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 Jri- HISTORICAL MANUSCRIPTS COMMIS 
 
 f 'BEPOKT 
 
 ON THE 
 
 MANUSCRIPTS 
 
 . OF 
 
 ALLAN GEOKGE FINCH] ESQ.. 
 
 OF 
 
 BURLEY-ON-THE-HILL. RUTLAND. 
 
 Vol. I. 
 
 }Jre<icntcD to parliament tj ommanfc of ?i>is 
 
 
 LONDON: 
 PUBLISHED BY HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. 
 
 To be purchased, either directly or through any Bookseller, from 
 
 WYMAN AND SONS, LIMITED, FETTER LANE, E.G., and 32, ABINGDON 
 
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 1913. 
 [Cd. 6508.] Price, 2s, 8d.
 
 CONTENTS 
 
 / 
 
 PAGE 
 INTRODUCTION v 
 
 REPORT - 1 
 
 INDEX - - 525
 
 This Report has been prepared and edited, on behalf of the 
 Historical Manuscript Commissioners, by MRS. S. C. LOMAS. 
 The Index has been compiled by Miss EDITH WILLIAMSON.
 
 INTRODUCTION . 
 
 The large and important collection of letters and other 
 documents preserved at Burley-on-the-Hill was the subject 
 of a short report by the late Mr. Horwood in 1879. He 
 chiefly confined his attention, however, to the calendaring 
 of certain common-place books and the cataloguing of law 
 reports, treatises, cases &c. ; printing only a very small number 
 of letters, and those mostly of the 18th century. It has now 
 been determined by the Commissioners that the collection 
 shall be much more fully dealt with, except as regards the 
 above-mentioned items, for which the reader is referred to 
 Mr. Horwood's report (Hist. MSS. Comm. Rep. VII, p. 511). 
 
 The collection may be broadly divided as follows : 
 
 1. Miscellaneous family letters of the 16th and early 17th 
 centuries. 
 
 2. The correspondence of Heneage, Earl of Winchilsea, 
 during his embassy to the Porte, 1660-1668. 
 
 3. Letters and papers of Sir John Finch, who followed his 
 cousin as ambassador in Turkey. 
 
 4. Letters and papers of Sir Heneage Finch, afterwards 
 1st Earl of Nottingham, and his family. 
 
 5. The voluminous correspondence &c. of Daniel Finch, 
 2nd Earl of Nottingham, during his tenure of the office of 
 Secretary of State, 1688-1693. This includes three letter- 
 books, containing copies of the Earl's letters to the King, 
 Sidney &c. &c., which form a very important supplement to 
 the letter-books in official keeping at the Public Record Office ; 
 a very large number of letters from Sir Robert Southwell and 
 others, written from Ireland during the King's campaign there ; 
 and practically the whole of the great series of letters written 
 to Nottingham by the admirals and captains of the fleet 
 during the period of his holding office as Secretary. 
 
 6. Eighteenth century letters and papers, including the 
 correspondence of Lady Pomfret with her daughter Lady 
 Charlotte Finch, and many other interesting letters, 
 diaries &c. 
 
 The early letters of the volume introduce us to three of 
 the ancestors of the Finch family in the 16th century, Sir 
 Thomas Finch, Sir Thomas Moyle and Sir Thomas Heneage. 
 The two former were landowners in Kent, filling various public- 
 offices in their county and connected by the marriage of Sir 
 Thomas Finch to Moyle's daughter Katherine. 
 
 The third and best known of the three was Thomas, afterwards 
 Sir Thomas Heneage, the prudent and zealous Treasurer of
 
 vi 
 
 the Household to Queen Elizabeth. His daughter Elizabeth 
 married Moyle Finch, Sir Thomas's eldest son, and so brought 
 in what became a favourite Christian name in the family 
 for many generations. 
 
 There are letters from or to all the above-named persons, 
 but the only correspondence of importance is that with Sir 
 Thomas Heneage, to whom there are about a dozen letters 
 from Sir William Cecil, and some very lively ones from Lord 
 Buckhurst, giving an account of his journey to Paris in 1571. 
 He was received at Calais and Boulogne with " all the courtesy 
 in the world." At Boulogne the aged governor came to visit 
 him, followed by the mayor and corporation in full State 
 escorted by beadles and silver maces. Gifts of great pots of 
 wine were presented by the Mayor, with a solemn oration in 
 French, which Buckhurst, as he says, " understood only by 
 discretion " and answered in Italian, which the Mayor " under- 
 stood by nods, as the ape did the friar." 
 
 An incident at Calais might have led to rather serious 
 consequences. Some mischievous person hung a dead cat up 
 close to Sir Thomas's lodgings, and immediately a rumour 
 ran round the town that the English had done it in token of 
 their hope of seeing all the Frenchmen there hanged, and 
 of once more possessing the place. Happily, the Captain of 
 Calais accepted Buckhurst's assurances, and nothing further 
 happened. 
 
 Attention may be drawn to letters from the Earl of Leicester, 
 Walsingham, Hatton, Sydney, and an interesting one from 
 Sir Thomas Smith, afterwards ambassador to France, giving 
 an episode in his life as a young scholar at Cambridge. On 
 p. 30 is an account of the occurrences on and after the " day 
 of barricades " at Paris in 1590 ; and a little later a holograph 
 letter from Lady Ralegh, written in the Tower. 
 
 In one or two of the letters we get allusions to the keeping 
 of the Records. Cecil states, for instance, that Mr. Boyar, 
 keeper of the Records at the Tower and of the Rolls of 
 Parliament and Chancery, had often told him that in some 
 years he did not gain above twenty-six pounds more than 
 his expences, but yet at other times " he had for some special 
 search 13Z. 6s. Sd. at once." And in 1611, Heneage, afterwards 
 Sir Heneage Finch, replies to a request for a certain search 
 that he cannot find the Forest Records, and does not believe 
 that they were any of them ever " returned," they having 
 been apparently, when last heard of, in the custody of the 
 secretary of the Earl of Sussex. 
 
 In 1625, when Charles I's parliament met, Sir Heneage 
 was elected Speaker, and a small book in his own handwriting 
 contains notes of his speeches and of some of the proceedings 
 in the House during that and the following year (p. 43 et seq.). 
 
 In 1651 another distinguished member of the family appears 
 for the first time ; Sir John Finch, second son of the Speaker, 
 the great physician, and ambassador to Florence and to
 
 vii 
 
 Turkey (not to be confused with the other Sir John, created 
 Baron Finch of Fordwich). A small, vellum-covered book, 
 in close and crabbed writing, contains a brief journal of a 
 visit to France, interspersed with anecdotes of people, 
 descriptions of buildings &c (p. 59). 
 
 He tells a curious tale of " Sir Henry Crompton," ambassador 
 to Portugal, and his wife, but there was no ambassador of this 
 name, nor is it clear to whom he is referring. Of the hospitals 
 in Paris he writes : " The Hotel Dieu is a famous hospital, 
 but there's eight in a bed. But the Charite is the best 
 accommodated that can be, as well as any gentleman in his 
 own house. I believe there's about two hundred, every man 
 in a bed singly. The pains of those religious persons which 
 tends them is to be pitied." 
 
 He thought Paris " far more populous than London, and 
 something bigger, because rounder," though not so long. 
 Then, as now, the city was much troubled by floods, and he 
 writes that Cardinal Richelieu had planned to cut the Seine 
 into the Loire, to prevent these inundations. 
 
 Sir John does not seem to have had a high opinion of his 
 Paris confreres. " The Paris physicians," he declares, " be 
 the disease what it will, always open a vein and prescribe a 
 tisaine and a purge of manna." 
 
 On leaving Paris, he went by way of Sens, Dijon and Lyons 
 to Geneva. Of this last, he notes the want of good water 
 and makes the remarkable statement that " the hills of snow, 
 begirting the town, make the air raw and unwholesome ; so 
 cold that in vintage time they have gathered their grapes up 
 to the midleg in snow." From Geneva he went to Milan, 
 but the journal does not carry him so far ; the last entry 
 leaving him in a small cottage at the top of the Simplon, 
 weather-bound by " the abundance of rain." 
 
 From this point the interest of the papers centres in the 
 embassy of Heneage Finch, Earl of Winchilsea to Constanti- 
 nople. The King recommended him for the post, but the 
 appointment was made by the Levant Company, and indented 
 articles were exchanged between them and the Earl. 
 
 The ambassador to Constantinople was consequently in a 
 different position from that of any other English minister, 
 and one of much more difficulty. Technically, he was the 
 servant and representative of the Levant or Turkey Company, 
 and by them, not by the King, his salary was paid. Yet he 
 claimed the status of an ambassador, received credentials 
 from the King, and was expected to carry on diplomatic 
 negotiations. It will be presently seen how these different 
 offices clashed, and how difficult it was to combine the two 
 characters. 
 
 Winchilsea left England in October, 1660, with instructions 
 to go first to Algiers, and try to bring to a satisfactory end 
 the negotiations already set on foot with the Governor there. 
 On his way he touched at Lisbon, and there had interviews
 
 Vlll 
 
 with the King and Queen-Mother of Portugal. His account 
 of his visit to the Queen-Mother is curious. He was admitted 
 to her chamber, though he could not say to her presence, as 
 he saw none but ancient matrons in the room, and " like 
 Moses in the Mount, heard a voice only," proceeding from 
 behind a screen, it being explained to him that the Queen's 
 age and indisposition made her unfit to see visitors. There 
 must, however, have been some special reason for this, for at 
 this time, far from being a decrepit invalid, the Queen-Mother 
 was the virtual ruler of Portugal, and when, in 1662, her 
 incapable son took the government into his own hands, both 
 Charles II and Clarendon wrote in evident dismay, the King 
 broadly hinting to his young brother-in-law that he would 
 do well still to rely upon the experience of his most prudent 
 mother, while Clarendon implored the Queen herself not to 
 deprive her son of the most experienced and devoted counsellor 
 that he could ever hope to have. (See Report upon Mr. 
 Heathcote's MSS., pp. 30 and 31.) 
 
 Winchilsea was visited by and conversed with several of 
 the Portuguese ministers. He learnt that Tangier was almost 
 sure to fall into King Charles' hands ; and was " infinitely 
 glad," declaring, in the exaggerated language which he was 
 prone to use in matters relating directly to the King, that 
 it was a place of such great advantage that all those parts of 
 Europe would tremble at his Majesty's new African dominions ; 
 and that his own importance in Asia would be much increased 
 if he was seconded by " such powerful neighbours to the 
 Turkish rule " (p. 85). 
 
 Towards the end of November ^Winchilsea reached Algiers, 
 where the English Consul, Robert Browne, was vainly trying 
 to negotiate a treaty which the Algerines had small inclination 
 to accept. They much preferred a free hand in relation to 
 the rich English ships which sailed so temptingly past their 
 shores, and England could hold out little inducement to an 
 alliance, and had to fall back upon threats. After two or 
 three days of futile discussion, Winchilsea sent a letter to the 
 Consul, expressing regret that his " advice and attendance " 
 had proved so fruitless and desiring Browne to continue his 
 efforts, but at the same time to give warning to all the English 
 factories within reach of the danger of a breach, and if necessary 
 to demand from the Algerine rulers letters to the King, of 
 which he himself should be the bearer, in order to secure his 
 retreat in safety. Meanwhile it was agreed that the former 
 treaty was to stand in force until the King's views were known, 
 but with the Important reservation that the Algerines positively 
 refused to be bound as regards their right of " searching the 
 English ships," a process which, under the plea of seeing 
 whether any Turks were on board, covered delay, plunder and 
 frequently confiscation. 
 
 In regard to one point which Winchilsea was anxious to 
 obtain, he failed utterly. Some time before, the Earl of
 
 IX 
 
 Inchiquin, with his son and suite, had been captured in an 
 English vessel and carried to Algiers by the exultant " Turks," 
 well pleased to be able to hold such valuable prisoners to 
 ransom. The Earl's own freedom was speedily arranged, 
 but his son and servants were still in the hands of the 
 barbarians, and young Lord O'Brien was claimed as the special 
 property of Ramadan, the present usurping ruler there, who 
 stood out so stiffly in the matter that Winchilsea feared 
 the young lord's freedom would only be recovered by the 
 forcible argument of a fleet of ships. As regards their determina- 
 tion to hold fast to their right of search, Winchilsea blamed 
 Edmund Casson, the English agent who had framed the treaty 
 of 1646, in which " they were in no wise prohibited from 
 seizing strangers' goods or men " (pp. 88. 89). 
 
 After leaving Algiers, Lord Winchilsea proceeded to Messina, 
 where, in the Vice-roy's absence, he was very rudely treated 
 by the native officials. The commander of the castles, 
 however, who, being a Spaniard, was " naturally more civil 
 than the Sicilians," came to his help, obtained " pratique " 
 for him, furnished him a house, invited him ashore and showed 
 him much kindness and respect. 
 
 His next stopping place was Smyrna. Here he remained 
 for two or three weeks, to despatch necessary business and 
 to rest on land awhile before continuing his journey, so that 
 it was February before he reached Constantinople. Sir 
 Thomas Bendysh was still there, and the two men met on very 
 friendly terms. Bendysh had fallen under the suspicion of 
 the King and the Royalist party because he had served as 
 ambassador under Cromwell's government ; but Winchilsea 
 assured the King that " his affections were always sincere 
 to the royal interest " and that he had only consented to bear 
 office under " unlawful powers " when licensed to do so by 
 the dispensation of his Majesty's father (p. 96). Bendysh 
 returned home in the Plymouth, the ship which had brought 
 out his successor, and whose prudent and vigilant commander 
 was Capt. Thos. Allin, afterwards one of Charles II's admirals. 
 
 Winchilsea's work as ambassador was, as has been already 
 said, encompassed by many difficulties. When, after the incor- 
 poration of the Levant Company in 1581, William Harborne was 
 accredited to Turkey,* there were already established there a 
 French ambassador and a Resident from Venice, who united 
 to make things uncomfortable for him. He was only a 
 merchant, they said, and the representative of merchants ; 
 not an ambassador, or fit to take rank with themselves. But 
 Harborne was both able and enterprising. He gradually asserted 
 his position, obtained from the Sultan the " capitulations " 
 which gave the English the same privileges as other nations, 
 and finally wrested from the Frenchman a part of his valued 
 prerogative of acting as protector of those who had no 
 representative of their own at the Porte. 
 
 * He had been out before, but without credentials.
 
 When Winchilsea arrived in 1660 the French and English 
 ambassadors stood on equal terms, excepting that the 
 latter had still to fight against the slur constantly 
 brought up against him that he was in the employment, 
 not of his sovereign, but of a company of traders. As a matter 
 of fact, his sovereign was quite willing to employ him, so long 
 as he had not to pay him, and Winchilsea was absolutely 
 determined to hold his ground and assert his equality, it not 
 something more as a peer of England and a " cousin " of the 
 king to the not very distinguished representative of France. 
 
 He came to Turkey, indeed, at an auspicious moment in 
 this respect, for the French ambassador had lately roused 
 the Vizier's anger by boasting of the greatness of his master, 
 and threatening revenge for certain injuries sustained by 
 French subjects. The Turks, who could not bear anything 
 that savoured of a threat, struck his son in the face, dragged 
 him by the hair out of the Vizier's palace, and committed 
 the ambassador to the Seven Towers, where he was kept for 
 two months. When Winchilsea arrived he had been released, 
 but was deposed from office, no audiences or addresses from 
 him accepted, and he himself looked upon as a hostage for 
 a messenger the Vizier was sending to France, to know whether 
 the King would have peace or war (pp. 97, 105). 
 
 Meanwhile the French nation was left unprotected, and 
 Winchilsea believed that the indignity to his minister must 
 necessarily be so highly resented by King Louis " as not to 
 be reconciled without greater satisfaction than Turkish 
 obstinacy was likely to condescend to." Under these 
 circumstances, he hoped that the King of France might be 
 persuaded to put his subjects under English protection, as 
 there was no one so powerful to defend them as himself. 
 
 The Resident from the Emperor was also under a cloud, 
 owing to complications in Transylvania which threatened 
 to lead to war with Turkey ; the Venetian " bailo " had 
 fallen into disgrace and was " in the nature of a prisoner " ; 
 and there remained only the Holland Resident, a man so 
 inconsiderable that the Vizier hardly knew there was such a 
 person. In this state of affairs it cannot be wondered at 
 that the English ambassador had good hopes of maintaining 
 the interests of his nation at the Sultan's Court (pp. 97, 99). 
 
 At this time the " Grand Signor," Mohammad Han, was 
 not more than twenty-two years of age and was wholly governed 
 by the Vizier, whom he called father (p. 97). In a short 
 sketch of Turkish affairs, Winchilsea describes him as he 
 appeared some seven years later, as being of a melancholy 
 disposition, of middle stature, sleeping little but eating much, 
 fond of riding and exercise, devoted to his religion, a great 
 enemy of Christians ; delighting in building, yet anxious to 
 lessen his expenses and increase his treasure (pp. 521-2). 
 
 But our interest in the Porte at this particular period centres 
 not in the young and foolish Sultan, but in the two great
 
 XI 
 
 ministers, father and son, who lifted Turkey to a height which 
 it had not reached since the defeat before Vienna, and made 
 it a standing menace to the safety of the Empire. 
 
 When Winchilsea arrived, Mohammad Kiuprili was the 
 Grand Vizier or Vizier Azim, and is thus described by the 
 ambassador : 
 
 " This Vizier is a man of stronger natural parts and more refined 
 resolution than any that has governed the Ottoman Empire. Having 
 the sole power in his hands, he has purged the body politic by cutting 
 oft (partly by his own hands) six thousand bashas and great men, 
 whose estates have flown into his own coffers, save such rivulets as 
 lie has let pass by to his master ; and indeed the Empire was so rent 
 by factions that a resolute spirit was necessary, who cut off those 
 members he could not cure. He is punctual in his word, pays all 
 debts to their day, severe in his punishments, generous in his rewards. 
 He hates all Christians, and hopes to conquer all Italj' and Rome, 
 though he is aged, dropsical and afflicted with gout and jaundice." 
 
 At this time Kiuprili's ambitions were directed towards 
 Germany, and he hoped to make a stepping stone of 
 Transylvania, then under Turkish suzerainty. One Kimenyi 
 (or Chimianus, as he is called in these papers) had taken upon 
 himself the government there without the Sultan's consent, 
 and the latter refused to give him the standard (the sign of 
 his acceptance as ruler) unless he either sent his son as a hostage 
 or came himself to receive the honour, which he did not wish 
 perhaps did not dare to do. The Vizier was therefore 
 resolved to make war upon Transylvania, and, as the Emperor 
 was suspected of abetting Kimenyi, it was believed that his 
 ultimate intention was to carry the war into the Imperial 
 dominions. Winchilsea would have welcomed such a war, to 
 divert the Emperor's attention from the side of France, 
 England's ally, and also as tending to bring to an end the long 
 conflict between the Turks and Venice ; but the English 
 ministers did not choose to meddle in the matter so far as 
 to authorize him to take any action ; probably indeed doubted 
 whether he had the power to do anything effectual. 
 
 In June, 1661, Winchilsea feared that the chances of war 
 with the Emperor were vanishing, for the German Resident 
 had heard from Vienna that his master was resolved to stand 
 " as a neuter and at a gaze on the affairs of Transylvania " 
 unless the Turks put a governor and garrisons into the country, 
 wliich the Sultan had sworn he did not mean to do. Once 
 again Winchilsea declared that if the King would have made 
 him an instrument to foment the difference, he believed he 
 could have done it, and that without being discovered ; and 
 once again, also, he lamented the belief which obtained amongst 
 the King's counsellors that the affairs of Turkey could have 
 no influence upon England. 
 
 At his first going to the Porte, Winchilsea had written to 
 the Lord Treasurer, his brother-in-law, that the German 
 Resident was unfortunate in having a dragoman or interpreter, 
 who (as he well knew) was false to him and " a spy to all 
 Christendom," yet whom he dared not remove, as he had been
 
 xii 
 
 imposed on him by the Vizier. This worthy Winchilsea now 
 " gained," no doubt by a judicious use of money, and hoped 
 by his means to be kept acquainted with all that passed at 
 the Emperor's Court. One almost wonders that he needed 
 to do so, as he seems to have been kept pretty well informed 
 by Reninghen (the Imperial Resident) himself, with whom 
 he was on very friendly terms. 
 
 What the English ambassador precisely intended to do is 
 not clear, but he wrote to his cousin, Sir Heneage Finch, that 
 he had now an opportunity to forward the war, if only he 
 had money, but that nothing could be effected without presents 
 and corruption, while with them the whole Empire might be 
 " commanded." A few days later he wrote on the same 
 subject to the Lord Treasurer. There was no question, he 
 said, but that the Vizier hath resolved upon a great war ; 
 yet some believed that the Emperor would agree to any 
 conditions to avoid it ; and indeed the Resident had said 
 as much to him, and had now sent him word (fearing that he 
 might incite the Turks to that war) that his Imperial Majesty 
 was resolved to remain friendly with England, even if she 
 went to war with Spain (p. 147). 
 
 By this time war was being carried on in Transylvania, 
 and after some skirmishes the Turks had retired towards 
 Buda. The Sultan and his army were at Adrianople, 
 professedly on account of the plague, but probably in order 
 to be nearer the scene of operations, and perhaps also to 
 guard that important strategical point in case of reverses. 
 
 In October, 1661, the Grand Vizier, Mohammad Kiuprili, 
 died. Winchilsea announced the fact and commented on 
 it in a letter to Nicholas. It was strange, he thought, that 
 after being Vizier for five years he should die at peace in his 
 bed, and still more strange that his son should succeed him, 
 supplanting so many ancient and experienced pashas.. The 
 son, he continued, followed his father's rules and seemed to hope 
 to overawe the world by his severity. " Some heads of great 
 men, which his father disposed of by will, he hath already 
 taken off, and others . . . remain in the black book of his 
 father's testament. He is as proud and cruel as his father 
 and has strength to put into execution his rigorous laws, so 
 that people now talk of the father's clemency, who only 
 chastised them with scourges, but this one with scorpions." 
 
 The old Vizier left certain maxims for his young master's 
 guidance, as not to hearken to the counsel of women ; to 
 amass wealth by keeping his subjects poor ; to be always on 
 horseback, and to keep his armies in motion. He was, 
 Winchilsea declared, " the ablest and faithfullest minister who 
 had ever served the Turkish empire " (pp. 168, 172). 
 
 Before going on to the rule of the second Kiuprili, it may 
 be well to look at the English ambassador's position at 
 Constantinople. In the first place, as regards his relations 
 with the Levant Company. The articles of agreement are
 
 Xllt 
 
 calendared amongst the Domestic State Papers, under date 
 September 19, 1660. Winchilsea engaged to remain out five 
 years, to guard the Company's interests, compose differences, 
 " establish " their consuls and not remove them without the 
 Company's consent &c. &c. They, on their part, agreed to 
 pay his expenses thither and on his return (with a suite of 
 thirty persons) to allow him 10,000 dollars a year (about 
 2,000/.), also to pay the charges of presents (no small matter 
 in the Turkish embassy) and of three dragomen or interpreters. 
 But there seems also to have been a private understanding 
 with the merchants of the Company that he was to have 
 more, in consideration of his yielding his claim to certain 
 customs connected with the consulates, and in his earliest 
 letters from Pera he urges that he ought to have at any rate 
 another 2,000 dollars per annum ; that indeed Sir William 
 Vincent and others had promised him 4,000. (See his letters 
 to members of the Company and to his cousin, Sir Heneage 
 Finch, pp. 94, 98.) 
 
 The King, as has been said, paid no part of the Turkey 
 ambassador's expences. Winchilsea speedily realized, how- 
 ever, that there were certain things which could not fairly 
 be charged to the Levant Company. He could not in reason, 
 for instance, put into their account the expences of messengers 
 employed on State affairs, or the sums which he paid to procure 
 intelligence. Yet without these, he could not carry on the 
 King's business and must be, in effect, what his rivals accused 
 him of being, " little better than a grand factor for the 
 merchants." 
 
 He feared, indeed, that the English ministers were inclined 
 to be satisfied with this view, and in March, 1661, he wrote to 
 Nicholas on the matter. This letter is not in the letter-book, 
 but its contents can be gathered from one to Sir Heneage Finch 
 (p. 103) and from Nicholas' reply (p. 118). In May he returned 
 to the subject. Nicholas might perhaps, he supposed, reckon 
 information concerning affairs in Turkey (by reason of the 
 distance and little intercourse between the crowns) to be 
 " impertinent to matters of State in England," but this was 
 a gross mistake. He had opportunities for advancing the 
 King's honour as good as any other ; but he could do nothing 
 without support from home. 
 
 He had even heard (as he states in a letter to Sir Anthony 
 Ashley Cooper) that people in England were saying of his 
 embassy that in Turkey there were " no matters of State to 
 be employed in, but only merchandising and protection of 
 traders," and that the Turks being infidels, it did not concern 
 England to meddle, except to secure her trade. But, he 
 continued, trade must be subordinate to matters of State ; 
 if it were the King's or the Sultan's interest to break off 
 commerce, no intercessions of the merchants could prevent 
 them. Another assertion made was that the employment 
 was beneath him. To this he replied : " Is it more honourable
 
 XIV 
 
 to be an ambassador amongst the Dutch butter-boxes . . . 
 than to be employed at this great Court, with a mighty 
 Emperor, seated in the centre of the world, and the large field 
 of a vast empire to act in ? " Other potentates of Europe 
 so honoured the embassy that they chose their greatest nobles 
 for it, sending them with a more costly train than to any other 
 Court. And the French ambassador, employed on the same 
 terms as himself, besides the salary from his Levant Company, 
 had 1,500Z. a year allowance from the King (pp. 125, 126, 139). 
 
 One point he thought very important. The English King 
 had hitherto been addressed as " Crawle," which indeed 
 meant a sovereign prince, but the Sultan himself assumed 
 the name of " Podeshaw," i.e. Emperor, and gave it to the 
 Emperor of Germany and the King of France ; wherefore it 
 was not fitting that the King of England should be called by 
 a lower title. But nothing could be done at the Porte without 
 " presents and corruptions," and no letters came from England 
 nor any allowance of moneys, therefore he was powerless 
 (p. 127). Winchilsea also suggested that his Majesty should 
 endeavour to obtain, through himself, the post of mediator 
 between Turkey and Venice, which could not but add greatly 
 to his credit and renown. 
 
 To these proposals the King replied that he would be well 
 pleased to accept of the mediation between Turkey and Venice, 
 but could not grant allowance for intelligence, being loth to 
 incur new charges and knowing no precedent for it. Nicholas 
 wrote to the same effect, using the very argument which 
 Winchilsea (writing on almost the same day) guessed he would 
 do, viz. : that Trukey was so remote that any intelligence 
 from thence could be of little use in England. 
 
 In August, 1661, the Earl again applied to his cousin, Sir 
 Heneage Finch, and his brother-in-law, Lord Treasurer 
 Southampton. As he had now the opportunity to forward 
 the war between the Emperor and the Porte, he believed 
 he had matters of State in hand such as no former English 
 ambassador had ever pretended to, and " deserved to be 
 regarded as one of a greater trust than the mere concernment 
 of merchandise and traffic." But he was left " wholly naked," 
 without encouragement, instructions or money, the only 
 foreign agent without allowances or credit in a country where 
 nothing could be effected without money and bribery. The 
 Vizier, by his tyrannies and injuries to other nations, was 
 engaged to the English interest, lest he should raise a " general 
 combination of all Christendom against him," but he was 
 old and dropsical, and not expected to live a year, and when 
 he died all might be changed, and the interests of other princes 
 might prevail (p. 152). 
 
 In case of war with the Emperor, Winchilsea believed that 
 efforts would be made to bring in a Spanish ambassador, who 
 could transact the German affairs, and would certainly try 
 to dimmish English influence. The French and Venetian
 
 XV 
 
 ambassadors had always, by means of " that chief weapon, 
 money," opposed the admission of a Spaniard, and the same 
 must be his " game " also, but it must be by the use of the 
 same weapon. And so back to the old cry : he can do nothing 
 without money (p. 149). 
 
 Tb Nicholas's objection that news from Turkey could be 
 but of little use in England, Winchilsea replied by explaining 
 that he had no intention of sending " diaries of common 
 transactions, but to have a narrow inspection into the 
 negotiations of Christian princes at this Court, and discover 
 their secret designs." This meant the employment of spies, 
 and spies must be paid (p. 157). 
 
 This brings us up to the time of the death of the old Vizier, 
 Mohammad Kiuprili, and the accession to office of his still 
 more renowned son, Ahmad. 
 
 The new minister's policy was apparent from the very 
 beginning. His great ambition was to wage a successful war 
 against Germany, and as Winchilsea probably showed his 
 own bias on this subject, he was likely to be in favour. It 
 was his duty to go to the Court at Adrianople to offer 
 congratulations and presents. This he accordingly did ; was 
 very well received by the Vizier and obtained certain additions 
 to the English capitulations. His opinion of the new minister 
 (a very mistaken one, as it turned out) was that he was 
 more a lawyer than a soldier, " a man secret and of few 
 words." 
 
 Another object of Winchilsea's visit to the Court was to 
 checkmate the designs of certain deputies from Algiers who 
 were coming to the Sultan with complaints and claims against 
 the English. He was not very confident of victory, as they 
 were known to be provided with powerful arguments in the 
 shape of very rich presents, more likely to prevail with the 
 Turks than the strongest reason. In the event, however, 
 he was quite successful, for before the Algerines arrived he 
 had imbued the Vizier with such a conviction of their dis- 
 loyalty, and had laid so good a foundation by gifts to 
 the principal officers, that instead of meeting with the 
 countenance they expected, they were severely reprehended 
 and found their mission a failure (p. 177). 
 
 At first the new Vizier had many difficulties to contend 
 with, and his position was very unstable. The powerful 
 Basha of Babylon was threatening insurrection ; the Turkish 
 horsemen were unsettled and defiant, and a cabal was got up 
 by the " Queen Mother " and the chief of the eunuchs, which 
 threatened to crush him. The mother of the Sultan had 
 very considerable power and great influence over her son, 
 as was shown by the fact that he dared not put his brothers 
 to death, much as he desired to do so, without her permission, 
 and this she refused, though apparently the only cogent reason 
 by which she could justify her refusal was that the Ottoman 
 line was in danger of dying out (p. 522).
 
 XVI 
 
 In spite of his early successes, Winchilsea soon found the 
 new Vizier " intractable and difficult to deal with," and his 
 hatred of the Christians was such that he ordered all their 
 churches, then newly built up after a fire which had destroyed 
 them, to be again demolished and the builders severely 
 punished. In this he was encouraged by a Sheik or " religious 
 Softa," who claimed to be inspired, and declared that all the 
 misfortunes of the last years had been due to too much 
 indulgence of the Christians (p. 197). 
 
 As regards public matters, it was not long before Winchilsea 
 made up his mind that the new Vizier, though he said little 
 and dissembled much, was secretly preparing for war. The 
 casus belli at this time was the fort of Kanisia, which the 
 Emperor declared had been erected by his orders and should 
 be maintained by his arms, while the Sultan vowed to use the 
 whole strength of his Empire to demolish it (p. 196). 
 
 But again, when the breaking out of hostilities seemed 
 inevitable, there was a lull in the gathering storm. The 
 Emperor sent a message so pleasing to the Vizier that the 
 fortunate envoy returned from his audience well satisfied 
 and with three vests, a very signal sign of favour. The 
 Emperor had lowered his terms and Winchilsea imagined that 
 Kiuprili also would agree to very moderate ones, in order to 
 be free to attend to his own affairs at home, where, owing to 
 the continued animosity of the Queen-Mother and chief eunuch, 
 " every hour he had a new game to play for his life." But, 
 in the light of after events, it seems probable that he never 
 relinquished his scheme, and only wished to lull suspicion 
 while he went on with the preparations necessary for the 
 success of the great campaign which he had planned. 
 
 In May, 1662, the King of France wrote to ask that the son 
 of his former ambassador might be admitted to his father's 
 place. The Vizier replied with the accustomed formula ; 
 that the Grand Signer's arms were open to all who came with 
 submission and respect. Winchilsea marvelled at the 
 " tameness " of the French King, considering the treatment 
 his ambassador had received ; and considering too the late 
 fight for precedence between the Spanish and French 
 ambassadors in London, which Louis had taken up so hotly. 
 It was strange, he said, that the King should be so tender 
 of his honour in England and yet " slight so notorious a 
 violation " of his ambassador in Turkey (pp. 198, 240). It 
 does not seem to have occurred to him that while the conduct 
 of Spain was a vital matter, the Most Christian King would 
 not look so seriously upon the rudeness of a " barbarian " 
 monarch towards an envoy who was not regarded, in spite 
 of the generous treatment accorded him, quite in the same 
 light as an ambassador to one of the European Powers. 
 
 In this same May, 1662, news came to the Porte that the 
 English fleet under Sir John Lawson had had a sharp encounter 
 with the Algiers pirates in the Straits, and had taken several
 
 XV11 
 
 of their vessels. The Algerines, in alarm, sought for refuge 
 under the flag which they had lately scorned, and sent a 
 deputation to the Sultan, begging him to send them a new 
 basha, whom they promised to obey. The effect of this was 
 that the Turkish ministers persuaded themselves that Algiers 
 was again " wholly loyal," therefore any attack upon it by 
 another power must be held to be a breach of the peace with 
 Turkey. The Sultan, indeed, still disavowed the pirates 
 (although he was suspected of encouraging them underhand), 
 but to all complaints of damage done by them gave one 
 answer : that their ships might be destroyed at sea, but 
 their towns and forts were not to be touched " without his 
 revenge." 
 
 Winchilsea considered this a covert threat against himself 
 and the English merchants in Turkish dominions ; but he 
 loyally urged the King to consult " his own renown," being 
 willing that he and his should be a sacrifice for the glory of 
 his Majesty and the welfare of his country. This risk, however, 
 did not arise, as presently the news came of the peace concluded 
 by Lawson with Algiers (pp. 200, 202). 
 
 In 1662 the war cloud hanging over the relations between 
 Turkey and Germany had again Lifted and the summer passed 
 without any outbreak of hostilities, but influences were at 
 work which did not make for peace. 
 
 The princes of Europe (so Winchilsea said) believing that 
 the Emperor's withdrawal from those " resolutions of war " 
 which it was their policy to encourage, was due to a fear that 
 if he were engaged with Turkey dangers might threaten the 
 Empire on the side of Alsace set to work to soothe his alarm, 
 the French King in particular protesting that he had no 
 intention " to encroach the least foot on his dominions, but 
 on the contrary would afford him all help and assistance." 
 This produced fresh hesitation in the Councils at Vienna 
 and finally it was resolved to leave the decision to the diet 
 about to be held at Posen (p. 211). 
 
 The Turks, impatient at the uncertainty, urged the Imperial 
 Resident " either to have a present peace or a speedy 
 declaration of war." Failing to get satisfaction on the point, 
 the Sultan announced that he gave the Emperor three months 
 in which to send an ambassador to conclude the treaty already 
 partly agreed upon and to demolish the frontier fortress 
 at Kanisia, built by Count Isdring under the avowed direction 
 and protection of the Emperor. 
 
 A rumour of the French King's proceedings had reached 
 Turkey, and the Sultan threatened to ruin every Frenchman in 
 his dominions if it proved true. Winchilsea turned this to his 
 own advantage and was able triumphantly to announce that 
 the Turkish ministers had publicly declared that their only 
 true friends were the English (p. 218). 
 
 But winter was coming on, and in spite of his ultimatim 
 the Sultan did not dare to embark upon a winter campaign, 
 
 Wt. 29495. FI 6
 
 XVlll 
 
 contenting himself with pushing forward warlike preparations 
 and ordering his general on the frontiers to occupy as much 
 of Transylvania as he could. At the end of the three months' 
 grace, the Emperor sent to learn what were the Turkish 
 demands. The Turks believed this to be in consequence of 
 pressure from Rome where the Pope needed the Emperor's 
 aid to defend him from " his most Christian son," the King of 
 France and greatly rejoiced over the disunion of Christendom. 
 The people as a whole had no great inclination for a war in 
 the north, and were far more anxious to prosecute vigorously 
 the long protracted struggle with Venice for the possession of 
 Crete. Winchilsea, as has been seen, was very desirous to act 
 as mediator, on his master's behalf, but the English overtures 
 were coldly received by both parties. 
 
 In the spring of 1663 the treaty with the Emperor appeared 
 to be on the point of conclusion, yet Winchilsea found it 
 difficult to believe that the vast preparations which had been 
 made were intended for nothing more than the capture of a 
 few Venetian fortresses in Dalmatia. He saw pretty clearly 
 that the Turks (by which he probably simply meant the Vizier) 
 were only " deluding " the Emperor until their army was 
 assembled, and the frontier forts given up, and that then 
 they would spring upon him further and impossible demands. 
 And so indeed it proved. As the Emperor " condescended " 
 the Turks raised their demands, the negotiations fell through, 
 and in May the Vizier began his march from Sofia towards 
 Belgrade. The Sultan had summoned his subject-king, the 
 " Tartar Han," to his aid, but he was busy resisting a combined 
 attack of Cossacks, Muscovites and Calmucks upon Ozov, and 
 wished " to see the fire extinguished first in his own house 
 before giving help elsewhere " (p. 259). 
 
 After May, Winchilsea is curiously silent concerning the 
 movements of the Vizier and his army. We hear nothing of 
 his march from Belgrade to Buda, nothing of the capture of 
 the forts upon the Danube. The next notice of the campaign 
 occurs in October, when he reported that the surrender of a 
 town in Hungary had caused more joy than the taking of 
 Babylon, and had so " puffed up " the Turks that they were 
 as jubilant as they had lately been depressed. The allusion 
 is, no doubt, to the obstinate defence and ultimate capture of 
 Neuhausel or Ursek Ujvar, which surrendered on the 25th of 
 September. After this the Turkish army went into winter 
 quarters, and again there is silence for many months, until 
 March, 1664. Then we hear that the Turks were much 
 discouraged by their heavy losses in the last campaign ; that 
 great preparations were being made for the coming one, but 
 that the men went very unwillingly to the war, and cursed the 
 Vizier as its author. Moreover, the Sultan had begun to 
 suspect that the Vizier had not been sending him true 
 intelligence, and it was generally believed that the first defeat 
 would cost the minister his head (p. 304),
 
 XIX 
 
 Winchilsea was held back at this time from going himself 
 to the Court by his anxiety not to spend more money than 
 he could possibly help ; yet he thought it very desirable that 
 the English ambassador should be on the spot, to create friends 
 and discountenance enemies. For indeed, as he told the Lord 
 Treasurer, things were much more difficult than they had 
 been in the times of former ambassadors. The Sultan himself 
 was more "humoursome" and extravagant than other 
 Emperors had been, and demanded so many payments, presents 
 and entertainments from his ministers, that they were forced 
 to rob and spoil the people in order to live themselves, and 
 were more corrupt than ever, from their desire for bribes and 
 presents (p. 319). 
 
 Meanwhile he instructed his agent at Adrianople to inform 
 the ministers that the Emperor had sent to England to ask 
 for aid against the Sultan, but that the King, from friendship 
 to Turkey and indignation at the Emperor's cold behaviour 
 to him in the time of his exile, had refused to give him either 
 men or money. 
 
 At the end of June, Winchilsea sent Morice " a taste of 
 some points " concerning the state of feeling in Turkey. The 
 war with the Emperor (he said) was considered by the most 
 judicious of the Turks to have been begun at an unfortunate 
 time and without just grounds. It had, he believed, been 
 first suggested by the steward of the late Vizier, " a man of 
 an active and speculative brain," who had filled the Court 
 with high expectations of its success. But men of warlike 
 and generous spirit, ambitious to perform great enterprises, 
 had geen greatly wanting in the empire of late years, Mohammad 
 Kiuprili having, to preserve himself, massacred all who 
 " entertained great and aspiring thought." Also the Spahis 
 of the remoter parts, failing to obtain their usual allowances 
 for horses and arms from the Sultan who was given up to 
 his pleasures and not of a warlike disposition had absented 
 themselves in large numbers, so that the army was very inferior 
 to those which former histories told of (p. 322). 
 
 The Sultan himself was more firmly fixed in his government 
 than he had hitherto been, one of his women having borne him 
 a son. This had quieted the people and soldiers, who of late 
 had begun to murmur, fearing the extinction of the reigning 
 family (ibid.). There were great rejoicings at the birth of this 
 child. As Winchilsea explains in another place, " for long " no 
 Sultan had married, because by Turkish law a wife was heir to 
 an eighth of the Empire during her life ; but any concubine 
 who bore him a son wore a crown and had a great revenue 
 and a Court apart (p. 522). 
 
 At the beginning of August the news of the capture of some 
 of the forts on the Danube had raised the Turks to a " high 
 conceit of their success." but they were quickly cast down 
 again upon receipt of the news of a defeat sustained from 
 Count Souches at the beginning of July. If the Grand Vizier
 
 XX 
 
 himself met with disaster, either the Sultan would be forced to 
 a dishonourable peace or (Kiuprili being put to death or 
 displaced) a new Vizier, from regard to his own safety, would 
 persuade the Sultan in person to continue the war (p. 327). 
 
 The disaster was not long in following. There is no direct 
 mention of the battle at the abbey of St, Gothard on August 1 ; 
 but in the middle of September Winchilsea reported that the 
 second defeat of the Turkish forces had reduced their affairs 
 to a very distracted condition. They talked of peace, but, 
 as was believed, merely to quiet the soldiery and the people, 
 for though no doubt they heartily repented the beginning 
 of the war, yet their pride could hardly submit to stop it 
 at a time when it would conclude with so much disgrace to 
 themselves (p. 332). 
 
 Nothing is said of the Sultan's views as regards the Grand 
 Vizier ; indeed, if he was told of the defeat at all, it was 
 probably in very modified terms ; for when in the autumn 
 he went to a remote town, " out of all roads," the journey was 
 believed to be contrived by the Vizier, to prevent him from 
 learning the true history of the summer's misfortunes (p. 336). 
 It says much for the power of the chief minister that himself 
 at so great a distance he should be able to keep his rivals 
 from pouring the tale into the monarch's ear. But probably 
 the terms of peace disposed the Sultan to look kindly upon 
 his minister, for although defeated in battle, Kiuprili had been 
 amazingly successful in diplomacy. Recognition of Apafi (the 
 Vaivode of Transylvania chosen by the Porte) ; the Sultan's 
 confirmed suzerainty over that country ; retention of the 
 great forts taken, and payment of a large sum of money 
 these were strange terms to be given by the conqueror to 
 the conquered, and must have sent the Vizier back to his 
 master rather as one triumphant than disgraced ; more 
 especially as by this means repose was assured upon the 
 northern boundaries and the Turks were left free to prosecute 
 what they cared much more about, the war in Crete. So 
 there was general joy amongst the people, as well there might 
 be, considering that they appear to have found out more or 
 less of the truth : that their forces were weakened, their chief 
 commanders slain, and the soldiers in terror that the " Christians 
 would not onlv recover all Hungary, but come to Adrianople 
 itself " (p. 346). 
 
 One result of the war was very gratifying to Winchilsea, 
 for the Turks " took notice " (probably he assisted them so 
 to do) of the aid given to the Emperor by the French. Perhaps 
 they would have taken even more notice if they had seen 
 what the Imperial General Montecuculli wrote, after the battle 
 of St. Gothard, concerning the corps of 6,000 men who had 
 joined his army : " Les troupes franyaises ont fait des merveilles. " 
 The Turks were also annoyed by the French " invasion of 
 Barbary," i.e. their futile expedition to Gigeri, but Winchilsea 
 was by no means anxious for this last matter to be taken
 
 zxi 
 
 seriously, and hoped to show it to be no breach of the French 
 " capitulations " with the Sultan, so as to serve for a 
 precedent if, in the future, the English King should desire to 
 revenge the piracies of that country in like manner (p. 341). 
 
 On July 22, 1665, the Imperial ambassador, Count Lesley, 
 made a state entrance into Adrianople, attended by a numerous 
 retinue with banners and kettledrums, led horses and litters, 
 and three coaches with six horses apiece, and " adorned with 
 glass windows after the new mode." He was accompanied 
 by Henry Howard " of Norfolk," heir to the dukedom, a 
 friend of Winchilsea's, and when the latter begged to know 
 in what way he could pleasure the ambassador, Howard 
 assured him that the one thing which would gratify the Count 
 and his suite more than anything would be to give them plenty 
 of good English beer (pp. 386, 387). The peace with the 
 Emperor was duly ratified, and the Turks were much *' puffed 
 up " by the advantageous conditions they had secured 
 (p. 402). 
 
 On Kiuprili's return to Adrianople, he sent for the Venetian 
 Resident and roundly demanded the surrender of Crete. And 
 being answered that this was only in the power of the Signory 
 to " dispose," he bid the " Bailo " write to them " to consult 
 well in time, before the Grand Signer came with his conquering 
 army to force it from them." 
 
 Just at this time the younger M. de la Haye, son of the 
 former ambassador, arrived from France. The Turks, 
 " remembering the French attempt at Gigeri and the succour 
 given to the Emperor," received him coldly ; he was forced 
 to land, as it were, incognito, and walk on foot from the ship 
 to his house, and upon notice given to the Vizier that the 
 King of France had sent a gentleman of quality with him 
 on purpose to give an account of his reception, it was replied 
 that they cared nothing for the reports to France, and if he 
 did not like his usage, he and his witness might return home 
 again (p. 402). At his audience with the Vizier, he fared 
 very badly indeed. He went with more than ordinary pomp, 
 but the Vizier did not rise to receive him, and upon the 
 ambassador protesting, used such insulting language that the 
 Frenchman, exclaiming " Let us go, we have no more to do 
 here," flung his " capitulations " in their case over his shoulder. 
 As ill-luck would have it, the .case struck the Vizier on the 
 breast, who at once ordered the ambassador to be seized and 
 beaten. He received many blows and was finally carried off 
 to " a bad low chamber under the stairs," where he remained 
 four days, and whence he was only released upon Winchilsea's 
 intercession. The Vizier hesitated whether to cut off his 
 head, shut him up in the Seven Towers or send him home, 
 but again Winchilsea intervened, and he was allowed to remain 
 at his own house (p. 406). This is, of course, only Winchilsea's 
 account of the affair, but it may be noted that it was sent, 
 not to the English government (to whom he might wish to
 
 XX11 
 
 magnify his own part in the matter), but in a private letter 
 to his friend and cousin, Sir John Finch, at Florence. 
 
 The French ambassador, in writing home, naturally made 
 little of what had happened, saying that since his audience 
 he had received full satisfaction, and a promise that all his 
 demands should be granted ; and the French " bragged " 
 much of his reception, some accounts stating that he had 
 been met by many persons of quality and a hundred and 
 fifty boats ; but as to this, Winchilsea declared that though 
 these lies passed in Christendom, yet in Constantinople every 
 one knew " that the favours he had from the Vizier was two 
 or three good boxes of the ear, and some days' imprisonment 
 in a nasty place in the Vizier's own house " (p. 430). And 
 that however the French dissembled it, the Turks were very 
 bitter against them, and their trade at Constantinople was 
 as good as lost, for their five sol pieces had been " cried 
 down so low " that they lost by bringing money thither, and 
 their country afforded no goods of any consequence. 
 
 In the preface to one of the volumes of the invaluable series, 
 " Recueil des Instructions donnees aux ambassadeurs et 
 ministres de France " (Russie t. 1, pp. 14-16), the learned 
 editor gives a glowing account of the supreme position of 
 the French ambassador at the Porte, not only in the 16th 
 century, but in the reign of Louis XIV. After stating that 
 for long all other European nations were under the protection 
 of the French flag, and not only Europeans but all the 
 Christians of the Turkish Empire (which was certainly the 
 case in the 16th and beginning of the 17th centuries, before 
 the same power of protection had been inserted in the 
 English " capitulations "), he goes on to say : 
 
 " Des provinces, des nations entieres furent nioralement 
 demembrees de 1' empire turc, annexees au protectorat franais 
 . . . L'ambassadeur de France etait vraiment un vice- 
 empereur de 1'Orient, le grand-vizir des Chretiens. ... Si 
 le moindre de ses privileges etait meconnu, fut-ce par un 
 des ministres du sultan, 1'ambassadeur se rendait justice lui- 
 meme, au besoin par les armes, comme le comte de Ferriol 
 en 1699. . . . Un jour 1'ambassadeur d' Angleterre essaie 
 de pretendre au moins a 1' egalite ; . . . le vizir Kupruli 
 le prend par les epaules et le repousse brutalement, lui 
 demandant ' qui 1' avait rendu si hardi de prendre la place 
 de 1' ambassadeur de France.' ' 
 
 I have given extracts of this passage at some length, as 
 it is only fair to show both sides of the shield, but unless 
 things were very different during Beiidyshe's, and again, 
 later, during Sir John Finch's embassy, from what they were 
 during that of Lord Winchilsea, it would certainly seem that 
 the French ambassadors must, in their despatches, have 
 somewhat unduly magnified their powers. 
 
 Yet while Winchilsea rejoiced over the preponderance of 
 English influence for the moment, he saw well enough that
 
 XX111 
 
 at any time the tide might turn, and warned Lord Arlington 
 that although now out of favour if the French ambassador 
 followed the Court and spent money enough, he would probably 
 in time obtain all he desired. This was a propos of the import- 
 ance of the English ambassador being also at the Court to 
 protect English interests, especially as the Vizier had ordered 
 all the records relating to the various embassies to be 
 transferred to Adrianople, so that whenever they had to be 
 consulted the ambassador must either go or send. But visits 
 to the Court involved great expenses, and these Winchilsea 
 dared not incur unless with the sanction of either the Levant 
 Company or the King. 
 
 The justice of Winchilsea's warning as to Adrianople soon 
 appeared. The " protection of foreigners," as has been 
 already said, had by the present Sultan's " capitulations," 
 been granted to both French and English, but probably the 
 French had kept it more or less in their own hands until the 
 departure of Jean de la Haye in July, 1661. From that time 
 until November, 1665, there was no French minister at the 
 Porte, and the other powers had only envoys or residents 
 there, so that the protection of foreigners had fallen entirely 
 into Winchilsea's hands, and there he meant it to remain. 
 Hence his anxiety when he heard that the French ambassador 
 had gone to the Court. Very shortly afterwards he found 
 that La Haye was trying to get the coveted protection restored, 
 and his own protests were not only without result, but a fortnight 
 later he learnt that the tax paid by the French merchants 
 to the Porte was reduced from five per cent, to three, while 
 at Aleppo, the English, who had hitherto paid only three, 
 were now ordered to pay five and a half. 
 
 He wrote to Kiuprili and the other officers in language 
 moderate enough, saying that his master would certainly 
 resent being shown less respect than the enemies of the Porte, 
 but to his interpreter, Draperiis, then acting as his agent at 
 Adrianople, he expressed himself in much stronger terms, 
 desiring him to remind the Turkish officials of all that the 
 French had done in the past, and to inform them that if they 
 favoured only such as had done them mischief, the English 
 King, who was much more powerful by sea, and had better 
 men, would soon make them see that he could do them more 
 hurt ; and that though the English never began a breach, 
 yet they scorned those who abused them, and feared none 
 who did not love them. If the Turks thought France the 
 more considerable, they should at least wait until that nation 
 had beaten all the world. The English were now at war both 
 with French and Hollanders, and did not fear them " both 
 together," and if the Turks desired war, they should soon 
 " have their bellyful " (pp. 428, 429). 
 
 At the same time he wrote to Arlington, urging him at once 
 to send out a man of war and threatening letters, with 
 permission to himself to declare that unless the Turks would
 
 XXIV 
 
 respect his Majesty's capitulations, he had orders to return 
 home. To his cousin, Sir John Finch, he complained bitterly of 
 the Levant Company's parsimony. If he might have gone 
 to the Court and spent a few thousand dollars, he could have 
 prevented that being lost which he must now " play the after 
 game " to recover if he could ! 
 
 In this " state of war " not only between the French and 
 English nations but between their ambassadors, it is pleasant 
 to read that each party faithfully delivered to the other all 
 letters which came out for them by their rival's ships (p. 434). 
 There was talk a few months later of an ambassador being 
 received from the State of Genoa. La Haye protested, but 
 when he declared that if this were done he must return to 
 France he was curtly told that the Grand Signer gave him 
 free leave to go as far as hell itself. In January, 1667, the 
 Genoese arrived and was received. It now remained to be 
 seen, as Winchilsea wrote to his cousin, whether the Frenchman 
 would carry out his threat (pp. 442, 446, 447). 
 
 In spite of the Vizier's defiant message to the Signory of 
 Venice on his return from the wars, an attempt was shortly 
 made to put an end to the long continued struggle over Crete. 
 The Vizier and the Venetian " bailo," Balarino, met, and 
 negotiations were set on foot, but many difficulties arose, 
 and the business was laid aside. Three months later it was 
 taken up again, and Balarino was on his way to have another 
 interview with the Vizier when he died suddenly of heart 
 disease, in October, 1666 (pp. 430, 442). 
 
 Winchilsea had now come to the end of his five years' 
 engagement to the Levant Company, but for financial reasons 
 he decided to remain out a few years longer. He wished, 
 however, to return to England for a time to discuss matters 
 with the ministers and to look after his family affairs. As 
 his wife was with child, he could not take her with him, but 
 knew he might safely leave her in the charge of his faithful 
 secretary, Paul Rycaut. This scheme, however, came to 
 nothing, as he was warned by his friends in England that if 
 he returned he would certainly not be allowed to go out again. 
 He therefore sent Rycaut in his place. 
 
 In April, 1667, Lady Winchilsea had a very " dangerous 
 delivery " and was so ill that her husband decided to send 
 her to England as soon as she could safely travel, that he 
 might preserve " the brightest jewel " he or his family had 
 ever enjoyed. He also thought that no other could so 
 affectionately and well advocate his interests at Court, or 
 arrange marriages for their eldest son and daughter (p. 459). 
 
 About this time Winchilsea sent Sir John Finch an interesting 
 sketch of the situation as it then stood. Most people thought 
 that peace would shortly be made with Venice. Without 
 doubt, if the Venetians used their soldiers and officers well, 
 the Turks would " be fain to strike their top-sails," but it 
 was well known that the Venetian noblemen " distasted "
 
 XXV 
 
 all their generals and commanders. The Turkish Vizier 
 was a very wise and generous person and full of courage, 
 and if he had but commanded a well-disciplined army, and 
 had understood modern discipline, he would have been as 
 famous as any general in Europe. Many thought that 
 if the war in Crete were ended a new one would begin, 
 perhaps with Poland. The Turks knew that country to 
 be ill-fortified, poor, divided into factions, wasted by the 
 late wars and defended only by a discontented army ; 
 but they also knew that their invasion of it might reconcile 
 Muscovy and Poland and draw great wars upon themselves 
 and the Tartars, so it was not certain which course they would 
 take. They might, perhaps, first turn towards Persia, and by 
 weakening that country be more free afterwards to fall upon 
 Poland, for truly " their patience is much greater and their reach 
 far deeper than most princes in Christendom imagine " (p. 460). 
 
 At this juncture Winchilsea's attention was distracted 
 from public affairs by an unforeseen and startling family 
 event. Paul Rycaut returned to Constantinople in May, 1667, 
 but he did not come alone. He brought with him Winchilsea's 
 eldest son, Lord Maidstone, a lad in his teens, and the 
 unwelcome news that the boy had contracted a marriage 
 with a girl of whom his parents knew nothing at all. The 
 dismay of the father may easily be imagined. The marriage 
 of the eldest son of a peer was a matter for considerable 
 discussion and negotiation ; Lord Winchilsea was not a rich 
 man and had many children ; it was therefore very necessary 
 for his heir to make a good match. So far as the father could 
 learn from the son's explanations, the boy had been cajoled 
 into the marriage at a very early age and had never cohabited 
 with his wife. Under these circumstances, Winchilsea appealed 
 to his friends, and especially to Lord Chief Justice Bridgman, 
 to have the marriage annulled. 
 
 This, however, was not done. As regards lineage, the affair 
 proved not to be so bad as was feared, for the lady came of 
 an old family in Norfolk. We have no details as to what 
 happened except a letter from Nicholas Penning, head of 
 one of the great merchant houses of London, appealing to 
 Winchilsea on behalf of the young wife, who was a connexion 
 of his own, and, as he assured her reluctant father-in-law, 
 " very deserving " (p. 454). From this letter it is easy to 
 work out a confirmation of the statement in Collin's Peerage 
 that Lord Maidstone married the daughter of Thomas 
 Wyndham, Esq., of Felbrigge Hall. Penning speaks of her 
 as the daughter of his brother[-in-law] Mead's sister, by her 
 first husband, Judge Wyndham. The second wife of Thomas 
 Wyndham was Elizabeth, daughter of Sir John Mead of 
 Nortofts, Essex. He died in 1653, and she was now married 
 a second time to Sir Samuel Browne, Judge of Common Pleas. 
 
 His son's marriage finally decided Winchilsea, failing a 
 better employment, to remain in Turkey for at any rate two
 
 XXVI 
 
 years longer, in order to save a little more money. He asked 
 ^ Sir John Finch to speak to his brother, the Solicitor, about 
 the government of Tangier, which, as he heard, Lord Bellasis 
 intended to resign. If he could get that he would throw up 
 his appointment next day. In this same letter he suggested 
 a plan for securing to his cousin, if possible, the reversion 
 of the embassy on his own departure (pp. 4645). 
 
 Winchilsea's eldest daughter, Frances, was with her grand- 
 mother, the dowager Duchess of Somerset, in England. She 
 had now reached marriageable age and her father was much 
 troubled how to find sufficient money for her portion. He 
 contrived, however, to give her 5,OOOZ. and hoped that her 
 grandmother's good management would be able to arrange 
 a fitting match upon these terms " with any family of estate 
 and honour." 
 
 To the Duchess herself he wrote at length on the subject, 
 recalling to her mind how he came to be in so poor a plight. 
 The debts contracted for the late King and spent for his service 
 during the rebellion had crippled his estate. Many who 
 had neither spent so much money nor brought so many men 
 into the field had been well provided for at home, whilst he 
 had been obliged to live amongst barbarians and endure 
 hazards and troubles innumerable. He explained how he 
 meant to raise the 5,0001. for his daughter, when her Grace 
 " should marry her," which considering his condition was a 
 great portion ; but he was willing to suffer a great deal " for 
 so good a child " (pp. 470, 1). 
 
 In August, 1667, Lord Winchilsea lost an old and dear friend 
 by the death of his brother-in-law, Lord Treasurer Southampton, 
 endeared to him, as he said, " with all ties imaginable of 
 affection and alliance " (p. 472), and this trial was shortly 
 followed by a separation from his wife and little ones. At 
 this time he had decided not to send them to England, the 
 seas being " made dangerous by the wars," and he himself 
 reluctant to deprive himself of his chief consolation in Turkey, 
 but in the autumn his wife had another illness, and he 
 determined to let her go. She went by way of Smyrna, where 
 Paul Rycaut was now consul. On hearing of her approach 
 he hastened to set out with a strong escort in order to guard 
 her from the robber bands with which the country was infested. 
 He met her somewhere north of Mandragoria and brought 
 her safely past two robber companies, and so to Smyrna, 
 near which place she was met by all the English, French 
 and Dutch merchants, entering the city escorted by two 
 hundred and fifty horse, while all the ships in the Road fired 
 their guns to welcome her. Here she and her children remained 
 as Rycaut's honoured guests, waiting for a ship, and being 
 incidentally the cause of some quarrelling between the various 
 consuls, until December 7, when she sailed for Europe. She 
 had a weary and tedious* voyage, but on reaching the Thames 
 received a hearty welcome from her husband's old friend,
 
 xxvh 
 
 Henry Howard of Norfolk, who escorted her to London. 
 Here she was met by the surprising news that her husband 
 had been recalled and that Sir Daniel Harvey was only waiting 
 for a ship in order to go out to take his place (p. 504). 
 
 Shortly after his wife's departure from Constantinople 
 Lord Winchilsea was entertained at a great banquet by the 
 Dutch Resident, to celebrate the conclusion of peace between 
 Holland and England. The feast lasted three days, and to 
 emphasise the honour to England, the French ambassador 
 was not invited to it. This latter was very angry, and rather 
 foolishly the Dutch Resident went to him to excuse what 
 he meant to do, " but was so unhappy as to find him 
 with a cane in his hand, wherewith he was well beaten " 
 (p. 488). Winchilsea was very wishful to return the compliment 
 paid him by the Dutch, but did not dare to do so without the 
 Company's permission. This he begged Morice to obtain, 
 but the secretary found them quite inexorable and their 
 purse " to have no more ears than the proverb relates the 
 belly to have " (pp. 503, 4). 
 
 On December 23, 1667, Lord Arlington despatched to the 
 Earl his Majesty's orders to return, giving only as the reason 
 that the King believed his domestic affairs at home required 
 his presence. A further letter, enclosing the King's formal 
 revocation, was sent on January 17. That is, the letter is 
 so dated, but either its despatch was delayed, it took an 
 abnormal time to reach Constantinople, or Winchilsea strangely 
 delayed his reply, for it is endorsed as answered on December 
 28, nearly a year after it was written. He had, however, 
 received Arlington's letter in March, to which he replied that 
 he could not help some surprise on receiving the orders for 
 his return, as he " thought of nothing less," but cheerfully 
 submitted to his Majesty's pleasure. In a letter written at 
 the same time to one of the Turkey Company, he said he 
 thought " some had been too busy " in hastening his revocation, 
 but he did not mean to let the fact of its being anticipated 
 by a few months trouble him (p. 499). 
 
 Indeed, on the whole he seems to have been relieved, albeit 
 rather offended, by the recall, and shortly wrote again to 
 Arlington that he was " crucified in an earnest expectation " 
 of his successor's arrival, that he might hasten away ; and 
 again, that it was infinitely pleasing to him to return home 
 (pp. 508, 517). 
 
 It was not, however, until the end of November 1668 that he 
 heard of Harvey's arrival at Smyrna, to whom he at once 
 wrote a friendly letter of welcome. The two men were 
 connexions by marriage, Winchilsea's cousin, Sir Heneagc, 
 having married Harvey's sister. The new ambassador had 
 suggested that the Earl might return in the ship in which he 
 himself had come out, but Winchilsea explained to him that 
 such prompt proceedings were impossible. The English 
 King's letters must be delivered to Sultan and Vizier before
 
 x xxvm 
 
 licence to depart could be obtained, and the Court was " errant 
 and far away." 
 
 But more and more he began to rejoice at the thoughts of 
 his freedom. The years of his exile had been harassed by 
 illness and saddened by the death of his little daughter, but 
 these things he accepted as from the hand of God. But to 
 be bound by the humours of the merchant ; to be at the 
 beck and call of men who knew no interest but that of their 
 company, was too hard for one who was born to serve his 
 King. Plague, earthquake and loneliness ; fires and avanias ; 
 " indecency of religion," pride of the Residents, thieving of 
 servants, impertinence of Turks and stupidity of Greeks : 
 were not these " spurs to a gentleman to make his escape " 
 as quickly as he might ? To speak in the fashion of the country, 
 he was leaving purgatory for paradise. His great desire was 
 to travel. He envied the Grand Duke of Tuscany, who was 
 going thus to study " in the great book of the world," and 
 hoped he need not throw all thoughts to the wind of doing 
 so himself (p. 518). 
 
 This is the Earl's last letter from Pera, as contained in this 
 volume, but from the State Papers we learn that he had to 
 wait several weeks longer before he could get permission to 
 depart. He had made up his mind to go overland, and wrote 
 that he was accustoming himself to sleep on the ground, as 
 he did not believe he should ever lie on a bed until he reached 
 Vienna. This he did not mind, but how he was to stand the 
 hot stoves and feather beds in Germany he did not know ! 
 His successor, Harvey, said he rather doubted whether 
 Winchilsea's determination would hold out, and so it proved. 
 There came a spell of very bad weather ; rain and snow and 
 floods made the roads almost impassable ; news came of 
 plague in Hungary, and just then an English ship appeared 
 in the port, about to sail for Smyrna. This decided the matter 
 and Winchilsea set sail in her. By way of Smyrna and Malta 
 he reached Italy, spent some little time in that country and 
 then pursued his journey home. 
 
 Looking at Winchilsea's obiter dicta concerning the Turks, 
 the main feature that strikes one, as might be expected, is 
 the thirst .for money, the all pervading greed of gold, from the 
 highest to the lowest. Over and over again he emphasises 
 the fact ; nothing can be done without money, nothing effected 
 save by presents and bribery. The Sultan demanded large 
 payments for offices, and great entertainments and presents 
 from his officers. These officers viziers, bashas, cadis and 
 the rest in their turn robbed and spoiled the people to get 
 the money to meet these demands, and to fill their own purses 
 besides (p. 319). Of the enormous riches gathered and hoarded 
 by the great officials, an example will be found on p. 282. 
 The owner fell into disgrace and was beheaded and the Sultan 
 seized the whole. The main idea of the Turk as regards 
 property was to hoard it. Each Sultan, we are told,
 
 XXIX 
 
 accumulated immense treasures and these remained intact, 
 never being touched by his successors. When another official, 
 the Master of the Masons, was put to death, 500,000 dollars 
 were found in his house. By which, as Winchilsea wrote, 
 " we may see the strange covetousness of the Turks, who are 
 the most greedy in the world of gain and the most uncertain 
 of its enjoyment " (p. 198). 
 
 Next to their love of gain came their superstition, but 
 the instances given might well be matched in the beliefs of 
 our Western nations of that day. Alarm and prediction of 
 change arising from a sword seen across the moon, a fiery 
 meteor in the form of a lance hurling itself into the Sultan's 
 garden, or a strange comet ; hopes fed by old prophecies ; 
 belief that too much indulgence to those of an alien creed 
 has been the cause of failure, fires and pestilence such 
 " superstitions " as these were not confined to the followers 
 of the Prophet. 
 
 On the other hand, Winchilsea pays a tribute to their 
 endurance in obedience to the severe laws of their religion, 
 as, for instance, their abstinence during the fast of Ramazan, 
 when " they cannot eat or drink from sun rising to its setting," 
 which in the heat of summer is no small torment. 
 
 Moreover, the position of the women was not so hard as was 
 generally supposed. A man might have many wives, but 
 he was bound to treat them all equally in all points, and if 
 he failed to do so a woman might leave her husband. It is 
 not, however, explained what in that case she could do with 
 her freedom (p. 523). 
 
 Winchilsea repeatedly contrasts the Turks of his time with 
 those of former days, always to the disadvantage of the present. 
 " In former times, offices were not exposed for sale, but merit 
 and deserts acquired the honours." Also so many of the 
 Sultan's subjects had fled or dispersed themselves that the 
 revenue was greatly diminished and many new and heavy 
 taxes had been laid upon the people. 
 
 Above all, the Turkish army was not what it had formerly 
 been. Both spam's and janissaries (horse and foot), enervated 
 by a long peace, had become effeminate, mutinous and wanting 
 in experience of war (p. 240). Men of great spirit, good soldiers, 
 ambitious and eager for great enterprises had mostly been cut 
 off by the older Kiuprili, in his jealousy of all who might prove 
 his rivals. The spam's of Asia, lacking the allowances which 
 used to be given them, were no longer able to provide their 
 horses and arms, and so absented themselves, " by which means 
 the Turks' army is much inferior to those multitudes which 
 former histories tell of " (p. 322). 
 
 Yet the material was good, if only they had been disciplined. 
 No Christian army, Winchilsea declared, could live upon so 
 little meat as these do, and drink only a little water, and yet 
 be strong and lusty. Of the Illyrian bands, so highly extolled 
 by Tacitus, and of other Europeans, the Sultan had many
 
 XXX 
 
 thousands at his command, that could so well " endure hardy 
 blows " that they wanted nothing but order and good 
 government to make them the finest infantry in the world. 
 But then, as later, the great strength of Turkey lay in the vast 
 reinforcements she was able to pour in from her Asiatic 
 dominions. Time was always in her favour. The Turk was 
 infinitely patient, and Winchilsea quotes an old Turkish proverb 
 that " at the long run, the Grand Signer doth catch the hare 
 with a cart." 
 
 One source of strength they had lost at this time. In 
 the old days, the famed corps of the janissaries had been 
 largely recruited by Christian boys, kidnapped in their child- 
 hood, carefully trained and furnishing good and valiant soldiers. 
 But this practice had naturally been the cause of great 
 indignation and discontent amongst the Sultan's European 
 subjects, and had been discontinued. Now, however, it was 
 proposed to revive it, to supply the dearth from other sources. 
 
 Altogether, the Empire seemed to Winchilsea, even in those 
 days which, looked back upon, appear so prosperous, to be 
 "in a tottering condition, and like the prophet's ripe fruit, 
 ready to fall into the mouths of them that shake them first." 
 Egypt was full of " discontents and flames " and Syria in 
 insurrection ; in Babylon a rebellion headed by the daring 
 Basha Mortazza only collapsed on his betrayal and death, 
 and Algiers was in a state of chronic mutiny. The Sultan 
 was too young and feeble to effect anything ; only the firm 
 rule of the Kiuprili, father and son, holding the rudder with a 
 steady hand, steered the ship of the great Empire clear of the 
 rocks which threatened it with shipwreck. 
 
 Of Winchilsea's private life, we only get incidental notices. 
 When he went to Turkey he was accompanied by his (2nd) 
 wife, Lady Mary Seymour, daughter of the Duke of Somerset, 
 but their five children, William, Heneage, Thomas, Frances 
 and Elizabeth, were left under the charge of their grandmother, 
 the dowager Duchess. They seem to have lived at Eastwell, 
 and their father sent home many directions, especially as to 
 the boys' " schooling." In Turkey more children were born, 
 and their father exerted himself to such good purpose that the 
 godfathers of the first of these were the King of England and the 
 Prince of Venice. He was therefore, naturally, named Charles 
 Mark. The second was " made a Christian " by the Emperor 
 and the Dutch republic, bearing the names Leopold William, 
 and being enthusiastically devoted by his father to the arms and 
 service of both countries. But the young Leopold's only 
 approach to a warlike career was when he captained a 
 company of Oxford scholars to oppose Monmouth's 
 rebellion, and he died as Warden of All Souls' College. 
 The third boy, Lesley, was called after Count Lesley, the 
 Imperial ambassador. The little Lady Mary died in Turkey 
 of the plague, to her father's great sorrow. Of the 
 elder children, Lord Maidstone, whose marriage has been
 
 xxxi 
 
 already mentioned, was killed in the action with the Dutch 
 in May, 1672 ; Heneage, the second son, succeeded his brother's 
 son as Earl of Winchilsea in 1712. Little Lady Betty died 
 while her parents were in Turkey. 
 
 For the rest, Lord Winchilsea showed the utmost loyalty 
 to the King, as might be expected from one who had taken 
 an active part on the royalist side in the Civil War. He was 
 equally loyal to the English Church, as shown by his letters 
 to the Bishop of London ; indeed his zeal sometimes outran 
 his discretion, as when he urged that the Bishop should take 
 means to provide that not only the chaplains of the Company, 
 but their ships' masters and officers should be obedient sons 
 of the Church of England. The Bishop in reply assured 
 Lord Winchilsea that he would take the utmost care in the 
 choice of chaplains, but feared he should hardly prevail with 
 the Company to use his advice in the choice of mates, pursers 
 and surgeons (pp. 321, 334). 
 
 The ambassador also did his utmost to help and protect 
 the Latin and Greek churches in the Ottoman dominions. 
 Both these had formerly been under the care of the French 
 ambassador, and the former, at any rate, might certainly 
 have been expected to remain so ; but for four years there 
 was no French resident at the Porte, and during this time 
 the Latin Fathers were grateful for the help willingly offered 
 them by Lord Winchilsea. This was especially the case with 
 the Guardians of the Holy Land and the Holy Sepulchre at 
 Jerusalem, who were going through very difficult times. 
 Their first appeal was for protection against the complaints 
 of some French travellers, who after behaving very insolently 
 in their church, threatened to go to Constantinople and make 
 such a " clamour " that the guardianship should be taken out 
 of their hands (pp. 113, 145), but this was only a passing breeze, 
 their main struggle being against the attempts of the Greek 
 church to deprive them of their rights and privileges. 
 
 In April, 1662, they sent a petition to the Grand Signor for 
 restoration of the Holy places which, as they stated, after 
 being in their hands for 350 years, had twenty-four years ago 
 been " usurped " from them by the Greeks, and for confirmation 
 of those still in their possession. The petition gives a most 
 interesting inventory of these Holy places, from which it 
 appears that they still held the convent of San Salvatore ; the 
 chapel called " del Passimo " adjoining Mount Calvary ; 
 the Holy Sepulchre of Our Lord with the chapel of the Angel ; 
 the Latin church within the Temple of the Holy Sepulchre, 
 with their habitations and galleries, the church of the Mag- 
 dalene &c. ; the place called the Invention of the Cross "where 
 St. Elena found it " ; the tombs of " Most Holy Mary," St. 
 Joachim, St. Anna and St. Joseph, in the valley of Jehoshaphat ; 
 the grotto in the garden of Gethsemane ; the convent of 
 St. Catherine at Bethlehem, with the grotto of the Innocents 
 and tombs of St. Jerome and other saints, and the convents
 
 XXX11 
 
 and hospices at Bethlehem and other places " which serve as 
 a comfort for the poor Christian pilgrims who come and go." 
 
 But the Greeks had " usurped " Mount Calvary, " with 
 the four arches, the hole of the Holy Cross and the place where 
 Christ our Lord was crucified," the galleries above and below 
 and the tombs of Godfrey of Bouillon and other Kings ; the 
 Copuleta of the Holy Sepulchre ; the stone of Unction, " where 
 Our Lord was anointed " ; the galleries or arches above the 
 prison of Christ &c. ; the grotto of the Holy Stable and the 
 great church above it ; the gardens called the " Citrangoli " 
 and other ancient tombs &c. 
 
 Moreover, they prayed that they might all Greeks and 
 Patins have their processions to the Holy Sepulchre on 
 Lalm Sunday and other days, and also that to Bethany, called 
 the " Procession of the Ass " ; that no one should molest 
 their interpreters, or prevent them from following the Roman 
 rite or that which they pleased ; that when poor pilgrims reached 
 Jerusalem they might enter freely "with their money" and go 
 out to make their devotions at the Holy places, as to sleep 
 on Mount Olivet on the night of the Ascension and in the 
 Sepulchre of the Holy Virgin on the day of the Assumption ; 
 also to the house of her Nativity, the Church of the Nativity 
 of St. John Baptist " on the mountain of Judea." in Bethany 
 at the Tomb of Lazarus and elsewhere. It does not appear 
 that these privileges had been actually taken from them ; 
 rather that they wished a new confirmation of them. But 
 they prayed that they might have again their Convent of the 
 Nativity of St. John Baptist, which by the barbarity of the 
 Arabs was abandoned and destroyed (except the church) ; that 
 they might repair the great wooden church at Bethlehem, 
 now in the hands of the Greeks and half ruined, " to the great 
 regret not only of the Christians but of the Turks " (p. 191), 
 and build up other churches and convents in danger of ruin ; 
 that when they asked the officials of the Holy Sepulchre to 
 open it they might not be denied ; that the said officials might 
 not hinder the burial of any of the Fathers, or claim the money 
 of any pilgrim who died ; that certain churches should be 
 exempt from the visitation of the officers of the Basha of 
 Damascus ; that the Basha and Cadi should not take by force 
 their provisions or other property or claim more than the 
 ordinary customs ; and that no credit should be given to any 
 orders issued against them " unless the person is ready to 
 answer for it at the Porte." This petition the Fathers sent 
 by two of themselves, with a letter to Winchilsea, praying 
 for his protection and assistance, and they also sent him 
 models of the Great Temple of the Holy Sepulchre and the 
 Church at Bethlehem. The gift was small in itself, Father 
 Velles, the guardian, wrote, but the wood was grown in the 
 Holy Land, and in the model were represented all the holy 
 places of Mount Calvary, the sepulchre of the Blessed Virgin, 
 all the parts of the brook Kedron and the valley of Jehoshaphat,
 
 XXX111 
 
 and the manger of Bethlehem. One may imagine with what 
 pleasure Winchilsea, who was always on the look out for 
 " antiquities," would receive so interesting a gift (pp. 190-193). 
 Indeed, he thought the models so valuable, both for what 
 they represented and for their exquisite workmanship, that he 
 sent them to the King. But he was obliged to tell the Fathers 
 that during the rule of the present Vizier, who was a sworn 
 enemy of the Christians, he saw no chance of making a claim 
 upon the places usurped by the Greeks ; for, he continued, " it 
 will be as much as we can do to keep the privileges and churches 
 which are still held," until a time shall come " when I might 
 with better success give proof of my devotion to the Holy 
 Land " (p. 203). In looking into the matter he found another 
 obstacle, viz. that the protection of those places was not 
 mentioned in the English capitulations, for which cause a 
 brother was being sent to the Fathers to consider how this 
 difficulty might be removed (p. 218). Apparently it was 
 got over in some way, for a few months later Winchilsea 
 distinctly stated that he was protector of the Holy Land. 
 
 In February, 1665, Fra Francesco Maria Polezzi succeeded 
 Fra Eusebius Velles as Guardian, and wrote once and again 
 to Winchilsea, begging him to continue his protection and 
 favour and to support their claim for the restitution of the Holy 
 Manger and Mount Calvary. Soon afterwards, Sir Philip 
 Mathews, whose roving fancy, as he said, drove him to caminar 
 il mondo, went to Jerusalem and was cordially received by the 
 Fathers on Wincliilsea's account, " whom they acknowledged 
 as their sole protector and benefactor." The Greeks were, 
 he declared, " continually coining new inventions to perplex 
 the poor Franciscans," and another envoy was about to be 
 sent to Constantinople to implore the ambassador's further 
 aid. Some difficulty about money matters seems also to 
 have been submitted to him, for in December, 1665, he wrote 
 to the Guardian that he had referred the difference concerning 
 his salary to arbitrators and doubted not but the Holy Land 
 would receive just satisfaction. The last letter in this 
 connexion is one from the Guardian, written in the 
 autumn of 1668, when the young Lord Maidstone made 
 a journey to the Holy Land. His Reverence greatly wished 
 that it had been Lord Winchilsea himself, but that being 
 impossible, heartily welcomed his son, and only regretted 
 that in conformitj^ with his Lordship's strict command, their 
 young guest was to be received and treated merely as a pilgrim, 
 instead of with the due observance which they would have 
 liked to show him. It is rather a curious commentary upon 
 this that Sir Daniel Harvey, Winchilsea's successor at 
 Constantinople, wrote to England that Lord Maidstone had 
 spent such very large sums in the Holy Land as to seriously 
 discompose his father (see S.P. Turkey, vol. xix). 
 
 Owing probably to a desire not to interfere with the 
 prerogatives of the French ambassador, a clause had been 
 
 Wt. 29495. KI c
 
 XXXIV 
 
 put into Winchilsea's instructions that he was to favour the 
 Greek church rather than the Latin. He evidently wrote 
 to say that by this means the princes of Western Europe were 
 " disobliged," for at the end of 1663 Bennet transmitted the 
 King's consent that henceforward he should do what appeared 
 best in the matter. In the following year there was a quarrel 
 between the two churches in the island of Scio, the Greek 
 bishop proceeding in a very high-handed manner, without 
 permission or consent of his superior, the Patriarch of 
 Constantinople. Winchilsea sent a narrative of the dispute 
 to England, which is in the letter book, but is merely mentioned 
 in this report, as there is a copy of it in 8. P. Turkey. 
 
 From this narrative it appears that the Greek " Metropolite " 
 had surreptitiously obtained an order from the Turkish Court 
 that the Latin bishop was to have no further jurisdiction 
 over those in his own church ; that no sacrament, even 
 matrimony, should be celebrated, no priest ordained, no 
 person buried, without express licence from the Metropolite. 
 Moreover, the latter took possession of most of the Latin 
 churches, demanded an account of all profits received by 
 the Latin bishop, and then bid him depart and leave his flock 
 to the Greek jurisdiction. 
 
 Both parties adjourned to Adrianople to lay their cause 
 before the Sultan, where the Greek accusing his Latin brother 
 of such correspondence with the Pope and Western Princes 
 as was very dangerous to the Turks so wrought upon the 
 deputy of the Vizier and other officials at the Court that the 
 Latin bishop and three of his companions were committed to 
 prison and to chains for fifteen days, and were only released 
 and left in the enjoyments of their rights and privileges by 
 spending 15,000 dollars on presents and other charges. 
 
 And in spite of the judgment so dearly bought for 
 Winchilsea's share in obtaining which they offered him their 
 profound gratitude when they returned to 'Scio, the local 
 authorities, " bribed by much money," gave judgment in 
 favour of their adversaries, who seized their churches, 
 demolished their altars and broke in pieces and flung into 
 the streets their pictures and images. Fresh appeals to the 
 ambassador resulted in renewed orders from Turkey, and 
 their churches were yielded up to them, but they complained 
 that the Greeks still tried in every way to injure them. There 
 seems to have been some other Greek priest who was urging 
 on the Metropolite, for they wrote that the bishop was 
 returning with " maledetto papa," and that as long as this 
 latter remained, the Latin rite would never have quiet. Upon 
 this, Winchilsea sent his secretary to the Patriarch, who by 
 no means approved of his Metropolite's proceedings, and 
 at once promised to do all he could to avert further trouble 
 (p. 368). Winchilsea appears to have had a very real reverence 
 and affection for the Patriarch or " Suffragan Patriarch," 
 as on one occasion he is called, and had lately lent him his
 
 XXXV 
 
 house. When the Latin bishop was set at liberty the Patriarch 
 wrote expressing his satisfaction, and also thanking the Earl 
 for his hospitality, to which Winchilsea replied that it was 
 a great joy to him that his Eminence had " found refuge " 
 in his house, which would ever " remain the more blessed 
 by the abode there of so holy a prelate " (p. 329). 
 
 The Bishop of Scio and his assistants wrote to thank 
 Winchilsea for what he had wrought with the Patriarch on 
 their behalf, stating that they had noted his Excellency's 
 care of them to the Congregation of the Propaganda Fide ; 
 they also sent offerings of oranges, honey, plants and aqua 
 di scorso nera as a small token of gratitude for his protection, 
 under which they now lived in safety, and in him alone (after 
 God) put their hopes for a final good end of the controversy 
 (pp. 371, 376). In further gratitude, prayers were continually 
 sung in their churches for his health, happiness and prosperity 
 (p. 383). It was probably in consequence of what the Bishop of 
 Scio had told them that when the Congregation of the Propa- 
 ganda Fide sent a " vicario patriarcale " to Constantinople, 
 Cardinal Barberini recommended him especially to Winchilsea's 
 good offices and protection. 
 
 Winchilsea's interest in " rarities " and antiquities comes out 
 in many ways. The Patriarch of Constantinople gave him a 
 copy of the "Greek Evangelists," the ancientest which he could 
 " with the most diligent inquisition and scrutiny procure 
 in any of the monasteries or churches of Greece." In the 
 first instance, the ambassador intended this for the King, 
 or if found not " worthy," then for his library at East well. 
 The volume, however, found a more fitting resting-place. 
 Lord Chancellor Clarendon had shown himself very friendly \ 
 to Winchilsea concerning his office of Lord Lieutenant of_^ 
 
 t, and as an acknowledgment of this Sir Heneage Finch 
 suggested that the book should be sent to him. Clarendon 
 accepted the " precious book " very gratefully, saying that 
 it enabled him to be a benefactor to the University library 
 at Oxford, where it was placed with " just solemnity and 
 acknowledgments of his lordship's goodness."' 
 
 Later, he sent Clarendon " the manuscript of St. Gregory's 
 works," which a very good scholar, after spending four days 
 upon it, declared to be very fit for the University library, 
 but " another, more experienced in the hand and the language, 
 found great defects in it, and many leaves wanting in several 
 places." Clarendon therefore kept this volume himself 
 (pp. 186, 225, 227, 256, 358). 
 
 * The letters on this subject have shed light upon an interesting point. 
 The editor is indebted to Mr. Falconer Madan, Bodley's Librarian, for the 
 following note : "This is the manuscript now marked Bodl. MS. A net. D. 
 infra 2.12 in Coxe's Catalogue of our Greek MSS., Codex Misc. 10. It is an 
 Evangelistarium, i.e. not a text of the Gospels but the liturgical lessons taken 
 from the Gospels, and is not older than the 13th century. But we did not 
 know its provenance, and had only estimated that it came in shortly before 
 1665. See Macray's Annate of the Bodleian, 2nd ed. p. 133."
 
 XXXVI 
 
 Amongst other curiosities sent by him as presents to his 
 friends, Winchilsea mentions " an eagle's stone " from the Lybian 
 desert, of great virtue and rarity, and a mummy from Grand 
 Cairo (to be offered either to the King or Clarendon). He 
 gratefully acknowledges some silver coins given to him by the 
 Prince of Wallachia, which being " antique and ancient " 
 were most welcome to him ; and gives commissions to his 
 cousin, Sir John Finch, to purchase pictures, statues and 
 medals for him in Italy. To Sir George Oxinden, at Surat, 
 he sent a list of many rarities which he desired to have : 
 cups from China, lacquer work from Japan and antidotes 
 for poison and fevers from India, especially the " root of 
 Bengal " i.e. of the yellow zedoary, a plant whose root 
 resembles ginger. He mentions this root in another letter, 
 saying that the former Turkish ambassador to the Mogul 
 had given him a sort of rotten wood, " rarely found swimming 
 in a river in India, which he calls pancher." It is oderiferous, 
 very light, and taken like " sneezing powder " once a year 
 prevents the plague, besides being good against all fevers and 
 poisons. " The Jesuits call it not rotten wood, but the root 
 of Bengala " (p. 451). And amongst other products of the East, 
 Winchilsea had " a particular liking to that drink which they 
 call tea," and begged Oxinden to send him as much as would 
 serve two persons for a year, or, if it would keep, for two years, 
 with the best receipt how to make it and the vessels to make 
 it and drink it in. Two years later, as the much coveted tea 
 had not arrived, he renewed his request, particularly asking 
 that the " instruments " necessary for making it might be 
 " of that metal which is like copper, but hath no smell and 
 is more precious " (pp. 397, 487). 
 
 There are many letters from Winchilsea to the commissioners 
 of his estates, giving directions for planting, stocking &c. 
 (see Index, under Finch, Heneage, Earl of Winchilsea, estates 
 of) ; in one of his letters he gives particular directions for 
 planting of whitethorn, " to harbour birds." 
 
 An important series of the letters in this collection is that 
 relating to the proceedings of the Levant or Turkey Company 
 and their factors in the East. The " out " letters of the 
 Company are calendared amongst the Domestic State Papers, 
 but much light is thrown upon them by Winchilsea's corres- 
 pondence with the consuls and merchants of Aleppo and Smyrna. 
 
 Perpetual disputes arose between the Company and the 
 factors over the question of dues and consulage. Winchilsea, 
 on arriving at Constantinople, was instructed from home to 
 give strict orders that all ships' masters and merchants should 
 " declare their entries " a proceeding upon oath when 
 no doubt could arise as to the proper payments. Similar 
 instructions were sent to the consuls at Smyrna and Aleppo. 
 
 These two places were the chief consulates in the Levant ; 
 of great commercial importance, as the meeting places of the 
 trade of the East and of the West.
 
 XXX Vll 
 
 To them came the great caravans from Persia and the Red 
 Sea ; to them came also the ships from Europe, bringing the 
 merchandise of the- Western States, especially of England, 
 France and Holland. And over the mixed population of many 
 different nations were placed Turkish officials judges, customs 
 officers, and the rest, whose one effort was to make the foreign 
 Christians pay as much as could possibly be extracted from 
 them. Their contributions to the Turkish Exchequer were 
 too valuable for them to be actively ill-treated, and although, 
 now and again, religious zeal and race hatred brought about 
 disturbances, for the most part the complaints of the foreign 
 officials and traders were not against cruelty but against greed 
 and extortion. 
 
 In October, 1660, one Richard Baker was appointed consul 
 at Smyrna by the Company, with whom the factory was at 
 that time in very ill-favour owing to their " egregious abuses 
 in defrauding the Company of their dues." The consul and 
 factors were speedily at issue over the question of the 
 right of the former to place and displace the dragomen or 
 interpreters. Baker claimed and exercised it, supporting 
 himself by Sir Thos. Bendyshe's proceedings in a like case. 
 Most of the factory vehemently demanded their re-instatement, 
 but a few of the more influential merchants took his part, and 
 Walter Coventry, the treasurer of the factory, emphatically 
 endorsed the Consul's statement that the real reason for the 
 opposition was that he was trying to carry out the Company's 
 orders and insist upon the payment of their dues. Many 
 of the factors refused to swear to the amount of their entries, 
 one of the resisters declaring that no one would do it without 
 a consideration. To this, Baker replied that those who swore 
 for money " were knights of the past, and were to be found in 
 St. Paul's," which, translated into plain English, appears to mean, 
 notorious perjurers, who had stood in the pillory at St. Paul's. 
 
 Throughout the dispute, Lord Winchilsea's sympathies 
 seem, rather curiously, to have been on the side of the merchants. 
 Nothing said by Baker against the King is ever quoted, but 
 there appears to have been some suspicion of his loyalty, for a 
 merchant at Aleppo, who had been in arms for the late King, 
 wrote of him as " a mongrel who had been in with all those 
 who were uppermost and was employed by Cromwell in several 
 occasions." (p. 165). This may account for the Earl's attitude 
 towards him. 
 
 As friction still continued, the ambassador sent one of his 
 secretaries, Anthony Isaacson, to Smyrna, to '" close up the 
 breaches," but after his arrival, things were worse than before, 
 and Isaacson coolly wrote to his master that, although the 
 consul would be heartily glad to come to an agreement, this 
 might be awkward for his lordship afterwards, and he, there- 
 fore, thought it better to " keep the wound open." 
 
 More accusations against the consul followed. Presently 
 there ensued the result for which the new-comer was probably
 
 XXXV1U 
 
 working. Winchilsea deposed Baker and appointed Isaacson 
 in his stead. Baker at once obeyed the ambassador's fiat, 
 and sent him a rather dignified letter. " Your Excellency's 
 warrant was notified me," he wrote, " and Mr. Isaacson is in 
 my place." But he demanded to know the proofs against 
 him, and the names of his accusers, seeing that the very 
 Inquisition itself never admitted the evidence of any man 
 " of propense malice " or whose own interest was concerned 
 (p. 132). Almost the first thing that Isaacson asked Winchilsea 
 after his appointment was whether he might write himself 
 " consul for Ms Majesty," as he heard other consuls had done. 
 This was one of the very things complained of in Baker, on 
 the ground that it was unprecedented. 
 
 In August, Baker resolved to go to Constantinople to make 
 a personal appeal to Winchilsea, but was prevented by an 
 attack of fever (p. 144). 
 
 Letters had by this time come to the ambassador, evidently 
 remonstrating upon his conduct, for he wrote defending it, 
 both to Clarendon and the Council ; assuring them that he 
 had not acted from passion or malice, but " to vindicate the 
 King's honour, impugned by reflections on his ambassador " 
 and to satisfy the merchants, who declared that their trade 
 would be ruined and their quiet dissolved unless Baker was 
 removed. He had, therefore, sent a warrant for him to be 
 shipped to England. 
 
 But the contents of the warrant were divulged to Baker, 
 and before there was time to execute it, he fled. Isaacson 
 did his utmost to find him, promising himself the pleasure of 
 being " as severe as possible," but his efforts were in vain. 
 Rumours of Baker's death soon reached Smyrna, and eventually 
 Isaacson learnt that, on the arrival of Winchilsea' s warrant, the 
 Dutch consul and merchants had arranged for their janissary 
 to escort him to Settalia, where he was to be under the protection 
 of the French. He was ill. as he had told Winchilsea, before 
 he started, during his six days' journey often complained 
 of pain, and died only a few hours after reaching his 
 destination. 
 
 On October, 21, the Levant Company wrote letters to Lord 
 Winchilsea, Baker, and the factory. 
 
 To the ambassador they said that they regretted his having 
 removed Baker, whose faithfulness to the Company in levying 
 their dues was the cause of the " exclamations " against him. 
 He held his place under the Great Seal, and they desired 
 Winchilsea to restore him and to revoke the grant to Isaacson, 
 whom they would neither acknowledge nor pay. If however, 
 he had been guilty of any crime " capital " against the King, 
 he was to be sent home to be tried, and his accusers with him ; 
 and in this case, Samuel Taylor (one of the Baker party), not 
 Isaacson, was to act as vice-consul. Last, but not least, they 
 desired Winchilsea not to meddle with the appointment of 
 consuls ; and in so saying, it would seem that they were
 
 xxxix 
 
 within their rights, as in his agreement with them, these 
 appointments were expressly reserved to themselves. 
 
 To Baker they wrote that they had done what they could 
 to justify him, but feared he must have been guilty of some 
 " slight " which had provoked the ambassador. They had 
 directed his restitution, but on condition of his showing due 
 respect to his lordship in future. 
 
 As regards the revolting factors, the Company pronounced 
 judgment against them on every count. Those who had 
 appealed from the Company to the ambassador, and petitioned 
 for Baker's removal, were to be suspended from sitting in 
 court or any public meeting, and the ring-leaders to suffer 
 exemplary punishment ; the dragomen were to be finally 
 dismissed, no moneys were to be voted away at the factors' 
 pleasure, and, as already said. Isaacson, who had fomented 
 rather than composed their differences, was to be absolutely 
 set aside. (See Cat. S.P. Dom., 1661-2, pp. 117, 118). There 
 are no copies of these letters in the Finch collection, but it is 
 necessary to draw attention to their contents, in order to explain 
 what followed. 
 
 A few days later, they wrote again, ordering the oaths they 
 had sent out to be duly administered, upon pain of loss of 
 employment by the factor refusing to take them, and heavy 
 fines upon his principal in England. Sam. Taylor was to be 
 treasurer, and Mr. Death, who had succeeded to Coventry's 
 place, was to render up his accounts to him (p. 163). Isaacson 
 protested that his only crime had been that he had obeyed the 
 ambassador's commands, and seized upon the weak point in 
 the Company's case when he said, that if the factors might 
 never appeal to the ambassador without the Company's licence, 
 it would follow that even if a consul betrayed the factory to 
 the Turks, the merchants must write home to the Company, 
 and for long weeks be involved in misery and trouble. 
 
 Winchilsea suspected that the disturbances in Smyrna had 
 been contrived by a party of the merchants in England, who 
 wished to turn out some of the factors in order to bring in 
 their sons and relations ; and that the governor of the Company 
 was influenced " by a lord who himself had some design upon 
 the Turkish embassy." The first of these suppositions does 
 not seem probable, as there can be little doubt that the cause 
 of the uproar was Baker's endeavour to enforce the dues 
 which the merchants had hitherto successfully evaded paying ; 
 but there may have been a feeling against some of the older 
 factors, as in the renewed charter granted by Charles II, a 
 fresh clause had been inserted, that none but sons or servants 
 of freemen of the Company should have liberty to reside as 
 merchants or factors in any part of the Turkish or Venetian 
 dominions, and probably not all the men there came under 
 this denomination, although most of them certainly did, 
 as may be seen by looking at the lists of names (pp. 148, 
 169).
 
 xl 
 
 Throughout his embassy Lord Winchilsea was greatly 
 hampered by the orders of the Company that no charges 
 were to be incurred without special order from them, unless 
 they were accustomed, necessary or unavoidable. Unfor- 
 fortunately, many things that the ambassador considered 
 necessary and unavoidable were not held to be so by the 
 Company, the consequence being that he had to undertake 
 the charges with the probability that they would protest 
 against them, and the possibility that they would refuse to 
 pay them. The alternative to apply to the Company for 
 orders was usually quite out of the question, as long before 
 an answer could be received, the crisis would have passed. 
 
 The Company now sent the same orders round to the con- 
 sulates, with the result that Taylor, the newly appointed 
 treasurer at Smyrna, was so bewildered by being " ensnared 
 in bonds " hitherto unknown, and so terrified with the 
 thoughts of acting without the Company's orders, that he 
 resigned his post (p. 195). 
 
 When the Levant Company heard of Baker's death, they 
 appointed one William Cave to succeed him. The new consul 
 left England on Feb. 11, and was able to announce his 
 safe arrival at Smyrna on March 11, 1662. Isaacson had 
 gone back to Pera on being superseded, and now returned to 
 England, with warm recommendations to Sir Andrew Riccard, 
 governor of the Company, from Lord Winchilsea, for his 
 prudent, just and active discharge of his office, there being 
 nothing the ambassador declared -to be objected against 
 him save that he was appointed by himself (p. 184). 
 
 The Company had demanded or so it was believed that 
 the factors should sign a " recantation "' for having, sent 
 a petition to Winchilsea against Baker. They now however, 
 stated to the ambassador that they were not displeased 
 with the factors for petitioning, " this being a usual thing," 
 but for their attempt to violate the Company's privileges (p. 187). 
 
 In June, a quarrel occurred between certain Turks of the 
 Captain Basha's (i.e. Admiral's) galley, and some of the 
 Smyrna merchants, who, being assaulted by them, were 
 afterwards unjustly accused of being the aggressors and 
 condemned to pay above 2,000 dollars (p. 202). This they 
 endeavoured to recover from the Company ; but the answer 
 to their application was that the money must be paid by 
 those interested ; " who, if they will hunt, must do it at their 
 own risk " (see Cal S.P. Dom., 1662, Sept. 1). 
 
 Up to this point, the letters contain no notice of trouble 
 between the foreign factors at Smyrna and the Turkish 
 authorities, but from this time, apparently, matters did not 
 work so smoothly. 
 
 The chief Turkish officials with whom the " Franks " had 
 to do in Smyrna and Aleppo were the Bassa or Governor ; the 
 Cadi or judge and chief magistrate ; the Bassa's Chiau or 
 steward and the Ernin or customer. The Bassas, coming
 
 xli 
 
 direct from Constantinople, were usually pretty friendly, but 
 the Cadis were often high-handed and grasping, and gave 
 both consul and factories a great deal of trouble. The Emin 
 also, no doubt harried by those above him, was perpetually 
 struggling to get more than the fair dues from the stranger 
 merchants. And, added to this, was the ever present race 
 hatred and bitterness against the Christians and their religion. 
 The consuls seem to have done their utmost to keep themselves 
 and their factories out of hot water, and to work amicably 
 with the authorities, but now and again they were driven 
 to bay, appealed to their ambassador at Constantinople, and, 
 what the local authorities disliked very much, presumably 
 because it deprived them of their " dues," " battulated " 
 the factory ; i.e., shut up their houses and refused to do any 
 trade at all. 
 
 As Taylor persisted in his determination to resign the 
 treasurership, one Richard Mowse was sent out from England. 
 In the same letter which announced his appointment, the 
 Company sent orders to the Consul to demand " the oath " 
 anew from the factory. This led to renewed friction. The 
 terms of the new oath would appear to have been more stringent 
 than before, for one of the factors wrote that " as to taking 
 an oath to give true entries and pay the Company their duties," 
 he had done it before and would do it again ; " but to swear 
 to observe the Company's orders without limitation," he could 
 not do, and dared to swear they would account it an oppression 
 if the King exacted of them what they required of their factors. 
 (p. 307). 
 
 In August, 1663, Winchilsea sent his secretary, Paul Rycaut, 
 to England, to carry to the King the ratification whicli he had 
 obtained from the Sultan of the treaty concluded between 
 England and the Barbary States. In order to secure this 
 ratification, fhe ambassador had been obliged to make the 
 journey to Adrianople, the charges of which, including the 
 heavy item of " presents," amounted to a very large sum ; and 
 once again the question arose : by whom were these 
 " extraordinary expenses " to be paid ? 
 
 Rycaut was directed to ask the ministers, and especially 
 the Lord Treasurer (to whom Winchilsea also wrote at length 
 on the matter) to consider that the Adrianople journey was 
 undertaken by the King's command ; that all England was 
 concerned in the benefits of the peace, and that it was not 
 reasonable that the Levant Company should bear the whole 
 burden. He made repeated efforts to induce the Lord 
 Treasurer to provide the money, but his lordship curtly 
 replied that " to expect any such sum out of the King's 
 coffers were a folly and the prosecution of the business 
 a loss of time." He seemed, however, to approve of 
 Winchilsea's suggestion of a duty on the goods of all 
 ships trading to the Mediterranean, until the money was 
 re-imbursed.
 
 xlii 
 
 Then Rycaut went to a court of the Company. " Great 
 complaints they made, that their money should be spent 
 without their order," declaring that when the ambassador 
 received his instructions for the negotiations, he should have 
 sent home to know where the money might be levied, " rather 
 than to have used their estates for effecting what they never 
 desired, nor knew, nor consented unto." Rycaut replied 
 that his lordship had but obeyed the King's orders for the 
 journey, but was very sensible of the great charge it was to 
 them, and had instructed him to do his utmost to get it from 
 the Lord Treasurer. When he touched upon the proposal 
 for duties on the ships, they were all up in arms at once, desiring 
 him " to desist from that way," for impositions once laid on 
 were never taken off again. If he could procure the money 
 from the King's revenue, well and good ; but otherwise, the 
 remedy would be worse than the disease (p. 293). 
 
 Unfortunately for Winchilsea, the credit he had hoped to gain 
 by obtaining the Sultan's agreement to the peace with Algiers 
 was lost, for no sooner was the treaty signed than that 
 piratical people proceeded to violate its articles, and the 
 English ministers speedily came to the conclusion that the 
 only way to enforce their being kept was to send a fleet to 
 the Mediterranean (p. 294). The King, however, sent very 
 gracious messages to his ambassador, declaring that he had 
 acted " with extraordinary prudence and much benefit to 
 his affairs." 
 
 When the deputy of the Grand Vizier had delivered the 
 ratifications to Winchilsea, he had suggested that if the English 
 King would aid the Sultan by his navy against Venice, still 
 more advantageous results for the English trade might follow. 
 The Earl advised the King to answer that the republic of 
 Venice being " a prince Christian " and in league with England, 
 he could not go to war with them, but would willingly act as 
 mediator between them. The King agreed to this, and Secre- 
 Secretary Bennet wrote to that effect. 
 
 One more point, and that a private one, Winchilsea had 
 been anxious for his secretary to negotiate. He had set his 
 heart on receiving the Garter ; but Sir Heneage, being con- 
 sulted, plainly stated that at the time, there was no chance of 
 success. 
 
 Rycaut left England at the New Year, and reached Pera on 
 March 16, just in time to stop Winchilsea from going to 
 Adrianople, whither he had been summoned in haste by the 
 Sultan. On hearing his secretary's report, he sent orders 
 to his dragoman, Draperiis, to get the journey " put off " 
 [i.e., cancelled], by " pretending indisposition " or anything 
 else he could think of, unless matters had gone too far to make 
 it possible. Rendered cautious by the Company's attitude, 
 he wrote to Lord Chief Justice Bridgman, begging for his 
 opinion on various points ; and awhile afterwards sent a 
 long letter to the Lord Treasurer concerning their orders
 
 xliii 
 
 as to the disbursement of monies, and their complaints of his 
 use of messengers, as an innovation. " The Turkish history," 
 he said, showed that it was no new thing for the Turkey 
 merchants to be put to charges for the affairs of Algiers ; Sir 
 Thomas Roe had sent messengers, and Sir Thos. Bendy she 
 having made a journey to Adrianople, to carry orders from 
 Cromwell to the Sultan, the Company paid the charges without 
 so much as disputing them. Nor did they object to spend 
 a great sum for sending away Sir Henry Hyde, the King's 
 lawful ambassador, and two witnesses with him to swear 
 away his life. He asked the Treasurer to consider, if any great 
 occasion of state should arise, who then should bear the charges. 
 He could not believe the King would have such matters 
 slighted, yet it would not be just to lay the burden on the 
 Company. And such occasions had arisen in former days, 
 both Edward Barton and Sir Thos. Roe having mediated a 
 peace for the Sultan (p. 317 et seq.). 
 
 The difficulties between the ambassador and the Company 
 were however, about this time, brought to a happy end by 
 the latter appointing Sir Heneage Finch as an arbiter in all 
 their differences ; an " umpirage " which his cousin was " wholly 
 contented to accept " (p. 331). 
 
 In October, 1663, the Company sent out Mr. John Broadgate 
 to be chaplain or " minister " at Smyrna. By his proceedings 
 in relation to a physician there, one Dr. Pickering, he roused 
 the indignation of the factory, and Winchilsea also took Picker- 
 ing's part, and sent orders to Broadgate to return to England. 
 Broadgate protested that neither consul nor ambassador had 
 any right to meddle with him, and some further difficulty was 
 caused by the reluctance of the captain of the ship chosen to 
 convey so " factious and dangerous " a person ; but in the 
 end, he was embarked without much trouble, the consul sending 
 to the Bishop of London the depositions taken in Smyrna, 
 and referring him for further information to St. John's College, 
 Cambridge, " where he was turned out of his fellowship and 
 dismissed his college." (p. 325). In all this, the consul acted 
 entirely on the authority of the ambassador's warrant, 
 a fact of which his adversaries were not slow to take hold. 
 Alderman Love, a zealous and not very temperate Noncon- 
 formist, moved the Company to recall Consul Cave, not because 
 of his opposition to Broadgate (whom he acknowledged to 
 be a turbulent and imprudent person), but because he had 
 appealed from them to the ambassador, who had no right to 
 interfere (p. 357). 
 
 The Company did not send Broadgate back, but voted him 
 a handsome present, while they stopped Cave's " gratuities " 
 for two years and cut down his salary. The consul believed 
 this was Love's doing, and indulged himself with a few hits 
 against his adversary. He wondered whether he had ever 
 taken the oaths of allegiance and supremacy. " It was for that 
 he laid down his gown, which it may be, being forgot, makes
 
 xliv 
 
 him so malapert " (p. 378). Some time afterwards, however, 
 Winchilsea acknowledged that there had been misapprehension, 
 both as to Broadgate and Love, and sent the latter an apology 
 (pp. 422, 437). The chaplain sent out in Broadgate's place 
 was a Mr. Luke, described as eminent for learning, piety and 
 prudence, a fellow of St. John's Cambridge, and greatly 
 esteemed in his university, yet as much pleased with this 
 appointment as if the King had given him a bishopric (pp. 362, 
 371). 
 
 Consul Cave would appear to have remained at Smyrna 
 until the autumn of 1667, when Paul Rycaut was appointed, 
 to the great contentment of the whole factory. The Cadi 
 received him more civilly (as he was told) than he had done 
 any consul before, and although the Customer at first " to 
 try his mettle," attempted to extort higher duties, he was 
 soon brought to reason. On the whole, Rycaut appears to 
 have had few difficulties until the beginning of 1668, when 
 the Turks demanded the use of English ships to carry provisions 
 to Crete, and that on such poor terms, considering the time 
 the voyage would take, that the consul declared it would be 
 more to their advantage to give away their ships than to 
 undertake it (p. 496). The actual commandeering of the 
 English ships was not protested against. Winchilsea informed 
 Secretary Nicholas that it was an ancient practice, and that, 
 at the very time he wrote, a Dutch and a French ship had been 
 taken on the same terms. But what he did try to guard against 
 was the danger that if they fell into the Venetians' hands, 
 they might be considered " prize," and their owners lose 
 them altogether. 
 
 In the particular case mentioned by Rycaut, he protested 
 that he had already furnished them with one ship which 
 had to be unladen for the purpose, and that the two now 
 demanded were so " laden and steeved that it would take 
 forty days to clear them," while there were many French 
 ships in port, empty and light sailors. The Turkish Admiral, 
 however, was so insistent, that Winchilsea was obliged to consent 
 to one of them being taken, and after many difficulties with 
 the captains and the crews, a compromise was made with the 
 authorities that the vessel, fixed upon should not entirely 
 unload, but take a certain quantity of corn on the top of part 
 of her cargo. When the corn was put in, however, there 
 proved not to be nearly room enough, and the captain vowed 
 he would sink his ship rather than make place for more. 
 
 Rycaut was provoked beyond measure. The Turkish 
 officers had, he said, been patient and civil beyond expectation, 
 but what results this " baffling " of the Sultan's business 
 might have, he could not tell. He was sure that the English 
 were laughed at by everybody, for the French, Genoese, and 
 the rest, had not made a tenth part of the difficulty with 
 all their ships that the English had done about this one (p. 501). 
 When at last the captain was forced to yield and .started on
 
 xlv 
 
 his voyage, he had a sorry time. He was only sent as far as 
 Scio, and there, three months later, he was still lying, with 
 the corn unladen, heated and spoilt, his summer wasted, his 
 men mutinous and his provisions all consumed, (pp. 510, 512). 
 While these were Turkish methods, it cannot be wondered at 
 that the English captains were reluctant to be commandeered 
 by the Sultan's Admiral. 
 
 Paul Rycaut is one of the most interesting personalities 
 in the volume. Grandson of a grandee of Brabant and son 
 of a man who had ruined himself in the cause of Charles I, 
 he came with Winchilsea to Constantinople as his secretary, 
 a post for which he had been well-fitted by many years already 
 spent abroad. Winchilsea bears repeated testimony to his 
 abilities and zeal. He was not only secretary but steward of 
 the house, and so modest, discreet, able, temperate and faithful, 
 that his chief entrusted him with all his secrets and consulted 
 him on every occasion. 
 
 In August, 1663, as has been already stated, Rycaut was sent 
 to Algiers and England, and, on his journey, sent long and 
 interesting letters to his " master," whose affection he heartily 
 reciprocated. The first, written from Smyrna, is rather 
 remarkable, as showing his admiration for wild scenery, a 
 thing most unusual in the 1 7th century, when the general idea 
 of beautiful country was a gentleman's park or a smiling valley, 
 and the hills of North Wales or Cumberland were looked upon 
 as gloomy and forbidding. 
 
 But when Rycaut had climbed up by rocky paths to the 
 mountain tops, " the prospect of the country on the one 
 side and of the sea on the other, the prodigious precipices 
 and the delightful confusion of the rocks, appearing with 
 the dim light of the moon and the silence of the night," pleased 
 him so much that he was only prevented from tarrying because 
 the place was haunted by robbers (p. 269). This was on the 
 way to Bulair, near Gallipoli, where he crossed over to Asia, 
 and so journeyed towards Smyrna. On his way, he had to 
 cross the mountains of " Causdog " [i.e. Mount Ida], " a wild 
 place and as wild a Cadi," who, however, under the cheering 
 influence of a dose of opium, willingly summoned his men to 
 conduct Rycaut through the mountains. " Like true sons 
 of the country " they soon ran away, but a muleteer, who 
 dared not leave his mules, safely guided the travellers on 
 their way. At Smyrna, Rycaut took ship for Algiers, and on 
 arrival at that " den of pirates," quickly came to the conclusion 
 that it was useless to deal with such wild and heady people, 
 who, in a few hours, would break and forget the peace that 
 themselves had made. 
 
 On leaving Algiers (where he had a narrow escape from 
 drowning), he proceeded to Tangier, where he found that 
 Lord Teviot had worked wonders, lying himself in the open 
 field, with his cloak about him, until redoubts were built to 
 defend the town. Having, in the space of a few weeks, built
 
 xlvi 
 
 forts, foiled the Moors in two fights and made a peace with 
 them, Lord Teviot had now gone to England for consultations 
 and fresh orders, leaving Hugh Cholmley to proceed with the 
 great Mole which was to guard the harbour. Rycaut describes 
 the town (the " drunkenest place " he ever saw), its trade, 
 inhabitants and fortifications ; the one thing wanting being 
 a conviction that it would not be sold as Dunkirk had been 
 (from which garrison most of the soldiers had come) as " a 
 morsel for the hungry courtiers." (p. 281). 
 
 Rycaut's next stopping place was Lisbon, where he found 
 the government much changed, the Queen Mother wholly 
 excluded from the rule, and the government in the hands of 
 the Conde de Castelmelhor and the Marquess de Marialva, who 
 managed everything, although they set the King up, like a 
 puppet, to speak their minds. If it had not been for the signal 
 victory of the previous summer (the battle of Ameixal) gained 
 mostly by the valour of the English, he conceived that Lisbon 
 would have now been in the hands of Spain. On the 8th of 
 November, Rycaut reached London, where his negotiations 
 have been already described. 
 
 In April, 1665, Rycaut and the chief dragoman, Draperiis, 
 were sent by Winchilsea on a mission to the Vizier, then 
 supposed to be at Sofia. By way of Adrianople they reached 
 Philippopolis, where Rycaut was pleased by the good air 
 and the wide spreading Thracian plain over which they had 
 travelled. Thence, their journey was through mountains and 
 woods, infested with robbers. On reaching Sofia, they learned 
 that the Vizier was at Belgrade. A nine days' journey brought 
 them thither, where they had audience, and stated the object 
 of their journey, viz., to complain of the Emyn at Aleppo. 
 He answered only " Yes and no, and we shall consider," 
 according to his reserved fashion, but they heard from other 
 officers that he meant to give them satisfaction. Not many 
 days after, the Vizier and his army began their march back 
 to Adrianople, and Winchilsea's agents had perforce to accom- 
 pany them, not having .got much satisfaction from their 
 journey. 
 
 Rycaut rejoined his master only in time to prepare for 
 another visit to England. He started in the train of Count 
 Lesley, the Imperial ambassador, at the end of November, 
 but his letters on the journey appear to have been lost, for 
 Winchilsea complained that after he left Belgrade, nothing 
 had been heard from him. He returned to Turkey in May, 
 1667, but three months later left it finally to take up his 
 post as Consul at Smyrna. There he remained until 1679, 
 spending his leisure time in writing his " Present State of the 
 Ottoman Empire," issued in 1668, and " The History of the 
 Turkish Empire from 1623 to 1677 " (a continuation of Richard 
 Knolles' work), which was published the year after his return 
 to England. In 1685, he was knighted and went as secretary 
 to Ireland, and in 1689 was appointed resident at Hamburg.
 
 xlvii 
 
 The affairs of the factory at Smyrna having been so fully 
 treated of, those of Aleppo may be more briefly mentioned. 
 We find there, as at Smyrna, recurring difficulties as regards 
 the Turkish officials, and a certain amount of friction between 
 the merchants and the Levant Company. But Benjamin 
 Lannoy, the consul, was a man of judgment and tact, and ruled 
 firmly and well. He was evidently much respected, both by 
 Turks and Europeans, and generally managed to bring any 
 disputes which arose to a satisfactory termination. He held 
 out against unreasonable demands, refused to give bribes, and 
 made it plain that the English must have good usage, according 
 to their capitulations ; but he also took care that the factory 
 should never give the authorities any cause of offence (pp. 212, 
 213). When the Company sent out the " new oath " which 
 caused so much disturbance at Smyrna, some of the Aleppo 
 factors also refused to take it ; but Lannoy promptly con- 
 fiscated a certain amount of the in-comings of each recalcitrant 
 merchant until they complied, and before many months 
 were over, was able to report that the oath had been taken 
 by all. 
 
 There was at one time a danger of a quarrel between him and 
 the French Consul, M. Baron, over the vexed question of 
 protection of strangers. Baron claimed the right, under the 
 capitulations of 1604, to which Lannoy replied that the 
 fresh English capitulations lately granted contained an article 
 annulling the grant made to the French. In this it must be 
 confessed that Lannoy went further than he had warrant for. 
 Permission to protect strangers was at this time certainly 
 inserted in both capitulations, but Winchilsea never claimed 
 that the grant to the French was annulled. The utmost 
 that he put forward was that the insertion in his capitula- 
 tions being later than the other might practically be considered 
 to cancel it, and this view the French never accepted. 
 Both parties wrote to Winchilsea on the matter. The French 
 Consul made rather light of the whole thing, saying he was 
 convinced that the King of England would not encroach upon 
 the right which the French had possessed for sixty years. He 
 was dating back only to the capitulations of 1604, but as a 
 matter of fact, the French already held the right when William 
 Harborne went out to Constantinople. 
 
 The point was evidently decided in Lannoy's favour, for two 
 or three years later, when the Flemish merchant whose case 
 had been the cause of dispute was unjustly imprisoned by 
 the Bassa, Lannoy wrote in much distress that it would be a 
 great dishonour to the English nation if, after living many 
 years safely under the protection of the French and Dutch, 
 he should now be so ill-treated, " being under the English 
 banner " (p. 420). This dispute about protection did not 
 disturb the pleasant personal relations between the two 
 consuls, and they continued excellent friends, working in 
 harmony for the good of their several factories (see p. 285),
 
 xlviii 
 
 At the end of 1664, great consternation was caused by the 
 flight of two of the Aleppo merchants, Messrs. Staunton and 
 Bishop, leaving their affairs in great confusion and owing very 
 large sums to the Turks. The creditors sought to make the 
 whole factory liable, but Lannoy proved, to the satisfaction 
 of the judge, that no man was to be questioned for the debts 
 of another unless he was bound for them, as was expressly 
 stipulated in the English capitulations. The creditors, how- 
 ever, appealed to Constantinople, and in view of the possibility 
 that judgment might go against the English, Winchilsea put 
 the question, who was to pay ? The Levant Company answered 
 that " the interested persons' estates " must bear the charge. 
 But Bishop and Staunton had left no estate behind them, 
 and Winchilsea did not find that he had any right to take the 
 masters' estate [i.e., the property of their principals in England] 
 to pay for the servants' crime. Eventually, the Company 
 acknowledged that they themselves would be obliged to make 
 good any payments insisted upon (see Col. S.P. Dom., 1665-6, 
 p. 249) ; but whether they were called upon to do so, the papers 
 do not show. 
 
 Towards the end of 1664 we find the first notice of the Rev. 
 Robert Frampton, chaplain to the factory, who introduces 
 himself to Winchilsea as "an old son of the Church of England 
 and a loyal subject to his Majesty " (p. 336). In days to come 
 his name was to be well-known to England, for as Bishop of 
 Gloucester, he was one of the seven bishops sent to the Tower 
 by James II. When, in 1666, he was sent to England by the 
 factory, reports came to his friends in Aleppo of his being 
 made chaplain to Prince Rupert " in the ship when they drove 
 the Hollanders from our coast," of his preaching before the 
 King, to his Majesty's great content, and of his appointment as 
 chaplain to the King and to the Rolls (p. 449). But, in spite 
 of these honours he returned to his charge at Aleppo, as he 
 had promised the factors before leaving them. There is a 
 letter from him in October, 1667, recommending a secretary 
 to Winchilsea, and he is mentioned incidentally a year later. 
 He appears to have returned finally to England in 1670. 
 
 An interesting feature of Lannoy's letters from Aleppo is 
 the news contained in them concerning affairs in India and 
 Persia. He corresponded with the President at Surat and the 
 English agent at Ispahan, and also received intelligence from 
 the Latin fathers at Bussora and Bagdad. 
 
 These were exciting times in India. In June, 1661, news 
 reached Aleppo of Aurunzebe's seizure of the crown of the 
 Great Mogul. A little later they heard of his attempt to entice 
 his deposed father, Jehan Shah, out of Agra castle. But the 
 old Mogul refused to stir, sending him word " that if he would 
 cut him off he might, but he would not leave his prison (p. 152). 
 Reports followed of his treatment of his brothers, his " burning " 
 desire to rout out the Portuguese, his supposed death. In 
 1665, we hear of the famous rebel, Sevaji, founder of the
 
 xlix 
 
 Mahratta Empire, and of the clever trick of the King of 
 " Vizapore " [now Bijapur], who, calling the Mogul to his aid 
 against the marauder, and being by him relieved from further 
 danger, " slipped his neck out of the collar and left them 
 two to grapple." A year later we read of Aurunzebe's 
 invasion of the Deccan, his reduction to terms both of the 
 King and the rebel chief, and his subsequent defeat by the 
 Deccan army, due as the Mogul general declared, to Sevaji's 
 treachery. 
 
 In 1667, he had to divert his army to defend his empire 
 against a " very large incursion " by the King of Persia, and 
 was making great preparations to invade that country when 
 the death of the King put an end to the design. This is the 
 last we hear of his wars, but in 1668, Lannoy tells how grievous 
 the Mogul's zeal to promote his own creed and to gain proselytes 
 was towards the poor Banians and Hindoos, who were "tra- 
 paned" by his wicked agents and forced to become Moham- 
 madans. His " reverend mollas " assured him that his diligence 
 and fervour would make him equal to Mahomet in Paradise, 
 but while humouring his churchmen, he was vexing his nobles 
 and soldiers, and it was believed he would shortly have trouble 
 with them (p. 506). 
 
 At the time of Winchilsea's embassy, the power of Portugal 
 in India was fast waning, and the Dutch were everywhere 
 getting the upper hand. In 1661, Lannoy wrote of them : 
 ' They range in the South Seas at pleasure, and have most part 
 of the trade thereof in their own hands. The Spice Islands 
 of Malacas and Banda &c., with the trade of Japan and China, 
 are wholly theirs. Last year the sale of their goods did 
 amount to above 200,000?." (;;. 151). A year later the 
 President at Surat reported to the same effect. 
 
 " The Dutch at this time in India are the only lords of the 
 sea and seacoasts in all places where they trade, and are 
 making themselves masters of the islands of the South Seas, 
 wherein all the spices are, and now only in their hands. They 
 have so far of late prevailed upon the Portuguese that not 
 above five sail of ships in a year are employed by that nation, 
 and they by stealth more than strength " (p. 209). 
 
 All who have studied sixteenth or seventeenth century 
 Household Books know what an extraordinarily large part 
 spices played in the cookery of those days, and also in the 
 bills, and can realize the importance and great money value 
 of the trade. 
 
 When, upon Charles II. 's marriage with Catherine of Portugal, 
 it was arranged that not only Tangier but some station in 
 India should be yielded to him as part of her dowry, Winchilsea 
 hoped that Ceylon would be fixed upon, especially on account 
 of the great quantity and fine quality of its cinnamon. It 
 was true that Colombo, the chief place in the island, was in the 
 hands of the Dutch, but he thought it might easily be gained, 
 either by treaty or conquest (p. 88) . The Portuguese, however, 
 
 Wt. 29495. Fi d
 
 1 
 
 knew better, and Bombay, with its dependencies, was agreed 
 upon, although there was a clause in the treaty that if, by 
 the joint forces of England and Portugal, Ceylon was recovered, 
 the English King should have half the conquests made, the 
 city of Colombo excepted. 
 
 Failing Ceylon, the ambassador was well satisfied with the 
 choice of Bombay, and believed that such a door would be 
 opened to all trade as would make England " again " one of the 
 most flourishing kingdoms of Christendom (p. 99). 
 
 Before beginning to trade from it, however, it was necessary 
 to get possession of it. Letters from India brought news of 
 the sufferings of the English towns on the island of Angediva ; 
 of the rapid wasting away of the little army, of the death of 
 Sir Abraham Shipman, the commander, and all his officers. 
 In his will, there being no officers left, he appointed his 
 secretary, Humphrey Cooke, " lieutenant general of his 
 Majesty's forces," and shortly afterwards this irregular com- 
 mander gained possession of Bombay, on consenting to forego 
 the dependencies which should have been surrendered 
 with it. 
 
 There are a good many notices of the English factory at 
 Surat, taken from letters written by Sir George Oxinden to 
 Lannoy. In one of them he gave an account of Sevaji's 
 sudden attack in January, 1664, when he destroyed two-thirds 
 of the town and carried away plunder valued at above a million 
 sterling. The remaining third was defended and saved by 
 the merchants and seamen (these last hastily summoned from 
 the English ships in the harbour), who had gathered in the 
 Company's house, and the Mogul was so pleased by their 
 spirit that he remitted their customs, gave them many 
 privileges and sent the President a handsome present (pp. 313, 
 323). Notwithstanding native wars and .Dutch aggression, 
 by " prudence and good conduct " Oxinden managed to keep 
 his factory safe and prosperous, and in very good esteem of 
 the country people (p. 507). 
 
 On the other side of the Indian peninsula, matters did not 
 run so smoothly. The factory at Fort St. George had been 
 for some years under the control of Sir Edward Winter as agent. 
 In 1666, the East India Company, being dissatisfied with his 
 proceedings, his appointment was cancelled, and George Fox- 
 croft sent out to take his post. Lannoy sent an account to 
 Winchilsea of what followed. Unfortunately, the invaluable 
 series of " Letters of the East India Company," edited by 
 Mr. William Foster, has not yet reached this date, but 
 Bruce's account in the " Annals " shows that matters happened 
 much as Lannoy related them. He said that Foxcroft's 
 enquiries into certain abuses enraged Sir Edward, who believed 
 that some of his own actions would be thereby brought to 
 light, and that, in fact, the examination was to that end. 
 Throwing up his seat in Council, he entered the Fort with many 
 followers in a mutinous manner, whereupon the agent had him
 
 and two other of the ringleaders put under arrest. But he 
 so wrought upon the captain and soldiers of the Fort that they 
 shortly afterwards assembled tumultuously and in arms in 
 the courtyard, declaring their intention to seize the agent for 
 treason. In the struggle which followed, one of the factors 
 was killed, and Foxcroft, his son and another factor, wounded 
 and made prisoners. Winter took the Fort and the town again 
 into his own hands, and it was feared that he might lose or 
 betray it to the Dutch (p. 441). For the next year or two, the 
 Company appear to have been so much in the dark that they 
 did not know which of the two men was in command, or even 
 whether Winter had given it up to the Dutch. In May, 1668, 
 Lannoy reported that it continued in its unhappy position ; 
 Winter still in possession and the agent under restraint (p. 506). 
 By this time, however, the Company had determined what to 
 do, and in the following August, commissioners reached Madras, 
 took possession of the Fort, insisted on Winter's withdrawal 
 and re-instated Foxcroft (Cf. Annals, vol ii, p. 245). 
 
 We several times find mention of the famous French traveller, 
 Jean Baptiste Tavernier, in relation to the purchase of precious 
 stones, &c., and especially in connexion with a diamond 
 engraved with the English arms, about which enquiries were 
 being made. By whom this was sent, or to whom it belonged 
 in the first instance, does not appear, but it was in Tavernier's 
 hands at Gombroon in 1667, where it was seen by the East 
 India Company's agent, Stephen Flower. Flower agreed to 
 purchase it for 1,500 dollars or thereabouts, but one Van 
 Wick, who managed the affairs of the Dutch at Gombroon, 
 and at whose house Tavernier lodged, got it into his possession 
 and prevented Flower from obtaining it. 
 
 Tavernier was then going on to Surat, and Flower gave two 
 packets of letters into his charge to carry to the President, but 
 when opened, they were found to contain nothing but blank 
 paper. Oxinden was very angry, and although the Frenchman 
 protested that Van Wick must have got the letters surrep- 
 titiously from his trunk, he was only half believed, and did not 
 manage to clear himself from the suspicion of neglect, if not 
 treachery. 
 
 Whether the Dutch agent was guilty of pilfering the letters 
 or not, we cannot tell, but, whatever might be said for his 
 honesty, his veracity was certainly not above suspicion, for, 
 apparently while the English were still exulting over their 
 early victories in the Dutch war, although possibly after the 
 Dutch agent had received the news of the undecided " four 
 days' battle " in June, 1666, which the Hollanders claimed 
 as a victory, he told the Governor of Gombroon : 
 
 "that in their engagements with England they still had the better: that 
 in one of their fights, they had slain his Royal Highness the Duke of 
 York, Prince Robert and many of the nobility, taken several of our 
 ships, blocked up all our ports, and were masters of the seas, the 
 States refusing to make peace until they had brought our nation into 
 subjection, aa they had done in India ; saying further that the Kings
 
 Ill 
 
 
 
 of England and France, in respect of their riches and power, Were no 
 more in comparison with the High and Mighty States than were a 
 couple of boys to an elephant." 
 
 Of Tavernier, Lannoy wrote that he had been often sent to 
 India, Persia, &c., by the Duke of Orleans and others, to 
 gather rarities for them, and had received many civilities 
 from the English nation (pp. 436, 477). He was next heard 
 of in Persia, with the silk caravan bound for Smyrna, and 
 report said that he and a Dutchman in his company had brought 
 up vast quantities of jewels in India, which they were carrying 
 into Christendom. Tavernier had given 7,000. for a diamond 
 in Ispahan, but he was far outdone by the Dutchman, one 
 David Bazu, of Amsterdam, who had paid 100,000?. for a 
 single stone, and had moreover, had to take up money at 46 
 per cent, in order to purchase it. There can be no doubt 
 about the price as reported by Lannoy, as he writes it out in 
 words, not in figures (pp. 282, 493). 
 
 Eventually Winchilsea himself saw Tavernier, who told 
 him that he had sold " the diamond seal ring of his Majesty " 
 to Van Wick at Gombroon for a thousand dollars, but that 
 after the purchaser's death, it was sent to the Dutch General 
 and his Council at Batavia. The origin of the jewel is never 
 mentioned, but it seems probable that it was one of the jewels 
 pawned by Charles II. during the Exile. 
 
 When Winchilsea first went out to Turkey, his official 
 correspondent in England was Sir Edward Nicholas, who 
 reported the happy settlement of the kingdom and the obedient 
 zeal and obsequiousness of Parliament ; made complacent 
 reference to the Conventicle Act, imprisonment of Quakers 
 and execution of regicides ; noticed in passing the abortive 
 schemes of the " Phanatics," and gave scraps of the general 
 news of the day until the autumn of 1664, when this faithful 
 and long tried servant of the Stuarts had to announce that 
 his Majesty " found it convenient for his service to employ a 
 younger man," and had appointed Sir Henry Bennet to take 
 his place. The same letter contained the information that 
 the King had also found it convenient to sell Dunkirk to the 
 French, for 500,000 pistoles (p. 221). From this time Morice 
 was Winchilsea's usual correspondent, and there are only 
 two or three letters from Bennet. Morice's are much upon the 
 same lines as those from Nicholas ; English news, doings of the 
 Parliament, and, later, the business of the Earl of Bristol and 
 the Dutch war. From Williamson there is only one short note, 
 announcing the " glorious victory " of Solebay, on June 3, 1665. 
 
 Lord Clarendon's letters in relation to the manuscripts 
 sent him by Winchilsea have been already mentioned ; another, 
 written in September, 1666, informed Winchilsea that the 
 King was very willing to send him his portrait and intended 
 to sit for it. A postscript to this letter tells of the terrible fire, 
 " which hath destroyed three parts of four of the whole city 
 of London ; and we who live in the suburbs preparing for the
 
 liii 
 
 same fate, fled from our lodgings and have hardly yet recovered 
 our goods or our wits " (p. 434). 
 
 Lord Winchilsea was very happy in his personal friends, 
 being on terms of close intimacy with his brother-in-law, Lord 
 Southampton, with his cousins, Sir Heneage and Sir John 
 Finch, and with Sir John's fidus Achates, Dr. Baines. To 
 Sir Heneage's judgment and experience he appealed for advice 
 in all his difficulties, and seems not only to have asked for it, 
 but invariably followed it. Amongst the papers of this period 
 in the Collection is a series of letters written by Sir Heneage, 
 then Solicitor General, to his eldest son, Daniel (afterwards 
 Secretary of State and 2nd Earl of Nottingham), which show 
 him as a most affectionate and careful father, keenly solicitous 
 about his boy's studies, and still more so about his character. 
 Reverence, loyalty to the church, consideration for those about 
 him, are the constant themes of his exhortations, as well as 
 diligent application to his books and care in the choice of 
 them. One only wonders that he should think the exhortations 
 necessary, for Daniel appears to have been such an extremely 
 " good boy " that there must have been more danger of his 
 being a prig than of anything else. His letters home were 
 written in so superior a vein that his father suspected him of 
 invoking his tutor's help in their composition, and urged him 
 not to seek another's pencil to amend his own, " for who does 
 not know when the crow wears her own feathers " (p. 211). 
 
 One may suspect that the young man's devotion to his 
 studies was rather irritating to the friends of his own age, for 
 Sir Heneage sympathises with him upon " the unkindness 
 of those who desire not to see any better example than they 
 themselves are willing to follow," and assures him that he 
 suffered in the same way himself (p. 217). It comes as almost 
 a pleasant surprise when we find that the future " Don Dismal " 
 had to be reproved for having a dancing master in the middle 
 of the morning, when he ought to have been at his books 
 (p. 244). Bishop Burnet once said that Sir Heneage or Lord 
 Nottingham as he then was was " ill-bred," a statement 
 which these letters alone sufficiently refute. On his son leaving 
 Westminster School for Oxford, he is urged to write to Dr. Busby 
 to thank him for his care and kindness ; when he takes a 
 journey with his tutor, he is to be sure to bear all the 
 charges, as in any case it is ' ; like to bring so much trouble " 
 to the other ; if he dismisses his servant, he must " do it like 
 a gentleman, and furnish him with money for his return 
 decently." 
 
 Daniel Finch left Oxford without taking a degree, a common 
 enough thing at that time, but in his case, perhaps, due to 
 his delicate health and the desirability of his going to a warmer 
 climate. He crossed into Holland, through Germany to 
 Venice and thence to his uncle, Sir John Finch, at Florence, " 
 accompanied by his father's warning not to let the civilities 
 of Flanders or Germany cheat him of his health, nor those of
 
 liv 
 
 Italy of his religion. As for money, he was not to trouble at 
 all about his expences, or to lack anything of pleasure or 
 conveniency ; a rather rash permission in many cases to 
 his cousin Maidstone, for instance but explained by 
 Sir Heneage's closing words, " knowing your temper so well 
 as I do." The young man had been ill at Venice, which 
 troubled his parents very much. His father warned him 
 against the " chirugiens," who, he feared might be " too busy " 
 in order to increase their profit ; his mother urged him not to 
 stoop, for it was " neither handsome nor wholesome." Both 
 rejoiced when he was safely in the care of those learned 
 physicians, his uncle and Dr. Baines (pp. 394, 401, 403, 404). 
 
 In one or two of the later letters from Sir Heneage we get 
 a little information about himself. He has been three times 
 to Mr. Lely, to sit for his picture. He plays at bowls, rides, 
 and reads ballads, and can look with pleasure on his grey 
 hairs so long as he hears good news from his beloved son. After 
 the great fire, he is busy building himself new lodgings in the 
 Temple (in place of those destroyed), which will cost him " near " 
 a thousand pounds, when they are finished. Then he will 
 know his losses by the fire. The end of this letter both throws 
 light on Daniel's character, and illustrates the change in the 
 meaning of one of our words : " Preserve the reputation 
 you have gotten of a very serious man, and be assured that 
 'tis no part of the wisdom of Italy to be a sceptic. . . .While 
 others take religion only into their discourse, do you avoid all 
 talking of it, and let the world see it in your conversation " 
 (pp. 433, 446). 
 
 Besides Lady Finch's letter to her son, there are two very 
 charming ones written to her husband when she was at Bath, 
 with her younger children. The two boys were getting good, 
 she thought, from the Bath, especially little John ; it had 
 taken away his yellowness and made him very merry, and 
 he was immensely delighted with the guide who taught him to 
 swim. The poor lady herself longed to be back with her husband, 
 and was afraid he did not take enough care of himself. " Pray 
 send me word," she begged him, " how you are in health ; 
 because I hear by your letter you rise early and go to bed late, 
 and I doubt you study too hard, which I am sure will prejudice 
 your health." A few days later, she rejoices to know that 
 half the time is spent, and that she can begin to think of coming 
 home. Bath is very hot, but she refreshes herself daily 
 with the thought of being again with her husband and children, 
 in " the fresh air of Kensington " ! Sir Heneage then lived in 
 what is now Kensington palace. 
 
 The next letter is full of her little John and the pleasure she 
 has with him ; he dances, sings, entertains the company, and 
 brings all the beggars in the town to her ; since he lias heard 
 that his brother Charles has been acting as chaplain at Kensing- 
 ton, he insists on doing the same; he is still so pleased with his 
 swimming master that he is resolved to recommend the King to
 
 Iv 
 
 have him also, and a kind friend having sent his mother some 
 venison, he has invited the parson of the town and their landlad, 
 to come and partake of it " (pp. 467, 468). It is quite sad 
 to think that this engaging little boy did not live to be a man. 
 
 When Daniel Finch had been abroad two years, he was 
 summoned home, but finding that he was anxious to go to 
 France, his parents consented that he should spend the winter 
 there, to make himself sufficiently master of French for 
 conversational purposes, and to perfect his fencing, riding and 
 dancing. He afterwards obtained a further extension of 
 leave, and was still in Paris in the following June, 1668, when 
 his father ends the last letter to him noticed in this volume, 
 by a half humorous apology for warning him against the 
 plague and the danger of being out of his lodging late at night ; 
 these, he wrote, " are your Mother's cautions." (pp. 478, 479, 
 509). 
 
 The next volume, covering the period of Sir John Finch's x 
 embassy to Constantinople, will contain many more letters 
 and other papers relating to this branch of the family. 
 
 The editor desires to express her grateful thanks to 
 Dr. R. A. Nicholson, of Cambridge, for his kind explanation 
 of many Turkish words. 
 
 S. C. LOMAS.
 
 THE MANUSCRIPTS OF 
 ALLAN GEORGE FINCH, ESQUIRE, 
 
 OF 
 
 BURLEY-ON-THE-HILL. RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 VOL. i. 
 
 G[EORGE], EARL OF SHREWSBURY to SIR THOS. MOYLE. 
 
 [1537,] June 30. Eryth. " My chaplen, Maister Moretone 
 hathe be[n] a suter unto Maaster Cbauncelor of the Kynges 
 Majesties Court of the Augmentacyons for the assignyng of a 
 boke concernyng a decree for the scite of the late Colege of 
 Newport in the countye of Salop, the same rated at 6s. Sd. 
 by yere . . . which scite, forsomyche as he was maaster theare 
 was appoynted to hym for his mansyon with 101. stipend for 
 keping of the cure by Sir Walter Mildmey knyght and Maister 
 Kelwey when thei were comyssyoners for the assignment of 
 stipends and pencyons ; which boke ys assigned by Maister 
 Gosnold and examyned by Maister Duke, albeit Maister 
 Chaunceler will not agree thereunto, for that as he thynkythe 
 the same scite to be a greater thing in valew then yt ys in 
 very dede, the same being in ruyne and decay, which my said 
 chaplen wold repare this present somer if he had assurance 
 thereof." 
 
 I pray you therefore to move Master Chancellor for an 
 assignment of the book to my chaplain, or else that he may 
 be discharged of the cure, and the patron to provide for another 
 curate. He cannot keep the cure himself, " by reason he ys 
 with me in service and hathe moche syknes, but hyreth a preist 
 who hath the most parte of his stipend, and to lyve theare 
 all upon the peny, being a markette towne and a great cure, 
 his habilite wille not extend thereunto nevertheles somtymes 
 he repareth thyther to se the cure well and substancyally 
 kept, to his great costes and charges." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 The PRIVY COUNCIL to the SHERIFF OF KENT, and the 
 JUSTICES of PEACE of the same shire.* 
 
 1553, July 12. The Tower at London. " Whereas the 
 qwenes highnes qwene Jane, beynge presentlye by juste tytle 
 
 * Edward VI died on July 7. The Privy Council Registers contain no 
 entries relating to the brief reign of the Lady Jane. 
 
 Wt. 29495. Fi 1
 
 in full possessyon of the Imperyall crowne of this realme 
 and other domynyons and prehemynences thereunto 
 belongynge, the ladye Marye, bastarde dawghter of the late 
 kynge of famous memorye, kyng Henrye the eyghte, dothe 
 not onlye be all the wayes and meanes she maye styrre and 
 provoke the comon people of this realme to rebel! yon, but also 
 sekethe meanes to brynge in greate forces of papistes, 
 Spanyardes and othere straungeres for th'ayde of her unjuste 
 and unnaturall pretence, to the greate parell and daunger 
 of the utter subversyon of Godes holye worde and of the hole 
 state of this realme; Albeit we nothynge dowte but this sedycyous 
 and rebellyous doenges of the sayd ladye Marye, beynge well 
 knowne unto you, wyll of themselfes well admonysshe you of your 
 dewtyes to yours and owers sayd soveraygne ladye qwene 
 Janes and the preservacion of the true relygyon and 
 auncyent lyberte of your naterall countre agaynste foren 
 powers, yet consyderynge what desolacion maye come to 
 men of worshyppe and good degree and welthe by the 
 sedycyons, rebellyons &c. of the baser sorte, we have 
 thowghte good to sygnyfye unto you that oure sayd severayne 
 lady Quene Jannes pleasure and commaundyment ys that 
 youe shall notte only use all manner of travell and labor to 
 kepe and preserve her Majestis people inhabiting nye abowtte 
 youe in peace and good quiete, and to represse all others that 
 shall goo abowte to move any tumulte ether by the pretens 
 of the unjuste and fayned tytle of the ladye Marrye, being 
 yllegitymate and bastard as ys aforsayd, or by any other 
 means, but allsoo to putte your selves in order, with suche 
 noumbers of horssemen and fottemen as you shalbe able 
 to make of your servaunts, tenanttes and others under your 
 rulles and offyces, soo as youe maye upon sendinge for or other 
 knoleage geven youe, eyther repayre to oure veraye good 
 lorde the Ducke of Northumberland, whoe having with hym 
 oure veraye good lorde the Marquesse of Northamton, therle 
 of Huntyngton and other personages of estate, ys presenly 
 in the feylde with our sayd sovereynes power for the repressyon 
 of the sayd rebellyons or otherwayes be employd for the 
 defence of the realme as the case shall require. By your good 
 travell herin, youe shall notte only declare [yourselves] good and 
 faythfull mynisters of the quenes highnes and your contreye, 
 but allsoo well deserve to fynde her hyghnes your good and 
 gracyous ladye in any your resonable sutes, and us allso most 
 readye to further youre sayd sutes accordynglye." Signed 
 T. Cant., T. Elye, Jo. Wynchester, Bedford, Suffolke, Arundell, 
 F. Shrewesbury, Pembroke, R. Ryche, W. Fetter [Petre], 
 W. Ceacyll, J. Cheeke. Copy. 2 pp. 
 
 PROCLAMATION of QUEEN MARY. 
 
 [1553, July 19.] "Presente at the proclamacion made on 
 Wennysday laste at London abowte four of the clocke at after
 
 nowne in Chepe proclaymyng my lady Mary to be quene of 
 England &c. : 
 
 The lord Mayior of London. 
 
 The yerle of Shroysbery. 
 
 The yerle of Penbroke. 
 
 The yerle of Bedforthe, lord privy seall. 
 
 The yerle of Arundell. 
 
 The yerle of Worcyter. 
 
 The lord Chamberlayne, Lord Darcy. 
 
 My lord Warden [Sir Thos. Cheyne]. 
 
 My lord Cobham. 
 
 My lord Pagett. 
 
 Sir John Mason. 
 
 Sir John Baker. 
 
 Sir Thomas Wrothe. 
 
 Sir Wyllyam Peters. 
 
 Secrytory Ceeke [Cheeke]. 
 
 "And after commynge to the quyre of Pawles, where 
 te deum was songe by the sayd quyre and played with the 
 orgaynes before the sayd persones, the colle[c]t was readd 
 by a preste of the same quyre prayinge for my lady Mary 
 quene of Ingland the bells beyng ronge so ended and departed. 
 The bringer of this copye dyd see and note theis to be done 
 the day and tyme above sayd. God save quene Marye." 1 p. 
 
 QUEEN MARY to the COMMISSIONERS FOR MUSTERS 
 in Kent. 
 
 [1557,] July 31. "The warres being open" with France, 
 and the King having passed the seas in person to pursue the 
 enemy, she desires them to appoint 400 able men of the 
 manred* of their county, " as well in liberties as without," 
 whereof as many to be horsemen as may be, and all to be well 
 harnessed and armed, to serve for the defence of the realm 
 " undre the ledinge of mete captains, gentlemen of inheritaunce 
 or theire heires apparant " to be named by the commissioners. 
 To be ready by the 16th of August next, and thenceforth to 
 continue in such readiness that they may be called out at 
 one day's warning. And whereas special letters have been 
 written to certain persons named in the schedule enclosed 
 to furnish such numbers of men as they are able, the com- 
 missioners are to forbear taking any of the tenants or others 
 under the rule of the said persons, or of any others in the 
 service of her Majesty ; or the tenants or followers of " anie 
 those noble men and gentelmen no we gon with our armie 
 into Fraunce." 
 
 " Yeven under our signet at our mannour of Richemond 
 the last of July, the forth and fifte yeares of our reignes." 
 Signed, Marye the quene. Countersigned, Francis Yaxley. 
 
 * Vassals, men whom a lord can call on in time of war ; hence, generally, 
 supply of men for purposes of warfare.
 
 1| pp. Seal embossed. [See a similar letter to Cornwall, Cal- 
 S.P. Dom., 1547-80, p. 94.] 
 
 QUEEN MARY to SIR THOMAS MOYLE, knight. 
 
 [1557,] July 31, anno. 4 and 5. Manor of Richmond. 
 " The warres being open betwexte us and Fraunce, and the 
 Kinge our deerest lorde and husband passed the seas in person 
 to pursue the enemye, we have geven order, as mete is, (our 
 honour and suretie so requiring) to have a convenyent force 
 put in perfecte readynes and preparacion t'attende upon our 
 person . . . and knowing your fidelitie and good will to serve 
 us, have appointed yowe to bee one amonges other that shall 
 attende upon us," bringing with you, of your servants and 
 tenants, ten horsemen and fifty footmen well-appointed. 
 To be in readiness, on a day's warning, at any time after the 
 16th day of August next coming. Sign manual, " Mary the 
 quene." And below, J. Clyff (one of the Clerks of the Signet). 
 1 p. Seal embossed. 
 
 W. LORD COBHAM to SIR THOMAS MOYLE. 
 
 [1558 ?] Nov. 27. Dover. Understanding your friendly 
 wish that I should be joined with you as one of the wardens 
 for the bridge of Rochester, I render you hearty thanks for 
 the same. " And because (as I am enformed) the countrie 
 must have their voice and election herein by order of a writt, 
 I have been a suter for such a writt in the Chauncerie, where 
 there appereth no recorde of any such matter." If you have 
 the form of any such writ, or know how it should be drawn, 
 I pray you send a copy thereof to my house at Cobham Hall, 
 or else to my servant John Wilkyns, whereupon he shall procure 
 the like out of the Chancery. Signed. \ p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 [1559?] May 29. London. Stating that he has caused 
 Mr. Manwood to consider the case of the corporation of 
 Feversham touching the payment of pontage, who, having 
 agreed with the council of the town, the matter was 
 " afterward put to the judges of the commen place." The 
 judges having declared their opinion that they of Feversham 
 ought to be free, he prays to know Sir Thomas' " determinate 
 answer " as to what shall be done in this behalf. Holograph, 
 I P. 
 
 LORD COBHAM to SIR THOMAS FYNCHE and others. 
 
 1559, Aug. 1. Commission from William Lord Cobham. 
 Warden of the Cinq Ports and Lieutenant of the county of 
 Kent and city of Canterbury, to Sir Thomas Fynche, Sir 
 Henry Crispe and Nicholas Crispe esquire, appointing them 
 to take order " as well for the repairing and erecting of beacons 
 and watching of the same " for the discovery of any attempts
 
 of a foreign enemy, in the lath of St. Augustine and the city 
 of Canterbury, " as also to muster, gather togither, charge, 
 levie, arraie in annure and leade all sorts of men meat for 
 warres " with their horses, armour and munitions ; and to 
 repair unto him upon summons " for repression of any 
 rebellion in all convenient and forcible wise with sped in any 
 part of the said countie." The business to be taken in hand 
 immediately according to instructions herewith sent. Signed 
 and sealed. 1 pp. 
 
 The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR THOMAS FYNCHE and THOMAS 
 
 KEES. 
 
 1559[-60], March 21. Westminster. Thanking them for 
 their diligence " in the examination of the conveyance of 
 certain mares over the seas," and praying them to continue 
 the same, and to use their best means " to learn out the 
 whole disorder hereof " and by whom committed. Those 
 found faulty are to be ordered to appear before the Council, 
 and any " of such sort as will not appear," are to give good 
 bond or be committed to ward until further orders are received. 
 If the culprits are at a distance, the nearest Justices of the 
 Peace are to be desired to take the like order with them, by 
 virtue of these letters. And as the lords " would thoroughly 
 understand the bottom of their deceit," the books of account 
 of all customers, comptrollers and searchers by whom any of 
 the said mares did pass are to be seized, sealed up and kept 
 safely. Seven signatures, not autograph, but imitations of the 
 originals, apparently l>y the Clerk of the Council, as this is the 
 letter actually sent. 1 p. 
 
 W. LORD COBHAM to SIR THOMAS FYNCHE and others. 
 
 1560, May 12. Commission as on p. 4 above, but adding 
 the name of the Mayor of Canterbury as regards that city, 
 and including the islands of Shepway and Harty, as well as 
 the lath of St. Augustine's. Signed. 1| pp. 
 
 W. LORD COBHAM to SIR THOMAS MOYLE. 
 
 1560, July 28. The Court. It is thought by the country 
 " that the term of the graunt for the gathering of the toll for 
 Rochester bridge was determyned at mydsomer last." I 
 send my servant Wilkyns that you may account the time, 
 and if you find that it is expired, I think the porters should be 
 discharged. My said servant was granted the receivership of 
 the bridge by my late father and you, but for the better 
 answering of the monies, I have agreed to join with him in 
 that office one William Sommer, " whose abilities and 
 experience can well discharge the rome." I have passed my 
 grant and pray you likewise to sign and seal the same. 
 Signed,. \ p.
 
 KATHERINE, LADY FINCH to her son MR. MOYLE FINCH. 
 
 [After 1563,*] Nov. 5. Is sending her man to see what is 
 requisite for her to do touching Ikelsham Marsh. Touching 
 her son's coming, she does not wish to confer about anything 
 untill Mr. Sentleger can be present, who knows their affairs 
 better than she does. Signed. -| p. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM CECIL to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 1569, May 22. Greenwich. As Mr. Boyar is not in the city, I 
 have written to one Mr. Gaynes of the Temple, a brother in law 
 by marriage of the Boyar who is dead.f " He is honest, and 
 I thynk hable to gyve you some light how to walk in the dark 
 bargan. In my opinion the pryce is over great by 20Z. yerly, 
 for Boyar was wont to tell me that over his charges, he gayned 
 not some yere above 26/. 13s. 4d., but yet in some other tyme 
 he had for some speciall serch 13L 6s. Sd. at once, which was 
 not common. ... If you can bryng it to a more resonable 
 price it wer mete, and if not, require to have the office with a 
 condition that at the end of on yere, yow may surrender it. 
 . . . Use Mr. Osborns counsell herein." Holograph, f p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1569, Aug. 9. Okyng [Woking]. " I receaved your letter 
 at Otlandes, whan we wer expectyng the Quenes Majesty to 
 ride hyther to Okyns. . . . Mr. Manners did impart to me your 
 cause as it had passed with my lord of Lecester, and I am 
 gladd to perceave by your letter that you can make so just 
 an accompt of me and my good will, I wish I wer allweis 
 so acquited for my good will, and though I never have nor 
 assuredly can be, yet my determination, and the comfort I 
 take to be in friendshipp unchangeably, shall be a cause for 
 any good frend I have to mak such a reckoning of me as yow 
 doo. 
 
 "The other matter of Mr. Barten's, as I wold hym well, so 
 am I very loth to be a dealer in those cases for some respects. 
 You know that it may so happen, that some here now in Court, 
 will think themselves interessed in any thyng that may prove 
 chargeable to that Queen [of Scots]. Nevertheless, if Mr. Barten 
 will send me a copy of his letters I will theruppon yeld that I 
 shall find mete for me. 
 
 " God send yow well to doo in your jorney, and us as well also. 
 Commend me to your wiff, whose grete stomak wer metar for 
 the Court than for Essex, except she dout that whan twoo 
 brasspottes should mete, on wold bruse the other. I mervell 
 she hath not, being so long a courtyar, lerned how nedefull 
 pacience is in Court for all disensions. . . ." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 * Sir Thomas Finch died in 1563. Lady Finch afterwards married 
 Nicholas St. Leger, and died 1586-7. 
 
 t William Boyar, keeper of the records at the Tower, and of the Rolls of 
 Parliament and of Chancery.
 
 JOHN OF DESMOND to [the EARL OF ORMOND]. 
 
 1569, Aug. 31. Camp at Karrygro. Praying him to order 
 Sir Theobald Butler of the Cahir to desist from annoying that 
 part of the county of Limerick which the Captain of the 
 Geralds [James Fitzmaurice, Captain of Munster] has given 
 into his (Desmond's) keeping. Contemporary copy. 1 p. 
 [See S.P. Ireland, Eliz. Vol. XXIX, 60 (2).] Endorsed, " Coppy 
 of John Earle of Desmond's letter." [This is a mistake. He 
 was uncle to the then Earl.] 
 
 THOMAS, LORD BUCKHURST to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1569, Nov. 16. Buckhurst. " As sone as my soonne was 
 christened I was fullie purposed to have come to the courte 
 but the dethe in London than incresinge I stode doubtfull 
 what I shold do therein, resolving yet for the better to take 
 the aier of Buckhurst for six or seven daies before my returne 
 to the Courte. This much I praied my Lady Clinton by 
 Mr. Farnam to aunswer for me to her Majesty yf happely 
 she had herd her highnes to aske for me, And thus 
 much I hartely pray you humbly to saie to her highnes from 
 me, determininge with gods grace to be at the courte in the 
 beginning of the next weke. I can not geve you so mayny 
 thankes as you deserve for your so frendly advertisment 
 of her highnes asking for me, you know I am wholy yours 
 and more I have not to geve you. Fare you most hartely 
 well and love me still as I do you most faithfully." Signed. 
 1 p. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM CORDELL to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1569, Dec. 13. Melford. The monstrous and unnatural 
 dealing of the northern rebels doth sufficiently witness the 
 malice of their hearts, which God will resist and confound. 
 
 " I did never thynk otherwyse but that the erle of Sussex 
 wold every weye shewe hymselff bothe a trewe and a noble 
 subject and I am glad that Sir Rauff Sadler, a man for his 
 integryte and loyalte in servys mete to be trusted and for his 
 wisdom and exsperyens fytt to be used, hath so honorable 
 declared the Erie unto the Queens Majesty. . . . The 
 proclamacyon lately set forth by his lordship doth well shewe 
 hym to be suche a man as in deuty he ought to be and hath 
 well disscovered what those rebelles ar. I hope to here dayly 
 that they be dispersed for as I here some of ther confederates 
 doth shrynke from them and that they be weker then they 
 wer which I praye God graunte. 
 
 " I did never meane to departe from hens withowte makyng 
 of my lord levetenant of thes partes privy therunto and 
 to have his lycence and favour therin as in deuty I ought to 
 do and havyng wrytten unto his lordship he very 
 honorable and curtesly both wyshed and advised me to tary 
 here wher his lordship thought I myght do her Majesty
 
 8 
 
 better servys then in any other place, the country being very 
 populus where I lye and the most of them pore f olkes and greate 
 nede of relefe and specially this Cristemas ; so that I am now 
 fully pers waded to remayne her till the weke after 
 twelfe daye and then ... I intend God willyng to do 
 my dewty unto Her Highnes where she shall then lye. The8 
 partes (God be thanked for yt) ys in very god and quyet state 
 and I trust her Majeste shall fynde here a greate nomber of 
 very honest and dewtefull subjectes yf ther be occasion to use 
 ther servys. I pray you, Mr. Heneage, remember my humble 
 dewty unto Mr. Secretary, of whose good recovery I am glad 
 to here of." Signed. 1 p. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM CECIL to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1569, December 19. Windsor. In relation to the request 
 of Innocentio Luo Catelli to be allowed to send a man on 
 business into Flanders. Not being very well, and so unable 
 to go abroad, he cannot procure such a passport as he would, 
 but sends one under his own hand, to be delivered if Mr. 
 Mersh knows of no lawful cause to the contrary. Signed. 
 IP- 
 
 SIR H. SIDNEY to the EARL OF ORMOND. 
 
 1569[-70], March 1. Commission from the Deputy (Sir 
 H. Sidney) and Council of Ireland to the Earl of Ormond as 
 general of the expedition into Thornond. Copy. 1| pp. 
 {Another copy is calendared in 8.P. Ireland under this date.] 
 
 SIR WILLIAM CECIL to THOMAS HENEAGE, Treasurer of 
 her Majesty's Chamber. 
 
 1570, May 29. " From my howse in Stronde." Informing 
 him that the Queen has " appointed money presently to be 
 paid here in London " and to be received out of his charge 
 of the loan, and that a man of Sir John Savage, collector for 
 the loan money in Cheshire, is now in town. Signed. p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1570, July 15. " I hartely thank you for your gentle answer. 
 Sence your going hence, I have had occasion, with myn owne 
 consent from my Lord of Norfolk to declare my self in oppen 
 sort, to be secretly, evill, lewdly and falsely used, and have 
 avowed that who so ever hath or shall saye and affirme that 
 I have not delt honestly frendly and syncerly with the 
 Queens Majesty, for the delyvery of my sayd Lord of Norfolk 
 they doe saye untruly and if they will maynteane the same, 
 than they do maynteane an untruth and a lye. Uppon this 
 my defence of my self, secret meanes hath bene made to my 
 Lord of Norfolk, to require me to desist herein, as a matter 
 that no man doth or will avowe ageynst me, and that he doth 
 thynk well of me, &c. And many other thynges hath herin
 
 9 
 
 passed to long to write, but what in dede will come to reliev 
 my Lord of Norfolk I can not tell, for whom I will not desist 
 as long as hir Majesty will permitt me to sollicite, considering 
 I am perswaded that more good may come to hir Majesty by 
 his delyvery, being separated from the adheryng to the Scott 
 Quene, than by his remayning in the Tower, wherof both the 
 Scottish Quene and all others parcially favoryng hir pretence 
 will make ther proffitt. Yesterdaye my Lord of Lecester 
 and [I] omitted no entreaty nor perswasion for hym, but the 
 planetts war [not] favorably conjoyned to yeld frendly aspects. 
 
 You shall by others here how suddenly hir Majesty removeth 
 on Teusday to Denham, and on Wednesday to Cheyniss. From 
 France I here not but God gyveth the Admyrall prosperite 
 but yet I thynk his scope is and must be a peace such as it 
 may be. 
 
 The Duke of Alva hath very curteoosly sent to hir Majesty 
 knolledg of his preparations to the sea to be for the Queen of 
 Spayne and yet hir Majesty doth arme hir shippes, ne forte 
 veniant Romani. The french man Poygni, that is come to 
 go into Scotland, shall not be suffred to chaff hym self with 
 so long jornayes this hott sommer, but to go to the Scott 
 Quene, we see no gret perill, and to gret uncurtesy to refuse hit. 
 
 Mr. Dunch was here yesterday with 1,2001. for Berkshire 
 and I sent hym to London. I have not yet command to 
 wryt to Mr. Ashly. Fare ye well with your good wiff, whose 
 cure must be to be voyde of cures (sic) and merry." 
 Holograph. 2 pp. Seal embossed. 
 
 SIB WILLIAM CECIL to THOMAS HENEAGE, Treasurer of 
 her Majesty's Chamber. 
 
 1570, July 23. Cheyniss. Her Majesty wishes to know 
 the quantity of your receipts and payments out of the loan, 
 in order that she may give you warrant for the payment of 
 the remainder to certain necessary purposes. 
 
 " This present howre we have bene earnestly in hand with 
 hir Majesty for my Lord of Norfolk, wherin my Lord Keeper 
 hath very ernestly shewed hym self desyrouss to have obteyned, 
 having offred him self to be bound in all that he hath. The 
 end was that hir Majesty cold not mislyke of the matter, but 
 sayd she wold do it of hir own grace, without our importunite. 
 God send hir a spedy instynct to shew marcy in tyme 
 convenient. 
 
 "The Queens Majestys foote doth amend, though slowly. 
 We talk of no removing from hence." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1570, July 24. Cheyniss. Repeating the substance of the 
 previous letter. 
 
 Last paragraph, in Cecil's own hand. ' ' I must nedes be com- 
 mended to your good wiff, who I here saye was at my house
 
 10 
 
 lately, for hir paynes therin I thank hir, being a very 
 neighborly part." 1 p. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM CECIL to THOMAS HENEAGE, Treasurer of 
 her Majesty's Chamber. 
 
 1570, July 29. Cheniss. A letter from Sir Thomas Smith 
 " signefyeth the sodayn deth of certen persons very neare 
 his house, and therby it'semeth it wer inconvenient that hir 
 Majesty shuld make her progress that waye. To this I 
 beseche yow gyve hym answer (with excuse for my not wrytyng, 
 being presently overwhelmed with busynes) that hir Majesty 
 meneth not to mak hir progress into Essex ; and so hir Majesty 
 hath willed that knolledg shuld be gyven to my Lord Rych 
 and Darcy. It is ment here that after seven or eight dayes, 
 hir Majesty shuld remove to Tuddyngton, and so furth as 
 yet uncertenly, I can not tell whyther to Kenelworth. 
 
 " I was bold yesterday to borrow your help for payement to 
 my servant a little monny, which I will here repaye." 
 Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME.* 
 
 1570, July 30. " I receaved your letter by this berer, 
 wherwith for some on[e] sentence I was more perplexed than 
 I cold be resolved with the rest, that was very comfortable and 
 frendly. That I meane is where I (sic) wryte that I go nearely 
 to work with you, for the appoyntyng of the money to Val. 
 Browne. Suerly I was most sorry for the Queen's service, 
 that I knew I cold not well require a greter some, comparyng 
 your former certificates of receptes and paymentes, for in dede 
 my Lord of Sussex was promised seven dayes before to have 
 had 12,000/. being so much due in the north the begynning of 
 this July, and therfor of necessite he is disappoynted and 
 besyde this I was willed to procure from you the payment of 
 5,0001. for Irland, and I have answered that I know it can not 
 be doone by you, and otherwise ther is no help for these 
 extraordynary, for that Mr. Mildmay with the Queens Majestys 
 consent hath shutt up all other payementes for the ordynary. 
 I see not but if you had 40,0001. all wold be with hast called 
 for. Such is the heape of charges wher no heapes ar of monny, 
 as I am at my wittes end. I perceave the Queens Majesty 
 is pleased with your absence for a tyme, as you shall I thynk 
 understand by Mr. Manners or my lady Caroo. I can wryte 
 no more, but trust that my sincerite of frendshipp shall be 
 conserved with you, accordyng to yours. Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1570, August 16. Tuddyngton. " ... I am occupyed 
 in sendyng H. Cobham to the Duke of Alva and to the Queen 
 of Spayne. If any body tell you that he also goth to Spyres 
 
 * The answer to this letter is in Vol. I of the Calendar of the Cecil Papers, 
 p. 479.
 
 11 
 
 wher the Emperor is, I will not saye that it is untrew. But 
 I do not saye so to any. We ar in hand to require more monny 
 of you for my Lord of Sussex." Holograph. \ p. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM CECIL to THOMAS HENEAGE, Treasurer of 
 her Majesty's Chamber. 
 
 1570, August 19. Tuddyngton. From your and Mr. 
 Smyth's letters " I first understood of the new found old 
 stynkyng puddell. I thynk no otherwise than I myself have 
 sene manny such growen of corruption." The Queen goes on 
 Friday next to Wyne [? The Vine, Lord Sandys' seat], and I 
 mean to be at " Bulegh " on Monday night. Dr. Story is come 
 or brought to Yarmouth. Holograph. % p. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF LEICESTER to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 [1570,] Sept. 2. " Your servant hath byn with me here 
 touching the wardshipp of Anto. Butler's sonne, my 
 servaunt ; one that ever since the death of his old master, 
 the lord of Tume [? Thomond] hath served me, and so honestly 
 many ways as sewerly I was never more beholding to the 
 good wyll of any servaunt than to him. And about six or 
 seven weekes agoe, fynding him self in some danger sent 
 a man expressly to me with a letter ... to get now 
 promysse of the gyft of his sonne, which imedyatly uppon 
 receipt therof I moved her Majesty . . . and I assure you 
 hit was the first ward that ever I asked for my self." Her 
 Majesty presently granted my suit, Mr. Secretary also giving 
 me his good will, and so much was I bound to the father that I 
 mean to requite it to the son, " in bestowing wholy all the 
 benyfyt that ever any other might make of him, even uppon 
 him self." I have not yet heard of the father's death, and 
 pray that he may live longer. I most earnestly entreat you 
 to think it no lack of friendship in me that I thus deal for him, 
 seeing that " I never hard tyll now that you had made any 
 meane for him . . . and I know you wyll wey me in this 
 by the lyke in your self." Holograph. 1| pp. [Year date 
 given in endorsement.] 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 [1570,] Sept. 18. I should ere this have given you hearty 
 thanks for accomplishing my request touching Butler's son. 
 " I assure you, by the fayth of an honest man, I dyd never 
 meane or intend to be sewter for him, although I hard many 
 tymes of his dangerous sycknes, till at this tyme that he him 
 self so ernestlye besought yt of me . . . neyther wold I have 
 stucke to have releaced a better comodyty at your request 
 save only for the promysse I made to him, in respect of the 
 honest servyce he alway dyd to me." I am not }*et advertised 
 that Butler is dead. 
 
 " Her Majesties self hath honorably answered for my cousen 
 Haddon ; and yf there had byn nede ether in this or shuld be
 
 12 
 
 in the lyke hearafter, his absence shall not make me forgett 
 the offyce of a frend toward one I love so well. ... I wishe 
 him good health and you also, and so God kepe you bothe." 
 Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 SIR THOMAS SMITH to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1570, Nov. 6. Monthall. I most heartily thank you for 
 your " lag of Madera wyne. ... It maketh a very good 
 aqua vite, more myeld and gentle and pleasanter than that 
 which is made of the lies of sack. . . . 
 
 " When I was at Anker wick I was doble besegid ; without 
 with water, that no man might com to my howse for water, 
 nor we to no bodie but by bote, and that a good long jorney ; 
 within I was besegid with a catarre and an agew that kept me 
 in my bed and chamber all the while I was there, that never 
 left me till it made me past goeng and ridyng, and that in 
 six dais. ... I suppose it hath done me good, and skowred 
 away the reliques of this contagious somer and harveste, 
 encombraunces of lamenes and other imbecillities come unto 
 me by the evill disposition of the aier ; and yet an other way 
 I may dowte, for a cloth the more it is washed the more it is 
 worne. . . . But what remedie. We were away and so do 
 clothes also, washed and un washy d, clene and fowle. Tyme 
 itself doth consume and eate up both us and them. Mary, 
 som sooner and som later, but at the last all goeth one way. 
 
 "... Altho I am all together a contrey man, yet if ther 
 were eny good thyngs stirryng at the courte, I wold gladly 
 here of them. I remember when I was a boy and a yong 
 scholer of Cambridge, I cam with my tutor, Dr. Tailer, to an 
 acquayntaunce of his, one of the Charterhowse at Shene. 
 There the monk was marvelous diligent in enquiryng of newes, 
 and could tell us more newes of the cowrte, of all contreys 
 ye and of Cambridge also then we could our self. I like a 
 yong foole thought it straunge that a man enclosed within strong 
 waulles, having forsaken the world, and makyng profession 
 (as aperid owtwardly) to thynk nothyng but upon God and 
 death, was so curious to enquire of newes and so gredy to 
 know and mark all mens doeings. This my stomak and 
 myslyking of hym I could not hide, but tolde my tutor of it 
 when we cam into the feelds ; and said he could not be an 
 holy man as he was taken for, but a very hypocrite and a 
 curious fole. . . . Nay, saith he, yow are a fole. for be he never 
 so holy, yet he is a man still ; and the propert}^ of a man is 
 to deseir to know all thyngs, whither it aperteyneth to hym 
 or no. Yea niary, quoth I, for that was that which brought 
 us furst out of Paradise, bycause we wold know good and evill. 
 With that, he lawght. and I wene (saith he) so it wold do 
 agayne if we were there, so depe is the deseir of knowledge 
 fastenid in every man's harte, so that it might come lightly, 
 but where paynes must be taken for it, there few men will 
 pursue it.
 
 13 
 
 " Thus you se, when I write to yow, I must still philosophice. 
 ... All other pleasures be for tymes and places. That 
 is never out of season, the contemplation of nature and truthe 
 and the marvelous works of God." 1 p. closely written. 
 
 DR. WALTER HADPON to THOMAS HENEAGE, Treasurer 
 of the Chamber. 
 
 [1570 or 1571,*] Sept. 4. From my poor house of Cray. 
 I most unwillingly left the city before I saw you, but a violent 
 attack of the stone prevented my going anywhere, except 
 once to visit Osborne, who was so near. When the pain was 
 a little better I came to Cray, where I am in hiding until I 
 am stronger, or at any rate as long as it shall be permitted. 
 I wish you and your wife all health and prosperity. Latin. 
 
 I P> 
 
 THOMAS, LORD BUCKHTJRST to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1570[-71], Feb. 1. " I attend your answer, and if it be her 
 Majestys pleasure that I procede, as how I shold stay I know 
 not well, all my cariage and the most part of my company 
 being gon alredy so far as I am sure they will with Gods grace 
 be in Frans before I can return them. Then I specially desier 
 yf I shall not go on without seming to take knowlege of this 
 differring, wherby my coming to that end may have the same 
 thankes to her Majesty, though not the same effect to the 
 french King as tochinge the honor to be done to his entry. 
 I pray you return me answer with spede and under correction 
 I do not se upon what ground I shold stay me though the day 
 shold be differred in dede as I cannot think yt, both in respect 
 of the Ambassadors message unto me yesterday as also for 
 that I had like confirma9on by a letter from on of my servantes 
 out of Frans whom I sent away long sins." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1570[-71], Feb. 8. I arived at Calis the 7 of this monthe 
 about 4 of the clock in the afternone with a prosperous wind, 
 after six daies tariauns at Dover. . . . Twoe daies before my 
 coming to Calis, Monsieur Gordan the captain there, having 
 some advertisement that I was embarked to aryve there that 
 night, did himself and all his gentelmen captaines attend my 
 coming without the gates two houres, and after, towardes night, 
 left order to have the gates open two houres after the apointed 
 tyme of their closinge, but al in vain ; for thoughe the wind 
 served for Calis, the water wanted at Dover." When we 
 arrived, " Monsieur Gordan was a hunting, nevertheles I was 
 receved by his lieftenant and about twenty-four gentlemen 
 with him, the grete ordinans.was shot- of and divers companies 
 of harqueboziers at myne entry in to the towne very 
 
 * Heneage became Treasurer of the Chamber in 1570, and Dr. Haddon 
 died in January, 1571-2.
 
 14 
 
 galantly discharged their peces. I was brought by the said 
 lief tenant and all the gentlemen to my lodging, being a hous 
 of Monsieur Gordan's within the towne, very faier and trimlye 
 furnished, and after I had there reposede me self an hower, 
 Monsieur Gordan himself . . . came to my lodging to visyte 
 me, with a grete route of gentlemen and with maini offers of 
 all the courtesye of the worlde. . . . 
 
 " The next daie after our aryvall we remained at Calis . . . 
 in which day Monsieur Gordan, about 8 of the clocke in the 
 morning with a grete troupe of gentelmen came to visite me, 
 and sent me word that he was only come to geve me a good 
 morowe, and to desyre me and all my companie to dine with 
 him that daie, which he did so ernestly as ther was no meane 
 to denye him ; assuring you that we found marvelous grete 
 chere and as courteis entertainment as cold be wished. 
 Finally it is exceding grete the honor and courtesy which he 
 hath showed to me and to all my company, which I pray you, 
 as you se occasion, to ympart to her Majestic acordinglie. 
 I have wrytten to my Lord of Lester and to Mr. Secretarye that 
 I may have some dyrection from her Majestic what I shall do 
 if this entry be again and again diff erred, as I am informed 
 it is most likely to be. I pray you, further some dispatche 
 for me in that behalfe." Holograph. 2J pp. 
 
 THOMAS, LORD BUCKHURST to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 1570[-71], Feb. 11. Boloin [Boulogne]. " I judge er this 
 my letters ar come to your handes, which 1 wrote unto you 
 from Calais, signifieng unto you therebi the whole maner of 
 our interteinment there which was very honorable and with 
 grete courtesy performed. Now again you shall perceve by 
 thes that at our departure from Gales the governor with twenty 
 grete hors and a twenty other curtales accompanied me two 
 mile out of the towne, and wold have passed much farther yf 
 T had not staied me self and all my company and so taken leve 
 of him without any farther passing in respect of the marvelous 
 ill wether in which we then rode. About six mile from 
 Bullen [Boulogne] Monsieur Bornoiset a baron, a very proper 
 gentelman of personage and of grete courtesy and civile 
 behavier mette me, he was accompanied with Monsieur Bell 
 baron, an other barons eldest soon and with a sixteen hors. 
 Monsieur Bornoiset told me that by the Kinges expres 
 comandment he was come to do me all the honor and courtesy 
 he cold possibly devise and to accompany me even to the 
 courte for so was the Kinges comaundment, so he brought 
 me to my lodging in the base towne and then left me and 
 within half an hower after came to my lodging Monsieur 
 Kalliack governor of Bullen a welle aged man ... he gave 
 me the offer of all the courtesies in the world, and so 
 departed, and within a smal while after comes in to my 
 lodging the maior of the towne and sixteen of his brethern 
 with two bedeles with silver maces caried before them. The
 
 15 
 
 maior him self had a grete stope of Ipocras in his hand, and 
 all the rest every on a grete pot of wyne, the maior presented 
 all thes guiftes from him self and his bretherne with a solemne 
 oracion in french and I understode him by discrecion and 
 answered him again in italian and he understode me by noddes, 
 as the ape did the frier, but in good ernest the courteis 
 intertainment that we receive is very grete and every meale 
 yet the governor hath presented me with botles of wyne out 
 of bis seller. Monsieur Bornoiset meanes all the way to honor 
 me with hawking for he meanes as I understand to cary good 
 store of hawkes and spaniels with him, and you know he doth 
 me the gretest plesure of the world and specially now in this 
 my vacant time of lesure. ... I can requit them again with 
 no other courtesies but with greyhoundes and mastives, and 
 some hacknies, and thes they have at my handes, Monsieur 
 Gordan a brace of greyhoundes and Monsieur Kalliack a cople 
 of mastives, wherof thei seme to make grete estimacion, and 
 I have promised them at my returne plentye. I perceive by 
 message from our Imbassader by Mr. Denny that I shall not 
 nede to expect (sic) so long in Frauns as I thought of. Thus 
 I end with many thankes unto you for your courteis letter by 
 Mr. Cavalcante but most soroful for the sicknes of Sir Nicholas 
 Throgmorton to whome I hartely wishe recoverye as to me 
 self, both for my pry vat love to him as also for the publick 
 utilytye of our comen welth, who may ill spare so good a 
 member. . . . ' Holograph. 2| pp. 
 
 THOMAS, LORD BUCKHURST to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1570[-1]. Feb. 15. Amiens. " I came to Mountrevill 
 the 12th of this month, where Monsieur de Mailly, governor, 
 receaved me without the gates, accompanied with certain of 
 his captaines and gentelmen, he being on fote and I on 
 horsback ; and after courteis salutacions I passed on to my 
 lodginge, whether within half an hower, he with his saidd 
 gentelmen came again to visite me, off ring by all courtesie to 
 supplie any want that I or anie of my company should have. . . . 
 I therefore earnestly praied him to performe his promise 
 towardes me in the supplying of on[e] want which without him 
 I must needes indure, and that was to have the companie of 
 him self and such other gentelmen as were with him to be at 
 supper with me." He promised to come, and within a short 
 while sent his servant with half a dozen bottles of wine and 
 two boar pasties. A little before supper he sent two companies 
 of harquebuziers, with drums and fifes " geving me a very 
 brave discharge of their peces." Next morning he escorted me 
 five miles out of town, having sent some of his men before 
 with two brace of greyhounds and a leash of bastard mastiffs 
 of Brittany to see if we might have a course at the hare by the 
 way, or have hunted a wiJd boar in a wood through which we 
 were to pass, but " the boar was past from thens not half an
 
 16 
 
 hower before we came." That night we came to Abbeville, 
 where we were received with shot from harquebuziers before 
 the gates, visited by the lieutenant, presented by him and 
 the mayor with wine, and entreated with all friendship and 
 humanity. 
 
 " Thens we toke our jorney the 14th to Amiens, a citie above 
 all others that I have sene most delectable with so faire, large 
 and even stretes, so full of plesaunt walkes, so beautiful with 
 eleven ryvers passing through the same in divers places, of 
 sete and strencth so impregnable, and with so excellent and 
 so rare a churche within the same, as I promise you I think 
 I may justly preferre yt before any of thos in Italye." We 
 were received with a great number of shot, and I had not been 
 a quarter of an hour at my inn when I was visited by the 
 mayor and twenty-four aldermen. The mayor made a 
 solemn oration in latin, and presented me with " fowle of 
 so many sortes, both quick and ded as I assure you yt might 
 have been geven to a King. I replied thanks unto them with 
 such poore latten as God had lent me," and invited them all to 
 dine with me the next day. After the mayor came the sheriff, 
 the attorney and the president of justice, each bringing a present 
 of hippocras or wine. Next morning came the mayor and a 
 dozen of his brethren, offering to shew me all the beauties of 
 the city. We walked till dinner and saw very many things 
 worthy of commendation. After dinner, he caused " certen 
 of the best archers in the towne to matche them selves together 
 ... at the buttes in a very faier place made for that 
 purpose," and thence bid us into a fair house built in the 
 garden where we found " a table of eight yardes long at the lest 
 and a hundred severall banketting dishes thereupon, and in 
 divers of them mine armes so well doon, and a ship, a chariot, 
 grapes, a cocomber, a lemon, aples, a hogs fete and divers other 
 thinges in sugar so lively counterfeted as maini of us were 
 beguiled, taking them for natural!. . . . From thens we came 
 to our lodging, where I found Sir Harry Noris, and after supper 
 I took my pen forthwith to wryte all this unto you." 4 pp. 
 
 THOMAS, LORD BUCKHURST to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1570[-71], February 21. Paris." ... For Sir Nicholas 
 Throgmorton's deth, as I have just caus, so do I lamente 
 the same right hartely . . . especially for the grete loss which 
 her Majesty sustaineth by the deth of so worthy a servant, 
 and the relme of so good a member. Thus you see how our 
 frcndes faile in this world and that ther is nothing but 
 transitorie tresure here, first our dear f adder, and now Sir 
 Nicholas Throgmorton. . . . The best conifer fce that I can 
 geve is this, that we which yet remaine unfained funds do 
 love ech other hartely . . . therefore see that you love me 
 still and make much of me : as you shalbe most assured for 
 ever I will do of you," God has in nothing made me so happy
 
 17 
 
 as by the honour and favour of her Majesty, and the love and 
 friendship of you and the few other friends whom I have 
 chosen. " Remember me to your self and to your wief, to 
 John Farnam, Warcop, Ousley, Ralf Seldon, Edward 
 Cordell and Sir Gawin Caroe [Carew]. 
 
 Postscript. " The 23rd audiens is granted unto me. . . . 
 The King doth diffray mi charge where I me self lie and doth 
 in ech respect use me with so grete honor as I think more can 
 not be wished." 2 pp. 
 
 THOMAS, LORD BUCKHTJRST to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1570[-71], Feb. 24. " Heretofore her Majesty was fain to 
 seke for newes at your handes ; now therfore I have taken 
 such order as her highnes shalbe revenged on you, and you 
 shalbe glad to know newes at her Majestys handes."* We are 
 so nobly entertained here as I cannot in writing express it, 
 and pray you " helpe in ymagination to conceave yt. 
 I have no more but to enjoyne you that still you love me after 
 the old maner, and I will put you out of doute I will never 
 change you for any new frend in this world. . . , 
 
 I cannot find here any such taffeta or velvet, with the ground 
 of ash colour as her Majesty desires, " and for buttons and 
 aylettes and goldsmithes worke, where I find here on[e] pece, I 
 will see three in London, and that which there is bought for 
 a crowne costes here two." \\ pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1570[-71], March 8. Paris." . . . Touching the brute 
 of the Calis cat ... it is trew that a cat was kild and hanged 
 up with a pece of an old halter, and with no other kind of scarf, 
 God knowes, at the dore of a hous three or four houses distant 
 from the hous where I was lodged, and not in my hous ; and 
 this was interpreted by some that the same was doon by some 
 of my company in despite, that so we trusted to se all the 
 French men hanged, and we to reposses the towne ; which 
 matter being brought to the captain (of whom we had receaved 
 gretest honor) he uttred to Mr. Calvacant some wordes of 
 unkindnes towardes the doer thereof." I, being at Bolein 
 [Bologne], made a strait examination and finding no manner 
 of suspicion that it had been done by any of my men, 
 despatched my servant Reigmor to declare to him what I 
 had done and to assure him that if any of mine had been 
 found guilty, the man should have been sent to him for 
 punishment. " ' Mary, quoth he, my lord saith well, and 
 indeede I wold he were here so as I me self might ponishe him, 
 if at the lest he be ani of my lordes company, for I assure 
 you I wold ponishe him indede, for he sold be had doune into 
 my sellar, and there shold he have the best wyne and chere 
 
 * See letter to the Queen of this date in State Papers Foreign, Elizabeth. 
 (Gal. 1569-71, p. 409.) 
 
 Wt. 29495, Fi 3
 
 18 
 
 I cold make him. Tell therfore my lord your master that I 
 am fully satisfied herein and that Mr. Calvacante was over- 
 hasti to tell him thereof,' . . . And toching his goinge to the 
 courte, he told me the furst day I came to Calis, long before 
 this cat was kild that he ment to be at the courte before me, 
 to be present at the entrye, as all other captaines in Frans did 
 likewise ; and when he overtoke me by the way ... he 
 vysited me with the gretest courtesy in the world." Although 
 in so great a troop as I carry, there may always be a knave, 
 I do not verily believe that any of mine did it, or that it was 
 done in any despite, " so as this interpretation that they 
 made was very far fet. . . . 
 
 " I was resolved to go my waies the 9th, and am now staide 
 by the King til the 13th. . . . You may suspect a caus, and 
 so do I. When I returne, I can tel you more then I cold 
 when I went, a good dele. . . . 
 
 " I pray you satisfy my lorde Burley toching the cat, for 
 trust me, yt is not worth on of John Farnam's conyskins. 
 
 " Commend me to John Farnam, Ralf Seldon, Warcop, 
 Cordell, Mr. Hatton, Mr. Diar, Mr. Ousley, Sir Gawin Caroe 
 and to all our frendes." 3| pp. 
 
 FRANCIS WALSINGHAM to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 [1571 ?] June 1. Paris. Knowinge ho we dayngerowse 
 matters and thankeles mariage matters are, I thowght it good 
 to take some breathe before I gave my full opinion towelling 
 this gentelman. Thowghe he be cholerike yet lackethe he not 
 reason to governe and brydle the same. And you knowe 
 that thes natures are the best natures, and commonly prove 
 the best husbandes. Or ells shoold not you and I be in the 
 hyest degree in sooche perfectyon as we are. Yet in this 
 matter we shall doe well not to be judged neyther by Mrs. 
 Henneage nor Mrs. Walsyngham, because they are partyes. 
 
 " Yf all thinges ells faule owt to your contentement (I meane 
 towching livinge) then may you proceade, wherof I hope you 
 bothe shall receyve contentement, or elles woolde I forbeare 
 to wryte, I assure you coram deo. This letter must be common 
 to you bothe, because you are bothe aleake interressed in the 
 matter. And thowghe I wryte now in hast, yet doe I not geve 
 hastye judgement, havyng longe dysjested yt as you knowe. 
 Nowe the plauntes be wattered, god geve the encrease, to 
 whom I commyt you bothe." 
 
 Postscript. That which I write in my other letter towching 
 the sayd partye is trewe.* Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 WILLIAM, LORD BURGHLEY to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1571, Aug. 11. I was right sorry to hear yesterday of your 
 ill-health. " I am here sekyng for Idelnes, but though I come 
 
 * The words in italics are in cipher deciphered. Heneage's only daughter 
 and heiress, Elizabeth, married Moyle Finch in 1572,
 
 19 
 
 nerer hir here than whan I follow the court, yet I cannot come 
 into hir company : but if hir Majesty wold gyve me leave to 
 contynew a whyle longer in my pursuite, I have so found hir 
 steppes that I trust to come to hir lodgyng. Thus yow see I 
 am come to love hir whom gret nombres of wise men contemn. 
 I must to the court on Monday. 
 
 " Monsieur de Fois [Foix] is arryved at Dover, and will be at 
 Gravesend this night, if not at London." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 FRANCIS WALSINGHAM to LORD BTJRQHLEY. 
 
 [1571-2, March 2.] Concerning an interview between 
 a party sent by himself under the colour of a Catholic and 
 one Darbyshire, an English Jesuit in Paris, in relation to 
 the Scottish Queen. 2 pp. Copy. [Printed in Sir Dudley 
 Digges' Compleat Ambassador, ed. 1655, p. 172. 
 
 Also memorandum over leaf. 
 
 " Sir Francis Walsingham writes thus of the King of 
 France : Thus Sir you see for that he that is not settled in 
 Religion, he is caryed away with worldly respects, a common 
 misery to those of his calling." [The copy appears to be in a 
 late nth century hand.] Sketched in pencil on the last page 
 is the outline for a roof, which, with its " trusses " bears some 
 resemblance to that figured in The History of Burley on the 
 Hill, p. 65. 
 
 CLARE HADDON to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 [1572?*] March 28. Cambridge. Though I know myself 
 and am informed by my friends' letters, that your care of me 
 when absent is no less than when I was present, yet I do not 
 hesitate to spur, as the proverb goes, a willing horse, and to 
 pray you to continue to protect me as you have so long done, 
 for you see how few are those whose goodwill and assistance 
 I can reckon on. As to the saying that all men favour virtue 
 and learning, all men desire them for themselves and praise 
 them in others ; but they only favour them when set off 
 or enhanced by wealth and family. Some day I may make 
 such my friends, but meanwhile must take refuge with the few 
 I have mentioned, amongst whom I must give you the first 
 place, if for no other reason (though there are others) than 
 that you were my father's closest and dearest friend. For 
 though there is nothing in me to attract the good will of any 
 one, I measure their kindness to me by the closeness of the 
 ties between my father and them. Latin. 1 p. 
 
 Endorsed, " 1571, Clere Haddon to my Master." 
 
 * The D.N.B. states that Clare Haddon died " about 1571," and his 
 father in Jan., 1571-2. This letter was evidently written after Dr. Haddon'tj 
 death.
 
 20 
 
 THOMAS, LOUD BUCKHUEST to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1572, Easter Monday. For near two thousand years, 
 philosophers have been writing and wrangling in their search 
 for summum bonum, but have never found time to spend an 
 hour in seeking out sumum malum : yet to discover and 
 embrace the first is not more needful than to discover and 
 eschew the other. 
 
 " You wonder, I am sure, be this, to what marvelous end 
 this straunge beginning tendeth, and shall I tell you. In few 
 words then, Experto crede Roberto, if there be ani summum 
 malum in erth beyond that mischevous malum of the stone, 
 let me never have credit with you more. I have bene of late 
 so thoroughly instructed and so felingly taught yt sins I saw 
 you, as I thiiike verely for the time of my torment there was 
 never man indured a greter, and I assure you I wold have 
 thanked him ten thousand thousand times that wold have 
 thrust a sword through me. . . . 
 
 " Tomorow or next day I will crepe to the courte, God 
 willing, to se her Majestic, for the which I long very much, 
 and alwaies my mind gevethe me that I shall never be 
 thoroughly well before I have beheld her noble face, whom 
 God long preserve to her own best comforte and to all our 
 felicities." 1J pp. 
 
 SIR N[ICHOLAS] POYNTZ to his " Brother HENEAGE." 
 
 [1572 ?] Sept. 12. Penley. " . . . Hytt pleasyd my Lade 
 Marques to bystowe labor in writyng her epystle to my mother 
 for a fewe testarns thatt she lent me. I am sory that I 
 had nott thowght scorne to borowe of soche a rweachyd 
 [wretched] princes, and when I machyd [matched] in the rase 
 of thatt hongre kynred, I wolde I hade broken my ij thorns 
 in won off theyr fowndations. I use but grose tearms, yeatt 
 ar they soche ass my contre bridithe, and for her hast she 
 shall tary, I care nott thowe she bylyvid the same. Thus 
 I leave ray ling. I wyshe thatt yowe and my sistar had occation 
 to travel! into Glosstar sheare, that I myght requitt yowr 
 frindshyps showyd me when we weare last togeather." Not 
 in his own hand. 1 p. 
 
 SIR THOMAS SMITH to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1572, Sept. 16. Wodstock. " The newes of Fraunce 
 remayneth as they did, save that it is said more that Rochell 
 hath received in to it Strozy, what he hath done theer it is not 
 knowen, it is feared no good. Our Scotts on that queenes 
 party begynneth to wax more unruly syth these newes of 
 Fraunce cam to them. That the prince of Orenge hath go ten 
 Machlyn, Loveyn, Audenard and diverse other townes in 
 Brabant and Flanders it is affirmed for certaign and that the 
 Duke of Alva is gone to Valenciennes. That ther hath bene a 
 batail betwixt them at Mons it is not yet affirmed hier by eny
 
 21 
 
 letters, altho by word a great victory was talked on. Yt is 
 not amis seyng all our neaghbores be so busy, that this realme 
 be put in defence. And that is done. Yet I can not thynk 
 that this yere eny thyng shalbe attempted agaynst us, but 
 that the pope and all the confederates to hym for his sake if 
 they durst and were able do desier it and wold attempt it I 
 do not dowte. And the rather bicause the French Kyng of 
 late by this cruel and treasonable killyng of the chief e heds of 
 Christes flock, hath shewid hymself a devoute slave of the 
 devill and Antichrist. God I trust will defend his flock both 
 heare and there to, when his enemyes do most rage and thynk 
 them selves most suer. ..." 
 
 Postscript. " I wold gladly know when Water Williams 
 went into Fraunce." p. Holograph. Seal of arms. 
 
 SIR NICHOLAS POYNTZ to his sister MISTRESS HENEAGB^ 
 
 1575, May 19. Chanon Row. " Your frindly lettar I 
 have veari leysurley considerid. . . . You wott well I was 
 deseaved in her that no we do the govern, God graunt her long 
 to live prosperously, but her forgettfullness, thoughe hitt 
 disgraced me byfore the world and deminished my portion, 
 hath benefitted my sowle, I dowpt not, and brought that ys 
 left by God's grace into security for my posteriti. And for 
 your wonder why I cum not to the Court, being so niar hitt, 
 how wyllingly, tell me, wold you go into hell, to salute the 
 devills their, though you weare standing upon the brink 
 thereoff," but " wold retyar by your wyll to Copt Hale as I 
 will by Gods help to Acton . . . and do not care the valu 
 of your stinkinst wyde [weed] in your garden for the greatest 
 personage living that intendith to do me wrong. . . . And all 
 the harm I wyshe any of them ys that iff they be wyckid, they 
 may be yet afore they dy made sayncts." 
 
 As to my marrying, I shall never marry any woman in regard 
 of her favour and personage. What my state and ability of 
 living is you know well, but how well and quietly I can pass 
 my time with a little, what malice I bear to ambition and 
 how I despise and detest vanity, now had in veneration and 
 practised in place of civility and godliness, God doth only know. 
 
 " Now for Mistress Deny, her portion is to defray sumthing 
 moer than her charge she wyll bring me, for exept I be falsely 
 informed she hathe the park she dwellithe in and a 116Z. rent 
 bysydes her parck, and sum wods in the forest, the certaynte 
 whereof I wold be glad I did know. She hath no chyld in her 
 care. This shall satisfy me iff she be a good woman and wylbe 
 an obedient wyff. Butt iff Mr. Deny with this litle living 
 hath given her his prodigall hart, then ys she nott for me, for 
 so wold hitt be the spoyle off my children, and the beggeri 
 off such as I myght have by her. ... If you procide for me, 
 lett me not wyn her love like a foole, nor spend long tyme 
 like a boy. As God shall help, I am moch trobled to think I 
 must speake to any woman won loving word." 4 pp.
 
 22 
 
 H[ENRY] WOTTON to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1576, May 6. Booton. I am bold to believe " that I can 
 not aske any thing of my beste cosen that hee will deny me ; my 
 requeste therefore is that the land which my father willed to 
 be solde, which is the maner of olde Byland, I dying without 
 children may retorne to Master Wotton ; for that if it please 
 the lorde so to dele with me, I knowe not any way in the 
 worlde so well to bestoe it or all that I have. . . . ' 
 Holograph. \ p. 
 
 SIR NICHOLAS POYNTZ to his sister, MISTRESS HENEAGE. 
 
 1576, Aug. 20. Announcing the death of their sister,* and 
 asking what she thinks best to be done for the children. 
 Fears that the husband " hath not the grace to show himself 
 a natural father." Means to ride over into that country on 
 Monday next to see Sir John Barkeley (who " came to hir 
 two dayse byfoir she dyed ") and has sent secretly to Pittman 
 " to detayne any writings from Sir J. that might tooch hiss 
 childern." Wishes his sister to be as favourable to the father 
 as she can, for the children's sake, as she will thus be the 
 better able to help them. Touching their sister's sickness, 
 she was taken with a fever, whereof she died four days later 
 in a patient and godly manner. Holograph. 2 pp. 
 
 SIR FRA. WALSINGHAM to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1577, Sept. 4. Purforde. Will do his best to further Mr. 
 Manhod to the place of Chief Baron, knowing no man in 
 England so fit for it. " He hathe greate ennemyes and thos 
 that have chefest voyce hi chapter, bot perhaps tyme 
 and other well handeling may bryrige them to be of an 
 other opinion." 
 
 Believes that the outrage upon his brother Beale was com- 
 mitted " by pyrates and not by practyce," as his packet of 
 letters was not taken from him. Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 SIR CHRIS. HATTON to THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1577, Sept. 25. The Court. " In geaving you a hartie 
 welcome out of Kent, I am to let you know that her Majestie 
 by meane of your absence hathe thought your jorney very 
 ]ong, and at this present is moche trobled with the conclusion 
 of the peace in Fraunce, the commyng downe of the Duke of 
 Gwyes, who is already in Lorayne neere unto Namures with 
 ten thousand men, which streingthe he offerethe to the ayde 
 of Don John. The Marques of Haveryf is here in Ambassage 
 from the States, uppon whose commynge all the lordes are 
 assembled, and in weightie affayers as greately busied as at 
 any tyme I have knowen them. At your good ley sure, I wolde 
 
 * Frances Poyntz, married to Sir John Berkeley of Beverston Castle, 
 co. Gloucester. 
 
 | Charles Philippe de Croy, Marquis d'Havre.
 
 be right glad of your good companye, but I shold do you 
 wronge to desire your leaving of the quiet ease you take at 
 Copthall for our troblesome courting life ; and therefore when 
 your selfe shall best lyke, you shalbe best wellcome . . . ' 
 P.S. " Sir I thanke you muche for your frenche cooke 
 whom as yet I have lyttell provid, but hope well of his 
 connynge." Signed. 1 p. 
 
 SIR NICHOLAS POYNTZ to his brother, THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1577, Nov. 29. Acton. Through misunderstanding your 
 letters I did not write to Mr. Secretary, but I hope that no 
 one so grave and upright will heed the forged complaint of a 
 varlet, my enemy, but will accept my answer. I have now 
 written to him and send you the letter open, with my seal, 
 to be delivered only if you like of it. If it may please you, 
 talk yourself with Mr. Secretary touching me, " but do with 
 all my hearte pray you nott to think hitt best for me to make 
 my excuse there in my owne parson, exept by commandment 
 I be therto forcid agaynst my wyll, and then must I wade 
 throwgh thick and thin ass I may. . . . ' 
 
 Postscript. " Bycause the matter yss such ass I wold not 
 have knowon to any that servith me, therefor I have writon 
 to Mr. Secretary in my owne scriblid hand." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 BRIDGET, COUNTESS OF BEDFORD to SIR THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1577, Dec. 26. Exeter. " Good Sir Thomas, I have 
 receved your letter, wherby I reape no smale comfort of the 
 contynuannce of her Highnes great goodness towardes my 
 Lord and me. Being the only thing we desyre by our lyf and 
 service to mayneteyne, and every waye (as occasion may geve 
 us leave) to increase. And wher by you I fynd her Highnes 
 care to streach even upon myne, it is a thing I more (if yt 
 may be) esteme, then her favor upon myself : whos yeres are 
 now not long to contynue by course of nature, and therfore 
 would be glad to joyne in that my happyness, thos who are 
 better able to serve, and likelyer to contynue by her to be 
 comaunded : And so would be most glad yt might pleas her 
 Highness to accept my Lord Gray as one of myne, whose 
 estate in that degree standing in worse termes, I most desyre 
 to have yt amended : Ever carving that indyfferent mynd 
 amongst my chyldren (of which I make no smale accompt of 
 hym) most to releve them, who stand in most need. The 
 abylytie of the man I will not speak of, becawse he is so nere 
 me : Mary, tendring hym as I do I cannot but be greatly 
 greved to see hym want the comfort of her favor, without the 
 which our lyves are loathsome unto us. Well I will saye no 
 more, but leave the success to God and her Highnes good 
 pleasure. And for yourself I will now forbeare to yeld thankes 
 wher deedes are fytter to be bestowed, restyng in goodwill 
 every way as thankfull to you, as you are any way to be used
 
 24 
 
 by me. So praing that I may be most hartly comended to 
 iny Lady your wyf as to yourself, do forbeare further to 
 trouble you, and byd you most hartly farewell. 5 ' Signed, 
 " your assurede frende for ever, B. Bedforde." 
 
 KATHERINE, LADY FINCH to her son ME. MOYLE FINCH. 
 
 1580,* Dec. 6. Eastwell. " Sonne Fynch I ame most 
 willing to be with my good daughter in her travayle and to 
 see my lady heanage and my lyttle ones butt if tyme will 
 suffer I wold stay here untill after newe yeares day for that I 
 do then appoynt God willing to have dyvers of my freandes 
 and neyghbours heare with me and therfore lett me have my 
 daughters opinyon by this berer for setting all matters apart 
 the lord suffering I will not fayle to be with her : if this bearer 
 may have the mesure of your parler I will send you hangings for 
 the same or any other thinge in this house may pleasure you : 
 and so with the lords blessing and myne and most harti com- 
 mendations to your self and my good daugter from all your 
 freands heare, I committ you and all yours to hys mercifull 
 and continual] goodnes." Signed, Katheryne Fynche. 1 p. 
 
 GEORGE WIATT to his brother[-in-law], MOYLE FYNCH. 
 
 1582, Oct. 19. " According to my promis I have moved 
 my Lady (as your desiare was) tuchinge an asshurans by 
 bonds betwene her selfe, my father Sentleger, and my selfe, 
 on the one side, and your selfe on the other side, for your 
 sisters mony. Whareto she will by no meanes condesend, 
 affirminge that she will admit no alteration herein. . . . The 
 controversye betweene Mr. John Audly and me I have 
 gained and ther with a paire of glovese, which I bequeve unto 
 my sister your wife, whome I am shuer he will not defraude of 
 them, seinge he can not but know the dutes that belonge to 
 wimen that is so parfect in Tullise offices. The place is as I 
 saide in his first booke of Offic[es] in the treates of temperans. 
 The woords are " Nostro quidem more cum parentes puberes 
 fillii, cum soceris generi non lavantur. . . . ' 1 p. 
 
 W. POYNTZ to his Master, SIR THOMAS HENEAGE. 
 
 1583, July 4. Heneage House. "I delyveryd your 
 letters to Mistris Skydmore, and your token to her Majestie 
 . . . and recevyd thys answer from her : that her highnes 
 estemed much of the Jewell both for the rarenes and devyse, 
 becawse ytt was the best that ever she sawe of that kynde, 
 but she estemed muche more of the good wyll of hym that 
 sent ytt, for whose sake she woolde weare ytt tyll hys 
 retourne on that eare that sholde not herken to any thinge 
 that sholde any wayes hurte hym that sent ytt ; and as the 
 woorde amat iste sine fine was yours to her so wolde she have 
 
 * Endorsed in error " 1560."
 
 25 
 
 ytt hers to you I love sine fine. And besydes that, for so 
 gentleye remembring of herr she sent you ten thowsand 
 myllyons of thankes and wyll send you a token agayne before 
 your retorne, which she prayeth may be sone, for she mysseth 
 you all redye. Mr. Secretarye hath not byn well att ese synce 
 your departure but hath kept hys chamber. I delyveryd 
 your letters to hym, and he desyred a note whether to send 
 to you in Yorke." 
 
 I also delivered your letters to my Lady Lay ton, Mr. 
 Brakenburye and the Earl of Huntington, who sends one to 
 you and another to the Archbishop of York. I also enclose 
 letters from Mr. Fenton (who is come to-day to the court) 
 Mr. Bertie and my lady. 
 
 The lowest price I can " drive it to here " for the stone for 
 your terrace stairs is sixteen pence a foot, to have it laid, 
 and I to find the carriage thither. It should be gone about 
 presently for there is not so much stone hi London of that 
 sort as- will do it. 
 
 " My ladye hath wrytten to me that she ys muche offendyd 
 for your coche, and sayth that my ladye Manwood hath a 
 better then yours for twenty-five pounds. Yf any man have 
 a better then yours for the pryce that you paye, I dare be 
 bownde to loose a hundred pounds. Yf the losse of my lyfe 
 had lyne on ytt I coolde do no more then I dyd." She orders 
 me not to suffer her old coach to be new trimmed till she 
 can be at the doing of it herself. I delivered your letters to 
 Mr. Osborne " who hummeth and haeth at them " and says 
 money is very scant and will have to be looked for. 
 
 Postscript. " If your bracelet be donne at Hyllyardes, you 
 shall receive it by this bearer. Hardret hath not one of those 
 glasses you wrote to me for, nor yet any other." 2 pp. 
 
 W. POYNTZ to his mistress, LADY HENEAGE. 
 
 1583, July 23. Heneage House. I have received your 
 letters and sent those for my master by Talbott's man, who 
 is ridden to York, and with them letters of Mr. Brakenburyes 
 and Mr. Bartyes. Those to my Lady Warwick I have given 
 into her own hands. She sends you thanks and commenda- 
 tions ; also commendations to her cousin Fynche and his 
 wife, and their daughter Anne. 
 
 " I was yesternyght with Mistress Skydmore to knowe ho we 
 her Majestic dyd, who delyveryd me a token from her Majestic 
 to my master. Ytt was a butterflye of mother of perle as I 
 take ytt, with this message, that her Excellencye knoweing 
 that her Saiiguyne was farre in the colde north countrye where 
 no [butter] flyes weare, dyd send hym that butterflye to playe 
 with, that he myght allwayes remember her that sent ytt, 
 and she her selfe dyd and wolde weare the bodkyn and 
 pendant that he sent her on that eare that sholde heare 
 nothing that sholde hurte him ; and further that she had sent 
 to knowe where you weare, and understoode you were in
 
 Kent, and therefore prayd hym to haste home that she myght 
 see you bothe, but she knewe not to which of you he sholde 
 be best wellcome ; and further to give him a thousand thankes 
 for the care he had to here from her. 
 
 " All the newes that I can learne here ys that Mr. Parrett* 
 who stale awaye my ladye of Essex daughter ys comytted to 
 the Fleete, and Burrowes, one of the offycers of the shypps 
 who was sent in the barke Talbott to take the pyrattes on the 
 narrowe seas hath taken Mr. Purser the chefe pyratt hys 
 barke and flye bote, and one Clynton, a nother pyratt and his 
 barke, and one other with his pynas, whose name I cannot 
 tell." 
 
 I trust my master's stairs at Copthall will please him well 
 enough. They will be 13 inches broad. I would have had 
 them 14 inches, but necessity hath no law ; the time is so 
 short that it was not possible to have the stones hewed, and 
 you shall never have any of that breadth ready made. I 
 shall be with Mr. Gull at the assizes, and on my return will 
 certify your ladyship what is done. 
 
 Postscript. " It ys thought the quene removyth one 
 tewysdaye next to Syon, and from thens to Otelandes. The 
 Lord Jesus bee with you." 2 pp. 
 
 Addressed, " To the ryght woorshypfull my especyall good 
 ladye and Mistress the Lady Henneage, of her Majesties most 
 honorable privye chamber gyve these att Mote near Can- 
 terburye with sped." 
 
 SIR PHILIP SIDNEY to SIR MOYLE FINCH. 
 
 1585, Dec. 20. Flushing. " Cousen Fynche, Having nowe 
 occasion for the furnishing of my bande of horsemen to become 
 a begger unto many of my good frendes for horses, I have 
 thought good emongest the rest to make bolde with you, 
 Praying you to pleasure me with a serviceable horse out of 
 your Quyrrie, Which I assure you at this tyme wilbe very 
 wellcome unto me, And you shall fynde that I will deserve this 
 favour at your handes. And so I comitt you to God." 
 
 "Your very loving cousen," Signed, " Philip Sidnei." | p. 
 
 W. POYNTZ to his mistress LADY HENEAGE. 
 
 1586, April 9. Utricke. On Easter even I came to 
 Rochester, but found that her Majesty's ship the Bull was 
 gone to Queenborowe, where I found her waiting for the 
 captain, who was to bring down the treasure. On Easter 
 Day at night he arrived, and next morning we went as low 
 as Margate, where Mr. Edward Norrys came aboard. With 
 the evening tide we weighed anchor, but when we came to 
 the Foreland the wind had grown so great that the master 
 and captain resolved to go no further. I was so importunate 
 that at one of the clock he weighed anchor again and took 
 
 * Sir Thos. Perrott married Lady Dorothy Devereux in July, 1683.
 
 27 
 
 the seas. It blew so sore that it broke the yard of our foresail 
 clean asunder, but they pieced it to serve their turn so well 
 that by twelve of the clock that Tuesday we came before 
 Flushing, and so to the Ramekyns Castle, where I went aland, 
 and so on foot to Myddelborough and from thence to Anne we. 
 There I took shipping to Dort and again to Vyenna [Vuanne] 
 where I took a skewte which brought me to Utrycke. Here 
 I found my master in good health, who was not a little glad 
 of my coming, and so were all the company of English men. 
 " I lacked not guydes to brynge me to my master hys lodgeing, 
 for every gentleman that met me wolde needes bringe me 
 . . . so gredye they were to heare of newes." 
 
 After my master had looked upon his letters, he went to 
 his Excellency [the Earl of Leicester], " who joyed not a 
 lyttle att hys comeing, and I do assure your ladyship that 
 ytt ys not possyble for a man to use any hi better sorte then 
 hys Excellencye doth my master." 1 p. 
 
 SIR MOYLE FINCH. 
 
 1588, July 24. The camp at Tilbury West. Commission 
 from the Earl of Leicester (lieutenant general of the forces 
 levied for defence of the Queen and country) appointing 
 Sir Moyle Finch, her Majesty's treasurer at wars, to be colonel 
 of a foot regiment. Signed and sealed by Leicester. Counter- 
 signed Rych. Lloyd. Parchment. 1 sheet. 
 
 1588, Aug. 15. The camp at Tilbury West. Warrant 
 from the Earl of Leicester, to all those whom it may concern, 
 to be aiding and assisting to Sir Moyle Finch, treasurer at 
 wars or his deputies, in the provision of such men, carriages, 
 horses, boats, &c, as he may need in the discharge of his duties. 
 Signed and sealed by the Earl. 1 p. 
 
 Also 
 
 Commission from Sir Moyle Finch to " the bearer," appointing 
 him his deputy for the execution of the above warrant (recited). 
 Signed and sealed. 1 p. 
 
 R. EARL OF LEICESTER to SIR MOYLE FINCH. 
 
 1588, August 17. Stone. Warrant to make entry of 
 Mr. Horsey and Mr. Hussey and their " companies of launcers," 
 lately come up from Dorsetshire, in her Majesty's pay from 
 the 10th inst, when they began to give their attendance at 
 the Court, and also to imprest to them half a month's pay, 
 to be defalked out of their entertainment. 
 
 Postscript. Desires that the muster master may " repaire 
 hither to Dertford presentlie to take view of theis gentlemen's 
 horses." Signed. $ p. 
 
 Addressed, " To Sir Moyle Finche knight, treasurer of her 
 Majesties Army for forraine invasions."
 
 28 
 
 THOMAS PINCH to his brother SIR MOYLE FINCH. 
 
 1588[-9], March 13. Dover. I write to request your 
 wonted favour for some necessary help, in which you may 
 stand me in stead, either by Mr. Vice-chamberlain's or 
 your favourable letter to our two generals. 
 
 " Beinge appoynted by Sir Fra. Dracke to the Fortune of 
 Dover, was countermaunded by my Lord Generall to the 
 William and John of Lime, a ship liking me very well. But 
 as I was disapoynted in my former, so is theyr one Captain 
 Ward disapoynted in the second, upon which occacion he 
 laboreth to be shipped according to his former appoyntedment, 
 against whom I labor to injoy my present possession." This 
 matter will be decided before your letter can come to them, 
 but perceiving you regard my credit, they will be the more 
 favourable to me ; "in which your letter, I besech you let 
 thanks be joyned for theyr good regard they had of me for 
 your sake." 
 
 My money was all spent long before I left Canterbury, 
 towards my soldiers' victuals, but " such is the frindship 
 I find of Mr. John Moore as that I have duringe the shipps 
 lyinge here my lodginge and most of my meat and drinke, 
 for which favor I besech you give him thanks for me." 1 p. 
 
 E[LIZABETH] FINCH to her mother, LADY HENEAGE, 
 
 at Court. 
 
 [1589 ?*] April 27. Eastwell. This nyght late Mr. 
 Fynch receved sum letters from his lawyers that kepes him 
 ocupyed so as he prays you pardun him that he writes not to 
 you, we can here send you no news but earnestly desiar to here 
 sum thing from you we writ to you sence we herde any thyng 
 from you, my thynkes we shuld here now of sum prety 
 progres, so Copthall be not in the way I wolld be very glad 
 of it for that I hope then we shuld se you here, wher I think 
 surely you shuld fynd very good and swet ayre that shuld in 
 sum sort suply such other lackes as you shuld fynd here 
 with all, and so praying the lord Jesus to kepe you ever, with 
 Mr. F[ynch] and my humbyl duty to my father and you I 
 leve trobylyng you. . . . 
 
 " I can not forgyt my parke but must nedes remember it, 
 I am every day so besy abowt the seyng the tymber feled for it." 
 Endorsed. " To the Lady Heneage, From Lady E. Finch, 
 27 Aprill." 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 SIR MOYLE FINCH to his mother[-in-law] LADY HENEAGE. 
 
 1589, May 17. Eastwell. I do greatly thank you for the 
 good news you send me. " We are here wher litle goeth 
 forward with moch adoc. On Tuesday we send the children 
 to Stubbes, of whoine I am well persuaded, for their booke 
 
 * Moyle Finch was knighted 1584-5 ; but the wives of knights often spoke 
 of their husbands as " Mr."
 
 29 
 
 and other usage. I shall sone know how it will fall out. I 
 wish that eyther you might tary at the Corte without hurt, 
 or wold lyke to come hyther with so moch trouble, because 
 I am more trobled to thynke that when you shold be at home, 
 which is so seldome, I shold not be with you. I beseach you 
 that the Parke may be remembered. ... I thynke that 
 before her Majesties half promis be forgotten, it wer better 
 spoken of agayne then after. . . ." 
 
 Postscript by Lady Finch. " I must not forget my humble 
 duty to my Father and you, with my thanks for his remem- 
 brance of me." 1 p. 
 
 W. LOED COBHAM to SIR Tnos. SCOTT and SIR THOS. 
 SONDES, deputy lieutenants of East Kent. 
 
 1589, Dec. 5. London. Informing them that in accordance 
 with the Queen's commission to him to appoint one or more 
 provost marshals in his lieutenancy, " for the punishment 
 of all souldiers, marriners, masteries men and other vagrant 
 persons wandring abroad contrary to her Majesties procla- 
 macion," he has nominated Thomas Nevinson of Eastry, gent., 
 a person of good discretion and ability, to be provost marshal 
 in the Lathes of Scray, Ship way and St. Augustines with the 
 city of Canterbury. And for the better execution of the service, 
 sends them instructions which he prays them earnestly to see 
 carefully observed by the justices of the Peace and others. 
 
 Moreover, as her Majesty is unwilling that the office of 
 provost marshal shall continue at the cost of the country for 
 longer time than is necessary to deliver the country of idle 
 and vagrant persons, the money to be assessed for this charge 
 is to be levied monthly, and " collected by three third parts 
 of the taxation upon the pound in the last payment of the 
 subsidy, as namely two pence in the pound of the valuation in 
 lands for every of theis three monethes, if it shall happen to 
 have soe long continuance, and three halfe pence in the pound 
 of the valuation in goods monethly for the first two monethes, 
 and a penny in the pound for the last moneth." One or two 
 justices of the Peace are to be appointed in each lath to receive 
 the moneys as they are collected, and pay them over to the 
 provost marshals and their horsemen, according to the rate 
 of their " service and continuance." 
 
 Postscript. They are to give the provost marshal his orders 
 in writing, and to acquaint the justices therewith, sending 
 them copies of the instructions and of these letters. Copy. 
 I p. 
 
 CARDINAL CAETANO to the MARECHAL BIRON. 
 
 1590, Feb. 28. Paris. His Holiness has heard so much of 
 your Excellency's valour and piety, from many persons, and 
 especially by the testimony of Cardinal Moresino, that upon 
 appointing me his legate in France, he laid it upon me as a 
 principal commission to give you his blessing, as also to inform
 
 30 
 
 you of his Holiness's views in relation to my mission, and to 
 avail myself of your advice for the conservation in that realm 
 of the Catholic faith, of which, he knows well, your Excellency 
 has been at all times the valiant defender. But as, up to 
 this time, I have not been able to see you, I desire at least 
 to salute you by letter, and to communicate to you his 
 Holiness's purpose in this my legation, viz. to uphold the 
 Catholic religion and preserve the integrity of the kingdom for 
 those who will lawfully succeed to it. It will be very pleasing 
 to me if your Excellency could offer me any occasion to serve 
 you, that I might show my high esteem for you and the fatherly 
 goodwill of his Holiness. What more I have to say to you, 
 I pray you to learn from the bearer, to whom I have spoken 
 at length. Copy. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 ADVERTISEMENTS from EDWARD GRYMESTONE. 
 
 1590, Aug. [10-]20. Dieppe. " The King understandinge 
 that de Mayne was somewhat retyred meanyng to presse Parris 
 more and to hynder all entrie of victualls, on the 25 of July 
 caused the Mareshall Byron and the Baron of Byron to seise 
 upon the suburbes of St. Martyn, St. Dermys, Mommartre 
 and Set. Honore which [sic] then was Fervagues and Set. Luc ; 
 this was don and they barricaded even at the gates of the towne 
 with very smalle losse. St. Anthoriye's . Gate could not be 
 shutt upp by reason of the Bastylle and the Bulwarkes, but 
 to prevent all entringe the King hath daylie in gard 500 horse 
 at Petit St. Anthonye's. 
 
 " On the other syde of the ryver the Mareschall d'Omont, 
 [d'Aumont] Monsieur Chastillon and La Verd}^! with their 
 troupes did seize on the wholle suburbes so as nowthinge can 
 come in or owt but by the King's permission. 
 
 " The 27 the King was advertised that D. Mayne did bend 
 his forces towardes La Ferte sur Tonarre which his nobylitie 
 much rejoyced at. They all resolved to fight. The King gave 
 commandment that all lewde women should depart the campe, 
 that they should absteyn from swearinge and that every one 
 should prepare himself for that happie daye. The King 
 went himself the 2 of August to Laigny to assure the place 
 and sent Monsieur Guytry to Meanx to discover the enemye. 
 
 ' The 4 of August the King declared in cownsell the state 
 of Parris and that they mynded to treate, so as they demaunded 
 pasport by Monsieur Dandelotte who had byn taken prisoner, 
 for the Cardynall Gondye and the Bishop of Lyons, their 
 trayne, coches, mulettes and equipage, which was refused 
 them. 
 
 " Their pasport was accorded to come the next day to 
 Petit St. Anthony whether the King would vouchsafe to 
 come. 
 
 " Sonday at one of the clock the deputies came and were 
 receyved by Monsieur Byron, who brought them to the Abbey 
 where the King receyved them with great courtesye, and
 
 31 
 
 gave them audyence in his chamber in the presence of the 
 Prynces, the Maresshalls, Offycers of the Crowne and those 
 of his Cownsell. 
 
 " The CardjTiall Gondy, who spake first, takinge the grownd 
 of his speeche from the myseryes that Fraunce did endure 
 sayd that the only desyre to see an ende of them had brought 
 them to his Majestic, with charge from them of Parris to goe 
 to the Duke de Mayne to treate a generall peace, and this was 
 the somme of their charge. 
 
 "The King causinge them to retyre, consulted what he 
 should doe and after conference with eyther of them aparte 
 he caused Monsieur de Revoll to see their comission which was 
 to go to the King of Navarre and after to the Duk de Mayne 
 to treate a generall peace. Then callinge them together 
 he gave them this answere : 
 
 " No man knoweth better then my self the myseries that 
 my Realme suffreth. None hath more interest nor can better 
 seeke and fynde the remedyes to theise mischiefes with more 
 zeale and goodwill then my self, myseries which wee terme 
 extreeme and daungerous synce the warr of the Ligue hath 
 caused the death of our King and poluted the honour of the 
 French Nation. 
 
 " That he could be well pleased if any Potentate straunger 
 should seeke to deale betwixt him and the Duk de Mayne, 
 who is head of an army composed of Spanyardes, but to see 
 his subjectes of Parris do yt he could not alowe of yt. They 
 ought to have come to hym in an other sorte. 
 
 " That Parris was his eldest daughter, that he did supporte 
 ther daunger with sorrow and could subdue them by force 
 if he pleased. He from whom they should take all their releif 
 in extremytie would that they should receyve yt ymedyatly 
 from him and not by the mediacion of the King of Spaigne 
 or Monsieur de Mayne. 
 
 " That with the helpe of God and ayde of his nobilyte he 
 would hynder the King of Spaygne from plantinge of newe 
 collonyes in Fraunce. 
 
 " Yow ought, said hee, to dye for shame (you that ar borne 
 and bredd French) to subject your selves to the slavery of 
 Spayne, and to see 10,000 sowles dye for honger in your streetes 
 of Parris. 
 
 " The King hevinge made a longe and passionate discourse 
 with them, concluded that Parris beinge in great extremytio 
 they had most neede of present remedye ; he offred them 
 8 dayes to goe begge relief from the Due de Mayne, with 
 charge that they should presently treate for Parris and that 
 they should give in ostages to satisfie the accorde and if the 
 Due de Mayne did not releive them then the capitulacion 
 to take effect and the King to be receyved in Parris. Whereto 
 they answered that they desyred to begyn with a generall 
 peace the which was the course had byn always observed 
 with the Hugonytes. The King answered with greate affeccion
 
 32 
 
 that he desyred nothinge more then their good. After all 
 that, fynding the cure of St. Severyn the King used him with 
 so good termes as he protested with teares that if hee had byn 
 governor of Parris they should yeeld the next daye ; And 
 retournynge to the towne he so perswaded them to yeeld 
 (as some say) that they comytted hym to prison. 
 
 " Their extremytie is great. The poorer eat bread made 
 of slate* and the Pryncesses made of oates, It is credebly 
 reported that within the parrish of St. Martyn des Chamos 
 there dyed within 2 dayes 900 children of famyne. Their 
 streetes ar paved with dead carcasses and their rampiers ful 
 of famyshed creatures cryinge owt for releif yet their hartes 
 hardned and see not their own myserie, for they say twoe 
 within the town cryinge the One Vive le roy and the other 
 ' Yeeld, Yeld ' were both hanged. 
 
 " Madame de Mayne sent her husband word that she had 
 not bread for 2 dayes, disyringe him if he had no care of her yet 
 hee would take pittie of his children and howse and eyther 
 releyve them quickly or make a peace. 
 
 " The Duke makes no hast to releve yt. Some thinkes 
 that hee attends the Duke of Parma with his armye but the 
 wyser ar of opynyon he will not come what shewe soever he 
 make. But I hope he shall come too late for Parris, which 
 cannot hould out longe. The King doth wishe his comynge 
 and as yt seemeth feareth him not much for that he hath 
 suffred St. Luc to come downe to Pont de Larche with 400 horsse 
 and hath taken Cbasteau Gallard by composicion. 
 
 " The King the 10th of August went with certeyn horsemen 
 towards Meaux to discover the enemy, where comyng to a 
 bridge of boates they had made over the Marne, commanded 
 his gentlemen to leave their horses, charged their Corps de 
 Guarde which was of the Spanyardes mutyns, drowned 200 of 
 them, tooke eight of their commanders and made all the wholle 
 army ready to move awaye and so he returned. 
 
 " At Roan they ar in greate division, having three factions 
 in the towne, but none for the King in open shewe. One is 
 for Monsieur de Mylleray who houldes the Castell and the owld 
 Pallace. Ane other is for the Vycount of Tavannes, and the 
 third for the Governour of Newhaven [i.e. Havre de Grace], 
 so as they say they ar barricaded one against an other and 
 their gates shutte. 
 
 " We have newes from Parry s that they contynewe still 
 obstynate and yet in wonderfull great extremitie. The Due de 
 Mayne treates harde to make his peace and speakes all the 
 good he can of the King. The Chevallier d'Aumalle hath 
 kissed the King's handes and retourned very well satisfied. 
 
 "It is thought the Due de Mayne hath above 3,000 horse 
 and 8,000 foote. The Duke of Parma is at Arras where he 
 hath assembled the States to have their consentes to come 
 
 * Slate or slat : pod or husk, as of peas, &c. Wright, Dialect Dictionary.
 
 33 
 
 downe, the which is thought they will not grant him." 3 pp. 
 Endorsed, " Advertisements from Deepe of the 20 of Aug. 
 Stila nova." 
 
 SIR ROBERT CECIL to his " cousin," LADY HENEAQE.* 
 
 [1591-93?] "Your cousin shewed me your letter, which 
 I am required to answer in her behalf, being most concerning 
 my owne fortune. The lady that told you of her Mistresses 
 resolution, I assure you for my part heares more then I do. 
 . . . for more then Mr. Vice-Chamberlayne himself at his 
 howse did tell me thereof, I have not to any purpose receavyd 
 other advertisement ; only this my Lord did deliver to the 
 Queen his great and ernest desire to leave the place to whom 
 her Majesty would assigne it, having many moneths indured 
 the burden of it ; to whom her Highnes answer was, that it 
 shold shortly be don, and that to his comforte ; since which 
 time he hath been sick, and but that my Lord Chancellor 
 moving her Majesty likewise to the same effect, receavyd 
 like answer ... I have not heard anything woorthy hope 
 or credit. But for Mr. Vice-Chamberlaine's honorable answer 
 . . . I can only promis him and you all love and service 
 in requitall of your underserved favour and kindnes. 
 
 " For the other matter your ladyship wisheth so well unto, 
 I hope the best," nothing happening that " is other then of 
 best hope and likelihood, which shall continue and prosper 
 the better for your ladyship's good praiers." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 SIR THOMAS HENEAGE to his daughter ELIZABETH. 
 
 1592, September 15. "At Sherbourn the courte." " I 
 thank you my good Besse for your letter, but bicause you 
 wryte that your Mother feeles not herself well, thoe she 
 wryte nothing thereof me, I pray you particulerly advertise 
 me by this bearer (whome I send of purpose) how she doth. 
 How we doo heare you shall knowe by your mother, to whome 
 and to your self my Lady Shefeld most hartely commends 
 her and praed me to send you word that she longed for lytle 
 Besse. More I have no leasure for, but to wyshe me at Estwell. 
 And so praye the Lord Jesus ever to blesse you. 
 Your father that loves you, T. Heneage." Signed. \ p. 
 Addressed, " To my doghter the Lady Fynche at Estwell." 
 
 E. R[ALEGH] to SIR MOYLE FINCH. 
 
 [1592.] The Tower. Your kinness and me ladis con- 
 teneweth to the end and ever : wich must and douth bind 
 me to aknooleg hit forever : for my sicke esstat I wryt to 
 you the manner ther of befor : I contenew even so stell : 
 
 * This was probably written to the first Lady Heneago (who died in 1593), 
 as the second kept her title of Countess of Southampton. 
 
 Wt. 29495. FI 3
 
 34 
 
 yet have I such help as I may, but I will now tri your ladis 
 medsen ; I thanke you for your advis to wryt to Mr. vis-cham- 
 barlin : I will parforrfi hit to moro in such sort as hee may 
 shoo hit the q[ueen] : I can most willingly wryt to him wher 
 I asur my selfe of helpe : sine I have wrytten to me L[ord] 
 Chambarlin wher I much hope for non : but so must I be 
 reuled. I am dayly put in hope of my deliverey : but I 
 protest I will not hope tell your fathar* [come ?] hether : 
 I asur you treuly I never desiared nor never wolde desiar 
 my lebbarti with out the good likeking ne [nor] advising of 
 Sur W[alter] R[alegh] : hit tis not this in prisonment if I 
 bought hit with my life that shuld make me thinke hit long 
 if hit shuld doo him harme to speke of my delivery : but Sur 
 R. S[ecill ?] was somwhat deseved in his Jugment hi that 
 and hit may be hee findeth his eror : I pray you tell your 
 ladi I reseved heer kind lettar from Cubbam [Cobham]: when 
 wee mit wee will talke of hit : the to war standeth just in the 
 way to Kent from Copthall : and who knooeth what will be 
 com of me when I am out : the plage is gretly sesid and ever 
 hath bin cliar heer a bout : and wee ar trew with in ourselfes 
 I can .asur you. Towar, ever asureedly yours in frinshep. 
 E. R." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 [N.B. Ralegh and Elizabeth Throgmorton were believed 
 not to be married until after their release from the Tower, 
 but the signature of this letter (E.R. not E.T.), seems to 
 point to an earlier private marriage.] 
 
 QUEEN ELIZABETH to [Sin MOYLE FINCH] Sheriff of Kent, 
 and the late DEPUTY LIEUTENANTS there. 
 
 [1597,] April 29, anno 39. Palace of Westminster. Is 
 sending Sir Thomas Wilford, knight, " a man of good experience 
 in service," to muster 450 of the most able men of the county, 
 to be in readiness to be committed to such captains as shall 
 be nominated by the Council. Desires the sheriff to take care 
 that Sir Thomas may be " assisted with all good meanes to 
 execute this service." Sign manual, " Elizabeth R." 1 p. 
 Seal impressed. 
 
 QUEEN ELIZABETH to [Sm MOYLE FINCH], Sheriff of Kent. 
 
 1597, April 29. Palace of Westminster. Upon advertise- 
 ment that the Cardinal of Austria, with a large force has 
 entered France and is drawing towards the sea coast, which 
 there is cause to doubt may be for the attempting of Boulogne 
 or some other port town, she desires that six hundred men 
 of the trained bands " or other best armed " of his county 
 be " out of hand chosen " to be ready to go to the relief of 
 such town upon order received. Sign manual. % p. 
 Seal impressed. 
 
 * i.e., father-in-law, the Vice-Chamberlain, Sir Thomas Heneage.
 
 35 
 
 JUSTICE FRANCIS GAWDY. 
 
 1597, Aug. 1. Greenwich. Privy seal addressed to "our 
 trusty and welbeloved [blank] Gawdye, one of our Justices of our 
 Bench," demanding a loan of 60/. for one year, to be paid to 
 Benedict Barneham or Thomas Lowe, aldermen, appointed 
 collectors thereof. With receipt for the said sum, Nov. 12 
 following, by Thomas Lowe. 1 p. 
 
 HENRY LORD COBHAM to SIR MOYLE FINCH. 
 
 1601[-2], January 11. " From my house in Blackfriars." 
 Praying him to re-consider his appointment of the bearer, 
 John Taillour, to be collector of the subsidy in Scraye Lathe, 
 as he is at least eighty years of age " and oughte in regard of 
 his yeerestobe priviledged," and there are divers others in the 
 Lathe " of very good worth and value, and farre fitter for it.'? 
 Signed, f p. 
 
 THOMAS FINCH* to his father, SIR MOYLE FINCH. 
 
 [1605,] Aug. 23. Padua. I have received your letters and 
 the bill for 70?., and whereas you enjoin me to learn to ride, 
 and bestow 20/. extraordinary upon me, " besides my moste 
 humble thankes my uttermoste indevors shall be ever studiouse 
 to deserve it. As yet I have not begunne to ride, yet I am 
 in some waie of agreement with an excellent rider in this 
 towne which pleaseth me much better then to turne backe 
 to Florence or Naples, since besides the charge and trouble 
 of revewinge those places before seen I shall be heer with 
 equall hope of learninge well, and with much more commoditie 
 for my studies, for the best professors of the civill lawe of 
 Italic readinge shortlie in the scooles I shold willinglie be 
 theyr auditor, neverthelesse reservinge no other will to my 
 selfe then a desire to obey your comandes I shall rest in this 
 place but till I hear your further pleasure. Signed. 1 p. 
 
 [ Year date given in endorsement.] 
 
 THOMAS SCOTT to LORD RICHE. 
 
 1605, Dec. 18. Though my name is scarce known to your 
 lordship, I venture thus boldly to write to you in my own 
 behalf, lest I should be prevented by the timely haste of others. 
 " These temporall blessings of God lately bestowed uppon 
 your noble sonne Sir Roberte Riche, give him occasion to 
 inlarge his train of followers, both for fashion and necessarie 
 use, amongst whome my humble suite is I mighte be inter- 
 tained. ... I have heeretofore spent my tyme at the 
 Inns of Courte, and since at the Courte itself, where I served 
 an honorable ladie, the Marchioness of Northampton in place 
 of her seacreterie, by whome I was preferde to the Earle of 
 Cumberlande, but never imployed accordinge to my firste 
 
 * Second son of Sir Moyle. Afterwards baronet, and Earl of Winchilsea.
 
 36 
 
 appointment, his owne hopes falling shorte of that use hee 
 expected in the present state, and his late death cuttinge 
 off my loste service and givinge me libertie otherwise to dispose 
 of my self and my fortunes, which I humblie presente to your 
 honor and your noble sonne. . . . None shall folio we 
 your lordship with more affection, nor discharge their service 
 with more diligence and honestie. I beseech your honour 
 not to censure this action of presumption, but prevention, 
 and soe to graunte me your pardon. I had rather runn single 
 with the tyme, then com after welaccompanied but too 
 late." 1 p. 
 
 SIR HENRY GAWDY to LORD RICHE. 
 
