r7\ : 
 
 Authors' & Printers' 
 q£^ Dictionary 
 
 ^* ' i- Authors, Editors, Printers, Correctors 
 I Press, Compositors, and Typists 
 
 With full list of Abbreviations 
 
 An Attempt to codify the best Typographical 
 Practices of the Present Day 
 
 by 
 
 F. HOWARD COLLINS 
 
 Author of 
 **An Epitome of the Sjiithetic Philosophy of Herbert Spencer'* 
 
 With the assistance of many Authors, Editors 
 Printersr and Correctors of the Press 
 
 des' Association 
 ipciation, by the 
 Id by tlie Ex'"cu- 
 tors of the Press 
 
 Fourth Edition (Fifth Inrpression) Revised by 
 HORACE HART, ControUer of the Oxford University Press 
 
 Henry Frowde 
 
 London, Edinburgh, Glasgow, New York, Toronto 
 Melbourne & Bombay 
 
 Price One Shilling net 
 
GIFT OF 
 Dean Frank H. Probert 
 
c:^L<AJ^^y<^ ^^o^*^ 
 
Digitized by the Internet Arciiive 
 
 in 2007 with funding from 
 
 IVIicrosoft Corporation 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/authorsprintersdOOcollrich 
 
Authors' & Printers' 
 Dictionary 
 
 Guide for Authors, Editors, Printers, Correctors 
 of the Press, Compositors, and Typists 
 
 With full list of Abbreviations 
 
 An Attempt to dodify^the best Typographical 
 Practices- -bf ^e Present- Day 
 
 F. HOWARD COLLINS 
 
 Author of 
 An Epitome of the Synthetic Philosophy of Herbert Spencer'' 
 
 With the assistance of many Authors, Editors 
 Printers, and Correctors of the Press 
 
 Approved by the Master Printers' and Allied Trades' Association 
 of London, by the Edinburgh Master Printers' Association, by the 
 Belfast Printing Trades Employers' Association, and by the Execu- 
 tive Committee of the London Association of Correctors of the Press 
 
 Fourth Edition (Fifth Impression) Revised by 
 HORACE HART, Controller of the Oxford University Press 
 
 Henry Frowde 
 
 London, Edinburgh, Glasgow, New York, Toronto 
 Melbourne & Bombay 
 
 1912 
 

 GIFT QW ^-^/aV^- Vo 
 
 «iMlM(a 0£f I. 
 
 /^fW/ Edition, March 1905 
 
 Second Impression, April 1905 
 
 Second Edition, September 1905 
 
 Third Edition, March 1909 
 
 Fourth Edition {Fifth Impression), October 191 2 
 
NOTE 
 TO THE FIFTH IMPRESSION 
 
 THE present edition has been revised under 
 my direction ; Mr. F. Howard Collins having 
 died on Nov. i6, 1910. 
 
 In going through the pages it has been 
 noticed that a number of other persons have died 
 since the first edition was issued ; and where 
 dates could be ascertained correction has been 
 made. There are doubtless further entries 
 which ought to be amended, but it would 
 involve very great labour to verify all dates, 
 even if material for doing so were readily 
 available ; and the question has no bearing on 
 the correctness of the spellings adopted. 
 
 In cases where the plan of this work differs 
 (as in the matter of single and double quota- 
 tions) from the practice of the Oxford Press, 
 Mr. Collins's plan has been left unaltered. 
 The reasons which he had for undertaking 
 the work originally, and the methods on which 
 he proceeded, having been fully set out in 
 earlier editions, are not repeated here. 
 
 HORACE HART. 
 Oxford : Oct. 191 2. 
 
% 
 
i^— ABBB. 
 
 An asterisk* denotes a spelling used In the 
 ** Oxford English Dictionary." Words in claren- 
 don italic type should be printed in italic. / is used 
 for the purpose of compression ; e. g. abbreviat/e, 
 -or = abbreviate, abbreviator. 
 
 A., Academician, Academy, 
 amateur, artillery, the first 
 in a series, all proper 
 names beginning with this 
 initial, (mus.) alto. 
 
 a., acre, active, 
 
 a, not an, before all words 
 beginning with a conso- 
 nant, or with the sound 
 of w, whj or y^ as : a 
 eulogy, a euphony, a Eu- 
 ropean, a ewe, a ewer, a 
 herb, -al, a honorarium, 
 a hope, a horse, a hospital, 
 a humble, a one, a oneness, 
 a unanimous, a unicorn, a 
 uniform, a union, a unison, 
 a unit, a universe, -al, -ity, 
 a useful, a usurper. (S^^ 
 
 ^^ a/50 •* an, «o/ a,**) 
 
 A, a, in German, may not be 
 replaced by^^, a^ (except 
 in some proper names), 
 A, a, or ^, «. "The 
 modified vowels, whether 
 used as capitals or as small 
 letters, take the Umlaut 
 sign above them." (Prus- 
 sian Minister of Education, 
 1880.) The first only of 
 two vowels takes the 
 Umlaut sign, as du. 
 
 a, the <' Swedish a" {see 
 Swedish). 
 
 @, at, the "commercial a" 
 (used only in quoting 
 prices). 
 
 Al*, "first-class" ships in 
 "Lloyd's Register." 
 
 A.A., Associate of Arts; 
 A. A. A., Amateur Athletic 
 Association ; A.A.A.S., 
 American Association for 
 the Advancement of Sci- 
 ence ; A.A.C., anno ante 
 
 Christum (in the year be- 
 fore Christ) (s.caps.) ; 
 A.A.G., Assistant-Adju- 
 tant - General ; a. a, O, 
 (Ger.), ant angefuhrten 
 Orte (at the place quot- 
 ed) ; A. A. of A., Auto- 
 mobile Association of 
 America ; A.A.P.S., 
 American Association for 
 the Promotion of Sci- 
 ence ; A.A.S., Fellow of 
 American Academy of 
 Arts and Sciences ; 
 A.. A.B.8., Americans An- 
 tiquarianseSocietatis Socius 
 (Fellow of the American 
 Antiquarian Society). 
 
 A .B . *, ,^ rtiu m Baccala u reus 
 (Bachelor of Arts) ; able- 
 bodied [seaman]. 
 
 abj (Lat.), from ; — ante, 
 from before. 
 
 abac/us* (arch.), plate at 
 top of a column ; pi, -i*. 
 
 Abar, Assam, not -or. 
 
 a bas (Fr.), down with. 
 
 abatable *, not -eable. 
 
 a batons rompus (Fr.), 
 by fits and starts. 
 
 abattuj (Fr.), fern, -e, de- 
 jected. 
 
 abb., abbess, abbey, abbot. 
 
 abb§* (Fr. m.), title (not 
 ital.). 
 
 Abbeokuta, W. Africa, 
 use Abeo-. 
 
 Abbildung (Ger. typ. f.), 
 a cut or picture (cap.). 
 
 Abbot, family name of 
 Baron Colchester. 
 
 Abbott, family name of 
 Baron Tenterden. 
 
 Abbottabad, Punjab. 
 
 abbr., abbreviated, -ion. 
 1 
 
ABBREV JAT31 - A3EST 
 
 abbreviat/e ♦, -or *. 
 
 abbreviation, inFr. abr^-, 
 
 abbreviations. 
 
 — punctuation : a full point 
 after all contracted words 
 or phrases, except chemi- 
 cal and math, symbols {see 
 also county). 
 
 When abbreviation ends 
 sentence, one point only. 
 Capitalization as in full 
 word or words. Initials of 
 an abbreviation should not 
 be divided by end of line. 
 {See also the word itself 
 and punctuation, XXI. 
 
 2.) 
 
 AbbreviationsforliOng- 
 hand recognized by 
 printers, agreed to at the 
 International Shorthand 
 Congress, 1887, with a few 
 additions marked f : 
 
 a, . ; about, ab* ; accordingf, 
 ace. ; account, ace* ; adver- 
 tisementf, ad, or advt; 
 affectionatef, afF; affec- 
 tionatelyt, aflf'^ ; after- 
 noon, aft° ; again, ag^ ; 
 against, ag"* ; Americaf, 
 Amer. ; among, ams ; 
 amount, am*; -ance, -*'* ; 
 because, b®" ; been, b" ; 
 between, b*"" ; brought, 
 bro*; caught, ca*; chair- 
 man, chi» ; circum- 
 stance, cir*^' ; committee, 
 com« ; could, c"* ; differ- 
 ence, difc^ ; different, dif* ; 
 difficult, dif''"; difficulty, 
 difcity. .ence, -«'« ; Eng- 
 land, -ishf, Eng. ; especi- 
 allyt, esp ; evening, ev^f ; 
 -ever, -r ; every, ev^ ; 
 excellentf, exc ; extra- 
 ordinary, xtr^ ; faithfullyt, 
 ffy; for, f; Friday, Fri ; 
 from, f™ ; further, fur' ; 
 general, gen»; generallyf, 
 geny ; goodf, ^ ; govern- 
 ment,^ gov*; great, g' ; 
 had, h* ; have, h ; import- 
 ance, impc^ ; important, 
 imp* ; -ing, -g ; -ion, -n ; 
 
 large, Ige ; manuscriptf, 
 -s, MS., MSS. ; meeting, 
 m*K ; -ment, -mt ; might, 
 m*; Monday, Mon; morn- 
 ing, ms ; notwithstanding, 
 notw«f ; objection, obj" ; 
 occasionf, occ° ; o'clock, 
 o'cf ; of, o ; opinion, 
 op°; opportunity, opp^; 
 other, o""; ought, o*; 
 pagef, -s, p., pp. ; particu- 
 lar, parf^ ; popularf, pop ; 
 queryt, qy ; question, q^ ; 
 quotationf, quot ; said, 
 s*^ ; Saturday, Sat ; several, 
 sevi ; shall, sh ; should, 
 sh"^ ; -sion, -n ; speciallyf, 
 spec ; Sunday, Sun ; 
 that, t ; the, / ; their, 
 there, th*" ; though, tho ; 
 through, thro; Thursday, 
 Thurs; -tion, -n; together, 
 togr ; trulyf, ty ; Tuesday, 
 Tues ; very, vf, or \^ ; 
 very goodf, v.g ; Wed- 
 nesday, Wed; whether, 
 wh"^ ; which, wh ; with, 
 w ; without, w* ; would, 
 w^; yesterday, yesty, or 
 y'dayf; you, y; your, 
 y*"; yours, y". 
 
 A.B.C.F.M., American 
 Board of Foreign Missions. 
 
 "ABC Guide" (no points). 
 
 abdicat/e, -or. 
 
 h. Becket (Thomas), 
 iii8?-7o, Abp. (one t). 
 
 ^Beckett (A. W.), 1844-, 
 journalist ; — {Or. A.), 
 181 1-56, writer (two fs). 
 
 Abeokuta, W. Africa, not 
 Abb-. 
 
 Abercrombie, Fife. 
 
 Abercromby, Lanes. 
 
 Aberdonians, natives of 
 Aberdeen. 
 
 Aberglaube (Ger. m.), su- 
 perstition. 
 
 Abemethy, Inverness and 
 Perth. 
 
 Aberystwyth, Wales, not 
 -ith. 
 
 abest (Lat.), he, she, or it, 
 is absent ; pi. absunt 
 
ABETTER — ACC. 
 
 abett/er*, in law -or*. 
 
 ab extra (Lat.), from out- 
 side. 
 
 Abhandlungen (Ger.f.pl.), 
 Transactions (of a So- 
 ciety) ; abbr. Abb, 
 
 A.B.H.M.S., American 
 Baptist Home Mission 
 Society. 
 
 ablitj ad plures or — ad 
 mafores (Lat.), he, or 
 she, has gone to the ma- 
 jority : is dead ; pi. abie- 
 runt . 
 
 ab incunabulis (Lat.), 
 from the cradle. 
 
 Abingdon, Berks, and 
 Virginia, U.S.A. 
 
 Abington, Northants, 
 
 Lanark, Lime 
 Mass., U.S.A. 
 
 abj initio (Lat.), from the 
 beginning, abbr. ab itlit. ; 
 — intra, from within. 
 
 h bis ou a blanc (Fr.), by 
 hook or by crook. 
 
 abl., ablative. 
 
 -able* (the suffix). Words 
 ending in e omit the e 
 before -able, except when 
 necessary for pronuncia- 
 tion, as receive receivable ; 
 but change changeable, 
 since g becomes hard be- 
 fore a. 
 
 A.B.M.U., American Bap- 
 tist Missionary Union. 
 
 h boni compte ( Fr. ),cheap- 
 
 ly, at a low estimate ; 
 
 droit f with justice ; 
 
 marche, cheap. 
 
 Abor, Assam, use Abar. 
 
 ab origine (Lat.), from the 
 beginning. 
 
 above-mentioned*, hy- 
 phen only when a noun 
 immediately follows, as 
 " the above - mentioned 
 sentence," but " the sen- 
 tence above mentioned." 
 
 ab ovo (Lat), from the be- 
 ginning. 
 
 Abp., Archbishop. 
 
 abr., abridged, abridgment. 
 
 d bras ou verts (Fr.), with 
 open arms. 
 
 abrSgS(Fr, m. ) , abridgment. 
 
 abrSviation (Fr. f.), abbre- 
 viation. 
 
 abridgment*, abbr. abr. 
 
 A.B.S., American Bible So- 
 ciety, able-bodied seaman. 
 
 abs., absolutely, abstract. 
 
 Abschttittj (Ger. typ. m.), 
 section, part, chapter, or 
 division; pi. -e, abbr.i46s. 
 
 absciss/a* (math.),/»/. -ae*. 
 
 absenter*, not -or. 
 
 absente reo (Lat.), the 
 defendant being absent, 
 abbr. abs. re, 
 
 absinth/*, in Fr. f. -e. 
 
 absitj, let him, her, or it, 
 be absent ; — omen, let 
 there be no (ill) omen. 
 
 absolutely, abbr. abs. 
 
 abs. re., absente reo (the 
 defendant being absent). 
 
 abstract, abbr. abs. 
 
 absurdum* (Lat.\ absurd. 
 
 Abt. (Ger.), Abteilung (div- 
 ision). 
 
 abundance, in Fr.abond-. 
 
 ab uno disce omnes 
 (Lat.), from one (sample) 
 judge the rest. 
 
 abut*/, -ment*, -ted*, 
 -ting*. 
 
 abys/s*, -mal*. 
 
 A.C., Alpine Club; A.C., 
 ante Christum (before 
 Christ) (s.caps.) ; a.c, 
 author's correction ; in Fr. 
 anne'e courante (current 
 year) ; a/c, account ; in 
 printing use acct. 
 
 A.C.A., Associate (of the 
 Institute of) Chartered 
 Accountants (offic). 
 
 Academician, abbr. A. 
 
 Acad^miefrancaise (cap. 
 A, not cap./).' 
 
 Academy, a learned body; 
 abbr. A., or Acad. (cap.). 
 
 a capite ad calcem (Lat), 
 completely. 
 
 ace, acceptance (bill), 
 accusative. 
 
 1* 
 
ACCABIiE — ACTUEIi 
 
 "m-^ 
 
 accabljS (Fr.), /em. -ie, 
 overwhelmed. 
 
 acced/e*, -er*. 
 
 accedence*, a giving con- 
 sent. 
 
 accelerando (mus.), ac- 
 celerating ; abbr. accel. 
 
 accelerat/e, -or*. 
 
 accents and diacritical 
 marks : acute ('); cedilla 
 (9); circumflex (a); diae- 
 resis (") ; doubtful length 
 mark (Si); grave f) ; Gr. 
 breathings : asper ( ' ) ; 
 lenis ('); Gr. circumflex 
 C) ; long vowel(") ; Scan- 
 dinavian o (0) ; short 
 vowel ("); Spanish n or 
 tilde (n); Swedish a (d); 
 Umlaut (••). 
 
 acceptance, abbr. ace. 
 
 accepter*, in law -or *. 
 
 accessary *, not -ory. 
 
 accessjit (Lat.), he, she, or 
 it, came near; pi. -erunt. 
 
 acciaccatura* (mus.), a 
 grace-note, 
 
 accidental* (mus.). 
 
 acclimatize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 accompanist*, not -yist. 
 
 accordion*, «o/ -eon. 
 
 accouche/ment *, -ur *, 
 -use* (not ital.). 
 
 account, abbr. a/c ; in print- 
 ing use acct. 
 
 Accra, use Akkra. 
 
 accrocbjS (Fr.), /em. ~ie, 
 brought to a deadlock. 
 
 acct., account, or account 
 current. 
 
 accusative, abbr. ace. 
 
 Acestes, not Akestes. 
 
 ac etiam (Lat.), and also. 
 
 A.C.F., Automobile Club 
 de France. 
 
 A.C.G.B.I.. Automobile 
 Club of Great Britain and 
 Ireland. 
 
 Achaemenes, not Achai-. 
 
 k cbeval (Fr.), on horse- 
 back. 
 
 Achin, Sumatra, not -een, 
 Atchin. 
 
 Aohnasliellach, Ross. 
 
 A.C.I. (Fr.), assure centre 
 Vincendie (insured against 
 fire). 
 
 acknowledgment*, not 
 -ement. 
 
 a compte (Fr.), in part pay- 
 ment. 
 
 k corps perdu (Fr.), des- 
 perately. 
 
 acoustics* (sing, noun), 
 pron. a-kov/stiks. 
 
 k couvert (Fr.), protected. 
 
 A.C.P., Associate of the 
 College of Preceptors. 
 
 acquit/ *, -tal *, -tance *, 
 -ted*, -ting. 
 
 Acra, use Akkra. 
 
 Acre, Syria, not Acca, 
 Accho, Acco. 
 
 acre, abbr. a. 
 
 acre (Fr. f.), acre. 
 
 acre (Fr.), acrid. 
 
 A.C.S., Additional Curates 
 Society. 
 
 AetaBon, a mythical hun- 
 ter. 
 
 acte d'accusation (Fr. 
 m.), indictment. 
 
 Actini/a * (zool.), pi. 
 
 -SB*. 
 
 actinomy/ees (bot.), pi. 
 -cetes. 
 
 actionnaire (Fr. m.), a 
 shareholder. 
 
 active, abbr. a. 
 
 acts of a play (typ.), cap. 
 only when the number 
 follows, as "Hamlet," 
 Act i. sc. a (see also 
 authorities). 
 
 Acts of Parliament 
 (cap. A\ cited thus: — 
 Factory and Workshops 
 Act, 1878 (54 & 55 Vic. 
 c. 75, ss. 14 and 15). 
 28 Geo. II, c. VIII is a 
 private Act. 28 Geo. II, 
 c. 8, is a public Act. 
 
 Acts of Sederunt (Scots 
 law). 
 
 actuallte (Fr. f.), present - 
 state. 
 
 actuell (Fr.), /em. -Ie, 
 present. 
 
ACTUM — AD MODUM 
 
 actumj agere (Lat), to do 
 
 what has been already 
 done ; — est, it is all over. 
 
 A.C.U., American Con- 
 gregational Union. 
 
 aeushla (Irish), darling. 
 
 acute accent* ('). 
 
 A.D.* (anno Domini) , should 
 always be placed before 
 the figures ; B.C. after 
 (s.caps.); a. 6.., ante diem 
 (before the day), after 
 date ; ad., advertisement. 
 
 Adam's Peak, Ceylon 
 (apos.). 
 
 ad amussim (Lat.), ex- 
 actly. 
 
 adapt/able*, -er*, not -or. 
 
 ad arbitrium (Lat.), at 
 pleasure. 
 
 adas^ra (Lat.), to the stars. 
 
 a dato (Lat.), from date. 
 
 A.D.C., aide-de-camp. 
 
 Amateur Dramatic Club. 
 
 adj captandum valgus 
 (Lat.), to catch the rabble : 
 claptrap; — clerum, to 
 the clergy ; — crumen- 
 am, to the purse ; — 
 eundem gradum, to 
 the same degree, abbr. 
 ad eund. 
 
 addend/um*, something to 
 beadded;/)/.-a*(notital.). 
 
 addible*, «o/-able. 
 
 addio (It.), good-bye. 
 
 addorsed*, not adorsed, 
 adossed. 
 
 address, in Fr. f. adresse; 
 (typ.) in printed letters 
 to be s.caps. 
 
 adducible *, not -ceable. 
 
 Adeler (Max), 1841-, 
 Amer. writer (see also 
 Adl-). 
 
 a demi (Fr.), by halves. 
 
 aj dessein (Fr.), on pur- 
 pose ; — deux, of (or be- 
 tween) two ; — deux 
 mains, with both hands. 
 
 adj extra (Lat.), in an out- 
 ward direction ; — ex- 
 tremum, to the last. 
 
 adj filum aquas (Lat.) to 
 
 centre of the stream ; — 
 filum viae, to centre of 
 the road ; — finem, near 
 the end ; — gustum, to 
 the taste; — hoc, for 
 this (object) ; — boml- 
 nem, to the [interests of 
 the] man;— hunc locum, 
 on this passage, abbr. 
 a.h.l.; — idem, to the 
 same (point). 
 
 a die TLat.), from that day. 
 
 adieu/, pi. -x (not ital.). 
 
 adl infinitum * (Lat.), to 
 infinity, pron. Tn-fi-ni'- 
 tum ; — interim, mean- 
 while. 
 
 A Dios (Sp.), adieu. 
 
 Adirondack Mountains 
 (U.S.A.), Ko/-dac. 
 
 k discretion (Fr.), at dis- 
 cretion. 
 
 Adj., Adjutant. 
 
 adjectiv/e, abbr. adj.; — 
 -al*, -ely*. 
 
 Adj. -Gen., Adjutant-Gen- 
 eral. 
 
 adjudgment*, «o^-ement. 
 
 adjudicator*, not -er. 
 
 adjutage *, not aj-. 
 
 Adjutant/, abbr. Adj. ; — 
 -General, abbr. A.-G., 
 or Adj. -Gen. 
 
 adjuvant*. 
 
 adj kalendas Orascas 
 (Lat.), never; — libitum* ^ 
 at pleasure, abbr. ad lib, 
 
 Adler (Hermann), 1839- 
 191 1, Chief Rabbi. 
 
 ad litem (Lat.), for a suit. 
 
 Adm., Admiral, Admiralty. 
 
 ad manum (Lat.), ready. 
 
 administr at/or* abbr. ad- 
 mor . ; -rix*, abbr. admix. 
 
 Admiral/, in Fr. amirjal, 
 pi. -aux; — , -ty, abbr. 
 Adm. 
 
 admiration (note of), 
 see punctuation, XVII. 
 
 ad misericordiam (Lat.), 
 appealing to pity. 
 
 admix., administratrix. 
 
 ad modum (Lat.), after the 
 manner of. 
 
ADMOWITOB — ^SCHYIiUS 
 
 admonitor*, not -er. 
 
 admor., administrator. 
 
 ad nauseam (Lat.), to a 
 sickening degree. 
 
 ado*, work, trouble (one 
 word). 
 
 Adonai* (Heb.), the Lord. 
 
 adorsed, use add- *. 
 
 ad I patres (Lat.), dead ; 
 — quod damnum, to 
 what damage; — refer- 
 endum, for further con- 
 sideration ; — rem, to 
 the point. 
 
 adresse (Fr. f.), address. 
 
 h dro/te (Fr.), to the right. 
 
 adscititious *, not asci-. 
 
 adscrlptus glebas (Lat.), 
 a serf. 
 
 adsum (Lat.), I am pre- 
 sent. 
 
 ad summum (Lat.), to 
 the highest point. 
 
 a due (It.), in two parts. 
 
 adulator*, not -er. 
 
 adj unguem (Lat.), per- 
 fectly; — unum omnes, 
 all, to a man ; — 
 usum, according to cus- 
 tom. 
 
 adv., adverb, adverbially, 
 advocate. 
 
 adv., adversus (against). 
 
 ad valorem* (Lat.), accord- 
 ing to value ; abbr. ad val. 
 
 advancement *. 
 
 adverb/, -ially, abbr. adv. 
 
 ad verbum (Lat.), to a 
 word, verbally. 
 
 adversaria* (Lat. pi.), jot- 
 tings. 
 
 adversus (Lat.), against ; 
 abbr. adv, 
 
 advertise*, not -ize. 
 
 advertisement*, abbr. 
 ad., or advt., pi. ads., 
 or advts. ; in Fr. f. 
 annonce. 
 
 adj vitam aut culpam 
 (Lat.), for Hfetime or until 
 fault ; — Vivum, lifelike. 
 
 advocate, abbr. adv. 
 
 Advocates (Faculty 
 of)*, the Bar of Scotland, 
 
 advocatus diaboli (Lat.), 
 an adverse critic(not itr.I. ). 
 
 advt./, -S., advertisement, -s. 
 
 JE, "third-class" ships in 
 "Lloyd's Register." 
 
 SB (ligature). The ligatures 
 X, or, for single sounds 
 are in England employed 
 in Danish, English, 
 French, Greek, Latin, and 
 Old-English words. The 
 separate letters ag, oe, 
 should be used in new 
 classical books, and in 
 German (see also A', a). 
 
 SBdile*, not e-. 
 
 .^gean Sea, the eastern 
 part of the Mediterranean. 
 
 SBgis*, a shield, protection, 
 not e-. 
 
 aegrescitque medendo 
 (Lat.),and he grows worse 
 with the remedy. 
 
 asgrotjat* (Lat.), he is ill ; 
 pi. -ant, 
 
 A.E.I.O.U., Austria Est 
 Intperator Orbis Universi 
 (Austria is the ruler of 
 the whole earth). 
 
 .ffimilius. 
 
 .^neas. 
 
 -ffineld*, not E-. 
 
 aBolian*, not eo-. 
 
 8BOn *, an age, not eon. 
 
 SBpyornis (zool.), not epi-, 
 epy-. 
 
 asquales (Lat.), equal, 
 equals ; abbr. £eq, 
 
 wqu ant miter (Lat.), com- 
 posedly. 
 
 asquo animo (Lat.), with 
 an equable mind. 
 
 A.E.R.A., Associate En- 
 graver Royal Academy. 
 
 aer/ate*, etc., -ial*, -ie*, 
 -ify*, -obic, -onaut*, 
 not a6-. 
 
 aeroplane*, a kite-like 
 machine. 
 
 aery, ws^ aerie*. 
 
 ass I allenum (Lat.), debt ; 
 — triplex, a strong de- 
 fence. 
 
 ^schylus. 
 
 i 
 
-ffiSCULAPIUS — A HAUTE 
 
 ^sculapi/us *, -an*. 
 
 iEsop. 
 
 aesthete*, etc., not e-. 
 
 8estiv/al*, -ation*, not e-. 
 
 S£t, orastat., anno sttatis sux 
 
 (of age, aged). 
 SBther, space-medium, use 
 
 e-*. 
 aetiology*, not e-. 
 J&tTLB,, use Etna. 
 A.-F., Anglo-French; 
 A.F.A., Associate of the 
 Faculty of Actuaries ; 
 A.F.A.M., Ancient Free 
 and Accepted Masons ; 
 A.P.B.S., American and 
 Foreign Bible Society ; 
 A.F.C.U., American and 
 Foreign Christian Union. 
 aff,, affirmative, affirming. 
 affaire] d' amour (Fr. f.), 
 love affair ; — de cosurf 
 affair of the heart; — 
 d'honneur, duel. 
 afflcbje (Fr. f.), placard, 
 * poster ; -^e, posted up. 
 affidavit, abbr. aflFt. 
 affiljS (Fr.), sharp; -/<«, 
 
 affiliated. 
 affranchise*, not-ize. 
 affreujxjem. -se, frightful. 
 afft., affidavit. 
 Afghanistan, abbr. Af- 
 ghan, 
 afield * (one word). 
 afondl(Fr.), thoroughly; — 
 — de train, at full speed. 
 h forfait, by contract. 
 a fortiori* (Lat.), with 
 stronger reason, not a — 
 (not ital.). 
 Afr., Africa, -n. 
 Afridi, race of Cent. Asia, 
 
 not -eedee. 
 afternoon, abbr. aft., or 
 
 p.m. 
 afterthought * (one word). 
 Ag, argeniunt (silver). 
 A.G. (Ger.), Aktiengesell- 
 schaft (joint-stock com- 
 pany). 
 A.-G., Adjutant -General, 
 Agent-General (of Colo- 
 nies), Attorney-General. 
 
 agacerie (Fr. f.), allure- 
 ment. 
 Agadah, ws^Haggadah*. 
 agate*(Amer. ty p. ), a size of 
 type as this, five and lialf point, 
 about thirteen lines to the inch, 
 h gauclie (Fr.), to the left, 
 ageing*, not agi-. 
 agend/um, a thing to be 
 
 done ; pi. -a (not ital.). 
 h genoux (Fr.), kneeling, 
 agent, abbr. agt. 
 Agent - General, abbr. 
 
 A.-G. 
 ages (typ.), to be printed in 
 figures; but "he died in 
 his fortieth year." 
 aggrandize*, not-ise. 
 aggression, in Fr. f. 
 
 agression, 
 agistor*, not -er. 
 agitat/or*, not -er; /em. 
 
 -rix. 
 aglet*, not ai-. 
 aglow* (one word). 
 agneau (Fr. m.), lamb. 
 Agnostic/*, -ism* (cap.), 
 agonize*, «o/-ise. 
 agouti*, not-y, aguti. 
 agraffe*, a clasp ; in Fr. f. 
 
 agrafe. 
 agrarianize *, not -ise. 
 agreeable.in Fr.agrSable. 
 agrSments (Fr. m.), com- 
 forts. 
 agric, agriculture, -al, -ist. 
 agriculturist*, «o/ -alist. 
 A.G.S.S., American Geo- 
 graphical and Statistical 
 Society, 
 agt., agent. 
 
 A.H., anno Hegirx{A.x>. 622), 
 the Moham. era (s.caps.). 
 ah, when it stands alone, 
 takes a mark of exclama- 
 tion (!). When it forms 
 part of a sentence, it is 
 usually followed by a 
 comma, the ! being 
 placed at the end of the 
 sentence : as "Ah, no, it 
 cannot be ! " 
 aha, use ha-ha *. 
 a liaute voix (Fr.), aloud. 
 
A.H.C.— A IiA 
 
 A.H.C., Army Hospital 
 
 Corps. 
 a.b.L, ad huttc locum (on 
 
 this passage). 
 
 Ahmed/abad, -nagar, 
 India, «o/ Ahmad-, Amed-. 
 
 A.H.M.S., American Home 
 Mission Society. 
 
 AhrimaiijZoroastrian spirit 
 of evil. 
 
 A.H.S., anno humanx salutis 
 (in the year of human 
 salvation) (s.caps.). 
 
 a.b.v,, ad hanc vocem (at 
 this word). 
 
 A.I., American Institute ; 
 A. I., anno inventionis (in 
 the year of the discovery) 
 (s.caps.) ; A.I.A., Asso- 
 ciate of the Institute of 
 Actuaries, American In- 
 stitute of Architecture ; 
 A.I.C., Associate of the 
 Institute of Chemistry. 
 
 "Aida," opera by Verdi, 
 1 87 1 (no diaeresis). 
 
 aide (Ft. m.), assistant; 
 (f.) help. 
 
 aide - de - camp * abbr. 
 A.D.C.;/'/.aidea . 
 
 aide-memoire (Fr. m.), aid 
 to memory ; pi. aides . 
 
 A.I.G., Assistant-Inspec- 
 tor-General. 
 
 aiglet, «s(f aglet*. 
 
 aigrel'doux (Fr.), fem. — 
 -douce, sour-sweet. 
 
 aigrette*, a spray, «o/ ei-, 
 -et {see also egret*). 
 
 A.I.Q-.T., Association for 
 the Improvement of Geo- 
 metrical Teaching. 
 
 Ailesbury (Marquess 
 of) {see also Ayl-). 
 
 aimable (Fr.), amiable. 
 
 A.I.M.iB., Associate of the 
 Institute of Mining En- 
 gineers ; American Insti- 
 tute of Mining Engineers. 
 
 A. I. Mech. E., Associate 
 
 . of the Institution of Me- 
 chanical Engineers. 
 
 ain]S{Fr.),/em. -ee, elder, 
 senior; opposed to pufaS, 
 
 fem. puinSe, or cadetj, 
 
 'te, younger. 
 Air (Point of), N. Wales 
 
 {see also Ayre). 
 air noble {Ft. m.), air of 
 
 distinction, 
 ait, use eyot*. 
 Aix - la • Chapelle, pron. 
 
 ax (hyphens). 
 
 Aix-les-Bains (hyphens). 
 a jamais (Fr.), for ever. 
 Ajax, pi. Ajaxes. 
 ajutage, use adj-*. 
 A.K.C., Associateof King's 
 
 College (London). 
 Akestes, use Acestes. 
 a-kimbo* (hyphen). 
 Alckolade (Ger. typ.), a 
 
 brace (cap.). 
 Akkra, Upper Guinea, not 
 
 Accra, Acra. 
 Aktiengesellscbaft (Ger. 
 
 f.), joint-stock company; 
 
 abbr. A.Q. 
 Al*, aluminium. 
 a./. (Fr.), apres livraison', 
 
 after delivery (of goods). 
 A.Xj.A., American Library 
 
 Association. 
 Ala., Alabama (oflf. abbr.). 
 a 1* abandon {Ft.), uncared 
 
 for, at random. 
 h laj belle Stoile (Fr.), 
 
 in the open air ; — — 
 
 bonne beurel well and 
 
 good ; campagne, 
 
 in the country ; — — 
 
 carte, as the bill of fare. 
 Aladdin, not Alladin. 
 a laj fran^aise (Fr.), in 
 
 French style (not cap. ) ; — 
 
 — grecque, — Greek — 
 (not cap. ) ; — - bauteur 
 
 de, on a level with ; 
 
 lettre, literally ; 
 
 main, at hand, ready ; — 
 
 — mode*, in fashion ; h\ 
 Vanglaise, in the English 
 style (not cap.) ; — Van- 
 tique, — antique style; 
 h laj parisienne, in the 
 Parisian style (not cap.) ; 
 
 russe, — Russian 
 
 style (not cap.). 
 
AIjAS. — AliliAHABAB 
 
 Alas.; Alaska. 
 
 alas, when it stands alone, 
 takes a mark of exclama- 
 tion (!). When it forms 
 part of a sentence, to 
 be followed by a comma, 
 the ! being placed at the 
 end of the sentence : as, 
 "Alas, it is true !" 
 
 Alb., Albanian. 
 
 Alban., signature of Bp. of 
 St. Albans (full point). 
 
 albatross*, not -os. 
 
 Albert note, 6 x sVa in. ; 
 envelopes 4^/4 x 3^/4 in. 
 
 Albin (A.), 1848-, chess 
 player. 
 
 albin/o*, pL -os*, /em. 
 -ess*, -ism*, «o/-oism. 
 
 Albrighton, Salop. 
 
 Alb Sunday, first after 
 Easter (caps.). 
 
 album/*, scrapbook ; pi. 
 -s*. 
 
 album/en*, natural white 
 of egg; -in*, its chief con- 
 stituent; adj. -inous*. 
 
 Albury, Surrey. 
 
 AlcsBUS of Mytilene. 
 
 alcayde*, a governor, not 
 -ade, -aide ; in Sp. al- 
 caide. 
 
 Aleestis, not Alk-. 
 
 Alcibiades, not Alk-. 
 
 alcoholize*, «o^ -ise. 
 
 Alcoran, use Koran *. 
 
 Alcyone, pron. al-sy'o-nS. 
 
 Aldborough, Norfolk, 
 Yorks. 
 
 Aldbrough, Yorks. 
 
 Aldbury, Hereford. 
 
 Aldeburgh, Suffolk. 
 
 Alderbury, Wilts. 
 
 Alderman, abbr. Aid. 
 
 Alderney, Channel Isles. 
 
 Alds"Worth, Gloucester. 
 
 Aldus Manutius, see 
 Manutius. 
 
 Aldworth, Berks. 
 
 Alectryon (myth.), pron. 
 a-lek'tre-5n, 
 
 ale-house * (hyphen). 
 
 Alembert, see d*Al-. 
 
 Alencon lace (c). 
 
 k Vespagnole (Fr.), in 
 
 Spanish fashion (not cap.). 
 Ale the a. 
 Aleutian Isles, Bering 
 
 Sea. 
 Alex., Alexander. 
 a rextSrieur (Fr.), on the 
 
 outside. 
 Alford, Aberdeen, Lines. 
 Alfred, abbr. A., or Alf. 
 alfresco* (one word, not 
 
 ital.). 
 Alg., Algernon, Algiers, 
 alg/a* (bot.), pi. -SB* (not 
 
 ital.). ' 
 algebra, abbr. alg. {set also 
 
 mathematics), 
 algology* (bot.). 
 Algonkin (U.S.A.), not 
 
 -quin. 
 alia (Lat.), other things. 
 alias]* (Lat.), otherwise; 
 
 pi. -es. 
 alibi/*, elsewhere ; pi. -s. 
 alienator*, not -er. 
 alieni appetens (Lat.), 
 
 greedy of another's pos- 
 sessions. 
 Aligarh, N.W. India. 
 Alighieri, family name of 
 
 Dante, 
 align, use aline *. 
 alii (Lat.), other people, 
 alimentativeness*, not 
 
 alimentive-. 
 Ali Messjid, Afghanistan, 
 aline/*, -ment*, «o/ align. 
 alinSa (Fr. m.), paragraph. 
 k r intSrieur {FT.),indooTs. 
 alio intuitu (Lat.), from 
 
 another point of view. 
 Alipur, India. 
 aliquid (Lat.), something, 
 
 somewhat. 
 alii US (Lat.), another per- 
 son ; pi. -/. 
 Ali^wal, Punjab, also S. 
 
 Africa, 
 alkali/*, //. -s*. 
 alkalize*, «o/-ise. 
 Alkestis, use Ale-. 
 Alkoran, use Koran*. 
 Alladin, use Aladdin. 
 Allahabad, N.W. India. 
 
AIiIiAN — ALTOGETHER 
 
 Allan-a-Dale, minstrel 
 hero. 
 
 alia Ventura (It.), at a 
 venture. 
 
 allSe (Fr. f.), alley, avenue. 
 
 Allegany, Pennsylvania. 
 
 allegement*. 
 
 Alleghany, mountains and 
 river, U.S.A. But Alle- 
 gheny City. 
 
 allegorize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 Alleluia *, more usually 
 HaUelujah*. 
 
 Allen V. Flood, trade 
 union case. 
 
 Allendale, Northumb. 
 
 alleviator *, not -er. 
 
 allez vous en! (Fr.), be- 
 gone ! (no hyphen). 
 
 All Fools* Day* (caps., no 
 hyphen). 
 
 All-Hallows, All Saints' 
 Day, I Nov. (caps., hy- 
 phen). 
 
 AllhaUows, near Roches- 
 ter (one word). 
 
 allineation*. Ko/alin-. 
 
 alliterator*, not -er. 
 
 allonge (Fr. typ. f.), a fly- 
 leaf. 
 
 allonsl (Fr.), let us go, 
 come ! 
 
 allonym*, a pseudonym. 
 
 allot/*, -table*, -ted*, 
 -ting*. 
 
 air ottava (mus.), an 
 octave higher than 
 written ; abbr. all* Ott 
 
 all right, not alright, all- 
 right. 
 
 all round* (" all round the 
 Wrekin ")• 
 
 all-round* ("an all-round 
 man"). 
 
 AU/ Saints* Day*, i Nov.; 
 — Souls College, Ox- 
 ford (no ^os.) ; — Souls* 
 Day *, 2 Nov. ; — Souls* 
 Eve*, I Nov. (caps., 
 no hyphens), 
 allspice* (one word). 
 
 all together* (in a body) ; 
 but altogether* (en- 
 tirely). 
 
 alluvi/um*, pi. -a*. 
 Alma Mater*, fostering 
 
 mother, one's university, 
 almanac*, but "Oxford,** 
 
 also «Whitaker*s,** Al- 
 manack. 
 Alma Tadema (Sir 
 
 Lawrence), 1836-1912, 
 
 painter ; — (Miss 
 
 Laurence), writer. 
 Almighty (the) (cap.). 
 Almondbury, Yorks ; 
 
 proH. am'b6-r6. 
 Almondsbury, Glos. 
 Alnmouth, Northumb. 
 Aln'wick,Northumberland; 
 
 pron. an'ik {see also 
 
 Anwick). 
 A.L.O.E., A Lady of 
 
 England (Charlotte M. 
 
 Tucker, 1821-93). 
 alouette (Fr. f.), lark 
 ^ (bird). 
 a Voutrance should be h 
 
 outrance, to the utmost, 
 
 to the death. 
 aloyau (Fr. m.), sirloin of 
 
 beef. 
 Alpes-Maritimes, dep. 
 
 France. 
 Alphaeus, Apostle James's 
 
 father. 
 Alpheus River. 
 Alresford, Essex, Hants. 
 A.L.S. *, Associate of the 
 
 Linnean Society ; auto- 
 graph letter signed, 
 alt., alternate, altitude. 
 Alt,, Altesse (Highness). 
 Alta., Alberta, Canada. 
 Altenburg, Saxe-Alten- 
 
 burg, Bavaria, Hungary, 
 
 Prussia. 
 alter] ego (Lat.), one's 
 
 second self; — idem, 
 
 another self. 
 Altesse (Fr. £), Highness; 
 
 abbr. Alt. 
 Altezza (It.), Highness. 
 Althorpe, Lines. 
 Althorp Library and 
 
 Park (Northants). 
 altitude, abbr. alt. 
 alto/* (mus. ),/>/. -s; abbr. A. 
 
ALTO — ANABAPTIZB 
 
 alto-rilievo/, pi. -s (not 
 ital.). 
 
 altruize*, not -ise. 
 
 aluminium *, symbol Al *. 
 
 alumn}us*i pi. -/*, /em. 
 -a, pi. -ie; abbr. alum, 
 
 Aiwa, Bombay. 
 
 Alwar, Rajpootana. 
 
 A.M.*, Artium Magtster 
 (Master oi PLVis); Ave Ma- 
 ria (Hail Mary !) (caps.). 
 
 A.M.*, anno tnundi (in 
 the year of the world) 
 (s.caps.). 
 
 a.ra. *, anie nteridiem (be- 
 fore noon) (lower case). 
 
 am.all * (Ind.), wet-nurse. 
 
 Araalek, not -ech, -eck. 
 
 amantjf a lover, pi. -s ;fem. 
 -e, pi. -es. 
 
 amantiutn irss (Lat), 
 lovers' quarrels. 
 
 amanuens/is*, pi. -es*. 
 
 amarJ aiiquid (Lat.), 
 something bitter. 
 
 amateur, abbr. A. 
 
 a maximis ad minima 
 (Lat.), from the greatest 
 to the smallest. 
 
 Amballa, India, not Um-. 
 
 Am.bo3nia*, «o/-ina. 
 
 A.M.D., Army Medical 
 Department. 
 
 amej damnSe (Fr.), a 
 "cat's paw"; — deboue, 
 a base, ungenerous spirit. 
 
 Amednagar, N.W. India, 
 use Alim.ed-. 
 
 Ameer*, not Amir, Emir. 
 
 amende honorable (Fr. 
 f.), honourable repara- 
 tion. 
 
 a mensa et toro (Lat.), 
 from bed and board, not 
 thoro. 
 
 ame perdue (Fr.), a des- 
 perate character. 
 
 Amer., America, -n. 
 
 Americanize*, wo/ -ise. 
 
 a merveille (Fr.), per- 
 fectly, wonderfully. 
 
 A.M.I. C.E., see Assoc. M. 
 Inst.C.E. 
 
 amicus curias (Lat.), a 
 
 friend of the Court, a dis* 
 interested adviser. 
 
 A.M.I.H.E., Associate 
 Member of the Institution 
 of Electrical Engineers. 
 
 A. M. I. Mech. £., Associ- 
 ate Member of the Institu- 
 tion of Mechanical Engi- 
 neers. 
 
 Am/ir, use -eer *. 
 
 Ammergau, Bavaria. 
 
 ammeter * (elec. \ formerly 
 amperemeter. 
 
 amo8b/a, pi. -ae (not itaL). 
 
 a moitiS (Fr.), half. 
 
 amorl patriae {Lsit.)j\ovGoi 
 one s country ; — sceler- 
 atus habendi, accursed 
 love of possessing. 
 
 amour-propre * (not ital.). 
 
 Ampere (A. M.), 1775- 
 1836, electrician (accent). 
 
 amper/e, -age, elec. unit 
 (no accent) ; abbr. amp. 
 
 ampersand* = &, may be 
 used in names of firms 
 as Smith & Co., but not 
 at the beginning or end 
 of lines; etc. preferred 
 to &c. 
 
 amphibi/um *,/)/. -a*. 
 
 amphor/a*, ajar; pi. -ae*. 
 
 Amritsar, India, not Um- 
 ritsur. 
 
 amuck*, «o/-ock, -ok,-uk. 
 
 Amur, Siberia, not -oor. 
 
 an, not a, before all words 
 beginning with a vowel 
 (not having the sound of 
 w, wh, or y), silent h, or 
 aspirated h when the ac- 
 cent is not upon the first 
 syllable of the word, as : 
 an harmonious, an heir, 
 -loom, an heraldic, an 
 hereditary, an heroic, an 
 historian, an historical, an 
 honest, an honour, -able, 
 an horizontal, an hotel, 
 an hour, -glass. {See also 
 ** a, not an,'*) 
 
 A.-K"., Anglo-Norman. 
 
 ana * , sayings. 
 
 anabaptize*, «o/-ise. 
 
ANACOIiTTTHON" — ANGOULEMB 
 
 anacoluth/on* (gram.), />/. 
 -a*, «o/ -outhon, -kolou- 
 thon, -luthon. 
 
 Anacr., Anacreon, -tic. 
 
 ansBmia*. 
 
 anaesthetize*, «o^ -ise. 
 
 anal., analogy, -ous, 
 analyse, -r,-is,analytic,-al. 
 
 analogous, abbr. anal. 
 
 analogy, abbr. anal. 
 
 analys/e*, -er* -is*, pi. 
 -es; abbr. anal. 
 
 analjrtie/, -al ; abbr. anal. 
 
 Anam, Siam, not Ann-. 
 
 anamorphos/is*, pi. -es. 
 
 anapaest*, a reversed dac- 
 tyl, not -pest. 
 
 anastomos/is*, pi. -es*. 
 
 anat., anatomy, -ical, -ist. 
 
 anathematize*, not -ise. 
 
 anatomize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 anatom/y, -leal, -ist ; 
 abbr. anat. 
 
 anatta* (bot.), Ko/amotto. 
 
 ancestress*, «o^-trix. 
 
 anchorite*, not -et. 
 
 anchylosis *, not ank-. 
 
 ancienne noblesse (Fr. 
 f.), the old nobility. 
 
 ancien regime (Fr. m.), 
 the old order of things. 
 
 ancient, abbr. anc. 
 
 " Ancient Mariner ' * 
 (Rime of the), by S. T. 
 Coleridge, 1798. 
 
 Ancient Order of 
 Druids, abbr. A.O.D. ; 
 ditto Foresters, A.O.F.; 
 ditto Hibernians, 
 
 A.O.H. 
 
 ancle, use ankle *. 
 
 and (gram.), when and]o\ns 
 two or more subjects in 
 the singular number the 
 verb must be in the pi., as 
 Jack and Gill are going. 
 Where and joins two 
 single words the comma is 
 generally omitted. 
 
 *«and**or««, and" The late 
 Herbert Spencer allowed 
 me to quote from his 
 letter : — " whether to 
 write 'black, white, and 
 
 green,* with the comma 
 after white, or to leave out 
 the comma and write 
 'black, white and green' 
 — I very positively de- 
 cide in favour of the first. 
 To me the comma is of 
 value as marking out the 
 component elements of a 
 thought, and where any 
 set of components of a 
 thought are of equal value, 
 they should be punctuated 
 in printing and in speech 
 equally. Evidently there- 
 fore in this case, inasmuch 
 as when enumerating 
 these colours black, white, 
 and green, the white is 
 just as much to be 
 emphasized as the other 
 two, it needs the pause 
 after it just as much as the 
 black does." 
 
 and, see also ampersand. 
 
 Andersen(HansC.),i8o5- 
 75, writer of fairy tales. 
 
 Andrea del Sarto, 1486- 
 1531, It. painter. 
 
 •*Andria,**play by Terence. 
 
 Androcles, not -kles. 
 
 Attfangsbucbstabe (Ger. 
 typ. m.), initial letter. 
 
 Anfubrungs2eicben(Ger. 
 n.), quotation marks. 
 
 Angelico (Fra), 1387- 
 1455, It. painter. 
 
 anglais I (Fr.), /ent. -e, 
 English (not cap.). 
 
 angle, the sign Z ; angle 
 between two lines A ; 
 right angle L ; two right 
 angles _L. 
 
 Anglesea, Wales, not -ey. 
 
 Anglesey (Marquess of). 
 
 anglice, in English (no 
 accent) ; abbr. angl. 
 
 anglicize*, not -ise (not 
 cap.). 
 
 Anglo/-French, abbr. 
 A.-F. ; — -Norman, 
 
 abbr. A.-N. ; • Saxon, 
 
 abbr. A.-S. 
 
 Angouleme, dep. France. 
 
ANaSTROM — ANTITHESIS 
 
 Angstr6m(A.J.),i8i4-74, 
 
 chemist ; pron. Ong'strom. 
 anguis in berba (Lat.), 
 
 snake in the grass, 
 animalcule/*,/)/. -s, not-se. 
 animalculjum, pi. -a *. 
 ankle*, not anc-. 
 Anmerkungen (Ger. f.), 
 
 notes (cap.) ; abbr. Antn. 
 ann., annales, annals, anni 
 
 (years), annual, 
 anna/*, i6 to rupee; pi. -s. 
 annales {Fr. pi. f.), annals; 
 
 abbr. ann. 
 annals, abbr. ann. 
 Ann Arbor, U.S.A. 
 "Anne of Geierstein,'* 
 
 by Sir W. Scott, 1829. 
 Anne (Queen), 1665-1714. 
 Anne (Saint). 
 annoj (Lat.), in the year, 
 
 abbr. ann, ; — astatis 
 
 suaSf aged, abbr. ast,, or 
 
 astat ; — Domini (cap. 
 _ Z)),abbr. A.D.(s.caps.),to 
 
 be placed 6^;fer^ the figures; 
 
 — bumanas salutis, 
 in the year of human 
 salvation, abbr. A.H.S. ; 
 
 — tnundi, in the year 
 of the world, abbr. A.M. 
 (s.caps.); —post Cbris- 
 tum natum, in the year 
 after the birth of Christ, 
 abbr. A.P.C.N. (s.caps.) ; 
 
 — post Romam con- 
 ditam, in the year after 
 the building of Rome, 
 754 B.C., abbr. A.P.R.C. 
 (s.caps.) ; — salutis, in 
 the year of salvation, 
 abbr. A.S. (s.caps.). 
 
 annos vixit (Lat.), he, or 
 she, lived so many years; 
 abbr. a,v, 
 
 annotat/ed*, -or*, not-er; 
 abbr. annot. 
 
 annoyed by complaints 
 means if they should be 
 made ; annoyed with — , 
 that they are made. 
 
 annual, abbr. ann. 
 
 Annunciation Day, 25 
 March. 
 
 annjas (Lat.), year ; pi. -/. 
 
 anonymous, abbr. anon. 
 
 answer, abbr. ans. 
 
 answers (typ. ), commence 
 a new paragraph in print- 
 ing legal work ; in official 
 work (committees and 
 commissions) they follow 
 after an era dash in same 
 paragraph. 
 
 Ant., Anthony, Antigua. 
 
 ant., antonym. 
 
 Antaeus. 
 
 antagonize*, not -ise. 
 
 Antarctic regions. 
 
 antel (Lat.), before ; — bel- 
 lum, before the war. 
 
 antechamber*, «o/anti-. 
 
 ante diem (Lat.), before 
 the day; abbr. a.d, 
 
 antediluvian *, 
 
 antefix/ (arch.), pL -es. 
 
 antej litem motam (Lat. ), 
 before litigation com- 
 menced; — lucem, before 
 the light. 
 
 antemeridian * (one 
 word). 
 
 ante meridiem (Lat.), be- 
 fore noon ; abbr. a.m. 
 
 antenn/a* (zool.),/>/. -se*. 
 
 ante- room* (hyphen). 
 
 Anthony, abbr. Ant. 
 
 anthropolog/y, -ieal ; 
 abbr. anthrop. 
 
 anthropomorphize*, not 
 -ise. 
 
 anthropophag/us*, pl.-i*, 
 
 anticline* (geol.). 
 
 Antigua, abbr. Ant. 
 
 antimony*, symbol Sb*. 
 
 antipathize *, not -ise. 
 
 antiq., antiquary, -ian. 
 
 antiqs., antiquities. 
 
 Antigua (Ger. typ. f.), ro- 
 man type (cap.). 
 
 antisabbatarian * (one 
 word). 
 
 Anti-Semite (caps., hy- 
 phen). 
 
 Antisthenes. 
 
 antistrophon*, a retort. 
 
 antisyzygy*. 
 
 antithes/is*, pi. -es*. 
 
 13 
 
ANTITHESIZE — APPAL 
 
 antithesize *, not -ise. 
 
 anti-tobaceoist, not -nist. 
 
 antitype *, not ante-. 
 
 antonym*, a word of oppo- 
 site meaning ; abbr. ant. 
 
 Anvers, Seine-et-Oise, Fr. 
 
 Anvers, Fr. for Antwerp. 
 
 Anverse, Maine-et-Loire, 
 France. 
 
 Anwick, Lines {see also 
 Alnwick). 
 
 anybody*, any person. 
 
 any body*, any number of 
 persons. 
 
 anyhow* (one word). 
 
 anyone* (any person). 
 
 any one* (of a collection). 
 
 any/thing *, -where * (one 
 word). 
 
 Anzeige] (Ger. f.), notice, 
 advertisement ; pi. -n, 
 
 A.O., Army Order ; A.O.C., 
 — Ordnance Corps ; 
 A.O.D., — Ordnance De- 
 partment, Ancient Order 
 of Druids ; A.O.P., ditto 
 Foresters ; A.O.H., ditto 
 Hibernians ; A.O.S., ditto 
 Shepherds. 
 
 aorist, abbr. aor. 
 
 aort/a* (anat), pi. -ae. 
 
 A.O.S.E., American Order 
 of Stationary Engineers. 
 
 A.O.S.S., Americanx Ori- 
 tntalis Societatis Socius 
 (Fellow of the American 
 Oriental Society). 
 
 A.O.tT., American Ornith- 
 ologists' Union. 
 
 aoiit (Fr. m.), August (not 
 cap.). 
 
 a outrance (Fr.), to the 
 bitterend, wo/al'outrance. 
 
 A.P., Associated Presby- 
 terian ; a.p., above proof, 
 author'sproof ; Ap., Apos- 
 tle ; A.P.A., American 
 Protestant Association. 
 
 Apache, U.S.A. 
 
 apanage*, wo/app-. 
 
 apart (Fr.), apart. 
 
 apartment, in Fr. m. ap- 
 partement. 
 
 A.P.C.N., anno post Christutn 
 
 nattim (in the year after 
 the birth of Christ). 
 
 ap/e*, -ed*, -ing*, -ish*. 
 
 A.P.D., Army Pay Depart- 
 ment. 
 
 Apennines, Italy (three 
 n's). 
 
 aperqu (Fr. m.), outline (f\ 
 
 k peu de frais (Fr.), at 
 cost ; apeuprds, nearly. 
 
 apex/*, pi. -es*. 
 
 aphaeretic*. 
 
 aphorize *, not -ise. 
 
 aphthong*, a mute letter. 
 
 k pied (Fr.), on foot. 
 
 a plaisir (Fr.), at pleasure. 
 
 aplanatic* (optics), with- 
 out error. 
 
 aplomb*, self-possession. 
 
 Apocalypse*, abbr. Apoc. 
 
 Apocrypha* (cap. A); 
 abbr. Apocr. (for abbr. of 
 books see under names). 
 
 apodictic*, not -deictic. 
 
 apogee* (astr.), abbr. apog. 
 
 Apollo Belvedere, not — 
 Belvi-. 
 
 apologize*, not -ise. 
 
 apophthegm*, not apoth-. 
 
 apostasy *, not -cy. 
 
 apostatize*, not -ise. 
 
 a posteriori * not a — (not 
 ital.). 
 
 Apostle, abbr. Ap.,/>/. App . 
 
 Apostles* Creed (caps.). 
 
 Apostropbj (Ger. m.), apos- 
 trophe; pi. -en (cap.). 
 
 apostrophe, see posses- 
 sive case, punctua- 
 tion II, quotations. 
 
 apostrophize *, not -ise. 
 
 apothecaries weight, 
 signs : f7i minim ; ^ scru- 
 ple ; 3 drachm ; | ounce ; 
 lb. pound. Quantities 
 in lower-case letters : if 
 quantity ends with i, final 
 I becomes/, as vij = 7. 
 
 apothegm, use apo- 
 phthegm *. 
 
 apotheos/is *, pi. -es. 
 
 App., Apostles. 
 
 app., appendix. 
 
 appal/*, -led*, -ling*. 
 
 14 
 
APPAIiACHIAKT — ARCH^OIiOGY 
 
 Appalachian Mts., E. 
 North America. 
 
 appanage, use apa-*. 
 
 apparatus*, sing, and pL, 
 not -i (a useful synonym 
 " appliances"). 
 
 apparel/*, -led*, -ling*. 
 
 apparitor* not -en 
 
 appartement (Fr. m.), 
 apartment. 
 
 appeasement*, «o^sment. 
 
 append/ix, abbr. app. ; 
 general pL -ixes*, zool. 
 pi. -ices *, abbr. apps. 
 
 appetize*, not -ise. 
 
 applIqujS* (Ft.), /em. -Se ; 
 appliqued*. 
 
 appreciator*, not -er. 
 
 apprentice, abbr, appr. 
 
 apprise * (to inform). 
 
 apprize* (to value). 
 
 appro., approbation. 
 
 approver* (law). 
 
 approximat/e, -ely, -ion; 
 abbr. approx. 
 
 A.P.R.C., anno post Romant 
 conditam (in the year after 
 the building of Rome, 754 
 B.C.) (s.caps.). 
 
 apr^s] (Fr.), after, what 
 next ? — coup, too late ; 
 — livraison, after de- 
 livery (of goods), abbr. 
 
 a./. ; tnidif afternoon 
 
 (hyphen) ; — moi {or 
 nous) le dSIuge, after 
 me (or us) the deluge. 
 
 April (typ.), not to be ab- 
 breviated; in Fr. avrH 
 (not cap.). 
 
 a prima vista (It.), at first 
 sight. 
 
 a primo (Lat.), from the 
 first ; a principiOy from 
 the beginning; a priori*, 
 deductively, not a — (not 
 ital). 
 
 h propos usual, but apro- 
 pos*; h propos de 
 bottes (Fr.), beside the 
 mark. 
 
 A.P.S., Aborigines Pro- 
 tection Society, American 
 Peace Society, American 
 
 Protestant Society, Asso- 
 ciate of the Pharmaceu- 
 tical Society. 
 
 apse* (arch.), pi. apses*. 
 
 apsis* {sLstr.),pl. apsides*, 
 pron. ap-sT'des. 
 
 A.P.U.C., Association for 
 PromotingUnity of Christ- 
 endom. 
 
 apud (Lat.), according to, in 
 the work, or works, of. 
 
 aq., aqua (water). 
 
 A.Q.C., Associate of 
 Queen'sCollege (London^ 
 
 A.Q.M.G., Assistant-Quar- 
 termaster-General. 
 
 aquarium/*, pi. -s*. 
 
 a quatre mains (Fr. mus.), 
 for two performers. 
 
 A.R., anno regni (in the year 
 of the reign) (s.caps.). 
 
 A.K.A., Associate of the 
 Royal Academy, London. 
 
 Arabi/a, -an, -c; abbr. 
 Arab. 
 
 •'Arabian N"ights*Enter- 
 tainments (The).»» 
 
 arable numerals, figures 
 used in ordinary computa- 
 tion, as I, 2, 3 (not cap.). 
 
 arach:, arachnology. 
 
 araeostyle* (arch.). 
 
 Aragon, not Arr-. 
 
 A.R.A.M., Associate of the 
 Royal Academy of Music. 
 
 Aramaic*, Semitic dialect ; 
 abbr. Aram. 
 
 arbiter elegantiarum 
 (Lat.), a judge of taste. 
 
 arboriculture, abbr. ar- 
 bor. 
 
 arc *, sign ^. 
 
 Arcades ambo (Lat.), two 
 with like tastes. 
 
 A.R.C.E., Academical 
 
 Rank of Civil Engineer. 
 
 arc-en-ciel (Fr. m.), rain- 
 bow ; pi. arcs . 
 
 Arch., Archibald. 
 
 arch., archaic, -ism, 
 archery, archipelago, 
 architect, -ural, -ure. 
 
 arch8Bolog/y *, -leal * ; 
 abbr. archsBol. 
 
 15 
 
AKCHAKTGEIi — AKMY 
 
 archangel* (one word). 
 
 Archbishop, abbr. Abp. 
 
 Archd., Archdeacon, Arch- 
 duke. 
 
 archetype*, «o/archi-. 
 
 archidiaconal*, not ar- 
 chide-. 
 
 archipelago/*, pi. -s*; 
 abbr. arch. 
 
 architect/, -ural, -ure; 
 abbr. arch. 
 
 arcking, not arc-. 
 
 A.R.C.M., Associate of the 
 Royal College of Music ; 
 A.R.C.O., ditto Organ- 
 ists ; A.R.C.S., ditto 
 Science. 
 
 Arctic regions (cap. A). 
 
 Ardleigh, near Colchester. 
 
 Ardley, near Bicester. 
 
 A.R.E., Associate of the 
 Royal Society of Painter- 
 Etchers. 
 
 k reculons (Fr.), back- 
 wards. 
 
 aren't (typ.), to be close 
 up. 
 
 areol/a*, a small area; pi. 
 -ae* (not ital.). 
 
 Arequipa, S. Amer. 
 
 k rez de cbaussee (Fr.), 
 on the ground floor. 
 
 argel, a shrub, not -hel. 
 
 argent comptant (Ft. m.), 
 ready money. 
 
 argentum, silver, symbol 
 Ag (no point). 
 
 argot*, slang (not ital.). 
 
 argumentum adj cru- 
 tnenam, argument to the 
 
 purse ; boc, — for 
 
 this (purpose) ; bo- 
 
 minettty — to the man's 
 interests ; — — igno- 
 rantianif — based on the 
 adversary's ignorance ; — 
 
 — invidiam, — to men's 
 hatreds or prejudices ; — 
 — rem, — to the purpose ; 
 
 — — verecundiam, 
 appeal to modesty; ar- 
 gumentum baculinum 
 (Lat.), argument of the 
 stick, club-law. 
 
 Argyle/ (Minnesota); — 
 Place, W.C. ; — Road, 
 E. and N.E. ; — Square, 
 W.C.;— Street, W.C. 
 
 Argyll/ and the Isles 
 (Bp. of) ; — (Duke of ; 
 — Place, W. ; — Road, 
 W. ; — Street, W. 
 
 Argyllshire, abbr. Argyl. 
 
 A.R.H.A., Associate of the 
 Royal Hibernian Acad- 
 emy; A.R.I.B.A., ditto 
 Royal Institute of British 
 Architects. 
 
 Arian* (theol.), a follower 
 of Arius. 
 
 Ariege, France. 
 
 Aristotelean*, not -ian. 
 
 arithmetic/, -al, -ian ; 
 abbr. arith. 
 
 Ariz., Arizona (oflf.abbr.). 
 
 Ark., Arkansas (oflf. abbr.). 
 
 ark of the Covenant* 
 (cap. C only). 
 
 Arlay, dep. Jura, France. 
 
 Arle, Glos. 
 
 Aries, dep. Bouches-du- 
 Rh6ne, France. 
 
 arles* (Sc), an earnest. 
 
 Arm., Armenia©, Armoric 
 
 armadillo/ *, pi. -s *. 
 
 arm-chair * (hyphen). 
 
 Armenian*, of Armenia. 
 
 armes blancbes (Fr.), side 
 arms — bayonet, sabre,' or 
 sword. 
 
 armful/*, pi. -s. 
 
 Arminians, followers of 
 Arminius. 
 
 armourer-serjeant, abbr. 
 armr.-seijt. 
 
 Army (Navy and), in 
 toasts, etc., the Navy be- 
 ing the senior service is 
 placed first. 
 
 Army/ Hospital Corps, 
 A.BL.C. ; — Medical 
 Department, A.M.D. ; 
 Staff, A.M.S. ; 
 
 — Nursing Service, 
 A.N.S.;— Order, A.O.; 
 
 — Ordnance Corps, 
 A.O.C. ; Depart- 
 ment, A.O.D.; — Pay 
 
 x6 
 
ARMY — A.S.C.E.A. 
 
 Department, A.P.D. ; 
 Army/ Service Corps, 
 A.S.C. ; — Veterinary- 
 Department, A.V.D. 
 
 Arnold- Porster (H. O.), 
 1 855- 1 909, statesman (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 arnotto, use anatta *. 
 
 Arola, Piedmont. 
 
 AroUa, Switzerland. 
 
 Arolo, Lombardy. 
 
 aroma/*, pi. -s. 
 
 Aroostook, Canada. 
 
 A.R.P., Associated Re- 
 formed Presbyterian. 
 
 arquebus, use har-*. 
 
 A.R.R., anno regni Regis or 
 Reginse (in the year of the 
 King's or Queen's reign) 
 (3. caps.). 
 
 arr., arranged, arrive, -ed, 
 -es, -als. 
 
 arrectis auribus (Lat.), 
 with ears erect. 
 
 arrlerel 'garde (Fr. f.), 
 rearguard ; — -pensSe, 
 a mental reservation, 
 pi. -S. 
 
 arriv/e, -ed, -es, -als; 
 abbr. arr. 
 
 *• Arrows of the Chace," 
 by Ruskin, not Chase. 
 
 A.R.S.A., Associate of the 
 Royal Scottish Academy, 
 Associate of the Royal 
 Society of Arts. 
 
 arsenic*, symbol As *. 
 
 ars est celare artem 
 (Lat.), the art is to conceal 
 art. 
 
 A.II.S.Xj., Associate of the 
 Royal Society of Litera- 
 ture ; A.R.S.M., ditto 
 School of Mines {now 
 Royal College of Science). 
 
 art., article, artificial, ar- 
 tillery, artist. 
 
 ** Artemis Prologizes**, 
 by R. Browning. 
 
 Arthez, dep. Basses- Py- 
 renees. 
 
 Arthies,dep. Seine-et-Oise. 
 
 arthropod/*, pi. -s*, Lat. 
 pi. -a*. 
 
 articbaut (Fr. m.), arti- 
 choke. 
 
 article, abbr. art. 
 
 article de fond (Fr. m ), 
 newspaper leading article. 
 
 articles of roup (Sc. law), 
 conditions of sale. 
 
 articles (titles of), when 
 cited, to be roman double- 
 quoted. 
 
 artificial, abbr. art. 
 
 artificialize*, Mo^-ise. 
 
 artillery, abbr. A., or 
 art. 
 
 artisan *, not -zan. 
 
 artist*, " one who practises, 
 or is skilled in any art " 
 (O.E.D.) ; abbr. art. 
 
 artiste*, "a public per- 
 former who appeals to the 
 sesthetic faculties, also one 
 who makes a 'fineart' of his 
 employment" (O.E.D.). 
 Use artist (not ital.). 
 
 artist's proof, see proofs 
 of engravings. 
 
 A.R.TJ., American Railway 
 Union. 
 
 Arundel (Earl of). 
 
 Arundell of "Wardour 
 (Baron). 
 
 Arva, Cavan, not Arvagh. 
 
 A.R."W.S., Associate of 
 the Royal Water-Colour 
 Society. 
 
 Aryan*, Indo-European, 
 not -ian. 
 
 A.S., Academy of Science; 
 assistant-secretary. 
 
 A.-S., Anglo-Saxon. 
 
 A.S., anno salutis (in the 
 year of salvation) (s.caps.). 
 
 As., Asia, -n, -tic. 
 
 As*, arsenic. 
 
 A.S.A., American Statis- 
 tical Association. 
 
 asafoetida*, not ass-. 
 
 Asbjornsen (P. C), 1812- 
 85, Norwegian writer. 
 
 A.S.C, Army Service 
 Corps; A.Sc, Associate 
 in Science ; A.S.C.E.A., 
 American Society of Civil 
 Engineers and Architects. 
 17 2 
 
ASCENDANCE — ASSEMBLIES 
 
 aseendan/ce *, -cy*, -t*, 
 not -ence, -cy, -t. 
 
 Ascension Day (caps., 
 two words). 
 
 uscititions, use adsei-*. 
 
 Asclepiad*, mo/ Ask-. 
 
 A.S.E., Amalgamated So- 
 ciety of Engineers. 
 
 "as follows: — ** (colon, 
 dash only before new 
 paragraph). 
 
 A.S.G.B., Aeronautical So- 
 ciety of Great Britain. 
 
 Ashanti, W. Afr., not -ee. 
 
 Ashby - de - la - Zouch, 
 Leicester (hyphens). 
 
 ashlar* (arch.), not -er. 
 
 ashore* (one word). 
 
 ash-pit* (hyphen). 
 
 Ash-Wecbiesday (hyp.). 
 
 Asia/, -n, -tic, abbr. As. 
 
 as in prxsenti (Lat.), a 
 tnentoria technica of rudi- 
 ments. 
 
 A.S.M.E.,AmericanSociety 
 of Mechanical Engineers. 
 
 Asnidres, Paris suburb ; 
 pron. an'gair. 
 
 Asola, Lombardy ; pron. 
 as'6-la. 
 
 Asolo, Venetia ; pron. 
 as'6-lO. 
 
 A.S.P., Astronomical So- 
 ciety of the Pacific; Fr. 
 accepte sous protet (ac- 
 cepted under protest). 
 
 A.S.P.C.A., American So- 
 ciety for Prevention of 
 Cruelty to Animals. 
 
 asper*, Gr. breathing ('). 
 
 asperge (Fr.f.), asparagus. 
 
 asperges *, holy - water 
 sprinkler. 
 
 asphalt*, not -e. 
 
 aspic*, apoisonousserpent, 
 the great lavender, a 
 savoury jelly, a piece of 
 light ordnance. 
 
 A.S.R.S., Amalgamated So- 
 ciety of Railway Servants. 
 
 assatbetida, use asa-*. 
 
 assagai*, not asse-, basse-. 
 
 assai/lant, in Fr.m. -Ilant 
 
 assassin*. 
 
 assault-at-arms (not of). 
 Ass.- Com.- Gen., Assist- 
 ant-Commissary-General, 
 assegai, use assagai*. 
 Assemblies, National 
 
 and Federal : — 
 
 America, U.S.A. — Con- 
 gress (Senate and House 
 of Representatives). 
 
 Australia : each Colony 
 and the Common- 
 wealth — Legislative 
 Council and Legisla- 
 tive Assembly. 
 
 Austria — Reichsrat (Up- 
 per and Lower House). 
 
 Belgium — Senate and 
 Chamber of Represent- 
 atives. 
 
 Brazil — General Assem- 
 bly (Senate and Cham- 
 ber of Deputies). 
 
 Bulgaria — Sobranje. 
 
 Canada — Parliament 
 (Senate and House of 
 Commons). 
 
 China — The Grand Cab- 
 inet, Grand Secretariat, 
 and the seven Boards. 
 
 Denmark — Rigsdag 
 (Landsting and Folke- 
 ting). 
 
 France — Senate and 
 
 Chamber of Deputies. 
 
 Germany — Reichstag and 
 Bundesrat ; Landtag 
 (Prussia and other 
 States). 
 
 Great Britain — Parlia- 
 ment (House of Lords, 
 House of Commons'). 
 
 Greece — House of Re- 
 presentatives and the 
 Boule. 
 
 Holland — Staats-General 
 (First Chamber, Second 
 Chamber) 
 
 Hungary — Reichstag 
 (House of Magnates, 
 House of Represent- 
 atives). 
 
 Japan — Imperial Diet 
 (consisting of two 
 Houses). 
 
 z8 
 
ASSEMBLIES — ASTRONOMY 
 
 Assemblies, INTational 
 and Federal {cont.) : — 
 Norway — Storthing( Lag- 
 thing and Odelsthing). 
 I'ortugal — Cortes (House 
 of Peers, House of Dep- 
 uties), 
 Russia — Council of the 
 
 Empire and Senate. 
 Servia — Skuptschina. 
 Spain— Cortes (Senate 
 and Chamber of Dep- 
 uties). 
 Sweden — Staatsrad and 
 
 Riksdag. 
 Switzerland — Federal As- 
 sembly (Standerat and 
 Nationalrat). 
 
 Assembly (Churches of 
 Scotland) (cap. A). 
 
 assenter* in law -or*. 
 
 asserter *, one who asserts. 
 
 assertor*, an advocate. 
 
 assess/able*, -or*. 
 
 asseir /»/e/i( Fr. ), fairly well. 
 
 assiettesi {Fr. cook. pi. f.), 
 plates ; — volantes, small 
 entries. 
 
 assignor*, "correlative 
 with assignee " (O.E.D.). 
 
 Assiniboia, Canada, not 
 Assinn-. 
 
 assistant, abbr. asst. 
 
 assist/er*, in law -or*. 
 
 assizer*, not -ser, -sor, -zor. 
 
 assizes* (law), pi. form 
 usual. 
 
 assoc, associate, -ion; 
 Assoc.Inst.C.E., Asso- 
 ciate of the Institution of 
 Civil Engineers ; Assoc. 
 M.Inst. C.E., Associate 
 Member; ditto (ofBc. 
 abbrs.) ; Assoc.Sc, As- 
 sociate in Science. 
 
 asst., assistant. 
 
 A.S.S.U., American Sun- 
 day School Union. 
 
 assuager*, not -or. 
 
 Assuan, Egypt, not the 
 many variations. 
 
 assurance*, "the present 
 usage is to differentiate 
 life assurance, and fire 
 
 and marine insurance'' 
 (O.E.D.). 
 
 assurer*, "he who, or that 
 which, gives assurance " 
 (O.E.D.). 
 
 assuror*, " an under- 
 writer" (O.E.D.). 
 
 Assyr., Assyrian. 
 
 assythment* (Sc. law), 
 action for damages. 
 
 a-starboard (hyphen). 
 
 asterisk, in this work sig- 
 nifies spelling used in 
 the "Oxford English 
 Dictionary"; in college 
 lists of members, de- 
 ceased ; at end of news- 
 paper advts., paid ; in 
 R.C. Church books di- 
 vides each verse into 
 
 •' two parts, and marks the 
 responses ; (typ.) in sig- 
 natures, the cancels, cut- 
 offs, or third pages. 
 
 Asti, It. red wine. 
 
 astonied * (Bib.), be- 
 wildered. 
 
 astr., astronomy, -er. 
 
 Astrabad, Persia. 
 
 Astrakhan*, not -chan. 
 
 astrol., astrology, -er. 
 
 Astronomer Royal 
 
 (caps., no hyphen). 
 
 astronomy, abbr. astr.; 
 
 — planetary signs : 
 Sun, O ; Moon, new, ^ ; 
 Moon, first quarter, ]) ; 
 Moon, full, O ; Moon, last 
 quarter, C ; Mercury, ^ ; 
 Venus, $ ; Earth, ; 
 Mars, (J ; Jupiter, 1/ ; 
 Saturn, Pj » Uranus, ^ ; 
 Neptune, ^ ; asteroids in 
 order of discovery, Q, (2) 
 @, etc.; fixed star, :<(', 
 or% ; conjunction, (j ; op- ' 
 position, § ; ascending 
 node, S3; descending node, 
 
 23' 
 
 — zodiacal signs : 
 Aries, T ; Taurus, Q ; 
 Gemini, n ; Cancer, © ; 
 
 19 2* 
 
ASTRONOMY — AUNTIE 
 
 astronomy (cont). 
 
 Leo, £1 ; Virgo, llj^ ; 
 Libra, il ; Scorpio, TT^ ; 
 Sagittarius, $ ; Capri- 
 cornus, V^ ; Aquarius, xci. ; 
 Pisces, 7^ . 
 
 Asturias, Spain, not to 
 be preceded by "the." 
 
 A.T. (Ger.), Altes Testa- 
 ment (the Old — ). 
 
 at., atomic. 
 
 Atahualpa, the last Inca. 
 
 atar, use attar*. 
 
 AtchiiijSumatra, ms^ Ach-. 
 
 atelier*, studio (not ital.). 
 
 Athabasca, Canada ; abbr. 
 Ath. 
 
 a'thegither (Scotscolloq.). 
 
 atheize *, not -ise. 
 
 Atheling*, «o/Aeth-. 
 
 AthenaBum *. 
 
 Athol, Canada, New Zea- 
 land. 
 
 AthoU (Duke of). 
 
 Atl., Atlantic. 
 
 Atlas* (arch.), pi. At- 
 lantes*. 
 
 atonable *, not -eable. 
 
 k tort et a travers (Fr.), 
 at random. 
 
 k tout] prendre (Fr.), on 
 
 the whole; priXy 
 
 at any price. 
 
 atra Ciira(Lat.), black care. 
 
 a travers (Fr.), across. 
 
 A.T.S., American Temper- 
 ance Society, American 
 Tract Society, Associate 
 of Theological Study. 
 
 ats. (law), at suit of. 
 
 attache/*, pi. -s (not ital.). 
 
 attainer*, not -or. 
 
 attar* (as of roses), not 
 atar, otto, ottar. 
 
 Att.-Gen., Attorney-Gen- 
 eral. 
 ' Attic salt*, delicate wit 
 (cap. A). 
 
 attitudinize*, not -ise. 
 
 attorn* (law), to transfer. 
 
 attorney, abbr. atty. 
 
 Attorney- G-eneral, abbr. 
 A.-G., or Att.-Gen. 
 
 attractor*, not -er. 
 
 Atw^ood's machine (phy- 
 sics), not Att-. 
 
 at. "wt., atomic weight. 
 
 Au, aurunt (gold). 
 
 A.IJ.A., American Unit- 
 arian Association. 
 
 auberge* (Fr. f.), an inn ; 
 aubergiste* (m. or fc), 
 inn-keeper. 
 
 Aubigne, dep. Deux- 
 Sevres. 
 
 Aubigny, dep. Nord. 
 
 A.U.C., anno urbis condiias (in 
 [the year from] the build- 
 ing of the city [Rome] in 
 754 B.C.) (s.caps.). 
 
 Auciinashellach, Ross- 
 shire, use Ach-. 
 
 auj contralre {Fr.), on the 
 contrary; — cottrantde, 
 fully acquainted with ; — 
 disespoir, in despair. 
 
 audi alteram partem 
 (Lat.), hear the other 
 side! 
 
 Auditor-General, abbr. 
 Aud.-Gen. 
 
 au fait* (Fr.), thoroughly 
 conversant with. 
 
 Auflagej (Ger.f.), an unal- 
 tered edition ; pi. -II (cap. ), 
 
 au fond (Fr.), at the bot- 
 tom. 
 
 Aug., August 
 
 aug., augmentative. 
 
 Augean* (cap.). 
 
 aught*, anything {see also 
 nau-). 
 
 auj grand serieux (Fr. ) , in 
 all seriousness ; — gra- 
 tiUy with grated bread or 
 cheese. 
 
 August, abbr. Aug. 
 
 Auld lang syne. 
 
 Auldlleekie*,01d Smoky, 
 that is Edinburgh. 
 
 «*Auld Robin Gray" 
 (Sc. ballad, 1772). 
 
 Aumale (due d*). 
 
 auj mieux (Fr.), very in- 
 timate; — nature!, in 
 its natural state. 
 
 auntie*, not -y. 
 
 so 
 
AU PIED — AV. 
 
 aujpied de la lettre (Fr.), 
 
 literally; — pis aller, 
 
 should the worst come 
 
 to the worst. 
 au prix co&tant (Fr.), at 
 
 prime cost. 
 aurea mediocritas (Lat.), 
 
 the golden mean. 
 aureole*, a saint's " glory." 
 au teste (Fr.), besides. 
 au revoir (Fr.), till I see 
 
 you again (not ital.). 
 auri sacra fames (Lat.), 
 
 accursed thirst for gold. 
 auror/a austral/is*, />/. -as 
 
 -es; — boreal/is*, pl.'» 
 
 -es. 
 aurum*, gold, symbol Au. 
 Aus., Austria, -n. 
 au sirieux(Fr.), seriously. 
 Ausgabe (Ger. f.), revised 
 
 edition ;abbr.i4l/S5; (cap.). 
 Ausgleicbf ten-year treaty 
 
 between Aus. and Hun. 
 Ausrufungszeicben (Ger. 
 
 typ.n.), exclamation mark! 
 Austeii(Jane), 1775-1817, 
 
 author of *' Pride and 
 
 Prejudice," etc. 
 Austin (Alfred), 1835-, 
 
 Poet Laureate, 1896-. 
 Austral/ia, -ian, -asia, 
 
 -asian; abbr. Austral. 
 
 (see also Assemblies). 
 Austria, abbr. Aus. 
 Austria - Hungary, not 
 
 Austro- — ; in Ger. Os- 
 
 terreich-Ungarn. 
 Auteuil, Paris suburb. 
 auth., authentic, author, 
 
 -ess, -ity, -ized. 
 authorities at the end of 
 quotations, or notes : — 
 
 (1) Name of author in 
 roman lower-case. 
 
 (a) Name of book in roman 
 lower-case double-quot- 
 ed; and if one of a series, 
 the series should be 
 double-quoted. 
 
 Act and scene iii. 4. 
 
 Act, scene, and line 
 
 IV. 3. 45. 
 
 Book iii. 
 
 authorities, etc. {cont). 
 Book and line iii. 25. 
 
 Book, chapter, section, 
 and paragraph 
 
 I, II. §3> 1[4. 
 
 Canto XV. 
 
 Chapter xiv. 
 
 Chapter and verse, 11. 34. 
 
 Chapter, section, and 
 paragraph, vii. § 3, IF 4- 
 
 Line 1. 384. 
 
 Number and page, II, 34. 
 
 Page p. 213. 
 
 Paragraph ^ 68. 
 
 Part and chapter ii. 3. 
 
 Part, book, and chapter 
 II, IV. 12. 
 
 Part, canto, and stanza 
 
 II, IV. 12. 
 
 Section § 5. 
 
 Stanza st. 18. 
 
 Volume and chapter, IV, VI. 
 
 Volume and page, III, 32. 
 
 Volume, part, section, and 
 paragraph I, i. § 2, ^ 6. 
 authorize *, not -ise. 
 Authorized Version* (of 
 
 Bible) (caps.) ; abbr. A.V. 
 autochthon/*, a son of the 
 
 soil ; pi. -s*. 
 auto-da-fS* (Port.), pL 
 
 autoS'da-fS*; (Sp.) — 
 
 </e— *. 
 automat/on*, pi. -a *. 
 automobil/e, -ist. 
 autonomize*, not -ise. 
 autonym.*,a book published 
 
 under author's real name. 
 autore (It.), author ; abbr. 
 
 aut 
 autres temps, autres 
 
 moeurs (Fr. ), other times, 
 
 other manners, 
 autumn (not cap.). 
 auxabois (Fr.), to extrem- 
 ities, at bay. 
 auxiliary, abbr. auxil. 
 Auxiliary Forces (caps.). 
 A.V., Artillery Volunteers, 
 
 Authorized Version (of 
 
 Bible). 
 a. v., annos vtxit (he, or she, 
 
 lived so many years). 
 av., average. 
 
AVA — AZYME 
 
 ava, Hawaian intoxicant, 
 use kava *. 
 
 avantl -courier*, in Fr. m. 
 -courtier or -courjeur, 
 /em. -euse, a forerunner ; 
 — -garde*, (f.) the ad- 
 
 vanced guard; propos 
 
 (m.), preface, />/. same 
 (hyphens). 
 
 av. C. (It.), avanii Cristo 
 
 (B.C.). 
 
 A.V.!D., Army Veterinary 
 
 Department, 
 avdp., avoirdupois. 
 Ave Maria*, Ave Mary* 
 
 (Hail, Mary I) ; abbr. AM. 
 aventurine*, not -in, avan- 
 
 turine. 
 Avenue, abbr. Ave. 
 average, abbr. av. 
 averse to *, not from. 
 avertible*, «o/-able. 
 avertissement (Fr. m.), 
 
 notice, warning, 
 avid*, greedy. 
 Avignon, dep. Vaucluse. 
 a vinculo matrimonii 
 
 (Lat.), full divorce, 
 avizandum* (Sc. law), for 
 
 consideration, not avis-. 
 avocet*, a bird, not -set. 
 
 avoirdupois*, abbr. avdp. 
 a/ volOtttS(Fr.), at pleasure; 
 
 — voire santel here's 
 
 to your health ! 
 avril (Fr. m.), April (not 
 
 cap.). 
 awocato del diaboio 
 
 (It.), devil's advocate. 
 aweel* (Scots colloq.). 
 aweing*, wo^awi-. 
 aTvesome *, not aws-. 
 ax., axiom. 
 axe, usual, but ax *. 
 axe (Fr. m.), axis, 
 ay/ *, always ; pron. sl. 
 ayah *, nurse, 
 aye*, yes; pron. i, pi. ayes. 
 Aylesbury, Bucks {see 
 
 also Ail-). 
 A.Y.M., Ancient York 
 
 Mason. 
 Ayr, Scotland. 
 Ajrre (Point of), Isle of 
 
 Man. 
 az., azure. 
 Azof (Sea of), not -off, 
 
 -ov. 
 Azrael (Moham.), the angel 
 
 of death, 
 azyme*, Jewish Passover 
 
 cake. 
 
A I3"OTES 
 
 23 
 
A NOTES 
 
 I 
 
B. — BAIIiER 
 
 B., Bachelor, Baron, Basso, 
 
 Bay, the second in a 
 
 series, all proper names 
 
 with this initial. 
 B (chem.), boron, (chess) 
 
 bishop. 
 b., base, born, brother, 
 
 (cricket)bowled also byes, 
 
 (naut.) blue sky. 
 b (compass), by. 
 B.A., Bachelor of Arts, 
 
 British Academy, — A- 
 
 merica, — Association. 
 Ba (chem.), barium. 
 Bab. (bot), Babington. 
 Babcock & Wilcox, 
 
 engineers. 
 Babington (C. C), 1808- 
 
 95, botanist ; abbr. Bab. 
 babiroussa*, a wild hog, 
 
 not baby-, -russa. 
 baboo*, Indian title, not 
 
 babu. 
 baboon*, /^w. babuina*. 
 baccara*, a card game, not 
 
 -ah, -at. 
 Bach, the musical family, 
 
 not Bache. 
 Bacharach*, aRhinewine. 
 Bachelier esj lettres 
 
 (Fr.), Bachelor of Letters, 
 
 abbr. B,bsL.', sc/- 
 
 ences, ditto Science, B, 
 
 ds S, (no hyphens). 
 Bachelier (Irving), 
 
 1859-, Amer. writer. 
 Bachelor/, abbr. B.*; — of 
 
 Agriculture, B.Agr. ; 
 
 — Architecture, B.- 
 Arch. ; — Arts, B.A. j 
 
 — Civil Engineering, 
 B.C.E. ; — Civil Law, 
 B.C.Ii.; — Divinity, 
 B.D. ; — Engineering, 
 B.E., or B.Eng. ; — 
 IjOW, B.L. ; — Laws, 
 B.LL. ; — Letters, 
 B.Litt., or Litt.B., in 
 Fr. B, ds Z..;— Medi- 
 
 cine, B.M., or M.B. 
 
 (Cambridge, T.C.D.) ; 
 Bachelor of Mining 
 Engineering, B.M.E.; 
 
 — Music, B.Mus., or 
 Mus. Bac. ; — Science, 
 B.Sc, in Fr. B. hs S. ; 
 — Surgery,B.C.,B.Ch., 
 or B.S.; — Theology, 
 B.Th. 
 
 bacill/us*, ^/.-i*(notital.). 
 
 back (typ.), see margins. 
 
 Backhuysen (Ludolf), 
 1631-1708, Dutch painter. 
 
 back pages (typ.), those 
 on the left side of an open 
 book. 
 
 backwoodsman* (one 
 word). 
 
 Bacon (Sir Francis) 
 (often incorrectly Lord), 
 1561-1626, Baron Verulam 
 and Viscount St. Albans. 
 
 bacshish, use bak- 
 sheesh*. 
 
 bade*, past tense of bid, 
 not bad. 
 
 Baedeker (Karl), guide- 
 book publisher, 
 
 Baffin Bay, N.E. America, 
 not -ns, -n's. 
 
 bag/, -s, abbr. bg., bgs. 
 
 bag cap, brown paper 
 24 X ig'/a in. 
 
 Bagdad, not Bagh-. 
 
 baggage, in Fr. m. bagage. 
 
 Bagn^res/ de Bigorre, 
 d6p. Hautes-Pyrenees ; 
 
 — de Luehon, dep. 
 Haute-Garonne. 
 
 Bagnoles, dep. Orne. 
 Bagnols, dep. Gard. 
 bagpip/e* {not -s), -er* 
 
 (one word). 
 B.Agr. (U.S.A.), Bachelor 
 
 of Agriculture. 
 BaJSB, Naples. 
 bailer* (naut.), one who 
 
 bails water out ; (cricket) 
 
 as 
 
BAILIE — BANGKOK 
 
 a ball which rises to the 
 bails (see also bailor). 
 
 bailie* (Scot.), an alder- 
 man ; bailiery*, jurisdic- 
 tion of a bailie, not -iary. 
 
 BailHe (Joanna), 1762- 
 1851, Sc. poetess. 
 
 BailliSre,Tindall,& Cox, 
 publishers, London. 
 
 bailor* (law), one who 
 delivers goods {see also 
 bailer). 
 
 " Baily's Magazine." 
 
 bain-marie*, a double 
 saucepan ; pi. bains- — . 
 
 Baireuth, Bav., use Bay-. 
 
 Bairut, Syria, use Beirut. 
 
 baksheesh *(Arab.,Turk. ), 
 a gratuity, not the many 
 variations. 
 
 bal., balance. 
 
 Balaclava, not -klava. 
 
 balanceable*, not -cable. 
 
 balas*,a ruby, «o/-ais, ballas. 
 
 Balbriggan, Co. Dublin, 
 also knitted cotton goods. 
 
 bale/, -s, abbr. bl., bis, 
 
 Baliol, an Anglo-Norman 
 family, not the Oxford 
 College Balliol. 
 
 balk*, not baulk. 
 
 Balkan Mts., Transcau- 
 casia, not -han. 
 
 Bal/laarat, Victoria, use 
 -larat. 
 
 ballade*, medieval French 
 poem, also its imitation. 
 
 Ballantine (James), 
 1808-77, artist and poet ; 
 
 — (William), 1812-86, 
 serjeant-at-law. 
 
 Ballantyne (James), 
 1 772-1833; and — (John), 
 1774-1821, Sir W. Scott's 
 printers and publishers ; 
 
 — Press, founded 1796, 
 named after Sir W. Scott's 
 printers ; — (R. M.), 
 1825-94, writer for boys. 
 
 Ballarat, Victoria, not 
 
 ballet* ; ballet] d' action 
 
 (Fr. m.), ballet combining 
 action and dancing; — 
 
 divertissement, ballet 
 entertainment. 
 
 Balliol College, Oxford 
 (see also Bali-). 
 
 ballon d'essai (Fr. m.), a 
 <' feeler" of any kind. 
 
 ballot/*, -ed*, -ing*. 
 
 ballot{Fr. m.), a small bale. 
 
 ball-room* (hyphen). 
 
 Ballsbridge, Dublin (one 
 word). 
 
 bal pari (Fr. m.), fancy- 
 dress ball. 
 
 Baltimore, abbr. Bait. 
 
 Baluchi, a native of Balu- 
 chistan, not Be-, Bi-. 
 
 Balzac (Honor6 de), 
 1 799-1850, Fr. writer; — 
 (J. Ij. G.), 1597-1654, 
 Fr. writer. 
 
 ban*, governor of Croatia 
 and Slavonia. 
 
 banlal{Fr.),pl. -aux^fem. 
 -ale, pi. -ales, common- 
 place. 
 
 banality (Fr. f.), a common- 
 place. 
 
 Banco Regis (Lat.), on the 
 King's Bench. 
 
 Bancusj Communium 
 Placitorum (Lat.),Court 
 of Common Pleas ; — Re- 
 ginse. Queen's Bench ; — 
 Superior, King's Bench, 
 abbr. Banc. Sup, 
 
 Band (Ger.m.), a volume,//. 
 B'ande ; abbr. Bd., pi. 
 Bde. 
 
 bandanna*, a handker- 
 chief, not -ana. 
 
 bandbox* (one word), not 
 banbox. 
 
 Banddeclcel (Ger. m.), a 
 book cover ; lose — , 
 loose covers. 
 
 B. & F. B. S., British and 
 Foreign Bible Society. 
 
 bandit/*,/)/, -s*. 
 
 bandoleer*, a belt for cart- 
 ridges, not -alier, -elier, 
 -iher. 
 
 bang,Indianhemp,«5^bh-*. 
 
 Bangalore, India. 
 
 Bangkok, not Bankok. 
 
 s6 
 
BANIAN — BARTOIiOMMEO 
 
 banian/, — tree, «5g ban- 
 yan*. 
 
 banjo/*, pi. -s. 
 
 bank, abbr. bk. 
 
 banking, abbr. bkg. 
 
 bank-note* (hyphen). 
 
 banneret* (law), a knight 
 made on the field of battle. 
 
 bannerette*, a small ban- 
 ner. 
 
 bannimus* (law), expul- 
 sion from a university. 
 
 banns*, not bans. 
 
 banquet/*, -ed*, -ing*. 
 
 banquette* (Fr. f.), front 
 seat of a diligence. 
 
 banyan* (bot.), not -ian, 
 banyan-tree. 
 
 bap., baptized. 
 
 Baptist, abbr. Bapt. 
 
 baptistery*, not -try. 
 
 baptize *, not -ise. 
 
 Bar, called to the (cap.). 
 
 bar., barley-corn, baro- 
 meter. 
 
 Bariatynsky( J. A.), 1631- 
 1708, Russian poet. 
 
 Barbados, not -oes, abbr. 
 Barb. 
 
 barbarize* «o/.ise. 
 
 Barbary, W. Africa. 
 
 barberry *, not ber-. 
 
 barbette*, gun platform. 
 
 barblu (Fr.), fem. -«e, 
 bearded. 
 
 AarAl/e(Fr.f.),brill,alsodab. 
 
 barcarole*, boatman's 
 song, not -lie. 
 
 B.Arch. (U.S. A.), Bachelor 
 of Architecture. 
 
 Bareilly, India, not -eli. 
 
 bargain/er*, a haggler; 
 -or* (law), the seller. 
 
 Baring-Gould (Rev. S.), 
 1 834-, writer (hyphen). 
 
 baritone* (mus.), not 
 bary-. 
 
 barium*, symbol Ba. 
 
 bark (naut.), use barque. 
 
 bark/entine, w^^barqu- *. 
 
 Barkston, Yorks. 
 
 Barkstone, Lines. 
 
 barley-corn* (hyphen) ; 
 abbr. bar. 
 
 Barmecide*, one who 
 offers imaginary things, 
 not -acide. 
 
 Barmston, Durham. 
 
 Barnaby-bright*, bt. 
 Barnabas' Day, 11 June. 
 
 baro/graph*, a recording 
 barometer ; -gram *, the 
 record ; -logy*, science 
 of weight; -meter*, 
 abbr. bar. ; -motor, 
 motor worked by hand or 
 foot. 
 
 Baron, cap. with Enghsh 
 name; I.e. foreign; abbr.B. 
 
 baronj (Fr.), fem. -ne, 
 
 baron and feme (law), 
 husband and wife. 
 
 Baronet, abbr. Bart. 
 
 barouche*, four-wheeled 
 carriage, not baru-. 
 
 barque (U.S.A. bark), 
 full-rigged ship, but with 
 fore-and-aft mizen ; abbr. 
 bque. 
 
 barquentine *, three-mast- 
 ed vessel with foremast 
 only square-rigged, not 
 -antine, barke-. 
 
 barr., barrister. ^ 
 
 barrad *, the Irish conical 
 cap. 
 
 barrage*, a dam. 
 
 barrator*, one who incites 
 to litigation, not -ater, 
 -etor. 
 
 barrel/, -s, abbr. bl., bis. 
 
 barrel/led*, -ling*. 
 
 barrico/*, a small cask; pL 
 -es. 
 
 Barrie (J. M.), i860-, 
 writer. 
 
 barrister, abbr. barr. 
 
 Barrow-in-Furness (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 Bart., Baronet. 
 
 Bartli61emy- Saint-Hil- 
 aire (Jules), 1805-95, 
 statesman, Orientahst. 
 
 Bartholomew Day, 24 
 August (caps., two words, 
 not St.). 
 
 Bartolommeo (Fra), 
 I475-I5i7> It. painter. 
 
 87 
 
BARTOLOZZI — BAYLIS 
 
 Bartolozzi (Francesco), 
 1727-1813, engraver. 
 
 Baruch (Apocn), no abbr. 
 
 bar/uche, use -ouche *. 
 
 barytone, use bari-*. 
 
 basan*, bark-tanned sheep- 
 skin, not baz-. 
 
 bas bleu* (Fr. m.), a "blue- 
 stocking." 
 
 base, abbr. b. 
 
 base-ball*, U.S. national 
 game (hyphen unusual in 
 America). 
 
 bashaw, use pasha*. 
 
 BashkirtsefF (Marie C), 
 1860-84, diarist. 
 
 basil*, sheepskin, «o/baz-. 
 
 basin*, a circular vessel, 
 noi -on. 
 
 bas/is*, pi. -es*. 
 
 basket/, -s, abbr. bkt., -s. 
 
 Basle, Switz. ; in Fr. B&le ; 
 in Ger. Basel. 
 
 bas-relief*, «o/bass-. 
 
 bass *, a fish, not -e. 
 
 bassinet*, a cradle, not 
 -ette, berceaunette. 
 
 bassoj* (mus.),abbr. B. ; — 
 profondo (It. mus.), low- 
 est male voice ; — 'rilie- 
 V/O*, not re-, pi. OS *. 
 
 bastard eigne (lav^), a 
 natural son. 
 
 bastard/ fount (typ.), type 
 with the face differing 
 from that proper to the 
 size of the type body ; — 
 title (typ.), the fly or 
 half-title before the full 
 title of a work. It should 
 be i-2^/a picas above the 
 centre of the page. 
 
 bastardize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 Bastien-Lepage (Jules), 
 1 848-84, painter(hyphen). 
 
 Bastille (Fr. f.), Paris 
 prison. 
 
 bastille *, a fortified tower, 
 not -ile. 
 
 bastinado*, «o/basto-. 
 
 bataitle rangSe (Fr. f.), a 
 pitched battle. 
 
 bateau J* (Fr. m.), a light 
 boat, not batt- ; pi. -x *. 
 
 Bath : & Well : sig. of Bp. 
 
 of Bath and Wells (two 
 
 colons). 
 Bath/ brick*, — bttn*, 
 
 — chair*, — chap* («o/ 
 chop), — note, folded 
 writing paper 8x7 inches, 
 
 — stone* (cap. B). 
 bath/ sponge*, — towel ♦ 
 
 (not cap.). 
 bathybius*, an inorganic 
 
 precipitate, 
 baton*, music conductor's 
 
 stick ; in Fr. m. bMon. 
 battalion*, abbr. batt. ; 
 
 in Fr. m. bataillon. 
 battels*, provisions, etc., at 
 
 Oxford University. 
 Battenberg (Princess H. 
 
 of), not -burg. 
 batterle de cuisine (Fr. 
 
 f.), a set of cooking 
 
 utensils, 
 battery, abbr. batt. 
 Batthyd,ni, noble Hun- 
 garian family. 
 battle*, in Fr. f. bataille, 
 battledore*, not -door, 
 battle-field* (hyphen). 
 battleship (one word). 
 battrejla campagne (Fr.), 
 
 to beat about the bush ; — 
 
 le pavS, to loaf about, 
 battue *,shooting(notital.). 
 Batum, Russia, not -oum. 
 baulk, use balk*. 
 Baur (F. C), 1792-1860, 
 
 theologian. 
 Bavaria/, -n, abbr. Bav. ; 
 
 in Ger. Bayem. 
 bawbee* (Sc), halfpenny, 
 
 not bau-. 
 Bay, when with name 
 
 cap. ; abbr. B. 
 bayaddre *, Hindu dancing 
 
 girl. 
 Bayard (Pierre de Ter- 
 
 rail. Chevalier de), 
 
 1475-1524, "The Knight 
 
 without fear and without 
 
 reproach." 
 Bayeux tapestry. 
 Baylis (T. H.), 181 7-, 
 
 writer. 
 
BAYLISS — BEDEIi 
 
 Bayliss (Sir Wyke), 
 1835-, painter. 
 
 bayonet/*, -ed*, -ing*. 
 
 Bayreuth, Bavaria, not 
 Bai- {see also Beirut). 
 
 bazaar*, in Fr. m. bazar, 
 
 bazan, use bas-*. 
 
 bazil, sheepskin, Ms^bas-*. 
 
 B.B.C., Base-ball Club. 
 
 B.C., Bachelor of Surgery, 
 Bad Character, Board of 
 Control, British Colum- 
 bia ; B.C., before Christ 
 (s.caps.), year to precede, 
 as 41 B.C. : the reverse 
 of A.D., as A.D. 1900; 
 B.Ch., Bachelor of Sur- 
 gery ; B.C.E., ditto 
 of Civil Engineering ; 
 B.C.Ii., ditto of Civil 
 Law; B.C.S., Bengal 
 Civil Service. 
 
 B.D., Bachelor of Divinity ; 
 
 Bd. 
 
 Ger. Band (a 
 
 volume) ; bd., board, 
 bond, bound ; Bde. (Ger. ), 
 Bdnde (volumes) ; bdl., 
 bdls., bundle, -s; bds., 
 (bound in) boards. 
 
 B.E., Bachelor of Engi- 
 neering ; Be (chem.), 
 beryUium ; b.e., bill of 
 exchange. 
 
 Beach (Sir Michael 
 Hicks) (now Viscount St. 
 Aldwyn), 1837-, states- 
 man (hyphen not used by 
 him). 
 
 bear* (Stock Exchange), 
 speculator for a fall. 
 
 bearskin*, military cap 
 (one word). 
 
 beastings, use bee-*. 
 
 beasts of the chase (law), 
 buck, doe, fox, marten, 
 roe; ditto forest (law), 
 boar, hare, hart, hind, 
 wolf; ditto warren (law), 
 cony and hare ; ditto of 
 venery (law) are " beasts 
 of the forest." 
 
 beatas memorial (Lat.), 
 of blessed memory; abbr. 
 B.M. 
 
 Beataj Maria, or— Virgo 
 
 (Lat.), the Blessed Virgin ; 
 abbr. B.M., or B.V. 
 
 beau- fits (Fr. m.), son-in- 
 law ; without hyphen, 
 beautiful son. 
 
 beau-ideal*, model of 
 excellence (hyphen, no 
 accent, not ital.). 
 
 beauidealize *, not -ise 
 (one word). 
 
 Beaujolais, a Burgundy 
 wine. 
 
 beau-monde*, the fashion- 
 able world. 
 
 Beaune, a Burgundy wine. 
 
 beauj rdle (Fr. m.), a fine 
 part ; — sabreur, dash- 
 ing cavalryman. 
 
 beauseant. Knights Temp- 
 lars' standard (not cap.). 
 
 beauxj esprits (Fr. pi. 
 m.), wits, sing. bel 
 esprit; — yeuxy good 
 looks. 
 
 becafico, use heoo-*, 
 
 bScarre (Fr. mus. m.), the 
 natural sign ^. 
 
 bScasse (Fr. f.), a wood- 
 cock. 
 
 bScassine (Fr. f.), a 
 snipe. 
 
 beccafico/*, pi. -es, bird, 
 not beca-. 
 
 bSchamel (Fr. f.), a white 
 sauce. 
 
 beche-de-mer *, the tre- 
 pang — Holothuria edulis. 
 
 Bechstein (P. W. K.), 
 pianoforte maker; — 
 (J. M.), 1757-1822, nat. 
 
 Bechuanaland,/>ro«. bek- 
 (one word). 
 
 Becket (^), see i, Becket. 
 
 Beckett, family name of 
 Baron Grimthorpe. 
 
 Becquerel (A. E.), 1820- 
 91, Fr. physicist. 
 
 bedaw/een, -i, -in, use 
 bedouin*. 
 
 Beddgelert, Carnarvon. 
 
 bedel*, Oxford official form 
 of beadle; at Cambridge 
 bedell*. 
 
BEDFORDSHIRE — BENEDICT 
 
 Bedfordshire, abbr. Beds 
 (no point). 
 
 bedouin/*, a desert Arab, 
 not the many variations ; 
 pi. -s. 
 
 bed/owy, use -ouin*. 
 
 bedroom* (one word). 
 
 Beds, Bedfordshire. 
 
 bed/uin, use -ouin*. 
 
 beer firkin, abbr. b.f. 
 
 beerhouse (law), where 
 beer is sold to be drunk 
 on or q^ the premises. 
 
 beershop (law), where 
 beer is sold to be drunk 
 q^the premises. 
 
 Bees (St.), theological col- 
 lege (no apos.). 
 
 Beesly (Prof. E. Spen- 
 cer), 1831-, writer. 
 
 beestings*, first milk from 
 a mammal, not bea-, bie-. 
 
 Beethoven (Ludwig 
 van, not von), 1 770-1827, 
 composer, divide Bee- 
 thoven ; pron. bat'O-fn. 
 
 beetling* (Sc), beating of 
 clothes with a beetle. 
 
 befall*, not -al. 
 
 Beghard*, a mendicant 
 brother ; /em. Beguine *. 
 
 Beglerbeg*y high Ottoman 
 governor. 
 
 Beguine/*, a mendicant 
 sister, not -uin ; pi. -S. 
 
 behemoth*, Biblical animal. 
 
 behoof* (noun), benefit. 
 
 behove* (verb), to be 
 necessary for, not -oove. 
 
 Behring Isle, Sea, and 
 Strait, use Bering — . 
 
 beIgebunden{GeT.), bound 
 in (with something else) ; 
 abbr. beigeb. 
 
 beignet (Fr. m.), a fritter. 
 
 Beilage (Ger. typ. f.), ad- 
 dition, supplement (cap.). 
 
 Beirut, Syria, not Ba-, 
 Beyrout {see also Bay- 
 reuth). 
 
 bekko-ware, Chinese 
 pottery (hyphen). 
 
 bel air (Fr. m.), good de- 
 portment. 
 
 Belalp, Switz. (one word). 
 
 Bel and the Dragon 
 (Apocr.), no abbr. 
 
 beldam*, a hag, not -e. 
 
 bel\ esprit (Fr. m.), a 
 brilliant wit, pi. beaux 
 esprits; — etage, the 
 first floor, not belle — . 
 
 Belgique (Fr. f.), Belgium; 
 beige, Belgian (not cap.). 
 
 Belg/ium, -ian, -ic, abbr. 
 Belg. {see also Assem- 
 blies). 
 
 believable*, not -eable. 
 
 belladonna * (bot.), deadly 
 nightshade (one word). 
 
 belle* (not ital.). 
 
 bellej amie {Fr. f.), female 
 friend; — assetnblSe*, 
 fashionable gathering ; — 
 -de-nuit {hot.), marvel of 
 Peru ; fille, daughter- 
 in-law ; without hyphen, 
 beautiful girl. 
 
 Belle Isle, Newfoundland. 
 
 Belleisle, Fermanagh. 
 
 Belle -Isle-en-Mer, dep. 
 Morbihan (hypKens). 
 
 6e//e/-indre (Fr.f.),mother- 
 in-law, stepmother; with- 
 out hyphen, beautiful 
 mother; — mort, natural 
 death ; — passion *, the 
 tender passion. 
 
 belles-lettres*, literature, 
 is plural (hyphen). 
 
 Bel/oochee, -uchi, use 
 Baluchi. 
 
 belvedere* (It.), a raised 
 building, not belvi- ; pron. 
 bel-ve-deer' (not ital.). 
 
 Ben Bui, near Inveraray. 
 
 Ben Buie, Sound of Mull. 
 
 bene decessit (Lat.), he 
 died naturally. 
 
 Benedic (liturg.), canticle 
 from Psalm ciii. 
 
 Benedicite*, the "Song of 
 the Three Children." 
 
 benedicite ! * bless you ! 
 
 Benedick, in " Much Ado 
 about Nothing." 
 
 Benedict*, a newly-mar- 
 ried man. 
 
 30 
 
BENEDICT — B. ES S. 
 
 Benedict Biscop, 628-90, 
 
 Anglo-Saxon Churchman. 
 
 Benedictus*, the fifth 
 movement of the Mass. 
 
 benej esse (Lat.), well- 
 being ; — exeaty certifi- 
 cate of good character. 
 
 benefactor *, not -er. 
 
 benificiaire (Fr. m.), the 
 recipient of a benefit. 
 
 beneficijum, an ecclesias- 
 tical living ; pi. -a. 
 
 benefit/*, -ed*, -ing*. 
 
 benej merenti (Lat.), to 
 the well-deserving ; — 
 meritUS, having well 
 deserved, pi — meriti. 
 
 benet *, R.C. Order {see also 
 bennet). 
 
 bene vale (Lat.), farewell, 
 abbr. A. V. ; — vobis I 
 prosperity to you ! 
 
 bea ficcato (It.), well 
 established. 
 
 B.Eng., Bachelor of Eng- 
 ineering. 
 
 Bengali/*, native, also of, 
 Bengal, not -ee, pi. -s; 
 abbr. Beng. 
 
 Benjamin, abbr. B., or 
 Benj. 
 
 Ben/ Lawers, Perth ; — 
 Macdhui, Aberdeen. 
 
 Bennet, fam. name of Earl 
 of Tankerville. 
 
 bennet*, a grass (see also 
 benet). 
 
 Ben Rhydding, Yorks. 
 
 benthal*, ocean depths 
 exceeding 6000 feet. 
 
 Bentham (G.), 1800-84, 
 bot. ; abbr. Bentli. 
 
 ben trovato (It.), well 
 invented. 
 
 Ben/ Venue, — Vrackie, 
 Perth (two words). 
 
 ben venuto (It.), welcome. 
 
 Benvoirlich, Perth (one 
 word). 
 
 benzene*, «o/-ine. 
 
 benzol*, not -e. 
 
 benzoline *. 
 
 " Beowulf," Anglo-Saxon 
 epic. 
 
 bequeather*, a testator, 
 berberry, use bar- * 
 berceau (Fr. m.), cradle, 
 berceaunette, use bassi- 
 net*, 
 berceuse, a cradle song, 
 bereavement*, «o/.vment. 
 Berg] (Ger. m.), a mountain ; 
 
 pi. -e (cap.). 
 Bergamask*, native of 
 
 Bergamo, Lombardy. 
 bergamot*, «o/bur-. 
 Bergerac, a town, also 
 
 wine made there ; — 
 
 (Savinien Cyrano de), 
 
 1620-55. 
 beriberi*, tropical disease, 
 
 not -ria (one word). 
 Bering Isle, Sea, and 
 
 Strait, not Beh-, -ings. 
 Berk, (bot.), Berkeley. 
 Berks, Berkshire. 
 Bernard (Claude), 1813- 
 
 78, physiologist. 
 Berne, Swiss canton and 
 
 town ; in Ger. Bern. 
 Bemers(Dame Juliana), 
 
 wrote "Boke of St. 
 
 Albans," first ed. i486. 
 Bernhardt (Rosine, called 
 
 *«Sarah*»),i844-,actress. 
 Bernoulli, family of math., 
 
 not -illi. 
 bemouse, use burnous*, 
 
 Arab cloak, 
 bersaglier/e (It.), a rifle- 
 man ; pi. -i. 
 berth* (naut.), not hi-. 
 Berthelot (P. E. M.), 
 
 1827-1907, Fr. chemist ; 
 
 pron. bert'lo. 
 Berthollet (count C. L.), 
 
 1 748-1822, Fr. chemist. 
 beryllium*, symbol Be. 
 Berzelius (J. J., baron), 
 
 1779-1848, chemist. 
 fi. ks A,, now B. ^S L, 
 Besancon, dep. Doubs. 
 bes-an'tler, use bez- 
 
 antler*. 
 B. §s li. (Fr.), Bachelier 
 
 es lettres (Bachelor of 
 
 Letters) ; B. ds S., ditto 
 
 sciences (no hyphens). 
 
 31 
 
BESO — BIGELOW 
 
 besoj las manos (Sp.), "I 
 kiss the hands" (frequent- 
 ly said or written) ; — 
 los pies, "I kiss the 
 feet." 
 
 Bessbrook, Co. Armagh. 
 
 Besses o' th' Barn, town 
 near Manchester. 
 
 bestialize *, not -ise. 
 
 bestre'w*, not -ow. 
 
 Bestuur*, government in 
 Dutch-speaking S. Africa. 
 
 bete ^Fr.), stupid. 
 
 Betelgeux (astr.), red star 
 in Orion, not -euse. 
 
 bite noire {Ft. f.), an object 
 of aversion, not — noir. 
 
 betise (Fr. f.), stupidity. 
 
 betony* (bot), not bett-. 
 
 better*, one who bets, not 
 -or. 
 
 Bett^ws-y-Coed, Carnar- 
 von (hyphens). 
 
 bevel/*, -led*, -ling*. 
 
 Beverley, Yorks. 
 
 Beverly, Mass., U.S.A. 
 
 bevy*, proper word for a 
 company of ladies, larks, 
 maidens, quails, or roes. 
 
 bewet*, leather attaching 
 bell to hawk, not -it. 
 
 Bexleyheath, Kent (one 
 word, "P.O. Guide"). 
 
 bey* (Turk.), a governor. 
 
 bey lie*, jurisdiction of a 
 bey, not -ik. 
 
 Beyrout, use Beirut. 
 
 bezant*, gold coin, not by-. 
 
 bez-antler*,of deer's horn, 
 not bes-, bis- (hyphen). 
 
 bezel*, a slope, «o/-il, basil. 
 
 b.f., beer firkin. 
 
 bg., bgs., bag, -s. 
 
 B*hani., Birmingham. 
 
 bhang*, Ind. hemp, «o/ba-. 
 
 bheesty *, Indian water- 
 carrier, not -ie. 
 
 b.h.p., brake horse-power. 
 
 B.I., British India. 
 
 Bi* (chem.), bismuth, 
 biannual*, half-yearly, but 
 
 biennial*, two-yearly, 
 bias/*, -ed*, -ing*. 
 Bib.. Bible, -ical. 
 
 bibl., bibltotheca (library). 
 Bible, abbr. Bib. (cap.). 
 
 {See also authorities, 
 
 quotations.) 
 
 Bible - Text 
 
 asize of type as above, four 
 and a half lines to the inch 
 (h5rphen). 
 
 "Biblia Pauperum*' 
 (caps.). 
 
 Biblical (cap.), abbr. Bib. 
 
 bibliOgraaf {Dutch), biblio- 
 grapher, Ger. m. Biblio- 
 graph, Fr. m. bibiio- 
 grapbe. 
 
 bibliograph/er, -ic, -ical, 
 -y ; abbr. biblio?. 
 
 bibliopegy*, bookbinding. 
 
 biblioltbeca* (Lat.), a li- 
 brary ; -thScaire ( Fr. m. ), 
 a hbrarian; -tbeque* 
 (Fr. f.), a library. 
 
 Bibliotbekj (Ger. f.), a 
 library ; -ar (m.), a 
 librarian (caps.). 
 
 BicStre, asylum near Paris. 
 
 Bickleigh, Devon. 
 
 Bickley, Cheshire, Kent. 
 
 bidder *, one who bids. 
 
 bider*, one who bides or 
 remains. 
 
 bidet*, bath, no/ -ette. 
 
 biea aim] 6 (Fr.\ /em. 
 'ie, well- beloved ; bien] 
 cbaussjSy/em. -ie, neat- 
 ly-booted; — entendu, 
 of course; — gantle,fem, 
 -ee, well-gloved. 
 
 biennial*, two-yearly, 
 (hot.) ©,6«/ biannual*, 
 half-yearly. 
 
 biennium, a two-year 
 period. 
 
 biensSance (Fr. f.), pro- 
 priety, 
 
 bihre (Fr. f.), beer, bier. 
 
 biestings, use bee-*. 
 
 biffS (Fr.), cancelled. 
 
 bigarreau*, white-heart 
 cherry, not -aroon. 
 
 Bigelow (E.B.), 1814-79, 
 machinist ; — (Jacob), 
 1787-1879, botanist; — 
 
 3a 
 
BIGELOW — BISQUE 
 
 (John), 1817- writer; 
 Bigelow (Mr. and Mrs. 
 Poultney), Amer. 
 
 writers. 
 
 "Biglow Papers (The)," 
 1848, '68, by J. R. Lowell. 
 
 bigot/*, -ed*. 
 
 bijou/*, a "gem"; pi. -x*. 
 
 bilberry*, not bill-. 
 
 bilbo/ *, a fetter ; pi. -es *. 
 
 Bilborough, Notts. 
 
 Bilbrough, Yorks. 
 
 Bilderdijk (Willein), 
 1756-1831, Dutch poet, 
 philologist. 
 
 Bill (parliamentary) (cap.). 
 
 biJIa vera (law), a true bill. 
 
 billet/*, -ed*, -ing*. 
 
 billet-doux* (Fr. m.), a 
 
 love letter; pi. billets 
 
 (hyphens). 
 
 billiards, in Fr. m. billard. 
 
 billion* (Eng., Ger.), a mil- 
 lion millions;(Fr., U.S.A.), 
 a thousand millions. 
 
 bill of/ exchange, abbr. 
 
 b.e. ; lading, abbr. 
 
 B/Ij. (printed six to a 
 
 sheet on folio post) ; 
 
 sale, abbr. b.s. 
 
 Bilston, Staffs. 
 
 Bilstone, Leicester. 
 
 biltong*, sun-dried meat 
 
 Biluchi, use Bal-. 
 
 bimeridian*, recurring at 
 midday and midnight. 
 
 bimetall/ic*, -ism*,-ist*. 
 
 bimillenary*, a period of 
 2000 years. 
 
 bindery*, a bookbinder's 
 establishment. 
 
 Bindestrich (Ger. typ. m.), 
 the hyphen. 
 
 binding, see various head- 
 ings. 
 
 binnacle* (naut.), a com- 
 pass-stand. 
 
 binocle*, a field-glass. 
 
 binocular*, a field-glass. 
 
 Binstead, I. of Wight. 
 
 Binsted, Alton, Hants. 
 
 biograph/er,-ic, -ical,-y; 
 abbr. biog. 
 
 biolog/y, -ical ; abbr. biol. 
 
 Bipont/*, -ine*, books 
 printed at Bipontiura 
 (Zweibrucken), Bavaria. 
 
 bird-cage* (hyphen). 
 
 bird's-eye view*. 
 
 Birmingham, abbr. 
 
 B'ham. 
 
 Birnam, Perth, immortal- 
 ized in " Macbeth." 
 
 Birstal, Yorks. 
 
 Birstall, Leicester. 
 
 birth (naut.), use be-*. 
 
 birthplace, abbr. bpl. 
 
 bis* (Fr., It, Lat), twice. 
 
 bis., bissextile. 
 
 bisantler, use bez- *. 
 
 Biscayan, abbr. Bisc. 
 
 Bischof (K. G.), 1792- 
 1870, chem., geol. 
 
 Bischoff (T.L.W.), 1807- 
 82, anatomist. 
 
 bis dat qui cito dat (Lat.) f 
 he gives twice who gives 
 quickly. 
 
 Bishop, abbr. Bp. ; (chess) 
 B. 
 
 Bishop in partibus infi- 
 delium, R.C. Bishop in 
 diocese of unbelievers. 
 
 bishop's length* (paint- 
 ing), canvas 58x94 in., 
 half ditto 45 X 56 in. 
 
 Bishop's Stortlord, Herts 
 (apos.). 
 
 Bishopsteignton, Devon 
 (one word). 
 
 Bishopston, Glos, War- 
 wick, Wilts, Glam. 
 
 Bishopstone, Berks, 
 
 Hereford, Sussex, Wilts. 
 
 Bishop's Waltham, 
 Hants (apos.). 
 
 Bishopthorpe, residence 
 ofAbp.ofYork(oneword). 
 
 bisk*, a rich soup (not ital.) 
 {see also bisque). 
 
