet deep. [Mr. French's 318.] Sept. 1815, a very destructive wind ; much timber and many fruit trees blown down ; some bams unroofed, and many sheds turned over. 1816 and 1817. Remarkably cold seasons ; frosts early, most of the corn destroyed by frost. Aug. 1825, a strong wind for a short time ; blew down much fruit ; a window in the South meeting house was blown in, and the assembly alarmed, left the house in great disorder and consternation. March 3, 1818, A great freshet carried away many bridges. A man and woman drowned in attempting to pass the Shawshin at the Salem turnpike bridge. 1825 and 1826, mild and open winters. 1827. Snow remarkably deep and drifted. 1828. Little snow, winter mild and open, travelling bad. Dark Day a. Oct. 21, 1716. The day was so dark as to require candles at the time of dinner. Aug. 9, 1732, An uncommon darkness happened. Oct. 19, 1763. At Detroit, it is said, almost total dark- ness prevailed through most of the day. People lighted candles, and the darkness continued till 7 o'clock in the evening. " The most extraordinary dark day within our memory, happened on May !9, 1780. The morning was usher- ed in with a very dark cloud hanging over the West and North West, attended with thunder. It settled into the North. The wind at South W T est brought over a number of 190 HISTORY OF ANDOVElt. clouds from that quarter. The darkness began about 9, and at 12 o'clock, it was as dark as evening. Candles were lighted, domestic fowls repaired to their roosts ; fro^s peeped ; night birds appeared ; cattle repaired to their barns. Objects could be discerned at a small distance only. The clouds put on a strange kind of brassy, copper colour, and every thing conspired to make the appearance exceed- ingly gloomy. It abated after 12, and about half past 3 in the afternoon, the appearance was no other than a dark cloudy day. Though the moon fulled the day before, and was at a considerable height, in the evening the darkness returned, and soon became total, as if there had been no such thing as vision, and continued till about midnight. The darkness of the day and evening lasted about fourteen hours. Concern and terror seemed to sit on the counte- nances of people. The darkness extended over all the New England States; westward it reached to Albany ; at the southward, it was observed all along the seacoast ; and to the north, as far as the settlements extend, though not in all places equally dark." [Rev. J. French's MS.] Earthquakes. A great earthquake happened as early as July 1638; another Oct. 29, J653; another, in 1658, mentioned as a great earthquake ; another happened Jan. 23, 1663. The 5th Feb. following there was another, which, from accounts given of it, was the most terrible that had then ever been known in the country. It began about half past five in the evening, and lasted about half an hour. About 8 in the evening was another shock as violent as the first; and in about half an hour two more; the next day another, and the next night another. In the whole, there were about thirty two shocks ; which did not entirely cease till July following. There was one in 1705 ; another in 1720 ; after which there were several smaller earthquakes. " 1727 Oct. 29, a little more than half past ten in the eve- EARTHQUAKES. 191 nitlg, the first and great shake was felt ; when the heavens were most serene and the atmosphere perfectly calm. It was repeated several times in the night, and since, though not so terrible as the first shock." " The centre of it was supposed to be in Newbury, in this county, where the earth opened with a sulphurous blast, and threw up loads of sand and ashes with a stench more nauseous than a putrifying corpse."