 [1605?] Dec. 24. " I receyved your honors letters the 
 mydest of this 24 day of December," and nobody would have 
 been more ready to perform any office of love or duty to your 
 honour or my late good uncle* than I ; but I hope your lordship 
 will pardon my not coming upon this sudden, the way being 
 long and the time short, so that I cannot do what I desire. 
 No man has wished better to Sir Robert than myself (of my 
 uncle's alliance), and none, I think, dealt so boldly with him 
 for Sir Robert and his grand-child. For my part, I am sure 
 there will be honourable performance of all my Lord Gawdy 
 hath desired, and my being there, in this so unfit time to 
 travel, might give reason to think that I " suspected more 
 than cause required." I have always been forward in my 
 love to Sir Robert and his wife, and shall be as ready " to perform 
 any last part of Christian duty to Lord Gawdy when time 
 shall serve as any that loved him most, and to continue, as I 
 have begun, to Sir Robert, his faithful and loving kinsman. 
 Holograph. 1| p. Seal of arms. 
 
 JOHN Rous to NATHANIEL RICHE. 
 
 [After 1605,] Jan. 7. Stating, in reply to a letter just 
 received, that neither Sir Wymond Carye or any other of 
 those mentioned ever occupied the close or pasture called 
 Esthall close, by grant from the late Lord Gawdy ; the writer 
 having had the same in use long before Sir Wymond ever 
 dealt for the abbey, and having paid farm rent for it to the 
 late Lord Gawdy up to the time of his death. Signed. \ p. 
 Seal of arms. 
 
 * Sir Francis Gawdy, Lord Chief Justice of Common Pleas, is supposed to 
 have died in the first half of 1606, but if these letters refer to his death, as 
 seems probable, it must have taken place at the end of 1605. It certainly 
 was not so late as Dec. 1 606, for Sir Edward Coke succeeded to his place in 
 June of that year. Indeed, Sir J. Rous's letter of April, 1606, (p. 37 below) 
 implies that he was then no longer alive. His grandchild, Frances (the child 
 of his only daughter, Lady Newport) married Sir Robert Rich in February, 
 1605.
 
 37 
 
 HENRY UYLETT to SIR JOHN Rons, Wellington. 
 
 1606, April 5. King's Lynn. Concerning the interest due 
 to his " Mother Grave " for two sums of 600Z. and 400?. The 
 interest for the former sum should have been due last Christmas, 
 but it had pleased the judge, then Sir Francis Gawdey, to 
 renew the band, and make it fall due four months later, 
 which is this April. His mother's humble suit to Lord Riche 
 and Sir Robert Riche is that either the debt may be paid, or 
 that new bands may be made, as those bound in the old ones 
 are very anxious to be discharged. 1 p. Endorsed, " Mr. Violett 
 of Lynn." 
 
 SIR JOHN Rous to SIR ROBERT RICH. 
 
 1606, April 18. Wallington. Is sorry that he cannot send 
 Sir Robert as much money from the estate as he asks for, 
 and also that neither Mr. Oxborough, Sir Ralph Hall, or the 
 Lynn merchants can arrange for its exchange in London. 
 He will leave it sealed up at Riston, and has asked Mr. Rous 
 to see how it can be paid, otherwise it must be sent for. 
 When Sir Robert returns, he must remove his plate. Would 
 have sent it to Sir Ralph's, but not having the key, dares not 
 move it, as it is so loose that it would be bruised and spoiled. 
 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1606, April. I think I shall have to go away before 
 receiving your half year's revenue, it cometh in so coldly, 
 and men will hold the ancient custom not to pay but upon 
 court days. I have told some of them that you will not be 
 bridled by their former customs, and that if they will not pay 
 at your own time, others will. I desire the rather to be gone 
 because your charge is the more for my being here, but I think 
 it will be within two days of Easter before I can go home, and 
 then even a little too soon, as a court is held at Shouldham 
 Thorpe on Good Friday, when your tenants will pay and not 
 before. Touching your sea-wall upon the common, as you 
 cannot have the good-will of the tenants there to make an 
 inset, I have gotten it mended in places the most needful. 
 It is not much the better, but as it usually hath been mended, 
 for a shift. There is no great opposition, except "by an idle 
 headed fellowe that talkethe without understanding," therefore 
 I think if we set a work to make an inset you may do it. Some 
 of the tenants say if you will give them 20s. a year for ever, 
 they will give their willing consent thereto, and if five acres 
 be taken out of the common, as they talk, they must have 
 no less. You must resolve of it speedily because the time 
 of the year will not long serve for right seasoning and settling 
 the wall. If you do not make an inset, the workmen say they 
 must make a jetty, which in our country they call a groyne. 
 This will stand you in little less than the whole charge of the
 
 38 
 
 inset, accounting wood (which would be 101. at least) and men's 
 labour, and would not be of so long continuance. 
 
 Mr. Pinchbecke and myself are at an end for Blackborough 
 Abby. He hath it for 40Z. this year until Michaelmas next. 
 I have reserved the wood to your use. " I had muche to doe 
 with him of and on ; at the first he would have wood and all." 
 He says his son can prove a " lease parrole " from Lord Gawdy, 
 but is too busy to come here, to which I answered that he would 
 have been here to prove his strength if he had had any. He 
 is to give you quiet possession of the Abbey house six days 
 before Michaelmas, and of the land on Michaelmas day. [Here 
 follow other business arrangements.] 
 
 I only learned yesterday that the small tithes (calves, lambs, 
 and pigs) of Shouldham Thorpe are due to you ; I fear from 
 want of demand they are lost or near lost, being sold by those 
 who should have paid them. The offerings also are yours, 
 and I have charged Mr. Harrison, the reader there, to bring 
 me in an account of them. He demands 50s. for serving the 
 cure at Shouldham Thorpe, due half yearly, which is unpaid, 
 and for the like cure at Shouldham 4Z. per annum, which it 
 seemeth Mr. Shouldham hath paid him as usually he was 
 wont. This Harrison used to farm the small tythes of 
 Mr. Godbould, paying for them and the offerings 201. a year, 
 but because Mr. Becke stands out and will not pay tithes, 
 Mr. Godbould has let all sink, and so these small tithes " lie 
 hi water." If Mr. Becke will not pay the tithes, you only are 
 like to receive the loss, for Mr. Godbould is sure you will allow 
 him to receive the full benefit from your grandfather's grant. 
 
 Since I write these former lines, I have understood from 
 Mr. Godbould that you and my lord would let Mr. Becke 
 have the tithes for 501. a year, so I went to him again, " but 
 the gent, is strait laced" and will not give more than the 45L 
 which he offered before. 4 pp., very closely written. Unsigned, 
 but in Sir John's handwriting. The date is mentioned in the 
 letter. 
 
 THOMAS FINCH to his father, SIR MOYLE FINCH. 
 
 [1606,] June 10. Orleans. After a long journey, he is 
 " arrived into France, and to this town the 25th of the last 
 month," but has until now found no possibility of sending a 
 letter. He does not offer to give any account of what he has 
 done, knowing that his father would rather hear it hereafter 
 by his tongue than now by his pen. Holograph. | p. [Year 
 date given in endorsement.] Seal with device of a sunflower 
 looking up to the sun. On either side, Finche. 
 
 THE SAME to his sister, LADY TWISDEN, at her house in 
 Redcrosse Street, London. 
 
 [1606,] July 15. Orleans. To assure her of his affection 
 and remembrance. 1 p.
 
 39 
 
 SIR JOHN WENTWORTH to his father-in-law, 
 SIR MOYLE FINCH. 
 
 [1607?] June 24. Midsommer. "If you wold entertayne 
 me of your counsell I wold give it you without fees ; and yet 
 this I am aboute to give you, shold savor of a fee it is so good ; 
 were I (I confess my ambition to you) of your worth in my 
 estate, in the eye of the world still poynted at for honor, I 
 wold not let such Skip Jacks oute of smale merrit to purchase 
 continuall starts hi there degrees of place, whereof your selfe 
 are more worthy in all respects, and not entertayne that 
 which is often offered you ; my lady B. sayth that the 
 union being a business of much consequence and treble, and 
 men of all condicions employed hi there countrys service, 
 whereof some that in tymes past and lately went bare footo 
 in Socland [sic] the Kinge hath synce oute of his generall 
 favor made some of them Earlls, to gratefy there greate 
 paynes ; so that my selfe neither thinking it much paynes 
 for them, being for soe good a service, and being ready to 
 further such a busines in my best wishes, I think not but synce 
 I have scarce worne any other then Spanish lether shoos 
 synce I first went to scoole, I am allso capable of such honors 
 if the Kinge will give them me ; but not to be to prowde, I 
 wish your coming to save charges of coach hyer to Graves 
 Inn, ellse I thinke to mak use of my sister to goe with her by 
 Peckham and so with most desiers to waight upon you at 
 Estwell ; we will make all convenient hast we can, and howsoever 
 here or there we hope shortly to see you." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 HENEAQE FINCH to his father, SIR MOYLE FINCH. 
 
 1611, Aug. 14. I have been hindered from writing by " an 
 exercise of the house,* where I was to instruct some of the 
 young gentlemen, from which, without great necessity had 
 enforced me, I could not conveniently spare any tyme." If 
 the business with Mr. Castle is despatched I know no 
 business to cause me to stay in town after our reading is ended, 
 which will be by Monday next, or peradventure by Friday. 
 I purpose to be at Peckham (having occasion to speak with 
 my brother Twisden) on Tuesday night, and if it pleases you 
 to send horses thither for my brother Frank and me, we will 
 come to Eastwell, God willing, on Wednesday. I cannot find 
 the record which you desire. Mr. Hagar says expressly that 
 none of the Forest Records were ever returned, and that the 
 best way is to enquire of such as have those papers which Lord 
 Sussex' secretary then kept. If Mr. Wallenger, that then 
 served Justice Browne, knew anything. I doubt not he would 
 give you the best light he may ; but Mr. Risley, counsel with 
 Sir Robert Wroth lay in his house last assizes, to whom, if he 
 discovered your intention, they might gather on Sir Robert's 
 side that you are not able to find the record . Therefore 
 
 * The Inner Temple.
 
 40 
 
 perhaps speech by word of mouth, slightly and as asked by 
 chance, might be better than a letter. The writ against 
 Mr. Elrington you thought better not to serve until the 
 beginning of the term, that he might not have notice too long 
 before. I shall be in London soon enough to take it out. 
 
 Postscript. " I had occasion yesterday by reason of the 
 invitation of some guests for Mr. Reader to see your house at 
 Charterhouse, and to see St. Johns, where all are well. My 
 lord North asked me how you and my lady did, . . and 
 desired to have his service remembered." Holograph. l p. 
 
 JOHN FINCH to his father, SIR MOYLE FINCH. 
 
 [1612 ?*] "My extraordinary ill fortunes having driven me 
 to much fruitless trouble and expence which has added to 
 that which my labour was imployed to remoove ; And 
 considering what my case is and what tis like to be, tis not 
 hard for me to see how neare my former folly has brought 
 me to a desperate fortune, such as (in the course I now stand) 
 what is best for me to doe is not easily found ; what is good 
 past finding. My choice is of ills the best, not of goods, and 
 in it to putt on a resolution of content : But that can only 
 prevent the like inconvenience for the tyme to come, not 
 cure what is past. Both which ought and shall be, so farre 
 as God shall enable me, the objects of my care. I humbly 
 thanke you Sir that it hath pleased you to give me leave 
 to make a bargain in future which may serve me for a helpe 
 in present. And though it be but a badde one yet tis the 
 best I have reason to hope for in the waye I now walke. I 
 have spent much tyme about it and not without much charge 
 (it having occasioned me to be better acquainted with the 
 streetes then with my chamber or studdye, and more with 
 Tavernes then the Temple Hall). . . . But I had rather 
 venter myself some other way than lose so much of my future 
 possibility. 
 
 "And having well advised with my selfe what course were 
 fittest for me to take I can finde none promissing fairer for 
 the speedie repaire of my fortunes then that hopefull viage 
 of that worthy gentleman Sir Harry Thinne, with whome yf 
 it may please you to make me able to goe and venter as you 
 shall thinke fitt and take order for my debts, which are under 
 a 1,000 markes, so that yf I should miscarry, my debts 
 might not be unsatisfied, nor I leave my suretyes in 
 pawne for them (then which I should be content much 
 rather to loose all hope of getting and give all fortunes to come) , 
 I doubt not but that yf it please God that I returne safe, I 
 shall easily make to you satisfaction for all, and make 
 to my selfe a fortune besides ; yf I [do] not returne, my portion 
 
 * In 1012, Sir Henry Thynno was planning an expedition to Persia (see 
 Gal. S.P. Dow., 1011-18, p. 127). But before that he had intended one to 
 Guiana, and later, in 1014, one to the East Indies (see Cal. Colonial Papers, 
 East Indies, 1513-1016, p. 347), so that the date of this letter is doubtful.
 
 41 
 
 will not be great and ventured (as I thinke) upon good ground. 
 Thinke not this (I pray Sir) a rash desire in me ; For my fault 
 is rather in taking too much deliberation before I resolve, 
 then too little. Neither that my desire is to leave the studdy 
 of the lawe, in which I have taken much paines, but to make 
 my selfe more fitt for it, yf it please God (under whose protection 
 I shall rest there as well as heere) I returne : The danger I 
 thinke is not great, many have ventured as much and come 
 safe. For my owne part had I the command of my selfe and 
 abilitie to goe through in this enterprise I wold not be kept 
 backe through the danger of fire or water. I see no cause 
 for me to feare the danger of sea, or sea fight, or sea sicknes 
 yf it should come to me. These things are common to all 
 and trouble me not. There is nothing else but the heat of 
 the countrye, which why I should not indure as well as others 
 that have bin there and returned safe I know not. Thus 
 commending this suite of mine to your good consideration 
 which (yf it be not the last I shall ever make or trouble you 
 withall) will I am sure be for me the best and least hurte to 
 you, with my humblest duty to you I rest &c." 1 p., closely 
 written. 
 
 EDWARD DENNY* to SIR MOYLE FINCH. 
 
 [1603-1614.] Promises to speak to my Lord of Canterbury 
 about certain " fee deer " claimed by Sir Moyle, but fears 
 " the walk is so weak " that there is small hope of raising 
 three, as desired. Will inform himself of the forest division 
 of walks so that he may better know how to perform his duty 
 both to his Majesty and to his friend. 1 p. 
 
 SIR MOYLE FINCH to his son, HENEAGE FINCH, at the 
 . Inner Temple. 
 
 [Before 1614.] Praying him to look after certain law 
 business for him, as he himself cannot reach London in time. 
 Believes that his son is too full of business to " entend it " 
 himself, but hopes he may " for money procure to have copies 
 taken of all that is needfull . . . and bestowe one houre 
 to enforme some counsailour to draw the bill." Would like 
 Mr. Edwards if he be not of counsell with the contrary party ; 
 if not, his [Sir Moyle's] brother,! Mr. Hadd or Mr. Hendene, 
 Hopes Sir John Wentworth will discharge Mr. Listar either 
 " by paying at his time," by sale of land, or by " taking up 
 money upon my band." 1 p. 
 
 Postscript by Lady Finch. " If ther be any advantage in 
 law to be takyn of your father in this busenes, assure you it 
 will be had of him, therefore I pray by al meanes ... if 
 your own busenes be so great that it will not spare you time 
 
 * Denny was created a Baron in 1604, but his signature remained the same, 
 and thus does not aid in fixing the date. 
 f Sir Henry Finch, serjeant at law.
 
 42 
 
 to do it yourself, yet I wish then your father payd for som 
 counseler to look to this, for I cannot chuse but be out of dout 
 al vantage will be takyn of him that may be." 1 p. Seal 
 with griffin. 
 
 LADY FRANCES TUFTON* to LADY FINCH. 
 
 [Before 1614.] Concerning some matter in dispute between 
 her husband and Mr. Chute, of which Mr. Tufton will speak 
 with Sir Moyle at Ashford (Asford). Also thanking Lady Finch 
 for her gift of " fair lobsters," and regretting that "Hathfield" 
 will not afford any dainty to send in return. Holograph (?). 1 p. 
 
 THOMAS FINCH to his father, SIR MOYLE FINCH. 
 
 [Before 1614,] Oct. 1. Beverlaie. Concerning the gathering 
 hi of rents and the reckoning of " arerages." Finds the price 
 of wool much " baser " than last year. Has given order for 
 the " drapes " and hopes in his next letter to tell of the sale 
 of some of them. 1 p. 
 
 TRAINED BANDS OF KENT. 
 
 1621. The strength of the trained bands of Kent, viz. 
 pikemen, muskets and calivers, as they were mustered 
 anno 1621. 
 
 Lath of St. Augustine and city of Canterbury, besides 
 the ports. 
 
 Captains, Sir Peter Manwood, Sir Dudley Diggs, Sir William 
 Lovelace the elder, knights. Total number, 1,030. 
 
 Lath of Shepway and the hundreds annexed, besides the 
 ports. 
 
 Captains, Sir Nicholas Tufton, Sir Thomas Honywood, 
 Sir Robert Darrell, knights ; Edward Scott, Thomas Smith, 
 Humphrey Blechenden, esquires ; Mr. John Fagg. Total, 1,256. 
 
 Lath of Scray, besides the ports. 
 
 Captains, Sir Richard Sondis, Sir Thomas Norton, Sir 
 William Lovelace the younger, knights ; Sir Thos. Roberts, 
 bart. Total, 806. 
 
 Lath of Aylesford and city of Rochester, besides the ports. 
 
 Captains, Sir Percivall Hart, Sir Francis Barnham, Sir 
 Thomas Culpeper, Sir George Rivers, knights ; Mr. Leigh of 
 Rochester. Total, 987. 
 
 Lath of Sutton at Hone. 
 
 Captains, Sir Thomas Walsingham the elder, Sir Ralph 
 Bosvill, Sir William Barnes, knights. Total, 576. 
 
 Lances in the whole shire, 50. 
 
 Light Horsemen : 
 
 Lath of St. Augustine's and city of Canterbury. 
 Captain, Sir Thomas Palmer, bart. 
 
 * Nicholas Tufton was knighted before he married Lady Frances "about 
 1605," but, as stated before, it was not unusual for the wives of knights to 
 speak of them as "Mr."
 
 43 
 
 Lath of Shepway. 
 
 Captain, Sir Timothy Thornhill, knight. 
 Lath of Scray. 
 
 Captain, Sir Edward Hales, bart. 
 Lath of Aylesford and city of Rochester. 
 
 Captain, Sir Edward Filmer, knight. 
 Lath of Sutton at Hone. 
 
 Captain, Sir Henry Bosvill, knight. 
 
 Totals : 
 Armed men .. .. .. 1,921 
 
 Musketeers 2,392 
 
 Calyvers . . . . . . . . 46 
 
 Lances . . . . . . . . 50 
 
 Light Horse . . . . . . 182 
 
 Total 4,591 
 
 The whole strength of horse and foot within the county of 
 Kent, ... is 4,985. 
 
 Notes by SIK HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 [1625, Dec. 1626, May.]" Memo. That at the howse 
 of my mother the Ladie Viscountess of Maidston at East well 
 in Kent I received uppon Thursday the 29th daye of 
 December, 1625. a letter from the Lord Keeper written the 
 26th of December, as foloweth 
 
 " ' Sir, his Majestye hath this day resolved to holde a Par- 
 liament at Westminster the 5th of February next and doth 
 fix uppon yourself e to be Speaker of the House of Commons, 
 and hath commanded me to signify his pleasure unto you to 
 prepare yourselfe accordingly. Now least this newes of an 
 imployment of trouble and some charge should be unwelcom, 
 lett me further as a frende that rejoiceth in your weale, 
 advertise you that together with this commandment I received 
 from his Majestye a verie confident expression of his gratious 
 and good opinion of your faithfulness, worth and abilities, 
 which was effectualy and very affectionatly confirmed by 
 my Lord Duke of Buckingham ; and wishing you happy 
 successe for the good of the publick and yourselfe, I rest your 
 verie assured friende, Thomas Coventrye, S.C. 
 
 " ' Hampton Court, 26 December, 1625.' 
 
 " To which I made this answer and retorned it by the 
 messenger. 
 
 " ' It may please your good Lordship, I am and ever shalbe 
 so confident of your noble favor to me that I did hope 
 my humble suite when I latly waited uppon your Lordship 
 might for this tyme have prevented my nominacion to this 
 imployment. 
 
 " ' Nevertheless I must acknowledg myself e most infmitly 
 bounde to his Majestye for his grace and goodness to me, that 
 in so publick and important a service is pleased to take me
 
 44 
 
 into his princely thoughts. And if my abilities were 
 sutable to my humble desire to doe his Majestye's service I 
 should with much cherefulness undertake this. 
 
 "'However I would not be subject to misconstruccion in 
 seking to shunne the imployment. But if your Lordship 
 uppon conference with my Lord the Duke of Buckingham 
 his Grace (to whom I perceive by your Lordship's letters I 
 have (as I am much otherwise) bene bounde in this particuler) 
 shall holde it fitt to move his Majestye to conferr the service 
 uppon some other, I shall holde it for an especiall favor to me, 
 and I hope it wilbe no disservice to his Majesty. If otherwise 
 I must in this as in all things els submitt myselfe to his 
 Majestye's royall will and pleasure. Your Lordship's in all 
 humbleness to be commanded, Heneage Finche. 
 
 " ' Eastwell, 29 December, 1625.' 
 
 " At my comming to London which was about a sevenight 
 after, I did waite upon my Lord Keper, who tolde me he had 
 not yet moved neither the King nor the Duke according to 
 my letters, but would if I thought fitt ; but said he thought 
 it would be to litle purpose, assuring me that it was the 
 King's owne nominacion and he was not easily removed. 
 And attending my Lord of Buckingham I received the like 
 answer from him that it would be to no purpose and might 
 be ill taken to decline the service. 
 
 " He brought me to the Kinge to kisse his hande, and so I 
 prepared for it. 
 
 " And in regard my house at St. Bartholomews was too farre 
 from the Parliament house I hired a howse in Chanon Rowe 
 near Westminster of my Lord Viscount Grandison. 
 
 " The Lord Keper about tenn dayes before the beginning 
 of the Parliament spake to me for my spech. I not having 
 then thought of it tolde him I would with as much speede as 
 the business of the terme would suffer me, and did first sett 
 downe the heads of the speech, that his Lordship might 
 knowe the matter and then the lesse tyme before the day of 
 presentation might serve for the spech it selfe. The heads 
 I delivered him 29 January at his howse, which was thus." 
 [Here follow heads of the speech, to the usual effect his 
 own desire to be excused, praise of the King, &c.]. 
 
 " The speech it selfe so soone as I had made [i.e. composed] 
 it I delivered to my Lord Keeper which was uppon Sunday at 
 night, 5 February. 
 
 " Memo. That Monday 6 February the Parliament beganne 
 and the Kinge and Lord Keeper spake to this effect." 
 
 [Blank. The Lord Keeper's speech is given in the Old 
 Parliamentary History, vi., 412.] 
 
 " After the Kinge and the Lord Keper had ended their 
 speches (sic) those of the Howse which were present were so 
 many that the King did conceive my selfe with the whole Howse 
 had bene there, and so beganne and both he and my Lord 
 Keper ended their speches whilst the Privy Counsell of the
 
 45 
 
 Howse and my selfe with divers other members of the Howse 
 sate in the Howse expecting according to the ancient manner 
 that the usher of the Upper Howse should have comme for us, 
 which he did not. 
 
 " Nevertheless after the retorne of those that were there which 
 was the greater parte of the Howse by much, Mr. Treasurer 
 taking information as others did privatly that the King had 
 commanded them to make choice of a Speaker propounded 
 my self as a person fitt to be their Speaker, which I excused 
 to this effect." [Here follows an account of the usual pro- 
 ceedings on such an occasion ; the Speaker's reluctance and 
 apologies, the insistance of the House, his presentation to the 
 King in the Upper House, the Lord Keeper's speech, &c. 
 Then comes the new Speaker's own speech, which is printed in 
 Rushworth, vol. i, p. 204, with hardly any variants, but with 
 many small (probably printer's) errors, of which the following 
 are the most important : 
 
 p. 204, 1. 31, for " fall and reverse" read " fall as rivers " ; 
 I. 48, for " still enthroned in the state" read " sits enthroned 
 in the height." 
 
 p. 205, I. 11, for "made in limning, but for public things 
 . . . which the least eye may see " read " made in little, 
 these are public things . . . which the weakest eye may see " ; 
 1. 17, for " will then think " read "will else think " ; /. 52, for 
 " posterities " read " proselites." 
 
 p. 206, I. 21, for " impudent elusion," read " impious 
 allusions " ; I. 36, for " by your royal head " read " by your 
 royal hand."] 
 
 " This ended, the Lord Keeper rose again and went to the 
 King and kneeled awhile, and then came back to his seat and 
 made answer to this effect : 
 
 [Touches on the various points of Finch's speech, the 
 advantages of Monarchy, the end and uses of Parliaments, 
 and the greatness and goodness of the King, especially as 
 shown in his journey to Spain, where he had discovered and 
 broken the snares laid both for his people and their religion. 
 Justice now flourishes in all his courts ; the public services 
 of religion and the sacraments have never been so duly per- 
 formed ; priests and Jesuits, " that not long since gazed upon 
 the sun at noon-day . . . dare not now walk in the owl 
 light ; " and having discovered and revealed the designs of 
 Spain, his Majesty has engaged himself in a great and chargeable 
 war for the redeeming of his own, his father's, and the nation's 
 honour, for restoring the Palatinate, and for settling the quiet 
 of the Christian religion, now opprest and trodden under foot 
 by Spain and the House of Austria.] 
 
 Wednesday, March 15, 1625[-6]. " A speeche delivered by me 
 to the Kinge at Whitehall, the whole howse going with me " : 
 
 [Speech given in Rushworth, i, 216.] 
 ' This was penned by a select committee and allowed by 
 the Howse, and ordered to be so delivered to the King in
 
 46 
 
 hcec verba, which I did accordingly, and the King spake 
 unexpectedly to me, and I thinke to the Howse. I had not 
 anything to take notes with, but out of my memory, when I came 
 home, I did sett downe the heads of that I remembred : " 
 The King spake to this effect : * 
 
 " The answer you have given me to supplye me is so full 
 that I thank you for it. And as he begann so he concluded 
 with thanks for this but wisht it so speedy and in such measure 
 as it might be of value to us and him, adding that it concerned 
 us as well as him ; we should be the first that should suffer 
 for wante of it, he should be the last that should be eaten upp. 
 " He said he observed a parenthesis in our answer (a 
 parenthesis not a condicion) to which he must make answer. 
 He had observed in former tymes and in his father's tyme 
 when himself sate in Parliament that no good King did ever 
 use to stopp his eares against the just petitions of his people 
 but ready to heare their grevances. But he gave us some 
 fewe cautions. He wisht we should take care to present such 
 as he might receive them with alacrety. That we should 
 not so much labor to finde faults as to reforme errors ; much 
 less fall uppon persons and finde fault with persons rather then 
 with things, especialy not his Majestye's servants ; and above all 
 not with such as were nerest to him and most estemed by him. 
 
 " It was sometime said what shalbe done to the man whom 
 the Kinge will honor. Now all the labor is how to dishonor 
 him whom the Kinge honors. 
 
 " In my father's tyme when he (meaning the Duke) was a 
 means to breake the treaties [with Spain] you thought and 
 said in your Howse (I may call it your Howse because though 
 you were not all then present the Parliament is still the same) 
 all was too litle that the Kinge could doe for him. 
 
 " I knowe not what he hath done since to deserve your ill 
 opinion. I have bene so farr from adding to him that all 
 that he hath done since is but to engage himself, his estate 
 and f rends for my service and towards those ends which were 
 proposed by you. 
 
 " This I speake by reason that some of your Howse (I cannot 
 saye your Howse enterteined it), but some of your Howse 
 preceded by way of enquiry uppon his person, a way of so 
 dangerous and ill consequence that I holde it not fitt for the 
 meanest person. 
 
 " There was an other speech in your Howse but of that I 
 forbeare to speake because it is in agitation in your Howse 
 and I doubt not but you will doe me right therein ; only I 
 mention it that you may knowe Mr. Chancellor brought the 
 message from me." 
 
 * This speech is printed in Rushworth (and thence copied into the Old Parl. 
 Hist.) and there is another version at the British Museum (Add. MS. 22,474, 
 fol. 10.) The differences between the two being considerable, it is interesting 
 to have a third report, which, though not taken down during delivery, was 
 written immediately afterwards,
 
 47 
 
 " Nota. That before this speeche delivered by me, the 
 Kinge sent a message to the howse by Mr. Chancellour of the 
 Exchecker [March 14] to this effect : 
 
 [Complaining of the speeches of Mr. Clement Coke and Dr. 
 Turner. Printed in Rushworth, i, 218.] 
 
 [March 7.]* Upon a conference desired by the Lords, by 
 a committee of our howse, with a committee of theirs, which 
 the howse yelded unto ; the Lord Archbishop first said to 
 this effect : " 
 
 [That the day before, a lord, zealous for the good of the 
 country, had made a proposition! that the Parliament had 
 now sat a month, yet had not entered into the care of what 
 most concerned the honour and safety of the country, viz. : 
 What course to take to withstand the designs of Spain ; 
 whereupon the Lords had craved this meeting, that " a noble 
 lord or two " might acquaint them with the matter.] 
 
 Speech by the Lord Chamberlain (Pembroke). 
 
 " Gentlemen, I am commanded by the howse of peeres to 
 declare unto you the generall estate of the affaires of 
 Christendom how they stood uppon the breach of the 
 Treaties and how they now stande, and then to commande 
 some particulars as the grounds why we desire this conference. 
 
 " I will beginne with the generall and folow the order of 
 tyme. Presently uppon the breach of the Treaty, the first 
 most pressing consideracion of my master now with God was 
 the state of Germany, where he founde nothing but his 
 children disherited, the Protestant partie and true religion 
 thereby almost ruined, a dyett ready to be called to take 
 away for ever all hope of restitution, and no head to 
 oppose. 
 
 " The first stepp to resist this was an offer of Count 
 ManselPs [Mansfeld] to raise an army and so to countenance 
 a party to make head against these desperat designes, which 
 his Majestye imbraced. 
 
 "It is true the army had many misfortunes, some from 
 Heaven, some by ill accidents which no councell could prevent, 
 yet was it not altogether fruitless, for it gave encouragment 
 to our Allies and specialy to that great and famous King, the 
 King of Denmark, who being a cautelous and wary Prince sent 
 my master worde he would not begin to showe himself till he 
 might see him realy engaged ; that done he would sell 
 himself to his shirte and shewe himself not only a brother but 
 a servant unto him. 
 
 " This of Mansfeld gave him assurance. He tooke this to 
 be an ingagement and thereuppon entered into a treaty and 
 undertooke the warre and brought an army into the field 
 where in his owne person he commandes and (God be thanked) 
 hath hitherto had prosperous success. 
 
 * This is out of chronological order. See Finch's note on p. 49 below. 
 t On March 6. See Lords' Journals, iii, 517. The proposal was made by 
 Buckingham.
 
 48 
 
 " The next consideracion was the state of the Lowe Countries, 
 which presented themselves in a miserable condition, much 
 affrighted with the losse of Breda sometimes helde 
 impregnable, then by the death of a prudent, great and 
 faithfull captain the Prince of Orange, and disharted by a 
 great and mighty faction of Arminians which troubled them 
 more at home then the enemy abroad. My master did not 
 looke on those things to worke on necessities [sic], but wisly and 
 gravly considering that this people was one of the safest out- 
 workes from [sic] keeping the enemy from comming uppon our 
 counterscarf (as I may so call it) he endeavoured to make such 
 a peace with them as might be available to himself, which 
 though it were chargable yet was not my master unmindfull 
 of his owne security and advantage. 
 
 " For as ofte as my master shall sett forth a fleete they are 
 to be at the charge of the fourth parte and to have only a 
 fourth parte of the spoiles. The landes and cities conquered 
 are to be the Kinge's. Divers other particulers there are 
 which are too longe to tell you. 
 
 " This done, towards the ende of the peace (which is no newes 
 to tell you) my master wanted money and was not punctualy 
 able to performe the monthly payment to the King of 
 Denmark, who thereuppon was solicited to fall to new 
 treaties. 
 
 " And uppon this occasion my Lord of Buckingham was 
 sent into the Lowe Countries and though it were difficult at 
 that tyme to be had he caried with him threscore thowsand 
 pounds for that purpose, and his Grace, to his honor be it 
 spoken, pawned his Jewells for thirty thowsand pounds 
 more. 
 
 " This strengthened the Kinge of Denmark and Maunsfeld, 
 brought in the King of Sweden and Bethlem Gaber in the 
 league for the liberty of Germany, from which none of the 
 confederats are to departe till the Princes be restored to their 
 right and liberties. The King of Denmarke wilbe fifty thowsand 
 strong in the beginning of the yere and Bethlem Gaber will 
 have a mighty army to fall in uppon that side. 
 
 " And though the Kinge of France declare not himself openly 
 to enter into the league yet there is good hope his friendship 
 wilbe as availeable by assisting them with money and perchance 
 with men or otherwise underhand. 
 
 " And the Kinge of Denmark is agreed that when my master 
 shall make a pourefull diversion sequall to the charge which 
 our King is att there, his quota shall cease and what money 
 shall comme from the Kinge of France for this business shalbe 
 for the use of my master. 
 
 " His Majesty by my Lord Admirall's care hath a fleete 
 now ready for the bodies of the shipps, munition and powder. 
 There wilbe nothing wanting but only for victualls and mony 
 to pay the soldiers. Now we must offer to your consideracion 
 whether you will not thinke fitt for the setting out of this fleete
 
 49 
 
 
 
 that victualls be provided, the tyme being now seasonable 
 and will shortly growe nought ; and to provide meanes to paye 
 the King of Denmark, now likely to be master of the field ; 
 otherwise he may make his condicions with the Emperor, 
 withdrawe his army and so all those great forces of the enemy 
 will irremediably fall uppon the Lowe Countries. 
 
 " Now I have to request first that you gentlemen of the 
 Howse of Commons will not weigh the importance of this 
 business by the weakness of my expressions, secondly to my 
 Lords that if I have forgotten any thing they will pardon me 
 and supply it with their remembrance, knowing how extreme 
 short a tyme I had and no notes to helpe me. 
 
 " His Lordship recollected these two particulers, that with 
 this fleete we may secure our coasts and free our merchants 
 from these catching Dunkirkers, and that by the treaty with 
 the States 8,OOOZ. the month is to cease in Aprill next." 
 
 " Memo. This was before the King's message to us to knowe 
 what supply we would give. And the message concerning 
 Mr. Coke and Dr. Turner was also after this, for Mr. Coke's 
 wordes which were first spoken were uppon that message 
 of the King's concerning supplye. 
 
 " Nota. The Monday after my answer delivered to the King, 
 viz., 20 Martii 1625[-6], the Kinge wrote a letter to me in 
 haBC verba. [Given in Rushworth, i, 214.] 
 
 " I did bidd the clerke reade the letter itselfe. The howse 
 heard it twice read and debated it, and appointed Thursday 
 next for it, at which tyme it was said by some they desired 
 to heare the necessities opened, which at that day was done 
 by Mr. Secretary Coke, and made very great. The howse 
 put off the debate till Monday, at which daye they agreed to give 
 three subsidies and three fifteens, to be paid all within a yere ; 
 the bill to come in when the King had answered our grevances. 
 
 " Tewsday morning after, the King sent a message to the 
 howse for the whole howse to attende him at Whitehall the 
 next morning, and in the meane tyme to ajourne the howse 
 and all committees. We ajourned it till Thursday morning at 
 9 a clock. I came to Whitehall and all our howse on Wednesday 
 at nine of the clocke in the morning where the Lords and Judges 
 were also, and the King and Lord Keeper spake as foloweth . " 
 
 [King's speech, Lord Keeper's speech and King's second 
 speech, all given in Rushworth, i, 221 el seq. 
 
 The versions are almost verbatim the same, allowing for a 
 few printer's errors. 
 
 On p. 221, I. 29, for " Kingdonnow" read " Christendom " ; 
 I. 38, for " because you shall see " read " because I hope you 
 shall see." 
 
 P. 222, I. 4, for " therefore the errand," read " therefore 
 since the errand." 
 
 P. 223, I. 11, /or "effect" read "respect"; /. 21, for 
 " cautions of weight and discretion," read " caution, warrant 
 and direction" ; 1. 23, for " procured " read " provoked." 
 
 Wt. 29495. Ft 4
 
 50 
 
 P. 224, L 9, for " carefulness " read " cheerfulness " ; I.' 15, 
 for " erected " read " expected " ; L 30, /or " not come " read 
 " not to come " ; L 30, for " expression " read " profession." 
 
 P. 225, /. 12, for " time " read " thing " ; L 14, for " seem " 
 read " seek " ; Z, 23, add " and in end, though with more 
 dishonour, it comes all to one man's door."] 
 
 Thursday morning after [March 30], the Howse ordered to 
 enterteine no speech or debate of any other business till 
 consideracion were had what answer to give the Kinge ; 
 presently after the Lords sent a message desiring a conference 
 with a Committee of our whole Howse instantly in the Faulted 
 Chamber and the messenger made knowne to us that it was 
 concerning an explanacion of some things that were yesterday 
 delivered by the King and the Lord Keper at Whitehall. 
 The conference was yeilded unto, and at their returne the 
 Howse rose. And Friday morning Sir Dudly Digges, who was 
 one of the six that were appointed for Reporters, reported so 
 much as he conceived matter of explanation, and said that 
 the Committees doubted whether the residue, being the greatest 
 parte matter of apologie of the Duke and in some things 
 depending here in the Howse, and other parte concerning forain 
 negotiations, ought to be reported or no, which if it were 
 resolved to be reported the speches were so longe that they 
 desired tyme till next morning. After variety of debate it 
 was resolved that all should be reported. And the next day 
 the report was made, and a Committee of the whole Howse 
 to consider, mj^self sitting by. And for the ease of them, 
 they moving a Subcommittee to collect the speches, I gave 
 them the speches verbatim as they were delivered by the 
 King and the Lord Keeper which they tooke and appointed 
 a Subcommittee of twelve to consider of them and of the 
 explanacions, and acordingly to frame some fitt remonstrance 
 to be brought back to the Howse to be presented to the Kinge, 
 who sate that afternoone and all Monday forenoone and 
 afternOone. 
 
 [Here follow 8 blank pages, left for " the speeches delivered 
 by the Lordes uppon the conferens praied by them," which 
 speeches have not been entered.] 
 
 The Humble Remonstrance of the Commons to the King. 
 [Printed in Rushworih, i, 243, almost verbatim as here ; but 
 on p. 244, 1. 11 from bottom, for " service " read " sorrow."] 
 
 ' This was brought in by the subcommittee to the grand 
 committee and with some alterations there presented to 
 the howse [April 4], where with a fewe alteracions more it 
 was made as here is written and so agreed to be engrossed 
 and was presented to the Kinge by Mr. Secretary Coke to read, 
 the howse leaving it to him and Mr. Chancellor of the 
 Exchecker to agree betweene them who should doe it. The 
 King appointed twenty or thirty of the howse, and the 
 gallery for the place." 
 
 [A page left blank.]
 
 51 
 
 Petition of George, Lord Digby of Sherborne, to the 
 House of Commons. 
 
 " Humbly sheweing, that being sonne and heire to the 
 Earle of Bristol, and desireing rather to succeede to unblemished 
 honor then any other inheritaunce ; having understood 
 that the honor and good name of the said Earle his father 
 hath been much wronged by many sinister aspersions cast 
 upon him by the Duke of Buckingham before both howses 
 of Parliament, which dishonors will descend unto his 
 posteritye (being upon Record) unless they shall be duely 
 cleared : 
 
 " Now forasmuch as the said Earle his father (as befitteth 
 a Peere of this realme), hath for redress of his said wronges 
 petitioned the howse of Peeres, where it is only proper for 
 him to move : And hath there charged the Duke of 
 Buckingham for the wronging of him hi point of his honor 
 and allsoe for haveinge abused theire Majesties and both the 
 howses of Parliament, as will appeare unto this honorable 
 howse by the annexed paper, which is a true coppie of the 
 chardg which his father hath given in against the said Duke 
 of Buckingham : 
 
 " He therefore humblie beseecheth this honorable howse 
 hi the behalfe of himselfe and of his whole family, who are 
 part of the body of the Commons : That as the said aspertions 
 have bene cast in both howses uppon the said Earle his father, 
 the which he no way doubteth but he will fully cleare hi the 
 howse of peeres, soe you would be pleased in your high 
 wisdomes to take some such course whereby satisfaction 
 may be given unto this honorable howse for the clearing 
 of the said aspertions, which is readie to be done by your 
 supplyant in any sort this honorable howse shall thinke fitt ; 
 or els that nothing may remaine uppon record to the dis- 
 honor of the said Earle and his posteritye. And he shall 
 ever pray," etc. 
 
 Articles of the Earl of Bristol against the Duke of 
 Buckingham, May 1, 1626. [Printed in Rushworth, i, 262.] 
 
 [Under date May 1 hi the Journals is the entry, "A petition, 
 with Articles annexed, from the Lord Digby, tendered to the 
 House. Commons' Journals, i, 852.] 
 
 This book contains 45 written pp., mostly in Finch's own 
 hand. The rest of the book is blank. On the vellum back is 
 ivritten, " Parliament. My brother speaker." 
 
 MEMBERS OF THE COUNCIL OF PROVIDENCE to 
 " THEIR HONOURS." 
 
 1640, June 17. Island of Providence. " Since Captaine 
 Butler's departure hence, Captaine Carter and Mr. Gladman 
 intruded themselves in despight of the rest of the Counsell to 
 shoulder the whole burden of our Commonwealth ... so 
 that we still remaine in an exceeding disordered condition,
 
 52 
 
 and had not the God of peace and order taken more then an 
 ordinary care and charge over us, our state might ere this 
 have bine brought to utter confusion . . . True it is there 
 were many occasions offered by them tending to discord and 
 dissension, as their denying us that are of the Counsell the 
 priviledge of Counsellors, and many other particular affronts 
 . . . done by vile persons in the very face of the country, 
 and that with Capt. Carter and Mr. Gladmans approbation, 
 or at least connivence ; and yet the Lord turned it all into 
 an occasion of shewing us his goodness in the continuall pre- 
 servation of our peace . . . We forbeare to mention other 
 particulars at this time, as Capt. Carters executing the office 
 of Government without oath, banishing some, imprisoning 
 others without alledging any cause or affording them the 
 just priviledge of a trial!, and winking at horrible crying sins. 
 . . . The wonderfull mercy of God towards us which we 
 have now to declare to your honours, shall silence them for 
 the present. Yet in the first place we cannot but humbly 
 thanke your honours for that good incouragement which you 
 sent us in a letter by Capt. Dell, which . . . coming 
 so seasonably to us, was a meanes somewhat to qualify the 
 furious spirits of those whom Capt. Butler had sett on fier 
 against us." 
 
 May 27, 1640. A frigate brought news of a fleet, supposed 
 to be Spaniards, lying about ten leagues from the Rankadores ; 
 whereat some of the inhabitants scoffingly made answer 
 that surely they were not ships but boobies and those that 
 had taken the power were no whit more watchful, nor bestirred 
 themselves in preparations. 
 
 May 28, Thursday. The supposed boobies proved to be 
 13 sail of Spanish ships, " all upon the wing ready to flye 
 into our harbour ; upon sight whereof there was an alarme 
 made by three great guns from our forts " and our 
 beacons were fired, summoning all men to their appointed 
 posts. 
 
 They came at first very fair for our harbour, but upon sight 
 of our forts, and of a man of war and two little frigates in the 
 harbour they fell to the leeward, and spent the day in beating 
 up again. Towards the evening, 9 of them came to anchor 
 over against Brook fort, out of reach of our guns, the others 
 being kept out by the wind and current. Their Admiral 
 (of 800 tons) carried twenty, their Vice- Admiral twenty-four 
 great guns. They had with them a ship called the Black 
 Robin, formerly Lord Warwick's. The rest were frigates, of 
 various burden. 
 
 In this mean while, some of our islanders took two guns 
 that lay useless (one from Warwick fort, the other from a 
 frigate), one of which was sent by water to Victorious Bay, 
 where the Spaniards assaulted us five years ago, but it was 
 overset in the sea. The other was safely conveyed to the 
 place intended,
 
 53 
 
 The soldiers that belonged to the leeward division came up 
 to the windward (save such as manned the forts), some this 
 evening, others the next morning (May 29), as we expected the 
 assault there ; for which cause we planted a brass gun in 
 Blewfield's Bay, and also a great gun which came from the 
 Black Rock fort. This proceeding was watched by their 
 carvill, which had on board their governor appointed for 
 this Island, who being himself in person to make the first 
 assault, did judge (as it appeared) this (i.e., Black Rock) the 
 likeliest place for an assault, by the weakening of this fort 
 by the removal of the said gun, and also because the gun 
 at the Black river's mouth (a place convenient to land in) 
 was at this time dismounted. As their ship passed along 
 she received some shot from our forts, and a small vessel sent 
 to sound our channel to the windward, " being skared by a 
 shott from the Windermost Fort, winded an home and returned 
 to her fellowes. 
 
 "All this while we expected to have a parley with them but 
 wee had no such kinde dealing from them, minding (as it seemes) 
 the event of their former so doing, and therefore would now 
 proove wiser (as they supposed) by forbearing their rhetorique 
 and trying their strength at the first." 
 
 May 30. They plied a little to the windward and there 
 anchored again. In the afternoon their boats went from 
 vessel to vessel, as if for consultation, and we expected an 
 onset, but there being no passage for their greater vessels 
 without coming under command of three of our forts, they 
 were better advised than to adventure their ships into such 
 danger, or their boats where their ships could not succour 
 them. 
 
 " All this while our men cheerfully attended . . . only 
 those that had taken upon them to bee our chiefe commanders 
 shewed now in the time of danger no small weaknes and 
 pusillanimity, being so farre from directing or incouraging 
 others that they needed it most of all themselves. Our deputy 
 Governor, Generall, Admirall, Counsellor of warre and 
 Counsellor of the land (with all which titles he was pleased to 
 imblazon himself e in publicke) . . . had not now so much 
 spirit or power left in him as to use but the words of command, 
 and where intreatyes did not prevaile, he rested himself e 
 content." God put it into the hearts of many, as well of the 
 common sort as others, to propose things convenient for the 
 business ; "he liked all, they acted all, and all agreed ; 
 insomuch as he neither commanded nor they obeyed ; our 
 order was a disorder, and yet all wrought together for our 
 good." 
 
 All this while our enemies delayed to make an incursion 
 upon us, partly as we conjectured hoping " to gett some 
 intelligence of the state of our island by runnagadoes (as they 
 might well do) seeing many English and negroes had formerly 
 so desperately adventured to flee from us to them in
 
 54 
 
 severall boats and kanooes, . . . but blessed be God, they 
 failed of their expectation." 
 
 About four o'clock on Saturday afternoon their fleet fell down 
 to the leeward, and we exchanged shots with them as they 
 passed along. Perceiving by their drawing near to the shore 
 that they meant to assault us, our men hastened to attend the 
 enemy (some, as Capt. Badcock and his company, being 
 already gone) ; but before starting they came near to 
 Warwick Fort, and " gave an exceeding great showt, which 
 much revived the drooping spirits of the weaker sexe, who for the 
 most part were there gathered together, amongst whom were 
 some bigge with childe, others with infants hanging upon the 
 breast and little ones in their hands, fearing the accomplishment 
 of our Saviour's woe upon themselves . . . and so they, 
 with the ministers, while the enemy did lay siege to us, did 
 by the powerfull engine of praier lay siege to heaven." Had 
 your honours seen the strange behaviour of those who have 
 so bitterly inveighed against us to you, you would have 
 required no further testimony to justify us, for seeing what 
 a price they now set upon the exhortations and prayers of 
 those whom in times of safety they had opposed, one would 
 scarce have judged them to be the same men. 
 
 Our soldiers were not a hundred men, although the forts 
 were drained to strengthen them, and scarce enough left in 
 them to manage the guns ; " for those that had taken upon 
 them the command of all had much weakened the land by 
 sending forth neere about halfe the strength of the same 
 in sundry vessells at sea to take purchase, some whereof 
 were gunners of forts and other officers besides . . . 
 Of those fewe left among us, seaventeene were officers, whereof 
 there were but three of your Honours' ordeining; these for 
 the most part were but as cyphars and lookers on, being so 
 needlesse for the present occasion that God himselfe seemed 
 to put them out of office in affording them no roome for an 
 employment, that he might have all the glory of our great 
 victory unto himselfe alone. 
 
 ' This small company marched with all speed to repell the 
 enemy at his landing, some of them bareheaded and bare- 
 footed, and for other clothes having scarse enough to cover 
 their nakedness. In this their travell, being about three 
 miles, they were wearied by reason of their much hast, and 
 surbaited* for want of shooes, yet through the goodness of God 
 they were not disheartened, but came to the place of the 
 enemies assault both opportunely and courageously. 
 
 ' The enemy being now come to an anchor directly against 
 the Black Rock fort, began to plye his great ordnance against 
 the same and the shore adjoyning. On the other side, our men 
 plyed ours upon them also, having but about three or foure 
 guns that could reach them, whereof two were at the Black 
 
 * Footsore or chafed.
 
 55 
 
 Rock fort ; one at the Black river's mouth (now lately 
 mounted) and another at Goats Point. And thus the fight 
 began, being just that day twelve moneth after that Capt. 
 Butler went hence for the taking of Truxilla. [Margin. The 
 fight began about sixe of the clock at night and continued 
 till about eight.] One of their vessels, viz., the carvill, drewe 
 neerer the shore then the rest to make the better way for the 
 more secure landing of their souldiers under her gunnes ; but 
 (blessed be God) that neither she with hers, nor any of the 
 rest with their ordnance, did any hurt at all, unles it were 
 to our trees." In the meantime, they filled nine boats with 
 soldiers, the first whereof only rowed, and towed all the rest 
 at her stern. They steered first towards the Black river's 
 mouth, at a point which would have been far more convenient 
 for them and dangerous for us than the place where they 
 afterwards landed, induced thereto we suppose by the 
 unreadiness of our great gun ; but when they saw it mounted 
 and playing upon them, they were utterly scared thence to 
 a place far worse for them, about half way between the river's 
 mouth and the fort. 
 
 " They came along singing with a dreadful and formall 
 tone pero diabolo cornuda, sa, sa, sa." When they came 
 within musket shott of the shore, their small shott began to 
 fire, so that all the boats seemed to be on a light fire at once. 
 Then their boats came on ground, they crying out Victoria, 
 victoria. Meanwhile our small shot plied them very 
 courageously, killing many, and the very shore itself fought 
 against them, being of slimy, slippery stones, and beset with 
 a high cliff only to be climbed in certain places and with 
 difficulty. Moreover our great gun at the river's mouth did 
 good execution, but having spent her five cartridges of powder 
 (so ill provided was she) was then spiked least she should be 
 seized by the enemy. 
 
 " But as for him who tooke upon him to be Generall, he 
 utterly forsooke the leaguer, and sheltered himselfe in Black 
 Rock fort, where at the time of the fight he lay upon the 
 battery, pretending thereby to viewe how our shott took 
 place in the enemies vessels ; but those that best knewe him 
 conjectured it to bee rather for feare of the enemies shott." 
 Moreover, after the fight began at the boats, the commander 
 of the fort, which was then not at all assaulted, gave orders 
 (in the General's presence, and no doubt by his command, 
 as he and the commander fled out of the fort) that the 
 guns should be spiked (which was done), the fort evacuated, 
 the powder and match carried to Fort Warwick, and the 
 garrison also to repair there, the only reason given being that 
 they might all die together. 
 
 Their orders would have been obeyed but for the vehement 
 outcries of the bystanders, who with much ado brought them 
 back into the fort, but they did not resolve to abide there 
 till the fight was over, which (it pleased God) was not long
 
 56 
 
 after. A certain gunner unspiked one of the great guns, 
 which together with the small shot from our leaguer did so 
 good execution that the enemy cried for quarter, "some lying 
 on the beach and others swimming in the sea (many whereof 
 were drowned) and crying for mercy with their mouths full 
 of water, indeavouring now to returne to their boats againe, 
 out of which their officers had at their first landing pricked 
 them forth with rapiers." The other gun could not be unspiked, 
 " and the Generall (being willing, as it seemes, to quitt such a 
 place of danger) went himself e three miles for a paire of pincers, 
 and tooke upon him a new office, to wit to fetch powder and 
 shott for others that were more willing to fight then himself e." 
 
 The enemies were now vanquished, " yet through the 
 darknes of the night our men knew not of it, especially being 
 so busied in fight that they could not minde the enemies' 
 crying for quarter ... so that for halfe an houres space, 
 they never ceased pouring in shott among them, till they had 
 scarce an enemy left to shoote at." 
 
 In the heat of the battle, many of ours had cried out " for 
 God's sake, powder and shott," which one of our Captains 
 stopped, lest the enemy should hear and be encouraged, " and 
 so bid them that were thus destitute to doe as he did, who 
 betooke himselfe to the throwing of stones, for which service 
 our negroes thinking themselves to bee as sufficient as others, 
 presently put themselves forward, and did good execution 
 by this meanes." 
 
 He who took upon him the command of Warwick fort, and 
 was appointed to furnish all places with ammunition, not only 
 did not send us any of his own accord, but told those who 
 came for it to come again on the morrow. Moreover, he 
 intercepted the victuals which our soldiers had provided at 
 their own cost to be sent down to them, and " whiles they 
 were falling in on their enemies, he fell on their victualls. 
 . . . Moreover, after supplying his owne fort with the 
 spoiles of his friends," he carried the remainder on board a 
 man of war in the bay, for what cause we know not, unless to 
 make the captain hia friend to carry him away if he saw 
 danger. This also was judged to be the reason why the 
 General wished to retire into Warwick Fort, viz., to provide 
 for his safety by flight to the man of war. 
 
 To return to our enemies. They next sent a fresh supply, 
 viz., a small frigate with a boat at her stern, both filled with 
 soldiers, but by the way met with such opposition from one of 
 our forts, and were so saddened by the spectacle of four of their 
 former boats (which were all that returned) that they returned 
 to their fellows with the said boats, " fraighted for the most 
 part with dead carkasses and wounded men ; so that of the 
 300 which they sent forth in their first supply, which were of the 
 choicest and stoutest souldiers in the whole fleet, there were 
 but two only that escaped slaughter or wounds. This we heard 
 by a Frenchman that was taken since in a Spanish vessell."
 
 57 
 
 Some few of the enemy escaped into the woods, but were 
 either taken or came in of their own accord. One of these 
 last (who came in the next morning, being Sunday) was the 
 Governor appointed for this Island (though we knew it not till 
 afterwards), who told us that the fleet was from Carthagena. 
 All these prisoners were put to death forthwith by " him that 
 took upon him to be Generall," although the appointed 
 Governor and those with him had " yielded up themselves 
 complete in their armes, which they resigned upon promise 
 of quarter."* The next day (Monday) we took another 
 prisoner who is yet alive, and, as we hear, is to go for 
 England. 
 
 All this while, we suffered not the loss of one man, and had 
 only five hurt, two of whom have since died. Of these two, 
 one had twice plotted to run away in a boat, and the other 
 a little before the fight, had broken out into " fearfull and 
 desperate curses." The other three are in little danger. 
 Divers others were wonderfully preserved, two having their 
 hats shot through on their heads. The number of our 
 enemies is said by the prisoners to be 1500, though they 
 landed only 300, by reason that two of their biggest boats were 
 lost in a storm. The appointed Governor had with him 600 
 men, sent to inhabit this Island, and he had sworn upon the 
 sacrament either to take it or leave his carcase here. They 
 brought with them a great wooden cross to set up for their 
 standard, besides many other small crosses, pictures and images, 
 which were found about the bodies of the slain. "One of them 
 was observed, having receaved a mortall wound, to teare his 
 gods from about his neck and to throwe them away with 
 indignation ; another of them was slaine through the picture 
 of their Lady Mary, which was shott twice through as it did 
 hang about his necke. They brought with them also pardons 
 (which were found about the slaine) to lye with virgins and 
 women, whom they might slay or keep alive at their pleasure ; 
 but as for the men, they were all to have bine putt to the 
 sword, as the prisoners confessed." 
 
 Both during and after the fight, our men were put to 
 exceeding straits for want of water, " so ill were things ordered 
 among us." 
 
 May 31, the Lord's day, we expected another onset, but 
 they stirred not at all till about eight of the clock on Monday 
 morning (June 1) when they weighed anchor, set sail, and 
 after making show of going to the windward, suddenly bore 
 off again and made to the offing and so departed. Their 
 carvill stayed somewhat after the rest and made false fires 
 (as they had done the two nights after the fight), which we 
 conjectured was a sign for any of their men who might have 
 escaped into the woods. They might the rather expect this 
 
 * When this information reached England, orders were despatched that, if 
 found true, Carter was to be sent home a prisoner. See Col. S.P. Colonial, 
 1571-1660, p. 320.
 
 58 
 
 because so few had returned to their ships again, for the 
 Governor of Carthagena (as the prisoners confessed) had told 
 them " that we would fly away like so many sheepe at the very 
 sight of an enemy approaching ; and hence it was that some 
 of our enemies coming on shore had their muskets fastened 
 about their bodies, bringing with them bottles of water, 
 besides bread and cheese in their snapsacks, with pumpion 
 seed and pease to plant, and some of them had candles and 
 linstockes in their hands (as if the day had bine theirs 
 beforehand.) But our enemies, perceaving no signe at all from 
 their men, were utterly discouraged from making any further 
 assault upon us, but departed." On Thursday, June llth, 
 " we set apart a day of thanksgiving and rejoycing before 
 our God, who had so wonderfully delivered us," assembling 
 both English and heathens on the place of victory, which was 
 aforetime known as " the Knave's acre," but now was termed 
 the " Bloody Breach," " when, after sermon and prayer ended, 
 we made a fier of the gods and idolatrous monuments of our 
 enemies in the vie we and sight of our heathens, whom we did 
 informe that the gods whom our enemies trusted in and called 
 upon could neither save their worshippers from slaughter nor 
 themselves from the fier. Thus the Lord turned for us our 
 mourning into dancing, and put off our sack-cloth and girded 
 us with gladness, and made this same a day of rejoycing and 
 feasting, and a good day, and of sending portions one to 
 another." 
 
 [Here follow three pages of the " remarkable passages of 
 God's providence " found in this great deliverance, as their 
 own weakness, the exposure of their [political] opponents' 
 cowardice, the storm which destroyed the enemies' biggest 
 boats, the loyalty in adversity of the negroes who had often 
 rebelled in times of prosperity, the killing of only two men, 
 and those a runaway and a miscreant, &c., &c.] 
 
 " Now our heartiest praiers shalbee that your Honours may 
 bee stirred up to come cheerefully forth to the helpe of the 
 Lord against the mighty . . . with a speedy and full supply 
 both of men and ammunition, to defend both the inhabitants 
 and your island against so potent an enemy, of whose fresh 
 assault we are in continual] expectation." Signed, Henry 
 Halhead, Richard Lane, Hope Sherrard, Nicholas Leverton.* 
 16 pp. 
 
 THE KING OP FRANCE. 
 
 1646, Oct. 19. Paris. Pass for the Earl of Winchilsea and 
 his suite. Signed, Louis. Countersigned, De Lomenie. French. 
 1 p. Seal. 
 
 * Halhead and Lane were members of the Council, Sherrard and Leverton 
 being "ministers." These four were, shortly after this, sent prisoners to 
 England by the party in power, but were declared by the Court of Directors 
 "not guilty of what was objected against them," and sent back honourably 
 to the Island. Carter was re-called. See Colonial Calendar, 1571-1660, pp. 
 317-319.
 
 50 
 
 DON MANUEL DB MOUBA COETBREAL, MARQUIS DE CASTEL 
 RODRIGO, Lieut. -Governor of the Low Countries. 
 
 1646, Oct. 26 [n.s.]. Brussels. Permit for the Earl of 
 Winchilsea to go from the Low Countries into France, with 
 six servants and his horses and baggage. Signed. I p. 
 Seal impressed on paper. 
 
 CHARLES I. 
 
 1648, Sept. 28. The King's reply to the Parliament Com- 
 missioners at Newport, given to them on this day. Signed 
 by the King. 6 pp. [See Walker's " Perfect copye of all the 
 votes ... in the Treaty held at Newport," 1-25.] 
 
 THE PARLIAMENT COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Same date. Declaration that they cannot accept the 
 King's reply, as it is not a direct answer to " the four pro- 
 positions." They therefore return the paper. Signed by all 
 fifteen Commissioners. 1 p. 
 
 JOURNAL of SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1651, October 1652, April." Wee sett out from London 
 October 20, 1651. 
 
 Tuesday, 21, we came to Rye, with my sister C[onway] and 
 brothers C[onway] and F. F[inch]. Sunday, Nov. 2, wee 
 sett out from R[ye], but by reason the winde was adverse 
 returned. A larke pursued by a hobby flew into the hands 
 of one of our company and was released at shore. Tuesday, 
 Nov. 4, ten at night wee reentered our vessel which was taken 
 from the Ostender, swift of sayl but not above 20 tun. The 
 captain's name was Mausier, a man skilled in musick and 
 mathematiques. He told me that sayling to the Islands of 
 St. Christopher and Bermudas about 1639 there happened 
 a storme wherein his own vessel and 70 more were cast away, 
 and that he saved his life by swimming above 16 houres space. 
 He told me upon his faith that he then did see two young 
 ship boyes alive now in Diepe lye fast asleep in the midst 
 of the storme upon a chest and that they came sayling upon 
 the waves driven by the winds to the shore and that in all 
 that space the chest never turned ; being awaked they were 
 some time before they remembered they were cast away 
 by a storme. He told me that the first meridian, which was 
 always held to be in the Azores, was found by the experience 
 of the last 40 years last past to be in the Islands of Cape du 
 Vert." 
 
 There was a report in England in August before that the 
 Barbadoes were drowned, which was thus occasioned. A 
 Holland vessel bound for that island having past the line 
 where the wind is constant from east to west fell below the 
 Barbadoes, the captain being hi drink or mistaking some 
 points of the compasse. So it being impossible to returne
 
 60 
 
 back he thought the place swallowed by the sea and so told 
 them at Amsterdam, who sent it to London. I asked this 
 captain how he could at all returne seeing he must needs 
 passe the line. He told me that they return by the shore 
 and that the wind from the shore breakes in upon the trade 
 wind as they call it and by keeping neare the coast of the 
 land they cross the line. I payed for my portage 13s. 4dL 
 and from Rye I came by 10 of the clok Wednesday morning 
 Nov. 5-15 to Diepe. The haven is a safe road when you are 
 in it, but by many circuits you come into the port, so that 
 strangers are forced to have a pilot for which each passenger 
 shall pay | pistoll. And though wee came without such a 
 shallop yet wee were forced to pay a quart d'escu to land. 
 
 " The castle of Diepe is the house of the Duke Longeville. 
 Wee were sent to by that Governour to know if wee knew 
 any thing of the taking of Jersey and by that means wee 
 got into the castle, which hath alwayes double guards and 
 two drawbridges to passe. It commands the harbour and 
 is well stored with guns. Theres space to lodge 10,000 men 
 in it. Here Henry the 4th was beseiged by the Duke of 
 Maine. Nov. 6-16 I hired a horse from Deape for 66 sols, 
 to Rouen where I came that night. It is the biggest city 
 in France next to Paris unlesse Lions stand in competition 
 with it. But it is seldome free from the plague by reason 
 that it is encompassed on every side with hils, so that the 
 aire is not free. The vew [i.e. vieux] Palais is a place well 
 moted and furnished with guns commanding both the town 
 and the river. In it was one brasse peece of 25 foot taken 
 from the Germans. Theres alwayes a garrison in it and then 
 a Marquesse was Governour. The church of Nostre Dame 
 built by the English (as appears by the stones of the walls, 
 whose situation make the letters which spell the word God) 
 is very large and hath two towers, in one of which theres a 
 bell of 40,000/6. weight. One of the towers is called the 
 Butter Tower, being built by Cardinall Amboyse, Archbishop 
 of Rouen, out of that money which he gott by indulgences 
 to give leave to eat butter in Lent. The church is richly 
 endowed and hath more rich ornaments than any church in 
 France unlesse St. Denis. But out of one the Priests garments 
 wherein ther was a diamond Queene Katherin Medicis when 
 shee was married stole it and putt a topaz in the roume of 
 the same magnitude, which is as bigg as an hazell nutt. From 
 Rouen the river Sequana runs to Haver de Gras, but over it 
 there is a bridg of boats which was made by reason their 
 other stone bridge was ill founded and is halfe fallen down, 
 a common fault of the French bridges. From Rouen I went 
 with the messenger for 121. to Paris on Saturday and came 
 thither the Sunday, Nov. 9-19. 
 
 " Paris is farr more populous then London and somewhat 
 bigger because rounder, but I doe not think it so long from 
 the Port Sainct Denis to the Port St. Marceau as from
 
 61 
 
 Westminster to the Tower. The streets are more durty then 
 London, yet one may walke cleaner because the streets are 
 better paved. There are so many bridges in it that it causes 
 inundations in the lowe parts of the city, and these bridges 
 are so ill built that they fall down often, there being above 
 a doozen houses destroyed with severall people drowned by 
 the decay of a new bridge neare to the Pont d'Oiseaux and 
 about 10,000 pistolls lost in a new bridge made for the enlarge- 
 ment of the Hostell Dieu. Cardinal! Richlieu intended to 
 cut the Seine into the Loyre to prevent these inundations. 
 And though Paris is situated so low and all the filth of the 
 houses emptied into the streets, yet the plague is very rarely 
 amongst them ; but the diseases are most frequent amongst 
 them are the dropsy shed stone and fievres. And the Paris 
 physitians, be the disease what it will, alwayes open a veine 
 and praescribe a ptisan and a purge of manna. 
 
 " I was acquainted with Sir K. D[igby] who lodged in the 
 Colledg of Bon Coeur. After the death of his Lady V[enetia] 
 S[tanley] whom the King caused to be opened upon suspition 
 of some poyson his enemies had suggested to have been given, 
 he lived in Paris like an Anchorite in a long gray coat accom- 
 panied with a great English masty [i.e. mastiff] and his beard 
 down to his middle, till the Princesse of Germany came to 
 visit him and told him 'twas not fitt for a man of so great parts 
 to bury himself e alive, after which time he began to leave of 
 that old fashion and viseted the Princesse of G[ermany] so often 
 and gave her so many presents that the Prince sayd either 
 he was a cockold or Sir K[enelm] D[igby] a foole. And 
 after there was a report that he was married to Sir B[althazar] 
 Gerbier's daughter, but it was not so. But he I thinke 
 promoted her to the English Nunnery in the Faux Bourg 
 St. Marceau by the Fosse, where on her probation, she being 
 a famous beauty, the Queen of France with all the nobility 
 came to see this unusuall example. And the Queen with her 
 own hands cutt of her haire which was flaxen, but after two 
 moneths of her noviship shee run away from the monastery 
 and lives miserably now deprived of her ornament of haire. 
 
 " About the 15 of February there was a lady sent by the 
 Queen of France to be made an abbesse to the English 
 Monastery and was sent by 400 horse to the English Abbesse 
 and was created an abbesse of a place in Flanders by the 
 Bishop of Dole upon pretence that shee would deliver up the 
 town to the Prince of Conde, though the truth was her sister 
 was married and her brother-in-law to gett the whole estate 
 put her young against her will into Religion (a thing common 
 in Spain). But after ten dayes 10 or 12 cavaliers with their 
 swords and pistolls and a coach broake down the dores of the 
 monastery and pretended an arrest from the Parliament of 
 Paris to fetch her out, which the Abbesse would not obey. 
 But shee was ready to be gone with them and is not yet heard 
 of. The Abbesse sent to the Parliament to know why they
 
 62 
 
 had given an arrest but they denied it. Mr. White at Lyons 
 knew a nun that was crooked and her younger sister upon her 
 marriage day came to see her who writt to her father that 
 unlesse he did comfort her within four houres shee would 
 kill her self. But her sister forgott to deliver the letter to 
 her father till at night her father asking her if she had seen 
 her sister, she remembred it. Her father immediately came 
 to the monastery with torches but found his daughter in 
 her chamber hanged upon the beam. 
 
 " I spoke with two sisters, Mrs. Molins two Staffordshire 
 gentlewomen ; among other things they told me that by 
 confession the Duke D'Elbreuf gott his child the now Prince 
 Harcourt. For the nurse after six years confessed shee had 
 changed the child and was enjoyned by the confessour to 
 tell the Duke of it, who by that means gott his sonne. 
 Sir K[enelm] D[igby] told me that he went to Dr. Lamb in 
 the Tower by persuasion of the Duke of Buckingham to 
 convince him of apparitions, which he had denied to my 
 Lord Cherbury, and Lamb told him that he would show him 
 somewhat. But he did nothing but make him looke in a 
 cylindricall glasse and broughte shapes of some horrid thing 
 with him and bid him see in what terrible shape it rose, who 
 discovering the imposture he told him in fine that his businesse 
 was to be a pimpe and bid him name what lady he desired, 
 and that my Lady of Purbeck being hated by the Dutchesse 
 of Buckingham because she had then never a child and by 
 the Duke because he would have helped her to one, it so 
 happened that there was found a dead child in the privy of 
 her house which being emptied by the next neighbour was 
 strait spread abroad. The Dutchesse accused my Lady of 
 murdering her child, who remembring that shee had turned 
 away a servant upon suspition of having a child sent a constable 
 and apprehended her who, animated by the Duke of Buckingham, 
 accused my Lady of it. My Lady desired the child might be 
 taken out of the grave (for they buried it after the Crowner 
 had done his office) to see if it would bleed. The child had 
 been above 10 weekes dead in the privy and was bound up 
 in clouts to keep it from the filth. My Lady notwithstanding 
 the fowel stench touched it and no blood came, which her 
 enemies laughed at saying it could not come out of a body 
 corrupted. The wench she touched it boldly also, crying 
 I am as innocent as you, when strait the blood gushed out of 
 the nose and ears. Her enemies cryed now the body was 
 bruised shee [Lady Purbeck] would make it bleed if shee 
 touched it, shee touched it but no blood would come ; she 
 tooke the wench by the hand to make her touch it but she 
 run back and falling down upon her knees confessed the fact. 
 But my Lady would not suffer her to be pardoned least it 
 should be said shee had bribed the wench to confesse it. The 
 M. of Wa : (?) borrowed the Queen's Jewells upon pretence 
 of buying them and pawned them for so many pistolls at a
 
 63 
 
 banckquiers ; after the Prince Harcourt's plate upon pretence 
 of inviting the Queen to supper and pawned yt, after that, 
 Sawlius (?) plate upon pretence of dressing an altar and pawned 
 that. This Mr. G. of I[rish ?] Coll[ege] in Paris told me. 
 
 " There's one Sharbrand [? Sabran] who married my Lady 
 Leake's daughter, an ugly fellow sent to England for an agent, 
 where he sent word to my Lord of Dorset, who desired to know in 
 what condition he came, either of an agent or an ambassador, 
 these words, Je suis qui je suis. My Lord replyed being 
 Chamberlaine, If he be God Almighty he can provide a lodging 
 for himselfe ; I will not meddle with any for him. Mrs. Lake 
 lives miserably with him ; her mother my Lady came over 
 about March the 9th, 1652. But yet her case is not so sad as 
 that of Mrs. Apsfield of Lancashire who married Monsieur de 
 La vail and had two sonns by him ; but after his death entring 
 upon her dower, his brother said shee was his whore and not 
 his wife, and though shee brought proofe of her marriage and 
 shewed 50 letters wherein he called her wife, yet the Parliament 
 of Paris adjudged it no marriage and the second brother hath 
 gotten all the estate from her. 
 
 " One Bonaville. that sells wine at Navarr College Gate, 
 and is one of those have the monopoly to hang the churches 
 with black at funeralls, told me that he distributed with his 
 own hands above 12,000 pistolls at Cardinall Richlieu's death 
 for masses and offices to be said for him and yet that was not 
 the tenth part, but when his body was to be buried and was 
 carried from the Sorbon there was above 4,000 Covisters (?) 
 that would have taken the corps and thrown it into the Seine 
 had it not been well defended. 
 
 " In Paris the Palais Luxemburgh, the house of the Due 
 d' Orleans, built by our Queen Mother, is the best house in all 
 respects ; but why shee would be paynted naked in the gallery 
 I know not. The Carthusians are nigh to this who, though 
 they never eat no flesh, yet feed upon macreaus [macreuses] 
 Scotch barnacles. They doe not allow Bezar* because the 
 stone of goats, nor any medcin comming from flesh in any case. 
 To study chymistry is forbidden by their statutes as Father 
 Mignet told me. They pray at least 11 houres in the 24, so 
 that they have little time to study. 
 
 "The coadjutor, Bishop of Corinth, was made Cardinall 
 about February 12th ; he expected his cap so long that 
 he told the Pope's Nuncio he would make a cardinall's capp 
 so poore a thing that the meanest abbott in France should 
 not desire it. Cardinall Mazarin's library was sold when 
 I was there about March 2. The English Nunnery thrives 
 well, their choice musick drawing all the nobility of France 
 thither. The Archbishop of Paris would not suffer that 
 monastery till the Bishop of Chalcedon being Cardinall 
 Richlieu's favorite made the Cardinall move in the buisenesse, 
 
 * Lapis bezoar, supposed to be an antidote for poison.
 
 64 
 
 who sent the Archbishop word he should never be Knight 
 of the Holy Ghost unlesse he would give way to the foundation. 
 The house in which the Bishop of Chalcedon lives he hath 
 given to this Nunnery in which there's one of Prince Hartcourt's 
 daughters. They are Augustines ; 4001. every one payes for 
 admission ; the abbesse gave 3,000?. English. 
 
 " Cardinall Richlieu sent Sir Thomas Gage and Mr. James 
 Yates to the Bastile because that theyr names were mono- 
 syllables and he had notice that an English man with a 
 monosyllable was the Spanish Intelligencer. Sir Thomas Gage 
 being a boy was by the Bishop of Chalcedon's means released 
 but Mr. Yates stayed longer. At Tournay College there's a 
 picture of one of that College executed at London according 
 to the manner of the execution. The like I saw at Dijon 
 in the Carthusians church, of the Carthusians executed by 
 Henry the 8th, but there they are represented to be boyled 
 in cauldrons and all for refusing to consent to the marriage. 
 In Tournay College one shewed me a peece of the Crown of 
 Thorns ; every year at Easter holy oyl is sent from Paris to 
 London for christnings, and the altar stone upon which the 
 chalice stands must be consecrated by a Bishop, but diverse 
 can obtain leave from the Bishop of Chalcedon to consecrate 
 five or six, because the Bishop dare not goe by reason the 
 religious orders will not admitt him but made a particular 
 Act of Parliament be framed to banish him, the Jesuites having 
 great friends, and the dissention at this day is great betwixt 
 the Seculars and Religious. 
 
 " One may be of the clergy and yet marry, for to have the 
 tonsura prima is enough for that and by vertue of that cutting 
 off a little lock of haire a man may possesse any ecclesiasticall 
 preferment, as the Prince of Conte who hath at least 40,0001. 
 in church preferment per annum ; and the Archbishop of 
 Rhemes was lately made so at 18 years of age. Mr. Walter 
 Montague gott the promise of the first Abbey that fell, and 
 there died one who had six, of which the worst fell to his 
 share through the Queen of France whose favourite he is, by 
 reason he was then her servant when shee was hated by 
 Cardinall Richlieu which was before shee had children, but 
 after the Cardinall had sent for St. Isidores finger out of 
 Spain and had caused prayers to be made for the Queen that 
 shee might have a child they grew better friends and there's 
 the picture of a father hanging up in the church belonging 
 to the Charite in the Fauxbourghs St. Jermin who saw a 
 child presented to him by the Virgin Mary and was told that 
 it should be the Queen of France's child, upon which reasons 
 the child now King is called A Deo Datus. All this came to 
 passe after the Duke of Orleans refused to marry Dutchesse 
 Guilliaume, Cardinall Richlieu's niece. My Lord Montague 
 as I heard (from Mr. Sh.) when he was abed, made one of 
 his priests come when he was familiar with his wife who was 
 a Protestant and with holy water to besprinkle them and to
 
 65 
 
 use In Nomine etc. that he might have a sonne. Upon whom 
 when he had settled his estate he would have disinherited him, 
 and seeing he could not by law, tooke a journey in his old age to 
 Rome that the Pope might by a Ban procure his sonne to resign 
 his estate ; but the old man died in his journey in Flanders. 
 
 " Sir Henry Crompton, sent embassadour to Portingall, 
 where they stand infinitely upon their honour, was overtaken 
 at Nantes by a messenger from the King of France who, 
 enquiring for the Portingall embassadour, found Sir Henry 
 fast asleep upon a stone in the street next his Inne ; enquiring 
 for my Lady he found her buying of tripes in the markett 
 and loading a man to carry them home, which shee afterward 
 did in Portingall disguised. Sir Henry gott to be embassadour 
 by being asked if he knew a fitt man for the place and next 
 morning saying he himself e woud take it, but he had a secretary, 
 who after was agent, that made his speech for him and told 
 him when he was out, but so loud that Sir Henry being deaf 
 the bystanders tooke notice of it ; he died in Paris wretchedly, 
 when the second sonne gott a good estate by the will. About 
 Feb. the 8th in the chappell of the Oratorians, right against 
 the Carthusians', I heard Dr. Stephen Goffe recant the 
 Protestant religion ; he was my Lord Jermin's chaplain. 
 Mr. Messenger, the Queen's Under Secretary, mam-ing 
 Mrs. Haines a way ting gentlewoman, when he could no longer 
 conceale it, about Feb. 26th left the Louvre a little before 
 Mr. Hobbs was banished for his Leviathan. Mrs. Lane 
 March 4 came to Paris and is called the King's mistress. 
 
 " The Hostel Dieu for the number of diseased is a famous 
 hospital but there's eight in a bed. But the Charite is the 
 best accommodated that can be, as well as any gentleman 
 in his own house. I beleive there's about 200, every man ini 
 a bed singly. The paynes of those religious persons which I 
 tend them is to be pitied. Upon the Pont Neuf there's an 
 excellent statue of Henry the 4th on horseback in brasse, 
 but the inscription saves that Lewis the 13th erected it by 
 the advice of Cardinall Richlieu, who erected in the Place 
 Royall another for Lewis the 13th. Cardinall Richlieu being 
 in the head of an army in Flanders, the Queen Mother gott a 
 counsell called being then at Luxemburgh, where they 
 deliberated what should be done with the Cardinall, who 
 had discontented all the nobility and stood high onely in 
 the King's favour. Some were for his banishment, some for 
 perpetual imprisonment, some for his beheading. The 
 Cardinall returned victorious and comming to Paris told the 
 King what enemies he had and the King assured him that no 
 hurt should be done to him there. So soon as he came in 
 publique, he was accused of treason by the Queene and her 
 friends and shee urged he might be committed, but the King 
 refused. Whereupon the King, by the perswasion of the 
 Cardinall, went to Fontainbleau or some castle neere Paris. 
 The Queen immediately followed, desiring to hinder the 
 
 Wt. 29495, FI 5
 
 66 
 
 conference of the King and the Cardinall, where when shee 
 came the Cardinall set a guard upon her lodging and commanded 
 some of. them to tender a means of escape into Flanders 
 unto the Queen who snatcht the bayt and giving a reward 
 to her counsellors was conducted by them into Flanders. 
 So soon as shee was there the Cardinall got her proclaimed 
 traytor under pretence that shee joyned with the Spaniard ; 
 and after he beheaded all her counsell that gave their votes 
 to behead him and imprisoned those [who] were for his imprison- 
 ment and banished those who were for his banishment. And 
 because shee was received in England he gott masse to be 
 permitted to be heard in the Queen's ChappeU and after gatt 
 that for the ground of a warr against the King. Causinus 
 [Nicolas Caussin], confessor to Lewis the 13th, pers waded the 
 King not to deal so hardly with his mother, which, so soon 
 as the Cardinall understood, he ymprison'd the pen, baisine, 
 fourk and knife from Paris. 
 
 " The church of St. Louis of the Jesuites built by the Prince 
 of Conde, the King and Cardinall Richlieu, is a very fine 
 structure ; but Pere Barton an English Jesuit there sayes 
 that they ow 5,000/. English for that building which the 
 King hath not yet payed, for which they pay use. The altar 
 is too low there and not possible to be altered with convenience. 
 I went out from Paris to St. Denis where the Prince of Conte 
 is Abbot where there's an immense treasure. The Sorbon 
 College is the best built College in Paris but not so well built 
 as many in our University. There's a chappell there a very 
 rare edifice for a small thing, but in every part of the chappell 
 and house Cardinall R[ichilieu's] armes are engraven. There's 
 a difference between the Jesuits and the Sorbonists concerning 
 some points of predestination which gives them the name 
 of Jansenists because they defend the doctrine of Jansenius 
 a Bishop, which points differ little from Calvinisme. The 
 Sorbonists about September, 1651, sent three of the doctors of 
 Sorbon to Rome to know whether to assent to St. Austen 
 was erroneous but could nor yet cannot gett audience. 
 
 " Thursday, March 14, I sett out from Paris in the boat of 
 Barsus. One Father Mignet a Carthusian was in our company, 
 whose man the first night where he lay, rose out of his bed 
 which joyned to mine and tooke my breeches, which I being 
 cold missed and putting my hand out of the bed to reach 
 them found them between his knees which I plucked from 
 him with difficulty, the fellow counterfaiting a sleep and 
 holding fast ; and I passed it by as so. That same day wee 
 passed Corbell [Corbeil] a strong town of which by reason it 
 abounds with peaches it is said Corbell empeasche Paris. 
 March 15 wee passed Montreau [Montereu] a very strong 
 town where the Count Grandison and my Lord Digby were 
 to lodge that night with 6,000 men. 
 
 " Saturday 16 at noone I came to Sens which is Sens 
 Bourgoing and hath a Bishop belonging to it. From hence
 
 67 
 
 it's usuall to take the commodity of the Bourrique or Post d'Asne 
 to Auxerre, but there was none to be had so that I was forced 
 to walk on foot from thence to Auxerre, 13 leagues. At 
 Auxerre one usually takes coach for Chalon, but I stayed 
 there from Sunday 17th till Tuesday 18th (sic) and though 
 wee had the assistance of the chaunter and soubs-chaunter 
 by reason of the souldiers no coach would venter. The Count 
 Grandison comming forward, 'twas as hazardous to stay so wee 
 went out but met with three souldiers in the streets who asked 
 whither wee went and at the Port a fellow, under pretence of 
 giving us advice, came to see whether wee were bent and told 
 us he was goeing to Crevan [Cravante] and that he came to 
 Auxerre from Crevan to fetch his tasse, a silver cup he had left 
 there ; but after we had gone a quarter of a leauge the fellow 
 made a hault and run back to the town with all speed, which 
 wee perceiving and it being rainy weather when wee sett out,went 
 back again, and on the morrow Wednesday the 20th went 
 to Vermanton 5 leauges from Auxerre, where wee found a 
 garrison and had a fellow to lye in our chamber, and by the 
 advice of the priest went out of the road to Chalon towards 
 Dijon. 
 
 " Friday the 22nd wee came from Noye [Noyers] to Monbard 
 where a souldier came and told us wee were in danger to be 
 robbed. The next morning wee went to Monsieur Brauen for 
 a convoy a league which wee had, but after wee were gone 
 two leagues further were sett upon by eight souldiers and led to 
 the side of a wood and there robbed, but not beaten or misused. 
 Wee came to Baineux where meeting one Monsieur Bellart 
 that married Mr. Scarlet's daughter at Norwich, who knew f 
 Kensington and my friends, one Durbain suspected wee I 
 had more yet to loose and so this mountebank Wednesday^ 
 27 pretending buisenesse to Sans Seyn [St. Seine] accom- 
 panied with an other mountebank went with us ; and upon 
 the way his comrade told me he beleived I had a bill of exchange 
 for 1,000 francks. At Chanseau they told us wee might buy 
 powder, that being the best in France, onely to know whether 
 wee had pistolls. At the gate of Chanseau going out after 
 Durbain had been absent a quarter of an houre hee tooke his 
 leave of us and sayd he could not goe to Sans Seyn but must 
 visit a patient a mile off. Wee parted but after wee had gone 
 a league I spyed him running after us by the side of a wood 
 which made us run to overtake three horsemen in sight, and so 
 by that means escaped. Thursday 29th they came with a 
 third who had brought their guns to our chamber where first 
 they told us that souldiers would come that night to Sans Seyn 
 and therefore wee should doe wisely to part. Mr. Baines 
 asked why that third man came ; Durbain answered to tell 
 the souldiers not to come which he had told the day before ; 
 then hee added that the souldiers officer sayd he would cutt 
 of our ears for saying wee were robd, which made Mr. Baines 
 presently say he would stay till that officer came to justify
 
 68 
 
 it though wee had there in our chamber a guide and our 
 breakfast ready to goe for Dijon. They then desired me 
 to write a note to the Inne at Baineux that they might 
 have what things wee left. I perceiving their intentions 
 was to be able to counterfait our hands in case they could get 
 our bills of exchange told them I would not write. So they 
 parted solemnly from us as pale as death to heare wee would 
 not goe, and yet within halfe an houre returned to see whether 
 wee were as good as our words, and so blessed be God wee 
 scaped massacre, and so on Good Friday, March the 29, marched 
 to Dijon with two sergeants in the head of 300 foot though 
 we went a mile before them. 
 
 " Dijon is not above the bignesse of Cambridge. In it 
 is a church built round like the Pantheon at Rome and open 
 at top, by the inhabitants sayd to have been an Ethnick 
 Temple but by the Benedictines of 1,400 years standing 
 dedicated to Benignus, the disciple of Poly carpus, who planted 
 the faith in Burgundy. St. Bernard's father's house, a quarter 
 of a league from Dijon, is a place of devotion and a convent 
 of about eight Bernardines. I was sick till Thursday of an asthma. ! 
 We went Friday April 5 to Beaune where there's the best wine 
 of France, but though it getts the name 'tis onely the creve 
 of the hills which are exposed to the south whose wine the 
 inhabitants pay 5 sols, the pint, that in the valley is but 2 sols. 
 and but ordinary wine. The hills yield but a small quantity. 
 To Chalon we came Aprill 6, which wee had as little time to 
 see as Beaune (a pretty town where there's the best hospitall 
 of France). In Chalon the Prince of Conde hath a small 
 
 I but pretty house, and the Nostre Dame de Chalon is famous 
 for miracles, before whose shrine I saw many crutches hanged 
 up which they say were the vota of the healed. 
 
 " Sunday, Aprill 7, wee tooke boat for 20 sols, the head for 
 Lions but lay all night on the water that wee might reach Mascon 
 [Macon] by morning, which is a pretty town but in passage 
 wee could [not] see it particularly. To Lyons wee came on 
 Tuesday, Aprill 9 ; every man pays a sols for entrance and no 
 man is permitted to lodge there unlesse he hath a tickett. 
 There's two strong cittadels upon the water to hinder the 
 passage when they demand the doanne. The east side of 
 Lions is compassed by the Rhosne which joynes with Arans 
 Soune a furlong below the town. Arans runs through the 
 middle of the city, so that that halfe of Lions which is east- 
 ward is a perfect island ; the other part is so high that there's 
 above 180 staires of ascent in some places to goe to the houses 
 of religion and petit [?] streets. 'Tis much about the bignesse 
 of Rohan but hath none but merchants in it. I dealt with 
 Monsieur Metrast the correspondent of Monsieur Pollart 
 bancquier at Paris, two honest and able men, and with 
 Monsieur Fountaino an Italian from Venice. 
 
 " On Sunday Aprill 4-14 for 181. I tooke horse with the 
 messenger for Geneve but so extreamly sick that I was, besides
 
 69 
 
 asthmaticall, generally distempered. Wee had a cold east / 
 wind all that day ; I eat no thing nor the next day till noone 
 (except a little broth in the morning), when at Nantua I eat 
 a little. There's a little lake betweene two cliffes of a rock 
 of an incredible depth but the people say that and that of 
 Geneve are bottomlesse. Tuesday, April! 6-16, " wee passed 
 within 2 leagues and a halfe of Geneve a castle called L'Escluse 
 which is situated under a rock of an unmercifull heighth 
 and below a vast precipice in whose bottome the Rhosne 
 passes. It's impossible to passe to Geneve from Lions but 
 by this way, and but two men a breast can stand in the passage. 
 This castle and all the country betwixt this and Geneve 
 belonged to the Duke of Savoy, but this castle was stormed 
 by the Genevois and in the interim men lett down by ropes 
 from the top of the rock and so taken. They sold it for 
 50,000 crowns to the King of France who stiles himselfe 
 their protector, but I thinke nothing protects them more then 
 the inaccessible mountains which an army can with difficulty 
 passe. 
 
 " Geneve is seated at the end of the lake, which is on the 
 north east side of the town, after the beginning 20 mile in 
 breadth and 30 in length, and on the other side upon a hill 
 it is walled and compassed with a ditch but not so fortified 
 but that other towns are better provided in that kind. There's 
 a perpetuall garrison and every night there are sentinells 
 upon the lake which they chayn that no boat can passe, and 
 upon the walls. About 50 years since they were attempted 
 by the Duke of Savoy, whose army was within 6 leagues of 
 them but pretended friendship and in the mean time corrupted 
 him that sett the watch and about 60 gott into the town 
 men of quality, but offering to ravish a maid that went to 
 call a midwife to her mistress they were discovered and taken 
 and all hanged and there heads at this day are hanged up in 
 case of warre. The Switzers and they are in a strict league 
 offensive and defensive, so that Basile, Berne and two other 
 Cantons if they have warre are to send them 2,400 men and 
 the Genevois if they are in warr are to send them 1,200 men 
 and to pay them for three months at their own charge. They 
 have alwayes two years provision of corne in the town. Every 
 Saturday they cry the lands of those men that are in debt 
 and sell them to them will give most. They punish here 
 malefactors of all countries ; whilst they doe justice, the 
 town gates are shutt, the bridges drawn and sentinells sett, 
 which happened on Tuesday, Aprill 6-16. A Savoyard was 
 condemned for a witch and scorched first almost to death 
 then hanged and afterwards burnt. It rayned and yet wee 
 were forced to stand an houre out of the town till execution 
 was past, it not being lawfull to lett down the bridg. There 
 was not one executed before in 30 years. 
 
 "On Wednesday, Aprill 7-17, I came to the house of 
 Monsieur Parost that married a Welsh woman ; he was steward to
 
 70 
 
 I Monsieur Beleivre the French Embassadour. In three dayes, 
 i finding English beere and conveniences, after a purge I was per- 
 fectly well. They every Sunday shoot in the arquebuze and the 
 bow at a mark and with a screwed gun shoot at 450 paces 
 levell ; he that shoots best getts a pewter dish. In May 
 they chuse their Kings of the bow and the arquebuze who 
 are met with the town in armes and clad in silver lace, that 
 day onely lawfull to weare in Geneva. And they contribute 
 about 20 pistolls to the King, who, if he be a strange gentleman 
 made free, adds about 40 more to make an entertainment ; 
 one that hath thrice been King is freed from taxes. They 
 are so good marksmen that there are 2,000 in the town will 
 at 400 paces shoot within the compasse of a circle halfe a foot 
 diameter. They have the time allotted for their shooting 
 from 12 of the clock on the Sunday till three. 
 
 " They have about 12 ministres which they give about 
 40 [I. ? ] sterling to per annum. They preach every day in the week 
 and on Wednesdayes there are Italian and Dutch sermons, 
 there being a great quantity of both those nations there. 
 C[alvin] when he began to preach here first had like to have 
 been thrown into the Rhosne which made him give them a 
 farewell sermon at St. Peters, their great church, but after three 
 years came again. He lived the next house to Monsieur Parost 
 and was so used that a fellow built a great tower to take away 
 the prospect of the lake from his best chamber. Diodati, 
 their ministre, died in debt above 20,000 crowns by the mis- 
 government of his wife and children, one of which, intended 
 for a minister, getting a wench with child fled the town. 
 He and all the men of the best quality take pensioners. 
 Those that dye are carried out of the town and thrown into 
 the pitt without any thing said concerning them, nor is it 
 lawfull to make any solemnity at the death of their friends 
 or for a mother to mourn for her child. The government of 
 the town is by syndicks and the counsell of 25, who are subject 
 to the councell of 200 [sic ; see below] in an appeal and 
 matters of difficulty. 
 
 "It's not permitted to any to weare satin or silver hi the town 
 by reason there being a parity, luxury in apparrell would 
 undoe the meaner sort. At church the servants and others 
 sitt as they come and no distinction of places or pews. If any 
 powder their hair they are called into the Chamber of 
 Reformation if they be of the inhabitants, but strangers have 
 more liberty. If any notice be taken of any loose carriage 
 they are called thither. There's no good water in the town, 
 that of the lake feeding the springs and that nourished by 
 ;the hills of snow, which begirting the town make the ayr raw 
 and unwholesome, so cold that in vintage time they have 
 gathered their grapes up to the midleg in snow. 
 
 " Monday, Aprill 12-22. Diodati their minister was banished 
 the town for saying there was no religion amongst them 
 from the meanest to the Lords of the town, but upon the
 
 71 
 
 peoples outcry the Lords sent for him again who after a year 
 or two returned again. Their government is aristocraticall ; 
 consists of a Councell of 25 and 300 and 4 Syndicks. The 
 Syndicks are four chosen yearly out of the 25 which are called 
 Lords of the town. This 25 was chosen by the Councell of 
 three hundred, but now if any of the 300 dye the 25 name 
 the man that shall succeed, but the 300 may dislike but they 
 cannot chuse any man unlesse nominated by the 25. They 
 trye any malefactour by the lawes of Geneve though his crime 
 be committed hi a forrain country. They give the strappado 
 to extort confession if the person accused denies the fact, 
 for they cannot condemn unlesse the party acknowledges 
 the crime. In their Councell of the Clergy there is alwayes 
 some of the 25 sitt with them and they can take nothing 
 into their consideration till the 25 have first voted it an 
 ecclesiasticall matter and then they cannot be putt to death, 
 nor is their excommunication followed with any other punish- 
 ment. One was excommunicated here for drinking a health 
 to the Devill, but upon the testimony of their confederates 
 in Languedock that he repented he was readmitted into the 
 church after two yeares. The number of men of armes is 
 about 6,000. They have many granaryes supplyed with 
 corne that they may not be surprised, and quantity of 
 ammunition ; though it is hard to beseige them because they 
 cannot be begirt but by lying in the French and Switzers 
 and Savoy dominions, so strait are their territories. L'Escluse, 
 Aprill 26, was surprised by one from the King who desiring 
 onely to hear masse being upon service, sent his men before. 
 The Governour gave him leave and four men with him, who, 
 when masse was done, rose up and seised upon all the disarmed 
 men and gave entrance to those he had sent a little before 
 who returned upon the alarum. 
 
 " The town is an Imperiall town and in the Bishops time 
 owed fealty to the Empire and still retaines the Spread Eagle 
 and the Key as monuments of both the Emperour and the 
 Bishop. In their church, St. Peters, there lyes buried the 
 Due of Rohan, who hath a faire statue of marble begun, but 
 the executor returning to the Catholick religion, there's no body 
 to finish and no inscription upon it. In a cloyster adjoyning 
 there lyes Sir Roger Townsend, who dyed of the small pox, 
 and they point to the place where Beza was buried but there's 
 neither stone nor inscription. Calvin was buried at Plainpalley, 
 but for fear his bones should be stollen, was removed and layd 
 in a place amongst the others which no body now certainly 
 knowes. 
 
 " The Duke of Savoy antiently had two forts upon the 
 lake which hindred ingresse and egresse, but corrupting a 
 fisherman who served the fort to carry 12 or 14 of them [in] 
 his boat and sending about 100 more in white which they 
 in the garrison tooke for goats they slew the sentinell in the 
 first, second and third wall and so gott to the main gard, who
 
 72 
 
 unprovided, ran away and gave them time to open their gates, 
 lett in their men in frocks and so gained the place which 
 they demolished ; and shortly after the other. In Geneve 
 one may see great hills of snow from which in the winter 
 time there descends wolves in the night and devoure dogs 
 and catell without the wall. 
 
 " There was a student here accused for stealing 100 pistolls 
 to whom the strappado was offered but he denied the fact. 
 Shee who was condemned for a witch confessed upon condition 
 that she might not be burnt alive after she had once denied 
 it. In Spain if one endures the torture thrice he is free though 
 a 1,000 witnesses saw the action. My Lord Cottington being 
 in Spaine, one Antonio used to be employed by him to fetch 
 and carry things, who, being liberally rewarded by my Lord, 
 came to him and told him he had a desire to serve him and 
 bid him name the man he would have dye and he should be 
 kild without delay and trouble him no further. My Lord 
 told him that he had received no injury from any man. He 
 bid him therefore to keepe private what he had said to him 
 which my Lord promising added that if he had occasion he 
 would make use of him. My Lord sitting a little after upon 
 the seat of justice with the Judges a great uproar was made 
 and a fellow brought to the Judges and accused by all the 
 people to have killed a man hi the streets. So soone as he 
 appeared my Lord Cottington knew him to be Antonio and 
 he made a sign to my Lord to hold his peace. He denied the 
 fact. To torture he went, which was to cutt a gash to the 
 bone and draw upon and down in the wound a rugged string ; 
 three several houres this fellow endured and so was acquitted, 
 and all the people wayted on him to his house with all 
 imaginable honour. Mr. C. told me he had it from my Lord 
 Cottington. 
 
 " One Dupon begun to bring in the religion into Geneve 
 and was the first refused the sacrament of extreme unction. 
 So by degrees they grew strong enought to confront the Bishop, 
 who retiring, they would not lett him come any more, but 
 seised all his revenue and the rest of the church. The Bishop 
 lives within 5 or 6 leagues of them. At Basil they give their 
 Bishop an allowance. They are all Calvinists not out of 
 choice but necessity, because they are a medley of all nations 
 and cannot admitt sects among them. Julius Caesar built 
 a bridge, some say over the Rhosne onely, some over the lake, 
 where there are yet to be seene at the bottome great store of 
 piles. 
 
 " From Geneve I tooke horse for Milan. The first night 
 I lay at Evian ; the day following dined at Boverette, the end 
 of the lake Lemanus, which is 40 miles long, and in some places 
 15 miles broad as about Tonoon. I lay at St. Mauritio and 
 the day following I lay at Sion which Sedunum is the Bishops 
 seat of all that Pais de Vallais. It's a town strong by reason 
 of the passage to it which is narrow, and it hath a castle and
 
 73 
 
 a citadel! besides. Betwixt St. Mauritio and Sion there's a 
 cataract of waters so great that it is able to make a little 
 river, but, falling so praeruptly down, the violence of the water 
 beats it selfe into a small vapour which, like a smoke, arises 
 from the stream and like a small rain wetts you at the distance 
 of 30 yards. The sun then shining upon it made us a perfect 
 rainbow, the situation of which altered its heigth as wee 
 altered our distance. 
 
 " From Sion I passed the day following to Briga at the 
 foot of the mountaines. The whole journey from Boverette 
 thither is between them, but through small valleys ; and yet 
 upon those hills which a man would thinke inacessible you 
 may see little villages of wooden cottages on the sides of them. 
 This whole country is in league with the Switzers, especial! 
 those of Berne and no friends to the Duke of Savoy. The 
 country is scarce conquerable by reason it's impossible to 
 passe any other but one way and there the passage is so strait 
 a 100 may defend it against a million. Sion, they say, was 
 never taken by Caesar. From Briga I went over Sampion 
 [Simplon] in ascending of which I observed a tree to grow 
 out of a peece of a rock fallen down on the top of which there 
 was not so much as mosse, and where the water gushed out 
 of the rock the stone was so soft that it would yeeld to my finger 
 like earth. I dined on the top of the mountain but by reason 
 of the abundance of rain could not gett through the mountaines 
 but lay among them in a cottage that night." 19 pp. of 
 very small writing. A small 8vo. book, covered in vellum. 
 
 SALE OF THE KING'S LANDS. 
 
 [1652.] Documents endorsed " Proceedings in the late 
 times for sale of the estates of the King, Queen and Prince." 
 
 1. Report by Richard Graves to the Commissioners for 
 Removing Obstructions in the Sale of the Kong's, Queen's 
 and Prince's lands, on perusal of the evidences, &c., concerning 
 the claims of Thos. Chester, Esq., Sir Maurice Berkeley and 
 Philip Langley, Esq., upon the Chase of Kingswood, co. 
 Gloucester. 14 pp. Endorsed, 4 March, 1652J-3]. 
 
 2. Report of the Same to the Same, concerning the interests 
 claimed by John Newton and John Mallett, Esquires, and 
 Henry Weston, gentleman, in the same Chase of Kingswood. 
 Nov. 25, 1652. 18 pp. 
 
 3. Extracts from records, in relation to the King's rights 
 to the " said King's wood." Signed, Ri. Graves. 5 pp. 
 
 4. Petition on behalf of Newton, Mallet and Weston to be 
 allowed until " Thursday the 18th of this instant November 
 for their appearance before Mr. Graves." Signed, Thomas 
 Lee. Respite for a fortnight granted. Endorsed, Nov. 11, 
 1652. 1 p. 
 
 5. Certificate on oath by Thomas Lee, gent., that he requires 
 more time for examining the deeds to clear Mr. Newton's 
 title. Nov. 11, 1652. 1 p.
 
 74 
 
 6. Petition of Newton, Mallet and Weston to the Com- 
 missioners ; that, " their evidences being lost or dispersed 
 during the late troubles, they will be necessitated to have 
 recourse to records, which will require time," and so pray 
 for respite until the next term. Respite granted. p. 
 Endorsed, July 16, 1652. 
 
 7. Request on behalf of Thos. Chester, John Newton and 
 others, that they may be permitted to use certain depositions 
 taken temp. Elizabeth and James, in the Court of Exchequer, 
 " touching the very lands now in question " at their hearing 
 on the 25th of this instant November. Signed, Thomas 
 Lee. p. 
 
 8. Petition of Robert Fairbeard that, he having long 
 attended concerning Kingswood Chase, a day may be fixed 
 for the hearing. Signed. \ p. 
 
 9. Petition by Capt. Adam Baynes of Wimbledon, who is in 
 treaty for the said Chase, that the claimants, who seek delay in 
 order to destroy the woods and get in the Michaelmas rents, 
 may be required to make good their claims without delay. 
 July 14, 1652. 1 p. 
 
 10. Further petition by the Same to the same effect. States 
 that on " July the 21 instant," he contracted for the Chase 
 " on behalf of divers originall creditors." 1 p. 
 
 11. Request by Mr. Lee on behalf of the claimants that 
 their ancient writings may be referred to Counsel to certify 
 therein. Referred to Mr. Graves. \ p. 
 
 12. Request by Mr. Lee, on behalf of the claimants, that 
 their hearing may be respited from the 5th to the 25th of this 
 instant November, as their writings have only just arrived, 
 and (it being term time) their Counsel have not had time to 
 prepare the business. Respited accordingly. | p. 
 
 13. Certificate by Mr. Lee, confirming the above statement. 
 Nov. 11, 1652. I p. 
 
 14. Petition of Chester, Berkeley and Langley, showing 
 that they have attended Mr. Graves, " of counsell for the State," 
 and have been long in town with their evidences, to make good 
 their claims, but by reason the title for the Commonwealth 
 was not ready, nothing could be done, wherefore, in respect 
 they live near Bristol, almost a hundred miles away, and 
 that their Counsel are shortly to go the Circuit, they pray for 
 a day in next term for proving their claim, and that in the 
 meantime the Commonwealth may put in their charges. 
 Underwritten, " 2nd Fryday in Michaelmas terme." 
 
 Endorsed, July 16, 1652, 1 p. 
 
 OLIVER CROMWELL'S ARTICLES with Algier. 
 1655, May 2 o.s. Articles agreed upon on this date, " by 
 General Blake's order in the presence of Robert Brown, consul, 
 and firmed by Mahasram Bassa and Hakine Aga." Endorsed, 
 " Articles of Algier word for word out of the Turkish." 
 (Probably copy made in Oct., 1660.) 2 pp.
 
 76 
 
 CHARLES II. 
 
 1658, March 13. Brussels. Pass for Heneage, Earl of 
 Winchilsea, to travel into Italy and other countries. Sign 
 Manual, countersigned by Sir Edward Nicholas. Impressed 
 Seal of England. Parchment. 
 
 HENEAGE, EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1658. " An account of the places I passed through in my 
 travell, begunne the 23 of Sept. n.s., 1657 ; ending June the 
 5th, 1658." 
 
 Sept. 24. Calais. Oct. 1. Dined at Deepe, lay 
 
 28. Boulogne. at Tots [Totes]. 
 
 30. Passed Abbeville 2. Dined at Roen. 
 
 and lay at Eu. 4. Many [Magny]. 
 
 5. Pontoise and lay at 
 Paris. 
 
 Tooke post there the 15 of November for Lyons. 
 
 Nov. 15. Lay at Nemour. Nov. 18. At Moulins. 
 
 16. At Briar [Briare]. 18. AtTerrare [Tarare]. 
 
 At the Three Kings at Lyons early the 19. 
 
 Tooke boate the 22 upon the Rhosne for Avignon. 
 
 Nov. 22. To Givaux. Nov. 24. Poussin. 
 
 23. Condrieux. 25. Avignon. 
 
 Thence for Marceills. 
 
 Nov. 28. To Chanon. Nov. 29. To Marceills. 
 
 The 5 of Dec. tooke shipp for Constantinople ; the 6 drove 
 back againe. The 7 Dec. tooke shipp for Legorne; the 11 
 arrived there, where began my quarentine, and lay a shipp 
 board untill the 17 Dec. and then removed to the Fanale. 
 
 Dec. 25. Ended my quarentine by the G. Duke's especiall 
 favour. 
 
 Dec. 28. Arrived Pisa. The 29th, the Cardinall's coach 
 carryed me a hunting, and to visit the Duke at his returne ; 
 who presented me nobly with wine, sweet-meates, cheese, &c. 
 
 Dec. 30. Visited the Cardinall and the Prince. 
 
 Jan. 3. The Duke sent his coach for me to go a hunting. 
 
 Jan. 4. Te Deum was sung for the birth of the Infanta of 
 Spayne. 
 
 Jan. 5. Tooke leave of that Court. 
 
 The 6 Jan. beganne my journy for Florence and lay at 
 Empoli. 
 
 Jan. 7. Arrived at Florence. 
 
 Jan. 8 and 9. Saw the churches, the Pallace and Poggia 
 Imperialis [Poggio Imperiale] and the Gallery, &c. 
 
 Jan. 11. Began my voyage for Venice. Lay at Lyana 
 [Lojano] the 11, by post the 12 to Bologna, where I was obliged 
 to the signori Francisco Maria and Renaldo Bovia [?]. 
 
 Jan. 13 to Ferrara, the 14 to Papozzi, 15 to Chioggia and to 
 Venice the 16. Thence to Padoua the 5 of Feb. s.n.
 
 76 
 
 Voyage to Rome ; 28 Feb. to Venice again [from Padua] 
 2 March, Chioggi; 3rd to Primata Hostellaria; 4 March to 
 Ravenna afoote 18 miles; to Rimini 5 March. 
 
 March 6. Senegalia. March 11. Mouchia [Muccia] 
 
 7. Ancona. Castella. 
 
 8. Loretto. 12. Spoletto. 
 
 10. Macerata. 13. Otricoli. 
 
 To Rome the 15. 14. Castello novo. 
 
 March 20. Removed to Ecc mo Signer Angelo Corraro, 
 Venetian Ambassador, to St. Mark's pallace. 
 
 April 7. Envited by the ambassador to Principe Pales- 
 trino's pallace at Frescati, called Bell Vedere ; 9 returned. 
 April 23. Returned for Venice. Lay at Civita Castellana. 
 
 24. Alta Strettuna. April 30. Rimini. 
 
 25. Hosteria Nuova. May 1. Faenza. 
 
 26. Tollentino. 2. Boulogna. 
 
 27. Loretto. 3. Ferrara. 
 
 28. Ancona. ,, 4. Loreo. 
 
 29. Fano. 5. Venice. 
 Voyage by Germany to Dorpt, from Venice. 
 May 12. Castell Franco. May 15. Botsen. 
 
 ,, 13. Grinio [Grigno] in ,, 16. Pesarain-theraugh 
 
 Tyrol. (sic).* 
 
 14. Trent. 17. Atstenaugh [? Alt 
 
 Steinach]. 
 
 May. 18. Dined at Insprucke and lay at Swarths [Schwatz]. 
 ,, 19. Lay at Degarsawf monastery in Bavaria. 
 ,, 20. Monaco [Munich]. May 23. Ulme, dined ; lay 
 21. Ausperg [ Augsburg] . at Gestening [Geis- 
 
 ,, 22. Gansbourg [Guns- lingen]. 
 
 burg]. 24. Hanstat [Canstadt?]. 
 
 25. Penson [Pfcorz- 
 
 heim ?]. 
 
 May 26. To Heidelberg at dinner ; lay at Heppingham 
 [Heppenheim]. 
 
 May 27. Francford. May 28. Mayence, by boat. 
 
 29. Past Coblenz and lay at Enguire [Engers ?]. 
 June 1. Cologne. 
 
 ,, 2 and 3. Passed Dusseldorpe, Weysell, Rees, 
 Skinken-schance and lay at Nimegen the 3rd June. Passed 
 Bommell and Gorcum and lay in the boate. Arrived at 
 Dort the 5 of June. 4| pp. 
 
 E., LORD CONWAY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1658-9, March 17. Kensington. I should earlier have 
 returned my thanks for your former letter, but was " then 
 interrupted by a great company of Parliament men." Yours 
 of the 13th inst. I received last night. 
 
 * Possibly some place in the Pesseier-thal ; in which case the traveller 
 went via Meran. 
 
 t Probably the noted Benedictine Abbey of Tegernsee, suppressed in 1803.
 
 77 
 
 " I conceave your lordship hath convinced all your friends 
 of the reasonablesse of your travells by the happinesse of the 
 successe. Demonstration is the certainty of reason . . . 
 It is a great mistake that some men thinke youth the proper 
 subjects for travell, who never carry away more then the 
 description of a church or some garden or at the most to learne 
 exercises and modes, whereas wise men will not converse with 
 such who can make them no returne. But all this while, my lord, 
 I presume you had your ladyes consent , for having given yourself e 
 to her, you had no more the power to dispose of yourselfe. . . . 
 
 " The proceedings of our Parlament is very slow, they, are 
 not able to governe themselves, and therefore I thinke will 
 hardly be able to governe Kingdomes, they have donne nothing 
 yet, but the Commonwealths men finding their party too few 
 in number, labor to necessitate a Dissolution that the 
 Government may remain unsetled, and mony unprovided. 
 This is the present state of things in the Howse of Commons ; 
 the other Howse have passed a vote, or a bill, to take away all 
 the priviledges of the antient Howse of Peers, and all here- 
 ditary honors, thinking heereby to ingratiat themselves. 
 But the Commons answer them, they are content they should 
 dissolve themselves, and doe their worke, but they will not 
 treat with them. 
 
 " Your little Godsonne presents his humble duty to your 
 Lordship, and my wife who hath not set her pen to paper 
 these nine months, begs your pardon and my Ladyes till next 
 weeke, she presents her humble service to your Lordship and 
 that you will be pleased to present both of ours to her 
 Ladiship is the humble request, &c. 2 pp. 
 
 Petition of PHILIP, EARL OF PEMBROKE to Parliament. 
 
 1659, July 12. About June 1658, his wife Katherine, 
 Countess of Pembroke, exhibited a petition against him to 
 the Commissioners of the Great Seal, accusing him of unkind- 
 ness, violence and cruelty, and praying for an order for 
 maintenance out of petitioner's estate. 
 
 In answer to this, he denied all acts of violence and cruelty, 
 and desired (as he still desires) her again to co-habit with him, 
 promising to receive her with all love and affection, and to 
 provide for her as became her quality as his wife. The cause 
 came to hearing on June 25 last, when Commissioner Fountaine 
 behaved himself with so much passion that petitioner could 
 not in reason expect any justice from him ; and without due 
 consideration gave judgment (together with Comr. Tirrill) 
 according to the annexed paper. And although petitioner 
 made it plainly appear that he had never given his wife any 
 reason to complain against him, and had received no portion 
 with her, yet Comr. Fountaine declared he would give her her 
 whole jointure of 1,500?. a year, and if her jointure had been 
 so much more, she should have had it. Prays for con- 
 sideration and relief. 1 p.
 
 78 
 
 Referred to a Committee. 
 
 Overleaf. Ordered, that the Committee shall meet on 
 Aug. 8, when both sides are to be heard. Signed, William Say 
 Annexed, Adjournment to Sept. 26 ; dated Sept. 9, 1659 
 
 THOMAS SPENCELEY to HATTON RICH. 
 
 1659, Nov. 23. Concerning the rents of his farm. " I hear 
 of a warrant, and its certainlie true, that is come to the cheife 
 constables hand, for him to give notice to everie one that were 
 chardged with horse and armes, by an Act of the last Parliament, 
 to pay ten pounds for our horse and armes upon the first of 
 December, to the Treasurer appointed by the Committee att 
 Norwich. What the countrie will doe in itt I knowe not ; 
 I presume itt wilbe leavied by force yf denyed. I knowe no 
 remedie." 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE MARQUIS OP ORMOND to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1659, Dec. 17. " My Lord, I am made beleeve that you 
 will not bee displeased to bee assured of my service and of any 
 respects to you this way, both which I am prepared to pay 
 you upon the accompt of your zeale to the good old cause and 
 by an obligation of kindred much valued by mee ; I hope it 
 will not bee long but that cause will bee hopefully set afoote 
 againe in which Coll. Finch may bee no unusefull person to 
 your Lordship, the rather that serveing under your orders 
 hee will have a double obligation to bee as hee hath formerly 
 bin dilligent and faithfull, you will therefore excuse my re- 
 comending him to your Lordship who desire upon all 
 occasions to bee knowen as your Lordships very faithfull 
 and very humble servant O." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to KING CHARLES II. 
 
 1660, May 1. London. "Sire, since the late great 
 oppressions of justice and honour, I have had no opportunities 
 any other way to represent my duty and services to your 
 Majesty, but by endeavouring to act what was neither safe 
 nor prudent to write. And though I neither have nor ever 
 shall suppose my life fit to be kept, when it can be layed out 
 to the advantage of your Majesty's service ; yet I thought it 
 a part of duty not to inclose my life in a letter, when by it I 
 hop'd to give a more real testimony of my loyalty from the 
 feild, then from my closet. But Sir, your Majestyes King- 
 domes are now full of joy and already feele so much of the 
 prosperities that come along in your retinue, that in this new 
 pleasure and transport I cannot be temperate or restrained 
 from congratuling to your Majesty that which none but evil 
 men and evil angels can envy, I meane the hearts of your 
 people, which now breake forth from their inclosures of 
 feare and tyranny and feele a new and strainger joy, too big 
 to be either expressed or concealed. And because this is the
 
 79 
 
 first effect of our liberty, I have with all humility made this 
 addresse that I may have the honour to receive your Majesties 
 commands ; of which I shall render account with my life and 
 fortune, with all diligence and duty ; your Majestye's service 
 being in it selfe the greatest honour and to me the most 
 ambitious desir of, &c." 1| pp. 
 Endorsed, " A coppy my letter to the King." 
 
 THE EARL OF WENCHILSEA to LORD CHANCELLOR HYDE. 
 
 1660, May 1. Essex House. " Since every thing that is 
 honourable and worthy hath beene sullied and afflicted by 
 the impure tongues and hands of dishonourable and unworthy 
 persons, I have lesse cause to wonder that both your Lordship 
 and my selfe have been misrepresented to each other. But 
 I account happy that I truly understand the worthinesse and 
 excellencies of your Lordship and so fully satisfyed of your 
 justice, fidelity and wisedome, that as I thinke his Majestic 
 fortunate in such a Minister of State, so I shall account 
 myselfe happy in such a friendshipp as I shall esteeme yours 
 to be to those to whom you shall bee pleased to impart it. 
 My Lord we are full of hopes and expectations of his Majesties 
 retume ; and it will bee a pleasure to me hi that day of joy, 
 to see in his councell and family so wise, so just, so faithful! 
 a person as your Lordship, and I beseech your Lordship to 
 believe that you have none here who with greater truth " shall 
 professe himself your servant. Copy. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE MARQUIS OF ORMOND. 
 
 1660, May 1. Essex House. Your Lordship hath much 
 honoured me and my family by vouchsafing to acknowledge 
 the cognation of our houses. You have been pleased to 
 recommend to me my cousin Finch, whom I will endeavour 
 to serve with such diligence as shall show my readiness to do 
 you service. 
 
 " I hope that before it be long I shall kisse your Lordshipps 
 hands in England, and in the midst of that publike joy, which 
 begins now to invest this Kingdome for the returne of 
 our glorious Prince I shall feele a perticular deliousnesse [sic] 
 in the restitution of your Lordshipp to that splendour which 
 your birth and virtues have long since made to be your due. 
 My lord, amongst those many that honour you, your Lordshipp 
 shall find no services more ready, no regards more affectionate 
 then those which shall bee passionately pay'd to your 
 Lordshipp by your Lordshipps most humble servant and 
 cosen." Copy. 1% pp. 
 
 THE SAME to CHARLES II. 
 
 1660, May 5. London. " Although my passionate desires of 
 attending your Majesties person thrust me forward to the 
 seizing of the first opportunity, yet I suffered my desires of
 
 80 
 
 attending your Majesties service to prevaile ; there being 
 reason great enough in this, at least to equall the passion of the 
 other. But because the General hath promis'd he will give 
 me the command of Dover Castle, which is to be prepar'd 
 for the service and reception of your Majesty ; and your 
 Majestyes affayres in the Howse require a continuall watch- 
 fullness and perticular treatment, I could not obtaine of 
 myselfe to be willing to humor my desires to the diminution 
 of your services. For although I am impatient untill I receive 
 that blessing to waite on your sacred person, yet I shall then 
 receive more satisfaction, when I shall have prosperously 
 conducted that portion of the publick business which is under 
 my care ; and therefore, that I may now stay here I did 
 procure of my friends to excuse at present my personall 
 attendance on your Majesty, with as much regret as I shall 
 recive pleasure, when the Bills which are now in projection 
 shall be contrived and fmish'd, to your Majesties satisfaction ; 
 of which I shall take a care equal to that desir I have of being 
 placed in your Majesties faire opinion and esteeme." Copy. 
 
 CIPHER. 
 
 1660, May 19-29. The cipher used by the Earl of Winchilsea 
 with Sir Edward Nicholas and Sir Henry Bennett. A numerical 
 cipher, rilling two large sheets. The words or syllables are 
 printed, the numbers (going up to 1052) being filled in with 
 the pen. At the bottom is printed, " Brux. 29 of May 1660, 
 st. no." 
 
 CHARLES II. to THE TURKEY COMPANY. 
 
 1660, June 25. Court at Whitehall. Recommending 
 Heneage, Earl of Winchilsea, to succeed Sir Thomas Bendyshe 
 as ambassador to Constantinople. Copy. 1 p. 
 
 Endorsed, " His Majesties leter to the Levant Company 
 touching my Ambassy." Unsigned. \ p. 
 
 ANGELO CORRARA to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA, in London. 
 
 1660, Aug. [6-] 16. Venice. Rejoicing over his Majesty's 
 happy Restoration. Italian. 1| pp. 
 
 CHARLES II. to THE SULTAN MAHOMET HAN. 
 
 1660, Aug. 25. Whitehall. Copy of Lord Winchilsea's 
 credentials. Letter Book, p.1\. English. 1 p. 
 
 Also, Same date. The like credentials, acldressed to the 
 Grand Vizier. Ibid. p. 72. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1660, Sept. 19. Indented articles between the Earl of 
 Winchilsea and the Levant Company. Sealed with the common
 
 81 
 
 seal of the Company, of red wax in a metal case. Large sheet 
 of parchment. [There is a copy of these articles in 8. P. Dom. % 
 calendared under date.] 
 
 The EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1660, Sept. 28. His Majesty's private instructions to the 
 Earl of Winchilsea, appointed ambassador to the Porte of 
 the Grand Signer. Sign manual. Countersigned by Sir Edw. 
 Nicholas. 6 pp. Seal impressed. 
 
 CHARLES II. to the EARL OF WENCHILSEA. 
 
 1660, Sept. 29. Whitehall. Recommending the case of 
 James Man, merchant of London, and his sons, James and 
 George Man of Leghorn, from whom a considerable estate is 
 said to be detained by William Pearle and Francis Driver of Con- 
 stantinople. If these latter cannot be made to give satis- 
 faction, they are to be sent to England. Sign manual, counter- 
 signed by Nicholas. 1 p. 
 
 Also, Same date. A like recommendation for Henry 
 Bowyer, merchant of London, who some years since wrongfully 
 sustained great loss at Tunis, " almost to the ruin of himself 
 and his family." Signed ut supra. 1 p. 
 
 SIR THOMAS BENDYSHE to THE SAME. 
 
 1660, Oct. 10. Pera. Thanking his Excellency for kindness 
 shown to his son, and expressing his pleasure that since it 
 pleases his Majesty to recall him, he will have so honourable 
 a successor, " whose fayre reception in this Port, and quiet 
 and easie establishment here " shall be his care and study. 1 p. 
 Seal of arms. 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to THE SAME. 
 
 1660, October 12-22. Whitehall. I have received your 
 Lordship's letters by your secretary, Mr. Ricaut, and shall 
 do all I can to get the Algiers business expedited before your 
 departure. 
 
 " As touching the King's allowing to every voluntier trooper 
 Si. a yeare, I shall forbeare to say anything of it to the King, 
 for that in other countries (where there are deputy Lieutenants 
 who doe procure and list voluntiers) there hath been no such 
 demand made, nor do I believe the King intends any allow- 
 ance to any such voluntiers." I see no occasion for your 
 repair hither before going to sea, but if I shall, I will give you 
 notice of it. Pray tell me when you set sail for Turkey. 
 Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 LORD CHANCELLOR HYDE to THE SAME. 
 
 1660, Oct. 14. Worcester House. "I have your Lordshipps 
 favour of the 10 and can hardly yett believe that you will 
 Wt, 29495. yi 6
 
 82 
 
 leave Englande without seinge London agayne ; you heare 
 of the sadnesse at Essex house, for the death of my poore Lady 
 Awdry, and the extreme sicknesse of my Lord Duke of 
 Somersett much increased it ; I doubte he cannot hold out 
 longe, the Kinge was this afternoone to see him. I can yett 
 give you little accounte of the dispatch for Argiers ; ther was 
 direction at the councell table to the Secretaryes, to confer 
 with my Lord Insiquin and some merchants who came from 
 thence, and so to make the dispatch, but I doubte ther 
 attendance at the sessyons table hindered them from makinge 
 any greate progresse in it : I wish your Lordshipp all 
 imaginable happinesse." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 PAUL EICAUT to the EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1660, Oct. 16. London. " This day the Committee met 
 twice concerning the businesse of Algier ; ... tomorrow 
 is againe appointed to give a full end to it." In the evening 
 I shall have the despatches, and hope to see you on Friday 
 morning at the latest. The Secretaries desire you to retard 
 your voyage until I come with the Algier Instructions, and 
 several of the Turkey Company think that this would conduce 
 to the service. 1| pp. 
 
 CHARLES II. to THE SAME. 
 
 1660, Oct. 17. Whitehall. Desiring him to give his best 
 endeavours to further the security of the English trade in 
 the Levant, by preventing any sudden breach with Argiers 
 and obtaining a renewal of the former articles of peace, by 
 sending Lawrence to Argiers with the King's letter, and 
 authorizing the consul there to enter into a new treaty, " if 
 they close not " upon the letter. Sign manual. | p. 
 Endorsed by Winchilsea, " His Majesties letter to mee." 
 
 Instructions for ROBERT BROWNE, Consul at Algiers. 
 
 1660, Oct. 17. Whitehall. 1. To deliver his Majesty's 
 letters to the Governor, when brought by Lawrence. 
 
 2. If they do not agree to confirm the peace, to procure 
 " a competent time of warning " for the merchants and others, 
 before any breach shall ensue. 
 
 3. If necessary, to employ a sum not exceeding 200/. to 
 " such in power there as have best interest." 
 
 4. To follow the instructions of the Earl of Winchilsea. 
 
 5. To demand the liberty of those servants taken with the 
 Lord Inchiquin and his son. Sign manual of Charles II. 
 Countersigned by Sir Edward Nicholas. Seal impressed. 
 1 p. 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to the EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1660, Oct. 18. Whitehall." I have acquainted the King 
 with the contents of your severall letters to me. By this
 
 83 
 
 bearer, your Lordshipp will receave a full dispatch concerning 
 the business of Algiers, which, when you come before that place, 
 you shall doe well to send for Mr. Browne the consul, and 
 deliver to him to be presented to the Bassaw or chief magistrat 
 there ; and I pray be carefull to send from thence an account 
 of what you have done, and how the Bassaw doth enterteyne 
 his Majesties ratificacion of the former treaty made with 
 that place. I wish your Lordshipp and your noble lady a 
 happy voyage, and shall in all occasions be very sollicitous 
 to serve you." 1 p. 
 
 The EARL OF WINCHILSEA to CHARLES II. 
 
 1660, Nov. 6. Lisbon. Informing his Majesty of his safe 
 arrival in Lisbon, after a most violent storm, in which the 
 Plymouth lost her mainmast, and the pumps were almost 
 " disappointed." 
 
 Mr. Maynard's kindness has persuaded him on shore, and he 
 has been visited by many nobles, sent by the King and Queen 
 Mother to offer help. Capt. Allen is allowed to chose from 
 the royal stores all he needs and they hope in five days to put 
 out again to sea. Letter Book, p. 4. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to the EARL OP SOUTHAMPTON, Lord Treasurer. 
 
 1660, Nov. 6. Lisbon. I send your Lordship a particular 
 account of my voyage hither which I pray you peruse. Several 
 of the nobility here have made me their visits, and I have 
 collected what intelligence I could. Don Francesco de 
 Mello, late ambassador in England, assured me that as fair 
 a correspondency passed between our King and the King of 
 Portugal as could be wished, and that Lisbon was as much 
 English as London. The like did Don Antonio de Sousa, 
 who was ambassador in England in 1643, but these may be 
 merely compliments. I have caused Mr. Maynard, our consul 
 here, to make enquiries concerning their inclinations to a 
 union with England, and he tells me the Council is much 
 divided, but Mr. Russell, Don F. de Mello's secretary, 
 is going for England, which can only be to endeavour to 
 mitigate the severity and rigour of their propositions sent 
 from thence. 
 
 I perceive no provisions made here for sea, though the 
 Spaniards threaten them with a fleet and troops, now at 
 Cadiz. Their poverty here is so pungent that they have 
 seized the bishops' estates, on the ground that the Pope having 
 created no bishops since the revolt of the kingdom, the sees 
 are become vacant and the revenue accrues to the King. 
 
 In my opinion Tangier " would bee a convenient port for our 
 King's shipping, both to curb and bridle- all the Christian 
 shoare and to make invasions on the Moores by land, whensoever 
 they practise their accustomed pyracies,"
 
 84 
 
 They are endeavouring to raise a militia here, besides the 
 troops of the army and garrisons, but the King of Spain means, 
 it is said, to invade them in four places, so that their army 
 being divided, they would be the less able to resist. Also 
 they fear an invasion by sea against Lisbon, which lies open 
 and unfortified. Some forts are erecting, but if a sudden 
 surprise came before the works are finished, they have no 
 other defence but a multitude of undisciplined inhabitants. 
 Yet " wee find them infected with their Spanish flegme, 
 gravitie and slowth, which . . . would bringe on them an 
 inevitable ruine, did their enemies take advantage of it." 
 I am not yet received at court. Letter Boole, p. 2. 2| pp. 
 
 The .EARL or WINCHILSEA to SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS, 
 Secretary of State. 
 
 1660, Nov. 6. Lisbon. " .... By the best information 
 I have procured, I find theyr condition [here] exceeding low, 
 having neither strength at sea, any considerable army by land, 
 or money wherewith to compass either ; insomuch that from 
 Don Francesco de Melo his mouth I understand the pro- 
 positions from England are very like to be embraced, and that 
 his secretary Mr. Russell will forthwith be dispatched with 
 intimation thereof, and with orders only to endeavour a 
 moderation in some particulars, but I am well assured theyr 
 necessities will enforce them to yeeld to his Majestys termes." 
 
 The Algier men have taken another English ship. There 
 are yet five English frigates in port. Letter Book, p. 5. p. 
 
 With note that letters were also written to Sir Nicholas 
 Oudart, Sir Heneage Finch and Sir Edward Bering. 
 
 THE SAME to CHARLES II. 
 
 1660, Nov. 12-22. Since my last letter, " the Portugalls 
 have endeavoured to exceed" in their courtesies to the 
 English, making proclamations of penaltie on any who 
 should injure or affront them," and keeping strict guard at 
 night for the protection of my servants. My reception by the 
 King was retarded, partly that the court might mourn " as 
 well as your Majesties at home for the Catholicke losse of our 
 deare Duke [of Gloucester] in whom all Christendome is 
 concerned," but chiefly because they would have had me 
 bare and the King covered, which, as your Majesty's ambassador 
 and a peer of England, I judged would be some derogation to 
 your Majesty and to me. But it being concluded that the 
 King should be uncovered as well as myself, on the 7-17 of 
 this month I was conducted, well attended, to the court, 
 where " was scarce absent any person of qualitie or eminency, 
 to make my reception the more solemne and courteous." The 
 next day I received notice that the Queen expected a visit, 
 and so entered her chamber, " though I cannot say her presence, 
 for I saw none but antient matrons in the roome, composed 
 in their countenance and like statues without motion, and as
 
 85 
 
 sometimes like Moses in the Mount, I heard a voice only . . . 
 for there was a screeene betweene her Majestic and myself, 
 which was excused afterwards by reason of her old age and 
 indisposition of body, which made her unfit for the sight of 
 any visitants." The Queen assured me that affairs between 
 England and Portugal were so likely to be united that nothing 
 could interrupt a happy conjuncture, and bid me let your 
 Majesty know so much. And as Mr. Russell, the Conde de 
 Odemira and the Duke of Calaval all assure me, she kissed the 
 papers received from England, and said " that none but an 
 angell could be authour of so good a message and that your 
 Majestic asked lesse then what they were ready to give." 
 
 Yesterday I received so noble an entertainment from the 
 Conde de Odemira, governor to the young King, that Spain 
 appears to me, in spite of vulgar imputations of famine and 
 penury, to have more luxury than our more fruitful and 
 northern climates. 
 
 I understand privately that Tangier is almost sure to fall 
 into your Majesty's hands, and I am infinitely rejoiced, for 
 it is a place of so high advantage " as to make all these parts 
 of Europe tremble at your new African dominions ; 
 and Asia will bee more in awe and my presence there more 
 respected, when I can bee seconded by so powerfull and 
 dangerous neighbours ; and being your Majestic will bee 
 in some manner obliged to constitute a governour in that place 
 of the Romane religion, bee pleased to cast an eye on Col. 
 Finch," who will serve you as faithfully as any of our English 
 church and principles. 
 
 We are informed that Hullil, the Cromwell and tyrant of 
 Algier, has been strangled, with his wife, by his own people. 
 
 I am now upon my departure and must make an end of this 
 tedious letter, which I hope my zeal to your Majesty's service 
 will sufficiently excuse. Letter Book, p. 8. 4 pp. 
 
 The EARL OP WINCHILSEA to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1660, Nov. 12. Lisbon. " On the 7th present I was 
 attended in his Majesties coaches by the Master of the 
 Ceremonies and the whole factory of English merchants here 
 to audience with his Majesty of Portugall." [Gives an account 
 of his audiences with the King and Queen mother, as in the pre- 
 ceding letter.] 
 
 " I have been earnestly sollicited, even by the Queen herselfe, 
 to obtein the embassy from England hether, which I have 
 hitherto refused, as unwilling to quitt a certain good for an 
 uncertain better ; but if the treaty should at last produce a 
 match between his Majestie and the Infanta here, it might 
 indeed be worth acceptance, and I would nothing doubt, 
 with the continuance of your Lordship's favour and assistance, 
 to acquitt my Turky employment with mine own honour and 
 the free consent of the merchants. In the mean time, I have,
 
 86 
 
 on her Majesties request, undertaken a correspondency from 
 Turky, so far as may in no wise intrench on his Majesty's 
 interest or good pleasure." 
 
 The Brazil fleet sets sail two days hence, and Don Antonio 
 de Souza tells me of their further intention to set out twenty 
 ships of war ; but the first design will so drain their port of 
 shipping and men " that the latter must certainly end where 
 it began, in vaine discourse, unless the English with some 
 favourable supply answer theyr greedy hopes." 
 
 I have had a further visit from the Conde d' Odimira and 
 the Duke of Colaval, who both assure me that his Majesty's 
 demands will receive a satisfactory answer. I cannot 
 recommend as fit a person to be agent here, in case the treaty 
 require it, as Consul Maynard, and the only advance he desires, 
 above his present consulage, is 300Z. a year, whereas no man 
 can undertake that employment apart for less than twice so 
 much. Knowing your intimacy with Lord Roberds, I have 
 presumed to refer him to your Lordship, whose votes together 
 will help much. But if an agent may not be thought of, I 
 request you to procure licence for him to furnish the King 
 here with a hundred iron guns, which they have urgent need for. 
 
 I find that neither Goa nor any other place in the power of 
 Portugal can be of so great advantage to his Majesty as the 
 island of Ceylon, which affords cinnamon the most and the 
 best, above all others. The chief city, Columba, was about 
 two years since surprised by the Hollanders, whereby 
 Portugal is debarred from the greatest benefit of the island, 
 and Holland has only a bare city, all the fruit about it being 
 destroyed by the natives. This might make his Majesty's 
 demand the more obtainable, and the city may easily be gained 
 from the Hollanders, either by treaty or conquest. 
 
 Yesterday I was honoured with a magnificent entertainment 
 at a country seat by the Conde d'Odimira, together with the 
 Duke of Colaval, the Visconde de Castello Blanco and Don 
 Francisco de Melo. This last is at length confirmed in the 
 second embassy, and may suddenly return for England. 
 
 From Algiers we have news " that Halil, the late Cromwell 
 of those parts, is cutt in pieces by the people, whose revenge 
 spared not also his poore wife. . . . 
 
 " Being now hastening on board, is brought by Antonio de 
 Sousa, from her Majesty the Queen Mother, to my wife, a 
 very stately Jewell of diamants, costing here about 300Z. 
 sterling, together with a large stock of rich essens and 
 perfumes." The next port I shall touch at is Malaga. Letter 
 Book, p. 6. 2 pp. 
 
 With notes of letters written at the same time to Sir Edward 
 Nicholas, Col. Charles Finch, and Sir Heneage Finch ; this 
 last being more particularly about obtaining the embassy at 
 Lisbon, if the match with the Infanta takes place, in which 
 case, he would resign the Turkey employment to Sir Edward 
 Dering.
 
 87 
 
 The EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD CHANCELLOR 
 CLARENDON. 
 
 1660, Nov. 12-22. Lisbon. [For the most part a repetition 
 of that to the King above.] 
 
 The Ambassador for England, Don Francisco de Mello, may 
 possibly be put out of his employment, having the Conde de 
 Torres for his secret competitor. 
 
 An English ship, bound for Alicant, has been taken by 
 four Algier men of war, upon pretence of having Spanish 
 goods aboard. Being afterwards chased by a French fleet, 
 " the vessell was lost and the goods confiscated as a shipwracke, 
 though the men escaped the condition of captives." As yet 
 the peace is not so wholly broken with those pirates but that 
 I may compose it. 
 
 " Yesterday I received a generous entertainment from the 
 Conde de Odemira . . . when we had so much freedome in 
 all our conversation that I thought myselfe in England 
 againe, especially when we remembered your Lordships 
 health and my Lord Treasurers, which was performed by 
 the Portugalls with no small ceremonie and devotion." 
 Letter Book, p. 11. 3J pp. 
 
 TREATY WITH ALGIER. 
 
 1660, Nov. 23. " A narrative of the Treaty with Algier," 
 begun on above date. By Lord Winchilsea. Letter Book, 
 p. 16. 9 pp. 
 
 The EARL OF WINCHILSEA to ROBERT BROWNE, Consul of 
 Algier. 
 
 1660, Nov. 26. Plymouth frigate, before Algier. " It is 
 much to our trouble that your negotiations in the treatie of 
 Algier hath had such ill successe, and my expectation, advice 
 and attendance in a bad roade, so insignificant and fruitless. 
 You know wee cannot condescend farther, . . . and therefore 
 my advice is to you that you deliver my letter, give them 
 what faire words and hopes you can of a conclusion, so as not 
 to make them absolutely desperate of a peace ; desire their 
 letter once more to the King, and obtaine libertie for yourself 
 to bee the messenger. By which meanes you may deferre 
 their piracy on us for some time, and secure your own person 
 and estate if you find no other remedy." 
 
 You must still endeavour a peace according to your 
 instructions, but if it cannot be effected, must give notice 
 to all the English factories you can reach, of the danger of a 
 breach. I can do no more but " wish you a safe deliverance 
 out of our enemies hands, and securitie in a place of more 
 faithfullnesse and reason." Letter Book, p. 29. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to the KING. 
 
 1660, Dec. 3-13. Plymouth frigate, before Messina. Since 
 my departure from Lisbon, I have been at Algier, " a journey
 
 88 
 
 which, by reason of the season of the yeare, the barbarous 
 humour of the people and the danger of a bad roade," only 
 my obedience to your Majesty could have engaged me in. I 
 have endeavoured to conclude a peace with that piratical 
 nation, but have not been able to perfect the agreement, unless 
 I had consented to conditions neither honourable to your 
 Majesty nor beneficial for the merchants. It was finally 
 agreed that the former articles should stand in force, and the 
 peace be esteemed as yet firm (only that the difference con- 
 cerning the searching of English ships should be left in 
 suspense) until your Majesty shall intimate disapprobation, 
 so that you may, at your pleasure, declare an open defiance, 
 and compel them to your own terms. Letter Book, p. 24. 
 2pp. 
 
 The EARL OF WINCHILSEA to his brother [in law] 
 LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1660, Dec.* 3-13. Plymouth. Messina. Giving an account 
 of the violent storms which they had experienced on 
 their way to Algier, and of a contention between the captain 
 of his ship and a Turk who wished to go in it to Constantinople, 
 as to passage money. Winchilsea and the consul, fearing evil 
 results to the newly released English ships and captives if 
 the Turk returned on shore with angry complaints, have 
 furnished 501. from money sent to the consul to use at his 
 discretion, and hope the King will approve. 
 
 It would be one of the greatest felicities in the world if he 
 could persuade his Lordship " out of a letter " sometimes, of 
 counsel and directions ; but knowing how tedious an employ- 
 ment writing is to him, and how difficult to be procured by the 
 dearest of his Lordship's relations, it will be happiness enough 
 if he will order Sir Philip Warwick to express his thoughts 
 and give his advice, always " so dear and precious " and now 
 more so than ever, when the distance between them is so great. 
 Letter Book, p. 26. 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS. 
 
 1660, Dec. 3-13. Plymouth, Port of Messina. Gives an 
 account of the storms they have encountered, for six tedious 
 days. The Eaglet was taken by the Algier pirates, but 
 released again on sight of her royal commission, and " in 
 her safety" it is hoped the merchant ships will be out of 
 danger. 
 
 " Poore Capt. Browne, who brought mee his Majesties 
 order in his behalf, I was no wayes able to serve, his ship 
 being since retaken from Algier by the French, to whom 
 they directed mee for recompense ; and as little could I doe 
 for the poore Lord Bryan or his father's servants ; Ramadan, 
 the now usurper, claiming his lordships freedome, which I 
 
 * Dated November by mistake.
 
 feare is not to bee recovered by us but by the generall remedy 
 of a fleet of ships." I shall however try to procure a letter 
 from the Grand Signer to Ramadan in his behalf. 
 
 " Ramadan hath promised to write a letter to his Majesty 
 signifying his resolution to search our ships, notwithstanding 
 my absolute dissenting therein ; and that Mr. Browne, now 
 Consul there . . . shall carry it himself, in answer whereto, 
 if his Majesty shall dislike it, and rather renounce the peace, 
 his rude phrase was : ' He knows.' ' 
 
 All this trouble is due to Cason's neglect, for hi the articles 
 he made with them, they were in no wise prohibited from 
 seizing strangers' goods or men. 
 
 " And now I crave leave to acquaint you that as all the 
 consulships of Turkey (save those the Company reserves hi 
 their articles) are properly at my disposall, so, if any bee 
 imposed on mee, a great part of the benefit of the embassy 
 is taken from mee. Yet, as I heare, that of Tunis is allready 
 begged from his Majestic and that of Algier strongly in chace ; to 
 which, and all others in that kind, I desire you to give a stop." 
 
 Besides, they cannot be admitted but by a barat or com- 
 mission from the Grand Signor, which none can procure save 
 myself at Constantinople. 
 
 The Consul of Algier, until of late, has always been allowed 
 an annual pension of 400/., without which his expences cannot 
 be defrayed, which " would be of a sad consequence to all 
 that bee or shall bee enslaved, and the owners of all ships 
 and goods that may bee taken by them. 
 
 " I arrived here yesterday, that I might convey home 
 this account of Algier and other matters, and might also 
 refresh myself some hours on shore, after a tedious voyage, 
 but so rudely am I here treated, that neither the guns 
 which I shot to their fort were returned, nor, after my addresse 
 to their praticke house, in twenty-four houres space did the 
 face of a gentleman appear to give me at least an answer." 
 At last some inferior fellows brought me word that their 
 Vice-roy was out of town and no pratique could be had, 
 whereupon I resolve to sail to-morrow for Smyrna. Letter 
 Book, p. 29. 2J pp. 
 
 The EARL OF WINCHILSEA to the CONDE DE AYALA, Vice-roy 
 
 of Sicily, at Palermo. 
 
 1660, Dec. 8-18. Messina. Stating that being sent by his 
 master, King Charles II, now happily restored to his throne, 
 as ambassador extraordinary to the Porte, he and his wife 
 have arrived at Messina, desiring to refresh themselves there 
 a little after the discomforts of their voyage. Before dis- 
 embarking however, they think well to announce their arrival 
 to his Excellency, and must not fail to inform him of the 
 honour and courtesy shown them by D. Francisco de Villa 
 Padierna, Stratago of this city. Hopes that his Excellency 
 will of his goodness, excuse their resorting to him for
 
 90 
 
 protection. They know not how it is that they have failed 
 to gain the goodwill of the magistrates of this city, who, by 
 various acts, have excused themselves from their obligation 
 to give the help which was due to foreigners and distinguished 
 ministers. But this negligence will not annoy them, if it 
 is compensated for by the favour of his Excellency and the 
 Signor Stratago, of which they are in no doubt, seeing that 
 the good correspondence between the two Kings cannot fail 
 also to exist between their ministers. Letter Book, p. 32. 
 Spanish. I p. 
 
 The EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1660, Dec. 9-19. Messina. Stating that as, for four days, 
 he was refused admission to Messina " upon the scruple of 
 pratica," for want of a bill of health, he had resolved to 
 depart ; there being nothing to detain him but a desire that 
 his wife should breathe awhile ashore to refresh herself. The 
 Stratago or Commander of the Castles, however, being a 
 Spaniard " and so naturally more civil than the Sicilians," 
 obtained pratique, furnished him a house, invited him ashore, 
 and showed him much civility and respect. The six Jurati, 
 in whose hands is all the civil power and who never approve 
 what the Stratago does, " being allwayes in opposition to the 
 Spanish ministers," neglected him in every way, which barbarous 
 rudeness he has made known to the Vice-roy at Palermo, from 
 whom he is sure they will receive a severe admonition. 
 Letter Book, p. 33. 1 p. Original in S.P. Turkey, under date. 
 
 With note that the same letter was written to Sir Edward 
 Nicholas. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1660, Dec. 17. Smyrna. Has arrived here with a prosperous 
 gale, and no inconvenience save a small distemper of body, 
 now abated. His stay will not be more than two or three 
 weeks ; no longer than will enable him to settle what business 
 has to be despatched and to ease himself on land from the 
 tediousness of his voyage. Letter Book, p. 34. 1 p. 
 
 The same letter sent to Sir E. Nicholas, the Turkey 
 Company and Sir Heneage Finch. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR THOMAS BENDYSHE. 
 
 1660, Dec. 17. This is to let your Lordship know I am on this 
 side of the world, and ready to return your kind salute with 
 expressions of the same friendship. When I arrive at 
 Constantinople, " I shall cast myself wholy on the direction 
 of your experience, whose office I come not -to invade, but 
 relieve you from the charge of your weightie employment, 
 who have stood so long centinell on the guard and defence of 
 your country. As you are pleased with my succession of you, 
 so it is a satisfaction to mee to bee preceded by one of your 
 deserts, whose worth and prudence hath affected the office
 
 91 
 
 with that respect and reverence of strangers " that I shall 
 have the reflection of your fame and reputation. Letter 
 Book, p. 34. 1 p. 
 
 The EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR THOMAS BENDYSHE. 
 
 1660, Dec. 17. Since sealing his letter he has heard the 
 complaints of the Levant Company of their past losses 
 " by the admittance of Louyses" [base French money], which 
 would have daily increased, to the ruin of their trade, if his Lord- 
 ship had not " so timely layd a helping hand to the remedie of 
 this grievance." His Lordship will do good service by procuring 
 the forfeiture of such money, and of all other of that stamp 
 which shall enter the Grand Signer's dominions. The French 
 consul and divers of his nation start to-morrow for that court 
 " to use their best interest to preserve their owne selves and 
 the reputation of their false mony," wherefore he must^ be 
 vigilant and speedy. Letter Book, p. 35. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to JONATHAN DAWES. 
 
 1660, Dec. 17. Rejoicing that he intends to remain at 
 Constantinople, both for the enjoyment of his company and 
 conversation, and for the benefit of his advice and experience. 
 Letter Book, p. 36. 1 p. 
 
 SIR THOMAS BENDYSHE to the EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1660, Dec. 27. Pera. Your Excellency's kind expressions 
 surpass not only my expectations but my merits, and I fear 
 you will find on your arrival minvit proesentia famam ; but 
 what you shall also certainly find is my faithful zeal to serve 
 you. Your commands against the " Lewises " I immediately 
 put in execution by demanding audience of the Vizier. When 
 I see him, I shall accomplish your desires to the utmost of my 
 power. 1 pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1660, Dec. 29. Pera. The Vizier has given orders that 
 none of the " Lewises " shall pass, that what come in future 
 shall be confiscated and that " those moneys sealed in the 
 French consul's hand should be sent to the mint here, they 
 receiving their value, according to their weight." Has 
 informed the Vizier of his Lordship's safe arrival at Smyrna 
 and intention for this port, together with his " high qualifi- 
 cations and extraordinary honour, which required from the 
 Port a respect correspondent thereunto." This he has 
 promised his Excellency shall have. 1 pp. 
 
 PATRICK SYMSONNE to the EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Jan. [1-]11. Yaslovietz. Understands, by Mr. 
 Gait's and Mr. Bonithon's letters, that his Excellency has taken
 
 92 
 
 him under his protection, and granted a " battulation " upon 
 those goods which his enemies have robbed him of, carried to 
 the Porte, and as he hears, sold. Prays that any others which 
 shall be brought thither may be stopped until he arrives at 
 Warsaw, where he will procure an order from the King of 
 Poland. Hopes this may be done before the present parlia- 
 ment be concluded, " in which we have great expectation of 
 a most desired peace with the Muscovite, since his ambassador 
 is living still at Warshaw." Will send other documents to 
 evidence his right to the ashes [i.e. potashes] and the wrongs 
 he has and yet does sustain. 1 p. 
 
 [There are several other letters from this writer and his 
 brother William, on the same subject and in relation to his 
 trade in potashes, the last being dated Feb. 26-March 7, 1668. 
 The letters are most of them sealed with their coat of arms, viz. 
 three crescents in chief, over a star.] 
 
 The EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1660[-1], Jan. 3. Smyrna. " I cannot but condole with 
 your Lordship our mutuall losse of the Duke of Somerset, 
 whose owne worth and merits might make his death lamented 
 by all his relations and the whole kingdome ; but more 
 especially it is to be resented by mee, who have lost one by 
 whose assistance and authoritie my interest and memory 
 might in my longest absence [have] beene preserved." And 
 truly now I have cause to fear that at this distance I may be 
 reckoned also among the dead, unless your Lordship will 
 remind the King that he has a minister in these parts of the 
 world who " hopes to live neerer under the shadow and 
 refreshment of his Majestic." Lord Bath promised me that 
 when my Lord Duke died, and he was promoted to be groom 
 of the stole (as promised) he would use his interest that I 
 might be one of the gentlemen of the bedchamber. The King 
 gave me some hopes of this, but as it is not probable that 
 either he or Lord Bath will remember me in the matter, I 
 pray you to continue me in his Majesty's memory. Letter 
 Book, p. 37. 1 p. 
 
 SIR THOMAS BENDYSHE to the EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1660[-1], Jan. 4. Pera. As the officers that keep the 
 Dardanelli Castles have lately trenched upon the privileges 
 of the English by staying their ships until a small present be 
 given, and he fears lest some such abuse should be offered to 
 his Excellency, he has obtained and is sending an order 
 forbidding such practices. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL RICHARD BAKER to THE SAME. 
 
 1660[-1], Jan. 17. Smyrna. Has received the Grand 
 Signer's orders forbidding the bringing in of the base money 
 called " luises."
 
 " Yesterday the Cadde [i.e. Cadi judge] circumcised a child, 
 and soe could nott be spoken with, butt the drogerman shewed 
 itt to his sonn (who, he sayes governes the father) who 
 promised to do much." 
 
 Complains that the French and Armenians dispute his right 
 " to take whole consulage " on strangers' goods bound on 
 English ships (as ordered by the Turkey Company), and that the 
 English also declare that the Company cannot justify taking 
 more than formerly, or the making orders for other nations. 2 pp. 
 
 CONSUL BAKER to the EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1660[-1], Jan. 20. Smyrna. On the same subjects as 
 the preceding. The orders against the Luises have been 
 proclaimed in the town. 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1660[-1], Jan. 29. Smyrna. There are now four great 
 Holland ships in the bay, and more expected. 
 
 " If your Excellency find nott owt a way, they will gett 
 away all the trade, for they take butt one per cent, consulage, 
 and soe all the Armenians, Jewes, and yea the English them- 
 selfes lade their goods on them, by which they gett away all 
 the consulage, and the Company will have none ; and this, I 
 beleive, is States policy, contrived at Amsterdam whereby to 
 ruine our shipping and this trade," for although the Act doth not 
 permit them to bring these goods to England, they carry them to 
 Leghorn and there put them into an English ship. " I had need 
 of some skill to countermine affaires here, and I wounder how 
 itt could be formerly donne by those that were not acquainted 
 with marchandizing affaires. The flocke follow the bell- 
 weather, whose businesse is to oppose the Company's orders, 
 making a seperated interest. How shall a howse divided 
 within itself e stand ? " The Holland ships that are expected 
 will bring 500,000 zelots, which it will be necessary to have 
 forbidden and re-coined. 3 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1660[-1], Feb. 9. Smyrna. Announcing the death of 
 his Excellency's servant, Mr. Bargrave. He is buried at Sante 
 Venaranda, whither they all accompanied him ; " his wife 
 most disconsolate, and to be admired for her love and care 
 of him." 1| pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1660[-1], Feb. 11. Smyrna. Concerning his difficulties 
 in the matter of consulage. As to the false money, he will 
 do what he can, but the customer is bribed (it is said by the 
 French), and the money is carried to all parts. Has sent 
 often to the Cadi, but he says he cannot punish without 
 clear proofs, and will not prohibit the money either to enter 
 or to pass. 4 pp.
 
 94 
 
 The EARL OF WINCHILSEA to NICHOLAS PENNING. 
 
 1660-1, Feb. 15. Pera of Constantinople. I am, praise 
 God, arrived at the port of my employment after many various 
 hazards, which you will see from my letters to the Company, 
 as also my reception here, and audience with the Grand Vizier. 
 That with the Grand Signer has been deferred. In con- 
 sideration of my interest at the English Court, the expence 
 and danger of my voyage, and especially my " taking off my 
 hand from the forraigne consulage, to which I knew I had so 
 strong a title," in order to benefit the Company, I think it 
 but reasonable that they should make some addition to my 
 yearly salary ; and desire your assistance as my friend, " that 
 I who am a Peere of England and ambassadour extraordinary 
 that first came to this place may not have cause to repent my 
 voyage." Letter Book, p. 38. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to JOHN BUCKWORTH. 
 
 1660-1, Feb. 18. Pera. Acknowledging his past kind- 
 nesses, praying for a continuance of them, and begging him 
 to consult with his cousin, Sir Heneage Finch, in any matter 
 of moment in regard to his affairs. [The rest of the letter is 
 to the same effect as that to Penning, above.] Letter Book, 
 p. 40. 1 p. 
 
 With note that like letters were written to Sir Wm. Vincent, 
 Sir G. Smith, Mr. Bernardiston and Mr. Elias Harby. 
 
 CONSUL BAKER to the EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1660[-1], Feb. 18. Smyrna. Complaining of the conduct 
 of the Dutch, who plot all they can to out the English from 
 the trade. " The newes from England is the death of the 
 Princes Royall [i.e. Mary, Princess of Orange] ; the queene 
 mother and faire Infanta of England are returned for Paris, 
 the Parlyament dissolved with all content both to his Majestie 
 and people ; 32 Acts passed ; the excise of ale and beare 
 graunted to his Majestie for life, all but Generall Munkes 
 regiments of soldiers are disbanded and paid off; the peace 
 with Spaine at a stande, the match with Portugall goes in 
 treatie. . . . 
 
 " I beseech your Excellencies sense of the capitulation which 
 the Company have bound me to, in 5,000?. forfeiture. Neaver 
 consull yett demauncled two per cent, on the goods English men 
 laded or received by strangers' shipping. I intend to putt 
 it in execution . . . [but] I shall have much adoe with them 
 about this businesse." 2| pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1660[-1], Feb. 22. Smyrna. Concerning the disregard of 
 his Excellency's orders against the exporting of potashes, 
 especially by Mr. Arnold White.
 
 95 
 
 It is said that a Chous [steward or government agent]* is 
 coming down to seize on all the ships in the road for the Grand 
 Signor's service, which makes the Hollanders to post away, 
 as they are almost all richly laden. 3 pp. 
 
 CONSUL BAKER to the EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1660[-1], Feb. 26. Smyrna. Has found his dmggermen 
 slothful and remiss ; also they give intelligence to particular 
 factors, and so " the member is furnished to warr against the 
 body," and all he himself does is known and may be prevented. 
 He has therefore given them notice to leave at the end of their 
 term, and prays for a veratts [commission] for Solomon filiolo 
 de Moyse, of whom he had good information in England, and 
 who gives him much satisfaction by his extraordinary parts 
 and fidelity. [The rest of the letter is in relation to the export 
 of potashes, and the bringing in of bad money.] 2| pp. 
 
 CONSUL BENJAMIN LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1660-1, Feb. 26. Aleppo. I have received your 
 Excellency's letter and my commission, for which I return 
 my hearty thanks and shall ever endeavour to prove myself 
 your faithful servant. I have written to the English President 
 of Persia and the President at Surat, to correspond with me, 
 especially touching the affairs of the Dutch and Portugalls. 
 The Fathers at Basora and Bagdatt (through whom I send 
 my packets to Spahaune [Ispahan] and India) advise me of a 
 considerable advantage the Hollanders lately obtained against 
 the Portugalls fleet about Goa, but give no particulars. 
 
 I have acquainted the factory here of your Excellency's 
 arrival and of your care of us. Amongst the particulars which 
 we intreated you to procure was the repair of Moratt Bassa's 
 Bridge,| " a place where our goods, both going and coming 
 from the scale, in the winter tyme receive great damage." The 
 bearer of this, the Shabender [commercial magistrate or consul] 
 of this place, " a person of power and a loving friend to our 
 nation " hath entreated me to write of the necessity for 
 procuring an order in this matter. 1 p. 
 
 Seal of arms. 
 
 The SULTAN MAHOMET HAN to CHARLES II. 
 
 [1660-1, March 1.] Acknowledging his Majesty's letters [of 
 August 25] and assuring him that his merchants shall be 
 protected ; that his new ambassador has been cordially 
 received, and that the old one has free licence to depart. 
 Dated the 10th day of the moon of Regiep, 1071. Letter 
 Book, p. 72. Translation, 1 p. 
 
 Also a like letter from the Grand Vizier. Ibid. 1 pp. 
 
 * Spelt variously by the English writers, clwus, chiaiifi, or clriau. 
 
 I The necessity of this work is urged in very many of the letters.
 
 The EARL OF WINCHILSEA to the KINO. 
 
 1660-1, March 1. Pera. Announcing his safe arrival, his 
 reception by Sir Thomas Bendyshe, and his audience of the 
 Grand Signor and Vizier, which, by Bendyshe's endeavours, 
 was solemn and honourable. Is sorry a person of Bendyshe's 
 worth has fallen under his Majesty's displeasure, being 
 confident that " his affections were alwaies sincere to the royall 
 interest, as may appeare by his sufferings in the unfortunate 
 rebellion and by his resolutions not to beare any office or 
 authoritie under unlawfull powers untill licensed by the grant 
 and dispensation " of his Majesty's father. If credit may be 
 given to the testimony of those residing at Constantinople, 
 he hath never owned any title but that of his Majesty's 
 ambassador, or treated in any other name. He prays only to 
 come to a fair hearing, and if convicted is willing to submit to 
 the heaviest punishment, but if found innocent, begs to be 
 restored to his Majesty's favour. Letter Book, p. 43. \ p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1660-1, March 1. Pera. I must render your Majesty 
 humble thanks for my secure and comfortable accommodation 
 in the Plymouth. The appearance of such a vessel here has 
 not only done honour to me, as your Ambassador, " but 
 affected the great Emperor himselfe with an apprehension and 
 terrour of his Majesties navy." Capt. Allen has behaved 
 himself with all prudence and vigilence. 
 
 " Being placed in this station by your Majestic, I shall 
 keep my centinell and stand upon my guard untill such tyme 
 as your Majestic shall think fitt to relieve me, knowing no 
 greater contentment and satisfaction in this world then that 
 which may most be agreeable to your Majesties pleasure." 
 Letter Book, p. 44. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1660-1, March 1. Pera. I send you enclosed a narrative 
 of my voyage from Smyrna, my arrival here, and my audience. 
 The Turks have ill-treated me at my first arrival, for they 
 have a design on all the English ships here (the Plymouth 
 not excepted) to carry soldiers to Candy, and I have had 
 to sacrifice one to save the rest. This is the Smyrna Factor, 
 which was seized by command of the Vizier, and so obstinately 
 held, in spite of my opposition, that I believe he would have 
 made a total rupture rather than give way. 
 
 This Vizier is a man of stronger natural parts and more 
 refined resolution than any that has governed the Ottoman 
 Empire. Having the sole power in his hands, he has purged 
 the body politic by cutting off (partly by his own hands) 
 six thousand bashas and great men, whose estates have flown 
 into his own coffers, save such rivulets as he has let pass by
 
 97 
 
 to his master ; and indeed the Empire was so rent by factions 
 that a resolute spirit was necessary, who cut off those members 
 he could not cure. He is punctual in his word, pays all debts 
 to their day, severe in his punishments, generous in his rewards. 
 He hates all Christians, and hopes to conquer all Italy and 
 Rome, though he is aged, dropsical and affected with gout 
 and jaundice. 
 
 The Grand Signer is not more than twenty-two years old, 
 and wholly governed by the Vizier, whom he calls father. 
 His treasuries are vast and rich, containing the riches amassed 
 by many predecessors, 
 
 There is no ambassador residing here but one from France, 
 whose ill-treatment by the Turks has rendered him 
 contemptible, for deporting himself at an audience as became 
 his office, his son was dragged down stairs by his hair, 
 and he himself sent prisoner to the Seven Towers for two 
 months. He is now released, but deposed from office, and 
 kept as a hostage for a messenger the Vizier is sending to 
 the King of France, to know whether he will have peace or 
 war. 
 
 The resident or Bailo of Venice, Balarino, is a man of 
 excellent report, and has shown me many civilities, but he 
 is " in the nature of a prisoner." 
 
 The Emperor's resident, who was the first to send to salute 
 me on my arrival, " is so unfortunat as to have a druggerman 
 whom hee knowes to bee false to him and a spye to all 
 Christendome and yet dares not remove him because of his 
 interest and familiarity with the Vizier, by whom he is 
 imposed." 
 
 There is also a Dutch resident, who has complimented 
 me in the usual manner. Letter Book, p. 44. 3 pp. 
 
 Enclosing : 
 
 A Relation of Lord Winchilsea's passage from Smyrna 
 to Constantinople, and his audiences there. Ibid. p. 47. 
 7 pp. {Printed. London, 1661.] 
 
 Copies also sent to Sir E. Nicholas, Sir Heneage Finch, 
 and the Turkey Company. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIB EDWARD NICHOLAS. 
 
 1660-1, March 1. Pera. Desiring to have a bed and an 
 official seal, as Sir Thos. Bendyshe informs him has been usual 
 with former ambassadors. Letter Book, p. 56. p. [Original 
 in 8. P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE SAME to his cousin, SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1660-1, March 1. Pera. I have by several letters told 
 you of my voyage and the state of my body and fortune, 
 " for you who are so much myself e, my familiar and intimate 
 to all my secrets, ought not to bee a stranger to my concernments, 
 on whose councell and fidelity I must repose my greatest 
 Wt. 29495. FI 7
 
 98 
 
 trust for the management of my affaires at home, and walke 
 partly likewise by your rules in the government of my f orraigne 
 negotiations here." [Refers him to his " Narrative " for 
 what has happened since he wrote last, and repeats what he 
 has said to his friends in the Company (see letter to N. Penning, 
 p. 94 above) concerning his claim to an increase of salary.] 
 I hear they intend to add 2,000 dollars, which is above 5001. 
 sterling, though I desire you to insist on more, if feasible, as I was 
 promised 4,000 by Sir William Vincent and others. If you 
 will discover how they are inclined, and the best way to have 
 my desires moved hi the public court, I am confident they 
 cannot refuse to increase my allowance. None is like to 
 prove a more powerful friend to me than Mr. John Buckworth, 
 who is one of the greatest adventurers in these parts, and in 
 whom I have great confidence, by reason of his secret good 
 offices to me before I was acquainted with him. 
 
 If Sir Thos. Bendyshe applies to you, be civil to him, for 
 his own sake and mine, as he has been extraordinary obliging 
 to me. " Hee is a person who, though hee may have some 
 blemishes and clouds cast upon him, yet I have reason to 
 beleive he hath binne allwaies faithfull to the King's interest, 
 and is so confident his innocence will carry him above all 
 accusations that he desires nothing more then by a legall 
 tryall to vindicate his honour." I am so sure you will reserve 
 your ancient kindness for me in my absence, that I do not 
 fear to trouble you, even amidst your most serious and weighty 
 employments. Letter Book, p. 57. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EAKL OF WINCHILSEA to THE QUEEN [HENRIETTA MARIA]. 
 
 1660-1, March 2. Pera. Regretting that his hurried 
 departure from England had deprived him of the blessing 
 of kissing her Majesty's hand and congratulating her safe 
 arrival. Hopes that she is now safely returned to France 
 " to the celebration of the happy marriage of the incomparable 
 princess " [Henrietta], whose prosperity and glory he shall 
 ever desire ; and prays that her Majesty's own joys may be 
 consummated in the greatness and happiness of her royal 
 issue. Ibid. p. 60. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE EARL OF ST. ALBANS. 
 1660-1, March 2. Hopes that their friendship may be 
 continued by a correspondence, in which the distance of his 
 own station, with its " difference of custom and humours " 
 may enable him to afford his lordship something of novelty 
 and divertisement, while in return he will receive from his 
 lordship news all the more welcome from his affection to his 
 own king and country. Sends by Mr. Hedges the relation 
 of what he has met with in Turkey, in which, though he finds 
 not the " ceremonies and quaintness of the French Court " 
 yet he will perceive " there is a barbaritie refined, and the
 
 99 
 
 rudenesse of this people mixed with art, and the pride of the 
 Ottoman Emperors surpassing any greatnes or ostentation 
 of our Christian princes." Letter Book, p. 60. J p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE QUEEN OF PORTUGAL. 
 
 1660-1, March 2. Pera. Assuring her Majesty that his 
 gratitude for her favours is so great that his desire to engage 
 himself for the good of Portugal is only second to his care for 
 his Master's service. To show that he has not forgotten her 
 orders, he sends the bearer, Mr. Anthony Bokenham, to 
 tell her how things go where he is now. Ibid. p. 62. 
 Spanish. p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE CONDE DE ODEMIRA. 
 
 1660-1, March 2. Announcing his arrival at Constantinople 
 after passing through many and great dangers, and assuring 
 him of his desire to further the cause of Portugal. Ibid, 
 p. 62. Latin. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD CHANCELLOR [CLARENDON]. 
 
 1660-1, March 2. Pera. My business here, next to the 
 honour and interest of my Master, is the protection of the 
 merchants, in which I am glad to have so good a patron as 
 your lordship, for if the reports be true of the strict league 
 of friendship between England and Portugal, and " those 
 townes of so much importance [Bombay and Tangier] to 
 bee resigned into the hands of his Majestic, such a doore will 
 be opened to all trade as will make England againe to bee 
 nombred amongst the most flourishing kingdomes of Christen- 
 dome," in which happy result I believe your lordship has been 
 a chief instrument, and return you a thousand thanks, on 
 the merchants' behalf, for your care and vigilance. Ibid, 
 p. 54. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE KING. 
 
 1660-1, March 3-13. Pera. Stating that no public 
 minister at the Porte has the like esteem with himself ; " the 
 Vizier hardly knowing there is a Dutch resident, the French 
 ambassador being daily affronted and disgraced, the 
 Emperor's resident under a suspicion, and the Bailo of Venice 
 under a confinement at his own house "; so that his Majesties 
 interest " is only that which is courted and considerable." 
 Ibid. p. 41. 2 pp. [The original letter is in S.P. Turkey, 
 under date.] 
 
 THE SAME to THE DUKE OF YORK. 
 
 1660-1, March 3-13. Pera. Thanking his Highness for 
 granting him safe conduct by the Plymouth, and hoping that 
 by the care of so discreet and able a commander as Capt. 
 Allen has shown himself to be, she will return with all speed 
 and safety. Ibid. p. 43. i p.
 
 100 
 
 CONSUL BAKER to THE EARL OF WINOHILSEA. 
 1660[-1], March 4. Smyrna. The factors who used to 
 receive private intelligence from the druggermen have signed 
 a paper on their behalf, but Mr. Taylor, the Treasurer 
 [Walter Coventry] and the most judicious merchants will 
 have no hand hi it. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS. 
 
 1660-1, March [4]. Pera. A long letter concerning his 
 treatment at Algier, reception at Constantinople &c. 
 Letter Book, p. 54. 2 pp. [The original is in S.P. Turkey, 
 under the above date. This copy is dated March 1.] 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1660-1, March 5. Pera. Letter of recommendation for 
 Sir Thomas Bendyshe. Ibid. p. 59. p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1660-1, March 5. Some years past, the commander of the 
 Goodwill (Stephen Michell) agreed to transport certain 
 Mahometans from Tunis to Smyrna, but soon after, meeting 
 with some Malta gallies, without the least opposition delivered 
 the men into the hands of their enemies. Those of Tunis 
 immediately seized the goods and estates of Mr. Henry Bowyer 
 and Co., London merchants, who have yet no redress, and 
 Sir Thomas Bendyshe desires that a warrant should be 
 granted to the English consul at Tunis, to make a moderate 
 levy on English goods, and so to satisfy them. Has the 
 King's letters authorising him to do what is consonant to 
 justice in the business, but fearing unknown difficulties, prays 
 his " oracle " to counsel him. 
 
 Postscript. Thinks it might be beneficial for Bendyshe to 
 go to Grand Cairo, but having heard some of the Turkey 
 Company complain of the great charges of the business there, 
 forbears to act until he knows how grateful it may be to the 
 Company, and how lawful to erect a new factory. Ibid, 
 p. 59. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD TREASURER [SOUTHAMPTON]. 
 
 1660-1, March 6. Recommending to him Sir T. Bendyshe's 
 desire to be agent at Cairo, and asking him to consult 
 Sir Heneage Finch in the matter. Ibid. % p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE GRAND DUKE OF TUSCANY. 
 
 1660-1, March 6. Recommending Mr. Anthony Bokenham, 
 and praying that when he passes through his Highness's territory 
 he may be spared delays from quarantine &c., in order that 
 he may as quickly as possible pursue his journey towards 
 England. Ibid, p* 61, Italian. % p.
 
 101 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSBA to SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS. 
 
 1660-1, March 6. Pera. Stating, that in consequence of 
 his importunities, the Grand Vizier has promised to stay the 
 messengers from Algier (when they come to offer their yearly 
 presents and homage) until the " ancient capitulations with 
 England are confirmed and Lord O'Brien is released." 
 
 Sir Thos. Bendyshe wishes to be made agent at Grand Cairo, 
 where he has a son engaged in the trade and believes he could 
 erect a factory with very good results. Letter Book, p. 57. 
 \ p, [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to THE EARL OP WINCHTLSEA. 
 
 1660-1, March 14. Whitehall. I have received several of 
 your lordship's letters, from Lisboa, Algiers, Messina and 
 Smyrna, but could not tell where one from me might find 
 you. I hope that ere this you are safely arrived in 
 Constantinople. 
 
 " Both his Majesty and the Lords did very well approve of 
 your good endeavours at Algiers, but rest very unsatisfyed 
 with the Governours peremptory resolution of searching all 
 English ships ; and though his Majesty doe with good reason 
 expect at least as good termes as the late Usurper had from 
 them, yet he will not at present expresse it, but will take a 
 fitter opportunity." 
 
 I doubt not but you have heard some part of what has 
 occurred here since your departure. " The Phanatiks had 
 layd a generall Plott all over the kingdome, and actually 
 broke forth in this Citty into some weake attempts to embroyle 
 affaires ; but by the unanimous vigilance and activity of the 
 whole Nation haveing been frustrated, they and others (who 
 want not malice enough) are discouraged, wee hope, from any 
 further designes, and wee at present (thankes be to God) 
 enjoy a perfect quiett ; for the better preservation whereof, 
 his Majesty hath caused a Proclamation to be published, 
 forbidding all private meetings and assemblyes of the 
 Phanaticks and Sectaryes. The fro ward humour of the 
 Quakers not complying with this Order, and obstinately 
 refuseing to take the Oath of Allegiance, hath filled all the 
 prisons in citty and country with that sect of men. It pleased 
 God to deprive us of the Princesse Royall of Orange the 24th of 
 December last, who dyed of the meazles. The sad affliction 
 that loss brought upon this Court was one reason that the 
 Queen and the Princesse Henriette returned presently after 
 for France, being attended by the Earle of St. Albans 
 whom his Majesty dispatched thither as his Ambassador 
 Extr[aordina]ry. By the inclosed copy of the Ordinance 
 of both Houses of Parliament you will perceive how wonder- 
 fully justice did at last overtake that execrable Tray tor, 
 and some of his archest complices. It was punctually 
 executed on the 30th of January last, which day was by
 
 102 
 
 Act of Parliament observed as an Anniversary solemne fast 
 and humiliation for the horrid murder of his late Majesty. 
 That which at present makes the greatest part of our enter- 
 tainment here is the great preparation which is every where 
 makeing for his Majesty's Coronation, proclaimed to be the 
 23rd of April next being St. George's day. Presently after, 
 viz. the 8th of May following, a Parliament is summoned 
 to meet at Westminster, and another on the same day in 
 Ireland. That hi Scotland your Lordship may remember 
 was called before your departure hence, and hath in all its 
 proceedings acted very much to his Majesty's interest and 
 satisfaction ; being now upon the tryall of the Marquis of 
 Argile and his comerades. The Cardinall in France is lately 
 dead, which is expected will produce a great change in their 
 affaires, and no prejudice to his Majestys. The Treaty with 
 Denmarke was concluded and signed some weeks agoe, and 
 the Danish Ambassador is thereupon returned home to his 
 Master. That with the States, as also those with Spaine 
 and Portugall, proceed but slowly. Prince Maurice of Nassau 
 arrived here lately as Ambassador Extr[aordina]ry from the 
 Elector of Brandenburg ; and one is expected dayly from 
 the Grand Duke of Florence . . . ." 
 
 Postscript in Nicholas' own hand. " The Lord Dungarvan, 
 eldest sonne of the Earle of Corke, is to marry the Lady 
 Jane Seamore. The Lady Marchiones of Winchester dyed 
 Sunday last of a consumpcion. 
 
 "My most humble service to your Lordship's noble Lady." 
 Signed. 2 pp. 
 
 ANTHONY BOKENHAM to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, March 14. Smyrna. Gives an account of his voyage 
 from Constantinople. The morning after their arrival, the 
 Consul and nation came to wait upon Sir Thos. Bendyshe 
 to the shore, where he was " received with all handsomenes 
 at the Consulls house." His resolution to lodge at his 
 daughter's house (in compliance with her " passionate 
 importunity ") gave some discontent to the Consul. Finds 
 " so much of that divell jelousy and suspicion amongst them 
 here " (having already occasioned the cashierment of two 
 of the dragomen, to the great disservice of the nation, as 
 they tell him) that if his lordship does not interpose, " they 
 will post to irreconcileable dissentions and distractions," 
 which will give both him and themselves a standing trouble. 
 The general opinion is that Mr White is injured, " though 
 they allow not his liberty of speech if directed against the 
 Consul, which Mr. White solemnly vowes it was not, . . . 
 but where there wants an accommodating temper, all passages 
 will be liable to distrusts." To himself, both Consul and 
 factory have been very kind, voting him 250 dollars towards 
 the expences of his voyage. 1| p.
 
 103 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENEAGB FINCH. 
 
 1660-1, March 24. Pera. . . . "Not any ambassador 
 hath binne more frugall than I have binne since my arrivall 
 here, nor any ever received with that honour ; but yet all 
 provisions are at present treble the price, which, together 
 with the furniture of this house and that in the country (which 
 hi moveables and horses alone, amounts to 2,800 crowns at 
 a very low rate) then a sable vest and some other furres which 
 I was necessitated to buy, hath putt me in debt here nigh 
 1,000 pound English ; but whenever I shall leave this place, 
 those very things will bring mee in as much, within one or 
 two hundred pounds. Sir Thos. Bendyshe and all my 
 predecessors did runne much more in debt at first." I doubt 
 not but to pay it out of my savings the first year, for I intend 
 in three or four days to go into the country for the summer 
 (to study my health, which is somewhat impaired by the 
 tedious whiter voyage) where I shall save almost half the 
 expense I have here. It is but fifteen miles off, and when 
 I have business here, it is but coining hither the night before. 
 " I am exceedingly caressed by all the publicke ministers, 
 especially by the Venetian Ambassador and the German 
 resident." 
 
 I gave Sir Edward Nicholas notice last week of the proba- 
 bility of a war speedily between the Grand Signer and the 
 Emperor, which might bring about a peace with Venice, 
 and desired him to consider that I had no allowance for 
 intelligence or messengers to England in case of suddenly 
 needing advice how to carry myself here. My Master's 
 interest is the only one considerable, and in case of any treaty, 
 he will certainly be the arbitrator, and I would have as good 
 tools furnished me to work with as is usual in such cases. 
 Also, I have no credit for money on the King's account, 
 " no, not to pay the carriage of a letter. I doe not propound 
 to the Secretary of State to have any, but only to consider 
 whether it bee my Master's interest or no to leave me here 
 so bare of money and intelligences, and withall not to expect 
 that I can make bricks without straw ... In the meane 
 tyme I shall have my eyes open, and diligently watch all 
 opportunities." I pray you acquaint my Lord Treasurer 
 and my Lord Chief Justice, Sir Orlando Bridgman, with this, 
 that they may help to forward my Master's interest with all 
 speed, lest opportunities be lost. Letter Book, p. 65. 1| p. 
 
 CAPT. ROBERT HUDSON to THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, March 24. Smyrna. Complains that the Turks 
 (of whom he had 500 on board) insisted on his going into the nar- 
 row harbour of Canea, where, the water being shallow, they ran 
 upon their anchor and made a leak which was with much 
 difficulty stopped by divers, all their bread, powder &c., 
 being spoiled. Prays his Excellency to try to obtain some
 
 104 
 
 satisfaction from the Grand Signer, especially as they had not 
 received one stiver from him, " which, in all such services 
 hath formerly been a custom. Canea is strongly walled, and 
 " moated with a dry graft," yet both Turks and Christians 
 say that if the Venetians had staid but three hours before 
 it in September last, they had been masters of it ; but they 
 only took some cattle and provisions from the Greeks, and 
 retreated. They have a stronghold on each side of Canea, 
 and the Greeks, " daily revolting from the Turkes, doe keep 
 what provision possibel they can from the towne, so that 
 everything eatable is doubel the price was ever knowen, and 
 the Turkes in great feare, the Christians in hope, of a great 
 fleete, both of French and Spanish to come this summer." 
 
 Arrived at Smyrna on the 17th inst., where he means to 
 careen his ship, and then go for England. 1 p. Seal 
 of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to MARTIN, his STEWARD. 
 
 1661, March 25. Desires to know what moneys he has 
 received, and what burden of the debts is eased by them. 
 Would have him consider whether it were fit to sell part or 
 all the estates in Yorkshire, towards satisfaction of debts and 
 purchase of lands in Kent, so as to contract the chief of his 
 estate in one county, but this is not to be done unless the 
 Yorkshire lands can be sold to advantage and a good bargain 
 made in Kent. The expenses of settling his family have 
 been great, but he hopes to be clear in a year, after which he 
 will begin to send money for the discharge of his debts in 
 England. . . Letter Book, p. 67. 1. p. 
 
 CAPT. THOS. ALLIN to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, March 29. Smyrna. Has been kept at this place 
 much longer than he expected, first waiting for the Prosperous 
 (a ship of great value), and afterwards for a fair wind. 
 
 The emulations between the consul and the merchants 
 grow very high, and the latter are much annoyed that the 
 consul keeps in his hands a letter from his Excellency to the 
 treasurer and factory, excusing himself by saying that he 
 knows Mr. Barnardiston has a copy. He writes himself 
 " Ricardo Baker, console per sua Maesta della gran Brettagnia, 
 di Scio, Metteline, Smirne &c." whereas other consuls only 
 wrote themselves " console per natione Englose." His 
 Excellency will hear more of this from some of the merchants 
 who are going to Stamboul ; amongst others, " my honest 
 countryman," Mr. White. 
 
 Mr. Edwards has sent on board twelve pots of sherbet, 
 which shall be presented to his Majesty, as desired, with his 
 Excellency's tenderest affection and service. 1 p. Seal 
 of arms.
 
 105 
 
 ANTHONY BOKENHAM to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, March 29. Smyrna. Is still waiting for a fair wind. 
 It is whispered amongst the Flemings, " who speak perhaps 
 what they would have," that his Majesty is assassinated, 
 but the story is considered groundless. 
 
 Things in the factory are at that pass that if the druggermen 
 are re-admitted, the Consul will quit his station. He rejects 
 all offers of mediation, resolving, as he says, "to be a consul 
 or no consul." If he appeals to the Company, it will spare 
 his Excellency trouble, but will make those irreconcileable 
 who now desire a fair understanding. 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 CONSUL BAKER to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, March 31. Smyrna. Finds himself much " discon- 
 sulated " by his Excellency's letter, having hoped for 
 encouragement and support. Gives at length his grievances 
 against the factors, and declares that his only sin has 
 been his obedience to the orders of the Company. 
 
 As to the claim of the factors that the druggermen are 
 not under the consul's orders, when the treasurer once said 
 as much to Sir Thomas Bendyshe, " Sir Thomas told them 
 that he was the Company's officer, but that those were his, 
 and that he would place and displace who he pleased," since 
 when the factory has not meddled with the druggermen 
 until now. 
 
 " How can it be expected that either your Excellency or 
 myself shall do anything without we have faithfull men 
 about us " whom we can trust. Sir Thomas Bendyshe embarked 
 on the 29th. I served him as was my obligation to an 
 ambassador. 3J pp, 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD ST. ALBANS, 
 Ambassador at Paris. 
 
 1661, April 1. Pera. Some months since (as I believe 
 your lordship is informed) the French ambassador, magnifying 
 to the Vizier the greatness of his master, and threatening 
 revenge for the injuries his subjects had sustained, the 
 Turks, who cannot suffer anything that savours of a threat, 
 struck his son in the face, dragged him by the hair of his 
 head out of the Vizier's palace and committed the 
 ambassador to the Seven Towers, where he was kept two 
 months. Since his release, no audiences or addresses from 
 him being accepted by the Vizier, the French are left without 
 protection, which indignity to a public minister, in violation 
 of the sacredness of his office and against all the laws of 
 reason and nations, must needs be so highly resented by his 
 Christian Majesty as not to be reconciled without greater 
 satisfaction than Turkish obstinacy is likely to condescend to, 
 besides which, the Vizier's expressions used of the ambassador 
 and his nation plainly manifest his hatred of the French, and 
 how little he values a friendship with them.
 
 106 
 
 Since then there may be war between France and the Turk, 
 and that trade must be continued, it would be for the honour 
 of our master if the French who traffic here should come under 
 the protection of the English ambassador, and I think you 
 would do his Majesty a service if you procured an order from 
 the French King to his subjects to use only this protection 
 if their own ambassador is recalled, for there is no one here 
 so powerful to defend them as myself. The German resident 
 is in disgust by reason a war is likely to ensue between the 
 Emperor and the Grand Signer ; for Chimianus having taken 
 upon himself the government of Transylvania without the 
 Grand Signer's consent, the latter has refused to send him his 
 standard unless he sends his son a hostage or comes himself 
 to receive the honour, which he denies to do. The Grand 
 Vizier is resolved to make war upon Transylvania, and as 
 the Emperor is supposed to abet Chimianus, the Vizier is 
 jealous of him and the common rumour is of a war with 
 Germany. I have, besides, heard talk from the German 
 resident to the same effect. The French and German 
 ministers being withdrawn, there remains only the Holland 
 agent, a man so inconsiderable that the Vizier scarce knows 
 there is such a person, therefore it would be an indignity to 
 his Majesty and to myself if the French should prefer one 
 before me " who can in no manner stand hi the least com- 
 petition with me." I believe your lordship hath that kindness 
 for me, that did this business relate only to myself I should 
 not want your assistance, but since his Majesty's honour is 
 concerned " I know you will be passionate and violent." 
 Letter Book, p. 68. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, April 1. Pera. Has intimated to Lord St. Albans 
 that war between France and the Turk is probable, in which 
 case the French ambassador being recalled, the nation would 
 need protection, and could not be better secured than under 
 the English flag. Has therefore desired his lordship to procure 
 an order from the French King to that effect. Ibid. p. 70. 
 | p. [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE SAME to JOHN LANCE, at Marseilles. 
 1661, April 1 . On the same subject as the preceding. Praying 
 him to further the matter at Marseilles. Ibid. p. 70. p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 1661, April 2. Aleppo. Our Emyn [customer, superin- 
 tendent of the customs] now going to Constantinople is the 
 person who demanded duty upon moneys and silk contrary 
 to our Hatsheriffe [licence from the Sultan J, and forced 
 us to give him 2,500 dollars before we could despatch our 
 ships then in port. He has been tampering with our Bassa
 
 107 
 
 and Cadi to have Arrs [certificate] that we paid no 
 such duty, and will no doubt try, at Constantinople, to 
 put trouble upon us. We therefore pray you to let your 
 druggerman have an eye upon his actions at Court, that if 
 he attempts anything, your wisdom may prevent him. 
 
 The Fathers at Basora write that the Hollanders have taken 
 from the Portugalls a considerable fort in India called Inkker ; 
 also that Mr. Samwayes, who was appointed agent in Persia, 
 is dead. 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 ARNOLD WHITE and ARTHUR BARNARDISTON to THE 
 EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, April 2. Smyrna. Rejoicing that he has supported 
 them against the consul " hi the bargain of potashes " and 
 assuring him that they will follow his admonition to show 
 due respect to the said consul " so long as he doth act for the 
 Company's interest," but declaring that he has tried to divide 
 the interests of the Company and the factory, and has inflicted 
 no small grievance upon them by turning away the chief 
 druggerman, and putting in his place " a Jew, branded with an 
 infamous name " and unacquainted with the English tongue. 
 2 pp. 
 
 THE FACTORS OP SMYRNA to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, April 3. Smyrna. To the same effect as the above. 
 Signed by 31 merchants. 2 pp. Endorsed, "The factory of 
 Smirna, being the Major part." 
 
 CONSUL BAKER to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, April 4. Smyrna. Complaining of the ill-conduct 
 and opprobrious language of some of the factory, who come 
 in herds to his house, protesting against his carrying out the 
 orders he receives (concerning consulage) and declaring that 
 other consuls have had the like orders but have not executed 
 them. 
 
 Cardinal Mazarin is dead ; the Portuguese match at a stand. 
 'Tis said the Earl of Bristol is gone to Flanders about a marriage 
 with the Principe de Limo, and that the King of France will 
 not permit his brother to marry with our princess. Madan 
 Massella [qy. Mademoiselle] of Orleans* going to Leghorn to 
 marry with the Duke of Tuscany 's son. 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, April 4. Since sealing my letter, I have received your 
 Excellency's, and " cannott butt stand amazed to understand 
 that any body, much more that many, should affirme that I 
 should mis-call Mr. Pent low . . . for never was I guilty 
 in my life to use any scurrilous language, even to the meanest 
 
 * The lady meant is the Princess Marguerite Louise of Orleans.
 
 108 
 
 of men, much less to a merchant in publique court. Lord God, 
 amouneste what people do I live ! What will they nott 
 attempt, write or doe to accomplish their endes ! " My lord, 
 on the faith of a Christian, this is a true account of the matter. 
 In a court where the factors were desired " to swear to their 
 entries," Mr. Pentlow declared no one would swear without 
 a consideration, to which I replied that such as swore for 
 money " were knights of the post, and were to be found in 
 St. Pawles," and that such oaths were void in law. Three 
 weeks later, upon a proposal to make an advance to pay the 
 treasurer's bills, Pentlow refused to lend anything, and declared 
 that it was not he that was a knight of the post, and that I 
 had lately come from Pawle's myself. To avoid " scandal 
 and ill-example to youth " I have warned him not to come to 
 my house, " except it were for his devotion and justice," and 
 he still stands exiled from it. 1J p. 
 
 WALTER COVENTRY, Treasurer at Smyrna, to THE 
 EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, April 4. Smyrna. Defending the conduct of the 
 consul, and complaining of his opponents, who " would rather 
 make a faction than compose the breach." The druggermen 
 were not positively dismissed by the consul, but declared 
 they could not live upon their salary, and behaved so scorn- 
 fully to him, that if re-admitted, he " would finde worser service 
 from them then before." The malice of the factors to the 
 consul " is grounded upon no other score but his . . . performing 
 his obligations with the Levant Company, to prevent the 
 defrauding them theire dutyes. . . . Some of this factory 
 have had severall meetings, the permission of which was the 
 beginning of our late unhappy tymes in England, and will 
 here tend to a further rupture . . . unlesse your lordship 
 will put a period to theire faction, leaveing the choice of the 
 druggermen to the consul." 1| p. 
 
 SAM PENTLOW and JOHN FOLEY to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, April 4. Smyrna. The enclosed for your Excellency 
 has come in a French ship from Livorno. We presume it is 
 from Tunis, " whence Consul Byley and the Aleppo merchants 
 with him were, God be praysed, safely arrived at Livorno, 
 [having] obtayned their liberty by the extraordinary greate 
 endeavours of Consull Thos. Browne," after being detained 
 and sorely threatened to be made slaves. 
 
 The people of Algier begin anew their insolency, having taken 
 an English vessel, the Rainbow, out of which they took all 
 strangers' and some English goods. This is of great perplexity 
 to our nation, both in Italy and England. 
 
 It is said the Maltese have surprised a rich Tunis ship with 
 80 passengers, bound hither or to the Porte, which is pleasing, 
 if it prove true.
 
 109 
 
 We should be glad to see our consul conform himself to 
 your order and not endeavour to infringe our privileges. The 
 greatest part of the factory have prayed him to restore " Signer 
 George " to his place of druggerman, which would prevent 
 greater animosities. We should gladly see former differences 
 composed, and a right understanding henceforward between 
 him and the nation, such as his predecessor delighted in. f p. 
 
 JOSEPH EDWARDS to THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, April 5. Smyrna. The major part of the factory 
 have subscribed an answer to your Excellency. " I have 
 firmed amongst the rest, to swimm with the stream, and 
 stand upp for our priviledges, but if I might have obtained my 
 desire, truth had bene sett off hi soe moderate a dress as should 
 not have tended to exasperation .... I hope you will 
 prove soe succesfull a moderator as to stifle this smoake before 
 it break out into a flame." 
 
 April 6. " The consul hath re-entertained the chief 
 druggerman upon submission, which I hope will be a meanes 
 to continue an admirable correspondence for the future between 
 him and the nation." 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 Also letter from Arnold White, dated April 6, concerning 
 the re-instatement of Georgio Homero, the druggerman. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to his brother[-in-law, NICHOLAS] 
 
 TOKE. 
 
 1661, April 6-16. Pera. Owing to his great expenses, his 
 commissioners must not expect any moneys the first year, 
 but afterwards they will (by God's grace) have occasion both 
 to commend his frugality and rejoice at his coming hither. 
 
 Touching his park, he wishes the planting of trees to be 
 carried on, and especially that some white thorn be sown or 
 planted in the triangle wood to harbour birds. Wishes to 
 hear how his estate in Sussex is let, and what improvement 
 he may expect in that at Maidstone. For the rest of his estate 
 in Kent he can expect little improvement, but wishes they 
 could let four or five hundred acres of his woodlands to able 
 farmers to convert into arable and pasture, for besides the 
 improvement this would bring, it would raise about 1,000/. 
 towards payment of the debts. 
 
 Desires a general survey to be made of his quit-rents, &c., 
 and for the rest, prays his commissioners to do with his estate 
 as with their own. 
 
 Wishes the estate in Yorkshire could be sold to advantage, 
 and with the approbation of Capt. Hulse (who understands 
 it better than any friend he has). Does not want to be too 
 hasty, but would rather lose 100J. a year " and have the rest 
 in Kent and Sussex than continue the trouble of that northern 
 estate." Sir Thos. Dike has offered him a farm in Sussex, 
 which he will take if it can be got on good terms. Though 
 now at so great distance, his heart is still in Kent. Letter 
 Book, p. 75. 1 p.
 
 110 
 
 THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA to SIR EDWARD DERING. 
 
 1661, April 6-16. Pera. Your letter is the only one I 
 have received out of England since I left it, and I am forced 
 to be obliged for my news from thence to Italians and 
 foreigners. There is like to be a war here between the " Emperor 
 of Germany " and the Grand Signer, and between the latter 
 and France. I am now in effect the only ambassador here, 
 and in the case of these wars there would remain only the 
 Holland agent besides myself, which will be both to my 
 master's advantage and my own. 
 
 " I presented the Grand Signor four greate mastifs, one of 
 which hath killed a lyon before the Grand Signor, though 
 the dog was much wounded. Another of them last weeke 
 did the like to a beare, which hath caused great admiration 
 in the Turks. . . . The Vizier hath given me three English 
 slaves out of the Grand Signer's galleys, and hath promised 
 me as much favour in the renewing the capittulations as 
 I can wish." Letter Boole, p. 76. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to DR. WEDDERBOURNE. 
 
 1661, April 6-16. Pera." Though I am at this greate 
 distance from you that before I can expect an answer, wee 
 may bee in another world, yet we must not want hopes of 
 often returnes, and of meeting againe in England ; though 
 I confesse, were it not for the Duchesse of Sommersett, my 
 Lord Treasurer and some few other freinds of myne, I should 
 seldome thinke of England, unlesse it were of my master, 
 (whom God preserve), . . . for I have received deep 
 wounds there, in the losse of the Duke of Gloucester, who was 
 one of my chief est patrones, then that of the Duke of 
 Sommerset, who was a reall father to mee. I might reckon 
 up my Lord Finch allso. [Gives an account of the injury 
 done to his health by his sufferings at sea, and by being obliged 
 to go to his public audience when he was in a fever and had 
 an " imposthume " behind his ear. By dieting himself 
 sparingly and staying in country air, he is now almost well.] 
 " My wife hath bin in as good health here as ever she was in 
 England ; however we shall bee very glad of your advice 
 touching both our healths, especially for those diseases which 
 are most subject to this countrey, as malignant feavers, fluxes, 
 and to prevent the infection of the plague. Pray send me 
 by the first ship that comes a greate deale of barley, for barley 
 water, some syrups of mulberries, gilli-flowers, violetts, some 
 conserves of barberries, rasberries and slowes." Present, 
 I pray you, my duty to my lady Duchess, and my humble 
 duty to the Duke of York. Ibid. p. 77. 1| p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE KING. 
 
 1661, April 10-20. Pera. Has never failed to inform 
 his Majesty of anything worthy his knowledge, but has the
 
 Ill 
 
 misfortune to be still without advices, so that he is forced 
 to pick up his intelligence from others. 
 
 Grieves to find still " treason and rebellion boiling in theire 
 stomackes who but lately dranke so deepe " of his Majesty's 
 clemency ; which he imputes to the sparing of those who 
 were the cherishers of former and encouragers of future 
 rebellion, but hopes they have long since tasted of his Majesty's 
 justice and severity. 
 
 Has redeemed three of the English slaves hi the Grand 
 Signer's " Bania," and hopes to obtain the other three with 
 the expence of a little money. Letter Book, p. 78. 1 p. 
 [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1661, April 10. Pera. Gives him a brief account of the 
 letters, " being a mixture of business and compliment," which 
 he is sending at this time [i.e. the letters calendared below]. 
 Sir Edward Nicholas " being so backward, if not neglectful " 
 in writing, he has now written to Sir William Morice. 
 
 Prays him to deliver all the letters with his own hands, 
 and to endeavour to get him an allowance for intelligence, 
 as he cannot in reason place the expence of messengers (in 
 matters of State affairs), to the Levant Company's account, 
 and if he receives no allowance from his Majesty, is " little 
 better in effect than a grand factor for the merchants " and 
 he believes the first ambassador so restrained. When the 
 Earl of Denbigh (then but Viscount Feilding) was at Venice, with 
 the same title, " the King gave him merely for the title's 
 sake, five or six hundred pounds yearlie extraordinarie." 
 Does not beg the like kindness from his Majesty (well knowing 
 that as yet his coffers are not very full) but modestly expects 
 some consideration for those who are any ways instrumental in 
 his affairs. In case of a breach with the Emperor and with 
 France, there will be overtures of peace from Venice, and 
 his Majesty is most likely to be umpire, and may have gratis 
 more interest than the French kings have spent freely to 
 compass. 
 
 In this Porte little or nothing is to be done without money, 
 but with it, he hopes to be able to do as much as any other 
 ambassador. 
 
 The French ambassador has been sick, and alleges that 
 as the reason for not paying him a visit ; the Venetian bailo 
 would come but cannot, being confined to his house, but has 
 sent many compliments. Has received a visit from the 
 German resident and has returned it. Is desirous to send his 
 secretary to the King to beg the honour of the Garter, the 
 bestowal of which would be greatly to his Majesty's interest, 
 as causing foreign princes to put the greater confidence in 
 his ambassador ; but wishes if possible to have his cousin's 
 advice before despatching his secretary. Ibid. p. 79. 2 pp.
 
 112 
 
 THE EARL or WINOHILSEA to THE MARQUIS OF ORMOND, 
 Lord Steward. 
 
 1661, April 10. Pera. Excusing his silence on the ground 
 of much business and ill health, thanking his lordship for 
 his courteous offers of friendship when he was in England, 
 and begging the continuance of his favours. Letter Book, p. 81. 
 I p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR PHILIP WARWICK. 
 
 1661, April 10. The want of intelligence from England has 
 put me upon enquiry after a correspondent in whom I may 
 safely trust, and knowing there is none I can more freely 
 desire that kindness from than yourself, makes me not doubt 
 that in your leisure hours you will give me an account of such 
 occurrences as are worthy my notice ; in lieu of which I promise 
 you a reciprocal correspondence. I pray you present my 
 affectionate service to my Lord Treasurer and my sister, and 
 assure him that I never intended or expected him to put 
 himself to the trouble of answering my letters, only I beg him 
 to give me his advice by your pen. Ibid. p. 82. f p. 
 
 THE SAME to the Secretary, SIR WILLIAM MORICE. 
 
 1661, April 10. Apologises from not writing earlier, but knows 
 that he has shared Sir Edw. Nicholas's letters. Complains 
 of lack of letters from England, or from the public ministers 
 abroad to whom he has written. Gives intelligence concerning 
 the ambassadors and agents at the Porte and the prospect of 
 war [as in letters above] and urges his need of money for 
 intelligence, &c. In case of urgent affairs he must send a 
 messenger, as all or most of his letters are opened in Italy. 
 Prays that the enclosed may be given to the Duke of Albemarle. 
 Ibid. p. S3. 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE DUKE OF ALBEMARLE. 
 
 1661, April 10. Hears with no small contentment of his Grace's 
 fame and glory, who having been so good an instrument hi 
 restoring happiness and peace, now continues to preserve it, 
 as was shown by his wisdom and vigilance hi the suppression 
 of the late mutiny in London. 
 
 Sends, for the entertainment of his Grace's leisure hours, 
 some particulars of affairs in Turkey the long continued 
 power of the Vizier, the Turks' strength by land and sea, 
 and the present designs by and against them. Offers these 
 particulars as a testimony of his respect to his Grace, who was 
 the first general he ever served under. Ibid. p. 84. 3 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD CHANCELLOR HYDE. 
 1661, April 15. Pera. Congratulating him on the great 
 honour befallen him in the marriage of his daughter to the
 
 113 
 
 Duke of York, and of the birth of a son to his Highness by the 
 Duchess. Rejoices in this addition of honour and happiness 
 to one who has merited so much of the King and country, 
 and has shown so much favour to himself. Letter Book, p. 87. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR WILLIAM VINCENT. 
 1661, April 15. Thanking him for his constant correspond- 
 ence, this not being a kindness he receives from many of his 
 friends, nor yet from the Levant Company, whom he has " courted 
 with all possible inducements to a correspondence " but in 
 vain. Applauds his vigilance and success in helping to suppress 
 the late rebellion in London, and hopes, if any more such 
 occasions should arise, that his Majesty may have " no less 
 worthy commanders." Ibid. p. 88. | p. 
 
 Some of the FACTORS OP SMYRNA to THE EARL OF 
 
 WlNCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, April 15. Smyrna. Thanking his Excellency for 
 his letter, but entreating him to " recall " that part which 
 concerns the druggermen for further consideration, as they 
 conceive that these officers depend upon the election and 
 approbation of the consul, whose authority would otherwise 
 be most seriously diminished. Signed by Walter Coventry, 
 treasurer, Samuel Taylor, Jasper Clotterbooke, Richard 
 Langley and 13 others. 1| p. Endorsed (by Ricaut), " The 
 lesser part of the Factory." 
 
 FR. EUSEBIO VELLES, Guardian of the Holy Sepulchre, 
 to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, April [16-J26. Jerusalem. In the 350 years during 
 which they have been guardians of the Holy Sepulchre, they 
 have never had such a scandal as has now been caused by 
 two Frenchmen, as is shown by the annexed writing. As 
 these men declare that they are about to go to Constantinople, 
 and there make such a clamour that the guardianship will 
 be taken out of the hands of the Fathers, his Excellency is 
 earnestly implored to protect and defend the said Fathers 
 to the utmost of his power. Italian. 2 pp. 
 
 FRIAR ANTONY PONTANA to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, April [17-]27. Jerusalem. Is forced to return to 
 Rome on urgent affairs belonging to the Holy Land. Believes 
 the reverend Father Gustos will have great need of his lord- 
 ship's assistance at" Constantinople. Two Frenchmen have 
 been at Jerusalem, Charles Duplessis, who proclaims himself 
 a counsellor of the King of France, and Christopher Cadeaw, 
 who says he is that King's secretary's son ; and these two 
 have made great " rumour " " because the fathers doe not 
 name the Kinge of France in their common prayers (which 
 
 Wt. 29496. 8
 
 114 
 
 they use to doe every day in procession) before the Kinge of 
 Spaine, the Emperour, and all other princes ; and because 
 the Gustos would not condescend to his request, findinge the 
 opportunitie of makinge him a Cavalier of the Holy Sepulchre, 
 the Most Reverend Father giveing him the sword o King 
 Godfred, and after would put on the spurre, this man to[ok] 
 the sword and pointed it at the brest of the Rev. Father, 
 and did sweare if he did not publickly name the Kinge of 
 France, that he would kill him there ; with greate diligence 
 he escaped him." The Frenchmen threaten to go to 
 Constantinople, and the Fathers trust to his Excellency's 
 assistance in the matter, which he is earnestly prayed to afford 
 them. 1| pp. 
 
 WALTER COVENTRY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, April 28. Smyrna. Protests against being con- 
 demned without a hearing. States that the delay in giving 
 his Excellency's letter to the factory (of which complaint 
 has been made), was caused by escorting Sir Thos. Bendyshe 
 aboard the Plymouth, where the most part of the nation 
 remained until the Sunday night. On the Monday, the letter 
 was imparted to the factory, when " Mr. Isaacson was pleased 
 to impute it as a great crime that it should be sent about 
 on the first of April," a thing which was entirely accidental. 
 1| PP- 
 
 CONSUL BAKER to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, April 29. Smyrna. I called the nation together, 
 to invite them to my house for the keeping of his Majesty's 
 Coronation, but some said they had engaged to keep it at 
 Bojaw. I urged that we might all be " entire friends " and 
 assured them that if I had done any of them wrong, I was 
 ready to ask forgiveness, reminding them " that it was a 
 shame that other nations should be witnesses of any disagree- 
 ment betwixt us." Your secretary, Mr. Isackson, was present 
 at our Coronation celebration (at our own charge), and it was 
 done in the best manner we could. 
 
 Your Excellency writes that you have sent Mr. Isackson 
 " to close upp the breaches," but, since his arrival, they are 
 trebly augmented, " and I cannot expect otherwise, since 
 I am unhorst and putt on foote ; every prentice boy spirnes 
 me, and other make sport at their victorie." 
 
 As to the man I desire for druggerman, it is not many 
 months since that Mr. Pentlow and others would have brought 
 him in, " averring that in all Turkey there was nott a man 
 to be found more fitt or able for the place." 2 pp. 
 
 RICHARD HARDY to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, April 30. Smyrna. Rejoicing in Mr. Isaacson's 
 arrival, who " hath in two courts soe demeaned and carryed 
 himself e that his patience, care, vigilance and impartiality 
 is much to be applauded." 1 p.
 
 115 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, April 30. Smyrna. I arrived here upon St George's 
 day, and found that the day, in honour of his Majesty's 
 Coronation, was being celebrated by all, some with the Consul 
 at his house, others in the country at Bojaw. I was no sooner 
 arrived at Mr. White's house than the Consul sent two servants 
 to invite me to his table, and urged it so much that, though 
 weary, I could not deny him. He made a very handsome 
 entertainment for the company, and the factors' guns made 
 the whole town to know of that day's Allegrezza. When 
 dinner was done, I retired with the Consul and gave him 
 your letters. He had the discretion not to show his friends 
 any discontent by his looks, but, when the company were 
 gone, he began to open more freely, and to lament, not only 
 his misfortune in being, as he said, misinterpreted by you, 
 but likewise that you should give the victory to his opposers, 
 and so take away his authority. I told him of your reasons 
 for sending me, and of your displeasure against him and the 
 treasurer for their usage of your letter of the 18th of March ; 
 as also that you required a court to be held and your letter 
 there read. He appointed one on the 26th. Then I delivered 
 your letter, " And spared not to make the Court sensible of 
 the treasurer's great neglect therein, which the Consul excuses, 
 and takes uppon himselfe, though I thinke the weight thereof 
 will bee too greate a burthen for his back." 
 
 The next day another Court was held, when the allegations 
 against Ignatio were discussed. The malice against the 
 poor man is very great, but his crimes, I think not so. The 
 whole factory, save four or five, have voted his continuance, 
 and, though the Consul declared he would not own him, my 
 answer was that he should be druggerman until your 
 Excellency's pleasure was known. Thereupon he said he 
 was un-consuled, and that the power of the druggerman being 
 taken from him, he could do the Company no good service, to 
 which I replied that whatever his power was, your Excellency's 
 was greater and you must be obeyed. " Though I cannot but 
 esteeme the Consul very weake, impertinent, indeed much unfitt 
 for that office he bears," yet is he most to be blamed for listening 
 to the treasurer, a choleric, passionate man, instead of being 
 governed by the vote of the Court and advising (as directed in 
 his articles) " with foure of the ancient standers upon the place." 
 
 The Consul tells me that since my coming the breach has 
 been wider, to which I answered that those whose privileges 
 I had (from you) confirmed, were the cheerfuller, but that as 
 for abetting any one against him, my conscience told me 
 that moderation had been my greatest crime. I find the 
 man extremely dejected, and do not advise your Excellency 
 to go to the length of removing him, as I believe he would 
 recover damages of the Company, whereas, if you let him 
 alone, in a few months you will have the Company's resolution 
 about him. 5 pp.
 
 116 
 
 THE FACTORY OF SMYRNA to THE EARL OF WINOHILSEA. 
 
 1661, April 30. Thanking him for his letters, and assuring 
 him of their willingness to submit to his commands. 
 39 signatures. 1| pp. 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, May 2. Whitehall. Your letter from Messina and 
 the earlier one from Algiers came to my hands within a few 
 days of each other. The King approves of your carriage 
 in the treaty with Algiers, but "is much unsatisfyed that 
 those of Algiers should decline to condescend to the Articles 
 they formerly graunted to Cromwell (that horrid Usurper), 
 and apprehends not only the dishonour thereof but the 
 infinite inconvenience it wilbe to the English trade to have 
 their shipps lyable to the serch of every pickerrone." We 
 hear from the merchants that you have had a more honour- 
 able reception than ever any Ambassador from England, at 
 which all your friends are very glad.* 
 
 " The London print will acquaint you with the magnificent 
 solempnities lately here att his Majesties Corronacion, which 
 was performed to the admiracion of all Ambassadors and 
 others that were spectators, and indeed the oldest man and 
 greatest travellers in these partes say they never saw soe great 
 bravery in France, Germany, or any where else. If you 
 shall receave any letters for any consulshipp within your 
 province, I pray let me know of it, and I shall informe his 
 Majesty of your right to appoint all such officers within your 
 province, and then I am confident his Majestic wilbe soe 
 just to your lordshipp as to leave the same to you. There 
 are now a considerable squadron of shippes preparing to goe 
 to sea for severall imployments, and more are dayly making 
 ready. All things here are in great tranquillity, all rich and 
 wise men blessing God that they are soe wonderfully restored 
 throughe God and the King's mercy to their former Gouverne- 
 ment and Govournors. There is now a legall and orderly 
 parliament summoned and the eleccions by the Commons 
 are of the most discreete and best affected persons in all the 
 kingdome ; only the Citty of London made choice of some 
 that formerly had bene very rebelliously inclined, which 
 made all Counties and other Corporations the more carefull 
 to choose good men ; The houses are to sitt on Wensday 
 the 8th of May next, and all men promise this wilbe a happy 
 parliament. My Lord Chancellor is made Earle of Clarendon 
 in Wiltes, there were five other Earles made and six Barons 
 att the Corronacion, as I suppose you have heard from other 
 handes. I heare the Lord Dungarvan is to marry the 
 Lady Jane Seamour, your lordshipps sister-in-law. The 
 
 * The opening paragraph of this letter and the sentence about the 
 consuls are copied into an Irish Entry Book for 1061 (S.P. Ireland, Charles 
 U., Vol. 308, p. 43).
 
 117 
 
 people here grow every day more passionately affected to 
 the King's person and government then other, and all the 
 subtle artefices of the factious presbiters and sectaries cannot 
 make the people either to dislike anything the King doth 
 or to approve of any of ther schismatick wayes : In Irland 
 and Scotland all thinges precede very well, and with great 
 submission to his Majesties will and pleasure in all matters. 
 The parliament in Scotland hath sate ever since December 
 last, and there is one alsoe summoned in Irland where it is to 
 sitt the same day as here in England, viz. : the 8th of this 
 month. The Marquis of Argyle is upon his tryall in Scotland, 
 and soe are some other traytors of that kingdome ; wee shall 
 shortly heare what will become of them, it's beleeved they will 
 receave the just reward of their wicked doinges. There 
 are here in hand Treaties with diverse Princes and States, 
 as with the Ambassadors of Spain, Sweadland, Portugall, 
 the States of the United provinces, &c., but none of these 
 are yet fully concluded, only that with the King of Denmark's 
 Ambassador is finished, and some of the others wilbe shortly 
 perfected. I have this day receaved the King's command 
 for the preparing a graunt of the office of Chancellor of the 
 Exchequer for Sir Antony Ashley Cooper, now Lord Ashley 
 of Wimborne St. Giles. I pray present myne and my wive's 
 humble respects to your noble lady. . . ." Holograph. 
 3pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE EARL OF ST. ALBANS. 
 
 1661, May 3. Pera. Again urging him to obtain the 
 French King's order (in case of there being no French 
 Ambassador at the Porte) that his subjects trading there 
 " weare the English flag and bee secured under the English 
 protection." 
 
 The French Ambassador has now received his " leave for 
 departure," but one Roboli, a merchant, remains in the nature 
 of a consul, " who cannot possibly, in any contingencie 
 whatsoever, continue his office." 
 
 An internuntio is lately arrived from Poland, but is confined 
 to his house and guards set upon him by the Vizier, because 
 the King of Poland refuses to give up Constantine, lately 
 fled into his country. 
 
 The aforesaid King is inclined for war, hoping for the 
 assistance of the Emperor and almost all Christian princes, 
 " so that now both Christians and Turks will respect the 
 English power and interest in this Court, myself being left 
 here the only and sole Christian Ambassador." 
 
 Postscript. Since the writing of this I understand that a 
 French resident will suddenly arrive, therefore I desire your 
 lordship to desist from procuring the command I mentioned, 
 unless you learn that the report is false. Letter Book, p. 88. 
 1 p.
 
 118 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, May 3. Pera. To the same effect as that to 
 Lord St. Albans, above. 
 
 The Grand Signor's affairs do not go on prosperously in Egypt, 
 there being discontents and flames and an inclination to 
 throw off the Ottoman servitude. The Vizier has sent 
 Mahomet Bassa to be king there, late Teftador or Lord 
 Treasurer and married to one of the Grand Signor's sisters ; " by 
 whose moderate spirit and popularitie hee hopes to overcome 
 those furies which he despaires to doe by armes. At St. John 
 de Acria, not farre distant from Jerusalem, are great rebellions, 
 above 40,000 men being there in armes against the Turke, 
 all which is hoped may be appeased by the arrivall of this 
 Bashaw." Letter Book, p. 89. 1| pp. {Original letter in 8. P. 
 Turkey.] 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, May 6. Smyrna. The question of the chief druggerman 
 is settled, but I cannot yet proceed to my other design for 
 peace and amity between the Consul and factory, " because, 
 should they agree and passe an amnestic " (which I thinke 
 the Consul would be heartily glad of) and your Excellency 
 should afterwards write resenting his miscarriages, there 
 would not want those who would impute the further dis- 
 tempers to your proceedings. I think it better therefore 
 to keep the wound open rather than salve it up too soon, 
 hoping before long to hear again from you. 2 pp. 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, May 10. Whitehall. Since my last, I have received 
 yours of March 18-28 from Constantinople, being the first 
 from those parts. " By my former, I gave your lordshipp 
 an account of the King's most magnificent Coronacion. . . . 
 Wensday last, the King rid in state to the parliament house, 
 havinge first heard a sermon in the Cathedral Church att 
 Westminster ; The persons elected to serve in the Commons 
 house are soe well chosen, as we have great hopes that this 
 will proove a very happy parliament, there being few 
 presbiterians of it. I am very glad to find by this your last 
 letter that your lordshipp had soe honorable a reception 
 from the Grand Seigneur and his principall Ministers there ; 
 and you doe well to uphold and magnify his Majesties power 
 and strength att sea, which in truth is farre greater than 
 ever, and the Kinge takes soe very great delight in shipping, 
 as he goes every weeke at least once to vissitt and take order 
 for accomodating his shippes and navigation ; there is now 
 a fleete of aboute 20 sayle of good shippes of his Majesties 
 preparing, which wilbe reddy to put to sea by the end of 
 this moneth, under the comand of the Earle of Sandwich, 
 Vice-Admirall of England, and are to ply towards the Streights,
 
 119 
 
 and I beleeve if Algiers doe not condiscend to agree 
 to the same articles of peace that were by them graunted 
 to Cromwell, they may be made to repent it. All the Captaines 
 of this fleete are expert and tryed, good and valiant seamen, 
 soe as wee expect some notable service wilbe donne by this 
 fleete, whereof Sir John Lawson is Vice-Admirall. ... I wish 
 there might be a peace betweene the Grand Signeur and 
 Venice ; what you heare there I have likewise from diverse 
 other partes, that there is like to be a warre this summer 
 betweene the Turke and the Emperor of Germany, for which 
 the Princes of Germany are making preparacions alreddy ; 
 and some here apprehend that the Sweades may by a secreat 
 correspondence with the Turke give the Emperor of Germany 
 some trouble, it being very certeyne that the Sweades are 
 making all the preparacions they can for warre, notwithstanding 
 they have att present noe vissible ennemy, or cause for it. 
 There hath never used to be allowance given to any 
 Ambassador att Constantinople for intelligence, and that 
 place is soe remote, as any intelligence from hence hither 
 (it's conceaved) can be of little use here. . . . 
 
 " The King on the 8th of this moneth, att the opening of this 
 parliament, declared in his speech to the members of both 
 houses, that he had contracted a marriage for himselfe with 
 the Princesse of Portugall, and that the dispatch of the league 
 and alliance with Portugall and concerning the said marriage 
 was sent away by an expresse by the Portugall Ambassador. 
 This (thoughe displeasing to the Spaniard) is very acceptable 
 to all his Majesties subjects here unlesse to some popishe 
 people in the kingdome, who are more affected to Spayne 
 then Portugall. My lady Jane Seamour was marryed on 
 tuesday last to the Lord Dungarvan, eldest sonne of the 
 Earle of Corke, who hath setled a very great estate on that 
 marriage. . . ." 
 
 P.S. ' I read to the King your lordshipps last letter which 
 gave his Majestic very good satisfaction." Holograph. 2% pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WENCHILSEA to SIB EDWARD NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, May 14. Pera. The French Ambassador is resolved 
 to pass by all his affronts, in hopes of keeping his place after 
 his death for his son, if the present Vizier's age and infirmities 
 should carry him into another world. 
 
 The internuntio from Poland has had audience : " Before 
 him were carried 70 heads of Cossacks, subjects of his master, 
 lately slaine ; whether out of terrour or scorne to him I 
 cannot tell, but certainely it is a strange barbarous manner of 
 receiving foreign messages. . . ." 
 
 The Grand Signor goes speedily to Adrianople, and the 
 Vizier to the New Castles, which makes me fear that I shall 
 be forced to attend the Turkish camp this year ; it being 
 usual " to compel the most eminent ambassadors " to do so in 
 these expeditions. I shall avoid it if I can, but " there is
 
 120 
 
 little contest against Turkish obstinacy and fury. The Polish 
 Internuntio was threatened this day, that if his master did 
 not deliver up Constantine ... his country should be entered 
 with fire and sword." Letter Boole, p. 90. 1 p. [Original in 
 8. P. Turkey,] 
 
 THE GRAND DUKE OF TUSCANY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 1661, May [16-] 26. Florence. Has not only granted a 
 free passage to Mr. Antony Bokenham through his territories 
 but has given orders that he shall be allowed to embark on 
 one of the galleys with which his brother, Prince Mathias, 
 is going to Marseilles. Signed. Seal. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, May 19. Smyrna. A French ship from Marseilles 
 has brought us London letters. "It's still believed that wee 
 shall breake with the Spaniard, my Lord Chancellor and 
 theire Embassador having been upon high tearmes with each 
 other, and the Earle of Bristoll, who was going Embassador 
 to the King of Spaigne, beeing past over to Ostend, was recalled 
 by his Majesty ; and there is some doubt wee shall not bee 
 long ere wee trye our strength once more with the Dutch. 
 The match with Portugall it's thought will goe forward, but 
 if the kingdome in generall make no better choyce of members 
 than they of London, I feare his Majestie may have more 
 reason to have continued then disband his army, the foure 
 burgesses for that citty beeing Alderman Fowke (the first 
 that was proclaimed traitour by his Majestie of blessed 
 memory) Alderman Love (one esteemed rather enclined to 
 the Levellers than monarchicall government), Alderman 
 Tompson and Capt. Jones (two presbyterians), though Jones 
 of late yeares hath been esteemed both honest and able; but 
 the choyce hath much disgusted his Majestie. Knights of 
 the shire for Kent are Sir Thos. Peyton and Sir John Tufton, 
 and except it be hi corporations (which are the nurseries of 
 faction) it's believed few or none will bee elected but such as 
 are loyall and right principled. 
 
 ' The Consul hath been very busie with his pen to the 
 Turkic Company, giving the factors the tearme of English 
 Jewes, and the auncient standers hee compares to bell-wethers, 
 which leade the flock which way they please, so that your 
 Excellencie by this will guess what peace is like to bee 
 amongst them." 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, May 22. Pera. You may, perhaps, reckon the 
 information of affairs here, by reason of the distance, 
 the little intercourse between the two Crowns, and "the 
 negotiation of former Embassadours (which was nothing 
 antiently but the support of merchandise and trafficke) to be
 
 121 
 
 impertinent to matters of state in England ; yet, I can assure 
 you it was allwayes a grosse mistake, and the interest of his 
 Majestie might as well have beene promoted here as in the 
 more neere parts of Christendome." There are now oppor- 
 tunities of advancing his Majesty's power and honour as 
 good as any parts outside his dominions ; and if I can but 
 receive a just countenance, I doubt not but to interest him 
 in the umpirage of peace between Venice and this Porte. 
 I have used all means to add this honour to my master, for 
 when I saw the French interest decline, and the Ambassador 
 dismissed, I thought it a fit opportunity to catch up what 
 he had managed with such ill success. And so, after many 
 kindnesses between the Venetian Bailo and myself, I freely 
 offered the power I had in this Court to the service of the 
 Republic, saying plainly that I thought it an honour due to 
 my master to be umpire between them and this Porte. The 
 reply was that they looked upon me as the most honourable 
 Ambassador here, and that the Bailo had written to the Senate 
 in my behalf, but that at present they were engaged to the 
 King of France to be their mediator. If the Senate found 
 that this King could no longer serve them, there could be no 
 more proper instrument than myself. 
 
 I know that the Vizier will not accept the mediation of 
 France, and I know also that there can be none here capable 
 of it but myself, and that there never was a time when peace 
 would be so grateful to the Turk, now so hardly beset on all 
 sides. It would therefore be a strange neglect in me to let 
 slide this opportunity, but I despair to compass it without 
 some support from home. Unless the seeds I sow are blessed 
 by the dew of his Majesty's favour, I can never expect success ; 
 but, if he will acquaint the Venetian resident at London of 
 his desire to become umpire, and that he claims it as his due, 
 I make no doubt but to conquer all opposition. 
 
 Postscript. The French Ambassador now resolves to depart, 
 and is preparing for his journey. Letter Book, p. 91. 3 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD TREASURER [SOUTHAMPTON]. 
 
 1661, May 22. Pera. " I believe your lordship knowes 
 my disposition to bee an enemie to idlenesse and an inactive 
 life ; . . . my reason likewise tells mee that my dutie is not 
 performed in standing a meere centinell on the guard of my 
 country without obtaining some glorie to my commander." 
 I have entered into a thousand thoughts how I might best 
 promote my master's interest and my own condition, and 
 believe that making his Majesty umpire between this Porte 
 and Venice will add to the glory of my Prince and to the 
 speedier recovery of my own fortunes. I enclose to your 
 lordship the letter I have written to Secretary Nicholas, 
 by which you will see the nature of my design, and how I 
 have endeavoured to make the Secretary sensible how much 
 my master's honour is concerned in it. I pray you to prevail
 
 122 
 
 with his Majesty to countenance me, and with the Secretary 
 to negotiate the matter with the Venetian resident. Letter 
 Book, p. 94. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE KING. 
 
 1661, May 22. Laying before him the whole matter of the 
 umpirage, and praying him to move it to the Venetian 
 resident. 
 
 Postscript. Does not venture to " chalk out a rule " for 
 his Majesty, nor does he think this very instant of time proper 
 for the treaty, though convenient for the preparations to it. 
 Nor will he determine how honourable it might be for the 
 Venetians to conclude a peace for themselves, deserting the 
 Emperor, who probably, at their instigation, began the war. 
 But he prays to be armed with such instructions and authority 
 as may enable him to negotiate if " contingencies present." 
 Ibid. p. 95. 1| pp. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, May 28. Smyrna. Re-iterating complaints of Consul 
 Baker, and reporting speeches made by him against his 
 Excellency. The factory is now "in a combustion " on 
 learning what Baker wrote into England, not long after he 
 reached his post, and unless his Excellency removes him 
 there will be nothing but confusion in the factory and ruin 
 to the trade. 3 pp. 
 
 Enclosing : 
 
 A long letter full of accusations against Baker, and 
 praying for his dismissal. 31 signatures. 4 pp. 
 
 CONSUL BAKER to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, May 30. Yesterday Mr. Isackson and all the nation 
 kept his Majesty's birthday and happy restoration at the 
 charge of the Company (at the consul's house). Compares 
 the charges of the English and Hollanders, and fears the 
 latter will shortly " eat " the former out of the trade ; for 
 the English factors " stand up for their private, while the 
 public goes to ruin." 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE KING. 
 
 1661, June 3. Pera. There being now no French 
 Ambassador at the Porte, and the lives and fortunes of the 
 French merchants being therefore exposed to the cruelty 
 and covetousness of their enemies, they have begged him 
 to solicit his Majesty to send him a commission to act as their 
 protector, and letters to the Porte to give credence to him 
 in that capacity. Letter Book, p. 97. p.
 
 123 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, June 3. Pera. Stating that he requested 
 Mr. Jonathan Dawes, on his way to England, to negotiate with 
 the Marsellians concerning their traffic and the English pro- 
 tection. All things being now concluded with them, he prays 
 for his Majesty's licence, and letters to the Porte desiring 
 that the French trade may be continued under the protection 
 of his Ambassador. Letter Book, p. 97. p. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD ST. ALBANS. 
 
 1661, June 3. Pera. On the same subject. Prays him 
 to procure a licence from the French King to his subjects 
 " to secure their trade in those parts under the English banner." 
 Ibid. p. 98. p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1661, June 3. On the same subject. Prays him to be 
 pressing with the Secretary to use all speed in sending the 
 despatches to Mr. Dawes, who is waiting at Marseilles for his 
 Majesty's grant before he signs any agreement on Winchilsea's 
 behalf. Ibid. p. 98. p. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON.* 
 
 1661, June 3. To the same effect as the preceding. Ibid, 
 p. 107. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to JONATHAN DAWES. 
 
 1661, June 3. Instructions and authority to negotiate the 
 above matter with the merchants at Marseilles on his lord- 
 ship's behalf. Ibid. p. 99. French. 2 pp. 
 
 Also : 
 
 Instructions concerning what he is to do in his lordship's 
 affairs when he arrives at London. 
 
 1. To make the Levant Company to know what trouble 
 he has taken in their business. 
 
 2. To let them know the dearness of all things at Con- 
 stantinople, and that they ought to increase his 
 allowance by at least 2,000 dollars a year, and pay the 
 expenses of his Algier Treaty. 
 
 3. To engage his lordship's particular friends hi this 
 matter, viz. : Messrs. John Buckworth, Barnardiston, 
 Penning, Paul Prideaux, Dawes' brother, Sir George 
 Smith, Sir William Vincent, and any others of most 
 power in the Court of Assistance. 
 
 4. On delivering his letters to his friends, Dawes may 
 discourse freely of his lordship's way of living, of the 
 
 * A note iii the Letter Boole states that these four letters of J uiie 3 were to 
 be sent forward in case Mr. Dawes had good success in his negotiations at 
 Marseilles and not otherwise.
 
 124 
 
 advantage the enterprize will be to his estate, " and 
 that the embassy is not the less honourable because it 
 is remote." 
 
 5. In discourse with the Lord Treasurer, Sir H. Finch 
 and Chief Justice Bridgman, to say how desirous his 
 lordship is to serve the King above any Ambassador 
 that preceded him, and that if he has not success, it is 
 due to the little countenance he receives from his Majesty, 
 and the want of correspondency from the Secretary and 
 his own " most knowing friends." 
 
 6. To discourse concerning the umpirage, and the advan- 
 tage which would accrue from it ; and also concerning 
 the French affairs, according as he finds them after his 
 negotiations at Marseilles. 
 
 7. To advise with the Lord Treasurer how he may get an 
 allowance for intelligence ; and the importance of it. 
 
 8. To provide six lusty mastiff dogs, to be sent by way of 
 Cologne (directed to the Conte d'Egone di Ferstenberg a 
 Colonia) as a present from his lordship to the Emperor. 
 
 9. To go to Eastwell as he passes through Kent ; to give 
 his lordship's blessing to his son and other children, 
 and to discourse with his brother Toke, his steward 
 Martin, and Mr. Walrond about the improvement of his 
 estate. Letter Book, p. 107. 2 pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, June 5. Aleppo. We learn from Spahaune " that 
 Oran Zebe is fully possest of the Great Mogulls crowne in 
 India, and is unlikely to be molested therein, having killed 
 his elder brother, keepes his father and younger brother 
 prisoners, and Sultan Susa, his elder brother that is Prince of 
 Bengala, is able to do him little hurt. The King of Persia 
 is sending an Ambassador with a very large present to Oran 
 Zebe to congratulate his safe possession of the Crowne." 
 Ettoman Doulatt, the Grand Vizier [of Persia] is banished, 
 which put things so out of order that Agent Buckeridge has 
 been able to do nothing. The new agent, Mr. Mathew Forster. 
 who was sent to reside at Spahaune in Mr. Buckeridge's place, 
 writes from Gombrone that the Dutch have so far prospered 
 in their attempts upon Macasar as to fire some vessels in the 
 Road and surprise one of the forts, " which would be incon- 
 siderable if the people were unanimous, but their discontents 
 with their government makes them careless who are their 
 rulers . . . and the Dutch are now like to be little lesse then 
 masters of that place, which is the most considerable of all in 
 the South Seas." 
 
 The East India Company have narrowly escaped some 
 very heavy losses. The Mayflower, bound for East Coromandel, 
 in her homeward voyage encountered so great a storm near 
 the Cape that it was a miracle she escaped, but was so much 
 shattered that she had to bear up for Surat, where Capt. Curtis,
 
 125 
 
 her commander, reported she could never be so repaired as 
 to voyage to England. The Smyrna Merchant, Captain 
 Fisher, was wrecked upon a small island between St. Lawrence 
 and the Main, but most of the Company's estate in her, being 
 silver, was saved. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to HIS SISTER, THE COUNTESS OP 
 
 SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1661, June 8. Pera. Praying her to keep him in her 
 lord's remembrance, when his business nearer hand diverts 
 his thoughts from his remote and absent friends. Also to 
 move the Lord Chamberlain or some other powerful friend, 
 for an increase of his allowance. 
 
 Mr. Dawes, the bearer (the principal English merchant 
 at this place), who knows his manner of living and is intimate 
 in his counsells, will give her all news of him. Letter Book, 
 p. 101. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR ANTHONY ASHLEY COOPER. 
 
 1661, June 14. Pera. The bearer, Mr. Jonathan Dawes, 
 a very discreet man, will relate to you the affairs of this place, 
 but being so much obliged to your friendship, I cannot but 
 impart to you my thoughts on the reports in England touching 
 my embassy, " as that heere are no matters of state 
 to bee employed in, but only marchandizing and the pro- 
 tection of traders ; that these are infidells and therefore it 
 concernes us not to meddle, no further than only the securing 
 of commerce. This is a very auntient errour in our climate, 
 and not yet rectified as it is in the southern countries." But 
 trade must be subordinate to the interests of state. If it were 
 either my Master's interest or the Grand Signer's to break 
 off commerce, how could it continue by the intercession only 
 of merchants ? History shows the advantage other nations 
 have had of us " when their Ambassadors made peace and 
 war betweene the Emperor of the Turks and other 
 potentates, and that our Ambassadors have been (for the 
 most part) but passive," either from wanting instructions 
 or opportunity. Consider this juncture. [Gives a resume 
 of the position of affairs.] Is not this a time to step in and 
 gain the position of umpire of all the affairs at this Porte, 
 " which the French have had this hundred years past, and 
 not employed it to that good to Christianity as I know my 
 Master will ? As for those who say these are infidells, and do 
 as much as imply, therefore wee must neglect the doing our- 
 selves and others good, I shall answer them with a story of 
 a puritan marchant, who, being offered by an Indian a great 
 bargain in Jewells, neglected for a time the purchase, and 
 would first read to him the new Testament ; but, in the mean- 
 time, comes an Italian merchant and got the bargaine for 
 himself, and meeting afterwards the puritan, asked him if
 
 126 
 
 there was anything in the new Testament against the purchase 
 he had made ; who, being madded for the opportunity he had 
 lost, threw for anger the Testament into the fier ; so the 
 Indian lost his conversion and the hypocrite his purchase 
 and Testament too." 
 