 Bismarck (O. E. L., 
 Fiirst von), 1815-98, not 
 -ark. 
 
 bismillah* (Arab.), "in 
 the name of God," mo/ biz-. 
 
 bismuth*, symbol Bi*. 
 
 bisque* (tennis) (not ital.) 
 {see also bisk) . 
 33 3 
 
BISSEXTILE — BLOTTESQUE 
 
 bissextile, abbr. bis. 
 bistre *, pigment, not 
 
 -er. 
 bit* (U.S.A.), 12V2 cents, 
 bitt/* (naut. ),/./. -s. 
 bitter end (naut.), the 
 
 end of a rope loose after 
 
 belaying, 
 bitumin/ize*, -ons*. 
 bivouac/*, -ked *, -king *. 
 bizarre* (not ital.). 
 Bizet (Georges), 1838-75, 
 
 French composer. 
 Bjomson (Bjom- 
 
 Btjerne), 1832-1910, 
 
 Norwegian writer. 
 bk., bank, book; bkg., 
 
 banking ; bkt., bkts., 
 
 basket, -s. 
 B.L., Bachelor of Law, 
 
 breech-loader, -ing; B/L, 
 
 bill of lading ; bl., bis., 
 
 bale, -s, barrel, -s. 
 blabber*, to chatter, not 
 
 bio-. 
 Blackbume (J. H.), 
 
 1842-, chess player. 
 Black Friars, Leics. 
 Blackfriars, London. 
 Black Friday, ii May, 
 
 1866. 
 black game*, wa/^ black- 
 cock *, few. grey-hen *. 
 filarft4tttet* (t2p.)> a fani^S 
 
 tgpe, as tfjis. 
 Blackmoor, Hants. 
 Blackmore, Essex ; — 
 
 (B.D.), 1 825- 1 900, writer. 
 Blackrock, Brecon, Cork, 
 
 Co. Dublin, Louth. 
 Black Rod*, abbr. for 
 
 '' Gentleman Usher of the 
 
 Black Rod." 
 blacks* (typ.),when spaces 
 
 print. 
 blaeberry, Sc. for bil- *. 
 Blaenau Festiniog, not 
 
 Blainiau or Ffe-. 
 blague! * (Fr. f.), humbug; 
 
 -lir (m.), hoaxer. 
 Blairadam, Kinross (one 
 
 word). 
 Blair-Atholl, Perth 
 
 (caps., hyphen). 
 
 Blairgowrie, Perth (one 
 word). 
 
 Blairs College, Aber- 
 deen (no apostrophe). 
 
 blameable*, «o/-mable. 
 
 blancbailles (Fr. f. pi.), 
 whitebait. 
 
 blanchktre (Fr.), whitish. 
 
 blancbisseuse (Fr. f.), 
 laundress. 
 
 blancmange* (cook.) (one 
 word, not ital.). 
 
 blanket/*, -ed*, -ing*. 
 
 Blantyre "Works, Mid- 
 Lanark, a village (two 
 words, caps.). 
 
 blas6*, surfeited with en- 
 joyment (not ital.). 
 
 blatant *, not blatt-. 
 
 Blatherwick, Northants, 
 not -wyck. 
 
 Blaze de Bury (Ma- 
 dame), 1813-88, writer. 
 
 bldg., bldgs., building, -s. 
 
 B.L.E., Brotherhood of 
 Locomotive Engineers. 
 
 bleed (bookbinding), to 
 overcut the margins and 
 mutilate the printing. 
 
 bleu aire (Fr.), bluish. 
 
 bleu foncS (Fr. m.), dark- 
 blue. 
 
 blind/-blocking*, or — 
 -tooling* (bookbinding), 
 impression by hot tools 
 only. 
 
 blind ^, paragraph mark. 
 
 B.Iiitt., Baccalaureus Liter- 
 arum (Bachelor of Let- 
 ters, Oxford). 
 
 blizzard*, a storm, not 
 bliss-. 
 
 blk. (typ.), black, block, -s. 
 
 B.XjL., Bachelor of Laws. 
 
 blobber, use blabber*. 
 
 Block (Maurice), 1816-, 
 French economist. 
 
 blond*, fair-complexion ed; 
 fent. blonde* (not ital.). 
 
 bloqu6{FT. typ.), turned; 
 caractbres bloqu&s, 
 turned letters. 
 
 blottesque*, painting with 
 blotted touches (not ital.). 
 
 34 
 
BLOUSE — BONA 
 
 blouse*, pron. blowz, in Fr. 
 
 bluuz (not ital.). 
 B.Ij.E..,breech.loading rifles 
 Blubberhouses, Yorks 
 
 (one word). 
 Bliicher (G. L. von), 
 
 1 742-1834, Field-Marshal. 
 blue bell* (two words). 
 Blue book*, governmental 
 
 (cap., two words). 
 blueing*, not blui-. 
 blueish, use bluish*, 
 bluejacket, R.N. sailor 
 
 (one word). 
 blue-printing, a photog. 
 
 process, 
 bluey*. 
 
 bluing, use blueing*, 
 bluish*, not blue-. 
 Blundellsands, Lanes 
 
 (one word). 
 Bluntschli (J. K.), 1808- 
 
 81, jurist. 
 Blut und Eisen (Ger.), 
 
 blood and iron. 
 Blyth Bridge, Peebles. 
 Blythe Bridge, Staffs. 
 B.M., Bachelorof Medicine; 
 
 Beata Maria (the Blessed 
 
 Virgin), beatee memorial 
 
 (of blessed memory) ; 
 
 (Survey) Bench Mark ; 
 
 b.m., bene merenti (to the 
 
 well-deserving); B.M.E., 
 
 Bachelor of Mining 
 
 Engineering ; B.Mus., 
 
 Bachelor of Music. 
 B.N.C, Brasenose College, 
 
 Oxford. 
 b.O., branch office, buyer's 
 
 option. 
 B.O. A., British Optical 
 
 Association. 
 Boabdil, king of Granada. 
 B.O.A.F.G., British Order 
 
 of Ancient Free Gardeners. 
 Boanerges/*, a loud 
 
 preacher ; pi. -es*. 
 Board/, abbr. bd. ; — of 
 
 Trade, abbr. B.O.T. 
 Board-Bohool* (cap. B, 
 
 hyphen). 
 boatswain*, pron. bo'sn; 
 
 abbr. bos'n. 
 
 35 
 
 bob-Mrhite*, Amer. quail. 
 
 bocasin*, a fine buckram. 
 
 Boccaccio (Giovanni), 
 i3i3-75> It. writer (4 c's). 
 
 Bodicote, Oxon, not Bodd-. 
 
 Bodleian Library. 
 
 body-guard * (hyphen). 
 
 Boerhaave (Herman), 
 1668-1738, naturalist. 
 
 Boethius (A. M. S.), a.d. 
 470-525, Roman states- 
 man. 
 
 bceufiYr. m.), beef. 
 
 Bogie (Colonel), of golf. 
 
 bogie*, a truck. 
 
 bogy*, ghost, not-ey. 
 
 Bohemian*, easy-living 
 (cap.). 
 
 Bokhara, not Bu-. 
 
 bolas/*, a lasso with two 
 balls ; pi. -es *. 
 
 bold-face type: as this; 
 indicated in MS. by wavy 
 underlining . 
 
 bolero*, Sp. dance. 
 
 bolivar, Bolivian dollar. 
 
 Bolivia/, -n, abbr. Bol. 
 
 bolometer*, exact heat 
 measurer. 
 
 bolt* (typ.), the unopened 
 fold of a folded sheet. 
 
 bolus/*, pi. -es*. 
 
 bombasine*, a fabric, not 
 -bazeen, -bazine, -bycine. 
 
 Bom. C.S., Bombay Civil 
 Service. 
 
 Bom. S.C, Bombay Staff 
 Corps. 
 
 bona (law), goods. 
 
 bon-accord*(^Sc.),goodwill. 
 
 bonas notas (Lat.), meri- 
 torious. 
 
 bonaj fide* (Lat.), genuine- 
 ly; — fides*, good faith 
 (no accent) ; — mobi/ia, 
 movable goods ; — nota- 
 bilia, noteworthy things. 
 
 bonanza* (U.S.A.), good 
 luck. 
 
 Bonaparte, not Buona- 
 parte, Corsican family. 
 
 bonal peritura (Lat.), 
 perishable goods ; — va- 
 cantia^ unclaimed — . 
 8* 
 
BONA VENTURE — BOOKS 
 
 bonaventure," goodhap.^^ 
 
 bon-bon*, a dainty, in Fr. 
 m. one word ; bonbon- 
 nidre* (f.), a box for 
 dainties. 
 
 boa camarade (Fr. m.), 
 good comrade ; fern, 
 bonne — . 
 
 bon-chr6tien*, a pear. 
 
 bonj compagnon (Fr. m.), 
 pleasant companion ; — 
 courage f good courage. 
 
 bond, abbr. bd. 
 
 bondholder* (one word). 
 
 bonj diable (Fr. m.), good- 
 natured fellow ; — en- 
 fant, good fellow. 
 
 Bo*ness, Linlithgow, apos- 
 trophe, being originally 
 Borrowstouuness (see also 
 Bowness). 
 
 bon gout (Fr. m.), good 
 taste; bongri, malgrS, 
 whether one will or not. 
 
 Bonheur (Rosa), 1822- 
 99, Fr. painter. 
 
 bonhomie*, good nature. 
 
 bonbomme* (Fr. m.), a 
 pleasant fellow, a friar. 
 
 Bonhomme (Jacques)*, 
 the French peasant. 
 
 bonjour (Fr. m.), good 
 day (one word). 
 
 bon Jour, bonne oeuvre 
 (Fr.), "the better the 
 day, the better the deed." 
 
 bon marcbe (Fr.), a cheap 
 shop, cheap ; bon mot*, 
 a witticism, />/. bons mots 
 (two words, not ital.). 
 
 bonne* (Fr. f.), a nurse- 
 maid. 
 
 bonne-bouche*, a dainty 
 morsel,/)/, bonnes-bou- 
 ches*; bonne I com- 
 pagnie (Fr.), well-bred 
 society; — foi, good faith ; 
 — fortune, success, pi. 
 bonnes fortunes ; — 
 gr^ce, gracefulness, pi. 
 bonnes graces. 
 
 bonne ment (Fr.), frankly. 
 
 bonne mine (Fr. f.), 
 pleasant looks. 
 
 bonnet/*, -ed*, -ing*. 
 
 bonnet rouge (Fr. m.), 
 revolutionists' cap. 
 
 Bononia,Lat.forBologna. 
 
 bons a vue (Fr. m.), bills, 
 etc., at sight. 
 
 bontebok*, antelope. 
 
 bon ton (Fr.m.\ good style. 
 
 bonumj omen (Lat.), a 
 good omen ; — public- 
 um, the public good, 
 abbr. b.p, 
 
 bon-vivant/*,/«w.bonne- 
 vivante, one fond of 
 luxurious living (hyphen, 
 not ital.) ; pi. -s. 
 
 bonj viveur (Fr. m.), a free 
 liver; — voyage I a 
 pleasant journey ! 
 
 Booerhave, use Boer- 
 haave. 
 
 book/, -s, abbr. bk., bks. 
 
 bookbinding* (one word). 
 
 book-keeping* (hyphen). 
 
 book-plate * (hyphen). 
 
 books (cited titles of), 
 to be roman double- 
 quoted, not italic. 
 
 books (size in inches 
 imout) :— 
 
 Crown 8vo . 
 
 , ), 4to . 
 ^ Demy 8vo 
 ,, 4to . 
 Foolscap 8vo 
 „ . 4to . 
 Imperial 8vo . 
 ,, 4to . 
 Medium 8vo . 
 „ 4to . 
 Post8vo . . 
 ,, 4to . . 
 Pott 8vo . . 
 ,, 4to . . 
 Royal 8vo 
 
 ,, 4to . 
 
 Super roy.Svo 
 
 „ 4to 
 
 7V2X 5 
 
 10 X 7Va 
 
 8^4 X 5V2 
 
 11 X 83/ . 
 67.x 4V4 
 8V.X 63/, 
 
 11 X 7Va 
 15 XII 
 
 97jX 6 
 
 12 X 9Va 
 8x5 
 
 10 X 8 
 67, X 4 
 8 . X 6^/* 
 10 X &U 
 1273 X 10 
 107* X 67, 
 i37aXio7, 
 
 books of Scripture 
 
 (tj^p.), not to be italic, nor 
 double-quoted ; forabbrs. 
 see separate titles. 
 
 36 
 
BOOKWORK — BOUQUIWIST 
 
 bookwork, see prelimin- 
 ary matter. 
 
 boose*, a cow stall {see 
 also booze). 
 
 Bootes* (astr.), the con- 
 stellation ; pron. bo-O'tes. 
 
 booze*, to drink, not -se, 
 bouse, -ze, bowse. 
 
 boozy*, drunken. 
 
 B.O.P., "Boy's Own 
 Paper." 
 
 bor., borough. 
 
 Bordeaux*, a claret (in Fr. 
 m. not cap.). 
 
 bordereau (Fr. m.), a 
 memorandum. 
 
 borecole*, kale. 
 
 Borghese, Italian family, 
 pron. bor-ga'za. 
 
 borize*, to inject borax. 
 
 born, abbr. b. 
 
 boron*, symbol B*. 
 
 borough, abbr. bor. 
 
 borzoi/, Russian wolf- 
 hound ; pi, -s. 
 
 Boscovich (B,. J.), 17 ii- 
 87, math., not -tch. 
 
 bos*n, abbr. of boatswain. 
 
 Bosna-Serai, capital of 
 Bosnia (caps., hyphen). 
 
 Bosphorus, more correctly 
 Bosporus. 
 
 Bossuet (J. B.), 1627- 
 1704, Fr. bishop, writer. 
 
 Boswellize*, to write as 
 Boswell (cap.). 
 
 bot/*, -fly*, «o/-tt. 
 
 B.O.T., Board of Trade. 
 
 Botallack, Cornish mine. 
 
 botanize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 botan/y, -ical, -ist, abbr. 
 bot.; genera, species, and 
 varieties to be ital. ; all 
 other divisions roman : 
 
 Rosaceae (order or 
 family) ; Rosa (genus), 
 but genera in popular use 
 in roman, as Geranium, 
 Lobelias (pi.) ; Rosadam- 
 ascena (species). 
 
 Specific names to be 
 I.e., except when formerly 
 generic, or commemora- 
 tive, as Inula Heleniuntj 
 
 botany (cont.). 
 
 Paeonta Wiitmannianay 
 Salvia Mathewsii. 
 
 Signs in common 
 use: — 
 
 annual, G or © ; bien- 
 nial, ; dioecious, ^ ? ; 
 doubtful, ? ; female, ? ; 
 hermaphrodite, ^ or ^ ; 
 hybrid, x ; male, ^ ; 
 monoecious, ^-$; number 
 indefinite, 00 ; none or 
 absent, o ; perennial, % ; 
 personally verified, ! ; 
 polygamous, ^^9; sec- 
 tion (of a genus), § ; tree. 
 
 \ . Signs 
 
 t, :, 
 
 variously used, to be de- 
 fined by author usingsame. 
 
 bothy* (Sc), a hut, not 
 -ie. 
 
 Botticelli(Sandro), 1447- 
 I5i5» painter. 
 
 bottom notes (typ.), foot- 
 notes. 
 
 B.O.U., British Ornithol- 
 ogists' Union. 
 
 Boucicault (Dion), 1822- 
 90, Irish dramatist. 
 
 boudoir* (not ital.). 
 
 bouffant]* {Yt.\ fern, -e, 
 puffed out, as a dress. 
 
 Bouguereau (W. A.), 
 1825-1905, Fr. painter. 
 
 bouilli* (Fr. m.), stewed 
 meat (not ital.). 
 
 boum\ie (Fr. f.), infant 
 food ; -on* (™0) broth, a 
 flounce ; -onnif puff"ed, 
 flounced. 
 
 boul., boulevard. 
 
 boule*, usually buhl. 
 
 boulevard/* (Fr. m.), 
 abbr. boul. ; -ier*, a 
 "man about town." 
 
 bouleversJS (Fr.), over- 
 turned; -ement* (m.), 
 a violent inversion. 
 
 bounceable *, not -cable. 
 
 bound, abbr. bd, 
 
 bouquetin*, the ibex. 
 
 bouquinist*, second-hand 
 bookseller; in Fr.m. boU' 
 quiniste. 
 
 37 
 
BOUKGEOIS — BB.COIi. 
 
 bourgeois/* {YT.\fent. -e, 
 one of the middle-class ; 
 -ie*, the middle-class. 
 
 bourgeois * (typ. ) , an eight 
 and half point type, eight 
 and a half lines to the 
 inch, as this ; pron. bur- 
 joice'. 
 
 Bourn, Cambs. 
 
 Bourne, Lines, Surrey. 
 
 bourne *, a limit, not -n. 
 
 bourse*. Stock Exchange. 
 
 boursier (Fr. m.), a stock- 
 broker. 
 
 bouse*, to drink, use 
 booze *. 
 
 bouse * (naut.), to haul, not 
 -wse. 
 
 boutique (Fr. f.), a shop. 
 
 boutonnidre (Fr. f.), a 
 "button-hole." 
 
 bouts-rim^s *, rhymed 
 endings. 
 
 Bowdlerize *, to expurgate 
 (cap.). 
 
 bowie*, a knife. 
 
 bowled (cricket), abbr. b. 
 
 BownesSjCumb, Westmor- 
 land {see also Bo'ness). 
 
 bo w^- window*, a seg- 
 mental bay-window, 
 
 box/, -es, abbr. bx., bxs. 
 
 Boycott (to) (cap.). 
 
 ** Boy's Own Paper," 
 abbr. B.O.P. 
 
 bozza (It), printer's proof. 
 
 B.P., British Public; Bp., 
 Bishop; b.p.jbelowproof, 
 bill of parcels, bills pay- 
 able, bonum publicum (the 
 public good) ;b.p.b.,bank 
 post bills ; bpl., birth- 
 place. 
 
 B.Q,., Bene quiescat (may he, 
 or she, repose well !). 
 
 bque. (naut.), barque. 
 
 Br., British, (bot.) R. 
 Brown ; Br (chem.), bror 
 mine ; br., brig ; b.r., bills 
 receivable. 
 
 " Brabanconne (La),** 
 Belgian national air. 
 
 brace* (typ.) ^-i^^— s 
 
 brackets* (typ.), [], not 
 
 the parentheses or round 
 
 form (). {See punctua- 
 tion, IV.) 
 bradawl* (one word), 
 bradoon, use bri-*. 
 braggadocio* (not ital.). 
 Brahma *, supreme Hindu 
 
 god, not -hm, -hme (not 
 
 ital.). 
 brahma*, a domestic fowl. 
 Brahmapootra*, Indian 
 
 river. 
 Brahmin/* (Hind.), one of 
 
 the highest caste, not -an; 
 
 fern, -ee*, not -i. 
 braies (Fr. typ. f.), spoiled 
 
 sheets. 
 brail *, to haul up. 
 braille, raised letters for 
 
 the blind, 
 braise* (cook.), not -ze 
 
 {see also braze), 
 brake*, for wheel, a large 
 
 vehicle, etc., not break. 
 Br .Am., British America, 
 bran/*, -ny*. 
 Brandes (Georg M. H.), 
 
 1 842-, Danish writer, 
 brand-new*, «o/bran-. 
 brant-goose, M5«brent- *. 
 Brantdme (P. de B.), 
 
 1540-1614, French writer. 
 brasserie (Fr. f.), brewery, 
 brassy* (Sc), the wrasse 
 
 fish, a golf club, not -ie. 
 bratticing* (arch.), open 
 
 carved work. 
 Brauneberger, a white 
 
 wine. 
 Braunschweig, Ger. for 
 
 Brunswick. 
 bravja! (It), "well done!" 
 
 to a woman, -O, to a man. 
 bravado/*, pi. -es*. 
 bravo/*, a desperado; pi. 
 
 -es. 
 braw* (Sc), fine. 
 Brawne (Fanny), loved 
 
 by Keats, not Bro-. 
 braze*, to solder, not -ise, 
 
 -ize (see also braise). 
 Brazil/, -ian, abbr. Braz. 
 Br.Col., British Columbia. 
 
BKEADAIiBANE — BROCKHAUS 
 
 Breadalbane (Marquess 
 of). 
 
 break/* (5** brake); (typ.) 
 the division into a fresh 
 
 paragraph ; line*, last 
 
 one of a paragraph : never 
 to begin page, and should 
 have more than five let- 
 ters, except in narrow 
 measures. 
 
 break-down*, a collapse. 
 
 b. rec, bills receivable, 
 
 breccia* (geol), not -chia. 
 
 Brechin, Forfar. 
 
 Brecon, not Brecknock, 
 -shire. 
 
 breech-load/er, -ing,abbr. 
 
 B. L. ; ing rifle, 
 
 B.L.B. 
 
 Breitkopf & Hartel, pub- 
 lishers, Leipzig. 
 
 brent-goose *, not bra-. 
 
 Bretagne, Fr. for Brit- 
 tany; Grande — , Great 
 Britain. 
 
 Breton, abbr. Bret. 
 
 brev., brevet, -ed. 
 
 brevet d'invention (Fr. 
 m.), a patent. 
 
 brevets s.g.d.g, (Fr.), pa- 
 tented without Govern- 
 ment guarantee. 
 
 brevier* (typ.), a fount 
 about eight point, as this, 
 nine and a half lines to the 
 inch ; pron. bre-veer'. 
 
 brevi manu* (Lat.), off- 
 hand. 
 
 briar, use -er*. 
 
 bribable*, «o/-eable. 
 
 bric-§i-brac* (accent). 
 
 Bridge End, Donegal, Fife, 
 Flint, Linlithgow, Perth. 
 
 Bridgend, Argyl, Glam, 
 Perth. 
 
 Bridgenorth, Salop, now 
 Bridgnorth. 
 
 Bridgeton, Glasgow ; New 
 Jersey, U.S.A. 
 
 Bridgetown, Barbados, 
 Canada, Devon, Donegal, 
 Somerset, W. Austral., 
 Wexford (one word). 
 
 Bridgnorth, Salop. 
 
 Bridgwater, Somerset, 
 
 not Bridge-. 
 bridoon*, a bridle, not bra-, 
 brier/*, — -root*, — 
 
 -rose*, not briar-, brere-, 
 brig (naut.), abbr. br. 
 Brig., brigade, -ier. 
 Brillat-Savarin (A.), 
 
 1 755-1 826, gastronomist, 
 brilliant* (typ. \ .an. .»a hM 
 
 point fount, ■• tliUaBiii«tMii aod thre»-quart«r lta«« 
 
 bring up (typ.), to underlay 
 or overlay. 
 
 Brinvilliers (marquise 
 de), 1630-76, criminal. 
 
 brioche'' (Fr. f.), blunder, 
 cake. 
 
 briquette*, a block of 
 artificial fuel. 
 
 Bristol - board*, card- 
 board used by artists. 
 
 Brit./, Britain, Britannia, 
 -icus, -ica, British ; — 
 Mus., British Museum. 
 
 Briticism* (as Gallicism, 
 Scotticism). 
 
 British/, abbr. Brit. ; 
 
 — Academy, B.A. ; 
 
 — America, Br. Am. ; 
 
 — India, B.I. ; — Mu- 
 seum, Brit. Mus. 
 
 Britt. (coins), Britan- 
 niarum. 
 
 ]5rittany,in Fr. Bretagne, 
 
 britzka*, Polish carriage, 
 not the many variations. 
 
 bro., bros., brother, -s. 
 
 Broad - Churchman * 
 (caps., hyphen). 
 
 Broad Heath, Tenbury. 
 
 Broadheath, Altrincham. 
 
 Broad Oak, Dorset, Here- 
 ford. Sussex. 
 
 Broadoak,CornwalI, Salop. 
 
 Broadw^as, Worcester. 
 
 Broadway, Wexford, 
 
 Worcester. 
 
 Broadwey, Dorset. 
 
 Brobdingnag*, not Brob- 
 dig-. 
 
 brochure*, a "stitched 
 work," not bound. 
 
 Brockhaus (F. A.), pub- 
 lisher, Leipzig. 
 
 39 
 
BROCKTON — BUCHHANDIiUNa 
 
 Brockton, Salop ; Mass., 
 U.S.A. 
 
 Brocton, Staffs. 
 
 Broglie, an It.-Fr. family. 
 
 bromine*, symbol Br. 
 
 bronchia* y branches of the 
 bronchi. 
 
 broncbjus* (anat.), a 
 branch of the windpipe ; 
 pi. -i*. 
 
 bronco/*, Mex. horse, not 
 -cho ; pi. -s. 
 
 Bronte (Charlotte), 1816- 
 55, writer. 
 
 brooch*, a dress fastening, 
 not -ach. 
 
 Brooke, Norfolk ; — 
 (Lord). 
 
 Brookline, Boston, U.S.A. 
 
 Brooklyn, New York. 
 
 Brooks's Club, London, 
 not -es's. 
 
 Broomedge, Warrington. 
 
 Broomhedge, Lisburn. 
 
 broomstick* (one word). 
 
 Broomyknowes, Mid- 
 lothian. 
 
 brother/, abbr. b. or bro., 
 pi. -s*, brethren*, abbr. 
 bros. ; — -german *, 
 ''whole" brother; in- 
 law* (hyphens). 
 
 Brotscbtift (Ger.), or- 
 dinary, not display, typQ. 
 
 Broughton (Rhoda), 
 1840-, novelist. 
 
 Brown (Ford Madox), 
 1821-93, painter ; — 
 (Robert), 17 73- 1858, 
 botanist ; abbr. Br. 
 
 Browne (C. F.), 1834-67, 
 * ' Artemus Ward, ' ' writer. 
 
 Brown-S6quard (C. E.), 
 1818-94, physiologist. 
 
 brow^se *, to eat, not -ze. 
 
 Brucb (Ger. m.), a frac- 
 tion. 
 
 Brugsch (H. K.), 1827- 
 94, Egyptologist. 
 
 Brummell (G. B., 
 "Beau"), 1778-1840. 
 
 Brunhild (Norse myth.). 
 
 Briinnhilde, Wagnerian 
 heroine. 
 
 Brunonian, an alumnus of 
 Brown University, U.S.A. 
 
 brusque* (not ital.). 
 
 Brussels, in Flem. Brus- 
 sel, in Fr. Bruxelles. 
 
 brussels sprouts* (not 
 cap., no apos.). 
 
 brutalize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 bmtum fulmen (Lat.), an 
 empty threat ; pi. bruta 
 fulmina. 
 
 Bruxelles, Fr. for Brus- 
 sels. 
 
 Bryn Mawr College, 
 Philadelphia, U.S.A. 
 
 BrynmawT, Brecon. 
 
 bryology, abbr. bryol. 
 
 Brython*, Welsh for 
 Briton. 
 
 B.S.*, Bachelor of Surgery ; 
 b.s., balance sheet, bill 
 of sale ; B.S.A., Biblio- 
 graphical Society of 
 America; B.S.C., Bengal 
 Staff Corps ; B.Sc, 
 Bachelor of Science ; 
 B.Sc.(Econ.), ditto in 
 faculty of Economics ; 
 B.Sc. (Eng.), ditto En- 
 gineering (London Uni- 
 versity) ; B.S.L., Botani- 
 cal Society of London. 
 
 B.Th., Bachelor of The- 
 ology ; B.Th.U., British 
 Thermal Unit; B.T.U. 
 (elec). Board of Trade 
 Unit, or kilowatt-hour. 
 
 B.IT., Brown University, 
 Rhode Island, U.S.A. 
 
 bu., bushel. 
 
 buccaneer*, «o/-ier,buca-. 
 
 Buccleuch (Duke of), not 
 -gh ; pron. buk-loo'. 
 
 Bucellas*, a white wine. 
 
 Bucb (Ger. n.), book; pi. 
 Bucber. 
 
 Bucharest, use Buka-. 
 
 Bucbjbinder (Ger. m), 
 bookbinder ; -binder- 
 kuast, art of bookbind- 
 ing ; -drucker, a printer ; 
 'druckerkunst, art of 
 printing; -handler, book- 
 seller; -handlungf book- 
 
 40 
 
BUCHSTABEN" — BUSHMILLS 
 
 seller's shop ; Buch- 
 
 staben, letters of the 
 
 alphabet. 
 Buckinghamshire, abbr. 
 
 Bucks (no point). 
 Bucknall, Lines, Staffs. 
 Bucknell, Oxon, Salop, 
 buckskin* (one word). 
 Budapest, Hungary, not 
 
 -pesth (one word). 
 Buddha* (Skt.), Gautama 
 
 Sakyasinha, died 543 B.C. 
 buddhi (Skt.), the intelli- 
 gence. 
 Buddh/ism *, -ist * ; (typ. ) 
 
 if necessary divide at 
 
 stroke; abbr. Budd. 
 budgerigar, a parakeet. 
 Buenos Ayres, Argentina, 
 
 not — Ai-. 
 buffalo/*,^/, -es*. 
 buffer State (cap. 5 only), 
 buffet/*, -ed*, -ing*. 
 Buffon (G. L. L.), 1707- 
 
 88, naturalist. 
 buhl, usualf but houle*. 
 building, abbr. bldg., pi. 
 
 bldgs. 
 Bukarest, not Bukh-. 
 Bukhara, use Bo-, 
 buksheesh, use bak-*. 
 bul., bulletin, 
 bulbul* (Pers.), ''the 
 
 nightingale of the East." 
 Bulgaria/, -n, abbr. Bulg. 
 bull* (Stock Exchange), a 
 
 speculator for the rise, 
 bulletin* (not ital.); abbr. 
 
 bul. 
 bulrush*, not bull-. 
 bumkin*(naut. ), not bump-. 
 bumpkin*, countryman. 
 buncom.be*, «o/ bunkum. 
 Bundesrat, not -th (s^^As- 
 
 semblies — Germany), 
 bundle/, -s, abbr. bdl/., -s. 
 bungalow*, a house with 
 
 one story (not ital.). 
 Bunker HiQ (battle of), 
 
 not Bunker's-, 
 bun/kum, use -combe*. 
 buonamano (It. f.), a 
 
 gratuity (one word). 
 Buonaparte, use Bona-. 
 
 bur, see burr, 
 burden*, not -then. 
 Burdett-Coutts (A. G., 
 
 Baroness), 1814-1906. 
 bureau/*,/*/. -x*(notital.). 
 Bureau Veritas, maritime 
 
 underwriters' association 
 
 at Brussels (two caps.), 
 burgamot, use ber-*. 
 burgaudine*, mother of 
 
 pearl, not -ndine. 
 burgeois, see bourgeois 
 
 (typ.)- 
 
 burgess, abbr. burg. 
 
 burgh* (Sc), a town pos- 
 sessing a charter, not 
 borough. 
 
 burglar*, not -er. 
 
 burgomaster * (one 
 
 word) ; abbr. burg. 
 
 burgrave *, a governor, 
 not burgg-. 
 
 Burgundy*, a wine. 
 
 Burial Service (caps.). 
 
 burl*, a lump in cloth. 
 
 burl., burlesque. 
 
 Burlington House, Lon- 
 don (caps.). 
 
 Burm/a, not -ah ; -an, 
 native of Burma,//, -ans. 
 
 Burne- Jones (Sir Ed- 
 ward), 1833-98, painter 
 (hyphen). 
 
 burnous *, Arab cloak, not 
 -e, bernouse (ital.). 
 
 Burntisland, Fife (one 
 word). 
 
 burnt sienna*, orange- 
 red pigment, not — siena. 
 
 burr*, a rough edge, not 
 bur. 
 
 Burren, Co. Down. 
 
 Burrin, Co. Galway. 
 
 burthen, ms^ burden*. 
 
 bus*, omnibus, not 'bus, pi. 
 buses: omnibus to be 
 used in print. 
 
 bushel*, 2218 cubic inches; 
 in U.S.A. 2150-4 ; abbr. 
 bus. 
 
 Bushey/, Herts ; — Park, 
 Middlesex, not -hy. 
 
 Bushmills, town in An- 
 trim (one word). 
 
BUSHY — BYZANT 
 
 Bushy House, National 
 Physical Laboratory. 
 
 busybody*, not busi-. 
 
 Butterleigh, Devon. 
 
 Butterley, Derby. 
 
 buttermilk* (one word). 
 
 buyer's option, abbr. b.o. 
 
 Buys-BaUot (C. H. D.), 
 1817-90, meteorologist. 
 
 B.V.* Beata Virgo (the 
 Blessed Virgin) ; b.v., 
 bene vale (farewell) ; 
 B.V.M., Beata Virgo 
 Maria (the Blessed Virgin 
 Mary). 
 
 B.W.G., Birmingham wire 
 gauge. 
 
 B.W.I., British West In- 
 dies. 
 
 B.W.T.A., British Wo- 
 men's Temperance Asso- 
 ciation. 
 
 bx., bxs., box, -es. 
 
 by and by* (no hyphens). 
 
 bye/, -a (cricket), abbr. b. 
 
 bye-bye*, a nursery good- 
 bye (hyphen). 
 
 by-election* (hyphen). 
 
 bygone* (one word). 
 
 by-lane * (hyphen). 
 
 by-law*, «o^bye-. 
 
 byname*, a sobriquet (one 
 word). 
 
 bypath* (one word). 
 
 by-play* (hyphen). 
 
 by-plot *, by-product *, 
 not bye-. 
 
 by-road* (hyphen). 
 
 bystander* (one word). 
 
 by-street* (hyphen). 
 
 by the by* (no hyphens). 
 
 by-'walk*, a private walk 
 (hyphen). 
 
 by-"way* (hyphen). 
 
 bjrvrord* (one word). 
 
 byzant*, Ms^be-*. 
 
B NOTES 
 
 43 
 
B NOTES 
 
 -r^iv 
 
C. — CAIAPHAS 
 
 C, Catholic, centigrade, 
 century, chairman, Chan- 
 cellor, Chancery, chief, 
 Church, (mus.) common 
 metre, Congress, -ional, 
 Conservative, consul, con- 
 tralto, counter-tenor, -s. 
 Court, the third in a series, 
 and all proper names with 
 this initial. 
 
 C*, carbon, centum (a hun- 
 dred), lOO. 
 
 C, cent, -s, centime, chapter, 
 city, conductor, constable, 
 cubic, (cricket) caught, 
 (elec.) current, (naut.) 
 cloudy. 
 
 C, circa^ a'rciter, circum 
 (about). 
 
 O (inverted C), 500. 
 
 C.A., Chartered Account- 
 ant, Chief Accountant, 
 commercial agent. Con- 
 federate Army,. Controller 
 of Accounts. 
 
 Ca (chem.), calcium. 
 
 ca., cases, cathode. 
 
 fa (Fr.), here. 
 
 Caaba*, the most sacred 
 shrine at Mecca, not K-. 
 
 caaing-whale, use 
 
 ca*ing — *. 
 
 cabana*, a cigar, not -na. 
 
 cabbala*, Heb. tradition, 
 not k-, cabala, -alia. 
 
 cabinet cards, 6^2 x ^^Uin. 
 
 cablegram*. 
 
 Cabul, use Kabul. 
 
 ca' canny (Sc), go easily! 
 
 cachemire, use cash- 
 mere*. 
 
 cacbG'poussiere (Fr. m.), 
 dust-coat, dust-cloak. 
 
 cachet*, a packet. 
 
 cachet* (Fr. m.), seal, 
 signet, characteristic. 
 
 cacique*, W. Indian and 
 S. Amer. chief, not caz-. 
 
 cacodemon*,an evilspirit, 
 not -daemon. 
 
 cacoetbesj* (Lat.), an evil 
 habit; — loquendi, an 
 itch for speaking ; — scri- 
 be ndiy ditto for writing. 
 
 cact/us* (bot.), //. -i. 
 
 caddis/*, May- fly larva, not 
 -ice ; ■wrorm*. 
 
 cadeauj* (Fr. m.), a gift ; 
 pi. -X, 
 
 cadi*, Oriental judge, not 
 k-. 
 
 cadit qusestio (Lat.), the 
 question falls. 
 
 cadmium *, symbol Cd*. 
 
 caduce/us*, pi. -i*. 
 
 Cadwaladr, Welsh prince, 
 not -allader. 
 
 CSBc/um*, the blind gut, not 
 ce-; pi. -a*. 
 
 Caedmon, d. 670, poet, not 
 Ce- ; pron. ked'mon. 
 
 Caermarthen, use Car-. 
 
 Caernarvon, use Car-. 
 
 casrulean, use ce- *. 
 
 CaBsar/, -ean*, «o^-ian. 
 
 CaBsarea Philippi. 
 
 caesium*, symbol Cs*. 
 
 caBsura*, division of a 
 metrical line, not ce-. 
 
 caBteris paribus, use 
 ce-, 
 
 cafe* (Fr. m.), coffee-house 
 (6, not ital.). 
 
 caf6\ au lait (Fr.), coffee 
 and milk ; — noir, strong 
 coffee without milk. 
 
 caffe (It.), coffee-house (i). 
 
 CafiEre, use Kafir*. 
 
 caftan *, Turkish, etc., gar- 
 ment, not k-. 
 
 Caher, Co. Limerick. 
 
 cabier* (Fr. m.), a paper 
 book, sheets of MS., exer- 
 cise book. 
 
 Cahir, Tipperary. 
 
 Caiaphas, high priest 
 
 45 
 
CAILLIAUD — CALOTTE 
 
 Cailliaud (F.), 1787-1886, 
 
 Fr. traveller, 
 caiman, use cay-*. 
 Cainan, grandson of Seth 
 
 (see also Canaan). 
 Caine (T. H. Hall), 
 
 1853-, writer, 
 ca'ing- whale*, a porpoise, 
 
 not caa-. 
 cainozoic* (geol.), not 
 
 caeno-, ceno-, kai-. 
 caique*, a boat, not cai-. 
 **Ca ira," That's the thing! 
 
 Fr. song. 
 Cairene, native of Cairo. 
 Cairnes (J. E.), 1823-75, 
 
 economist. 
 Cairns (Earl), 1819-85, 
 
 Lord Chancellor, 
 caisson*, ammunition 
 
 chest, not cassoon ; pron. 
 
 kasoon. 
 Caister - on - Sea, Great 
 
 Yarmouth. 
 Caistor, Lines, Norfolk. 
 Caius College, Camb, 
 
 pron. kez ; abbr, C.C, 
 cajuput* (bot.), not caja-, 
 
 caje-. 
 caky, not -ey. 
 Cal., California (oflBcial 
 
 abbreviation), 
 cal., calendar. 
 cal. (mus.), calando. 
 calabrasella, a card game, 
 calamanco*, a woollen 
 
 stuff, not cali-, calli-. 
 calamary*, the squid. 
 calamus* J a reed, a pen. 
 calando* (mus.), tone and 
 
 rate diminished ; abbr. 
 
 cal. 
 calcareous*, Ko/-ious. 
 calcedony, use chal-*. 
 calcium*, symbol Ca*. 
 calculator*, not -er. 
 ca/ai/er(Fr.typ.),to "cast 
 
 off" MS. 
 calcul/us*, internal con- 
 cretion ; pi. -i*. 
 Caldecott (Randolph), 
 
 1846-86, artist. 
 caldron, use caul-*. 
 calendas, calends, not k-. 
 
 46 
 
 calendar *, an almanac, 
 
 not k- ; abbr. cal. 
 calender *, to make 
 
 smooth. 
 calender* (Pers.,Turk.), a 
 
 dervish, not k-. 
 calends*, the first day of 
 
 the m onth ; the Greek — , 
 
 a time that never comes, 
 
 not k-. 
 calf, abbr. cf. 
 " Caliban upon Sete- 
 
 bos," by R. Browning, 
 calibre*, not -er. 
 Calibum*, King Arthur's 
 
 sword, not cala-, cale-. 
 calico/*, pi. -es. 
 California, official abbr. 
 
 Cal. 
 calig/a, episcopal stocking; 
 
 pi. -80. 
 
 caligraphy, use calli-*. 
 
 calimanco, use cala-*. 
 
 caliper, use calliper*. 
 
 caliph/*, -ate*, not -if, 
 kalif, -iph. 
 
 calippic, use calli-*. 
 
 calisaya*, cinchona bark. 
 
 calisthenics, not call-. 
 
 cal/ix, use -yx.*. 
 
 calk, use caulk*. 
 
 Callander, Perth. 
 
 Callendar (Prof. H. L.), 
 1863-, physicist and 
 stenographer (see also 
 cale-). 
 
 calligraphy*, not cali-. 
 
 Calliope, muse of elo- 
 quence ; pron. ka-ly'6-p6. 
 
 calliper*, not cali-. 
 
 callippic *, not cah-. 
 
 Callirrhoe, wife of Alc- 
 maeon ; pron. kal-i-r5'e. 
 
 callisthenics, use call-. 
 
 Calmann - Ij6vy, pub- 
 lisher, Paris. 
 
 calmia (bot.), use k-*. 
 
 Calmucks, use Kal-. 
 
 calorescence*. 
 
 calori/meter*, heat meas- 
 urer; -motor*, voltaic 
 battery. 
 
 calotte *, skull-cap, not 
 -ote, callot. 
 
CALTROP — CANON 
 
 caltrop* (mil.), iron ball 
 with spikes, not -throp, 
 -trap. 
 
 calumniator*, not -er. 
 
 Calve (Emma), 1866-, 
 Fr. singer. 
 
 Calverleigh, S. Devon. 
 
 Calverley, Leeds, and Tun- 
 bridge Wells ; — (C. S.), 
 1835-84, writer. 
 
 caly/x*, not -'vs.; pi. -ces*. 
 
 Camaeho*s wedding, 
 useless show. 
 
 Camaralzaman, in ** Ara- 
 bian Nights." 
 
 Camb, Cambridge. 
 
 camblet, use camlet*. 
 
 Cambodia, near Siam, not 
 -oja, Kamboja. 
 
 Cambrai, Fr., not -ray. 
 
 cambrai, machine-made 
 lace. 
 
 Cambray stone, moss 
 agate. 
 
 Cambridge/, abbr. Camb. 
 Cantab.; — Univer- 
 sity, C.U. 
 
 Cambridgeshire, abbr. 
 Cambs. 
 
 Camd. Soc, Camden So- 
 ciety. 
 
 camellia*, «o/-elia. 
 
 camelopard*, the giraffe, 
 not -leopard. 
 
 camelot, use camlet "^ 
 
 Camembert, a cheese. 
 
 cameo/*, pi. -s. 
 
 ^amera/*, pi. -s; — ob- 
 scura*, not — oscura. 
 
 Camera Stellata, the Star 
 Chamber. 
 
 Cameroons, Ger. Afr., use 
 Kamerun. 
 
 camlet*, a woollen stuflf, 
 «o/-blet, -elot. 
 
 Camoens (Luis de), 
 1524-80, Port, poet, not 
 CamO-. 
 
 camomile * (bot.), not cha-. 
 
 Campagna di Boma, the 
 plain round Rome. 
 
 campanile/*, a belfry ; pi. 
 
 -8. 
 
 Campbell - Bannerman 
 
 (Sir H.), 1836-1908, 
 statesman (hyphen). 
 
 Campbeltown, Argyl. 
 
 Campeche Bay, City, or 
 State, Mexico,KO/-peachy. 
 
 camp jo (It.), open ground, 
 pi. -i; campo santo (It., 
 Sp.), a cemetery. 
 
 Can., Canada. 
 
 can., canon, canto, cantoris. 
 
 Canaan, son of Ham {see 
 also Cainan). 
 
 Canada, abbr. Can. 
 
 Canada* (Sp.), a gorge. 
 
 canaille * (Fr.f.),the rabble. 
 
 Canaker, use Kanaka *. 
 
 Canaletto (Antonio), 
 1697-1768, It. painter. 
 
 canalize ♦, not -ise. 
 
 Canapitset, Mass.,«o/-ett. 
 
 Canara, Bombay, use K-. 
 
 canardi* (Fr.m.), an absurd 
 story, a duck ; — sali- 
 vate, wild-duck. 
 
 canaster*, a tobacco, not k-. 
 
 cancel* (typ.), deleted 
 matter, a reprint correct- 
 ing error, the signature to 
 be preceded by *. 
 
 cancel/*, -led*, -ler*, 
 -ling*, -ment*. 
 
 Candahar, use K-. 
 
 candelabr/um*, a candle- 
 stand ; pi. -a *. 
 
 « Candide ", by Voltaire. 
 
 Candiote, native of Candia, 
 more usually Cretan. 
 
 Candlemas-Day, 2 Feb. 
 
 canepborjos* (arch.), pi. 
 
 canetOD (Fr. m.), duck- 
 ling. 
 
 Cannabis*, «o/Cana-. 
 
 Cannes, S. Fr.; pron. kan. 
 
 Canning (George), 1770- 
 1827, statesman ; — 
 (C. J., Earl), 1812-62, 
 statesman. 
 
 cannon/*, -ade*; in Fr. 
 m. canonic -nade. 
 
 cannon-bone *,«o/canon-. 
 
 canny* (Sc), knowing, 
 not -ie. 
 
 canon, abbr. can. 
 
 47 
 
CANON — CAPITALIZATION- 
 
 canon* (typ.), Eng. forty- 
 four point type, about 
 three-fifths of an inch 
 deep. 
 
 canon* (Sp.), a gorge ; 
 pron. ka'nyon. 
 
 canonize*, not -ise. 
 
 " Canon's Yeoman's 
 Tale ", by Chaucer. 
 
 Canosa, Abruzzi, S. Italy. 
 
 Canossa, Modena, N. Italy ; 
 to go to — , "to eat 
 humble pie". 
 
 Canova (Antonio), 1757- 
 1822, It. sculptor. 
 
 Canrobert (F. C), 1809- 
 95, Marshal of France. 
 
 canst* (no apos.). 
 
 Cant., Canterbury, Can- 
 ticles. 
 
 can't* (typ.), to be set close 
 up. 
 
 Cantabrigian*, of Cam- 
 bridge, not -dgian. 
 
 Cantabrigiensis, of Cam- 
 bridge University ; abbr. 
 Cantab. 
 
 cantaloup*, a musk-melon, 
 not -eloup, -eleup. 
 
 Canterbury, abbr. Cant. 
 
 canticle*, a hymn; abbr. 
 cant. 
 
 Canticum Canticorum, 
 ** The Song of Songs ". 
 
 cantilever*, a form of 
 bridge, not -alever, -iliver. 
 
 cantinijer*, fem. -hre*, 
 a canteen-keeper. 
 
 Cantire, Argyl, use Kin- 
 tyre. 
 
 canto/*, a song; pi. -s*, 
 abbr. can. 
 
 cantonment*, military 
 quarters ; pron. kan-toon'- 
 ment. 
 
 cantoris, of a precentor ; 
 abbr. can. 
 
 Cantor Lectures (Royal 
 College of Physicians, and 
 Society of Arts). 
 
 Cantuar,, Cantuan'a, Can- 
 tuariensis (of Canterbury). 
 
 Cantuar: signature Abp. 
 of Canterbury (colon). 
 
 Cantuarian, of Canter- 
 bury. 
 Canute, use Cnut. 
 canvas*, coarse linen, 
 canvass*, to solicit votes. 
 caoutchouc*, india-rubber. 
 cap., capital letter, capitu- 
 lutn (a small head, or 
 knob), foolscap. 
 cap., caput (head). 
 cap-k-pie*, from head to 
 foot, not — a — (not ital.). 
 Cape/ (typ.), when with 
 name cap. ; — Breton, 
 Nova Scotia, not Briton, 
 Britton, Britun, abbr. 
 C.B. ; — Haitien, W. 
 Indies, not Hay- ; — 
 of Good Hope, abbr. 
 C.G.H. 
 capercailzie*, not -caillie. 
 Capernaite*, inhabitant 
 
 of Capernaum. 
 Cape Town, S. Africa 
 
 (caps., no hyphen). 
 Cape Verd Islands, not 
 
 — de Verd, — Verde. 
 capibara, use capy-*. 
 capitalize*, «o^-ise. 
 capitalization*. When 
 in doubt use lower case. 
 Initial capitals for : — 
 Abstract qualities 
 personified: OFame! 
 Acts of Parliament 
 
 (titles of). 
 Adjectives derived from 
 proper names, as Ga^ 
 gantuan, Homeric, but 
 not those which by use 
 have become common, 
 as brussels sprouts, 
 morocco leather. 
 Architectural pe- 
 riods : the Renais- 
 sance. 
 Associations,as Charity 
 
 Organisation Society. 
 Bible, and synonyms. 
 Botany, all divisions 
 higher than species, that 
 is, genera, families, 
 orders, classes {see also 
 botany). 
 
CAPITALIZATION 
 
 capitalization {cont). 
 
 Churches, as Wesleyan 
 Church. 
 
 Compass point abbre- 
 viations, N., N. b E., 
 N.N.E., N.E. b N., 
 etc. 
 
 Compound titles, 
 
 as Assistant -Adjutant- 
 General, Chief Justice, 
 Ex-President, Major- 
 General, Vice-Presi- 
 dent. 
 
 Days, as Christmas Day, 
 Lady Day, Monday, 
 New Year's Day. 
 
 Deity (the Christian) 
 synonyms and pro- 
 nouns, as Almighty, 
 Christ, Donitnus, Fa- 
 ther, God, He, Him, 
 Himself, His, Jehovah, 
 Lord, Me, Mine, the 
 Deity, Thee, the Holy 
 Trinity, Thine, Thy, 
 Who, Whom. 
 
 Emphasis — as a means 
 of. 
 
 Festivals, as Easter, 
 Whitsuntide. 
 
 German substantives, 
 but not adjectives de- 
 rived from proper 
 names, or denoting a 
 class ; also personal 
 pronouns of the second 
 person. 
 
 Government (the). 
 
 Historic names and 
 phrases, as the Dark 
 Ages, the Plague, 
 etc. 
 
 House of Lords, 
 Commons, etc. 
 
 Interrogation: the next 
 word following a note 
 of interrogation (?) 
 should generally begin 
 with a capital letter. 
 
 MS., MSS., manuscript, 
 -s (one point only). 
 
 Nicknames, as the Iron 
 Duke, the Admirable 
 Crichton. 
 
 capitalization (cont.). 
 
 O I and Oh I— the inter- 
 jections. 
 
 Palaeontology, all divis- 
 ions higher than species. 
 
 Periods, caps, after all, 
 except abbreviations. 
 
 Poetry, beginning of 
 each line in modern 
 English and French ; 
 not necessarily in Ger- 
 man, Latin, or Greek. 
 
 Political bodies, as 
 Assembly, Senate. 
 
 Postal district abbre- 
 viations, as E.C. 
 
 Proper names, includ- 
 ing English Christian 
 names, surnames, and 
 names of an individual, 
 family, place, locality, 
 and the like, except 
 initial ^ Also verbs 
 formed from them, as to 
 Boycott. 
 
 P.S., postscript (two 
 points). 
 
 Quotations, complete 
 and intended to be em- 
 phatic : " Thou art the 
 man." 
 
 Hank, when individuals 
 are referred to or ad- 
 dressed by their rank, 
 as " the Squire said ", 
 " Good evening, Gen- 
 eral ". 
 
 Religious denomina- 
 tions. Nonconformist. 
 
 Hoads, Gardens, 
 
 Gates, Groves, 
 
 Hills, Parks, 
 
 Squares, Streets, 
 Terraces, etc., when 
 with name. 
 
 Sects, as the Primitive 
 Methodists. 
 
 Sovereign (the), in pro- 
 clamations, all personal 
 pronouns referring to, 
 as Him, His, etc. • 
 
 Speeches, first letter of 
 cited. 
 
 State (the). 
 
 49 i 
 
CAPITALIZATION — CARAWAY 
 
 capitalization (cont). 
 
 Titles, and Sub-titles, 
 ofbookSjthe important 
 words only, as "Com- 
 promise", "I Forbid 
 the Banns". 
 
 Titles of corporations. 
 Board of Trade. 
 
 Titles of courtesy and 
 of honour: H.R.H., 
 T.R.H., President 
 
 Roosevelt, His Grace, 
 Sir John Smith, J. 
 Smith, Esq., Mr. J. 
 Smith, etc. 
 
 Titles of distinction, 
 as F.R.S., LL.D., are 
 usually put in large 
 caps. Even s.caps often 
 improve general effect. 
 
 Titles of periodicals, 
 pictures, plays, etc.: 
 "The Times"; "Chill 
 October"; "Hamlet." 
 
 Titles of poems and 
 songs, vv^hen formed 
 from the first line, to 
 be similarly capitalized, 
 as " I Fear no Foe", 
 " Where the Bee 
 Sucks ". 
 
 Trade Association 
 Titles : Ironfounders 
 Engineers (no apos. 
 used by this Assoc). 
 
 Zoology, all divisions 
 higher than species : 
 genera, families, orders, 
 capital letter, abbr. cap. 
 capitals (large), indicat- 
 ed in MS. by three lines 
 
 underneath the letter ; 
 
 abbr. cap. {See also 
 
 capitalization. ) 
 capitals (small'^ , usually 
 
 ABOUT TWO -THIRDS SIZE 
 OF LARGE CAPS., AS THIS 
 
 TYPE, indicated in MS. 
 by two lines underneath ; 
 may be used (with initials 
 in- large caps.) in printed 
 letters for the address, 
 date, and signature, and 
 for name of newspaper in 
 
 paper itself ; they should 
 not be used for side-head- 
 ings in catalogues, dic- 
 tionaries, and educational 
 works. They are not 
 used in German or Gr. 
 Abbr. s.cap.,/)/. s.caps.; 
 even s.caps, ditto with- 
 out large initials. 
 
 capitulum (Lat), a small 
 head, or knob ; abbr. cap. 
 
 capres (Fr. pi. f.), capers. 
 
 caps, and smalls (typ.), 
 to set in small capitals 
 with the initial letters in 
 large capitals ; abbr. c. 
 and s.c. 
 
 capsize *, not -ise. 
 
 Captain, abbr. Capt. 
 
 caption *<typ.), the heading 
 of a chapter, section, or 
 page (used mostly in 
 America). 
 
 Captivity (the) of the 
 Jews (cap. C). 
 
 capucine*, dark-orange 
 colour. 
 
 caputj* (Lat.), head, abbr. 
 cap, ; — mortuum *, 
 worthless residue. 
 
 capybara*, largest living 
 rodent, not capi-. 
 
 Car., Carolus (Charles). 
 
 car, bog, pool, us€ carr*. 
 
 car., carat. 
 
 carabiniers, not carb-. 
 
 Caracci, family of painters, 
 1 550-161 9, not Carr-. 
 
 Caractacus, fl. a.d. 50, 
 King of Silures. 
 
 carafe*, water-bottle, not 
 -S, -ffe. 
 
 caratnbal (Sp.), wonder- 
 ful ! how strange ! 
 
 carat*, a weight, not 
 caract, carrat, karat ; abbr. 
 K., or car. 
 
 caratcb* (Turk.), tax on 
 Christians, not -ach, -age. 
 
 Caravaggio (M. A. A.), 
 1569-1609, painter. 
 
 caravanserai*, «o/-sary, 
 -sera, -sery. 
 
 cara"way*, not carra-. 
 
 50 
 
CARBINEERS — CARRAT 
 
 carbineers, use cara- 
 biniers. 
 
 carbolize *, not -ise. 
 
 carbon*, symbol C*. 
 
 carbonize*, not -ise. 
 
 carburetted*, not -eted. 
 
 carburettor*, not -er. 
 
 carcass/*, not -ase ; pi. -es. 
 
 carcinom/a*, pi. -ata*. 
 
 card., cardinal. 
 
 cardamom.*, not -on. 
 
 cards (sizes of) : 
 cabinet, e'^/g X 47i6 in. 
 carte de visite, 4^/g x 2^3 
 double large, 6 x 472 
 
 „ small, 4'/4X37g 
 extra thirds, 3^16 x I'/g 
 half large, s^/iexaV^ 
 „ small, 27,6 xi'/^ 
 large, 4V2X3VH 
 quad large, 9 x e'/g 
 
 „ small, 7^8 X 4^'/ie 
 reduced small, s^a x 2^8 
 small, a'/i,x3»/i, 
 thirds, 3^18 x i^a 
 
 carSme (Fr. m.), Lent. 
 
 care of, abbr. c/o. 
 
 Care Sunday* (Sc), fifth 
 in Lent. 
 
 caret*, insertion mark (a). 
 
 car/ex*, sedge; pi. -ices*. 
 
 Carey (Henry), d. 1743, 
 poet and composer ; — 
 (Matthew), 1760-1839, 
 publicist ; — (Rosa W.), 
 writer ; — Lane, E. C, 
 — Road, N. E. ,— Street, 
 W.C. {see also Cary). 
 
 carfax*, the intersection 
 of streets, not -fox. 
 
 cargo/*, pi. -es*. 
 
 Caribbean* Sea, not 
 Carr-. 
 
 Cariboo, Brit. Columbia. 
 
 caribou*, American rein- 
 deer, not -boo. 
 
 Caribou Mountain, 
 Idaho. 
 
 cariole, use carr-*. 
 
 Carisbrooke, LW. 
 
 carita (It. art), representa- 
 tion of maternal love. 
 
 Carleton, Yorks. 
 
 Carlile (Richard), 1790- 
 
 1843, politician; Carlile 
 (Rev. W.), 1847-, head 
 of Church Army (see also 
 Carlisle, Carlyle). 
 
 carling* (naut.), a short 
 beam, not -line. 
 
 Carling Sunday*, fifth 
 in Lent, not -lin. 
 
 Carlisle, Cumberland ; — 
 (Earl of); — (J. G.), 
 1 835-, American states- 
 man (see also Carlile, 
 Carlyle). 
 
 Carlovingian *, not K-. 
 
 Carlovitz, Austria, not 
 Karlowitz. 
 
 Carls/bad, -krona, -ruhe, 
 use J8I-. 
 
 Carlton, Beds, Cambs, 
 Notts, Yorks. 
 
 Carlyle (Thomas), 1795- 
 1881, writer (see also Car- 
 lile, Carlisle). 
 
 Carlylean*,Mo^-eian, -ian. 
 
 Carmagnola, Piedmont. 
 
 " Carmagnole " *, Fr.song 
 and dance. 
 
 Carmarthen, not Caer-. 
 
 Carnarvon, not Caer-. 
 
 Carnatic, India, use K-. 
 
 " Carnaval de Venise," 
 popular air. 
 
 Carnegie (Andrew), 
 1837-* millionaire ; pron. 
 kar-na'g6. 
 
 carnelian, use cor-*, 
 
 carn/ival*, in Fr. m. -aval, 
 in Ger. n. Carneval. 
 
 Carnoustie, Forfar; pron. 
 -oosty. 
 
 carol/*, -er*, -ing*. 
 
 Carolus*, Charles ; abbr. 
 Car. 
 
 Carpathian Mts. ,«s* K-. 
 
 carpe diem (Lat.), enjoy 
 the day. 
 
 carpet/*, -ed, -ing*. 
 
 carpjus*, the wrist ; pi. -/. 
 
 carr*, bog, pool, not car. 
 
 Carracci, use Caracci. 
 
 carrageen*, Irish moss, 
 not — moss, -gheen. 
 
 Carrara marble. 
 
 carrat, use carat*. 
 
 51 i* 
 
CARRAWAY — CASSOON 
 
 carraway, use cara-*. 
 
 carrelet (Fr. cook, m.), 
 flounder. 
 
 Carribbean, use Cari-*. 
 
 Carrigtwohill, Cork (one 
 word). 
 
 Carrington (Earl, not 
 of). 
 
 carriole*, a carriage, not 
 cariole. 
 
 carrot*, in French f. 
 carotte. 
 
 Carrousel (Place du), 
 Paris. 
 
 Carrutherstown, Dum- 
 fries (one word). 
 
 Carsebreck, Scotch curi- 
 ing centre. 
 
 Carse o* Gowrie, Pertli. 
 
 carte* (fencing), «o/quarte. 
 
 carte blanche*, full dis- 
 cretion (not itaL) ; abbr. 
 c.bl. 
 
 carte-de-visite/*, pi. 
 carteB-de-visite*;abbr. 
 c.d.v. ; — cards, 4^1 x 
 2V3 in. 
 
 cartel*, a challenge, «o/ ch-. 
 
 Carter, Paterson & Co., 
 carriers, London. 
 
 cartography*, not ch-. 
 
 cartouche* (arch.), scroll 
 ornament, (archaeol.) en- 
 closing line on ancient 
 Egyptian monuments, not 
 -ch. 
 
 Cartouche (L. D.), 1693- 
 1721, Fr. Dick Turpin. 
 
 carvel-built* (naut.), 
 with smooth planking. 
 
 Cary (H. F.), 1772-1844, 
 translator of Dante ; — 
 (Lucius), Lord Falkland, 
 1610-43; — (Phoebe), 
 1824-71, writer {see also 
 Carey). 
 
 caryatid/*, female figure as 
 a column; pi. -es*. 
 
 caryop/sis*, a fruit ; pi. 
 -sides*. 
 
 C.A.S., Connecticutensis Ac- 
 ademic Socius (Fellow of 
 the Connecticut Academy 
 of Arts and Sciences). 
 
 ** Casa GuidiWindows," 
 
 by Mrs. Browning. 
 
 Casaubon (Isaac), 1559- 
 1614, scholar. 
 
 cascara/* (Sp.), a bark 
 canoe ; — sagrada, a 
 drug. 
 
 casein*, not -ine. 
 
 cases, abbr. ca. 
 
 cash*, Chinese coin, ^/^d. ; 
 Sumatran — , i^/jd. (not 
 ital.). 
 
 cash., cashier. 
 
 Cashmer, India, use K-. 
 
 cashmere*, soft wool 
 fabric, not -meer, cache- 
 mere, -ire {see also cassi- 
 mere). 
 
 Casimir-Perier ( J.P.P.), 
 1847-1907, French Pres. 
 1894-5 (no accent). 
 
 casing, a brown paper, 
 46 X 36 in. 
 
 casino/*, pL -a (not ital.). 
 
 cask/, -s, abbr. ck. 
 
 Caslon tjrpe, an "old- 
 faced" type as cut by 
 W. Caslon, 1692-1766. 
 
 cassareep*, a condiment, 
 not -ireepe. 
 
 Cassation (Cour de) ♦ (f.), 
 highest court of France. 
 
 cassava* (hot.), the man- 
 ioc, not -e, casava. 
 
 Cassegrainian*, a form of 
 telescope (cap.). 
 
 Cassel, Ger., use K-. 
 
 casse paper* (typ.), out- 
 side quires of a ream, not 
 cassie — . 
 
 cassetur billa (law), let 
 the bill be quashed. 
 
 Cassim Baba,in "Arabian 
 Nights." 
 
 cassimere*, twilled wool- 
 len cloth, not casi-, karsi- 
 mer, kerseymere {see also 
 cashmere). 
 
 Cassiopeia (astr.), a con- 
 stellation. 
 
 Cassivellaunus,y7. 50 b.c. , 
 British prince. 
 
 cassoon, an ammunition 
 chest, use caisson*. 
 
 5a 
 
CAST — CATTEQAT 
 
 cast (typ.), a direction that 
 the proof is passed and 
 the plate may be made. 
 
 CasteUammare (2 m's). 
 
 caster*, one who casts {see 
 also -or). 
 
 Castle Gary, Somerset. 
 
 Castlecary, Dumbarton, 
 Londonderry. 
 
 Castlerea, pron. -ray. 
 
 Castlereagh, pron. -ray. 
 
 Castleton, Derby. 
 
 Castletown, I. of Man. 
 
 cast/ off (typ.), to estimate 
 amount of printed matter 
 MS. would make ; — up, 
 to estimate cost of com- 
 position. 
 
 castor*, a beaver or its fur, 
 a wheel for furniture {see 
 also -er). 
 
 Castor and Pollux, stars, 
 also patrons of sailors. 
 
 casus j belli (Lat.), the 
 cause of war; — fcsderis, 
 case stipulated by treaty ; 
 — omissus f case unpro- 
 vided for by statute. 
 
 cat., catalogue, cataplasm, 
 catechism. 
 
 catachthonian*, subter- 
 ranean. 
 
 cataclysmist*, «o^-matist. 
 
 Catalan*, of Catalonia; 
 abbr. Cat. 
 
 Catalan! (Angelica), 
 1 782-1849, singer. 
 
 Cataline, not Cati-. 
 
 catalogu/e*, abbr. cat. ; 
 -ed*, -er*, -ing*, -ize*. 
 
 catalogue raisonnS 
 
 (Fr. m.), an explanatory 
 catalogue. 
 
 catalytic*, «o/k-. 
 
 catamaran*, a raft. 
 
 cataplasm *, abbr. cat. 
 
 catarrhine*, a section of 
 the monkeys, not -arhine. 
 
 Catch (Jack), use Ke-*. 
 
 catch-line* (typ.), a tem- 
 porary head-line on 
 proofs, etc. 
 
 catchpole*, a sheriflF's 
 ofl&cer, not -poll. 
 
 catchup*, a sauce, usually 
 ketchup *, not catsup, 
 katsup, ketsup. 
 
 catchword* (typ.), the 
 heading of each article in 
 a dictionary, etc. (see also 
 headings, index, etc.). 
 
 catechism, abbr. cat. 
 
 catechiz/e*, -er*, -ing*. 
 
 catechu*, an astringent, 
 not cascheu, caschu. 
 
 categorize*, to classify. 
 
 caten/a*, a chain ; pi. -sb. 
 
 catenati, chained books. 
 
 cater/* (campan.), changes 
 on nine bells ; corner- 
 ed*, sheets of paper not 
 
 cut square ; cousin*, 
 
 a good friend. 
 
 Cath., Catherine, Catholic. 
 
 cath., cathedral. 
 
 Catharine/, Kansas, New 
 York, Pennsylvania; — de* 
 Medici, 1519-89, Queen 
 of France, not -erine. 
 
 Cathay, poetical for China, 
 not K-. 
 
 cathedral, when with name 
 cap., as Ely Cathedral ; 
 abbr. cath. 
 
 Catherine, abbr. Cath. 
 
 catttismja, Gr. Ch. Psalter; 
 pi. -ata. 
 
 cathod/e*, abbr. ca. ; -ic, 
 -ograph; notk-. 
 
 Catholic, abbr. C, or 
 Cath. 
 
 catholicize*, not -ise. 
 
 Catholicos*, Patriarch of 
 Armenia, not -kos. 
 
 cation* (elec), electro- 
 positive element, not k- ; 
 pron. kat'i-On. 
 
 cat-o*-nine-tails* (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 cat*s-cradle*, a children's 
 game, «o/cratch-, scratch-. 
 
 Catskill Mountains, 
 New York. 
 
 cat*s paw* (naut.), a light 
 air, not catspaw. 
 
 catsup, see catchup*. 
 
 Cattegat, W. of Sweden ; 
 in Dan. Kattegat. 
 
 53 
 
CATTERMOLE — CCA. 
 
 Cattermole (George), 
 1800-68, painter. 
 
 Cattleya, an orchid genus. 
 
 caubeen*, the Irish hat. 
 
 Cauchy (A. L.), 1789- 
 1857, French mathemati- 
 cian. 
 
 caught (cricket), abbr. c. 
 
 cauldron*, «o/cal-. 
 
 caulk*, to make water- 
 tight, not calk. 
 
 caus., causation, -tive. 
 
 causaj causans* (Lat.), a 
 primary cause ; — cau- 
 sata*j a secondary cause ; 
 — mali, a cause of mis- 
 chief; vera — *, a true 
 cause. 
 
 causati/on, -ve, abbr. 
 caus. 
 
 cause cSlhbre (Fr. f.), 
 famous law case. 
 
 causerie (not ital.). 
 
 causeur (Fr. m.), a con- 
 versationalist, tattler. 
 
 causeuse* (Fr. f.), a small 
 sofa. 
 
 cauterize*, not -ise. 
 
 cautery* (actual), by hot 
 iron ; electric — , by 
 platinum wire ; poten- 
 tial — , by caustics. 
 
 cautionnement (Fr. m.), 
 bail. 
 
 cav., cavalry. 
 
 C.a.v, (law), curia advisare 
 vult (the court desires to 
 consider). 
 
 cava, use k-*. 
 
 Cavagnari(SirIj.), 1841- 
 
 79- 
 Cavalcaselle (G. B.), 
 
 1820-97, It. writer on art. 
 "Cavalleria Rustica- 
 
 na" (Rustic Gallantry), 
 
 opera by Mascagni 1890 ; 
 
 pron. ka-val-a-re'a — . 
 cavalry, abbr. cav. 
 cavass, Turkish police 
 
 officer, use Is.-*. 
 caveat} actor(LB.t.), let the 
 
 doer beware ; — emptor, 
 
 ditto buyer; — viator, 
 
 ditto traveller. 
 
 caveator*, one who enters 
 a caveat. 
 
 cave canem (Lat.), beware 
 of the dog. 
 
 cavel (naut.), a cleat, not 
 -il, kevil. 
 
 cavesson*, a nose-band for 
 horses, not -zon. 
 
 caviare*, not -ar, -arre, 
 -er, -ere (not ital.). 
 
 cavil/*, -led, -ler*, 
 -ling*. 
 
 cavo-rilievjo* (It.), hollow 
 relief;//. — -/. 
 
 Cavour (count C), 
 1810-61, It statesman. 
 
 Cawnpore, India, not 
 -pur. 
 
 Caxton ("William), 1422- 
 91, first English printer; 
 a genuine book of his has 
 no title page, no roman 
 
 ^' or italic type, no commas 
 of ordinary shape, no 
 catchwords. 
 
 Cayenne, or Pr. Guiana. 
 
 Cayley (Arthur), 1821- 
 95, mathematician. 
 
 cayman/*, Amer. alligator, 
 not cai-, kai- ; pi. -B, 
 
 cazique, use cacique*. 
 
 C.B., Cape Breton, Cavalry 
 Brigade, Chief Baron, 
 Common Bench, Com- 
 panion of the Bath, Con- 
 fined to Barracks ; cbL, 
 carte blanche; C.B.S., 
 Confraternity of the 
 Blessed Sacrament. 
 
 C.C., Caius College, Cape 
 Colony, Chess Club, 
 Christ Church, Circuit 
 Court, City Council, -lor, 
 Civil Court, Common 
 
 Councilman, 
 
 Consular 
 
 Clerk, County Clerk, 
 — Commissioner, — Coun- 
 cil, -lor, — court, Cricket 
 Club, Crown Clerk, Curate 
 in Charge, Cycling Club ; 
 CC, 200; C.C, compte 
 courant (account current), 
 cubic centimeter ; cc, 
 ca^Va (chapters); C.C A.. 
 
 54 
 
C.C.C. — CENTUM 
 
 Chief Clerk of the Ad- 
 miralty ; C.C.C., Corpus 
 Christi College; CCC, 
 300; CCCC, or CD, 
 400 ; C.C.C.S., Colonial 
 and Continental Church 
 Society; C.C.P., Code 
 of Civil Procedure, Court 
 of Common Pleas ; 
 C.Cr.P., Code of Crimi- 
 nal Procedure ; C.C.S., 
 Ceylon Civil Service. 
 
 CD, 400; Cd (chem.), 
 cadmium ; C.d., cum 
 dividend (with dividend); 
 C.D.S.O., Companion of 
 the Distinguished Service 
 Order, usually D.S.O. ; 
 c.d. v., carte-de-visite. 
 
 C.E., Canada East, Chief 
 Engineer, Church of 
 England, Civil Engineer. 
 
 Ce (chem.), cerium. 
 
 Cead mile failte ro- 
 mhat (Irish), a hundred 
 thousand welcomes before 
 thee. 
 
 Cecidomyia destructor, 
 the Hessian fly. 
 
 cedar*, a tree. 
 
 ceder*, one who cedes. 
 
 cedilla* c (typ.), the f. 
 
 eel., celebrated. 
 
 celaj est selon (Fr.), that 
 depends on circumstances 
 (use d'est selon) ; — 
 va sans dire, that is a 
 matter of course ; — vien- 
 dra, that will come. 
 
 celebrated, abbf. eel. 
 
 celebrator*, not -er. 
 
 cSlebre (Fr.), famous. 
 
 cSIerJ {Fr. m.), celery. 
 
 celestialize*, ttot -ise. 
 
 celiac, use cceliac*. 
 
 cSIibataire* (Fr. m. or f), 
 a bachelor or spinster. 
 
 cellar*, not -er. 
 
 *celli, see 'cello. 
 
 Cellini (Benvenuto), 
 1500-71, sculptor and en- 
 graver. 
 
 'cellist (mus.), a violoncello 
 plaj'er; pron. ch6l'ist. 
 
 'cell/o*, violoncello; pron. 
 
 chel'o, pi. -i. 
 Cels., Celsius (temperature 
 
 scale same as centigrade). 
 Celt/*, -ic*, -icism*, not 
 
 K- ; abbr. Celt, 
 cembalist*, • orchestral 
 
 piano-player. 
 Cene Thursday*, day be- 
 fore Good Friday, 
 cenogamy, use cce-*. 
 cenozoic, «s^caino-*. 
 censer*, incense vessel, 
 censor*, Roman magis- 
 trate. 
 censor morum (Lat.), a 
 
 regulator of morals, 
 cent., centigrade, central, 
 
 century, 
 cent/, -s, American coin; 
 
 abbr. c, ct., or cts. 
 cental/, -s, abbr. etl. 
 centauromaohy, a battle 
 
 between centaurs, 
 centen/ary*, -nial*. 
 centering*, framing for an 
 
 arch, not -reing {see also 
 
 centre), 
 centigrade* (not cap.); 
 
 abbr. C.*, or cent, 
 centigram, off. spell. Board 
 
 of Trade, not -gramme ; 
 
 abbr. c, or eg. 
 centilitre *, '07 gill, not -er ; 
 
 abbr. cl. 
 centime/, -s, abbr. c, or 
 
 cts. 
 centimetre *, -394 inch, not 
 
 -er; abbr. 5. and pi. 
 
 cm. 
 Centner*, in Ger. iio^i 
 
 lb.; in U.S.A. 100 lb. 
 central, abbr. cent, 
 centralize*, «o^-ise. 
 centr/e*, -ed*, -ing* (s^ 
 
 also centering), 
 centre-notes (typ.), those 
 
 between columns. 
 Centrist*, member of Fr. 
 
 Central party ; or of Ger. 
 
 Ultramontanes. 
 cents, abbr. c, or cts. 
 centum*, a hundred; abbr. 
 
 C, or cent (no point). 
 
 55 
 
CENTXJMVIR — CHADAR 
 
 centum vir/*, Roman com- 
 missioner; pi. -i*. 
 
 century (typ.), spell out 
 in bookwork ; abbr. C, 
 or cent. {See also nine- 
 teenth century.) 
 
 cephalic *,-«o/k-. 
 
 ceramic*, etc, «o/k-; abbr. 
 ceram. 
 
 Cerberus* (Greek myth.). 
 
 cerebell/um*, the hinder 
 brain ; pi. -a. 
 
 cerebr/um*, the brain 
 proper ; pi. -a. 
 
 cere/cloths *, - ments *, 
 grave-clothes; /»ro«. seer-. 
 
 cereous*, waxy. 
 
 cerge, use cie- *. 
 
 ceriph (typ. ), use serif. 
 
 cerise (Fr. f.), cherry. 
 
 cerise*, a colour. 
 
 cerium*, symbol Ce*. 
 
 cern*, to inherit. 
 
 ceme *, to surround. 
 
 cert., certificate, certify. 
 
 certiorari*, a writ (not 
 ital.). 
 
 cerulean*, not cae-, cae-, 
 coe-. 
 
 Cervantes Saavedra 
 (Miguel de), 1547-1616, 
 author of " Don Quixote. " 
 
 Cesarean, use Cae-*. 
 
 Cesarevitch, heir to Rus- 
 sian throne, use Ts-. 
 
 Cesarewitch, horse-race. 
 
 cespititious*, cespi- 
 
 tous*, turfen. 
 
 cesser* (law), the coming 
 to an end. 
 
 c'est/.^-d/re(Fr.),thatis to 
 say ; — k vous a parJer, 
 it is your turn to speak ; 
 
 — k vous de parler, it 
 is your duty to speak ; 
 
 — bien fa, that's just it ; 
 —Ja guerre, it's accord- 
 ing to the customs of war ; 
 
 — le premier pas qui 
 COtJtte, it is the first step 
 that is diflBcult. 
 
 Cestr., signature of Bishop 
 
 of Chester (full point). 
 Cestrian*, of Chester. 
 
 (festjseion (Fr.), that de- 
 pends on circumstances ; 
 
 — tout dire, that's say- 
 ing everything. 
 
 cestui que/ trust* (law), 
 a beneficiary, pi. cestuis 
 
 — — (npi trustent); — 
 
 — vie*, he on whose life 
 land is held, pi. cestuis 
 
 c'est uae autre cliose*, 
 
 that's another matter. 
 cestus *,a girdle,«o/ -os,-on. 
 cesura, use cbb- *. 
 ceteraj desiderantur or 
 
 — desunt (Lat.), the rest 
 are wanting. 
 
 ceteris paribus* (Lat.), 
 other things being equal, 
 not cae-. 
 
 Cetinje, capital of Monte- 
 negro, not Cettin,Cetinge, 
 Cettinje, Zetinje. 
 
 C.E.T.S., Church of Eng- 
 land Temperance Society. 
 
 C.F., Chaplain to the Forces ; 
 cf., calf, co«/%r (compare) ; 
 c.f.i., cost, freight, and 
 insurance. 
 
 C.G.,Captain-General,Cap- 
 tain of the Guard, coast- 
 guardjColdstream Guards, 
 Commissary - General, 
 Consul-General ; eg., cen- 
 tigram ; C.G.H., Cape of 
 Good Hope; C.G.S., cen- 
 timetre - gramme - second 
 system, Commissary-Gen- 
 eral of Subsistence. 
 
 C.H., Captain of the Horse, 
 court - house, custom 
 house ; Ch., China, -ese, 
 Church, and proper names 
 with this beginning, (Lat.) 
 Chirurgix (of surgery); 
 ch., chapter, chief, child, 
 -ren, chirurgeon, (mus.) 
 choir organ. 
 
 cliaconne*, dance.^ 
 
 cbacunsongo6t{a) (Fr.), 
 every one to his taste. 
 
 Chad (Lake), use Tchad. 
 
 chadar (Ind.), use cbud- 
 dar*. 
 
 t^-. 
 
 56 
 
CHAIRMAN — CHAR 
 
 chairman (m. and f.), 
 
 abbr. C, or chn. 
 chaise-longue*, a couch. 
 chal*, a. gipsy ; /em. chai*. ♦ 
 
 chalaz/a* (biol.), />/. -aB*. 
 chalcedony*, a quartz, not 
 
 calce-, chalci- ; pron. kal-. 
 Chald/aic*, -aism* (not 
 
 -aeism), -ean*, -ee*; 
 
 abbr. Chald. 
 chalet*, a Swiss cottage, 
 
 not cha- (notital.). 
 Challemel-Lacour (P. 
 
 A.), 1827-96, French 
 
 statesman. 
 chamb., chamberlain. 
 "Chambers's Encyclo- 
 paedia**, etc. 
 Chambertin*, a Burgundy 
 
 wine. 
 cbambrej h coucber 
 
 (Fr. f.), bedroom, pi. 
 
 cbambres — — ; — 
 
 (Faail, spare bedroom, 
 chameleon*, not chamse-. 
 chamfer*, to bevel, 
 chamois-leather *, not 
 
 shammy- — . 
 chamomile, usg cam-*. 
 Chamonix, dep. Haute- 
 
 Savoie, not -ouni, -ounix, 
 
 -ouny. 
 champagne*, a wine, 
 champaign*, a flat open 
 
 country, 
 champerty*, an illegal 
 
 agreement, not -arty. 
 cbamplgnon* (Fr. m.), a 
 
 mushroom, not -pinion. 
 champlev6, an enamel. 
 Champollion (J. F.), 
 
 1791-1831, Egyptol. 
 Champs Elysees, Paris. 
 Chancellor, abbr. C, or 
 
 Chanc. 
 chance-medley* (law), a 
 
 form of homicide(hyphen). 
 Chancery, abbr. C. 
 change/able*, -ability*, 
 channel/*, -led*, -ling*, 
 chanson/* (Fr. f.), a song; 
 
 -nette*, a little song, 
 chant/ *, singing ; -er *, of 
 
 bagpipes, tiot chau-. 
 
 57 
 
 chantey (naut.), a sailor's 
 song, not -ty. 
 
 Chantilly, dep. Oise. 
 
 Chantrey/ (Sir F.), 1781- 
 1841, sculptor ; — Fund, 
 Royal Academy of Arts, 
 London. 
 
 chap/*, a skin-crack, not 
 chop. 
 
 chap., chaplain, chapter. 
 
 Chapeauj *{Fr.m.), ahat,/>/. 
 -x; cbapeaux has I hats 
 off ! cbapeau rouge, red 
 cap of the Republic. 
 
 chapel* (typ.), an associa- 
 tion of journeymen in a 
 printing office. 
 
 Chapel Hill, Lines and 
 Yorks (two words). 
 
 Chapelhill, Perth (one 
 word). 
 
 cbapelle ardente (Fr. f.), a 
 chapel lighted for a lying 
 in state (no hyphen). 
 
 chapelonians(typ.), mem- 
 bers of a '' chapel." 
 
 Chapel Royal, pi. Chap- 
 els — . 
 
 Chapel Town, Monmouth. 
 
 Chapeltown, Banff, Co. 
 Down, Kerry, Yorks 
 (one word). 
 
 chaperon*, «o^one,-onne. 
 
 chaplain, abbr. chap. 
 
 Chappell (William), 
 1809-88, music publisher, 
 London. 
 
 Chaptal (J. A.), 1756- 
 1832, introduced metric 
 system. 
 
 chapter/, -s, abbr. c, ch., 
 or chap. ; (typ.) first 
 words. caps. With fancy 
 initial, rest of word to 
 be in caps. If first two 
 words a proper name, 
 both to be in s.caps. ; 
 — (cited titles of), to 
 be roman double-quoted. 
 
 chapter-headings (typ.), 
 type a matter of taste ; no 
 general rule can be stated. 
 
 char/*, -red*, -ring*. 
 
 char-^-banc*, an open 
 
CHARACTERIZE — CHEMISTRY 
 
 carriage with transverse 
 seats;/'/.chars-^-bancs. 
 
 characteriz/e*, not -ise ; 
 -able*, -ation*, -er*. 
 
 charbon* (Fr. m.), coal, 
 also anthrax. 
 
 charg6 *, more fully ch arg6 
 d'affaires* (not ital). 
 
 Charity Organisation 
 Society, off.,«o^organiz-; 
 abbr. C.O.S. 
 
 Charlemagne, a.d. 744- 
 814. 
 
 Charles, abbr. C, orChas. 
 
 Charlottenbnrg, Berlin. 
 
 Charlotte Russe* (cook.), 
 a custard. 
 
 Charon* (class, myth.), the 
 ferryman ; pron. ka'ron. 
 
 charpoy* (Ang.-Ind.), bed- 
 stead, not -ai. 
 
 ehartel, use car- *. 
 
 Chartered Accountant, 
 abbr. C.A. 
 
 Charteris,/'ro«. char'ters. 
 
 charter-party* (naut.) 
 (hyphen). 
 
 chartography, use ca-*. 
 
 chart paper, machine- 
 made from best rags. 
 
 Chartreuse* (Fr. f.), a 
 liqueur. 
 
 Chartreux*, a Carthusian 
 monk. 
 
 Chas., Charles. 
 
 Chasles (Michel), 1793- 
 1880, mathematician. 
 
 cbassej* (Fr. f.), a liqueur 
 glassful, hunt; — marie, 
 coasting or fishing vessel. 
 
 cbassS (Fr. m.), a dancing 
 step. 
 
 chSsse (Fr. f.), a shrine. 
 
 Cbasseujr* (Fr.), a hunts- 
 man ; fem. -se. 
 
 chassis*, window sash, a 
 framework as of motor- 
 car (not ital.). 
 
 Chaste Week, one after 
 Quinquagesima Sunday. 
 
 chastis/e*, not -ize ; 
 -ement*, -ing*. 
 
 ch&teau/ * ( Fr. m . ) , a castle ; 
 pi. -X* (not ital.). 
 
 Chateaubriand (P.R. A., 
 
 vicomte de), 1768-1848, 
 
 writer and statesman. 
 •Chateaubriant, dep. 
 
 Loire-Inferieure. 
 Chateaudun, dep.Eure-et- 
 
 Loir. 
 chateaux en Espagne 
 
 (Fr.), ''castles in the air." 
 Chateauguay, Quebec. 
 Ch§,teau-Ijaffitte,a claret 
 
 (hyphen, a/'s, 2 fs). 
 chatelain/*, lord of the 
 
 manor ; fent. -e*. 
 Chaucer (Geoffrey), 
 
 1340-1400. 
 chauffeur, motor - car 
 
 driver, 
 chaunt/, -er, use chant*. 
 chaussee* (Fr. f.), a cause- 
 way, the ground level. 
 chaussures*{FT. f.), boots, 
 
 shoes, etc. 
 Chautauqua, New York 
 
 State, celebrated resort. 
 Ch.B., Baccalaureus Chi- 
 
 rurgiae (Bachelor of 
 
 Surgery). 
 Ch. Ch., Christ Church, 
 
 Oxford, 
 cheek*, to stop (see also 
 
 cheque), 
 checker, use chequer*. 
 Cheddar cheese*, not-er. 
 cheeper *, partridge- or 
 
 grouse-chick. 
 Cheeryble Brothers, in 
 
 <' Nicholas Nickleby." 
 cheetah*, hunting leopard, 
 
 not chet-. 
 cbefj* (Fr. m.), a cook; 
 
 — de cuisine, head cook; 
 
 — d'orcbestre, leader 
 of the orchestra ; — 
 -d'ceuvre*, a master- 
 piece, pi. cbefs — *. 
 
 Cheiroptera*, not Chir-. 
 
 chem/ical*, -ist*, not chy- ; 
 abbr. chem. 
 
 chemin de fer(Fr. m . ) , rail- 
 way ; pi. cbemins . 
 
 chemistry* (typ.), caps, for 
 initial letters of symbols, 
 no point at end, or be- 
 58 
 
CHEMULPO — CHIGNON 
 
 tween symbols of com- 
 pounds. Firil names in 
 reman, not caps., not chy-; 
 abbr. chem. 
 
 Chemulpo, Korea,«o/-pho. 
 
 cheque*, a written order 
 (see also check). 
 
 chequeen*, Ind, gold coin, 
 not -quin. 
 
 cheque paper (typ.), 
 hand-made from best rags. 
 
 chequer*, «o/ checker. 
 
 Cherbourg, d6p. Manche. 
 
 cherchez la femme (Fr.), 
 look for the woman. 
 
 chere amie (Fr. f.), a 
 sweetheart (^). 
 
 chirji (Fr.), fern, -/e, 
 darling {6). 
 
 Chersonese*, a peninsula. 
 
 cherub/*, pi. -s*, -im*. 
 
 cherubim*, the barn owl. 
 
 Cherubini (M. Ii. C. 
 Z. S.), 1760-1842, com- 
 poser; pron. k6-ru-be'n«. 
 
 Cheshire, abbr. Ches. 
 
 che sark sark (It.), what 
 will be, will be. 
 
 Chesil Beach, Dorset. 
 
 chess (masters of) : Albin, 
 Blackburne, Charousek, 
 Janowski, Lasker, Marco, 
 Maroczy, Morphy, Phil- 
 idor, Pillsbury, Popiel, 
 Schlechter, Staunton, 
 Steinitz, Tarrasch, Taub- 
 enhaus, Tchigorin, 
 
 Teichmann, Walbrodt, 
 Winawer, Zukertort. 
 
 "Chesse (The Game and 
 Playe of),*' the second 
 book printed by Caxton. 
 
 chestnut*, not chesnut. 
 
 chetah, use chee-*. 
 
 chetvert, a Russian dry 
 measure, not tzetver, 
 tschetwert. 
 
 chetvertak, Russian silver 
 coin, not tschetwertak, 
 tchetverka. 
 
 cheval* (Fr. m.), a horse, 
 pi. cbevaux ; cbevalj 
 de batallle, a favourite 
 subject ; — de frise* 
 
 (mil.), obstacle to advance, 
 usually in the pi. chevaux 
 de frise ; cheval de re- 
 tour, ticket-of-leave man. 
 
 chevalet*(mus.), the bridge 
 of a stringed instrument. 
 
 Che valier d" Industrie * 
 (Fr. m.), a swindler. 
 
 chevance* (law), usury. 
 
 chevaster*, chin bandage, 
 not -tre, -vestre, -vetre. 
 
 cheville*, violin peg. 
 
 chevrette*, glove leather. 
 
 chevreuil (Fr. m.), roe- 
 buck. 
 
 Chevreul (M. E.), 1786- 
 1889, French chemist. 
 
 Cheyne Walk, Chelsea; 
 pron. cha'n6. 
 
 Chi., Chicago. 
 
 Chianti, It. wine ; pron. 
 ke-ant'6. 
 
 chiaroscuro*, light and 
 shade, not chiaro-oscuro. 
 
 chibouk*, a Turkish pipe, 
 not -que, -buk. 
 
 chic*, "style" (not ital.). 
 
 Chicago, abbr. Chi.; pron. 
 shi-kar'go. 
 
 Chichele, Oxford profes- 
 sorship ;/roM.-6lg,«o/ -eel. 
 
 chick* (Ang.-Ind.), a 
 screen-Wind, not check, 
 cheek. 
 
 chickabiddy*, a term of 
 endearment, not chu-. 
 
 Chickahominy (battles 
 of the). 
 
 chicory*, «o/chiccory. 
 
 chief, abbr. C, or ch. ; 
 Chief/ Accountant, 
 C. A. ; — Baron, C.B. ; 
 — Justice* (caps., no 
 hyphen), abbr. C.J. 
 
 chield* (Sc), a young man. 
 
 chiffon*, dress fabric or 
 ornaments. 
 
 chiffonier*, a sideboard, 
 not -nnier (not ital.). 
 
 chiffoanjier (Fr.), /em. 
 -idre, rag collector (ital.). 
 
 chiffre (Fr. m.), figure, nu- 
 meral, monogram. 
 
 chignon*, a coil of hair. 
 
 59 
 
CHIGOE — CHRIST 
 
 chigoe*, W. Indian para- 
 site, not jigger. 
 
 Chib (China), 14-1 Eng. in., 
 not chee, cheh, chik. 
 
 child/, -ren, -ren's, abbr. 
 ch. 
 
 "Childe Harold's Pil- 
 grimage," by Byron, 
 1811-17. 
 
 Childermas*, 28 Dec. 
 
 childlike* (one word). 
 
 Chile, S. America, not 
 Chili; 6m/ Chilian. 
 
 Chilian-wallah, Punjab, 
 not Chill-, Killianwala. 
 
 chilli/*, red, or Guinea, 
 pepper, not chile, chili, 
 chilly ; pi. -es*. 
 
 chillness*. 
 
 chilogramma (It.), kilo- 
 gram. 
 
 Chimborazo, Ecuador. 
 
 chimer*, a bishop's gar- 
 ment, «o/-ere. 
 
 chimera*, a creation of 
 the imagination, not 
 -sera ; pron. kl-me'ra. 
 
 Chin/a, -ese, abbr. Chin. 
 
 chincapin*, dwarf chest- 
 nut, not -kapin, -quapin. 
 
 Chinchas, ancient Peru- 
 vians. 
 
 chinchona, wsaicin-*. 
 
 cbin6 (Fr.), coloured in 
 Chinese fashion. 
 
 Chinese/, abbr. Ch., or 
 Chin. ; — Classics, the 
 sacred books. 
 
 Cbing (China), 121 sq. ft. 
 
 cb^ingiChmsL), 72,600 sq. ft. 
 
 chip/*, -ped*, -ping*. 
 
 chipmuck*, a N.American 
 squirrel, not -munk. 
 
 chiromancy*, wo/cheiro-- 
 
 Chiron, the centaur, not 
 Cheir-. 
 
 chiropodist*, not -ped- ; 
 pron. kl-. 
 
 Chiroptera, use Cheir-*. 
 
 chirosophy*, palmistry, 
 not cheir-. 
 
 chirrup/*, -ed, -ing*. 
 
 cbirurgiss (Lat.), of 
 surgery ; abbr. Ch. 
 
 chit*, chitty* (Ang.-Ind.), 
 a letter. 
 
 Chittagong, Bengal. 
 
 chlorine*, symbol CI*. 
 
 chloroformize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 chlorophyll* (bot.), not 
 -il, -yl. 
 
 Ch.M., Chirurgix Magister 
 (Master of Surgery). 
 
 chn., chairman. 
 
 chock-full*, «o/ choke-. 
 
 Chocta"W, N. American 
 Indians, not Chacatos, 
 Chactaws, Chakta. 
 
 choir*, part of a church, or 
 singers, not quire. 
 
 choke-full, use chock- *. 
 
 cholera morbus, cholera 
 disease. 
 
 Cholmeley, Cholmonde- 
 ley, Chomley, all pron. 
 chum'le. 
 
 Cholmondeley (Mar- 
 quess of) ; — (Mary), 
 writer ; — -Pennell 
 (H.), 1837-, writer. 
 
 chop, see chap. 
 
 Chopra (F. F.), 1810-49, 
 Polish composer. 
 
 «* Chops of the Chan- 
 nel***, west entrance to 
 English Channel. 
 
 chorus/*, pi. -es*; -ed*. 
 
 chose* (law), a thing. 
 
 Chose (Monsieur) (Fr.), 
 Mr. So-and-so. 
 
 cbota-bazri (Ang.-Ind.), 
 early breakfast. 
 
 Chota Nagpore, Ben- 
 gal. 
 
 cbouj (Fr. cook, m.), cab- 
 bage, puflF (pastry), a 
 
 dress rosette ; fleur, 
 
 cauliflower (hyphen), pi. 
 cboux-fleurs ; cboux 
 de Bruxelles, brussels 
 sprouts; chou marin, 
 seakale. 
 
 Chr. Coll. Cam., Christ's 
 College, Cambridge. 
 
 Christ Church, abbr. Ch. 
 Ch. 
 
 Christ -cross -row*, the 
 alphabet, not criss . 
 
 60 
 
CHKISTE — CINERARIA 
 
 Christe eleison, "Christ, 
 
 have mercy." 
 Christian/*, -ity* (cap.). 
 Christianize*, Mo/-ise. 
 Christie, Manson, & 
 
 "Woods, auctioneers, 
 
 London. 
 Christmas Day (caps.); 
 
 Old ,6 January. 
 
 Christ's College, Cam- 
 bridge ; abbr. Chr. Coll. 
 
 Cam. 
 chromatosphere * (astr. ) , 
 
 saw^as chromosphere*, 
 chromium*, symbol Cr*. 
 chromolithography * 
 
 (one word). 
 chron., chronology, -ical, 
 
 -ly. 
 Chronicles,abbr. i Chron. , 
 
 or a Chron. 
 chronologize*, to arrange 
 
 chronologically, not -ise. 
 chronopher*, apparatus 
 
 for electric time-signals, 
 chrysal (archery), a defect 
 
 in a bow. 
 chrysal/is *,/>/. -ides*. 
 Chi^saor, son of Nep- 
 tune. 
 Chryaeis, dau. of Chryses. 
 chrysoprase*, «o/ -phrase. 
 Chrysos, patron of art. 
 Chrysostom (St. John), 
 
 A.D. 347-407. 
 
 chthonian*, subterranean; 
 pron. tho'ni-an. 
 
 chthononosology*, geo- 
 graphy of diseases. 
 
 chuddar* (Ang.-Ind.), 
 female over-garment, not 
 the many variations. 
 
 Chur, Ger. and oflf. Swiss 
 for Coire. 
 
 Church (typ.), initial cap. 
 when referring to a body 
 of people, as the Wesleyan 
 Church ; lower-case for 
 building ; abbr. C, orCh. 
 
 church/-scot*, church tri- 
 bute ; — -text* (typ.), 
 
 sUnbtt anb tall form -of 
 hlvLtk kttzt. 
 
 churchwarden* (one 
 word). 
 
 chute *, slide, etc. ; pron. sh-. 
 
 chutney*, not -nee, -ny. 
 
 chymist, use che-*. 
 
 C.I., Channel Isles, (Order 
 of the) Crown of India. 
 
 Cibber (CoUey), 167 1- 
 1757, Poet Laureate. 
 
 cicad/a*, the tree cricket ; 
 pi. -SB, 
 
 cical/a* (It.), the grass- 
 hopper ; pi. -e *. 
 
 cicatri/x*, />/. -ces*. 
 
 cicatrize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 Cicero, 106-43 b.c. ; abbr. 
 Cic. 
 
 ciceron/e*, a guide,/*/, -i*; 
 pron. chich-er-o'n6. 
 
 Cicestr., signature Bishop 
 of Chichester (full point). 
 
 C.I.D., Criminal Investiga- 
 tion Department. 
 
 Cid Campeador, 1040-99, 
 Spanish warrior. 
 
 cider*, not cy-. 
 
 ci-devant*, formerly (not 
 ital.). 
 
 C.I.E., Companion of (the 
 Order of) the Indian 
 Empire. 
 
 C/e (Fr.), compagnte (com- 
 pany) (no point). 
 
 cierge*, large caudle, not 
 cer-, ser-. 
 
 c.i.f.. 
 
 cost, 
 
 insurance. 
 
 6z 
 
 and freight, 
 cigala, use cicada* or 
 
 cicala*. 
 Ci'git (Fr.), here lies, 
 cili/um*, a hair-like ap- 
 pendage ; pi. -a*. 
 Cimabue (G.), 1 240-1300, 
 
 It. painter; pron. cheem- 
 
 a-boo'a. 
 cim/eter, -itar, -iter, use 
 
 scimitar*, 
 cim/ex*, bed-bug; pi. 
 
 -ices *. 
 Cimmerian*, intense 
 
 darkness (cap.), 
 cinchona* (bot), not chin-. 
 cinematograph, use k-. 
 cineraria/* (bot.), pi. -s*. 
 
CUSTERARIUM — CLAM JAMPHRIE 
 
 cinerarium*, a place for 
 cremation residue. 
 
 Cingalese*, Ceylon native ; 
 pi. same, not Singhalese. 
 
 cingiil/um*, a girdle or 
 zone ; pi. -a. 
 
 Cinquecento*, Renais- 
 sance period from 1501. 
 
 cipher*, not cy-. 
 
 cipollino, veined white 
 and green Italian marble. 
 
 Cipriani (Giambat- 
 tista), R.A., 1737-85, 
 painter. 
 
 circ, a prehistoric stone 
 circle. 
 
 circ, circiter^circutn (about). 
 
 C/rca* (Lat.),about ; abbr.C. 
 
 Circean*,of Circe, «o/-8ean. 
 
 circiter{Lsit. ), about ; abbr. 
 C, or circ. 
 
 circle, sign O ; arc of 
 circle, r^. 
 
 Circuit Court, abbr. C.C. 
 
 circuit edges (binding), 
 covers turned over to 
 protect the leaves. 
 
 circulariz/e*, to issue cir- 
 culars, «o/-ise; -ing*. 
 
 circam (Lat.), about; abbr. 
 c, or circ. 
 
 circumcise*, not -ize. 
 
 circumflex* (typ.), the 
 accent, a, e, 1, 6, it. 
 
 circumflexion,*«o/-flect-. 
 
 circumstance: meresitua- 
 tion is expressed by "in 
 the circumstances ", ac- 
 tion affected is performed 
 "under the circumstan- 
 ces" (O.E.D.). 
 
 Cirencester,/>nj«. ciz'i-ter. 
 
 cirque*, a circus (not ital.). 
 
 cirrhosis*, a liver disease. 
 
 cirrus*, a curl-like tuft, a 
 cloud, not -rhus. 
 
 Cisalpine*, on the Roman 
 side of the Alps (cap., 
 one word). 
 
 ciseauj (Fr. m.), chisel ; 
 pi. 'Xf scissors. 
 
 ciseljeur (Fr. m.), a metal- 
 chaser ; -ure (f.), art of 
 chasing. 
 
 Cis-leithan/* (adj.), -ia 
 (noun), Austria-Hungary. 
 
 cist (archaeol.), but cyst* 
 (biol.). 
 
 cit., citation, cited, citizen. 
 
 citations, see authori- 
 ties, also quotations. 
 
 cities/ (typ.), names of, 
 not to be abbreviated if 
 avoidable ; — of Refuge : 
 east of Jordan, Bezer, 
 Ramoth, Golan ; west of 
 Jordan, Hebron, She- 
 chem, Kedesh. 
 
 citizen, abbr. cit. 
 
 Cito (Lat.), quickly. 
 
 ciioyen] (Fr.), fern. -nCt 
 citizen. 
 
 citrinous*, lemon-col- 
 oured. 
 
 Cittadinjo (It.), a citizen, 
 pi. -/; fern, -a, pi. -e. 
 
 city, abbr.C.; City Editor, 
 the supervisor of financial 
 matters (see also cities). 
 
 ciudad (Sp.), city, not cui-. 
 
 C.I.V., City Imperial 
 Volunteers. 
 
 civ., civil, -ian. 
 
 civics*, the science of 
 citizenship. • 
 
 Civil/ Court, abbr. C.C. ; 
 — Engineer, abbr. C.E. 
 
 civiliz/e*, not -ise; -able*. 
 
 Civil/ Servants, — Ser- 
 vice (caps.), abbr. C.S. 
 
 C.J., Chief Justice. 
 
 ck., cask, -s. 
 
 C.Xj., Commander (of the 
 Order) of Leopold. 
 
 CI, chlorine. 
 
 cl., centilitre, class, clause, 
 clergyman, cloth. 
 
 ClackTTi annan, Scotland 
 (three «'s). 
 
 Clairaut (A. C), 1713-65, 
 Fr. math., not -ault. 
 
 claire-cole, use clear- *. 
 
 clairvoyant/*, fem. -e* 
 (not ital.). 
 
 clam/*, -miness*, -my*. 
 
 clamjamphrie*(Sc.), rub- 
 bish, also a mob, not the 
 many variations. 
 
 62 
 
CLANG — CLICHis 
 
 clang*, quality of musical 
 sound; in Ger. Klang, 
 
 clangor*, not -our, 
 
 Clanricarde (Marquess, 
 not of). 
 
 clans/man*, pi -men. 
 
 ClaparMe (J. L. B. A. 
 E.), 1832-70, naturalist. 
 
 claptrap* (one word). 
 
 claquer*, hired applauder ; 
 in Fr. m. claqueur*. 
 
 clar. (mus.), clarinet. 
 
 clarabella* (mus.), an or- 
 gan stop, not clari-. 
 
 Clarenceux*, the second 
 King-of-Arms, not -cieux. 
 
 clarendon type, thick- 
 faced, as this; indicated 
 in MS. by a waved line 
 underneath ; abbr. clar. 
 
 Claretie (Jules), 1840-, 
 writer. 
 
 clarinet/ *, -tist *, not 
 -ionet ; abbr. clar. 
 
 ** Clarissa HarloTve," by 
 Richardson. 
 
 Clark/ (Alvan), optician ; 
 
 — (Sir Andrew), 1826- 
 93, physician J — lecture, 
 Cambridge. 
 
 Clarke (Mrs. Cowden), 
 1809-98, Shak. scholar ; 
 
 — (Sir Edward), 1841-, 
 K.C. ; — (Sir G. Syden- 
 ham), 1848-, writer {see 
 also Clerke). 
 
 class, abbr. cl. 
 
 class., classic, -al, classifi- 
 cation. 
 
 classes (bot., zool.), (typ.) 
 to have caps. 
 
 class I is*, a presbytery; pi. 
 -es. 
 
 clat*, noisy talk, a tattler. 
 
 Claude Lorraine, 1600- 
 82, Fr. painter, not ain. 
 
 clause so-and-so (typ.), to 
 have cap. C ; of para- 
 graphs thus, (i), (2), (3) ; 
 abbr. cl. 
 
 clavjis*, a key; pi. -es. 
 
 eld., cleared (goods or 
 shipping), coloured. 
 
 clean (typ.), said of proofs 
 
 or revises with few errors, 
 
 or pulled after matter has 
 
 been corrected, 
 clear-cole*, a coating of 
 
 size, not claire-. 
 clear days, time to be 
 
 reckoned exclusive of the 
 
 first and last. 
 cleared(goods or shipping), 
 
 abbr. eld. 
 clearstory, use clere- *. 
 Cleator Moor, town in 
 
 Cumberland. 
 clef (mus.), § bass, 
 
 tenor, 
 
 treble. 
 
 cleistogamous *, not k-. 
 Clemenceau (E.), 1841-, 
 
 Fr. politician, not Cle-. 
 Clemens (S. L.), 1835-, 
 
 pen-name " Mark Twain.'' 
 clench* (to) the fist or 
 
 fingers, grasp firmly, fix, 
 
 settle {see also clinch), 
 clenge* (Sc), to clean ; 
 
 (Sc. law) to acquit, 
 clepsydra/*, a time meas- 
 urer, not k- ; pi. -s*. 
 cleptomania, use'k-*. 
 clerestory*, a special 
 
 upper row of windows, 
 
 not clear-, 
 clergy/man, -men, abbr. 
 
 cl., or clerg. 
 clericalize*, «o/-ise. 
 clerk, abbr. elk. 
 Clerke (Agnes M.), 1842- 
 
 1907, astr. 
 Clerk-Maxwell( James) , 
 
 1831-79, physicist, should 
 
 be J. C. Maxw^ell. 
 Clerk/ of Parliaments 
 
 (caps.); — of the Peace, 
 
 abbr. C.P.; — of the 
 
 Privy Council, abbr. 
 
 C.P.C. 
 clevis*, a link or swivel, 
 
 not clives, clivies. 
 clew*, of a sail, but to 
 
 follow a clue*. 
 clich/6* (typ.), a stereo or 
 
 electro block (not ital.); 
 
 -eur, stereo-maker. 
 
 63 
 
CLICKER — C/O 
 
 clicker* (tjrp.), a foreman 
 compositor, or maker-up. 
 
 Clicquot (Veuve), a brand 
 of champagne. 
 
 clientele*, clients collect- 
 ively (no accent, not ital.). 
 
 clinch* (to), a nail, to make 
 fast a rope in a special 
 way, to make firm and 
 sure — as an argument {see 
 also clench). 
 
 clinic*, «o/ clinique. 
 
 ** Clinker (Humphry »», 
 not -ey), by Smollett. 
 
 clinometer *, not k-. 
 
 cliqu/e*, -ism*, -y*, not 
 -eism, -ey (not ital.), 
 
 clish-ma-claver* (Sc), 
 gossip. 
 
 Clitheroe, Lanes. 
 
 clitor/is* (anat.), pi. -ides. 
 
 elk., clerk. 
 
 Cloaca Maxima, sewer of 
 ancient Rome (caps.). 
 
 cloak*, not cloke. 
 
 cloche* (hort.), bell-glass. 
 
 clocher*, a belfry (not ital.). 
 
 Cloch Point, Clyde, «o/-k. 
 
 clod/*, -ded*, -ding. 
 
 Clodd (Edward), 1840-, 
 writer. 
 
 cloff*, an allowance on 
 commodities, not clough. 
 
 cloisonn6*, enamel (not 
 ital.). 
 
 cloke, use cloak*. 
 
 close (typ.), the second 
 member of any pair, as 
 " ] ) ; proyt. clOz. 
 
 close up (typ.), to push 
 together, to remove spac- 
 ing-out leads ; close 
 matter, unleaded, or 
 thinly spaced. 
 
 closure *, in Fr.f. cidture*. 
 
 Clos Vougeot, a Burgundy 
 wine. 
 
 clot-bur* (bot.), burdock, 
 «o^clote-, cloth-. 
 
 cloth/, abbr. cl. ; — of 
 Bruges, gold brocade. 
 
 clotted cream, not clouted 
 cream. 
 
 Cidture* (Fr. f.), closure. 
 
 64 
 
 clouds, kinds of: (i) cirrus, 
 (2) cirro-cumulus, (3) cir- 
 ro-stratus, (4) alto-cumu- 
 lus, (5) alto-stratus, (6) 
 strato-cumulus, (7) cumu- 
 lus, (8) cumulo-nimbus, 
 (9) nimbus, (10) stratus. 
 
 cloudy (naut.), abbr. c. 
 
 clough, use cloff*. 
 
 clouted cream, use clot- 
 ted —. 
 
 clove-hitch*, a knot (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 C.L.P.A., Common Law 
 Procedure Act. 
 
 C.Ij.Il., Central London 
 Railway. 
 
 clubbable*, not clubable. 
 
 clue* (to follow a), but 
 clew* of a sail. 
 
 Clim/iac*, -ist*, of Cluny. 
 
 Cluny, France, not -i. 
 
 Clwyd, river, N. Wales. 
 
 Clydebank, Dumbarton, 
 a town. 
 
 clypeiform*, shield-like. 
 
 Clytemnestra, wife of 
 Agamemnon, not Clytae-. 
 
 CM., Certificated Master 
 or Mistress, Chirurgix 
 Magister (Master of Surg- 
 ery), Church Missionary, 
 (mus.) common metre, 
 Corresponding Member; 
 cm., causa mortis (by 
 reason of death) ; cm., 
 centimetre ; C.M.D. 
 
 (mus.), common metre 
 double ; cmdg., com- 
 manding ; C.M.G., Com- 
 panion of (the Order of) 
 St. Michael and St. 
 George ; eml., commer- 
 cial ; C.M.S., Church 
 Missionary Society; 
 
 C.M.Z.S., Corresponding 
 Member of the Zoological 
 Society. 
 
 Cnut, not Canute, Knut. 
 
 CO., Colonial Office, Com- 
 manding Officer, Criminal 
 Office, Crown Office; Co, 
 cobalt ; Co., Colon, Com- 
 pany, county; c/o, care of. 
 
CO AD. — COGNITUM 
 
 coacL, coadjutor, 
 coagul/um *, a clot ; /»/. -a *. 
 coak*, a dowel, also "bush" 
 
 of a sheave. 
 Coalbrookdale, Salop, 
 coal-field* (hyphen). 
 coalmouse* (ornith.), the 
 
 coal titmouse, not cole-. 
 coal-pit* (hyphen). 
 coarticulate*, to articulate 
 
 together (no hyphen). 
 coast-guard* (hyphen) ; 
 
 abbr. C.G. 
 cob*, Spanish dollar. 
 cobalt*, symbol Co*. 
 Cobb (Thomas), 1854- , 
 
 writer ; — (W. F.), 1857-, 
 
 writer. 
 Cobbe (Frances Power), 
 
 1822-1904, writer. 
 cobb paper, that used for 
 
 the sides of books. 
 coble*, boat, «o/ cobble. 
 .Coblenz, not -tz, K-. 
 cobra de capello*, the 
 
 snake, not da, di. 
 Coburg, Iowa ; Saxe , 
 
 not -ourg, -urgh. 
 cocaine*, not -ain. 
 cocco* (bot.), Jamaica plant 
 
 tuber, not cocoa, coco. 
 Cocculus indicus* (bot.). 
 Cochin-China (hyphen). 
 cochle/a*, the ear passage ; 
 
 pi. -se. 
 cocbon de lait (Fr. m.), 
 
 sucking pig. 
 Cockaigne*, London, not 
 
 Cocagne, Cockayne, 
 cockatiel*, Australian 
 
 cockatoo, not -teel. 
 cockatoo/*, pi. -s. 
 cockee* (curhng), the 
 
 "tee." 
 Cocker (Edward), 1631- 
 
 75, wrote "Arithmetic." 
 cockie-leekie, use cocky- 
 leeky*. 
 Cockney (cap.). 
 cockscomb*, a plant; 
 
 cox- *, a fop. 
 cockswain, use cox-*, 
 cock-up* (typ.), a superior 
 
 letter ornumber, as r in M'. 
 
 cocky-leeky* (Sc), hotch- 
 potch, a soup, not cockie- 
 leekie, cock-a-leeky. 
 
 Codes (Horatius), pron, 
 kSk'les. 
 
 cocoa-bay*, a W. Indian 
 disease. 
 
 coco-nut*, not cocoa-, 
 coker-, koker-. 
 
 Cocos Isles, B. of Bengal. 
 
 COCOtte (Fr. f.), a prosti- 
 tute. 
 
 cocqcigrues, see coque-, 
 
 Cocytus, a river in Hades. 
 
 C.O.D., cash, or collect, 
 on delivery. 
 
 cod., codex. 
 
 coddle*, not codle. 
 
 Code Wapoleon (Fr. m.), 
 civil code promulgated 
 1804-10. 
 
 cod/ex*, ancient MS., abbr. 
 cod. ; pi. -ices*, abbr. 
 codd. 
 
 cod-fish* (hyphen). 
 
 codling*, a fish, also apple, 
 not -in. 
 
 codon, the bell-shaped 
 mouth of trumpets, etc. 
 
 co-education*, education 
 of the two sexes to^ 
 gether. 
 
 coefficient* (one word). 
 
 ** Coelebs in Search of a 
 "Wife," by Hannah More. 
 
 Coelenterata*, a zool. sub- 
 kingdom (not ital.). 
 
 coeliac*, abdominal, noice-. 
 
 ccenogamy, community of 
 wives, not ce-. 
 
 coerulean, use ce-*. 
 
 coetaneous*, of the same 
 age, not coae-. 
 
 coeternal (one word). 
 
 coeval* (one word). 
 
 coexist* (one word). 
 
 coextensive * (one word). 
 
 coffer-dam*, a watertight 
 enclosure. 
 
 cognate, abbr. cog. 
 
 COgaati (law), relations by 
 mother's side. 
 
 cogaitjutn, any object of 
 cognition ; pi. -a, 
 65 5 
 
COGNIZE — COLONIAL 
 
 cogniz/e* «o/-ise ; -able*, 
 -ance*, -ant*. 
 
 cognosce ntje* (It.), a con- 
 noisseur ; pron. ko-nyo- 
 shen'ta, pi. -i. 
 
 cognovit actionem * (law) , 
 an acknowledgment. 
 
 coheir/*, -ess* (one word). 
 
 Cohnheim (J. F.), 1839- 
 84, German pathologist. 
 
 oohow*, Bermudian shear- 
 water, not cahow, cohoo. 
 
 coiffjeur* (Fr. m.), hair- 
 dresser; -ure* (f.), head- 
 dress. 
 
 coignye, use coynye*. 
 
 Coire,Grisons, Switz. ; Ger. 
 and offic. Swiss, Chur. 
 
 coits, use quoits *. 
 
 Col., Colonel,Columbia Dis- 
 trict (U.S.A.), Colossians. 
 
 col., colonial, column. 
 
 colander*, a strainer, not 
 colla-, cuile-. 
 
 colcannon*, an Irish dish, 
 not cale-, cole-. 
 
 colchyte* (Egypt, antiq.), 
 a ritual reader, not chol-. 
 
 Col.-Corp., Colour-Cor- 
 poral. 
 
 Coldstream/, Berwick, a 
 town ; — Quards.Mo/ The 
 Coldstreams, abbr. C.G. 
 
 cole-pixy, use colt-pixie*. 
 
 Colerain, N. Carolina. 
 
 Coleraine, Londonderry. 
 
 Coleridge (Sara, not -ah), 
 1802-52, writer. 
 
 cole-slaw* (U.S.A.), a 
 salad. 
 
 colic/*, -ky*. 
 
 coliform*, sieve-like. 
 
 Colin/Clout, pastoral name 
 in " Faerie Queene " ; — 
 Tampon, nickname of a 
 Swiss {see also Cblyn). 
 
 Coliseum, London {see also 
 Coloss-*). 
 
 coll., colleague, collection, 
 collector, college. 
 
 collaborate ur* (Fr. m.) 
 (ital.). 
 
 collaborator* (not ital.). 
 
 coUaj parte or — voce 
 
 (mus.), adapt to principal 
 part or voice ; abbr. coi, 
 p., or col. VO. 
 
 collapsible*, not -able. 
 
 collat., collateral, -I3'. 
 
 coUat/e* (typ.), to put the 
 sheets of a book in right 
 sequence, to compare 
 critically ; -or*, not -er. 
 
 colleague, abbr. coll. 
 
 collect., collectively. 
 
 collectable*, not -ible. 
 
 collectanea*, collected 
 notes. 
 
 colleot/ion,-or,abbr. coll. 
 
 Collections, an Oxford 
 examination. 
 
 colleen* (Ang.-Irish), a girl. 
 
 college, abbr. coll. 
 
 College de France (m.). 
 
 College of Justice*, Sc. 
 supreme courts. 
 
 COllegijunif an ecclesias- 
 tical body uncontrolled by 
 the State ; pi. -a. 
 
 collie*, a dog, not -y. 
 
 Collinge axle, not Collins. 
 
 coUodionize*, not -ise. 
 
 coUop*, a piece of meat. 
 
 colloq., colloquial, -ly, -ism. 
 
 colloquijum*, talk ; pi. -a. 
 
 collotype*, a gelatine-pro- 
 cess plate. 
 
 Colo., off. abbr. Colorado. 
 
 colombelle (Fr. typ. f.), a 
 column-rule. 
 
 Colombia (Republic of), 
 S. Amer. {see also Cdbx-). 
 
 colombier paper, use 
 colum- *. 
 
 Colombo, cap. of Ceylon, 
 not Colu-. 
 
 Colon, Cent. Amer. ; abbr. 
 Co. {see also Columbus). 
 
 colon, in Fr. m. deux 
 points y in Ger. m. Dop- 
 pelpunkt, or (n.) Kolon 
 {see punctuation, VI). 
 
 Colonel/, abbr. Col. ; — 
 Bogie (golf), the imagin- 
 ary player. 
 
 colonial, abbr. col. 
 
 Colonial OflBlce, abbr. 
 CO. 
 
 66 
 
COLONIZE — COMMANDER 
 
 coloniz/e*, «o/-ise ; -able*, 
 
 -ation*. 
 colophon* (typ.), the im- 
 print of a book. 
 Colorado, off. abbr. Colo, 
 coloration*, not colour-. 
 Colosseum*, Rome {see 
 
 also Colis-). 
 Colossians, abbr. Col. 
 Colossus* of Rhodes. 
 Colour (trooping of the), 
 
 not colours. 
 Colour-Corporal, abbr. 
 
 Col. -Corp. 
 coloured, abbr. eld. 
 colourist*, not colorist. 
 Colour - Serjeant, not 
 
 -geant; abbr. Col.-Seij. 
 col. p. (mus.), colla parte 
 
 ^ adapt to principal part). 
 Colquhounj/Tow.ko-hoon'. 
 Colston's Day, Bristol, 
 
 13 Nov. 
 colter, use cou- *. 
 colt-pixie *, a mischievous 
 
 fairy, not cole-pixy, 
 columbari/um *, a dove- 
 cot, place for cremation 
 
 urns ; pi -a*. 
 Columbia District, 
 
 U.S.A., abbr. Col. {see also 
 
 Colo-), 
 columbier *, a draw^ing 
 
 paper, 34^/2 X 23^0 in- 7 «o/ 
 
 Colombia, -ier. 
 columbium*, symbol Cb*, 
 
 now called niobium *. 
 Columbus (Christo- 
 pher), 1436-1506; inSp. 
 
 Cristoval Colon, 
 column, abbr. col. 
 columnja* (anatO, pi. -«*. 
 colure (astr.), each of tv^^o 
 
 great circles. 
 Colvile (Sir H. E.), 
 
 1852-1907, Maj.-Gen. 
 Colville (Lieut. -Col. A. 
 
 E.W.), Rifle Brigade ; — 
 
 (Sir W. J.), 1827- ; — 
 
 of Culross (Viscount). 
 col, VO, (mus.), colla voce 
 
 (adapt to principal voice). 
 "Col3m Cloute," by John 
 
 Skelton {see also Colin). 
 
 Com., Commander. 
 
 com., comedy, comic, com- 
 mission, -er, committee, 
 common, -er, -ly, com- 
 mune, -ity, communicate, 
 -ed, -tion. 
 
 com/a* (astr., bot., med.), 
 pi. -89. 
 
 comb., combine, -ed, -ing. 
 
 combat/*, -ed*, -ing*, 
 -ive *. 
 
 Combermere (Viscount) . 
 
 combin/e, -ed, -ing, abbr. 
 comb. 
 
 Comdt., Commandant. 
 
 come-at-able *, accessible. 
 
 Comidie francalse, 
 
 official name of Le 
 ThSStrefran^als (I.e. /). 
 
 com6dienl* (Fr.), actor; 
 fern. -ne*. 
 
 comedy, abbr. com. 
 
 comendador (Sp.), a 
 knight commander. 
 
 cornel prima (It. mus.), as 
 at first; — sopra, as 
 above, abbr. CO, sa, 
 
 comfiture *, not con-. 
 
 comfrey* (bot.), not cu-. 
 
 comic, abbr. com. 
 
 Com.-in-Chf., Comman- 
 der-in-Chief. 
 
 comitatus*, a retinue, a 
 county or shire ; pi. same. 
 
 Comltia]*, a meeting of the 
 Senate of Dublin Univer- 
 sity ; — j^stivalia, ditto 
 in summer ; — Hiemalia, 
 ditto in winter ; — Ver- 
 nalla, ditto in spring. 
 
 comm., commentary, com- 
 merce, commonwealth. 
 
 comma/*, pi. -s* (see 
 punctuation, VII, 
 
 scratch comma). 
 
 Commandant* (accent on 
 first syll.) ; abbr. Comdt. 
 
 commandeer*, to seize 
 for military service. 
 