— 1728, Jan. 30, about two o'clock, P. M. there was a very great shake, and is said to have extended further than any other since the first night. This day was warm, clear and calm, especially before the shake came." [Rev. S. Phillips.] In 1732, 1737, and 1744, there were earthquakes, but not great. The most violent ever felt in New England, was that of Nov. 18, 1755. The effects of this were great. In Boston, about one hundred chimnies w r ere broken off at the roof of the houses, fifteen hundred shattered and partly broken, and the ends of twelve or fifteen brick buildings were thrown down from the top to the eaves. The whole country seem- ed to be shaken. The shock lasted about four and a half minutes. This earthquake reached from Maryland to Hal- ifax, from lake Ontario to the Atlantic ocean, and as far as the West Indies. On the first of Nov. 1755, there was a terrible earthquake at Lisbon, by which in about eight min- utes, a great part of the city sunk, and fifty thousand inhab- itants perished." [Rev. J. French's 3IS.] The quantity of water, which fell in each month, is noted in inches and tenths in the following tabic. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Total 1782 3.0 1,5 3,8 4,3 4,5 3,4 2,6 3 k i i 7,4 40 2,9 40,8 83 2,2 5.4 1,7 0,4 3,6 2.3 9,9 4!.3 2.0 10,7 5,0 2,9 49,7 84 6,5 1,8 2,2 7,1 3,1 2,5 4.5 7;3 4.3 2,1 11,7 7,2 60 3 85 3.7 4,3 4,5 4,2 6,4 5,2 4,3 1.1 9,2 10.1 4,1 5.4 62,4 86 2,5 :>,3 3,7 4,3 7,2 2,1 3,6 37 3,4 2,0 1,8 4!9 41,5 1793 3,1 5,0 3,0 1.2 1 3.1 5,0 2,7 2.9 4,0 5,1 3,8 40,2 98 3.9 9,6 5,6 4,-> 5 9 4,3 2,1 2,6 'A •> 9:3 2,6 45.7 1800 1,5 36 3.8 7,0 4,8 2 5 3 •> •' 1 5/; 4,6 4.3 50,3 1803 3,5 5.0 4,2 2,2 2,7 1,7 10/J 1,5 1,3 4,5 6,5 5,4 49,4 192 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. Rev. Mr. French, from whose MSS. the table and oth- er facts have been extracted, ascertained by experiments, that ten inches of snow, on an average, yielded one inch of water. 1783 Oct. 17, 18, 19, tremendous storm, rain, hail and snow, 4 inches 6 tenths of water. 1784, Feb. 29, the coldest Sabbath since Feb. 2!, 1773. — April 15, 16, 17, great storm, rain and snow, 3 inches 3 tenths of water in all. Dec. 2, and 3, great rain, 4 inches 8 tenths. 1785, April 1 and 2, snow in the woods settled hard three feet upon a level, and, in some places, more. In the morning, the scholars skated upon the snow with ease. April 15 ; this morning Mr. Isaac Abbot sledded two loads of wood three quarters of a mile, over walls and fences. Sept. 23, 24, 25, great rain, 4, 8.-— Oct. 20, 21, 22, rained 9, 0.— Oct. 24, the Merrimack higher than in the remark- able freshet in 1745. — Nov. 25, snow storm. In the night the wind blew the snow into balls. I measured one on the common, which began in a point and ran 76 feet ; it meas- ured seventeen and a half inches in diameter and twenty two inches in length.— Dec. 18, frost entirely out of the ground, weather very pleasant. 1786, Jan. 18, Tuesday, one of the coldest nights ever known in this climate. — April 2, there fell 16 inches of snow. — Dec. 5, Tuesday, great snow of 18 inches. — Dec. 9, Saturday, it began to snow about 5 A. M., and continu- ed an exceeding great storm till Sabbath morning 9 o'clock; wind very high at N. E. — Dec. 10, no meeting. In the forenoon but one person came ; P. M. but 4 ; had a re- ligious exercise in my own house. In the above storm sev- eral persons in the country were frozen to death. 180U. July 20, rain 1 inch and 1 tenth ; only one tenth AGRICULTURE. 193 since the 27th June. July 30, thunder showers and great gale of wind, which did great damage to trees. [Mr. French's Journal.] Agriculture. Farms are of various sizes, from ten to three hundred acres. Few exceed one hundred acres lying together. The first settlers, unskilled in clearing the for- est, had much labor and difficulty in subduing the land and preparing it for a crop. Arable land, till within fifty years, was kept under con- stant tillage, unless so worn out as not to produce a crop ; and then it was left to recruit without grass seed. Rota- tion of crops was rarely attempted, except rye and corn al- ternately. The improvement in this respect has been great. Wheat, for fifty years past, has been raised in small quantities, the crop being uncertain. Indian corn is the principal grain crop, and has always been cultivated, not on- ly for bread, but for feeding cattle and swine. Potatoes, in 1718, were planted by the settlers of Lon- donderry in the garden of Nathaniel Walker. They were raised in small quantities only before the year 1770, and were little used. But for forty years past, they have been in constant use for culinary purposes and for stock, and are very valuable. Turnips of various kinds are raised principally for culi- nary