 Another discourse is that this employment is below me. 
 " Can it be below a subject and a servant to represent his 
 King and master? Or is it more honourable to be an 
 Ambassador amongst the Dutch butter boxes, and to be 
 confined to a Dutche's nest, then to be employed at this 
 great Court with a mighty Emperor, seated in the center of 
 the world, and the large field of a vast empire to act in ? I 
 shall leave to the world to judge, yet it deserves consideration 
 how much the Emperor of Germany, the Kings of France and 
 Poland, together with the Senate of Venice do honour this 
 ambassie, for that some of them give the power of martiall 
 law to their Ambassadours ; others what monies they demand 
 without account ; power to pardon traitours, &c., and do 
 employ the greatest of their nobility and senators, sending 
 them with a more costly traine then to any other Court of 
 Europe whatsoever, and have many times reaped fruite 
 answerable to the charges they have been at. As I hope 
 my Master will for the royall ship he did send with mee, which 
 gave me such an occasion to magnifie the greatnesse of my 
 Master as hath strucken an admiration and awe of his Majestic 
 into the proud Vizier himselfe. This eagle hath not his wings 
 dipt like to that of Germany, and deserves as well an eye 
 into her actions as any state whatsoever, especially for us, 
 who may do them mischiefe and can receive none from them 
 (which makes them to court us) and as our great Master is 
 the true ballance of Europe and law-giver of all marittime 
 affaires, so his eyes must be like those of eagles from on high 
 prying afarre off into all places and actions, and doth deserve 
 a more able minister and servant then myselfe to negotiate 
 in so considerable a port." But my heart and hands shall 
 never be wanting to augment his honour and if I may but 
 have good intelligence, advice and materials, I will render a 
 good account. Letter Book, p. 101. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL or WINCHILSEA to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1661, June 14. Prays him to read copies of his letters to the 
 King and Secretary, and to return his " most serious and 
 deliberate advice." Again urges him to procure the com- 
 mission and letters needful to authorize him to act in regard 
 to the treaty with Venice. Ibid. p. 103. | p. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, June 14-24. There is come here a kinsman of Lord 
 Chancellor Hyde's, one who was formerly in these parts with 
 Sir Henry. He designs for Pera, to ask your Excellency's
 
 127 
 
 assistance for possessing him with the house and lands pur- 
 chased by Sir Henry in the Morea, and which the said 
 Sir Henry made over to Consul Gattwood, who died there a 
 little after the arrival of Sir Thos. Bendyshe at Constantinople. 
 I believe Mr. Ricaut may find something about the business 
 in the books of the Cancellaria. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE KINO. 
 
 1661, June 15. Pera. Recommending Mr. Jonathan Dawes, 
 " a person better knowne heere by reason of his long aboad, 
 then m his own country, to which his affections gave him 
 no desiers to return whilst it was not blest with your Majestie's 
 government, or the church unsettled (sic) with that peace 
 and order it now enjoyes." Could ill spare one so experienced 
 in the secrets of the Ottoman Court (gained by long acquaint- 
 ance with the eminent Lord Treasurer, now King of Egypt), 
 but his desires to see his country in its present happiness 
 and glory were so strong, that no persuasions could prevail 
 over them. Letter Book, p. 104. | p. 
 Also : 
 
 Letters of recommendation for Mr. Dawes to Sir Heneage 
 Finch and the Duke of Albemarle, same date ; to 
 the Senate of Venice and the Grand Duke of Tuscany 
 in Italian, June 17-27 ; and to the Lord Chancellor, 
 June 20. Ibid. pp. 104-106, 111, 112. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1661, June 17. Pera. Recommends Mr. Dawes, who, by 
 his great experience and acquaintance with persons of the 
 highest quality, has helped to bring things to pass which 
 might otherwise have failed. He will acquaint his lordship 
 with all affairs at the Porte, and will especially ask advice 
 concerning the King's title in his capitulations. His Majesty 
 has hitherto been called Crawle, which means indeed a 
 sovereign prince ; but the Grand Signer himself assumes 
 the title of Podeshaw, i.e. Emperor, and gives it to the Emperor 
 of Germany and the King of France ; therefore it is not fit 
 that the King of England should be called by a lower title. 
 But nothing can be done in this place " without presents and 
 corruptions," and no intelligence comes from England, nor 
 any allowance of moneys. Renews his complaints on these 
 heads, and once more prays his lordship, who was his 
 preserver in England, to be his protector out of it. Ibid, 
 p. 109. 1 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, June 17. Pera. The hopes of a war between the 
 Grand Signer and the Emperor seem to vanish, for the German 
 Resident (a person of much honour and sincerity) hears from 
 Vienna that his master resolves to stand " as a neuter and
 
 128 
 
 at a gaze on the affairs of Transylvania " unless the Turks 
 put a Turkish governor and garrisons into the country, which 
 the Grand Signor has sworn he designs not to do. Letter 
 Book, p. 110. | p. [Original letter in S.P. Turkey, but 
 dated June 21, probably the date of its actual despatch.] 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR GEORGE SMITH. 
 
 1661, June 17. Pera. Thanking him for his two letters, 
 and expressing his pleasure that Ricaut is likely to have 
 " good acceptance by the Company to be chancellor here." 
 Was very modest when he wrote that he had spent 300L at 
 Algier and Messina, as he might justly have claimed that his 
 salary should begin when his employment did, instead of 
 asking only what he paid out of his purse and resting satisfied 
 with the loss of his time and pains. Though peace was not 
 concluded, he saved the Company and the Italian merchants 
 much, " as the redemption of two ships that were prizes 
 out of the harbour, besides severall English that were in the 
 market to be sould for slaves." This is already acknowledged 
 from Italy, and he expects thanks from London also. But 
 he has had so much experience of the kindness, generosity 
 and affection of the Company that he cannot believe there 
 will ever be occasion of ill-understanding between them, 
 especially while he is assured of the good offices of so cordial 
 a friend as Sir George himself. Ibid. p. 111. I p. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MORICE, Secretary of State, to THE EARL OF 
 
 WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, June 18. Whitehall. " I had the felicity to receave 
 those letters which you did me the honor to write. I longe 
 since saw a letter of your Excellencyes in the handes of 
 Mr. Secretary Nicholas, which caused me to believe that he 
 corresponded with you, from whom also you had your dis- 
 patch, and thereuppon I was not forwarde to give you the 
 trouble of my pen, but since I finde that he hathe not kept 
 up the intercourse, and that you complaine of the wante 
 of that intelligence which I feared had beene an impertinency 
 to give you, I shall henceforth redeeme my former omission 
 by my frequent interpellation, and in my chartes render 
 you a prospect of the state of your country, and in my next 
 to such embassadors as his Majesty hath lyinge abroad (which 
 are only my lorde St. Albans in the courte of France and 
 Sir George Downinge at the Hague) I shall prompt them to 
 correspond with you. Ther is yet in vewe a likelyhood of a 
 breach betwixt Englande and Spaine. The Spanish 
 Embassador, whose heate is at a higher degree then his dis- 
 cretion, did often vainly menace that the next day after a 
 marriage should be concluded with Portugal, he would 
 denounce warre against our master. The first publicke notice 
 that was given of the conclusion therof, was by the King to
 
 129 
 
 his parliament, and thereuppon, the Embassador began to 
 packe up his baggage and put on the face of departinge, but 
 affaires are not trusted to his proper conduct, he receavinge 
 orders from the Counte Fuensdalgue, leiger at Paris, who, by 
 an expresse, injoyned his stay. It was longe before the King 
 would admit him to his presence, he 'havinge given som 
 resentment by printinge som papers and talkinge somewhat 
 prodigally of the Chancellor, yet he hath since had audience, 
 but in milder accents. His master is in no capacity to make 
 warre with our Kinge, his treasuries being empty, and all the 
 powers he hath beinge little enough to be auxiliar to the other 
 branch of his house, in hazard to be blasted by the Ottoman, 
 and Spaine itselfe beinge in no good posture, where of late 
 have beene some mutinyes about the base money commanded 
 to be current. There is no little probability of a peace 
 betweene Spaine and Portugall, some traverses have beene 
 about it, whereunto the Spaniard is the more facilitated, 
 because of the defensive league or quarranty betweene 
 England and Portugal, his Majesty havinge espoused the 
 quarrel of the later in the alliance of mariage. The Infanta 
 bringes the King two millions of crownes Portuguse, halfe 
 in hande, and the other moyty at a yeeres ende. Ther is beside 
 som advantages (and those very considerable) by enlargement 
 of empire and privileges of trade. His Majesty had very 
 good resentments of your offerture of interposinge his 
 mediation for a peace betwixt the Grand Seigneur and the 
 Venetian, and it is his pleasure that as occasion shall present 
 it selfe you lay holde therof, and not suffer (if you can prevent 
 it) that any other beare away that honor from him. He was 
 not free to make any allowance for intelligence, beinge loath 
 to introduce new charges, and for this he saith he knowes 
 no president. The Dutch Embassadours have beene heere 
 almost a yeere, yet have advanced nothinge hi their treaty ; 
 there are som umbrages in his Majesty toward them about 
 their comportment to the Prince of Orange, and there prepara- 
 tions sent to the East Indyes against the Portugal, after the 
 King had offered and they accepted his mediation of peace. 
 We are not like to have any firme union, but as yet we are 
 not ready nor forward to make a breach. Holland was very 
 wilh'nge to strike up a peace with Portugal and protested 
 that if Zealand would not concurre, they would withdrawe 
 their contributions, and treate singly, but the East India 
 ships very lately arrived, bringinge acceptable newes of their 
 successes in those partes, are like to divert their intentions. 
 My lord of Sandwich is gonne with a fleete of 14 or 15 good 
 ships (and 5 or 6 others) into the Mediterranean to offer peace 
 to those of Algier, Tunis, Tripoli, which, if they refuse to accept 
 uppon honorable termes (the cheife is that of not searchinge 
 our ships), he hath commission to doe them all the mischiefs of 
 warre, and if that happen it may perchance startle you at 
 the Porte, but you may assure them his Majesty intends 
 Wt. 29496. 9
 
 130 
 
 no breach of allyance and amity with the Grand Seignior 
 nor hath any designe or intent to make any attempt upon 
 any of the cityes under his dominion or protection, but only 
 to reduce and chastise those pyrates. The insurrection that 
 happened heere last Christide in this city was represented 
 to you through multiplyinge glasses ; a few desperate 
 enthusiasts (they were never 30 in one body, nor 40 in all) 
 who had first lost their witts before they did their loyalty, 
 put themselves in armes in hope that Christ would visibly 
 com from Heaven to head them, and were soone suppressed, 
 though som blood was spilt in doinge it. Had the number 
 beene greater of such resolute men so armed, the effects might 
 have beene mischievous, but the sense of our weaknes that 
 time indicated a necessity of a better standinge force and 
 occasioned the erectinge of three troupes of guards (the King's, 
 Duke of Yorke and Duke of Albemarle's) one regiment of 
 horse, under the Earle of Oxford, and two of foote commanded 
 by the General and Colonel Russell. The parliament is very 
 complyant with the Kinge, whose influence alone preserves 
 the acte of Indemnity indemnified; nothinge notable hath 
 yet passed save the restitution of bishops to the Lords house, 
 and an act for a free contribution to the Kinge, not exceedinge 
 two hundred pounds for Commons, four hundred for Lords. 
 We are like to make and keepe a stricte and firme alliance 
 with France. I presented your letter to the Duke of 
 Albemarle, and I heerby give you my very humble 
 service." 
 
 P.S. " Since this was written the letters receaved from 
 Holland certify that at the meetinge of the Estates, notwith- 
 standinge the opposition of Zealand and Gelderland, they 
 have by pluralitye of voyces voted a peace with Portugal. 
 Zealand saith it is contrary to the Union to determine by 
 plurality, without consent of all, but Holland replies that the 
 peace with Spaine was concluded 1605 by plurality of 
 voyces." 1| pp. Seal of arms embossed. 
 
 THE EARL OF WESTCHILSEA to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, June 21. Pera. A nuncio is expected in a few days 
 from the Emperor, *so I fear that the war, of which we had 
 such hopes (as tending to divert the armies of Austria from 
 any designs against his Majesty) " will end contrary to our 
 desires." I should have thought myself happy if his Majesty 
 had made me an instrument to foment the differences, which 
 I believe I could have done without being discovered but 
 for the want of correspondence, " and the esteeme you have 
 that the affairs of this country hath no influence on the 
 successe of England."* The French Ambassador departs as 
 soon as his ship is ready ; one M. Blondel is said to be coming 
 in his place. Letter Book, p. 113. 1| pp. [Original in S.P. 
 Turkey.] 
 
 * * The passage here abstracted is in cipher in the original.
 
 131 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1661, June 22. Pera. Informing him how the French 
 Ambassador had obtained the office of mediator ; viz. : by 
 request of the Venetians to the King of France, who there- 
 upon sent letters to the Grand Signor, desiring to be accepted 
 in that office. Would willingly have the like letters from 
 his Majesty, in blank, to use if opportunity present, and is 
 thinking of sending his secretary to England to solicit them, 
 but will wait till he hears from England and Venice. 
 
 Cannot prosecute the design of a trade between Turkey 
 and Portugal till he has orders from thence and from home. 
 It would be easy to introduce an ambassador, or to procure 
 licence for their traffic to be protected under the English 
 banner. 
 
 Is sending him six pots of sherbet. Letter Book, p. 114. 1 p. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL or WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, June 22. Smyrna. His Excellency's letter and 
 warrant to the factory and commission to himself have 
 been received. Sent the Cancelliere and some of the mer- 
 chants at once to read the letter to Mr. Baker, who is ready 
 to render all obedience to his Excellency's commands. 
 
 For the honour conferred on himself, he esteems himself 
 eternally obliged, and will in all things square his actions 
 according to his Excellency's commands. Knows that the 
 change in affairs will create him many enemies, but entirely 
 trusts hi his Excellency's protection and favour. 
 
 Mr. Coventry's term as treasurer being over, Mr. Adrian 
 Death has been elected. 1 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE PRIVY COUNCIL. 
 
 1661, June 24. Pera. Assuring them that he has done his 
 utmost both in regard to commerce and to his Majesty's 
 affairs, although, owing to the lack of orders and intelligence he 
 has not been able to serve them as otherwise he might. Though 
 some opportunities have passed, others remain, and the place 
 is not so remote but that the success of affairs there might 
 have influence on England. If he were not left entirely 
 in the dark, is sure he might further the King's service. 
 Letter Book, p. 115. | p. 
 
 Enclosed in a letter to Sir George Lane, to the same effect. 
 
 THE SAME to THE COUNTESS OF SOUTHAMPTON. 
 1661, June 24. Pera. If I did not know that my lord 
 tells you what he hears from me, I should write to you oftener, 
 for I know that you will rejoice hi my good fortunes and 
 lament in my bad ones. " Both my wife and my little 
 daughter are (God be praised) in good health, and I beginne 
 to find that ease and tranquillity of mind which for some 
 yeares I have been a stranger to ; for since I have scene the
 
 132 
 
 deliverance of my country and my King restored, I have 
 thought in the next place of the provision of my family and 
 recoverie of my owne fortunes, in which I have now so good 
 successe . . . that I hope, when I next see you, it shall be 
 with fewer anxious thoughts then when I left you. [The rest 
 of the letter is in relation to his claims upon the Levant 
 Company, and the measures to be taken to procure their 
 consent thereto.] Letter Boole, p. 116. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE KING. 
 
 1661, June 24. Pera. Praying him to notice the passage 
 in cipher in his letter to Secretary Nicholas (of June 21, 
 above), which may serve to show his Majesty that some 
 things may be acted here as advantageous as in other 
 embassies not so remote. If he had been so happy as to 
 receive more commands, he could have been a more active 
 instrument in his Majesty's service. Ibid. p. 118. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE DUKE OF ORMOND. 
 
 1661, June 26. Pera. Congratulating him on being made 
 a duke. All men are sufficiently satisfied of his lordship's 
 " great fidelity and meritts, even in the apostacy and worst 
 of times, and in the greatest of tryalls," but it is a great con- 
 solation to loyal servants and subjects to see that his Majesty 
 " doth not forget those who have so emminently suffered for 
 himself e and his most blessed father." . Ibid. p. 118. \ p. 
 
 THE SAME to ANGELO CORRARO, Procurator of San Marco, 
 Ambassador Extraordinary residing in England. 
 
 1661, June 26. Pera. Congratulating his Excellency upon 
 his arrival in England, and honourable reception there. 
 Regrets that he cannot exchange his present post for 
 that of Ambassador to Venice, but must be contented to stay 
 where he is, his chief desire, after the service of his King, 
 being to be of use to the Republic, without which, and his 
 intercourse with Signer Balarino (with whom he has made a 
 firm league of friendship) he would be utterly weary of the 
 place. Italian. Ibid. p. 121. p. 
 
 CONSUL BAKER to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, June 27. Smyrna. " Your warrant was notified 
 me, and Mr. Isackson is in my place." I humbly pray to 
 know the proofs against me, and my accusers, and the matter 
 laid to my charge, that I may clear myself ; " the very 
 Inquisiton itt selfe admitts nott that any man of propence 
 mallice, or where his interest or advantage, promoatement, 
 &c. [is concerned], shall be taken as informers or wittnesses." 
 When all is truly represented to your Excellency, I am 
 confidently assured that no exception can be taken. 1 p.
 
 133 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, June 28. Whitehall. This is my fourth letter to 
 your lordship. Since my last I have received yours of 
 March 1, 4 and 6. The King is well pleased with your diligence 
 and prudent proceedings. When Sir Thomas Bendishe arrives 
 I will ask him concerning the bed that used to be given by 
 the King to his Ambassador. " But as for the scale, it seemes 
 by the coppy of the late King's warrant, which you sent me, 
 that it ought to have bene delivered to you by Sir Thomas 
 Bendishe, upon his surrendering of his place of Ambassador, 
 and I know not what impression the scale ought to have; I 
 have spoken with Sir Sackville Crow about the bed and scale, 
 and he tells me he had noe bed, and doth not remember what 
 the scale is, but of these thinges, when Sir Thomas Bendishe 
 arrives, I shall doe what in it may be effected for your lord- 
 shipp's satisfacion. The Lord O' Brian came hither about 
 Whitsuntide last, having paid and given security for his 
 ransome and his father's. When I shall from Sir Thomas 
 Bendishe understand what he intends concerning his being 
 agent at Cairo and att whose charge that imployment is 
 to be, I shalbe able to say some thing to you of that matter, 
 but the King having never had any such minister there, nor 
 having any occasion for any, unless the merchants desire it, 
 I suppose that imployment will not be suddenly conferred 
 on any, and not att all, unlesse att the merchants cost. 
 . . . Your lordshipp will find in the inclosed in cipher 
 what may be fitt for you to communicate to the Ministers 
 there upon occasion, to prevent any misunderstanding. I 
 humbly thanke your lordshipp for your offer to me of the 
 nominacion of a consul for Algiers, but I know noe man 
 that I can recommend for it, and I conceave that the person 
 who is now in it was placed by the Bang's warrant or com- 
 mission, before your lordshipp was designed Ambassador, but 
 how fitt he may be for that place I know not. Wee are here in 
 great expectacion whether the warre between the Emperor and 
 the Grand Seigneur will proceede this yeare, and whether there 
 be any likelihood of a treaty for a peace between the Grand 
 Seigneur and the Venetians. The sending of Mr. Hudson's 
 ship by the Gr[and] Seig[neur] to carry provisions to Candi, 
 notwithstanding the opposicion you made, was somewhat 
 strange and unfriendly, but there was noe remedy. . . . 
 
 ' ' The Lord Roberts is made Lord Privy Scale ; the Portugall 
 Ambassador is this day feasted by the King att Court, and 
 goes within two days to Portugall with the treaty of marriage, 
 which was signed some dayes since. Holograph. 2% pp. 
 
 Enclosing : Memorandum chiefly hi cipher, with which 
 is a decipher as follows : 
 
 As zounding* the ill useage of his Majestie's subjects 
 by those of Algiers the King hath pay* a fleet 
 
 * " Zounding " (687, 341) is probably a mistake for C27, 341 (concerning) ; 
 and pay (290) for 299 (sent).
 
 134 
 
 of above twenty ships under the command of the Earle 
 of Sandwich to Algiers, with instructions to demand 
 their performance of the articles formerly agreed 
 on by them with the English, and particularly that 
 according to that agreement, they shall not visit or 
 search any of his Majesties subjects, ships, nor interrupt 
 them in their trade; and in case those of Algiers 
 shall deny to agree to the same, then his lordship is 
 to use all hostile meanes to force them thereunto, his 
 Majestic requiring no more from them then they 
 formerly agreed unto by treatie with the usurpers. 
 The Earle of Sandwich set saile six dayes since with 
 a faire gale, and by my former letters sent some time 
 since by the way of Vienna, I gave your lordship a 
 hint of his lordshipp's preparing to goe with a fleet 
 to Algiers ; to that end your lordshipp shall doe 
 well to acquaint the Grand Vizier, and if you thinke 
 fit the Grand Signeur also, that the King's affection 
 and friendship to the Grand Signeur is as entire as 
 ever, and that hee conceives what hee doth to induce 
 those of Algiers to doe his subjects right according 
 to the former treaty will not bee disagreeable to 
 him." [The memorandum is in Nicholas's hand ; the 
 decipher by Ricaut.] 
 
 THE EARL OF NORTHUMBERLAND to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, June 28. London. " By your lordship's letter 
 beareing date the 12 of Feb. last I received the wellcome 
 newse of your safe arrivall att Constantinople, and the 
 satisfaction of seeing myselfe continued hi your memorie, 
 which I shall studie to deserve in some measure by the per- 
 formance of any service in my power. The getting of Turkish 
 horses into England, I apprehended a worke of so much 
 difficultie as I thought it not reasonable to trouble your Lord- 
 ship with it, nor is it easie to finde men that understand 
 well the chewsing of them, and therefore I resolved to content 
 myselfe with such as these neerer parts of the world do afford. 
 I am now leaveing this towne and retyreing for some tyme 
 into the countrie, where if your Lordship can think me any 
 wayes usefull to you, your commands shall readily be executed. 
 . . ." Holograph. 1 p. Seal of antique gem. 
 
 CHARLES II to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, July 3. Whitehall. Desiring him to use his best 
 endeavours to procure the liberty of Signor Mark Anthony 
 Delfino, a nobleman of Venice and brother-in-law to Signor 
 Morosini, Ambassador Extraordinary in England, from whom his 
 Majesty learns that the said Signor Delfino, " in his gallant 
 carriage and behaviour against the Turks in Candia, was by 
 them there taken prisoner and made a slave, and, because
 
 135 
 
 he was sonne to the governour who commanded in that kingdome, 
 was sent to the Tower of Constantinople, where he yet 
 remaines." Sign manual, countersigned by Nicholas. 1 p. 
 Endorsed as received May 25, 1662. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1661, July 8. Pera. Stating that the differences and 
 dissensions in the factory at Smyrna had grown so high in 
 consequence of the indiscretions of the consul there that 
 he has discharged him, and put in another till the Company 
 decide what to do. The disposal of the place is in the Com- 
 pany, but he conceives he has authority to act in cases of 
 emergency ; the whole trade was hi danger of destruction, if 
 he had not appointed one of a more prudent spirit, and he was 
 worn out by continual complaints and importunities. Prays 
 his cousin to vindicate him if his action is spoken of as too 
 rash and severe. 
 
 Has difficulty in managing affairs at Constantinople, and 
 must walk very circumspectly on account of the Vizier, for 
 he being " a great tyrant, violently obstinate and malitiously 
 froward," it does not do to draw the cord too tightly, lest his 
 fury should cause him either to break the capitulations, or 
 offer some insult ; and the honour of the English Ambassador 
 once invaded, the Turks would trample on it ever after. 
 Letter Book, p. 119. 1| pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE EARL OF ST. ALBANS. 
 
 1661, July 8. Pera. Has parted from the French 
 Ambassador " with all the demonstrations of civilitie and 
 freindship," and thinks it would be well if his lordship would 
 send to congratulate his arrival, and take notice of the said 
 friendship. Ibid. p. 120. p. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, July 8. Smyrna. They have received the good 
 news of his Majesty's coronation, and of the thankful assent of 
 Parliament to the match with Portugal. On the vote that 
 Dunkirk and Jamaica " should henceforward be esteemed 
 a right belonging to the Crown of England " it is said the 
 Spanish Ambassador was very high, made protest against the 
 Council and Parliament, and so went away for Dover ; but 
 further advices say that he returned to London on hearing that 
 the Dutch Ambassador had congratulated the King's choice of the 
 Infanta, " lest the Hollander should be scared to yield unto 
 those demands his Majestic hath made of them," which they 
 will have to do if it be true that the Dane and Swede have 
 concluded a peace with England. Twenty frigates are fitted 
 out for Lisbon with the Duke of Albemarle (but he rather believes 
 it to be the Duke of Ormond) to fetch the Infanta, and ten 
 more to go against the Argier men-of-war, who have been 
 plundering English ships.
 
 136 
 
 Prays to know if he may write himself " Consul for his 
 Majesty " as he is told other consuls have done (except hi 
 the late troubles). " The Company's charter is confirmed, 
 at the expence of 1,500Z., and this hath made greate distraction 
 among themselves, those that are free men of the citty 
 requiring those that are not to take theire freedomes, or 
 else to have no benefitt of the charter." Encloses copies 
 of the propositions of the major part of the factory to the 
 Company, which he thinks very reasonable. 1| pp. 
 
 [Enclosure not with the letter.] 
 
 THE KING OF POLAND to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, July [10-]20. Warsaw. Recommending to him the 
 business of Peter [sic] Symson. Signed Joannes Casimirus Rex. 
 Latin, p. Royal seal impressed. 
 
 SIR GEORGE DOWNING to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, July 11. Hague. "This place is at this time very 
 barren of news ; the treaty betweene the Ambassador of 
 Portugal and this State, which hath bin so many yeares in 
 hand, was upon the point of being concluded, but I have put 
 a little stop in the way of it, it not standing very well with the 
 present posture of affayres betweene England and that 
 crowne. De Ruyther hath bin a long while going with about 
 twenty saile for the Straites against the Turkes, but the truth 
 is they were unwilling to let him go untill they had theire 
 East Indie ships home, and sought which way the Earle of 
 Sandwitch went, but theire East Indie ships being now seven 
 of them come in which are valued at 700,OOOL sterling, and 
 onely two more expected and the Earle of Sandwitch being 
 gone towards the Straites, de Ruyther is fitting away also. 
 The treaty betweene his Majesty and this State is yet but 
 young ; his Majestys Commissioners having receaved two 
 projects from the Ambassadours of this State the last weeke, 
 they gave one to the said Ambassadours and no further as yet 
 is that businesse advanced. Sunday was a seaven night the 
 treaty betweene our King and the King of Portugal for the 
 mariage was signed by his Majestys Commissioners and 
 the Ambassadour of Portugal, and the King since that treated 
 the said Ambassador at dinner in the presence and as this 
 day the said Ambassadour intended to imbarque for Portugal. 
 His Majesty's second fleete for the Southward and a good 
 fleete for the Channel will be ready about the midle of July 
 old stile. ..." 1 p. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, July 12. Smyrna. By news-books just received, "wee 
 may guesse the Marques of Argyle's heade to be in the same 
 place where Montrose's was. Severall acts burnt by the 
 hand of the hangman. I pray God the publick disgrace of
 
 137 
 
 the Covenant (though I thinke it deserve much worse) begett 
 not bad bloud, for, as I may in reason conjecture, the greatest 
 feare in England of new disturbances is from the Presbyterian 
 pulpits. There is good hopes of peace with Holland, though 
 believed it would be better for our trade if they were beaten 
 into tearmes." It is confirmed that the Algier men-of-war 
 took six of our ships ; the greatest discredit to us that possibly 
 could be ; "to yeild up all their goods (being for strangers) 
 rather then fight a stroke. . . . Sixteen saile of frigatts are 
 coming out to force them to better conditions." 
 
 I am still at Mr. Arnold White's, for Consul Baker is so 
 confident of being re-admitted that he will not part with the 
 house, though half the rent is paid by the Company. It is 
 whispered that he means to make application " to some above 
 the Company," for which cause I have sent a copy of your 
 warrant to Mr. Sam. Bernardistone, to deliver to Sir Heneage 
 Finch if he shall see cause. 
 
 July 13. Consul Baker has summoned the factory to 
 communicate to them a letter from the Company. If the 
 Company proceed in a violent way, I fear they will get little or 
 nothing. 2| pp. 
 
 THE FACTORY OP SMYRNA to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, July 12. Smyrna. Acknowledging his letter and 
 warrant for displacing Consul Baker and appointing 
 Mr. Isaacson, to which they have all submitted, and enclosing 
 their proposals to the Company, which they hope will meet 
 with his Excellency's approval. 27 signatures. 1 p. 
 
 [Enclosure not now with the letter.} 
 
 FATHER BONAVENTURA DE BTJRGO, President of the Holy 
 Sepulchre to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, July [14-]24. Jerusalem. " The Most Reverend 
 Father Guardian of Jerusalem heareinge from Father Antony 
 Garlin, alias Pontanus, that your lordsipe cane much 
 prevaile and healpe us in Constantinople . . . hee dit com- 
 mande me to writte these fewe lines. Therefore I pray your 
 Excellence to macke the favour and grace for the Holy Lande 
 and for your poore countreman, as to healpe our Commissary, 
 whoe is called Father Ludowicke Flemengger, and he is alsoe 
 caplan of the Ambazador of the Roman Emperor. Milord, 
 your antecessor, Lord Bendishe, was greate benefactor and 
 friende unto all oure fathers heare and in Constantinople, 
 soe that continually he dit defende these holy places against 
 the Pathriarcke of the Greekes, whose [sic] wee have onely enemy 
 in these partes. ... I humble beseeche your lordsip to have 
 me excused that I wrotte the enclosed letter in Latine, for I 
 cannott writt in Englis soe welle, for there is foure and twanty 
 yeares sence I left England, and all the time sence I was in 
 Polande and Italic, where I had noe practise neither occasion 
 to speake Englis." 1 p.
 
 138 
 
 Enclosing : 
 
 A more formal request from the same, that his Excellency 
 will give his assistance to the above-named Father 
 Ludovick. In his apology for writing in Latin, 
 he calls English " Lingua materna." July 20, 1661. 
 Latin. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE KING. 
 
 1661, July 31. [Belgrade*]. " The blessed newes of your 
 Majestie's coronation, and the happy alliance betweene the 
 Crowns of England and Portugall, by the marriage of so incom- 
 parable a consort as your Majestic hath chosen, ... no 
 sooner arrived this station your Majestic hath fixed me in, 
 but I conceived so unimaginable a joy as was sufficient to 
 have transported my body as well as my desiers to the feet 
 of your Majestie's throne, to congratulate so much glory and 
 happinesse in your Majestie," did not your service enchain 
 me here. I have therefore despatched my steward expressly 
 with this letter " to let your Majestie know that there is one 
 heere, though at this distance and in this barbarous country, 
 that rejoices as much in your Majestie's prosperitie ... as 
 any of those whose zeale and devotion is enflamed by your 
 daily presence. And if your Majestie will bee but pleased 
 graciously to smile upon this message, which comes from a 
 long journey and a sincere affection, and some times to 
 cast a thought on your minister and subject here, it will bee 
 a strange cordial! to support my spirits, who can think no 
 place comfortable nor pleasant that is not blessed by an 
 immediate influence of your Majestie." Letter Book, p. 125. 
 i P- 
 
 THE SAME to QUEEN CATHERINE. 
 
 T 
 
 1661, July 31. " When I was designed on an embassie to 
 this place, good fortune in a storme drove mee into Lisbon 
 at a time when the happy nuptialls were treated betweene 
 my master's and your most sacred person. Even then I 
 prayed and laboured for the same successe, knowing that as 
 my master was the most incomparable prince of the world, 
 so there was no consort so worthy of him as such a princesse 
 as yourself, in whom God and Nature had bestowed all the 
 endowments to make you perfect. I cannot therefore at this 
 distance but send an expresse messenger to congratulate 
 such a conjunction of all good in one center. . . . And if I 
 may, though unknowne, long absent and farre distant, live 
 in your Majestie's knowledge and remembrance, your Majestie 
 will imitate the divine goodness, which measures not human 
 deserts by the frequent address of the body but by the 
 sinceritie and true affections of the worshippers." Ibid. 
 p. 126. | p. 
 
 * On the Bosphoms, about 12 miles north of Constantinople.
 
 139 
 
 THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA to THE PRIVY COUNCIL. 
 
 1 6G 1 , July 3 1 . Belgrade . Desiring such orders as may enable 
 him to negotiate for a free trade between Portugal and the Porte 
 (which he finds those of Portugal are well inclined to) ; urging 
 the matter of the umpirage, and complaining of the lack of 
 money for intelligence. 
 
 Prays their lordships to consider how, in case of a war 
 with Holland, the trade of the Levant may be preserved, 
 which must certainly suffer, if the same course be not taken 
 as the Hollanders do, by maintaining the trade with 
 considerable convoys. 
 
 The barbarity of the people, the loss of his dear daughter 
 by the plague, and the constant fury of that infection, would 
 alienate his affection from the place where he is, were it not 
 that he is content to be wherever his Majesty has been pleased 
 to put him. 
 
 Postscript. Has just heard of his Majesty's design against 
 Algier. Thinks it strange it was not communicated to him, 
 but has now taken what course the time permits, and hopes 
 " what breach soever happens shall give no disgust to this 
 Port." Letter Book, p. 126. 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1661, July 31. Belgrade. The death of his dear daughter, 
 taken from him by the plague, "the epidemical disease heere 
 of the summer season," has given him great reason to be 
 displeased with the country, but in order to serve his King, 
 his country and his own estate, he is resolved not to be dis- 
 couraged from the design ; doubting not but that five years' 
 banishment will fully restore his fortunes. 
 
 Prays that if, upon the settlement of the Queen's family, 
 any office may be procured becoming to his absent condition 
 and quality, his lordship will interpose on his behalf. This 
 is his only chance of success, as the King has never given 
 him any thing from his immediate hand, and he must needs 
 say he thinks it hard that he should be the only Ambassador 
 who receives nothing from his Prince. The French 
 Ambassador, employed here on the same terms as himself, 
 " besides his salary from the Levant Company, had also 
 his allowance from the King of 1,500/. yearly, which hi 
 twenty-three years time so enriched him that he departed 
 with a treasure of 60,OOOZ. sterling." 
 
 His game is now frugality, " and since the proifit of former 
 times in buying Jewells is not to be expected," he must 
 moderate his expenses, to which end he has reduced his family 
 " to that number as is neither too meane nor yet of too much 
 ostentation." 
 
 Postscript. The Grand Signer has 150,000 men on the 
 frontiers of Germany and Transylvania, and there still seems 
 a likelihood of war with the Emperor. " All the Bashaws of
 
 140 
 
 Greece are commanded to attend the Great Signior in this 
 expedition, and great preparations are making." Letter 
 Book, p. 128. 1| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD CHANCELLOR CLARENDON. 
 
 1661, July 31. Belgrade. " The place where I reside is 
 neither so remote nor so obscure but the fame of your 
 lordships good conduct and prosperous successe in the 
 management of his Majesties affaires hath reached common 
 eares, who stand in admiration of your lordship's wisdome, 
 and are filled with expectation to what height of glory such 
 solid and well grownded enterprizes may tend. Your 
 lordship's speech at the opening of the Parliament hi May 
 last, I have read, hi which there is such a conjunction of 
 rhetorick, policie and religion as becomes so great an oratour 
 and so wise a statesman, and by which I discover that series 
 (sic) and approaches your lordship made to every step of 
 his Majesties advantage, that I cannot but applaud your 
 advice for suppression of future rebellions at home and the 
 securing of us against enemies abroad, by the happy alliance 
 betweene the Crownes of England and Portugal!, that no 
 humane force can seeme to shake at present ; . . . which 
 makes me remember that friendly contest I had with your 
 lordship in Parliament, whilst we both strived for the interest 
 of our common Master, concerning the uniting Dunkirke 
 and Jaimaica to the Crowne of England, which being better 
 understood was [? as] I perceive since, by your lordship, as 
 then not seasonable to make so publicke a declaration, will 
 teach mee heere after to submit to your lordship's judgment, 
 and with an implicite faith to resigne my whole reason to the 
 determination of your lordship." If, when your lordship 
 has scanned my letters and proposals to his Majesty's Council, 
 you would be pleased to give me your advice, such as a son 
 might expect from a father, I should think myself happy 
 and infallible, as having my directions from so wise an oracle. 
 My present afflictions for the death of my dear daughter, 
 snatched from me by the plague, make me not to enlarge 
 further to your lordship." Ibid. p. 132. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, July 31. Belgrade. Stating that in view of the 
 probable war with the Emperor, he has " gained " the inter- 
 preter of the German Resident, who knows all the secrets 
 of that Court, and will give him knowledge of everything. 
 
 Thinks it very strange that he had no information of his 
 Majesty's designs against Algiers. Ibid. p. 131. p. 
 [Original letter in S.P. Turkey.} 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1661, July 31. Belgrade. I have sent my steward, 
 Knevet, expressly to congratulate his Majesty's happy
 
 141 
 
 marriage, my joy being such " that I think a hundred pounds 
 too little, when it can demonstrate my affections to the King 
 and revive my remembrance with him." 
 
 I pray you procure me the letters I desire from the King, 
 for a treaty with Venice is daily expected, and if I am not 
 provided, an ambassador from France may take up the office, 
 and so our King lose the honour and benefit. 
 
 I believe I might justly challenge the Order of the Garter 
 as due to my quality and my former services, "especially since 
 I see it bestowed on my Lord Strafford and others, with whom 
 I esteeme myself in all points equal " ; the greatness of my 
 charge deserves the honour, and it would give weight to my 
 negotiations in the Venice treaty. My friendship with the 
 Venetian Bailo, Balarino, daily increases, which you may 
 intimate to Angelo Corraro, the Venetian Ambassador. 
 
 In all things I desire to be ruled by your judgment, and 
 " can only find this fault with you, that you answer not the 
 doubts and importunities of your absent friends ; ... as if 
 wee that are at this distance were either dead or should never 
 returne." Letter Book, p. 123. \\ pp. 
 
 THE EAEL OF WINCHILSEA to THE VIZIER AZEM BASSA. 
 
 1661, July 31. Belgrade. Complaining of the piracies 
 still committed by those of Algier, in spite of his Excellency's 
 commands, and the friendly address to them from England. 
 Has advice that a strong and well-equipped English fleet 
 is about to enter the Mediterranean, and though the design 
 may be only against Spanish territory, yet it is to be sus- 
 pected " that the Algier insolencie may have provoked his 
 Majestic to take his due revenge." Informs him of the 
 King's intended marriage with the Infanta of Portugal, upon 
 such advantageous terms as will make him the most mighty 
 of all Christian princes, and may bring about a war with 
 Spain. Ibid. p. 130. 1 p. [Noted as translated into Turkish.] 
 
 THE SAME to SIGNOR MARC ANTONIO DOLFIN. 
 
 1661, July 31, O.S. Belgrade. Thanking him for kind 
 condolences on the death of his daughter. Italian. Ibid. 
 p. 124. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIGNOR SEBASTIAN MOLINO, hi the Seven 
 
 Towers. 
 
 1661, July 31. To the same effect. Italian. Ibid. p. 125. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Aug. 4. Aleppo. Giving news from England, viz : 
 the zeal of the Parliament, " endeavouring to outdo the 
 last;" the popularity of the King's intended match with 
 the Infanta of Portugal ; the despatch of ships to take
 
 142 
 
 possession of Tangier and Goa ; the removal of " several 
 prisoners " from the Tower to Newgate, in order to their 
 execution, and the beheading of Argyle. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE KESTG. 
 
 1661, Aug. 5. Zacharlichioi. The fame of your Majesty's 
 greatness having now reached the most remote parts of the 
 world, I have daily addresses from all sorts of Christians, 
 who hope that your piety may empower your Ambassador 
 to aid them. And thus I have received letters " from the 
 Fathers Guardians of the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem, 
 who, being at present oppressed more then in former times 
 by the insolencie and covetousnesse of the Turkes, know 
 not where to have recourse with more securitie then under 
 the protection of your Majestie's Ambassadour ; and therefore 
 have complained to mee of the extravagencie of two French 
 pilgrims, who committed such outrages upon Good Friday, 
 and offered those violencies to the priests for not praying 
 for theire King before the Emperour and other Kings, that 
 it is incredible to believe that the French heat should have 
 so much of phrenzie and madnesse in it." The Fathers pray 
 me to be vigilant that the malice of these persons do not 
 prejudice them at the Porte, and to obtain the confirmation 
 of those immunities (so long preserved inviolable) which 
 are now threatened to be invaded with the highest sacrilege 
 and profaneness. Knowing your Majesty's piety, I have 
 presumed to give a favourable answer to their request, being 
 careful to do nothing which may harm the Greek Church or 
 our own. Letter Book, p. 133. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to the Reverend Father EUSEBIUS VELLES, guardian 
 of the -Holy Land and of Mount Sion. 
 
 1661, Aug. 7-17. Zacherelichioi. Acknowledges his letter 
 and that of all the holy family, and assures his reverence 
 of his readiness to show his devotion to those holy places 
 by furthering their affairs at the Porte by his protection. 
 Is astonished at the fury and excesses of the two French 
 knights, outraging the Christian religion in the most holy 
 place, and on their arrival, will not fail to use his interest 
 (which is not small) to have them punished as they deserve. 
 As regards the affairs of the Holy Land, he prays his 
 reverence to send him a distinct list of their demands, and 
 he will then endeavour not only to preserve but to augment 
 their ancient and just privileges. Italian. Ibid. p. 134. 
 IP- 
 TEE EARL OF SANDWICH to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Aug. 8. O.S. Royal James, Bay of Algiers. I see 
 from a letter of your Lordship's that the Grand Vizir resolves 
 to detain at Constantinople the messengers coming from
 
 143 
 
 Algiers with their presents " untill our antient capitulations 
 with Algiers were confirmed, and my Lord O'Bryan should 
 be released. . . . Upon the 13th of June last, I came out 
 of London, and about a week or fortnight before that time 
 my Lord O'Bryan having his liberty was arrived at London 
 . . . but his servants as yet are unjustly detained in Algiers." 
 I arrived here on July 29, and proposed the articles which 
 I enclose. The Governor and Divan stumbled at the second 
 (that our ships should be free from searching) " and without 
 much considering the rest, sent me answer that they would 
 have noe peace with mee rather then admit that article," 
 and the next day, I riding with the fleet about a mile from 
 the town, and having offered them no manner of provocation, 
 they shot at us from all the forts the whole afternoon, killed 
 some men and damaged divers ships. We replied by bestowing 
 broadsides upon them for two or three hours, and "as we 
 hear by slaves that swam since unto us, we are not behinde 
 hand with them in killing their men and doeing damage to 
 their ships and forts " and the houses in the town. We have 
 waited vainly seven days for wind and weather to carry in 
 our fleet and the fire-ships to destroy the ships in the Mould, 
 hi which time they have made a strong boom of masts from 
 the Mould head to the Fish gate, and mounted more guns, 
 making the work very difficult and hazardous, so that we 
 resolve to desist from that attempt, and dispose ourselves 
 for annoying them at sea. A very good squadron will be 
 constantly plying between Cape Tunis and this Bay. I 
 myself am bound for Lisbon, by his Royal Highnesses com- 
 mand, where I expect to meet another fleet from England, 
 and hope to have the honour of escorting the Queen thither. 
 Signed. 2| pp. 
 Enclosing : 
 
 " Propositions for peace, tendered by the Earl of Sand- 
 wich to Algiers." 2| pp. 
 
 Also, Copy of the above letter by Paul Ricaut. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Aug. 8. Smyrna. Sympathising with the Earl upon 
 the death of his " dearly beloved lady Mary." 
 
 The fleet with the Earl of Sandwich, having left the Duke of 
 Ormond [sic], ambassador for his Majesty, in Portugal, thence 
 proceeded to take possession of Tangier, and so are designed 
 for Algier. Sir Thomas Bendishe is gone from Leghorn over- 
 land for England. There are two Quakers arrived here, on 
 the Zante, bound for Constantinople. They showed me a 
 proclamation and pass in their favour, but I told them it 
 signified nothing as to this place, and that unless they have 
 your Excellency's order, they shall not remove hence unless 
 to return from whence they came. 
 
 I have seen a letter from Consul Baker to Sir Wm. Vincent 
 and Sir George Smyth, " ray ling against your Excellency,
 
 144 
 
 tearming you the countenance! and encourager of faction. 
 ... If this man wrote in such a style before you outed him, 
 what can your Excellency imagine he hath since done ? " 
 
 It is by his means (as I have seen by another letter), that 
 your Excellency yet wants the additional allowance of 2,000 
 dollars. 
 
 In my opinion, Smyrna is no fit place for him to abide in 
 longer. 2| pp. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Aug. 10. Smyrna. Again sympathising upon the 
 death of Lady Mary ; and congratulating his lordship that he 
 has not only extinguished his (official) debts, but is "in the 
 way now to purse up something." 
 
 When Consul Baker received the letters from the Company, 
 it was rumoured about the town that they meant to re-instate 
 him. The Dutch consul, upon this, sent to congratulate 
 the good news, " for which, if it lye hi my way handsomely, 
 I shall be quitt with that Hogen Mogen* gentleman." I am 
 sure your Excellency might, if you told the Vizier that most 
 of the Dutch ships that put in here come directly from the 
 Venetian service. If they could meet with a handsome 
 check, there would not come so many, " to the detriment of 
 our shipping and ruin of the trade." 2 pp. 
 
 RICHARD BAKER to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, Aug. 12. Smyrna. " Since I am so infortunate 
 as to be in the displeasure of your Excellencie in such manner 
 as that your honnour vouchsafes nott to answere my last 
 letter, I am determined (though indisposed and dogge dayes, 
 and the plague being so greate there) to present myself most 
 humbly at the feet of your Excellencie, not doubting but 
 that you will receive me into your mercey." You cannot 
 conceive with what malice these men here have persecuted 
 me, every one of whom " I have as tender bowells of 
 compassion for as if they were my brothers." f p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, Aug. 14. Smyrna. Had all things ready, and him- 
 self about to put foot hi the stirrup, but want of sleep and 
 fever prevent him. Writes this in bed, but if God gives him 
 health, will still pay his vows to his Excellency. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, Aug. 20. Zacherelichioi. Has desired timely notice 
 of any design upon Algier that he may so represent it 
 that the Porte may not look upon it as a breach of the 
 
 * i.e. agent from the Hoogen Moogens (corruption of Hoogmoogende, high and 
 mighty, the title of the States General), as the English often called the Dutch.
 
 145 
 
 capitulations, and meanwhile, hearing report of such a design, 
 has preferred a complaint against the injuries suffered by 
 English subjects from pirates, hoping thus, in any case, to 
 prevent mischief ensuing. 
 
 Explains his proceedings in relation to Consul Baker, 
 whom he is sending to England to answer the charges against 
 him. Letter Book, p. 135. 1| pp. [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1661, Aug. 20. Zacherelichioi. As I have now an oppor- 
 tunity to forward the war between the Emperor and the 
 Porte, and am moreover, the only Christian ambassador 
 here, " I believe I have that share of matters of state hi my 
 hands which former English ambassadors in this place could 
 never pretend to ... and may deserve to be regarded as 
 one of a greater trust than the mere concernment of 
 merchandize and trafficke, and consequently to have other 
 encouragements from his Majesty, and allowances thereunto, 
 than the merchants' pension." The umpirage will but 
 bring glory to the King's crown, and the protection of the 
 French merchants is nothing but an honour to his Majesty, 
 but if I am to keep the scale even, and divert the Emperor 
 by any obstruction the Turk can make him, the King should 
 defray the charge, for nothing can be effected here without 
 presents and corruption, and with them " the whole Empire 
 may be commanded." But I am wholly naked, without 
 encouragement, instructions or money, " so that I beginne 
 sometimes to think I must be forced to sit downe and neglect 
 all the occasions whereby to serve my King and country," 
 and therefore, dear cousin, I pray you to make the Lord 
 Treasurer and the Secretary understand that I am the only 
 foreign agent in these parts who has not allowances or a credit 
 to raise money. I have lately been applied to from the 
 Guardians of the Holy Sepulchre to be their protector, and 
 to procure the punishment of two French gentlemen who 
 offered them insolencies in their church. Surely such important 
 negotiations require his Majesty's encouragement. I have 
 received but one letter from Secretary Nicholas (dated the 
 2nd of May), " a letter of very much civilitie and intelligence 
 of the common transactions," but I wonder he has not 
 advised me of his Majesty's design against Algier. I doubted 
 much whether to mention the matter to the Vizier, but, being 
 informed by a hand so authentic as yours, I have written 
 to the Vizier and sent a druggerman to the camp. [The 
 rest of the letter is in relation to the removing of Consul Baker.] 
 Ibid. p. 137. 4 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE GRAND DUKE OF TUSCANY. 
 
 1661, Aug. 20. Zacherelichioi. Congratulating him on the 
 marriage of his son, thanking him for allowing free passage 
 Wt. 29495. FI 10
 
 146 
 
 through his dominions to Mr. Bokenham, and recommending 
 to his favour " mio cogino Finchio " [i.e. Sir John Finch]. 
 Italian. Letter Book, p. 141. | p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD CHANCELLOR CLARENDON. 
 
 1661, Aug. 20. Assuring his lordship that, in regard to 
 Consul Baker, he has not acted from passion or malice, but 
 to vindicate the King's honour, impugned by reflections on his 
 ambassador, and to satisfy the merchants. If Baker be not 
 made an example of, the same factions will arise between the 
 merchants and the ambassador as in Sir Sackville Crowe's 
 or Sir Henry Hide's days, though indeed, in this case, four 
 fifths of the merchants are on his own side. Ibid. p. 142. 
 H PP- 
 
 THE SAME to THE PRIVY COUNCIL. 
 
 1661, Aug. 20. In defence of his conduct in removing 
 Consul Baker. Believes that as his Majesty's chief minister 
 in these parts, his power is unlimited where danger to the 
 merchants or other of the King's subjects is involved, and 
 in this case, was induced to a severity which ambassadors 
 have seldom had to exercise, by Baker's ignorance, nourishing 
 of factions, ridiculous behaviour, scorn of foreign nations 
 and neglect of the Company's interest. The merchants 
 importunately declared that their trade would be ruined 
 and their quiet amongst themselves dissolved, unless he 
 was removed. Has therefore sent a warrant for him to be 
 shipped to England. Ibid. p. 136. 1 p. 
 
 STEPHEN BASIL, Prince of Moldavia, to THE EARL OF 
 WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Aug. 20. Assuring his Excellency of his willingness 
 to assist him in all possible ways, and especially in regard 
 to some business unspecified. Signed in very elaborate 
 characters. Latin. 1 p. Seal, very deeply impressed on 
 paper. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD TREASURER 
 
 SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1661, Aug. 22. Zacherelichioi. The plague rages terribly 
 at Constantinople and in the camp, so that the Grand Signor 
 has left the army at Callipoli and removed with his court 
 into Asia, a thing not usual to the Turkish customs. " The 
 Turks do now generally fly and shew more feare than 
 formerly, for it is not to be imagined the great slaughter it 
 hath already made, and yet it increases daily. ... If God 
 preserves me alive, I shali, after it is over, give your lordship 
 such a relation as will not cause in you a little wonder. . . . 
 ' There is no question but that the Vizier hath resolved 
 uppon a great warre by land, . . . yet some do apprehend
 
 147 
 
 that the German Emperour, being alarummed by our Kings 
 greatnesse and match with Portugal! , will condescend to any 
 conditions, so as that he may bee able to assist Spaine." 
 The resident of Germany said so much to me (in effect) some 
 months since, but now, fearing I may excite the Turks to 
 that war, he has sent me word that his Csesarean Majesty 
 was resolved to keep a good correspondency with our King, 
 even though a war should happen between England and 
 Spain. This resident has great sums of money in gold, some 
 of which I kept for him when he thought the Turks would 
 have pillaged his house, and here any thing is to be done 
 by corruption, so that I have reason to be watchful least, 
 after all, this war turn into a league between the two 
 Emperors. Had I now fitting provision, there is nothing 
 my Master can desire but could be effected here, but the 
 Vizier is old and dropsical and cannot live a year, as the 
 doctors say, and if he die, all things will change, the interest 
 of other princes may prevail again, and France would send 
 another ambassador. I pray you, hasten the King's orders 
 how to bear myself concerning the Emperor, a Portugal 
 ambassador, and Venice. If the war against the Emperor 
 should be composed, I have secret information that the Vizier 
 intends to assault all the Venetian territories in Dalmatia 
 at once, in hopes that some one of them may fall into his hands. 
 It would be very prejudicial for the Turks to be masters of 
 a port in the Adriatic Gulf, within 70 or 80 miles of Italy ; 
 yet the Venetians are in despair of defending them all, or 
 even the city of Candia itself if twenty or thirty thousand 
 men come before it, as they easily may do. For this cause, 
 the old senators of Venice desire peace, and the Senate has refused 
 to promise the Emperor either money or the continuance of 
 their war ; " but the young nobility (being the major part 
 and who only get by warre) are doubted will obstruct peace 
 and bee too high in case a warre first happens with the 
 Emperour ; so that the wisest of the Senate wish for some 
 losse, that they may all seek peace before any new accident 
 should obstruct it." Letter Book, p. 143. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY. 
 
 1661, Aug. 22. Zacherelichioi. " That your Grace may 
 bee acquainted there is a house of the faithfull amidst the 
 enemies of Christianitie, and such as beleives the articles 
 and is obedient to the canons, and observes the regular 
 decency of morning and evening devotions, according to the 
 commands and prescription of the Church of England, I have 
 directed these presents, to make this publicke profession, 
 and as a sonne of that Church to submit myselfe to yonr 
 Grace, as next to his sacred Majestic the supreme governor 
 in ecclesiasticke affaires. 
 
 ' Though I was willing to leave my country upon the desier 
 I had of serving his Majestic in this honourable though remote
 
 148 
 
 embassie, yet the wishes I ever had to see our Sion flourish 
 and our Church in its auntient splendour and glory did some- 
 what abate that alacrity. ... I have alwayes entertained 
 a most reverend esteeme of our English prelates, who have 
 been so renowned for their learning and pietie, and therefore 
 am so farre from repining at theire recovery of theire antient 
 honours and restauration to Parliament, that I desier your 
 Grace to accept of this voluntary subscription as my owne 
 absent vote and assent for their admission ; whose presence 
 will hallow the House of Peeres, which have been by so many 
 acts prophaned and unblessed since their expulsion." Letter 
 Book, p. 145. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE BISHOP OF LONDON. 
 
 [1661, Aug 22 ?] On the same subject. Rejoices at the 
 restoration of the Church to her pristine glory, who, without 
 bloodshed or violence has risen like a phoenix from its ashes ; 
 and also that the House of Peers will now again be styled by 
 its ancient title of Lords spiritual and temporal. Laments 
 that he cannot confirm the good work by his vote, but, if it 
 please God for him one day to return home, will to his utmost 
 endeavour and power support that government of the Church 
 " aunciently received from primitive traditions." Ibid, 
 p. 146. I p. 
 
 THE FACTORY AT SMYRNA to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Aug. 29. Smyrna. Regretting that the Company 
 should be so prejudiced against them, and that his Excellency 
 gives credit to what is said. It is far from their thoughts 
 to " capitulate " with the Company their only intention 
 being to submit certain proposals to their consideration. 
 Signed by Adrian Death (treasurer), Joseph Edwards, Sam. 
 Pentlow, Arnold White, John Foley, Arthur Barnardiston, 
 Sam. Reynardson, Thos. Barnardiston sen., Samson Waringe, 
 Charles Edwards, John Chetle, Edward Strode, Jno. Hunger- 
 ford, Richard Smithsby, Thomas Lucy jun., Alexander Myers, 
 Richard Hardy, Sam. Boscawen, George Carew, Weymouth 
 Carew, Charles Brandon, Richard Carew, Richard Uvedale, 
 John Weld, Richard Noore, Richard Onslow, Thomas 
 Blechynden, John Temple, William Goodwin, Jos. Langham, 
 Thomas Farrington. 2 pp. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, Aug. 30. Smyrna. [The first part of the letter is 
 concerning dues and brokerage.] 
 
 When your Excellency's letters and warrant arrived, Consul 
 Baker was in the country, but the news of your order to 
 send him off was soon divulged (by the bearer of the letters). 
 " My lord, the bird is fled, but whither I cannot tell, 
 though believe hee is protected by the Dutch Consul. . . .
 
 149 
 
 Probably by this means the conveniency of these ships here 
 may bee lost, and then the fox will againe unkennell. In the 
 interim I shall give Sir Heneage Finch an account of all," 
 and order all proof to be given to him. Your Excellency's 
 warrant for the Quakers shall be obeyed. Your other warrant 
 (as to Baker) was to try fair means, and if that would not 
 prevail, to use rigour. " I attempted in a civill manner, 
 and he promising to give mee answer, hath forfeited his 
 parole, and left me now only in a capacity, if eer I light on him, 
 to be as severe as possible. His flight argues his guilt, and 
 if hee remaine close in hopes to have confirmation or re- 
 admission, I thinke hee must have more than usuall recom- 
 mendations to persuade your Excellency to yield to it." The 
 house he had usually belongs to consuls, but he has taken 
 it in his own name, so I shall not take possession without your 
 order. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD CHANCELLOR CLARENDON. 
 
 1661, Sept. 2. Zacherelichioi. Sending him a copy of 
 his previous letter despatched by his steward, as he hears 
 that the latter is sick on board his ship, and fears it may 
 be the plague, and prove fatal. 
 
 Postscript. For intelligence refers him to the enclosed. 
 [Perhaps the paper of Sept. 4, below. The postscripts of letters 
 were often added, at a later date.} Letter Book, p. 149. \ p. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 1661, Sept. 2. Has nothing with which to trouble his 
 lordship, until he receives instructions from England to 
 proceed in the negotiations which he has so hopefully begun. 
 His lordship will perceive by the intelligence enclosed that the 
 treaty between the two Emperors is broke out into a war, 
 perhaps forwarded by those " who, at present, are not fit to 
 own it." Ibid. p. 149. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, Sept. 4. Zacherelichioi. Common tongues here 
 report nothing but a war. If this happen, it will cause the 
 imprisonment or retirement of the Emperor's resident, to 
 supply the defect of which (it being necessary for the Austrian 
 interest not to want a minister here) I am told that efforts 
 will be made to introduce an ambassador or agent from 
 Spain, who would transact the German affairs, and give 
 wounds and frequent assaults to diminish the power and 
 honour my master hath here, and destroy the English trade 
 by a league with this Porte. His Majesty now beginning 
 to extend his dominions in the Mediterranean sea, becomes 
 a dangerous neighbour, and they may think by this new 
 league to abate the English trade. Also if the Spaniard 
 were free from fear of Turkish invasion in Italy, he could
 
 150 
 
 withdraw forces thence to invade Lombardy, while Turkey 
 could make the longed for assault on Venetian territories. 
 Thus I believe a Spanish ambassador will certainly be 
 introduced, unless opposed by vigorous action on my part, 
 in case of war ; while in case of peace, the reputation and 
 friendship the German Resident has here, seconded by his 
 master's purse, and that of the King of Spain, will make him 
 " stand in a strong competition" with me in this place, where 
 even the very Empire itself might almost be bought and 
 sold. The French and Venetian ambassadors have always 
 opposed the admission of a Spanish minister with all their 
 power, as in the case of Allegretti (about fourteen years since), 
 and their chief weapon was money ; by which they made his 
 entry impossible save at a rate which Spain then thought 
 too dear. The same, I doubt, must be my game, and a 
 provision of money from his Majesty is the only means to 
 frustrate our adversaries. A Portuguese ambassador here 
 would fortify my power, and his counsel and assistance 
 with money would relieve me in my consultations, and also 
 would support the English interest if I were to fall (as it may 
 please God) in this common pestilence. I shall not want 
 the assistance of the Venetian ambassador, and though he 
 has not much power, and can contribute little money (the 
 Senate being impoverished by so long a war), yet his long 
 experience here may make him not a little useful. But till 
 I receive instructions and credit, I can only be vigilant to 
 observe all that passes, and try to keep the balance even, 
 and give a check to the various confederacies, though, without 
 money, I cannot defeat them. Letter Book, p. 150. 2 pp. 
 [The original letter is in 8.P. Turkey, but it is given here 
 at considerable length, as showing Winchilsea's position at 
 this time.] 
 
 INTELLIGENCES. 
 
 [1661, Sept. 4. Zacherelichioi.j The latter end of July, 
 the Grand Signer and his army left Constantinople for 
 Adrianople. The plague raged so violently in his camp 
 (seven or eight hundred a day dying of it) that he had thoughts 
 of going to Magnesia in Asia, but hearing of the ill success of 
 affairs in Transylvania, decided to march to Adrianople. 
 
 Aug. 21-31. Pera. The Prince of Wallachia writes to 
 his father at Constantinople that the Turkish army had 
 retired towards the upper parts of Buda, after some skirmishes 
 with the Imperialists. 
 
 Aug. 24. The plague has continued in and round 
 Constantinople for three months, " in which time it hath 
 made that slaughter as is incredible," and the Greeks and 
 Turks ; flying into the country, have infected the villages. 
 
 Having lost my daughter by this "disconsolate disease," I 
 fled from my house at Yerlique to Belgrade, and the infection 
 coming thither, again altered my station to Zacherelichioi,
 
 151 
 
 where yesterday one died, but as my wife hourly expects her 
 delivery, I can only put my trust in the providence of the 
 Almighty. 
 
 Aug. 28. Varadin, it is feared, may be regained by the 
 Transylvanians, and a great action was expected betweed the 
 Turks and Hungarians. The Queen Mother has been impor- 
 tunate with her son not to go to Adrianople " by reason of 
 the fury of the plague," desiring him earnestly to return to 
 Constantinople . 
 
 Sept. 4. The plague rages so horribly at Constantinople, 
 that though three fourths of the city was burned last year 
 (and not much of it rebuilt) and the court and army are 
 absent, " there are carried out of Adrianople gate only, 
 1,700 dead bodies a day. It is esteemed the most prodigious 
 contagion that was ever heard of." Letter Book, p. 147. 1| pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Sept. 7. Aleppo. I have received expresses from 
 the agent at Spahaune of June 15, and the President of 
 India, from Surat of April 15, both concerning the East India 
 Company's affairs. 
 
 The agent at Spahaune tells me that the King of Persia hath 
 so wasted his treasure that he could not raise any considerable 
 army if he needed it. He desired to make a small hunting 
 progress, but the poverty of his Court was such that they 
 could not accompany him. Yet their pride and outward 
 bravery are not at all abated, and all imaginable mischiefs 
 are practised to maintain it. Justice is asleep, oppression 
 reigns over all, especially over the poor Christian inhabitants, 
 who " are frequently induced to apostacy," to escape from 
 their great burden ; and if strangers at Spahaune have to try 
 the justice of that Court, " they must either buy it or go 
 without it." 
 
 The Dutch are more puffed up than before by their taking 
 of Macassar ; though it will yield nothing, and must be main- 
 tained at a great charge. " They raigne in the south seas at 
 pleasure, and have most part of the trade thereof in their 
 owne hands. The Spice Ilands of Malacas and Banda, &c., 
 with the trade of Japon and China, are wholly theirs. . . . 
 Last yeare the saile of their goods did amount to above 
 200,000?." 
 
 If our East India Company must (as is believed) seek their 
 right to the half customs of Gombrone by force from the 
 King of Persia, it is believed the Dutch will leave no means 
 unattempted to frustrate them " for they will not easily be 
 hindred from so great and profitable a trade as that is to 
 them, and principally for the vent of their South Sea, Japon 
 and China commodityes." 
 
 The Portugalls in India are "not only subjected to the 
 Dutches pleasure, who block up Goa six months in the yeare 
 . . . but the Arabs of Muscatt doe yearely take vessells of 
 great value from them."
 
 152 
 
 The King, Orang Shaw, now the Great Mogul (formerly 
 called Orang Zebe) has got into his hands the eldest sou of 
 his brother Dara Shaw, " so that there only remaines out of 
 his possession his eldest brother, Sultan Sooje and his eldest 
 son, Sultan Bung, who are fled for Pigu. He would faine 
 entice his father, Shaw Jahaun, out of Agra Castle, and after- 
 wards reside there himself, but the old Mogull his father is 
 resolute, and sent him word that if he would cutt him off, 
 he might, but he would not leave his prison." 2 pp. Seal 
 of arms. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Sept. 9. Smyrna. I have made the strictest search 
 for Consul Baker, but in vain. I am told he lies close, in 
 hopes of letters from his Majesty, building his hopes on some 
 friendship with Mr. Ashburnham, but I hope the application 
 to Sir Heneage Finch will do his business for him. The 
 Smyrna Factor departs in three days, and if the Consul appears 
 afterwards, I know not what to do with him, for I would 
 not be at the trouble of keeping him prisoner unless you 
 require it ; but I desire your warrant to inhibit our nation 
 from converse with him, and a command to the Caddee to 
 search any houses suspected of entertaining him. 1| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1661, Sept. 12. Yarlique. I have already at large told 
 your lordship how the advantages here put into my hand 
 by Providence were like to slip away, because " the slowness 
 of the despatch at home cannot runne so fast as to overtake 
 the flying opportunities of this country," so subject to change 
 as that " he that to-day is raised from the dunghill and exalted 
 to bee Vizier Azem, is perhaps degraded to-morrow, strangled, 
 and his body cast naked from where he was taken. . . . These 
 alterations do often non-plus great statesmen heere, . . . 
 but experience hath taught others a better game, to keepe 
 a faire and freindly correspondence with all persons who are 
 in the way of preferment, presenting them with ordinary 
 toyes in theire meane condition, and some little respects of a 
 more than usual freindship, by which they are so endeared 
 (the Turks being in such cases naturally gratefull) as to 
 remember it afterwards in the highest and ultimate point of 
 their greatnesse. This is the Venetian Bailo's maxime, and 
 it hath been mine too, with no ill successe." The Vizier, 
 as I told you, is very old and crazy, and I shall never have 
 the same power with any other, " for his tyrannic and injuries 
 to other nations have engaged him to a kindnesse towards 
 the English interest," lest he should raise a general combination 
 of all Christendom against him, and with instructions I 
 could have done miracles. 
 
 The Secretary will have communicated to you the design 
 to introduce a Spanish ambassador here. It would be well to
 
 153 
 
 consult with the Venetian resident in London, who, I believe, has 
 had advice thereof from his Senate, " with no small apprehension 
 and terrour of the ill consequences it will bring to the republick." 
 I have sent one of my druggermen to Adrianople, and in 
 case of imminent danger, should venture to act and to dis- 
 burse money, charging bills upon your lordship which I pray 
 you to satisfy. Letter Book, p. 153. 2 pp. 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Sept. 12. Whitehall. This is to acknowledge yours 
 of the 1st and 20th of April, and the 14th of May. I formerly 
 sent to you by way of Vienna, but now that the war (as we 
 hear) begins to be so hot between the Emperor of Germany 
 and the Grand Seigneur, I dare not adventure any more that 
 way. I hope your lordship will not be necessitated to go to 
 the war when the Grand Seigneur himself goes, for that I 
 much doubt it will be very inconvenient for you. I herewith 
 send you a collection of the occurrences of these parts, and 
 also the King's seal, " whereof you are to make use in such 
 extraordinary occasions as former ambassadors in that place 
 were wont to do, and not on any ordinary busines. 
 
 " The parliament is to meete here about the 20th of 
 November next, when it's generally believed there wilbe 
 much donne for the settling of his Majesties revenue, and in 
 other affaires importing the good of the kingdom, which the 
 shortnes of tyme would not permitt to be donne before the 
 late adjournement. The parliament in Ireland met the 6th 
 of this moneth, and all things there proceede very well and 
 much to his Majesties satisfaction. . . . 
 
 " As concerning the business of the Kinges mediacion to 
 make a peace betweene the Venetians and the Grand Seigneur, 
 my brother Secretarie tells me he hath written to you some 
 tyme since his Majesties pleasure therein, but what it is I 
 know not, and shah 1 therefore say nothing to you on that 
 particular. The Dutchesse of Somerset, and all that noble 
 family are (God be praysed) hi very good health, and my 
 lady Jane Dungarvan is breeding. ... I perceave your 
 Lordshipp may be mistaken in your intelligence concerning 
 the warre betweene the Emperor and the Grand Seigneur, 
 for all letters from Germany say the warre in Transilvania 
 and those partes growes every day more hott and feirce then 
 other, and that there is small hopes of peace there. Wee 
 have as yet noe certeine advice what successe the Earl of 
 Sandwich had at Algiers, but the merchants from Marseilles 
 write that there hath bene some fight betweene parte of his 
 Majesties fleete and the pirates of Algiers, but mencion 
 nothinge of the successe." Holograph. 2| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE KING. 
 1661, Sept. 13. Yerlichioi. Informing his Majesty of the birth 
 of a son who is to be dedicated only to his service ; to which
 
 154 
 
 end, and that he may be engaged not only " by the common 
 nature of a subject and the inherent loyalty of his parents " 
 but "by as many endearments of relation as his present 
 tendernesse and innocence are capable of," his Majesty is 
 prayed to vouchsafe " to make him a Christian." Thus he 
 would be bound at the font in strongest vows, as he could 
 never perform his promises to God without an entire 
 resignation to his Majesty's commands and would bear his 
 name as a badge and remembrance of his duty. Letter Book, 
 p. 157. \ p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, Sept. 13. On the same subjects as that to the Lord 
 Treasurer of Sept. 12, above. Ibid. p. 155. \\ -pp. [Original 
 letter in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE EARL OF SOUTHAMPTON to his brother-fin-law] THE EARL 
 OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Sept. 14. Southampton House. " I believe from 
 many handes your lordship might understand the evidence 
 of the good affections and wisdom of the late Parliament 
 (yet continued and to meet againe in November) in asserting 
 the great rightes and prerogatives of the Crowne in the 
 Militiae, and for securing his Majesty's person, making even 
 wordes treasonable, if proceeding from an ill designe, and 
 asserting these and other things, even against the authority 
 of the two Houses, which you know was the ground of our 
 late unhappy warres, and I hope what in this kind is now 
 past hath pluckt up such doctrines by the root, and had we 
 had tyme, or rather had we not in this conjuncture supposed 
 it fitter to declyne pressing for taxes, I beleive we had had 
 a fuller coffer then now we enjoy, which you know is 
 very natural for a Treasurer to complaine of. Our 
 affaires in Portugal and at Algier (which last we are yet 
 hearkning after, the lame post that brings the true newes 
 not yet being arrived, and the successe thereof, at least as it 
 wil be interpreted by your great Emperor, will in a great 
 measure governe your pretences in that Court) you are soe 
 nigh that you can heare sooner than we. ... I am glade to 
 finde your lordship soe active and find all point at two soe 
 good things as the Kings honor and your owne repaire of 
 fortune, soe as I hope your services for the Crowne will 
 recompence what your loyalty to it brought upon you ; and 
 in both these ends, your lordship may assure yourselfe my 
 interest here shall advance your concerne there. I observe 
 the Venetian Embassador's answere to you was, as very 
 respective soe very cautious, which probably wilbe more 
 free now that the French Embassador is retired, and his 
 masters interest in that Court dayly appeare soe inconsiderable.
 
 155 
 
 If his Majesty (by Mr. Secretary's conferences with the 
 Venetian Resident here) receive any encouragment to offer 
 his umperiges, I will endeavour to have a power lodged in 
 your lordship's handes which you may make use of as there 
 is occasion, and it wilbe an evidence of your lordship's good 
 judgment if you use it not, without ther be a great probability 
 of effecting somewhat that shalbe worthy such an appearance 
 of his Majestys. My next shall acquaint you what progresse 
 I make." Signed. 1 p. 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Sept. 15. St. Demetrius. After holding some con- 
 sultation with Dr. Marcellini, I have this morning been 
 to wait upon the [Venetian] Bailo, telling him that I was 
 sent in your Excellency's and my lady's name " to desire 
 the favour of him to do that act of charity in the place of 
 the Prince of Venice to bee Godfather to your lordship's 
 young sonne, and to joyne himself with his Majestic of 
 England in that Christian office." He received the proposi- 
 tion with a great deal of complacency, and is ready to perform 
 the office whensoever you command. 
 
 " The plague, God be praised, is much abated, not a third 
 part so many dying of that disease as before, being now 
 turned to agues and malignant fevers." 3 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIGNOR GIOVANNI BATTISTA 
 
 BALARINO. 
 
 1661, Sept, 16-26. Yarli-chioi. Thanking his Excellency 
 for kind congratulations on the birth of his little son, and 
 for his promise to come in person [to the christening]. Italian. 
 Letter Book, p. 158. | p. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Sept. 17. Smyrna. I have sent all the papers con- 
 cerning Consul Baker to Sir Heneage Finch, " though I conceive 
 the said Consul's flight, or rather lying close, will be to 
 reasonable men sufficient argument." All my labours to 
 find him have been fruitless. 
 
 [Concerning brokerage, &c.] I have not had a court since 
 your Excellency's last letter, but have acquainted the factory 
 of your kind reception of their voluntary oath. If the Company 
 be not hoodwinked, they will see the benefit they make by 
 the allowance of half duties to the factors, for I have sent 
 them a calculation showing how little the factory have gained 
 while the consulage is advanced double. I hope, for your 
 Excellency's honour, that the displacing of Baker has redounded 
 to their benefit, for I am confident that neither by fair means 
 or foul would he ever have brought the factory to it, though 
 I believe your Excellency will win them to a willing compliance. 
 I desire however to have your warrant to menace those who 
 yet remain obstinate.
 
 156 
 
 I am confident that Baker and his abettors (who are but 
 few) have been severe against me into England, but the 
 assurance of your protection and my resolution to be service- 
 able to the Company makes me go on cheerfully, or if needs 
 be, resign willingly, knowing that none will have any true 
 occasion to rejoice at my dismission. 2 pp. 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Sept. 18. Pera. Concerning his son's christening. 
 
 As to the order of the table, Doctor Marcellini is of opinion 
 that being in an obscure village, much state will not be 
 requisite, and that it will be well to have a large table, " at 
 the upper end your Excellencies both to sit ; at some distance 
 from thence the rest of the company. . . . The Doctor him- 
 self desires to be excused for being present, because his 
 occasions will call him another way." 
 
 Postscript. The doctor now tells me the Bailo will be at 
 Sareri on Saturday early, so we must make haste with our 
 business. Signer Georgio and Mr. Hiett will meet him there. 
 Provision of fish must be made for two meals. Andrea, the 
 apothecary, will come himself with his sweetmeats. .4 pp. 
 
 THE FACTORY AT ALEPPO to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, Sept. 18. Thanking him for exposing himself to 
 danger by going to Constantinople about their affairs when 
 the contagion was so great. 24 signatures. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to his Serene Highness THE PRINCE 
 
 OF VENICE. 
 
 1661, Sept. 22. Zacherichioi. God having been pleased 
 to comfort him for the loss of his daughter by giving him a 
 son, he has without delay procured a promise from his 
 Excellency Signer Balarini to stand as godfather in the name 
 and place of his Serene Highness, together with his Britannic 
 Majesty, so that nothing now remains but to offer grateful 
 thanks both to his Highness and his minister. For we do 
 not owe more to those who give us birth than to those by 
 whom we are made Christians. What happiness then is it to 
 have a son who will bear the name of Mark in token that in 
 time to come he will fight bravely under St. Mark's banners, 
 and who will be thus dedicated to the service of the Republic, 
 as to that of the altar. He will also bear the name of Charles, 
 and the union of these two will be a happy omen for a lasting 
 faith. Latin. Letter Book, p. 158. \ p. 
 
 THE DUKE OF ORMOND to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Sept. 27. Whitehall. I received your lordship's letter 
 of June 26 on the 6th inst.. and return you my most hearty 
 thanks for that demonstration of your affection. 
 
 Sir George Lane will tell you what passed at the Council 
 Board upon your letter to the Lords. If any way I can 
 serve you, I shall cheerfully embrace the occasion. Signed. 1 p.
 
 157 
 
 SIE GEORGE LANE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Sept. 27. Whitehall. Stating that his lordship's 
 of June 24 has been delivered to the Council by the Duke [of 
 Ormond] and fully considered by them. Sir Edward Nicholas 
 and Sir William Morris, being present, assured his Majesty 
 that they had given his lordship a full account of all things 
 necessary to enable him to proceed in his negotiations. 
 Excuses himself from acceding to Winchilsea's request for a 
 correspondence with him, on the ground that all matters 
 can best be answered by the principal Secretaries of State. 
 Signed. 2 pp. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, Sept. 28. Smyrna. " I should think it strange 
 that Consul Baker should write your Excellency, but 
 that of late his pen is habituated to it. Of intention to wait 
 upon your Excellency, or his indisposition contracted by 
 your displeasure against him, for certainty I should have heard 
 of it ; ... as for his indisposition, I believe it was magis 
 animo quam cor pore, and that not so much for any past but 
 feare of future displeasure." I cannot yet learn where he is, 
 nor do I much desire it while there is no English ship in port. 
 I p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1661, Sept. 30. Pera. Recapitulates the contents of 
 former letters. Believes the Venetians will be compelled 
 to give up Candia. The French urge them to resistance but 
 afford no help, and the Spaniard is watchful only of his own 
 advantages. If the Venetians were to maintain the fortress 
 for thirty years, the Turks would wait with patience, and in 
 the end " behold the Republick bankrupt and destroyed." 
 
 If he could mediate the treaty with Venice, it would be 
 of no small benefit should his Majesty bring his fleet into the 
 Mediterranean, and in case of a war with Spain, the Venetians 
 might " arm against Milan, and so divert the forces of Spain 
 from attempts against England." 
 
 Concerning the christening of his son. The godmother is 
 " my lady Duchess " [of Somerset], as on other like occasions. 
 Letter Book, p. 161. 3 pp. [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, Sept. 30. Pera. Is rejoiced at the continued success 
 of his Majesty, and much encouraged that his letters have 
 given satisfaction. 
 
 As regards his allowance for intelligence, he did not desire 
 it in order to send " diaries of the common transactions " 
 the reports of which he knows fly faster than he can send 
 them, but to have a narrow inspection into the negotiations 
 of Christian princes at this court, and discover their secret
 
 158 
 
 designs. This cannot be done without spies, and spies cannot 
 be got without money. As regards peace or war, believes 
 the winter will pass quietly, but that next summer there will 
 be a rupture. Letter Book, p. 164. 2 pp. [Original in 8. P. 
 Turkey.] 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to COUNT LESLY, Gentleman of 
 the Chamber to the Emperor, and Governor of Slavonia. 
 
 1661, Oct. 1-10 [fitc]. Pera. " Your lordships of the 18th July 
 came to my hands but on the 5th of October. ... I have 
 heard so much of your lordships fame by common and 
 perticular reports, and the deserved preferment of your 
 lordship by his Csesarean Majestic . . . that I cannot but 
 with all affection returne my salutes to your lordship, 
 accounting that penne or reporte happie that first brought 
 you notice you had a servant heere." Being at present far 
 from the Court, I cannot give you such good intelligence 
 as the German resident, whose prudence, discretion and 
 punctuality will omit nothing worthy your lordship's 
 information, only I cannot but acquaint you " of the strange 
 slaughter the pestilence hath made this summer through 
 this whole empire, which hath raged with that fury as if it 
 would have destroyed the whole human race. . . . The 
 massacre hath been so generall that the armed bands of all 
 Christianitie could not have done halfe the execution as the 
 invisible arrowes of the contagion." Ibid. p. 166. 1 p. 
 
 Enclosed in a letter to the German resident, at Adrianople, 
 praying him to forward it. Italian. \ p. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Oct. 4. Smyrna. A Ragusean vessel has been 
 ordered by the Jew merchant that freighted her, to put herself 
 under the protection of the French. " Formerly all strangers 
 came under the English, but Consul Prideaux in his tyme 
 refusing to protect one, and the St. Giuseppe being seized on, 
 and our shipps of late surrendering so easily to the Algier men, 
 hath made them seeke out where they conceive they may 
 be most secure." 
 
 Perhaps his Excellency might move the Ragusean 
 ambassador in the matter. The ship's name is the Madonna 
 di Conceptione e St. Antonio di Padua. 1^ pp. 
 
 ANTHONY BOKENHAM to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, Oct. 7. London. Mr. Russell (now Bishop of Cabo 
 Verde, &c.), has returned from Lisbon with the ratification, 
 but brought no answer to your letters* from the Queen Mother. 
 He says that Portugal desired to be included in our peace with 
 the Grand Signer " not for trade sake, but for reputation 
 
 * Probably concerning an ambassador. See endorsement of letter.
 
 159 
 
 and securitie from piracies." As regards your lordship's 
 business, I do not let him suspect that you have any motive but 
 your respect for that Crown, and I do this the rather " because 
 of the grandezza I perceive he lately assumes, whether for 
 Cabo Verde 's sake (whence at every word he is greeted, even 
 by the Lord Chancellor himself, with title of lordship) or 
 that the King hath promised (an honour he much boasteth 
 of) to receive his Queene from his hand, or both, I know not." 
 
 As to your lordship's expectation of an augmentation 
 from the Levant Company, the displacing of their Consul 
 hath so altered them that you can at present hope for no 
 extraordinary kindness. Your lordship's actions at Smyrna 
 are represented as subserviency to a faction, the presents 
 made to you looked upon as bribes, your letters to persons 
 of quality here as the making of a party, and your recom- 
 mendation of me as "an art to supplant my successor." 2 pp. 
 
 Endorsed on the covering sheet : " Concerning the sending 
 an ambassador hither from Portugal." 
 
 THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, Oct. 19. Pera. His fears of a Spanish ambassador 
 begin to vanish, for the quarrel between the Emperor and 
 the Porte becomes hourly more difficult to reconcile, and 
 the German ministers " endeavour rather the securitie of their 
 own estate here, and to purchase it with Spanish monies, 
 than to think of new designs for others." 
 
 Believes that the complaints of those of Algiers will prove 
 vain, as the chief ministers at Adrianople all seem to think 
 that they deserve punishment. 
 
 Consul Baker is fled. The French send no new ambassador, 
 and the late one will probably not advise it until this Vizier 
 is dead, " who hates both him and the French nation." 
 Letter Book, p. 167. 2 pp. [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Oct. 21. Whitehall. I have received yours of July 31, 
 and wonder not yet to find any notice of your receipt of any 
 of mine. This bearer, whose indisposition hath retarded 
 my despatch some weeks, will give you his Majesty's seal, 
 which I shall not need to tell you is to be made use of only 
 in cases of necessity. As to your lordship's complaint that you 
 had not more timely notice of his Majesty's designs for Algiers, 
 I refer you to mine of the 10th of May and 27th of June, in 
 the former of which (long before it was thought fit for it to be 
 commonly known) I gave you an intimation of it, and in 
 the other a full account of his Majesty's resolutions and the 
 Earl of Sandwich's commission. " And as for the wonder 
 that your lordship seemes to make that you have not power 
 to mediate betweene the G\rand] Signor and Venice,* your 
 
 * The words in italics are in cipher, but a decipher is attached to the 
 letter.
 
 160 
 
 lordship's wonder seemes very strange here, for when by his 
 Majestie's command I had spoake with the Resident of Venice 
 concerning it, hee seemed very cold and desired no order 
 might be sent to your lordship till hee shall understand his 
 master's mind therein to whom hee hath wrote concerning it. 
 
 " The Earl of Sandwich is at present with some part of the 
 fleet at Lisbon, haveing left the rest to crosse before Algiers, 
 where wee expect the late disorders happened by the death 
 of their chief e (who was stabbed upon a mutiny of the people) 
 will facilitate the obtaining of our demandes. The forces 
 to be sent to Tanger under the command of the Earle of 
 Peterborough are marched downe towards Portsmouth, in 
 order to their embarking ; and the ships designed to fetch 
 the Queen from Portugal! will be ready to follow them very 
 shortly. There happened here a fortnight since, at the entry 
 of the Ambassador Extraordinary from Sweedland, a sharpe 
 contest between the French and Spanish Ambassadors coaches 
 about precedency ; severall persons, their servants, were in 
 the quarrell killed, many wounded, and the Spanyard 
 remained master of the place ; which hath so irritated the 
 French Court that it is imagined a breach may follow between 
 those two Princes, notwithstanding all their other tyes of 
 amity and relation. Things remaine very quiett and peace- 
 able here, as well as in Scotland and Ireland, which wee 
 hope the Parliament will take care to provide for att its next 
 meeting, which is to be the 20th of the next month. The 
 treaty with the States proceeds very slowly, and wee are 
 now upon one with the Sweed." Holograph. 2 pp. Two 
 fine seals of arms. 
 
 SIR JOHN NICHOLAS to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Oct. 21. Whitehall. The bearer of this will deliver 
 the seal you desire, with supporters to it, which is more than his 
 Majesty's signet hath. But as for the bed, the Master of the 
 Great Wardrobe [Sandwich] being upon the employment your 
 lordship knows, it will be no easy matter to procure one. If 
 after his return you think fit to insist on it, you shall not want 
 my endeavours. Your lordship's want of knowledge of Lord 
 Sandwich's design was not out of neglect, but in obedience 
 to the commands of secrecy. " Though that place was found 
 much better fortifyed then was expected, yet we hope the 
 riding of the fleete under Lawson before their port, will bring 
 them to as good termes as they formerly granted to the 
 Usurper. The Earl of Sandwich is at Lisbone, whence we 
 shall expect our Queene about two moneths hence, all 
 particulars being fully adjusted for the mariage. The Earl of 
 Peterborough is to go speedyly with 3,000 men to take 
 possession of Tanger, which place the Portugais resign up 
 to his Majesty upon this marriage ; and I wish it may be 
 of that advantage to this nation that some expect. The 
 alliance between this Crowne and Denmark is renewed more
 
 161 
 
 strictly then formerly ; that with Sweade is neer a conclusion, 
 but the treaty with the States of Hollands Ambassadors 
 proceeds slowly. The pretensions of our East India Company 
 to satisfaction for losses in the Indys is the great remora to 
 it. His Majesty hath at present only these Ministers (besides 
 your lordshipp) abroad ; the Earl of St. Albans, Ambassador 
 Extraordinary in France, Sir Richard Fanshaw, Envoye 
 Extraordinary at Lisbone and Sir Geo. Downing at the Haghe : 
 there is no agent or ambassador from his Majesty in Spain 
 or Flanders, Sir H. Benet being returned and made Keeper 
 of the Privy Purse to his Majesty. Here was lately a contest 
 (wherein severall persons were slaine and wounded on both 
 sides) between the French and Spanish Ambassadors about 
 precedency at the entry of the Sweedish Ambassador into 
 this place ; the Spanyard though inferior in number got the 
 place, which hath so warmed the young French King, that 
 he seemes to threaten the breach of the late concluded Peace 
 between those two Crownes in revenge for the affront, 
 unlesse his Queene's intercession prevaile to the contrary, 
 who is now expecting every moment to be brought to bed. 
 Since Cardinal Mazarin's death that King hath shewed his 
 activity and ability s far beyond expectation, and his 
 proceedings with Monsieur Fouquet his Surintendent des 
 Finances hath gained him a great reputacion in the world : 
 And if he put his finances into that good order, which it's said 
 he intends, he will grow more formidable than any King of 
 France hath been these many ages. 
 
 " Our Parliament meets againe the twentieth of the next 
 moneth, wherein the great busines wilbe the setling of his 
 Majesty's revenue, which we believe wilbe made much greater 
 then the income of any of his predecessors. ..." 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE GRAND MASTER OP 
 
 MALTA. 
 
 1661, Oct. 21-31. Pera. Stating that one Roger Fowke 
 has received notable injury from corsairs sailing under the 
 flag of Holy Religion, and that he is constrained by the petition 
 of the said Roger to appeal to his Eminence's great benignity 
 to do him justice, that the chief lords of the Holy Religion 
 may not aggrandize themselves by plundering a nation with 
 whom they have maintained for many years a close corres- 
 pondence of peace and friendship. 
 
 Is quite satisfied that the nation will never have cause to 
 lament over the least injury received from the arms of St. 
 John. Letter Book, p. 171. Italian. % p. 
 
 THE SAME to IBRAHIM BASSA of GRAND CAIRO. 
 
 1661, Oct. [21 ?]. Recommending to his protection the 
 ruined estate of the English Consul and nation under his 
 
 Wt. 29495. FI U
 
 162 
 
 dominion, who have been violently oppressed and injured 
 by his predecessors in that government, but who, he hopes 
 will now enjoy justice and defence under his Excellency's 
 noble and generous spirit. Letter Book, p. 171. p. 
 
 THE EARL OP WESTCHILSEA to THE VIZIER AZEM. 
 
 1661, Oct. 24. Offering condolences and regrets on the 
 death of his father, the late Vizier, but rejoicing that he has 
 been succeeded by a son who will (he believes) inherit his 
 father's virtues and " continue a favour for his friends, and 
 prize them whom his discerning eye knew best to esteeme." 
 Ibid. p. 172. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE RICE CATAPH or Lord Chancellor.* 
 
 1661, Oct. 24. On the same subject. Does not fear any 
 loss of privileges hitherto enjoyed. Ibid. p. 173. | p. 
 
 Also a like letter to the Chachayah [qy. the Cheya Bey, i.e. 
 official steward] of the Vizier. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Oct. 24. The agent at Spahaune having failed " to 
 procure satisfaction of the King of Persia for the half duties 
 of Gombroone which belong to the English East India Company, 
 in a fair and peaceable way," another course was intended. 
 He had taken his leave of that Court, and was going for India. 
 From India the only news is that the remote factories there 
 have received the joyful news of his Majesty's restoration, 
 which has occasioned great rejoicing among them. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to ANTONIO PERONE, his 
 druggerman, at Adrianople. 
 
 1661, Oct. 25. I see that the Vizier Azem is dead and that 
 his son has succeeded him, and that the other ministers are 
 settled in their places, especially the Chechyah and Reis Effendi,* 
 but as this country, more than any part of the world is subject 
 to changes, before giving presents we will see these lords 
 firmly settled with probability of continuance ; but mean- 
 while, that none may take offence, and to satisfy the officers 
 expecting presents, you may proceed as follows. 
 
 Deliver the letters to the Vizier, Reis Effendi and Chechyah 
 of the Vizier with compliments upon the son's succession, and 
 the continuance of the officers in their old posts. 
 
 In the best way you can, excuse the delay of the presents. 
 It cannot appear a new thing because, on similar occasions, 
 our predecessors have put off audience for more than six 
 months ; but if the officers are so pressing that the presents 
 can no longer be delayed without offence, then you may 
 demand of the Vizier his reply to our letters, procuring under 
 
 * Winchilsca explains Reis Cataph [i.e. al CuttabJ and Reis Effendi as 
 Chancellor. The true meaning is Chief Secretary.
 
 163 
 
 his hand an invitation for me to come to Adrianople, and 
 after that has been despatched three or four days, you may 
 begin to negotiate concerning the provision I ought to receive 
 from the Grand Signer, such as has been the custom with my 
 predecessors and the Polish and German ambassadors on 
 like occasions ; in the meantime providing me a good house. 
 
 I have to-day received news that our fleet is before Algier, 
 with 22 great ships of war, which have begun to batter the 
 city and to burn the ships. The issue is not yet known. 
 The report cannot fail to arrive here in a few days, therefore 
 it will be necessary to go again to the Vizier Azem, to renew 
 our complaints against those barbarians, saying that they 
 have taken six English merchant vessels without regard to 
 our capitulations with this Porte, and after the arrival of this 
 merchant fleet, being desired to make peace on good and 
 reasonable conditions, had refused to give satisfaction upon 
 these terms, with scorn and contumacy against the authority 
 of the Grand Signer, as being a people independent of 
 him, and outside his protection. You must inform the Vizir 
 and the rest of all these things, praying them not to take it 
 in ill part if this insolence is punished by the arms of my 
 prince, although we do not yet know what has happened since 
 the arrival of our fleet. On the arrival of the Cheya Bey, 
 pay him a visit on my part, and manage all things very secretly 
 in this conjuncture, when I confide much in your good and 
 skilful management. Letter Book, p. 174. Italian. 1| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINOHILSEA to THE RESIDENT OF THE 
 EMPEROR. 
 
 1661, Oct. 25. Pera. Thanking him for congratulations 
 on the birth of his son, and stating that by letters from 
 Christendom it appeared that war was not declared between 
 England and Spain, but that affairs inclined the rather towards 
 peace. Ibid. p. 175. Italian. p. 
 
 THE LEVANT COMPANY to THE FACTORS OF SMYRNA. 
 
 1661, Oct. 25. London. Sending a copy of their last.* 
 " And now wee expect the oathes sent by us bee duely 
 administered there ... on penalty that any factor refusing it 
 shall not bee further employed there, and that any principall 
 employing him in the mean time shall pay the broke of 20 per 
 cent, on his goods." Ships' masters refusing shall be no further 
 employed by the Company. Are sending out treasurers to 
 Aleppo and Constantinople and desire Samuel Taylor to 
 enter upon that employment at Smyrna, to whom 
 Mr. Death is to deliver up the accounts and balance. 
 Attested copy. 1 p. [Entered in the Company's Letter Book, 
 but dated Oct. 28. See Cal. S.P. Dom., 1661, 1662, p. 126.] 
 
 * Probably their letter of Oct. 21, in favour of Baker, and refusing to 
 acknowledge Isaacson. See Cal. S.P. Dom., Charles II, 1661-1G62, p. 117.
 
 164 
 
 THOMAS STANTCXN* to THE EAEL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 1661, Oct. 26. Aleppo. "Your Excellence being placed 
 by his Majesty in these parts for the government and protection 
 of his subjects, I have now assumed the boldnesse to make 
 this addresse unto you, your unspotted loyalty and your 
 noble, generous minde giving me full assurance of your favour 
 and care for the very meanest of his Majestyes and your 
 Excellencye's servants. My lord, my case is this. In the 
 yeere 1643 I entered into his Majestyes service in Sir Arthur 
 Aston's regiment of horse, where my first preferment was 
 Cornet, then Lievetennant, and afterwards, the regiment 
 being given to Sir George Bunckley, my Captain had occasion 
 to leave the service and left mee also in command of the 
 troope. After the warre was ended in '46, I returned back 
 into Suffolke, which is my country, and there continued till 
 '49 in hopes of an opportunity of doing his Majesty further 
 service. But then his affayres beeing reduced to that desperate 
 lost condition and the tyranny and oppression of the rebells 
 growing furious and insupportable, I did by the advice of 
 some friends apply myselfe to merchants affayres, and by 
 their favour setled myselfe in Spaine, from whence, after 
 three yeeres residence there, I did remove myselfe, and by 
 Sir John Fredericks and some other friends incouragement 
 came hither, and am now here setled in an employment inferior 
 to noe mans upon the place. Your Excellence may have 
 taken notice that in his Majestyes additions to the Companies 
 Charter there is one clause that none but sonnes or servants 
 of freemen of the Companie shall have liberty to reside as 
 merchants or factors in any part of the Grand Signiors 
 dominions or Seigniory of Venice. At that age when I might 
 have beene bound to a merchant, as before related, I was 
 in armes for his Majesty, which prevented it. And now the 
 Consul heere and some others at home, who, in the late 
 rebellion gave but little evidence of their loyalty to his Majesty, 
 doe intend to make use of this clause for the ruine of my 
 employment, resolving if possibly they can effect it, to send 
 mee off the place. This Sir John Frederick beeing sensible 
 of, and to prevent it, sent mee out an indenture dated the 
 10th December, '55, signed and sealed by himself, . . . 
 and ordered mee if any question were made of my 
 freedome I should produce that indenture, wherein I was 
 bound to him. The Consul pressing it hard upon mee in 
 Court to declare to whom I was bound, I accordingly produced 
 my indenture, to which noe man had anything to say, and 
 hee is prevented at present from doing mee any mischiefe. 
 But since, hee hath indeavoured privately to stirre up men 
 against mee, telling them hee is very confident it is only an 
 
 * Apparently the Thos. S taunt on of Horringer or Staunton, Suffolk, who, 
 in 1646, compounded on Farringdon Articles for having been a major of horse 
 for the King, paying a fine of 1G(M. See Col, Committee for Compounding, 
 p.
 
 165 
 
 act of favour of Sir John Frederick, and that they ought 
 to looke after their priveledges, and propounded to have mee 
 put upon my oath, which I refused, telling him hee had noe 
 power to administer any such oath, soe hee is forct at this time 
 to sit still. But I have good information that hee hath 
 written to Mr. Pennyng the husband [sic] who is my enemy, 
 and to severall others to use some meanes to examine the 
 businesse at home, and if it bee possible for them to effect 
 it I shall assuredly bee sent home, which will bee a totall 
 ruine to my employment. His Majesty could never meane 
 that his favour to the Companie should extend to the 
 undoing of those loyall subjects who had served him in his 
 warres." 
 
 I therefore humbly pray your Excellency to acquaint his 
 Majesty with the case, and procure his command to the 
 Company that all who have served him or his late Majesty 
 in their wars may be admitted freemen for as small a charge 
 as any, or that they may enjoy abroad the same privileges 
 as sons or servants of freemen. In the interim I further pray 
 that you will send me privately an order to the Consul not 
 to give me any disturbance until his Majestys pleasure be 
 known, this order to be used only hi case of need, and the 
 whole business kept private, especially the passage concerning 
 Sir John Frederick, as "I would not by any means give 
 Sir John any disgust, beeing soe much obliged to him. 
 
 " We are very sensible here of your Excellencyes justice 
 upon the Consul of Smyrna, and hope it may deterre ours 
 from proceeding in his unworthy designe of dividing us into 
 factions. His late practises in it have been soe palpably 
 discovered that hee will scarce bee able to effect it, noe man 
 in the factory now believing a word hee speakes. But honour 
 is not to be expected hi a mungrell, who hath beene in with 
 all those who were uppermost, and was employed by Cromwell 
 in severall occasions. I wish his time were out, and some 
 honest, loyall gentleman sent hither." 
 
 On the 19th packets came from the Indies both to him 
 and to the Dutch. The latter sent theirs off by express to 
 Scanderoon, for a French ship ready to sail, and arrived in 
 time ; the Consul would not be at the charge of a special 
 messenger, but sent his packet by a French messenger going two 
 days later, which arrived too late. The contents are believed 
 to be of importance, and " it may possibly have a bad effect 
 that the Dutch letters are gone forward and the English not, 
 and although hee bee of a Dutch race, I cannot bee soe severe 
 as to conclude hee did it in their favour, but certainly it was 
 a very great neglect. His Majesty may often have occasion 
 of sending and receiving packets this way . . . and if, in 
 respect of my former service, your Excellence shall thinke 
 mee a fit person to bee recommended for that trust, it shall 
 be discharged with all immaginable care and fidelity." 
 2 pp.
 
 166 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL OF WINCHTLSEA. 
 
 1661, Oct. 26. Smyrna. Consul Read advises that our 
 frigates appearing before Algier were shot at, which was 
 answered two for one, so now we are at open defiance, of 
 which you may make the best advantage by first complaining 
 to the Porte. Signor Georgio and Mr. Hiett will tell you 
 how Sir Thos. Bendy she addressed himself to the Vizier in 
 a case of the like nature, when General Blake fell upon them 
 at Tunis, so I will not presume to speak further of it. Consul 
 Baker has so far prevailed on the Company by his plausible 
 letters that they seem to approve of all he does or writes 
 (this being before they knew he was displaced), and they 
 have prayed his Majestj^ to send off this place Mr. Arnold 
 White and Mr. Sam. Pentlow, upon the bare and false infor- 
 mation of the Consul against them. I hear also that they 
 mean to pray his Majesty to desire you " not to side with 
 the factory," against the said Consul ; esteeming the common 
 good no otherwise than as it tends to their own purposes. 
 But those so unhandsomely dealt with " have still confidence 
 that these vapours will vanish when they in England are 
 made sensible how busie the said Consuls penne hath bin 
 against your Excellencie." 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHLLSEA to ANTONIO PERONE. 
 
 1661, Oct. 31. Desiring him to tell the Vizier that matters 
 make it necessary for the ambassador to come to Adrianople, 
 and to pray him to give orders to the Caimacam [his deputy] ; 
 but to do this in such manner that the journey may be delayed 
 for a month or two, as may suit with his plans, yet that 
 the order may be ready if needed. He is then to demand 
 fitting provision, but if he finds difficulty therein, is not to 
 stretch the cord too tight. After despatching the order, he 
 need not get ready a house or order the chous [steward], until he 
 receives further instructions. Letter Book, p. 11 6. Italian. %p. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Nov. 1. Smyrna. Prays his Excellency to chastise 
 the " few obstinate ones " who still remain refractory (as 
 regards swearing to their entries), chiefly, he believes, out of 
 malice to Mr. White and Mr. Pentlow, because they were 
 so forward to swear. 
 
 Mr. Clarke, " our minister," endeavours, amidst all these 
 broils, to deport himself as a mediator, " and though he hath 
 had some unhandsome provocations, yet hee conceives it 
 more suitable to his function to leave revenge to God 
 Allmighty ... for which cause he humbly entreates your 
 Excellency to excuse him from being brought upon the 
 
 . 3 1 _ C3 O L 
 
 stage. 1 p.
 
 107 
 
 THE EARL OP WINOHILSEA to ANTONIO PERONE. 
 
 1661, Nov. 10. I see by yours that you have not altogether 
 understood mine of Oct. 25, for my directions were to renew 
 our complaints against those of Algier, and to inform the 
 Vizier of the arrival of our fleet, without saying anything of 
 the issue, which I said was uncertain. However, the mistake 
 being made, there is no help for it. I now send you a letter 
 for the Vizier, saying that they of Algier had plundered many 
 English merchant ships, regardless of our capitulation with 
 the Grand Signor, and that in consequence of the petitions 
 of our merchants, my Prince has sent a fleet to demand 
 satisfaction. On the arrival of this fleet, the city began to 
 fire cannon against them, on which the English repaid them 
 in the same coin with small damage to the city, but since 
 have taken two or three vessels of Algier on the open sea ; 
 and that this is all that has happened. Also, I have said 
 that I thought well to give this intelligence to his Excellency 
 to forestall evil tongues, hoping that he will compel the 
 barbarians to make peace with us on good and fair terms ; 
 and that my master could not do less, seeing that they had 
 said to me in Algier, with unsupportable insolence, that they 
 considered themselves independent of the Grand Signor ; had 
 treated with us separately, and in times past, had carried on 
 a war with us, without any regard to this Porte. All these 
 things you may discourse of with the Vizier and the others 
 whenever you have opportunity. 
 
 I hope you have already got my order to repair thither, 
 in such manner that I may delay my journey if I prefer ; 
 So you can say to the officers that in a short time I am coming 
 in person or, if not, will send the presents. 
 
 You may provide a house furnished with necessary things 
 at so much the day, so that I may not need to carry goods 
 from hence ; make some small provision of wood and see that 
 it is all clean and wholesome at my arrival. Letter Book, p. 176. 
 Italian. 1J pp. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1661, Nov. 11. Pera. Sends a copy of his letter to the 
 Secretary, and prays for his countenance against Baker. 
 
 The town is full of the English attempt upon Algier, which 
 was well known before the news came to himself from his 
 correspondents in Italy. Thinks that in a matter of such 
 importance, advices should have been sent him, either from 
 England or the Admiral of the fleet, and is sure that " in 
 Cromwell's time, upon the like exploit at Tunis, an expresse 
 was sent to the Ambassadour heere before others had the least 
 notice or suspicion of it." Ibid. p. 181. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, Nov. 11. Pera. The plague being abated, I have 
 returned here, but the death of the old Vizier has given a
 
 168 
 
 fresh interruption to my work. It is strange that he should 
 be Vizier for five years and die in peace on his bed, and still 
 more strange that his son should succeed him, supplanting 
 so many ancient and experienced Bassas. He follows his 
 father's rules, and seems to hope to overawe the world by 
 his severity. " Some heads of great men which his father 
 disposed of by will, he hath alreadie taken off, and others 
 . . . remaine in the black list of his father's testament." 
 He is as proud and cruel as his father, and has strength to 
 put in execution his rigorous laws, so that the people applaud 
 the father's clemency, who only chastised them with scourges, 
 but this with scorpions. The late Vizier prescribed certain 
 maxims to his master, the Grand Signor, as not to hearken 
 to the counsel of his women, to amass wealth by keeping his 
 subjects poor, to be always on horseback, and to keep his 
 armies in motion. 
 
 There are great difficulties for the new Vizier to encounter, 
 for Mortazza, Bassa of Babylon, threatens high, and the 
 Spahis or Turkish horse are said to be marching for Adrianople 
 in defiance of the Vizier's orders. Letter Book, p. 179. 
 [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1661, Nov. 11. Pera. " . . . The newes of that fame 
 and immortall glory you have newly acquired to our family 
 by your incomparable reading hath flowne to Constantinople, 
 where I am confident, were the Tiirks but capable of your 
 language [they] would be so charmed by your tongue to wish 
 theire legislative power in you and gladly be civilized by 
 your eloquence. ... I cannot believe that amongst all those 
 honours and laurells are conferred on you, you will forget 
 your friends at Constantinople, whose interest, with yours, 
 are engaged in the same bottome, so that to my owne con- 
 cernements I remaine secure and satisfyed of your vigilance." 
 Ibid. p. 182. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE VIZIER AZEM. 
 
 1661, Nov. 11. Pera. Informs him of the proceedings 
 of the British fleet at Algier, and hopes that he will compel 
 the people there to a peace, which he doubts not the King 
 his master will embrace upon reasonable terms. The people 
 of Algier boasted (when he was there), that they were 
 independent of any. and in former times made peace and 
 war without any regard to the Most High Porte. Ibid, 
 p. 183. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to JONATHAN DA WES. 
 
 1661, Nov. 11. Pera. Thinks the succession of the new 
 Vizier a fitting time to renew the capitulations, as the same
 
 169 
 
 presents will serve for both occasions. He must go to 
 Adrianople, but this he ought to do in any case, to become 
 personally acquainted with the new ministers, and it may 
 save his having to follow the Court to Belgrade. If the 
 Algier pirates come to complain, and there is none to make 
 defence against them, the Turks might issue such orders as 
 would require a much greater sum to procure the revocation 
 of than will cover the cost of his journey, especially as the 
 French, Dutch and other nations all greatly " aggravate 
 the action of the English at Algier." Letter Book, p. 178. 1 p. 
 
 CHARLES II to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Nov. 14. Court at Whitehall. Desiring him to 
 intercede with the Vizier on behalf of one Patrick Simpson, 
 a Scottish merchant hi Poland, whose goods have been seized 
 by the Prince of Moldavia, and who is repairing to Con- 
 stantinople in hopes of procuring redress. Sign Manual. 
 Countersigned by Lauderdale. Seal. 
 
 M. BARON, French Consul, to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, Nov. [15--J25. Aleppo. Thanking his Excellency 
 for kindnesses received during his visit to Constantinople. 
 Arrived at Aleppo five weeks ago, but is still suffering 
 from a fever taken at Cyprus. French. 1 p. Signed. 
 
 THE FACTORY AT SMYRNA to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, Nov. 16. Smyrna. Approving of his Excellency's 
 intended visit to Adrianople [on the grounds given in 
 Winchilsea's letter above], and agreeing (although they are 
 nearly 4,000 dollars in debt) to advance their quota of the 
 expences, hoping that Constantinople and Aleppo will do 
 the same. Signed by Adrian Death, treasurer, Joseph Edwards, 
 Arnold White, Sam. Pentlow, Arthur Barnardiston, John Foley, 
 Alex. Myers, Samuel Taylor, Richard Onslow, Ph. Davies, 
 John Weld, John Chettle, Jos. Langham, Thos. Laxton, 
 Thos. Farrington. Richard Hardy, John Temple, George Carew, 
 Sam. Boscawen, Weymouth Carew, Robert Pennyng, William 
 Goodwin, Richard Carew, Charles Brandon, Richard Hodges, 
 Edward Strode, Edward Allen, Richard Smithsby, Sam. 
 Reynardson, Tho. Barnardiston sen., Charles Edwards, 
 John Hungerford, Richard Uvedale, Thos, Blechynden. 2 pp. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, Nov. 18. Smyrna. Thinks that an example should 
 be made of one of the factors who remain obstinate, and 
 knows none who " deserves it so much as Mr. Richard Langley,
 
 170 
 
 hee being the most peremptory man of all the factory, and 
 one that presumes his father's greatness and interest in the 
 Company will bear him out, in whatsoever he does." Neither 
 he nor Mr. Coventry have signed any of the letters sent to 
 his Excellency. The town is full of reports that Consul Baker 
 is to be re-established. 2i pp. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Nov. 23. Smyrna. " The Swedes Embassador 
 landing at Tower Wharf e, his Majesties coach was sent for 
 his reception. The Spanish and French embassadors sending 
 theires, upon Tower hill begun a hott dispute, insomuch that 
 the Spanish rapier was too long for the French, and therby 
 three of the French coach horse and postillion killed and six 
 other men. What this will produce tyme must discover, his 
 Majestie beforehand forbidding both their going that day, 
 being jealous that there would be some quarrell for precedency." 
 
 I am advised that the letters giving notice of Consul Baker's 
 being displaced have reached England, and the Company 
 are so inflamed that they have voted me " for ever incapable 
 of serving them in any office, or to receive a penny for the 
 tyme of my being here." They have likewise voted Consul 
 Baker's re-establishment, although Sir Heneage Finch told 
 them it would much redound to your Excellency's dishonour. 
 I must appeal for vindication to you, who made me consul 
 here and to whom I have given exact accounts of my 
 proceedings. They have voted that a factor here shall act 
 as vice-consul until their letters reach your Excellency. 
 I believe you will assert my innocence, for whatever votes 
 are passed against me are only for my obedience to your 
 commands. 2 pp. 
 
 [THE DUCHESS or SOMERSET] to THE SAME. 
 
 [1661], Nov. 26. Essex House. " My lord, I have latly 
 had the hapines to receive divers letters from your lordship. 
 That which you sent by the way of Poland I receaved about 
 three weeks since from a Scotchman that lives in the citie, 
 and hee said it was sent to him out of Poland by a cuntriman 
 of his. Your lordship's seale was broken and it was sealed 
 again with a little seale of hard wax ; and hee wrote that the 
 Prince of Moldavy sealed it, and that hee met with it by 
 chance that sent it ; but his frend tould mee that hee thought 
 that the prince did allso opon it. But I perceive hee hath a 
 ' piege ' to him, becaus hee would have had mee writen to your 
 lordship in his behalfe that sent it (called Patricke Simson) 
 who hee saith that prince hath injured. That letter was 
 very sad and gave mee much trouble for our great losse, and 
 feare for your great danger (but God bee praised you have 
 scaped it). Some few dais affter that, I receaved your letter 
 from Marceilles, whearin I found your great care for the
 
 171 
 
 conveying of my deeds safe (that you had executed) wherein 
 you oblige mee much, and 1 have acknowledged the favour 
 long since and few dais affter that I receaved a short one 
 which came in the shipe with the fine present you had sent 
 mee, which was only of that concerne, and some ten dais 
 since I receaved that of the 13th of September which brought 
 me the good newes of my daughter's safe delivery and your 
 intention concerning the crisning, and in that and one that 
 I receaved since of the 27th from the secretary you mention 
 a letter to his Majestic to bee enclosed hi my first which I have 
 not receaved. I find by your last that my daughter was 
 then in as good a condition as was possible, and the child 
 allso strong and well, notwithstanding the great hassards 
 and often chang of nurses, which is great joy to mee, and 
 [that] you have made so grat a crisning and geven so good 
 reason." Holograph. 2 pp. 
 
 THE FACTORY AT PERA AND GALATA to THE EARL OF 
 
 WlN CHELSEA. 
 
 1661, Nov. 27. Pera. Requesting the Earl to " take the 
 trouble on him of a journey to the Court," which they believe 
 will tend to the public benefit, and the prevention of many 
 mischiefs. Signed, William Hiett, treasurer, Robert Frampton, 
 John Bonithon, Chris. Lowther, Andrew Bendyshe, 
 Wm. Pearle, Fras. Dryvet. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1661, Nov. 28. Pera. Sends a relation of the last mortality, 
 to satisfy his lordship's curiosity, and to show the hazards 
 he himself undergoes for his Majesty's service. Begins his 
 journey in a few days. His letter to the Secretary will show 
 the state of his affairs. Letter Book, p. 186. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAQE FINCH. 
 
 1661, Nov. 28. Praying his assistance to get better terms 
 from the Turkey Company, by using his rhetoric to persuade 
 the merchants of the reasonableness of his demands. Need not 
 furnish arguments to one who has so large a stock of reason 
 and eloquence at his command. Ibid. p. 187. 1 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, Nov. 28. Pera. Complains of his treatment by 
 the Company, and prays that his Majesty will summon the 
 Governor before him, and threaten to recall his ambassador 
 if right be not done him. 
 
 Hears that Venice has offered Candy to the Kings of Spain 
 and France, and that the latter is arming "what possibly he 
 can." Ibid. p. 184. 2 pp. [Original in S.P. Turkey.]
 
 172 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR GEORGE DOWNING, Envoy 
 
 at the Hague. 
 
 1661, Nov. 28. Pera. Expressing his pleasure that the 
 King has ordered a correspondence between them, and giving 
 a brief sketch of the position of the various ambassadors at 
 the Porte since his arrival, to show how necessary it is that 
 his Majesty's interests should be guarded there. 
 
 The death of the Vizier, " the ablest and faithfullest minister 
 that ever served this Empire," obliges him to go to Adrianople, 
 especially to prevent any misunderstanding from the late 
 attempt at Algier. The present Vizier follows his father in 
 his rigour and tyranny, " and bends his thoughts only to 
 make a warre uppon Germanic." The Holland resident has 
 not had the good manners to pay him a public visit, which 
 deserves to be taken notice of by his masters. Letter Book, 
 p. 189. 1| pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE EARL OF SANDWICH. 
 
 1661, Dec. 2. Pera. Thanking him for his letter and 
 informing him of the steps taken to prevent a misunder- 
 standing with the Grand Signor, in relation to the affair of 
 Algier. Ibid. p. 191. 1 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, Dec. 3. Pera. Congratulating him on the great 
 honour fallen to him in the convoy of the Queen to England. 
 Hopes that her Majesty may chance to remember one who 
 laboured, amongst the rest of her true servants, to bring 
 about this blessed conjunction, and prays his lordship to put 
 her in mind of him. Begs him also to say what the King of 
 Portugal's present resolution is, as regards an ambassador 
 to the Porte. Ibid. p. 193. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, Dec. 4. Is starting on the morrow for Adrianople. 
 Has received a letter from the Earl of Sandwich, giving a 
 perfect relation of his proceedings at Algier, which has 
 arrived very opportunely before his departure towards the 
 Court. Ibid. p. 190. p. 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Dec. 5. Whitehall. I have received yours of the 
 4th, 13th and 30th of September, and am glad at length to 
 find that some of mine have come to your hands. My last 
 was by Mr. Hedges, treasurer to the Company there. " Since 
 that, the Parliament, according to adjournment, mett here 
 the 20th past, with vigourous resolucions of loyalty and
 
 173 
 
 affection to his Majestys Service ; and the next morning the 
 first thing the House of Commons fell upon was to vote an 
 immediate present of 1,200,OOOJ. for the supply of his Majestys 
 present affaires, particularly the expences of his Navyes ; 
 which generous effect of their zeale hath given a great 
 reputation, as well as a reall assistance and aid to his Majestys 
 affaires at home and abroad. The next day they concluded 
 upon the way of raising that summe, which is to be by a taxe 
 of 70,OOOZ. per mensem. In the next place they called before 
 them such of the late Kings murtherers as were exempted 
 from pardon and remaine prisoners in the Tower, in order to 
 have the lawe passe upon them, a Bill being committed for 
 that end. They are at present upon the Bill for the settle- 
 ment of the Militia, and have already resolved to raise twelve 
 hundred good horse for the publicke security on all emergencyes, 
 which they will constantly maintaine at the publicke charge. 
 All things continue well and quiett here, notwithstanding the 
 inveterate malice of the phanaticks and the old violent 
 presbiter ; but 'tis believed this excellent Parliament will in 
 good time take a round course with both, in a faire way towards 
 which the Episcopall government is setled in Scotland, and 
 severall Scotish Bishops are to be here consecrated the next 
 Sunday ; that nacion for the most part being wearied out with 
 the imperious insolences of the Presbytery. This weeke the 
 ships designed to bring over our gracious Queen sett sayle 
 for Portugall, as also those other that carry over the Earle of 
 Peterborough and 3,000 foot and 100 horse under his command 
 for the garrison of Tanger. Wee have of late had no newes 
 from our fleet in the Streights, save that part of them crosse 
 before Algiers, to secure our trade and vexe the pirates ; and 
 that the rest were towards the mouth of the Streights with 
 the admirall the Earle of Sandwich. Concerning what your 
 Lordshipp offers for a mediation between the Grand Seigneur 
 and the Venetians, I told you in my last how the Resident of 
 that State here had desired it might be suspended a while, 
 till he could know his master's mind in that point ; however 
 I will take care that a power be sent you by the next safe 
 conveniency, to be made use of by your lordshipp if there 
 shall happen an occasion. As to the allowance your lordshipp 
 desires for the procureing and entertaining some ultimate 
 intelligence amongst those that manage affaires there, I have 
 moved in it, but find the King's occasions for money so great 
 and many as I despaire of prevailing ; especially since it is 
 an expence not usually brought upon his Majesty by your 
 lordshipp's predecessors in that place; but I shall be ready 
 to give my best assistance in it, upon your lordshipp's addresse 
 to those that have the management of money es here. The 
 Spanish Ambassador (the Baron de Batteville) is still here, 
 though the report be, that he is shortly to roturne for Spaine, 
 and Dr. Steph. di Gamarra to succeed him here. Signed. 
 Seal of arms. 2% pp.
 
 174 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL OF WINOHILSEA. 
 
 1661, Dec. 7. Smyrna. Most of the factory are full of 
 discontents, and some not very well pleased at what your 
 Excellency wrote. After reading the Company's letter, I 
 declared that I was placed here by your command, and when 
 you pleased to revoke me would most willingly resign, it 
 being much to my prejudice to act for those who entertain 
 such hard thoughts of me. 
 
 " Mr. Taylor, whom they would have vice-consul, is a 
 person I love and honour," and most willing to submit to 
 what your Excellency requires. If all men had been of his 
 temper, I should not have had such unjust measure from the 
 Company. 
 
 Mr. White and Mr. Pentlow, not finding their names 
 mentioned in the Company's letter, nor hearing of any order 
 for their being sent off the place, are resolved in three days 
 to set forward to wait upon your Excellency. 1| pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1661, Dec. 11. Smyrna. You will have seen, by the 
 Company's letter of Oct. 21 to the factory that they have 
 interdicted those who petitioned your Excellency from sitting 
 or meeting about their affairs, because they made an appeal 
 to you without the Company's licence ; so that if a consul 
 here should betray the merchants to the Turks, or commit all 
 manner of evil, " the factory must first write home to them 
 before they can complaine here, and, in the interim, be involved 
 in misery and trouble." The factory owns your Excellency 
 for the supreme authority in Turkey, and if making an appeal 
 be so heinous a crime, and they may not have their votes in 
 court, I know not how they will be able to raise moneys (unless 
 the gentlemen who have not been guilty of petitioning will 
 do it) for any occasions. The character and reward they 
 give me for my service, I refer wholly to your Excellency's 
 consideration, but my -comfort is that " at the same tyme 
 theire letter was read, when dirt was throwne in my face 
 before the whole factory, Providence had taken care that 
 your Excellencyes letters should arrive, to vindicate my 
 innocence." Mr. White and Mr. Pentlow will acquaint you 
 fully with all passages here. 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1G61, Dec. 19. Smyrna. A Frenchman reports that 
 Consul Baker died some time ago at Settalia, and a Jew in 
 town has taken his oath to the truth of this. By what we 
 can gather, it was on about Sept. 23, on the very day he 
 arrived at that place, whither he was conveyed by the Dutch 
 Consul's janissary. "Be he dead or alive, both the Dutch 
 and the French must have had a hand in his escape. , .
 
 175 
 
 And if your Excellencie could be quitts with them, it is but 
 reason, provided they might smart, and not know whose 
 hand hath hurt them." 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA to SIGNOR BALARINI. 
 
 1661, Dec. 23. Adrianople. Thanking him for his kindness 
 to Lady Winchilsea, who cannot express her gratitude herself, 
 not knowing the Italian tongue. Italian. Letter Book, 
 p. 195. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661, Dec. 24. Adrianople. The messengers from Algier 
 are expected daily. Is not over confident of victory over 
 them as they come armed with the arguments of rich present, 
 " which have always prevailed more with the Turks than the 
 strongest reasons." Has got the additions desired for the 
 capitulations, and is in great favour with the Vizier. Things 
 seem to tend to a composure with the Emperor. ' The Vizier 
 is more a lawyer than a soldier ... a man secret and of 
 few words." Ibid. p. 196. 1| pp. [Original in S.P. 
 Turkey.] 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1661, Dec. 27. Adrianople. I make no doubt but that I 
 could convince you that my resolution is regard to Consul Baker 
 is well grounded, but as you advise me to re-admit him, I resign 
 my judgment to your own. I have therefore sent for him and 
 for Mr. Taylor (whom the Company destined to his office) to 
 meet me on my return to Constantinople, and if he will make 
 such submission as shall salve my honour, I may probably 
 re-admit him, though I believe the Company will be the first 
 to regret it, " for being a man of unbridled passion and intem- 
 perance of tongue ... he will, in a few months, destroy 
 the greatest part both of the traffick and navigation. But 
 I am resolved to have no further disputes with the Company 
 to perswade them to theire owne good," and if they perform 
 their articles with me, I shall interpose no further in their 
 affairs, except to protect them at this Court. 
 
 The additions to our capitulations have been granted by 
 this Vizier, " and as yet all things carry a face of friendship 
 and fair correspondency, and are like to continue," unless the 
 presents of the Algier messengers prevail above justice and 
 reason. Also the pretences here at Court that several 
 janissaries were aboard the ships taken by the English and 
 were sold in Spain, will render my opposition the more difficult. 
 My stay here will depend on the movements of the Algerians, 
 " who, as I am informed, forbeare to come to towne until they 
 heare I am departed, that so with the less opposition their 
 complaints may take place with the Vizier." Ibid. p. 197. 
 21 pp.
 
 176 
 
 TANGIER. 
 [1661.] Resolutions concerning the government of Tangier. 
 
 H PP- 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661-2, Jan. 2. Whitehall. I have now received yours of 
 the 19th of October, for which this comes to return my thanks. 
 His Majesty takes very well your timely care to possess the 
 Porte with the justice of his carriage towards those of Algiers, 
 and doubts not but the Grand Seigneur will disown their 
 perfidy and licentious piracies, whereby they disturb the 
 commerce of all these western parts. 
 
 Baker, the Smyrna consul, is, it seems, dead and another 
 chosen by the Company, so your lordship is freed from further 
 trouble in that business. 
 
 I had provided a commission for you to mediate between 
 the Grand Seigneur and Venice, but the Resident of that 
 State came to me as I was finishing my packet " and told me 
 he had received a returne from his Masters to the offer his 
 Majesty had made of his endeavours in that friendly office ; 
 and that they found the termes they stood on so distant each 
 from other that they could conceive but small hopes from any 
 applications of that kind, and therefore desired his Majesty 
 to spare himself that trouble, which his Majesty commanded 
 me to signify to you." The enclosed will give you an account 
 of our occurrents here. Signed. I p. 
 
 M. BARON to THE SAME. 
 
 1662, Jan. [9-J19. Aleppo. Praising the behaviour of 
 M. de la Noy [Lannoy] in a little dispute which has occurred 
 between the Bassa and the English, and praying his Excellency 
 to look upon the miseries of the poor Franks in Cyprus, who, 
 without his protection, will assuredly be obliged to quit their 
 post. French. 2 pp. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE SAME. 
 
 1661[-2], Jan. 10. Smyrna. The Dutch consul being gone, 
 I have spoken with his janissary, who tells me that about a week 
 after your Excellency's warrant arrived for sending Consul Baker 
 to England, the Dutch Consul, M. Oliva and Mazaret sent the said 
 janissary to carry him to Settalia, where he was to be in the 
 care of the French Consul. Consul Baker often complained 
 of pain during the six days journey, and being very ill on his 
 arrival, desired to repose for some hours. He locked himself 
 into his chamber, and after four or five hours they knocked at 
 his door, but receiving no answer, forced it open, and found 
 him dead in his bed. The next day he was buried, but his 
 disease I cannot yet learn. When the janissary returned, he 
 was enjoined secrecy, but his master being now gone, he thought 
 he might reveal it to me without danger.
 
 177 
 
 I humbly conceive that so high an affront should not be 
 passed over, and though the consul be gone yet Oliva and 
 Mazaret remain, " and I think there might be inquisition made 
 for his blood " or some other way found to make them smart 
 for their insolency to your Excellency. 1 pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661-2, Jan. 13. Adrianople. Informing him how he has 
 " disappointed " the Algerians, whose messengers had come 
 with complaints against the English. For he had beforehand 
 made the Vizier so apprehensive of their designs, and " laid so 
 good a foundation by small gifts and friendship with the principall 
 officers . . . that instead of receiving the countenance 
 they expected, they were severely reprehended." Has 
 obtained the renewal of the English capitulations, with very 
 advantageous conditions for the merchants. [News of 
 Turkish affairs.] Has received a very civil letter from the 
 Earl of Lesly, inviting him to a correspondence, but (he being 
 a gentleman of the bedchamber to the Emperor and of his 
 Council of War and State), has answered cautiously until it 
 is clear " how the interest of his Majesty accords with that of 
 Spain." Is pleased to find, from Nicholas's letter of June 28, 
 that he has as punctually obeyed his Majesty's instructions 
 as if he had divined them beforehand. Letter Book, p. 199. 
 5 pp. [Original letter in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 Also, letters to Lord Treasurer Southampton and to the 
 Privy Council on the same subjects. Ibid. pp. 206, 208. 
 1 1 PP- [The original of that to the Council is in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE SAME to THE EARL OF SANDWICH. 
 
 1661-2, Jan. 13. Adrianople. Announcing his success in 
 the affair of Algier, wherefore he not only congratulates his 
 lordship on his late success against the pirates, but wishes 
 that he " may again returne from the same place with new 
 laurells and trophies of victorie." Gives an account of the 
 negotiation and its results. Ibid. p. 204. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1661-2, Jan. 13. On the success of his negotiations as above. 
 Has been as frugal as was consistent with the honour of his 
 embassy, yet fears that sordid spirits amongst the Company 
 (who grudged his entertainment at Smyrna) will repine at 
 every petty charge as too prodigal, which was in order to 
 make his equipage " as splendid and honourable as was 
 agreeable to the present condition and difficulty of affaires." 
 Ibid, 207. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY MORICE. 
 
 1661-2, Jan. 13. Adrianople. Assuring him that though 
 he directs his letters to Secretary Nicholas, (from whom he 
 
 \Vt. 29495. FI 12
 
 178 
 
 had his despatches, and his ancient friend), they are meant 
 for both secretaries equally. Letter Book, p. 210. J p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661-2, Jan. 23. Pera. Has only now received Nicholas's 
 letters of May 2 and 10, sent by way of Vienna, together with 
 those of June 28 and October 21, sent by Mr. Hedges. 
 Believes that if the Chia Bey, whose friendship the Venetians 
 had bought, had kept his office [as Lieut. -General of the 
 Janisaries], the war with the Emperor would have been in a 
 much more forward condition. Ibid, 210. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1661-2, Feb. 1. Pera. Consul Baker's death having put 
 a period to the controversy, he hopes the Company will not 
 create new embroilments by revenging themselves on their 
 factors for appealing to himself. Has sought all means to 
 make amends " for infringing that point of privilege which 
 they so highly resent of displacing their consul," and though 
 the appointment now falls to his disposal, he has commis- 
 sioned Mr. Taylor, who was designed by them to succeed, 
 and has " revoked Isaacson, against whom they had a' 
 prejudice, from the employment." Prays Sir Heneage, as 
 a good friend to both parties, to advise them, in electing a 
 new consul, to be careful to choose a man " of a moderate 
 and sober spirit, who by impertinencies and indiscretions 
 may not make the Companie as ridiculous and hated by 
 forraigne nations as the former did," and create differences 
 between the principals and their factors, whose interests ought 
 always to be united. As to himself, he finds the Company 
 consider they have sufficiently rewarded him in voting his 
 salary to be paid in weighty money while his articles only 
 mention current money (which here is only two-thirds of the 
 other) ; but no ambassador has ever been paid on these 
 lower terms, and the Company must have a strange opinion 
 of his necessities if they thought he might be hired at a meaner 
 rate than his predecessors. For this vote therefore he does 
 not thank them, knowing that though the word used may be 
 "current" a wise judge and honest jury would interpret it 
 to mean good and weighty money. The differences at Smyrna 
 were contrived in England by a party who, to bring their sons 
 and relations into a better employment, resolved to ruin the 
 most ancient and principal merchants at Smyrna, finding a 
 proper instrument in the hot humour of their late consul, 
 and the governor also being guided by a lord who himself 
 had some design upon the Turkish Embassy. Mr. White 
 and Mr. Pentlow (accused as the incendiaries of all the 
 mischief) are the chiefest merchants of Smyrna, and have been 
 the first to follow all the Company's regulations when Baker's 
 party have dissented. Ibid, p. 212. 2^ pp.
 
 179 
 
 THE EAKL OF WINCHILSEA to ANTHONY BOKENHAM. 
 
 1661-2, Feb. 1. Pera. Heartily hoping that the Company 
 will appoint him as their new consul at Smyrna, a post 
 for which, by his prudence and moderation, he is so well 
 qualified. Letter Book, p. 214. I p. 
 
 THE SAME to JOHN BUCKWOETH. 
 
 Same date. Thanking him for the real effects of his friend- 
 ship and kindness, and for his pains in persuading the Levant 
 Company to pay him in weighty money. [The rest of the letter 
 is on the need of an increase to his salary and hi relation to 
 Consul Baker.] 
 
 Postscript. Mr. Hedges is just arrived. Ibid. p. 215, 
 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661-2, Feb. 1. On Jan. 27 received Sir Edward's letters 
 of March 14 and Sept. 12, " which though tedious in the way, 
 were yet like good freinds, not the lesse welcome for arriving 
 late." The rout and total defeat of Chimianus will probably 
 clear the suspicion of the Emperor's assisting him, and so 
 bring about a perfect league with Austria, which he fears will 
 be the cause of introducing a Spanish ambassador, and of 
 throwing the Ottoman force upon the Venetians, whose coffers 
 are exhausted and their soldiers unpaid, while the French 
 forces have been withdrawn from Candia. Ibid. p. 217, 
 1 p. [Original letter in S.P., Turkey.] 
 
 THE SAME to JOHN CASIMIR, KING OF POLAND. 
 
 1661-2, Feb. 8. Concerning the affairs of "Peter" 
 Sympson. Ibid. p. 218. Latin. | p. [Reply to letter on p. 
 136 above.] 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661-2, Feb. 11. Pera. The Court shortly returns from 
 Adrianople, all thoughts of war with the Emperor (since the 
 rout of Chimianus) being laid aside. 
 
 " Heere is now againe happened the same case which fell 
 out about this time the last yeare concerning Capt. Hudson " ; 
 for the Grand Signor, having occasion to send troops to 
 Candia, has taken up an English ship now in port, the 
 Maidenhead, Capt. Kempthorne commander. None of my 
 arguments will prevail, for which I am very sorry, as she will 
 run great danger from the Venetian fleet in the Archipelago, 
 and also because such compulsion much discourages our ships 
 which trade with this place. I must therefore recommend 
 the Captain's petition, that in case they fall into the Venetians' 
 hands, his Majesty would enjoin the Venetian ambassador 
 to write to the Senate that neither ship nor merchandise must
 
 180 
 
 be judged prize. The captain has always been a person of loyal 
 principles, and such we are bound to defend and encourage. 
 
 I know not how the forcing our ships into this service can be 
 held a breach of the capitulations, it being an ancient practice 
 here. At this very time a French and a Dutch ship have been 
 taken on the same terms, and so I dare not insist too much 
 in the matter, lest I should draw too hard on that cord, 
 which I do not wish should in my time, be broken. Letter 
 Book, p. 220. 1 p. 
 
 DUKE AND SENATE OF VENICE to THE EAKL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, [Feb. 19-] March 1. Ducal Palace. Thanking him for 
 his kindness to their resident minister at Constantinople, and 
 especially for asking the said minister to be godfather to his 
 Excellency's little son. Italian, f p. 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to THE SAME. 
 
 1661-2, Feb. 27. Whitehall. I have not yet had an 
 opportunity to acquaint the King with what your lordship 
 desires in yours of the 28th of November, concerning the 
 Turkey Company's carriage to you, but hope to give you a 
 full account in my next. 
 
 " As for the newes spread there of the Venetians' thoughts 
 of quitting Candy to either France or Spaine, upon compareing 
 the present juncture of affaires, wee find no reason at all here 
 to creditt that rumour ; for though the French have for some 
 months last past noised abroad the preparations they intend 
 for the Mediterranean, yet are their numbers much too 
 inconsiderable, and their other designes in all probability so 
 different, as there seemes no great danger of what your Lord- 
 shipp writes. . . . All things proceed very well here for the 
 advantage of his Majestys service, and the publicke settlement ; 
 the House of Commons continueing on all occasions to give 
 signall testimonyes of their great affection to his Majesty 
 and his interests. ..." 
 
 Memorandum enclosed : " Richard Christophilus Cornaro, 
 Lord Turke. 
 
 " His Turkish name was Ysuf Chaous, Natif of Constantinople, 
 Duke of Ncgropont, which title his predecessors have. His 
 mother lives at Pera neere Constantinople. Her name is 
 Yse Hanum, borne at Cherkasia [Circassia], daughter to the 
 Count of Cherkasia, neere the black sea towards Russia. 
 Your Lordshipp is desired to enquire whether really there be 
 any such person or not, such an one being here a suppliant 
 to the King for some relief e." 
 
 FR. EUSEBIO VELLES, Guardian of Mount Zion, to THE SAME. 
 1662, March [4-] 14. Jerusalem. Sending for his acceptance 
 models of the Great Temple of the Holy Sepulchre, and of 
 the Church at Bethlehem. Italian, 1 p.
 
 181 
 
 CONSUL WILLIAM CAVE to THE EARL OF WENCHILSEA. 
 
 1661-2, March 11. Smyrna. Announcing his appointment 
 as consul, and safe arrival. " Wee sett sayle from the Downes 
 the llth of February, in company of a squadron of shipps 
 under Sir John Mince [Minns], who carryed my Lord Peter 
 Brough (i.e. Peterborough] and his souldyers to Tangery, and 
 arrived there the 29th [sic] ditto. The next day my Lord went 
 on shore, and after his owne regiment of foote was landed 
 and drawn up in the parade, the Portuguese Governour deli vered 
 the keys of the towne unto him, and hee tooke possession of 
 the forts and castle. There was a designe (as I was informed) 
 carryed on by the Spanyard to have landed severall forces 
 in Africa, to have taken the towne, which they say should 
 have beene yeelded to him, and to that end had drawne downe 
 souldyers to Gibilterra and Tarriff, which the Dutch fleet in 
 probability should have transported, they hovering up and 
 downe in those parts, but the Earle of Sandwitch lyinge at 
 anchor before Tangery with fowre frigates . . . cutt off all 
 correspondency, not sufferinge any boate to goe in or out 
 without strict examination, which no doubt frustrated that 
 designe. The Earle of Sandwitch was pleased to tell me that 
 he had certaine intelligence from Argier that there were 24 
 shipps belonging to that port utterly destroyed, by reason 
 the mould hi a great storme was broke downe. ... I thought 
 fitt to give your Excellency this short account, in regard I 
 have heard since my arrivall how acceptable service you 
 have done for our whole nation in gettingc the discountenancing 
 of those pyrates att the Grand Signer's court ; soe that I 
 hope in short time the nest of them will bee quite destroyed. 
 1J pp. Seal of arms with crest. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661-2, March 12. Pera. Rejoicing in the assurance given 
 him, by the frequency and kindness of the Secretary's letters, 
 that he still has part in his affection, and expressing his 
 conviction that the King and his dominions " cannot but be 
 prosperous and blessed by the management of so wise and 
 good a minister." The preparations for war are now wholly 
 against the Venetians, and people talk loudly and freely of 
 a change of the principal ministers. " It being now the 
 time of the equinoctiall, in which these revolutions are most 
 customary, makes the general expectation more pregnant." 
 Letter Book, p. 222. 1| pp. [Original letter in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE SAME to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1661-2, March 12. Pera. Requesting him to move his 
 Majesty for an allowance for intelligence, which Mr. Secretary 
 has promised to second. 
 
 There will probably be a great alteration of the chief officers 
 of this Empire. It is. supposed to arise from the Queen Mother
 
 182 
 
 and Kislir Aga, chief eunuch of the Grand Signer's women, 
 both highly discontented with the Vizier, " whose fortune 
 being to fall, is accompanied commonly with the ruine of all 
 his favorites and those in present power with him. [The 
 rest of the letter as to Nicholas, above.] Letter Book, p. 224. 
 li PP> 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to CONSUL GILES JONES 
 [at Venice]. 
 
 1661-2, March 12. Pera. Assuring him that his intelli- 
 gences are so particular and most commonly so true, that he 
 reposes great confidence in them. Some of the advices have 
 been five months on the way, but they are not the less welcome 
 for being tardy. Thanks him also for his safe conveyance of 
 letters, which he need not refuse because a higher title is not 
 given on them (as he finds it is the ancient style of that country), 
 though he may do well to try to persuade them out of 
 their ancient road. 
 
 Postscript. You may acquaint the Secretary of State that 
 both my master and the King of France style me their loving 
 cousin ; that he may perceive that I come as an ambassador 
 extraordinary, and an earl and peer of England. Ibid, 
 p. 222. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to PRINCE GREGORASCO, VAIVODE OP 
 WALLACHIA. 
 
 1661-2, March 18-28. Thanking him for his kindness 
 touching a coach and other matters. Italian. Ibid. p. 245. | p. 
 
 THE FACTORY AT ALEPPO to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1661[-2], March 18. Thanking him for his care of them, 
 especially in their contest with the late Emin [customer]. 
 Fear they may have trouble with the new one, their hattasheriff 
 [licence from the Sultan] not being renewed, and also 
 consider that the Company will be put to much inconvenience 
 "by the now almost unpassableness of Morat Bassa's bridge"; 
 but the Company at present " thinke fitt to exercise such a 
 jealous care in matter of their expenses," that the only thing 
 to be done is to represent the matter, and wait for them 
 to apply remedies. 
 
 His Excellency's last bill has been paid without any 
 demur, so that matter must have been misrepresented to him. 
 Signed, 
 
 Benjamin Lannoy. Will. Mellish. 
 
 Gamaliel Nightingale. Edw. Halsteed. 
 
 Jno. Newman. Wm. Croftes. 
 
 Rich. Sprignell. John Wood. 
 
 Wm. Hussey. Thomas Hunt. 
 
 Hauly Bishopp. Thomas Stanton.
 
 183 
 
 Tho. Betton. Alex Travell. 
 
 Tho. Whincop. Fran. Hemsworth. 
 
 Wm. Ashbie. Tho. Niccolls. 
 
 Tho. Palmer. Ed. Bovey. 
 
 Richard Flyer. Anthony Pennyng. 
 
 Joseph Carew. Henry Hunter, jun. 
 
 Henry Griffith. John Pouldon. 
 
 Richard Lake. 
 
 2 pp. On the same sheet as the letter of April 10, below. 
 Also, Duplicate of the same. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINOHELSEA to THE EARL OP 
 NORTHUMBERLAND . 
 
 1661-2, March 20. Pera. Sends this not to revive his 
 remembrance, but only to make tender of his service. The 
 bearer, Mr. Isaacson, lately one of his secretaries and consul 
 of Smyrna, deserves his Lordship's countenance and favour. 
 Letter Book, p. 226. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661-2, March 20. Pera. A report is whispered that 
 Count Isdring has taken and demolished some considerable 
 forts on the Turkish frontier, and that some forces have been 
 sent against him, which if true, will revive " the spirits of 
 dissension," believed to be wholly pacified. "A Turk* and a 
 pensioner of mine, and one that is acquainted with the, 
 secrets of the Grand Signor, gave mee yesterday this secret 
 intelligence, that there lately arrived an Italyan of the kingdom 
 of Naples, habited in a Turkish dress, who hath assured the 
 Vizier that Gaietta, a port in that king dome should be delivered 
 into the power of the Grand Signor if he thinks fit to send a 
 sufficient army to possesse it, of which he has procured such 
 confidence and beleife that he is despatched for Tunis with 
 order to be supplyed with forces from them for this design, but 
 the discovery^ whereof I thought myself e obliged | to make, 
 which I have accordingly done by the most cautious means 
 
 1 could contrive." 
 
 The Bassa appointed as Governor of Algier had orders to 
 treat with me before his departure. After keeping him 
 waiting three hours I gave him audience, but told him I had 
 no power to treat, and that he must apply to those authorised 
 for the business. He prayed me to tell his Majesty that they 
 will accept his conditions if only one ship be sent to proffer 
 them ; so that the world may not think they are compelled 
 to submission " by an overwhelming force." Ibid. p. 243. 
 
 2 pp. [Original in 8. P. Turkey.] 
 
 * Tho words in italics are in cipher, undeciphered (as they are also in the 
 original letter amongst the State Papers), but can be read by a key found 
 amongst the papers. 
 
 | Written 849,36 (firelock, y) in evident error for 845,36 (discovery), and 
 668,8 (cannon, d) for 588,8 (obliged).
 
 184 
 
 Also, letter to the same effect (omitting the passage in 
 cipher) to the Earl of Sandwich. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD COOPER. 
 
 1661-2, March 20. Pera. Assuring his lordship of 
 the respect and esteem he has always entertained for his 
 virtue and abilities, and recommending Mr. Isaacson. Letter 
 Book, p. 226. \ p. 
 
 Also, letters to the same effect to Lord Roberts, the Earl of 
 Carberry, Secretary Morice, and Lord Treasurer Southampton. 
 
 THE SAME to LADY FINCH. 
 
 1661-2, March 20. Pera. " I cannot but condole the sad 
 losse of your honoured lord, who in his life endeered mee 
 by so much of his kindnesse, and at his death bequeathed so 
 bountifull a testimony to my family. And since that I have 
 some interest, as related to the good of my sonne, in that 
 pleasant seate of Moate, I wish to see it at my returne as 
 delightfull and flourishing as in the time of your Lord, who 
 your Ladyship cannot but remember, hath often in my 
 presence used this expression That hee would never give you 
 Moate, did hee beleive you would cut the timber downe or 
 deface it. I beseech your Ladyship to consider that though 
 the law will not call this action into question, yet it is, in 
 cutting downe the timber, a breach of that confidence your 
 Lord reposed in your Ladyship, and an undoubted injury 
 to the right of my sonne. . . . But I have so strong an opinion 
 of your Ladyship's justice and of that reverence you beare to 
 the memory of your deceased Lord, that I cannot give eare 
 to any such reporte, much lesse afford [it] the least beliefe." 
 Ibid. p. 228. I p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR JOHN BOYS. 
 
 1661-2, March 20. Pera. Praying him to use his interest 
 with Lady Finch " for not cutting downe the timber in Moate 
 Park," a thing not agreable to the will of her late husband, 
 who (confident in her faithfulness to his wishes) has left her 
 the Park " without impeachment of waste." Ibid. p. 228. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE KING. 
 
 1661-2, March 20. Pera. Sending assurances of his zeal 
 and devotion by Mr. Isaacson. Ibid. p. 230. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR ANDREW RICARD, [Governor of the 
 Levant Company]. 
 
 1661-2, March 20. Pera. Assuring him of his friendship 
 and desire to serve him. The bearer, Mr. Isaacson, late 
 consul of Smyrna, has been so prudent, just and active in the 
 discharge of his office, that the most violent of his enemies
 
 185 
 
 can object nothing against him but that he was solely con- 
 stituted by Winchilsea's commission. Prays Sir Andrew to 
 " befriend him to a good reception with the Company." Hears 
 that he is displeased with Mr. Hardy at Smyrna for signing 
 the petition (with the rest of the factory) against Consul 
 Baker. The work of composure will be obstructed if, after 
 all is past, signal displeasure is maintained against their own 
 servants. Letter Book, p. 232. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to JONATHAN DAWES. 
 
 1661-2, March 20. Pera. Rejoices to hear of his safe 
 arrival in London. Is glad the fury and clamour concerning 
 Baker are allayed there. All things are composed at 
 Smyrna, which were before confused by having a mad consul. 
 Prays him to move concerning his allowances and to consult 
 Sir H. Finch, of whom the Company has a due esteem, as 
 has all the world besides. Hopes, since the storm is over, 
 that Consul Isaacson will be well received. Ibid. p. 233. 
 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD CHANCELLOR CLARENDON. 
 
 1661-2, March 20. Pera. Assuring his lordship that he 
 stiU has a lively sense of his favours, and often contemplates 
 the happiness of their King and country, " in the present and 
 past difficulties of affairs, under the management of so wise 
 a minister." Ibid. p. 230. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE DUKE OF ALBEMARLE. 
 
 1661-2, March 20. Pera. Deploring his late illness and 
 expressing his joy on his Grace's recovery, a joy shared by the 
 whole of his Majesty's dominions. Recommends Mr. Isaacson. 
 Ibid. p. 231. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE DUKE OF ORMOND. 
 
 1661-2, March 20. Pera. Joins " in the common joy of 
 all Ireland " for the restoration of his Grace to that 
 lieutenancy, the deserved reward of his wisdom and virtue ; 
 and wishes sincerely that he may number as many years in 
 the enjoyment of that honourable office as he has done minutes 
 in exile and deprivation. Recommends Mr. Isaacson. Ibid, 
 p. 232. \p. 
 
 THE SAME to ANTHONY BOKENHAM. 
 
 1661-2, March 20. Pera. Had hoped to welcome him as 
 consul to Smyrna, but since he is supplanted by another, 
 wishes that other may have the same virtue and abilities, and 
 give contentment to the factory. Ibid. p. 236. | p.
 
 186 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to NICHOLAS PENNING. 
 
 1661-2, March 20. Pera. Assuring him of his diligent 
 efforts on behalf of the Company, and asking for his help in 
 obtaining his promised additional allowance. Letter Book, 
 p. 235. 1 p. 
 
 Also, a letter on the same subjects to Sir George Smith. 
 Ibid. p. 237. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR EDWARD PEERING. 
 
 1661-2, March 20. Pera. On his reasons for dismissing 
 Baker, and on his efforts to benefit the merchants in the 
 renewal of the capitulations. Ibid. p. 238. 1J pp. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR JOHN NICHOLAS. 
 
 1661-2, March 20. Introducing Mr. Isaacson, and sending 
 some few Turkish curiosities for Sir John's father [Sir 
 Edward]. Ibid. p. 239. \ p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1661-2, March 20. Prays him, now that the Company is 
 pacified and another consul sent forth, to urge the matter 
 of his increased allowances. Also to prevent Lady Finch 
 from cutting down the timber in Moate Park. 
 
 Is sending an " antient Greeke Evangelist," given him by 
 the Patriarch of Constantinople with a great deal of reverence, 
 and also some Turkish curiosities, as a present to his Majesty ; 
 but if Sir Heneage thinks them not worthy the King's 
 acceptance, the book is to go to the library at Eastwell, and 
 he may dispose of the toys where he thinks they will be most 
 welcome. Ibid. p. 240. 1J pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE GRAND DUKE OF TUSCANY. 
 
 1661-2, March 20-30. Pera. Recommending Mr. Isaacson, 
 to whom he has trusted some things of profound secresy to 
 impart to his Highness, more fit to be told by word of mouth 
 than by writing. Prays for a continuance of his Highness's 
 favour, and assures him of his devotion. Italian. Ibid, 
 p. 242. f p. 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1662, March 25. Pera. Believes that peace may now be 
 made with Algier on his Majesty's own terms, though being 
 a stranger to the secrets of the King's Council, or his Majesty's 
 own designs, he is not competent to give advice in the matter. 
 If however the war is continued, he prays for instructions 
 " what to say to the Vizier." Ibid. p. 246. 1 p. [Original 
 letter in S.P. Turkey.]
 
 187 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, March 27. Whitehall. I took my first opportunity 
 to acquaint the King with the contents of yours of January 13, 
 and he expressed a very gracious liking of what your lordship 
 had done for the advantage of the merchants there, and of 
 your prudent applications to possess the Porte with a fair 
 account of his Majesty's intentions as to Algiers. We have a 
 report flying here that the Grand Seigneur had peremptorily 
 enjoined those " barbares of Algiers " to make peace with 
 his brother the King of England, but as your letters are silent 
 on the subject, the report has obtained little credit. As to 
 what you wished concerning the Turkey Company I have 
 advised with some of your best friends, and they seemed to 
 dissuade from the course your lordship designed to have taken 
 with them. 
 
 I endeavoured what I could for the bed, but as Sir Sackville 
 Crow never had any, nor any other minister there, I cannot 
 persuade them here that it is to be allowed, nor will they 
 believe that Sir Thos. Bendish had it, at least from the King, 
 " his Majesty being then under a confinement by the Parliament, 
 and not in a condition to provide himself those conveniences." 
 The Hollanders are making offers to join our fleet against the 
 pirates of Algiers. It would be convenient to know from 
 your lordship " how those people and their late carriage to 
 us stand and are like to continue in the esteeme of the Grand 
 Seigneur and his Ministers." 
 
 The Lady Dungarvan is delivered of a daughter. Signed. 
 2 pp. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE SAME. 
 
 1662, March 28. Smyrna. Has arrived safely, in seven 
 days from Pera, and in two days hopes to depart on the Ann 
 frigate for Ligorne, and thence for England. 
 
 The new consul appears civil to all ; but the Company 
 still persists in embroiling those " who are minded to be 
 quiet." All the merchants refuse to sign the recantation 
 for supplicating his Excellency, " which certainly is intended 
 rather for the defamation of the graunter then anywaies for 
 the castigation of the petitioners ; for when, in a Turkey 
 court, it was objected that, to that tyme, petitioning his 
 Majestie's ambassador was never held a crime, the Governor 
 made a ' psh ' at it, and used words to this effect, that hee 
 doubted not but God would open your Excellencies eyes, and 
 that, for the time to come, you would act more honourably." 
 The Company have sent orders that Consul Baker shall be 
 paid not only his salary but a gratuity of 1,000 dollars " for 
 the good service done them in his life-time," while they refuse 
 either salary or gratuity to Isaacson himself. 
 
 Mr. Death still waits for his Excellency to send positive 
 orders to Mr. Taylor to pay the balance of his account. On
 
 188 
 
 reaching England, Isaacson will, (if he can reach the King's 
 ear) acquaint his Majesty that no previous ambassador has 
 equalled his lordship in honour, nor been so unhandsomely 
 treated by the Company. 1| pp. Seal of arms, with 
 crest. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to MARC ANTONIO DOLFINI, hi the 
 
 Seven Towers. 
 
 1662, March 29. Expressing his sorrow at seeing so noble 
 and generous a youth shut in between the walls of a prison, 
 who might be the comfort of his home and the glory of his 
 country. Needs no further motive to desire his honour's 
 liberation, and when Signor Balarino thinks a fitting occasion 
 has arrived, will not fail to do all that lies in his power. Prays 
 that he may enjoy happy days in the holy Feast of Easter. 
 Italian. Letter Book, p. 248. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SEBASTIANO MOLINI, in the Seven Towers. 
 
 1662, March 29. Thanking him for his kind courtesy in 
 wishing him a happy festival at this holy Eastertide, and 
 reciprocating his good wishes. Longs with all his heart that 
 he might greet him in freedom, and has never ceased to hope 
 and endeavour for his restoration to his country and his family. 
 Italian. Ibid. p. 249. | p. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MORICE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, March 29. Though there is an amiable correspondence 
 betwixt me and Secretary Nicholas, yet he does not impart 
 to me what is sent him from abroad, and I know nothing of 
 what you have communicated to him. Not knowing what 
 you hear from others, I shall write the less, lest I trouble you 
 much. 
 
 " There is a great harmony betwixt the Kinge and his 
 Parliament, especially the House of Commons, which are 
 perfectly complyant with him, and have donne greate thinges 
 for him, havinge given him the greatest gift that ever subjects 
 gave their prince, to wit 1,200,0002. to be paid by 70,000/. 
 monthly til the sum be completed ; they have passed an 
 act for imposition of 2s. uppon every hearth yeerly which 
 will by our computation amount to 4 or 500,OOOL annually, 
 and this is setled on him and his successors ; they have 
 constituted a militia and given the Kinge power to raise for 
 two yeeres 70,OOOZ. once every yeere to pay that militia if it 
 should occasionally be drawne together. The lords, to shew 
 the honor and service they have for the Kinge, have denyed 
 themselves and assented to be set to armes at the imposinge 
 of deputy leutenants, though commoners ; their private 
 interests strikinge saile to the publicke peace and safety. 
 We have taken possession of Tangier in Barbary, where we 
 have transported 3,000 men under the conduct of the Earle
 
 189 
 
 of Peterborough. We have sent forth Sir Abraham Shipman 
 to assume into his handes the Isle of Bombay in the East 
 Indyes, which was also delivered up to us by the Portugal. 
 My Lord of Sandwich lyes yet in the roade of Lisbon ; we 
 have intelligence the Queene will embarque on Monday 
 sevenight, others conjecture that seinge the Spanyard is 
 equippinge a great fleete at Gales which threatens Portugal 
 with som naval impression, as his land forces (which are 
 great) menace an invasion by lande, that the Queenes will not 
 willingly suffer this fleete to goe out of that roade until another 
 arrived, which is now heere in furnishinge, consisting of ten 
 sailes, and to remaine there for the service and assistance of his 
 Majesty of Portugal, and is to transports from hence on like 
 account two regiments of horse and as many of foote, under 
 the commande of the Earle of Inchiquin. What effect this 
 may produce in order to our correspondence with Spaine 
 may be doubtful. We have fixed an allyance with Denmarke 
 and Sweden and in all probability shall in fewe dayes conclude 
 with Hollande. The French Kinge in a defensive league with 
 those Estates, hath expressly made guarranty of their 
 fisheryes contrary to the expectation of his Majesty and 
 much to his disresentment, yet my Lord Holies is speedily 
 to be sent to that courte to lye resident there. I wish I might 
 have the honor of your commands to serve your lordship 
 heere in any thinge." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 ANTHONY ISAACSON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, April 2. Smyrna. "I lately gave your Excellencie 
 an account of my arrival here, at which tyme the captain of 
 the man of warre was in such fury as I thought I should not 
 have had tyme to have finished that letter, but he being 
 perswaded to the calme of two or three daies stay more, hath 
 given me the opportunity once more to present my humble 
 duty." 
 
 I humbly beseech you to remember Mr. Adrian Death, 
 " and not let him be ruined, and your owne honour suffer 
 in his losse, to satisfie the peevishness of those that love to 
 bee crosse, and believe . . . that your Excellencie will 
 syde with them in anything." 
 
 Signer Abraham Symonds tells me plainly that your 
 Excellency hath not a greater enemy in England than the 
 Governor [of the Levant Company]. It is your interest to 
 keep fair with all, " else I could give you such a character 
 of one that is your neighbour . . . that your Excellencie 
 would say (what I believe) latet anguis in herba . . . for 
 I am informed that the party I mean (even amongst your 
 noble relations) rendered your proceedings against Consul 
 Baker as prodigious and unreasonable, which I read with 
 astonishment, knowing how much obliged he is to your 
 Excellencie." l.
 
 190 
 
 SAMUEL TAYLOR to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, April 3. Smyrna. Having now only charge of the 
 treasury, he must not interpose in what belongs to the consul, 
 " who indeed, more than seemes very zealous and active in 
 executing the Company's orders," and will, it is hoped, in 
 a short time (for neither the waters nor men's minds become 
 calm the instant a storm ceases) establish a peace and a 
 flourishing tranquility in the factory. 1| pp. 
 
 FRA ETJSEBIO VELLES, Guardian of Mount Sion, to THE 
 
 SAME. 
 
 1662, April [3-] 13. Jerusalem. Is sending two of the 
 brethren to treat concerning the affairs of the holy places, 
 and prays his Excellency to protect and assist them. By 
 them he sends the model of the Great Temple of the Holy 
 Sepulchre for his acceptance. The gift is small in itself, but 
 will be magnified by his Excellency's kindness, seeing that 
 the Holy Land has produced the wood, and that the holy 
 places are there represented. For here is the most holy Sepulchre 
 of Christ, the place where he was nailed to the cross, the hole 
 in Mount Calvery where the cross was planted with its precious 
 treasure of the world's redemption ; in short, all the holy 
 places of Mount Calvery, the sepulchre of the most glorious 
 Virgin Mary, all the parts of the brook Cedron and others 
 around the valley of Jehosaphet, together with the blessed 
 manger of Bethlehem. There is also another model of the 
 church of the said city of Bethlehem. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE FRENCH CONSUL at 
 
 Aleppo. 
 
 1662, April 4. Pera. Congratulating him upon his 
 appointment. The druggerman of Consul Lister has been 
 delayed, but will set off in a few days. Roger Fowke com- 
 plains that the French owe him a great sum of money, disbursed 
 when he was consul. Does not wish to meddle in the business, 
 but recommends the matter to his conscience and justice. 
 Italian. Letter Book, p. 249. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1662, April 5. Pera. Is told that 50,000 janissaries and 
 other troops are marched out of Asia towards Buda, and that 
 Alii Bassa is to demolish a large fort which Count Isdring has 
 raised near Kanisia. Sends a letter from the Senate of Venice, 
 showing " the courtship they use " to him and which he hopes 
 will hereafter turn to advantage, though at present he sees 
 no opportunity of interfering in their affairs. Ibid, p, 250. 
 ^ p. [Original in S.P. Turkey.]
 
 191 
 
 FRA DOMINICO DE LABDIZAVAL, Procurator of the Holy Land, 
 to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, April [5-]15. Jerusalem. It is now three months 
 since the father superior sent his Excellency the writing giving 
 the matters which they desire from the Grand Signior, 
 especially as regards the places usurped twenty-four years ago by 
 the Greeks, after having been in the hands of the fathers for 
 350 years. At the present time the said Greeks have in their 
 hands the half ruined church of Betlem, to the great regret 
 not only of the Christians but of the Turks, for, if no remedy 
 be found, it will soon be entirely destroyed. The fathers 
 are sending the bearer of this to the Porte, to assist in the 
 negotiations and to look after their convent at Galata, and 
 pray his Excellency to continue the favour and protection 
 he has hitherto shown them ; also to accept the models which 
 the brother will offer to him. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 Petition of the GUARDIAN, &c., OF JERUSALEM to THE GRAND 
 
 SIGNOR.* 
 
 [1662, April ?] In the first place, they pray to be confirmed 
 in their present possession of the following : 
 
 1. The convent of San Salvatore, with its three gardens 
 looking respectively to the north, west and south, and the 
 adjacent houses, opposite the convent. 
 
 2. The chapel called " del Passimo," outside the gate of the 
 Temple of the Holy Sepulchre, and adjoining Mount Calvery. 
 
 3. The Holy Sepulchre of Christ, with the Chapel of the 
 Angel, and the great arch outside the gate of the so-called 
 Chapel of the Angel, with the lamps, great and small. 
 
 4. Our Church within the Temple of the Holy Sepulchre, 
 with our habitations above and below, with the galleries, 
 Chapel of the Magdalene, and the chamber and piazza in 
 front of the said church, with the lamps. 
 
 5. The place called the Invention of the Cross, where 
 St. Elena found it, with all the lamps. 
 
 6. That on Palm Sunday and on other feasts, there may 
 be a procession to the Holy Sepulchre, first of the Greeks and 
 other nations, as they have always had, and also the procession 
 to Betfage [Bethpage] called of the Ass or Betania [Bethany], 
 on the same Sunday. 
 
 7. The tomb of the Most Holy Mary, in the Valley of 
 Giosafet, with the tombs of St. Joachim, St. Anna and 
 St. Joseph, with our lamps, and that no other nation may 
 celebrate mass in them, as at the present we enjoy them. 
 
 8. The grotto in the garden of Giesemani, where Christ 
 our Lord prayed, and sweated blood. 
 
 * This paper is in the same handwriting as the preceding one, and was 
 probably sent with it. It may, however, be the writing referred to as having 
 been sent three months before.
 
 192 
 
 9. Our convent of Betlem, called St. Catherine, with the 
 grotto of the Innocents, and tomb of St. Jerome, St. Eusebius 
 and other saints, with the gardens which look to the north 
 and the tombs in them, with the entrance to our convent 
 by the great church. 
 
 10. That no one shall molest our Turkoman or interpreters 
 of Betlem and Jerusalem, and that the Christians of that 
 city, town or country may any of them follow the Roman 
 rite, or that which they please to do. 
 
 11. The convent of Nazareth, with its gardens, as we enjoy 
 them at present, and that none shall molest the poor Dreuisi 
 [Druse] inhabitants thereof, nor any be found by the officials 
 to pay more than by old custom. 
 
 Item. The confirmation is prayed for of the other 
 convents and hospices of Rama, Giafa [Joppa], Gaza, 
 Acre, Saida [Sidon], Damasco, Cairo and Alexandria, which 
 serve as a comfort for the poor Christian pilgrims who come 
 and go, and that the poor brothers arriving at the ports of 
 Sur [Tyre], Caifa [? Haifa], Castel Peregrino, Ssesarea, Tortura 
 [? Tanturah] shall not be molested by the officials demanding 
 cafarro or douana as Deruisi, which they have not, nor any- 
 thing to do with money. 
 
 Item that when the said poor brethren arrive at the gate 
 of Jerusalem they may enter freely, with the money which 
 they bring from Christendom for their subsistence ; and 
 that they may be free to go out to make their devotions on 
 Mount Olivet, and to sleep there on the night of the Ascension, 
 as also the day of the Assumption of the Most Holy Mary 
 in her Holy sepulchre ; also in the house of the Nativity of 
 Most Holy Mary, called Salaie ; also in the church of the 
 Nativity of St. John Baptist on the mountain of Judsea, 
 and in Bethany at the tomb of Lazarus, and other devotions. 
 
 The above named places are those which we enjoy and 
 which are in our possession, and places which we visit ; for 
 which we pray the confirmation of the present Grand Signer. 
 
 The under-written places are those which were usurped by 
 the Greeks twenty-four years ago, after having been under 
 our care for 350 years, and of which we desire the restitution. 
 
 1. Mont Calvery with the four arches, the hole of the 
 Holy Cross and the place where Christ our Lord was crucified, 
 with the gallery or arches above and below, with the tombs 
 of Godfrey of Buglon [Bouillon] and other Kings, and all 
 the lamps. 
 
 2. The " Copuleta " of the Holy Sepulchre of Our Lord, 
 with all the Terrace, and that above the Chapel of the Angel, 
 with all the lamps. 
 
 3. The stone of the Unction, where our Lord was anointed, 
 with the two candlesticks and our lamps. 
 
 4. The gallery or arches above the prison of Christ looking 
 towards the Greek church, with the altar which stands at the 
 gate of the Holy Sepulchre and Greek church.
 
 193 
 
 5. All the grotto of the Holy Stable, with its three doors, 
 two facing the north and south, and the third connected with 
 our grottos and tombs of saints, above-mentioned, with all 
 the lamps. 
 
 6. The great church above the said grotto, with the two 
 doors facing the west, which lead outside, and the stable just 
 within the entrance. 
 
 The two gardens facing east, called the " Citrangoli." 
 
 7. Our ancient tombs, with the other grotto, called that of 
 the Innocents, and the cistern. 
 
 It is also desired that there may be put in the Hatserif 
 the things mentioned below : 
 
 First, that we may again have our convent of the Nativity 
 of St. John Baptist, which, by the barbarities of the Arabs, 
 was abandoned and is destroyed except the church, and also 
 licence to build some rooms and to repair the church if 
 needed. 
 
 2. That we may repair the great church at Betlem which 
 is of wood, and has had ill-treatment, threatening its utter 
 ruin, and that we may also repair and build up our churches 
 and convents which are in danger of ruin. 
 
 3. That we may buy houses and lands with our money as 
 do other nations. 
 
 4. That when we ask the officials to open the Holy Sepulchre 
 for some needful purpose, we may not be denied. 
 
 4. That on the death of the Guardian, the Procurator or 
 any other brother, the officials make no claim to anything, 
 nor hinder the burial ; and also that on the death of any 
 pilgrim, they may not claim his property or alms, as is the 
 use and custom. 
 
 6. That the visitors of the churches, sent by the Bassa of 
 Damascus, are to have nothing to do with these, viz., of 
 Jerusalem, Bethlehem, Nazareth, Rama, &c. 
 
 7. That the Bassa and Cadi shall not interfere with or take 
 by force, grain, oil, bread, silk or merchandise, or claim more 
 than the old and ordinary customs. 
 
 8. That when anyone soever shall give any order against 
 the French or their places, no credit shall be given to it unless 
 the person is ready to answer for it at the Porte of the Grand 
 Signer. Italian. 3 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE BASSA OF 
 CYPRUS. 
 
 1662, April 8. Has received many complaints from the 
 merchants dwelling in Cyprus of their ill-treatment by his 
 predecessors, but hopes that they will enjoy justice and 
 protection from himself, and especially recommends to him 
 the English consul stationed in the Island. Italian. Letter 
 Book, p. 251. | p. 
 
 A letter to the same effect was sent to the Mufti. 
 
 Wt. 29495. n 13
 
 194 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, April 10. Aleppo. This present Emin, like the last, 
 detains money brought by English ships for the factory, 
 " except they receive it by weight." Prays his Excellency to 
 procure an order forbidding this, seeing that they pay no duty 
 upon moneys, and the weighing " is both a trouble and a charge." 
 
 Mr. Mun Browne, the treasurer appointed by the Company, 
 has arrived and been confirmed by the factory. l pp. 
 
 THE FACTORY AT ALEPPO to THE SAME. 
 
 1662, April 10. Aleppo. Have resolved to supply what- 
 ever money is needed for renewing their fiattazeriffe, or in 
 opposing the present Emin if he gives them trouble (as they 
 hear he intends) about the customs ; and pray his Excellency's 
 care in the matter. Signatures the same as on p. 183 dbove> 
 excluding Lannoy, Bishopp and Penning. 1 p. 
 
 THOMAS STANTON to THE SAME. 
 
 1662, April 11. Aleppo. Thanking his Excellency for 
 the " provision " made with Sir Edward Nicholas on his 
 behalf. Sir John Frederick informs him that he need fear 
 no further disturbance. 
 
 Complains that the Company have sent them the form of 
 an oath " wherein they keep not within the limits of their 
 charter," and to which the merchants do not hold themselves 
 obliged to submit, either by his Majesty's grant or his 
 Excellency's warrant. The ruling part of the Company 
 " are become so lofty and tyrannical that they seem rather 
 States than the subjects of a monarch." 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to EUSTACIUS DABISA, Vaivode 
 and Prince of Moldavia. 
 
 1662, April 16-26. Pera. Recommending the bearer, 
 Mr. John Bonithon, merchant, who is on his journey to 
 England. Italian. Letter Book, p. 252. | p. 
 
 SAMUEL TAYLOR to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, April 17. Smyrna. Lamenting his condition, as 
 being " ensnared in bonds (unknown to former treasurers) 
 not to pay anything without the Company's orders, unless 
 for accustomary, necessary and unavoidable charges." He 
 is "so terrified with the thoughts of acting without the 
 Company's orders " (though convinced he must obey his 
 Excellency's warrants) that he resolves to pray them to 
 appoint another 'treasurer. 2 pp. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE SAME. 
 
 1662, April 21. Smyrna. Has presented his barratt [commis- 
 sion], and been very civilly used by the Caddee, who promises all
 
 195 
 
 justice to the English nation. Mr. Taylor is much troubled 
 that his Excellency should have the least suspicion that he 
 will not comply with his warrants, but his orders are positive 
 to pay nothing in such cases (as Mr. Death's) without the 
 Company's orders, and he has had to enter into bonds for 
 2,OOOJ. to obey them faithfully. 1| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIB THOMAS BENDYSHE. 
 
 1662, April 22. Pera. Thanking him for his letter, and 
 reciprocating his expressions of friendship. 
 
 Is now indifferently well inured to the climate and experienced 
 in the affairs of this country ; but has so intractable a Vizier 
 to deal with that he is deprived of much of the contentment 
 he might enjoy under a more courteous minister. The father, 
 though barbarous enough, and (as Bendyshe knows) inhumane, 
 was yet of more generous and gentle disposition than his son, 
 who so hates all Christians " that the churches that were by 
 the fire in Gallata and Constantinople burnt downe and the 
 ground purchased againe of the Grand Signior and re-edified 
 by the religious, are sentenced to be againe demolished . . . 
 and the builders condemned to a severe imprisonment." 
 
 Notwithstanding all this, he thanks God he passes with 
 honour and conserves the privileges of trade, and hopes, in 
 spite of the malice of his enemies, to return home with honour 
 and a good conscience, and with the thanks of those whose estates 
 and beings are now under his care. Letter Book, p. 252. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1662, April 25. Pera. I am confirmed in my belief that 
 the long treaties between the Emperor and the Grand Signor 
 will at length break out into a war, unless the Emperor " finds 
 some occasions from Christendom to divert his arms . . . 
 which the German Resident sayes may bee occasioned uppon 
 the difference about the dukedom of Loraine." 
 
 This Vizier exceeds his father in severity and abhorence 
 of Christians and their religion. The ground of the churches 
 burnt down here two years since " was purchased at a deare 
 rate of the Grand Signor by the Greeks, Armenians and 
 Romanists, but with[out J licence to build in the forme of churches, 
 or therein use any more rites or services of religion. But 
 these religious being too forward in theire zeale, not only re- 
 edified them in the forme of churches, but resorted thither 
 publickly to theire divine service, which the Vizier hath made 
 use of as a welcome opportunity to demolish and levell their 
 churches with the ground, which he doth with much passion 
 and malice, and committed those who had the chiefe hand in 
 the building to a severe imprisonment ; excepting only my 
 chiefe druggerman and interpreter, who yet escapes free of 
 any molestation by the security he enjoys under my pro- 
 tection."
 
 196 
 
 Having had this day an audience with the Grand Vizier, 
 " who utters little and dissembles much," I gather that he 
 has secret designs towards war. The Emperor contends that 
 the fort of Kanisia " was erected by his order and shall be 
 maintained by his arms," while the Grand Signer threatens 
 to demolish it, "if the strength of his empire can do it," and 
 is covertly sending forces daily towards the frontiers on pretence 
 that there they shall receive their pay. The fleet of about 
 sixty gallies, much better built and armed than those of last 
 year, will depart in four or five days. Letter Book, p. 253. 
 
 THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA to SIB GEORGE BENYON. 
 
 1662, April 28. Pera. " Whilst your sonne was enter- 
 tained here in my service, it was his fortune to place his love 
 on an attendant of my wife's, and afterwards to marry without 
 any knowledge or privacy of mine. Your sonne being departed 
 ten months since made your daughter in law desirous to follow 
 him, whom my wife hath found so usefull that nothing could 
 have obtained her a willing licence to depart hence but the 
 obligation and duty to her husband. . . . She hath 
 deported herself e heere with that reputation, modesty and 
 discretion as may render her worthy of a relation to your 
 family. And therefore what errour or inconvenience hath 
 beene in the marriage, I could wish were overlooked, . . . 
 and that you would receive her into the number of yours, 
 being confident you will receive as much satisfaction in her 
 as in most whose vertues and good qualities are their greatest 
 dowery." Ibid. p. 255. f p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIGNOR BALARINO. 
 
 1662 [April 28 ?]. Expressing his great regret on the loss 
 of his Excellency's goods in an English ship, by encounter 
 with the " barbareschi." But such is the world ; one cannot 
 hope in all things to reach the desired end, and he trusts that 
 many future successes will compensate for this ill-luck. Has 
 ordered his secretary to obtain all the light possible on the 
 subject from the captain and super-cargo. Italian. Ibid. 
 p. 255. } p. 
 
 SAMUEL TAYLOR to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, May 11. Smyrna. Stating the orders which he has 
 received in a letter from the Company [of March 24 ; see 
 Col. S.P. Dom. under that date], in consequence of which 
 he does not dare to pay Mr. Death's balance, as his 
 Excellency desired. 1 p. 
 
 PRINCE JOANNES ZAMOSKI to THE SAME. 
 1662, May 14. Zamosc. Praying him to continue his aid 
 to " Peter " Symson (in the matter of the goods detained from
 
 197 
 
 him by the Prince Palatine of Wallachia) by informing the 
 Vizier of the true state of the case, and through him, procuring 
 restitution. Signed, Latin. 1 p. Seal impressed on paper. 
 Endorsed : " From Prince Zamoschi." 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to PRINCE GREGORASCO, Vaivode 
 and Prince of Wallachia. 
 
 1662, May 18-28. Regrets that the speedy departure of 
 the Prince's Grand Marshal prevented him from showing as 
 much respect as he desired to do. Prays that the coach 
 he desires may be made at once, so that he may be able to 
 use it this summer. Italian. Letter Book, p. 256. p. 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1662, May 20. Pera. Yours of the 27th of February, 
 with the papers of news, engages me in a thousand obligations. 
 I infinitely rejoice in the prosperity of my country under the 
 blessing of his Majesty's government, and your cordial affection 
 to me deserves so many thanks that I can never hope to extin- 
 guish my debt of gratitude. 
 
 A messenger has come from the Emperor, whom the German 
 Resident intimates to be a gentleman belonging to the Secretary 
 of State, whose assistance he desired when his gout and other 
 infimities would not allow him to attend his public office. 
 " Whatsoever notion he comes under, his message was so pleasing 
 to the Vizier that he returned from his audience much con- 
 tented, with three caftans or vests, which are allwayes 
 demonstrations of the Vizier's favour." The Emperor is 
 now willing to agree to many terms formerly thought impossible, 
 and the factions are so high among the Grandees here that 
 I am confident the Vizier will condescend to very moderate 
 terms, that he may be free to attend wholly to the preservation 
 of himself and his affairs at home, where such are the artifices 
 of his enemies, " that every hour he hath a new game to play 
 for his life." For besides his father's enemies, he has acquired 
 others of more danger, as the Queen Mother and Kislir Aga, 
 or chief eunuch of the women, who bear him a mortal hatred. 
 His chief counsellor and confidant is " a shecgh, a religious 
 Softa, or an illuminated preacher, one that pretends to bee 
 inspired and to have new revelations. He hath perswaded 
 the Vizier that the too much indulgence to Christians, by per- 
 mitting them to live amongst the faithfull, and licensing the 
 publicke sale of wine, hath been the cause that the progresse 
 and enlargement of the Turkish Empire hath been so long 
 at a stand, and of the unparalelled fires in Galata and 
 Constantinople, and the last yeare's unheard of pestilence. By 
 his incitement the Vizier againe demolished the Christian 
 churches (as I formerly wrote you). In fine, this enthusiast 
 is as inveterate and pernitious to Christian profession as the 
 Presbyterian and Scotch-kirkman to the rites of our church
 
 198 
 
 and religion. And thus wee may see what disorders and 
 confusion hypocrisy and Puritanisme introduce in all places, 
 where they gaine a superioritie. A few dayes past, the Vizier 
 caused the Maimar bashee, or chief of the carpenters and 
 masons, to bee strangled, upon pretence that he had given 
 licence to the labourers to build the Christian churches. In 
 his house were found 500,000 dollars in ready mony. by 
 which wee may see the strange covetousnesse of the Turkes, 
 who are the most greedy in the world of gaine, and the most 
 uncertaine of the enjoyment." 
 
 The Vizier has received a letter from the King of France 
 desiring continuance of friendship with the Porte, and that 
 the son of Monsieur La Haye, former Ambassador here, may 
 be admitted to his father's place. The Vizier speedily con- 
 sented, " declaring that the Grand Signior's armes were open 
 to receive all that came with submission and respect." When 
 Monsieur La Haye was at Adrianople, he was " publickly 
 beaten and his teeth struck out in presence and by command 
 of the Vizier. This tamenesse in the King of France makes 
 sport for the Turkes, and renders all Princes in Christendome 
 the like subjects of their scorne. And those here who under- 
 stand the late passage betweene the Ambassadors of the 
 Kings of Spaine and France at London wonder the King of 
 France should be so tender of his honour in maintenance of 
 the dignitie of his Embassadour there, and yet slight so 
 notorious a violation of his Embassadour here, . . . which 
 was never offered before to the sacrednesse of that office, 
 with half those aggravations of infamy and dishonour." 
 
 I am informed from the Morea that Capt. Poole, commander 
 of the Anne frigate, having landed men to cut wood in the 
 Bay of Clarentia,* they were surprised by the Turks and twenty- 
 two of them killed or taken. I shall demand satisfaction 
 from the Vizier against the Bassa of that place ; having also 
 made other complaints against him on behalf of the merchants. 
 I have also complained against the Bassa of Tripoli, whose 
 ships carried an English ship, the William and Sarah, " very 
 rich from Venice," into their port, and robbed nearly all her 
 goods. I believe I may obtain orders for restitution, but 
 they will be little available. In my opinion it were better the 
 King had open wars with Tripoli as well as Algier, but I humbly 
 refer this to his Majesty's better judgment. 
 
 I have enquired concerning that Christophilus Cornaro you 
 write of, I " and believe him to bee an imposture ; his title of 
 Duke of Negropont must bee a meere romance, for the titles 
 of the antient Greeke families are so extinct that none can 
 pretend to an antient pedigree : only one family pretends to 
 bee allied to the lineage of the Emperours," and that is 
 doubtful. " The name of his mother, Yse Hannum, makes 
 her a Sultana, for that name of Hannum is given to none but 
 to women of the Emperour's family ; and I perceive nee 
 
 * Chiarenza or Glarentsa t Sec p. 180, above.
 
 199 
 
 confounds himself so in his titles that he knowes not whether 
 hee had better bee an antient Greeke, or a new noble Turke." 
 
 Postscript. Since writing the former, I have demanded 
 from the Vizier the freedom of the men belonging to the Anne 
 frigate. He says if they did injury to none, they shall be 
 released, but if they had resisted and slain Turks, they must 
 remain captives. I replying that if they killed any in their 
 own defence it was no crime, he proposed that certificate of 
 the true state of the case should be made by the Bassa and 
 Caddee of Morea. I opposed this, as being parties concerned, 
 and he has referred the matter to the General of the Fleet at 
 Scio. I have written to the consul at Smyrna to send the 
 commands to him by some person of discretion, and to make 
 him a present to incline him to favour our cause, "without 
 which, in this country, no justice can be expected." Hereafter 
 all captains should be warned "to be very careful! in their 
 wooding on the Turkish shoare." Letter Book, p. 257. 4 pp. 
 [The original letter is in S.P. Turkey, but it has been calendared 
 here at some length, as the matters of which it treats are frequently 
 alluded to afterwards.] 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHTLSEA. 
 
 1662, May 21. Aleppo. Complaining of the " very trouble- 
 some " conduct of the Emyn, in insisting on their goods being 
 " embaled " only in packages of a certain size. The French 
 and Dutch have given him presents, in order to get permission 
 to make larger ones, but the English factors think this a 
 dangerous precedent and wish the consul to withstand him. 
 They entreat his Excellency to procure an order for embaling 
 as formerly and to get their hatcheriffe renewed or confirmed 
 before the general ships arrive, otherwise the Emyn will 
 certainly use his utmost power to prejudice the factory ; 
 and he has so wrought with the Caddee that the latter takes 
 his part. 1 pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to THE SAME. 
 
 1662, May 22. Whitehall. I am much obliged to your 
 lordship for the kind expressions in yours of the 12th of March. 
 
 " By our last letters from our Fleet in the Streightes wee 
 have notice of a sharp encounter between Sir Jo[hn] Lawson 
 and severall of the Algiers pirates in the port of Bugia, where 
 our men by a brave and resolute action in the heat of seven 
 forts and severall Turkish men of warre, tooke four vessells 
 laden with corne intended for the supply of Algiers, disabled 
 and seized their Admirall, and sunke their Vice-Admirall. 
 The Dutch have endeavoured a peace with those of Algiers, 
 haveing in order to it, admitted of divers unworthy passages, 
 and condescended to a sordid truce for eight months ; but 
 the articles projected for the future peace and offered to them 
 by those pyrates, were immediately rejected by the States
 
 200 
 
 Generall as dishonourable, but indeed for not being of any 
 advantage to them in their trade, so as they have resolved 
 to addresse themselves to his Majesty, for a future conjunction 
 of their forces against those common ennemyes of commerce 
 and good order. The 14th instant her Majesty the Queen, 
 after a long and troublesome passage of thirty-one dayes, 
 landed happily att Portsmouth, whither his Majesty went 
 hence on Munday in the evening ; haveing that day passed 
 severall publicke bills of great importance, as those of the 
 Militia, of Uniformity, of an Imposicion of 2s. upon each 
 chimney, and so prorogueing the parliament till the 28th of 
 February next . . . . . the King and his parliament 
 are parted with perfect demonstracions of mutuall satisfacion 
 and confidence, which crowns all their other expressions of 
 loyalty and devocion to his Majesty. . . ." 
 
 P.S. "This day by letters from Portsmouth, the newes 
 was brought of his Majesty's being married there yesterday ; 
 which Heaven blesse with a numerous progeny." Signed. 2pp. 
 Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1662, May 24. Pera. The terror of his Majesty's fleet 
 has driven those of Algier to seek refuge under the protection 
 of the Grand Signor, and they have begged him to send them 
 a new Bassa, whom they promise to obey. This has persuaded 
 the ministers here that Algier is again wholly loyal, and a part 
 of the Grand Signer's dominions, and therefore not to be 
 subdued by any other Prince without a breach of peace. But 
 as the Grand Signor will not create more enemies than he 
 can encounter, he publicly disavows the piracies of Barbary, 
 yet covertly encourages them to spoil the Christians, and 
 to all complaints of damage done by them gives one answer : 
 that their ships may be destroyed at sea, but their towns and 
 forts are not to be touched without his revenge. " This I 
 speak not with any respect to my owne preservation ; for let 
 his Majestie in his wisdome consult his owne renowne, and 
 by other successes make a recompense for the losse of trade here, 
 and let mee and mine bee a sacrifice for the glory of his Majesty 
 and the welfare of my count rie." 
 
 There is now so good hopes of compliance between the 
 Company and me that I believe I shall not need to appeal 
 to his Majesty. The peace with the Emperor is partly con- 
 cluded. Letter Book, p. 261. 1| pp. [Original letter in S.P., 
 Turkey.]* 
 
 THE SAME to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1662, May 26. Pera. Giving an account of the business 
 of the Anne frigate. Adds the information that the affair 
 
 * For six months from this date, there are no letters from Winchilsea 
 amongst the State Papers, Turkey, at the Public Record Office.
 
 201 
 
 was accidental, for the Bassa himself, passing by the place 
 called the Black mountain, between Patras and Gastone, saw 
 the great ship riding and sent to see what she was. The 
 Turks finding some cutting wood, supposed them to belong to 
 the Venetian fleet, and fell upon them, killing eleven and taking 
 eleven more captive. In the encounter, two Agas [officers], 
 with others, were killed on the Turks' side. Has written " a very 
 effectual letter " to the Captain Bassa [Lord Admiral], to whom 
 the matter is referred, but " as none in this country come 
 ever to demand a favour with empty hands," a present to the 
 value of a hundred or a hundred and twenty pounds will be 
 necessary. Hopes his lordship will accept his bills for this 
 amount, as it would not be fair to charge it upon the merchants. 
 Letter Book, p. 262. \\ pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE CAPTAIN BASSA. 
 
 1662, May 26. Pera. A ship of war belonging to the King 
 of England's fleet, arriving in the Morea as convoy to some 
 merchant vessels, and being in great need of wood, sent some 
 sailors on shore at the Monte Negro to get some from a little 
 wood by the sea, far from any inhabited place. But while 
 so engaged, and doing harm to no one, some horsemen came 
 upon them and seized twenty two of them, who remain slaves 
 in the hands of the Bassa of Morea. Upon hearing of this, 
 we made complaint to the Vizier Azem, who has remitted 
 the affair to your Excellency, as also the execution of his 
 orders against Durach Bey and Zachari Effendi, who have 
 been the ruin of our trade in those parts ; of all which your 
 Excellency will be the better informed by the bearer of this, 
 to whom we pray you to give credence on our behalf. Italian. 
 Ibid. p. 265. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE BASSA OF MOREA. 
 
 1662, May 26. Pera. Demanding justice against certain 
 of the Bassa 's officers, who for years have spoiled the English 
 with impunity. And now, the mariners of a ship of war 
 belonging to the King of England have been murdered or 
 made slaves, simply for cutting some wood in a desert place. 
 The Vizier has forbidden the permitting of any such disorders 
 in the future, and has resolved that the Bassa shall give account 
 of his proceedings to the Captain Bassa. Hopes, however, 
 that his Excellency will not only liberate the Englishmen, but 
 remedy the other injuries done to the English nation, so that 
 the King, his master, may not need to lay a complaint before 
 the Porte. Italian. Ibid. p. 264. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIGNOR MARC ANTONIO DOLFINI. 
 
 1662, May 26. Pera. Stating that he has received letters 
 from the King his master, desiring him to do his utmost to
 
 202 
 
 effect Signer Dolfini's liberty, which he shall most heartily do 
 whenever his Excellency Balarino shall judge that a fitting 
 opportunity has arrived. Italian. Letter Book, p. 264. p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to ADMIRAL Sra JOHN LAWSON* 
 
 1662, June 13. Pera. Yours of April 29 tells me of the 
 honourable peace with Algier effected by your valour, diligence 
 and wisdom. I wish all your endeavours may be crowned 
 with the like success and that you may return home from 
 Tunis and Tripoli with new laurels, to the increase of his 
 Majesty's glory. I told Lord Sandwich of my conference with 
 the new Bassa of Algier before he departed hence, whom I 
 found very inclinable to a peace with his Majesty. I have 
 now dispersed an account of your negotiations in the English 
 factories of this country, and to ships departing this place 
 shall give a pass or certificate to evidence them subjects of 
 our King. 
 
 I shall take it as a particular favour if you will send me a 
 copy of the new capitulations at Algier (and any others) as soon 
 as possible. 
 
 At your arrival at Tunis, I doubt not but you will hear of 
 the surprise of the William and Sarah by pirates of Tripoli, 
 who took out of her not only strangers' goods but English ones 
 of very considerable value. If you could make a demand 
 there, it would be of more force than any orders sent from 
 here. Ibid. p. 266. 1 pp. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, June 30. Smyrna. Concerning an assault made by 
 certain Turks of the Captain Bassa's galley upon some of the 
 English merchants (in which one of the Turks was wounded), 
 and the Turks' unjust accusations afterwards. The Captain 
 Bassa, in a rage, demanded that the merchants should be 
 delivered to him to be tried, but the consul, " not being willing 
 to expose our merchants to the fury of a Bassa whose power 
 was unlimited," has arranged matters by a money payment 
 of 2,050 dollars. 2 pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to PATRICK SYMPSON. 
 
 1662, July 1. Pera. Has received his letter, with the 
 recommendations of his business from his Majesty and Prince 
 Zamoisky, and will afford all the assistance imaginable in his 
 power. All he can do at present is to inhibit all subjects of 
 his Majesty from intermeddling with any potashes transported 
 from Moldavia, and obtain the like from the Dutch and French. 
 Hopes this may constrain Sympson's adversaries to yield to 
 a reasonable composition. Ibid. p. 268. p. 
 
 Also, letter to Prince Zamoiski on the same subject. Ibid. 
 p. 268. p.
 
 203 
 
 THE EARL OF WINOHILSEA to FATHER EUSEBIO VKLLES, 
 Guardian of the Holy Land. 
 
 1662, July 10-20. Pera. I have received your Reverence's 
 letters by Fra. Pacifico di Bonifacio, sent as commissioner 
 to this Porte, to whom, both for his sacred function and his 
 own merit, I will give all possible aid and protection. I have 
 also by him received the model of the Temple of the Holy 
 Sepulchre and the Holy Manger, for which presents, both for 
 what they represent and for their exquisite workmanship, I 
 offer warmest thanks, judging them well worthy of my master's 
 acceptance, to whom I have sent them with assurances of the 
 kindness of the Holy Family towards me, in response to which 
 I doubt not to receive fresh orders from his Majesty to pay 
 the utmost attention to the weighty affairs of the Holy Land. 
 But truly, during the rule of this present Vizier, who is the 
 greatest possible enemy of the Christians, as is shown by his 
 destruction of the burnt churches in Galata, there will not be 
 opportunity to make any claim upon the places usurped by 
 the Greeks ; for it will be as much as we can do to keep the 
 privileges and churches which are still held, without disturbance, 
 unless God should soon provide a remedy for their insolence 
 and a solace for the churches in this dominion, when I might 
 with better success give proof of my devotion to the Holy 
 Land. Italian. Letter Book, p. 269. 1 p. 
 
 Also, letter to Fra. Domenico del Ardizaval, Procurator of 
 the Holy Land, to the same effect. Italian. Ibid. p. 270. 
 IP- 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1662, July 10. Therapea. My controversy with the Com- 
 pany being now decided, only two things remain which concern 
 me, viz. : ejecting out of court those who petitioned me, 
 and disallowing Mr. Death's accounts for what he paid Consul 
 Isaacson by vote of the factory, confirmed by my warrant. 
 " For the former, I slight it, as well as the factors, and for 
 the latter, the sum is not so great as to deserve debate or create 
 new quarrels about it, only it is heavy when it falls on a single 
 person." The Company's action cannot be justified, they 
 having made the factory judges of their expences ; and I, being 
 by his Majesty's commission a judge here in matters between 
 his subjects, could not but do right to Mr. Death, even against 
 the Company themselves. I pray you, use your persuasions 
 in his behalf. Ibid. p. 271. l pp. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1662, July 10. Therapea. As my settlement in my charge 
 does not afford so much matter as the novelty of my first 
 entrance, I shall only in cases of moment or when my affection 
 enjoins me to enquire after your Lordship's health and
 
 204 
 
 condition trouble you with my letters, although in my writing 
 " I so fancy the presence and conversation of your Lordship, 
 that the very action becomes full of contentment and satis- 
 faction." For my health, an indisposition of five or six weeks, 
 though not so violent as to confine me to my bed, has made 
 me very weak, but thank God I am now upon the amendment. 
 Though I am far, and like to be long absent, I know that 
 your favour will not be abated, nor your affection forgot, 
 when it shall please God to bring me home again. Letter 
 Book, p. 272. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1662, July 12. Therapea. I send you copies of the King 
 of France his letters to the Grand Signer and Vizier, and the 
 Vizier's answers thereto, concerning the admission of Monsieur 
 " Le Haye," the son, to this embassy. The Grand Signor returned 
 no answer save by his Vizier, "because as they say, in all 
 their registers and archives they find no examples that ever 
 the Grand Signor wrote to any Christian Prince who had 
 not his Embassadour residing actually at the Porte." 
 
 The peace with Germany is said to be interrupted " about 
 the surrender of a castle in Transilvania into the hands of 
 the Turkes, from whence they have been by the Imperiall 
 armes forced to retreat with a considerable losse." 
 
 I send you four pots of sherbet ; if you like it, pray advise 
 me, that I may send you more. I have lately been very sick 
 of a fever and ague but am now (God be praised) upon my 
 recovery. An Ambassador from Poland is speedily expected 
 here. Ibid. p. 273. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL or ST. ALBANS to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, July 19. Paris. Being upon the point of leaving this 
 kingdom and my ambassage, 'tis a duty I owe to the ambassage 
 to give you notice of it, and 'tis a duty I owe to my inclinations 
 to pay you my respects and offer you my humble service. 
 
 " I am going this jorney, which begins Monday next, with 
 the quen my mistres, who after the banishment of many years 
 is returning to Ingland with the resolution of ending her life 
 near the King her sonne. She is invited with soe muche 
 tendernes of his part and goes soe willingly of her owne part 
 that it is to be expected they will afford one another very great 
 consolations, and if please God to continue those beginnings 
 of quiet and settlement that by his good hand seem to be 
 layed at present they are like to be very hapy, and his Majesty 
 one of the greatest Kings that our nation hath ever had. I 
 leave heere a flourishing kingdom and hope to find one at 
 home in the same condition, I am certayn it was soe a moneth 
 since when I parted, and thear is nothing but good happened 
 since. They will be preserved soe very muche by the happy
 
 205 
 
 union that is now between them whiche continuing they will 
 have very little to fear either from forrain enimies or domestik 
 embroilments." Holograph. 2 pp. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WENCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, July 31. Smyrna. Stating that, in conformity with 
 his Excellency's warrant, he has seized certain goods of 
 Mr. Thos. Farrington, who had refused to pay the Company's 
 " brokes " and used reviling language to the officers. 1| pp. 
 Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE PRINCE OF VENICE. 
 
 1662, Aug. 3. Pera. Offering thanks for the magnificent 
 gift by which his Highness had added to the already weighty 
 obligation which he had conferred in presenting (by the person 
 of his minister) Winchilsea's little son at the font. Latin. 
 Letter Book, p. 275. \ p. 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, Aug. 4. London. Yours of the 20th of May, after 
 long delays, is come safe to hand. 
 
 " In my last to your Lordshipp I gave you an account of 
 the peace Sir John Lawson (his Majesty's Vice-admirall in 
 the Mediterranean) had att length forced those of Algiers 
 to condescend to ; which yields us the same termes wee att 
 first demanded in our trade in those parts. Since which 
 Sir John being jealous the Articles were not in some particulars 
 so full or cleare in the Turkish (for he had likewise made them 
 made them signe a translacion of them in French which is 
 very ample) he hath since returned before Algiers, and caused 
 them to signe another draught in Turkish, which in some 
 points is fuller than the former, and more to the advantage of 
 his Majesty's subjects ; whereupon he is since with his 
 squadron gone to oblidge Arzilla to the like aggreement with 
 his Majesty, whereof wee doubt not but to receive a good 
 account speedily, as also of those other of Tunis and Tripoly, 
 whose condition will certainly follow that of Algiers in this 
 particular. This peace with Algiers, together with the good 
 condicion of his Majesty's affaires att Tanger (whither the 
 Earle of Peterburgh is speedily to returne with a considerable 
 supply of provisions) gives no small creditt to his Majesty's 
 Government and interest in those parts ; and came especially 
 seasonable to the state our affaires was then in with Holland, 
 who had been severall months undermineing us in that peace 
 with Algiers, and endeavouring to monopolise their friendship 
 to themselves by base and unworthy condescensions. Their 
 Majestys are yett att Hampton Court, but intend to returne 
 hither in few dayes. The Queen Mother arrived from France
 
 206 
 
 the last weeke, and remaines att Greenwich till Somersett 
 house be ready to receive her. All things continue very well 
 and quiett here, notwithstanding the malicious designes of 
 some inveterate rebellious spiritts. It is reported the peace 
 between the Emperor and the Grand Signore is concluded, 
 att least the Court of France endeavour to begett creditt in 
 the world to that rumour." 
 
 Postscript. Mr. Isaacson is arrived and has brought me the 
 bottle and six portfeuilles. They are the finest of the kind 
 I have ever seen and I return my humble acknowledgments 
 for them. Signed. 2 pp. 
 
 SIR JOHN NICHOLAS to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, Aug. 4. Whitehall. I have received your letter 
 by Mr. Isaacson, and acknowledge myself so much obliged 
 to your lordship that neither he nor any other recommended 
 by you shall want my utmost service. 
 
 I am almost without hopes of encompassing your Lordship's 
 desire for a bed. Sir Sackville Crow, as he tells me, had not 
 any, and though Sir Thomas Bendish had an order for one 
 " yet that obtained it not." 
 
 Your Lordship is so constantly furnished with our news 
 from my father, that there is little to add. 
 
 " The peace with Holland is as good as concluded, there 
 being but one single point in difference, and that not of 
 extraordinary consequence. This will be of great advantage 
 to his Majestie's affaires abroad and at home, where the 
 seditious spirits of the Presbyterians are not kept up by any one 
 instance more then the hopes of a breach with the Low Countrys. 
 
 " My Lord of Ormond arrived safe at Dublin this day sennight, 
 where he was received with extraordinary testimonys of joy : 
 there is no doubt but by his prudent management of affairs he 
 will give his Majesty a good account of that kingdome, and 
 settle it in a florishing condition. All things are very quiet 
 and peaceble both there, in Scotland and here, though there 
 are many ill men in each who wish it otherwise, and by their 
 discourses would give an expectacion of troubles, but they are 
 no more then discourses which are given out to keepe up the 
 hearts of their party ; and they have these good effects, that 
 they make the King's friends more watchfull, and have cauvsed 
 the dismantling of Northampton, Coventry and Gloucester, 
 and the putting of some men into Shrewsbury and Chester. 
 The Militia is now setling over all the kingdome according 
 to the new Act. My Lord Treasurer is Lord Lieutenant 
 of Kent, which is only intended during your Lordship's 
 absence." 2 pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EAEL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD TREASURER 
 
 SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1662, Aug. 4. Pera. " Understanding that a new Act 
 for settling the Militia of England is to passe, by which of
 
 207 
 
 necessary consequence all commissions of Lords Lieutenants 
 must expire, I cannot but foresee that many will judge my 
 absence a fit advantage to invade my office. And herein I 
 have more ground of jealousie from the information I lately 
 received from Sir Tho. Peyton, who advises me that the Duke 
 of Richmond desires during my absence to bee my colleague. 
 Truly, my Lord, to have a partner in the office of Lieutenancy 
 suites not well where the government is monarchicall, and I 
 looke on this modest demand in the Duke to bee the first step 
 to crowd mee out, and assume the whole power unto himselfe." 
 I should despair of getting my commission renewed, if I had 
 not your Lordship to protect me, and to put his Majesty in 
 mind of his promises that my long and remote attendance 
 on his affairs should not abate his favour. If necessary, I be- 
 seech you to endeavour to obtain the Lieutenancy for yourself, 
 being assured, if the charge is in your hands, I "need neither 
 fear a co-rival or the resignment to myself when it shall please 
 God to give mee the honour and happinesse againe to see your 
 Lordshipe." 
 
 Since I wrote last, I again relapsed into a lingering fever, 
 but " am now in a hopefull way of amendment. I shall 
 endeavour what I can to conserve my health, that I may 
 live yet to see my friends at my returne." Letter Book, p. 276. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1662, Aug. 4. Pera. Concerning the Lieutenancy, to 
 the same effect as in preceding. Has received a letter from 
 the Turkey Company full of kind expressions, and answered 
 it with like civility, and has once more urged his claims for 
 increased allowances, &c. If granted, the money shall be 
 entirely devoted to the discharge of his debts in England, 
 for which also he now hopes to spare something from his 
 income. For, being at his first arrival 6,000 dollars in debt, 
 for furnishing himself with furs, household stuff and other 
 things, he has since " by frugalitie and good management 
 got allmost upon an even score," so that now every quarter 
 something considerable will give a helping hand towards the 
 conquest of his English debts. Does not wish this to be 
 known, as he desires to surprise his friends, "without raising 
 them to impatience and a high expectation." Ibid. p. 277. 
 H PP- 
 
 THE SAME to SIR THOMAS PEYTON. 
 
 1662, Aug. 4. Pera. Yours of the 7th of April was 
 infinitely grateful. Your apprehension of what I may expect 
 from such co-rivals as the Duke of Richmond is no groundless 
 jealousy, and I doubt not but that I should be supplanted 
 had I not some friends at home to appear in my behalf. I
 
 208 
 
 have written this post to my Lord Treasurer and my Cousin 
 Solicitor, who, together with your assistance, are, I am 
 confident, sufficient to encounter any party. 
 
 I should, without any other information, have " judged 
 your own regiment in a good and orderly posture," whatever 
 I may think of others, who from differences amongst them- 
 selves or want of knowledge, " suffer the publicke affair to 
 runne into the present confusion. I have wrote to my deputy 
 Lieutenants ... to perswade them to an unitie, that 
 the common businesse may not through private piques receive 
 any interruption." Letter Book, p. 278. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA to THE DEPUTY LIEUTENANTS 
 
 OP KENT. 
 
 1662, Aug. 4. Pera. Had hoped at his departure that 
 their care of the Kentish Militia would have been such that 
 their regiments would have been in a posture to be an example 
 to other counties, " and to make those who repine at the 
 happy government of his Majestic despaire of introducing 
 what they impatiently hope for." But he is sorry to hear 
 that there is so much omission in their musters and so little 
 care of some regiments, besides divisions amongst themselves 
 and some underhand dealings, that their affairs have " runne 
 backwards, and lye open to the censure of the bordering 
 counties," and their safety to the King's enemies. Conjures 
 them, as they love their King and country, " to contend in 
 promotion of the publicke designe," which in his absence 
 will be an unspeakable contentment. Ibid. p. 279. J p. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1662, Aug. 7. " I will not deny you the satisfaction of a 
 journey to Bath, especially in your tutor's company ; not 
 that I believe it will much improve you in logick or geography, 
 but because I hope it may bee for your health, as well as your 
 content, to take a small journy and ayre yourself for a week. 
 I advise you to take a servant to wayt on you, and if you 
 use the bath, as I doe imagine you will for curiosity's sake, 
 bee sure you bee well lodged neer the place, and well tended 
 when you come out of it, for it will be necessary for you to 
 keep your bed an houre or two. . . . And because your 
 going is like to bring so much trouble with it to your tutor, 
 I require you to bear the whole charges of it. If you return 
 in convenient time, 'tis likely that Dr. Bayns will give you a 
 J visit before hee leave England. 
 
 " Mr. Brome Whorwood hath gotten a small token from 
 mee for you, 'tis such as I had then about mee, a piece of good 
 but light gold. He will offer you great freindship, for having 
 a fair estate and park near Oxford he will invite you to the
 
 209 
 
 recreations of it, which I would not have you to accept, by 
 no means. Receive the offer with civility, but let your tutor 
 refuse you that liberty. He hath undertaken to carry both 
 your tutor and you to the tavern, which 'tis possible he may 
 prevayl in, comming with a token from mee, though I should 
 be glad he might be deceivd. But by this you may guess at 
 the man, and the reason of my counsell. Your mother is in 
 good health ; your sister is thankfull for her token, and as 
 soon as she hath learned to write you are like to receive the 
 first fruits of her skill. There is a box with a silk gown sent 
 you, and the carriage paid. God Almighty blesse you. Present 
 my service to Mr. Woodruff. 1 p. Seal with crest. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to PRINCE GREGORASCO OF 
 WALLACHIA. 
 
 1662, Aug. 11. Pera. Praising the beauty of the coach 
 and horses which have safely arrived, as a gift from his 
 Excellency. When he made inquiries about them, he never 
 dreamt of their being sent as a present, and on learning from 
 the prince's father that he was not to pay for them, he felt 
 ashamed of his importunity. Can only offer grateful thanks, 
 and assurances that if he can ever be of service at the Ottoman 
 Court it will give him great satisfaction. Latin. Letter 
 Book, p. 280. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, Aug. 12. Aleppo. From the Bay of Bengal, letters 
 have come from the Chief of Ballasore, " that most of the 
 English factors are lately dead." The President writes from 
 Surat "that the Dutch at this tyme in India are the only 
 lords of the sea and sea coasts in all places where they trade, 
 and are making themselves masters of the islands of the south 
 seas, wherein all the spices are, and now only in their hands. 
 They have so farr of late prevailed upon the Portugall that 
 not above five sail of ships in a yeare are imployed by that 
 nation, and they by stealth more than strength." On the 
 coast of India they are possessing themselves " of what possible 
 can be obtained, not only against the PortugalLs, but also 
 upon the Moores and Gentues." About five years ago they 
 took some towns on the island of Zeiloan [Ceylon] " just at 
 the point of the Cape Cormorin " [and now they have taken 
 Quiloan, a port 20 leagues off the point, and*] plentiful in 
 pepper. The fishing for pearls there is their own. Cranganore, 
 ten leagues to the northward, is now besieged by them, in order 
 to the taking of Couchin. They have blocked up the haven 
 and rivers, and it is feared the Portugalls cannot hold out 
 long. The Dutch are trying to exasperate the Great Mogul 
 against them. When he was prince, he besieged a city called 
 
 * The passage in square brackets ia supplied from a duplicate of the letter. 
 Wt. 29496. FJ U
 
 210 
 
 Diu, in the bay by Goa, and was repulsed, " who burnes in 
 revenge to rout out the Portugalls." The President writes " that 
 the English East India affaires are brought to that passe that 
 they have neither honour nor reputation in that country " 
 and no commission or power to right themselves. The Great 
 Mogul has sent an ambassador to the Bassa of Basora, and 
 amongst other presents an elephant in one of his own junks, 
 which 'tis supposed the Grand Signer will not take very well ; 
 but some conceive the presents are intended for the Grand 
 Signor himself. The Dutch, " understanding of his Majesties 
 match with the Infanta of Portugal!, are very zealous to possesse 
 themselves of so much as possible, before his Majesties ships 
 may arrive to prevent them. The kingdome of India is now 
 confirmed in the hands of Orang Shaw, all his brothers and 
 their children being in his possession, only some report that 
 Sultan Sooja, the Moguls second brother, is privately gone 
 for Persia. The MoguU has cut off his younger brother, after 
 his long imprisonment." The King of Persia's ambassador 
 has arrived, and presented the Mogul with gifts to the value 
 of 200,OOOZ. sterling. Another letter from a good hand in 
 India says that the Portugals there are in a very low condition, 
 and dejected beyond measure. The Dutch have brought 
 their works within pistol-shot of Cranganore, " which when 
 they have taken, they intend for Couchin, and doubt not but 
 to make themselves masters thereof." If his Majesty send 
 considerable forces, the Portugals will certainly in time deliver 
 up their possessions to the English, rather than let themselves 
 fall into the hands of their cruel enemy the Hollander. 3 pp. 
 Seal of arms. 
 
 Also, Duplicate of the same. 
 
 M. BARON, French Consul at Aleppo, to THE EARL OF 
 
 WlNCHELSEA. 
 
 1662, Aug. [12-J22. Aleppo. Assuring his Excellency of 
 his respects and desire to serve him, and explaining that 
 Mr. Fouk's complaints to his Excellency of what the French 
 nation owes him will do him no harm " mais bien son peu de 
 conscience, et le peu de respect qu' il a eu pour ceux qui avoient 
 les ordres du roy tres Chrestien." 4 (small) pp. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE SAME. 
 
 1662, Aug. 13. Smyrna. Prays him to write " a sharp 
 letter to the factory," telling them that he expects a more 
 due obedience to his warrants, and " more stricter observance " 
 of the Company's orders. 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 1662, Aug. 14. Pera. Has received his letter of May 22 
 with the blessed news of her Majesty's safe arrival and her 
 happy conjunction with his Majesty.
 
 211 
 
 A courier from Germany has brought letters less satisfactory 
 than were expected. " The truth is, the Christian Princes, 
 perceiving the Emperour recede from his resolutions of warre 
 with the Turke, which before were laboured for with so 
 much violence and interest by Rome and all Italy, and that 
 the cause proceeded from feare of what dangers might arise 
 to the Emperour in Alsatia after his engagement with so 
 powerfull an adversary, have againe renewed their endeavours 
 to take off the jealousie of any designe of the King of France 
 against the Emperour ; which being also seconded by protesta- 
 tions from that King, to afford him all help and assistance 
 and not to encroach the least foot upon his dominions, hath 
 produced great uncertaintie in the Councell of the Emperour, 
 resolving to leave the determination to the diet at Possonia. 
 . . . The Turkes, guessing at the designe, presse the 
 Emperour's resident either to have a present peace or a speedy 
 declaration of warre, which puts him on all the artifices and 
 contrivances hee can imagine to follow his master's instructions 
 to continue the businesse for some time in a dubious condition. 
 : . . He seemes much dejected, and anxious of the successe 
 of the warre, which as hee sayes, is commonly on that side 
 most prosperous which is most inclinable to peace " ; and 
 the Turkes being most reasonable in their propositions and 
 desirous to avoid a war. 
 
 There are rumours of the revolt of Mortaza, late Bassa 
 of Babylon, " a man of great courage and good conduct ; 
 hee was said to have an army of 46,000 men, and that hee was 
 fled to one of the most powerfull Arab Kings and married his 
 daughter," but the report begins to abate. Letter Book, 
 p. 281. 1| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHELSEA to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1662, Aug. 19. Pera. The Reis-Effendi or Lord Chancellor 
 [sic] has acquainted the German resident that the Grand Signer 
 allows the Emperor three months to send an ambassador 
 to confirm the articles lately agreed upon, and to demolish 
 the fort built by Count Isdring. The next day the Grand 
 Signer gave orders to prepare immediately for war, but it 
 has been resolved to defer the expedition till next spring. " The 
 French nation have been threatened to bee wholly destroyed 
 in their estates here if they bee found, as is reported, fomentours 
 and causers of this warre." Ibid. p. 282. 1 p. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1662, Aug. 23. Saturday. I send you the enclosed from 
 your brothers, and would be glad you should return them 
 an answer " without acquainting your tutor, or seeking his 
 style, or at least his pencill, to amend your own. This kind 
 of artifice deceives nobody but the young student, for who
 
 212 
 
 does not know when the crow wears her own feathers. 
 Dr. Bayns hath written you a large treatise of good counsell 
 in his own phrase, which, though I know you do not want, 
 yet I would have you take kindly when you see him, for he 
 that intends a respect to you must always find himselfe 
 respected agayn. 
 
 " I charge you to frequent the publique prayers, and study 
 to reverence and defend, as well as to obey, the Church of 
 England. You will give mee but a sadd account of your 
 time in the University if you return either factious or indifferent 
 in the point of religion. Nothing can betray you to errors 
 in religion sooner then the having too good an opinion of 
 those who are not sound themselves. Bee sure you never 
 trust your own judgment in things of this nature, nor submitt 
 to arguments only because you have not witt enough to answer 
 them. . . . Your brothers and sisters are all well. Send 
 .your mother an account of your journey. Your uncle and 
 I Dr. Bayns are still at Tunbridge Wells." 1 p. 
 
 [The last part of this letter~is' 'printed by Miss Pearl Finch 
 in her "History of Burley-on-the-Hill" p. 166.] 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR JOHN PEYTON. 
 
 1662, Aug. 25. Pera. Approving of his " preferring my 
 Lord Buckhurst before any other in that command " and 
 of his recourse to the Lord Treasurer for advice and assistance. 
 Letter Book, p. 283. I p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, Aug. 28. Aleppo. Our Emyn still detains our 
 cloth, tin and other goods, demanding duty in kind, which 
 would be a great vexation to the factory. He knows that 
 to take his duty thus would not be to his advantage, but hopes 
 by this means to force a present. " His carriage is very 
 faire, but he is not at all to be trusted." I question not, 
 however, but that when he sees that I will not " present him " 
 he will let the nation have their goods. The Bassa and his 
 ministers seek all occasions to hurt our nation. A few days 
 ago, some English, coming forth of a garden, found the Bassa 
 " right against the dore at prayers." They turned away, 
 but the next day, he threatened by his Capsler Chiause [one 
 of his chief servants, cf. p. 218] that if I did not make him a 
 present " the next Englishman he met, he would drub him." 
 To this I returned answer that the gentlemen had given him 
 no suspicion of affront, and that I was astonished he should 
 use such threatening words. A few days afterwards, a French 
 surgeon was fetched to a Turk dying suddenly of apoplexy. 
 On his return he was seized and kept in custody till he proved 
 that he was a Frenchman, when he was released, they " letting 
 words fall they would have done much if he had proved an 
 Englishman."
 
 213 
 
 Our nation have received their money (brought by the 
 caravan) without weighing or trouble, yet the Capsler Chiause 
 afterwards declared that the English took it by force, and 
 would not suffer the Emyn to seal or weigh it. These passages 
 will show your Excellency how ready these ministers are to 
 put trouble upon us. If you would take your opportunity 
 to lament against such dangerous practices, it might haply 
 prevent further mischief. I resolve to let the Bassa know 
 that we expect good usage, according to our capitulations, 
 and meanwhile I have ordered the factory to be careful not 
 to give the least occasion of offence. 
 
 Letters have come by the Prosperous, which has reached 
 Scanderoon. Sir John Lawson has been at Algier, and is 
 now at the Straits' mouth, waiting upon the Hollanders. 
 Sir Henry Vaine executed and quartered. Lambert was 
 brought to the place of execution and there reprieved. 2| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to COL. GIOSEPPE DETTI, 
 in Bucharest. 
 
 1662, Aug. 30. Pera. Every day brings him new proofs 
 of the affection of the prince [of Wallachia], The coach is 
 much to his liking, light and pretty, and he is full of gratitude 
 for it. Italian. Letter Book, p. 284. | p. 
 
 THE EAKL OF SANDWICH to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, Aug. 31. Whitehall. Your lordship's letters testify 
 both your great care and wisdom for the King's service, and 
 your respect to my own particular, for which I return you 
 many thanks. Our differences with Algier and Tunis are 
 ended, " wherein I hope the Grand Signior will finde content, 
 in that there needs noe further trouble to reconcile us " ; but 
 the Tripolizes we are yet in doubt of. A squadron is going 
 thither to endeavour a peace with them, and you will do a 
 very good work if you can bring the Grand Signior to 
 promote it. 
 
 " It is no small comfort to me that his Majesty's affairs 
 have succeeded so well in the Mediterranean, and that God 
 hath prospered us with a happy conclusion of the voyage in 
 bringing home the Queen safe unto the King my master, a 
 foundation of great happynes to the nation." 
 
 Being now at home again I shall be happy to receive any 
 instructions whereby I may do you service. Signed. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1662, Sept. 2. Pera. His Majesty having conferred an 
 ample commission on Mr. Giles Jones as consul at Venice, 
 has excited the envy of his adversaries, which may probably 
 " blast him " in the King's esteem. Knew him at Venice 
 five or six years ago as a person of loyal principles, and zealous
 
 214 
 
 towards his Majesty, besides the " reputation hee had as to 
 other matters in the world," and recommends him as one 
 worthy of countenance and favour. Letter Book, p. 284. \ p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, Sept. 2. Aleppo. Letters from Surat advise me 
 of the taking of Cranganore by the Hollanders. There were 
 300 soldiers prisoners and the Portugal governor was slain 
 in the siege. The Hollanders were gone on to besiege Couchin, 
 which if they take, it will be a great loss to the English trade, 
 " in regard it will be difficult to procure pepper, cardamons, 
 and cassia ligna." 
 
 The Dutch admiral, Ruyter, has been with his squadron 
 at Algier, to demand the same articles as ours, but was 
 repulsed. The Algier men of war have taken seven Hamburgers, 
 one Biscay man of war, and two Spanish ships coming from 
 the West Indies to Cadiz. 
 
 The Spaniards have taken a frontier town from the 
 Portugalls, losing 4,000 men in taking it. " Suddenly after 
 arrived my Lord in Chequeene [Inchiquin] with his forces, 
 and it was thought there would be a sudden engagement." 
 There is a report that the peace between England and Holland 
 is absolutely concluded, but my letters mention no such thing. 
 lp. 
 
 On the same sheet : A copy of the letter of Aug. 28. 
 
 CHARLES II to THE SAME. 
 
 1662, Sept. 12. Whitehall. Desiring him to obtain the 
 Grand Signior's barrat [warrant] for John Erlisman, Esq., 
 appointed agent and consul at Tunis. Sign manual, counter- 
 signed by Morice. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE SAME. 
 
 1662, Sept. 12. Smyrna. Is sending Thomas Farrington to 
 Constantinople, in compliance with his Excellency's warrant, 
 but prays that if he acknowledges his fault and promises 
 future obedience, he may be received into favour. Is sorry 
 "'to see some of the factory soe farr abett Mr. Farrington's 
 cause, to accompany him in nature of a triumph out of town." 
 2 pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1662, Sept. 15. Aleppo. Sending a long account of the 
 unjust dealings of the Bassa and other ministers. 
 
 A number of the factory were one day riding out, accom- 
 panied by one of the Consul's janissaries, when the said 
 janissary, by accident, rid over a boy and hurt his forehead.
 
 215 
 
 The janissary immediately took out a hodgett [affidavit] for his 
 protection and satisfied the boy's father for the child's hurt ; 
 but the Bassa clapt him into chains and threatened to 
 strangle him if he would not accuse the Franks of having 
 done it. He also sent for the father and mother, and 
 threatened to ruin them unless they would declare the same. 
 He next demanded " the seven Franks who were abroad 
 that day " that he might proceed against them for the shedding 
 of Turkish blood. The Consul refused to give them up, stating 
 that it was well known that no Frank had hurt the child ; 
 that the janissary had acknowledged having done it, and that 
 if he came to the Bassa, he should bring the whole nation 
 with him. In the end, the Bassa sent for the Consul and 
 the nation, and produced witnesses, poor people, who swore 
 that a Frank had done it. The Consul boldly declared that 
 the witnesses were false and ought to be hanged at the city 
 gates, that his duty was to protect his countrymen, not to 
 betray them, that if he could not have justice there, he would 
 seek it at Constantinople, " and so left them." When he 
 went out into the court of the seraglio, he was met by the 
 Capsler Chiause, who told him he was committed to the castle 
 by the Bassa, and forced him to go along with him, but after 
 two hours he was released. 
 
 The next day he summoned the nation to consult what 
 was best to be done, and it was resolved that every man 
 should keep his own house until the Consul gave him orders to 
 go forth ; that the trade should be " battulated " and the houses 
 kept shut up, until his Excellency could provide for their 
 security, otherwise both the factory and the estates of their 
 principals might be ruined. The Bassa and Caddee have 
 now made hodgetts that a Frank did it, and that the boy is 
 dead. For his Excellency's satisfaction, the Consul has 
 taken the oaths of Mr. Samuel Broad and Mr. Francis 
 Hemsworth, two of the factory who saw the janissary do 
 the hurt, and the whole factory are willing to swear that 
 no one of them did it. The janissary is still kept in chains 
 and hourly threatened if he will not declare a Frank did it, 
 but hitherto has refused. It would be well for him to be 
 sent for to Stamboul. The boy is quite well. 
 
 His Excellency is earnestly prayed " to prosecute this 
 business to that height that exemplary punishment may be 
 inflicted upon these ministers," for if lightly passed over, 
 the factory will daily be outraged with one false pretence 
 or other, and it will not be safe to continue there, " nor agree- 
 able with his Majesty's honour for his subjects to suffer such 
 affronts, contrary to the capitulations." The Caddee is a 
 very corrupt man, and the Chiau and Capsler Chiause are 
 very bad instruments, and have great power over the Bassa. 
 3 pp. 
 
 Enclosing : A letter from the Factory of the same date, 
 imploring his Excellency's protection from the " horrid
 
 216 
 
 affronts " now put upon them. Signed by the same factors 
 as the letter on p. 183 above, with the additional names of John 
 Sheppard, Thos. Croft, Richard Nicoll, Bezaleel Sherman, 
 Robert Priaulx, John Verney, Thos. Langham, Arthur Pyne, 
 Sam. Broad, Mun Browne, William Dickons, Thos. Hartopp. 
 2pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, Sept. 16. Aleppo. Suggesting that it would be 
 well to tell the Vizier " that the English at Aleppo were all 
 leaving and acquitting the place, and would have done it 
 by our present shipping in port, if possibly they could have 
 ended their businesse." 
 
 This may make the Vizier desirous to know the reasons, 
 which his Excellency may demonstrate to be their unjust 
 sufferings . 
 
 Postscript. The Bassa has just sent to him a person of quality, 
 by whom he finds that the said Bassa begins to repent what 
 is done, so that he hopes in two or three days to put affairs 
 in a better posture. Has been making preparations to wait 
 personally upon his Excellency, which has so frightened the 
 Bassa that he knows not what to do. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1662, Sept. 17. The Bassa has again sent to know what 
 may be done, to heal the difference. Has demanded the 
 public and condign punishment of the false witnesses, and 
 the giving up of the false hodgetts, &c., made by the Bassa and 
 the Caddee. These terms have been agreed to. 1 p. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1662, Sept. 20. Saturday. " Your mother, your brother 
 and sister are all safely returned from Kent, where I received 
 your letter, by which you write me word you had received 
 30/. of Mr. Fifeild, and yet by the enclosed note I find you 
 had not received it, but it was to bee repayd you after I had 
 payd it at London, which I could not do before this day 
 because I came not to town untill last night, yet I suppose it- 
 will come time enough. Your cosin, Edward Dering, will 
 shortly salute you with a latin epistle, by which you will find 
 he learns apace. I hope you do so too. Nothing can make me 
 happy in this world but a prospect of some vertue and industry 
 in you, which I pray God to grant you in a great proportion." 
 
 Postscript. " Present my service to Dr. Allestree, and my 
 very great thanks for that excellent sermon which hee lately 
 printed, and sent me a copy of," also to Dr. Mayne for his 
 excellent latin sermon ; " and be sure you forgett not my 
 service to your tutor." 1 p.
 
 217 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to PRINCE GREGORASCO, PRINCE 
 AND VAJVODE OF WALLACHIA. 
 
 1662, Sept. 24. Pera. Sends him some glass flasks and 
 English sweetmeats, not in any way as a return for the coach, 
 but as a very small offering of affection. Latin. Letter 
 Book, p. 285. | p. 
 
 Also, a letter to COL. GIOSEPPE DETTI at Bucharest, on the 
 same subject. Italian. Ibid, p. 285. \ p. 
 
 THE SAME to JOHN BUCKWORTH. 
 
 1662, Oct. 2. Pera. Has ordered Mr. Mun Browne, 
 treasurer at Aleppo, to invest 1,000 dollars for him in silks 
 or galls, or such other commodities as shall bring his money 
 home to the best advantage. Prays Buckworth to make 
 sale of them with all convenient speed (yet not with such haste 
 as to lose the profit of a good market), and to pay the proceeds 
 to Mr. Amos Walrond, secretary to the Duchess of Somerset 
 at Essex House, to be employed towards the payment of his 
 debts. Ibid. p. 286. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to GAMALIEL NIGHTINGALE at Aleppo. 
 
 1662, Oct. 2. Pera. Has received a present of two horses 
 from the Factory at Aleppo, which was not so welcome for 
 the value thereof (though that was very generous) as for the 
 evidence of their kindness towards him. Sends thanks to 
 Nightingale for his particular activity in the business, and 
 prays his advice concerning his design of laying out at Aleppo 
 what money he can spare for England. Ibid. p. 286. \ p. 
 
 THE SAME to his brother TORE, and the other 
 Commissioners of his estate. 
 
 1662, Oct. 2. Pera. Concerning the 1,000 dollars which 
 he is sending to England (as in the letter to Buckworth above), 
 in vested in silk and other commodities. Now that he is "ad- 
 vancing upon a clear score," he will be able to send 200/. sterling 
 quarterly, if his friends can so improve his estate thereby as to 
 make 12 per cent, profit ; otherwise, it will be a loss to send it 
 over, as he can make the like or a greater advantage here. 
 Prays them to keep 200J. (of the 500Z.) in hand, to help them- 
 selves out of " plunges or extraordinary necessities " and 
 to pay the debt to Lord Scudamore's daughter. 
 
 Postscript. Desires their care of the park at Eastwell, that 
 he may find his new woods and walks well grown at his return. 
 Ibid. p. 287. 1 p. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1662, Oct. 4. " It is a very great satisfaction to mee that 
 you have not been discouraged from pursuing those studyes
 
 218 
 
 which I require of you by any unkindness of those who desire 
 not to see any better example then they themselves are willing 
 to follow. It was my fortune there', as it is yours now, to 
 meet with the same inconvenience, and for the same reasons. 
 But you must look upon the University as the way to greater 
 things, and therefore, however others divert themselves, bee 
 you sure to keep on a constant and regular motion, and you 
 shall quickly find yourself to gett ground of your fellowes." 
 
 Your uncle and Doctor leave this town next week. 
 Dr. Allestree hath been with us and given us a good account 
 of you. 1 p. 
 
 [Mostly printed in " The History of Burley-on-the-Hill" 
 p. 166.] 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHLLSEA to THE PADRE FRA. DOMINICO 
 DEL ARZIVAL, Procurator of the Holy Land. 
 
 1662, Oct. 10. Pera. His desire daily increases to act 
 as protector to the Holy Land and to augment its privileges, 
 but he finds himself much hindered in speaking on its behalf, 
 seeing that the protection of those holy places is not mentioned 
 in the English capitulations. For this cause, the Fra. Santo 
 di Osimo, with the consent of Padre Fra. Pacifico di Bonifacio, 
 commissioner for the Holy Land, is undertaking the journey 
 to Jerusalem, to report the state of affairs and confer with his 
 Paternity how this obstacle may be removed. Italian. Letter 
 Book, p. 288. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY NICHOLAS. 
 
 1662, Oct. 16. Pera. " ... I have so wrought into the 
 good opinion of the Turks, that the great ministers doe 
 publickly in discourses of their warres against Christendome 
 declare that the Port hath no friends but the English, for 
 that in their encounters and combats at sea, they see the 
 banners of all nations displayed against them, the English 
 only excepted. The French have so ill a repute, and accounted 
 so false and perfidious, that their interpreters have an ill 
 wellcome in all their addresses, and I believe if in France 
 they were sensible how little the coming of an ambassador 
 from thence were esteemed, they would scarce venture the 
 second affront." 
 
 That you may guess how great the English interest is : 
 when I lately complained of the ill-treatment of our merchants 
 at Aleppo by the Bassa there, and demanded satisfaction, 
 the Vizier immediately promised to send a messenger to do 
 me justice, and with orders that an evil instrument of the Bassa's 
 there, one of his chief servants, whom they call his Capisler 
 chiausee, should be brought to the Porte in chains. But I 
 pursued the business yet farther, and the Vizier has promised 
 that the Bassa himself shall be removed and brought hither,
 
 219 
 
 where I shall prosecute him still farther, both as an example 
 and to secure him from taking a revenge. If the Vizier be as 
 good as his word, it will redound much to his Majesty's honour 
 here ; there being no precedent that ever an ambassador 
 had interest and power to displace a Bassa. Letter Book, 
 p. 288. \\ pp. 
 
 Enclosing : 
 
 INTELLIGENCE. 
 
 Mortaza Bassa is fled to the King of the Churts [or Kurds], 
 whose daughter he has married. The Churts are a 
 people who border upon Armenia, their country made 
 inaccessible by mountains, and the people numerous 
 and expert in war. The Vizier has ordered the Bassas 
 of Asia to be summoned to go against the Churts, and 
 demand Mortaza, but a great revolution in Georgia 
 has diverted the whole design. 
 
 The Turks have no great desire for war with the Emperor, 
 but unless their demands are complied with, they are 
 resolved (though very unwillingly) to break, and it is 
 said that 200,000 Tartarian horsemen will be joined 
 with them. The Emperor is fortifying his frontiers 
 and increasing his forces, and the German Resident 
 has given up all hopes of peace. 
 
 The Turkish merchant fleet of 70 sail, bound for 
 Alexandria, was encountered by the Venetians near 
 Samos, who are said to have taken all but 16 of them. 
 Some may have found refuge among the islands, but 
 their loss is certainly very great. Out of shame and 
 anger, they are resolved to recompense the Venetian 
 by land the ruin which he has worked them by sea, 
 and orders are given to mend the highways and bridges 
 between the mountains of Morea, the design being to 
 fall on Cataro and other Venetian territories in 
 Dalmatia. 
 
 The Emperor is fortifying his frontiers and daily increases 
 his forces. The German Resident has now no hopes of 
 peace. Ibid. p. 290. 3 pp. 
 
 THE EAKL OF WINCHILSEA to THE EARL OF SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1662, Oct. 16. Pera. I hear that the Turkey Company 
 hath presented me with 2,000 dollars, which I conceive they 
 mean to add to my yearly salary, but that it may not be a 
 precedent, they call it a gratuity. " The manner how they 
 bestow it on mee is not materiall, so I find the benefit at the 
 yeares end," as a good help towards the payment of my debts. 
 I have written the public news to Sir Edward Nicholas. If 
 your Lordship will sometimes put the King hi remembrance 
 of me and can assure me that I am still hi his memory, it
 
 220 
 
 will make the days here pass with more cheerfulness. Letter 
 Book, p. 296. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to PRINCE MICHAEL APAFI, 
 PRINCE AND VAIVODE OF TRANSILVANIA. 
 
 1662. Oct. 21. Pera. Assuring the Prince of his desire 
 to do all good offices with the Grand Signor on behalf of 
 Transilvania. Latin. Ibid. p. 297. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, Oct. 27. Smyrna. Mr. Farrington has arrived, the 
 factors have been summoned, and his Excellency's letters 
 and Farrington's submission read to them. Letters from 
 England (of Sept. 1) state that all is quiet, " onlly some 
 eighty persons of quality were discovered in the Temple* for 
 coynadge of money. . . . The French fleete and Sir John Lawson 
 mett, but the French before had taken downe their flagg, and 
 upon meeting saluted him, which was answered by Sir John." 
 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 NICOLAS PRAZMOUSKI, Grand Chancellor of Poland, to 
 
 THE SAME. 
 
 1662, Nov. 1. Leopolis [i.e. Lemberg], On behalf of 
 " Peter " Symson, merchant. Signed " Nicolas a Prazmou, 
 episcopus Luceoriensis, cancellarius regni supremus." On the 
 seal, his name appears in its Polish form. Latin. 1| pp. 
 
 STANISLAUS POTOCHI, General of Poland, to THE SAME. 
 
 1662, Nov. [1 ?]. Leopolis. To the same effect as the 
 preceding. Latin. Signed. 1 p. Seal. 
 
 JOHN CASIMIR, King of Poland, to THE SAME. 
 
 1662, Nov. 3. Leopolis. A long letter upon the business 
 of " Peter " Symson. The merchandise is specified as "merci- 
 monia distillatorum cinerum sylvestria." Signed, Joannes 
 Casimirus rex. Large and fine seal impressed on paper. Latin. 
 l\ pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE EMPEROR LEOPOLD. 
 
 1662, Nov. 5-15. Pera. Praying him to be godfather to 
 his infant son. His representative at Constantinople has been 
 persuaded to hold the child at the font and there gave him the 
 name of Leopold, on [this] St. Leopold's day ; who is therefore 
 to be consecrated to the service of his Imperial Majesty and 
 the Roman eagles. Ibid. p. 299. Latin. 1 p. 
 
 * See Cal. S.P. Dom., 1661, 1662, p. 586.
 