 Commander/, abbr. Com . ; 
 
 in-Chief (hyphens), 
 
 abbr. Com.-in-Chf. ; — 
 of the Faithful, the Sul- 
 tan of Ottoman Empire. 
 67 6* 
 
COMMANDING — COMPARISON 
 
 commanding, abbr. 
 
 cmdg. ; Commanding 
 Ofiacer, abbr. CO. 
 
 commanditaire* (Fr. m.), 
 a sleeping partner. 
 
 commandite* (Fr. f.), 
 limited liability. 
 
 com.mando/* (S. Afr.), a 
 party for military pur- 
 poses ; pi. -s. 
 
 comme ci, comme fa 
 (Fr.), indifferently, so-so. 
 
 comme il faut (Fr.), as it 
 should be. 
 
 commendam*, ecclesias- 
 tical benefice. 
 
 comment ary.abbr. comm . 
 
 commenter*, not -or. 
 
 commerce, abbr. comm. 
 
 commercial/, abbr. cml. ; 
 
 — A (typ.), @ = at; — 
 a gent, abbr. C.A. ; — en- 
 velopes, 5V2 X 3^4 in.; — 
 letter, folded writing- 
 paper, iixS'/a in- > — 
 note, ditto, 8x5 in. ; — 
 stroke (typ.), as in 5/-. 
 
 commisj (Fr. m.), a clerk ; 
 
 — voyageur, commercial 
 traveller. 
 
 Commissary - General 
 
 (hyphen) ; abbr. C.G. 
 commission/, -er, abbr. 
 
 com. 
 commissio/naire* (not 
 
 ital) ; in Fr. m. -nnaire. 
 commit/*, -table* {not 
 
 -ible),-ted*, -ting*, 
 committee* meets, not 
 
 meet ; abbr. com. 
 committ/er*, one who 
 
 commits ; -or* (law), a 
 
 judge. 
 common/, -er, -ly, abbr. 
 
 com. 
 Common Bench, abbr. 
 
 C.B. 
 common metre/ (mus.), 
 
 abbr. C, or C.M. ; 
 
 double, C.M.D. 
 commonplace ♦ (adj.) 
 
 (one word). 
 Common / Pleas, abbr. 
 
 C.P.- — Prayer, C.P. 
 
 common -sense* (adj.) 
 (hj'phen). 
 
 common sense*, adj. 
 with noun (no h3'-phen). 
 
 Common Serjeant*, not 
 -geant ; abbr. C.S., or 
 Com.-Seij. 
 
 Common Version, abbr. 
 C.V., or Com. Ver. 
 
 commonwealth (not 
 cap.); abbr. comm. 
 
 commorient* (law), dying 
 together, as by shipwreck. 
 
 communaliz/e*, -ation*. 
 
 commune, abbr. com. 
 
 commune bonum (Lat.), 
 a benefit to all. 
 
 communibus annis 
 
 (Lat.), in average years. 
 
 communicat/e, -ion, -ed, 
 abbr. com. 
 
 communi consensu 
 
 (Lat.), by common con- 
 sent. 
 
 communique (Fr. m.), an 
 official report. 
 
 community, abbr. com. 
 
 communize*, to make 
 common. 
 
 comp,, comparative, com- 
 parison, compile, -ed, -er, 
 -ation, composer, -ition, 
 -itor, compound, -ed. 
 
 compactor*, one who 
 compacts, not -er. 
 
 COmpagnie (Fr. f.), com- 
 pany ; abbr. Cie (no 
 point). 
 
 compagnon (Fr. typ. m.), 
 a journeyman. 
 
 Companion of the 
 Bath*, abbr. C.B. 
 
 company, abbr. Co. {see 
 also compagnie). 
 
 comparati ve,abbr. comp . 
 
 comparator*, an appara- 
 tus for comparing. 
 
 compare one thing with 
 another (to note agree- 
 ment or difference) ;— o ne 
 thing to another (which 
 it is believed to resemble) ; 
 abbr. cf. {confer), or cp. 
 
 comparison, abbr. comp. 
 
 68 
 
COMPASS — CONCOURS 
 
 compass*(typ.), the points, 
 when printed in full, to 
 be hyphened without 
 caps., as north-by-east, 
 north-north-east, north- 
 east-by-north. Abbrevia- 
 tions to be caps, with 
 full point after each letter, 
 except b, as N., N. b E., 
 N.N.E., N.E. bN., N.E. 
 
 competit/or*,>w. -ress*. 
 
 Compi^gne, dep. Oise. 
 
 compil/e, -ed, -er, -ation, 
 abbr. comp. 
 
 complacent*, self-satis- 
 fied. 
 
 complainant, abbr. 
 
 complt. 
 
 complaisant*, obliging. 
 
 « Compleat Angler," by 
 Izaak Walton, 1653. 
 
 complement*, to make 
 complete, a completion. 
 
 cotnpJetorijam*, complin; 
 pl. -a. 
 
 completory*, complin. 
 
 complexion*, not -ction. 
 
 compliment*, flattery. 
 
 complin*(R.C.C.), not-ne. 
 
 complt., complainant. 
 
 ** Complutensian Poly- 
 glot***, the earliest 
 complete polyglot Bible. 
 
 compo*, composition (no 
 point). 
 
 compos/er, -ition, -itor, 
 abbr. comp. 
 
 compositeur (Fr. m.), 
 composer, compositor. 
 
 compos mentis* (Lat.) 
 in one's right mind. 
 
 compote* (Fr. f.), fruit 
 stew. 
 
 compound/, -ed, abbr. 
 comp. 
 
 compound ranks or 
 titles, each word to have 
 cap., as Assistant-Adju- 
 tant-General, Vice-Presi- 
 dent. 
 
 comprecation*, joint 
 supplications. 
 
 compris/e*, not -ize; -ed*, 
 -ing*. 
 
 69 
 
 compromise*, not -ize. 
 
 comptej (Fr. m.), an ac- 
 count ; — rendu, official 
 report, p/. comptes ren- 
 dus. 
 
 "Comptes Rendus," of 
 Fr. Academy (caps.). 
 
 comptoir* (Fr. m.), com- 
 mercial agency, also shop 
 counter. 
 
 comptroller*, "erroneous 
 spelling of controller *." 
 
 Comptroller General * 
 of Patent Oflace (caps., 
 two words). 
 
 Com.-Serj., Common Ser- 
 jeant, not -geant. 
 
 Comt/e (Auguste), 1798- 
 1857, philosopher; -ian*, 
 -ism*, -ist*. 
 
 comte* (Fr.), Count ; /em. 
 comtesse {not cap.). 
 
 Com. Ver., Common 
 Version (of the Bible). 
 
 Con., Consul. 
 
 con/*, to direct a ship's 
 course, to examine, not 
 -nn, -un ; -ning *. 
 
 con., conclusion, conver- 
 sation. 
 
 con,, conjux (consort), contra 
 (against, in opposition 
 to). 
 
 con amore* (It.), with 
 affection. 
 
 concensus, use conse- *. 
 
 Concepcion, name of many 
 S. Amer. places. 
 
 Concert], -melster, -stuck 
 (Ger. mus.), now Kon- 
 zertl (cap.). 
 
 concerto, abbr. etc. 
 
 concesslonnaire* (Fr. m.). 
 
 conch/*, a shell ; pl. -s. 
 
 conch., conchology. 
 
 concierg/e* (Fr. m. or f.), 
 -erie* (f., no accent). 
 
 conclusion, abbr. con. 
 
 concombre (Fr. m.), cu- 
 cumber. 
 
 concordat*, an agreement 
 (not ital.). 
 
 concours (Fr. m.), a com- 
 petition. 
 
CONCRETER — CONSERVATOIRE 
 
 concreter*, sugar evapora- 
 tor, not -or. 
 
 concur/*, -red, -ring*. 
 
 conde* (Sp.), a count, not 
 -dee. 
 
 Cond6 ("The Great"), 
 1621-86. 
 
 condottierje* (It.), a cap- 
 tain of mercenaries ; pi. 
 -I*. 
 
 conductor, not -er ; abbr. 
 c. 
 
 cones*, fine white flour. 
 
 con espressione (mus.), 
 with expression, not ex- ; 
 abbr. con esp. 
 
 coney, use cony*. 
 
 conf., conference. 
 
 Confederate Army, abbr. 
 C.A. 
 
 confer (Lat.), compare ; 
 abbr. cf. 
 
 conference, abbr. conf. 
 
 confirence (Fr. f.), lec- 
 ture. 
 
 conferrable*, not -erable. 
 
 Conferv/a* (bot.), pi. -se*. 
 
 ** Confessio Amantis," 
 by Gower, 1393. 
 
 confett/i(It.), bits of colour- 
 ed paper, etc.; -o, a sweet- 
 meat (not ital.). 
 
 confidant/'' 
 
 a trusted 
 
 friend, fern, -e ; in Fr. 
 confidently fem. -e. 
 
 confiture, use com-*. 
 
 confiture (Fr. f.), jam. 
 
 conformator*, apparatus 
 for taking conformation. 
 
 confrere (Fr. m.) (accent, 
 not ital.). 
 
 Confucius, 551-478 B.C. 
 
 COng., congregation, -al, 
 -alist,-ist, congress, -ional. 
 
 congij (Fr. m.), leave; — 
 d*accorder, leave to 
 agree; — d'aller, ditto 
 depart ; — d*appel, ditto 
 appeal; — d* elite*, ditto 
 elect, not — de lire. 
 
 congou*, a black tea, not 
 -o, kongo. 
 
 con gregation /, - al, - alist, 
 -ist, abbr. cong. 
 
 Congregationalism, re- 
 presentative in U.S.A. 
 "The American Board 
 of Commissioners for 
 Foreign Missions." 
 
 congregationalize*, not 
 -ise. 
 
 Congress*, U.S. A, the 
 legislative body (cap.) ; 
 spell out number, as fifty- 
 fourth, not 54th. 
 
 congress/, -ional, abbr. 
 C, or cong. 
 
 congru/ism*, -ist*(theol.). 
 
 Coniston, Yorks, Lanes. 
 
 Conistone, Shipton, Yorks. 
 
 conjugation, abbr. cocj. 
 
 conjunct/ion, -ive, abbr. 
 conj. 
 
 coDJunction(astr.), sign (5. 
 
 conjunctiv/a* of the eye ; 
 pi. -8B (not ital.). 
 
 conjurer*, a juggler. 
 
 conjuror, one bound by 
 oath. 
 
 Conn., Connecticut. 
 
 Conna, Cork. 
 
 Connah's Quay, Flint. 
 
 connaturalize*, not -ise 
 (no hyphen). 
 
 connecter*, not -or. 
 
 Connecticut, off. abbr. 
 Conn.; pron. ko-net'i-kut. 
 
 connexion*, not -ection. 
 
 connivence*, not -ance. 
 
 connoisseur* (not ital.). 
 
 conoscente, use cogno-*. 
 
 conquistadorj* (Sp.), a 
 conqueror ; pi. -es, 
 
 Conrad, not K-. 
 
 cons., consonant, constable, 
 constitution, -al. 
 
 Conscience (Hendrik), 
 1812-83, Fl. writer. 
 
 conscience' sake, etc. 
 
 consenescence*, general 
 decay. 
 
 consensus*, not -census. 
 
 Conservat/ive, abbr. C. 
 
 conservatize*, not -ise. 
 
 conservatjoire* (Fr. m.); 
 'Orio (It., Port., Sp.) ; 
 Konservatorium (Ger. 
 n., cap.). 
 
 70 
 
CONSOIi. — CONTRALTO 
 
 consol., consolidated. 
 Consolidated Funds*, 
 
 abbr. Consols. 
 consommSj* (Fr. m.), 
 
 broth ;— de tete de veau, 
 
 mock-turtle soup. 
 consonant, abbr. cons, 
 consonantize*, to make 
 
 consonantal, 
 conspectus* (Lat.), a gen- 
 eral view (not ital.). 
 constable, abbr. c, or 
 
 cons. 
 Constans, mythical King 
 
 of Britain. 
 Constant (Benjamin), 
 
 184 1- 1902, Fr. painter. 
 Constantino/pie, in Turk. 
 
 Stambul; -politan*. 
 Constitution of a country 
 
 (cap. C). 
 constitution/, -al, abbr. 
 
 cons. 
 <3onstitutionalize*, not 
 
 -ise. 
 construction, abbr. 
 
 constr. 
 constru/e, -ed, abbr. 
 
 constr. 
 " Consuelo,'* by George 
 
 Sand, 1842. 
 Consul, abbr. C, or Con. ; 
 
 Lat. pi. consulss, abbr. 
 
 coss. 
 Consular Clerk, abbr. 
 
 C.C. 
 Consul- General, abbr. 
 
 C.G. 
 consumah (Ang.-Ind.), 
 
 indoor servant, use khan- 
 
 sama *. 
 consummatum es^(Lat.), 
 
 it is finished, 
 cont., containing, contents, 
 
 continent, continue, -ed. 
 contadinjo*, It. peasant, 
 
 pi. -/*; /em. -a*, pi. 
 
 -e*. 
 contagllum* (Lat.), con- 
 tagion ; pi. -a*. 
 containing, abbr. cont. 
 contakijon* (Gr. Ch.), a 
 
 service book ; pi. -a. 
 contango* (Stock Ex- 
 
 change), charge for carry- 
 ing over. 
 
 cont, bon, mor., conira 
 bonos mores (contrary to 
 good manners). 
 
 contemporize*, not -ise. 
 
 contents, abbr. cont.; — 
 (tables of) (typ.), set in 
 lower-case of text type 
 but one size smaller, not 
 to be in s.caps. Not 
 to have comma after last 
 word. To be run out with 
 leaders. 
 
 conterminous*, tiot cot-. 
 
 "Contes Drolatiques,*' 
 1832-7, by Balzac. 
 
 Continent/ (the) (cap.) ; 
 — of Europe, etc. (not 
 cap.) ; abbr. cont. 
 
 continu/e, -ed, abbr. cont. 
 
 contlnujum*, a continuous 
 quantity ; pi. -a*. 
 
 coat-line* (naut.), spiral 
 space between rope 
 strands. 
 
 contr., contract, -ed, -ion, 
 -s, contrary. 
 
 contra* (Lat.), against; 
 abbr. COn. 
 
 contrabandista* (Sp.), a 
 smuggler. 
 
 contra bonos mores 
 (Lat.), contrary to good 
 manners ; abbr, COnt. 
 bon. mor. 
 
 contract/, -ed, -ion, -s, 
 abbr. contr. 
 
 contracting-out (hy- 
 
 phen). 
 
 contractions, see abbre- 
 viations. 
 
 contractor*, not -er. • 
 
 contracts for Govern- 
 ment (typ.), copy to be 
 strictly followed. 
 
 contrafagotto*, bass bas- 
 soon (one word). 
 
 contrainte par corps 
 (Fr. law), arrest for debt. 
 
 contra jus gentium (Lat.), 
 against the law of nations. 
 
 contr alt/o* (mus.), pi. 
 -OS*, It./>/. -i*; abbr.C. 
 
 71 
 
CONTRA — COQUET 
 
 contra] mundum (Lat.), 
 
 against the world ; — 
 
 pacem (law), against the 
 
 peace. 
 contraria contrariis cu- 
 
 rantur (Lat.), opposites 
 
 are cured by opposites. 
 contrariwise *. 
 contrary, abbr. contr. 
 contra t[ alea toire (Fr. law), 
 
 conditional contract ; — de 
 
 vente, contract of sale ; 
 
 — synallagmatique, 
 
 reciprocal contract. 
 "Contrat Social (Le),'* 
 
 by J. -J. Rousseau, 1762. 
 contravjollnjo* (It. mus.), 
 
 the double-bass ; pi. -I. 
 contre-dance, use coun- 
 try-dance*, 
 contretemps* (not ital.). 
 contributor*, not -er. 
 control/*, -led*, -ling*. 
 controls {Fr.), hall-marked, 
 
 registered. 
 controller*, not comp-. 
 Controller- General*, but 
 
 Comptroller General* 
 
 of Patent Office. 
 Controller of Accounts, 
 
 abbr. C.A. 
 convent/, -ion , abbr. conv. 
 conventionalize *,«o/.ise. 
 conversation (ty p.), every 
 
 new speech to begin new 
 
 par. ; abbr. COn. 
 conversazione/*, pi. -s*' 
 
 (not ital.). 
 converter*, not -or. 
 conveyer*, not -or. 
 convictor*, a messmate, 
 convolvulus/*, pi. -es*. 
 cony/*, a rabbit, not coney, 
 
 pi. conies* ; garth*, 
 
 a rabbit-warren. 
 CoochBehar,«5^Kuch— . 
 cooee*, a bush call, not 
 
 -ey, -hee, -ie. 
 cookie* (Sc. and U.S.A.), 
 
 a small cake, not -ey, -y. 
 coolie* (Ind., Ch.), native 
 
 hired labourer, not -y. 
 Coomassie, W. Afr,, use 
 
 Kumassi. 
 
 Cooninxloo (Q. van), 
 1544-1600, Fl. painter. 
 
 Cooper (Fenimore, one 
 «), 1787-1851, writer. 
 
 co-operate* (hyphen). 
 
 Coopers Hill Engineer- 
 ing College (no apos- 
 trophe or hyphen). 
 
 co-ordinate* (hyphen). 
 
 Cop., Copernican. 
 
 cot., copper. 
 
 coparcenary* (law), joint 
 heirship, .«o/ -ery. 
 
 copeck* (Russ.), about a 
 farthing, not -ec, kopeck. 
 
 Copenhagen, in Dan. Kj0- 
 benhavn. 
 
 Copernican, abbr. Cop. 
 
 " Cophetua and Penelo- 
 phon" (the beggar 
 maid). 
 
 copia verborum* (Lat.), 
 a full vocabulary. 
 
 Copp6e(Fran9ois), 1842-, 
 Fr. poet 
 
 copper, abbr. cop.; symbol 
 Cu* {cuprum). 
 
 copperas*, protosulphate 
 of iron. 
 
 copperize*, to impregnate 
 with copper, not -ise. 
 
 coproli/th *, -te *, not k-. 
 
 Copt., Coptic. 
 
 copul/a* (gram.), pi. -8B. 
 
 copy* (typ.), matter to be 
 reproduced in type (see 
 manuscript). 
 
 copy-book* (hyphen). 
 
 copy paper, a writing- 
 paper, 20 X 16 in. 
 
 coqj (Fr. m.), cock; — de 
 bruyere, black game. 
 
 cogue (Fr. f.), egg-shell. 
 
 coquecigrues (to the 
 coming of the), the 
 golden period when all 
 mysteries will be cleared 
 up; i.e. never; «o/cocqci-, 
 
 Coquelin (B. C), 184 1- 
 1909 ; — (E. A. H.), 1848- 
 1909 ; — (Jean), 1865-, 
 actors. 
 
 coquet/*, y^w. -te*, a flirt; 
 -ry*, -ting*, -tish*. 
 
 7a 
 
COQUILLE — CORRECTION 
 
 COquiUe (Fr. typ. f.), a 
 wrong letter in a proof, 
 (paper) post. 
 
 Cor., Corinthians, Cornelia, 
 Cornelius, Coroner. 
 
 cor., corpus, correction, 
 -ive, correlative, (mus.) 
 cornet, horn. 
 
 corah* (Ind.), a silk. 
 
 coram]* (Lat.), in presence 
 of; — Judice* (law), be- 
 fore a judge; — nobis*, 
 before us; — paribus*, 
 before one's equals ; — 
 populo *, before the 
 people. 
 
 Cor an, use "Koran*. 
 
 cor anglais*, tenor oboe. 
 
 Corday (Charlotte), 1 768- 
 93, Fr. revolutionist. 
 
 Cordillera/ * (Sp.), a 
 mountain chain ; pi. -s. 
 
 cordite*, an explosive. 
 
 Cordoba, offic. Sp. for 
 Cordova. 
 
 cord wain*, Sp. leather. 
 
 Corea/, -n, use K-. 
 
 co-respondent*, the man 
 charged with adultery in 
 a divorce case (hyphen). 
 
 corf*, a basket;/*/, corves*. 
 
 Corfe Castle, Dorset, a 
 village (two words, caps.). 
 
 Corflambo, the giant in 
 '' Faerie Queene." 
 
 Corinthians, abbr. i Cor., 
 2 Cor. 
 
 Corliss engine. 
 
 Corn, Cornwall (no point). 
 
 Com., Cornish. 
 
 corn-crake*, the landrail 
 (hyphen). 
 
 corne/a*, theeyeball cover- 
 ing ; pi. -SB. 
 
 Comeille (Pierre), 1606- 
 84, Fr. dramatist. 
 
 Cornel/ia,-ius, abbr. Cor. 
 
 cornelian*, red quartz, not 
 carnelian, -ion. 
 
 cornet (mus.), abbr. cor. 
 
 cornfield* (one word). 
 
 Corniche (La), coast road 
 from Nice to Genoa ; in 
 It La Cornice. 
 
 Cornish/, abbr. Com. ; — 
 gilliflower*, an apple. 
 
 Corn Laws (caps.). 
 
 cornjo* (It. mus.), a horn, 
 pi. -/* ; corno inglese*, 
 tenor oboe. 
 
 cornuj* (anat.), hornlike 
 process ; pi. -a*. 
 
 Cornubia*, Cornwall. 
 
 cornucopia/*, pi. -s. 
 
 Cornwall, abbr. Corn (no 
 point) ; in Fr. f. Cor- 
 nouaillss. 
 
 coroll., corollary. 
 
 corolla/* (hot.), pi. -s*. 
 
 Coroner, abbr. Cor. 
 
 coronis*, Greek mark of 
 contraction '. 
 
 Corot (J. B. C), 1796- 
 1875, Fr. painter. 
 
 Corporal, abbr. Corp. 
 
 corporealize*, to mate- 
 rialize, not -ise. 
 
 corposant*, St. Elmo's 
 fire, not cour-. 
 
 corps*, sing, and pi. 
 
 corps! d*arm6e*, army 
 corps ; — de ballet*, com- 
 pany of ballet-dancers ; 
 
 — ds bataiile*, central 
 part of an army ; — de 
 batiment, or — de 
 logis, the main building ; 
 
 — des lettres (typ.), 
 the body of the type ; 
 
 — diplomatique *, 
 diplomatic circle ; — 
 dramatique, dramatic 
 body; — legislatif, re- 
 presentative assembly ; — 
 volant*, flying corps. 
 
 corp/us*, the body ; pi. 
 
 -ora*, abbr. cor. 
 Corpus Christi Col- 
 lege, abbr. C.C.C. 
 corpjus viljef worthless 
 
 substance ; pi. -ora 'la. 
 corr., correspond, -ence, 
 
 -ent, -ing, corrupt, -ed, 
 
 -tion. 
 correcteur (Fr. typ. m.), 
 
 corrector of the press. 
 correct/ion, -ive, abbr. 
 
 cor. 
 
 73 
 
CORRECTION — COTE 
 
 correction of proofs, 
 see proof correction 
 marks. 
 
 Correctur (Ger. typ. f.), 
 corrected proof, now 
 Korrektur. 
 
 Correggio (A. A.), 1494- 
 1534, It. painter. 
 
 corregidor* (Sp.),a magis- 
 trate. 
 
 correlate* (one word, 2 r's). 
 
 correlative, abbr. cor. 
 
 correspond/, -ence, -ent, 
 in Fr. -re, -ance, -ant, 
 fern, 'ante; -ing, abbr. 
 corr. 
 
 correspondence (news- 
 paper) (typ.), TO THE 
 EDITOR OF THE TIMES, CtC, 
 SIR, and SIGNATURE to 
 
 be caps, and s.caps. {see 
 also letters [printed]). 
 
 Corresponding Mem- 
 ber, abbr. CM., orCorr. 
 Mem. 
 
 Corrdze, Fr. department. 
 
 Corrievrechan, tide-race 
 oflf Argyllshire, not -kin, 
 Cor3rvreckan. 
 
 corrigend/um*, pi. -a*. 
 
 Corr. Mem., Correspond- 
 ing Member. 
 
 corroboree*, Austral, ab- 
 original dance, not -bery, 
 -borie, -bory. 
 
 corrupt/, -ed, -ion, abbr. 
 corr. 
 
 corrupter*, not -or. 
 
 corselet (Fr. dress, m.), a 
 kind of external corset. 
 
 Corsica, abbr. Cors. ; in 
 Fr. f. Corse. 
 
 corslet*, not -elet. 
 
 Corstorphine, near Edin- 
 burgh. 
 
 cort., cortex. 
 
 cortdge* (accent, not ital.). 
 
 Cortes*, the two legisla- 
 tive houses of Spain, also 
 Portugal ; pron. kor'tez. 
 
 Cortes (Hernando), 1485- 
 1547, conquerorofMexico. 
 
 cort/ex*, bark ; pi. -ices*, 
 abbr. cort. 
 
 Corunna, in Sp. Conina. 
 
 COrvSe* (Fr. f.), feudal 
 forced labour, drudgery. 
 
 corvette*, a small frigate. 
 
 corybant/*, a Phrygian 
 priest; /»/. -es* (not ital.). 
 
 Corycian nymphs, the 
 Muses, 
 
 COiyphaslus*, a chorus 
 leader, not -eus ; pi. -/. 
 
 coryphee* (Fr. m.), chief 
 ballet-dancer. 
 
 Coryvreckan, use Cor- 
 rievrechan. 
 
 C.O.S., Charity Organisa- 
 tion Society. 
 
 cos (math.), cosine (no 
 point). 
 
 CO. sa. (mus.), come sopra 
 (as above). 
 
 cosec (math.), cosecant. 
 
 cosey, use cosy*. 
 
 cosh/ar, -er (Jew.), use 
 kosher*. 
 
 coshering*, rack-rent. 
 
 COShery* (Jr.), feasting. 
 
 "Cosi fan tutti," opera 
 by Mozart. 
 
 cosine* (no hyphen), abbr. 
 cos (no point). 
 
 cosmography, abbr. cos- 
 mog. 
 
 cosmopolitanize *. 
 
 COSS., consules (consuls). 
 
 Coster (Laurens Jans- 
 zoons), according to the 
 Dutch, invented printing 
 about 1440. 
 
 costum/er*, a dealer in 
 costumes ; in Fr. -ier. 
 
 cosy*, not -sey, -zey, -zy. 
 
 cotangent* (no hyphen), 
 abbr. cot (no point). 
 
 cote (Fr. f.), market quota- 
 tion, figure, mark, share. 
 
 cote (Fr. f.), hill, shore. 
 
 cdt6 (Fr. m.), a side. 
 
 C6te-d'Or, dep. France. 
 
 cdtelette* {Fr. f.), a cutlet. 
 
 coterie*, a " set " of persons 
 (not ital.). 
 
 coterminous, use cont-*. 
 
 C6te-rdtie (Fr. f.), a red 
 wine. 
 
 74 
 
COTES— COURONNE 
 
 cotes de bceuf (Fr. f.), ribs 
 
 of beef. 
 Cdtes-du-Nord, dep. Fr. 
 cotillion*, a dance ; in 
 
 Fr. m. cotillon. 
 Cotswold.Glos, Mo/Cotes-. 
 cottar*, peasant, not -er. 
 •• Cottar's Saturday- 
 Night,** by Burns, 1786. 
 cotter*, pin, wedge, etc. 
 Cottian Alps, Savoy and 
 
 Piedmont, 
 cotton, in Fr. m. coton. 
 Cottonian Library, in 
 
 British Museum. 
 cottonize*, to make cotton- 
 like, not -ise. 
 COUd6(astr.), telescope bent 
 
 at an angle, 
 couldn't (typ.), to be set 
 
 close up. 
 couldst (no apos.). 
 COUle (mus.), a slur. 
 coulSe*f a lava-flow, a 
 
 ravine. 
 COuleurj* (Fr. f.), colour ; 
 
 — de rose*, roseate 
 
 (figurative). 
 couloir*, a gully. 
 Coulomb (C. A. de), 
 
 1 736-1 806, physicist, 
 coulter*, a plough blade, 
 
 not C0I-. 
 council/*, assembly; -lor*, 
 
 member of a council, 
 counsel/*, advice,barrister; 
 
 -led*, -ling*; -lor*, one 
 
 who counsels. 
 Count, abbr. Ct. 
 counterbalance* (one 
 
 word). 
 counter-carte* (fencing), 
 
 not -quarte (hyphen). 
 counter-cheer *, — 
 
 -claim* (hyphens). 
 counter-clockwise*, con- 
 trary to a clock hand's 
 
 motion, 
 counter-tenor, abbr. C. 
 Counties palatine*, 
 
 Cheshire and Lanes (cap. 
 
 C only). 
 countrif/y*, -ied*, not 
 
 country-. 
 
 country-dance*, Ko^con- 
 tre-dance, contra-danse. 
 
 country-side* (hyphen). 
 
 county, abbr. Co. ; (typ.) 
 abbrs. of name as Hants, 
 Yorks, Salop, etc., to have 
 no point at end. 
 
 County Council/, -lor, 
 abbr. C.C. 
 
 County court* (one cap.); 
 abbr. C.C. 
 
 coup* (Fr. m.), a stroke. 
 
 coupl d'aile (Fr. m.), 
 flap (of the wings), a 
 flight of imagination; — 
 d'arcbet (mus.) , a stroke 
 of the bow ; — de 
 chapeau, salute with 
 the hat; — d'Sclat*, 
 a sensational stroke ; — 
 d'essai*, first attempt; 
 
 — d*itat*, sudden 
 stroke of State policy ; 
 
 — de fbuet (fencing), a 
 ''beat"; — de gr^ce*, 
 a finishing stroke ; — de 
 main*, sudden attack to 
 gainaposition; —demat- 
 tre*, a master-stroke ; — 
 d*oell*, a glance, wink ; — 
 de pled, a kick ; — 
 de poing, blow with the 
 fist ; — de sole II*, sun- 
 stroke ; — de thSatre*, 
 sudden sensational act ; 
 
 — de vent, a gale ; — de 
 vin, sip of wine. 
 
 COUp6*, a front seat, a 
 carriage, a fencing move- 
 ment (accent, not ital.). 
 
 coupee*, a dance step (no 
 accent). 
 
 couper* (Sc), a dealer. 
 
 coup manquS (Fr. m.), 
 a failure. 
 
 Cour de Cassation, su- 
 preme Fr. tribunal. 
 
 courge (Fr. f.), gourd ; — 
 k la moelAi, vegetable 
 marrow. 
 
 courier, in Fr. m. courtier. 
 
 couronne de tasses 
 (electricity), voltaic bat- 
 tery, not — des — . 
 
 75 
 
COURT — CRANCH 
 
 Court, abbr. C, or Ct. 
 courtage*, brokerage. 
 Courtenay, family name 
 of Earl of Devon {see also 
 Courtney), 
 courtesan*, not -zan. 
 court-hous3*, abbr. C.H. 
 
 Court leet*, a court of 
 record. 
 
 court martial* (two 
 words) ; pi. courts — *. 
 
 Courtney (Baron), 1832-, 
 politician ; — (William 
 Leonard), 1850 -, writer 
 {see also Courtenay). 
 
 Court of/ Common 
 Pleas, abbr. C.C.P. ; — 
 — Guestling, of Cinque 
 Ports ; — — Lode- 
 manage, ditto ; — — 
 Probate, abbr. C.P. ; 
 
 St. James's(apos.); 
 
 Session, C.S. 
 
 Courtrai, Belgium, «o/-ay. 
 
 Courts of Justice (caps.). 
 
 couscous*, W. Afr. dish, 
 also bird {see also CUSCUS). 
 
 cousin-german*, not 
 
 -aine, -ane ; pi. cousins-*. 
 
 Cousin Michael, nick- 
 name of a German, as 
 John Bull of Englishman. 
 
 Cousins of the Sove- 
 reign (law). Peers. 
 
 coiite que coute (Fr.), at 
 any cost, not — qui — . 
 
 couturidre (Fr. f.), a dress- 
 maker. 
 
 couvade*,"man-childbed." 
 
 couveuse, apparatus for 
 preserving infant life. 
 
 Covenanter* (Sc. hist.). 
 
 covenantor* (law). 
 
 Coverley (Sir Roger de). 
 
 covert/* (sport), a place of 
 protection, not cover ; — 
 -baron* (law), a married 
 woman. 
 
 Cowling, Yorks. 
 
 Cowlinge, Cambs. 
 
 Cowper-Coles & Co. 
 (Sherard). 
 
 Cowper ("William), 1731- 
 1800, poet ; pron. koo'per. 
 
 cowrie*, the shell, not 
 -ry. In Africa 50 equal 
 about 4s. ; in Siam, 6000 
 about IS. 4d. {see also 
 kauri). 
 
 coxcomb*, a fop; cocks-*, 
 a plant. 
 
 coxswain* (naut), not 
 cocks-; pron. kox'n, abbr. 
 cox (no point). 
 
 coynye* (Ir. hist.), the 
 billeting of soldiers upon 
 persons, not coignye. 
 
 cozey, cozy, use cosy *. 
 
 C.P., Chief Patriarch, Civil 
 Power, Clerk of the 
 Peace, Code of Procedure, 
 College of Preceptors, 
 Common Pleas, Common 
 Prayer, Congregatio Pas- 
 s»b«i5(Passionist Fathers), 
 convicted poacher, Court 
 of Probate ; cp., compare ; 
 C.P.C, Clerk of the Privy 
 Council ; C.P.M. (mus.), 
 common particular metre ; 
 C.P.R., Canadian Pacific 
 Railway; C.P.S., Con- 
 gregational Publishing 
 Society, Custos Privati 
 Sigilli{Keep&r of the Privy 
 Seal). 
 
 C.R., Caledonian Railway, 
 Carolina Regina (Queen 
 Caroline), Carolus Rex 
 (King Charles), Civis Ro- 
 manus (a Roman citizen), 
 Custos Rotulorunt{Keeper 
 of the Rolls); Cr., credit, 
 -or, Crown ; Cr, chro- 
 mium ; cr., created ; 
 C.R.A. (Officer) Com- 
 manding Royal Artillery. 
 crabe (Fr. m.), crab. 
 
 cracklin*, crackle-ware. 
 Cracow, Poland, use 
 
 Krakow. 
 Craig Cefn Pare, Glam, 
 
 a village. 
 Craigenputtock, Dum- 
 fries, Thomas Carlyle's 
 residence 1828. 
 Crantoum Street, W.C. 
 cranch, use crunch *. 
 76 
 
CRANE'S-BILL — CROCUS 
 
 crane's-bill*, the gera- 
 niums, not cranesbill. 
 
 craniol., craniology. 
 
 craniom., craniometry. 
 
 crani/um*, skull; pi. -a*. 
 
 Cranleigh, Surrey, for- 
 merly Crarley. 
 
 Crapaud (Johnny), nick- 
 name of a Frenchman. 
 
 crap/e*, gauze-like fabric, 
 -y; in Fr. m. crepe, 
 
 crassa negUgentia (law), 
 criminal negligence. 
 
 Craufurd (Sir C. W. F.), 
 1847- {see also Craw- 
 furd). 
 
 craunch, use crunch*. 
 
 crawfish*, U.S.A. and 
 prov. Eng. for crayfish*. 
 
 Crawford and Bal- 
 carres (Earl of), 1847-. 
 
 Crawford (F. Marion), 
 1854-1909, writer. 
 
 Crawfurd (Oswald), 
 writer {see also Crau-), 
 
 crayfish*, not craw-. 
 
 C.R.E., (Officer)Command- 
 ing Royal Engineers. 
 
 cream/-laid*, a writing 
 paper with wire marks ; 
 wove*, ditto without! 
 
 created, abbr. cr. 
 
 Creation (the) (cap.). 
 
 crdche*, a public nursery. 
 
 Cr6cy (battle ofj, not 
 Cressy, Creci. 
 
 credit/, -or, abbr. Cr. 
 Cr6ditl Fonder de 
 France, a financial 
 corporation ; — Lyon- 
 nals ; — Mobilier, Fr. 
 banking corporations, 
 creese*, a Malay dagger, 
 
 not kr-, crease. 
 Crefeld, Ger. ; off. K-. 
 Creighton (H.Mandell), 
 1843- 1900, Bp. and hist. 
 crkme de la creme (Fr. 
 f.), the very best, not ere-. 
 Cremona*, any violin 
 
 made there (cap.). 
 Cremonese *, of Cremona, 
 creolize*, not -ise, 
 creosote*-, not k-. 
 
 crepej* (Fr. m.), crape, 
 
 (f.) pancake; — de 
 
 Chine*, raw silk crape ; 
 
 — lisse*, glossy crape. 
 
 crepS* (Fr.), frizzled. 
 
 crSpon* (Fr. m.), crapy 
 
 fabric. 
 crescendo* (mus.), grow- 
 ing in force ; abbr. 
 cresc* 
 cresson* (Fr. m.), cress, 
 
 water-cress. 
 Cretan, of Crete, 
 cretin*, Swiss idiot ; in 
 
 Fr. crStin, 
 cretonne*, a cotton cloth. 
 Creusot (Le), dep. Saone- 
 
 et-Loire, not -zot. 
 cr^ve-ccei/r (Fr. m.), heart- 
 sore, variety of fowl. 
 crevette (Fr. f.), prawn. 
 Crewe (Earl of). 
 Crichton (James), 1560- 
 91, <' the Admirable C—"; 
 pron. kry'tn. 
 cricket/*, -ed, -ing*. 
 crim. con.* (law), criminal 
 
 conversation, adulter}'. 
 crimen! falsi (law), for- 
 gery;— Iwsas majesta- 
 tis, treason. 
 Criminal OflBlce, abbr. 
 
 CO. 
 cring/e*, -ing*. 
 crink*, a, or to, twist, 
 crinkum -crankum*, a 
 
 zigzag, «o/ -cum -cum. 
 cris/is*, //. -es*. 
 criss-cross, see Christ-, 
 crit., critical, -ized. 
 criteri/on*, pi. -a*, 
 criticaster*, a petty critic, 
 criticize*, not -ise. 
 critique* (not ital.). 
 ** Critique of Pure Rea- 
 son,** in German " Kritik 
 der reinen Vernunft," by 
 Kant, 1781. 
 Croat, a native of Croatia ; 
 
 pron. kro-at. 
 croc*, a hook, Ko/-ck. 
 
 work ; pron. krO'sha. 
 crocus/* (bot.), pi. -es. 
 
 77 
 
CRCESUS — C.S.C. 
 
 Croesus, King of Lydia. 
 
 Crofton, Yorks. 
 
 Croft Town, Cambs. 
 
 Cro-Magnon (anthrop,). 
 
 cromesquis (Fr. cook, pi.), 
 not the many variations 
 (not ital.). 
 
 croo* (In, Sc), a hovel. 
 
 Crook, Dur, Westmor. 
 
 Crooke, Lanes. 
 
 Crookes (Sir W.), 1832-, 
 physicist. 
 
 Crookes's tubes 'phys.). 
 
 Crookhaven, Cork. 
 
 Crookston, Paisley. 
 
 Crookstown, Cork. 
 
 Croonian Lecture, of 
 Ro3'al Society. 
 
 croquet*, game (not ital.). 
 
 croquette* (Fr. f.), rissole 
 (ital.). 
 
 crore* (E. Ind.), ten mil- 
 lions, usually of rupees. 
 
 crosier*, Abp.'s staff, not 
 -zier. 
 
 cross, sign in Prayer 
 Book 1^ ; Latin — f {see 
 also crux). 
 
 cross (typ.), in proof cor- 
 rections, a faulty letter. 
 
 Cross-bench* (Pari.) (cap. 
 C only, hyphen). 
 
 cross-bill* (law), a pro- 
 missory note (hj'phen). 
 
 crossbill*, a passerine bird. 
 
 crossette* (arch.), a ledge, 
 not crose-. 
 
 Crossgates, Fife. 
 
 Cross Gates, Yorks. 
 
 Crosshill, Ayr, Renfrew. 
 
 Cross Hill, Workington, 
 Cumberland. 
 
 Crosskeys, Antrim, Cavan. 
 
 Cross Keys, Monmouth. 
 
 crosslet*, not croslet. 
 
 crotch, orcrotchet* (tj'p.), 
 the square bracket [. 
 
 crotchet/*, -ed*, -ing, -y*. 
 
 croupier*, gaming-table 
 attendant. 
 
 crouton (Fr. m.), a bit of 
 crust, or toast. 
 
 Crowland, Lines, not 
 Croy-. 
 
 78 
 
 Crown (the) 'cap. O ; abbr. 
 Cr. 
 
 crow^n, see books, paper. 
 
 Crowner's quest, dialec- 
 tal for Coroner's in- 
 quest (cap. C only). 
 
 Crown Office, abbr. CO. 
 
 crozier, use cros- *. 
 
 C.R.P., Calendartunt Rotu- 
 lorum Patmtium (Calen- 
 dar of the Patent Rolls). 
 
 cru (vdne), growth (no 
 accent). 
 
 crucian*, Ger. carp, not 
 crusian. 
 
 Crucifixion (the) (cap. C). 
 
 Cruikshank (George), 
 1 792-1878, caricaturist. 
 
 crumb*, of bread, not crum. 
 
 crunch*, not cran-, craun-, 
 
 cruse*, ajar, «o/ cruise. 
 
 Cruso, N. Carolina. 
 
 " Crusoe (Robinson),** 
 by Defoe, 1719. 
 
 crux *, of an argument ; 
 pi. cruces (not ital). 
 
 cntxj* (astr.), the Southern 
 Cross; — ansata*, the 
 cross with a handle ; — 
 commissat the tau cross, 
 7- ; — decussata, cross 
 of St. Andrew, or St. 
 Patrick X ',—StelIata,the 
 cross with arms ending in 
 stars {see also cross). 
 
 crypton (chem.), use^-*. 
 
 cryptonym*, a private 
 name. 
 
 crystal., crystallography. 
 
 crystalliz/e*, not -ise ; 
 -ed*, -ing*. 
 
 C.S., Civil Sen'ice, Clerk 
 of Session, Clerk to the 
 Signet, Commissary of 
 Subsistence,Common Ser- 
 jeant, Court of Session, 
 Custos Sigilli (keeper of 
 the seal) ; Cs*, caesium ; 
 cs., communis (com- 
 mon) ; C.S.A., Confeder- 
 ate States Army, ditto 
 of America ; Csar, etc., 
 use Ts- ; C.S.C, Con- 
 spicuous Service Cross; 
 
C.S.I. — CUNNIK-QHAM 
 
 C.S.I., Companion of the 
 (Order of the) Star of 
 India ; C.S.N., Con- 
 federate States Navv ; 
 C.S.O., Chief Signal Offi- 
 cer (U.S.A.), — Staff- 
 Officer; C.Ss.B., Congre- 
 gatio Sandissimi Redemp- 
 toris (Redemptorist Fa- 
 thers). 
 
 C.T., Certificated Teacher; 
 Ct., Count, Court ; ct., 
 cent; C.T.A.U., Cath- 
 olic Total Abstinence 
 Union ; C.T.C., Cyclists' 
 TouringCIub; C.Theod., 
 CodexTheodostanus (Theo- 
 dosian Code) ; ctl., cental, 
 -s; cto. (mus.), concerto ; 
 cts., centimes, cents. 
 
 Cu*, cuprum (copper); 
 C.U., Cambridge Uni- 
 versity; C.U.A.C., Cam- 
 bridge University Athletic 
 Club; C.U.A.F.C., ditto 
 Association Football ; 
 C.U.B.C., ditto Boat; 
 C.U.C.C, ditto Cricket ; 
 C.U.R.U.F.C, ditto 
 Rugby Union Football. 
 
 cuartill/a (Sp.), about 6 lb. 
 weight; -0,a pint; Mexican 
 coin, three halfpence. 
 
 cuarto (Sp.), three far- 
 things. 
 
 cubic, abbr. c, or cub. 
 
 cubicul/um*, cubicle or 
 dormitory ; pi. -a. 
 
 cubile, lowest course of a 
 building. 
 
 Cuddesdon, Bishop of 
 Oxford's residence. 
 
 cue, persons in line, use 
 queue*. 
 
 cuerda, of Castile, 22-3 
 feet ; — Valencia, 122 
 feet; — Buenos Ayres, 
 420 feet I in. 
 
 Oufic*, of Cufa, not K-, 
 Cuphic, Kuphic. 
 
 cui bono?* (Lat.), who 
 gains by it ? 
 
 cuidadf erron. for ciudad. 
 
 cuisine*, cookery (not ital.). 
 
 CUfUSJ (Lat.), of which, 
 abbr. cuf. ; — -Ilbet, of 
 any, abbr, CUJUsL 
 
 culch.*, oyster spawn, not 
 cultch. 
 
 CUl'dej'four* (arch.), oven- 
 like, pi. cuIS'de-four * ; 
 
 lampe*, tail-piece, 
 
 pLculs-de'lampe*,c\xi' 
 de-sac*, a blind alley, a 
 trap, pi. culs-de-sac*; 
 pron. ku-, etc. 
 
 cullex*j a gnat ; pi. -Ices. 
 
 Cullen (William), 1710- 
 90, Sc. physician. 
 
 cullender, w5^colan-*. 
 
 culpaj (law), a fault ; — 
 lata, gross neglect ; — 
 Jevis, excusable neglect. 
 
 Culpeper, Virginia ; — 
 (Sir T. J. and N.), not 
 -pper. 
 
 C.U.M., Cambridge Uni- 
 versity Mission. 
 
 cum* ( Lat.), with (not ital. ). 
 
 CumsBan, of Cumae. 
 
 Cumb, Cumberland. 
 
 Cumbraes, Clyde. 
 
 cum dividend*, with 
 dividend ; abbr. c.d. 
 
 cum grano salts* (Lat.), 
 with allowance for ex- 
 aggeration. 
 
 cumin*, oil of, not cummin. 
 
 Cuming (E.W.D.), 1862-, 
 writer. 
 
 cummerbund*, a waist- 
 belt, not ka-, ku-. 
 
 cum multls aliis (Lat.), 
 with many others. 
 
 cumshaw* (Ch.), a gra- 
 tuity, not ku-. 
 
 cumul/us* (meteor.), a 
 cloud form ; pi, -i*, abbr. k. 
 
 cun, use con*. 
 
 cuneiform*, wedge- 
 
 shaped, not cuni-, cune-. 
 
 Cuningham (Sir W. J.\ 
 1848-, I.C.S. 
 
 Cuninghame (Sir T. A. 
 A. Montgomery-), 
 1877-, Rifie Brig. 
 
 Cunningham (Sir A. F. 
 D.), 1852-, LC.S. 
 
 79 
 
CUNYNQHAM — C. V. 
 
 Cunyngham (Sir W. 
 Dick-), 187 1-, Black 
 Watch. 
 
 Cunynghame (Sir 
 
 Percy), 1867-, I.C.S. 
 
 Cupar/ ; — -Angus, use 
 Coupar . 
 
 cuppa, a chalice bowl. 
 
 cur., currency, current. 
 
 CUracao, liqueur, not -oa. 
 
 curare*, a drug, not -a, -i. 
 
 curarize*, to administer 
 curare, not -ise. 
 
 curb*, more usually ke-. 
 
 curbstone, use kerb-. 
 
 cure*, Fr. rector, or vicar. 
 
 Curlaj*, the papal court 
 (cap.); — advisare vuJt, 
 the court desires to con- 
 sider; abbr. C.a.v, 
 
 curio/*, an object of art ; pi. . 
 -3 (not ital.). 
 
 curiologic/*, -al*, not k-. 
 
 curiosa fe/icitas, agree- 
 able style due to care. 
 
 curiosoj*, a curio admirer; 
 pi. -i*. 
 
 curlicue*, a fantastic curl, 
 not -eque, -ycue. 
 
 curly n ftyp.) (n), in Span- 
 ish tilde. 
 
 currach*, a coracle. 
 
 currack* (Sc), pannier. 
 
 curren/t, -cy, abbr. cur.; 
 electric current, abbr. 
 c. 
 
 currente calamo (Lat.), 
 easily, fluently. 
 
 curricul/um*, pi. -a*. 
 
 Currie, Midlothian. 
 
 Curry, Sligo. 
 
 curry (cook.), in Fr. m. 
 kariy or a Vindienne. 
 
 Curschmann (K. F,), 
 1805-41, composer. 
 
 curse of/ Canaan, negro 
 
 slavery ; Scotland, 
 
 the nine of diamonds. 
 
 Cursivscbrift (Ger. typ. 
 f.), italic type, use K-. 
 
 curtsy/*, «o/-sey; -ing*. 
 
 curveting*, not -tting. 
 
 Cur wen (John), 1816-80, 
 inventor of Tonic Sol-fa. 
 
 80 
 
 cuscus/*, a marsupial ; — 
 -grass*, of India {see also 
 couscous). 
 
 cushat*, cushie-doo* 
 (Sc), the ring-dove. 
 
 cushla machree (Ir.), 
 my heart's delight. 
 
 cuspidor* (Port.), a spit- 
 toon, not -adore, -idore. 
 
 custodia legis (Lat.), in 
 the custody of the \a.w. 
 
 custom-house* (hyphen); 
 abbr. C.H. 
 
 CUStjOS*, a custodian, pi. 
 'Odes * ; custosj bre- 
 vium*, keeper of the 
 briefs ; — morum, guar- 
 dian of morals; Cusiosj 
 Privati Sigilli, Keeper 
 of the Privy Seal, abbr. 
 C.P.S. ; — Regniy a 
 regent ; — Rotulorum*^ 
 Keeper of the Rolls, abbr. 
 C.R. ; — Sigilir, ditto 
 seal, abbr. C.S. 
 
 cut-and-dried (adj.) 
 
 (hyphens). 
 
 Cutch, India, not K-. 
 
 cutch*, catechu, not k-. 
 
 cute*, «c?/'cute. 
 
 cut edges, see edges. 
 
 cut-in/ letter (typ.), one 
 of large size, as at the 
 beginning of a chapter, 
 also drop-letter; — notes, 
 those set into the text at 
 theouteredge;(typ.)tobe 
 in roraan lower-case three 
 sizes smaller than text, in 
 a square of white space. 
 
 cutis]* (anat.), skin; — 
 anserina, the skin 
 roughened by cold. 
 
 cutt/y* (Sc), anything 
 short, pi. -ies; cutty 
 stool, stool of repentance. 
 
 cuv6e (Fr. f.), a vatful, or 
 sort, of wine (not ital.). 
 
 Cuvier (Q. Ij. C. D., 
 baron), 1769-1832, Fr. 
 naturalist 
 
 CujTp, Dutch artists, not K-. 
 
 C.V., Common Version (of 
 the Bible). 
 
C.V.O. — CZERNY 
 
 C.V.O., Commander (of 
 the Royal) Victorian 
 Order. 
 
 C.W., Canada West. 
 
 C.W.O., cash with order. 
 
 cwt., hundredweight, -s. 
 
 cyan-blue*, greenish- 
 
 blue. 
 
 eye, cyclopaedia, -ic. 
 
 Cycle of the Saros, 
 
 6585V3 <^ays. 
 
 cyclop aed/ia*, -ic*, noi 
 
 -pedia; abbr. eye. 
 Cyclop/s*, a giant with one 
 
 eye ; pi. -es*. 
 cycnean*, of swans, not 
 
 cyg-. 
 
 cyder, use cider*. 
 
 Cyfarthfa, Glamorgan 
 ironworks. 
 
 Cyllaros, the horse of 
 Castor and Pollux. 
 
 Cym., Cymric. 
 
 cyma*, a moulding. 
 
 oymbiform*, boat shaped. 
 not cymbae-. 
 
 Cymrarodorion (Hon- 
 ourable Society of). 
 
 Cymric*, Welsh, not K- ; 
 pron. cum-rik. 
 
 Cymru, Wales. 
 
 Cymry, the Welsh nation. 
 
 Cynewulf, Anglo-Saxon 
 poet. 
 
 Cjrnocephalus*, a dog- 
 headed creature. 
 
 Cynthia*, the moon. 
 
 Cynthius, Apollo. 
 
 cypher, use cipher*. 
 
 cy pr^S* (law), as near as 
 practicable. 
 
 Cyprian*, of Cyprus. 
 
 Cypriote, inhabitant or 
 language of Cyprus. 
 
 Cyric (Saint), patron of 
 sailors. 
 
 cyst/*, -ic*, not ci-. 
 
 czakan (mus.), Bohemian 
 flageolet. 
 
 Czar/ of Russia, -evitch, 
 -evna, -ina, use Tsar/. 
 
 Czech*, mo/ the many varia- 
 tions ; pron. check. 
 
 Czemy(Karl), 1791-1857. 
 Austrian composer ; pron 
 tcher'nd. 
 
 81 
 
C NOTES 
 
D. — DAMNUM 
 
 D., democrat, -ic, doctor, 
 Duke, (Lat.) Deus (God), 
 Domittus (Lord), the 
 fourth in a series, all 
 proper names with this 
 initial. 
 
 D, 500. 
 
 d., date, daughter, day, 
 dead, degree, deserted, 
 -er, died, dime, diopter, 
 dollar, dose, (Fr.) douane 
 (customs), droife (the right 
 hand), (It.) desira (right), 
 (Lat. ) decretum (a decree), 
 denarii (pence), denarius 
 (penny), (naut.) drizzling. 
 
 ^* (typ-)> ^s prefix to a not 
 anglicized proper name 
 should, in accordance 
 with continental practice, 
 be lower case and not 
 cap., as d'Arsonval. Sig- 
 natures to be copied. 
 
 Sf (typ.), deleatur (omit). 
 
 Da.*, Danish. 
 
 D.A.A.G., Deputy-Assist- 
 ant-Adjutant-General. 
 
 daj ballo (It. mus.), dance 
 style; — cappella, or — 
 cbiesa, church style ; — 
 capo*, or— capo al fine, 
 repeat to the word Jine ; 
 — capo dal segno, 
 repeat from the sign -"S, 
 abbr. D.C., or da capo. 
 
 dachshund*, badger-dog. 
 
 dacoit*, Indian robber, not 
 dak-, dec-. 
 
 daddy-long-legs*, the 
 crane-fly (hyphens). 
 
 daffadowndilly*, a daffo- 
 dil, not daffi-, daffo-, 
 daffy- (one word). 
 
 D.A.G., Deputy-Adjutant- 
 General. 
 
 dagger (f), (typ.), the 
 second reference mark, 
 coming after the asterisk. 
 
 In Eng. before, in Ger. 
 
 after, a person's name, 
 
 signifies "dead" or 
 
 "died." 
 daggle -tail, use drag-*. 
 Dagonet, pen-name of 
 
 G. R. Sims ; — (Sir), 
 
 King Arthur's fool ; not 
 
 Daguenet. 
 daguerreotype* (not 
 
 cap.). 
 dahabeeyah*, Nile boat, 
 
 not the many variations. 
 d'aWeurs (Fr.), besides, 
 daimio*/, Jap. noble ;/>/. -s. 
 Daimler motor, 
 dais*, not dais. 
 dakoit, use dac-*. 
 Dakota, off. abbr. Dak. 
 Dalai Uama, the Grand 
 
 Lama of Tibet, 
 d'Alembert (J. le R.), 
 
 1717-83, math. 
 Dallmeyer (J. H.), opt- 
 ician, London. 
 Dalzell, family name of 
 
 Earl of Carnwath. 
 DaLziel, /tow. dee-el. 
 damageable*, not -gable. 
 Damaraland, Ger. S.W. 
 
 Africa (one word). 
 damascen/e*, -er*, not 
 
 -keen, -kin. 
 •• Dame aux Camillas 
 
 (La)," play by Dumas fils. 
 darnel decotnpagnie{Fr.), 
 
 lady's paid companion ; 
 
 — d*bonneur, maid of 
 
 honour ; — du palais, 
 
 lady-in-waiting ; — que- 
 
 tetise, one who collects 
 
 for the poor. 
 damnosa baereditas 
 
 (Lat.), a legacy involving 
 
 loss. 
 damnum absque injuria 
 
 (Lat.), damage withput 
 
 wrong. 
 
DAMON — D»AUJOURD*HUI 
 
 Damon and Pythias, 
 model friends. 
 
 Dan., Daniel, Book of 
 Daniel. 
 
 Dan/ae, mother of Perseus, 
 also asteroid ; -aea, fern 
 genus; -aid*, dau. of 
 Danaus ; -aus, son of 
 Belus. 
 
 Dandie Dinmont, breed 
 of dogs ; Andrew Din- 
 mont, farmer in "Guy 
 Mannering." 
 
 dandruff*, scurf, ttot -riff. 
 
 danegeld*, land-tax, not-lt. 
 
 Danicism*, a peculiarity of 
 the Danish language (like 
 Scotticism). 
 
 Daniel (Book of), abbr. 
 Dan. 
 
 Daniel (Canon E.), 1837- 
 1904, writer. 
 
 Daniell (A. E.), 1864-, 
 writer. 
 
 Daniell's battery (elec. ). 
 
 Danish/, abbr. Da.*; — 
 alphat)et (typ.), the 
 special letters are « and 
 0, which follow in alpha- 
 betical order. Printing 
 generally in roman char- 
 acters. 
 
 Dannebrog*, Danish na- 
 tional standard, also or- 
 der of knighthood, tiot 
 Dane-. 
 
 d'Annunzio (Gabriele), 
 1 864-, It. writer. 
 
 danse macabre (Fr. f.), 
 dance of death. 
 
 danseuse*, a female dancer 
 (not ital.). 
 
 Dant/e Alighieri, 1265- 
 1321, It. poet; -ean* 
 -ist*. 
 
 Danubian Principal- 
 ities, Moldavia and 
 Wallachia (rtow Huma- 
 nia). 
 
 Danzig, not -tsic, -tzig. 
 
 daoTi, use dhow*. 
 
 D.A.Q.M.Q., Deputy. 
 
 Assistant - Quartermaster- 
 General. 
 
 d'Arc (Jeanne), Joan of 
 Arc, 1412-31 ; properly 
 Dare. 
 
 daren't (typ.), to be close 
 up. 
 
 dare say* (two words). 
 
 Darfur, S.E. Sahara, uoi 
 -foor, -for, -four. 
 
 Darjeeling, not Darji-. 
 
 Dark Ages (the) (caps.). 
 
 Darmstadt, Germany. 
 
 Darthnla, ' ' fairest of Erin's 
 maidens." 
 
 Darwen, Lanes. 
 
 Darwin (Charles Rob- 
 ert), 1809-82, author of 
 "Origin of Species"; — 
 (Erasmus), 1731-1802. 
 
 D.A.S., Dramatic Authors' 
 Society. 
 
 dash, see punctuation, 
 IX, X. 
 
 dasj beisst (Ger.), that is 
 to say, abbr. <f. A. ; — istt 
 that is, abbr. </./. 
 
 dat.*, dative. 
 
 dat/a*, 5. -um* (not ital.). 
 
 datable*, capable of being 
 dated, not -eable. 
 
 date, abbr. d. ; (typ.) in 
 printed letters to be 
 even small caps, and 
 arabic figures, except in 
 legal work, where they 
 must be spelled out in 
 full. The order should 
 be — day, month, year — as 
 12 June, 1903, «o/ June 12, 
 1903. No comma between 
 figures of year. For 
 periods of years use as 
 few figures as suffice, thus 
 1850-75 ; 1890-1903 (en 
 rules, not hyphens). 
 Names of days and months 
 to be in full ; inst., prox., 
 ult, to be printed full out. 
 
 dative, abbr. dat.* 
 
 Daudet (Alphonse), 
 1840-97, Fr. writer. 
 
 daughter, abbr. d., or 
 dau. 
 
 d'aujourd*bui en huti 
 (Fr.), this day week. 
 
D'AUMALE — D^BLOQUER 
 
 d*Aumale (due). 
 
 Dauphin6, S.W. France. 
 
 Dav., David. 
 
 Davey (Baron), 1833- ; — 
 (Henry), 1843-, engin- 
 eer ; — (R. P. D.\ 1848-, 
 writer (see also Davy). 
 
 da Vinci (Leonardo), 
 1452-1519, It. painter, 
 etc. ; pron. vin'che. 
 
 Davis (Jefferson^ 1808- 
 89, Pres. Conf. States. 
 
 Davout (li. A. P. M., 
 baron), 1773-1820, 
 
 General ; — (Ii.NOj 1770- 
 1823, Fr. Marshal, «o/ -St. 
 
 Davus sum, non CEdipus 
 (Lat.), that is beyond me. 
 
 Davy (Sir Humphry, 
 not -ey), 1 778-1829, 
 chemist {see also Davey). 
 
 Davy Jones's locker. 
 
 day, abbr. d.; (typ.) of 
 the week, and of fasts, 
 feasts, festivals, holidays, 
 to have initial caps. 
 
 Dayak, use Dyak. 
 
 daybook* (one word) ; 
 abbr. d.b. 
 
 daylight* (one word). 
 
 days after/ date, abbr. 
 d.d. ; sight, d.s. 
 
 day*s/ date, abbr. d.d. ; — 
 journey (Heb.), 16-95 
 miles ; — sight, abbr. d.s. 
 
 D.B., Domesday Book. 
 
 d.b., daybook. 
 
 dbk., drawback. 
 
 DC,6oo; DC.(bot.),deCan- 
 dolle; D.C., deputy-con- 
 sul, District Court, District 
 of Columbia, (mus.) da 
 capo (repeat) ; d.C. (It.) 
 dopo Crista (a.d.) ; 
 D.C.L.*, Doctor of Civil 
 Law ; D.C.Ij.I., Duke of 
 Cornwall's Light Infantry; 
 D.Cn.Ii.,, Doctor of 
 Canon Law ; D.C.R. 
 (Ancient Order of For- 
 esters), District Chief 
 Ranger; D.C. S., Deputy- 
 Clerk of Session. 
 
 D.D., Divinitatis Doctor 
 
 (Doctor of Divinity) ; 
 D.d., Deo dedit (gave to 
 God) ; dd., delivered ; 
 d.d., days after date, 
 day's date, dono dedit 
 (given) ; D.D.D., dat, 
 dicat, dedicat (he gives, 
 devotes, and dedicates) ; 
 dono dedit dedicavit (he 
 gave and consecrated as 
 a gift) ; D.D.S., Doctor 
 of Dental Surgery. 
 
 de (typ.), prefix to a proper 
 name, in accordance 
 with continental practice, 
 should not have initial 
 cap., as de Candolle; ex- 
 cept when anglicized, as 
 De Vinne. Signatures to 
 be copied. 
 
 deaconate, use di-*. 
 
 dead, abbr. d. {see also 
 dagger). 
 
 Dead Letter OflBce, now 
 Returned ditto ; dead/ 
 reckoning (naut.), abbr. 
 D.R. ; — reprint (typ.), 
 an absolute facsimile. 
 
 de Amicis (Edmondo), 
 1846-, It. writer. 
 
 Dean of Paculty, not of 
 the ; abbr. D.P. 
 
 de- anthropomorphize *, 
 not -ise (hyphen). 
 
 Dear Sir, in printed letter 
 indent one em (caps., 
 comma, no dash). 
 
 deasil*, righthandwise, as 
 the hands of a clock, not 
 deiseal. 
 
 death/-bed *, -rate * 
 
 (hyphens). 
 
 deb., debenture. 
 
 debacle*, a downfall (not 
 ital.) ; in Fr. f. dSbicIe. 
 
 debatable*, not -eable. 
 
 debauchee*, in Fr. debau- 
 cble,fem.'6e. 
 
 debenture/, abbr. deb. ; — 
 -holder* (hyphen). 
 
 dibloquer (Fr. typ.), to 
 rectify letters placed up- 
 side down as substitutes 
 for the proper ones, the 
 
 86 
 
DEBONAIR — DECORUM 
 
 supply of which has been 
 insufficient. 
 
 debonair*, not -aire, good- 
 natured ; in Fr. dSbon- 
 naire. 
 
 de bonnej grice (Fr.), 
 willingly ; — — pBft* 
 or source, on good au- 
 thority. 
 
 dSboutonnS (Fr.), careless. 
 
 debris*, ruins (no accent) ; 
 in Fr. m. debris. 
 
 debtor, abbr. Dr. 
 
 debut/*, -ant*, /em. 
 -ante* (not ital.). 
 
 de but en blanc (Fr.), 
 bluntly. 
 
 Dec, December. 
 
 dec, declaration, declen- 
 sion, declination, decora- 
 tive. 
 
 dec, (mus.), decrescendo. 
 
 dSc. (Fr.), decedje, fern, -e'e 
 (deceased), decembre (not 
 cap.) (December). 
 
 decade*, a group of ten, 
 not -ad. 
 
 "Decameron (The)", by 
 Boccaccio, 1352. 
 
 Decan, Ind., ws^Decc-. 
 
 de CandoUe (A.), 1806- 
 93, bot., abbr. DC. ; 
 — (A.P.), 1778-1841, bot. 
 
 decani*, of a dean ; (mus.) 
 the south side of a choir. 
 
 Deccan, India, not Decan. 
 
 dicidl6 (Fr.), fern. -Se, 
 deceased ; abbr. dSc, 
 
 December, abbr. Dec ; in 
 Fr. m. d6cembre, abbr. 
 d6c. (not cap.). 
 
 dScence (Fr. f.), comeli- 
 ness, decency. 
 
 decenni/um*, a decade ; 
 pi. -a. 
 
 decentralize*, not -ise. 
 
 decern*, to judge {see also 
 discern). 
 
 dechiance (Fr. f.), for- 
 feiture, expiry. 
 
 decbirantj (Fr.), /em. -e, 
 heart-rending. 
 
 Decies (Baron), pron. 
 dee'shees. 
 
 87 
 
 decigram*, 1-54 grain, 
 official spelling Board of 
 Trade, not -mme ; abbr. 
 dg. 
 
 decimal fractions, no 
 decimal can be plural, or 
 take verb in pi., however 
 many figures it contains ; 
 (typ.) print in figures. 
 The decimal point in all 
 cases to be a full point 
 turned. 
 
 decimalize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 decimator*, not gv. 
 
 dScime* (Fr. m.), ten cen- 
 times, a penny. 
 
 decimetre, 3937 in., not 
 -er ; in Fr. m. decimetre. 
 
 decimo - octavo (typ.)^ 
 i8mo; sexto- — *, i6mo 
 (not ital.). 
 
 decivilize*, not -ise. 
 
 deckle edge*, the ragged 
 edge of hand-made paper, 
 not -el. 
 
 declaration, abbr. dec. 
 
 dScIaration de failUte 
 (Fr. f.), adjudication in 
 bankruptcy. 
 
 Declaration of Indepen- 
 dence, U.S.A., 4 July^ 
 1776. 
 
 dSclassJS (Fr.), /em. -ie, 
 of inferior status. 
 
 declension, abbr. dec. 
 
 declination, abbr. dec. 
 
 decohere (Marconi), to fall 
 apart. 
 
 decoit, use dac-*. 
 
 decollate*, to behead ; 
 decollation of St. J ohn*, 
 
 29 August. 
 dScolIeil6*,/em. -Se (Fr.), 
 
 with low-necked dress. 
 
 decol/our*, to render col- 
 ourless ; but -orize*, not 
 -ourize, -ise. 
 
 decorat/e*, -or*. 
 
 Decoration Day*, U.S.A., 
 
 30 May. 
 decorative, abbr. dec. 
 dScorlS (Fr.). /em. -6e, 
 
 wearing an order of merit, 
 decorum* (not ital.). 
 
D:fiCOUSU — D:fiJEUNER 
 
 dicousuj (Fr.), /em. -e, 
 
 unsewed, loose. 
 decree nisi* (law), a 
 
 decree upon condition. 
 decrepit *, not -id. 
 decrescendo* (mus.), de- 
 creasing in loudness ; 
 
 abbr. dec, or decres. 
 decretjum (Lat.), a decree ; 
 
 pi. -a ; abbr. d. 
 dScrotii (Fr.), brushed up. 
 dedans* (tennis) (notital.). 
 dSdicace (Fr. typ. f.), the 
 
 dedication. 
 dedications (typ.), usually 
 
 eren s. caps, wide leaded. 
 de die in diem (Lat.), 
 
 continuously; abbr. de d. 
 
 ind. 
 Dediication (Ger. f.), the 
 
 dedication (cap.). 
 dSdit (Fr. m.), penalty for 
 
 breach of contract, re- 
 tractation, 
 deducible*, not cable, 
 deemster*, not demp-. 
 def., defendant, defined, 
 
 definite, definition. 
 defaceable*, not -cable. 
 de facto* (Lat.), really, 
 defecat/e*, -or*, not defae-. 
 defectueux (Fr. typ.), 
 
 spoiled. 
 defectus sanguinis (law), 
 
 failure of issue. 
 defelct (Ger. typ.), spoiled ; 
 
 Defektbogen, imperfect 
 
 sheets, 
 defence*, not -se. 
 defendant, abbr. def. 
 defense] d' afficlier (Fr.^, 
 
 stick no bills; — d*entrer, 
 
 no admittance. 
 defensible*, not -ceable, 
 
 -sable. 
 defensor*, not -cer, -ser. 
 defensor fidei (Lat.), De- 
 fender of the Faith ; abbr. 
 
 D.F. 
 defer/*, -ence*, -red*, 
 
 -rer*, -ring*. 
 d6fets (Fr. typ. m. pi.), 
 
 waste sheets. 
 de fide* (Lat.), authentic. 
 
 definable*, «o^ -cable. 
 
 defin/ed, -ite, -ition ; 
 abbr. def. 
 
 definitjum (Lat.), a thing 
 defined ; pi. -a. 
 
 deflate*, to remove air. 
 
 defle/ct*, to bend down- 
 wards ; -xed*, -xion*. 
 
 deflower*, not -ore, -our. 
 
 Defoe (Daniel), 1661- 
 1731, writer, not de Foe. 
 
 deg., degree. 
 
 digagfS* (Fr. m.), /em. 
 -Se*, unconstrained. 
 
 digager (Fr. typ.), to un- 
 lock a forme or galley. 
 
 d'Sgal a Sgal (Fr.), on 
 equal terms. 
 
 dSgO^t (Fr. m.), disgust. 
 
 degree, 69 statute, or 60 
 geog. miles, also part of 
 circle ; sign °, abbr. d., or 
 deg. 
 
 degrees of/ inclination 
 (typ.), to be in words, as 
 **an angle of forty-five 
 degrees " ; temper- 
 ature, to be in figures, as 
 70° F. {see also titles of 
 honour). 
 
 de\liautenbas*{Yv.),Qor\- 
 temptuously ; — haute 
 lutte, with a high hand. 
 
 Dehli, India, use Delhi. 
 
 deliors* (Fr.), foreign to ; 
 (law) outside. 
 
 Deianeira, wife of Her- 
 cules, also an asteroid. 
 
 Dei\ gratia, by the grace 
 of God ; abbr. D.G. ; — 
 judicium, the judgment 
 of God {see also Deo). 
 
 Deity (the Christian) 
 (typ.), synonyms and 
 pronouns to have initial 
 caps., as Christ, Dominus, 
 Father, God, He, Him, 
 Himself, His, Jehovah. 
 Lord, Me, Mine, the Deity, 
 Thee, Thine, Thy, Who, 
 Whom. 
 
 dejeuner]* (Fr.m.), break- 
 fast ; — a la four- 
 Chette*, luncheon. 
 
DE JURE — DENHOIjME 
 
 de jure* (Lat.), by right. 
 
 Del., Delaware (off. abbr.T. 
 
 del., delegate, </(P/m^aMV (he, 
 or she, drew it). 
 
 Delacroix (Eugene), 
 1 799-1 863, Fr. painter. 
 
 D9lambre(J.B. J.), 1749- 
 1822, astr. (one word). 
 
 de la Rani6e (Louise), 
 pen-name "Ouida." 
 
 Delaware, off. abbr. Del. 
 
 De La Warr (Earl). 
 
 deleaiur* (Lat.), omit; 
 abbr. dele, or gr. To de- 
 lete anything in a proof, 
 mark it through with ink, 
 and write in the margin 
 opposite, IT. 
 
 delegate, abbr, del. 
 
 delenda* (Lat.), things to 
 be deleted. 
 
 delf*, Dutch glazed earthen- 
 
 - ware, not delft. 
 
 Delft, Holland ; proti. del'- 
 eft. 
 
 Delhi, N. India, not Dehli, 
 Delli ; pron. d&\€. 
 
 deliberate on preferred, 
 but also upon, about, con- 
 cerning. 
 
 delicatesse*, delicacy (not 
 ital.); in Fr. f. dSIIca- 
 tesse. 
 
 dillS (Fr. typ. m.), the serif. 
 
 dSlier (Fr. typ.), to untie. 
 
 delineavit (Lat.), he, or 
 she, drew it ; abbr. del. 
 
 delirium/*, pi. -s* ; — 
 tremens, abbr. d.t. (not 
 ital.). 
 
 De Lisle (Baron), pron. 
 de lyl. 
 
 dSlit (Fr. m.), a transgres- 
 sion. 
 
 Delitzsch (Pranz), 1813- 
 90, Hebraist ; — 
 
 (Friedrich), 1850-, 
 Assyriologist. 
 
 delivered, abbr. dd. 
 
 deliverer*, not -or. 
 
 de luxe (Fr.), luxurious. 
 
 Delyannis (Theodore), 
 1826- 1 905, Gr. statesman. 
 
 dem/ain, use -esne*. 
 
 demarcate*, not demark-. 
 demeanour*. 
 dimenti (Fr. m.), contra- 
 diction. 
 dementia* {not ital.). 
 demesne*, not -ain. 
 demeure (Fr. f.), dwelling. 
 demt'l-feuille (Fr. typ. f.), a 
 
 half sheet ; 
 
 ■monde*. 
 
 prostitutes (ital. , hyphen) ; 
 
 — -saison, spring or au- 
 tumn fabric. 
 demise *, not -ize. 
 demobpize*, not -ise. 
 democrat/, -ic, abbr. D. 
 democratiz/e*, to render 
 
 democratic ; -er*. 
 Democrit/us, -ean*. 
 d6modl6{Yv.),fem. -Se, out 
 
 of fashion. 
 demoiselle*, young lady 
 
 (not ital.). 
 Demoivre(A.),i667-i754, 
 
 math ematician(one word), 
 demon., demonstrative. 
 demonetize*, to divest of 
 
 value as currency, not 
 
 -ise. 
 demon/ic*, -ize*, wo^dae-. 
 demoralize*, not -ise. 
 de mortuis nil nisi bo- 
 
 nam (Lat.), speak well 
 
 of the dead. 
 demos*, the people (not 
 
 ital.). 
 dempster, use deem-*, 
 demy*, a scholar at Mag- 
 dalen Coll., Oxford ;pron. 
 
 de-my'; pi. demies*. 
 demy/ paper (typ.), pron. 
 
 dS-my'. 
 
 — drawing, 20 x 1572 in. 
 
 — printing, 22^2 x 17V2 
 
 — writing, 20 x 15^2 
 Den., Denmark, 
 denar*, a coin, not -are. 
 denar/ius* (Lat.), penny ; 
 
 pi. -ii*, pence ; abbr. d. 
 denationalize*, not -ise. 
 dengue*, not — fever, 
 
 denga, -gey. 
 Denholm, Roxburgh. 
 Denholme, Yorks. 
 
 89 
 
DENMARK — DESIDERATUM 
 
 Denmark, abbr. Den. {see 
 also Assemblies). 
 
 denouement* (Fr. m.), 
 unravelling, not denoum-. 
 
 de nouveau (Fr.), afresh. 
 
 de novo* (Lat.), afresh. 
 
 denshire*, to burn stubble, 
 not -her. 
 
 dent., dental, -ist, -istry. 
 
 dentalize*, to make dental, 
 not -ise. 
 
 dentelle*, lace. 
 
 dentil*, a moulding with 
 cubes, not -el, -ilQ. 
 
 deodoriz/e*, wo/-ise; -er*. 
 
 Deol favente (Lat.), with 
 God's favour; — gratias, 
 thanks to God ; — vo- 
 lente, God willing, abbr. 
 D.V. {see also Dei). 
 
 de omnibus rebus (Lat.), 
 concerning all things. 
 
 deomniscibiii {Lat.), con- 
 cerning every knowable 
 thing. 
 
 deoxidiz/e*, «o/-ise; -er*. 
 
 deoxygenize *, to deprive 
 of oxygen, not -ise. 
 
 dep., departs, deposed, 
 deputy. 
 
 d6p. (Fr.), deparietnent (pro- 
 vince), depute' {deputy). 
 
 de par le roi (Fr.), in the 
 king's name. 
 
 dipartement (Fr. m.), 
 province ; abbr. d6p. 
 
 department, abbr. dept. 
 
 departmentalize*, «o/ -ise. 
 
 depauperize*, not -ise. 
 
 depeclie (Fr. f.), message. 
 
 dependable*, not -ible. 
 
 depend/ent* (noun), 
 
 -ence*, -ent* (adj.), not 
 -ant. 
 
 Depew (Chauncey M.), 
 1834-, Amer. politician. 
 
 dephosphorize*, «o^-ise. 
 
 depicter*, not -or. 
 
 depilatory*, hair remov- 
 ing, or remover. 
 
 de pis en pis (Fr.), from 
 bad to worse. 
 
 deplacS (Fr.), out of place. 
 
 de piano (law), clearly. 
 
 de plein gr6 (Fr.), volun- 
 tarily. 
 
 deponent, abbr. dpt. 
 
 depopularize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 deposed, abbr. dep. 
 
 depositary*, a person. 
 
 depository*, a place. 
 
 depot*, in Fr. m. dSpdt 
 
 depressible*. 
 
 de proprio motu (Lat.), 
 spontaneously. 
 
 dept., department. 
 
 dSputS, a member of the 
 lower French Chamber. 
 
 deputy/, abbr. dep. ; — 
 -consul, D.C. ; Deputy- 
 Iiieutenant, D.L.* 
 
 De Quincey (Thomas), 
 1 785-1859, writer. 
 
 der., derivation, -ive, -ived. 
 
 dSrangjS {^ Fr. ), out of order ; 
 -ement, confusion. 
 
 derangeable*. 
 
 Derbyshire, abbr. Derby. 
 
 de rdgle (Fr.), in order. 
 
 de rigueur* {Fr.\ accord- 
 ing to etiquette. 
 
 derisible*. 
 
 deriv/ation, -ative, -ed ; 
 abbr. der. 
 
 derm.*, dermja*, -/s*, the 
 skin. 
 
 dernier] * (Fr.), last; — 
 ressort*, a last resource. 
 
 Deroul^de (Paul), 1846-, 
 writer, politician. 
 
 derringdo*,daringaction, 
 not — doe (no hyphen). 
 
 dervish*, «o/-is (notital.). 
 
 des (Fr.), of the (//.). 
 
 des (Fr.), since. 
 
 desagrSmentj (Fr. m.), un- 
 pleasantness ; pi. -S. 
 
 Desart (Earl of),alsoI>y-. 
 
 descendant*, not -ent. 
 
 desert*, a wilderness ; to 
 abandon (see also des- 
 sert). 
 
 desert/ed, -er, abbr. d. 
 
 deshabille, not dis-; in 
 Fr. m. desbabillS. 
 
 desiccate*, not dess-. 
 
 desiderat/um*, something 
 desired ; pi. -a*(not ital.). 
 
 90 
 
DESILVERIZE — DPT. 
 
 desilverize*, to extract 
 
 silver from, not -ise. 
 desirable *, not -cable, 
 desistance*, «o/-ence. 
 desition*, ending. 
 tiesaeuvr}S*{Fr.),/em. -ie, 
 
 unoccupied ; -ement* 
 
 (m.), lack of occupation, 
 desolator*, not -er. 
 de son Stat (Fr.), by trade. 
 dSsorientjS (Fr.),/^w. -^e, 
 
 confused as to direction, 
 despatch, use dis-*. 
 desperado/*, a desperate 
 
 man ; pi. -es (not ital.). 
 despiritualize*, not -ise. 
 despise*, not dis-. 
 despotize*, to act the 
 
 despot, not -ise. 
 dessein (Fr. m.), design. 
 dessert*, a dinner course 
 
 (see also desert), 
 dessertspoonful/, pi. -s, 
 
 two drams (one word). 
 dessicate, use desicc-*. 
 dessin (Fr. m.), drawing. 
 dessousj (Fr.), below, un- 
 der ; — des cartes, a 
 
 secret. 
 dessus (Fr.), on, upon, 
 
 (mus.) soprano. 
 destra] (It.), right-hand 
 
 side, abbr. d. ; — mano, 
 
 the right hand , abbr. D.M. 
 destructor*, not -er. 
 desuetude*, pron. des'w6- 
 
 tude ; in Fr. f. dSsui-. 
 desulphuriz/e*, not -ise. 
 desuntj cetera (Lat.), the 
 
 rest wanting ; — multa, 
 
 many things are wanting. 
 Detaille (J. B. ]S.), 1848-, 
 
 Fr. painter (no accent). 
 detant*, part of a gun-lock 
 
 (see also detent), 
 detector, not -er. 
 detent*, a catch (see also 
 
 detant). 
 dStenuj* (Fr.), /em. -e*, 
 
 one detained in custody, 
 deterrent*, not -ant. 
 detonat/e *, -or*, 
 detour*, in Fr. m. dStour. 
 detract/or*, /em. -ress. 
 
 detritus*, debris (not ital.). 
 de trop* (Fr.), not wanted. 
 Deiis/ (Lat), God, abbr. D. ; 
 
 — avertat I God for- 
 bid ! — detf God grant ; 
 
 — ex machina, *'a god 
 from a machine," from 
 Gr. theatre where one was 
 shown at an elevation to 
 work humanly insoluble 
 problems ; — miserea- 
 tur, God be merciful. 
 
 Deuteronomy, abbr. 
 
 Deut. 
 
 deux-temps* (Fr. m. sing, 
 and pi.), waltz. 
 
 develop/ *,-nient*, MO/ -pe. 
 
 devest, use divest*. 
 
 deviat/e*, -or*, not -er. 
 
 devil (typ.), cap. for Devil 
 of the Bible, not cap. when 
 an expletive. 
 
 deviling*, a young devil. 
 
 devilling*, working as a 
 hack. 
 
 devilry*, not -try. 
 
 De Vinne (Theodore 
 Low), 1 828-, Amer, 
 printer and writer ; pron. 
 vin'e. 
 
 devise*, not -ize. 
 
 devis/ee*, -or*, the cor- 
 relatives, not -er (see also 
 di-). 
 
 devitalize*, to render life- 
 less, not -ise. 
 
 devocalize*, to make 
 voiceless, not -ise. 
 
 devoir*, an act of civiUty 
 (not ital.). 
 
 Devonshire,abbr. Devon. 
 
 dSvotj (Fr.), /em. -e, a de- 
 votee. 
 
 Dewey (Melvil), Amer. 
 librarian. 
 
 dexterous*, not -trous. 
 
 dextra (Lat.), right. 
 
 D.E., defensor fidei (Defen- 
 der of the Faith), Dean 
 of Faculty. 
 
 D.F.M.S., Domestic and 
 Foreign Missionary So- 
 ciety. 
 
 dft., draft. 
 
 91 
 
D.a. — DIKE 
 
 D.Q.*, Dei gratia (by the 
 grace of God), Deo 
 gratias (thanks to God), 
 Director-General, Dra- 
 goon Guards. 
 
 dg., decigram. 
 
 d.b, (Ger.), das heisst (that 
 is to say). 
 
 dhobi*, Ind. washerman. 
 
 dhooly, use doolie*. 
 
 dhoti*, a Hindu's loin- 
 cloth, not -ee, -ootie. 
 
 dh.O"W*, an Arab vessel, 
 not daou, daw, dow. 
 
 Dhuleep, use Du-. 
 
 dhurrie*, Indian carpet, 
 not durrie. 
 
 D.Hy., Doctor of Hygiene. 
 
 Di* (chem.), didymium. 
 
 d.i. (Ger.), das ist (that 
 is). 
 
 diablerie*, devilry, not -ry 
 (not ital.). 
 
 diachylon*, a plaster, not 
 -um, -culum, 
 
 diaconate *, office of 
 deacon, not de-. 
 
 diaBresls* (typ.), the sign 
 ( " ) over the second of two 
 vowels to show that they 
 are to be sounded separ- 
 ately. It may be omitted 
 when the vowels are di- 
 vided by the end of the 
 line. Not die- ; pron. 
 di-gr'e-sis. 
 
 diagnos/is*, pi. -es*. 
 
 dialect/*, -al*, -ic*, -ical*; 
 abbr. dial. 
 
 dialling*, not dialing. 
 
 dialogize*, to discuss, not 
 -ise, -uize. 
 
 dialys/e* (chem.), -er*, 
 not -ize ; -is*, pi. -es*. 
 
 diameter, abbr. diam. 
 
 diamond/ dash (typ.), 
 — * — ; — type, 
 
 the snullest ra^nhriy east, four and a half 
 point, aixtaeo lines to the inch, a« thia. 
 
 diapason normal* (mus.), 
 
 Fr, standard pitch. 
 diarrhoea*, not -ea.. 
 Diatessaron*, a harmony 
 
 of the four Gospels. 
 
 diathes/ia*, a habit of body, 
 
 pi. -es*; pron. dy-ath'- 
 
 e-sis. 
 dichotomize*, to divide 
 
 into two parts, not -ise. 
 Dichter (Ger. m.), a poet 
 
 (cap.). 
 "Dichtung und Wahr- 
 
 heit," by Goethe, not 
 
 W- und D-. 
 Dicksee (Frank), 1853-, 
 
 painter, 
 dicky*, not -ey. 
 diet., dictator, dictionary. 
 dictionnaire (Fr. m,, two 
 
 m's), dictionary, 
 dict/um *, a saying ; /)/. -a *. 
 dictum sapienti (Lat.\ a 
 
 word to the wise. 
 didactyl*, two- fingered, 
 
 not -le. 
 Diderot (Denis), 1713-84, 
 
 Fr. writer, 
 didn't (typ.), to be close up. 
 didst (no apos.). 
 didymium*, symbol Di*. 
 diecious, use dice- *. 
 died, abbr. d. {see also 
 
 dagger), 
 dieresis, use disB-*. 
 d/es/*(Lat.),day ',—fausti, 
 
 auspicious days ; — /n- 
 
 fausti, inauspicious days ; 
 
 — iras*, day of wrath. 
 dieslis* (typ.), the double 
 
 dagger J ; pi. -es. 
 diesj Juridicus* (Lat.), a 
 day on which courts sit ; 
 
 — ne fasti f blank days ; 
 
 — non* (law), a day 
 when no business is done. 
 
 Dieu et mon droit, God 
 and my right (Eng. royal 
 motto). 
 
 differ/, -ence, abbr. dif. 
 
 different//-ow, not to, with. 
 
 differentija *, a distinguish- 
 ing mark ; pi. -as*. 
 
 digestible *, not -able. 
 
 digraph, see diphthongs. 
 
 diil majores (Lat.), men of 
 the first rank; — minores, 
 men of the second rank. 
 
 dike*, not dyke. 
 
 9a 
 
DILATABLE — DISHARMONIZE 
 
 dilatable*, not -cable. 
 
 dilatation*, " more correct 
 than dilation " ^O.E.D.). 
 
 dilator*, not -er. 
 
 dilemma/*,/*/. -s(notital.). 
 
 dilettant/e* (It.), a lover of 
 the fine arts ; pi. -i**. 
 
 diligence*, a stage-coach 
 (not ital.). 
 
 diluvi/um.* (geoL), aqueous 
 deposit ; pi. -a (ital.). 
 
 D.I.M., District Inspector 
 of Musketry. 
 
 dim., dimidium (one-half), 
 diminutive. 
 
 dime* (U.S.A.), ten cents ; 
 abbr. d. 
 
 diminuendo* (It. mus.), 
 less loud ; abbr. dim, 
 
 Dinan,dep.C6tes-du-Nord. 
 
 Dinant, Belgium. 
 
 Dinard, Brittany. 
 
 dindonj (Fr. m.), a turkey; 
 -neau, turkey poult. 
 
 diner] (Fr.), to dine, (m.) 
 dinner; — parcceur, to 
 go dinnerless. 
 
 dinghy*, small boat, not 
 -gey, -gy. 
 
 dining-room.* (hyphen). 
 
 dioces/e, -an ; abbr. dioc. 
 
 dioecious* (bot.), not die-. 
 
 Diogenes Laertius, 
 
 about A.D. 200. 
 
 dionym*, a binomial 
 name, as Homo sapiens. 
 
 Dionysius, of Syracuse. 
 
 Dionysus, Gr. god Bacchus. 
 
 diopter*, lens measure, in 
 Lat. dioptra ; abbr. d. 
 
 Dioscuri (the), Castor and 
 Pollux. 
 
 diphtheria*, not dipth-. 
 
 diphthongize*, to turn 
 into a diphthong, «o/-ise. 
 
 diphthongs (typ.), /E, ae, 
 (E, oe, for single sounds, 
 are in England employed 
 in English, French, 
 Greek, Latin, and Old- 
 English words, instead 
 of the separate letters ae, 
 oe. ae and oe should be 
 restricted to works for 
 
 classical scholars and stu- 
 dents (see also German), 
 diplomat*, a diplomatist; 
 
 abbr. dipl. (not ital.). 
 diplomate*, one holding a 
 
 diploma ; in Fr. dipldme, 
 diplomatize*, not -ise. 
 dipsomania/*, -c*. 
 Director-General, abbr. 
 
 D.G. 
 directress *, a female 
 
 director, not -oress, -trix. 
 dirigible*, 
 dis., discipline, discount, 
 
 (typ.) distribute. 
 dis aliter visum (Lat.), 
 
 the gods have thought 
 
 otherwise, 
 disarrangement*, not 
 
 -gment. 
 disburden*, not -then, 
 disbursement*, not 
 
 -sment. 
 disc, use disk*, 
 disc, discovered, -er. 
 discern/*, to see; -ible* 
 
 {see also decern), 
 disciplinary *, not -ery. 
 discipline, abbr. dis. 
 discipular*, disciple-like. 
 d/SCOAo//as*,adisk-throw- 
 
 er, not -ulus ; pi. -/*. 
 discoloration*, not dis- 
 colour-, 
 discolour/ *, -ed *, -ment *, 
 
 not discolor, 
 discomfit/*, -ed*, -ing*. 
 disconnexion*, «o/-ction. 
 discount, abbr. dis. 
 discover/ed, -er ; abbr. 
 
 disc, 
 discreet*, judicious, 
 discrete*, separate, 
 disenthral/*, wo/ -enthrall, 
 
 -inthral, -inthrall ; -led *, 
 
 -ment ♦. 
 disenthron/e*, not disin- ; 
 
 -ing*, -ement*. 
 disfavour*, not -vor. 
 disfranchise*, not -ize. 
 disguis/e*, -er*. 
 dishabille, use de- ; in 
 
 Fr. m. dSsliabillS, 
 disharmonize*, not -ise. 
 
 93 
 
DISHEVELIiED — DIVISOR 
 
 dishevelled*, not -eled. 
 
 disillusionize*, uoi -ise. 
 
 disinthral, ttse disen-*. 
 
 disinthrone, use disen-*. 
 
 disjecta membra * (Lat.), 
 scattered remains, but 
 *'disjecti membra poetae " 
 (Horace). 
 
 disk*, «o/disc. 
 
 dislodgment*, ttot -ement. 
 
 dismissible*, tiot -able. 
 
 disorganiz/e*, -er*.«o/-ise. 
 
 dispatch/*, -er*, not des-. 
 
 dispensable*, not -ible. 
 
 dispensary*, abbr. disp. 
 
 dispise, use des-*. 
 
 Disraeli (B.), 1804-81, 
 Earl of Beaconsfield. 
 
 d'Israeli (Isaac), 1766- 
 1848, writer, father of 
 above. 
 
 disseis/e*, to dispossess 
 wroogfully, not -ze ; -ee*, 
 -in*, -or*, -oress*. 
 
 Dissenter (cap.). 
 
 dissertation, abbr. diss. 
 
 dissipi (Fr.), /em. -ie, 
 dissipated. 
 
 dissoluble*, «o/-uable. 
 
 dissolvable*, «o/ -ible. 
 
 dissyllable, use disy-*. 
 
 dist., distance, distinguish, 
 -ed, district. 
 
 distastable*, «o/ -cable. 
 
 distension*, «o/-tion. 
 
 distil*, «o/-ill. 
 
 distinction (titles of) 
 (typ.), as F.R.S., LL.D., 
 are usually put in large 
 caps. Even s.caps. often 
 improve general effect. 
 
 distingujS* (Fr.),>m. -Se, 
 distinguished. 
 
 distinguish/, -ed; abbr. 
 dist. 
 
 Dist. R., District Railway 
 ^London). 
 
 distrait/*, y^w. -e, absent- 
 minded (not ital.). 
 
 distribute (typ.), to put 
 back each letter and space 
 into its proper compart- 
 ment in the cases; abbr. 
 dis. 
 
 distributing machine 
 (typ.), one for distributing 
 type. 
 
 district, abbr. dist. 
 
 District/ Court, — of Co- 
 lumbia, abbr. D.C.; — 
 Railway, D.R.; —Re- 
 gistry, D.R. 
 
 disyllab/le*, -ic*, -ize*, 
 of two syllables, not 
 diss-. 
 
 ditto*, abbr. do. 
 
 dittogram* (typ.), a letter 
 repeated by mistake. 
 
 div., divide, -d, dividend, 
 divine, division, divisor, 
 Fr. divers (diverse). 
 
 divde. (Fr. m.), dividende 
 (dividend). 
 
 diverticul/um *, a by- 
 way ; pi. -a*. 
 
 divertimentjo* (It), akind 
 of baUet, />/. -/* ; also 
 (Fr.) divertissement*. 
 
 divest*, not de-. 
 
 divid/e, -ed, -end, divi- 
 sion, divisor ; abbr. 
 div. ; sign for divide -r. 
 
 divide et impera (Lat.), 
 divide and govern. 
 
 ** Divina Commedia," 
 1300-18, by Dante, not 
 Come-. 
 
 Divine (typ.), when used 
 directly of the Deity cap. 
 D ; abbr. div. 
 
 Divine Spirit, as title of 
 Deity (caps.). 
 
 Divis (Ger. typ. n,), the 
 hyphen, 
 
 division of words : never 
 separate a group of letters 
 representing a single 
 sound; and so divide a 
 word that each part 
 retains its present sound. 
 Examples : at-mos- 
 
 phere, con-di-tion,cred-it- 
 able, de-light-ful, de-sert 
 (abandon), des-sert (after 
 dinner), di-shev-el, mul- 
 ti-pli-ca-tion, pho-tog-ra- 
 phy, sub-trac-tion. 
 
 divisor* (math.), a factor. 
 
 94 
 
DIVORCE — DOUCiAR 
 
 divorcjS (Fr.), /^w. -ie, a 
 divorced person. 
 
 Dixie's Land, the South- 
 ern States, U.S.A. 
 
 djinn, use 3-*. 
 
 D.L.*, Deputy- Lieutenant ; 
 D.Ij.I., Durham Light 
 Infantry; D. Lit.*, Doc- 
 tor of Literature ; but 
 Litt.D., Doctor of Let- 
 ters ; D.L.O., Dead Let- 
 ter Office, «ozt/ Returned 
 
 ; D.L.S. (U.S.A.), 
 
 Doctor of Library Science. 
 
 D.M., Deputy Master, 
 Doctor of Medicine 
 (Oxford), (Fr.) Docteur 
 en Medecine (Doctor of 
 Medicine), (It. mus.) 
 destra mano (the right 
 hand). 
 
 D.N., Dominus noster (our 
 
 ' Lord). 
 
 D.N.B., Dictionary of Na- 
 tional Biography. 
 
 Dniepr River, S. Russia, 
 not -per, Dnyepr. 
 
 Dniester River, S. Rus- 
 sia, not -tr, Dnyestr. 
 
 D.N.P.P., Dominus Noster 
 Papa Pontifex (Our Lord 
 the Pope). 
 
 D.O. (U.S.A.), Doctor of 
 Oratory. 
 
 do., ditto, the same. 
 
 doat, use dote*. 
 
 doc, documents. 
 
 Docent (Ger.), a university 
 teacher, now Doz-. 
 
 docket*, -ed*, -ing*. 
 
 dockyard* (one word). 
 
 Doctor/, abbr. D., or Dr. ; 
 — of Canon Law, 
 D.Cn.L. ; — Civil Law, 
 D.C.L. ; — Dental Sur- 
 gery, D.D.S. ; — Divin- 
 ity, D.D. ; — Hygiene, 
 D.Hy. ; — Letters, 
 Litt.D. ; — Library 
 Science (U.S.A.), 
 
 D.L.S. ; — Literature, 
 D.Lit. ; — Medicine 
 (Oxford), D.M. ; — 
 Music, D.Mus., or 
 
 Mus.Doc. ; Doctor of 
 Oratory (U.S.A.), D.O.; 
 — Philosophy, Ph.D., 
 or D.Ph. ; — Science, 
 D.Sc. ; — Theology, 
 D.Th. ; — University 
 of Paris, Dr. Univ. 
 Par. ; — Veterinary 
 Medicine (U.S.A.), 
 D.V.M. ; — Zoology, 
 D.Z. 
 
 Doctors* Commons*, 
 London (apos.). 
 
 doctress*, not -oress. 
 
 doctrinaire* (not ital.). 
 
 doctrinize*, to theorize, 
 not -ise. 
 
 documents (typ.), to be 
 an exact reprint; abbr. 
 doc. 
 
 Doddington, Cambs, 
 
 Kent, Northumb, North- 
 ants {see also Dodi-). 
 
 Doderlein (Ludwig), 
 1791-1863, philologist. 
 
 Dodington, Somerset {see 
 also Dodd-). 
 
 dogana* (It. f.), custom- 
 house. 
 
 dogate*, office of doge, 
 not -eate (not ital.). 
 
 dog-days* (hyphen). 
 
 doge*, chief magistrate 
 of Venice (not ital.). 
 
 doggerel *, not -grel. 
 
 dogma/*,/)/, -s*. 
 
 dogmatize*, not -ise. 
 
 dog's letter*, R. 
 
 Dohn^nyi (E. von), 
 1877-, pianist. 
 
 Dohm (Anton), 1840- 
 1909, zoologist. 
 
 doily*, a napkin, not -ey, 
 doyley, -ly, d'oyley, -ie. 
 
 dol., dollar. 
 
 dolcej far nlente* (It.), 
 delightful idleness ; — 
 manlera, — manners ; — 
 -piccante, bitter-svs^eet. 
 
 doleful *, not -11. 
 
 dollar/, abbr. d., or dol. ; 
 — mark (tj'p.), ^, to be 
 be/ore, and close up to, the 
 figures, as $50. 
 
 95 
 
rOLIilNGER — DOUBLE 
 
 r 
 
 Dollinger (J. J. I.), 1799- 
 
 1890, theologian. 
 Dollond (J.), 1706-61, 
 
 optician, not -and. 
 dolorous*, 6m/ dolour*. 
 D.O.M., Deo Optimo 
 
 maximo (To God the best 
 
 and greatest). 
 Dom (Ger.), cathedral ; 
 
 (Russ.) house; (Port.) 
 
 title of nobility, also title 
 
 of certain monks, as Dom 
 
 Gasquet ; not Don. 
 dom., domestic, dominion. 
 Domenichino, or Dome- 
 
 nico Zampieri, 1581- 
 
 164 1, painter. 
 "Domesday Book*,'* not 
 
 Dooms- ; abbr. D.B. 
 domestic, abbr. dom. 
 Dotnine dirlge nos (Lat.), 
 
 Lord, direct us (motto 
 of the City of London). 
 
 Dominica, Haiti, in Sp. 
 
 San Domingo. 
 dominical ad paimas. 
 
 Palm Sunday ; — de 
 
 Passione, Passion — ; 
 
 — dies, Sunday ; — in 
 
 albis, Low — . 
 dominie*(,old Sc.),teacher, 
 
 preacher. 
 dominion, abbr. dom. 
 Dominion Day *, Canada, 
 
 1 July, 
 domino/*, pi. -es*. 
 Dotninusj (Lat.), Lord ; 
 
 abbr. D. : — noster, our 
 
 Lord, D.W. 
 Domus Procerutn (law), 
 
 the House of Lords; abbr. 
 
 D.P., or Dom. Proc. 
 Donegal, Ireland. 
 Donegall (Marquess o/). 
 Donizetti (Q-.j» ^797- 
 
 1848, composer. 
 donna* (It.), a lady (ital.). 
 Donne (John), 1573- 
 
 1631, poet 
 don*t (typ.), to be close up. 
 doolie* (Ind.), a litter, not 
 
 dhooley, -he, -ly, dooly. 
 "Doomsday Book,** use 
 
 Domesday — *. 
 
 doorsbek (Arab. ), Moham- 
 medan prayer-carpet. 
 
 dopo Cristo (It.), a.d. ; 
 abbr. d.C. 
 
 Doppelpunkt (Ger. m.), 
 the colon. 
 
 Dor., Doric. 
 
 Dore (P. Gustave), 1833- 
 83, painter. 
 
 dormeuse* (Fr. f.), a 
 settee, nightcap, travel- 
 ling sleeping carriage. 
 
 dormy* (golf), not -ie. 
 
 d'Orsay (A.G.G., count), 
 1801-52, "the last dandy." 
 
 Dorset, not Dorsetshire. 
 
 Dory (John), fish, not 
 -ey. 
 
 dosage* (med.), not -cage. 
 
 dose (med.), abbr. d. 
 
 dosiology*, science of 
 doses, not dosol-. 
 
 dossier*, papers referring 
 to some matter (not ital.). 
 
 DostoiefiFsky (F. M.), 
 1818-81, Russ. writer. 
 
 dot/e*, to show great love, 
 not doat ; -age*. 
 
 dotterel*, plover, woZ-trel. 
 
 Douai, dep. Nord, not 
 -y; but Douay Bible. 
 
 douane* (Fr.f.), customs ; 
 abbr. d. 
 
 double (typ.), a word, etc., 
 erroneously repeated. 
 
 doublje (Fr.), fem. -Se, 
 hned. 
 
 double-barrelled*, not 
 -eled (hyphen). 
 
 double-bass (mus.) (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 double (approximate sizes 
 of unfolded) — 
 
 — crown paper,3o x 2oin. 
 
 — demy, 35 x 22I/2 
 
 — elephant, 40 x 27 
 
 — foolscapprinting,27 x 17 
 writing, 27 x 17 
 
 — imperial, 44 x 3° 
 
 — large cards, 6 x 4V2 
 
 — post, 31^2x1973 
 
 — royal, 40 x 25 
 
 — small cards, 4^/4 x s'/g 
 
 — {see also books, paper). 
 
 96 
 
DOUBLE — DKAWBACK 
 
 D double english 
 type, 28-point, 
 2^/2 lines to an 
 inch, as this 
 initial. 
 double entente {un mot 
 h) (Fr.), a word with two 
 meanings, not entendre. 
 
 D double par- 
 agon type, 
 40-point,^/g"in 
 depth, as this 
 initial. 
 double pica type. 
 
 D 
 
 itial. 
 
 24-point, 3^/3 lines 
 to an inch, as this 
 
 doublure* (Fr. typ. f.), 
 ornamental lining to a 
 book-cover. 
 
 .cfo«/cei/r* (Fr.f.),agratuity. 
 
 douche* (not ital.). 
 
 dough (naut.), a pudding, 
 use duff*. 
 
 Doukhobors, use Duk-. 
 
 douse*, to drench with 
 water {see also dowse). 
 
 douzaine (Fr. f.), dozen; 
 abbr. dzne. 
 
 dovecot*, not -cote. 
 
 Dovedale, Derby. 
 
 dow, use dhow*. 
 
 dowager, abbr. dow. 
 
 Down, Ireland. 
 
 DowTie (Viscount). 
 
 down /fall*, -stairs* (one 
 word). 
 
 dowse*, to use a divining 
 rod {see also douse). 
 
 doyen*, the senior member 
 of a society (not ital.). 
 
 d'oyl/ey, -ie, use doily*. 
 
 doze *, to sleep. 
 
 dozen/, -s, abbr. doz. 
 
 Dozent (Ger. m.), a uni- 
 versity teacher, not now 
 Doc- (cap.). 
 
 D.P. (law), Domus Procer- 
 utn (the House of Lords); 
 D.P.H., Diploma in 
 Public Health; D.Ph., 
 Doctor of Philosophy, 
 usually Ph.D. ; D.P.O., 
 
 Distributing Post Office ; 
 dpt., deponent. 
 
 D.K. (naut.), dead reckon- 
 ing. District Railway, 
 District Registry, (Ger.) 
 Deutsches Reich (German 
 Empire) ; Dr.*, debtor, 
 doctor ; dr., drachma (a 
 dram), dram, -s, drawer. 
 
 drachm, use dram*. 
 
 drachma/*, a dram, various 
 coins; pi. -s*, abbr. dr. 
 
 draft*, a deduction in 
 weighing, a military party, 
 a money order, a rough 
 sketch ; to draw off, to 
 sketch ; abbr. dft. {see also 
 draught). 
 
 draftsman*, one who 
 drafts documents {see also 
 draughtsman). 
 
 drag6e*, a sweetmeat con- 
 taining medicine, not -ge. 
 
 draggle-tail*, not daggle-. 
 
 dragoman/* ; />/. -s*, not 
 -men (not ital.). 
 
 dragonnade*, Fr. Protes- 
 tant persecution in 168 1, 
 not -onade, -oonade. 
 
 Dragoon Guards, abbr. 
 D.G. ; these are not 
 " Guardsmen." 
 
 draisine*, earliest bicycle, 
 1818, not -sene, -snene. 
 
 dram*, sixty grains, one 
 teaspoonful, sixty minims, 
 not drachm ; pi. -s, abbr. 
 dr., sign 5. 
 
 dramat/ic, -ist, abbr. 
 dram. 
 
 dramatis personsB*, abbr. 
 dram. pers. 
 
 dramatize*, not -ise. 
 
 draught*, act of drawing, 
 a take of fish, 20 lb. of 
 eels, act of drinking, a 
 dose, a vessel's depth in 
 water, a current of air, 
 liquor *'on draught" {see 
 also draft). 
 
 draughtsman*, one who 
 makes drawings, plans, 
 etc. {see also draftsman) . 
 
 drawback, abbr. dbk. 
 97 7 
 
DRAWER — DUMAS 
 
 dravsrer, abbr. dr. 
 
 drawiiig-rooin*(hyphen). 
 
 Dred Scott, U.S. law case. 
 
 Dreibund {der), the Triple 
 Alliance. 
 
 dressmaking, abbr. dress. 
 
 driblet*, not dribb-. 
 
 dri/er*, -est*, 6«/ dryly*. 
 
 drivell/er*, -iiig*(two/'s). 
 
 drizzling (naut.). abbr. d. 
 
 droit* (Fr. m.), moral and 
 legal right. 
 
 droite (Fr. f.), the right 
 hand ; abbr. d. 
 
 Drontheim, use Trond- 
 hjem. 
 
 dropped heads (typ.), 
 the first pages of chapters, 
 etc., beginning lower than 
 others. 
 
 droshky* (Russ.), a four- 
 wheeled vehicle, not -sky. 
 
 drought/*, -y *, aridity, not 
 drouth. 
 
 Drouyn de Lhuys (I.), 
 1805-81, Fr. statesman. 
 
 D.R.P., Deutsches Reichs- 
 patent (German patent) ; 
 Deutsche Reichspost (Ger. 
 Imperial post). 
 
 Druckf (Ger. typ. m.), a 
 proof; -er, a printer; 
 "febler, s. and pi., mis- 
 print. 
 
 Drumlea, Newtown 
 Stewart. 
 
 Drum lee, Co. Down. 
 
 Dr. Univ. Par., Doctor of 
 the University of Paris. 
 
 drunkenness*, «o^-eness. 
 
 Druse*, one of a Moham- 
 medan sect, not -ze. 
 
 dryasdust* (one word). 
 
 dryly*, 6«/ dri/er*, -est*. 
 
 cLs., days' sight, days after 
 sight ; D.Se., Doctor of 
 Science; D.S.O., Dis- 
 tinguished Service Order ; 
 d.S.p., decessit sine prole 
 (died without issue) ; 
 d.s.q., discharged to sick 
 quarters. 
 
 ^3,,domitius; at Cambridge, 
 a giaduate. 
 
 d.t., delirium tremens. 
 
 D.Ter., Dakota Territory; 
 oflSc. abbr. Dak. 
 
 D.Th., Doctor of Theology. 
 
 Du., Dutch. 
 
 du (typ.), as prefix to a 
 proper name, in accord- 
 ance with continental 
 practice, should not have 
 initial cap., as du Chatelet, 
 except when anglicized. 
 Signatures to be copied. 
 
 dualize*, not -ise. 
 
 Dual Monarchy (caps.). 
 
 dub., dubitans (doubting), 
 dubius (dubious). 
 
 du Barry (M. J. G. de V., 
 comtesse), 1746-93. 
 
 Dublin, abbr. Dubl. 
 
 Dubois - Reymond 
 (Emil), 1818-96, physiol- 
 ogist, «o/du Bois. 
 
 due (Fr. m.), Duke (not 
 cap.). 
 
 duces tecum*, a subpoena. 
 
 du ChaiUu (P. B.), 1837- 
 1904, traveller. 
 
 Duchesne, pron. dak'sn. 
 
 ductus, a duct ; pi. same. 
 
 duell/er*, -ing* (two Z's). 
 
 duel Jo* (It.), a duel. 
 
 duenna* (not ital.). 
 
 due puati (It. typ.), the 
 colon. 
 
 duff* (naut.), a pudding, 
 not dough. 
 
 Dugue8clin(B.), 1314-80, 
 Fr. soldier. 
 
 Duke, abbr. D. ; in Fr. 
 due (not cap.). 
 
 Duke of York's School, 
 soldiers' orphan asylum. 
 
 Dukhobors, Russian sect, 
 not Douk-. 
 
 Duleep Singh, not Dhu- 
 leep, Dulip. 
 
 dullness*, not dulness. 
 
 Dulong and Petit (law 
 of) (physics). 
 
 Dumas (Davy de la 
 Pailleterie — "Alex- 
 andre"), 1803-70, Fr. 
 writer ; — (Alexandre), 
 his son, 1824-95, also 
 
 98 
 
 ""^W^^ 
 
DUMAS — D.ZUG 
 
 writer ; Dumas (J. B.), 
 
 1800-84, chemist. 
 Du Maurier (George 
 
 L.P.B.), 1834-96, artist. 
 Dumbarton, not Dun-, 
 dumb-bell* (hyphen). 
 dumbfound/*, -ed*,-er*, 
 
 not clumf-. 
 dual sola (law), while 
 
 unmarried. 
 Dunblane, not Dum-. 
 dun cow* (Devon), a ray 
 
 fish. 
 Dunelm., signature Bp. of 
 
 Durham (full point). 
 dungaree*, coarse calico, 
 
 not -eree. 
 duniwassal* (Sc), a 
 
 Highland gentleman, not 
 
 dunni-. 
 Dunkirk, dep. Nord ; in 
 , Fr. Dunkerque. 
 Dunn (Sir W.), 1833-. 
 Dunne (Sir J.), 1835-. 
 Dunnottar Castle, Kin- 
 cardine (two «'s and i's). 
 Duns Scotus (Johan- 
 nes), 1265 or 1274-1308, 
 
 metaphysician. 
 duodecimo* (typ.), 7^2 x 
 
 4^/j in., abbr. 12mo (no 
 
 point). 
 Duodez (Ger. typ. n.), 
 
 i2mo. 
 Dupuytren (G., baron), 
 
 1777-1835, anatomist. 
 durchscbiessen (Ger. 
 
 typ. ), to lead or space ; 
 
 durcbscbossea, leaded 
 
 (type), interleaved 
 
 (books) ; DurcbschUsse, 
 
 leads; durcbseben, to 
 
 revise. 
 Diirer (Albrecht), 147 1- 
 
 1528, German painter ; 
 
 Dureresque*, his style, 
 duress*, constraint, «o/ -e. 
 Durham, abbr. Dur. 
 durrie, use dhurrie *. 
 Dussek (J. Ii.), 1 761-1812, 
 
 composer. 
 
 Diisseldorf, Germany. 
 Dutch/, abbr. Du. ; — 
 
 alphabet (typ.), same 
 
 as English. No accented 
 
 or marked letters, tj — 
 
 Eng. ^ ; — paper, van 
 
 G elder's, hand-made in 
 
 Holland, 
 duumvir/*, magistrate ; 
 
 Eng. pi. -s*. 
 dux (Lat.), a leader, pi. 
 
 duces ; dux gregis, 
 
 leader of the flock. 
 D.V.*, Deo volente (God 
 
 willing). 
 D.V.M. (U.S.A.), Doctor of 
 
 Veterinary Medicine. 
 Dvofdk (Antonin), 
 
 1841-1904, composer, 
 
 pron. dvor'zhek. 
 d.v.p., decessit vita patris 
 
 (died during his, or her, 
 
 father's lifetime). 
 Dwina, N. Russia, not 
 
 Dvina, Duna. 
 dwt., pennyweight, -s, 
 
 24 troy grains, not 
 
 pwt. 
 Dyak,of Borneo,«o/ Dayak. 
 dyeing*, 
 dygogram*, a magnetic 
 
 deviation curve, 
 dying*, 
 dyke, Ks^dike**. 
 Dymoke (F. S.), 1862-, 
 
 Eng. Sovereign's Cham- 
 pion, not Di-, Dimock, 
 
 Dymock. 
 dynamics, is singular ; 
 
 abbr. dyn. 
 djmamo/ *, pi. -s. 
 dyotheism, the doctrine 
 
 that there are two 
 
 gods. 
 Dysart (Earl o/), also 
 
 Desart. 
 D.Z., Doctor of Zoology. 
 dzne., douzaine (dozen). 
 D.-Zug (Ger. m.), Durch- 
 
 gang-Zug (a through 
 
 99 
 
D NOTES 
 
D NOTES 
 
 '01 
 
B. — fiCHALOTE 
 
 E 
 
 E., Earl, Earth, east, 
 Eastern postal district, 
 London, engineer, second- 
 class merchant ship at 
 Lloj'd's, (Roj-al Nax'y) 
 engineering, fifth in a 
 series, all proper names 
 with this initial. 
 
 E* (chem.), erbium. 
 
 e, eccentricity of ellipse, 
 (dyn.) coefficient of elast- 
 icity, (elec.) electromotive 
 force of cell. 
 
 e, or e (math.), base of Na- 
 pierian logarithms. 
 
 e (It., Port.), and. 
 
 i (Port.), is. 
 
 e (It.), is. 
 
 h (e grave accent), to be 
 used for the last syllable 
 of past tenses and parti- 
 ciples when that other- 
 wise mute syllable is to be 
 separately pronounced, 
 as, " Hence, loathed 
 melancholy ! " 
 
 each (gram.) must be fol- 
 lowed by verb and pro- 
 noun in sing., as " each 
 person knows his own 
 property." Abbr. ea. 
 
 eagre*, tidal wave, not-er. 
 
 E. & O. E.*, errors and 
 omissions excepted. 
 
 Earl, abbr. E. 
 
 earlier, correlative of later. 
 
 ear-ring* (hyphen). 
 
 Earth (the), abbr. E., 
 sign ©. 
 
 east, abbr. E. {see also 
 compass). 
 
 East End, London (caps.). 
 
 Easter Sunday*, first after 
 the calendar full moon 
 on, or next after, 21 
 March. 
 
 East Indies*, "include 
 Hindustan, Further India, 
 and the islands beyond" 
 (O.E.D.); abbr. E.I. 
 
 easy chair* (two words). 
 
 easygoing (one word). 
 
 eau^-de- Cologne*, — de- 
 vie* (hyphens) ; — 
 forte*, nitric acid, also 
 an etching; — -fortiste, 
 an etcher ; — BUQr§e, 
 sugar and water (not 
 ital.). 
 
 E.B., " Encyclopaedia Bri- 
 tannica." 
 
 E.B, (Ger.), Eisenbahn 
 (railway). 
 
 Eblis, not I-. 
 
 ebonize*, «o^-ise. 
 
 Ebor., Eboracum (York), 
 Eboracensis, signature of 
 Abp. of York (full 
 point). 
 
 E. b S., east-by-south. 
 
 eburnean*, like ivory, not 
 -ian. 
 
 E.G., Established Church, 
 Eastern - Central postal 
 district, London. 
 
 icart (Fr. m.), error. 
 
 6cart6*, a game of cards, 
 
 Ecce/ Homo*, ''Behold 
 the Man " ; — signum *, 
 here is the proof. 
 
 Ecele^echan, birthplace 
 of Carlyle, 4. 12. 1795. 
 
 Ecclesiastes, abbr. Ec- 
 cles. 
 
 ec3lesiastical/, abbr. 
 
 eccles. ; — signs : — 
 Maltese cros% »{4 used in 
 R.C. service books to 
 notify ''make the sign of 
 the cross," also before 
 signatures of certain R.C. 
 dignitaries ; Latin cross 
 ^ ; St. Andrew's cross X ; 
 in service books, '^L re- 
 sponse, f versicle, * 
 words to be intoned. 
 
 Eoclesiasticus, abbr. 
 
 E3ClUS. 
 
 Scbalote (Fr. f.), a shallot, 
 not esch-. 
 
ifiCHANTIIiliOlSr — EDITORIAL 
 
 6chantillon (Fr. m.), a 
 sample. 
 
 E3hegaray(Jos§), 1832-, 
 Sp. dramatist. 
 
 echelon* (mil.), a troop for- 
 mation (notital.,no accent). 
 
 echo/*, pi. -es*, not -os. 
 
 iciaircissement* (Fr.m.), 
 explanation. 
 
 6clat*, renown (not ital.). 
 
 economize*, «o/ -ise. 
 
 econom/y, -ical, -ios, 
 -ist, abbr. econ. 
 
 ScossaisI (Fr.), fetft. -e, 
 Scotch (not cap.); also 
 Scossaise*, a dance. 
 
 ecraseur*, surgical instru- 
 ment (no accent). • 
 
 Screvisse (Fr. f.), crayfish, 
 lobster. 
 
 ecru*, unbleached linen col- 
 our (no accent, not.ital.). 
 
 ecstasy*, not -cy, ex-. 
 
 ecstatic*, not extatic. 
 
 E.C.U., English Church 
 Union. 
 
 Ecuador, not Eq- ; abbr. 
 Ecua. 
 
 ecumenic/, -al, usecBOVL- *. 
 
 E.D.D., "English Dialect 
 Dictionary." 
 
 "Edda/"*, a collection of 
 Icelandic legends ; pi, -s. 
 
 Eddystone Lighthouse. 
 
 edelweiss*, Alpine plant. 
 
 edema/, -tous, use ced-*. 
 
 edge-bolt (binding), the 
 closed folds of a sheet as 
 shown in an uncut book. 
 
 edges (binding) : cir- 
 cuit — , covers turned 
 over to protect the edges 
 of the paper; cut — , the 
 three edges cut solid by 
 a cuttingmachine; gilt — , 
 the three edges cut solid 
 and gilt ; gilt-top — , top 
 edge cut solid and gilt, 
 others trimmed only ; 
 marbled — , all edges cut 
 solid, and stained like 
 marble ; opened — , cut 
 with a hand paper-knife; 
 red — , the cut edges col- 
 
 edges (binding) (cont.). 
 oured red and burnished 
 
 sprinkled 
 
 the cut 
 
 edges finely sprinkled 
 with colour; tooled — , 
 those with impressed de- 
 signs ; trimmed — , top 
 edge untouched, and in- 
 equalities only removed 
 from the others, the folds 
 are not opened ; uncut, 
 unopened, or untouch- 
 ed — , all edges quite un- 
 touched, being left as they 
 are folded ; white — , cut, 
 not coloured or gilt {see 
 also margins). 
 
 edge-tool*, not edged — . 
 
 edgeways*, not -y, -wise. 
 
 Edgeworth (Prof. F. Y.), 
 econ.; — (Maria), 1767- 
 1849, writer. 
 
 Edgware Hoad, London, 
 not Edge-. 
 
 edidit (Lat.), he, or she, 
 edited. 
 
 edile, useBd6Me*. 
 
 Edinburgh, abbr. Edin. 
 
 Edipus, use CE- *. 
 
 iditeur (Fr. m.), publisher, 
 not editor. 
 
 edition, abbr. ed. (see also 
 title pages). 
 
 Edition de luxe, a sump- 
 tuous edition (not ital.). 
 
 edition (limited), where a 
 smaller number than usual 
 of a book is printed. 
 Each copy should contain 
 a printed certificate some- 
 what as this : " 250 copies 
 of this book have been 
 printed, of which this 
 is No. — "( the number 
 being written in ink). 
 
 edltioj princeps, a first 
 printed edition; pi. -nes 
 principes, 
 
 editor, abbr. ed., pi. eds. ; 
 in Fr. m. directeur^ r6- 
 dacteur en cbef, or 
 gSrant 
 
 editorial*, newspaper art- 
 icle with the editor's views. 
 
 103 
 
EDITRESS — EIN 
 
 editress*, a fem. editor, uot 
 -toress. 
 
 Edmund, abbr. Edm. 
 
 E.D.S., English Dialect 
 Society. 
 
 educationist*, not -alist. 
 