purposes. Mangel Wurtzel and carrots are little cul- tivated ; they are worthy of consideration for stock. Back' wheat was introduced into Andover about the year 1778. Some land, on many farms, has been reclaimed within thirty or forty years ; but much still remains unimproved. Constant emigration renders labor dear and improvement slow. Little has been done at draining swamps, and little at irrigation. Few experiments have been attempted in soiling. Hon. 17 194 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. H. Clark has done more at this than any other, and is fully persuaded, that it is useful and profitable. The same land improved this way will support more than double the stock. He is of opinion, that cows are as profitable for dairy through the season, as when pastured. The increased quantity of manure, and the convenience of having cows, oxen and hor- ses at hand, will amply compensate the increased labor. Not much attention has been paid to the improvement of stock, whether of cattle, sheep, horses, or swine. Those who have turned their attention to this have been well re- munerated. More attention has been paid to making manure than formerly ; but still this article is much neglected. Gypsum has been found useful on some, and useless on other land ; but sufficient trial of its efficacy has not been made. Lime and salt have not been fairly tried ; nor has ploughing in green crops. — Ashes have been found good manure. Peat and swamp mud are among the best materials for compost and for supplying barn and hog yards. Very few barns have cellars, and manure is exposed to evaporation of the sun and wind, and bleaching of the rain. As early as 1662 orchards are mentioned in the sale of land. The trees grew luxuriantly and much larger than those planted within the last sixty or seventy years.* Most of the first planted have decayed, and many have dis- appeared. Considerable attention has been paid to renew- ing orchards and cultivating the best varieties of fruit. The raising of nurseries has been much neglected. The most extensive nursery was in the garden of Mr. Phillips, plant- ed and cultivated by Miss Sarah Abbot, who began it about 1787. She engrafted more than two thousand trees in a * On the Shawshin farm, owned by the Compiler, there is an Apple tree in a state of decay, which measures in the smallest place below five feet above ground, 13 feet and one inch in circumference. About 5 1-9 feet above the ground it is divi- ded into two branches ; one of which measuree 7 feet and tf inches and the other 9 feet in circumference. It is probably the largest apple tree in the county. MANUFACTURES. 195 season ; and about ten thousand were sold from that nurse- ry. The Pear has not been cultivated except for the table, and in small quantities. The town is well supplied with wood and peat. Pine and oak are thrifty after the old wood is taken off. The price of wood has increased much within twenty years. Hard wood is now sold at $4, to 4,34 a cord. A considera- ble quantity of wood and timber is carried to market. An Elm, transplanted by Mr. Jonathan Frye in 1725, near Mr. John Peters' s house, measures in circumference, two feet above the ground, 13 feet 8 inches — 7 feet above the ground, 1 1|- feet. Diameter of the limbs more than 80 feet. An Elm near Mr. Simeon Putnam's, one foot above ground, 16^ feet ; 6 feet above ground, 13 feet. An Elm near Mr. James Abbot's, one foot above ground, 18£ feet— 6 feet above ground 13 feet. Buttonwood near Mrs. Phillips's, one foot above ground, 11 feet — 4 feet above ground 9 foet. Capt. Amos Holt dug up a white oak tree in Mr. Isaac Chandler's pasture, which measured in circumference 21 feet at one foot above the ground ; the limbs of the tree spread over a circle, of which the diameter is eight rods in length. It contained 8j tons of ship timber, and five cords of wood. Capt. Holt received for the stem piece for the ship Independence $100, and a present of $20 because it was so good. Manufactures, A powder mill, in the winter of 1775-6, was built at great expense by S. Phillips jun. Esq., which was probably the first in the country. In 1778 June 1, the powder house was blown up, and three persons were killed. 