 221 
 
 THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA to THE STATES GENERAL. 
 
 1662, Nov. 5. Informing them that he had prayed their 
 representative at the Porte to stand sponsor, in their name, 
 to his infant son, who, he hopes, may one day serve in their 
 armies, and from their admirable discipline learn to protect 
 both his own fatherland and their dominions. Latin. Letter 
 Book, p. 300. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to COUNT LESLEY. 
 
 , 1662, Nov. 6. Pera. Informing him of his application to 
 the Emperor. Ibid. p. 301. I p. 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, Nov. 10.* Whitehall For yours of the 14th and 
 19th of August, and 2nd of September, I tender my humble 
 acknowledgments. 
 
 " Wee heare that the Emperor of Germany is soe appre- 
 hensive of the designes of France against some partes of his 
 dominions, as he is resolved to make peace with the Grand 
 Seigneur on any reasonable condicions, and some late letters 
 say the peace betweene these Emperours is alreddy concluded, 
 whereof you will (before this arrives I presume) have more 
 certeinty. I suppose you have before this the advertisement 
 of the great breach that hath bene lately betweene the Pope 
 and France upon an affront given by the pope's soldiers 
 att Rome to the Duke of Crequi, the French Ambassador 
 there, but that busines, by the Popes submission, is now like 
 to be accomodated, much to the French Kingcs honour, and 
 some say the French inclines the rather to accept of the 
 submissive offers of the Pope, that he may the better proceed 
 in his designes in Germany, which are conceaved to be great. 
 I suppose your Lordshipp will heare before this, that the 
 King our Master hath agreed with the French King to render 
 into his handes the towne of Dunkirk, which is soe full}' agreed 
 on that the King our Master hath sent some to receave the 
 sum he is to have for it att Callais, and hath given orders 
 for delivering upp Dunkerke upon the French Kinges payment 
 of 500,000 pistolls. The King having found it convenient 
 for his service to imploy a younger man in my place of 
 principall Secretarie of State, hath bene pleased to ease me 
 of the weight of these imploy ments, and to make Sir Henry 
 Bennet serve in my place, having given order for a gracious 
 recompence to me for my twenty one yeares service to him 
 and his father (of glorious memory) in that office ; I assure you 
 it was not my seeking or desire (as some here report) to with- 
 draw or retire from his Majesties service, but I hold it my 
 duty to comply therein with his Majesties judgement, in 
 
 * Tliis duto is filled in by a different hand.
 
 222 
 
 making use of a younger man ; and I have donne it in pure 
 obedience to his Majesty's pleasure, who conceaves this change 
 wilbe for the advantage of his affaires, which I humbly tender 
 and preferre to any interest of myne ; his Majestic is pleased 
 to continue me still one of his privy Councell, and I shall 
 serve him faithfully in that place. Your addresses are therefore 
 henceforth to be to Mr. Secretarie Bennet, or Mr. Secretarie 
 Morrice on all occasions relating to your Lordshipps imploy- 
 ment for his Majesties service. If I may in anything be of 
 use to your lordshipp, I reteyne still the same affecion to 
 serve you, thoughe I have lesse power." 
 
 Postscript. ' ' When anything shalbe in my way to serve 
 Mr. Gil[es] Jones, consul! at Venice, I shall not forget that 
 he hath bene especially recommended to me by your 
 Lordshipp." 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE DUCHESS OF SOMERSET. 
 
 1662, Nov. 12. Pera. It hath pleased God to give me 
 another son, born on the 28th of October, and made a Christian 
 on the 5th of November, when the residents of Germany and 
 Holland " vouchsafed me the honour, in behalf of their Masters 
 the Emperor and the States Generall, to substitute themselves 
 godfathers at the font, and gave him the name of Leopold 
 William." Your Grace's former goodness towards me has 
 given me confidence to conjoin you as gossip with them, " for 
 having received this blessing from your Grace on all my children 
 at their baptisme, I should account this unhallowed and 
 unfortunate to bee only exempted from your Grace's 
 benediction." My wife is in perfect health and comforted 
 with the hope to live and return again to the blessing of your 
 society. Letter Book, p. 303. 1 p. 
 
 GAMALIEL NIGHTINGALE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, Nov. 13. Aleppo. Thanking him for his gracious 
 letter, and only regretting that they could not procure " more 
 beautiful horses " to send to him. 
 
 Mr. Mun Browne has put all his Excellency's commands in 
 execution ; " a more punctuall and abler person " could not 
 have been preferred. 
 
 " These tymes are so verry dead as wee are at a stand how 
 to make any investments advantagious. Our last letters 
 from England advise whyte silk to bee the best commodity, 
 in respect but little lately gonne ; at present it is reasonable 
 here, yet probable will ryse upon shipping comeing in, which 
 we shall have in quantyty this spring." 1| pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1662, Nov. 13. Aleppo. Our general ship, the Dover 
 Merchant, and the Prosperous are now both dispatched. The
 
 223 
 
 Dover Merchant, a very rich ship, intends directly for England ; 
 the other will touch at Legorne. I hope we shall now pass 
 without disturbance till July next, at which time we may 
 expect another general ship, and I trust by then our hatasherijf 
 will be renewed. 
 
 Your Excellency's last tells us " that our Bassa would 
 be mezouled" [disgraced] and a new one sent in his place, 
 but that the Grand Vizir expected a present for it. When he 
 is mezoukd, I shall take out ars [certificate] against him, but 
 whilst he is here, shall be very careful to give him no advantage 
 against our nation. A person of quality desired me to meet 
 the Bassa at a banquet in his garden, but I excused myself, 
 saying that I had made my complaint at Stambole against 
 him ; that such proceedings could not be passed by without 
 full reparation, and that " I durs't not for my head but acquaint 
 your Excellency with what had past. . . . 
 
 " A few days past, the Patriarchs both of the Greek and 
 Armenian Churches, with severall Bishops of the Latin Church, 
 came to visitt me, where they mencioned under what grievous 
 oppressions they were, and to what an extremity of poverty 
 their people were reduced . . . praying God for your 
 Excellency's happinesse as the only instrument of their hopes 
 in opening the dore that their complaints might be heard 
 against their oppressours, which before was shutt against them. 
 I incouraged them not to feare our Bassa, who, I assured them 
 would be suddainely called to an account, and I doubted not 
 but would be removed, if not cut off. I further advised 
 them to stand firme, and to be ready with their witnesses 
 against him when occasion should offer." The Bassa has 
 been trying to bribe some of the Christians to declare that 
 he has not extorted more from them than other Bassas have 
 done, but such care has been taken by the Patriarchs that 
 he has not prevailed. 
 
 A Cappigee Bassa [chamberlain] is come to the Seraglio 
 from Constantinople, but as your Excellency said none was 
 to be sent, I have taken no notice of him. 
 
 The President at Surat writes me that the Dutch " in a 
 boasting vanity brought to Swallow [Suwali] Marine, ten 
 miles from Surat, 300 poor prisoners, Portugalls, amongst 
 which were five persons of quality, and turned them almost 
 naked on shoare." The President has sent 200 in a vessel 
 to Dainaon [Daman] to one of their own cities, and the other 
 hundred he treated three days, and having refreshed them, 
 sent them over land. The condition of the Portugalls is 
 such that if his Majesty does not presently help them, the 
 Dutch will root them out. The Dutch were going to the 
 Mogul with a large present of horses and Japan rarities, and 
 it was believed their design was to crave leave to take Diu 
 and Dainaon ; one lying on one side of the bay called Cambay, 
 and the other on a headland against it, " which, if he should 
 grant, the port of Suratt were lost, and all India as to trade
 
 224 
 
 for any but themselves ; not a juncke could pass out but at 
 their pleasure. . . . The Dutch have three times indeavoured 
 to take Couchin by storme, but with the losse of many men 
 they have still bin beaten off by the valiant Governor, Signer 
 Ignatio Seremento." If his soldiers, black and white, be 
 resolute and faithful, the Hollanders will not take it this 
 year, and for the next, the Portugals hope to be under his 
 Majesty's protection. The Queen of Couchin, a woman of 
 100 yeares of age, is a prisoner aboard the Dutch ships. They 
 intend to carry her for Batavia. 3 pp. On the same sheet 
 as the letter of the 15th. 
 
 Nov. 15. -Since writing the above, I have learned how 
 diligent the Cappigee Bassa hath been in serving the Bassa's 
 interest, "not in the least appearing a friend of the Christians ; 
 nor producing any command . . . from the Grand 
 Signer or Grand Vizier." It has been agreed between the 
 Bassa and the Caddee that the latter should write to 
 the Grand Vizier, saying how willing the Bassa is to give the 
 Christians satisfaction, and asking if the money shall be 
 paid to the Grand Signer's use or repaid to the Christians. 
 It is feared from this that the money will go to the Grand 
 Signer or the Vizier, " to procure prejudice against the 
 Christians "; to prevent which the Patriarchs entreat you to 
 procure audiences with the Vizier for their deputies there, 
 that they may rightly state their case before their enemies 
 have corrupted his judgment. 
 
 The whole Factory has just come to entreat me to recom- 
 mend earnestly to you the matter of the Bassa. Everyone 
 in these parts is enquiring what reparation we have had or 
 are like to have, and if something remarkable is not done, 
 they conceive our condition will be more dangerous than 
 before. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, Nov. 17. Smyrna. Complaining that the French 
 consul has persuaded a Ragusean ship to come in under his 
 protection, and praying his Excellency to inform the Resident 
 of that Commonwealth at Constantinople of what the captain 
 has done, " contrary to his agent's advice here," and to ask 
 him to send orders to the said captain " to leave the French " 
 and follow the agent's directions. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1662, Nov. 18. Aleppo. Further complaints in relation to 
 the Emyn's claim to take his duty in kind. 
 
 Concerning Mr. Lowther, Lannoy has laboured therein as 
 for himself, and will continue to give Mr. Hartopp assistance 
 until the Emyn pays him, which he believes will be very 
 shortly. 1 pp.
 
 225 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1662, Nov. 23. Pera. Concerning the birth of his child 
 (at whose baptism the German Resident cast about his neck a 
 gold chain with a medal of the Emperor), the money given him 
 by the Turkey Company, the money disbursed at Algier, &c. 
 
 Sir Thomas Peyton informed me "of the danger my office 
 of lieutenancy incurred by the Duke of Richmond, but [I] 
 did not in the least suspect any secret or concealed contrivance 
 in him against me, no more than I had reason to hope for so 
 entire and seasonable friendship and favour from my Lord 
 Chancellour ; and therefore the present made to him in my 
 name of the Greeke Gospell I so well approve of, that I know 
 not on whom it could have been bestowed or placed with 
 more advantage." Your expedient of placing my lieutenancy 
 in the Lord Treasurer's hands till my return, I heartily approve 
 of, " being infinitely satisfied to have any charge or trust of 
 mine reposed in so secure and able hands." 
 
 The breach of peace between the Emperor and the Grand 
 Signer seems every day more wide. It is murmured that if 
 the Grand Signor marches next spring to the frontiers, the 
 Vizier intends to demand the company of some Christian 
 ambassador, "so as to be ready to interpose upon treaties 
 and accommodations (as the like example was in the person 
 of the English Embassadour, in the last warre with Germanic)." 
 My desire to escape so troublesome an engagement will put 
 me to oppose it to the utmost of my power, but when my 
 denial can be no further safe, I must submit ; in which case 
 I would gladly know of you whether I had not better send 
 my wife to England rather than continue her here, in a 
 barbarous and desolate country, during my absence with the 
 Turkish Court ; which, how long it may be, one, two or three 
 years, it is impossible to divine. The journey also would 
 involve expense, the Grand Signer's allowance not clearing 
 all charges, which I should not like to charge the Company 
 with, yet have not power to impose upon his Majesty. I 
 infinitely desire your advice and counsel. 
 
 I have here an eagle's stone, from the Egyptian deserts 
 near Lybia, which " for the virtue and rarity of it " I intend 
 to present to your lady. I have also a mummy coming from 
 Grand Cairo which I shall send to you to dispose of, either 
 to his Majesty or my Lord Chancellor, as you think would be 
 most acceptable. 
 
 Postscript. Pray remind Mr. Jon. Dawes of the six " masty " 
 dogs to be sent in my name to the Emperor of Germanie 
 as I long since promised the Resident here. I am ashamed 
 he has caused me to break my word by not sending them 
 sooner. Letter Book, p. 304. 3| pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE LORD TREASURER. 
 
 1662, Nov. 27. Pera. Last May I told your Lordship 
 of the men belonging to the frigate Anne who were taken 
 Wt. 29495. TI 15
 
 226 
 
 captive. I made complaints to the Vizier, but found that 
 the business could not be justified on our side, or the men 
 recovered by virtue of our capitulations. The Bassa of the 
 Morea lately brought the men here, to sell them to the Turkish 
 gallies. " I judged it too great a dishonour to mee to bee 
 a spectator of these men's miseries, fallen into it in actuall 
 service of his Majestie; and it would have beene esteemed 
 a great neglect in mee to see these men [put] to the oar." 
 I therefore bought them for 350?. ; a greater sum than I can 
 reasonably bear, and pray you to tell his Majesty of it. If he 
 would defray part, or the charity of generous persons would 
 assist, I might then redeem all the other Englishmen here (some 
 seven or eight) who must otherwise spend the rest of their 
 days in this miserable condition. 
 
 I am infinitely satisfied to have my Lieutenancy reposed 
 in your Lordship's hands until my return, and I can only 
 express my sense of your favour to me, hoping when I see 
 you to demonstrate my respect more fully. Letter Book, 
 p. 312. If pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD HOLLES, Ambassador 
 to the King of France. 
 
 1662, Nov. 27. Pera. Congratulating him on his prefer- 
 ment to that honourable embassy, and rejoicing that their 
 Master's affairs are in the hands of so able and deserving a 
 minister. As to the affairs of France at the Porte, the 
 departure of M. La Haye, " caused upon the great affront 
 and most unhumane indignitie in his owne person sustained," 
 left the affairs of their merchants under the protection of 
 one Roboli, an ordinary merchant, authorized as agent by 
 the ambassador. The King of France has suggested sending 
 M. La Haye's son, without either resenting the insult to his 
 ambassador or demanding satisfaction. To this the Grand 
 Signer assented, saying that his Porte was always open to 
 receive any that were friendly with it, but gave the answer 
 only by the hand of the Vizier, on the ground that the King 
 had not an ambassador here. Whether the disgust of this 
 or other matters have retarded the ambassador, I know not, 
 but some of the most considerable of the French here desire 
 that you would use your influence at their court, to show 
 the need of having their trade protected by some more powerful 
 person. " The affront is of that nature as would bee scandalous 
 for his most Christian Majesty to smother without some open 
 acknowledgment made, which will with much difficultie bee 
 extorted from the haughtinesse of the Turkish spirit." yet 
 some means may be thought of by those of power in this 
 court, to reconsile the difference. For other news, I refer 
 you to Sir Edw. Nicholas, it being, on this appearance of war 
 with Germany, not safe to trust intelligence, except under 
 a " character " [i.e. cipher]. Ibid. p. 316. 2 pp.
 
 227 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR ANDREW RICCABD. 
 
 1662, Nov. 27. Pera. Acknowledging the kindness of 
 the Company, in conferring a gift of 2,000 dollars upon him, 
 and especially thanking Sir Andrew, to whom as head and 
 Governor of the Company he feels himself particularly indebted. 
 Letter Book, p. 318. \ p. 
 
 With note that he has written also to Mr. Pennyng, Mr. John 
 Buckworth, Sir George Smith, Mr. Jonathan Dawes, Sir Thos. 
 Bludworth, Mr. John Joliffe, &c. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1662, Nov. 27. Pera. Concerning the redemption of the 
 men of the Anne and other captives. His servants and the 
 merchants have been liberal beyond their abilities, but without 
 help from England " other poor, slaves, that have endured 
 twenty-five and thirty years slavery, will rue so entire an 
 exhausting of our charity, which was in a good manner 
 designed to them." Ibid. p. 315. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE LORD CHANCELLOR. 
 
 1662, Nov. 27. Pera. Thanking him for his favour as 
 regards the Lieutenancy of Kent. Has presumed to send 
 him " the Greek Evangelists, the antientest that the Patriarch 
 of Constantinople could with the most diligent inquisition 
 and scrutiny procure in any of the monasteries or churches 
 of Greece "; but not trusting to his own judgment, has asked 
 Mr. Solicitor to decide whether so mean a present is worthy 
 of his Lordship's acceptance. [The rest of the letter is about 
 the men of the Anne.] Ibid. p. 316. f p. 
 
 THE SAME to CAPT. JONAS POOLE, Commander of the 
 Anne Frigate. 
 
 1662, Nov. 28. Pera. As the captain promised to 
 contribute 200 dollars. " being 50/." towards the redemption 
 of the men of his frigate, Lord Winchilsea has drawn a 
 bill upon him to that amount. Ibid. p. 314. p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS. 
 
 1662, Nov. 28. Pera. On the prospect of war with the 
 Emperor, the appeal of Prince Michael of Transylvania to 
 represent the wretched state of his country to the English 
 King, &c., &c. 
 
 Is sending to England the men of the Anne whom he has 
 redeemed, and, if assisted from England, hopes not to leave 
 one Englishman a slave in Turkey. The ambassador extra- 
 ordinary from Venice, Signer Capello, is dead, to the great loss 
 of the Republic, as Signer Balarino " is not esteemed of
 
 228 
 
 half the sincerity that this honourable person was." Letter 
 Book, p. 308. 3 pp. 
 
 [Original letter in S.P. Turkey, but dated Nov. 27.] 
 
 Enclosing : 
 
 A PAPER of INTELLIGENCE. 
 
 The army of the Bassa of Darbiquier, marching to the 
 country of the Curdi, seized a strong pass in the 
 mountains, and demanded the surrender of Mortaza, 
 who was accordingly given up and has been executed. 
 And thus ended " tne most generous and daring spirit 
 of this whole Empire." Transylvania is much harassed 
 and distressed, the Bassa of Varadin having, by orders 
 of the Porte, extended his forces to the midst of 
 Transylvania, and subjecting all to his power. The 
 Prince has demanded redress from the Vizier, but gets 
 no comfortable answer. Preparations for war go 
 actively forward. Ibid. p. 311. 1| pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, Nov. 30. Aleppo. Four Portugal fathers have 
 arrived here from Goa, sent with letters of importance to 
 their King. They desired a passage on the Prosperous, 
 Capt. Chamblett's ship, and I gave them a letter, assuring 
 the captain that " it would be very acceptable to his Majesty 
 that any of his subjects should serve his friends in such 
 occasions." But Capt. Chamblett refused to receive them 
 unless they first each paid him 20 dollars, and put in their 
 own provisions ; and a Dutch ship being in port, bound also 
 for Legorne, they embarked upon her. " Before I had notice 
 of what was past, both Chamblett and the Dutch ship was 
 departed, which, if I had knowne in time, I would rather 
 have paid the fraight double myself than such an affront 
 should have bin offered." 
 
 Ten days ago, the Cappigee Bassa [Chamberlain] told the 
 Christians that he was sent from Constantinople to do them 
 justice, and that the 40 sacks of money taken from them 
 should be restored, but first he expected his cazmet [fee]. 
 Hearing from your chief druggerman that one Mahmud Aga 
 had been sent, and finding this to be the Cappigee Bassa 's 
 name, I sent to the Caddee saying I understood him to be 
 the person appointed to do us justice, and desired an interview. 
 At the Caddee' s house, he told my druggerman that he had 
 orders to do justice to the Christians of the country but 
 none concerning our factory ; that your Excellency's drugger- 
 man had promised him orders from the Vizier, but never sent 
 them. This has much perplexed us, and we pray you to 
 procure us the relief you intended us. The Patriarchs have sent 
 to tell me that being sent for by the Bassa's Chiau [steward], they 
 went not themselves, but sent twelve Christians to know his 
 pleasure. He demanded a hodgett, which they refused,
 
 229 
 
 and asked them why they did not give the Cappigee Bassa his 
 cazmet, to which they replied he had done nothing to deserve 
 it. Upon which, he struck two of them with his handjarr 
 [dagger], cut off the beards of two more, and his servants 
 grievously beat the rest with bastones. Then he shut them 
 up, but one of them leaped through a window into a yard, 
 in sight of the Bassa, who inquired into the matter and released 
 the men. The Caddee has promised them satisfaction, but 
 they have not yet got it. 
 
 All the ministers have tried to persuade the Christians to 
 accommodate their difference with the Bassa, but oould not 
 prevail, and now the latter has paid them their 40 sacks of 
 money, and the Cappigee Bassa is returning to Constantinople. 
 4 pp. 
 
 THE FACTORY AT ALEPPO to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, Nov. 30. Expressing their disappointment that the 
 Cappigee Bassa has come without any orders on their behalf, 
 and their fear that his Excellency's druggerman has not 
 managed the affair rightly. They beg his Excellency to procure 
 exemplary justice to be done upon the Bassa, otherwise they 
 will not only appear ridiculous but will be subjected " to 
 the daily affronts and injuries of every inferiour rascall." 
 They have sufficient evidence of his suborning witnesses, 
 his force upon the consul's person, and the opprobrious 
 language used by his servants, his very hangman following 
 at the consul's heels and wishing the word were but given 
 him to cut off his head, that he might put on his sable vest. 
 27 signatures. 2 pp. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1662, Dec. 2. Tuesday. " I shall be very glad to see 
 you and your tutor at Christmasse, and am well pleased 
 that you take care so to contrive your journey that it may bee 
 without the loss of any of those publique exercises which 
 are to bee performed, some before and some after the solemnity, 
 . . . only I must lett you know that if you have any occasion 
 to employ taylors or such like artificers, you will find yourself 
 very much disappointed unless you come at least a week 
 before Christmass. . . . 
 
 " I am very sorry for your tutors indisposition, but hope 
 it will not be such as to hinder him from bearing you 
 company to Kensington, where he will find a house full 
 of kindness for him, and no want of anything but good com- 
 pany and a library. 
 
 " You owe Dr. Busby a letter of thanks for all his care 
 and kindness towards you, and it were pitty you should come 
 to give him a visit at your return from Oxford and be putt 
 to the blush for not having saluted him by a letter. His 
 late ague, of which he is but newly recovered, will serve you
 
 230 
 
 both for matter and excuse, and really you ought to look upon 
 him with double veneration, who hath been tutor to your 
 father. Your brothers do eagerly expect you, your mother 
 prays for you, and so doth your ever loving father." 1 p. 
 
 Two or three paragraphs from this letter are printed in " The 
 History of Burley-on-the-Hill," p. 164. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSBA to Sra HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1662, Dec. 9. Pera. Mr. John Lance of Marseilles, who 
 takes care of my letters, solicits me about 30 pistols which 
 my brother John borrowed from him, in his passage through 
 that city homeward. When my commissioners are in arrears 
 with my brother's annuity, I should have opportunity " to 
 attach to the value of 30 pistols in their hands, which after 
 may be legally recovered from them." Letter Book, p. 319. \ p. 
 
 THE SAME to GAMALIEL NIGHTINGALE, at Aleppo. 
 
 1662, Dec. 10. Pera. Informing him of his ransom of 
 the eleven men of the frigate Anne, " upon confidence " given 
 him by the merchants at Constantinople (who themselves 
 have been very liberal) " in the generous contribution of 
 Aleppo and Smyrna." Has written a general letter to his 
 Majesty's subjects in Aleppo and Scanderoon to join in a 
 coUection towards so charitable a work and begs Nightingale, 
 both by his example and influence, to forward the matter. 
 Ibid. p. 320. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to MUN BROWNE, at Aleppo. 
 
 1662, Dec. 10. On the same subject as the preceding. 
 Thanks him for care in investing in silk on his behalf. Ibid. 
 p. 321. f p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS. 
 
 1662, Dec. 16. Pera. On the preparations for war with 
 the Emperor, and the chances of an accommodation. Also 
 on the possibility of renewed hostilities with Venice, or a 
 war with Poland. Ibid. p. 322. 1 p. [Original in S.P. 
 Turkey.] 
 
 THE SAME to WILLIAM Mico, at Leghorn. 
 
 1662, Dec. 18. Pera. Desiring him to provide him with 
 a handsome horse-litter, after the Italian fashion, for his 
 wife. It is to be light yet strong, very decent but not over 
 costly, and lined either with crimson velvet or Russia leather. 
 Ibid. p. 323. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS. 
 
 1662, Dec. 19. Pera. On Capt. Chamblet's ill-conduct 
 towards the Portugal Friars from Goa (see p. 228 above). This
 
 231 
 
 same captain last year brought over two tigers, presented to 
 the King by an Armenian merchant of Ligorne. but " had th3 
 confidence to assume the honour of the present to himself, and 
 so robb the other of his Majesty's thanks." 
 
 Has done his best to hinder his journey with the Grand 
 Signor, but now finds that his presence will be of much 
 advantage to his Majesty's affairs. At his first coming, 
 he found the honour of the Embassy, through the distractions 
 in England, much decayed, but has now repaired it by getting 
 into his hands the business of the Princes of Moldavia and 
 Wallachia, and the protection of the Greek Church, which 
 the Patriarchs of Constantinople, Jerusalem and Aleppo have 
 earnestly recommended to him. He doubts not but shortly 
 to have also the Venetian business touching a peace, and 
 earnestly prays for a licence to act in the matter. All these 
 things make it important for him to be with the Court, and 
 he begs for his Majesty's resolution in the matter. Letter 
 Book, p. 323. 2 pp. [Original letter in 8. P. Turkey.] 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662, Dec. 22. Smyrna. Relating a "foul deed" which 
 had lately been done at Smyrna. One Philip Davies, some- 
 time servant of Mr. Langley, quarrelled with Capt. Fastolfe 
 of the Smyrna Factor about a wager, and finding him in 
 Mr. Joseph Edwards' house, " after some few vile words given, 
 fired a pistol att his face, being some three yards distant " 
 but by God's mercy it missed him. Cave secured Davies, 
 and kept him prisoner until the captain left the port, since 
 which time he has been out on bond. Prays his Excellency's 
 orders. 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS. 
 
 1662-3, Jan. 1. Pera. We are now advised from the 
 frontiers that things proceed forward on a treaty. Ussain 
 Chaous, who has been detained so long at Vienna that he 
 was believed to be a captive, has returned, accompanied by the 
 Baron of Gower, sent by the Emperor as inter-nuncio, to 
 receive further information of the Turkish demands. The 
 Turks know that the differences between Italy and France 
 have inclined the Emperor to their terms " and that the Pope 
 hath need of the Emperors and the Catholick aid, not to 
 defend him from them but from his Christian sonne, which 
 fills them with much joy and curiosity . . . and [they] thinke 
 their daily prayers for the disunion of the Christian Princes 
 have their due effect." 
 
 The Venetian minister, Balarino, lately proposed a division 
 of the Isle of Candy, as the basis of a peace, but " received 
 a quicke and scornfull answer that if the Venetians would 
 resigne up Suda and Spina Longa, they would then hearken
 
 232 
 
 to what may farther bee proposed. This, I conceive, was 
 not offered upon any hopes of successe, but that they might 
 a little appease the irritated spirits of the Turkes, by 
 evidencing their inclinations and endeavours for peace." 
 I have nothing to add, but to wish you a happy new year. 
 Letter Book, p. 325. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662-3, Jan. 7. Smyrna. " . . . The three consuls here 
 [English, French and Dutch] are troubled by the Caddee 
 about a letter that is come from the Vizier Azim to pay the 
 same ship duties to the Captaine Bashaw when hee is within 
 the Castles as when hee is without. Wee have beene all 
 before him, but absolutely deny the payment of any such 
 duty, being against our capitulations. ... I conceive the 
 letter is not of that force as the Caddee would make itt, there 
 being a clause in itt to enquire if itt bee a custome that any 
 such dutyes are payd ; . . . however, the Caddee in a hasty 
 humour . . . sealed up the howses of the druggermen belonging 
 to the three nations, but, upon our appearance, gave order 
 for the unsealing. Hee is very high, threatening to pull downe 
 our howses about our eares, but [I] beleeve if such extravagant 
 actions as these bee complained of by us, hee will bee ashamed 
 to owne them. Yesterday we gave him our unanimous 
 answer . . . [that] if he proceede any further wee shall send 
 our joynt complaint by an express." 1| pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1662-3, Jan. 8. To the same effect as the above and urging 
 his Excellency to endeavour that either " a severe check " 
 be given to the Caddee or that he be removed. 1-|- pp. Seal 
 of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS. 
 
 1662-3, Jan. 9. Pera. Having occasion to visit the Vizier, 
 to acknowledge his removal of the Bassa of Aleppo at my 
 instance, I fell into discourse with some of the principal persons 
 of his court concerning the prospect of an accommodation 
 with the Emperor. They seem to rejoice that the war with 
 Venice, which for some years past has been slowly and coldly 
 prosecuted, would now be renewed with redoubled vigour, 
 by sending two armies into Dalmatia. They expect, next 
 summer, to take Cataro, where they design to build an arsenal, 
 and thence to annoy Candy " and have a faire prospect into 
 Italy." If the Venetians omit this opportunity to make 
 peace, and the Court once departs to the wars, no propositions 
 would be hearkened to ; the Grand Signor's coffers being now 
 full enough for greater conquests than the Venetian territories 
 in Candia and Dalmatia.
 
 233 
 
 There is a report from Mecca that the English have committed 
 some spoils on the Turks in the Red Sea. If it come to the 
 Vizier it will create me a great deal of trouble, and I can only 
 answer that it was done without my Master's knowledge, who 
 will be ready to give due satisfaction by punishing the offenders. 
 The same pilgrims tell a story of the surrender of Aden 
 to the English, but I do not believe it. Advice has come 
 that the Beys of Egypt have mutinied and clapt their 
 Bassa into prison. Letter Book, p. 326. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to MAHOMET, BASSA OP ALEPPO. 
 
 [1663,] January. Pera. Congratulating him upon his late 
 victory over the enemy and his appointment as Bassa of 
 Aleppo. Hopes to renew their old friendship by means of 
 the English consul and merchants, to all of whom he has given 
 orders to show every possible respect to his Excellency. 
 Recommends the said consul and merchants to his protection, 
 especially against the unjust demands of the Customer. 
 Upon their appeal, the Vizier has given order for the redress of 
 their grievances, as his Excellency will learn from the consul. 
 Italian. Ibid. p. 327. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1662[-3], Jan. 11. Pera. I begin to lay aside my fears of 
 being summoned to attend this Court to the wars, as affairs 
 with Germany are in a probable condition of composure. 
 I wish I had here some other person of fidelity to whom I 
 could entrust my business besides Ricaut my secretary (of 
 whose faithfulness I have had two and a half years' experience), 
 for if I had to send on urgent matters to England, I should 
 be obliged to deprive myself of his services here, and should 
 have no one to whom I could unburden my thoughts. He is 
 not only my secretary but the steward of my house, and 
 " so modest, discreet, able, temperate and faithfull to me, 
 . . . that I have removed him from my steward's table to 
 my owne, and use him more like a friend than a servant," 
 and yet his carriage towards me is the same as when he stood 
 at a greater distance. I have a great desire to confirm myself 
 in my Lord Chancellor's favour, and shall make it my study 
 to furnish him with the best manuscripts I can, by the 
 assistance of the Patriarchs of Constantinople and Jerusalem, 
 " to the first of which I have presented one of our great Bibles 
 of six volumes in diverse tongues . . . receiving from both 
 a singular respect and esteeme, as one who they are sufficiently 
 assured can contribute much to their securitie and protection." 
 Ibid. p. 328. 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to COLONEL DETTI. 
 
 1662[-3], Jan. 11. Pera. Thanking him for his letter, and 
 offering good wishes for the new year. Apologises for the
 
 234 
 
 trouble he is giving his honour in procuring certain coins 
 which he desires, and begs him not to inconvenience himselL 
 as it is not a matter which requires haste. Italian. Letter 
 Book, p. 332. I p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to his brother TORE, and the 
 other COMMISSIONERS of his Estate. 
 
 1662-3, Jan. 13. Pera. Stating that before this reaches 
 their hands, they will have received 600/., the disposing of 
 which for his benefit he leaves to their prudence. If they 
 can improve his estate in Yorkshire, he will send a considerable 
 sum, but otherwise, he can improve his money better in Turkey 
 than in England. Commends to them the stocking of Eastwell 
 Park with mares and young colts, that when he returns he 
 may not need to buy any for his own saddle or his servants. 
 They may also buy some young beasts, so that he may stock 
 his park himself, "and every year or two, having gained their 
 growth, to sell them off and buy others " ; and he prays them 
 to plant a nursery of fruit trees, cypresses, fir, chestnut, &c., 
 that at his return, he may be " divertised in those employ- 
 ments." Money for these charges shall be sent, but in the 
 meantime, if there be opportunity to buy good bargains, 
 they are to borrow the money. The old common meadow 
 and cow pasture before Eastwell House, lately put into the 
 park, may be stocked if they think fit ; in any case they are 
 to make no more hay there, unless sure that the ground will 
 not be impoverished thereby. 
 
 If stock is needed for the low lands at Wotton, or they 
 judge it necessary to build any farms there, or to improve 
 it "by inclosure, draining, plowing, or burning any part 
 thereof, and sowing it with cole or rape-seed," he will take 
 care that they are furnished with monies. Ibid. p. 332. 
 H PP- 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662-3, Jan. 13. Smyrna. Giving the substance of a 
 letter received from the Levant Company (dated Oct. 11, 
 1662)* in relation to " the sequestration upon Mr. Masters' 
 estate." 1 p. 
 
 MUN BROWNE [treasurer at Aleppo] to THE SAME. 
 
 1662-3, Jan. 20. Aleppo. Stating that all the factory 
 have contributed to the redeeming of the eleven English 
 slaves. The sum of about 500 lion dollars will shortly be 
 forwarded to his Excellency. | p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1662-3, Jan. 21. Aleppo. Their Bassa is made Bassa of 
 Caranania, and has departed with much grandezza. Is now 
 
 * See Gal. S.P. Dom., under this date.
 
 235 
 
 going to apply for arrs [certificate] against him, but doubts 
 whether the Caddee will so contradict his former conduct as 
 to grant it. 
 
 With postscript, dated Jan. 26, stating that their new Bassa 
 is expected in a few days. 1| pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WENCHTLSEA to SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS. 
 
 1662-3, Jan. 28. Pera. " When I first understood you 
 had resigned your office and retired to a more quiet and 
 reposed course of life, I could not but conceive myself greatly 
 concerned, in loosing the benefit of that satisfaction which 
 your councell and correspondence have allwayes brought mee. 
 Yet the consideration of the losse I sustaine hereby shall 
 not cause mee to repine at the repose and felicitie your retire- 
 ment and ease from the burdens of State afford you, but shall 
 heartily wish that you may live many yeares to enjoy the 
 comfort of that fame and renowne amongst all good men, 
 which your loyaltie, wisdome and other vertues have made 
 the fruit and reward of your long care and industry." I pray 
 you to put your successor, Sir Henry Bennet, in mind to afford 
 me the same intercourse by letters, and if anything I have 
 written to you is necessary for his information, to be pleased 
 [not] to leave him ignorant thereof. And though I know 
 your design is to disentangle yourself from the encum- 
 brances of the world, yet I shall not be so unmindful of our 
 friendship as not sometimes to assure you of it. Letter Book, 
 p. 335. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENRY BENNET, Secretary of State. 
 
 1662-3, Jan. 28. Pera. Assuring him of the " grateful 
 reception " which the news of his appointment has met with 
 at Constantinople ; congratulating him on his promotion, and 
 praying him to continue the correspondence always held 
 by Sir Edward Nicholas. Ibid. p. 336. \ p. [Original in 
 S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1662-3, Jan. 29. Pera. The Turkey Company wishes to 
 interpose with a judicial authority in the cause depending 
 before me between Mr. Masters of London and Mr. Edwards 
 of Smyrna ; to take off the sequestrations laid on Masters' 
 estate, and to remove the cause to London, a course 
 I no ways dislike, but it is strange that they should no better 
 consult their charter than to imagine they have power to 
 over-rule my judicial proceedings in Turkey. I fear my 
 former condescensions have encouraged them, and that they 
 try " whether my easy nature will disgest such usages, that 
 so they may prepaire a way for the future, to bind up 
 Embassadours in covenants not to act in the most trivial I 
 matters what shall not first be approved of ... in the Court of
 
 236 
 
 Assistants, and so make them solely theirs, and not the 
 ministers of his Majestic." But as I have made it my maxim, 
 according to your advice, to maintain a good understanding 
 with the Company, I have taken no notice of this occasion of 
 displeasure, but on the contrary have tried to persuade 
 Mr. Edwards to follow his suit in London, though I have 
 not yet used any compulsion to constrain him to relinquish 
 the advantage he has here. I leave it to you to discover to 
 the Company the rashness of their commission to the Smyrna 
 consul in this business, as their great opinion of you will 
 make them sooner sensible of it than my most solid reasons. 
 Letter Book, p. 337. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662[-3], Jan. 31. Aleppo. Stating that " the three 
 patriarchs of the Christians " have been with him as deputies 
 from their people, in the first place to offer their thanks to 
 his Excellency for his heroical and pious aid, by whose means 
 alone they obtained exemplary justice to be done on the late 
 Bassa, and forty sacks of money restored to them ; and, 
 secondly, to pray him to secure them from such sufferings 
 in the future by procuring a Tiattasheriffe from the Grand 
 Signor, declaring their past oppressions to be illegal and 
 commanding that they shall cease for ever. Urges his Lordship 
 to comply with their desire, by which he will not only give 
 happiness to no less than 10,000 souls (" though that is a 
 secret and scarce communicable ") but to the endless posterity 
 which shall descend from them. 1| pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE VICAR OF THE HOLY LAND to THE EARL OF 
 WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, [Jan . 3 l-]Feb. 10. Jerusalem. Offering to his Excel- 
 lency the same models as are enumerated in the letter of April 
 3-13, 1662, above (the wording being almost exactly the same*). 
 In speaking of the brook Cedron, there is added, "where when 
 he was taken on the night of his bitter passion, the treacherous 
 Jews dragging him hurriedly along a very stony way, and he 
 falling upon the stones, he left the impress of his most sacred 
 knees, legs, hands, arms and other parts of his body, and 
 especially the prints of his sacred feet. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH [Solicitor-General] to his son [DANIEL 
 FINCH, at Oxford]. 
 
 [1663, Jan. ?] ' You have so pleased your mother by the 
 large itinerary you sent her, that shee proposes to return you 
 an answer of great kindness by the hands of Dr. Bayns, whom 
 you will see ere long. The verses you sent me are as good 
 philosophy as poetry, and contayn excellent sense in very apt 
 
 * Both letters are, however, quite clearly dated ; and also endorsed with 
 their respective dates by Ricaut.
 
 237 
 
 and significant expressions, which are the true ingredients 
 of every wise and commendable discourse. But because this 
 seems to mee to bee an incredible improvement of your parts 
 in three months, I hope you will keep a copy, as I do, for 
 you have raysed in mee a quarterly expectation of the like 
 progress ; I wish you may make it good. 
 
 " I would have an account of all your publique exercises, 
 which I expect you should always perform in your turn, nor 
 will I admitt of any excuse, for though others who are less 
 disposed to study may take your forwardness in ill part, 
 yet I presume nothing shall weigh with you more then the 
 satisfaction of my desires. Bee sure to be present at all 
 disputacions in the Hall, whither the fellow commoners seldome 
 came in my time, and study the question beforehand, for 
 one argument of your own choosing, out of those books which 
 write upon the question, will be better managed by you then 
 any argument which your tutor can putt into your head. 
 
 " In the last place, I must advise you to that without which 
 all your study, and your life too, is to no purpose ; that is, 
 a serious care to serve God in your heart, who hath delivered 
 you from so many sicknesses, bestowed so many blessings 
 on you, and done you good all your life long. . . . Above 
 all, study to value and blesse Him for His spirituall mercy es, 
 which will be a necessary meditation to prepare you for the 
 Sacrament, and I hope you intend to receive with the next 
 opportunity." 
 
 I wish you to present your tutor with 51. a quarter, " whose 
 paynes I shall not look upon as discharged by any reward 
 which you can give." I have just received another letter 
 from you, with two to your brothers enclosed, " which I opened, 
 and like well your stile and your kindness to them. There 
 cannot bee too great an affection between brothers, and 
 therefore I do exceedingly commend these beginnings. If 
 your tutor would not suffer you to bear his charges, you must 
 find some way to supply it by a present of greater value. 
 Your mother and I intend shortly to go into Kent for eight 
 or ten days." 2 pp. 
 
 Printed (mostly) in Miss Finch's " History of Burley on 
 the Hill " (perhaps from a draft or copy, as there are verbal 
 differences and it is dated " Friday, Jan. 26." This date however, 
 must have been written in error, as Jan. 26 did not occur on a 
 Friday while Daniel Finch was at College}. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662-3, Feb. 1. Aleppo. Has used his utmost endeavour 
 with the factory concerning the oath required by the Levant 
 Company, and has read them his Excellency's letter. Hopes 
 by his next to announce their compliance, but if any refuse 
 he will not fail to put his Excellency's warrant in execution. 
 1 p. Seal of arms.
 
 238 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE SAME. 
 
 1662-3, Feb. 2. Smyrna. " ... I render your Excellency 
 humble thanks, both from myself e and rest of subscribers, 
 that you are pleased to accept of that little charity wee freely 
 gave towards the redemption of our poore countrymen, and 
 I am very much troubled that neither your Excellencies 
 persuasion to so charitable an act nor our example could 
 prevayle with the rest to follow. . . . 
 
 " I shall send to the French Consul! to lett him know I shall 
 bee ready to bee assistant to him for the recovery of theire 
 Jesuitts convent. Our Caddee is departed from this place. 
 I hope a better in his roome will come ; a worse wee cannot 
 have. ..." 1| pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662[-3], Feb. 4. Aleppo. Has had audience of the new 
 Bassa, who was very friendly, and promised the factory all 
 protection and good usage. 
 
 The whole factory have declared themselves willing to 
 take the oath demanded by the Company, but the most part 
 " desired time to consider of that form which the Company 
 had sent." Some money having come for the factory by 
 the Virgin, he has detained " out of each factor's money 
 refusing the Company's oath 20 per cent, untill he comply." 
 
 Capt. Herbert of the Virgin has taken the oath, and orders 
 have been sent to Mr. Loe, his Majesty's marine factor at 
 Scanderoon, for all English masters and pursers of ships 
 coming there to do so. 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1662[-3], Feb. 5. Aleppo. Those who have taken the 
 oath as it stands are Messrs. Mun Browne, Henry Hunter, 
 Thos. Whincop, Arthur Pyne, Sam. Broad and Robert Priaulx. 
 \ p. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1662[-3], Feb. 7. The French consul, Signer Baron, has 
 been summoned to wait upon the King of France at Paris, 
 and is to leave his brother, Signer Pieter Baron, as his deputy. 
 
 Expects a visit from him on the morrow and will learn all 
 he can. It is given out that it is to have his advice in matters 
 of trade ; but conceives there may be a war intended. 1 p. 
 Seal of arms. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1662[-3], Feb. 16, Aleppo. The Bassa (who is about to 
 start for Constantinople) has refused permission to the French 
 Consul to leave without the Grand Vizier's consent. Has 
 remonstrated with the Bassa, by M. Baron's request, telling
 
 239 
 
 him that he cannot well refuse his consent when a proper 
 deputy has been appointed ; but he will not yield unless the 
 Consul gives him a further present, which he refuses to do. 
 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to HENRY BROWNE at Ligorne. 
 
 1662-3, Feb. 16. Pera. " That my cousin Finch and 
 Dr. Baines were againe heard of, and proceeded in their journey 
 towards Italy as farre as Lions was a strange noveltie to mee. 
 I thought indeed they were out of the world, and resolved 
 wholy to forget their friends, that their friends might as justly 
 forget and neglect them. For since my departure out of 
 England, now two yeares and a half agoe, I have not received 
 one line or syllable from them, either in answer to my letters 
 I am assured were delivered them, nor in correspondence to 
 some tokens and demonstrations of my affection I made 
 to Dr. Baines, which were neither beneath his acceptance nor 
 his acknowledgment." I shall not write to congratulate 
 their arrival in Italy, but if they at last think me deserving 
 of a letter, I will answer it ; " but pray advise them, that 
 it will be no sollecisme nor breache of the punctualitie is 
 used in Italy, if I take as much time to returne answere to 
 their letters as allready they have taken to answere mine." 
 Letter Book, p. 341. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662-3, Feb. 21. Smyrna. A Ragusean ship has come 
 in under my protection. Mr. Edwards thinks some part 
 of the consulage his due, but this idea can be grounded only 
 upon your Excellency's favour, for "neither French nor Dutch 
 consul allow anything of consulage to the factor, though 
 the ship comes wholly consigned to him." He may write 
 that he procured the ships to come under English protection, 
 but that is not true, as the Raguseans are a people quick to 
 see what is for their own advantage, and ill-usage made them 
 leave the French. l pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to the PRINCE OF 
 
 WALLA CHIA. 
 
 1662-3, Feb. 22 s.v. Pera. Thanking him for the 
 letters brought by Signer Spataro, who has also delivered to 
 him. on his Highness' behalf, thirty silver coins, which, being 
 antique and ancient are most welcome to him. Their engraved 
 effigies shall sooner be worn away than the memory of such 
 benefits and tokens of friendship shall fade from his mind. 
 And that no kindness on the part of his Highness might be 
 wanting, he has also received the invitation to be present at 
 the nuptials of Signer Spataro. but begs to be allowed to send 
 his secretary as his substitute, who in his name may discharge 
 all offices, and offer his good wishes to the bridal pair. Latin. 
 Letter Book, p. 344. \ p.
 
 240 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to COLONEL DETTT. 
 
 1662-3, Feb. 22 s.v. Pera. Has received his letter by 
 the hands of Signor Spataro, together with the ancient coins, 
 for which he has already rendered his thanks to the Prince ; 
 as also he now offers especial gratitude to his Excellency for 
 his assistance in the matter. Puts himself entirely into his 
 Excellency's hands as regards the business related to him by 
 Signor Marcellini, to whom he refers himself to give a further 
 account. Italian. Letter Book, p. 345. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENRY BENNET. 
 
 1662-3, Feb. 24. Pera. The Grand Signor goes to Adrian- 
 ople and the Vizier to Belgrade about the equinoctial. Ishmael, 
 Bassa of Buda is to be Chimacham, or the Vizier's deputy here. 
 It is he who some years past executed the barbarous order of 
 the late Vizier Cuperli on the son of M. La Haye the French 
 ambassador, " striking out with his fist, by help of his ring, 
 two of his teeth." This M. La Haye is said to be coming 
 to succeed his father in the Embassy, " where he will find 
 his old friend the first to recompense his former discourtesie 
 by more kind and civill usage, and that ring which sealed his 
 mouth will be employed in sealing orders and commands 
 for his due reception. . . . The most judicious admire that 
 the King of France should so highly resent the ill-treatment 
 of his Embassadours by his spirituall father the Pope, and 
 father-in-law the King of Spain, and yet winke at so apparent 
 a violation of the law of nations committed by infidells to 
 the great scandall of Christendome. This the Turks discourse 
 with scorne and pleasure, and feed their fancies with high 
 expectations that the entrance of the French into Italy will 
 prepare a way to accomplish their old prophesie of becoming 
 masters of Rome, where the Turkish Empire shall arrive to 
 the height and meridian of all its glory." 
 
 The treaty with the Emperor is almost concluded, but 
 those well acquainted with the Turks cannot believe that their 
 vast preparations for war are only designed for the conquest 
 of the few Venetian fortresses in Dalmatia, or that the Turks 
 are so " ignorant of their advantage as to let slip such an 
 opportunitie as the entrance of the French into Italic, wherein 
 they are well advised the House of Austria is not meanly 
 concerned." I wish they may not be only deluding the 
 Emperor until the army be met in a body and the forts 
 resigned, with intent then to make further demands to which 
 he could not consent. 
 
 I have received his Majesty's letter stating that Mr. John 
 Erlisman is made consul or agent of Tunis and desiring me 
 to procure his confirmation ; in obedience whereto without 
 " disputing " my own right as ambassador and by commission 
 to dispose of the consulates I have procured Mr. Erlisman 
 his barat from the Grand Signor, being ready not only
 
 241 
 
 to resign my rights but my life itself to his Majesty ; but I 
 pray you to inform him that the disposal of consulates in 
 Turkey without my knowledge and consent is a diminution 
 of the power which all ambassadors here have had. 
 
 Since writing the above, I am informed by the German 
 Resident that the last article of the treaty is now settled, 
 yet the preparations for war continue. 
 
 " The 17th of this instant was set forth the horse tayle, 
 which is the signe or token that in a month the Grand Signor 
 intends to depart." 
 
 Signor Capello, late ambassador extraordinary from Venice, 
 on his death-bed recommended to my care the transporting 
 of his corpse to the sepulchre of his predecessors. I accord- 
 ingly received it into my house, and was about to have it 
 conveyed for Venice, but am obstructed by Signor Balarino 
 either out of envy to me or malice to the dead, and so must 
 wait another opportunity. Letter Book, p. 338. 3 pp. {Original 
 in 8.P. Turkey.} 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIB WILLIAM MORICB. 
 
 1662-3, Feb. 24. Pera. Concerning the appointment of 
 Mr. Erlisman, the removal of the Court, and the treaty with 
 the Emperor, to the same effect as in the letter to Sir H. Bennett, 
 above. The Grand Signor is " extraordinary impatient " to 
 get to Adrianople, because of the great abundance of 
 game, " and recreation he finds there in hunting." Ibid, 
 p. 342. \l p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1662-3, Feb. 24. Pera. The Grand Signor is making 
 great preparations for his march to Adrianople. His tents 
 " are lined with sattin and silver and gold twist," and cost 
 180,000 dollars. " The peace with Germany, which wee 
 thought was once neere a conclusion, is now like to breake out 
 into warre. The preparations are very vast, but the janizaries 
 and horsemen, through a long peace, are become very 
 effeminate, mutinous and unexperienced." My company with 
 the camp is likely to be excused. As Ricaut may have to 
 go to England, I desire to have another secretary to supply 
 his place when away, " and besides, it was alwayes customary 
 for all Embassadours of this place to have two." I pray 
 you to seek me one " who is very able and temperate, and if 
 possible of a good family ; one that writes well Lattin, and 
 if hee can, Italian also. ... To such an one I shall willingly 
 give forty, fifty or sixty pounds sterling a yeare or more, as 
 you can agree." ... I pray, before he departs, present 
 him to my Lord Chancellour, my Lord Treasurer, and 
 the Secretaries of State, to receive their commands." Ibid, 
 p. 343. 1 p. 
 
 Wt. 29495. Fi 10
 
 242 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE EARL OF LESLY, at 
 
 Vienna. 
 
 1662-3, Feb. 24. Pera. Your Lordship's most grateful 
 letter tells me that the Emperor " graciously accepted the 
 patronage of my young sonne, to whose service I have wholly 
 consecrated him, and joyne with your Lordship's wishes 
 to see him in the Imperiall army, a stout defendour of his 
 Majesties and the Christian interest. . . . 
 
 " For matter of the secrecy of the treatie betweene his 
 Majestic and the Turks, I am not intimate to them [sic]," 
 but the great preparations and the speedy departure of the 
 Grand Signor with his camp and artillery towards Adrianople 
 makes everyone suspect that it will end in war, " to which 
 the entrance of the French into Italy, if they proceed, will 
 give the Turkes a considerable encouragement. And if your 
 Lordship will have my opinion, I conceive the Turks are 
 resolved upon a warre, and I wish his Majestie's territories 
 are not the prize they aime at." I shall be able to provide 
 you with Arab horses by means of the English merchants 
 at Aleppo, where are better than any to be found hi Egypt, 
 and will give orders for two " as far as 300 or 400 crownes 
 a horse " as your Lordship hath prescribed. Letter Book, 
 p. 345. 1| pp. 
 
 THE SAME to SIGNOR ANDREA CAPELLO, at Venice. 
 
 1662-3, Feb. 24. Pera. Lamenting the death of his 
 brother, Signor Giovanni Capello, informing him of his 
 endeavours to carry out the wishes of the deceased in relation 
 to his body, which endeavours had been foiled per I'arte 
 diabolicha di qualche spirito maligno, but hoping that with 
 these letters, his Excellency will receive the bones of 
 his beloved and much esteemed brother. Italian. Ibid, 
 p. 347. 1 p. 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662-3, Feb. 29 [sic]. Charing Crosse. Yours of the 
 27th of Nov. last found me in a fit of the gout which hath 
 kept me about seven weeks in my chamber, whence I doubt, 
 I shall not be able to go for some time. 
 
 " By my former letter, written in November or December 
 last, I acquainted your Lordshipp that the King hath bene 
 pleased to ease me of my laborious place of Secretarie of State, 
 gratefying me in a most gracious manner for my former 
 f aithfull services, to my abundant contentment and satisfaction, 
 and hath made Sir Henry Bennet Secretarie in my place 
 . . . Since the loth of October last (when I resigned upp 
 my place) I have not meddled with any business belonging 
 to the services of State, and I have now (out of my affecion 
 to serve your Lordshipp) sent this your last dispatch to 
 Mr. Secretarie Bennet, desiring him to know his Majesties
 
 243 
 
 pleasure, and to send your Lordshipp his Majesties orders 
 thereupon. . . . 
 
 " The King is pleased to continue me still one of his privy 
 Councell, and if in that capacity I may be able to serve your 
 Lordshipp, I shall with much affection embrace the occasion 
 and obey all your Lordshipps commands, but the truth is, 
 I grow so infirme of health, as I am meditating to retire after 
 some tyme to live in the country, and to prepare myself 
 (after soe many various changes as I have scene in this world) 
 for a better world, where there is noe change. The Kings 
 affaires here and in all his three kingdomes, are (God be 
 praysed) in a very happy and peccable condicion. The treaty 
 with the States of the Netherlands was concluded in September 
 last ; and that with Algiers, Tunis and Tripoly is likewise 
 perfected by Sir John Lawson, but those of Algiers have 
 broken it in some particulars alreddy, soe very faithlesse they 
 are, which I suppose the Grand Seigneur will much dislike, 
 when he shalbe acquainted with it. The Parliament is now 
 here sitting, and precedes with all duty to his Majesties 
 commands." Holograph. 2 pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662[-3], March 3. Aleppo. An express has come from 
 the new President in India, Sir George Oxinden, who reached 
 Surat on Sept. 18. " The Earle of Marleburgh and 
 Sir Abraham Shipman, with his Majesty's ships Dunkirck, 
 Leopard, Mary Rose and pinnis Chestnut were there arrived. 
 The Convertine was daily expected . . . the men in good 
 condition. According to his Majesties commission they 
 demanded the surrender of the Island of Bombay from the 
 Portugall Vice-roy, who denyes its surrender upon frivolous 
 pretences of defects in the instruments Sir Abraham brought 
 out. . . . Sir Abraham Shipman hath since bin at Goa, to 
 deliver his Ma'jesties letters to the Governors there, who, with 
 their Councell, have given their consents under their hands 
 for its delivery ; notwithstanding which, the Vice-roy will 
 not deliver the island ; so that my lord of Marleburgh, in 
 prosecution of his commission is designed for England with 
 his Majesties ship, which the President will indeavour to 
 lade, leaving the souldiers upon an island not many leagues 
 from Goa untill further orders. . . . 
 
 " The Dutch are now againe besieging Couchin both by sea 
 and land, and will (as they write me from India) certainely 
 carry it, they having great force. Their insolency still continues 
 to the dishonour of our nation and damage to the East India 
 Company." In October last the President sent the Hopewell 
 down that coast with a considerable stock to the Company's 
 factors at Porcat ; the said cargo to be " invested into pepper " 
 to lade another of his Majesty's ships, while the Hopewell was 
 to receive such goods as were ready there, and return to Surat. 
 But the Dutch, meeting the Hopewell on the way, near Couchin,
 
 244 
 
 would not suffer her to proceed, " so that for want of the 
 goods of those factoryes, the President doubts his Majesties 
 ships will goe home dead fraighted. . . . There hath bin a 
 generall report for some months of the death of the King of 
 India, but he is at present living, and the country in peace. 
 The Dutch have had but coarse entertainement at that Court, 
 and were returning back from thence without effecting 
 anything." 
 
 The King of Persia still refuses to answer the Company's 
 letters concerning their right of customs. The affront offered 
 his Majesty by the Portugals, and the insolency of the Dutch, 
 are so much to our dishonour in those eastern parts, that " the 
 Dutch send it flying as farr and as fast as they can." If pp. 
 Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to his brother TOKE and the other 
 
 Commissioners. 
 
 1662-3, March 4-14. Pera. To the same effect as that on 
 p. 234 above. Will be able to send home 1,0001. during the 
 next twelve months, and desires their advice what is best to 
 do with it. Wishes his gardens and park to be as well kept 
 in his absence as if he was there, and must have a good gardener. 
 They need not stick at five or ten pounds a year more wages, 
 so that the gardens be well looked after, and his plantations 
 also. Letter Book, p. 348. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to the EMPEROR. 
 
 1662-3, March 11. Offering thanks for the gold medal, 
 with the Emperor's portrait, sent to his infant son, and 
 expressing his determination to dedicate the boy to his 
 Imperial Majesty's service. Latin. Ibid. vol. ii.* p. 1. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1662[-3], March 17. Tuesday. Directions concerning his 
 " quarterage " and money matters. 
 
 ' You may discharge your dancing master when you please. 
 I think you did very ill to entertayn him at all in the mornings ; 
 it was never your mother's meaning nor mine that you should 
 loose an hours study for him. My chief cares and desires for 
 you are that you may prove a knowing and a vertuous man, 
 that which the town calls a fine gentleman being to my under- 
 standing rather a libell then a commendation. The languages 
 of Greek and Latin are no part of learning themselves, but only 
 help to it ; they serve as keys to open those treasures of 
 wisdome and knowledg which ly buryed in ancient authors. 
 Learning consists in the knowledge of things, and not of 
 words, else every schoolmaster would be as good as a 
 philosopher. Labour therefore to improve your judgment, 
 
 * The second Letter Book begins at this date.
 
 245 
 
 not your phansy, else you will quickly meet wiser men then 
 your selfe who never went farther then English. And 
 because you are master of a great library for a young scholler, 
 let me give you one advice more. Have a care of too much 
 wantonness and variety in reading. The Italians have a 
 proverb that a man ought to take heed of that man who reads 
 but one book, meaning that he who reads but little, and 
 thoroughly digests it, is most likely to prove a solid and 
 judicious person. " I have not yet spoke to Dr. Allestree 
 about your Easter preparations, but I will do. In the mean 
 time, I pray hearken to your tutor's directions and use the 
 helpes of such good books as you have." 1 p. 
 
 [Extracts from this letter are given in " The History of Burley- 
 on-the-Hitt," p. 165.] 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1662-3, March 20. Smyrna. Has received a letter from 
 the Company (of date Jan. 22) ordering him " to administer 
 the oath anew " to the factory. Five only have taken it, the 
 rest declaring they had done so already. Prays orders 
 how to proceed. 1 p. 
 
 SIR HENRY BENNET to THE SAME. 
 
 1662[-3], March 23. Whitehall. His Majesty having 
 honoured me with the succession to Sir Edward Nicholas, 
 your lordship's letter of Nov. 27 past has been put into my 
 hands. His Majesty approves very much of your comportment 
 in that embassy, and the merchants seem much satisfied with 
 your care and countenance of them. 
 
 As to the good offices desired for Prince Michael Apaphi, 
 his Majesty much commiserates his condition, as a prince 
 and a Christian, but cannot, upon so general a knowledge, 
 give you any directions, and so leaves it to your discretion 
 to use his royal name as far as you shall think fit, as also 
 to forbear or pursue your attendance on the Grand Signer, 
 according as public affairs and your own domestic convenience 
 shall allow, supposing that if the merchants require it, they 
 will be willing to furnish you thereto. If that be done to 
 your satisfaction, it cannot but be for his Majesty's honour 
 that you pursue the journey, as both the Grand Signer's 
 ministers and the Emperor's Resident desire it. 
 
 As for an allowance for intelligence, I shall see what hath 
 formerly been done, and very willingly be your solicitor to 
 procure the same or more, if there be cause for it. In like 
 manner, I shall willingly join with Mr. Solicitor in procuring 
 you satisfaction for the money you so charitably laid out for 
 release from captivity of eleven prisoners taken out of one of 
 his Majesty's frigates. 
 
 Herewith you will receive 9 ratifications of the three treaties 
 made by Sir John Lawson with Tunis, Argiers and Tripoli,
 
 246 
 
 as also three originals signed by them, " which being looked 
 upon as exceedingly beneficial and advantageous to the trade 
 and commerce of these his Majesty's kingdoms," he desires 
 (according to the enclosed letter) may have the Grand Signor's 
 ratification "in the same manner his Majesty hath ratified 
 them here, the language excepted, which it is judged will 
 be more effectual if it be in Turkish." You are to take great 
 care to get an exact translation (in which the Turks at Argiers 
 have been found unfaithful), and to use all possible means 
 to procure the ratification. 
 
 [Here follow directions for the distribution of the ratifications, 
 when obtained.] If, however, the Porte refuses to enter into 
 the ratifications, " you are to make the least noise possibly 
 you can of it, for the ill-fame it will have," and to this end, the 
 more secrecy used in the transaction the better. Signed. 
 Draft and copy of this in S.P. Turkey. 5 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS. 
 
 1663, March 30. Pera. " By private letters and common 
 diurnalls I received the intelligence of your resignation of your 
 office, before assured thereof by your owne hand. I must 
 confesse before I was otherwise informed from you I could not 
 believe it possible that any thing besides your owne choice, 
 sicknesse or death could have made a separation betweene you 
 and that office in which you have had so many yeares practise 
 and experience. I must confesse, as one who is your reall 
 friend, with whom I have contracted an experience of some 
 yeares, I am sorry it is so fell out ; and yet as you doe, I remaine 
 fully satisfied in his Majestie's determination and pleasure. 
 I speake not this in any derogation to the worthy gentleman 
 who succeeds you, whose abilities for any thing I heare are 
 equall to the greatest and most important affaires of state. 
 And though Sir, I shall not bee so frequent nor troublesome 
 in my letters, which were formerly due to your place and 
 employment, yet I shall still continue my correspondence with 
 you to give you some times assurances that I still retaine the 
 same respect and affection for you." Letter Book, ii, p. 3. f p. 
 
 THE SAME to DR. THOMAS BAINES. 
 
 1663, March 30. Pera. " I have at length received yours 
 of the llth of February, which I must esteeme the more 
 because it is the only token of your kindnesse that in my 
 two yeares and a half's absence from England I have received, 
 and the only evidence I have to show of your remembrance 
 of mee. And therefore I am the more curious of it and place 
 it amongst those papers and rarities which I judge the more 
 estimable because scarce and with most difficultie to bee 
 attained. I was, I must confesse, once allmost angry with 
 , you, but this letter hath wholy pacifyed mee, and without the 
 mediation of my wife I can freely tell you I am reconciled.
 
 247 
 
 Yet if you intend to have a plenary indulgence and pardon, 
 you must performe the penance of a pilgrimage to 
 Constantinople. And then I shall wholy absolve you and 
 account your other omissions made good and satisfyed by 
 this meritorious action. And though I cannot assure you 
 of finding here the rarities and quaintnesse of Italy, yet here 
 may bee some thing worthy your time and observation. 
 Howsoever, you shall not want a good and hearty wellcome." 
 Letter Book, ii, p. 3. J p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WENCHILSEA to his cousin, SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1663, March 30. Pera. " Having had no letters from you 
 in two yeares and a half's time after my departure out of 
 England, I could not but then beginne to thinke it time to 
 make complaints and resentments of it to some friends. I 
 would faigne have framed excuses for you in myself, but I 
 could fancy none but that of miscarriage, and that is so vulgar 
 a pretence of those who are thus unkind and neglectful of 
 their friends that it tooke very little credit or impression in 
 all. Howsoever, as soone as I received yours of the 20th of 
 January my good nature was immediately overcome and I 
 beganne to forget all the unkindnesse could bee thought on by 
 your former omission, and whatsoever you came short of in 
 my former expectations was now fully made good and satisfyed 
 by this letter. . . . And now I want nothing but your advice 
 touching the preservation of my health (which I thanke God 
 is perfect at present) and that you would send mee such 
 things out of the Duke's fonderia as are good against poyson 
 and the plague etc., such as hee some times gives to persons 
 of qualitie. His kindnesse to mee herein I shall some way 
 or other deserve. 
 
 " I doe wish not only for my sake but also for your owne 
 that you would see Constantinople before going into England. 
 . . . This city with the glory of this great Empire I hold much 
 better worth seeing then all Italy, only I confesse the latter 
 to bee a better country in respect of the society of wise men 
 to live in. But yet this in all other respects exceeds that, 
 and with my owne eyes found the vast Thracian plaines to 
 excel! all others I have yet seene. In case you should resolve 
 upon a journey heither, give mee as speedy notice as is possible, 
 and which way you designe, that I may send commands from 
 the Grand Signer and other things for your more honourable 
 reception. And if you have a desire to see any thing in this 
 country, I assure you that none ever had a better advantage 
 than you. For besides my power with the court, I am also 
 Protectour of Jerusalem, and if you will returne by land into 
 England through Poland, I shall bee able to serve you in that 
 manner that I dare assure you you shall bee better received 
 and more honnoured than any of your quality that hath 
 passed that way under the degree of an ambassadour.
 
 248 
 
 When I arrived first here my expences were vast, but now 
 though I live better than any of my predecessours yet I beginne 
 to lay up money. And as to my Master's power here, I doe 
 assure you that it is more than all the other of the representa- 
 tives have together, and that I have the best interpreters of 
 any here, which is a great matter. 
 
 " For newes I have not time to say much, and some things 
 I dare not write without a character [i.e. cipher]. Yet I 
 believe that you will heare speedily that the warre will breake 
 out betweene the two Emperours. For the differences arise 
 more and more, and all the souldiers of the Empire which can 
 bee spared are ordered to march to Belgrade with all speed. 
 Some things I may hence forward impart to you of great 
 concernment, but you must then take the paines to make 
 and send me a character." Letter Book, ii, p. 4. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR J[EREMY] SMITH. 
 
 1663, March 30. Pera. Congratulating him on succeeding 
 Sir John Lawson in the command of the Mediterranean fleet. 
 " I am sensible that the awe those pirates of Barbary conceive 
 at the sight of the frigates under your command will bee at 
 all times more availeable than any commands or paper injunc- 
 tions from this Court. And therefore when the rod you keep 
 over them will not oblige them to maintain their honesty 
 and faith, I shall then despair to see them reduced by the 
 mere respect and obedience to their Emperor." Pray acquaint 
 me with any novelties you encounter, and of the behaviour 
 of the pirates. Ibid. p. 6. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to RICHARD COLSTON, English Consul 
 at Marseilles. 
 
 1663, March 30. Pera. Stating that in future he shall 
 trouble him with the forwarding of his letters, not from any 
 ill feeling to Mr. Lance, but because the consul is the more 
 proper person to have things of public concernment pass 
 through his hands. Ibid. p. 6. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to THOMAS FOTHERBY. 
 
 1663, March 30. Pera. Acknowledging Lady Finch's 
 honourable resolutions " not to leave Moat a naked farme." 
 It was never in his thoughts that she " would exceed the 
 compasse of her deceased lord's commands, or was ignorant 
 of her owne power and right," and, though he thought it fit 
 to remind her of her lord's own words, he begs Fotherby to 
 assure her of his great esteem and honour. Ibid. p. 7. | p. 
 
 Also, a like letter to his steward Martin. Ibid. p. 1. % p. 
 
 THE SAME to JOSEPH WILLIAMSON. 
 
 1663, March 30. Pera. Thanking him for his letter, and 
 assuring him of the satisfaction with which he looks forward to
 
 249 
 
 a correspondence, both with Sir Henry Bennet and himself. 
 Letter Book, ii , p. 8. p. [Original letter in S.P. Turkey.]* 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to JOHN PBESTWOOD. 
 
 1663, March 30. Pera. Thanks him for his accounts of 
 matters in relation to the Levant Company and congratulates 
 him on being chosen an assistant. Is much pleased with the 
 orders they last sent for the regulation of their trade ; and 
 their sense of his good management of their affairs gives him 
 encouragement to proceed. If they would make their last 
 year's present of 2,000 dollars an annual allowance it would 
 still further stimulate him in his care of their affairs. 
 Ibid. p. 9. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, April 4. Aleppo. Since my last, Mr. John Sheppard 
 and Thomas Stanton have submitted and taken the Company's 
 oath. " Most of the rest that are yet to take it are gone to 
 visitt Jerusalem, and may returne by the end of the next 
 month." 
 
 I hope the command your Excellency has obtained for us 
 in reference to our Emyn may stand us in good stead, but the 
 new Emyn being at Stamboul, may I fear, procure one to the 
 contrary of a younger date, for by such ministers they are 
 easily obtained. 1| pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1663, April 7. Tuesday. I send this by Dr. Allestree, 
 " to lett you know that I have prevayld with the worthy 
 doctor to bestow some discourse upon you in order to your 
 preparations for Easter, which I wish may bee accompanyd 
 with as many blessings as I know how to pray for. Nothing 
 can make you truely wise but such a religion as dwells upon 
 your heart and governs your whole life. . . . Bee sure you 
 pay all reverence to this good doctor, who intends to afford 
 you very great assistance in your other studies. . . . 
 
 " Your Aunt Clifton hath a sonne. Remember my service 
 to your tutor, have a care of your health, loose not the 
 reputation which I am told you have gayn'd of diligence and 
 sobriety." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR WILLIAM MORICE, Secretary 
 
 of State. 
 
 1663, April 7. Pera." The foregoing of the 24th of 
 February is a coppie of my last, since which is come to my 
 hands your courteous letter of the 29th of March of the last 
 yeare. It was very long in coming, but I assure you, Sir, when 
 it did arrive it was received with as much affection and 
 
 * There is no letter from WmchiUea amongst the State Papers betweou 
 this date and June 9.
 
 . 250 
 
 cheerefullnesse as is correspondent to the very great respect 
 and honour I beare towards you. I was once of an opinion 
 that all letters of publick ministers from abroad were mutually 
 communicable between both Secretaries, but since I understand 
 that though the correspondence may be amicable yet there 
 may want equall freedome in communicating advises, I shall 
 for the future bee more frequent and particular in my dis- 
 courses to you, and as an earnest hereof send you at present 
 the inclosed intelligence, which is what occurres of most 
 importance and moment, and is all besides my hearty wishes 
 and prayers for your happinesse and prosperitie." 
 Letter Book, p. 14. p. 
 
 Enclosing Intelligence. [Of which the copy actually sent is 
 S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIB HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1663, April 7. Pera. I formerly told you of my 
 apprehension that I might have to accompany the court to 
 the frontiers, but I have contrived an ingenious and handsome 
 excuse with no dissatisfaction to the Vizier. The court 
 is now on its way, and I remain in my wonted station. I am 
 now in a thriving condition and in a fair way for paying my 
 debts, being resolved before I -leave this employment to see 
 myself freed of all encumbrances, and " to have no after game 
 to play at my returne." 
 
 A very civil letter from Sir Andrew Riccard tells me that 
 they are well satisfied with what I have done, and that all 
 matters of misunderstanding are now to be left to your 
 arbitrement, with which I am so well contented that I shall 
 refuse no penalty determined by your award. 
 
 [Renews his request for the 2,000 dollars yearly.] 
 
 Now, whilst I am writing, yours of the 21-31 of January 
 comeS to my hand. Your excuses for not writing are very 
 satisfactory ; I know the multitude of your avocations ; and 
 if you afford me so much of your leisure as to read my letters, 
 and give me, in return, your counsel and advice, " I shall 
 judge I have a large proportion of your time." 
 
 Since I have evaded accompanying the court to the wars, 
 the matter concerning my wife's return to England is out of 
 question, " and the reflections I made before your letter 
 arrived on the same arguments and censures of the world, 
 which you happily concur in, make me resolve on no terms 
 whatsoever to deprive myself of so much consolation as I 
 enjoy by her company. 
 
 " I have no thoughts of returning home before the time of my 
 Embassie is expired, nor doe I affect so much the gayeties or 
 am enticed by hopes of preferment from the court as to invite 
 me to abandon the office untill my whole businesse is fully 
 compleated. My thoughts and resolutions are now setled. 
 I am accustomed to the constitution and temperament of
 
 261 
 
 the climate and beginne to take a contentment in the 
 country, and am fully satisfyed that should I attaine all the 
 hopes the court can offer me they would come short of that 
 reall and substantiall good I am reaping and harvesting here. 
 And moreover I assure you untill I have your plenary consent 
 and invitation to returne I shall not cast an eye or thought 
 upon "England. 
 
 " I am glad to heare my children thrive, and are in health, 
 and I desire you to take order that my sonne Heneage bee 
 sent to Wye schoole to accompany his brother. The eagle's 
 stone I have inclosed in a box and ordered it to bee sent 
 upon the first generall ship from Smirna, and directed it to my 
 daughter Frances to bee presented to your lady. . . . 
 
 "As to my estate in Yorkeshire you wrote mee nothing but 
 what I expected. For Achlam, I ordered him to bee turned 
 away for a knave. Throgmorton I knew to bee one and both 
 of them are now employed. I wish they designe not to 
 dishonour my estate and cry downe my rents to enforce mee 
 to sell to Sir John Hotham and others at easier rates that 
 they may get the greater bribes. Therefore my opinion at 
 this distance is that a third person bee employed with them 
 in equall power untill it may bee opportune to turne them 
 both out." 
 
 I formerly told you of my thoughts of sending my secretary, 
 Ricaut, into England, but the expense of the long journeys 
 makes me less forward in it. I wrote to Sir E. Nicholas, 
 when he was secretary of state, for an allowance for intelligence, 
 as other ministers have here, but was told it was never 
 customary to grant it to this place. If you think that " by 
 force of friends and reason" it might yet be had, I would 
 give half of it to him whom you judge most instrumental 
 in the procurement. 
 
 The mummy I expect from Egypt is not yet arrived. As 
 soon as it comes, I will forward it to England. Letter Book, ii, 
 p. 10. 4 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINOHILSEA to H. MELLISH and H. BROWNE, 
 
 at Ligorne. 
 
 163, April 7. Pera. I have received yours of Feb. 13, 
 enclosing those from my cousin Finch and Dr. Baines, 
 
 "It is the first I received from them since my departure 
 out of England, and therefore 1 had reason in my former 
 letters to resent it ; but since I have it under their own 
 hands that they still remember me, I cannot but give way 
 to my owne good nature, and suffer myself to be appeased 
 with a few good words and a little kindness from my 
 friends." 
 
 I have tried to show you all possible favour concerning the 
 tin and lead brought by the Mary and Elizabeth, and hope 
 your goods will incur no other penalty than the usual 
 consulage. Ibid. p. 14. p.
 
 252 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD TREASURER 
 SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1663, April 8. Pera. " The advice of the happy marriage 
 of your lordship's daughter with my Lord Percy came after 
 the manner of good newes, flying slow and late hether. 
 Otherwise, could the poasts have had as speedy notion as 
 my good wishes, this letter had beene present at the marriage 
 to have signifyed more seasonably my hearty desires and 
 prayers for all prosperitie and contentment to the new married 
 couple and your lordship's family. Howsoever, though I 
 arrive thus late with my congratulatory joyes, they were I 
 assure your lordship as early and ag fervent as any of those 
 who had the advantage to publish them before mee. And 
 bee pleased to intimate so much to the young couple on my 
 behalf and my wife's, that so they may bee satisfyed there 
 are some at this distance who nourish good wishes and an 
 honour for them both." Letter Book, ii, p. 18. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 j 1663, April 8. Pera. " Yours to me without a date, of the 
 '10th of March [sic], I received." Ever since my arrival here, 
 and the departure of the French ambassador, I have aimed at 
 the honour of being employed in the umpirage between Venice 
 and the Grand Signer, whenever a peace should come to be treated 
 of, and I am entered so far into the esteem of the Republic, 
 and have such power and credit with the Turks that I doubt 
 not, when the time comes " to deliver the olive branch from 
 my own hand." I expect to encounter opposition from 
 Signor Balarino, the minister of the Republic, " both because 
 he is ambitious of the glory himself, and because of his envy 
 to me for having shown myself a friend to Signor Capello," 
 their late extraordinary ambassador. 
 
 This Excellency was a person of great honour and sincerity, 
 and had always a particular friendship for me, so that with 
 his last breath he recommended to me the protection of his 
 family of servants, and the care of his dead body, to be trans- 
 ported into his own country. I took the ' corps ' into my 
 house, but was hindered in the sending of it by the I^orte 
 officers, at the instigation, as I found, of Balarino, " partly 
 to prosecute his Italian revenge upon the dead " and partly 
 from envy to me. However, I packed the corpse in a secure 
 chest, got it past the castles of the Hellespont without 
 suspicion, and so aboard ship and safely conveyed to Venice. 
 Some days afterwards, having occasion to ship some bacon 
 for Smyrna, and knowing that the corpse was believed to be 
 still in my house, I had the bacon nailed up in several cases, 
 almost in the form of coffins ; and as soon as they were carried 
 into the street, one of Balarino's janissaries gave notice to 
 the Jews and Turks of the custom house, who, thinking they 
 had found the corpse, immediately opened the cases, but found
 
 253 
 
 but swine's flesh, their abomination. This nearly killed 
 Balarino with discontent, as he had confidently written to 
 Venice that I had mismanaged the business through want 
 of secrecy, and that the corpse was still in my house. 
 
 I knew of these letters but kept quiet until they had been 
 gone three weeks, when he learned that the corpse was safe 
 out of his reach. " So that now his owne letters will condemne 
 him before the Senate, and evidence my zeale for their service." 
 If you come hither, I hope to contrive a way for you to succeed 
 me in this embassy, " if that 2,5001. sterling (at the least) by 
 the yeare may be an invitation to persuade you out of Italy 
 or England. But in this you must bee so profoundly secret as 
 not to let your brother [Sir Heneage], know it, until! wee have 
 agreed upon the manner, for Sir Edw. Deering is now in a 
 faire way for it. 
 
 " I have considered and laughed at the wanton marriage 
 between Lady Copleman and Mrs. Stuart ; it is a strange 
 peece of false heraldry ; I wonder which judged herself to 
 partake most of the masculine sex, to act the husband." 
 There are strange doings now amongst women, correspondent 
 to the other extravagancies of our times. I send you here- 
 with a character [cipher] that we may write the more freely 4~ 
 to each other. Letter Book, ii, p. 15. 2| pp. 
 
 CIPHER. 
 
 1663. Large sheet, endorsed by Lord Winchilsea, " My 
 cypher with my cousin, Sir John Finch, Italy." Probably -t" 
 his own copy of the one alluded to in the above letter. 
 
 The numbers go up to 1,126. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENRY BENNET. 
 
 1663, April 8. Pera. Explaining his reasons for not 
 
 accompanying the court to the frontiers, and expressing his 
 
 willingness still to do so, if it would be in any way 
 
 "available" to his Majesty's service. Letter Book, ii, p. 19. \p. 
 
 Enclosing : 
 
 Letter of Intelligence (another copy of which is in 
 S.P. Turkey). Ibid. p. 20. 3 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to SIGNOR TOMASO GOBBATO at Venice. 
 
 1663, April 8. Pera. Rejoices to hear of the safe arrival 
 of the precious chest at Venice, and of the honours which 
 were conferred on the blessed remains. Hopes soon to see 
 him again, and learn all the details of the ceremony. Italian. 
 Ibid. p. 23. \ p. 
 
 SIR HENRY BENNET to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, April 8. Whitehall. Recommending Jonathan Dawes, 
 the freighter of the William and John, who has freely offered 
 to carry despatches and so has deprived himself of the 
 advantage he might have gained by touching at particular
 
 254 
 
 ports. Prays Winchilsea to secure him all possible privileges in 
 the Grand Signior's dominions. Signed. 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIGNOB SIMON RENINGHEN, 
 Resident for the Emperor. 
 
 1663, April 9. Pera. Thanking him for his letter 
 (announcing his arrival at and departure from Adrianople) 
 and regretting to hear of his indisposition, when he so much 
 needs health of body to support the anxieties of his mind. 
 Is grieved there has been so much delay in finding the dogs 
 which he promised to the Emperor, but hopes that before 
 this time they are at Cologne. Prays him to take care of his 
 health, and having done his part as a good and prudent 
 minister, to leave all in God's hands. Lady Winchilsea 
 sends her affectionate greetings, and the little Leopold kisses 
 his hands. Italian. Letter Book, ii, p. 23. f p. 
 
 THE SAME to WILLIAM Mico at Ligorne. 
 
 1663, April 10. Pera. Thanking him for presents of wine 
 and gunpowder, and especially for a " setting bitch," which 
 is pleasing to him above anything that can be imagined. 
 
 The Rhenish and Muscadine have both proved "exellent 
 good," the first being " proved by the palate of the Germaine 
 Resident, who acknowledged that were he upon the river of 
 Rhine, he could not drinke better." Ibid. p. 17. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL or SOUTHAMPTON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, April 10. When I receive your kind letters, I owe you 
 an account how grateful your advertisements are ; and when 
 anything therein relates to your own concern, I am ready to 
 join Mr. Secretary in forwarding it. 
 
 His Majesty has ordered a privy seal for the repayment 
 to you of the charges you had in redemption of those mariners 
 taken in Morea. 
 
 " Wee heare here your Emperor and his Grandees are 
 likely to be very active, and should be very loth to heare the 
 storme were like to fall on Christendom, which is soe distracted 
 in it selfe and I believe more in peace then it wilbe longe after 
 the King of Spain's death, which probably will bring with it 
 quarrellous pretentions, and which withstands some active 
 neighbor princes from being at present embarqued in any 
 thing may be a clogg upon them then. Here his Majesty 
 is sitting in Parliament of both Howses ; great affection 
 and prudence. I could never give you a better account and 
 therefore the harmony betwixt his Majesty and them I hope 
 will have a very good influence on all his affaires." Signed. 
 1 p. Seal of arms in garter, with coronet. 
 
 SIR THOMAS BENDYSHE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, April 11. London. I am sure your lordship will 
 act very prudently for the good of the Company and their
 
 256 
 
 trade; "nevertheless, were I not sure your greatnes would 
 exempt you from their danger, I should advise you to be 
 before-hand with them, for should you act with the wisdome 
 of Solomon and the integrity of an angell, you could never 
 escape their dirty mouthes, nor their unjust actions. They 
 threatne to sue me (but I defie them) for doing those things 
 which your honour hath don and must doe, while you continue 
 there, but they begin not yet. Your lordship will meete Avith 
 som cross minister at times while you remaine abroade, but 
 ... I believe your quiet there will surpass all you could find 
 were you here. 
 
 " This day all Jesuits and preests are to depart England 
 by proclamation on the 14th of the next month, those only 
 excempted that attend the two queens. The Parliament sit 
 dayly about settling the King's revennues, but nothing yet 
 done." 
 
 For the willingness your honour has expressed in countenanc- 
 ing my son at Cairo, I shall ever be your grateful servant. 
 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1663, April 18. Pera. Concerning money matters and 
 the management of his estate. Letter Book, ii, p. 24. f p. 
 
 Also a letter to the Commissioners of his estate, on the same 
 subjects. Ibid. p. 26. \\ pp. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MORICE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, April 21. London. I shall be very sorry to have 
 been instrumental in any thing that may entrench upon 
 your lordship's rights, but I was never advertised by you or 
 any other that the disposal of the consulates was left to 
 you. " I knew his Majesty had formerly confer'd som of 
 them, and in this of Tunis there was one in possession who 
 resigned it to Mr. Erlisman and surrendered his patent ; 
 and this gentleman beinge sonne in lawe to Sir John Clobery, 
 who had well merited of his Majesty, he was willing to gratify 
 him in a request which he knew not to be to the prejudice of 
 any, and to substitute a gentleman who was recommended to 
 him as competent." Since your lordship is so clement as to 
 remit the fault ignorantly committed, I should be doubly 
 guilty if not cautious henceforth not to perpetrate a sin of 
 knowledge. 
 
 " All things are here calme and serene and like to continue so 
 for any storme or cloud that we can foresee like to arise and 
 overcast our faire dayes, though at the first meetinge of the 
 parliament they complied not with his Majesty in that liberty 
 or indulgence which his declaration preliminary to their 
 convention held forth toward dissenters from the Acte of 
 Uniformity, and insteed thereof not only quickned but 
 sharpened the lawes against Papists, and obtained from
 
 256 
 
 his Majesty a proclamation to proscribe all priests and Jesuits 
 save such as by contracts of mariage were to waite on the 
 two queenes, and by the lawes of nations to attend forraine 
 embassadors ; yet his Majesty givinge way to that streame 
 which sett so strongly as it was not to be turned, there hath 
 beene since a perfect harmony betwixt him and the houses, 
 though what addition they will make to his revenues, or 
 supplement to his present wantes, we are not without our 
 doubts which ballance our confidence. There hath beene not 
 only som umbrage but som checks betweene the commons 
 house of parliament in Irland, and the Courte of Claymes 
 there, wherin the English conceive the Irish to have too much 
 favor and the restitution of so many of them to their estates 
 to be destructive to the English interest, and what may be the 
 result thereof we are not without som feares, though we 
 have good hopes." 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF CLARENDON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, April 25. Worcester House. " I must make a 
 thousande apologyes to you, and begg as many pardons from 
 you, for havinge receaved so many favours from you with- 
 out returninge my most hearty acknowledgements, which 
 Mr. Sollicitor will beare me witnesse I have constantly 
 resolved to doe, but I know not how the opportunities of 
 sendinge have slipped by me unawares. So that I may not 
 still ly under this reproch to my selfe, I write this to lodge 
 in Mr. Sollicitors hande, to be convayed to your lordship 
 when he meetes with the opportunity : By him I receaved the 
 pretious book your lordshipp sent me, which inables me to 
 be a benefactor to the university lybrary at Oxforde, wher 
 it is placed with just solemnity and acknowledgement of your 
 lordshipps goodnesse in the contribution. I give you most 
 humble thanks for it, and do beseech you to believe that 
 though I do not performe all circumstantiall and ceremoniall 
 offices towards you by my frequent letters, I do omitt no 
 occasyon of serveing you to my utmost power. I do not 
 observe any advance made towards that pyous worke 
 you propose for redeaminge Christian slaves, my Lord 
 Treasurers and my indisposicion (both of us beinge lately 
 oppressed by the gowte more than we use to be) havinge I 
 thinke retarded this good worke, which shall receave all 
 possible encouragement from me, and I do assure you all 
 your commaunds shall finde a very ready obedyence." 
 Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, May 5. Aleppo. There has arrived at Gombroon a 
 Dutch ship from India, which was one of the fleet at the 
 siege of Cochin, and relates that the said place was taken in 
 January last ; that the Hollanders have utterly routed the 
 Portugals, and are now sole masters of Cochin, where is
 
 257 
 
 abundance of Cassia lignum and pepper, so that the Dutch 
 have, in a manner, engrossed all the spices. If some speedy 
 way be not found to advance the English trade in India, it 
 will be past recovery. 1J pp. 
 
 CONSTTL LANNOY to THE EABL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, May 10. Aleppo. A merchant of Antwerp having 
 arrived and put himself under the protection of the Dutch 
 consul, the French consul required him to come under 
 his protection, " pretending that it was the priviledge 
 granted the French King " that all strangers at 
 Aleppo should receive no other protection but under 
 the French banner. The contest between the French 
 and Dutch grew to very high words, " both presuming 
 that each had right." After they had contested fourteen 
 days, I gave them notice that " neither of them had anything 
 to doe in protecting the stranger, but only my selfe. The 
 Dutch consul ... let fall his pretence. The French, fuller 
 of words then reason, could not understand that his Master 
 should be deprived of that honour," showing the capitulations 
 made in 1604, which he said could not be altered without his 
 King's consent. To this I replied that you had renewed 
 the capitulations, with an article annulling all grants to 
 the French of the protection of strangers, and that " your 
 Excellency was not to ask the French King's leave what 
 should be written in the English capitulations. If he found 
 himself e aggrieved he might demand satisfaction of the Gran 
 Signor," but neither he nor any other should infringe our 
 privileges. He could say nothing in reply but that he should 
 inform his Master how his due was taken from him by the 
 remissness of his ambassador in permitting such a clause to 
 be inserted into our capitulations, and doubted not but his 
 King would procure it to be altered. 1| pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE KING. 
 
 1663, May 20. Pera. The Turkey Company having some 
 humble desires to submit to your Majesty, I have thought 
 it my duty to introduce them to your royal feet, humbly 
 imploring your Majesty's gracious help in redress of those 
 abuses in their trade which interrupt their lawful enjoyment 
 of the immunities granted to their society, the particulars 
 whereof will be delivered by themselves. If my recommenda- 
 tion find any acceptance with your Majesty, it will be such an 
 evident testimony that I still live in your favour " as will 
 adde to my dayes and contentment here, and afford me continuall 
 matter of triumph and contemplation," that I, whose only 
 delight is to please and serve your Majesty, have my service 
 accepted, and remain in your favour, "a blessing and reward 
 above which my endeavours can never merit." Letter Book, ii, 
 p. 28. f p. 
 
 Wt. 29495, w 17
 
 258 
 
 M. BARON, French Consul, to THE EARL OF WINCHELSEA. 
 
 1663, [May 23-] June 2. Aleppo. My journey into 
 France has been put off for some days, which has given me 
 time to see the letters touching the Sieur Foulk. I have 
 ordered the French nation in the Isle of Cyprus to send me 
 all the papers, which shall then be forwarded at once to you, 
 and I will abide by all that the arbiters appointed by you 
 decide. "Sy ledit Sieur Fouk eust fait paroistre un peu plus 
 de foy qu'il n'a fait, sans doute qu'il seroit plus a son aize qu'il 
 n'est. Dieu le pardonne aussy au Sieur Draperis, qui a ouvert 
 un chemin qui peut faire un jour du tord a la nation angloize, 
 comm'il en a tres bien fait a la francoize." 
 
 A few days ago, there happened a little contre-temps which, 
 if the friendship between our two nations had not been very 
 strong, might have chilled it.* It concerned one Sieur 
 Fran9ois Vandrissen of Antwerp, come hither on business, 
 whom M. de la Noye [Lannoy] pretended was under his protec- 
 tion. I made known to him that there was no example of 
 strangers in Aleppo being under any other jurisdiction than 
 that of France, as is clearly set forth in our capitulations, 
 but M. de la Noye informed me that he found the same thing 
 in those sent him by your Excellency. I replied that I 
 could not believe the King of England would claim for his 
 officers to encroach upon the rights which my Master has 
 possessed for sixty years, and said other things which were 
 untruly reported to M. de la Noye and might have caused a 
 quarrel, but we remain good friends, and I do not think he will 
 demand a thing which has never been. I pray you to write 
 to him as regards the future, for if he had met any other 
 consul of France but myself, it might have cost him much 
 money and trouble. French. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR WILLIAM MORICE. 
 
 1663, May 25. Pera. Sending him the " occurrences " of 
 the place, which he hopes " may not come altogether stale and 
 useless " to him. Letter Book, ii, p. 29. p. 
 
 Enclosing : 
 
 Intelligence from Constantinople. 
 
 The Grand Signer is at Adrianople, and the Vizier has 
 begun his march from Sophia towards Belgrade, " which 
 is no sign of composure [with the Emperor], especially 
 the last envoye having been unhansomely received 
 and returned againe without satisfaction ; besides, the 
 Turkes encrease every day in their demands as the 
 Emperour condescends, which is an evident token that 
 there is nothing further from their intentions then 
 the thoughts of peace." 
 
 * See previous page.
 
 259 
 
 The Cossacks, Muscovites and "Calmutz" are united 
 against the Tartars, and have besieged Ozov, " the key 
 and fortress of Tartary," which puts the Tartar Han to 
 great difficulties, especially as the Grand Signer has 
 summoned him to come to his aid against the Emperor 
 with all speed, " for that hee would admit of no excuses 
 whatsoever, and in case of non-complyance would 
 constitute another in his kingdome. However, the 
 Han is resolved to attend his owne affaires, and see the 
 fire extinguished first in his owne house." The Cossacks 
 will, it is believed, very much annoy the Turks this 
 year in the Black Sea, who have sent a very inconsider- 
 able force against them. The preparations against 
 Venice are also very inconsiderable, " the chief e thoughts 
 of the Turkes being this yeare intent to their prepara- 
 tions by land." 
 
 Signer Balarino has gone to Adrianople, to be with the 
 Court. It is judged that he would have been more 
 prudent to remain here, for if he has no new matter 
 to propose (as a reason for going), "he runnes a great 
 risk of being returned to his antient confinement in 
 that place." Letter Book, ii, p. 30. l\ pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to his cousin, SIR H. FINCH. 
 
 1663, May 25. Pera. I send you a diamond ring, to be 
 sold for the advantage of my estate. I bought it here at a 
 very reasonable rate, and wish to make trial " what gains 
 may sometimes bee obtained here in jewels." It cost me 
 about 60/., but I would not have it sold for less than 100J., 
 " for I believe so perfect a stone will yield a greater rather 
 then a lesse price." 
 
 My chaplain, Mr. Denham, wishes to return to England, 
 and " because the little conversation I have here had need bee 
 choice and good, especially to performe that function, I desire 
 to have one of your election, a man wise and religious." I 
 have also asked Sir Andrew Riccard about one, but said he 
 must have your approbation. I have written several letters 
 to Mr. Secretary Bennet but had no returns, so shall abstain 
 for the present. I " know not the genius of his person " 
 and pray you to advise me whether my letters will be acceptable 
 to him, as if not, I will alter my correspondence to some 
 other. Ibid. p. 32. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to WILLIAM Mico. 
 
 1663, May 25. Pera. I Send you my coach and furniture 
 (which in this country is wholly unserviceable) to dispose of 
 if it will yield a tolerable price in Italy, "rather than to leave 
 it here to be consumed with time and rust." 
 
 You will receive some money from Mr. White to be remitted 
 for me to England ; in which, as in many other things I
 
 260 
 
 rely upon your kindness. I try to find something here to 
 demonstrate my acknowledgments to you ; " but this country 
 is so barren of all curiosities " that I as yet know of nothing 
 that would be grateful to you. 
 
 Postscript. Pray use your best arguments to persuade 
 Sir John Finch and Dr. Baines to give me a visit here. Also, 
 pray send me a tariffa of the value of jewels in Italy. Letter 
 Book, ii, 33. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OP WINOHILSEA to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1663, May 25. Pera. Sends him intelligence (as to Sir W. 
 Morice, see p. 258 above) and prays for "a ball to try the 
 goodnesse of water " and some antidotes of poison. 
 
 " Both I and my wife challenge the performance of your 
 promise of making a voyage hither with Dr. Baines " ; I 
 shall use no motives but those intimated in my last letter, 
 "for I have that confidence in your affection to mee that 
 I believe the seeing mee and my wife are the best arguments." 
 Ibid. p. 34. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, May 23 and June 6. Aleppo. Your Excellency's 
 letters of April 25 have so fully answered what the factory 
 desired to know, that Messrs. Gamaliel Nightingale, Alex. 
 Travell, Wm. Hussey, John Verney, Thos. Hunt, Thos. Croftes, 
 and Edward Bovey have submitted and taken the Company's 
 oath. Only four or five are left, who say that until they have 
 some employment, there is no need to take it. 
 
 The French consul is writing to you about the business 
 depending between Mr. Roger Fowke and the French nation, 
 and has promised that the papers shall be sent to you. 
 I p. 
 
 June 6. The above has remained here for want of a 
 conveyance. We hear that the States General have sent 
 here a new consul, in place of the Dutch Resident's 
 brother. 
 
 " I humbly entreate you, if the French consul hath writt 
 you, as he tells me he hath, to answer his letter by the first 
 conveyance ; for he is so weake of judgment as to believe 
 your Excellencie will condescend to let him have the protection 
 of the strangers, because he sales his King's honour is concerned. 
 ... I humbly conceive the plainer your Excellencie gives 
 your answer to him, the better." Our new Emyn is daily 
 expected. 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE PRINCE OF MOLDAVIA. 
 
 1663, June 6. Pera. Recommending his friend, " dominus " 
 La Forrest, a Frenchman, who is going to Poland on his 
 own affairs. Latin. Ibid. p. 35. \ p.
 
 261 
 
 THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA to THE KINO OP POLAND. 
 
 1663, June 6. Had received his letters in favour of ' Peter " 
 Simsen, and will do his best to forward his business, but 
 things move very slowly in these parts. Recommends 
 Dominus La Forrest to his favour. Latin. Letter Book, ii, p. 35. 
 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIB HENRY BENNET. 
 
 1663, June 9. Pera. Stating that according to his 
 instructions he is hastening to the Court at Adrianople, and 
 referring him to his " large letter " of this same date, which 
 he is sending by way of Smyrna. Ibid. p. 41. p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, June 9. I shall endeavour to observe all your 
 instructions given in your letter of March 23, and have sent 
 my chief interpreter to Adrianople to procure leave for my 
 journey thither. If it can be done without notice to the 
 Vizier (who is with the army on the frontier), I shall depart 
 in very few days ; if not, it will retard me a few days longer. 
 
 I do not think the business will be difficult, for we desire 
 no more than is in our capitulations. The only difficulties 
 I make is, first, how to excuse the neglect of the letter to the 
 Vizier, which has always been the first step to addressing 
 the Grand Signer. The Vizier, with the insolence and pride 
 of a Turk, will never admit of excuses for this neglect, and 
 this might be a very great obstruction, but that the Vizier 
 being at a great distance I may possibly frame some excuses 
 which those near the Grand Signer, and not much concerned 
 in his honour, may possibly accept of. 
 
 Also, both in the letter and superscription to the Grand 
 Signer his name was given as Ibrahim instead of Mahomet, 
 but, by help of a knife and a good pen, I have corrected this 
 and closed it again, so that no alteration is visible. 
 
 There may be a difficulty in getting nine hattesheriffes under 
 the Grand Signer's own hand, but if they cannot be obtained 
 without paying an extravagant price, I will get three originals 
 and the rest copies " firmed " by one of the chief officers. 
 
 If the Grand Signer sends an Aga with his reply to his 
 Majesty the cost will be very great. I therefore shall offer 
 the service of my secretary Ricaut, whom I can ill spare, 
 but whose knowledge and experience will be very valuable 
 in the business. Ibid. p. 36. 5 pp. [Original in S.P. 
 Turkey.] 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to M. BARON, French Consul at 
 
 Aleppo. 
 
 1663, June 18. Pera. I have received your honour's 
 courteous letter of the 2nd of this month, and thank you
 
 262 
 
 for your kind inclination to accede to my desire to make an 
 end of Fowke's business, and for the liberty you give me 
 to name the arbitrators ; but being on my journey to 
 Adrianople, I pray you to excuse me, as I shall have no time 
 for such matters until my return. I think it would be best 
 for the arbitrators to be chosen by the parties interested, 
 with engagement to abide by their decision. 
 
 As to the privilege of protecting stranger nations, I can 
 assure you that forty years ago that right was conferred 
 by the Grand Signor upon the King my master, and there 
 having at first been a contention (at no small cost) on this 
 point, it was in the end determined in public divan, where 
 both Ambassadors were present, and the sentence given in 
 favour of the English ; and this has been newly confirmed 
 in the capitulations during my own time here, so that I cannot 
 give up that public right without evident danger and prejudice 
 to myself. But I hope this will neither disturb our private 
 friendship or public harmony, and have written to my consul 
 to maintain a perfect union with you and the French nation. 
 Italian. Letter Book, ii, p. 42. l| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENRY BENNET. 
 
 1663, June 19. Pera. Within two days I hope to begin 
 my journey to Adrianople, and from thence shall give you 
 the best intelligence I can. A great storm is likely to fall 
 upon the Dutch merchants in this country by the miscarriage 
 of one of their ships, which " loading the Grand Signor 's 
 goods and merchandize of Turkes in the Roade of Alexandria 
 . . . was surprized by the Maltese and Venetian corsares, 
 and carried prize into Christendome." The Turks believe that 
 the Master of the ship was privy to the treachery, "as there 
 are many violent suspitions thereof," and the Grand Signor, 
 who is resolved to lose nothing of what he entrusts to Christian 
 vessels, makes the Dutch Resident and nation responsible for 
 the whole. 
 
 The matter is proceeded to that height that orders are given 
 to secure the Dutch estates at Smyrna, and the Resident is 
 commanded to Adrianople, where, in all probability, if he will 
 not engage to pay the whole loss, he will be imprisoned, and 
 the whole estate of the nation in Turkey confiscated. This 
 may have an advantageous influence on the English trade and 
 interest in these parts. Ibid. p. 43. 1| pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, June 23. Aleppo. The new Emeen arrived a 
 fortnight ago, and Lannoy has recommended the factory 
 to be careful to give him just satisfaction in paying him his 
 dues. 1 p.
 
 263 
 
 MATTHEW LISTER, consul in Cyprus, to THE EARL OP 
 WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, June 26. Larnica [Larnaka]. Your Excellency's 
 reference of the difference between Mr. Fowke and the French 
 nation to arbitration, is no more than reason, and what the 
 said nation are willing to condescend to, as I have often heard 
 them say. It is better for both parties than " to satiate the 
 unsatisfied appetite of Turkish justice," on which way they 
 have already spent too much. 
 
 I pray you to furnish me with two commands : first, that 
 no Bassa pretend to more than the usual present ; secondly, in 
 relation to the Captain Bassa's demand that every ship 
 " inpeted " since his being in office should give him presents, 
 a thing never heard of before in these parts. The Malta 
 galleys anchored in this port a few days since, but offered 
 no incivilities, and are now gone, it is believed, to the armado. 
 1 p. Copy. 
 
 Overleaf. A short letter, dated Aug. 28, sending the above. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MORICE to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, July 2. " . . . We are here in much serenity and 
 without any apprehensions of disturbance. There is a great 
 harmony betweene the Kinge and his parliament, who have 
 at this session given him four subsidies to be paid within a 
 yeare. There hath beene som attempt to surprise Dublin 
 castle by som malecontents, inconsiderable persons, and 
 theire designe as inconsiderate, their number few, their power 
 ineffectual ; they were timely discovered, and by this time 
 have Suffer'd (som of them) the reward of their treason. His 
 Majesty thought his affaires in Scotland maleadministred by 
 my Lord Middleton, and he hath transfered his charge on my 
 Lord Rothes, who ig now made his commissioner there. The 
 English armes are made celebrious by a victory obtained by 
 the Portugal army against Don John, who commanded the 
 Spanish forces which had taken Evora and distrest that 
 whole kingdom, but in a battle strucke the 29 of May* a 
 signal victory was acquired by the Portuguese and their 
 auxiliars, wherein the English (as the Portugals themselves 
 acknowledge) had the greatest share of this honor. Don 
 John lost all his canon, cariages and baggage, the whole army 
 beinge routed and driven out of the country. We have had 
 our eyes longe turned toward France to observe what wilbe 
 the issue of the treaty betweene that Kinge and the Pope, 
 but that negotiation is now interrupted, and Rasponi returned 
 to Rome and Crequi on his way to Paris, but the Pope hath 
 made this advantage of the traverses, that the yeere is so farre 
 spent as that nothinge can be donne by French armes this 
 yeere and before the next there may be new emergencies. 
 In the Low countryes there is som resentment and uneasines 
 
 * The battle of Ameixial or El Canal, fought on the 8th of June, new style.
 
 264 
 
 amonge the United Provinces, occasioned by a forme of 
 praier composed and enjoyned by Hollande within their 
 province, wherein the states of Hollande are named before the 
 States General and other Kings, and the prince of Orange 
 left out ; the blood begins to sowre there, but perchance 
 wilbe kept from breakage out into an ulcer. That those of 
 Algier have violated the league with those provinces, by 
 seismge of som of their ships, is perchance better knowne 
 to you then us, but we perhaps can better advertise you of the 
 resolutions taken by Holland to prosecute the warre against 
 those barbarians and of the preparations makinge in order 
 thereunto. . . . 
 
 P.S. " My Lord of Carleil is within ten dayes to sett forward 
 for an embassy to the Emperor of Russia (who sent lately 
 his Embassadors to his Majesty) and in his returne he is to 
 salute the Kings of Sweden and Denmarke. My Lord Holies 
 is sooner to sett forth for the French Courte." 1 p. Seal of 
 arms, 
 
 WILLIAM HEDGES to THE EARL or WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, July 21. Galata. " ... I heartily commisserate 
 your Excellencies sufferings by reason of the heate ; the 
 northerly windes beginne to settle here and have blowne soe 
 fresh these two or three dayes that we hope your Excellencie 
 may have been the cooler for them at Adrianople. The plague 
 (blessed be God) is not soe much as talked of at Galata, nor 
 doe I heare of its increase any where amongst the Turkes or 
 Jewes. In two or three houses about the Four Corners some 
 persons are sick (as I'm told they are generally every yeare) 
 and but two only dead ; in other places not soe hott as possibly 
 your Excellencie may have been informed." We have not 
 a syllable of newes from any part of Christendom. 1 p.* 
 
 CAPT. WILLIAM BERKELEY to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, July 24. Bonadventure, St. Jacamore's Poynt, 
 Smyrna. Giving an account of his voyage from Tangier, by 
 way of Malaga and Livornia, whence he sailed in company 
 of the Amity, Captain Glide, "a very rich shippe, and wholly 
 uppon the accompte of the English." 
 
 As for news, " the Earle of Tivett [Teviot], formerly Lord 
 Rutherford, is arrived at Tanger governour, and in 14 days 
 time hath cast up workes aboute the towne, and builte two 
 redouts, and all with the losse of one centinell ; soe that 
 Tanger goes on verie sucksessfully, and I beleive by this time, 
 they have taken in ground suffitient to maintayne all the 
 horse and cattell belonging to the garrison. . . . Sir John 
 Lawson and Mr. Chumney [Hugh Cholmondeley] is expected 
 daylie for the carying on the worke of the moulde. At Mallago, 
 
 * There are several other letters from Treasurer Hedges about this time, 
 but almost entirely about money matters.
 
 265 
 
 wee heard of the greate victory the Portugals have had of the 
 Spaniards. . . . Don John of Austria his horse was killed 
 under him and as some of those that ran from the fight and 
 weare at Mallago (when we passed by) reported the English 
 to be those that gave them the route ; charging the horse, 
 whose generalls head is since taken off by Don John for his 
 running away. . . . 
 
 "It is believed that the Spaniards will not be able to doe 
 any thinge more this summer, soe that the Portugalls are 
 like for to recover all that they have formerly lost. 
 
 " When I was at Livornia some fower months since, Sir 
 John Finch tould me that if I should goe for Smyrna or 
 Constantinople this summer, he would come with me to 
 weighte on your Excellencie ; which caused me, when I was 
 at Livornia, to send to him word to Florence of my coming -f- 
 heere ; but received noe answer from him." 1J pp. 
 
 SIR THOMAS ALLEST to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, July 28. Rainbow. The Downs. " ... I was much 
 troubled for the death of my young lady, but rejoyced at 
 the happy recruite the Lord hath bin pleaced to give you. 
 ... I have bin employed upon the coasts of Spaine and 
 Portugall, commanding ten saile of ships in the King of 
 Portugall's service. Now Sir John Lawson commands that 
 coast. Sir John Mennes having the Comptroller's place in 
 the Navy Office, the King have bin pleased to give me the 
 command of the Rainbow, and to weare his flag heere ; but 
 I having a ranging head, thinketh it a little tedious to be 
 bound to an anchor continually., without a little sport of 
 sailing . . . but submit to anything to serve my Master. 
 ... I am sorry to hear that any strife should arise betweene 
 so eminent persons as my Lord of Bristoll against my Lord 
 Chancellor," but hope it will be settled before the meeting of 
 Parliament. " I was so unhappy as to be a merchant of 
 iron-worke and nails in partnership with Sir George Smith 
 and Sir William Vincent." They cost me 230J., I left them 
 with Mr. Hyet, and cannot hear if they be sold or no. I 
 pray you to speak to him about it, but not as from me. 
 Signed. 1 p. 
 
 WILLIAM HEDGES to THE SAME. 
 
 1063, July 30. Galata. I sent my lady's letter to Yerlikai 
 and enclose the answer (wanting}. Mr. Charles is very cheerful 
 and free from fever, which I believe certainly only proceeds 
 from his teeth. All others are well and no increase of the 
 sickness. We now daily expect to hear the welcome news of 
 your Excellency's sudden return. 1 p. 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Aug. 4. Adrianople. The Reis Effendi tells me 
 that the Chimacam refuses to take 800 shequins, and that
 
 266 
 
 if you would have your despatch to-morrow 200 more must 
 be added. " I contended as much as I could, but in vaine, 
 the Reis Effendi saying that he was ashamed of the avarice 
 of the other, and offered to give his 200 to make up the summe." 
 
 1 told him I would write to your lordship and give him the 
 answer to-morrow. Meanwhile, he will labour with the other 
 to bring him to take the 800, which if he do, I told him you 
 would present him with two vests. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE KING. 
 
 1663, Aug. 4. Adrianople. Has obtained from the Grand 
 Signer a ratification of the articles of peace with Tunis, Algier 
 and Tripoli, for which he has had to journey to Adrianople. 
 Is sending Ricaut, his secretary, to deliver the ratifications, 
 and thence to England, who will give his Majesty an exact 
 account of all things. Is confident of his fidelity, " since 
 the loyall sufferings of his family have allready been sufficient 
 testimonies to vouch him, and prays, by him, to know whether 
 he has committed any errors in his charge, which he will in 
 all humility endeavour to correct. Sends his Majesty an 
 Arabian horse, the best he can procure. Letter Book, ii, p. 46. 
 
 2 pp. [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE DUKE OF YORK. 
 
 1663, Aug. 4. Adrianople. Is desiring his secretary to 
 assure his Royal Highness of the " great honour and humble 
 reverence " which he maintains towards his person ; for 
 though so far away, he still lives under the shadow of his Majesty 
 and the " umbrage " of his Highness, which extends itself to 
 the remotest parts of the world, and his zeal is as great for 
 his service "as any of those who daily receive new fuell" 
 from his favours. Ibid. p. 48. f p. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD CHANCELLOR CLARENDON. 
 
 1663, Aug. 4. Adrianople. The bearer hereof, Ricaut, 
 my secretary, returning into England with ratifications of 
 the peace with Algiers, Tunis and Tripoli, I have commanded 
 him to give your lordship an account of what has passed 
 here in the matter, that you may be able to judge of the 
 stability of that peace which his Majesty with so much pains 
 and expence has endeavoured to maintain. 
 
 " I thanke God, I can of a truth and without vaine glory 
 speake it, that the fame, esteeme and interest of his Majesty 
 was never more exalted in this Empire then at present, for 
 whilest all other Christian representatives are under a cloud 
 and ill-looked on in this Court, I have the honour, through the 
 bright beames of his Majesty, to appeare in the eyes of all 
 without any prejudice or dissatisfaction. 
 
 [Narrates the history of the Dutch ship, as on p. 262 above.]
 
 267 
 
 The Dutch resident was sent for here and is committed to 
 prison, and doubtless he and his nation will be made to pay the 
 utmost asper. Commands being sent to secure the estates 
 of the Dutch merchants at Smyrna, their traffic is at a stand, 
 which must promote ours. His Majesty is considered the 
 most sincere friend of the Porte, the benefit of the English 
 trade the more considered and the greatness of his Majesty 
 better understood, "which I never loose the occasion to extoll 
 and magnify. 
 
 " If your lordship apprehends I have committed any 
 errours in the management of this Embassie, be pleased to 
 informe me clearely, and I shall receive the correction as an 
 evident token of your lordship's favour and friendship, 
 esteeming it an extraordinary happinesse to have my wayes 
 chalked out and directed by so undoubted an oracle." Letter 
 Book, ii, p. 49. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD TREASURER SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1663, Aug. 4. Adrianople. Having received his Majesty's 
 commands to procure a ratification of the three treaties with 
 Algier, Tunis and Tripoli, I repaired to Adrianople, and 
 must confess that after my first audience things proceeded 
 with little difficulty, the Grand Signor being willing to gratify 
 his Majesty in all reasonable demands ; for since the other 
 representatives are eclipsed by the wars and disgusts arisen 
 between them and the Turks, the friendship of his Majesty 
 is the more applauded, and his greatness the more esteemed.* 
 
 I am sending the ratifications by my secretary, Ricaut, 
 although it is with difficulty that I deprive myself of his 
 services, but he is so well practiced in the affairs of this court, 
 and so fit to do his Majesty service in Barbary (where he 
 is to deliver the counterparts of the ratifications) that I have 
 willingly consented to the inconvenience. I have charged 
 him to impart to your lordship many things of my private 
 affairs, for I have entrusted him with all my secrets and 
 advised with him in all occasions, and " have found him so 
 faithfull to my interest, and so sincere and prudent in his 
 councells," that I rely much upon his negotiations for me in 
 England, and beseech your lordship to afford him more 
 than ordinary countenance. This journey, with the customary 
 presents and fees, will amount to a considerable expense. 
 I am sending you an account of it, that you may consider 
 where, in equity, the burden ought to lie. All England is 
 concerned in the benefits of the peace with Barbary. and 
 so it ought to be a general charge of the traders to Spain, 
 Italy and those parts. I beseech you to have a regard to 
 the relief of the Turkey Company, "and let them not bearc 
 the greater taxe or fare the worse because they entrust mee 
 with their estates." Ibid. p. 51. 3 pp. 
 
 * A very long letter to Secretary Bennet on this subject, dated Aug. 5, is 
 in the Letter Book, but the original will be found in S.P, Turkey.
 
 268 
 
 Also, Letter to Sir William Morice, to the same effect. 
 Letter Book, ii, p. 55. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS. 
 
 1663, Aug. 4. Adrianople. Assuring him of his esteem 
 and friendship, and recommending his secretary, who will 
 make a relation to him of all his affairs both public and private. 
 Ibid. p. 53. 1J pp. 
 
 Also, Letter to the Earl of Sandwich, to the same effect. 
 Ibid. p. 57. f p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR JOHN LAWSON. 
 
 1663, Aug. 4. The bearer, Ricaut, my secretary, going into 
 England with the ratifications of the treaty " which you had 
 so happily by force constrained the barbarians to," and being 
 to touch at Algier, Tunis and Tripoli to deliver the like con- 
 firmations, I thought it probable it might be his good fortune 
 to encounter you in the Mediterranean seas, and so give him 
 this to assure you of my respect and friendship, and my wish 
 to serve you, if it were in my power. Ibid. p. 57. J p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE EARL OF TEVIOT, Governor of Tangier. 
 
 1663, Aug. 4. As the bearer, his secretary, may touch at 
 Tangier, he takes the opportunity to congratulate his lordship's 
 entrance into that honourable and weighty employment, 
 wishing him " continually new laurells of victory and 
 successe " and that his fame may be as renowned in Africa as 
 his valour and wisdom have already caused it to be hi Europe. 
 Ibid. p. 58. f p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE COMMISSIONERS OF HIS ESTATE. 
 
 1663, Aug. 5. Adrianople. Their last letters are the most 
 satisfactory of any he has had since his departure, and show 
 the great care they have of his concerns. Hearing that 
 Mr. Walrond had quitted the service of the Duchess of Somerset 
 and fallen from her favour, his own duty to her Grace has 
 demanded that he should cashier him from his service also. 
 Hopes that his affairs may be now in so orderly a posture that 
 the 501. a year salary may be saved. That rents fall " is 
 but bad comfort," but he knows that his affairs are in such 
 faithful hands that if he suffers therein it will be "in the 
 generall and common calamity " of his neighbours. He takes 
 very kindly their lending him money for renewing the leases 
 of the parsonages of Challocke and Kennington, and also their 
 great care concerning the parsonage of Icklestone, approving 
 their delay therein, "rather then to gratefy the humour of 
 proud clergymen who, forgetfull of all that is past, neither 
 know themselves nor their function." 
 
 Lastly, he thanks them for their kind design to have furnished 
 money themselves "to have bought the timber of Moat," if
 
 269 
 
 they could have had a good penny-worth, and assures them 
 that he would sell Eastwell and mortgage his whole estate 
 rather than they should suffer. Letter Book, p. 59. 2| pp. 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Aug. 15. Smyrna. " Though I arrived but this 
 morning by breake of day, something indisposed and sleepy, 
 yet because I delight in performance of your lordships 
 commands, my writing now is a recreation and my wearinesse 
 is relieved by the thought and strong imagination I have 
 that whilest I am busied thus in my pen I am also present in 
 my discourse with your lordship. That night which separated 
 mee from your Excellencie I must confesse I passed with a 
 great deale of melancholy. I was troubled to leave your 
 lordship and bee disjoyned from a patron to whom I was 
 obliged beyond all measures and expression and possibility of 
 recompence, but by that time I had meditated upon the time 
 I wa likely to bee absent from your lordship and recollected the 
 commissions I had received, and finished my prayers and 
 good wishes for your lordship's happinesse and increase of 
 honour, I found it day and myself neere a place called Kupri, 
 about eight houres journy from your lordship's tents, where 
 I reposed under some trees until! the evening ; and then 
 proceeded to Malagra, ten houres journy farther, though through 
 the errour of our guide wee wandered three houres in the 
 night, so that before wee reached that conacke [resting-place] 
 wee had beene 13 houres on horseback. Here wee also 
 tooke our lodging in the shade, under some wallnutt trees, 
 which, though I have heard from your lordship is not very 
 wholsome, yet finding no other considerable trees in that 
 country, judged that shadow more healthful than the open 
 sunne, and so reposed as well as I could untill it was time to 
 depart. That night I tooke a more knowing guide to conduct 
 mee over a mountaine which I was that night to passe, usually 
 frequented with robbers, very steep in many places and 
 rocky, and such narrow and difficult passages that through 
 the advantage of the way two men had beene sufficient to 
 have encountered a farre greater number then ourselves. 
 Neere the top the mountaine beganne to bee exceedingly 
 pleasant, the highest part being a greene plaine with trees 
 even and equally planted ; the prospect of the country on the 
 one side and of the sea on the other, the prodigious precipices 
 and the delightful confusion of the rockes appearing with the 
 dim light of the moone and the silence of the night, rendered 
 everything there a most pleasing object of the eye " ; but 
 I remained not long, Supposing it not safe from the robbers. 
 At ten next morning I reached Debolhayr [Bulair], two hours 
 from Gallipolly, meaning to pass over in the night, but a storm 
 prevented me until the morning after, when we took boats, 
 and at eleven o'clock I was upon Asia shore. Having lost so 
 much time, I travelled through the heat of the day (which
 
 270 
 
 scorched all the skin off from my face), and in the evening, 
 very weary, reached the Castles [of the Dardenelles]. The 
 Caddee with much civility provided me with provisions and 
 attendants, and the governor sent me six lusty musketeers 
 to convoy me. This night's journey was the most pleasant 
 of any, but "the melancholy of the groves and quietnesse 
 of the night beganne againe to renew the sadnesse with which 
 I parted from your lordship." Next day I arrived at Ayenee, 
 where the Caddee provided me lodging, provisions, and 
 a guard to the next, " who lived upon the entrance of the 
 mountaines of Causdog ; a wild place, and as wild a Caddee, 
 for being arrived at breake of day at his pityfull cottage, wee 
 found him with a drooping, sad spirit, scarce able to speake 
 a word, and on a suddaine hee was againe so cheerefull and 
 lively, like a man half drunke, for his dose of opium beganne 
 to worke (hee told us hee tooke it three times a day). He 
 was over kind, called in for all his people, encharged eight 
 or ten to conduct me through the mountaines and ordered 
 two mules to carry the baggage," that my sisenals [sic\ might 
 have a rest. And thus departing about six in the morning, 
 " the men who went with mee, like right true borne sonnes of 
 that country, finding their opportunity amongst the woods 
 and mountaines, escaped and left mee; only the muleteer 
 was bound to follow his mules, and hee served to guide mee 
 to a pittyfull village in the mountaines, where the barbarous 
 people seeing us afarre off, fled as fast as they could into the 
 woods." I rode after them and caught three, making them 
 swear to serve us till we freed them, which they did and kept 
 their oath. The night following, we travelled fair and softly 
 through the remainder of the mountains and next morning 
 arrived at Chemar, near Edremita [Edremidj. From this 
 place I travelled day and night, and entered (I thank God) 
 well and in health this day into this city. 
 
 17th. To-morrow morning (God willing) I go aboard. I 
 cannot get dry bills for the 2.000 dollars your lordship wishes 
 to remit for England, but Mr. White has some silk on this 
 ship, "on which hee would have mee take hypothecation." I 
 am seriously considering this with the merchants, as the value 
 to you might be considerable, and shall adventure to do 
 what is most for your advantage. 
 
 The business of the potashes remains in suspense, though 
 honest men have sworn they saw the money paid. The 
 merchants have learnt that we are to touch at Tunis, Tripoli 
 and Algier, " but yet know not well what to make of it. They 
 conceive there are many things in the darke which they cannot 
 penetrate, and they and the Dutch are greatly possessed that 
 it is all about a Portugall Embassadour." 6| pp. 
 
 MUN BROWNE, Treasurer, to THE EARL OF WINCHTLSEA. 
 1663, [Aug.] 15. Aleppo. " . . . Your lordship's applause 
 for my past carriage ... in the Company's affaires doth
 
 271 
 
 more invite mee then their sudden stricktness to our factory, 
 and cutting shorter some salleries which are altogeather 
 nesessary, which sudden nearness of theirs may make my 
 office as ill-beloved and troublesome as it hath bin the contrary. 
 ..." Our consull and most parte of our factory are gone out 
 of towne, some dyinge of the plauge in this cytie, so make 
 bould to informe your lordship that there can be noe period 
 put to Consull Fowke his difference with the Frentch, except 
 your lordship looke upon him with your eye of justice ; for 
 though the Frentch consull here saith he would be glad your 
 Excellencie might be judge thereof, I know he meanes 
 differently," and dreads an impartial examination. Consul 
 Fowke having been turned out from the Dutch consul's, 
 intends suddenly for the Porte, where I hope your Excellency 
 will endeavour to right him if he is abused. As nothing can 
 be done without money, he shall have some credit from me, 
 " being my quondam master, and a worthy, though unfortunate 
 man." 
 
 Postscript. Our consul is now come to town, and I am 
 going to the mountains, the plague rather increasing than 
 decreasing. 1| pp. (Dated " July 15," but endorsed as above, 
 which Lannoy's letter of Aug. 22 shows to be correct.} 
 
 PAUL RICATTT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Aug. 17. Smyrna. The horse sent for his Majesty 
 is ill, and must be blooded before he goes aboard. White 
 has disposed of his silk and now offers a dry bill, but only 
 at 4s. lid. to the dollar, so that Ricaut knows not what to do. 
 H PP- 
 
 MARTINE DE MEYER to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, Aug. 18-28. Tripoli di Syria. Being vice-consul at 
 Tripoli for the English as well as for his own nation, he prays 
 his Excellency to assist him against an unjust claim made by 
 the Dutch Resident there. He has refuted it for the present, 
 but fearing further demands, desires an order from the Porte 
 " that we may not be molested for the debts of the Flemish 
 nation." Italian. 1 p. 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, Aug. 18. Smyrna. Concerning money matters and 
 the sale of potashes. Can find no Persian lambskins for 
 Judge Twisden, as they are only to be bought at the arrival 
 of the Persian caravans, but has given a commission for one 
 to be bought and sent. 3 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, Aug. 19. Aboard the Bonadventure, under sail in 
 Smyrna Bay. Is now aboard, and the horse also, who is 
 better. Cannot express with what cheerfulness he goes about
 
 272 
 
 his lordship's affairs, which, if God gives him life and health, 
 he shall perform with an integrity as sincere as becomes one of 
 the faithfullest of his lordship's servants. 
 
 Postscript. There are twelve or fourteen men aboard sick 
 of fevers. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF NORTHUMBERLAND to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Aug. 20.' Petworth. Thanking him for the 
 expressions of kindness on the occasion of his son's marriage,* 
 which he believes will prove as great a comfort and satisfaction 
 to all the family as his lordship is good enough to wish. 
 Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, Aug. 22. Aleppo. I should earlier have answered 
 yours of June 6, if I had not been absent. The plague being 
 very rife here occasioned' me to take a journey into Meso- 
 potamia, where I continued some days at the river Euphrates. 
 At my return, thank God, the contagion was wholly ceased. 
 I have received the Company's new orders, have acquainted 
 the factory with them, and shall take care that they be duly 
 observed. Every member of the factory has now taken the 
 Company's oath. 
 
 At present we are in a very good condition with the ministers 
 of state and have no very great need of the renewing of 
 the hattasheriffe, therefore if this be not a convenient time, 
 it may rest till a more favourable opportunity. Your 
 Excellency's letter to Consul Baron was delivered him, " with 
 whom I continue a fair and respectfull correspondency." 
 The affair of Mr. Fowke, will, I conceive, be best settled there, 
 not here. 
 
 " The accident befallen the Dutch nation will fall very 
 heavy," and the proportion required from hence will not easily 
 be raised, their number being few and their trade not con- 
 siderable ; yet they have been forced to engage for it before the 
 Caddee, or he would have imprisoned them, and sealed up 
 their warehouses. 
 
 The new Dutch consul has arrived at Tripoli in Syria (Soria), 
 but hearing of this accident he remains there, pleading 
 indisposition. 
 
 A few days since I received an express from Persia and 
 India. The taking of Coucheene by the Dutch is confirmed, 
 the particulars whereof I send enclosed. This loss is very 
 great to the Portugals and likewise to the English, " prevent- 
 ing the East India Company of severall commodities by 
 which they formerly made great advantage, being now wholly 
 in the Dutches possession." The late calamities have brought 
 so much distraction upon the Portugals that their chief people 
 
 * Joscelyne, Lord Percy, married in 1663, Elizabeth, daughter of Lord 
 Treasurer Southampton,
 
 273 
 
 have pressed upon the Vice-roy to deliver Bombay to Sir 
 Abraham Shipman, but he is still obstinate. If he remains so, 
 the Portugal Council mean to send a remonstrance against him 
 to Europe. The Hollanders have blocked up the port of 
 Goa with seven ships. Our soldiers at Angidiva are in good 
 health, and the fortifications go forward. 
 
 " From Surat the President advises me by his letter of 
 the 6th April, that the Dutch have added Cannanore to their 
 victory. It was resigned by threats, and not a gun shott 
 nor sword drawne in the enterprize. So great a dread of 
 the Hollanders hath seized the Portugalls that it is credibly 
 beleived there is no place will stand out that they shall come 
 before ; so that if there be not a speedy course taken, there 
 will be nothing left for our soveraigne Lord the King. The 
 whole pepper countries the Dutch lay claime to as belonging 
 to their conquest, and doe allready forbid all English to trade 
 in any of those parts." 
 
 The Earl of Marlborough sailed from Surat on Jan. 5, 
 in the Dunkirk, she being fully laden for England. " The 
 21st, after a tedious voyage, arrived his Majesties Convertine, 
 with losse but of twenty men, soldiers and mariners. The 
 3rd February she sett saile to resigne the souldiers on board 
 to their governour, Sir Abraham Shipman." 
 
 The Leopard being sent for Porcat to load with East India 
 Company goods, the Hollanders would not permit her to go 
 unless the commander would engage to dissolve the Company's 
 factory and never to trade there again ; which he refusing, 
 set sail with an empty ship, very much to his Majesty's 
 dishonour and the Company's prejudice. I send enclosed 
 a copy of his protest and the Hollanders' answer to it. 
 4 pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WLNCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Aug. 28. Aleppo. The Dutch Resident at Stamboul 
 has apportioned 3,500 dollars to be paid by their "scale" at 
 Tripoli, but there is but one Dutch house there, that of Signer 
 Martino de Meyer, a person of great worth, and always a 
 friend to our nation. He entreats your Excellency to speak 
 with the Dutch Resident, for the 20,000 dollars imposed on 
 Tripoli and Aleppo will ruin their trade, and his own share 
 will be three quarters of the sum. He is my vice-consul 
 at Tripoli, and I should be glad to do him kind offices. The 
 Dutch merchants here refusing to comply with the Caddce's 
 demands, he has imprisoned four of the principal of them. 
 H PP- 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, Sept. 1. Aleppo. The Dutch merchants have been 
 forced, before they could free their persons out of prison, to 
 give bills for 8,000 dollars : their persons and goods are to 
 remain unmolested until they receive further orders from 
 
 Wt. 29495. fi 18
 
 274 
 
 their Resident. They intreat you to advise him in their 
 favour. | p. [On the same sheet as the preceding.] 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MORICE to THE EARL OF WESTCHILSEA. 
 1663, Sept. 3. London. " . . . The Kinge and the 
 parliament parted with a good understandinge mutually 
 though ther had beene som asperity and uneasines betweene 
 them, it beinge incident to longe sittinge to hatch faction. 
 They gave him four subsidyes, but the research into the 
 necessityes of the Kinge which indicated them and the grounds 
 and reasons of that necessity was not well resented, as beinge 
 managed with som sharpnes and petulancy and liberius quam 
 ut imperantium meminissent. The Kinge, therfore, to prevent 
 such effortes is advisinge to retrench his expences, that his 
 neede of their aydes may not animate such liberty, and the 
 first step to that thriftines is the suspendinge all the dyets 
 at courte, which is like to undoe many persons and unloose 
 many tongues, and wherwith few are satisfied that he will 
 gaine so much mony as he will loose honor. Before the 
 recesse of the houses, my lord of Bristol had beene trinketinge 
 between them and the Kinge, whereby som umbrage beinge 
 given the house of Commons the Earle desired to cleare 
 himselfe immediately to the house, where he was admitted 
 to apologize in a longe and eloquent oration which tooke 
 well with many of warmer temper but was disgusted by many 
 sober men that loved the Kinge, whose honor was grated on 
 by it ; and the Earle, to vindicate himselfe to his Majesty, 
 who had sentiment thereof, aggravated that offence which 
 he labored [to] excuse and menaced the Kinge, who theruppon 
 proscribes him the courte, which so exasperated him that he 
 avowed he would accuse the chancellor of high treason if he 
 were not forthwith restored to the Kinges presence, wher 
 when he could not be brought by threats, he exhibited a charge 
 of treason against the chancellor, in the Lords house, which 
 the judges (consulted with) declared to be no treason if the 
 matters charged could be proved, nor could they commence 
 higher then misdemeanors. To produce his proof of these he 
 had time (more by the magnanimity of the chancellor and 
 an excessive confidence then by intention of the house) until 
 the first weeke of the next session of parliament ; after the 
 recesse the Kinge first issued a warrant to arrest and convey 
 the Earle to the Tower, which he evadinge by hidinge him- 
 selfe, a proclamation issued commandinge him to deliver 
 himselfe, prohibitinge any to conceale or harbor him, as letters 
 also to the portes, requiringe he were not suffred to transport 
 himselfe, but if he came to imbarque to seise and secure him, not- 
 withstandinge all which he hath escaped us and som intelligence 
 purports that he is gotte to Brussels. The Queene, that hath 
 beene at Tunbridge and had som aversnes to those waters, 
 is now at Bath, where the Kinge conducted her without any 
 equipage of his owne, or traine of attendants besides hers ;
 
 275 
 
 he intends to leave her there while he sees Portsmouth and 
 huntes also in the New forrest, from whence he will reverte to 
 Bath and bringe the Queene to London a few dayes before 
 Michaelmas." 1| pp. 
 
 ARNOLD WHITE and ARTHUR BARNARDISTON to THE EARL 
 
 OF WlNCHTLSEA. 
 
 1663, Sept. 5. Smyrna. On business matters. From 
 Livorno news comes that "The Earl of Bristoll his charge 
 against the Lord Chancellor is much upon the people's tongues, 
 but wee hope will bee prudently taken up, it being observed 
 ominous for England when such tall elmes clash one against 
 another." 1J pp. 
 
 SIR HENRY BENNET to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, Sept. 7. Bathe. I am very glad to find you do 
 not despair of getting the ratification of the articles formerly 
 sent you. For the omission of the letter to the Grand Vizier and 
 the error in the superscription to the Grand Seigneur [see p. 261], 
 " you must blame a new secretary for it, who directed himself e 
 as hee thought by those presidents that were left him, and 
 promiseth to be more circumspect for the future." 
 
 " In your letter there is mention of a terrible storme like 
 to fall on the Dutch for the losse of a ship belonging to them, 
 wherein were goods of so considerable a value belonging to 
 the Grand Seigneur ; it is a hard matter to get us to lament 
 any losse befalling them, especially in matter of trade, wherein 
 wee take them to bee our troublesome ri vails. This is written 
 to your Excellencie from Bathe, wher their Majesties with the 
 Duke and Dutchesse have been these ten dayes in good health 
 (God be thanked) ; to-morrow the Queen begins to use the 
 Bath, from whence wee hope for good effects ; God grant 
 them. . . . 
 
 " Considering the cost hee must have been at, wee doe 
 not find the Grand Seigneur hath made such a progresse 
 this campagne as was expected ; however, the last newes 
 tells us some of his forces had passed the Danube, and that 
 it is certain the fright of them in the house of Austria mends 
 the King of France's game throughout Christendome. . . ." 
 Holograph. 4 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Sept. 1 1 . Galata. Paper endorsed by Lord Winchilsea 
 " The account of my expenses for my voyage to and my 
 return from Adrianople, beginning the 23rd of June and 
 ending the 10th of August, with all other expenses for the 
 hattisheriffes." Total 11,135 dollars. 3 pp. 
 
 Also, A separate account of that part of the total containing 
 the expenses before his Excellency's departure, endorsed 
 " Mr. Hedge's account." 1 pp.
 
 276 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Sept. 10-13. Algier. At Tripoli we stepped on shore, 
 delivered our writings and message (which were as gratefully 
 received as I could expect) and " immediately departed to 
 follow the fortune of our faire wind." We reached Tunis on 
 Sept. 2, in the evening. Next morning I met our consul, 
 Mr. Erlisman, and we went direct to the Dey's court and 
 with due ceremony presented our confirmations. We visited 
 all the great men of that city, who promised to maintain the 
 peace, and so taking a small repast with the consul, we the 
 same evening returned aboard and set sail. I wrote this from 
 Tunis but for more security repeat the substance now. The 
 mortality I then advised you of as so fatal to our ship " ended 
 not there, for several! finished their dayes in their passage to 
 this place." We have buried nine, some are still desperately 
 sick, but about forty more are in a hopeful way of recovery. 
 For ten days none have fallen sick, and the full of the moon 
 being passed, we hope the infection is ceased. 
 
 This day (I praise God) we arrived at this den of pirates. 
 Upon our arrival a divan was called, and the Grand Signer's 
 hattesheriffe read publicly, and kissed with much ceremony 
 and reverence. We had many salams bestowed upon us, and 
 assurances that they were resolved to maintain the peace. 
 They desire us to remain until Saturday, which is their great 
 divan, when great and small meet, the confirmations will be 
 publicly divulged, letters written to his Majesty and the Grand 
 Signer and we shall receive the full accomplishment of our 
 business. This we do the more willingly as our chief business 
 is here, and the other parts of Barbary follow the example of 
 this place. "It seemes that since the peace with Algier it 
 hath beene agreed that all English ships shall carry passeports 
 from the Lord High Admirall, and the Algerians having of 
 late met with severall of our ships at sea without passeports, 
 sent them into this place," but through the diligence of the 
 consul most of them have been cleared. There were, however, 
 three here in great danger of being confiscated, when our 
 opportune arrival put a stop to the rash intention of these 
 villains. 
 
 " By an English ship ten dayes from Tangier, wee have 
 intelligence of the brave exploits my Lord Teviot hath per- 
 formed against the Moores. Hee hath now finished his redouts 
 and made them very strong, hath had severall skirmishes 
 with the Moores, and by help of sparrs or iron bills cast in 
 the ground gave their horse a signal! overthrow ; and at an 
 other time undermined the earth a great distance round 
 and blew up many hundreds in the aire. These policies so 
 amazed the enemie that they have made peace with my 
 lord, and the country is now open and Tangier aboundant 
 and plentyfull of all provisions, and people and trade encreases 
 there every day. My Lord Teviot is, after his good successe, 
 returned into England to give his Majestie an account of
 
 277 
 
 that place, and to bring more people with him for forwarding 
 the mould, which they say, for want of men, proceeds but 
 slowly. . . . 
 
 " By a master of a ship lately come from London, it is 
 reported that my Lord of Bristol hath openly in the House 
 of Peers empeached the Lord Chancellour in presence of 
 the Duke of Yorke of high treason, and layed fourteen articles 
 to his charge, amongst which are the sale of Dunkirke and 
 marrying his daughter to the bloud royall." 
 
 Sept. 12. We have been at the Great divan, where we 
 delivered the confirmations of the treaties, which they 
 have laid up amongst their records, "but this wild heady 
 people would force from mee the hattesheriffe, pretending 
 that that was directed unto them." We went to the principal 
 governor here but cannot regain it, it also being, laid up 
 amongst their records, from whence no writing can be 
 fetched. 
 
 Sept. 13. We have been kept waiting for the letters to 
 the King, " and now the peace which wee looked upon but 
 yesterday to bee so stable and firme is this morning shaken to 
 the very foundations, for upon the entring into the divan of 
 some few captaines of ships, of which old Winter was the 
 chiefe, after a long dispute with them of two houres, they 
 concluded that the three small vessells now in port taken 
 without passeports should be freed, but for the future they 
 would detaine all English ships that they met without passe- 
 ports, of which I understand there is a great number in the 
 Straights, and in them make prize of what goods are found 
 belonging unto strangers and detaine the ships untill they 
 understand from the King whether hee approves of the peace 
 in this manner ; and if the King will not accept a peace on 
 these termes, they are willing to have a warre. For my part, 
 I have hi these three dayes I have beene here seene so 
 much of these people that I am of opinion it is impossible 
 to maintaine a peace with them ; for they are so unconstant 
 to themselves, that that which they themselves believe to 
 bee peace todaye is in a few houres broaken and forgot." I 
 am just now going aboard. Pray advise all whom it may 
 concern of this my letter, that they may procure passports. 
 7 pp. 
 
 JOSEPH WILLIAMSON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 1663, Sept. 16. Whitehall." ... We expect dayly your 
 secretary here, and the issue of the negotiation our Cort putt 
 into your hand, which is of great importance, wee hope, to tl\e 
 confirmeing our peace with that people. The Dutch are 
 equipping out a fleet under Vice-Admiral Cortenaer, with 
 designe to have satisfaction for the injuryes they suffer in the 
 Mediterranean ; and on it send a consul with what money 
 they can gather from contributions for the redemption of 
 their slaves at Argiers, etc."
 
 278 
 
 The enclosed [probably the "Gazette"] will give you an 
 indifferent good account of several considerable accidents 
 of state which have happened here since my last. 1| pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Sept. 19. Aleppo. Complaining that the new Emeen 
 already begins to practise against the factory, and promising 
 to keep a vigilant eye upon the merchants, that they may 
 give no occasion of offence. The new Dutch consul has 
 arrived, but it is believed that if the Dutch have to pay the 
 avania [contribution] demanded, their trade will be ruined, 
 and he will return to Christendom. 1 p. 
 On the same sheet : 
 
 Copy of letter of Sept. 11, concerning four Englishmen 
 who went with the Duke of Marlborough. but were 
 taken by the Arabs, and have been aided by the fathers 
 at Basora and Bagdad. Has repaid the fathers him- 
 self, but cannot support so great a charge. 1 p. 
 [Calendared in S.P. Dom. under date.} 
 
 FRA ISIDORO D'OGIONNO, President of the Holy Land, 
 
 to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, [Sept. 23-]Oct. 3. Jerusalem. Announcing that he 
 has been appointed to take charge of the government of the 
 Holy Land upon the death of the Guardian, and praying for his 
 Excellency's favour and protection. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, Sept. 30. Aleppo. This is sent by the Dutch 
 resident's brother, Signer Frederick Warner, the late Dutch 
 consul here, who is now returning to Constantinople, the new 
 one having taken the office upon him. Letters from 
 Marseilles mention a charge of high treason " carryed into the 
 house of peares by the Lord George Digby [i.e. Bristol] against 
 my Lord Chancelour Hyde," of which his Excellency doubtless 
 has fresher information than they have, f p. 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, Oct. 3. From aboard the Bonadventure, Cadiz Road, 
 under sail. After sealing my letter from Algier, the enclosed 
 from the Divan came to my hands, by which you will see that 
 it is impossible to maintain a peace with that people without 
 the constant appearance of a squadron of ships on their coast. 
 
 After our departure from Algier, before day on Sept. 14 
 (where I was in danger of being drowned coming from the 
 shore), we put into the road of Alicant, only to advise the 
 merchants and English ships (of which there were at least 
 forty small vessels) of the resolution of those at Algier, and 
 found not two of them to have the Duke of York's pass. We 
 arrived at Mala.ga on Sept. 21, where we found eighty sail of
 
 279 
 
 English vessels, the best not above seventy tons, " which is a 
 great wrong to the trade of England . . . and affords occasion 
 to the pyrates of Barbary to seeke a breach, when they see 
 that English prizes may be so easily purchased." On the 26th 
 we arrived at Tangier and found Sir John Lawson riding in 
 the road, with the Resolution, Phoenix. Antelope and Coventry. 
 I immediately went aboard him and delivered your letter. 
 He asked many questions concerning your Excellency's health 
 and success and my lady's satisfaction in that country, 
 "whose vertues are as much talked of at Tangier as in 
 Turky. 
 
 "It that day happened that Sir John Lawson made an 
 entertainment for the governor of the towne and severall 
 other gentlemen and officers; it was my good fortune to 
 come in before dinner, and so I tooke share of the good cheere 
 amongst the rest." There I found one Mr. Hugh Cholmely, 
 a kinsman of your lordship, with whom I had much discourse 
 of you and your family. I also saw Mr. H. Seymour, lieutenant of 
 the Antelope, an ingenious young gentleman, whom I assured 
 of my readiness to serve him, " as one who is a devoted servant 
 to that most noble family." I had several private discourses 
 with Sir John, who applauds the good service your lordship 
 has done, and says you shall not want signal thanks for it 
 from his Majesty. 
 
 " The next day, being the 27th, I went ashoare and found 
 the towne in a good and plentyfull condition. In the time 
 of my Lord Peterborough (whose reputation in this garrison 
 is as much diminished as my Lord Teviot's is extolled and 
 adored) none durst so much as open the gates or looke over 
 the walls. But as soone as my Lord Teviot arrived, at the 
 same instant before hee entered into any house hee opened 
 the gates and in person went about half a mile from the walls, 
 where he designed his line and five redoubts which hee with an 
 extraordinary diligence and admirable resolution applyed 
 himself to, that in three or four dayes time working day and 
 night hee had raised them so high as they became very 
 defensible, all which time my Lord entered not so much as 
 into a house nor reposed in any other place then at the outmost 
 guard of the gate with his cloake about him and an ammunition 
 pillow under his head. The Moores espying unawares strange 
 kind of buildings to appeare, and fearing that it might bee 
 something very prejuditiall, speedily attacked the forts with 
 about 12,000 or 14,000 men led on by Guiland, but received 
 a very great repulse with a signall slaughter of them and their 
 horse by the crowes' feet which my Lord Teviot had caused to 
 bee scattered in the grasse ; which they being then un- 
 acquainted with and finding them in their feet and sitting 
 downe to pull them out felt a worse wound behind. And 
 yet these Moores were so couragious that they ventured to the 
 very walls of the redoubts and there one upon the other's back 
 shot in at the loopholes ; but the service was too hot for them,
 
 280 
 
 *that ' with a very great losse they were forced to retire. Some 
 dayes after with a fresh courage and more bold resolution they 
 designed to make a second assault, but then the English 
 souldiery beeing well in heart with the former successe met 
 them in their outward trenches with all the force of the towne, 
 leaving the walls to bee defended by the seamen of the fleet, 
 who with the great gunnes made severall admirable shot to 
 the great discouragement of the enemie, who that day could 
 never passe the line, but in the evening were forced to retreat 
 with the losse of 300 or 400 men. At the later end of the 
 day and of the fight, Guiland sent a white flag to desire a 
 treatie, which my lord granted and appointed for the next 
 day. The place agreed on was my lord's tent, which hee 
 had pitched a little without his workes. There hee met 
 Guiland in person and agreed upon a truce for six months. 
 A coppy of the articles I would have procured for your lordship, 
 but could not obtaine them from the deputie governour. My 
 Lord Teviot, having thus built severall forts, opened the gates, 
 foyled the Moores in two fights and made a peace with them, 
 and all in the space of two months, is returned into England 
 to give his Majestie an account of all that hath passed, to 
 receive new orders as to the establishment of the garrison, the 
 building the mould and the acertaining the right and pro- 
 prietie of the houses of the towne. The mould proceeds 
 forward very vigorously, 300 men being employed in it every 
 day, and have brought it a good way out into the sea. The 
 breadth of it is thirty yards. The draught of it Sir John 
 Lawson hath showed mee ; when finished will bee the best 
 mould and rarest fabrick of the world. The worke is under- 
 taken by the Duke of Yorke, the Duke of Albermarle, 
 Sir John Lawson and Mr. Chomly. The towne is now plenty full 
 of all provisions, and is the drunkenest place that ever I came 
 into in my life. It hath a great trade with Tituan, especially 
 in hides, and great caravans come in thither every day. The 
 garrison consists of about 1,500 souldiers ; the other inhabitants 
 may be 1,000 more of Portugalls, Jewes and merchants. I 
 have seriously viewed the redoubts, one of which is a large 
 fort very strong ; the others are three square and are situated 
 to that advantage that the Moores cannot lurke now in ambush 
 to kill our men from the walls as formerly they have done. 
 I have also roade about the bounds allotted us by the capitula- 
 tions, out of which if a man bee taken he is lawfull prize, 
 unlesse he carry the passe of the governour, and then hee may 
 travaile all over the country. The English butchers goe 
 every day allmost to the market at Arzeile. The bounds 
 assigned the English are about ten miles in compasse, in 
 which our officers goe often to hunt the wild hog, and when 
 they exceed their bounds with the company of the outguards 
 of the Moores they have libertie to goe where they please. 
 There are not above 50 horse in the towne, amongst which 
 there are not above 20 serviceable. My Lord Teviot hath
 
 281 
 
 gained so much reputation here that after the peace was made 
 the chiefe men of the Moores came from all places to kisse his 
 hand, having him in a very great esteeme and admiration. 
 
 " And indeed I conceive much of the happinesse of this towne 
 depends upon my Lord's returne, and the annexion of it to 
 the crowne of England. For most of the garrison here coming 
 from Dunkirke are affraid it should runne the same fortune 
 of that place, which discourages all people from furnishing 
 or repairing their houses, not knowing how long they may 
 enjoy them. And indeed the great men in this fleet cry out 
 how much they feare that Tangier will bee a morsell for the 
 hungry courtiers. But I hope better things, for I cannot 
 imagine the King should so little understand his interest as to 
 release so faire a Jewell from his crowne, which all the neighbour- 
 ing people beginne to feare and is their only discourse. 
 
 " The first of October wee departed hence and the same day at 
 noone arrived at Gales, where Sir John Lawson went to demand 
 satisfaction for the injuries the Biscainers and Don Michael de 
 Oguenda had done the English shipping, and to know if the 
 King of Spaine would owne it. Wee found at our arrivall 
 that the Spanish armada which was fitted out to meet the 
 plate fleet was returned againe into Cadiz without them, and 
 that in a storme six of their great gallions were cast away 
 and between 800 and 1,000 men drowned, the hulls of which 
 great ships I am now in sight of on the shoare. Another ship 
 in the night fell foule of the Admirall and carried his foremast 
 by the boarde, sinking herself by his side. I understand that 
 the Duke of Alberquerque, who is x\dmirall of Spaine, hath 
 sent a soft answer to Sir John, but as yet I know not the 
 particulars." 
 
 We are now under sail for England, and shall touch at 
 Lisbon for twenty-four hours, where I shall visit Consul Maynard 
 and thank him for his past civilities. 
 
 Postscript. From England it is said that Lord Bristol is 
 retired and obscures himself until! the next sessions of 
 Parliament. 8 pp. 
 
 Enclosing, 
 
 1. Letter from the government of Algier to Charles II., 
 announcing their intention in future to take and detain 
 all ships without passports [as stated in Ricaut's letter 
 of Sept. 13, above]. Delivered on Sept. 13 (" end of 
 the month Saphir 1074 "). Copy. 1 p. 
 
 2. Reasons why it is difficult or impossible to make Algier 
 maintain peace, viz. 1, because the people are the 
 dregs of the Turks, pirates and renegadoes, without 
 religion, faith or honour ; 2, that the government is in 
 the hands of the scum of the people, ignorant and 
 inconstant ; 3, that they are overawed by the soldiers, 
 hi whom " the itch of robbery prevails," and who 
 cannot bear to see rich ships pass free out of their 
 hands. 1 pp.
 
 282 
 
 CONSUL ROBERT BROWNE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Oct. 4. Argier. On Mr. Ricaut's arrival, I delivered 
 the ratifications to the Divan, the event whereof did not answer 
 our expectations, for " these rebellious people, whoe takes noe 
 notice of any power, and obeyes noe command but that of 
 theire owne wills," made little or no account of their sovereign's 
 command, as Mr. Ricaut's letter will tell you. The Divan and 
 soberer sort of people are desirous to keep the peace, but the 
 soldiers, whose chiefest dependence is on what they get at sea, 
 oppose it, " and soe longe as those which should command . . . 
 suffer themselves to be swayed by the commonalty, there's 
 noe thought of keepinge of articles, and to noe purpose to 
 have peace with them whoe will not be kept to anythinge 
 longer then the rod is over theire heads ; and if his Majesty 
 must be forced to keepe a fleete to maintaine the peace, 'tis 
 the same expence to keepe it to reuine them." They talk 
 of sending presents to the Grand Signor. If they do, your 
 lordship will be able to tell him what obedient subjects 
 he has, and what account they make of his commands. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENRY BENNET. 
 
 1663, Oct. 11. Pera. The surrender of a town in Hungary* 
 has caused more joy than the taking of Babylon, and has 
 so puffed up the Turks that they are as high as lately they 
 were debased. 
 
 Some months ago the Grand Chancellor wrote to the 
 chief of the Eunuchs that if the Grand Signor would have that 
 town taken, he should put out the Grand Vizier and make his 
 <3on-in-law Vizier. The Grand Signor sent the letter to the 
 Vizier, who immediately " cut off both their heads," and the 
 Grand Signor has seized the Chancellor's vast wealth. He had 
 1,600 camels, 400 mules, 600 horses of the best, besides in- 
 numerable ordinary ones, 4,000 girdles or shasshes of the 
 best silk " never worn," 27 pounds weight of pearls, besides 
 one chain of them worth 12,000/. sterling, 300 daggers set with 
 diamonds and rubies ; 90 sable vests worth at least 90.000 
 dollars, besides swords and other rich furniture of inestimable 
 value and a cartload of the best china. 
 
 It is believed those of Hungary will betray what they can 
 to the Turks, " because the Emperor will not allow them their 
 religion, which here the Turks give liberty in to all." Letter 
 Book, ii. p. 75. 4 pp. [Original in 8.P. Turkey.} 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Oct. 16. Aleppo. Has had no further trouble with 
 the Emin, and hopes now to continue a good understanding 
 with him. An express bound for India, concerning the agree- 
 ment between Portugal and Holland, has passed Damascus. 
 
 Ursek Ujvar or Neuhausel, surrendered Sept. 25.
 
 283 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Oct. 24. Lisbon. We arrived here on the 12th 
 inst. in company of Sir John Lawson and his fleet, " which, 
 according to the articles of marriage, were to cruise upon 
 the coast of Portugall for the two first summers after the match, 
 and now, the time being expired, this fleet is returning home." 
 But the Admiral has to take leave of the King, and twelve 
 days have been spent in ceremony, much to my trouble. I 
 cannot with patience think of the length of this voyage, 
 favoured with such blessed winds and yet so protracted by 
 our visits to divers ports ; but seeing I am here I have made 
 the best use of my time that I could to obtain information for 
 your lordship. 
 
 ' The face of the government is much changed since your 
 lordship left this country. The Queene-mother, who hath 
 beene so good a mother to her sonne and to her native country, 
 is not only put wholy from having any part in the rule, but 
 under the guise of a monasticall life is kept in that strict 
 restraint that none can visit her but by permission and license 
 of the Councell of State ; which leave Sir John Lawson obtained 
 when hee sent to obtaine her commands and letters for 
 England. The crime and allegation against her was a designe 
 to set up her younger sonne in the throne, a youth of greater 
 hopes then his brother, did not the loose education and libertie 
 given him debauch him, contrary to the expectation of all his 
 people. In the place of the preceding government is stepped in 
 the Conde de Castelmelior, who is principall and chiefe favourite, 
 and the Marquis de Marialva. These two act wholy according 
 to their will, though the King, like a propertie set up to speake 
 their minds, appeares only more in businesse then when your 
 lordship was here, and is made believe by them that now hee 
 transacts all matters of concernment, which power his mother 
 tooke from him to assume unto herself. Yet for all this 
 had it not pleased God the last summer to have given them a 
 signall and strange victory over the Spaniard (performed 
 allmost solely by the valour of the English, which the PortugalLs 
 and all the world acknowledge) this citty had before this 
 time beene in the power and dominion of the Spaniard. For 
 here are many secret factions amongst them and diverse 
 amongst the grandees, who nourish an affection for Spaine 
 and privately wish well and act for them, some of which have 
 beene executed, others banished, amongst which is the Duke 
 of Calaval [Cadavall]. Others actually fled to Spaine, as 
 the Duke Devera [D'Aveiro], the greatest and most considerable 
 prince of this kingdome and since executed here in effigie. 
 
 " The Bishop also of Lisbon is suspected by many, a great and 
 wise statesman. It was hee who gave advice to the King to 
 stamp all the silver coyne of his country and raise the value 
 25 per cent., with intention as some imagine to spoyle the 
 traffick and move a mutinie amongst the people. But it 
 hath proved quite contrary, for the army hath thereby in
 
 284 
 
 a great measure beene supplyed and the most urgent necessities 
 of the Crowne provided . The souldiers also before this victory 
 for want of pay and the common people for want of correction 
 were come to that height of insolence that at noone day with 
 an outcry of mora el mal governo, with clubbs and swords 
 broake into the houses of the Conde de Castelmelior, the 
 Marquis de Marialva and the Bishop, and there robbed and 
 spoyled according to their pleasure without opposition or 
 other controulment, and the very streets of the citty became 
 insecure for any who was thought to carry two crownes about 
 him. But now this victory hath quieted the minds of all 
 people, justice beginnes now to have its course againe and the 
 common sort are againe perswaded they shall live under the 
 government of their owne King. This victory hath beene 
 seconded by the good successe of the taking Ebora, performed 
 againe by the English, during which siege the Portugalls, 
 mindf ull of the great service lately done by them and conscious 
 that the ill-usage and bad entertainment past might discourage 
 them contrary to what their valour engaged them to, sent 
 downe the English consul Mr. Maynard with faire words and 
 two months' pay to the souldiery then in the leager, and with 
 promises of the whole payment of their arreares after taking 
 of the towne ; with which the souldiers were so much animated 
 that they intently fell to their worke and in two dayes tooke 
 the towne whilest the Portugalls were little other than 
 spectators of these actions. 
 
 " The English army at present on the frontiers in their last 
 muster consisted of about 1,500 men, the most of them of 
 Cromwell's veterane successfull souldiers. They are commanded 
 by Count Schomberg, a Frenchman, but speakes good English. 
 The Portugalls have of late showed more kindnesse to our men 
 then formerly, their quarters are good, and but five months 
 behind in arreares. It is said there are treaties of sending 
 more men for this place, but it is conceived our King will 
 have better securitie for their due payment. Don Juan is 
 returned to Badajos with an army of 22,000 men ; the Portugal! 
 army is little lesse then that number. 
 
 " Wee have here no newes from England, only I have 
 endeavoured to discover how our King resents that Bamboin 
 was not delivered, and I understand that Sir Richard Fanshaw, 
 who was embassador here, hath demanded satisfaction* for 
 the ineffectual! voyage of the fleet to the East Indies, and is 
 returned home with what proposalls the Portugalls make for 
 satisfying our King in that point ; and that my Lord of 
 Malborough is a second time setting forth for the Indies. I 
 have here visited my lord embassador's secretary, and hee 
 tells mee that Sir Richard Fanshaw is designed embassadour 
 for the Court of Spaine, where hee expects to be called, and 
 that Portugall having more need of England then England 
 
 * See correspondence of Fanshaw and Castelmelhor. Report on Mr. 
 Heathcote ' MSS., p. Ill et seq.
 
 285 
 
 of Portugal! may better maintaine an embassadour at London 
 then our King at Lisbon. 
 
 I have dined several times at Mr. Maynard's, who tells 
 me how often he has written to your lordship and you to 
 him, but, I perceive, takes it a little unkindly that he hath 
 received no acknowledgments from you in return of his great 
 entertainment. I have assured him that you will not be 
 wanting, on your return home, to recompense the many 
 kindnesses you received from him. I have also visited the 
 English nunnery on your and my lady's behalf, where they 
 so particularly asked after all who were with you that I 
 wondered at their memory and observation. We are now 
 at length going from this place. " I hope a speedy passage 
 will make amends for all, and my diligence in your lordship's 
 affaires in England will make good the losse of my time here." 
 6 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENRY BENNET. 
 1663, Oct. 26. Pera. Having received no satisfaction 
 concerning the injury done to Mr. Sympson by the Dutch at 
 Smyrna, he has protested to the Dutch Resident here, and 
 ordered the English consul there to write to his honour. 
 Letter Book, ii, 79. | p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Oct. 27. Aleppo. Our general ship, the Eagle, has 
 arrived at Scanderoon, being one of the richest ships ever come 
 to these parts. She brings about 1,100 bales of cloth, 200 
 barrels of tin and other goods. 
 
 To prevent the extravagant price given for " gaules " 
 I last January made an agreement with the French nation, 
 "that too many buyers might not appeare together and bid 
 one upon another," but now one of our factory refuses to 
 observe it, though the whole nation desire its continuance. 
 I could not prevail with Mr. Sherman in a friendly way and 
 so committed him to custody, but he has now by my order 
 gone to the French consul, acknowledged his error and delivered 
 to them a third of the gaules which he had bought, after which 
 I released him. 
 
 The French nation were so sensible of the justice done them 
 that the next day the consul wrote to thank me, and remitted 
 his third part. His letter and the resolution and warrant 
 are enclosed. 2 pp. 
 
 Enclosing, 
 
 1. Act of Court, dated Jan. 8, 1662[-3], that when the 
 English factors bought gaules they should offer the 
 French a third part, and vice versa. 1 p. 
 
 2. Copy of warrant for the committal of Mr. Bezalus 
 Sherman, dated Oct. 26. 1 p. 
 
 3. Letter of thanks from M. Baron, dated [Oct. 26-] 
 Nov. 5. Italian, \ p.
 
 286 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENRY BENNET. 
 
 1663, Oct. 28. Pera. Has received his Majesty's letter 
 of June 21, touching the pirate in the Red Sea, but dare not 
 deliver it, as there is a great error in it ; the Grand Signor 
 being called Ibrahim instead of Mahomet. If it becomes 
 necessary to deliver it, he must make a copy and state that 
 the original is coming in another ship. Studies day and night 
 how to increase traffic and protect English subjects, but the 
 Grand Signor being at Adrianople and the Vizier in Hungary, 
 it must cause more charge, by reason of journeys taken by 
 his druggermen or even by himself. A Greek priest having 
 undertaken to get the city of Candia delivered up to the Grand 
 Signor has been made Metropolite of Candia and "despatched 
 away with his desires." Two confidants of Balarino declare 
 that Venice designs to let Candia be betrayed to the Turk, 
 and having made peace with the Grand Signor, will demand 
 licence to levy Christian soldiers in his territories, to oppose 
 the French in Italy. Prays that if his Majesty designs to send 
 him further instructions, they may come with all speed. Letter 
 Book, ii. p. 79. 3| pp. 
 
 [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 RANDALL MCDONNELL, MARQUIS OF ANTRIM. 
 
 [1663, October ?] " The answer of Randall, Lord Marquis 
 of Antrim, to the charge exhibited against him by the 
 Adventurers and soldiers." 
 
 Begins, "Having already undergone the trial and examina- 
 tion of this board upon a former charge against him by these 
 petitioners." 3| pp. [See papers relating to his case in 
 Cal. S.P. Ireland for this year.] 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to HIS SON [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1663, Nov. 7. Saturday. " Your good wishes and your 
 prayers for my health, as they become you very well, so I 
 assure you they are very gratefull and acceptable to mee. 
 I am, I thank God, at present in such a state of health that 
 I go abroad and do buisiness . . . [and] am not without 
 hope, by God's blessing, to return ere long to my full 
 strength. Till then 'tis fitt both you and I should have patience 
 and rest satisfyed with the good pleasure of God. . . . ' 
 Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL GILES JONES to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Nov. 8. Venice. Praying him to do all he possibly 
 can to procure the liberation of the illustrious Signor Marc 
 Antonio Delfino, who has been for many years a prisoner in 
 the Towers of Constantinople. His father and brothers 
 have tried every means to free him from his slavery, but in 
 vain. Acmet Aga, " Chiecaia " of the arsenal, a prisoner of 
 the Republic, would be given in exchange for him, and possibly
 
 287 
 
 some other considerable Turks joined with Acmet in the 
 exchange. 
 
 Signed in his own hand, " Your Excellencies most humble 
 and obedient, but almost dying servant, Giles Jones." Italian. 
 2 PP- 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Nov. 16-19. London. By the last post, of the 
 12th inst.* I gave your lordship an account of my arrival 
 in London on the 8th ; of my immediate address to Secretary 
 Sennet and of my introduction to his Majesty. What then 
 passed was of common discourse, but his Majesty was pleased 
 to refer me to a time of more privacy in the future. Since 
 my abode here I have been wholly taken up in delivering your 
 lordship's presents, paying visits, and other compliments, 
 both at court and in the city. I have delivered the present of 
 furs to Sir Heneage Finch, and the musk cod to my Lord 
 Treasurer. " It could not but bee received kindly, though 
 the greatness of such noble persons doth not usually flowe 
 into high expression, and I question not but when I have 
 occasion to make use of his friendship in the businesse of 
 the garter that hee will prove himselfe faithfull and cordiall. 
 The Turkish letter-cases I have also delivered to Sir Henry 
 Bennet, who returnes your lordship many thankes for them, 
 but hath beene so full of businesse in examination of severall 
 trait erous complotters in the north" f that (as he tells me) he 
 has had no leisure to receive me. I attend him every morning 
 and hope this day [Nov. 17] I shall be heard. As to the 
 garter, I have not spoken to Sir Heneage Finch, as he has no 
 time but for his great employments and law affairs ; therefore 
 after much considering it, I thought fit to open myself first to 
 my Lady Duchess of Somerset, who, being greatly affected by 
 my reasons, has promised to go to my Lord Treasurer about 
 it. In the next place, I addressed myself to Sir Edward 
 Nicholas, who is your real and sincere friend. He will urge it 
 to my Lord Treasurer, "and conceives it may not bee very 
 difficult, if there may bee more places void then one, for it is 
 the custome to keep one allwayes vacant." In regard to the 
 estates, as Lord Keeper Bridgeman believes that Mr. Walrond 
 is both able and faithful and ought to be retained; as Sir 
 Heneage is well satisfied with him and the Duchess not against 
 it, Capt. Hulse and I have given order to Mr. Buck worth to 
 pay him the money in his hands. 
 
 Nov. 19. This morning I had long discourse with 
 Mr. Secretary Bennet, and touched on all things necessarj' to 
 your interest. Mr. Secretary expressed much in praise of 
 your lordship and said the King was infinitely satisfied with your 
 negotiations. As the matters I delivered to him were very 
 material, he ordered me to give them as succinctly and pithily 
 
 * This letter is missing. 
 
 t See " Information " dated Nov. 26. Cat. S.P. Dom.
 
 288 
 
 as I could in writing, to be laid before the Council. I hope to 
 recover the expences of the Adrianople journey from the 
 King, and have added something as to settling a resident at 
 Venice, in case that business proceeds. 
 
 As yet I have not been in Kent, but as soon as all these 
 wheels move, I shall wait on my Lord Maidstone and attend 
 to the matters of your estate. Mr. Buckworth thinks the 
 business of the tin not fit for your lordship to meddle in, 
 but if things go better, and he becomes interested in the farm, 
 he offers your lordship to go shares. 
 
 I labour cordially and diligently in your service, and 
 endeavour so to expedite things as to return in the general 
 ships next month, "for I have a longing desire to bee againe 
 with your lordship. ... I make every day severall collections 
 of new matter ... of strange, prodigious things which 
 passe here in the world, . . . which, when I have the 
 happinesse to see your lordship, will prove such stories as 
 will make you for ever love Constantinople the better." 
 
 Postscript. I am not presenting the horse until he recovers 
 from some distemper caused by the sea. 6 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENRY BENNET. 
 
 1663, Nov. 21. Pera. " . . . We are all exceedingly joyed 
 to hear of his Majesty's prosperity, and we do long and pray 
 for those happy effects from the Bath which all good subjects 
 and servants do so passionately desire and wish." 
 
 Most of the Turkish forces are in their winter quarters, and 
 many are returned into Asia. " If the German Emperor 
 make no advantage thereof this winter, nor send his army 
 first in the field next spring, I doubt the Turks will make a 
 greater progress next summer." At Belgrade they daily 
 make provision against the spring, but some report that they 
 hope once more to deceive the Emperor under pretence of 
 treating for peace. Cyprus is in so ill a posture that it might 
 easily be taken by 10,000 men, especially as most part of the 
 Asian forces are in Hungary. The castles are ill-manned, 
 all the rest of the island cannot bring into the field above 
 2,000 spahis, and of janissaries, husbandmen and renegado 
 Greeks at most 5,000 more, ill-armed, and without discipline 
 or courage. The fortifications are decayed, they are negligent 
 in their guards, and ill-provided with arms and ammunition. 
 The island is plentiful and rich but ill-inhabited, yet if 
 conquered by a Christian prince, it would be easy to bring 
 people from the other islands, and so plant that kingdom, which 
 would be a terrible blow to the Turk, and a great increase of 
 dominion to the conqueror. Letter Book, ii, p. 83. 2 pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Nov. 23. Aleppo. My last was of the 14th inst. 
 thanking your Excellency for recommending the business of
 
 289 
 
 India to Sir Henry Bennet, and acquainting you that all 
 the factory save one had taken the oath of allegiance and 
 that to the Company. Since then this person has also taken 
 them, so I have not any in my jurisdiction but are 
 conformable. 
 
 The caravan has come with our cloth, tin, chests of money 
 &c. The Emin put the cloth in the custom house and 
 wished to do the same with the money, but I had it brought 
 to my own house, and told him that if he yielded to bad 
 advice and disturbed our affairs, "the trouble might for the 
 present be ours, but the damage should be certainely his in 
 the end." 
 
 Great quantities of bad money have been of late brought 
 into these parts by the name of new Perus, which I have 
 endeavoured to suppress by forbidding my merchants to 
 receive them. I have also prayed the Musselem and Caddee 
 to take some order against this money, as, if nor prevented, 
 it will ruin the trade. My chief drift in complaining to them 
 was lest they should pretend that our nation had brought 
 that coin into the country ; and I furthermore desired their 
 chief officers to be present at the opening of our chests of 
 money, which was accordingly done, and all found to be 
 "good, weighty, old Seville and Mexico money ... so that 
 God be thanked, we have hitherto passed without the least 
 intrigue." The French have five chests which their consul 
 endeavours may not be viewed, but I understand the ministers 
 are resolved to see it. If any of the new Peru money be found, 
 it will occasion the French nation trouble enough. 
 
 The Levant Company have ordered me to make a seizure 
 for consulage etc. owing to them by Mr. Philip Strode, 
 deceased, upon the estate of Thomas Stanton and Hawly 
 Bishopp, his assigns, but they refuse to pay, saying they 
 have not sufficient of Strode's effects in their hands. I 
 desire your Excellency to send me your warrant, as they 
 have possessed themselves of everything and are certainly 
 liable. 
 
 At the last z inny the Musselem sent to borrow some cloth to 
 adorn the seraglio. It has been customary for the consuls to 
 send cloth and satins to adorn the Caddee's gate, but not the 
 seraglio ; however, finding that the French and Dutch consuls 
 had lent him satins and cloth of gold, I sent him some. But 
 when the zinny was over, and the Caddee with thanks returned 
 what was lent him, the Musselem cut off as much of the French 
 and Dutch satins and cloth of gold as pleased him, before 
 returning the rest. He also said that unless I would promise 
 to send him 40 pikes of red cloth, what I had lent him would 
 be kept. I thought it not convenient to make any such 
 promise, nor to press for restoration of the cloth, as our goods, 
 come by our general ship, were not then in our merchants' 
 possession, but now I shall again demand it, and if refused, 
 shall call him to account. 2 pp. 
 
 Wt. 2949o, 19
 
 290 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Nov. 26. London. I gave Secretary Bennet all 
 particulars as he desired in writing [see next paper], and he 
 now tells me that he has perused it seriously two or three 
 times and read it all to the King, who much applauds your 
 lordship's wise reflections, and has given order for instructions 
 to be framed in accordance therewith, and a new letter written 
 to the Grand Signer. " This weeke I presented his Majestic 
 from your lordship with the ' cemyter ' and horse, and, from 
 myself, with the capitulations dedicated to his Majestic. The 
 King was much pleased with the cemyter, and highly delighted 
 with the horse ; for I tooke such care of him, to get him into a 
 good condition, that hee looked as well in St. James's Parke 
 (where his Majestic came downe to view him) as hee did at 
 Adrianople ; and the horse was commended by all for a curious 
 shaped horse, and thought strange that after so long a voyage 
 hee should retaine his flesh with so much vigour and comeli- 
 nesse. The horse is ordered to bee sent to Newmarket, for 
 the King hath a great opinion that hee is very fleet. Nico is 
 ordered a very good reward." 
 
 Yesterday I was before the Court of Assistants, and 
 endeavoured to satisfy them as to the Greyhound. 
 Having given them the grounds on which your lordship 
 went, I think they believe you could not, in law or prudence, 
 do otherwise, and I have intimated so much to Sir Heneage 
 Finch, who now confesses that you have reason. I have been 
 very tender how I have interrupted him during the term, and 
 so have had to act many things on my own judgment ; but 
 the end of the term in two or three days will (as he promised 
 me last night) give me further opportunity of discourse with 
 him. I insisted to the Company on your right to make dis- 
 bursements in their service, and on the power of your warrants 
 to save the treasurer harmless, and these and other points 
 are to be debated at their next meeting, when they promise 
 to resolve all. 
 
 By the 15th of next month, the Bendy sh for Smyrna and 
 Prudent Mary for Smyrna and Constantinople are designed to 
 depart, and if God bless me, I intend to go with them, which 
 makes me so busy in your lordship's affairs that I protest I 
 scarce spare time to visit my own friends. Nothing troubles 
 me more than that a proper man cannot be found to succeed 
 Mr. Martin, so that your commissioners are for continuing 
 Mr. Walrond. The Duchess has not shown herself averse to it, 
 yet, if I mistake not, she still retains some displeasure against 
 him. 
 
 I come now from my Lord Treasurer, whom I have solicited 
 concerning the money your lordship laid out for redemption 
 of the slaves taken in the Morea. He was not disposed to 
 see me, yet he sent out Sir Philip Warwick to say that at 
 present he was indisposed, but when better " would seeke 
 out the privy scale and order the payment. And that I might
 
 291 
 
 presse the businesse farther, I addressed myself to my Lady 
 Southampton, whom I allwayes find in an humour to oblige 
 both your lordship and my lady. I implored her favour in 
 minding her lord of this business, and found her very ready, 
 which shee expressed in termes of abundant kindnesse and 
 respect. As to the businesse of the garter, I am resolved to 
 desist, for at present there is too much difficulty in it. Time 
 and the promising prosperitie of your lordship will entitle you 
 to it ; here are many great ones and favourites that stand 
 in expectation of it ; and though there are many neither 
 equall to your lordship in fortune nor parts who have procured 
 that honour to have it placed on their shoulders, yet, as Sir 
 H. Finch told mee, your lordship must consider as well who 
 those are that want it and expect it, as those who allready 
 have it. 
 
 " It hath pleased God to call the little Lady Betty to another 
 world ; the rest of your hopeful issue encrease in vertue and 
 beautie. Within two dayes I designe for Eastwell, where I 
 shall waite on my Lord Maidstone, and perform other matters 
 in reference to your lordship's estate." 6 pp. 
 
 MEMORANDUM for SIB HENRY BENNET. 
 
 1663, Nov. Memorandum by Paul Ricaut for Sir Henry 
 Bennet, of matters entrusted to him by Lord Winchilsea, to 
 be communicated to Sir Henry, "which were not judged fit 
 to be inserted in his letter." 
 
 That the Grand Signer wished an express to be sent 
 to England, touching at Algier by the way, to learn how the 
 late ratifications of peace with England had been received there. 
 
 That on 5th Aug. the Chimacam or deputy of the Vizier 
 delivered the ratifications, with a "prologue" of the strict 
 union between the Grand Signor and the crown of England, 
 and that the Grand Signor was resolved to keep no union 
 with any Christian Prince besides the King of England, as 
 was shown by his wars with the Emperor of Germany and 
 Venice, the ill correspondence with France, and the imprison- 
 ment of the Holland Resident. And therefore, if the King 
 of England, who was the most powerful monarch in the world 
 by sea, would aid the Grand Signor against the Venetians 
 with his navy, the Grand Signor might do what would be 
 advantageous for his Majesty's trade in return. 
 
 The Ambassador could not do otherwise than acquaint his 
 Majesty with this proposition, for though he conceives it in 
 no wise suitable to his Majesty's affairs or the common cause 
 of Christendom to aid the Turks at this time, yet that neither 
 the general interest intrusted to him nor his own person may 
 suffer " by a barbarous and unreasonable fury," he humbly 
 offers his opinion touching the answer to be given. 
 
 That " the republic of Venice is a prince Christian " and 
 in league with England, therefore it would be unjust to begin 
 a war without reason, but that his Majesty being a perfect
 
 292 
 
 friend to both parties, offers himself as umpire to compose a 
 peace, which, if not effected, he will then further consider this 
 proposition. This answer will probably have these effects : 
 
 1. It will amuse the Turks, so that the English interest 
 and estates under their power will be the better secured. 
 
 2. The honour of the umpirage between Venice and the 
 Turk, which for long has been managed by France, will be 
 transferred to his Majesty, and so the Venetians quitted 
 of their obligation to that King. It will likewise be more 
 grateful to the greatest part of the Venetian nobility, who 
 have particularly good inclinations to the crown of England, 
 and more friendship to his Excellency than th'ey could have 
 to any French ambassador, the last having managed these 
 affairs so badly. 
 
 3. It will acquit his Excellency from depending on Balarino, 
 " a person full of artifice and design." If this advice be 
 accepted it would be necessary that an agent, recommended 
 by his Excellency, should be placed in Venice, with whom 
 he may keep a correspondence. 
 
 His Excellency likewise humbly proposes that since he is 
 the sole Christian ambassador at Constantinople, the grievances 
 of the poor Christians in all parts of the Turkish dominions 
 are addressed to him, as well of the Latin as the Greek and 
 Armenian Churches, but since he is limited by his instructions 
 to favour the Greek beyond the Latin, he is " bound up from 
 several good offices " which he might show to the Guardians 
 of the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem, lest they should be 
 prejudicial to the Greeks. If his instructions were enlarged, 
 he could more generally diffuse his assistance for the benefit 
 of the Christian cause. 
 
 He further proposes that his journey to Adrianople, for 
 performance of his Majesty's commands, "which now lies 
 wholly upon the Turkey Company," being for the common 
 interest of trade, his Majesty would be pleased in some measure 
 to relieve the said Company of all, or at least a good part of 
 this burden ; " that they may not be wholly sufferers for 
 having contributed with their purses " to that negotiation. 
 
 I beseech your Honour to procure my speedy despatch, 
 as the general ships for Smyrna depart in fifteen days, and 
 if I miss that passage I shall be forced to a long and tedious 
 winter journey. 4 pp. 
 
 Annexed : Copies of documents relating to the treaties. 
 
 PAUL RICATJT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Dec. 7-9. [London.] " The attendance on my Lord 
 Maidstone (who in all points of learning and vertue growes 
 an excellent proficient beyond his yeares) and the other of 
 your little ones the last weeke at Eastwell, hath made mee 
 omit writing that weeke 's information. I was glad to see 
 in the country your lordship's children so healthfull and
 
 293 
 
 thrive so well ; the house and furniture carefully looked after, 
 and all your lordship's friends and commissioners so encouraged 
 by the frequent supplies your lordship hath made them . . . 
 that they proceed with much delight in clearing your lordship's 
 engagements and improving the estate." 
 
 Dec. 8. Sir H. Bennet has promised me my despatches by 
 the latter end of this week, which I am confident will accord 
 with your expectation. I have discoursed with him at large, 
 as also with my Lord Chancellor for some hours. The King 
 has referred all to his ministers, so I have had no entertain- 
 ment with him in private, but hope to obtain it on my 
 departure. I have made a second attempt to procure the 
 money disbursed at Adrianople, and used many arguments 
 to my Lord Treasurer to induce him to afford assistance, 
 " to which my lord replyed in short that to expect any such 
 summe out of the King's coffers were a folly, and the prosecution 
 of the businesse a losse of time." I then proposed an imposition 
 on the goods of all ships trading to the Mediterranean till the 
 Company was reimbursed. My lord seemed rather to 
 approve this, and promised that if reasonable propositions 
 were brought him from the Company, he would do his utmost 
 to assist them. To-day I was summoned to the Court of 
 Assistants. Great complaints they made, that their money 
 should be spent without their order ; and said that your 
 lordship, on receipt of your instructions for the negotiations, 
 should have sent home to know where the money might be 
 levied, " rather then to have used their estates for effecting 
 what they never desired, nor knew nor consented unto." 
 I answered that your lordship had but obeyed his Majesty's 
 orders for the journey, but (that they might know you were 
 very sensible of their great charge thereon) I had, by your 
 orders, used all endeavours with the Lord Treasurer. When 
 I touched the expedient by way of imposition, however, they 
 were all against it, as impositions once laid on were never 
 after to be taken off, and therefore desired me to desist 
 from that way. If I could procure it from the King's 
 revenue it would be a very acceptable service to them, but 
 other means " were remedies worse then the desease." This 
 morning Sir H. Bennet sent for me and I began to relate to 
 him what had passed at the Court, to which he answered 
 that you need take no further care as to this business, as 
 the King would give the Company their answer. 4 pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Dec. 10. Aleppo. Amongst the French money has 
 been found a bag of the new Perus. having in each piece of 
 eight but four " drams " of silver. This has so far benefitted 
 the English that it has freed them from the suspicion of being 
 the importers of that bad money. The Emyn is said to have 
 friends at Court who are working to infringe the English 
 privileges, and the more easily because several great men are
 
 294 
 
 cut off who were formerly friends to the nation. Prays that 
 by his Excellency's wisdom they may be prevented. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to FATHER ISIDORE DI OGGIONO, 
 Guardian of the Holy Land. 
 
 1663, Dec. 11-21. Pera. The bearer, Father Pacifico 
 "hath deported himself here with much fidelity and modesty 
 . . . and with that care and circumspection in the affairs 
 of the Holy Land as deserves exceedingly from you." 
 
 I am also confident that your wisdom will distinguish 
 between words and actions, and that your constancy will 
 not only preserve but increase old friends. Letter Book, ii, 
 p. 85. i p. 
 
 THE EARL OF SOUTHAMPTON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Dec. 15. Your secretary returns to you with such 
 answer to the most private part of your negotiation as in 
 great measure concurs with your own judgment. It seemed 
 very strange to me that almost in the same minute that the 
 ratification was received at Algier, they should write to his 
 Majesty a letter which in a manner breaks the whole treaty ; 
 yet he is not insensible of the great kindness of the Grand 
 Signor and his ministers, and when they [of Algiers] shall 
 perceive his Majesty's resentment by the appearance of some 
 of his fleet, your lordship's negotiation may reduce them to 
 better conformity in the future. 
 
 I fail not to take all occasions to speak to his Majesty of 
 your activity and diligence, whereof he hath a very good 
 sense ; so much so that he will recommend the good effects 
 of your late journey to the merchants in general, which I hope 
 will make them believe that it is unfit that they should receive 
 the benefit, while the burden and charge lie upon that little 
 you receive from the Turkey Company. And I hope your 
 success in present affairs will discover to his Majesty your 
 capacity for a better province. 
 
 " Your lordship knows what expectations the German 
 warr raises in the European princes and principally our great 
 neighbor, with whom your lordship may hear some punctillios 
 of honor are in disput, even with us, for the reception of our 
 ambassador, which will at last, I assure myself, terminat in 
 that which will not diminish us, for our master imposes not 
 nor receives unequall conditions. We have a rumor the 
 Dutch will make some tender of services to the Grand Seigneur 
 upon some advantage for the cloth trade ; In this conjuncture, 
 your lordship I assure myselfe will be very vigilant to attend 
 their motions and be likewise soe cautious (for all interests 
 are very ticklish now) that even a good bait be not too nimbly 
 swallowed . 
 
 " Our starrs here move seditious minds to follow their late 
 practices and to permit noe quiet to others whilst they are
 
 295 
 
 disturbed in their owne thoughts. But the care of his 
 Majesty's officers and the good affection of the loyall party in 
 all places make soe soon discoveries, that we will promise 
 ourselves at last, as they heretofore triumpht in their success 
 and prosperity, ther often failing and being frustrated will 
 cure them of this megrum. His Majesty is sending down a 
 commissioner of oyer and terminer into the north, and the 
 sound of it will runn into the other quarters. . . . ' Signed. 
 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 SIR EDWARD NICHOLAS to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Dec. 23. Charing Crosse. I have with great content- 
 ment received your lordship's of the 4th of August by your 
 prudent and faithful servant Mr. Ricaut, and am very much 
 joyed to understand by him how successfully you have 
 performed the great charge reposed in you by his Majesty. 
 The Grand Seigneur's ratification of the treaties with Tunis, 
 Algiers and Tripoly was very welcome to his Majesty ; but 
 since the receipt thereof those of Algiers have very causelessly 
 and contemptuously violated their articles. 
 
 " Albeit I have att present lesse power and opportunity 
 to serve my friends or then I could wishe for their sakes, yet I 
 shall ever with much cheerefulness and reddines embrace any 
 occasion to contribute the best of my endeavours and industry 
 to let the world see how much I truly honour your lordshipp 
 and your noble alliaunce." Holograph. 1| pp. 
 
 JOSEPH WILLIAMSON to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, Dec. 23. Whitehall. Thanking his Excellency for 
 his last letter, and offering his services. Mr. Ricaut will 
 bring all the news. 1 p. 
 
 SIR HENRY BENNET to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, Dec. 23. Whitehall. Your secretary returning, I 
 must acknowledge the letters he brought for his Majesty 
 and myself of the 4th and 5th of August, with the several 
 ratifications of the treaties with Tunis, Tripoli, and Algiers ; 
 together with a present of an Arabian horse for which his 
 Majesty will give you thanks in his own hand. He is perfectly 
 satisfied with j r our comportment, and, in this particular 
 transaction, finds that you have acted with extraordinary 
 prudence and much benefit to his affairs, if those of Algiers 
 will stand to the peace, of which we are in doubt, the populace 
 having tumultuously prevailed against the will of their 
 governors to violate it in some points. His Majesty resolves to 
 secure the trade by sending a considerable fleet to the 
 Mediterranean sea. Meanwhile, you are to complain to the 
 Grand Signer of this behaviour, but to say that if they are 
 willing to retract their errors, he will give power to his general 
 " to peice up matters again/' believing that the fault docs
 
 298 
 
 not proceed from the governors but from the avarice and 
 inconstancy of the people, " generally composed of piratts 
 and such as get their livelihood^ from them." 
 
 *" Now it will bee fit I proceed to those points particularly 
 intrusted to your secretaire's credential!, for which your 
 Excellencie hath a new one given you in his Majestie's 
 letter to the Grand Signer, according to which you are to 
 expose to the chief e minister thereupon at your first audience, 
 in returne to what in secrecy hee communicated to you, viz. 
 that his Majestie valewes as hee ought to doe the friendship 
 of the Grand Signor and this late effect and proofe of it in the 
 ratifications now sent heither ; that his Majestie is ready 
 on his part to doe all things that may justify his profession 
 to correspond entirely and sincerely with such an amity, so it 
 may not prejudice his friendship established with any Christian 
 Prince. And on this occasion it would not bee unfit for you 
 to expose how little and uncertaine an one hee hath with 
 the Emperour, not only for the little or no communication 
 or dependance betwixt the Empire and his Majestie's dominions 
 but for the unconcernments the Emperour hath showen for 
 his Majestie in all times, neglecting him totally when hee 
 was abroad and having omitted to send him any congratulatory 
 ambassy or message since his happy restauration, all other 
 Princes and States of Christendome having done it in a most 
 splendid manner. And this tale being well told by your 
 Excellencie will certainely convince the Grand Signor that 
 his Majestie cannot bee suspected of much partialitie towards 
 the Emperour. As to the Venetians, the Grand Signer's 
 other adversary in Christendome, it is true that all the good 
 correspondence is entertained between his Majestie and them 
 which can become such a friendship, so that it cannot bee 
 expected a Prince so sacred an observer of his royal! word 
 as his Majestie is should unprovoaked proceed to the violation 
 of it. 
 
 " But to shew the Grand Signor how ready his Majestie 
 is and desirous by all lawful! wayes and meanes of the con- 
 tinuation of his friendship, his Majestie offers the Grand 
 Signor to bee the umpire and mediatour of a peace betwixt 
 him and the Venetian, according to which the Embassadour 
 or Resident which his Majestie meanes speedily to send to 
 the Duke and Senate of Venice shall bee particularly instructed 
 to doe all good offices and performe anything else tending 
 to that end. And if this take effect, the Grand Signor wiU 
 find much more ease in his affaires then hee can possibly have 
 by the prosecution of the warre with the Venetians, how 
 powerfully soever supported or assisted by his Majestie, 
 whose late entrance into his kingdomes hath not yet put 
 him into a condition to engage in any forraigne quarrells. 
 And this wee hope will abundantly suffise to answer that 
 
 * The following part of the letter 13 in a figure cipher, but the decipher 
 made for the Earl (in Ricaut's hand) is with the letter.
 
 297 
 
 court's expectations in returne to what they proposed to 
 your Excellencie. 
 
 " One thing more it will not bee amisse to adde for your 
 Excellencie to make use of, if there bee occasion to come to 
 a parly betwixt the usefullnesse of his Majestie's friendship 
 and that of Holland, by showing their dependance upon the 
 Empire and their late leave to make leavies of men there in 
 defence of it and the emulation in which they put themselves 
 at present of procuring their peace with Algier established 
 and ours broaken, supposing with reason enough that that 
 Government cannot with any satisfaction to their people 
 bee friends with both. Your Excellencie is to take notice 
 that what I write to you here of the Emperour is to bee made 
 use of as a thing in your owne observation and not as intimated 
 to you from mee, least too much hold should bee laid upon 
 it and his Majestie pressed to some conclusions which hee 
 would very unwillingly embrace, and consequently not only 
 his service but you also in your person exposed by the refusall 
 of them. It is good that your Excellencie use like tendernesse 
 in the point of the Venetians, and upon the same grounds, 
 though that negotiation being more avowable you may be 
 boulder in it. 
 
 "As to that point wherein your secretarye represented the 
 restraint upon you in your instructions to favour preferablye 
 the Greeke Churches to the Lattine by which you saye the 
 Westerne Princes are disobliged, his Majestie consents that 
 from hence forwarde your Excellencie take a latitude therein 
 to doe what shall appeare to you most for his owne honnor 
 and the satisfaction of this part of Christendome. 
 
 "To the last poynt, wherein your Secretary recommends 
 to and beseeches his Majestie to ease the Levante Companie 
 in contributing to the extraordinary expence of your journeye 
 to Adrianople, his Majestie answers that this peace with 
 Algiers hath allreadye cost him sufficentlye and is like to doe 
 much more in the future for the supporte of it, the principall 
 effect of which will redownde to the saide Companyes, besides 
 that there are no presedentes subsisting to justifye a pretencion 
 to such payments from the king, which is sayde without any 
 rcfflection upon your Excellencie's merritt towards his Majestie 
 or an intencion to deminish any returnes to you thereupon 
 from his bountye." 9 pp. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MORICE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Dec. 23. Of the occurences here, you will receive 
 a more satisfactory narration from your secretary's mouth 
 than from my pen. 
 
 " I shall in general only tell you that there are still many 
 ill humors in these bodyes, and though quiet for the present, 
 yet not abated in their malignancy. We doubt not by the 
 prudent conduct of his Majesty and his ministers to prevent 
 their gatheringe into an head, and if they should breake out
 
 298 
 
 into a distemper yet it could not much inflame, the militia 
 being so well setled, whereof there is a parte at their armes 
 constantly in every county. Som grudgings of this kind of 
 feaver have beene lately in the north, but the plot was laid 
 and managed by persons inconsiderable for number and 
 quality, who could no more have effected what they designed 
 then have undermined a castle with their swordes. Foure 
 of the judges are goinge downe to Yorkeshire with commission 
 of oyer and terminer to trye som of the conspirators. In 
 Scotland, the new commissioner, the Earle of Rothes (Middleton 
 beinge laid aside), hath by som moderation allayed that heate 
 which the violent motions of the other had irritated, but 
 though episcopacy be there established, yet tis uneasy to 
 them, and the bishops exert little of their power. In Ireland 
 are great animosyties against the Commissioners of Claymes, 
 whom the adventurers and soldiers suppose too prepense to 
 the Irish interest, who have adjudged halfe Irland to those 
 of that nation in the notion of innocents and yet but one parte 
 of sixe of such pretenders are restored as yet. There lyes 
 a new bill before the Council heere for the settlement of Irland, 
 but the worke is like to prove tedious and intricate, and dis- 
 contents there doe multiply and are not like to be easily or 
 soone attempered. We are in straites for the scarcity of 
 mony, which make trade shrinke though it never delated 
 itselfe on your end of the world more then this yeere by occasion 
 of the Turkes clothinge his army, and this penury of mony 
 puts the State also into exigences, though the kinge endeavor 
 to contract his expences, and in that consideration, hath put 
 downe all dyets at courte (which gives great dissatisfaction) 
 and made a stop and suspension of all pensions. The fleet 
 of ten sayle of royal ships ready to sett saile for Algiers, the 
 returne to the bosom of our church and communion by my 
 lord of Bristol, the clashinges betwixt him and my Lord 
 Chancellor, the intrigues of either faction, and the engaging 
 and disposinge persons in expectation of the next parliament 
 and the endeavors for an atonement and accomodation betweene 
 them, being no secrets but the theme of common discourse, 
 you will with more distinctnes and satisfaction in the particulars 
 receave from your secretary. I shall only give your Excellency an 
 assurance that I have great affection to your service and an high 
 honor for your person, and shall covet and court all occasions to 
 give you demonstration thereof." Holograph. 1| pp. 
 
 PETER RYCAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 1663, Dec. 26. London. Thanking his lordship for all 
 his kindness to his brother, and assuring him of his own desire 
 to serve him. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, Dec. 26. Aleppo. The Musselem has returned 
 my cloth, since which I have given him a visit and been treated
 
 299 
 
 with much respect. He promises all fair correspondence for 
 the future. To encourage him, I gave him a present, and 
 believe that I have secured his friendship. I have also given 
 a present to the Emeen, and he has not as yet caused us the 
 least disturbance. 1 p. 
 
 THE DUKE or ALBEMARLK to THE EARL OP WENCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Dec. 28. Cock-pit. "I received your lordshipp's 
 letter, and returne you my heartie thankes for your kind 
 remembrance of mee. I desire you by the first opportunitie 
 to lett mee know whether the Great Turke goes in person 
 uppon any expedition the next summer. All thinges heere are 
 well. Now and then there are some little designes amongst the 
 Anabaptists and Fifth Monarchy men, which are a people will 
 never bee quiett, butt their designes are so weake and in- 
 considerable that I am confident they will nott bee dangerous 
 to his Majesty and the kingdome. I am now in hast and 
 cannot inlarge, and therfore I desire your pardon for my 
 brevity att this time." Holograph. \ p. Seal oj arms in 
 garter, with ducal coronet. 
 
 THE EARL OF CLARENDON to THE SAME. 
 
 1663, Dec. 29. Worcester House. " I have received yours 
 of the 4th of August by Mr. Ricaut, whose dilligence and 
 activity hath made him ready to returne at a season when I 
 am very unfitt to give your lordship any account of myself e 
 or of affairs here, having been these two and twenty dayes a 
 prisoner to my bed with the goute. . . . 
 
 " Your secretary will informe you what kind of reception 
 the Grand Signer's ratification found at Algiers, and what our 
 master is compelled and resolved to doe thereupon. It were 
 to be wished that the Grand Signior would himselfe be soe 
 sensible of this indignity and disobedience of his vassalls 
 towards him, that thev might from thence be reduced to their 
 duty." 
 
 I hope you will persuade those in authority that the course 
 our master takes was absolutely necessary for our trade in the 
 Mediterranean, and that Sir John Lawson will, before the 
 end of the summer, teach them to know themselves. Methinks 
 the Grand Signer should not think it for his advantage to 
 have a war with our master, which these perfidious pirates 
 do in a manner involve him in, expressly contrary to his 
 command. 
 
 Your lordship has got great reputation in the managing of 
 your business there, and I hope will get something else besides 
 reputation. The Dutch believe that they have already 
 composed their differences with the Grand Signor. I know 
 you keep so exact a survey of our trade in those parts, that 
 when you return, you will be able to make it evident how 
 much it improved every year of your embassy.
 
 300 
 
 T wish you " a safe and a happy returne to your owne 
 country when you are weary of being out of it, and when 
 I hope it will be fitter to receive you then it hath been these 
 late ill years." The concluding words of the letter only in 
 Clarendon's hand. 2-| pp. 
 
 THE FACTORY OF SMYRNA to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663, Dec. 31. Smyrna. Certifying that " in the business 
 of Mr. Weymouth Carew," they hold Mr. Carew's conduct 
 blameless, and consider that the dvania is not personal but 
 national, and should be borne by the general charges, seeing 
 that the same thing might happen to any of the rest of them. 
 Signed by Richard Mowsse, Treasurer, Walter Coventry, Samuel 
 Taylor, Dudley North and 24 others. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENRY BENNETT. 
 
 1663[-4], Jan. 3. Pera. A long despatch on Turkish affairs 
 and the intrigues of the other ambassadors at the Porte against 
 England. Believes it is for the King's interest for him to be 
 always with the Court; "but the danger of the plague is 
 great, the air and accommodation at Adrianople very bad ; 
 that thought I do neither esteem my life nor fortune in com- 
 parison of the public good, yet I have little reason to throw 
 myself into the fire." Letter Book, ii, p. 86. 3 pp. {Original 
 in 8. P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE SAME to CONSUL JONES at Venice. 
 
 1663[-4], Jan, 3. He exceedingly compassionates the 
 sufferings of Illustrissimo Delfino, occasioned only by his fidelity 
 to his Prince and valour in his service, and would esteem 
 himself very happy if he could promote his liberty ; but he is 
 the son of a General, and possibly they detain him to exchange 
 him for some greater person. Also long ago, in Sir Thos. 
 Bendyshe's time, the affair was mismanaged, "and last summer 
 worse, for the whole city knew it." Desires to be informed of 
 further particulars and urges that the affair must be kept quite 
 secret, or nothing can be done. Ibid. p. 89. 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to SIMON DE RENINGHEN, Resident for the 
 Emperor, at Belgrade. 
 
 1663-4, Jan. 18. Pera. Expressing his desire to see his 
 Excellency again in Constantinople, and to assist him in 
 making an honourable peace. Ibid. p. 91. Italian, p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1663-4, Jan. 25. Aleppo. The Eagle is nearly ready to 
 sail, a very rich ship, upon which is laden about 1,800 sacks 
 of galls, near 300 bales of silk, 200 sacks of goats' wool, 
 80 bales of gro. yarn, besides drugs and other goods.
 
 301 
 
 " We continue a good understanding and correspondency 
 with the ministers here ; enjoy our privileges and carry on 
 our affaires with satisfaction and contentment. . . . The 
 French nation are but in a bad condition, slighted and 
 incroached upon ; the Dutch nation without trade." 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIGNOR BALARINO, Venetian 
 
 Resident. 
 
 1663-4, Jan. 30. Pera. In favour of Thomas Gobbato,* 
 whom he believes to be a faithful subject to his prince, and 
 cannot imagine is guilty of any crimes towards his Excellency 
 sufficiently grave to merit such lasting remembrance. Letter 
 Book } ii, p. 92. Italian, f p. 
 
 THE SAME to CONSUL CAVE. 
 
 1663[-4], Feb. 28. Pera. Has been sent for in haste to the 
 Grand Signer. Prays Cave to show this to his secretary and 
 hasten his return. Ibid. p. 93. f p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENRY BENNET. 
 
 1663-4, March 8. Pera. Has been summoned to Court by 
 the Grand Signer, and is making his preparations, including 
 a tent to lie in, as the plague is already at Heraclea, which 
 is nigh the road to Adrianople. Has sent his first druggerman 
 to delay his going (if possible) until his secretary returns, and 
 shall try then to put the journey " quite off " but fears it 
 will be very difficult. 
 
 The Turks are now as low as lately they were high, having 
 received heavy losses in Hungary. Great preparations are 
 being made for the next campaign, but the Turks go very 
 unwillingly to the war and are terrified with their late ill- 
 success. They curse the Vizier as author of the war, and 
 there are great murmurings of an insurrection. Ibid. p. 94. 
 3 pp. [Orignal in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 Also, Another letter, dated March 16, to much the same 
 effect. Ibid. p. 96. [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE SAME to GEORGE DRAPERIIS, his first druggerman, at 
 Adrianople. 
 
 1663-4, March 19. Pera. Ricaut arrived on the 16th 
 with answer from the King of England to the Chimacam's 
 proposition, but as the answer is such as will give him grounds 
 to make "new demands of chicqueens" [qy. sequins] and also 
 because of the expence (the Turkey Company still lamenting 
 their great charges), Draperiis is to get Winchilsea's journey 
 put off, if with honour and safety he may, by pretending 
 indisposition of health or whatever other impediment he thinks 
 
 * There are other letters on this subject, in the last of which, dated August 
 17 and Sept. 13, the Earl thanks Balarino for receiving Gobbato again into 
 favour.
 
 302 
 
 fit, and which may possibly take effect " by the mediation of 
 the presents, which are the chief motives that incline those 
 ministers " to desire his company. If, however, he thinks 
 things have proceeded too far to be retracted, he is to give 
 no presents until Winchilsea arrives. Letter Book, ii, p. 98. 
 2 pp. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MORICE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 [1663-4,] March 24. Although mine of September 3rd came 
 to your hands on November 16th, yet yours of November 21st 
 only reached me on the 17th instant, the day after parliament 
 first met after their prorogation. "The Kinge was informed 
 it was like to be a thinne house of Commons the first day, and 
 being loath to adventure busines of waight in a paucity of 
 members, which might be more easily wrought and influenced, 
 and being advertised that many of the members were on their 
 way, and would be in towne by the ende of the weeke, he 
 desired both houses to adjourne until Monday, notwithstandinge 
 there appeared about 70 in the house of Lordes and toward 200 
 in that of the Commons. The great busines like to fall under 
 agitation this session is concerninge my lord of Bristol, both 
 in relation to his Majesty and to the chancellor. He offended 
 the King before the last prorogation by sayinge to him that if 
 he suffred his enemyes to have such accesse to and credit with 
 his Majesty, he would raise such a storme as he should feele 
 the effects thereof. None were present to heare the wordes 
 save the lord Aubigny which is but one witnes, though som 
 opine that the Kinge may be another, the case being not 
 properly his, but the kingdoms, whose peace is concerned, 
 but the major parte gainsay this. You have formerly heard 
 how the Earle was proscribed the courte ; how a proclamation 
 issued commanding him to render himselfe and forbidding 
 any to receave or conceale him ; how he was indited for 
 recusancy, and to defeat that prosecution how he turned 
 protestant, came one Sunday to the church at Wimbledon 
 and heard divine service forenoone and afternoone ; how 
 he proved his conformity in the exchequer by four witnesses 
 that were afterward all committed to prison, for not apprehend- 
 ing him according to the proclamation ; and therefore I 
 shall not trouble you with such repititions, but tell you that 
 all our researches for taking him becomminge frustrated, and 
 all negotiations for reconciling him to the Kinge and with 
 the chancellor provinge fruitles (for nothing would content 
 him without kissing the Kings hands and speaking a few 
 wordes to him which was denyed him, but had it beene granted, 
 he would have for som time have left the lande), and it being 
 believed he would appeare and bluster in parliament, his 
 Majesty sett sergeants at armes to waite at every dore and 
 avennew of the lordes house with their maces and his majestyes 
 warrants to arrest the Earle for high treason and convey him 
 to the Tower, and this hath given som ombrage to many of the
 
 303 
 
 peeres. The same day, which was the first of the convention, 
 his house was searched at Wymbledon, but he was every 
 where invisible. That morning he sent me a letter which 
 he desired to be communicated to the Councel, wherein he 
 declares that having falne under his Majestyes displeasure, 
 to hie great sorrow, but without any fault save of som 
 warmnes and indiscretion in the mode of offeringe som advise 
 to his Majesty for his service, he thought no expedient so 
 probable to allay that displeasure, as to retire himselfe and 
 lye private, in which privacy he sawe his Majestys proclamation, 
 and though it limited no time for his comminge in nor charged 
 him with any particular crime, nevertheless he was going 
 to render himselfe, but fell sicke on the way, and being now 
 recovered, he found it to be the end of the meeting of the 
 parliament, and being ignorant of the lawes, he desired the 
 Counsel to advise and declare whither it were fitt for him to 
 yeeld in himselfe, or lay clayme to his privilege as a peere. 
 My duty prompted me to bringe the letter to the Kinge, who 
 detaned it, but at Councel declared great resentment against 
 the Earle. 
 
 " The busines agitated in France about precedence 
 betweene our Embassador and the princes of the blood is, 
 after a long contest and many traverses, adjusted by this 
 expedient ; that the Embassader had a forthnight since an 
 audience without a solemne entry, and at St. Germain, not 
 at Paris, and no prince of the blood nor any of their coaches 
 present, which hath left it problemmatical who had the better 
 issue of the controversy. We have not yet heard whither 
 the lord Embassador Fanshawe be arrived at Madrid, who 
 was imbarqued in that fleete which Sir John Lawson commanded 
 to Algiers, to reduce the barbarians to conformity, or chastise 
 their perfidiousness. The French have sett forth a fleete 
 of sixteen ships and galleyes to attaque them, and they 
 transport som land souldiers to raise and man a forte neere 
 that towne to represse and restraine them. The Dutch fleete 
 wilbe under saile within a weeke or two uppon like account 
 with ours. My lord of Teviot is fortifying Tanger, and raiseth 
 his workes in the face and midst of the assaults of Gyland, 
 and the mole there advanceth prosperously. Monday the 
 two houses mette together, and how his Majesty delivered 
 himselfe to them, you may please to reade in the inclosed. 
 The same day my lord of Northampton delivered to the 
 Speaker pro tempore (viz. my lorde chiefe justice Bridgman, 
 the chancellor beinge not yet recovered of the goute) a letter 
 which was directed to the lordes in parliament, and which he 
 said he had receaved from the Countesse of Bristol at the 
 dore, but because his Majesty was not willinge the house 
 should receive any addresse from him, they considering that 
 they had no knoledge from whom the letter came nor what 
 it contained, resolved to send it to the Kinge unbroken, for 
 which they had his thankes. The letter containd matters
 
 304 
 
 of high nature, and reflected on the Duke of Yorke. In our 
 house, we have only voted that a bill shalbe brought in to 
 repeale the acte for callinge and holdinge a triennial parliament, 
 in the mode and way that therein is provided, and to enact 
 a parliament shalbe called and held once in three yeeres at 
 least, but without any such coercion as in the former acte." 
 Holograph. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to GEORGIO DRAPERIIS, at 
 Adrianople. 
 
 1664, March 29. Pera. Much approves of the course 
 Draperiis has taken to excuse his journey to Adrianople, but 
 rather than strain a point, or endanger any loss of reputation, 
 he would start at once. 
 
 In private discourse with the chief men, Draperiis is to let 
 fall that the Emperor has sent an ambassador to the English 
 King to demand aid against the Grand Signor, " which request 
 is seconded by the persuasions of most Christian princes," 
 but that the King, from friendship to the Grand Signor, and 
 {; several disgusts he hath taken against the Emperor, for 
 denying him all help and assistance or friendship in the time 
 of the rebellion of his subjects, when he remained an exile in 
 foreign parts, is resolved to afford him no succour, either by 
 men or money ; but that the Hollanders do permit levies 
 in their country publicly to the sound of the drum for the 
 Emperor." 
 
 Hears that the Hollanders have a design to engross the 
 whole trade of cloth into their own hands, and are making 
 propositions to the Grand Signor which may wholly endanger 
 the English trade. Prays Draperiis to keep an eye on this 
 matter. Letter Book, ii, p. 100. If pp. 
 Enclosing, 
 
 Letters of apology to the Caimacam and Reis Effendi 
 
 that indisposition prevents his going to Adrianople ; 
 
 with thanks for their kindness to his druggerman. Ibid. 
 
 pp. 101, 102. Italian. 1 pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, April 2. Aleppo. The Nathan, Captain Clapp, has 
 arrived at Scanderoon. On the way he was taken and carried 
 into Algier, where they condemned his pepper, tin and some 
 other fine goods, but released the rest of his cargo, which was of 
 pilchards. The Mary Bonadventure was also taken, but 
 ship and goods were released for a present of 700 dollars. 
 The lading was pepper and fish, f p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE PATRIARCH OF JERUSALEM. 
 
 1664, April 5. Pera. Assuring him that not only this present 
 holy Easter time but his whole future life will be rendered 
 the happier by the sacred benediction sent him by his Holiness
 
 305 
 
 (Beatitudine) y having the greatest honour and respect both 
 for his office and his person, and looking upon him as a pillar, 
 not only of the Greek, but of the whole Christian church. 
 Wishes him a blessed Easter, and a long life full of happiness 
 and prosperity. Italian. Letter Book, ii, p. 103. | p. 
 
 LORD HOLLES to THE EARL OF WENCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, April 7-17. Paris. When I received yours, I was 
 putting pen to paper to send you a letter from Madame desiring 
 your assistance for such French in the Grand Signer's 
 dominions as may stand in need of it, " who are supposed 
 to be now in no very good condition of safety, in regard their 
 King doth send aid to the Emperor." I obeyed her Royal 
 Highness' command very willingly, both for her sake and its 
 being an act of great charity, and also because it gave me an 
 occasion to kiss your lordship's hands. You mention a 
 former letter, seemingly concerning this very business, but 
 I never received it. 
 
 " As for Mr. Smith, I have done all which your lordship 
 desired, recommended him to the Hollands Ambassador here, 
 and written to Sir George Downing our Resident there ; it is 
 trewly a very greate and high oppression and injustice, but 
 the Dutch have of late been very bold with us, refuse us trading 
 upon the coast of Guinee, claiming it to themselves by conquest 
 from the Portuguez, refuse likewise rendring the Isle of Poleron, 
 and putt twenty slurrs upon us, of which I hope they will not 
 bragg in the end. I have here likewise mett with some 
 dimcultyes, for I had audience but the 20th of the last moneth, 
 and I came to this towne the beginning of August. The 
 contest was about the precedency of the Princes of the Blood, 
 who pretended to have their coaches goe before mine at the 
 entree, an incroachment upon the rights of ambassadors 
 obtained and practised only since our troubles in England, 
 and submitted unto by the Spanish and all other ambassadors ; 
 but I made it appeare that never any of ours did it, so at last 
 with much adoe I had my audience, and no Princes appeared, 
 and all was terminated very well. Your Grand Signer's 
 greate preparations trouble us very much, I wish they were 
 as forward in Germany for the defensive part, but a worke 
 which must be carried on by a concurrence of so many severall 
 heads and hands goes allwaies slowly on. Many yong gallants 
 volontiers goe from hence, but the forces which this King 
 sends are onely six thousand men, the numbers that his part 
 comes to for the territories he holds in Germany, and which by 
 the association of the Princes of the Rhine, of whome he makes 
 one, he is bound to furnish upon all occasions, which may 
 be well alledged for the indemnifying of his subjects within 
 the Turk's dominions, that their King does no more but what 
 he is oblidged to as a German Prince ; but I need not instruct 
 your lordship what is to be said and done by you in their 
 behalf es." Holograph. 2 pp. 
 
 Wt. 29495. FI 20
 
 306 
 
 THOMAS ANDREWS to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, April 8. London. According to your lordship's 
 desire, I have made diligent enquiry concerning the island of 
 Jamaica, and am told " that the soyle thereof is 
 wonderfull fatt, and at present is found too high for sugars, 
 for that the canes run out to that heigth that the bodye thereof 
 reteines but lytell substance." The people there "doe not 
 much mind planting," as they cannot do it " without abundance 
 of negroes or blacks, which some there had purchased with 
 great charge, and had not been long with the English but 
 toke there oppertunytie and need to the natives of the iland, 
 which are not yett reduced, butt be up and downe the woodye 
 places . . . soe that our people, since they have bene there, 
 have not much improved the iland, but rather imploied 
 themselves to fortifie the towne and haven, and to sett out 
 shipps of warr, soe that at present it is rather a place of 
 soulderye then of planting ; and indeede I heare of but very 
 lytell trade from thence ; but I understand that at Seranam 
 [Surinam] (which is more southerly upon the mayne land), 
 our people doe plant much there, and have bene very 
 sucksessfull. . . . ' 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1664, April 23. Aleppo. The King of Persia has cut off 
 four or five of his greatest ministers, and taken the government 
 into his own hands, to the great contentment of the people, 
 ' ' and not without some hope that the English East India 
 Company's affaires may have better successe for the future . . . 
 The Vice Re of Goa intends a fleet this yeare in the gulfe of 
 Persia, chiefly against the Persians, which makes the Persians 
 begin to repaire their old forts." Vessels have come from 
 India to Muscat to buy corn, as for want of rain there is like 
 to be a great famine there. Sir Abraham Shipman still 
 remaines upon the island [of Angidiva] and (as the President 
 hears) hath lost the greatest part of his men; "not so much 
 by the bad aire as the want of necessaryes and their own 
 deboistness." Of the officers he brought from England, not 
 above three are alive. The Portugals have had some losses 
 about Bassin, where Orangzeb's Moors continue conquerors. 
 
 Since the Portugals have heard of our peace with the 
 Dutch, they blame our King, who. they say, made it to their 
 disadvantage. 
 
 Their Vice Re, Antonio de Melo de Castro, still refuses to 
 deliver Bombay, "though shakes for feare that an order will 
 come very suddenly to apprehend him for disobedience unto 
 his owne master. The Portugalls of all sorts conclude their 
 Vice Re to be the greatest tyrant that ever came of his quality 
 into India, his cheifest practise being rapine and stealing all 
 that ever he can from them. The Great Mogull, Orangzeb, 
 is struck halfe his body with the dead palsie. The Butch have
 
 307 
 
 lost a ship ... at the island of Zeloone [Ceylon] in which 
 was upwards of 60,OOOZ. sterling in money, which was coyned 
 in Surat, out of consecrated vessells and other ornaments that 
 belonged to the churches which they plundered from the 
 Portugalls." 1 p. Copy, on the same sheet as the letter of 
 April 29. 
 
 RICHARD ONSLOW to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, April 25. Smyrna. Complains that he has been 
 mis-represented by Capt. Bradenham, and thinks it very 
 strange that he should be accused of refusing to pay freight 
 when it had never been demanded. 
 
 " As to taking an oath to give true entryes and pay the 
 Company their dutyes, it is what I have formerly and do now 
 offer to take, but to sweare to observe the Company's orders 
 without limitation, is what my conscience will not dispence 
 with . . . they having already ordained what is inconsistent 
 with my oath of allegiance . . . and I dare confidently say, 
 many of them would account it an oppression if his Majestie 
 should exact of them what they require from us. But seeing 
 it is your Excellencie's pleasure that I shall not longer enjoy 
 the priviledge of a factor without taking the oath prescribed 
 by the Company, I have constituted and appointed Mr. John 
 Babington, a person sworne, my assigne . . . therefore humbly 
 intreate your Excellencie that Capt. Bradenham may deliver 
 him the goods, and he will satisfy the freight. . . . The 
 experience I have had of your Excellencies clemency, justice 
 and moderation in governing us, hath begot so high an esteem 
 and reverence," that nothing would trouble me more than to be 
 esteemed an evader of your commands. 2J pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE COMMISSIONERS OF HIS 
 
 ESTATE. 
 
 1664, April 26. Pera. " ... In consideration of the 
 great pains and care Mr. Dodson hath and doth take in the 
 tuition of my son, I am contented he should have the use of 
 the vicarage house rent free during my pleasure, and that 
 five pounds a quarter be allowed my son Maidstone, to be 
 at his own disposal." I am informed that the red deer have 
 done great spoil on the young trees in Eastwell Park, wherefore 
 I would have the new plantations well fenced. I would 
 not have the red deer destroyed, but do not wish them to 
 increase above the number of a hundred, and if for a year 
 or two there be a few less it would not displease me, therefore 
 you may, if the number is full, kill twenty of the oldest deer, 
 who do most mischief and stay not within the park. Letter 
 Book, ii, p. 104. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR ANDREW RICCARD. 
 
 1664, April 26. Pera. Thanking him for his many civilities 
 and kind offices, Ibid. p. 105, | p.
 
 t 
 
 308 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to COL. CHARLES FINCH. 
 
 1664, April 26. Pera. That you have received none of 
 my letters is a great misfortune to me, " for as I am a hearty 
 lover and a well-wisher to my friends and relations, I assure 
 you that you take no small room in my thoughts and affections." 
 I have not been un-busy to try to find some employment 
 worthy of yourself and your family, and am glad to hear from 
 Sir John Finch that, by his favour with the Archduke, he has 
 obtained for you the command of a regiment in Italy. I wish 
 the office were as beneficial as it is honourable, but you will 
 do well to accept it " until a better fortune succeeds," and it 
 may lead to something more equal to your merits. If, in 
 some calm of affairs, you could take shipping to this place, 
 you should find a hearty welcome. Letter Book, ii, p. 105. f p. 
 
 THE SAME to WILLIAM Mico. 
 
 1664, April 26. Pera. Thanks him for his kind care and 
 " punctual advices." Has received the oil, which is " excellent 
 good," and the horse litter, which is very pleasing to his wife. 
 Owing to her miscarrying of a son, she has not yet used it, 
 but means to take much of her recreation in it this summer. 
 Hears that the case of old Florence wine has arrived at Smyrna, 
 for Mico's care as to which he returns many thanks. Ibid, 
 p. 106. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1664, April 26. Pera. I wish you had as much time and 
 pleasure to write letters to me as I have contentment and 
 leisure to read them. I shall hereafter observe your rule not 
 to render you any ways accountable for my moneys. I know 
 you are sufficiently charged with matters of greater importance, 
 and while I have the benefit of your counsel and interest, " it 
 were a disparagement to my own reason to expect a con- 
 descension in you to the more toilsome and meaner offices of 
 my concernment." 
 
 [Concerning the postponement of his journey to 
 Adrianople, and his desire to save expense to the Levant 
 Company.] 
 
 My wife has " lately had the misfortune to miscarry of 
 a son . . . after he was born and baptized, in three days 
 he died " ; but she is (God be praised) in a good condition 
 of health again. Ibid. p. 107. 1| pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE KING. 
 
 1664, April 26. Pera. Thanking his Majesty for his letter, 
 " adorned with the characters " of his own royal hand, which 
 highly prized lines he has laid up with the others " wrote 
 in the time of ruin and rebellion," and testifying to his 
 Majesty's confidence in his loyalty. Is infinitely overjoyed 
 that his negotiations are approved, and doubts not, when
 
 309 
 
 recalled, but to deliver up his talent with some improvement 
 into his Majesty's hands. Letter Book, ii, p. 108. $ p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1664, April 26. Pera. I have, until lately, been in great +- 
 hopes of enjoying yours and the doctor's company, but now < 
 I can only "conclude you have taken a journey for Turkey 
 by the way of England," where I understand this will find you. 
 
 " But I wish that your journey hither might be undertaken 
 on no worse terms than mine was, that is, that you might 
 succeed me in this office, that by art and dexterous manage- 
 ment this embassy might come to be entailed on our family. 
 If your genius leads you hereunto, and that you can endure 
 the Turkish air and a long continuance out of England, it 
 may be now but time (though the state of my affairs will not 
 for some years permit me to quit this office) to begin the 
 foundation of your design." Your brother Solicitor, by his 
 power with the Company, might introduce you at once, but it 
 would be a better plan to give them testimonies of your own 
 merits by frequent discourse and familiarity. I also advise 
 you to visit and learn to know this country, " but you will 
 think perhaps that the covetous desire I have to enjoy your 
 company hath provided me with this argument." If you 
 remain in England, you would do well to hold frequent 
 converse with the merchants on pretence of my affairs, and I 
 would then address all questions to you that may be between 
 myself and the Company, and if you like, make you one of 
 my commissioners, to further the design. Ibid. p. 109. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE EARL OF SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1664, April 26. Pera. On the complaints of the Levant 
 Company, the putting off of his journey to Adrianople, &c. 
 Ibid. p. 110. 1 p. 
 
 Also, like letters to Lord Clarendon, and (at greater length) 
 to Sir Henry Bennet. The original of this last is in S.P. 
 Turkey. Ibid. pp. Ill, 112. 
 
 INTELLIGENCE. 
 
 An ambassador has lately passed by tliis way, going from 
 the King of Persia to the Grand Signer, to congratulate his 
 victory at Wywar* over Germany, "for it seems the Grand 
 Signer's successes have been so magnified in Persia that it 
 was thought there he had almost brought all Christendom 
 into subjection." The King was afterwards better informed, 
 but it was too late to recall his ambassador. 
 
 The Grand Signer having reason to believe that the Vizier 
 has not been sending him true intelligence, is very ill-satisfied 
 with him, and it is believed the first foil he receives will cost 
 him his head. 
 
 * i.e. Ursok Ujvar. tice p. 282, ubovo.
 
 310 
 
 The Turks are not so cheerful about the war as last year, 
 the wisest conceiving it unhappily begun, and the common 
 soldiers running away in great numbers. Letter Book, ii,p. 115. 
 2 pp. Enclosed in the letter to Bennet, but not in S.P. Turkey. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE GRAND DUKE OF TUSCANY. 
 
 1664, April 26. Pera. Informing him at length of the case 
 of Patrick Simpson, recommended to him by the Bang of 
 Poland, and stating that the Dutch merchants have carried the 
 potashes (Simpson's property) to Leghorn. Prays his High- 
 ness to interest himself in the affair. Italian. Ibid. p. 117. 
 2pp. 
 
 RICHARD MOWSSE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, April 26. Smyrna. In obedience to his Excellency's 
 warrant, Dr. Pickering* and Mr. John Broadgate have both 
 promised to appear. Humbly prays that he may not be 
 desired to put any warrants into execution, " the consul 
 being appointed for that purpose, and beyond the limitts 
 of a treasurer." 1 pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1664, April 26. Smyrna. Has written this day by 
 Dr. Pickering. Finds Mr. Broadgate [or Bradgate] very 
 willing to obey his Excellency's warrant, but disenabled by 
 the expence of the journey (which must be at his own charges) 
 and his many infirmities. Heartily wishes that business 
 of this nature had not happened in the consul's absence, 
 as his livelihood depends on his employment as a factor, 
 and his intermeddling with other matters may do him much 
 harm. Mr. Broadgate has been intending to return to England, 
 " having not much reason to bragg of any advantage by his 
 coming abroad," so that a short time would ease his Excellency 
 of all laments. The poor man is much dejected and sorrowful. 
 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1664, April 29. Aleppo. Complaining of the ill-behaviour 
 of their " old Shabender " who, on all occasions, since his last 
 coming from Stamboul, tries to disturb the affairs of the 
 Christians in those parts. He declares he will either ruin the 
 English or be ruined himself; saying that the Grand Signor 
 " is but a young man and understands not his affairs," and 
 when threatened with an appeal to his Excellency, speaks such 
 slighting words as are not fit to be put to paper. His 
 
 * In December, 1663, the Levant Company had written to the Earl of 
 Winchilsea, desiring him to remove from Smyrna " Mr. Pickering, a physician 
 of dissolute life once discharged from his family" (See Cal. S.P. Dom., 1663-4, 
 p. 387). When summoned before the Court at Smyrna, he accused Mr. 
 Bradgate, the " minister," of accusing him falsely, and was judged innocent 
 by the Court. (Ibid. p. 508.)
 
 311 
 
 Excellency is prayed to take some course to prevent the 
 mischief he intends, as otherwise they will be forced to 
 battulate their trade until they have more security. 1J pp. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MORICE to THE EARL OF WENCHILSEA. 
 
 [1664,] May 7. " I have taken the occasion to reflect som 
 light uppon your Excellency in what posture things stande heere, 
 and what have beene our transactions in parliament, wherto 
 you would not willingly be in the darke. At our first meetinge 
 we repealed the act for a triennial parliament, the mode of 
 conceivinge wherof was thought unsuitable to monarchy. 
 We have past a bill for the better conductinge and regulatinge 
 the collection of chymney mony ; som other billes are agreed 
 uppon of common concerne, but the great busines hath beene 
 a vote of the Committee of trade that the indignityes and 
 injuryes offered this nation by the Hollanders is the great 
 obstruction of our trade, and that his Majesty be desired to 
 take such course as his justice and wisdom attended by his 
 power shall direct. The house of Commons concurred with 
 their committee and peeced out then* vote with a protestation 
 that in pursuite of these endes they would stand by the Kinge 
 with their lives and fortunes. The Lordes house agreed and 
 conjoyned with the house of Commons and both waited on 
 the King with a solemne addresse, wherunto next day he sent 
 a gracious answer, thanking them for their care of and inspec- 
 tion into trade, wherein consisted the honor and wealth of the 
 nation, promised to examine the causes and grounds of the 
 complayntes, and where he found cause, to demand satisfaction ; 
 which if it were not given he would prosecute it in such wayes 
 as should be necessary and expedient, wherin he depended 
 uppon their aydes accordinge to their engagement. The 
 warre is already in som sorte begun betweene private adven- 
 turers at Gambia, where captaine Holmes, sett out by the 
 Royal Company, hath taken a forte of 24 gunnes from the 
 Dutch West India Company, and sunke one of their ships. 
 All ships comming from Amsterdam or the Maez are put 
 under regulation and to complete a trientance before they 
 land or unload by reason of the plague at Amsterdam, and 
 Zealand ships are prohibited to unload at all any goods 
 save those consigned to English, having donne som dishonour 
 to the Duke of Yorke by posting up som pretended bills of his 
 which were not his, and had they been so, yet this is only 
 donne in the case of banckrupts, but they have now given 
 satisfaction by inflictinge punishment on the actors, as Holland 
 had donne formerly, but all this tends to breed ill blood 
 betweene the two nations, and are dispositions previous to a 
 disease. There is heere an Imperial Envoy, the Count of 
 Coningsegge [Konigseck], to intercede for succors against the 
 Turke, but nothing wilbe donne to imperil your Excellencyes 
 saftety, or hazard our trade there. . . .
 
 312 
 
 Postscript. " His Majesty hath resolved the parliament shall 
 this day sevenight be prorogued, and intends to demand 
 nothinge of them this session." Holograph. 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, May 17. Smyrna. Arrived safely on the llth inst. 
 His Excellency's commission for the examination of John 
 " Bradgate " has been executed, and the particulars are sent 
 herewith. Is sending him to England, where he may make 
 his answer to the Company. He is still " pertinacious in 
 his way . . . and his carriadge is soe universally obnoxious, 
 none cares for his company." It would be well to send him 
 by the Prudent Mary, as there will be no other passengers 
 upon her, "and that commander will handle him best." 
 
 Thanks his Excellency for his many favours, so nobly and 
 freely bestowed upon him. 1| pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 JOHN FLESHER to THE SAME. 
 
 1664, May 18. Aleppo. Fears that his Excellency has 
 been ill informed of him by Mr. Frampton. Does not owe a 
 penny to him (or to any other) and has always been the more 
 ready of the two to put an end to their difference. 1 p. Seal 
 of arms. 
 
 Also, a letter to Paul Ricaut, on the same subject and of 
 same date. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE COMMISSIONERS OF HIS 
 
 ESTATE. 
 
 1664, May 20. Pera. As to Mr. Walrond, since the Lord 
 Chief Justice and my cousin Solicitor think he should be 
 continued in his employment, I rest satisfied in their judgment ; 
 and since he is " providing me a steward worth 1,OOOZ." I 
 desire he may be a sober person, a gentleman, and of good 
 reputation ; " to such an one, I shall not value 201. or 30Z. 
 a year more than ordinary, as he shall merit." He must 
 ride into Yorkshire, Sussex and other parts as often as necessary, 
 for which end you may give him leave to keep one horse in 
 Eastwell Park and two at Watton, at grass, besides his usual 
 horse in the stable. His constant residence should be at 
 Eastwell, though for the first year his presence may be most 
 useful in the North. Let a survey be made of all my quit- 
 rents, for which purpose the stewards of my manors must 
 warn in juries, and the register thereof be entered in the 
 court-rolls. 
 
 When my cousin Solicitor is too much charged with business 
 " to give you access," I would have you consult with Lord 
 Justice Bridgeman, whose opinion shall be as valid as the 
 other's. 
 
 " At the next Christmas, I would have my son allowed a 
 footman in a plain red livery, and if Mr. Dodson's wife be a
 
 313 
 
 prudent, careful woman, I would have my son Heneage put 
 to school at Wye with his brother, and also to my son Maidstone 
 I would have you yearly allow a suit of clothes extraordinary." 
 Letter Book, ii, p. 120. 2 pp. 
 
 Also, Letter to Amos Walrond, consenting to keep him still in 
 his employment, but urging him to comport himself with such 
 respect to the Duchess [of Somerset] as will enable the Earl 
 to continue him with " the more confidence and cheerfulness." 
 Ibid. p. 119. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, May 25. Aleppo. By a letter of Jan. 18 from Surat 
 I am advised "that a few daies before, a great rebell of the 
 Mogulls unexpectedly surprized Surat, burned downe and 
 destroyed two-thirds of the towne, plundering and carrying 
 away in money, jewels and portable merchandize to the value 
 of above one million of pounds sterling, all in six daies time. 
 The remaining part of the town was protected by the English 
 East India Company's house, in which was 150 merchants 
 and seamen. My packets from the President are not yet come 
 to hand." 
 
 We have letters from London of the 21st of March. " The 
 parliament was then newly convened. . . . The Earle of 
 Bristow privately endeavours to disturbe the peace by making 
 factions. He appeared at his parish church and professed 
 himself a protestant. The affronts lately committed by the 
 Dutch to our trade, both in the East Indies and upon the coast 
 of Guinea, hath much incensed his Majesty. It is conceived 
 we may have another warr with that nation, both sides are 
 fitting out ships, and his Majestic hath ordered Ms magazins 
 to be replenished." 
 
 If the French consul should write about the protection of 
 strangers, the plainer your Excellency replies the better, 
 ' ' because he retaines fancies in his head that the priviledge of 
 protecting strangers belongs only to his King, and that none 
 hath power to alter it." 
 
 Concerning the consulage due to the Company by Philip 
 Strode, deceased, the said Strode died here in Oct. 16GO, 
 leaving Messrs. Stanton and Bishopp his assigns, to whom 
 I gave possession of all his estate, but they have not yet paid 
 anything to the Company. 
 
 As to the difference between Mr. Frampton and Mr. Flesher, 
 the latter affirms that it was adjusted in 1656 at Stamboul. 
 He is a person of worth and credit, and though he came here 
 intending to travel, he has settled himself in this factory. 
 I know he abhors the doing of any unhandsome action, and 
 pray you to have copies of what relates to the business taken 
 out of the Cancellaria, when the truth will appear. 
 
 A vizier called Useph Bassa has arrived here, who has orders 
 from the Grand Signor to ride the circuit of these parts of the 
 Empire, to do justice upon offenders and to force all spam's
 
 3U 
 
 and janissaries to the wars. I have sent him his present, and 
 shall to-morrow pay him a visit. 3 pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, May 27. Aleppo. I had audience yesterday of Useph 
 Bassa, who received me with more kindness and respect than 
 such persons usually give to foreign ministers, and "did often 
 expresse how much the Grand Signor and himself did respect 
 our nation," and promised us his protection. But to-day I 
 hear that he is suddenly to return to Stamboul to be Chimacam 
 there. | p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD CHIEF JUSTICE BRIDGMAN. 
 
 1664, June 1. Pera. Thanking him for his extreme kind- 
 ness in regard to the affairs of one "so long absent and far 
 distant," a kindness which has encouraged him to desire his 
 commissioners to consult his lordship in all matters of import- 
 ance, and (if his cousin Solicitor is too busy to give his aid) 
 to rely wholly upon his sentence. 
 
 And, to show how much he desires to make his lordship's 
 judgment the rule of his life, he prays his resolution in the 
 three following points : 
 
 1. Whether the ambassador is liable to be called to account 
 by the Levant Company for necessary disbursements made 
 for their benefit, but without their particular order? 
 
 2. If so liable, whether his warrant to the treasurer will 
 be "a sufficient plea and bar " to keep the said treasurer 
 indemnified ? 
 
 3. What judicatory power the ambassador has in civil 
 causes between merchant and merchant, and how far his 
 sentence is liable to be annulled in the English Courts upon 
 appeal ? 
 
 He does not send these queries because there is any dispute 
 between himself and the Company, but merely for his own 
 information, and therefore shall keep the answers entirely 
 private, and never make any other use or mention of his 
 lordship's favour. Letter Book, ii, p. 122. 2| pp. 
 
 THE SAME to [DR. HENCHMAN], BISHOP OF LONDON. 
 