 Edward, abbr. E., or Ed. 
 
 E.E., Early English, errors 
 excepted, (Ger.) Euer 
 EhrwUrden (your Rever- 
 ence). 
 
 ee (Sc), eye; pL sen. 
 
 E.E. & M.P., Envoy Ex- 
 traordinary and Minister 
 Plenipotentiary. 
 
 eerie*, weird, not -y. 
 
 E.E.T.S., Early English 
 Text Society. 
 
 effecter*, not -or. 
 
 Effendi*, Turkish title of 
 respect, not -dee. 
 
 eflauvi/um*, pi. -a* (not 
 ital.). 
 
 eflluxion*, «o/-ction. 
 
 e.g.*, exempli gratia (for 
 example) (I.e., not ital,, 
 preceded by comma). Use 
 " for example " rather 
 than e.g. 
 
 Sgare mentj {Fr.m.), error; 
 pi. 'S. 
 
 Eginhard, use Ein-. 
 
 egis, use se-*. 
 
 egotize*, to act egotistic- 
 ally, not -ise. 
 
 egret*, the lesser white 
 heron {seealso aigrette*). 
 
 Egypt/, -ian, abbr. Egy. ; 
 — Exploration Fund, 
 not Egyptian . 
 
 egyptian* (typ.), a type 
 with thick stems, 
 as this. 
 
 Egyptian pound, in Eng. 
 ;^i. OS. 6i/,d. ; abbr. £E. 
 
 Egyptienne (Ger. typ. f.), 
 same type as "English." 
 
 Egyptolog/ist, -y, abbr. 
 Egyptol. 
 
 eh (typ.), when exclama- 
 tion, to be followed by 
 exclamation point ; when 
 question, by note of in- 
 terrogation. 
 
 E.H.P., electrical horse- 
 power. 
 
 Ehrenbreitstein, on the 
 Rhine, not -enstein. 
 
 E.I., East India, -n, -ies. 
 
 -ei-, in words, the pronun- 
 ciation of which does not 
 imply thespelling:— being, 
 ceiling, conceit, conceive, 
 counterfeit, cuneiform, de- 
 ceit, deceive, deign, eider, 
 eidograph, eight, eighth 
 (etc.), eirenicon, either, 
 feign, feint, foreign, for- 
 feit, freight, heifer, heigh- 
 ho, height, heinous, heir, 
 -ess, inveigh, inveigle, 
 
 • kaleidoscope, leisure, 
 
 meiosis, neigh, -hour, 
 -bourhood, neither, non- 
 pareil, obeisance, perceive, 
 plebeian, receipt, receive, 
 reign, reindeer, reins, 
 Seidlitz, seigneur, seize, 
 skein, sleight, sovereign, 
 surfeit, their, tireing, veil, 
 vein, weigh, -t, weir, weird 
 {see also -ie-). 
 
 E.I.C., East 'India Com- 
 pany. 
 
 eiconic, use iconic *. 
 
 E.I.C.S., East India Civil 
 Service; frequently I.C.S. 
 
 eidol/on*, a phantom ; pi. 
 -a*. 
 
 Eifel Mountains, Ger. 
 
 Eiffel/ (A. G.), 1 832-, Fr. 
 engineer ; — Tower, 
 Paris. 
 
 eighteenmo* (typ.), deci- 
 mo-octavo, abbr. ISmo 
 (no point) ; demylSmo, 
 about 6 X 3^/4 in. 
 
 eigret/, -te, use aigrette* 
 (see also egret). 
 
 eikon, use icon*. 
 
 " Eikon Basilike,** a 
 work of Charles I (?). 
 
 einbringen (Ger. typ.), 
 to put a word into the 
 preceding line. 
 
 ein Drittel (Ger.), one- 
 third ; (typ.) thick space, 
 one-third em. 
 
 104 
 
EINHARD — ELLIOT 
 
 Einhard, 770-840, writer, 
 not Egin-. 
 
 Einleitung (Ger. typ. f.), 
 introduction. 
 
 eirenicon*, a peace pro- 
 posal, not ir-. 
 
 Eisteddfod/*, a congress 
 of bards ; pron. ice-teth'- 
 vod, pi. -au. 
 
 either (gram.), correctly 
 used for two only and 
 must be followed by verb 
 and pronoun in sing., as 
 "either is to be taken." 
 Correlative or, not nor. 
 
 ejUSdemKLsit. ),of the same, 
 abbr. ejusd. ; — generis ^ 
 of the same kind. 
 
 El (Heb.), God. 
 
 el (Sp. m.), the. 
 
 el (Sp.), he. 
 
 Elagabalus, not Helio-. 
 
 elan*, dash, spirit(notital.). 
 
 elater/*, not -or ; pi. -s. 
 
 Elburz (Mount), Cauca- 
 sus, not -ruz. 
 
 elchee* (Turk.), an am- 
 bassador, not -i, eltchi. 
 
 Elder Brethren of Trinity 
 House (caps.). 
 
 El Dorado*, the golden 
 land (two words, not ital.). 
 
 elec, electricity, electrical, 
 electuary. 
 
 elector*, not -er. 
 
 electress*, wo/-toress. 
 
 electrocute, to carry out 
 a death sentence by elec- 
 tricity. 
 
 electrolier*, a cluster of 
 electric lamps (not ital.). 
 
 electrolyze*, not -yse. 
 
 electro/meter*, electricity 
 measurer ; -motive * ; 
 -motor*, electric loco- 
 motive (one word). 
 
 electrotype* (one word) ; 
 abbr. electro (no point). 
 
 electuary, abbr. elec. 
 
 eleemosynary*,charitable. 
 
 SlSgantl (Fr.), a fashion- 
 able man ; /em. -e*. 
 
 elegist*, writer of an 
 elegy, not -giast. 
 
 eleme*, a dried fig (not 
 ital., no accent). 
 
 elementary, abbr. elem. 
 
 elements (chemical), no 
 point after symbols ; see 
 also under each name. 
 
 elemi*, a resin. 
 
 elench/us* (logic), pi. -i*. 
 
 elenctic/*, of refutation, 
 not -chtic. 
 
 elephanta*, a violent 
 storm, not -er (not ital.). 
 
 elephant-paper*, 28x23 
 in. ; double ditto*, 40 x 
 26^/4 in. 
 
 elevator*, not -er. 
 
 6lhve (Fr. m. and f.), a 
 pupil, scholar. 
 
 elf*, a sprite ; pi. elves*. 
 
 Elgin Marbles (caps.). 
 
 Elia, pen-name of Charles 
 Lamb, 1775-1834. 
 
 eligible*, «o/ -able. 
 
 Eliogabalus, use Ela-. 
 
 Eliot, fam. name of Earl ot 
 St. Germans; — (Sir 
 C. N. E.), 1864- ; — 
 (George), 1819-80, pen- 
 name of Mary Ann, or 
 Marian, Evans; — (Sir 
 John), 1839-, F.R.S.(sf^ 
 also E11-). 
 
 Eliott(Qeneral George), 
 1779-83, defender of Gib- 
 raltar; — (Sir W. F. A.), 
 1827- {see also Eliot, 
 E11-). 
 
 elision (typ.), suppression 
 of a vowel or syllable, as 
 e'en for even. In Eng. 
 generally and Fr. always, 
 letters to be close up. In 
 Gr., It, Lat, Sp. to be 
 spaced {see also ellip- 
 sis). 
 
 elisor* (law), one who 
 selects a jury. 
 
 6lite* (Fr. f.), a select part 
 (not ital.). 
 
 elixir* (not ital.). 
 
 Elizabeth, abbr. Eliz. 
 
 Ellichpur, Ind., not Ilich-. 
 
 Elliot, fam. name of Earl of 
 Minto; — (SirA.J.H.), 
 
 105 
 
ELLIOT — EMERITUS 
 
 i825-;EUiot(SirE.L.), 
 1850- ; — (Sir George), 
 1867- ; — (Sir H. G.), 
 1817-, P.C. ; — (Sir H. 
 G.), 1826-, K.C.M.G. 
 EUiott (Sir C. A.), 1835- ; 
 
 — (Sir C. B.), 1841- ; 
 
 — (Sir T. H.), 1854- {see 
 also Eli-). 
 
 ellips/is*, the omission of 
 words, pi. -es* ; (typ.) 
 three periods {not aster- 
 isks) separated by em 
 quads (en in narrow 
 measures) are sufficient 
 to mark omissions in all 
 cases. When the pre- 
 ceding sentence has been 
 brought to a close, four 
 should be used ; the first 
 to be close up ; not illi- 
 {see also elision), 
 eloge*, an oration (no ac- 
 cent, not ital.) ; in Fr. 
 m. iloge. 
 Elohim * ( Heb. ), the Deity, 
 eloin* (law), to abscond, 
 
 not -gn. 
 E. long., east longitude. 
 Elsass-Lothringen, Ger. 
 for Fr. Alsace-Lor- 
 raine, now the Reichs- 
 land. 
 Elsinore, Dan. for Hel- 
 
 singor. 
 elucidator*, not -er. 
 ;filys6e palace, Paris. 
 Elysium* (cap., not ital.). 
 elytr/on*, a covering ; pi. 
 
 -a* (not ital.). 
 Elzevir type *, a style of type 
 condensed or compressed in 
 appearance, as this. 
 E.M.,EarlMarshal,£"^M«V«m 
 Magister (Master of the 
 Horse). 
 Em., Emmanuel, Emily, 
 
 Emma, 
 em/ (typ.), the unit of meas- 
 urement, the square of 
 the body of any size of 
 type ; — quad^ a space 
 used after each period and 
 before the first word of 
 
 new paragraph; em rule, 
 5^<? punctuation, IX. 
 embalmment* (3 m's). 
 embank*, not im-. 
 embargo/*, «o/im- ; pi. -es 
 
 (not ital.). 
 embarkation*/^©/- cation, 
 embarras* (noun). 
 embarras des richesses 
 (Fr.), a superfluity of good 
 things. 
 embarrass* (verb). 
 embassador*, used only 
 
 in America, 
 embassy*, «o/am-. 
 embathe*, not im-. 
 embed/*, -ded*, -ding*, 
 
 not im-. 
 embezzlement*, not 
 
 -Iment. 
 embitter*, «o/ im-. 
 emblaz/e*, -onry *, «o/ im-. 
 emblematize*, not -ise. 
 emblossom*, not im-. 
 embod/y*, -ied*, -ier*, 
 
 -iment*, not im-. 
 embolden*, not im-. 
 embonpoint* (Fr. m.), 
 
 plump, plumpness. 
 embosom*, not im-. 
 emboss*, not im-, 
 embouchement*, a river- 
 mouth. 
 embouchure* (mus.), 
 
 mouthpiece (not ital.). 
 embound*, not im-. 
 embowelled*, not -eled. 
 embower*, not im-. 
 embrangle*, not im-. 
 embrasure*, not -zure. 
 embroglio, ttse im- *. 
 embroil*, not im-. 
 embrue, use im- *. 
 embrute, use im-*. 
 embryo*, />/. -s. 
 embue, use im- *. 
 E.M.D.P., electromotive 
 
 difierence of potential. 
 emend*, to remove errors. 
 emerald (typ.),atvpeasthis 
 
 about six and a half point, 128 
 lines to the foot. 
 
 emerit/us *, honourably re- 
 tired ; pi. -i. 
 
 106 
 
EMEU — END 
 
 emeu, use emu*. 
 
 imeute* (Fr. f.), insur- 
 rection. 
 
 E.M.F., electromotive force. 
 
 SmigrjS* (Fr. ),/eM. -Se, an 
 emigrant. 
 
 Emir, use Ameer*. 
 
 E.M.K. (Ger.), elekfro- 
 motorische Kraft (electro- 
 motive force). 
 
 Emmanuel/ College, 
 Cambridge ; — III, King 
 of Italy (two w's). 
 
 Emp., Emperor, Empress. 
 
 empsBStie*, embossed, not 
 -estic. 
 
 empair, use im- *. 
 
 empale, use im-*. 
 
 empanel/ *, to enrol* ; 
 -led*, -ling*, «o/ im-. 
 
 empassion, use im- *. 
 
 Emperor/, abbr. Emp.; — 
 of Germany, use Ger- 
 man Emperor. 
 
 emphas/is*, pi. -es*. 
 
 emphasize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 empicture*, not im-. 
 
 empierc/e*, -ing*, «o/im-. 
 
 emplacement* (not ital.). 
 
 em-ploy j6*, frequently em- 
 ployee (no accent), fern. 
 -6e * ; pi. -6s, fetn. -6es 
 (not ital.). 
 
 empori/um*, pi. -a. 
 
 etnpressiS (Fr.),/^w. -6e, 
 keen, eager. 
 
 empressement* (Fr. m.), 
 eagerness. 
 
 emprise*, not -ize. 
 
 emptiness*, not -tyness. 
 
 emptor*, a purchaser. 
 
 empyreum/a*, the^burnt' ' 
 smell of organic matter, 
 not -ruma ; pi. -ata*. 
 
 emu*, not emeu. 
 
 emulator*, not -er. 
 
 en/ (typ.), half the width of 
 an em ; — quad, a space 
 usually inserted after a 
 colon, semicolon, note of 
 exclamation, and of inter- 
 rogation, when not ending 
 a sentence ; — rule (see 
 punctuation, XII). 
 
 enactor*, not -er. 
 
 en amateur (Fr.), like an 
 
 amateur. 
 enamell/ed*, -er*, -ing*, 
 
 -ist*, not -eler, etc. 
 enamorato, use in-*. 
 enj arrihre (Fr.), behind ; 
 
 — attendant, mean- 
 while ; — avant, for- 
 ward ; — bloCf in the 
 mass ; — bon fran^ais, 
 without mincing matters ; 
 
 — cachette, in hiding. 
 Encsenia*, Commemora- 
 tion at Oxford, not -cenia 
 (not ital.). 
 
 encage*, not in-. 
 
 encase*, not in-. 
 
 enceinte*, pregnant, an 
 enclosure (not ital.). 
 
 enchase *, not in-. 
 
 enchhre (Fr. f.), auction. 
 
 en cbeveux (Fr.), (of a 
 woman) bare-headed. 
 
 enchiridi/on*, handbook 
 or manual ; pi. -a (not * 
 ital.). 
 
 enclasp*, not in-. 
 
 enclave *, territory sur- 
 rounded by foreign do- 
 minions. 
 
 encloister*, not in-. 
 
 enclose *, not in-. 
 
 en cceur (Fr.), heart- 
 shaped. 
 
 encomium/*, a eulogy ; 
 pi. -s (not ital.). 
 
 encore*, again (not ital.). 
 
 encouragement*, not 
 -gment. 
 
 encroach*, not in-, 
 
 encrust*, not in-. 
 
 encrystal, use in-*. 
 
 encumber*, not in-. 
 
 encyclop8Bd/ia*, -iac*, 
 -iacal*, -ial*, -ian*, 
 -ic*, -ical*, -ism*, 
 -ist*, -ize*, not -pedia ; 
 abbr. ency. 
 
 "Encyclopaedia Britan- 
 nica," abbr. Ency. Brit. 
 
 end a break (typ.), in 
 composing, to fill up last 
 line with quads. 
 
 107 
 
JUJNUJUMIfIFY — EN HESUME 
 
 endenin/ify,-ity, use in-*. 
 endent/, -ure, use in- *. 
 enj dernier ressort (Fr.), 
 as a last resource ; — 
 deshabilli, in undress; 
 — deux mots, to cut a 
 long story short. 
 end even (typ.), in com- 
 posing, the last word of 
 a ''take" of copy to end 
 a full line : opposed to 
 "end a break." 
 endite^ use in-*. 
 endleaves(typ.), the blank 
 fly-leaves at the beginning 
 and end of a book. 
 endors/e*, -able*, -ee*, 
 
 -er*, -ement*, uoi in-. 
 end papers, see end 
 
 leaves, 
 endu/e*, -able*, -ing*, 
 
 noi in-. 
 endiir/e*, -able*, -ed*, 
 
 -er* -ing*, «o/in-. 
 endways*, mo/ -wise. 
 •Endymion, Gr. legend. 
 E.N.E., east-north-east 
 
 {see also COmpass). 
 en Scbelle (Fr.), ladder- 
 like. 
 Eneid, use .^neid*. 
 enema/*, an injection ; pi. 
 
 -s* (not ital.). 
 energize*, «o/ -ise. 
 en famille (Fr.), with one's 
 
 family. 
 enfant gatS (Fr. m.), spoilt 
 
 child. 
 enfants perdus (mil.), 
 
 forlorn hope. 
 enfeeblement *. 
 enfeoff*, «o/-fief. 
 en f&te (Fr.), in festivity ; 
 enfin, finally (one word) ; 
 enj fin de cowpte, when 
 all is told ; — flagrant 
 dSlit, in the very act. 
 enfold*, noi in-, 
 enforce/*, -able*, «o/in-. 
 enfranchis/e*, -able*, 
 -ement*, -ing*, not -izc. 
 Eng., England, English. 
 eng., engineer, -ing, en- 
 graved, -er, -ing. 
 
 Engadine, Switz. ; in Ger. 
 
 Engadin. 
 engagement*, «o/-gment. 
 en gar^on (Fr.), as a 
 
 bachelor. 
 engineer, -ing, abbr. E., 
 
 or eng. 
 Engl/and, -ish, abbr. 
 
 Eng. 
 
 English* (typ.), a 
 
 fourteen-point type, as 
 first line above, sixty-four 
 lines to the foot. Used in 
 Scotland for legal reports. 
 
 English translation, 
 abbr. E.T. 
 
 engorgement *, noi 
 
 -gment. 
 
 engraft*, not in-. 
 
 engrain *, not in-. 
 
 en grandej tenue, or — 
 — toilette (Fr.), in full 
 dress ; en grand sei- 
 gneur, magnificently. 
 
 engrav/ed, -er, -ing, abbr. 
 eng. 
 
 engroove*, not in-. 
 
 engross*, not in-. 
 
 engulf*, not in-, -gulph. . 
 
 enherit, use in- *. 
 
 enigma/, pi. -s. 
 
 enisle*, not in-. 
 
 enlargement*, «o/-gment. 
 
 en masse * (Fr.), in a bodj'. 
 
 enmesh*, not emm-, imm-. 
 
 Enniskillen, Ireland ; — 
 (Earl of), but Innis- 
 killing Dragoons and 
 Fusiliers. 
 
 ennui *, boredom (not ital. ). 
 
 ennuy/e *, /^w. -ie, bored 
 (not ital.). 
 
 enoculate, use in- *. 
 
 enj passant* (Fr.), by the 
 way ; — petit, on a small 
 scale ; — plein jOur, in 
 broad daylight; —pr/nce, 
 in princely style. 
 
 enquete (Fr. f.), inquiry, 
 
 enquir/e, -y, use in- *. 
 
 enj rapport* (Jr.), in sym- 
 pathy ; — rbgle, as it 
 should be; —rSsumS, to 
 
 1 08 
 
EW KEVANCHE — ENWREATHE 
 
 sum up ; en revanche, 
 
 in revenge. 
 
 enrol/*, -led*, -ler*, -ling*, 
 -ment*, mo^ enroll, inroll. 
 
 en route* (Fr.), on the way. 
 
 en rule (typ.) (-), see 
 punctuation, XII. 
 
 ens* (Lat.), an entity; pi. 
 entia*. 
 
 ensconce*, not in-. 
 
 ensculpture, use in-*. 
 
 enseigne (Fr. m.), mid- 
 shipman ; (f.) signboard. 
 
 ensemble*, general effect 
 (not ital.). 
 
 ensheath*, not -the. 
 
 ensilage* (not ital.). 
 
 ensnare/*, -ment*, wo/ in-. 
 
 en somme (Fr.), in the 
 main. 
 
 ensoul*, not in-. 
 ' enstall, use install*. 
 
 ensuing*, not -eing. 
 
 en suite* (Fr.), to match. 
 
 ensure*, to make safe {see 
 also assurance, insur- 
 ance). 
 
 enswathe*, not in-. 
 
 en fa6//er(Fr.), apron-like. 
 
 entailed* estate, not in-. 
 
 entente] (Fr. f.), meaning ; 
 — cordiale, cordial un- 
 derstanding; — {un mot 
 k double), a word, or 
 phrase, with two mean- 
 ings, />/. mots d double 
 entente, not entendre. 
 
 enteric* (not ital.). 
 
 enterpose, use in- *. 
 
 enterpret, use in- *. 
 
 enterprise*, not -ize. 
 
 entStjS (Fr.),/em. -6e, in- 
 fatuated, obstinate. 
 
 enthral/*, -led*, -ler*, 
 -ling*, -ment*, not in-, 
 -thrall. 
 
 entitle*, but intitule*. 
 
 entomology,abbr. entom. 
 
 entourage*, surroundings 
 (not ital.). 
 
 entozo/on*, internal para- 
 site; pi. -a* (not ital.). 
 entr'acte!*, the interval 
 between two acts ; pi. -s. 
 
 entrain*, heartiness (not 
 ital.), also to put in a rail- 
 way train. 
 
 en train (Fr.), in progress. 
 
 entrap/*, -ped*, -ping*, 
 not in-. 
 
 entreat*, not in-. 
 
 entrecote (Fr. cook, m.), 
 the "undercut." 
 
 entre deuxj (Fr.), betwixt 
 
 and between two ; 
 
 feux, between two fires ; 
 vins, half-drunk. 
 
 entree*, a made dish (not 
 ital). 
 
 entrefitet (Fr. typ. m.), a 
 short paragraph. 
 
 entremets*, side dishes 
 (not ital.). 
 
 entrench*, not in-. 
 
 entre] nous (Fr.), con- 
 fidentially ; — quatre 
 yeux, between ourselves. 
 
 entrepdt*, a mart (not 
 ital.). 
 
 entrepreneur * (mus.), a 
 contractor. 
 
 entresalle *, an te - ro om 
 (not ital.). 
 
 entresol*, a story between 
 ground -floor and first- 
 floor (not ital.). 
 
 entrust*, not in-. 
 
 Ent. Sta. Hall, Entered at 
 Stationers' Hall. • 
 
 entwine*, not in-. 
 
 entTvist*, not in-. 
 
 enunciat/e*, -or*. 
 
 enure (law), but use in-*. 
 
 enveigh, use in-*. 
 
 enveigle, use in- *. 
 
 en vilin (Fr.), in vellum. 
 
 envelop/* (verb), -ed*, 
 -ment. 
 
 envelope* (noun). 
 
 en virit6 (Fr.), in truth. 
 
 envoy ]6 (Fr.), /em. -Se, a 
 messenger. 
 
 en wall*, not in-. 
 
 en weave, use in- *. 
 
 enwind*, not in-. 
 
 enwrap/*, -ped*, -ping*, 
 not in-. 
 
 enwreathe*, not in-. 
 109 
 
EOCEKIS — ERa 
 
 Eocene (cap., not ital). 
 
 eoj instanti (Lat.), at that 
 instant; — nomine, un- 
 der that name. 
 
 eolian, etc., use 8BO-*. 
 
 eon, use aeon*. 
 
 e.O.O.e, (Fr.), erreur on 
 omission exceptee (error or 
 omission excepted). 
 
 "Eothen," by Kinglake. 
 
 Eotvos (J., baron), 1813- 
 71, Hungarian writer. 
 
 epaulet*, mo/ -ette. 
 
 Sperduj (Fr.),/etM. -e, dis- 
 tracted. 
 
 epergne* (not ital, no 
 accent). 
 
 6perlans (Fr. m.), smelts. 
 
 ifipernay, Fr. white wine. 
 
 Eph., Ephesians, Ephraim. 
 
 ephah*, Heb. measure, not 
 epha. 
 
 ephemer/a*, same as -on; 
 pi. -SB* (not ital.). 
 
 ephemer/is *, a calendar ; 
 pi. -ides*. 
 
 ephemer/on *,/>/. -a* (not 
 ital.). 
 
 Ephesians, abbr. Eph. 
 
 ephpbaiba (Aram.), "Be 
 opened." 
 
 6pi (Fr. m.), roof finial (not 
 ital.). 
 
 ^pice (Fr. f.), spice. 
 
 epicentnim *, of earth- 
 quake. 
 
 epideictic *, adapted for 
 display, not -ktic. 
 
 epigram/*, a pointed 
 saying; pi. -S (not ital.). 
 
 ipigramme* (Fr. cook, f.), 
 small cutlets, etc. (ital.). 
 
 Spinard (Fr. m.), spinach. 
 
 epiornis, use sepy-. 
 
 Epiphany, abbr. Epiph. 
 
 episcopal, abbr. episc. 
 
 epithalami/um *, a nuptial 
 song ; pi. -a*. 
 
 epitheU/um *, pi. -a. 
 
 epitomize*, not -ise. 
 
 epizo/on* (zool.), pi. -a*. 
 
 e pluribus unum (Lat.), 
 many made one (motto of 
 U.S.A.). 
 
 eppur si muove (It.), and 
 
 yet it moves ; e pur si — 
 often used. 
 
 ipreuvej (Fr. typ. f.), a 
 proof ; — d' artiste, art- 
 ist's proof. 
 
 iprisj (Fr.), fern, -e, en- 
 amoured. 
 
 6prouvette*, gunpowder 
 tester. 
 
 Epsom-salt*, not salts 
 
 (hyphen). 
 
 SpuisjS (Fr.), /em. -ee, 
 exhausted ; (typ.) out of 
 print. 
 
 eq., equal. 
 
 Equador, use Ecu-. 
 
 equal/ to (no longer with) ; 
 -led*, -ling*. 
 
 equaliz/e*, -ation*. 
 
 equal mark (typ.), = (a 
 hair-space before and 
 after). 
 
 equanimity*, not "of 
 mind." 
 
 Equator/, -ial, abbr. Eq. 
 
 equerry*, not -ery. 
 
 equestri/an *,/em.-ejine*. 
 
 equiangular, sign X.. 
 
 equilateral, sign _L. 
 
 equinoctial*, not -xial. 
 
 equinox/*, pi. -es*. 
 
 equisetum/* (bot.), pi. 
 -S* (not ital.). 
 
 equivalent, abbr. equiv. 
 
 equivocator*, not -er. 
 
 equivoque* (not ital). 
 
 E.R., Eduardus Rex (King 
 Edward). 
 
 E.R.A. (R. Navy), Engine- 
 room Artificer. 
 
 Eragny Press, of L. 
 Pissarro. 
 
 erbium, symbol Er*. 
 
 Erckmann - Chatrian, 
 two Fr. writers colla- 
 borating from 1848-70. 
 
 erector*, not -er. 
 
 erethism* (path.), excite- 
 ment, not ery-. 
 
 E. K. et I., Eduardus Rex 
 et Imperaior {EdwardKing 
 and Emperor). 
 
 erg*, unit of work (notital). 
 
 110 
 
ERGO — E.T.C. 
 
 ergo* (Lat.), therefore 
 
 (ital.). 
 Erichsen (Sir J. E.), 
 
 1818-96, surgeon. 
 Ericsson (John), 1802- 
 
 89, engineer. 
 Eros, god of love; pi. 
 
 Erotes. 
 erpetolog/y, -ist, use h- *. 
 errat/um*, //. -a* (not 
 
 ital.). 
 erstens (Ger.), in the first 
 
 place ; erstgeboreii, 
 
 first-born, 
 erysipelas* (not ital.). 
 erythism, use ere- *. 
 Erzertim, Turk. Armenia, 
 
 not -oum, -um. 
 E.S. (paper), engine-sized. 
 escalop, use scallop*, 
 escarp/*, -ment*, a steep 
 
 slope, not -pe. 
 eschalot, use shallot*, 
 escheator*, not -er. 
 Eschscholtzia* (hot.), 
 
 pron. e-sh5lt'se-a. 
 Escorial, Spain, not Escu-. 
 escritoire*, not -oir (not 
 
 ital.). 
 Esculap/ius, -ian, use 
 
 ^-. 
 escutcheon*, plate for 
 
 keyhole, etc., not scut-. 
 Esdras, not to be abbre- 
 viated. 
 E. S. E., east-south-east 
 
 (see also compass). 
 Eskimo/, not Esquimaux; 
 
 pi. -s. 
 esophag/us, -eal, use 
 
 ces-*. 
 esp., especially, 
 espagnolette*, French- 
 
 windov^r fastening, 
 espalier*, a lattice- work, a 
 
 trained fruit-tree(not ital.). 
 especially, abbr. esp. 
 Esperanto, new universal 
 
 language. 
 espi6gl/e*(Fr.),frolicsome ; 
 
 -erie*, -ness (not ital.). 
 espionage* (not ital.). 
 espressivo* (It. mus.), 
 
 with expression, not ex-. 
 
 esprit/* (Fr. m.), genius, 
 wit ; — de corps*, respect 
 for a society by its mem- 
 
 . bers ; — fort*, a strong- 
 minded person,/"/, esprits 
 forts* (not ital.). 
 
 Esquimau, Vancouver, 
 not -ault. 
 
 Esquimaux, ws^ Eskimo. 
 
 Esquire, abbr. Esq.* ; J. 
 Smith, jun., Esq., not 
 Esq., jun. 
 
 esquisse* (Fr. f.), a sketch. 
 
 ess*, name of the letter s ; 
 pi. esses*. 
 
 ess., essences. 
 
 essays (typ.), cited titles 
 to be roman double- 
 quoted ; caps, as in title. 
 
 Essouan, use Assuan. 
 
 established, abbr. est. 
 
 Established Church 
 (caps.) ; abbr. E.G. 
 
 estamin*, a woollen fabric, 
 not et-. 
 
 estaminet* ( Fr.m.), a cafe. 
 
 estancija* (Sp.-Amer.), a 
 cattle farm ; -ero *, its 
 keeper. 
 
 Esterhazyde Qalantha, 
 Hungarian family. 
 
 esthet/e, -ic, use aes-*. 
 
 estimator*, not -er. 
 
 estiv/al, -ation, use aBS- *. 
 
 esto perpetua I (Lat.), 
 may it endure for ever! 
 
 estoppel* i,law), «o/-ple. 
 
 estrangement*, not 
 
 -gment. 
 
 esturgeon (Fr. m.), stur- 
 geon. 
 
 E.T., electric telegraph, 
 English translation. 
 
 Stage (Fr. m.), floor ; Sta- 
 gbre* (f.), a piece of 
 furniture. 
 
 et alibi (Lat.), and else- 
 where ; abbr. et at, 
 
 et alii (Lat.), and others; 
 abbr. et at., not et als. 
 
 Stat-major (Fr. m.), a 
 staff" of military officers. 
 
 E.T.C, Eastern Telegraph 
 Co. 
 
ET CETERA — E V VIVA 
 
 et cetera* (not ital.), abbr, 
 etc., or See. ; (typ.) abbre- 
 viate in bookwork to 
 "etc."; no comma be- 
 tween "etc. etc." or "&c 
 &c.," a duplication to be 
 avoided. 
 
 etceteras*, extras, sun- 
 dries (one word). 
 
 6t6 (Fr. ),been,(m. ) summer. 
 
 eth, the Anglo-Saxon D, S 
 (distinguish from "thorn " 
 
 ether*, medium filling all 
 
 space, not ae-. 
 ethereal/*, -ity*, -ly*, 
 
 not -ial. 
 etherializ/e*, -ation*, 
 
 not -ise. 
 etherize*, to convert into 
 
 ether, not -ise. 
 ethnolog/y, -ical, abbr. 
 
 ethnol. 
 etiology, use 8B-*. 
 etiquette* (not ital.). 
 Etna, Sicily, not JE-. 
 Stolle (Fr. typ. f.), asterisk. 
 et sequenjs, and the fol- 
 lowing ; abbr. et seq.y 
 
 pi. teSf abbr. et sqq. 
 
 itude] (Fr. f.), a study ; — 
 
 de concert (mus.), study 
 
 of exceptional value. 
 6tui*, case for small articles, 
 
 not etwee (not ital.). 
 etuvSe (Fr. cook, f.), stew. 
 etymologize *, to trace the 
 
 etymology of, not -ise. 
 etyTQolog/y, -ical, 
 
 -ically, -ist ; abbr. 
 
 etym. 
 etymon*, a root- word. 
 E.U., Evangelical Union, 
 eucalypt/us* (bot), pi. 
 
 -i*. 
 euchre*, a card game, not 
 
 eucre. 
 Euclid (cap.) 
 eudemon/*, a good angel ; 
 
 -ize*, not eudae-. 
 Euer {Ger. m.', your ; abbr. 
 
 Ew. 
 Eugdne, French Christian 
 
 pame (d). 
 
 Eugenie (Empress), 
 
 widow of Napoleon III 
 
 (6). 
 eulogium/*, eulogy;//, -s. 
 eulogize*, not -ise. 
 eulogy (a, not an). 
 euphem/ism* (a, «o/an), 
 
 -istic*, -istical* ; abbr. 
 
 euphem. 
 euphemize*, Ko/-ise. 
 euphonize*, «o/-ise. 
 euphony (a, not an). 
 euphroe* (a, not an) 
 
 (naut.), a crowfoot, not 
 
 uphroe, uvrow. 
 euphuism *. 
 " Euphues " *, by Lyly. 
 euraquilo *, a N. E. Levant 
 
 wind, not euro-aquilo. 
 Eure-et-Loir, Fr. dep-, 
 
 not Loire. 
 
 Eureka *, I have found [it] ! 
 
 not Heu- (not ital.). 
 Europe, abbr. Eur. 
 European (a, not an); 
 
 abbr. Eur. 
 europeanize*, not -ise. 
 evadable*, «o/-ible. 
 evangel*, not -ile. 
 Evangelical Union, abbr. 
 
 E.U. 
 evangelize*, «o/-ise. 
 evaporimeter*, not -om- 
 
 eter. 
 evaporize*, «o/ -ise. 
 Sv^nement (Fr. m.), event, 
 even pages (tj'p.), the left- 
 hand, or verso, pages, 
 
 those usually bearing the 
 
 even numbers, 2, 4, etc. 
 evens.caps. (typ.), s.caps. 
 
 without cap. initials. 
 every must be followed by 
 
 verb and pronoun in sing., 
 
 as " every bird tn'es to 
 
 protect its young." 
 every/body*, -day* (one 
 
 word). 
 every one* (two words). 
 every^/thing *, -way *, 
 
 -where* (one word). 
 evoivable*, not -ible. 
 ewlva* (It), shout of 
 
 applause. 
 
EWE — EX. 
 
 ewe/, -r (a, not an"). 
 Ewigkeit{GcT.i.),et&rmiy. 
 ex* (Lat.), outof (notital.). 
 ex., examined, example, 
 
 exchange, excursion, exe- 
 cuted, executive, 
 exactor *, not -er. 
 exaggeration, in Fr. f. 
 
 exag^r-. 
 exalter*, not -or. 
 examined, abbr. ex. 
 examplar, use exem-*. 
 example, abbr. ex. ; in 
 
 Fr. m. exem pie. 
 ex animo * (Lat.), heartily, 
 exasperator*, not -er. 
 Exc., Excellency. 
 exc, excellent, except, -ed, 
 
 -tion, excudit (he, or she, 
 
 engraved it). 
 Excalibur *, Kin g Arthur's 
 
 sword, not -bar, -hour (not 
 
 ital.). 
 ex capite (Lat.), from 
 
 memory. 
 ex cathedra * (Lat.) {not 
 
 -a), with authority ; pron. 
 
 — ka-the'dra (O.E.D.) 
 
 (not ital.). 
 excavator*, not-er. 
 excellence/ *, superiority ; 
 
 pi. -s, not -cies. 
 Excellenc/y, pi. -ies (per- 
 sons), abbr. Exc. 
 excellent, abbr. exc. 
 except/, -ed, -ion, abbr. 
 
 exc. ; -er*, not -or. 
 excerpt/ *, an extract ; pi. 
 
 -a*, 
 exchange, abbr. ex., or 
 
 exch.; Stock— (caps.), 
 
 abbr. St. Ex. 
 exchangeable*, «o/ -gable, 
 exchequer, abbr. exch. 
 excisable*, «o/-eable. 
 excise *, not -ize. 
 excitability*, not -ibility. 
 exciter*, one who ex- 
 cites, a stimulant, 
 exciter * nerve, not -er. 
 exclamat/ion, -ory, abbr. 
 
 excl., or exclam. 
 exclamation point (!), see 
 
 punctuation, XVII. 
 
 ex] COmmodo (Lat.), con- 
 veniently ; — concesso, 
 from what has been 
 granted. 
 
 ex coupon, without cou- 
 pon ; abbr. x.cp. 
 
 excreta*, excreted matters 
 (not ital.). 
 
 excudit (Lat.), he, or she, 
 engraved it ; abbr. exc. 
 
 ex curia(L&t.), out of court, 
 not -a. 
 
 excursion, abbr. ex. 
 
 excursus/*, a digression ; 
 pi. -es* (not ital.). 
 
 ex dividend *, without 
 next dividend ; abbr. ex 
 div.*, orx.d.* 
 
 exeat*, let him leave, pi. 
 -s; exeant*, let them 
 leave (not ital.) {see also 
 exit, exeunt). 
 
 execut/ed, -ive, abbr. ex. 
 
 execut/er*, one who ex- 
 ecutes; -or* (law), abbr. 
 exor. ; few. -rix*, abbr. 
 exrx., pi. -rices*. 
 
 exeges/is*, explanation ; 
 pi. -es (not ital.). 
 
 exemptaire (Fr. m.), a 
 specimen, a copy ; in Ger. 
 n. Exemplar, 
 
 exemplar*, «o/exa-. 
 
 exemple (Fr. m.), example. 
 
 exempli gratia (Lat.), for 
 example ; abbr. e.g., or 
 ex. gr. (I.e., not ital., 
 comma before). ** For ex- 
 ample " better than e.g. 
 
 exemplum (Lat.), a copy. 
 
 exequatur*, an oflBcial 
 permission (not ital.). 
 
 exequies*, funeral cere- 
 mony (not ital.). 
 
 exercise*, not -ize. 
 
 Exeter, in Lat. Exonia, 
 abbr. Exon. 
 
 exeunt omnes* (Lat.), 
 they all leave, not exeant 
 — {see also exeat, exit), 
 
 ex facie* (Lat.) (Sc law), 
 according to document. 
 
 ex. gr., see exempli 
 gratia. 
 13 8 
 
EXHIBITOR — EXTRACTOR 
 
 exhibitor*, noi -er. 
 exigeant/*,>w. -e*, exact- 
 ing (no accent), 
 exigency *. 
 exigent*, urgent. 
 ex interest *, without next 
 
 interest ; abbr. ex int.*, 
 
 orx.i.* 
 existence*, not -ance. 
 exist/ible*, -ibility*, noi 
 
 -able, 
 exit/*,/*/, -s. 
 exIt*{Lsit.),he, or she, goes 
 
 out; pi. exeunt (ital.) 
 
 {see also exeat, exeuttf) . 
 ex lege (Lat.), arising from 
 
 law. 
 ex-libris* (s. and pi.), a 
 
 book-plate (not ital.). 
 ex necessitate (Lat.), 
 
 necessarily. 
 ex new *, without the right 
 
 to new shares ; abbr. ex 
 
 n.*, orx.n.* 
 exodi/um*. conclusion of 
 
 a play; pi. -a* {see also 
 
 exord-). 
 Exodus, abbr. Exod. 
 ex ofiScio* (Lat.), oflBcially 
 
 (no hyphen, except as 
 
 adj.). 
 exon*, officer, yeoman of 
 
 the guard. 
 Exon., signature of Bp. of 
 
 Exeter (full point). 
 exor., executor, 
 exorcize*, not -ise. 
 exordium/ *, the begin- 
 ning ; pi. -S* {see also 
 
 exod-). 
 exp., export, -ation, -ed, 
 
 express. 
 expanded type (typ.), a 
 
 type of unusually wide 
 
 face, as .A^BCr). 
 ex parte* (Lat.), one-sided 
 
 (no hy phen,except as adj. ). 
 expectable*, uol -ible. 
 expecter*, not -or. 
 ex pede Herculem (Lat.), 
 
 judge from the sample. 
 expense*, not -ce. 
 experimentalize*, not 
 
 -ise. 
 
 experimenter*, not -or. 
 
 experimentjum (Lat), an 
 experiment, pi. -a ; ex- 
 perimentum crucis, a 
 crucial test. 
 
 experto crede ! (Lat.), be- 
 lieve one who has tried it ! 
 
 explanation*, abbr. expl. 
 
 exploiter*, not -or. 
 
 explorator*, not -er. 
 
 export/, -ation, -ed, abbr. 
 exp. 
 
 expos6*, explanation, ex- 
 posure (not ital.). 
 
 expositor*, not-er. 
 
 ex post facto* (Lat.), after 
 the fact. 
 
 expostulator*, not -er. 
 
 Ex- President (caps.). 
 
 express, abbr. exp. 
 
 expresser*, not -or. 
 
 expressible *, not -able. 
 
 expressivo (mus.), with 
 expression, use es-*. 
 
 exj pro fesso {Lat.), by pro- 
 fession ; —proprio motu 
 (Lat.), of his own accord. 
 
 exrx., executrix. 
 
 exsiccataB (hot.), dried 
 plants, not -ti. 
 
 ext., external, -ly, extinct, 
 extra, extract. 
 
 extasy,extatic, use ecs-*. 
 
 extempore* (not ital.). 
 
 ex tempore (Lat.), at the 
 time. 
 
 extemporize*, not -ise. 
 
 extender*, not -or. 
 
 extendible*, not -able. 
 
 extensor*, a muscle, «o^-er. 
 
 external/, -ly, abbr. ext. 
 
 externalize*, not -ise. 
 
 externat* (Fr. m.), a day 
 school. 
 
 extinct, abbr. ext. 
 
 extincteur*, a fire ex- 
 tinguisher (not ital.). 
 
 extirpator*, not-er. 
 
 extol/*, -led*, -ler*, -ling*. 
 
 extorter*, not -or. 
 
 extortioner*, not -or. 
 
 extra, extract, abbr. ext. 
 
 extractable *, not -ible. 
 
 extractor*, not -er. 
 
 114 
 
EXTRACTS — EZRA 
 
 extracts, see authorities, 
 quotations. 
 
 extramural* (one word). 
 
 extravaganza* (notital.). 
 
 ex usu (Lat.), by use. 
 
 exuviae*, cast^overings of 
 animals. 
 
 ex-voto*, an offering made 
 in pursuance of a vow. 
 
 Bxzellenz (Ger. f.), Excel- 
 lency; abbr. Exz., not 
 Exc-. 
 
 Eyck (Van), family of 
 Flemish painters. 
 
 eye/ball, -brow*, -ful*, 
 not -full; -glass (one 
 word). 
 
 eyeing*, not eying. 
 
 eye/lash, -lid*, -piece* 
 (optics) (one word). 
 
 eyerie, use aerie*. 
 
 eye/sight*, -sore*, -wit- 
 ness* (one word). 
 
 eyot*, not ait. 
 
 eyrie, eyry, use aerie*. 
 
 Ezekiel, abbr. Ezek. 
 
 Ezra, not to be abbrevi- 
 ated. 
 
 »»5 
 
 8* 
 
B NOTES 
 
 ii6 
 
E JSOTES 
 
 H7 
 
p. — FAKIR 
 
 P., Fahrenheit, Father (R.C. 
 priest), (Univ.) Fellow, 
 felon, (naut.) fog, formula, 
 -ae, Friday, the sixth in 
 a series, all proper names 
 with this initial except^ 
 
 P, fluorine, (math.) func- 
 tion, (pencils) fine. 
 
 f., farthing, fathom, feet, 
 feminine, following, foot, 
 franc, furlong, {G&t.) fol- 
 gende Seite (next page), 
 fiir {{or). 
 
 t* {vans.), forte (loud). 
 
 P. A., Football Association. 
 
 f.a.a.*, free of all average. 
 
 fabliau/*, a metrical tale ; 
 pi. -X*. • 
 
 fac.*, facsimile. 
 
 fa9ade* (not ital.). 
 
 face* (typ.), the printing 
 surface of type, etc. 
 
 facet/*, -ed*, -ing*, not-tt-. 
 
 facetiflB*, humorous anec- 
 dotes (not ital.). 
 
 facia*, shop-front tablet 
 (not ital.). 
 
 fades* (nat. hist.), general 
 aspect (ital.). 
 
 facile princeps (Lat.), 
 easily best. 
 
 facWs descensus Averni 
 (not Averno), easy is the 
 descent to Avernus. 
 
 facine, m5^ fascine*. 
 
 Facit {Ger. arith. n.), pro- 
 duct, result. 
 
 fa^n de parler (Fr. f.), 
 manner of speaking. 
 
 facsimile* (one word, not 
 ital.) ; pi. -8*, abbr. fac* 
 
 facta, non verba (Lat.), 
 deeds, not words. 
 
 factotum* (not ital.). 
 
 factum est (Lat), it is 
 done. 
 
 facul/a*, bright solar spot ; 
 pi. -89 *, not fse-. 
 
 ii8 
 
 f»c/es*, -al*, not fe-. 
 
 faecul/a*, sediment ; pi. 
 -39*, not fe-. 
 
 ** Faerie Queene," by 
 Spenser, 1590-6. 
 
 Paeroe Isles, use Faroe. 
 
 fxx populi (Lat.), dregs of 
 the people. 
 
 fag-end* (hyphen). 
 
 faggot*, not fagot. 
 
 Fahrenheit*, temperature 
 scale ; abbr. P.*, orPahr. 
 
 faience*, glazed pottery, 
 not fai-, fay-. 
 
 faineant*, idle, \dler (not 
 ital.). 
 
 faint* ruled (paper), not 
 fe-. 
 
 fair copy (typ.), tran- 
 script free from cor- 
 rections ; abbr. f. CO. 
 
 fairel des frais (Fr.), to 
 make efforts to please ; 
 
 — ses frais, to cover 
 expenses ; — ecole, to 
 found a school of art, etc. ; 
 
 — une Scole, to make a 
 blunder; — feu, to fire 
 guns, etc. ; — du feu, to 
 light a fire ; — son pa- 
 quet, to pack up and go ; 
 
 — un paquet, to make 
 a parcel ; — suivre, to 
 be forwarded, abbr. F.S. 
 
 fair play* (two words), 
 fairway*, not fare- (one 
 
 word). 
 faisan (Fr. m.), pheasant. 
 fait accompli '^un) (Fr. m.), 
 
 a thing done. 
 faithful/*, -ly*. 
 Faithfull (EmUy), 1835- 
 
 95, writer. 
 Faizabad, Oudh, not Fyz-. 
 Fakenham, Norfolk, also 
 
 Sufi"olk. 
 fakir*, not -keer, -kier, 
 
 •queer, -quir (not ital.). 
 
FALDERAIi — FAUBOURO- 
 
 falderal*, song refrain; not 
 
 fal de rol, folderol. 
 faldetta*, Maltese hooded 
 
 cape. 
 faldstool*, not fold- (one 
 
 word). 
 Falk Laws, Germany, 
 fal-lal*, finery, «o/ fallol. 
 fallible*, «o/-able. 
 falsa lectio (Lat.), a false 
 
 reading; abbr. f,l. 
 falucea, use felucca*, 
 falutln, use highfalutin* 
 
 (one word). 
 F.A.M., Free and Accepted 
 
 Masons. 
 fam., familiar, family, 
 familiarize*, not -ise. 
 family, abbr. fam. ; (hot., 
 
 zool.) to have cap., not 
 ' ital. 
 fanaticize*, to infuriate, «o/ 
 
 -ise. 
 fandango* (Sp.), a dance 
 
 or its music (not ital.). 
 fanfare* (mus.), a flourish, 
 fanfaronade*, brag, not 
 
 -nnade, -farronade. 
 fantaisies (Fr. typ. f.), 
 
 fancy types. 
 fantasia* (mus.), a fancy 
 
 composition (not ital.). 
 fantast *, a dreamer, «o/ph-. 
 fantasy*, not ph-. 
 fantoccini* (It.), marion- 
 ettes. 
 fantom, use ph-*. 
 faqu/eer, -ir, use fakir*, 
 far., farad, -aic, farriery, 
 
 farthing. 
 farad/* (elec), unit of 
 
 capacity ; symbol ^ ; 
 
 -aic*, not -ic ; abbr. far. 
 Faraday (Michael), 
 
 1791-1867, chemist, 
 faradization*, application 
 
 ofmed. elec; Ko/faradais-. 
 farce (Fr. f.), force-meat. 
 farceufr * (Fr.), /em. -se, 
 
 a joker. 
 fareway, use fair-*, 
 farewell* (one word). 
 far-fetched* (hyphen). 
 farinaceous*, «o^-ious. 
 
 Faringdon, Berks (see also 
 Farr-). 
 
 farm-house* (hyphen). 
 
 Fame Islands, N. Sea, 
 not Fam, Fearne, Feme. 
 
 far niente (It.), doing 
 nothing. 
 
 Faroe Isles, /tot Fae-. 
 
 Farquhar, pron. fark'wer. 
 
 farrago*, wo/fara-. 
 
 Farrar (F. "W., Dean), 
 1831-1903, writer; — (Sir 
 G. H.), 1859- {see also 
 Fay-). 
 
 Farrer (Baron), 1859- ; 
 — (Sir W. J.), 1 822-. 
 
 farriery, abbr. far. 
 
 Farringdon, Hants {see 
 also Fari-). 
 
 farth/er*, -est*, comp. and 
 super!, of far: further 
 means in addition to, and 
 is used when the notion 
 of far, or distance in space, 
 is altogether absent. 
 
 farthing*, abbr. f., or far. 
 
 fasces* {pi.), a bundle of 
 rods (ital.). 
 
 fasci/a* (arch.); pi. -ae* 
 (not ital.). 
 
 fascicle*, also fascicule*, 
 part of a book or volume. 
 
 fascicuijus* (Lat.), a 
 bundle; pi. -/* (ital.), 
 abbr. fasc, 
 
 fascine*, a bundle, not fa- 
 cine (not ital.). 
 
 F.A.S.E., Fellow of the 
 Antiquarian Society, Ed- 
 inburgh. 
 
 Fastens/ -een *, -eve *, 
 
 - -even* (Sc), Shrove 
 Tuesday, not Feastings-. 
 
 fata Morgana*, mirage 
 (ital.). 
 
 fat face type, one with 
 tblck stems and fine hair- 
 lines, as this. 
 
 Father (R.C.), abbr. F.* 
 
 fathom, abbr. f., or fm. 
 
 fatigable*, «o/ -guable. 
 
 faubourg* (Fr. m.), a 
 suburb, cap. F when with 
 name (not ital.). 
 
 "9 
 
PAUCIT — FELUCCA 
 
 Faucit (Helen), Lady 
 Martin, 1820-98, actress. 
 
 Faulkland, in ' ' The 
 Rivals," by Sheridan. 
 
 fault-finding* (hyphen). 
 
 faun/* (myth.), pi. -s (5^^ 
 also fawn). 
 
 fauna/*, pi. -a* (not ital.). 
 
 tausse tortue (Fr. f.), 
 mock-turtle. 
 
 faute de mieux (Fr.), 
 for want of better. 
 
 fauteuil/*, arm-chair; pi. 
 -S (not ital.). 
 
 fauxj(Fr. m.), aforgery ; (f.) 
 a scythe ; — jour (astr.), 
 false light; — pas* (Fr. 
 m.), a blunder (two 
 words). 
 
 Fawkes (Guy), 1570- 
 1606, conspirator. 
 
 fawn*, a colour (see also 
 faun). 
 
 fayence, use faience*. 
 
 Fayrer (Sir Joseph), 
 1 824-, physician {see also 
 Farr-). 
 
 F.B., Fenian Brotherhood, 
 Free Baptist; F.B.A., 
 Fellow of the British 
 Academy, not F.R.B.A.; 
 F.B.S., Fellow of the 
 Botanical Society ; 
 
 F.B.S.E., Fellow of the 
 Botanical Society, Edin. 
 
 F.C., Football Club, Free 
 Church (of Scotland) ; 
 f.C.j fidei-contniissum (be- ' 
 queathed in trust) ;F.C. A., 
 Fellow of the Chartered 
 Accountants (off. descrip- 
 tion) ; F.C.C., First Class 
 Certificate; F.C.O., use 
 F.R.C.O.; fco., franco 
 (free) ; f. CO., fair copy ; 
 F.C.P., Fellow of the 
 College of Preceptors ; 
 fcp., foolscap; F.C.S., 
 Fellow of the Chemical 
 Society. 
 
 F.D., Jidei defensor (De- 
 fender of the Faith). 
 
 "Fetferrum (iron). 
 
 FeameIsles,«s^Fame — . 
 
 fearnought*, a woollen 
 
 cloth, not -naught, 
 feasible *, not -able. 
 Feastings-,5^.pF astens-*. 
 featherfew, use fever-*. 
 February*, abbr. Feb. 
 fecal, feces, use fsB-*. 
 fecerunt (Lat.), they made 
 
 it ; abbr. £F. 
 fecial, use fetial*. 
 fecit (Lat.), he, or she, made 
 
 it ; abbr. fee, 
 feciila, sediment, use f89-*. 
 federal associations, see 
 
 Assemblies. 
 Federalist*, abbr. Fed.* 
 federalize*, not -ise. 
 Feejeean, use Fijian, 
 feeoff/, -ee, use feo- *. 
 feet, use only for two feet 
 
 and over, not for one and 
 
 a half foot, etc. ; abbr. f., 
 
 or ft., sign '. 
 feff/, -ment, use feoff*. 
 Fehmgericht, use V-. 
 Feilding,fam. name of Earl 
 
 of Denbigh {see also Fie-), 
 feint *, to pretend. 
 feint ruled, use faa- * — . 
 F.E.I.S., Fellow of the 
 
 Educational Institute of 
 
 Scotland. 
 felds/par*, -pathic*, not 
 
 fels-. 
 feliclter (Lat.), happily, 
 fellah/*, Egyptian peasant ; 
 
 pi. -een*, not -s, -in {see 
 
 also Fiilahs). 
 fellmonger*, hide-dealer, 
 felloe*, wheel rim, «o/ felly. 
 Fellow* (Univ.), abbr. 
 
 F.*; in Lat. socius*; or, 
 
 in the Royal Society, 
 
 sodalis*. 
 fellow-citizen* (hyphen). 
 feUjy, use -oe*. 
 felo-de-se* (Ang.-Lat.), 
 
 suicide ; pi. felos-de-se. 
 felon, abbr. F. 
 Fels-naptha, not naph-. 
 fels/par, -pathic, use 
 
 felds-*. 
 felucca*, a vessel, not fa-, 
 
 fi-, -lucca, -louk. 
 
PEM. — FEZ 
 
 fern., feminine. 
 
 female (hot., zool.), sign ?. 
 
 feme/* (law), wife, not 
 femme ; -^ covert*, mar- 
 ried woman (no hyphen) ; 
 
 — -sole ' 
 
 unmarried 
 
 woman (hyphen) {see also 
 feinm.e). 
 
 Femgericht, use Vehm-. 
 
 feminine, abbr. f., orfem. 
 
 feminize *, to make femin- 
 ine, not -ise. 
 
 femmel de chatnbre* 
 (Fr. f.), chambermaid, pi, 
 
 femmes ; — ga- 
 
 lante, a prostitute ; — 
 incomprlse, an unap- 
 preciated woman ; — 
 savante, learned — (see 
 also feme). 
 
 fem/ur*, thigh bone, pi. 
 -ora* (not ital.) ; -oral. 
 
 fencible*, not -able'. 
 
 fencing *, abbr. fenc. 
 
 fendable*, not -ible. 
 
 fendju (Fr.),/em. -i/e, cut 
 open. 
 
 F6nelon (P. de S. de la 
 M.), 1651-1715, writer, 
 not F^nelon. 
 
 fenestrja* (Lat.), a small 
 hole ; pi. -«*. 
 
 fenugreek*, a plant, not 
 foenu-. 
 
 feoff/*, -ee*, «o/feeo-, feff. 
 
 feoffor* (law), not -er. 
 
 feras natures (law), wild 
 animals. 
 
 Ferd., Ferdinand. 
 
 Ferdausi, Persian poet, 
 use Fir-. 
 
 fer-de-lance*, viper. 
 
 feridgi* (Turk.), woman's 
 cloak, not -ijah. 
 
 fermentescible *, «o^-isc-. 
 
 Fernando Noronha, 
 Brazil. 
 
 Ferne Islands, use 
 Fame — . 
 
 Ferrara( Andrea), sword- 
 smith, 1 6th cent. 
 
 Ferrari (Paolo), 1822-89, 
 It. dramatist. 
 
 ferret/*, -ed*. -er *, -ing*. 
 
 ferrule*, not ferrel, ferule. 
 
 ferrum (iron), symbol Fe. 
 
 fertilize*, not -ise. 
 
 fervour*, not -or. 
 
 F.E.S., Fellow of the 
 Entomological Society. 
 
 fesse* (her.), not fess. 
 
 testa* (It.), a festival. 
 
 festina lente (Lat.), 
 hasten slowly. 
 
 fet/e*, entertainment, -ed* 
 (not ital.); fSte-cham- 
 petre*, outdoor entertain- 
 ment ; Pete-Dieu, feast 
 of Corpus Christi, pi. 
 F&tes (ital., hyphen). 
 
 m\6 (Fr.), fern, -ie, well 
 entertained (ital.). 
 
 fetial*, ambassadorial, not 
 fee-. 
 
 fetid*, «o/foe-. 
 
 fetish/*, not -ich, -iche ; 
 -eer*, -ism*, -ist* (not 
 ital.). 
 
 fetor*, bad smell, notice-. 
 
 fetus, use foe-*. 
 
 feu/* (Scot.), ground rent, 
 pron. few ; pi. -S. 
 
 feuj (Fr.), late, deceased; 
 /em. e. 
 
 feud., feudal. 
 
 feudalize *, to make feudal. 
 
 feu I d' artifice ^Fr.m.), fire- 
 work, pi. feux — ; — de 
 Jole*, a salute, pi. feux 
 *^ 
 
 feu- duty* (hyphen). 
 
 feuille (Fr. typ. f.), a sheet. 
 
 Feuillet (Octave), 1821- 
 90, Fr. writer. 
 
 feulHetl (Fr.typ. m.), a leaf; 
 — blanc, blank leaf. 
 
 feuIUetage (Fr. cook, m.), 
 puff-pastry. 
 
 feuilleton* (Fr. m.), light 
 literature ; in Fr. a con- 
 tinuous story printed at 
 the bottom of a newspaper 
 page (not ital.). 
 
 feverfew* (hot.), pyreth- 
 rum, not feather-, fetter- 
 foe. 
 
 fez/*, a cap; pi. -es (not 
 ital.). 
 
P.F. — FIGURES 
 
 F.F., Felictssiffti Fratres 
 (Most Fortunate Broth- 
 ers), (naut.) thick fog. 
 
 F.f.iGcv.). Fortsetzungfolgt 
 (to be continued). 
 
 fF., feccrunt (they made it), 
 (Ger.) folgende Seiten (fol- 
 lowing pages), following 
 (preferred to et seq.). 
 
 ff (typ.), as initials for proper 
 name, not Yi {seeSoYkeo). 
 
 ff* (mus.), fortissimo (very 
 loud). 
 
 F.F.A., Fellow of the 
 Faculty of Actuaries. 
 
 fff* (raus.), fortissimo (as 
 loud as possible). 
 
 ffolkes (Sir W. H. B.) 
 (l.c.#). 
 
 F.F.P.S., Fellow of the 
 Faculty of Physicians and 
 Surgeons; F.F.P.S.G., 
 ditto, Glasgow. 
 
 F.Q., Foot-guards, (leather) 
 fine grain, (paper) fric- 
 tion glazed ; f.g.a.*, free 
 of general average ; 
 F.G.O., Fellow of the 
 Guild of Organists ; 
 F.G.S., Fellow of the 
 Geological Society. 
 
 f.i., for instance. 
 
 F.I.A., Fellow of the 
 Institute of Actuaries. 
 
 fiacre* (Fr. m.), a four- 
 wheeled cab. 
 
 fianc/6*, fern. -§e*, one 
 betrothed (not ital.). 
 
 fiasco/*, a failure ; pi. -S. 
 
 fibre*, not -er. 
 
 fibrill/a*, a small fibre ; pi. 
 -8B* (not ital.). 
 
 fibrin*, «o^-ine. 
 
 F.I.C., Fellow of the In- 
 stitute of Chemistry. 
 
 fichu*, shoulder cape. 
 
 fict,,fctilis (made of pot- 
 tery). 
 
 fiction, abbr. fict. 
 
 F.I.D., Field Intelligence 
 Department. 
 
 fidalgo* (Port.), a noble. 
 
 fiddlededee ! * nonsense ! 
 (one word). 
 
 fidei-commissum* (Lat.), 
 bequeathed in trust ; fidei 
 defensor^ Defender of 
 the Faith, abbr. F.D., or 
 fid. def. 
 
 fidget/*, -ed*, -Uy*, 
 -ing*, -y* (one t only). 
 
 // done! (Fr.) for shame! 
 
 fidus Achates (Lat.), a 
 trusty friend. 
 
 fie-fie*, improper, not fi-fi. 
 
 Fielding (Henry), 1707- 
 54, novelist {seealso'Fei-). 
 
 Field-Marshal (hyphen, 
 caps.) ; abbr. F.M. 
 
 Field Oflacer (no hy- 
 phen) ; abbr. F.O. 
 
 Fiennes, pron. fynz. 
 
 fieri- facias*, a writ ; abbr. 
 //. fa. * 
 
 fift/y, -ieth, symbol L. 
 
 fig., figurative, -ly, figure. 
 
 .Figuier (L.), 1819-94, 
 writer. 
 
 figurant]*, an actor, fern. 
 -e*; m.andf.^/.-i*, not-es. 
 
 figures, to be used for : 
 — ages, but "he died 
 in his eightieth year" ; 
 bookwork, rarely, and 
 only those over 100 ; 
 dates; degrees, of heat; 
 distances ; dollars, 
 omit the ciphers for cents 
 when there are none, as 
 f 100, not $100 . 00 ; 
 measures; money, omit 
 ciphers for shillings and 
 pence, when there are 
 none, as ;^5o, ttot £50. 
 OS. od. ; narrow mea- 
 sure (works of) ; num- 
 bers with vulgar or deci- 
 mal fractions ; races, dis- 
 tance and time ; scores, 
 of games and matches; 
 specific gravity; sta- 
 tistics; time of day 
 when followed by a.m. or 
 p.m. ; votes; weights; 
 not to be combined with 
 words, for one amount : 
 use all figures, or spell all 
 out ; commas to separate 
 
PiaURES ~ FINNISH 
 
 each three consecutive 
 figures from the right 
 when five or more, except 
 in math, work ; number of 
 a house in road or street, 
 etc., not to be followed by 
 comma as " it does not 
 make the meaning clear- 
 er." One-and-twenty, 
 etc. (hyphens). 
 
 figures, spell out for:— 
 accuracy — when im- 
 portant ; book - work 
 generally, always under 
 loo ; beginning of 
 sentences; degrees of 
 inclination ; indefinite 
 amounts, as two or three 
 miles; legal work, al- 
 ways; street names (nu- 
 merical), as First Street, 
 Fifth Avenue (see also 
 fractions). 
 
 figures/ (arable), i, a, 3, 
 etc. ; — and plates, re- 
 ferences to be <* Plate II, 
 fig. 4" ; caps, on the plate 
 to be s.caps. in the text ; 
 — (dotted), i, 2, 3, may 
 indicate repeating deci- 
 mals; — (roman nu- 
 merals), i, ii, iii, etc., to 
 be used for folios of pre- 
 liminary matter (no point 
 after), not to be used for 
 date on title page ; — 
 (scratched), % % etc., 
 indicate figures cancelled, 
 but which are to be 
 printed {see also author- 
 ities, lac, numerals). 
 
 P.I.Inst., Fellow of the 
 Imperial Institute. 
 
 P.I. J., use P.J.I. 
 
 Piji/, -an, not Feejee, -an, 
 Viji. 
 
 Fildes (Sir Luke^ 1844-, 
 painter. 
 
 filemot*, a yellowish- 
 brown,«o/filamort, filmot. 
 
 filet (Fr. cook, m.), fillet. 
 
 filibeg* (Sc), not filli-, 
 fily-, phila-, phili-, philli-. 
 
 filibuster*, not fiUi-. 
 
 filigree/*, not fila-, filla-, 
 filli- ; — letter (typ.), an 
 initial with filigree back- 
 ground. 
 
 Pilipinas, Sp. for Philip- 
 pine Islands. 
 
 fille del chambre{Fr. f.), 
 chambermaid, pi. fllles 
 ; Joie, a prosti- 
 tute. 
 
 fillet/*, in Fr. m. filet; 
 -ed*, -ing*. 
 
 fillibeg, usemu*. 
 
 fillip*, a stimulus. 
 
 fillipeen, game of forfeits, 
 use Philippine *. 
 
 filmot, use filemot*. 
 
 filoselle*, floss silk (not 
 ital.). 
 
 fils (Fr. m.), son, as Dumas 
 fils (not ital.). 
 
 filucca, use felucca*. 
 
 Pin., Finland, Finnish. 
 
 finable*, liable to a fine. 
 
 finale*, conclusion (not 
 ital.). 
 
 P. Inc. S. T., Fellow of the 
 Incorporated Society of 
 Shorthand Teachers. 
 
 findon-haddock, use fin- 
 nan *. 
 
 fine-paper edition, abbr. 
 P.P. 
 
 finesse* (not ital.). 
 
 fingan * (Turk.), cofiee-cup, 
 not -Jan. 
 
 finger-end*, pi. finger- 
 ends* (hyphen, noapos.). 
 
 finicking*, fastidious, not 
 finikin. 
 
 finis*, the end (not ital.); 
 (typ.) use of this on the last 
 page dying out; if used, 
 separate by blank lines, 
 and set in even s.caps. 
 
 Pinistdre, dep. France 
 (accent, one r). 
 
 Pinisterre (Cape), Spain 
 (no accent, two r's). 
 
 finnan-haddock*, not iha 
 many variations. 
 
 Pinnish/, abbr. Pin. ; — 
 language (typ,), is set in 
 ordinary roman characters 
 
 133 
 
FIN. SEC. — FLESHER 
 
 Fin. Sec, Financial Secre- 
 tary. 
 
 fiord* (Norw.), arm of the 
 sea, not fj- (not ital.). 
 
 F.I.P.S., Fellow of the 
 Incorporated Phono- 
 
 graphic Society. 
 
 fir., firkin, -s. 
 
 Firdausi, 93o(?)-io2o, 
 Persian poet, not Ferdausi, 
 Firdousi, Firdusi. 
 
 fire/-arrQs *, — escape *, 
 
 — -fly*, place*, — 
 
 -plug* (abbr. F.P.), — 
 -proof* (hyphens). 
 
 fireside* (one word). 
 
 firkin/, -s, abbr. fir. 
 
 firman*, an edict. 
 
 fim* (Alps), former years' 
 snow (ital.). 
 
 first-bom* (hyphen). 
 
 firstfruit/, -s (one word). 
 
 first proof (typ.), the first 
 impression taken, and 
 corrected by the "copy." 
 
 firth*, an estuary, not fri-. 
 
 fist* (typ.), the ^r. 
 
 fisticufl's*, not fisty-. 
 
 fistula* (not ital.). 
 
 fitchew*, a polecat. 
 
 fivefold* (one word). 
 
 FitzGerald (Edward), 
 1809-83, poet and trans- 
 lator (one word), cap G. 
 
 fixed star, sign ik or ^k- 
 
 fizgig*, not fis-, fizz-. 
 
 fizz*, a sound, notRz. 
 
 fjeld* (Norw.), mountain 
 (not ital.). 
 
 F.J.I., Fellow of the Insti- 
 tute of Journahsts, not 
 F.I.J. 
 
 fjord, use fiord*. 
 
 F.K.Q.C.P.I., Fellow of 
 the King's and Queen's 
 College of Physicians, 
 Ireland, now F.B.C.P.I. 
 
 Fl., Flanders, Flemish. 
 
 fl., florin, fluid, (Aus.) 
 Gulden. 
 
 fl., flores (flowers), floruit 
 (flourished). 
 
 f.l,, falsa lectio (a false read- 
 ing)- 
 
 Fla., Florida (off. abbr.). 
 
 flabbergast*, not flaba-, 
 flaber-. 
 
 fJabeHjum* (Lat.), a fan ; 
 pi. -a*. 
 
 flacon*, a small bottle. 
 
 flagell/um*(zool.), a whip- 
 like appendage ; pi. -a*. 
 
 flageolet* (mus.), «o/-elet 
 (not ital.). 
 
 flageolet* (Fr. m.), a kid- 
 ney-bean (ital.). 
 
 flagon*, large wine bottle. 
 
 flagraatej bello (Lat.), 
 during hostilities ; — de- 
 licto, during the crime. 
 
 flag/ship*, -staff"* (one 
 word). 
 
 flair*, a ray fish (not ital.). 
 
 f/air* (Fr. m.), scent (ital.). 
 
 flambeau/*, a torch ; ^/.-x 
 (not ital.). 
 
 flamboyant* (not ital.). 
 
 flamingo/, pi. -s. 
 
 flan (Fr. cook, m.), custard. 
 
 flanconade* (fenc), not 
 -nnade. 
 
 Flanders, abbr. Fl. 
 
 fJanejrie* (Fr. f.), lounging ; 
 -ur *, /em . -use, an idler. 
 
 flannelette*, «o/-ellette. 
 
 flannelled*, «o/-eled. 
 
 flut-cap*, writing paper 
 17x14 in. 
 
 flat/ impression* or — 
 pull* (typ.), a simple 
 proof without over- or 
 underlaying. 
 
 flatus/*, pi. -es* (not ital.). 
 
 Flaubert (Gustave), 
 1821-80, Fr. writer. 
 
 flautist*, a flute-player, 
 not flu-. 
 
 flavour*, 6«/flavorous*. 
 
 flawy*, with flaws, not-ey. 
 
 fleche* (Fr. f.), an arrow, 
 a slender spire. 
 
 flection, uie flexion*. 
 
 fledgeling*, not -gling. 
 
 fleet (the) Itas, not have. 
 
 Flemish, abbr. Fl. ; (typ.) 
 resembles Dutch, but y 
 often used for ij. 
 
 flesher* (Sc), a butcher. 
 
 124 
 
FLEUR — POIiDEROL 
 
 fleur-de-lis*, heraldic lily, 
 not lys, nor flower- 
 de-luce ; pi. fleurs-de- 
 lis (not ital.). 
 
 tieurei* (Fr. m.), a fencing- 
 foil. 
 
 fleuron* (Fr. typ. m.), a 
 tail-piece. 
 
 flexible*, not -able. 
 
 flexion*, «o^-ction. 
 
 flibbertigibbet*, a chat- 
 terer. 
 
 ** Fliegende Hollander 
 (Der)*' (The Flying 
 Dutchman), opera by 
 Wagner, 1843. 
 
 FUegenkopfe (Ger. typ. 
 m:), turned letters. 
 
 flier, use flyer*. 
 
 floatage*, «o/flot-. 
 
 floatation, use flot- *. 
 
 flocculjus* (Lat.), a small 
 tuft ; pi. -/*. 
 
 Floirac, a claret. 
 
 flong* (typ.), paper for 
 stereo-moulding. 
 
 Flood (the) (cap.). 
 
 f lor., floruit (flourished). 
 
 flora/* (bot.), pi. -s (not 
 ital.). 
 
 f tores (Lat.), flowers ; abbr. 
 fl. 
 
 floriat/e*, -ed*, florally 
 decorated, not -eate. 
 
 Florida, offic. abbr. Fla. 
 
 florin, abbr. fl. 
 
 floruit* (Lat.), flourished ; 
 abbr. fI.,orflor. 
 
 flotation*, not float-. 
 
 flotsam and jetsam* 
 (naut.), not float-. 
 
 flourished, abbr. fl. 
 
 F.Ij.S., Fellow of the Lin- 
 nean Society (off", spell- 
 ing), not Linnae-. 
 
 fluent (math, typ.), the sign 
 of integration y. 
 
 Fliigel (J. a.), 1788 -1855, 
 lexicographer. 
 
 flugelman, use fugle-*. 
 
 fluid, abbr. fl. 
 
 fluidus (Lat.), liquid. 
 
 fluky*, not -ey. 
 
 flummox*, to confound, 
 not -ix, -ux. 
 
 flunkey/ *, not -ky ; pi. -s. 
 
 fluorine*, «o/ -in ; symbol 
 F*. 
 
 fluoroscope, X ray 
 
 screen. 
 
 Flustr/a*, a seaweed ; pi. 
 -8B* (not ital.). 
 
 flutist, use flautist*. 
 
 fluty*, flute-like, not -ey. 
 
 fluxions* (math.), not 
 -ctions. 
 
 fly*,/)/, flies*. 
 
 flyer *, not flier. 
 
 fly/-leaf*(typ.),ablank leaf 
 at the beginning or end of 
 a book, also blank leaf of 
 a circular ; — -sheet*, a 
 two- or four-page tract; 
 
 title*, the half-title in 
 
 front of the full title, or 
 the one dividing sections 
 of a work (hyphens). 
 
 fly-wheel* (hyphen). 
 
 F.M., Field-Marshal, For- 
 eign Mission. 
 
 fm., fathom. 
 
 F.M.D., foot - and - mouth 
 disease. 
 
 F.O., Field Officer, Foreign 
 Office, (mus.) full organ. 
 
 fo., folio. 
 
 f.o.b.*, free on board. 
 
 focalize*, not -ise. 
 
 fo'c'sle*, a/50 forecastle*. 
 
 foc/us*, pi. -i. 
 
 focus/ed*, -es*, -ing*, not 
 
 -USS-. 
 
 foenugreek, usefe-*. 
 foetid, use fe- *. 
 foetor, use fe- *. 
 foet/us*, -al*, -ation*, 
 
 -icide*, not fe-. 
 fog (naut.), abbr. F.* ; 
 
 thick — , abbr. F.F.* 
 foggy*, misty, 
 fog/y*, one with antiquated 
 
 notions, not -ey, -ie ; 
 
 pi. -ies. 
 Fbbn*, Alpine south wind. 
 foie (Fr. m.), liver, 
 fol., following. 
 folderol, use falderal*. 
 
 "5 
 
FOLDSTOOL — FOOT-NOTES 
 
 foldstool, use fald-*. 
 
 folgeadej Ger.),thefollow- 
 ing ; — Seite, next page ; 
 abbr. f., pi. S. 
 
 foliaceous*, leaf- like, not 
 -ious. 
 
 folio, a book, etc., composed 
 of sheets folded but once, 
 and so having two leaves 
 to the sheet ; a sheet of 
 paper folded in two leaves 
 only ; number of a page 
 at top or bottom (for 
 prefatory matter to be in 
 roman numerals) ; 72 
 words in English parlia- 
 mentary procedure and 
 English law, 100 words in 
 America by U.S.A. Act; 
 abbr. fo. 
 
 folio (untrimmed leaf)— 
 atlas — , 26x 17 in. 
 crown or post — , 15 x 
 
 10 
 demy—, 17V2X11V4 
 elephant — , 23 x 14 
 foolscap — , 13V2 X 8Va 
 imperial — , 22 x 15 
 medium — , 18 x 11V2 
 royal — , 20 x 12^2 
 
 folio verso, on the back 
 of the leaf ; abbr. f.v. 
 
 folljum* (Lat.), a leaf; pi. 
 -a. 
 
 Folketing, lower house 
 of Danish Parliament or 
 Rigsdag ; noi -thing. 
 
 folk-lore* (hyphen). 
 
 folklor/ism*, -ist*, -istic* 
 (no hyphen). 
 
 follicle*, not -cule. 
 
 following, abbr. f., or fol. 
 
 fonda* (Sp.), an inn. 
 
 fondant*, a sweetmeat (not 
 ital.). 
 
 fondue* (Fr. cook, f.), 
 melted cheese, eggs, etc., 
 not fondu (ital.). 
 
 tons et OiigO (Lat.), source 
 and origin ; pron. — — 
 6-ri'go. 
 
 font* (Amer. typ.), Eng. 
 fount*. 
 
 Fontainebleau, dep. 
 
 Seine-et-Marne. 
 
 fonte (Fr. typ. f.), fount. 
 
 food-Stuff* (hyphen). 
 
 foolscap (paper) — 
 folio, isVjxBVain. 
 octavo, 674X4V4 
 quarto, 8V2 x 6^/4 
 writing paper, 17 x 
 
 13V2 
 abbr. cap., or fcp. 
 
 foos*(bot.),thehousc-leek, 
 not fews, foose, fooz, 
 fouse. 
 
 foot, pi. feet, one and a 
 half foot, etc., not feet 
 until two are reached ; 
 abbr. f., or ft., sign '. 
 
 foot-and-mouthdisease* 
 (hyphens), abbr.F.M.D. 
 
 football* (one word). 
 
 Foot-guards* (in order of 
 precedence), the Grena- 
 dier, Coldstream, Scots, 
 and Irish Guards (hy- 
 phen) ; abbr. F.G. 
 
 foothold* (one word). 
 
 foothook (naut.), use fut- 
 tock*. 
 
 footlights* (one word). 
 
 foot-line* (typ.), the bot- 
 tom line of a page, always 
 blank, except for "signa- 
 ture" of sheet, etc. 
 
 foot-notes*, in MS. should 
 be written immediately 
 after the word to which 
 they refer, and not at the 
 bottom of the MS. page ; 
 each to make a paragraph; 
 all references to be by 
 superior figures outside 
 the final point, or quotes. 
 In math, works, where 
 figures might mislead, 
 use *, t, etc. A white 
 line, or rule, should separ- 
 ate foot-notes from the 
 text {see also authorities, 
 reference marks). 
 
 126 
 
FOOT-POUND — PORTITER 
 
 foot-pound*, abbr. f.p. 
 for., foreign. 
 f.O.r., free on rail. 
 foram I en* (LaL), an orifice; 
 
 pi. -Ina*. 
 forasmuch* (one word), 
 foray*, «o/forray. 
 forbade*, mo/ -bad. 
 forbear *, an ancestor, noi 
 
 fore-. 
 
 for/bear*, -bore*, -borne*. 
 
 force majeure (Fr. f.), 
 
 circumstances beyond 
 
 one's control. 
 
 force-meat*, not forced- 
 
 (hyphen). 
 forceps*, pi. same, 
 forcible*, not -cable, 
 forcite*, a dynamite, not 
 ' -site. 
 
 forearm * (one word), 
 forecast *. 
 
 forecastle*, a/so fo*c*sle*. 
 fore-edge*, the edge of 
 a book opposite the bind- 
 ing {see also margins), 
 fore-end*, not forend. 
 Forefathers* Day * 
 
 (U.S.A.), 21 December, 
 forefinger* (one word). 
 foregather, use forg- *. 
 forego *, to go before ; 
 ' forgo*, to abstain from, 
 
 relinquish, etc. 
 forehead*, 
 foreign, abbr. for. 
 Foreign/ Mission, abbr. 
 F.M:. ; — Office (caps.), 
 abbr. F.O. 
 forejudge*, to judge be- 
 forehand ; forjudge* 
 (law), to exclude, 
 forel*, a covering, not 
 
 forr-. 
 fore-run* (hyphen), but 
 
 forerunner*, 
 fore/said*, -see *, -short- 
 en*, -sight*, -stall*, 
 -warn*, not for- (one 
 word). 
 foret (Fr. m.), a gimlet. 
 forH (Fr. f.), a forest, 
 foretell*, not fort-, fortel. 
 for ever* (two words). 
 
 forfend*, not fore-. 
 
 forgather *, not fore-. 
 
 forget-me-not* (botany). 
 
 forgettable*, «o/-etable. 
 
 forgivable*, mo/ -cable. 
 
 forgo*, to abstain from, re- 
 linquish, etc.; forego*, to 
 go before. 
 
 for instance, abbr. f.i. 
 
 forjudge* (law), to ex- 
 clude ; forejudge*, to 
 judge beforehand. 
 
 forma pauperis (ia) 
 (Lat.), as a pauper. 
 
 format*, the shape and 
 size of a book, as thin 
 quarto, thick octavo, etc. 
 (not ital.). 
 
 form*, a body of type 
 secured in the frame called 
 a chase, not forme. 
 
 former *, correlative of 
 latter. 
 
 formul/a*, pi. -»* (not 
 ital.) ; abbr. F. 
 
 formularize*, to formu- 
 late, not -ise. 
 
 foment* (Sc), facing, noi 
 -nst. 
 
 forray, use foray*. 
 
 forsaid, use fore- *. 
 
 " Fors Clavigera," by 
 Ruskin. 
 
 forspeak*, not fore-. 
 
 forspend*, not fore-. 
 
 Forster (John), 1812-76, 
 biographer {see also 
 Foster). 
 
 forsw/ear*, -ore*, -om*. 
 Fort, cap. F when with 
 name, as Fort South- 
 wick, Tilbury Fort ; abbr. 
 Ft. 
 fort., fortification, fortified. 
 fortej* (mus.), strong and 
 loud, abbr./*; —-piano* 
 loud, then immediately 
 soft, abbr. 4>; — -pos- 
 sibiie, as loud as possible, 
 fortell, use fore- *. 
 fortissimo*, very loud ; 
 
 abbr. //* or fff* (ital.). 
 fortiter in re (Lat.), un- 
 yielding in action. 
 127 
 
FORTSETZUNG — FRANCO 
 
 Fortsetzung] folgt (Ger.), 
 to be continued, abbr.F./. ; 
 — uttd Scbluss folgen 
 (Ger.), to be continued 
 and concluded, abbr. 
 F.u.S.t 
 
 Port "William, Inverness 
 (two words). 
 
 forzando* {It. mus.), forced; 
 abbr. sfz. 
 
 fossja* (Lat), a cavity; pi. 
 
 !*, a ditch, ftot foss. 
 
 fossilize*, not -ise, 
 
 Foster (Birket), 1825-99, 
 painter; — (John), 1770- 
 1843, essayist ; — (Sir 
 Michael) , 1 836 -, physiol- 
 ogist {see also Forster). 
 
 Foucault (J.B.Ii.), 1819- 
 68, Fr. physicist. 
 
 Foulahs, use Fulahs. 
 
 foulard *, a fabric (not ital.). 
 
 foully*. 
 
 foul proof* (typ.), one 
 marked with many errors. 
 
 foundry*, not -cry. 
 
 fount* (typ,), a complete 
 set of type of one par- 
 ticular face and size ; in 
 Amer. font* ; in Fr. f. 
 fonte, 
 
 fourfold* (one word). 
 
 Fourth of July, U.S.A. 
 (caps.). 
 
 Fox (C. J.), 1 749-1 806, 
 politician ; — (George), 
 1624-91, Quaker. 
 
 Foxe (John), 1516-87, 
 martyrologist. 
 
 foxed * paper, stained 
 yellowish-brown, 
 
 foxhound (one word). 
 
 foyer *, theatre lounge (not 
 ital.). 
 
 F.P., Fine Paper (the best 
 edition of a work) ; fire- 
 plug. 
 
 f.p. (mech.), foot-poun^. 
 
 fp {m\xs.), forte-piano. 
 
 f.p.a., free of particular 
 average. 
 
 F.R., Forum Romanunt 
 (the Roman Forum), 
 
 Fr., France, French, Friar, 
 Friday, and proper names 
 thus beginning ; (Ger.) 
 Frau (Mrs., wife) ; (It) 
 Fratelli (Brothers). 
 
 fr., franc, from ; (Ger.) 
 fret (free). 
 
 fracas* (not ital.). 
 
 fractionize*, «o^-ise. 
 
 fractions (typ.), are more 
 legible with the stroke 
 oblique, as ^/a {not \), 
 and should be so printed ; 
 
 — when they cannot be 
 supplied in type, to be 
 spelt out ; compound — , 
 as eight thirty-seconds 
 or forty - seven sixty- 
 fourths, to take hyphen 
 for the compounded 
 numeral ; — as one-half, 
 two-thirds, half-crown, 
 half- past, quarter-day, 
 should take the hyphen ; 
 decimal — , point to be 
 a full point turned up; 
 isolated — , spell out, as 
 one-eighth, not ^/g; split 
 
 — (t3T).), those with the 
 dividing line attached to 
 the denominator, and the 
 numerator justified over 
 it {see also figures). 
 
 frsenum*, not fre-. 
 
 Fragezeicben (Ger. typ. 
 n,), interrogation mark (?). 
 
 frais (Fr. m. pi.), cost, ex- 
 penses ; (adj.) fresh. 
 
 Fraktur (Ger. typ. f.), tert 
 or black letter, ag t^i. 
 
 F.R.A.M., Fellow of the 
 Royal Academy of 
 Music. 
 
 framable*, wo^-eable. 
 
 framboise * (Fr. f.), rasp- 
 berry. 
 
 franc* (Fr. m.), coin (not 
 ital.) ; abbr. f. or fr., pi. 
 f. or firs., to be put after 
 the figures, as 10 f. 50 c, 
 or 10*50 fr. 
 
 France, abbr. Fr. 
 
 franchise *, not -ize. 
 
 franco, free ; abbr. fco. 
 
 128 
 
PRANC-TIBEUR — FRENCH 
 
 franc-tlreur* (Fr. m.), 
 a light infantryman ; pi. 
 francs- tire urs, i 
 
 frangipane*, a cake, also 
 perfume, not -ni. 
 
 IFrankenstein, the hero 
 who constructed a mon- 
 ster, not the monster. 
 
 «* Frankfurter Zeitung," 
 not Frankfor-, -fu-. 
 
 Franz - Josef Land, 
 Arctic Ocean. 
 
 frappant* (Fr.), striking. 
 
 frappS* (Fr.), iced. 
 
 F.R.A.S., Fellow of the 
 Royal Astronomical So- 
 ciety. 
 
 Fraser,fam. name of Barons 
 Lovat and Saltoun ; — 
 (A. C), 1819-, philos. 
 writer {see also Frazer). 
 
 ** Fraser*s Magazine." 
 
 fratje* (It.), a iriar; pi. -/*. 
 
 fraternize*, Ko/-ise. 
 
 Frau * (Get. f.), Mrs., wife, 
 not Frau \pron. frow ; abbr. 
 Fr. ; pi. Frauen. 
 
 Frauenhofer (J. von), 
 1 787-1826, physicist. 
 
 Fraulein* (Ger. n.), 
 ' 'Miss," young lady, pron. 
 froi'line : pi. same ; abbr. 
 Frl. 
 
 Frazer (J. G.), 1854-, 
 folklorist (5^^ a/so Fraser). 
 
 F.R.C.I., Fellow of the 
 Royal Colonial Institute ; 
 F.R.C.O,., Fellow of the 
 Royal College of Organ- 
 ists ; F.R.C.P., ditto 
 Physicians; F.R.C.P.E., 
 ditto Physicians, Edin- 
 burgh; F.R.C.P.I., ditto 
 Physicians of Ireland ; 
 F.R.C.S.,ditto Surgeons, 
 London ; F.R.C.S.E., 
 ditto Surgeons, Edin- 
 burgh ; F.R.C.S.I., 
 ditto Surgeons of Ireland ; 
 F.R.C.S.Ij., ditto Sur- 
 geons, London (L. rarely 
 added); F.R.C.V.S.L., 
 ditto Veterinary Sur- 
 geons, London. 
 
 Freacadan Dubh(Gael.), 
 the Black Watch (regi- 
 ment). 
 
 F.R.Econ.Soc., Fellow 
 of the Royal Economic 
 Society. 
 
 Fred., Frederic, Frederick. 
 When it is the full name, 
 or a diminutive of famili- 
 arity, it takes no point. 
 
 free/ of all average, abbr. 
 f.a.a.*; ditto general 
 average, f.g.a. ; ditto 
 particular average, 
 f.p.a. ; — on board, 
 f.o.b. * ; — on rail, f.o.r. 
 
 Freemason's Tavern, 
 London, W.C, apos. 
 
 fcee/ - thinker*, — 
 
 -thought* (hyphens). 
 
 free will* (two words). 
 
 freeze* {see also frieze). 
 
 frei (Ger.), free ; abbr. fr. 
 
 Freiberg, near Dresden. 
 
 Freiburg, or Fribourg, 
 Switz. 
 
 Freiburg/ im Breisgau; 
 German abbr. — i. B. 
 
 Freiberr, Ger. title ; abbr. 
 Frbr, 
 
 " Freischxitz (Der )," 
 opera by Weber, 1819. 
 
 freize, erron. for frieze*. 
 
 Fremantle, W. Australia, 
 not Free-. 
 
 French (typ.), alphabet as 
 Eng. ; acute accent (') 
 used only over e, giving 
 sound of a in Eng. date ; 
 when two e's come to- 
 gether, the &rst always has 
 acute accent, as nee ; ad- 
 jectives of nationality, 
 the first personal pronou n, 
 months, and days of week, 
 have not caps., as anglais, 
 je, mars, lundi; cedilla C 
 (f) only used before a, o, 
 and u ; circumflex ac- 
 cent (^) is used over any 
 vowel; diaeresis, as in 
 Eng.; grave accent (^) 
 used over a, e, and « ; the 
 digraphs », oe, not to be 
 
 139 
 
FRENCHIFIED —F.R.S.S.A. 
 
 separated; hsrphenneed 
 not be used with compound 
 adjectives, nouns, verbs, 
 or numerals ; abbr. Fr. 
 
 frenchified*, French-like 
 (not cap.). 
 
 french polish/*, -er 
 (two words, not cap.). 
 
 frenum, use frae- *. 
 
 frenzy*, not ph-. 
 
 freq., frequent, -ly, -ative. 
 
 frhre (Fr. m.), brother, 
 friar. 
 
 fresco/*, pi. -es* (not ital.). 
 
 freshwater*, adjective 
 (one word), noun (two 
 words). 
 
 Fresnel (A. J.),i788-i827, 
 physicist 
 
 F.R.G.S., Fellow of the 
 Royal Geographical So- 
 ciety. 
 
 F.R.Hist.Soc, Fellow of 
 the Royal Historical So- 
 ciety. 
 
 Ftbr. (Ger.), Freiherr (a 
 title). 
 
 F.R.H.S., Fellow of the 
 Royal Horticultural So- 
 ciety. 
 
 Fri., Friday. 
 
 Friar, abbr. Fr. 
 
 friar* (typ.), a light or im- 
 perfectly inked patch in 
 printed matter. 
 
 friar's balsam *, not friars' 
 balsam. 
 
 F.R.I.B.A., Fellow of the 
 Royal Institute of British 
 Architects. 
 
 Fribourg, see Freiburg. 
 
 fricandeau/*, braised and 
 larded fillet of veal ; pL 
 -X* (not ital.). 
 
 fricassee*, a white stew 
 (not ital., no accent). 
 
 frictionize*, to rub, not 
 -ise. 
 
 Friday, abbr. F., or Fri.; 
 (astr.) sign ?. 
 
 Friedrichsnih, Bis- 
 
 marck's residence. 
 
 frier, use fryer *. 
 
 frieze*, cloth, also part 
 
 below cornice, not frei-; 
 proH. frez. 
 
 Mpller* (Fr.), fern, -iere, 
 dealer in old clothes, not 
 fripp.. 
 
 Fris., Frisia (Friesland), 
 Frisian. 
 
 frisette*, curls on fore- 
 head, not -tt, friz-. 
 
 Mtl (Fr. cook.), fern, -e, 
 fried. 
 
 frizz*, to roughen, not friz. 
 
 Frl. (Ger.), Fraulein (Miss). 
 
 F.R.Met.Soc, Fellow of 
 the Royal Meteorological 
 Society; F.R.M.S., ditto 
 Microscopical Society. 
 
 fro (no point). 
 
 Froebel (F. W. A.), 1782- 
 1852, educationist. 
 
 frolic/*, -ked*, -king*. 
 
 fromage (Fr. m.), cheese. 
 
 Frontignac*, a muscat 
 grape or wine (not ital.). 
 
 frontis/piece* (typ.), faces 
 title (one word) ; in Fr. m. 
 'pice. 
 
 Froude (J. A.), 1818-94, 
 historian ; pron. frood. 
 
 "Froufrou,** comedy by 
 Meilhac and Halevy. 
 
 frou-frou* (Fr. m.), a rust- 
 ling. 
 
 Frowde (H.), publisher, 
 London ; pron. frowd. 
 
 frowzy*, musty, «o^frous-, 
 frouz-, frowsy. 
 
 F.R.S., Fellow of the Royal 
 Society, in Lat. S.R.S. 
 (Societatis Regt'se Sodali's) ; 
 frs., francs; F.R.S.A.I., 
 Fellow of the Royal 
 Society of Antiquaries of 
 Ireland; F.R.S.C., ditto 
 Royal Society, Canada ; 
 F.R.S.E., ditto Edin- 
 burgh ; F.R.S.G.S., ditto 
 Geog. Society of Scot- 
 land ; F.R.S.L., ditto 
 of Literature; ditto Royal 
 Society, London, usually 
 F.R.S. only; F.R.S.S., 
 ditto Statistical Society ; 
 F.R.S.S.A., ditto Scot- 
 
 130 
 
P.R.S.S.S. — PUSIYAMA 
 
 tish Societ}^ of Arts ; 
 F.R.S.S.S., ditto Statis- 
 tical Society of Scotland. 
 
 frumenty*, boiled wheat 
 with milk, sugar, etc., not 
 the many variations. 
 
 frnst/um* (geometry), not 
 -rum ; />/. -a*. 
 
 fryer*, not frier. 
 
 F.S. (Fr.), /aire suivre (to 
 be forwarded); P.S.A., 
 Fellow of the Society of 
 Antiquaries ; F.S.A.I1., 
 ditto of London, usually 
 P.S.A.only;P.S.A.Scot., 
 ditto of Scotland; F.S.I., 
 Fellow of the Sanitary In- 
 stitute, Fellow of the Sur- 
 veyors' Institution, Free 
 Sons of Israel ; F. S. S., 
 «om; F.R.S.S. ; F.S.S.I., 
 Fellow of the Statistical 
 Society of Ireland. 
 
 Ft., fcrt; ft., faint, feet, 
 (paper) flat, foot, forti- 
 fied ; F.T.C.D., Fellow of 
 Trinity College, Dublin. 
 
 ftichsia* (bot.) (not ital.). 
 
 fuc/us* (Lat), a seaweed; 
 pi. -1*. 
 
 ftielled*, not -eled. 
 
 fuggy* (Sc), foggy. 
 
 fugleman*, leader in mili- 
 tary exercises, not flugel-, 
 flugle-, fugal-, fugel-. 
 
 fugue* (mus.) (not ital.). 
 
 Fujiyama, volcano, Japan, 
 not the many variations. 
 
 Fulahs, Sudanese, not 
 Fellah, Fellani, Feulhs, 
 Foulahs, Fulbe (see also 
 feUah). 
 
 fulcr/um*, a prop ; pi. -a* 
 (not ital.). 
 
 fulgor*, splendour, not 
 -gour. 
 
 full-bound*, bound en- 
 tirely in leather (hyphen). 
 
 full-faced (typ.), A 
 FOUNT OF CAPI- 
 TALS OCCUPY- 
 ING THE WHOLE 
 DEPTH OF THE 
 BODY, AS THIS. 
 
 fullness*, «o/ fulness. 
 
 full point* (typ.), the 
 full stop or period {see 
 punctuation, XXI). 
 
 fulmar*, a petrel. 
 
 fumatory*, a place for 
 smoking {see also fumi-), 
 
 fumigator*, not -er. 
 
 fumitory* (bot.), a plant 
 {see also fuma-). 
 
 function (math.), abbr. 
 F (no point). 
 
 fung/us*, pi. -i* (not ital.). 
 
 funny-bone*, at elbow 
 (hyphen). 
 
 fur., furlong. 
 
 tiir (Gen), for ; abbr. f. 
 
 furbelow, a flounce, not 
 -How. 
 
 furfur/*, dandruff; pi. 
 -es* (not ital.). 
 
 furlong, abbr. f., or fur. 
 
 furmenty, use fru-*. 
 
 Furness (Sir C), 1852-. 
 
 Furniss (Harry), 1854-, 
 caricaturist. 
 
 furniture (typ.), the 
 material used in making 
 margins, etc., for a printed 
 sheet. 
 
 furor* (Lat.), rage (ital.). 
 
 furore* (It.), enthusiastic 
 admiration (not ital.). 
 
 furry*, fur-like. 
 
 Fxirst von Bismarck, 
 Prince Bismarck. 
 
 further*, in addition to. To 
 be used only when the 
 notion of far, or distance 
 in space, is altogether 
 absent (see also far- 
 ther). 
 
 fusain*, a special crayon. 
 
 fus/e*, -ee, not fuz-. 
 
 F.U.S.f, (Ger.), Fortsetzung 
 und Schluss folgen (to be 
 continued and conclud- 
 ed). 
 
 fusible*, «o/-able. 
 
 fusil*, not'zW. 
 
 fusilier*, not -leer. 
 
 fusillade*, «o/-ilade. 
 
 Fusiyama,volcano,Japan, 
 use Fujiyama. 
 
 131 
 
 0* 
 
FUSK — P.Z.S. 
 
 fusk*, dark-brown, «o/ fuse. F.W.A., Factories and 
 
 fut., future. Workshops Act; P. W.B., 
 
 futhorc*, runic alphabet, Free Will Baptists. 
 
 not -ark, -ork. Pyzabad, use Paiaabad. 
 
 futtock* (naut.), not P.Z.A. (Amer.), Fellow of 
 
 foothook, -oak. the Zoological Academy, 
 
 fuz/e, -ee, -il, use fus-*. P.Z.S., Fellow of the 
 
 f.v., folio verso (on the back Zoological Society. 
 
 of the page). 
 
 iSfl 
 
P NOTES 
 
 I 
 
 »33 
 
F NOTES 
 
 X34 
 
o. — OALiTznr 
 
 G 
 
 G., Grand, Gulf, (naval) 
 gunnery, the seventh 
 in a series, all proper 
 names with this initial. 
 
 g., guinea, -s, (Fr.) gauche 
 (left), gros], -se (big), 
 (naut.)j gloomy. 
 
 g* (dyn.), acceleration of 
 gravity. 
 
 G-.A., General Assembly. 
 
 Qa., Gallic, Georgia (oflf.). 
 
 Ga (chem.), gallium. 
 
 gabbro^* (geol.)r P^- -s. 
 
 gaberdine*, a loose cloak, 
 not gaba-. 
 
 Gaboriau (]6.), 1835-73, 
 Fr. writer. 
 
 gaby*, a simpleton, not-ey, 
 gabbey, gawby. 
 
 Gadarene swine. 
 
 Gaddi, family of Florentine 
 painters, 1259-1396. 
 
 Gadhelio*, of the Scotch 
 Gaels. 
 
 Gaditanian*, of Cadiz. 
 
 gadolinum, symbol Gd. 
 
 Gadshill, Charles Dick- 
 ens's residence, 1860-70 
 (one word). 
 
 Gaekwar, not Guico-. 
 
 Gaelic/, abbr. Gael. ; — al- 
 phabet, same as English, 
 but no/, kf qj v, w, x,y, z. 
 
 gage*, a, or to, pledge {see 
 also gauge). 
 
 gage tTamour (Fr. m.), 
 love-token. 
 
 galete de ccear (Fr. f.), 
 light - heartedness (not 
 gaite). 
 
 gaiety*, not gay-. 
 
 Gaikwar, use Gaek.. 
 
 gaillarde (Fr. typ.f.), a size 
 of type between eight 
 and nine point, or about 
 bourgeois. 
 
 gaillardia* (botany), a 
 plant. 
 
 gaily*, not gayly. 
 gainsay* (one word). 
 Gairdner (James), 1828-, 
 
 hist. ; — (Sir W. T.), 
 
 1824-, physician ; pron. 
 
 gard'ner {see also Gard-). 
 gairfish, use gar-*, 
 gairfo'wrl, use gare-*. 
 Gair Ijoch, Clyde, use 
 
 Gare — . 
 Gal., Galatians. 
 gal., gallon, -s. 
 gala/*, pi -s (not ital.). 
 galantine* (cook.), not 
 
 gall- (not ital.). 
 Oalantuomo (II Re), 
 
 King Victor Emmanuel I. 
 galanty show*, a shadow 
 
 pantomime, not -tee, 
 
 gallantee, -ty. 
 Galatea (Acis and). 
 Galatia, Asia Minor. 
 Galatz, not-sicz, -atch. 
 galavant, use galli-*. 
 gale (meteor.), wind mov- 
 ing 40-70 miles per hour, 
 galSe (Fr. typ. f.), a galley. 
 galeeny*, a guinea-fowl, 
 
 not -aney, -ainy, -eny, 
 
 -ina, -iny, -llini. 
 galena* (mineral.), not 
 
 -sena. 
 galera (Sp. typ.), a galley. 
 galhre {qWallait il taire 
 
 dans cette) (Fr.), what 
 
 business had he there ? 
 galerie (Fr. f.), gallery. 
 Galilean*, of Galilee, or 
 
 of Gahleo. 
 Galileo [Galilei], 1564- 
 
 1642, astr. etc. ; in Fr. 
 
 QaliUe, It. OalileL 
 galingale*, a sedge, not 
 
 gala-, 
 galiot, a vessel, use gall-*, 
 galipot*, a resin. 
 Galitzin, Russ. family, not 
 
 Gall-, Galy-, Goly-. 
 
 135 
 
GAIiLANTY — GARCKE 
 
 gallantysho'WjMs^gala-*. 
 
 gallaway, see gallo-. 
 
 Galle (Point de), Ceylon. 
 
 gallery, in Fr. f. galerie. 
 
 Galles(Fr. f. sing.), Wales. 
 
 galley/* (typ. \ a flat oblong 
 tray for holding composed 
 type ; -^ proofs*, those 
 supplied in "slips" about 
 i8 in. long {see proof). 
 
 Gallic, abbr. Ga. 
 
 gallicize*, to make Gallic 
 or French, not -ise. 
 
 galligaskins *, not -in. 
 
 gallimaufry*, a medley. 
 
 Gallio, a typical sceptic. 
 
 galliot*, a vessel, wo^gali-. 
 
 GallipoH, S. Italy, Turkey. 
 
 gallipot *, a small jar. 
 
 gallium*, symbol Ga. 
 
 gallivant*, not gala-, gali-. 
 
 gallon/, -s, abbr. gal. 
 
 galloon*, a dress trimming. 
 
 gallop/*, a horse's move- 
 ment ; -ed*, -er*, 
 -ing* {see also galop). 
 
 gallopade *, Hungarian 
 dance, «o/galop-, gallopp-. 
 
 Gallo vidian*, ofGallo way . 
 
 Galloway, S.W. Scot. 
 
 galloway*, a horse, also 
 breed of cattle, not galla-. 
 
 Gallwey (Sir Ralph 
 Payne), 1848-, writer 
 {see also Galw^ay). 
 
 galoot* (U.S.A.), an awk- 
 ward fellow, not gall-, 
 geel-. 
 
 galop/*, a dance {see also 
 gallop). 
 
 galore*, in abundance (not 
 ital.). 
 
 galosh/*, an overshoe, 
 not -oche, -oeshoe, -oshe, 
 goloshe ; -ed * ; in boot- 
 trade golosh. 
 
 galumph*, to galop trium- 
 phant. 
 
 galv., galvanic, -ism. 
 
 Galvani (Luigi), 1737-98, 
 discoverer of galvanism. 
 
 galvaniser (Fr. typ.), to 
 electrotype. 
 
 galvanize*, mo/ -ise. 
 
 Oalvanoplastik (Ger. f.), 
 
 electrotyping. 
 Galway, W. Ireland {see 
 
 also Gallwey). 
 Galwegian*, of Galloway. 
 Gama (Vasco da), 1467- 
 
 1524, navigator. 
 gambler*, a gum, not 
 
 -beer, -bir. 
 gambit (chess opening), 
 
 Allgaier, Kieseritzki, 
 
 Muzio, Salvio, Steinitz. 
 gamboge*, not -booge. 
 gambol/*, -led*, -ling*. 
 " Game and Playe of 
 
 Chesse (The),** 1475. 
 gamekeeper* (one word), 
 gamin*, a street arab (not 
 
 ital.). 
 gammon*, a cured ham, 
 
 not gamon. 
 gamy*, of game, not -ey. 
 Gand, Fr. for Ghent. 
 Gandamak, Afghanistan, 
 
 not Gundamuk. 
 G. & S.W.R., Glasgow and 
 
 South-Western Railway, 
 gangli/on*, pi. -a*, 
 gangway* (one word), 
 ganister*, a hard stone, 
 
 not gann-. 
 Qaasefusschen . (Ger. 
 
 typ. n. pi.), quotation 
 
 marks (cap.) {see also 
 
 German), 
 gantlet, use gaun-*. 
 gantry*, a beer-stand, not 
 
 gaun-. 
 gaol/, -er, but jslHJ*, -er* 
 
 preferred {see also goal). 
 G.A.R., Grand Army of 
 
 the Republic, 
 garage (Fr. m.), coach- 
 house for motor-car, dock, 
 
 siding (not ital.). 
 garamond (Fr. typ.), a 
 
 ten-point type. 
 Garay (Jdnos), 1812-53, 
 
 Hungarian poet. 
 Gareilasso/ de la Vega, 
 
 1503-36, Sp. poet; — 
 
 "the Inca," 1540-1616. 
 Garcke (Emil), 1856-, 
 
 electrician. 
 
 136 
 
GARCON — GAUDEAMUS 
 
 gar^on* (Fr. m.), bachelor, 
 boy, waiter (ital.). 
 
 ^artfe/(Fr.m.),akeeper;(f.)a 
 sick-nurse ; (typ. m.), end- 
 papers ; — a cheval (m. ), 
 mounted guard; — cham- 
 pStre, rural policeman,/"/. 
 gardes champStres (no 
 
 hyphen) ; chlourme, 
 
 convict warder ; cdte, 
 
 coast-guard, pi. gardes- 
 cdtes ; — -fou (m.), a 
 parapet. 
 
 Qarde nationale (Fr.), 
 national guard (I.e. n). 
 
 ** Gardeners* Chronicle 
 (The)," abbr. G.Ch. 
 
 gardenia* (bot.) (not 
 
 . ital.). 
 
 Gardens, abbr. Gdns. 
 
 Gardiner (Samuel Ra^w- 
 son), 1829-1902, his- 
 torian ; — (Stephen), 
 1483-1555, Bp. of Win- 
 chester {see also Gair-). 
 
 Gardner (E. A.), 1862-, 
 archaeologist; — (Percy), 
 1846 -, archaeologist ; — 
 (Wells), Darton & 
 Co., publishers, London 
 {see also Gair-). 
 
 gare (Fr.f.), railway station. 
 
 gare-fowl*, the great auk, 
 not gair-, gar- (hyphen). 
 
 Gare Iioch, Clyde, not 
 Gair — . 
 
 garfish*, not gair-, gare-. 
 
 gargarize*, not -ise. 
 
 gargoyle *, not -lie. 
 
 Garhwal, N.W. India. 
 
 gari, use gharry *. 
 
 garish*, not gair-. 
 
 garlic*, 6«/ garlicky*. 
 . Garlies (Lord), 1892-, 
 son of Earl of Galloway. 
 
 Garnet (Henry), 1555- 
 1606, of the Gunpowder 
 Plot. 
 
 garnet*, a stone. 
 
 Garnett (Dr. Richard), 
 1835-1906, author, libra- 
 rian. 
 
 garnji (Fr.), /em. -/e, fur- 
 nished. 
 
 garron*, a horse, not -an. 
 garrott/e*, to throttle ; 
 
 -er*, not -ote, garotte. 
 Garter King-of-Arms*, 
 
 not — — at — (caps., 
 
 hyphens). 
 gasconade*, boasting, to 
 
 boast, not gasconn-. 
 gaselier*, not gasa-, gaso-. 
 gasification*, not gase-, 
 
 gassi-. 
 Gaskell (Mrs.), 1810-65, 
 
 writer. 
 gasogene, use gazo-*. 
 gasolene*, Ko^-leine,-line, 
 
 gazoline. 
 gasometer, use gashold- 
 er. 
 gaspillJS (Fr.), /em. ~ie, 
 
 squandered. 
 Gasserian ganglion*, 
 
 not C . 
 
 gasteropod*, a mollusc, 
 
 not -tropod (not ital.). 
 Gasteropoda*, the mollusc 
 
 class, not -tropoda (not 
 
 ital). 
 Oastjhaus (Ger. n.), an 
 
 inn ; pi. -hauser (cap.). 
 Oastlbof (Ger. m.), an 
 
 hotel ; pi. -bote (cap.). 
 gastronome*, a judge of 
 
 good eating (not ital.). 
 gitJ6{Fr.),/em. -^e,spoiled. 
 gUteau (Fr. m.), a cake. 
 gate/-keeper*, — -post* 
 
 (hyphens). 
 gate-way* (one word). 
 gather* (typ.), to place the 
 
 printed sheets of a book 
 
 in proper sequence. 
 Oattungj (Ger. f.), genus; 
 
 pi. -en (cap.). 
 Qaa (Ger. m.), county, or. 
 
 district (cap.). 
 gauch/e *, awkward ; 
 
 -erie *, awkwardness 
 
 (not ital.). 
 gauche (Fr.), left ; abbr. g. 
 
 (ital.). 
 gaucho/*, a native of the 
 
 pampas, not gua-; pi. -s. 
 gaudeamus*, college- 
 students' merry-making. 
 
 137 
 
GAUDICHAUD — GEIiEBT 
 
 Oandichand (C), 1789- 
 1864, ix>tanist ; aibbr. 
 Gaud- 
 
 gauffer, uu goffer*. 
 
 gaug/e*, a measure ; -ing*, 
 not guage (^see also gage). 
 
 gAWaXlBtl*, a long glove^ 
 ffo/gant-; -te<L 
 
 gauntr/ee, -y, use 
 gantry*. 
 
 gaur*, Indian ox, tiot gore, 
 gonr (not ital.). 
 
 OtLuaa (J. K. P.), 1777- 
 1855, mathematidan, 
 
 Oautonuk Buddha^ fbnn- 
 der of Buddhism. 
 
 gauzy*, not -ey. 
 
 g^vel*! a president's mallet. 
 
 gavotte*, a dance or music, 
 not -otf -ott. 
 
 gawl^, ttse gaby *. 
 
 gayfity, -ly, ks^ gaiety*, 
 gaily*. 
 
 Gay-Lussac (It J.)> 
 1 7 78-1850, ch emi s t 
 
 gaz., gazette, -er. 
 
 gazel, «5tf ghazal*. 
 
 gazelle *, antelope, m?/ -el. 
 
 gazett/e*, -eer *, abbr. gaz. 
 
 gazogene*, aerated-water 
 ^^Mratns, mo^ -en, £;aso- 
 gene (not itaL). 
 
 G.B^ Great Britain ; O. B. 
 A IL, Great Britain and 
 Ireland ; gbr, (German), 
 gdf r audi H ek (osnal). 
 
 O. C, Gentleman Cadet, 
 Grand Chancellor, — 
 Chapter, — Conductor; 
 O.C.B., Knight Grand 
 Cro» of the Bath ; g.cX 
 (math.), greatest common 
 Hactor; a.C.H., Knight 
 Grand Cross of Hanover ; 
 G-.Ch., "The Gardeners* 
 Chronicle"; G.CUB., 
 Knight Grand Com- 
 ' mander of the Indian Em- 
 pire; G.C.IiJB., Grand 
 Cross of the Legion of 
 Himoor; g.CJn.(math.), 
 greatest common meas- 
 ure ; G.C.M.G., Knight 
 Grand Cross of St. Michael 
 
 and St George; O.CILy 
 
 Great Central Railway ; 
 
 a.C.S.I., Knight Grand 
 
 Commander of the Star 
 
 of India; a.C.V.O., 
 
 Knight Grand Crossof the 
 
 Rojral Victorian Order. 
 G.I>., Grand dudiess, 
 
 — duchy, — duke ; Qd 
 
 (chem.), gadolinum ; 
 
 Gdns., Gardens. 
 Oe (ebon.), germaniam ; 
 
 g.e. (binding), gilt edges. 
 Qeb. (Ger.), Gtbriider 
 
 (Brothers). 
 geb» (Ger.),^iB6ofw«(bom), 
 
 gebunden (bound). 
 Gebirge (Ger. n.), moan- 
 tain dudn (cap.). 
 Qebruder(Gtr.\ Brothers; 
 
 abbr. Qeb. (cap,;, 
 gecko/ *, a house-lizard ; 
 
 pi. -s. 
 Qedankenstricb (Ger. m. 
 
 typ.), pause, dash, em 
 
 rule (cap.). 
 gee/-ho*, ^up*, call to 
 
 horses, not }e~. 
 Gebeimrat {Ger. m.), privy 
 
 councillor, MO/ -ath ; abbr. 
 
 Oeb, (cap.). 
 Qeibel fB. von), 1815-84, 
 
 German poet. 
 Geikie (Sir A.), 1835-, 
 
 geologist; ffTon. gSltfi. 
 QeisenlLeiiner, a white 
 
 Rhine wine. 
 gCisbM*^ Jap. dancing-girl; 
 
 pL same, pron. ga'- 
 
 sha. 
 Oeissler (H.), 1814-79, 
 
 inventor of vacuum tube 
 
 named after him {see also 
 
 Giesler;. 
 gekroDter Dicbter{Ger.\ 
 
 Poet Laureate (one cap.). 
 gelatine *, not -in. 
 gelatinize*, not -ise. 
 Geld ((ier. n.), money 
 
 (cap.\ 
 Gelderlajid, use Gue-. 
 
 gelder ro&e, use gue *. 
 
 gelSe (Fr. t\ frost, jelly. 
 Gelert, of Welsh legend. 
 
GELINOTTE — GEO. 
 
 gelinotte*, hazel-hen, not 
 
 -ote. 
 Gellert (C. P.), 1715-69, 
 
 German poet, 
 gelsemium/* (bot.), not 
 
 -inum ; pi. -8. 
 
 gem [^YP.}, type, .ighteea »nd »^f 
 lines to the incu m this. 
 
 gemel*, finger- ring, hinge, 
 
 etc., not gemew, gimbal, 
 
 gimmal, gimmer. 
 Gemini * (astr. ) , Castor and 
 
 Pollux, symbol n (not 
 
 ital.). 
 getninja*, a bud ; pi. -a?*. 
 gemsbok*, S. African 
 
 antelope, «o^-buck. 
 Gen., General, Genesis, 
 
 Geneva, 
 ^en., gender, genera, 
 
 general, -ly, generic, 
 
 genitive, genus, 
 gendarme/* (Fr. m.), pi. 
 
 -s*. 
 gendarmery*, in Fr. f. 
 
 gendarmerie*, body of 
 
 soldiers used as police. 
 gender, abbr. gen. 
 ginle (Fr. f.), constraint; 
 
 -e, /em. -^e, constrained, 
 genealogize*, to trace 
 
 descent, not -ise. 
 gSnSpi (Fr. m.), « Swiss " 
 
 absinth. 
 genera, see genus. 
 General, abbr. Gen. 
 General Assembly (Sc. 
 
 Ch.), abbr. G.A. 
 general election (not 
 
 caps.). 
 generalla*f general prin- 
 ciples. 
 Generalissimo* f supreme 
 
 commander, 
 generalize*, mo/ -ise. 
 generator*, not -er. 
 Genes, Fr. for Genoa. 
 Genesis, abbr. Gen. 
 genes/is, pi. -es. 
 genet*, one of the cats 
 
 {see «/5o jennet). 
 Genevan*, of Geneva, not 
 
 -ian. 
 Gendve, Fr. for Geneva. 
 
 Gene/vese*, 5. and pi., of 
 Geneva; in Fr. -volsl, 
 /. -e. 
 
 Genevidve (Sainte), 
 patron of Paris ; pron, 
 zhen'vy-av. 
 
 Genf, Ger. for Geneva. 
 
 genit, 5^* genet, jennet. 
 
 genitive, abbr. gen., or 
 genit. 
 
 gen/ius*,/*/. -ii*, -iuses*. 
 
 genius loci* (Lat.), the 
 pervading spirit of a 
 place. 
 
 Gennesaret (Sea of). 
 
 gennett, see genet, jen- 
 net. 
 
 Genoese*, of Genoa, not 
 -ovese. 
 
 genre* (art), a painting of 
 the ordinary scenes of life 
 (not ital.). 
 
 gens*, a clan ; pi. gentes*, 
 
 gens de la mime famllle 
 (Fr. m.), birds of a feather. 
 
 Qens de Lettres {SocI6t6 
 des), Fr. soc. of authors. 
 
 Gensfleisch, see Guten- 
 berg. 
 
 gent., gentleman, -men. 
 
 Gentele's green, a colour. 
 
 gentlll (Fr.), /em. -/e, 
 gentle ; pron. zhahn'tee. 
 
 Gentile (cap.). 
 
 gentllhomme (Fr. m.), 
 gentleman ; pi. gentlls- 
 bommes, 
 
 gentilize*, not -ise. 
 
 gentleman/ - at - arms* ; 
 — -at -large*; — of 
 the Chapel Royal, a lay 
 singer there (no hyphen). 
 
 gentleman's card (typ.), 
 or " thirds," 3V16 XI Vain. 
 
 Gentlemen, for printed 
 letters, to be indented 
 one em (cap., comma, no 
 dash ; s.caps. for circu- 
 lars) ; abbr. Gent. 
 
 genuflexion*, «o/-ction. 
 
 genus*, pi. genera*, abbr. 
 gen. (see also botany, 
 zoology, etc). 
 
 Geo., George. 
 
 139 
 
GEOD. — GERMAN 
 
 geod., geodesy. 
 GeojBEcoy Saint-Hilaire 
 
 (]6.)> 1772-1844, zoologist 
 (one hyphen only). 
 geog., geographer, -ical, -y. 
 geogeny*, study of the 
 earth formation, not -ony. 
 Geoghegaji, pron. gay'gan. 
 geographic/ abbrevia- 
 tions, usually consist of 
 first syllable, as Eng. Eng- 
 land, but it is better itot 
 to abbreviate names of 
 cities, places, towns ; — 
 qualifiers, used before 
 nouns, as common every- 
 day terms, do not need 
 caps., as Chinese blue, 
 indian ink, roman type, 
 gaol., geological, -ist, -y. 
 geologize*, not -ise. 
 geology, names of forma- 
 tions to have caps., as Old 
 Red Sandstone {see also 
 botany, capitaliza- 
 tion, italic, zoology), 
 geom., geometer, -trical, 
 
 -try. 
 geometry, see matnenia- 
 
 tics. 
 Qeorg, Ger. for George. 
 Georgia, U.S.A., off. abbr. 
 
 Ga. 
 Georgium sidus * (astr.), 
 
 old name for Uranus. 
 G.E.R., Great Eastern 
 
 Railway. 
 Ger., German, Germany, 
 ger., gerund, 
 geranium/* (bot.), pi. -s 
 
 (not ital.). 
 gSraat (Fr. m.), editor, 
 
 manager. 
 Gerard (John), 1545- 
 1612, botanist, not -arde. 
 gerfalcon*, not gyr-, jer-. 
 Gering (Ulric), d. 1570, 
 
 first printer in Paris, 
 ger kin, use ghe-*. 
 Grerman, abbr. Ger.; (typ.) 
 same letters as English. 
 There are elaborate rules 
 for capitalization, division 
 of words, compounding. 
 
 etc. The following must 
 here suflBce. The German 
 character is ^' Fraktur,'^ 
 the roman '^Antiqua.^^ 
 Fraktur has no small caps, 
 or italics : emphasis being 
 given b}' interspacing each 
 letter. Ae, Oe^ Ue, 
 except in some proper 
 names, are now always 
 rendered A, 0, U. The 
 ligatures £B, a, are not gen- 
 erally used, t is now used 
 for th in all but proper 
 names and foreign words, 
 as Tal, not Thai. Rat, not 
 Rath. The plural of many 
 words is formed by chang- 
 inga, o, M, to a, 6, w.as Vater 
 (father), Vdter (fathers). 
 Division of words is by 
 sound, but prefixed nouns, 
 prepositions, etc., remain 
 intact, SLsErbJrechtjhinlaus, 
 entjerben ; also sufiixes be- 
 ginning w^ith a consonant, 
 as -cheti, -keit, -lein, -ling, 
 
 -nis. ALL NOUNS AND 
 
 WORDS USED AS SUCH 
 HAVE CAPITAL INITIALS. 
 
 So also the personal pro- 
 nouns of the second per- 
 son, Ihnen, Ihr, Sie (to 
 you, your, you), and 
 adjectives from names 
 of places and persons, as 
 Leipziger Messe, Kantische 
 Philosophic ; but adjec- 
 tives of countries I.e., as 
 russische Sprache, deutsche 
 Industrie. The quotation 
 marks are two straight 
 commas before and two 
 turned ditto at end, „ and 
 ", or as in French. 
 
 german* to, relevant ; — 
 (cousin-), not -ane, -ain. 
 
 German Emperor, not 
 Emperor of Germany. 
 
 germanium*, symbol Ge. 
 
 germanize*, not -ise. 
 
 German text, a sf J?fc 
 of ft>pc as fBis. 
 