1796, Oct. 19, two persons were killed by ex- plosion of the powder mill. No powder has been since made here. 4 paper mill was built in 1788 by Hon. S. Phillips, 106 HISTORY OP ANDOVER. and carried on by Phillips and Houghton. This mill was, about 1811, burned. The mill was rebuilt in 1812. The value of paper made in a year is about $10 000 ; for the making of which, 16 to 20 persons are employed. The manufacturing of wool was commenced in 1810, by Mr. Abraham Marland, a native of Great Britain. Noth- ing before this was done, except in a domestic way and by a carding machine put in operation in 1802 by James Scholfield, which was the third in the county. Blankets and coarse fabrics were made for the Government in the last war. In 1813, 14 and 15, three manufactories for wool were put in operation ; and in 1822, two others were built, and one other since. About 160,000 pounds of wool of Amer- can growth are manufactured into upwards of 480,000 yards of flannel in a year. Cassimeres are also manufac- tured. The capital in these establishments is estimated at •$200,909 ; about 300 working people are employed, of whom about 100 are females. John Smith and Co., in 1824, built a shop for ma- chinery for cotton mills, 72 feet by 37 feet, three stories above the basement, with out buildings &,c. About 30 hands are here profitably employed. It is estimated that about one third part of the water power is now used. 1798. Ames and Parker set up a printing press in the S. Parish, did little business and for a short time. 1813. Flagg and Gould established a printing office, in which business has been carried on extensively, not only in the English language, but also in the Greek and He- brew. Their office is supplied with types for printing eleven of the oriental languages. St. Matthew's Lodge of Free Masons was chartered Aug. 1823. MANUFACTURES. 197 Andover Bank was incorporated March 1826 ; Samuel Farrar, President, Amos Blanchard, Cashier. Merrimack Mutual Fire Insurance Company was incor- porated, Feb. 1828. 17* APPENDIX. At a general Court at Boston 6th of 3d month, 1646, Cutshamache, Sagamore of Massachusetts, came into the Court and acknowledged, that for the sum of £(i and a coat which he had already received, he had sold to Mr. John Woodbridge, in behalf of the inhabitants of Cochich- ewick, now called Andover, all the right, interest and priv- ilege in the land six miles southward from the town, two miles eastward to Rowley bounds, be the same more or less ; northward to Merrimack river, provided that the In- dian called Roger, and his company, may have liberty to take alewives in Cochichewick river for their own eating ; but if they either spoil or steal any corn, or other fruit to any considerable value of the inhabitants, the liberty of taking fish shall forever cease, and the said Roger is still to enjoy four acres of ground where now he plants ; and this purchase the Court allows of, and have granted the said land to belong to the said plantation forever, to be or- dered and disposed of by them, reserving liberty to the Court to lay two miles square of their southerly bound to any town or village that may hereafter be erected there- abouts, if so they see cause. Cutshamache acknowledged this before the magistrates, and so the Court approveth thereof, and of the rest of this bill to be recorded, so as it prejudice no former grant.* * Colony Records. APPENDIX. 199 1707, Nov. 3. A committee was ordered to hear the differences respecting the place for a meeting-house in Andover. 1708, July. The report of the Committee was not ac- cepted, and the matter was referred to the inhabitants. 