 1664, June 1. Pera. "For want of the presence and 
 power of an English bishop whose jurisdiction might reach the 
 clergy of England inhabiting within the dominions of one of 
 the seven churches of Asia, I have adventured, by vertue of 
 that commission his Majestic was pleased to give me, to supply 
 that office my self, by discharging one John Broadgate, Chap- 
 laine to the English factory at Smyrna, from his office there, 
 and embarking him for England to receive farther what 
 ecclesiastical censure your lordship shall thinke fit to impose 
 upon him. An account of his misdemeanours your lordship 
 will receive from the English Consul of that place by the
 
 315 
 
 articles and proofes exhibited and deposed upon oath against 
 him, which though sufficient in themselves to occasion his 
 removall from this foraigne employment, yet I might farther 
 bee induced hereunto by the characters of all that speake of 
 him, which denote him a man of a most imprudent and petulant 
 behaviour, one whose malitious spirit hath begotten those 
 dissentions and want of charity betweene him and his cure 
 as hath caused the neglect of administering the Holy Sacrament 
 at the usuall festi vails of the Church, by which meanes the 
 different sects of Christians in those parts are become scanda- 
 lized and the Church of England dishonoured. Truly my 
 lord it were worthy the pious considerations of my lord of 
 Canterbury and your lordship to supply the foraigne factories 
 with men qualyfyed according to the late Act of Parliament, 
 that so heresy and schisme, which hath with so much care 
 beene endeavoured to bee extirpated out of England, may not 
 by transplantation take the deeper root beyond the seas and 
 so the youth poisoned and infected who otherwise might by 
 advantage of their estates and fortunes gained abroad become 
 excellent instruments of the Church and State. Nor is it only 
 requisite that chaplaines sent into Turkey bee men of orthodox 
 principles according to the doctrine of the Church of England, 
 but also men eminent for piety and prudence ; for having 
 diversitie of religions and persons of various educations and 
 manners to converse with, it is not lesse then necessary to 
 bee supplyed with those whose practise in the world and 
 knowledge of men might procure from all a respect and reputa- 
 tion to our Church. And therefore I beseech your lordship 
 would be pleased to take care that Smyrna be supplyed with 
 such an one. 
 
 " The great respect I have for your lordship makes mee take 
 the greater liberty to advise your lordship herein ; for I have 
 a great confidence in your lordships friendship and a great 
 honour and esteeme of your ecclesiastical! dignitie, and I 
 hope yet to live to returne into England to bee one amongst 
 the rest of my relations who shall professe himselfe an honourer 
 of your lordship, and prosper and succeed the better by 
 the favour of your counceLLs and spirituall benedictions." 
 Letter Book, ii, p. 125. 1 J pp. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, June 10. Smyrna. Yours of 1st June with the 
 warrant for sending John Broadgate home upon the Prudent 
 Mary I have received, and have intimated the same unto him. 
 
 He asked if I would execute it. " I told him, if hee put 
 mee to that extremity and did not yeeld due obedience there- 
 unto, I should use more severity in executing it then hee 
 was aware of." 
 
 I pray that Mr. Ricaut may write to Captain Woodgreene 
 to receive him, as the captain seems a little scrupulous, 
 " saying hee was a factious, dangerous person, and might make
 
 316 
 
 some disturbance in his shipp. ... If the parson make 
 resistance, he shall know I am consul of the place." I shall 
 write to the Bishop of London and the Company, and send 
 them copies of the depositions. 
 
 " Here is flying reports of a likelihood of warr with Holland 
 . . . and Mr. Daniel Edwards writes his brother that the 
 Parliament of England are resolved to assist the King . . . 
 with their lives and estates, and have sent him their vote to 
 that effect." If pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to WILLIAM Mico. 
 
 1664, June 11. Pera. Desiring him to send two dozen 
 pairs of white Italian gloves, two pounds of " camphire," 
 and one pound of oil of petrol for fireworks. Also to pro- 
 vide him yearly " four chests of red Florence " which is the 
 only wine of Italy that pleases him. Letter Book, ii, p. 126. 
 JP- 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENRY BENNET. 
 
 1664, June 11. Pera. A letter on Turkish affairs of which 
 the original is in S.P. Turkey. Ibid. p. 126. 1 p. 
 
 Enclosing, 
 
 Paper of Intelligence (also in S.P. Turkey), in which the 
 
 following passage occurs : 
 
 " The latter end of this month the Grand Signer had by 
 one of his women a sonne borne, for the joy of which seven 
 dayes and nights were appointed for a continued festivall. 
 At this solemnitie severall fireworkes being represented 
 before the Grand Signer, a rocket fired by a Jew who 
 was one of the masters of this worke had the misfortune 
 to light neere the person of the Grand Signer, whereupon 
 amidst ah 1 this mirth, the poore Jew was immediately 
 condemned to receive 80 blowes on the soles of his 
 feet and to bee afterwards hanged. The birth of this 
 young Prince is judged to contribute much to the 
 establishment and safety of this present Emperour 
 and his mother, against whom the souldiery and people 
 beganne lately to murmure, as fearing the extinction 
 of the Ottomane family. For whilst his two brothers 
 were under close custody and debarred from the meanes 
 of having issue, and the Grand Signor esteemed in- 
 capable of posterity, a few yeares would terminate that 
 whole line." Ibid. p. 128. If p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENRY BENNET. 
 
 1664, June 11. Pera. Sends a letter from the Prince of 
 Transilvania. but cannot imagine how he can suppose that 
 the intercession of a Christian prince would prevail at the 
 Ottoman Court in his behalf, or relieve Transilvania from 
 her miseries, especially as the Prince is esteemed an "absolute 
 minion " of the Turk. Prays to know how he is to be supplied
 
 317 
 
 with money if war breaks out with the Dutch and he has to 
 go to Adrianople. Letter Book, ii, p. 130. 1 p. [Original in 
 S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA to LORD TREASURER 
 SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1664, June 11. " . . . This night I have received advice 
 that his Majesty is likely speedily to be engaged in a war with 
 Holland. In case it be so, I wish I had orders to go to 
 Adrianople when I find it convenient, and that there were 
 some orders taken for monies, because the Company still 
 demands of me the charges of the last voyage. My being there 
 sometimes may be of great use to his Majesty's affairs and to 
 them ... I leave this to the consideration and wisdom of 
 your lordship, earnestly desiring your lordship to remember 
 Mr. Secretary Bennett to return me a speedy answer to this 
 proposition, which I have but in brief acquainted him with." 
 Ibid. p. 131. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, June 17. Smyrna. Our parson continues very 
 troublesome, and declares that " he is the Company's minister, 
 and that neither your Excellencie or consul hath anything to 
 doe with him ; . . . hee is the great compania of the Dutch 
 padre, and communicates all unto him, and now wee are like 
 to have warr with them may injure the Levant Company 
 by telling whatever hee heares, more than his head is worth 
 10,000 times. . . . He hath got 200 dollars gratuity paid 
 him, which the Levant Company formerly promised him, and 
 if you send a janizary downe to see him safe on board, hee 
 may pay his charges, and hee comes off well, having formerly 
 slighted your Excellencies warrant, and will doe as much to 
 this if not forcibly compelled. ..." 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD TREASURER 
 SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1664, June 24. Pera. Your lordship will remember that 
 last year I was ordered by his Majesty to Adrianople, which 
 journey occasioned some extraordinary expenses. His Majesty 
 was pleased to approve of my negotiations, but judged the 
 charges to belong to the Turkey Company, as he signified to 
 them by his letters. 
 
 The Company, however, still make demands upon me, 
 " accusing me for laying my hand upon their treasury without 
 their consent," and declaring that they look on me as their 
 debtor for it.* There are only two ways to acquit me of 
 these demands ; either that, by your lordship's powerful 
 intercession with his Majesty, the money may become satisfied 
 
 * See the Company's letter of Pec. 23, 1663 (Cal. S.P. Dom., under that 
 date).
 
 318 
 
 from the Exchequer, or else, if there be no hopes of that, that 
 your lordship would summon the Governor and some of the 
 Assistants before you, to represent to them the resentment 
 you have of the continuance of their demands on me, after 
 his Majesty hath so clearly signified his pleasure therein. It 
 would be no strange or new example for the Turky merchants 
 to bee put to charges in the affaires of Tunis and Algier ; the 
 president whereof is notorious in the Turkish history, particu- 
 larized in the 4th article propounded by Sir Thomas Roe from 
 King James to Sultan Osman, for punishing those of Tunis 
 and Algier, or else that the King his master, with his allies, 
 would raise an army and punish them. . . . The like pro- 
 position and complaint hee made to Sultan Morat, ... as 
 your lordship may read more at large in the Turkish history 
 in the raigne of Sultan Morat. And had the court beene at 
 Adrianople in those dayes, these negotiations must in like 
 manner have been treated there. 
 
 "The Turkey Companie further complaine of my sending 
 messengers, as a custome lately taken up. Your lordship 
 will also find in the Turkish history, that Sir Thos. Roe sent 
 one Robert Roe, in the same nature as I sent my secretary, 
 by the Grand Signer's order, who saved the Companie (in the 
 message he brought), a considerable summ ; for being otherwise 
 intended to have been committed to the charge of a Turkish 
 officer, the rewards and presents hee would have expected 
 would have amounted to a treble value. Likewise Sir Thomas 
 Bendyshe made a journy to Adrianople, to carry some orders 
 from Cromwell to the Grand Signor, which was allowed by the 
 Companie and which they never durst so much as dispute. 
 Nor was the spending of a great summ thought amisse of by 
 the Companie for sending away Sir Henry Hide, the lawfull 
 Embassador from his Majestie, and sending two witnesses 
 against him into England to take away his life. These latter 
 I speake to your lordship in great privacy and confidence, 
 to give your lordship a true character of the temper of the 
 Companie, which your lordship may make use of as you see 
 occasion. And seeing these cases are not muche different 
 from mine, wherein there wanted not expences which in those 
 dayes were placed to the Companie's account, I cannot but 
 with very much discontent read their letters to mee on this 
 subject, wherein they allwayes condemne mee in the expence 
 without regard to his Majestie's commands herein, his approba- 
 tion since, or any other reasons to the contrary. 
 
 " Your lordship may bee pleased farther to adde that they 
 ought to treat mee with a little more respect and ceremony in 
 their letters then they usually doe, for I protest to your 
 lordship that some times their letters runne in such a stile as 
 a tutour or guardian would scarce correct his pupill with, in 
 the yeares of his minoritie. And thus when they shall see that 
 my interest is supported by so potent favour as your lordship's 
 is at home, they will for the future owne mee with more respect
 
 319 
 
 and referre as much voluntarily to mee as they have entrusted 
 to other Embassadors. It is unreasonable to imagine that 
 during the absence of the Court from this place, but in processe 
 of time some accidents or occasions must happen which for the 
 Turky Companies concernments must call mee theither, in 
 which case I have declared to them plainely that notwithstand- 
 ing all the cautions they have given mee to the contrary, I 
 judge myself obliged to prevent as farre as I can any actions 
 which may tend to a breach of our capitulations. And because 
 these actions happen suddainly and unawares, before advices 
 can bee given or returned from England, I must bee forced 
 to make use of their mony to defray the extraordinary charges 
 without their consent, unlesse I would expose their estates to 
 those dangers which former dayes tell sad and melancholy 
 stories of. And this hath beene the custome of all Embassadors 
 of this place. And it is not only expresse and particular 
 businesse that should call mee to the Court, for some times it 
 may bee policy to preserve the interest and power of the 
 English Embassador to appeare at the Court, by which meanes 
 hee creates friends and discountenances enemies. 
 
 " For truly, my lord, it is difficult now to walke in the 
 beaten path of other Embassadors, for things are greatly 
 changed from former dayes. The Grand Signer himself is more 
 humoursome and extravagant then other Emperours have 
 beene, his residence is at Adrianople and I at a distance, his 
 ministers are forced to bee more corrupt by reason that their 
 offices are purchased at high rates and presents, and entertain- 
 ments exacted daily from them by the Grand Signor, so that 
 Viziers and Bashawes rob and spoyle the people to live them- 
 selves and pay their duties. And in former times their judges 
 had pensions, and offices were not exposed to sale, but merit 
 and deserts acquired the honours. The allowances also of this 
 embassie from the Grand Signor were more large, by which 
 meanes cmbassadors could live more splendidly and contract 
 a greater honour and respect from the Turkes to their office, 
 who of all people are guided most by the outward appearance. 
 
 " But, my lord, it would bee worth considering that if any 
 great overtures should present either of peace or warre in 
 this place and should bee offered to his Majestic for mediation, 
 who then should beare the charge of my journey and extra- 
 ordinary expences. I cannot persuade myself his Majestic 
 would have those occasions slighted, nor would thinke it 
 reasonable that out of the small allowance I have, the charge, 
 besides the paines, should happen upon mee. Nor is it just 
 that the Turky Companie should support a greater burden 
 then what is in order to the benefit and promotion of their 
 trade. In cases of this nature, I beseech your lordship's 
 advice ; for according thereunto I am resolved to governe 
 and regulate myself. And that this embassie hath beene 
 formerly a scene of great actions there are many evident and 
 cleare examples. Sir Edward Barton in the dayes of Queene
 
 320 
 
 Elizabeth mediated the peace between Sultan Amurath the 
 3rd. and Sigismond, King of Poland, and also attended the 
 Grand Signer in his warres in Hungary. Sir Thomas Roe 
 propounded to Sultan Osman the mediation of the peace 
 betweene the Grand Signer and the kingdome of Poland, 
 which afterwards in the time of Sultan Mustapha was by the 
 assistance of the same Embassador concluded, and, in a letter 
 of the Polish Embassador's, attributed to his good management 
 and success. Severall other examples there are of great actions 
 performed by the English Embassadours of this place, and I 
 doe not despaire but the like accidents may happen in my 
 dayes, which I question not by God's help and the favour of 
 your lordship to performe with as much honour and successe 
 as was ever acted by any of my predecessours. 
 
 " My lord, I am sure I have now sufficiently tyred your 
 lordship. The freeclome your lordship hath formerly given 
 mee and the great esteeme I have of your wisdome and the 
 confidence I repose in your favour must plead my excuse for 
 this importunitie and trouble." Letter Book, ii, p. 132. 6 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE COMMISSIONERS OF HIS 
 
 ESTATES. 
 
 1664, June 24. Pera. Next to the putting away of Throg- 
 morton and Acklam and supplying their places, I desire that 
 nurseries shall be formed, both in Kent and Yorkshire, of such 
 trees as are " most profitable and delightful," viz : oaks, ash, 
 elms, chestnuts, with some fruit trees and fir trees ; also "good 
 numbers of abell trees [white poplars] which [you] may 
 procure out of Flanders, by assistance of Sir Arnold Brames 
 or some other merchant about my ponds in Kent, and lands 
 at Watton, will be a speedy and rising profit." Good hedgers 
 also will be needed for Watton. The best of these are to be 
 had out of Hartfordshire or thereabouts, and they may instruct 
 many others in good husbandry. If any carters or plough men 
 are needed, it were best to take southern men, even though 
 their wages are greater, "for besides that they are better 
 husbands and more industrious than the northern, they will 
 serve to be good spies," and will be an addition to the number 
 of the tenants. They may live in the Abbey until better 
 provision be made for them. On my return I intend to " build 
 some farms," for about 100Z. apiece, of brick and stone, and 
 with tiled roofs ; " some scattering cottages may also be 
 useful," and in the town, a good inn. I am confident "that 
 having the best built farms, and those not at great rents, I 
 may have choice of the best tenants." In case I find it may 
 be profitable, I shall beg his Majesty's licence to keep a market 
 at Watton once or twice a week, and two fairs in the year, 
 and "may be farther induced to lay out 1,OOOL or more to 
 make a market place, and build shops and good houses, and 
 contrive some way whereby to invite tradesmen, handycrafts 
 and other useful inhabitants to live there."
 
 321 
 
 I am well pleased with the beginnings of the plantations 
 at Eastwell, and wish for the like on my other estates in Kent 
 and Sussex. You will do well also to provide some colts and 
 mares, which are best had in the North, "the most ordinary of 
 which may run in my waste grounds in the North, and the 
 others in my park, that so I may find my stables well filled 
 at my return, which will save me a great deal of money, for 
 I must have at least in my stable and park thirty serviceable 
 saddle horses, beside coach-horses and cart-horses, and this 
 I account will also be more honourable than taking in of 
 joycements " [qy. agistments]. 
 
 If the woods in my park cannot otherwise be preserved, the 
 red deer must be destroyed. 
 
 [The rest of the letter is in relation to his sending of moneys, 
 and the purposes for which they are to be employed, the 
 first being for "the payment of clamorous debts of poor 
 tradesmen, especially such as are not upon interest."] Letter 
 Book ii, p. 137. 3 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1664, June 24." ... All matters (I thank God) relating 
 to my office and employment succeed in their usual, happy 
 and unaltered course. The Turkey Company and I have 
 nothing of difference or discontent, except only the demands 
 they make on me for the last expences of Adrianople, . . . 
 and since the Company hath chosen you an arbitrator in all 
 cases of difference between them and me, I am wholly con- 
 tented to commit the umpirage of this very dispute to your 
 decision, and doubt not in the least of your sentence in my 
 behalf, who are so well acquainted with the laws of England, 
 the duties of ambassadors . . . and affairs in Turkey." I 
 pray you to make them sensible how ill-becoming it is in all 
 their letters to beat on this subject, with harsh expressions 
 tending only to abridge my power to assist and promote their 
 trade. Ibid. p. 139. 1| pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE BISHOP OF LONDON. 
 
 1664, June 24. Pera. Sends copy of letter of June 1. 
 
 I cannot but further in relation to our Church acquaint 
 your lordship "how into these parts and all the world which 
 is knowne to our English navigation, the schismes and factions 
 wee have at home extends it self. For commonly the captaines 
 and masters of merchants ships being men ill affected and of 
 different principles from the Church of England, make choice 
 of mates, pursers and chirurgions of the like temper ; and 
 amongst so many some happening to bee of nimble tongues, 
 goe under the notion of gifted men, and so preach and corrupt 
 the ignorant companie that sailes with them. Against such 
 pestilent and dangerous persons I have given sufficient cautions 
 in all consulates and parts of any jurisdiction, and it would bee 
 
 Wt. 29495. FI 21
 
 322 
 
 worth your Lordship's consideration and labour, in consulta- 
 tion with those who have a particular charge of preserving 
 soundnesse in the doctrine of the Church, to contrive some 
 meanes to prevent the transportation of these apostles into 
 the dominions of his Majestic and to correct heresie not only 
 in the houses but in the ships of England. And so praying 
 to God to blesse your lordship's labours and endeavours in the 
 Church, I crave your lordship's benediction." Letter Book, ii, 
 p. 141. 1 p. 
 
 EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR WILLIAM MORICE. 
 
 1664, June 24. Pera. As I relate all things fully to Sir 
 Henry Bennet, I know you cannot fail to be advised of all 
 particulars, but will now, for your better information, give you 
 a taste of some points concerning the present state of this 
 empire. 
 
 " The war with the Emperor of Germanie is by the serious 
 and most juditious amongst the Turkes concluded to bee 
 commenced at a time inauspitious and unfortunate, and 
 founded without just and lawfull grounds. The reason of 
 the first is the extravagant humour of the Grand Signor, who 
 being given chiefely up to his pleasure, hath as yet showne 
 no such symptomes of a warlike disposition as might promise 
 a victorious end to so difficult a warre. The men also of 
 great and generous spirits, good souldiers and ambitious to 
 performe great enterprises, are much failed in this empire, 
 by reason that Cuperli Vizier, the father of this at present, had, 
 to preserve himself, massacred all whom hee judged to 
 entertaine great and aspiring thoughts. The spahees likewise 
 of the remoter parts of Asia growing poore and wanting the 
 usuall allowances which use to bee given them by the Grand 
 Signor to furnish them to the warres, are not able to provide 
 their horses and armes, by which meanes great numbers 
 absenting themselves, the Turkes army is much inferiour to 
 those multitudes which former histories tell us of. How little 
 ground the Grand Signor had to quarrell with the Emperour 
 I conceive you may bee better informed than I, and have a 
 more particular account of the summ of the severall treaties. 
 Yet it is worth your consideration that the differences betweene 
 these two great Princes arose at a time when there was one 
 Kathya to the first Vizier (which is as much as his steward or 
 assistant) who pretended to have a singular inspection into the 
 state and affaires of Christendome, a man of an active and 
 speculative braine, and as to what I guesse by some converse 
 I have had with him, hee alone chiefely filled the Court with 
 high expectations of the successe of this warre. 
 
 ' The Grand Signor hath now a sonne by one of his 
 women, by which meanes hee is confirmed with more safetie 
 in his government. For lately the souldiery and people 
 beganne to murmure, as fearing the extinction of the Ottoman 
 family. . , .
 
 323 
 
 " The Turkes, as naturally inclined to hearken to predictions 
 and to bee superstitious in the observation of all unusuall 
 accidents, make various interpretations on two severall things 
 within a few dayes happened here. One is that crosse the 
 moone on the Whitsun eve at night when neere the full was 
 scene a sword as it were dividing the body of it. Another 
 stranger wonder was a fiery meteor in the forme of a lance of 
 a deep red colour which was on the 19th of this month at 
 night scene by severall of my servants in the fields (I being 
 then at my country house) to come from the westward, which 
 being carried through the aire with great violence came at 
 last to fall in the garden of the Grand Signer's Seraglio at 
 Constantinople, and in the sight of many of that city there to 
 vanish and spend its self. The interpretation of these signes 
 I leave to the Turkes, or to those who pretend more to the 
 prophetick spirit then I doe. 
 
 " The intelligence from the frontiers I shall not venture to 
 acquaint you with, who must doubtlesse receive them more 
 certaine and fresh then wee can have them here ; and therefore 
 shall for the present give you no farther interuption then to 
 assure you of the great esteeme I maintaine for you, and shall 
 not farther enlarge by reason of some distemper I have upon 
 mee of heat and feaver." Letter Book, ii, p. 141. 3 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to M. BARON, French Consul 
 
 at Aleppo. 
 
 1664, June 25. Pera. Is very glad to learn of the conclusion 
 of the business of Fouke to the satisfaction of both parties. 
 When his Christian Majesty demands of him his reasons touch- 
 ing the protection of the foreigners, he does not doubt to 
 give satisfactory ones. Ibid. p. 144. Italian. \ p. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, June 27. Smyrna. " ... I doubt I shall give your 
 Excellencie some further trouble about the padre [Bradgate] 
 who, as I am informed, is told by some that your power will 
 not extend to send him home " ; however, I shall endeavour 
 to execute your warrant, and hope to receive the warrant to 
 the Captain to take him aboard. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1664, June 29. Aleppo. Letters from India confirm that 
 most of Sir Abraham Shipman's soldiers are dead, and that 
 without speedy recruit he will be much straitened. "The 
 King of India, for the valour the English showed in defending 
 their house at Surat, when all others suffered themselves to 
 be destroyed," hath taken off halfe the customs formerly paid 
 by them, and sent the President a horse and a surpaw. 
 
 The Dutch with a great fleet "indeavoured their regaining 
 of their beautifull island of Formosa, but were repulsed by
 
 324 
 
 Coxen, the Gran Chinche's pyratt, who forced them to return 
 to Battavia with shame and losse." It is reported that Coxen 
 has taken Manilla, and is gone against the Molucco islands ; 
 that he intends to stop up the straits there and hinder the 
 Dutch from trading to Japan. 
 
 Sir John Lawson has had good success at Algier, where the 
 18 English ships, with their men, taken by the pirates, have 
 been restored to him ; but on their refusing to restore the 
 goods, he declared open war, and has burnt and sunk three 
 of their ships and taken a man of war. 
 
 A most unhappy loss has happened at Tangier, where the 
 Governor [Lord Teviot] and 600 men, going out to bring in 
 wood for the winter, were surprised by the Moors and all 
 cut off, three only escaping back to Tangier with the sad 
 news. 
 
 At the zinny kept here for the birth of the Grand Signer's 
 son, I lent our Musselem, at his earnest request, two pieces 
 of cloth to adorn his gate, which he hath been so uncivil as 
 not to return, telling my druggerman that he had occasion 
 for some ; " which by no meanes I shall not permit, for if 
 once granted it will be a president alwaies hereafter." 2| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR H. FINCH. 
 
 1664, July 2. Pera. Since I heard from your brother of 
 your ill-condition of health, I have been in melancholy appre- 
 hension, and a ship being now come direct from London without 
 a letter from you, I should fear that your distemper was 
 increased, but that the silence of my other letters " in a matter 
 of so common an importance and concernment, is an argument 
 of your health and welfare . . . Whilst I have been in these 
 cares for you, I have not well escaped myself, for I have, for 
 the space of ten days, been greatly afflicted with a fever, but 
 at this present (I praise God), I have some remission of it." 
 I understand that the difference between the Company and 
 Sir Thomas Bendyshe is referred to you and Sir Edmond 
 Hotshins [Hoskins], and doubt not but that you will determine 
 it with such caution " as that your judgment prejudice not that 
 authority which I must necessarily exercise in performance of 
 my commission," and that I become not liable to a new rule 
 and an unknown law. 
 
 " I have had some thoughts of marrying my son with Mrs. 
 Browne, a young gentlewoman in Kent, whose age and fortune 
 might make a proper wife for him. and though they are both 
 young . . . yet because I hear she hath already many suitors, 
 and know that such matches are not always to be procured, I 
 could wish that something were proposed in order hereunto, in 
 that manner as may not oblige me, and yet may keep those 
 that have the care of her in expectations, and hinder the enter- 
 tainments of other matches, until such time as is fit for me to 
 return and my son to mairy." Letter Bool", ii, p. 145. 2 pp.
 
 325 
 
 THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA to SIR JOIIN LAWSON. 
 
 1664, July 2. Pera. Has received the account of his 
 fortunate and politic proceedings with the Algerines, which 
 " had been an extraordinary joy, had it not been allayed by 
 the sad and fatal news from Tangier." 
 
 Has not failed to tell the chief ministers of the little esteem 
 shown to the Grand Signer's ratification of the peace and of 
 the people's perfidiousness and breach of faith ; "to which 
 they give ear but make but little reply, by reason that being 
 unable, at this distance, to curb and reach that unruly people," 
 they are ashamed to take notice of the neglect shown. 
 
 Looks upon the Algerines as the most perfidious people in the 
 world, and believes it is but lost labour to endeavour to reduce 
 them to the maintenance of articles which they will only 
 keep so long as the English squadron is near their coast. 
 Letter Book, ii, p. 148. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to DR. BARGRAVE. 
 
 1664, July 2. Will make the best inquiries he can, at 
 Corinth and other places, for the gentleman he mentions, 
 Mr. William Voysey, and if he is found, will endeavour his 
 ransom. Since Mr. Fotherby has engaged for the repayment 
 thereof, will depend upon his word, " for what otherwise, on 
 the score of charity " he would freely have endeavoured. 
 Ibid. p. 147. p. 
 
 Also, A letter to the same effect to Charles Fotherby. Ibid, 
 p. 147. p. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, July 11. Smyrna. Yesterday in the evening Mr. 
 John Broadgate embarked upon the Prudent Mary. " He 
 was somewhat long in considering what to doc, but perceiving 
 my resolutions were to execute your warrant, he submitted." 
 I have sent a copy of the depositions to the Bishop of London, 
 with a short character, referring him for further knowledge 
 to St. John's College, Cambridge, ''where hee was turned out 
 of his fellowshipp, and dismist the Colledge. I beseech your 
 Excellencie to follow him with letters to all friends, for hee 
 thinks to returne triumphantly. I have beene troubled with 
 two evills att once, the parson and my gout ; beeing now 
 rid of one, I shall soone recover of the other." 1 p. Seal 
 of arms. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1664, July 13. Smyrna. Our troublesome parson, as I 
 wrote on the llth by Mr. Travis, embarked himself on the 
 Prudent Mary, not giving me the trouble I suspected he 
 would. " I suppose his continuall jarring with the factory, 
 and beeing dayly baited by them, made him glad to bee gone ;
 
 though some . . . seemed at last to court him." 1 p. Seal 
 of arms. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, July 14. The Musselem has restored my cloth, 
 " without craving any pikes." Next day I sent him the letter 
 from Adrianople concerning our old Shabender, upon which he 
 sent for the Shabender at a full divan, " and there caused the 
 Chimacam's letter to be read, reproving the Shabender for 
 what was past, and threatening him and all others if they 
 should dare to disturb our affaires for the time to come." 
 These letters will make the ministers more cautious in delaying 
 to do us justice, and frighten those who would interrupt our 
 affairs ; for which benefits we all return your Excellency 
 hearty thanks. 
 
 " After twenty days sicknesse it hath pleased God to take 
 out of this world Mr. Taylor of Smyrna, who departed this 
 life the 10th present. ... Mr. Wigly, his companion and 
 fellow pilgrim to the Holy Land, intends in few dayes to 
 return for Smyrna " and in his way to kiss your Excellency's 
 hands. 1 pp. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 1664, July 16. Smyrna. Concerning the stopping of some 
 goods consigned from Leghorn by Mr. Henry Browne 
 and Co. to Messrs. White and Barnardiston by the Dutch 
 Consul, under pretence of their bearing the stamp of the 
 Prince of Orange. 1 pp. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 1664, July 30. " ... As for the account of your time 
 and studyes, I hope it will be such when I see you that I may 
 not be discouraged to trust your younger brother in your 
 company, of whose time I expect a severe account, and rely 
 much upon your example. But I must despayr of you both 
 till you come to this perfection to choose study as the best 
 entertaynment of your time. For while nothing but the 
 fear of my displeasure or your Tutor's keeps you there, I am 
 sure you cannot profit by it. ... My service to your tutor. 
 God keep you." | p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE EARL OF SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1664, Aug. 13. Pera. My "great distemper of a strong 
 fever " has interrupted both my tongue and my pen ; but 
 now, thank God, I am returned to my former health. 
 
 [Concerning the dismissal of Bradgate and the importance 
 of having orthodox and pious chaplains, as in the letter to the 
 Bishop of London, p. 314 above.] " But because the companies 
 of merchants in England, which commonly are for the major 
 part composed of factious members, will, upon right of presenta- 
 tion, neither admit of the approbation or testimony of the
 
 327 
 
 Bishop in the election of their apostles, it would be necessary 
 that his Majesty should declare none capable of being sent or 
 received in any foreigne factories but such as are accompanied 
 with the testimonialls of some of the Bishops, which is no more 
 an impeachment to the right of presentation the companies 
 can pretend to, then the patron of a living who is obliged to 
 present one qualyfied according to the late limitations of 
 Parliament. And in this cause I have beene more large with 
 your lordship by reason that my chaplaine at present here 
 being desirous to returne into England I may bee supplyed 
 with none but such as bee capable of this office by the law and 
 accomplished with that pietie and discretion as is no lesse 
 then necessary in a place of such diversitie of religions and 
 sects, which 'for the honour of our Church require a man of 
 more then ordinary endowments and prudence. I have 
 wrote to the Turky Companie to provide mee a chaplaine, 
 but one qualyfied with the former cautions. And this your 
 lordship may be pleased to note, not as from mee, but as a 
 common complaint of the forraigne factories, especially that of 
 Hamburgh, which may deserve your lordship's farther enquire." 
 
 As for affairs here, the Turks, upon relieving Kanlsia and 
 taking the new fort of Count Serini, " were greatly raised to a 
 high conceit of their own prosperitie and successe " ; to which 
 being added the surrender of Zekelhyd to the Prince of 
 Transylvania, they "scarce think they can lose any honour." 
 The Grand Signor is now wholly resolved to change his 
 imperial seat to Adrianople. The reason was supposed to be 
 his delight in hunting, but now he has declared plainly that 
 " the violence offered his father there [in Constantinople] and 
 the records of the mutinies and rebellions of that place, fatall 
 to his predecessors, have created in him not only a dislike but 
 such a terrour thereof, that hee will sooner bee the first to set fire 
 to Constantinople and his owne Seraglio " than consent ever to 
 return there." 
 
 Upon the late news of a defeat given by Count Susa [Souches] 
 to the Turks [on July 9, near Lewa], their pride is somewhat 
 abated, and they fear the recovery of Newhausell and 
 Novigrade by the Christians. If the forces of the Vizier 
 should also meet with defeat, either the Grand Signor will 
 be forced to a dishonourable peace, or (the Vizier having 
 been put to death, or at least displaced), a new Vizier will, 
 for his own safety, persuade the Grand Signor in person 
 to continue the war. Letter Book, ii, p. 150. 3 pp. 
 
 Also, A letter to Bennet of the same date and on the 
 same subjects, the original of which is in S.P. Turkey. 
 Ibid. p. 156. 3| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE DUCHESS OF ORLEANS. 
 
 1664, Aug. 13. Pera. Acknowledging the honour of her 
 most gracious letter, and joyfully embracing the opportunity 
 of assuring her of his duty and reverence.
 
 328 
 
 It is part of his instructions from his royal master to protect 
 to the utmost the Christian cause in general, and since her 
 Royal Highness's commands commend to his particular care 
 certain religious persons, he has a double duty incumbent on 
 him, and hopes the succour and protection he is able to afford 
 them may answer her Highness's expectations and demonstrate 
 his obedience. Letter Book, ii, p. 154. f p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD HOLLES, Ambassador 
 
 at Paris. 
 
 1664, Aug. 13. Pera. I have to-day received a letter from 
 Madame, to which I at once send an answer. I have given my 
 best help to such of the French nation as have in particular 
 requested my good offices, but one Roboli here having been 
 deputed by the last ambassador, and styling himself resident 
 and agent for his most Christian Majesty though not himself 
 capable to give protection to the subjects of France, is yet able to 
 contradict any design I may have for the good of that nation. 
 
 "The argument your lordship produces in defence of the 
 King of France, if questioned by the Turks for his assistance 
 given the Emperor, is doubtless sound and satisfactory in any 
 nation where is reason or humanity ; but how the invasion the 
 French this year make on Barbary is to be salved with the 
 agreement of their capitulations, will be of more difficulty 
 than I can speedily resolve. Perhaps the Turks may think 
 it not time at present to take notice of it, and so the merchants 
 be more easily secured, for which Christian work, as occasion 
 serves, I shall neither be remiss by words or letters." 
 
 The Turks are greatly swelled with the pride of their successes, 
 and their insolencies to the Christians would now proceed to 
 an insufferable burden, were not their spirits somewhat abated 
 \yy the defeat given their forces before Lewa by Count Susa. 
 
 I heartily thank you for your recommendation of Mr. Smith 
 to the Holland ambassador in Paris. If peace be continued, 
 I am confident that both law and common justice will give 
 sentence in his favour, "and if, by the breach of war, his 
 right be confiscated, this injustice will be an addition to the 
 sins of Holland, amongst the injuries and other depredations 
 they have made on the subjects of England." Ibid, 
 p. 155. 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to SIGNOR Gio. BATTISTA BALARINO. 
 
 1664, Aug. 17-27. Pera. Thanking him for taking Signer 
 Gobbatto again into favour. Italian. Ibid. p. 160. 
 
 [There is another letter on the same subject, dated Sept. 
 13-23. Ibid. p. 164.] 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 1664, Aug. 17. Smyrna.- I have told Capt. Penney, of 
 the William and Mary, of your warrant to levy 165 dollars
 
 329 
 
 upon him. He seemed ignorant of the business, but hoped 
 he might make application to your Excellency. 
 
 " Wee are here in a sickly condition, having lost two of our 
 factory, Mr. Lucy and Mr. Goodwin, who departed this life 
 last Tuesday. Mr. Weymouth Carew lyes desperately sicke 
 but hopes of amendment. I thanke God I continue in health, 
 for the preservation of which ... I intend to goe for Scio 
 upon the Rose, with Mr. Joseph Edwards and Mr. Langley and 
 one or two more." 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 ANDREA [RIDOLFI] BISHOP OF CALAMINA to THE EARL OP 
 WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, [Aug. 22-]Sept. 1. Pera. Expressing his joy at the 
 liberation of Monsignor Soffiano, Bishop of Scio, at Adrianople, 
 and his gratitude for his Excellency's great kindness to himself, 
 in receiving him into his house and supplying him with all 
 necessaries, with so much cordiality that if he had the tongue 
 of a Demosthenes he could not express the least part of it. 
 Italian. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to MONSIGNOR F. ANDREA RIDOLFI, 
 Bishop of Calamina, Vicar Apostolic and Suffragan 
 Patriarch of Constantinople. 
 
 1664, Aug. 23. Yarlichioi. With much comfort of soul I 
 have received the news of the liberation of the [Latin] Bishop 
 of Scio, and learn that that matter is now happily concluded. 
 It is a great joy to me to understand that your Eminence 
 found a refuge in my house, which will ever remain the more 
 blessed by the abode there of so holy a prelate. My absence 
 at my villa will have prevented you being received with the 
 attention due to you, but I console myself with the thought 
 that the religion of St. Fremcis prefers a poor and meanly 
 furnished table, with sincerity of heart, to plenty and abundance 
 accompanied by worldly pomp and corruption, and I render 
 you hearty thanks for having thus honoured my house. Letter 
 Book, ii, p. 160. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, Aug. 26. Aleppo. Letters of the 4th of April from 
 Sir George Oxenden, President at Surat, tell me that since 
 their taking of Couchin the Dutch lay claim to the trade of 
 the whole coast, not permitting the natives to trade in their 
 staple commodities, nor to carry pepper to Surat or any other 
 parts to the northward. This they do "to make pepper as 
 sure their owne as their Spice Islands." Our ship, the Hopewell, 
 has returned without her lading of pepper from Porcat. where 
 we have an English factory, the Dutch having threatened that 
 King with utter destruction, if he lets anyone have pepper 
 but themselves.
 
 330 
 
 Capt. Stevens, of the Chestnut pink, now at Basora, writes 
 that he came from Angidiva on March 14 by order of Sir 
 Abraham Shipman, whom he left very weak, there being no 
 commission officers alive save one ensign, and not above 130 
 out of 400 soldiers. 
 
 At Swallow-mareene a great fly-boat from Japan brought the 
 Dutch the ill-tidings of the loss of five of their great ships, 
 each one worth upwards of 75,000 pounds. They are now 
 making war upon the King of Siam. 
 
 The Queen of Acheene fears they intend to take some of her 
 ports of Sumatra, and has written to our President desiring 
 him to send a person of quality to treat with her. He has 
 appointed Mr. Henry Gary, who has been there before and 
 procured many privileges for the East India Company, and 
 doubtless will do the like again. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL or WINCHTLSEA to LORD JUSTICE BRIDGEMAN. 
 
 1664, Aug. 29. Pera. I hear from good hands that Mr. 
 Walrond does not discharge my debts as money comes in, " but 
 keeps it by him either to make his own benefit on the interest, 
 or, working on the necessities of poor men, causes a good part 
 of the debt to be remitted unto him ; by which means my 
 debts upon interest are prolonged, and I disgraced in others 
 as if paid upon composition." I pray you to discover the 
 truth of the matter. Letter Book, ii, p. 161. 1 p. 
 
 MONSIEUR BARON, French Consul at Aleppo, to THE EARL OF 
 
 WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, [Aug. 29-] Sept 8. Aleppo. Colonel Deti is at Tripoli, 
 waiting to go to Damascus. He sent to me for some money, 
 which I let him have, and assure you, that from respect to 
 you, he shall receive attention wherever he passes, if there 
 are any French there. The affair of the Sieur Fouk was ended 
 at Cyprus, as you know, but now the procurator of M. Picquet, 
 my predecessor, desires me to stay certain moneys in the 
 hands of deputies from Cyprus, for the rent of the three or 
 four years that the Sieur Fouk was consul there. As we who 
 are in office must be most careful to do justice to those who 
 demand it I have stayed the money, and give you notice 
 thereof. As to the order of my master which fell into my 
 hands some time ago, I have not published it, as it did not 
 come directly from him. It was issued when the Comte de 
 Brienne was still Secretary of State, and sent to M. Bermond, 
 consul at Cairo, who, however, did not use it. French. 4 pp. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE SAME. 
 
 1664, August. Smyrna. I had some letters to send your 
 Excellency by Hazard, " but hee is turned soe great a gentle- 
 man " that he would not carry them. " His errand is to 
 procure a command from your Excellency to sett up a taverne.
 
 331 
 
 Truly, my lord, I have sufficient trouble with him who sells 
 wine now, never being without complaints both from our 
 own nation and Greekes; onely the conveniency for seamen 
 is all the plea he hath, and upon that score was and is per- 
 mitted. ... I have beene informed of many disorders com- 
 mitted there which I have passed by. I hope your Excellencie 
 will not countenance him in any such way, but that if he 
 live here, he may work on his calling. If your Excellencie 
 please that hee shall bee governed by mee heere, I shall teach 
 him to give mee better language, and not to bee soe saucy 
 as to condemn a consul. ..." The strange unhealthiness of 
 this season makes mee take a voyage to Scio upon the Rose 
 for some few dayes, intending to return by land. . . . 
 Yesterday I buried my servant Samuel, who died of a high 
 pestilential feaver." 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIGNOE MARC ANTONIO DOLFIN. 
 
 1664, Sept. 8. Pera. Touching the Padre Provinciale, 
 I forbid him my house for his infamous trick (burla vituperosa) 
 in regard to one of my druggermen. 
 
 For the rest, I freely confess that I have never had any 
 occasion to complain of him, save that, conformably to my 
 honour and friendship for your Eminence, I ought to show 
 myself sensible of the injuries done you by this brother, 
 and therefore embrace this occasion to show to the world 
 my zeal and affection for your service. Letter Book, ii, p. 163. 
 Italian. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, Sept. 9. Smyrna. "I am returned safe from Scio, 
 though wee mett with a hard encounter in our passadge 
 thither"; running on a rock in the Bay of Smyrna, close to 
 Cunny island. 
 
 As to John Hazard, he sold wine in bottles at his house, 
 of which I took no notice, but hearing of some disorder of 
 seamen drinking there, desired him to keep better order, " for 
 if the Customer (who is subashaw) had notice that he sold 
 wine, it would cost him money and I could not help him. . . . 
 If he may get a livelyhood this way, without giving dayly 
 disturbance, I shall not gainsay it, but . . . hee is an idle 
 fellow, will not worke [and] putts himself into the posture 
 of a gentleman, though he hath nothing to maintain it." 
 2$ pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to PATRICK SYMSONNE. 
 
 1664, Sept. 13. Pera. Hoping that his business will have 
 a good issue in Holland, and reminding him that Mr. Hedges, 
 the Treasurer in Constantinople, has, for his occasions, supplied 
 Mr. Smith with a good sum of money, which he hopes may be 
 duly repaid. Letter Book, ii, p. 165. f p.
 
 332 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to WILLIAM Mico. 
 
 1664, Sept. 15. Pera. The Bostangi Bassa [Captain 
 of the Guard] wishes to procure the ransom of a Bostangi 
 who was taken by the Livofnese and is now in one of the 
 Pope's gallies. If you can find him, and can "cut his ransom 
 for a certain sum," I will get the money first into my own hands 
 from the Basha, and then send you orders to pay the ransom. 
 I have a great desire to obtain some exquisite cordials out of 
 the Great Duke's fonderia, but conceive that to write to him 
 immediately would seem to much familiarity, and so commend 
 the office to you to impart my desires to his Highness as you 
 shall find occasion. Letter Book, ii, p. 166. 1| pp. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD HOLLES, Ambassador at Paris. 
 
 1664, Sept. 15. Pera. ". . . The Latin and Greek churches 
 in Scio have lately had a difference, through the perverseness 
 and pride of the Greek Bishop of that place, against the con- 
 sent of his Patriarch." The matter came at last to the deter- 
 mination of the Turkish law, as you will see by the enclosed 
 paper, which those of the Roman Church in Scio requested me 
 to transmit to his Majesty's ambassadors, that their grievances 
 might be the better known to the world. I am likewise to 
 acquaint your lordship of the perfect good correspondence 
 between Signer Balarino and myself. I lately had ground 
 to resent some matters very highly, but have now received 
 entire satisfaction. I am informed that he has been com- 
 manded thereunto by the Senate of Venice, whereby you may 
 judge of their good disposition towards his Majesty, "and the 
 esteem they have of my power here, as able to promote or 
 obstruct their designs in this Court." 
 
 The second defeat of the Turkish forces under the Vizier 
 has reduced their affairs to a very distracted condition. They 
 talk of peace, but as is believed, only to quiet the seditious 
 soldiery and commonalty, for though, no doubt, they heartily 
 repent of beginning the war, " yet the pride and greatness 
 of this Empire will scarce submit to peace when the war 
 concludes with so much disgrace and disadvantage to them- 
 selves." Ibid. p. 172. 2 pp. 
 
 Also, Letters on the same subject to Sir H. Bennet and 
 Sir W. Morice. Ibid. pp. 167, 171. [The original to Bennet is 
 in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 Enclosing : 
 
 " The state of the late difference between the Latin and 
 Greek Church in the Island of Scio," narrating the 
 unjust means taken by the Greek " Metropolite " to 
 get all the power into his own hands ; and the sufferings 
 of the Latin Bishop and his followers. Ibid. p. 173. 
 2| pp. [A copy of this is in S.P. Turkey.]
 
 333 
 
 THE EARL OF SOUTHAMPTON to THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, Sept. 19. Stratton. Your lordship's found me in my 
 retreat here, where I can do nothing but wish that your reasons 
 may prevail, either at Court or with the Company, as they 
 have done with me. "As soone as I come to London I'l 
 experiment in both places, but expect difficulties in either, 
 for the Court hath soe many publick expences, which exceeds 
 its income, that a reason prevayles not, where a president 
 or a custome cannot be alleaged (which I found, though I 
 prevayled in the last 300Z. for the captives, which is paied 
 to Sir Heneage Finch), and the Company hath soe little of 
 generosity, that though they would be extraordinarily served, 
 they would scarce pay ordinarily, and I think they have lesse 
 mind to pay, or be civile unto a great and noble person 
 then to one of lesse quality, which I .could have conjectured 
 without your lordship's letter, which expresses the undecent 
 style of theirs to you,* and those natures that could pay those 
 observances to our usurpers, and soe little grudge the chardge 
 they were then at, and soe unwillingly beare that which they 
 now ought reasonably to support, show what minds feare 
 masters. 
 
 " All I can say to your lordship is, upon my return I'l trye 
 both places, and doe your lordship all the service I can, and 
 with great caution (to give noe offence to the Company) 
 shew them how well I think they are served, and how little 
 sensible they are of it ; and I'l consult what path I shall 
 tread in with your lordships and my good friend, Mr. Solicitor. 
 Your lordship is now upon an active stage, and if we interpose 
 in it, I shalbe glade to play any game into your lordship's 
 hand." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 HUMPHREY [HENCHMAN], BISHOP OF LONDON, to THE EARL OF 
 
 WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, Sept. 24. London. I have received your Excellency's 
 of June 1 and a copy of the samef in which you express 
 " a most pious care to preserve the sincerity of the 
 doctrine and discipline of the English Church in those forraigne 
 parts where our chief merchants negotiate ; I blesse God for 
 this religious care in your Excellency, and I will be diligent 
 to subserve your state by my acting here in order to the 
 same end. I am very gladd that Mr. Broadgate, being so 
 petulant and turbulente, is discharged from Smyrna and 
 sent hither, where the lawes have provided sufficiently agaynst 
 such insolent attempters. When he lands, I shall search after 
 him and observe his wayes, and upon this advertisement, 
 restrayne him from any bold adventures. The consul of 
 Smyrna hath observed your Excellencies commands and 
 sent unto me a transcript of the depositions agaynst Mr. 
 Broadgate, and with them I shall charge him when he arrives. 
 
 * Seep. 318 above. ~ 
 | See pp. 314, 321 above.
 
 334 
 
 My next care shall be to furnish that Factorie with a religious, 
 orthodox, prudent and humble person to succeed there, but in 
 this I shall not (I feare) satisfy mine owne desires ; for the 
 Levant Company will challenge and assume the power of 
 choosing and sending another chaplaine to the Factorie. I 
 will interpose my directions and persuasions that a good man 
 may be sent, and I will require from him that shall be sent 
 an account of his fitness for that ministration, and more 
 particularly, of his obedience to the discipline of the Church 
 here. But I feare I shall not prevayle with the Company 
 to use mine advise in the choyse of mates, pursars, and 
 chirugiens, but they will pursue theyr owne designes to use 
 those that they thinke will readily serve theyr proffit without 
 any regard to sound religion. However. I shall highly honour 
 the wisdome and zeale of your Excellency that with soe great 
 circumspection endeavours to preserve those Easterne parts 
 from the factious and schismaticall practises of that generation 
 of men. I daylie pray for the honour and happiness of your 
 Excellency, of your most religious lady, and all yours." 
 Holograph. 2 pp. 
 
 THE BISHOP AND DEPUTIES OF Scio to THE EARL OF 
 WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, Sept. 28. Acknowledging with profound gratitude 
 his Excellency's favours to those of the Latin rite, and lamenting 
 that although they had obtained from the Grand Caimacam 
 favourable orders against the cursed [Greek] Metropolitan, 
 yet the Bassa and Cadi (bribed by much money) have given 
 judgment in favour of the Greeks ; who have seized their 
 churches, demolished their altars, and broken in pieces and 
 flung into the streets their pictures and other images. 
 
 Trusting in his Excellency's protection they implore him to 
 do his utmost to aid them to recover their churches as they 
 have had them for more than a hundred years. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1664, Oct. 4. Aleppo. The agent at Gombroone writes 
 " that there was arrived there upon a junke, Hodgie Burra 
 Saheb, Queene of Deccan, and sister to the King of Gulculdah 
 [Golconda]. Her design is to travel! up the country towards 
 Spahane, to a place of great devotion, where one of their 
 prophets lie, as alsoe the King her husband. She hath 
 brought with her a vast treasure in jewels, gold &c." 
 
 Our new Caddee promises very fair. The last was a good 
 man. If he visits you at Stamboul, I pray you let him know 
 the character I gave you of him. 1| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to WILLIAM Mico. 
 1664, Oct. 5. Pera. Thanking him for oil, gunpowder and 
 papers of intelligence, and acknowledging the honour done
 
 336 
 
 him by the merchants in naming their new frigate by his 
 title. Prays that a barrell of pickled herrings, another of 
 red herrings, and some salt salmon and bacculear [baccalare, 
 stockfish] may be sent for his Lenten provisions. Letter 
 Book, ii, p. 176. 1| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE FRENCH CONSUL 
 at Athens. 
 
 1664, Oct. 5. Has received his information of the wrong 
 done to the French trade, and also to an English ship, by 
 a Greek, and sends an order from the Porte forbidding such 
 conduct in the future. The Resident of Holland has promised 
 to remove the man from office before the 1st of February next. 
 Italian. Ibid. p. 178. f p. 
 
 Also, A like letter to " Signer Giovanni Girand." Italian. 
 Ibid. p. 178. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to ROGER COOPER. 
 
 1664, Oct. 5. Pera. I have sent you a box of wild chestnut 
 and " Cyprus " seeds, consigned to Mr. John Buckworth in 
 London. The chestnuts are rather for beauty than use, 
 " because it is an extraordinary fair tree, and bears a pleasing 
 blossom in the spring, and grows speedily to perfection." Both 
 these and the cyprus seeds I would have planted either in 
 Finch's wood or the new nursery, but one quarter of them 
 you may present to my brother Toke. The Cyprus seeds 
 I hope will plant the wilderness I intend near the melon garden, 
 and the chestnuts for some walks. I intend, at my return (if 
 God blesseth me) to plant 500 acres with cherries, apples and 
 walnuts ; all the land on that side the double dike, next 
 Mr. Tuck's, and very much of Dod's farm and others in Eastwell 
 and Wye ; the walnut trees to be next the hedges, to keep off 
 the blasting winds from the gardens, and " for the fields 
 within, one cherry and one apple tree, so that when the 
 cherries be decayed, the apple trees and walnut trees may be 
 grown to some perfection. This will increase my revenue, 
 and beautify my estate." I desire you also to provide, against 
 my return, at least ten thousand fir trees, " for I intend to 
 plant whole woods of them." Ibid. p. 180. 2 pp. 
 
 ROBERT FRAMPTON, Minister, to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 [1664,] Oct. 5. Aleppo. May it please your Excellency 
 to read the following lines by a man not known to you, 
 " nevertheless, an old son of the Church of England, a loyall 
 subject of his Majesties, and an affectionate servant to your 
 Excellency." 
 
 Being lately with the French Consul (Monsieur Baron) he 
 told me, as a secret, that this summer there came to his house 
 " a man very considerable in all respects, sent from the west 
 unto the east, about some businesses of great importance " ;
 
 336 
 
 that your Excellency knew his business and that he (the Consul) 
 furnished him with money, which he was sure to be re-imbursed 
 by you. If he have not written to you, he will do it ere long. 
 Meanwhile I crave leave to tell you " that though M. Baron 
 be a worthy gentleman, full of many zealous and gallant 
 thoughts . . . and devoted to your Excellency, yet is he, 
 in my opinion, noe way fitt to be trusted with great secrets, 
 his talke being too free and his choler masterlesse ; in a word, 
 his discourse soe aery that tis rather like distraction than 
 honest reasoning. These things I never should make knowne, 
 for he is my freind, and shewes me love even to excesse, were 
 it not to prevent such dangers as the concealing of them 
 might produce." 1 p. [Year date given in endorsement.] 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENRY BENNET. 
 
 1664, Oct. 8. Pera. On the Grand Signer's impending 
 removal to Yamboli, an obscure town out of all roads (a step 
 which is believed to be contrived by the Vizier, to prevent 
 him learning the true history of the summer's misfortunes). 
 Also on the prospect of a peace with Germany, and the 
 possibility of one with Venice, and the need in that case, that 
 the English Ambassador should be with the Court. Letter, 
 Book, ii, p. 183. 3 pp. [The original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 PARIDE GITJSTINIANO, GIACOMO CASTELLO " ET COMPAGNI " 
 to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, Oct. [10-J20. Scio. It is needless for them again 
 to relate to his Excellency the terrible persecution they have 
 suffered from the Greek Metropolitan. Their only trust is 
 in God, who may remedy all things, even when they do not 
 dare to hope, and are weeping and afflicted in view of fresh 
 persecutions daily designed against them. They pray his 
 Excellency, as a slight token of their gratitude for his kindness, 
 to accept a case of lemons and two vases of gum, which they 
 send by Signor Georgio d'Andrea. As to a huntsman, 
 they have not forgotten his Excellency's wishes, but are 
 endeavouring to send one who will be entirely to his satisfaction. 
 Italian. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE BISHOP OF Scio and others. 
 
 1664, Oct. 24. Pera. Deeply deploring the issue of affairs 
 at Scio, and assuring them of his desire to serve the interests 
 of the Latin rite when it is possible for him to do so. Letter 
 Book, ii, p. 187. Italian. \\ pp. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MORICE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, Oct. 31. " Our traverses and agitations with Holland, 
 the presumption and prognostick of what may be the result 
 thereof, and our great naval preparations to answer any 
 whatsoever event, is that which convertes many eyes towards
 
 337 
 
 us, takes up all the vogue here, and is only worth your notice 
 from hence. I long since acquainted your Excellency how a 
 fire was likely to be kindled between us, it smoked then, hath 
 been fuelled since, and is now ready to breake out and flame. 
 The Parliament had notice and tooke a sentiment of the in- 
 juries and indignities done us by the Dutch, how they under- 
 mined or retrenched our trade every where, and recommended 
 to his Majestic the care and redresse thereof by proper 
 remedies. His Majesty, with great temper and moderation, 
 answered that hee would notify this to his good allies and 
 demand satisfaction where it was requisite, and seeke to 
 prevent any growing mischief, and doubted not but they would 
 doe him right in accomodating things complained of, otherwise 
 hee would seeke it by all expedients in his power. The Dutch 
 presently take this as an alarme, fall to equippe ships with all 
 imaginable diligence, not forbearing to worke upon Sundays, 
 and his Majestic to prevent surprize, setts out a more then 
 usuall Summer Guard under my Lord of Sandwich ; hee 
 remandes his Envoy from Holland, not as the prologue to a 
 rupture, but as an expedient to prevent it, instructs him in 
 matters complained of, his demands of reparation, the wayes 
 and modes of regulating trade, thereby to obviate farther 
 quarrells, and thus imbued, remits him. In the interim the 
 Afracan Company, that had suffered much from the Dutch 
 West Indian Company and had often complained to the 
 States Generall without fruite or redresse, resolved to take 
 that right which would not be given them, and commence a 
 kind of warr, which is a wild kind of justice, take sundry of 
 their ships, and one of their forts at Cabo Verde, another at 
 Cape-Corse (but to this wee can make good title, and it was 
 a redemption from unjust possessors). They forthwith make 
 by their embassador a sharpe complaint unto his Majesty, 
 who with great equanimity tells them, that hee knowes nothing 
 of this, not that it was done, or if so, yet it was done without 
 his commission or authority ; that hee expected the returne 
 of Captaine Holmes, who was accused to have been the actor, 
 and being returned hee would examine the matters and take 
 account thereof, and doe them right, if it should appeare 
 due, but hee could not order the restitution before hee was 
 sure of the wrong, nor condemne his subjects before hee 
 heard them ; and hee had been demanding justice from 
 them for his subjects three or four yeares and was yet delayed 
 it, and they had pretences still of deferring it from the absence 
 of one or another concerned, and the expectation of the returne 
 of this or that person. The Dutch, not content with this 
 discreet and rationall answer, supposing to strike terror by 
 their quick arming, vote the sending twelve of their men of 
 warr and four of the West Indian Companies to Guiney to 
 recover their forts, and recompence their losses. His Majestie 
 advises them to forbeare, tells them if they will espouse all 
 the quarrells of the Companies it will be impossible to preserve 
 Wt. 29495. Fi 22
 
 338 
 
 the peace ; that if they would defend their subjects hee 
 would not be wanting to protect his ; that hee should construe 
 this as a breach of the Treaty, by the 14th Article whereof 
 it is provided, that if any wrong or violence be done by the 
 subjects of one Allye to the other, that if upon complaint 
 and demand of satisfaction (if by proof it appeared to be due) 
 in one yeare, then other remedies might be used to en- 
 force it, but all till [sic] the yeare elapsed, but they by such 
 precipitate arming seemed to protest against or renounce 
 the Treaty. They persist in their resolutions, and continue 
 their preparations, and send his Majestie a manifesto of 
 their grounds and reasons of doing it, which hee interpreted 
 justly to be a kind of grant of letters of Mart against the 
 African Company and any of his subjects that should lend 
 them any assistance. Hee equipps twelve royall ships and 
 the Royall Company set out six more ; those with neare two 
 hundred land souldiers (the Dutch having levied five hundred) 
 fell downe the river under the command of Prince Rupert, 
 and rode in the Dowries, expecting an east wind to fill their 
 sayles ; wee being first ready, though they began first to 
 equippe. But as the ships lay expecting such gales, Sir John 
 Lawson arrived, having been commanded from the Mediter- 
 ranean, and another sent thither in his place, and hee brought 
 vehement presumptions that De Ruyter was gone from the 
 Straights towards Guiney, and this intelligence put us to a 
 stand. Wee were assured noe such order issued from the 
 States Generall, and for lacke of victualls and sheathing, many 
 of the Councell were confident there was noe such thing ; 
 neverthelesse there were some that tooke the advantage 
 to stay the fleet at home, whose principle it had been ever 
 to begin the warr in the Channell nearer home, and most 
 conceived that to provide against the worst that might happen, 
 it was not advised to leave the Prince obnoxious to be entrapped 
 between two fleetes, his being gonne, ours that remained 
 being at first not able to intercept or repell theirs ; but the 
 wind hath been favourable to us, having blowne westerly so 
 long as that their fleet could not yet get out, and wee had 
 time to furnish so many ships as to impede them. His Majesty 
 gave them notice, if they attempted to passe the Channell, 
 hee would take it for a rupture ; They thought to have frighted 
 his Majestie by their brisk resolutions, and that hee had been 
 so indigent of money as not to be able to sett out a fleet till 
 the Parliament mett to supply him, and in the interim they 
 should doe their worke ; but finding the greatnesse, both of 
 his Majesty's courage and preparations, the Citty having 
 lent him twice one hundred thousand pounds and the affections 
 of his people growing towards him and a warr, they mixe 
 water with their wine, and sing to another tune and lower 
 note. They are in perplexity, and hold a wolfe by the eares ; 
 their reputation is engaged to send, and the peace at a breach if 
 they goe ; they have made some overtures to make satisfaction
 
 339 
 
 in grosse and in the lumpe, for the wrongs and damages 
 suffered by his Majesties subjects, but those offers are generall, 
 not certaine or definitive, and attended with demand of restitu- 
 tion of all places and ships taken by us in Guiney and New 
 Netherlands (anciently a part of New England) whither 
 justly taken or not, and before the examination of the matter 
 of fact or right ; and there is noe satisfaction preferred for the 
 great charge they have put his Majestie unto, by their precipi- 
 tate equipping. His Majestie hath forty ships ready, and will 
 have fifty about the beginning of the next weeke, and when the 
 whole fleet is ready, his Royall Highnes (whom it is impossible 
 to divert from it) will imbarque with divers of the nobility. 
 Wee have an envoye at Stockholme, Mr. Coventry, and another 
 at Copenhaguen, Sir Gilbert Talbot, negotiating with those 
 Kings in this juncture, and in reference to the present posture 
 of affaires." Signed. 2| pp. 
 
 SIR HENRY BENNET to THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, Nov. 1. Whitehall. Since my last letter, "there 
 are hap'ned great alteracions, the first not unknowne to you 
 at Constantinople, viz. the peace or truce betwixt the Emperour 
 and the Grand Seignor, which hath rejoyced the greatest 
 part of Christendome, though there are yet some not at all 
 satisfied with it ; the French for not having been privy to 
 the transaccion ; the Venetian for having been left singly 
 again to defend their quarrell alone against soe powerfull an 
 enemy, and last of all our neighbours the Hollanders, who, 
 apprehending a rupture with us, would be sorry to see the 
 Emperour and other Princes of Germany at leasure to make 
 use of this conjuncture for the dispute of their particular 
 quarrels with them, and according to this it will be fit your 
 Excellency should know how near we are to a breach with 
 those our unkind neighbours." [Here follows an account 
 agreeing in its main points with that given by Morice.] 
 
 " In this state wee are, God only knowing what will bee the 
 successe of it; the guesses are that they will demand peace, 
 which after such a provocacion would not be granted but 
 upon termes of honour to his Majesty. 
 
 By the King's command I signified to the Turkey Company 
 his pleasure that they should more cheerfully supply your 
 extraordinary expences. They do not yet agree, but his 
 Majesty bids me assure you that he will take care in future 
 to see you well provided, and that "he understands it is 
 incumbent upon the Turky Company and upon them alone to 
 see this made good to you." 
 
 Postscript. "Some few days past news is come from New 
 England that our countreymen there ressenting with the 
 same spirit (as they doe in all places else) the wrongs done them 
 by the Dutch, have proceeded to take into their possession 
 by force a place ursuped by them upon us called New Amster- 
 dam, to which they have given now the name of New Yorke,
 
 which hath augmented and inflamed their complaints upon 
 us." Signed. 7 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to WILLIAM Mico. 
 
 1664, Nov. 9. Pera. Has received the Florence wine, 
 which is good, but not so exquisite as that of the year before, 
 which was " of a hard dry taste " while this is sweet. As to 
 the gloves, those which he had used tear in the seames 
 immediately, probably because they are " old sewed." Desires 
 another dozen of the best sort and " latest made," and sends 
 an old glove to show the size. His wife offers her best thanks 
 for the chest of lady's wine and the barrells of olives and 
 anchovies, which are all come safe to hand. He has also 
 received the draft [drawing] of the Winchilsea, in a gilded 
 frame, which he has placed in a room to which he often resorts. 
 Hopes that the ship will always be prosperous under this 
 name, and very profitable to her owners, and sends his own 
 and his wife's arms, to be placed on the stern. Has likewise 
 received the exceUent gun, and is much pleased with the 
 greatness of the bore, the fashion of the stock, and the commo- 
 dious gun-sticks, but though the barrel is " extraordinary 
 good " he likes the dark blue colour usual in France rather 
 than bright and the locks gray as they are taken out of the 
 fire and the stock plain, not inlaid with ivory. 
 
 Has lately had a gun made at Marseilles by one B. Coste 
 which, as to the workmanship of the lock, and the curious 
 grain of the stock, " which is walnut tree," greatly surpasses 
 the other. Desires Mico to provide him with a great gun, 
 " on purpose to shoot in a boat, or at land upon a rest, that 
 may kill swans and wild geese " at the greatest distance 
 possible, such as the Grand Duke has, or better if that may 
 be, "as substantial and curious as is possible, only plain and 
 of a dark colour," with rest, gunsticks, moulds for shot and 
 bullets &c. The lock he would have made by B. Coste at 
 Marseilles. 
 
 As to the state of the French here, as yet they have not 
 suffered, but the feeling of the Turks is shown by an incident 
 at Adrianople, where one of the French druggermen demanding 
 licence for their agent to have his wine free of impost, according 
 to the rights of public ministers, the Chimacam took occasion 
 openly to reprimand the infidelity of the French, "that under 
 their banner all piracies were committed upon the Turks," and 
 ordered the druggerman to withdraw, or else he and his agent 
 and all the French nation should be sent to the gallies. Letter 
 Book, ii, p. 188. 3| pp. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR H. FINCH. 
 
 1664, Nov. 9. Pera. Concerning Walrond's conduct, and 
 his own money matters. If the war with Holland goes on, 
 he will not be able to remit money to England with advantage,
 
 341 
 
 and finding that in consequence of the war with the Emperor 
 many " here " become poor, and jewels are fallen to a very 
 low rate, he has invested a good part of his money in them, 
 and doubts not but that they will sell to great advantage in 
 England. Letter Book, ii, p. 192. 3 pp. 
 
 Also, Letter to his " brother," Capt. Nicholas Toke, on the 
 same subjects. Ibid. p. 194. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to CONSUL MORGAN READ, 
 
 at Livorne. 
 
 1664, Nov. 9. Pera. Is heartily sorry for the hard fortune 
 of Consul Browne and the merchants at Algier, but little 
 better usage can be expected from a government so wholly 
 barbarous and devoid of humanity. Would gladly assist 
 him, but commands from this court are of no validity there, 
 as these ministers know very well, and so, " will scarce pretend 
 to send any," knowing how little they are obeyed. Ibid. p. 196. 
 I p. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD HOLLES, at Paris. 
 
 1664, Nov. 9. Pera. The chief matter here at present is 
 how the Turks take notice of the assistance given to the 
 Emperor by the King of France, the invasion of Barbary, 
 and the hostilities done them at sea under the French colours. 
 " These matters no question but are resented by the Turk, 
 but as yet, perhaps out of design to see the treaty concluded 
 first with the Emperor, neither the French agent nor merchants 
 have been either questioned or suffered." An incident at 
 Adrianople, however [here follows the account already given, 
 p. 340] shows that the Turk probably only conceals his 
 displeasure for a time, and certainly unless some expedient 
 be provided by the King of France to secure the estates of 
 his subjects in these parts, they run a great hazard of being 
 lost. I have done what good offices I could, and might do 
 more if the French King would request our Master to command 
 me to act vigorously therein. I desire this the more in order 
 to " have opportunity of making this example of invading 
 Barbery to be judged no breach of the capitulations with the 
 Grand Signer, so as to serve for a precedent to us for the 
 future, when his Majesty shall think fit to revenge the piracies 
 of that country in the like nature." Ibid. p. 196. 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENRY BENNET. 
 
 1664, Nov. 9. The Prince of Wallachia is fled, but the old 
 Prince of Moldavia is come to the camp, and the Vizier may 
 probably pardon him. Many believe that the much talked of 
 truce is only an artifice to quiet the people, in whom it has 
 wrought a general joy, the wisest sort believing that had the 
 Emperor prosecuted his victory, he might this winter have got 
 as far as Belgrade. [Concerning the French druggerman, as 
 on p. 340.] Ibid. p. 199. 2 pp. Original in S.P Turkey.
 
 342 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIB HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1664, Nov. 19. Pera. As my five years residence here 
 expires in January come twelvemonths, I thought it not too 
 early "to beginne to consider seriously with so wise and faith- 
 full a friend as yourself the weight of arguments which may 
 perswade mee to a longer continuance. For first I consider 
 the hazards I have allready passed in my voyage to this remote 
 place and the casualties of sicknesse which our bodies are 
 subject to in climates so different to our naturall temper. 
 Then I have voluntarily deprived myself of the societie of 
 my children and relations and particularly yours, which 
 requires alone strong considerations to recompense, and all 
 to no other end then to cleare my debts and advance the 
 revenue of my estate, or at least some thing before hand, so 
 as not to come naked into England with no other provision 
 then the bare rent of my lands. But because by that time 
 this end cannot wholy bee effected, nor doe expect to peice 
 out my wants by preferments and offices at home, inclining 
 rather to a retired life and enjoyment of the fruit of my labours, 
 at Eastwell, I thinke it hath more of prudence to resolve to 
 continue longer, and most of honour not to frustrate the 
 intention first designed, or to quit a certain good for one that 
 is uncertaine though greater. 
 
 " But by the way I would have you know that the Turky 
 Companie wrote to Sir Thomas Roe before the expiration of 
 his terme agread on inviting him to continue longer in the 
 Embassy, and to induce him more forcibly to it, sent him a 
 present of 500Z." I think I may with good reason insist on 
 having as honourable and profitable terms, but in the method 
 of managing this negotiation I must request your aid, as, 
 whether the proposition of my continuance should come first 
 from me or from them, and whether I ought to acquaint the 
 King with my desire, and also to intimate my resolution to 
 the Council or Secretaries of State. If you think the negotia- 
 tion not proper for you, and that I ought to send Ricaut, I 
 will do so, with orders wholly to regulate himself by your 
 orders. I should agree to two or three years more, insisting 
 upon the 500L as to Sir Thos Roe, " though not to break off 
 upon the denial." 
 
 I have written of this to my Lord Treasurer (but to none 
 other), so that you may consult with him and also with Lord 
 Chief Justice Bridgeman, " who is, I am sure, so much my 
 friend as not to think a few hours' consideration of my business 
 to be troublesome." Letter Book, ii, p. 201. 3 pp. 
 
 Also, Letter to the Earl of Southampton, briefly to the 
 same effect. Ibid. p. 204. 
 
 Narrative sent by CHARLES II. to Parliament. 
 [1664, Nov. 24.] "A Briefe narrative of the late passages 
 between his Majesty and the Dutch, and his Majesties
 
 343 
 
 preparations thereupon." Endorsed by Williamson, " Sent by 
 his Majesty to each of the two Houses of Parliament the first 
 day of this sessions." 16 pp. [Printed in Lords' Journals, 
 under above date.] 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE DUCHESS OF SOMERSET. 
 
 1664, Nov. 28. Pera. I have written your Grace several 
 letters of late, which I hope are come safe to your hands, and 
 therefore need not repeat more than that (God be praised) 
 we all continue in perfect health. Your Grace may remember 
 that at my departure out of England, I agreed with the Turkey 
 Company only for five years continuance here, but finding that 
 my debts will not then be fully paid, I am forced to resolve 
 upon a longer time, and have written to my cousin Solicitor to 
 make the most advantageous conditions for me that he can, 
 who will give you more particular knowledge thereof. Your 
 Grace's secrecy will be requisite, as if the Company were 
 assured that I am resolved to stay, they would be " more 
 backward to condescend to those conditions I demand." 
 Letter Book, ii, p. 205. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINOHILSEA. 
 
 1664, Dec. 2. Aleppo. The Levant Company write that 
 they have recommended your Excellency to procure us an 
 order that our Emeen may give us no disturbance ; but I do 
 not apprehend that he will dare to do anything that may 
 bring him into trouble, " with whom at present I have a very 
 good understanding ; however, Turks promises of fair usage 
 last no longer than they conceive may be for their advantage." 
 t PP- 
 
 THE FACTORY OF ALEPPO to THE SAME. 
 
 1664, Dec. 5. Aleppo. Concerning the flight of Mr. Stanton 
 and Mr. Bishop, and the indignation of their creditors, who 
 wish to put the debt upon the whole English nation there. 
 Fear that the business may be carried to Constantinople, and 
 pray for his Excellency's support. 2 pp. 31 signatures. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to ROBERT FRAMPTON, Minister at 
 
 Aleppo. 
 
 1664, Dec. 9. Pera. I am much obliged by your caution 
 respecting Monsieur Baron [see p. 335 above] but I have never 
 written to him more than two or three times, in answer to his, 
 " and should bee farre from confiding secrets to him upon 
 so bare a knowledge ; especially his being a Frenchman 
 would cause mee to bee more scrupulous in taking testimonies 
 to vouch him free from his nationall imperfections." As to the 
 gentleman who travelled from the west to the east, I know 
 not who he means, unless an Italian to whom I gave a passport 
 on the recommendation of the Prince of Vallachia, but never 
 gave him countenance " further than the interest of one
 
 night's expenses ; but some men catch hold on all things, 
 and a complyment ... is interpreted for an engagement, 
 and an ordinary discourse for the height of friendship and 
 intimacy." 
 
 Guessing at your affections to me by your kindness, and 
 already knowing your other deserts, I cannot but wish that 
 your curiosity would carry you home by way of Constantinople 
 that we might enjoy your society, and I might have an 
 opportunity of evidencing my esteem. Letter Book, ii, p. 206. 
 4 PP- 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to MONSIEUR BARON. 
 
 1664, Dec. 9. Pera. Your last, touching Col. Deti, gives 
 promise of a happy journey for him. When he was here, 
 I gave him a passport, and showed him the courtesy due to all 
 strangers, but I am quite ignorant of the motives for his 
 journey, and not interested in its success, excepting as all 
 generous minds must wish well to men of merit and virtue. 
 Ibid. p. 208. Italian, f p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, Dec. 10. Aleppo." The 3rd present, Mr. Stantori 
 and Bishop ran away from Aleppo, indebted to the Turks 
 upwards of 50,000 dollars. . . . The 4th present, I first heard 
 of it, when his creditors, very many and powerfull men, came 
 clamering to my house ; to whome I gave for answer, I was 
 sorry for the disgrace our nation had received by so villanous 
 an action, but could give them no other comfort then that 
 they must seeke their satisfaction from them only whom they 
 trusted, for no man was to be questioned for the debts of 
 another, as was carefully provided for in our capitulations. 
 This answer gave them little satisfaction. They made their 
 laments to the Caddee and other ministers, desiring their 
 assistance to force us to pay Stanton and Bishop's debts." 
 The same day I was summoned to the Caddee's, where were 
 several ministers and the creditors. I insisted upon the 
 privileges of our capitulation, but the meeting ended by the 
 Caddee declaring that our nation owed the debt and ought to 
 pay. [Here follows a long account of the meetings and dis- 
 cussions on this subject, in which by degrees, the officials 
 were won over to a more reasonable view.] 
 
 Ships have now arrived with goods consigned to Stanton 
 and Bishop, some of which belong to themselves, some to 
 Sir Sam. Barnardiston and his brothers, some to Sir John 
 Frederick, Mr. Richard Holsworthy and his brothers. I 
 have warned the captains not to unload, as I am sure the 
 people mean to give us trouble when the goods are landed. 
 If your Excellency could find out a way to preserve them, it 
 would be very acceptable to the proprietors. 
 
 At last I have brought the Caddee to give judgment that 
 the creditors cannot pretend upon us. My next work is the
 
 345 
 
 Emeen, from whom I endeavour to get an assurance that he 
 will give us no disturbance. 1J pp. 
 
 SIR GEORGE DOWNING. 
 
 1664, Dec. 16. Hague. " A Discourse written by Sir George 
 Downing . . . vindicating his Royal Master from the In- 
 solencies of a Scandalous Label. . . ." Printed pamphlet. 
 21 pp. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664, Dec. 21. Stating that the Dutch Consul prays for 
 his Excellency's assistance in relation to a Dutch seaman 
 who was believed to have professed a desire " of turning 
 Turk." On his strenuously denying this, he was on the point 
 of being beheaded, but was persuaded by a renegado to declare 
 himself a Turk to save his life, " on which he was immediately 
 carryed in triumph, as their manner is." 
 
 Though this business cannot be remedied, it is hoped some 
 way may be found for helping in like cases in the future, 
 indeed, the Dutch Consul had been told by his druggerman, 
 before it was noised abroad, that the man might have been 
 delivered for 40 dollars, " but the old man would not then 
 spend an asper." 1| pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1664, Dec. 24. Aleppo. Having received assurances from 
 the Emeen, he has ordered the unloading of the two general 
 ships, excepting the cloth and tin consigned to Stanton and 
 Bishop, as to which he has declared that any concerned to 
 look after these goods may order their landing, provided 
 they give security to free the Company from damages. 
 
 Postscript. The Russia ambassador has arrived at Spahaune, 
 with a great train, and for presents, " 13 large Frisland horses, 
 the like before never came to Persia," two rich coaches and 
 many other things. When he nas audience, I am promised a 
 perfect account of it. 1 p. 
 
 M. BARON to THE SAME. 
 
 [1664, Dec. 26-J1665, Jan. 5. Aleppo. Thanking his 
 Excellency for his kind messages through " M. de La Noye," 
 and regretting that he can give him no news, as no one has 
 come from France or Leghorn for almost eight months. 
 
 Postscript. Col. Deti has been ill at Damascus, but left 
 for Bagdad at the end of November. French. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE VIZIER AZEM, in Belgrade. 
 
 1664, Dec. 29. Pera. Congratulating him on his happy 
 return from the wars, and upon the treaty between his master 
 and the Emperor. Salutes him in the name of the King of 
 Great Britain, who prays that all his Excellency's affairs may
 
 346 
 
 have the happy result due to the valour and merit of so 
 worthy a minister. Since his Excellency's departure, the 
 capitulations have been well observed, and the ministers have 
 shown great justice and kindness to the English nation, while 
 he doubts not but that his Excellency knows that, during the 
 war the English subjects have never done anything whatever 
 against the said capitulations. Letter Book, ii, p. 210. 
 Italian. 1| pp. 
 
 Instructions to GEORGIO DRAPERIIS, druggerman. 
 
 1664, Dec. 29. Pera. On his arrival at Adrianople, he 
 is to " enquire underhand " whether the creditors of Stanton 
 and Bishop have made any appli cation to the court, and if 
 not, to profess that his journey is only upon private grounds, 
 so as to avoid giving any presents. But if any endeavours 
 have been made against the factory, he is to declare that, by 
 the capitulations, one Englishman (except he be a surety) is 
 not liable for the debts of another, and no judgments can be 
 given against the English, save in the presence of their am- 
 bassador or his druggerman. In this case he may give presents 
 where they may be placed with best advantage. Ibid. p. 212. 
 1| PP- 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENRY BENNET. 
 
 1664, Dec. 30. Pera. A courier has arrived from France 
 and is going to Belgrade. It is reported that his message 
 is altered from what was brought " whilst the holding of 
 Gigeri gave a reputation to the French success in these parts," 
 and that he is only to arrange about the coming of an 
 ambassador. 
 
 The Turks with joy embrace the peace, their forces being 
 weakened, their chief commanders slain, and their army in 
 terror that the Christians would not only recover all Hungary, 
 but come to Adrianople itself. Trade is at a very low ebb, 
 through the long absence of the Court, and the Grand Signer's 
 obstinate dislike of Constantinople. Great preparations are 
 being made for the German Ambassador, who comes to confirm 
 the peace. 
 
 A strange comet has been seen for twenty-five nights, and 
 in clear weather is still visible. At first its tail pointed towards 
 the north, but now towards the east. "It seems to be a 
 great height ; such as are skilful in taking the elevation 
 computing it above the moon. Its course in rising and 
 setting is uncertain, and the motion seems extraordinary 
 swift." The people "frame strange predictions of changes 
 from it." 
 
 Prays him to help in the punishment of Bishop and Stanton, 
 who have brought such dishonour upon the English merchants 
 by their infamous behaviour to the Turks. Ibid. p. 214, 
 3 pp. [Original in S.P. Turkey.]
 
 347 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to WILLIAM Mico. 
 
 1664, Dec. 30. Pera. Concerning the flight of Stanton and 
 Bishop. As they may have sought refuge in Ligorne, he has 
 written to the Grand Duke, praying him not to protect them. 
 If " those gentlemen " are there, the letter is to be delivered ; if 
 not, to be kept until their arrival. Letter Book, ii, p. 209. 1 p. 
 Enclosing : 
 
 The letter to the Grand Duke alluded to. Italian. Ibid. 
 p. 213. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to GEORGIO DRAPERHS. 
 
 1664[-5], Jan. 9. Pera. Desires him to find out the truth 
 of a report that the Venetian Resident is preparing great 
 presents for the expected German Ambassador, and also to 
 ascertain the views of the Turks as to a peace with Venice. 
 The Venetians having " evidently neglected " the English 
 King's offer of mediation, any further proffers must be 
 very sparingly made, but it would be well if the Turks 
 could be induced to desire his assistance in the matter. Ibid, 
 p. 218. I p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664-5, Jan. 11. Aleppo. The new Bassa's Chiau has 
 come to Aleppo, with whom the creditors of Stanton and 
 Bishop are tampering. I pray you to inform yourself when 
 our new Bassa comes, and before he comes, to make him our 
 friend. Copy, sent with letter of Jan. 21. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1664-5, Jan. 16. Aleppo. The Mussalem* (or Chiau of our 
 new Bassa) has been labouring to revive the business of Stanton 
 and Bishop, and has again sent for Mr. James Banckes, to 
 examine him. The last time he detained him some hours in 
 the seraglio. I send you a paper by the said Banckes, with 
 my reply [wanting] and pray your direction thereupon. The 
 trouble I daily meet with in our affairs here is very great ; 
 "and if I give your Excellency too much trouble, as I fear I 
 doe, I humbly crave your pardon." 1 p. 
 
 JAMES BANCKES to THE SAME. 
 
 1664-5, Jan. 16. Aleppo. I am forced to trouble your 
 Excellency, " in regard the consul of this place will affoard 
 mee but very little assistance, in a case wherein I am wholly 
 innocent, but hath suffered mee to bee fetched twice out 
 of his house and imprisoned by this Mossalem's people, and 
 am not yet at liberty, the druggerman being security for my 
 forthcoming ; besides, the greatest part of my estate lyes 
 
 * The governor of a town. "Chiau" here is used in the seuse of 
 representative or deputy.
 
 348 
 
 sealed up in Stanton and Bishop's house, hee refusing to stirr 
 at all in their recovery." Two years and a half ago, my master, 
 Sir John Frederick, sent me hither to his factors, Stanton and 
 Bishop, and I was in their house when they ran away with 
 a considerable estate of Turks' goods and money ; but I never 
 knew of their intention, or received an asper of the money. 
 I am sure that your Excellency will not permit the innocent 
 to suffer, " though the consul hath pleased to say it will bee 
 impossible for mee to live quietly in this place, whose reasons 
 are kept to himself e." 1 p. 
 
 THE BISHOP OF Scio to THE EARL or WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, Jan. [18-J28. Scio.- Writes but two lines in haste 
 to say that they are sending his Excellency the best huntsman 
 they can find in the Island. His Excellency may perhaps 
 consider him stupid (idioto), but he is an honest man, and 
 it is hoped he will give satisfaction. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 WILLIAM TURNER and THOMAS BARNARDISTON to THE SAME. 
 
 1664-5, Jan. 20. Aleppo. " Heartily sorry wee are that 
 our first address to your Excellencie should be uppon so un- 
 pleaseing a subject, neither should wee now have sett penn to 
 paper did wee not feare that Consull Lannoy might anticipate 
 us, and soe cause your Excellencie to have some hard thoughts 
 of us." 
 
 Your lordship's servant, Tho. Barnardiston, arrived here in 
 September last with his cousin, William Turner, Esquire (brother- 
 in-law to Mr. Pelat Barnardiston of London)," out of a curiosity 
 to see these parts and Jerusalem, whither intends to sett 
 forward in few daies." 
 
 Our recommendations were to the unfortunate house of 
 Stanton and Bishop, and upon their flight, all the doors being 
 sealed up, we could not come by any of our things. We 
 fled to the Consul's house for refuge, and prayed his assistance 
 for releasement of our things, which he promised in very 
 friendly manner, as soon as the house should be opened ; 
 but when this happened and we reminded him of his promise, 
 he flew into a passion and said he had given none ; nor would 
 he stir in the matter, or allow his druggerman to assist us. 
 We have therefore drawn up a protest against him, not out 
 of any malice, but because it may enable us in England to 
 recover the value of our goods by law. 2 pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1664-5, Jan. 21. Aleppo. " . . . Although Stanton and 
 Bishop are fled from Aleppo, who were both factious and 
 infamous persons, yet there remaines still so ill-principled in 
 that family as endeavour to disturb peace if they durst," 
 and especially James Banckes, " who is a person I cannot 
 engage myself for, upon his bare bond." The Emeen will
 
 349 
 
 not allow Stanton and Bishop's house to be opened, saying 
 that what money they owe his serivan, Mustapha Chelebee, 
 belongs to him and is the Grand Signer's money. The 
 creditors have been at great charges to gain the ministers on 
 their side, but the Caddee having once given sentence in our 
 favour, they dare not act contrary. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to GEORGIO DRAPERHS. 
 1664-5, Jan. 23. Pera. The Bishop here has received 
 advice of sinister designs against him, and is retiring to 
 Smyrna for a time. I have not been intent to dissuade him, 
 being " suspicious of the worst accidents," but as one who is 
 his real friend, I desire to propose to you what may be the 
 best course for his security ; which is to offer a complaint 
 " that whereas it hath beene the custome for many ages that 
 a Bishop from Rome should reside here without molestation 
 or disturbance, and that now, certaine seditions being arose 
 amongst his owne subjects, and denialls of his rights and dues, 
 to his great injury and endeavours to expell him from his 
 seat : that therefore his Excellency would grant a command 
 that the Bishop, as in former times, may continue in his 
 antient authority . . . without opposition or molestation." 
 This might at any rate serve until the times are better. I 
 promised the Bishop that you should act as far as possible, 
 but must leave to your judgment what is best to be done. 
 Letter Book, ii, p. 218. I p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIMON RENINGHEN, Resident for the Emperor. 
 
 1664-5, Jan. 23. Pera. Congratulating him on the happy 
 issue of his negotiations, and hoping to see him in Constantinople. 
 The little Leopold begins in words to profess himself his 
 Excellency's devoted servant. Ibid. p. 219. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 SIR HENRY BENNET to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 1664-5, Jan. 25. Whitehall. Recommending to his care 
 and friendship (by his Majesty's orders) Mr. Henry Howard 
 of Norfolk, who has, to satisfy his curiosity, resolved on a 
 journey to Constantinople ; he being " a person whose blood 
 and merits must needs be sufficiently known " to his 
 Excellency, and one whom the King " for all his good qualityes 
 doth most tenderly love and esteeme." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 MATTEO MONGIARDINI to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, [Jan. 28-]Feb. 7. Scio. In consequence of the 
 orders sent from Constantinople, their churches have been 
 restored, but they learn that their Metropolitan and liis 
 Greeks are going themselves thither, to endeavour, by means 
 of the Patriarch there, to obtain contrary orders. Prays his 
 Excellency's protection. He sends a case of oranges for her 
 Excellency, and would have sent the jasmine but the weather 
 is too cold, Italian. 1 p.
 
 350 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENRY BENNET. 
 
 1664-5, Jan. 30. Pera. The message brought by the 
 French courier has come to light, and is no other than a re- 
 presentation of the piracies committed by the Algerines on the 
 subjects of the French King, and that he judged it reasonable 
 to revenge himself, " reserving still his friendship and league 
 with the Grand Signor entire and inviolate " ; and also 
 intimating his desire to introduce an ambassador. The 
 courier departed hence post to Belgrade, but by the way 
 visiting the Chimacam at Adrianople, was received by him 
 with violent abuse of the French, " affording them at every 
 word no better terms than pirates, thieves, liars and the like." 
 Were he prime Vizier (he said) he would bestow on him 200 
 blows and send him to the gallies, but now he would send him 
 on to receive his due reward from the Vizier. 
 
 The Grand Signor is diverting himself at Dimotochum, but 
 is expected shortly at Constantinople to give audience to the 
 Emperor's ambassador. [The rest of the letter is in relation 
 to the Holland ships and their engrossing of the trade.] Letter 
 Book, ii, p. 220. 2| pp. {Original in 8. P. Turkey.} 
 
 THE SAME to SIGNOR BALARTNI. 
 
 1664-5, Jan. 30. Pera. Assuring him of his friendship, 
 and of his desire to help Signor Dolfin. The present time 
 does not seem suitable, but he hopes a better opportunity 
 may occur after the arrival of the Vizier Azim. Ibid. p. 222. 
 Italian. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to GEORGIO DRAPERHS. 
 
 1664-5, Jan. 3 1 . Pera. If the Vizier is coming to Adrianople 
 about Ramazan, it would save expense for you to remain there 
 to congratulate him. If he is to remain there, you shall have 
 provision for the usual presents, but if he is coming on to 
 Constantinople, you need only compliment him for me, and 
 say that on his arrival here I shall myself " tender him my 
 respects with more effectual testimonies." 
 
 I hear that since the recovery of the churches at Scio by the 
 Latins, the Greeks are returned to Adrianople with new 
 addresses. I know you will not be inactive in aiding your 
 own Church, and your endeavours in that business will be 
 very grateful to me. 
 
 As regards the Tayin [allowance], you must represent (as 
 from yourself) that the extraordinary respect shown to the 
 Emperor's ministers and increase of the Emperor's Tayin will 
 be very ill-taken by the King of Great Britain unless some 
 more than usual respect is showed to me, since my master is as 
 great a prince as any they represent ; that our journey is 
 farther hither, and we their constant friends, whereas these are 
 but enemies newly reconciled, and that you believe his Majesty 
 will recall me and send an inferior person, who may with less
 
 351 
 
 dishonour " digest this difference made, not between equals 
 but inferiors, as a Resident is to an Ambassador." You 
 should also instil into them the great preparations the French 
 King is again making for Barbary, and to help the Venetians ; 
 that they have no constant friend but my master, and that he 
 is solicited by many Princes against them upon very good 
 conditions ; and that when the Grand Signor has sent am- 
 bassadors to England, they have had their Tayin and been 
 treated at the charge of his Majesty. These may be good 
 motives to persuade them that my Master's friendship is 
 worthy the preservation, and I leave it to you whether to 
 " propose the substance hereof" to the Chimacam or to any 
 other. Letter Book, ii, p. 223. 2| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINOHILSEA to GEORGIO DRAPERIIS. 
 1664-5, Feb. 1. Pera. Last evening, as Mr. Townesend was 
 going from my house to his lodging, he was met by the Odabashee 
 of the Topgini [chief officer of the arsenal], and although he 
 declared himself my servant, he was thrown down and bastin- 
 adoed, with many abusive words concerning me and my office. 
 As it is against the capitulations to punish an Englishman 
 without due process, you must make a complaint to the Chima- 
 cam, and obtain an order for examination of the business here, 
 or for the punishment of him who has done this wrong to 
 a merchant. The affair has greatly scandalized our nation, 
 being talked of everywhere. Ibid. p. 226. Italian. 1 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1 664-5, Feb. 4. Pera. I hear from Aleppo that the creditors 
 of Stanton and Bishop are renewing their pretences upon the 
 consul and factory. If you cannot get a command from 
 the Chimacam that one Englishman (unless a pledge) is not 
 liable for the debts of another, I would have you signify to 
 some one, by whose means it may come to the Chimacam's 
 knowledge, that I very much complain of this usage, as " it 
 would be a very bad example for the future that no command 
 . . . should be obtained without presents of greater value 
 than the benefit expected." Do not part with any presents 
 unless the business cannot be managed without them ; but 
 if you cannot prevail, you may assure the Chimacam that after 
 the command is given, I shall gratify him as largely as he can 
 expect. Ibid. p. 227. 1| pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1664-5, Feb. 6. Pera. Informing him that the Chimacam 
 of Constantinople has ordered the assailant of Mr. Townsend 
 to be drubbed and dismissed his office, therefore no further 
 notice need be taken of the business. The Levant Company 
 wish him to procure the reparation of Morat Bassa's bridge. 
 Prays for Draperiis' advice as to this. Ibid. p. 228. f p.
 
 352 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MOEICE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664[-5], Feb. 7. I have had the felicity to receive three 
 letters from your Excellency within a few days, and am not 
 a little edified by your intelligence. 
 
 ' The posture of our affairs is much altered here, that 
 calme and security of peace which we lately enjoyed being 
 now turned to warre, at least preparations for it. [Repeats the 
 account of the parliament's vote and the king's answer given 
 on p. 337 above.] 
 
 " Forthwith heereuppon the Dutch begin to equip twenty 
 ships with great noyse and ostentation. His Majesty, not to 
 be surprised or to have only an harpe in his hand when they 
 had a javelin, makes also his naval equipage and sends my 
 lord of Sandwich to sea with fifteen or sixteen saile. While 
 the two fleetes lye at distance and in quietnes, corns intelligence 
 that captaine Holmes, who was sent forth by the Royal 
 Company for Guiny, had taken som fortes about Cabo Verde, 
 and som Dutch ships ; whereof the West Indian Company 
 of the Netherlands put up their complaints to the Estates 
 General, and they make them over to the Kinge by their 
 imbassador resident heere, and demand present restitution 
 of the fortes and satisfaction for the dammages. His Majesty 
 answered that he knew nothing of the matter of fact, but 
 was sure that Holmes had no commission or order from him 
 to make any attempts upon any the subjects of the Estates, 
 for he would not infringe the peace, but inviolably observe 
 it-, if they did not necessitate him by their provocations to 
 breake it. But he understood from the Royal Company 
 that the West India Company of the Netherlands had taken 
 twenty of their ships, offered them many affronts, donne 
 them many injuryes, wherof having complained to there 
 superiors, and demanded satisfaction, after divers yeeres 
 delay, they could obtaine no redresse, and ' whither ' Holmes 
 had now fought to take that satisfaction and doe the company 
 that right which the Dutch would not give his Majesty 
 could not tell, but it becom him to heare the partyes on all 
 sides and examine the matter before he could give sentence 
 or issue orders in the case, but he assured them they might 
 expect all right and due justice from him when he should 
 have perfect cognizance of the matters of facte. This 
 answer, which might have satisfied reasonable men, they were 
 not content with, but supposing to affright his Majesty with 
 their briske resolutions or surprise him with their nimble pre- 
 parations, they resolve to equip and accordingly doe prepare 
 twelve ships with 400 or 500 land souldiers, to recover 
 what they had lost in Guiny and to right themselves uppon 
 the English there. His Majesty adviseth them to forbeare 
 and surcease this course, which must needes drawe after it 
 ill consequences, for if they would espouse all the rapines 
 and violencyes of their subjects it would be impossible to 
 preserve amity betweene them, and if they would defend the
 
 353 
 
 West India Company (which was become a confederacy of 
 pyrates) in wronge, he could not but finde himselfe obliged 
 to defend his subjects in the right. Beside, what ever injuries 
 were donne by the subjects of one ally or dammages suffered 
 by the other, by the late treaty betweene the nations, a yeere 
 was limited to seeke reparation, which must elapse without 
 satisfaction given, until they came to extreme remedyes. 
 Notwithstanding they persist in the first resolution, and 
 publish a manifesto to justify the undertaking, whereof they 
 sent his Majesty a copy, as it were in defiance of him. The 
 King findes himselfe engaged to send a fleete in defense of his 
 subjects whom they threatened to assault. Their fleete lay 
 so long windbound that ours, consisting of twelve of his 
 Majistyes and six of the Companyes, were under saile before 
 them. Many traverses there were to reconcile and compound 
 the busines, but while we were treating, to the rest of their 
 injuries they adde this treachery, that whereas De Rutter 
 was in the Straights with a fleete of fifteen saile against the 
 pyrates of Algiers, and they had solemnly desired that his 
 Majestyes naval forces there might acte in conjunction, or at 
 least hold good correspondency with them, which was assented 
 to, they turne those forces against his Majesty, and by a 
 private order from De Witte, pensionary of Holland, and two 
 or three more of that province, De Rutter leaves the Straights, 
 sailes directly for Cabo Verde, findes seven or eight merchants 
 ships there and one of his Majistyes. They had intelligence 
 a day before of his comminge, saw him timely enough at his 
 approach to have escaped or unloaded their cargous, and 
 runne themselves under the safeguard of their castles ; but to 
 the great losse of honor as of interest to the nation, they 
 were infatuate and disanimated and uppon De Rutters 
 entrance into the bay sent to demand what he required of 
 them, who answered he had nothing to say or doe to the 
 Kinges ship ; for the rest they soone came to capitulation 
 that the ships should be let goe free, the cargous delivered 
 to him uppon account, for which the Dutch West India 
 Company should be responsible, but all the private goods and 
 adventures of the masters and sailors be left to them. What 
 is since becom of de Rutter or which way he hath directed his 
 course we have no intelligence, but of his orders to goe from 
 the Mediterranean I had notice timely enough, and com- 
 municated it, but it would not be believed and was thought 
 impossible. Sir John Lawson was about that time recalled 
 from the Straights and Captaine Allen sent to command in 
 his place, who hath since made peace with those of Algiers 
 and might easily have frustrated De Rutters designe. The 
 King finding himself thus deluded and injured, and the Dutch 
 increasing their equipage and pretending to send more succors 
 to Guiny which should passe the Channel in defiance of alf 
 our resistance, his Majesty alters his determination of sending 
 forth Prince Rupert who was General by sea and land of the 
 Wt. 29495. FI 23
 
 354 
 
 forces destined for Guiny, and in short time makes ready 
 betwixt fifty or sixty saile of royal ships in three squadrons 
 under his Royal Highness (who personally was imbarqued), 
 Prince Rupert, the Earle of Sandwich, many young lords and 
 gallants of the Courte attended the Duke in the expedition, 
 but the Dutch finding our fleete too strong for theirs, mixt 
 water with their wine, shrunke in their homes, and after all 
 their vapors and vaunts, paid of their men and laid up their 
 ships ; but his Majesty to revenge and repaire himselfe, tooke 
 in a weeke or forthnight above 120 of their ships, and Allen 
 in the Mediterranean fell on their Smyrna fleete, whereof 
 he sanke two (one whereof worth ten tun of gold) and tooke 
 three and had donne them more mischeife, but that the fight 
 happened in a storme when he could not use his lower tire 
 and had a weeke before in a darke night by the negligence 
 and ignorance of the masters, lost two frigates that ran aground 
 in the Bay of Gibraltar. The Duke, finding no enemy daring 
 to encounter him, returned to land, so did the Prince, but 
 my lord of Sandwich is still cruzinge at sea with 20 saile or 
 more, and now and then takes a prize, as they doe somtime 
 catch som of ours, but they uppon our first attaquing them 
 dispatcht posts over land to warne all their ships to keepe 
 close in harbore ; som of theirs have adventured by the north 
 of Scotland but have suffered unexpressible miseryes. No 
 warre is declared, their embassador remaines heere, ours with 
 them, they have granted forth letters of marte, but we have 
 issued none to the natives heere, chiefly because the saylors 
 shall not engage in capers and privateirs until the royal fleete 
 be furnished, mariners being our greatest wante, and partly 
 because we would not appeare to be aggressors, but to be on 
 the defensative, for the sheete anchor of Holland is France 
 and the assistance hoped from that king, who by the articles 
 of the late allyance, if they be assaulted, is obliged to furnish 
 them with so many men ; and France professeth to be un- 
 satisfied who is the aggressor and made the first assault, 
 and uppon that account hath hitherto delayed them, not- 
 withstanding their importunityes. We have no great confidence 
 in the friendship of France and doe as little feare their enmity. 
 We suspect they will juggle on both sides, but France is like 
 to have som diversion, havinge designed 10,000 men for the 
 assistance of Savoy against Genoa, and drawing downe other 
 forces toward Flanders, where the Marques Castle Roderigo, 
 that succeeded Sarazone [i.e. the Marques de Caracena] in that 
 government, armes powerfully, and the Marques of Baden, that 
 was General against the Turke, is com thither with one 
 regiment, and eight more are expected of horse and foote from 
 the Emperor, who (as it is said) shall have Flanders in dowry 
 with the Infanta of Spaine. 
 
 k His Majesty hath sent Mr. Coventry to Sueden and Sir Gilbert 
 Talbot to Denmarke to excite them against Holland out of a 
 sentiment of the injuries and indignityes donne them, and to
 
 355 
 
 unite them more closely and firmly in an allyance with his 
 Majesty, which negotiations are much advanced, and. the 
 circle of Westphalia, consisting of the Elector of Brandenburgh, 
 Duke of Neuburgh, Bishops of Colen, Mentz, Munster etc. 
 all which have beene injured and damnified by the Hollander, 
 are now mett together, thinking this a fit juncture to seeke 
 their reparation ; but the parliament that mett in November 
 have expressed great affection to his Majestyes service and 
 the honor and interest of the nation, and have given him 
 2,500,000 pounds to be paid in monthly proportions within 
 three yeares. We are equipping ships with all possible vigor 
 and activity and before April hope to have imbodied 120 
 saile. The Dutch are not short of their preparations and are 
 high in their confidence and vauntings." Holograph. 2 pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664-5, Feb. 8. Aleppo. The creditors are sending two 
 persons, the Mufti of Mussell and Mahomet Chelebee, the 
 Bagdad merchant, who sold his silk to Stanton and Bishop, 
 to Constantinople. They are endeavouring to prove M_r. 
 Barnardiston a partner with Stanton and Bishop, and it is to be 
 feared that before the thing is ended there will be a great deal 
 of trouble. 
 
 To-day we expect the rest of our cloth by our two general 
 ships. Mr. Barnardiston has sent orders to the captains not to 
 land what belongs to Sir Samuel, Mr. Nathaniel or Mr. Pelatia 
 Barnardiston. None of the factors seem to concern themselves 
 with what belongs to Mr. Richard Holsworthy and his brothers. 
 James Bancks demands the cloth belonging to Sir John 
 Frederick and Mr. Chowne, but the captains refuse to deliver 
 it until he gives sufficient security. 1J pp. 
 
 FRA FRANCESCO MARIA POLIZZI, Guardian of Mount Zion, 
 
 to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, Feb. [8-]18. Jerusalem. Informing his Excellency 
 of his own promotion to the government of the Holy Land 
 and imploring him to continue his protection and favour. 
 Italian. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE SAME. 
 
 1664[-5], Feb. 10. Smyrna. A command is come from 
 the Vizier to stop all ships in port, to carry soldiers and 
 provisions for Candia ; but the English, happily, having no 
 ships here, will be only lookers on in that action. 1 p. 
 
 A small ship from Venice is come in under English colours 
 and Mr. Mowse, our treasurer, claims consulage, but I con- 
 ceive that is only due when the commander and most part 
 of the mariners are English subjects. 
 Enclosing : 
 
 The "manifesto," i.e. a list of goods and to whom con- 
 signed. Italian. 1 p.
 
 356 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1*664-5, Feb. 14. Aleppo. Concerning the Emeen's refusal 
 to deliver the goods brought by the Company's general ships 
 until he has opened every bale and estimated his duty accord- 
 ingly, " pretending that by the late renewed capitulations he 
 had a liberty soe to do." His Excellency cannot appear too 
 severe against the Emeen for his pretences, "for if he gaine 
 the least ground upon our priviledges, we shall know no end 
 of his troubles." These two ships will pay him about 25,000 
 dollars in duties, " which doubtless, if the Grand Signor or 
 Grand Vizier were acquainted, it would occasion him to be 
 severely reproved, if not ruined, for giving our nation such 
 disturbance." 2 pp. 
 
 ALDERMAN WILLIAM LOVE to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, Feb. 15. London. I have clearly discerned the 
 design of some persons to disparage me to your lordship as 
 a traitor and schismatic, it being obvious that the Company's 
 just demands against Sir Thomas Bendyshe (whom I, amongst 
 others, am entrusted to prosecute) would go but slowly 
 forward if the Earl of Winchilsea was engaged to espouse 
 the same quarrel. 
 
 The Solicitor General has read to me a clause of a letter 
 from your Excellency on the matter, and has advised me to 
 defend myself. But I am more puzzled to guess at the 
 accusations than to justify myself. ' ' Was it that I am a 
 Non-conformist? If by that terme they meane one who 
 concurres not in every point of church government (for in 
 doctrinals I am a Protestant* throughout) I dare not disowne 
 it ... and were the accusation reduced to that head, possibly 
 I should give a better reason (I am sure it would be an 
 honester) for my not conforming . . . than the informer can 
 for accusing me 
 
 " Was it that I frequently oppose the granting your lordship 
 an unlimited power in disposing of the Company's money? 
 I owne it to be true, and when your Excellency shall consider 
 the strict oaths under which I am . . . and how inconsistent 
 such a concession is with the very being of the Company, I 
 am confident your lordship will much rather conclude that 
 they who, unaskt by your lordship, seeme so willing to yeeld 
 up their propertie, designe not your lordship's honour nor 
 advantage in it, than that those who hold it unreasonable do 
 you disservice ; since your noble mind can make no other use 
 of such a power than to evince that though you are capable 
 of wronging the Company, yet you will not, whereas the Com- 
 pany's granting it would be attended with innumerable 
 mischiefs, as (to instance no more) an overturning at once all 
 their owne arguments against Sir Thomas Bendysh's placing 
 
 * The word is used in its then very common sense, as the antithesis not of 
 Papist but of Puritan.
 
 357 
 
 many thousand pounds to their account, with little or no 
 reason." 
 
 These therefore, cannot be the reason, so I descend to what 
 you yourself assign as the cause, namely, my letter to the 
 consul of Smyrna, of which I send you a copy, and pray you 
 not so to disparage my discretion as to suppose I wished to 
 justify "so turbulent, impertinent, and unsteady a person 
 as Mr. Broadgate," when my only aim was to keep up the 
 Company's authority, which was plainly struck at by the 
 application to your Excellency for a warrant to send Mr. 
 Broadgate home a prisoner. 
 
 Seven years ago we talked of laying down our charter, " to 
 so low an ebb had some disorderly members of the Company 
 brought the esteeme of our woollen manufacture in Turkey. 
 But what an alteration is of late made through your Excellencies 
 good conduct and countenancing the Company in requiring 
 obedience to their late regulation, is visible to all beholders." 
 You have revived a dying trade, and it could not possibly 
 be to my interest to contend with you in any way ; I therefore 
 pray to know my accusers, and of what I am accused. If 
 Mr. Cave has done it, he has shown himself both ignorant 
 and weak. I have taxed him home with it, and await his 
 reply. Meanwhile, I pray your Excellency not to believe 
 that, while I am discharging my trust to the Company, I am 
 designing against your honour. 4 pp, [ When too late to trans- 
 pose this letter, it was found that its true date is 1665-6, as shown 
 by Cave's letter on p. 417 below. The letter enclosed being clearly 
 written in 1664-5, led to the mistake.} 
 
 Enclosing, 
 
 Copy of letter to Consul Cave. 
 
 1664[-5], Feb. 10. London. When you see that I have 
 kept your letters (the last dated 10 July) until I could 
 answer them without charge of postage, you will con- 
 clude "that I esteemed not their contents much to 
 concern me." 
 
 As to the question whether I moved the Company to 
 recall you, " I assure you I did, because I could not 
 apprehend it possible for them to assert their authoritie 
 by any better way. For how slight a matter soever 
 yourself e and others make of sending home Mr. Broad - 
 gate prisoner, possibly upon second thoughts you may 
 thinke it a high justification of the factors' attempt to 
 send away Mr. Baker. And if it be drawne into president 
 with respect to yourself . . . who is to be thanked ? 
 That Mr. Broadgate is a person not overstored with 
 prudence nor policie is evident enough, and so you 
 had told the Company often, who required thereuppon 
 an accompt of passages, that so they might condemne 
 or vindicate him. Instead of which you appeale 
 from them to the Ambassadour, and so get him sent
 
 358 
 
 home, though as imediatelie dependant uppon the 
 Company as yourselfe." 1 p. 
 
 ALDERMAN LOVE to PAUL RICAUT. 
 
 1664[-5], Feb. 15. London. On the differences between 
 Lord Winchilsea and the Company, especially as regards the 
 journey to Adrianople. The chief point at issue "is in the 
 dispose of their money, he resenting that they would limit 
 him, and they that he would be boundless. And that I have 
 taken their part I may not deny, not as thinking it possible 
 for them to prescribe when and where he shall disburse every 
 asper, but . . . holding it more equal that his lordship 
 should beleeve they will allow of what is reasonable then for 
 them to declare beforehand that they will approve of what 
 ever an ambassador doth ; which power, though his lordship 
 is of more noble principles then to abuse, yet have they reason 
 (grounded on former sad experience) to take heed how they 
 grant, not knowing how soone his lordship may please to 
 retire home, nor who may succeed him." 1| pp. Seal with 
 monogram. 
 
 SIR HENRY BENNET to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664-5, Feb. 16. Whitehall. Recommending the Cavaliere 
 Durazzo, brother to the Marquis of that name, late Ambassador 
 Extraordinary to his Majesty from the State of Genoa, who 
 intends to accompany the Count Lesly in his solemn embassy 
 to the Porte. 
 
 While in England with his brother he behaved himself much 
 to the satisfaction of the King and the whole Court, and " by 
 the particular devotion and respect he and his family are said 
 to have " for his Majesty, he may very well deserve his 
 Excellency's kindness. Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 LORD CHANCELLOR CLARENDON to THE SAME. 
 
 [1664-5,] Feb. 16. Worcester House. " This gentleman, 
 who understakes this longe voyage to serve your lordshipp 
 as your Chaplayne, givinge me notice of his purpose, though 
 very few howres before he was oblidged to begynn his journy, 
 I would not loose the opportunity of kissinge your hands, in 
 acknowledgemente of the favours I have receaved from you. 
 Since my last to you, I receaved the manuscript of St. Gregory's 
 workes, for which I give you many thankes, but I see there 
 must be more then ordinary skill in the perusall of those 
 bookes, for though at first a very good scholar after having 
 spent foure dayes upon it, assured me that it was very fitt for 
 the University Lybrary, another more experienced in the 
 hande and the language founde greate defects in it, and many 
 leaves wantinge in severall places, so that I keepe it by me.
 
 359 
 
 " My Lord Treasurer and I have not scene each other these 
 two moneths, havinge so longe bene kept asunder by the 
 gowte, which hath possessed us both with some severity, but 
 I hope a few dayes now will bringe us agayne togither. Wee 
 are now (I doubte a little to soone) imbarked in a feirce warr 
 against the Duch, so that you will shortly heare our cannon 
 even in those seas, and how the French will inclyne themselves 
 in the quarrell, wee are yett farr from knowinge. You will 
 tell us how the Turke is pleased with the behaviour of the 
 French towards him, and whether he hath any immoderate 
 affection to the Duch ; you will by the end of March or the 
 beginninge of Aprill, see a fellow subjecte, a great Ambassadour 
 with you at Constantinople, for the Count Lashly [Lesley] 
 (a Scotchman) writes to me that he goes Extraordinary 
 Ambassador from the Emperour to the Grand Signior for 
 confirminge the peace, and I have writt to him that the Kinge 
 would advise your Lordship to a very franke correspondence 
 with him, which his Majesty would have you observe towards 
 him, he beinge of very good affection to our master." 
 Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664[-5], Feb. 17. Smyrna. The Anne and Elizabeth has 
 arrived, bringing letters from Livorno with the news that 
 Captain Allen has had a hot dispute with the Dutch near 
 Gales [Cadiz], taking three ships and sinking two, one of these 
 last (the King Solomon) being worth 1,200,000 dollars. Just 
 before this engagement, Captain Allen lost two of his frigates 
 on the rocks near Gibraltar, but saved the men, guns, masts 
 and most of the tackling. 
 
 I have received a letter from Sir Thomas Blud worth, giving 
 some particulars of parson Broadgate's behaviour before the 
 Company, "which was very ridiculous, for (to use his own 
 words) hee told him that a yeares time would have binn ill 
 bestowed by any att the University, to have produced so 
 meane an orator or so slight an accuser." But the Company 
 is angry with me for obtaining a warrant to send Broadgate 
 home. Sir Thomas " endeavoured to stop the noise " by 
 assuring them that the warrant was given from your 
 Excellency's "care not to suffer the Company to be em- 
 broiled," and was done by a commission which he could 
 answer ; but this would not stay the zeal of some, and the 
 matter was referred to a committee, "who voted it to bee 
 injurious to the Company to have any minister of theirs sent 
 home without their consent. My humble request is, that . . . 
 in righting yourselfe, you would also doe mee the like favour ; 
 for I send you here the copie of the Bishop of London's letter 
 [wanting] ... by which your Excellencie will perceive how 
 well your action in that case is approved of, though by the 
 Company so unhandsomely dealt withall. There is (as some
 
 360 
 
 write) one Mr. Luke chozen, who comes a minister upon the 
 generall shipps." 2| pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WENOHILSEA. 
 
 1664[-5], Feb. 18. Smyrna. As the Anne and Elizabeth 
 was " coming by the Dutch men of warr which lye without 
 the Castle," she was fired at and boarded by them in a 
 hostile manner. The master was brought before the Dutch 
 commanders, who told him that he came with an English 
 commission, but he showed them the Duke of Florence's 
 patent, and declared that if they offered to detain him, he 
 would send to Smyrna, " where no question he should have 
 right done him ; whereupon . . . they let him pass, hee 
 coming in under a redd antient, and under my protection. 
 Wee looke upon this business here as a great affront offered 
 us, and more especially to the Grand Signer, to have his port 
 blockt up by Dutch men of warr ... It will bee very expedient 
 that your Excellencie bee pleased to consult what is best to 
 bee done ... in regard wee are in dayly expectation of English 
 shipping, which may be surprised unawares. No question 
 if they should offer to seyze upon any of our shipps in the 
 Grand Signer's port, remedy might have binn found . . . 
 however a command for prevention in such cases would not 
 bee amisse . . ." If pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINOHILSEA to GEORGIO DRAPERIIS. 
 
 1664-5, Feb. 21. Pera. Approves of his design to meet the 
 Vizier at Sofia or " Phillipoli," and sends the petty presents 
 he asks for. Desires his advice in regard to coming himself 
 to Adrianople, in case the Vizier remains long at that place. 
 Letter Book, ii, p. 229. If pp. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664[-5], Feb. 22. Smyrna. " . . . These are only to 
 accompany the Customer himself e, who comming to take his 
 leave of mee, desired a letter for your Excellencie. I cannot 
 make any just laments against him, though our factory do not 
 much approve of him, in regard hee lookes more strictly to 
 his office than others have done," but your Excellency may 
 please to give him a charge not to bring any new custom upon 
 us, or act anything against our capitulations. 
 
 A Quaker from Leghorn has arrived by the Anne and 
 Elizabeth, and was very desirous to go with the Customer to 
 Constantinople, " but fearing hee might make some great 
 disturbance there, and give your Excellencie further trouble 
 in sending of him back, I have stopt his journey," intending 
 to send him back to Livorne. 
 
 " I have had some discourse with the Customer concerning 
 the two Dutch men of warr . . . , who promised to use his 
 endeavour for a remedy." I pray your Excellency to take
 
 361 
 
 some speedy course in the matter, lest our ships be snapped 
 up unawares. The Anne and Elizabeth continues under the 
 red ancient ; therefore I think the consulage cannot belong to 
 the Company, " being in the nature of a Ragusian." 
 
 Postscript. " The Customer not holding his day," this goes 
 by Mr. Temple and Mr. Mellish. 2 pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 NICOLAS PENNYNG to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664[-5], Feb. 24. London. I hope the Turkey letters will 
 be to your content. " What poor Mr. Hedges will doe in the 
 end for disbursinge of moneys without the Company's order 
 I know not, unless you take him into your honourable protec- 
 tion ; I dare not advise more about it. They have given your 
 Excellency 2,000 dollars gratuity, which is supposed will 
 heale all. I wish it may." p. 
 
 JOHN JOLIFFE tO THE SAME. 
 
 1664[-5], Feb. 27. London. Stating that his lordship's 
 efforts have so revived the trade of Constantinople (which the 
 two that went before him had depressed to nothing) that he 
 is enlarging his adventures thither, and assuring him that 
 ' ' setting aside those differences that have arisen upon point 
 of property (that their money is not to bee disposed without 
 their consent, which by the English law is soe ingraven in 
 the English nature that the Prince himselfe doth not assume 
 power thereof against the meanest subject)," the Company 
 have a higher esteem of his lordship's management of their 
 affairs than of any of his predecessors. 
 
 Sir Henry Bennet has very civilly assured the Company 
 " that their consent shall bee taken to goe along with such 
 commands as concern them in point of charge." 1 p. 
 
 SIR ANDREW RICCARD, Governor of the Levant Company, 
 to THE SAME. 
 
 1664-5, Feb. 28. London. Mr. Secretary Bennet com- 
 municated to the Company yours to the King concerning a 
 second Adrianople journey, to which they returned answer 
 plainly and bluntly though humbly " that they were a company 
 that had noe stocke nor publicke purse, and that they held 
 themselves not obliged to disburse any money out of their 
 particular purses other then what appertained to the necessary 
 support of the trade ; which answer did at last so satisfie that 
 Mr. Secretary Bennett tould some of us that we should heare 
 noe more of any thing of that nature. My Lord Chancellor 
 took notice of the matter in Council (the King present), at 
 which time I declared before the Council your many good and 
 eminent services, and all the soberer part of us bear just testi- 
 mony to your encouragement of our trade, " witnesse the 
 dispatch of foure great shipps fully laden with 18,000 broad 
 clothes in these danger ouse times ; wherein the King, the Duke
 
 362 
 
 and Councell have bin very kinde and favorable to us, against 
 the opinion of his Majesties most eminent sea commanders." 
 In testimony of their gratitude to you, they have ordered their 
 treasurer to entreat you to accept 2,000 pieces of 8. 
 
 I hope your Excellency will approve of Mr. Denton as 
 your chaplain, who was recommended to us by Mr. Solicitor. 
 " God hath bin pleased to direct us unto the choise of an 
 excellent person [Mr. Luke] for that employment at Smirna, 
 eminently knowne for his learning, piety and prudence, 
 deservedly esteemed in the University, whereto he was agreate 
 ornament, and his leaveing the same much lamented, after 
 seventeen yeares hard and the best studies ; yet as much 
 satisfied and pleased with this imployment as if the King had 
 given him a Bishopprick, whereof in due time he may be as 
 capable as any man I know of his standing ; yett the humblest, 
 most modest, and the most contented person I ever mett with. 
 . . . He is and ever was fully conformable to the doctrine and 
 discipline of the Church of England." 1| pp. Signed. Seal 
 of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to GEORGIO DRAPERIIS. 
 
 1664-5, March 2-12. Pera. Hears that the Subashee of 
 Belgrade has gone into his house in that town and dragged out 
 and publicly bastinadoed his servant, for having begun to 
 make a sepe in the house, as is allowed to every peasant. 
 Desires Draperiis to obtain his dismissal from his office. Letter 
 Book, ii, p. 233. Italian. \ p. 
 
 THE BISHOP OF Scio to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, March [7-] 17. Scio. Thanking him for his kind 
 letter announcing the arrival of the huntsman, and stating 
 that so far things go on favourably ; but the Greeks do not 
 cease to threaten them, being still in hopes that their Metro- 
 politan may bring fresh orders against the Latins from 
 Adrianople. Italian. 1| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to GEORGIO DRAPERIIS. 
 
 1664-5, March 9. Pera. Has already told him why he 
 thinks it neither honourable or reasonable " to present the 
 biramluks " at Adrianople, especially as the Dutch and 
 French, who have had more important affairs there, have 
 excused this charge. As, however, expectation has been 
 raised so high, as to these presents, that they cannot be refused 
 " without making public enmity with the Chimacam," he 
 must yield to the shameless demands. But his only motive 
 is necessity, and he would have the Chimacam told that he 
 expects his help in procuring the Tayin, since he is so free and 
 liberal to him with his presents. Letter Book, ii, p. 234. | p.
 
 363 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1664[-5], March 14. Smyrna. " ... I would willingly 
 comply with your Excellence's request in wayting upon you 
 by our generall shipp, but know not yett what tart letter I 
 may receive from the Company for my last visitt, beeing informed 
 some pennes have binn too busy in telling them I neglected 
 my place." Some men, both in that and in the business of the 
 parson, have incensed the Company against me. " I hope 
 I shall doe nothing that I might bee ashamed to show my 
 face for, . . . [but] I am not a little troubled that I should 
 upon every slight occasion bee censured by those whome I 
 have served faithfully. Concerning the French gentleman, 
 Monsieur de Ligne, hee departed hence, with two other gentle- 
 men that spoke Turkish and Persian, with the last caravan 
 that went for Persia, but his designe is kept secret, giving 
 out they went as travellers to see those countryes. 
 
 " I shall bee very watchfull over the Dutch, and if possible 
 mid some intimate of theirs that may give notice of all their 
 designes. . . . There are letters of reprisall graunted upon the 
 Dutch from his Majestie, and shipps dayly taken and made 
 prize of." The Governor [of the Company] has been to the 
 King for a convoy, but " hee persuaded them to stay awhile, 
 in regard hee had recalled Allen ; but if they would have their 
 shipps goe, hee would bee as good as his word, and graunt 
 them a convoy ; so the latest letters say there was a convoy 
 graunted of six shipps, two of the Kings and four merchant 
 men made men of warr, whereof the Eagle was one, and they 
 were to depart the beginning of February. Here is a strong 
 report that Tangier is sold to the French, but cannot tell how 
 to beleive it, comming onely from Marsiglia." 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1664[-5], March 14. Smyrna. The Dutch convoy have 
 left the port, but are hovering about the islands. I hope the 
 men of war coming with our general ships may meet with 
 them. That they may not surprise us unawares, I have a 
 druggerman at Fogio, " who dayly lookes out to give notice 
 to any English ship," and will remain there till the Dutch 
 have doubled the cape. They have shot at a French ship, 
 and would have boarded him, but having a fresh gale he 
 got away. All their excuse is that they " supposed him an 
 English ship under French colours, but this satisfys not the 
 monsieurs, they intending to make their complaint at 
 Constantinople." If I find the French Consul cordial, I shall 
 endeavour " to bring an entreague upon them." (Written 
 after making up his packet.) \\ pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1664-5, March 21, 23. Aleppo. Two letters concerning 
 cloth detained by the Erneen, the custom to be paid there- 
 upon &c. Copies. On the same sheet. 2 pp.
 
 364 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE DUCHESS OF SOMERSET. 
 
 1664-5, March 23. Pera. " ... I am exceedingly obliged 
 to your Grace for your great care of my children, and par- 
 ticularly for sending my sonne Will to Cambridge and Heneage 
 to Chelsy. As for the allowance for Maidstone, I desire it 
 may bee proportionable to his quality and condition " and 
 beseech your Grace to take the advice of my Lord Bridgeman 
 and my cousin Solicitor in the matter. 
 
 I also pray you to press them to obtain for me the Company's 
 yearly gratuity of 2,000 dollars, for having been here above 
 four years, I have only received it twice. 
 
 " K they have not paid this, it is by the malice of some 
 Presbiterians amongst them, who are displeased at my 
 sending home a factious Presbiterian minister from Smyrna, 
 whom the Turky Company have so farre abetted both against 
 myself and the Consul of that place, and in contempt also to 
 the censure of the Bishop of London, who hath silenced him, 
 that they have vented many approbrious speeches against 
 myself " and have detained from the Consul a great part of 
 his yearly gratuity. If his Majesty and my friends were 
 rightly informed of this, they would better judge of the temper 
 of the prevailing part of these merchants ; in which matter 
 I believe your Grace may do me better offices than any other. 
 Letter Book., ii, p. 235. 1| pp. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1664-5, March 24. Pera. I am infinitely obliged to my 
 most gracious master for vindicating me in the unjust and 
 unmannerly demands of the Company (for the money laid out 
 at Adrianople upon his Majesty's service), after he himself 
 had commanded them to acquiesce, "which is lesse respect 
 to his sacred Majestic then was showne formerly to the Arch- 
 traytour Cromwell." 
 
 If the Company has stopped my gratuity " upon any dislike 
 of my sending hence their factious minister from Smyrna, and 
 vindicating the consul ... I hope you will use your endeavours 
 to see me righted." Of this I have written more at large to 
 my Lady Duchess. My wife and I desire our services to your 
 lady, and are much rejoiced to hear of your recovery, heartily 
 praying for the long continuance of your health. I pray you 
 ask my friends to send me their letters in duplicate, for they 
 often miscarry, " and may now also be intercepted by the 
 base Butter boxes [i.e. the Dutch], who have lately offered 
 an abuse to a French ship at Smyrna, which I hope the French 
 will make them pay dearly for." Ibid, ii, p. 237. 1 p. 
 
 INTELLIGENCE. 
 
 1664-5, March 24. Constantinople. The French courier 
 has had audience of the Vizier at Belgrade, who was much 
 more moderate than the Chimacam of Adrianople, "advising
 
 365 
 
 the French for the future to bee more wise, and not to possesse 
 the Grand Signer's townes and forts in Barbary, and (though 
 their King might be provoked) to ruine the people of that 
 country and burne and pillage their townes." Other matters 
 he deferred until the arrival of a new ambassador, permission 
 being given to the son of Monsieur La Haye to succeed his 
 father. It is the vulgar report that the Turkish force is to be 
 turned upon Dalmatia, but the " most certain and secret " 
 design is to send a great part of the army to Candy, whither 
 lately 1,500 soldiers have been sent, " and yet by the plague 
 and other destructions, the Turks in that island are reduced 
 to a bad condition." The Grand Signer still continues his 
 aversion to Constantinople, and nothing but a forced necessity 
 will reconcile him to it. Letter Book, ii, p. 238. f p. 
 
 Enclosed in a letter to Sir H. Bennett of the same date. 
 [The original of which letter is in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE BISHOP OF Scio and PARIDE GIUSTINIANO and TOMASO 
 D'ANDREA, deputies, to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, [March 29-] April 8. Scio. Although they are now in 
 possession of their churches, the Greeks still try in all ways 
 to molest and injure them, and now say that their Metropolitan 
 is returning with the "maledeto papa." Pray his Excellency 
 to do his utmost to procure the removal of this latter, for while 
 he is there the Latin rite will never have quiet. The Greeks 
 are now sending one to act against them at Constantinople, 
 and in very truth, they are in danger of ruin. Signed. 
 Italian. 1| pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, April 14. Aleppo. Concerning the Emeen's proceed- 
 ings in holding back cloth belonging to the merchants.* He 
 expects a present, but if, after putting both the factory and 
 his Excellency to so much trouble and expence, " he should 
 be presented." it would occasion continual trouble, and 
 every Emeen would follow his example. Prays his lordship 
 to cause him to be made an example of, for if he should go 
 unpunished after doing the trade so much damage it would be 
 of very ill consequence in the future. 
 
 Those stones " wherein are naturally the figures of trees, 
 cannot be had in these parts . . . but are only brought 
 from Mocha, a place in the gulf of Persia, and sent from thence, 
 per via India, for England." He is writing to the agent at 
 Gombroone to try to procure some of the best. 
 
 When Stanton and Bishop fled, Mr. Loe had a horse in their 
 stable, and books and papers in his chamber there, which 
 are kept from him. Prays that orders may be sent for their 
 deliverv to him. 
 
 * There arc other letters during the next few weeks on the same subject, 
 which do not need to be noticed separately.
 
 366 
 
 Has received a packet from India, with letters from his 
 Majesty's forces at Angediva, announcing the death of Sir 
 Abraham Shipman. All his officers being before dead, he 
 made his secretary, Mr. Humphrey Cooke, Lieut. -General of 
 his Majesty's forces. " There was remaining on the island of 
 Andegiva about 130 souldiers, two only dyed there this year. 
 They were, the 16th June last, preparing for to take possession 
 of the island of Bombain, having, upon receipt of his Majesty's 
 packet . . . permission from the Vice-roy of Goa." 
 
 The letters sent to President Oxendin, acquainting him with 
 the probability of war with Holland, arrived time enough for 
 the factories to secure themselves and the East India Company's 
 estates from surprisal. The power of the Dutch in those 
 parts is very great, " they having already eight men of 
 warr riding at Swally [Suwali] Hole, which is the scale of 
 Surat." 
 
 The President writes that " they have lived free from 
 molestation by Sevage, that great rebell that plundered Surat, 
 who continually in (sic, is) roving up and down and hath 
 seized several! townes in the MogulTs dominions, as he did 
 Surat. Notwithstanding the King hath a potent army against 
 him, he was lately gone far downe that coast, so low as Goa, 
 upon some designe fortifying all passages, to secure the enemy 
 from falling upon him. The Mogull is sending a great army 
 against the King of Vizapore, which, being oppressed by the 
 rebell Sevage, called to aid the King of India, who, freeing 
 him from further feare of Sevage, [he] hath slipt his neck 
 out of the choller, and left them two to grapple, looking upon 
 Sevage as a bulwarke against the King of India, and hath 
 privately assisted him with money to carry on the warr, 
 himself not sending any force against him, for which reasons 
 the King of India makes warr upon the King of Vizapore. 
 The King of Gulcondah hath a great army upon his frontiers, 
 fearing least the King of India's Army should fall upon him. 
 . . . For the valour the English showed at Surat, in defending 
 the Company's house and that part of the towne where it 
 stood, the king has permitted the honourable East India 
 Company trade free from customs for one whole year, both 
 in and out, besides what future priviledges may accrue to them." 
 The Queen of Atcheene, on the coast of Sumatra, having asked 
 the President to send a person of quality to treat with her about 
 settling an English factory there, he appointed Mr. Henry 
 Gary, who embarked upon the ship Vine. Unfortunately, 
 by the wilfulness of the commander, she was suddenly overset, 
 but Mr. Gary saved himself by swimming until the boats 
 took him up. The commander, two factors, six sailors and 
 about 40 passengers were lost, with the ship and goods. 
 
 The expection concerning the Muscovite ambassador's 
 business and entertainment at the court of Spahaune is all 
 come to nothing, as the ambassador died suddenly after his 
 first audience. 2| pp.
 
 367 
 
 INTELLIGENCE from ISPAHAN. 
 
 [No date.] "His Majestie of Persia having made all things 
 in a readinesse with great solemnity for the reception of the 
 Russhia embassador, the 19th August ... all his lords of 
 his Court being come before the pallace with all his officers 
 and pentioners, which made a very fine show, the King at three 
 o'clock in the afternoone himselfe appeared in his gallery." 
 After an hour or more, the ambassador not having appeared, 
 the King sent several pursuivants for him, but he would not 
 go before a hawk (which he wished to carry) was brought 
 to him. When he arrived, " the King was so inraged that 
 he would not suffer him to alight of his horse untill an hour 
 after, and when the sun was just going downe, the Master 
 of the Ceremonies came to him, and pulling him almost by 
 force off, and calling him giddee [fellow] made him come 
 afoot almost half a quarter of a mile, and so carry ed him to 
 the King ; at which time his Pis Cash [present] was ordered 
 to be brought, which was so great that two-third parts of it 
 could not be discerned by the people, it being quite darke 
 . . . and his Majestie himselfe would not so much as looke 
 upon it ... which disgrace so afflicted the embassador that 
 he survived it not long, for the 25th Sept. following, he 
 departed this life, the best part of his company being dead 
 before." \ p. {Probably sent by Lannoy, at about the 
 time ivhen he wrote the above letter.] 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, April 14. Smyrna. I humbly thank your Excellency 
 for justifying my proceedings against our factious parson ; 
 the Company have, questionless, before this found that he 
 deserved to have been more severely dealt with. 1 have 
 communicated his Majesty's reasons for undertaking the war 
 against the Dutch to the French, Armenians and Jews here, 
 as likewise his Declaration, which I got translated into Italian. 
 
 The Winchilsea is arrived, bringing news " that our navy 
 is in a gallant equipage, expecting if the Dutch dare venture 
 forth. Allen is called home. The newes of the selling Tangier 
 is contradicted. . . . My Lord Bellasyse for certaine is going 
 Governour of that place, with a recruit of 500 men." Our 
 general ships come along with them and may probably be 
 here this month. 
 
 [The rest of the letter is in relation to the proceedings of 
 John Evans, commander of the Winchilsea, who has been 
 plotting to defraud the Company of their dues.] 3| pp. 
 
 H[ENRY] HOWARD OF NORFOLK to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, [? April 14-]April 24.* Vienna. " Hearing that his 
 Imperial! Majesty, for the confirmation of his late concluded 
 peace with the Grand Signior, was sending of an extraordinary 
 
 * Probably, but not certainly, new style.
 
 368 
 
 embassadore into Turkey, which is a place soe worthy toe 
 bee seen, and of which fame has spoke soe loudely, was ocasion 
 that I did, a whyle since, obteyne the Kings leave toe see 
 those parts by embrasing of this opportunity toe list myselfe 
 in the sayd Embassadores treine, in which designe I was 
 much the more encouraged by reason of his Excellency Count 
 Lesley his beeing chosen out for that employment, whoe in 
 having the honore toe bee a subject toe our King, dothe 
 likewyse doe him and his countrey much honore. in being 
 one of the bravest and most accomplished persons thatt I 
 eaver heard of ; and with whom I fynde, that the antient 
 freindship twixt my grandfather and his lordship has given 
 mee soe good an interest (I having nothing of merit or any 
 other acquayntance of my oune to introduce my selfe withall,) 
 as that I doe by his favore justly promise my selfe one of the 
 most pleasant and satisfactory jorneys that yett I eaver 
 made, especially at this tyme, when the character of a papist, 
 which is and ever was indealable in mee, rendres mee for noe 
 other crime of my oune soe uselesse a drogne toe my oune 
 countrye, wheare I may justly recon my selfe at present 
 butt as a cypher, making noe figure at all amongst them. 
 Being thearefore lately aryved in thease parts, and fynding 
 that my Lord Embassadore stirres not hence till some tyme 
 in May next, emboldnes mee to give your Excellency this 
 treble, and to lett your lordship know that I hope, God 
 willing, about the end of June next toe kisse your hands 
 in Constantinople, toe which place, though I now neade noe 
 other passe butt this Embassadores protection, yett in case 
 that my curiosity doe heareafter make mee desier the sight 
 of some other parts of the Turkish empier, I shall then rest 
 opon your lordships favore for it, whoe I heare are allready 
 soe farre in possession of the good graces of the Grand Vizier, 
 as that hee will nott refuse your lordship many greater requests 
 then this." Holograph. 2| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSBA to THE BISHOP OF Scio and the 
 
 deputies, PARIDE GITJSTINIANO and TOMASO D'ANDREA. 
 1665, April 15. Pera. Learning by their letters that the 
 Church in Scio is still disturbed by the malice of the Metro- 
 politan and his agents, he sent his secretary to the Patriarch 
 of Constantinople, who by no means approves of the misdeeds 
 of his Metropolitan, and promises to do all he can to avert the 
 dangers which may arise from the discords between the two 
 rites. Letter Book, ii, p. 239. Italian. | p. 
 
 INSTRUCTIONS to RICAUT and DRAPERIIS, on their meeting 
 
 with the Vizier Azem. 
 
 1665, April 15. They are to assure the Vizier of his 
 Britannic Majesty's friendship, and remind him that no British 
 subjects have been found serving under the Emperor ; to 
 expound to him the business with the Chimacam of Adrianople ;
 
 369 
 
 to excuse his Majesty's not affording the aid demanded, by 
 reason of the war with Holland, which requires all his naval 
 forces ; to show the great damage sustained by the English 
 factory at Aleppo from the exactions of the Customer there ; 
 to procure a command for Winchilsea's coming to Adrianople, 
 if he judges it necessary, and to obtain a passport for Ricaut's 
 journey into England. Letter Book, ii, p. 240. 2J pp. 
 
 [There are other letters and orders to these two, sent to 
 them at Adrianople.] 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHTLSEA to GAMALIEL NIGHTINGALE. 
 
 1665, April 18. Pera. Desiring him (his judgment being 
 so good) to provide two good and handsome horses not above 
 five years old, of the best breed, with good legs and long necks, 
 such as will be most esteemed in England. If they are ready 
 in a year's time it will be sufficient. Ibid, ii, p. 242. \ p. 
 
 FRANCESCO MARIA POLIZZI, Guardian of the Holy Land, to 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, April [19-]29. Imploring him to support their just 
 claim for the restitution of the most holy manger of our 
 Saviour and the sacred Mount Calvary, unjustly taken by the 
 Greeks twenty-five years ago, after the Fathers had held them 
 for three hundred and [fifty] years. 1| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF ARLINGTON to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, April 20. Whitehall. My respect for your person 
 and obligations to your kindred are such that I shall never 
 need your excuse if I can serve you, " and I may with truth 
 say I have had the good luck of late to have given my hand 
 to the establishing your cousin Sir John Finch in an employ- > 
 ment in Italy, which I hope will not onely bee to his Majestie's~ 
 advantage and his owne satisfaction but your Excellencie's 
 also, in finding such a hand in the midway through which wee 
 may correspond better in the future. 
 
 " I doubt not but you have received a full accompt of the 
 progresse of our quarrell with the Dutch, which is now 
 heightened to that point, that this very day his Royall High- 
 nesse sett sayle with his Majestie's fleet from Harwich, expecting 
 every hour to hear the Hollanders have done the like, which, 
 though superiour in number to ours gives us noe apprehension 
 beyond what the unhappy accidents of warre may produce ; 
 wee have at least eighty ships of the best quality compleatly 
 man'd and provided for in all points and our men infinitely 
 impatient to come to an engagement, God preserve his Royall 
 Highnesse person and give us successe according to the vigour 
 and courage which accompanies the undertaking. And 
 whilest wee are in such a one your Excellencie will not wonder 
 that we are not able to separate any ships of warre for the 
 protection of our trade in your seas ; it must therfore bee 
 Wt. 29495. FI 24
 
 370 
 
 your care in the mean time either to inhibite single merchants 
 to venter themselves abroad, or to oblige them to associate 
 themselves in such numbers as may secure them from the 
 assaults of the Dutch, which, though not many, will yet bee 
 perilous to them in those seas, and wee shall bee in some pain 
 till wee hear the late Smirna fleet which went from hence is 
 arrived safely ..." Holograph. 3 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to WILLIAM Mico. 
 
 1665, April 24. Pera. In reply to his letters of the 4th 
 inst., thinks it better not to meddle in the matter of the 
 redemption of the Bostangee [i.e. bastangi, soldier of the 
 Guard], since, if he were to die or be taken on the way, 
 the Bastangi Basha might not repay the money. 
 
 Is greatly obliged for his care and punctuality, and knowing 
 his judgment in guns, prays him to send two more, one a 
 spingardo, and the other for shooting partridges and " gualies " 
 [? quails]. Letter Book, ii, p. 243. 1 p. 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, April 24. Adrianople. They (Ricaut and Draperiis) 
 having arrived on Saturday, have visited the Reis Effendi and 
 Kahya of the Chimacam. The Customer's servant of Aleppo 
 has got a command, but the Reis Effendi, knowing it 
 to be against the capitulations, has suspended it. The 
 Chimacam, by his "smiles and obsequiousness," has won 
 great favour with the Grand Signor, and all believe that his 
 design is to supplant the Vizier. The Grand Signor continues 
 his hunting with as much vigour as if he had only newly begun 
 it. 4 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, April 28. Adrianople. Having delivered all the 
 presents, and obtained their passports, they hope to proceed 
 to-morrow or the next day on their journey. The Emeen 
 of Aleppo's servant has returned from Belgrade with an order 
 for the English to pay the customs, which was delivered to 
 the Beilickgi to be drawn up, but they having shown him that 
 it is against the capitulations, he has " told the Aleppine 
 plainely that it was impossible any such command could bee 
 obtained, and advised him to persuade his master from further 
 prosecution of this point." For this good service, they have 
 ventured to give him a vest, which they trust his Excellency 
 will not think ill-bestowed. 3 pp. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, April 29. Smyrna. The four general ships, the 
 Sampson, Royal Catherine, Hanibal and Bachelor have arrived, 
 " wanting 36 days from England." They all relate " England 
 never saw a gallanter navy than is now in readines, treble
 
 371 
 
 the force of what wee had last when wee bett the Dutch." 
 The captain of the Winchilsea has paid in the " brokes " 
 of the cloth. 1 p. 
 
 THE CHIMECAM OF ADBIANOPLE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, April. A letter, written in Turkish, on very highly 
 glazed paper, and endorsed by Winchilsea, " A letter from 
 Mustafa Passa, Chimecam of Adrianople, to me, touching 
 Bagdatli, in April, 1665." 
 
 THE BISHOP OF Soio and deputies to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, May [4-] 14. Scio. Thanking him for the fervour 
 with which he has wrought with the Patriarch on their behalf. 
 Have already notified his Excellency's care of the Latin 
 Church to the Sacred Congregation of the Propaganda Fide. 
 Signed. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 PAUL RICATJT to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, May 4. Philippopolis. Yesterday, after five days' 
 journey from Adrianople, we arrived here safely. To-morrow 
 we shall proceed to Sophia, where we hope to meet the 
 Vizier. 
 
 " We are here lodged at the Metropolites, where we have 
 received many civilities and a courteous entertainment. . . . 
 The aire of this place is esteemed better then either of Con- 
 stantinople or Adrianople, and I am confident the country 
 farre exceeds the pleasures of them both for such who take 
 their delight on horseback and in the fields, for I have never 
 observed in all my former travails so long an extent of 
 plaines for so many dayes journy " ; but the water is bad, 
 and the wine far worse, being " heavy and hard of digestion, 
 of a thick colour, without spirits, flat and unsavoury." I had 
 ordered a small runlet of Palermo wine for such an exigency, 
 but by negligence it was left behind. 
 
 " The remainder of our journy is now through mountains 
 and woods, very dangerous for amboscadoes of thieves, who 
 unseene shoot passengers in their way," but in places of 
 greatest hazard we shall take a guard. 2 pp. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, May 11. Smyrna. The Company has renewed their 
 orders concerning their oath. All have taken it except Mr. 
 Edwards, Charles Edwards and Charles Brandon. I have 
 used all the arguments with Mr. Edwards that I can, but he 
 puts me off ; it may be that a sharp letter from your Excellency 
 might bring him to compliance. 
 
 " The Company hath sent over a very sober, discreet person 
 to officiate here, and a good scholer ; one Mr. Luke, recom- 
 mended by most of the University of Cambridge, beeing a 
 fellow of St. Johns Colledge ; and truly your Excellence
 
 372 
 
 hath a very ingenious person for your chaplaine, who preacheth 
 well, for wee have taken an essay of him." 2 pp. 
 
 PAUL RIOAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, May 12. Sophia. Having waited five days in vain 
 for the coming of the Vizir, and finding no certainty of his 
 leaving Belgrade, we have resolved to go thither, rather than 
 waste more time and money here. It is murmured " that the 
 Emperor's ambassador was dead in his journey." If he does 
 not come, or delays, "it will worke strange confusions in the 
 Turkish camp and prove fatall to the chiefe ministers," and 
 will quite prevent our business, " besides the insolencies, 
 robberies and pillages which we shall be exposed to at a time 
 of anarchy. . . . Yet I hope and expect better, and upon that 
 foundation, wee designe with God's help, to-morrow to proceed 
 forwards," taking what care we can in that passage, dangerous 
 from the woods and mountains, and from " the povertie of 
 Spahees and Timariots which goe and returne from the 
 warres." 2 pp. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, May 18. Smyrna. Valentin Berti, a Venetian, has 
 taken his passage for Constantinople, intending to crave your 
 Excellency's and the Dutch Resident's protection, the French 
 having disowned him. A quantity of false money has been 
 found in his house, for which he has compounded with the 
 Caddee ; the French Consul refused to appear for him, and 
 now sends this information, desiring that your Excellency 
 may be warned. 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, May 19. Aleppo. A long letter on the subject of the 
 demands of the Emeen for new and unjust duties. If he be 
 not " prevented and ruined," the factory will lie open to all 
 sorts of pretences, for already an officer of the last Emeen, 
 Mustapha Aga, threatens that if Abrim Aga get his 5| per 
 cent, he will get a command for the time past. Copy. 1| pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, May 20. Aleppo. On the same subject. Copy. % p. 
 
 Enclosing, 
 
 Letter from the factory, praying his Excellency to aid 
 them in regard to this invasion of those privileges by 
 which they have " got such advantage over French, 
 Dutch and Venetian, that they cannot now bring a piece 
 of cloth into the countrie." 34 signatures. 2 pp. 
 
 SIR PHIL. MATHEWS to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, May 23. Jerusalem. " I am here at present a pilgrim 
 in the Holy Land," and being extremely favoured with civilities
 
 373 
 
 by the good Fathers upon your lordship's account, whom they 
 acknowledge as their sole protector and benefactor, my duty 
 to you and gratitude to them cannot lose this fair opportunity, 
 when they are sending to pray your assistance " against the 
 lying Greeks, who are continually coining new inventions to 
 perplex the poor Franciscans, the guardians of the Holy 
 Sepulchre. ... I beseech your excuse for my too much con- 
 fidence. ... I am a gentleman, and one whose hott head and 
 roving fancy has been inclinable per caminar il mondo and to 
 visitt remote countreys ; and I hope, ere a brace of months 
 make ther round, to have the honour to kiss your lordship his 
 hands in Constantinople," on my way for England. 1 p. 
 Seal of arms. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, May 25. Aleppo. On the 20th inst., the Mussalem 
 having demanded to speak with some of the merchants, I 
 sent Mr. Nightingale, Mr. Griffith and Mr. Travell. He 
 ordered them to pay the new duties, and upon their refusal, 
 committed them to prison. I at once went to demand their 
 release, but all he would say was that he had the Caddee's 
 warrant for what he had done, and until the duties were paid 
 he should keep the merchants. I replied that in that case, 
 "he should keepe mee also ... for I would not go out of the 
 seraglia untill the merchants were sett free." I tarried there 
 six hours, until midnight, and at length procured their release 
 upon promise that they should be forthcoming when sent for. 
 On the 23rd he sent for them again and renewed his demands, 
 but I told him that I had commanded my merchants not to 
 pay one asper more than formerly, and " if any did, I would 
 send him in chaines for England. He replyed, let them first 
 pay the money, and then he cared not what became of them." 
 
 The Emeen is doing his utmost to stop or delay my messenger, 
 and, I hear, has given orders to the Caddees of several places 
 to stop him and take away his packet. I am certain that our 
 letters have been stopped or intercepted. Copy. 3 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, May 27. Aleppo. Our messenger, the renegade Jew, 
 has been stopped, and his letters for your Excellency seized. 
 I have sent to complain to the Mufti, saying I believed it 
 would cost the Emeen his head. 
 
 I have employed a friend of the Caddee's to offer him a 
 present of 300 dollars if he would respite the business of the 
 customs until I got your lordship's answer. He said, if 
 the present were made somewhat more, he would. I consented, 
 and " immediately the face of our affairs was changed," the 
 Caddee declaring that " he saw the hand of God in it," blaming
 
 374 
 
 the Emeen, and granting us the time that we desired. To the 
 Mussalem, a violent and rash person, I have had to promise 
 double what I have given to the Caddee. 
 
 Less than the Emeen's head will be too little punishment; 
 and I hope you will be able to obtain it. " He will not be 
 the first Emeene that was hanged in Aleppo for a lesse fault 
 then his." 
 
 I send a note of my query to the merchants in regard to 
 battulating their trade, with their answer. Copy. l pp. 
 Enclosing, 
 
 The above mentioned note. " Gentlemen, the runnigado 
 Jew which I sent for Stambole is brought back. There 
 is nothing more left to be done but to battulate the 
 trade, and that all the warehouses be sealed up, which 
 will be the swiftest and surest post to Stambole that 
 can now be sent. Therefore pray declare who are for 
 battulation and who against it . . . " 
 Underwritten. Declaration of the merchants that battu- 
 lation is the only remedy left them. 36 signatures. 
 Copy. 1 p. 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, May 28. The Vizier's camp before Belgrade. We 
 arrived here in good health on the 23rd, the ninth day after 
 our departure from Sophia, and pitched our tent as near as 
 we dared to those of the Vizier and other grandees with whom 
 our business lies. The next day we had our audience of the 
 Vizier and were vested, the King's letters giving no small 
 countenance and honour to our introduction. We began to 
 inform him of the state of affairs at Aleppo, " to all which hee 
 replyed little more then yes and no, and we shall consider, 
 according to his reserved and dubious way of treaty, and showing 
 a cold manner in his reception of us." By the other officers, 
 however, we are assured that the Vizier is resolved to change 
 the Emeen, and that this government will countenance none 
 who breaks the imperial capitulations. 
 
 The Vizier referred our business to the Teftedar, and the 
 civil treatment we have received from him and the Reis 
 Effendi something eases the displeasure we have against the 
 unhandsome carriage of the Vizier, for, not to hear our reasons, 
 and to refer our business to the Teftedar, " evidences a very 
 ill-intention towards your Excellency and the nation you 
 protect." 
 
 Count Lesly is arrived at Buda, and on this advice the 
 Vizier begins his journey to-morrow towards Adrianople, in 
 which we shall accompany the camp. 5 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to COUNT LESLEY, Ambassador 
 
 Extraordinary from the Emperor. 
 
 1665, June 1-10 (sic). Pera. " ... I cannot but adjoyne 
 my perticular joy to that of all Christendome, that his Emperiall
 
 376 
 
 Majestie hath chosen so worthy and honourable a person for 
 this extraordinary embassie, whose former prudent mannage- 
 ment of the most weighty negotiations gives an undoubted 
 hope of the good successe of this peace. It is also no small 
 honour to Great Britain that it hath given birth to a person 
 who hath performed so many glorious actions. I should esteem 
 that the most happy action of my owne embassy in which I 
 could any way serve your lordship." Letter Book, ii, p. 244. 
 
 \P- 
 
 [There is another letter to the same effect, dated June 24.] 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, June 3. Smyrna. Complaining that Ahmett Aga, 
 Voyvode of this place, has been "colouring false reans, and 
 that to a considerable summe." All the nations are great 
 sufferers by him, for he rules the Caddees, "and nothing of 
 any busines can bee done but this man must be consulted 
 withall, and hee is so great a briber, nothing can bee effected 
 without giving large summes to him." Prays his Excellency 
 to assist in the attempt to procure his removal. 1 pp. Seal 
 of arms. 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, June 3. Jagodina. On May 29 the Vizier and his 
 army marched towards Adrianople, and not having finished 
 our business wee are forced to accompany them. At this 
 place the Vizier stays for a day's rest, which has given us 
 time further to solicit our business, and we are promised a 
 full dispatch at Nissa, four days' journey from hence. They 
 now begin to give us better words and civil entertainment, 
 and they have created a new Emin for Aleppo, who " will 
 bee more cautious how hee makes a disturbance in this point, 
 where he sees his predecessour is overthrowne . . . 
 
 " As soone as wee are dispatched, wee shall endeavour to 
 
 license ourselves from the trouble of marching with the camp 
 
 In the meane time they give us a small tayin of three chiloes 
 of barly a day, and ten loaves of bread, which hath more of 
 honour in it then substance." 3 pp. 
 
 JOSEPH WILLIAMSON to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, June 6. Whitehall. This is to give your Excellency 
 an account " of the glorious victory it hath pleased God to 
 blesse his Majesty with, the 3rd of June, upon the Dutch, off 
 of our owne coast near Solebay, and thence prosecuted even 
 into the Texell that night and the next day, with a totall 
 defeat of the emeny, a losse of 30 of their best shipps, the least 
 being forty and many fifty guns and upwards. Lieut. - 
 Generall Opdam and his shipp of 76 guns and 500 men blown 
 up ; Lieut.- Admiral 1 Cortenaer, Vice Admirall Tromp. Vice 
 Admirall Schram, Vice Adniirall SteUingwerff killed ; Banker! 's
 
 376 
 
 legg shott off, Tromp's Rear-Admiral blowen up, 8,000 men 
 killed &c. In fine, my Lord, the victory is great and glorious, 
 and so is the joy, I assure you, of this whole citty and 
 kingdom. God continue us his favour, as it was eminent 
 in this action in severall circumstances, the wind turning for 
 us exactly that hour of our engagement, and so continuing 
 all the time of it. His Royal Highnesse is very well, praised 
 be God, and picking up stragglers on the coast of Holland." 
 Holograph. 1| pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, June 6. Aleppo. Much fears that his last messenger 
 may have been overtaken and murdered, for the Emeen sent 
 out several Ulacks [messengers] about the same time, and two 
 of them are returned wounded, pretending that they were set 
 upon by a party of Englishmen near Scanderoon, and stripped 
 of their packets and their money. A formal complaint has 
 been made against the supposed Englishmen, but the Caddee 
 here laughed, and asked what Englishmen they were. He was 
 told, " several mariners out of our ships, and some merchants 
 that went from hence. My Lord, we have but one Englishman 
 at Scanderone, and he a sick person ; not any vessell in port, 
 . . . not one of all our whole factory but knowne to be in 
 Aleppo. ..." 
 
 The Bagdatine, chosen by the creditors of Stanton and 
 Bishop, hath written from Adrianople for some papers. I 
 verily believe some mischief is hatching against us there, 
 which your Excellency's care must prevent. 2| pp. 
 
 Probably sent with the above : 
 
 " The state of the case touching the Avania at Aleppo, 
 June 1, 1665." 1| pp. 
 
 DEPUTIES OF THE LATIN COMMUNITY AT Scio, to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, June [11-J21. Scio. Sending, as a small token of 
 gratitude, a case of oranges, two pots of the finest honey the 
 island affords, two young jasmine plants, and a flask of aqua 
 di scorso nera. 
 
 Under the shelter of his Excellency's protection they 
 have of late lived in safety, and in him alone (after God) they 
 put their hopes for the final good end of the controversy with 
 their enemies. Signed. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, June 14. Sophia. Describing the efforts made to 
 bring the Vizier to see the true case of the business of Aleppo. 
 He at last acknowledged that the Emeen was making an 
 innovation, and offered them a command. " But wee told 
 him that your Excellency had not sent us so many dayes' 
 journy for a bare command . . . but our recourse to him was 
 to find some expedient that these bee obeyed, which wee
 
 377 
 
 conceived could bee done by no other meanes then by an 
 exemplary punishment of the offendour." The Vizier replied 
 that if it were as we said the Emeen should be chastised, and 
 that when he reached Adrianople he would further consider 
 what ought to be done to satisfy your Excellency and repair 
 the damage done to the merchants. " This is all wee have 
 beene able to perform hitherto, though, God knows, wee have 
 laboured hard, lost no advantages, and endured a great deale 
 of inconvenience." 
 
 Prays his Excellency to write a letter (of which he suggests 
 the substance), to meet the Vizier at Adrianople and to send 
 some one with the old " capitulations in Sultan Morat's time," 
 the old and new registers &c. 5 pp. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, June 17. Smyrna. Having received your Excellency's 
 battulation, prohibiting all trade until further order, I called 
 the factory together, who all consented, only some questioned 
 whether it extended to foreign goods. I conceived that it 
 extended to all, but if your Excellency would admit of the 
 buying goods brought in by strangers, it would be acceptable, 
 " in regard there is a caravan of silke expected, which our 
 factors hunger after." The French will else buy up all, and 
 our nation be left destitute. I believe the Customer, Usein 
 Aga, has been the chief in this business, and if you could find 
 out what he pays for the customs of Smyrna, Scio and Vurla, 
 we could easily prove to the Grand Signer that he makes treble 
 the amount, putting the remainder in his own purse. 2 pp. 
 Seal of arms. 
 
 FACTORY OF GALATA. 
 
 1665, June 8 to June 20. Letters and declarations of the 
 factory, in reply to queries of Lord Winchilsea on the question 
 of his journey to Aleppo. They hope that Ricaut may obtain 
 satisfaction concerning the Emeen of Aleppo, in which case 
 they advise his Excellency not to take the journey ; pray not 
 to be too much pressed for their opinion in a matter which 
 does not personally touch them, but finally request him to 
 go, as Secretary Ricaut has found it impossible to obtain a 
 favourable answer. 
 
 7 documents, signed by William Hedges, treasurer, William 
 Gait, Robert Frampton, William Hiett, Fra. Dryver, Henry 
 Sharpe, Robert Hiett. About 6 pp. in all. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, June 22. Smyrna. Your Excellency will have seen 
 by my letter by the Sampson, " how unhandsomely the Levant 
 Company hath dealt by mee, in stopping my gratuity for 
 two yeares, for nothing that I know, but servinge them 
 faithfully ; but I perceive it is carryed on by Mr. Love, 
 who either doth or would rule the whole Company ; nay
 
 378 
 
 more, they have retrenched my salary ... to an imaginary 
 dollar of 120 aspers, which I heare extends to something of 
 your Excellencie's allowances." I am resolved, if not en- 
 couraged by them, "not to serve them, for it will not keepe 
 mee, and to spend my owne fortune and be rewarded att 
 last with a flap of a foxes tayle, I know better . . . 
 
 " Your Excellencie hath excellently well stated the busines 
 of the Company as to their officers ; ... if the Company 
 cannot give a trust and confidence to the ambassador or 
 other ministers whome they employ, they must never think 
 to have their affaires carryed on for their advantage, for lett 
 them bee never so wise, they cannot foresee what may here 
 happen to their detriment," and if an ambassador be so 
 strictly tied up that he cannot act, they must smart for it. 
 
 " I wonder whether that person Mr. Love hath taken the 
 oath of allegiance and supremacy. It was for that hee layd 
 downe his gowne, which it may bee, beeing forgott, makes 
 him so malepert." 
 
 I want nothing but their good affections for my true service, 
 but when I see they reward such base fellows as Broadgate (for 
 whom they have ordered 700 dollars) I cannot but speak. 3 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD TREASURER 
 SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1665, June 24. Pera. Yours of Sept. 19 I received on 
 April 8, and thank you for procuring me the 300?., but as you 
 continue constant in your kindness, so do others in their dis- 
 obligements. The Company design to deduct 30 per cent, 
 from what they are obliged to pay, and so to "take this as 
 a salvo for their purses," for the 2,000 dollars a year they 
 promised me. 
 
 Many other expences, even to so mean a sum as ten or 
 twelve shillings they except against, and thus my pains are 
 rewarded ; and though they confess that their affairs never 
 flourished so much as under my guidance, yet they cry out I 
 have violated their rights, "butt any wise man will thinke it 
 a solecisme that they should thrive by oppression." 
 
 Mr. William Love has flown so high as to write to the 
 consul of Smyrna about one Broadgate a factious minister, 
 sent thither by his instigation, but who gave so general a 
 disgust to the factory that they unanimously complained to 
 me about him that he wonders they complained to me and 
 not to them, " as I depend as immediately upon the Company 
 as any consul." What an affront this is to his Majesty's 
 commission, cannot be hid from your judgment, "and 
 certainly Majestic, that seldome brookes injuries, will not 
 pass over soe highe an affront," but I leave it to your lordship 
 to think what is fit to be done. I have writ to Sir Heneage 
 Finch at large of the affair, and doubt not but that your 
 lordship's benignity will forward his endeavours for my 
 interest. Letter Book, ii, p. 247. 1 p.
 
 379 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENRY BENNET. 
 
 1665, June 24. Pera. On the same subjects as the 
 above. The Company manage their business with such pre- 
 posterous frugality, that to them must be imputed the ill- 
 success of affairs. It is absolutely necessary to keep a 
 druggerman at the court, for otherwise, commands might be got 
 out and executed unknown, as happened when the customer 
 of Aleppo got a command for almost doubling the English 
 customs there, which if it take effect, will ruin the trade, and 
 will cost much expence to "avoid." His Majesty's private 
 instructions cannot be observed, for the Company disown the 
 charges of what is done for him, he makes no provision for 
 them, and in this country, nothing can be done without 
 money. Letter Book, ii, p. 248. 1J pp. Original letter in 
 S.P. Turkey. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1665, June 25. Pera. Yours of the 9th of March I received 
 the 21st of June, and cannot but congratulate the honour his 
 Majestic hath donne my cousin John, whose meritts having 
 mett with such an employment, hath now an opportunity 
 of shewing the world those abilities he is master off and honour- 
 ing our family as much abroad as you doe att home. 
 
 ' The joyfull newes of the hopefull expectation of my 
 children is very acceptable to me, when I think they may 
 live to expresse their gratitude to you and yours when I shall 
 be no more and the grave hath terminated my zeale and affection 
 to your service. The diamond ring you have, be pleased to 
 give my daughter Frances, that she may keepe it as a memorial 
 of my love, and receiving it from your hands she may remember 
 also her obligations to you. 
 
 " I cannot think the Company have that kindnesse for me 
 they expresse to you, and that their strict proceedings are 
 only in respect of my successors, not any dislike or jealousie 
 of me. Their wordes are contradicted by their actions, and 
 certainely that man is stupid who when he sees palpable 
 effects will be cheated with vaine and shifting pretences. 
 What clearer signe of their affections can there be than this 
 enclosed paper of their exceptions to the Treasurer's accounts ? 
 who having acted by my orders, in justice is to be by me 
 indemnified. It is but a praeposterous argument of their 
 love, contrary to their promise and practice hitherto, to 
 deduct 30 per cent, out of my allowance. But I shall give 
 you my sence to all the materiall particulars in order." 
 
 As to the " cambio " in my payments, by which they would 
 defraud me of 2,824 dollars, as I have never received more 
 than 2,500 weighty dollars a quarter, so I never will take less. 
 " If because aspers are clipt, more goe to make up the dollar, 
 it is an accident which concernse not me, nor will I be 
 prejudiced by it.
 
 380 
 
 " For my chaplain, he hath no more then his predecessor 
 and what he tells me was promised him. But why hath this 
 exception layen dormant foure yea re only that the sume might 
 encrease and so sound higher ? If he was as good a frend to 
 the Directory as he is to Common prayer and would preach 
 in a cloake instead of a surplesse, then I believe he might 
 find from them a liberall bounty rather then any abatement, 
 for Broadgate, whose unconformity to the Church and factious 
 and turbulent comportment att Smyrna justly caused the 
 complaints of all the factory against him, had his undecent 
 passion and disturbance interpreted zeale to Presbytery and 
 the cause, and so rewarded by them with 700 dollars. And 
 I beleive discharging my duty in that buisnesse, as I was a 
 sonne of the Church and a servant of his Majestie, was a cause 
 of no small part of their ill will against me, as Mr. William 
 Love hath sufficiently intimated. The allowance of the 
 chappell clarke is also antient, but may be they think what is 
 given to those that observe the ceremonies of the Church 
 is an encouragement of superstition. . . . 
 
 " For the feast of the 5th of November, it was ever kept att 
 their charge, and hath not exceeded 101. a yeare ; and if they 
 had disapproved of it, they should have wrotte to me about 
 it. For I want their thankes, not their meat. For the feast 
 att the King and Queene's marriage, as it was aggreable to 
 the honor of our country and duty to his Majestie, so they 
 show themselves little freinds to either in disallowing of it. 
 And suer their respects to me must be very low when they 
 will not permitt me the liberty which was never denied to my 
 predecessors in so small a matter. 
 
 " For the yellow shoes, it cost other nations more, and the 
 Patriarch 200 dollars. And it is not for the honour of our 
 country that our droggermen should weare red shoes like 
 slaves and blew ones as Jewes. But twenty shillings is not 
 so triviall a summe that those that seeke all occasions of 
 quarrell and exception should passe it over." 
 
 For the two Avanias, in that of Mr. Carew, what I acted was 
 warranted by the whole factory of Smyrna, " who judged it 
 national." And should the Turks once know that private 
 persons were not to be defended by the public purse, they 
 would fall on them one by one and quickly undo the whole. 
 "And what indeed doe they pay their consulage for, but to be 
 protected ? How hard would it be for one that with many 
 yeares' industry and hazard hath gott an estate, should [he] 
 be suffered to be oppressed with false pretences, and I looke on 
 and be unable to assist him. . . . And the consequence of 
 that airy distinction, nationall and personall otherwise than 
 as it lookes upon the crimes of particular persons, as what they 
 doe in drunken-nesse and lasciviousnesse is of a dangerous 
 importance." For suppose the property is violated of one 
 who has no money to spend in his own defence, are we to 
 allow our Articles to be broken, because they are broken
 
 381 
 
 only to one person and not to the whole nation ? " Nay 
 what an absurdity is it to think the nation can be protected 
 without the protection of particular persons, for the nation 
 consisting of a number of particular persons, to protect the 
 nation and not the particular persons is nonsence. And 
 this was Mr. Carew's case. He would not vindicate a publick 
 injury at his private charge, but offered to leave the country," 
 which permitting, would have been to permit the violation 
 of the capitulations ; and the expence would have fallen the 
 more heavily on the Company, as he would have tacitly 
 confessed himself guilty. Therefore I shall not regard their 
 orders in this, unless his Majesty give me his positive com- 
 mands therein. 
 
 As to the Avania of the druggermen ; they were waiting 
 on my secretary to the Dutch resident when he was assaulted 
 by some drunken Turks. The janissary, defending him, 
 struck the Turks, and they, knowing that they could only 
 have revenge of the druggermen (who are Greeks and the 
 Grand Signer's subjects) falsely swore that they were the 
 persons who struck them. I thought myself bound to vindicate 
 them, and it cost 150 dollars, which whether the Company 
 are not bound to pay, " lett any man of reason judge. Smaller 
 matters than this have sett kingdomes at variance, though 
 they judge them private, not nationall ; and I beleive, should 
 I be abused in my owne person, they would say it was not the 
 embassador but the Earle of Winchilsea was affronted, so 
 they might save their mony by such a distinction . . . 
 
 " All their proceedings and orders are of the same stamp ; 
 they are still drawn up with some provisoes that afford them 
 shelter, but leave me naked to their pretentions : ' that 
 nothing shall be spent but in cases unavoidable and of absolute 
 necessity ' ; whereas there is no way of avoiding danger 
 imaginable in this country but by mony, which, if I spend, 
 they cry it was unnecessary." In the business of our late 
 rupture with Algiers, they were sensible of their danger and 
 bid me use my best endeavours to prevent it, but to act all 
 at Constantinople, " which was as much as to say, follow 
 your buisnesse, but doe not goe about it, for the Court not being 
 here, I could act nothing. But in that buisnesse they had 
 better luck than foresight, and though my letters did then 
 effect it, yet twill be too much presumption to rely on it. . . . 
 
 " How I shall behave myself e in these straits I shall desire 
 your advice, for to maintain the dignity of his Majesties 
 embassador and to be bound up with fallacious and ensnaring 
 orders, are incompatible. 
 
 " It is palpable they think their charter as good as Magna 
 Carta, though to procure it in their first grant of the 35 of 
 Queen Elizabeth they were obliged to pay the crowne 4,000/. 
 per annum, which, in the beginning of King James, upon 
 pretence of being 20,000?. in debt, they got to be excused of ; 
 and since, they have acted upon such democraticall principles
 
 382 
 
 as if they had forgott to whom they owe their allegiance, . . . 
 for they think their commands can controule his Majesties 
 commission, and the orders that come out of their counting 
 house equall to those of the Privy Counsell. And Mr. William 
 Love, one whom you cannot be ignorant of by his comportment 
 in the House of Commons, hath declared as much, for he wrote 
 to the consul of Smyrna these positive words : ' I was the 
 man that mentioned the recalling you home for presuming 
 to send Broadgate away prisoner, and that you should appeal 
 to the embassador and not to us to have him sent away ; 
 for the embassador depends upon the Company as immediately 
 as yourself.' 
 
 " If, when a man hath carried himself e with opposition to 
 the Church of England, established by his Majesties and 
 the Parliament's authority, and to the general discontent of the 
 place he officiated in, it is not fitter to appeal to one who 
 hath his Majesties broad scale for his authority, and is in the 
 country as well to regard his Majesties honour as their profitt, 
 than to a Company who hath nothing else to meddle with 
 but their trade, none could fancy but such factious persons 
 as think Princes only subjects' servants ; and it is high 
 impudence in those that cannot controule a constable at home, 
 to presume to command his Majesties embassadors abroad, and 
 certainly such a boldnesse ought not to passe unpunished. It 
 would be well if he were removed on this occasion out of the 
 Company, where his factious disposition gives more disturbance 
 than assistance to their affaires, though perchance that may 
 be too light a punishment for one who hath formerly expressed 
 so great a dislike, and now so great a contempt, of monarchy. 
 
 "I have writte to my Lord Chancellor, my Lord Treasurer 
 and Sir Henry Bennett, whose new addition of honor I am not 
 certainly informed off, therefore pray excuse me to him that I 
 faile in that ceremonie . . . 
 
 " This, to be sure, will irritate Love against the consul, and 
 make him endeavour, by all his interest in the Company, to 
 ruin him, but I beseech you interpose your and all your friends' 
 assistance to see he incurrs no damage by being a friend to 
 me." I send this by means of Count Lesley by way of Vienna, 
 and Mr. Harry Howard, who is with him and coming to this 
 place, will inform Sir Henry Bennet how to send an answer 
 by the same way. Letter Book, ii, p. 258. 5| pp. 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, June 25. Adrianople. We are returned safely here, 
 and expect the Vizier in about seven days, who being now 
 better informed of the business of the Emeen of Aleppo, will, 
 we hope arrange matters to good effect. If we cannot obtain 
 what is desired, your Excellency's own presence might do 
 so, and we pray you to say whether we should request licence 
 for you to come to court. 4 pp.
 
 383 
 
 Postscript, written later in the day. 
 
 Your letter is come, desiring us to hasten a command 
 for your audience at court, which shall be obtained 
 immediately upon the Vizier's arrival. We will try 
 to procure you the best house we can, but fear it will 
 not be capable of half your retinue, " for your Excellencie 
 knows the streightnesse of the cottages of Adrianople, 
 and few seraglios will bee void upon the returne of so 
 many Pashas and Agalars, together with the Vizier's 
 court." 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, June 25. Aleppo. Informing his Excellency of the 
 contents of a letter which he has received from the Levant 
 Company, dated April 17. [See Cal. S.P. Dom. under date.] 
 2 pp. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, June 26. Sedeque. Has retired to this place in 
 consequence of the plague " suddenly and fiercely breaking 
 out in Smyrna, and espetially in the Franks streete neere the 
 merchants' howses." If it should continue as it begins, he 
 believes they must all " suddenly shut up " their doors. 
 
 " From France 'tis wrote that Prince Rupert with his 
 squadron had mett with De Ruyter's squadron comming 
 about Scotland, consisting of thirty-two sail ; had taken and 
 destroyed thirty of them, with the loss of the Prince his life, 
 but noe confirmation of itt. 1 p. 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, June 27. Adrianople. " The towne will bee so 
 pestered with Pashas and Agalars that it will be impossible 
 to have any house capable of your lordship's retinue, and 
 therefore I am of opinion that your lordship should for the 
 most part remaine under your tents, and content yourself 
 with what house wee can procure in the city to make collation 
 in, when you goe to audience and dispatch of businesse, but 
 for the nights to bee in your tent, which will free your Excellencie 
 from the great inconvenience of fleas and simeeches, which 
 breed in these old walls of Adrianople. The Grand Signer 
 hath ordered that all the souldiery shall remaine in their 
 tents, which will free the city from being overpestered ; how- 
 soever, in this great confluence the plague cannot bee wanting." 
 
 Postscript. Count Lesly is advanced from Belgrade, and 
 may be here in thirty days. 1| pp. 
 
 THE BISHOP OF Scio, PARIDE GIUSTINIANO and TOMASO 
 D' ANDRE A to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, [June 28-] July 8 n.s. Scio. Assuring him that 
 in gratitude for his favours and protection prayers are 
 continually sung in their churches for his health, happiness
 
 and prosperity ; and praying him to inform the Imperial 
 ambassador (who, as they learn, has now reached the Grand 
 Turk's Court) of their persecution by the Greek Metropolitan 
 and his followers, that, all united, they may defend the 
 privileges of the Holy Roman Church, and prevent this man 
 from doing injury both to their churches and their people. 
 Italian, f p. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, June 30. Sedeque. I have communicated yours 
 of the 19th inst. to the factory, who are very sensible of the 
 abuse endeavoured upon them by the customers, " and that 
 the like will fall out here as at Aleppo, even to the ruin of the 
 whole trade in Turkey, if not timely prevented by your 
 Excellencies appearance at court, to stop such encroachments 
 upon our capitulations . . . 
 
 " Here are two gentlemen come to wayte upon your Excel- 
 lencie, Mr. North and Mr. Mellish ; the former a younger son 
 of Sir Dudley North, grandchild to the Lord North now living, 
 a very civill and ingenious person ; the other, brother to Mr. 
 Robert Mellish. I would not press upon others, least some 
 capricious principall might take occasion to say hereafter, their 
 servants were commanded from following theire business ; 
 these two voluntarily proffering themselves . . . 
 
 " There is nothing of newes, onely the rowte Prince Rupert 
 gave 'de Rutyer ' with the loss of his life holds not good." 
 The plague still continues in Smyrna, and I am retired to my 
 country cottage, and, till urgent occasions recall me, shall 
 stay here. 1| pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, July 4. Adrianople.- On receipt of your letter we 
 immediately went to the tent of the Vizier (who is encamped 
 with the army) and demanded an arz for your Excellency's 
 journey. He gave it to us with much courtesy, only asking 
 if your affairs were so pressing that they admitted of no delay, 
 as the Grand Signor would probably shortly come to 
 Constantinople. "I replyd that the oppressions and injustice 
 under which the merchants at Aleppo laboured were so great 
 as admitted of no delay for their redresse." as he would see 
 by the letter I gave him. He read the letter, and at the 
 end exclaimed, " What a dog is this customer, who obeyes 
 not the Grand Signer's capitulations," and so signed the order 
 for your coming. We will provide you a house in the city the 
 best we can, " but I am confident your Excellencie will scarce 
 lodge one night in it. but rather choose, in some convenient 
 place for health and water, to lye in your tents." 3 pp. 
 Endorsed, July 4-14. 
 
 Also, a letter from Georgio Draperiis of the same date, to 
 the like effect. Italian. 1 p.
 
 385 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, July 6. Adrianople. I hope your Excellency has 
 received the command for your coming to this Court. We 
 shall view the ground and consider where may be most 
 convenient for your tents, for you cannot remain with any 
 convenience in the city, " in regard that the Vizier and all 
 the officers of the Court are hi the field and the Grand Signer's 
 tent also." 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, July 8. Adrianople. This, I hope, will meet your 
 Excellency upon your journey hither, where I am overjoyed 
 with the thoughts of the happiness of seeing you. " I dare 
 promise your Excellencie in this affaire a great deale of honour, 
 successe and speedy dispatch," your presence being very 
 necessary, when the Bagdatli is likely to throw an impediment 
 in our business which your authority will easily remove. 
 
 We shall to-morrow hear whether the Vizier will appoint 
 you a house or advise you to remain under your tents. 1| pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, July 14. Adrianople. We have excused to the 
 Vizier your Excellency's not coming hither, which was done 
 with the more facility because the Court is so shortly to remove 
 to Constantinople that you could scarce arrive before the 
 Vizier was ready to depart. The business of the Emin is 
 put off until the Court is at Constantinople, in spite of all 
 our protests. You cannot but conceive how greatly we are 
 confused to see the labours and expence of three months 
 blown away, but we shall try our fortunes again with better 
 hope of success under the powerful presence of your Excellency. 
 
 The delay is entirely due to the Teftador (Treasurer) who 
 has opposed the Vizier's inclination to our part by "high 
 words of the Grand Signer's interest and revenue, which, as 
 hee sayes, ought to be preferred before the cause of Gaurs and 
 infidells." The Reis Effendi (Chief Secretary) also favours or 
 rather excuses the Emin. 3 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, July 15. Adrianople. We have again proposed your 
 Excellency's Tayin [allowance] to the Kahya, who replied 
 that if the value of the Tayin were to be found in the ancient 
 registers, the Vizier might be persuaded to renew it in your 
 person, but that to induce him to increase it would be as 
 impossible as to move the world. Three or four days ago the 
 Vizier came (with other officers) to a garden in the city and 
 thither sent for Signer Balarino, of whom they demanded the 
 surrender of Candia. Signer Balarino said that was only in the 
 power of his masters to dispose, whereon the Vizier told 
 him to write to them "to consult well in time, before the 
 
 Wt. 29495. vi 25
 
 386 
 
 Grand Signer came with his conquering army to force it from 
 them." Count Lesly will make his entry on Thursday or 
 Friday. I shall not fail to compliment him and Mr. Howard 
 with the ceremonies due to them. 1 p. 
 
 PAUL RICAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, July 22. Adrianople. Yesterday I made a visit to 
 the Emperor's ambassador in your lordship's name. He 
 received me with a great deal of respect and enquired 
 particularly of my Lady and of the health of Mr. Leopold, 
 the Emperor's godson, to whom hee brings a present of the 
 Emperor's picture from the Emperor himself. I then 
 visited Mr. H. Howard, who hath in company his brother, 
 Mr. Edward Howard. He told me that your lordship " cannot 
 bestow such a regalo on the Embassadour and his court as 
 some entertainment with English beere, and therefore I could 
 wish your Excellency could procure some . . . and if not, set 
 Hans at worke to try the best of his art, for all the gentlemen, 
 as well as the Embassadour, comfort themselves with hopes 
 of drinking fresh beere out of your Excellencies scellar ; and 
 this was also desired to bee advised your Excellencie from the 
 Baron La Hay, a Scotchman, nephew to my Lord Lesly. 
 
 " I am just now returned from seeing the entrance of the 
 Embassadour, which was indeed performed with much state 
 and greatnesse ; for, besides the Turks . . . the Embassadour 
 had of his owne retinue about 150 persons very well clothed 
 after the Hungarian fashion. Before him went his horse 
 with ketle drumms, but did not sound, and two banners 
 with the spread Eagle, but not displaid ; one of which, of a 
 very rich embrodery, just before the Embassadour, was carried 
 by Mr. Edward Howard. . . . The Embassadour himself 
 was clothed very gloriously, and on his sable cap woare a 
 rich feather adorned with diverse Jewells." Before him came 
 eight led horses, and after him his litter, and three coaches 
 with six horses apiece, " very richly guilded and adorned with 
 glasse windows, after the new mode " ; then more coaches, 
 containing gentlemen of his retinue. He passed through the 
 camp, where the Grand Signer and Vizier viewed him from 
 their tents, and thence through the suburbs to his house, 
 provided and furnished at the Grand Signor's charge. 
 
 Since the news of the burning of the seraglio, the Grand 
 Signor's departure is hastened. The Queen Mother departs 
 hence this night. The plague increases here very much, 
 and I fear it will be transported hence to Constantinople. 3 pp. 
 
 H. HOWARD OF NORFOLK to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, [July 24-] Aug. 3. Adrianople. I hoped to have seen 
 you here very shortly, but hear from Mr. Ricaut that you 
 will remain where you are in regard of the Grand Signor's 
 coming so soon to Constantinople. I humbly thank you
 
 387 
 
 for the honour you are pleased to do me and my brother, who 
 shall not fail to kiss your and your lady's hands immediately 
 upon our arrival at Constantinople, and I am sure that his 
 Csesarean Majesty's ambassador will not fail of waiting on 
 your lordship, and showing you all the respect and services 
 imaginable. I doubt not also that you will render him all 
 the civilities he can desire, and I " take the fredome to advertise 
 your lordship onderhand that you cannot possibly stody to 
 fynd out or meete with a greater regalo for him and all us his 
 followers then some well brewed beere or ale, the which if 
 your lordship bee nott at present furnished with store of, 
 I beg of you to be pleased (if there be any such thing as a 
 brewer in thease parts) to cause some imediatly to be purposely 
 brewed, and withall for our present releafe (for we have store 
 of sike and almost dying people that long for it) to procure 
 as much beere as may be out of any Inglish or other ships 
 which are or shall ere we aryve come into the port. I hope 
 your Excellency will pardon this fredome I take since I know 
 the wonted style of your generous hart to oblige all the world." 
 Holograph. Endorsed by Ricaut as being new style. 1 J pp. 
 
 HENRY HOWARD OF NORFOLK to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 [1665, July 29- Aug. 8.] Friday afternoon. Adrianople. 
 My English letters of June 17 all confirm our great and signal 
 victory against the Dutch, which news will be the best regalo 
 I can present to your Excellency and the rest of our nation 
 in these parts. I send you some of the letters. All the most 
 intelligent of my correspondents agree " that upon the 3rd of 
 June last the Duch had a most entier overthrow, soe as of 
 105 ships of theyres nott above forty five are as yett heard 
 of to come into the Texell, some few others more northewards 
 may possibly have gott in, and what we have taken, sunke 
 and burnt are above twenty, some say thirty, the rest disperst : 
 of seven of theyr admiralls all theyr ships lost, and five of 
 themselves killed, and Trumpe, thoe thought lost, with five 
 onely more saved himself e at the sinking of his ship. All 
 their flag ships, (that is, the admiralls, vice and rere admiralls) 
 lost abundance of their officers besides eight if nott nyne 
 thousand men killed, and of our syde one ship and few persons 
 of qualety, with about seaven hundred comon men, whose 
 names the enclosed letters and printed papers save me the 
 repetition, butt the best of all for us is yett to come, and I 
 reasonably imagine has ere this dropped into our mouthes, 
 for tis beleaved that the East Indian fleete in which most of 
 all their rest of treisure is lodged, whoe knoe nott of their 
 countreymens defeate, is now on theyr way homewards, and 
 that within a monthe after this last fyght, they were expected 
 to returne, soe as our neighbores the Hollanders have butt 
 soe long tyme left in which they must now or never man out 
 a new fleete, beate us and become masters of the narrow 
 seas to conduct theyr riches home. My letters ad farther
 
 388 
 
 that the people are in a maner ready owerly [hourly] to mutiny 
 in Holland, and teare theyr governors in peaces, and I really 
 belive 'tis nott impossible, nay, provable enough, that thease 
 giddy headed multitude of boores may sone end in a tumult 
 as they began, and from theyr first originall of rebelling gaynst 
 theyr masters may now allsoe finish by rebelling agaynst one 
 another to the end of the chapter : my other newse of most 
 importance, is the great provabilety of our spedy breach with 
 France, which I have many more resons and particulars to 
 warant my beleafe in then is fitt or possible to be couched 
 in this paper, of which, with some other particulars nott 
 improper for your lordship's private eare and knolege, your 
 lordship shall be served when I have the honore to kisse 
 your hands. . . ." 
 
 Postscript. I wrote this in haste last night, thinking to 
 have got a messenger express. " The Hollanders are onder 
 such a consternation at present as they know nott scarce 
 how to look one the other in the face, and many already begin 
 to make hudge court to the Prince of Orange ; all even almost 
 to a man of theyr best officers and bravest fellows are lost, 
 and if, as is infallibly belived, de Rutter with his East India 
 fleete fall into our lape (c'est pour ashever de peindre) they 
 are, in the opinion even of the Frensh (theyr onely supporters), 
 in a disparing condition, and I wonder what answere my Lord 
 Embassadore Hollis will have from the Frensh King when he, 
 according to our Kings order, tells him that his master has 
 obteyned such a victory gaynst the Duch, contrary to his 
 French majesties belive or expectation. The Spanish and 
 all other embassadores and publique ministers imediatly opon 
 this happy newse at London came imediatly and congratulated 
 the King and all our Courte, except the Mounsers, who forbore 
 it four or five days, theyr Embassadore keping his chamber 
 and pretending the tootheache for so long : butt the mayne 
 consequence in deade of all this newse is, barely this in short : 
 now opon this victory, and his Majestie and the Dukes great 
 liberaletyes to the seamen etc., we are setting out anew besides 
 our mayne body of our navy two fletes more (and so many 
 men offer as we neade pres none) most of merchant men 
 escorted well with some ships of war, whoe are forthewith 
 to goe for the Indies and for Ginney etc. ; this most of all 
 terifyes nott alone the Duch, butt frights allmost all our 
 Christian neighbores, whoe butt now begin to see and aprehend 
 at what rate we meane to ingrose the best part of the traffique 
 of the whole world ; and thoe I heard lately a discourse here 
 touching some rants of this Ottomon Emperor agaynst us 
 and our making of a safe haven on the coast of Barbary at 
 Tanger and many other ayery [airy] menaces of theyres, I 
 doubt nott butt they, as well as others, will at last consider 
 better and more esteme our power. ... If wee are like to rest 
 long heare I will obteyne my leave of this Caesarian embassadore 
 to goe away aforehand to Constantinople, but I rather hope
 
 389 
 
 in a few days he will be dispached himself e, for on tewsday 
 we are to see the Grand Signior, that of the Visier being past 
 on thursday laste. 
 
 'Tis a great disaster at this tyme to the House of Austria 
 to have lost the Archeduke at Insproke ; he was maried by 
 proxy onely, and had nott yett seen his bryde. The comon 
 voyce runnes that the Frensh caused him to be poysoned, 
 and indede his soe suden siknesse and death looks like little 
 lesse then poyson. All the Courts of Christendome are alredy 
 in morening for him and I belive ere long will be anew for the 
 Quene Mother of France. Our Queen Mother allsoe is ill and 
 goes nott for France butt to the Spaw I heare." Holograph. 
 3. pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to CHARLES II. 
 
 1665, Aug. 5. Pera. Congratulating him on his great 
 success over his proud enemies. Hopes that it may be the 
 prelude to many more, and that, by the subjugation of the 
 Dutch, the world may be filled with his praises and history 
 with the relation of his victories ; and London adorned with 
 as many triumphal arches as ancient Rome. Letter Book, ii, 
 p. 263. f p. [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE SAME to THE DUKE OF YORK. 
 
 1665, Aug. 5. Congratulating him upon the great victory 
 won by his Highness' " conquering arm," and regretting that 
 his employment makes it impossible for him to be " listed 
 a soldier under so great and glorious a commander." Ibid, 
 p. 264. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD ARLINGTON. 
 
 1665, Aug. 5. Concerning the late victory, the chance of 
 a war with France, the parsimony of the Company and the 
 difficulty in obtaining redress of grievances from the Turks. 
 Is sending his secretary shortly to give an account of the 
 true state of affairs. Ibid. p. 264. 1 pp. [Original in S.P. 
 Turkey.] 
 
 THE SAME to THE TURKEY COMPANY. 
 
 1665, Aug. 5. Pera. After a year and a quarter's silence, 
 Ihave received your lettersof Feb. 24 and April 17. " lam glad 
 you have made so fortunate a choice of ministers for the 
 supply of this place and Smirna. Mr. Denton is a modest, 
 ingenious person, and Mr. Luke, I hope, by his discreet carriage 
 will attone for the crimes of that impertinent schismatick who 
 was his predecessor, and show the difference that is betwixt a 
 fiery, haire-brained zealot and a sober, pious, orthodox divine. 
 Where the consul committed any irregularity in his proceedings 
 towards Broadgate I see not. If it was in not expecting 
 your sentence in the case, give me leave to tell you that in 
 points touching his Majesties honor and conformity to the 
 church, and of traitors and schismaticks, you are as little
 
 390 
 
 judges here as in Westminster Hall, and upon examination 
 of your charter, you will not find a syllable that can entitle 
 you to such an authority ; though for what I acted, I have 
 his Majesties broad seal and my private instructions to 
 vindicate me, and should the consul himself be as factious 
 in matters of state as he [Broadgate] was in matters of the 
 Church, I should not scruple sending him the same way. . . . 
 
 " For Dr. Pickering, if you think your information there 
 truer than mine here, send me a positive order under your 
 hands for his dismissal from the place, and I shall send him 
 home. But how does it correspond that you think I have 
 power to discharge Dr. Pickering, but holy Brother Broadgate 
 is above all power but your owne ? " 
 
 Concerning keeping a druggerman at Court, I think it as 
 necessary to keep him there for the prevention, as send him 
 for the remedy of misfortunes, but if you debar me of that 
 latitude, "write me punctually what occasions and no other 
 are necessary and emergent, without these loose generall 
 termes, which are the seeds of dispute and contention, and 
 snares for my actions." 
 
 For Signer Georgio's son, it will be an act of charity, and 
 show a grateful remembrance of his father's long and faithful 
 service, to entertain him, his youth promising that he may 
 become as serviceable to you as his father. 
 
 For the avania of Mr. Carew, I acted according to the 
 advice of the whole factory. I believe there never was or will 
 be any national avania. In Sir Sackville Crowe's time, 
 when he secured the goods of particular persons, the expence 
 (which was not small) was borne by the public, and "the 
 protection of the factors in the lawfull prosecution of their 
 calling, is I think, an inseperable right and indissoluable 
 privilege " which no regulations can deprive them of. Should 
 the Turks once -feiow that private persons were to rely upon 
 their own strength alone, "there would never be avanias 
 wanting, but falling upon one by one, they would in time 
 undoe the whole. And what indeed doe they pay their con- 
 sulage for but to be protected? Or how can I in justice deny 
 to give them what they pay for ? It is true I am not bound 
 to defend the crimes of anyone . . . and so farre the 
 distinction of personall and nationall is rationall ; but when 
 he is unjustly and injuriously impeded in his trade, the case 
 becomes every ones, and it may be yours to-morrow, as 
 well as mine to-day." And the consequence may be very 
 dangerous, for suppose, contrary to our capitulations, one is 
 violated in his property, and has no money, " we must permitt 
 the infringment of our priviledges, and lett them have the 
 benefitt of that president in all future cases, because they are 
 so discreet as not to fall upon the nation all at once, but pick 
 them out one by one. . . . 
 
 My commission from his Majesty does not exclude the poor 
 from his protection, but gives them a larger share, as less able
 
 391 
 
 to assist themselves ; and he cannot but expect you to defend 
 his honour and his subjects' estates, "having given you 
 consullage to defray that charge, and his Majesties royall 
 grandfather remitted the 4,OOOZ. per annum which by our first 
 charter, in the 35th of Queene Elizabeth, was to be paid to 
 the crowne." The distinction between personal and national 
 is an absurdity, for what is the nation but a number of 
 persons, and to protect one and not the other is impossible, 
 and only a shift to evade what you have a valuable consider- 
 ation from his Majesty to support. " Lett me speake as an 
 uninterested person, and as one that by my practice in this 
 country may be also capable of adviseing you ; that the 
 result will be farre different from what you designe, for 
 it will rather augment then diminish your expence, and att 
 last the frequent violation of the capitulations make them 
 of no esteeme nor validity, and when there is no longer a 
 respect for them, there is no more a safety for your 
 estates." 
 
 For Moratt Basha's bridge, I shall follow your advice. 
 Mr. trough's books are not to be found. 
 
 " Bagdatli (procurator for Stanton and Bishops credittors) 
 made his demand upon me, and if I had not appeared, wee 
 had been condemned 50,000 dollars, and all others that had 
 pretences of the same nature were ready to fall upon us, 
 expecting only the successe of the other. I would know 
 whether, making his demand upon me in particular, the avania 
 be nationall or personall, for I can easily avoid trouble to 
 myselfe by suffering them to have the liberty of your factors 
 warehouses. I comprehend not your meaning that the 
 interested persons estates must make good the expence that 
 shall happen. If you intend Stanton and Bishop, they 
 left no estate behind them ; if their principalls, they are 
 in England, where, if you can prove any conspiracy between 
 them and their factors, the law is open for your remedy. 
 But I cannot in justice seize any man's estate before I 
 know he is criminal!, neither doe I find by my commission 
 I have any authority to take the masters estate to pay 
 for the servants crime. Though I, as well as you, think 
 the businesse does not concerne you, yet if the Turkes are 
 of another opinion, and will claim it from you, whether you 
 will stand up in your owne defence or submitt, I leave to 
 you. 
 
 " I am obliged to you for the 2,000 dollars, and highly 
 engaged to you for the 2,824 you except to in the treasurers 
 accounts, which is an ingenious way of regulating an 
 embassadours salary, and a great encouragement to make 
 him act vigorously for you." 
 
 [The rest of the letter is concerning Ricaut's intended journey 
 to England.] Copy. 2pp. Headed, "A copy of the letter I 
 send by Ricaut to the Company." [Not entered in the Letter 
 Book.]
 
 392 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to CAPT. RICHARD HULSE. 
 
 1665, Aug. 10. Thanking him in warm terms for his great 
 care of the estates, and stating that now as his debts are 
 reduced to so small a compass that the ordinary revenue will 
 easily master them he is resolved to save for the further 
 improvement of those estates which have done so much for 
 him. [Directions.] 
 
 Sends " a draft of a horse-mill, and another invention to 
 cast out water," which are very cheap, and, he believes, 
 serviceable ; also designs for the town and his house at Watton. 
 Is very willing to be at the expense of sending his servant 
 Hall to see " the late great drains of the fens of Lincolnshire 
 and the Level of Bedford, Isle of Ely and others thereabouts " 
 and to take drawings of such works and engines as may be 
 useful ; also to try to procure workmen and tenants for his 
 " drowned lands." Letter Book, ii, p. 266. 4 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE COMMISSIONERS OF HIS ESTATE. 
 1665, Aug. 10. Concerning his estate. Refers them for 
 details to Mr. Ricaut, of whose fidelity and discretion he has 
 had great experience, and whom in all things he considers as 
 one of his commissioners. Is sorry to hear that the new works 
 at Watton (which have cost so much money and pains) "are 
 suffered by the neglect or malice of some to run to ruin." 
 Commits the principal charge of his Yorkshire estates to Capt. 
 Hulse (the trouble of which, if accepted, he shall ever esteem 
 a singular service), and assures them all of his gratitude for 
 their kindness and care during his absence. Ibid. p. 270. 2 pp. 
 
 THE COMMANDERS of the general ships to THE EARL OF 
 WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, Aug. 11. Smyrna. An order having come from the 
 Captain Basha that all ships are to be stayed in the port, " for 
 that he may have occasion of them," the commanders protest 
 against the Company's ships being taken for the Turkish service, 
 and pray for his Excellencj^'s protection and aid in the matter. 
 Signed, Sam. Chamblett, Jonathan Bradenham, Deyer Bate. 
 1 p. 
 
 H. HOWARD OF NORFOLK to THE SAME. 
 1665, Aug. [13-J23. Adrianople. We hope next week to 
 kiss your hands in Constantinople, and trust that before that 
 we may have more particulars of our late victory, which as 
 I understand by your lordship's of the 2nd " the Frensh, our 
 ould enemies, endeavore to smother all in them lyes, but I 
 hope with your lordship that we shall tewne the mounsers 
 pipe for them ere long. I am extreame glad to heare your 
 lordship has allrcady bothe provided beere and caused new 
 to be brewed ; it will be the greatest regalo and moste accept- 
 able favore your lordship could possibly find out to oblige 
 this Embassadore and all his treyne withall." Holograph. 1 p.
 
 393 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE BISHOP OF CALAMINA. 
 
 1665, Aug. 18-28. Pera. Has heard with much joy of his 
 Eminence's intention to bless Constantinople with his presence. 
 Prays that God may grant him a safe journey and stay in 
 this country, to which he himself will contribute all that lies 
 in his power. Letter Book, ii, p. 272. Italian. | p. 
 
 H. HOWARD to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, Aug. [21-J31. Churlo. This ambassador is sending 
 his steward, as he tells me, to thank you for your so many 
 favours daily conferred upon him. I hope on Friday we 
 shall arrive at the little bridge about three hours from 
 Constantinople, and on Monday morning early enter the 
 town. " Perhaps for a few days I shall be in decency forsed 
 to lye at my Lord Embassador Lesley's house, yett I doubt 
 nott butt ere long with my brother to embrace the honore of 
 your Excellency's favorable invitation." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 THE DEPUTIES AT Scio to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, [Aug. 27-] Sept. 6. Scio. Again expressing their 
 gratitude to his Excellency, especially for his druggerman 
 Draperiis' activity on their behalf at the Ottoman Court. 
 They learn that the Imperial ambassador has also orders 
 to protect them, and rejoice that together then' Excellencies 
 will take counsel for the defence of the Latin Church and rites. 
 Italian. 1 p. 
 
 THE COMMANDERS of the general ships to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, Aug. 29. Smyrna. Thanking his Excellency for his 
 answer to their address and expressing then- joy that he is 
 not only truly sensible of their sufferings but promises to use 
 his endeavours to free them from this " Turkish violence." 
 Signed as before. (See under date Aug. 11, above.) \ p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1665, Sept. 1. Pera. Our affairs here lie dead until the 
 coming of the Vizier, when I hope we shall receive the justice 
 our cause challenges. 
 
 I send you a copy of the letter which Ricaut will carry to 
 the Company some five or six weeks hence.* I have written 
 to them in something a severer style than ordinary, and you 
 may inform them that "it is a sharpness proceeds from love 
 and not from any disgust," and that it is zeal for their good, 
 not anger for their comportment to me, which moves me. 
 I hope the success of the business at Aleppo will let them 
 see that I have been both fervent and faithful in their 
 concerns. 
 
 * See p. 38U above.
 
 394 
 
 Mr. Henry Howard of Norfolk and his brother are arrived 
 here. I hope I shall persuade them not to go to Jerusalem 
 " because of the dangers of that road, especially for persons 
 of quality." 
 
 All ships here and at Smyrna are stopped for the service 
 of the Grand Signor, who intends to send the Vizier with a 
 great army against Candia. I doubt it will be difficult to 
 free our general ships from this embargo (even if half laden), 
 their strength and goodness making the Turks the more desirous 
 of them. I foresee the damage it will bring to the Company, 
 and will do my utmost to prevent it. " I am much afflicted 
 to heare of the encrease of the plague in London. God protect 
 the Court, the fleet, you and your family and our relations 
 from that contagion." Letter Book, ii, p. 272. 1| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD ARLINGTON. 
 
 1665, Sept. 10. Pera. Concerning the arrival of Count 
 Lesley and the Howards, the preparations against Candia and 
 the embargo upon Christian ships. The Marquis of Durazzo 
 is come from the Republic of Genoa to know if they may 
 send an ambassador, to which the Vizier has replied, according 
 to their old maxim, "that the arms of the Porte are always 
 open to receive their friends." Has made a solemn visit to 
 the Emperor's ambassador, which he has returned with 
 equal ceremony. Ibid. p. 275. 1^ pp. {Original in S.P 
 Turkey.} 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 [1665,] Sept. 11-21. Monday. Surenden. " The news of 
 your safety was so wellcome to us that we can easily forgive 
 all the ill accidents which have befallen you, if any of them 
 deserve to bee thought so ; for though it may look like ill 
 fortune to bee left on shipboard, yet it made your deliverance 
 from thence the sweeter, and your obligations to my cosin 
 Finch the greater, to whom bee sure you present my thanks 
 and all the service imaginable. I do not much lament the 
 want of those advantages which wayting upon my Lord 
 Carlingford might have brought you ; since I see they were 
 so slippery and transitory I think all is for the best and so 
 should you too. Travelling teaches every man how to shift, 
 but you must observe too the special! providences which 
 do protect and support you in such occasions, that you may 
 remember them with gratitude both to God and men as long 
 as you live. . . . 
 
 Write to us from all places as often as you can. . . . 
 When you come to Venice, Dr. Bargrave charges you to eat 
 no oysters ; they are delicious but not so wholesome as ours. 
 . . . You may divert yourself awhile with seeing the neer 
 parts of Flanders, and return agayn to Ostend. Nothing 
 but a firm resolution will keep you from the inconvenience of
 
 395 
 
 drinking, but bee sure you never suffer the civilityes of Flanders 
 or Germany to cheat you of your health, nor those of Italy 
 to cheat you of your religion. Your brothers and sister 
 remember you with great affection, and long to see their 
 brother Heneage. Your mother and I pray for you both, 
 that God would ever have you in his gracious custody." 
 
 Postscript. " Let my cosin Finch know that I have writt 
 by this post to Sir Edward Bering to have a care of his and 
 his brother's concernments in Ireland." Holograph. 1 p. 
 {Partly printed in " The History of Burley on the Hill"] 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE COMMISSIONERS OF HIS 
 
 ESTATE. 
 
 1665, Sept. 12. Pera. Hears that his park at Eastwell 
 is overstocked with deer, horses and cows. Desires to have 
 about 100 red and 1,000 fallow deer, and no more horses 
 and cowes than may be without prejudice to the deer. Has 
 some thoughts of making an abatement to his tenants in 
 Kent and Sussex of a fifth or sixth part of their rents, "and 
 to take a fine for such abatements for leases of twenty-one 
 years " with which fines he would buy more lands. Believes 
 his rents would thus be better paid, and he could tie his 
 "farms" to plant and build, and so improve the estate. 
 
 Is confident that the grubbing up of four or five hundred 
 acres of woodland in King's Wood, Nacolt [qy. Knockholt] 
 and other places will improve his estate, and that the wood 
 will pay for the buildings and enclosures. Letter Book, ii, p. 278. 
 l\PP> 
 
 LORD ARLINGTON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, Sept. 13. Sarum. " I hope your Excellency, having 
 Sir John Finch for your correspondent soe much nearer than 
 wee are and the means of sending to you, you will not have 
 cause to complain of the want of knowing all our news, which 
 God bee thanked hath been very good this year, excepting 
 one particular, the raging of the plague at London, which 
 drove us from thence in June and hath hitherto continued 
 to increase soe much that wee are afraid it will bee long 
 before wee returne thither ; for which reason his Majesty 
 hath appointed the Parliament to meet him at Oxford in the 
 beginning of October, purposing to remove his Court thither 
 at the latter end of this month. 
 
 " I suppose your Excellency received long since the happy 
 news of the victory his Royal Highnesse made upon the Dutch 
 fleet in the beginning of the summer, and his Majesties having 
 prevailed upon him not to expose his person the second time 
 to such hazards, soe that as the fleets seemed going out, the 
 command of it remained with my Lord Sandwich, who being 
 much ready before the Dutch and his game before him, being 
 the intercepting the Smyrna and East India fleet of Holland 
 then expected, hee made to the norward ; they being to
 
 396 
 
 returne by the way of Scotland, and hearing they had 
 sheltered themselves in Bergen, a great port of Norway, my 
 Lord Sandwich detatched a squadron of the fleet, consisting of 
 about 20 ships, reckoning in the fire ships, to make an attempt 
 either to fire or take them, which the wind failing at that 
 instant they had most need of it, and the Castles and the 
 Dutch ships joining in resisting ours, they were obliged to 
 retire, some of our ships much shatter'd, and betwixt three 
 and four hundred of our men killed and without any other 
 fruit to us then the letting the world see that Englishmen with 
 what disadvantage soever are bold enough to undertake 
 anything. After this disappointment, our whole fleet without 
 the losse of any ship returned to our owne coast, at which 
 time the Hollanders after much adoe got out their fleet to 
 goe and convey home their merchants from Bergen ; and 
 our news yesterday brings us the assurance that my Lord of 
 Sandwich hath lighted on a parte of them and taken a 
 considerable booty . . . soe that as our first conquest was 
 the more honourable this is the more profitable to us and of 
 infinite more damage to the Dutch." 
 
 Lord Sandwich has lost only one frigate in taking this prey, 
 and the Dutch are scattered by ill weather. 
 
 I have received yours of June 24 and July 12. Concerning 
 your complaint of the merchants' ill-usage of you, and 
 Mr. Love's insolent speeches, I am very sorry and ashamed 
 that his Majesty's recommendations have been so ineffectual, 
 but I promise you that he and your Excellency shall be righted, 
 and if his Majesty's arms are long enough for it Mr. Love 
 shall be chastised. Mr. Jones, our consul at Venice, writes 
 that great preparations are making there for the recovery of 
 Candia. Signed. 4 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR GEORGE OXINDEN, President 
 for his Majesty in India. 
 
 1665, Sept. 14. Pera. '' Though I am at Constantinople, 
 and you as remote as the Indies, yet are we still under the 
 notion of neighbours whilest wee both retaine our relation to 
 the same country, and I hope before we dye it will please 
 God, though never so distant at present, to confine our 
 dwellings to a neerer compasse. In the meane time the character 
 of your office and your good fame and the curiositie I have 
 to understand the state and affaires of the East Indies invite 
 me to a desire of correspondence with you which I shall 
 willingly beginne in confidence of the like returnes from you, 
 desiring to exchange the intelligence of Christendome for 
 the newes of India. The common face of the affaires of 
 Christendome in gennerall lookes very turbulent and clouded, 
 threatning stormes of warre in all parts of it, especially in 
 England ; where it having pleased God to blesse the arines of 
 his Majestic with a signall victory over the Dutch, the French,
 
 397 
 
 as emulous and jealous of this prosperitie, have resolved and 
 accordingly promised the Hollanders to provide and maintaine 
 for them at their owne charge 13,000 land men and 30 saile 
 of ships untill the end of the wane. And as a beginning 
 of this rupture, by my laste letters out of Italy, it was advised 
 that his Majestie's fleet had taken 45 sailes in one weeke, 26 of 
 which were bound for Holland with provisions and ammunition 
 for warre. And to counterpoise the scale it is very probable that 
 the house of Austria will joyne with us, which treatie is so farre 
 proceeded that it is confidently reported that Ostend and New- 
 port are to bee delivered into the possession of his Majestie. 
 
 " Amongst the other curiosities of the East Indies, I have 
 a particular liking to that drinke which they call tea, and 
 therefore I must desire you to doe me the favour to send me 
 by the caravans which come for Aleppo such a proportion 
 thereof as may serve for two persons a whole yeare, and if it 
 will keep, a provision of two yeares, with the best receipt 
 how to make it, and with the vessells to make it and drinke it 
 in, and a silver cup after the Chinese manner with wood in 
 the midle. Also I desire some oyle and spirit of cinnamon, 
 and that you would send me a list of such curiosities as are 
 to be found in those parts where you reside. If when you 
 cast your eyes homewards and intend for your owne country 
 you bring with you a hansome cabinet for me, you will 
 strangely oblige me, and I shall with many thankes repay 
 you the charge. And for the things you send me heither I 
 shall make good the cost to any you shall appoint, either at 
 Aleppo or Smyrna, to receive it, and shall very much acknow- 
 ledge myself engaged to you." Letter Book, ii, p. 279. 2| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCIIILSEA to RICHARD COLSTON. 
 1665, Sept. 23. Pera. I am indebted to you for your 
 letters (which have rejoiced us with the happy news of the 
 great victory God has given our fleet), and have satisfied 
 your bill of postage to Capt. John Messenger of the Sun. 
 " But for contributing to the charge of the manuscripts, I 
 conceive myself no ways obliged, by reason that they come 
 to me at the second hand," and whether I have the perusal 
 of them or not, they come to you from London. I have had 
 the like for many years from Ligorne and Venice, without 
 any such demands from the consuls, but because I have put 
 you to many troubles with my correspondence, you need not 
 doubt that by some means or other I shall show myself grateful. 
 I understand that one Mr. Cogell is now made consul at Mar- 
 seilles and so will have the trouble of my letters, but I pray let 
 me not lose your good correspondence. Ibid. p. 281. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD "LOTHERDALE," Secretary of 
 
 State for Scotland. 
 
 1665, Sept. 27. Pera. Assuring his lordship of his esteem 
 and remembrance, and introducing Mr. William Golt, a Scotch
 
 398 
 
 merchant, " who having lived in Turkey for so many years 
 as with good fame and reputation to have gained a considerable 
 estate," is now retiring home, and will be able to satisfy his 
 lordship's curiosity in what relates to the state of this Empire. 
 Letter Book, ii, p. 281. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to the KING OF POLAND. 
 [1665, Sept. 27 ?] Pera. Recommending the above- 
 mentioned William Golt to his Majesty's protection, during 
 his passage through his dominions. Latin. Ibid. p. 282. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR GEORGE OXINDEN, President at Surat. 
 
 1665, Sept. 28. Pera. Has nothing to add to his former 
 letter, save to recommend to his care and courteous reception 
 the Jesuit Fathers, Henrie Roy and Jean Gruebert. If he 
 does not find the rarities (mentioned in his former letter) in 
 the country where he is, it is possible the Fathers may be able 
 to assist therein. Ibid. p. 283. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to the COMMISSIONERS OF HIS ESTATE. 
 1665, Oct. 1. Pera. Since I hear that the plague is so 
 raging in London that the Court and Turkey merchants 
 are all dispersed, I am allowing my secretary " to take the 
 more convenient leisure " for his journey in company of the 
 German ambassador, and hope that by the time he arrives 
 " it may please God to withdraw his hand from this heavy 
 judgment on our nation." Learning also that one coming 
 from London to Eastwell has died of it in my house, I desire 
 that during this mortal infection only my own family and 
 such as must necessarily have access, enter my house or the 
 lodges of the Park. Ibid, p. 284. f p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE EARL OF ARLINGTON. 
 1665, Oct. 2. Pera. The Grand Signor has returned to 
 Constantinople, but how long he may stay is doubtful. " His 
 thoughts and wishes are said to be at Adrianople, but the 
 endeavours of his friends are to detain him here, which I 
 wish may prevail," as the presence of the Court conduces 
 to the security of our affairs. I am staying my secretary to 
 travel to Vienna with the German ambassador, Lord Leslie, 
 who, I am secretly informed, is designed after his return for 
 ambassador for England. We greatly condole the sad 
 contagion in England, but our sorrow is moderated by the happy 
 successes of the fleet, both in June and " now lately in that 
 grand enterprise achieved upon the Hollanders in the island 
 of Bergen." Ibid. p. 284. 1 p. t 
 
 THE SAME to THOMAS DEATH and EPHRAIM SKINNER 
 
 [at Ligorne]. 
 
 1665, Oct. 6-16. Pera. His cousin, Sir John Finch, may 
 need 1,000 dollars for the purchase of pictures, statues and
 
 399 
 
 medals on his (Winchilsea's) behalf. Prays them to furnish 
 the money and place it to his account. Letter Book, ii, p. 286. 
 
 I* 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to WILLIAM Mico. 
 
 1665, Oct. 6-16. Pera. " I cannot but still professe myself 
 the same friend as I have done in the height of your prosperitie, 
 continuing the same good wishes for the recoverie of you from 
 your instant pressures as I did formerly for the maintenance 
 of your good fortunes." I confess myself singularly obliged 
 to you for many friendly acknowledgements of your respect, 
 which will not easily be forgotten ; but as your present retire- 
 ment deprives you of the ability, though not of the will to be 
 as useful to me as formerly, I am laying the charge of my 
 employments upon others, although I receive very kindly your 
 new proffers of receiving the pains of my commissions. The 
 money for the coach I desire you to pay to Mr. Death and 
 Skinner, deducting any moneys owing to yourself on our 
 account. Ibid. p. 286. f p. 
 
 THE SAME to his BROTHER TORE and CAPT. HULSE. 
 
 1665, Oct. 9-19. Pera. Desiring them to put away 
 Mr. Walrond and take a steward whose sole care will be 
 attending to the estates ; or, if they think Mr. Walrond 
 well-deserving, to continue him in the place, " with a sole 
 attention to my concernments ... it being absolutely my 
 opinion that my occasions can never be supplyed without 
 the entire thoughts of him that attends them." Ibid, p. 285. 
 I p. 
 
 THE SAME to the DEPUTIES OF Scio. 
 
 1665, Oct. 10-20. Pera. Thanking them for their too 
 kind expressions of gratitude, and assuring them that 
 immediately on the arrival of the Imperial ambassador, he 
 recommended the affairs of Scio to his protection. Ibid, 
 p. 288. Italian. p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR GEORGE OXINDEN at Surat. 
 
 1665, Oct. 17. Pera. Having had my curiosity increased 
 by discourse with certain persons " acquainted with the 
 manners and rareties of China and other parts of the Indies," 
 I venture to give you new, troublesome commissions for some 
 other curiosities of those countries, which I am informed are 
 endued with a strange virtue, viz. : 
 
 From China. 12 cups of straw gilded and silver and 12 of 
 copper ; 6 cups of silver with wood in the middle ; one of 
 gold, of the same form. 
 
 From Bengala. Wlb. weight of the roots of Bengale and 
 3 or 4lb. of the roots of Calamba, from Mozambique, with 
 the manner of use in fevers ; 4,000 stones of the island of 
 Dio, against all sorts of poisons, with the manner how they 
 are used on occasion of plague or fevers.
 
 400 
 
 Out of Japan or China. Several small boxes painted, of 
 several sizes, of lac ; one of the best cabinets, of Japan or 
 China work, not exceeding 50?. sterling ; with the value of 
 about 100 dollars of other rarities to furnish it. 
 
 I pray you keep these things by you until after the conclusion 
 of the peace with Holland, when, if you are not returning 
 yourself, you may consign them to Mr. John Buckworth at 
 London. But I would have sent at once eight or ten ounces 
 of the root of Bengala and Calamba ; 100 of the stones from 
 Dio, with directions how to use them, and any other cordials 
 you judge rare in those parts. I will arrange for you to be 
 paid at London, Smyrna or Aleppo, as you desire, and shall 
 ever acknowledge your great favour, and seek opportunities 
 "which may bring you commissions with more advantage." 
 Letter Book, ii, p. 289. l pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1665, Oct. 20. Pera. " To divert youi more serious thoughts 
 with a little pastime, I send you inclosed a letter of an English 
 Quaker come to this city, not to converte the Great Turke 
 to Christianitie as most of the wandering apostles of that sect 
 pretend, but to move him to commence an other warre against 
 Germanie. How slight soever this matter might seeme in 
 proceeding from a braine so wholy phrensicall. it might yet 
 have cost deare and proved of ill consequence to our nation 
 here, had I not timely taken this mad fellow out of the Turkes 
 handes into my owne custody, and happily intercepted his 
 letters as they were carrying to the Vizier, the coppies of which 
 I send you herewith enclosed under his owne hand. I trouble 
 you the rather with this story because I found about this 
 Quaker a passe or certificate given this person by Mr. Clutter buck 
 of Ligorne, which though it were not much significant farther 
 then to testify he was an Englishman and in that respect to 
 treat him with that kindnesse as is due to all subjects of his 
 Majestic from those in peace and amitie with him, yet it may 
 well be interpreted a countenance and encouragement to that 
 sort of sactaries, who are ready to believe that the least civilitie 
 towards them is an immediate motion from God in favour 
 and confirmation of their profession. And therefore pray 
 represent to Mr. Clutterbuck his errour herein, and give warning 
 to all other merchants at Livorne to be carefull for the future 
 how they encourage these enthusiarrs, especially to divert 
 them from their intentions for Turky, in regard that their 
 madnesse may probably be paid for at the charge of the 
 publick." Ibid. p. 290. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1665. Xov. 12. Pera. You will receive this from my 
 secretary, who has commission to notify to the Turkey Company 
 that as they have not thought fit to attend to my warnings
 
 401 
 
 and advice, nor to repose in me the necessary trust, I hold 
 myself excused before the world if any misfortunes befall 
 their estates. " For in this Empire the authority of a foreign 
 minister is but faint which is not aimed with some other 
 weapons than the bare commission of his Prince." 
 
 Though my five years are nearly expired, and my debts 
 paid, I have not yet made the provision for my younger children 
 which I aimed at when I undertook this remote employment, 
 and therefore (God willing) I resolve, with his Majesty's consent, 
 to continue here for some years longer. But I would humbly 
 beg his Majesty that, for important affairs of my private 
 concernment, he would permit me to return to England with 
 my wife for a few months ; sending me a commission to appoint 
 a deputy during my absence. 
 
 " This case was in Queene Elizabeth's time, and in the yeare 
 1589, when one Mr. Edward Barton was left deputy embassador 
 at Constantinople, as appeares hi Speed's Chronicles, and is 
 in the letter of Sultan Amurath to that Queene, specifyed in 
 the Turkish history. . . . Excuse, I pray (deare cousin) 
 the multiplied ie of troubles I put upon you, since it proceeds 
 from the confidence T have of your kindnesse and affection." 
 Letter Book, ii, p. 291. 2J pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to [CHARLES LEWIS], ELECTOR 
 PALATINE of the Rhine. 
 
 1665, Nov. 12. Pera. " The duty and profound reverence 
 I owe to that royall stock of which your Higlmesse is so 
 principall a branch obliges me on all occasions to testify my 
 due respect," in which I should be deficient if I suffered the 
 bearer, my secretary, to pass through your jurisdiction without 
 laying at your feet my humble service. " And therefore, in 
 commemoration of your worth and virtues (which, since the 
 time my house at Eastwell was honoured with the presence of 
 your Highnesse, I cease not to remember), I thought it necessary 
 to signify that, in this remote and barbarous country your 
 Highnesse preserves a servant affected with the same unalterable 
 devotion and fidelitie as he ever professed in his neerer 
 addresses." Ibid, ii, p. 295. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to the EMPEROR. 
 
 1665, Nov. 12. Pera. Concerning the gift of his picture 
 to his godson, Leopold, and the visit of Count Lesly his 
 ambassador. Ibid. p. 293. Latin. 1| pp. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 [1665,] Nov. 15-25. Ch. Ch. Oxford. The news from 
 Venice of the sore leg you have got in your journey gives 
 us great apprehensions, for we are sorry that you should 
 have to take physic before you reach Florence, " where wee 
 are sure the best and truest care will be taken of you. . . , 
 
 Wt. 29495. si 26
 
 402 
 
 Have a care of the chirugiens, least they be too buisy for their 
 own profit. ... I hope you will take care that wee may 
 hear weekly from you now ; for if one letter do not follow 
 another to inform us of your amendment, we shall passe the 
 time very ill here, being left to our own conjectures. When 
 you are in perfect health wee shall not bee so earnest. I 
 would not have you trouble your selfe at all about your 
 expenses, for you cannot exceed my desires, who would not 
 have you want anything of pleasure or conveniency, knowing 
 your temper so well as I do." I pray God send you safe to 
 Florence, and preserve you in all your ways. The whole 
 college salutes you, and your mother sends you her blessing. 
 I p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, Nov. 15. Aleppo. A long account of a meeting 
 of the Divan, which lasted many hours, and where the Consul 
 strove to resist the Emeen's unjust demands for customs &c. 
 and to procure restoration of cloth unduly detained by him. 
 Their affairs have suffered much by the sending to them an 
 " illiterate fellow " from Constantinople to arrange the business, 
 " who hath not common reason," and allows the Emeen to give 
 him orders. Eventually the affair was arranged and the cloth 
 given up to the factors. There is no doubt but that Abrim 
 Aga [the Emeen] will try to save himself from deserved 
 punishment, and do them what evil he can ; but they hope to 
 be preserved by his Excellency's wisdom and care, and that 
 their hattasheriffe will be renewed before Abrim gets to Con- 
 stantinople, whither he is now upon his way. 5 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE EAEL OF ARLINGTON. 
 
 1665, Nov. 24. The Marquis Durazzo is returning home. 
 The French Ambassador has been but coldly received, the 
 Turks remembering the French attempt at Gigeri and the 
 succour given to the Emperor. He was forced to land, as 
 it were incognito, and to walk on foot from the ship to his 
 house, and, upon notice given to the Vizier that the King 
 of France had sent a gentleman of quality with him, purposely 
 to give an account of his reception, it was replied that they 
 valued not the reports to France, and that if he liked not 
 his usage, he and his witness might return home again. 
 
 It is certain that the Turks grow more puffed up 
 every day, by reason of their advantageous peace with the 
 Emperor, and the addresses they receive from Christian princes, 
 but I maintain my master's honour, and my own ground. 
 Their last attempt has been to forbid us Scanderoon and 
 allot us Tripoli in Soria (a most inconvenient and dangerous 
 place) for our shipping, but I hope to prevent its success. 
 The German Ambassador departs in a few days, and my 
 secretary with him. Letter Book, ii, p. 296. 2 pp. [Original 
 in S.P. Turkey.]
 
 403 
 
 HENEAGE FINCH* to his brother [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 [1665,] Nov. 29. Oxford. Your letter from Florence puts ,A Q 
 an end to our doubts caused by that from Venice, " you being 
 now in such good hands as my Unckle and Dr. Baines. . . . 
 The other day almost wee wisht for nothing more then your 
 safe arrivall att your journeys end, and now againe with the 
 same alacrity and vigour we wish for your companye att home ; 
 ... I had good reason to testifie my sorrow, when I parted 
 from so deare a friend as you are to me. ... I have always 
 found so reall a benefitt by your company that now I cannot 
 but find a very sensible losse of it ; when I am now, till you 
 returne, no otherwise then the flye which in the winter lyes 
 as it were dead, only in expectation of the happy return of 
 summer. We are in hopes of a very great abatement of the 
 sicknesse this weeke, which truly causes much joy here." 
 Tom Spackman has married a wife with 1,80(M. Mr. Woodruffe 
 desires to be remembered and excused to you, " having no 
 longer time given then over night to preach on the morrow." 
 My service to my uncle and Dr. Baines. 1 p. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1665, Nov. 30. o.s. Oxford. " This is only to lett you 
 know that your most wellcome letters from Florence were 
 received, which hath putt you to the charge of a pacquet from 
 your brothers and sister, who cannot be silent in an houre of 
 so much joy as the news of your safe arrivall brought hither. 
 You are now where all your freinds wished you, who expect 
 from you such improvements of your time and other outward 
 accomplishments that if you fayl their expectations you will 
 discredit the greatest advantages and opportunitys of education 
 that ever gentleman had. All 3 r our former studyes were full 
 of payns and difficultys and the close pursuit of them might 
 impayr your health. Now all your employments tend to 
 health and exercise, and your cheifest study will be conversation 
 and to understand men. I have written to your uncle to -f 
 desire him to settle the rates you are to pay for living there, 
 which is absolutely necessary to bee done and of which he is 
 the truest judge, nor can I suffer you to live there at his charge. 
 I suppose you must give your servant board wages according 
 to the manner of Italy. When any occasion shall draw you 
 to see any other part of Italy, if Dr. Baines can bee prevayled ( 
 with to protect you with his company and advice in your 
 journy you are happy. But bee sure you beare the whole 
 charge, for tis more then enough if the Doctor give you the c 
 expence of so much time. I would fayn beleive you are well 
 and considering where you are I do not enquire much after it 
 because I am sure you will want nothing that art or freindship 
 can supply. But yet when I remember how troublesome 
 
 * Second son of the Solicitor-General. Afterwards Lord Guernsey and 
 Earl of Aylesford.
 
 404 
 
 the cure of your leg was, how nice your health is, what changes 
 of ayr and dyet you now undergoe, I cannot keep myself e 
 from some melancholy reflections, the rather because I do 
 not hear from you so often as your last letter promised. 
 However bee you chearfull and if you can use the dancing 
 master then you are well cur'd. Want nothing that I can 
 pay for and which can bee fitt to divert you And let me 
 hear of your proficiency in armes. God Almighty bless you 
 and be gracious unto you, and send you a happy return, to 
 the joy of your ever loving father." 1 p. 
 
 ELIZABETH, LADY PINCH, to her son, DANIEL FINCH. 
 
 1665, Nov. 30. Oxford. " Dear sonne, I was mighty glad 
 to receive your letter from Florence, because I was afrayd 
 *- of your taking physick at Venice, but now you are come to 
 ~ your uncle and Dr. Baines my mind is at rest, for I am sure 
 you will want nothing that they can help you to, and I hope 
 in God you will now recover your health for I hear you are 
 very melancholy and that makes mee beleive you are not well. 
 I pray remember mee to your uncle and Dr Banes with great 
 affection, and bee sure to watch yourself e that you do not 
 stoop, for it is neither handsome nor wholsome. I hope to 
 bee shortly at Kensington, for the sickness abates very much ; 
 there dyed last week but 652 of the plague, and this week but 
 300 ; but the worst is that it is still dispersed in every parish 
 a little, and God knows what it may come to agayn next 
 summer. I go next week to Ragly to visit my Lady Conway, 
 then I return hither and go to London if God please. Where 
 ever I am I shall not cease to pray for you that God would 
 blesse you, and make you a blessing to your father and to 
 your most affectionate mother." 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, Dec. 4. Aleppo. Has sent one of his lordship's 
 letters to Sir Geo. Oxenden at Surat and will send the other 
 by the next packet. If the Vizier " removes the scale from 
 Scanderoon to Tripoli " in defiance of the capitulations, they 
 will all have to leave Aleppo. Their present Emeen does 
 not conceal his ill-will to them, and gives the French also 
 daily trouble. 
 
 Dec. 8. A French bark has arrived whose captain tells 
 them that he came part way with a French man of war, in 
 which was their Ambassador, bound for Constantinople. 
 Letters from Antwerp state that Alderman Backwell had 
 been there with a considerable sum of money, sent by his 
 Majesty for the Bishop of Miinster, and the letters from England 
 say that Prince Rupert is intended for Miinster, to command 
 the Bishop's army. The King and Queen were in good health 
 at Oxford, and his Highness the Duke of York also ; where the 
 Parliament is appointed to meet.
 
 405 
 
 " By my letters of the 18th of September the plague was 
 decreased that weeke 560 odd, the next weeke after it decreased 
 1,800 and odd, and was hoped that the next weeke would be a 
 greater abatement. God in mercy restore our native country 
 to its perfect health." 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE EARL OF ARLINGTON. 
 
 1665, Dec. 5. Pera. On his reasons for sending Ricaut 
 to England. Letter Book, ii, p. 298. f p. [Original in 8.P. 
 Turkey.] 
 
 THE SAME to THE GUARDIAN OF THE HOLY LAND. 
 
 1665, Dec. 8. Pera. Stating that he has remitted the 
 difference concerning his Reverence's salary to arbitrators 
 chosen by both sides, and doubts not but that the Holy Land 
 will receive just satisfaction. Ibid. p. 298. Italian. p. 
 
 BISHOP AND DEPUTIES OF Scio to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, Dec. [13-]23. Scio. Again expressing then- gratitude 
 for his protection and affection, which they can requite only 
 with their prayers. Italian. | p. 
 
 H. HOWARD OF NORFOLK to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, Dec. 16-26. Chiourli. By the opportunity of the 
 Resident's return, I offer your lordship my most humble 
 thanks for all the honor and favour I have received from you, 
 and assure you, as to what you ask me touching Mr. Ricaut, 
 I will use my utmost endeavours to serve and assist him, 
 " who really .is a most worthy and intelligent person, and 
 one whoe is (as indeade he ought) a most zealous and faithfull 
 servant of your lordship's person and interests " ; which I 
 may do the better as I now positively resolve to pass 
 immediately from Brussels to England. 
 
 " I am sory my lady did nott cry out one day soener [sic], 
 that we might yett [have] had the honore of enjoying both 
 your Excellencies companies a little longer, which I assure 
 your lordship has ben the onely regalo and hapinesse I have 
 mett with since I first saw Turkey. . . . All our company 
 give your lordship and my lady joy for this addition to your 
 famely, wishing this yong sprout of soe worthy parents may 
 ever grow up in imitating his parents vertues in the servise 
 of his Majesty and all other honorable acts which your lordship 
 has sett him soe noble a pattron in." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 JOSEPH EDWARDS to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, Dec. 18. Smyrna. Expressing his pleasure that 
 their taking the oath has " remitted " himself and his partners 
 to his Excellency's favour, and thanking him for his friend- 
 ship to the factory, and " for impartially putting the sadle
 
 406 
 
 on the right horses back," without placing to their charge 
 what belongs to the Company. Recommends the bearer, 
 Signer Valentino Berti, and sends " a small silver sapett " 
 for the countess's acceptance. 1J pp. 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665, Dec. 26. Smyrna. I send two packets brought by 
 the Robert, who "touching at Paris in the Arches," there 
 received them from the Dolphin. They are said to be of 
 importance, and the commanders had orders to fling them 
 overboard, if they met any that would search them. 
 
 The commander of the Robert has redeemed an Armenian 
 for 200 dollars, who was sold by a Sattee laden with cornj in 
 the Arches. "I hope the service of this commander will bee 
 an evidence of the faithfulnes of the English to the Grand 
 Signor, and may bee so pleaded when occasion serves." 
 
 I have only further " to wish your Excellencie a merry 
 Christmas and a prosperous New Year." 1| pp. Seal. 
 
 ARNOLD WHITE and ARTHUR BARNARDISTON to THE SAME. 
 
 1665, Dec. 29. Smyrna. Praying his Excellency's 
 acceptance of two butts of red Smyrna wine ; and stating 
 that the Persian lamb-skins " are come by a late carravann 
 after three yeares expectation." and will be sent to Judge 
 Twisden (by the Sampson) as his Excellency desires. 
 
 " Tis believed this following summer the proude Fleming 
 must yeild to his gracious Majestic, and France will not want 
 enimies for assisting them. The contagious disease in London 
 was, God be praised, ceased (sic) to 1,300, and the cold weather 
 setting in, twas hoped would have a full stopp. . . . Tis 
 doubtfull whether France will declare against England, but 
 if they doe, the squadron coming from England will be able 
 to deale with them. ..." 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 1665-6, Jan. 3. Pera. The French Ambassador with 
 more than ordinary pomp, accompanied with 30 persons on 
 horseback and several gentlemen of quality, went to his 
 audience with the Grand Vizier last Friday. The Vizier 
 did not rise to receive him, whereupon the ambassador, in 
 a very loud voice, commanded his druggerman to tell the 
 Vizier " that he esteemed the first audience but a visit and 
 no audience, since he was received so coldly, and not with 
 that honour and respect which was due to the Padishah 
 (or Emperor) of France ; and demanded in the name of 
 his Master that more honour should be showed him." 
 The Vizier ordered the druggerman once more to repeat the 
 words, and thereupon said with great choler : " Do not I 
 know you, that you are a Ghiaur (which is Infidell), that 
 you are a hogge, a dogge, a turde [dung] eater." Upon this, the
 
 407 
 
 ambassador called those about him to witness that he had 
 done what his Master had commanded him, and saying 
 "let us go, we have no more to do here," threw his 
 " capitulations " in its case over his shoulder, and it hit 
 the Vizier in the breast, whereupon the latter called 
 out for him to be seized and struck. He received many 
 blows, and was finally carried to a " bad, low chamber under 
 the stairs," where he remained for four days, and whence 
 he was only freed by Winchilsea's intercession. The Vizier 
 at first resolved to cut off his head, and afterwards, intended 
 to shut him in the Seven Towers or else send him home, but 
 again Winchilsea intervened, and he is now at his own house. 
 " Whether his most Christian Majesty will quarrell with any 
 but Christians," remains to be seen. Letter Book, ii, p. 300. 
 2 pp. [A copy of this narrative is in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THOMAS DEATH and EPHEAIM 
 
 SKINNER. 
 
 1665-6, Jan. 11-21. Pera. Thanking them for their 
 care and " correspondency," which he prays them to continue. 
 Sometimes pictures, statues and medals are to be had at 
 reasonable rates in Florence and Rome, which was why he 
 desired them to give Sir John Finch credit, that he might 
 not lose a good occasion. If he be provided before he returns 
 into England, it will be time enough. 
 