 140 
 
GERMANTOWlSr — GIBIER 
 
 germantown* (U.S.A.), 
 
 a wagon. 
 Germany, abbr, Ger. 
 germon* (ichth.), the long- 
 finned tunny. 
 Gerome (J. L.), 1824- 
 
 1904, Fr. painter, 
 gerrymander*, to mani- 
 pulate unfairly, «o/ je- ; 
 
 pron. g as in go. 
 Gerstacker (F.), 1816-72, 
 
 Ger. writer. 
 Qes. (Ger.), Gesellschaft (a 
 
 company or society) 
 
 (cap.). 
 Qescbichte (Ger. f.), his- 
 
 tory ; abbr. Gescb. (cap.). 
 Qescblecht (Ger. n.), 
 . species, sex (cap.). 
 Qesellscbaft (Ger. f.), a 
 
 company or society (cap.); 
 
 abbr. Qes. 
 gespaltener Satz (Ger. 
 
 typ.), matter set in 
 
 columns. 
 * * Qesta Romanoram ** 
 
 (Lat), medieval collection 
 
 of anecdotes, 
 gesticulator*, not -er. 
 gesiorben (Ger.), de- 
 ceased ; abbr. gest*, sign 
 
 t. 
 get-at-able* (hyphens). 
 gettable*, not geta-, getti-. 
 Gettysburg (battle of), 
 
 Pennsylvania, 1863. 
 Geulincx (Arnold), 1625- 
 
 69, philosopher ;/)/'o«. ge'- 
 
 links. 
 Qevierte (Ger. typ. n.), em 
 
 quadrat (cap.); balbes — , 
 
 en quadrat. 
 Gewandbaus, concert - 
 
 hall, Leipzig, 
 gewgaw* (one word). 
 geyser *, hot spring, not -ir ; 
 
 pron. gy'sr (not ital.). 
 G.F.S., Girls' Friendly So- 
 ciety. 
 G.G., Grenadier Guards, 
 g.gr., a great gross, or 144 
 
 dozen. 
 gbany*f a vehicle in 
 
 India, usually gari. 
 
 gbaut* (Aug.-Ind.), moun- 
 tain pass, not ghat, ghat, 
 ghat. 
 
 gbawazee (Arab.), dancer, 
 not -zi, gaziyah ; pi. same. 
 
 ghazal *, poetic metre, 
 not gazel, ghazel, -sel, 
 -zul. 
 
 Gheel, Belgium, insane 
 colony. 
 
 Ghent, Belg.,in Fr. Gand, 
 Fl. and Ger. Gent. 
 
 gherkin*, a small cucum- 
 ber, not ge-, gi-, gu-. 
 
 Ghetto/*, Jewish quarter; 
 pi. -es (not ital.). 
 
 ghiaour, use gi-*. 
 
 Ghibelline*, not -in,' 
 Gibeline, Guibeline. 
 
 Ghiberti (Ii.), 1378-1455, 
 goldsmith. 
 
 ghillie, «5^gi-* 
 
 Ghirlandajo (D. C), 
 1449-94, It. painter. 
 
 Ghizeh, use Gizeh. 
 
 Ghoorkas, use Gurkhas. 
 
 ghoul*, an evil spirit, not 
 -ool,-oule,-owl; pron.gool. 
 
 giallo antico* (It.), a rich- 
 yellow marble. 
 
 Giant's Causeway, An- 
 trim, not -ts'. 
 
 giaour*, a Turk, term of re- 
 proach, wo^ghiaour, giaur ; 
 pron. jowr. 
 
 Gib., Gibraltar. 
 
 gibber*, to chatter, noty. 
 
 gibbet/*, -ed*, -ing*. 
 
 Gibbins (H. de B.), 
 1865-, economist. 
 
 Gibbon (C), 1840-90, 
 writer ; — (Edward), 
 i737-94> historian. 
 
 Gibbons (Grinling), 
 1 648- 1 7 20, carver. 
 
 gib/e*, to sneer ; -er*, -ing* 
 (see also gybe, jib). 
 
 Gibeline, use Ghibel- 
 line*. 
 
 gibelotte (Fr. f.), rabbit 
 stew. 
 
 Giberne (Agnes), writer. 
 
 gibler* (Fr. m.), game, 
 wild-fowl. 
 
 141 
 
GIBLET — GLASIOIVIN 
 
 giblet*, not}!'. 
 
 gibus*, opera hat (notital.). 
 
 Qiesler, a brand of cham- 
 pagne {see also Geissler). 
 
 Giessen University, 
 Germany. 
 
 Giesserei (Ger. typ. f.), 
 foundry (cap.). 
 
 GifFen (Sir R.)» 1837-, 
 statistician ; pron. g as 
 in go. 
 
 gigot* (Fr. cook, m.), leg of 
 mutton, not gigot de mou' 
 ton ; (dress.) leg-of-mutton 
 sleeve ; not j-. 
 
 "GH Bias," by Le Sage, 
 
 . 1715- 
 
 gild, use guild*. 
 
 GilfiUan (G.), 1813-78, 
 
 writer. 
 gill (typ.), to put a gloss 
 
 on paper by hot-rolling; 
 
 pron. g as in go. 
 Gill (Jack and)*, mo/ Jill, 
 gillaroo*, rainbow trout ; 
 
 pron. g as in go (not ital.). 
 Gillett (William), 1839-, 
 
 a founder of Bachelors' 
 
 Club, London. 
 Gillette (WiUiam), 
 
 1857-, actor, writer, 
 gillie* (Scot.), a man ser- 
 vant, not ghillie, gilly. 
 Gillott (Joseph), 1799- 
 
 1873, pen-maker ; pron. j-. 
 Gillray (James), 1757- 
 
 1815, caricaturist; pron. 
 
 g as in go. 
 gillyflower*, no/ jilli- (not 
 
 itaL). 
 gilt, abbr. gt. 
 gimcrack*, not}-. 
 gimlet*, a tool, not gimb-. 
 gimp*, a trimming, a fish- 
 ing line, not gui-, gy-. 
 ginger-beer* (hyphen). 
 ginglymoid*, hinge-like, 
 
 not gingli- (not ital.). 
 ginn, use 2-*. 
 Ginn & Co., publishers, 
 
 London ; Boston, U.S.A. 
 gfinnle*(Scot.),to tickle the 
 
 gills of a fish, not ginle, 
 
 ginnel. 
 
 Ginsburg (C. D.), 1831-, 
 
 Biblical writer. 
 Giorgione, 1477 -1511, 
 
 Venetian painter; pron. 
 
 jor-jo'ne. 
 Giottesque*, of or like 
 
 Giotto (not ital.). 
 Gippsland (Bishop of), 
 gipsy*, not -sey, gypsey, 
 
 -sy. 
 "Gipsy Tents (In),** by 
 
 F. H. Groome, not -sey. 
 girandole*, a firework 
 
 (not ital.). 
 girasol*, a fire-opal, «o/ -ole. 
 girkin, use ghe-*. 
 Gironde, dep. S.W. Fr. 
 girouette* (Fr. f.), a 
 
 weathercock. 
 gitaajo* (Sp.), /em. -a, a 
 
 gipsy, 
 gite*, a stopping-place; in 
 
 Fr. m. gtte, 
 gitter* (optics), a difirac- 
 
 tion grating. 
 Giulia, It. for Julia. 
 giuoco piano, a chess 
 
 opening. 
 Giuseppe, It. for Joseph, 
 giveable*, not giva-. 
 gives, use gy- *. 
 Gizeh, Egypt, «o/Ghizeh. 
 G.Ii.( Freemasonry), Grand 
 
 Lodge. 
 Gl* (chem.), glucinum. 
 glace (Fr. cook, f.), ice. 
 glac6* (Fr.), glazed, 
 glacialized *, not -sed. 
 glacier* (not ital.). 
 glacihre (Fr. f.), an ice- 
 chamber, 
 gladiol/us* (bet.), pi. -i*. 
 Gladstonian*, not -ean. 
 glaive*, a weapon, not 
 
 -ave. 
 Glam, Glamorganshire (no 
 
 point). 
 Glamis, pron. glabra s. 
 glam/our*, 6M/-orous*. 
 glary*, dazzling, not -ey. 
 glaserian fissure* (anat), 
 
 not glass-. 
 Glasgua (Lat.), Glasgow. 
 Glasnevin, Dublin. 
 
 14a 
 
QIjASSE — GOBBO 
 
 Glasse (Mrs. Hannah), 
 
 wrote ''The Art of 
 
 Cookery" in 1747, not 
 
 Glass, 
 glassful, pi. glassfuls. 
 Glaswegian, of Glasgow. 
 Glauber (J. R.), 1604-68, 
 
 chemist. 
 Glauber's salt* (apos.). 
 glaucous* (bot.), covered 
 
 with bloom. 
 glaucus*, a gull, a mollusc, 
 glave, a weapon, use 
 
 glaive*, 
 glazer*, a polisher, 
 glazier*, a window-glass 
 
 fitter. 
 Glenalmond, Perth. 
 Glencoe, Argyl. 
 Glendower (Owen), not 
 
 Glyndwr. 
 Glenealy, Wicklow. 
 Gleneely, Londonderry, 
 glengarry*, a Scotch cap. 
 Glenlivet*, a whisky, not 
 
 -at, -it (one word). 
 Glentilt, Perth (one word), 
 glissade* (not ital.). 
 glob/e*, -y*, not -ey. 
 globigerin/a*, a foramini- 
 
 fer ; pi. -ae* (ital.). 
 glockenspiel, a set of mus. 
 
 bells or bars. 
 aioriaj* (liturgy), pi. -s*, 
 
 abbr. gl, ; **— la ex- 
 
 celsis/* " — PatrU** 
 
 hymns ; — Tihi, glory be 
 
 to Thee (cap. T). 
 Glos, Gloucester, -shire (no 
 
 point). 
 glose over (to), use -ze*. 
 gloss*, a note, not -oze. 
 gloss., glossary. 
 Gloucester, abbr. Glos. 
 gloU'morceau*j a pear, 
 
 not glout . 
 
 glower*, to gaze angrily, 
 
 not glour. 
 glow-worm* (hyphen), 
 gloxinia/*, pi. -s (not ital.). 
 gloze, a note, use gloss*, 
 gloze over* (to), not 
 
 glose. 
 glucinum* (chem.), sym- 
 
 bol Gl*, called also beryl- 
 lium*, symbol Be*. 
 Gluck (C. W. R. von), 
 
 1714-87, composer, not 
 
 GlQ.. 
 QIack (Ger. n.), luck. 
 Qliickwunsch (Ger. m.), 
 
 congratulation, 
 glu/e*, -ey*, -ing*. 
 glut/en *, not -in, -ine, but 
 
 -inize*, -inous. 
 glycerine*, not -in. 
 Glyndwr (Owen), use 
 
 Glendower. 
 G.M. *, Grand Master ; 
 
 G.M.B.* (metal.). Good 
 
 Merchantable Brand. 
 Gmelin (L.), 1788-1853, 
 
 chemist. 
 G.M.I.E., Grand Master 
 
 of the Indian Empire. 
 G.M.K.P., Grand Master 
 
 of the Knights of St. 
 
 Patrick ; G.M.M.G., 
 
 ditto (of the Order of) 
 
 St. Michael and St. 
 
 George ; G.M.S.I., ditto 
 
 Star of India ; G.M.T., 
 
 Greenwich Mean Time, 
 gnar*, to snarl, not gnarl, 
 
 gnarr, knar, 
 gneiss* (geol.), ^ro«, nice 
 
 (not ital.). 
 gnom/e*,)^w. -ide*. 
 gnosiology*, philosophy 
 
 of cognition, not -eology. 
 gnos/is*, pi. -es. Gnostic 
 
 philosophy. 
 G.N.R., Great Northern 
 
 Railway, 
 gnu/*, antelope ; pi. -s. 
 G.O., general order, grand 
 
 organ, 
 goal*, the objective at 
 
 games {see also gaol). 
 goatherd (one word). 
 goatskin* (one word). 
 goatsucker*, a bird (one 
 
 word), 
 goaty*, goat-like, 
 gobang*, a game (one 
 
 word). 
 Gobbo (Launcelot), in 
 
 " Merchant of Venice." 
 
 143 
 
GOBELLN- — GOSSE 
 
 Gobelin tapestry*, not 
 
 -ins — . 
 gobe-moucbes (Fr. m. s. 
 
 and pi.), a credulous 
 
 person. 
 Goblet d'AlvleUa (E. 
 
 count), 1 846-, Belgian 
 
 writer. 
 goby*, a fish (not ital.). 
 godchild (one word), 
 godfather* (one word). 
 God-fearing* (hyphen, 
 
 cap. G). 
 Godhead* (one word, 
 
 cap.). 
 Godlee (Bickman J.), 
 
 1848-, surgeon, 
 Godley (Sir Arthur, now 
 
 Baron Godley), 1847-. 
 god/mother*, -parent 
 
 (one word). 
 God*s acre*, a burial- 
 ground (apos., one cap.), 
 god/send*, -son* (one 
 
 word). 
 God-speed* (cap., hy- 
 phen). 
 Godwin (Mary Woll- 
 
 stonecraft), 1759-97, 
 
 writer (see also Good-). 
 god"wit*, a marsh bird. 
 Goethe (J. W. von), 
 
 1 749-1 832, writer, etc., 
 
 not Gae-, GO-, Gee-; pron. 
 
 Guh'teh. 
 gofer*, a thin batter- 
 cake, 
 goffer*, to flute, «o/gau-. 
 goi (Heb.), a Gentile; pi. 
 
 goim. 
 goitre*, a neck swelling, 
 
 not goi- ; pron. goy'tr. 
 goldfield (one word). 
 Goliath*, giant, «o/ -iah. 
 Gollancz (Israel), 1864-, 
 
 writer. 
 golosh, boot-trade spelling 
 
 of galosh*. 
 Goluchowski (count), 
 
 Chancellor of Austria. 
 gombeen-man* (In), a 
 
 usurer. 
 gombroon*, Pers. pottery, 
 
 not gomroon. 
 
 Gomorr/ah (O. Test.) ; -ha 
 
 (N. Test.), 
 gondola/*,//, -s (not ital.). 
 Gonds, Indian tribe, not 
 
 Gh-. 
 Gongora y Argote, 1561- 
 
 1627, Sp. poet, 
 good-bye* (hyphen). 
 good/ day*, — evening*, 
 
 — morning*, salutations 
 
 (two words, no hyphen). 
 Good Friday* (caps.). 
 good night*, a salutation 
 
 (two words, no hyphen). 
 Good/ Samaritan, — 
 
 Templar* (caps.). 
 goodwill*, of a business, 
 
 etc. (one word). 
 Goodwin (Harvey), 
 
 1818-91, Bp. of Carlisle, 
 
 writer (see also God-). 
 Goodwin Sands, North 
 
 Sea, not God-, 
 gool, use ghoul *. 
 goonhilly*, Cornish pony. 
 Goorkhas, use Gur-. 
 goosey*, dim. of goose, 
 
 not -sie, -sy. 
 Gordian knot* (the). 
 Gorgonzola, a cheese. 
 Gorky (Maxime), 1868-, 
 
 pen-name of A. M. Piesh- 
 
 kov, Russ. writer, 
 gormand, use gour- *. 
 gormandize *, not gour-. 
 Gorres (J. J. von), 1776- 
 
 1848, Ger. writer. 
 gorse*, furze, but goray*. 
 Gortschakoff, Russian 
 
 family, not -tchakoflF, Gor- 
 
 chakov. 
 Goschen (Viscount), 
 
 1831-1907. 
 Goschen (G. J.), 1752- 
 
 1828, German publisher, 
 
 grandfather of above. 
 Goshen, a land of plenty. 
 Gospodin (Russ.), Lord, 
 
 MT.;/etn. Qospozba, 
 Goss (Sir John), 1800- 
 
 80, composer. 
 Gosse (Edmund), 1849-, 
 
 writer ; — (P. H.), 1810- 
 
 88, naturalist. 
 
 X44 
 
GOSSIP — GRAM. 
 
 gossip/*, -ed, -er*, -ing*, 
 .y*(one/.). 
 
 gossoon* (Ang.-Ir.), a 
 youth. 
 
 Gotham (wise men of)*. 
 
 Gothic*, architecture, etc. 
 (cap.) ; abbr. Goth, 
 
 gothic (typ. ), a sturdy type 
 without serif or hair-line. 
 
 gothicize *, to render 
 medieval, not -ise. 
 
 ** Gotterdammerung** 
 (Twilight of the Gods), 
 by Wagner. 
 
 Gottingen University, 
 province of Hanover. 
 
 Qottselbeiutts {der) 
 
 (Ger.), the devUI {lit God 
 be with us). 
 
 gouache*, a method of 
 water-colour painting ; 
 pron. guash. 
 
 Gouda, a cheese. 
 
 gouge*, a concave chisel. 
 
 goujon (Fr. m.), gudgeon 
 fish. 
 
 gouk, use gowk*. 
 
 goulard water*, a lotion. 
 
 Gould, family name, />ro«. 
 goold {see also Baring- 
 Gould). 
 
 goule, use ghoul*. 
 
 gour, Ind. ox, use gauT*. 
 
 gourmand*, a glutton, 
 but gormandize* (not 
 ital.). 
 
 gourmet*, an epicure (not 
 ital.). 
 
 gout* (Fr. m.), taste. 
 
 Goiitte d*or, a white Bur- 
 gundy wine. 
 
 gouvernjeur (Fr.), gov- 
 ernor ; /em. -ante *. 
 
 gov., governor, -ment. 
 
 Government, meaning 
 the State (cap.). 
 
 Government contracts 
 (typ.), copy to be strictly 
 followed, and charged at 
 schedule prices, in which 
 reading is not allowed 
 for. 
 
 Governor - General, 
 abbr. Gov.-Gen. 
 
 Gower, pron. gor. 
 
 gowk*, a fool, not gouk. 
 
 gowl, use ghoul*. 
 
 Goya y Lucientes (F.), 
 1 746-1828, Sp. painter. 
 
 G.P., general paralysis, — 
 practitioner. Graduate in 
 Pharmacy, ^^ Gloria PatrV^ 
 (glory be to the Father) ; 
 g.P- (typ.) J great primer ; 
 G.P.M. (Freemasonry), 
 Grand Past Master ; 
 G.P.O., General Post 
 Office ; G.P.R., Genio 
 Populi Romani (to the 
 genius of the Roman 
 people). 
 
 G.R., GeorgiuSy or Guliel- 
 tnus, Rex (King George, 
 or William) ; Grand Re- 
 corder ; Gr., Grand, 
 (hot.) Asa Gray, (entom.) 
 J. L. K. Gravenhorst, 
 Greece, Grecian, Greek; 
 gr., grain, -s. 
 
 Graal, use Grail*. 
 
 grace-note* (mus.), an 
 appoggiatura (hyphen). 
 
 gradatim* (Lat.), step by 
 step. 
 
 Grsec/ism*, a Greek char- 
 acteristic; -ize*, -ophil*, 
 not Gre-. 
 
 Graetz (H.), 1817-91, 
 hist, {cee also Gratz). 
 
 Qraf* (Ger.), a count; /em. 
 Qrafin (cap.). 
 
 graffitjO* (It.), writing on 
 a wall, etc. ; pi. -/*. 
 
 Grahamize, to open post 
 letters in transit (cap.). 
 
 Graian Alps, Savoy. 
 
 Grail* (the Holy), not 
 Graal, Graile. 
 
 grain, apothecaries', avoir- 
 dupois, or troy weight, 
 all the same, being '0648 
 gramme ; abbr. gr. 
 
 gralloch* (noun and 
 verb\ not -ock (not 
 ital.). 
 
 gram, use gramme*. 
 
 gram., grammar, -ian, 
 •atical. 
 
 145 10 
 
GRAMINIVOROUS — GRAVESTONE 
 
 graminivorous*, feeding 
 
 on grass, not gramen-. 
 gramm/ar *, -arian, 
 
 -atical, abbr. gram, 
 grammaticize*, wo^-ise. 
 gram.me*, i5"432 grains, 
 
 official Board of Trade 
 
 spelling, not gram; abbr. 
 
 grm. (not ital.). 
 grammetre*, a unit of 
 
 work (not ital.). 
 
 Grammiont, E. Flanders. 
 
 Gramont (P. comte de), 
 
 • 1621-1707, not Gramm-. 
 
 gramophone*, «of grama-, 
 
 gram mo-. 
 granadilla*, one of the 
 
 passion-flowers, «o/gren- 
 
 (not ital.). 
 Gran Chaco (El), S. 
 
 America. 
 Grand, abbr. G. 
 grandam*, grandmother, 
 
 old woman, not -dame. 
 grand/child*, -daughter 
 
 (one word). 
 Grand/ duchess *, — 
 
 duchy*, — duke* (cap. 
 
 G only), abbr. G.D. 
 grandes capitales (Fr. 
 
 typ. f.), capitals. 
 grandej tenue, or — toi- 
 lette (Fr.), full dress. 
 grandeur natureile (Fr. 
 
 f.), life-size. 
 grandfather* (one word). 
 grand jury (not caps.). 
 Grand (Sarah), writer. 
 Grand Master (caps.), 
 
 abbr. G.M. 
 grandl*mdre (Fr.f.), grand- 
 mother ; pi. -.* meres, 
 grand* messe (Fr. f.), high 
 
 mass. 
 Grand Monarque (/e), 
 
 Louis XIV. 
 grand monde (/e) (Fr.), 
 
 the Court and nobility. 
 grandmother* (one 
 
 word). 
 grand/ - nephew*, — 
 
 -niece * (hyphens). 
 grand papier (Fr. m.), 
 
 large paper. 
 
 grandparent* (one word). 
 grand-pbre (Fr. m.), grand- 
 father ;/)/. grands-pkres. 
 grand} signior*, one of 
 
 high rank ;caps. the Sultan 
 of Turkey ; in Fr. — sei- 
 gneur; It. gran signo- 
 re; Sp. gran sen or, 
 
 grandson* (one word), 
 abbr. g.s. 
 
 Grangerize*, to add illus- 
 trations to a book, not 
 -ise (cap.). 
 
 grannom*, angler's fly, 
 not granam. 
 
 "Granta/* a Cambridge 
 periodical. 
 
 Grant Duff (Sir M. E.), 
 1829-1906 (no hyphen). 
 
 granter*, one who grants. 
 
 Granton, Firth of Forth. 
 
 grantor* (law), one who 
 makes a grant. 
 
 Grantown, Elgin. 
 
 graphology*, not graph- 
 ic-. 
 
 grapy*, of grapes, not 
 -ey. 
 
 gras (Fr.), /em. grasse, fat 
 {see also gros). 
 
 grass/* (typ.), casual work ; 
 — hand*, one casually 
 employed. 
 
 Grasse, France, dep. Alpes- 
 Maritimes. 
 
 gratia Dei (Lat.), by the 
 grace of God. 
 
 gratin* (Fr. cook, m.), a 
 dish prepared with bread- 
 crumbs. 
 
 gratis* (not ital.). 
 
 Grattan (Henry), 1746- 
 1820, politician. 
 
 Gratz, capital of Styria, use 
 Graz {see also Graetz). 
 
 Gratz, Prussia. 
 
 graupel*, soft hail. 
 
 grauAvacke, use grey- *. 
 
 gravam/en*, pi. -ina*. 
 
 grave accent ('). 
 
 gravelled*, «o/-eled. 
 
 Graves, a Bordeaux wine. 
 
 graves, use grea-*. 
 
 gravestone* (one word). 
 146 
 
GRAVEUR — GREEN 
 
 graveur (Fr. m.), en- 
 graver. 
 
 graveyard* (one word). 
 
 Gravis (Ger. m.), grave 
 accent (cap.). 
 
 gravure (Fr. f.), engrav- 
 ing. 
 
 gray, use grey*. 
 
 Gray (Annabel), 1853-, 
 writer ; — (Asa), 18 10- 
 88, bot., abbr. Gr. ; — 
 (Maxwell), pen-name of 
 M. G. Tuttiett, writer ; — 
 (Thomas), 17 16-71, poet 
 (see also Grey). 
 
 grayling*, a fish, tiot 
 grey-. 
 
 Gray's Inn, London. 
 
 'Graz, capital of Styria, not 
 Gratz. 
 
 grazier*, not -zer. 
 
 grS k grS (<fe) (Fr.), by 
 private contract. 
 
 greasy*, not -ey. 
 
 Great Britain, abbr. G.B. 
 
 great gross*, 144 dozen; 
 abbr. g.gr. 
 
 Greathead (Bertie), 
 1 759-1826, dramatist; — 
 (Henry), 1757-1816, in- 
 ventor of lifeboat. 
 
 Greathed (W. W. H.), 
 1826-78, Major-General. 
 
 Great Powers (the) 
 (caps.). 
 
 great primer (typ.), 
 
 an eighteen- 
 point type, as 
 
 th: 
 
 IS, four lines and 
 
 a quarter to the inch; 
 
 pron. — prim'er, abbr. 
 
 g.p. In Fr. m. gros 
 
 romain, Ger. Tertia. 
 greaves*, tallow refuse, 
 
 not gra-. 
 Grecian*, of Greece ; abbr. 
 
 Gr. 
 Grec/ism, -ize, -ophil, 
 
 use GraB-*. 
 Greco, a chess opening. 
 
 147 
 
 gredalin, use gride- ♦. 
 
 Greece, abbr. Gr. 
 
 Greek (typ.), classical and 
 modern printed the same ; 
 alphabet, 17 consonants, 
 7 vowels, 2 breathings, 
 3 accents (acute, grave, 
 and circumflex), i apos- 
 trophe, I diaeresis; note 
 of interrogation same as 
 English semicolon ; the 
 colon or semicolon same 
 as turned point (•) ; comma, 
 exclamation point, and 
 period, as in English. 
 There are many detailed 
 rules for composing, but 
 the following must here 
 suflBce : grave accent only 
 on last syllable ; diph- 
 thongs, accents, or breath- 
 ings on second vowel ; all 
 vowels or diphthon gs com- 
 mencing a word have 
 either asper (') or lenis (') 
 breathings ; the sigma (a) 
 when final is always s ; 
 in dividing words ending 
 in KTos, the k is turned 
 over ; space after elision. 
 Abbr. Gr. 
 
 Greek calends^ never. 
 
 Greeley (Horace), 1811- 
 72, Amer. journalist and 
 politician. 
 
 Greely (A. W.), 1844-, 
 Arctic explorer. 
 
 Green (John Richard), 
 1837-83, historian (see also 
 Greene, Grein). 
 
 greenback*, U.S.A. bank- 
 note. 
 
 Greene (Sir Conyng- 
 ham), 1 854-, diplo- 
 matist; — (Plunket), 
 1 865-, singer ; — 
 
 (Robert), 1560-92, dra- 
 matist (see also Green, 
 Grein). 
 
 greengage*, a plum (one 
 word). 
 
 green laver*, edible sea- 
 weed (two words). 
 
 green-room* (hyphen). 
 10* 
 
GREEN — GBOSSETESTE 
 
 Green-sand* (geol.), 
 (cap., hyphen). 
 
 gregaJe*, the Mediter- 
 ranean N.E. wind, not 
 -cale, grigale. 
 
 Gregory's Day (St.), 
 12 March. 
 
 Greiffenhagen (Maur- 
 ice), painter. 
 
 Greifswald, German 
 
 university. 
 
 Grein (J. T.), dramatic 
 critic (see also Green/, -e). 
 
 grenadine *, a fabric, 
 (cook.) a fancy dish. 
 
 gresj (Fr. m.), stoneware; 
 
 — de FlandrCy Rhine 
 stoneware. 
 
 Gr6try (A. E. M.), 1741- 
 
 1813, composer. 
 Grevy (F. P. J.), 1807-91, 
 
 Fr. President, 1879-87. 
 grey*, not gray. 
 Grey/ (Earl), 1851- ; 
 
 — (Earl de), 1852- ; 
 
 — (Lady Jane), 1537-54; 
 —(Sir Edward), 1862-, 
 politician ; — de Ruthyn 
 (Baron), 1858- ; — 
 de Wilton (Viscount), 
 1896- {see also Gray). 
 
 grey-hen*, fem. of black- 
 cock (hyphen). 
 
 greyhound* (one word). 
 
 greyUng, use gra-*. 
 
 greywacke* (geol.), not 
 grau- (not ital.). 
 
 Griboyddoff (A. S.), 
 1793-1829, Russ. poet. 
 
 gridelin*, pale purple, not 
 gredalin, -e, gridalin. 
 
 Grieg (Edvard,wo/Edw-), 
 1843-, composer. 
 
 grif&n*, a fabulous animal, 
 not -on, gryphon. 
 
 Griffith (R. T. H.), 
 1826-, Orientalist. 
 
 Griffiths (Major Ar- 
 thur), 1 838-, writer. 
 
 grigale, use gre- *. 
 
 grill*, to broil. 
 
 grillatalpa, use gryllo-*. 
 
 grille*, grating (not ital,). 
 
 grille (Fr. cook.), broiled. 
 
 Grillparzer (Pranz), 
 " 1791-1872, Aus. dram. 
 grunalMn*, a cat. 
 Grimm (Jakob), 1785- 
 
 1863; — (Wilhelm), 
 
 1786-1859. 
 Grimm's law, philology, 
 grimy*, begrimed, not-ey. 
 Grindelwald, Switz., not 
 
 Grindle-. 
 grippe (la), Fr. for in- 
 fluenza, also the grip*, 
 
 not the grippe. 
 Griqualand, S. Africa, 
 grisaille*, a method of 
 
 decorative painting (not 
 
 ital.). 
 Griselda, a model of 
 
 patience, not -ilda. 
 grisette * (Fr. f. ), a working 
 
 girl. 
 Gris-nez (Cape), Pas-de- 
 Calais (hyphen). 
 Grizel*, a proverbial meek 
 
 wife, 
 grizzly bear *, not gris — . 
 grm., gramme, -s, 
 gro., gross, 
 grogram*, silk fabric (not 
 
 ital.). 
 groin* (arch., med.) {see 
 
 also groyne). 
 Grolier (Jean), 1479- 
 
 1565, Fr. bibliophile. 
 grosi (Fr.), /em. -se, big, 
 
 abbr. g. ; une grosse 
 
 femme, a stout woman ; 
 
 une femme grosse, a 
 
 pregnant woman {see also 
 
 gras). 
 grosbeak*, the hawfinch. 
 gros bleu (Fr. m.), ^ark 
 
 blue. 
 Groschen* (m.), old Ger. 
 
 coin, about a penny ; pi. 
 
 same. 
 gros del Naples *,or 
 
 Tours, heavy silk fabric. 
 grosellle (Fr. f.), currant, 
 
 gooseberry. 
 gross, is 5. and pi. ; abbr. 
 
 gro. 
 Grosseteste (Robert), 
 
 1 175-1253, Bp. of Lincoln. 
 
 148 
 
GROTESQUE — GUILBERT 
 
 grotesque* (typ.)j a 
 square-cut letter with- 
 out serifs, as this. 
 
 grotesquerie*, not -ery 
 (not ital.). 
 
 grotto/*,/*/. -S*. 
 
 grouna-rent* (hyphen). 
 
 grovel/*, -led*, -ler*, 
 -ling*, not -eler, -eling. 
 
 groyn/e*, a breakwater; 
 -ing* {see also groin). 
 
 "Grtn. (hot.), J. Gartner. 
 
 Grubb (Sir Howard), 
 1 844-, optician. 
 
 Gruij Street, London, 
 now Milton Street. 
 
 gruesome *, not grew-. 
 
 Grufiydd (Thomas), 
 
 ' 1815-87, harpist. 
 
 grummet* (naut.), a rope 
 ring, not gro-. 
 
 Grundtvig (W. P. S.), 
 1783-1872, Danish poet ; 
 - (S. H.), 1824-83, 
 philologist. 
 
 Grundy (Mrs.)*, personi- 
 fication of social opinion. 
 
 Grunth, the Sikh scrip- 
 tures. 
 
 Gruydre* (Fr. m.), a 
 cheese. 
 
 gryllotalpa*, a mole 
 cricket, not grilla- (not 
 ital.). 
 
 gryphon, use griflRn ♦ 
 
 Gryptinus (Sebastian), 
 1493-^556, printer. 
 
 G.S., General Secretary, 
 Grand Scribe, — Secre- 
 tary, — Sentinel, — Sentry. 
 
 g.S., grandson. 
 
 G.S.& W.E,., Great South- 
 ern and Western Railway 
 (Ireland). 
 
 <GseU-Pels (Theodor), 
 1819-, topog. 
 
 g.t. (binding), gilt top. 
 
 gt., gilt, great, gutta. 
 
 guacho, use gaucho. 
 
 Guadeloupe, W. Indies. 
 
 guage, see gau-. 
 
 guaiacum* (bot.). 
 
 Guaira (La), Venezuela, 
 not Guayra. 
 
 Guam, Ladrone Islands, 
 not Guaham. 
 
 guana*, a lizard (not ital.). 
 
 guano* (not ital.). 
 
 guarant/ee*, a warrant, or 
 to make sure; -or*,Mo/-er; 
 -y*, a basis of security. 
 
 guards (binding), strips of 
 paper, etc., inserted in 
 the backs of books for 
 plates, or additional leaves , 
 to be pasted on {see also 
 Foot- guards). 
 
 guardship* (one word). 
 
 Guamieri, violin makers, 
 not -neri. 
 
 Guatemala, Cent. Amer. 
 
 Guayaquil, Ecuador. 
 
 Guayra, use La Guaira. 
 
 guazxo* (It.), a method of 
 water-colour painting. 
 
 Guelderland, Nether- ' 
 lands, not Geld-. 
 
 guelder rose*,«o/gelder — 
 (not ital.). 
 
 Guelph*, not Guelf. 
 
 Guelph and Ghibel- 
 line*. 
 
 guerdon*, a reward. 
 
 guere {ne . . . ) (Fr.), hardly. 
 
 Guernsey*, a Channel Is- 
 land. 
 
 guernsey =* 
 
 knitted 
 
 woollen shirt. 
 guerre (Fr. f.), war. 
 guerrilla* warfare (2 fs, 
 
 2r>s). 
 Guesclin (Bertrand du), 
 
 1314-80, Constable of 
 
 France, 
 guess-work* (hyphen), 
 guestling*, a Cinque Port 
 
 assembly, not ges-. 
 Guglielmo, It. for 
 
 "William. 
 Guiana (British). 
 Guibelline, use Ghi-*. 
 Guicowar, use Gaekw^ar. 
 guide-book* (hyphen). 
 Guido, It. for Guy. 
 Guignet's green, a deep 
 
 rich green. 
 Guilbert (Yvette),i869-, 
 
 actress. 
 
 149 
 
GUILD — GYVES 
 
 guild*, an association, not 
 
 gild. 
 Guildford, Surrey, not 
 
 Guilf-. 
 guild-hall*, not gi- (hy- 
 phen). 
 Guilford/ (Earl of) ; — 
 
 Street, W.C, not Guild-. 
 guillemets (Fr. typ. m.), 
 
 the Fr. quotation marks 
 
 a ». 
 guillemot*, a bird, 
 guillotine*, a beheading 
 
 apparatus, also paper-cut- 
 ting machine (not ital.). 
 guimp, Ms^gimp*. 
 Guinea (New). 
 gtiinea/, -s, abbr. g. 
 Guinevere, wife of King 
 
 Arthur, not -er. 
 Gujarat, India, use Gu- 
 
 zerat. 
 Gujranwala, Punjab. 
 Gulden* (Aus., Du., Ger.), 
 
 silver florin ; pi. same, 
 
 Aus. abbr. fl. 
 Gulf/ (typ.), cap. when with 
 
 name, as Gulf of Corinth, 
 
 Persian Gulf; abbr. G. ; 
 
 — Stream* (no hy- 
 phen). 
 Gulielmus, Lat. for 
 
 William, 
 gullible*, easily cheated, 
 
 not -able, 
 " Gulliver's Travels,** 
 
 by Swift, 1726. 
 guily*, a channel, not -ey. 
 GuUy (Rt. Hon. W. C), 
 
 1 835-, Speaker of H.C. 
 gumboil*, not -bile (one 
 
 word), 
 gumption*, mother -wit, 
 
 not -shion. 
 gun., gunnery, 
 gunboat* (one word). 
 Gundamuk, Afghanistan, 
 
 use Gandama^. 
 Gungl (Josef), 1810-89, 
 
 composer, 
 gunnery (naval), abbr, G., 
 
 or gun. 
 gunny*, sacking. 
 Gunter*s chain*, etc. 
 
 Giinther (A. C. L. G.), 
 
 1830-, ichthyologist, 
 gunwale* (naut.), not 
 
 gunnel ; pron. gun'l. 
 gup * (Ang.-Ind.), gossip. 
 Gurkhas, Indian soldiers, 
 
 not Ghoor-, Goor-. 
 gurkin, use gher-* 
 gurnard*, a fish, «o^-net. 
 Gussfeldt(Paul), 1840-, 
 
 Ger. traveller. 
 Gutenberg or Gens- 
 
 fleisoh (Johannes), 
 
 1399-1468, inventor of 
 
 printing from movable 
 
 metal types. 
 Guts Muths (J. C. P.), 
 
 1759-1839, Ger. teacher, 
 gutt/a *, a drop, abbr. gt. * ; 
 
 pi. -SB*, abbr. gtt.* 
 gutta-percha* (hyphen, 
 
 not ital.). 
 Gutzkow(K.P.), 181 1-78, 
 
 Ger. writer. 
 Gutzkow, Prussia. 
 g.U,V, (Ger.), gerecht und 
 
 vollkomnten (correct and 
 
 complete). 
 Guyot (Yves), 1843-, Fr. 
 
 econ. 
 Guzerat, India, not Guja-. 
 G.W.R., Great Western 
 
 Railway. 
 Gwydjrr (Baron). 
 Gwjrnn (Stephen), 1864-, 
 
 writer, 
 gybe* (naut.) {see also 
 
 gibe, jib), 
 gjrmkhana*, an athletic 
 
 display, not -kana (not 
 
 ital.). 
 g5rmnasi/um*, pi. -a* 
 
 (not ital.). 
 gymnotjus*, the electric 
 
 eel; pl.-i*. 
 gymp, use gimp*. 
 gyncBceum* (bot.), not 
 
 -ium, gynoe-. 
 g3rnaBcology*, study of 
 
 women's diseases, not 
 
 gyne-. 
 g3rpsy, «5^ gipsy*, 
 gyrfalcon, use ger-*. 
 gyves *, fetters, not gi-. 
 
 
 150 
 
G NOTES 
 
 151 
 
a NOTES 
 
 15a 
 
H. — HAGGAI 
 
 H., harbour, (naut.) hoy, 
 the eighth in a series, all 
 proper names with this 
 initial. 
 
 H, (anal, mech.) the total 
 energy, (chem.) hydro- 
 gen, (lead pencils) hard, 
 horizontal force of earth's 
 magnetism, (mus.) B 
 natural in Ger. system. 
 
 h., hardness, height, hour, 
 -s, husband, (naut.) hail. 
 
 b* (math.), a small incre- 
 ment. 
 
 H:.A., Horse-Artillery. 
 
 A. a., hoc anno (this year), 
 huj'us anni (this year's). 
 
 Haarlem, Holland {see 
 also Har-). 
 
 Haarstrich (Ger. typ. m.), 
 hair- stroke, serif, up- 
 stroke (cap.), 
 
 Habakkuk (the Pro- 
 phecy of), abbr. Hab. 
 
 Habana, Sp. for Havan a. 
 
 habeas corpus*, a writ ; 
 abbr. hab. corp. (not 
 ital.). 
 
 Habeas Corpus Act* 
 (caps., not ital.). 
 
 habendum* (law), part of 
 a deed. 
 
 habile*, ready, not -lie 
 (not ital.). 
 
 habitat* (not ital.). 
 
 habitu/6 * (Fr.), fern. 
 -6e*, a frequenter (not 
 ital.). 
 
 Habsburg (House of), 
 Aus. Imp. family, not 
 Hap-. 
 
 H.A.C., Honourable Artil- 
 lery Company. 
 
 Hachette et Cie, pub- 
 lishers, Paris and London. 
 
 hachis (Fr. cook, m.), 
 minced meat. 
 
 hachisch, use hashish*. 
 
 hachure*, line used in 
 
 map hill-shading. 
 Hackel (Ernst H.), 
 
 1834-, nat., not Hae-. 
 Hacklander (F.W. von), 
 
 1816-77, Ger. writer, 
 hacklet*, the kittiwake, 
 
 not hag-. 
 Hackluyt, use Hak-. 
 hackney/*, -ed*. 
 bac lege (Lat.), with this 
 
 proviso. 
 Hadden, Best, & Co., 
 
 publishers, London. 
 Haddon (John) & Co., 
 
 type-founders. 
 Haden (Sir F. Seymour), 
 
 1818-1910, etcher and 
 
 surgeon {see also Hay-). 
 Hades*, abode of the dead 
 
 (cap.). 
 badji*y title of a Mecca 
 
 pilgrim, not hajji. 
 Hadleigh, Essex, Suflfolk. 
 Hadley, Middlesex, Salop, 
 
 Worcester. 
 hadst (no apostrophe). 
 Haeckel, use Hac-. 
 hSBma-*, the prefix, as in 
 
 haematite*, not he-. 
 hsBmatin*, «o/he-, -ine. 
 hsemo-*, the prefix, as in 
 
 hsBmorrhage*, not he-. 
 baflz (Arab., Pers.), a 
 
 Moham. who knows the 
 
 Koran by heart. 
 Hdfiz, d. A. D. 1388, Persian 
 
 poet. 
 Hag., Haggai. 
 hagberry*,the bird-cherry, 
 
 not hack-, heck-, heg-. 
 bagere Scbrift (Ger. typ. 
 
 f.), lean-faced type. 
 Haggadah*, legendary 
 
 part of the Talmud, not 
 
 Agadah, Hagada, -ah. 
 Haggai (the Prophecy 
 
 of), abbr. Hag. 
 
 153 
 
HAGGARD — HALLE 
 
 haggard, in Fr. bagard. 
 
 haggis*^Sc.cook.),wo/-ess, 
 -ies. 
 
 Hague (La), N.W.France. 
 
 Hague (The), capital of 
 Netherlands ; in Dutch *S 
 Gravenhage (caps.). 
 
 ha ha*, laughter (two 
 words). 
 
 ha-ha*, a sunk fence, not 
 aha, haw-haw (not ital.). 
 
 Hahnemann (C. F. S.), 
 1 755-1843, homoeopath. 
 
 Haidarabad, India, not 
 Haider-, Hydar-. 
 
 haik*, an Arab garment, 
 not -ck. 
 
 Haileybury College, 
 Herts. 
 
 hailstone* (one word). 
 
 hair/breadth*, -brush*, 
 -dresser*, -dressing* 
 (one word). 
 
 hair/-lead* (typ.), a very 
 thin lead for spacing out 
 printed matter ; — -line 
 letter*, a type of hair- 
 lines only: a very thln-faced 
 type, as this: — -SpaCe*, 
 
 the thinnest space; — 
 -stroke*, serif (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 Haiti, W. Indies, not 
 Hayti ; in Sp. San 
 Domingo. 
 
 hajl, hajji, use badJJ*. 
 
 Hakcben (Ger. typ. n.), 
 apostrophe, cedilla (cap.). 
 
 bakeem*, Oriental medi- 
 cal man, not -kim. 
 
 bakim*, Oriental ruler. 
 
 Hakluyt/ (R.), 1553-1616, 
 geog. ; — Society ; not 
 Hack-. 
 
 balb (Ger.), half, semi-; 
 Halbjfranzband, half- 
 bound calf, abbr. Htrz. ; 
 -Jucbtenband, half- 
 bound russia ; -leitl' 
 wand, half-bound cloth, 
 abbr. HIw. ; -saffian, 
 half-roan ; -seite, half- 
 page (each one word). 
 
 halberd/*, «o/-ert ; -ier*. 
 
 Hal^vy (J. F. F. £.), 
 1799-1862, composer ; 
 
 — (Joseph), 1 82 7-, 
 traveller. 
 
 half, see also fractions, 
 half/ a dozen, — an hour, 
 
 — an inch (no hy- 
 phens). 
 
 half/.binding *, -bound, 
 leather back and corners, 
 paper or cloth sides, abbr. 
 hf-bd. ; —-calf*, calf 
 back and corners ditto, 
 
 abbr. hf.-cf. ; cloth, 
 
 cloth sides, abbr. hf.-cl. 
 (hyphens). 
 
 half/-caste*, a half-breed, 
 not -cast (not ital.) ; — 
 -crown * ; — -dime * 
 (U.S.A.), five cents (not 
 ital.); — -dozen*; — 
 -holiday*; — -hour*; 
 
 inch* ; — minute * ; 
 
 moon* ; past; — 
 
 -pay*, abbr. H.P. (all 
 hyphens). 
 
 halfpenny* (one word). 
 
 halfpenny^worth * (one 
 word), abbr. ha*p*orth*. 
 
 half/ -price *, — -sove- 
 reign* (hyphens). 
 
 Halfte (Ger. f.), moiety, 
 half. 
 
 half-title* (typ.), the short 
 title before the full title. 
 
 half-tone* block, one in 
 which the various tones 
 are made by dots. 
 
 half-way* (hyphen). 
 
 half-year/*, -ly* (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 Haliburton (Thomas 
 C), 1796-1865, writer ; 
 pen-name Sam Slick. 
 
 halibut* a fish, not hoi-. 
 
 halieutic*, of fishing. 
 
 hallabaloo, use hulla-*. 
 
 Halle {la) (Fr.), the 
 market ; pi. les Halles. 
 
 Hall6 (Sir Charles), 
 1819-95, pianist ; — 
 (Lady), 1839-, violinist. 
 
 Halle an der Saale, Ger.; 
 abbr. Halle a/S. 
 
 154 
 
HALLELUJAH — HANDSEL 
 
 Hallelujah*, preferred to 
 Alleluia*, a song of 
 praise, not -luiah. 
 
 Haller (A. von), 1708-77, 
 anatomist, etc. 
 
 H alley (Edmond, not 
 -und), 1656-1742, astr. 
 
 Halliwell - Phillipps 
 (James 0.)> 1820-89, 
 Shakespearean scholar. 
 
 hall-mark* (hyphen). 
 
 hallmote*, a court, not 
 halm-. 
 
 hallo*, to call attention or 
 express surprise, pre- 
 ferred to halloa, -00, hillo, 
 -oa, holla, -o, -oa, -ow, 
 hullo, -oa, -00. 
 ' halloo-baloo,«5^hulla-*, 
 
 Hallow/-Day, All Saints' 
 
 Day, I Nov. ; e*en*, 
 
 last night of October (one 
 cap., hyphen). 
 
 hal/jux*, the great toe; pi. 
 -uces*. 
 
 halm, stalk or stem, use 
 haulm *. 
 
 halo/*, pi. -es*. 
 
 Hals (Pranz), 1580 or'84- 
 1666, painter. 
 
 halyard* (naut.), a rope 
 for elevating, not halli-, 
 hauly-. 
 
 hamadryad/*, a wood- 
 nymph, serpent, or ba- 
 boon; pi. -s*, Lat. pi. 
 •es*. 
 
 HambledeD, Bucks; — 
 (Viscountess). 
 
 Hambledon, Hants, 
 
 Surrey. 
 
 Hambleton, Lanes, Rut- 
 land, Yorks. 
 
 Hamburg*, a grape, also 
 a fowl, not -gh. 
 
 "Hamelin (Pied Piper 
 of),** by R. Browning. 
 
 Hamilton (Sir Wil- 
 liam), 1 788-1856, meta- 
 physician ; — (Sir Wil- 
 liam Rowan), 1805-65, 
 mathematician. 
 
 bammal*, an Oriental 
 porter, not hummanl. 
 
 bamtnam*, Turk, bath, 
 
 not hummum, -aum, 
 Hammergafferstein 
 
 (Hans), pen-name of 
 
 Henry W. Longfellow, 
 hammy*, ham-like, not 
 
 hamy. 
 Hampden (John), 1594- 
 
 1643, statesman. 
 Hampe-Allgaier,a chess 
 
 opening. 
 Hampshire, abbr. Hants 
 
 (no point). 
 Hanafite*, one of a Mo- 
 ham, sect, not -efite, -ifite. 
 H. & B. (bot.), Humboldt 
 
 and Bonpland. 
 hand(typ.), ^r, called fist. 
 hand/beU*, -bill*, -book* 
 
 (one word). 
 Jiandbucb (Gen), manual 
 
 (cap.). 
 Handel (G. P.), 1685- 
 
 1759, composer; in Eng. 
 
 usually Ha-. 
 Handelsblatt (Ger. n.), 
 
 trade journal (cap.). 
 Handelsbocbscbute 
 
 (Ger. f.), commercial col- 
 lege (one word, cap.), 
 handful/*, not -11 ; pL -s. 
 handicap/ *, -per *, 
 
 -ping*, 
 handiwork*, not handy-. 
 bandjar* (Pers.), a dagger, 
 
 not hanjar. 
 handkerchief *, abbr. 
 
 hdkf. 
 Handler (Ger. m.), dealer 
 
 (cap.), 
 hand-made/*, abbr. H.M. 
 
 (hyphen) ; —paper, abbr. 
 
 H.M.P. 
 handmaid/*, -en* (one 
 
 word). 
 hand-paper*, that with a 
 
 hand as water-mark. 
 Handpapier (Ger. n.), 
 
 hand-made paper Tcap.). 
 Handscbritt (Ger. f. ), MS., 
 
 not Manuskript ; abbr. 
 
 Hs. (cap.). 
 handsel/*, earnest-money; 
 
 -ling*, not bans-. 
 
 155 
 
HANDWORTERBUCH — HARMATTAN 
 
 Handworterbucb (Ger. 
 n.), handy dictionary 
 (cap.) ; abbr. Hwb. 
 
 handwriting* (one word). 
 
 handy-man* (hyphen). 
 
 handywork, use handi-*. 
 
 hangar* (Fr. m.), a shed. 
 
 hanger*, one who, or that 
 which, hangs ; also a 
 sword, a wood. 
 
 hanging paragraph 
 (typ.), first Hne full out, 
 following ones indented, 
 as this. 
 
 Hanover*, in Ger. Han- 
 nover, Fr. Hanovre. 
 
 Hans/* (Du., Ger.), John ; 
 
 — Niemand, "Mr. No- 
 body." 
 
 hansel, M5«hand-*. 
 
 Hanska (Madame), 
 friend of Balzac. 
 
 hansom*, a cab. 
 
 Hants (no point), Hamp- 
 shire. 
 
 haphazard* (one word). 
 
 ha*p*orth*, a halfpenny- 
 worth. 
 
 happy-go-lucky * (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 happy hunting-ground* 
 (one hyphen). 
 
 Hapsburg, Imperial 
 
 House of Austria, use 
 Hab-. 
 
 bara-kiri* (Jap.), suicide, 
 not hari-kari, hurry-curry. 
 
 haram, ws^-em*. 
 
 harangue *,/>ro«. ha-rang'. 
 
 harass *, not harr-. 
 
 harbour, abbr. H. 
 
 hard (pencils), abbr. H. 
 
 hard/-a-lee*, a-port*, 
 
 — -a-starboard*, — 
 -a-"vvreather* (two hy- 
 phens each). 
 
 harden*, a coarse fabric, 
 not her-, hur-. 
 
 bardiesse* (Fr. f.), hardi- 
 hood. 
 
 Hardinge (Viscount) ; 
 pron. -ing, not -inj. 
 
 hardness (mineral.), abbr. 
 h. 
 
 hards*, coarse flax, «o/hur-. 
 
 Hardt Mountains, Bav- 
 aria (see also Harz — ). 
 
 Hardwicke (Earl of). 
 
 hardwood* (one word), 
 but hard-wooded*. 
 
 hard-wprking* (hyphen). 
 
 harebell* (bot.), not hair- 
 (one word). 
 
 hare/-brain*, — lip*, not 
 hair- (hyphens). 
 
 harem* (Arab.), the 
 women's part of a house, 
 not -am, -eem, -im (not 
 ital.). 
 
 haren^ (Fr. m.), herring; 
 — pec, salted herring. 
 
 Hargraves (E. H.), 
 1816-91, discoverer of 
 the Australian goldfields. 
 
 Hargreaves (James), 
 1720-78, inventor of the 
 spinning-jenny. 
 
 baticot* (Fr. m. cook.), any 
 thick stew ; baricots 
 verts, French beans. 
 
 haridan, use harridan*. 
 
 harier, use harrier*. 
 
 bart-karl, use bara-kiri*. 
 
 har/im, w5*-em*. 
 
 Haring (Wilhelm), 1797- 
 1871, Ger. writer ; pen- 
 name Wilibald Alexis. 
 
 Harington (Sir John), 
 1561-1612, writer (see 
 also Harr-). 
 
 hark*, listen, not hea-. 
 
 harken, use hear-*. 
 
 harl*, a fibre, «o/-Ie. 
 
 Harland & "Wolfif, ship- 
 builders, Belfast. 
 
 Harlech, Merioneth, not 
 -ck. 
 
 Harleian*, of Harley. 
 
 Harlem, New York {see 
 also Haar-). 
 
 Harlesden, Middlesex. 
 
 Harleston, Norfolk. 
 
 Harlestone, Northants. 
 
 Harlow (G. H.), 1787- 
 1819, painter. 
 
 "Harlowe (Clarissa)," 
 by Richardson, 1748. 
 
 barniattan*,W. Afr. wind. 
 
 156 
 
HARMONIE — HAUSSIER 
 
 barmonie (Fr., Ger. mus. 
 
 f.), wind instruments. 
 harmoniphon*, mus. 
 
 instrument, not -ne. 
 harmonize*, «o/-ise. 
 Haroun al - Raschid, 
 
 763-809, a caliph (one 
 
 hyphen). 
 Harper & Brothers, pub- 
 lishers. New York. 
 harquebus/*, a portable 
 
 gun, not -ss, arquebus; 
 
 -ier. 
 Harraden (Beatrice), 
 
 1 864-, writer. 
 harridan*, a haggard old 
 
 woman, not hari-. 
 harrier*, «o/harier. 
 Harrington (Earl of) 
 
 {see also Hari-). 
 Harrison (Frederic, not 
 
 -k), 1831-, Positivist. 
 Harrisse (Henri), 1830-, 
 
 writer. 
 Harrogate, Yorks, not 
 
 Harrow-. 
 Harry-long-legs*, the 
 
 crane-fly (cap., hyphens). 
 *' Harry Lorrequer,** by 
 
 Lever, 1839. 
 Harte (Francis Bret), 
 
 1839-1903, American 
 
 writer. 
 hartebeest *, antelope, not 
 
 hartb-. 
 Hartleian*, of Hartley, 
 
 MOt -leyan, -leyian. 
 Hartmann (K. R. E. 
 
 von), 1842-, metaphysic- 
 ian. 
 hartshorn*, ammonia 
 
 (one word). 
 Hartzenbusch (Juan 
 
 E.), 1806-80, Sp. dram. 
 Hartz Mountains, use 
 
 Harz —(5^^ a/50 Hardt). 
 harum-scarum* (hy- 
 phen), «o/harem-scarem. 
 Harvard University, 
 
 abbr. H.U. 
 Harv/ey ("William), 
 
 1578-1657, discovered 
 
 blood circulation; -eian, 
 
 not -eyan. 
 
 Harz Mountains, not 
 Hartz — (s^^a/5oHardt). 
 
 hasard (Fr. f.), hazard. 
 
 has-been (a)*, one that 
 has been (hyphen). 
 
 Hase (K. A. von), 1800- 
 90, theologian. 
 
 hashish*, not hachisch, 
 -shish, -eesh, haschisch, 
 -ish. 
 
 Haslar Hospital, Hants. 
 
 Haslemere, Surrey {see 
 also Haz-). 
 
 hassagai, use assagai*. 
 
 Hasse (J. A.), 1699-1783, 
 composer. 
 
 hatband* (one word). 
 
 hatchel/*, to dress flax; 
 -led*, -Ier*, -ling*. 
 
 hatch w^ay* (one word). 
 
 Mte (Fr. f.), haste. 
 
 batti'bumayun, Turk, 
 edict in Sultan's hand- 
 writing ; batti-sberif*. 
 Sultan's own decree. 
 
 Hatzfeld, Hungary. 
 
 Hauck (Minnie), 185 2-, 
 singer. 
 
 Haug (Martin), 1827-76, 
 Orientalist. 
 
 Haulbowline, Cork. 
 
 hauler *, not -ier. 
 
 haulm* (bot.), a stalk or 
 stem, not halm. 
 
 Hauptmann (Gerhart), 
 1 862-, dramatist ; * — 
 (Moritz), 1792-1868, 
 composer. 
 
 Hauptredakteur (Ger. 
 m.), chief editor (cap.). 
 
 Hauptzeile (Ger. typ. f.), 
 head-line, but Kopfzeile 
 (f.) more usual (cap.). 
 
 Hausa, Cent. Sudan, not 
 -ssa, Housa. 
 
 Hauslbobe (Ger. typ. f.), 
 height of type adopted by 
 a printing oflSce : -kegel 
 (m.), depth of same; 
 'korrektor (m.), indoor 
 reader ; -ortbograpbie 
 (f.),'' Rules of the House." 
 
 baussier (Fr. m.), specu- 
 lator for a rise, "abuU." 
 
 157 
 
HAUSSMANN - HEAD 
 
 Haussmann (G. E., 
 baron), 1809-91, Paris 
 architect. 
 
 haussmannize*, to open 
 out and rebuild. 
 
 haut/bois, -boy(mus.),M5^ 
 oboe*. 
 
 bautej bourgeoisie (Fr. f.), 
 upper middle - class ; — 
 nouveautS, latest fash- 
 ion. 
 
 Hautes/-Alpes, dep. S.E. 
 
 Fr. ; PyT6n6es, dep. 
 
 S.W. France; Haute- 
 Sadne, dep. E. France ; 
 pron. son (hyphens). 
 
 baut et bon (Fr.), great 
 and good. 
 
 hauteur*, haughty de- 
 meanour (not ital.). 
 
 baute volie (Fr. f.), the 
 upper ten. 
 
 bautj-goat* (Fr. m.), high 
 flavour; — -ton, high 
 fashion. 
 
 Haiiy (R. J.), 1743-1822, 
 crystallographer. 
 
 Havana*, wo^-ah, -annah; 
 in Sp. Habana. 
 
 bave (Fr.), emaciated. 
 
 havener*, a harbour- 
 master, not -or. 
 
 haver* (Sc. law), the 
 holder of a document. 
 
 Haverfordwest, Pem- 
 broke (one word). 
 
 Havergal (P. R.), 1836- 
 79, hymn writer. 
 
 haversack*, not havre-, 
 -sac. 
 
 havildar*, highest Indian 
 N.C. officer. 
 
 havoc*, not -ck. 
 
 Hawai/i, N. Pacific, for- 
 merly Sandwich Islands ; 
 -an, pron. ha-wy'yan. 
 
 Haweis (H. R.), 1838- 
 1901, writer ; pron. hois. 
 
 haw-haw, use ha-ha *. 
 
 Hawke (Baron). 
 
 hawk's-bill*, a turtle, 
 not hawkbill. 
 
 hawse* (naut), a part in 
 the bows of a ship. 
 
 hawthorn* (one word). 
 
 Hawthorne (Julian), 
 1846-, Amer. writer ; 
 — (Nathaniel), 1804-64, 
 Amer. writer. 
 
 hay*, a country-dance, 
 not hey. 
 
 Hayden (George), fl. 1723, 
 composer (see also'H.&d-), 
 
 Haydn (Joseph), 1732- 
 1809, Ger. composer, 
 pron. hy'dn ; — (Joseph), 
 d. 1856, compiled " Dic- 
 tionary of Dates." 
 
 Haydon (Benjamin B,.), 
 1786-1846, painter {see 
 also Had-). 
 
 hay/maker*, -rick*, 
 -stack* (one word). 
 
 Hayti, ms<? Haiti. 
 
 hazard*, in Fr. m. bas-. 
 
 hazel-hen* (hyphen). 
 
 hazle*, to dry superficially, 
 not hazz-. 
 
 Hazlemere, Bucks (see also 
 Has-). 
 
 Hazlitt (W.), 1778-1830, 
 writer ; — (Williani 
 Carew), 1834-, writer. 
 
 hazy*, not -ey. 
 
 HB* (pencils), hard and 
 black; H.B.&K. (bot.), 
 Humboldt, Bonpland, and 
 Kunth; H.B.C.*, Hudson 
 Bay Company; H.B.M.*, 
 His, or Her, Britannic 
 Majesty. 
 
 H.C., habitual criminal. 
 Heralds' College, High 
 Church, House of Com- 
 mons, ditto Correction ; 
 h.c.f. (math.), highest 
 common factor ; H.C.M., 
 His, or Her, Catholic 
 Majesty; H.C.S., Home 
 Civil Service. 
 
 hdkf., handkerchief. 
 
 hdqrs., head-quarters. 
 
 H.E., His Eminence, — 
 Excellency. 
 
 He*, helium. 
 
 head* (typ.), the blank 
 space at the top of a page 
 (see also margins). 
 
 158 
 
HEADACHE - HECTOGRAM 
 
 headache* (one word). 
 
 headachy*, not -ey. 
 
 headband* (binding), 
 the narrow ornament 
 fastened inside the back 
 of the head and tail of a 
 bound book. 
 
 head/-dress*, gear*, 
 
 — -work* (hyphens). 
 headings (typ.), to be 
 
 caps, {^see also index); 
 
 — {syjCb-), first, to be cap. 
 initials and s.caps. ; second, 
 even s.caps. ; third, italic 
 in centre ; fourth, italic 
 run-in. To be numbered 
 I, A, (1), (i), {a). 
 
 Headless Cross, Worcs. 
 
 head-lines* (typ.), those 
 at top of page with run- 
 ning title, pagination, etc. 
 Name, or abbreviated form 
 of title, on left-hand page, 
 chapter heading on right- 
 hand page, or contents 
 of the two pages open. 
 Latter preferred. To be 
 read and re-read by cor- 
 rectors, as errors here, and 
 in the folios, are easily 
 overlooked. 
 
 head-man *, a chief 
 (hyphen). 
 
 head/ master*, — mis- 
 tress* (two words). 
 
 head/-page* (typ.), the 
 one beginning a book, 
 
 chapter, etc. ; piece*, 
 
 a decorative block at top 
 of first page of a book, 
 chapter, etc. (hyphens). 
 
 head-quarters* ~ (hy- 
 phen) ; abbr. H.Q., or 
 hdqrs. 
 
 head-sail*, one before 
 the fore-mast (hyphen). 
 
 headsman* (one word). 
 
 headstock* (mech.) (one 
 word). 
 
 headway*, motion for- 
 ward (one word). 
 
 head- word* (typ.), a 
 word forming a heading 
 (hyphen). 
 
 healthful*, not -ull. 
 
 Heap, see Heep. 
 
 hearken*, not har-. 
 
 heart-break/ *, -er *, 
 
 -ing*, heart-broken* 
 (hyphens). 
 
 heartburn* (one word). 
 
 hearthstone* (one word). 
 
 heart-rending * (hy- 
 
 phen). 
 
 heartsease*, the pansy 
 (one word). 
 
 heat (degrees of), (typ.) 
 to be in arabic figures, as 
 71° F. 
 
 heathenize*, not -ise. 
 
 heather-bell* (bot.), an 
 Erica (hyphen). 
 
 heave ho !* (two words). 
 
 Heaven, cap. when equi- 
 valent to the Deity; I.e. 
 when a place, as "heaven 
 is our home." 
 
 heaven-bom* (hyphen). 
 
 heavy-weight* (boxing) 
 (hyphen). 
 
 Heb., Hebrew, -s. 
 
 hebdomad*, a week, not 
 -ade. 
 
 hebraize*, to make 
 Hebrew, not -ise, -aicize. 
 
 Hebrew (typ.), 22 letters, 
 and many accents, points, 
 etc. There is the ordin- 
 ary square fount, and 
 the "rabbinical." It is 
 read from right to left : 
 hence if any passage is 
 divided, the right-hand 
 words must go in the first 
 line, and the left-hand in 
 the second. Set with the 
 nicks downwards. Abbr. 
 Heb. 
 
 Hebridean, not -ian. 
 
 Hecat/e*, a Gr. goddess, 
 pron. hek'a-te ; adj. 
 
 Heckmondwike, Yorks. 
 
 Hecla, volcano, Iceland, 
 not Hek-. 
 
 hectogram*, 100 
 
 grammes, off. Board of 
 Trade spelling, not -me. 
 
 159 
 
HECTOLITRE — HELIiO 
 
 abbr. hectog.; hecto- 
 litre*, loolitres, «o^-ter, 
 abbr. hectol. ; -metre *, 
 loo metres, not -er, abbr. 
 Hm. (not ital.). 
 
 H.E.D., incorrect abbr. for 
 ** Historical {now Oxford) 
 English Dictionary," use 
 O.E.D. 
 
 "Hedda Gabler," play 
 by Ibsen, 1890. 
 
 hedgerow* (one word). 
 
 Hedgrab, use Hegira*. 
 
 Hedin (Sven Anders), 
 1865-, Sw. traveller. 
 
 hee-haw*, a, or to, bray, 
 not he-, hiu-. 
 
 Heep (Uriah), in "David 
 Copperfield," not Heap. 
 
 /feer(Ger.n.), army (cap.). 
 
 Aeer(Du. n.), Mr., Sir. 
 
 Heft (Ger. typ. n.), /asa- 
 culus, part, also ten sheets 
 of paper (cap.) ; abbr. 
 Hft, pi. Hefte. 
 
 be f tea (Ger. typ.), to stitch. 
 
 Hegel (Qeorg, not -e, W. 
 P.), 1770-1831, metaph. 
 
 Hegira*, the flight of 
 Mohammed from Mecca 
 to Medineh, a. d. 622, not 
 Hedgrah,Hejira,Hijra,-h. 
 
 H.E.I.C.*, Honourable 
 East India Company ; 
 H.E.I.C.N"., ditto Navy ; 
 H.E.I.C.S.,dittoService. 
 
 Heidelberg, German uni- 
 versity town. 
 
 Heidsieck, a champagne. 
 
 heighday, use hey- *. 
 
 heigh-ho *, an audible sigh 
 {see also hey-). 
 
 height to paper (typ.), 
 height of type, '9185 inch, 
 or the diam. of a worn 
 shilling. 
 
 Heiland {der) (Ger.), the 
 Saviour (cap.). 
 
 Heilanstalt {Ger. f.), sana- 
 torium, tiot Heils- (cap,). 
 
 **Heil dir im Sieger- 
 kranz** (Hail to thee in 
 the conqueror's wreath), 
 Pruss. national hymn. 
 
 Ae///^(Ger.),holy; abbr. A/. 
 beilige Scbrift (Ger. f.), 
 
 Holy Scripture (one cap.); 
 
 abbr. A/.S. 
 Heimjat (Ger. f.), birth- 
 
 place, not -ath ; 'gang 
 
 (m.), death (cap.). 
 " Heimskringla/* Norse 
 
 history. 
 Heine (Heinrich, but 
 
 signed Henri), 1797- 
 1856, Ger. poet ; pron. 
 
 hy'nS ; adj. Heineian. 
 Heinemann (William), 
 
 publisher, London. 
 heinous *. 
 
 Heinrich, Ger. for Henry. 
 Heinz, Ger. for Harry, 
 heir (an, not a). 
 heir apparent* (two 
 
 words) ; abbr. heir app. 
 heirloom * (an, not a) (one 
 
 word). 
 heir presumptive (two 
 
 words) ; abbr. heir pres. 
 Hejira, use Hegira*. 
 Hekla, use Hec-. 
 Hel (North, myth.), the 
 
 goddess of the dead. 
 Hel., Helvetia (Switz.). 
 bSlasl (Fr.), alas! {s 
 
 sounded). 
 Helensburgh, Dumbar- 
 ton, not -borough. 
 Helicon*, a mountain, not 
 
 fountain or lake. 
 Heliogabalus, useTHlag-. 
 heliogravure*, a photo- 
 gravure i^not ital.). 
 helium*, symbol He*, 
 hel/ix*, a spiral ;pL -ices*, 
 hell (not cap.) ; in Ger. f. 
 
 Holle {see also Hel). 
 bell (Ger.), clear, bright. 
 Hell (Maximilian), 1720- 
 
 92, Austrian astronomer. 
 Hellen (Gr. myth.), king 
 
 of Phthia, Thessalj'. 
 Hellen/e *, a modern 
 
 Greek ; pi, -es, pron. 
 
 hel'enz. 
 heUenize *, to make 
 
 Greek, not -ise. 
 hello, use hallo*. 
 
 160 
 
HELMHOIiTZ — HEKSCHEL 
 
 Helmholtz (Hermann 
 
 L. F. von), 1821-94, 
 
 physicist. 
 helmsman*, one who 
 
 steers (one word). 
 H6loise, 1 101-64, and 
 
 Abelard, not E1-. 
 help/mate *, -meet* (one 
 
 word). 
 helter-skelter* (hyphen). 
 Helvellyn, mountain, 
 
 Cumberland. 
 Hely-Hutchinson, Irish 
 
 name (hyphen). 
 hema-, prefix, use hsB- *. 
 Hem el Hempstead, 
 
 Herts (two words). 
 , hemistich * (prosody), 
 
 pron. he'mis-tik. 
 hemo-, prefix, use has-*, 
 hempseed* (one word). 
 hem-stitch* (hyphen). 
 hence/forth*, -forward* 
 
 (one word). 
 Henle (P. G. J.), 1809-85, 
 
 anatomist. 
 Henley (W. E.), 1845- 
 
 1903, writer, 
 henna* (bot.), Egyptian 
 
 privet, not -ah (not ital.). 
 hen-peck/*, -ed* (hyphen). 
 Henri, Fr. for Henry. 
 Henslow (George), 
 
 1835-, bot. ; - (J. S.), 
 
 1796 1 861, bot. 
 Herslowe (Philip), d. 
 
 16 1 6, wrote " Diary." 
 her., heraldry. 
 Aer., heres (heir). 
 Heraelean*, of Hercules, 
 
 not -ian. 
 Heracleid*, descendant 
 
 of Hercules, not -lid. 
 heraldry, abbr. her. 
 Heralds* College *, abbr. 
 
 H.C. (apos.). 
 Herausgeber (Ger. m.), 
 
 editor, publisher (cap.). 
 herb/*, -al* (a, not an). 
 herbari/um*, a collection 
 
 of dried plants ; pi, -a 
 
 (not ital.). 
 Herbart (J. P.), 1776- 
 
 1841, educationist. 
 
 herborize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 Herculean* (a, not an) 
 (cap.). 
 
 Hercules *, in Gr. Hera- 
 kles. 
 
 herd-book* (hyphen). 
 
 here/about*, -s*, -after*, 
 -by*, -in*, -of*, -on*, 
 -out*, -to*, -tofore*, 
 -under *, -upon *, 
 -with * (one word). 
 
 herein/ above*, — after*, 
 
 — before* (two words). 
 betels (Lat.), heir ;/)/. -des, 
 
 abbr. her, 
 
 heritrix*, an heiress, not 
 -tress, here-. 
 
 Her Majesty (caps.), abbr. 
 H.M. 
 
 hermeneutics*, science of 
 interpretation. 
 
 hernia/*, pi. -s*. 
 
 hero/* (a, not an) ; pi. 
 -es*. 
 
 heroic* (an, not a). 
 
 heronry*, heron breeding- 
 place, noi hernery. 
 
 herpetolog/y*, -ist*, not 
 er-. 
 
 Herr/ (Ger. m.), Mr., Sir, 
 pi. -en ; abbr. Hr. Let- 
 ters are addressed **An 
 HFrrn" or ««Herrn** 
 (abbr. Hm.^ Schmidt; 
 -in, lady, mistress, pi. 
 -innen. , 
 
 Herr (Dan., Norw., Sw.), 
 Mr., Sir. 
 
 Herrlder), the Lord (cap.). 
 
 HerreshoJBF, Amer. yacht 
 builders. 
 
 Herrgott (Ger.), Lord God. 
 
 herring-bone*, a stitch 
 (hyphen). 
 
 Herrabuter* (die) (Ger.), 
 Moravian Brotherhood. 
 
 Her Koyal Highness, 
 abbr. H.R.H. 
 
 hers* (no apostrophe). 
 
 Herschel (Caroline Lu- 
 cretia), 1750-1848 ; — 
 (SirJ.P.W. ,1792 1871; 
 
 — (Sir William), 1738- 
 1822, astronomers. 
 
 x6i 11 
 
HERSCHELIi — HIQGHiEDY 
 
 Herschell (Baron), 1837- 
 
 99, Lord Chancellor. 
 
 Herts, Hertfordshire. 
 
 Hertz (Heinrich), 1857- 
 
 94, physicist ; — (Hen- 
 
 rik), 1798-1870, Danish 
 
 dramatist {see also Herz). 
 
 Herv6 (F. B,.), 1825-92, 
 
 composer. 
 bervorbeben (Ger. typ.), 
 to display, or emphasize. 
 Herz (Get. n.), heart (cap.). 
 Herz (Henri), 1806-88, 
 composer (seealso'H.ertz). 
 Herzegovina, Austria. 
 Herzogj (Ger. m.), duke, 
 pi. -e ; -in (f.), duchess ; 
 -turn (n.), duchy, not 
 -thum (caps.). 
 Hesperis*, a genus of 
 
 plants. 
 Hesperus*, evening star. 
 Hessje (Ger.), a Hessian, 
 fent. -in ; -en. State of 
 Hesse. 
 bet (Du.), the ; abbr. 't, as 
 
 van't Hoff. 
 betasrja* (Gr.), a concu- 
 bine, />/. -«*; -ism.*, not 
 -tair-, -tar-. 
 heteroonsian*, of unlike 
 
 substance, not heterou-. 
 Heu (Ger. n.), hay (cap.). 
 beu (Lat.), Oh ! 
 heuch!* (Sc), the cry of 
 a Highland-fling dancer, 
 not hooch. 
 heugh*(Sc.), aglen, «o^-ch. 
 heugh! * hallo ! 
 H eureka, use Eu-. 
 beureusement (Fr.), 
 
 happily. 
 hex-, Gr. prefix for six ; in 
 
 Lat. sex-, 
 liexad (chem.), ttot -ade 
 
 (not ital.). 
 hey, a dance, use hay *. 
 hey-day*, prosperity, not 
 
 heigh- (hyphen). 
 beyduclt*, Hungarian 
 
 soldier, not hai-. 
 hey-ho!* utterance mark- 
 ing rhythm (hyphen) (see 
 also heigh-). 
 
 Heytesbury, Wilts ; pron. 
 hay'tsbury. 
 
 Heywood (Johil), pub- 
 lisher, Manchester and 
 London. 
 
 hf.-bd., half-bound; hf.- 
 cf., half-calf binding; hf.- 
 cl., half-cloth ditto. 
 
 Hfrz. (Ger.), Halbfram- 
 band (half-bound calf). 
 
 Hft., Heft (Ger.), number, 
 part. 
 
 H.G., His, or Her, Grace, 
 Horse Guards, High Ger.; 
 Hg, hydrargyrum (mer- 
 cury) ; H.G.D.H., His, 
 or Her, Grand Ducal 
 Highness. 
 
 H.H.*, His, or Her, High- 
 ness; His Holiness (the 
 Pope); HH* (pencils^ 
 harder ; hhd., hogshead, 
 -s; HHH* (pencils), 
 very hard. 
 
 H.I., hie iacet (here lies). 
 
 Hiatt (Charles), 1869-, 
 writer. 
 
 hiatus/ *, pi. -es * (not ital.) . 
 
 hibernate *, not hy-. 
 
 hibernize*, not -ise. 
 
 hie*, speech interruption, 
 not hik. 
 
 bic (Lat.), this, here. 
 
 hiccup *, not -cough, -kup. 
 
 bic et ubique (Lat.), here 
 and everywhere. 
 
 Hichens (Robert S.), 
 1 864-, writer. 
 
 bic iacetj* {Lat.), here lies ; 
 
 sepultUS, here lies 
 
 buried, abbr. H.I.S. 
 
 Hicks Beach (Sir Mich- 
 ael), 1837-, statesman 
 (novvViscountSt.Aldwyn). 
 
 hidalgo/*, Sp. gentleman 
 by birth ; pi. -s. 
 
 hide-and-seek*, a game 
 (hyphens). 
 
 hieing, use hy-*. 
 
 bier (Ger.), here; Hier 
 spricbt man Deutscb, 
 German spoken here. 
 hieroglyi)hize*, «o/-ise. 
 higgledy-piggledy *. 
 
 %t 
 
 i6a 
 
HIGH — H JELM 
 
 High Church *, abbr. 
 H.C. ; High-Church- 
 man* (hyphen, caps.). 
 
 highfalutin* (U.S.A.), 
 bombast, not -en, hifalu- 
 tin, -n', -ng. 
 
 high-flown * (hyphen). 
 
 high-flyer*, not -flier. 
 
 high pressure, abbr. H.P. 
 
 high-priest*, abbr. H.P. 
 (hyphen). 
 
 high/road* ; — seas (the) , 
 more than three miles from 
 the coast (two words). 
 
 high- water mark* (one 
 hyphen). 
 
 highwayman*(one word) . 
 
 H.I.H., His, or Her, 
 Imperial Highness. 
 
 Hijraj, -A, use Hegira*. 
 
 Hil., Hilary. 
 
 Hilary's Day (St.), 13 
 January in Ch. of Eng., 
 14 Jan. in Ch. of Rome. 
 
 Hilary/ Sittings, 11 Jan. 
 to Wednesday before 
 Easter ; — Term (law), 
 11-31 January. 
 
 HUfsbuch (Ger. m.), aid, 
 primer, manual (cap.). 
 
 hill, when with name to 
 have cap., as Box Hill. 
 
 Hillingdon, Middlesex. 
 
 Hmington, Norfolk. 
 
 hiUo/, -a, use hallo*. 
 
 hill/-side*, top* (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 H.I.M., His, or Her, Im- 
 perial Majesty. 
 
 Himalayas, India. 
 
 binci (Lat.), hence ; — IlIas 
 lacbrymaSf hence these 
 tears. 
 
 Hind., Hindu, -stan, -stani. 
 
 Hindi, of N. India, «o/ -dee 
 (not ital.). 
 
 Hindlip (Baron). 
 
 hindmost*, not hinder-. 
 
 Hindoo, use Hindu*. 
 
 hindrance*, «o/-erance. 
 
 Hindu/*, not -doo, abbr. 
 Hind. (not ital.); -ism*, 
 -ize. 
 
 Hindu Kush, mountains. 
 
 Hindustan, abbr. Hind. 
 
 Hindustani*, Urdu, the 
 chief Indian language ; 
 abbr. Hind. 
 
 hing/e*, -ing*. 
 
 Hinterland*, the "back 
 country" (not ital.). 
 
 bin undber (Ger.), to and 
 fro ; bin and zuriicic, 
 there and back. 
 
 Hin weisungszeicben 
 (Ger. typ. f.), reference 
 mark. 
 
 hip/-bone*, —-joint* (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 hippodrome* (not ital.). 
 
 hippogriff*, a fabulous 
 monster, not -gryph (not 
 ital.). 
 
 hippopotam/us*, pi. -i* 
 (not ital.). 
 
 hirdy-girdy* (Sc), dis- 
 order {see also hurdy-). 
 
 hireable*, obtainable for 
 hire, not hira-. 
 
 Hirmols (Gr. Ch.), pi. -/. 
 
 H.I.S., hie iacet sepiilius 
 (here lies buried). 
 
 His/ Eminence, abbr. 
 H.E.; -— Excellency, 
 H.E. ; — Majesty, 
 H.M. (caps., not ital.). 
 
 bis non obstantibus 
 (Lat.), nevertheless. 
 
 hispanicize*, Mo/-ise. 
 
 His, orHer, RoyalHigh- 
 ness(caps.), abbr.H.R.H, 
 
 histor/ian, -ic, -ical (an, 
 not a) ; abbr. hist. 
 
 Historicus, pen-name of 
 George Grote, also of Sir 
 W. Vernon Harcourt. 
 
 historiette* (not ital.). 
 
 history* (a,no/an) ; notable 
 epochs or events to have 
 caps., as the Julian Era, 
 the Middle Ages, the 
 Peace of Utrecht. 
 
 Hitchin, Herts, not -en. 
 
 hitty-missy *, at random. 
 
 Hivites, people of North 
 Palestine. 
 
 Hjelm (P. J.), 1746-1813, 
 Swedish chemist. 
 163 11 ♦ 
 
H.K. — HOGMANAY 
 
 H.K., House of Keys, Isle 
 of Man. 
 
 H.Ij., House of Lords; 
 M. (Ger/, heilig (holy"); 
 H.L.I., Highland Light 
 Infantry; M.S. (Ger.), 
 heilige Schrift (Holy Scrip- 
 ture) ; Hlw. (Ger.), 
 Halbleinwand (half-bound 
 cloth). 
 
 H.M., His, orHer, Majesty; 
 Home Mission ; Hm. 
 hectometre; (paper) hand- 
 made ; h.m., hoc ntense (in 
 this month), hujus ntensis 
 (this month's) ; H.M.C.*, 
 His, or Her, Majesty's 
 Customs; H.M.I., ditto 
 Inspector; H.M.P., hoc 
 tnonumentunt posuit (he, 
 or she, erected this monu- 
 ment); H.M.S.*, His, or 
 Her, Majesty's Service, or 
 Ship ; H.M.S.O., Station- 
 ery Otfice; H.M.O.W., 
 Office ot Works. 
 
 Ho, holmium, 
 
 ho., house. 
 
 hoar-frost* (hyphen). 
 
 hoarhound, use hore-*. 
 
 Hobbema (Meindert), 
 1638-1709, Dutch painter. 
 
 hobbledehoy *, raw youth, 
 not the many variations. 
 
 hobby-horse* (hyphen). 
 
 hob-nob* (hyphen). 
 
 Hoboken, U.S.A. 
 
 hoboy (mus.), use oboe*. 
 
 bocj age (Lat.), attend ! 
 pron. a'jee ; — anao, 
 in this year, abbr. b.a. ; 
 — genus omne, all this 
 class. 
 
 hoc habet (^Lat.), a palpable 
 hit! 
 
 Hocb {dreimat) (Ger.), 
 three cheers. 
 
 Hocbdruck (Ger. typ. m.), 
 relief printing (cap.). 
 
 bocbepot (Fr. cook, m.), a 
 dish, hotchpotch. 
 
 bocbstebender Bucb- 
 stabe (Ger. typ.), su- 
 perior letter, as •*. 
 
 Hocbwdrden (Ger. noun, 
 indecl.). Reverend (cap.). 
 
 bocj loco (Lat.), in this 
 place ; — mense^ in this 
 month, abbr. h.m. ; — 
 monumentum posuit, 
 he, or she, erected this 
 monument,abbr.H.M.P.; 
 — quxre, look for this, 
 h.q. ; — sensUy in this 
 sense, h.s. ; — temporCf 
 Sit this time, h.t. ; — 
 titulOy in, or under, this 
 title, h.t. 
 
 hocus-pocus* (hyphen). 
 
 hodge-podge*, a medley 
 {see also hotch-). 
 
 bodie (Lat.), to-day. 
 
 hodmandod*, a snail. 
 
 hodograph* (math.), a 
 curve. 
 
 hodomet/er*, distance 
 measurer ; -ry, not od-. 
 
 Hodson (W. S. R. , 1821- 
 58, of Hodson's Horse. 
 
 Hoe, Plymouth ; pron. ho. 
 
 Hoe (R. M ), 1812-86, 
 printing-machine maker. 
 
 hoeing*, not hoing. 
 
 Hof (Ger. m.), court, hotel 
 (cap.). 
 
 Hofdicbter (Ger.), Poet 
 Laureate ('cap.). 
 
 Hoff( Jacobus H. van *t) , 
 1852-, Dutch chemist. 
 
 Hoffman (Professor), 
 pen-name of J. A. Lewis. 
 
 Hoffmann (Daniel), 
 1576-1601, theologian ; — 
 (E. T. A.), 1776-1822, 
 Ger. writer; — (Fred- 
 eric), 1660-1742, Ger. 
 chemist (see also Hofm-). 
 
 Hoffnung (Ger. f.), hope 
 (cap.). 
 
 Hoftnann (A. "W. von), 
 1818-92, chemist; — 
 (Josef), pianist ; — 
 (J. C. K. von), 1810- 
 77, theologian {see also 
 Hoff-). 
 
 Hofmann*s violet. 
 
 hogmanay* (Sc), the last 
 day of the year. 
 
 164 
 
HOGSHEAD — HOMME 
 
 hogshead/, -s, abbr. hhd. 
 Hohenzollern (House 
 
 of), Prussian Imperial 
 
 family. 
 hoiden, use hoy- *. 
 hoing, use hoe-*. 
 boi pofloi {not the) (Gr.), 
 
 the masses, not oi — . 
 hokey-pokey *, ice-cream, 
 
 not hoky - poky (hy- 
 phen). 
 holarctic* (zool.) (one 
 
 word, not ital.). 
 Holbein (Hans), 1497- 
 
 I543> painter. 
 hole-and-corner*, secret 
 
 (hyphens), 
 holey*, having holes. 
 HolJ, use Hoolee*. 
 holibut, use halibut*, 
 holily*, sacredly. 
 holla, «5^ hallo*. 
 hollai}aloo, use hulla-*. 
 hoUand*, a linen (not cap.). 
 bollandaisj (Fr.), fetn. -e, 
 
 Dutch; abbr. boIL (not 
 
 cap.). 
 Holle (Ger. f.), hell. 
 hoU/o, -oa, -ow, use 
 
 haUo*. 
 hollyhock*, a plant. 
 holmium, symbol Ho. 
 Holofemes, Assyr. Gen- 
 eral ; a pedantic teacher. 
 Holtei (K. von), 1798- 
 
 1880, poet. 
 Holty (Ii. H. C), 1748- 
 
 76, poet. 
 HoltzapfFel (Charles), 
 
 1806-47, mechanician. 
 Holtz machine (elec). 
 holus-bolus*, all at once 
 
 (hyphen). 
 Holy Cross Day*, 14 
 
 September. 
 Holy/ Ghost * ; — Land * 
 
 (two words, caps.). 
 Holyoake (G. J.), 181 7-, 
 
 writer. 
 Holy of holies* (one 
 
 cap.). 
 Holyoke, Mass., U.S.A., 
 
 a city. 
 Holy orders (one cap.). 
 
 Holy Homan Empire 
 (caps.), abbr. H.R.E. 
 
 Holy Saturday, one be- 
 fore Easter. 
 
 Holy Spirit, as Deity 
 (caps.). 
 
 holystone* (naut.) (two 
 words), but the verb to 
 holystone* (one word). 
 
 Holy Thursday, Ascen- 
 sion Day in Eng. Church ; 
 but Thursday in Holy 
 Week, or Maundy Thurs- 
 day, in Roman Church. 
 
 Holy Week*, one before 
 Easter (two words, caps.). 
 
 Holzjblock (Ger. typ. m.), 
 wood-block ; -dntckim.), 
 wood-print; -platie (f.), 
 woodcut-block ; -scbnitt 
 (m.), woodcut. 
 
 homage, in Fr. botnm-. 
 
 bomard (Fr. m.), lobster. 
 
 home-bre"wed * (hyphen). 
 
 Home Counties (the), 
 Essex, Herts, Kent, 
 Middlesex, Surrey. 
 
 Homely (Josias), pen- 
 name of John Bradford. 
 
 home-made* (hyphen). 
 
 Homeric, or loud, laugh- 
 ter (cap. ). 
 
 Home/ Rule *, — Ruler 
 (two words, caps.) ; abbr. 
 H.R. 
 
 home-sick/*, -ness* (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 homespun* (one word). 
 
 homing*, not -eing. 
 
 hominy* (U.S.A.), ground 
 maize. 
 
 homish*, home-like, not 
 -eish. 
 
 Hommage] de Vauteur 
 (Fr.), with the author's 
 compliments; — del*edl- 
 teur, ditto publisher's, 
 not editor's. 
 
 botnmej d'affaires (Fr.), 
 business man, not — des 
 — ; — de bien, a respect- 
 able man ; — de let. res , 
 author; — de paille, 
 man of straw ; — de robe. 
 
 165 
 
HOMME — HOPPING 
 
 lawyer ; hommej d*es- 
 
 prttf man of wit ; — 
 d'Stat, statesman ; — de 
 tSte, man of resource ; 
 — du tnonde, man of 
 
 fashion. 
 
 hommock, usehu-*. 
 
 homjo* (Lat.), human be- 
 ing; pi. -ines. 
 
 homoeopath*, «o/home-. 
 
 homogenize*, not -ise. 
 
 homoiouslan*, of like 
 substance (not ital.). 
 
 homologize*, to make 
 homologous, ftoi -ise. 
 
 homonym.*, a word of 
 like spelling but diflferent 
 meaning, not -me. 
 
 homoousian*, of the same 
 substance, not homou- 
 (not ital.). 
 
 homy*, home-like, not-ey. 
 
 Hon., Honourable (son of 
 a peer), Honorary. 
 
 bon. (Fr.), Ao«or/ (honour- 
 ed). 
 
 Honble., Honourable (Ind. 
 title). 
 
 honest (an, not a). 
 
 honey-bee* (hyphen). 
 
 honeycomb* (one word). 
 
 honey-de'W*, a sticky sub- 
 stance, a tobacco (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 honeyed*, sweet, not -led. 
 
 honeymoon* (one word). 
 
 honeysuckle* (one word). 
 
 Hong-Kong, China (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 HonisoitquimalypensCt 
 evil be to him who 
 thinks evil of it (motto of 
 the Order of the Garter). 
 
 honnete bomme (Yr. m.), 
 a worthy man ; homme 
 bonnSte, a civil man. 
 
 bonoraires (Fr. pi. m.), 
 fee, salary. 
 
 Honorar (Ger. n.), honora- 
 rium (cap.). 
 
 honorarium/* (a, not an) ; 
 pi. -s* (not ital.). 
 
 honorary secretary, 
 abbr. Hon. Sec. 
 
 bonorS (Fr.), honoured ; 
 
 abbr. bon. 
 boaorlsj causa, or — 
 
 gratia (Lat.), for the sake 
 of honour, 
 honour (an, not a), 
 honourable* (an, not a) ; 
 abbr.forson of peer, Hon., 
 for Indian title, Honble. 
 
 Honourable Artillery 
 Company, abbr. H. A.C. 
 Hon. Sec, honorary sec- 
 retary. 
 
 hooch, see heuch. 
 
 hoodwink* (one word). 
 
 Hooghly, Ind., use Hugli. 
 
 Hook./ (bot.). Sir W. 
 Hooker; — fil. (bdt.), 
 Sir J. D. Hooker. 
 
 Hook (Theodore Ed- 
 ward), 1788-1841, hu- 
 morist (see also Hooke). 
 
 hookah* Oriental pipe, 
 not hooka, -er, hoqqa, 
 houka, hukah (not ital.). 
 
 hook and eye* (no hy- 
 phen). 
 
 Hooke (Hobert), 1635- 
 1703? phj'sicist {see also 
 Hook). 
 
 hook-in (typ.), when there 
 are too many words for 
 one line to carry, those 
 at the end are carried 
 above or below to the 
 end of the preceding or 
 succeeding line, as in 
 poetry, etc. 
 
 ffoolee*, E. Ind. religious 
 festival, not Holi. 
 
 hooping-coughjMs^wh-*. 
 
 hoopoe*, S. European bird; 
 pron. hoo'poo. 
 
 hope* (a, «o/an). 
 
 hoping*, not -eing. 
 
 Hopkins (Johns, not 
 John) University, U.S.A. 
 (no apos.). 
 
 hop-o»-my-thumb*, a 
 pigmy (hyphens). 
 
 hop-picker* (hyphen). 
 
 hopping*, action of hop, 
 also hop gathering, not 
 hoping. 
 
 166 
 
HOPPITEIl — HOUR 
 
 Hoppner (John), 1758- 
 1810, painter, R.A. 
 
 HoppO*. Chinese Board of 
 Revenue. 
 
 hopscotch*, (one word). 
 
 hor., horizon. 
 
 horja (Lat.), hour, pi. -as; 
 horasj canonical, hours 
 for prayer; — SUbse- 
 clvaSf leisure hours. 
 
 Horatius Codes, of the 
 Sublician Bridge ; pron. 
 kOk'leez. 
 
 horde*, a wandering tribe. 
 
 Horeham Iloa4, Sussex. 
 
 horehound*, not hoar-. 
 
 Horham, Suffolk. 
 
 horizon, abbr. hor. 
 
 horn (English), one of 
 the oboes ; in Fr. cor 
 anglais ;— (French) , one 
 of the trumpet class. 
 
 hornblende*, not -d. 
 
 hornpipe*, a dance (one 
 word). 
 
 horologe*, a timekeeper 
 (not ital.). 
 
 horology, abbr. horol. . 
 
 horoscope* (not ital.). 
 
 horribllej dicta (Lat.), 
 horrible to tell ; — visu, 
 horrible to see. 
 
 borsj* (Fr.), beyond, out 
 of; — coacours, not for 
 competition (not de) ; — 
 de combat *, disabled ; 
 — de la loiy outlaw ; — 
 de pair, without an equal ; 
 
 (Taeuvre*, sing, and 
 
 pi., relish, -es. 
 
 Horse Artillery (caps., 
 hyphen), abbr. H.A. 
 
 horseback* (one word). 
 
 horse/-chestnut*, not 
 
 -chesnut ; coper*, not 
 
 -couper (h3rphens). 
 
 Horse Fair, Kiddermin- 
 ster (two words). 
 
 Horsefair, Yorks. 
 
 horse/-flesh*, — fly* (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 Horse Guards (Royal)*, 
 abbr. H.G. (two words, 
 caps.). 
 
 horsehair* (one word). 
 
 horse/-marine*, a " land- 
 lubber"; — -power*, 
 
 abbr.h.p. ; race*; — 
 
 -radish* (hyphens). 
 
 horseshoe* (one word). 
 
 horse-tail* (hyphen). 
 
 horseTvhip * (one word). 
 
 Horsham, Sussex. 
 
 hors tigne (Fr.), excep- 
 tional. 
 
 horsy*, horse-like, nof-ey. 
 
 hort., horticulture. 
 
 bortus sicca s*f collection 
 of dried plants. 
 
 Hos., Hosea. 
 
 Hosanna/*, a shout of 
 praise, "save, we pray," 
 not -ah (not ital.) ; — 
 Sunday, Palm Sunday. 
 
 hospital (a, not an). 
 
 hospitaller*, «o/-aler. 
 
 hostel^*, -ry*. 
 
 hostilize*, Mo/-ise. 
 
 hostler, use ostler*. 
 
 hotbed* (hort.) (one word). 
 
 hotchpot* (law), gather- 
 ing for purpose of equal 
 division (one word). 
 
 hotchpotch* (cook.) (one 
 word) (see also hodge-). 
 
 hdte (Fr. m.), innkeeper, 
 host ; also guest. 
 
 hotel* (an, not a) ; — 
 (name of), when cited, 
 if ambiguous, to be roman 
 double-quoted. 
 
 Hdtell de ville* (Fr. m.), 
 
 town hall ; D/ei/*, a 
 
 hospital, pi. HdtelS' 
 Diea ; hdtet garni, 
 furnished lodgings. 
 
 hotel-keeper (an, not a) 
 (hyphen). 
 
 hot-house * (hort.) (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 Houdan, breed of fowls. 
 
 Houdin (J. E. R.), 1805- 
 71, conjurer. 
 
 Houdon (J.- A.), 1741- 
 1828, Fr. sculptor. 
 
 hour/* (an, not a) ; abbr. 
 
 sing, or pi. h. ; glass* 
 
 (an, not a) (hyphen). 
 
 167 
 
HOURI — HUCKABACK 
 
 houri/*, a n3rmph of the 
 Moham. paradise ; pi. -s. 
 
 Housa, African race, use 
 Hausa. 
 
 house, number of in a 
 street, should have no 
 point after, as 6 Fleet 
 Street ; abbr. ho. 
 
 House (the)*, the Stock 
 Exchange, Christ Church 
 (Oxford), the House of 
 Commons, the work- 
 house. 
 
 hou8e/-agent*, — boat* 
 (hyphens). 
 
 housebote* (law), house 
 repair. 
 
 housebreaker * (one 
 
 word). 
 
 house/-flag*, fly* (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 house/holder*, -keeper*, 
 -maid* (one word). 
 
 House of/ Commons 
 (the), abbr. H.C. ; — 
 
 — Keys, H.K. ; 
 
 Lords, abbr. H.L. 
 
 house/-painter*, phy- 
 sician*, abbr. H.P.; — 
 -surgeon*, abbr. H.S. 
 (hyphens). 
 
 housewife* (one word). 
 
 Housman (A. E.), 1859-, 
 poet ; — (Laurence), 
 1867-, writer and artist. 
 
 Houssaye (Arsdne), 
 1815-96, writer ; — 
 (Henri), 1848-, writer. 
 
 houyhnhnm*, a horse 
 with human characteris- 
 tics ('* Gulliver's Tra- 
 vels ") ; pron. hwinlm. 
 
 Hova, a Madagascan race. 
 
 hovell/er*, -ing* (two 
 Z's). 
 
 ho'wbeit* (one word). 
 
 how^dah*, elephant- seat, 
 not -a, houda, -ah, -ar, 
 -er. 
 
 how - do - you - do *, or 
 how-d'ye-do* (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 Howells (W. D.), 1837-, 
 Amer. writer. 
 
 Howietown fishery, Stir- 
 ling. 
 
 howitzer *, a cannon. 
 
 Howth, Dublin ; pron. 
 hOth. 
 
 hoy (naut.), abbr. H. 
 
 hoya* (bot.), a wax-plant. 
 
 hoyden*, not hoi-. 
 
 Hoylake, Cheshire (one 
 word). 
 
 H.P., half-pay, high pres- 
 sure, high-priest, house- 
 physician, (paper) hot- 
 pressed. 
 
 h.p., horse-power. 
 
 H.Q., Head-quarters. 
 
 h.q.*, hoc qusBre (look for 
 this), or q.v. 
 
 H.R., Home Rule, -r. House 
 of Representatives ; Hr, 
 (Ger.), Herr (Mr., Sir); 
 H:.R.E., Holy Roman 
 Empire ; H.R.H.*, His, 
 or Her, Royal Highness ; 
 H.R.I.P. (Lat.), hie re- 
 quiescit in pace (here rests 
 in peace). 
 
 H.S., hie sepultus (or situs) 
 (here is buried) , hoc sensu 
 (in this sense), house- 
 surgeon ; Hs. (Ger.), 
 Handschrift (manuscript); 
 H.S.E., hie sepultus (or 
 situs) est (here lies buried) ; 
 H.S.H., His, or Her, Se- 
 rene Highness ; H.S.M., 
 His, or Her, Serene 
 Majesty ; 'H..8.S.,Historix 
 Soeietaiis Soeius (Fellow 
 of the Historical So- 
 ciety). 
 
 h.t., hoc tempore (at this 
 time), hoc titulo (in, or 
 under, this title) ; (elec.) 
 high tension. 
 
 H.IT., Harvard Univer- 
 sity. 
 
 hubble-bubble*. Orien- 
 tal pipe (hyphen, not 
 ital.). 
 
 Hiibner (Julius), 1806- 
 82, painter. 
 
 huckaback*, a fabric, not 
 hugga- (one word). 
 
 x68 
 
HUCKNALL — HURDEN 
 
 Hucknall Torkard, 
 
 Notts, where Byron is 
 buried. 
 
 Hudson Bay, N. Amer., 
 not Hudson's — . 
 
 hue and cry* (no hyphen). 
 
 Hueffer (F. M.), 1873-, 
 writer ; — (Francis), 
 1845-89, mus. critic. 
 
 Hugel (Ger. m.), hill 
 (cap.). 
 
 hugger-mugger*, secret- 
 ly (hyphen, not ital.). 
 
 Hughenden, Bucks ; pron. 
 hitch'en-dn. 
 
 Hugli, not Hooghly. 
 
 Hugo (Victor Marie), 
 
 - 1802-85, Fr. writer. 
 
 Huguenot *, not -onot. 
 
 buis clos (k) (Fr.), with 
 closed doors, in camera. 
 
 bulssier* (Fr. m.), bailiff, 
 doorkeeper. 
 
 huttres (Fr. f.), oysters. 
 
 bujus anni (Lat.), of this 
 year ; abbr. A.a. 
 
 hukah, use hookah*. 
 
 hullabaloo*, uproar, not 
 the many variations. 
 
 HiiUah (J. P.), 1812-84, 
 musician. 
 
 huU/o, -oa, -00, use 
 haUo*. 
 
 Hulsean Lectures, Cam- 
 bridge. 
 
 Humaniora (Lat.), the 
 humanities ; abbr. Hum. 
 
 huniani25e*, «o/-ise. 
 
 humble* (a, not an). 
 
 humble-bee* (hyphen). 
 
 humble pie (to eat) *, not 
 umbel (two words). 
 
 Humboldt (F. H. A., 
 baron von), 1 769-1 859, 
 naturalist; — (K. W. 
 von), 1767-1835, states- 
 man and writer. 
 
 humdrum* (one word). 
 
 Humean*, of Hume, not 
 -ian. 
 
 humerus *, upper-arm 
 bone (not ital.). 
 
 hummel/*, -led*, -ler* 
 (Sc), (cattle) hornless; 
 
 (grain) awnless, not 
 humble. 
 
 humming-bird* (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 hummock*, not -uck, ho-. 
 
 bummum, Turkish bath, 
 use bammam*. 
 
 humoresque*, humorous- 
 ly, not humour-. 
 
 humor/ist*, -ize*, «o^-ise. 
 
 humorous/ *, -ly *, -ness *. 
 
 humour/, -ed*, -some*, 
 -somely*, -someness*, 
 not humor-. 
 
 humpback* (one word). 
 
 Humperdinck (Engel- 
 bert), 1854-, composer. 
 
 Humphrey (Dukei. 
 
 *♦ Humphrey's Clock 
 (Master),** by Dickens, 
 1840. 
 
 "Humphry (not -ey) 
 Clinker," by Smollett, 
 
 1771. 
 humpty-dumpty* (hy- 
 phen), 
 humus*, vegetable mould. 
 Hun., Hungary, -ian. 
 hunchback* (one word). 
 Hunooat, Accrington. 
 Huncote, Leicester. 
 bundert (Ger.), hundred, 
 hundred/, abbr. C ; 
 
 -weight/*, -s (one word), 
 
 abbr. cwt. 
 Hungary*, abbr. Hun.; 
 
 in Fr. Hongrie, in Ger. 
 
 Ungarn. 
 Hunstanton, Norfolk ; 
 
 pron. hun'stn. 
 Hunter's Quay, Argyl 
 
 (apos.). 
 Huntingdonshire, abbr. 
 
 Hunts (no point). 
 Huntington, Yorks. 
 Huntley, Glos. 
 Huntly, Aberdeen ; — 
 
 (Marquess o/), not -ey. 
 Hunyadi Jdnos, Hun- 
 garian mineral water. 
 Hunyady (Janos C), 
 
 1387-1456, Hungarian 
 
 General, not -adi. 
 hurden, fabric, use har-*. 
 
 169 
 
HURDS — HYSTERON 
 
 hnrds, use hards*. 
 
 hurdy-gurdy* (mus.) (set 
 also hirdy-). 
 
 hurly-burly*, not hi- bi-. 
 
 hurrah*, «o/-ay. 
 
 hurry- curry, use bara- 
 kiri*. 
 
 hurry-scurry*, pell-mell, 
 not -sk-. 
 
 Hurst/monceaux, -pier- 
 point, Sussex (one word). 
 
 Hus (John), 1 369- T 41 5, 
 more correct than Huss. 
 
 husband, abbr. h. 
 
 Husbands Bosworth, 
 Rugby (no apostrophe). 
 
 hussy*, not -zzy, 
 
 Hutton ((3t. M.), pen- 
 name of Mrs. Mona Caird. 
 
 Huygens (Christian), 
 1629-95, astr., «o/-ghens; 
 pron. hy'ggnz. 
 
 Huysmans (Joris Karl), 
 1848-, Fr. writer. 
 
 huzza*, a hurrah. 
 
 huzzy, use hussy*. 
 
 h.W. (cricket), hit wicket. 
 
 H"wb. (Ger.), Handworter- 
 buck (handy dictionary). 
 
 ,H. W. M., high - water 
 mark. 
 
 hyacinth* (bot.). 
 
 Hyacinthe (P§re>, or 
 Charles Loy son, 1827-, 
 priest. 
 
 hyaena, use hyena*. 
 
 hybemate, use hi-*. 
 
 hybridize*, etc., «o/-ise. 
 
 hyd., hydrostatics. 
 
 Hyderabad, India, use 
 Haidar-. 
 
 hydrangea*, a shrub, not 
 -ia (ital.). 
 
 hydro/carbon*, -dyna- 
 mics* (one word). 
 
 hydrcgen*, symbol H*. 
 
 hydrogenize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 hydrolysis *, decomposi- 
 tion of water. 
 
 hydrophobia* (not ital.). 
 
 hydrostatics, abbr. hyd. 
 
 hydrotherap/eutics*, -y* 
 (one word). 
 
 hyena*, not hyae-. 
 
 Hydres, dep. Var, France. 
 
 Hygeia*, goddess of 
 health, not -gea, -giea. 
 
 hygeian*, healthy, not 
 -ean, -lean. 
 
 hygeist*, a sanitarian, not 
 -gieist. 
 
 hygiene *, science of health. 
 
 hying*, not hie-. 
 
 H.Y.M.A., Hebrew Young 
 Men's Association. 
 
 hymen* (anat.) (not ital.). 
 
 hjoneneal* (not ital.). 
 
 hymn-book* (hyphen). 
 
 hyp., hypothesis, hypo- 
 thetical. 
 
 hypersem/ia*, -io*, not 
 -emia, -haemia. 
 
 hyperbola *, a curve. 
 
 hyperbole*, exaggeration ; 
 pron. hy-per'b6-l6. 
 
 hyperbolize*, not -ise. 
 
 hyper criticize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 hyphenize*, «o^-ise. 
 
 hyphens, see punctua- 
 tion, XV. 
 
 hypnotize *, not -ise. 
 
 hypochondria*, not -con- 
 dria (not ital.). 
 
 hypocrisy* (an, not a). 
 
 hypodertnja*, an under- 
 lying tissue ; pi. -ata *. 
 
 hypostatize *, «o^-ise. 
 
 hjrpotenuse* (geom.), not 
 hypoth-. 
 
 hypothec* (Scots law). 
 
 hypothes/is* (a, not an), 
 pi. -es*; abbr. hyp. 
 
 hypothesize*, to assume, 
 not -ise. 
 
 hy-spy*, a game, not I spy. 
 
 hysteresis* (physics). 
 
 hysterical (an>. 
 
 hysteron proieron*{Gr.^, 
 the reverse of natural 
 order : the cart before 
 the horse. 
 
 170 
 
H NOTES 
 
 171 
 
H NOTES 
 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 k 
 h 
 
 h 
 I 
 _ I 
 17« 
 
I. — IDEOaKAPH 
 
 I., Idaho, island, -s, the ninth 
 
 ill a series, all proper 
 
 names with this initial, 
 
 intperator (emperor), int- 
 
 peratrix (empress), (Ger.) 
 
 Ihr (your), etc. 
 I, iodine, (roman numeral) 
 
 one (no point). 
 I (typ.), should not come at 
 
 end of line if avoidable. 
 / Celec), moment of inertia 
 
 (ital.). 
 i., id (that). 
 I (Gr.), iota (no dot) ; 
 
 (math.) square root of 
 
 minus one. 
 I (it la), it is me, both 
 
 permissible in speech, but 
 
 latter should not be printed. 
 I.A., Indian Army, infected 
 
 area. 
 la., offic. abbr. for Iowa. 
 i. A. {Gcr., imAuJiragt {by 
 
 order of). 
 I.A.A.A., Irish Amateur 
 
 Athletic Association, 
 lachimo. in ''Cymbeline "; 
 
 pron. yak'i-mo. 
 iambize*, not -ise. 
 ibex/*,^/. -es*. 
 ibidem * (Lat. ), in the same 
 
 place, pron. Ib-I'dem ; 
 
 abbr. lb.*, or ibid* (ital., 
 
 not cap. ) (set also idem). 
 ibis/* vornith.),//. -es*. 
 Iblis, use B-. 
 I.B.S^., Inanimate Bird 
 
 Shooting Association. 
 Ibsen iHenrik), iSaa-, 
 
 Norwegian writer. 
 I.e., lesHS Christus (Jesus 
 
 Christ). 
 I.e. A., Irish Cyclists Asso- 
 ciation. 
 Icarian*, of Icarus, no/ -ean. 
 Ice., Iceland, -ic. 
 ice-cream* (hyphen). 
 Icelandic (typ.), roman 
 
 now used, but with many 
 
 special characters. 
 
 icb (Ger.), I (cap. only at 
 beginning of sentence). 
 
 Icb diea (Ger.), I serve 
 (motto of the Prince of 
 Wales>. 
 
 ichthyology, abbr. ichth. 
 
 icbthyosaurlus^ (palae- 
 ont.\ pi. -/♦. 
 
 id on parie tranfais, 
 French spoken here 
 (1.C/). 
 
 Icknield Street, a Roman 
 road in England. 
 
 I.C.N., In CJirisU' noming 
 (in Christ's name). 
 
 icon/*, an illustration or 
 portrait ; pi. -B ; -Ic •, not 
 ik., eik- (not ital.) (sm 
 also Eikon). 
 
 icon., iconography, -ic. 
 
 I.C.8., Indian Civil Ser- 
 vice. 
 
 I.C.T., lesu Otristo Tutore 
 (Jesus Christ being our 
 protector). 
 
 I.D. (mil. ), Intelligence De- 
 partment. 
 
 /d(Lat.), that; abbr. 1. 
 
 #«/.*, idem (the same). 
 
 I'd*, I had, or I would ; 
 (typ.) to be close up. 
 
 Idaho, abbr. I. 
 
 I.D.B. (S. Africa), illicit 
 diamond buyer. 
 
 idealize *, not -ise. 
 
 idealo^cal, see ideo-. 
 
 id6e fixe (Fr. f.), fixed 
 idea. 
 
 idem! * (Lat), the same, or^ 
 as mentioned before ; pi. 
 same, abbr. id.* It has 
 been suggested to confine 
 use of idem or id. to 
 author's name, and ibtd. 
 or ib. to title of book, as 
 Id., ib.; — quod, the 
 same as, abbr. i.q, 
 
 ideograph*, a character, 
 not a word, symbolizing 
 an idea, not idea-. 
 
 ITS 
 
IDEOLOGICAL — IGNIS 
 
 Ideolog/ioal*, relating to 
 the study of ideas, not 
 idea- ; -ist*, a mere 
 theorist ; -ize*, not -ise. 
 
 ides*, the fifteenth of 
 March, May, July, 
 October, the thirteenth 
 of other months. 
 
 id est* (LatO, that is; 
 abbr. i.e.* (abbr. not ital., 
 no caps., comma before). 
 
 id genus omne (Lat.), all 
 of that kind. 
 
 idiocy*, not -icy. 
 
 idiosyncrasy*, not -cy. 
 
 idiotoy, use idiocy*. 
 
 idl/ing *, -y *, not -eing, -ey. 
 
 I.D.N. (Lat.), In Dei 
 nomine (in God's name). 
 
 idolater*, not -or. 
 
 idolize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 idoI'iOn *, an image ; pron. 
 I-dO'l6n, pi. -a *. 
 
 Idumeda, not -ea. 
 
 idyll*, not -yl. 
 
 -ie-, in words, the pro- 
 nunciation of which does 
 not imply the spell- 
 ing : — achieve, adieu, 
 aerie, aggrieve, ancient, 
 apiece, archiepiscopal, 
 Aries, audience, barrier, 
 befriend, belie, belief, be- 
 lieve, besiege, bier, bom- 
 bardier, brevier, brief, 
 brigadier, calefacient, 
 cashier, cavalier, chan- 
 delier, chief, chiflFonier, 
 clothier, coefficient, collie, 
 collier, commorient, con- 
 science, consentient, co- 
 sentient, coterie, courier, 
 courtier, cuirassier, cur- 
 rier, deficient, die, dis- 
 believe, disobedience, 
 disorientate, dissilient, 
 efficiency, -t, emollient, 
 enshield, farrier, fie, fief, 
 fieldjfieldfare, fiend, fierce, 
 flies, friend,frieze,frontier, 
 fusiher, gaiety, gambler, 
 gaselier, glacier, grenadi er, 
 grief, grieve, -ance, -ous, 
 handkerchief, harrier, hie, 
 
 hosiery, hygienic, im- 
 patience, -t, inalienable, 
 inefficiency, -t, ingluvies, 
 lie, lief, liege, lieu, lieu- 
 tenant, maieutic, mediety, 
 mien, misbeUef, mischief, 
 mischievous, nescience, 
 niece, niello, omniscience, 
 -t, oriel, orient, osier, 
 patience, -t, pie, piebald, 
 piece, -meal, pier, pierce, 
 piezometer, prairie, pre- 
 mier, prescience, priest, 
 -craft, -hood, -rid, pro- 
 ficiency, -t, prurience, -t, 
 purlieu, quotient, rabies, 
 rapier, relief, reprieve, 
 resiliency, -t, retrieve, 
 reverie, review, rilievo, 
 sentient, shield, shriek, 
 siege, sieve, spaniel, 
 specie, -s, stupefacient, 
 sufficiency, -t, super- 
 sahent, sympiesometer, 
 tannier (a root), terrier, 
 thief, thieve, tie, tier, 
 tierce, tiercel, transient, 
 vernier, vie, view, -less, 
 vizier, wield, yield, and 
 in the pi. of nouns, com- 
 parative of adverbs, and 
 past part, of verbs ending 
 in y (not -ey), as fancies, 
 speedier, hurried (see also 
 -eU). 
 
 I.E., Indian Empire, Indo- 
 European. 
 
 i.e.*, id est (that is) (not ital., 
 no caps., comma before). 
 
 lesu (Lat.), Jesus. 
 
 I.G., Indo-Germanic, (mil.) 
 Inspector-General. 
 
 Igdrasil, Iggdrasil, use 
 Yggdrasill. 
 
 I.G.P. (mil.), Inspector- 
 General of Fortifica- 
 tions. 
 
 igtt,, ignotus (unknown"). 
 
 Ignatief (count N. P.), 
 1832-87, Russian 
 
 diplomatist. 
 
 ignis fatuus* (Lat.), will- 
 o'-the-wisp ; pi, ignes 
 fatui. 
 
 174 
 
IGNITABLE — IMMANENT 
 
 Ignitable*, not -ibie. 
 ignoramus/*,/*/, -es*. 
 ignoratio elenchi*(Lat.), 
 
 refuting a proposition 
 
 differing from that one 
 
 professes to be refuting. 
 ignotum per ignotius 
 
 (Lat.), the unknown by 
 
 means of the more un- 
 known, not ignotus. 
 ignotus (Lat.), unknown ; 
 
 abbr. iga, 
 i.b,, iacet hie (here lies). 
 ihm (Ger.), to him. 
 Ihnen (Ger.), to you (in 
 
 address) (cap. ) ; to them 
 
 (not cap.). 
 i.h.p.* (mech.), indicated 
 
 horse-power. 
 Ibr (Ger.), your (cap.) ; 
 
 abbr. I. 
 ibr (Ger.), to her, her, 
 
 their (not cap.). 
 I H S*, lesus (Jesus) (no 
 
 points). 
 II* (roman numeral), two 
 
 (no point). 
 Ill* (roman numeral), three 
 
 (no point). 
 IIII, use IV, except on 
 
 clock-face, 
 /. J.J im Jahre (in the year), 
 ij (med.), two. 
 /. J. d. W, (Ger.), int Jahre 
 
 der Welt (in the year of 
 
 the world). 
 LK.H, (Ger.), Jhre konig- 
 
 liche Hoheit (Her Royal 
 
 Highness). 
 ikon, use icon* {see also 
 
 Eikon). 
 i/(Fr.), he or it; (It., m.), 
 
 the. 
 ilex/* (bot. ),/>/. -es. 
 Iliad*, of Homer (roman, 
 
 not quoted). 
 Iliohpur,Ind.,M5^Ellich-. 
 ilk (of that), of the same 
 
 name, not family. 
 111., off. abbr. Illinois. 
 ill, , illustrissimus (most 
 
 distinguished). 
 rU*, I shall or will ; (typ.) 
 to be close up. 
 
 ill-advised/*, -ly* (hy- 
 
 phens). 
 lUe-et-Vilaine, dep. Fr. 
 illegalize*, not -ise. 
 illegitimatize *, not -ise. 
 ill-health (hyphen). 
 illiberalize*, not -ise. 
 Illinois, off. abbr. 111. 
 illipsis, use e-*. 
 iilotis manibus (Lat.), 
 
 with unwashed hands, 
 
 unprepared. 
 Iliutninatji*, a sect ; sing. 
 
 -o. 
 illustrat/ed, -ion, abbr. 
 
 illus. 
 illustrations, references 
 
 tobeas^'Platell, fig. 4." 
 illustrator*, not -er. 
 ill will* (two words). 
 // ify a pas de quoi (Fr.), 
 
 don't mention it. 
 I.Ij.P., Independent Labour 
 
 Party. 
 Tm*, I am; (typ.) to be 
 
 close up. 
 im (Ger.m. and n.), in dent 
 
 (in the). 
 imagines maJorum{Lat.), 
 
 ancestors' portraits. 
 imag/o*, winged insect ; 
 
 pi. -ines* (not ital.). 
 imam*, Mohammedan 
 
 priest, not -am, -aum. 
 im Auftrage (Ger.), by 
 
 order of ; abbr. /. A, 
 im/bank, -bargo, -bathe, 
 
 -bed, -bitter, -blaze, 
 
 -blossom, -body, 
 
 -bolden, -bosom, 
 
 -bound, -bower, 
 
 -brangle, uoe em-*, 
 imbr/ex*, a gutter tile ; pi. 
 
 -ices, 
 imbroglio/*,/*/, -s, «o/em-, 
 
 pron. im-bro'lyo (not ital.). 
 im/brue*, -brute*, -bue*, 
 
 not em-. 
 I.M.D., Indian Medical 
 
 Department. 
 im Jabre (Ger.), in the 
 
 year ; abbr. i. J. 
 immanent*, inherent {see 
 
 also immi-). 
 
 175 
 
IMMATERIAIiIZE — IMPRINT 
 
 immaterialize*, not -ise. 
 immeasurabl/e*, -y*. 
 Immedia tkommission 
 
 (Ger. f.), a royal commis- 
 sion. 
 
 immesh, use en-*. 
 
 imminent*, coming on 
 soon {see also imma-). 
 
 immobile* (not ital,). 
 
 immobiliz/e*, -ation*. 
 
 immortalize*, not -ise. 
 
 immortelle *, an ever- 
 lasting flower (not ital.). 
 
 immov/able*, -ability*, 
 -ableness*, -ably*. 
 
 immunize*, «o/ -ise. 
 
 I.M.N.S., Imperial Military 
 Nursing Service. 
 
 imp., imperative, imperial, 
 impersonal, imported, -er, 
 imprimatur. 
 
 impair*, not em-. 
 
 impale/*, -ment*, not 
 em-. 
 
 impa/nel, -nnel, use em- 
 panel*. 
 
 impassable*, not to be 
 passed. 
 
 impasse*, a blind alley 
 (not ital.). 
 
 impassible*, insensible. 
 
 impassion*, not em-. 
 
 impasto*, the thick laying 
 on of colour. 
 
 impedance* (elec), hin- 
 drance (not ital.). 
 
 impediment/a*, baggage; 
 stng. -iim (not ital.). 
 
 impel/*, -led*, -ling*. 
 
 imperative, abbr. imp. 
 
 imperatlor* (Lat.), fem. 
 'rix *, absolute ruler ; 
 abbr. I. 
 
 imperf., imperfect, (stamps) 
 imperforate. 
 
 imperfect, abbr. imp. 
 
 imperial, abbr. imp. 
 
 imperial/ (double), print- 
 ing paper, 44 x 30 in. ; — 
 folio, 22 X 15; — octavo, 
 11X7V2; — quarto, 
 15 X II {see also books). 
 