1708, Nov. 2. As a final issue of the case of Andover, referring to their meeting-house, it appearing by the scat- tered settlement of the inhabitants of said town and the insinuations of persons attending on both sides, that the town is capable of supporting two congregations and minis- ters, and their inclinations thereto — Ordered, that they be forthwith divided into two dis- tinct precincts — and that Col. Wainwright, Major Sewall, Maj. Somersby and Nehemiah Jewell Esq. be a Committee to perform that division, and make it equal for a north and south precinct, within the space of two months next com- ing, unless in the interim, the town agree thereon and make it themselves ; and that thereupon the north divis- ion take the present meeting-house for their service, and re- pair and add to it as they please. That there be forthwith laid out for the ministry of the south precinct 14 acres of land for a houselot, and 40 acres at a farther distance, part of it low land to make meadow, of the common land in said precinct, which will make them equal to the other division, to be for the use of the ministry forever. That the inhabitants and proprietors of the south divis- ion build a convenient meeting-house for their own use, and a ministry house. Upon all which Mr. Barnard, the present minister, shall declare his choice of which congregation he will officiate in, and that precinct, north or south, shall fully and wholly per- form the past contract of the town with him, and the other precinct or division of the town shall call and settle anoth- er minister for themselves. 200 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. And the inhabitants of the respective precincts are hereby empowered, &,c. &,c. 1709, May 26, The report of the Committee for di- viding Andover into two precincts which described the lines between them, was accepted.* At a lawful general Town meeting of the proprietors of land in Andover on the 8th day of March 1702, for the reviving and settling our former agreement of the pro- prietors of Andover, according to a vote formerly passed at a town meeting in the year 16S1 : — Voted and passed, that Capt. Christopher Osgood, Lt. John Osgood, Lt. John Barker. Mr. Dudley Bradstreet, Ens. John Aslebe, be a Committee to draw up and revive a list of the names of those men that were formerly acknowledg- ed the proper proprietors of the land in Andover, together with a preface annexed thereto, and to offer the same to the town for their consideration and confirmation : have accordingly drawn up and offered to the proprietors then assembled this following list with the preface to it, which, after consideration and debate upon it, was voted and pass- ed to acceptance, and to be forthwith entered on the town records. Whereas there was formerly a vote of the town upon the alteration of the way of collecting our town rates, that all such as were then house-holders shall upon the consid- eration of the proportion they bear to said charges, be privileged in all regards as free commoners in the Town of Andover, and to enjoy all the privileges upon all divisions of land or other occasions, according to the burthen of their particular taxes ; and whereas the vote not being du- ly entered in the records of our town, it has been since irrecoverably lost ; it is now voted and passed, that those whose names are underwritten be every way advantaged * See Province Records. APPENDIX. 201 and privileged according to what is above expressed as the substance of said former vote. A list of the names of the proprietors according to the town vote. Mr. Simon Bradstreet Capt John Osgood Mr. Francis Dane Nicholas Holt sen. Joseph Parker Richard Barker sen. John Stephens sen. John Frye sen. Thomas Chandler John Aslebe Henry Ingalls Daniel Poor Nathan Parker Solomon Martin Thomas Farnum. William Ballard Andrew Allen Andrew Foster sen. John Lovejoy sen. William Chandler sen. Robert Barnard Mr. Edmond Faulkner John Russ sen. George Abbot sen. George Abbot jr. Thomas Poor Thomas Johnson Ralph Farnum John Frye jr. Samuel Blanchard Mark Graves Thomas Rowell \ John Johnson Robert Russell John Stevens jr. Timothy Stevens Andrew Foster jr, Stephen Johnson Nathan Stevens Job Tyler , John Bridges Joseph Parker Christopher Osgood Ephraim Foster William Barker Alexander Sessions Laurence Lacy Joseph Robinson John Faulkner Samuel Ingalls Ebenezer Barker John Maston jr. Henry Ingalls jr. ( Edward Whittingham, alias I William Abbot Nicholas Nichols John Preston John Abbot George Abbot William Blunt Zechariah Ayer ) alias Robert Russell S Joseph Wileon Lt. John Barker John Parker John Maston sen. Lt. John Osgood John Farnum sen. Timothy Johnson Stephen Barnard Nathaniel Dane Thomas Abbot Ephraim Stevens Joseph Stevens Stephen Parker John Granger Benjamin Frye Samuel Frye James Frye Walter Wright