 Has some thoughts, as he returns home, of staying a little 
 time in Italy, especially if he may have the liberty Sir Thos. 
 Bendysh had, to make no quarantine. When his secretary 
 returns, he will ask them for their best information " against 
 that happy hour," but until they hear from himself or 
 Sir John Finch, they are to believe no reports as to the time 
 of his departing. Ibid. p. 301. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE EARL OF ARLINGTON. 
 
 1665-6, Jan. 15-25. Pera. Thanks him for the great 
 obligations received from him, and especially for his assurances 
 that the King will chastise Love for his insolence. The French 
 Ambassador pretends to have received full satisfaction since 
 his audience, and a promise that all his demands will be granted. 
 A Holland Resident is expected, and probably he and the 
 French Ambassador may work together against England, 
 therefore it is a question, if they accompany the Court, 
 whether England also should not have her representative 
 there. The Grand Signer is going to Adrianople, and the 
 Vizier with the army into Morea, to be transported into 
 Candia. Ibid. p. 302. 1 p. [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 1665-6, Jan. 15-25. Aleppo. The reverend Mr. Frampton 
 arrived on the 7th instant, in good health, and at a court
 
 408 
 
 (called to hear your Excellency's letters) lie gave a relation 
 of what concerned our affairs ; how that the Vizier promised 
 that " our late troublesome Emeen should never be in a capacity 
 to do us any further wrong." Upon this, we were in hopes 
 that all things would rest as before, but now letters from 
 Constantinople report " for certain " that the scale of Scan- 
 deroon is removed to Tripoli, " which is only a trick to their 
 further evill designes, and hath much troubled the factory. 
 . . . We verily believe that the Grand Signor never intends to 
 remove the scale, it being contrary to his oath to impose 
 anything upon us without our consents, but that these are 
 practises of bad ministers . . . and we hope it will be prevented 
 by your Excellencies wisdome." But these very reports will 
 discourage the principals in England, and hinder shipping 
 from coming to Scanderoon. 
 
 Letters to the French here, advise that the war between 
 England and France was proclaimed in France on Dec. 11, 
 and that orders were come to Toulouse and Marseilles to seize 
 whatever belonged to our King's subjects and to set out 
 what ships were there. 
 
 I have seen a letter from London to the 27th Oct., " by 
 which they advise that, God be thanked, there dyed that 
 weeke in London and surburbs of all diseases but 1,800 and 
 odd, and twas hoped, the cold weather coming on, it would 
 daily abate, which God grant." 1| pp. 
 
 M. BARON, French Consul, to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666, Jan. [16-J26. Aleppo. Thanking him for his letter 
 sent by Mr. Frampton and regretting that he has no European 
 news to send him. The Bashas assembled at Bagdad have 
 resolved to attack Bassora, where there has already been 
 " quelque legere escaramouche." The Arab prince has ships 
 ready to go to the Indies if he gets the worst of it. The 
 King of Persia is arming powerfully for the coast of Candahar 
 (as is believed), and the Grand Mogul is believed to be going 
 thither with a considerable army. 
 
 Col. Detti has gone towards the Indies. He was not too well 
 received at the Court of Persia, and the story goes that the 
 prince would not see him. The English are fortifying Bom- 
 bain, which the Portuguese gave up to them a year ago, but 
 it is believed the Dutch will not let them establish themselves 
 there quietly. French. 3 pp. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1665-6, Jan. 26 Feb. 5. Kensington. I have nothing to 
 fill a letter with but that which is as old as yourself, my good 
 wishes for your health and improvement, but you are like to 
 have a packet from your mother, brothers and sister, which 
 will give you entertainment enough this week.
 
 409 
 
 " I would commend to your perusall the Letters of Cardinal 
 D'Ossat ; they were first written in French, and are translated 
 into Italian ; and to you, who have read D'Avila, they will 
 be very intelligible. They will perfect you in both languages 
 if you buy both, and in the knowledge of the French history. 
 They will give you an excellent insight into the secrets of 
 all the States of Italy where he was a publique agent, par- 
 ticularly Florence, Venice and the Court of Rome. There is 
 nothing of elegance in them, but great exactness of judgment 
 and understanding ; I, and of good manners too. My Lord 
 Conway gave me this book at Ragly, and it hath given me 
 great pleasure in reading it. I have found some poynts of 
 law in it very usefull." 
 
 Postscript. " Your tutor is certainly marryed, and will not 
 long conceal it. He is taking the parsonage of St. Hellens 
 in London, where his wife's friends live. He comes into 
 it by the interest of Alderman Langam and the presbyterians. 
 I have recommended him to the Bishop of London, whose 
 favor he will be sure to find. I had also recommended him 
 to my Lord of Canterbury, whose promise he had to take 
 care of him, but will not stay for it. He laments much that 
 merit without interest is not preferred. I doubt he doth 
 overvalue his own merits and expect his rewards too soon. His 
 leaving of the University and having his thoughts absent 
 from it when he is there, will putt me upon new counsells 
 for your brothers. I think to have logick and philosophy read 
 to them at home, till I can write to Mr. Dean [i.e. Dr. Fell] 
 for another tutor, and will venture upon Mr. Hooper if he 
 advise mee." 1 p. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to SIR ROGER TWYSDEN. 
 
 1665[-6], Jan. 31. Kensington. A dissertation, in the form 
 of a letter, on "The Case of Forfeiture for Treason before 
 the Conquest," upholding the view that the laws of treason 
 were no milder then than now, and that the lands of traitors 
 were forfeit to the Crown. Quotes Alured, Grotius, "Mirror 
 of Justices," Statutes of Maryborough," &c. Copy. 16 pp. 
 
 Also : 
 
 Sir Roger Twysden's reply to the above letter, dated 
 at East Peckham, Dec. 24, 1666, and apologising for not 
 earlier answering it (which he has bound up as one of the 
 greatest treasures he has) by reason of the large amount of 
 the King's and country's business he has had on his hands. 
 Quotes Dialogue of the Exchequer, Red Book of the Exchequer, 
 Alured, Ingulphus, Bracton, Mat hew Paris, Voyage d'Espagne, 
 Florence of Worcester, Polydore Virgil, Hall, Holinshed, Hist, 
 du Card. d'Ossat, Guicciardini &c. &c. Holograph. 20 pp. 
 
 H. HOWARD OF NORFOLK to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 1666, Feb. [1] 11. Bellegrade. " ... I am extreame 
 glad of your Excellencies safe recovery, nott doubting butt
 
 410 
 
 this little distemper will be a caution and prevention agaynst 
 any future siknesse yett these forty yeares at least. We 
 heare such variety of newse from Christendome as that I, 
 who am to dance by that pipe, am dayly more and more 
 oncertayne what coast to steare for, but whearesoever my 
 fate leades me, your Excellency shall ever have an account 
 of it." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to PAUL RICAUT. 
 
 1665-6, Feb. 2. Pera. Thinks it may be better for him 
 to come back by land (if, as is said, " we have war with 
 France "). If he cannot conveniently bring all the things 
 he is to buy, he may leave all save the ribbands, gloves and 
 stockings. " Reverend Mr. Frampton " is gone for England 
 upon the desire of the Aleppo factory. If he were sent back 
 hither post, by way of Vienna, he could bring his Majesty's 
 and the Company's orders, and Ricaut could follow at his 
 more leisure. Letter Book, ii, p. 303. | p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665-6, Feb. 3. Aleppo. We hear from Bassora that the 
 Grand Signer's forces have slain about 800 of the Bassa's 
 men, and forced the rest to retreat into the city. 
 
 Mr. Frampton took his passage upon a French ship bound 
 for Leghorne on the 29th past, but promised, after three 
 months stay in England, to return to us at Aleppo. On 
 the same ship went Don Antonio de Lema, who brought 
 letters from Bombaim. mentioning him to be " the most 
 considerable person for estate of all the Portu galls in the 
 Oriental parts. He intends for England, to kisse their Majesties 
 hands." 
 
 The Dutch Consul is returned for Christendom, their trade 
 not being sufficient in these parts to maintain him. The 
 French Consul is to protect their nation. 
 
 " The Jewes in these parts are likely, to be brought into 
 great trouble about a prophet of theirs, which they give out 
 is at Gaza. Severall of the chief e are already in custody." 
 Our present Emeen gives no interruption to any of our goods 
 unladen at Scanderoon, so we hope the pretence of moving 
 the scale to Tripoli is over, but we pray you to make us at a 
 certainty, lest they may be hiding their intentions, to give us 
 both trouble and charge. 1|- pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE PRINCE OF MOLDAVIA. 
 
 1665-6, Feb. 8-18. Pera. Congratulating him on being 
 chosen Prince, and recommending Mr. Sampson [M'C], a Scots 
 merchant in Poland, who will certainly be willing to help his 
 Excellency in any way that he can. Ibid, ii, p. 304. 
 Italian. % p.
 
 411 
 
 JOHN JOLLIFE to THE EARL OF WlNCHILSEA. 
 
 1665[-6], Feb. 12. London. Most humbly agrees with 
 his lordship that the Levant Company have been well dealt 
 with, but the particular whereof they complained was that 
 they could not have their money disbursed upon State affairs, 
 " it not being the manner in England for private persons or 
 companies to bee called upon, or any for them, to disburse 
 their money without their consent." This they insisted upon 
 to the Council and at length had a promise from Lord Arlington 
 that they should no more be troubled in the like kind, so what 
 is past will be buried. 
 
 " For the businesse of Broadgate, all agree it is well hee is 
 come hence, and a better in his roome, and they alsoe must 
 accorde with your lordship that the Company are not judges 
 of the lawes of Conformity and give mee leave to doubt, from 
 the opinion of good councill, that his Majesties publique 
 Ministers abroad (your lordship excepted)* are not legally 
 founded in jurisdiction in that point. 1. Because thej 7 finde 
 these laws are by his Majesty limited to England," while in his 
 Majesty's other dominions " dissenters from our church have 
 an open and avowed liberty, both in opinion and practice, 
 and such as desire it may have that liberty by his Majesty's 
 royall charter confirmed to them for their future enjoyment. 
 21y, there is many recusants (and nonconformists)* in all Princes' 
 dominions, but I never found that his Majesty's ambassadors 
 or agents did meddle with any of them. But it must alsoe be 
 yielded (to you)* that the Company ought to be very carefull 
 they countenance not any such thing, and when they know 
 it, they may discharge the person from their employment, 
 which will bring him home with lesse odium and clamor." 
 
 As for avanias, till the times of Sir Sackville Crow and Sir 
 Thomas Bendysh the Company knew little what it is was to 
 be charged with them for anything which befell the factors 
 in Turkey ; and even in their evil times, Mr. Buckworth, 
 Mr. Godfrey &c. paid great sums merely because their servants 
 (who were the Grand Signer's subjects) had packed a little 
 silk in their masters' bags of goat-wool, without their know- 
 ledge. " They had wrong, but it was a personall wrong, 
 and not to bee borne by others ; and there lyes not any other 
 obligation on the rest of the Company to beare it then if a 
 misfortune or wrong befell the person of any man in England, 
 the rest of the parish have to make a purse and beare it ... 
 For the businesse of Stanton and Bishop, if any man trust a 
 factor that intreagues his estate, he must beare it, and trust 
 none but such as can give good security." 
 
 I must beg pardon for my prolixity, praying you to excuse 
 it as the fruit of my zeal for your lordship's honour. I shall 
 not fail to take the direction of Mr. Solicitor in serving you 
 to the uttermost of my power. 
 
 * The words in brackets are in a copy only.
 
 412 
 
 " Wee are now fallen into an open warre with the French 
 as well as the Dutch, but I finde not that any man can give 
 a reason for the King of France's Declaration except hee 
 intends an invasion, for hee might have given the Dutch his 
 articled assistance, and yet have kept a kinde of peace and 
 commerce on foot. Advices from Holland say hee intends 
 to land 12,000 men at Barbadoes, or some of the plantations ; 
 others feare the old game of Scottland." 2 pp. 
 
 Also, Copy of the same prefixed to letter of March 12, below. 
 
 ALDERMAN JOHN LANGLEY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665[-6], Feb. 16. London. Received his Excellency's 
 letter of Aug. 5 some months since, but " the hand of God 
 upon this city " having scattered the members of the Company 
 "he has been unable to be serviceable to him." Though the 
 Company's letters to his Excellency are not in all things 
 what he could wish, he prays him to take all in good part, 
 remembering that "as in a corporation ther be many men, 
 soe many mindes." 
 
 His son, Richard Langley, is chosen to be treasurer at 
 Smyrna, where his Excellency's kindness and advice may be 
 of great advantage to him, and will be esteemed a singular 
 favour. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1665-6, Feb. 20 March 2. Pera. I am sending this to 
 Earl Leslie to forward ; whether it will be fresh or stale when 
 you get it depends upon his opportunities. 
 
 The preparations against Candia are very great ; all Christian 
 ships are seized and those which were laden are unladen to 
 carry over men and ammunition. "The Grand Signer hath 
 sent out officers to take the tribute in Greece of Christian 
 children, which hath been disaccustomed this thirty yeares, 
 but now beginne againe for want of soldiers and for some 
 other reasons of state." 
 
 However much they dissemble it, the Turks in general and 
 most of their principal men are great enemies to the French, 
 and before long some great misfortune may fall upon their 
 merchants here. " They have cryed downe the French five 
 sol peices here so low that they will loose by bringing of 
 mony hither, and goods their country affords none of moment, 
 therefore their trade is lost." 
 
 If the State of Genoa settles a trade here, it will certainly 
 do us no good, but " let it happen how it will, I am not to 
 blame," for I have never had any answer from Lord Arlington 
 to my suggestions that I ought to be with the Court to watch 
 our interests ; the Company's maxim is to spend no money 
 to prevent danger ; arid the merchants here do not believe 
 that Genoa will prejudice their trade. Letter Book, ii, p. 304. 
 1| pp.
 
 413 
 
 THE EARL OF WENCHILSEA to PAUL RICAUT. 
 
 1665-6, Feb. 20. Pera. I should be glad if you could see 
 my cousin Finch in Italy on your way back, but you only can 
 judge what is best. Besides the things I mentioned, I would 
 have you bring a little tea. The silver plate you may leave, 
 and bring but one suit of clothes for me with the linen, as my 
 stay here is not likely to be long. I incline, if I must return 
 speedily, to pass through Poland, but if I have more leisure, to 
 go either in a man-of-war or by way of Ragusa into Italy, 
 there stay some months, and so home. Some Persian lamb 
 skins are sent to you for Justice Twisden, which you will 
 take care to present to him from me. " The French temins 
 are to passe ere long but for eight aspers, so that their trade 
 here will be lost." All those of quality here are much incensed 
 against them, and intend them mischief, " and as a taste of 
 their kindness " they have forced two French ships entirely to 
 unload, and carry men for Candia. 
 
 There is a prospect of war next summer with the Tartar Han. 
 *' The Basha of Balsora was betrayed, the city taken, and he 
 fled into India." The fortifications at Bombain go on, and 
 ours there prepare to defend themselves (and as I hear) the 
 Hollanders to set upon them, but, if Monsieur Baron is to 
 be believed, ours do not fear the loss of it. Letter Book, ii, 
 p. 306. 1 pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1665-6, Feb. 20. Aleppo. It is said that the Chiau of the 
 late Emeen has taken the Emeenship for the next year. 
 He is a very dangerous person, and the cause of all the 
 trouble that Abrim Aga gave the English. 
 
 Advices from Trappany say that the Duke of Beaufort 
 with five ships has been there and is now plying, as is supposed, 
 between Tunis and Malta, waiting for the English general 
 ships from Smyrna. It is hoped they will not leave without 
 a convoy. Commander Paulo has taken two English prizes 
 in to Toulon. " Besides the General MercJiant sunk, and 
 three ships taken bound for Tunis, the French have since 
 taken the Advice and Bilboa Merchant, bound home with 
 currants. The captaines immediately left their ships on 
 command of two French ships which gave them chase, by 
 which meanes the French got possession, and dispersed the 
 English mariners amongst their fleet . . . From Holland its 
 advised the French are obliged to assist them with 40 ships 
 about our channel and twenty in these seas, and that they 
 have concluded a league together, offensive and defensive. 
 Its reported that we have twenty-five frigatts coining into 
 these seas, and hope it will be speedily." 2 pp. 
 
 JOHN JOLLIFE to THE SAME. 
 
 1665-6, March 12. London. In your last, you allege a 
 sum of 4,000/. per annum to be paid to Queen Elizabeth ; but
 
 414 
 
 there is no such reservation in any of our charters, and " if 
 there were, it had been little to the purpose ; those charters 
 beeing to ten or twelve men, who had the sole trade of Turky 
 and India in joynt stocke ; ours to the whole nation, soe 
 many as please to come in, and every one in a distinct 
 interest. 
 
 " Besides, the farmeing of a forraine trade is soe much against 
 law, that it would be a ruine to those that venture upon it. 
 His Majesties care is to enlarge the trade, and therein his 
 custome and revenew, and that is found more advantage then 
 to restrayne it by a farme." You say also that his Majesty 
 hath granted the Company consulage, that the factors pay it, 
 and that therefore protection is due to them. His Majesty 
 has been pleased to give the Company liberty to raise a con- 
 sulage upon themselves to defray their public charge ; but 
 the Crown never claimed a consulage in any part of the world, 
 and such as got grants to be consuls at his Majesty's coming 
 home are entirely left to such allowance as the merchants 
 please to make them. 
 
 Postscript. Sir Jeremy Smith is come down to Gales, and 
 in regard of the French we are at a loss how to get our Smyrna 
 ships home. His Majesty has promised us a convoy in Septem- 
 ber, so next winter you may expect a shipping for Smyrna and 
 Constantinople. 1 p. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1666, March 23 April 2. By your letters from Venice 1 
 
 should conclude you in good health, but your Uncle's makes 
 
 me apprehensive of an infirmity to which I never knew you 
 
 subject. Your mother waits in great impatience till this point 
 
 be cleared in your own hand. 
 
 " I have given Mr. Woodruff leave to choose his successor, 
 which he makes no hast to do, yet cannot stay a weeke 
 together at Oxford. In the mean time, I take payns to help 
 him to his living at London, and to preferr him out of the way, 
 that so wee may part civilly. ... If you read Cardinal D'Ossat 
 in Italian and observe his maximes, the French will not bee 
 worth the buying, though it bee the originall ; for the language 
 is obsolete. Your mother and I pray daily for you and long 
 to see you. ..." 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666, March 29. Aleppo. The Robert has left Scanderoon 
 for England. According to his Excellency's warrant, the 
 factor marine made protest against his departing without 
 convoy, which protest and the captain's answer are enclosed. 
 
 The French here have letters from Marseilles stating "that 
 at Paris the warr was proclaimed against England in January ; 
 that the King of France had demanded of the severall em- 
 bassadors at his Court whether their masters would take his
 
 415 
 
 part. . . . The embassador for Spaine, as also for the Pope, 
 desired twenty dales respect before they could give their 
 answeres. The Swedish embassador replyed, if the French 
 King made warr against Germany, his master would doe 
 the like, but not against England. The Dean [i.e. Dane] 
 declared that the French King's enemies were theirs, as also 
 Savoy." There is no news from India, as the war of the 
 Grand Signer against Bassora hinders the messengers from 
 passing. 1 p. 
 
 Enclosing. The protest and answer above mentioned. The 
 captain states that having the letter of his " freighter and 
 owner," Mr. Nightingale, and finding that the Levant Com- 
 pany's convoy comes no lower than Messina, he " ploys his 
 voyage " thither to join it. 
 
 SIB HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1666, April 13-23. Good Friday. " Before this reach you, 
 I presume you will be at your journeys end, and returned to 
 Florence. . . . 
 
 " If Dr. Busby intend to leave Westminster school, as I 
 hear and hope, I will labour what I can to establish Mr. Wood- 
 ruff for his successor. Dr. Betts hath long been a concealed 
 Catholique, and presently after he was marryed converted his 
 wife, who breeds up all her children so, and is become a great 
 bigod. This is an inexpressible greife to her mother and all 
 her freinds ; it was but lately known to us, and now your 
 mother, who was godmother to two of the children, hath a 
 scruple of conscience how she shall discharge herself e. I 
 think if it had not been for my irregular name, I should have 
 been involved in the same case. But I wonder how the 
 Doctor absolves himselfe for suffring his child to be heretically 
 baptiz'd, and to take two such hereticall gossips as my brother 
 Dering and my wife. Surely it was more for dissimulations sake 
 then for lucre, but absolutions in that church' are very cheap 
 and easy." Next Wednesday your Uncle Harvey goes to 
 sea. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF NORTHUMBERLAND to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 1666, May 3. London. Your letter shows me that I 
 remain in your memory, and your secretary tells me of your 
 good health, of which I hearily wish the continuance. " An 
 old decayed and unactive body, and one that is so much a 
 strainger att court as I am, can have little hopes of being 
 usefull to your lordship," yet I shall, if any occasion offers, 
 be very ready to prove that I retain my old inclinations to 
 serve you. Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1666, May 3. Aleppo. The Virgin has arrived at Scan- 
 deroon, having brought provisions to Tangier. The captain 
 writes that our two general ships, with the Malaga fleet, were
 
 416 
 
 convoyed out of the Straits by some of Sir Jeremy Smith's 
 squadron, and in the bay of Biscay met with some ships that 
 are to guard the channel, in whose company they left them, 
 so it is hoped they have arrived [at home] safely. In his 
 passage from Tangier, the captain saw not one sail at sea. 
 Letters from London, up to Feb. 1, say not a word of the 
 plague, so it is to be hoped " God in mercy hath restored 
 England to perfect health." 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666, May 16. Aleppo. " These are intended [to go] by 
 our old Shabender, Mustapha Chebbee, who did us good 
 offices when he was Mussalem, in getting discharges from 
 Abrim Aga, our late troublesome Emeen. He is a person 
 very powerfull in these parts, and a man of great abilities, 
 who hath of late kept a very good correspondence with myselfe 
 and factory, and is desirous to continue the same." He has 
 asked me to give him a letter to your lordship, and I entreat 
 you to receive him kindly. 
 
 Mr. Frampton arrived at Leghorn the 25th of March. 
 Mr. Henry Howard was then at Rome. The Baron Benbo has 
 been at Jerusalem, and intends to come to Aleppo with the 
 caravan of Christians, which may be in eight days. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1666, May 20. Belgrade [near Constantinople]. The great 
 pieparations here against Tartary are likely to be all converted 
 against the Venetians, for "after all the probabilities of a civil 
 warre here betweene the Grand Signor and the Tartares, the 
 conclusion is that the old King layes downe his crowne to the 
 new one, though all the commanders and officers of his king- 
 dome offered to stand by him." The son of the old King is 
 gone to the Grand Signor to pray him to " make another 
 King to content the people, and to endeavour it for himself." 
 The Prince of Balsora has likewise submitted and made peace, 
 on condition of resigning his dignity to his son, who is to be 
 created Basha of his territories. They are of great importance, 
 "being the scale of Babilon and the river Euphrates, and a 
 good port at the mouth of Sinus Persianus for the trade of 
 the Indies. 
 
 " I have had good successe in making a Prince of Moldavia 
 who is my friend. . . . The Grand Signor and the Vizier 
 have done him more honour than was usuall, and sent for my 
 druggerman, Signor Draperiis, to be present at the ceremony 
 at Adrianoplc. . . . The creating of this Prince hath gained 
 no small honour in these parts to his Majesty, and hath damped 
 the courage of our enemies." 
 
 All letters out of Germany are seized by the Vizier's orders, 
 so that mine with the rest are lost. The French Ambassador 
 is going to Adrianople, and the Hollanders expect a Resident,
 
 417 
 
 who must be well watched, especially during our war with 
 them. The Vizier has commanded all the original books and 
 registers of our capitulations (and of all other nations) to be 
 sent to Adrianople, so that now, for every slight matter, I 
 must either go or send, if the Company think their trade worth 
 protecting. 
 
 My wife and I both present our service to Dr. Baines. 
 " Since my secretary's being at Belgrade, I have not heard 
 from him." Pray tell him I doubt all his letters are inter- 
 cepted. Letter Book, ii, p. 308. 2 pp. 
 
 Also, A letter to Lord Arlington, of the same date, and on 
 the same subjects. Warns him that if the French and Dutch 
 have representatives at Adrianople, while the English have 
 not, grave harm will ensue, for though the French are now 
 out of favour, if the Ambassador is there, and will spend 
 money enough, in time he will obtain all he desires. Ibid, 
 p. 310. 3 pp. [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 CONSUL CAVE to THE EAEL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666, May 25. Smyrna. I have received these packets 
 from Leghorn, and send a mess on purpose with them. "I 
 have also received a letter of the 15th Feb. from the Levant 
 Company, wherein they sent their order for a new treasurer, 
 Mr. Richard Langley, to whome I have publiquely given the 
 oath. His conditions with the Company are the same 
 Mr. Mowsse's were. . . . 
 
 " In their letter to mee they sticke somewhat in the busines 
 of Mr. Weyniouth Carew, but in conclusion say, since hee is 
 dead, wee must pass it over, givinge strict order that it bee 
 not made a president to make the Company lyable either to 
 answere the extravagances or the unadversiments (sic) of 
 particular persons." 
 
 They have been pleased to give orders to the treasurer to 
 pay me 1,400 dollars for two years' gratuity ; but "have 
 ordered him likewise to deduct what is charged to their account 
 for making my payments in weighty money ; which, if they 
 continue in that sense, it will bee a guift with the right hand, 
 taken away with the left." I have received a letter from 
 Mr. Love, accusing me of sending you a false transcript of 
 his letter, " with such clauses as might incense you against 
 him ; the originall hee denyes not, for hee will maintaine it 
 to a title." He tells me he has sent you a copy of the letter,* 
 in which case the truth will evidently appear, " the letter I 
 sent you being under his owne handwriting, which I shall 
 not goe behind the dore to denye." If you will give me a 
 hint what he writes to you, it will the better enable me to 
 return an answer. " I shall not denye a tittle what I have 
 done, for truth is truth, and will be uppermost, though I 
 would not follow it too neere the heeles." 
 
 * See p. 357 above. 
 Wt. 29495. FI 27
 
 418 
 
 " For newes I have none, . . . onely the Sweedes and wee 
 are in a strict allyance, and that Sir John Mins hath convoyed 
 a rich fleete from Hamborough in sight of the Dutch, who 
 durst not meddle with him. The French seeme inclinable 
 to a peace, but would have it att the motion of our King, who 
 denyes itt." 2| pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1666, May 28. Belgrade. I have received advice out of 
 Italy (whether true or false I know not) that his Majesty has 
 confirmed my stay here three years longer. It is a great 
 honour, yet it doth a little trouble me to remain so long in this 
 barbarous country. I have spent some thousands of pounds 
 here, which I could have saved honestly, out of my own purse, 
 for his Majesty's honour and the Company's interest. Last 
 year the German ambassador's being here and other 
 accidents cost me 1,000?. extraordinary, and now, 
 as the Grand Signer has lowered the value of money, 
 and things here have grown dearer, the Company are 
 bound in honour to do more for me. If not (as else I 
 should lose money) I shall strike off some of my expenses, 
 and then they will find that as I fall in reputation, their interest 
 will decay. " This is an infallible maxime : That any ambassa- 
 dor that is not an honest man (if that he be not a foole) may 
 deceive the Company in great matters, and all the witt they 
 have, and theire factours, will never be able either to find it 
 out or to prevent it ; so that their strict orders only hinders 
 an honest man from doing them good, and provokes a knave 
 to do them the greater mischief e. ..." Never ambassador 
 of any nation but allowed the druggermen their protection 
 for to distinguish them from Greekes or Jewes ; but if the 
 Company will not theirs, none will serve them. And this 
 four dollars for yallow shoos, though it be inconsiderable, yet 
 the Venetians, French, nay, the Patriarch himself and the 
 poor Raguseans allowed all the charge for theirs, since it is 
 a part of their priviledges, and either makes them respected or 
 subject to the scorne of the boyes in the street." 
 
 The Company pay, not for shoes, but for the maintenance 
 of their capitulations, in which the druggermen have the 
 privilege of wearing certain clothes. It is inserted in their 
 barrats (i.e. patents of privileges), and is a canon as ancient 
 as the capitulations. 
 
 My wife entreats your lady to send her a waiting gentle- 
 woman and a chambermaid, " the latter, one that can work 
 in plain work. What wages you agree with them for, they 
 shall have and so for their passage." Letter Book, ii, p. 313. 
 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1666, May 30. Belgrade. Introducing the bearer, Mr. 
 Vincentio Marchio, a person of honour and of a good family
 
 419 
 
 in Luca, a very wise and worthy man and well informed in the 
 late wars in Hungary (where he served as a captain) and 
 Winchilsea's particular friend. Letter Book, ii, p. 315. \ p. 
 
 J. POWNOLL to THE EARL OF WlNCHILSEA. 
 
 1666, June 2. Moate. Sends a list of the militia [of co. 
 Kent], as it stands now charged, but has found their appearance 
 upon muster very short, for want of punishing the defaulters, 
 which will never be fully executed until his lordship returns. 
 Has lately been to East well, where he found Mr. Heneage and 
 Mr. Thomas in good health, and the park so well ordered 
 and stocked with deer, as he believes there is no ground hi 
 England of that circuit more fair. The red deer have made 
 great spoil in the young woods and walks, but he hears they 
 are to be disposed of this summer. The fine trees do bravely 
 shoot up and flourish ; emblems, he hopes, of his lordship and 
 his family. Is now at his lordship's house of Moate, where 
 he hopes to do good service. 1| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to CAPTAIN HULSE. 
 
 1666, June 8. Belgrade. A long letter, giving detailed 
 directions for the planting of trees on the Yorkshire estate. 
 Thinks that a good place for a nursery would be " the orchard 
 next the Abbey, within the wall." Desires that his kitchen 
 garden be so kept as may afford him " a sallet, some pot herbs 
 and roots &c." when he shall return, and meanwhile the profits 
 are to go towards the gardener's wages. Letter Book, ii, p. 315. 
 2pp. 
 
 M. BARON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666, June [8-] 18. Aleppo. Col. Deti writes from Ispahan 
 that he has taken part with your " Messieurs des Indes " 
 and hopes to be able to work to the satisfaction of the Com- 
 panj\ It is to be hoped that he may find a little more happiness 
 in the East than he has had in the West. French. 2 pp. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MORICE to THE SAME. 
 
 1666, June 9. Mr. Ricaut, your secretary, has brought me 
 the honour of your Excellency's letters, the first I have had 
 for about a year. 
 
 " The enclosed [wanting] will render an account unto you 
 of the occurrences heere which are now most signal ; we are 
 advertised that the Dutch have lost twenty ships and the 
 truth is we have had halfe that number taken, sunke and 
 burnt, twenty-five captains killed, among them Sir Christofer 
 Minnes, and we have now assurance since the inclosed was 
 written that the Siviftsure with Sir William Barkly is brought 
 into Flushinge (the first flagge ship that I thinke was ever 
 taken from our nation) but he was a younge gentleman that 
 commanded it. We are in dayly expectation of the motion
 
 420 
 
 of the French fleete, but if our intelligences rightly informe 
 us they looke toward Ireland. We are engaged with potent 
 enemyes and I hope we shall exert our utmost powers to 
 withstand them. Holograph, f p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666, June 9. Aleppo. Our Bassa having returned from 
 the wars at Bassora, " no sooner was come but began to find 
 out waies to make pretences upon the inhabitants of this 
 place. Amongst the Francks, he began with the French 
 first, and eate from them to the import of 600 dollars." The 
 next day he seized upon a merchant stranger who is under my 
 protection, pretending he was a Venetian, though I have 
 declared and offered to make oath that he is of Flanders. All 
 my efforts for his release have been in vain. The Caddee is 
 a very ancient man, wholly at the Bassa's devotion, whose 
 chief man says that the Bassa is a Vizier with full powers, 
 and that if he says the merchant is a Venetian, " none durst 
 give writings to the contrary." 
 
 " I mention these particulars the rather that your Excellency 
 may take notice what miserable times we live in here, when 
 those that should doe us justice are the chief e that doe us 
 unjustice, . . . and slight all commands, though never so 
 plaine. The command your Excellencie sent me. I have caused 
 it to be showne to Bassa, Chiau and Caddee, and although it be 
 full to the purpose to defend this honest man," they take 
 no more notice than if it no ways concerned them." 
 
 We pray you to procure an effectual command to the Bassa 
 to release this merchant, Francisco Vandendriesche, and 
 that it be so worded as that no other bad ministers hereafter 
 may dare to disturb him. He is a very honest and worthy man, 
 and it would be an exceeding blemish and dishonour to our 
 nation, that he having lived here for seven years under the 
 protection of the Dutch and French, should now " being under 
 the English banner," be forced to comply with their unjust 
 pretences, and perhaps to leave the country. Also it will be 
 a precedent to every Bassa to do the like, " who may as well 
 pretend any of our nation to be a Venetian as this man. . . . 
 The French would much rejoice if the English protection should 
 once be baffled, and it is not without suspicion but some of 
 that false nation have been instrumentall to occasion this 
 trouble." 
 
 After the merchant had been in prison six days (treated 
 like a thief, put in a loathsome place and in chains) I with 
 the whole factory offered ourselves as security for him, but 
 to no effect, and the Chiau plainly said the Bassa " had been 
 at the wars and wanted money, and money he would have." 
 
 After ten days, the merchant's health was so much impaired 
 that I asked Mr. Nightingale and Mr. Browne to treat (as from 
 themselves) with the Chiau, who were forced to promise 500 
 dollars in money, besides other presents, after which the
 
 421 
 
 merchant was released, but if such unparalleled actions pass 
 without restitution of what has been forced from us, " there 
 will be no safety for any Englishman, or any that shall come 
 under their banner to live in these parts." We therefore 
 pray you to obtain a command " that for the future, no Bassa 
 nor any other minister except the Caddee shall have any 
 power to seize upon any particular person upon any pretence 
 whatsoever, but if there be occasion to call any one, either 
 of our nation or others under the English banner to justice, 
 that the Caddee doe it." 4 pp. 
 
 H. HOWARD to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666, June [10-]20. Rome. ". . . I arrived heather just 
 in Holy weeke, wheare after wasting my selfe the best I could 
 for my sinnes of fraylety, I went to Naples and am since lately 
 returned thence, and intend, God willing, veary sodenly for 
 Florence, whence I meane to roule a little in my carruccio 
 round Italy, till the arrivall of the Emperes call me to Millane, 
 after which the indifferency I possesse at present of where- 
 soever my fate shall leade me, makes it difficult to render 
 now a farder account. ..." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENEAQE FINCH. 
 
 1666, June 12-22. Pera. I do agree with you that it is 
 my interest as well as the Company's for us to agree together 
 and that their prosperity is the general good of the kingdom, 
 so that you may be confidant that I shall endeavour what 
 I can to excel the best of my predecessors in my care of 
 their trade and diligence in executing their orders. The mis- 
 understandings have come by degrees ; first, after my return 
 from Adrianople, their protests against expence and demands 
 of money from me ; then, when I thought this was laid asleep, 
 their exceptions (not queries, as now they call them) to 
 Mr. Hedge's accounts. If you likewise reflect on the tediousness 
 of their replies, and that (Sir Sackville Crow having carried 
 away all the ancient registers and precedents) no one could 
 here answer any doubts I haade, as also several accidents, 
 as that of Broadgate, leading me to think they had no more 
 confidence in me, you will see that all this much varied from 
 the " true prospect you have now given me of their intentions 
 towards me, and the reasons that induced them to doe what 
 they have." But the satisfaction they and you have now 
 given me will convert my thoughts into honour and esteem, 
 " and like to young trees, the more the windcs doe shake them, 
 the deeper roote they take, soe shall my affection for them be 
 the stronger for this late tempest, which by your wisdome is 
 now allayed into a calme." 
 
 In answer to the 13 heads of your letter : 
 
 1. In the business of the Cambio, I never received an asper 
 more than is my due.
 
 422 
 
 2. For the minister's allowance, the Company have mistaken, 
 and I had reason to complain, but my chaplain has now gone, 
 and is satisfied. 
 
 3. As soon as the exception came against my chapel clerk, I 
 took away the allowance, " though I thought it an ancient 
 custome, and it is but a pitifull thing to enrich themselves with 
 50 dollars a yeare of light money." 
 
 4. The business of Mr. Frampton got me nothing and was 
 thought reasonable here, but he is now in London, where so 
 small a trifle may be easily adjusted. 
 
 5. You have given me such reason against the continuance 
 of feasts that I shall put no more to their account. 
 
 6. Concerning the druggerman's yellow shoes, you and the 
 Company are both mistaken. What the Company pays for is 
 the protection of their privileges, for without these shoes the 
 boys in the street throw dirt in their faces, and they dare 
 not appear before the court. 
 
 7. As regards Avanias, I will observe the rules which you 
 prescribe. But I desire your opinion whether, when the 
 goods are assigned to those whose crimes have caused them 
 to hide (as in the case of Stanton and Bishop) my warrant 
 is sufficient discharge to the captain to deliver the goods ; 
 and if I cause part to be sold to pay the Avanias "caused " 
 by such persons, will the Law justify me ? 
 
 8. The Company resting satisfied as to the Avania of the 
 druggermen gives me full content. 
 
 9. Touching Mr. Love, I am satisfied that what was informed 
 against him was caused by the consul's misapprehension of the 
 true meaning of his letter, " and this I pray, say from me 
 to whom he pleases, for I would not for all the world be an 
 occasion to prejudice one who is not guilty." I enclose a letter 
 for Mr. Love, which will give him full content. 
 
 10. 11. Concerning Broadgate, " I confess that the Company 
 was much slandered in this, and that I am rather obliged to 
 them for the manner in gratifying him than if they had not 
 presented him anything." 
 
 12. For Dr. Pickering, I am credibly informed he has given 
 no just cause for his removing from Smyrna. I shall enquire 
 into his demeanour, and never favour him or any other to the 
 prejudice of the Company. 
 
 13. To this last, I could say more for any other ambassador 
 than myself, but my secretary will discuss it thoroughly with 
 you. I desire only the Company's good and my own honour, 
 and if in this they have made a good provision, " it will bear 
 the test." [On the need for a representative at Adrianople, 
 as on p. 417 above.] " He who is trusted in small things onely, 
 will finde great difficulty, if not an impossibilyty, to effect great 
 matters ; I intend rather to give the Company an occasion 
 to complaine that I disburse not enough than too much, only, 
 in this critical! juncture, it is, in my opinion, a bad season to 
 try experiments."
 
 423 
 
 The French Ambassador tells me he has very large powers, 
 and particularly that of life and death over any of his master's 
 subjects, which is more than I desire ; but I cannot execute 
 his Majesty's private instructions, " since there are not any 
 materials allowed me," so it will not be my fault if things go 
 ill. I do not yet know if I have done well or ill in not opposing 
 the trade of Genoa, but having no druggennan at Court (to 
 please the Company) I knew nothing of it until too late ; and 
 just so I am now unprovided to withstand the French and the 
 Dutch, for the necessity cannot be " absolute and unavoidable " 
 until we know certainly that they endeavour our hurt, and then 
 it will be too late, for I cannot in less than three weeks go 
 through the necessary forms to go to the Court, " and in this 
 Court, in three days as much is done as in three months at 
 London." 
 
 [Here follows a long explanation concerning the duties on 
 cloth, and proposing certain amendments in the capitulations.] 
 
 " Lastly, I want words to expresse my affection to you for 
 your great care to informe and advise me, for your incomparable 
 wisdome and sweetnesse in composing any animosities, for your 
 exceeding paines and trouble in writing soe fully and judicially 
 in all points, which will serve as an oracle to have recourse to, 
 and as my compasse to steere well out of this boisterous and 
 barberous ocean, and laborinth of vexations and trouble 
 into the haven, as I hope, of honour and content." Letter 
 Book, ii, p. 318. 3 pp. 
 
 EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 1666, June 13-23. Belgrade." . . . You will doe me a 
 most particular favour never to be forgotten to take that 
 order for Maidston's breeding you would for your owne, and 
 I leave him as wholly to your disposall as if he were soe indeed. 
 For I have noe friend in the world whose judgement I dare 
 so much rely on as yours nor any that I love more affectionately. 
 If you finde that he spends his time well att the Universitie, 
 then you may continue him there, or if you thinke that he 
 is soe well grounded that he may continue those studies having 
 an able tutor with him, then you may give order for his travaling, 
 and whatsoever you doe thinke fitt for his allowance I will 
 approve of, for I desire nothing soe much as to make him a 
 scholar and an able man. In case (which God forbid) that 
 you see that he is not likely ever to be learned in bookes, 
 we must then doe what we can to make him excell in some 
 other vertue and in knowing the world as much as may be. 
 I am (at this distance) much enclined to send him to your i 
 brother into Italy and have him to remaine with him a year "T 
 or two (if your brother stay there soe long), for I knowe noe 
 gentleman either in England or out of it soe capable to doe 
 great things in the breeding of my son as he, and he is of such 
 principalls of honour and worth and soe experimented in the 
 world that if I were to advise the king for a Governour of a
 
 424 
 
 Prince of Wales (when it shall please God to blesse him with 
 one) I should preferr my cousin, your brother. When ever 
 you thinke him fitt to be sent thither I pray (deare cousin) 
 send him without expecting any further directions from me ; 
 and [if] his servants be not such as you are confident off, I 
 pray turne them away and take care that he may have none 
 about him but very sober persons." Letter Book, ii, p. 321. 1 p. 
 
 EARL OF WESTCHILSEA to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 1666, June 13-23. Belgrade. I send a copy of my last 
 to your brother, " which after you have perused I pray enclose 
 it in one of yours to him. And I pray consider of the best 
 course for me to take with my eldest sonne, and you will doe 
 me a perticular favour, if in case he should come into Italy 
 to have an eye after him, and to provide him what Governour 
 and servants you please. I cannot be possitive in my orders 
 into England touching my sonne because I know not whither 
 he spends his time so well as he ought to doe, so that I referre 
 my selfe only to your brother. Yet I thinke that he might 
 (having the same tutour with him at Florence for a yeare 
 and then to send his tutour home) ground himselfe there in 
 the University learning as well as at Cambrige. For he 
 would have more select company in those you appoynt him 
 there then at the University, and some houres spent in riding 
 the great horse, fencing, dancing &c. would be a divertisement 
 to him. Besides his tutour he may be allowed a governour, 
 but if you could find one fit for both (which is not I suppose 
 very difficult) it would save me much. I doe leave the allow- 
 ance for his travells wholly to your brother, not valuing the 
 expence so that it be not spent in vaine. Yet I would have 
 him to be as frugall as possible especially in cloths, for plaine 
 clothes will keepe him as warme as the richest and his expences 
 in this kind will be no reputation to me nor him. Yet a 
 decency herein is to be observed, and when he is to returne 
 then a little excesse more . then ordinary is necessary and 
 convenient ; and the more he saves now the more he will leave 
 then to lay out. I pray (deare cousin) write effectually to 
 your brother and enquire perticularly after my sonne, and 
 give me your best advice and to your brother also, for I had 
 rather have him be an able man and fitt for our King's service 
 then to leave an estate to him, and nothing makes me more 
 industrious to mend mine then the hopes that he will deserve 
 it. And if by your wisdome, affection and favour towards 
 me you can be authour of so great a good to me, my obligations 
 to you will exceed all expressions." Ibid. p. 322. 1 p. 
 
 CARDINAL ANTONIO BARBERINI, Prefect of the Sacra Congrega- 
 tione de Propaganda Fide, to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 1666, June [16--J26. Rome. Recommending (on behalf of 
 the Congregation) SignorRidolfi, sent as " Vicario patriarcale," 
 to his good offices and protection. Italian. 1 p.
 
 425 
 
 There is a copy of this in the Letter Book. Also, 
 Winchilsea's reply, thanking his Eminence for his letter 
 received a few days ago by M. Ridolfi, and assuring him of his 
 desire to do anything in his power to further the wishes of 
 the Congregation ; but while the copy of the Cardinal's letter 
 is dated, like the original, June 1666, the reply is dated 
 Oct. 12, 1667. Letter Book, ii, pp. 407, 408. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666, June 22. Aleppo. The French Consul has sent me 
 word that for certain there was a peace concluded between 
 England, France and Holland, but our letters from Marseilles 
 speak quite contrary, and that the French make all preparations 
 possible to carry on the war. Their fleet, being 55 men of 
 war and 23 merchant ships of West France, left Toulon on 
 May 3, and their gallies, 13 in number, well armed, under 
 command of " the Earle Vinore, their general," departed on 
 the 6th from the castles of Marseilles. 
 
 We thank you for your caution of that false nation, and 
 have severall times experienced " how little honest}' they have 
 when they can make advantage. We verily believe, if Sir 
 Jeremy Smith be gone out of the Streights, that then they 
 may have a designe to surprise Tangier, but we hope they 
 may have worse successe there then they had at Gigery." 
 
 The Baron of Benbo has gone in the caravan for Tripoli, in 
 order to see Mount Libanus ; thence he intends for Cyprus, and 
 so for Venice. 
 
 Our new Emeen has arrived, and I hear that he has two 
 commands very prejudicial to our privileges ; viz. : that we 
 should pay our duties in Seville and Mexico coins, which is 
 ten per cent more than hitherto ; and that if our general 
 ships will not pay 5| per cent, duty they are not to be suffered 
 to unlade at Scanderoon but are to be sent to Tripoli. I 
 have been informed of the Vizier's orders to remove the seale 
 to Tripoli, but hearing nothing more of it, concluded it was 
 blown over. Our capitulations will signify nothing if the 
 Vizier gives such orders. I question not you will take care 
 that such commands (if granted) are called in before \ve have 
 ships in port, or else the trade here is utterly ruined. 
 
 A French ship has been taken by a pirate who " arms out 
 of Smyrna and Scio," in sight of Scanderoon Road, and carried 
 by him to Cyprus. " If the Grand Signer suffer such things 
 to be done, trading will be ruined, and although at present 
 our nation hath not suffered, if such pirates arme out of his 
 owne ports, hereafter we may ; for I beleive if he had mett 
 with the Virgin and Dispatch he would have taken them." 3| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to GEORGIO DRAPERIIS. 
 1666, June 24. Belgrade. As your stay at the Court 
 is very necessary for the service of the Company, I have
 
 426 
 
 made a tain of 150 aspers per day, which I think will be 
 sufficient. Take care that the French ambassador (who 
 went towards Adrianople some days ago) does nothing to 
 our prejudice. I hope he will not persuade the Grand Signer 
 to give aid to the King of Poland against his subjects, because 
 the French desire by force of arms to establish a successor 
 to that King who is a Frenchman. Letter Book, ii, p. 323. 
 Italian, f p. 
 
 LORD CARLINGFORD to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666, [June 26-]July 6. Vienna. "Though I have not 
 the honour of your acquaintance, yet the ambition I have to 
 be known your servant makes me begin a correspondence 
 which on my part shall be as punctuall as I can find oppor- 
 tunitye. The noise of the late and great battle betwixt our 
 fleet and that of the Hollanders is I am sure spread very far, 
 and I believe to our disadvantage, the Hollanders and French 
 having had the impudence to write and print our absolute 
 destruction, which hitherto has gained credit, no contradiction 
 being arrived out of England but such as I received, which 
 assures that both fleets met on Fryday the llth of June in 
 the afternoon, and having fought untill night and all next 
 day and Sunday the Admiral my Lord Duke of Albemarle 
 dispatched an expresse to advertise the King that he had 
 taken fifteen vessels of the Hollanders, and had lost but one ; 
 but in regard of the inequality of the number of ships, they 
 having 90 and we but 55, that by gene rail consent of the 
 officers a retreat homewards was thought expedient, besides 
 that the Admiral was hurt by a splinter in the thigh, and above 
 a hundred of his soldiers killed aboard him, whereof his 
 secretary Sir Thomas Clerke* was one. It is true the Hollanders 
 pursued us untill a squadron of thirty ships commanded by 
 Prince Robert [Rupert] appeared, who were appointed to 
 have met the Due de Beaufort, but the Prince hearing the 
 noise of guns concluded a fight and made hast to engage 
 in it r which he performed so successfully as after Munday and 
 Tuesdays fight to have forced the ennemy to seek their 
 securitie by flight which they did into Zeland. The particulars 
 of their losse or of the actions of our Fleet after the Princes 
 arrivall cannot arrive out of England till Thursday at soonest, 
 which I will send your lordship if I find a conveyance for it, 
 but as an assurance of our victory our ennemies acknowledge 
 that at this time our fleet rides before the Texell. 
 
 "Since the arrivall of my Lord Sandwich at Madrid, our 
 treaty with Spain advances towards a happy conclusion, and 
 there is great probability of an agreement betwixt Spain and 
 Portugal!; this court professe great inclination towards an 
 allyance with the King our master, who knowes not well what 
 to propose unto them untill the negotiation in Spain have a 
 
 * Should be Sir William Clarke.
 
 427 
 
 conclusion. Our allyance with the King of Swede is very 
 strict and I beleive inviolable, that King having withstood the 
 temptations of mony and frendship from the French and 
 Hollanders. The Empresse is still in Spain ; some say the 
 King her brother had the small pox, but is recovered ; the 
 delay used in her voyage is grievous to the Emperor. My 
 Lord Lesley professes great kindnes to your lordship. We 
 drank your health in Tenido Wine, whereof, if you make a 
 present to my Lord Arlington for his and the Kings use, 
 nothing in Turky will be more acceptable. The plague, God 
 be thanked, is almost extinguished in London." Holograph. 
 4 pp. 
 
 1666, [June 26-]July 6. Vienna. ' Twould be a sin 
 to lett this courier part, and not bring with him a newes which 
 the whole world expects with attention, and let you know 
 the event of this last great battail which must decide the 
 Hollanders or our right of being masters of the sea. . . . The 
 two navies engaged Fryday the 1 1th at evening, and continued 
 a most fierce battell till Saturday night, and notwithstanding 
 the Hollanders had three vessels to one of ours, they had lost 
 fifteen when we one only. On Sunday there came a supply 
 of sixteen vesseles to the Hollanders, at which time we ran 
 the hazard of a cruel rout, and had certainly lost the day, 
 for General Monke (sic) was wounded and retreating before 
 the enemy, when the arrival of Prince Robert with thirty 
 ships (who was gone out to meet Due de Beaufort) stopt 
 our shame and brought us back again against the enemy. 
 On the 14th, the Royal Sovereign with seventeen more ships 
 went out and joined also with our fleet. The fight was the 
 most cruel and bloudy as was ever given upon the sea, nor 
 did ever History speak of the like or any posterity perhaps 
 ever see. . . . The loss of men on both sides is unheard of, 
 yet victory at length declared itself for us, and, though scarce 
 with greater losse on their side then on ours, the Hollanders 
 fled to wards the coast of Zeland. . . . Our Generall is wounded, 
 and Captain Berkley brought prisoner into the Hague. They 
 say that Eversen, Admiral of Zelande, is sunke, and that Van 
 Trompe lost three ships one after another." The Dutch 
 Gazette tells us that the victory remained with them, yet at 
 the same time state that the English fleet is before the Texel, 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to the CHIMACAM of Adrianople. 
 
 1666, June 28. Protesting against the attempts of the 
 French ambassador to interfere with the rights of the English 
 ambassador as regards the protection of foreigners, who 
 are declared to be under the English banner botli in the 
 capitulations and hattasheriff. The English having always 
 been the ancient friends of the Porte, he does not believe that
 
 428 
 
 the Grand Signor will be willing to take away their privileges 
 and give them to others. 
 
 Also complaining that the merchants in the Grand Signor's 
 dominions are much vexed and molested, contrary to justice 
 and the capitulations, and in particular at this present, one 
 named Francesco Vanden Drisch, by the Bassa of Aleppo 
 who has insisted on the payment of 1,200 dollars before he 
 would liberate him, and has done him much injury and 
 injustice. Prays his Excellency to find a remedy for these 
 abuses. Letter Book, ii, p. 323. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to GEORGIO DRAPERIIS. 
 
 1666, July 2-12. Belgrade. As to the desire of the Grand 
 Signor for vessels against the Venetians, the war in which 
 our King is engaged against the Dutch, Danes and French 
 is excuse sufficient for any reasonable man, but if the Chimacham 
 is not content with it, then say plainly that my King is at 
 peace with both nations, and that it would be a manifest 
 injustice to injure those who have given us no provocation. 
 Ibid. p. 324. Italian. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1666, July 10-20. Belgrade. Desiring him to oppose as 
 much as possible the French Ambassador's designs against 
 England. If needful, will come himself. Ibid. p. 325, 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1666, July 11-21. Belgrade. Desiring him to inform the 
 Caimacham and Mufti that if the Porte means to favour only 
 such as have done them the most mischief, the British King, 
 as he is much more powerful by sea and hath better men, will 
 soon make them see that he can also do them more hurt, and 
 " as we are never the authours of a breach, soe we allsoe 
 scorne them that abuse us, and feare not any that love us not." 
 They are also to be informed that the French have not only 
 robbed them by sea and lately helped the Venetians and 
 Emperor against them, but (as they will find if they examine 
 their Chronicles) in the war with the Emperor in the time of 
 Sultan Amurath, did as much mischief to the Grand Signor 
 as now, and that then they had no territories in Germany 
 to oblige them to give such aid. They are likewise to be 
 reminded of the carriage of former French Ambassadors and 
 how shamefully they have been sent home, which never 
 happened to ours, and finally to be told that "this act of 
 forcing forraigners is in itself e unjust . . . and if they thinke 
 that France alone is most considerable, they should stay at 
 least untill they have beaten all the world. We have now warre 
 with them and the Hollander, and yett we doe not feare them 
 both together, which is a signe that we are more considerable. 
 ... If they desire war with us, this is the way, and I doubt
 
 429 
 
 not butt speedily they will have their bellyfull, and this you 
 may lett them know from me." The consul at Aleppo tells 
 me that no general ships are to unload at Scanderoon without 
 paying 5 per cent. "If there be noe remedy for this, the 
 King of England will finde out some other wayes to make 
 them more sensible of his greatnesse." Letter Book, ii, p. 326. 
 H PP- 
 
 THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA to THE VIZIER. 
 
 1666, July 11-21. Is told that the French are now only 
 to pay three per cent where formerly they paid five, which 
 shows clearly that the English privileges are taken away and 
 given to others, for in Aleppo, where the English used to pay 
 three per cent., they are now demanded five and a half. If his 
 Excellency does not remedy this, the captains will all be 
 ruined, and he must impart it to the King of England, who 
 will highly resent that his honour should be less respected 
 than that of the enemies of the Porte. Ibid. p. 327. Italian. 
 
 I P- 
 
 Also, Letters to the Caimacham and Mufti, almost in the 
 same words. Italian. Ibid. pp. 328, 329. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666, July 17. Aleppo. Letters from London of May 21 
 say that our fleet was ready to sail and only waited for a 
 wind. The Dutch give out that their fleet of 98 ships left the 
 Texel on May 25 o.s. " Pray God give his Majestic good 
 successe against his enemies." The French here know not 
 where Beaufort is ; some say at Rochelle, others at Cales. 
 
 Our late Emeen, made now one of his Agas by our Bassa, 
 has been making a pretence upon our nation for duty upon 
 money brought to us, in his year, upon French and Dutch 
 ships, but I have foiled his design and got possession of his 
 orders (from the Bash Teftedar), the effecting of which has not 
 been without some charge to the Company. The executing of 
 the command would have caused us much mischief and expence, 
 as the Company's ships seldom touch in Spain or Italy, " so 
 that what moneys our nation shall bring will most come by 
 strangers' ships." 1| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE EARL OF ARLINGTON. 
 
 1666, July 22. Pera. On the high demands of the French 
 Ambassador, especially as to the sole right of protecting 
 strangers, which they claim was granted to them 140 years 
 ago, and the means which he has taken to frustrate their 
 attempt. The Turks fear France, lest she should prejudice their 
 designs for Candy, and the chief Customer at Constantinople 
 (a prudent person and no admirer of the French) says they will 
 always do more from fear than from love. Urges the sending 
 of a man of war and threatening letters, and permission to
 
 430 
 
 himself to declare that unless they respect his Majesty's 
 capitulations he has orders to return home. Letter Book, ii, 
 p. 330. 2 pp. [Original in 8. P. Turkey,] 
 
 Also, A short note of the same date, enclosing a duplicate 
 of above. If things come to an extremity, he prays for a 
 ship to be sent to take him and his family home ; but if his 
 Majesty thinks any suffering of his amongst these barbarians 
 can contribute to his service, is ready to obey. Ibid. p. 335. 
 \ p. [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 u THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1666, July 23. Belgrade. I send you my letter to Lord 
 Arlington. When read, seal it up " with any Caesar's head or 
 antique seal " and send it to him. By it you will see how low 
 our interest is here. I fear the Company's restrictions of 
 not spending until it be unavoidable and absolutely necessary 
 " will only give our enemies first power to hurt us, and then 
 we must play the after game to recover (if we can) what we 
 have once lost." The trade of Aleppo is already lost, which I 
 might have saved if I had gone to the Court last year and spent 
 a few thousand dollars. If his Majesty give me orders " to 
 speak home to the Vizier," I wish he would send a man of war 
 as far as Tenedos or the Castle's mouth to receive my wife 
 aboard, and my self in case things go ill here. We should 
 steer for Italy, where I would leave my wife and go post to 
 his Majesty, to give him the best light I can ; returning, if 
 he pleases, in the fleet, " for I may be capable to advise not 
 only the best meanes to doe them mischiefe here, butt allso to 
 make a better peace than ever yett was made." Ibid, 
 p. 332. 1 pp. 
 Enclosing : 
 
 INTELLIGENCE. 
 
 Orders are gone from the Grand Signor to cut off the 
 new King of Tartary's head. The Vizier is said to be 
 going to Negropont to make levies for Candia, and 
 thence to Larissa, where (as I am told) he has full power 
 to conclude a peace with the Venetians as he pleases, 
 in which case he may allow them to retain the city of 
 Candia and Suda. Balarino had brought the Vizier 
 to the terms that the Venetians should abandon and 
 slight Suda (the best port and strongest fortress in 
 the island) and that the Grand Signor should do the 
 same to new Candia, and give the Venetians about 
 twenty miles round their city of Candia, but the latter 
 refusing to quit Suda, the business was laid aside. 
 
 The French bragg much of the reception of their 
 ambassador, and some Italian gazettes have written of 
 his being met by persons of quality and 150 boats ; but 
 though these lies pass in Christendom, yet here " all 
 know that the favours he had from the Vizier was 
 two or three good boxes of the eare, and some days
 
 431 
 
 imprisonment in a nasty place in the Vizier's owne 
 house." Letter Book, p. 333. 2 pp. 
 
 NICHOLAS] OUDABT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 [1666, July ?]* When I reflect upon the time past, wherein 
 your Excellency was pleased to honor me with your favors 
 here, and afterwards with your remembrances through my 
 deceased friend Mr. Robert Bargrave, soone after the disaster 
 before your Excellency arrived at Lisbon, it is impossible but 
 I should remember the troubles I suffred for your Excellencies 
 sufferances then, and my friends losse soone after." It would 
 be too long to explain in a letter the reasons for my long 
 silence, but I hope the begging of pardon may obtain it. "I 
 have been a sufferer six months in the darck prisons of Holland, 
 and a willing husband at home as many here since, since his 
 Majesty's exchanging of me ; but now I am a deeper debt- 
 prisoner than ever, by his Majesty's most gracious free conferring 
 upon me the Latin Secretarys place about him, at my infinitely 
 obligeing Lord Arlington's unsolicited motion, which made the 
 office to be more valued by me than had I obtained one of ten 
 times more value. 
 
 " This I should not be so vaine as to write except I knew 
 the candor of your Excellencies good will towards me, 
 who . . . through all persecutions, fines and temptacions " 
 shall ever be your faithful, humble servant. 2 pp. 
 
 Endorsed, " Answered Aug. 1, 1667." 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1666, Aug. 3-13. Friday. Your mother is well, and in 
 September expects her delivery, which God bless to her and 
 to us all. 
 
 " The Dutch triumphs at Vienna were with great insolence 
 and bold inscriptions for their supposed victory in June 
 
 " Plaudite gentes, plaudi Europe &c. 
 
 " Detrahimus dominos, orbi service parati. 
 and this distich : 
 
 " Littora nota petunt Batavi, fundum maris Angli, 
 Scilicet hos dominos dixeris esse maris ? 
 
 " But now they have cause to change their note, although 
 their foreign Gazett in French speakes of this last engagement 
 not as of a doubtfull fight, but as of a totall rout and chase 
 of the English. By which you may conclude how farr they 
 are to be believed at any time. Our .small poets go to work 
 against the Dutch too, of which you will find a copy on the 
 other side. 1 p. 
 
 Overleaf, 
 
 Several distiches in Latin against the Dutch. 
 
 * The warrant for the appointment of Oudart as Latin secretary is dated 
 July 13, 1666. He was seized and imprisoned at the Hague on July 12, 1665 
 (see Sir G. Downing'g letter of July 14, S,P. Holland) and liberated the 
 following January.
 
 432 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE EARL OF LESLIE. 
 
 1666, Aug. 7-17. Belgrade, 12 miles from Constantinople. 
 Complaining of the inattention of the German Resident in 
 regard to the forwarding of letters, and other incivilities, 
 proceeding either from jealousy of their friendship with the 
 former Resident, or from ignorance in public affairs. 
 
 Has received letters from the Earl of Carlingford and from 
 Baron Hay. "Young Leslie groweth apace," and will, he 
 hopes, live to serve his Excellency "as a volunteer against the 
 common enemy." The plague is now in Constantinople. Letter 
 Book, ii, p. 336. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE EARL OF CARLINGFORD. 
 
 1666, Aug. 7-17. Belgrade, I am highly obliged to your 
 lordship for the narrative* of our master's victory over the 
 Dutch. Here is no news stirring save the great preparations 
 against Candia, which the Turks expect to be able to take 
 next summer. 
 
 The French Ambassador has lately demanded 64 new articles 
 for their capitulations [gives account of the demands], but 
 my letters have so worked with the great men that he is every 
 day expected back here without having done anything, " yet 
 we must watch him and not be too confident, and the Turkes 
 have here of enemies a good proverbe, that we should provide 
 a lyon for every ant which our enemies have." 
 
 That Sweden stands fast to our master's interest is exceeding 
 good news to us here, as also that your lordship's negotiations 
 go on well at Vienna, and my Lord Sandwich's at Madrid. 
 This is a juncture when his Majesty's friends must declare 
 themselves, and countermine the French in all parts of the 
 world. They are certainly endeavouring a new rupture 
 between the Grand Signor and the Emperor, and the State of 
 Venice drives at the same design, so that some of the wisest 
 here lay wagers that the peace will not last four years. 
 
 The first opportunity, I shall send some Tenedos wine to 
 Lord Arlington, with directions, if it prove good, to present 
 part of it to his Majesty. " I did not know that the King 
 did like such sorts of wine, for we here esteeme them not 
 wholesome, drunk in any quantity." Ibid. p. 338. 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to GEORGIO DRAPERIIS. 
 
 1666, Aug. 15. Belgrade. Concerning the Prince of 
 Moldavia's friendship to himself and kindness to Draperiis 
 and Antonio Perone. Assures Draperiis that nothing 
 Dr. Masselini can say shall be any prejudice to him. 
 
 Is grieved to hear of his indisposition and desires him, 
 if it "endangers" his health, to return at once, without 
 waiting to finish his business. Ibid. p. 340. \ p. 
 
 * iScc p. 426 above.
 
 
 433 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1666, Aug. 17-27. Friday. Your relations in general are 
 well, and much the better for this warm and cheerful summer. 
 " Your brothers are well at Oxford, and have lately taken a 
 progress with their tutour to Bath, Wells, Bristoll and Glouces- 
 ter. About Michaelmas your brother Heneage conies home 
 for alltogether, but your brother Will stays behind, yet not 
 quite alone, for Will Bernard is admitted a commoner of 
 Ch. Ch. and the Dean hath placed him with Mr. Woodruff, 
 which I hope is one good signe that hee intends not suddainly 
 to leave the University. 
 
 " I have been forced to turn away my chief clerk, John 
 Hannis, for a wretched knavery in falsifying the King's 
 evidence, and interlining a counterpart of a lease which 
 the Farmers of Excise were to seal to the King, contrary to 
 the originall pattent which I drew, and to which the Great 
 Seal was affixt ; so now I am ridd of a drunken crew, and 
 will take more care of my next choyce. 
 
 " I have been three times at Mr. Lillys* to sitt for my 
 picture, by my Lord Chancellors command. I play at bowles, 
 and ride abroad, and read ballads, of which I send you one, 
 written by Mr. Lacy the comedian, f and commented upon by 
 Sir Jo. Berkenhead. I can look with pleasure upon my gray 
 hairs so long as I hear well and hopefully of you, whom I 
 pray God to bless with his most holy benedictions." 
 
 Postscript. " Present my service and your mothers to 
 Dr. Bayns. Sir Rob. Southwell hath sent for his lady, and 
 unless our successes at sea do quicken the slow counsells of 
 Spayn and Portugall, and give some expedition to the affair 
 of his embassy, she provides to goe to him this winter, there 
 being no cause now to fear the sea." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCIIILSEA. 
 
 1666, Aug. 31. Aleppo. " The French nation are soe 
 impudent in their false reports here concerning our late en- 
 gagement, that notwithstanding our particular relation of the 
 truth, they fill both the seraglia and country with their un- 
 truths. Here enclosed I send your Excellencie a relation 
 of that engagement, printed by order of Sir John Finch at 
 Florence. . . . The French pretend to have writing that 
 their King's fleet under Beaufort was gone from Rochell to 
 attempt upon Ireland, where they pretend their designe is 
 so lade that they make no doubt of the victory." 
 
 Our Bassa has been some time away from Aleppo, professing 
 to free the country from Arabs, which endanger caravans, 
 " under which pretence he hath ruined almost all the country." 
 2 pp. 
 
 * Peter (afterwards Sir Peter) Lely. 
 
 f John Laoy, of the King's Company of Actors. 
 
 Wt. 29495, i-i 28
 
 434 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to HENRY HOWARD of Norfolk. 
 
 1666, Sept. 1-10 (sic). Belgrade. By "Mr. Ravescraft" T 
 have received letters from your brother and Sir Philip Mathews 
 mentioning others which have never come to my hands (as I 
 am confident many from my secretary and from my cousin 
 Finch at Florence also have not done). This way of intercept- 
 ing letters, I have not deserved at their hands. Though we are 
 now "in open warres with the French and Holland, yet I suffer 
 their packetts which come by our shipps to be delivered them, 
 and they the like to me," but your character of Signer Casa 
 Nuova is very true, and I learn out of his own house that he 
 speaks very slightingly of our nation, and much more favour- 
 ably of the Hollanders. I have written plainly to the Earl of 
 Leslie of this unworthy dealing with our letters by their 
 Resident, and of his little civility towards me. I have procured 
 my friend (who missed it when you were here) to be made 
 Prince of Moldavia, so now I can send my letters for Christen- 
 dom " without being obliged to the clownish Resident here." 
 I have some hopes of going to England for awhile this winter, 
 and if so, shall try to kiss your hands by the way. Letter 
 Book. 1 p. 
 
 SIR THOMAS BENDYSHE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666, Sept. 13. London. My long silence has been caused 
 partly by my residence in the country, and partly by reason 
 I could tell you nothing you did not receive by better pens 
 than mine. " The Levant Company, or rather a few 
 malicious persons among them (for the best and ablest 
 cry shame on their proceedings), having extreamly 
 troubled me with a chargeable Chancery suite these fower 
 years, and having nothinge to prove against me here, have 
 taken out a commission to examin witness against me in 
 Constantinople, Smyrna and Aleppo. For Constantinople, 
 my Lord (pardon my boldnes) I have chosen your Excellency 
 for my commissioner . . . and although I well know that 
 your Excellency is noe way obliged to trouble your selfe in 
 this affayre, yet I beg and intreat your honour be pleased to 
 take upon you this trouble." 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF CLARENDON to THE SAME. 
 
 1666, Sept. 20. Barkshire House. I expected that 
 Mr. Ricott on his first coming would have imparted to me the 
 disputes between your lordship and the Company, that I 
 might have used my little credit to reduce them to what is 
 just ; but he has mentioned nothing to me, and only made 
 some proposition to my Lord Treasurer concerning your coming 
 home, leaving a deputy there, and after some stay returning 
 again. The Treasurer, Mr. Secretary and I have consulted 
 with Mr. Ricott, but we all think the design impracticable. 
 You could not leave the court "without a formal! letter of
 
 435 
 
 revocation, at the delivery whereof the custome hath alwaies 
 been to present a new ambassadour, and without leaving 
 another there in your roome, it is probable the Emperour 
 will not suffer your departure." The Company will never 
 submit to a deputation, and if you once came away, there 
 would be so many pretenders for the employment that there 
 would be no hope of your return ; indeed I cannot imagine 
 that you would desire to go thither again. The King readily 
 agreed to bestow his picture upon you, and resolved to sit 
 for it, but Mr. Ricott now desires " that it might be in little 
 and in oyle," without which he cannot carry it with him, and 
 I almost despair of its being ready against the time, which 
 Mr. Ricott reckons will be within ten days or a fortnight. 
 
 " I hope the fame of our great victories this summer upon 
 the Dutch hath lessened much their reputation in your parts, 
 indeed their losses have been very great, especially in men 
 and merchandize, we having burned no lesse then one hundred 
 and three score shipps together, all richly laden, and in their 
 ports. 
 
 " Since the writing of this wee have undergone the highest 
 calamity this nation hath ever felt by a terrible fyre, which 
 hath destroyed three parts of fower of the whole city of 
 London, and wee who live in the suburbs preparing for the 
 same fate, fled from our lodgings, and have hardly yet recovered 
 our goods or our witts. Mr. Rycott hath been an eye-wittnesse, 
 and will make you the best relation of a sad matter." 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1666, Sept. 25. Aleppo. From London (up to July 12) 
 they write that our fleet, more considerable than before, was 
 ready to put to sea, and that the Dutch fleet was out. 
 
 The Latin fathers at Bassora write to me that several 
 vessels were arrived there from India and Persia, bringing 
 packets for me, which they had sent by the Bishop of 
 Hieropolis, lately returned from China. He has not yet 
 arrived here. 
 
 Our Bassa, being returned from his attempt against the 
 Bedewins, " makes this place, by reason of his insolent soldiers, 
 much more dangerous for our factory then before." To 
 prevent mischief I sent to salute him with a present, which 
 he took very kindly and sent me a small one in retun. We 
 hear that our late troublesome Emeen, Abrim Aga, is dead. 
 I conceive our affairs will fare better when your Excellency 
 has settled the customs ; "to effect which it will be needful 
 that the Bash Teftedar, who was the great supporter of Abrim 
 Aga, may be made a friend of our nation." 2 pp. 
 
 ALDERMAN JOHN L ANGLE Y to THE SAME. 
 
 1666, Oct. 1. London. Though by face unknown to you, 
 I have a great obligation to " endeavour your interest from
 
 436 
 
 the many favours your lordship hath bestowed on my son at 
 Smirna. . . . Though young yeares are subject unto errours, 
 yet a line or two from your honour by way of advice may 
 heale what is amisse." I earnestly recommend him to your 
 patronage. 
 
 " I shall not repeat what passed at our last court in your 
 affaires, our joynt letters being soe large, but this I dare say 
 that in all things they desire to be candid, and did the state 
 of our trade goe on soe freely as before the warr, nothing 
 could hinder ther more ample respects ; but loosing times and 
 the vast charge without incombe to beare it hath at present 
 made them considerative soe as to stopp enlarged presents. 
 
 " The state of the citty and condition we now stand in 
 through our distractions from the late conflagration wilbe 
 better made knowne by your Excellencies Secretary 
 Mr. Paul Riccault then by letter, it having levelled with the 
 ground at least seaven parts of eight within the walls in four 
 days time, a story not to be paraleld in any age." 1 p. Seal 
 of arms. 
 
 T., EAEL OF SOUTHAMPTON to his brother, THE EARL OF 
 WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666, Oct. 4. Southampton House. -I may remit the 
 relation of much of your business to your diligent and discreet 
 secretary, Mr. Ricott, who was present at the several agitations 
 which my Lord Chancellor, your friend Mr. Solicitor and I 
 had concerning the same. But to sum up the result, it would 
 be very unsafe for you to return hither for a time with any 
 hope of returning to your employment ; for as soon as we 
 proposed it, we should have others endeavouring to end your 
 commission, and proposing some new person for the employ- 
 ment, which we believe several do watch, but without hope 
 thereof until you voluntarily return. Hence we conclude 
 your private business here (which is not ill-managed by your 
 agents) cannot suffer so much by your absence as your general 
 affairs would do if you came back without a probability of 
 returning. " You, that know the condition of courts, may 
 assure yourself e we have made this judgment by the best 
 lights we had, and I had no pleasure therein, because it deferred 
 the comfort I and my wife should have in seeing our deare 
 sister and your lordship." 
 
 The last year's sweeping plague was so far stopped by the 
 last winter that our naval preparations were able to be as 
 powerful and hopeful as ever ; " and though in the first 
 rancounter of the twoe fleets, by the great disparity of the 
 nomber, ours had the harder task, yet by the seasonable 
 comeing in of the Prince enforced them to make hast home, 
 in the next, when the ballances were even, three or fower 
 howers dispute made it evident unto them, that upon equall 
 termes they were not fitt to grapple with us, and nothing 
 saved them, when wee had driven them upon their owne
 
 437 
 
 coast, but their flatts and a calme ; since when, though they 
 have appeared twice within sight of us, they would never 
 bide our coineing up to them, and more then ordinary stormes 
 have bin their shelter. One whereof was the very winde that 
 made the fire at London soe deplorable, and another, that 
 which kept us from the French fleet, who came as far as Diep, 
 hoping there to have found the Dutch, who durst not stay 
 their comeing, and soe the French packt as fast to Brest. 
 All these misfortunes and maladventures has bin our porcion 
 these twoe last yeares, and yet to wonder (for God be thanked 
 wee have plenty to support the cominalty) the Londoners are 
 not discouraged. The twoe Howses are upon wayes to support 
 the warre the next yeare, and by that time wee may hope 
 to see you." Signed. 2 pp. Seal of arms in garter. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MORICE to THE SAME. 
 
 1666, Oct. 4. Whitehall. As your secretary will tell you 
 all the occurrences here, this is only " to make oblation of my 
 services, and pay my votes [sic] for the continuance of your 
 incolamity and increase of your honor." Holograph. | p. 
 
 ALDERMAN WILLIAM LOVE to THE SAME. 
 
 1666, Oct. 5. London. Was not more troubled by his 
 lordship's credence of false reports than he is now satisfied 
 to see that he is convinced that they were slanders. Hopes 
 his lordship will not hereafter suffer his belief to be so easily 
 imposed on, and assures him that he will ever study to evince 
 his sense of his Excellency's favour. 
 
 There is a debt due to him from the estate of his late factor 
 in Galata, Mr. William Osborne, which is deposited in his 
 lordship's Cancellaria. Prays that it may be paid to his 
 cousin, Richard Uvedale, of Smyrna. 1 p. 
 
 JONATHAN DAWES to THE SAME. 
 
 1666, Oct. 8. London. Not long ago I received your kind 
 warrant for a buck. " By reason of the sadness of the times 
 ever since I have not made use of it, yett I hope the next yeare 
 may bee more propitious in affording some joyfull occasion." 
 By Mr. Ricaut I received another letter from you, but both 
 " in the time of the late dreadfull fire were in great confusion 
 shuffled together with all my other writeings and sent into the 
 country for preservation, since which I have had noe time to 
 putt my businesse into a method." Yet I well remember your 
 Excellency's kind expressions for myself and my nephew 
 Hiett, for which I am ever infinitely obliged. 
 
 " Albeit my estate is abroad, which for want of shippinge 
 by reason of the warre I cannot call home, I was very ready 
 to have furnished Mr. Ricaut with 100. . . . but he hath 
 onely taken of me 501." Now that, having done all possible 
 in your business at Court, in the city and in the country, he
 
 438 
 
 is returning to you, I must needs witness that " he hath taken 
 indifaticable pains in all your lordship's business, and is 
 very highly esteemed of by all parties either at Court or in the 
 Turkey Company." 
 
 I am heartily sorry your Lordship's desire of coming here 
 for a little time would not be granted, but beg you to have 
 patience two or three years longer " becaus your place is 
 esteemed one of the best imployments in the guift of the 
 crowne, and becaus until! the citty of London bee in some 
 measure rebuilt, your Lordship could have very little injoy- 
 ment and content if you should come." It is impossible by 
 pen to set forth the misery of our present condition, and I 
 must refer you to Mr. Ricaut for an account of everything. 
 
 As the Turkey Company, after almost four years carrying 
 on the law suit against Sir Thomas Bendy she and myself, have 
 been able to do nothing, " they are fajne to hunt as farr as 
 Constantinople, Aleppo and Smirna to finde out somebody 
 that may have somewhat to accuse us, and to that end, Sir 
 Thomas and myself willingly joyninge with them, they have 
 taken out a commission to examine witnesses of both sides." 
 We have presumed to choose your Excellency as one of the 
 commissioners for us, and hope you will take that trouble, 
 seeing that the Company's design is plainly to make Sir Thomas 
 and myself an example to all future ambassadors and treasurers. 
 For my own part, I have orders under Sir Thomas's hand for 
 everything I acted in his time, and under your Excellency's 
 hand for all that I or my nephew William Hiett (for they sue 
 me for what he has acted also) have done in your time, which 
 I am advised by counsell learned will indemnify me. How- 
 ever, I pray you that Mr. Thomas Forster, our other commis- 
 sioner, and Wm. Hiett, whom we wish to be our clerk in the 
 business, may have competent time to perfect the matter, 
 knowing that your lordship will not deny them your best 
 assistance ; " and I desire your lordship to imitate the law, 
 which hath noe respect to persons." 2| pp. Seal of arms. 
 
 GYLES DAVIS to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 1666, Oct. 8. London. Stating that at present there is 
 " very little or noe trade in this place, by meanes of a dreadefull 
 fier that hath lately befalne us in the citty of London, which 
 hath in a manner consumed the whole citty ; which hath put 
 a stoppe to all busines whatsoever, and makes the Levant 
 Company for to presse frugallitye as well abroade as at home, 
 which truly they have reason in this sad time of distraction." 
 Leaves further particulars to Mr. Ricaut, the bearer, " of 
 whom the Company hath a very good oppinion for his prudente 
 management of affaires." 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE SAME. 
 
 1666, Oct. 12. Aleppo. The English agent at Ispahan 
 writes that five Frenchmen two of the King's bed chamber,
 
 439 
 
 on his behalf, and three merchants, on the Company's affairs 
 have arrived at the Persian Court, but the Hollanders in 
 those parts endeavour to prevent any privileges being granted 
 to them. The King of India's ambassador, who had so 
 honourable a reception, by reason of the great piscash he 
 brought from his master, has since been extremely slighted by 
 the King of Persia, and was nearly turned out of the presence 
 chamber for calling his master King of all the World, and 
 demanding the re-delivery of Candahar and Culleeza. It is 
 believed it may occasion a war, for which the King of Persia 
 is preparing. 
 
 A new Dutch agent has arrived at that Court, with a rich 
 present for the King. " Among other rarities of birds and 
 beasts were two young elephants." 
 
 The old agent for the Dutch, Van der Wicke, taking his leave 
 of the Governor of Gombroon, and being asked how affairs 
 had gone between them and our nation (although the Governor 
 was well informed of his Majesty's great victories), told him 
 " that in their engagements with England they still had the 
 better ; that in one of their fights, they had slaine his Royal 
 Highnesse the Duke of Yorke, Prince Robert and many of the 
 nobility, taken severall of our ships, blocked up all our ports, 
 and were masters of the seas, the States refusing to make peace 
 untill they had brought our nation into subjection, as they had 
 done in India ; saying further that the Kings of England 
 and France, in respect of their riches and power, were no 
 more in comparison with the High and Mighty States then were 
 a couple of boyes to an elephant." 
 
 This was written me by some of our servants who stood 
 by and heard it, and some French gentlemen there were so 
 offended with the "impudent false relation" of the Dutch 
 commander, that they sent certificates to their King in France. 
 " The Governor replyed, he apprehended he spake more then 
 was truth, and so dismissed him." 
 
 The packets which I sent for India were given into the 
 care of one Tavaneer, bound for Surat on a Dutch ship, but 
 by his neglect or treachery Van der Wicke got the said 
 packets, and substituted a false one, filled with blanks. This 
 Tavaneer delivered to Sir George Oxinden, who was much 
 enraged, but, happily, duplicates sent another way, arrived 
 a few days later. I mention this to show Monsieur Tavaneer's 
 ingratitude, " who hath received many civilities from our 
 nation in his travailes severall times to India, Persia, and 
 this place, and is a person who hath often bin sent by the 
 Duke of Orleans and others to gather rarities for them. . . . 
 Tavaneer highly resents the injury which the Dutch agent 
 put upon him, threatens revenge, but cannot cleare hiniselfe 
 of the neglect, it! not treachery." 
 
 A great junk belonging to the King of Gulcondah arriving 
 at Gombroon, the Dutch sent off their men at midnight to 
 seize what English men and goods should be aboard, but
 
 440 
 
 having to return for more force, our agent protested to the 
 Vizier, who sent the Dutch word that if they did any harm 
 to the English while in that port, he would " pull their house 
 upon their heads, and turne them all out of port." Soldiers 
 came flocking out to protect the junk, which put the Dutch 
 in such a fright that they returned shamefully to their homes, 
 not daring to show themselves abroad. 
 
 " I hope his Majestic will be pleased to give the East India 
 Company such assistance for the preservation of their 
 priviledges in that gulfe as may preserve the English right, 
 which is a great concernement. ... A most profitable trade 
 from India might be drove in those parts, which to the English 
 is almost lost, and in the hands of the Dutch." 
 
 Sir George Oxinden advises me of three English ships which 
 arrived last summer at Fort St. George and Surat : the Grey- 
 hound, American and African. " The Dutch reported at 
 Surat that they intended to assault his Majesties island of 
 Bombain, which hath made Lieut. -Governor Cooke and his 
 souldiers (being in number not many more then a hundred) 
 to put themselves in a posture of defence, who have taken a 
 resolution to defend his Majesties interest to the last man, 
 and were drawing a line for their security to the landward. 
 The President's last letter before acquainted [us] that the 
 Mogull's forces were marched into Decan, since when they 
 besieged some considerable castles belonging to Sevage and 
 tooke two, and have at length reduced him to conditions, 
 who hath delivered up divers of his strongest castles and his 
 son a hostage, and tis reported he was preparing himself e to 
 goe and visitt the Mogull. On the other side, the King of 
 Decan hath recovered from him Rajapore, Dabull, and all the 
 countrey ajacent. The Mogull hath 6,000 horse before 
 Chaul, a strong towne of the Portugalls, but their intentions 
 was not then knowne. The Decan King hath made peace with 
 the Mogull, . . . and was sending his tribute money to Agra." 
 A Swedes man of war was arrived in those seas, but seems to 
 have done no harm beyond taking some anchors and cables 
 out of one of the Mogul's junks. It is said their captain and 
 pilot were dead, " otherwise to be feared they would have 
 proceeded further, and more such may be yearely expected, 
 since Hubert Hugo with his French men of warr two yeares 
 since found so good encouragement." 
 
 The St. George is now in safety at Diu, under the castle. 
 The Hollanders had in the Bay of Bengal three great ships 
 and had like to have destroyed the Greyhound and American 
 when they were trying for safety to get into the Ballasore 
 river, " who firing violently upon them, they cut and run 
 a shore." In the night, by the exertions of the Company's 
 factor on shore, who got pilots ready and fired beacons upon 
 the bar to guide them, they floated at three quarters flood, 
 "sett all sailes, and, blessed be God, were carryed safe over 
 the barr, and now ride against the barr towne, the Dutch
 
 441 
 
 (waiting at anchor outside) not suspecting that they could 
 have done anything that night." 
 
 Sir George, by his letter of Feb. 17, advises us that the 
 tribute money sent by the Decan King to the Mogul was 
 refused, that the Mogul caused his army to advance against 
 Vizapore, the metropolis of the Decan, and that within twelve 
 miles of the city, the Decan army encountered them, over- 
 threw them and slew 14,000 men. " The Mogull's generall 
 charges the losse of the battle upon the treachery of Sevage, 
 who led the army into straight passages, where the enemy 
 fell upon them ; and its reported that he hath secured Sevage. 
 
 "I cannot but give you some small account of the late 
 unhappy differences at Fort St. George. The Company sent out 
 this yeare thither Mr. George Foxcroft, their agent, requiring 
 Sir Edward Winter home ; appointing him during his stay 
 to be second in Councell. Mr. Foxcroft was received very 
 civilly, the fort and all things belonging to his place and 
 quality as agent [put] in his command some months past, 
 when he calls to account some persons of that country, servants 
 to the Company as brokers or otherwise, men of great estates, 
 which they have raised by abusing their masters, and secures 
 them within the fort. This Sir Edward could not digest, 
 knowing that by their examinations, his owne actions would 
 be brought to light and that [it] was in order thereunto. This 
 he highly resents, and prefers to be their baile, which was not 
 accepted. In some few daies, his passion flew so high that 
 he leaves the fort, and would be no longer of Councell. After- 
 wards, enters the fort armed, with a great many followers 
 in a mutinous manner ; so that the Agent, fearing the evill 
 consequence, commanded the Captain of the souldiers to 
 secure him, which, with a great deale of unwillingnesse, he at 
 length performed. In which short time of his confinement, 
 he had so wrought upon the said Captain, souldiers and other 
 by valuable presents and promises . . . that he had wholy 
 wonn them on his part. . . . His other engines were one 
 Smithes, the scandalous minister of the fort, and Farley, a 
 servant of the Agents. . . . This unbridled young man, by 
 many misdemeanours while on board ship, and dissolute 
 conversation on shore, occasioned the Agent to discountenance 
 him. This wild fellow Sir Edward countenanced, and supplyed 
 with moneys to feed his debauchery ; and the businesse was 
 so brought to passe that the aforesaid scandalous minister 
 and this his servant come to the Agents Councell, requiring 
 them to give them their oathes, and secure the Agent and his 
 sonn, whome they charge with treasonable words, spoken at 
 dinner about a month before," when none who sat near the 
 Agent heard any such words, nor were they (if said) treason- 
 able. The Agent secured these men also, and soon after, 
 when he and the Council were waiting for the bell to call 
 them to morning prayer, they heard a tumult in the court yard, 
 where the soldiers and their captain, Cheeseman, were
 
 442 
 
 mutinously met to seize the Agent for treason. " The Agent 
 and his sonn, with two of his Councell, Mr. Jer. Sambrooke 
 and Mr. Wm. Dawes, tooke their swords and run downe stairs 
 to appease the tumult, where they were beaten downe, the 
 old Agent, his sonn and Mr. Sambrooke wounded in divers 
 places, and Mr. Dawes killed." The others were made 
 prisoners, and Sir Edward has now the fort and town in his 
 possession, his accomplices having made him chief director. 
 The good old gentleman is unhumanely used and his life 
 threatened ; the Company's fort and town in danger to be lost 
 or betrayed to the Dutch or Moors. " There are some who 
 have not bowed the knee to Baal, whose affections are sincere 
 for their masters . . . and I hope these violent actions will 
 not last long." This account is verbatim what the President 
 wrote me from Surat. 11 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF ARLINGTON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666, Oct. 13. Whitehall. Having desired your cousin, 
 Sir John Finch, to transmit to you the news with which we 
 furnish him weekly, and your secretary, Mr. Ricaut, being 
 about to return to you, who has been with us all this year, I 
 may fairly refer you to them for intelligence. Mr. Ricaut 
 carries letters of recommendation from his Majesty for " an 
 expulsed Prince of Moldavia, whose interest came hither 
 very strongly recommended by the Crowne of Sweedland, 
 for whom his Majesty would have you employ all good offices 
 in his name. Mr. Ricaut gives us but small hopes of the 
 successe of them, from the knowledge hee hath of the small 
 right in this Prince's pretensions, but I have done my duty 
 when I have told you his Majesty's pleasure." 
 
 I must not conclude without testifying to the bearer's 
 [Ricaut's] passionate concern in all things relating to you, 
 which, joined with his good parts, render him most worthy 
 of your protection and favour. Signed. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1666, Oct. 14-24. Pera. Complaining of the miscarriage 
 of letters, in which matter he suspects foul play on the part of 
 the German Resident. 
 
 When within two days journey of the Vizier (with whom 
 he was in great hopes of arranging a treaty of peace), the 
 Venetian Resident, Signor Ballarino, "died suddainely of the 
 passion of the heart. . . . Now he is dead, none giveth him a 
 good word, and it will make a great alteration in the Venetian 
 affaires here. 
 
 " The French ambassador hath made a great noise about the 
 Genoua ambassadors coming, . . . but the Turkes here neither 
 believe, feare or love them, and their interest doth now daily 
 decline, so that though they have long in jest talked of leaving
 
 443 
 
 the country it is not improbably they may be forced at last to 
 leave it with a great part of their estates behind them," for 
 the Grand Signer demands 120,000 dollars for a French ship 
 laded on his account which delivered herself up to the Maltese. 
 I incline now to stay here for a longer time, and so think 
 of going to England as soon as Ricaut returns, leaving my 
 wife and about forty of my family here, as she is now with 
 child. At my return, I hope to go post to see you. Our 
 interests again increase and I hope to settle all things honour- 
 ably. Letter Book, ii,p. 343. 2 pp. 
 
 HENEAGE FINCH to his brother, DANIEL FINCH, at Florence. 
 
 1666, Oct. 27, o.s. Oxford." ... Dr. Wall is dead, and 
 has left Dr. Smyth and Mr. Recorder Croake his executors ; 
 but before his death he had made a shift to give away to the 
 towne 2,000/. towards the maintenance of the Poore, for which 
 he was quarreld att very much, becawse he did not bestowe 
 his money on the Colledge in which he was bred, and where 
 he got it ; but I thinke truly he did very well, if it were for 
 nothing else but onely to crosse some of the canons, who were 
 allways fretting and tormenting him, as Dr. Gardner, by 
 abusing him and calling him old knave and f oole, and Dr. Mayne 
 by his dry yet too abusive witt, that he could never lead one 
 houre in their company in quiet for them. His executors 
 have gott well by him, for there were found hid in his hearth 
 in a pewter pott, 700Z. in old gold. There wanted nothing in 
 his funerall but good order, to have made it very handsome 
 and noble, yet as you knowe very well is the way of Christ's 
 Church, especially of those of that gange who stile themselves 
 the wits, to carpe att and censure all people who will not follow 
 that high degree of debauchery or rather Atheism they are 
 now att, that they dare dispute it publicly whether there 
 be any such thing as the providence of God, . . . they still 
 are angry that they had not more, when what they had was 
 more then they could expect, . . . and impute it to 
 Dr. Smyth's avarice, who truly was very free from any such 
 sordid act. Here has been great talke who shduld have been 
 his successor, and many thought that Mr. Compton would have 
 had it, but it seems Dr. Heylin* will come in. Besides this, 
 here is another place voyd, not by any one's death, but by 
 Dr. Dolbens being made Bishoppe of Rochester, who, before 
 he left the house, treated all the Hall very nobly with veneson. 
 In his place, they all thinke that Dr. Croydon will come in, 
 who has lost almost all his estate by this fire ; it being most 
 in houses, which were all burnt down. 
 
 " The Vice-Chancellor [Dr. Fell], whom you know to be a 
 man of great strictness and care in whatever employment he 
 undertakes, follows his employment very closely, and routes 
 
 * Compton succeeded to the canonry on Heylin's death in lUG'J.
 
 444 
 
 Out the schollers where ever they be, and being still a man 
 of so good intelligence as he has been, he leads his beedles to 
 those alehouses and blind places which they never dreamt on. 
 He does not goe to the schools onely as their Vice-chancellors 
 use to doe, to sitt still and hear declamations, and so returne 
 home, but takes a severe account of them, and is not afrayd 
 to chide them soundly that dare come up for their masters 
 degrees and speake false latin in the deske, as two or three 
 have done this terme, and yet dare to looke as briske as if 
 they did expect all peoples' approbation. He now frequents 
 the Wall lectors too, and makes that which before was none, 
 now to become a very good exercise. He is in all things so 
 watchfull that he does intend to alter their manners too, 
 as well as their habits ; he does so harras them about that 
 every body (whose owne virtue is not a greater check to him 
 then any the severest law) do curse him, which is still but a 
 greater credit and honour to him, nam bene facere et male 
 audire, regium est." My brother William and all your friends 
 here remember them kindly to you. 1| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WfNCHiLSEA to THE EARL OF ARLINGTON. 
 
 1666, Nov. 1-10 (sic). Pera. Concerning the proceedings 
 of the French ambassador, the reception of the Genoese envoy, 
 the Turks' behaviour to the French and preparations against 
 Candia, and the death of the Venetian Resident. The Grand 
 Signer " with too much exercise being in the cold hath gotten 
 the sciatica and a tertian ague." Letter Book, ii, p. 345. 
 2| pp. [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 HENEAGE FINCH to his brother, DANIEL FINCH. 
 
 1666, Nov. 10. Oxford. " We have no news stirring here. 
 . . . Mr. Smith has often promised you a letter, but when he 
 will perform I know not. ... I believe you might have 
 received a letter from Mr. Woodruff e, but that he has not been 
 in towne this fortnight. As for my brother Will, I knowe not 
 what to say to you ; }^our self must chide him, but now I 
 knowe but little reason I have to complaine, who am myself so 
 newly reformed " [as to writing letters]. Pray present my 
 service to my Uncle and Dr. Banes. 1 p. 
 
 BARON HAY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 1666, Nov. [16-]26. Vienna." His Excellency, my Uncle, 
 praysed be God, is recovering his former health, tho' not yet 
 altogether freed of his ague. The Emperour went yesterday 
 to meet his Empresse, two dayes journey from hence. Ther 
 entry heir is to be the 5 of the nixt, with great magnificence 
 and splendour. . . . Count Carlinford would not remaine 
 to see it ; he is gone without concluding any thing. . . . Ther 
 is no apearance of any peace betwixt Ingland and Holland, 
 through instigation of the French. I am feared Mr. Ricaut
 
 445 
 
 hath had some misfortune for I have not hard any thing of 
 him these two months past." 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA to SIB JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1666, Dec. 1-10 (sic). Pera. The bearer of this is Monsieur 
 de Palliau, a kinsman of the French ambassador. " If you *f~ 
 can do him any civility becoming a French gentleman in this 
 time of warr, you will much oblige me ; he is, in earnest, a person 
 of great parts, a good soldier and a great traveller." His chief 
 object, I suppose (though he pretends only to see Italy) is 
 to tell the French King how badly their affairs go here, and 
 of how little credit the King's letter is, in reference to the 
 Genoese settlement. 
 
 I expect my secretary here daily, and hope his Majesty has 
 given me licence to go into England for a short while, " to 
 looke a little after my estate and the marriage of my eldest sonne 
 and daughter, which you doe know doth highly concerne me." 
 I should go to Adrianople to the Court and leave a deputy 
 there ; then, with about 25 persons on horseback and some 
 merchants " passe by the way of Moldavia through Poland to 
 Dantzig (where I wish I could meet Dr. Baines and my cousin 
 Solicitor's sonne to accompany me thence into England) and 
 from thence I will take the best and safest passage by land 
 into Flanders. My wife is with childe, and will not be up 
 before the end of next May, and to cary her with me, and four 
 little ones by land in those hot months " would be dangerous, 
 and very troublesome to her ; therefore I shall leave them here 
 and come hither again for three or four years, if his Majesty 
 pleases and the Company thinks it their interest. As I return, I 
 intend to wait on you, going through Germany and Switzerland 
 to Genoa, where I hope to meet you, and thence with you to 
 Florence. My wife and I present our service to you, my cousin 
 Daniel Finch, and the good Dr. Baines. Letter Book, ii, p. 347. 
 H PP- 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1666, Dec. 7-17, Friday. " Though many occasions of 
 businesse may interrupt my writing to you, yet my thoughts 
 and cares for you have no intermission, and I am but one of 
 many who are impatient till they see you safe returned. . . . 
 My hopes and prayers are that I shall one day see you in so 
 confirmed a state of health that your life may bee fitt for 
 action." I know the care and kindness of Dr. Bayns, and desire o 
 to return him my hearty thanks. " Your brothers have 
 constantly writt to you, but by relying upon my conveyance, 
 you see a whole pacquett of useless letters hath long been 
 kept from you, and now comes together." 
 
 I have no fresh news but that a frigate is sent to the 
 Barbados, " to settle affairs there, and to supply the magazines 
 since the disaster which befell my Lord Willoughby.
 
 446 
 
 " I am going to build myselfe new lodgings in the Temple, 
 which will cost mee neer a 1,000/., when they are finisht. 
 I shall then know my losses by the City fire. 
 
 " Preserve the reputation you have gotten of a very serious 
 man, and be assured that 'tis no part of the wisdome of Italy 
 to bee a sceptick in religion. Cherish that vitall heat of soule 
 which the principles of true piety have enkindled, and while 
 others take religion only into their discourse, do you avoyd 
 all talking of it, and lett the world see it in your conversation." 
 
 Postscript. " They write hither from Paris that the Spaniard 
 hath seized upon Casal, which is entertayned here only as a 
 fiction to amuse us." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666, Dec. 22. Aleppo. By a French ship from Legorne, 
 " we have to our exceeding greife and astonishment bin 
 informed of that heavy judgement, calamity and losse 
 befallen London. A particular relacion of their miserable 
 condition I send here enclosed." (Not with the letter.) 
 
 A few months past, a French ship, laden at Scanderoon 
 and bound for Legorne, her captain, Blaiz Arnaud, was taken 
 by a pirate and carried into Alexandria, where the pirate, 
 assisted by others in office, hath caused all the ship's company 
 and some Armenian passengers to be murdered, the captain 
 and several others being first strangled, under pretence that 
 the ship was a corsair. The French factories have sent their 
 complaints to Constantinople, having proved by Turkish 
 witnesses that the captain was no corsair. "If so horrid a 
 villany should escape without some extraordinary exemplary 
 punishment and restitution, it will encourage . . . others 
 to act such villanies, and it may be upon the first English 
 ship they meete withall. To prevent which, we humbly 
 intreate your Excellencie to assist the complaint that the 
 French embassador shall make, that such order may be taken 
 as may secure his Majesties subjects and their estates from 
 ruine." 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 1666, Dec. 23. Pera. I still do not know if my secretary 
 has left London, or whether I have licence to go into England 
 and return again. If I may not have that liberty, I think 
 to send my wife next June to try to procure it for me, 
 but if I go, it is a question whether I shall carry her with 
 me or not, for if so, I should leave her there, " and I am 
 unwilling to loose her company for three yeares, to enjoy 
 it only for four or five months." The French ambassador 
 having again declared by his druggerman that if the Genoese 
 ambassador was received he must desire the Grand Signer's 
 licence to return to France, "the Chimacam with much anger 
 told him that the Grand Signor gave him licence to goe as 
 farr as Hell itself e,"
 
 447 
 
 Balsora is again declared against the Grand Signer and 
 has joined forces with some of Persia. They say that the 
 King of Persia is dead, and some troubles in the kingdom. 
 The Turks are confident of taking Candia, but I believe it 
 far easier for the Venetians to recover Cyprus, which is ill- 
 manned and poorly fortified. The islanders are of opinion 
 that they shall speedily change masters, saying the kingdom 
 has never remained more than a hundred years in any King's 
 possession. " Certainly, if the Venetians were good soldiers 
 and sent but good recruits to the city of Candia, they might, 
 whilst the Turks are employed in that seedge, make themselves 
 masters of other islands," and soon make their enemy weary 
 of the war. Letter Book, ii, p. 349. 2 pp. 
 
 [FRANCIS], LORD TAAPFE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 [1666 ? Vienna.] The good correspondence between your 
 Excellency and my father [Lord Carlingford] during his 
 embassy at this Court emboldens me to recommend the 
 bearer, the Bishop of Sznadia. " He goes to the Holy 
 Sepulchre by orders from the Emperor and some particular 
 devotion- of his own ; and the hazards of such a journey being 
 very frequent, and your credit in them (sic) parts great, and 
 your generosity yett greater. ... I beleeved I could boldly 
 promise him your protection." f p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1666[-7], Jan. 13-23. Pera. I have received yours of 
 Nov. 6-16, and am very much joyed to hear of your good 
 health, and honest Dr. Baines, and not a little pleased to 
 have the assurance from you of more frequent letters. Our 
 relation in blood is so near, and the true friendship and esteem 
 I have for you is such, that if ever God blesses me with power 
 to show it, you shall find that " my endeavour to serve you will 
 bee as much as your owne heart could wish." 
 
 I hear out of England that I am not likely to have licence 
 to go thither and to return again. As for the time of my going 
 home, I cannot resolve till I have seen my secretary and heard 
 from my friends, but I assure you that (with his Majesty's 
 leave) I mean to pass through Italy. Whether I shall go 
 by way of Vienna I know not, " for the charges of travelling 
 is very cheape, and I have three coaches and an ammu- 
 nition wagon, with 28 horses ready, besides a very noble 
 horse-litter and tents with everything befitting the dignity 
 of an ambassador from so great a monarch." I have received 
 no letters from Lord Arlington for above twelve months, and 
 but one from your brother. I have wrote very often several 
 ways, but I doubt they may be miscarried. The Genoa 
 ambassador is received, and now we shall see whether the 
 French ambassador will go, as he threatened. Their interest 
 declines apace and ours increaseth.
 
 448 
 
 "The plague beginns to encrease here, and I have taken 
 another country house, so that I have now four ; three of 
 them in tryangle about seven miles distant one from another, 
 and the nighest seven miles off this place. We shall take the 
 best care possible of our health, but we are all in great appre- 
 hensions, because of the great moysture and heat of the weather 
 at this time." My wife and I present our kind respects to 
 ^ Dr. Baines, "with whom I could heartily wish that my eldest 
 sonne were, and I pray, dear cousin, perswade him to take that 
 trouble on him, upon what terms he pleases, for I know none 
 so able nor so much my friend for so great a trust, and I would 
 be glad to meet my sonne in Italy." If he will not accept it, 
 I must have patience, but I entreat you to choose another 
 tutor whom you think fit, and I will order my officers in 
 England to provide such an allowance both for my son and 
 the tutor as you judge requisite to travel with all decency 
 and conveniency, suitably to his quality. "I pray speedily 
 returne me your opinion of this, and favour me so much as to 
 make it also a litle your concerne, for I would myself do as 
 much for you. 
 
 " Some months past, in an old gazet, I read that an envoye 
 pretending to come from the Prince of Moldavia to our King 
 was rewarded with a chaine of gold and 1,000?., which caused me 
 to send to the old Prince to know the trueth ; who desired me, 
 if I could get him, to put him into the gallies, for he nor the 
 lords of that country had sent none. And since, upon the 
 best enquiring, I am assured here that the person who pretended 
 to be the envoye was formerly a servant of Gregorasco, the 
 Prince of Wallachia (who is in the Emperours territories, where 
 he fled for safety long since) and that this knave can speak good 
 Latin, and had stollen his master's great seale and many patents 
 and writings, by which he was the more enabled to counterfeit 
 himself e envoye. He hath a little marke upon the tip of his 
 nose, which was cut off by justice for his former knaveries, 
 but in Germany they have so well recovered that deformity 
 that it is but litle visable." 
 
 The name of that person is Nicolai. This you will do well 
 to acquaint the Secretary of State of, and cause secret enquiry 
 to be made whether such a person be not at Venice or 
 in Italy. A gentleman of Wallachia named Constantin Cata- 
 cusenos, of the ancient Imperial family, being to go to Padua, 
 will find him (if possible) and give you notice thereof. He 
 intends to live in Padua some time, and if he wants your 
 assistance, I pray do him the best offices you can. " His 
 family are of the greatest Bojares or lords of Wallachia, and 
 have there a vast Country, and at least 5,000 slaves that are 
 Chingani, besides others." 
 
 I wish Dr. Baines could possibly come hither for two or three 
 months, that I might resolve with him about my return, and 
 give him the trouble of my letters into England and to you. 
 It is impossible to say all by my pen, and I ordered my secretary
 
 449 
 
 to go on purpose to confer with you, but I hear that the plague 
 and other accidents have hindered him. Dr. Baines may come 
 to Ragusa about the beginning of next May, with your recom- 
 mendation as my physician ; they will then have a care of 
 him, and in June or July he could come along with the Ragusean 
 ambassadors, when they bring their tribute, with almost no 
 expense and great safety. 
 
 And if you and the Doctor think fit that he should go 
 to England, he may have the excuse to go for my eldest son 
 to bring him to you. He shall have power to choose a 
 governor for my son, and to allow him as far as 100J. a year 
 but I pray you and the Doctor to overlook him for a few 
 months, to put him in a good way, and have my son near your 
 eye. And this will be the greatest obligation possibly to be 
 placed upon [me]. Letter Book, ii,p. 350. 3J pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666-7, Jan. 16. Aleppo. It is said that the Robert has 
 been taken by the Vice-Admiral of St. Malo, and carried into 
 Gales.* Also that Duke Beaufort is displaced, and his command 
 given to him that commanded the King's gallies. 
 
 " I have scene in a letter that Reverend Mr. Frampton was 
 chaplain to his Highnesse Prince Rupert and Duke Albermare 
 in the ship when they drove the Hollanders from our coast. 
 Since the fire at London, he hath preached before his Majestic, 
 to the King's great content, his Majestic hath made him one of 
 his chaplains, the benefice of the Roles is given him. In 
 October he preached before the parliament. Notwithstanding 
 the honour and preferment he hath received at London, we 
 understand he is resolved to returne to us at Aleppo by the 
 generall ship." 
 
 The English agent in Persia writes that that King is at 
 " Mosendrone " with 60,000 men, intending to make war against 
 the Tartars, who have lately made inroads into his country. ' ' The 
 King of Indias embassador could not obtain leave to returne 
 to his master. The Persian seemes to make little account of 
 what that King shall be able to doe against him." The French 
 gentlemen have returned from the Persian court well satisfied. 
 The Dutch comandore, Henrick van Wicke, being about to 
 depart, was prevented by death. A small Dutch buss, now 
 at Gombroon, has been taking drafts of ports, soundings and 
 creeks in the Gulf of Persia, especially about Muscat, " on 
 which place no doubt they have a designe, if Van Wickes 
 death, who was the chief e projector, hinder not." The Arabs 
 there are getting in all provisions possible, to defend the place. 
 The Queen of Decan, in her return from her pilgrimage to 
 Muscat, has arrived at Bassora. 
 
 By the last news from Persia, the King and his court are at 
 Cashan, where his subjects have invited him to spend a few 
 
 * This must mean Calais, not (as usually) Cadiz. 
 Wt. 29495. FI 29
 
 450 
 
 months with them, to the exceeding great prejudice of trade 
 at Spahane, where at present lie vast quantities of India 
 commodities, but not a merchant appears. 
 
 " From Surat the English President writes me of the death 
 of the old King, Shaw Jehan, whom his son Oran Zeb some 
 yeares since deposed, and imprisoned ever since in his castle 
 at Agra. The old Mogull being dead, this Oran Zeb that now 
 governes hath made away all the rest of the family, and is 
 removed from his throne at Dille [Delhi] towards his army, 
 to prosecute the Decan warr. 
 
 " From China they write that the great dim Tartar, 
 Emperour of those parts, hath made a generall prohibition of 
 trade by sea from any of his dominions, thinking thereby to 
 impoverish his great enemy, Coixim's successour, who being 
 master of the sea, much inricheth himself e and his people by 
 the spoiles he makes. . . . They report him to have 4,000 
 ships and good vessells, and also very strong by land, but tis 
 supposed the Chineses are not so good souldiers as the 
 Tartars, for otherwise they might quickly regaine their lost 
 liberty. He still maintaines Isle Formosa, that he tooke 
 from the Dutch. The Dutch say they have built a new fort 
 on some part of it, but with much losse of their men, which to 
 conceale something of the blemish, the Dutch reporte their 
 men dyed of sicknesse. At Macassar the King hath turned 
 them out of his country, killing 17 persons. But on the coast 
 of India they are growne very power full since they tooke Cochin, 
 having gained an absolute dominion over the poore Malabar s." 
 In March they had four ships at Surat and were expecting two 
 more from Japan ; in the Bay of Bengal two ships were lying 
 in a convenient place to intercept our shipping, but these were 
 cast away in a great storm. "In those parts hath bin a 
 great mortallity ; the two English ships there have lost both 
 their comanders, with so many more of their men that makes 
 them incapable to voyage home." 
 
 Postscript. " We understand the fire at London hapned by 
 a Frenchman, who was apprehended, confest the fault and 
 was hanged." 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to JOSEPH WILLIAMSON. 
 
 1666-7, Jan. 20-30. Pera. Concerning the miscarriage of 
 letters, the pretended envoy from Moldavia, and the decline of 
 French influence in Turkey. Their trade also is in a bad state, 
 for their chief source of gain was their false money, " which 
 was all 5 sol peeces (called here temins) that were not worth 
 above 17 or 15 for a dollar in Italy and at Marseilles ; here 
 they put them off art 10 for a dollar." But now the Genoese 
 will either bring good money, or else, if they also bring bad, 
 the Turks will begin to cry it down, and the French trade will 
 suffer very much. Letter Book, ii, p. 354. 2 pp. [Original in 
 S.P. Turkey.]
 
 451 
 
 THE EARL OF WINOHILSEA to QUEEN CATHERINE. 
 
 1666-7, Jan. 20-30. Pera. " The 29th of October, I was 
 blessed with the most high honour of your Majestie's of the 
 25th of January 1665 from Oxford, and so great hath my 
 misfortune been in these so remote and barbarous parts of 
 the world that untill this present, I have not had any good 
 opportunity to returne my most humble duty and thankee 
 and to assure your Majesty that I shall ever be happy in the 
 obedience of your commandes, and that what service I have 
 done the Latin Church in this empire hath been superabun- 
 dantly rewarded with your Majestie's taking so much notice 
 thereof. And the King my most gracious master hath given 
 me instructions so full of charity and piety that if I had been 
 wanting in my duty in this I might justly have incurred his 
 Majesties high displeasure, which I had rather loose my life 
 than to deserve." Letter Book, ii, p. 355. \ p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1666-7, Jan. 26 Feb. 5. Pera. I have desired Mr. Ravens- 
 craft, the bearer of this, " to present you with a gold watch H 
 and chaine to jt, the case of which was made in England, the 
 chaine in Spaine and the movements in this place, after the 
 Turkish fashion, after the most curious manner. You must 
 observe that when you would make it goe faster or slower, that 
 it is after another fashion, which some watch maker there will 
 soone find out and shew you. I desire you to keepe it for my 
 sake and am sorry that I have nothing in this barbarous country 
 that is worth the sending you. I likewise send you a small 
 glasse botle with a small quantity of the finest balsom of Mecha 
 only for a tryall. The Chiefe Customer sent it me and just 
 sealed up as it is I present it you. If you doe approve of it, I 
 hope to procure you a better quantity. I have by me much 
 more of severall sorts. But I have with great paines and art 
 procured some out of the same gold vessell which Sultan Selim 
 found in the Treasury of the Agiptian Kings at Cairo of the 
 antient Agyptian true balsom, part of which [I] keep for the 
 King, and before I goe hence I hope to get a little more. I 
 have sent into India last yeare for severall cordialls and anti- 
 dotes against poyson, and for some other remedies against the 
 plague out of China, and have ordered part of them to be sent 
 me by land and the rest to be kept by the President of India, 
 Sir George Oxinden, untill his returne. If that they come safe 
 you shall have your share. I do search dilligently all this 
 Empire and it shall be hard if anything escapes me here that is 
 good for any thing. The Grand Signer's Ambassador formerly 
 to the Great Mogull I am acquainted with, and he hath 
 presented me 2 or 3 drames of a sort of rotten wood, which 
 is rarely found swimming in a river in India, which he csllos 
 pancher. It is of an odoriferus smell, exceeding light, and he
 
 452 
 
 and some Jewes and Jesuits tell me that taken as you doe 
 sneezing powder once a yeare it prevents the plague ; besides 
 it is good against all feavours and poysons. I have severall 
 times taken it in snuffe and have found it to doe my head much 
 good. I have sent for 10 pound of it, of which you shall have 
 your part when it comes. The Jesuits call it not a rotten 
 wood, but the root of Bengala. 
 
 " On Monday the 14-24 of January the French Ambassador 
 was sent for by the Chimacam here, and commanded the 
 Ambassador by order expresly from the Grand Signer to pay 
 him for sherbetts and sugars which were laden upon the St. 
 Bartholmeo for the seraglio and taken out of the ship by those 
 Maltezes which tooke her, the value of 25,000 dollars, and also 
 to provide for the Grand Signer 12 black enuchs instead of 
 other 12 taken out of that ship, which amounts to 12,000 dollars 
 more, and since this another command is arrived for him also 
 to pay to the Jewes 5,000 dollars more for what they have 
 lost ; 15,000 more the Basha of Cairo pretends, and other 
 Turkes do pretend to 30 or 40,000 more, so that now the French 
 do swagger and threaten high, yet they must pay great sommes 
 to the greedy Turkes. Besides this avania the officer appointed 
 by the Cleark of the Grand Signor's Kitchin told the Ambassa- 
 dor to his face that theire nation was the falseth in the world 
 and that though they pretended to be the Grand Signor's 
 friends yet that all the robberies at sea was committed by them, 
 and that none were so fore ward to help theire enemies. And 
 I am credibly informed that if the Vizier returnes safely home 
 he will soone make this Empire to hot for the hotheaded 
 monsieurs. 
 
 "The Genoua Ambassador hath been honourably received 
 by the Grand Signor and the more the French have endeavoured 
 to oppose his reception the more favours he hath received. 
 His present to the Grand Signor was : 
 
 60 vests of gold, velvets, sattins etc. 
 
 A greate chaire of needleworke curiously wrought with gold 
 and silver and adorned with silver gilt nailes, 
 
 2 very fine large looking glasses the frames of which are of 
 silver and fine workemanship, 
 
 2 tables inlayed with flowers of stone, one round and the other 
 square, 
 
 A silver large perfuming pan of admirable worke, 
 
 2 crownes of corrall placed in a silver chest together with 
 many other rarities of christall to be placed in their Mosquees 
 between their lampes. 
 
 " An envoye from Moscovy hath sometime past been at 
 Adrianople to desire of the Grand Signor that he would command 
 the Tartars to assist them against the Polanders. But the 
 Grand Signor sent orders to the Tartars that they should not 
 help the Moscovits nor make any inovation without an expresse 
 order from the Grand Signor. But yet notwithstanding (as 
 the Prince of Moldavia hath wrote the Chimacham of Adrianople
 
 453 
 
 and likewise my druggerman word) they have helpen the 
 Cosacks and beaten the King of Poland's forces. 
 
 " The troubles of Balsora are endeavoured to be kept secret 
 from the Grand Signer's knowledge a while longer, I suppose 
 only untill the Vizier hath had notice, and that the Grandees 
 are resolved what course to advise the Grand Signor to take. 
 The Grand Signor had a designe to goe to Quarante Echesia 
 for some dayes, but the Cadee there and all the great men are 
 fled, not being able to provide provisions for 10,000 men 
 which ever follow the Court, so that designe is either deffered 
 or quite put off. 
 
 " I pray advise Secretary of State of this intelligence, for I 
 had not time to write to him." Letter Book, ii, p. 356. 2 pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666-7, Jan. 28. Aleppo. The King of Persia has died at 
 Khor, " where after two daies of excesse in drinking, and getting 
 cold, he fell sick of an inflamation in his throat which turned 
 to the quinzy. His phisitians being ignorant of that desease, 
 he dyed the fourth day. Which news no sooner arrived at 
 Spahaune but the same night his eldest son, about twenty 
 years of age, was (by the Governor and others, in the absence 
 of the great lords, who were with the corpse of the deceased 
 King) crowned King by the name of his grandfather, Shaw 
 Soffee, without the least disturbance." 
 
 All is said to be quiet there, and the young King confirmed 
 on his father's throne. He received the English agent very 
 graciously, and promised not only to confirm but to enlarge 
 the nation's privileges. 
 
 The Mogul has revenged himself for the ill-treatment of his 
 ambassador in Persia, by insulting the Persian ambassador to 
 himself and sending him home in a very scornful manner. 
 
 Sir George Oxinden, writing in April last, said that there had 
 been nine strong Dutch ships before Surat, and a report that 
 Rickloff Van Goens, their admiral, was to make an attempt 
 upon Bombain, but that fear was over, as their fleet had 
 dispersed. 2| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE GENOESE AMBASSADOR 
 at Adrianople. 
 
 1666-7, Jan. 28. Pera. Thanking him for his kind letter, 
 and expressing his pleasure at the good reception which he 
 has met with at this court. Letter Book, u,p. 359. Italian. \p. 
 
 SIR ANDREW RICCARD to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666-7, Jan. 31. London.- Your servant, Mr. Ricaut, 
 hath most industriously applied himself to promote your 
 service and interest, and what he was not able to effect is 
 not justly to be imputed to any want of care nor diligent and 
 dexterous solicitation on his part, but to the cross accidents 
 of our present unhappy times.
 
 454 
 
 As to the Levant Company I am much pleased to find that 
 your dissatisfactions are over. They have not been backward 
 to acknowledge your care and kindness, so far as they were 
 able, considering that they have bin for two years past 
 barred from all trade, the mother of their income. We 
 have bin very much obliged to that noble, wise and learned 
 gentleman, good Mr. Solicitor, who doth abundance of friendly 
 offices for your Excellency and us, on all occasions. 1 p. 
 Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to the " most Reverend 
 MR. FRAMPTON." 
 
 1666-7, Feb. 2-12. Pera. This is to congratulate your 
 safe return to the loyal factory of Aleppo, and the honours 
 you have received from my most gracious master, which are 
 but a taste and introduction into greater to follow, and that 
 due to your incomparable merits. I assure you, you will 
 find the King both constant to those whom he loves, and that 
 he needs no remembrancers to advance those he esteems. 
 We are now fellow servants to the greatest of Kings and the 
 bravest of men, one so full of all kingly wisdom and virtues 
 that if he had not been born to a crown, yet is fit to govern 
 many more than those he doth so justly and prosperously 
 reign over. 
 
 Though the King allows you to perform your promise of 
 returning to Aleppo, I suppose it is not for any long time. 
 When you return, I pray you to come this way, and if any of 
 the Alepins have a design for England, they shall be also 
 welcome. I desire much to confer with you about the affairs 
 of his Majesty, the Churches abroad, the Company, the factories 
 and my own concerns, and need make you no other motive 
 than that the King, the Chancellor and Treasurer, the Company 
 and the Archbishop of Canterbury will all thank you for it. 
 Letter Book, ii, p. 360. 1 p. 
 
 NICOLAS PENNYNG to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666[-7], Feb. 8. London. I have nothing to enlarge on 
 save some concerns of my own. 
 
 " My brother's sister, having an elder daughter by her first 
 husband, Monsieur Judg Windam, hath without the pryvity 
 or consent of my brother Mead in whose house it was acted 
 . . . (but I can assure you he was out of towne) I say, did 
 make, I heare, a mariage with your eldest sonn. I plead not 
 for the act, which when I heard of it first I could not believe, 
 but only tell your honour the young lady is very deserving. 
 . . . Now none can make this happy but a smile from your 
 lordship, which, when I doe consider the disproportion of 
 what might have beene had, hapily I may have a frowne, nay 
 a sharpe rebuke." I humbly pray your pardon for appearing
 
 455 
 
 in this behalf, and shall not be happy until I have two lines 
 from you saying that it is granted. 1 p. Seal of the Levant 
 Company. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his brother [Sm JOHN FINCH]. 
 
 1666-7, Feb. 22 March 4. "This is the first minute of 4- 
 leasure I have had since the rising of the Parliament. . . . 
 I find by your last letters that you had more early news of 
 a peace at Florence then wee had of any treaty, and therefore 
 I do not wonder to find you so sollicitous to know the particulars. 
 But all which is revealed to us Tramontans amounts to no 
 more but this : 
 
 " The negotiation of the Swedish ambassadors was so farr 
 usefull to Holland as to propose a peace, and his Majestie 
 shewing no aversion to it, the next step was the States writt 
 to the Swedish ambassadors, and enclosed a letter to the King, 
 desiring a treaty of peace at some neutrall place, and this 
 was sent sigillo volante, with directions to deliver or not to 
 deliver it ; according as they should find the contents thereof 
 more or lesse acceptable to his Majesty. The ambassadors 
 dealt playnly with the King, and told him their instructions, and 
 the King as playnly answered they should send the letter back 
 agayn, for he expected they should send to him to London, 
 as they had formerly done to Cromwell. This produced a 
 second and more humble address, wherein they acknowledged 
 it to bee their duty to wait upon his Majesty by their 
 ambassadors at London, but besought him to consider how 
 they were straytened by their allyes." The King then offered 
 to send his ambassadors to the Hague, and this for two ends ; 
 (1) " that the King of France might not seem to governe this 
 whole affair, but that if he would be included in the treaty as 
 an allye, he should likewise send his ambassadors to the Hague, 
 where their authority and influence would be farr lesse then 
 in any other place " ; (2) that his Majesty should have 
 opportunity by his own agents, and the ministers of Spain and 
 Germany " which would be sure to attend as standers by, to 
 negotiate his own interests, and the interests of the Prince of 
 Orange and his party to the full, and many unsuspected visits 
 might be made by the ministers of foraign princes to the 
 cheif men in that republique. And, which imported more 
 than all the rest, De Wyt would have but one voyce at the 
 Hague, whereas, if the treaty were anywhere else, De Wyt 
 would be sure to have a hand in naming most of the 
 Plenipotentiarys, and the place might be so strayt as not to 
 be capable of many foreyn ministers, from whom wee promise 
 ourselves great advantages. 
 
 " The event shews this counsell was well weighed, for nothing 
 ever brought greater joy to the people of Holland, nor greater 
 amazement to De Wyt then this message from the King. 'Tis 
 most certayn that in the debate of it among themselves, 
 many of their cheif men sayd openly that it was a most
 
 456 
 
 Christian offer, and they should never escape the fury of the 
 people if they did any way decline it. The only expedient 
 De Wyt had left was to like the proposition, but withall to 
 desire them to acquaynt their allyes ; and this was agreed, 
 and was the effect of the first answer. A second answer came 
 last night, which, without making any objection to the Hague, 
 desires his Majesty to make choyce of the Buss, Bergen ap 
 Zoon or Breda, which, coming after consultation with the 
 French King, shows the Hollander plainly that all their hopes 
 of peace must depend upon the pleasure of France ; and we 
 expect great effects of this discovery, for now the Dutch begin 
 to see that the King of England seeks not their ruine, nor is 
 averse to any kind of peace, as De Wyt had made them beleive ; 
 but, on the contrary, 'tis De Wyt and his party who are ready 
 to sacrifice their country to the pride and ambition of the 
 French for their own privat ends." I believe the King will 
 reject this last offer, for having once made his choice of the 
 Hague, "to be ledd to another place at the pleasure of the 
 King of France is never to be stooped to," and the Lords of 
 the Council with whom I have spoken are of the same mind. 
 Some think the Dutch mean only to amuse us and prevent our 
 preparation for war, but we are more active than ever, and 
 shall have the best fleet which England can make at sea 
 before May next. On Monday the King goes to Chatham 
 to see three new frigates launched, larger and with more guns 
 than any ships we have. The victualler is more forward than 
 last year ; the Ordnance has 350,000. assigned to it upon an 
 old fund, without touching the 1,800,000. given last session ; 
 the new poll tax is everywhere cheerfully paid and rises high, 
 so that we are in a good condition to make war. 
 
 They say there is some demur at Madrid as to signing the 
 peace which was most advantageously concluded for us as to 
 trade, "and the occasion is taken from an incredible successe 
 which the English planters at Jamaica gayned by a late 
 invasion. . . . Portugal enclines wholly to the French, 
 whose wealth and greatness either corrupts or awes most of 
 the courts in Christendom," but Sir Robert Southwell has 
 orders to see that no peace be concluded with the French, 
 without leaving latitude for the Portuguese to be included 
 in the peace with Spain, if his Majesty can obtain it for 
 them. Sir Robert has spent 8001. of his own money, "which 
 I am now procuring to be repayd, with a settled allowance 
 for the future, in case he stay. Do not you follow his 
 example. 
 
 " All your freinds are well, and my Lord Conway is still 
 in towne. Wee meet often and entertayn ourselves with 
 wishing you here, and contriving preferments for you, one of 
 which, you may be sure, is a good wife. 
 
 " My Lord St. Albans went lately to Paris ; 'tis reported 
 he was robbed by the way of 20,0001. in gold. 'Tis certayn 
 he carryd over a great quantity."
 
 457 
 
 I hope a good peace may shortly bring you home, " to the 
 great comfort of my wife and family and especially of your 
 most entirely loving brother." 3 pp. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son, DANIEL FINCH. 
 
 1666-7, Feb. 22 March 4. Friday." . . . 'Tis 
 possible, and but possible, that wee may have a treaty of peace 
 with the Dutch, concerning which I have written at large to 
 your uncle. But I forgott to tell him who they were whom 
 the King had appoynted for his ambassadors to manage the 
 treaty, viz. my Lord Hollis and Mr. Henry Coventry who was 
 in Sweden. If the treaty proceed I purpose to send your 
 brother Heneage in Mr. Coventry's trayn that he may take 
 that occasion to see all the Low Count rys. If it succeed I 
 shall be glad not only for the publique tranquillity of 
 Christendome but for my particular concernes in you, who 
 will then have an opportunity of making a safe and speedy 
 returne through France and may see that country, which I 
 value rather for the satisfaction of your curiosity then for 
 advantage it can give you in poynt of education. Travelling 
 into many countrys is like reading many books, a thing which 
 very few do profit by unlesse it be those who are so happy 
 as to improve these means by a good conversation. You are 
 happy therefore in the company of Dr. Bayns. who if he be 
 in health, as wee all pray he may be, I presume is now with 
 you at Rome, where you are to present him with the affectionat 
 good wishes of a whole family, which can never be so truly 
 exprest as they will bee when it shall please God we may all 
 meet at Kensington, which is the passionat prayer of your 
 mother and the more then ordinary desire of your truly loving 
 father." 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE EARL LESLEY. 
 
 1666-7, Feb. 24 March 6. Pera. I thank your lordship 
 humbly for the news you have sent me, and for the many 
 favours I have received from you. My wife joins with me 
 in congratulating the good news of the Emperor's marriage. 
 Our little ones are very well, especially Leslie, who thrives 
 very much. My wife is now within two months of lying 
 down. 
 
 " I am exceedingly pleased with the booke your Excellencie 
 sent me, with the curiosity, noblenesse and good contrivance 
 of those representations and the horse ballet, but I am also 
 very glade to heare that his Caesarean Majestic recruits his 
 army and makes ready to deffend himselfe against the proud 
 French, who seeke but to deceive the Emperour and King of 
 Spain and to take a fitt time to wrest some part of theire 
 territories out of their hands when that they thinke themselves 
 the most secure, and if your Excellencie do but consider well 
 the Chronicles, you will find how eassily and slightly the} 7 have
 
 458 
 
 broken theire leagues and confederations when it hath 
 turned them to an account, and this all bookes are full of. 
 Pignarol and several! other places could not have been in 
 their hands if that they had kept their faith. They that 
 will well know theire maximes must study Machiavell, for 
 both the Cardinalls that lately governed there have intro- 
 duced the accursed maxime of Cromwell, Quod est utile 
 honestum." 
 
 Since your Excellency departed, I have not been able to 
 buy one good horse ; they are all either at Court or going for 
 Candia. I intend to try for some of the Turcoman breed, 
 for I despair of getting any Arabs from Aleppo, where my 
 correspondent cannot even procure any for the King. As 
 soon as I find any, your Excellency shall have the best. 
 
 Some wise men here think that if the Grand Signer had a 
 peace with the Venetian, he would undertake a war upon 
 the Poles or the Persian, in order to employ the army. The 
 reputation of the French here is lost and their trade in a fair 
 way to ruin. Letter Book, ii, p. 361. If- pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1666-7, Feb. 28. Aleppo. Orders having come to our 
 Bassa to repair with his forces to Candy, he sent for me and 
 desired me to furnish him with a ship, which he understood 
 was at Scanderoon, to transport himself and a thousand 
 musqueteers. I replied that the small vessel under our 
 protection at Scanderoon was no ways fitting for him to 
 adventure his person upon ; to which he said that the English 
 nation were the Grand Signer's friends, and he hoped " other 
 ships might suddenly arrive to doe him that kindnesse." He 
 treated me with great respect, and spoke slightingly of the 
 French nation, whose consul he sent for after I was returned 
 home, " which offended the Monsieur very much, and although 
 I verily beleive the Bassa is glad there is not any vessels in 
 port at present fitt for him to make use of, yet the two French 
 ships now at Scanderone he will imbarg, to force something 
 considerable from that nation." 
 
 If our general ships arrive at Scanderoon before the Bassa 
 be gone, they will doubtless be taken up for the Grand Signer's 
 service except your Excellency take some order to prevent 
 it. We entreat your commands what to do if these or any 
 other ships should arrive. 1| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to GEORGIO DRAPERIIS. 
 
 1667, March 26. Pera. Having heard that some Turks 
 are come from Cairo to complain concerning the business 
 of Consul Bendysh, he desires Signer Georgio to go to the 
 court and discover their intentions. Letter Book, ii, p. 364. 
 Italian. \ p.
 
 459 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1667, April 4-14. Pera. The French are much more calm 
 than formerly. They daily expect orders whether their 
 ambassador shall return, " or else stay here to disgest more 
 affronts, which will certainly be offered him." Their avanias 
 are not all paid, and more are preparing, " to help them to 
 consume that little treasure which they have left." 
 
 " My wife (God be praised) hath escaped a most dangerous 
 delivery of a daughter, whether by the ignorance of a Jew 
 midwife or malice of that nation to Christians I know not, 
 but much doubt. For the child (I am almost confident) 
 was killed by her in the birth, which had like to have destroyed 
 my wife ; and last year likewise . . . she was also nigh 
 to death, which hath made me to resolve to send her for 
 England as soone as I can possibly, that I may preserve the 
 greatest Jewell that ever I or my family have enjoyed." Also 
 the plague is like to be terrible this year, by reason that we 
 have had no winter, and especially for the abundance of 
 slaves daily brought from Poland, the Jewish ones alone 
 being 10,000. " I cannot expect any advocate at court to 
 assist my interest there [so well], and I am certaine none so 
 affectionate and more judicious of that sexe (if of another), 
 to provide for my sonne and daughter's marriage. Besides, I 
 have had my time of tribulation so long in the Rebellion and 
 the abuses I have suffered in my fortune and now amongst 
 barbarians, that, like to a slave used to his chaines, I doe resolve 
 not to change for the worse untill my debts are payd and my 
 children provided for. . . . For, as I thought my blood 
 to litle to serve his Majestic in his afflictions, so I thinke 
 my self-deniall a litle for some time necessary for the good 
 of my litle ones." I gain ground here, and the Turks are 
 very kind to me, and if I can have a good end in this country, 
 I shall have no small reason to rejoice with those who love 
 our family. None loves you more entirely than I do, and 
 I wish for your sake I had had leave to go into England. 
 Letter Book, ii, p. 364. 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THOMAS GARDEN, merchant in Leopolis 
 [Lemberg]. 
 
 1667, April 23 May 2 (sic). Pera. Thanking him for his 
 offers in regard to the carrying of letters. 
 
 The news of the sinking of Ragusa by an earthquake is 
 feared to be true in a great part ; particulars are daily expected. 
 An abundance of poor slaves daily come out of Tartary, 
 most from your parts. It is a great wonder to wise men 
 that the frontiers of Poland were no better guarded, and 
 that there are no fortifications upon the frontiers of that 
 unfortunate kingdom. 
 
 Prays him to send any news he can collect, but written in 
 such a manner as may not prejudice the Prince of Moldavia in
 
 460 
 
 case the Turks should intercept them; for there are already 
 some jealousies that the Polonians are angry for their late 
 great losses. Letter Book, ii, p. 366. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE COMPANY OF GENEVA. 
 
 1667, April 25. Pera. John Menet, the bearer of this, 
 will assure you of my desire to promote your interests. I 
 would have taken those you recommended into my royal 
 master's protection, but they never desired it. Our religion 
 here is much struck -at by the Papists, but all, I hope, in vain ; 
 for their power is as little as their malice is great. Ibid, 
 p. 367. | p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1667, April 26 May 6. Pera. Most think that peace will 
 be made this summer with Venice. Without doubt, if that 
 the Venetians use their officers and soldiers well, and look 
 out sharp at sea, these here will be fain to strike their top-sails ; 
 but the wise men well know that the Venetian noblemen do 
 distaste all their generals and commanders. This Vizier is a 
 very wise and generous person, and full of courage, and did he 
 but command a well-disciplined army, and understand the 
 modern way of discipline, nothing else were requisite to make 
 [him] as famous as any general in Europe. And I am sure no 
 Christian army can live upon so little meat as these do, and 
 drink only a little water, and yet be strong and lusty. The 
 Illyrian bands were highly extolled by Tacitus and the Roman 
 histories, and the Grand Signer can make many thousands of 
 them and other Europeans, that will endure hardy blows so 
 well that they want nothing but order and government to 
 make them the best infantry in the world. 
 
 Many are of opinion that if the war in Candia be finished, 
 one way or another, a new one will begin, perhaps with Poland. 
 The Tartarians have lately sped so well in their sudden invasion 
 of that kingdom that they also begin to talk of war with it. 
 They know the country, and the Cossacks being discontented 
 and joining with them, "may serve as good guides, and also as 
 fellow-soldiers in the ruin of their own country." All here 
 know that Poland has no fortifications on their frontiers except 
 Caminitz (which is decayed), and that the country is poor, 
 divided into factions, wasted with the late wars and defended 
 only by a discontented army, but they likewise know that an 
 evasion (sic) of Poland with a royal army and a Vizier Azim in 
 the head of it will weaken Germany and Europe, that it may 
 reconcile Moscovy and Poland, and draw upon themselves and 
 the Tartars great wars ; so that it is not certain which course 
 they will take. They may possibly turn towards Persia, and 
 (while the Christians consume themselves) debilitate that 
 country, and so be the more free afterwards to fall on Poland. 
 There is a proverb in this country that "at the long runne, 
 the Grand Signor doth catch a hare with a carte, "and, in earnest,
 
 461 
 
 their patience is much greater and their reach far deeper 
 than most princes in Christendom imagine. I pray you impart 
 this to Lord Arlington, but better digested with your head and 
 pen, for I have written it in a great hurry. Letter Book, ii, 
 p. 367. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA to LORD CHIEF JUSTICE 
 BRIDGEMAN. 
 
 1667, May 16. Belgrade. " Your lordship may easily 
 conjecture with what distraction of joy and sorrow I receaved 
 my sonne, who (God bee praised) was delivered to me safe by 
 my Secretary this llth instant. I could not but with his 
 mother re Joyce heartily to see him, but the occasion was so 
 sad and unexpected and so contradictory to all my former 
 hopes and designes that had I not beene supported with 
 some principles of religion and philosophy I should with 
 much more difficultie have struggled with so soare a 
 displeasure of God's hand upon my family. But yet I am not 
 a little recollected in my thoughts by the comfort of your 
 lordship's most obliging lines of the 26th December past 
 and the cordiall discourses your lordship hath had with my 
 Secretary concerning this unfortunate businesse, in which 
 having understood your lordship's rationall reflections I cannot 
 otherwise declare my sence therein then first by referring 
 absolutely the management of the whole matter to be directed 
 by your lordships singular wisdome and affection towards me, 
 in the which I have likewise craved the assistance of my 
 Lord Treasurer and Mr. Justice Twisden and Mr. Solicitor 
 to be united (as occasion serves) with the councell of your 
 lordship, resigning myselfe wholy to an approbation of 
 whatsoever your lordship conceives necessary and convenient 
 to be determined herein. 
 
 " But so, because your lordship desires to know my 
 inclination in what manner the businesse should be acted, 
 I doe ingeniously declare that my wishes and desires are (if 
 possible) that the marriage be annulled and legall processe 
 made in a criminall way against those who are guiltie of the 
 inveiglement of my sonne, by petitions exhibited both to his 
 Majestie and the Parliament to interpose herein by an 
 extraordinary power ; this, I say, in case your lordship hath 
 by late informations sufficient assurance to believe that our 
 proceedings in this nature are not probable to miscarry, 
 being sensible that if we should be foyled herein, we shall 
 loose all the advantage we can hope for as things stand at 
 present by an amicable treaty. And therefore ... I shall (if 
 there be no other remedy) content myselfe to submit to a 
 composture on conditions of considerable portion, the lowest 
 of which I shall never agree to be under 5,000/., proposing on 
 my part to settle for every thousand pound of portion a 
 hundred pounds yearely of joynture. And that the portion 
 may be raised as high as possible, I judge it convenient that
 
 462 
 
 an action de filio rapto be brought against those who have 
 robbed me of my sonne according to the discourse your lord- 
 ship had with my Secretary, and other menaces and artifices 
 used which may induce them to stretch themselves to the 
 utmost extent of their estate, or else force them into a 
 relinquishment of their pretence of marriage. 
 
 " Upon examination here of my sonne, I cannot learne that 
 he hath accompanied with her since he was 14 years of age, 
 only that in July last he resided some time in the same house, 
 and that one Talbot endited certaine letters for him at 
 Cambridge to Mrs. Windam, which he transcribed and 
 signed with his owne hand, but of what nature or substance 
 they were he remembers not, though wee may easily con- 
 jecture. . . . 
 
 " This is the greatest trust I can confide in any person, 
 and though it is a trouble to your lordship and so great an 
 one that I can never pretend to have deserved so well from 
 your lordship as with this confidence to impose, yet it is so 
 evident a proof e of your vertue, charitie and friendship 
 towards a person unable at this distance to helpe himselfe 
 that the whole world will applaud your goodnesse, and my 
 family for ever be obliged to pray for your lordship and all 
 your relations, and particularly myselfe be beyond all expres- 
 sions bound to remaine." Letter Book, ii, p. 369. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCKLLSEA to THE EARL OF CLARENDON. 
 
 1667, May 16. Belgrade. By my secretary I have received 
 your lordship's obliging letter, and learn of the conference 
 you were kindly pleased to afford him on my affairs. I wholly 
 acquiesce in your determination, esteeming myself infinitely 
 obliged that after so long an absence and at so remote a dis- 
 tance you do not forget me, but consider me still worthy of a 
 place in your memory. 
 
 " I conceive your lordship hath understood of a pretence 
 of marriage made upon my eldest sonne by some unworthy 
 persons, who, having taken advantage upon my absence and 
 minoritie of my sonne, have, before the age of 14 yeares, 
 ensnared in a match no wayes agreeable to his fortune nor 
 quality ; . . . the foulest piece of fraud and abuse that hath 
 been acted in this latter age of the world, and of that nature 
 and example as will not only concerne our nobilitie but all 
 good parents who claime a title in the happy disposall of their 
 children." I doubt not but that your lordship will afford me 
 all favourable assistance by interposing with his Majesty 
 or extending your just authority towards my relief. Ibid. 
 p. 371. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1667, May 16. Belgrade. "My son was this llth instant 
 delivered safe into my hands by my secretary, whose arrivall 
 though as wellcome as unexpected, yet the occasion of it was
 
 463 
 
 so sad to me and my wife that I must desire you to condole 
 with me in it, and comfort me with your best assistance." 
 
 My sense herein (not to trouble you too much), I have 
 written to Lord Bridgeman and desired him to impart to you. 
 I know the multiplicity of greater affairs which take up your 
 time, yet the concernment of this pretended marriage of my 
 son hath that nearness and relation to yourself, that I question 
 not but you will believe it worthy to deserve some few of your 
 precious hours. My son swears to me that he never cohabited 
 with his pretended wife at all. Letter Book, ii, p. 372. f p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE EARL OF SOUTHAMPTON. 
 
 1667, May 16. Belgrade. My secretary has given me your 
 letter, and rendered me an account of my infinite obligations 
 to your lordship, which I shall never be able to requite. 
 
 My son's arrival was as welcome to me and his mother as 
 the occasion was sad. Though the sense of the misfortune 
 he has childishly run into renders me unfit to write to your 
 lordship yet I hope it is not irrecoverable, and I pray you to 
 assist my other friends "to mediate with his Majestic or the 
 Parliament herein, who considering my former sufferings and 
 my present employment . . . may be induced to favour me 
 in acquitting me of this misfortune, drawne wholy upon me 
 by my absence and attendance on mv office." Ibid, p, 373. 
 
 IP. 
 
 THE SAME to CHARLES II. 
 
 1667, May 16. Belgrade. Expressing his " joy and profound 
 reverence " on receiving a letter written with his Majesty's 
 own hand ; and most humbly upon his knees imploring his 
 favour in the matter of his son's pretended marriage. Ibid, 
 p. 373. \ p. [Original in S.P. Turkey.} 
 
 THE SAME to THE DUCHESS OF SOMERSET. 
 
 1667, May 16. Belgrade. "You may easily imagine how 
 much I was surprised to hear of my sonne's inveiglement into 
 a pretended marriage, and were I not now much afflicted, I 
 should be stupide to see that those great dangers and hazards 
 I and my poore wife have voluntarily runne into to pay my 
 debts without the sale of my lands, that so I might make him 
 the more happy in a rich match to raise againe my family, to 
 be in so great a measure lost as to the best and most consider- 
 able part of my game in this world." I shall not further 
 enlarge upon so unpleasant a subject, but rely only upon the 
 pleasure of God, the help of his Majesty, and my friends, to 
 endeavour, if possible, to make void what is past. " And it 
 were very hard if that his sacred Majestic, the Parliament, or 
 the Law, should not find out a remedy for this, and assist one 
 who hath so much suffered for the Crowne, and who, by reason 
 of his foraigne employment in the quality of ambassador hath
 
 464 
 
 been disabled from keeping that diligent watch over the heire 
 of my family which, had I been at home, I should have done. 
 In all parts of Europe, there are many remedies to be found 
 for such, and I hope our country is not to seeke to hinder a 
 childe under age to undoe a family. My son sweareth about 
 two or three in the afternoon that day he was married, and 
 that he was then made drunke by their putting of wine into his 
 beere at that time he was married, and that as soone as the 
 gentlewoman's mother went out of the chamber he ranne out of 
 the room . . . nor doth he know whether she be a man or a 
 woman. I have for your Grace's sake received him kindly, and 
 shall endeavour what I can to give him better breeding." 
 
 I have written to Lord Bridgeman, and pray you to follow 
 his counsel and assist him with your power. I know his great 
 abilities and affection for me, and he knoweth the Law, the 
 Court and the Parliament so well as to deserve the greatest 
 trust. My cousin Solicitor and my cousin Twysden will 
 advise with him, and I desire your ladyship to employ such 
 lawyers as he shall advise. I have ordered my Commissioners 
 to pay all those who are employed by you in this affair. " My 
 wife, by reason of the arrivall of my sonne here, and the 
 probability of my longer stay here, desireth not to leave me, 
 which I am well pleased with, being as unwilling to part with 
 her." Letter Book, ii, p. 375, 1| pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD ARLINGTON. 
 
 1667, May 16. Concerning the " business of Prince Steffano," 
 in which he will observe his Majesty's commands, and his 
 son's " pretended marriage," in the annulling of which he 
 doubts not but to have his lordship's assistance. Ibid. p. 377. 
 1 p. [Original in 8.P. Turkey.] 
 
 CHARLES II. to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667, May 22. Whitehall. Has lately received letters 
 from the King of Poland, stating that he is sending 
 Lord Hierome Radzieuwski as ambassador to the Grand 
 Signor, and praying for Lord Winchilsea's assistance. There- 
 fore recommends his lordship to do the said ambassador all 
 the good offices he can. Sign manual, countersigned by Morice. 
 Seal. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1667, June 7-17. Belgrade. Concerning his son's " pre- 
 tended marriage," to the same effect as in letters above. 
 
 You have guessed well that this misfortune of my son 
 has altered my resolutions, and I conceive that it will be 
 about two years before I shall be ready to leave this place. 
 I wish for your sake and my own that I might have had leave 
 to go to England for a short time, but now know no better 
 way than first to conceal the time of my departure from all
 
 465 
 
 but yourself, and next to send my secretary to you with the 
 letters I write for my revocation, and that you should accom- 
 pany him to England (if you can get licence to go and return 
 again to your employment in case you should miss of this), 
 for I am sure my secretary and my friends can do you more 
 service than you can easily imagine. 
 
 "I doe heartily wish that I might have the government of 
 Tanger (since my Lord Bellassis, you say, doth leave it), for 
 
 1 doubt not but to deport myselfe so as that his Majesty will 
 approve of my service. You may favour me to intimate so 
 much to your brother if it be not too late ; for if I either had 
 that or any other office of considerable value, I would willingly 
 leave this employment next day." Letter Book> ii, p. 379. 
 
 2 pp. 
 
 INSTRUCTIONS to SIGNOR GEORGIO DRAPERHS. 
 
 1667, June 7. Belgrade. To repair to Adrianople and 
 procure (1) order for departure of the London Merchant; (2) a 
 barat for Anthony Bowyer to remain Consul at Cyprus ; (3) a 
 barat for one Harrico to be druggerman at Smyrna. Is to 
 remain at Adrianople until further orders, and to visit the 
 Polonian ambassador when he arrives. Ibid. p. 378. 1 p. 
 
 EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE MARCHESE DURAZZO. 
 
 1667, June 7. Belgrade. Congratulating him on his return 
 home after the honourable termination of his embassy, and 
 thanking him for the delicious Italian wine, in which he has 
 drunk to his Excellency's health and prosperous journey. 
 Ibid, p. 381. Italian, f p. 
 
 NOTES of LETTERS, 
 
 1667, June 22. Memorandum of letters of this date, sent 
 by Captain Hill. Amongst others : 
 
 " To Lady Duchess [of Somerset] . . . that Lady Mary's* 
 corps were sent into England upon the London Merchant, 
 Capt. Hill commander, and her Grace was desired to convey 
 them to Eastwell in her coach, where they may be decently 
 buried. 
 
 " To Capt. Toke and Capt. Hulse, that the reliques of 
 Lady Mary were sent into England, and that they should bury 
 them decently at Eastwell, with the ceremonies of the church, 
 but privately and without expences, excepting 51. to the poore 
 of the parish." Ibid. % p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667, June 24. Aleppo. It is said that the Vice-King of 
 Goa is sending a fleet to revenge injuries done him by the 
 Arabs at Muscat, in the Persian Gulf. The Arabs have perfect 
 knowledge of their designs and have prepared for their coming. 
 
 * The Earl's third daughter, who had died of the plague. 
 Wt. 29495, ri 30
 
 466 
 
 If the Portugals recover Muscat (which was formerly theirs), 
 they will easily force the Persians at Congo to make them 
 satisfaction likewise for injuries done them. 
 
 The late Dutch ambassador to the Persian Court is dead at 
 Gombroone, and some of the French gentlemen are there 
 still, despairing that none of their long expected ships appear. 
 
 I have received an express from Sir Jar vis Lucas, Governor 
 of Bombain, who arrived the 5th of November, and had made 
 good progress in regulating the disorders there. 
 
 The Persian King, Shaw Abas, having made a very large 
 incursion into the Mogul's dominions, Orang Shaw has diverted 
 the army going against Edel Shaw, King of Decan, for the 
 defence of his own empire. Otherwise, as soon as he had 
 "prevailed upon Decan," he meant to have fallen upon the 
 Portugueses country, who are in a very miserable condition. 
 
 The Hollanders (having received no relief out of Europe 
 these three years) are also much dejected, and I am told that 
 the French gentleman that went to the Mogul's court with 
 their King's letters had no admittance. Not a French ship 
 was arrived in India by my last letters (of Nov. 30), although 
 lePereFra. Ambroisde Priali (?), Capucins miniones Apostolique 
 de la mission de les Orienteles, kept boats out all through 
 September to pilot them in. 
 
 The general ships, the Zante frigate and Golden Fleece, 
 arrived safely at Scanderoon on the 7th past, and have 
 unladen without any interruption from the Emyn. They 
 are now in lading, and we hope may meet and keep company 
 with the general ships from Smyrna. 
 
 Eight days ago, " one of the viziers of the Bench who came 
 this circuit " was in Aleppo, by whom I was treated with very 
 great respect ; but " the French consul was much slighted 
 when he gave them their visitt. ... I thanke God we passe 
 very well at present with the ministers here." 
 
 I am heartily sorry about the contagion ; God in mercy 
 preserve your Excellency's family from it, and if her 
 Excellency returns for Europe, give her a safe and prosperous 
 voyage. 3 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE ADMIRAL OF THE 
 VENETIAN FLEET. 
 
 1667, July 1. On behalf of one Antonio Foscolo, who 
 served in the household of his predecessor [Sir T. Bendyshe]. 
 Eight years ago an edict was published that all of the island 
 of Tino [one of the Cyclades] should repair thither on pain of 
 confiscation of their goods. Foscolo embarked for the pur- 
 pose, but on the way the ship touching at another island, he 
 was taken by Captain Georgio, who had an order to seize all 
 foreigners there and send them to the galleys. 
 
 Being now appealed to by the poor man's widowed mother 
 and brother, and considering that it will be a work of charity 
 and justice to procure the liberty of an innocent person after
 
 467 
 
 eight years of misery he confidently appeals to his Excellency's 
 benignity and clemency to console the afflicted and do justice. 
 Letter Book, ii, p. 382. Italian, f p. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1667, July 5-15, Friday. Your mother is gone with your 
 sister and your brothers William and John to the Bath, to 
 meet your Aunt Dering. 
 
 " I think of removing your brother William from Oxford 
 altogether, and to bring him to the Temple at Michaelmas, 
 when my new lodgings will be finished, where I keep a speciall 
 apartment for you, and would be glad to see you there." 
 
 You may dismiss your servant Pickering, if you choose, 
 " but do it like a gentleman, and furnish him with mony for 
 his retume decently, that he may have no cause to complain 
 of you. 
 
 " I am glad your uncle did so soon recover his indisposition. 
 Hee is happy that he can give himself ease upon such occasions ; 
 my fate will not suffer me to rest for a litle distemper, but I 
 must either work it out or lett it forme itselfe into a fitt of 
 sickness. Yet, I thank God, I have had more health this. last 
 year and have now than I could reasonably expect. I would 
 to God Dr. BajTis were freed from the payns of the stone, 
 and from all apprehensions of its returne." 1 p. 
 
 ELIZABETH, LADY FINCH, to her husband, SIR HENEAGE 
 FINCH, at his lodgings in the Inner Temple. 
 
 1667, July 6. Bath. " My dear heart, according to your 
 commands here I send you an account of your poor children. 
 For Betty I know noe good it workes upon her yet, but for 
 Will and John it does very well with ; it has taken away a 
 great deal of John's yellownesse and makes him very merry ; 
 he is the onely mirth wee have in the Bath, he is so taken 
 with his guide that teaches him to swimme that he commends 
 him so much that he desires me to take him to be my guide. 
 I have been in the bath but once my selfe. Your newes is 
 very acceptable here at Bath, for their is no newes beleived 
 but what you writte. There was one that examined me 
 what my newes was, and wondered that there should be a 
 peace, when he had ill news in a letter that was sent to him ; 
 his news here was little regarded being he was knowne to be a 
 presbyterian. I should be very glad if our time were spente, 
 for I long to be with 3 r ou. I am glad to heare the little ones 
 are well. I should be very glad also to heare of Daniel and 
 Heneage. Pray send me word how you are in health, because 
 I hear by your letter you rise early and goe to bed late, and 
 I doutt you study to hard, which I am sure will prejudice 
 your health, which I pray have a care of, for ther is nothing 
 I value in this woorld but your long life and health which 1 
 alwayes pray for, and am your faythfull and affectionate 
 Elizabeth Finch,"
 
 468 
 
 Postscript. "Your children remember their duties to you, 
 and my blessing to your children. My sister Bering's kind 
 love and my neice Southwell's service." 1J pp. 
 
 ELIZABETH, LADY FINCH, to her husband, SIB HENEAGE 
 FINCH, at his lodgings in the Inner Temple. 
 
 1667, July 10, Wednesday. " I am very well pleased to 
 thinke that halfe the time is spent, because now I can have 
 some thoughts of coming home. James has agreed with a 
 coachman here that will carry us att a cheaper rate then he 
 that brought mee downe did. Wee shall be att Kensington 
 on Saturday, July 20th. ... I would faine know from you 
 when we come up ... whether I should pay all or lett my 
 sister pay shares. The Bath has very little company, but wee 
 look for a very rich lady to-day, the Lady Portman, she that 
 was Mrs. Cutler. Wee plye the bath every day, the weather 
 is very hotte here, but wee refresh our selves daily with the 
 thoughts of in joying your company with my childrens, and 
 the fresh air you have att Kensington. I had writte to you 
 on Monday laste, but my sister Bering invited me to a pasty 
 of venison, with which wee staid soe long that I could not 
 gett time enough away to write before the letters were gone. 
 The best news here is that we are all well. I never wished my 
 selfe so heartily to be a good scribe till now, for as I am now 
 I am not able to expresse soe much love and tenderness as I 
 have for you." 1 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME, at his lodgings in Inner 
 Temple Lane. 
 
 1667, July 13. "This letter for fear the other should 
 miscarry is to give you notice of our coming up, which is 
 not joyfull onely to me but all here. ... As for the meeting 
 of me, I should be very glad of, but that I fear the weather 
 is to hot for you, but if it be your pleasure, I would not have 
 you come further then Colebrooke, because the lodgings are 
 very unpleasant. . . . You have not so much pleasure with 
 your pidgeon but I have as much with John, who dances, 
 sings, entertaines all the company and brings all the beggars 
 in the towne to me ; and since he has heard that Charles 
 was cheife chaplaine att Kensington, he will be soe here ; 
 because he is afraid that his brother Charles should out-doe 
 him ; soe he prays to God to blesse the King and his owne 
 inheritance, and is so well pleased with his guide that he 
 is resolved to speake that he might be the Kings guide. 
 Sir Edward Hungerford this day sente me halfe a buck, to 
 which John invited the parson of the towne and our landlady. 
 I hope you will pardon all things, especially my telling your 
 newes. I hope I shall not hereafter displease you either in 
 word or deed, but shall alwayes stody to love and obey you, 
 and to be your most loving and obedient Elizabeth Finch." 
 
 U PP<
 
 469 
 
 SIR HENEAQE FINCH to his son, DANIEL FINCH. 
 
 1667, July 15-25. Friday. " Yours with the account of 
 your celebration of July 2-12* I received. ... I have my 
 shares in the joy of that day, so I should bee sorry to see another 
 revolution of it while you continue abroad ; it being now 
 high time you should return and settle yourselfe in such a way 
 as may make your life most usefull and satisfactory. I hope 
 the peace will both facilitat and hasten your return. ... As 
 I have no greater joy in this world then what I place in my 
 hopes of you, so the desire of seeing you do well is one of the 
 greatest reasons I have to wish for life ; which, whether it 
 shall please God to make it longer or shorter, I am sure it 
 can never outlast the tender affection which I have for you." 
 p. Seal with crest. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to CAPT. TUCK and 
 CAPT. HULSE. 
 
 1667, Aug. 1. Belgrade. Sending them proposals as to 
 his estate in Kent and Sussex. Amongst others : 
 
 Whether it may be his interest to join with Sir John Hotham 
 in the enclosure of Grans wick, or whether this would prejudice 
 the improvements at Watton. 
 
 Whether Burntbutts may be made suitable for himself 
 and a small family of about 20 or 30 persons, or what other 
 place within five or six miles may be convenient and health- 
 ful for him to hire ; since (God willing) he intends to live 
 privately in those parts at his return or to make frequent 
 journeys thither. 
 
 The house and gardens at Eastwell are to be kept in good 
 order, and if they judge fit, he would have the great lanthorn 
 on the top of the hall taken down and the void place covered 
 with tiles until his return, when he will give orders for one of 
 a different fashion. Hopes his red deer are sold or destroyed ; 
 and for the fallow deer, does not desire to keep more than 
 1,000 or 1,200. All horses, mares and colts "which are not 
 very handsome " are to be sold off. 
 
 [Other directions for the improvement of his estates.] 
 
 " I thinke itt now high time to marry my daughter, and 
 were not her portion as yet unprovided, I should in the first 
 place recommend the care of that weighty matter to her 
 grandmother." Howsoever, that she and others may see 
 I do what I can in it, I have drawn 1,OOOZ. on the Turkey 
 Company, and desire you to add 1,5001. from the arrears of 
 my rents, to which I will also give my bond for another 2,500/. 
 in a year's space, and hope upon these terms and the good 
 management of my Lady Duchess, to perform this great 
 concernment. Letter Book, ii, p. 383. 4 pp. 
 
 * Daniel Finch was born on July 2, 1G47.
 
 470 
 
 THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA to THE POLISH AMBASSADOR. 
 
 1667, Aug. 1. Belgrade. Thanking him for his letters 
 and congratulating him on his arrival at the Ottoman Porte. 
 Letter Book, ii, p> 329. Latin. I p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE DUCHESS OF SOMERSET. 
 
 1667, Aug. 3. Belgrade. "I have wrote lately to your 
 Grace by severall conveighances and sent duplicates, but if 
 by reason of the great affliction I have in this misfortune of 
 my sonne I should have committed many errours therein, 
 I hope your great goodnesse will both pitty and pardon mee. 
 When your Grace seriously reflects upon my condition, how 
 willingly and cheerefully I embraced all honourable occasions 
 to pay my debts and to make my selfe miserable that I might 
 make my posterity happy, and that when I was not so fortunate 
 to have any employment cast upon mee in England that 
 would find mee bread, how readily I embraced his Majesties 
 great favour of this Embassie, your ladysbippe will confess 
 I have done my part. For (Madam) though I did set the best 
 face I could upon itt, yet I well knew that I was to last a bitter 
 cupp, to take leave of my children and nearest relations and 
 friends, and to exchange my native countrey when it was the 
 best worth enjoying, to live amongst barbarians, and to endure 
 the hazards of pestilentiall sicknesses, with troubles innumer- 
 able. Was not this to suffer? I dare boldly say that those 
 who succeede mee, when they have bien heere but halfe the 
 tyme I have, will have cause enough to complaine. 
 
 " The occasion I came hither was chiefly for debts con- 
 tracted for his sacred Majestie and spent for his service in the 
 heat and greatest danger of the grand rebellion. I was forced 
 to trust to many gentlemen, for else had I drawne my sword 
 I should have had but few companions, and you may easily 
 believe that the course I tooke must needes bee full of expence 
 as well as of danger. Yet I was resolved rather to starve 
 then to beg a recompense for my loyaltye, and though at 
 Essex-house before the rising of Sir George Booth the Lord 
 Mordant very kindly before the Lord Willoughby of Parham 
 told mee that he had power from his Majestie to promise mee 
 a good employment at his returne, and desired mee to beg 
 something, for now was the tyme, I offered myself e freely 
 with my life and fortune and refused any bargaine for recom- 
 pense ; onely said that when his Majestie was restored I should 
 bee sufficiently happy, and then what his Majestie pleased 
 to doe for mee of himselfe should bee honour enough, for I 
 served his sacred person onely for affection, and because 
 I knew it my duty, and that no gaine could move mee to 
 more then what I should doe freely. Yet (Madam) others 
 that had not the like modesty and were not able to have 
 brought so many into the field as I nor spent so much mony, 
 are well provided for at home. But I remaine abroad upon
 
 471 
 
 the out guards for my royall masters service with more 
 satisfaction and content then they, since I am conscious of 
 having done what I was able for our soveraigne without any 
 alloy of base interest, which is a greater comfort to mee then 
 the best preferment in England would have bien without the 
 sincerity I have ever used towards my most gracious master. 
 
 " I am now so used to a melancholy life, partly during the 
 rebellion in England and now heere for nigh seven yeares in 
 this great solitude and retirement, that I do often think it 
 most happy for mee to live privately in some part of England 
 at my returne and leaving off the world. And I assure your 
 Grace that wee can better bee contented in some remote corner 
 of England or Christendome with only bread and water then 
 heere with the greatest plenty, for heere is neither a healthy 
 place nor any society. Yet I shall consider a little longer 
 when to write for my revocation, though I thinke not to stay 
 heere at most above two yeares." 
 
 [Explains the steps he is making to provide 5,000/. for his 
 daughter's portion, when her Grace " shall marry her," which 
 he leaves wholly to her. Considering his condition, this is a 
 great portion, but he is very willing " to suffer a great deal 
 for so good a child."] Letter Book, ii, p. 387. 3 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1667, Aug. 8. Belgrade. Had that scandal been really 
 given by Dr. Pickering and his wife so near to me as Smyrna, 
 it would hardly have escaped my knowledge, whose business 
 it is to inspect into the lives and behaviour of all subjects of 
 his Majesty's, living in Turkey. The Company once before 
 requested me to remove Pickering, but believing the report to 
 proceed from Broadgate's malice, and Mr. Luke, a religious and 
 worthy divine at Smyrna "giving me to understand of 
 Pickering quite contrary to the character was passed of him at 
 London," I was willing to suspend for a time my farther 
 prosecution of him, not to draw upon myself the guilt of 
 ruining a man in his practice and livelihood without a just 
 conviction of reason. But now that the Company continue 
 to press their removal, seconded by you (whose judgment 
 can, at any time, make me deny my own), I have given him 
 positive orders to depart, only giving him liberty to stay 
 there some months to settle his affairs. In the meantime, 
 my wife needing a serving woman has sent for Mrs. Pickering 
 to come and serve her until she can be otherwise provided. 
 
 I am now almost three years in arrear of my gratuity, 
 and therefore, not to let the debt grow too great, have drawn 
 on the Company a bill of 1,000. sterling towards my daughter's 
 portion, which I design shall be 5,0001. Upon these terms 
 I doubt not but my Lady Duchess may receive proposition 
 for her marriage with any family of estate and honour. 
 
 " I have received a letter from my Cousin Finch at 
 Florence, convincing me that in the state of my affairs through ~|
 
 472 
 
 the unhappy match of my son, it is necessary for me to remain 
 here for some time, " though I am much tired and glutted with 
 this country, wherein I am yerely exposed to the danger of the 
 plague and empaire my health, enjoying neither exercise nor 
 pleasing conversation ; yet I will not resolve when to returne 
 untill I have your and my friends' advice or that my debts are 
 quite discharged." Also the great loss I have received in so 
 near and dear a relation and friend as that of my Lord 
 Treasurer, puts me much off from thinking of returning. There 
 is not time for me to condole with my sister Southampton, so 
 I will not open my packet, which was sealed before I received 
 this sad news. Letter Boole , ii, p. 389. 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD ARLINGTON. 
 
 1667, Aug. 19. Yarlichioi. Lamenting the deaths of the 
 two hopeful Princes* and of the Lord Treasurer. Has received 
 his lordship's letter desiring that Prince Stephano of Moldavia 
 should be restored to the Principality, and will attend the 
 most proper opportunity to effect it, but to avoid mistakes 
 concerning the deserts of this person, gives his true history. 
 [Narrates his rebellion against his master, Prince Lupoli, his 
 first success and ultimate flight, and the establishment of the 
 son of Lupoli as prince. Stephano was only the son of a 
 shepherd and was advanced by his master, which makes his 
 ingratitude the worse, and the present jealousies in Poland 
 render it impossible at the moment to effect anything.] 
 Ibid. p. 393. 2 pp. [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY MORICE. 
 
 1667, Aug. 19. Yarlichioi. I am sorry to begin by con- 
 doling with you of the death of our two most hopeful princes. 
 God in his mercy produce other branches from the royal stock 
 in the most direct and straight line. " I must likewise, before 
 my eyes are dry, condole awhile the death of my good Lord 
 Treasurer, which was untimely in respect of the present 
 necessitie of so wise and faithfull a counsellor, and though, in 
 respect of the publike, no private losse is considerable, yet I 
 cannot but lament so good and faithfull a friend, endeared to 
 mee with all tyes imaginable of affection and alliance." 
 
 I have received his Majesty's orders to assist the affairs 
 and the late embassy of Poland, and have done all I could, 
 considering my distance from the Court. I send you an account 
 of what has been transacted and of the present state of Poland. 
 Ibid. p. 394. 1 p. 
 
 Enclosing, 
 
 A relation of the success of the Embassy from the King 
 of Poland to the Grand Signor. 1667. 2 pp. 
 
 * The Dukes of Cambridge and Kendal, sons of the Duke of York.
 
 473 
 
 THE EABL OP WINCHILSEA to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1667, Aug. 20-30. Yerlichioi. Concerning the death of 
 the young princes and of the Lord Treasurer. 
 
 "I thanke God I have learned patiently to support the 
 unfortunate miscarriage of my sonne, resolving, if his childish 
 disposall of himself e prove a marriage, that his folly shall not 
 prejudice his younger brothers, but that he shall beare his owne 
 burden and have so much deducted out of the estate I designed 
 him for his brothers' maintenance, as his wife's portion falls 
 short of the summe I expected by a match of my choosing." 
 
 My stay here cannot but greatly advantage my estate, 
 yet I am resolved not to be such a slave to the world as to 
 stay after my debts are paid, for this country is barbarous, 
 destitute of society and hazardous from the plague, and since 
 I have forced myself to pass seven years with patience in 
 banishment, I may be acquitted in the judgment of the 
 world of having sufficiently done and suffered for the good 
 of my posterity, and particularly of my eldest son, who so 
 early contrived to ruin himself. When free from debt, I shall 
 be able to save, whether I live in Italy or in the more remote 
 and cheap parts of England. I may not gain money so fast 
 as here, yet my life may be longer and my gains of greater 
 continuance. The consideration of which, and the advantages 
 in the education of my sons, determine me to quit this office 
 as soon as I have fulfilled the design for which I undertook it. 
 
 The seas being made dangerous by the wars, I shall not 
 expose my wife in a voyage to England, and as I intend to 
 stay here only until the beginning of the year 1669, "I am 
 inclined to venture my wife and children with mee untill my 
 departure, who are the chief e consolation I enjoy in this 
 melancholy country," and then (God willing) we shall embark 
 together, and the ship which carries me to Italy (which I 
 desire to pass through for the benefit of my son) shall carry 
 them for England. Meanwhile, I am infinitely covetous of 
 Dr. Baines' company, to supply the place of Secretary Ricaut, 
 gone to be Consul of Smyrna, but if he shall not think fit 
 to trouble himself with the concernments of a secretary, let 
 him yet come as my friend and companion, only to see this 
 country. I am glad the watch was so welcome to you, and 
 the balsam. What you took for a gum is also a Mecha balsam, 
 taken out of the seraglio, but very ancient. 
 
 Postscript. Since I wish to show my son Italy, in my return 
 home, I desire your opinion whether I might ask his Majesty's 
 permission to lay down the office of ambassador for a month's 
 time, so as that I may visit Rome, having the example of my 
 Lord Holies in France, who obtained his Majesty's licence 
 to put off the character of ambassador for one day, to fight a 
 duel with a monsieur. If this cannot be done, and if I 
 cannot conveniently stay incognito at some near place, as at 
 Frascati or Tivoli, until my son has seen Rome, then I shall 
 land at Leghorn, and after some short stay go post for England,
 
 474 
 
 there lay down my commission and return again to see all 
 Italy ; but I Would save the charges and trouble of a second 
 journey if I can. Letter Book ) ii, p. 398. 3 pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667, Aug. 22. Aleppo. Our general ships, Zante frigate, 
 Golden Fleece and Tunis Merchant are laden, and I believe 
 will sail to-morrow. They are very rich ships ; pray God 
 they arrive in safety. I believe they intend for Smyrna, our port 
 of Scanderoon not being safe for any ships if an enemy should 
 attempt them, there not being the least defence on shore to 
 protect them. 
 
 Our enemies the French have given out "how that the 
 Dutch fleet had surprised, burnt and taken a great part of his 
 Majestyes fleets and stores in the river of Thames, which we 
 hope will prove false. . . . The Dutch are more modest in 
 their report, who give out four men of warr to be taken and as 
 many burnt." 
 
 We were very sorry to hear of the death of Consul Cave, but 
 glad to hear your Excellency had so well provided the factory 
 with Mr. Ricaut. Pray God send him health and prosperity. 
 I am infinitely obliged for your kind invitation to Stamboul ; 
 the unsettled condition of affairs in England, occasioned by 
 the late calamities and the present war have made me resolve 
 to stay in these parts some time longer. 
 
 From India I hear of great mortality amongst the Dutch 
 soldiers in Sumatra, where they treacherously settled them- 
 selves. They are sending thither a second expedition but 
 'tis believed it will have little better effect than the first, the 
 people being alarmed and resolutely bent against them. The 
 King of Macassar denies them any treaty for settling there ; 
 the King of Bantam and some others had not publicly declared 
 themselves, but it is believed that the appearance of a fleet 
 of our King's in India, or the assurance that we had well 
 beaten the Dutch at home, would encourage them all to an 
 absolute breach. 
 
 The Dutch have sent another embassy to China with a 
 great present, to appease the Emperor's wrath, "for their 
 insolency on a certain island towards China," and to endeavour 
 to procure admittance of trade in his dominions. At Jambee, 
 the Dutch are practising to out us, and under the notion of a 
 house, have raised a castle at the river's mouth, which is like 
 to prove of great import. They have taken Polleroon into 
 their possession ; the English (but 27 persons) agreeing to 
 deliver it up, with what was the Company's, but to be trans- 
 ported, with their own goods, to Bantam, which was 
 accordingly done. At the Island Damon the Dutch have 
 cruelly used and destroyed most of the inhabitants, because 
 they stood up for the English interest, yet they [the Dutch] 
 had the impudence to protest against the English for having 
 encouraged those natives to rebellion. Fort St. George
 
 475 
 
 remains as it did, but Bombain is in better hands and a safer 
 condition. The Dutch have not attempted aught against 
 it so far. 
 
 The Portugals have a new Vice King at Goa, who ever since 
 his arrival has been gathering forces and ships together. Some 
 believe he intends against Muscat, others fancy he designs 
 against the Dutch at Cocheene and Zeilon [Ceylon]. Sir 
 George Oxinden writes "that the timely advice I gave him of 
 the prosperous successe our forces have had against the Dutch 
 have in some measure bridled the mouths of our enemies, 
 . . . who otherwise, by their outward signes of joy, bonfires, 
 fireworks and great ordinance . . . would incline those people 
 to beleive a lye. 
 
 " Sevage is gott loose againe in his owne territory es, and 
 threatens a second time to visitt Surat by sea and land, which 
 make the people of that place upon every rumour to run 
 away." The Mogul was some months since making great 
 preparations against the Persians, for indignities put upon 
 his ambassador, but upon news of the King of Persia's death, 
 he proceeded not on that design. He hath an army still against 
 the King of Decan, but there has been no action this year. 
 
 From Cassumbuzar they write that the Dutch factory at 
 Metchalepatan was besieged by the Moors, to revenge the 
 loss of many of their people of good quality lost in a ship 
 coming from Mecca, which ran aground to save herself from 
 a vessel under French colours, but which they declare to have 
 been a Dutchman ; "it being an old practice for the Dutch 
 to put up English and other colours to render all other nations 
 the more odious, being unwilling to have any pretenders in 
 their trade." 
 
 " There hath bin many strange sights and apparitions in 
 severall parts of India, as also dreadfull earthquakes, devouring 
 whole townes with the inhabitants. At Agra, at three in the 
 afternoone was so thick a darknes in all those parts that none 
 was able to see his owne hand, which lasted halfe an ho lire, 
 and desolved in a tempest. This last yeare it hath pleased 
 God to send such raines and overflowings of the river Conusiall 
 that it hath carryed away whole townes, people, cattle, and 
 undone a great part of the country. At Pattava [? Batavia] 
 and those parts was so great a storme that it hath rowled the 
 houses of that great citty into heapes, and blowne down both 
 the English and Dutch houses there. 
 
 "The Persian army made a very ,great inroade in the 
 Moguls country, carrying all before him ; the King of Vizapore 
 fell on the Mogull on one side, and the King of Gulcondah 
 was expected on the other." 
 
 The English agent at Spahaune writes that there was arrived 
 from Bombain, Ensign Thomas Price, sent by Sir Jar vis Lucas, 
 the governor, who is on his way to this place ; but his guide 
 having (as I hear) died on the way, it may prove a perilous 
 and tedious journey.
 
 476 
 
 The affairs at the Persian Court "goes settling daily." 
 The way to India is open again, and the Mogul's ambassador 
 is shortly expected. At Gombroone the Dutch have been 
 very insolent upon the news of the fire in London, giving 
 out that they burnt the city, and " affirming they had obtained 
 four great victoryes against the English, in which they had 
 taken and sunke about a hundred of our best ships, killed 
 8,000 men, taken as many more prisoners, blockt up the rest," 
 and then fired London. They made a figure, which they 
 said was the King of England, and burnt it publicly, forcing 
 back the soldiers of the Governor, who (upon complaint of 
 the English) had sent to forbid them to fire the figure. The 
 Governor, having orders to treat all strangers courteously, 
 restrained his servants from falling upon the Dutch, and has 
 sent to the King for orders, but bids our nation be of good 
 cheer, as they shall assuredly have justice done them. It is 
 hoped the Dutch may lose their privileges. Were it not for 
 their large presents, they would soon be turned out of the 
 country. The Dutch at the Mogul's Court, by a great present 
 to the chief lord, have hindered the French gentlemen from 
 having audience, and they are returned to Surat. One of 
 them, M. Bebii, was set upon by rogues and hardly escaped 
 with his life ; the other, M. de la Boly, is gone for Bengal, and 
 their negotiations in India as backward as ever. 
 
 The other French gentlemen, M. Mariage and M. de la Ley, 
 were still at Gombroone, whence one intended for Shiraz 
 and the other for Surat. 
 
 As to Mr. Frampton, I am certain that his returning to 
 Aleppo is in order to the looking after a nephew of his, who 
 has been made factor marine at Scanderoon, but I will sound 
 him thoroughly and then give your Excellency a further account. 
 
 Our letters from London, to the 17th June, advise us how 
 unhappily some of his Majesty's best ships have been destroyed 
 by the Dutch in and about Chatham, and that they have 
 taken the Royal Charles. 
 
 The peace between us and Spain for commerce is ratified, 
 and we have liberty to trade freely to the West Indies. " The 
 citty of London goes up amaine in building, and the new Royall 
 Exchange will far surpass the former. Letters from Amster- 
 dam say that the English and French ambassadors have 
 quarrelled at Breda, where several of their followers have been 
 slain, and one of the ambassadors wounded, but mention 
 not which. 
 
 As I have had no advices from the Company whether the 
 general ships were to stay at Scanderoon or depart, but only 
 reports in letters to the merchants, I have called a court, and 
 the greater number are of opinion that they had best stay in 
 port twenty days, in which time we shall doubtless have the 
 Company's orders. I have acquainted the commanders, but 
 have not yet got their answer. "Pray God direct them for 
 their safety."
 
 477 
 
 I humbly beg to remind you of a person in this factory 
 named Mr. John Newman, " who I am confident would fitt your 
 Excellencie in all respects, he being well skilled in languages, 
 Latin, French, Italian, and of so cleane and free a style in our 
 English tongue that I scarce thinke it possible to find a better. 
 For his person, he is of a good stature and aspect. Of age, about 
 thirty-two years. His cariage sober and inoffensive, so that 
 whether your Excellencie desire a secretary or a tutour for 
 my young lord, he is every way capable, being adorned with 
 much good humane learning. . . . His employments are but 
 small here, and of little advantage to him. 
 
 I have this morning received a letter from the commanders, 
 who conceive it safest to sail immediately to join our general 
 ships at Smyrna, a secure port, where they hope to receive 
 the Company's orders. I have therefore, with consent of the 
 factory, licenced their departure. " Pray God be their guide 
 and prevent them from their enemies." 10 pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667, Sept. 12. Aleppo. ". . . Concerning the diamond 
 engraved with his Majesties armes which you mencion, Mr. 
 Stephen Flower (chief for the Company at Gombroone) 
 acquainted me that he had got a sight of it, when it was in 
 the hands of Taverneir, and agreed with him for the price of 
 1,500 dollars or thereabouts, but one Van Wike, comandore 
 for the affaires of the Dutch, at whose house Taverneir lay at 
 Gombroone, got it in his possession, and prevented Mr. Flower 
 of having it." 
 
 [Relates shortly the affair of the blank packets taken to 
 Surat, with reference to letter of Oct. 12, 1666. See p. 439 
 above.] 
 
 If he goes to Smyrna, on his return, I have asked Mr. Ricaut 
 to examine him how he came by the diamond, and what is 
 become of it, as I likewise will do if he comes this way. Neither 
 French nor Dutch ships dare stir out of Scanderoone or Tripoli, 
 for Hassan Rice with two considerable ships lies between 
 Cyprus and Scanderone " to looke for purchase." This is 
 the pirate who took two French vessels into Alexandria, and 
 there murdered all on board one of them, " and hath since 
 armed himselfe out from Scio and Smyrna, upon the like 
 designe." 3 pp. 
 
 PAUL RYCAUT* to THE SAME. 
 
 1667, Sept. 13. Smyrna. On the 5th instant I arrived 
 at the castle of Smyrna, where I found a house ready to receive 
 me. Next morning the whole factory met me and, after a 
 handsome collation, escorted me with about 100 horse and 
 six trumpeters through the streets, " which was such an 
 appearance as hath never before beene scene of Franks in that 
 
 * From this time, he always spells his name thus.
 
 478 
 
 place since this Empire fell into the hands of the Turks . . . 
 and in all our nation I observed that cheerefullnesse at my 
 reception, that from thence I gather and conjecture a happy 
 omen to all my designes and successes here." The Genoese 
 consul sent to meet and congratulate me, and yesterday 
 the Dutch consul sent to salute me, with excuses that 
 " he was deceived by the French, whom he expected should 
 send first," but having understood that they had changed 
 their mind, he was resolved, though late, to offer his respect ; 
 to which I replied that I accepted his compliment and excuse, 
 being sure that he would not be " maliciously defective in his 
 ceremonies towards me and my nation. The French Jesuites 
 did likewise yesterday complement me, though their consul 
 as yet hath taken no notice of me." 
 
 I conceive that you already know of the quarrel between 
 us and the French. Their chief revenge is to deny conveyance 
 of our letters on their ships. 
 
 My baratz is not yet come, which hinders my audience with 
 the Kadee, until which time I cannot stir abroad to take the 
 fresh air. "There is a strange mysterie of misfortune in this 
 baratz, by which I guesse at the trouble we are like to find in 
 all other businesses to be negotiated at Adrianople " unless 
 you despatch Antonio thither. We hear that Ragusa is in a 
 very good condition, the Turks having been able to do nothing 
 against it. 3J pp. 
 
 RICHARD LANGLEY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667, Sept. 13. Smyrna. Expressing the satisfaction of 
 the factory with the appointment of Mr. Rycaut as their 
 consul. His carriage "is so civill and engaging as not to 
 leave a dissenting person." 1 p. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1667, Sept. 13-23. Friday. There is scarce one day in 
 the week wherein your mother and I do not heartily wish 
 you at home, "the two years allowd for your whole voyage 
 being now expird, and wee think the rest of that precious 
 time which you spend abroad can add little more either to 
 your satisfaction or improvement. This makes us impatient 
 wee can gett your uncle recalled, with whom it is most 
 decent you should return, but if that cannot be obtaynd (as 
 yet it cannot), I should be sorry to see you loose much more 
 time in expectation of the court resolutions." 
 
 You complain that your brother wrote no oftener to you 
 from Breda, but he wrote very little to me also, " and was 
 never master of much intelligence, the whole negotiation of 
 the treaty being kept very privat ; . . . but if you 
 knew the value he setts upon the letter you sent him, you 
 would swear that never any younger brother had so true a 
 respect for his elder. . . . Let him never have any cause
 
 479 
 
 to fear you are dissatisfyd with him for I shall think I provide 
 very ill for him when I dy if I do not leave him a great share 
 in your affections. 
 
 " This night our ambassadors are returned from Holland, 
 and last night your brother took post hors at Gravesend and 
 came to us to Kensington, very weary but in good health. 
 . . . Your Uncle Bering and his family are with me ; he 
 is going for Ireland next Monday." 1 p. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1667, Sept. 19-29. Friday. " Yours of Sept. 6, n.s. I 
 received about three days since, and shall have occasion to 
 make great use of the news you sent me. . . , 
 
 " I do very much approve your desire of spending some 
 part of your time in France ; and because I am still, and 
 know not how long I may be, an unsuccessfull suitor for your 
 uncle's return, ... I desire you should spend this winter 
 in France, in order to your being here next spring. Before 
 which time 'tis possible your uncle may remove and overtake f- 
 you. 
 
 ' This, I presume, is time enough to make you master of 
 the French tongue, as farr as will be necessary for conversation, 
 and to instruct or perfect your fencing, riding, and dauncing, 
 without inconvenience to your health. . . . 
 
 " When you come into France you may happily find my 
 Lord St. Albans ambassador there, whom you must wayt 
 upon, and give me an account of your motions from time to 
 time. . . . And so I pray God bless you, and send you 
 safe home at last, to the joy of your mother and your truly 
 loving father." 1 p. 
 
 PAUL RYCAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667, Sept. 20. Smyrna. The ship Jerusalem of Livorne 
 has arrived here. I despatched a boat for our letters so timely 
 that before advice reached her of our difference with the 
 French (under whose colours she sails) the letters were in 
 the messenger's hands, but he remaining to drink with the 
 commander, the French consul's orders for -detaining the 
 English letters arrived. I have however got them, by 
 threatening the captain. 
 
 They declare the ratification of our peace with the Dutch, 
 French and Danes, on much the same terms with the Dutch 
 as were concluded in 1662. The Dutch are alarmed by a report 
 that their East India fleet is fallen into the hands of Capt. 
 Harnian, besides great number of prizes taken by Sir Jeremy 
 Smith to the northward, and picked up daily in our 
 Channel. 
 
 I have had audience with the Kaddee, who entertained me 
 more civilly (as I understand) than he ever did any consul 
 before me. The same afternoon the Genoese consul came to
 
 480 
 
 visit me, whom I received with the usual ceremony. Dr. 
 Pickering tells me that since we have a peace with all the 
 world, his wife is resolved for England, so that my lady will 
 be again disappointed, "nor can I perswade Joan upon any 
 termes to Constantinople," who says she has no need of money 
 or favour and when she leaves Smyrna, resolves for England. 
 [Concerning the detaining of the general ships, and the 
 merchants' desire for allowance of tare from the customer in 
 weighing their goods.] "Mr. Langley is likely to fall into some 
 troubles and embroiles with Armenians, though at present he 
 hath the best end of the staflfe." 
 
 Signer Georgio Homero, our druggerman, desires a new 
 baratz, the old one being lost by his son in his journey to 
 Constantinople. 
 
 Postscript. " I shall remit your Excellencie by the next 
 the 200 dollars for consulage, and am taking that course that 
 this sort of consulage shall yearely become beneficiall to your 
 Excellencie, after six months' time." 4 pp. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 [1667, September.*] On the 21st instant arrived here 
 Ensign Price, with packets for his Majesty from Sir Jarvis 
 Lucas, and with him came " a Portugall, a person of honour 
 and worth, who are both with me in my house." 
 
 At Azeroone, the Emeen, a renegado Dutchman, upon a 
 false pretence that they had jewels concealed, clapt them both 
 in irons, and forced from them near 500 dollars, which had 
 not a Portugal gentleman paid, they had both perished. Now, 
 being here, " the Chiau of our Emeen, a most notorious villaine, 
 possesseth his patrone to make the like avania on them here," 
 and hath sealed up all the packets of letters, so that I cannot 
 send them forward for England by the vessels now ready to 
 depart. I entreat your Excellency to take some order with 
 this Chiau, " for upon all occasions he gives us so much trouble 
 by indeavouring to make false pretences that we know no 
 end. . . By no meanes such abuses are not to be passed 
 by, to stop his Majesties packets . . . and to make 
 pretences upon his Majesties subjects and friends, pretending 
 one day they must have Jewells, another day that they are 
 spyes." From London we hear the peace is settled at Breda, 
 and signed and sealed. 2 pp. 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE SAME. 
 
 1667, Sept. 28. Smyrna. A French vessel having come in, 
 on whom, we heard, were many English letters, much part of 
 this day has been spent in messages between myself and the 
 French consul. "At length the Jesuites have made us friends, 
 the consul having sent me all my letters with much ceremonie 
 and complement, desiring all good correspondence betweene 
 
 * Undated, but endorsed " About the 22 of September."
 
 481 
 
 us for the future, and that what is past may be forgot and 
 forgiven. I was glad of the occasion to conclude thus 
 honourably, for that enmitie and contests of this nature 
 betweene us can never be advantagious to either, but must 
 allwayes end to the profitt and benefit of the Turkee. 
 
 The customer now that our general ships are ready to 
 depart, and that he may try the mettle of the new consul 
 is demanding a weighty, instead of a current, dollar, upon 
 every sack of cotton. A druggerman should (in the opinion 
 of myself and the factory) be immediately dispatched to 
 Adrianople to demand that our ancient tariff should be 
 continued. 
 
 Letters from Leghorn, just now come, say that the besieged 
 of Lisle had made a valiant sally, and killed 20,000 French, 
 and taken the King prisoner, but hereof we wait confirmation. 
 3 pp. 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667, Oct. 4. Smyrna. The customer is now come to 
 better reason, and is content to clear our ships at the usual 
 rate. The French nation and ours begin better to agree ; 
 we have our letters delivered as formerly, and compliments 
 pass between the French consul and myself. 1 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WESTCHILSEA to LORD ARLINGTON. 
 
 1667, Oct. 10. Belgrade. Stating that at present it is 
 impossible to make Stephano Prince of Moldavia, as the Vizier 
 is in Candia, and the nobles of Moldavia, in whose hands 
 the present lazy prince leaves all the power, desire no change. 
 
 Complains that the French detain and open all the English 
 letters, and at Vienna he is served just as ill, and so has left 
 off sending letters that way. When Count Lesley was in 
 Turkey, he opened all the letters, including Lord Arlington's. 
 [The rest of the letter is in relation to Poland and Venice.] 
 Letter Book, ii, p. 401. 3 pp. [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 ROBERT FRAMPTON to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 [1667,*] Oct. 17. Aleppo. Recommending the bearer 
 Mr. John Newman to his Excellency, as " a precious jewel 
 worthy of all esteem," and who will be as much an honour 
 to the employment he shall be in as he takes it for an honour 
 to be invited into his Lordship's service. His desire is to be 
 his Excellency's secretary in Turkey, " his interest as a 
 merchant, his inclination, and dependance on the Turky 
 Company swaying him thereunto," but he is both willing 
 and able to undertake the education of Lord Maidstone if his 
 Excellency desires it and will "imprint such a kindness in my 
 Lord towards him as may make his way facile." 1 p. 
 
 * Year date given in endorsement. 
 Wt. 29495. ri 31
 
 482 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667, Oct. 20. Aleppo. I prevented the injustice to the 
 messenger from Bombain and the Portugal gentleman, Don 
 Antonio de Azevedo de Brito "by calling our Emeene himself 
 to justice, where the Caddee delivered me the packets . . 
 and discharged the persons from any further trouble." The 
 messenger has gone on a French ship bound for Marseilles, 
 and the peace being concluded at Breda, we hope he may 
 have a quick passage for England. I have acquainted Mr. John 
 Newman with the contents of your letter and found him 
 " sensible, as he ought, of the obligation your lordship layes 
 upon him . . . and ready to venture to Constantinople upon 
 a presumption that the employment of Cancelleer may be 
 vacant for him, wherein he hopes after some small experience 
 to acquitt himself e to your lordship's content. And though 
 he is well sattisfyed in the advantage that will accrue to him 
 in the title and reputation of being your lordship's secretary in 
 your private affairs, yet he saith that he dare not answer for 
 his owne abilities . . . and will most humbly submit himselfe 
 to your lordship's commands wherever he shall be so hapie as 
 to be esteemed by your lordship capable." 
 
 M. Taverneir, who had his Majesty's diamond, was left by 
 Ensign Price in Persia, in the silk caravan bound for Smyrna. 
 From India they write that he and the Dutchman in his 
 company " had bought up in those parts vast quantities of 
 Jewells, which they carry with them for Christendome." 
 1|PP- 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE SAME. 
 
 1667, Oct. 21. Smyrna. My grief at hearing of my lady's 
 miscarriage was consoled by the news of her recovery. I 
 can no longer persuade your Excellency to be so kind to 
 yourself, and cruel to her, as to detain her in this country. 
 " Let her, in God's name, returne home, to blesse the interest 
 you have in England with her presence." I have been averse 
 to this till now, " for I know your lordship cannot live long 
 without her, your house in her absence will be sad : . . . and 
 your habitation will want that life and cheerefulmesse which 
 this good lady and your children gave it," but I look upon 
 it that she is only going to warm Eastwell walls against your 
 Excellency's arrival, for your debts being now almost 
 extinguished, you will be able either to follow her or spend 
 your time in a more comfortable county. We have now 
 peace with all the world, and our general ships will shortly 
 sail for England ; she could never be mistress of a more 
 convenient conveyance. If she come by land in her horse- 
 litter, I will meet her half way, with 20 or 30 horse, and show 
 her all the honour this place can afford ; and methinks your 
 Excellency might also visit Smyrna and hunt for some time 
 at Sedeque ; in which I should bless my condition, that I
 
 483 
 
 should be able to show some of my gratitude, and render you 
 the fruit of that harvest which you sowed and planted. 
 
 The enclosed from Sir John Finch will inform you of our _i__ 
 peace with the French, Dutch and Dane ; that the Great 
 Seal is taken from my Lord Chancellor and given to my Lord 
 Bridgeman ; that Sir William Coventry has resigned his place to 
 Mr. Wren, one of my Lord Chancellor's secretaries, and that 
 we have lately taken four Dutch men of war. " Mrs. Pickering 
 is resolved to wait on my lady . . . having at her 
 Excellencies command changed her resolutions. Joan I 
 intend shall goe for England, for slighting your Excellencies 
 service at Constantinople." 
 
 The Kaddee has sent me a sample of the false temins, desiring 
 that, if any come hither on a ship wearing English colours, 
 I should send them to the Customer. Now is the time to 
 strike at this false money, which I shall do with all the art 
 I can. 
 
 Ever since I arrived we have had southerly winds, making 
 this place very unwholesome, and strangely hot for the season ; 
 nor have we had any rains all this year, except two thunder 
 showers. This unseasonable weather has caused the plague to 
 break out again near my house, but I hope the next cold 
 weather will again clear us. 
 
 Postscript. Yours of the 13-23 inst. is come to hand this 
 evening, by which I perceive that my lady must be already 
 on her way. I have given orders to the merchants to be 
 ready, and early on Wednesday morning, the 23rd, I shall begin 
 my journey with forty well-appointed horse, and travel until 
 I meet her. 4 pp. 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667, Oct. 21. I shall disperse the Bishop's letter in the 
 manner your Excellency has instructed me. Mr. Ta vernier 
 is not yet come ; a Venetian merchant lately come from India 
 says he left Tavernier there and that he meant to return by 
 sea. I have given Lord Arlington an account of the French 
 insolencies and our late quarrel with them. Their trade 
 must fall of itself shortly, "since temins loose their reputation 
 and the peace concluded betweene us and Holland." 
 
 I would fain procure your Excellency a good dog, but as 
 yet can find none worthy your acceptance. Here is an 
 excellent one belonging to Mr. Sprignall, one of the merchants, 
 " but no good words or money will purchase him." 2 pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1667, Nov. 3. Smyrna. This brings your Excellency the 
 acceptable news of my lady's safe arrival here yesterday. I 
 despatch this Messe with all expedition, knowing your anxiety 
 until you hear that so rich a treasure is lodged in safety. 
 And indeed I rejoice with you upon it, for, considering her
 
 484 
 
 weakness, and the dangers of the way from thieves, who now 
 wholly rule this lesser Asia, we ought " to admire the providence 
 of God, that so rich and desired a prey as she, expected and 
 attended for in all the quarters of the robbers, fell not into 
 their bloudy and mercilesse hands." Besides the party near 
 Mandrahoria, we only met one other company (of thirty-one) 
 near Palamut, " pretending to be huntsmen and to beat 
 over those plaines with their greyhounds " ; but the next 
 day they alarumed so the caravan from hence destined to 
 Russia, that it is waiting for a force to bring them through. 
 My lady was met near Smyrna by the remainder of our nation, 
 and likewise by the French and Dutch, " so that we entered 
 into the city about 250 horse, all. the ships in the road firing 
 their gunnes to wellcome her Excellencie " and every honour 
 of which the place is capable being done her on her arrival. 
 Our Customer sent five of his men to wait on her as far as 
 Mandrahoria, for which civility you will do well to return him 
 thanks. 
 
 And now my lady is here I shall not want to comfort her 
 and respect her, and give her the best entertainment possible. 
 My house is infinitely honoured by her presence, and I am 
 rejoiced beyond measure to show the world how dear her 
 safety and happiness is to me. The Company's orders for 
 the ships' departure are not yet come, so she will have time 
 to repose herself and provide for her voyage ; and what money 
 she wants shall be supplied by me. The Genoese Consul has 
 made his visit to her to-day, and to-morrow I expect the French 
 and Dutch. 
 
 I have already discoursed with her concerning your affairs ; 
 the sum of all being that she is to solicit your Commissioners 
 to send half-yearly their accounts, to observe by her friends 
 at Court what places fall, and employ her agents to secure 
 them for you, and to endeavour to arrange the portion and 
 marriage of your daughter. Other things may occur, unfore- 
 seen by me, which must be left to her discretion. 3 pp. Seal 
 of arms. 
 
 RICHARD LANGLEY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667, Nov. 3. Smyrna. Congratulating his lordship on 
 the safe arrival of Lady Winchilsea at Smyrna, and apologising 
 for not writing ere this, as he has been out of town " to meet 
 her Excellency." 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE SAME. 
 
 1667, Nov. 6. Smyrna." . . . The Genoese Consul 
 happening to visit her Excellencie before the French, hath 
 put the French besides his witts, and caused him to refraine 
 his visit. The truth is, had the French declared he would 
 have performed this office to her Excellencie, I should have 
 had reason to have conserved his precedency, but in regard
 
 485 
 
 it was doubtfull he had any such intention or not, my lady 
 had no reason to refuse the proffer of the Genoese, and deny 
 him audience till she had received a visit which was altogether 
 uncertaine. The Dutch, who are the French apes, resolve 
 to be governed by the same rule ; howsoever, the Dutch 
 consul declared his resolution to show his respect to her 
 Excellencie, but his nation, whom he greatly feares, prevented 
 him ; yet he resolves to send his wise sonne Augustine with 
 the complement this afternoone. We have no ship, with all 
 these southerly winds, out of Christendome, so that we are 
 void of all intelligence." 2 pp. 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667, Nov. 18. Smyrna. Yours of the 29th Oct. was 
 delivered me by Usaein Aga, our Customer, and was the first 
 notice I had of the Arz made to the Porte that our ships 
 remained at the Castles and held correspondence with the 
 Venetians. "It is a strange die veil that was author of such 
 an information, and however it is put upon the Kaddee, it 
 had no other father but Usaein Aga himself." Our Scanderoone 
 ships have been at the Castles above forty days, and our 
 Smyrna ships are gone out to them, to be out of danger of 
 embargo or being taken up for Candia. We daily expect 
 orders for their sailing for England, " untill when, whatsoever 
 the Customer here or at Constantinople may talke, the shipps 
 must keep their station, and if they deny them provisions or 
 water, as I am told they will, we must then seeke to defend 
 our capitulations." If it be true that the Kaddee has made 
 any such Arz, it is that he may force the Scanderoone ships 
 to come in, and so receive his port charge, "of which, for this 
 time, we shall make bold to disappoint him." Your lady 
 and pretty children are all well. I often talk with her of your 
 interests, and doubt not but that she will be an excellent 
 solicitor for you at Court. 
 
 Postscript. The Customer is trying to force fresh duties 
 upon us. He is very insolent, and threatens my druggerman 
 as he durst not do if your Excellency were near the Court. 
 3 pp. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MORICE to THE SAME. 
 
 1667, Nov. 21. ". . . Though death lopt of two golden 
 branches from the royal stem yet (as on Sybilla's tree) another 
 is sprunge forth whereof I presume you have already heard. 
 His royal highnes hath beene sicke of the smal poxe, and is 
 not yet recovered, but raised beyond all danger or doubt 
 of miscarryinge. The general subject of all negotiations in 
 the Courts of the princes at this end of the world is the \varre 
 or peace betweene France and Spayne ; there are several 
 embassadors in this Court traversing that concerne from the 
 Emperor, Spayne, France, the Estates &c. but his Majestyes 
 principles permit him not to be forward to declare his sentiments
 
 486 
 
 and lesse to engage his powers. We are heere in the house of 
 Commons in a warme pursuite of the miscarriages during the 
 late warre. and are active in the research therof. We have 
 falne with a great shocke uppon the late Chancellor and have 
 sent up unto the lords an impeachment against him of high 
 treason and other misdemeanours and have desired he may be 
 sequestred from the house (where yet he never appeared this 
 session) and committed to safe custody ; but the charge being 
 only in general termes, the lords have demurred to the doinge 
 therof, until they have a special charge and particular articles. 
 Our house notwithstandinge adheres to the demand, and after 
 sundry conferences, the matter is indetermined in suspence 
 and not yet come to an issue. The manifest displeasure of 
 his Majesty sitts with more waight upon the Chancellor then 
 the prosecution of all other his adversaries, who for ought is 
 liquid to me or can be discovered by my investigation, are 
 not confident to prove the treasons, but take themselves to 
 be certaine to evince the misdemeanors. Time will bring forth 
 and manifest the truth and instruct us by the event, but I 
 doubt it will take up much time, the worke we have cutt out 
 being not likely to be soon made up." 1 p, 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD KEEPER BRIDGEMAN. 
 
 1667, Dec. 4. As no man entertains a greater love towards 
 his sovereign than myself, so also no man more really esteems 
 his old friends. So that the news of your lordship's 
 promotion* to that great office you now sustain and long 
 since deserved, highly affects me, for I am exceedingly 
 sensible of the advantage which will redound to his Majesty 
 and all good men by it. Besides, I can now with greater 
 satisfaction begin to think of returning, since that I can 
 promise myself your lordship's protection at Court. For 
 being conscious to all my actings in the late great rebellion, 
 you can assure yourself " that I never did in the heat thereof, 
 want heart to serve my master, though fortune and occasion 
 was not propitious to my dearest intentions." Your lordship's 
 wisdom will guide you to distinguish of persons, and I humbly 
 pray God to direct his Majesty and your lordship to discover 
 all false hearts at home, for that is the way to vanquish all his 
 enemies abroad. 
 
 "If I may be so happie as to be employed at my returne, I 
 assure your lordshipp, that as I never will buy a place so I 
 never shall sell my master's interests, but endeavour to 
 imitate your great virtues as far as I am able, having bin 
 long an admirer of them. My Lord Treasurer's death, my 
 ever most honoured and deare brother, was a terrible blowe to 
 mee and the being reduced to a necessitie of consenting to my 
 wife's departure was a wound upon a cicatrice, and insensibly 
 betrayed me to a melancholic I could not master. But the 
 
 * Made Lord Keeper on Aug. 30, upon Clarendon's iall.
 
 487 
 
 newes of your lordshipp's advancement will bee a cordiall to 
 my spirits amidst these my languishings and will support 
 them in some good measure whilst I must breathe this 
 barbarous aire. Besides, it inspires mee with some hopes 
 that by your lordshipp's favour and councell I may once 
 more at a less distance serve my master and have the 
 happiness after my dangers and sufferinges during the 
 rebellion and a seaven yeares irksome seperation from our 
 King and Countrie to appeare at home. In the meane time, 
 I must beseech your lordshipp's perticuler care of my deare 
 wifes and my concernes as farr as lawe and honnour will 
 give you leave, and that your lordshipp will assist our 
 interest with your powerfull intercession." Letter Book, ii, 
 p. 409. 1 p. 
 
 [Dated as above at the top, but 28 Nov. at the bottom of the 
 page. Probably written on the earlier and despatched on the later 
 date.] 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to CAPT. TUCK and 
 CAPT. HULSE. 
 
 1667, Dec. 4. Pera. I wrote to you on the first of August 
 last, about the provision of moneys for my daughter's portion. 
 " Now, since the peace is concluded, and so my rents likely 
 to be more duely paid, I am the more inclined to contribute 
 this satisfaction to my deare wife and my lady Dutchess, and to 
 manifest my care and affection to my daughter Frances." 
 Therefore, if the 1,0001. drawn on the Company be not paid, 
 I give you liberty to raise the whole out of my estate, by 
 mortgage or otherwise, as, with Lord Keeper Bridgeman's 
 and my cousin Solicitor's advice, you shall think fit. "I still 
 must be understood that my daughter Frances marrie with 
 the consent of her mother and grandmother." I pray you to 
 resolve on a speedy way of raising the portion, that so there 
 may be no more to do for the conclusion of any good match 
 that offers, but to draw up and seal the writings. Ibid, 
 p. 410. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR GEO. OXENDEN, 
 
 1667, Dec. 4. Pera. Fearing that his former letter (see 
 p. 396 above], has miscarried, he renews his request for the 
 various articles there mentioned, especially for tea, and the 
 "instruments " necessary for making it, "of that met tall which 
 is like copper, but hath no smell and is more pretious." 
 Ibid. p. 410. 1 p. 
 Also, 
 
 Letter to Consul Lannoy, praying him to forward the 
 above, and to make good the cost of anything which 
 Sir George sends by way of Aleppo ; the money 
 for which shall be thankfully re-imbursed. Ibid, 
 p. 411. \ p.
 
 488 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SECRETARY MORICE. 
 
 1667, Dec. 8. Pera. I send you a relation apart with what 
 gallantry, respect and affection the Dutch representative here 
 entertained me and the nation, on the news of the late peace, 
 not at his expense, but by order and out of the public purse, 
 for they have also a Turkey company. I now signify this 
 to the Levant Company, and that I conceive myself obliged 
 to do something reciprocal, although not to vie with the 
 Dutch or spin out a feast for three days. I will manage things 
 as frugally as I can, but " have so much reason to suspect 
 they will check at any expence," that I pray you to speak 
 with the governor, Sir Andrew Riccard, and show him the 
 necessity of it. 
 
 Necessity, which makes light of all laws, hath enforced me to 
 deprive myself for the present of my dear wife and consign her 
 over to a long winter voyage, which the doctors considered of 
 absolute necessity. 
 
 Postscript. At Candia, the Venetian Secretary and Resident 
 with the Vizier are both dead. I now have fresh hopes that 
 I may be used by the Senate. There are two noble Venetians 
 prisoners in the Seven Towers, who are of my friendship, and 
 deserve to be so, being very honest persons. I have offered 
 them my services, as licenced by his Majesty so to do. and 
 they have written to the Senate about it. Letter Book, ii, 
 pp. 413 and 415. 2 pp. 
 
 Enclosing, 
 
 A Relation of Occurrences. 
 
 Constantinople. Dec. 8, 1667. He who supplies the 
 place of the Dutch Resident here was ordered by his 
 masters to have a public solemnization to celebrate 
 the peace, which he did by inviting me to a magnificent 
 feast, continuing for three days, and designing to give 
 relish to it, omitted to invite the French Ambassador. 
 'Twas no small mortification to him and the whole 
 nation, as they signified by many peevish instances ; 
 but the Dutch representant pursued, as it seemed, his 
 design of obliging me, coming in person to accompany 
 me, and, during the feast, catching at all circumstances 
 that might speak his esteem of the English and neglect 
 of the French. The French Ambassador threatens 
 to make his complaint of the affront at home, and 
 doubts not to procure the Dutch representant a severe 
 check for this action, but I hope nothing of that nature 
 shall be the effect of so much good -will. The pleasure 
 of the Dutch was not so pure as I could have wished it, 
 by reason of one distasteful circumstance, which first 
 happened to them. The Dutch chief with indiscretion 
 enough, would not go roundly about what he intended, 
 but first would excuse to the French Ambassador his not 
 inviting both, and give him notice of the preference
 
 489 
 
 he gave me, but was so unhappy as to find him with a 
 cane in his hand, wherewith he was well beaten ; but 
 still the ambassador rests unappeased. 
 
 A Muscovite Ambassador came .lately hither, and his 
 druggerman came to see me, with compliments in his 
 master's name, which I was not careful to return then, 
 partly in contemplation of the rude treatment his 
 Majesty's Ambassador, the Earl of Carlisle, received. 
 Now I am informed that his master's public minister 
 was well received in England, I will venture a com- 
 pliment to his discretion. The druggerman 's errand was 
 about a silk trade designed from Persia to their country. 
 They pretend to be true to their friendship and peace 
 with the Polonians (why then this embassy ?), but the 
 Greeks murmur that they will agree with the Grand 
 Signer and break their accord with Poland. 
 
 Hassan, the pirate who has lately infested these seas, and 
 taken several French ships, appears now to be counten- 
 anced by the Vizier. When this latter once complained 
 of French corsairs, the ambassador replied that " his 
 King's country was a great country, and in it there 
 were many bad as well as good, so that it could not be 
 remedied. The Vizier now returns that the Grand 
 Signer's country is a wide country, in which are good 
 and bad &c. yet they can help this, but will not, till 
 the French give example. Lead mines have lately 
 been discovered about Trabizond which will be of much 
 prejudice to our trade, if the slothfulness of the 
 Turks do not betray them to a neglect of the 
 improvement. 
 
 Constantinople. Dec. 17. Further occurences. 
 
 The Druggerman of the French Consul at Smyrna was 
 sent to Candia to complain to the Vizier of the outrages 
 of the pirate Hassan, but effected nothing. The Vizier 
 said to him, " I presumed to fight here with the 
 Venetians only, but I see I must combat the French too. 
 He added (by a mistake that is rooted in him), that 
 the General of Candia himself was a Frenchman." 
 The second time he treated him more roughly and 
 when he ventured a third, ordered them to lay him 
 down and give him five hundred blows on the feet. 
 This was remitted by the intercession of some that were 
 by, but the druggerman "durst not stay longer for a 
 better answer." 
 
 [With further account of the "injuries" put upon the 
 French.] Letter Book, ii, pp. 412 and 414. 3 pp. 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 1667, Dec. 9. Smyrna. My last was written on the 7th 
 instant, the day of her Excellency's departure, since which 
 time we have had fair weather and easterly winds, so I hope
 
 490 
 
 the ships have made good progress through the Arches. Your 
 Excellency is pleased to take notice of my small and weak 
 services tendered to my lady, which is no more than my 
 duty, and a part of that high honour and grateful respect 
 which I owe both to you and her. 
 
 Several French ships are come or coming, which bring nothing 
 but false temins. The customer here takes them at a certain 
 rate, by which means the French being able to give greater 
 rates than we for all commodities, wholly ruin and destroy 
 our traffic. Your Excellency would do well to order Signer 
 Georgio to make complaint thereof in your name, for " though 
 it be impossible to make as yet that coyne invalid, yet order 
 may be given that no more be imported," which, in a short 
 time, will do our business as well as if it were wholly taken 
 away. 2 pp. 
 
 CHARLES II to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667, Dec. 20. Whitehall. Recommending to his care 
 and protection Patrick Simson, merchant, now residing in 
 Moldavia, who will have frequent occasion to pass through 
 parts of the Ottoman Empire, where he may need the am- 
 bassador's assistance against the molestations to which 
 strangers are but too frequently exposed in those parts. 
 Sign manual, countersigned by Arlington. \\ pp. 
 
 THE EARL or ARLINGTON to THE SAME. 
 
 1667, Dec. 23. Whitehall." . . . The occasion of this is 
 to convey the inclosed from his Majesty, giving your Excellency 
 orders to returne, which I thought it would bee for your 
 convenience to bee advertized of by times, that you might 
 dispose your affaires accordingly there, and prepare for your 
 domestique ones here, which his Majesty beleeves want much 
 your presence." The letters to the Grand Signer and Grand 
 Vizier will be dispatched by the first ships. Signed. 1 p. 
 
 Endorsed as received the 19-29 March. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1667-8, Dec. 30 Jan. 9. Inner Temple.". . . There 
 are so many things upon the anvill, and such reformations 
 intended both in Church and State, and those are like to be 
 accompanyd with such changes of things and persons too, 
 that he must be more then mad who shall pretend to foretell 
 anything. The best thing I can write, and which I have reason 
 to beleive, is that we shall undoubtedly sett out a very con- 
 siderable fleet next summer. Your uncle, Sir Daniel Harvey 
 is to go for Constantinople, and, as I hear to-day, is to bee 
 made an English viscount. . . . Wee hear the Earl of 
 Clarendon hath been privately at Paris and is gone back to 
 Rouen. ..." 1 p.
 
 491 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINOHILSEA. 
 
 1667[-8], Jan. 4. Aleppo. Giving an account of the 
 ill reception of the Dutch Agent at Ispahan by the King of 
 Persia, although that nation had just sent him a great present, 
 including a third elephant (having given him two before), 
 and "two small shack dogs." At the same time "Sultan 
 Blockye " was confirmed in his government of Cosbin with 
 great demonstrations of honour, including a parade of elephants 
 and " four large lions " ; 160 heads of Tartars carried in 
 triumph upon long poles, one after another, and six of their 
 chiefest commanders, taken prisoners in a victory a few months 
 before, but to whom the King now gave their liberty. 
 
 The French write from Gombroone that there has been a 
 mutiny amongst the soldiers in the Portugal fleet, and that 
 they have killed the Vice-King and others of quality, but this 
 is not confirmed. 2 pp. 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE SAME. 
 
 1667-8, Jan. 15. Smyrna. The eight or nine French ships 
 in this port, after an embargo of twenty-five days, have been 
 released for 700 dollars. Unhappily, two private ships from 
 London and a Ligornese under English colours have come in, 
 on which the same prohibition was laid. I have got the 
 English ships licence to proceed, but fear the Ligornese will be 
 forced to a voyage for Candia. If she is taken by the Venetians, 
 it will fall heavily on Mr. Langley, to whom she was consigned, 
 and on you and me, as regards consulage. This teaches me for 
 the future not to give permission to any foreign ship to come 
 in with English colours during this war. In the hope of shortly 
 seeing your Excellency here, I shall delay my journey to 
 Ephesus, though I fear you may scarce obtain licence from 
 the court, nor " securitie of travell" for fear of robbers, of 
 which there are 300 about two days journey of this place. 
 
 Mr. Coke and Mademoiselle embark to-day for Constan- 
 tinople, and Mr. Luke, our chaplain, departed yesterday for 
 Jerusalem. As to the coins called teinins, " there is a strange 
 mystery or rather witchcraft in the people," but the last 
 brought in are so horribly false "that they will in short time 
 become red, and show themselves in their colours, by which 
 means they will be no more current, and so the whole country 
 breake at once. ... In my opinion, it is beneath the honour 
 of his Majestic to take notice of the bad rnony in the Grand 
 Signer's country . . . and it is a disparagement to the Grand 
 Signer and his government to receive a regulation of their coyne 
 by advice of a foraigne King." 4 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF ARLINGTON to THE SAME. 
 
 1667-8, Jan. 17. Whitehall. "This is only to accompany 
 the enclosed from his Majesty, signifying his pleasure to your 
 Excellency that you returne home, where you may be assured
 
 492 
 
 of a very kind reception from him, and of all good offices on 
 my side, wherein I may contribute anything to your satisfaction 
 and honour." Holograph. | p. 
 
 Endorsed as answered on December 28, 1668. 
 Enclosing, 
 
 Lord Winchilsea's Revocation, under the King's sign 
 manual, dated Dec. 19, 1667.* 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1667-8, Jan. 23 Feb. 2. " ... I doe presume you have 
 heard before this time of the defensive league between England, 
 Holland, Sweden &c., which I suppose is lookt on at Paris 
 as a league made against them ; for so it will prove in effect, 
 if the desires of that great monarch cannot be circumscribed." 
 
 If it occasion a rupture, your stay will be unpleasant, but 
 you can remove thence whenever you think fit. " Enquire 
 whether the Code Louys conteyn any systeme of laws, or be 
 only a regulation of the forms of proceeding. If the latter, 
 I shall not much desire it, but if it bee the former, perhaps 
 I shall desire you to buy it." 1 p. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MORICE to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667[-8], Jan. 24. " I received on Monday last your 
 Excellencyes favor of August 19th, which hath had so tardy 
 a motion. Of the great shocke of the Chancellor, his flight 
 into France, and his remove from thence by command of the 
 French Kinge, thereby to prevent all umbrage heere ; of the 
 act for his perpetual exile never to be revoked but by a pardon 
 ratified in parliament, I presume the relations you have 
 heard from others will supersede mine and render them 
 superfluous. That which is new, is the defensive league 
 freshly concluded with the United Provinces, which is very 
 signal for the importance therof in this conjuncture ; the 
 suddenness therof, soone after a furious warre ; the secret 
 conduct and quicke dispatch therof, being finished in five 
 dayes by the advantage of being transacted at the Hague 
 by Sir William Temple, his Majestyes Envoy, while they 
 had two ambassadors extraordinary heere at the same time. 
 There is a common engagement to mediate an accord betweene 
 the Bangs of France and Spaine uppon the overtures and 
 propositions once made by the former, wherby, if he shall 
 now refuse to be concluded, the allyes (wherof Sueden is like 
 to be one), will take other counsels. Holland is raisinge 20,000 
 foote and 4,000 horse, additional to their standinge force, 
 and will sett forth this yeere 48 capital ships. His Majesty 
 hath ordered the equippinge of 60. The French courted 
 his Majesty with specious generals, which being prest unto 
 particulars and certentyes turnd to dust. They are now 
 
 * There is also a signed duplicate of this, which was no doubt sent, for 
 security, another way.
 
 493 
 
 inflamed at this league, especially against Holland, with whom 
 they had a defensive, and wherof the Dutch reaped late 
 advantages, but we were free from them, and at liberty to 
 close with any other. Sagacious men doubt this league will 
 drawe us into a warre, but Spaine is not yet thorough awakened, 
 and dreames that their neighbors must preserve Flanders for 
 their owne interest sake. The French King is uppon his 
 march toward the Franch County, where the Prince of Condy 
 hath induced the nobility and gentry to a facility of defection, 
 to prevent and supersede the conquest ; the French Kinge 
 is active and vigilant, and is like to advance his worke before 
 any of his opposites wilbe in a posture and capacity to checke 
 and interrupt him. I hope to kisse your Excellencyes hand 
 heere er longe who I heare are desirous to returne to your 
 country, which wilbe enricht with you." 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667-8, Jan. 31. Aleppo. Sir George Oxinden writes that 
 our affairs in those parts are in a good condition. A " numerous 
 and mountainous people called Patans " have lately rebelled 
 against the Great Mogul and have a considerable body in 
 arms ; he has sent a great power to reduce them to obedience. 
 
 Tavernier, who had his Majesty's diamond ring, is on his 
 way to Smyrna. At Spahaune he bought a diamond which 
 cost 7,000?. sterling. In his company was a Dutch jeweller, 
 one David Bazu, of Amsterdam, who, in India, bought a 
 diamond costing 30,000 tomans, which is 100,OOOZ. sterling ; 
 taking up money from Armenians at 46 per cent, in order 
 to pay for it. 1 p. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1667-8, Feb. 2-12. Sunday. The gentlemen who gives 
 you this will tell you the news. He accompanies " an honor- 
 able and very worthy person to Paris, Mr. John Trevor, who 
 is sent as envoye extraordinary to know how farr the King 
 of France will please to hearken to a peace " ; in which case, he 
 " hath power to change his quality, and to appear in the 
 quality of an ambassador." This gentleman's name is 
 Mr. Trevor, too (a lawyer of our House, nephew and heir 
 to Mr. Arthur Trevor). " But Mr. John Trevor is the eldest 
 sonne of Sir John Trevor ; neerly allyd to your uncle, Sir Daniel 
 Harvey's lady. He is a Member of Parliament, and in great 
 reputation there and at Court ; and if there be any truth in 
 reports, will certainly be advanced at his returne, and probably 
 be made Secretary of State ; so that it will be a happy 
 circumstance of your travells, to be made known to him 
 abroad," by this gentleman's means. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667[-8], Feb. 3-13. Smyrna. I send a letter from my lady, 
 who is safely arrived as far as Malta, after many adventures
 
 494 
 
 by cross winds and storms. The commander of the Ligornese 
 ship agrees to carry provisions to Candia, there being no 
 other remedy, but I wish her to go as a frank ship, while the 
 Turks insist on hiring her as they do their own, "who are 
 forced with the topus and as slaves and vassalls of the 
 country." 
 
 On my refusing to accept the poor terms they offer, they 
 threaten to get orders from Adrianople to take one of the 
 English ships, now nearly loaded. Pray let Signor Georgio 
 be ready to answer that they are too heavy for the purpose, 
 not able to sail like the French ships purposely made for these 
 seas, and would certainly fall into the hands of the enemy. 
 2 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THOMAS DEATH and 
 EPHRAIM SKINNER. 
 
 1667-8, Feb. 5. Pera. Praying them to procure for him 
 six quadras or pictures. They must not be filled with 
 imagery, but floriage, as fruits, flowers, roots &c. being to 
 gratify the curiosity of a civil Turk belonging to the Court, 
 to whom he is indebted for some toys. They are not to 
 exceed five dollars each in price. Letter Book, ii, p. 416. \ p. 
 
 CONSUL RYCATJT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667[-8], Feb. 6-16. Stating that unless he (Rycaut) agrees to 
 their terms, the Cadi and Capigi-basha threaten to send a 
 false statement to Turkey, concerning the ships, and to get 
 orders to take both the English ships at their own price. The 
 Ligornese, seeing that by this means he is likely to escape, has 
 raised his terms and now asks "as extravagantly too much " 
 as the Turks' offer is too little, so that between the two, 
 Rycaut knows not which way to turn and can only try to 
 accommodate the matter with the Capigi-basha for money. 
 
 Desires that Signor Antonio may tell the customer, Usaein 
 Aga, that the two great English ships released by him from the 
 Grand Signer's service are again embargoed. 
 
 " In the time of the carnaval, the Dutch nation going in 
 mascara with lanternes, at a seasonable time in the night, 
 in the Frank street, were assaulted by the Vayvod's men," 
 and in the ensuing fray, several of the Dutch were very much 
 wounded and beaten. The consul's son,' Augustin, having 
 his hand cut, the consul complained, but received only 
 fair words, and the Vayvod, Hamet Aga, " the great tormenter 
 of the Franks," tried to put off the blame by punishing some 
 of his men, but the Dutch mean to demand justice upon 
 himself, from the Porte. They applying to me to join with 
 them, I told them I could do nothing without your licence, 
 but that I did not doubt you would help to bring such an 
 exemplary villain to justice, and that nothing ought to content 
 us but his head, for which end they will need to get a public 
 accusation. 3| pp.
 
 495 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667-8, Feb. 18. Smyrna. I have just received yours of 
 the 9-1 9th, concerning an English merchant, or one under the 
 English banner, said to have been sent with great quantities 
 of jewels to Constantinople. "Sure Usaein Aga, amongst his 
 other fancies for getting mony must dreame," for I know of 
 no such person. About three months since a Venetian under 
 the English banner came here from Persia, with curiosities 
 for the Emperor, but he paid all his customs and departed 
 freely before Usaein Aga went for Constantinople. I cannot 
 imagine what he means, unless he designs to bring an avania 
 upon us ; for he has ordered that till this man be found, our 
 ships are not to be permitted to load. This is the third time 
 he has prevented our ships from lading ; he searches all means 
 to ruin our nation, and I pray your Excellency to deal plainly 
 with him, " for he is not a person to be treated with 
 complement." 
 
 The druggermen of all the four consuls have departed to 
 complain of the insolence of Achmet, our Vayvod. " I hope 
 our next combination will be against Usaein Aga, who of the 
 two, deserves much the worse." 
 
 We hear that those of Candia have made a sally and made 
 a great slaughter amongst the Turks. 
 
 Postscript. Some Dutchmen have come from Persia, who 
 may perhaps be the men Usaein Aga intends. If, upon 
 every dispute, our ships are stopped lading, there will be no 
 further trading for us here. 2 pp. 
 
 SIR HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1667-8, Feb. 24 March 6. The 100Z. sent to you by the 
 merchant at Rouen, I have ordered to be made 200Z. ; "nor 
 shall I make any reflections upon your expences, as being very 
 secure of your good conduct by an opinion of your vertue 
 long since settled in me, and not easily removed. Your 
 mother hopes to see you in England about midsummer next ; 
 the rather because she expects within a few weeks after to be 
 brought to bed, and would be loath to come so neer the hazards 
 of a grave, without one sight more of you." There is not 
 much news stirring as yet, " although the Court and the 
 Parliament fill the whole town with various conjectures of 
 what will bee." 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667-8, Feb. 24. Smyrna. Yours of the 13th brings me 
 the unwelcome advice of your audience with the Captain Basha, 
 which to-day was seconded by my being ordered by the Kaddee 
 and Capugi bashee (who is here supervisor of the provisions for 
 Candia) to provide two English ships to carry com to Candia ; 
 and if the ships were full, to unlade them. They produced 
 a letter from the Captain Basha, intimating that you consented
 
 496 
 
 thereto. I answered that I had already furnished them with 
 one ship which was laden ; and that the others were so laden 
 and steeved, that they could not be cleared again in forty 
 days, in which time we expect other ships, which may be at 
 their disposal. Meanwhile, here are store of French ships in 
 port, empty and light sailors. The Capugi bashee, knowing my 
 reasons to be convincing, as also that these ships have already 
 bought their release, promises to write to the Captain Basha 
 in our favour, so, if your Excellency strikes while the iron is 
 hot, and represents the business in the true state, your argu- 
 ments may work upon him. And truly, seeing these ships 
 have been kept here two months, would take forty days to 
 clear, and must then make a voyage to Candia, pass all the 
 dangers of the seas and return again, for a freight of 1,200 
 dollars, it is so hard a bargain that the commanders say it 
 would be more to their advantage to give away their ships, 
 than to undertake this voyage in the Grand Signer's service. 
 
 The French musician your Excellency mentions is returned 
 for France, finding no employment here. Colonel Detti left 
 the Persian caravan at Erziram, and is gone for Moldavia by 
 way of Georgia. 
 
 Postscript. "What is advanced for the freight of the 
 Ligornese, pray endeavour to get it paid there, for here it will 
 all be eaten up from us before we shall be able to receive 
 it." 4 pp. 
 
 CONSUL RYCATJT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSBA. 
 
 1667-8, Feb. 25. Smyrna. The Ligornese ship being 
 compelled to carry corn "at a temin and a half per chiloe," 
 is made an example to the French ships, who resolve to refuse 
 the price and to go first to the Porte, to bargain by their am- 
 bassador for a better freight. I hope your Excellency will 
 procure the same for the Ligornese, as well as for other ships 
 which in the future may be taken up for this service, for here 
 they give us but half the Grand Signer's price. 
 
 The business between Mr. Langley and Bernardiston is now 
 brought to a conclusion, the greater number of the arbitrators 
 giving their hands for Mr. Langley. 
 
 I am sorry your Excellency has found occasion to discharge 
 Signor Cortese. Whilst I was in your family and examined 
 his accounts, I never found him false. What has happened 
 since I cannot tell, but wish there were no reason for you to 
 deprive yourself of so good a servant. 2 pp. 
 
 Preioritten, 
 
 Copy of the preceding letter. 
 
 THE EARL or WINCHILSEA to LORD KEEPER BRIDGEMAN. 
 
 1667-8, Feb. 29. Pera. Though I know how precious your 
 moments are, I cannot deny myself the content of recommend- 
 ing my dear wife and interest to your lordship's protection,
 
 497 
 
 " For indeed, though I am secured touching your lordship by 
 a never failing experience, yet I have bin deceived in others 
 . . . and have found myselfe frustrated through their coldness 
 or carelessness. ..." 
 
 "As to the changing of my present posture ... I should 
 account myselfe happie if I might be tempted to live at home 
 by something that should deserve the name of a temptation ; 
 . . . but, if I miss of this good fortune, I imagine that, after 
 having scene England, I shall be inclined rather to travell 
 privately and visitt the more refined partes of the world then 
 waste my yeares amongst these barbarians, where, for want 
 of an ingenious conversation, I dull my mind, and for want 
 of exercise, impaire my health." I have hitherto been 
 fortunate in my negotiations, and 'twould be a comfort to 
 leave the place before any sinister accident sour the content 
 I take in reflecting on what is past. What place or 
 condition soever the good providence of Almighty God hath 
 appointed for me, I shall ever be a true and faithful servant 
 of your lordship's, from whom, in the midst of danger and heat 
 of rebellion I received more obligations than I have done from 
 some of my own blood in times of prosperity and peace. 
 But a friend is better than a brother. 
 
 " This Empire is certainlie in a tottering condition, and seemes 
 like the prophet's ripe fruite, readie to fall into the mouths 
 of those that shake them first. The resistance they find in 
 Candia is a great blowe to their reputation, and a diminution 
 of their force and treasure, which they repaire by such un- 
 wonted oppressions of the people as fills all mouthes with 
 clamour and discontent." They fear an invasion from Poland, 
 and the country is pestered with false money, which flows in 
 from all parts. The "merchants of France and Italy worke 
 upon their easiness to be deceived, and the corruptness of 
 their ministers ; so with small bribes, make way for a sort 
 of monie by which the importers gaine fifty in the hundred." 
 Letter Book, ii, p. 416. 1| pp. 
 Enclosing : 
 
 Intelligence, Feb. 22. 1667-8. The Bassas of Bagdad 
 and Damascus have marched towards Bolsora, but the 
 place is very strong, and the people affected to their 
 natural Prince, and not inclined to receive his slave, 
 on whom the Grand Signor hath cast the title. 
 The French have thriven so well in their importation 
 of base moneys that others are tempted by the extra- 
 ordinary gainfulness of that trade to try if they may 
 reap the like benefit, seeing the Grand Signer's subjects 
 are so prepared to be deceived. A German Consul 
 has brought good sums, and a Genoese ship, called the 
 St. Sebastian " comes stuffed with false temines, but 
 false to such a degree, that the gaines by them is at 
 least fifty per cent." This must at last redound to 
 the prejudice of our trade, The taxes here swell to 
 Wt. 29495. n 32
 
 498 
 
 such a height, that the people loudly cry out, and 
 wish for a change, so that all is full of sedition and 
 discontent. Wherever the Grand Signer hunts, the 
 country two days' journey round is ruined ; and when 
 he goes to his sport, every house is taxed to find a 
 man ; and if the season permits a greater abuse, 
 they are sure to have their corn and vineyards spoiled. 
 The Muscovite ambassador's reception was not at all 
 what he expected. He came to announce their peace 
 with Poland, and to pray the Grand Signer not to 
 uphold the rebellious Cossacks or favour the Tartars in 
 their incursions. The Grand Signer labours to divide 
 the Muscovites from the Poles, as their union will make 
 him very jealous in this conjunction, when his hands 
 are full with the war in Candia, and the rebellion of 
 Bolsora. The Muscovite Ambassador had a servant 
 who turned Turk, but he enticed him into his house, 
 and beat the new mussalman to death with clubs. 
 They say the Grand Signor certainly means to go to 
 besiege Cataro, but unless he first accommodates with 
 the Pole and Muscovite, he will leave this part of 
 the country naked and exposed to invasion. Letter 
 Book, ii, p. 418. l pp. 
 
 THE EAKL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD ARLINGTON. 
 1667-8, March 5. Pera. Sending him a collection of 
 Intelligences (probably that calendared above), and further 
 explaining the impossibility of procuring Stephano to be 
 Prince of Moldavia. Ibid. p. 419. | p. [Original in S.P. 
 Turkey.] 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667-8, March 13. Smyrna. Having received your 
 Excellency's orders to persuade the commanders here to agree 
 between themselves which should go for Candia, I proposed 
 a lot to decide the doubt. But neither would agree, and the 
 Turks perceiving that I was long in resolving, " Usaein went 
 aboard the Anne and Christopher, and pitched upon her. . . . 
 The captain then offered the lot, but the commander of the 
 John and Abigail, and Mr. Onslow and others his merchants, 
 would not heare of it ... All this day we have spent in 
 debating the businesse ; in sending messages to the Turkes, 
 and receiving bad ones from them," and I know not how to 
 accommodate matters, all standing so high upon their terms. 
 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1667-8, March 14. Has in vain endeavoured to bring the 
 captains of the Anne and Christopher and John and Abigail 
 to an arrangement as to going to Candia, and, in consequence, 
 the Cadi has " made Arz " that they are to be proceeded
 
 499 
 
 against as rebels. Is very sensible that a great storm will 
 follow, and apprehends danger to the whole nation, but neither 
 he nor the merchants know what to do. 3 pp. 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1667-8, March 15. Praying his Excellency to send a strict 
 warrant to Capt. Daniel Morgan and Capt. John Cole for 
 deciding their controversy by lot, and if possible, to let it 
 arrive "before the returne of the storme from Adrianople," 
 that when that comes (which he much apprehends), it may 
 find the captains, or one of them, obeying the Grand Signer's 
 and his Excellency's command. 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 EARL OF WINCHILSEA to JOHN BUCK WORTH. 
 
 1668, March 26. Pera. Thanking him for his kind letter 
 and sympathy. Thinks that " some have been too busy " 
 in hastening his revocation, but will not let the fact of its 
 being anticipated by a few months trouble him, as he forms 
 no desires which he cannot divest himself of when his Majesty 
 declares his pleasure to the contrary. Letter Book, ii, p. 420. 
 I P. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD ARLINGTON. 
 
 1668, March 26. Pera. I could not "defend myself " from 
 some surprise on the receipt of his Majesty's orders for my 
 return, for I thought of nothing less. But, being always pre- 
 pared to a cheerful obedience, I quickly betook myself to 
 humble submission and acquiesence in his Majesty's pleasure. 
 