 Imperial (Ger. typ. n.), 
 nine-hne pica type (cap.). 
 
 imperialize*, not -ise. 
 imperil/*, -led*, -Irag. 
 imperium in imperio* 
 
 (Lat.), an empire w^ithin 
 an empire. 
 
 impersonal, abbr. imp. 
 
 itnpliee *, a sugar-cane, not 
 -fe, -phie. 
 
 impicture, use em-*. 
 
 impierce, use em- *. 
 
 implicite (Lat.), by impli- 
 cation. 
 
 import/ed, -er, abbr. imp. 
 
 impose* (typ.), to arrange 
 pages of type in a " form," 
 so that they will read 
 consecutively when the 
 printed sheet is folded. 
 
 impostor*, not -er. 
 
 impresa (It.), an under- 
 taking. 
 
 impresario* (one s) (not 
 ital.). 
 
 itnpressa (It.), an imprint. 
 
 impression* (typ.), the 
 degree of pressure on a 
 sheet in the printing 
 press ; the imprint of 
 type, etc., as "a good 
 impression " ; a printed 
 copy ; an edition ; print- 
 ing (see also title pages). 
 
 imprimatur*, sanction; 
 abbr. imp. (not ital.). 
 
 imprimler (Fr.), to print; 
 'Crie, f. printing oflSce ; 
 -ear, m. printer. 
 
 imprimis* (Lat.), in the 
 first place, not in primis 
 (ital.). 
 
 imprint* (printer's), 
 the name of the printer 
 and place of printing at 
 the end of a book, or on 
 the back of the title page 
 (O.E.D.). Necessary by 
 Act of Parliament: if 
 omitted, payment not re- 
 coverable by law. To be 
 on all parliamentary and 
 municipal election work, 
 even on post cards. — 
 (publisher's), the name 
 of the publisher, place of 
 
 176 
 
IMPBOMPTU — IND. 
 
 publication, and date, 
 usually printed at the foot 
 of the title page (O.E.D.) 
 {see also title page). 
 
 impromptu/*, pi. -s (not 
 ital.). 
 
 improvisat/e*, to extem- 
 porize ; m. -ore*, /em. 
 -rice*, pi. -ori* (not ital.) 
 (one v). 
 
 improvise*, noi -ize. 
 
 I.M.S., Indian Medical 
 Service ; (Ger.), Ihrer 
 Majestdt Schiff (Her 
 Majesty's Ship). 
 
 In* (chem.), indium, 
 
 in., inch, -es. 
 , in (Ger.), in, into. 
 
 -in* (chem.), a suffix to 
 names of neutral sub- 
 stances {see also -ine). 
 
 in\ abstracto* (Lat.), in 
 the abstract; — actu, 
 in reality ; — xternum, 
 for ever ; — alio loco, 
 in another place. 
 
 inamorat/o*,/^w. -a*, a 
 lover, not en- (not ital.) 
 {see also inn-). 
 
 in articulo mortis * { Lat. ) , 
 at the moment of death. 
 
 inasmuch* (one word). 
 
 in banco* (Lat.), before a 
 quorum of judges. 
 
 Inbegriff (Ger. m.), epit- 
 ome, inclusion (cap.). 
 
 Inca*, one of the royal 
 race of Peru, not Y-. 
 
 in caslo quies (Lat.), in 
 heaven (is) rest, not coe-. 
 
 incage, use en-*. 
 
 in] camera* (Lat."!, not in 
 open court; — capite*, 
 holding direct from the 
 Crown. 
 
 incase, use en-*. 
 
 inj catliedra* (Lat.), in 
 the chair of office ; — 
 cautelam, for a warning. 
 
 incavo (It.), the incised 
 part of an intaglio. 
 
 inch*, in metric system 25-4 
 millimetres ; pi. -es, abbr. 
 in., sign ". 
 
 inehase, use en- *. 
 Inchcape Rock (two 
 
 words). 
 inchmeal*, little by little. 
 in Cliristi nomine (Lat.), 
 
 in Christ's name; abbr. 
 
 i.c.3sr. 
 
 incipitj* (Lat.), (here) 
 
 begins ; -lir, it is begun, 
 incise*, not -ize. 
 incl., including, inclusive. 
 incl. (Fr.), indusivetnent 
 
 (inclusive). 
 inclasp, use en-*, 
 incloister, use en- *. 
 inclose, etc., use en- *. 
 including, abbr. incl. 
 ** In Casna Domini," 
 
 celebrated papal bull. 
 Incogniti cricket club, 
 incognit/o*, pi. -i*, /em. 
 
 -a*, pi. -ae ; abbr. incog, 
 incognizable*, «o/-isable. 
 income-tax* (hyphen). 
 inj commendam* (Lat.), 
 
 temporarily holding a 
 
 vacant benefice ; — COn- 
 
 cretO*, in the concrete. 
 inconnuj (Fr.), /em. -e, 
 
 unknown. 
 incor., incorporated, 
 increas/ed, -ing, abbr. 
 
 incr. 
 incroach, use en-*, 
 incrust, use en- *. 
 incrystal*, not en-. 
 incubous*(bot.) (not ital.). 
 incub/us *, an oppression ; 
 
 pl.-i*. 
 incumber, etc., use en-*. 
 incunabulja *,sing. -urn *, 
 
 the earliest examples of 
 
 any art ; (bibliog.) books 
 
 printed before 1500. 
 incur/*, -red*, -ring*. 
 in curia (Lat.), in open 
 
 court. 
 incujs* (zool.), pi. -des. 
 in custodia legis (Lat.), 
 
 in legal custody. 
 Ind, poetical for India (no 
 
 point). 
 Ind., India, -n, off. abbr. 
 
 for Indiana. 
 177 12 
 
IND. — INDICTER 
 
 ind., independent, index, 
 indication. 
 
 I.N.D., in nomine Dei (in 
 the name of God). 
 
 in das (Ger. n,), into the; 
 abbr. ins. 
 
 indeclinable, abbr. in- 
 decl. 
 
 indefatigabl/e,* -y*. 
 
 indefeasible*, not -able. 
 
 indefensible *. 
 
 indefinite, abbr. indef. 
 
 indelible*, «o/-able, -eble. 
 
 in deliciis * (Lat), in affec- 
 tion. 
 
 in dem (Ger. m. and n.), in 
 the ; abbr. im. 
 
 tndemni/fy*, -ty, not en-. 
 
 indent* (typ.), to begin a 
 line, or lines, with a 
 blank space. 
 
 indention* (hanging or 
 reverse) (typ.), the first 
 line full out, those follow- 
 ing indented, as here. 
 
 indenture*, not en-. 
 
 independ/enoe *, - ent *, 
 abbr. ind. 
 
 Independence Day*, 
 U.S.A., 4 July* 
 
 in deposito* (Lat), in 
 deposit. 
 
 index/*, pi. -es*, abbr. 
 ind. To make the catch- 
 •word of each entry prom- 
 inent it should be printed 
 in a special fount such as 
 clarendon. A colon 
 after catchword, a comma 
 between last word of entry 
 and first figure of volume 
 or page, also between 
 pages when there are 
 more than one. A semi- 
 colon between each entry 
 under same catchword. 
 The volume, when more 
 than one, to be in roman 
 lower-case numerals, i, ii, 
 to be followed by comma. 
 First line of each par. to be 
 full width of measure, sub- 
 sequent lines indented (in 
 small type, one en or em). 
 
 178 
 
 ind/ex * (math.), pi. -ices*; 
 
 — (typ. ) the hand $&" used 
 to point out a passage, 
 etc., or to call attention. 
 
 •• Index/ Expurgator- 
 ius"* (Lat.), index of 
 the passages to be ex- 
 punged ; *• — Librorum/ 
 Expurgandonim " * 
 (R.C.C.), a list of 
 books which may be read 
 only in expurgated edi- 
 tions ; «* Prohibi- 
 
 torum»** (R.C.C.), a 
 list of books which the 
 Church forbids to be 
 read. 
 
 indexj rerum (Lat.), an 
 index of things ; — ver- 
 boruaiy ditto of words. 
 
 India/, -n, abbr. Ind. 
 
 India/man* (naut.), pL 
 -men*. 
 
 india matting. 
 
 Indiana, offic. abbr. Ind. 
 
 Indianapolis, U.S.A. 
 
 Indian/Army, abbr. I. A. ; 
 
 — Civil Service, I.C.S. 
 Indian/ com, — ink, not 
 
 india — (not cap.). 
 
 indian red*. 
 
 Indian/ Empire, abbr. 
 I.E. ; — Territory, 
 U.S.A., off. abbr. Ind.T. 
 
 India paper*, generally 
 imported from China (!), 
 not -ian (no hyphen) ; 
 
 Oxford* , a very 
 
 thin, tough, opaque print- 
 ing-paper made by the 
 Oxford University Press 
 (O.E.D.); India proof *, 
 one printed on India 
 paper (cap. /). 
 
 india-rubber* (hyphen). 
 
 indicated horse-power, 
 abbr. i.h.p. 
 
 indication, abbr. ind. 
 
 indicative, abbr. indie. 
 
 ind/ices * (math. ), not 
 -exes ; sing, -ex *. 
 
 indicilum*, a sign; pL 
 -a*. 
 
 indicter*, not -or. 
 
INDIGESTIBLE — INFUSORIUM 
 
 indigestible*, mo/ -able. 
 
 indiscreet *, injudicious. 
 
 indiscrete*, not divided 
 into distinct parts. 
 
 in disparte (It.), aside. 
 
 indispensable*, «o/-ible. 
 
 indium*, symbol In*. 
 
 individualize*, Mo/-ise. 
 
 indivldujum* (Lat.), the 
 indivisible ; pi. -a*. 
 
 Ind. Meth., Independent 
 Methodists. 
 
 Indo-European *, abbr. 
 I.E., or Indo-Eur. 
 
 Indo- German/*, -ic*, 
 abbr. I.G., or Indo- 
 Ger. 
 
 indoor/*, -s* (one word). 
 
 indorse, etc., use en-*. 
 
 Indostan, use Hindu-. 
 
 indraught*, not -aft. 
 
 Ind.T., offic. abbr. for 
 Indian Territory, U.S.A. 
 
 in dubio* (Lat.), in doubt. 
 
 indubitably*. 
 
 induction*, not -xion. 
 
 indu/e, -re, use en- *. 
 
 in dupJo (Lat.), in dupli- 
 cate. 
 
 -ine* (chem.), a suflSx re- 
 stricted to names of 
 alkaloids and basic sub- 
 stances {see also -in). 
 
 inSditj, fern, -e (Fr.), un- 
 published. 
 
 inedita (Lat.), unpublished 
 compositions. 
 
 ineffaceable *. 
 
 in equilibrio* (Lat.), in 
 equilibrium. 
 
 inertia* (not ital.), but vis 
 inertias. 
 
 inj esse* (Lat.), actually 
 existing; — excelsis*, in 
 the highest (degree) ; — 
 extenso*, at full length ; 
 — extremis *, at the very 
 point of death. 
 
 in f., in fine (finally). 
 
 inf., infantry, infinitive. 
 
 inf., infra (below). 
 
 in facie] curias (Lat.), 
 
 before the court ; 
 
 ecciesias, ditto Church. 
 
 infallibilist*, not -blist. 
 
 Infanta *, dau. of King and 
 Queen of Spain ; In- 
 fante *, younger son of 
 ditto. 
 
 infantry, abbr. inf. 
 
 infected area, abbr. I.A. 
 
 infer/*, -red*, -ring*. 
 
 infer/able*, deducible, not 
 -ible, -rable, -rible. 
 
 inferior characters 
 
 (typ.), those set below 
 the line, as in chem. 
 formulae; thus 1.2. a. b. 
 
 inferr/able, -ibie, use 
 inferable*. 
 
 in fidem copias (Lat.), 
 true copy. 
 
 in fieri* (Lat.), in course 
 of completion. 
 
 infima species (Lat.), pi. 
 infimas —. 
 
 infin., infinitive. 
 
 in fine*, finally ; abbr. in f. 
 (not ital.). 
 
 infinitive, abbr. inf., or 
 infija. 
 
 in flagrante delicto* 
 (Lat), in the very act of 
 committing the offence. 
 
 inflatable*, not -eable. 
 
 inflater*, not -or. 
 
 inflexion *, not -ction. 
 
 infold, etc., «s^en-*. 
 
 in- folio (Fr. m.), folio. 
 
 inforce, etc., use en-*. 
 
 in forma pauperis* 
 (Lat.), as a pauper. 
 
 in fbrol conscientias* 
 (Lat), in the court of 
 conscience ; — — do- 
 mesticOy in a domestic, 
 
 not foreign, court ; 
 
 secularly in a secular 
 court. 
 
 infraj (Lat), below, abbr. 
 inf. ; — dignitatem *, 
 undignified, abbr. infra 
 dig.* 
 
 infula*, the ribbons of a 
 bishop's mitre. 
 
 in fumo* (Lat.), in smoke. 
 
 infuser*, not -or. 
 
 infusorijum*, pi. -a*. 
 
 79 12* 
 
IN FUTURO — INNS 
 
 in tuturo (Lat), in, or for, 
 the future. 
 
 Ingelow (Jean), 1820-97, 
 
 ^ poetess. 
 
 in genere* (Lat.), in kind. 
 
 ingenieur civil (Fr. m.), 
 civil engineer. 
 
 ingenue (Fr. f.), an artless 
 girl. 
 
 ingesta*, food, etc. (not 
 ital.). 
 
 Ingestre, Staffs, pron. 
 in'ges-trS {g, as in go.) 
 
 ingle-nook*, chimney 
 corner (hyphen). 
 
 •* Ingoldsby Legends,** 
 by R. H. Barham, 1840. 
 
 ingraft, ingrain (verb), 
 use en-*. 
 
 ingrain* (adj.) (one word). 
 
 in gremio legis (Lat.), in 
 the lap of the law. 
 
 in/groove, -gross, -gulf, 
 use en- *. 
 
 inhabitant, abbr. inhab. 
 
 in liac parte (Lat.), on 
 this part. 
 
 Inlialt (Ger. m.), contents. 
 
 inbalisverzeiclinis (Ger. 
 n.),tableof contents (cap.). 
 Index in Ger. is called 
 Register. 
 
 inherit*, etc., not en-. 
 
 in] tioc (Lat.), in this re- 
 spect ; — hoc salus, safe- 
 ty in this; — infinitum*, 
 for ever ; — initio, in the 
 beginning, abbr. in init. ; 
 — integrum, entire ; — 
 invidiam f to excite 
 prejudice ; — invitum, 
 compulsory. 
 
 I.N.I., in nomine lesu (in 
 the name of Jesus). 
 
 Inisfail, use Inn-. 
 
 inisle, use en- *. 
 
 initial/*, -ed*, -ing*. 
 
 initials (typ.), not to be 
 separated by end of Une. 
 {See also capitalization, 
 capitals.) 
 
 in jure (Lat.), in law. 
 
 injurija (Lat.), a wrong; 
 pi. -as. 
 
 Inkermann, Crimea, not 
 
 -an. 
 ink/pot*, -stand* (one 
 
 word). 
 in\ limine* (Lat.), at the 
 
 outset, abbr. in lim, ; — 
 
 loco*, in place of; 
 
 — loco citato, in the 
 place cited, abbr. loc. 
 cit. ; — loco parentis *, 
 in the position of parent ; 
 
 — medias res*, into 
 the midst of affairs ; — 
 medio*, in the middle; 
 
 — medio tutissimus 
 ibis, the middle course 
 is safest; — memo- 
 riam*, in memory (of). 
 
 innamoratjo*, fem. -a*, 
 
 mod. It. spelling of 
 
 inam- *. 
 Innenseite (Ger. typ. £), 
 
 the inside of a sheet. 
 inner (typ.), that side of 
 
 a sheet containing the 
 
 second page. 
 innerlialb (Ger.), within. 
 Innes (C), 1798-1874, Sc. 
 
 antiquary. 
 Inness (G.)> 1825-94, 
 
 Amer. painter. 
 innigsten Dank (Ger. 
 
 accus.), warmest thanks. 
 Innisfail, poet, for Ireland, 
 
 not Ini-. 
 Inniskilling/ Dragoons, 
 
 — Fusiliers {see also 
 E-). 
 
 innkeeper* (one word). 
 
 Innocents* Day*, 28 
 December (caps.). 
 
 innoculate, use ino-*. 
 
 innocuous*, harmless. 
 
 inj nomine (Lat.), in the 
 name (of a person) ; — 
 notis (Lat.), in the notes. 
 
 innoxious*, harmless. 
 
 inns (names of), when 
 cited, if ambiguous, to be 
 roman double-quoted. 
 
 Inns of Court*(the),Inner 
 Temple, Middle Temple, 
 Lincohi's Inn, Gray's 
 Inn. 
 
 z8o 
 
IN NUBIBUS — I.N.S.T. 
 
 JnJ Bubibus* (Lat.), in 
 the clouds ; — nuce, in 
 a nutshell. 
 
 innuendo/*, pi. -es*, not 
 inu- (not ital.). 
 
 Innuit (Eskimo). 
 
 in-octavo (Fr.), octavo. 
 
 inoculate*, not en-, inn-. 
 
 in ovo (Lat.), undeveloped. 
 
 inoxidize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 inj pace (Lat.), in peace; 
 
 — pari materia, in an 
 analogous case ; — parti- 
 bus infidelium*, in the 
 regions of unbelievers, 
 abbr. i.p.i., or in par- 
 tibus*. 
 
 in-patient* (hyphen). 
 
 in] pectore (Lat.), in re- 
 serve ; — perpetuum *, 
 forever ; — persona, in 
 person ; — pettO* (It.), in 
 reserve; — piccolo (It.), 
 in Httle ; —piano * (Lat.), 
 on a plane surface ; 
 
 — pontificaiibus*, in 
 the proper vestments ; 
 
 — posse*, potentially; 
 — - posterunif for the 
 future; — potentia*, 
 potentially ',—prassenti, 
 now ; — prxsentia, for 
 the present ; — primis, 
 use imprimis* ; — prin^ 
 cipio*, in the beginning, 
 abbr. in pr. ; — propria 
 causa, in his, or her, 
 own suit ; — propria 
 persona*, in his, or 
 her, own person; — 
 prospectu, in prospect ; 
 
 — puris naturalibus*, 
 naked. 
 
 in-quarto * (Fr. m.), quarto. 
 
 inquir/e*, -y*, not en-. 
 
 inj re* (Lat.), in the matter 
 of; — rem (law), relating 
 to a matter ; — rerum 
 natura*, in the. nature of 
 things. 
 
 I.N.R.I., lesus Nasarenusy 
 Rex Judseorunt (Jesus of 
 Nazareth, King of the 
 Jews). 
 
 inroll, use enrol*. 
 
 Ins., Inspector. 
 
 ins., insurance. 
 
 ins (Ger.), in das (into the). 
 
 in sascula saeculorum* 
 (Lat.), for ever and ever. 
 
 insoonce, use en- *. 
 
 insculpture*, not en-. 
 
 in se (Lat.), in itself, in 
 themselves. 
 
 insecta* is pi, not -se. 
 
 in-seize (Fr.), i6mo. 
 
 Insel {Ger. f.), island (cap.). 
 
 insert* (typ.), an add- 
 itional sentence or para- 
 graph added to a proof 
 to be inserted in the 
 revise or final proof. 
 
 inset* (typ.), to insert as 
 an inset; an extra page 
 or set of pages inserted 
 in a proof, or book; an 
 advertisement on a separ- 
 ate leaf inserted in a maga- 
 zine (O.E.D.) ; one folded 
 sheet laid inside another. 
 
 inset/*, -ted*, -ting*. 
 
 inside/ (typ.), that side of 
 a sheet containing the 
 second page; — quires 
 or reams (typ.), those 
 with perfect sheets. 
 
 insignia* is pi. (not ital.). 
 
 insisten/ce*,-t*, «o/-ance, 
 -ant. 
 
 in situ* (Lat.), in posi- 
 tion. 
 
 insnare, use en- *. 
 
 in solido (Lat.), entirely. 
 
 insomnia*, sleeplessness. 
 
 insoucian/ce *, careless- 
 ness ; -t*, careless (not 
 ital.). 
 
 insoijd, use en-*. 
 
 in specie* (Lat.), in the 
 precise form. 
 
 Inspector, abbr. Ins. 
 
 Inspector- General, abbr. 
 I.G., or Ins.-Gen. ; 
 ditto of FortifLoations, 
 
 i.a.p. 
 
 I.N.S.T., in nomine Sancias 
 Trinitatis (in the name of 
 the Holy Trinity). 
 
 i8z 
 
INST. — INTERPRET 
 
 inst., instant, institute, -s, 
 -ion. 
 
 install* (two Ps), not en-. 
 
 instalment* (one /). 
 
 instant, of this month, 
 abbr. inst. — should not 
 be printed. 
 
 instanter* (Lat.), at once 
 (ital.). 
 
 instar omnium (Lat), 
 worth all the rest 
 
 in statu J pupillari (Lat), 
 in a condition of pupil- 
 age ; quo {ante, 
 
 prius, or nunc) *, in the 
 same state (as formerly or 
 now). 
 
 Inst.CE., Institution of 
 Civil Engineers. 
 
 instil/*, not -11; -led*, 
 -ling*. 
 
 Institut de France, the 
 association of the five 
 French Academies. 
 
 institut/e, -es, -ion, abbr. 
 inst. 
 
 Institute of Actuaries, 
 abbr. Inst. Act. ; ditto 
 Marine Engineers, 
 Inst.M.E. 
 
 Institution of Civil 
 Engineers, abbr. Inst. 
 C.E. ; ditto Electrical 
 Engineers, Inst.E.E. ; 
 ditto Mechanical En- 
 gineers, Inst.Mech.E.; 
 ditto Naval Archi- 
 tects, Inst.!N".A. 
 
 insti tutor*, not -er. 
 
 instructor*, not -er. 
 
 instrument/, -al, abbr. 
 instr. 
 
 insurance*, "the present 
 usage is to differentiate 
 life assurance, and fire 
 and marine insurance " 
 (O.E.D.); abbr. ins. 
 
 insw^athe, use en-*. 
 
 int., interest, interior, 
 interjection, interpreter. 
 
 int (Fr.), inte'ret (interest). 
 
 intaglio/*, incised design, 
 pi. -S* (not ital.); — 
 printing, that done 
 
 from an incised plate, or 
 the reverse of ordinary 
 printing , pron. in-tal'yo. 
 
 integration (sign of), f. 
 
 intellectualize*, not -ise. 
 
 in tenebris* (Lat.), in a 
 state of doubt;/>n)H.te-ng-. 
 
 intens., intensive, intens- 
 ative. 
 
 inter/*, to bury; -red*, 
 -ring*. 
 
 inter, (typ.), abbr. for in- 
 terrogation mark. 
 
 interl* (Lat), between; 
 — alia*, among other 
 things ; — aiiOS *, among 
 other persons ; — canem 
 et lupum, between the 
 dog and the wolf. 
 
 interest, abbr. int. ; in Fr. 
 m. intSreL 
 
 interim * (Lat.), meanwhile 
 (ital.). 
 
 interim (in the)* (not 
 ital.). 
 
 interior, abbr. int. 
 
 interjection, abbr. int., or 
 interj. 
 
 interleaf*, an extra leaf, 
 usually blank, inserted 
 between the regular 
 leaves of a book (O.E.D.); 
 pi. interleaves*. 
 
 interiigner (Fr. typ.), to 
 insert leads. 
 
 interlinear matter (typ.), 
 small type between lines 
 of larger {see also quota- 
 tions). 
 
 intermarr/iage*, -y* 
 (one w^ord). 
 
 intermedi/um*, pi. -a* 
 (not ital.). 
 
 in terminis* (Lat), in 
 express terms. 
 
 intermit/ *, -ted *, -ting *. 
 
 Internat (Fr., Gen), board- 
 ing-school (Ger. cap.). 
 
 internationalize*, wo^ise. 
 
 inter nos * (Lat), between 
 ourselves. 
 
 interoceanic * (one word). 
 
 interpose*, not en-. 
 
 interpret*, not en-. 
 
 i8a 
 
INTERPRETER — I.O.Q.T. 
 
 interpreter*, abbr. int. 
 Interpunktion (Ger. typ. 
 
 f.), punctuation (cap.). 
 interregnum/*, pi. -s * 
 
 (not ital.). 
 interrog., interrogation, 
 
 -ative, -atively. 
 interrogation point (?), 
 
 abbr. inter, (see punc- 
 tuation, XVIII). 
 la terrorem* (Lat.), as a 
 
 warning, 
 interrupter*, not -or. 
 interj se* (Lat.), among, 
 
 or between, themselves ; 
 
 — vivos, during lifetime, 
 interspacing of letters 
 
 (typ.), shown in MS. by a 
 line between each, and in 
 margin :^. 
 
 in testimonium (Lat.), in 
 
 witness. 
 inthra/1, -U, use enthral*. 
 
 not-U. » 
 intitule*, etc., not en-, bui 
 
 entitle*, 
 into (typ.), not to be 
 
 divided. 
 intonaco*, plaster surface 
 
 forfrescopainting,«o/-ico. 
 in totol* (Lat.), entirely; 
 
 — — cxlo, as far as 
 possible. 
 
 intraj (Lat.), within; — 
 muros, privately. 
 
 intrans., intransitive. 
 
 in trans,, in transitu (on 
 the way). 
 
 intransigent* (adj.), irre- 
 concilable ; in Fr. in- 
 transigeantim. and adj.) 
 (no accent). 
 
 in transitu* (Lat.), on the 
 way ; abbr. in trans. 
 
 intrap, use en- *. 
 
 intra vires (Lat.), within 
 one's powers. 
 
 intreat, use en- *. 
 
 intrench, use en- *. 
 
 intrigantl*{Fr.),/em. -e*, 
 intriguer (ital.). 
 
 introduction, abbr. in- 
 trod. {see also prelim- 
 inary matter). 
 
 183 
 
 intrust, use en- *. 
 
 intuitu (Lat.), in respect of. 
 
 intussuscept*. 
 
 intwine,intwist,MStfen-*. 
 
 inuendo, use inn- *. 
 
 inure*, not en-. 
 
 inf usu (Lat.), in use ; -- 
 
 Utero, in the womb ; — 
 
 utroque jure, under 
 
 both laws(canon and civil) . 
 iny., invenit (designed it), 
 
 invented, -or, invoice. 
 in\ vacuo* (Lat.), in 
 
 empty space ; — vadio, 
 
 in pledge. 
 Invalides (H6tel des), 
 
 Paris. 
 inveigh*, not en-, 
 inveigle*, «o/en-. 
 invenit (Lat.), designed it ; 
 
 abbr. inv. 
 invented, abbr. inv. 
 inventor*, «o^-er;abbr. 
 
 inv. 
 in ventre (Lat.), in the 
 
 womb. 
 Inveraray, the Duke of 
 
 Argyll's residence (not 
 
 ^ -ry). 
 
 Inverness-shire (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 Invertebrata*, is plural. 
 
 inverted commas {see 
 quotation marks). 
 
 Inverurie, Aberdeen. 
 
 in vino Veritas (Lat.), a 
 drunken man speaks the 
 truth. 
 
 invoice, abbr. inv. 
 
 involucre*(bot.)(notital.). 
 
 in wall, use en- *. 
 
 inweave*, not en-. 
 
 inwind, inwrap, in- 
 wreathe, use en- *. 
 
 I.O., India OflBce. 
 
 io* (Gr., Lat.), exclamation 
 of triumph (ital.). 
 
 iodine*, symbol I*. 
 
 I.O.F., Independent Order 
 of Foresters ; I. of A., 
 Instructor of Artillery; 
 I. of M., Instructor of 
 Musketry; I.O.G.T., In- 
 dependent Order of Good 
 
I.O.M. — ISIi. 
 
 Templars ; I.O.M., Isle 
 
 of Man. 
 Ion., Ionic, 
 ionicize*, not -ise. 
 ionize* (phys.), to convert 
 
 into an ion, not -ise. 
 I.O.O.F., Independent 
 
 Order of Odd Fellows. 
 I.O.R., Independent Order 
 
 of Rechabites. 
 iota*, the Gr. » (0 (no dot). 
 IOU*,Ioweyou (no points). 
 low^a, offic. abbr. la. 
 I.P.D. (Sc. law), In prx- 
 
 sentia Domtnorunt (in the 
 
 presence of the Lords [of 
 
 Session]). 
 ipecacuanha* (bot.,raed.). 
 i.p.i., in partibus infideliunt 
 
 (in the regions of un- 
 believers). 
 ipomoea* (bot.), not -aea, 
 
 -ea. 
 ipse]* (Lat.), himself; — 
 
 dixit* f a dogmatic asser- 
 tion. 
 ipslsslma verba (Lat.), 
 
 the very words. 
 ipso] facto* (Lat.), by the 
 
 fact itself; — jure, by 
 
 the law itself. 
 y.g., idem quod (the same 
 
 as ) ; /. q, e. d. , id quod erat 
 
 demonstrandum (that 
 
 which was to be proved). 
 Iquique, Chile ; pron. e- 
 
 kee'kay. 
 I.R., Inland Revenue. 
 Ir*, iridium. 
 Ir., Irish. 
 trade* (Turk.), a written 
 
 decree signed by the 
 
 Sultan himself, not-t (not 
 
 cap.). 
 Iran/, local name for Persia; 
 
 -ian*, -ic*, abbr. Iran. 
 IrawadLi, river in Burma, 
 
 not Irrawaddy. 
 I.B..B., Irish Republican 
 
 Brotherhood. 
 Ireland, abbr. Ire. 
 Irena, Ireland personified. 
 irenicon, use ei- *. 
 iridescence*, etc. 
 
 iridium*, symbol Ir*. 
 
 iris/, pi. -es. 
 
 Irish, abbr. Ir. 
 
 Irishism*, not Iricism. 
 
 Irkutsk, E. Siberia, not 
 Irkoo-, Irkou-. 
 
 Irlams - o' - th* - Height, 
 town near Manchester. 
 
 iriandaise (a /*) (Fr.), in 
 Irish style (I.e. »). 
 
 ironclad* (one word). 
 
 iron-mould*, not -mold 
 (hyphen). 
 
 ironwork* (one word). 
 
 Irra"svaddy, ws^Irawadi. 
 
 irreconcilable *, not 
 
 -eable, -iable. 
 
 irrefragable*, «o/-ible. 
 
 irreg., irregular, -ly. 
 
 irrelevant*. 
 
 irresistibl/e*, -y*, not 
 -able, -y. 
 
 Irrtiimer vorbebaltea 
 (Ger.), errors excepted. 
 
 I.S., Irish Society. 
 
 Is., Isaiah. 
 
 Isaian*, of the prophet 
 Isaiah, not Isaiahian. 
 
 I.S.C, Indian Staff Corps. 
 
 -ise, in accordance with the 
 practice of the O.E.D., 
 the following words in 
 this book end in -ise : -ize 
 being generally used: — 
 advertise *, affranchise *, 
 apprise * (to inform), chas- 
 tise *, circumcise *, com- 
 prise*, compromise *, de- 
 mise*, despise*, devise*, 
 disfranchise *, disguise *, 
 emprise *, enfranchise *, 
 enterprise*, excise*, ex- 
 ercise *, franchise *, im- 
 provise*, incise*, manu- 
 mise*, merchandise*, 
 premise * (logic and 
 verb), prise* (to ' force 
 open), reprise*, seise* 
 (law), supervise*, sur- 
 mise*, surprise*. 
 
 Iseult, Tristram's lady- 
 love, not the many varia- 
 tions. 
 
 isl., island, -s, isle, -s. 
 
 X84 
 
ISLAM — IVAN 
 
 Islam*, the Moham. re- 
 ligion ; pron, iss'lam (not 
 ital.). 
 
 island/, -s, abbr. I., o^'isl. ; 
 (typ.) when with name 
 to have cap.,asCapeVerd 
 Islands, Isle of Man. In 
 Fr. f. lie. 
 
 Island (Ger. n.), Iceland; 
 Islander, an Icelander. 
 
 Islay, Argyl, not Isla; 
 pron. I 'la. 
 
 isle/, -s, abbr. I., or isl. 
 
 Isle of/ Man.abbr. I.O.M.; 
 Wight, abbr. I. W. 
 
 Isleworth, pron. i'zel-. 
 
 isn't*, is not; (typ.) to be 
 
 ' close up. 
 
 I.S.O. (Companion of the) 
 Imperial Service Order. 
 
 isobar* (meteor.), not -re 
 (not ital.). 
 
 isola (It.), island. 
 
 Iso/ld, -It, -Ite, -ulde, use 
 laeult. 
 
 isosoeles * (geom.). 
 
 Ispravnlk (Russ.), local 
 chief official, not ispraw-. 
 
 I spy. game, use hy-spy*. 
 
 ist (Ger.), is. 
 
 Istdmbul, name on coins 
 of Constantinople. 
 
 I.T., Indian Territory, N. 
 Amer. ; offic. abbr.Ind.T. 
 
 It., Italian, Italy. 
 
 ital., italic. 
 
 Italian* (typ.),same alpha- 
 bet as Eng., omitting 
 k, w, X, y. Punctuation 
 nearly as Fr. Letter/ a 
 vowel when at end of 
 word, as iempj ; the / 
 sounding like e-e quick- 
 ly pronounced together. 
 There are two accents, 
 grave * and acute ' : any 
 vowel may have either. 
 Plural of nouns is formed 
 by changing the final 
 o or ^ into i ; fem. nouns 
 ending in a change it to e. 
 The apostrophe is fre- 
 quently used for the vowel 
 at the end of a word when 
 
 the next word begins with 
 a vowel ; a space is put be- 
 tween the apostrophe and 
 the next word. Division 
 of words as in French ; 
 abbr. It. 
 
 italic* (typ.), a style of 
 type as this, in which the 
 letters slope upwards to the 
 right. Marked in MS. by 
 one line underneath. It 
 should be used only for : 
 (i) words and phrases 
 not naturalized (as marked 
 in this work by being 
 printed in clarendon 
 italic type)j (2) giving 
 emphasis, (3) hot. and 
 zool. species, and genera, 
 not the larger divisions, 
 (4) words or letters, men- 
 tioned by name, as the 
 adjective ^oorf, the letter a, 
 etc., (5) for distinguishing 
 Eng. and foreign words 
 spelt alike. There is no 
 ital. in Ger. or Gr,, letters 
 being interspaced in- 
 stead ; abbr. ital, {See 
 also quotation marks.) 
 
 italice (Lat.), in Italian. 
 
 italicize*, to print in 
 italic type, not -ise. 
 
 Italien (Ger. n.), Italy ; 
 ItallenerCm.), an Italian. 
 
 itallenne {h /') (Fr.), in 
 Italian style (I.e. i). 
 
 Italiot*, of the Gr. colony 
 in S. Italy, not -ote. 
 
 itallque (Fr. m.), italic type; 
 (f.) italic letter. . 
 
 Italy, abbr. It. ; in Ger. n. 
 Italien. 
 
 item*, a separate thing. 
 
 /telli*(Lat.), also, likewise. 
 
 it in., itinerary. 
 
 it is I, it is me, both per- 
 missible in speech, but lat- 
 ter should not be printed. 
 
 its*, pronoun (no apos.). 
 
 it's,it is ; (typ.)to be close up. 
 
 Ivan/ (Russ. name), not 
 I wan ; — Grozny, ' • the 
 terrible " Tsar, 1530-84. 
 
 185 
 
rVANOVITCH — I ZINGARI 
 
 Ivanovitch (Ivan), nick- Ivybridge, Devon (one 
 
 name for a Russian, as in word). 
 
 Eng. John Bull. I."W., Isle of Wight. 
 
 I*ve*, I have; (typ.) to be I.X., lesus Christus (Jesus 
 
 close up. Christ). 
 
 ivied*, clothed with ivy, I.Y., Imperial Yeomanry. 
 
 not ivyed. -ize, see -ise. 
 
 ivy*, pi. ivies*. I Zingari, cricket club. 
 
 1 86 
 
I NOTES 
 
 187 
 
I NOTES 
 
 l88 
 
J. — JAKOBUS 
 
 J., judge, judex (judge), 
 (after judge's name) Jus- 
 tice, (elec.) joule, all 
 proper names with this 
 initial ; it is not used in 
 the numeration of series ; 
 (Ger.) Jahr (year) ; pron. 
 in Eng. dzh, Fr. zh, Ger. 
 y, Sp. h. 
 J, (math.) a Jacobian de- 
 terminant, (phys.) Joule's 
 ' mechanical equivalent of 
 
 heat. 
 j (med. prescriptions), one. 
 /. (Fr.),yaMr«a/ (newspaper). 
 Ja (Ger.), yes ; pron. yah. 
 J.A., Judge-Advocate. 
 Jabalpur, use Jubbul- 
 
 pore. 
 Jablochkojff candle. 
 jabot* (Fr. dress, m.), a 
 
 shirt frill. 
 Jac, Jacobus (James). 
 jacana*, an aquatic bird, 
 
 no/ jaf-, jass-. 
 jacconet, use j&co-*. 
 Jacbt (Ger. f. ), yacht (cap. ). 
 jackanapes * (one word), 
 jackass*, a male ass. 
 Jacke{Ger. f.),jacket(cap.). 
 Jack-in-the-box* (hy- 
 phens). 
 Jack Ketch*, the hang- 
 man, not — Ca-, — Ki-. 
 Jackson ( T. J., or 
 " Stonewall"), 1824-63. 
 Jaeob/ean*, of James I, 
 
 noi -aean {see also -ian). 
 Jacobi (C. T.), 1853-, 
 writer on printing ; — 
 (K.G. J.), 1804-51, Ger. 
 math., pron. ja'kO-bS, in 
 Ger. yah-ko'bg. 
 Jacob/ian* (math.) {see 
 
 also -ean). 
 Jacobin*, not -ine. 
 Jacobus, Lat. for James ; 
 abbr. Jac. 
 
 jaconet*, «o/ jacc-. 
 
 Jacq. (hot.), J. F. Jacquin, 
 1 766-1839 ; or N. J. Jac- 
 quin, 1727-1817. 
 
 Jacquard loom * (cap.). 
 
 Jacquemart (Jules), 
 1837-80, Fr. etcher. 
 
 Jacques Bonhomme, 
 good fellow James, pop- 
 ular name for Fr. peasant. 
 
 facta est alea (Lat.), the 
 die is cast. 
 
 jactation*, boasting. 
 
 jactitation* (path.), rest- 
 less tossing of the body. 
 
 Jaeger clothing. 
 
 J.A.G., Judge- Advocate- 
 General. 
 
 Jagerl* (Ger. m.), hunts- 
 man, rifleman ; /ent. -in, 
 not Y- (cap.). 
 
 jag/gemaut, -anath, use 
 juggernaut*. 
 
 jagbire*, Ind. land tenure, 
 not -gheer, -geer, -gir. 
 
 Jahn (F. L.), 1778-1852, 
 "Turnvater" (father of 
 gymnastics). 
 
 Jabrj (Ger. n.), year, pi. -e, 
 abbr. J. («o/ Ja-); -bucbj 
 n. year-book; -esbericht, 
 m. annual report (caps.). 
 
 jabrlich (Ger. adj.), annual. 
 
 Jahveh*, used by Bib. 
 critics for Jehovah*. 
 
 Jahvism*, religion of 
 Jahveh, not -vehism, 
 -veism, Yahwizm. 
 
 jail/*, -er*, preferred to 
 gaol/, -er. 
 
 Jaipur, Ind., not Jey- 
 pore. 
 
 Jakob, Ger. for Jacob, 
 James; pron. yah-. 
 
 Jakobstad, Finland. 
 
 Jakobstadt, Courland. 
 
 Jakobus {der Heillge) 
 (Ger.), St James. 
 189 
 
JAKUTSK — JAUNE 
 
 Jakutsk, use Y-. 
 Jalal/abad, -pur, Ind. 
 Jalandhar, India, not 
 
 Jullundur. 
 jalloped (her.), wattled, 
 
 «s^ jol-*. 
 jalousie*, external win- 
 dow shutter. 
 jam/*, to pack tightly, not 
 
 jamb; -med*, -ming* 
 
 {see a/50 jamb). 
 Jam., Jamaica. 
 jama*, Ind. gown, not -ah, 
 
 jarama, -h. 
 jamadar, use Je- *. 
 Jamaica*, abbr. Jam. 
 jam.b*, a side post, as of 
 
 a door {see also jam). 
 jambonj (Fr. cook, m.), a 
 
 ham ; -neatly small ham. 
 James, abbr. J., or Jas. 
 Jamesone (George), 
 
 1588-1644, Sc. painter. 
 Jajneson raid, S. Africa, 
 
 1895-6. 
 Jameson's whisky, not 
 
 Jamie-. 
 James's Day* (St.), 25 
 
 July (caps., apos.). 
 Jamidarf use jema-*. 
 Jamieson (tfohn), 1759- 
 
 1838, Sc. lexicographer 
 
 {see also Jam.es-). 
 jam satis (Lat.), enough 
 
 by this time. 
 Jan.*, January. 
 jane, a fabric, m5? jean*, 
 janizary*, Turk, soldier, 
 
 not -issary. 
 Jan Mayen, Arctic island. 
 Janotha (Nathalie), 
 
 1856-, pianist. 
 Janowski (D.), 1868-, 
 
 chess player. 
 Jansen (Cornelius), 
 
 1585-1638, founder of 
 
 the Jansenists. 
 Janssen (Cornelius), 
 
 1590 -1665, painter; — 
 
 (P.J.C.),i824-, Fr.astr. 
 Janssens (Abraham), 
 
 1569-1631, Du. painter. 
 j anty, use j aunty *. 
 January*, abbr. Jan.* 
 
 Janvier (Fr. m.), January; 
 abbr. janv. (not cap.). 
 
 Jap*, a Japanese ',pl. -s (no 
 point). 
 
 Japan*, abbr. Jap. ; native 
 name Nippon. 
 
 japan/*, -ned*, -ner*, 
 -ning* (not cap.\ 
 
 Japanese/ *, abbr. Jap. ; — 
 alphabet, has many 
 diflFerent characters, but 
 no explanation is here 
 possible ; — paper, 
 hand-made in Japan with 
 vellum surface. Used for 
 proofs of etchings and 
 engravings. 
 
 japanize*, to make Japan- 
 ese, not -onize, -ise. 
 
 Japheth, son of Noah. 
 
 Jaques, in "As You Like 
 It" ; pron. ja'qufiz. 
 
 jar/*, -red*, -ring*. 
 
 Jardin des Plantes, 
 Paris, bot. and zool. 
 gardens. 
 
 jardinihre* (Fr. f.), orna- 
 mental flower-pot. 
 
 jargon*, a mineral, not 
 -oon. 
 
 jargonelle*, a pear, not 
 -el (not ital.). 
 
 jargonize*, etc., to talk 
 jargon, not -ise. 
 
 jarl*, old Dan. chieftain, 
 not y- ; pron. yarl. 
 
 Jaroslav, Russ., use Y-. 
 
 jarrah*, mahogany gum- 
 tree. 
 
 jarvey/*, car-driver, not 
 -vie, -vy ; pi. -s. 
 
 Jarvie (Bailie Nicol), in 
 -'Rob Roy." 
 
 Jas., James. 
 
 jasey*, a wig, not -sy, -zey, 
 
 -zy- 
 
 Jashar (Book of), in 
 
 Revised Version, not -er. 
 Jasmin (Jacques), 1798- 
 
 1864, Gascon poet, 
 jasmine* (bot.), not -in, 
 
 jessamine, -in. 
 jaune* (Fr. m., and adj.), 
 
 yellow. 
 
 190 
 
JAUNPUR — JESS 
 
 Jaunpur, N.W. India. 
 jaunty*, not }an-. 
 Jav., Javanese, 
 javelle ■water, a bleacher, 
 jaw-bone* (hyphen). 
 fa wohl (Ger.), quite so. 
 J.C., Julius Caesar, Juris- 
 
 consultus (jurisconsult), 
 
 Justice-Clerk. 
 J.-C. (Fr.), Jesus-Christ 
 
 (Jesus Christ) (hyphen). 
 J.C.D., Juris Civilis Doctor 
 
 (Doctor of Civil Law). 
 J.D., Junior Deacon, — 
 
 Dean, Jurutn Doctor 
 
 (Doctor of Laws). 
 je (Fr.), I, not cap. except 
 ' at beginning of sentence, 
 
 or after full stop. 
 JeafFreson (J. Ckjrdy), 
 
 1831-1901, writer. 
 jean*, a twilled cotton, 
 
 not jane ; pron. jane. 
 Jeanne/ d'Arc (Fr.), Joan 
 
 of Arc ; properly ' — 
 
 Dare. 
 Jean Potage, nickname 
 
 for a Frenchman. 
 Jeddah, Red Sea, use 
 
 Ji-. 
 Jeden falls (Ger.), in any 
 
 case. 
 Jeejeebhoy (Sir Jamset- 
 
 jee), 1 783-1859, Indian 
 
 philanthropist. 
 Jefferies (Richard), 
 
 1848-87, naturalist. 
 Jeffrey(Lord),i773-i85o, 
 
 critic. 
 Jeffreys (George, 
 
 Baron), 1648-89, the 
 
 infamous judge ; — (Miss 
 
 Ellis), actress. 
 Jeffries (Maud), actress. 
 Jehlam, Punjab, not 
 
 Jhelum. 
 je-ho, call to horses, use 
 
 gee-ho*. 
 Jehovah*, Bib. critics use 
 
 Jahveh*. 
 jehup, call to horses, use 
 
 gee-up *. 
 jejune*, uninteresting (not 
 
 ital.). 
 
 "Jekyll (Dr.) and Mr. 
 
 Hyde (Strange Case 
 
 of),** by R. L. Stevenson. 
 Jelalabad, Afghanistan, 
 
 not Jella-. 
 jelick* (Turk.), woman's 
 
 bodice, mo/ jell-. 
 Jellalabad, use Jela-. 
 jellify*, to convert into 
 
 jelly, not -yfy. 
 jelly-jash* (hyphen). 
 Jemadar* (Hind.), native 
 
 sepoy officer, not jama-, 
 
 jami- (not cap.). 
 Jemappes (battle of), 
 
 1792 ; in Fr. Jemmapes. 
 Jena, Prussia ; pron. ya'na. 
 Je/ie/lser(Ger.), inhabitant 
 
 of Jena (cap.). 
 jener (Ger. m.), that, that 
 
 one. 
 je ne saisj quoi* (Fr.), an 
 
 indescribable something ; 
 
 — — — trop, I don't 
 
 exactly know. 
 Jenissei, use Yenisei. 
 Jenkin (Fleeming), 
 
 1833-85, physicist, 
 jennet*, a Sp. horse, not 
 
 genit, gennet, -tt {see also 
 
 genet). 
 Jenseits (das) (Ger.), the 
 
 other world (cap.). 
 jeopardize*, «o/-ise. 
 Jephthah, judge of Israel, 
 jequirity*, a shrub, not 
 
 -erity. 
 Jer., Jeremiah. 
 jeremiad*, a lamentation, 
 
 not -de. 
 Jerez, Spain, use Xeres. 
 jerfalcon, ms^ ger-*. 
 Jeroboam*, wine-bottle 
 
 containing 10-12 quarts. 
 J§r6me Bonaparte, 1784 
 
 -i860, bro. of Napoleon 1. 
 jerry-builder* (hyphen). 
 jerrymander, use g-*. 
 Jervaulx Abbey, Yorks, 
 
 pron. jar'vis. 
 Jervis, pron. jar'vis. 
 Jes., Jesus. 
 
 Jesaias, Ger. for Isaiah, 
 j ess/ *, hawk strap ; pi. -es *. 
 
 191 
 
JESSAMIN — JOHN 
 
 jessamin/, -e, use jas- 
 mine*. 
 
 Jessopp (Rev. Augustus, 
 D.D.), 1824-, writer. 
 
 Jessor, Bengal. 
 
 Jesuits (Order of), So- 
 ctetas Jesu (Society of 
 Jesus) ; abbr. S.J. 
 
 Jesus*, abbr. J., or Jes. 
 
 jet-black* (hyphen). 
 
 jet d*eau* (Fr. m.), jet of 
 water ; pi. jets — *. 
 
 jetS (Fr. m.), a dance step. 
 
 jet6e (Fr. f.), a jetty. 
 
 jetsam* (naut.), goods 
 thrown overboard, not 
 -som, -some, -son {see 
 a/50 jettison). 
 
 jettison* (naut.), the act 
 of throwing goods over- 
 board {see a/so jetsam). 
 
 jetzt (Ger.), now. 
 
 jeul* (Fr.m.),game,/./.-x*; 
 
 — de mains, a practical 
 joke ; — demots*, a pun ; 
 
 — d* esprit*, a witty 
 trifle ; — de SC^ne, or 
 
 — de tb^atre, claptrap. 
 jeune premier (Fr.), stage 
 
 lover. 
 jeunesse dorSe (Fr. f.), 
 
 gilded youth, 
 jewel/*, -led *, -ler *, 
 
 -lery* (two Ts). 
 jews* harp*, «o^je w's — ; 
 
 pi. je-ws* harps. 
 Jeypore,India,«5^ Jaipur. 
 /Aee/*(Ind.),apool, «o/jhil. 
 Jhelum, Punjab, use Jeh- 
 
 1am. 
 Jhind, Punjab, use Jind. 
 JHS, use IHS *. 
 jib*, of a horse, also a sail, not 
 
 jibb {see also gibe, gybe), 
 jibber, to chatter, useg-*, 
 jibe, see gibe, gybe, jib. 
 jiblet, use g'*. 
 Jiddah, Red Sea, not Je-. 
 jifiy *, a short time, not -ey. 
 jig-a-jog*, reiteration of 
 
 jerky movements, not 
 
 jickajog, jigjog. 
 jigger, W. Ind. insect, use 
 
 chigoe*. 
 
 jigjog, Ms« jig-a-jog*. 
 
 jigot, see gigot. 
 
 Jill (Jack and), ws^Gill*. 
 
 jilliflo"wer, «5^ gilly-*. 
 
 jimcrack, useg-*. 
 
 Jind, Punjab, wo/Jh-. 
 
 Jingo/*, a blatant patriot; 
 pi. -es. 
 
 jinn*, spirit of Mo ham. 
 myth., «o^ djinn, ginn. 
 
 jinricksha* (Jap.), a ve- 
 hicle, not jenny-, jinny-, 
 jinrickshaw, -rickisha, 
 -ksha. 
 
 jiu-jitsu, Jap. phys. culture. 
 
 JJ., justices. 
 
 Jno., should not be used 
 for John. 
 
 Joao, Port, for John. 
 
 Joannes, «s« johan-*. 
 
 job (typ.), any work which 
 makes less than one sheet. 
 
 jobbing work (typ.), all 
 except book and news- 
 paper work. 
 
 jobmaster* (one word). 
 
 "Jock o* Hazeldean," 
 by Sir W. Scott. 
 
 jodel, usey-*. 
 
 Jodhpur, Rajpootana. 
 
 jog-trot*, without haste, 
 Mo/job-, jock-, jogg-. 
 
 Johann, Ger. for John; 
 abbr. Joh. 
 
 Johannean, of the Apostle 
 John, use Johannine*. 
 
 Johannes*, Port, coin, not 
 joa- ; abbr. joe. 
 
 Johannesburg, S. Africa. 
 
 Johannisberg, Prussia. 
 
 Johannisberger*, Rhine 
 wine, «o/-berg (not ital.). 
 
 Joliannisfest (Ger.), St. 
 John's (Midsummer) Day. 
 
 John*, abbr. J.: Jno. 
 should not be used. 
 
 John Dory*, a fish, not 
 — -ey. 
 
 Johnny Crapaud, nick- 
 name for a Frenchman. 
 
 John o* Groat's House, 
 Caithness. 
 
 John-o*-th*-Tops, a town 
 in Lanes (hyphens). 
 
 19a 
 
JOHNS — JUEZ 
 
 Johns HopkinsUniver- 
 
 sity, U.S.A., «o^ John — 
 
 — (no apos.). 
 Johnson (Samuel), 1709- 
 
 84, wrote Dictionary, 
 
 first edition 1755 {see also 
 
 Jonson). 
 Johnsonese*, a stilted 
 
 style, not Jon-. 
 Johnstone, ^row.john'son. 
 John the Baptist (caps.). 
 joint, in Fr. cook. m. rdt, 
 
 pi. -s. 
 joint stock*, joint capital, 
 
 etc, but hyphen usual 
 
 when used as adjective. 
 JTokai (Maurus), 1825- 
 
 1894, Hun. writer. 
 jolloped* (her.), wattled, 
 
 not ja-. 
 Jon., Jonathan. 
 Jonkoping, town in Sw. 
 jonquil*, a narcissus (not 
 
 ital.); in Fr. f. jonquilte. 
 Jonson (Benjamin — 
 
 "Ben"), 1573-1637, 
 
 dramatist (see also John- 
 son). 
 Jonsonese, ms^ John-*. 
 Jordaens (Jakob), 1593- 
 
 1678, Du. painter. 
 Jorge, Sp. for George. 
 ** Jorrocks's Jaunts,*' by 
 
 R. S. Surtees. 
 jorum*, a large drinking 
 
 vefesel or its contents, not 
 
 -am. 
 Jos., Joseph. 
 Josephine, first wife of 
 
 Napoleon. 
 Josh., Joshua, 
 jostl/e*, to push ; -er*, 
 
 -ing*, not]\x-. 
 jot/*, -ted, -ting*, 
 joule* (physics), unit of 
 
 work ; abbr. J. 
 jour., journal, journey, 
 
 -man. 
 iourj (Fr. m.), day, abbr ./r.; 
 
 — de feiCy a festival ;— </e 
 Van, New Year's Day; 
 
 — des morts, All Saints' 
 Day, I Nov. ; — malgre, 
 a fast day; k — , open 
 
 work ; au four, by day- 
 light. 
 
 journal, abbr. jour. 
 
 journlal (Fr. m.), pi. -aux, 
 newspaper, abbr. /. ; Jour- 
 nal intlme, a private 
 diary. 
 
 journalize*, to keep a 
 journal, not -ise. 
 
 «« Journal Officiel," the 
 Fr, ** Gazette" (caps.). 
 
 journey/,-man,abbr.jour. 
 
 joust, often used for jVLSt*. 
 
 Jowari*, Indian millet, not 
 the many variations. 
 
 jowl*, «o^jole. 
 
 J.P.*, Justice of the Peace, 
 (law) corruption for "in 
 person." 
 
 J.K., Jacobus Rex (King 
 James). 
 
 jr., junior, ws^jun. 
 
 /r. (Fr.),yoMr(day). 
 
 Juan, Sp. for John. 
 
 Jubbulpore, «o/ Jabalpur. 
 
 Jucbten (Ger. m. or n.), 
 russia leather (cap.). 
 
 juck*, a partridge call, not 
 juke. 
 
 J.tJ.D., Juris utn'usque 
 Doctor (Doctor of both 
 civil and canon law). 
 
 Jud., Judith. 
 
 jud., judicial. 
 
 judaize*, to make Jewish. 
 
 Judean, of Judea, not -aean. 
 
 Judendeutsch (Ger. n.), 
 Yiddish ; Judenbetze, 
 Jew-baiting. 
 
 /w</ejf(Lat.), judge ; abbr. J. 
 
 Judge/, abbr. J. ; ^ -Ad- 
 vocate/, abbr. J.A. ; — 
 — - General, abbr. 
 J.A.G. (caps., hyphens). 
 
 Judges (Old Test.), not 
 
 to be abbreviated. 
 judgment, not judge-:. 
 
 Judgment Day (caps.). 
 judicial/, abbr. jud. ; 
 -ize*, to treat judicially. 
 
 judicium Dei (Lat.), 
 judgment of God. . 
 
 Judith, abbr. J., or Jud. 
 
 Jue\x (Sp.), judge;//, -ces. 
 
 ^93 
 
 13 
 
JUG — JUSTICIAR 
 
 jug/*, -ged*, -ging*. 
 
 Jugef de paix (^Fr. m.), 
 justice of the peace ; — 
 d* instruction y examin- 
 ing magistrate. 
 
 juggernaut*, not jagg-, 
 jagannath, jagnath (not 
 ital.). 
 
 jugular* vein. 
 
 juillet (Fr. m.), July (not 
 cap.). 
 
 juin (Fr. m.), June (not 
 cap.). 
 
 juke, M5.?juck*. 
 
 julep*, a drink, not -ap, -eb. 
 
 Julian/, "the Apostate," 
 331-63 ; — Alps, E. 
 Switz. 
 
 Julien(S. A.), 1799-1873, 
 Fr. Chinese scholar. 
 
 Julien (Saint-), a claret 
 (hyphen). 
 
 julienne* (Fr. f.), a thin 
 soup, also a pear. 
 
 Jullien (Louis Antoine), 
 1812-60, mus. conductor. 
 
 Jullundur, use Jalan- 
 dhar. 
 
 July, not to be abbrevi- 
 ated. 
 
 jumbal*, a sweet cake, not 
 -ble (not ital.). 
 
 Jumelle* (Fr. f. pi.), 
 opera- glass. 
 
 Jun., Junius. 
 
 jun.*, junior. 
 
 junctim, compromise be- 
 tween Austrian political 
 parties. 
 
 junction, abbr. junc. 
 
 June, not to be abbreviated. 
 
 Jange (Ger. m.), boy, ap- 
 prentice ; JUnger, dis- 
 ciple ; Jangling f young 
 man (cap.). 
 
 junior, abbr. jun.*, not 
 jnr., jr., junr. ; J. Smith, 
 jun., Esq., not Esq., jun. 
 
 Junlcer* (Ger. m.), a young 
 squire or noble (cap.). 
 
 junket/*, -ed, -ing*. 
 
 junta* (It., Sp.), an 
 assembly (not ital.). 
 
 Junto, the Whig chiefs in 
 
 reigns of William and 
 
 Anne, 
 junto*, a club or assembly 
 
 (not ital.\ 
 jupe* (Fr. dress, f.), jupon* 
 
 (m.), a skirt or petticoat. 
 Jurassic* (cap., not ital.). 
 jurel divino* (Lat.), by 
 
 divine right ; — liumano, 
 
 by^uman law. 
 Juris utriusque Doctor 
 
 (Lat.), Doctor of both 
 
 civil and canon law ; abbr. 
 
 J.U.D. 
 jurisp., jurisprudence. 
 Jus (Fr. cook, m.), gravy. 
 jusj canonicum (Lat.), 
 
 canon law ; — civile, 
 
 civil — ; — divinum, 
 
 divine — ; — gentium, 
 
 law of nations ; — gladii, 
 
 the right of the sword. 
 Jusjurandum, an oath. 
 Jusj mariti (Lat.), right of 
 
 husband to wife's pro- 
 perty ; — natures t law 
 
 of nature. 
 jusqu'k (Fr.), to, until. 
 Jusque ik (Fr.), so far. 
 Jus relictse (Lat.), right of 
 
 the widow. 
 Jussieu (Adrien de), 
 
 1797-1853, bot., abbr. 
 
 Juss. ; — (Ant Dine 
 
 Laurent de), 1748- 
 
 1836, bot. 
 Just., Justinian, 
 just/*, a knightly combat ; 
 
 -er*, -ing* ; but joust 
 
 often used. 
 Juste milieu (Fr. m.), the 
 
 golden mean. 
 Justice, a judge ; abbr. 
 
 J., pi. JJ. 
 Justice- Clerk* (Lord), 
 
 second highest Sc. judge 
 
 (caps.); abbr. J.C. 
 Justice - General * 
 
 (Lord), highest Sc. judge 
 
 (caps.). 
 Justice of the Peace, 
 
 abbr. J.P.* 
 justiciar/*, -y*, a judge, 
 
 not -er, -itiar (not ital.). 
 
 194 
 
JUSTICIARY — J*Y 
 
 Justiciary (High Court 
 
 of)*, supreme Sc. criminal 
 court, 
 
 Justiening (Ger. typ.), 
 justification. 
 
 justification* (typ.)> the 
 even and equal spacing 
 of words and lines to 
 a given measure. 
 
 justify* (typ.), to space 
 out properly a line of 
 type in the compos- 
 ing stick ; so to adjust 
 types of smaller and 
 
 larger bodies that they 
 
 exactly range. 
 Justinian, abbr. Just, 
 just/itiar, use -iciar*. 
 Justlz (Ger. f.), justice, 
 justle, use joa-*. 
 Jusioj tempore (Lat.), at 
 
 the right time ; — titulo, 
 
 lawfully, 
 jut/*, -ted, -ting*, 
 juvenesoen/ce*, -t. 
 i*y suis etjy reste (Fr.), 
 
 here I am and here I 
 
 stay. 
 
 J95 
 
 13* 
 
J NOTES 
 
 m^ ^ 
 
J NOTES 
 
 197 
 
K. — KARLOWITZ 
 
 K., king, -s, the tenth in 
 a series, all proper names 
 with this initial, (assay- 
 ing) carat. 
 
 K (astr.), the solar constant, 
 (chem.) kalium (potas- 
 sium), (chess) king, (elec.) 
 capacity. 
 
 k. (meteor.), cumulus. 
 
 k* (astr.), Gauss's constant 
 (ital.). 
 
 K.A. (Russ.), Knight of 
 St. Andrew. 
 
 Kaaba, the most sacred 
 shrine at Mecca, use C-. 
 
 kaan, ws^khan*. 
 
 kaava, use kava*. 
 
 kabbala, usee-*. 
 
 Kabul, Afghan., not C-. 
 
 kadi. Oriental judge, use 
 cadi*. 
 
 Kafir*, not KaflF-, Caffre. 
 
 kaftan, use c- *. 
 
 kaiak,kaik, ms^ caique*. 
 
 kail, 5^^ kale*. 
 
 kaiman, use cay-*. 
 
 kainozoic, use c- *. 
 
 Kaiser* (Ger. m.), em- 
 peror ;/>roM. ky'zr(cap.,not 
 ital.) {see also Qaisar). 
 
 kakemono* (Jap.), a 
 wall-picture. 
 
 kale/*, the cabbage genus; 
 yard *, a cabbage gar- 
 den, kail-yaird only in 
 strict Scotch. 
 
 kaleidoscop/e*, -ic*. 
 
 kalend/8B, -ar, -s, use c-*. 
 
 "Kalevala", national epic 
 of Finland, not -wala. 
 
 kali/f, -ph, use caliph*. 
 
 kalium (Lat.), potassium ; 
 symbol K. 
 
 kalmia* (bot.), not c-. 
 
 Kalmucks, Mo/-muks, C-. 
 
 kamarband, use cum- 
 merbund*. 
 
 Kamboja, use Cam- 
 bodia. 
 Kamchadale, inhab. of 
 
 Kamchatka. 
 Kamchatka, E. Siberia, 
 
 not Kams-, -mtchatka, 
 
 -mtschatka. 
 Kamerun, German Africa, 
 
 not Cameroons. 
 Kamschatka, use 
 
 Kamch-. 
 kamsin, use kh- *. 
 K.A.N. (Russ.), Knight of 
 
 St. Alexander Nevskoi. 
 Kan., Kansas (off. abbr.). 
 Kanaka*, a Hawaiian, not 
 
 -acka, -aker, -ak, Canaker. 
 Kanara, Bombay, not C-. 
 kanaster, a tobacco, use 
 
 C-*. 
 Kandahar, not C-. 
 Kanon (Ger. typ. m.), a 36- 
 
 point type ; Qross — , a 
 
 40-point type. 
 Kans/as, off. abbr. Kan. ; 
 
 adj. -an. 
 Kant (Immanuel), 1724- 
 
 1804, Ger. philosopher. 
 Kapitaiclien (Ger. typ. n.), 
 
 small capitals (cap.). 
 Kapitel (Ger. u.), chap- 
 ter (cap.). 
 kapp*, a magnetic unit. 
 Kapurthala, Punjab. 
 K.A.H., King's African 
 
 Rifles. 
 Karachi, use Kurraehee. 
 Karakoram Mts., Tibet, 
 
 not -um. 
 karat, use c-*. 
 karij (Fr. cook.), curry (not 
 
 cap.) ; — a Findienne, 
 
 Indian curry (not cap. /) 
 
 (see also karri, kauri), 
 karkee, use khaki *. 
 Karlovingian, use C-*. 
 Karlowitz,Ms^ Carlovitz. 
 
 198 
 
KARLSBAD — KEEP 
 
 Karls/bad,-krona,-ruhe, 
 etc., not C-. 
 
 karma* (Budd.), destiny, 
 not -an. 
 
 Karnatic, not C-. 
 
 Karpathian Mts., not C-. 
 
 karri*. Austral, blue gum- 
 tree, not kari (see also 
 karl, kauri). 
 
 karsimer, use cassi- 
 mere*. 
 
 Kartoum, use Kh-. 
 
 Kashmer, India, not C-. 
 
 Kassel, Germany, not C-. 
 
 katalytic, t4se o-*. ^ 
 
 Kathay, use C-. 
 
 Kathiawar, Bombay, not 
 Kattywar. 
 
 kathode, use c- *. 
 
 katioD, use 0-*. 
 
 ka-tou, «5^ kotow*. 
 
 katsup, see ketchup. 
 
 Kauffmann (Angelica), 
 1741-1807, painter. 
 
 Kaufmann (C. von), 
 1818-82, Russ. General. 
 
 kauri*, N. Zealand con- 
 iferous tree, etc., not 
 cowdi, -ri, -ry, kourie, 
 kowrie (not ital.) {see also 
 cowrie, karl, karri). 
 
 kava*, Polynesian in- 
 toxicant, not ava, cava, 
 kaava, kawa. 
 
 kavass*, Turkish police 
 officer, not cavash, -ass, 
 kawass, kouas, kervas. 
 
 kayak/*, Eskimo canoe, 
 not -iak, -jak, -yack, kiak, 
 kyack ; -er*, -ing*. 
 
 Kazan, E. Russia, KO^Kas-. 
 
 K.B., King's Bench, 
 Knight Bachelor; K.B.A. 
 (Port.), Knight of St. 
 Benedict of Avis; K.B.E. 
 (Russ.), ditto Black Eagle. 
 
 K.C., King's College, — 
 Counsel, (Turk.) Knight 
 of the Crescent ; K.C.B.*, 
 Knight Commander of 
 the Bath ; K.C.C. 
 (Belgium and Congo Free 
 State), ditto (Order of the) 
 Crown ; K.C.H., ditto 
 
 Hanoverian Guelphic 
 Order; K.C.I.E., ditto 
 Indian Empire ; K.C.Xj., 
 King's College, London ; 
 K.C.M.G., Knight Com- 
 mander of (the Order of) 
 St. Michael and St. 
 George ; K.C.S., Knight 
 of Charles III of Spain ; 
 K.C.S.I., Knight Com- 
 mander of the Star of 
 India; K.C.V.O., ditto 
 Royal Victorian Order. 
 
 K.D.G., King's Dragoon 
 Guards. 
 
 K.E. (Den.), Knight of 
 the Elephant. 
 
 Kead mile f ailte romhat, 
 use C- . 
 
 Kean (Charles John), 
 1811-68 ; —(Edmund), 
 1 787- 1833, actors (see also 
 Keene). 
 
 Keane (Lord. John), 
 1781-1844, General. 
 
 " Kearsarge," Amer. ship; 
 pron. keer'sarj {g soft). 
 
 Keb. Coll., Keble College, 
 Oxford. 
 
 keblahy useki-*, 
 
 kedgeree* (cook.), a dish 
 of rice, fish, etc., «o/ the 
 many variations (not ital.). 
 
 Kedleston, Derby; pron. 
 kel'sn. 
 
 Kedron, Jerusalem, use 
 Ki-. 
 
 keelhaul*, not -hawl (one 
 word). 
 
 keelson, «5^ kelson*. 
 
 Keene (Prof. Charles 
 Haines), 1847 -, writer ; 
 — (Charles Samuel), 
 1823-91, black and white 
 artist ; — (Henry 
 George), 1781-1864, 
 writer (see also Kean). 
 
 keep/ down (typ.), to use 
 caps, sparingly ; — in, to 
 set type closely, so as to 
 take little space ; — out, 
 reverse ditto. 
 
 keepsake* (one word). 
 
 keep standing (typ.), the 
 
 [99 
 
KEEP — K.F.M. 
 
 type not to be distributed 
 
 pending possible reprint- 
 ing ; keep up, to keep 
 
 standing, also to use caps. 
 
 freely. 
 keerie, use kerrie *. 
 keffiyeb*, Bedouin Arab 
 
 head-dress, noi the many 
 
 variations. 
 Keighley, Yorks ; pron. 
 
 keeth'le. 
 Keightley (Thomas), 
 
 1 789-1872, writer. 
 Keim (Theodor), 1825- 
 
 78, Ger. theologian. 
 Kekul^ (P. A.), 1829-96, 
 
 chemist. 
 kell/eck, -ick (naut.), use 
 
 kiUick*. 
 Kellnerj (Ger.), /em. -in, 
 
 waiter (cap.). 
 Kelljr*s Directories. 
 Kelmscott Press, 1890-8, 
 
 founded by W. Morris. 
 kelpie*, a water-spirit, 
 
 not -y. 
 Kelsale, Suffolk. 
 Kelsall, Cheshire, 
 kelson* (naut.), inboard 
 
 keel, noi keel-. 
 Kelt/, -ic, -icism, use 
 
 C-*. 
 kelter*, good condition; in 
 
 Amer. kilter*. 
 Kempis (Thomas k), 
 
 1379-147 1> writer. 
 Kenia (Mount), E. Afr., 
 
 not -ya. 
 Kenmare, Kerry. 
 Kenmore, Perth. 
 Kennard (Sir C. A. P.), 
 
 1885- (see also Kin- 
 
 naird, Kynnaird). 
 Kennaway (Sir John). 
 kennel/*, -led*, -ling*, not 
 
 -eled, -eling. 
 Kenney (James), 1780- 
 
 1849, I^' dramatist. 
 Kenno"way, Fife. 
 Kent's Bank, Lanes 
 
 (apos.). 
 Kentucky, ofiBc. abbr.Ky. 
 Kenwig^ (Morleena), in 
 
 " Nicholas Nickleby." 
 
 kephalic/, -al, use c-*. 
 
 kepi* (Fr. m.), military 
 cap. 
 
 Kepler (Johann), 157 1- 
 1630, astr., not Kepp-. 
 
 keramic, etc., use c-*. 
 
 kerb/, -stone, not ki-, more 
 tisual than curb/ *. 
 
 Kerguelen Island. 
 
 kermis* (Arab.), a fair or 
 entertainment, not -ess, 
 kirmess (see also ku- 
 miss). 
 
 kern* (typ.), the part of 
 a qietal type projecting 
 beyond the body, as the 
 curled tail of /; also to 
 furnish with a kern 
 (O.E.D.). 
 
 kerned* (typ.), said of a 
 type which has any part 
 of the face projecting 
 beyond the body. 
 
 kemell/ed*, -y *, not -eled, 
 -ely. 
 
 kerrie* (S. Afr.), a knobbed 
 stick, not -y, keerie. 
 
 kerseymere, use cassi-*. 
 
 Kertch, Odessa. 
 
 ketch* (naut.), a two- 
 masted vessel. 
 
 Ketch (Jack)*, the hang- 
 man, not Ca-, Ki-. 
 
 ketchup *, more usual than 
 catchup*. 
 
 kettledrum* (one word). 
 
 Keuper* (geol.), pron. 
 koi'pr (cap., not ital.). 
 
 key, a wharf, use 
 quay*. 
 
 keyboard* (mus.,etc.)(one 
 word). 
 
 key-bugle* (hyphen). 
 
 keyhole* (one word). 
 
 key-note* (hyphen). 
 
 Keys (House of), Isle of 
 Man (caps.) ; abbr. H.K. 
 
 keystone* (one word). 
 
 Key West, Florida (two 
 words). 
 
 K.P. (Sp.), Knight of Fer- 
 dinand ; K.P.M. (Sicily), 
 ditto St. Ferdinand and 
 Merit. 
 
K.G. — KILOMETRE 
 
 K.G.*, Knight of the (Order 
 
 of the) Garter; kg.*, 
 
 kilogram ; K.G.C. 
 
 (U.S.A.), Knight of the 
 
 Golden Circle, ditto 
 
 Grand Cross; K.G.E. 
 
 (Ger.), ditto Golden 
 
 Eagle ; K.G.P. (Aus., 
 
 Sp.), ditto Golden Fleece; 
 
 kgl. (Ger.), koniglichj, -e, 
 
 -er, -es (royal) ; K.G.V. 
 
 (Sw.), Knight of Gustavus 
 
 Vasa. 
 K.H.*, Knight of (the 
 
 Guelphs of) Hanover. 
 Khaiber Pass, Afghan. 
 khaki*, not -kee, kaki, 
 
 karkee, kharkie. 
 khal/eefate, -ifat, use 
 
 caliphate*, 
 khalif/, -a, use caliph*, 
 khamsin*, Egyptian hot 
 
 wind, not ka-, -seen. 
 khan*, not chan, kaan. 
 Khartoum, not Kartum. 
 Khayyam (Omar), 
 
 io5o?-ii22, Pers. poet. 
 K.H.C., Honorary Chaplain 
 
 to the King, 
 khedival*, of the khedive, 
 
 not -ial. 
 khedivate *, government 
 
 of khedive, not -iate. 
 khediv/e *, /^m. -a*, ruler 
 
 of Egypt (not cap.). 
 kbidmutgar* (Ind.), a 
 
 male waiter, not the many 
 
 variations. 
 K.H. P., Honorary Physi- 
 cian to the King. 
 K.H.S., Honorary Surgeon 
 
 to the King. 
 Khyber Pass, use Khai-. 
 kiak, use kayak *. 
 kiblab*, the point to which 
 
 Mohammedans turn in 
 
 prayer, not ke-. 
 kick-off* (foot.) (hyphen). 
 kickshaw*, a trifle (one 
 
 word). 
 kldmutgar, use kbid- *. 
 kidnap/*, -ped*, -per*, 
 
 -ping*, not -aped, etc. 
 kidney bean* (two words). 
 
 Kidron, Jerusalem, not Ke-. 
 Kieff, S.E. Russia, use 
 
 Kiev. 
 Kielland (A. L.), 1849-, 
 
 Norwegian writer. 
 Kierkegaard (Soren 
 
 Aaby), 1813-55, Danish 
 
 writer. 
 Kieseritzki gambit, 
 
 chess opening, not Keis-. 
 Kiev, S.E. Russia, not -eff, 
 
 -ew. 
 kil., kilderkin. 
 Kilauea, volcano in 
 
 Hawaii, not -aua. 
 kilerg* (physics), measure 
 
 of work (not ital.). 
 Kilima-Njaro (Mount), 
 
 E. Afr. (two caps., hy- 
 phen). 
 Killala, Mayo, also Bp. of. 
 Killaloe, Clare, also Bp. of. 
 Killaloo, Londonderry. 
 Killea, Londonderry. 
 Killeagh, Cork. 
 Killen, Ross-shire. 
 Killianwala, use Chili- 
 
 anwallah. 
 killick*, a stone used as 
 
 anchor, not -ock, kelleck, 
 
 -ick. 
 Killiecrankie, Perth. 
 Kniin, Perth. 
 Killylea, Armagh. 
 Killyleigh, Down. 
 "Kilmansegg (Miss),** 
 
 by T. Hood, 1828, not -eg. 
 kilogram*, 2-205 lb. 
 
 nearly ; off. spelling in 
 
 Acts of Parliament, and 
 
 by Board of Trade, not 
 
 -mme ; abbr. kg.*, or 
 
 kilo* (no point). 
 kilogrammetre* (phys.), 
 
 measure of work (one 
 
 word, not ital.). 
 kilolitre*, not -er, 1000 
 
 litres (not ital.); abbr. 
 
 kl. 
 kilometre*, not-er, 1093-6 
 
 yards, nearly five-eighths 
 
 of a mile (not ital.) ; in 
 
 Er. kilometre ; abbr. 
 
 Km. («o/ kilo). 
 
 201 
 
KILOMETRIC — KIT'S 
 
 kilometric*, of a kilo- 
 metre (not ital.). 
 
 kilowatt* (elec), looo 
 watts (not ital.) ; abbr. kw. 
 
 kilowatt - hour (elec.\ 
 abbr. B.T.U. (Board of 
 Trade Unit). 
 
 kilter* (Amer.), good con- 
 dition ; in Eng. ke-*. 
 
 kimbo (a-) * (hyphen). 
 
 Kimeridgian * (geol.) 
 (cap.). 
 
 Kimric, Welsh, use 
 Cym-*. 
 
 kinaesthesis *, the sense 
 of muscular effort, ttoi 
 kine-, -ia. 
 
 Kincardine-O * Neil, 
 Aberdeen (hyphen, three 
 caps.). 
 
 kindergarten/*, a school 
 (not ital., not cap.) ; -er*, 
 its teacher. 
 
 kinematograph, not c-. 
 
 King/, -s, abbr. K. ; 
 (typ.) print as Edward 
 VII, or the Seventh, not 
 the VII ; — Charles's 
 spaniel* (two caps.). 
 
 King Cross, Halifax. 
 
 kingd., kingdom. 
 
 kingfisher* (one word). 
 
 Bling-of-Arms*, not — at- 
 
 — (hyphens). 
 
 King of Glory, as Deity 
 (caps.). 
 
 Kingsale (Baron) {see 
 also Kinsale^'. 
 
 King's Bench*, abbr. 
 K.B. (apos.). 
 
 Kingsborough (Vis- 
 count). 
 
 Kingsburgh (Lord), Lord 
 Justice-Clerk of Scot- 
 land. 
 
 King's/ College, abbr. 
 K.C.;— Counsel, K.C.; 
 
 — County; — Cross, 
 London; — evil*, scrof- 
 ula (apos.). 
 
 King's/ Langley, Herts ; 
 
 — Lynn, Norfolk (apos.). 
 Kingsteignton, Devon 
 
 (one word^. 
 
 Kingston, Jamaica, New 
 York, Ontario. 
 
 Kingstone, Dorset, Here- 
 ford, Kent, Stafford. 
 
 Kiiigston/-on-Hull ; — 
 -on-Thames (hyphens). 
 
 Kingsto^m, Dubhn. 
 
 Kington, Hereford. 
 
 Kinloss (Baroness). 
 
 Kinnaird (Baron) (5^^a/so 
 Kennard, Kynnaird). 
 
 Kinnear (Baron). 
 
 Kinnoull (Earl of). 
 
 Kinross (Baron). 
 
 Kinross-shire (hyphen). 
 
 Kinsale, Co. Cork (see also 
 Kingsale). 
 
 Kintyre, Argyl, not Can- 
 tire. 
 
 kiosk * (not ital.). 
 
 Kioto, Japan, use Kyoto. 
 
 kirb/, -stone, use ke-. 
 
 Kirkaldy, testing ex- 
 perts. 
 
 Kirk Braddan, I.O.M., 
 not -on. 
 
 Kirkcaldy, Fife. 
 
 Kirkcudbright, pron. kir- 
 koo'bre. 
 
 BHirkmichael, Ayr, Perth 
 (one word"*. 
 
 Kirk Michael, I.O.M. 
 (two words). 
 
 Kirk Newton, Northum- 
 berland (two words). 
 
 BLirknewton, Midlothian 
 (one word). 
 
 kirk-session*, the lowest 
 Presbyterian court (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 Kirschwasser *, a cherry 
 liqueur, not kirschen-. 
 
 kismet* (Turk.), fate, not 
 -at, -ut. 
 
 kit-cat*, a portrait 36 x 
 28 in., not -kat. 
 
 kitchen-garden/*, -er*, 
 -ing*; kitchen-maid* 
 (hyphens). 
 
 kitmutgar, use kbid- *. 
 
 Kit's Coity House, 
 Aylesford, Kent, a dol- 
 men, not — Coty — , 
 — Cotty — . 
 
KIWI — KOHLER 
 
 kiwi* (N. Zealand), the 
 apteryx, not kivi, kiwi- 
 kiwi ; pron. ky'wS. 
 
 K.J., Knight of St. Jo- 
 achim. 
 
 Kjobenhavn, Dan. for 
 Copenhagen. 
 
 k.k. (Ger.), kaisetlich- 
 kontglichj, -e, -er, -es 
 (imperial-royal). 
 
 K.K.K. 
 
 Ku - Klux - 
 
 Klan. 
 
 K.Ii. (Aus., Belg.), Knight 
 of Leopold ; kl., kilolitre ; 
 Kl. (Ger.), Klasse (class) ; 
 K.Ij.A., Knight of Leo- 
 pold of Austria ; K.Ij.B., 
 ditto Belgium. 
 
 kleistogamous, use o-*. 
 
 klepsydra, use c-*. 
 
 kleptomania*, not c-. 
 
 K.Ij.H. (Fr.), Knight of 
 the Legion of Honour. 
 
 klinometer, use c- *. 
 
 Klondike, Yukon, Canada, 
 not -yke. 
 
 K.M., Knight of Malta; Km., 
 kilometre ; K.Mess., 
 King's Messenger ; 
 
 K.M.H., Knight of Merit 
 of Holstein ; K.M.J. 
 (Bavaria), Knight of Maxi- 
 milian Joseph ; K.M.T. 
 (Aus.), ditto Maria The- 
 resa. 
 
 knee-cap*, the patella 
 (hyphen). 
 
 kneel/*, -ed*, -ing*. 
 
 Kneipp*^ (Father) water- 
 cure. 
 
 knick-knack* (hyphen), 
 not nicknack. 
 
 knight, abbr. K.*, or Kt.* 
 {see also "KjA., — A.N., 
 -B.,-C.,_E.,-F., 
 
 — G., — H., — J.,_I,., 
 
 — li.H.,— M.,— N.S., 
 
 — of L., _P.,_R.C., 
 
 — R.E., — S., — S.J., 
 
 — T., _W., — W.E.). 
 Knightbridge, Cam- 
 bridge professorship, not 
 Knights-. 
 
 knight-errant*, pi. 
 
 knights-errant * (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 Knightsbridge, London. 
 
 Knights/ of Labour 
 
 (U.S.A.), Amer. trade 
 union, abbr. K. of L. ; — 
 of Pythias, U.S.A. be- 
 nevolent soc.,abbr.K.P., 
 or K. of P. 
 
 knit/*, -ted*, -ting' 
 
 (hy- 
 
 knitting-needle '■ 
 phen). 
 
 knobby*, knob-shaped. 
 
 knobkerrie* (S. Afr., 
 Austral.), a knobbed stick, 
 not -keerie, -kerry (not 
 ital.). 
 
 knook/-about (theat.) ; — 
 
 -down*, adj. ; knee/ *, 
 
 -d* ; out* (hyphens). 
 
 KnoUys, pron. nolz. 
 
 knot/*, -ted*, -ting*. 
 
 knot* (naut.), a speed per 
 hour, not a distance ; 
 hence knot an hour erron. 
 
 Knowl, Yorks. 
 
 Knowle, Glos, Warwick. 
 
 knowledgeable *. 
 
 K.W.S. (Sw.), Knight of 
 the (Royal) North Star. 
 
 knur/*, a knot; — and 
 spell, a game, not n-, -rr. 
 
 knurl*, a small projection, 
 not nurl. 
 
 Knut, use Cnut. 
 
 K.O.B., King's Own Bor- 
 derers. 
 
 Koch (Karl), 1809-79, 
 botanist; — (Robert), 
 1843-, bacteriologist. 
 
 Kock (Charles Paul de), 
 1794-1871, writer; — 
 (Henri de), 1821-92, 
 writer. 
 
 Kodaikanal Observa- 
 tory, India. 
 
 K. of li. (U.S.A.), Knights 
 of Labour ; K. of P., — 
 of Pythias (U.S.A. bene- 
 volent society). 
 
 Koh-i-noor* diamond, 
 not -niir, -nur (hyphens). 
 
 Kohler (Reinhold), 
 
 1830-92, writer. 
 
 ao3 
 
KOHLRABI — K.S.P. 
 
 kohlrabi*, a turnip-cab- 
 bage (one word). 
 
 Kolhapur, India, not 
 Kola-. 
 
 Kolliker (R. A.), 1817-, 
 histologist. 
 
 Koln, Ger, for Cologne. 
 
 Koloa (Ger. typ.n.), colon 
 (cap.). 
 
 Kolumnenltitel (Ger. 
 typ. m.), running title ; 
 •Zifferii.), folio (cap.). 
 
 Komma (Ger. typ. n.), 
 comma (cap.). 
 
 Koniggratz, Bohemia, not 
 -igsgratz. 
 
 Konigsberg, E. Prussia. 
 
 KonzertJ, -meister (Ger. 
 m.), 'Stuck (n.), not 
 Cone-. 
 
 koodoo *, S. Afr. antelope, 
 >iot kudu (not ital.). 
 
 koomiss, M5^ku-*. 
 
 Koords, use Kurds. 
 
 kopeck, use c-*. 
 
 Kopfzeite (Ger. typ. f.), 
 head-line. 
 
 kopje* (S. Afr.), a small 
 hill, not -pjie, -ppie, 
 -ppje ; pron. k6p'6. 
 
 koprolit/e, -h, use c-*. 
 
 Koran *, Mohammedan 
 sacred book. 
 
 koran*, S. Afr. bustard. 
 
 Korea/, -n, not C-. 
 
 Korrektjor (Ger. typ. m.), 
 corrector of the press ; 
 -ur (f.), a proof (caps.). 
 
 K.O.S.B., King's Own 
 Scottish Borderers. 
 
 kosher*, food prepared 
 according to the Jewish 
 law, not coshar, -er, ko- 
 scher. 
 
 kotovp-/*, a Chinese obeis- 
 ance ; -ing*, -ism*, not 
 the many variations. 
 
 koumiss, use ku- *. 
 
 kowrie, use kauri*. 
 
 kow-tow, use kotow *. 
 
 K.O.Y.L.I., King's Own 
 Yorkshire Light Infan- 
 try. 
 
 K.P.*, Knight of (the Order 
 
 of) St. Patrick; (U.S. A), 
 
 Knights of Pythias. 
 Kr, krypton. 
 kr., kreuzer. 
 kraal* (Afr.), village, or 
 
 enclosure. 
 Krafft (Peter), 1 780-1856, 
 
 painter. 
 Krakatoa (Mount), 
 
 Straits of Sunda, not -au. 
 Krakow,Poland, «o/Crac-. * 
 Krapotkine (Prince 
 
 Peter), 1842-, writer, «o/ 
 
 Kro-, -in. 
 K.R.C., Knight of the Red 
 
 Cross ; K.R.E., ditto 
 
 Red Eagle, 
 kreese, use c- *. 
 Krefeld, Germany, offic. 
 
 K-, usually C-. 
 Krehbiel (H. E.), 1854-, 
 
 writer on music. 
 Kremlin, Moscow citadel, 
 kremlin *, any Russ. cita- 
 del (not cap.). 
 kreosote, use c-*. 
 kreuzer*, Aus. and Ger. 
 
 coin, one-fifth penny ; 
 
 abbr. kr. ; pron. kroi'tzr. 
 Kriegsminister (Ger. m.). 
 
 Minister of War (cap., 
 
 one word). 
 Kriegsplel* (Ger. n.), the 
 
 war game. 
 Jtr/s, use creese*, 
 kromesquis, use c-. 
 Krone/*, Aus. silver coin, 
 
 lod. Eng., Ger. gold coin, 
 
 los. Eng. ; pi. -n. 
 Kroo*, W. Afr. negro, not 
 
 -ou, -u (not ital.). 
 Kropotkine (Prince), 
 
 use Kra-. 
 K.R.R., King's Royal 
 
 Rifles; K.R.R.C., ditto 
 
 Rifle Corps. 
 Kru, use Kroo*. 
 Krupp, Essen, Germany, 
 krypton*, not c-; symbol 
 
 Kr. 
 K.S., King's Scholar, 
 
 (Sw.) Knight of the 
 
 Sword ; K.S.A. (Russ.), 
 
 ditto of St. Anne; K.S.P. 
 
 ao4 
 
K.S.P.M. — KYRLE 
 
 (Sp.). ditto San Fernando; 
 K.S.F.M. (Naples), ditto 
 St. Ferdinand and Merit ; 
 K.S.G. (Russ.), ditto 
 St. George ; K.S.H. (Ba- 
 varia), ditto St. Hubert. 
 
 kshatriya* (Ind.), one of 
 the four great castes, not 
 -tri, -ttriya. 
 
 K.S.J. (Naples), Knight of 
 St. Januarius ; K.S.Ij. 
 (Pers.), ditto the Sun 
 and Lion ; X.Soc, Ka- 
 mashastra Society ; 
 
 K.S.P., Knight of St. 
 Stanislaus of Poland ; 
 K.S.S. (Brazil), ditto 
 Southern Star, ditto 
 Sword of Sweden ; 
 K.S.V. (Russ.), ditto 
 St. Vladimir. 
 
 K.T.*, Knight of the (Order 
 of the) Thistle, — Tem- 
 plar ; Kt.*, knight ; Kt. 
 Bach., Knight Bachelor; 
 K.T.X. (Gr.), kai ta loipa 
 (and the rest, or etc.); 
 K.T.S. (Port.), Knight 
 of the Tower and Sword. 
 
 Kuch Behar, India, not 
 Coo . 
 
 kudos* (Gr.), renown (not 
 ital.). 
 
 kudu, use koodoo*. 
 
 Kufic, use C- *. 
 
 Ku-Klux-Klan*, a 
 U.S.A. secret society (not 
 ital.) ; abbr. K.K.K. 
 
 kukri* (Ind.), a curved 
 knife, noi the many varia- 
 tions. 
 
 Kulturkampf der 
 
 Me nscbbe it {Ger.), con- 
 
 flict against ignorance and 
 
 obscurantism. 
 Kumassi, Ashanti, not 
 
 -asi, Coo-, Koo-, -ie. 
 kumiss*, a preparation of 
 
 mares' milk, not the many 
 
 variations. 
 kummel*, a liqueur. 
 kuminerbund, use c- *. 
 kupfemickel* (mineral.) 
 
 (one^ not cap.). 
 kupfferite* (mineral. ) (two 
 
 /'s). 
 Kur (Ger. f.), cure (cap.). 
 Kurds, of Kurdistan, not 
 
 Koo-. 
 kuriologic/, -al, use c-*. 
 Kurrachee, not Karachi. 
 Kursaal* (Ger. m.), a hall 
 
 (ital., cap.). 
 Kursivscbrift (Ger.typ.f. ), 
 
 italic type. 
 Kutch, kutch,M5«C-, c-*. 
 Kuyp, use C-. 
 kvass* (Russ.), rye beer. 
 K.W. (Netherlands), 
 
 Knight of William; kw. 
 
 (elec), kilowatt; K.W.E. 
 
 (Poland), Knight of the 
 
 White Eagle. 
 Ky., Kentucky (offic. 
 
 abbr.). 
 Kymric, use C- *. 
 Kynnaird (Viscount) 
 
 {see also Kennard, Kin- 
 
 naird). 
 Kyoto, Japan, not Ki-. 
 Kyrie eleison* (eccles.), 
 
 ''Lord, have mercy"; 
 
 abbr. Kyrie, not — elee- 
 
 son. 
 Kyrie (John), 1637-1724, 
 
 "the Man of Ross." 
 
 805 
 
K NOTES 
 
 ao6 
 
K NOTES 
 
 807 
 
I,. — LACY 
 
 li,, Lady, Lake, Latin, 
 Liberal, licentiate, the 
 eleventh in a series, all 
 proper names with this 
 initial, (after titles) Lon- 
 don, (hot) Linnaeus, (Fr.) 
 livre (pound), (It.) //>/«, -e 
 (tenpence), (Lat.) liber (a 
 book), locus (place), 
 (theat.) left (from actor's 
 point of view). 
 
 Ii. or £f the form jC to be 
 used and placed before 
 figures, as £^o. \i I. 
 ordered, to be placed after ^ 
 as 50/. {see also punc- 
 tuation, XXI, 3). 
 
 L, fifty, fiftieth, (elec.) 
 symbol for inductance, 
 tabular logarithm (not 
 ital., no point). 
 
 L, league, length, lifie, 
 link, litre, (Ger.) lies 
 (read), (naut.) light- 
 ning. 
 
 Ij.A., law agent, Legisla- 
 tive Assembly, Literate 
 in Arts. 
 
 La, lanthanum (no point). 
 
 La., Louisiana, U.S.A. 
 i^offic. abbr.). 
 
 //a. (Fr.), letired' avis {letter 
 of advice). 
 
 laager* (S. Afr.), a tem- 
 porary camp, not lag-. 
 
 Lab., Labrador. 
 
 label/*, -led*, -ling*. 
 
 labijum* (Lat.), a lip; //. 
 -a*. 
 
 Lablache (Luigi), 1794- 
 1858, singer (one word). 
 
 Labor Day (Amen), 
 first Monday in Sept., 
 not Labour — (caps.). 
 
 lab/our*, -orious*. 
 
 Labourers Act (caps., no 
 apos.). 
 
 Labrador, abbr. Lab. 
 
 labrjum* (Lat.), lip of a 
 
 jug, etc. ; pi. -a*. 
 La Bruyire (J. de), 
 
 1645-96, Fr. writer. 
 labyrinth/*, -ian*, -ic*, 
 
 -ine*. 
 L.A.C., Licentiate of the 
 
 Apothecaries' Company, 
 
 London Athletic Club. 
 lac/*, a resin ; (Ang.-Ind.) 
 
 100,000, not -ck. 
 
 -kh 
 
 (not ital.) ; — of rupees 
 (typO) pointing above one 
 lac is with a comma after 
 the number of lacs : thus 
 25,87,000 is 25 lacs, 87 
 thousand rupees. 
 
 Laccadive Islands, off 
 Madras. 
 
 Lac6pMe (B. G. E. de 
 la v., comte), 1756- 
 1825, naturalist. 
 
 Lachaise (P^re), Paris 
 cemetery (two words). 
 
 lacbe (Fr.), lax, cowardly 
 (ital.). 
 
 laches*, negligence (not 
 ital.). 
 
 Lachryma Christi*, a 
 red wine. 
 
 lachrjrm/al*, -atory*, 
 -ose*, «o/ lacri-, lacry-. 
 
 lackadaisical * (not ital.). 
 
 lacker, use lacquer *. 
 
 lackey*, a footman, not 
 -quey. 
 
 laconic* (not cap.\ 
 
 L.A.C.P., London Associa- 
 tion of Correctors of the 
 Press (33 Chancery Lane, 
 London, W.C). 
 
 lacquer*, etc., not lacker. 
 
 lacrimal, use lachry-*. 
 
 La Crohs9, town, U.S.A. 
 
 lacrosse*, ball game (one 
 word, not ital.). 
 
 lacun/a *,/>/. -aB* (not ital.). 
 
 lacy *, lace-like, not -ey. 
 
 908 
 
LADIES* — liAMARQUE 
 
 ladies* cards, 372 x 2V2 
 in. 
 
 "Ladies'/ Field,** news- 
 paper; — Gallery*, 
 House of Commons ; 
 — Mile, Hyde Park, Lon- 
 don {see also Lady's). 
 
 ladies* school*. 
 
 Lady, abbr. L. 
 
 Lady (Our) (R.C.C.) 
 (caps.). . 
 
 lady/-bird*, cow*, in- 
 sect (hyphens). 
 
 Lady Day/, 25 March 
 
 (two words, caps. ) ; 
 
 in Harvest, 15 Aug. 
 
 Lady Dedlock, in " Bleak 
 House," not Dead-. 
 
 lady-in-waiting* (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 ladylike* (one word). 
 
 "Lady of Shalott,'* by 
 Tennyson, 1832. 
 
 lady's maid*, pi. ladies* 
 maids (no hyphen). 
 
 «Lady*s/ Pictorial,** "— 
 Realm,** newspapers 
 {see also Ladies*). 
 
 IsBmmergeyer, use la-*. 
 
 Isesa majestas (Lat.), 
 lese-majesty. 
 
 Lastare Sunday, fourth 
 in Lent. 
 
 lasva (Lat.), left. 
 
 Ibbvo-*, the prefix, not le-. 
 
 Lafayette College, 
 
 U.S.A. (one word). 
 
 LaflBltte (Ch&teau-), a 
 claret (hyphen); — (Jac- 
 ques),! 767-1 844, French 
 statesman ; not Lafi-, -ite 
 (one word). 
 
 La Fontaine (Jean de), 
 1621-95, Fr. writer (two 
 words). 
 
 lager beer* (two words, 
 not ital.). 
 
 lagoon*, not -nne. 
 
 Lagrange (J.L., comte), 
 1736-1813, math. 
 
 Lagthing, Upper House of 
 Norwegian Parliament. 
 
 La Guaira, S. Amer., not 
 -yra. 
 
 L.A.H., Licentiate of 
 Apothecaries' Hall. 
 
 La Hague (Cape), N.W. 
 France. 
 
 la haute politique (Fr.), 
 State politics. 
 
 La Haye (Fr.), The Hague, 
 Holland. 
 
 La Hogue, a roadstead, 
 N.W. France. 
 
 Lahore, India, not -or. 
 
 laicize*, to secularize, not 
 -ise. 
 
 laid paper*, that which 
 when held up to the light 
 shows parallel lines at 
 intervals of an inch or so. 
 
 Lais, a Greek beauty. 
 
 lalssezj-aller* (Fr.), ab- 
 sence of restraint, not 
 
 laisser- ; faire*, let 
 
 people do as they think 
 best (O.E.D.), let well 
 alone ! not laisser-. 
 
 lalt (Fr. m.), milk; av — , 
 with milk. 
 
 laitance (Fr. f.), soft roe of 
 fish. 
 
 laitue (Fr. f.), lettuce. 
 
 Lake (typ.), capital when 
 with name, as Bala Lake, 
 Lake Superior; abbr. L. 
 
 lakh, see lac *. 
 
 laky*, lake-like, not -ey. 
 
 Ik Ik (Fr.), so-so, pass- 
 ably. 
 
 Lalande (J. J. le-F. de), 
 1 732- 1807, Fr. astr. (one 
 word). 
 
 Lalitpur, N.W. India, 
 not Lalat-. 
 
 Jj.A.'M.. ,Ltberah'um Artium 
 Magister (Master of the 
 Liberal Arts). 
 
 Lam. (Scrip.), Lamenta- 
 tions, (bot.) Lamarck. 
 
 lama*, Buddhist priest {see 
 a/50 11-). 
 
 Lamarck/ (J. B. P. A. 
 de M.), 1744-1829, 
 naturalist (one word) ; 
 -ian; abbr. Lam. 
 
 Lamarque (comte M.), 
 1770-1832, Fr. General. 
 
 209 
 
 li 
 
liAMAKTINIE — LAP 
 
 Lamartine (A. M. It. de), 
 1 790-1 869, Fr. poet (one 
 word). 
 
 lamasery*, a lama mon- 
 astery, not the many varia- 
 tions. 
 
 lambda * the Gr. L, /(A, x). 
 
 Iiambhill, Glasgow (one 
 word). 
 
 Uamb of God (two 
 caps.). 
 
 lamb's fry* (cook.) (apes., 
 two words). 
 
 lambskin* (one word). 
 
 lamb's- wool* (apos., hy- 
 phen). 
 
 lamell/a*, a thin plate ; 
 
 pi. -39*. 
 
 Lamennais (K. H. P. R. 
 de), 1 782-1854, Fr. poli- 
 tician (one word). 
 
 Lamentations (Book of), 
 abbr. Lam. 
 
 lamin/a*, a thin plate; 
 pi. -SB*. 
 
 Lammas*, i August. 
 
 lammergeyer *, the 
 
 bearded vulture, ftot lae-, 
 le-, -geier (not ital.). 
 
 Lamourette*s kiss, a kiss 
 of peace when there is 
 no peace. 
 
 lamp-black* (hyphen). 
 
 lamplighter* (one word). 
 
 lamp-post* (hyphen). 
 
 lamproie (Fr. f.), lamprey. 
 
 Lancashire/, abbr.Lancs ; 
 — Regiment (Loyal 
 North, not Royal — ). 
 
 Lancaster Regiment 
 (Royal) (see also Lan- 
 kester). 
 
 Lance - Corporal, abbr. 
 L.-Corp. 
 
 lancewood* (one word). 
 
 lancinat/e*, ing*. 
 
 Lancing College, Sus- 
 sex. 
 
 Lanes, Lancashire. 
 
 landau/ *, -let*, a carriage 
 (not ital.>. 
 
 landdrosi* (S. Afn), a 
 magistrate, not landroost, 
 -rost. 
 
 landgrav/e *, a count ; /em. 
 -ine*. 
 
 landgraviate*, a land- 
 grave's territory, Mo/-vate. 
 
 landlocked* (one word). 
 
 land-lubber* (hyphen). 
 
 landmark* (one wordV 
 
 L. & N. W. R,, London 
 and North-Western Rail- 
 way. 
 
 Lan(*or (Walter Sav- 
 age), 1 775-1864, writer. 
 
 landowner* (one w^ord). 
 
 lands/man*, pi. -men*. 
 
 Landsthing, Upper House 
 of the Danish Parliament. 
 
 Landsturm* (Ger. m.), 
 reserves of the whole 
 nation for national de- 
 fence. 
 
 L. & S.W.R., London and 
 South-Western Railway. 
 
 Landtag (Ger. m.), the 
 legislative body, diet. 
 
 land-tax* (hyphen). 
 
 Landwehr* (Ger. f.), 
 mihtia. 
 
 L. & Y.R., Lancashire and 
 Yorkshire Railway. 
 
 lang., language. 
 
 langOUSte (Fr. f.), a spring 
 lobster. 
 
 langsyne*, long ago (one 
 word, not ital.). 
 
 languor/*, -ous*. 
 
 Lankester (Edwin Ray) 
 184 7-, zoologist. 
 
 lanner/*, a female falcon ; 
 male, -et*. 
 
 lanolin*, not -ine. 
 
 Lansdown (battle of), 
 1643. 
 
 Lansdowne (Marquess 
 of). 
 
 lantern*, «o/ -thorn. 
 
 lanthanum*, symbol La 
 (no point). 
 
 lanyard*, not -iard. 
 
 Laoeoon, Trojan priest, 
 pron. la-6k'o-6n. 
 
 La,0-tsze, born 604 B.C., 
 founder of Taoism (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 lap/*, -ped*, -ping*. 
 
IiAP. — LATIN 
 
 Lap., Lapland {see also 
 
 Lapp). 
 Lapageria (bot.). 
 lap-dog* (hyphen). 
 lapel/*, the lap over of a 
 
 coat, not -elle, lappelle ; 
 -led*. 
 lapereau (Ft. m.), a young 
 
 rabbit. 
 lapiin* (Lat.), pebbles. 
 lap in] (Fr. m.), rabbit ; — 
 
 ait karl, curried rabbit. 
 lapis laziili* (two words). 
 Laplace (P. S.), 1749- 
 
 1827, astr. (one word). 
 Lapland, abbr. Lap. 
 Lapp*, a native of Lap- 
 land, Lappish, 
 lappelle, use lapel*, 
 lapsable*, liable to lapse, 
 
 not -ible. 
 lapsus j* (Lat.), a slip ; — 
 
 calami*, ditto of the pen ; 
 
 — Ilnguas*, ditto tongue; 
 
 — memories, ditto 
 
 memory. 
 Laputan*, visionary, not 
 
 -ian (cap.), 
 /ar/* (Lat.), a household 
 
 god; pi. -es*. 
 Larbert, Stirling. 
 lard (Fr. m.), bacon. 
 lardon* (Fr. m.), bacon 
 
 for larding, not -oon. 
 large -paper*, special 
 
 copies of a book, with 
 
 large margins, etc. ; also 
 
 termed edition de luxe ; 
 
 abbr. L.P. 
 largess*, a free gift, not 
 
 -esse (not ital.). 
 lariat*, rope for picketing 
 
 animals, not -iette, larriet 
 
 (not ital.). 
 larikin, use larr-*. 
 larkspur* (bot.) (one 
 
 word). 
 Lamaka, Cyprus, not 
 
 -aca, -ica. 
 La Rochefoucauld 
 
 (Fran9ois, due de), 
 
 1613-80, Fr. writer. 
 larrikin*, Australian street 
 
 rowdy, not lari-. 
 
 larv/a *,/>/. -»* (not ital.). 
 
 laryn/x* (anat. ),/>/. -ges*. 
 
 L.A.S., Lord-Advocate of 
 Scotland. 
 
 Lasalle (comte de), 
 1 775 -1809, Fr. Gen. (one 
 word) (see also Lass-). 
 
 La Salle (A. de), 1398- 
 1 46 1, Fr. poet ; — (J. B. 
 de), 1651-1719 ; — , 
 (R. C), 1643-87, Fr. 
 explorer (two words). 
 
 lascar*, E. Indian sailor 
 (not ital.). 
 
 Las Casas (B. de), 1474- 
 1566, ''apostle of the 
 Indians." 
 
 Las Cases (E. D.), 1766- 
 1842, friend of Napoleon I. 
 
 lasbkar* (Ind.), a body of 
 Afridi soldiers. 
 
 Lasker (E.), 1868-, chess 
 player. 
 
 "LasMeninas,** by Velaz- 
 quez, not -inas. 
 
 Lassa, Tibet, use Lhasa. 
 
 Lassalle (Ferdinand), 
 1825-64, German Socialist 
 (one word) {see also 
 Lasa-). 
 
 Lassell (William), 1799- 
 i88o, astr. 
 
 lasso/*, -ed*, -ing*; pi. 
 -S, not lazo (not ital.). 
 
 Last Supper (the) (caps.). 
 
 Lat., Latin ; lat., latitude. 
 
 Latakia*, a Turk, tobacco, 
 not -yah, Ladikieh (not 
 ital.). 
 
 later, correlative of eailier. 
 
 Lateran (St. John)*, 
 church in Rome. 
 
 lath*, a thin strip of wood. 
 
 lathe* , machine for turning. 
 
 Lathom (Earl of). 
 
 Latimer- Clark unit cell 
 (elec). 
 
 Latin, abbr. L., or Lat. ; 
 (typ.) alphabet same as 
 English without w. Ac- 
 cents and ligatures falling 
 into disuse ; many scholars 
 do not differentiate the 
 letter y from /'. 
 [ 14* 
 
liATIN — Ii.C.B. 
 
 liatin Cross, +. 
 
 latin de cuisiae (Fr.), 
 
 dog-Latin, 
 latinity* (not cap.). 
 latinize*, to make Latin, 
 
 not -ise (not cap.). 
 latitude, abbr. lat. 
 Latour (Cha,teau-), a 
 
 claret (hyphen). 
 Latreille (P. A.), 1762- 
 
 1833, Fr. naturaHst (one 
 
 word). 
 latrine* (not ital.). 
 latten*, sheet metal (not 
 
 ital.). 
 latter, correlative oi former. 
 Laud ("William), 1573- 
 
 1645, Abp. 
 laudator temporls acti 
 
 (Lat.), a praiser of past 
 
 times. 
 L.A.U.K., Library Assoc. 
 
 of United Kingdom. 
 lauraj*, Christ, antiq. ; pi. 
 
 -s. 
 laurel/*, -led*, not -eled. 
 Laurence/ (Friar), in 
 
 '* Romeo and JuHet " ; — 
 
 Pountney Lane, E.C. 
 
 {see also Law-). 
 Laurentian* (geol.). 
 Laurier (Sir "Wilfrid), 
 
 1841-, Can. statesman. 
 laurustinus*, an ever- 
 green, not laures-, lauris-. 
 Laus Deo (Lat.), Praise 
 
 (be) to God. 
 lauw^ine*, an avalanche, 
 
 not law-. 
 Laveleye (baron E. L. 
 
 V. de), 1822-92, Fr. 
 
 economist. 
 Vavenir (Fr. m.), the 
 
 future. 
 laverock*, a lark, «o^lavr-. 
 Lavoisier (A. L.), 1743- 
 
 94, Fr. chemist. 
 lavrovite* (mineral.), not 
 
 -offite. 
 L.A.W., League of Ameri- 
 can Wheelmen. 
 law (typ.'', practically no 
 
 punctuation used in legal 
 
 documents. Copy must be 
 
 followed. Spell out all 
 figures ; law/ agent, 
 abbr.L.A.; — binding*, 
 
 — -calf*, — -sheep*, 
 binding in smooth pale 
 brown calf- or sheep-skin. 
 
 Law Courts (the) (caps., 
 
 no hyphen), 
 lawgiver* (one word), 
 lawine, use lauwine *. 
 lawn-tennis* (hyphen). 
 Lawrence (St.), North 
 
 American river {see also 
 
 Lau-). 
 Laws, abbr. LL. 
 law-sheep, see law. 
 Lawson (Sir "Wilfrid), 
 
 1829-1906, politician. 
 law-stationer* (hyphen). 
 lawsuit* (one word). 
 lay, untilled land, ws^lea*. 
 Layard, pron. laird, 
 layette* (not ital.). 
 lazaretto/, a place for 
 
 quarantine (not ital.); pi. 
 
 -8. 
 
 Lazenby, Yorks. 
 
 Lazonby, Cumberland. 
 
 lazy-tongs* (hyphen). 
 
 lazzaronle*, one of a 
 low class at Naples, not 
 lazar- ; pi. -/*. 
 
 L.S., Baccalaureus Liter- 
 arum (Bachelor of 
 Letters), Lectori benevolo 
 (to the kind reader), Lo- 
 cal Board ; l.b. (cricket), 
 leg-bye; lb.*, librja, -x 
 (pound, -s, or pound's 
 weight), not IB, lbs. (not 
 ital.) ; L.B. & S.C.R., 
 London, Brighton, and 
 South Coast Railway ; 
 lbs., not to be used for 
 pounds, but lb. for sing, 
 and pi. ; l.b.w. (cricket), 
 leg before wicket, not lb w. 
 
 L.C., Lord Chamberlain, 
 
 — Chancellor, Lower 
 Canada, letter of credit ; 
 I.e., loco citato (in 
 the place cited), (typ.), 
 lower case, that is not 
 caps. ; L.C.B., Lord Chief 
 
Ii.C.C. — IiE BON 
 
 Baron ; L.C.C, London 
 County Council, -lor ; 
 L.Ch., Licentiate in 
 Surgery ; L.C.J., Lord 
 Chief Justice ; l.C.m., 
 least common multiple ; 
 L.-Corp., Lance-Cor- 
 poral ; L.C.P., Licentiate 
 of the College of Precep- 
 tors ; Jjcn (Fr.), Retire de 
 credit (letter of credit). 
 
 L.D., Light Dragoons, Low 
 Dutch, (Amer.) Doctor of 
 Letters; Ld., lord; l.d., 
 litera dontinicalis (domini- 
 
 . cal letter) ; Ii.Div.,^ Li- 
 centiate in Divinity ; 
 Iidp., lordship; L.D.S.*, 
 Licentiate of Dental Sur- 
 gery. 
 
 £E., Egyptian pounds (each 
 £\. OS. 674d. sterling). 
 
 lea*, untilled land, not lay, 
 lee, ley. 
 
 lead* (typ.), a thin strip of 
 metal less than type high, 
 used to separate lines 
 (O.E.D.); thick — , 24 
 to the inch ; thin — , 
 36; eight to pica — , 
 48; hair-lead, 72. Also 
 to separate the lines of 
 type by interposing leads. 
 
 lead, symbol Pb. 
 
 leaded/ matter*, — 
 type*, having the lines 
 separated by leads. 
 
 leader, see leading art- 
 icle. 
 
 leaderette* (typ.), a short 
 editorial paragraph, print- 
 ed in the same type as 
 the leaders in a news- 
 paper (O.E.D.). 
 
 leader* (typ.), a group of 
 three dots placed at in- 
 tervals to guide the eye 
 
 across a page, as 
 
 ... in tables of contents. 
 Dashes not to be used 
 for this purpose. 
 
 leading* (typ.), the action 
 of placing leads between 
 lines of type (O.E.D.). 
 
 leading article*, one of 
 the longer large-type 
 articles in a newspaper, 
 appearing as the expres- 
 sion of editorial opinion 
 on any subject : a leader 
 (O.E.D.) ; (typ.) first 
 word usually indented 
 one em ; and that and 
 all names of persons and 
 titles usually in s.caps. 
 
 leaf* (typ.), one of a num- 
 ber of folds (each con- 
 taining two pages) which 
 compose a book or manu- 
 script ; a folio. Hence 
 the matter printed or 
 written thereon (O.E.D.). 
 Two pages back to back. 
 
 leaflet* (typ.), a small- 
 sized leaf of paper, or a 
 sheet folded into two or 
 more leaves, containing 
 printed matter, generally 
 for gratuitous distribu- 
 tion. 
 
 leaf-mould*, not -mold 
 (hyphen). 
 
 league, abbr. 1. 
 
 Leamington, Warwick 
 {see also Lem-). 
 
 lean/*, -ed*, or-t*. 
 
 lean-face type (typ.), 
 that which has not the full 
 breadth : unusually thin or 
 narrow, as this. 
 
 leap-frog*, a game (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 leap year * (two 
 words). 
 
 learn/*, -ed*, or-t*. 
 
 least common multiple, 
 abbr. l.c.m. 
 
 leatherette*, a cloth and 
 paper imitation of lea- 
 ther. 
 
 leaves, abbr. 11. 
 
 Lebeuf (Abb6), 1687- 
 1760. 
 
 Lebewohtt (Ger. n.) fare- 
 well ! 
 
 le boa temps viendra 
 (Fr.), the good time will 
 come. 
 
 ai3 
 
liEBRUN — LENDING 
 
 Lebmn (Charles), 1619- 
 90, Fr. painter ; — 
 (C. F.), 1739-1824, Fr. 
 politician ; — (ificou- 
 chard), 1729-1807, Fr. 
 poet ; — (]Slisabeth 
 Vig6e), 1755-1842, Fr. 
 painter ; — (P. A.), 1785- 
 1873, Fr. poet (one word). 
 
 Lecocq (A. C.), 1832-, 
 composer. 
 
 Lecoq (Monsieur), of Sir 
 Conan Doyle's, and Ga- 
 boriau's detective stories. 
 
 Lecouvreur (Adri- 
 
 enne), 1692-1730, act- 
 ress; double-quoted, when 
 name of the play. 
 
 lect., lecture. 
 
 Ie3tern*, «o/ -urn. 
 
 Lectori benevoloi^ Lat. ) , to 
 the kind reader; abbr.LjB. 
 
 lee, untilled land, use lea*. 
 
 lee^ use lief*. 
 
 leeming, use lemm-*. 
 
 Leeuv/enhoeck (Anton 
 van), 1632-1723, micros. 
 
 left (theat.) (from actor's 
 point of view), abbr. L. 
 
 Leg., legislative, -ure. 
 
 leg., legal, legit (he, or she, 
 reads), legunt (they read, 
 pres. tense). 
 
 legalize*, not -ise. 
 
 Le Gallienne (Richard), 
 1 866-, writer. 
 
 leg-bye (cricket), not -by ; 
 abbr. l.b. 
 
 legenda (Lat.), things to 
 be read. 
 
 legerdemain* (notital.). 
 
 ISgdretS (Fr. f.), frivoUty. 
 
 leger line (mus.), not led-. 
 
 leges (Lat.), laws ; abbr. //. 
 
 Legh, family name of Baron 
 Newton ; pron. lee {see 
 also Leigh). 
 
 legislat/ive, -ure, abbr. 
 
 L3g. 
 
 Legislative Assembly, 
 abbr. L.A. (see also As- 
 semblies). 
 
 /e^^(Lat.), he,or she, reads ; 
 abbr. leg. 
 
 legitimize*, not -ise. 
 legs (Fr. m.), legacy ; /roH. 
 
 lay. 
 ligumes (Fr. m. pi.), table 
 
 vegetables. 
 legunt (Lat.), they read 
 
 (pres. tense^; abbr. leg. 
 Lehigh University, 
 
 U.S.A. (one word). 
 Leibniz (G. W.), 1646- 
 
 1716, philos., not -itz. 
 Leicester, abbr. Leics. 
 Leigh (Baron), pron. lee 
 
 {see also Legh). 
 Leighton-Buzzard,Beds; 
 
 pron. la'tn — (hyphen). 
 Leipzig, abbr. Lpz. 
 leitmotiv*, a theme as- 
 sociated with a particular 
 
 person, situation, or senti- 
 ment (O.E.D.), not -if, 
 
 -ive. 
 le jeu Be vaut pas la 
 
 cbandelle (Fr.), the 
 
 game is not worth the 
 
 candle. 
 le Juste milieu (Fr.), the 
 
 golden mean. 
 lekin, use likin*. 
 Lely (Sir Peter), i6i8- 
 
 80, painter. 
 Lemaitre (Fr6d6ric), 
 
 1800-76, Fr. actor ; — 
 
 (Jules), 1853-, Fr. writer 
 
 (one word). 
 leming, use lemm- *. 
 Lemington, Northumb. 
 
 {see also Lea-), 
 lemm/a*, a title or theme; 
 
 pi. -as* (not ital.). 
 lemm/a*, husk of a fruit; 
 
 pi. -ata*. 
 lemming*, rodent, not 
 
 leeming, leming. 
 Le Moine (Sir J. M.), 
 
 1 825-, writer. 
 Lemoinne (J. E.), 1815- 
 
 92, Fr. journalist. 
 Lempridre (John), 1765- 
 
 1824, lexicographer. 
 Lenclos (Ninon de), 
 
 1616-1706, a Fr. beauty, 
 lending library* (two 
 
 words). 
 
 214 
 
LENGTH — L]6VY 
 
 length, abbr. 1. 
 
 Lennox, family name of 
 Duke of Richmond. 
 
 Lennoxtown, Stirling 
 (one word). 
 
 Lenox Library, New 
 York. 
 
 lens/*, «oMense; pi. -es*. 
 
 Lent*, from Ash-Wednes- 
 day to Easter (cap.). 
 
 lentHIej (Fr. f.), lentil; 
 -S (pi.), freckles. 
 
 Leominster, Hereford ; 
 pron. lem'ster. 
 
 Leonardo da Vinci, 
 1452-1519, painter, etc., 
 not Lio-; pron. — — 
 vin'chi. 
 
 leonid/*, a meteor; pl.-ea* 
 (not ital.). 
 
 Lepidoptera * is pi. 
 (cap.). 
 
 leprechaun* (Ir.), a 
 pigmy, sprite, not lepra-, 
 -awn, leprechawn. 
 
 Le Quexix (William), 
 1 864-, writer (two 
 words). 
 
 Lermontoff (Mikhail 
 Yurevitch), 1814-41, 
 Russ. poet. 
 
 LeRoyjJe veult, the Royal 
 assent to Bills in Parlia- 
 ment ; s*avisera, 
 
 ditto dissent. 
 
 Le Sage (Alain-E.en6), 
 1668-1747, Fr. writer. 
 
 les convenances (Fr. f.), 
 the proprieties. 
 
 lese-majesty*, treason 
 (hyphen, not ital.); in Fr. 
 Ibse-maJestS. 
 
 leterals, use lit-*. 
 
 Lethe*, a river in Hades ; 
 pron. le'the. 
 
 let-in notes (typ.), those 
 let into the text, as dis- 
 tinct from side-notes. 
 
 rStoile du nord (Fr.), 
 the North Star (motto of 
 Minnesota) (I.e. «). 
 
 le tout ensemble (Fr.), 
 the general effect. 
 
 letteral, use literal*. 
 
 letter of marque, com- 
 mission to plunder at 
 sea ; pi. letters . 
 
 letter-paper* is quarto 
 size : note-paper is 8vo. 
 
 letterpress* (one word). 
 
 letters (printed) (typ.)y 
 address, date, and signa- 
 ture, should be in caps, 
 and s.caps. {see also GOrre- 
 spondence). 
 
 letters of distinction, 
 as F.R.S., LL.D., etc., 
 are usually put in large 
 caps. Even s.caps. often 
 improve general effect. 
 
 letters patent*. 
 
 lettre d*avis (Fr. f.), letter 
 of advice ; abbr. //a. 
 
 lettre dej cachet (Fr. f.), 
 warrant for imprison- 
 ment ; credit, letter 
 
 of credit ; abbr. Ijcr, ; pL 
 lettres . 
 
 lettuce *, not -ice. 
 
 Leuckart (K. G. F. 
 Rudolf), 1822-98, zo- 
 ologist. 
 
 Leuwenhoeck,Ms^Leeu-. 
 
 Lev., Leviticus. 
 
 lev (Bulgaria), tenpence 
 Eng. ; pi. leva. 
 
 levant morocco* (bind- 
 ing), a superior quality 
 with prominent grain. 
 
 levee*, an assembly (no 
 accent, not ital.). 
 
 level/*, -led*, -ler*, 
 -ling*, not -eled, etc. 
 
 lever dej rldeau (Fr. m.), 
 opening piece at theatre ; 
 
 Stance y closing of 
 
 a meeting. 
 
 Leverrier (U. J. J.), 
 1 81 1-77, French astr.(one 
 word). 
 
 Leveson-Gower, prou. 
 loo'sn-gor. 
 
 Levingstone (Baron), 
 {see also Li-). 
 
 Leviticus, abbr. Lev. 
 
 levo-,the prefix, «5d8Bvo-*. 
 
 L§vy frdres (Michel), 
 publishers, Paris (I.e./). 
 
 ai5 
 
LEW — lilCK^ERISH 
 
 Iiew-ehe"w 
 
 Islands, 
 
 Japan, use Loochoo — . 
 
 Lewes, Sussex. 
 
 Lewes (George Henry), 
 1817-78, writer; — (Vi- 
 vian B.), chemist (see 
 also Lewis). 
 
 Lewis, isle in Hebrides ; 
 proH. lewz. 
 