Hugh Stone Joseph Ballard Samuel Holt Henry Holt John Russ jr. Samuel Marble 202 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. Joseph Marble William Lovejoy Samuel Preston William Ballard jr. Daniel Bixby Robert Gray James Holt C Hope Tyler, alias John Chandler ( Joseph Parker Nicholas Holt jr. Samuel Hutchinson Samuel Phelps John Lovejoy jr. William Johnson Moses Haggett At a legal town meeting ordered by a warrant from one of her Majesty's Justices of the Peace in order to the voting in of more proprietors in the town, which was on the 28th day of January in the year 1713-14. Whereas the original purchase of the land of this town was made by Mr. John Woodbridge in behalf of the inhab- itants of said town, and confirmed to us by the General Court in the year 1646 : and whereas the said town at all times since their first settlement laid out and divided at their several meetings, managed, regulated, settled and dis- posed of the land as they saw meet, as may be seen by the votes and records of the said town, and more especially as there was just cause and reason, enlarged and added to the number of proprietors or the inhabitants to be invested in the common land of the said town, as may be seen by a record of the said town voted in the month of March 1702 : The said town now taking into their consideration, that there are a considerable number of inhabitants and free- holders of the said town that were not at the meeting afore- said admitted or voted proprietors, who on many accounts deserve claims and are justly entitled thereunto : The said town do therefore now see cause to vote in and add to their former list of proprietors the persons whose names are in the list underwritten. These were voted to be privileg- ed in all regards together with those that were voted in March the 8th, 1702. William Foster Ebenezer Frye Samuel Osgood Timothy Osgood William Chandler Zebadiah Chandler APPENDIX. 203 James Bridges Nathaniel Abbot William Lovejoy jr. Samuel Peters Benjamin Abbot Jonathan Abbot Joseph Chandler Francis Dane Joseph Chandler jr. Henry Chandler Richard Barker Joseph Osgood Josiah Chandler Stephen Barnard Benjamin Russell Nathaniel Abbot jr. James Barnard Henry Holt jr. Joseph Preston Robert Barnard Paul Holt Daniel Kimball Samuel Preston jr. Nathaniel Frye John Carlton jr. Joseph Parker Ralph Farnum Henry Farnum Thomas Holt Edward Gray Simon Stone Braviter Gray John Russell Samuel Phelps Joseph Phelps Hezekiah Ballard Josiah lugalls Richard Barker jr. Thomas Chandler Robert Gray Jacob Maston Thomas Carrier sen. Thomas Carrier jr. Thomas Abbot jr. John Holt John Poor Daniel Poor Thomas Russell Daniel Faulkner Samuel Austin Hamborough Blunt William Ward well Samuel Barker Joseph Ballard John Abbot jr. John Osgood jr. Joseph Emery Joseph Wright John Barnard Uriah Ballard Oliver Holt Moses Holt John lngalls John Farnum jr. James Stevens Nathan Stevens jr. Abiel Stevens Benjamin Stevens jr. David Stevens Daniel Robinson Samuel Stevens Ebenezer Osgood Jeremiah Osgood Joseph Maston George Abbot jr. Joseph Osgood Mephibi.sheth Bixby John Barker jr. Nehemiah Abbot Jonathan Farnum John Abbot jr. Daniel Abbot William Barker jr. Hannaniah Barker John Barker sen. Samuel Barker j . Nicholas Holt jr. Jacob Preston Timothy Moar James Holt Ebenezer Russell Josiah Holt Samuel Blunt John Carlton sen. George Holt John Foster Ebenezer Lovejoy Joseph Lovejoy Jonathan Blanchard Samuel Farnum 204 HISTORY OF ANDOVER. David Abbot Ephraim Foster jr. Samuel Smith Ephraim Abbot Henry Lovejoy John Chandler jr. Thomas Chandler jr. Thomas Johnson jr. Ezekiel Osgood Timothy Abbot Jamts Farnum Joseph Abbot Joseph Foster Philemon Chandler Christopher Lovejoy BtfD, \ 14 DAY USE RETURN TO DESK FROM WHICH BORROWED LOAN DEPT. RENEWALS ONLY — TEL. NO. 642-3405 This book is due on the last date stamped below, or on the date to which renewed. Renewed books are subject to immediate recall. SEP27'6fl«fi SENT ON ILL Nov 12 1998 U. C. BERKELEY FEB 20 1971 8 3 MJlIH ■mftiSflw 'Sni™ 8r recti rn Ji27 LllUiw JHTER-flBRAff ^-BAMOli ■*&PW 197: — — - ftEC'P ORC ivS-£ ;i jut rs^ 2 8197 JgCD CIRC _s \ym MAB 18'" P 2 1 1974 f ,4 7 LD 21A-38m-5,'68 (J401slO)476B General Library University of California Berkeley I