 This Court, now at Adrianople, is so alarmed, that his 
 Majesty's letters may have to travel to find it. It is said the 
 Grand Signer intends for the Morea, but their fears near home 
 make it more probable that they will defend their own borders 
 against the Pole than attack Cataro. When Sir Dan. Harvey 
 (who, I understand, is to succeed me) arrives, I will deliver the 
 letters as necessity may require, and meanwhile, continue my 
 efforts to secure his Majesty's public concerns and protect the 
 merchants, which have been my business and care in this 
 embassy. Ibid. p. 420. 1 p. [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1668, April 1. Smyrna. Since mine of the 15th, we have 
 remained quiet until yesterday, when the Captain Bashaw 
 sent another order that the English Consul and commanders 
 should "see to carry" 20,000 chilos of wheat to Candia. 
 Being still unable to get the captains to agree, I have sent 
 word to the Captain Basha that we are waiting for your 
 lordship's warrant, but I expect speedily some gallies here to 
 exact compliance, or if not, money from our nation for their 
 disappointment of the Grand Signer's design. 3 pp.
 
 500 
 
 CONSUL RYCATJT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSBA. 
 
 1668, April 3 and 4. Smyrna. Having received your 
 Excellency's warrant, I this morning, in presence of many of 
 our nation, " fairly cast a lot," which fell upon Capt. Morgan 
 of the John and Abigail. After much contest, the poor man 
 submitted, with certain conditions for payment of himself and 
 his men, and security of his own goods during his absence. 
 
 "Howsoever, still there are some intrigues in the businesse. 
 I apprehend very much trouble from the marriners, who have 
 allmost all left their ship and gone abroad to drinke, from 
 whence those disorders will proceed as will cause me much 
 trouble." 
 
 The ill news is come that the Ligornese ship under English 
 colours, sent to Candia, has been taken by the Venetians. 
 I fear this will bring us new intrigues. 
 
 " April 4. This day men were sent to unload the ship, but 
 the mariners " were rude and mutinous beyond all expression, 
 swearing they would have their wages before they would suffer 
 anything to be done in order to this voyage. The captaine 
 on the other side alledged that according to agreement no 
 mony was due to them untill their returne into England, 
 and that should they be paid off now, they would desert his 
 ship and get aboard other vessels . . . the greatest part of his 
 men being Dutch, Swedes and other nations." The captain 
 then offered to take 2,000 sacks of corn (which he could do 
 without unlading his ship), and to get his men to agree and 
 depart at once. In the end, he had to agree to 3,000 sacks, 
 but hopes to have a third abated. 3| pp. 
 
 SIB HENEAGE FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 
 1668, April 6-16. Saturday. "... At home all are yett 
 well, now your brother William comes abroad, except a mayd- 
 servant, who hath taken the infection and is removed out 
 of the house. Your brother Heneage stays in the country 
 untill my new lodgings bee finisht, and so wants matter as 
 well as occasion of writing. ... I am so oppressed with 
 business I have no time to write to your uncle, but let him 
 know that I am pursuing the payment of his salary, and 
 hope to give him a speedy account of it." | p. 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1668, April 10. Smyrna. My last told you how matters 
 were agreed with Capt. Morgan, but upon this " the seamen 
 beganne to make a mutiny, so that I was forced to clap up 
 about ten or eleven of the most unruly into prison, entertaining 
 them with bread and water for some dayes. This usage brought 
 the rest ashoare, who, first making themselves bold and mad 
 with wine, came running to my house with the same fury 
 as they did once to Whitehall, and would have forced open 
 the prison , . . And now, perceiving that this was not the
 
 501 
 
 way to deale with this people, used to mutinies, the next 
 morning I called up the prisoners to me, two by two, and there 
 first showing them the law of the sea that, notwithstanding 
 a ship be diverted from her intended voyage by any Prince 
 or Potentate and forced to another, the seamen ought to serve, 
 and whosoever deserted his ship was to be punished by death, 
 losse of wages or otherwise, as his crime deserved." I then 
 asked them if they desired to proceed on their voyage, and on 
 their answer, declared they were discharged of their ship 
 and might go which way they would ; upon which, fearing 
 the consequences, they all got themselves aboard without 
 giving me further trouble, only two or three of the worst were 
 turned off, "and now walke without employment or good 
 countenance of any one." 
 
 " And now, supposing the greatest trouble was over, another 
 arose, more entriguesome than all before," for the captain did 
 not take out sufficient of his goods, and, in spite of all his 
 assurances to the contrary, when the corn was laden on the 
 ship, only 1,736 sacks could be put in. Hereupon I sent men 
 to take out more goods, but what success they had, and how 
 my officers and servant (sent to assist) were used, you will read 
 by the enclosed. 
 
 This contempt of the power of the Turks brings danger and 
 scandal upon our whole nation. The effect, I fear, will be 
 that the Anne and Christopher will have to take the rest of 
 the corn, which your Excellency should oppose as far as 
 possible, " that so Capt. Morgan may not have the victory 
 in spight of your Excellencies authoritie. . . ." 
 
 Capt. Scot coming here on one of the gallies, I endeavoured 
 to release him, and raised 500 dollars. The Bey increased his 
 price to 800, but came down to 600, which was ready to be 
 paid when the gallies were ordered away and Capt. Scot with 
 them, but I have a promise that he shall be returned by the 
 next that come hither. Towards which contribution, all here 
 hope for the nation's charity at Constantinople. 
 
 Postscript. The Anne and Christopher is "proffered to be 
 freed " by taking in 700 sacks of corn, otherwise she must stay 
 till all the Grand Signer's provisions are. shipped for Candia. 
 6 PP* 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE EARL OF WENCHILSEA. 
 
 1668, April 20. Smyrna. Capt. Morgan remains resolute 
 to burn or sink his ship rather than displace so much of his 
 goods as to take in six or seven hundred sacks of wheat more. 
 
 " I cannot but confesse that in this obstinacy of our ships, 
 the Turkish officers have beene exceeding patient and civil! 
 beyond expectation, but how farre, for the future, this baffling 
 and contempt in the Grand Signer's businesse may be resented, 
 I cannot tell. ... I am sure we are here laughed at by all 
 nations, when French, Genoeses, Raguseans and all others 
 that trade here have not made the tenth part of the difficultie
 
 502 
 
 With all their ships, of which eleven or twelve are departed 
 this port for Candia, as we have done in giving one ship, the 
 controversie about which hath now held out for the space 
 of two months. ... I have beene often asked before the 
 Kaddee what I did here if I could not tell how to rule and 
 govern this people. . . . My answer hereunto was that my 
 government was civill . . . but, when men put themselves 
 into a posture of war, I had neither armes nor cannon to 
 reduce them to obedience." 
 
 The French Consul having taken advantage of my troubles 
 to make his first visit to the Dutch Resident, I sent four 
 merchants to compliment him in my stead, "whom he 
 received in a rude Dutch manner." But the Dutch Consul I 
 visited in person, having got the priority of the visit, at which 
 the French are very angry. 4 pp. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE PRINCE OF MOLDAVIA. 
 1668, April 22. Pera. Expressing his surprise that he has 
 never received the sums owed him by the Prince. Has been 
 recalled home by his King, and another noble Englishman is 
 coming in his place, with whom he shall repair to the Court, 
 to introduce him to the presence of the Grand Signer. Will 
 there do the Prince all the good offices he can, and hopes that 
 he will not be forced by his Excellency's ingratitude to alter 
 his kindly feelings, but that he will be able to recommend him 
 to the friendship and protection of his successor. Letter 
 Book, ii, p. 421. Italian. \ p. 
 
 CONSUL LANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1668, April 28. Aleppo. " ... A weeke or two ere I 
 received your Excellencies letter of the 19th March, we had 
 the neiwes in Aleppo of your Excellencie's revocation ; but 
 many months before might easily have foreseene it, knowing 
 well the Court of England (the proper spheare for you to move 
 in), would not much longer endure your absence. His gracious 
 Majestie, whome God preserve . . . now drawes you unto 
 himself e, there to receive your reward by some new employ- 
 ment, more worthy of you, within the view of his royall person. 
 All which (howsoever loose rs), we congratulate with your 
 Excellencie, wishing you all hapienesse in your returne, and 
 in the long enjoyment of the honours designed for you." 
 
 We acknowledge also the favours we have received by your 
 Excellency's protection, and receive with great joy the honour 
 of your expressions of esteem. l pp. 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE SAME. 
 
 1668, May 4. Smyrna. The John and Abigail remains as 
 she was, but not permitted to depart ; nor is the Anne and 
 Christopher suffered to load ; but the Dutch have granted
 
 503 
 
 a great old ship called the Tobias, which may carry 16 or 17 
 thousand chiloes, and corn comes in so slowly that we hope 
 the Turks will not be too pressing with our captains. 
 
 No vessel can as yet depart hence, unless in some service 
 for the Grand Signer, which has caused several French captains 
 to go to the Captain Bassa at Scio, to procure their release. 
 
 Capt. Scot is here again, whom I hope now to release. 3 pp. 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE EARL OF WENCHILSEA. 
 
 1668, May 6. Smyrna. According to your Excellency's 
 warrant and letter of the 20th past, I have promised the 
 Kaddee to use all endeavours to reduce Capt. Morgan to 
 obedience. The Turkish officers are denying him all provisions 
 and succour ; we have desired the other consuls to forbid 
 their ships' commanders to contribute to his relief , and a boat 
 is to lie by him to hinder any from going aboard. I sent to 
 tell Capt. Morgan of your warrant, but his answer is short : 
 he will admit none to unlade, will stand out the siege, and 
 when he can hold out no longer, will leave his ship and take 
 passage on some other for England. If so, he will fall into 
 my hands, and " instead of England, he shall take his journey 
 to Constantinople." l\ pp. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1668, May 10. By the letters from Ligorne, your Excellency 
 will see that " the new Embassador is not so much in hast as 
 to come forth before the generall ships, which at soonest are 
 not expected here before Michaelmas. ... I doe not find any 
 ground for the report that Sir D. Harvey was embarked with 
 Sir Thomas Allen and afterwards desisted," on Sir Thomas being 
 ordered to remain in the Channel ; but he presses the Company 
 to hasten their general ships, which they decline to do. 
 
 " The John and Abigail still holds out the siege. At last 
 I believe some money will cleare both her and the Anne and 
 Christopher, and the former permitted to depart as she is, 
 with the great Dutch ship, which is now almost laden. I 
 could long since have cleared them both for a reasonable summ, 
 but the commanders of the ships and the merchants have beene 
 and are so untractable that they have afforded me no footing 
 whereon to help them." 
 
 Postscript. We have redeemed Capt. James Scot for 580 
 dollars, part of which we hope to receive by your charity 
 at Constantinople. 2| pp. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MORICE to THE SAME. 
 
 1668, May 15. I should sooner have rendered an account 
 of my obedience to your commands to intercede with the 
 Turkey Company to defray your charges in treating the Dutch 
 Ambassador, but was not forward to return you an unpleasing 
 answer (" for I found them, notwithstanding all I could offer
 
 504 
 
 to persuade them very inexorable, and the purse to have no 
 more eares then the proverbe relates the belly to have "). 
 Also, I imagined you would have been on your voyage home 
 before my letters could have reached you, as for this six 
 months, Sir Daniel Harvey has been designed as your successor 
 and would have long since embarked, had the ship been 
 ready. 
 
 I imagined this to be by your own desire, but waiting upon 
 your lady on her return she informed me that you were so 
 far from desiring this, that you understood nothing thereof. 
 Sir Daniel tells me he shall very soon begin his voyage. I hope 
 by that time it will be no surprise to you. 
 
 " The great atchievments of France, their growth of power 
 and dominion, alarme the vicinage, which must in time bee 
 precarious, princes and states and tenents at his will, if he 
 dilated and extended his empire, as he was like to doe, for any 
 opposition that Spaine was either able or careful to give him. 
 After several addresses by France to England and the United 
 Provinces, courting them into confederacy or at least neutrality 
 and charessing them with plausible offers in general (which 
 beinge pressed unto particulars proved like Sodom fruite 
 faire in shew and uppon pressure turning to dust) and his 
 declaration of propensnes to agreement uppon reasonable 
 termes, and proposing in order therunto an alternative, that 
 in recompence of his right of devolution he would accept of all 
 his acquests of the last Campania, or else such and such 
 countryes and townes (from which he began at last to fall as 
 his fortune did rise), his Majesty and the Estates entred into 
 a defensive league and mutual engagement for the quenching 
 of this flame which was like to sett Christendom in combustion ; 
 first to compel Spaine to accept of this alternative, and if they 
 would doe so, then to enforce France to yeeld to it. Neither 
 party was free and forward to the peace, not France, as being 
 unwillinge to take a parte and share of those countryes by 
 treaty when he had reason enough to be confident of getting 
 all of them by conquest ; Spaine, however, unable to manage 
 the warre, yet hoped that interest would excite their neighbors 
 not to suffer Flanders to fall into the handes of the French. 
 After many tergiversations and ambages* (France being 
 ready to catch at any occasion that might disturbe the peace 
 and not provoke England and Holland) a peace is concluded 
 at Aeon [Aix-la-Chapelle] and if the ratification com from 
 Spaine by the 21st of this month, which we have little doubt of, 
 the warre will cease, but in the meane time the French remit 
 not their levyes nor cease to ransacke the countryes, which, 
 when they shal be restored, will not soone or easily be recovered. 
 The French King hath no little animosity and indignation 
 against Holland, to whose account he placeth the stop given 
 him in this carreer. His plenipotentiary, Colbert, is gonne 
 
 * Circumlocutions.
 
 605 
 
 from Aeon uppon some secret negotiation with the Princes 
 of the Rhine, which gives Holland no little umbrage, doubtinge 
 it is a designe to their providing, especially since the Bishop of 
 Munster hath made great levyes, which are supposed to be 
 carried on by French monyes, and will not disband them at the 
 instance of Holland, and besides the French King speakes 
 favourably of, and as if he would espouse the interest of the 
 Knights of Malta, uppon the pretensions they have to their 
 lands possessed by the United Provinces. Our Parliament 
 rose on Saturday last, adjourning till August, but are not like 
 to meete then, unles some emergent occasion indicate it, 
 which we cannot divine. The Parliament hath beene very 
 warme and vehement in researching into the miscarriages 
 of the late warre, but there hath beene more noyse then effect. 
 They long since drove away the Chancellor, who fell more by 
 the displeasure of his Majesty then our impeachment. 
 Mr. Branker was accused for having brought commands to 
 the master of the Royal Charles (contrary to those formerly 
 given by his Royal Highnes when he went to rest), to lower 
 and slacke his sailes, wherby we were frustrate of the fruites 
 of a glorious victory. Mr. Branker would not endure the 
 tryal but fled into France. Sir William Penne was impeached 
 about breaking bulke of the East Indian ships taken as prizes 
 and imbezellinge great quantityes of rich goods, but he staid 
 to weather the charge, which, still lyes in the lords' house, 
 being transfer'd there from ours. We have given his Majesty 
 300,000 pounds to be raised upon sale of wine, for two or three 
 yeeres at most, and to be for the equippinge of an extra- 
 ordinary fleete this yeere. About the time of risinge happened 
 an unlucky accident, which sett the two houses in a flame 
 which was at the highest, when they broke up. One Skinner 
 (a very inconsiderable fellow, but supported by a great lorde), 
 preferd a petition to the lords' house against the East Indian 
 Company, many of which society are members of our house. 
 The Company pleaded to the jurisdiction of the Lords' house in 
 original causes, which came not there by writt of error, or 
 revew, and in giving dammages betwixt party and party sine 
 sacramento legalium hominum, and arbitrarily, and not secundum 
 legem terrae, the lords, offended at this, gave Skinner 6,000 
 pounds dammage ; the East Indian Company appeales to 
 our house by a petition which more irritates the lordes. Several 
 conferences we had, but without effect, in fine we vote that he 
 which shall execute the judgment and order of the lordes, 
 shalbe deemed a betrayer of the libertyes and rights of the 
 Commons and an inf ringer of the privileges of their house. 
 The lords proceeded to commit the deputy of the East India 
 Company and to fine him 300 pounds to the Kinge, for pre- 
 ferringe the petition to our house ; amid these flames we rose. 
 Som addresse hath beene since made to his Majesty to remit 
 the fine, wheruppon followes enlargement, but the King will 
 not intermingle in the busines, nor disoblige one party to
 
 506 
 
 engage the other. I wish some expedient might be excogitated 
 to reconcile this difference, least it shocke the government." 
 21 pp. 
 
 CONSUL L ANNOY to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1668, May 24. Aleppo. The Dutch have been making war 
 against the King of Macassa, in hopes, in the end, to procure our 
 nation's and the Portugal's expulsion. Their first engagement 
 was successful, but the King repaired his army and gave 
 them a great overthrow, wherein 500 Dutch and near 10,000 
 of their associates were slain. 
 
 At Batavia they profess their loss to be small, but their 
 haste to send away fresh supplies argues the truth of what is 
 reported. The English Agent sent some barrels of powder to 
 the King of Macassa, "who, doubtless, hath suffered much for 
 our sakes." 
 
 One of the ships sent by the Dutch to China has returned 
 well freighted with merchandise. " The Dutch report hopes 
 of a future trade, yet was the rest of their fleet secured, and 
 their embassador onward (sic) his way to Pekin, where its 
 supposed by the Chineses their reception will not be to their 
 liking ; yet by their large presents tis thought they will 
 procure the avaritious courtiers to interpose betweene the 
 Emperour and them, and they will not be sparing of any 
 cost to obtaine a trade so rich and profitable." 
 
 They have not yet attempted aught against Bombain. 
 Fort St. George continues in its unhappy condition ; 
 Sir Edward Winter still in possession, and the agent under 
 restraint. 
 
 The Portugal Armado went out, but was forced to return 
 with loss of divers men by sickness ; " and it was generally 
 reported that those hidalgoes to whom the care of furnishing 
 the armado with provisions was entrusted had gaimed away 
 the money, and so had not wherewithall to comply." The 
 Portugals' weakness has encouraged Sevage to quarrel with 
 them, who, falling into their territories near Goa, has plundered 
 and burnt there, and carried away 1,300 prisoners. The 
 Vice-Re has since made peace with him. 
 
 On the 21 January last, no French ships were arrived at 
 Surat, which has much discontented their intended chief, he 
 " having contracted large ingagements which he feares will be 
 expected before he can discharge them." 
 
 " The King of India's extraordinary zeale to promote 
 his own superstition and gaine proselytes is very troublesome 
 to the poore Bannians and Hendus, whome to trappan into 
 inconveniencies his wicked emissaryes are imployed, and after- 
 ward they are forced to turne Mahometans ; which diligence 
 and fervency of the King's his reverend mollas perswade him 
 to believe will instate him in a great equality to the Prophet 
 Mahomet in another world ; but whilst he is thus humouring 
 his foolish churchmen, he disobligeth his nobles and souldiers
 
 507 
 
 who are not so zealously bent, and tis believed he will not 
 raigne long without some disturbance from them. . . . 
 
 " Oran Zeb and Sevage are said to have concluded a firme 
 league, and tis credibly reported that the King's army is 
 marched against Vizapore, chief e citty of Decan, whose King 
 will doubtlesse be assisted by his uncle and neighbour, the 
 King of Gulcondah. Notwithstanding the warr has so bad 
 an influence on those parts in India, where the Dutch are so 
 potent, yet by the prudence and good conduct of the President, 
 Sir George Oxinden, at Surat, our nation continue in very good 
 esteeme with the country people, and have lately received a 
 signall testimony of the King's favour, being a new Phermaund 
 [firman ?] sent them, wherein he hath remitted part of the 
 customes we formerly paid, which was 3| per cent, and now 
 is but 2, and granted our nacion other priviledges and 
 immunities, to their no lesse honour then profit, which makes 
 them desirous of shipping againe, that so the honourable 
 Company may reape the benefit thereof. . . . 
 
 " My lord, it hath pleased God to deprive his Majestic 
 of that honourable person Sir Garvase Lucas, his Governor of 
 Bombain, who dyed of an apoplectique distemper, being 
 sick but three daies. Mr. Henry Gary, who was lieut. -governor 
 by order of his Majestic succeeds him in the government," 
 who "writes me" that he had already increased his 
 Majesty's revenue from 1,100?. to 6,500Z. per annum. He 
 has also further fortified the place, which is now in so good 
 a posture that he has little fear of any hurt the enemy could 
 do them. 
 
 The Latin Fathers from Bassora are now at Gombroone, 
 who inform me that when Hassan Bassa of Bassora 
 found himself unable to withstand the Grand Signer's forces, 
 he ordered all the inhabitants to depart within twenty-four 
 hours, gave the plunder of the city to his own soldiers, 
 then burnt and razed it to the ground, and is now at 
 Spahaune . 
 
 " A Latin Father from Tauris acquainted Mr. Flower, 
 the English Agent [at Gombroon], that Monsieur Taverneir 
 was dead. What care will be taken for preserving those 
 great quantities of Jewells which Taverneir had, I know 
 not." 
 
 Mr. Flower writes that M. de la Bouley (one of the five 
 deputies), a gentleman of the King of France's bedchamber, 
 was murdered in passing the Ganges, and, as it is suspected, 
 by his own servants. At Shamokey and thereabouts, upwards 
 of 500 houses have perished by an earthquake. In the country 
 round Cassumbuzar is such a great famine that the natives 
 sell their children for rice, and the mortality is greater than 
 for many years before. 
 
 Postscript. The report of M. Taverneir's death at Tauris is 
 a mistake. " It was one Mr. Tavernott, who was sent about 
 the French affaires." 7 pp.
 
 THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA to SIR GEORGE OXINDEN. 
 
 1668, May 27. Pera. I pray you, in the whole, not to lay 
 out above 100J. or 1201. for me (providing only a small quantity 
 of the roots of Bengala and the stones of Dio &c.), and to 
 send the things hither, as I reckon to be in England in a few 
 months. 
 
 I am glad to hear the East India Company have Bombain 
 given them by his Majesty, and that it was happily preserved 
 and the Dutch defeated in their designs upon it by your 
 discretion and good conduct. I hope the fruit of so much care 
 and vigilance will never be blasted by the negligence of others. 
 Though we are now in peace, yet we ought not to leave a door 
 open for sinister accidents. It would be well for us to imitate 
 and emulate the Dutch, who carefully fortify wherever there 
 is place for it, and never think they have done enough in that 
 particular, if there be room for more. I expect my successor 
 may arrive in five or six months, after which I will hasten 
 home, where I shall be glad to meet with so good a neighbour 
 as yourself. Letter Book, ii, p. 422. f p. 
 
 THE SAME to SECRETARY MORICE. 
 
 1668, May 28. Pera. Though your letters were so long 
 in reaching me that the news they brought me "I had before 
 in common rumours and ordinary gazettes," yet an account of 
 affairs from your judicious pen was highly welcome to me. 
 His Royal Highness's recovery from the desease which has 
 fatally blasted some of our royal branches, filled me with 
 thankfulness for so great a mercy. 
 
 Through an Italian gentleman, one Peroti, who lived with 
 me here some time and was formerly of the bedchamber to 
 the King of Poland, I privately enquired that King's intention 
 about using the mediation of our master here. The reply was 
 that the King found himself necessitated to use the French 
 Ambassador in this Court. He is surely unhappy in such 
 necessity, for the French so ill sustain their own interest 
 here that their mediation for others may hurt, but cannot 
 help. If the Grand Signer can free himself from the war in 
 Candia, he may teach the Poles not to content themselves 
 with any, but to seek the best support they can find. Nothing 
 can tempt the Venetians to use the French any longer in their 
 affairs, which is partly the result of my endeavours. It is said 
 they have obtained permission to introduce an ambassador 
 of their own, "who, unless he brings the keyes of Candia with 
 him, may in probability run the same fortune with his pre- 
 decessor " and be clapt in prison, for want of the shelter which 
 his Majesty's interest here might be to them. Ibid. p. 423. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD ARLINGTON. 
 
 1668, May 28. Is " crucified in an earnest expectation" of 
 his successor's arrival, that he may hasten home.
 
 609 
 
 The diamond seal ring of his Majesty, once offered to sale 
 in Smyrna, was sold to Van Wick, commander of the Dutch 
 Company at Gombroone, for 1,000 dollars in 1665, but after 
 the death of the purchaser was sent to Batavia to General 
 Massugre and his Council. This is what Ta vernier told him, 
 who sold it as above. Complains of the conduct of Captain 
 Morgan at Smyrna, who has given the Turks much provocation. 
 They have, contrary to their custom, been very tame and 
 moderate, but the danger is not yet quite blown over. Letter 
 Book, ii, p. 424. 1 p. [Original in 8.P. Turkey.] 
 
 SIB HENEAOB FINCH to his son [DANIEL FINCH]. 
 1668, June 1-12 (sic). Monday. In answer to your desires, 
 "I give you leave to stay until Sir John Trevor prepare to 
 return or receive new orders for a fixed residence there, and so 
 doth your mother too ; for wee think it a fortunat circumstance 
 of your tra veils that you have gotten to bee under his protection. 
 . . . And I have reason to beleive his stay will not be long, 
 because my Lord St. Albans is returning thither. ... It 
 would seem strange in me to give you admonition to avoyd 
 the plague, which they say is broke out at Paris, or the dangers 
 of being out of your lodgings late at night, which by the 
 return of the disbanded soldiers to Paris are sayd to be very 
 frequent and very mortall ; but these are your mother's 
 cautions." I long to see you and give you a true welcome. 1 p. 
 
 SIB NOBTON KNATCHBULL to THE EAEL OP WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1668, June 8. Mersham Hatch. Your lordship's of the 
 28th of July, 1667, from Belgrade, " it was my unhappiness 
 not to receyve till the 20th of May last at Rochester, on which 
 day myselfe among many other of your lordship's deputy 
 lieutenants waited on the Duke of Richmond who is by his 
 Majesty made joint lieutenant with your lordship. . . . Our 
 chiefe buysines was to receyve commissions, as many as were 
 present, from his Grace. Some new ones were added 
 to the former then, as to Sir John Austen and Sir Walter Vane, 
 and some I hear since to others, as to Sir Charles Sidley and 
 to Sir Vere Vane, brother to my Lord of Westmerland. . . . 
 There were orders made that the foot in the severall regiments 
 should be all furnished with red coates, only his Grace his owne 
 regiment, in the lath of Aylesford, is to be cloathed in yellow 
 and blacke, which are his colours. His company he hath 
 made choice of is that of Sir John Tufton's of the towne of 
 Maidstone, and Sir John hath that which was Mr. Francis 
 Barnliam's, who hath been dead ever since Christmas, to the 
 unspeakable griefe of his father, who had no more sonnes 
 but him. . . . 
 
 " I do heartily wish your lordship were againe at home to 
 give your directions to this end of the country, which is in no 
 very good order, nor, I doubt, will be till your lordship comes,
 
 510 
 
 Sir Edward Bering is not yet returned from Ireland, but we 
 looke for him every day, his employment there being now, I 
 suppose, at an end. As touching my Lord of Maidstone, I 
 cannot but really lament his case . . . but, I hope, if all be 
 true as I hear and presume it is, that pretended maryage may 
 be prevented by some more ordinary way then by Parliament." 
 Your three Turkish sons are come to Eastwell and are all well, 
 as also your two other sons at Wye. 2 pp. 
 
 SIR ROGER TWYSDEN to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1668, June 22. East Peckham. " There is nothing hath 
 of late fild more the heads and tongues of men then a judgment 
 given in the lords' howse upon a commoner, in prima instantia, 
 which is looked upon by some as a burying of the regall power 
 and liberty of the subject . . . for if they may originally 
 judge a commoner and his rights, within a small tyme 
 Westminster Hall may stand idle and they the only supream 
 judycatory of the nation, which they assure themselves to 
 be contrary to the auntient laws of the land, where unusquisque 
 per pares suos judicandus est. . . . There is nothing that I 
 know in it more taken notice of then an argument of yours, 
 which is sayd to have been so acute and punctuall, as it made 
 the lords troubled, and put the Earl of Anglesey, who was 
 to reply to it, into some distemper." I pray you lend it me ; 
 I will return it safely and speedily. " I know you have heard 
 all the story of my lord Duke's putting me out of beeing a 
 deputy-lieutenant, which truly troubles me not at all ; all 
 that doth, is that I hear he says he did it by hys Majesties 
 expresse command. I am not concious to myself of any ille- 
 deserving of the King, and to desire to conforme myself to 
 his lawes I hope he will not interpret a cause of dislike, but I 
 confesse it makes mee [think ?] I will never accept it again, 
 but upon his expresse command. I doe remember coat and 
 conduct mony to have been [one] of the first things layd hold 
 on to make the late good Prince odious. I observe the Parlia- 
 ment in the late Act of 14 to , p. 46, provides for conduct money, 
 but no whit for coating the souldyer; would it bee wise in 
 me to tread in the same steps [that] exposed so good a King, 
 and that so fresh in memory too, unto so great envy. I 
 promise you I should bee sory to have my hand appear in 
 the doing of it," and I hope his Majesty will excuse me. 
 
 " I am very glad to hear my cosen Danyell is so well returned ; 
 every body speaks him a very fine gentleman, and one you 
 and your lady are likely to have much comfort in." 1 p. 
 Seal of arms. 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 1668, July 20. Smyrna. I send this express to acquaint 
 your Excellency of the condition of the John and Abigail,
 
 611 
 
 which has now been detained two months at Scio not yet 
 unladen, "to the total ruine of Capt. Morgan and his marriners, 
 who now having had the come aboard four months, have 
 consumed all their provisions ; the seamen are in a mutiny, 
 and the corne, through the heat of the weather and the ship, 
 heated and spoyJed. I have used all the meanes possible with 
 the Captain Pashaw . . . but nothing hath beene able to 
 move him." The captain beseeches you to intercede on 
 his behalf, that his ship may not be made a magazine for the 
 Grand Signer. 
 
 I hear that your lady left the ship at Gravesend, where she 
 was met by Mr. Howard with his barge, and carried direct 
 to his Majesty at Whitehall with your sons, " by whom, and 
 the Queene, she was received with all demonstrations of 
 affection and joy." 3 pp. 
 
 CHARLES II to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1668, Aug. 3. Court at Whitehall. Desiring him, upon 
 Sir Daniel Harvey's arrival, to surrender to him the seal with 
 the Bang's arms, which has been in his own custody as 
 ambassador. Sign Manual. Countersigned by Arlington. 
 Seal. 1 p. 
 
 SIR ROGER TWYSDEN to SIR HENEAGE FINCH. 
 
 1668, Aug. 3. I humbly thank you for your papers, which 
 I return as very great jewels, to be carefully looked to. "In 
 my simple opinion, if the lords get the poynt of a generall 
 judicature over a commoner . . . wee may, in a short tyme, 
 taulk of liberty, but find none. 
 
 " For the poynt in question, I well remember speaking with an 
 eminent Parliamentaryan in the late long one, yet beef ore they 
 broke out to the excesses of a war, and saying if there should 
 bee such a misery hang over the nation as a war, such as were 
 for the King would bee safer then the other, there beeing 
 nothing they could legally loose ; to which he replyed, he 
 did not doubt, did they prevayl, but by a judgement in the 
 lords' howse, on an impeachment from the Commons, there 
 would bee means found to possesse the estates of any opposed 
 them. 
 
 [Discusses the precedents brought forward by the lords, 
 and concludes that all must be judged by their peers, and as 
 the Commons " have not the lords their peers," they cannot 
 be judged by them, any more than the King can.] 
 
 But where you say " there is 20 in the Howse of Commons 
 that are interested, for whom you pray the benefit of theire 
 priviledge, that is, that they can not bee sued ; under favor, I 
 conceive no one of those eyther hath or can have such an 
 immunyty, and heere I shall give you no other then the answer 
 of the Parliament at Gloucester, 2 Ric. 2, to the Abbot of 
 Westminster, clayming the like freedom for such as fled to 
 them for sanctuary ; That neither God, saving hys perfection,
 
 512 
 
 nor the Pope his sainctety, nor any Prince, could graunt such 
 a priviledge, and if they should, no Church (or Howse of 
 Commons) ought to accept it. ... beeing in it self a sinne 
 and an occasion of sinne, to delay a man of recovering his just 
 debt. Thus far the Roll. You know with what great restric- 
 tions that is, at the beginning of every Parliament, assented 
 to by the King. . . . Pray consider whether this bee a priviledge 
 fit to bee insisted on, or not rather (if there bee such an one) 
 to bee absolutely taken away. It is trewe in former tymes, 
 when 14 days or three weekes concluded a session, it might 
 bee tolerated, but now they last most part of the year and 
 protect from the hand of justice not lesse than 10,000 men, 
 I shall leave to you the consideration whether, if there bee 
 such a right, it bee not fit to bee removed. 
 
 " I had thought to have added heere a word or two of the 
 scandalous way now used in coming into your Howse, in 
 captivating men's voyces by feasting, drinking &c. . . . but 
 I have wandered too far allready and wearyed you too much. 
 I entreat you therefore, to burne all that above, and present 
 my most humble service to your lady, for whose health and 
 happinesse I shall ever pray." 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to CONSUL LANNOY. 
 
 1668, Aug. 4. Belgrade. Is commanded by his Majesty 
 to procure for him as soon as possible, the " best Alexandrian 
 senna in their codds " [pods] ; the freshest seeds of wormseeds ; 
 of that sort of poppy whence they make their opium ; and of 
 the scamonie plant ; therefore, prays Lannoy to make search 
 for them at once and send them to Edw. Proger, esquire, 
 a groom of his Majesty's bedchamber. 
 
 Newman assures me of your readiness to welcome my son. 
 On his arrival, you may tell him that I have received a 
 letter from his mother of the 20th April, who was then well, 
 God be praised. Also that I understand the new ambassador 
 may depart by July, therefore he must not take all that 
 leisure at Aleppo which your kindness may invite him to, 
 but must hasten hither. I am sorry for Mr. Frampton's 
 indisposition, and kindly thank those gentlemen whose better 
 health let them take the trouble to meet my son. Letter 
 Book, ii, p. 425. 1 p. 
 
 CONSUL RYCAUT to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1668, Aug. 11. Smyrna. Complaining that the John and 
 Abigail is still detained at Scio with the Grand Signer's corn, 
 " which, with worms and the heat of the season is wholly 
 damaged." 3| pp. 
 
 M. DE LIONNE. 
 
 [1668.] Paper endorsed, " Monsieur de Lyone's advice 
 to the French King." Headed, " The copie of a paper given 
 by the Baron of Isola, 12th August, 1668," Opposing the
 
 513 
 
 views of those who urge the King to make an immediate 
 attack upon the Low Countries, and giving reasons for believing 
 that, in spite of his Majesty's great prosperity, he would do 
 well for the present to avoid war. 7 pp. 
 
 GIOVANNI, BARON DI FRBISHEIM, Serjeant-General in Candia, 
 to THE EARL OP WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1668, Aug. 16-26. Candia. Thanking his Excellency for 
 great kindness shown to his lieutenant, Andreas Sieffert. 
 Has a particular incentive to serve the King of Great Britain, 
 seeing that his father enjoys the title of Resident for his Majesty 
 at Acquis-Grana [Aix la Chapelle], and in 1654 had the honour 
 to receive the King in his own house, and to profess his readiness 
 to offer not only his substance but his blood for the royal cause. 
 Will not fail to notify his Excellency's favours to his father, 
 and also to the Sieur [Sir William] Temple, who is now lodging 
 in their house. 
 
 As to the treaty between Spain and France, he has no certain 
 information. If his Excellency could get the Porte to make 
 a new order for the liberation of Capt. Reinaldo Sigismondo 
 Rinsleben, of his regiment, now a slave to the Grand Signor, 
 it would be a great increase to his renown. 
 
 For news of the defence of Candia, he refers his Excellency 
 to the bearer. They are doing all that soldiers of honour can, 
 and although he is still weak from his grievous wound, he hopes 
 to take his part in the assault which is probably impending. 
 Italian. 3 pp. 
 
 ANDREAS SIEFFERT to THE SAME. 
 
 1668, [Aug. 22-]Sept. 1. Candia. Announcing his safe 
 return to Candia, and expressing his ardent thanks for the 
 infinite benefits received from his Excellency, to whom he 
 owes the liberty he now enjoys. Col. Freisheim's regiment 
 joins in offering thanks to his Excellency. Candia defends 
 and will defend herself bravely against the Turks ; that is, 
 with the expected succours from the Emperor, France and 
 Italy. Letter Book, ii, p. 425. \\ pp. 
 
 BARON DI FREISHEIM to THE SAME. 
 
 1668, [Aug. 23-] Sept. 2. Candia. Since writing his letter 
 of August 16-26, Lieutenant Andreas Sieffert has arrived, a 
 living testimony of his Excellency's charity towards a poor 
 slave, who owes to him his life and his liberty. Ibid. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF ARLINGTON to THE SAME. 
 
 1668, Aug. 29. Your letters all tell me of your cheerful 
 submission to his Majesty's pleasure in sending your successor, 
 " and if your Excellency reflect upon the time you have 
 been in that employment, I am sure you cannot wonder at it, 
 tho' I may truely say I had no other part in this change, but 
 Wt. 29495. FI 33
 
 514 
 
 in submitting to his Majesty's will therein as you doe." 
 Sir Daniel Harvey's near relation to your family by Mr. Solicitor 
 General, will sufficiently incline you to help him with all 
 necessary information, as I am sure your care of his Majesty's 
 service would otherwise do. I pray you do all in your power to 
 procure him a speedy entrance into his employment. 
 Signed. l pp. 
 
 Endorsed as received November 27. 
 
 H. HOWARD OF NORFOLK to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1668, Sept. 5. London. " ... I was, a Tewsday last, to 
 have kist your lady's handes at the Duchesses in Surey, butt 
 her ladyship was gone the day before to her sister Southamton's 
 for awhyle. ... I ever did and doe offer my selfe to both your 
 Excellencies with a true and sincere zeale to serve you in all 
 I can without reserve. I hope now it will nott be long ere wee 
 here the good newse of your lordship's aproach to your native 
 soyle ..." Holograph. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to EDWARD PROGER. 
 
 1668, Sept. 14. Pera. Deploring the fact that his letter of 
 Jan. 25, 1666-7, only arrived on the 4th of August last. " What 
 remedy then was room for " he applied by writing at once 
 to the consul at Aleppo* (who is likeliest to execute the 
 commission quickly) and pressing the matter "according to 
 the urgency thereof." Letter Book, ii, p. 425. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to HENRY HOWARD. 
 
 1668, Sept. 20. Pera. I use this opportunity to render 
 you my many thanks " for your so kind reception of my 
 most deare wife and children in the river, and accompanying 
 them up to London. For wearie persons, after the irkesomeness 
 of a sea voyage and long estrangedness from their countrie, to 
 fall under such good conduct and pilotship at the entering into 
 their port must be a refreshment to cancell the tediousnesse 
 of the moneths past." You are so perfectly skilled in the art 
 of obliging as to know how to accompany a generous action 
 with those circumstances which give it relish and value, and 
 I shall have reason to " quarrel my fortune " all my life, if 
 she does not afford me the means to make you some amends. 
 Ibid. p. 426. 1 p. 
 
 THE GUARDIAN OF MOUNT SIGN to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1668, [Sept, 23- jOct, 3. Jerusalem. I should have thanked 
 fate had I been allowed the opportunity of showing my 
 respect to your Excellency in this holy city, but although 
 this full consolation has been denied to me, I hold mvself 
 
 * See p. 512 above,
 
 515 
 
 favoured, insomuch as you have deigned to send me a part 
 of yourself in the person of Lord Maidstone, your most worthy 
 first born, who, in conformity with your strict commands 
 has been received and treated as a pilgrim, although it would 
 have been repugnant to my great obligations to you, and to 
 the claim of his great merit, to receive with such lack of due 
 observances this most dear pledge of your Excellency, if I 
 had not known the impossibility with my poor means of 
 making his reception in any way in proportion to what it 
 should be. Relying on the innate kindness of my so gracious 
 lord, I go on to implore of your Excellency the continuation 
 of 3' > our so long experienced patronage and favour towards 
 these holy places, my poor self and your devoted family, by 
 your deigning to recommend them to your successor and to 
 represent our miseries by word of mouth to their Majesties 
 of Britain, whom may God guard. Humbly prostrating our- 
 selves to earth, we implore the favour of their grace and 
 powerful protection, and that your Excellency may have a 
 good reason for employing yourself on our behalf, I venture 
 to send you some memorials which I pray you to present to 
 their Majesties, together with some relics, as a proof of our 
 devotion and gratitude for their most pious inclinations towards 
 these holy places, begging you also to accept in my name 
 what will be presented to you by Signer Toniaso. 
 
 Not further to weary your Excellency with the prolixity of 
 my tedious pen, and thanking you for all your efforts at the 
 Porte on behalf of the Holy Land, I wish your Excellency 
 a most happy return to your native land, with all happiness 
 and the prosperous preservation of your whole house, for the 
 increase of which I have not failed, with my weak orisons and 
 the prayers of my monks to appeal to the mercy of the 
 divine Majesty. Signed : Fra. Francesco Mana Polizzi, 
 Guardian of Mt. Sion. Italian. 2J- pp. 
 
 M. DE LA HAYE, French Ambassador, to THE EARL OF 
 WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1668, Oct. [13-]23. Sends two little printed booklets, 
 which he thinks his Excellenc} 7 will be glad to read, but prays 
 that he will allow no one to see them but himself. The 
 weather is so bad in the country that he is leaving it next 
 week. The favourite has been ill en chemin, but is now better. 
 French. 1 p. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD ARLINGTON. 
 
 1668, Oct. 22. Pera. Sending copies of some of his late 
 letters, as he understands from his wife that they have 
 either lingered or strayed. The Venetian Ambassador has 
 arrived at this Court. Letter Book. \ p. [Original in S.P. 
 Turkey.]
 
 516 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to LORD ARLINGTON. 
 
 1668, Nov. 13. [Pera.] The Queen is brought to bed of a 
 daughter, and is ordered by the Grand Signor to go to Larissa, 
 an argument that he does not intend to return to Adrianople 
 or " hither ." An ambassador extraordinary is expected from 
 France with high demands, some men of war and a fire ship. 
 "The issue may be verie odd." Letter Book, p. 427. 1 p. 
 [Original in 8.P. Turkey.] 
 
 THE SAME to SIR DANIEL HARVEY. 
 
 1668, Nov. 28. Pera. I most affectionately congratulate 
 your arrival at Smyrna, and hope soon to embrace you here, 
 both in respect of your merits as my successor, and of my 
 own ease and discharge. " As our affaires have suffered no 
 declention of late yeares, so I am sure the posture they are in 
 will be well maintained by your prudence and conduct." I 
 shall not only wish you all advantages conducible to that 
 end, but contribute to them as far as possibly I can. Ibid, 
 p. 429. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to CONSUL RYCAUT. 
 
 1668, Dec. 3. [Pera.] I have received the ambassador's 
 letter from Smyrna, and have sent letters to him there and at 
 the Castles ; also an order from the Cimacham to the commander 
 of the Castles to receive him with what honour he can, in the 
 absence of the Porte. The ambassador tells me that if I wish 
 to return in the Leopard, I must be ready to start on his arrival, 
 as the captain has his Majesty's commands to hasten back. 
 You know well that it is impossible for me to do so without 
 leave of the Porte, and that is not to be obtained until his 
 Majesty's letter is received and the ambassador is arrived. 
 The great distance the Court is from hence is likewise to be 
 considered, and this you may tell the captain, that so I may 
 be no hindrance to his voyage. Ibid. p. 428. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to SIR DANIEL HARVEY. 
 
 1668, Dec. 4. Pera. Your letter of November 18th came 
 to my hands but yesterday. I kindly thank you for your 
 notice concerning my return in the Leopard, and wish it agreed 
 with the posture of affairs here as well as it does with my 
 inclination. But the Court being errant and far away will 
 retard me much beyond my will, for I cannot get licence to 
 depart until I have delivered His Majesty's letters to the 
 Grand Signor and Vizier, and they are not yet arrived. I 
 believe I shall receive them from your lordship. If they had 
 come earlier, I might have got leave to depart as soon as 
 your lordship arrived. Ibid. p. 430. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to CHARLES II. 
 
 1668, Dec. 8. Pera. The embassy which, by his Majesty's 
 goodness, he has enjoyed for some years being now near its
 
 517 
 
 end, he cannot leave the seat of it without expressing his 
 humble thanks. He has applied himself faithfully and diligently 
 to serve his Majesty's honour, and "the insolencies of the Turks 
 have got no victories" over his endeavours. He leaves things 
 in a posture wherein he hopes they will be continued, if not 
 bettered, to which end he will give his best counsels and assis- 
 tance to his successor, and then hasten to kiss his Majesty's 
 hands. Letter Book, p. 431. f p. [Original in 8. P. Turkey.} 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE DUKE OF YORK. 
 
 1668, Dec. 8. Pera. Apologising for the non-arrival of a 
 letter which has evidently miscarried, and assuring his Highness 
 of his desire to be witness of and emulate those virtues which 
 have made his Highness so estimable. Ibid. p. 431. f p. 
 
 THE SAME to LORD ARLINGTON. 
 
 1668, Dec. 9. Pera. Has taken care for the reception of 
 his successor, and will do all he can " to impress a character 
 of his worth and quality " and to sustain the dignity of the 
 King on this occasion. As for this change, in which his 
 lordship professes to have no part, it is infinitely pleasing to 
 him, and will satisfy his chiefest longings by setting him once 
 again in the presence of his gracious sovereign. Ibid. p. 431. 
 p. [Original in S.P. Turkey.] 
 
 JOHN COOKE* to SIR JOHN FINCH, Resident at Florence. 
 
 1668, Dec. 18. Whitehall. Secretary Trevor talks with 
 much satisfaction of the correspondence you had with him 
 when he was in Paris, and hopes for more in his new station. 
 A Council of Trade has lately been erected, and the project of 
 the treaty negotiated by you with the Duke of Savoy has 
 been laid before them, which they highly applaud, but desire 
 that the treaty made in 1627 or 1629 with that Prince's pre- 
 decessor may be sought out " in the Archives of the Papers 
 of State, to see upon what foot it stood, and how far it may 
 quadrate " with that your honour is making. Parliament was 
 to have been prorogued until Oct. 19, " but an objection 
 having been made since that such an anticipating prorogation 
 would hinder the Houses from meeting the first of March (till 
 which day they adjourned at their last recesse), and so not 
 only virtually but effectually dissolve them, it was this day 
 ordered that they should meet on the said first of March . . . 
 and the prorogation to commence immediately thereupon.'' 
 1 p. Seal of arms. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to THE PRINCE OF MOLDAVIA. 
 
 [1668, December ?] I rejoice in your Excellency's promo- 
 tion to the Principality of Moldavia, and auger every happiness 
 
 * Olio of the uuder-secretaries.
 
 from your rule. My master has given me orders to have a 
 great care for his subjects in your country and to do them all 
 good offices. Eliasco Voda, your predecessor (although 
 indebted to me), has treated them very badly. I cannot 
 pretend that your Excellency is under any obligations to me, 
 but I believe you to be just and honourable, and doubt not but 
 that you will favour them in all reasonable matters, and thus 
 will never fail to have the support of my King and his 
 ambassador at this Porte. Letter Book, ii, p, 433. Italian. 
 
 THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA to SIR JOHN FINCH. 
 
 1668-9, Jan. 20-30. Pera. I intend to keep a correspon- 
 dence with you in Italian, that I may not forget the little I 
 have learnt. You must pardon my faults, especially when 
 I write in haste. [The rest of the letter is in Italian.] Never 
 in the future will any ambassador return to his native land 
 with more satisfaction than I do. My arrival here was 
 harassed by illness and I have since suffered the death of my 
 daughter, but these things I accepted as being from the hand 
 of God. To speak freely, the embassy at Constantinople 
 is made much more painful by internal affairs than by external 
 difficulties. To be bound by the humours of the merchants 
 is insupportable to anyone who has a mind capable of treating 
 of other matters than avanias, and to be at the disposition of 
 those who know no interest that but of the Company is too 
 hard for one who is born to serve his King. I can boast, 
 however, of having done my part, and if they enjoy as much 
 peace in the future as they have done in my time, they will 
 be happy. 
 
 I thank God that I am going, and shall soon be far away 
 from the thousand dangers which here trouble mind and body : 
 plague, earthquake, loneliness, fire, avanias ; moreover, the 
 daily sight of indecency of religion, pride of the Residents, 
 thieving of servants, cheating of druggermen, impertinence of 
 the Turks, and stupidity of the Greeks are not these things 
 spurs to a gentleman to make his escape from hence as quickly 
 as lie may ? To speak in the fashion of this country, I am 
 leaving purgatory for paradise. In a few days I shall take 
 my way by Walachia and Transilvania, and make my 
 way by land to the ocean, and believe me that when I 
 have kissed the hand of his Majesty, I shall have no interests 
 at heart so much as yours. It may be that we shall meet 
 again in this world, and that I shall be able to show my 
 affection to you. I envy the fine opportunity which the Grand 
 Duke of Tuscany has, who is going to study in the great book 
 of the world, which no one can learn without much travel. 
 Such an exercise would be better both for my purse and my 
 health, and I hope I need not throw all such thoughts to 
 the winds.
 
 619 
 
 The decline of this empire is manifest, not so much by the 
 feebleness of so vast a body caused by the loss of its best blood 
 in the Candia war, but because its head being distracted by a 
 thousand ideas of no value and steeped in deadly lethargy 
 the other members also languish. False money empties the 
 mines of the best gold, changing good denarii into the poorest 
 brass, and this is not the least of the evils which increase the 
 malady of this empire. 
 
 My son goes with me to Holland. Letter Book, ii, p. 433. 
 Italian. 2 pp. 
 
 CARDINAL ROSPIGLIOSI. 
 
 1669, May [1 1-]21, Rome. Pass for the Earl of Winchilsea 
 with his servants and baggage, through the States of the 
 Church. Signed and sealed. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 GIOVANNI AGOSTINO DURAZZO to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1669, May [15-J25. Genoa. Hearing from his brother, 
 Giovanni Luca, at Rome, that his Excellency was on the point 
 of leaving that city, and intends to do him the honour of coming 
 to his house, he begs to tell him that there is in the Gulf of 
 Spezza a galley of their republic, awaiting his Excellency, 
 if he pleases to embark at Lerici ; or which can easily repair 
 to Viarregio or Livorno, if he prefers to leave from one of 
 those ports. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 Enclosing, 
 
 Note from the same, to be shown to the captain of the 
 galley. Italian. \ p. 
 
 THE GRAND DUKE OF TUSCANY. 
 
 1669, [May 22-] June 1. Florence. Pass from Ferdinand II, 
 Grand Duke of Tuscany, for the Earl of Winchilsea, returning 
 into England, with request to all princes, potentates and com- 
 monwealths, to assist him in his journe} r . Signed: " II gran 
 Duca di Tosc." Sealed. 1 p. 
 Also, 
 
 Another, same date, rather differently worded. 
 And, 
 
 Pass for part of the " family " of the Earl of Winchilsea, 
 who are being sent back to England by the Earl. Same 
 date. 
 
 THE GRAND MASTER OF MALTA to THE EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1669, [May 29-]June 8. Malta. Assuring him, with many 
 complimentary expressions, that the arrival of his letter from 
 Messina, emphasizing the courtesy and friendship which his 
 Excellency had already expressed while in this island, has 
 increased his ardent desire to be of service to him ; and praying 
 his Excellency to favour him always with his commands, 
 which will be all the more esteemed when they come from 
 distant lands. Signed Cotonery. Italian. 1 p. Seal of the 
 Order impressed on paper.
 
 520 
 
 THE EARL OF WTNCHILSEA to SIGNOR AGOSTINO DIJRRAZO. 
 
 [1669, end of May.] Acknowledging his great kindness, 
 and also that which he has received from the Marchese, his 
 brother, in Rome. Intends to be at Pisa on Monday evening, 
 and thence will travel post to Lerici and avail himself of the 
 galley to carry him to Genoa. Is travelling incognito, and 
 urgently desires not to cause the least inconvenience in his 
 Excellency's house during the short time of his stay. Draft. 
 Italian, much corrected. 
 
 Gio. LTJCA DURAZZO, Genoese Ambassador at Rome, to THE 
 EARL OF WINCHILSEA. 
 
 1669, June [14-]24. Rome. Expressing his envy of his 
 brother, and his regret that he himself has had no opportunity 
 in Rome to be of service to his Excellency. He shares, 
 however, in the honour done their house in Genoa, and in the 
 obligations which they all owe to him. Hopes shortly to 
 have good news of his Excellency from London, and wishes 
 him all happiness. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 Gio. AGOSTESTO DURAZZO to THE SAME. 
 
 1669, July [3-J13. Genoa. Hopes that by this time he has 
 happily reached his native land. The differences between 
 Genoa and Rome, in consequence of the expulsion of " this 
 inquisator " are settled to mutual satisfaction, as is also the 
 marriage between the Signora Pallavicina and Don Tomaso, 
 nephew of his Holiness. Italian. 2 pp. 
 
 BISHOP DI NOCERA D'AVALOS to THE SAME. 
 
 1669, Aug. [20-J30. Naples. Praying him to petition his 
 Majesty to desire his ambassador at Madrid to do good offices 
 with the King of Spain to get him to send the Bishop's nephew, 
 the Marques de Pescara, as ambassador to Naples ; which 
 would lay the whole house of Avalos under great obligations 
 to his Majesty, and make them ardently desire to be of service 
 to all of the English nation in Italy. Italian. 1 p. 
 
 THE SAME to THE SAME. 
 
 1669, [Oct. 25-] Nov. 4. Naples. Hearing that the English 
 King means to make a quantity of salt in Italy, both in order 
 to maintain a free trade and for the use of his garrison in 
 Tangier, he desires to say that no better place could be found 
 for it than Naples, not only from the good and well seasoned 
 wood to be got there, but from the number of well versed 
 masters of the craft. Knowing the ability and good estate 
 of " Signor Francesco Bruno," the English Consul here, a very 
 clever man. and in good favour with the nobility, he recom- 
 mends him to his Excellency for this office, promising that he 
 and his nephew, the Marques di Pescara, will lend him every 
 aid in their power.
 
 521 
 
 t/n his own writing.'] He may add that their house has, near 
 Naples, two islands, Tschia and Procita, where there are 
 constantly barks and other small vessels. The people are 
 active and able, and Signer Bruno would have assistance in 
 this matter, and protection as well. Italian. 2$ pp. 
 
 Chief Secretary of the Prince of Moldavia to 
 MONSIEUR GEORGE.* 
 
 [1669?] I am here in London, waiting to receive money 
 from Constantinople before I can depart. When we arrived, 
 Lord Winchilsea was 150 miles away, but I spoke with several 
 persons of quality who said how unfair it was that Lord 
 Winchilsea should have made a Prince of Moldavia and 
 received nothing whatever from him. I told them that, on 
 the contrary, the Prince had given, in order to be presented to 
 his lordship, 12,000 sheep and 4,000 crowns, besides a ring 
 worth 1,000 crowns. 
 
 Some time afterwards I visited Lord Winchilsea at Eastwell, 
 and he assured me that he received nothing at all. Now, 
 you know that when we first went into Moldavia, we found 
 200,000 sheep there for the Prince of Duca Bej, of which he 
 presented 12,000 to the ambassador and six thousand to you, 
 and I know that you received and sold all these sheep. Two 
 years later, when we went again into Moldavia, the Prince 
 gave you (to present to the ambassador) 4,000 crowns, a 
 ring worth 1,000 crowns and a horse worth 300 crowns, all of 
 which, you know well, are entered in the Prince's book by 
 my hand, as being his chief secretary. Moreover, all his house- 
 hold know that you received them, therefore, when my Lord 
 Winchilsea told me he had received nothing I said to him 
 what I here say to you. My lord is very angry with you, and 
 would have asked the King to write to the Grand Vizier, but 
 I dissuaded him, and he promises to do nothing, provided that 
 you go to the consul at Smyrna and arrange the matter. 
 Otherwise, he will certainly have a letter sent to the Vizier. 
 He has written to the Consul, making him his procurator in 
 the affair, and I advise you to arrange it as quickly as 
 possible, before it gets known. French. 2| pp. 
 
 THE TURKISH EMPIRE. 
 
 1669. A paper in Lord Winchilsea's handwriting, entitled, 
 Memorandums touching the Turkish Empire ; giving many 
 details about the Sultan and his Court. Amongst them are 
 the following : 
 
 Sultan Mehemet Han is 29 years old, "of a melancholy 
 disposition, his legges swelled and weake, of middle stature, 
 litle given to sleepe, perpetually on horseback and in exercise, 
 a greater lover of his pages than concubines, much given to 
 his religion, a great enemy to Christians, exceedingly greedy 
 
 * Cieorge Druporiis, Winchilsea' s chief interpreter. C/. p. i'J'2 above.
 
 522 
 
 of gold, a great eater and that frequently. He endeavours to 
 lessen daily his expences and to encrease his treasure." He has 
 a son, Mustafa, five years old, and three brothers, Suliman, 
 Selim and Achmet, all of different mothers, about his own age. 
 He wished in 1668 to put his brothers to death, but could not 
 get the Queen Mother's licence because he has only one son. 
 For long the Grand Signers have not married, because a 
 wife is heir to an eighth of the Empire during life ; but any 
 concubine who bears him a son wears a crown, has a great 
 revenue and a court apart. 
 
 He loves his ministers who are present, but forgets those 
 who are absent ; so that if the Vizier wishes to revenge 
 himself on a man, he has only to obtain for him some good 
 office away from the court, and can then punish him as he 
 pleases. 
 
 The Grand Vizir is about 29 years old, " very prudent, 
 honest to his master, but very proud and inexorable ; not 
 given to blood as his father, not mercenary, an enemy to 
 avanias and false pretences. He is learned and religious, and 
 just in his decrees. 
 
 The Grand Signer delights in building, and has repaired and 
 augmented his great seraglio at Constantinople, all with 
 marble, at which 1,000 persons worked for two years. 
 
 There are in the seraglio about 600 women and 3,000 men, 
 who never go out, and serve for the Grand Signer's guard. 
 The provisions and kitchens are sufficient for these and 
 more, for no account is kept for expences, the accounts of 
 the Mutpack Emin or clerk of the kitchen being never seen. 
 Little spice is used, save at the Grand Signer's table ; but 
 100 great butts of lemon-juice are " spent " in a year, and 
 of ambergrease a " vast proportion." They perfume them- 
 selves with it, and put great pieces into their meat, drink and 
 sweetmeats. The Grand Signer's treasure consists in orna- 
 ments ; as vessels of gold and silver, jewels without number, 
 and coin in immense quantity, in chambers built on purpose, 
 " with wells in them to hold vast summes. Every King 
 makes his own chamber for treasure . . . and never one 
 Grand Signer doth touch the mony of his ancestou,rs. . . . 
 That which this Grand Signer layes up is only the richesse 
 of those that dy or that he causes to be put to death," which 
 would amount to an infinite sum, but that his officers cheat 
 him of a great part. The ordinary revenue of the Empire is 
 about 40 millions or thereabouts, but so many of the Grand 
 Signer's subjects are fled or dispersed that it is diminished 
 about two millions yearly, and he has caused many new 
 taxes to be laid. In so vast a body this is not much felt at 
 present, but in time to come will be a great ruin to his 
 subjects. The revenue is of three sorts ; 1st, the tribute of 
 the Christians (four dollars a head for males of 15 3'ears and 
 upwards) ; 2, the avaris or angeria, which is a tenth part of 
 goods of all sorts and paid both by Turks and Christians,
 
 523 
 
 unless they be privileged or in the Grand Signer's pay ; 3, a 
 tax on all merchandise except victuals ; wine, being contrary 
 to the law, pays almost half its value. But besides ordinary 
 taxes, other contributions (as for his journeys and wars), are 
 forced from all, according to what they possess or the gains 
 they make. 
 
 [Here follows an account of the manner of collecting the 
 revenue.] 
 
 The Grand Signor wears rich clothes of cloth of gold and 
 silver, satins and silks, lined with sables, ermines and other 
 furs, and wears jewels of inestimable value. Of horses he 
 has thousands, many of exceeding great value. 
 
 He is " much pleased to heare Van Effendi preach, who lives 
 very retiredly, of a severe life and a learned man ; outwardly 
 a contemner of riches but is growne vastly rich." The Turkish 
 religion seems very full of liberty, but is really severe ; the 
 greatest appearance of liberty is in having many wives, but 
 their religion obliges them to treat them all equally in all 
 points, otherwise the woman may leave her husband. Their 
 abstinence is very severe, both from wine and many meats, and 
 throughout the month Ramazan, "they cannot eat ordrinke, 
 upon paine of death, from sunne rising to its setting, which 
 in the heat of summer is no small torment." 
 
 Their mosques at Constantinople are exceedingly well 
 built and very beautiful. 
 
 [The rest of the paper is concerning matters of the Law, the 
 pay of the Army &c.] 10 pp.
 
 COEKIGENDUM. 
 
 p. 162, footnote, add the following: The explanation of 
 this is the fact, mentioned in Rycaut's Turkish His- 
 tory, that the two offices, at this period, were held 
 by the same man.
 
 525 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Abbeville [France], 75. 
 
 mayor and lieutenant of, 16. 
 travellers to, 16. 
 Abbey, the (on Lord Winchilsea's 
 
 estate in Yorkshire), 419. 
 Abbot, George, Archbishop of Can- 
 terbury, 47. 
 
 Acheen (Atcheene), Sumatra : 
 Queen of, 366. 
 
 letter from, alluded to, 
 
 330. 
 Achmet, brother of the Sultan 
 
 Mahomet, 522. 
 Acklam, a servant of Lord Winchil- 
 
 sea, 251, 320. 
 
 Acmet Aga, "Chiecaia" of the 
 Arsenal, a prisoner at Venice, 
 286. 
 
 Acre. See St. John d'Acre. 
 Adah'a. See Settalia. 
 Aden, rumoured surrender of, to 
 
 the English, 233. 
 
 Admiral, Lord High. See Clinton ; 
 Villiers,Duke of Buckingham ; 
 James, Duke of York. 
 Adrianople, 290, 318, 329, 376, 385, 
 
 417, 481, 494, 516. 
 business negotiated at, trouble 
 
 connected with, 478. 
 ceremony at, 416. 
 the Chimacam at. See under 
 
 Turkey, ministers of. 
 compared with Philippopolis, 
 
 371. 
 
 cottages of, 383. 
 court at, or going to, 176, 241, 
 
 259, 261, 327, 499. 
 Dutch and French in, 362. 
 fondness of the Grand Signer 
 
 for, 398. 
 
 foreign ambassadors or envoys 
 at, 416, 417, 452. 
 
 Adri anople con*. 
 
 the French Ambassador at. See 
 
 La Haye. 
 Grand Signer at, going to, or 
 
 leaving, 119, 150, 240-242, 
 
 258, 286, 319, 386, 407. 
 Grand Vizier going to, 350, 
 
 374, 375, 377, 382, 383. 
 
 , camp of, at, 384, 385. 
 
 Greek Metropolitan in, 362. 
 heat at, 264. 
 incident at, 340, 341. 
 letters addressed or sent to, 
 
 158, 162, 301, 304, 369, 453. 
 dated at, 177 (3), 265, 266 
 
 (2). 267, 268 (2), 370 (2), 382- 
 
 387, 392. 
 ministers at, 159, 162, 163, 166, 
 
 167, 266, 370, 385, 428, 
 
 429. 
 the plague at, or expected at, 
 
 151, 300, 386. 
 representatives of Greek Church 
 
 in Scio, at, 350. 
 travellers to and from, 153, 254, 
 
 318, 346, 370, 371, 416, 426, 
 
 465. 
 
 troops marching to, 168. 
 Turkish camp at, 385. 
 walls of, 383. 
 Queen Mother leaves, 386. 
 entry of Count Lesley into. See 
 
 under Lesley, 
 proposed journeys of Lord Win- 
 
 chilsea to, 163, 166, 167, 169 
 
 (2), 172, 261, 262, 301, 304 (2), 
 
 317 (2), 360, 361, 369, 382- 
 
 385, 445. 
 his desire to postpone, 
 
 301-2, 308, 309. 
 journey of the Earl of Winchil- 
 
 sea to, 268, 267, 317. 
 , expenses connected with, 
 
 275, 288, 292, 293, 297, 317, 
 
 321. 
 
 account of, 275. 
 
 fear that the forces of the Em- 
 peror may come to, 346. 
 
 Lord Winchilsea's past journey 
 to, alluded to, 358, 364, 
 42J.
 
 526 
 
 Adrianople cord. 
 
 need for the English ambassador 
 to be represented at, 422, 
 423. 
 
 expected " storm " from, 499. 
 Adriatic Gulf, 147. 
 Aegean Sea or Archipelago, the, 
 
 Venetian fleet in, 1 79. 
 Africa, 268. And see Morocco ; 
 
 Algiers. 
 
 Spanish forces to land in, 181. 
 African Company, the : 
 
 opposes the Dutch, 337. 
 " letters of Mart against," 338. 
 African dominions of England. 
 
 See Tangier. 
 Agra [India] : 
 
 tribute money sent to, 440. 
 castle of, 1 52. 
 
 , prisoner in. See Jehan, 
 
 Shah, 
 great darkness and tempest in, 
 
 475. 
 
 Aix-la-Chapelle (Aeon, Acquis- 
 Grana), English Resident at, 
 visit of Charles II to (1654), 
 alluded to, 513. 
 traveller from, 505. 
 peace between France and Spain 
 
 concluded at, 504. 
 Albemarle, Duke of. See Monck. 
 Alberquerque, Duke of, Admiral of 
 
 Spain, his ship, 281. 
 his answer to Sir John Lawson. 
 
 See Lawson. 
 
 Albert, Cardinal Archduke of Aus- 
 tria, enters France witli his 
 forces. 34. 
 Aleppo, 230, 285, 429, 487. 
 
 Bassa of (I), 106. 176, 212, 213, 
 229, 420. 
 
 , dealings of the English 
 
 Consul with, 213. 
 
 , his dislike to the English, 
 
 212, 213. 
 
 , unjust proceedings of, 214, 
 
 215, 218, 229. 
 
 - , attempts reparation, 216. 
 . in relation to the Chris- 
 tians. 223, 224. 
 , his Chiau, 228. 
 , , ill-usasre of 
 
 Chris- 
 
 tians by, 229. 
 -, his ministers, 212. 
 
 , " exemplary j ustice " upon 
 
 requested, 229. 
 
 , removal of, 223, 232, 236 
 
 , departure and new ap- 
 pointment of. 234. 
 
 Bassa of (2) [Mahomet], expec- 
 ted, 235. 
 
 , friendliness of, 238. 
 
 Aleppo, Bassa of (2) cont. 
 
 , letter to, 233. 
 , in relation to the French 
 
 Consul. See Baron. 
 Bassa of (3), arrival of his 
 
 deputy, 347. 
 
 , agas of, 429. 
 
 , chiau of. See Musselem 
 
 below. 
 , movements of, 420, 433, 
 
 435. 
 
 , orders to, 458. 
 
 , unjust proceedings of, 420, 
 
 428. 
 Cappigee Bassa at [Mahmud 
 
 Aga], 223, 224. 
 , " sent to do justice to the 
 
 Christians," 228. 
 , returns to Constantinople, 
 
 229. 
 
 Bash Teftedar, at, 429, 435. 
 Cadi or judge at, 107, 224, 228, 
 
 235. 
 , "a very ancient man," 
 
 420. 
 , his dealings in relation to 
 
 the factories, 199, 215, 272, 
 
 344. 
 , promises satisfaction to 
 
 Christian deputation, 229. 
 
 , demands of, 273. 
 
 , in relation to the intro- 
 duction of bad money, 289. 
 . warrant from, alluded to, 
 
 373. 
 , gate of, decorations for. 
 
 289. 
 new Cadi at, 334, 349, 420, 
 
 482. 
 
 , money given to, 373. 
 
 Capisler Chiause at, 212, 213, 
 
 215. 
 , to bo brought as prisoner 
 
 to the Porte, 218. 
 Chiau at. See Musselem at, 
 
 below. 
 Emyn or Customer at (1), 106. 
 
 , as the late, 182, 194. 
 
 Emyn at (2) [Mustapha Aga]. in 
 
 relation to the factory, 194, 
 
 199, 212, 213, 224, 233. 
 , as the late Emyn. 249. 
 
 , officer of, threat by, 372. 
 Emyn at (3) [Abrim Aga], 249, 
 
 260, 282. 289, 293, 299, 343, 
 
 345, 356, 365, 375, 410, 413, 
 
 416, 429. 
 
 , arrival of, 262. 
 
 -, complaints against, 278. 
 
 , in relation to the business 
 
 of Stanton and Bishop, 
 
 348.
 
 527 
 
 Aleppo, Emyn at (3) con/. 
 
 , unjust demands and ac- 
 tions of, 363, 369, 372, 373, 
 402, 413. 
 
 , liis execution hoped for, 
 
 374. 
 -, scrivan of [Mustapha 
 
 Chelebee], 349. 
 -, servant of, 370. 
 
 , Ulacks [messengers] sent 
 
 out by, 376. 
 , intentions of the Vizier 
 
 concerning, 374, 376-7. 
 , " command " obtained by, 
 
 378. 
 , business connected with, 
 
 382, 385, 393. 
 , in relation to English and 
 
 French merchants or mer- 
 chandise, 404, 410. 
 , as the late Emyn, trouble 
 
 given by to the Engl5sh,alluded 
 
 to, 413. 
 
 , claim made by, 429. 
 
 -, death of 435. 
 
 new Emyn of : arrival of, 425. 
 
 , commands to, ibid. 
 
 , called to justice, 482. 
 
 , his chiau, false pretences 
 
 of, 480. 
 
 past Emyns of : 
 
 , execution of, alluded to, 
 
 374. 
 
 Mufti at, complaint to, 373. 
 
 Musselem or Chiau at, 215, 289, 
 298, 324, 326. 347, 420. 
 
 Shabender of [Mustapha 
 Chebbee], 95, 310. 326, 416. 
 
 " vizier of the Bench," at, 4G6 
 
 Arab horses from, difficulty in 
 obtaining, 458. 
 
 Armenian, Greek and Latin 
 Churches at, complaint of the 
 Patriarchs and Bishops of, 
 223. 
 
 Avania at, statement concern- 
 ing, 376. 
 
 bridge near. See Morat Basha, 
 bridge of. 
 
 caravans coming to, 397, 416. 
 
 Christians in, 310. 
 
 , deputation from, 236. 
 
 , their desire for a fair hear- 
 ing in Constantinople, 224. 
 -, their differences with the 
 
 Bassa, 229. And see English 
 merchants at; French mer- 
 chants at. 
 
 Divan at, account of meeting 
 of, 402. 
 
 the Dutch Consul at, claim of, 
 to protect foreigners, 257. 
 
 Aleppo, the Dutch Consul at cont. 
 
 , brother of, 260. 
 
 , house of, 271. 
 
 now Dutch Consul at, 260, 272, 
 278. 
 
 , cloth lent by, for decora- 
 tions, 289. 
 
 , departure of, 410. 
 
 Dutch merchants in, 301. 
 
 , in relation to payments 
 
 demanded, 273-4, 278. 
 
 English chaplain at. See Framp- 
 ton. 
 
 Consul at. See Lannoy, 
 Benjamin. 
 
 customs at, order con- 
 
 cerning, 379. 
 English merchants, factors, or 
 
 factory at, 212, 213, 230, 
 
 242, 343, 376, 404. 
 
 , Declaration from, 374. 
 
 , letters from, 156, 182, 
 
 194, 215, 229, 343, 372. 
 
 , list of, 183. 
 
 , note to, 374. 
 
 , present from, to the 
 
 Earl of Winchilsea, 217, 222. 
 , treasurer to, 163. And 
 
 see Browne. 
 
 , at Leghorn, 108. 
 
 , leaving the place, 216. 
 
 -. the Bassa's disputes with 
 
 or ill-treatment of, 176, 218, 
 224. 
 
 , in relation to the Cappigee 
 Bassa, 229. 
 -, contributions from, to- 
 
 wards the ransom of English 
 mariners, 234. 
 
 , oath required from (by the 
 Levant Company), or taken 
 by, 237, 238, 249. 272, 289. 
 , and the purchase of 
 "gauls," 285. 
 
 , oppression and injustice 
 suffered by, 369, 384. 
 -, are freed from suspicion 
 
 of bringing in bad money, 
 293. 
 
 , in relation to the Emyn. 
 See Aleppo, Emyn of, above. 
 -, and the business of Stan- 
 
 ton and Bishop. See Stanton 
 and Bishop. 
 
 Franks in, 420. 
 
 French in, the, ignorant con- 
 cerning the movements of 
 the Duke of Beaufort, 429. 
 
 , money extorted from, 420. 
 
 French Consul at. See Baron. 
 
 merchants at, 199, 285, 
 
 404.
 
 528 
 
 Aleppo, French merchants at cont. 
 
 , ill condition of, 301. 
 
 , introduction of bad 
 
 _ money by, 289, 293. 
 surgeon in, 212. 
 
 letters addressed to, 21 7, 230 (2). 
 
 letters dated at, 95, 106, 124, 
 141, 151, 164, 169, 176, 194, 
 (3), 199, 209, 210, 212, 214 (2), 
 216, 222 (2), 224, 228, 234 
 (2), 236, 237, 238 (3), 243, 
 249, 256, 257, 258, 260, 262, 
 270, 272, 273 (2), 278 (2), 282, 
 285, 288, 293, 298, 300, 304, 
 306, 310, 312-314, 323, 329, 
 330, 334, 335, 343, 347, 348, 
 355, 356, 363, 365, 372 (2), 373 
 (2), 376, 383, 402, 404, 407, 
 408, 410, 413, 414, 415, 416, 
 419, 420, 425, 429, 433, 435, 
 438, 446, 449, 453, 458, 465, 
 474, 477, 482, 491, 493, 502, 
 506. 
 
 money to be invested in, 217, 
 222. 
 
 to be paid at, 397, 400. 
 
 news from, 351. 
 
 , received in, 502. 
 
 Patriarchs of, 228, 231. 
 
 the plague in, 271 (2), 272. 
 
 the Seraglio at, 223. 
 
 , decorations for, 289. 
 
 state of affairs at, brought 
 before the Vizier, 374. 
 
 strangers in, dispute concerning 
 the protection of, 257, 258, 
 262. 
 
 trade in, " battulated," 374. 
 
 the trade of, hindered or lost, 
 384, 430. 
 
 travellers to, 377, 410, 439, 449, 
 454, 476, 512. 
 
 Turks in, money owing to. See 
 Stanton and Bishop, creditors 
 of. 
 
 witnesses to be examined in, 434, 
 
 438. 
 "Alepins," i.e. residents at Aleppo, 
 
 454. 
 Alexandria [Egypt], 192, 219. 
 
 ships carried into, 446, 477. 
 
 the Road of, ship loading in, 
 
 262. 
 
 Alexandrian senna, order for, 512. 
 Algiers, Algier, Argier, 82, 128, 181, 
 214, 225, 278, 291, 318. 
 
 Bay of, 143. 
 
 , letter dated from, 142. 
 
 consulship of, 89, 133. 
 
 Dutch admiral at. See Ruyter, 
 de. 
 
 slaves in, 277. 
 
 Algiers cont. 
 
 English Consul at. See Browne ; 
 Robert. 
 
 factories in, 87. 
 
 ships at, or going to, 84, 
 
 87, 88, 101, 158, 304. 
 -, passports required by, 
 
 276, 278, 281. 
 
 the Fish gate at, 143. 
 
 Governor or Bassa of, 82, 83, 
 101, 143. 
 
 . in Turkey, 183, 186. 
 
 Great divan at, 143, 277, 282. 
 
 , letter from, 278, 281. 
 
 letters dated at, 276, 282. 
 
 , sent from, alluded to, 101, 
 
 116, 278. 
 
 messengers or agents from, 101, 
 175 (2), 142-3. 
 
 , in Turkey, 177. 
 
 the Mould at, 143. 
 
 people of, 187, 243, 295, 299, 
 325. 
 
 , their boasted indepen- 
 dence of Turkey, 168. 
 
 pirates or piracies of, 108, 135, 
 137, 141, 145, 153, 169, 176, 
 181. 187, 350. 
 
 Aga at [Hankine], articles con- 
 firmed by, 74. 
 
 Bassa at [Mahasram], articles 
 confirmed by, 74. 
 
 . See Governor of, above. 
 
 Oliver Cromwell's articles with, 
 74. 
 
 , alluded to, 116, 119. 
 
 business connected with, 81, 
 82, 83. 
 
 former treaty between England 
 and, ratification of by Eng- 
 land, 83. 
 
 tyrant of [Hullil, Halil], mur- 
 dered, 85, 86. 
 
 usurper at. See Ramadan. 
 
 Earl of Winchilseaat, 87. 
 
 , instructions of, to be 
 
 followed, at, 82. 
 
 negotiations between England 
 and, 87, 88, 89, 101, 134, 143. 
 
 treaty of peace between Eng- 
 land and, 129, 202, 205, 243, 
 245, 276, 277, 294, 295 (2), 
 353. 
 
 , expenses connected with, 
 
 123, 297. 
 
 , ratification of, by the 
 
 Grand Signer. See Ma- 
 homet. 
 -, articles of, in French and 
 
 Turkish, 205. 
 
 , documents relating to, 
 
 mentioned, 292,
 
 520 
 
 Algiers cent. 
 
 British fleet at, or going to, 1 33, 
 134, 143, 153, 160, 163, 166- 
 169, 172, 173, 294, 298. 
 
 Earl of Sandwich at. See Mon- 
 tagu, Edward. 
 
 Sir John Lawson at. See 
 Lawson. 
 
 in relation to England, 139, 140, 
 144, 154, 187. 
 
 complaints from, alluded to, 
 159. 
 
 British grievances against, 167. 
 
 relations and negotiations be- 
 tween the Dutch and, 187, 
 199, 200, 205, 264, 297. 
 
 English successes at, or near, 
 199, 324. 
 
 new Bassa for, 200, 202. 
 
 differences between England 
 and, ended, 213. 
 
 secretary to Lord Winchilsea at, 
 See Rycaut. 
 
 Turks in, their unsatisfactory 
 translation of documents, 
 246. 
 
 reasons why difficult to main- 
 tain peace with, 281. 
 
 reception of ratifications at, 
 alluded to, 294, 299. 
 
 French and Dutch fleets sent to, 
 303, 353. 
 
 declaration of James I concern- 
 ing, alluded to, 318. 
 
 late rupture with, alluded to, 
 
 381. 
 Alicante [Spain], ships going to, 87, 
 
 278. 
 
 Allegiance, the Oath of, 101. 
 Allegretti, proposed Spanish minister 
 
 to the Porte (c. 1646), 150. 
 Allen, Edward, factor at Smyrna, 
 
 169. 
 Allestree, Dr. [Richard], 218, 245. 
 
 letter forwarded by, 249. 
 
 message to, 216. 
 
 Alii Bassa, Turkish commander, 190. 
 Allin (Allen), Captain, afterwards 
 Sir Thomas, 83, 88, 96, 99, 
 503. 
 
 letters from, 104, 265. 
 
 orders to, alluded to, 503. 
 
 given command of the Rainbow, 
 265. 
 
 sent to the Straits, 353. 
 
 takes Dutch vessels, 354, 359. 
 
 recalled, 363, 367. 
 Alsace or Alsatia, danger to the 
 
 Emperor in, 211. 
 
 Alured, writings of, cited, 409 (2). 
 Alva, Duke of [Ferdinand Alvarez de 
 
 Toledo], movements of, 20. 
 Wt. 29496. 
 
 Alva, Duke of con/. 
 
 information sent to Queen 
 
 Elizabeth by, 9. 
 H. Cobham sent to, 10. 
 Ambassador, difference between a 
 
 Resident and, 351. 
 Amboyse, Cardinal, Archbishop of 
 
 Rouen, 60. 
 Amiens : 
 
 description of, 16. 
 letter dated from, 15. 
 Amsterdam, 60, 93, 311, 476. 
 jeweller from. See Bazu. 
 plague at, 311. 
 
 Amurath or Murad III, Sultan of 
 Turkey, attended by the Eng- 
 lish ambassador in his wars, 
 320. 
 
 , letter from, alluded to, 
 
 401. 
 
 Amurath or Murad IV, Sultan of 
 Turkey, reign of, alluded to, 
 318, 377, 428. 
 Anabaptists, ' ' designs " amongst, 
 
 299. 
 
 Ancona [Italy], 76. 
 Andrea, an apothecary, 156. 
 
 Signor Georgio d', present sant 
 
 by, 336. 
 Tomaso d', Deputy of the church 
 
 in Scio. See under Scio. 
 Andrews, Thomas, letter from, 306. 
 Angediva, Angidiva [India], Island 
 of, British forces in, 273, 
 306, 366. 
 
 letters from, alluded to, 366. 
 traveller from, 330. 
 Anglesey, Earl of. See Annesley. 
 Ankerwick, an estate of Sir Thomas 
 
 Smith, 12. 
 Anne of Austria. See France, Queen 
 
 Regent of. 
 Annesley, Arthur, Earl of Anglesey, 
 
 510. 
 Antonio, , employed by Lord 
 
 Cottington, 72. 
 torture and acquittal of, ibid. 
 Antrim, Marquis of. See McDonnell, 
 
 Randall. 
 Antwerp, letters from, alluded to, 
 
 404. 
 
 a merchant of. See Vandrissen. 
 Apafi or Apaphi. Prince Michael. 
 
 See Translvania. 
 Apsfield, Mrs., 63. 
 Arab : 
 
 King, daughter of, 219. 
 prince, at Bassora, 408. 
 Arabian : 
 
 horse sent to the king, 266, 271, 
 
 288, 290, 295. 
 horses, 242, 458. 
 
 FI 34
 
 530 
 
 Arabs : 
 
 " barbarities " of, in the Holy 
 
 Land, 193. 
 Englishmen captured by, 
 
 278. 
 
 expedition against, 433, 435. 
 at Muscat, 449, 465. 
 Arches, the [near Smyrna], 406, 490. 
 
 " Paris " in, 406. 
 
 Archipelago, the. See Aegean Sea. 
 Ardizaval, Arzival, Lardizaval, Fra. 
 Domenico del, Procurator of 
 the Holy Land, 193. 
 letter from, 191. 
 letters to, 203, 218. 
 Argyle, Marquis of. See Campbell, 
 
 Archibald. . 
 Arlington, Earl of. See Bennet, 
 
 Sir Henry. 
 Armenia, 219. 
 
 Armenian, an, redemption of, 406. 
 Armenian : 
 
 Churches, 292. 
 
 merchant, present from, 231. 
 Armenians, 480, 493. 
 murdered. 446. 
 dispute matters of consulage in 
 
 the Levant, 92, 93. 
 in Constantinople. See Con- 
 stantinople, 
 faction of, in the Low 
 
 Countries, 48. 
 Army, the English, 120. 
 in Franco (1557), 3. 
 at Tilbury (1588), 27. 
 in Portugal (1663), 283, 284. 
 commander of, in Portugal. 
 
 See Schonberg. 
 
 the three troops of Guards (the 
 King's, Duke's and Lord 
 General's), 130. 
 Arnand, Blaiz, captain of a French 
 
 ship, 446. 
 Arnemuiden (Armewe), Zeeland, 
 
 27. 
 
 Arras. Duke of Parma at, 32. 
 Arundel, Earl of. See Fitz Alan. 
 Arzilla [Morocco], 280. 
 
 Sir John Lawson at, 205. 
 Ashbio, William, 183. 
 Ashburnham, Mr., 152. 
 Ashby, Mr., 9. 
 Asia, 85, 146, 269, 288, 322. 
 
 Bassas of, summoned by the 
 
 Vizier of Turkey, 219. 
 the seven churches of, 314. 
 troops of, 190, 288. 
 Asia Minor, conquest of by the Turks, 
 
 alluded to, 478. 
 robbers in. 484. 
 
 Assistants, Court of. See Levant 
 Company, 
 
 Aston, Sir Arthur, his regiment of 
 
 horse, 164. 
 Athens, French Consul at, letter to, 
 
 335. 
 
 Aubigny, Lord, 302. 
 Audley, John, 24. 
 Augmentations, Court of, Chancellor 
 
 of, 1. 
 
 Augsburg (Ausperg) [Bavaria], 76. 
 Augustino, son of the Dutch Consul 
 
 at Smyrna, 485, 494. 
 Aumale, the Chevalier d', 32. 
 Aumont (Omont) Marechal d', 
 
 suburbs of Paris seized by, 
 
 30. 
 Aurungzebe or Orang Shall, the 
 
 Great Mogul : 
 ambassadors from, to Persia, 
 
 439, 449, 453, 475, 476. 
 
 , to Bassa of Bussora, 210. 
 
 ambassador to, from Persia, 
 
 210. 
 
 , dismissal of, 453. 
 
 , from the Sultan, 451. 
 
 his court, 466, 476. 
 
 , the Dutch at, 244. 
 
 his Moors, conquests by, 306. 
 presents to, 124, 223. 
 father of. See Jehan, Shah, 
 brothers of, See Sooje, Sultan ; 
 
 Dara Shah, 
 nephews of, 152, 210. 
 takes his father's crown and 
 
 becomes Great Mogul, 124. 
 imprisons his father and brother, 
 
 124. 
 murders his youngest brother, 
 
 124, 210. 
 the kingdom of India confirmed 
 
 to, 124, 210. 
 trios to persuade his father to 
 
 leave his prison, 152. 
 in relation to the Dutch and 
 
 Portuguese. 209, 210. 
 report of his death, 244. 
 stricken with palsy, 306. 
 in relation to the English at 
 
 Surat, 323. . 
 makes war against the King of 
 
 Vizapore, 366. 
 movements of, 408, 466. 
 war of, in the Deccan, 440, 
 
 441, 450, 466, 507. 
 tries to make peace with the 
 
 King of Deccan, 440. 
 has " made away with " all 
 
 his family, 450. 
 invasion of his dominions by the 
 
 Persians, 466, 475. 
 his preparations for war. 475. 
 rebellion against, 493. And see 
 
 Sevajee.
 
 531 
 
 A urungzebe con/. 
 
 his zeal in proselytizing, 506. 
 privileges granted to the English 
 
 by, 507. 
 
 Austen, Sir Jolin, made deputy- 
 lieutenant of Kent, 509. 
 Austria, 149, 179. 
 
 Archduke of, marriage and 
 
 death of (1665), 389. 
 Archduke Albert, Cardinal of. 
 
 See Albert, 
 armies of, 130. 
 
 Don John of (temp. Eliz.), in 
 the Low Countries, 22. 
 
 , as commander of Spanish 
 
 forces, 263, 284. 
 
 , defeat of, 263, 266. 
 
 general executed by, 265. 
 
 the House of, 240. 
 
 , alarm of, 275. 
 
 , disaster to, 389. 
 
 , religious oppression by, 45. 
 
 , rumoured treaty between 
 
 England and, 397. 
 Auxerre [France], 67. 
 Avalos, Bishop di Nocera d', letters 
 
 from, 520 (2). 
 
 nephew of. See Pescara, Mar- 
 ques de. 
 house of, 520. 
 Aveiro, the Duke d' (Devera), flies to 
 
 Spain, 283. 
 
 is executed, in effigy, in Portu- 
 gal, 283. 
 
 Avignon [France], 75. 
 A vila, Juand', history by, alluded to, 
 
 409. 
 Ayala, Conde de, Vice-roy of Sicily, 
 
 letter to, 89. 
 Ayenee (Turkey in Asia), 270. 
 
 Cadi of, ibid. 
 
 Aylesford [Kent], lath of, 42, 43. 
 regiment belonging to, 509. 
 Azeroone. See Erzerum. 
 Azores, the, islands of, 69. 
 
 B 
 
 B., Lady, 39. 
 
 Baal, " some who have not bowed the 
 
 knee to," 442. 
 Babington, John, appointed assignee, 
 
 307. 
 Babylon (Babilon), Bassa of. See 
 
 Mortazza. 
 
 the "seal" of, 416. 
 taking of, alluded to, 282. 
 
 Backwell, Alderman, 404. 
 Bacon, Sir Nicholas, Keeper of the 
 Great Seal, offers to be 
 guarantee for the Duke of 
 Norfolk, 9. 
 Badajos [Spain], Spanish forces at, 
 
 284. 
 
 Badcock, Captain, 54. 
 Baden, the Marquis of, in Flanders, 
 
 354. 
 Bagdad (Bagdatt) 345. 
 
 Bashas assembled at, 408, 
 
 497. 
 Latin Fathers at, 95. 
 
 , assist Englishmen, 278. 
 
 merchant of. See Bagdatli. 
 Bagdatli, the [Chelabee Mahomet], 
 procurator for the creditors of 
 Messrs. Stanton and Bishop, 
 355, 376, 391. 
 Baigneux (Baineux) [France], 67, 
 
 68. 
 
 Baines (Bayns), Dr. Thomas, 67, 
 208, 236, 309, 404, 445, 
 447. 
 
 illness of, 467. 
 lack of correspondence from, 
 
 239, 246, 251. 
 letter from, alluded to, 251. 
 
 to, 246. 
 
 messages to, 260, 403, 404, 417, 
 
 433, 444, 445, 448, 457. 
 movements, or proposed move- 
 ments of, 212, 239, 260, 448, 
 449. 
 in relation to Daniel Finch, 212, 
 
 403. 
 asked to be secretary to Lord 
 
 Winchilsea, 473. 
 Baker : 
 
 Sir John, 3. 
 
 Richard, Consul at Smyrna, 
 115, 120, 156, 165, ' 167, 
 357. 
 
 , letters from. 92-95, 100, 
 
 105, 107 (2), 114, 122, 132, 
 144 (2). 
 , letters to or from, alluded 
 
 to, 143, 144, 157. 
 
 -, read to, 131. 
 
 , dissensions between the 
 
 merchants and, 102-109 
 passim. 
 -, complaints concerning, 
 
 115, 122, 165. 
 , dismissal of, 135. 137, 144, 
 145, 155, 159, 186. 
 , illness of, 144. 
 , to be sent to England, 
 145, 146. 
 
 , disappearance of , 148, 149. 
 152, 155, 157, 159.
 
 532 
 
 Baker, Richard cont. 
 
 , representations of s to the 
 
 Levant Company, 166. 
 
 , to be re-established, 170 
 
 (2), 175. 
 
 , money voted for, by the 
 
 Levant Company, 187. 
 
 , proceedings against, al- 
 luded to, 185, 189. 
 -, death of, 174, 176(2), 178. 
 
 Balarino, Giovanni Battista, Vene- 
 tian envoy (" bailo ") in Tur- 
 key, 103, 111, 132, 141, 150, 
 152, 154, 188, 196, 227, 231, 
 259, 286, 292, 347. 
 
 letters to, 155, 175, 196, 301, 
 328, 350. 
 
 ignominious position of, 97, 99. 
 
 stands godfather (on behalf of 
 the Prince of Venice) to Lord 
 Winchilsea's infant son, 155, 
 156, 180,205. 
 
 in relation to Signor Dolfini, 
 202. 
 
 opposes the removal of the body 
 of Signor Capello to Venice, 
 241, 252. 
 
 " good correspondence " be- 
 tween Lord Winchilsea and, 
 332. 
 
 in relation to Candia, 385, 430. 
 
 death of, 442, 444. 
 Balasor (Ballasore) [Bengal, India] : 
 
 Chief of, letters from, alluded to, 
 209. 
 
 English factors in, death of, 209. 
 
 river of, ships attempt to enter, 
 
 440. 
 Banckes, James, 348. 
 
 demand by, 355. 
 
 examination and imprisonment 
 of, 347. 
 
 letter from, 347. 
 
 master of. See Frederick, Sir 
 
 John. 
 
 Banda, Island of [East Indian Archi- 
 pelago], 151. 
 BanianS; in India, proselytizing 
 
 amongst, 506. 
 Bankort [Adrian], Dutch Admiral, 
 
 wounded, 375. 
 
 Bantam [Java], King of : in rela- 
 tion to the Dutch, 474. 
 Barbadoes [West Indies], 445. 
 
 reported submerged, 59. 
 
 rumour of French forces going 
 
 to, 412. 
 Barbary, Barbery, 276, 388. 
 
 pirates or piracies of, 163, 196, 
 200, 248, 279, 341. 
 
 treaty with, ratifications of, 
 counterparts sent to, 267. 
 
 Barbary cont. 
 
 in relation to Turkey, 248. 
 Turkish towns and forts in, 365. 
 Barberini, Cardinal Antonio, Prefect 
 
 of the Sacra Congregatione de 
 
 Propaganda Fide, letter 
 
 from, 424. 
 
 , alluded to, 425. 
 
 Bargrave : 
 
 Dr., letter to, 325. 
 
 , message from, 394. 
 
 Robert, servant to the Earl of 
 
 Winchilsea, death and burial 
 
 of, 93. 
 
 , deceased, alluded to, 431. 
 
 Barkeley. See Berkeley. 
 Barnardiston : 
 
 Arthur, factor at Smyrna, 104, 
 
 169. 
 
 , letters from, 107, 275, 406. 
 
 , signed by, 148. 
 
 Mr., 123. 
 
 Mr., letter to, alluded to, 94. 
 
 Nathaniel, 355. 
 
 Pelatia, Pelat, 355. 
 
 , brother-in-law of. See 
 
 Turner. 
 
 Sir Samuel, 344, 355. 
 . copy of warrant sent to, 
 
 137. 
 -, brothers of, 344. 
 
 Thomas, sen., factor at Smyrna, 
 
 169. 
 
 , letter signed by, 148. 
 
 , cousin of. See Turner. 
 
 , letter from, 348. 
 
 , business between Mr. 
 
 Langley and. See Langley. 
 , goods sent to, stoppage of, 
 
 326. 
 -, in relation to Messrs. 
 
 Stanton and Bishop, 355. 
 Barneham, Benedict, loan to be 
 
 paid to, 35. 
 
 Barnes, Sir William, 42. 
 Barnham : 
 
 Sir Francis, 42. 
 Francis, regiment of, 509. 
 
 , father of, alluded to, ibid. 
 
 , death of, ibid. 
 
 Baron : 
 
 Monsieur, French Consul at 
 Aleppo, 239, 289, 336, 343, 
 413, 425, 458, 466. 
 
 , brother of. See Baron, 
 
 Pieter. 
 
 , character of, 336. 
 
 , claim of, to protect 
 
 foreigners, 257, 258, 260, 313, 
 410. 
 -, letters from, 169, 176, 210, 
 
 258,330,345,408,419.
 
 533 
 
 Baron, Monsieur, letters from con/. 
 
 , , alluded to, 260, 261, 
 
 285, 344. 
 
 344. 
 
 -, to, 190, 261, 323, 
 
 -, alluded to, 272. 
 , visit of, to Constantinople, 
 169. 
 
 , summoned to Paris. 238. 
 , in relation to Consul 
 Fowke, 271. 
 -, in relation to Mr. Sher- 
 
 man, 285. 
 Pieter, appointed deputy for the 
 French Consul at Aleppo, 238, 
 239. 
 
 Barsus, " the boat of," 68. 
 Barton : 
 
 Mr. or Sir Edward, deputy 
 ambassador at Constantinople 
 (1589), 401. 
 
 , as ambassador, impor- 
 tance of his post and actions 
 alluded to, 319, 320. 
 Mr., 6. 
 
 Pere, an English Jesuit, 66. 
 Base money. See Temins, false. 
 Basilius, Stephen. See Moldavia, 
 
 Prince of. 
 
 Basim (Bassin) [India], Portu- 
 guese losses near, 306. 
 Basle (Basil) [Switzerland], 69. 
 bishop of, 72. 
 Calvinists in, ibid. 
 
 Basra, Bussora (Bassora, Balsora, 
 Bolsora), Asiatic Turkey, 330, 
 449, 453, 498. 
 
 Bassa of, ambassador sent to, 
 210. 
 
 [Hassan], destroys the 
 
 city, 507. 
 
 Latin Fathers at, 95, 107, 435, 
 507. 
 
 . assist Englishmen, 278. 
 
 Prince of, submission of, 416. 
 
 , his son, created Basha. 416. 
 
 natural Prince of, loyalty of the 
 
 people towards, 497. 
 threatened attacks upon, 408, 
 
 497. 
 warfare and losses at, 410, 413, 
 
 420, 507. 
 
 declares against Turkey, 447. 
 war of the Grand Signor upon. 
 
 See under Mahomet. 
 Batavia [Java. E. Indies] : the 
 
 Dutch at, 324, 506, 509. 
 prisoner to be taken to, 224. 
 Bate, Deyer, ship's commander. 
 
 letters signed by, 392. 393. 
 Bath (Bathe) Charles II and Queen 
 Catherine- at, 274 : 27.1, 288. 
 
 Bath con*. 
 
 Duke and Duchess of York at, 
 
 275. 
 
 letters dated at, 275, 467. 
 " newes very acceptable" at, 467. 
 travellers to or at, 208, 433, 
 
 467. 
 
 " very little company " at, 468. 
 Earl of. See. Bourchier, Henry. 
 Batteville, Baron de, Spanish am- 
 bassador in England, 120, 128, 
 129, 135. 
 dispute of, with the French 
 
 ambassador, 161, 198. 
 reported recall of, 173. 
 Baynes : 
 
 Capt. Adam, petitions by, 74. 
 Dr. See Baines. 
 
 Bazu, David, a Dutch jeweller, 493. 
 Beale [brother-in-law of Walsing- 
 
 ham], 22. 
 
 Beaufort, Duke of. See Venddme. 
 Beaune [France], " the best wine 
 
 of France " at, 68. 
 Bebii, Monsieur, 476. 
 Becke, Mr., 38. 
 
 Bedchamber, gentleman of the. See 
 Finch, Heneage, Earl of Win- 
 chilsea. 
 Bedford : 
 
 Earl of. See Russell. 
 Bridget, Countess of, letter from, 
 
 23. 
 Bedford, the Level of. great drains of, 
 
 392. 
 
 Beer or ale, asked for, by the Ger- 
 man ambassador, 386, 387. 
 provided, 392. 
 
 Belasyse (Bellassis), John, Baron 
 Belasyse, Governor of Tan- 
 gier, 367, 465. 
 leaving Tangier, 465. 
 Belgrade, near Constantinople, 150, 
 
 417. 
 
 letters dated at. 138-141. 416, 
 418 (2), 419, 423-425, 428 (3), 
 430, 432 (3), 434, 461-465, 
 469-471, 481, 512. 
 letter from, alluded to, 509. 
 Subashee of, to be dismissed 
 
 from office, 362. 
 Belgrade [Servia], 169, 288, 341. 346, 
 
 350. 370. 
 
 forces marching to, 248. 
 letters addressed to. 300, 34.1. 
 
 - dated at, 40!). 
 traveller from. Sec, Lesley, 
 
 Count. 
 
 Grand Vizier at or going to, 
 240, 258, 364, 372. 
 
 , his cam]> before, letter 
 
 dated from, 374.
 
 534 
 
 Bell, Monsieur, a French baron, 14. 
 Bellart, Monsieur, 67. 
 Bellievre (Beleivre) Monsieur, French 
 ambassador at Geneva, 70. 
 his steward. See Parost. 
 Benbo, Baron, 416. 
 travels of, 425. 
 
 Bench, the, one of the viziers of, 466. 
 Bendyshe : 
 
 Andrew, factor at Pera, 171. 
 Sir Thomas, late ambassador in 
 Turkey, 80, 97, 100, 103, 133, 
 166, 187, 206, 300, 407, 411, 
 458. 
 -, letters from, 81, 91 (2), 92, 
 
 254, 434. 
 
 to, 90, 91, 195. 
 
 , movements of, 102, 105, 
 114, 127, 143, 318. 
 
 , recalled, 81, 95. 
 
 , defence of, by the Earl of 
 Winchilsea, 96, 98. 
 
 , receives the new ambassa- 
 dor, 96. 
 -, letters of recommendation 
 
 for, 100. 
 -, his desire to be agent at 
 
 Cairo, 100, 101. 
 , action of, in Smyrna, al- 
 luded to, 105. 
 -, in relation to the Guard- 
 
 ians of Jerusalem, 137. 
 , differences of, with the 
 
 Levant Company, 324, 356, 
 
 434, 438. 
 , Chancery suit brought 
 
 against, 434, 438. 
 
 , daughter of, 102. 
 
 , son of, 101, 255. 
 
 -, kindness of Lord 
 
 Winchilsea to, alluded to, 81. 
 -, his household, member of. 
 
 See Foscolo. 
 Benedictines, 68. 
 Bengal (Bengala) [India], 476. 
 
 Prince of, [Sultan Susa], 124. 
 rareties from, commissions for, 
 
 399. 
 Bengal, Bay of : 
 
 English ships in, mortality on, 
 
 450. 
 
 Dutch ships in, 440, 450. 
 letters sent from, 209. 
 Bengala, "roots of," 399, 400, 452, 508. 
 Benignus, disciple of Polycarpus : 
 
 church dedicated to, 68. 
 Bennet, Sir Henry (afterwards Earl 
 of Arlington), Secretary of 
 State, 222. 235, 241, 249, 
 254, 287, 317, 361, 411, 412, 
 427, 432, 447, 511. 
 cipher used by, 80. 
 
 Bennet, Sir Henry cord. 
 
 dispatches or memoranda, to 
 or from, 242, 290, 291, 293. 
 
 information for, or sent to, 288, 
 289, 291, 382, 448, 453, 461. 
 
 interviews with, 287, 293. 
 
 letters from, 245, 253, 275, 295, 
 339, 349, 358, 369, 395, 442, 
 490, 491, 513. 
 
 , alluded to, 481. 
 
 letters to, 235, 240, 253, 261, 
 262, 282, 285, 286, 300, 301, 
 316 (2), 336, 341, 346, 350, 
 379, 389, 394, 398, 402, 405, 
 407, 417, 429, 444, 464, 472, 
 481, 498, 499, 508, 515-517. 
 
 , alluded to, 241, 2"59, 295, 
 
 322, 365, 382, 430, 483. 
 -, mentioned, 309, 327, 332. 
 
 made Keeper of the Privy 
 
 Purse, 161. 
 
 appointed principal Secretary of 
 
 State, in place of Sir Edward 
 
 Nicholas, 221, 242, 245, 246. 
 
 in relation to Lord Winchilsea, 
 
 361, 434. 
 Benyon, Sir George, letter to, 196. 
 
 son of, marriage of, ibid. 
 Bergen [Norway], Dutch merchant 
 vessels attacked by the Eng- 
 lish at, 396, 398. 
 Bergen-op-Zoom [Brabant], 456. 
 Berkeley : 
 
 Frances, Lady, death of, 22. 
 
 , brother of. See Poyntz, 
 
 Sir Nicholas. 
 Sir John, 22. 
 
 , his children, ibid. 
 
 Sir Maurice, 73. 
 
 , petition of, 74. 
 
 (Barkly), Sir William, Captain, 
 letter from, 264. 
 
 , taken prisoner, 419, 427. 
 
 Berkenhead, Sir John, 433. 
 Berkshire, money sent from, 9. 
 Bermond, Monsieur, French consul 
 
 at Cairo, order sent to, 330. 
 Bermudas, Islands of [North Atlan- 
 tic Ocean], 59. 
 
 Bernard, William, admitted a com- 
 moner of Christchurch, 433. 
 Bernardines, convent of, 68. 
 Berne [Switzerland], 69, 73. 
 Berti, Signor Valentino, a Venetian, 
 
 372, 406. 
 Bertie, Montagu, 2nd Earl of Lindsey, 
 
 Lord Chamberlain, 125. 
 Mr., letters from, alluded to, 
 
 25 (2). 
 
 Bethany (Betania) [Palestine], pro- 
 cession of the Ass at, 191. 
 tomb of Lazarus at, 192.
 
 535 
 
 Bethlehem (Betlem) [Palestine], 
 churches and holy places in, 
 190, 191, 192, 193. 
 " Citrangoli," gardens in, called, 
 
 193. 
 church at, model of, 180, 190, 
 
 191. 
 Holy manger at, 369. 
 
 model of, 190, 203. 
 
 Turkoman and interpreters of, 
 
 192. 
 
 Bethlem Gabor (Gaber) Prince of 
 Transylvania. See Transyl- 
 vania. 
 
 Bethphage (Betf age) [Palestine], 191. . 
 Betton, Thomas, 183. 
 Betts, Dr., wife and children of, 415. 
 godmother to his children. See 
 
 Finch, Lady Elizabeth, 
 a "concealed Catholique," 415. 
 Beverley (Beverlaie) Yorkshire, 
 
 letter dated at, 42. 
 Beza, Theodore de, 71. 
 Bezar [Lapis bezoar], an antidote 
 
 for poison, 63. 
 Bijapur. See Vizapore. 
 Biron (Byron), Baron de, Marshal 
 
 of France, letter to, 29. 
 suburbs of Paris seized by, 30. 
 Biscay, Bay of, ships of (Biscainers), 
 
 281. 
 
 man-of-war from, captured, 214. 
 British ships in, 416. 
 
 Bishop of , letter from, alluded 
 
 to, 483. 
 
 Bishop, Hawly, merchant at Aleppo, 
 182, 194. See also Stanton 
 and Bishop. 
 
 as assignee for Philip Strode : 
 estate of, claim upon, 289, 313. 
 Blackborough, Abbey of, 38. 
 Black Mountain, the [Morea], 201. 
 Black Sea, the, 180. 
 
 Cossacks in, 259. 
 
 Blake, Robert, general at sea, 
 
 settles articles at Algiers. 74. 
 
 his action at Tunis, alluded to, 
 
 166. 
 Blechenden : 
 
 Humphrey, captain of trained 
 
 band, 42. 
 Thomas, factor at Smyrna, 169. 
 
 , letter signed by, 148. 
 
 Blockye, Sultan, confirmed as Gover- 
 nor of Cosbin. demonstrations 
 in his honour, 491. 
 Blondel, Monsieur, reported to be 
 coming as French ambassador 
 to Turkey, 130. 
 Bluclworth, Sir Thomas, letter from, 
 
 alluded to, 359. 
 to, alluded to, 227. 
 
 Bohemia, King and Queen of (King 
 James' children) "disinherit- 
 ed," 47. 
 
 Bois-le-Duc (the Buss), 456. 
 Bokenham, Anthony, 120, 146. 
 
 letters from, 102, 105, 158. 
 
 to, 179, 185. 
 
 recommended, 100. 
 
 sent to the Queen of Portugal, 
 
 99. 
 
 Bologna [Italy], 75. 
 Boly or Bouley, Monsieur de la, 
 476. 
 
 murdered, 507. 
 
 Bombay (Bombain), Island of [India], 
 410, 475, 482. 
 
 Governor of. See Lucas, Sir 
 Jarvis. 
 
 Lieutenant Governor of. See 
 Cooke ; see Gary. 
 
 ceded to England, 99, 189. 
 
 held by the Portuguese, 243, 
 273, 284. 
 
 British preparing to take posses- 
 sion of, 366. 
 
 fortified by the English, 408, 
 413. 
 
 in relation to the Dutch, 440, 
 453, 506, 508. 
 
 given to the East India Com- 
 pany ; 508. 
 
 Bommel [Netherlands], 76. 
 Bonaville, a wine seller, 63. 
 Bonifacio, Padre Fra Pacifico di ; 
 
 as Commissioner for the Holy 
 
 Land to the Porte, 203, 
 
 218. 
 Bonithon, John, factor at Pera, 91, 
 
 171, 194. 
 Books, pamphlets : 
 
 Bible, the great polyglot, 
 
 233. 
 Chronicles, the, alluded to, 457. 
 
 And see Speed. 
 Code Louys, the, 492. 
 " The Case of Forfeiture for 
 
 Treason before the Conquest," 
 
 409. 
 Dialogue of the Exchequer, 
 
 quoted, 409. 
 Florence of Worcester, quoted, 
 
 409. 
 History of Cardinal d'Ossat, 
 
 quoted, 409. 
 Leviathan (Hobbos), 0.1. 
 " Mirror of Justices " quoted, 
 
 409. 
 Red Book of tlie Exchequer, 
 
 quoted, 409. 
 " Statutes of Marlhorough," 
 
 quo tod. 409. 
 Vovage d'Espugtw, quoted, 4U9.
 
 536 
 
 Booth, Sir George, rising of, alluded 
 
 to, 470. 
 
 Booton [Norfolk], letter dated at, 22. 
 Bornoiset, Monsieur, a French Baron, 
 
 14, 15. 
 Boscawen, Samuel, factor at Smyrna, 
 
 148, 169. 
 Bosvill : 
 
 Sir Henry, captain of trained 
 
 band, 43. 
 Sir Ralph, 42. 
 
 Botzen (Botsen) [Tyrol], 76. 
 Bougie (Bugia) [Algeria], port of, 
 engagement with pirates in, 
 199. 
 Bouja (Bojaw) [Asia Minor], 114, 
 
 115. 
 
 Bouley, M. de la. See Boly. 
 Boulogne (Boloin, Bullen, Bolein, 
 
 Buglon), 34, 75. 
 Godfrey of, tomb of, 192. 
 Governor of. See Kalliack. 
 Mayor and officers of, 14, 15. 
 Lord Buckhurst at, 14, 15, 17. 
 letter dated from, 14. 
 Bourbon, Louis de, Prince of Conde, 
 
 61, 64, 68. 
 
 church built by, 66. 
 in relation to the nobility of 
 
 the " Franch County," 493. 
 Bourchier, Henry, Earl of Bath, 
 his expectation of becoming 
 groom of the stole, 92. 
 Bouverot (Boverette) [Switzerland], 
 
 72. 
 Bovey, Edward, factor at Aleppo, 
 
 183, 260. 
 Bovia, Francesco Maria and Rinaldo, 
 
 75. 
 Bowyer : 
 
 Anthony, Consul at Cyprus : 
 barat to be procured for, 
 465. 
 
 Henry, and Co., London 
 merchants, 81. 
 
 , goods and estates of 
 
 seized, 100. 
 Boyar, Mr., 6. 
 
 William, Keeper of the Records, 
 
 &c., 6. 
 Boyle : 
 
 Richard. Earl of Cork, 119. 
 Charles, Lord Dungarvan, 
 eldest son of above, marriage 
 of, 102, 116, 119. 
 Boys, Sir John, letter to, 1 84. 
 Brabant, towns in, reported to be 
 taken by the Prince of Orange, 
 20. 
 Brackenbury (Brakenburye), Mr., 
 
 25 (2). 
 Bracton, writings of, cited, 409. 
 
 Bradenham, Jonathan, ship's com- 
 mander, letters signed by, 
 392, 393. 
 
 complaint against, 307. 
 Bradgate. See Broadgate. 
 Bradshaw, John, body of, disinterred 
 
 and hanged, 101. 
 Brames, Sir Arnold, 320. 
 Brandenburg, Elector of. See 
 
 Frederick William. 
 Brandon, Charles, factor at Smyrna, 
 
 148, 169, 371. 
 Branker, Mr., accusation against, 
 
 505. 
 
 Brauen, Monsieur, 67. 
 ' Brazil, Portuguese fleet for, 86. 
 Breda [Brabant], loss of, alluded to, 
 
 48. 
 
 letters from, alluded to, 478. 
 suggested as meeting-place for 
 
 negotiating treaty, 456. 
 ambassadors at,quarrel between, 
 
 alluded to, 476. 
 
 peace between England and 
 Holland concluded at, 480, 
 482. 
 
 Treaty of, alluded to, 478, 492. 
 Brest [France], French fleet goes to, 
 
 437. 
 
 Briare (Briar) [France], 75. 
 Bridgeman, Sir Orlando, Lord 
 Chief Justice, afterwards 
 Lord Keeper of the Great 
 Seal, 103, 124, 342. 
 as Speaker, pro tempore, of the 
 House of Lords, letter deliv- 
 ered to, 303. 
 Great Seal bestowed upon, 483, 
 
 486. 
 
 letters to, 314, 330, 461, 486, 
 496. 
 
 , alluded to, 463, 464. 
 
 his advice to be asked, 364, 487. 
 
 in relation to Lord Winchilsea's 
 
 estate, stewards, &c., 297, 
 
 312, 314. 
 
 in relation to Lord Maidstone, 
 
 461, 464. 
 Brienne, Comte de, as Secretary of 
 
 State in France, 330. 
 Brigue (Briga) [Switzerland], 73. 
 Bristol, 74, 433. 
 Bristol, Earls of. See Digby, George ; 
 
 Digby, John. 
 Countess of, letter brought by, 
 
 303. 
 
 Brito, Don Antonio de Azevedo de, 
 a " Portugall," unjust usage 
 of, 480, 482. 
 Brittany, mastiffs of, 1 5. 
 Broad, Samuel, factor at Aleppo, 
 evidence given by, 215.
 
 537 
 
 Broad, Samuel cont. 
 
 letter signed by, 216. 
 oath taken by, 238. 
 Broadgate or Bradgate, John, chap- 
 lain to the English factory 
 
 at Smyrna, 378, 411, 421, 422, 
 
 471. 
 character and behaviour of, 
 
 315, 317, 357, 359, 367, 378, 
 
 389. 
 and the Levant Company, 312, 
 
 317, 357, 359, 364, 367, 378, 
 
 389, 390, 421. 
 warrant against.at Smyrna, 310, 
 
 312. 
 discharged from Smyrna, 314, 
 
 326, 333, 357, 359, 364, 382, 
 
 389. 
 in relation to the Church of 
 
 England, 380, 390. 
 to return to England, 312, 314, 
 
 323, 325. 
 Brooke : 
 
 George, Lord Cobham, 3. 
 
 , as the late Lord, 5. 
 
 Henry, Lord Cobham, letter 
 
 from, 35. 
 
 William, Lord Cobham, as War- 
 den of the Cinq Ports and 
 
 Lord Lieutenant of Kent, 
 
 commissions from. 4, 5. 
 
 , letters from, 4 (2), 5, 29. 
 
 , servant of, 4, 5. 
 
 Brown, An thony, Viscount Montague, 
 
 notice of, 64. 
 son of, 65. 
 Browne : 
 
 Captain, 88. 
 
 Henry, and Co., of Leghorn, 
 
 goods sent by, 326. 
 
 , letters to, 239, 251. 
 
 Justice, 39. 
 
 Mun, treasurer to the factory at 
 
 Aleppo, arrival of, 194, 216, 
 
 222, 238. 
 , commission given to, 217. 
 
 , letters from, 234, 270. 
 
 , to, 230. 
 
 , treats for the release of a 
 
 merchant, 420. 
 Robert, Consul at Algiers, 74, 
 
 83, 89, 341. 
 
 , instructions for, 82. 
 
 , letter from, 282. 
 
 , - - to 87. 
 
 Consul Thomas, 108. 
 
 Valentine, 10. 
 
 Mrs., " a young gentlewoman 
 
 in Kent," 324. 
 Bruno, Signer Francesco. English 
 
 Consul at Naples, in relation 
 
 to the making of salt, 520, 621. 
 
 Brussels, 274, 405. 
 
 documents dated at, 59, 75, 80. 
 Bryan, Lord. See O'Brien. 
 Bucharest [Turkey!, letters addressed 
 
 to, 213, 217. 
 
 Buckeridge, Mr., late agent in Ispa- 
 han, 124. 
 
 Buckhurst, Lord. See Sackville. 
 Buckhurst, letter dated at, 7. 
 Buckingham, Duke of. See Villiers, 
 
 George. 
 Buckworth, John, 98, 123, 287, 288, 
 
 411. 
 letters to, 94, 179, 217, 499. 
 
 , alluded to, 227. 
 
 goods to be consigned to, 335, 
 
 400. 
 
 Buda [Hungary], 190, 374. 
 Turkish army near, 1 50. 
 Bulair (Debolhayr) [Turkey-in- 
 
 Europe], 269. 
 Bunckley, Sir George, his regiment 
 
 of horse, 164. 
 Bung, Sultan, 152. 
 Burghley (Bulegh), Sir William 
 
 Cecil going to, 11. 
 Burghley (Burley), Lord. See Cecil, 
 
 William. 
 Burgo, Father Bonaventura de, 
 
 letter from, 137. 
 Burgundy [France], the faith planted 
 
 in, 68. 
 Burntbutts, a house of Lord Win- 
 
 chilsea's, 469. 
 
 Burrowes, a ship's officer, 26. 
 Busby, Dr. Richard, formerly tutor 
 to Sir Heneage Finch, 229, 
 230. 
 
 illness of, 229. 
 
 report that he is leaving West- 
 minster School, 415. 
 Buss, the. See Bois-le-Duc. 
 Bussora. See Basra. 
 Butler : 
 
 Sir Theobald, of the Cahir. 7. 
 Thomas, 10th Earl of Ormond, 
 letter to, 7. 
 
 , commission to, to be 
 
 general of the expedition into 
 Thomond, 8. 
 
 James. 12th Earl and 1st Duke 
 of Ormond, 135, 157. 
 , letters from, 78, 156. 
 
 , to, 79, 112, 132, 
 
 185. 
 
 , report [mistaken] that lie 
 
 is ambass^Klor in Portugal, 
 143. 
 
 , re-created Lord Lieu- 
 tenant of Ireland. 1 85. 
 -, his arrival and reception 
 
 at Dublin. 200.
 
 538 
 
 Butler cont. 
 
 Anthony (servant of the Earl 
 of Leicester), illness of, 11. 
 
 , wardship of his son, 11 (2). 
 
 Captain, 51, 52, 55. 
 " Butter boxes " [i.e. the Dutch], 
 
 364. 
 
 Byland, Old, manor of, York- 
 shire, 22. 
 
 C., Mr., 72. 
 
 Cadaval (Calavall), Duke of, 85, 86, 
 
 283. 
 
 Cadeaw, Christopher, a Frenchman, 
 disturbance created by, 113, 
 114. 
 
 Cadiz (Gales), 189, 214, 414, 429. 
 naval engagement near, 359. 
 Spanish fleet at, 83, 281. 
 visit of Sir John Lawson to, 
 
 alluded to, 281. 
 Road, 278. 
 Caesar, Julius, Sion never taken by, 
 
 73. 
 
 bridge built by, 72. 
 " Caesar's head," 430. 
 Csesarea (Saesarea) [Palestine], 192. 
 " Caesarian embassadore," the. See 
 
 Lesley, Count. 
 Majesty, his. See Emperor, 
 
 the. 
 
 Caetano [or Caietan, Henry], Car- 
 dinal, Pope's Legate in 
 France (1590), letter from, 
 29. 
 Cahir, the, Butler of. See Butler, 
 
 Sir Theobald. 
 Cairo or Grand Cairo [Egypt], 100, 
 
 192, 255, 458. 
 Basha of, money claimed by, 
 
 452. 
 Bey at [Ibrahim Bassa], letter 
 
 to, 161. 
 
 Consul at (English), 161. 
 (French). See Bermond. 
 mummy from, 225, 251. 
 suggested agent for, 133. 
 treasury of the Egyptian Kings, 
 
 at, 451. 
 Calais (Calis, Gales) [France], 75, 
 
 221> 449. 
 Captain or governor of. Sec 
 
 Gordan. 
 
 disturbance concerning cat 
 hanged at, 17. 
 
 Calais cont. 
 
 Lord Buckhurst at, 13, 14, 18. 
 Calamba; " roots of," from Mozam- 
 bique, 399, 400. 
 
 Calamina, Bishop of. See Ridolfi. 
 Calaval, Duke of. See Cadaval. 
 " Calmutz," the, in arms against the 
 
 Tartars, 259. 
 Calvin, John, his life in Geneva, 
 
 alluded to, 70. 
 his burial place, 71. 
 Cambay, Bay of [India], 223. 
 Carribio, the, business of, alluded to, 
 
 421. 
 Cambridge, 68. 
 
 letters dated at, 1 9. 
 
 written at, alluded to, 
 
 462. 
 
 a tutor and scholar of, 12. 
 University of, 423, 424. 
 
 , chaplain recommended by, 
 
 See Luke. 
 -, student sent to, 364. 
 
 St. John's College, a fellow of. 
 See Luke. 
 
 , John Broadgate dismissed 
 
 from, 325. 
 
 Cambridge, Duke of (son of the 
 Duke of York), death of, 
 alluded to, 472 (2), 473, 485. 
 Caminitz [qy. Kaunitz], the only 
 fortification on the frontier, 
 460. 
 
 Campbell, Archibald, Marquis of 
 Argyle, trial and execution 
 of, 102, 117, 136, 142. 
 Candahar [Afghanistan], coast of, 
 
 armies going to, 408. 
 re-delivery of, to India, de- 
 manded, 439. 
 
 Candia, island of. See Crete, 
 city of, 147, 286, 430. 
 
 , letters dated from, 513 
 
 (3). 
 Canea [Crete], 103. 
 
 Greeks and Turks in, 104. 
 Cannanore [India], taken by the 
 
 Dutch, 273. 
 
 Canterbury, Archbishops of, 41. 
 
 And see Abbot, George ; 
 
 Cranmer, Thomas ; Juxon, 
 
 William ; Sheldon, Gilbert. 
 
 Canterbury, city of, 5, 26, 28, 42 (2). 
 
 Mayor of (1560), commission to, 
 
 5. 
 
 Provost Marshal for, 29. 
 Cape-Corse, Dutch fort at, taken, 
 
 337. 
 Cape or Cabo Verde (Cape du Vert), 
 
 Bishop of. See Kussell. 
 the Dutch at, 337, 352, 
 353.
 
 539 
 
 Cape Verde con/. 
 
 Islands of, first meridian said 
 
 to lie in, 59. 
 Capello : 
 
 Signor Andrea, letter to, 242. 
 Signer Giovanni, Venetian Am- 
 bassador extraordinary to 
 Turkey, death of, 227, 241, 
 242. 
 
 , transportation of his body 
 
 to Venice, 241, 242, 252, 253. 
 
 Caracena (Sarazone), the Marques de, 
 
 successor of. See Castle 
 
 Roderigo. 
 
 Caranania, Bassa of (ex-Bassa at 
 
 Aleppo), 234. 
 
 Carbery, Earl of. See Vaughan. 
 Carew (Caroo) : 
 
 Sir Gawin, 17, 18. 
 
 George, factor at Smyrna, 169. 
 
 , letter signed by, 148. 
 
 Joseph, 183. 
 
 Lady, 10. 
 
 Richard, factor at Smyrna, 1 69. 
 
 , letter signed by, 148. 
 Weymouth, factor at Smyrna, 
 169, 329. 
 
 , avania in relation to, 300, 
 
 380, 381, 390, 417. 
 -, letter signed by, 148. 
 
 Carey (Carye), Sir Wymond, 36. 
 Carlingford, Earl of. See Taaffe, 
 
 Theobald. 
 Carlisle, Earl of. See Howard, 
 
 Charles. 
 Carter, Captain, complaints against 
 
 the proceedings of, 51-58. 
 recall of, 57n, 58n. 
 Carthagena [Columbia, South 
 
 America], Spanish fleet from, 
 
 57. 
 
 Governor of, 58. 
 Carthusian monks. See Mignet, 
 
 Father. 
 
 execution of, picture of, 64. 
 " Casa Nuova," Signor, character of, 
 
 434. 
 
 Casal, reported taken by the Span- 
 iards, 446. 
 Cason or Casson [Edmund], treaty 
 
 made by, (in 1(!46) alluded to, 
 
 89. 
 
 Cassumbuzar [Bengal, India], coun- 
 try round, famine in, 507. 
 news from, 475. 
 Castelfranco [Italy]. 76. 
 Castello Blanco, Visconde de, 86. 
 Castelmelhor (Castelmelior], Conde 
 
 do, 283. 
 
 house of, looted, 284. 
 Castelnuovo (Castollo iiovo) [Italy], 
 
 76. 
 
 Castle, Mr., 39. 
 
 Castle Roderigo, the Marquee of, 
 
 governor of Flanders, 354. 
 Castles, the [Dardanelles], 430, 485. 
 
 ships from, resist the English, 
 
 396. 
 
 Castro, Antonio de Melo de, Portu- 
 guese Viceroy at Goa [India], 
 Bombay held by, 243, 
 306. 
 
 , given up to the British by, 
 
 366. 
 
 movements and proceedings of, 
 465, 475, 506. 
 
 reported death of, 491. 
 Catacusenos, Constantin, a gentle- 
 man of Wallachia, assist- 
 ance requested for, 448. 
 CateDi, Innocentio Luo, 8. 
 Catherine of Braganza, Infanta of 
 Portugal, afterwards Queen 
 of England, 135, 138, 159, 
 160, 274, 275, 404, 515. 
 
 letter from, alluded to, 451. 
 
 letters to, 138, 451. 
 
 her marriage -with Charles II, 
 85, 86, 119. 
 
 , alluded to, 380. 
 
 her convoy to England, 135, 
 143, 160, 172, 173. 
 
 her arrival in England, 200, 210, 
 213. 
 
 visit of, to Tonbridge, 274. 
 
 in relation to the Jesuits, 255, 
 256. 
 
 in relation to the Countess of 
 Winchilsea, 511. 
 
 family (relations) of, 139. 
 Cattaro (Cataro, Catero) [Dalmatia], 
 designs of the Turks against, 
 219, 232, 498, 499. 
 Caussin (Causinus) Nicolas (con- 
 fessor to Louis XIII), sup- 
 ports Mary de' Medici, 66. 
 Cavalcanti (Calvacante) [Guido], 15, 
 
 17, 18. 
 
 Cave, William, Consul at Smyrna, 
 181, 185, 187, 199, 236, 285, 
 333. 
 
 letters from, 181, 194, 202, 205, 
 210, 214, 220, 224, 231, 232 
 (2), 234, 238, 239, 245, 312, 
 315, 317, 323, 325 (2), 326, 
 328, 330, 331, 345. 355, 359, 
 360 (2), 363 (2), 367, 370, 371, 
 372, 375, 377 (2), 383, 384, 406, 
 417. 
 
 letters to, alluded to, 357, 378. 
 
 , copy of, 357. 
 
 , quoted, 382. 
 
 praise of, 190. 
 
 servant of. See Samuel.
 
 540 
 
 Cave, William cont. 
 
 his gratuity and salary re- 
 trenched by the Levant Com- 
 pany, 364, 377, 378. 
 
 in relation to John Broadgate 
 and the Levant Company, 
 314, 364, 367, 382, 389. 
 
 in relation to Alderman Love, 
 357, 382, 417. 
 
 death of, alluded to, 474. 
 Cecil : 
 
 Sir Robert, 34. 
 
 , letter from, 33. 
 
 , wife of (Lady Heneage's 
 
 cousin), 33. 
 
 Sir William (afterwards Lord 
 Burghley, Secretary of State, 
 14. 
 
 , documents signed by, 2. 
 
 , help or good-will of, 11. 
 
 , intercedes for the Duke of 
 
 Norfolk, 8, 9. 
 -, letters from, 6 (2), 8-11, 
 
 18. 
 
 to, 19. 
 
 , messages to, 8, 18. 
 
 notes or memoranda by, 9. 
 servant of, 10. 
 
 Cedron, brook [Holy Land], 238. 
 Ceylon (Zeiloan), Island of, 307. 
 the Dutch in, 209, 475. 
 advantages connected with, 86. 
 Chalcedon [William Smith], Bishop 
 
 of, 63, 64. 
 
 Challocke [Kent], parsonage of, 268. 
 Chalons (Chalon) [France], 67, 68. 
 Chamblett, Captain Samuel, letters 
 
 signed by, 392, 393. 
 unscrupulous conduct of, 228, 
 
 230, 231. 
 
 Chanceaux (Chanseau) [France], 67. 
 Chaplains, necessity for orthodoxy 
 
 in, 327. 
 Charles I, King of England : 
 
 casual allusions to, 43, 44, 96, 
 
 120, 133, 140, 221, 510. 
 fleet of, 48. 
 
 messages to and from, 49, 50. 
 nominates Sir Heneage Finch to 
 
 be Speaker, 43. 
 resolves to hold a parliament, 
 
 43. 
 
 first parliament of, 44 et seq. 
 speech of, at opening of parlia- 
 ment, 44. 
 speech delivered to, by Sir 
 
 Heneage Finch, 45. 
 defends the Duke of Bucking- 
 ham, 46. 
 speech of, 49. 
 
 Remonstrance of the Commons 
 to, 50. 
 
 Charles I cont. 
 
 reply of, to the Parliament, 
 
 Commissioners at Newport, 
 
 59. 
 execution of, anniversary of, 
 
 kept as a solemn fast, 102. 
 sale of his lands, documents 
 
 concerning, 73. 
 judges of (his murderers), 
 
 arraignment of, 1 73. 
 Charles II, casual allusions, 73- 
 
 523 passim. 
 letters from, 80 (2), 81, 82, 100, 
 
 134, 169, 214, 240, 243, 464, 
 
 490, 511. 
 , alluded to, 82, 286, 296, 
 
 308 (2), 374, 499. 
 -, desired or expected, 131, 
 
 141, 516 (2). 
 , error in, 286. 
 -, promised, 295. 
 
 letters to, 78-87 passim, 95, 96 
 
 (2), 99, 110, 122 (2). 127, 132, 
 
 138, 142, 153, 184, 257, 266, 
 
 277, 281, 308, 389, 463, 516. 
 , alluded to, 87, 171, 294, 
 
 295, 361. 
 , from the Dutch, alluded 
 
 to, 455. 
 letters forwarded to, 303. 
 
 , shown to, 303. 
 
 to be written to, 89. 
 
 (the Prince of Wales), sale of 
 
 his estates, 73. 
 address to, 311. 
 affairs of, 102, 131, 140, 206, 
 
 226, 231, 243, 291, 317, 409, 
 
 454, 499. 
 
 allowances from, asked for, 181. 
 appeal to, 227. 
 appointments conferred by, 245, 
 
 265, 379, 431, 449, 509. 
 his arms, diamond engraved 
 
 with, 477. 
 (on the ambassador's seal), 
 
 511. 
 
 bills passed by, 200. 
 birthday of, 122. 
 burnt in effigy. 476. 
 chaplain of. See Frampton. 
 charters granted by, alluded to, 
 
 164, 411. 
 his coffers, 293. 
 commands or orders of, 88. 143, 
 
 ICO, 267, 292, 293, 313, 317, 
 
 318, 349, 388, 410. 
 commissions from, alluded to, 
 
 213, 243, 314, 390, 401. 
 commissioners of, treaty signed 
 
 by, 136. 
 constancy of, to those whom ho 
 
 loved, 4o4.
 
 541 
 
 Charles II con/. 
 
 consulship begged from. See 
 
 Tunis, 
 his coronation, 102, 114-118, 
 
 135, 138. 
 
 court of. See English court, 
 courted by the French, 492. 
 Declaration by, 367. 
 delight of, in shipping, 118. 
 diamond ring of, 482, 493, 509. 
 embassy bestowed by, 470. 
 exchange of prisoners by, al- 
 luded to, 431. 
 excise of ale and beer granted 
 
 to, 94. 
 
 his expenses, 274, 298. 
 his fame abroad, 142, 248, 266, 
 
 267. 
 
 his foreign wars, alluded to, 428. 
 his friends, 206, 432. 
 his government, 205. 
 grandfather of. See James I. 
 grants from, 123, 194. 
 Groom of the bedchamber to. 
 
 See Proger. 
 
 his importance in Europe, 126. 
 instructions from, 81, 328, 423. 
 
 , alluded to, 177, 349, 451. 
 
 , difficulty of observing, 
 
 379. 
 Latin Secretary to. See Oudart, 
 
 Nicholas, 
 letters of reprisal granted by, 
 
 363. 
 " liberalities " of, to seamen, 
 
 &c., 388. 
 licence from, alluded to, 473, 
 
 488. 
 loyalty or affection to. 117, 1 38, 
 
 180, 241, 257, 308, 513, 514. 
 
 , , enjoined, 208. 
 
 messages to and from, 85, 92, 
 
 226, 339, 455. 
 
 concerning, 219. 
 
 ministers of, matters referred 
 
 to, 293. 
 , abroad. See England, 
 
 ambassadors from, 
 money wanted from, 288, 292, 
 
 293, 297. 
 his mother. See Henrietta 
 
 Maria, 
 movements of, 274-275, 404, 
 
 456. 
 
 narrative sent by, 342. 
 his officers, 295. 
 orders of, alluded to, 172, 179, 
 
 339, 359, 430, 464, 472, 510, 
 
 511, 512, 516, 518. 
 or directions of, asked for, 
 
 147, 231, 242, 243, 286. 
 petitions or requests to, 171. 
 
 Charles II con*. 
 
 , alluded to, 166. 
 
 , proposed, 461, 462, 463, 
 
 526. 
 
 portrait of, 435. 
 praise of, 338, 454. 
 presents for, 104, 186, 203, 225, 
 
 231, 266, 271, 290, 451. 
 privy seal ordered by, 254. 
 proclamations of, 101, 255, 256. 
 prosperity of England under, 
 
 197. 
 
 his ratification of treaties, 246. 
 recommendations by, 81. 
 reported mistress of. See Lane, 
 his restoration, 79, 80, 132. 
 
 , alluded to, 414. 
 
 , rejoicings upon, 78, 79. 
 
 , , in India, 162. 
 
 , no congratulations from 
 
 the Emperor upon, 296. 
 revenue of, settlement of, 153, 
 
 161, 255, 256. 
 , measures for enlarging, 
 
 414. 
 
 rumoured assassination of, 105. 
 rumoured cession of towns to. 
 
 See Ostend and Nieuport. 
 a sacred observer of his royal 
 
 word, 296. 
 
 his seal, 153, 159, 160, 382, 390. 
 sermon preached before, 449. 
 his sign manual, 492. 
 his signet, 160. 
 subsidies granted to, 274. 
 supplies voted for, 130, 173, 263, 
 
 355. 
 
 for the fleet, 505. 
 his title in Turkey, 127. 
 vindication of, from a libel, 345. 
 warrants of, alluded to, 133, 274. 
 his marriage with the Infanta of 
 
 Portugal, 85, 86, 129, 135, 
 
 138, 140, 141, 200, 210. 
 
 , announced, 119, 128. 
 
 , popularity of, 141. 
 , feast to celebrate, alluded 
 
 to, 380. 
 -, fortune, &c., received in 
 
 connexion with, 129. 
 
 his meeting with Queen Cath- 
 erine, 200, 210, 213. 
 
 signs pass for the Earl of Win- 
 chilsea, 75. 
 
 recommends the Earl of Win- 
 chilsea to the Levant Com- 
 pany, 80. 
 
 his instructions to the Earl of 
 Winchilsea, 81. 
 
 allowances from, to volunteers, 
 asked for, 81. 
 
 and Portugal, 86, 244, 456,
 
 542 
 
 Charles II cow*. 
 
 in relation to parliament, 94, 
 130, 180, 187, 188, 243, 254, 
 255, 256, 274, 302, 303, 316, 
 355, 395. 
 
 Sir Thomas Bendyshe re-called 
 by. See Bendyshe. 
 
 in relation to Turkey, 99, 103, 
 129. 134, 267, 291, 296, 297, 
 301, 304, 319, 351, 368, 369, 
 428, 429. 
 
 in relation to negotiations and 
 treaty with Algiers, 101, 116, 
 266. And see Algiers. 
 
 to the parliament in Ire- 
 land, 153. 
 
 the parliament in Scot- 
 
 land, 102. 
 
 goes in state to open parliament, 
 
 118. 
 speech of, at the opening of 
 
 parliament, 119. 
 suggested as umpire between 
 
 Turkey and Venice, 121, 122, 
 
 124, 129, 145, 153. 155, 291, 
 
 292, 296, 347. 
 his " umbrages " towards the 
 
 Dutch ambassadors, 129. 
 his resentment against the 
 
 Spanish ambassador, 129. 
 influence of, preserves the Act 
 
 of Indemnity, 130. 
 Portuguese ambassador enter- 
 tained by, 133, 136. 
 treaty between the King of 
 
 Portugal and, 136. 
 correspondence between the 
 
 King of Portugal and. See 
 
 Portugal, King of. 
 design of. against Algiers, 139. 
 
 140, 145, 159. 
 towns to be ceded to. See 
 
 Bombay. See Tangier, 
 relation of the Emperor towards, 
 
 147. 
 is godfather to the son of 
 
 the Earl of Winchilsea, 154, 
 
 155, 156. 
 his promise to the Bishop of 
 
 Cabo Verde, 159. 
 Tangier resigned to, upon his 
 
 marriage, 1 60. 
 in relation to Algiers, 163, 167, 
 
 168, 202, 282, 294. And see 
 
 Algiers, proceedings of the 
 
 English fleet at. 
 action of. in regard to the 
 
 quarrel between the French 
 
 and Spanish ambassadors, 
 
 170. 
 in relation to Lord Winchilsea. 
 
 182, 187, 200, 245, 287, 290, 
 
 Charles II cont. 
 
 294, 295, 297, 317, 364, 418, 
 
 430. 
 is annoyed with the French 
 
 King's guarantees to Holland, 
 
 189. 
 advised to declare war against 
 
 Tripoli and Algiers, 198. 
 confidence and harmony between 
 
 parliament and, 200, 254, 
 
 263. 
 
 new Secretary of State ap- 
 pointed by. See Bennet, Sir 
 
 Henry, 
 has written on behalf of Signer 
 
 Dolfino, 201. 
 invites his mother to England, 
 
 204. 
 his agreements with towns in 
 
 Barbary, 205. 
 The Dutch wish to undermine, 
 
 in the peace with Algiers, 
 
 ibid. 
 advisability of his sending forces 
 
 to India. 210. 
 and Venice, 213, 332, 428. 
 sells Dunkirk to the King of 
 
 France, 221. 
 protection of, desired by the 
 
 Portuguese in India, 223, 
 
 224. 
 sympathy of, for the Prince of 
 
 Transylvania, 245. 
 is willing to gratify Sir John 
 
 Clobery, 255. 
 
 in relation to the Levant Com- 
 pany, 257, 293, 317, 318, 
 
 361-2, 363, 391, 414. 
 his right to the protection of 
 
 strangers in Turkey, 262. 
 makes Rothes his commissioner 
 
 in Scotland, 263. 
 is in danger of losing what he 
 
 has in India, 273. 
 report of Tangier brought to, 
 
 276, 277, 280. 
 fear that he may part with 
 
 Tangier, 281. 
 the Grand Signor's treaty with 
 
 Algiers &c. is very welcome 
 
 to, 295. 
 sends a fleet to check the 
 
 Algerians, 295. 
 appoints a Commissioner of Oycr 
 
 and Terminer, 295, 298. 
 no great friendship between the 
 
 Emperor and, 296, 304. 
 " good correspondence " be- 
 tween the Venetians and 296. 
 gives Winchilsea a free hand in 
 
 his dealings with the Greek 
 
 and Latin Churches, 297.
 
 543 
 
 Charles IT -cont. 
 
 in relation to the Earl of Bristol, 
 
 274, 302, 303. 
 answers of, to parliament, in 
 
 relation to the Dutch, 311, 337. 
 prorogues parliament, 312. 
 indignation of, at the aggres- 
 
 sions of the Dutch, 313. 
 in relation to English chaplains 
 
 abroad, 327. 
 ambassadors of, 332, 381, 382, 
 
 411. See also England, am- 
 bassadors from, 
 ambassadors appointed by. See 
 
 Hollis and Coventry, 
 in relation to the Dutch war, 
 
 337, 352-364. 
 
 manifesto sent to, by the Dutch, 
 
 338, 353. 
 
 messages of, to the Dutch, 338, 
 
 352. 
 
 , alluded to, 455. 
 
 his " narrative " to Parliament 
 
 concerning the quarrel with 
 
 the Dutch, 342. 
 greatness of, to be enforced on 
 
 the Turkish ministers, 350. 
 in relation to Sweden and Den- 
 mark, 354, 355, 432. 
 his satisfaction with the late 
 
 Genoese ambassador, 358. 
 at a meeting of the Privy Coun- 
 cil. 361. 
 in relation to the East India 
 
 Company, 366, 505, 508. 
 persuades the Duke of York 
 
 not to go with the fleet, 395. 
 Portugal inclines towards an 
 
 alliance with, 426. 
 his capitulations with Turkey. 
 
 See Turkey, English capitu- 
 lations with. 
 in relation to the treaty with 
 
 Holland, 455, 456. 
 his interview with the Swedish 
 
 ambassadors, 455. 
 league between Holland and 
 
 Sweden and. See Triple 
 
 Alliance, 
 must not be forward to declare 
 
 his sentiments, 485. 
 his displeasure against the Earl 
 
 of Clarendon, 486, 505. 
 his orders for the return of the 
 
 Earl of Winchilsea, alluded to, 
 
 490, 491. 499, 502 (2). 
 his revenue in Bombay, great 
 
 increase in. 507. 
 Charles Lewis, Elector Palatine of 
 
 the Rhine, letter to. 401. 
 visit of, to England, alluded to, 
 
 401. 
 
 Charterhouse [Middlesex], residence 
 
 of Sir Movie Finch at, 40. 
 Charterhouse, the, at Shene. Ste 
 
 Shene. 
 
 " Chase," the. See Kingswood. 
 Ch as til Ion, Monsieur, suburbs of 
 
 Paris seized by, 30. 
 Chateau Gaillard [France], 32. 
 Chatham [Kent], 456. 
 
 English ships at, destroyed by 
 
 the Dutch, 476. 
 Chaul [India], Portuguese possession. 
 
 440. 
 Cheeke (Ceeke), John, secretary, 2, 
 
 3. 
 
 Cheeseman, captain of the soldiers 
 at Fort St. George, mutiny 
 of, 441, 442. 
 Chelebee, Mahomet, a merchant of 
 
 Bagdad. See Bagdatli, the. 
 Chelsea (Chelsy), 364. 
 Chenies (Cheyniss), co. Bucks, 
 letters dated from, 9 (2), 10. 
 visit of Queen Elizabeth to, 9. 
 Cherbury [Edward], Lord Herbert 
 
 of. See Herbert. 
 
 Cheshire, collector of the loan 
 money in. See Savage, Sir 
 John. 
 
 Chester, forces placed in, 206. 
 Chester, Thomas, 73. 
 
 petition of, 74. 
 Chetle, Chettle, John, factor at 
 
 Smyrna, 169. 
 letter signed by, 148. 
 Chimianus [i.e. Kimenyi]. See Tran- 
 sylvania, Prince of. 
 China, 151, 435, 450, 474. 
 
 Dutch trade with, 151, 506. 
 Emperor of, in relation to the 
 
 Dutch, 474, 506. 
 rareties from, commissions for, 
 
 399, 400. 
 " remedies against the plague " 
 
 from, 451. 
 Chinese, the : 
 
 compared with the Tartars. See 
 
 Tartars. 
 
 cup, ordered, 397. 
 Chingani, " slaves that are," 448. 
 Chioggia, Island of [Italy], 76, 76. 
 Chiourli. See Chorlu. 
 Chohnondeley (Cholmely), Hugh, 
 
 279. 
 
 superintends the construction of 
 the Mole at Tangiers, 264, 
 280. 
 
 Chowne, Mr., 355. 
 Christian : 
 
 armies, not so hardy as the 
 
 Turks, 460. 
 Church or cause, 291, 305, 328,
 
 544 
 
 Christian cont. 
 
 churches in Turkey. See Latin, 
 Greek, and Armenian 
 Churches. 
 
 neighbours of England, 388. 
 princes, 99, 198, 288, 296, 304, 
 
 316, 402, 461. 
 Christians : 
 
 caravan of, 416. 
 at Canea, 104. 
 in Turkey, 195. 
 
 , said to have been the 
 
 cause of fire and pestilence, 
 197. 
 enemies of, 147. See also Kiu- 
 
 prili, Ahmad. 
 
 in relation to the Turks, 328. 
 Christmastide (Christide), 130, 229, 
 
 312. 
 
 Churches, the, abroad, 454. 
 Churlo, Chiourli [Turkey], letters 
 
 dated at, 393, 405. 
 Chute, Mr., 42. 
 Cinq Ports, Warden of. See Brooke, 
 
 William, Lord Cobham. 
 Cipher, 80. 
 
 Circassia, Count of, 180. 
 Civil War or Rebellion, the late, 
 alluded to, 459, 486, 487, 
 511. 
 
 Civita Castellana [Italy], 76. 
 Clapp, Captain, 304. 
 Clarendon, Earl of. See Hyde, 
 
 Edward. 
 
 Clarentia or Chiarenza, Bay of 
 [Morea] : English men sur- 
 prised by the Turks at, 198. 
 And see Ships : Anne. 
 Clarke : 
 
 Mr., " minister " at Smyrna, 166. 
 (Clerke), Sir William, secre- 
 tary to the Duke of Albemarle, 
 death of, 426. 
 
 Clifford, George, Earl of Cumber- 
 land, 35. 
 
 Clifton, [Frances] Lady, son of, 249. 
 Clinton, Lady, 7. 
 
 Edward, Lord Clinton, High 
 
 Admiral, in France, 9. 
 Clobery, Sir John, son-in-law of, 255. 
 Clutterbuck, Clotterbooke : 
 
 Jasper, factor at Smyrna : letter 
 
 signed by, 113. 
 
 , merchant of Leghorn, 
 pass or certificate given by, 
 400. 
 
 Clyff, J., clerk of the Signet, docu- 
 ment signed by, 4. 
 Clynton, a pirate, 26. 
 Coat and conduct money, 510. 
 Cobham (Cubbam) [Kent], 34. 
 Hall, Kent, 4. 
 
 Cobham : 
 
 Henry, mission of, to Duke of 
 Alva and Queen of Spain, 
 10. 
 
 Lord. See Brooke. 
 Coblenz [Germany], 76. 
 Cochin (Couchin) [India], 243. 
 
 Governor of. See Seremento. 
 the Queen of, taken prisoner by 
 
 the Dutch, 224. 
 
 threatened and taken by the 
 Dutch, 209, 210, 214, 224, 
 243, 256, 272, 329, 450. 
 the Dutch at, alluded to, 475. 
 Cogell, Mr., made Consul at Mar- 
 seilles, 397. 
 Coixim, , successor of, in China, 
 
 450. 
 Coke: 
 
 Clement, speech of, alluded to, 
 
 47. 
 Sir Edward, 49. 
 
 , presents remonstrance to 
 
 the King, 50. 
 Mr., 491. 
 
 Colbert [Charles], sent by the King 
 of France to the Princes of 
 the Rhine, 504, 505. 
 Cole, Captain John, of the Anne and 
 
 Christopher, 498, 499. 
 Colebrooke [Devon ?], 468. 
 Cologne (Colen) 76, 124. 
 Bishop of, 355. 
 dogs sent to, 254. 
 
 Colston, Richard, English Consul at 
 Marseilles, letter to, 248, 
 397. 
 Columbo (Columba) [Ceylon], taken 
 
 by the Dutch, 86. 
 Comet, appearance of, predictions 
 
 framed upon, 346. 
 Commissioners for Removing Ob- 
 structions in the Sale of the 
 King's lands, reports to, 73. 
 petition to, 74. 
 
 Commissioners for stipends &c., 1. 
 Parliament, Declaration of, 59. 
 Common Pleas (Common Place), 
 judges of, case put before, 4. 
 Commons, House of, 49. 
 Acts passed by, 188. 
 appealed to, by the East Indian 
 
 Company, 505. 
 bills in, alluded to, 1 73. 
 business before, 486. 
 committee of, conference with 
 
 desired, 50. 
 
 comportment of member of, 
 . 382. 
 election of members for, corrupt 
 
 practices attending, 512. 
 in relation to the King, 180.
 
 545 
 
 Commons, House of cont. 
 
 militia constituted by, 173, 188. 
 oration of the Earl of Bristol in, 
 274. 
 
 petition to. 51. 
 
 privilege in, right of, disputed, 
 511, 512. 
 
 proceedings in, 50. 
 
 Speaker of. See Finch , Heneage. 
 
 , appointment of, 44. 
 
 supplies voted by, 173, 188. 
 
 votes in, 173, 304, 311, 505. 
 Comorin (Cormorin) Cape [India], 
 
 124, 209. 
 Compton : 
 
 Sir Henry, English ambassador 
 to Portugal, notice of, 65. 
 
 [Henry], at Clirist Church, Ox- 
 ford, 443. 
 
 Lady, in France, 65. 
 
 Spencer, Earl of Northampton, 
 
 303. 
 Conde", Prince of. See Bourbon, 
 
 Louis de. 
 
 Conformity, laws of, limited to Eng- 
 land, 411. 
 
 Congo, Persians at, 466. 
 Coningsegge. See Konigseck. 
 Constantino, a refugee in Poland, 
 
 117, 120. 
 
 Constantinople : casual allusions, 
 passim. See also Galata, Pera, 
 Stamboul. 
 
 Adrianople gate at, 151. 
 
 better worth seeing than Italy, 
 247. 
 
 Cappigee Bassa f rom, at Aleppo. 
 See Aleppo. 
 
 new chaplain for. See Denton. 
 
 Chimacam of, orders from, 351, 
 452, 516. 
 
 (Chief) Customer at, 429, 485. 
 
 Christian churches in Galata 
 and, destroyed, rebuilt, and 
 sentenced to be again de- 
 molished, 195, 197, 198, 203. 
 
 compared with Philippopolis, 
 371. 
 
 cost of living in, 123. 
 
 deputy ambassador at, a former. 
 See Barton. 
 
 documents dated at, 364, 488, 
 489. 
 
 Bute!) resident in, 381. 
 
 , his protection craved, 372. 
 
 , quarrels between the 
 
 French ambassador and, 488, 
 489. 
 
 English factory at, letter from, 
 171. 
 
 . payment to be made by, 
 
 169. 
 
 Wt. 29495. 
 
 Constantinople cont. 
 
 fanatical Quaker in, 400. 
 
 fires at, 197. 
 
 Four Corners at, 264. 
 
 French Consul at, 91. 
 
 Grand Signer and the army, 
 
 leave, 150. 
 Greek Church in. Patriarch of, 
 
 186,227,231,233, 349. 
 , , complaint made to, 
 
 368, 371. 
 " the horse tail " set forth in, 
 
 241. 
 
 Intelligence from, 258. 
 Latin Fathers in, 137. 
 Levant Company at, Chan- 
 cery or Cancellaria of, 127, 
 
 313. 
 
 , treasurer of. See Hedges. 
 
 Maimarbashee in, (chief of the 
 
 carpenters and masons), 
 
 strangled, 1 98. 
 
 mosques at, beauty of, 523. 
 orders or documents from, 118, 
 
 349, 408. 
 
 place near. See Belgrade, 
 plague in, 139, 144, 146, 150, 151, 
 
 155, 156, 167, 448, 466. 
 
 , prospects of, 459. 
 
 fear of plague being carried to, 
 
 386. 
 Ragusean ambassador in, 158. 
 
 224. 
 ambassadors expected at, 
 
 449. 
 reception of the Earl of Win- 
 
 chilsea at, 94. And see Finch, 
 
 Heneage. 
 Roman Catholic Bishop at, 
 
 349. 
 Seraglio of the Grand Signer 
 
 at, 323 r 522. 
 the Seven Towers at, 97, 105, 188 
 
 (2), 286, 407. 
 
 , prisoners in, 286, 488. 
 
 slaves brought to, 459. 
 the straits of, 136. 
 the Tower of, 135. 
 trade of, revived, 361. 
 travellers to, from, or at, 88, 
 
 90, 91, 99, 101. 102, 106, 113, 
 
 127, 134, 143, 156, 169 (2), 
 
 175, 238, 247, 278, 349, 350, 
 
 355, 359, 360, 365, 368, 372, 
 
 373, 387, 388, 392, 393, 394, 
 
 402, 404, 480, 482, 491, 495. 
 Turkish Court going to, 385. 
 Vicar Apostolic and Suffragan 
 
 Patriarch of. See Ridolfi. 
 Consulage, 93, 94, 480. 
 Conusiall, the river [India], floods on, 
 
 475. 
 
 n 35
 
 546 
 
 Conway : 
 
 Edward, Lord Conway, 59, 456. 
 
 , his views about travel, 77. 
 
 , letter from, 76. 
 
 , present from, 409. 
 
 Anne, Viscountess Conway, 59. 
 
 , messages from, 77. 
 
 , visit to, alluded to, 404. 
 
 Cooke : 
 
 Humphrey, secretary to Sir 
 Abraham Shipman, made 
 Lieutenant General of the 
 British forces at Angediva, 
 366. 
 
 , as Lieutenant Governor of 
 
 Bombay, 440. 
 John, letter from, 517. 
 Cooper or Cowper : 
 
 Anthony Ashley, Lord Cooper, 
 letters to, 125, 184. 
 
 , created Lord Ashley of 
 
 Wimborne St. Giles, 117. 
 Roger, letter to, 335. 
 Copleman, Lady, 253. 
 Copthall (Copt Hale) [Essex], resi- 
 dence of Sir Thomas Heneage, 
 21, 23, 28, 34. 
 
 , staircase being made for, 
 
 25, 26. 
 
 Corbeil (Corbell) [France], 66. 
 Cordell : 
 
 Edward, 17, 18. 
 Sir William, letter of, 7. 
 Corinth [Greece], 325. 
 
 Bishop of, made Cardinal, 63. 
 Cork, Earl of. See Boyle, Richard. 
 Cornaro, Richard Christophilus, 
 (Ysuf Chaous), "Duke of 
 Negropont," mother of, 180. 
 said to be an imposter, 198. 
 Coromandel, East [India], 124. 
 Corraro, Angelo, Procurator of San 
 Marco, Venetian Ambassador 
 to Rome and England, 76, 141 . 
 
 , letter from, 80. 
 
 , to, 132. 
 
 Cortenaer [Egbert], Vice- Admiral of 
 
 the Dutch fleet, 277. 
 killed in battle, 375. 
 Cortese, Signor, dismissal of, alluded 
 
 to, 496. 
 Cosbin, Governor of. See Blockye, 
 
 Sultan. 
 Cossacks, the, 453, 460, 498. 
 
 in arms against the Tartars, 
 
 259. 
 
 in relation to the Turks, 259. 
 heads of, 119. 
 Coste, B., gun made by, 340. 
 Cotonery, letter signed, 519. 
 Cottington, Francis, Lord Cotting- 
 ton, 72. 
 
 Covenant, the Solemn League and, 
 
 alluded to, 137. 
 
 Coventry [Warwickshire], disman- 
 tled, 206. 
 Coventry : 
 
 Henry, as envoy to Holland, 457. 
 
 , to Sweden, 339, 354, 457. 
 
 Thomas, Lord Coventry, Lord 
 
 Keeper of the Great Seal, 50. 
 
 , letter from, 43. 
 
 , -- to, 43. 
 
 , speeches by, 44, 45, 49. 
 
 -- , as Chancellor of the Ex- 
 chequer, 46, 47. 
 
 - , in connexion with Sir 
 Heneage Finch, 44. 
 
 Walter, treasurer to the 
 English factory at Smyrna, 
 100, 115, 170. 
 
 - , letters from, 108, 114. 
 
 - , - signed by, 113, 300. 
 
 , end of his term of office, 
 
 131. 
 
 Sir William, post resigned by, 
 
 483. 
 Coxen, " the Gran Chinche's pyratt ": 
 
 defeats the Dutch, 324. 
 Cranganore [India], besieged and 
 taken by the Dutch, 209, 210, 
 214. 
 Portuguese Governor of, killed, 
 
 214. 
 Cranmer, Thomas, Archbishop of 
 
 Canterbury, 2. 
 Cranswick [Kent ?], 469. 
 Cravant (Crevan) [France], 67. 
 " Crawle " (Sovereign prince), title 
 given to Charles II in Tur- 
 key, 127. 
 
 Cray, letter dated at, 13. 
 Crequi [Artois], traveller to, 263. 
 Crequi, Duke of, French ambassador 
 in Rome, affront offered to, 
 221. 
 
 Crete or Candia (Candy, Candi), Is- 
 land of, 96, 133, 180, 485, 
 500, 513. 
 
 General of, said to be a French- 
 man, 489. 
 Greek priest in, made Metropo- 
 
 lite of, 286. 
 Sergeant-General in. See Freis- 
 
 heim. 
 Venetian Secretary in, death of, 
 
 488. 
 
 Venetian territories in, 232. 
 designs of the Turks against, 
 
 157, 232, 429, 432, 447. 
 reported offer of, by Venice, 
 
 to Spain and France, 171. 
 negotiations concerning, 231, 
 385, 430,
 
 547 
 
 Crete cont. 
 
 French forces withdrawn from, 
 
 179. 
 
 ships commandeered for, by 
 the Turks, 179, 180, 412, 413, 
 458, 491, 494, 495, 496, 498, 
 502, 503. 
 
 Turkish forces and provisions 
 for, 179, 355, 394, 407, 412, 
 413, 430, 444, 499, 501. 
 the Turks in, losses of, 365, 
 495, 519. 
 
 , prisoner taken by. See 
 
 Delfino. 
 
 in relation to the Venetians, 447. 
 Grand Vizier of Turkey in, 481. 
 
 , Venetian Resident with, 
 
 death of, 488. 
 war in, 460, 495, 497, 498, 508, 
 
 613. 
 
 Grim Tartary, Emperor of (" the 
 great Glim Tartar "), his land 
 and sea forces, 450. 
 Crispe : 
 
 Sir Henry, commission to, 4. 
 Nicholas, commission to, 4. 
 Crof tes : 
 
 or Croft, Thomas, factor at 
 Aleppo, letter signed by, 216. 
 
 , oath taken by, 260. 
 
 William, 182. 
 
 Croke, [Richard], Recorder at Ox- 
 ford, as executor for Dr. Wall, 
 443. 
 Cromwell, Oliver, 160, 364. 
 
 " accursed maxim " of, quoted, 
 
 458. 
 
 articles of, with Algiers, 74. 
 , alluded to, 116, 119. 
 body of, disinterred and hanged, 
 
 101. 
 negotiations between the Dutch 
 
 and, alluded to, 455. 
 orders from, alluded to, 318. 
 person employed by, 165. 
 time of, alluded to, 167. 
 veteran soldiers of, 284. 
 the, of Algiers. See Algiers, 
 
 tyrant of. 
 
 Crow, Sir Sackville, formerly am- 
 bassador in Turkey, 133, 146, 
 187, 206, 390, 411, 421. 
 Croydon, Dr., 443. 
 Culleeza, re-delivery of, to India, 
 
 demanded, 439. 
 Culpeper, Sir Thomas, 42. 
 Gunny Island [Bay of Smyrna], 331. 
 Curtis, Captain, 125. 
 Cutler, Mrs. See Portman, Lady. 
 Cyprus, Island of, 169, 425, 477. 
 affairs of Monsieur Foulk in. 
 See Foulk. 
 
 Cyprus cont. 
 
 ill-defended condition of, 288, 
 
 447. 
 English Consul in, alluded to, 
 
 193. 
 
 French in, 176, 258. 
 in relation to the Venetians, 447. 
 officials in (Bassa, Mufti &c.), 
 
 letters to, 193. 
 , request concerning, 263. 
 
 Dabhoi [T] (Dabull) [India], re- 
 covered by the King of Dec- 
 can, 440. 
 Dabisa, Eustacius. See Moldavia, 
 
 Prince of. 
 Dalmatia, 365. 
 
 Venetian fortresses and terri- 
 tories in, 147, 232, 240. 
 
 , designs of the . Turks 
 
 against, 219. 
 Turkish forces to be sent into, 
 
 232. 
 Daman or Damon, Island of,' near 
 
 Bombay, 223, 474. 
 Damascus (Damasco) [Syria], 192, 
 
 282, 330, 345. 
 Bassa and Cadi of, 193 (2). 
 Bassa of, marches towards Bas- 
 
 sora, 497. 
 
 Dandelotte, Monsieur, 30. 
 Danes, the. See Denmark. 
 Dantzig [Germany], 445. 
 Danube, the, Turkish forces cross, 
 
 275. 
 
 Dara Shah (Shaw), brother of 
 Aurungzobe, 152. 
 
 , son of, ibid. 
 
 Darbiquior, Bassa of, his army, 228. 
 Darbyshire, [Thomas] an English 
 
 Jesuit, in Paris, 19. 
 Darcy : 
 
 George, Lord Darcy, Lord 
 
 Chamberlain, 3. 
 John, Lord Darcy, 10. 
 Dardanelles, the Castles of, 516. 
 
 commander or officers" of, 92, 
 
 270, 516. 
 
 Darrell, Sir Robert, 42. 
 Dartford (Dertford) [Kent], muster 
 
 master to repair to. 27. 
 Davies. Philip, factor at Smyrna, 
 169.
 
 548 
 
 Davies cont. 
 
 " sometime " servant of Mr. 
 Langley, attempted murder 
 by, 231. 
 
 Davis, Gyles, letter from, 438. 
 Dawes : 
 
 Jonathan, 123, 125, 127, 227, 
 253. 
 
 , brother of, 123. 
 
 , chancery suit brought 
 
 against, 438. 
 
 , letters from, 437. 
 
 , to, 91, 168, 185. 
 
 -, message or instructions to, 
 
 123, 124, 225. 
 -, nephew of. See Hiett. 
 
 William, member of the Council 
 at Fort St. George, killed, 
 442. 
 Death : 
 
 Adrian, 187, 189, 195, 196. 
 
 , letters signed by, 148. 
 
 169. 
 
 , elected as treasurer to the 
 
 English factory at Smyrna 
 131. 
 
 , to give up post as Treas- 
 urer, 163. 
 
 , supported by Lord Win- 
 chilsea, 203. 
 -, action of the Levant Com- 
 
 pany concerning, 203. 
 Thomas, letters to, 398, 407, 
 
 494. 
 , money to be paid to, 
 
 399. 
 Deccan, the [India], chief city of. 
 
 See Vizapore. 
 forces of the Mogul in, 440, 
 
 450. 
 
 . defeat of, 441. 
 
 , intended for, diverted, 
 
 466. 
 late King of, burial place of, 
 
 334. 
 
 King of , "Edel Shaw," war de- 
 clared against, by the Mogul, 
 
 366. 
 , makes peace with the 
 
 Mogul, 440. 
 -, tribute money sent by, 
 
 ibid. 
 
 -, refused, 441. 
 
 , attacks the Mogul, 
 
 475. 
 , uncle of. See Golconda, 
 
 King of. 
 "Hodgie Burra," Queen of, 334. 
 
 , husband of, ibid. 
 
 . movements of, 449. 
 
 Delfino, Dolfini : 
 
 General, alluded to, 300, 
 
 Delfino cont. 
 
 (Dolfin), Marc Antonio, a Vene- 
 tian nobleman, imprisoned 
 in the Seven Towers, 134. 286, 
 300, 350. 
 
 , letters to, 141, 188, 201, 
 
 331. 
 
 , brothers of, 286. 
 
 , father of. See Delfino, 
 
 General. 
 -, message from Charles II 
 
 concerning, 201, 202. 
 Delhi (Dille) [India], throne of the 
 
 Great Mogul at, 450. 
 Dell, Captain, 52. 
 Demosthenes, alluded to, 329. 
 Denbigh, Earl of. See Feilding. 
 Denham, visit of Queen Elizabeth 
 
 to, 9. 
 
 Denham, Mr., chaplain to the Earl of 
 Winchilsea, wishes to return 
 to England, 259, 327. 
 Denmark : 
 
 ambassador from, to England, 
 102. 
 
 , to France, 415. 
 
 English alliance with, 102, 135, 
 160, 189. 
 
 , war against, alluded to, 
 
 428. 
 
 envoy sent to. See Talbot. 
 peace between England and, 
 
 announced, 479, 483. 
 Denmark, King of : 
 
 [Christian IV], 48. 
 
 , assists the Protestants of 
 
 Germany, 47, 48. 
 -, in the Netherlands, 49. 
 
 [Frederick III], 102, 264. 
 
 , ambassador of, treaty 
 
 with, 117. 
 -, negotiations with, 339. 
 
 Denny, Deny : 
 
 Edward, letter from, 41. 
 
 Mr., 15, 21. 
 
 Mistress, 21. 
 
 Den ton, Mr., chaplain to the Earl of 
 Winchilsea, 358, 362, 371, 372, 
 389. 
 
 his salary, 380. 
 Dering : 
 
 Sir Edward, 86, 216, 253, 479. 
 
 , letters to, 110, 186. 
 
 . , alluded to, 84, 395. 
 
 , as godfather to Dr. Bett's 
 
 children, 415. 
 , in Ireland, 510. 
 -, his family, 479. 
 
 Lady, at Bath, 467, 468 (2). 
 
 , message from, 468. 
 Detti, Deti, Colonel Gioseppe, 345. 
 Jotters from, alluded to, 419.
 
 549 
 
 Detti, Colonel Gioseppe cont. 
 letters to, 213, 217, 233, 240. 
 travels of, 330, 344, 408, 496. 
 De Vere, Aubrey, Earl of Oxford, 
 commands a cavalry regi- 
 ment, 130. 
 De Witt, Jolin, Grand pensionary of 
 Holland : order from, alluded 
 to, 353. 
 
 Diar, Mr. [qy. Edward DyerJ, 18. 
 Dickons, William, factor at Aleppo, 
 
 letter signed by, 216. 
 Dieppe (Diepe, Deepe, Deape), 30, 
 
 33, 59, 60, 75. 
 castle of, 60. 
 
 , governor of. See Longe- 
 
 ville, Duke of. 
 siege of, alluded to, 60. 
 French fleet at, 437. 
 Digby : 
 
 John, 1st Earl of Bristol, 66. 
 
 , his charge against the 
 
 Duke of Buckingham. See 
 Villiers, George. 
 -, petition on behalf of, to 
 
 the House of Commons, 51. 
 , petition of, in the House 
 
 of Peers, alluded to, 51. 
 
 , son of. See Digby, George. 
 
 George, Lord Digby and 2nd 
 
 Earl of Bristol, 107. 
 
 , petition of, 61. 
 
 , going as ambassador to 
 
 Spain, recalled, 120. 
 , proclamation concerning, 
 
 274, 302. 
 , his accusation against the 
 
 Lord Chancellor. See Hyde. 
 , warrant for his arrest, 2 74, 
 
 302. 
 
 , offends the King, is pro- 
 scribed the court, 274, 302, 
 
 303. 
 
 , escape of, 274, 302. 
 
 , said to be in hiding, 274, 
 
 281. 
 
 , his return to the Protes- 
 tant Church, 298, 302, 313. 
 , indicted for recusancy, 
 
 and sent to the Tower. 
 
 302. 
 , tries to make factions, 
 
 313. 
 , letter from, alluded to, 
 
 303. 
 
 Sir Kenelm, in Paris, 61. 
 , visits Dr. Lamb in the 
 
 Tower, 62. 
 -, wife of. See Stanley, 
 
 Lady Venetia. 
 Digges, Sir Dudley, 42. 
 report by, 50. 
 
 Dijon [France], 67, 68. 
 
 churches and convent in or 
 
 near, 64, 68. 
 Dike, Sir Thomas, 109. 
 Dimotika (Dimotochum) [Turkey], 
 
 Grand Signer at, 350. 
 Diodati [John], minister in Geneva, 
 
 70. 
 Diu [India], 223, 440. 
 
 siege of, alluded to, 209, 210. 
 "stones of," 399, 400, 508. 
 Dod, , his farm, 335. 
 Dodson, Mr., tutor to Lord Wincliil- 
 sea's son, to have the use of 
 the vicarage house, 307. 
 wife of, 312. 
 Dogs, 483. 
 
 greyhounds, 15 (2). 
 mastiffs, 15 (2), 110, 124, 254. 
 shacks, 491. 
 spaniels, 15. 
 
 Dol (Dole), Bishop of, 61. 
 Dolben (Dolbens), Dr. John, ap- 
 pointed Bishop of Rochester, 
 443. 
 
 Dordrecht, Dort [Holland], 27, 76. 
 Dorset, Earl of. See Sackville. 
 Dorsetshire, soldiers from, 27. 
 Dover, castle of, to be prepared for 
 the reception of Charles II, 
 80. 
 
 letters dated at, 4, 28. 
 a ship of, 28. 
 
 travellers to or from, 13, 19, 135. 
 Downing, Sir George, English am- 
 bassador in Holland, 128. 
 161. 
 
 discourse written by, 345. 
 letter from, 136. 
 
 to, 172. 
 
 , alluded to, 305. 
 
 Downs, the, ships in, or going to 
 
 and from, 181, 265, 338. 
 Dragomen or druggermen, dis- 
 tinguishing shoes necessary 
 for, 380, 418, 422. 
 Drake (Dracke), Sir Francis, captain 
 
 appointed by, 28. 
 
 Draperiis, Georgio, chief drugger- 
 niaii to the Earl of Winchil- 
 sea, 156, 166, 229, 258, 393, 
 416, 432, 453, 490, 494. 
 letters to, 301. 304, 347, 349, 
 350, 351 (3), 360, 362 (2), 425, 
 428 (3), 432, 458, 521. 
 
 , &c. to and from, noted 
 
 or alluded to, 228, 369, 384. 
 accusations against, 521. 
 escapes imprisonment. 10."). 
 in Adrianople. 261. 301, 370. 
 instructions to, 346, 368, 465. 
 his son, 390.
 
 550 
 
 Driver (Dryver, Dryvet), Francis, 
 factor at Constantinople, 81, 
 171. 
 
 documents signed by, 377. 
 Druses or Dreuisi, the, 192. 
 Dublin, arrival of the Duke of Or- 
 
 mond at, 206. 
 
 castle of, attempt against, 263. 
 Duca Bej, Prince of Moldavia. See 
 
 Moldavia. 
 Dudley : 
 
 John, Duke of Northumberland, 
 
 2. 
 Robert, Earl of Leicester, 6, 14. 
 
 , letters from, 11 (2), 27. 
 
 , in the Netherlands, 27. 
 
 , intercedes for the Duke 
 
 of Norfolk, 9. 
 
 , as lieutenant general, com- 
 mission and warrant from, 
 27. 
 
 , cousin of. See Haddon, 
 
 Dr. Walter. 
 Duke, "Master," 1. 
 Dunch, Mr., money brought by, from 
 
 Berkshire, 9. 
 Dungarvan : 
 
 Lord. See Boyle, Charles. 
 Lady Jane, 153. 
 
 , birth of her daughter, 187. 
 
 Dunkirk (Dunkerke), 49, 135, 140. 
 sold to the King of France, 221, 
 
 277, 281. 
 Duplessis, Charles, a Frenchman, 
 
 113, 114. 
 
 Dupon, one, at Geneva, 72. 
 Durach Bey, an officer of the Bassa 
 
 of Morea, 201. 
 Durazzo : 
 
 the Marquis Giovanni Luca, 358, 
 402. 
 
 , letter from, 520. 
 
 , to, 465. 
 
 , his mission to Turkey, 394, 
 
 465. 
 
 , his late mission to Eng- 
 land, alluded to, 358. 
 
 , as Genoese ambassador at 
 
 Rome.. 519, 520. 
 -, brother of. See Durazzo, 
 
 Giovanni Agostino. 
 Cavaliere Giovanni Agostino, 
 
 recommendation of, 358. 
 
 , letters from, 519, 520. 
 
 to, 520. 
 
 -, visit to, 519, 520 (2). 
 
 Durbain, , a Frenchman, 67. 
 Diisseldorf (Dusseldorpe) [Germany], 
 
 76. 
 Dutch, the, 135, 202, 418, 420, 429, 
 
 434, 456, 474, 475, 484, 508. 
 at Adrianople, 362. 
 
 Dutch, the con*. 
 
 at Aleppo. See Aleppo, 
 at Constantinople, 169. 
 in the East, or East Indies, 129, 
 
 136, 323-4, 440, 450, 466, 474, 
 475, 477, 506. 
 
 at Gombroon, 439, 440. 
 
 , " comandore " for. See 
 
 Wicke, van. 
 on the coast of Guinea. See 
 
 Guinea. 
 
 in India. See India, 
 in the Mediterranean, 181, 213. 
 in New England, 339. 
 in Persia, 439, 476. 
 at Smyrna. See Smyrna, 
 in the South Seas, 151. 
 terms of peace concluded with 
 
 in 1662, alluded to, 189, 479. 
 in relation to England, 135, 
 
 137, 205, 370, 388, 406. 
 English ships destroyed by. 
 
 See Chatham, 
 their negotiations with the 
 
 Great Mogul, 223. 
 fleet equipped by, 277. 
 in relation to the Emperor, 
 
 304. 
 defeat and losses of, 352, 387, 
 
 419, 426, 427, 435, 449, 483, 
 
 506. 
 
 places injured by, 355. 
 letters of reprisal granted upon, 
 
 363. 
 previous victory over, alluded 
 
 to, 371. 
 English victory over, alluded to, 
 
 375, 387-389, 392, 395-398, 
 
 435, 439, 474, 475. 
 , narrative of, alluded to, 
 
 432. 
 and the Prince of Orange, 
 
 388. 
 " supposed victory " of, alluded 
 
 to, 431. 
 " straitened by their allies," 
 
 455. 
 in relation to Charles II, and 
 
 De Witt, 456. 
 embassy sent by, 474. 
 " the French apes," 485. 
 Dutch : 
 
 agents, iu Persia. See Persia, 
 commanders, 360. 
 consul at Smyrna. See Smyrna, 
 devices, in regard to trade, 93. 
 fleet, movements of, 303, 338, 
 
 353, 354, 395. 396, 435, 437, 
 
 474. 
 influence at the Turkish court, 
 
 423. 
 language, sermons in, 70.
 
 551 
 
 Dutch cont. 
 
 merchants or merchandise, 93, 
 
 372. 
 
 , in Aleppo, 165, 199. 
 
 merchant vessels, loss of, 307, 
 
 330. 
 
 nation, the, 262, 301. 
 sailors, 500. 
 seaman, turns Turk to save his 
 
 life, 345. 
 ships, 144, 228, 256, 266, 350, 
 
 360, 429, 439, 449. 
 , surprised by corsairs, 262, 
 
 272, 275. 
 
 triumphs, Latin distiches con- 
 cerning, 431. 
 war-ships, fire at an English 
 
 vessel, 360. 
 Dutchman, a renegade, 480. 
 
 vessel declared to be a, 475. 
 
 Eagle, the spread, banners em- 
 blazoned with, 386. 
 Easter, 304, 305. 
 
 Feast of, good wishes for, 188 
 (2). 
 
 preparations for, 245, 249. 
 East India Company, the, 124, 125, 
 129, 151, 306, 366, 507. 
 
 agent sent out by. See Foxcrof t. 
 
 , at Gombrone. See 
 
 Flower. 
 
 Bombay given to, 508. 
 
 claims of, 161. 
 
 customs or dues of, 162. 
 
 damage done to, by the Dutch, 
 243, 272, 273, 313. 
 
 factor of, at Balasor, 440, 441. 
 
 fort and town of. See Fort St. 
 George. 
 
 free trade for one year granted 
 to, 366. 
 
 house of, at Surat, 313, 366. 
 
 petition against, preferred to 
 the House of Lords, 505. 
 
 privileges of, 330, 440. 
 
 [French], affairs of, alluded 
 
 to, 439. 
 
 East India fleet (Dutch). See Hol- 
 land. 
 
 East Peckham, [Sir Roger Twisden's 
 house,] 39. 
 
 letters dated at, 409, 510. 
 Eastry, Kent, resident at, 29. 
 
 Eastwell (Estwell), Kent, residence 
 
 of the Finch family, 33, 39, 
 
 43, 124, 269, 291, 292, 335, 
 
 342, 419, 482, 510. 
 burial at, 465. 
 letter addressed to, 33. 
 
 , dated at, 24, 28 (2), 44. 
 
 library at, 186. 
 
 park at, instructions concerning, 
 
 217, 234, 307, 312, 321, 395, 
 
 469. 
 
 , report concerning, 419. 
 
 traveller dies from plague at, 
 
 398. 
 visits to, alluded to, 401, 419, 
 
 521. 
 Edmondes, Sir Thomas, Treasurer of 
 
 the Household (Mr. Treasurer), 
 
 45. 
 Edremid (Edremita) [Turkey-in- 
 
 Asia], 270. 
 Edwards : 
 
 Charles, factor at Smyrna, 
 
 169. 
 
 , letter signed by, 148. 
 
 , oath not taken by, 371. 
 
 Daniel, letter from, alluded to, 
 
 316. 
 Joseph, factor at Smyrna, 104, 
 
 169, 231, 329. 
 
 , letters from, 109, 405. 
 
 , , signed by, 148. 
 
 Mr., counsel, 41. 
 
 Mr., a Smyrna merchant, suit 
 
 between Mr. Masters and, 235, 
 
 236. 
 , his demand for consulage, 
 
 239. 
 
 Egypt, arab horses in, 242. 
 Beys of, mutiny of, 233. 
 
 , Bassa imprisoned by, ibid. 
 
 English in, oppressed condition 
 
 of, 162. 
 
 mummy from See Cairo. 
 Ottoman control in, 118. 
 Egyptian (Agyptian) : 
 
 Kings, treasury of, at Cairo, 
 
 gold vessel found in, alluded 
 
 to, 451. 
 balsam, 451. 
 deserts, eagle's stone from, 225, 
 
 251. 
 Elbo3uf, Duke d', son of. See 
 
 Harcourt. Prince. 
 Eliasco Voda. See Moldavia, Prince 
 
 of. 
 Elizabeth, Queen. Casual notices 
 
 passim, 6-74. 
 commissions from, 34. 
 
 , , alluded to, 29. 
 
 , , for purchases in 
 
 Paris, 17.
 
 552 
 
 Elizabeth, Queen cont. 
 
 Court, of 7, 21. 
 
 , letter dated from, 22. 
 
 days of, alluded to, 319, 320, 
 401. 
 
 favour or kindness of, 11. 
 
 forces levied for defence of, 27. 
 
 information required by, 9. 
 
 sent to, by the Duke of 
 
 Alva, 9. 
 
 intercession with, 8, 9 (2). 
 
 jewel sent to, by Sir Thomas 
 Heneage, 24. 
 
 lameness of, 9. 
 
 letter of, 34. 
 
 to, alluded to, 401. 
 
 matters to be imparted to, 7, 14. 
 
 movements or progresses of, 6, 
 9, 10, 11, 26. 
 
 orders of, alluded to, 8. 
 
 privy chamber of, 26. 
 
 reign of, grant procured in, 381. 
 
 , charter granted in, al- 
 luded to, 391. 
 
 in relation to the Earl and 
 Countess of Bedford, 23. 
 
 payments from the Ex- 
 chequer, 10. 
 
 Sir Thomas Heneage, 10, 
 
 17, 22, 24, 25. 
 
 report of money paid to, alluded 
 to, 413, 414. 
 
 sends token to Sir Thomas 
 Heneage, 25. 
 
 suit granted by, 11. 
 
 Treasurer of the Chamber to. 
 See Heneage, Sir Thomas. 
 
 wishes of, concerning assess- 
 ments, 29. 
 
 The Earl of Sussex defended to, 
 
 7. 
 
 Elrington, Mr., 40. 
 Ely: 
 
 Bishop of. See Goodrich. 
 
 Isle of, " great drains of," 392. 
 Emperor, the, [Leopold I], 114, 126, 
 142, 147, 178, 197, 221, 225, 
 242, 368, 447, 448, 495. 
 
 alluded to, in relation to Venice, 
 122. 
 
 ambassadors from, to England, 
 304, 485. 
 
 - , (Resident) in Turkey. See 
 Reninghen. 
 
 , extraordinary from, to 
 
 Turkey. See Lesley, Count. 
 
 appointment conferred by, allu- 
 ded to, 158. 
 
 his army, recruiting of, alluded 
 to, 457. 
 
 , in Transylvania. See 
 
 Transylvania. 
 
 Emperor, the cont. 
 
 assistance expected from, 117, 
 
 354, 513. 
 
 Council of, 177, 211. 
 fort erected by, alluded to, 
 
 196. 
 
 frontiers of, fortified, 219. 
 gentleman of the bed-chamber 
 
 to. See Lesley, Count, 
 interests of, in Alsatia, 211. 
 letters to, 220, 244, 401. 
 levies for, in Holland, 304. 
 marriage for, projected, with 
 
 the Infanta of Spain, 354. 
 his marriage, congratulations 
 
 upon, 457. 
 his ministers, respect shown to, 
 
 350. 
 
 nuncio from, expected, 1 30. 
 portrait of, 244, 386. 
 presents from or to, 124, 225, 
 
 244, 254, 386. 
 in relation to the Empress, 427, 
 
 444. 
 religious liberty not allowed by, 
 
 282. 
 
 title given to. in Turkey, 127. 
 war of, with Turkey. See 
 
 Turkey, 
 supposed to abet Chimianus, 
 
 106. 
 likely to be hindered by the 
 
 Swedes, 119. 
 stands as godfather to Lord 
 
 Winchilsea's infant son, 220, 
 
 222, 242, 244. 
 his neglect of Charles II, in his 
 
 exile, 296. 
 
 victory of, at St. Gothard, 341. 
 state entry of, into Vienna, 
 
 444. 
 in relation to France. See 
 
 France. 
 
 Turkey. See Turkey. 
 
 Emperor, a former [Maximilian II], 
 at Spires, 11. 
 [Ferdinand II] in relation 
 
 to the Thirty Years' war, 
 
 49. 
 
 Empoli [Italy], 75. 
 Empress, the : 
 
 brother of. See Spain, King of 
 
 [Charles II]. 
 
 Emperor goes to meet, 444. 
 movements of, 421, 427, 444. 
 England, casual notices of, passim. 
 ambassadors, envoys, &c. from: 
 
 , at Breda, 476. 
 
 , to the Hague. See 
 
 Downing, Sir George. 
 , to Florence. See Finch, 
 
 Sir John.
 
 553 
 
 England, ambassadors, envoys, &c. 
 from cont. 
 
 , to France. See Norris, 
 
 Sir Henry ; Sackville, Lorcl 
 Buckhurst ; Holies, Lord ; 
 Jermyn, Henry, Earl of St. 
 Albans ; Trevor, John. 
 -, to Spain. See Montagu, 
 
 Earl of Sandwich ; Fanshaw, 
 
 Sir Richard. 
 
 , to Portugal. See Fan- 
 shaw, Sir Richard 
 , to Russia. See Howard, 
 
 Earl of Carlisle. 
 , to Turkey. See Barton ; 
 
 Roe ; Bendyshe ; Finch, Lord 
 
 Winchilsea; Harvey, 
 ambassadors &c., to : 
 
 , from the Emperor, 304, 
 
 485. 
 -, from France, 13, 198, 388, 
 
 485 
 ,'from Holland, 129, 135, 
 
 492. 
 , from Portugal, 119, 133, 
 
 136. 
 , from Spain, 388, 485. See 
 
 also Batteville, Baron de. 
 
 , from Russia, 264, 489. 
 
 , from Venice, 134. 
 
 , from Genoa. <SeeDurazzo, 
 
 Marquis. 
 
 " ancient capitulations " be- 
 tween Algiers and, alluded to, 
 
 101. 
 
 changes in, alluded to. 490. 
 Church of, 85, 212, 315, 362, 
 
 382, 
 , ceremonies and festivals 
 
 of, 315, 380. 
 , doctrines of, 322, 333, 
 
 334. 
 . " schisms and factions 
 
 in," 321. 
 civil war in, the late, alluded to, 
 
 108, 471. 
 crown of, 140, 154, 160, 280, 291, 
 
 292. 
 designs against, 428. 
 
 , alluded to, 300. 
 
 disturbances in, 108, 294-5, 
 
 297-8, 305. 
 
 foreign wars of, alluded to, 434. 
 future greatness of, prophesied, 
 
 99. 
 heresy and schism extirpated 
 
 from, 315. 
 joy in, at the restoration of 
 
 Charles II, 78, 79. 
 at the victor v over the 
 
 Dutch, 376. 
 King of. See Charles II. 
 
 England cont. 
 
 naval preparations in, 336, 338, 
 
 339, 352, 436. 
 
 news from, 94, 141, 281, 426. 
 north of, colts and mares to be 
 
 got from, 321. 
 
 , rebellion in (1569), 7. 
 
 plague (" contagion ") in, 398, 
 
 416. See also London, 
 political distractions in, 231. 
 Queen of. See Catherine. 
 Queen Mother of. See Henrietta 
 
 Maria. 
 
 Queen Regent of France in, 66. 
 reported future ambassador for. 
 
 See Lesley, Count, 
 scarcity of money in, 298. 
 ships to and from, passim. 
 King of Sweden's relations 
 
 with. See Sweden. 
 " threatening storms of war " 
 
 in, 396. 
 
 tranquillity in, 116. 
 travellers to and from, passim. 
 Turkish horses for, difficulty of 
 
 obtaining, 134. 
 unsettled condition of, alluded 
 
 to, 474. 
 war between France and (1557), 
 
 3,4. 
 conclusion of peace with France 
 
 (1577), alluded to, 22. 
 treaty for match with Spain, 
 
 breach of, alluded to, 46, 
 
 47. 
 and the match with Portugal, 
 
 83, 94, 107, 120, 128, 135, 
 
 147. 
 
 negotiations and treaties be- 
 tween Portugal and, 84, 85, 
 
 86, 99, 102, 117, 119, 136, 
 
 158. 
 in relation to Spain, 90, 157, 
 
 189. And see Spain, chances 
 
 of war between England and. 
 and France, 204, 354, 388, 406, 
 
 418, 425, 478, 504. And see 
 
 France. 
 
 affront to, from Portugal, al- 
 luded to, 244. 
 chances of war between Franco 
 
 and, 388, 389, 410. 
 war between Franco and, 408, 
 
 412, 414, 415. 
 
 , alluded to, 428, 478, 479. 
 
 peace between France and, 
 
 hoped for, 418. 493. 
 -, announced. 479. 483. 
 
 rumour of peace between France, 
 
 Holland and, 425. 
 war between Holland ami. See 
 
 Holland. See Dutch, the.
 
 554 
 
 England cont. 
 
 treaties and negotiations of, 
 
 with Sweden. See Sweden. 
 
 See Triple Alliance, 
 peace between the Dutch, 
 
 French, Danes and, 479, 480, 
 
 482, 483. 
 at peace with all the world, 480, 
 
 482. 
 English, the : 
 
 in India. See India. 
 
 at Aleppo. See Aleppo. 
 
 in relation to the Irish, 256. 
 
 in Jamaica, 306. 
 
 as allies of the Portuguese, 129, 
 
 263, 265, 283, 284. 
 rumoured depredations by, in 
 
 the Red Sea, 233. 
 at Smyrna. See Smyrna. 
 in Turkey. See under Turkey, 
 
 Constantinople &c. 
 wrongs suffered by, from the 
 
 Dutch, 339, 352. 
 English : 
 
 army or forces. See Army, 
 affairs in Barbary, alluded to, 
 
 267. 
 
 in Portugal, 1 54. 
 
 banner, the, protection of, 420, 
 
 421, 427. 
 bishops, testimonials from, 
 
 advisable in the election of 
 
 chaplains abroad, 327. 
 Channel, the, 136, 338, 353, 479, 
 
 503. 
 
 colours, 483. 
 , ship sailing under, 355, 
 
 491, 500. 
 consuls, abroad. See Aleppo ; 
 
 Algiers ; Smyrna ; Tunis. 
 Court, the, 94, 101, 133, 277, 
 
 333, 484, 485, 486, 495, 502. 
 
 (of James I), 35. 
 
 , foreign ambassadors at, 
 
 485. 
 , in relation to the plague, 
 
 394, 395, 398. 
 , in relation to Paul Rycaut, 
 
 437, 438. 
 
 Courts of law, 314. 
 factories in Turkey . See Con- 
 stantinople ; Pera and Galata ; 
 
 Aleppo ; Smyrna, 
 fleet. See Fleet, 
 language, the, 80, 138, 245, 
 
 284, 477. 
 mariners, taken prisoners, 201, 
 
 254. 
 merchandise and merchant 
 
 vessels, 264, 311, 353, 363, 
 
 370, 474. 
 navy. See Navy. 
 
 English cont. 
 
 privileges taken away, 429. 
 ships, commandeered by the 
 Turks, 179, 485, 494-496, 498. 
 
 , to carry passports, 276- 
 
 278. 
 
 , to be equipped, 492. 
 
 , loss of, 413, 419, 476. 
 
 -, taken or plundered by 
 
 pirates, 108, 135, 196, 202. 
 squadron, 325. 
 trade, 149. 
 
 , abroad, 201, 262, 267, 
 
 278, 291, 304, 440. 
 Englishmen, courage of, 396. 
 slaves in Turkey, 227. 
 
 , redemption of, 256. 
 
 Ephesus, 491. 
 
 Erith (Eryth), letter dated at, 1. 
 
 Erlisman, John, appointed consul 
 
 at Tunis, 241, 255. 
 barat for, mentioned, 214, 
 
 240. 
 in relation to the ratifications of 
 
 the peace treaty, 276. 
 Erzerum (Azeroone, Erziram) [Turk- 
 ish Armenia], 496. 
 Emyn of, a regenade Dutchman, 
 
 480. 
 
 Essex, sickness in, 10. 
 Essex, Countess of, 26. 
 
 daughter of. See Perrot, Lady 
 
 Dorothy. 
 Esthall Close, 36. 
 Ethnick Temple. See Temple. 
 Ettoman Doulatt, Grand Vizier of 
 
 Persia, banishment of, 124. 
 Eu [Normandy], 75. 
 Euboea or Negropont, Island of, 
 
 Vizier going to, 430. 
 Euphrates, the river, 272, 416. 
 Europe, 85, 126, 268, 273, 460, 
 
 464, 466. 
 
 courts of, 126, 485. 
 Princes of, 211, 231, 291, 294. 
 Europeans, in the Turkish army, 
 
 460. 
 Evans, Captain John, 371. . 
 
 has been plotting to defraud the 
 
 Levant Company, 367. 
 Eversen [Jan], Admiral of Zeeland, 
 
 his ship reported sunk, 427. 
 Evian [Chablais, France], 72. 
 Evora or Ebora [Portugal], taken by 
 
 the Spaniards, 263. 
 retaken by the Portuguese, 284. 
 Exchequer, Chancellor of the, office 
 of, grant of to be prepared, 
 117. 
 
 Chancellors of the. See Coven- 
 try, Sir Thomas ; Hyde, 
 Edward, Earl of Clarendon.
 
 555 
 
 Exchequer con/. 
 
 Court of, 74. 
 
 repayment from, hoped for, 
 
 317, 318. 
 Exeter, letter dated at, 23. 
 
 Faonza [Italy], 76. 
 
 Fagg, John, 42. 
 
 Fairbeard, Robert, petition of, 74. 
 
 Fanatics (Phanatiks), plot of, 
 
 frustrated, 101. 
 Fano [Italy], 76. 
 
 Fanshaw, Sir Kichard, envoy ex- 
 traordinary to Portugal, 161, 
 284. 
 to be ambassador for Spain, 
 
 284, 303. 
 Farley, , servant to the Agent at 
 
 Fort St. George, 441. 
 Farnham (Farnam): 
 John, 17, 18. 
 Mr., 7. 
 
 Farrington, Thomas, factor at 
 Smyrna, letters signed by, 
 148, 169. 
 
 insubordination of, 205, 220. 
 sent to Constantinople, 214. 
 Fastolfe, Captain, attempted murder 
 
 of, 231. 
 
 Feilding, Basil, Lord Feilding (after- 
 wards Earl of Denbigh), as 
 ambassador to Venice, 111. 
 Fell, Dr. John, Dean of Christ- 
 Church, Vice-Chancellor of 
 the University of Oxford, 
 409, 433. 
 thoroughness of his system, 
 
 443, 444. 
 Fenton, Mr., 25. 
 Ferrara [Italy], 75. 
 Feversham, case of the corporation 
 
 of, 4. 
 
 Fifeild, Mr., 216. 
 
 Fifth Monarchy men, designs of, 299. 
 Filmer, Sir Edward, captain of 
 
 trained band, 43. 
 Finch, Fynche : 
 
 Heneage, Earl of VVinchilsea : 
 casual notices, passim. 
 
 , letters to and from, 
 
 passim. 
 
 , agreement of, with the 
 
 Levant Company, alluded to, 
 343. 
 , , articles of, 80. 
 
 Finch, Heneage, Earl of WinchUsea 
 cont. 
 
 , chaplains to. See Den- 
 ham ; Denton. 
 
 cipher used by, 80. 
 
 endorsed by, 253. 
 
 his country houses (in 
 Turkey), 448. 
 
 credentials of, 80. 
 
 his chief dragoman. See 
 
 Draperiis. 
 , his estates in England, 
 234, 251, 287, 288, 293, 312, 
 321, 342, 392, 419. 
 
 instructions con- 
 
 cerning, 104, 109, 234, 244, 
 255, 259, 320, 321, 335, 392, 
 419, 469. 
 
 , commissioners of, 
 
 484. 
 , , , letters to, 217, 
 
 234, 268, 307, 312, 320, 392, 
 
 395, 398. 
 , , , letters or 
 
 orders to, alluded to, 255, 464. 
 new steward for, 
 
 qualification &c., necessary 
 for, 312. 
 
 , huntsman for, 336, 348. 
 
 -, instructions to, on his 
 
 appointment as ambassador 
 to the Porte, 81. 
 , loyal address from, 78, 79. 
 , newsletters or " intelli- 
 gence " forwarded by, 150, 
 219, 228, 253,309,430, 488,521. 
 -, passes for, 58, 59, 75, 519 
 
 (3). 
 
 -, Ms predecessor at Con- 
 stantinople. See Bendyshe. 
 , presents to, 209, 212, 236, 
 254, 336, 362, 376, 406, 521. 
 
 -, Secretaries of. See Isaac- 
 
 son ; Newman ; Rycaut. 
 , his successor as ambassa- 
 dor in Turkey. See Harvey, 
 
 Sir Daniel. 
 -, lu's travelling 
 
 coaches, 
 
 horses &c., 447. 
 , warrants of, alluded to, 
 176, 194(2), 237. 
 
 , , requested. 289. 
 
 -, wife of. See Wiiichilsoa, 
 
 Countess of. 
 , children of, 124. 251, 
 291, 292, 342, 364. 379, 401, 
 457, 459, 470, 473, 482. 485, 
 514 ; and see Finch, William, 
 (Lord Maidstone), Honeage, 
 Thomas, Charles Mark. Leo- 
 pold William. Lesley ; Ladies 
 Frances, Betty and Mary.
 
 556 
 
 Finch, Heneage, Earl of Winchilsea 
 cont. 
 
 , his sons, 184, 610 (2). 
 
 , , their education, 307, 
 
 473. 
 
 , infant son of, death of, 308. 
 
 -, sister of. See Southamp- 
 
 ton, Countess of. 
 , sister-in-law of. 
 
 See 
 
 Seymour, Lady Jane. 
 -, brothers(-in-law) of. See 
 
 Wriothesley, Earl of South- 
 ampton ; Toke. 
 
 , cousins of. See Finch. Sir 
 
 Heneage (2) ; Finch, Sir John. 
 
 , his family, pass for, 519. 
 
 , servants or stewards of, 
 
 149 ; and see Bargrave, Hall, 
 Knevet, Martin. 
 
 , account of his travels 
 
 abroad, 75, 76. 
 
 , appointed English Am- 
 bassador at the Porte, 80, 89. 
 
 , in Portugal, 85, 86. 
 
 . at Algiers, 87, 88, 100. 
 
 , his arrival at Smyrna, 91. 
 
 , desires increased allow- 
 ances, 94, 98, 103, 111, 123- 
 125, 157, 158, 181, 251. 
 
 , relation of his passage 
 
 from Smyrna to Constanti- 
 nople &c., 97. 
 
 , , alluded to, 96. 
 
 , order of the Garter 
 
 desired by. See Garter. 
 -, his reception in Constan- 
 
 tinople, 116, 118. 
 
 -, alluded to, 100. 
 
 , complains of lack of news 
 and support from England, 
 124, 127, 131, 139, 145, 150, 
 152, 168. 
 -, and the Levant Company, 
 
 132, 159, 171, 175, 200, 203, 
 225, 227, 235, 236. 249, 250, 
 308, 333, 359. 389 et seq., 
 417, 421-3, 434, 454. 
 
 , , in relation to his 
 
 salary &c. See Levant Com- 
 pany. 
 
 , loyalty of, 138, 470. 
 
 to the Church of 
 
 England, 147, 148, 380. 
 , goes to Constantinople, 
 156. 
 -. proceedings of, in relation 
 
 to the Smyrna factory, ob- 
 jected to. 187. 
 
 , , supported, 188. 
 
 , as Lord Lieutenant of 
 
 Kent, desires to have his 
 commission renewed, 207. 
 
 Finch, Heneage, Earl of Winchilsea 
 cont. 
 
 in relation to the disposal of 
 
 consulates, 240, 241, 255. 
 , as Protector of Jerusalem, 
 
 247. 
 , illness of, 204 (2), 207, 
 
 324, 326, 410. 
 , his powers and credit with 
 
 the Turks, 252, 459. 
 , sole Christian ambassador 
 
 at Constantinople, 292. 
 , decides to stay longer in 
 
 Turkey, 342, 343. 
 , in relation to Dr. Pickering 
 
 and John Broadgate, 390. 
 , wishes to go to England, 
 
 401, 434, 436, 443-446, 459. 
 -, intercedes for the French 
 
 ambassador, 407. 
 -, embassy of, trials con- 
 
 nected with, 470, 473, 518. 
 -, requested to act as 
 
 Commissioner, 434, 438. 
 , movements, or proposed 
 
 movements of, 464, 473, 486, 
 
 508 (2), 514, 515, 518, 519; 
 
 and see Adrianople. 
 , wishes to return the 
 
 civilities of the Dutch, 488. 
 
 , his revocation, 492. 
 
 -, alluded to, 490, 499, 
 
 502 (2), 513. 
 , his plans and prospects, 
 497, 518. 
 -, command to, to surrender 
 
 his seal (as ambassador) to his 
 successor, 511. 
 
 , close of his embassy, al- 
 luded to, 516, 517. 
 -, is leaving purgatory for 
 
 paradise, 518. 
 Betty [daughter of Sir Heneage 
 
 (2)]. at Bath, 467 (2). 
 Lady Betty [daughter of the 
 
 Earl of Winchilsea], death of, 
 
 291. 
 Charles, Colonel, 78, 79. 
 
 , letter to, 308. 
 
 , , noted, 86. 
 
 , post obtained for, 308. 
 
 , suggested as governor for 
 
 Tangier, 85. 
 Charles [son of Sir Honeage], 
 
 468. 
 Charles Mark [son of the Earl 
 
 of Winchilsea], birth and 
 
 christening of, 156, 157, 171 ? 
 
 180, 205, 265. 
 , god-parents of. See 
 
 Charles II ; Venice, Prince of ; 
 
 Somerset, Duchess of.
 
 557 
 
 Finch cont. 
 
 Daniel, afterwards 2nd Earl of 
 Nottingham [eldest son of 
 Sir Heneage Finch (2)], 
 birthday of, 469. 
 
 , his dancing- master, 
 
 244. 
 
 , health of, 401, 403, 404, 
 
 414, 445. 
 
 , letter from, alluded to, 
 
 237. 
 
 , letters to, 208, 211, 216, 
 
 217, 229, 236, 244, 249, 286, 
 326, 394, 401, 403 (2), 404, 
 408, 414, 415, 431, 433, 443- 
 445, 457, 467, 469, 478, 479, 
 490, 492, 493, 495, 500, 509. 
 -, alluded to, 237. 
 
 , movements of, 208, 433, 
 478, 479, 495, 510. 
 , tutor of. See Woodruff e. 
 -, liis brothers and sisters, 
 
 209, 212, 216, 230, 326, 395, 
 
 403, 408, 409, 445, 467. 
 , uncle of. See Sir John 
 
 Finch. See Harvey. 
 , servant of [Pickering], 
 
 467. 
 Elizabeth, wife of Sir Moyle 
 
 (daughter of Sir Thomas 
 
 Heneage), 24, 33. 
 , letter from, 28. 
 
 , to, 33, 42. 
 
 , message to, 34. 
 
 , postscripts by, 29, 41. 
 
 , her kindness to Lady 
 
 Ralegh, 33. 
 -, as Viscountess Maidstone, 
 
 43. 
 
 Lady Elizabeth [wife of Sir 
 
 Heneage (2)], 209, 216, 230, 
 
 236, 237, 244, 395, 408, 414, 
 
 457, 478, 479, 510. 
 , letters from, 404, 467, 
 
 468 (2). 
 
 , health of. 431, 495. 
 
 . messages to and from, 364, 
 
 402, 418, 433, 509, 512. 
 
 , present to, 225, 251. 
 
 , servant of, 468. 
 
 , as godmother to Dr. 
 
 Bett's children, 415. 
 F., 59. 
 Lady Frances [eldest daughter 
 
 of the Earl of Winchilsea], 
 
 251, 379. 
 , her future marriage and 
 
 marriage portion, 445, 459, 
 
 469, 471 (2), 484, 487. 
 Heneage or Sir Heneago ( 1 ) [son 
 
 of Sir Moyle]. letters from, 39, 
 
 43. 
 
 Finch, Heneago cont. 
 
 , letter to, 41. 
 
 , made Speaker, 43. 
 
 , notes by, of proceedings 
 
 in parliament, 43 et seq. 
 
 Sir Heneage (2), Solicitor- 
 General [afterwards 1st 
 Earl of Nottingham], 94, 100, 
 124, 137, 149, 152, 155, 170, 
 185, 253, 256, 287, 290, 291, 
 312, 314, 324, 333, 356, 411, 
 433, 436, 465, 468. 
 
 , letters from, 208, 211, 216, 
 
 217, 229, 236, 244, 249, 286, 
 326, 394, 401, 403, 408, 409, 
 414, 415, 431, 433, 445, 455, 
 457, 467, 469, 478, 479, 490, 
 
 492, 493, 495, 500, 509. 
 
 -, letters to, 86, 90, 97, 100 
 
 (2), 103, 111, 123, 126, 127, 
 135, 140, 145, 168, 171, 175, 
 177, 178, 186, 203, 207, 225, 
 227, 230, 233, 235, 241, 250, 
 255, 259, 308, 321, 324, 340, 
 342, 364, 378, 393, 400, 418, 
 421, 423, 462, 467, 468 (2), 
 471, 510, 511. 
 
 -, alluded to, 208, 343. 
 
 378. 
 
 -, copy of, 424. 
 
 , advice of, asked for, 227, 
 333, 364, 461, 464, 487. 
 , chaplain recommended by, 
 362. 
 -, chief clerk to. See Han- 
 
 nis, John. 
 , eloquence of, 168. 
 
 -, his great employments, 
 
 287. 
 
 , in relation to the Levant 
 Company, 309, 454. 
 , illness of, alluded to, 
 324. 
 
 , his portrait painted, 433. 
 , his connexion with Sir 
 Daniel Harvey, 514. 
 , his wife and family, 394, 
 457, 467, 468. 
 
 , brother of. See Finch, 
 Sir John. 
 -, brother-in-law of. See 
 
 Doring, Sir Edward. 
 -, eldest son of. See Finch, 
 
 Daniel. 
 -, his former tutor. See 
 
 Busby, Dr. 
 Heneage [son of Heneage. Earl 
 
 of Winchilsea], 364, 419. 
 , to be sent to school, 251, 
 
 313. 
 -, sent to Chelsea (Chelsy) 
 
 College, 364.
 
 558 
 
 Finch cont. 
 
 Heneage [second son of Sir 
 Heneage (2)], afterwards Lord 
 Guernsey and Earl of Ayles- 
 ford, 395, 433, 467, 500. 
 -, letters from, 403, 443, 
 
 444. 
 
 -, alluded to, 478. 
 
 , goes to the Netherlands, 
 
 457, 479. 
 Henry, serjeant-at-law, brother 
 
 of Sir Moyle, 41. 
 John, Lord Finch of Fordwich, 
 
 death of, alluded to, 110, 
 
 184. 
 (as the late), commands of, 
 
 alluded to, 248. 
 Lady, widow of the above, 
 
 letter to, 184. 
 , in relation to Moate Park, 
 
 184, 186, 248. 
 John [son of Sir Moyle], letter 
 
 from, 40. 
 Sir John [brother of Sir Heneage 
 
 (2)], 146, 265, 230, 324, 395, 
 
 398, 399, 403, 404, 407, 413, 
 
 433, 442, 478, 479. 
 , letters to, 247, 252, 260, 
 
 309, 400, 406, 412, 416, 418, 
 
 424, 430, 442, 445-447, 451, 
 
 455, 459, 460, 464, 473, 517, 
 
 518. 
 
 , appointment for, 369, 379. 
 
 , cipher between Lord 
 
 Winchilsea and, 253. 
 , his correspondence with 
 
 Lord Winchilsea, alluded to, 
 
 395. 
 , high opinion held of, 423, 
 
 424. 
 , indisposition of, alluded 
 
 to, 467. 
 
 , journal of, 59. 
 
 , letters from, alluded to, 
 
 251, 308, 414, 471, 483. 
 
 -, lack of, complained 
 
 of, 239, 247, 251. 
 
 , , missing, 434. 
 
 -, messages to, 260, 
 
 394, 
 
 395, 403, 404, 444, 500. 
 , movements of, 59 et seq., 
 
 67, 68, 212, 218, 239, 423, 
 
 457. 
 
 , presents to, 451. 
 
 , in relation to the English 
 
 embassy in Turkey, 253, 309. 
 John [son of Sir Heneace (2)], 
 
 at Bath, 467 (2), 468. 
 Katherine, Lady [wife of Sir 
 
 Thomas], letters from, 6, 24. 
 , second husband of. See 
 
 St. Leger, Nicholas. 
 
 Finch cont. 
 
 Leopold William [son of the 
 Earl of Winchilsea], 254, 349, 
 386, 401. 
 
 , birth and christening of, 
 
 220, 222, 225, 242. 
 
 , medal sent for, 244. 
 
 1-parents to. See 
 
 Emperor, the (Leopold I), 
 and Holland, States of. 
 
 Lesley [son of the Earl of Win- 
 chilsea], 432, 457. 
 
 Lady Mary [daughter of the Earl 
 of Winchilsea], 131. 
 
 , death of, 139, 140, 141, 
 
 143, 144, 150, 156, 265. 
 
 -, alluded to, 518. 
 
 , her funeral, directions con- 
 cerning, 465. 
 
 Moyle, afterwards Sir Moyle, 
 letters from, 28, 41. 
 
 , letters to, 6, 24 (2), 26- 
 
 28, 33, 35 (2), 38-42. 
 
 , commission from, 27. 
 
 -, "fee deer" claimed by, 
 
 41. 
 
 , message from, 28. 
 , appointed colonel of a 
 foot regiment, 27. 
 -, as Sheriff of Kent, com- 
 
 mission to, 34. 
 
 (as treasurer at wars), 
 
 warrants for, or addressed to, 
 
 27. 
 Sir Thomas : 
 
 , commissions to, 4, 5. 
 
 , letter to, 5. 
 
 Thomas [brother of Sir Moyle], 
 
 letter from, 28. 
 Thomas [second son of Sir 
 
 Moyle], letters from, 35, 38 
 
 (2), 42. 
 Thomas [son of the Earl of 
 
 Winchilsea], 419. 
 William, Lord Maidstone [eldest 
 
 son of the Earl of Winchilsea], 
 
 288, 291, 292, 512. 
 , allowances for, 307, 364. 
 
 423, 424, 448, 449. 
 
 , his clothes and attendants, 
 
 312, 313, 424. 
 
 , sent to Cambridge, 364. 
 
 , suggestions and instruc- 
 tions concerning, 423, 424, 
 448, 449. 
 
 , tutor or governor for, 423, 
 
 424, 448, 449, 477, 481. 
 , wife suggested for, 324. 
 
 , his early marriage, 461- 
 
 464. 470, 472, 473, 510. 
 , movements of, 461, 462, 
 
 464, 512, 515, 519,
 
 559 
 
 Finch, William, Lord Maidstone 
 cont. 
 
 , his brothers, not to suffer 
 
 for his folly, 473. 
 -, his wife, her portion al- 
 
 Florence, letters from cont. 
 
 , reported missing, 
 
 434. 
 
 or messages to, 265, 443, 
 
 luded to, 473. 
 William [son of Sir Heneage], 
 
 444, 500. 
 
 , at Bath, 467. 
 
 , at Oxford, 433. 
 
 , to leave Oxford, 467. 
 
 Finch's wood, planting of, 335. 
 First Meridian, position of, 59. 
 Fisher, Captain, 125. 
 Fitz Alan, Henry, Earl of Arundel, 
 
 2, 3. 
 Fitzgerald : 
 
 James Fitzmaurice, Captain of 
 
 Munster, 7. 
 John, of Desmond, letter from, 
 
 7. 
 Flanders, 61, 65, 161, 394, 395, 445, 
 
 493. 
 " abell trees " [white poplars] 
 
 to be procured from, 320. 
 merchant from. See Vanden- 
 
 driesche. 
 towns in, reported to be taken 
 
 by the Prince of Orange, 20. 
 travellers to or from, 8, 107. 
 Cardinal Richelieu in, 65. 
 Queen Mother of France, [Mary 
 
 de' Medici,] lured into, 66. 
 foreign forces near, 354. 
 in relation to France and Spain, 
 
 504. 
 Fleet, the English, 136, 153, 157, 201, 
 
 353, 369, 474, 492. 
 Admirals of. See James, Duke 
 
 of York ; Montagu, Earl of 
 
 Sandwich ; Monck, Duke of 
 
 Albemarle ; Lawson, Sir 
 
 John, 
 movements of, 338, 395, 396, 
 
 427, 435. And see Mediter- 
 ranean, 
 successes of, alluded to, 397, 
 
 398. 
 
 Flemengger, Father Ludovick, com- 
 missary to the Guardians of 
 
 the Holy Sepulchre, help 
 
 requested for, 1 37. 
 Flemings, in the east, 105, 271. 
 Flesher, John, 313. 
 
 letter from, 312. 
 
 Florence [Italy], 35, 75, 424, 455. 
 art treasures at, 407. 
 churches, palaces &c. in, 75. 
 document printed at, 433. 
 letters dated at, 120, 519. 
 letters from, alluded to, 403, 
 
 404, 471. 
 
 517. 
 state of, 409. 
 
 travellers to, 401, 402, 415, 421. 
 Florence, Duke of. See Tuscany, 
 
 Grand Duke of. 
 
 Flower, Stephen, English agent 
 at Gombrone, 334, 365, 440, 
 477, 507. 
 Flushing [Zeeland], letter dated at, 
 
 26. 
 English flag ship taken into, 
 
 419. 
 
 travellers to, 27. 
 Flyer, Richard, factor at Aleppo, 
 
 183. 
 
 Fogio, , 363. 
 
 Foix (Fois), [Paul] de, French 
 ambassador to England, 19. 
 Foley, John, factor at Smyrna, 169. 
 letter from, 108. 
 
 signed by, 148. 
 
 Fontainebleau, Palace of, Louis 
 
 XIII at, 65. 
 Foreign colours, Dutch vessels flying, 
 
 475. 
 
 Foreland, the, ships at, 26. 
 Formosa, Island of, ill-success of the 
 
 Dutch at, 323, 450. 
 Forster : 
 
 Matthew, agent at Ispahan, 124. 
 Thomas, 438. 
 
 Fort St. George [Madras], 474, 506. 
 English ships at, 440. 
 agent sent to. See Foxcroft. 
 Council of, members of. See 
 
 Sambrooke. See Dawes. 
 mutiny and turbulent proceed- 
 ings at, 441, 442. 
 Foscolo, Antonio, misfortunes of, 
 
 466, 467. 
 Fotherby : 
 
 Charles, letter to, mentioned, 
 
 325. 
 
 Thomas, letter to, 248. 
 Foulk : Fowke, Alderman, 120. 
 
 Roger, formerly consul at 
 Aleppo, 161. 
 
 , as consul in Cyprus, 330. 
 
 , difference between the 
 
 French nation and, 190, 210, 
 258, 260-263, 271, 272, 323, 
 330. 
 Fountaine [John], Commissioner of 
 
 the Great Seal, 77. 
 Fountaino, Monsieur, an Italian, 68. 
 Fouquet, [Nicolas], Surintendant 
 des Finances to Louis XIV, 
 161,
 
 560 
 
 Foxcroft, George, agent at Fort St. 
 George, charge brought ag- 
 ainst, 441. 
 taken prisoner, 442. 
 Frampton : 
 
 Rev. Robert, chaplain to the 
 English factory at Aleppo, 
 letters from, 335, 422, 481. 
 
 to, 343, 454. 
 
 , sent by, alluded to, 
 
 408. 
 -, appointments of, as chap- 
 
 lain, 449. 
 , indisposition of, alluded 
 
 to, 512. 
 , movements of, 407, 410, 
 
 416, 449, 454, 476. 
 -, preaches before the King, 
 
 449. 
 Robert, factor at Galata, 171, 
 
 312, 313. 
 
 , documents signed by, 377. 
 
 France, casual notices passim, 
 admiral of. See Beaufort, 
 ambassadors from. See French 
 
 ambassadors, 
 ambassadors to. See under the 
 
 various countries. 
 , from England. See 
 
 England, ambassadors from, 
 cardinals in. See Richelieu. 
 
 See Mazarin. 
 
 Cardinal of Austria in, 34. 
 cities of, 60. 
 Civil war in, 30, 31, 32. 
 consuls of, 258. 
 Court of, 160, 206, 264. 
 , " ceremonies and quaint- 
 nesses of the," 98. 
 , foreign ambassadors at, 
 
 415. 
 Dunkirk sold to. See Charles 
 
 II. 
 
 miseries of, 31. 
 Papal legate in. See Caetano, 
 
 Cardinal. 
 Spanish ambassador in, 305, 
 
 415. 
 war of the League in, alluded 
 
 to, 31. 
 Lord Buckhurst's journey 
 
 through, 13 et seq. 
 relations between Turkey and. 
 
 See Turkey, 
 in relation to Venice. See 
 
 Venice. 
 to Spain, 31, 161, 457, 458, 
 
 485, 504, 513. 
 
 Henrietta Maria [Queen of Eng- 
 land] in, 98, 101. 
 [as Queen Mother] leaves, 
 
 205. 
 
 France cont. 
 
 Princess Henrietta in, 101. 
 
 in relation to the Dutch, 189, 
 388, 396, 397. 
 
 to the Emperor, 221. 
 
 in relation to England and Hol- 
 land, 354, 359, 388, 392, 396, 
 397, 426, 444, 455, 456, 492, 
 493, 504. 
 
 Savoy and Genoa, 354. 
 
 succour given to the Emperor 
 by, 402, 428. 
 
 in relation to Poland, 426. 
 
 the King of Spain, 457, 
 
 458. 
 
 flight of the Earl of Clarendon 
 into, 492. 
 
 growing power of, alarm created 
 by, 504. 
 
 assistance from, hoped for by 
 
 Candia, 513. 
 France, Kings of : 
 
 former, alluded to, 111. 
 
 [Charles IX] : 
 
 , character of, discussed, 19. 
 
 , orders of, alluded to, 14. 
 
 , in relation to Lord Buck- 
 hurst, 17, 18. 
 
 , and the massacre of St. 
 
 Bartholomew, 20. 
 
 [Henry III], death of, alluded 
 to, 31. 
 
 [Henry IV], 60. 
 
 , in relation to wars in 
 
 France, 30 et seq. 
 -, statue of, 65. 
 
 [Louis XIII] : 
 
 , assistance from, hoped for, 
 
 48. 
 
 , castle of L'Ecluse sold to, 
 
 69. 
 
 , church built by, 66. 
 
 , statue of, 65. 
 
 , in relation to Lady Vonetia 
 
 Stanley, 61. 
 
 , supports Cardinal Riche- 
 lieu, 65. 
 
 [Louis XIV], 108, 107, 113, 114, 
 126, 142, 154, 182, 210, 257, 
 294, 341, 365, 439, 492. 
 
 , gentlemen of his bed- 
 chamber, 438. And see Buly, 
 M. de la. 
 
 , letters or commands from, 
 
 alluded to, 204, 407, 445, 466. 
 
 , declaration of, alluded to, 
 
 412. 
 
 , paper of advice to, 513. 
 
 , plenipotentiary of. See 
 
 Colbert. 
 
 , reputed agent for. See 
 
 Robola.
 
 561 
 
 France, Kings of [Louis XIV] cont. 
 
 , secretary of, 113. 
 
 , his territories in Germany, 
 
 alluded to, 305, 428. 
 -, his title in Turkey, 127, 
 
 406. 
 
 , vision concerning his 
 birth, 64. 
 
 , in relation to mediation 
 between Turkey and Venice, 
 121, 131, 141, 292. 
 -, his growing reputation, 
 
 161. 
 
 tlireatens a breach with 
 
 Spain, 161. 
 
 promises 
 
 Emperor, 211. 
 
 , relations between the 
 Pope and, 221, 231, 263. 
 
 , in relation to the protec- 
 tion of foreigners, 257, 258, 
 313, 323. 
 -, his affairs, in relation to 
 
 Europe, 275. 
 
 , relations of, with Turkey. 
 
 See Mahomet. 
 
 , assists the Emperor, 305, 
 
 328, 341. 
 
 , renewed preparations of, 
 
 against Barbary, 351. 
 
 , and the war with England, 
 
 412, 414, 415. 
 
 , reported to be taken 
 
 prisoner, 481. 
 
 , in relation to the Earl of 
 
 Clarendon, 492. 
 
 , mediation proposed be- 
 tween the King of Spain and, 
 492. 
 
 , marches towards Franche 
 
 Comte, 493. 
 
 , his animosity against 
 
 Holland, 504. 
 
 , will espouse the interests 
 
 of the Knights of Malta, 505. 
 
 , his great prosperity, 
 
 alluded to, 513. 
 Queen of : 
 
 [Catherine de' Medici], theft of 
 jewel by, alluded to, 60. 
 
 [Marie de Medici], and Cardinal 
 Kichelieu, 65, 66. 
 
 [Anne of Austria], 61-64. 
 , as Queen Mother, pre- 
 dicted death of, 389. 
 
 [Maria Theresa], wife of 
 Louis XIV, 161. 
 
 Princesses of, food of, in Paris, 
 
 32. 
 
 Franche Comt6 (Franch County), 
 French King marching to- 
 wards, 493. 
 
 Wt. 29495. 
 
 to aid the 
 
 Frankfort (Francford) [Germany], 
 
 76. 
 Frascati (Freacati) [Italy], 473. 
 
 " Bell Vedere," palace of 
 
 Prince Palestrino at, 76. 
 Frederick-William, Elector of Bran- 
 denburg, 355. 
 ambassador extraordinary from. 
 
 See Nassau, Prince Maurice 
 
 of. 
 Frederick, Sir John, 164, 165, 194, 
 
 344, 355. 
 agent of, 348. 
 
 Freisheim, Giovanni, Baron di, Ser- 
 jeant-General in Candia, 
 
 letters from, 613 (2). 
 his father, English Resident at 
 
 Aix-la-Chapelle, ibid. 
 his lieutenant. See Sieffert. 
 French, the: 
 
 in the Turkish empire. See 
 
 Aleppo. See Cyprus. See 
 
 Smyrna. See Turkey, 
 dispute matters of consulage 
 
 in the Levant, 93. 
 in relation to the protection 
 
 of merchants or strangers 
 
 abroad, 106, 145, 158, 239, 
 
 420. 
 orders against, in the Holy 
 
 Land, 193. 
 expected expedition of, into 
 
 Italy, 240, 242, 286. 
 their raids in Barbary alluded 
 
 to, 328, 341, 351, 364, 365. 
 not pleased with the peace 
 between the Emperor and 
 
 Turkey, 339. 
 expedition of, to Gigeri. See 
 
 Gigeri. 
 to assist the Dutch, 354, 396, 
 
 397. 
 Tangier reported to be sold to, 
 
 363. 
 
 report contradicted, 367. 
 their advances towards the 
 
 King of Sweden, alluded to, 
 
 427. 
 and their ambassador in Turkey, 
 
 430. 
 their false money, 450, 490, 497. 
 
 And see Tomins. 
 " pride and ambition of," 
 
 456. 
 in relation to English letters, 
 
 478, 479, 481. 
 French : 
 
 affairs in the East. 507. 
 ambassadors to England. See 
 
 under England. 
 
 , at Breda, 476. 
 
 , in Turkey. See La Hayo. 
 
 n 36
 
 562 
 
 French cont. 
 
 apes, the. See Dutch, the. 
 colours, ships sailing under, 
 
 341, 363, 475, 479. 
 consul, at Athens, 335. 
 factories, complaints from, 446. 
 fleet or ships, movements or 
 
 business of, 87, 88, 104, 220, 
 
 303, 413, 419, 420, 429, 433, 
 
 437, 466, 482, 489, 490, 494, 
 
 496, 501, 502, 503. 
 , threatened or taken by 
 
 pirates, 425, 446, 477, 489. 
 language, 477, 479. 
 , documents written in, 58, 
 
 205,431. 
 -, letters written in, 123, 
 
 258, 330, 345, 408, 409, 414, 
 
 419, 515, 521. 
 money, in Turkey, depreciation 
 
 of, 412, 413. 
 nation, the, 210, 211, 285, 289, 
 
 301, 328, 458. 
 , " the falsest in the world," 
 
 452. 
 -, hatred towards, 159. 
 
 , in relation to Roger Foulk. 
 
 See Foulk. 
 
 and English " begin 
 better to agree," 481. 
 Secretaries of State. See Lionne ; 
 
 Lomenie. 
 Frenchman, a, General of Candia 
 
 said to be : 
 said to have caused the fire of 
 
 London, 450. 
 Frenchmen : 
 
 in Persia and India, 438, 439, 
 
 449, 466, 476. 
 scandal caused by, at Jerusalem, 
 
 113, 114. 
 Fuensaldafia (Fuensdalque, Count), 
 
 Spanish leiger at Paris, 129. 
 Fiirstenberg (Ferstenberg), Conte 
 d'Egone di, 124. 
 
 G., Mr., 63. 
 
 Gaeta (Gaietta) [Italy], 183. 
 
 Gage, Sir Thomas, sent to the Bas- 
 tile, 64. 
 
 Galata : 
 
 and Constantinople, Christian 
 churches in. See Constanti- 
 nople. 
 
 i Galata cont. 
 
 and Pera, factory at. See Pera. 
 
 convent at, 191. 
 
 factors at, 377, 437. 
 
 fires at, 197. 
 
 free from plague, 264. 
 
 letters &c. dated at, 264, 265, 
 
 275 
 
 Gallipoli (Gallipolly, Callipoli) [Tur- 
 key], 269. 
 
 Turkish army at, 146. 
 , Gait: 
 
 Mr., 91. 
 
 (Golt), William, Scottish factor 
 at Galata, documents signed 
 by, 377. 
 
 , recommended by Lord 
 
 Winchilsea, 397, 398. 
 Gamarra, Dr. Stephen di, said to be 
 coming as Spanish ambas- 
 sador to England, 173. 
 Gambia [W. Africa], 311. 
 Ganges, the river, 507. 
 Gardin, Thomas, a merchant in Lea- 
 
 polis, letter to, 459. 
 Gardiner or Gardner, Dr. [Thomas], 
 canon of Christ Church, 
 Oxford, 443. 
 Garlin (alias Pontanus) Father 
 
 Anthony, 137. 
 
 Garter, the Order of, desired by Lord 
 Winchilsea, 111,141,287,291. 
 other aspirants for, 291. 
 Gary, Henry, 330, 366. 
 
 appointed Governor of Bombay, 
 
 507. 
 
 Gastouni or Gastone [Morea], 201. 
 Gattwood, Consul, 127. 
 Gauls, price given for, 285. 
 Gawdy : 
 
 Sir Francis, Lord Chief Justice 
 of Common Pleas, 36-38. 
 -, Privy Seal addressed to, 
 
 35. 
 
 -, death of, 36 and n. 
 
 Sir Henry, letter from, 36. 
 Gaynes, Mr., of the Temple, 6. 
 Gaza [Syria], 192. 
 
 prophet at, 410. 
 Geislingen (Gestening) [Wiirtem- 
 
 berg], 76. 
 Gelderland, 130. 
 Geneva, 68, 72. 
 
 bishops of, 71, 72. 
 
 ) Chamber of Reformation at, 70. 
 
 Company of, letter to, 460. 
 Council of the Clergy in, 71. 
 description of, 69-72. 
 French ambassador at. See 
 
 Bellievre. 
 
 government of, 71. 
 , ministers in, 70.
 
 563 
 
 Geneva cont. 
 
 St. Peter's in, 70. 
 
 , Due de Rohan buried in, 
 
 71. 
 
 torture of prisoners in, 72. 
 or Leman, lake of, 69, 72. 
 Genevese, the, in league with the 
 
 rest of the Swiss, 69. 
 Genoa, 445, 520. 
 
 differences between Rome and. 
 
 See Rome. 
 
 letters dated at, 519, 520. 
 Savoy to be assisted against, 
 
 354. 
 ambassador from, to Turkey. 
 
 See under Turkey. 
 
 proposed, 394, 442. 
 
 extraordinary from, to 
 
 England. See Durazzo. 
 Republic or State of, 519. 
 
 proposal from, 394. 
 
 are likely to commence a 
 
 trade in Turkey, 412, 423. 
 Genoese : 
 
 money likely to be brought by 
 
 the, 450. 
 " Settlement," the, alluded to, 
 
 445. 
 ships, 497, 519. 
 
 sent to Candia, 501, 502. 
 
 Gentues, the, their possessions on 
 
 the coast of India, raided by 
 the Dutch, 209. 
 Georgia, 496. 
 
 revolution in, 219. 
 Georgio. Captain, prisoner taken by, 
 
 466. 
 Georgio, Signor. See Homero, See 
 
 Draper! is. 
 Gerbier, Sir Balthazar, daughter of, 
 
 61. 
 German : 
 
 ambassador to Turkey. See 
 
 Lesley, Count, 
 consul, a, 497. 
 eagle. 126. 
 
 Empire, the, 296. See Empire, 
 ministers in Turkey, 159. 
 Germans, the, a gun taken from, 60. 
 Germany, 116, 153, 211. 395, 460. 
 journey through, 76. 
 - proposed, 445. 
 King of Sweden willing to fight, 
 
 415. 
 
 letters out of, seized, 416. 
 ministers of. 455. 
 operation performed in, 448. 
 Princes of, 119, 339. 
 a Princess of, 61. 
 Protestant party in, 47. 
 state of. described. 47. 
 Thirty Years' War in, 45, 47, 48. 
 
 Germany cont. 
 
 war between Turkey and. See 
 
 Turkey, 
 previous war between Turkey 
 
 and, alluded to, 225. 
 Gibraltar (Gibilterra), Spanish 
 
 soldiers at, 181. 
 vessels lost or aground near, 
 
 354, 359. 
 Straits of, 173, 425. 
 
 , De Ruyter in, 338, 353. 
 
 , English fleet in, 199. 
 
 , fleet to sail to, 118. 
 
 , , Vice-Admiral of. 
 
 See Lawson, Sir John, 
 ships in, 213, 277, 416. 
 
 Gigeri [Africa], the French expedi- 
 tion to, alluded to, 346, 402, 
 425. 
 Girand, Signor Giovanni, letter 
 
 to, mentioned, 335. 
 Giustiniano, Parido, Deputy of the 
 Church in Scio. See Scio, 
 bishop and deputies of, 
 Givors (Givaux) [France], 75. 
 Gladman, Mr., 51, 52. 
 Glide, Captain, of the Amity, 264. 
 Gloucester, dismantled, 206. 
 
 meeting of parliament at, 
 
 alluded to, 511. 
 travellers to, 433. 
 Gloucester, Duke of. See Stuart, 
 
 Henry. 
 Gloucestershire (Glosstar Sheare), 
 
 21. 
 
 Goa [India]. 210, 228, 230, 366. 
 blockaded by the Dutch, 151, 
 
 273. 
 Governors and Council at, 
 
 letters delivered to, 243. 
 island near, English soldiers on, 
 
 243. 
 ships sent to take possession of, 
 
 142. 
 Gobbatto, Signor Tomaso, 301, 328. 
 
 letter to, 253. 
 Godbould, Mr., 38. 
 Godfrey (Godfred), King of Jeru- 
 salem, sword of, 114. 
 Godfrey, Mr., 411. 
 Goens, Rickloff Van, Dutch admiral, 
 
 off the coast of India, 453. 
 Goffo, Dr. Stephen, chaplain to 
 Lord Jermyn, recants the 
 Protestant religion, 65. 
 Golconda or Gulcondah [India], 
 
 King of, 334, 366, 439. 
 expected attack by. 475. 
 in relation to the King of the 
 
 Deccaii, 507. 
 
 his sister. See Doccan, Queen 
 of.
 
 564 
 
 Goldsmiths' work in Paris and Lon- 
 don, 17. 
 
 Golt, William. See Gait. 
 Gombrone or Gombroon, on the 
 Persian Gulf, 124, 151, 162, 
 466. 
 
 Dutch at, reports by, 476. 
 Dutch Company at, commander 
 
 of. See Wick, Van. 
 English agent at. See Flower. 
 French at, 476. 
 
 , reports from, 491. 
 
 Governor of, in relation to the 
 
 Dutch, 439, 476. 
 Latin Fathers at, 507. 
 ships at, 256, 439, 449. 
 Vizier of. aids the English, 440. 
 Gondi, Gondy, Cardinal, passport 
 
 demanded for, 30. 
 Goodrich, Thomas, Bishop of Ely, 2. 
 Goodwin, William, factor at Smyrna, 
 
 169. 
 
 letter signed by, 148. 
 death of, 329. 
 Gorcum [Netherlands], 76. 
 Gordan, Monsieur, Captain or 
 Governor of Calais, 13, 15, 17. 
 his house, 14. 
 Gosnold, Master, 1. 
 Gospels (Evangelist) the. ancient 
 Greek copy of, 186, 225, 227. 
 presented to Oxford University, 
 
 256. 
 
 Gough, Mr., books of, 391. 
 Gower, Baron of, sent by the 
 
 Emperor to Turkey, 231. 
 Graham, James, Marquis of Mont- 
 rose, 136. 
 Grandison : 
 
 Count, 66, 67. 
 
 Viscount, his house in West- 
 minster, 44. 
 Grave, Mother, 37. 
 Graves, Richard, 73, 74. 
 
 reports by, concerning the sale 
 
 of the King's lands, 73. 
 Gravesend, travellers to and from, 
 
 19, 479, 511. 
 Gray, Lord. See Grey. 
 Great Seal, the, 433. 
 
 Commissioners of, petition to, 
 
 alluded to, 77. 
 
 Lord Keeper of. See Bridge- 
 man. 
 Greece : 
 
 Bashaws of, 139, 140. 
 Christian children in, tribute of, 
 
 taken, 412. 
 
 Emperors of, lineage of, 198. 
 monasteries and churches of, 
 
 227. 
 Greek, a, 335, 
 
 Greek : 
 
 Church, the. See Jerusalem, 
 Scio, Turkey. 
 