 Lewis (Sir G. Come- 
 wall, «o/Cornw-), 1806- 
 63, statesman, writer ; — 
 (Sir George H.), 1833-, 
 solicitor; — (J. F.), 
 1805-76, painter {see also 
 Lew^es). 
 
 lewis*, key for stone-lifting, 
 not lewiss, -on, louis, luis. 
 
 lex (Lat.), law ; pi. leges. 
 
 lexicog., lexicographer, -y, 
 -ical. 
 
 lexicon*, abbr. lex. (not 
 ital). 
 
 lexj loci (Lat.), local cus- 
 tom ; — non scrlpta, 
 unwritten law; — scripts , 
 statute law ; — iaiionis *, 
 ''an eye for an eye"; 
 — terras, the law of the 
 land. 
 
 ley, untilled land, use lea*. 
 
 Leyd., Leyden. 
 
 Leys School, Camb. ; pron. 
 lees. 
 
 lez (Fr. topog.), near ; pron. 
 lay. 
 
 L.F.P.S., Licentiate of the 
 Faculty of Physicians and 
 Surgeons. 
 
 L.G. (gunpowder, leather, 
 wheat) large grain, Life 
 Guards ; L.G.B., Local 
 Government Board ; 
 
 L.Ger., Low German ; 
 L.Gr., Low Greek. 
 
 l.h., left hand; L.H.A., 
 Lord High Admiral. 
 
 Lhasa, Tibet, noi -ssa, 
 Lassa. 
 
 L.H.C., Lord High Chan- 
 cellor ; L.H.D., Ltter- 
 arum Humaniorum Doctor 
 (untranslatable, approx. 
 Doctor of the morehumane 
 
 letters) ; L.H.T., Lord 
 High Treasurer. 
 
 L.I., (Amer.) Licentiate of 
 Instruction, Light In- 
 fantry, Long Island 
 (U.SA.). 
 
 Li (chem.), lithium. 
 
 liaison*, illicit connexion; 
 joining of words ; (Fr. 
 cook, f.), a thickening for 
 sauces, etc. (ital.). 
 
 iiantl (Fr.), fem. -e, flex- 
 ible, complying. 
 
 lib./, librarian, library ; — 
 cat., library catalogue. 
 
 lib,, liber (a book). 
 
 libel/*, -led*,-ler*,-ling*, 
 -lous*, not -&[&-, etc. 
 
 liber (Lat.), a book; abbr. 
 Ij., or lib. 
 
 Liberal/, abbr. L. ; — 
 Unionist, abbr. L.U. 
 (caps., no hyphen). 
 
 liberalize*, etc., «o^ -ise. 
 
 librja *, pound, pi. -as; abbr. 
 L., £, 1., lb., not Td, 
 lbs. {see also L.. or £). 
 
 librairle (Fr. m.), book- 
 seller; -ie (f.), book- 
 seller's shop. 
 
 librar/ian, -y; abbr. lib. 
 
 library, in Fr. f. biblio- 
 thhque. 
 
 librett/o* (It.), words of an 
 opera, etc. ;/)/.-i*(notital.). 
 
 libris (ex-)* (5. and pi.), 
 from the library of; a book- 
 plate (hyphen, not ital.). 
 
 librlo (It.), a book ; pi. -/. 
 
 Libyan desert. 
 
 licence* (noun), a permit. 
 
 lieens/e* (verb), to author- 
 ize ; -ing *. 
 
 licensed victualler*. 
 
 licentiate, abbr. L. 
 
 licet (Lat.), legal ; it is 
 allowed. 
 
 lichee, use litchi*. 
 
 Lichfield, Staffs {see also 
 Litch-). 
 
 lich-gate*, not ly-. 
 
 lichi, «5tf litchi*. 
 
 lickerish *, desirous, 
 
 greedy ; but liquorice. 
 
 216 
 
LICK — LINDSEY 
 
 Lick Observatory, Cali- 
 fornia. 
 
 licorice, use liquor- *. 
 
 Lie (J. L. E.), 1833-, 
 Norw. writer ; pron, lee. 
 
 Liebfraumilch, a hock ; 
 in Ger. Liebfrauen-. 
 
 Liebig (Justus, baron 
 von), 1803-73, chemist. 
 
 Liedj (Ger. n.), a song ; pi. 
 -er. 
 
 lief*, willingly, not leaf, 
 lieve. 
 
 Li^ge, Belgium, not Lie-. 
 
 Uegende Schrift (Ger. 
 typ. f.), italic type, use 
 Kursivschritt 
 
 lies (Ger.), read ; abbr. 1. 
 
 lieu*, — in lieu of— (not 
 ital.). 
 
 liea (Fr. m.), place. 
 
 lieue (Fr. f.), league. 
 
 Lieutenant/, abbr. Lt., or 
 
 Lieut. ; Colonel*, 
 
 abbr, Lt.-, or Lieut.- 
 Col. ; — Commander* 
 (U.S.) ; — -General, 
 abbr. Lt.-, or Lieut. - 
 Gen. ; — -Governor*, 
 abbr. Lt.-, or Lieut.- 
 Gov. (hyphens). 
 
 Uhvre (Fr. m.), hare. 
 
 life-assurance*, not — 
 insurance {see also as- 
 surance). 
 
 life/-boat*, — -guard*, 
 like* (hyphens). 
 
 lifelong* (one word). 
 
 life-size* (hyphen). 
 
 lifetime * (one word). 
 
 Lifford (Viscount). 
 
 ligature* (typ.), two or 
 more letters joined to- 
 gether and forming one 
 character or type, as a?, 
 ffi ; a monogram ; also a 
 stroke connecting two 
 letters (O.E.D.) {see also 
 8B [ligature]). 
 
 lighthouse* (one word). 
 
 Light Infantry, abbr. 
 L.I., or Lt. Inf. 
 
 lightning (naut.), abbr. 1. 
 
 lightship* (one word). 
 
 lignel (Fr. f.), a line; — 
 de iete (typ.), the run- 
 ning title. 
 
 Li Hung- Chang, 1823- 
 1901, Chinese statesman 
 (one hyphen). 
 
 likeable *, not lika-. 
 
 likin* {Chin.), transit duty, 
 not le-. 
 
 Lilford (Baron). 
 
 Liliput/, -ian, use Lilli- *. 
 
 lillibullero *, a song re- 
 frain, not the many varia- 
 tions (not ital.). 
 
 Lilliput/*, -ian*, not Lili- 
 (not ital.). 
 
 Lilly (W.), 1602-81, as- 
 trol. ; — (W. S.), 1840-, 
 writer. 
 
 Lily (W.), 1468-1522, 
 gram. 
 
 lily of the valley* (no 
 hyphen). 
 
 Hmande (Fr. f.), the dab- 
 fish. 
 
 limbo/*,/)/, -s (not ital.). 
 
 limbusj fatuorum (Lat.), 
 a fooPs paradise ; — in- 
 fantum*, the paradise 
 of infants ; — patfum*, 
 ditto of the fathers; — 
 piie/ion//n,thechildren's 
 paradise. 
 
 lime-kiln* (hyphen). 
 
 limelight * (one word). 
 
 limestone* (one word). 
 
 Limited, abbr. Ltd. 
 
 limy *, lime-like, not -ey. 
 
 lin., lineal, -ear. 
 
 Unable *, not -cable. 
 
 linament, use lini-*. 
 
 Lincei (Real© Accade- 
 mia dei, also Accade- 
 mia Romana dei 
 IsTuovi-), the Academy of 
 Rome. 
 
 Lincolnshire,abbr. Lines 
 (no point). 
 
 Lindl. (hot.), Lindley. 
 
 Lindsay (Earl of), fam- 
 ily name Bethune ; — 
 (Sir Coutts), 1824-. 
 
 Lindsey (Earl of), family 
 name Bertie. 
 
 217 
 
LINE — LITERA 
 
 line, abbr. 1. ; pi. 11. ; liny, 
 
 not -ey. 
 
 line/al, -ar, abbr. lin. 
 
 lineament *, a feature {see 
 also lini- *;. 
 
 linear paper, that with 
 water-mark lines to guide 
 handwriting. 
 
 line block (typ.), one in 
 which the various tones 
 are represented by lines. 
 
 linendraper/, -y* (one 
 word). 
 
 line-process block (typ.), 
 a direct photo relief 
 printing block in which 
 the image is formed by 
 lines. 
 
 lingerie* (Fr. f.), linen 
 goods (ital.). 
 
 Lingg (Hermann), 1820-, 
 Ger. poet. 
 
 lingua franca*, a mixed 
 jargon (not ital.). 
 
 liniment *, an embroca- 
 tion, not lina- {see also 
 linea-*). 
 
 lining paper* (binding^, 
 that inside the cover. 
 
 link, abbr. 1. 
 
 Iilnn/aean*, abbr.Iiinn.; but 
 -ean Society, London 
 (off. spelling); abbr. L.S. 
 
 IjinnaBus (Carolus), 
 1707-78, naturalist ; in 
 Sw. Carl von Iiiiin6; 
 abbr. L., or Linn. 
 
 linotype* (typ.), a machine 
 for casting lines or bars 
 of words, etc., as a sub- 
 stitute for type-setting by 
 hand. 
 
 linsey-"woolsey *, a fabric, 
 not linsy-, -wolsey. 
 
 liny*, full of lines, not-ey. 
 
 Lionardo da Vinci {see 
 Le-). 
 
 lionize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 Lions (Gulf of), in Fr. 
 golfe du Lion, not Lion, 
 Lyon, -s. 
 
 Lippi (Pra Filippo), 
 1 4 1 2-69 ; — ( Pilippino) , 
 1 460-1504, It. painters. 
 
 lipsalve* (one word). 
 
 liq., liquid, liquor. 
 
 lique/faction*, -fiable*, 
 -fy*, not liqui-. 
 
 liqueur * (not ital.). 
 
 liquid, abbr. liq. 
 
 liquidambar *, not -er 
 (one word, not ital.). 
 
 liquor on draught, not 
 draft. 
 
 liquorice*, not lie-. 
 
 liquorish,desirous,greedy, 
 use licker-*. 
 
 lir/a*. It. coin about ten- 
 pence Eng. ;/>/. -e*, abbr. 
 L. 
 
 Lisle (Baron), ^ro«. lei (5^* 
 also De Lisle). 
 
 lisse* (Fr. £), a silk 
 fabric. 
 
 lissom*, supple, not -e. 
 
 List (Priedrich), 1789- 
 1846, Ger. economist. 
 
 listen T^r what we expect ; 
 — to what we hear. 
 
 Liszt (Abbe Pranz), 
 181 1-86, pianist. 
 
 lit., litre, literal, -ly, liter- 
 ary, literature. 
 
 Litchfield, Hants, also 
 Connecticut, U.S.A. {see 
 also Lich-). 
 
 litchi*, «o/the many varia- 
 tions (not ital.). 
 
 Lit.D. Literarunt Doctor 
 (Doctor of Letters) {see 
 also D.Lit., Litt.D.). 
 
 lite pendente (Lat.), dur- 
 ing the trial. 
 
 liter/al, -ally, -ary, 
 -ature ; abbr. lit. 
 
 literalize*, etc., to render 
 literal, not -ise. 
 
 literal* (typ.), a literal 
 error : those of the com- 
 positor in substituting 
 one character for another, 
 including ''turns,'' 
 
 " wrong founts," and 
 defective types ; not le-, 
 lett-. 
 
 litera scripts manet 
 (Lat), the written word 
 remains. 
 
 ai8 
 
LITEKATI — lili.B. 
 
 Uteratji*, the learned as 
 
 a class ; stttg. 
 
 not 
 
 -us, litt- 
 
 Uteratim* (Lat.), letter 
 for letter. 
 
 literature, in Fr. f. litti- 
 rature, in Gar. f. Litte- 
 ratar, 
 
 Xjith., Lithuanian. 
 
 lithium*, symbol Li. 
 
 lithography*, printing 
 from smooth porous stone; 
 abbr. litho. 
 
 lithotype*, stereo made 
 with composition pressed 
 while hot into a plaster 
 mould taken from type. 
 
 liit.Huin., Liieras Human- 
 tores. 
 
 litigious *. 
 
 LitolfF (Henry), music 
 publisher, Paris. 
 
 litre*, -22 gaK, or 1*76 pint, 
 not -er ; abbr. 1., or lit. 
 (not ital.). 
 
 Ijitt.D., Literarunt Doctor 
 (Doctor of Letters, Camb., 
 and T.C.D.), not D.Lit. 
 (Doctor of Literature) 
 {see also Lit.D.). 
 
 nttirateur* (Fr.m.),aliter- 
 ary man. 
 
 mteratiy use Ute-\ 
 
 Litteratur (Ger. f.), litera- 
 ture (cap.}. 
 
 llttSrature (Fr. f.), litera- 
 ture. 
 
 Iiittle-^o*, "The Previous 
 Exammation " at Cam- 
 bridge, and T.C.D. (cap., 
 hyphen, not ital.). 
 
 Littlehampton, Sussex 
 (one w^ord). 
 
 Little Peddlington, ima- 
 ginary place (two d^s). 
 
 Littleton, family name of 
 Baron Hatherton (see also 
 L3rttelton). 
 
 Littletown, Dur, Yorks 
 (one word). 
 
 Littr6 (M. P. E.), 1801- 
 81, Fr. lexicog. 
 
 liturg., liturgies, -ical, 
 
 -y- 
 
 Liukiu, use Loochoo. 
 
 //v. (Fr.), livre (m. book, 
 f. pound). 
 
 liveable *, not liva-. 
 
 Liver/politan, -pud- 
 lian*, inhab, of Liver- 
 pool. 
 
 live stock* (two words). 
 
 Livingston, well-known 
 Amer. family. 
 
 Livingstone (David), 
 i8i3-73> traveller (see also 
 Le-). 
 
 llvraison* (Fr. f.), a part 
 of a work published by 
 instalments. 
 
 livre (Fr. m.), book; (f.) 
 pound; abbr. L., or 
 liv. 
 
 liv, st, (Fr.), livre sterling 
 (pound sterling). 
 
 L. J., Lord Justice ; L. JJ., 
 Lords Justices. 
 
 L.K.Q.C.P.I., Licentiate 
 of the King and Queen's 
 College of Physicians, 
 Ireland, now L.R.C.P.I. 
 
 LL.*, of laws; L.L., late-, 
 law-, or Low-, Latin, 
 Lord- Lieutenant, -s. 
 
 11., leaves, lines, leges 
 (laws) ; (typ.) this abbr. 
 not to end a line. 
 
 -11 (words ending in), fol- 
 lowed by -ful, -ly, -ness, 
 usually omit one /. 
 
 L.L.A., Lady Literate in 
 Arts (St. Andrews Uni- 
 versity). 
 
 LL.AA.II. (Fr. f.), Leurs 
 Altesses Intperiales (Their 
 Imperial Highnesses) ; 
 LL.AA.mi., Leurs 
 
 Altesses Royales (Their 
 Royal Highnesses). 
 
 llama*, S.Amer. rumi- 
 nant, not la- {see aho 
 lama). 
 
 Llandeilo Group (geol.) 
 (caps.). 
 
 llano*, S.Amer. plains. 
 
 LL.B.* (Lat.), Legum 
 Baccalaureus (Bachelor 
 of Laws) (two points 
 
 ai9 
 
LIi.D. — LOCUS 
 
 only) ; IiIi.D.*, Legum 
 Doctor (Doctor of Laws) 
 (two points only) ; 
 IjIj.ee. (Fr. f.), Leurs 
 Excellences (Their Excel- 
 lencies) ; Ijlj.ifi:^. (Fr. f.), 
 Leurs Eminences (Their 
 Eminences). 
 
 Llewelsm, Welsh name, 
 not -ellyn, ellynn. 
 
 Xj.Xi.I., Lord-Lieutenant of 
 Ireland; L.LL. (Amer.), 
 Licentiate in Laws ; 
 IjIj.M., Legum Magister 
 (Master of Laws) ; 
 LL.MM. (Fr.), Leurs 
 Majestes (Their Majes- 
 ties). 
 
 Lloyd (Norddeutscher), 
 the North-German Lloyd 
 Steamship Co. (two 
 words) ; abbr. N.D.L. 
 
 Lloyds, the bankers (no 
 apos.). 
 
 Lloyd's/, the association of 
 underwriters, not -s' ; — 
 marks, in order of merit, 
 for wooden ships, Al, 
 Al (in red), ^, and E; 
 for iron or steel, 100 Al, 
 80 A 1, 80 A 1 {see also 
 Loyd). 
 
 L.M. (Amer.), Licentiate 
 in Medicine, ditto in Mid- 
 wifery ; long metre ; /. yW. 
 (Ger.), laufenden Monats 
 (of the current month) ; 
 L.M.D., long metre 
 double ; L.M.S., Lon- 
 don Missionary Society. 
 
 LXl (electricity), the legal 
 ohm. 
 
 loadstar, use lodestar* 
 (one word). 
 
 loadstone*, not lode- (one 
 word). 
 
 load - water - line * (hy- 
 phens) ; abbr. L.W.L. 
 
 Loanda, W. Afr., not St. 
 Paul de — . 
 
 loath*, averse, not loth. 
 
 loathe*, to hate. 
 
 Lobanov (Prince), not 
 -of, -off. 
 
 ** Lobgesang," song of 
 praise by Mendelssohn, 
 1840. 
 
 lobscouse*, a sailor's dish. 
 
 lob-worm* (hyphen). 
 
 local (Fr. m.), a place, 
 premises. 
 
 locale, erron. for local* 
 (O.E.D.). 
 
 localize*, not -ise. 
 
 located, placed or situated 
 preferred. 
 
 loc. cit., loco citato (in the 
 place cited) (not ital.). 
 
 loch, Scotch lake, not -ck. 
 
 Lochalsh, Ross; Lochow 
 (it's a far cry to) ; Loch 
 Awe, Argyl ; Loch- 
 eamhead, Perth ; 
 
 Lochgilphead, Argyl ; 
 Lochleven, Kinross ; 
 Lochnagar, mountain 
 in Aberdeen (one word). 
 
 Lock/e(John), 1632-1704, 
 philos. ; -ian*, not -ean. 
 
 lock-jaw* (hyphen). 
 
 lock-out*, employers' 
 
 strike; pi. lock-outs* 
 (hyphen). 
 
 locksmith* (one word). 
 
 lock-up* (hyphen). 
 
 Lockwood (Crosby) & 
 Son, publishers, London. 
 
 loco*, locomotive. 
 
 locojiLaX.), in the place ; — 
 citato, ditto cited, abbr. 
 I.e., or loc. cit. (not ital.) ; 
 — laudato, ditto cited 
 with approval, abbr. loc. 
 laud. ; — supra citato, 
 in the place before cited, 
 abbr. l.s.c. (not ital.). 
 
 locum/-tenency * (hy- 
 phen) ; — tenens*, a 
 substitute,/)/. — tenentes 
 (not ital.). 
 
 locjus (Lat.), a written pas- 
 sage, a curve, pi. 'I; locusi 
 cltatUS, the passage 
 quoted ; — classlCUS *, 
 an authoritative passage 
 from a standard book, pi. 
 loci classlcl; — com- 
 munis*, a common- 
 
LOCUS — LOQUITUR 
 
 place ; lOCUS delicti, the 
 
 place of a crime ; — 
 in quo*, the place in 
 which ; — pwnitentias*, 
 
 a place of repentance ; 
 — sigilliy the place of 
 the seal, abbr. L.S. ; — 
 standi, recognized posi- 
 tion, (law) right to appear. 
 
 lodestar*, not load-. 
 
 lodestone, use load- *. 
 
 lodg/e*, -eable*, -ment, 
 -ing*. 
 
 lodging-house * (hy- 
 
 phen). 
 
 loess *(geol.),wo^loess,10ss. 
 
 Lofoten Isles, Norway, 
 not -den, -ffoden. 
 
 log., logarithm. 
 
 logan-stone*, «o/loggan-, 
 logging-. 
 
 Logau (Friedrich von), 
 1604-55, Ger. poet. 
 
 log-book* (hyphen). 
 
 loge*, a theatre stall (not 
 ital.) 
 
 loggia/* (It.), a gallery; pi 
 -s*. 
 
 logijon*, a religious maxim ; 
 pi. -a*. 
 
 logomachize, not -ise. 
 
 logotype* (typ.), several 
 letters, or a word, cast 
 on one body, as ''Co.," 
 "Road," for printing a 
 directory, etc. 
 
 log-roll/*, -er*, -ing* 
 (hyphens). 
 
 Loire, Fr. river, also dep. ; 
 
 Haute , dep. ; Loire - 
 
 Inferieure, dep. 
 
 LoiF-et-Cher, Fr. dep. 
 
 lollipop*, a sweetmeat, not 
 lolly-. 
 
 Lombroso (Cesare), 
 1836-, criminologist. 
 
 London., sig. of present 
 Bp. of London, not -in. 
 (full point). 
 
 London/, abbr. L., or 
 Lond. ; — Apprentice, 
 town in Cornwall ; — 
 County Council/, -lor, 
 abbr. L.C.C. 
 
 long., longitude. 
 
 longe, use lu- *. 
 
 Jonge (Fr. cook, f.), loin. 
 
 longeval*, «o/-aeval. 
 
 Longfellow (Henry 
 
 "Wadsworth, not 
 
 Words-), 1807-82, poet. 
 
 Longford (Earl of). 
 
 long-hand*, ordinary 
 
 handwriting (hyphen). 
 
 Long Island, U.S.A.; 
 abbr. L.I. 
 
 longitude, abbr. long. 
 
 long/ letter (typ.), a, e, 
 etc. ; — mark*, that placed 
 over the long letter : the 
 macron. 
 
 Longmynd Group (geol.) 
 (caps.). 
 
 lottgo Intervallo (Lat.), 
 at a long interval. 
 
 long page (typ.), one 
 having a line or lines 
 
 • more than its companion 
 pages. 
 
 long primer (typ.), a size 
 of type as this, 7 j^ lines 
 to the inch, gj^ point, 
 J>ron. — primer (two 
 words) ; abbr. l.p. 
 
 long run (in the)* (two 
 words). 
 
 Longships, lighthouse off 
 Cornwall. 
 
 long-shore*, but long- 
 shoreman * (no apos.). 
 
 long vowel (typ.), a, e, etc. 
 
 long/ways*, -wise* (one 
 word). 
 
 Loochoo Islands, Japan 
 (one word); not Lew- 
 Chew, Liukiu, Riukiu. 
 
 looking-glass* (hyphen). 
 
 look/ out*, pi. — outs* 
 (two words). 
 
 loophole* (one word). 
 
 loosestrife * (bot.) (one 
 word). 
 
 loping*, with long strides, 
 7tot lope-. 
 
 lop-sided* (hyphen). 
 
 loquitur {Lat.), he, or she, 
 speaks ; abbr. loq. 
 
IiORALAI — LPZ. 
 
 Loralai, near Quetta {see 
 also Lorelei). 
 
 lord, abbr. Ld. 
 
 Lord/- Advocate of Scot- 
 land, abbr. L.A.S. ; — 
 Chamberlain, — Chan - 
 cellor, abbr. L.C. ; — 
 Chief Baron, abbr. 
 L.C.B. ; — Chief Jus- 
 tice, abbr. L.C.J. ; — 
 Justice*, abbr. L.J., pi. 
 L. JJ.; — Lieutenant*, 
 
 pi. S* (hyphen), abbr. 
 
 L.L.; — Mayor* (two 
 words, caps.); — of hosts, 
 — of lords, as Deity (one 
 cap.); — Privy Seal, 
 abbr. L.P.S. ; — Pro- 
 vost, abbr. L.P. 
 
 Lord's Cricket Ground, 
 London (apos.). 
 
 Lord's Day (caps.). 
 
 lordship, abbr. Ldp. 
 
 Lord's/ Prayer, — Sup- 
 per, — Table (caps.). 
 
 Lorelei, on Rhine, not -ey, 
 Lurlei {see also Loralai). 
 
 Lorenzo, see Louren90. 
 
 Loreto, Peru. 
 
 Lor/etto, N.E. Italy, proper- 
 ly -eto ; also Sjot. school. 
 
 lorgnette * (Fr. f.), opera- 
 glass, or pair of eye- 
 glasses with long handle. 
 
 loris*, the Ceylon sloth, not 
 lori, lory. 
 
 lorry*, a wagon, noi lu-. 
 
 lory*, one of the parrots. 
 
 Los Angeles, California. 
 
 loss (geol.), «s^ loess*. 
 
 lota*, Hindu brass water- 
 pot, not lotah, -oote, loto. 
 
 Lot-et- Garonne, dep. Fr. 
 
 loth, averse, use loath*. 
 
 Loti (Pierre), pen-name 
 of Julien Viaud, 1850-, 
 Fr. writer. 
 
 loto, Ms^lota*. 
 
 lotus-eater*, noi lotos-. 
 
 Lou., erroneous for La. 
 (Louisiana). 
 
 Loudoun (Earl of). 
 
 Louisiana, U.S.A. ; off. 
 abbr. La. 
 
 Louis Philippe, 1773- 
 1850, Fr. king. 
 
 Louis/- Quatorze*, 1643- 
 1715; — Quinze*,i7i5- 
 74; — -Seize*, 1774-93; 
 — -Treize*, 1610-43 
 (Louis XIV, XV, XVI, 
 XIII), artstyles (hyphens). 
 
 loukoum (Gr., Turk.), 
 national sweetmeat. 
 
 loung/e*, -ing. 
 
 lour*, to frown, not lower. 
 
 Lourenco Marques, S.E. 
 Afr., not Lorenzo — . 
 
 louver*, shutters, venti- 
 lators, not -re. 
 
 lovable*, not -cable. 
 
 '•Love's Labour's 
 
 Lost," Shakespeare, 
 
 1598 (two apos.). 
 
 Low Church *, Low- 
 Churchman (caps., hy- 
 phen). 
 
 Low (Sampson), Mars- 
 ton, & Co., publishers, 
 London. 
 
 Lowe (Robert), 181 1-92, 
 Viscount Sherbrooke ; — 
 (Sir Hudson), 1769- 
 1844, custodian of Napo- 
 leon at St. Helena. 
 
 lower, to frown, use lour*. 
 
 low^er-case letters (typ.), 
 the small ones, as a b c, 
 not caps., or s.caps. ; abbr. 
 I.e. (5^^a/5o capitaliza- 
 tion.) 
 
 Low Sunday*, first after 
 Easter (caps.). 
 
 low water* (two words). 
 
 low-water mark (hy- 
 phen). • 
 
 Loyd (Lady Mary), 
 writer(s^^a/5oLloyd/,-s), 
 
 Loyson (Charles), 1827-, 
 "Pere Hyacinthe." 
 
 L.P., large-paper copies of 
 a book. Lord Provost, 
 (paper) large post; l.p., 
 low pressure, (typ.) long 
 primer type ; L.P.M., 
 long peculiar metre ; 
 L.P.S., Lord Privy Seal; 
 Lpz., Leipzig. 
 
L.R.C. — LYAIiL 
 
 Ij.R.C., Labour Represen- 
 tation Committee, Lon- 
 don Rowing Club ; 
 Ij.R.C.P., Licentiate of 
 the Royal College of Phy- 
 sicians ; Ii.R.C.P.E., 
 ditto of Edinburgh ; 
 L.R.C.P.I., ditto of 
 Ireland; L.R.C.S., 
 
 Licentiate of the Royal 
 College of Surgeons ; 
 L.R.C.S.E., ditto of 
 Edinburgh ; L.R.C.S.I., 
 ditto of Ireland; 
 
 L.II.C.V.S., Licentiate 
 of the Royal College of 
 Veterinary Surgeons. 
 
 Ii.S., Lir 
 
 Society, 
 
 locus sigilli (the place 
 of the seal) ; I.S., left 
 side ; L.S.A., Licentiate 
 of the Society of Apothe- 
 caries ; Ij.S.B., London 
 School Board; Ii.S.C, 
 London Society of Com- 
 positors ; l.s.C, loco 
 supra citato (in the place 
 before cited); L.S.D.*, 
 librse, solidi, denarii 
 (pounds, shillings, and 
 pence) ; £ s. d. (typ.) 
 see punctuation, XXI, 
 
 3- 
 
 Ii.T., Lira Turca (Turk, 
 pound) ; Lt., Lieutenant ; 
 L.T. & S.R., London, Til- 
 bury, and Southend Rail- 
 way ; Lt.-Col., Lieu- 
 tenant-Colonel ; Ltd., 
 Limited ; Lt.-Qen., Lieu- 
 tenant-General ; L.Th., 
 Licentiate of Theology 
 (Durham); Lt.Inf., Light 
 Infantry. 
 
 (L.U.), Liberal Unionist. 
 
 Lucan*, of St. Luke, not 
 Luk-. 
 
 Lucerne, in German 
 Luzern. 
 
 lucerne*, a plant, not 
 -ern. 
 
 "Lucile," by Lytton, 
 i860, not -lie. 
 
 Lucknow, Oudh, India, 
 
 lucas a non lucendo 
 
 (Lat.), approx. inconse- 
 quent or illogical. 
 Luggnagg, island in 
 
 '* Gulliver s Travels." 
 lug-sail* (hyphen). 
 luis, use le"wis *. 
 Luke (St.) (New T.), not 
 
 to be abbreviated ; adj. 
 
 Lucan, not Luk-. 
 lukewarm/ *, -ness *, 
 
 tepid (one word). 
 lumbar* (anat.), of the 
 
 loins. 
 lumjen* (an&t.^j an open- 
 ing; pi. -ina*. 
 lumine sicco {in) (Lat), 
 
 disinterestedly, 
 lunch*, " a more colloq. 
 
 synonym of luncheon. 
 
 Now the usual word, 
 
 except in specially formal 
 
 use " (O.E.D.). 
 lunge*, long rope for 
 
 exercising horses, not Ic-. 
 lupine* (bot.), not -in. 
 Lurlei, use Lorelei. 
 "Lusiad (The),** by 
 
 Camoens, 1572. 
 Lusitania, Portugal. 
 lustlium *, a five-year 
 
 period ; pi. -a *. 
 lusus naturae* (Lat.), a 
 
 freak of nature ; pi. same. 
 Luth., Lutheran, 
 luxe (Edition de)* (Fr.), 
 
 a sumptuous edition (not 
 
 ital.) ; train de luxe*, 
 
 luxurious railway train. 
 Luxembourg, Gardens 
 
 and Palace, Paris. 
 Luxemburg, Belgium, 
 
 also Grand Duchy of — . 
 Luzern, German for 
 
 Lucerne. 
 L.V. (elec), legal volt. 
 L.W.L., load-water-line. 
 L.W.O.S.T., Low Water 
 
 Ordinary Spring Tides. 
 LXX*, the Septuagint, 
 
 seventy (no points). 
 Lyall (Sir Alfred C), 
 
 1835-, writer; —(Edna\ 
 
 pen-name of Miss A. E. 
 
 223 
 
liYAIiL — Ii.-ZUG 
 
 Bayly, 1858- 1902 ; Lyall 
 (W. R., Dean), 1788- 
 1857, writer (see also 
 LyeU). 
 
 Iyc6e* (Fr. m.), higher 
 secondary school. 
 
 lychee, use Mtchi*. 
 
 lych-gate, use lich *. 
 
 lyddite *, an explosive 
 (two d^s). 
 
 Lyell (Sir Charles), 
 1797-1875, geologist {see 
 also Lyall). 
 
 lying-in*, childbed (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 Lyly (John), 1554-1606, 
 the Euphuist. 
 
 lynch lavvr *, not-s, Linch's 
 (two words). 
 
 Lynds/ay, -ey, see Li-. 
 
 iyjiKl*,pl. -es*. 
 
 Lyon King-of-Arms*, 
 
 chief Scottish herald. 
 Lyonnais (Cr6dit), Fr. 
 
 banking corporation. 
 Lyons, in Fr. Lyon {see 
 
 also Lions), 
 lyr., lyric. 
 
 lysin* (chem.), mo^ -ine. 
 Lyte (Henry F.), 1793- 
 
 1847, hymn-writer ; — 
 
 (Sir H. C. Maxwell-), 
 
 1 848-, writer. 
 Lyttelton, family name of 
 
 Viscount Cobham, also 
 
 town in New Zealand {see 
 
 also Littleton). 
 Lyveden (Baron), pron. 
 
 llv'dn. 
 L.-Zug (Ger. mS), Luxus- 
 
 Zug (a luxurious railway 
 
 train). 
 
 224 
 
L NOTES 
 
 aat, 15 
 
L NOTES 
 
 936 
 
M. — MACaiLLICUDDY'S 
 
 M 
 
 M., Majesty, Marquess, 
 member, middle, militia, 
 Monday, the twelfth in 
 a series, all proper names 
 with this initial, (Fr.) 
 main (hand), mtlle (a 
 thousand), Monsieur, 
 
 ( Ger. ) mark— about a shil- 
 ling, (It.) ntano (hand), 
 mezzjo, -a{ha\{),{L&t.)ma- 
 gister (master), medicitix 
 (of medicine), metro- 
 nome, (paper) medium 
 quality. 
 
 M, looo (no point). 
 
 M*, see Mae. 
 
 m., male, married, mas- 
 culine, meridian, -ional, 
 metre, -s, mile, -s, mill, 
 minute, -s, month, -s, 
 moon, (Lat.) tneridies 
 (noon), (mech.) mass, 
 (naut.) mist. 
 
 m/ (Fr.), mois (month). 
 
 V\ , minim (drop). 
 
 H (Gr. m.), micromillimetre 
 (the millionth of a milli- 
 metre), micron (ditto 
 metre), (math.) modu- 
 lus, (phys.) symbol 
 for magnetic permea- 
 bility. 
 
 M.A., Magister Artiunt 
 (Master of Arts), Military 
 Academy. 
 
 ma (It.), but. 
 
 ma. (elec), milliampere. 
 
 m/a (book-keeping), my 
 account. 
 
 ma'am, see m.adain. 
 
 Maartens (Maarten), 
 pen-name of van der 
 Poorten Schwartz, 1858-, 
 Dutch writer. 
 
 Maastricht, not Maes-. 
 
 M.A.B., Metropolitan 
 
 Asylums Board. 
 
 M.A.B.Y.S., Metropolitan 
 
 t 
 
 Association for Befriend- 
 ing Young Servants. 
 
 Mac (the prefix), spelling 
 depends upon custom of 
 the one bearing the name, 
 and this must be fol- 
 lowed, as: — MacDonald, 
 Macdonald, McDonald, 
 M'^Donald, M'Donald. 
 (The turned comma is 
 usual here, not the apos.) 
 In alphabetical arrange- 
 ment it should, however 
 spelt, be placed under Mac. 
 
 macabre (danse) (Fr. f.), 
 not macaber, machabree. 
 
 macaco*, a monkey, not 
 -acco, -auco. 
 
 macadamize *,«o/-ise {not 
 cap.). 
 
 macarism*, blessing, not 
 mak-. 
 
 maoaron/i*, «o/macc-; pi. 
 -ies*. 
 
 maca'w*, a parrot, not 
 macao, maccaw. 
 
 Mace. (1, 2), Maccabees 
 I, II. 
 
 Maecabean, of the Macca- 
 bees, not -baean. 
 
 MoCall (R. A.), 1849-, 
 barrister (not M'-). 
 
 Macohiavelli, use 
 
 Mach-. 
 
 macooboy*,ascented snuff, 
 not the many varia- 
 tions. 
 
 MaccoU (Canon Mal- 
 colm), 1838-1907, writer. 
 
 Maeeulloch (J.), 1773- 
 1835, geologist. 
 
 M«Culloch (J. R.)» 
 1 789-1864, econ. 
 
 Maeed., Macedonian. 
 
 macidoine (Fr. cook, f.), 
 mixed fruit. 
 
 Maegillicuddy*s Reeks, 
 mountains in Kerry. 
 
 aa7 
 
 15 
 
MACGREGOR — MAESTRICHT 
 
 MacGregor, fam. name of 
 Rob Roy. 
 
 machairodus*, sabre- 
 toothed lion, not machae-. 
 
 ma cbkre (Fr. f.), my 
 dear. 
 
 Machiavell/i (Nicold), 
 1469-1527, Italian writer, 
 not Macch- ; -ism*, not 
 -ianism. 
 
 macbina (Lat.), a machine; 
 pron. ma'ki-na. 
 
 maohineful*, not -full 
 
 machinize *, etc., not -ise. 
 
 Machpelah, burial-place 
 of Abraham, «o/Macp-. 
 
 maointosh, a waterproof, 
 but mack-*. 
 
 MoKinley (William), 
 1843-1901, Amer. Pres. 
 1896-1901. 
 
 mackle* (typ.), blurred 
 from defective printing, 
 not made, macule {set also 
 macle). 
 
 Maolaren (Ian), pen- 
 name of Rev. Dr. John 
 Watson, 1850-, writer. 
 
 made* (mineral.) {see also 
 mackle). 
 
 Maclean (Very Rev. 
 A. J.), 1858-, writer; 
 pron. mak-lan'. 
 
 Maoleane (Rev. D.), 
 1 856-, writer ; pron. 
 mak-lan'. 
 
 MacXjehose & Sons, pub- 
 lishers, Glasgow ; pron. 
 mak'le-hOz. 
 
 Macleod,MacLeod,/>ro«. 
 mak-loud'. 
 
 MacMahon (M. E. P. 
 M. de), 1808-93, Fr. 
 President 1873-9; — 
 (Major P. A.), 1854-, 
 mathematician. 
 
 Macmillan & Co., Ltd., 
 publishers, London, not 
 
 Macon, Georgia, U.S.A. 
 Ma,con, dep. Sadne-et- 
 
 Loire ; also a. Burgundy, 
 
 not -9on. 
 inacrani6* lace, «o/ mi. 
 
 828 
 
 macrocosm*, the great 
 
 world {see also mi-\ 
 macron*, the long mark 
 
 over a vowel, as a. 
 macroscopic*, visible to 
 
 the naked eye. 
 macrurous* (zool.), long 
 
 tailed, not raacrourous. 
 Macsycophant (Sir 
 
 Pertinax), in Macklin's 
 
 "Man of the World." 
 macuija* (Lat.), a spot; pi. 
 
 -as*. 
 macule, use mackle*. 
 madam*, pi. -s, abbr. 
 
 Mad. ; colloq. abbr. *m, 
 
 ma*am, marm, m*m, 
 
 mum. 
 Madame*, abbr. Mme,Mo/ 
 
 Mdme ; pi. Mesdames*, 
 
 abbr. Mmes (in Fr. no 
 
 point after abbrs.). 
 Madcben (Ger. n.), girl ; 
 
 pi. same (cap.). 
 Madeley, Staffs. 
 Mademoiselle *, abbr. 
 
 Mile, not Mdlle ; pi. 
 
 Mesdemoiselles *,abbr. 
 
 Miles, not Mdlles (in Fr. 
 
 no point after abbrs. ). 
 tnaddre (Fr. m.), Madeira 
 
 wine. 
 Madley, Hereford. 
 Madonna *,theVirginMary 
 
 (cap.). 
 madonna (It.), my lady, 
 
 madam (in 3rd person 
 
 only, not cap.). 
 marfrasaZi* (I nd.), a school 
 
 or college, not the many 
 
 variations. 
 Madras Staff Corps, 
 
 abbr. M.S.C. 
 madregal *,afish,«o/ med-. 
 madrigal*, a part-song. 
 Mad. Univ., Madison Uni- 
 versity, U. S. A. ;Madras — . 
 Maecenas/ *, a patron of the 
 
 arts, not Me- ; pi. -es*. 
 maelstrom *, not mal-. 
 Maenad*/, a priestess of 
 
 Bacchus, not Me- ; pi. -a. 
 Maestricht, Holland, usc 
 
 Maas-. 
 
MAESTRO — MAIDAN 
 
 maestrjo* (It. mus.), 
 master, composer ; pi. -/. 
 
 Maeterlinck (Maurice), 
 1864-, writer. 
 
 Mafia*, It. secret society. 
 
 tna foil (Fr.) upon my 
 word ! 
 
 Mag., Magyar. 
 
 inag.,magazine,magnetism. 
 
 Maga*, colloq. for "Black- 
 wood's Magazine." 
 
 magasin dej modes (Fr. 
 m.), dressmaker's shop ; 
 nouveautSs, linen- 
 draper's — , not — des — . 
 
 inagazine, abbr. mag. 
 
 magazines (titles of) 
 (typ.), when cited, to be 
 roman double-quoted. 
 
 magdalen*, an asylum, a 
 reformed prostitute. 
 
 Magdalen College, Ox- 
 ford, proM. maud'lin; abbr. 
 Magd. 
 
 Magdalene College, Cam- 
 bridge, pron. maud'lin ; 
 abbr. Magd. 
 
 Magendie (Fran9ois), 
 1783-1855, French phy- 
 siol. (see also Maj-). 
 
 maggot*, a grub {see also 
 magot). 
 
 Magheramorne(Baron), 
 proH. mar'a-morn. 
 
 magilp, artists' medium, 
 use megilp *. 
 
 tn agister* (Lat. m.), mas- 
 ter,abbr.M.;— art/ll^*, 
 Master of Arts, abbr. 
 M.A. ; — Chlrurgias, 
 ditto Surgery, M.Ch. 
 
 magistrand*, fourth-year 
 student in Sc. university. 
 
 magma/*, a mass; pi. -s. 
 
 Magna Charta*, not — 
 Carta ; pron. — kar'ta. 
 
 magna est Veritas et 
 prmvalet (Lat.), great is 
 truth and it prevails ; 
 ditto prsevalebit, ditto 
 will prevail. 
 
 magnesium*,symbolMg*. 
 
 magnetize*, «o/ -ise. 
 
 magnif/y *, -ied*, -ying*. 
 
 magnifying glass* (two 
 words). 
 
 magnum *, a reputed two- 
 quart wine bottle. 
 
 magnum bonum*, a com- 
 mon trade name (two 
 words, not ital.). 
 
 magnjum opjus * ( Lat.),an 
 author's chief work ; pi. 
 -a -era. 
 
 magot*, ape, also Chin, or 
 Jap. figure {see also mag- 
 got). 
 
 M.Agr. (Amer.), Master of 
 Agriculture. 
 
 magi us*, a wise man ; pi. 
 -/*; but the Magi (cap.). 
 
 Magyar*, dominant race 
 in Hungary, also an Hun- 
 garian ; pron. ma'dyor ; 
 abbr. Mag. 
 
 magyarize*, etc., wo/ -ise. 
 
 " Mahabharata/* Indian 
 epic, accent on third 
 syllable. 
 
 Mahame/dan, -tan, use 
 Mohammedan *. 
 
 Mahan (Capt. A. T.), 
 1840-, Amer. naval writer; 
 pron. ma-han'. 
 
 Mahara/jah*, noi-ja, Ind. 
 title; pron. ma-ha-rah'ja ; 
 /em. -nee*, not -ni. 
 
 mahaut, use mahout*. 
 
 mahlstick, painter's hand- 
 rest, «5^maul-*. 
 
 mahlstrom, use mael- *. 
 
 Mahom/ed, -et, -edan, 
 -etan,M5^Mohammed*, 
 -an*. 
 
 mahout*, elephant-driver, 
 not -aut. 
 
 Mahratta*, Ind. race, not 
 Maratha, Marhatta. 
 
 Mahratti*, Indian dialect. 
 
 mahseer*, large fresh- 
 water fish, not the many 
 variations. 
 
 mahwa*, E. Indian tree, 
 not the many variations. 
 
 M.A.I., Member of the 
 Anthropological Institute. 
 
 maidan* (Ind., Pers.), an 
 esplanade, not -aun. 
 
 229 
 
MAIDENHAIR — MALENTENDU 
 
 maidenhair* (bot.) (one 
 word). 
 
 maieutic*, helping child- 
 birth. 
 
 maigre * day (R.C.C.), one 
 when no flesh is eaten. 
 
 mailable* (U.S.A.), cap- 
 able of being sent by mail. 
 
 mala] (Fr. f.), a hand, also 
 a quire, abbr. M. : — 
 droite, right hand, abbr. 
 M.D. ; — gauche, left — , 
 M.Q. 
 
 Maine, U.S.A. 
 
 offic. 
 
 abbr. Me. 
 
 Maine-et-IiOire, dep. Fr. 
 (hyphens). 
 
 Maine Liquor Law, 
 U.S.A. 
 
 mainprize*, not -ise. 
 
 main/sail*, -spring* (one 
 word). 
 
 Mainwaring, pron. man'- 
 ering. 
 
 Mainiz amRhein, Ger. for 
 Mayence on theEMne. 
 
 maisonj d* arret (Fr. f.), 
 prison ; — de cam- 
 pagne, country house ; 
 — de santif private 
 asylum ; — de vllle, 
 guildhall ; — gartlie, fur- 
 nished house. 
 
 maisonnette*, a small 
 house. 
 
 mai/re/, title of Fr. advocate, 
 abbr. M^ ; — d' hotel* 
 (Fr. ro.), house steward ; 
 k la , plainly pre- 
 pared with parsley (no 
 hyphen). 
 
 mattresse (Fr. f.), mis- 
 tress. 
 
 maiuscolla (It. typ.), cap- 
 ital letter; -etto, small 
 capital letter. 
 
 Maj., Major. 
 
 Majendie (Sir V. D.), 
 1836-98, Inspector of Ex- 
 plosives {see also Mag-). 
 
 Majeste (Sa) (Fr. f.), His, 
 orHer,Majesty,«o/5o« — . 
 
 Majesty.abbr.M. ; />/.MM. 
 
 major-domo *, a house 
 
 steward (hyphen); in It. 
 maggiordomo. 
 
 Major/, abbr. Maj.; — 
 -General (caps., hy- 
 phen), abbr. Maj.-Gen. 
 
 mijuscullae (Lat.), capital 
 letters ; in Fr. f. -es. 
 
 makarism, use maca- *. 
 
 make-believe* (hyphen). 
 
 make even (typ.), in com- 
 posing, the last word of 
 a "take" of copy to end a 
 full line ; same as end even. 
 
 makeshift* (one word). 
 
 make-up* (typ.), arrange- 
 ment of matter into pages. 
 
 make-weight* (hyphen). 
 
 Mai., Malachi, Malayan. 
 
 malac, malacology. 
 
 maladdress*, awkward- 
 ness (one word, not ital.) ; 
 in Fr. f, maladresse 
 (ital.). 
 
 malade imaginaire (Fr. 
 m.), imaginary invalid. 
 
 maladroit* (not ital.). 
 
 /na/a//yde*(Lat.),treacher- 
 ously; — fides*, bad 
 faith; mala in se (Lat.), 
 acts which are intrinsic- 
 ally wrong. 
 
 Malagasy*, native of 
 Madagascar. 
 
 malaise* (Fr. m.), discom- 
 fort. 
 
 mala praxis* (Lat.), bad 
 management 
 
 Malaprop (Mrs.), in 
 "The Rivals" by Sheri- 
 dan, 1775. 
 
 malapropos*, unseason- 
 ably ; inFr. malapropos. 
 
 Malayan, abbr. Mai. 
 
 malcontent*, not male-. 
 
 mal del mer* (Fr. m.), 
 
 sea-sickness; iBie 
 
 (m.), headache. 
 
 Maiden, Surrey. 
 
 mal du pays (Fr. m.), 
 home-sickness. 
 
 male, abbr. m., (bot., zool.) 
 sign i. 
 
 malentendu (Fr. m.), 
 mistake (one word). 
 
 230 
 
MAL ENTENDU - MANHATTAN 
 
 tnal entendu (Fr.), mis- 
 understood (two words). 
 
 Malesherbes (C. G. de 
 Ij. de), 1721-94, Fr. 
 statesman {see also Mal- 
 herbe). 
 
 Malet (Lucas), pen-name 
 of Mrs. M.St. L. Harrison. 
 
 malgrSj* (Fr.), in spite of; 
 — elle, ditto herself; — 
 euXf — elles, ditto them- 
 selves; — luJ, ditto him- 
 self; — mo/, ditto myself. 
 
 Malherbe (Francois de), 
 1555-1628, Fr. writer {see 
 ' also Malesherbes). 
 
 Mallow, Co. Cork. 
 
 malm*, brick earth, not 
 maum. 
 
 Malmaison, near Paris 
 (one word). 
 
 malm.sey*, a sweet wine, 
 not -sie, -esie, -asye. 
 
 Malplaquet (battle of), 
 1709. 
 
 malpractice*, misbeha- 
 viour, not -se. 
 
 malstrom, use mael- *. 
 
 Malte-Brun (K.), 1775- 
 1826, Fr. geographer. 
 
 Maltese cross, »]^ '^see also 
 cross, crux). 
 
 Malthus (T. R.)> 1766- 
 1 834, writer on population . 
 
 tniljum (Lat.), an evil, pi, 
 -a; malum] In se, an in- 
 trinsic evil ; — prohibit- 
 um, a prohibited wrong. 
 
 m. a m. (Fr.), mot a mot 
 (word for word). 
 
 mameluke*, Egyptian 
 mounted soldier, not 
 mama-, mamlouk, mem- 
 look, -luk. 
 
 mamillary*, not mammil-. 
 
 m.am.ma*, not mama. 
 
 mammja * (Lat.), a teat ; pi. 
 -as. 
 
 mammonize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 Man. (paper), Manila. 
 
 mian., manual. 
 
 Man (Isle of), abbr. 
 I.O.M., not I.M. 
 
 manacle*, fetter, not -icle. 
 
 331 
 
 Manacles, rocks off Com. 
 
 manage/ able*, -ment*. 
 
 manakin, ws^mani-*. 
 
 Manasseh (tribe of). 
 
 Manasses (Prayer of), 
 Apocr. 
 
 manatee*, the sea-cow ; in 
 Sp. manati. 
 
 manche (Fr. m.), a handle ; 
 (f.) a sleeve. 
 
 Manshe (La) (Fr.), the 
 English Channel. 
 
 Manchester, abbr. 
 
 Manch., or M/C. 
 
 man-child*, pi. men- 
 children * (hyphen). 
 
 Manchu/, -ria, -rian, of 
 Manchuria, not -00, -ow, 
 Mantchoo. 
 
 Mandalay, Burma, not 
 Mande-. 
 
 mandamus* (law) (not 
 ital.). 
 
 mandarin*, Chinese 
 
 official, not -ine. 
 
 mandatj (Fr. m.), power 
 of attorney ; — -posie, 
 money order (hyphen). 
 
 mandatary*, a person. 
 
 mandatory* (adj.), com- 
 manding. 
 
 mandioc, «5^ manioc*. 
 
 mandolin *, not -ine. 
 
 mandrel *, a spindle, «o/-il. 
 
 mandrill*, a baboon. 
 
 manbge* (Fr. m.), horse- 
 manship, riding-school 
 {see also mSnage). 
 
 manjet (Lat., theat.), he, 
 or she, remains ; pi. -etlt, 
 
 manganese*, symbol Mn*. 
 
 mangel-"wurzel*, not 
 mangle-, mangold-. 
 
 *• Mangnairs Ques- 
 tions,** not Mag-. 
 
 mango/ *, Ind. fruit, not-oe ; 
 pi. -es*. 
 
 mangold-^^nirzel, use 
 mangel *. 
 
 mangosteen*, tropical 
 fruit, not -an, -ine. 
 
 manhaden, use men-*. 
 
 Manhattan Island, New 
 York. 
 
MANICH^EAN — MANUSKRIPT 
 
 ManichaBan*, not -ean. 
 manicle, a fetter, u3€ 
 
 -acle*. 
 maniSrjS (Fr.), /em. -Se, 
 
 affected, 
 manifesto/*,/'/, -s*. 
 manikin*, not mana-, 
 
 manni-; in Fr. m. manne- 
 
 quin, 
 Manila/, Philippine Isles ; 
 
 — cheroot; — paper, 
 fwt -11a, abbr. Man. 
 
 manioc*, the cassava plant, 
 noi -dioc, -ihoc, -ihot, 
 -iocca. 
 
 maniplies, ws^many-*. 
 
 manipulator*, «o/ -er. 
 
 Manipur, S.E. India, ttoi 
 Munnepoor. 
 
 Manit., Manitoba. 
 
 Manks, of the I. of Man, 
 «5^Manx*. 
 
 Mann (Sir Horace^, 1701- 
 86, diplom.;— (Horace^, 
 1 796-1859, Amer. educa- 
 tionist. 
 
 mannequin (Fr. m.), a 
 manikin. 
 
 Mannheim, Baden, twt 
 Manh-. 
 
 Mannlicher rifle. 
 
 manoeuvr/e *, -ed *, -in g *. 
 
 man-of-war*, pi. men — 
 
 — * (hyphens). 
 man-of-war*s-man* (hy- 
 phens, apos.). 
 
 manqujS (Fr.), /ent. -Se, 
 unsuccessful. 
 
 M.A.N.S. (Amer.^, Mem- 
 ber of the Academy of 
 Natural Science. 
 
 Mansard (Fran9ois), 
 1598 - 1666, Fr. archi- 
 tect. 
 
 mansard roof* (not 
 cap.). 
 
 Mantchuria, use Mane-. 
 
 Mantegazza (Paolo), 
 1831-, It. anthropologist. 
 
 mantelet*, «o/ mantlet. 
 
 mantelpiece *, not mantle- 
 (one word). 
 
 mantilla* (Sp.), a short 
 mantle. 
 
 mantlet, a shelter, use 
 mante-*. 
 
 manual (mus.), abbr. man. 
 
 manufactur/e, -er, abbr. 
 mfr. ; -ed, mfd. ; -ers, 
 -es, mfrs. ; -ing, mfg. 
 
 manu forti (Lat.), by main 
 force. 
 
 manumit/*, -ted*, -ting*. 
 
 manu propria (Lat.), with 
 one's own hand. 
 
 manus (Lat. f.), the hand ; 
 pi. same. 
 
 manuscript*, abbr. MS.* 
 (a, ttot an), pi. MSS.* 
 (point at end only). It 
 should be written on one 
 side only of ruled quarto 
 paper, not very thin. One 
 inch blank margin on left- 
 hand side. Caps. /,y, T,S, 
 and I.e. /, e, /, nt, n, t, u, to 
 be written clearlj'. Un- 
 usual words, such as 
 proper names, to be in 
 printing characters. Each 
 leaf to be paged in con- 
 secutive order from the 
 first to the last : not each 
 chapter separately. Never 
 write corrections on back 
 of a leaf, but put in an 
 extra leaf and mark it,sa3', 
 23 A, B, or C. If a leaf 
 be deleted, say 24, mark 
 previous one 23-4. It is 
 often advantageous to have 
 original MS. typewritten, 
 when it can be revised as 
 a first proof, and thus 
 many " author's correc- 
 tions" saved. All MSS. 
 should be kept flat, and 
 not rolled ; if however 
 this be unavoidable, the 
 writing should be on the 
 convex side {see also foot- 
 notes). 
 
 manuscript abbrevia- 
 tions, see Abbrevia- 
 tions for lionghand. 
 
 manuscrit {Yr. m.), MS. 
 
 ManusJcript{Ger. n.),MS.; 
 also printer's copy. 
 
 23a 
 
MANUTIUS — MARIE 
 
 Manutius/ (Aldus), 1450- 
 
 151 5, in It. Aldo Ma- 
 
 nuzzio; — — "the 
 
 younger," 1547-97; — 
 
 (Paulus), 151 1-74; It. 
 
 printers. 
 Manx*, of the Isle of Man, 
 
 not -ks; natives, Manx- 
 man*, /etM. -w^oman*, 
 
 pi. -en (each one word). 
 manyplies* (200I.), third 
 
 stomach of ruminants, not 
 
 mani-, mony-. 
 Manzanilla*, a brown 
 
 sherrj'. 
 'Maori*, sirtg. and pi. same. 
 tna petite (^Fr. f.), my 
 
 little (girl). 
 Mapledurham, Oxford 
 
 (one word). 
 maquereau (Fr. m.), 
 
 mackerel, 
 mar/*, -red*, -ring*, 
 mar., maritime. 
 Mar (Earl of), family 
 
 name Goodeve-Erskine 
 
 {see also Mar and 
 
 Kellie). 
 M.Ar. (Amen), Master of 
 
 Architecture. 
 marabou/ feather*, — 
 
 stork*, not -bout, -bu. 
 marabout*, N. Afr. monk 
 
 or hermit, not -but. 
 marabout (Fr. m.), a very 
 
 large coffee-pot. 
 Maracaibo, Venezuela, not 
 
 -ybo. 
 Maranatba* (Syriac), 
 
 "our Lord cometh." 
 Mar and Kellie (Earl 
 
 of), family name Erskine 
 
 {see also Mar), 
 maraschino*, a liqueur, 
 
 «o/-queno ; pron. maras- 
 
 kee'no, 
 Marat (J. P.), 1744-93, 
 
 assassinated by C.Corday. 
 Maratha, an Indian race, 
 
 use Mahratta*. 
 Marazion, Cornwall ; pron. 
 
 mar-a-zy'on. 
 marbled edges, see 
 
 edges. 
 
 marbleize* (U.S.A.), not 
 -ise. 
 
 marbrS (Fr.), marbled ; also 
 marbled edges of books, 
 
 March (month of) (typ.), 
 should not be abbreviated, 
 
 march., marchioness. 
 
 MMrcben (Ger. n.), a fairy- 
 tale ; pi. same. 
 
 marcAes/e*(It.), marquess; 
 /em. -a, marchioness. 
 
 Marco (G.), 1863-, chess 
 player. 
 
 Marcobrunner, a hock. 
 
 Marooni (Quglielmo), 
 1875-, electrician. 
 
 marconigram*, wireless 
 telegraph message. 
 
 mardi gras (Fr. m.), 
 Shrove-Tuesday. 
 
 marScball (Fr. m.), Field- 
 Marshal ; his wife, -e. 
 
 Mar^chal Niel, a rose. 
 
 mare*s-tail* (bot.) (apes., 
 hyphen). 
 
 marg., margin, -al. 
 
 margarine *, not -in ; pyon, 
 g as in go. 
 
 Margaux (Ch&teau-), a 
 claret (hyphen). 
 
 marge (Fr. f.), margin. 
 
 marginalia (Lat,), mar- 
 ginal notes, is pi. 
 
 Marginaiie (Ger. f.), mar- 
 ginal note, also Rand- 
 vermerlc (cap.). 
 
 margins (typ.), the four 
 are called back, head, 
 fore-edge, and tail. A 
 good proportion of the 
 total margin is back and 
 head two-fifths to fore- 
 edge and tail three-fifths. 
 
 Margoliouth (D. S.), 
 
 1858-, theologian. 
 mariage de conve nance 
 (Fr. m.), marriage of con- 
 venience, not marr-. 
 Mariamne, wife of Herod 
 
 the Great. 
 Marie de* Medici, wife 
 of Henry IV of France 
 (de', not de); in Fr. d9 
 M6dicis. 
 
 233 
 
MARINADE — M.A.S. 
 
 marinade* (Fr. cook. fO, 
 a pickle. 
 
 Marines ("Blue"), Royal 
 Marine Artillery ; — 
 ("Red"), Royal Marine 
 Light Infantry. 
 
 marionette. 
 
 maritime, abbr. mar. 
 
 mirivaudage (Fr. m.), 
 daintily affected stj'le. 
 
 Maijoribanks, pron. 
 march'banks. 
 
 Mark (St.) (New Test.), 
 not to be abbreviated. 
 
 mark*, Ger. coin, abgut a 
 shilling ; never takes sign 
 of pi. ; abbr. M., or Mk. 
 
 market/, abbr. mkt. ; -ed, 
 -ing*. 
 
 Market/ - Drayton, — 
 -Harborough (hy- 
 
 phens). 
 
 market overt*, open mar- 
 ket. 
 
 market-place* (hyphen). 
 
 market town* (two 
 words). 
 
 marks of correction, 
 see proof correction 
 marks. 
 
 marks of reference 
 (typ.), * + t § II H {see 
 also foot-notes). 
 
 marline-spike*, not mar- 
 lin-, marling- (hyphen). 
 
 Marlow (Great), Bucks. 
 
 Marlowe (Christopher), 
 1563-93, dramatist. 
 
 marmoset*, a monkey. 
 
 Marocco, use Morocco. 
 
 Maroczy (Q.), 1870-, 
 chess player. 
 
 maroon*, very dark red, 
 not morone. 
 
 maroquin (Fr. m.), mo- 
 rocco leather. 
 
 Marprelate Contro- 
 versy (the). 
 
 marque (letters of)*, 
 those authorizing re- 
 prisals. 
 
 marque de fabrique 
 (Fr. f.), trade-mark. 
 
 marquess*, not -is, abbr. 
 
 M., or marq. ; /em. 
 
 marchioness*, abbr. 
 
 march. ; in Fr. mar' 
 
 qulsjj fern. -e. 
 Marquoi's scales, etc. 
 marriage, in Fr. m. 
 
 manage (one r). 
 marriageable*, Ko/ -gable, 
 married, abbr. m. 
 marron (Fr. m.), chestnut, 
 marrowfat*, a pea. 
 «' Marseillaise * (La),** 
 
 Fr. national song. 
 Marseilles*; in Fr. Mar- 
 seille, pron. mar-say', 
 marshal*/, -led*, -ler*, 
 
 -ling*. 
 Marsham (Viscount), 
 
 eldest son of Earl Romney 
 
 {see also Masham). 
 marten*, a weasel {see also 
 
 martin). 
 Marthas Vineyard, 
 
 island, U.S.A. (noapos.). 
 Martian*, of Mars, 
 martin*, a bird {see also 
 
 marten). 
 Martinengo - Cesaresco 
 
 (Countess E.), 1852-, 
 
 writer. 
 Martinique, W. Indies, 
 martingale*, not -gal. 
 Martinmas*, 11 Nov. 
 martyrize*, etc., not -ise. 
 marvel*/, -led*, -ling*, 
 
 -lous*. 
 Marvell (Andrew), 1621- 
 
 78, poet. 
 Marx (Karl), 1818-83, 
 
 Socialist. 
 Maryland, U.S.A., offic. 
 
 abbr. Md. 
 Marylebone, London, 
 
 formerly Mary-le-bone ; 
 
 pron. mar-i^un. 
 Marymass*, 25 March. 
 Marzials (Sir F. T.), 
 
 1840-, writer. 
 mas (Lat.), a male; pi. 
 
 mares, 
 mas (Sp.), but. 
 mas (Sp.), more. 
 M. A.S., Master of Applied 
 
 Science. 
 
 »34 
 
MASC. — MATHEMATICS 
 
 masc, masculine. 
 Mascagni (Pietro), 
 
 1 863-, composer, 
 masouline, abbr. m., or 
 
 masc. 
 mashanahI*{Ara.h.,FeTs., 
 
 Turk.), an exclamation of 
 
 wonder. 
 Masham (Baron), family 
 
 name Lister {see also 
 
 Marsh am), 
 mashie*, a golf club, not 
 
 -y- 
 Mashonaland, S.E. Afr., 
 
 not Mashu-. 
 mashy, use mashie*. 
 tnasjid* (Turk.), a mosque, 
 
 not mus-. 
 mask*, not masque. 
 Mason (Freemasonry) 
 
 (cap.). 
 Masor/ah*, Heb. tradition, 
 
 not the many variations ; 
 
 -etic Text, abbr. M.T. 
 Mass, R.C. service (cap.). 
 mass (mech.), abbr. m. 
 Mass., Massachusetts 
 
 (offic. abbr.). 
 mass^ (Fr. m.), stroke at 
 
 billiards. 
 Mass6na (Andr6), 1758- 
 
 1817, Fr. marshal. 
 Massenet (J. !6. F.), 
 
 1 842-, Fr. composer. 
 Massereene (Viscount). 
 masseu/r*,/<pw. -se*. 
 Massey, family name 6f 
 
 Baron Clarina {see also 
 
 Massy), 
 massif * (geol.), a mountain 
 
 mass (not ital.). 
 Massora, use Masorah*. 
 Massy, fam. name of Baron 
 
 Massy (5^^ a/50 Massey). 
 Master, abbr. Mr. (point, 
 
 should not end line), 
 master-at-arms* (naut.), 
 
 first-class petty ' oflBcer 
 
 (hyphens). 
 master mariner *, captain 
 
 of a merchant vessel. 
 Master of the Bolls*, 
 
 abbr. M.B. 
 masterpiece* (one word). 
 
 master printer, the head 
 of a printing establish- 
 ment. 
 
 mast-head* (hyphen). 
 
 mastic*, «o/ -ich, -ick. 
 
 mat*, dull, not -tt. 
 
 mat., matins. 
 
 Matabele/, pi. same ; 
 -land, S. Afr. (one word). 
 
 matador*, Spanish bull- 
 slayer, not -ore. 
 
 match"WOod* (one word). 
 
 mat6, Paraguay tea, not 
 mate (not ital.). 
 
 matelot (Fr. m.), a sailor. 
 
 matelote* (Fr. cook, f.), 
 a rich fish stew. 
 
 tnatjer* (Lat.), mother ; pi. 
 -res. 
 
 materialize*, etc., «o^-ise. 
 
 materia medica*, science 
 of drugs (not ital.). 
 
 matSriel* (Fr. m.), every- 
 thing but the personnel of 
 an army or navy (ital.). 
 
 math., mathematics, -ical, 
 -ician. 
 
 mathematics (typ.), ref- 
 erences to foot-notes in 
 math, works to be marks 
 of reference (*, f, etc.), 
 and not superior figures, 
 as these may be mistaken 
 in the text for indices. 
 When letters are required 
 for formulae, use caps, 
 and I.e., not s.caps. If 
 the body of the text is in 
 roman, the I.e. letters 
 mustbeital.and vice versa, 
 except in the case of caps., 
 which should be roman. 
 Whole numbers are set 
 without commas.as 13500, 
 not 13,500. A formula, if 
 detached from the text, 
 is generally set in the 
 middle of the line ; and if 
 it has to be carried on to 
 the next, thebreak is made 
 at an equal, minus, or plus 
 sign, which is carried over. 
 Abbr. miath. {see also 
 figures, fractions). 
 
 235 
 
MATHEW — MAZURKA 
 
 Mathew (Lord Justice), 
 1830-. 
 
 Mathews (Charles), 
 I 776-1835, actor; — 
 (Charles James), 1803- 
 78, actor, dramatist, son 
 of former; — (Elkin), 
 publisher; — (Shailer), 
 1 863-, Amer. writer {see 
 also Matt-). 
 
 matin* (Fr. m.), morning. 
 
 matin* (Fr. m.}, mastiff. 
 
 matinSe*! (Fr.' f.), enter- 
 tainment by day; — must' 
 cale, ditto with music. 
 
 matins*, sometimes in 
 Prayer Book mattins, 
 abbr. mat. 
 
 matriculator*, not -er. 
 
 Matrimonial Causes 
 Acts (law) (no apos.). 
 
 matr/ix* (typ.), a mould 
 from which a stereo plate 
 is made ; also a mould 
 used in making the face 
 of a letter ; pi. -ices. 
 
 Matt., St. Matthew. 
 
 Mattei (Tito), 184 1-, 
 composer. 
 
 matter* (typ.), MS. or 
 copy to be printed, type 
 that is composed; live 
 or standing — , type 
 that has yet to be printed 
 from, electroed, or ster- 
 eoed ; dead — , type 
 ready for distribution. 
 
 Matthew (St.), abbr. 
 Matt. 
 
 Matthews( James Bran- 
 der), 1852-, American 
 writer {see also Math-). 
 
 mattress*,«o/-ass,matress. 
 
 Mau, India, use Mhow. 
 
 maud*, a wrap, not -de. 
 
 Maugrabin (Hayrad- 
 din), in " Quentin Dur- 
 ward." 
 
 Maulmain, Burma, not 
 Moul-, Maulmein. 
 
 maulstick*, not mahl-. 
 
 maum, ws^malm*. 
 
 Maundy Thursday *, day 
 before Good Friday, not 
 
 236 
 
 Maun day Thursday (two 
 
 words). 
 Maupassant (Guy de), 
 
 1850-93, Fr. writer. 
 Maupeou (R.W.C. A.de), 
 
 1714-92, Fr. chancellor. 
 Mauresque, use Mor- *. 
 mausole/um *, />/. -a. 
 mauvaise lionte* (Fr. f.), 
 
 shyness. 
 mauvaisj god I (Fr. m.), 
 
 bad taste ; — P^S, a 
 
 difficulty ; — quart 
 
 (Tbeure, a short un- 
 pleasant time ; — sujet*, 
 
 a ne'er-do-weel ; — ton *, 
 
 bad style. 
 Max., Maximilian. 
 max., maxim, maximum. 
 maxiilla*, the jaw;^/. -as*. 
 maxim/um *, the greatest ; 
 
 pi. -a*, abbr. max. (not 
 
 ital.). 
 Max O'Rell, pen-name of 
 
 Paul Blouet, 1848-1903. 
 Maxwell (J. Clerk), 
 
 1831-79, physicist, not 
 
 Clerk-Maxwell. 
 Maxwell-Lyte (Sir 
 
 H. C), 1 848-, writer. 
 May (month of), not to be 
 
 abbreviated, 
 may (tree) (not cap.), 
 maybe*, perhaps (one 
 
 word). 
 May Day, i May (caps., 
 
 two words). 
 mayduke*, a cherry (one 
 
 word). 
 Mayence on the Rhine, 
 
 in Ger. Mainz am 
 
 Rhein. 
 Maylair, London (one 
 
 word), 
 mayonnaise* (Fr. /.), a 
 
 salad dressing (not ital.). 
 mayst (no apos.). 
 mazagran (Fr. m.), black 
 
 coffee served in a glass. 
 Mazarine Bible, 42-Iine, 
 
 first book printed from 
 
 movable types. 
 mazurka*, a Polish dance, 
 
 not mazou-. 
 
M.B. 
 
 MEDITATIO 
 
 M.B., Media'nae Bacca- 
 laureus (Bachelor of 
 Medicine) ; M.B.Sc. 
 (Amer.), Master of Busi- 
 ness Science; M.B.T.A., 
 Metropolitan Board 
 
 Teachers Association. 
 
 Mc, see Mac. 
 
 M.C., Master Commandant, 
 — of Ceremonies, — of 
 Surgery, (U.S. A.) Member 
 of Congress, — of 
 Council; M/C, Man- 
 chester; M.C.C., Mary- 
 lebone Cricket Club, 
 Middlesex County Coun- 
 cil ; M.C.D. (Amer.), 
 Doctor of Comparative 
 Medicine ; M.C.E. 
 
 (Amer.), Master of Civil 
 Engineering; M.Ch., Ma- 
 gister Chirurgise (ditto 
 Surgery) ; M.C.Ij., ditto 
 Civil Law; M.C.M.E.S. 
 (Amer.), Member of Civil 
 and Mechanical Engin- 
 eers' Society; M.Com. 
 (Birmingham), Master of 
 Commerce ; M.C.P., 
 Member of the College 
 of Preceptors ; M.C.S., 
 Madras Civil Service. 
 
 M.D., Medicine Doctor 
 (Doctor of Medicine), 
 Middle Dutch, (It. mus.) 
 mano destra (right hand), 
 (Fr. mus.) main droite 
 (right hand) ; Md., 
 Maryland, U.S.A. (offic. 
 abbr.); m.d., month's 
 date; Mdlle, use Mile 
 (Mademoiselle) ; Mdme, 
 use Mme (Madame) ; 
 M.D.S., Master of Dental 
 Surgery ; mdse., mer- 
 chandise (usual in Amer.). 
 
 M.E., Mechanical Engineer, 
 Methodist Episcopal, 
 
 Middle English, Military 
 Engineer, Mining Engi- 
 neer, Most Excellent ; 
 Me., Maine, U.S.A. (offic. 
 abbr.) ; M^ (Fr.), maitre 
 (title of Fr. advocate). 
 
 me (it is), it is I, both per 
 missible in speech, but for- 
 mer should not be printed. 
 
 mea culpa (Lat.), by my 
 fault. 
 
 meagre*, not -er. 
 
 mealie*/,earof maize ;/>/.-s. 
 
 mealy-mouthed*, hypo- 
 critical (hyphen). 
 
 meantim.e* (one word). 
 
 raean while* (one word). 
 
 measur/e*, -able*, abbr. 
 m.eas.; (typ,), the width 
 of a page or column, 
 usually stated in pica ems ; 
 -ements {see figures). 
 
 meatjus * (Lat. ), a passage j 
 
 pi. 'US*, 
 
 M.E.C., Member of Exec- 
 utive Council. 
 
 Mecca*, capital of Arabia, 
 not Mekka, -ah, -eh. 
 
 Mecenas, use Msb- *. 
 
 m.ech., mechanics, -ical. 
 
 m.echanics, is singular. 
 
 Mechlin lace *, etc. 
 
 Mecklenburgh Square, 
 London, W.C. 
 
 Mecklenburg/- Schwer- 
 in, Strelitz, Ger. 
 
 M.E.D, (Amer.), Master 
 of Elementary Didactics. 
 
 med., medical, medicine, 
 medieval, medium. 
 
 medaille (Fr. f.), medal. 
 
 medal*/, -led*, -lion*, 
 -list*. 
 
 " Medecin malgr6 lui 
 (Le),*' by Moliere, 1666. 
 
 mediaeval*/, abbr. med.; 
 -ism*, -ist*, -ize*, etc., 
 not medie-. 
 
 medical */, abbr. m.ed. ; — 
 signs, 2 dram, V\ minim, 
 •H misce (mix), | ounce, 
 O pint, 5t recipe.^ scruple. 
 
 medicinas (Lat.), of medi- 
 cine ; abbr. M. 
 
 Medina, river, I.W. 
 
 Medineh, Arabia. 
 
 mediocre* (not ital). 
 
 Medit., Mediterranean. 
 
 meditatio fugas (Lat., Sc. 
 law), contemplating flight. 
 
 237 
 
MEDIUM — MENDICITY 
 
 medi/um*, pi. -a*, in 
 spiritualism -ums (not 
 ital.) ; abbr. med. 
 
 medium/ paper, ss^/^x 
 18V2 in. ; — folio, 18 x 
 11^2 ; — octavo, 9x6; 
 — quarto, 1 1^/2 x 9 {see 
 also books, paper). 
 
 Medjidie*, Turk, order; 
 medjidie*, Turk. coin. 
 
 med. jur., medical juris- 
 prudence. 
 
 Med.Ijat.,mediaeval Latin. 
 
 M6doc* (Fr. m.), a claret. 
 
 Meerut, Ind., not Merath, 
 Mi rat. 
 
 meetings (news, reports 
 of), speakers' names 
 usually s.caps., resolu- 
 tions double-quoted. 
 
 Meffert (Peter) (Ger.), 
 Mr. What's-his-name. 
 
 megalomania *, the delu- 
 sion of grandeur. 
 
 megavolt (elec), a million 
 volts. 
 
 megilp *, not -ph, magilp. 
 
 megohm* (elec), a million 
 ohms. 
 
 megrim*/, -s*, headache, 
 not migraine. 
 
 Meilhac (Henri), 1831- 
 97, dramatist. 
 
 meia tierr (Ger.), a 
 form of address, as Sir ; 
 pi. meiae Herren, 
 
 meiosis*(rhet.), diminution. 
 
 Meiringen, Switz., not 
 Mey-. 
 
 Meissonier (J. L. E.), 
 1813-91, Fr. painter. 
 
 " Meistersinger von 
 Kiimberg (Die),*' 
 opera by Wagner, 1867. 
 
 me judice (Lat.), in my 
 opinion. 
 
 Mekk/a, -ah, -eh, use 
 Mecca*. 
 
 M.E.L. (Amer.), Master of 
 English Literature. 
 
 Melanohthon (Philip \ 
 1 497-1560, Luther's col- 
 league, not Melanct-. 
 
 Melanesia (Bp. of). 
 
 melange* (Fr. m.), a mix- 
 ture. 
 
 Melchi/zedek,in01dTest.; 
 -sedec in New Test. 
 
 mBl\€ (Fr.),/em. -6e, mixed. 
 
 mel6e* (Fr. f.), a fray (not 
 ital.). 
 
 Meliboean*, alternating, 
 not -aean, -ean. 
 
 melodrama* (one word). 
 
 Melton- Mowbray, Leics 
 (hyphen). 
 
 mem., memento, memorial. 
 
 member, abbr. M. 
 
 Member of Parliament 
 (caps.); abbr. M.P., /»/. 
 M.P.'s. 
 
 memento */, a souvenir, pi 
 -es*, abbr. mem. (not 
 ital.) ; in Fr. m. mS-, 
 
 memento morJ* ( Lat. ), re- 
 member that you must die. 
 
 meml/ook, -uk, use ma- 
 meluke*. 
 
 memoire (Fr. m.), bill, 
 report, treatise ; (f.) mem- 
 ory. 
 
 memorabilia* {Lat.),uote- 
 worthy things, is pi. 
 
 memorand/um*,^/. -a*; 
 abbr. memo. 
 
 memorialize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 memoria technica* (Lat.), 
 mnemonics. 
 
 memoriter* (Lat.), from 
 memory. 
 
 memorize*, to learn hy 
 heart, not -ise. 
 
 mem-sahib* (Ang.-Ind.). 
 the mistress of a house. 
 
 Menad, use Msb-*. 
 
 menage* (Fr. m.), a house- 
 hold (see also manbge). 
 
 menagerie*, not -ery. 
 
 mendacity*, falsehood. 
 
 Mendel§eff (Dmitri 
 Ivanovitch), 1834- 1907, 
 Russ. chemist. 
 
 Mendelssohn - Barthol- 
 dy (Felix), 1809-47, 
 composer. 
 
 Mendds (Catulle), 1841-, 
 Fr. writer. 
 
 mendicity*, begging. 
 
 238 
 
MENELBK — METH. 
 
 Menelek, not -lik. 
 
 "M6nestrel (Iie\*' Fr. 
 musical periodical. 
 
 M.Eng., Master of Engin- 
 eering (Dublin). 
 
 menhaden*, a N. Amer. 
 fish, not man-. 
 
 mensa* (Lat.), a table ; a 
 mensa et to:o, from 
 bed and board (a kind of 
 divorce), not thoro. 
 
 mens sana In corpore 
 sano (Lat.), a sound 
 mind in a sound body. 
 
 mensirujum* (Lat.), a 
 solvent ; pi. -a *, 
 
 mensur., mensuration. 
 
 mentbe (Fr. cook, f.), mint, 
 not mi-. 
 
 Mentone (It.), S. Fr., pron. 
 men-to'ng ; in Fr. Men- 
 ton. 
 
 menu*/(Fr.m.), bill of fare, 
 pi. -s; — (order of), 
 hors-cCauvre (same in s. 
 and pi.), appetizers ; 
 potages, soups ; poissons, 
 fish ; releves, removes ; 
 entrees^ " made " dishes ; 
 rotis^ joints ; legumes^ 
 vegetables; entremets, side 
 dishes ; gele'es, jellies ; 
 crimes, creams ;Jromages, 
 cheeses ; dessert, dessert ; 
 glaces, ices ; ca/e] coffee ; 
 liqueurs. 
 
 menu gibier{Fr. cook.m.), 
 small game, as grouse, 
 etc. ; menus plalsirs, 
 small pleasures. 
 
 Mephistophelian*, not 
 -ean. 
 
 mSpris (Fr. m.), contempt. 
 
 mSprlse (Fr. f.), mistake. 
 
 mer., meridian, meridional. 
 
 Meran, Tyrol. 
 
 Meratb, use Meerut. 
 
 Mercedes motor-car (6 d\ 
 
 merchandise*, etc., not 
 -i2e;abbr.mdse(,U.S.A.). 
 
 Merchant/ Company 
 Schools, Edin. ; — Tay- 
 lors Company ; but — 
 Taylors' School (apos. ). 
 
 merci (Fr. m.), thanks ; (f.) 
 merc3'. 
 
 mercurialize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 mercury, symbol Hg. 
 
 merid/ian *, -ional *, abbr. 
 m., or mer. 
 
 meridies* (Lat.), noon; 
 abbr. m. 
 
 M6rim6e (Prosper), 
 1803-70, Fr. writer. 
 
 merlan (Fr. m.), whiting. 
 
 merle *, the common black- 
 bird, not merl. 
 
 Merrimac, river, U.S.A., 
 not -ak. 
 
 merrythought*, the bone 
 (one word). 
 
 Merthyr Tydfil, S. 
 Wales (no hyphen). 
 
 mesalliance* (Fr. f.), mar- 
 riage with an inferior. 
 
 Mesdemoiselles *, abbr. 
 Miles, not Mdlles. 
 
 mesjid, use mus-, 
 
 mesmerize*, not -ize. 
 
 Meso-Qothic, not Mae-, 
 Moe- ; abbr. M.Goth. 
 
 Mesolonghi, use Mi-. 
 
 Messageries Maritimes, 
 " La Compagnie des 
 Services Maritimes des 
 Messageries," a Fr. ship- 
 ping company. 
 
 Messiah*, Messianic*. 
 
 Messieurs* (Fr.), abbr. 
 MM. ; sing. Monsieur. 
 
 Messrs., sing. Mr. (point 
 at end). 
 
 mestee, use mus- *. 
 
 mestizo*, one of Sp. and 
 Amer.-Ind. blood, not 
 -ino. 
 
 met., metronome. 
 
 metal*/, -led*, -'ing*. 
 
 metal., metallurgy. 
 
 metamorphose*, to trans- 
 form, not -ise, -ize. 
 
 metaph., metaphysics, 
 -ical, -icaUy, -ician, meta- 
 phor, -ical, -ically. 
 
 meteor., meteorology. 
 
 meter, 3937 inches, use 
 metre*. 
 
 Meth., Methodist. 
 
 239 
 
METHODIZE — MICRO-VOLT 
 
 methodize*, not -ise. 
 
 wStier* (Fr. m.), a handi- 
 craft. 
 
 metonyxQy*, change of 
 name ; abbr. meton. 
 
 Met.R., Metropolitan Rail- 
 way (London). 
 
 metre*/, 39-37 inches,/*/, -s, 
 abbr. m. ; in Fr. mhtre, 
 in Get. Meter, 
 
 mietrology*, science of 
 weights and measures ; 
 abbr. metrol. 
 
 metronom.e*, abbr. M., 
 or met. ; Maslzel's — , 
 M.M. 
 
 m.etronymic*, name taken 
 from female ancestor, not . 
 ma-. 
 
 metropol/is*, pi. -ises ; 
 -itan ; abbr. m.etrop. 
 
 mettrej au net (Fr.), to 
 make a fair copy ; — k la 
 questiODy to torture ; — 
 en question^ to doubt. 
 
 meum^l (Lat.), mine; — 
 and tuum*, mine and 
 thine, not et tuunt, 
 
 Meux, proK. mewz. 
 
 Mex., Mexico, -an. 
 
 m.ezereon* (bot.), «o/-eum. 
 
 mezzanine floor*. 
 
 mezzjo* (It. m\is),fem. -a, 
 half, medium ; abbr. M. ; 
 p7-on. med'so. 
 
 mezzo-rilievo*, mezzo- 
 soprano* (hyphens). 
 
 mezzotint*, a print from 
 an intaglio copper -plate 
 engraved by hand (one 
 word, not ital.). 
 
 M.F. (paper), mill-finish ; 
 mf (mus.), mezzo-forte 
 (rather loud) ; M.F.B., 
 Metropolitan Fire Brig- 
 
 ade 
 
 mfd., manufac- 
 
 tured, (elec.) microfarad ; 
 mfg., manufacturing ; 
 M.F.H. *, Master of Fox- 
 hounds ; mfr., manufac- 
 ture, -er ; mfrs., manufac- 
 tures, -ers. 
 M.G. (mus.), main gauche 
 (left hand), (Sw.) medical 
 
 gymnast ; Mg, mag- 
 nesium ; mg., milligram, 
 -s; M.Goth., Meso- 
 Gothic; M.Qr., Middle 
 Greek; Mgr, Monsignor, 
 Monseigneur,/>/. Mgrs. 
 
 M.H. (Amer.), Master of 
 Horticulture ; MHG., 
 Middle High German (one 
 point only) ; M.H.K., 
 Member of the House of 
 Keys (I.O.M.). 
 
 mho* (elec), unit of con- 
 ductivity. 
 
 M.Hon., Most Honourable. 
 
 Mhow, Ind., not Mau, 
 Mhau. 
 
 M.H.R., Member of the 
 House of Representatives. 
 
 M.I., Mounted Infantry. 
 
 miasm/a* (Gr.), noxious 
 emanation ; pi. -ata*. 
 
 Mic, Micah. 
 
 m'l'Careme (la) (Fr.), 
 Mid- Lent; pi. les mi- 
 caremes (hyphens). 
 
 M.I.C.E., erroneous for 
 M.Inst.C.E. 
 
 Mish., Michaelmas, Michi- 
 gan (offic. abbr.). 
 
 Michel (Louise), 1830- 
 1905, Fr. anarchist. 
 
 Michelangelo Buonar- 
 roti, 1475-1564, sculptor, 
 etc.(two words, not three). 
 
 Michigan, off. abbr. Mich. 
 
 Mickiewicz (Adam), 
 1 798 -1 855, Polish poet. 
 
 Micmac, N. Amer. Indians 
 (one word). 
 
 microcosm*, the little 
 world {see also ma-). 
 
 micro-farad* (elec), the 
 millionth of a farad, abbr. 
 mfd.; -hm*, ditto ohm ; 
 -millimetre *, ditto milli- 
 metre, S3'mbol (x ; -n, ditto 
 metre, 1/25,400 inch, 
 symbol fx. 
 
 microphotograph*/, -y* 
 (one word). 
 
 micros., microscopy, -ist. 
 
 micro- volt* (elec), the 
 millionth of a volt. 
 
 240 
 
MID. — MILLMAN 
 
 mid., middle. 
 Mid-Calder, Midlothian 
 
 (caps., hyphen). 
 midday* (one word). 
 middle *, abbr. M., or m.id. 
 middle/-aged* (hyphen). 
 Middle Ages* (caps.). 
 m.iddle class*(two words), 
 middleman* (one word). 
 Middlesbrough, Yorks, 
 
 not -borough. 
 Middleton (Baron), fam. 
 
 name Willoughby {see also 
 
 Midleton, Mydd-). 
 Mid. Lat., Latin of the 
 
 Middle Ages. 
 Mid-Lent, fourth Sunday 
 
 in Lent (caps., hyphen). 
 Midleton (Viscount), 
 
 fam. name Brodrick (see 
 
 also Midd-, Mydd-). 
 Midlothian (one word), 
 midriff*, not -if. 
 midships* (one word). 
 Midsomer Norton, Som. 
 midsummer* (one word). 
 Midsummer Day*, 24 
 
 June (two words, caps.), 
 midw^inter* (one word). 
 M.I.E.E., Member of the 
 
 Institution of Electrical 
 
 Engineers. 
 Miers (Sir H. A.), 1858-, 
 
 mineralogist (see also 
 
 Myers, Myres). 
 mightst (no apos.). 
 Mignet (F. A. M.), 1796- 
 
 1884, Fr. historian, 
 mignonette* (bot.) {see 
 
 also minionette). 
 migraine, a headache, use 
 
 megrim*, -s*. 
 M.I. J., use M.J.I. 
 mi/nbeetf ordinary Dutch 
 
 form of address— as Sir; 
 
 in Ger. mein Herr, 
 mijoter (Fr.), to cook 
 
 slowly. 
 mil*, one thousandth of an 
 
 inch (no point). 
 mil., military, militia. 
 Milbank (Sir Powlett 
 
 C. J.), 1852- (see also 
 
 Mill-). 
 
 24 
 
 Milbanke (Sir J. Peni- 
 Ston), 1872- {see also 
 Mill-). 
 
 mileage *, not milage. 
 
 mile */, -S * , abbr. m. ; (typ. ) 
 any considerable number 
 to be printed in figures ; 
 geogr. or naut. — , 6080 
 feet ; statute — , 5280 
 feet; in Fr. m. tnillel, -S. 
 
 Miles Platting, Man- 
 chester. 
 
 military*, abbr. mil. 
 
 Military Academy, abbr. 
 M.A. 
 
 Militia*, abbr. M., or mil. 
 
 Milky Way* (astr.) (caps.) . 
 
 mill*, abbr. m. 
 
 MHlbank, London, S.W. 
 {see also Milb-). 
 
 tollle (Fr. m.), a thousand, 
 abbr. M. ; also a mile. 
 
 millenary*, of a thousand. 
 
 millennium*/,//, -s* (two 
 /'s, two m's). 
 
 mWe passu s (Lat.), 1000 
 paces of five feet, or the 
 Roman mile; abbr. M.P. 
 
 millepede * (zool. ) , not -ed, 
 milli-. 
 
 Miller & Richard's type 
 is " revived old style," 
 as this. 
 
 Millers Dale, Derby. 
 
 Milles, family name of Earl 
 Sondes (5^^ also Mills). 
 
 Millet(Aim6),i8i9-9i,Fr. 
 sculptor; — (Jean-Pran- 
 Cois),i8i4-75,Fr. painter. 
 
 milliampere, abbr. ma. 
 
 milliard*, a thousand 
 millions. 
 
 milligram, "015 grain, 
 off. Board of Trade spell- 
 ing, not -mme ; abbr. for 
 one or more, mg. 
 
 raillimetre*, -03937 of an 
 inch, off. Board of Trade 
 spelling, not -er ; abbr. 
 for one or more, mm. 
 
 millionaire *, mo/ -on n aire. 
 
 millipede, use mille-*. 
 
 Millman Street, Bedford 
 
 Row, London, 
 I 16 
 
MIIiIi-REAM — MISCIBLE 
 
 mill-ream {see ream of 
 
 paper). 
 Mills, family name of Baron 
 
 Hillingdon (see also 
 
 Milles). 
 Milltown (Earl of) {see 
 
 also Milt-). 
 Milman (H. H., Dean), 
 
 1 791-1868. 
 Milman's Street, Chelsea 
 
 (apos.). 
 Milne - Edwards (Al- 
 
 phonse), 1835- ; — Hen- 
 ri), 1800-85, naturalists. 
 Milnes, pron. mills. 
 milreis*. Port, coin about 
 
 4s. 5d. Eng., noi -rea, mill- 
 
 ree, -ei. 
 Milton (Viscount) {see 
 
 also Mill-). 
 Milto^wn, Kerry. 
 Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 
 
 U.S.A. 
 M.I.M.E., Member of the 
 
 Institution of Mining 
 
 Engineers. 
 M.I.Mech.E., Member of 
 
 the Institution of Mech- 
 anical Engineers, 
 mimic*/, -ked*, -king*, 
 min., minim, minimum, 
 
 mining, minister, minor, 
 
 minute, -s. 
 M.I.W.A., Member of the 
 
 Institution of Naval 
 
 Architects. 
 mincemeat* (one word). 
 Minchinhampton, Glos 
 
 (one word). 
 Minehead, Somerset (one 
 
 word). 
 mineralize*, not -isc. 
 mineralog/y*, -ieal*, 
 
 abbr. mineral. 
 m.inever, use mini-*. 
 Mini6 (C. Jfi.), 1814-79, 
 
 inventor of rifle, etc.; 
 
 pron. min'6. 
 minim*, a drop; abbr. 
 
 min., sign Tiy. 
 m.inimize*, «o/-ise. 
 minim/um*, pi. -a* (not 
 
 ital.); abbr. min. 
 mining*, abbr. min. 
 
 24a 
 
 minion type*, seven point, 
 ten lines to the inch, as this. 
 
 minionette* (Amer.typ.), 
 a bastard body, i ^^^ lines 
 to the inch (5^^ also mi- 
 gnonette). 
 
 minister*, abbr. min. 
 
 Minister . of Ways 
 of Communication 
 (Russ.) (caps.). . 
 
 minium*, redoxide oflead. 
 
 miniver*, a fur, not -ever. 
 
 Minn., Minnesota, U.S.A. 
 (offic. abbr.). 
 
 Minneapolis, U.S.A. 
 
 minor*, abbr. min. 
 
 Min./ Plen., Minister 
 Plenipotentiary ; — Res., 
 ditto Residentiary. 
 
 M.Inst.CE., Member of 
 the Institution of Civil 
 Engineers (oflSc), not 
 M.I.C.E. 
 
 Mint (the) (cap.). 
 
 minuet*, a dance, or its 
 music, not -ette. 
 
 minus* (Lat.), less {not 
 ital.), sign — . 
 
 mlnusculjas (Lat.), lower- 
 case letters ; sing, -a, in 
 Fr. f. -e. 
 
 minute*/, -s*, abbr. m., or 
 min., sign ' ; — mark ('), 
 symbol for feet, minutes, 
 also placed after a syllable 
 on which the stress falls. 
 
 minuti/8B* (Lat.), small de- 
 tails; sing, -a* (not ital.). 
 
 miny*, mine-like, not -ey. 
 
 mirabilej dictu (Lat.), 
 wonderful to relate ; — 
 V/SW, ditto see. 
 
 mirky, dark, use murky*. 
 
 miry*, mire-like, not -ey. 
 
 Mirzapur, Ind., «o/-pore. 
 
 misadvice*, bad counsel. 
 
 misadvise*, to give bad 
 counsel. 
 
 misc., miscellaneous, mis- 
 cellany. 
 
 miscellanea (Lat.), mis- 
 cellanies, \spl. 
 
 miscible, capable of being 
 mixed. 
 
MISCUE — M.M. 
 
 miscue (billiards) (one 
 word). 
 
 misdemeanour, not -or. 
 
 yW*'* (Fr.), marquise (mar- 
 chioness), not Mise. 
 
 mise en sc^ne (Fr. f.), 
 scenery, stage effect. 
 
 misfeasance, a wrongful 
 act ; (law) a trespass. 
 
 misfire, use miss-. 
 
 Mishna, a collection of 
 Jewish precepts, not -ah. 
 
 misle, use mizzle. 
 
 misletoe, use mistle-. 
 
 mismanagement. 
 
 misogam/y, hatred of 
 marriage; -ist. 
 
 misogyn/y, hatred of 
 women ; -ist. 
 
 misprint (typ.), a typo- 
 graphical error. 
 
 Miss., Mission, -ary, Mis- 
 sissippi (offic. abbr.). 
 
 missal (Lat.), a religious 
 Mass ; — cantata, one 
 held without deacon and 
 subdea<:on ; — catechu- 
 menorttm, one for 
 catechumens ; — fide- 
 lium, Mass of the 
 faithful. 
 
 Missal (Ger. typ.), forty- 
 four point type (cap.). 
 
 missel - thrush, use 
 
 mistle-. 
 
 misseltoe, use mistle-. 
 
 mis/send, to send incor- 
 rectly ; -sent. 
 
 missfire (one word), not 
 misf-. 
 
 misshapen (one word). 
 
 Mission/, -ary, abbr. Miss. 
 
 Mississippi, river and 
 State, U. S. A. ; offic. 
 abbr. Miss. 
 
 Missolonghi, Greece, not 
 Meso-. 
 
 Missouri, river and State, 
 U.S.A.; offic. abbr. Mo. 
 
 mis /spell, -speak, 
 
 -spend, -spent, -state 
 (one word). 
 
 mist (naut.)j abbr. m. 
 
 mistakable, not -cable. 
 
 Mister, abbr. Mr. (point, 
 should not end line). 
 
 mistle, use mizzle. 
 
 mistle - thrush, not 
 
 missel-. 
 
 mistletoe, not missel-, 
 misle-. 
 
 mistral (Fr. m.), cold 
 N.W. wind in S. France. 
 
 Mistress,abbr. Mrs. (point, 
 should not end line). 
 
 Mithridates, 136-63 e.g. 
 
 Mitilene, Greece, useMy-. 
 
 mitreing, not mitring. 
 
 Mitteilungj (Ger. f.), 
 communication, not 
 
 Mitth- ; pL -en. 
 
 Mittel (Ger. typ. ' n.), 
 "English" type. 
 
 mixable, «o/ -cable, -ible. 
 
 mizen (naut.), not -zzen. 
 
 mizzle, fine rain, not misle, 
 mistle. 
 
 M.J.I., Member of the 
 Institute of Journalists ; 
 M.J.S., Member of the 
 Japan Society. 
 
 Mk., mark (Ger. coin) ; 
 Mkt., Market. 
 
 M.Xj., Licentiate in Mid- 
 wifery, Medieval Latin, 
 Middle Latin ; Ml., mail ; 
 M.Ij.A., Member of the 
 Legislative Assembly, 
 Modern Language Associ- 
 ation; M.L.C, Member 
 of the Legislative Coun- 
 cil; MLG., Middle Low 
 German (one point only) ; 
 Mile, -s. Mademoiselle, 
 Mesdemoiselles (in Fr. 
 no point after abbr.); 
 M.Xi.K.Q., muzzle-load- 
 ingrifledgun; M.L.S.C, 
 Member Lond. Society of 
 Compositors. 
 
 M.M. (Freemason.), Master 
 Mason, (Amer.) medical 
 man, (mus.) Maelzel's 
 metronome ; MM. (Their) 
 Majesties, 2000, (Fr.) Mes- 
 sieurs (Sirs) ; mm., mil- 
 limetre, -s ; m.m., mutatis 
 mutandis (with the neces- 
 243 16 * 
 
M.M.E. — MOLYBDENUM 
 
 sary changes); M.M.E. 
 (Amen), Master of Me- 
 chanical Engineering ; 
 Mme (Fr.), Madame, 
 />/.Mmes (in Fr. no point 
 after the abbr.); M.M.P., 
 Militar}-- Mounted Police ; 
 M.M.S., Moravian Mis- 
 sionary Society ; M.Mus. 
 (Amer.), Master of Music. 
 Mn, manganese; M.N.A.S. 
 (Amer.), Member of the 
 National Academy of 
 Sciences ; M.N.I., Ma- 
 dras Native Infantry ; 
 M.N.S. (Amer.), Member 
 of the Numismatical So- 
 ciety. 
 
 M.O. , MoneyOrder, (Amer. ) 
 Master of Oratory ; Mo., 
 Missouri (offic. abbr.) ; 
 Mo, molybdenum; mo., 
 month, -s. 
 
 mob/, -bed, -bing. 
 
 mobilize, not -ise. 
 
 moccasin, Indian shoe, not 
 the many variations. 
 
 Mocha, coffee ; in Fr. m. 
 Moka. 
 
 mock-turtle soup (one 
 hyphen). 
 
 mod., moderate, modern. 
 
 mod., nioderato. 
 
 mode (Fr. m.), method, 
 (gram.) mood; (f.) fashion. 
 
 model/, -led, -ler, -ling. 
 
 moderate, abbr. mod. 
 
 moderato (It. mus.), 
 moderate ; abbr. mod. 
 
 Mod4rje,/em. -Se, a Mod- 
 erate in French politics. 
 
 modem, abbr. mod. 
 
 m.odem-face type, that 
 most used in newspapers, 
 as this. 
 
 modernize, not -ise. 
 
 modicum, a small quantity 
 (not ital.). 
 
 modif/y, -ied, -jing. 
 
 modiste (Fr.f.), milliner. 
 
 Modjeska (Helena), 
 
 1844-, actress. 
 
 modo preescripto (Lat.), 
 as directed. 
 
 Mods., Moderations, the 
 First Public Examination, 
 Oxford University. 
 
 modulus (math.), sign /x. 
 
 modus I operandi (Lat.), 
 a plan of working ; — 
 Vivendi, a temporary 
 arrangement pending de- 
 bate. 
 
 moelle de boeuf (Fr. cook. 
 f.), beef marrow. 
 
 Mceso- Gothic, use Me-. 
 
 Moet et Chandon, cham- 
 pagne manufacturers. 
 
 maeurs (Fr. f. pi.), 
 manners, customs. 
 
 Mogul, a Mongolian, not 
 Moghal, -hul, Mughal. 
 
 M.O.H.. Medical Officer 
 of Heallh. 
 
 Mohammed*, founder of 
 Islam, not Mahomet, 
 Muhammad. 
 
 Mohammedan/*, -ism*, 
 not Mahomedan, -etan, 
 Mohammadan, Muham- 
 medan, -adan ; abbr. Mo- 
 ham. 
 
 Mohawk, N. Amer. Indian, 
 not Mohock. 
 
 Mohocks, band of London 
 ruffians i8th cent. 
 
 moir6 (Fr.), watered. 
 
 mois (Fr. m.), month, 
 ahhr. mj (see a/so month). 
 
 Moka (Fr. m.), the best 
 coffee ; in Eng. Mocha. 
 
 molasses, not moll-. 
 
 Moleyns (de),/>n>«. mul'- 
 ens. 
 
 Molidre, stage-name of 
 Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, 
 1622-73, Fr. dram. 
 
 Moll (Ger. mus.), minor. 
 
 Mollah, use Mu-. 
 moUasses, use mola-. 
 
 mollusc, not -usk. 
 
 Moloch, a dread influence, 
 not -eck. 
 
 motto (It.), much, very, 
 mol. wt., molecular 
 
 weight. 
 molybdenum, symbol 
 Mo. 
 
 244 
 
MOMBASA — MONTH 
 
 Mombasa, E. Africa, net 
 -assa. 
 
 moment/um, pi. -a (not 
 ital.). 
 
 Mommsen (Theodor), 
 1817-1903, historian. 
 
 Mon., Monday. 
 
 Mon, Monmouthshire. 
 
 mon., monastery, mon- 
 etary. 
 
 tnonl ami (Fr.), fem. — 
 amiCf my friend ; — cher, 
 fem. ma chhrCy my dear. 
 
 Monatsschrift (Ger. f.), 
 , monthly journal (cap.). 
 
 Moncbsschrlft (Ger. ty p.), 
 pointedblack letter (cap.). 
 
 Monck (Viscount) {see 
 also Monk). 
 
 Moncreiff (Baron). 
 
 Moncreiffe (Sir R. D.). 
 
 Moncrieff (SirA.), 1829- ; 
 — (Sir C. C. Scott-), 
 1836-. 
 
 Monday, abbr. M., or 
 Mon. 
 
 monde (Fr. m.), the 
 world, society. 
 
 mon DIeu ! (Fr.) really ! 
 
 monetize, not -ise. 
 
 money/, pi. -s, not -ies; 
 -ed, «o/monied ; — order, 
 abbr. M.O. {see also fig- 
 ures, punctuation, 
 XXI, 3). 
 
 Monghyr, Bengal. 
 
 mongoose, use mun-. 
 
 monk (typ.), a patch of 
 letterpress with too much 
 ink. 
 
 Monk Bretton (Baron) 
 {see also Monck). 
 
 Monmouthshire, abbr. 
 Mon. 
 
 monocle, a single eyeglass. 
 
 monoousious, of identi- 
 cally the same substance, 
 monopol/ism, -ist, -ize, 
 
 -y. 
 
 Monroe doctrine. 
 
 Mons., this abbr. for 
 Monsieur must never be 
 used, it being regarded as 
 an insult in France. 
 
 Monseigneur/ (Fr.), abbr. 
 Mgr ;/>/.Messeigneur8, 
 Mgrs {see also Monsi-). 
 Monsieur/ (Fr.), Mr., Sir, 
 abbr. (to be used in third 
 person only ) M. ;/>/. Mes- 
 sieurs, abbr. MM. ; — 
 Chose, Mr. What's-his- 
 name {see also Mons.). 
 Monsignor/, R.C.C. title, 
 abbr. Mgr. ; pi. -s, abbr. 
 Mgrs.; It. -e^pl. -L 
 monsoon, not -son, -zoon. 
 Mont., Montana, U.S.A. 
 
 (offic. abbr.). 
 Mont Blano (caps.). 
 mont-de-plStS (Fr. m.). 
 Government pawnshop ; 
 pi. montS' (hy- 
 phens). 
 motttiS (Fr.), /em. -ie, 
 
 prepared, or set up. 
 Monte Cristo, not — 
 
 Christo. 
 Montefiascone, It. wine, 
 
 not -SCO (one word). 
 Montenegr/o ; a native, 
 
 -in (one word). 
 Monte B.osa,S witz. (caps. , 
 
 two words). 
 Montesquieu (C. de S.), 
 1689-1755, Fr. writer; 
 pron. m6nt-es-kyuh'. 
 Montesquiou (J. !P. de), 
 assassinated the Prince 
 of Conde, 1569; — 
 (Madame de), guardian 
 of Napoleon's son. 
 Montevideo (one word). 
 Montgomerie, fam. name 
 of Earl of Eglinton ; — 
 (Alexander), 1556- 
 1610, So. poet. 
 Montgomery, second title 
 of Earl of Pembroke, town 
 and county in Wales, 
 also town in Alabama, 
 and Punjab, 
 month/, -s, abbr. m., or 
 mo. ; — (day of the) 
 (typ.), to be thus, 25 Jan., 
 not Jan. 25. In Fr. the 
 names of the months do 
 not take caps., as Janvier. 
 
 345 
 
MONTPEIilER — MORRIS 
 
 Montpelier, Vermont, 
 U.S.A. 
 
 Montpellier, dep. Fr. 
 
 Mont-Saint-Michel, dep. 
 Manche, Fr. (caps., hy- 
 phens); in Cornwall, 
 Mount Saint Michael. 
 
 Montserrat, Sp. and Les- 
 ser Antilles (one word). 
 
 Montyon prizes, of Fr. 
 Academy, not Month-. 
 
 monyplies, use ma-. 
 
 Mooltan, not Mu-. 
 
 moon, abbr. m. ; sign for 
 new, ; first quarter, ]) ; 
 full, O > J^t quarter, ^ . 
 
 moonlight (one word). 
 
 moonsbee, ust munshi. 
 
 Moore (Sir John), 1761- 
 1809, General; — 
 
 (Thomas), 1 779-1852, 
 "the bard of Erin" {see 
 also More). 
 
 Mooslim, use Moslem, 
 
 Moosonee (Bp. of). 
 
 mop/, -ped, -ping. 
 
 mop/e, -ed, -ing, -ish. 
 
 moqueuir (Fr.),fem. -jse, 
 a mocker, mocking. 
 
 Mor., Morocco. 
 
 moral (Fr. m.), mental or 
 moral faculties, spirit (of 
 an army), not -le. 
 
 morale (Fr. f.), morals, 
 moral (of a fable). 
 
 moralize, not -ise. 
 
 Moray, or Elginshire, 
 not Morayshire. 
 
 morbidezza (It. art), ex- 
 treme delicacy. 
 
 morbus {cholera), (ital.). 
 
 morceauj (Fr. m.), a 
 morsel, also short mus. 
 piece ; pi. -x, 
 
 mordant, a dye fixer. 
 
 Mordaunt (Sir O. Ij*E.). 
 
 More (Hannah), 1745- 
 1833, religious writer ; 
 — (Sir Thomas), 1478- 
 1535, statesman and writer 
 {see also Moore). 
 
 morel Hibernico (Lat.), 
 in Irish style ; — ma- 
 Jorum, ancestor-like. 
 
 246 
 
 morel, an edible fungus, 
 not -lie. 
 
 morello cherry, not -a. 
 
 moreover, not moro-. 
 
 Moresque, Moorish, not 
 Mau-. 
 
 more SUO (Lat.), in his, 
 or her, own peculiar way. 
 
 Moreton (Baron) {see also 
 Morton). 
 
 Moreton-in-the-Marsh, 
 Glos. 
 
 Morgagni (G. B.), 1682- 
 1771, anatomist. 
 
 morganatic marriage 
 (not caps.). 
 
 Morghen (R. S. C), 
 1 758-1833, engraver. 
 
 morgue (Fr. f.), a mortu- 
 ary ; haughtiness. 
 
 Morison (J. A. Cotter), 
 1832-88, writer {see also 
 Morr-). 
 
 Morland (George), 1763- 
 1804, painter. 
 
 Morley (Earl of). 
 
 Mornay (Duplessis-), 
 1549-1623, Fr. statesman. 
 
 morning, abbr. mom. 
 
 Morny (due de), 181 1- 
 65, Fr. statesman. 
 
 Morocc/o, abbr. Mor. ; 
 -an, not Ma-. 
 
 morocco leather (not 
 cap.); french — — , 
 a low grade with small 
 grain ; levant — — , 
 high grade with large 
 grain ; persian — — , 
 the best, usually finished 
 on the grain side. 
 
 morone, use maroon. 
 
 morph., morphology. 
 
 Morpheus, god of sleep, 
 not -aeus. 
 
 morphia, a drug. 
 
 morphoea, a skin dis- 
 ease. 
 
 Morphy (Paul), 1837-84, 
 chess player. 
 
 Morris ( Gou vemeur) , 
 1 752-1816, Amer. states- 
 man. 
 
 morris dance, not -ice — . 
 
MORRISON — MOUNT 
 
 Morrison(Robert), 1782- 
 
 1834, Chinese scholar (see 
 
 also Mori-), 
 mortalize, not -ise. 
 «*Morte Arthure," Ar- 
 thurian tale. 
 mortgag/ee, one to whom 
 
 a mortgage is granted ; 
 
 -er, one who mortgages ; 
 
 in law, -or. 
 mortice, use -ise. 
 mortifiS (Fr. cook.), well 
 
 hung (of meat, etc.). 
 mortis causa (Lat., Sc. 
 
 law), in contemplation of 
 
 death. 
 mortise and tenon, a 
 
 joint for wood, not -ice 
 
 Morton (Earl of), 
 
 Morvan (Le), Fr. district. 
 
 Morven, the hills in Mull. 
 
 Morvem, Argyl. 
 
 Mosaic, of Moses. 
 
 mosaic, inlaid. 
 
 Mosel/, Ger. river ; in Fr. f. 
 -le. 
 
 Moseley, a Birmingham 
 suburb {see also Mosl-). 
 
 Moselle, a white wine. 
 
 Mosely Education 
 
 Commission, 1903 {see 
 also Moz-). 
 
 Moses* law. 
 
 Moslem, a follower of 
 Mohammed, not -im, 
 Mooslim, Muslim. 
 
 Mosley (Sir Oswald), 
 1848- (see also Mose-, 
 Moz-). 
 
 mosquito/, pi. -es, not 
 moscheto, musketoe, mus- 
 quito. 
 
 Most High, asDeity(caps.). 
 
 mot (Fr. m.), a word ; 
 mot k mot, word for 
 word, abbr. m. h m. 
 
 motet (mus.), a sacred com- 
 position, not -ett, mottett. 
 
 •* Mother Hubberd*s 
 Tale,** by Spenser, 1591. 
 
 mother-in-law, pi. mo- 
 thers ; mother-of- 
 pearl (hyphens). 
 
 motif (Fr. mus. m.), a 
 theme. 
 
 Motley (J. Lothrop), 
 1814-77, Amer. historian 
 (see also Mott-). 
 
 motley, a mixture, not -ly. 
 
 motoj (It. mus.), motion ; 
 con — , with more rapid 
 motion ; — cotttinuo, 
 constant repetition ; — 
 contrario, contrary 
 
 motion ; — obbliquo, 
 oblique motion ; — pre- 
 cedente, at the pre- 
 ceding pace ; — primo, 
 at the first pace ; — 
 retto, direct or similar 
 motion. 
 
 motor-car (hyphen). 
 
 mottl/e, -ed, -ing. 
 
 Mottley (John), 1692- 
 1750, dramatist (see also 
 Motl-). 
 
 motto/, pi. -es. 
 
 motu proprio (Lat.), of 
 his own accord. 
 
 mouchard (Fr. m.), a 
 police spy. 
 
 mouciioir {Fr. m.), pocket- 
 handkerchief. 
 
 mouezzitiy use mue-. 
 
 mouflon (Fr. m.), a wild 
 sheep, not mouff-, muf-. 
 
 mouiile (Fr.),softened,wet. 
 
 moujik, use muzliilc. 
 
 mould, not mold. 
 
 moule (Fr. f.), mussel. 
 
 Moulmain, Burma, use 
 Maul-. 
 
 moult, a shedding, not molt. 
 
 Mounet-Sully (Jean), 
 184 1-, Fr. actor. 
 
 Mount/, -ain, abbr. Mt.; 
 pi. Mts. 
 
 Mount Auburn, Mass., 
 noted cemetery ; Mount- 
 cashell (Earl) (one 
 word) ; Mountcharles, 
 Donegal (one word) ; 
 Mount Charles, Corn- 
 wall (two words) ; 
 MountcoUins, Limerick 
 (one word) ; Mount 
 Edgcumbe (Earl of) 
 
 847 
 
MOUNTQARRET — M.S.B.L. 
 
 (two words) ; Mount- 
 garret CViscount) (one 
 word) ; Moiintmorres 
 (Viscount) (one word) ; 
 Mount Saint Michael, 
 Cornwall, in Fr. Mont- 
 Saint-Michel; Mount 
 Stephen (Baron) (two 
 words). 
 
 Moume Mountains, Ire. 
 
 mousselinej (Fr. f.), fine 
 
 muslin; de-Iaine, un- 
 
 twilled woollen cloth. 
 
 mousseulx (Fr.), fern, 
 -se, foaming, as wine. 
 
 moustache, not mus-. 
 
 mousy, mouse-like, ftot 
 -ey. 
 
 moutarae (Fr. f.), mus- 
 tard. 
 
 mouthpiece (one word). 
 
 mouion (Fr. m.), mutton. 
 
 movable, in legal work 
 moveable. 
 
 Mowat (Sir Oliver). 
 
 Mowatt (Sir Francis). 
 
 ino^eil/(Fr.m.>, medium; — 
 age 7e), the Middle Ages. 
 
 moyenne (Fr. f.), average. 
 
 Mozart (W. A.), 1756-91, 
 Austrian composer. 
 
 Mozartean, not -ian. 
 
 Mozley (J. B.), 1813-78, 
 theologian. 
 
 M.P., Member of Parlia- 
 ment, Methodist Protest- 
 ant, Metropolitan Police, 
 niille passus (a thou- 
 sand paces — the Roman 
 mile), Municipal Police, 
 (Amer.) Master of 
 Painting; mp (It. mus.^, 
 mezzo-piano; M.P.C., 
 Member of Parliament, 
 Canada; M.Ph. (Amer.), 
 Master of Philosophy ; 
 M.P.Ii. (Amer.), Master 
 of Polite Literature ; 
 M.P.P., Member of 
 Provincial Parliament ; 
 M.P.S., Member of the 
 Pharmaceutical Society 
 (of Great Britain), ditto 
 Philological Society. 
 
 M.R., Master of the 
 Rolls, Midland Railway ; 
 Mr., Master, Mister, 
 pi. Messrs. (point at 
 end, neither should end 
 a line) ; M.R.A.S., 
 Member of the Royal 
 Asiatic Society, ditto 
 Royal Academy of Sci- 
 ence; M.R.C.C., ditto 
 Royal College of Chem- 
 istry; M.R.C.O., ditto 
 Organists ; M.R.C.P.*, 
 ditto Royal College of 
 Physicians; M.R.C.P.E., 
 ditto of Edinburgh ; 
 M.R.C.P.I., ditto of Ire- 
 land; M.R.C.S.*, ditto 
 Royal College of Sur- 
 geons ; M.R.C.S.E., 
 ditto of Edinburgh ; 
 M.R.C.S.I., ditto of 
 Ireland ; M.R.C.V.S., 
 ditto Royal College of 
 Veterinary Surgeons ; 
 M.R.I., ditto Royal In- 
 stitution ; M.R.I. A., ditto 
 Royal Irish Academy ; 
 Mrs., Mistress (point at 
 end, should notend a line) ; 
 M.R.S.L., Memberof the 
 Royal Society of Litera- 
 ture; M.R.U.S.I., ditto 
 Royal United Service In- 
 stitution. 
 
 MS., tnanuscriptum (manu- 
 script), pi. MSS. (large 
 caps., point at end only 
 for both) {see also manu- 
 script) ; M.S., Master 
 of Science, ditto Surgery, 
 memorix sacrum (sacred 
 to the memory of), 
 (It. mus.) mano sinistra 
 (the left hand); M.S. A., 
 Member of the Society of 
 Apothecaries (of London), 
 also of Arts ; (Amer.) 
 Master of Scientific Agri- 
 culture, ditto Science and 
 Arts; M.S. & L.R., 
 Manchester, SheflBeld, and 
 Lincoln {now Great Cen- 
 tral) Railway; M.S.B.L., 
 
 248 
 
M.S.C. — MURDOCH 
 
 Member (late) School 
 Board, London; M.S.C., 
 Madras Staff Corps, 
 Medical Staff Corps ; 
 M.Sc, Master of Science 
 (Durham and Victoria 
 Univ.);M.S.D.(Amer.), 
 Master of Scientific Di- 
 dactics; M.S.H., Master 
 of Staghounds; m.S.l., 
 mean sea-level ; MSS., 
 ntanuscripta (manuscripts) 
 {see also manuscript). 
 
 M.T., Massoretic Text (of 
 Old Test.) ; (railway) 
 empty coach ;Mt., Mount, 
 -ain ; Mt. Rev., Most 
 Reverend ; Mts., Moun- 
 tains. 
 
 MuchDewchurch, Here- 
 ford ; Much Wenlock, 
 Salop (two words). 
 
 Muckross, Killamey, Ire- 
 land. 
 
 mucous (adj.). 
 
 mucus (noun). 
 
 mud/, -died, -djdng. 
 
 Mudki, Punjab, not Mood- 
 kee. 
 
 muezzin, Mohammedan 
 crier, not mou-. 
 
 muffetee, a wristlet. 
 
 mufti (Arab.), a magistrate, 
 not -tee (ital.). 
 
 m.ufbi (in), in civilian dress 
 (not ital.). 
 
 Mughal, use Mogul. 
 
 mugwump (Amer. poli- 
 tics) (one word). 
 
 Muhammad, use Mo- 
 hammed. 
 
 Miihlhausen, Saxony. 
 
 mulatto/, pi. -es. 
 
 mulch, half-rotten veget- 
 able matter, not -sh. 
 
 muietiYr.m.), grey mullet, 
 also he-mule. 
 
 Miilhausen, Alsace. 
 
 mull- of (to make a), not 
 mol. 
 
 Mullah, Moham. title of 
 respect, not the many 
 variations. 
 
 mullein (bot.), not -en. 
 
 Miiller (P.M. or "Max**), 
 1823- 1900, philologist. 
 
 mulligatawny, a soup, 
 not muli-, mulla-. 
 
 muUion (building), not 
 munnion. 
 
 Mulock (Dinah M., later 
 Mrs. Craik), 1826-87, 
 wrote "John Halifax." 
 
 mulsh, use mulch. 
 
 Multan, Punjab, ms^ M00-. 
 
 multimillionaire, a pos- 
 sessor of several million 
 pounds (one word). 
 
 multiple mark (typ.), the 
 sign of multiplication x . 
 
 multiplepoinding (So. 
 law) (one word). 
 
 multum in parvo (Lat.), 
 much in small compass. 
 
 mumbo-jumbo, an object 
 of popular homage (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 Muncazy, see Munkdcsy. 
 
 ** Munchausen (Baron), 
 Adventures of** ; Ger. 
 Miinchhausen. 
 
 Miinchen, German for 
 Munich. 
 
 mungoose/, not the many 
 variations; //. -s. 
 
 m unicipalize,etc. , not -ise. 
 
 Munkd-osy (Mihaly), 
 pseudonym of Michael 
 Lieb, 184 4-1900, Hun- 
 garian painter. 
 
 Munnepoor, use Mani- 
 pur. 
 
 munnion, use mull-. 
 
 Munro-Ferguson(R.C.), 
 i86o-,politician(hyphen). 
 
 munstli (Ind.), a writer, 
 not moonshee. 
 
 Munster, Ireland. 
 
 Miinster, Alsace, West- 
 phalia. 
 
 muntjao, a S. Asian deer, 
 not -jack, -jak. 
 
 Muntz*s metal. 
 
 mur (Fr. m.), a wall. 
 
 mitr (Fr. adj.), ripe. 
 
 Murano glass. 
 
 Murdoch (John), 1747- 
 1824, friend of Burns. 
 
 249 
 
MURDOCK — MYDDELTON 
 
 Murdock (William), 
 1 754-1839, inventor of 
 coal - gas lighting, not 
 -och. 
 
 mure (Fr. f.), mulberry. 
 
 murky, dark, ttot mi-. 
 
 Miirren, Oberland, Switz. 
 
 miurrhine, fluorspar ware, 
 not murrine, myrrhine. 
 
 Murroe, Tipperary. 
 
 Murrough, Clare. 
 
 Murrow, Wisbech. 
 
 Murshidabad, Bengal. 
 
 mus., museum, music, -al. 
 
 Musalman, ms^MussuI-. 
 
 Mus.B. or Bac, Bachelor 
 of Music. 
 
 muscja (Lat.), a fly ; pi. -as. 
 
 muscadel, a Fr. or It. 
 wine, also a pear and a 
 dried grape, «o/-dine, -tel. 
 
 Muschelkalk (geol.), shell 
 limestone (cap.). 
 
 Musclif the true mosses ; 
 
 5/«^. -IIS. 
 
 Mus.D. or Doc, Mustcse 
 Doctor (Doctor of Music). 
 
 museography, museum 
 work, not musae-. 
 
 Muses (the nine). Cal- 
 liope, Clio, Erato, Eu- 
 terpe, Melpomene, Poly- 
 hymnia, Terpsichore, 
 Thalia, Urania. 
 
 museum, abbr. mus. 
 
 Music (Bachelor of). 
 abbr. Mus.B. or Bac; 
 — (Doctor of), abbr. 
 Mus.D. or Doc. ; — 
 (Master of), Camb., 
 abbr. Mus.M. 
 
 music/, -al,abbr. mus. ; — 
 demy, a paper 20^/4 
 X 1 4^/8 in. ; — paper, that 
 ruled for writing music 
 upon; — type, that for 
 printing music. 
 