 , Patriarch of. See Turkey. 
 
 druggermen, 381. 
 
 families, titles of extinct, 198. 
 
 Gospels or Evangelist. See 
 
 Gospels. 
 
 language, the, 244. 
 priest, a, made Metropolite of 
 
 Candia, 286. 
 renegado, 288. 
 Greeks, 418, 489. 
 
 assistance against, prayed for, 
 
 373. 
 
 complaints from, 331. 
 in Constantinople. See Con- 
 stantinople. 
 
 fugitive, infection carried by, 1 50. 
 judgment given in favour of, 
 
 334. 
 
 places in the Holy Land &c. 
 usurped by, 191, 192,203, 369. 
 stupidity of, 518. 
 Greenwich, letters dated at, 6, 35. 
 Henrietta Maria (Queen Mother) 
 
 at, 206. 
 Gregory XIV, Pope, message from, 
 
 to Marshal Biron, 29. 
 Grey: 
 
 Henry, Duke of Suffolk, 2. 
 (Gray) Arthur, Lord Gray of 
 Wilton, son-in-law of the 
 Countess of Bedford, 23. 
 Griffith : 
 
 Henry, 183. 
 
 Mr., a merchant at Aleppo, 373. 
 Grigno (Grinio) [Tyrol], 76. 
 Grotino, writings of, cited, 409. 
 Gruebert, Jean, a Jesuit Father, 398. 
 Grymestone, Edward, advertise- 
 ments from, 30. 
 
 Guicciardini, writings of, cited, 409. 
 Guiland, a Moorish chief, attack by, 
 
 279, 303. 
 
 negotiations with, 280. 
 Guillaume, Duchesse, niece of 
 
 Cardinal Richelieu, 64. 
 Guinea : 
 
 Dutch war-ships going to, 337, 
 
 338, 352. 
 
 forces destined for, 354. 
 places in. taken by the English, 
 
 339, 352. 
 
 Royal Company for, ship sent 
 
 out by, 352. 
 ships sailing for, 388. 
 trade to, monopolized by the 
 
 Dutch, 305, 313. 
 Guise (Gwyes) [Henry of Lorraine], 
 
 Duke of, 22. 
 Gull, Mr., 26.
 
 565 
 
 Gunpowder plot, feast in memory 
 
 of, 380. 
 
 Guns, order for, 370. 
 Gunzburg (Gansbourg) [Bavaria], 
 
 76. 
 Guytry, Monsieur, sent to Meaux, 30. 
 
 Hadd, Mr., 41. 
 Haddon : 
 
 Clare, letter from, 19. 
 Dr. Walter, cousin of the Earl 
 of Leicester, 11, 19. 
 
 , letter from, 13. 
 
 Hagar, Mr., 39. 
 
 Hague, the, English ambassador at, 
 
 128. 
 
 letter dated from, 136, 345. 
 prisoner taken to, 427. 
 suggested as a meeting-place for 
 
 the ambassadors, 455, 456. 
 treaty concluded at, 492. 
 Haines, Mrs., 65. 
 Hales, Sir Edward, bart., captain of 
 
 trained band, 43. 
 
 Halhead, Henry, Member of Council 
 in Providence Island, letter 
 signed by, 58. 
 Hall: 
 
 [Edward], writings of, cited, 
 
 409. 
 
 Sir Ralph, 37. 
 , servant of the Earl of 
 
 Winchilsea, 392. 
 Halsteed, Edward, factor at Aleppo, 
 
 182. 
 
 Hamburgh, factory at, 327. 
 merchant fleet from, 418. 
 ships from, captured, 214. 
 Hampton Court, King and Queen at, 
 
 205. 
 
 letter dated at, 43. 
 Hannis, John, chief clerk to Sir 
 Heneage Finch, dismissal of, 
 433. 
 
 Hannum, name given only to women 
 of the family of the Sultan of 
 Turkey, 198. 
 
 Yse, a Turkish Sultana, 180, 198. 
 Hans, servant of Lord Winchilsea, 
 
 386. 
 
 Harby, Elias, letter to, alluded to, 94. 
 Harcourt, Prince, son of the Due 
 
 d'Elbreuf, 62, 63. 
 daughter of, 64. 
 
 Harderet (Hardret), Jacob, 25. 
 Hardy, Richard, factor at Smyrna, 
 
 * 169, 185. 
 
 letter from, 114. 
 
 signed by, 148. 
 
 Harman, Captain, 479. 
 
 Harrico, one, barat to be procured 
 
 for, 465. 
 Harrison, Mr., " reader " at Should- 
 
 ham Thorpe, 38. 
 Hart, Sir Percival, 42. 
 Hartopp, Thomas, factor at Aleppo, 
 
 224. 
 
 letter signed by, 216. 
 Harty, Island of, Kent, 5. 
 Harvey, Sir Daniel, 514. 
 
 rumour that he was to be made 
 
 an English Viscount, 490. 
 letters from, alluded to, 516. 
 
 to, 516 (2). 
 
 movements of, 415, 503, 504, 
 
 512, 516, 517. 
 
 to succeed Lord Winclulsea as 
 ambassador in Turkey, 490, 
 499, 502, 504, 508(2), 513, 
 514, 515, 517. 
 
 seal to be delivered to, 511. 
 wife of, a relation of. See 
 
 Trevor, John. 
 Harwich [Essex], fleet sails from, 
 
 369. 
 
 Hassan Reis, a pirate, 477, 489. 
 Hastings : 
 
 Francis, Earl of Huntingdon, 2. 
 Henry, Earl of Huntingdon, 25. 
 Hathfield [Hothfield, Kent], 42. 
 Hatton : 
 
 Sir Christopher, letter from, 22. 
 Mr., 18. 
 
 Havr6 (Havery), Charles Philippe 
 de Croy, Marquis d' ; in Eng- 
 land as ambassador from 
 the States General, 22. 
 Havre de Grace or Newhaven, 60. 
 
 Governor of, 32. 
 Hay (La Hay), Baron, nephew to 
 
 Count Lesley. 386. 
 letters from, 427, 444. 
 
 , alluded to, 432. 
 
 Haye, M. de la. See La Haye. 
 Hazard, John, wishes to set up a 
 
 tavern in Smyrna, 330. 
 Hedges, William, treasurer to the 
 Levant Company in Con- 
 stantinople, 98, 163, 172, 178, 
 179, 331, 361, 377. 
 accounts of, 275, 421. 
 letters from, 261, 265. 
 Heidelberg [Germany], 7(3. 
 Helena or Elena, Empress and Saint, 
 "Invention" of the Holy 
 Cross by, alluded to, 191.
 
 566 
 
 Hellespont, the, castles of the, 252. 
 Hemsworth, Francis, factor at 
 
 Aleppo, 183, 215. 
 Henchman, Dr. Humphrey, Bishop 
 
 of London, 364, 409. 
 documents sent to, 316, 325. 
 letter from, 333. 
 
 , alluded to, 359. 
 
 letters to, 314, 321. 
 
 , alluded to, 326. 
 
 Hendene, Mr., 41. 
 Heneage : 
 
 Elizabeth, Lady, 1st wife of 
 Sir Thomas, letters from, 
 alluded to, 25. 
 
 , to, 21, 22, 25, 26, 28, 
 
 33. 
 
 , messages to, 6, 9 (2), 17, 
 
 18, 24. 
 
 , as lady of her Majesty's 
 
 Privy Chamber, letter ad- 
 dressed to, 26. 
 
 illness of, 33. 
 
 her coach, 25. 
 
 Thomas, afterwards Sir Thomas, 
 Treasurer of the Chamber : 
 letter from, 33. 
 letters to, 6-24. 
 message to, 29. 
 in connexion with Dr. 
 Haddon, 19. 
 
 in the Netherlands, 27. 
 as Vice-Chamberlain of 
 the Household, 28, 33, 34. 
 
 . daughter of. See Finch, 
 
 Elizabeth. 
 
 Henrietta Anne, Princess (youngest 
 daughter of Charles I), after- 
 wards Duchess of Orleans : 
 letters from, alluded to, 305, 
 328. 
 
 to, 327. 
 
 returns to Paris. 94. 
 marriage of, 98. 
 
 , objected to, 107. 
 
 commands from, 305, 328. 
 Henrietta Maria (wife of Charles I), 
 Queen Mother of England, 
 255, 256. 
 letter to, 98. 
 movements of, 94, 98, 101, 204, 
 
 205, 389. 
 
 sale of her estates, 73. 
 in relation to her sou. *S'co 
 
 Charles II. 
 her Under Secretary. Sec 
 
 Messenger. 
 Henry VIII, 2. 
 
 execution of Carthusians by, 
 
 alluded to, 64. 
 
 Heppenheim (Heppingham) [Ger- 
 many], 76. 
 
 Heraclea [Turkey-in-Europe], plague 
 
 at, 301. 
 Herbert : 
 
 Philip, Earl of Pembroke, 
 
 petition of, 77. 
 
 , , referred to a Com- 
 mittee, 78. 
 William, Earl of Pembroke, 2, 3. 
 
 , Lord Chamberlain, speech 
 
 by, 47. 
 Captain of the Virgin, oath 
 
 taken by, 238. 
 Hertfordshire, 320. 
 Heylin, Dr. [Peter], appointed Canon 
 of Christ Church, Oxford, 443. 
 Hide, Sir Henry. See Hyde. 
 Hieropolis, Bishop of, 435. 
 Hiett (Hyet) : 
 
 Robert, factor at Galata, docu- 
 ments signed by, 377. 
 William, Treasurer to the Levant 
 Company in Constantinople, 
 166, 437, 438. 
 
 , documents signed by, 171, 
 
 377. 
 
 Mr., 156, 265. 
 Hill, Captain, letters sent by, alluded 
 
 to, 465. 
 Hindus (Hendus), the, proselytizing 
 
 amongst, 506. 
 
 Hobbes (Hobbs), Thomas, his Le- 
 viathan, 65. 
 Hodges, Richard, factor at Smyrna, 
 
 169. 
 
 Holinshed, writings of, cited, 409. 
 Holland, 59, 139, 311, 328, 331, 376, 
 
 397, 412, 413, 505, 519. 
 ambassadors, agents, or resi- 
 dents from : 
 
 to England. See Eng- 
 land. 
 
 to France, 305, 328. 
 
 to China, 506. 
 
 to Persia, 439, 491. 
 
 to Turkey. See Turkey. 
 
 ambassadors of, treaty with, 
 
 161. 
 army and navy of, increase in, 
 
 492. 
 
 " the dark prisons of," 431. 
 East India fleet of, 387, 388, 395, 
 
 479. 
 endeavours of, to undermine 
 
 the English at Algiers, 205. 
 English envoy in, summoned 
 
 to England, 337. 
 pensionary of. See De Witt. 
 people of, joy of, 455. 
 Presbyterians desire a bread i 
 
 with. See Presbyterians, 
 in. relation to trade, 139, 294, 
 
 304, 311, 337, 506.
 
 567 
 
 Holland cont. 
 
 Vice- Admiral of the fleet. See 
 
 Cortenaer. 
 Estates or States General of, 264. 
 
 letter to, 221. 
 
 meeting of, 1 30. 
 
 in relation to Algiers. See 
 
 Algiers, relations between the 
 
 Dutch and. 
 
 chances of peace between Portu- 
 gal and, 129, 130. 
 agreement between Portugal 
 
 and, 282. 
 countries to be incited against, 
 
 354. 
 France the " sheet anchor of," 
 
 354. 
 relations between Turkey and, 
 
 297, 299, 359. 
 inhabitants of, reported " ready 
 
 to mutiny," 388. 
 and the King of Sweden, 427. 
 aided by the French, 354, 396, 
 
 397, 406, 412, 413. 
 French feeling against, 493, 
 
 504. 
 prospects of war with, 120, 313, 
 
 316, 317, 336-339, 340, 352, 
 
 355, 366, 369. 
 war between England and, 359, 
 
 369. 396. 426, 427. 
 , alluded to, 367, 369, 412, 
 
 428, 436, 437. 
 -, as reported by the Dutch, 
 
 426, 431, 476. 
 
 peace between England and, 
 negotiations concerning, (1662) 
 206, (1667) 455, 456. 
 - announced, 479, 483. 
 
 , alluded to, (1662) 214, 338, 
 
 (1667) 400. 483. 
 
 league between England, 
 Sweden and. See Triple 
 Alliance. 
 
 in relation to the Swedish am- 
 bassadors, 455. 
 
 return of ambassadors from, 
 
 479. 
 
 Hollanders. See Dutch. 
 Holies, Denzil, Lord Holies, am- 
 bassador in France, 189, 
 '264, 294, 303, 305, 473. 
 
 , letters from. 305. 
 
 , to. 226, 3-28, 332, 
 
 341. 
 
 in relation to Louis XIV 
 
 and the Dutch \var, 388. 
 
 appointed ambassador to 
 
 the Hague, 457. 
 
 Holmes, Captain Robert, forts taken 
 by, 311, 352. 
 
 his return expected, 337. 
 
 Holsworthy, Richard, 344, 355. 
 
 his brothers, 344, 355. 
 Holy Land, the, or Palestine, 1 1 3, 1 37, 
 
 142, 190, 203, 515. 
 affairs of, 203, 294, 405. 
 Commissioner for. See Boni- 
 facio. 
 
 Guardians or Presidents of. 
 See Velles ; Oggiono ; 
 Polizzi. 
 " Holy Family " or Guardians 
 
 of, 203. 
 
 places in, 192. See also Jeru- 
 salem ; Bethany ; Bethle- 
 hem ; Bethphage. 
 Procurator of. See Ardizaval, 
 
 Fra Dominico de. 
 protection of, 218. 
 travellers to or in, 326, 372. 
 Vicar of, letter from, 236. 
 Homero, Georgio, druggerman 
 
 in Smyrna, 109, 166, 480. 
 son of, 480. 
 
 Honywood, Sir Thomas, 42. 
 Hooper, Mr., 409. 
 Horses, export of, 5. 
 
 , ordered, 369. 
 
 difficulty of obtaining, 458. 
 Turkish, or Turcoman, 134, 
 
 458. See also Arabian. 
 Horsey, Mr., captain of a company 
 
 of lancers, 27. 
 
 Hoskins (Hotshins), SirEdmond,324. 
 Hotham, Sir John, 251. 469. 
 Hothfield. See Hathfield. 
 Howard : 
 
 Thomas, Duke of Norfolk, 
 prisoner in the Tower, 8. 
 
 , intercession with the 
 
 Queen for, 8, 9 (2). 
 Charles, 1st Earl of Carlisle, 
 ambassador extraordinary to 
 Russia, Sweden and Denmark, 
 264, 489. 
 Edward, 386, 387, 393, 394. 
 
 , letter from, alluded to, 
 
 434. 
 
 Henry (afterwards 6th Duke of 
 Norfolk), 349, 382, 386, 394, 
 405, 409, 434, 514. 
 
 , letters from, 367, 386 
 
 387, 392, 393. 405, 409, 421 
 514. 
 
 , to, 434. 514. 
 
 . movements of, 368. 394, 
 
 416,421,511. 
 -, his religion stands in his 
 
 light in England. 368. 
 -, brother of. See Howard, 
 
 Edward. 
 
 grandfather of. See 
 
 Howard, Thomas.
 
 56S 
 
 Hudson, Captain Robert, 179. 
 letter from, 103. 
 ship of, 133. 
 
 Hugo, Hubert, and his French men 
 of war, proceedings of, alluded 
 to, 440. 
 
 Huguenots (Hugonytes), 31. 
 Hulse, Captain Richard, 109, 287, 
 letters to, 392, 399, 465, 469, 
 
 487. 
 Hungarian fashion, suite clothed 
 
 after the, 386. 
 Hungarians, in relation to the Turks, 
 
 151, 282. 
 Hungary, Asian forces in, 288. 
 
 fear that the " Christians " may 
 
 recover, 346. 
 Grand Vizier in, 286. 
 town in, surrender of, 282. 
 wars in, alluded to, 282, 301, 
 
 320, 419. 
 Hungerford : 
 
 Sir Edward, present from, 468. 
 John, factor at Smyrna, 169. 
 
 , letter signed by, 148. 
 
 Hunsdon, Henry, Lord, Lord Cham- 
 berlain, 34. 
 Hunt, Thomas, factor at Aleppo, 1 82. 
 
 oath taken by, 260. 
 Hunter, Henry, jun., factor at 
 
 Aleppo, 183. 
 oath taken by, 238. 
 Huntingdon (Huntyngton) Earl of. 
 See Hastings, Francis and 
 Henry. 
 Hussey : 
 
 Mr., captain of a company of 
 
 lancers, 27. 
 William, factor at Aleppo, 1 82. 
 
 oath taken by, 260. 
 
 Hyde: 
 
 Sir Edward, Earl of Clarendon, 
 Lord Chancellor, 129, 225, 
 233, 241, 433, 454, 490. 
 
 , kinsman of, 126. 
 
 , letters from, 81, 256, 299, 
 
 358, 434. 
 
 , to, 79, 87, 99, 112, 
 
 127, 140, 146, 149, 185, 227, 
 266. 
 
 , , mentioned, 309, 
 
 382. 
 
 , secretary of. See Wren. 
 
 , as Minister of State, 79. 
 
 , made Earl of Clarendon, 
 
 116. 
 -, in relation to the Spanish 
 
 ambassador, 120. 
 -, his speech, at the opening 
 
 Hyde, Sir Edward Earl of Claren- 
 don cont. 
 
 , illness of, 256, 299, 303, 
 
 359. 
 
 , disputes between the Earl 
 
 of Bristol and, 265, 298, 302. 
 -, accused of treason, 274, 
 
 275, 277, 278. 
 , interview with, aUuded to, 
 
 293. 
 , in relation to the Earl of 
 
 Winchilsea, 361, 434, 436. 
 -, impeached for high trea- 
 
 son, 486, 505. 
 , Great Seal taken from, 483. 
 -, sentenced to perpetual 
 
 exile, 492. 
 
 , his flight, 492. 
 
 -, fall of, aUuded to, 505. 
 
 (Hide) Sir Henry, English am- 
 bassador in Turkey, 146. 
 
 . dismissal of, alluded to, 
 
 318. 
 
 Anne, Duchess of York, 277. 
 
 , her marriage, 112. 
 
 , , alluded to, 277. 
 
 Hyllyarde (jeweller ?), 25. 
 
 of Parliament (1661), 140. 
 
 , in relation to the Bishop 
 
 of Cabo Verde, 159. 
 
 Ibrahim, late Sultan of Turkey, 
 
 alluded to, 327. 
 the present Sultan (Mahomet 
 
 IV), wrongly called, 261, 286. 
 Icklesham (Ikelsham) Marsh, 6. 
 Icklestone, the parsonage of, 268. 
 Ignatio, a dragoman, charges against 
 
 115. 
 Illyrian bands, praise of, by Tacitus, 
 
 aUuded to, 460. 
 Imperial army, the. See Emperor, 
 
 army of. 
 Inchiquin (Insiquin, in Chequeene), 
 
 Earl of. See O'Brien, Mur- 
 
 rough. 
 
 Indemnity, Act of, 130. 
 " Indes, Messieurs des," 419. 
 India, the Indies, or the East Indies, 
 
 272, 282, 365, 366, 396, 397, 
 
 439, 466, 483, 493. 
 business concerning, alluded to, 
 
 288-9. 
 cordials and antidotes against 
 
 poison from, 451. 
 the Dutch in, 95, 209, 210, 243, 
 
 244, 257, 408, 442, 475, 476, 
 
 507, 508.
 
 India, the Dutch in cont. 
 
 , at Goa. See Goa. 
 
 , their houses blown down, 
 
 475. 
 -, places taken by, 86, 107, 
 
 209, 214, 272, 273. And see 
 Cochin. 
 -, in relation to the English 
 
 East India Company, 151. 
 , in relation to English 
 
 ships, 243, 244, 273, 440, 441. 
 , possessions of, on the 
 
 coast, 209, 460. 
 
 , power of, 151, 366, 507. 
 
 , their ships off Surat, 453. 
 
 , , Admiral of. See 
 
 Goens, Rickloff van. 
 -, successes of, 107, 209, 
 
 223, 273. 
 , trade of, 272, 329. 
 
 -, threaten to assault Bom- 
 
 bay, 440. 
 
 early trade of the Levant Com- 
 pany in, alluded to, 414. 
 
 earthquakes and floods in, 
 475. 
 
 English in, affairs or interest of, 
 210, 474, 493. And see Bom- 
 bay ; Fort St. George ; Surat. 
 
 , expulsion of, desired, 506. 
 
 , held in good esteem, 
 
 507. 
 
 , their houses blown down, 
 
 475. 
 -, in relation to the Dutch, 
 
 272, 273, 474. 
 
 factors, factories or sta- 
 
 tions in. See Balasor ; Fort 
 
 St. George ; Surat. 
 
 fleet going to, 284. 
 
 fort in, 107. 
 
 the French in, 476. 
 
 the greatest tyrant in. See 
 
 Castro, 
 ineffectual expedition to (i.e. to 
 
 Bombay), 284. 
 Kings or Great Moguls of. See 
 
 Jehan Shah and Aurungzebe. 
 letters or packets from, alluded 
 
 to, 165, 210, 323. And see 
 
 Oxinden, Sir George. 
 Levant Company's losses in, 1 61 . 
 merchandise for or from, 95, 
 
 450. 
 news from, 162, 243, 474, 482. 
 
 , hoped for, 396. 
 
 Portuguese in, 86, 95, 129, 151, 
 
 209, 210, 224, 466, 475, 506. 
 , almost extinguished by 
 
 the Dutch, 209, 210, 223. 
 , calamities of, 272, 306, 
 
 307. 
 
 India, Portuguese in cont. 
 
 , Columbo taken from. Set 
 
 Columbo. 
 , Council of, in relation to 
 
 Bombay, 273. 
 
 , Viceroy of. See Castro. 
 
 , proposals of, concerning 
 
 Bombay, 284. 
 , routed at Cochin. See 
 
 Cochin. 
 -, their cession of Bombay, 
 
 alluded to, 408. 
 -, town belonging to. See 
 
 Chaul. 
 rarities from, commissions for, 
 
 397, 399, 487. 
 river in, 451. 
 
 ships going to or from, 256, 306, 
 388, 435. 
 
 , captured, 505. 
 
 " strange sights and appari- 
 tions " in, 475. 
 trade in or of, 214, 224, 257, 
 
 416, 440. 
 
 travellers to, 162, 408, 439. 
 the way to, open, 476. 
 Indian, an, story concerning, 125, 
 
 126. 
 
 Indies or East Indies. See India. 
 Ingulphus, writings of, cited, 409. 
 Innsbruck (Insprucke, Insproke), 
 
 [Tyrol], 76. 
 
 death of the Archduke of Aus- 
 tria at, 389. 
 Inquisition, the, 132. 
 Intelligencer, Spanish, 64. 
 Intelligences or Newsletters, 316, 
 
 488, 497. 
 
 Ireland, 160, 395, 479, 510. 
 affairs in, 117, 395. 
 commissioners and Court of 
 
 Claims in, 256, 298. 
 Council of, commission from, 8. 
 French designs against, reported, 
 433. 
 
 fleet going towards, 420. 
 
 Lord Deputy of. See Sidney, 
 
 Sir Henry. 
 Lord Lieutenant of. See Or- 
 
 raond, Duke of. 
 money needed for, 10. 
 Parliament to meet in, 102. 
 
 summoned, 117. 
 
 Parliament in, 153. 
 
 , differences between the 
 
 Court of Claims and, 256. 
 the settlement of, bill for, 
 
 298. 
 
 Ireton, Colonel Homy, body of, 
 disinterred and 'hanged, 101. 
 Irish, the, English fears concerning, 
 256.
 
 570 
 
 Iron Acton, Gloucestershire, 21. 
 
 letter dated from, 23. 
 Isaacson, Anthony, secretary to 
 Lord Winchilsea, is sent to 
 Smyrna, 114. 
 
 letters from, 115-189 passim. 
 
 celebrates the King's birthday, 
 122. 
 
 appointed consul at Smyrna, 
 132, 137. 
 
 appeal of, to Lord Winchilsea, 
 against the anger of the 
 Levant Company, 170. 
 
 supported by the Earl of Win- 
 chilsea, 174 (2). 
 
 is displaced by the Levant Com- 
 pany, 178. 
 
 recommended, 183-186. 
 
 salary refused to, 1 87. 
 
 money paid to, 203. 
 Ischia, Island of, 521. 
 Isdring, Count, fort built by. See 
 Kanisia. 
 
 forts reported to have been 
 
 taken by, 183. 
 Isola, Baron of, paper given by, 
 
 alluded to, 513. 
 
 Ispahan (Spahaune) [Persia], 95, 124, 
 334, 345, 419, 453, 493, 507. 
 
 agent for the Levant Company 
 at, 151, 162, 438, 475. And 
 see Buckeridge ; Forster. 
 
 court of, Muscovite ambassa- 
 dor at, 366, 367. 
 
 Dutch agent at, his poor recep- 
 tion, alluded to, 491. 
 
 Intelligence from, 367. 
 
 trade at, 450. 
 Italian : 
 
 gentleman. See Peroti. 
 
 gloves, 316. 
 
 language, the, 241, 477, 518. 
 
 , declaration translated 
 
 into, alluded to, 367. 
 
 , letters translated into, 409, 
 
 414. 
 
 , documents written in, 30, 
 
 80. 100, 113, 120, 132, 141 (2), 
 142, 146, 154, 158, 193, 194, 
 196, 197, 201-203, 212, 217, 
 218, 233, 234, 236, 240, 242, 
 253, 254, 262, 271, 281, 285, 
 287, 300, 301, 304, 305, 310, 
 323, 329(2), 331. 334-336, 
 344, 346-351. 355 (2), 362 (2), 
 365, 368, 371, 376, 384, 393 
 (2), 399, 405 (2), 410, 424-429, 
 453, 458, 465, 467, 502, 513, 
 515, 518-521. 
 
 , sermons in. 70. 
 
 proverb, 245. 
 
 revenge, 252. 
 
 Italians, 110, 183, 343, 434. 
 
 Italy, 97, 108, 112, 128, 137, 147, 
 
 167, 239, 253, 259, 369, 395, 
 
 397, 413, 418, 429, 446, 448, 
 
 473. 
 
 compared with Turkey, 247. 
 English in, 520. 
 merchants of, 128, 497. 
 the " rarities and quaintness " 
 
 of, 247. 
 regiment in, the command of, 
 
 308. 
 
 salt to be made in, 520. 
 States of, public agent in. See 
 
 Ossat, Cardinal D'. 
 traders to, 267. 
 travellers or proposed travellers 
 
 to or in, 75, 239, 253, 403, 
 
 407, 413, 421, 423, 424, 430, 
 
 445, 447, 448, 473, 474. 
 value of jewels in, 260. 
 value of " Temins " in, 450. 
 wages to servants in, 403. 
 fear of Turkish invasion of, 
 
 149. 
 war between the Emperor and 
 
 Turkey desired by, 211. 
 Turkish designs against, 232. 
 differences between France and, 
 
 231. 
 expected entrance of the French 
 
 into, 240 (2), 242. 
 the French in, 286. 
 assistance from, hoped for, 
 
 513. 
 
 Jaffa (Giafa), Palestine, 192. 
 Jagodina [Servia], letter dated from, 
 
 375. 
 Jamaica, 135, 140. 
 
 description of, 306. 
 English planters at, 455. 
 Jambi (Jambee) [Sumatra], 474. 
 James I (VI of Scotland), 41, 74. 
 
 children of, disinherited. See 
 Bohemia, King and Queen of. 
 creation of earls by, 39. 
 declaration from, alluded to, 
 
 318. 
 
 payment from the Levant Com- 
 pany remitted by, 381, 391. 
 in relation to Algiers and Tunis, 
 318.
 
 571 
 
 James I (VI of Scotland) con*. 
 
 in relation to Germany and the 
 
 Thirty Years' war, 47, 48. 
 times of, alluded to, by Charles 
 
 I, 46. 
 James, Duke of York [afterwards 
 
 James II], 277, 404. 
 children of, birth of, 113, 485. 
 commands of, alluded to, 505. 
 congratulations to, 389. 
 guards of, 130. 
 as High Admiral, orders of, 143. 
 
 , passports from, 276, 278. 
 
 ill of small-pox, 485, 508. 
 insult to, alluded to, 311. 
 letters to, 99, 266, 389. 
 message to. 110. 
 sons of. See Cambridge and 
 
 Kendal, Dukes of. 
 his first marriage, 113. 
 reflections upon, alluded to, 
 
 304. 
 
 in relation to the Levant Com- 
 pany, 361-2. 
 
 in relation to Tangier, 280. 
 is determined to go with the 
 
 fleet, 339. 
 in command of the fleet, 354, 
 
 369, 376. 
 " liberalities " of, to seamen 
 
 &c., 388. 
 
 his victory over the Dutch, 395. 
 James, servant of Lady Finch, 
 
 468. 
 Jane, Queen, 2. 
 
 letter of the Privy Council 
 
 concerning her accession, 1. 
 Jansen (Jansenius) Cornelius, Bishop 
 
 of Ypres, 66. 
 Jansenists, 66. 
 Japan (Japon), 151, 330. 
 curiosities from, 223. 
 
 , commissions for, 400. 
 Dutch ships expected from, 450. 
 
 -trade with, 151, 324. 
 Jehan (Jahann), Shaw, ex-Mogul of 
 
 India. 152. 
 deposition and imprisonment 
 
 of, alluded to, 450. 
 death of, 450. 
 sons of. See Aurungzobo ; Dara 
 
 Shah ; Soojo. 
 Jehoshaphat (Giosafet), valley of, 
 
 1 90. 
 
 tombs in, 191. 
 Jermyn (Jennin), Henry, Lord 
 
 Jormyn, Earl of St. Albans, 
 
 English ambassador to 
 
 France. 101, 106 (2), 128, 
 
 161,479. 
 
 chaplain of. Sea Goffe. 
 letter from, 204. 
 
 Jennyn Henry, Lord Jermyn con*, 
 letters to, 98, 106, 117, 123, 
 136. 
 
 , alluded to, 118. 
 
 reported to have been robbed, 
 
 456. 
 
 is resigning the embassy, 204. 
 returning to Paris, 509. 
 Jersey [Channel Islands], reported 
 
 taken, 60. 
 
 Jerusalem, letters dated at, 113, 
 137, 180, 190, 191, 236, 278, 
 355, 372, 514. 
 places in : 
 
 the brook Cedron, 190, 236. 
 Convent of the Nativity of 
 
 Saint John Baptist, 193. 
 Convent of our Saviour, 191. 
 Garden of Gethsemane, 191. 
 gate of, 192. 
 
 Greek Church, 192, 305. 
 The Holy Sepulchre, 190, 
 191, 193. 
 
 , Temple and Church of, 
 
 191, 192, 193. 
 
 -, chapels &c., in, 
 
 191, 192. 
 
 , , model of, 180, 
 
 190, 191, 203, 236. 
 
 Holy Sepulchre or Mount 
 Zion, Guardians of (Fran- 
 ciscan Fathers), 292. And 
 see Velles, Fra Eusebio ; 
 Polizzi, Francesco Maria. 
 
 , , letters from, 355, 
 
 369, 514. 
 
 -, letter to, 405. 
 
 , , protection begged 
 
 for, 113, 114, 137, 138, 142, 
 145, 369, 373, 515. 
 
 -, annoyed by the 
 
 Greeks, 373. 
 
 , Cavalier of, 114. 
 
 , pilgrim to, 447. 
 
 , President of. *SeeBurgo, 
 Fra Bonaventura de. 
 
 Mount Calvary, 190-192, 369. 
 
 Mount Olivet, 192. 
 dangers of the road to, 394. 
 disturbances at, 113, 114, 
 
 142. 
 Patriarch of, 231, 233. 
 
 , letter to, 304. 
 
 places in " usurped " by the 
 
 Greek Church, 192. 
 Protector of. See Finch, 
 
 Earl of Winchilsea. 
 the Roman rite in, 192. 
 travellers to or at, 113, 218, 
 
 249, 348, 416, 491. 
 Jesuit Fathers. Sec Gruobort. See 
 
 Roy.
 
 672 
 
 Jesuits, 45, 452. 
 
 difference between their doc- 
 trines and those of the Sor- 
 bonists, 66. 
 and priests to leave England, 
 
 255, 256. 
 
 in Smyrna, 238, 480. 
 Jew or Jews, 107, 120, 158, 236, 
 
 252, 264, 373, 374, 452. 
 blue shoes worn by, as a 
 distinguishing mark, 380, 
 418. 
 
 execution of, 316. 
 a prophet of, 410. 
 at Smyrna, 93, 174, 367. 
 at Tangier, 280. 
 Jewish : 
 
 midwife, a, ignorance or malice 
 
 of, 459. 
 
 slaves from Poland, 459. 
 Joan, 480. 
 Joliffe, John, letters from, 361, 411, 
 
 413. 
 
 letter to, alluded to, 227. 
 Jones : 
 
 Captain, 120. 
 
 Giles, English consul at Venice, 
 213, 214, 222. 
 
 , letter from, 286. 
 
 -, alluded to, 396. 
 
 -, letters to, 182, 300. 
 
 Judaea, mountain of, near Jerusalem, 
 church on, 192. 
 
 Juxon, William, Archbishop of Can- 
 terbury, letter to, 147. 
 
 K 
 
 Kalliack, Monsieur, Governor of 
 
 Boulogne, 14, 15. 
 
 Kanisia, fort on the borders of Hun- 
 gary, built by Count Isdring, 
 
 190, 196, 211. 
 relief of, by the Turks, 327. 
 Karrygro, camp at, letter dated at, 
 
 7. 
 
 Kashan, Persian Court at, 449. 
 Kaz Dagh (Causdog), mountains of 
 
 [i.e. Mount Ida, Turkey-in- 
 
 Asia], 270. 
 Cadi at, ibid. 
 
 Kees, Thomas, letter to, 5. 
 Kelwey, Master, commissioner for 
 
 stipends &c., 1. 
 Kemer (Chemar) [Turkey -in- Asia], 
 
 270. 
 
 Kempthorne, Captain, 179. 
 
 loyalty of, 180. 
 Kendal, Duke of (son of- the Duke 
 
 of York), death of, 472 (2), 
 
 473, 485. 
 Kenilworth (Kenelworth), proposed 
 
 visit of Queen Elizabeth to, 
 
 10. 
 
 Kennington, the parsonage of, 268. 
 Kensington, 229, 457, 468. 
 
 letters dated at, 76, 408, 409. 
 Kensington House [now Kensington 
 
 Palace], Sir Heneage Finch's 
 
 house, 404, 479. 
 Kent, 26, 34, 124. 
 
 assessments in, 29. 
 beacons &c. in, care of, 4. 
 Commissioners for Musters in, 
 
 letter to, 3. 
 county forces of, 43. 
 , captains for, to be no- 
 minated, 34. 
 
 Deputy Lieutenants of, com- 
 missions to, 34, 509. 
 
 , letter to, 208. 
 
 Justices of the Peace in, letter 
 
 to, 1. 
 
 Knights of the Shire for, 120. 
 Laths in, 29. 
 
 Lieutenancy of, 226, 227. 
 Lord Lieutenants of. See 
 
 Brooke, Lord Cobham ; Finch, 
 
 Earl of Winch ilsea ; Wrio- 
 
 thesley, Earl of Southampton ; 
 
 Stuart, Duke of Richmond. 
 Lord Winchilsea's estates in. 
 
 See under Finch, Heneage. 
 
 house in. See Eastwell. 
 
 tenants in, 395. 
 
 men of, to be ready for defence 
 
 of the realm, 3, 4, 5. 
 militia of, 208. 
 
 , list of, 419. 
 
 musters in, 34. 
 
 provost marshals in, 29. And 
 
 see Nevinson, Thomas. 
 Sheriff of, letter to, 1. And 
 
 see Finch, Sir Moyle. 
 trained bands of, 34, 42. 
 
 , captains of, 42, 43. 
 
 travellers to or from, 22, 216, 
 
 237. 
 young gentlewoman of. See 
 
 Browne. 
 Kent, East, deputy lieutenants of, 
 
 29. 
 Khor, death of the King of Persia at, 
 
 453. 
 
 King's evidence, falsified, 433. 
 King's Lynn (Norfolk), letter dated 
 
 at, 37. 
 merchants of, ibid.
 
 573 
 
 ICing's Wood, Nacolt [qy. Knock- 
 holt],' 395. 
 Kingswood [Gloucestershire], " The 
 
 Chase," at, 73 (3), 74 (3). 
 Kiuprili (Cuperli) : 
 
 Mohammad, Vizier Azem, or 
 Grand Vizier of Turkey, 91, 
 99, 101, 121, K6, 134, 142, 
 144, 145, 152, 166 (2). 
 
 , letter from, 95. 
 
 , character, policy and am- 
 bitions of, 96, 97, 135, 
 195. 
 
 , credentials for Lord Win- 
 
 chilsea sent to, 80. 
 
 , English slaves set free by, 
 
 110. 
 -, orders or commands of, 
 
 91. 
 
 -, barbarous orders of, allu- 
 
 ded to, 198,240. 
 -, palace of, 105. 
 
 , steward of, 322. 
 
 , son of. See Kiuprili, 
 
 Ahmad, below. 
 , audience of the Earl of 
 
 Winchilsea with, 94, 96. 
 , his hatred towards the 
 
 French, 105. 
 , in relation to the French 
 
 ambassador, 105. 
 , promises his support to 
 
 Lord Winchilsea, " in renew- 
 ing the capitulations," 110. 
 , his long-continued power, 
 
 112. 
 - in relation to the King of 
 
 Egypt, 118. 
 , age and infirmities of, 119, 
 
 147, 152, 159. 
 , advice of, to the Grand 
 
 Signer, 168. 
 , death of, 162 (2), 167, 
 
 172. 
 Ahmad, son of the above, Grand 
 
 Vizier of Turkey, 177, 182, 
 
 186, 198, 201, 226, 232, 233, 
 
 336, 345, 368, 370, 371, 374, 
 
 377, 385, 394, 404, 430, 442, 
 
 453, 489, 516, 521. 
 
 , letter from, 232. 
 
 , letters to, 162, 168, 198, 
 
 282, 345, 400, 429. 
 
 , alluded to, 204, 490. 
 
 , his camp, 374. 
 
 , his character, 168, 172, 
 
 175, 195, 460, 522. 
 
 , his chief counsellor, 197. 
 
 , commands or orders of, 
 
 233, 355, 416, 417. 
 
 , , alluded to, 425. 
 
 -* , court of, 383. 
 
 Kiuprili, Alimad con/. 
 
 , executions by, 282. 
 
 , his forces, on the frontier, 
 
 327. 
 , matters to be put before, 
 
 163, 368, 369. 
 , in relation to the Emperor, 
 
 146, 196, 197. 
 
 , succession of, 162, 168 (2). 
 
 -, and the Earl of Winchil- 
 
 sea, 175,250,368,385. 
 , his hatred of the Christians, 
 195 (2), 203. 
 -, secretly has designs for 
 
 war, 196. 
 -, his enemies in Constanti- 
 
 nople, 197. 
 , causes the Christian 
 churches to be demolished, 
 197. 
 -, and orders the chief of the 
 
 masons to be strangled, 1 98. 
 -, liberation of prisoners 
 
 demanded from, 199. 
 -, in relation to the French 
 
 and the French ambassador, 
 204, 364, 365, 402, 406, 407, 
 430, 431, 452, 489. 
 -, in relation to the Bassa 
 
 and Emyn at Aleppo, 218, 
 219, 223, 224, 374, 376, 377, 
 382, 385, 408. 
 
 , movements of, 286, 350, 
 360, 372, 374, 375, 382, 383, 
 389, 393, 407, 430, 481. 
 , ill-feeling towards, 301. 
 -, as leader of the Turkish 
 
 forces, 332. 
 
 , will probably pardon the 
 
 Prince of Moldavia, 341. 
 
 , French courier sent to, 
 
 350. 
 
 , surrender of Candia de- 
 manded by, 385. 
 
 , views the entrance of 
 
 Count Lesley, 386. 
 , to command expedition 
 against Candia, 394. 
 , honour shown by, to the 
 Prince of Moldavia, 416. 
 , at Candia, 488, 489. 
 -, and the Sultan's other 
 
 ministers, 622. 
 Knatchbull, Sir Norton, letter from, 
 
 509. 
 Knevet, , steward to the Earl of 
 
 Winchilsea, 138. 140. 
 Kurds (Churts, Curdi), the, their 
 
 country, 219, 228. 
 King of, and his daughter, 219.
 
 574 
 
 Lacy, John, of the King's Company 
 
 of Actors, ballad by, alluded 
 
 to, 433. 
 La Ferte sur Tonarre [France], Duke 
 
 of Mayne reported as going 
 
 to, 30. 
 
 La Forrest, " dominus," a French- 
 man, recommended, 260, 
 
 261. 
 La Hay, Baron, a Scotchman. See 
 
 Hay. 
 La Haye : 
 
 [Jean de.] French ambassador 
 
 in Turkey, 117, 119, 121, 
 
 139. 
 , imprisonment of, 97, 99, 
 
 105. 
 , departure of, 117, 121, 
 
 130, 135, 154. 
 
 , alluded to, 226, 252. 
 
 , kinsman of. See Palliau. 
 
 , in relation to the office of 
 
 mediator between Turkey and 
 
 Venice, 131. 
 [Denis de,] son of the above, 
 
 ill-usage of, 97, 105, 240. 
 , to succeed his father as 
 
 ambassador, 198, 204, 226, 
 
 240, 365. 
 , in Turkey, 402, 404, 
 
 423, 444, 446, 489. 
 
 , letter from, 515. 
 
 , stormy audience of, with 
 
 the Vizier, 406, 407. 
 
 -, untrue accounts of, 
 
 alluded to, 430. 
 , designs of, against Eng- 
 land, 428. 
 
 , druggerman of, 340, 341. 
 
 , imprisonment of, 407. 
 
 , movements of, 416, 417, 
 426. 
 
 , new articles demanded by, 
 
 432. 
 
 - , opposition of, to the am- 
 bassador from Genoa, 442. 
 446, 447, 452. 
 
 , payments demanded from, 
 452. 
 
 , in relation to the pro- 
 tection of foreigners, 427, 
 429. 
 
 , slight offered to, by the 
 Dutch Resident, 488. 
 
 Laigny [France], the French King 
 
 at, 30. 
 Lake: 
 
 Richard, factor at Aleppo, 183. 
 
 Mrs., 63. 
 Lamb, Dr. [or Sir John], 62. 
 Lambert, John, reprieve of, 213. 
 Lancashire, a lady of. See Apsfield, 
 
 Mrs. 
 Lance, John, 248. 
 
 letter to, 106. 
 
 money borrowed from, 230. 
 Lane: 
 
 Sir George, 156. 
 
 , letter from, 157. 
 
 , to, lol. 
 
 [Jane,] said to be the mistress 
 
 of Charles II, 65. 
 Richard, letter signed by, 58. 
 Langham : 
 
 Joseph, factor at Smyrna, letters 
 
 signed by, 148, 169. 
 Thomas, factor at Aleppo, 
 
 letter signed by, 216. 
 Langley : 
 
 Alderman John, 170. 
 
 , letters from, 412, 435. 
 
 , son of. See Langley, 
 
 Richard. 
 Philip, 73. 
 
 , petition of, 74. 
 
 Richard, factor, and afterwards 
 
 treasurer at Smyrna, 169, 
 
 329, 412, 417, 436, 491. 
 , " business " between Mr. 
 
 Barnardiston and, 496. 
 , father of. See Langley, 
 
 John. 
 
 , letters from, 478, 484. 
 
 signed by, 113. 
 
 , in relation to Armenians, 
 
 480. 
 -, former servant of. 
 
 See 
 
 Davies. 
 
 Languedoc, protestants in, 71. 
 
 Lannoy (La Noye), Benjamin, Eng- 
 lish consul at Aleppo, 176, 
 
 233, 271, 345, 429. 
 complaints against, 164, 165. 
 complaint of, alluded to, 223. 
 janissary of, 214, 215. 
 letters from, 95, 106, 124, 141, 
 
 151, 162, 194, 199, 209, 212, 
 214 (2), 216 (2). 222, 224, 228, 
 
 234, 236-238, 243, 249, 256, 
 257. 260. 262, 272, 273 (2), 
 278 (2), 282, 285, 288, 293, 
 298, 300, 304, 306, 310, 313, 
 314, 323, 326, 329, 334, 343- 
 345, 347 (2), 348, 355, 356, 
 363, 365, 372 (2), 373 (2), 376, 
 383, 402, 404, 407, 410,
 
 575 
 
 Lannoy, letters from con/. 
 
 413-416, 420, 425, 429, 433, 
 
 435, 438, 446, 449, 453, 458, 
 
 465, 474, 477, 480, 482, 491, 
 
 493, 502, 506. 
 
 , alluded to, 288. 
 
 letters to, 487, 512. 
 
 , alluded to, 514. 
 
 letter of the factory signed by, 
 
 182. 
 
 not signed by, 194. 
 
 messengers from, 373, 376. 
 
 in relation to Messrs. Turner 
 
 and Bernardiston, 348. 
 and the protection of strangers, 
 
 258. 
 
 Lardizaval. See Ardizaval. 
 Larissa (Larnissa), Greece, letter 
 
 dated at, 263. 
 travellers to, 430, 516. 
 La Rochelle (Rochell) [France], 20. 
 Latin or Roman Church, the Holy, 
 
 292, 297, 371, 384, 393, 451. 
 in Scio. See Scio. 
 Latin : 
 
 Fathers. See Basra. See 
 
 Tabriz, 
 language, the, 244, 477. 
 
 , distiches written in, 431. 
 
 , letters or documents 
 
 written in, 19, 99, 136, 138, 
 
 146, 156, 197, 205, 209, 217, 
 
 220 (5). 221, 239, 244. 260, 
 
 261, 398, 401, 470. 
 
 -, alluded to, 137,138. 
 
 -, secretary must be able to 
 
 write, 241. 
 -. spoken, 448. 
 
 rite, the, 334, 336. 
 Lauderdale, Earl of. See Maitland, 
 
 John. 
 Lavall, Monsieur de, 63. 
 
 brother of. ibid. 
 
 Lavardin (La Verdyn), Marquis of, 
 suburbs of Paris seized by, 
 30. 
 
 Lawrence [Capt. Henry], 82. 
 
 Lawson, Sir John, Vice-Admiral, 
 
 commands the Mediterranean 
 
 fleet, 119, 160, 199, 213, 265, 
 
 268, 279, 283, 299, 303, 324. 
 
 answers of the Spanish Admiral 
 
 to, 281. 
 applauds the services of the 
 
 Earl of Winchilsea, 279. 
 assists in directing the con- 
 struction of the Mole at 
 Tangier, 264, 280. 
 letters to, 202, 268, 325. 
 his meeting with the French 
 
 fleet, 220. 
 in Portugal, 283. 
 
 Lawson, Sir John cont. 
 
 negotiations and treaties of, 
 with the Moore, 202, 205, 
 243, 246. And see Algiers, 
 recalled from the Mediter- 
 ranean, 338, 353. 
 his successor in command, 248, 
 
 And see Smith, Sir Jeremy, 
 his success with the " Alger- 
 
 ines " alluded to, 325. 
 Laxton, Thomas, factor at Smyrna, 
 
 169. 
 
 Layton, Lady, 25. 
 Leake, Lady, daughter of, 63. 
 Lee, Thomas, requests, signatures 
 
 &c. of, 73, 74. 
 
 Leghorn or Livorno (Legorne, Lig- 
 orne) [Italy], 75, 108, 143, 
 187, 264, 275, 347, 397, 416, 
 473, 481, 519. 
 consul of. See Read, 
 goods or merchandise for or 
 
 from, 93, 310, 326, 417. 
 letters addressed to, 230, 239, 
 251, 254, 341, 398. 
 
 from, 359. 
 
 , alluded to, 503. 
 
 merchants of or at, 231, 400. 
 And see Browne and Co. ; Clut- 
 terbuck ; Man, George ; Man, 
 James (jun.); Mico. 
 ships for, from, or at, 223, 228, 
 410, 446, 479. 
 
 embargoed by the Turks, 
 
 491, 494 (2), 496. 
 
 taken by the Venetians, 
 
 500. 
 travellers to or from, 107, 265, 
 
 360. 
 
 Leicester, Earl of. See Dudley. 
 Leigh, Mr., of Rochester, 42. 
 Lely (Lilly), Peter, afterwards Sir 
 
 Peter, sittings to. 433. 
 Lema, Don Antonio do, a " consider- 
 able person for estate," 
 410. 
 
 Lenten provisions, order for, 335. 
 Leopolis, Lemberg [Austria], letters 
 dated at, 220(3). 
 merchant of. See Gardin. 
 Lerici [Italy], 519, 520. 
 L'Escluse, castle of, near Geneva, 
 description and history of, 
 69. 71. 
 
 Lesley (Losly, Lashly), Walter, 
 Count. Governor of Slavonia 
 and ambassador extraordin- 
 ary from the Emperor to 
 Turkey, 158, 350. 358, 359, 
 367, 368, 382, 384, 388, 401, 
 412, 427, 444. 
 complaint against, 481.
 
 576 
 
 Lesley, Walter, Count cont. 
 
 letters to, 158, 221, 242, 374, 
 432, 457. 
 
 , alluded to, 434. 
 
 movements of, 283, 374, 384, 
 386, 387, 392-394, 398, 402, 
 418. 
 
 nephew of. See Hay, Baron. 
 
 offices of, at the Imperial Court, 
 177. 
 
 train of, gentleman enlists in. 
 See Howard, Henry. 
 
 in relation to the affairs of Scio, 
 393, 399. 
 
 said ix> be designed as ambas- 
 sador for England, 398. 
 
 death of, rumoured, 372. 
 Leslie, John, Earl of Rothes, ap- 
 pointed commissioner in Scot- 
 land, 263, 298. 
 
 Levant, the, trade in, 82, 139. 
 Levant or Turkey Company : casual 
 allusions, passim. 
 
 action of, in relation to Mr. 
 Masters' estate, 235. 
 
 affected by the fire of London, 
 438. 
 
 their capitulations, alluded to, 
 418. 
 
 Chancellor of, in Turkey, 128. 
 
 chaplain appointed by, 371. 
 And see Luke. 
 
 charter of, 136. 
 
 , clause in, 164. 
 
 charters of, alluded to, 381, 390, 
 391, 414. 
 
 consulships under the control 
 of, alluded to, 89. 
 
 Court of Assistants, 236, 290, 
 293, 318. 
 
 demands and complaints of, 91, 
 309, 317, 318. 
 
 , alluded to, 411, 421. 
 
 desire the removal of Dr. Picker- 
 ing, 471. 
 
 difference between Sir Thomas 
 Bendyshe and. See Ben- 
 dyshe. 
 
 financial affairs of, 139, 361, 
 429, 436. 
 
 and the Earl of Winchilsea. See 
 Finch, Heneage. 
 
 Governor of. See Riccard. 
 
 interests of, 267, 319, 425, 518. 
 
 interference of, with the pro- 
 ceedings of the ambassador, 
 235. 
 
 lawsuit prosecuted by, alluded 
 to, 438. 
 
 letters from, 144, 163. 
 
 , alluded to, 137, 174, 207, 
 
 234, 342, 343, 383, 412, 417. 
 
 Levant or Turkey Company 
 cont. 
 
 letters to, 80, 90, 389. 
 
 , alluded to, endorsed or 
 
 copied, 97, 327, 391, 393. 
 -, to be sent to, 316. 
 
 oath required by, 260, 272, 
 289, 307, 371. And see 
 Aleppo and Smyrna. 
 
 offices performed for, 309, 321, 
 454. 
 
 orders of, 210, 272, 289 307, 
 410, 417. 
 
 , expected, 476, 477, 
 
 484. 
 
 their parsimony, 177, 182, 333, 
 379, 389. 
 
 past transactions of, alluded to, 
 318. 
 
 question as to the power of the 
 ambassador in Turkey to 
 dispose of their funds, 290, 
 314, 318, 319, 356-358, 378 
 et seq., 411, 418, 421, 422, 
 423. 
 
 seal of, 81. 
 
 secretary of Lord Winchilsea 
 highly esteemed by, 438. 
 
 trade of, 417, 421, 454. 
 
 treasurer of, in Constantinople, 
 379. 
 
 in relation to John Broadgate. 
 See Broadgate. 
 
 - the Church, 389, 390, 
 411. 
 
 consulage, 93, 289, 313, 
 
 361. 414. 
 
 - Consul Cave, 363, 364, 
 377, 378. 
 
 - the consulship at Smyrna, 
 179, 187. 
 
 the Earl of Winchil- 
 
 sea's salary and expenses, 
 177-180, 186 (2), 187, 207, 
 219, 292-294, 297, 301, 317- 
 321, 339, 361, 364, 379, 418, 
 421. 
 
 the election of chaplains, 
 
 326, 327, 334. 
 John Evans. See Evans. 
 
 the factors or factory at 
 
 Aleppo, 194, 270, 271. 
 
 - at Smyrna, 136, 148, 
 1 95, 1 96, 203. And see Aleppo 
 and Smyrna. 
 
 the King (Charles II), 257, 
 
 293, 379. 
 
 Levellers, the, 120. 
 Leverton, Nicholas, letter signed by, 
 
 58. 
 
 Lewa, Turkish forces defeated at, 
 328.
 
 577 
 
 Ley: 
 
 James, Earl of Marlborough, 
 278. 
 
 in or leaving India, 243, 
 
 273. 
 
 returning to India, 284. 
 
 Monsieur de la, 476. 
 Libanus, Mount, 425. 
 Ligne, Monsieur de, 363. 
 Limerick, county of, 7. 
 Lincolnshire, fens of, great drains of, 
 
 392. 
 
 Lionno, [Hugues] de, French Secre- 
 tary, paper by, 61 3. 
 Lisbon, 85, 101, 135, 138, 158, 281. 
 Bishop of, his advice to the 
 King, 283. 
 
 , his house broken into, 
 
 284. 
 
 described, 83, 84, 283, 284, 285. 
 Earl of Sandwich at, or going to, 
 
 143, 160. 
 embarkation of Queen Catherine 
 
 at, 189. 
 
 English ambassador in, un- 
 necessary, 258. 
 English consul in. See May- 
 
 nard. 
 
 invasion of, feared. See Spain, 
 letters dated at, 83 (2), 84, 85, 
 
 87, 283. 
 
 Master of the Ceremonies at, 85. 
 Road of, ships in, 189. 
 travellers to, 83, 87, 431. And 
 see Winchilsea, Earl of ; 
 Rycaut, Paul. 
 Lisle or Lille [Flanders], valiant 
 
 sally from, reported, 481. 
 Listar, Mr., 41. 
 Lister, Matthew, consul in Cyprus, 
 
 190. 
 
 letter from, 263. 
 Livornese, the, 332. 
 Livorno. See Leghorn. 
 Lloyd, Richard, commission counter- 
 signed by, 27. 
 Loan or loan money, 8. 
 
 collector of, 8. 
 Loe, Mr., marine factor at Scande- 
 
 roon, 238, 476. 
 at Aleppo, 365. 
 Loire (Loyre), the river, 61. 
 Lojano (Lijana) [Italy], 75. 
 Lombardy, 150. 
 
 Lomeru'e, [Henri de, Comte de 
 Brienne] French Secretary, 
 pass countersigned by, 58. 
 London, casual allusions, passim. 
 Aldermen of, 35. 
 Bishops of. See Henchman, 
 Humphrey ; and Sheldon, 
 Gilbert. 
 
 Wt. 29495. 
 
 London conL 
 
 business done faster in Turkey 
 
 than in, 423. 
 christenings in, holy oil sent 
 
 from Paris for, 64. 
 City of, elections in, 116. 
 
 , money lent by, 338. 
 
 , outbreak of " fanatics " 
 
 in, 101. 
 -, rebuilding of, 438, 476. 
 
 entry of Swedish ambassador 
 into, 161, 170. 
 
 execution at, picture of, 64. 
 
 fire of, 434, 436, 437, 438, 446, 
 449. 
 
 , eye-witness of. See Ry- 
 caut. 
 
 , reported cause of, 450. 
 
 -, report of the Dutch con- 
 
 cerning, 476. 
 goldsmiths' work in, 17. 
 insurrection in, suppressed, 130. 
 Kensington, near. See Ken- 
 sington. 
 
 Kong to be addressed at, 455. 
 letters &c. dated from, passim. 
 Lisbon " as English as," 83. 
 Lord Mayor of (1553), 3. 
 mutiny in, suppression of, 112. 
 plague ("death") in, 7, 394, 
 395, 398, 403, 404, 405, 406, 
 408, 412, 427, 436. 
 Portuguese ambassador in, 133. 
 " print " (newspaper) of, 116. 
 quarrel between ambassadors in, 
 
 160, 198. 
 rebellion in, 113. 
 Swedish ambassador in, 160. 
 travellers to and from, passim. 
 
 , Royal, to, 275. 
 
 Venetian resident in, 121, 122, 
 
 153, 155, 160. 
 
 streets, houses and buildings 
 in Westminster and : 
 
 Berkshire House, letter 
 
 dated at, 434. 
 Blackfriars, house of Lord 
 
 Cobham in, 35. 
 Cannon (Chanon) Row, 
 
 letter dated at, 21. 
 Charing Cross, letters dated 
 
 at, 242, 295. 
 
 Cheapside (Chepe), Queen 
 
 Mary proclaimed in. 2, 3. 
 
 Cock-pit, letter dated at, 
 
 299. 
 
 Essex House, 82, 217, 
 470. 
 
 , letters dated at, 79 
 
 (2), 170. 
 
 Fleet prison, prisoners in, 
 26.
 
 578 
 
 London, streets, houses and buildings 
 in Westminster and cont. 
 
 Graves Inn [i.e. Grays 
 
 Inn], 39. 
 Heneage House, letters 
 
 dated at, 24, 25. 
 Inner Temple Lane, letter 
 
 addressed to, 468. 
 Inns of Court, 35. 
 Newgate, 142. 
 Parliament House, 44. 
 Redcross Street, 38. 
 Royal Exchange, the (new), 
 
 to surpass " the former," 
 
 476. 
 St. Bartholomew's, house 
 
 of Sir Heneage Finch in, 
 
 44. 
 St. Helen's, parsonage of, 
 
 appointment to, 409. 
 St. Paul's, 108. 
 , Te Deum at, on Queen 
 
 Mary's proclamation, 3. 
 Somerset House, prepared 
 
 for Henrietta Maria (the 
 
 Queen Mother), 206. 
 Southampton House, letters 
 
 dated at, 154, 436. 
 Strand, the, Sir William 
 
 Cecil's house in, letter 
 
 dated from, 8. 
 Temple, the, 220, 467. 
 
 , lodgings in, 446, 467 
 
 (2), 468 (2). 
 
 , member of, 6. 
 
 , reader at, 40. 
 
 Hall, 40. 
 
 -, the Inner, letters ad- 
 
 dressed to, 41, 467, 468. 
 -, dated at, 490. 
 
 -, tutor of, 39. 
 
 Tower, the, 61, 142, 274. 
 
 , letters dated at, 1, 33. 
 
 , prisoners in. 62, 173. 
 
 , , to be taken to. 
 
 See Bristol. Earl of. 
 
 , Records at, Keeper 
 
 of. See Boyar, William. 
 Tower Hill, 170. 
 
 Wharf, 170. 
 
 Westminster Hall, 390. 
 Worcester House, letters 
 dated at, 81, 256, 299, 
 358. 
 Longeville, Duke of, Governor of the 
 
 castle at Dieppe, 60. 
 Lord Chamberlain. See Darcy, 
 George ; Hunsdon, Henry, 
 Lord. 
 
 Lord Chancellor, 33. And see Hyde, 
 Sir Edward; Bridgeman, Sir 
 Orlando. 
 
 Lord High Admiral. See Admiral 
 
 Lord High. 
 Lord Lieutenants, commissions of, 
 
 expiration of, 207 
 Lord Privy Seal. See Russell, John, 
 Earl of Bedford ; Robartes, 
 Lord. 
 
 Lords, House of [Charles I], 49. 
 conference of, with the 
 
 Commons, 47. 
 [Charles II], 101. 
 
 agreement of, with the Com- 
 mons, 311. 
 
 charge exhibited in, 274. 
 in relation to the impeach- 
 ment of the Earl of Clar- 
 endon, 486. 
 
 judgment given in, allu- 
 ded to, 510, 511. 
 letter to, alluded to, 1 56. 
 loyalty of, to the King, 188. 
 petition preferred in. See 
 
 Skinner. 
 
 restitution of Bishops to, 1 30. 
 Speaker of, pro tempore. See 
 
 Bridgeman. 
 title of, 148. 
 Loreo [Italy], 76. 
 Loretto [Italy], 76. 
 Lorraine (Lorayne), Duke of Guise in, 
 
 22. 
 
 dukedom of, 195. 
 Louis XIV. See France. 
 Louises (base French money), 91, 93. 
 
 to be forfeited, 91. 
 Louvain (Loveyn) [Brabant], repor- 
 ted to be taken by the Prince 
 of Orange, 20. 
 
 Love, Alderman William, 120. 
 letters from, 356, 358, 437. 
 
 , alluded to, 378, 417. 
 
 , quoted, 382. 
 
 to, alluded to, 422. 
 dispute of, with the Earl of 
 Winchilsea and the Consul of 
 Smyrna, 356, 357, 377, 378, 
 380, 382. 422. 
 to be punished, 396, 407. 
 cousin of. See Uvedale, Richard. 
 Lovelace, Sir William, the elder, 42. 
 
 the younger, 42. 
 Lowe, Alderman Thomas, appointed 
 
 collector of loan, 35. 
 receipt signed by, idim. 
 Lowther : 
 
 Christopher, factor at Constan- 
 tinople, 171. 
 Mr., 224. 
 
 Lucas, Sir Jarvis, Governor of Bom- 
 bay, messengers &c. from, 
 466, 475, 480f 
 death of, 507.
 
 579 
 
 Lucca (Luca), [Italy], good family in, 
 
 419. 
 
 Lucy, Thomas jun., factor at 
 Smyrna, letter signed by, 
 148. 
 
 death of, 329. 
 Luke [John], chaplain at Smyrna, 
 
 360, 362, 371, 389, 471. 
 goes to Jerusalem, 491. 
 Lybia, 225. 
 Lyme [Regis], Dorsetshire, a ship of, 
 
 28. 
 
 Lynn. See King's Lynn. 
 Lyons (Lions), 60. 62. 75, 239. 
 description of, 68. 
 Bishop of, passport for, deman- 
 ded, 30. 
 
 M 
 
 Maas, (Maez), the river, ships from, 
 
 311. 
 
 Macassar [Celebes Island, East 
 Indies], taken by the Dutch, 
 124, 151. 
 King of, 474. 
 
 , victory of, 450, 506. 
 
 Straits (Road) of, 124. 
 Macerata [Italy], 76. 
 MachiavelU, Niccolo, writings of, 
 
 alluded to, 458. 
 Macon (Mascon) [Franco], 68. 
 Mademoiselle (Coke ?), 491. 
 Madrid, 303. 
 
 Lord Sandwich at, 426. 
 negotiations at, alluded to, 432. 
 demur at, as to siiming treat v, 
 
 456. 
 
 English ambassador at, 520. 
 Magna Carta, alluded to, 381. 
 Magnesia, in Asia, 150. 
 Magny (Many) [France], 75. 
 Mahomet or Mohammad IV, Sultan 
 of Turkey (the Grand Signor) ; 
 casual allusions, 89-513 pas- 
 sim. 
 
 his affairs in Egypt, 118. 
 aid demanded against, 304. 
 his ambassadors in England, 
 
 tayin provided for, 351. 
 ambassador extraordinary from 
 the Emperor to. See Lesley, 
 his army, 460. 
 , clothing for, 298. 
 
 Mahomet, Sultan of Turkey (the 
 Grand Signor) cont. 
 
 capitulations between France 
 and, alluded to, 341. 
 
 characteristics of, 319, 322, 460, 
 519. 
 
 clerk of his kitchen, officer ap- 
 pointed by, 452. 
 
 compared with his predecessors, 
 319. 
 
 copy of Lord Winchilsea's cre- 
 dentials sent to, 80. 
 
 courtesy of, to the Prince of 
 Moldavia, 416. 
 
 description of his person, habits, 
 household &c., 521-523. 
 
 disavows the piracies of Bar- 
 bary, 200. 
 
 his dislike of Constantinople, 
 327. 346, 365. 
 
 his dissatisfaction -with the 
 Grand Vizier, 309. 
 
 document sent to, error in, 
 alluded to, 231, 275, 286. 
 
 his dominions, 91. 254, 428. 
 
 Embassy to, from Poland, re- 
 lation concerning, 472. 
 
 and the English ambassador, 94, 
 93, 245, ^301. 
 
 English capitulations with, 167, 
 175. 
 
 , alluded to, 384. 
 - ship, in danger of being 
 made a magazine for. 511. 
 
 favourite of. See Adrianople, 
 Chimacam at. 
 
 friendly relations between Eng- 
 land and, 130, 134, 267, 291, 
 296, 304, 314, 406, 458. 
 
 his galleys, 110. 
 
 his harem or women, chief 
 eunuch of [Kislir Aga], 182. 
 
 hattasheriffe desired from, 236. 
 
 illness of, 444. 
 
 his interest and revenue, 
 alluded to. 385. 
 
 letter from, to Charles II, 95. 
 
 letters to, alluded to, 131, 204, 
 296, 490. 
 
 , expected, 51 6. 
 
 his love of hunting, 370, 498. 
 
 ministers or officers of, 181, 
 187, 245, 319. And see 
 Turkey, ministers of. 
 
 movements or proposed move- 
 ments of, 146, 150, 258, 286, 
 336, 350. 384, 386, 389. 398, 
 407, 453, 499. And see 
 Adrianople, Grand Signor at. 
 
 , enquiry concerning, 299. 
 
 new ambassador from England 
 to be introduced to, 502.
 
 580 
 
 Mahomet, Sultan of Turkey (the 
 Grand Signor) cont. 
 orders or commands of, 92, 247, 
 
 282, 313, 318, 383, 430, 452, 
 
 499, 516. 
 
 orders from Cromwell to, al- 
 luded to, 318. 
 pirates permitted to arm at his 
 
 ports, 425. 
 petition to, 191. 
 presents to, 110, 282, 451, 
 
 452. 
 ratification of treaties by, with 
 
 Tunis, Algiers andTripoli,246, 
 
 266-268, 291, 295, 325. 
 his reception of the Genoese 
 
 ambassador, 452. 
 relations of, with France and the 
 
 French King, 291, 350, 452. 
 Russian envoy to, 452. 
 his service, ships needed for, or 
 
 released from, 95, 394, 428, 
 
 494, 496, 503. 
 slave to, 613. 
 title given to, 127. 
 his treasuries, 97. 
 tribute of Christian children in 
 
 Greece taken by, 412. 
 father of. See Ibrahim, 
 mother of, 316. 
 son of, Mustafa, birth of, 316, 
 
 322. 
 , festivals held, to celebrate, 
 
 316, 324. 
 brothers of, kept in captivity, 
 
 316. 
 
 , suggested murder of, al- 
 luded to, 522. 
 sisters of, 118. 
 and Transylvania, 128, 220. 
 chances of war between the 
 
 Emperor and, 133, 139, 140, 
 
 145, 146, 147, 149, 153, 159, 
 
 195. 
 war between the Emperor and, 
 
 139, 140, 275, 291, 327. 
 Algiers declares its indepen- 
 dence of, 163. 
 in relation to Algiers, 176, 200, 
 
 243, 276, 294. 
 relations between the Emperor 
 
 and, 206, 211, 221, 225, 322, 
 
 339, 432. 
 seizes the " vast wealth " of the 
 
 Chancellor, 282. 
 in relation to Venice, 286, 
 
 458. 
 proposed mediation between 
 
 Venice and. See tinder 
 
 Turkey, 
 in relation to Candia, 286, 386, 
 
 430, 501. 
 
 Mahomet, Sultan of Turkey (the 
 Grand Signor) cont. 
 requests the aid of England 
 
 against the Venetians, 291. 
 his successes against Germany, 
 
 exaggerated report of, 309. 
 ambassador brings congratula- 
 tions to, 309. 
 
 treaty of peace between the 
 Emperor and, alluded to, 345, 
 367, 432. 
 views the entrance of Count 
 
 Lesley, 386. 
 and the " scale " of English 
 
 shipping, 408. 
 
 relations and warfare between 
 Bassora and, 410, 415, 447, 
 453, 497, 507. 
 prospect of civil war between 
 
 Tartary and, ended, 416. 
 
 in relation to Poland, 426, 508. 
 
 former ambassador from, to the 
 
 Great Mogul, alluded to, 451. 
 
 in relation to the Tartars and 
 
 Muscovites, 452. 
 possibility of his attacking 
 Cattaro, alluded to, 498, 499. 
 Mahomet, the Prophet, 506. 
 Mahometans : 
 
 natives in India made to turn, 
 
 506. 
 
 from Tunis, 100. 
 Maidstone [Kent], 109. 
 
 regiment belonging to, 509. 
 Maidstone, Lord. See Finch, 
 
 William. 
 Viscountess of. See Finch, 
 
 Elizabeth. 
 Mailly, M. de, Governor of Montre- 
 
 ville, 15. 
 
 Maitland, John, Earl of Lauderdale, 
 Secretary of State for Scot- 
 land, letter to, 397. 
 letter countersigned by, 169. 
 Malabars, the, 450. 
 Malaga (Mallago) [Spain], 86, 264, 
 
 278. 
 
 fleet from, convoy for, 415, 416. 
 refugees at, 265. 
 Malgara or Malagra [Turkey-in- 
 
 Europe], 269. 
 
 Mallett, John, petitions of, 73, 74. 
 Malta, 413, 443, 452. 
 
 arrival of the Countess of Win- 
 
 chilsea at, 493. 
 galleys of, 100, 263. 
 Grand Master of. See tinder 
 
 Saint John of Jerusalem. 
 Knights of. See St. John of 
 
 Jerusalem, Order of. 
 letter dated at, 519. 
 pirates of, 161, 262,
 
 Maltese, the, Turks given up to, 100. 
 
 ship taken by, 108. 
 Man: 
 
 George, merchant of Leghorn, 
 
 81. 
 
 James, a London merchant, ibid. 
 James (jun.), merchant of Leg- 
 horn, ibid. 
 
 Mandrahoria, brigands near, 484. 
 Manhood (Manhod) [Justice Roger], 
 
 22. 
 
 Manilla [Philippine Islands], repor- 
 ted capture of, 324. 
 Manners, Mr.. 6, 10. 
 Mansfeld [Mansell, Maunsfeld], 
 Count Ernest of, Protestant 
 General in Germany, 47, 48. 
 Manwood : 
 
 Sir Peter, 42. 
 Mr., 4. 
 Lady, 25. 
 Marcellini or Masselini, Dr., 155, 
 
 156, 240, 432. 
 Marchio, Vincentio, recommended, 
 
 418. 
 
 Margate, Kent, ship at, 26. 
 Mariage, Monsieur, 476. 
 Marialva, Marquis de, 283, 284. 
 Marlborough, Earl of. See Ley. 
 Marne, the river [France], 32. 
 Marseilles (Marceilles, Marsiglia) 75, 
 106, 120, 153, 170, 230, 340, 
 363, 408. 
 castles of, 425. 
 
 consuls at. See Cogell ; Cols- 
 ton, 
 letters from, 278. 
 
 , alluded to, 414, 425. 
 
 merchants of, 123, 124. 
 ships to or from, 120, 482. 
 value of " Temins " at, 450. 
 Mart, letters of, issued by the 
 
 Dutch, 354. 
 Martin, steward to the Earl of 
 
 Winchilsea. 124, 290. 
 letters to. 104, 248. 
 Mary, the Blessed Virgin : 
 Assumption of, 192. 
 Holy Sepulchre of. 190-192. 
 house of the Nativity of, 192. 
 picture of, 57. 
 Mary, Princess, afterwards Queen, 
 
 declared to be a bastard, 2. 
 letters from, 3, 4. 
 proclamation by, 2. 
 signatures of, 3, 4. 
 persons present at the proclama- 
 tion of, 3. 
 Mary, Queen of Scots, 6. 
 
 and the Duke of Norfolk, 9. 
 proposed visit of M. de 
 Poigny to, ibid. 
 
 Mary, Queen of Scots con*. 
 
 interview in Paris concerning, 
 
 19. 
 
 party of, wax unruly, 20. 
 Mary, Princess Royal of England, 
 wife of the Prince of Orange, 
 death of, 101. 
 Mason, Sir John, 3. 
 Massugre, General, in Batavia, 
 
 509. 
 Masters, Mr., a London merchant, 
 
 estate of, 234, 235. 
 Matthews, Sir Philip, letter from, 
 
 372 
 
 aUuded to, 434. 
 Mausier, a ship's captain, 59. 
 Mayence or Mentz, 76. 
 
 Bishop of, 355. 
 Maynard, Thomas, English consul 
 
 in Lisbon, 83. 
 suggested as agent, 86. 
 visit to, 281. 
 sent to the English soldiers at 
 
 Evora, 284. 
 
 in relation to the Earl of Win- 
 chilsea, 285. 
 his secretary, 284. 
 Mayne or Maine: 
 
 Due de, [temp. Eliz.], 30. 
 
 commission to, 31. 
 
 in connexion with Paris, 
 
 32. 
 
 Dieppe besieged by, 60. 
 
 Duchess of, message from, 
 
 32. 
 Mayne, Dr. [Jasper], canon of Christ 
 
 Church, Oxford, 216, 443. 
 Mazaret, a Turkish official at 
 
 Smyrna, 176. 177. 
 Mazarin, Jules, Cardinal, death of, 
 102, 107. 
 
 , alluded to, 161. 
 
 " maxim " said to have been 
 
 followed by, 458. 
 library of, 63. 
 
 McDonnell, Randall, Marquis of 
 Antrim, his answer to charge 
 against him, 286. 
 Mead, , 454. 
 
 Meaux [France], Henry IV near, 32. 
 Monsieur do Guitry sent to, 30. 
 Mecca (Media), 233, 475. 
 
 balsam, 451, 473. 
 
 Mechlin (Machlyn) [Brabant], re- 
 ported to be taken by the 
 Prince of Orange, 20. 
 Medici, Catherine and Mary de 1 , 
 Queens of France. See France. 
 Mediterranean, the, 157. 
 
 English fleet in, or going to, 
 129, 141, 153, 200, 268, 295, 
 299, 303.
 
 582 
 
 Mediterranean, the, English fleet in, 
 or going to cont. 
 
 , commanders of. Sec 
 
 Lawson, Sir John ; Smith, Sir 
 Jeremy ; Montagu, Earl of 
 Sandwich. 
 
 recalled from, 338. 
 
 English possessions on, 149. 
 ships trading in, proposed im 
 
 position on goods in, 293. 
 trade and affairs in, 213. 299. 
 Dutch losses in, 277, 354. 
 French preparations for, 180. 
 De Ruyter summoned from, 
 
 353. 
 
 Meilleraye (Mylleray), Monsieur de, 
 holds the castle and old 
 palace in Rouen, 32. 
 Melford, co. Suffolk, letter dated 
 
 from, 7. 
 Mellish : 
 
 H., letter to, 251. 
 Mr., 361, 384. 
 Robert, 384. 
 
 William, factor at Aleppo, 182. 
 Melo, Mello, Don Francesco de 
 (formerly Portuguese ambas- 
 sador in England), 83, 84, 86, 
 87. 
 
 his secretary. See Russell. 
 Memorandums touching the Ttirkish 
 Empire, paper entitled, 521. 
 Menet, John, 460. 
 Mennes (Mins, Mince), Sir John, 
 Comptroller in the Navy 
 Office, his squadron, 181. 
 fleet convoyed by, 418. 
 Mersh, Mr., 8. 
 Mersham Hatch, letter dated at, 
 
 509. 
 
 Mesopotamia, journey into, 272. 
 Messenger : 
 
 Mr., Under- Secretary to Queen 
 
 Henrietta Maria, 65. 
 Captain John, 397. 
 Messina [Sicily], 128, 415. 
 
 frigate Plymouth before, 87, 88. 
 
 letters dated from, 88, 89, 90. 
 
 from, alluded to, 101, 116, 
 
 519. 
 
 Lord and Lady Winchilsea at, 
 
 89, 90. 
 
 Stratago of. See Villa Padioma. 
 Motchalopatan, Dutch factory at, 
 
 besieged, 475. 
 Me trust, Monsieur, 68. 
 Mexico, 289. 
 
 coins of, duties to be paid in, 425. 
 Meyer, Martine de, Vice-Consul at 
 Tripoli in Syria, letter from, 
 271. 
 his need of assistance, 273. 
 
 Michell, Stephen, commander of 
 
 the Goodwill, 100. 
 Mico, William, letters to, 230, 254, 
 259, 308, 316, 332, 334, 340, 
 347, 370, 399. 
 
 Middelburg (Myddelborough), Zee- 
 land, 27. 
 
 Middleton, John, Lord, the King's 
 Commissioner in Scotland, his 
 deposition, 263, 298. 
 Mignet. Father, a Carthusian, 63, 66. 
 Milan (Millane), 72, 157, 421. 
 Mildmay (Mildmey) : 
 
 Sir Walter, Commissioner for 
 
 stipends &c., 1. 
 Sir William (Mr.), Chancellor of 
 
 the Exchequer, 10. 
 Militia, the, the King's rights in 
 
 relation to, 154 
 bill for. passed by the King, 
 
 200. 
 
 new Act concerning, 206 (2). 
 Minnes or Myngs, Sir Christopher, 
 
 death of, 419. 
 
 Moate (Mote) [Kent] seat of the 
 Earl of Winchilsea, letter 
 dated at, 419. 
 letter addressed to, 26. 
 Park, timber in, 184, 186, 268. 
 Mocha [Arabia], stones brought 
 
 from, 365. 
 
 Mogul, the Great. See Aurungzebe. 
 Moldavia, 445, 496, 517, 521. 
 
 merchant in. See Sympson, 
 
 Patrick. 
 
 potashes transported from, 202. 
 pretended envoy from, 448, 
 
 450. 
 
 Moldavia, Prince and Vaivode of : 
 [Stephen Basilius], 169, 170. 
 
 , letter from, 146. 
 
 , as son of Prince Lupoli 
 
 alluded to, 472. 
 [Eustacius Dabisa], 231, 341. 
 
 letters to, 194,260. 
 
 [George Duca], new Prince of, 
 416, 432, 434. 
 
 , letter to, 410. 
 
 , as " the old Prince " of, 
 
 allusion to, 448. 
 
 (Duca Bej) presents sent 
 
 by, alluded to, 521. 
 , restored (Doc., 1668), letter 
 
 to, 517. 
 , predecessor of. Sec Eliasco 
 
 Voda. 
 -, chief secretary of, letter 
 
 from, 521. 
 [Eliasco Voda], 452, 459, 481. 
 
 , letter to, 502. 
 
 , bad treatment of the 
 
 English under, 518.
 
 Moldavia, Prince and Vaivode of : 
 [Eliasco Voda] cont. 
 
 , presents sent by, alluded 
 
 to, 521. 
 
 " tlie expulsed Prince " [Stefano, 
 usurper, deputy of the old 
 Prince Lupoli]. 464, 481, 498. 
 -, desire for his restoration, 
 
 alluded to, 442, 472. 
 , history of, narrated, '472. 
 -, master of [Prince Lupoli], 
 
 alluded to, 472. 
 Molino (Molini), Signor Sebastian, 
 
 letters to, 141, 188. 
 Molins, Mistresses, 62. 
 Moluccas (Malacas) or Spice Islands, 
 [East Indian Archipelego], 
 151, 324. 
 
 Monck, Monk, George, 1st Duke of 
 Albemarle, High Admiral, 80, 
 112, 135, 426. 
 
 chaplain to. See Frampton. 
 Guards of, 130. 
 illness of, 185. 
 letters from, 299. 
 
 to, 112, 127, 185. 
 
 , , alluded to, 130. 
 
 regiments of, 94, 130. 
 
 secretary of. See Clarke. 
 
 in relation to the Mole at 
 
 Tangier. 280. 
 wounded, 426, 427. 
 Mongiardini, Matteo, letter from, 349. 
 Mons [Hainault], report of a battle 
 
 at, 20. 
 
 Montagu, Edward, 1st Earl of Sand- 
 wich, as ambassador extra- 
 ordinary to Madrid, 426, 432. 
 in command of fleet for Portugal 
 and Tangier, 136, 143, 160. 
 commission of, to towns on the 
 Mediterranean, 129, 134, 153, 
 159, 173. 
 fleet commanded by, 337, 352, 
 
 354, 395, 396. 
 letters from, 142, 213. 
 
 , alluded to, 172. 
 
 letters to, 172 (2), 177. 
 
 , alluded to, 184, 202. 
 
 , mentioned, 268. 
 
 as Master of the Great Ward- 
 robe, 160. 
 
 movements of, 181, 189. 
 as Vice- Admiral, 118. 
 Montagu. Walter, abbot [of St.Martin, 
 
 near Poiitoise], 64. 
 Montague. Viscount. See Browne. 
 Mont bard (Monbard) [France], 67. 
 Monte Negro or the Black Mountain 
 [Morea], British sailors landed 
 at, 201. See Morea. See 
 Ships, Anne frigate. 
 
 Montereau (Montreau) [France], 66. 
 Mont Hall, Sir Thomas Smith's 
 house, letter dated from, 12. 
 Montreville : 
 
 Governor of. See Mailly, Mon- 
 sieur de. 
 traveller to, 15. 
 Montrose, Marquis of. See Graham, 
 
 James. 
 
 Moore, John, of Canterbury, 28. 
 Moors, the : 
 
 a Chief of. See Guiland. 
 in the East, 209, 306, 442, 473. 
 piracies of, 83. And see 
 
 Algiers. 
 
 at Tangier, defeat of, 276, 279, 
 282. 
 
 , British forces surprised 
 
 by, 324. 
 
 peace concluded with, 281. 
 Morat Bassa's bridge, 391. 
 
 repair of, requested, 95, 351. 
 Mordaunt, Henry, Earl of Peter- 
 borough, 470. 
 to take possession of Tangier, 
 
 160. 
 
 goes as Governor to Tangier, 
 173, 181, 188. 
 
 , alluded to, 279. 
 
 returning to Tangier, 205. 
 Morea [Greece], 127, 198, 254, 499. 
 Bassa of, 199. 
 
 , complaints against, 198, 
 
 201. 
 
 , letter to, 201. 
 
 -, officers of. See Durach 
 
 Bey ; Zachari Effendi. 
 Cadi of, 199. 
 English sailors taken captive in, 
 
 198, 201, 226. 
 
 , ransom of. 226. 
 
 , , alluded to, 290. 
 
 mountains of, 219. 
 Turkish army going into, 407. 
 Moresino, Cardinal, 29. 
 Moreton. Master, chaplain to Lord 
 
 Shrewsbury, late Master of 
 
 the College of Newport, 1. 
 Morgan, Captain Daniel, 500, 511. 
 troublesome conduct of, 501, 
 
 503, 509. 
 
 warrant to be sent to, 499. 
 Morice. Sir William, Secretary of 
 
 State, 111, 153, 157, 222, 
 
 241. 
 letters from, 128, 188. 2.1.1, 
 
 263. 274, 297, 302, 311. 336, 
 
 352, 419, 437, 485, 49'J. 503. 
 letters to, 112, 177, 241, 249, 
 
 258, 322. 472, 488, 508. 
 
 . mentioned, 184, 268, 332. 
 
 letter countersigned by, 214.
 
 584 
 
 Morosini, Signer, Venetian ambassa- 
 dor in England, 134. 
 
 Mortazza, Bassa of Babylon, threa- 
 tens Turkey, 168. 
 as late Bassa, rumours of his 
 
 revolt, 211. 
 
 flies to the King of the Kurds 
 (Churts) and marries his 
 daughter, 211, 219. 
 capture and execution of, 228. 
 
 Mosendrone [Persia ?], Persian army 
 at, 449. 
 
 Moses, on Mount Sinai, alluded to, 
 85. 
 
 Moulins [France], 75. 
 
 Moura Cortereal. Don Manuel de, 
 Marquis de Castel Rodrigo, 
 Spanish Lieut. -Governor in 
 the Netherlands, permit 
 issued by, 59. 
 
 Mowsse, Richard, treasurer to the 
 factory at Smyrna, letters 
 from, 310 (2). 
 
 signed by, 300. 
 
 his conditions with the Levant 
 
 Company, alluded to, 417. 
 consulage claimed by, 355. 
 
 Moyle, Sir Thomas, letters to, 1, 4 
 (3), 5. 
 
 Moyse, Solomon de, 95. 
 
 Mozambique, 399. 
 
 Muccia (Mouchia) [Italy], 76. 
 
 Munich (Monaco) [Bavaria], 76. 
 
 Miinster, Bishop of, 355, 404. 
 
 !__ army of, command of, 404. 
 r levies made by, 505. 
 
 Munster, Captain of. See Fitz- 
 gerald, James Fitzmaurice. 
 
 Murad, Sultan of Turkey. See 
 Amurath. 
 
 Muscat [Arabia], Arabs at, or from, 
 
 161, 465. 
 
 corn purchased at, 306. 
 pilgrimage to, 449. 
 threatened by the Dutch, 449. 
 in relation to the Portuguese, 
 466, 475. 
 
 Muscovites, the, in arms against the 
 Tartars, 259. 
 
 Muscovy. See Russia. 
 
 Mussell, Mufti of, 355. 
 
 Mustafa I, Sultan of Turkey, time 
 of, peace concluded in, al- 
 luded to, 320. 
 
 Mustafa, son of the Sultan, 522. And 
 see Mahomet, son of. 
 
 Myers, Alexander, factor at Smyrna, 
 148, 169. 
 
 Myngs. See Minnes. 
 
 N 
 
 Nacolt [qy. Knockholt], 395. 
 Namur (Namures), Netherlands, 22. 
 Nantes [France], 65. 
 Nantua [France], 69. 
 Naples, 35, 421. 
 
 English consul at. See Bruno, 
 islands near, 521. 
 letters dated at, 520 (2). 
 suggested ambassador to, from 
 
 Spain, 520. 
 
 proposed salt works at, 520. 
 kingdom of, 183. 
 
 Nassau, Prince Maurice of, ambassa- 
 dor extraordinary to Eng- 
 land (1661), 102. 
 Navarre, Henry, King of, 31. 
 Navy, the, 96. 
 
 heresy preached in, 322. 
 increased activity concerning, 
 
 456. 
 
 strength of, 118, 370, 371. 
 Summer guard, 337. 
 supplies voted for, 173. 
 office, the, comptroller in. See 
 
 Mennes, Sir John. 
 Nazareth [Palestine], convent and 
 
 church at, 192, 193. 
 Druses (Dreuisi) at, 192. 
 Negropont. See Eubcea. 
 Nemours [France], 75. 
 Netherlands, the United Provinces 
 of or the Low Countries : 
 in relation to ^France. See 
 
 under France. 
 " addresses " from France to, 
 
 504. 
 
 Duke of Buckingham in, 48. 
 form of prayer for, protested 
 
 against, 263, 264. 
 lands of the Knights of Malta 
 
 possessed by, 505. 
 miserable condition of, 48. 
 Portuguese ambassador in, 
 
 treaty with, 136. 
 strife in, 49. 
 treaty with. 102, 117, 160, 136. 
 
 , concluded, 243. 
 
 West India Company of, com- 
 plaint from, 352. 
 States General of, 59. 
 , ambassador from, to Eng- 
 land, 485.
 
 585 
 
 Netherlands, States General of cont. 
 
 , , to Turkey, 97, 99, 1 10. 
 
 , complaint to, 352. 
 
 Netherlands, Spanish, Lieutenant- 
 Governor of. See Moura Cor- 
 tereal. 
 
 Neuburg, Duke of (1665), 355. 
 Neuhausel. See Ursek Ujvar. 
 Nevinson, Thomas, to be Provost 
 
 Marshal in Kent, 29. 
 New Amsterdam. See New York. 
 New Castles, the [Turkey], the 
 
 Grand Vizier goes to, 119. 
 New England, news from, 339. 
 New Forest, the, King Charles hunts 
 
 in, 275. 
 Newhaven (in France). See Havre 
 
 de Grace. 
 
 Newman, John, factor at Aleppo, 
 afterwards Lord Winchilsea's 
 secretary, 182, 512. 
 recommended to Lord Winchil- 
 
 sea, 477, 481. 
 
 is ready to come to Constanti- 
 nople, 482. 
 New Netherlands, part of New 
 
 England now so called, 339. 
 Newport : 
 
 (Salop), late College at, 1. 
 
 , Master of. See Moreton. 
 
 Isle of Wight, Parliament Com- 
 missioners at, 59. 
 Newspapers : 
 
 Dutch Gazette, 427. 
 Foreign Gazette [Dutch], 431. 
 Italian Gazettes, 430. 
 Newton, John, 73. 
 
 petitions of, 73, 74 (2). 
 New York, New Amsterdam re- 
 named, 339. 
 Niccolls, Thomas, factor at Aleppo, 
 
 letter signed by, 183. 
 Nicholas : 
 
 Sir Edward, Secretary of State, 
 103, 111, 112, 123, 126, 145, 
 152, 157, 177, 181, 186, 188, 
 194. 
 
 , letters from, 81, 82, 116, 
 
 118, 133, 153, 159, 172, 176, 
 177, 180, 187, 199, 205, 221, 
 242, 295. 
 
 -, alluded to, 145, 179, 
 
 210. 
 
 , , lack of, complained 
 
 of, 124. 
 
 , letters to, 84, 88, 118-120, 
 
 123, 127, 130, 140, 149, 154, 
 157, 159, 167. 171, 172, 175, 
 177, 178, 181, 183, 186, 190, 
 195, 197, 200, 204, 206, 210, 
 211, 213, 218, 227, 230-232, 
 235, 246, 268. 
 
 Nicholas, Sir Edward, Secretary of 
 State, letters to cont. 
 , , alluded to, 121, 128, 
 
 132, 167, 171, 219, 226, 251. 
 
 , cipher used by, 80. 
 
 , copy of letter sent to, 97. 
 
 , correspondence of Lord 
 
 Winchilsea with, alluded to, 
 
 235. 
 , documents countersigned 
 
 by, 75, 81, 82, 135. 
 , news sent by, alluded to, 
 
 by his son, 206. 
 
 , pension for, 221, 242. 
 
 -, conferences of, with the 
 
 Venetian resident, 155. 
 
 , his retirement from office, 
 
 221, 235. 
 
 , , alluded to, 242, 246. 
 
 , to remain in the Privy 
 
 Council, 222, 243. 
 
 , his successor, as Secretary 
 
 of State. See Bennett. 
 
 , illness of, 242, 243. 
 
 , hopes that Lord Winchil- 
 sea may obtain the Garter, 
 287. 
 Sir John, letters from, 160, 206. 
 
 , letter to, 186. 
 
 , father of. See Nicholas, 
 
 Sir Edward. 
 
 Lady, message from, 117. 
 Nico, a groom, reward for, 290. 
 Nicolai, a pretended envoy (former 
 servant to the Prince of 
 Wallacliia), 448. 
 Nicoll, Richard, factor at Aleppo, 
 
 letter signed by, 216. 
 Nieuport (Newport) [Flanders], ru- 
 mour that it is to be ceded 
 to England, 397. 
 Nightingale, Gamaliel, factor at 
 
 Aleppo, 182, 373, 415. 
 letter from, 222. 
 letters to, 217, 230, 369. 
 oath taken by, 260. 
 treats for the release of a 
 
 merchant, 420, 421. 
 Nimeguen (Nimegen) [Netherlands], 
 
 76. 
 
 Nissa [Servia], 375. 
 Norfolk : 
 
 Duke of. (See Howard, Thomas. 
 Howard of. See Howard, 
 
 Henry. 
 
 Norris. Norrys : 
 Edward, 26. 
 (Noris), Sir Henry, ambassador 
 
 to France, 15, 16. 
 North: 
 
 Dudley, 3rd Lord, 384. 
 Sir Dudley, ibid.
 
 586 
 
 North cont. 
 
 Mr., son of the preceding, 384. 
 
 Dudley, factor at Smyrna, 
 letter signed by, 300. 
 
 Roger, 2nd Lord, 40. 
 Northampton, dismantled, 206. 
 Northampton : 
 
 Marquis of. See Parr, William. 
 
 Marchioness of, secretary of, 35. 
 Northumberland : 
 
 Duke of. See Dudley. 
 
 Earl of. See Percy, Algernon. 
 Norton, Sir Thomas, 42. 
 Norway, great port of. See Bergen. 
 Norwich, 67. 
 
 committee at, 78. 
 Novigrade [Hungary], 327. 
 Noyers (Noye) [France], 67. 
 
 Oatlands (Otlands) [Surrey], the 
 
 court at, 6. 
 
 Queen Elizabeth going to, 26. 
 O'Brien : 
 
 Murrough, 1st Earl of Inchiquin, 
 commands English troops for 
 Portugal, 189, 2 14. 
 
 , capture of, by the Moors, 
 
 alluded to, 82. 
 
 , ransom of, 133. 
 
 William, Lord O'Brien, son of 
 the above, afterwards 2nd 
 Earl of Inchiquin, capture of, 
 by the Moors, 82, 101, 143. 
 
 , ransom of, 133. 
 
 , servants of, 82, 143. 
 
 Odemira, Conde de, governor to the 
 young King of Spain, 85, 86. 
 letter to, 99. 
 entertains the Earl of Winch il- 
 
 sea, 85, 86, 87. 
 
 Oggiono, Father Isidore di, Guardian 
 of the Holy Land, letter from, 
 278. 
 
 letter to, 294. 
 
 Oguenda, Don Michael de, injuries 
 done to English shipping by, 
 281. 
 Oliva, Monsieur (at Smyrna), 176, 
 
 177. 
 Onslow, Richard, factor at Smyrna, 
 
 169, 498. 
 
 letter signed by, 148. 
 letter from, 307. 
 Opdam, Dutch Lieutenant-Genoral, 
 
 his ship blown up, 375. 
 reported killed, ibid. 
 
 Orange, Prince of : 
 
 [William of Nassau, " the 
 Silent "], towns reported to 
 be taken by, 20. 
 [Maurice of Nassau], death of, 
 
 alluded to, 48. 
 
 [William of Nassau, afterwards 
 William III of England], 129, 
 264, 326, 455. 
 
 , "huge Court " paid to, 
 
 by the Dutch, 388. 
 Orange, Mary, Princess of [Princess 
 Royal of England], death of, 
 94. 
 
 Orleans, letters dated at, 38. 
 Orleans : 
 
 [Philip,] Duke of, 107. 
 
 , residence of, 63. 
 
 , in relation to Monsieur 
 
 Tavanier, 439. 
 Duchess of. See Henrietta 
 
 Anne. 
 Princess Marguerite Louise of, 
 
 marriage of, 107. 
 Ormond, Earl, Marquis and Duke of. 
 
 See Butler, James. 
 Osborn, Osborne : 
 Mr., 6, 13, 25. 
 
 William, factor at Galata, 437. 
 Osimo, Fra Santo di, his commission 
 
 in Jerusalem, 218. 
 Osman I, Sultan of Turkey, declara- 
 tion to, alluded to, 318. 
 peace between Poland and, 
 
 alluded to, 320. 
 Ossat, Cardinal d', as agent in Italy, 
 
 409. 
 
 letters of, commended for peru- 
 sal, 409, 414. 
 Ostend [Flanders], 120, 394. 
 
 rumour that it is to be ceded to 
 
 England, 397. 
 ship of (the Ostender), 59. 
 Otricoli [Italy], 76. 
 Ottoman court, Emperor &c. See 
 
 Turkey. See Mahomet. 
 Oudart, Nicholas, appointed Latin 
 Secretary to Charles II, 431. 
 letter from, 431. 
 letter to. alluded to, 84. 
 Oudenarde or Audenard [Flanders], 
 reported to be taken by the 
 Prince of Orange, 20. 
 Ousloy, Mr., 17, 18. 
 Oxborough, Mr.. 37. 
 Oxenden or Oxinden, Sir Gcorgo, 
 President of Surat, 223, 36(5, 
 440. 
 
 letters and packets from, al- 
 luded to, 209, 210, 243, 273. 
 313, 329, 366, 440, 441, 442, 
 450, 453, 475, 493.
 
 587 
 
 Oxenden Sir George con/. 
 
 letters to, 396, 398, 399, 487, 
 
 508. 
 
 , alluded to, 330, 366, 404. 
 
 false packet delivered to, 439. 
 goods to be bought by, 451, 
 
 487. 
 
 presents to, 323. 
 his arrival at Surat, 243. 
 in relation to the East India 
 
 Company, 243, 244. 
 his prudence and good manage- 
 ment, 507. 
 Oxford, 414, 236, 451. 
 
 court to remove to, 395. 
 
 Duke of York at, 404. 
 
 King and Queen at, 404. 
 
 estate near, 208. 
 
 letters dated at, 4Q3 (2), 404, 
 
 443, 444. 
 
 parliament to meet at, 395, 404. 
 Oxford, University of, 212, 218,229, 
 
 359, 362, 409, 433, 467. 
 library of, 256, 358. 
 students at, 433. And see Finch, 
 
 Daniel. 
 
 Vice-Chancellor of. See Fell. 
 Wall lectures, 444. 
 Christ-Church College : 
 
 , atheistic " gang " at, 443. 
 
 , a commoner of. See 
 
 Bernard, William. 
 
 , Dean of. See Fell, Dr. 
 
 t Hall of, 237. 
 
 -, letter dated at, 401. 
 
 Earl of. See De Vere, Aubrey. 
 Ozov [Tartary], siege of, 259. 
 
 Pacifico, Father, letter sent by, 294. 
 
 Padishaw, Padisliah, Podeshaw [i.e. 
 Emperor], title in Turkey, 
 127, 406. 
 
 Padua or Padoua [Italy], 35, 75, 448. 
 
 Paget, William, Lord Paget, 3. 
 
 Painted Chamber, the. See West- 
 minster. 
 
 Palamut. brigands near, 484. 
 
 Palatinate [of the Rhine], 45. 
 
 Palermo [Sicily], letter addressed to, 
 
 89. 
 Viceroy of Sicily at, 90. 
 
 Pallavicina, Signora, marriage of, 
 arranged, 520. 
 
 Palliau, Monsieur de, recommended, 
 
 445. 
 
 Palm Sunday, procession on, 191. 
 Palmer : 
 
 Sir Thomas, 42. 
 Thomas, factor at Aleppo, 183. 
 Pamphlets. See Books. 
 Pantheon. See Rome. 
 " Pancher," a rotten wood, sup- 
 posed to be an antidote 
 against plague, 451, 452. 
 Papers of State, Archives of the, 
 treaty to be sought out in, 
 517. 
 
 Papists, Queen Mary's support of, 2. 
 laws against, 255. 
 Protestant religion struck at 
 
 by, 460. 
 
 Papozze (Papozzi) [Italy], 75. 
 Parham, Lord Willoughby of. See 
 
 Willoughby. 
 Paride Giustiniano, Giacomo Castello 
 
 and Co., letter from, 336. 
 Paris (Parris), 58, 65, 303, 446, 517. 
 ambassador at, from England. 
 See Holies. 
 
 , from Holland, 328. 
 
 , from Spain. See Fuen- 
 
 saldana, Count. 
 Archbishop of, 63. 
 civil strife in, 30. 
 compared with London, 60, 61. 
 description of, 60 et seq. 
 Cardinal Richelieu at, 65. 
 condition of, and diseases in, 61. 
 holy oil sent from, 64. 
 Jesuits in, 19, 64. 
 letters dated from, 16, 17, 18, 29, 
 204, 305. 
 
 addressed to, 341. 
 
 Parlement of, 61, 63. 
 
 , pretended arrest from, 61. 
 
 pen, basin, fork and knife from, 
 
 66. 
 
 physicians in, 61. 
 plague in, 509. 
 
 Queen Henrietta Maria and the 
 Princess Henrietta Anne at, 
 94. 
 
 suburbs of (St. Martin, St. 
 Denis, Montmartre, St. 
 Honore), 30. 
 
 travellers to, from and at, 60, 
 66 (2), 75, 238, 263, 456, 490, 
 493. 
 
 war proclaimed in, 414. 
 in relation to the Treaty of 
 
 Breda, 492. 
 return of disbanded soldiers to, 
 
 509. 
 streets, buildings &c. in : 
 
 Augustine Nunnery, 63, 64.
 
 Paris, streets, buildings &c. in 
 cont. 
 
 Bastille (Bastylle), the, 30, 
 
 64. 
 bridges in [Pont d'Oiseaux, 
 
 Pont Neuf], 61, 65. 
 the Bulwarks, 30. 
 Carthusian Monastery, 65. 
 Church of the Charit6, 
 64. 
 
 St. Denis, 60. 
 
 St. Louis (Jesuit), 66. 
 
 College of Bon Cceur, 61. 
 English Monastery, 61. 
 Faubourg (Fauxbourghs, 
 Faux Bourg), St. Jermin, 
 64. 
 
 , St. Marceau, English 
 
 Nunnery in, 61. 
 Gate of St. Anthony, 30. 
 Hospitals [Hostel Dieu, 
 
 Charite], 61, 65. 
 Irish College, 63. 
 Louvre, 65. 
 
 Navarre College Gate, 63. 
 Oratorian Chapel, 65. 
 Palais du Luxemburg!!, 63, 
 
 65. 
 
 Petit St. Anthony 's, guard of 
 five hundred horse at, 30. 
 Place Royal, 65. 
 Port Saint Denis, 60. 
 Port Saint Marceau, 60. 
 Sorbonne (Sorbon) College 
 
 and Chapel, 63, 66. 
 Paris, Mathew, writings of, cited, 
 
 409. 
 Paris in the Arches, near Smyrna, 
 
 406. 
 Parliament : 
 
 [of Charles I, 1625], notes of 
 proceedings and speeches in, 
 43 et seq. 
 
 , answer to the King de- 
 bated upon, 50. 
 Parliament, the Long, member of, 
 
 alluded to, 511. 
 
 (1658-9), members of (Parlia- 
 ment men), 76. 
 
 unsatisfactory state of, 
 
 77. 
 
 -, petition to, 77. 
 
 (1659, Richard Cromwell), Act 
 
 of, 78. 
 Parliament [of Charles II] : 
 
 Acts or bills before, or passed 
 by, 80, 94, 311, 315. 
 -, alluded to, 511. 
 
 -, repealed, 311. 
 
 Parliament [of Charles II] cont. 
 and the Church. See England, 
 
 Church of. 
 dissolved, 94. 
 (at Gloucester) answer sent by, 
 
 alluded to, 511. 
 to meet at Oxford, 395. 
 meetings or sittings of, 161, 172, 
 
 243, 254, 255, 311. 
 
 (prospective), 153, 164, 
 
 281. 
 
 , , alluded to, 140, 
 
 265, 302. 
 
 narrative sent to, 342. 
 
 Ordinance of, alluded to, 
 101. 
 
 petition to, proposed, 461, 463. 
 
 prerogatives of the Crown as- 
 serted by, 154. 
 
 prorogation or adjournment of, 
 200, 505, 517. 
 
 in relation to the King, 80, 188, 
 316. 
 
 to the aggressions of the 
 
 Dutch, 311, 337. 
 
 the presentation of livings, 
 
 327. 
 
 the Dutch war, 505. 
 
 Bishops regain their seats in, 
 
 148. 
 business before, 302, 437, 495. 
 
 rising of, alluded to, 455. 
 summoned, 116. 
 zeal of, 141. 
 
 Parma, Duke of, at Arras, 32. 
 
 Parost, Monsieur, steward to the 
 French ambassador at 
 Geneva, 69, 70. 
 
 Parr, William, Marquis of Northamp- 
 ton, 2. 
 
 Pathans or Patans, " a mountainous 
 people," rebel against the 
 Great Mogul, 493. 
 
 Patras [Morea], 201. 
 
 Pattava [? Batavia], great storm at, 
 475. 
 
 Paulo, Commander, 413. 
 
 Pearle, William, factor at Constan- 
 tinople, 81, 171. 
 
 Peckham, East. See East Peck- 
 ham. 
 
 Peers, House of. See Lords, House of. 
 
 Pekin, Dutch ambassador going to, 
 506. 
 
 Pembroke : 
 
 Earl of. See Herbert, Philip ; 
 
 Herbert, William. 
 Katherine, Countess of, petition 
 of, alluded to, 77. 
 
 Penley [Shropshire], letter dated at, 
 21. 
 
 Penn, Sir William, impeachment of, 
 505. 
 
 Penney, Captain, of the William and 
 Mary, 328.
 
 589 
 
 Penning or Pennyng : 
 
 Anthony, factor at Aleppo, 
 183. 
 
 Nicholas, of the Levant Com- 
 pany, 123, 165. 
 
 , letters from, 361, 454. 
 
 , letters to, 94, 186. 
 
 , , alluded to, 227. 
 
 Robert, factor at Smyrna, 169. 
 Pentlow, Samuel, factor at Smyrna, 
 107, 108, 114, 166 (2), 169, 
 174 (2), 178. 
 
 letter from, 108. 
 
 signed by, 148. 
 
 Pera of Constantinople, 126, 180, 
 
 187. 
 arrival and reception of the 
 
 Earl of Winchilsea at, 94, 95, 
 
 96. 
 
 letters dated at, 81 etseq. passim. 
 and Galata, factory at, letters 
 
 and declarations from, 171, 
 
 377. 
 Percy : 
 
 Algernon, Earl of Northum- 
 berland, letters from, 134, 
 
 272, 415. 
 
 to, 183. 
 
 Joscelyne, Lord Percy, son of 
 the above, Ids marriage with 
 the daughter of the Earl of 
 Southampton, 252, 272. 
 Perone, Antonio, Lord Winchilsea's 
 druggerman, 432, 478, 494. 
 letters to, 162, 166, 167. 
 Peroti, an Italian, 508. 
 Perrott (Parrett) : 
 
 Lady Dorothy (daughter of 
 Lady Essex), marriage of, 
 alluded to, 26. 
 Sir Thomas, committed to the 
 
 Fleet (Fleete), 26. 
 Persia, or the Persians, 151, 272, 
 435, 447, 449, 458, 460, 
 482. 
 
 agents in (Dutch), 439, 449, 466, 
 491. 
 
 (English), 449, 453. And 
 
 see Samwayes. 
 
 ambassadors to, from the Great 
 Mogul. See Aurungzebe. 
 
 corrupt and impoverished con- 
 dition of, 151. 
 
 English Resident in, 95. 
 
 fleet to be brought against, 306. 
 
 Grand Vizier of. See Ettoman 
 Doulatt. 
 
 and the Great Mogul, 475. 
 
 King of [Abbas II], 151, 162, 
 306, 439, 449, 466." 
 
 , ambassadors from, 124, 
 
 210, 309, 453. 
 
 Persia, King of [Abbas II] con/. 
 
 , in relation to the East 
 
 India Company, 151, 244. 
 
 , prepares for the reception 
 
 of the Russian ambassador, 
 367. 
 -, his preparations for war, 
 
 408, 439. 449. 
 , death of, 447, 453. 
 
 -, alluded to, 475. 
 
 , his eldest son crowned 
 
 King, 453. 
 
 new King of [Soliman"], crowned 
 under the name of his grand- 
 father, Shah Sopfe, 453. 
 
 , invades India, 466, 475. 
 
 , in relation to riots in 
 
 Gombroon, 476. 
 -, gives freedom to Tartar 
 
 See 
 
 prisoners, 491. 
 Russian ambassador to. 
 
 Russia, 
 silk trade between Russia and, 
 
 designed, 489. 
 successes of Turkey magnified 
 
 in, 309. 
 Sultan Sooje reported to have 
 
 gone to. See Sooje, Sultan, 
 travellers to or from, 363, 439, 
 
 495. 
 Persian : 
 
 caravans, 271, 496. 
 Court, the, 476. 
 
 poverty of, 151. 
 
 visitors to, 408, 439, 449. 
 
 Gulf 
 
 the, 365, 449, 465. 
 fleet for, 306. 
 trade in, 440. 
 lamb-skins, order for, 271, 406. 
 language, the, 363. 
 Persians, the, at Congo, alluded to, 
 
 466. 
 
 Peru, money from, " Perus," 289, 293. 
 
 Pescara, Marques de, proposed as 
 
 Spanish ambassador to 
 
 Naples, 520. 
 
 Peterborough, Earl of. See Mor- 
 
 daunt, Henry. 
 Petre (Peters, Potter), Sir William, 
 
 2, 3. 
 Petworth [Sussex], letter dated at, 
 
 272. 
 Peyton : 
 
 Sir John, letter to, 212. 
 Sir Thomas, knight of the shire 
 for Kent, 120. 
 
 , inf omiation received from, 
 
 207, 225. 
 
 , letter to, 207. 
 
 Philip II, King of Spain, as King 
 of England, goes to the war 
 in France, 3, 4,
 
 590 
 
 Philippopolis (Phillipoli), Turkey, 
 
 360. 
 
 letter dated at, 371. 
 Pickering : 
 
 Dr., 310, 480. 
 
 , case of, alluded to, 422. 
 
 , in relation to Lord Win- 
 
 chilsea and the Levant Com- 
 pany, 390. 
 
 , requested to leave Smyrna, 
 
 471. 
 
 , warrant against, alluded 
 
 to, 310. 
 
 Mrs., 471, 480, 483. 
 , servant to Daniel Finch, 
 
 467. 
 
 Picquet, Monsieur, previously French 
 consul at Aleppo, in relation 
 to M. Foulk, 330. 
 Pignarol, unfair possession of by the 
 
 French, alluded to, 458. 
 Pigu [India], 152. 
 Pinchbecke, Mr., 38. 
 Pirates, capture of, 26. 
 Pisa [Italy], 75, 520. 
 Pittman, , 22. 
 
 Plague, the. See Aleppo ; Amster- 
 dam ; Constantinople ; Eng- 
 land ; Heraclea ; London ; 
 Smyrna. 
 Plainpalais (Plainpalley), by Geneva, 
 
 Calvin buried at, 71. 
 Plessis, Armand Jean du, Cardinal 
 Richelieu. See Richelieu, 
 Cardinal. 
 Poigny (Poygni), M. de, mission of, 
 
 to Scotland, 9. 
 
 Poland, or the Poles, 137, 170, 247, 
 260, 413, 445, 452, 458, 459, 
 460, 472, 481. 
 
 ambassadors of, to Turkey, 
 alluded to, 163. And see 
 Turkey, 
 chances of war between Turkey 
 
 and, 230, 460, 497. 
 General of. See Potochi, Stanis- 
 laus. 
 Grand Chancellor of. See Praz- 
 
 mouski, Nicholas. 
 Internuntio from, in Turkey, 
 
 117, 119, 120. 
 invasion of, by Tartars, alluded 
 
 to, 460. 
 
 King of [Sigismond], peace 
 between the Sultan of Turkey 
 and, alluded to. See Amurath 
 III. 
 
 King of [John Casimir], 92, 
 126, 310. 
 
 , embassy from, to the 
 
 Grand Signor, relation con- 
 cerning, 472, 
 
 Poland, or the Poles, King of [John 
 Casimir] cont. 
 
 his forces, defeat of, 453. 
 
 -, alluded to, 460. 
 
 former gentleman of the 
 bed-chamber to. See Peroti. 
 
 and the French, 426. 
 
 letters from, 136, 220. 
 
 -- , alluded to, 464. 
 
 - to, 179, 261, 398. 
 
 refuses to give up a refu- 
 gee, 117, 120. 
 
 , his intentions with regard 
 
 See 
 
 of, 
 
 to accepting mediation, 508. 
 peace between Turkey and, al- 
 
 luded to, 320. 
 Prince of. See Zamoski or 
 
 Zamoisky, Joannes. 
 Russia and, 489, 498, 499. 
 Scottish merchant in. 
 
 Simpson. 
 slaves from, 495. 
 unsatisfactory condition 
 
 described, 459, 460. 
 Poleron, the Island of, held by the 
 
 Dutch, 305. 
 
 Polizzi, Fra Francisco Maria, 
 Guardian of Mount Sion, 
 letter from, 355, 369. 
 Pollart, Monsieur, a French banker, 
 
 468. 
 
 Polleroon, taken by the Dutch, 474. 
 Poll-tax, the, 456. 
 Polycarp, a disciple of, alluded to, 
 
 68. 
 Polydore [Virgil], writings of, cited, 
 
 409. 
 Pont-de-1'Arche (Pont de Larche), 
 
 Euro [Franco], 32. 
 Pontana, Friar Anthony, letter from, 
 
 113. 
 
 Pontoise [France], 75. 
 Poole, Captain Jonas, of the A nnc,l 98. 
 
 letter to, 227. 
 Pope, the : 
 
 [qy. Urban VIII], 85. 
 [Innocent X]. his nuncio, 63. 
 [Alexander VII], his ambassa- 
 
 dor in Franco, 415. 
 - , his gallies, a prisoner in, 
 332. 
 
 his need of Catholic aid, 
 
 , his relationship with 
 
 France, 221, 240, 263. 
 
 , in relation to bishops in 
 Portugal. 83. 
 
 [Clement IX], nephew of. See 
 
 Tpmaso, Don. 
 Porcat [Malabar Coast], 273. 
 
 factory of the East India Com- 
 pany at, 243, 329.
 
 591 
 
 Porcat [India] cont. 
 
 King over, "that King" threat- 
 ened by the Dutch, 329. 
 Porte, the, 75, 89, 107, 108, 111, 117, 
 
 121, 137, 139, 142, 144, 150, 
 
 168. 187, 191, 198, 201, 235, 
 
 246, 265, 288, 300, 343, 393, 
 
 402, 427, 429, 494, 515, 521. 
 
 And see Constantinople and 
 
 Turkey, Court of. 
 affairs of the Guardians of Jeru- 
 salem at, 142. 
 ambassadors or agents at, 112, 
 
 172, 266, 300, 518. And see 
 
 Turkey. 
 
 commissioner to. See Bonifacio. 
 English ambassador to. See 
 
 Winchilsea, Earl of. 
 
 , esteem shown to, 99. 
 
 French traders at, 117, 122. 
 officers of, 252. 
 orders from, 335. 
 
 , alluded to, 228. 
 
 , requested, 271, 513. 
 
 in relation to an ambassador 
 
 from Genoa, 394. 
 Portman, Lady (Mrs. Cutler), 468. 
 Portsmouth, ICO. 
 
 landing of Queen Catherine, and 
 
 her marriage with Charles II 
 
 at, 200. 
 the King (Charles II). going to, 
 
 275 
 
 Portugal, 65, 136, 173, 265, 433. 
 agreement between Holland and, 
 
 282. 
 
 ambassador to, 270. 
 ambassadors from, to England. 
 
 1 1 9, 1 33, 1 30. See also Sousa, 
 
 Melo, Torres, 
 army of, 284. 
 
 government in, changed, 283. 
 inclines to the French, 456. 
 Intanta of. See Catherine of. 
 
 Braganza. 
 
 the Infante Pedro of. 283. 
 King of [Alfonso VI], 172. 
 , in relation to his ministers 
 
 and the Bishop of Lisbon, 
 
 283. 
 , returning confidence in, 
 
 284. 
 , assisted by England, 189, 
 
 265. 
 , letters to, alluded to, 
 
 ^28 
 
 King of [John IV], 85, 86. 
 , correspondence between 
 
 Charles II and, alluded to, 
 
 83. 
 , revenue of bishops' estates 
 
 said to accrue to, 83. 
 
 Portugal cont. 
 
 preparations against, in Spain. 
 
 See Spain, 
 proposed ambassador from, to 
 
 Turkey, 147, 150, 159, 172. 
 Queen of, letter to, 99. 
 Queen-Mother of, 158. 
 
 , allowed no part in the 
 
 government, 283. 
 
 , and the Earl of Winchilsea, 
 
 83-86. 
 relations of, with England. See 
 
 England, 
 war between Spam arid. See 
 
 Spain. 
 
 Portuguese, the. 84, 87, 107, 480. 
 victory of, 265, 283. 
 affected by the taking of Cochin, 
 
 272. 
 
 in Tangiers, 280. 
 on the coast of Guinea, 305. 
 in the East, 410, 491, 506. 
 in India. See India, 
 in relation to the peace between 
 
 England and Spain, 456. 
 Portuguese Friars, 228, 230. 
 Possonia. See Pressburg. 
 Potashes, trade in, 92, 94, 95, 270, 
 
 271. 
 
 Potochi, Stanislaus, General of Po- 
 land, letter from, 220. 
 Pouldron, John, factor at Aleppo, 183. 
 Pownoll, J., letter from, 419. 
 Poynet, John, Bishop of Winchester. 
 
 2. 
 Poyntz : 
 
 Sir Nicholas, letters from, 21, 
 22, 23. 
 
 , his views on marriage, 21. 
 W., letters from, 24, 25, 26. 
 Prazmouski, Nicholas, Prazmon, 
 Nicolas a, Grand Chancellor 
 of Poland, letter from, 220. 
 Presbyterian minister. See Broad- 
 gate, John. 
 Presbyterians, 137, 197. 
 
 their hopes of a breach with 
 
 Holland, 206. 
 Presbytery, zeal for, 380. 
 Pressburg (Possonia), diet of, alluded 
 
 to, 211. 
 
 Prestwood, John, letter to, 249. 
 Priaulx, Robert, factor at Aleppo, 
 
 oath taken by, 238. 
 Price, Ensign Thomas, 475, 480, 482. 
 Prideaux, Paul, formerly Consul in 
 
 Smyrna, 123, 158. 
 
 Priests, Seculars and Regulars, quar- 
 rels between, 64. 
 
 Privy Council, the, 140, 382, 411. 
 clerk of, 5. 
 letters from, 1, 5.
 
 592 
 
 Privy Council, the cont. 
 
 letters to, 131, 139, 146, 177. 
 
 delivered to, 1 57. 
 
 lords of, meeting of, 22. 
 
 , views of, alluded to, 456. 
 
 matters to be laid before, 288, 
 
 298, 303, 361. 
 member of. See Nicholas, Sir 
 
 Edward, 
 to nominate captains for forces 
 
 in Kent, 34. 
 
 in relation to the Levant Com- 
 pany, 362. 
 
 Procita, Island of [Italy], 521. 
 Proger, Edward, groom of his 
 
 Majesty's bedchamber, 512. 
 letter to, 514. 
 
 Propaganda Fide, the, Sacred Con- 
 gregation of, communication 
 made to, 371. 
 
 Providence, Island of [or Sta. Cat- 
 arina, West Indies], letter 
 from Council of, 51. 
 letter dated at, 51. 
 narrative of proceedings in, and 
 Spanish attack upon, 51-58. 
 Spanish Governor appointed for, 
 
 53, 57. 
 
 bays, forts &c., in, 52-56, 58. 
 Provost Marshal, instructions con- 
 cerning, 29. 
 Purbeck, Lady, accusation against, 
 
 alluded to, 62. 
 Purforde, letter dated at, 22. 
 Puritanism, 198. 
 Pursor, Mr., a pirate, 26. 
 Pyne, Arthur, factor at Aleppo, 
 
 letter signed by, 216. 
 oath taken by, 238. 
 
 Q 
 
 Quakers, 143, 149, 360, 400. 
 
 refuse to take the oath of al- 
 legiance, 101. 
 
 imprisonment of, 101. 
 Quarante Echesia, 453. 
 
 Cadi of, ibid. 
 
 Queenborough (Quecnborowe), 26. 
 Quilon (Quiloan) [India], pearl 
 fisheries at, 209. 
 
 taken by the Dutch, 209. 
 
 R 
 
 Radzieuwski, Lord Hierome, Polish 
 
 ambassador to Turkey, 464. 
 Ragley, 404, 409. 
 Ragusa [Dalmatia], 158, 413, 449, 
 
 478. 
 
 ambassadors from, 224, 449. 
 people of [Raguseans], 239, 418. 
 rumoured earthquake at, 459. 
 ships of, 158, 224, 239, 361, 
 
 501, 502. 
 Rajapore [India], recovered by the 
 
 Kong of the Deccan, 440. 
 Ralegh : 
 
 Elizabeth, Lady, letter from, 33. 
 Sir Walter, 34. 
 Rama [Palestine]. 192. 
 
 church at, 193. 
 
 Ramadan, usurper in Algiers, 88, 89. 
 Ramazan, month of, fast during, 
 
 350, 523. 
 Rammekyns Castle, near Flushing, 
 
 27. 
 
 Rankadores or Roncadores, the, 
 islands in the Caribbean Sea, 
 52. 
 
 Rasponi, returns to Italy, 263. 
 Ratcliffe, Thomas, Earl of Sussex (in 
 command in the North), 
 money wanted for, 10, 11. 
 loyalty of, defended, 7. 
 secretary of, 39. 
 Ravenna [Italy], 76. 
 Ravenscroft (Ravescraft), Mr., 434, 
 
 451. 
 Read, Morgan, consul at Leghorn, 
 
 166. 
 
 letter to, 341. 
 Rebellion or insurrection : 
 in the North (1569), 7. 
 temp. Charles I. See Civil War, 
 
 the. 
 Records : 
 
 charges for " searches " amongst, 
 
 6. 
 
 Forest, are not to be found, 39. 
 Red Sea, the. 233, 286. 
 Rees [Germany], 7G. 
 Reigmor, servant of Lord Buckhurst, 
 
 17. 
 
 Reninghen, Simon, Resident from 
 the Emperor in Turkey, 99, 
 111, 147, 149, 195, 197, 225, 
 241, 245, 254. 
 letters to, 163, 254, 300, 349.
 
 593 
 
 Reninghen, Simon cent. 
 chaplain of, 137. 
 druggerman or interpreter of, 97, 
 
 140. 
 his friendship with Lord Win- 
 
 chilsea, 103. 
 fears there will be war, 106, 127, 
 
 219. 
 his good qualities and reputation, 
 
 127, 150, 158. 
 
 is pressed by the Turks to de- 
 clare whether it is to be peace 
 or war, 211. 
 
 attends the baptism of Lord 
 Winchilsea's infant son, 225. 
 as the late Resident, 432. 
 Resident, a, difference between an 
 ambassador and. See Am- 
 bassador. 
 
 Revoll, Monsieur de, 31. 
 Reynardson, Samuel, factor at Smyr- 
 na, 169. 
 
 letter signed by, 148. 
 Rheims (Rhemes), Archbishop of, 64. 
 Rhine, the, 254. 
 
 Elector Palatine of. See Char- 
 les Lewis. 
 Princes of, association of, 305. 
 
 , secret negotiations with, 
 
 505. 
 
 Rhone (Rhosne), the, 68, 70, 72, 75. 
 Ricaut. See Rycaut. 
 Riccard, Sir Andrew, Governor of the 
 Levant Company, 1 71 , 1 89, 363. 
 letters from, 361, 453. 
 
 , alluded to, 250. 
 
 letters to, 184, 227, 307. 
 
 message to, 488. 
 
 in relation to Lord Winchilsea, 
 
 227, 259. 
 Rich (Ryche) : 
 
 Hatton, letter to, 78. 
 Nathaniel, letter to, 36. 
 Sir Robert, 2, 10, 35, 37. 
 
 , letters to, 35, 36, 37 (2). 
 
 [Frances] wife of, 36 and n. 
 
 , friendship of Sir Henry 
 
 Gawdy towards, 36. 
 -, his estate, 37. 
 
 Robert, Earl of Warwick, ship 
 
 of. See Black Robin. 
 Richard II, reign of, alluded to, 511. 
 Richelieu, Cardinal [Armand Jean 
 du Plessis], alluded to, in 
 relation to the Queens of 
 France, 64, 65. 66. 
 
 niece of. See Guillaume, Duch- 
 esse. 
 
 arms of, engraven, 66. 
 
 church built by, 66. 
 
 favourite of. See Smith, Bishop 
 of Chalcedon. 
 
 Wt. 29495, 
 
 Richelieu, Cardinal cont. 
 
 "maxim " said to Jiave been 
 
 introduced by, 458. 
 statue erected by, 65. 
 desire of, to check inundations 
 
 in Paris, 61. 
 in Flanders, 65. 
 and Nicholas Caussin, 66. 
 death of, alluded to, 63. 
 Richmond (Surrey), documents dated 
 
 from, 3, 4. 
 
 Richmond, Duke of. See Stuart. 
 Ridolfi, Ridolphi, F. Andrea, Bishop 
 of Calamina, Vicar Apostolic 
 and Suffragan Patriarch of 
 Constantinople, 425. 
 letter from and to, 329, 393. 
 recommendation of, 424. 
 Rimini [Italy], 76. 
 Rinsleben, Captain Reinaldo Sigis- 
 
 mondo, 513. 
 Risley, Mr., 39. 
 
 Riston, money to be left at, 37. 
 Rivers, Sir George, 42. 
 Robartes (Roberds), John, Lord, 
 afterwards Earl of Radnor, 
 Lord Privy Seal. 86, 133. 
 letter to, mentioned, 184. 
 payment to be asked from, 290. 
 Roberts, Sir Thomas, 42. 
 Roboli, , reputed agent from 
 Franco in Turkey, 117, 226, 
 328. 
 Rochelle, 429. 
 
 French fleet said to have left, 
 
 433. 
 Rochester, 26, 42, 43, 509. 
 
 bridge of, officers of, 4, 5. 
 Rochester, Bishop of, See Dolben. 
 Roe: 
 
 Robert, alluded to, 318. 
 Sir Thomas, his embassy to 
 Turkey alluded to, 318, 320, 
 342. 
 
 Rohan [France], 68. 
 Rohan, Due de, 71. 
 Rolls, the, Mr. Frampton made 
 
 chaplain of, 449. 
 Roman : 
 
 Church. Se# Latin Church, 
 eagles, the, 220. 
 Emperor, the. See Emperor, 
 histories, 460. 
 religion, the, 85. 
 Rome, 97. 
 
 ambassadors at : 
 
 French. See Crequi, Duke 
 
 of. 
 
 Genoese. See Durazzo. 
 Venetian. See Corraro. 
 ancient, triumphal arches in, al- 
 luded to, 389. 
 
 n 38
 
 594 
 
 Rome cont. 
 
 art treasures from, 407. 
 Bishop from, at Constantinople, 
 
 designs against, 349. 
 Court of, 409. 
 , war between the Emperor 
 
 and Turkey desired by, 211. 
 , differences between Genoa 
 
 and, settled, 520. 
 letters dated at, 421, 424, 520. 
 
 , alluded to, 519. 
 
 pass dated at, 519. 
 
 Pantheon at, 68. 
 
 Popes of. See Pope. 
 
 Saint Mark's Palace, 76. 
 
 Sorbonists at, 66. 
 
 travellers to, in, or from, 65, 76, 
 
 113, 263, 416, 457, 473, 519, 
 
 520 (2). 
 
 the Turks hope to become mas- 
 ters of, 240. 
 Rospigliosi, Cardinal, pass issued by, 
 
 519. 
 
 Rothes, Earl of. See Leslie, John. 
 Rouen (Roan, Roen), 75. 
 
 Archbishop of. See Amboyse, 
 
 Cardinal. 
 
 church of Notre Dame at, 60. 
 factions in, 32. 
 old palace at, 60. 
 " seldom free from the plague," 
 
 60. 
 
 travellers to or at, 60, 490, 495. 
 Rous : 
 
 John, 37. 
 
 , letter from, 36. 
 
 Sir John, letters from, 37 (2). 
 , letter to, 37. 
 Roy, Henri, a Jesuit Father, intro- 
 duction for, 398. 
 Royal Company, the, 311. 
 Rupert (Robert), Prince : 
 
 in command of fleet, 338. 
 
 as General of the forces intended 
 
 for Guinea. 353, 354. 
 embarks with the fleet, 354. 
 rumours relating to, 383. 
 - contradicted, 384. 
 that he is to lead the Bishop 
 
 of Minister's army, 404. 
 comes to the aid of the Duke of 
 
 Albemarle, 426, 427, 436. 
 chaplain to. See Frampton, 
 
 Robert. 
 Russell : 
 
 Colonel, commands an infantry 
 
 regiment, 130. 
 John, Earl of Bedford, 2. 
 
 , as Lord Privy Seal, 3. 
 
 Francis, Earl of Bedford, 23. 
 Monsignor, secretary to Don 
 
 Francesco de Melo, 83, 84, 85. 
 
 Russell, Monsignor cont. 
 
 , as Bishop of Cabo Verde, 
 
 158, 159. 
 Russia or Muscovy, 180, 484. 
 
 Czar or Emperor of [Alexis], 
 
 ambassador to, from England. 
 
 See Howard, Earl of Carlisle, 
 ambassadors or envoys from, to 
 
 England, 264. 
 
 , to Persia, 345. 
 
 , , death of, 366, 367. 
 
 , to Poland, 92. 
 
 , to Turkey, 452, 489, 498. 
 
 in relation to Poland, 460, 489, 
 
 498. 
 
 to Turkey, 452, 489. 
 
 Russia leather, horse-litter to be 
 
 lined with, 230. 
 Rutherford, Andrew, Earl of Teviot 
 
 (Tivett), Governor of Tan- 
 gier, letter to, 268. 
 fortifies Tangier, 264. 
 his successes and reputation 
 
 at Tangier, 276, 279-281, 
 
 303. 
 in relation to the Moorish Chief. 
 
 See Guiland. 
 
 returns to England, 276, 281. 
 " cut off " by the Moors, 324. 
 Ruyter, Michael Adrian de, Dutch 
 
 Admiral, sailing against the 
 
 Turks, 136. 
 
 movements of, 214, 338, 353. 
 in charge of the East India 
 
 fleet, 388. 
 rumoured engagement of with 
 
 the English, 383. 
 contradicted, 384. 
 Rycaut, Ricaut, Ricault : 
 
 Paul, Secretary to the Earl of 
 
 Winchilsea, and afterwards 
 
 Consul at Smyrna, 111, 127, 
 
 167, 168, 296, 297, 298, 315, 
 
 377, 386, 392, 434, 437, 461, 
 
 477, 478. 
 , letters from, 82, 155, 156, 
 
 265, 269, 271 (3), 276, 278, 
 
 283, 287, 290, 292, 370-376, 
 
 382-386, 477-503, 510, 512. 
 
 , , copy of, 143. 
 
 -, alluded to, 281, 282. 
 
 -, letters to, 358, 410, 413, 
 
 516. 
 
 -, mentioned, 312. 
 
 , letters and orders to, 
 noted, 369. 
 
 and messages sent 
 
 by, 81, 266, 267, 442. 
 
 -, alluded to, 295, 
 
 299, 301, 391, 393, 419, 437, 
 442. 
 , decipher by, 134.
 
 595 
 
 Rycaut, Paul cont. 
 
 , his devotion to Lord Win- 
 
 chilsea, 442, 453. 
 -, his druggerman, assaulted, 
 
 381. 
 
 to 
 
 endorsement by, 113. 
 memorandum by, 291. 
 messages or instructions 
 301, 368. 
 
 -, alluded to, 499. 
 
 movements of, 241, 251, 
 266, 267, 268, 282, 294, 295, 
 301, 342, 369, 370, 389, 391, 
 398, 400-402, 405, 410, 417, 
 437, 438, 443, 444, 445, 446, 
 461. 
 
 , proposed as " chancellor " 
 at Constantinople, 128. 
 , to be sent to England, 
 261. 
 
 ratifications of treaty 
 sent by, 266 (2), 267, 268. 
 -, his services and high 
 
 character, 233, 267, 405, 436, 
 438. 
 -, to act as proxy for Lord 
 
 Winchilsea, 239. 
 , his journey to Smyrna, 
 269, 270. 
 -, to touch at Algiers, 268, 
 
 270. 
 
 , his mission to towns in 
 
 Barbary, 276-7. 
 , at Tangier, 278, 279, 280, 
 
 281. 
 , at Lisbon, 283-4-5. 
 
 , his mission to the Vizier, 
 
 370, 371. 
 -, as bearer of news from 
 
 England, 436, 437, 438, 442. 
 , consultation of, with the 
 
 Lord Treasurer, &c., 434, 436. 
 , is to take the King's por- 
 trait to Lord Winchilsea, 435. 
 , an eye-witness of the fire 
 
 of London, ibid. 
 , brings Lord Maidstone to 
 
 Turkey, 461, 462. 
 , his appointment as consul 
 
 for Smyrna, 473, 474. 
 , his reception at Smyrna, 
 
 477, 478. 
 , appointed as Lord Win- 
 
 chilsea's procurator, 521. 
 Peter, letter from, 298. 
 Rye [Sussex]. 59, 60. 
 Ryley . consul at Tunis, 108. 
 
 Sabran [?] (Sharbrand), French 
 
 agent in England, 63. 
 Sackville : 
 
 Sir Edward, Earl of Dorset, 63. 
 Richard, Lord Buckhurst, Earl 
 
 of Dorset, 212. 
 
 Thomas, Lord Buckhurst, letters 
 from, 7, 13 (2), 14-16, 17 (2), 
 20. 
 
 , son of, christening of, 7. 
 
 , servants or " company " 
 
 of, 13. 
 
 , goes as ambassador to 
 
 France, 13. 
 
 , liis journey through 
 
 France, 13 et seq. 
 
 , reaches Paris, 16. 
 
 , illness of, 20. 
 
 " Sacra Congregationede Propaganda 
 Fide," Prefect of. See Bar- 
 berini. 
 
 Sadler, Sir Ralph, 7. 
 Saint Albans, Earl of. See Jermyn, 
 
 Henry. 
 
 Saint Anna, tomb of, 191. 
 St. Augustine, lath of, in Kent, 5 (2), 
 
 29, 42 (2). 
 
 St. Austen, doctrines of, 66. 
 Saint Bernard, convent of, 68. 
 St. Christopher [Leeward Islands, 
 
 West Indies], 59. 
 
 St. Demetrius, letter dated at. 155. 
 Saint Denis [Franco], Prince of 
 
 Conde Abbot at. 66. 
 St. Francis, religion of, 329. 
 St. George's Day, 115. 
 
 coronation of Charles II on, 
 
 102. 
 
 St. Germain-en-Laye, audience to 
 the English ambassador at. 
 See Holies, Denzil. 
 Saint Gregory, works of, 358. 
 Saint Isidore, finger of, 64. 
 Saint Joachim, tomb of, 191. 
 St. John d'Acre (de Acria) [Syria], 
 
 118. 
 
 rebellions at, 192. 
 St. John Baptist, church of the 
 
 Nativity of, 191. 
 St. John of Jerusalem, order of, or 
 
 knights of Malta : 
 Grand Master of, letter to, 161. 
 
 from, 519. 
 
 ships of, complaint concerning, 
 161.
 
 596 
 
 St. John of Jerusalem, order of, or , 
 knights of Malta cont. 
 
 Knights of, favoured by the 
 
 King of France, 505. 
 , lands of, possessed by the 
 
 Netherlands, 505. 
 St. Johns, 40. 
 Saint Joseph, tomb of, 191. 
 St. Lawrence, island near, 125. 
 St. Leger (Sentleger) Nicholas, second 
 
 husband of Katherine, Lady 
 
 Finch, 6. 
 
 Saint Leopold's day, 220. 
 Saint Malo, Vice-Admiral of, 449. 
 Saint Mark, the patron Saint of 
 
 Venice, 156. 
 
 St. Maurice (Mauritio) [Switzer- 
 land], 72. 
 
 St. Seine (Sans Seyn) [France], 67. 
 Salaie, House of the Nativity of 
 
 the Virgin Mary called, 192. 
 Sambrooke, Jeremiah, member of 
 
 the Council at Fort St. George, 
 
 wounded, 442. 
 Samos, Island of, encounter between 
 
 Turkish and Venetian fleets 
 
 near, 219. 
 Sampson, Mr., a Scotch merchant. 
 
 See Simpson. 
 Samuel, servant of Consul Cave, 
 
 death of, 331. 
 Sam way es, Mr., agent in Persia, 
 
 death of, 107. 
 Sanctuary, privileges of, disputed, 
 
 511, 512. 
 Sandes, Edwin, Archbishop of York, 
 
 25. 
 Sandwich, Earl of. See Montagu, 
 
 Edward. 
 Saone (Arans Soune), the river, 
 
 68. 
 
 Sareri, near Constantinople, 156. 
 Sarum [Salisbury], letter dated at, 
 
 395. 
 Savage, Sir John, collector of the 
 
 loan in Cheshire, 8. 
 Savoy, to be assisted by France, 354. 
 
 dominions of, 71. 
 Savoy, Duke of : 
 
 [Charles Emanuel I], attempt 
 
 upon Geneva by, alluded to, 
 
 69. 
 
 , forts formerly held by, 71. 
 
 , treaty made with, alluded 
 
 to, 517. 
 -, loss of castle of L'Escluse 
 
 by, alluded to, 69. 
 (1651) [Charles Emanuel II], 73. 
 , treaty with, alluded to, 
 
 517. 
 -, predecessor of. See Charles 
 
 Emanuel I, above, 
 
 Savoy, Duke of [Charles Emanuel II] 
 cont. 
 
 , ambassador from, in 
 
 France, 415. 
 Savoyard, a, execution of, alluded to, 
 
 69. 
 
 Sawlius, (?) plate of, pawned, 63. 
 Say, William, Lord Say, document 
 
 signed by, 78. 
 
 Scanderoon [Turkey in Asia], 165, 
 230, 376. 
 
 Emyn at, 466. 
 
 English marine factor at. See 
 Loe. 
 
 English, French and Dutch 
 ships, for, at, or from, 213, 
 238, 285, 304, 408, 414, 415, 
 446, 458, 466, 476, 477, 485. 
 
 pirate ships near, 425, 477. 
 
 port of, unprotected, 474. 
 
 Road, 425. 
 
 " scale " of English shipping at, 
 threat of the Turks concern- 
 ing, 402, 404, 408, 410, 425, 
 429. 
 
 Scarlet, Mr., daughter of, 67. 
 Schonberg, or Schomberg, Count 
 Frederick Armande, comman- 
 der of the English forces in 
 Portugal, 284. 
 Schram, Dutch Vice-Admiral, killed 
 
 in battle, 375. 
 
 Schwatz (Swarths) [Tyrol], 76. 
 Scio, Island of [Turkey-in-Asia], 329, 
 331, 348, 377, 425, 477, 611, 
 512. 
 
 letters dated from. 336, 348, 349, 
 362, 365, 371, 376, 383, 393, 
 405. 
 
 affairs of, 336. 
 
 , brought before Count Les- 
 ley, 399. 
 
 Bassa and Cadi at, 334. 
 
 Captain Bassa at, 503, 510. 
 
 Greek Church in, 362, 365. 
 
 Greek Metropolitan in, 332, 
 334, 365, 368. 
 
 , persecutions by, 336, 349, 
 
 384. 
 
 } his Patriarch. See Con- 
 stantinople, Patriarch of. 
 
 Latin or Roman Church in, 332, 
 362, 365. 
 
 , Bishop and Deputies of, 
 
 letters from, 334, 348, 362, 
 365, 371, 376, 383, 393, 405. 
 
 , , letters to, 336, 368, 
 
 399. See also Soffiano, Mon- 
 signor. 
 
 , dissensions between the 
 
 Greek Church and, 332, 349, 
 350, 362, 365, 3C8.
 
 597 
 
 Scio, I-atin or Roman Church in 
 cont. 
 
 , churches of, pillaged by 
 
 the Greeks, 334. 
 
 , , restored, 349, 350. 
 
 Turkish fleet at, 199. 
 Scot, Captain, 501, 503 (2). 
 " Scotch-kirkman," the, 197. 
 Scotland, 39, 160. 
 
 affairs in, 117, 206, 263, 298. 
 Bishops for, consecrated, 1 73. 
 commissioner in. See Leslie, 
 
 John. 
 English and Dutch fleets near, 
 
 354, 383, 396. 
 Episcopal government settled 
 
 in, 173. 
 fears of the French landing in, 
 
 412. 
 Parliament of, tries the Marquis 
 
 of Argyle, 102, 117. 
 Presbyterians in, 173. 
 proposed journey of M. de 
 
 Poigny to, 9. 
 Secretary of State for. See 
 
 Lauderdale, Earl of. 
 Scots, supporters of Queen Mary, 20. 
 Scottishman, a, 170. See La Hay; 
 
 Simpson. 
 
 Scottish merchant, a. See Gait. 
 Scott : 
 
 Edward, esquire, 42. 
 Sir Thomas, deputy lieutenant of 
 East Kent, instructions to, 29. 
 Thomas, letter from, 35. 
 Scray, Lath of, in Kent, 29, 35, 42, 43. 
 Scudamore, Lord, daughter of, 217. 
 Secretary of State, possible appoint- 
 ment as, 493. 
 
 Secretaries of State, 157. 250. And 
 see Nicholas ; Morice ; Bennet, 
 Sectaries (Sectaryes), private meet- 
 ings of, forbidden, 101. 
 Sedeque [Asia Minor], hunting in, 
 
 alluded to, 482. 
 letters dated at, 383, 384. 
 Seine (Sequana). the river, 60, 61, 63. 
 Seldon, Ralph, 17, 18. 
 Selim: 
 
 brother of the Sultan Mahomet, 
 
 522. 
 Sultan of Turkey, gold vessel 
 
 of balsam, found by, 451. 
 Sens [France], Bishop of, 66. 
 Seremento, Signor Ignatio, Governor 
 of Cochin, holds the town 
 against the Dutch, 224. 
 Serini, Count, fort of, taken bv the 
 
 Turks, 327. 
 
 Settalia [now Adalia. Asia Minor], 
 Consul Baker's death at, 174, 
 176. 
 
 Sevajee, Se vaj i [rebel in India], war- 
 fare and negotiations between 
 the Great Mogul and, 440, 
 441, 493, 507. 
 towns seized by, 366. 
 in relation to the King of Viza- 
 
 pore, 366. 
 escape of, 475. 
 invades Portuguese territory, 
 
 506. 
 Seville [Spain], money from, 289. 
 
 duties to be paid in, 425. 
 Seymour (Seamore) : 
 
 Lady Jane, marriage of, to Lord 
 Dungarvan, 102, 116, 119. 
 See Dungarvan, I-ady. 
 William, Duke of Somerset, 
 illness and death of, 82, 92, 
 110. 
 
 , visit of the King to, 82. 
 
 H., lieutenant of the Antelope, 
 
 279. 
 
 Sh., Mr., 64. 
 
 Shah Soofe (Shaw Soffee), Shah of 
 Persia, 1627-1641, alluded to, 
 453. 
 
 Shamokey, earthquake at, 507. 
 Sharpe, Henry, factor at Galata, 
 
 documents signed by, 377. 
 Sheffield (Shefeld), Ladv, message 
 
 from, 33. 
 Sheldon, Gilbert, Bishop of London, 
 
 letter to, 148. 
 as Archbishop of Canterbury, 
 
 315, 454. 
 Shene. the Charterhouse at, a monk 
 
 of, 12. 
 Sheppard, John, factor at Aleppo, 
 
 letter signed by, 216. 
 oath taken by, 249. 
 Sheppey (Shepway), Island of, Kent, 
 
 5. 
 (Shipway, Shepway), Lath of 
 
 [Kent], 29, 42, 43. 
 Sherborne (Sherbourn) [Dorset], 
 court at, letter dated at, 
 33. 
 
 Lord Digby of. See Digby. 
 Sherman, Bezaleel or Bezalus, factor 
 at Aleppo, committal of, 
 copy of warrant for, 285. 
 letter signed by, 216. 
 Sherrard, Hope, minister in Island 
 of Providence, letter signed 
 by, 58. 
 
 Shipman, Sir Abraham, scut to take 
 possession of Bombay, ISO, 
 243. 273. 306, 330. 
 secretary of. See Cooke. 
 his soldiers, mortality amongst, 
 
 323. 
 his death, announced, 300.
 
 598 
 
 Ships, named : English : 
 
 Advice, taken by the French, 
 
 413. 
 
 African, 440. 
 American, 440. 
 Amity, 264. 
 
 , captain of. See Glide. 
 
 Anne, 187, 198. 
 
 , captain of. See Poole. 
 
 , sailors from, captured by 
 
 the Turks, 198-201, 225, 227, 
 230, 234, 237. 
 
 Anne and Christopher, 498, 501, 
 502, 503. 
 
 , captain of. See Cole. 
 
 Anne and Elizabeth, 359, 360. 
 
 , flies Kagusean colours, 
 
 360, 361. 
 Antelope, 279. 
 
 , lieutenant of. See Sey- 
 mour, H. 
 Bachelor, 370. 
 Bendy sh, 290. 
 Bilboa Merchant, taken by the 
 
 French, 413. 
 Black Robin, 52. 
 Bonadventure, letters dated from, 
 
 264, 271, 278. 
 Bull, 26. 
 Chesnut, pinnace, 243. 
 
 , captain of. See Stevens. 
 
 Converting, 243, 273. 
 Coventry, 279. 
 Dispatch. 425. 
 Dolphin, 406. 
 Dover Merchant, 222. 
 Dunkirk, 243, 273. 
 Eagle, 285, 300. 
 
 , made into a man-of-war, 
 
 363. 
 
 Eaglet, 88. 
 
 Fortune, of Dover, 28. 
 General Merchant, sunk, 413. 
 Golden Fleece, 466, 474. 
 Goodwill, 100. 
 
 , commander of. See 
 
 Michell. 
 Greyhound, 290. 
 
 , attack upon, 440. 
 
 Hannibal, 370. 
 Hopewell, 243-4, 329. 
 Jerusalem, 479. 
 
 John and Abigail, 498, 500, 502, 
 503. 
 
 , captain of. See Morgan. 
 
 , mariners of, mutinous 
 
 conduct of, 500, 501. 
 
 , detained at Scio, 510, 512. 
 
 Leopard, 243, 273, 516 (2). 
 London Merchant, 465. 
 
 , commander of. See Hill. 
 
 Maidenhead, 179. 
 
 Ships, named, English : Maidenhead 
 cont. 
 
 , commander of. See 
 
 Kempthorne, Captain. 
 Mary Bonadventure, 304. 
 Mary and Elizabeth, 251. 
 Mary Rose, 243. 
 Mayflower, 124. 
 , commander of. See Curtis, 
 
 Captain. 
 NatJian, 304. 
 
 , captain of. See Clapp. 
 
 Phcenix, 279. 
 
 Plymouth, 83, 96, 99, 114. 
 
 , letters dated from, 87 (2), 
 
 88 (2). 
 
 Prosperous, 104, 213. 
 , captain of. See Chamb- 
 
 lett. 
 Prudent Mary, 290, 312, 315, 
 
 325 (2). 
 , commander of. See Wood- 
 
 greene. 
 Rainbow, 108. 
 
 , commander of. eeAllin. 
 
 , letter dated from, 265. 
 Resolution, 279. 
 Robert, 406, 414, 449. 
 .Rose, 329, 331. 
 Royal Catherine, 370. 
 Royal diaries, 405. 
 
 , taken by the Dutch, 476. 
 
 Royal James, letter dated from, 
 
 142. 
 
 Royal Sovereign, 427. 
 St. Bartholomeo, 452. 
 St. George, 440. 
 Sampson, 370, 377, 406. 
 Smyrna Factor, 152. 
 
 , captain of. See Fastolfe. 
 
 , seized by the Turks, 96. 
 Smyrna Merchant, captain of. 
 
 See Fisher. 
 
 , wreck of, 125. 
 
 Sun, 397. 
 
 , captain of. See Messen- 
 ger. 
 
 Swiftsure. capture of, 419. 
 Talbott, 26. 
 Tunis Merchant, 474. 
 Vine, loss of, 366. 
 Virgin, 238, 415, 425 
 
 . captain of. See Herbert. 
 
 William and John, 253. 
 William and Mary, 328. 
 
 , captain of. See Penney. 
 William and John, of Lyme, 28. 
 William and Sarah, the, robbed 
 
 by Tripoli pirates, 198, 20*2. 
 Winchilsea, 340, 367. 
 
 , captain of. See Evans. 
 
 Zantc, 143, 466, 474.
 
 Siiips, named, foreign : 
 Dutch: 
 
 King Solomon, sunk by the 
 
 English, 359. 
 Tobias, 503. 
 Genoese : 
 
 Madonna di Conceptione e 
 St. Antonio di Padua, 158. 
 St. Giuseppe, 158. 
 St. Sebastian, 497. 
 Shiraz [Persia], 476. 
 Shouldham Thorpe [Norfolk], repair 
 
 of sea-wall at, 37. 
 small tithes of, 38. 
 Shrewsbury, troops placed in, 206. 
 Shrewsbury, Earls of. See Talbot. 
 Siani. King of, war declared upon, 
 
 by the Dutch, 330. 
 Sicilians, the, 90. 
 Sicily, Viceroy of. See Ayala, Conde 
 
 de. 
 Sidley, Sir Charles, commission sent 
 
 to r 509. 
 Sidney, or Sidnei : 
 
 Sir Henry, Lord Deputy of 
 Ireland, commission from, 8. 
 Sir Philip, letter from, 26. 
 Sidon (Saida) [Syria], 192. 
 Sieffert, Andreas, lieutenant to the 
 
 Baron di Freisheim, 513. 
 letter from, 51 3. 
 Signet, clerk of, 4. 
 
 Signs and portents. See under Whit- 
 sun Eve. 
 
 Simplon (Sampion) Pass, 73. 
 Simpson (Symsonne, Simson) : 
 
 Patrick, a Scottish merchant 
 in Poland, 169, 170, 285, 310, 
 410, 490. 
 
 , letter from, 91. 
 
 , , alluded to, 92. 
 
 , letter to, 202, 331. 
 
 , brother of. See Simp- 
 son, William. 
 Peter [qy. Patrick], 136, 179, 
 
 196, 197, 220, 261. 
 William, letters from, alluded to, 
 
 92. 
 
 Sinai, Mount, 85. 
 
 Sinigaglia (Senegalia) [Italy], 73. 
 Sinus Persianus. See Persian Gulf. 
 Sion: 
 
 (Syon) [Middlesex], Queen Eliz- 
 abeth going to, 26. 
 (Sedunum) [Switzerland], seat of 
 the Bishop, 72. 
 . never taken by Caesar, 
 73. 
 Skinner, Ephraim. letters to, 398, 
 
 407, 494. 
 
 money to be paid to, 399. 
 petition preferred by, 505. 
 
 Skydmore, Mistress, 24, 25. 
 Slaves, English. See Turkey. 
 Slavonia [Hungary], Governor of. 
 
 See Lesley, Count. 
 Smith, Smyth : 
 
 Sir George, 123, 143, 265. 
 
 , letter to, 128. 
 
 , , alluded to, 94, 186, 
 
 227. 
 Sir Jeremy, in command of the 
 
 Mediterranean fleet, 248, 414, 
 
 416, 425. 
 
 , letter to, 248. 
 
 , prizes reported captured 
 
 by, 479. 
 Dr. Richard, Bishop of Chalce- 
 
 don, 64. 
 Sir Thomas, letters from, 12, 
 
 20. 
 
 , , alluded to, 10. 
 
 , a tale of his boyhood, 12. 
 
 , illness of, 12. 
 
 Thomas, esquire, 42. 
 
 Dr., appointed executor, 443. 
 
 Mr., 11. 
 
 Mr. [Oxford], 444. 
 
 Mr., recommended, 305, 328. 
 
 , money supplied to, 331. 
 
 Smithes, , a " scandalous minis- 
 ter," 441. 
 
 Suiithsby, Richard, factor at Smyr- 
 na, 169. 
 
 letter signed by, 148. 
 Smyrna, 101. 177, 230, 231, 265, 308, 
 
 360, 397, 400, 434, 438, 477, 
 
 482, 509 
 
 battulation of trade in, 377. 
 Bey at, 501. 
 Cadi at, 93, 152, 194. 
 , disputes between the con- 
 suls and, 232. 
 
 , departure of, 238. 
 
 new Cadi at, 485, 498, 503. 
 , sends sample of false 
 
 temins, 483. 
 , and Consul Rycaut, 478, 
 
 479, 494, 495, 502. 
 'Cancelliere " at, 131. 
 Capigi-basha at, threats and 
 
 orders of, 494, 495. 
 Captain Basha at, orders from, 
 
 392, 499. 
 
 , audience with. 495. 
 
 , ship duties to be paid to, 
 
 232. 
 carnival at, assault upon the 
 
 Dutch at. 494. 
 
 Castle or Castles at. 232. 360. 
 . arrival of the new consul 
 
 at, 477. 
 consulago on merchandise at, 
 
 94.
 
 600 
 
 Smyrna cont. 
 
 coronation celebrations at, 114. 
 Customer at, Usaein Aga, 331, 
 
 361, 484, 485, 494. 
 , demands and impositions 
 
 of, 481, 485. 
 , in relation to English ships, 
 
 495, 498. 
 
 , receipts of, 377. 
 
 , in relation to false temins, 
 
 483, 490. 
 dragomen at, 95, 113, 114, 465. 
 
 495. 
 Dutch, at or near, 262, 267, 270, 
 
 285, 310, 317, 360, 363, 495. 
 Consul at, 144, 148, 174, 
 
 176,232,239, 326, 345. 
 , and the Countess of 
 
 Winchilsea, 484, 485. 
 
 , and Consul llycaut, 
 
 478. 
 
 , fleet from, 354, 395. 
 
 merchants and merchant- 
 vessels at, 93-95, 122. 
 ship lent to the Turks, 
 
 502, 503. 
 
 Resident at, visits to, 502. 
 
 English at, 93, 122, 314, 355. 
 English Consul at. See Baker ; 
 
 Isaacson ; Cave ; Rycaut. 
 , protection of foreign sliips 
 
 by, 158. 
 , a fresh one, to be chosen, 
 
 176, 178, 179. 
 
 English factory at, 155, 380. 
 , chaplain to. See Broad- 
 gate. 
 , new chaplain for. See 
 
 Luke. 
 , , to be godly and 
 
 orthodox, 315, 334. 
 -, letters from, 107, 113, 116, 
 
 137, 148, 169, 300. 
 -, letter to, 163. 
 
 , oath to be administered 
 
 to, 163. 
 
 , treasurers of. See Coven- 
 try ; Death ; Langley ; Taylor. 
 
 and Consul Rycaut, 478. 
 English merchant fleet for, 370. 
 from, 414. 
 
 sliips at, commanders of, 
 letters from, 302, 393. 
 
 foreign consuls in, their difficul- 
 ties with the Cadi. 232. 
 
 Franks in, 477, 478, 494. 
 
 Franks' street in. 383, 494. 
 
 French in, 367, 377, 483. 502. 
 
 French Consul at. 224, 238, 239. 
 363, 372, 478. 479, 484, 485. 
 
 , assists Baker, 174. 
 
 , his druggerman, 489. 
 
 Smyrna, French Consul at cont. 
 
 , and English letters, 480, 
 
 481. 
 
 , troubled by the Cadi, 232. 
 
 -, visit of, to the Dutch 
 
 Resident, alluded to, 502. 
 Genoese Consul at, 478-480, 484 
 
 (2), 485. 
 
 Jesuit Convent [French] in, 238. 
 letters dated at, 90-512 passim. 
 sent from, alluded to, 101, 
 516. 
 
 sent by way of, 261. 
 
 Lord Winchilsea's voyage from. 
 See Finch, Heneage. 
 
 merchants or factors at, in re- 
 lation to their consul, 114, 
 118, 135. 
 
 , petition of, to Lord Win- 
 chilsea, alluded to, 178, 187. 
 -, in relation to the oath 
 
 required by the Levant Com- 
 pany, 245. 
 
 officials of, in relation to sliips 
 for Candia, 494, 495, 496. 
 
 plague in, 383, 384. 
 
 St. Jacamore's Poynt, 264. 
 
 Sante Venaranda, 93. 
 
 ships for, from, or at. 251, 292, 
 363, 364, 370, 394, 413, 414, 
 466, 474, 477, 485, 491. And 
 see Ships, named : Bendysh 
 and Prudent Mary. 
 
 travellers to and from, 91, 100, 
 104, 326, 349, 480, 483-485, 
 493, 516. 
 
 Voyvode of [Achmet, Ahmett, 
 Hamet Aga], complaints 
 against, 375, 495. 
 
 , his men assault the Dutch, 
 
 494. 
 
 " worthy divine " at. See Luke. 
 
 Bay, 271, 331. 
 Sodom, fruit of, 504. 
 Soffiano, Moiisignor, Bishop of Scio, 
 sufferings and liberation of, 
 329, 332. See also under 
 Scio. 
 
 Sofia (Sophia) [Bulgaria], 360, 371, 
 374. 
 
 letters dated at, 372, 376. 
 
 troops leave, 258. 
 Sole Bav [i.e. Southwold Bay, 
 
 Suffolk], fight in, 375. 
 Solomon, the wisdom of, 255. 
 Somerset : 
 
 Duchess of, 110, 153, 268, 487. 
 
 , acts as godmother to 
 
 children of the Earl of Win- 
 chilsea, 157, 222. ^ 
 
 , daughter of. See Win- 
 chilsea, Countess of.
 
 601 
 
 Somerset, Duchess of cont. 
 
 , letters from, 170. 
 
 , to, 222, 343, 364, 
 
 463, 465, 470. 
 
 , message to, 110. 
 
 , will try to obtain the Order 
 
 of the Garter for Lord Win- 
 chilsea, 287. 
 
 , in relation to the marriage 
 
 of Lord Winchilsea's daugh- 
 ter, 469, 471 (2). 
 
 , residence of, 514. 
 
 , secretary of. See Walrond. 
 
 Duke of. See Seymour, William, 
 Somerset, William, Earl of Worcester, 
 
 3. 
 
 Sommer, William, 5. 
 Sondes, Sir Thomas, deputy lieu- 
 tenant of East Kent, instruc- 
 tions to, 29. 
 
 Sondis, Sir Richard, 42. 
 Sooje, Sujali, Sultan, brother of the 
 
 Great Mogul, 152. 
 reported to have gone to Persia, 
 
 210. 
 
 Sorbonists, doctrines of the, 66. 
 Souches. See Susa. 
 Sousa, Don Antonio de, previously 
 ambassador in England, 83, 86. 
 Southampton : 
 
 Countess of, letters to, 125, 131. 
 message to, 112. 
 visit to, 514. 
 interview with, alluded 
 
 to 
 
 291. 
 
 in relation to the death 
 
 of the Earl, 472. 
 Earl of. See Wriothesley, 
 
 Thomas. 
 South Seas, the, the Dutch in, 124, 
 
 151. 
 Southwell : 
 
 Lady, 433. 
 
 , message from, 468. 
 
 Sir Robert, embassy of, 433. 
 
 , orders to, alluded to, 456. 
 
 Spackman, Tom, marriage of, alluded 
 
 to, 403. 
 Spain, 61, 72, 87, 90, 119, 141, 149, 
 
 157, 159, 161, 164, 173, 177, 
 
 180, 267, 433, 451, 493. 
 ambassador designed for, alluded 
 
 to. See Fanshaw. 
 ambassador from, to England, 
 
 388, 485. And see Batteville, 
 
 Baron de. 
 ambassador from, to Turkey, 
 
 possible introduction of, 149, 
 
 150, 152, 159, 179. 
 chances of war between England 
 
 and, 120, 128, 141, 147, 157. 
 
 163. 
 
 Spain cont. 
 
 Christian religion oppressed by, 
 
 45. 
 
 coast of, English ships off, 265. 
 designs of, measures to be taken 
 
 against, 47. 
 Janissaries said to have been sold 
 
 in, 175. 
 journey of Prince diaries to, 
 
 alluded to, 45. 
 luxury of, 85. 
 peace between the Netherlands 
 
 and (1605), 130. 
 between Portugal and, 
 
 chances of, 129, 426. 
 Portuguese faction in favour of, 
 
 283. 
 Portuguese threatened by, 83, 
 
 84, 189. 
 
 hi relation to the Emperor, 147. 
 relic sent from, alluded to, 64. 
 ships of the Levant Company 
 
 seldom touch in, 429. 
 successes of, against Portugal, 
 
 214. 
 
 torture in, alluded to, 72. 
 treaties between England 
 
 and, 94, 102, 117, 426, 456, 
 
 476. 
 Spain: 
 
 King of [Philip IV], 66, 114, 
 
 129, 150, 254, 281. 
 
 , relations of France and. 
 
 See France, 
 in relation to the French 
 
 ambassador, 240. 
 King of [Charles II], 520. 
 
 , reported illness of, 427. 
 
 Queen of (1570), ships preparing 
 
 for, 9. 
 
 , H. Cobharn sent to, 10. 
 Infanta of, birth of, alluded to, 
 
 75. 
 , dowry to be given with, 
 
 354. 
 -, as the Empress, 427. 
 
 Spaniards (Spanyardes), form the 
 army of the Due de Maine, 
 31. 
 
 in England, 2. 
 
 Queen Mary's favour towards, 2. 
 
 defeat of, in the West Indies, 52 
 et seq. 
 
 previous assault on Providence 
 Island by, alluded to, 52. 
 
 reported capture by. See Casal. 
 Spanish : 
 
 fleet, expected at Canea, 104. 
 
 forces, commander of. See 
 Austria, Don John of. 
 
 , defeat of, by the Portu- 
 guese and English, 263.
 
 602 
 
 Spanish forces, defeat of cont. 
 
 , , alluded to, 265, 283. 
 
 language, letters written in, 90, 
 
 99. 
 
 ministers, 455. 
 
 ships, loss or capture of, 214, 281. 
 viceroy in Sicily. See Ayala. 
 Spataro, Signer, letters and present 
 
 brought by, 239, 240. 
 Speed, Chronicles of, alluded to, 401. 
 Spenceley, Thomas, letter from, 78. 
 Spezzia, Gulf of [Italy], 519, 520. 
 Spice Islands, the, Dutch possession 
 
 of, alluded to, 329. 
 Spina Longa [Crete], demanded from 
 
 Venice by the Turks, 231. 
 Spires (Spyres), the Emperor at, 10, 
 
 11. 
 
 Spoleto (Spoletto) [Italy], 76. 
 Sprignell, Richard, factor at Aleppo, 
 
 182, 483. 
 
 Staffordshire, a gentlewoman of, 62. 
 Stamboul [Constantinople], Chimac- 
 
 ham at. See under Turkey. 
 Dutch resident at, payments de- 
 manded by, 273. 
 in relation to troubles at Aleppo, 
 
 374. 
 Stanley or Digby, Lady Venetia, 
 
 death of, 61. 
 Stanton or Staunton, Thomas, factor 
 
 at Aleppo, 182. 
 letters from, 164, 194. 
 oath taken by, 249. 
 and Hawley Bishop, affairs of, 
 their debts, creditors and 
 flight, 343-349, 351, 355, 365, 
 376, 391, 411, 422. 
 
 , as assignees for Philip 
 
 Strode, 289, 313. 
 
 , procurator for their 
 
 creditors. See Chelebee, 
 Mahomet. 
 States General : 
 
 ambassador from, to England 
 
 ( 1 577). See Havre, Marquis de. 
 
 new consul sent by, to Aleppo, 
 
 260. 
 
 complaints to, alluded to, 337. 
 are sponsors to the infant son 
 of the Earl of Winchilsea, 221, 
 222. 
 States of the Church, passport 
 
 through, 519. 
 Stellingwerff, Vice Admiral [Dutch], 
 
 killed in battle, 375. 
 Stevens, Captain, letter from, al- 
 luded to, 330. 
 Stone, near Dartford, letter dated at, 
 
 27. 
 
 Stone, cost of, 25, 
 Story, Dr., at Yarmouth. 11. 
 
 Strafford, Earl of. See Wentworth, 
 
 Thomas. 
 Stratton [Dorset ?], letter dated from, 
 
 333. 
 
 Strettura (Alta Strettuna) [Italy], 76. 
 Strode : 
 
 Edward, factor at Smyrna, 169. 
 
 , letter signed by, 148. 
 
 Philip, debts of, 289, 313. 
 
 , assignees of. See Stanton 
 
 and Bishop, Messrs. 
 -, death of, alluded to, 289, 
 
 313. 
 Strozzi (Strozy) [Col. Philip], in La 
 
 Rochelle, 20. 
 Stuart, : 
 
 Charles, Duke of Richmond, and 
 
 the Lieutenancy of Kent, 207, 
 
 225, 509. 
 , in relation to the deputy 
 
 lieutenancy, 510. 
 Henry, Duke of Gloucester, 
 
 death of, 84, 110. 
 James, Duke of York. See 
 
 James, Duke of York. 
 Mrs., 253. 
 Stubbes, Mr., tutor for Sir Moyle 
 
 Finch's children, 28. 
 Suda [Crete], 231, 430. 
 Suffolk, resident in, 164. 
 Duke of. See Grey. 
 Lord Lieutenant of, 7. 
 Suliman, brother of the Sultan Ma- 
 homet, 522. 
 
 Sultana, a Turkish. See Yse Hannum. 
 Sumatra [Malay Archipelago], 330, 
 
 366. 
 Dutch soldiers at, mortality 
 
 amongst, 474. 
 Surat (Suratt) [India], 151, 125, 307, 
 
 366, 450, 476, 477. 
 attack on, by the rebel Sevajee, 
 
 313. 
 
 , alluded to, 366. 
 
 second attack threatened, 475. 
 Earl of Marlboro ugh leaves, 273. 
 English in, valour of, 323, 366. 
 , Aurungzebe's favour to, 
 
 323, 507. 
 English or Dutch ships at or 
 
 bound for, 243, 439, 440, 450, 
 
 453. 
 
 French at, 506. 
 lettersfrom, alluded to, 214, 313, 
 
 442. 
 
 to, 399, 404. 
 
 place near. See Suwali Marine. 
 President for the East India 
 
 Company at, 95, 151. And 
 
 see Oxinden, Sir George, 
 threatened by the Dutch, 223, 
 
 329.
 
 603 
 
 Surenden, letter dated at, 394. 
 Surinam (Seranam) [S. America], 
 
 planters in, 306. 
 Surrey (Surey), residence in, 514. 
 Susa [i.e. Souches], Count, defeats 
 
 the Turks, 327, 328. 
 Sussex, 109. 
 
 Lord Winchilsea's estates and 
 
 tenants in, 312. 321, 395, 469. 
 Sussex, Earl of. See Ratcliffe. 
 Sutton at Hone, Lath of, Kent, 42, 
 
 43. 
 Suwali (Swally) Hole [India], Dutch 
 
 war-vessels at, 366. 
 Suwali (Swallow) Marine [India], 
 
 Portuguese prisoners taken 
 
 to, 223. 
 
 news brought to, 330. 
 Sweden (Sweadland, Sweade), 135, 
 
 440, 500. 
 King of [Gustavus Adolphus], 
 
 assists Protestant cause in 
 
 Germany, 48. 
 
 King of [Charles XI], 264, 442. 
 , attitude of, towards Eng- 
 land and Germany, 415. 
 
 , negotiations and alliances 
 
 between England and, 189, 
 
 339, 418, 427. 
 -, in relation to France and 
 
 Holland, 427. 
 ambassadors from, to England, 
 161, 170. 
 
 to France, 415. 
 
 envoy to, from England, 457. 
 
 And see Coventry, Henry. 
 " like to be one " of the allies, 
 
 492. 
 
 league between England, Hol- 
 land, and. See Triple Alli- 
 ance, 
 making preparations for war, 
 
 119. 
 
 treaty with, 117, 160, 161. 
 Swiss (Switzers), the, 73. 
 
 in league with the Genevese, 
 
 69. 
 
 Switzerland, dominions of, 71. 
 impregnability of, 73. 
 proposed journey through, 445. 
 Sybilla's tree, 485. 
 Symonds, Abraham, 189. 
 Sznadia, Bishop of, recommended, 
 447. 
 
 Taaffe : 
 
 Francis, Lord, son of the Earl of 
 
 Carlingford, letter from, 447. 
 Theobald, first Earl of Carling- 
 ford, 394, 444. 
 
 , letter from, 426. 
 
 , , alluded to, 432. 
 
 , to, 432. 
 
 , his embassy at Vienna, 
 
 alluded to, 432, 447. 
 Tabriz, Tauris [Persia], Latin father 
 
 from. 507. 
 Tacitus, Illyrian bands extolled by, 
 
 460. 
 
 Taillour, John, 35. 
 Talbot : 
 
 George, Earl of Shrewsbury, 
 
 letter from, 1. 
 , chaplain of. See Moreton, 
 
 Master. 
 Francis, Earl of Shrewsbury, 
 
 2,3. 
 Sir Gilbert, sent as envoy to 
 
 Copenhagen, 339, 354. 
 , 25. 
 
 one, letters " endited " by, al- 
 luded to, 462. 
 Tangier (Tangery), 143, 268, 279, 
 
 325. 
 a " convenient port " for English 
 
 shipping, 83. 
 description of, 280. 
 forces or provisions for, 160, 
 
 415. 
 
 forts and castle at, 181. 
 garrison in, salt for, 520. 
 Governor of, Portuguese, 181. 
 , English. See Mordaunt, 
 
 Earl of Peterborough ; 
 
 Rutherford, Earl of Teviot; 
 
 Belasyse, Baron Belasyse. 
 -, post of, 85, 465. 
 
 Mole (Mould), at, building of, 
 
 280, 303. 
 to be resigned to Charles II on 
 
 his marriage with Catherine of 
 
 Braganza, 99, 160. 
 taken possession of by the Eng- 
 lish, 142, 181, 188. 
 Earl of Peterborough returning 
 
 to. See Mordaunt, Earl of 
 
 Peterborough, 
 resolutions concerning the 
 
 government of. 1 76.
 
 604 
 
 Tangier con*. 
 
 English at, 264, 276, 279, 280, 
 
 303, 388. 
 English ships from or off, 181, 
 
 264, 276, 279, 416. 
 annexation of, by England, 
 
 important for, 281. 
 fear that it may be sold by 
 
 England, 281. 
 
 Earl of Teviot at. See Ruther- 
 ford, Earl of Teviot. 
 British losses at, 324. 
 in relation to the French, 363, 
 
 367, 425. 
 secretary of Lord Winchilsea at. 
 
 See Rycaut. 
 Tarare (Terrare) [France], traveller 
 
 to, 75. 
 Tarifa (Tarriff) [Spain], Spanish 
 
 soldiers collected at, 181. 
 Tartar commanders, led in proces- 
 sion, 491. 
 Tartar Han, summoned to assist the 
 
 Grand Signer, 259. 
 prospect of war with, 413. 
 Tartarian horsemen, 219. 
 Tartars (Tartarians), the, 460. 
 
 the Chinese not so good soldiers 
 
 as, 450. 
 forces united against. See 
 
 Cossacks ; Muscovites ; 
 
 " Calmutz." 
 heads of, carried in procession, 
 
 491. 
 in relation to the Muscovites, 
 
 452, 498. 
 successful invasion of Poland 
 
 by, alluded to, 460. 
 in relation to Turkey, 416, 452. 
 Tartary : 
 
 King of, gives up his crown, 410. 
 , his son, in relation to the 
 
 Grand Signor, 416. 
 new King of, orders for his 
 
 execution, 430. 
 " the key and fortress of." See 
 
 Ozov. 
 
 slaves from, 459. 
 threatened by the King of Per- 
 sia, 449. 
 Tavannes [Jean de Saulx], Viscount 
 
 of, faction of, at Rouen (1590), 
 
 32. 
 Tavernier, Tavorneir, Tavaneer, 
 
 [Jean Baptiste de], packets in 
 
 his charge intercepted. 439. 
 in relation to jewels, 477, 482, 
 
 493, 507, 509. 
 movements of, 483. 
 report of his death a mistake. 
 
 507. 
 Tavernott, Mr., death of, 507. 
 
 Tayin (allowance), question of, 350, 
 
 375, 385. 
 Taylor (Tailer) : 
 
 Dr., a tutor at Cambridge, 12. 
 Samuel, factor at Smyrna, 100, 
 178. 
 
 letters from, 190, 194, 196. 
 
 , signed by, 113, 300. 
 
 to be treasurer at Smyrna, 
 
 163, 187. 
 
 to be vice-consul at Smyrna, 
 
 174. 
 
 sent for, to Constantinople, 
 
 175. 
 
 , his relations with the 
 
 Levant Company, 194, 195. 
 
 , resigns his treasurership, 
 
 194. 
 
 , death of, 326. 
 
 Tea, the new beverage called, 397, 
 
 413, 487. 
 Temins, false, 450, 483, 490, 491, 
 
 497. 
 
 Temple, an Ethnick, 68. 
 Temple, reader at the (Mr. Reader), 
 
 40. 
 Temple : 
 
 John, factor at Smyrna, 148, 
 
 169, 361. 
 
 Sir William, ambassador in Hol- 
 land, 513. 
 
 , negotiations for treaty 
 
 transacted by, 492. 
 Tenedos, Island of [Turkey -in- Asia], 
 
 430. 
 
 Tetuan (Tituan) [Morocco], 280. 
 Teviot, Earl of. See Rutherford. 
 Texel, the [Holland], English victory 
 over the Dutch in and near, 
 375, 387. 
 English and Dutch fleets in or 
 
 near, 426, 427, 429. 
 Thames, the, the Dutch invasion of, 
 
 reported, 474. 
 
 Thirty Years' War. See Germany. 
 Thomond, expedition into, 8. 
 Thompson (Tompson), Alderman, 
 
 120. 
 
 Thonon (Tonoon) [France], 72. 
 Thornhill, Sir Timothy, captein of 
 
 trained band, 43. 
 
 Thracian plains, the, beauty of, 247. 
 Throgmortort : 
 
 Sir Nicholas, illness and death 
 
 of, 15, 16. 
 Elizabeth, afterwards Lady 
 
 Ralegh, 34. 
 , 251, 320. 
 
 Thynne (Thinne), Sir Henry, pro- 
 posed expedition of, 40. 
 Tilbury, West, camp at, commission 
 and warrant dated from, 27.
 
 605 
 
 Timariote [in the Turkish army], 
 
 danger from, 372. 
 Tino, Island of [Cyclades], edict 
 
 concerning, 466. 
 Tirrill, Commissioner, judgment 
 
 given by, 77. 
 Tivoli [Italy], 473. 
 Toke or Tuck, Captain Nicholas, 
 commissioner for Lord Win- 
 chilsea's estates in England, 
 124 335 
 
 letters' to, 109, 217, 234, 244, 
 399, 465, 469, 487. 
 
 , noted, 341. 
 
 Tolentino (Tollentino) [Italy], 76. 
 Tomaso. Don, nephew to the Pope, 
 
 515. 
 
 his marriage arranged, 520. 
 Torres, Conde de, competitor for 
 the post of Portuguese Am- 
 bassador in England, 87. 
 Totes (Tots) [France], traveller to, 
 
 75. 
 Toulon, French fleet reported to 
 
 have sailed from, 425. 
 Toulouse, orders to, alluded to, 408. 
 Tournay College, picture at, 64. 
 Townsend : 
 
 Sir Roger, place of his burial, 71. 
 Mr., assault upon, 351. 
 Trade, a Council of, formed, 517. 
 Transylvania, 106, 139, 518. 
 
 affairs of, and warfare in, 128, 
 
 150, 153, 204, 327. 
 distressed condition of, 228, 
 
 316. 
 invasion of. See Varadin, 
 
 Bassa of. 
 Prince of : 
 
 [Bethlem Gabor], in rela- 
 tion to the Thirty Years' 
 war. 48. 
 
 John Kemenyi (Chimianus) 
 assumes the government, 
 106. 
 , defeat of, 179. 
 
 -, son of, IOC. 
 
 [Michael Apafii or Apaphi], 
 his appeal to England, 
 227, 245. 
 
 , letter from, alluded 
 
 to, 316. 
 
 , letter to. 220. 
 
 Transylvanians, the, 151. 
 Trapani (Trappany) [Sicily], ad- 
 vices from, 413. 
 Travell, Alexander, factor at Aleppo, 
 
 183, 373. 
 
 oath taken by, 260. 
 Travelling, means of profiting by, 457. 
 Travis, Mr., letter sent by, alluded to, 
 325. 
 
 Treasurer at ware ( 1 588 ). See Finch , 
 
 Sir Moyle. 
 
 Treasurer of the Household (Mr. 
 Treasurer). See Edmondes, 
 Sir Thomas. 
 Treasurer, Lord. See Wriothesley, 
 
 Earl of Southampton. 
 Trebizond (Trabizond) [Asia Minor], 
 lead mines discovered near, 
 489. 
 Trevor : 
 
 Arthur, 493. 
 
 Sir John, eldest son of. See 
 
 Trevor, John. 
 
 Jolm (afterwards Sir John), sent 
 as envoy extraordinary to 
 France, 493. 
 
 , expected recall of, 509. 
 
 , as Secretary of State, in 
 
 relation to Sir John Finch, 
 517. 
 Mr. (a lawyer), nephew and heir 
 
 of Arthur Trevor. 493. 
 Trient, Trent [Tyrol], 76. 
 Triple Alliance, the, 492 (2), 493, 504. 
 Tripoli (Tripoly), 268, 270, 330. 
 
 Bassa at, complaint against, 
 
 198. 
 negotiations with, 129, 202, 205, 
 
 213. 
 
 ratification of, treaty with, by 
 the Grand Signor. See 
 Mahomet. 
 
 piracies of, 198, 202. 
 secretary to Lord Winchilsea at. 
 
 See Rycaut. 
 
 treaty concluded with, 243, 245. 
 Tripoli-di-Syria (Soria), 272, 425, 
 
 477. 
 
 letter dated at, 271. 
 Dutch resident in, 271. 
 threat of the Turks to remove 
 the " scale " of English ship- 
 ping to, 402, 404, 408, 410, 
 425. 
 
 Vice-Consul at. See Meyer. 
 Tromp, Cornelis, Dutch Vice- 
 Admiral, report of his death, 
 375. 
 
 contradicted, 387. 
 
 his llear-Admiral blown up, 
 
 376. 
 
 his ship sunk, 387. 
 ships of, reported lost, 427. 
 Truxillo (Truxilla) [Honduras], 55. 
 Tuck. See Toke. 
 Tuddington, letters dated from, 10, 
 
 11. 
 
 Queen Elizabeth going to, 10. 
 Tufton : 
 
 Frances, Lady Tufton, letter 
 from, 42.
 
 606 
 
 Tufton cont. 
 
 Sir John, knight of the shire for 
 Kent, 120. 
 
 , his regiments, 509. 
 
 Sir Nicholas, 42 (2). 
 Tully, " offices " of, quoted, 24. 
 Tume [? Thomond], Lord of, 11. 
 Tunbridge [Kent], Queen Catherine 
 
 at, 274. 
 Wells, visit of Sir John Finch 
 
 and Dr. Baines to, 212. 
 Tunis, 81, 100, 108, 268, 270, 
 
 143. 
 agent and consul at. See Erlis- 
 
 man, John, 
 consulship of, begged from the 
 
 King, 89. 
 Dey of, 276. 
 
 General Blake's action at, al- 
 luded to, 166, 167. 
 Sir John Lawson at, 202, 205. 
 Mahometans from, 100. 
 terms of peace offered to, 129. 
 differences between England 
 
 and, ended, 213. 
 treaty concluded with, 243, 245. 
 
 , ratification of, by the 
 
 Grand Signor. See Mahomet, 
 declaration concerning, alluded 
 
 to, 318. 
 secretary to Lord Winchilsea at. 
 
 See Rycaut. 
 Cape [N. Africa], 143. 
 Turcoman, breed of horses, 458. 
 Turkey, casual notices of, passim. 
 ambassadors or envoys to : 
 
 from England. See Barton ; 
 Roe ; Hyde ; Bendyshe ; 
 Finch, Earl of Winchil- 
 sea ; Harvey. 
 
 , (former), alluded to, 
 
 262, 320. 
 
 , have never had allow- 
 ance for intelligence, 
 119. 
 
 Butch (resident), 106, 172, 
 262, 285, 291, 335. 
 
 , committed to prison, 
 
 2C7. 
 
 , expected, 407, 416, 
 
 417. 
 
 , his civilities to Lord 
 
 Winchilsea, 488. 
 -, feast given by, 488 
 
 (2), 503. 
 
 from the Emperor. Am- 
 bassador extraordinary. 
 See Lesley, Count. 
 
 , resident. See Ren- 
 
 Turkey, ambassadors or envoys 
 to cont. 
 
 from France. See La Haye. 
 
 , former, alluded to, 
 
 139, 150, 262, 428. 
 -, extraordinary, expect- 
 
 ed, 516. 
 -, agent, 340, 341. 
 
 from Genoa, 446. 
 
 , letter to, 453. 
 
 , reception of, 444, 
 
 447, 452. 
 from Poland, 464, 465. 
 
 , letter to, 470. 
 
 , expected, 204, 465. 
 
 , a former, 320. 
 
 Russian, 452, 489. 
 
 , reception of, 498. 
 
 from Spain, proposed, 
 
 opposition to, 149, 150. 
 Venetian Resident (the 
 bailo), 515. And see 
 Balarino. 
 
 , ambassador extra- 
 ordinary. See Capello. 
 Avanias in, 300, 380, 381, 390, 
 391, 411, 422, 452, 459, 480, 
 495, 518 (2), 522. 
 British embassy in, 85, 86, 253, 
 267, 309, 470. 
 
 , importance and increased 
 
 prestige of, 126, 231. 
 - , emergencies and expenses 
 connected with, 319. 
 -, previous glories of, allud- 
 
 ed to, 319, 320. 
 chaplains sent into, necessity 
 
 for high character in, 315. 
 Christian Churches in, 292. 
 Christians in, grievances of, 292. 
 - - , oppressed condition of, 
 
 142. 
 -, tribute paid by, 522. 
 
 inghen. 
 434, 442. 
 
 a new, 432, 
 
 consulships of, disposal of, 89, 
 240, 241, 255. 
 
 Court of. or the Porte, 81, 98, 
 99, 117, 126, 127, 154, 158, 
 166, 167, 172, 176, 193, 209, 
 225, 231-233, 248, 300, 316, 
 319, 322, 336, 384, 385, 393, 
 398, 407, 423, 453, 458, 470, 
 494, 499. See also Porte, the. 
 
 , designs of Venice at, 332. 
 
 , described, 522. 
 
 , dragoman of Lord Win- 
 chilsea at. tayin for, 425, 426. 
 
 , the English ambassador 
 
 should be near, or represented 
 at, 319, 336, 384, 390, 407, 
 412, 417, 423, 430, 472, 485. 
 
 , French and Dutch in- 
 
 fluence at, 423.
 
 607 
 
 Turkey, Court of, or the Porte 
 cont. 
 
 , movements of, 241, 250, 
 
 253, 259, 319, 346, 385, 516 
 (3). 
 
 English " capitulations " with, 
 alluded to, 168, 257, 346, 351, 
 390, 391, 404, 427, 430, 485. 
 
 factories in, alluded to, 
 
 202. 
 
 slaves in, 110, 111, 228. 
 
 subjects in, 286, 346. 
 
 false money in, 450, 491, 497, 519. 
 French in, 105, 169, 226, 423, 
 450, 452, 459, 508. 
 
 , dislike to or ill-treatment 
 
 of, 198, 218, 340, 341, 350, 
 412, 417, 429, 444. 
 
 , capitulations with, alluded 
 
 to, 267, 258, 407. 
 -, estates or merchandise of, 
 
 341. 
 
 influence in, decline of, 
 450, 458. 
 
 Grand Vizier or Vizier Azim (in 
 the time of Sir T. Bendysh), 
 1 66. And see Kiuprili, Moham- 
 mad and Ahmad. 
 Greek Church in, 142, 292, 297. 
 And see Constantinople. 
 
 , protection of, 231. 
 
 Latin Church in, 451. 
 merchants or trade in, 131, 139, 
 
 202, 318, 384, 411. 
 Ministers and officials of : 
 
 Agas, [officers] killed in 
 encounter with British 
 sailors, 201. 
 Bashas. corrupt practices 
 
 of, 319. 
 
 Bastangi or Bostangi Baslia 
 [Captain of the Guard], 
 332, 370. 
 
 Caimacam, Chimacham [de- 
 puty of the Grand Vizier], 
 334. 
 
 , at Adrianople [Mus- 
 tafa Bassa]. 301. 340, 351, 
 362, 364, 368, 370, 428, 
 452. 
 
 , letter from, 371. 
 
 -, alluded to, 326. 
 
 -, letter to, 427. 
 
 -, , noted, 429. 
 
 -, alluded to, 304. 
 
 -, avarice of, 265. 
 
 -, ratifications delivered 
 
 by, 291. 
 , his abuse 
 
 of the 
 French, 350. 
 
 , in relation to the 
 French Ambassador, 446. 
 
 Turkey, Ministers and officials of: 
 Caimacam cont. 
 
 , Kahya [steward] of, 
 
 visit to, 370. 
 
 , at Constantinople, 
 
 351, 452, 516. 
 
 . , [Ishmael], ap- 
 pointment of, 240. 
 
 [Useph Bassa], 
 
 313, 314. 
 Captain Baslia or Lord 
 
 Admiral, 199, 392, 495, 
 
 499, 503. 511. 
 
 , letter to, 201. 
 
 , rage of, against the 
 
 English merchants, 202. 
 ChiaBey(Chachayah,Chech- 
 
 yah, or Cheya Bey), chief 
 
 officer of the Vizier, 162, 
 
 163, 178. 
 Chiecaia of the Arsenal. 
 
 See Acmet Aga. 
 Kahya [at Adrianople], in 
 
 relation to Tayin, 385. 
 Kislir Aga or chief eunuch 
 
 of the harem or 
 
 " women " of the Grand 
 
 Signor, 182, 197. 
 , letter to, alluded to, 
 
 282. 
 Lord Chancellor of. See 
 
 Reis Cataph, below. 
 Mufti [at Adrianople], 429, 
 
 430. 
 Mutpack Emin [Clerk of the 
 
 Kitchen], his accounts 
 
 never seen, 522. 
 Odabashee of the Topgini 
 
 [chief officer of the 
 
 Arsenal], 351. 
 Reis Cataph, or Reis-Effendi 
 
 Lord Chancellor and chief 
 
 secretary, 162, 211, 265, 
 
 370, 374, 385. 
 , letter to, alluded to, 
 
 304. 
 
 /letter to. 162. 
 , letter from, alluded 
 
 to, 282. 
 -, execution of, ibid. 
 
 Softa, a, chief confident of 
 
 the Vizier of Turkey, 197. 
 Teftedar [Lord Treasurer] 
 
 at Adrianople, 385. 
 
 , business referred to, 
 
 374. 
 
 [Mahomet Bassa] sent 
 
 to be viceroy in Egypt, 
 118, 127. 
 Viziers, corrupt practices 
 
 of, 319. 
 Queen Mother of, 151, 181,
 
 608 
 
 Turkey, Queen Mother of- cont. 
 
 , her hatred of the Vizier, 
 
 197. 
 
 , refuses to sanction the 
 
 proposed murder of the 
 Sultan's brothers, 522. 
 -, leaves Adrianople, 386. 
 
 residence in, trials connected 
 with, 470, 473. 
 
 royal ladies of, title given to, 
 198. 
 
 Sultans of. See Amurath III 
 and IV ; Ibrahim ; Mahom- 
 et IV ; Mustafa I ; Osman I ; 
 Selim. 
 
 , family of (Ottoman fam- 
 ily, extinction of, feared), 
 316, 322. 
 -, their treasure stores, 522. 
 
 Sultana of, birth of a daughter 
 to, 516. 
 
 supreme authority in, over the 
 English factories, Lord Win- 
 chilsea considered as, 174. 
 
 in relation to Crete. See Crete. 
 
 and the Emperor, chances or 
 prospect of war between, 103, 
 106, 110, 111, 119, 127, 159, 
 172, 175, 179, 195-197, 211, 
 219, 225-227, 230-233, 242, 
 294. 
 
 , negotiations for peace, 200, 
 
 204, 231, 240, 241. 
 
 , preparations for war, 230, 
 
 248, 258, 288, 305. 
 
 , the war between, 322, 327, 
 
 328, 332, 341. 
 
 , prospect of peace, 336. 341. 
 
 , peace resolved on, 346. 
 
 -, ambassador sent to 
 
 conclude. See Lesley, 
 and the French, 240, 242, 291, 
 
 328, 359, 402, 412, 413, 428, 
 
 429, 442-444. 
 , chances of war between, 
 
 106, 110, 111. 
 
 , ill-treatment of the am- 
 bassador. See La Haye. 
 relations between Holland and. 
 
 See Holland, 
 chances of war between Poland 
 
 and. See Poland, 
 and Venice, the war with, 179, 
 
 291. 
 , chances of peace, 103, 111, 
 
 119, 129, 133, 231, 252, 336, 
 
 347, 430, 460. 
 , proposed mediation, 121, 
 
 122, 125, 157, 159, 173, 176, 
 
 252, 296. 
 -, renewed preparations and 
 
 Turkey con/. 
 
 in relation to Transylvania, 128. 
 admission of a Spanish minister 
 
 into, opposed, 150. 
 friendship between England and, 
 
 218, 297, 406, 427. 
 warlike preparations in, 240- 
 
 242, 254, 259, 305. 
 early trade of the Levant Com- 
 pany in, alluded to, 414. 
 Turkey Company. See Levant or 
 
 Turkey Company. 
 
 (Dutch), 488. 
 
 Turkish : 
 
 army or forces, the, 150, 179, 
 
 248, 288, 365, 523. 
 
 , described, 460. 
 
 , weak state of, 322, 346. 
 
 bastangi [i.e. soldier of the 
 
 Guard], taken prisoner, 332. 
 
 , redemption of, 370. 
 
 camp, the, 119, 372. 
 embassy, desire to obtain, 178. 
 fleet, preparations for its de- 
 parture, 196. 
 , General of. See Turkey, 
 
 Captain Basha of. 
 galleys, 226. 
 history, 318 (3), 401. 
 Janissaries or foot-soldiers, said 
 
 to have been sold in Spain, 
 
 175. 
 , Lieu tenant- General of, 
 
 office of, held by the Chia 
 
 Bey, 178. 
 language, 363. 
 , articles translated from, 
 
 74. 
 
 , written in, 205. 
 
 , documents to be written 
 
 in, 246. 
 -, letter written in, 371. 
 
 hostilities, 181, 230, 232, 259. 
 
 merchant fleet, attacked by the 
 
 Venetians, 219. 
 merchants in London, 398. 
 or Ottoman Empire, the, 96, 97, 
 
 240, 313, 368, 398, 401, 451. 
 , declining condition of, 497, 
 
 519. 
 
 , glory of, 247. 
 
 , paper on, 521 et seq. 
 
 , traveller through, 490. 
 
 officers, 503. 
 
 , patience and civility of, 
 
 501. 
 prisoners, proposed exchange of, 
 
 286, 287. 
 
 proverbs, 432, 460. 
 service, ships demanded for, 
 
 96, 392, 394. 
 Spain's or horsemen, 168, 288, 
 
 322, 372.
 
 609 
 
 Turks: 
 
 characteristics of, 120, 198, 2fi3, 
 
 323, 343, 389, 402, 417, 418, 
 
 460, 461, 489, 523. 
 conquest of Asia-Minor by, 
 
 alluded to, 478. 
 of the custom house, 252. 
 disputes between foreign re- 
 presentatives and, 267. 
 fugitive, infection carried by, 
 
 150. 
 their religion, obligations of, 
 
 523. 
 strength of, by land and sea, 
 
 112. 
 
 their wives, treatment of, 523. 
 Lord Winchilsea's power and 
 
 credit with, 252. 
 threatened by the Cossacks, 
 
 259. 
 their lack of enthusiasm for the 
 
 war with the Emperor, 310. 
 peace welcomed by, 346. 
 Turner: 
 
 Dr. Thomas, Dean of Canter- 
 bury, message concerning, 
 
 49. 
 
 , speech of, alluded to, 47. 
 
 William, letter from. 348. 
 Tuscany. Grand Duke of [Ferdinand 
 
 II], 340, 518. 
 as the " Archduke," 308. 
 ambassador expected from, 102. 
 his "fonderia," 332. 
 letter from, 120. 
 letters to, 100, 127, 145, 186, 
 
 310, 347. 
 
 pass signed by, 519. 
 patent from, alluded to, 360. 
 brother of, 120. 
 son of, 107, 145. 
 
 Tuscany, travellers through, 519. 
 Twisden or Twysden : 
 Lady, letter to, 38. 
 Sir Roger, letters from, 409, 510, 
 
 511. 
 
 , - - to, 409. 
 , in relation to the deputy 
 
 lieutenancy, 510, 511. 
 Sir Thomas, Justice of King's 
 
 Bench, in relation to Lord 
 
 Maidstone, 461, 464. 
 
 , lamb-skins to be sent to, 
 
 271, 406, 413. 
 [Sir William] son-in-law of Sir 
 
 Moyle Finch, 39. 
 Tyre (Sur) [Syria], 192. 
 
 Wt, 29495, 
 
 Ulm [Wurtemberg], 76. 
 Uniformity, bill for, passed by the 
 
 King, 200. 
 
 the Act of, dissenters from, 255. 
 Ursek Ujvar (VVyvar) or Neuhaiisel, 
 
 a town in Hungary, 282, 309, 
 
 327. 
 Useph Bassa, a vizier sent to Aleppo, 
 
 313, 314. 
 Ussain Chaous, a Turkish minister, 
 
 returns to Turkey to negotiate 
 
 for the Emperor, 231. 
 Utrecht (Utrycke), Earl of Leicester 
 
 at, 27. 
 
 letter dated at, 26. 
 travellers to, 27. 
 Uvedale, Richard, factor in Smyrna, 
 
 169, 437. 
 
 letter signed by, 148. 
 Uylett, Henry, letter from, 37. 
 Uzunkopru (Kupri) [Turkey], 269. 
 
 Valais (Vallais), Pays de [Switzer- 
 land], 72. 
 Valenciennes [France], Duke of 
 
 Alva at. 20. 
 
 Vandeiidriesche (Vandrissen, Vanden 
 Drisch), Francois, a Flemish 
 merchant in. Aleppo, 257, 258. 
 unjust imprisonment of, al- 
 luded to, 420, 421, 428. 
 Vane : 
 
 Sir Harry, execution of, 213. 
 Sir Vere, brother to the Earl 
 of Westmorland, made a 
 Deputy Lieutenant for Kent, 
 509. 
 
 Sir Walter, made Deputy Lieu- 
 tenant for Kent, 509. 
 Van Effondi, a learned Turkish 
 
 preacher, 523. 
 
 Varadin [qy. Varadia, Hungary], 151. 
 Bassa of, forces of, invade Tran- 
 sylvania, 228. 
 
 Vaughan, Richard, Earl of Carbery, 
 letter to, mentioned, 184. 
 
 FI 39
 
 610 
 
 Velles, Fr. Eusebio, Guardian of the 
 
 Holy Land, 193. 
 letters from, 113, 180, 190. 
 
 to, 142, 203. 
 
 petition of, 191. 
 death of, 281. 
 Venddme, Frar^ois de, Duke of 
 
 Beaufort, Admiral of France, 
 
 426, 427. 
 in command of the French 
 
 fleet, 433. 
 
 movements of, 413, 429. 
 reported to be displaced, 449. 
 Venetian, a. See Berti. 
 in Smyrna, 495. 
 merchant from Flanders said 
 
 to be, 420. 
 Secretary and Resident at 
 
 Candia, death of, 488. 
 Venetians, the, encounter between 
 
 the Turks and, 219. 
 Venice : 
 
 Doge, Duke or Prince of, fidelity 
 
 to, 300. 
 , faithful subject to. See 
 
 Gobbato. 
 , as godfather to the infant 
 
 son of Lord Winchilsea, 155, 
 
 205. 
 
 , letters to, 156, 205. 
 
 , , alluded to, 160. 
 
 , views of, in relation to 
 
 Turkey, not known, 173. 
 Duke and Senate of, letter from, 
 
 180. 
 
 ambassadors or bailos from : 
 to England, 121, 122, 173, 
 
 176. And see Corraro. 
 to Rome. See Corraro. 
 to Turkey. See Balarino. 
 
 , extraordinary. See 
 
 Capello. 
 ambassador to, a former. See 
 
 Feilding. 
 ambassador in, French, alluded 
 
 to, 292. 
 corpse of Signor Capello sent to. 
 
 See Capello. 
 corsairs trom, 262. 
 Ducal Palace at, letter dated at, 
 
 180. 
 
 Earl of Winchilsea at, 75, 76. 
 English Consul at. See Jones, 
 
 Giles. 
 English resident at, proposed, 
 
 288, 292, 296. 
 fleet of, 201. 
 
 , admiral of, letter to, 466. 
 
 fortresses of. See Dalmatia. 
 an Italian from, 68. 
 letters addressed to, 242, 253. 
 dated at, 80, 286. 
 
 Venice cont. 
 
 letters from, alluded to, 403, 
 
 414. 
 
 merchants of, 144, 372, 483. 
 noblemen of, imprisoned in 
 
 Turkey, 488. And see Del- 
 fine. 
 
 , " distaste " their com- 
 manders, 460. 
 
 oysters not to be eaten in, 394. 
 ports of, threatened by the 
 
 Turks, 147. 
 post of ambassador at, wished 
 
 for, 132. 
 Republic or State of, 132, 156, 
 
 157, 227, 291, 409. 
 , a prisoner of. See Acmet 
 
 Aga. 
 
 , reported designs of, 432. 
 
 San Marco, Procurator of. See 
 
 Corraro, Angelo. 
 Secretary of State at, 182. 
 seignory or senate of, 126, 150, 
 
 153, 164, 179, 253, 296. 
 
 , desire peace, 147. 
 
 , " good disposition of " 
 
 towards the King of England, 
 
 332. 
 
 , letter from, 190. 
 
 , letters to, alluded to, 121, 
 
 127, 488. 
 
 and Republic of, in relation 
 
 to Lord Winchilsea, 252, 488. 
 
 territories of, in Dalmatia. See 
 Dalmatia. 
 
 towns demanded from, by Tur- 
 key. See Suda ; Spina Longa. 
 
 treaty with, alluded to, 126. 
 Venice or the Venetians. 147, 178 
 180, 198, 213, 286, 297, 355, 
 397, 401, 404, 425, 442, 448, 
 481, 491, 500. 
 
 war of, with Turkey. See 
 Turkey. 
 
 relations between France and, 
 131, 157, 292, 351, 428, 518. 
 
 in relation to Candia, 157, 286, 
 396, 447, 489. And see Crete. 
 
 in league with England, 291. 
 
 in relation to the peace between 
 the Emperor and Turkey, 
 339. 
 
 special shoes for dragomen pro- 
 vided by, 418. 
 
 Turkish war against, ships re- 
 quired for, 428. 
 
 need for military activity by, 
 460. 
 
 rumoured correspondence be- 
 tween English ships and, 
 485. 
 Veitnenton [France], 67.
 
 611 
 
 Verney, John, factor at Aleppo, 
 
 letter signed by, 216. 
 oath taken by, 260. 
 Vianen or Vuanne (Vyenna), near 
 
 Utrecht, 27. 
 Viareggio [Italy], 519. 
 Vienna, 127, 134, 153, 178, 382, 398, 
 
 410, 447. 
 
 court of, embassy of Lord 
 Carlingf ord at, alluded to, 447. 
 Dutch triumphs at, 431. 
 entry of the Emperor and 
 
 Empress into, 444. 
 letter addressed to, 242. 
 letters dated at, 367, 426, 427, 
 
 444, 447. 
 
 negotiations at, alluded to, 432. 
 opening of English letters at, 
 
 481. 
 
 Secretary of State at, 197. 
 Villa Padierna, D. Francisco de, 
 Stratago (or Commander of 
 the Castles) at Messina, civi- 
 lity of, 89, 90. 
 Villiers : 
 
 George, 1st Duke of Buck- 
 ingham, 43, 44, 62. 
 
 , as Lord High Admiral, 48. 
 
 , visit to, alluded to, 44. 
 
 , attack upon, by the Com- 
 mons, 46. 
 -, defence of, by the King, 
 
 46. 
 
 , proposition made by, 47. 
 , visit of, to the Low 
 
 Countries, 48. 
 
 , pawns his jewels to assist 
 
 the war, 48. 
 , apologies of, 50. 
 
 , charge against, by the Earl 
 
 of Bristol, 51. 
 -, in relation to Lady Pur- 
 
 beck, 62. 
 Mary, Duchess of Buckingham, 
 
 accusation brought by, al- 
 luded to, 62. 
 Vincent, Sir William, 98, 123, 143, 
 
 265. 
 letter to, 113. 
 
 , alluded to, 94. 
 
 "j.Vinore, Earl " [qy. Count de Vi- 
 
 vonne], French General, 425. 
 Violett, Mr. . of Lynn, letter endorsed 
 
 by, 37. 
 
 Virgil, writings of. cited, 409. 
 Vizapore [Bijapur], King of. See 
 
 Deccan, the. 
 Great Mogul marching against, 
 
 441. 507. 
 Voysey, William, enquiries to be 
 
 made concerning. 325. 
 Vurla, customs of, farm of, 377. 
 
 W 
 
 Wall, Dr. [John], canon of Christ 
 Church, Oxford, death and 
 funeral of, 443. 
 executors of, ibid. 
 his successor. See Heylin. 
 Wallachia (Vallachia), Prince or 
 Vayvode of [Gregorasco], 
 150, 196, 197, 213, 231, 343. 
 father of, 150, 209. 
 flight of, 341. 
 
 former servant of. See Nicolai, 
 Grand Marshal of, 197. 
 letter from, alluded to, 150. 
 letters to, 182, 197, 209, 217, 
 
 239. 
 presents from, 209, 212, 239, 
 
 240. 
 Wallachia : 
 
 " Bojares," i.e. lords of, 448. 
 gentleman of. See Catacuse- 
 
 nos. 
 
 proposed journey through, 518. 
 Wallenger, Mr., 39. 
 Wallington [Surrey], letter dated 
 
 at, 37. 
 
 letter addressed to, 37. 
 Walrond, Amos, secretary to the 
 Duchess of Somerset, 124, 
 217, 268, 287, 290, 313, 330, 
 340. 
 
 to be " continued in his employ- 
 ment." 312, 313. 
 instructions concerning, 399. 
 Walsingham : 
 
 Francis or Sir Francis, ambassa- 
 dor at Paris, afterwarde 
 Secretary of State, letters 
 from, 18, 19, 22. 
 
 , , alluded to, 19. 
 
 , illness of, 25. 
 
 , in relation to Sir Nicholas 
 
 Poyntz, 23. 
 Mrs., alluded to, 18. 
 Sir Thomas the elder, 42. 
 Warcop. Mr., 17, 18. 
 Ward, Captain. 28. 
 Waringe, Samson, factor at Smyrna, 
 
 letter signed by, 148. 
 Warner. Frederick, late Dutch 
 
 Consul at Aleppo, 260. 
 letter sent by, 278.
 
 612 
 
 Warsaw [Poland], 92. 
 
 letter dated at, 136. 
 Russian ambassador in, 92. 
 Warwick : 
 
 Sir Philip, 88, 290. 
 
 , letter to, 112. 
 
 Lady, message from, 25. 
 Wedderburn or Wedderbourne, Dr. 
 
 [Sir John], letter to, 110. 
 Weld, John, factor at Smyrna, 148, 
 
 169. 
 Wells [Somerset], travellers to, 
 
 433. 
 Wentworth : 
 
 Sir John, 41. 
 
 , letter from, 39. 
 
 William, Earl of Stratford, 
 Order of the Garter bestowed 
 on, 141. 
 
 Wesel (Weysell) [Germany], 76. 
 West India Company (Dutch), 311, 
 
 337, 353. 
 West Indies, the, English trade with, 
 
 476. 
 
 Spanish ships from, 214. 
 Westminster, 61. 
 
 Abbey (Cathedral church), 118. 
 Abbot of [2 Richard 2], answer 
 
 given to, alluded to, 611. 
 letter dated at, 5. 
 Parliament to meet at, 43, 
 
 102. 
 Canon (Clianon) Row, house in, 
 
 44. 
 
 Hall, 510. 
 Palace of, documents dated at, 
 
 34. 
 
 School, head-mastership of, 415. 
 Whitehall, 50, 500, 511. 
 
 , Court at, letters dated at, 
 
 80, 511. 
 -, King, Lords and Judges 
 
 at, 49. 
 
 , letters etc. dated at, 80- 
 82, 101, 116, 118, 128, 133, 
 134, 153, 156, 157, 159, 160, 
 166, 172, 176, 180, 187, 199, 
 206, 213, 214, 221, 245, 253, 
 277, 295 (2), 339, 349, 358, 
 369, 375, 437, 442, 464, 490, 
 (2), 491, 517. 
 -, parliament summoned to, 
 
 49. 
 
 -, speech delivered at, 45. 
 
 Westmorland, Earl of, brother of. 
 
 See Vane. 
 Weston, Henry, 73. 
 
 petitions of, 73, 74. 
 Westphalia, circle of, 355. 
 Whincop. Thomas, factor at Aleppo, 
 
 183. 
 oath taken by, 238. 
 
 White, Arnold, factor at Smyrna^ 
 62, 94, 102, 104, 115, 137, 
 166 (2), 169, 174 (2), 178. 
 259. 
 
 letters from, 107, 109, 275, 406,. 
 letter signed by, 148. 
 business arrangements with, 270, 
 
 271. 
 
 goods sent to, stoppage of, 326. 
 Whitsun Eve, signs and portents on, 
 
 323. 
 
 Whorwood, Brome, 208. 
 Wiatt, George (brother-in-law of 
 Moyle Finch), letter from, 
 24. 
 
 Wicke, Henrick Van der, Dutch 
 
 agent in Persia, English 
 
 packages intercepted by, 439. 
 
 takes possession of diamond, 
 
 477. 
 
 jewels bought and sold by, 482. 
 ring sold to, alluded to, 509. 
 death of, 449, 466, 509. 
 Wigly, Mr., 326. 
 
 Wilf ord, Sir Thomas, sent as muster- 
 master to Kent, 34. 
 Wilkins or Wilkyns, John, servant of 
 
 Lord Cobham, 4, 5. 
 Williams, Walter (Water), in France, 
 
 20. 
 
 Williamson, Joseph, afterwards Sir 
 Joseph, letters from, 277, 295, 
 375. 
 
 letters to, 248, 450. 
 documents endorsed by, 343. 
 Willoughby, Francis, Lord Willough- 
 
 by, in Barbados, 470. 
 disaster to, alluded to, 445. 
 Wiltshire, 116. 
 Wimbledon [Surrey], 74. 
 the church at, 302. 
 house of the Earl of Bristol at, 
 
 303. 
 
 Wimborne St. Giles, Lord Ashley of. 
 See Cooper, Sir Anthony 
 Ashley. 
 
 Winchester, Bishop of. See Poynet. 
 Winchester. Marchioness of, death 
 
 of, 102. 
 Winchilsea : 
 
 Earl of. See Finch, Heneage. 
 
 Countess of, 110, 131, 155, 175, 
 
 222, 260, 279, 285, 291, 295, 
 
 334, 386, 387, 401, 461, 463, 
 
 466, 480, 483, 487, 496, 515. 
 
 , an attendant of, marries 
 
 the son of Sir George Benyon, 
 196. 
 
 , birth of her children, 153, 
 
 154, 156, 163, 171, 222, 225, 
 265, 308. 
 , her coat of arms, 340.
 
 613 
 
 Winchilsea, Countess of cont. 
 
 , health of, 151, 308, 405, 
 
 443, 445, 457, 459, 482. 
 
 , horse-litter for, 230. 
 
 -, letters from, alluded to, 
 
 493, 512. 
 
 -, letter to, alluded to, 265. 
 -, messages from, 252, 254, 
 
 260, 340, 364, 417, 418, 445, 
 448, 457. 
 
 to, 77, 83, 102, 117, 
 
 405. 
 -, movements of, 89, 225, 
 
 250, 464, 482, 483, 484, 486, 
 488, 489, 493, 511, 514. 
 -, presents to, 86, 349, 
 
 406. 
 
 , proposals and arrange- 
 ments concerning, 430, 445, 
 446, 459, 473, 482. 
 
 , at Smyrna, 483-485. 
 -, in relation to her hus- 
 
 band's affairs, 484, 485, 
 504. 
 
 , services to, alluded to, 
 
 490, 514. 
 
 , " serving-woman " for. 
 
 See Pickering, Mrs. 
 
 , mother of. See Somerset, 
 
 - Duchess of. 
 
 , sister of. See Southamp- 
 ton, Countess of. 
 Windham, Windam : 
 
 Judge, 454. 
 
 [Elizabeth], her marriage to 
 Lord Maidstone. See Finch, 
 William, Lord Maidstone. 
 
 , letters to, alluded to, 462. 
 
 Windsor, letter dated at, 8. 
 Wines : 
 
 Florence, 308, 316, 340. 
 
 Hippocras or Ipocras, 15, 16. 
 
 Italian, 316, 465. 
 
 Madeira, 12. 
 
 Muscadine, 254. 
 
 Palermo (Palermo), 371. 
 
 Rhenish, 254. 
 
 Smyrna, red, 406. 
 
 Tenedos (Tenido), 427, 432. 
 Winter : 
 
 Captain, 277. 
 
 Sir Edward, ex-agent at Fort 
 St. George, raises a mutiny 
 and seizes the authority there, 
 441, 442, 506. 
 
 Witt, Jolin de, in relation to the 
 treaty between England and 
 Holland, 455, 456. 
 Woking (Okyng, Okyns) : 
 
 letter dated at, 6. 
 
 Queen Elizabeth going to, ibid. 
 Wood, John, factor at Aleppo, 183. 
 
 Wt. 29495. 
 
 Woodgreene, Captain, of the Prudent 
 Mary, in relation to John 
 Broadgate, 315, 323. 
 Woodruffe, Benjamin, tutor to 
 Daniel Finch at Oxford, 208. 
 211, 237, 245, 414, 433, 444. 
 invitation to, 229. 
 marriage of, alluded to, 409. 
 message from, 403. 
 messages to, 209, 249, 326. 
 suggested as Dr. Busby's suc- 
 cessor at Westminster, 415. 
 Woodstock (Wodstock), letter dated 
 
 at, 20. 
 
 Worcester, Earl of. See Somerset. 
 
 Wotton,' Watton [co. York], Lord 
 
 Winchilsea's estate at, 320, 
 
 392. 
 
 directions concerning, 234, 312, 
 
 320. 
 new works at, " run to ruin," 
 
 392. 
 plans for its improvement, 320, 
 
 469. 
 
 the abbey at, 320. 
 Wotton : 
 
 Henry, letter from, 22. 
 Master, 22. 
 Wren, Matthew, secretary to the 
 
 Earl of Clarendon, 483. 
 Wriothesley, Thomas, Earl of South- 
 ampton, Lord Treasurer, 103, 
 110, 112, 124, 131, 145, 212, 
 241, 454. 
 letters from, 154, 264, 294, 333, 
 
 436. 
 
 letters to, 83-100 passim, 121, 
 123, 127, 131, 139, 146, 149, 
 152, 157, 167, 171, 177, 181, 
 200, 203, 206, 219, 225, 252, 
 267, 309, 317 (2), 326, 378. 
 
 , alluded to, 154, 184, 208, 
 
 342, 382. 
 noted, 342. 
 
 his health drunk, 87. 
 
 illness of, 256, 359. 
 
 present to, 287. 
 
 and the Lord Lieutenancy of 
 
 Kent, 206, 207, 225. 
 in relation to Lord Winchilsea's 
 
 affaire, 287, 290, 293, 434, 436, 
 
 461. 
 death of, alluded to, 472 (2), 
 
 473, 486. 
 daughter of, marriage of, 252, 
 
 272 
 
 Wroth, Wrothe : 
 Sir Robert, 39. 
 Sir Thomas. 3. 
 Wye [Kent], 335. 
 school at, 313. 
 sons of Lord Winchilsea at, 510. 
 
 FI 40
 
 614 
 
 Wyne [T the Vine], Queen Elizabeth 
 
 going to, 11. 
 Wywar. See Ursek Ujvar. 
 
 Yamboli, Grand Signer going to, 
 
 336. 
 
 Yarmouth, traveller to, 11. 
 Yaslovietz [Poland], tetter dated at, 
 
 91. 
 
 Yates, James, sent to the Bastile, 64. 
 Yaxley, Francis, document signed 
 
 by, 3. 
 Yerlichioe, Yerlikai, Yarlique, Yar- 
 
 lichioi, 265. 
 letters dated at, 153, 155, 329, 
 
 461, 462 (2). 
 York, 25 (2). 
 
 Archbishop of [Edwin Sandes], 
 
 25. 
 Duke of. See James, Duke of 
 
 York. 
 Anne, Duchess of, 113. 
 
 Yorkshire, estates of the Earl of 
 Winchilsea in. See Wotton. 
 judges going into, 298. 
 Ysuf Chaous. See Cornaro, Richard. 
 Ypres, Bishop of. See Jansen. 
 
 Zachari Effendi, an officer of the 
 
 Bassa of Morea, 201. 
 Zacharlichioi (Zacherichioi), letters 
 
 etc. dated at, 142 (2), 144- 
 
 150, 156. 
 Zamosc [Poland], letter dated at, 
 
 196. 
 Zamoski or Zamoisky, Joannes, 
 
 Prince of Poland, letter from, 
 
 196 
 
 letter to, 202. 
 Zeeland, Zeland, 129, 130. 
 
 Admiral of. See Eversen. 
 Dutch fleet retreats to, 426, 427. 
 Zekelhyd, surrender of, 327.
 
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 6 
 
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 1877 
 
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 1884 
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 1884 
 
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 Out of 
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 Out of 
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 1883 
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 1889 
 
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 1892 
 
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 1894 
 
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 1885 
 
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 1887 
 1887 
 1887 
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 1887 
 
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 1887 
 
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 1888 
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 2 
 
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 1888 
 1888 
 
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 1889 
 
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 1888 
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 2 
 
 1889 
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 2 li 
 1 11
 
 Date 
 
 
 No. of 
 
 
 
 
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 1891 
 1891 
 
 1891 
 1892 
 
 APPENDICES AND INDEXES cant. 
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 (9.) Duke of Beaufort, E.G., Earl of 
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 1891 
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 This is introductory to the following 
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 C. 6474 
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 1892 
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 1892 
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 1893 
 
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 C. 6810 
 
 C. 6822 
 C. 7166 
 
 C. 7241 
 
 2 7 
 2 4 
 
 2 4 
 1 4 
 
 1 3 
 
 1893 
 1896 
 
 (8.) First Earl of Charlemont. Vol. II. 
 FOURTEENTH REPORT 
 
 C. 7424 
 C. 7983 
 
 1 11 
 
 3 
 
 1894 
 1894 
 1894 
 
 1894 
 
 This is introductory to the following 
 APPENDICES AND INDEXES : 
 (1.) Duke of Rutland, G.C.B. Vol. III. 
 (2.) Duke of Portland. Vol. Ill 
 (3.) Duke of Roxburghe ; Sir H. II. Campbell, 
 Bart. ; Earl of Strathmore ; Countess 
 Dowager of Seafield. 
 (4 ) Lord Kenyon ... 
 
 C. 7476 
 C. 7569 
 C. 7570 
 
 C. 7571 
 
 1 11 
 2 8 
 1 2 
 
 2 10 
 
 1896 
 1895 
 
 1895 
 
 (5.) J. B. Fortescue, Esq., of Droprnore. Vol. II. 
 (6.) House of Lords, 1692-93 ... 
 (For continuation of the Manuscripts of the 
 House of Lords, see p. viii.) 
 (7.) Marquis of Ormonde... ... ... 
 
 C. 7572 
 C. 7573 
 
 C. 7678 
 
 2 8 
 1 11 
 
 1 10 
 
 1895 
 
 1895 
 
 1895 
 1899 
 
 (8.) Lincoln, Bury S. Edmunds, Hertford, and 
 Great Grimsby Corporations ; Dean and 
 Chapter of Worcester, aud of Lichfield ; 
 Bishop's Registry of Worcester. 
 (9.) Earl of Buckinghamshire ; Earl of 
 Lindsey ; Earl of Onslow ; Lord Emly ; 
 T. J. Hare, Esq., J. Round, Esq., M.P. 
 (10.) Earl of Dartmouth. Vol. II. American 
 Papers. 
 FIFTEENTH REPORT , 
 
 C. 7881 
 
 C. 7882 
 
 C. 7883 
 C. 9295 
 
 1 5 
 
 2 6 
 
 2 9 
 4 
 
 1896 
 
 This is introductory to the following 
 APPENDICES AND INDEXES : 
 (1.) Earl of Dartmouth. Vol. Ill 
 
 C. 8156 
 
 1 5 
 
 1897 
 1897 
 
 1897 
 1897 
 1897 
 1897 
 
 (2.) J. Eliot Hod^kin, Esq 
 (3.) Charles Haliday, Esq., of Dublin ; Acts of 
 the Privy Council in Ireland, 1556-1571 ; 
 Sir William Usshers's Table to the Council 
 Book ; Table to the Red Council Book. 
 (4.) Duke of Portland. Vol. IV 
 (5.) Right Hon. F. J. Savile Foljambe 
 (6.) Earl of Carlisle. Castle Howard 
 (7.) Duke of Somerset ; Marquis of Ailesbury ; 
 Sir F. G. Puleston, Bart. 
 
 C. 8327 
 C. 8364 
 
 C. 8497 
 C. 8550 
 C. 8551 
 C. 8552 
 
 1 8 
 1 4 
 
 2 11 
 
 10 
 3 6 
 1 9
 
 vii 
 
 Date. 
 
 
 
 No. of 
 Paper. 
 
 Price. 
 
 1897 
 
 APPENDICES AND INDEXES wnt. 
 (8.) Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry, at 
 
 C. 8553 
 
 /. d. 
 1 4 
 
 
 Drumlanrig. Vol. I 
 
 
 
 1897 
 
 (9.) J. J. Hope Johnstone, Esq., of Annandale 
 
 C. 8554 
 
 1 
 
 1899 
 
 (10.) Shrewsbury and Coventry Corporations ; 
 
 C. 9472 
 
 1 
 
 
 Sir H. O. Corbet, Bart., Earl of Radnor, 
 
 
 
 
 P. T. Tillard, J. R. Carr-Ellison, Andrew 
 
 
 
 
 Kingsmill, Esqs. 
 
 
 
 
 MANUSCRIPTS IN THE WELSH LANGUAGE : 
 
 
 
 1898 
 
 Vol.1. Lord Mostyn, at Mostyn Hall 
 
 C. 8829 
 
 1 4 
 
 1899 
 
 Vol. I. Part II. W. R. M. Wynne, Esq., of 
 
 C. 9468 
 
 2 11 
 
 
 Peniarth. 
 
 
 
 1905 
 
 Vol. I. Part III. Peniarth. Sir T. Williams ; 
 
 Cd. 2443 
 
 8 
 
 
 John Jones, Robert Vaughan, Esqs. 
 
 
 
 1902 
 
 Vol. II. Part I. Jesus College, Oxford ; Free 
 
 Cd. 1100 
 
 1 9 
 
 
 Library, Cardiff ; Havod ; Wrexham ; Llan- 
 
 
 
 
 wrin ; Merthyr ; Aberdar. 
 
 
 
 1903 
 
 Vol. II. Part II. Plas Llan Stephan ; Free 
 
 Cd. 1692 
 
 1 8 
 
 
 Library, Cardiff. 
 
 
 
 1905 
 
 Vol. II. Part III. Panton ; Cwrtmawr 
 
 Cd. 2444 
 
 8 
 
 1910 
 
 Vol. II. Part IV. The British Museum 
 
 Cd. 5353 
 
 1 
 
 1899 
 
 Manuscripts. Duke of Buccleuch and Queens- 
 
 C. 92 14 
 
 2 7 
 
 
 berry, E.G., K.T., at Montagu House, Whitehall. 
 
 
 
 
 Vol. I. 
 
 
 
 1903 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. II. (Part I.) 
 
 Cd. 930 
 
 1 10 
 
 1903 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. II. (Part II.) 
 
 Cd. 930-i 
 
 1 11 
 
 1903 
 
 Ditto. Ditto, at Drumlanrig Castle. Vol. II. ... 
 
 Cd. 1827 
 
 1 1 
 
 1899 
 
 Ditto. Marquess of Ormonde, K.P., at Kilkenny 
 
 C. 9245 
 
 2 
 
 
 Castle. Vol. II. 
 
 
 
 1909 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Index to Vols. I. and II 
 
 Cd. 4774 
 
 11J 
 
 1902 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. New Series. Vol. I. 
 
 Cd. 929 
 
 1 7 
 
 1903 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. Vol. II 
 
 Cd. 1691 
 
 1 10 
 
 1904 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. Vol. Ill 
 
 Cd. 1963 
 
 2 
 
 1906 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. Vol. IV 
 
 Cd. 3008 
 
 3 
 
 1908 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. Vol. V 
 
 Cd. 4116 
 
 2 10 
 
 1910 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. Vol. VI 
 
 Cd. 5288 
 
 2 6 
 
 1912 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. Vol. VII 
 
 Cd. C255 
 
 2 6 
 
 1904 
 
 Ditto. Mrs. Stopford-Sackville. Vol. I 
 
 Cd. 1892 
 
 1 10 
 
 1910 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. II 
 
 Cd. 5038 
 
 1 6 
 
 1899 
 
 Ditto. Duke of Portland, K.G. Vol. V 
 
 C. 9466 
 
 2 9 
 
 1901 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. VI., with Index to Vol8.III.-VI. 
 
 Cd. 676 
 
 1 9 
 
 1901 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. VII 
 
 Cd. 78-3 
 
 2 3 
 
 1907 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. VIII 
 
 Cd. 3475 
 
 1 10 
 
 1899 
 
 Ditto. J. M. Heathcote, Esq 
 
 C. 9469 
 
 1 3 
 
 1899 
 
 Ditto. J. B. Fortescue, Esq. Vol. Ill 
 
 C. 9470 
 
 3 1 
 
 1905 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. IV 
 
 Cd. 2233 
 
 2 6 
 
 1906 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. V 
 
 Cd. 2811 
 
 2 4 
 
 1908 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. VI 
 
 Cd. 3670 
 
 2 5 
 
 1910 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. VII 
 
 Cd. 5290 
 
 1 11 
 
 1912 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. VIII 
 
 Cd. 5732 
 
 9 7 
 
 1899 
 
 Ditto. F. W. Leyborne-Popham, Esq. 
 
 C. 9471 
 
 i 1 
 
 T C 
 
 1900 
 
 Ditto. Mrs. Frankland-Russell-Astley 
 
 Cd. 282 
 
 2 
 
 1900 
 
 Ditto. Lord Montagu of Beaulieu 
 
 Cd. 283 
 
 1 
 
 1900 
 
 Ditto. Beverley Corporation ... ... ... 
 
 Cd. 284 
 
 i i 
 
 1901 
 
 Manuscripts. Various Collections. Vol. I. Corpo- 
 
 Cd. 784 
 
 1 A 
 
 2 
 
 
 rations of Berwick-on-Tweed, Burford and Lost- 
 
 
 
 
 withiel ; Counties of Wilts and Worcester ; Bishop 
 
 
 
 
 of Chichester ; Dean and Chapter of Chichester, 
 
 
 
 
 Canterbury, and Salisbury. 
 
 
 
 1903 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. II. Sir Geo. Wombwell, Duke 
 
 Cd. 932 
 
 2 4 
 
 
 of Norfolk, Lord Edmund Talbot (the Shrewsbury 
 Papers), Miss Buxton, Mrs. Harford and Mrs. 
 
 
 
 
 Wentworth of Woolley. 
 
 
 
 1904 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. III. T. B. Clarke-Thornhill, 
 
 Cd. 1964 
 
 1 6 
 
 
 Esq., Sir T. Barrett-Lennard, Bart., Pelham R. 
 
 
 
 
 Papillon, W. Cleverly Alexander, Esqs. 
 

 
 viii 
 
 Date. 
 
 
 
 No. of 
 Paper. 
 
 Price. 
 
 
 
 
 . d. 
 
 1907 
 
 Manuscripts. Various Collections. Vol. IV. Bishop 
 
 Cd. 3218 
 
 1 9 
 
 
 of Salisbury ; Bishop of Exeter ; Dean and Chap- 
 
 
 
 
 ter of Exeter ; Earl of Leicester ; Sir W. Clayton, 
 
 
 
 
 Bart. ; Major Money-Kyrle ; F. H. T. Jervoise, 
 
 
 
 
 Esq. ; Glemham Hall : Corporations of Salisbury, 
 
 
 
 
 Orford and Aldeburgh. 
 
 
 
 1909 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. V. Colonel Mordaunt Hay of 
 
 Cd. 4600 
 
 1 4 
 
 
 Duns Castle ; Sir Archibald Edmonstone of 
 
 
 
 
 Duntreath ; Sir John Graham of Fintry. 
 
 
 
 1909 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. VI. Miss M. Eyre Matcham ; 
 
 Cd. 4382 
 
 2 3 
 
 
 Captain H. V. Knox ; C. Wykeham-Martin, 
 
 
 
 
 K. B. Tighe, Esqs., Lord Oranmore and Browne. 
 
 
 
 1902 
 
 Calendar of the Stuart Manuscripts at Windsor 
 
 Cd. 927 
 
 2 11 
 
 
 Castle, belonging to His Majesty the King. 
 
 
 
 
 Vol. I. 
 
 
 
 1904 
 
 Ditto. Vol. II 
 
 Cd. 2189 
 
 2 9 
 
 1907 
 
 Ditto. Vol. Ill . 
 
 Cd. 3430 
 
 2 10 
 
 1910 
 
 Ditto. Vol. IV 
 
 Cd. 5046 
 
 2 9 
 
 1912 
 
 Ditto. Vol. V 
 
 Cd. 6163 
 
 3 1 
 
 1902 
 
 Manuscripts of Colonel David Milne-Home, of 
 
 Cd. 931 
 
 1 4 
 
 
 Wedderburn Castle, N.B. 
 
 
 
 1904 
 
 Ditto. Marquess of Bath, at Longleat, Wiltshire. 
 
 Cd. 2048 
 
 1 9 
 
 
 Vol. I. 
 
 
 
 1907 
 
 Ditto Ditto. Vol. II. 
 
 Cd. 3474 
 
 1 
 
 1908 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. III. (Prior papers) 
 
 Cd. 3849 
 
 2 5 
 
 1904 
 
 American Manuscripts in the Royal Institution of 
 
 Cd. 2201 
 
 2 3 
 
 
 Great Britain. Vol. I. 
 
 
 
 1906 
 
 Ditto Vol II 
 
 Cd. 2897 
 
 2 6 
 
 1907 
 
 Ditto Vol. Ill 
 
 Cd. 3669 
 
 1 11 
 
 1909 
 
 Ditto Vol. IV 
 
 Cd. 4773 
 
 2 8 
 
 1904 
 
 SIXTEENTH REPOKT (containing a list of the 
 
 Cd. 2209 
 
 9 
 
 
 owners of Manuscripts upon whose collections 
 
 
 
 
 Reports have been made to July, 1904). 
 
 
 
 1904 
 
 Manuscripts of the Earl of Mar and Kellie, at 
 
 Cd. 2190 
 
 2 7 
 
 
 Alloa House, N.B. 
 
 
 
 1905 
 
 Ditto Lady Du Cane ... ... ... ... ... 
 
 Cd. 2367 
 
 2 6 
 
 1905 
 
 Ditto. Marquess of Lothian, at Blickling Hall ... 
 
 Cd. 2319 
 
 2 2 
 
 1905 
 
 Ditto. Earl of Egmont. Vol. I. Part I 
 
 Cd. 2318 
 
 1 8 
 
 1905 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. I. Part II 
 
 Cd. 2570 
 
 1 9 
 
 1909 
 
 Ditto. Ditto. Vol. II 
 
 Cd. 4599 
 
 1 3 
 
 1905 
 
 Ditto. Duke of Rutland. Vol. IV. 
 
 Cd. 2606 
 
 2 9 
 
 1906 
 
 
 Cd. '2973 
 
 1 4 
 
 1906 
 
 Ditto. (Franciscan) at the Convent, Merchants' 
 
 Cd. 2867 
 
 1 4 
 
 
 Quay, Dublin. 
 
 
 
 1907 
 
 Ditto. Dean and Chapter of Wells 
 
 Cd. 2810 
 
 2 11 
 
 1907 
 
 Ditto. Earl of Ancaster, Grimsthorpe 
 
 Cd. 3429 
 
 2 7 
 
 1907 
 
 SEVENTEENTH REPORT (containing a list of the 
 
 Cd. 3737 
 
 11 
 
 
 owners of Manuscripts upon whose collections 
 
 
 
 
 Reports have been made to June, 1907). 
 
 
 
 1910 
 
 .Manuscripts of Lord Polwarth. Vol. I 
 
 Cd. 5289 
 
 2 11 
 
 1911 
 
 Ditto. Earl of Denbigh, at Newnharn Pacjdox, 
 
 Cd. 5565 
 
 1 7 
 
 
 Warwickshire. Part V. ^^ 
 
 
 
 1911 
 
 Ditto. Lord Middleton, at Wollaton Hal/..>' ... 
 
 Cd. 5567 
 
 3 
 
 1911 
 
 Ditto. Pepys, Magdalene College, Cwnbrwge 
 
 Cd. 5721 
 
 1 7 
 
 1913 
 
 Ditto. A. G. Finch, Esq., Rutland.^ Vol. I. 
 
 Cd. 6508 
 
 2 8 
 
 
 Manuscripts of the House of Lb9fe, in continuation 
 
 
 
 
 of those published in the/Appendices to the 
 
 
 
 
 Fourteenth Report (6) on page vi., are now 
 
 
 
 
 * 
 
 published as Sessional Papers of the House of 
 
 
 
 
 Lords ; viz. : 
 
 
 
 1900 
 
 Vol. I. New Series. 1693-1695 
 
 H.L. (5) 
 
 2 2 
 
 1903 
 
 Vol. II. Ditto. 1695-1697 
 
 H.L. (18) 
 
 2 9 
 
 1905 
 
 Vol. III. Ditto. 1697-1699 
 
 H.L. (175) 
 
 2 
 
 1908 
 
 Vol. IV. Ditto. 1699-1702 
 
 H.L. (7) 
 
 2 9 
 
 1910 
 
 Vol. V. Ditto. 1702-1704 
 
 H.L. (62) 
 
 2 8 
 
 1912 
 
 Vol. VI. Ditto. 1704-1706 
 
 H.L. (142) 
 
 2 1
 
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