 Musigny, a red Burgundy 
 wine. 
 
 tnusjid (Arab.), a mosque, 
 use mas-*. 
 
 Muslim, use Moslem. 
 
 musHn-de-Ialtif use 
 
 mousseline - de-laine. 
 
 Mus.M., Master of Music 
 (Cambridge). 
 
 musquito, use mos-. 
 
 Mussalman,«s^Mussul-, 
 
 Musselburgh, Midlothian, 
 not -borough. 
 
 Mussul/man, a Moham- 
 medan, a Moslem, not 
 the many variations ; pi. 
 -mans, not -men. 
 
 mustache, use mous-. 
 
 Mustafabad, N.W. Prov., 
 Oudh, Punjab. 
 
 Mustapha, Algeria. 
 
 miistee* (W. Ind.), a half- 
 breed, not me-. 
 
 mustn't. (typ.)> to be close 
 up. 
 
 Musulmft,n, use Mussul- 
 man. 
 
 mutandjum (Lat.), any- 
 thing to be altered ; pi. -a, 
 
 mutatis mutandis (Lat.), 
 with the necessary 
 changes ; abbr. m.m. 
 
 "mutual" friend, often 
 objected to, though used 
 by Burke, Dickens, Lyt- 
 ton, Sterne, and others. 
 
 Muzaffarpur, Bengal. 
 
 muzblk, Russian peasant, 
 not moujik, mujik ; /em. 
 muzbltshka, 
 
 Muzio gambit, a chess 
 opening. 
 
 M.V. (Amen), Medicus 
 Veterinarius (Veterinary 
 Physician) ; m. V. (It. 
 mus. ), mezza voce (with half 
 voice-power) ; M.V.O., 
 Member (of fourth or fifth 
 class) of the (Royal) Vic- 
 torian Order. 
 
 M.W., Most Worshipful, 
 — Worthy; M.W.B., 
 Metropolitan Water 
 
 Board ; M.W.P., Most 
 Worthy Patriarch. 
 
 myall-wood, hard, violet- 
 scented wood (hyphen). 
 
 myceli/um (hot.), pi. -a. 
 
 Mycenaean, of Mycenae. 
 
 Myddelton Square, 
 
 Clerkenwell (s^^ailsoMi-). 
 
 250 
 
MY — MYTILENE 
 
 My dear Sir, (in letters,two 
 caps, only, comma at end). 
 
 Myers (Ernest), 1844-, 
 writer ; — (P. W. H.), 
 1843-1901, writer and 
 spiritualist {see also 
 Miers, Myres). 
 
 myosotis, the forget-me- 
 not. 
 
 Myres (John Linton), 
 1 869-, archaeologist {see 
 also Miers, Myers). 
 
 Myriapoda, not Myrio-. 
 
 myrobalan, a plum, not 
 -bolan. 
 
 myrrhine, use murr-. 
 myrtille (Fr. f.), bilberry, 
 myrtle, not -tel. 
 Mysore, Deccan, not 
 
 Maisur. 
 myst., mysteries. 
 mytacism, the wrong or 
 
 too frequent use of "m," 
 
 not me-. 
 ni3rth., mythology, -ical. 
 mythologize, etc., not 
 
 -ise. 
 mythopoeic,myth-making, 
 
 not -paeic, -peic. 
 Mytilene, Greece, notllLi-. 
 
 051 
 
M NOTES 
 
 252 
 
M NOTES 
 
 253 
 
N.— WAITETB 
 
 N 
 
 "N., Norse, north, -ern. 
 Northern postal district, 
 London, all proper names 
 with this initial, the 
 thirteenth in a series, 
 (Fr.) nord (north), (Lat.) 
 nomjen, -ina (name, -s), 
 nosier (our), (mag.) 
 symbol of magnetic flux. 
 
 N, nitrogen. 
 
 (N.), Nationalist, (naval) 
 navigating, -ion. 
 
 n., nail (2^/4 inches), name, 
 nephew, neuter, new, 
 nominative, noon, note, -s, 
 noun. 
 
 n., (Fr.) nous (we, us), 
 (Lat.) natus (born), node 
 (at night). 
 
 B (math.), an indefinitely 
 large quantity. 
 
 U/ (Fr.), before a verb, 
 nous (we, us). 
 
 h (Sp.), called "« with 
 the tilde," or "Spanish 
 n " ; pron. as ni in onion. 
 
 N.A., National Academy, 
 -ician, Nautical Almanac, 
 North America, -n. 
 
 Na, natrium (sodium). 
 
 n/a (banking), no ac- 
 count. 
 
 N.A.A., National Artillery 
 Association. 
 
 Naas, Co. Kildare, pron. 
 nas ; also Norway, the 
 home of *'sloid." 
 
 nabob*, Indian provincial 
 governor (not cap.). 
 
 Nabuchodonosor, see 
 Nebuchadnezzar. 
 
 nach Cbrisii Geburt 
 (Ger.), = A.D. ; abbr. 
 n. Chr, (see alsovor ). 
 
 Nacbdruck (Ger. typ. m.), 
 reprint, pirated edition ; 
 nacbdruckea, to re- 
 print, or pirate. 
 
 Nacbmittag (Ger. m.), 
 
 afternoon ; abbr. Nm. 
 nacbmittags (Ger. adv.), 
 
 p.m. ; abbr. Nm. 
 Nachtigal (Gustav), 
 
 1834-85, Ger. traveller. 
 nacre*, mother-of-pearl 
 
 (not ital.). 
 nacri (Fr.), like mother-of- 
 pearl (ital.). 
 N.A.D. (Amer.), National 
 
 Academy of Design. , 
 naenia, use ne-. 
 Waesmyth (Sir M. Q.), 
 
 1828-, engineer {see also 
 
 Nasmyth). 
 naeve*, a skin blemish, 
 
 ''mother's mark,"- not 
 
 ne- ; in Lat. nasvlus, 
 
 pi. -/. 
 Naga Hills, Assam. 
 Nagar, Bengal, Madras, 
 
 Mysore. 
 -nagar (Indian suffix), a 
 
 town, as Ahmednagar, 
 
 not -naggore, -nagore, 
 
 -nugger, -ur. 
 Nagasaki, Japan, not 
 
 Nang-. 
 NageH (K. W. von), 
 
 1817-91, Ger. botanist. 
 Nagpur, India, not -pore. 
 Nahum, Old Test., no 
 
 abbr. 
 naiad, not naid. 
 naif, artless, use naive*; 
 
 in Fr. na'iltyfem. -ve. 
 nail*, 2^/4 inches ; abbr. n. 
 Naini Tal, N.W. India. 
 nainsook*, Ind. muslin, 
 
 not -zook. 
 Nairne (Baroness, ne'e 
 
 Caroline Oliphant), 1776- 
 
 1845, Sc. poetess. 
 Nairnshire, Scotland. 
 naive*,artless,«o/nai-,naif. 
 naivetS* (Fr. f.), artless- 
 
 ness. 
 
 254 
 
NALSON — NATUBB 
 
 Nalson (John), 1638-86, 
 
 theologian and historian. 
 namable, use name- *. 
 Namaqualand, S. Afr. 
 
 (one word). 
 namby-pamby*, weakly 
 
 sentimental (hyphen). 
 name, abbr. n. 
 nameable*, not nam-. 
 namely*, preferred to viz. 
 namesake* (one word). 
 names of ships (typ.), 
 
 to be roman double- 
 quoted, not italic. 
 '«*N". & Q.", "Notes and 
 
 Queries." 
 nankeen*, fabric, not -kin. 
 Nansen (Fridtjof), 
 
 1861-, Arctic traveller. 
 Nantucketlsland, U .S. A. 
 Naoroji (Dadabhai), 
 
 1 825-, first Parsi M.P. 
 Nap., Napoleon. 
 nap*/, -ped*, -ping*, 
 nap*, a card game. 
 naphtha*, but Fels- 
 
 naptha. 
 Napierian* logarithms, 
 
 not -perian. 
 napoleon*, in Fr. m. napo- 
 
 iSott, 2o-franc coin. 
 napoUtaine {h la) (Fr. 
 
 cook.), in Neapolitan style 
 
 (not cap. n.). 
 nappe (math.), a cone. 
 Narbada, Ind. river, see 
 
 Nerbudda. 
 narciss/iis*,/'/.-i*(notital.). 
 narghile'' (Pers., Turk.), 
 
 Oriental pipe, not -gile, 
 
 -h, -gili. 
 Narragansett, Rhode I., 
 
 U.S.A., not -et. 
 narrow measure (typ.), 
 
 type composed in narrow 
 
 widths, as in columns, 
 narwhal*, the sea-unicorn, 
 
 not -e, -wal. 
 N.A.S. (Amer.), National 
 
 Academy of Science. 
 nasalize*, not -ise. 
 N.A.S.E. (Amer.), Nation- 
 al Academy of Stationary 
 
 Engineers. 
 
 Nash (Richard, or 
 «*Beau**), 1674-1762, 
 Bath Master of Cere- 
 monies. 
 
 Nash or Nashe (Tho- 
 mas), 1567-1601, sa- 
 tirist. 
 
 Nasirabad, India. 
 
 Nasmith (James), 1740- 
 1808, theol. and antiq. 
 
 Nasmyth (James), 1808- 
 90, engineer ; Nasmyth 
 hammer, not -th's {see 
 also Nae-). 
 
 nasturtium*/ (bot.), not 
 -ian, -ion ; pi. -s. 
 
 Nat., Natal, Nathanael, 
 -iel. National. 
 
 nat., natural, -ist. 
 
 nat. hist., natural his- 
 tory. 
 
 National*/, abbr. Nat.; — 
 Academy, -ician, abbr. 
 N.A. ; — Assemblies 
 {see Assemblies). 
 
 Nationalist*, abbr. (N.). 
 
 nationalize*, not -ise. 
 
 nations and. places, as 
 adjectives or nouns, in 
 frequent commercial use, 
 need no cap., as french 
 polish, -er, morocco lea- 
 ther, plaster of paris, 
 Prussian blue, turkey red, 
 and many others. 
 
 native oyster*, one raised 
 on an artificial bed. 
 
 nat./ ord., natural order ; 
 — phil., — philosophy. 
 
 Nat. Sc.D. (Amer.), Doc- 
 tor of Natural Science. 
 
 natt/y*, -ily*. 
 
 natura (Lat.), nature. 
 
 natural*/, -ist*, abbr. nat. 
 
 natural* (mus.), sign t|. 
 
 naturalla (Lat.), the sex- 
 ual organs. 
 
 naturalize*, not -ise. 
 
 Natura non facit saltum 
 (Lat.), Nature makes no 
 leap. 
 
 nature*, the processes of 
 the material world ; cap. 
 only when personified. 
 
 255 
 
NATUILEJIj — NEELD 
 
 ttBturel (au) (Fr. cook.), 
 plainly prepared. 
 
 nature-printing*, a pro- 
 cess by which objects are 
 so impressed on a soft 
 metal plate as to engrave 
 themselves, copies being 
 then taken for printing. 
 
 natUS (Lat. ), born ; abbr. n. 
 
 naught*, nothing, noi nou-, 
 
 0U-. 
 
 Nauheim (Bad), Grand 
 duchy of Hesse. 
 
 naatcb*f Ind. dancing en- 
 tertainment, also adj., not 
 natch. 
 
 nautical*/, abbr. naut. ; 
 — mile, 6080 feet. 
 
 Nautical Almanac* 
 (typ.),no quotation marks; 
 abbr. N.A. 
 
 nautil/us *,/>/. -i*. 
 
 nav., naval, navigation. 
 
 Navaho/, N. Amer. Indian; 
 pi. -es. 
 
 navarin (Fr. cook, m.), 
 a stew of mutton or lamb. 
 
 Navarrese, of Navarre. 
 
 Nav. Const., Naval Con- 
 structor. 
 
 navet* (Fr. m.), turnip. 
 
 navigat/ing*, -ion*, abbr. 
 (N.), or nav. 
 
 Navy and Army (the), 
 in toasts, etc., the Navy 
 precedes, being the senior 
 service. 
 
 ** Navy List " (no hyphen) . 
 
 Naz/arene*,-arite*,native 
 of Nazareth. 
 
 N.B., New Brunswick {see 
 also Scotland) ; N.B., 
 nota bene (mark well) ; 
 Nb, niobium ; N.B.B,., 
 North British Railway ; 
 n, Br. (Ger.), ndrdliche 
 Breiie (north latitude). 
 
 N.C., North Carolina 
 (offic.) ; n. Cbr, (Ger.), 
 nach Christo or nach 
 Christi Geburt (=a.d.); 
 N.C.O., Non-commis- 
 sionedOfficer,-s;N.C.U., 
 National Cyclists' Union. 
 
 N.-D. (Fr.), Notre-Dame; 
 n.d., no date; N.D.A. 
 (Amer.), National Dip- 
 loma in Agriculture ; 
 N. Dak., North Dakota 
 (offic); N.D.Ii., Nord- 
 deutscher Lloyd. 
 
 N.E., new edition. New 
 England, U.S.A., north- 
 east {see also compass), 
 North-Eastern postal dis- 
 trict, London, (Fr.) nord- 
 est (north-east). 
 
 d6 (Fr. m.), fern. nSe, 
 born. 
 
 n/e (bank.), no effects. 
 
 Neal (Daniel), 1 678-1 743, 
 Puritan writer ; — 
 (John), 1793-1876, 
 
 Amer. writer (5^^ also 
 Neele, Neill). 
 
 Neale (John Mason), 
 1818-66, hymnologist. 
 
 Neanderthal skull. 
 
 Neapolitans, inhabitants 
 of Naples. 
 
 neap tide* (two words). 
 
 near*, abbr. nr. 
 
 Nearctic *, noi Neoarctic. 
 
 neat*s-foot oil. 
 
 Nebr., Nebraska (offic. 
 abbr.). 
 
 Nebuchad/nezzar (Na- 
 buchodonosor inApocr. 
 and the Vulgate ; -rezzar, 
 in Jer. XLiii. 10, etc.). 
 
 nebul/a*, pi. -ae*. 
 
 nebulbse*, not -ise. 
 
 aScessaJre (Fr. m.), a 
 dressing-case. 
 
 Neckar, river, Wurtem- 
 berg. 
 
 Necker (Jacques), 1732- 
 1804, ^^- statesman. 
 
 nec pluribus impar 
 (Lat.), a match for many 
 (motto of Louis XIV). 
 
 nectarize *, not -ise. 
 
 N.E.D., <' New English 
 Dictionary," use O.E.D. 
 ("Oxford English Dic- 
 tionary"). 
 
 needlework* (one word). 
 
 Neeld (Sir A. D.), 1849-. 
 
 256 
 
NEELE — NESSLER'S TEST 
 
 Neele (Henry), 1798- 
 1828, poet {see also liTeal, 
 Neill). 
 
 neelghau, an antelope, 
 M5^ nylghau*. 
 
 ne'er*/, never ; (typ.) close 
 up ; — -do- well* (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 Be exeat regno (law), a 
 writ to restrain a person 
 from leaving the kingdom. 
 
 ne fasti {dies) (Lat.), blank 
 days. 
 
 NefPtzer (Auguste), 
 
 1820-76, Fr. publicist. 
 
 neg., negative, -ly. 
 
 nSg. (Fr.), negation (nega- 
 tion). 
 
 negatur (Lat.), it is denied. 
 
 neglectable*, «sg neglig- 
 ible*. 
 
 n6glig6* (Fr. m.), undress. 
 
 negligible*, not -eable. 
 
 negotiate*, «o/-ciate. 
 
 Negretti & Zambra, 
 opticians, London. 
 
 negrillo*/, not -ilo ; pi. -es. 
 
 negrito*/, pi. -es. 
 
 negro */, pi. -es. 
 
 negroid*, not -rooid. 
 
 Negus*, title of Emperor 
 of Abyssinia. 
 
 negus*, wine punch. 
 
 Neh., Nehemiah. 
 
 n.e.i., non est inventus (he, 
 she, or it, has not been 
 found). 
 
 neige{Fr. cook.f.), whisked 
 white of egg. 
 
 neighbour*/, -hood*, not 
 -or. 
 
 Neilgherry Hills, S. 
 Ind., use Nilgiri — . 
 
 Weill (Patrick), d. 1705, 
 first printer in Belfast ; 
 , 1776-X851, Sc. nat- 
 uralist ; pron. neel {see also 
 Neal, Neele). 
 
 neither*, is followed by 
 singular verb. 
 
 nematoid*, not -ode. 
 
 neat, con,*, nemine contra- 
 dicente; — diss,*, — dis- 
 sentiente. 
 
 Nemean*, of Nemea, not 
 -aean. 
 
 Nemesis* (cap.). 
 
 nemine] contradicente 
 (Lat.), unanimously, abbr. 
 nem. con, ; — dis- 
 sentiente^ no one dis- 
 senting, abbr. nem. diss, 
 
 nemoj (Lat.), nobody ; — 
 me impune iacessit 
 (Lat.), no one attacks 
 me with impunity (motto 
 of Scotland, and of the 
 Order of the Thistle). 
 
 nemophila* (bot.). 
 
 N.Eng., New England. 
 
 nenia, an elegy, not nse-. 
 
 ne nimium (Lat.), shun 
 excess. 
 
 nenuphar*, the great white 
 water-lily. 
 
 neo-Christianity* (cap. 
 C only). 
 
 Neocomian* (geol.) ( cap.) . 
 
 neo-Darwin/ian*, -ism, 
 neo-ljamarckian (hy- 
 phen, one cap.). 
 
 neologize*, to use new 
 terms, not -ise. 
 
 Neoplaton/ic *, -ism * 
 (one word). 
 
 Nep., Neptune. 
 
 Nepal, India, not -aul. 
 
 Nepean, pron. nep-een', 
 
 nephew*, abbr. n. 
 
 nefpius uitra*{'Lat.), per- 
 fection ; — quid nimis, 
 be wisely moderate. 
 
 N.E.R., North - Eastern 
 Railway (hyphen). 
 
 Nerbudda, Indian river, 
 more correctly Narbada. 
 
 nereid*/, pi. -s. 
 
 Neri (Saint Philip), 
 1515-95, founder of the 
 Congregation of the Ora- 
 tory. 
 Nernst, electric lamp* 
 nero-antico (It.), a black 
 
 marble. 
 Nesbit(E.), 1858-, writer. 
 Nesbitt (Rev. J. J.), 
 
 1865-, writer. 
 Nessler*s test (chem.). 
 
 257 
 
 17 
 
BT'EST — ITEWTON 
 
 n'est'Ce pas? (Fr.), isn't 
 that so ? 
 
 net*, not subject to deduc- 
 tion, not nett. 
 
 net*/, -ted*, -ting*. 
 
 JCfeth., Netherlands. 
 
 nett, not subject to deduc- 
 tion, usg net*. 
 
 nettle rash* (two words). 
 
 network* (one word). 
 
 Neuchatel, Switz. 
 
 NeufchateljAisne, France. 
 
 Netiilly, dep. Seine, Fr. 
 
 neurasthenia*, not neu- 
 roas-. 
 
 nenrine*, not -in. 
 
 Neuropter/on, pi. -a. 
 
 neuter*, abbr. n., or neut. 
 
 neutralize*, not -ise. 
 
 Nev., Nevada (offic. abbr.). 
 
 iI^V^*(Fr.m.),glaciersnow. 
 
 neverj-ending*, fail- 
 ing* (hyphens). 
 
 nevermore* (one word). 
 
 Nevill, family name of 
 M arquess of Abergavenny . 
 
 Neville, family name of 
 Baron Braybrooke. 
 
 new*, abbr. n. 
 
 Newbegin, Yorks. 
 
 Newbiggin, Durham, 
 Northumb.,Westmorland, 
 Yorks. 
 
 Newbigging, Forfar, Lan- 
 ark. 
 
 Newborough (Baron). 
 
 New Brunswick, abbr. 
 NJB. 
 
 Newburgh (Earl of), 
 
 Newcastle/-under- 
 
 Lyme; upon-Tyne 
 
 (hyphens). 
 
 new-comer* (hyphen). 
 
 Newdegate (Lady New- 
 digate-, not Newde-), 
 writer. 
 
 Newdigate (Sir H. R. 
 Legge), 183a-, Lieut. - 
 Gen. ; — (Sir Roger), 
 1719-1806, founder of 
 Oxford prize poem. 
 
 new edition, abbr. N.E. 
 (see also title pages). 
 
 newfangled* (one word). 
 
 258 
 
 New Forest, Hants (two 
 words) ; Newfoundland 
 (one word), abbr. NE. ; 
 New Hampshire, 
 U.S.A., abbr.N.H., never 
 abbr. as — Hants ; New- 
 haven, near Edin., Sus- 
 sex (one word) ; New 
 Haven, Connecticut, 
 U.S.A. (two words) ; 
 New Hebrides, abbr. 
 N.Heb. ; New Jersey, 
 U.S.A.,abbr.N.J.;New 
 Mexico, abbr. N.Mex. 
 
 Newmilns, Ayrshire. 
 
 Ne wnam, Georgia, U.S.A. 
 
 Newnes (Sir George), 
 1851-, publisher; pron. 
 newnz'. 
 
 Newnham College, Cam- 
 bridge (for ladies). 
 
 Newnham-Davis 
 (Lieut.- Colonel Na- 
 thaniel), 1854-, writer. 
 
 New Orleans, abbr. N.O. 
 
 new paragraph (typ.), 
 abbr. new par., or n.p., 
 sign % or [. 
 
 New Quay, Cardigan 
 (two words). 
 
 Newquay, Cornwall (one 
 word) ; pron. new'key. 
 
 New Bed Sandstone 
 (geol.) (caps.). 
 
 New South Wales (three 
 words, caps., no hyphen) ; 
 abbr. N.S.W. 
 
 newspapers (titles of) 
 (typ.), when cited, to 
 be roman double-quoted; 
 s.caps. only when in the 
 paper itself. 
 
 newsvendor*, not -er. 
 
 New Testament, abbr. 
 N.T., or New Test.; for 
 abbr. of books in, see their 
 names. 
 
 Newton-le-Willows, 
 Lanes, Yorks (hyphens); 
 Newtonmore, Inver- 
 ness (one word) ; New- 
 ton Poppleford, Devon 
 (two words) ; Ne'wton 
 Stewart, Kirkcudbright 
 
NEWTOWnS^ARDS — N.I.D. 
 
 (two words, 5^^ alsoNe^w- 
 town — ). 
 
 Newtownards, Co. Down 
 (one word) ; New^town- 
 butler, Fermanagh (one 
 word) ; !N"e"wtown- 
 
 cunningham, London- 
 derry (one word) ; New- 
 townforbes, Co. Long- 
 ford (one word); New- 
 townmountkennedy, 
 Wicklow (one word) ; 
 Newtownsands, Lim- 
 erick (one word) ; liTew- 
 to^vn Ste"wart, Tyrone 
 (two words, see also 
 Newton — ). 
 
 New Twopot House, 
 Mallow (three words). 
 
 New Year's Day (caps.). 
 
 New York, Durham, 
 Lines, Northumb. ; in 
 U.S.A. off. abbr. for city 
 or state N.Y. (two 
 words). 
 
 New-Yorker, inhabitant 
 of New York (hyphen). 
 
 New Zealand, abbr. N.Z. 
 
 nex/us* (Lat.), a tie; pi. 
 -us. 
 
 Ney (Michel), 1769-1815, 
 French marshal. 
 
 nez retroussS (Fr. m.), 
 an upturned nose. 
 
 NF., Newfoundland. 
 
 N.P., New French, Nor- 
 man-French. 
 
 N.G., National Guard, New 
 Granada ; n.g., no good ; 
 N.Qr., New Greek. 
 
 N.H., New Hampshire; 
 N.Heb., New Hebrew, 
 — Hebrides; NHQ., 
 New High German (one 
 point only). 
 
 N.I., Native Infantry ; Ni, 
 nickel. 
 
 Niam-niam, Afr. people 
 (one cap. only), not Nyam- 
 Nyam. 
 
 ** Nibelungenlied," Ger. 
 epic, ttot Nie-(one word). 
 
 niblick*, a golf club. 
 
 Nicar., Nicaragua. 
 
 niche*, a recess, not -ch ; 
 
 pron. nich. 
 Nicholas I, 1796-1855, 
 
 Emperor of Russia {see 
 
 also Nicolas). 
 •* Nicholas (Saint),** 
 
 magazine for children (^see 
 
 also Nicolas). 
 "Nicholas Nickleby,*' 
 
 by Dickens, 1838. 
 Nicholls (Sir George), 
 
 1781 - 1865, Poor Law 
 
 historian. 
 Nichols, family of printers 
 
 and antiquaries. 
 Nicholson (Sir C. A.), 
 
 1867-, Bart, (see also 
 
 Nicolson). 
 nicbt wabr? (Ger.), isn't 
 
 that so ? 
 nick* (typ.), a groove cast 
 
 in the shank of a type 
 
 as an aid in placing it 
 
 correctly, 
 nickel *y, symbol Ni; — 
 
 -plating (hyphen). 
 nicknack, use knick- 
 knack*, 
 nickname (one word). 
 Nicobar Islands, Ind. 
 
 Ocean, not Nik-. 
 Nicolas (Saint), patron of 
 
 Russia ; — (Sir Nicho- 
 
 lasH.), 1799-1848, writer 
 
 {see also Nicholas). 
 Nicole (Fran9ois), 1683- 
 
 1758, Fr. mathematician; 
 
 — (Pierre), 1625-95, 
 
 a Port Royalist. 
 NicoU (Robert), 1814- 
 
 37, Scots poet; — (W. 
 
 Robertson), 1851-, 
 
 journalist. 
 Nicol prism (physics). 
 Nicolson (Sir Arthur), 
 
 1849-, Bart.; — (Sir 
 
 A.T.B.R.), 184a-, Bart. 
 
 (see also Nicholson). 
 ** NicomacheanEthics,** 
 
 by Aristotlfe. 
 Nicosia, Cyprus, Sicily, 
 
 not Nik-. 
 N.I.D., Naval Intelligence 
 
 Department. 
 059 17 * 
 
NIDUS — N.L.P. 
 
 nid/us (Lat.), a nest; pi. -i. 
 
 " Niebelungenlied,** use 
 Nib-. 
 
 Niebuhr (Barthold 
 
 Qeorg), 1776-1831, his- 
 torian ; — (Karsten), 
 1733-1815, traveller. 
 
 niece*, a relation, «o^ nei-. 
 
 nlelljo. It. metal work ; pi. 
 
 Niepce(J. N.), 1765-1833, 
 originatorofphotography ; 
 — de Saint- Victor 
 (C. M. F.), 1805-70, 
 inventor of heliography; 
 pron. ne-eps'. 
 
 Niersteiner, a hock. 
 
 Nietzsche (F. W.), 1844- 
 90, Ger. writer. 
 
 Ni^vre, dep. France. 
 
 night-/cap*, -dress* 
 
 (hyphens), -fall* (one 
 word), -gown * (hyphen), 
 -shade*(bot.) (one word), 
 -shirt* (hyphen). 
 
 nibilj (Lat.), nothing; — 
 ad rem, nothing to the 
 purpose ; — debet, he 
 owes nothing ; — dicit, 
 he says nothing. 
 
 Nijni-Novgorod, Russ., 
 use Nizh-. 
 
 Nikobar Islands, use 
 Nic-. 
 
 Nikolaiev, Russian naval 
 head -quarters. 
 
 Nikosia, Cyprus, Sicily, 
 use Nic-. 
 
 n/// (Lat.), nothing ; — ad- 
 mirari, wondering at 
 nothing {not admiring 
 nothing) ; — COttSCire 
 sibi, to be conscious of 
 no fault ; — desperan- 
 dum, despair of nothing. 
 
 nilgau, an antelope, noi 
 the many variations. 
 
 Nilgiri Hills, S. Ind., noi 
 Neilgherry. 
 
 nil nisi cruce (Lat.), 
 nothing but by the cross. 
 
 Nilsson (Christine), 
 1843-, singer. 
 
 Hi run ni I'autre (Fr.), 
 
 neither the one nor the 
 other. 
 
 nimbus/, a halo, a rain 
 cloud ; pi. -es (not ital.). 
 
 Nimes, dep. France, not 
 Nismes. 
 
 niminy-piminy, affected- 
 ly delicate, not -i -i. 
 
 B*importel (Fr.), never 
 mind ! 
 
 nincompoop, a simpleton 
 (one word). 
 
 ninepins, a game (one 
 word). 
 
 nineteenth century 
 
 (typ.), preferred to 19th, 
 XIX, orXIXth (hyphen 
 as adj.) (-stf^a/so century). 
 
 ninth, not -eth. 
 
 niobium, symbol Nb. 
 
 nip/, -ped, -per, -ping. 
 
 Nippon, native name for 
 Japan. 
 
 nL prl., nisi pnus. 
 
 Nirvana (Budd.), cessa- 
 tion of sentient existence. 
 
 Nisbet/, Roxburgh ; — 
 & Co., publishers, Lon- 
 don, not -ett. 
 
 ll/s//(Lat.), unless;— pr/l/S, 
 unless before, abbr. ni.pri, 
 
 Nismes (Fr.), use Nimes. 
 
 nisus (Lat.), effort. 
 
 nitrate, a salt of nitric acid. 
 
 nitrite, a salt of nitrous acid. 
 
 nitrogen, symbol N. 
 
 nitrogenize, not -ise. 
 
 nitrogenous, not -eous. 
 
 nitro-glycerine, not -in 
 (hyphen). 
 
 Nitsch, a family of Ger. 
 writers. 
 
 Nizam (5. and />/.), title of 
 Haidarabad ruler. 
 
 nizam, a Turk, soldier ; pi. 
 same. 
 
 Nizhni-Novgorod,Russ. , 
 not Nijni-. 
 
 N.J., New Jersey, U.S.A. 
 
 N.Ii., New Latin ; n.l. 
 (typ.), new line; N.lat., 
 north latitude; N.L.C, 
 National Liberal Club ; 
 N.L.F., ditto Federation ; 
 
 a6o 
 
N Ji.1. — NON 
 
 W.L.I., National Life- 
 boat Institution. 
 
 Nm. (Ger.), NachmUtag 
 (afternoon), nachtniiiags 
 (p.m.) ; N.Mex., New 
 Mexico (offic. abbr.). 
 
 N.N.E., north-north-east. 
 
 N.If.W., north-north-west 
 {see also oompass). 
 
 N.O., New Orleans, (bot.) 
 natural order, -s, (Fr.) 
 fiord-ouest (north-west). 
 
 No., from It. numero (num- 
 ber) ; pi. KTos. J in Fr. n^ 
 
 ' (no point). 
 
 no, pi. noes. 
 
 nobis (Lat.), for, or on, our 
 part ; abbr. nob, 
 
 noblesse} (Fr. f.), nobility; 
 — oblige, — imposes 
 obligations. 
 
 node (Lat.), at night; 
 abbr. n. 
 
 ** Noctes AjnbrosiansB," 
 articles in ** Blackwood's 
 Magazine." 
 
 nocturne, picture, dreamy 
 mus. piece (not ital.). 
 
 N.O.D., Naval Ordnance 
 Department. 
 
 nod/, -ded, -ding. 
 
 Noel (Fr. m.), Christmas. 
 
 naeud (Fr. m.), a knot. 
 
 noisette (Fr. f.), a hazel- 
 nut. 
 
 noisome, noxious (no con- 
 nexion with noise). 
 
 noisy, not -ey. 
 
 nolens volens (Lat.), un- 
 willing or willing. 
 
 noli-me-tangere, a plant, 
 also a disease. 
 
 NoUekens (Joseph), 
 1 737-1823, sculptor. 
 
 nolle prosequi {Lat.), will 
 not continue ; abbr. noL 
 pros, 
 
 nolo] (Lat.), I will not ; — 
 contendere, the plea 
 ' ' guilty " ; — episcopari, 
 I do not wish to be a 
 bishop. 
 
 noL pros,, nolle prosequi 
 (will not continue). 
 
 nom., nominative. 
 
 nomadize, not -ise. 
 
 no-man*s-land,unclaimed 
 territory (apos., hyphens). 
 
 nomj de guerre (Fr. m.), 
 — de plume (Ang.-Fr.), 
 or nomj littSraire, or 
 pseudonyme, a literary 
 pseudonym ; — de tbSa- 
 tre, stage-name. 
 
 nomjen (Lat.), a name, pi. 
 -ina, abbr. W. ; nomenj 
 genericum, a generic 
 name ; — Specificitm, a 
 specific name. 
 
 nomic, conventional. 
 
 nomin., nominative. 
 
 nominalize, not -ise. 
 
 nominative, abbr. n., 
 nom., ornomin. 
 
 nonj (Lat.), not; — as- 
 sumpsit, a denial of any 
 promise. 
 
 nonce-"word, one used for 
 the nonce. 
 
 nonchalance, indiflfer- 
 ence (not ital.). 
 
 nonchalant/, indifferent ; 
 in Fr. f. -e. 
 
 Non- commissioned of- 
 ficer/, -s, abbr. W.C.O. 
 
 non compos mentis 
 (Lat.), of unsound mind. 
 
 non con., non-content, or 
 dissentient. 
 
 Nonconformist (cap.). 
 
 non constat (Lat.), it is 
 not clear. 
 
 non coups (Fr.), uncut 
 ' leaves. 
 
 non-ego (metaph.), the 
 not-self (ital.). 
 
 non estj (Lat.), it is want- 
 ing; inventus, he, 
 
 she, or it has not been 
 found, abbr. n.e.i. 
 
 nonesuch, without equal, 
 not nonsuch (one word). 
 
 nonet or nonetto (mus.), 
 composition for nine. 
 
 noni inventus (Lat.), not 
 found ; — libet, it does 
 not please (me) ; — licet, 
 it is not permitted ; — 
 
 a6i 
 
NOW — 2SrORWAY 
 
 liquet, it is not clear ; — 
 mi ricordo (It.), I do 
 not remember ; — nobis 
 (Lat.), not unto us; — 
 obstante (Lat.% not- 
 withstanding, abbr. non 
 obst ; non obstante 
 veredicto, notwithstand- 
 ing the verdict. 
 nonpareil, unequalled ; 
 (typ.) a size of type, six point, 
 twelve lines to the inch, as this. 
 
 In Fr. nonpareille, Ger. 
 Nanpareille, 
 
 non placet (Lat.), it does 
 not commend itself. 
 
 nonplus/, -sed, -sing. 
 
 non plus ultra (Lat.), per- 
 fection. 
 
 non] possumus (Lat.%we 
 cannot ; — prosequitur, 
 he does not prosecute, 
 abbr. non pros. ; — 
 rOgn6 (Fr.), with uncut 
 and untrimmed leaves ; — 
 sequitur (Lat.), it does 
 not follow logically, abbr. 
 non seq, 
 
 nonsuch, use nonesuch, 
 
 nonsuit (one word). 
 
 noon, abbr. n. 
 
 noonday (one word). 
 
 no one (two words). 
 
 n.o.p., not otherwise pro- 
 vided for. 
 
 no par. (typ.), matter to 
 run on, and have no break. 
 
 Nor., Norman. 
 
 nord (Fr. m.). north ; abbr. 
 N. 
 
 Norddeutscher Lloyd 
 (two words) ;abbr.N".D.Ij. 
 
 Nordenfeldt gun. 
 
 Nordenskjold (N. A. E., 
 baron), 1832-1901, tra- 
 veller, not -iold. 
 
 nordj-est (Ft.), north-east, 
 abbr. N.E. ; — -ouest, 
 north-west,abbr.!N'.0.(no 
 caps, except for abbrs.). 
 
 NorgG, local name for 
 Norw^ay. 
 
 norm, an authoritative 
 standard. 
 
 Norm (Ger. typ. t), the 
 sheet signature (cap.). 
 
 normja (Lat.), a rule or 
 measure; pi. -as, 
 
 normalize, to standardize, 
 not -ise. 
 
 Wormanby (Marq. of). 
 
 normande (k la) (Fr. 
 cook.), apple-flavoured 
 (not cap.). 
 
 Noronha (Fernando), 
 isles in S. Atlantic. 
 
 Norrkoping, Sweden. 
 
 KTorroy, the third King-of- 
 Arms. 
 
 Worse, abbr. W. 
 
 north, abbr. W. (see also 
 compass"). 
 
 north., northern. 
 
 North (Christopher), 
 pen-name of Prof. J. 
 Wilson, 1785-1854. 
 
 Northallerton, Yorks 
 (one word). • 
 
 North Am eric/a, -an, 
 abbr. N. A., or N. Amer. 
 
 Northamptonshire, 
 abbr. Northants. 
 
 North Britain, or Scot- 
 land, abbr. Scot., not 
 N.B. 
 
 north-east, abbr. N.E. 
 (see also compass). 
 
 northern, abbr. N., or 
 north. 
 
 "North-German Gaz- 
 ette** (one hyphen). 
 
 North Hm, Cornwall 
 (two words). 
 
 Northill, Beds (one word). 
 
 North Pole (caps.). 
 
 Northumb., Northumber- 
 land. 
 
 North Wales, abbr. N."W. 
 
 north-'west, abbr. N.'W. 
 (see also compass). 
 
 Norvic, signature of Bp. 
 of Norwich (full point"). 
 
 Norw., Norway, Nor- 
 wegian. 
 
 'Norwsiy, local name 
 Norge; in Fr. Norvege 
 (see also Assemblies, 
 Sweden). 
 
 a6a 
 
NORWEGIAN — NOVA 
 
 Norwegian typogra- 
 phy, practically as Dan- 
 ish. 
 
 n^s, numeros (numbers). 
 
 nosce teipsum (Lat.), 
 
 know thyself, 
 nos/e, -y, not -ey. 
 nose-piece (hyphen). 
 nostalgia, home-sickness, 
 
 not -gy. 
 ttOSter (Lat.), our, our own ; 
 
 abbr. N. 
 Nostradamus (Michel 
 
 de Nostredame), 1503- 
 
 66, Fr. astrologer, 
 nostrum/, pi. -a (not 
 
 ital.). 
 nota bene (Lat.), mark 
 
 well ; abbr. N.B. 
 notabitia (Lat.), notable 
 
 things. 
 notandjum (Lat.), a thing 
 
 to be noted ; pi. -a. 
 Notary -Public, law of- 
 ficer (caps., hyphen) ; 
 
 abbr. N.P. 
 notation {seg figures), 
 note/, -s, abbr. n. (see 
 
 bottom, cut-in, foot-, 
 
 shoulder-, side-), 
 notebook (one word). 
 note of/ admiration or 
 
 exclamation (!) ; 
 
 interrogation (?) (see 
 
 punctuation, XVII, 
 
 XVIII). 
 note-paper (size folded) : 
 
 Albert, 6 x s'/g !»• 
 
 Bath, 8x7 
 
 billet, 6x4 
 
 commercial, 8x5 
 
 octavo, 7 X 4V2 
 
 packet, 9 X 5V2 
 
 Prince of Wales, 
 
 4V2 X 3 
 
 Queen, s'/g x 3V2 
 notic/e, -eable, -ing. 
 notif/y, -ied, -ying. 
 notitija (Lat.), a list; pi. 
 
 -as. 
 not proven (see proven). 
 notre (Fr. adj.), our; 
 
 ndtre (le, la), pronoun, 
 
 ours; lesndtres, our folk. 
 
 Notre-Dame (Our Lady>, 
 abbr. N.-D., Fr. name of 
 many churches, not No- 
 (hyphen). 
 
 Nottinghamshire, abbr. 
 Notts. 
 
 notjum (Lat.), the back (of 
 an insect) ; pi. -a. 
 
 n'oubliez pas (Fr.), don't 
 forget. 
 
 nougat (Fr. m.), a con- 
 fection ; pron. noo'gah. 
 
 nought, use nau- *. 
 
 noumen/on (metaph.), pi, 
 -a. 
 
 noun, abbr. n. 
 
 nouns (collective), if re- 
 garded as a whole to be 
 treated as singular, as the 
 army is, the committee 
 meets, the company was, 
 the French people is a 
 great nation. If regarded 
 individually, to be treated 
 as plural, as the French 
 people are thrifty ; — or 
 adjectives 0/ nation or 
 place, in frequent com- 
 mercial use, need no 
 caps., as french polish, -er, 
 morocco leather, plaster 
 of paris, prussian blue, 
 turkey red. 
 
 nouns (German), all have 
 initial caps. 
 
 nous (Fr.), we; abbr. n., 
 before a verb nj. 
 
 nous (Gr.), shrewdness ; 
 pron. nows (ital.). 
 
 nous avons cbangS tout 
 eel a (Fr.), we have 
 changed all that. 
 
 nous verrons (Fr.), we 
 shall see. 
 
 nouveauj ricbe} (Fr. m.), a 
 parvenu ; pi. -x -S. 
 
 nouveautSs ( magasin 
 de) (Fr. m.), linendraper's 
 shop, not — des — . 
 
 nouvelles (Fr. f. pi.), 
 news. 
 
 Nov., November. 
 
 Nova/ Scotia, Canada, 
 abbr. N.S.j — Zembla, 
 263 
 
NOVEBOKACENSIAN — NUMSKULL 
 
 Arctic islands (two words, 
 caps.). 
 
 Noveboracensian, of 
 New York, not Nova-. 
 
 novelette, a small novel. 
 
 novelize, not -ise. 
 
 November, abbr. Nov. 
 
 novitiate, not -ciate. 
 
 novas homo (Lat.), a 
 self-made man; pi. novi 
 homines, 
 
 no'wadays (one word). 
 
 no"V7here (one word). 
 
 noyau, a liqueur. 
 
 N.P., New Providence, No- 
 tary-Public ; n.p. (typ.), 
 new paragraph ; N.P.D. 
 (naut.), nortla polar dis- 
 tance ; N.P.L., National 
 Physical Laboratory, 
 
 Teddington. 
 
 Nr. (Ger.), Nummer (num- 
 ber) ; nr.,near; N.R.A., 
 National Rifle Associa- 
 tion. 
 
 N.S., National Society, New 
 School, — Series, — Side, 
 — Style (after 175a), 
 Nova Scotia, Numismatic 
 Society; N.-S., Notre- 
 Seigmur (Our Lord) ; n.S., 
 not specified ; n/s (bkg.), 
 not sufficient ; N.S.A., 
 National Skating Asso- 
 ciation ; N.S.LC. (Lat.), 
 Nosier Salvatorlesus Chris- 
 tus; N.-S. J.-C. (Fr.), 
 Notre - Seigneur Jesus - 
 Christ (Our Lord Jesus 
 Christ); N.S. P. CO., 
 National Society for the 
 Prevention of Cruelty to 
 Children ; N.S. Tripos, 
 Natural Science Tripos; 
 N.S.S., New Shakspere 
 Society; N.S.W., New 
 South Wales. 
 
 N.T., New Testament, — 
 Translation, (Australia) 
 Northern Territory. 
 
 n.U., name unknown. 
 
 nuance, tint (not ital.). 
 
 Nubecul/a, the Magellanic 
 clouds ; pi. -8d. 
 
 nucle/us, pi. -i. 
 
 nudis verbis (Lat.), in 
 plain words. 
 
 nugiB (Lat.), trifles. 
 
 -nugger, Indian sufiBx (see 
 -nagar). 
 
 null {Fr.),/em. -/e, no one. 
 
 nullo (typ.), the o, or zero. 
 
 nullah, a dry water- 
 course. 
 
 nulla - nulla, Austral, 
 wooden club, not -ah -ah. 
 
 nullify, -ied, -jnLng. 
 
 nulll secundus (Lat.), 
 second to none. 
 
 Num., Numbers (Old 
 Test.), not Numb. 
 
 num., numeral, -s. 
 
 number, abbr. No., pi. 
 Nos. {see also figures). 
 
 number (house), in road 
 or street, not to be fol- 
 lowed by a point, as, 
 6 Fleet Street. 
 
 numbers, abbr. Nos. {see 
 also figures). 
 
 numerals (roman), caps. 
 I,ir,V,X,L,C,D,M,not 
 to be followed by a point. 
 For kings, rulers, etc., the 
 name should be in lower 
 case, and the numeral in 
 caps, as, Henry V, Ed- 
 ward VII (no point). 
 Lower case i, ii, etc., 
 should be used for pagina- 
 tion of preliminary matter. 
 In Fr. no full point after. 
 In Ger. full point with 
 arable or roman ordinal 
 numbers, but not cardinal. 
 Abbr. num. 
 
 num£rlateur (Fr. m.), nu- 
 merator ; -O, number, 
 abbr. n", pi. n°^; 
 -Oter, to number (e.g. 
 pages) ; -Oteur, number- 
 ing machine. 
 
 numis., numismatic, -s, 
 numismatology. 
 
 Nummer {Ger. f.), number, 
 abbr. Nr, 
 
 numskull, a dunce, not 
 numb-. 
 
 a64 
 
NUNC — NJZ. 
 
 nunc aut nunquam 
 
 (Lat.), now or never. 
 Nunc dimittis (Lat.), 
 
 Simeon's canticle. 
 nuncheon, a midday meal, 
 
 not -ion. 
 nuncio, a papal messenger ; 
 
 pi. -8. 
 Nuneham, near Oxford 
 
 {see also Newn-). 
 nunquam (Lat.), never, 
 nuphar, yellow water-lily. 
 nur, nurr, a hard knot in 
 
 wood, use knur *. 
 Nuremberg, «o/ -burg; in 
 
 Ger. Niimb". 
 nurl, use kn- *. 
 nurs/e, -ing. 
 nurseryman (one word). 
 N.U.T., National Union of 
 
 Teachers, 
 nut/, -ted, -ting, 
 nut/crackers ; -hatch, a 
 
 bird ; -shell (one word). 
 N.U.W.W., National 
 
 Union of Women Work- 
 ers. 
 nux vomica (two words) ; 
 
 abbr. nux vom. 
 
 N.V., New Version ; 
 N.V.M., Nativity of the 
 Virgin Mary. 
 
 N.W., North Wales, north- 
 west {see compass), 
 North - Western postal 
 district, London ; N.W. 
 Prov., North - West 
 Provinces, India ; 
 
 N.W.S.A., National 
 Women's Suffrage Asso- 
 ciation ; N. W.T., North- 
 west Territory. 
 
 N.Y., New York, city or 
 state, U.S.A. (offic). 
 
 Nyam-Nyam, ws^Niam- 
 niam. 
 
 Nyassaland, Eq. Afr., 
 not Nyasa- (one word). 
 
 N.Y.H.S., New York 
 Historical Society. 
 
 nylghau*, not nilgau. 
 
 nyraph/a (anat.); pi, -ae. 
 
 NymphsBa, white water- 
 lily. 
 
 Nysa, an asteroid. 
 
 Nyssa, a genus of plants. 
 
 N.Z., New Zealand. 
 
 965 
 
N NOTES 
 
 
N NOTES 
 
 a67 
 
O. — OBSTBUCTOB 
 
 O., Odd Fellows, Ohio 
 
 (U.S.A.), old, Order (as 
 D.S.O.), owner, the four- 
 teenth in a series, all 
 proper names with this 
 initial, (Fr. m.) ouest 
 (west), (Ger. m.) Osten 
 (east), (naut.) overcast, 
 (typ.) overseer. 
 
 O, oxygen, (Lat.) ociavus 
 (a pint). 
 
 O ! 5^^ Oh ! 
 
 O**, Ir. name prefix; (typ.) 
 use apos. as O'Neill, not 
 turned comma, 
 
 O*, abbr. for of. 
 
 O (Dan., Sw.), island. 
 
 0, the "Danish" o. 
 
 o/a, on account of. 
 
 Oak-apple Day, 29 May. 
 
 Oakeley (Sir C. W. A.), 
 1828- ; — (Sir Evelyn), 
 1833- ; - (Sir H. S.), 
 1 830- 1903, M us. Doc. 
 
 Oakley (Sir Henry), 
 1 823-. 
 
 oarweed, use ore-*. 
 
 oas/is*, pi. -es*. 
 
 oatcake (one word). 
 
 Oates (Titus), 1 649-1 705. 
 
 oatmeal* (one word). 
 
 ob., oboe, obolus (half- 
 penny). 
 
 06., obiit (he, she, or it 
 died). 
 
 Obadiah, abbr. Obad. 
 
 obbUgato* (It. mus.), not 
 obi-; abbr. obb. 
 
 obeah*, witchcraft, etc., not 
 obea, obeeyah, obi. 
 
 obelisk*, not -isc ; (typ.) 
 the dagger mark (f ) ; 
 double obelisk*, J. 
 
 obel/us*, critical mark,//. 
 -i*; in ancient MSS. — , 
 •rr, or-):. 
 
 Ober-Ammergau, Bav- 
 aria (caps., hyphen). 
 
 obi, use obeah*. 
 
 obiitl (Lat.), he, she, or it 
 
 died, abbr. ob. ; — sine 
 
 prole, died without issue, 
 
 abbr. ob.S.p. 
 obiter] dictum* (Lat.), a 
 
 thing said by the way, pi. 
 
 — dicta * ; — script\um, 
 
 ditto written, pi. — a. 
 object/, -ion, -ive, -ively, 
 
 abbr. obj. 
 object-glass* (hyphen). 
 obi., oblique, oblong. 
 obligato, use obb-*. 
 obliger *, one who obliges, 
 obligor* (law). 
 oblique, abbr. obi. 
 obliviscence*, forgetful- 
 
 ness. 
 oblong, abbr. obi. 
 obo/e* (mus.), «o/hautbois, 
 
 -boy; abbr. ob. ; -ist*, 
 
 not -eist. 
 obol/us*, a coin; pi. -i*, 
 
 abbr. ob. 
 O'Brien (W. S.), 1803-64, 
 
 Irish patriot. 
 O'Bryan ("W.), 1778-1868, 
 
 founder Bible-Christians; 
 
 his followers Bryanites, 
 
 not O'-. 
 obs., observation, observa- 
 tory, obsolete, 
 obsequ/ies*, the sing, -y* 
 
 not used. 
 observanda* (Lat.), things 
 
 to be observed, 
 observat/ion, -ory, abbr. 
 
 obs. 
 obsession*, 
 obsidian * (mineral.). 
 obsolescen/ce*, -t*, be- 
 coming obsolete, 
 obsolete, abbr. obs. 
 ob.S.p. f obiit sine prole (died 
 
 without issue). 
 obstetrics, abbr. obstet. 
 obstructor*, not -er. 
 
 068 
 
OBVERSE — ODORIFEROUS 
 
 obverse *, that side of a 
 coin with the head or 
 main device. 
 O.C., Old Carthusian, — 
 
 Catholic, — Cheltonian. 
 O.C, opere citato (in the work 
 
 cited). 
 o*c., MS. abbr. for o'clock. 
 o/c, overcharge. 
 Occam/ (Williain of), 
 1280-1349 ; -ism *, -ist*, 
 not Ockham. 
 Occidental*, western 
 
 (cap.). 
 occip/ut*,-ital*(notital.). 
 occur/*, -red*, -rence*, 
 
 -rent*, -ring*. 
 OCelljUS*, an eyelet ;pl.-i*. 
 ochJocracy*, mob-rule. 
 ochone, use ohone*. 
 ochr/e*, -eous*, -y*, not 
 
 -er, oker. 
 Ochterlony (Sir D. F.), 
 
 1848-. 
 Ockham, Surrey {see also 
 
 Occam), 
 o'clock* (typ.), close up, 
 not to be abbreviated 
 in print ; MS. abbr. o*C. 
 O* Connell (Daniel), 1775- 
 
 1847. 
 O'Connor (T. P.), 1848-, 
 
 journalist, politician. 
 O'Conor (Sir W. R.), 
 
 1843-. 
 O* Conor Don (The) (cap. 
 
 T). 
 Oct., October. 
 octahedr/al*,-on,^/. -a*, 
 not octae-, octoe-, octoh-. 
 octaroon, use octo- *.• 
 octastyle *, having eight 
 
 columns, not octo-. 
 Octateuch*, first eight 
 
 books O.T., not Octo-. 
 octavo/*, a book having 
 eight leaves, or sixteen 
 pages, to the sheet ;/>/. -s, 
 abbr. 8vo (no point) 
 (for sizes, see books), 
 octet* (mus.), not -ett, 
 
 -ette, ottett (not ital.). 
 October, abbr. Oct. 
 octodeoimo/*,oreighteen- 
 
 mo,a book having eighteen 
 leaves, or thirty-six pages, 
 to the sheet ; pi. -s, abbr. 
 18mo (no point). 
 octopus/*, pi. -es* ; pron, 
 
 6k-t0'pus. 
 octoroon*, «o^octa-. 
 octroi* (Fr. m.), munici- 
 pal customs duties. 
 Oculi Sunday*, third in 
 
 Lent. 
 oculjus*, an eye ; pi. -/*. 
 O.D., Old Dutch, Ordnance 
 
 Datum. 
 od*, a hypothetical force. 
 odal*, land held in absolute 
 
 ownership, not udal. 
 odalisque* (Turk.), female 
 
 slave, not -isk. 
 O.Dan., Old Danish. 
 Odd Fellows (official, two 
 words, caps.) ; abbr. O., 
 or O.F. 
 oddfolios, orpages (typ.), 
 the right-hand pages, 
 numbered i, 3, 5, etc. 
 oddments* (typ.)? the 
 parts of a book separate 
 from the body, such as 
 title, contents; also a 
 section containing an odd 
 number of pages. 
 Odelsthing, lower house 
 
 Norw. Parliament. 
 Od6on, Paris theatre. 
 Odeypore, use Udaipur. 
 odi profanum valgus 
 (Lat.), I loathe the com- 
 mon herd. 
 odiumj aestbeticum* 
 (Lat.), the bitterness of 
 aesthetic controversy ; — 
 medicum*, ditto medi- 
 cal ; — musicum*, ditto 
 musical ; — tbeologi- 
 cum *, ditto theological. 
 odometer, use h- *. 
 O'Donoghue of the 
 
 Glens (The) (cap. T). 
 0*Donovan(The)(cap. T). 
 odontoglossum/*, an or- 
 chid ; pi. -S. 
 odor/if erous*, -ize*, 
 -izer, -ous*. 
 
 269 
 
ODOR — O.GAEL. 
 
 odor lucri (Lat.), the 
 
 expectation of gain. 
 
 odour/*, -less*, not -or. 
 
 Odysseus, Gr. for Ulysses. 
 
 Odyss/ey *, Gr. epic ; 
 -ean* (not ital.). 
 
 O.E., 01dEnglish,omissions 
 excepted. 
 
 oe (ligature), for single 
 sounds, is in England 
 generally employed in 
 English, French, Greek, 
 Latin, and Old English 
 words, and should there- 
 fore be used in place of 
 the separate letters oe. 
 The separate letters 
 should be restricted to 
 works for students of the 
 ,^ classics. 
 
 ()e (Dan., Sw.), old form 
 for island, use O. 
 
 CEcist*, the founder of a 
 Gr. colony, not oek-, oik-. 
 
 CBCology*, the science 
 deahngwith the relations 
 of organisms to their sur- 
 roundings, not oek-. 
 
 CECumenic/*, -al*, notec-. 
 
 O.E.D., the *' Oxford 
 English Dictionary," not 
 N.E.D. (the New ditto). 
 
 oedema/ *, a swelling ; 
 -tous, not ed-. 
 
 (Edipus *,theTheban hero, 
 not Edi-, Oedi-. 
 
 Oehlenschlager(Adain) , 
 1 777-1850, Dan. writer. 
 
 a?//(Fr. m.), eyc,pl.yeux; 
 oeil'de-bceuf*, a small 
 round window, pi. WilS' 
 
 ; oeil-de-perdrix, 
 
 a soft corn,/*/, ceils . 
 
 o*er* (typ.), to be close up. 
 
 Oersted (H. C), 1777- 
 1851, physicist. 
 
 CESophag/us*, the gullet; 
 pi. -i; -eal, not e- (not 
 ital.). 
 
 Oesterley (Rev. W. 
 O. E.), 1866-, writer. 
 
 Oesterreich (Ger.), Aus- 
 tria, use Os-. 
 
 ceuf (Fr. m.), egg; asufs h 
 
 la coque, boiled eggs ; 
 ceufsjhlanelge.-whisked 
 eggs ; — k rindienne, 
 
 curried eggs. 
 
 oeuvres (Fr. f.), works. 
 
 O.P., Odd Fellows, Old 
 French, (typ.) old-face 
 type. 
 
 off., official, officinal. 
 
 Offa's Dyke, between Eng. 
 and Wales (apos.). 
 
 off-cast*, cast oflf (hyphen). 
 
 offcut* (typ.), a piece cut 
 off a sheet to reduce it to 
 the proper size ; also a 
 part cut off for separate 
 folding (one word^. 
 
 Offenbach (Jacques), 
 1819-80, composer. 
 
 offence*, not -se. 
 
 offer/*, -ed*, -ing*, -tory*. 
 
 offg., officiating. 
 
 off-hand/ *,-ed* (hyphen). 
 
 official/, abbr. off., or 
 offic. ; — envelopes, 
 8^/4 X 3^/4 in-, to take 
 foolscap folded in four. 
 
 officialize *, not -ise. 
 
 officiating, abbr. offg. 
 
 officiaa* (Lat.), a work- 
 shop {see also oficina). 
 
 officinal, abbr. off. 
 
 offprint* (typ.), a separ- 
 ately printed copy, or 
 small edition, ofan article, 
 which originally appeared 
 as part of a larger pub- 
 lication. 
 
 offset* (typ.), the transfer 
 of ink from its proper 
 sheet. 
 
 offshoot* (one word). 
 
 off-shore*, adj. (hyphen). 
 
 offside (football) (one 
 word). 
 
 oficina* (Sp.), a S. Amer. 
 factory [see also Off-). 
 
 O.P.M., Order of Friars 
 Minor. 
 
 oft-times*, hyphen. 
 
 O.G., ogee, a moulding, not 
 OG. ; Outside Guard ; 
 Olympian games. 
 
 O.Gael., Old Gaelic 
 
 970 
 
OGEE — OLIPHANT 
 
 ogee/*, a moulding ; abbr. 
 O.G. ; -d*. 
 
 Ogg (Sir W. A.), 1823-. 
 
 ogham*, ancient alphabet, 
 not ogam, -um, -hum. 
 
 O'Grady (The) (cap. T). 
 
 ogre/*,/>/. -3,/em. -ss*,^/. 
 -sses ; -ish, not -rish. 
 
 Oh!* (interjection), use O! 
 except when it is detached 
 from what follows, or is a 
 cry of pain, etc. (O.E.D.). 
 
 O.H.B.M.S., On His, or 
 Her, Britannic Majesty's 
 Service. 
 
 OHG., Old High German. 
 
 Ohio, U.S.A., off. abbr. O. 
 
 Ohm (G. S.), 1787-1854, 
 physicist. 
 
 ohm.* (elec), unit of resist- 
 ance ; legal — , symbol 
 
 La 
 
 O.H.M.S., On His, or 
 Her, Majesty's Service. 
 
 Ohnet (Georges), 1848-, 
 Fr. writer. ' 
 
 oho ! * exclamation of sur- 
 prise, not O ho, Oh ho, etc. 
 
 ohone*, Gael, and Ir. cry 
 of lamentation, not och-. 
 
 O.H.S., Oxford Historical 
 Society. 
 
 oidium *, a fungus, not 0I-. 
 
 o/e (Fr. f.), goose. 
 
 olgnon (Fr. m.), onion. 
 
 oikist, use cecist*. 
 
 oil/cake*, -cloth* (one 
 word). 
 
 oil/-Golour, — -paint- 
 ing* (hyphens). 
 
 oil/skin*, -stone* (one 
 word). 
 
 Oipolloi (Gr.), the people, 
 use bo J — . 
 
 O.Ir., Old Irish. 
 
 Olson (Fr. m.), gosling. 
 
 oka* (Egypt., Turk.), about 
 2^/4 lb., also '/g of a quart. 
 
 okapi, giraffe-zebra-Iike 
 animal. 
 
 O'Kelly (The) (cap. T). 
 
 Oken(Iiorenz), 1 779-1851, 
 naturalist. 
 
 Oklahoma Territory, 
 
 U.S.A. ; abbr. Okla. 
 Terr. 
 
 Oktav (Ger. n.), octavo 
 (cap. ) ; breites — , crown 
 8vo. 
 
 O.Ii., Officer of (the Order 
 of) Leopold, Old Latin. 
 
 01., Olympiad. 
 
 Olaf (St.), patron of Nor- 
 way. 
 
 Olcott (Col. H. S.), 1830-, 
 theosophist. 
 
 old/, abbr. O. ; clothes- 
 man*, — -clothes- 
 shop* (hyphens). 
 
 Old - English type, 
 
 i)lac!i letter as t|is ; 
 
 abbr. O.E. 
 
 old-face type, earliest form 
 of roman type of fifteenth 
 century, as this ; abbr. O.F, 
 
 old-fashioned * (hyphen). 
 
 Old Man of the Sea, in 
 "Arab. Nights" (caps.). 
 
 Old Meldrum, Aberdeen. 
 
 Old Red Sandstone 
 (geol.) (caps.). 
 
 old-style type, that made 
 in imitation of the roman 
 letters used before 1800, as 
 this, caps. A.B.C. etc. ; 
 generally called "revived 
 old style"; abbr. O.S. 
 
 Oldswinford, Worcs. (one 
 word). 
 
 Old Testament, abbr. 
 O.T., or Old Test. ; for 
 abbr.ofbooks,5^^ each title. 
 
 oleiferous*, oil-producing, 
 not olif-. 
 
 oleography*, a method of 
 chromolithography. 
 
 oleomargarine* (one 
 word), pron, g as in go ; 
 abbr. oleo*. 
 
 OLG., Old Low German. 
 
 Olifant River, S. Afr. 
 
 Oligocene* (geol.) (cap., 
 not ital.). 
 
 Oliphant (Laurence), 
 1829-88, writer and 
 mystic ; — (Mrs.), 1828- 
 97, writer (see also Olli-). 
 
 871 
 
OLIVE — OOZY 
 
 olive/-branch*, — -oil* 
 
 (hyphens). 
 Olivetan*, an order of 
 
 monks, not -ian. 
 ollapodrida*,Sp. national 
 
 dish, also a medley (not 
 
 ital.). 
 Ollivant (Sir E. C. K.), 
 
 1846-, Ind. Civil Servant 
 
 (see also Oliphant). 
 011ivier(0.E.), 1825-, Fr. 
 
 statesman and writer. 
 Olney (Kichard), 1843-, 
 
 Amer. statesman. 
 Olympiad, abbr. Ol. 
 O.M., (Member of the) Order 
 
 of Merit. 
 o.m., old measurement, 
 omadhami*, Irish term of 
 
 contempt, not the many 
 
 variations. 
 Omagh, Co. Tyrone. 
 Omar Khayyd,m, 1050?- 
 
 1122, Pers. poet. 
 Omdurman, Sudan. 
 omelet*, in Fr. f. ome- 
 lette; omelette souf- 
 
 flSe, a puff omelet. 
 omicron, the Gr. o, not 
 
 omik-. 
 omissions (typ.), to be 
 
 indicated by three points, 
 
 not asterisks, separated by 
 
 em quads (see also delea- 
 
 tur, ellipsis), 
 omit/*, -ted*, -ting*. 
 Om mani padme bum, 
 
 Buddhist invocation, 
 omnibus/*, pi. -es; abbr. 
 
 bus*, not 'bus, pi. buses, 
 omnium gatherum*, a 
 
 confused medley (no 
 
 hyphen, not ital.). 
 O.M.T., Old Merchant 
 
 Taylors (School or pupil). 
 O.M. v., Master of Obstet- 
 rics, Vienna. 
 O.N"., Old Norse. 
 on-coming* (hyphen). 
 onj dit* (Fr. m. s. and pi.), 
 
 gossip. 
 one (a, not an). 
 one-and-tw^enty*, etc. 
 
 (hyphens). 
 
 one-eighth {see frac- 
 tions). 
 
 Oneida, socialistic commu- 
 nity. 
 
 one-ideaed* (hjrphen). 
 
 oneirocritic*, an inter- 
 preter of dreams, not 
 onir-. 
 
 oneness* (a, not an) 
 (one word). 
 
 oneself*, not one's self 
 (one word). 
 
 one-sided* (hyphen). 
 
 O.N.F., Old Norman- 
 French. 
 
 onlook/*, -er*, -ing* (one 
 word). 
 
 on ne passe pas (Fr.), no 
 thoroughfare. 
 
 onomasticon* (Gr.), a 
 vocabulary of proper 
 names. 
 
 onom atopoe/ia * . -ial *, 
 -ian*, -ic*, ' -ical*, 
 -ically*, word formation 
 by imitation of sound ; 
 abbr. onomat. 
 
 onomatopo/esis*, -etic*, 
 -etically*, not -poiesis. 
 
 onrush (one word). 
 
 onset/*, -ter*, -ting*. 
 
 on snore* (naut.) (two 
 words, hyphen as adj.). 
 
 onside (football) (one 
 word). 
 
 Ont., Ontario, Upper 
 Canada. 
 
 ontologize *, not -ise. 
 
 onus*, burden (hot ital.). 
 
 onus proband! (Lat.), 
 burden of proof (ital.). 
 
 %, per cent, -age. 
 
 Oodeypore, India, use 
 TJdaipur. 
 
 oof*, money. 
 
 oolong*, a tea, not 
 
 OU-. 
 
 oomiak*, Eskimo boat, not 
 the many variations. 
 
 oopak*, a tea, not -ack. 
 
 Ootacamund, Madras, use 
 Utak- ; colloq. abbr. 
 Ooty. 
 
 oozy *, muddy, not -ey. 
 
 97a 
 
O.P. — ORDER 
 
 O.P., Old Playgoers (Club), 
 Old Prices, Ordinis Prxdi- 
 catorutn (of the Order of 
 Preachers, or Domini- 
 cans). 
 
 O.p.*, overproof; (theat.) 
 opposite the prompter's 
 side, or the actors right ; 
 (typ.) out of print. 
 
 op. (Lat.), opus (work), 
 opera (works). 
 
 opalize*, «o^-ise. 
 
 op. cit., opere citato (in the 
 work quoted) (not ital.). 
 
 open/-hearted*, -mouth- 
 ed* (hyphens). 
 
 Open Sesame* (caps., 
 two words). 
 
 open-work/ *, -ed *, -ing * 
 (hyphens). 
 
 Opera butfa* (It.), comic 
 opera ; in Fr. OpSra 
 bouffe*. 
 
 Op6ra-Comique, Paris 
 theatre (hyphen). 
 
 opera-glass* (hyphen). 
 
 opercid/um* (biol.), a 
 cover; pi, -a* (not 
 ital.). 
 
 Opere] citato (Lat.), in the 
 work quoted, abbr. O.C, 
 or op. cit. ; — in medio, 
 in the midst of the work. 
 
 ophicleide*, not -eid. 
 
 ophiology*, study of ser- 
 pents, not ophid-. 
 
 ophthalmic*, of the eye. 
 
 Opie (Amelia) , 1 769-1 853, 
 writer; — (John), 1761- 
 1807, painter. 
 
 O.p.n., ora pro nobis (pray 
 for us). 
 
 opodeldoc*, a liniment. 
 
 opopanax*, a perfume. 
 
 opp., opposed, opposite. 
 
 oppressor*, not -&t, 
 
 opt., optative, optical, op- 
 tician, optics. 
 
 optime* (Camb.), one 
 next in merit to wranglers 
 (not ital.) ; pron. Op'ti- 
 mS, abbr. op. 
 
 optimize*, to make the 
 best of, not -ise. 
 
 Opus]* (Lat.), a work, pi. 
 Opera*, abbr. op,*-, — 
 
 magnum*, a great work, 
 pi. Opera magna, 
 
 opasculjum* (Lat.),asmall 
 work, an essay ; pi. -a*. 
 
 opus number* (mus.), the 
 one by which a work is 
 known (two words). 
 
 Opus operatum (Lat.), a 
 thing done. 
 
 or, two or more singular 
 subjects joined by or take 
 the verb in the singular 
 number, as : John or 
 William is going. In such 
 phrases as "black, white, 
 or green," or to be pre- 
 ceded by comma (see also 
 «*and" or", and"). 
 
 or* (her.), gold or yellow. 
 
 «*or** ", or" follows same 
 rule as "and" or 
 " , and " (which see), 
 
 ora, see OS, 
 
 ora e sempre (It.), now 
 and always. 
 
 orangeade *, not -gade. 
 
 Orange/ism* (Ir.), not 
 -gisra ; -man* (one word, 
 cap.). 
 
 orang/-outang*, more 
 correctly — -utan*, not 
 -utang,ourang-outang(not 
 ital.). 
 
 Oranmore and Browne 
 (Baron). 
 
 ora pro nobis (Lat.), pray 
 for us ; abbr. o.p.n, 
 
 orat., orator, -ical, -ically. 
 
 oratorios (titles of) 
 (typ.), when cited, to be 
 roman double-quoted. 
 
 O.R.C., Order of the Red 
 Cross, Orange River 
 Colony. 
 
 ore*, a dolphin, not ork. 
 
 Orcadian, of Orkney. 
 
 ord., ordained, order, or- 
 dinal,ordinance, ordinary. 
 
 Order, abbr. O. ; when re- 
 ferring to a society, to be 
 cap., as the Order of 
 Jesuits. 
 273 18 
 
ORDER — OSBOURNE 
 
 order/, abbr. ord. ; — 
 
 -book * (hyphen). 
 orders (bot. and zool.)j 
 
 caps, but not itahc. 
 ordin/al, -ance, -ary, 
 
 abbr. ord. 
 Ordn.. Ordnance. 
 ordre du jour (Fr. m.), 
 
 agenda of a meeting. 
 Ore., Oregon, U.S.A. (oflF. 
 
 abbr.). 
 ore*, coin of Den., Sw.,and 
 
 Norw. 
 0*Rell (Max), 1848-1903, 
 
 pen-name of Paul Blouet. 
 oreo/graphy, -logy, use 
 
 oro-*. 
 Orel rotundo (Lat.), well- 
 turned, imposing speech ; 
 
 — tenus, from the lips 
 
 and not the heart. 
 ore -weed*, notour-. 
 orfevrerle* (Fr. f.), gold- 
 smiths' work, 
 orfray, use orphrey*. 
 org., organ, -ic, -ism, -ized. 
 organdie*,book-muslin,Mo/ 
 
 -i, -y ; in Fr. m. organdi. 
 organize*, etc., *tot -ise. 
 organon *, a system of rules. 
 orge (Fr. f.), barley. 
 orgeat* (Fr. m.), barley- 
 water, 
 org/y *, not -ie ; pi. -ies *. 
 Oriental/*, -ist* (cap.); 
 
 abbr. Or., or Orient, 
 orientalize*, not -ise (not 
 
 cap.). 
 oriflamme *, banner, not 
 
 -flamb. 
 orig., origin, -al, -ally, -ate, 
 
 -ated. 
 Origen, 185-253, a Father 
 
 of the Church. 
 original (Sp. typ.), copy. 
 ** Origin of Species," by 
 
 C. Darwin, 1859. 
 orinasal*, of the mouth and 
 
 nose, not oro-. 
 Orinoco, river, S. Amer. 
 
 (see also oro-). 
 Orl6ans (House of) (6). 
 Ormes Head, Carnarvon 
 
 (no apos.). 
 
 ormolu*, a gold-coloured 
 alloy (not ital.). 
 
 Ormonde ( Marquess o/). 
 
 Ormuzd, the Zoroastrian 
 spirit of Good, not the 
 many variations. 
 
 ornjS* (Fr.), /em. -£e, 
 adorned. 
 
 ornith., ornithology, -ical. 
 
 ornithorhynchus*, the 
 duck-billed platypus. 
 
 oro/graphy*, -logy*, 
 mountain description and 
 science, not oreo-. 
 
 oronoco*, a tobacco, not 
 -ooko (not ital.) {see also 
 Ori-). 
 
 Orotava, Canary Isles, 
 not Ora-. 
 
 orotund*, magniloquent. 
 
 orphrey*, an ornamental 
 border, not orfray. 
 
 orris-root* (hyphen). 
 
 Or San Michele, church 
 at Florence, «o^ — Saint — . 
 
 orthoepy*, word pronun- 
 ciation. 
 
 orthopaBdic*, «o/-edic. 
 
 ortolan*, an edible bird 
 (not ital.). 
 
 Orvieto*, It. white wine. 
 
 O.S., Old Saxon, — school, 
 — series, — side, — style 
 (before 1752), — stj'Ie 
 type, ordinary seaman, 
 (paper) "outsides." 
 
 Os *, osmium. 
 
 O.S., only son. 
 
 OS * (Lat.), a bone ipl.ossa*. 
 
 OS * (Lat.), a mouth ;pl.ora*. 
 
 O.S.A., Order of St. Augus- 
 tine. 
 
 Osaka, Japan, not Oz-. 
 
 O.S.B.*, Order of St. Bene- 
 dict. 
 
 Osbom (Sir A. K. B.), 
 1870- ; — (Sherard), 
 1822-75, Arctic traveller. 
 
 Osborne, family name of 
 Dukes of Leeds ; — (Sir 
 Francis), 1856-. 
 
 Osbourne (Lloyd), 1 868-, 
 writer (stepson of R. L. 
 Stevenson). 
 
 374 
 
OSCOTT — O.U.L.C. 
 
 Oseott College (R.C), 
 
 Warwickshire, 
 oscillatory*, not -ery. 
 osculjum * (Lat.) , a kiss, pi. 
 -a*; osculutn pacis*f 
 the kiss of peace. 
 O.S.F., Order of St. Fran- 
 cis. 
 O.Sl., Old Slavonic. 
 Osmanli*, of the fam. of 
 Osman, not -lee, -lie, -ly 
 (not ital.). 
 osmium*, symbol Os*. 
 Osmund*, a fern, also an 
 
 iron (not ital.). 
 O.S.N.C, Orient Steam 
 
 Navigation Company. 
 OSSa, see OS. 
 ossein*, bone-cartilage, ttoi 
 
 -ine. 
 Ossett, Yorks, not Oset, 
 
 Osset. 
 Ossory, Perns, and 
 Leighlin (Bishop of). 
 O.S.t.(naut.),ordinary spring 
 
 tides. 
 Ost (Ger. m.), east (cap.) ; 
 
 abbr. O. 
 ostensibl/e*, -y*. 
 OSterJa * (It), an inn. 
 bsterreich(Ger.), Austria, 
 not Oe- ; osterreicb- 
 iscbe Wabrung, Aus. 
 currency, abbr. 6. W, 
 (this much used). 
 Ostiaks, ofW. Siberia, not 
 
 Osty-. 
 ostiole*, a small opening, 
 
 not -eole. 
 ostler*, a groom, noth-. 
 ostracize*, etc., not 
 
 -ise. 
 ostreiculture*, oyster 
 culture, Mo^ostra-, ostrea-, 
 ostreo-, ostri-. 
 Oswaldtwistle, Lanes, 
 
 not -sle. 
 O.T.*, Old Testament. 
 Otaheite, now Tahiti. 
 O.Teut., Old Teutonic, 
 otherworld/liness*, -ly* 
 
 (one word). 
 OtiumI* (Lat.), leisure : — 
 cum dignliate*, leisure 
 
 with dignity; Otiumsine 
 dignitatCf leisure with- 
 out — . 
 
 O.T.M. (paper), Old Turkey 
 Mill. 
 
 otolith*, not -lite (not ital.). 
 
 OiOtoi* (Gr.), alas! not 
 otototoi, ottotoi. 
 
 Ottawa, Canada, not Otto-. 
 
 Otterspool, Lanes (one 
 word). 
 
 Ottoman/*, a Turk ; pi. -a 
 (cap.). 
 
 ottoman/*, a sofa, a fabric; 
 pi. -s (not cap.). 
 
 otto of roses, use attar 
 *^ 
 
 Otway (Thomas), 1652- 
 85, dramatist. 
 
 O.TJ., Oxford University ; 
 O.U.A., Order of United 
 Americans ; O.IT.A.C., 
 OxfordUniversity Athletic 
 Club ; O.U.A.F.C., ditto 
 Association Football — ; 
 O.IT.A.M., Order of 
 United American Mech- 
 anics. 
 
 ouananiche *, the Labrador 
 salmon ; pron. wa'nan-ish. 
 
 O.U.B.C, Oxford Univer- 
 sity Boat Club. 
 
 oubliette* (Fr. f.), a dun- 
 geon. 
 
 O.TJ.C.C., Oxford Univ. 
 Cricket Club. 
 
 Gudenarde (battle of), 
 1708. 
 
 Gudh, India, not Oude. 
 
 O.U.D.S., Oxford Univ. 
 Dramatic Society. 
 
 OUest (Yr.m.), west; abbr.O. 
 
 O.U.G.C, Oxford Univ. 
 Golf Club. 
 
 OUght,a cipher,nothing,«s« 
 naught* (see also au-). 
 
 G.U.H.C., Oxford Univ. 
 Hockey Club. 
 
 Guida, pen-name of Louise 
 de la Ramee. 
 
 oui'-dire (Fr. m. s. and pL), 
 hearsay. 
 
 G.U.Ii.C., Oxford Univ. 
 Lacrosse Club. 
 
 375 18 * 
 
OULBSS — OZ. 
 
 Ouless (W. W.), 1848-, 
 painter. 
 
 O.U.L.T.C, Oxford Univ. 
 Lawn Tennis Club. 
 
 ounce/, -8, abbr. oz.*, sign ^; 
 437V3 grains avoirdupois, 
 480 gr. troy. 
 
 ourang-outang, t4se or- 
 ang-outang*. 
 
 ours* (no apos.). 
 
 O.U.R.TJ.P.C., Ox. Univ. 
 Rugby Union Football 
 Club; O.U.S.C., ditto 
 Swimming — . 
 
 ousel, use OUZ-*. 
 
 out * (typ.), an accidental 
 omission of copy in com- 
 position. 
 
 out-and-out* (hyphens). 
 
 out/board*; -come*; 
 -door*; -fit/*, -ted, 
 -ter*, -ting*; -general*; 
 -gro'w/j-th.* (one word). 
 
 out-Herod* (hyphen, 
 cap.). 
 
 outhouse* (one word). 
 
 outl/ie*, -ier*, -ying*. 
 
 outmanoeuvre* (one 
 word). 
 
 out/-of-date (adj.) (hy- 
 phens) ; — of print, abbr. 
 o.p. ; — of sorts (typ.), 
 when any letter in a fount 
 is all used. 
 
 out-patient*- (hyphen). 
 
 outrance* (k) (Fr.), to the 
 bitter end, not a 1'-. 
 
 oatrji* (Fr.), /em. -ie, 
 exaggerated. 
 
 outsides* (paper), the top 
 and bottom or imperfect 
 quiresofaream;abbr.O.S. 
 
 outstanding* (one word). 
 
 outstrip/*, -ped, -ping. 
 
 outv/ie*, -ier*, -ying* 
 (one word). 
 
 outward-bound* (adj.) 
 (hyphen). 
 
 outwit/*, -ted* -ting*. 
 
 OUvertl{Fr.),/ent. -e,open. 
 
 ouvrijer (Fr.), a workman; 
 /ent. 'dre. 
 
 ouzel*, a bird, not ous-. 
 
 over/alls*, -board* (one 
 word). 
 
 overburden*, not -then, 
 
 overburdensome*. 
 
 overcast (naut), abbr. O. 
 
 overcharge, abbr. o/c. 
 
 Over Darwen, Lanes. 
 
 over-glad* (hyphen). 
 
 over/land*, -mantel*, 
 -mantle, -rate*, 
 
 -reach*, -ride*, -rule* 
 (one word). 
 
 overrun* (typ.), to turn 
 over words from one line 
 to the next, for several or 
 many lines. 
 
 overseer (typ.), abbr. O. 
 
 Overtoun (Baron), not 
 -own ; pron. -tun. 
 
 OVOl/o*,a moulding;/"/, -i*. 
 
 ov/um*, an egg;/)/, -a* (not 
 ital.). 
 
 O. W, (Ger.), osttrreichische 
 Wdhrung (Austrian cur- 
 rency), a much-used abbr. 
 
 Owens College, Man- 
 chester (no apos.). 
 
 owner, abbr. O. 
 
 Ox., Oxford. 
 
 «« Oxford Almanack,*' 
 not ac. 
 
 "Oxford English Dic- 
 tionary (The),** abbr. 
 O.E.D., not H.E.D., 
 N.E.D. 
 
 Oxfordshire, abbr. Oxon. 
 
 oxide*, «o/-id, -yd, -yde. 
 
 oxidize*, etc., not -ise, 
 oxy-. 
 
 Oxon, Oxfordshire, Oxonia 
 (Oxford), Oxoniensis (of 
 Oxford) (no point). 
 
 Oxon., signature of Bp. of 
 Oxford (full point). 
 
 oxychloride*, not oxi-. 
 
 oxygen/*, symbol O*; 
 -ize *, not -ise. 
 
 oyer and terminer * (law). 
 
 oyezi* hear ye 1 not oyes; 
 pron. o'yez. 
 
 oz.*, ounce, -s. 
 
 376 
 
O NOTES 
 
 •77 
 
O NOTES 
 
 978 
 
PAGE 
 
 P., pastor, post, prince, the 
 fifteenth in a series, 
 proper names with this 
 initial, (Fr.) Pere (Father), 
 (Lat.) Papa (Pope), Pater 
 (Father), pontifex (a 
 bishop), populus (people), 
 proconsul, (mech.) pres- 
 sure. 
 
 P*, phosphorus, (chess) 
 pawn (no point). 
 
 p., page (this should not 
 end a line), participle, 
 past, perch, pipe, pole, 
 (Fr.) passe (past), pied 
 (foot), pouce (inch), pour 
 (for), (ichth.) pectoral, 
 {Lat.) partitn (in part), per 
 (by, for), pius (holy), pon- 
 dere (by weight), post 
 (after), prinius (first), 
 pro (for), (naut.) passing 
 showers. 
 
 p (It. mus.),^/a«o (softly). 
 
 p., poco (little). 
 
 ^, per (by, for). 
 
 % (typ.), the reversed or 
 blind P, the paragraph 
 mark, used to denote the 
 commencement of a new 
 paragraph ; also sixth re- 
 ference mark for foot- 
 notes in math, works. 
 
 n (Gr.), see pi. 
 
 P.A.*, Post Adjutant. 
 
 Pa.*, Pennsylvania (off. 
 abbr.). 
 
 p.a., par amitie' (hy favour), 
 per annum (yearly). 
 
 pabulum*, food (not ital.). 
 
 p.a.C. (mil.), Passed Ad- 
 vanced Class (at Ord- 
 nance College), not 
 Passed Artillery College. 
 
 pacej (Lat.), with the con- 
 sent of; — tua, with 
 your consent. 
 
 pacha, use pasha*. 
 
 pacha (Fr. m.), pasha. 
 
 pachymeter *, measuring 
 instrument, not pacho-. 
 
 package/, -s, abbr. pkg. 
 
 packet/, -ed, -ing. 
 
 packthread* (one word). 
 
 pad*, sheets of paper fast- 
 ened at one or more edges, 
 and removable singly. 
 
 padding *, increase of 
 printed matter, without 
 enhancing value. 
 
 Paderewski (I. J.), i860-, 
 pianist; pron. -evski. 
 
 padishah*, Pers. title, not 
 padsh-. 
 
 padlock* (one word). 
 
 padre* (It., Port., Sp.), 
 father, applied also to a 
 priest. 
 
 padtvnje* (It.), a master, 
 employer ; pi. -/. 
 
 p. SB., partes sequales (equal 
 parts). 
 
 psBan*, a song of triumph. 
 
 psedagogy, use pe-*. 
 
 paedeutics *, science of 
 education, not pai-. 
 
 Peedobaptists*, not Pe-. 
 
 paBnology, use pe-*. 
 
 pcBon*, Greek prosody. 
 
 paeony, use peony*. 
 
 Paganini (Nicolo), 1784- 
 1840, violinist. 
 
 paganize*, not -ise. 
 
 page*, (typ.) type, or 
 type and cuts, properly 
 arranged for printing on 
 one side of a book leaf; 
 not to be confused with 
 leaf or leaves ; each leaf, 
 being printed on both 
 sides, consists of two 
 pages. A single page 
 (chapter endings, etc.) 
 should not contain less 
 than five lines. Abbr. p., 
 pi. pp.; even — , one 
 
 a79 
 
PAGE — PAMPHLET 
 
 bearing a number divi- 
 sible by two ; odd page, 
 one bearing a number 
 not divisible by two ; — 
 proof, one made up into 
 pages ; "White — , a blank 
 page {see also pagina- 
 tion). 
 
 page (Fr. m.), a page-boy ; 
 (f.) page of a book. 
 
 paginate*, to mark with 
 consecutive numbers. 
 
 pagination*, the paging 
 of a book, also the act 
 of paging ; (typ.) all 
 page numbers should be 
 at the outside of the head 
 margin, as this position 
 facilitates reference when 
 rapidly turning over the 
 leaves : when there are 
 headlines, they are 
 usually put in the cen- 
 tre of the tail margin. 
 The late Sir Leslie 
 Stephen wrote to me 
 that he considered all 
 pages (even the first of a 
 chapter) should be num- 
 bered : a plan to be re- 
 commended as facilitating 
 reference ; quotation 
 of — , to be 322-4, not 
 322-34 {see also pre- 
 liminary matter). 
 
 pag/ing*, -inal*. 
 
 Pahlanpur, India, use 
 Pal-. 
 
 paid, abbr. pd. 
 
 paideutics, use pssd-*. 
 
 paijamas, use py-*. 
 
 paillasse* (Fr. m.), a 
 clown ; (f.) a straw-mat- 
 tress, in Eng. palliasse. 
 
 paillesj (Fr. cook, f.), 
 straws ; — depattnesatt, 
 cheese-straws. 
 
 Pain (Barry), writer 
 {see also Payii/, -e). 
 
 pain (Fr. m.), bread. 
 
 Paine (Thomas), 1737- 
 1809, author "The Rights 
 of Man" {see also Payn/, 
 -e). 
 
 painim,a pagan, «5*pay-*. 
 paint., painting, 
 paintings (titles of), 
 
 when cited, to be roman 
 
 double-quoted, 
 pair/, -s, abbr. pr. 
 pais (trial per)*, trial by 
 
 jury. 
 pajamas, Amer. form of 
 
 py-*. 
 
 Paket setzen (Ger. tj^p.), 
 to compose in slips. 
 
 Pal., Palestine. 
 
 paleBO-*, prefix, «o/paleo-. 
 
 palaeography *, abbr. 
 palcBog. 
 
 palaeontology*, abbr. pa- 
 laeont. ; (typ.) genera, 
 species, and varieties to 
 be italic, other divisions 
 roman {see also botany). 
 
 palaeozoic *, not pale-. 
 
 palasstra* (Gr.), a wrest- 
 ling school, not pale-. 
 
 palals (Fr. m.), palace, 
 palate. 
 
 palankeen*, not -quin. 
 
 Palanpur, Ind., notPahl-. 
 
 palan/quin, use -keen*. 
 
 palazzjo (It.), a palace; 
 pi. -/. 
 
 pal/e*, -ish*. 
 
 paleo-,prefix, ws^palaeo-*. 
 
 Palestine, abbr. Pal. 
 
 paletot*, an overcoat (no 
 accent, not ital.). 
 
 palette*, for colour-mixing 
 (see also pallet). 
 
 palladium*, symbol Pd*. 
 
 pallet* (horol. and organ 
 building) {seealso palette). 
 
 palliasse, a straw -mat- 
 tress; in Fr.f. paillasse, 
 
 palliat/e*, -or*. 
 
 palm-oil* (hyphen). 
 
 Palm Sunday*, one before 
 Easter (two words, caps.). 
 
 pam., pamphlet. 
 
 Pamir, Cent. Asia, not -irs. 
 
 pampas-grass* (hyphen). 
 
 pamphlet * (typ.), any 
 work not exceeding five 
 sheets, usually in paper 
 covers ; abbr. pam. 
 
 980 
 
PAN. — PAPOOSE 
 
 Pan., Panama, 
 panacea*, a cure-all (not 
 
 ital.). 
 panais (Fr. m.), parsnip. 
 Pan/- African*, — -A- 
 merican*, — -Angli- 
 can* (hyphen, caps.). 
 Pandean pipes *, not 
 
 -sean (cap.). 
 pandemonium*, not pan- 
 
 dae-. 
 pandit, «s*pun-*. 
 P. & O.*, Peninsular and 
 Oriental Steam Naviga- 
 tion Company, 
 panegyrize *, not -ise. 
 panel/*, -led*, -ling*, not 
 
 -ell, pann-. 
 paner (Fr. cook.), to dress 
 with eggs and bread- 
 crumbs. 
 Panliellen/ic *, -ism * 
 
 (one word, cap.). 
 Panislam* (one word). 
 Panizzi (Sir Antonio), 
 
 1 797-1879, librarian. 
 Panjab, use Punjab, 
 panjandrum*, a mock 
 
 title. 
 pannel, use panel*, 
 pannikin*, not -can, pana- 
 
 kin, -ikin. 
 Pan-pipe*, not Pan's — 
 
 (cap., hyphen). 
 pans (French dressmaking, 
 m. plural), long floating 
 ends of ribbon, also coat- 
 tails. 
 Panslavic *, not Panscl-. 
 pantagraph, use pan- 
 to-*. 
 Pantheon *, Rome. 
 Pantli6on, Paris (6). 
 pantograph*, a mechani- 
 cal drawing machine, not 
 panta-, penta-. 
 pantomime*. 
 pantoufle (Fr. f.), a 
 slipper; in English pan- 
 tofle*. 
 paon] (Fr.), peacock ; fent. 
 
 -ae. 
 Papa* (Lat.), Pope; abbr. 
 P. 
 
 papal/*, -ly*. 
 
 paper (approximate 
 
 sizes of unfolded 
 
 printing)— 
 
 crown, 20 X 15 in. 
 
 demy, 221/2 x 17V2 
 
 double crown, 30 x 20 
 
 — demy, 35 x 22^/2 
 
 — foolscap, 27 X 17 
 
 — post, 31V2 X i9Va 
 
 — royal, 40 x 25 
 imperial, 30 x 22 
 medium, 23^/2 x 18*/, 
 post, 19V4X15V3 
 royal, 25 x 20 
 super-royal, 27^/3 x 20^/2 
 drawing and writing . 
 
 ditto — 
 antiquarian, 53x31 in. 
 atlas, 34 X 26 
 Columbier, 34^/2 x 23^2 
 copy, or draft, 20 x 16 
 demy, 20 x 15V2 
 dble. elephant, 40x26^2 
 elephant, 28 x 23 
 emperor, 7a x 48 
 foolscap, 17 X i37a 
 imperial, 30 x 22 
 medium, 22 x 17V2 
 post (large), 21 x i6^/j 
 — (small), 19 X 15V4 
 pott, 15 X 1272 
 royal, 24 x 19 
 super-royal, 27 x 19 
 (See also demy, double, 
 medium, folio, fools- 
 cap, imperial.) 
 
 papetfler (Fr.), fent. -ibrCj 
 a stationer. 
 
 Papier (Ger. n.), paper 
 (cap.). 
 
 papier (Fr. m.), paper (not 
 cap.). 
 
 papier ma,ch6* (two 
 words, not ital.). 
 
 papoose*, N. Amer. infant, 
 not papp-. 
 
 a8x 
 
PAPPBAND — PARENTHESIS 
 
 Pappband (Ger. typ. n.), 
 
 boards ; abbr. Ppb, (cap.). 
 Pappe (Ger. f.), cardboard 
 
 (cap.). 
 Paps^(Ger.m.),Pope(cap.). 
 papyr/us*, pi. -i*. 
 par *, of exchange, etc. (no 
 
 point). 
 par., paragraph, parallel, 
 
 parenthesis, parish. 
 par* (Fr.), by, out of. 
 Para., Paraguay. 
 Parable of the Ten 
 
 Virgins (caps.). 
 pari accds (Fr.), by fits 
 
 and starts ; — accident, 
 
 accidentally ; — accord, 
 
 by agreement. 
 paradisaical*, not -iacal. 
 paraffin*, not -ine. 
 
 paragon* type, 3,S 
 
 this,20point, 
 37^ lines to 
 the inch. 
 
 paragraph*, the matter 
 between one break-line 
 and the next ; (typ. ) 
 in conversation, one for 
 each fresh speaker or 
 interruption. First line 
 in 8vo, under twenty ems 
 pica wide, usually in- 
 dented one em, above 
 this width one and a half, 
 or in wide-leaded matter 
 two ems. In 4to, usually 
 two ems. Last line should 
 have more than four let- 
 ters. When numbered 
 I, 2, clauses (i), (2). 
 Abbr. par.,/*/, pars., sign 
 ^, or [ {see also proof 
 correction marks). 
 
 paragraph mark (H) 
 (typ.), used to show 
 where a new paragraph is 
 to begin ; also sixth refer- 
 ence mark for foot-notes 
 in math, works. 
 
 Paraguay *, pron. par'a- 
 gwl ; abbr. Para. 
 
 parait pas {it n*y) (Fr.), 
 there is no appearance 
 of it. 
 
 paraitptus {it n*y) (Fr.), 
 there remains no trace 
 of it. 
 
 parakeet*, not paraquet, 
 -oquet, -okeet, parroquet, 
 
 paralipsis* (rhet.), not 
 -leipsis, -lepsis, -y. 
 
 parallel/*, abbr. par. ; 
 -ed*, -ing*. 
 
 paralidie (Fr. f.), parallel 
 geom. lines ; a fortifica- 
 tion ; in all other senses 
 masc. 
 
 parallelepiped/*, -on*, 
 not -ipiped, -opiped. 
 
 parallel mark (l|) (typ.), 
 fifth reference mark for 
 foot-notes in math, works. 
 
 paralogize*, to reason 
 falsely, not -ise. 
 
 paralyse*, «o/-ise, -ize. 
 
 Paramatta, use Parra-. 
 
 Paramecinm* (zool.), not 
 -aecium, -oecium. 
 
 par amitiS (Fr.), by fa- 
 vour ; abbr. p. a. 
 
 paraph*, the flourish at 
 the end of a signature. 
 
 paraphernalia*, is pi. 
 
 paraquet, ms« parakeet*. 
 
 par avance (Fr.), in 
 advance. 
 
 parbleul* (Fr. colloq.), 
 an exclamation of sur- 
 prise. 
 
 parcel/*, -led*, -ling*. 
 
 parcel post*, not par- 
 cels — . 
 
 parcimony, ws^parsi-*. 
 
 pari ci, par Ik (Fr.), here 
 and there; — complai- 
 sance*, out of politeness; 
 — dSpit, out of spite. 
 
 parenthes/is*, pi. -es*, 
 abbr. parens. ; in Fr. f. 
 parenthtse, in Ger. f. 
 Parentbese, the up- 
 right curves ( ) (see also 
 punctuation, XX). 
 
 a8a 
 
PABENTHESIZE — PARTIM 
 
 parenthesize*, to insert 
 as a parenthesis, twt -ise. 
 
 parerg/on*, a subsidiary 
 work; pi. -a* (not ital.). 
 
 parjexemple * (Fr.), for in- 
 stance,abbr.p.e-Y. ; — ex- 
 cellence *, pre-eminent- 
 ly ; —exprhs, by express ; 
 
 — favear, by favour ; 
 
 — force *f by superior 
 strength. 
 
 pargana (Ind.), a parish, 
 use pergunnab *. 
 
 par basard (Fr.), by 
 chance, not — haz-. 
 
 pari mutuel* (Fr.), a 
 method of betting. 
 
 pari passu (Lat.), at the 
 same rate or time. 
 
 paris green (not cap.). 
 
 parish/, abbr. par. ; — 
 priest, abbr. P.P.* 
 
 Parisian, of Paris (cap.) ; 
 Parlslenne (Fr. f.), a 
 woman of Paris (cap.). 
 
 park, abbr. pk. 
 
 Park (Mungo), 1771- 
 1806, Afr. traveller. 
 
 Parkes (Sir Harry S.), 
 1828-85, diplomatist in 
 China and Japan ; — (Sir 
 Henry), 1815-96, Aus- 
 tralian statesman. 
 
 Park Gate, Hants (two 
 words). 
 
 Parkgate,Cheshire,Yorks, 
 Antrim (one word). 
 
 Pari., parliamentary. 
 
 Parliament/ (cap.), abbr. 
 Pari. ; — House, Edin., 
 the Sc. Law Courts (see 
 also Assemblies). 
 
 parlour*, not -or. 
 
 Parmesan*,a cheese made 
 at Parma. 
 
 parochialize*, mo/ -ise. 
 
 parokeet, ms« parakeet*. 
 
 parol* (law), oral, not 
 written, not -le. 
 
 parole*(mil.), a watchword. 
 
 parole (Fr. f.), promise. 
 
 paroquet, ms« parakeet*. 
 
 paroxysm*. 
 
 par parentbdse (Fr.), by 
 
 the way ; par pricau- 
 
 iion, as a precaution. 
 
 parquetry*, inlaid flooring; 
 in Fr. f. parqueterie. 
 
 "Parr, St. Helens, Lanes. 
 
 Parr (««01d"), 1483- 
 1635, aged 152. 
 
 parr*, a young salmon^ not 
 par. 
 
 parrakeet, use para- 
 keet*. 
 
 Parramatta, N.S.W., not 
 -mata. Para-. 
 
 Parratt (Sir Walter), 
 1841-, Mus.Doc. 
 
 Parrish*s chemical food. 
 
 parroquet, use para- 
 keet*. 
 
 pars., paragraphs. 
 
 Parsee/*, noi-i ; pi. -s. 
 
 "Parsifal," by Wagner, 
 1879. 
 
 parsimony*, not parci-. 
 
 parsnip* (bot.), not -ep. 
 
 Parsonstown, King's 
 County (one word). 
 
 part, abbr. pt. 
 
 part., participle. 
 
 parterre *, a flower-bed, or 
 garden (not ital.). 
 
 partes asquales (Lat.), 
 equal parts ; abbr. p. aB. 
 
 Parthenon, temple at 
 Athens. 
 
 Parthian* arrow, or 
 shaft (cap.). 
 
 parti* (Fr. m.), party (fac- 
 tion), match (marriage), 
 resolution (good or bad). 
 
 particepsj (Lat.), an ac- 
 complice ; — criminis, 
 a participator in crime. 
 
 participator*, not-er. 
 
 participle, abbr. p., or 
 part. 
 
 parti - coloured*, not 
 party-. 
 
 particularize*, not -ise. 
 
 particuiier (Fr. m.), a 
 private citizen. 
 
 partiej* (Fr. f.), part; — 
 Carrie *, a party of four. 
 
 partial (Lat.), in part; 
 abbr. p. 
 
 383 
 
PARTI PRIS — PATRONIZE 
 
 parti pris (Fr.m.), foregone 
 
 conclusion, prejudice ; 
 
 de , deliberately. 
 
 partisan*, not -zan. 
 partout (Fn), everywhere, 
 part-song* (hyphen). 
 party (Conservative, Lib- 
 eral, etc.) (not cap.). 
 party - coloured, use 
 
 parti-*, 
 parure* (Fr. f.), a set of 
 
 jewels. 
 parvenu/*,^w. -e*,pl. -s, 
 
 an upstart (not ital.). 
 par vole telSgrapblque 
 
 (Fr.), by telegraph; abbr. 
 
 p.v.t 
 Pas-de- Calais, ddp. N. 
 
 Fr. (hyphens). 
 pas del deux* (Fr. m.), 
 
 dance for two ; 
 
 quatre, ditto four; 
 
 trois, ditto three. 
 Pas de zelel (Fr.), Don't 
 
 be too zealous I 
 pasha* (Turk.), a title 
 • placed o/fer the name, not 
 
 'cha, -shaw, bashaw ; in 
 
 Fi". m. pacha. 
 « Pasha of Many Tales," 
 
 by Marryat, 1836. 
 Pasha of three tails, the 
 
 highest rank ; then two 
 
 — , then one tail. 
 Pas possible! (Fr.), You 
 
 don't say so 1 
 pass., passive, 
 passable*, may be passed 
 
 (s^^a/50 passi-). 
 passjS* (Fr.), /em. -ie, 
 
 past, faded ; abbr. p. 
 passementerie* (Fr. f.), 
 
 embroidery, «o/passi-. 
 passe-partout* (Fr. m.), a 
 
 master-key, also permit. 
 pas seui* (Fr. m.), dance 
 
 for one person, 
 passible*, susceptible (see 
 
 also passa-). 
 passim* (Lat.), here and 
 
 there. 
 Passion Week*, one be- 
 fore Faster (two words, 
 
 caps.). 
 
 pass-key* (hyphen). 
 
 password* (one word). 
 
 past, abbr. p. 
 
 pastel/*, -list* (art), not 
 -elist {see also pastille). 
 
 pastdque (Fr. f.), water- 
 melon. 
 
 pasteurize*, to sterilize, 
 not -ise. 
 
 pastille*, confection, odor- 
 izer,«o^il(5^^a/5opastel). 
 
 pastor, abbr. P. 
 
 pat/*, -ted, -ting*. 
 
 Pata., Patagonia. 
 
 patchouli*, not -ly. 
 
 p&teHYr. cook, f.), paste; — 
 d*italie, vermicelli, maca- 
 roni ; — feuilletSe, puff 
 paste; — frisSe, short 
 paste {see also patie). 
 
 pMtij* (Fr. m.), a pie ; — 
 de toie gras *, goose- 
 liver pie. 
 
 paten*, Eucharist bread- 
 plate, not -in, -ine. 
 
 Patent Ofi5.ce, abbr. Pat. 
 Off. 
 
 Pater* (Lat.), Father; abbr. 
 P. 
 
 paterfamilias *, father of 
 a family ; pi. patres-. 
 
 paternoster* (a) (one 
 word). 
 
 Paterson (A. H.), 1862-, 
 writer; — ("Williani), 
 1658-1719, founder of the 
 Bank of England {see also 
 Patt-). 
 
 path., pathology. 
 
 Patiala, Punjab. 
 
 patin/, -e, use paten*. 
 
 patissjerie* (Fr. f.), pastry; 
 -/er, fetn. 'ihre, pastry- 
 cook. 
 
 patois (not ital.). 
 
 Patresj {Lat), fathers,abbr. 
 PP. ; — Conscriptiy 
 Conscript Fathers, abbr. 
 PP.C. 
 
 patria potestas (Rom. 
 law), father's power over 
 his family. 
 
 patrol/*, -led*, -ling*. 
 
 patronize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 S84 
 
PATTE — PEARCE 
 
 pattej* (Fr. dress, f.), a 
 
 decorative strap ; — de 
 
 collet, shoulder-strap. 
 Patteson (J. C), 1827-71, 
 
 martyr-bishop {see also 
 
 Pater-). 
 Pattison (Mark), 1813- 
 
 84, Rector of Line. Coll., 
 ' Oxford. 
 pauca verba (Lat.), few 
 
 words. 
 Pauer (Ernst), 1826-, 
 
 pianist ; pron. pow'r. 
 Paul (Kegan), Trench, 
 
 Triibner, & Co., Ltd., 
 
 publishers, London, 
 pauperize*, etc., «o/-ise. 
 pavan*, a dance, «o/-ane, 
 
 -en, -ian, -in. 
 pavS* (Fr. m.), pavement, 
 pavilion*, «o/pavill-. 
 pavilion* (Fr. m.), flag, 
 
 bell of a trumpet, etc. 
 paviour*, one who lays 
 
 pavements, not -er, -ier, 
 
 -ior. 
 pawl*, a detent, 
 pawn (chess), abbr. P. 
 pax vobiscum I (Lat.), 
 
 peace be with you ! 
 paxwax*, the neck carti- 
 lages, not the many 
 
 variations. 
 Payen-Payne (de Vin- 
 
 oheles), 1866-, writer. 
 paymaster,abbr. paymr., 
 
 or P.M. (one word). 
 Paymaster - General 
 
 (caps., hyphen) ; abbr. 
 
 P.M.G. 
 payment, abbr. pt. 
 Payn (James), 1830-98, 
 
 writer (see a/50 Pain/, -e). 
 Payne (Edward John), 
 
 1844-, historian ; — (J. 
 
 H.), 1792-1852, wrote 
 
 " Home, Sweet Home." 
 Payne - Gallwey (Sir 
 
 Ralph "W.), 1848-, 
 
 writer on sport, 
 paynim *, a pagan, not pai-. 
 Pays-Bas (Fr. m. pi.), the 
 
 Netherlands (cap.., hy- 
 phen). 
 
 P.B., Pharmacopoeia BritaU' 
 nica (British Pharma- 
 copcEia), Plymouth Breth- 
 ren, Prayer Book, Primi- 
 tive Baptists, (mil.) Pro- 
 visional Battalion. 
 
 "Ph* J plumbum (lead). 
 
 P.Bor., Pharmacopoeia Bor- 
 ussica (Prussian Pharma- 
 copoeia). 
 
 P.O., Parish Council, -lor, 
 Perpetual Curate, police- 
 constable. Privy Council, 
 -lor; p/c, petty cash, 
 prices current; p.C, post 
 card ; P.C.C., Prerogative 
 Court of Canterbury ; 
 P.C.M.O., Principal 
 
 Colonial Medical OflScer ; 
 P.C.P., Past Chief 
 Patriarch ; P.C.R.S., 
 Poor Clergy Relief 
 Society; P.C.S. (Sc), 
 Principal Clerk of Ses- 
 sion. 
 
 P.D., a pepper adulterant. 
 Pharmacopoeia Dub- 
 
 linensis (Dublin Pharma- 
 copoeia), Postal District 
 (London), (elec.) poten- 
 tial difference, printer's 
 devil, (Ger.) Privatdozent 
 (university teacher) ; 
 
 Pd*, palladium; pd., 
 paid ; p.d.a., pour dire 
 adieu (to say good-bye) ; 
 P.D.A.D.(law), Probate, 
 Divorce, and Admiralty 
 Division ; Pd.B. (Amer.), 
 Bachelor of Pedagogy ; 
 Pd.D., Doctor ditto ; 
 Pd.M., Master ditto. 
 
 P.E., Pharmacopoeia Edin- 
 burgensis (Edinburgh 
 
 Pharmacopoeia), Presiding 
 Elder, Protestant Epis- 
 copal. 
 
 peacemaker* (one word). 
 
 pea/cock*, fem. -hen*; 
 young, -chick * (one 
 word). 
 
 pea-green* (hyphen). 
 
 Pearce (Sir "W. G.), 
 1861- (see also Peirse). 
 
 285 
 
PEARL TYPE — PENTECOST 
 
 pearl * type, the smallest size 
 but one regularly made, four and 
 three-quarter point, fifteen lines to 
 the inch, as this. 
 
 Peary (R. E.), 1854-, 
 Amer. Arctic explorer. 
 
 pease-pudding *. 
 
 peat-hag*, a peat pit. 
 
 pebbl/e*, -y*. 
 
 peccadillo/*,/"/, -es. 
 
 peccary*, S. Amer. mam- 
 mal, not -i. 
 
 peccavji* (Lat.), I have 
 erred ; pi. -imus. 
 
 p6che (Fr. f.), fishery, -ing, 
 peach. 
 
 pecbS (Fr. m.), a sin. 
 
 pScber (Fr.), to fish. 
 
 picher (Fr.), to sin. 
 
 Pechdli, China (one word). 
 
 peck/, -s, abbr. pk. 
 
 pectoral (ichth.), abbr. p. 
 
 peculat/e*, -or*. 
 
 Ped. (mus.), pedal. 
 
 pedagog/ue*, -y*, not pae-. 
 
 pedal/*, -led, -Ling*. 
 
 pedlar*, not -er, peddler. 
 
 Pedobaptists, use Pae-*. 
 
 Peeblesshire, abbr. Pee- 
 bles. 
 
 peep-sho"w* (hyphen). 
 
 peewit, use pewit *. 
 
 Peggotty, in " David 
 Copperfield." 
 
 P.E.I., Prince Edward 
 Island. 
 
 peignoir* (Fr. m.), a dress- 
 ing-gown. 
 
 Peirse (Sir H. M. de la 
 P. B.), 1850- (see also 
 Pearce). 
 
 Peking, China, not -kin; 
 now often Pei-Ching. 
 
 pekoe*, a black tea, not 
 peckoe, pecco (not cap.). 
 
 pell-mell*, confusedly ; in 
 Fr. pSie-mSIe. 
 
 Peloponnesus,the modern 
 Morea. 
 
 pemmican*, dried meat, 
 not pemi-. 
 
 pen., peninsula. 
 
 penalize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 Penang,off. for Prince of 
 Wales Island. 
 
 penchant*, bias (not ital.)^ 
 
 pencil/*, -led*, -ling*. 
 
 pendant *, anything hang- 
 ing. 
 
 pendent* (adj.), suspended. 
 
 pendente lite * (Lat.), 
 during the suit. 
 
 pendule (Fr. m.), pendu- 
 lum ; (f.) clock. 
 
 pendulum/*, pi. -s*. 
 
 penetralia* (Lat.), secrets. 
 
 pen-feather*, quill ditto, 
 not pin-. 
 
 penguin*, a bird, «o^pin-. 
 
 Penicuik, Midlothian ; 
 pron. pen-'y-cook. 
 
 Peninsular/ Campaign, 
 U.S.A., 1862 ; — War, 
 1808-14. 
 
 Penit., penitentiary. 
 
 Penmaenmawr, Carnar. 
 
 pen-name* (hyphen). 
 
 penn'orth* (colloq.), a 
 pennyworth. 
 
 Pennsylvania, offic. abbr. 
 Pa., not Penn. 
 
 penny*,/)/, pennies* when 
 meaning the number of 
 coins : pence *, their 
 value ; abbr. s. and pi. d. 
 
 penn/y*, -iless*. 
 
 penny-a-liner* (hyphens). 
 
 pennsrroyal* (one word). 
 
 penny-weight*, 24 grains; 
 abbr. s. and pi. dwt.* 
 
 penology *, science of 
 punishment, not pae-. 
 
 Penrhyn, Carnarvon, also 
 Baron — ; pron. pen'rin. 
 
 Penryn, Cornwall. 
 
 pensSe * (Fr. f.), thought, 
 maxim, also pansy ; ar- 
 rierel , a mental reser- 
 vation, pi. pensies. 
 
 pension! (Fr. f.), a board- 
 ing-house, school ; en — , 
 on boarding terms ; pen- 
 sionnat (m.), a board- 
 ing-school. 
 
 Pent., Pentecost. 
 
 pentagraph, use panto-*. 
 
 Pentateuch/*, -al* (cap.). 
 
 Pentecost *, Whit-Sunday; 
 abbr. Pent. 
 
 886 
 
PENTECOSTAL — PER PROCURATIONEM 
 
 Pentecostal* (not cap.). 
 
 pentstemon* (bot), not 
 pens-. 
 
 penumbra/* (astr.), pi. -s. 
 
 peon*, a servant {see also 
 paean, paBon). 
 
 peony *, not pae-. 
 
 pepsin*, mo/ -ine. 
 
 Pepys (Samuel), 1632- 
 1703, wrote " Pepys's 
 Diary" ; pron. peeps. 
 
 per., period. 
 
 .per* (Lat.), by, for; abbr. 
 p., or^; peraccidens*j 
 by accident ; per an- 
 num *, yearly, abbr. 
 p. a., or per ann. (not 
 ital.) ; per capita, by the 
 number of individuals. 
 
 perceiv/e*, -able*, -er*. 
 
 percentage* (one word). 
 
 perl cento (It.), per cent ; 
 
 — centum (Lat.), by the 
 hundred, abbr. per cent 
 (no point), or %. 
 
 perceptible* not -able. 
 
 Perceval (Sir W. B.), 
 •1854- ; — (Spencer), 
 1762-1812, statesman. 
 
 perch*, abbr. p. 
 
 perchance*, perhaps. 
 
 percbe (Fr. f.), perch (a 
 fish), pole (stick). 
 
 percolat/e*, -ing*, -or*. 
 
 perl consequens* (Lat.), 
 consequently; — con- 
 tra *, on the other hand ; 
 
 — curiam, by the court; 
 
 — diem*, daily. 
 perdreaul (Fr. m.), a year- 
 old partridge ; pi. -x, 
 
 perdrlxl (Fr. f.), partridge, 
 
 pi. same ; — blancbe, 
 
 ptarmigan. 
 perdu*! (Fr.), fern, -e, 
 
 concealed, lost. 
 Phre (Fr. m.), R.C.C. 
 
 father; abbr. P. 
 P^re Ijachaise, cemetery 
 
 near Paris (two words, 
 
 caps.). 
 perl essentlam (Lat.), 
 
 essentially ; — eundem, 
 
 by the same (judge). 
 
 perf., perfect, (stamps) 
 perforated. 
 
 per fas autnefas* (Lat.), 
 through right or wrong. 
 
 perfect*, abbr. perf. 
 
 perfecter*, not -or. 
 
 perfecting*/ (typ.), print- 
 ing the second side of a 
 
 sheet ; press*, or — 
 
 -machine*, one which 
 prints both sides of the 
 paper before its delivery. 
 
 perforat/ed*, abbr. perf.; 
 -or*. 
 
 perforce*, of necessity 
 (one word). 
 
 Pergamentband {Ger. m.), 
 vellum binding (cap.). 
 
 pergunnab* (Ind.), parish. 
 
 peridot*, gem, not -te. 
 
 perigee*/ (astr.), pi. -s; 
 abbr. perig. 
 
 P6rigord pie*. 
 
 perine/um*, -al* (anat.). 
 
 per interim* (Lat.), in the 
 meantime. 
 
 period*, abbr. per. ; in typ. 
 called the full point, or 
 point {see punctuation, 
 XXI). 
 
 periodicals* (titles of), 
 when cited, to be roman 
 double-quoted. 
 
 periphras/is *, circumlocu- 
 tion ; pi. -es*. 
 
 peritoneum*, Ko/-aeum. 
 
 perityphlitis* (path.). 
 
 periwig*, not perri-. 
 
 periwinkle *, plant, and 
 mollusc. 
 
 per mark (typ.), ^. 
 
 per mensem * (Lat.), 
 monthly. 
 
 permis de sSJour (Fr. m.), 
 permission to reside. 
 
 permissible*. 
 
 permit*/, -ted*, -ting*. 
 
 Ferowne, pron. p6-rOn'. 
 
 per pals* (Norman Fr.), by 
 jury ( = by the county). 
 
 Perpetual* Curate, abbr. 
 P.O. 
 
 perl procurationem * 
 (Lat.), by procuration, 
 
PER QUOD — PFIiEIDEKESB 
 
 abbr. per proc. * ; per 
 
 quod* (Lat.), whereby. 
 
 Perranzabuloe,Cornwall. 
 
 Pers., Persia, -n. 
 
 pers., person, -al, -ally. 
 
 per\ saltum* (Lat.), at a 
 leap; — se*, by himself, 
 herself, itself, or them- 
 selves. 
 
 Persia/, -n, abbr. Pers. 
 
 Persian type has four 
 forms, Naskhi, Taleek, 
 Nustaleek, Shekestah ; 
 Persian morocco*, the 
 best. 
 
 persiflage* (not itaL). 
 
 per sign (typ.), ^. 
 
 persll (Fr. m.), parsley. 
 
 persimmon* (bot.), not 
 -simon. 
 
 persisten/ce*, in Fr. f. 
 -ancc; -cy*, -t*. 
 
 personal grata* (Lat), 
 an acceptable person ; — 
 gratJssitnat a most ac- 
 ceptable person ; — in- 
 grata, ditto unacceptable. 
 
 personnel*, a staff of 
 persons employed in any 
 service. 
 
 persp., perspective. 
 
 per stirpes* (Lat), by the 
 number of families. 
 
 persuasible*. 
 
 per totam curiam (Lat), 
 unanimously. 
 
 perturbat/or*,7^w. -rix*. 
 
 pertnirber*, not -or. 
 
 Peru., Peruvian. 
 
 peruke*, a v^ig, «o/-que. 
 
 per viam (Lat), by way of. 
 
 pes* (Lat), a foot; pi. 
 pedes*, 
 
 Peshawar, Ind., «o/-ur. 
 
 pesbwa*f a Mahratta chief. 
 
 peso*, Spanish dollar. 
 
 pessimi exempli (Lat), 
 likely to prove a bad 
 example. 
 
 Pestalozzi (J. H.), 1745- 
 1827, Swiss educationist. 
 
 Pesth, itse Budapest. 
 
 Pet., Peter (New Test.). 
 
 petal*/, -led*. 
 
 Peterhof, palace of Em p. 
 of Russia (one word). 
 
 Peter Schlemihl, a well- 
 meaning unlucky fellow. 
 
 Peter's pence* (cap., 
 apos., two words). 
 
 petiti {Fr.),fetn. -e, small; 
 
 — comite, a small party. 
 petitio principii (Lat.), 
 
 begging the question. 
 petit-laity whey. 
 petit- maitre (Fr. m. ), a fop ; 
 
 petite-maitresse, a fe- 
 male dandy, pi. petiteS' 
 
 maitresses. 
 petitsj pois (Fr. m.), green 
 
 peas ; — SOins, little 
 
 attentions. 
 petit verre* (Fr. m.), a 
 
 glass of liqueur. 
 Petre*, /tow. pe'tr. 
 petrel*, a bird, not -erel. 
 Petriburg., signature of 
 
 Bp. of Peterborough (full 
 
 point). 
 petrol*, oil for motor-cars, 
 petrology*, abbr. petrol. 
 Pettie (John), 1839-93, 
 
 painter. 
 Petty (Sir William), 
 
 1623-87, writer, etc. 
 petty/ cash*, abbr. p/c; 
 
 — officer (two words), 
 abbr. P.O. 
 
 peuapeu (Fr.), gradually. 
 
 peut-itre (Fr.), perhaps. 
 
 pevtrit*, not pee-. 
 
 p. ex, {YT.),parexetnple(JoT 
 instance). 
 
 P.P., Procurator-fiscal. 
 
 Pf. (Ger.), Pfund (pound). 
 
 p.f. (Fr.), pour feiiciter ;to 
 congratulate). 
 
 pi (It mus.) piu forte (a 
 little louder). 
 
 Pfennig*! (Ger. m.), about 
 half a farthing, not -ing ; 
 pi. -e, abbr. Pfg. (cap.). 
 
 Pfingsten (Ger.), Whit- 
 suntide ; PfingstmoB' 
 tag, Whit-Monday. 
 
 Pfleiderer (Edmund), 
 1842-1903, philos. ; — 
 (Otto), 1839-, theol. 
 
P.F.S.A. — PHILLIP 
 
 "p.f.a.a,., pour/at're ses adieux 
 (to say goodbye). 
 
 Pfund (Ger. n.), pound 
 (cap.) ; abbr. Pf. 
 
 p.f.V., pour faire vtsite (to 
 make a call). 
 
 P.G., German Pharma- 
 copoeia, (paper) plate- 
 glazed ; P.G.M. (Free- 
 masonry, Odd Fellows), 
 Past Grand Master. 
 
 ph8Bnogain*(bot.),Mo/phe-. 
 
 phaenoinenon, use phe-*. 
 
 Phaethon (class, myth.), 
 the Sun God, not Phafi-, 
 -ton. 
 
 phaeton*, a carriage (not 
 cap.). 
 
 phalan/x*, a compact body 
 of men, etc. ; pi. -es. 
 
 phall/us* (bot. and comp. 
 relig.), ^/. -i*. 
 
 phantasmagoria*, is 
 sing.^ pi. -s. 
 
 phantasy*, etc., Ms«fan-*. 
 
 phantom*, not f-. 
 
 Phar., pharmacopoeia. 
 
 Pharaoh*, not -oah. 
 
 pharisaic/*,-al* (not cap.). 
 
 Pharisee/ *, pi. -s. 
 
 pharm., pharmaceutical, 
 pharmacy. 
 
 Pharmacol., pharmaco- 
 logy. 
 
 pharmacopoeia/*, a book 
 describing drugs, abbr. P., 
 orPhar.; — Borussica 
 (of Prussia), abbr. P.Bor.; 
 — Britannica (of Eng- 
 land), abbr. P.B.; — 
 Dublinensis (of Dublin), 
 abbr. P.D. ; — Ediri- 
 burgensis (of Edin- 
 burgh), abbr. P.E.; Ger- 
 man — , abbr. P.G. ; — 
 Londinensis (of Lon- 
 don), abbr. P.L. 
 
 pharyn/x*, ^/. -ges. 
 
 Phayre, />ro«. fair. 
 
 Ph.B., Philosophic Bacca- 
 laureus (Bachelor of 
 Philos.). 
 
 Ph.C. (Amer.), Pharma- 
 ceutical Chemist. 
 
 Ph.D., Philosophise Doctor 
 (Doctor of Philosophy). 
 
 **Ph§dre/*by Racine, 1677. 
 
 Phenician, use Phoe-*. 
 
 phenix, use phce-*. 
 
 phenogam, use phaeno-*. 
 
 phenomen/on*, an appear- 
 ance ; pi. -a*, not phae- 
 (not ital.). 
 
 Ph.G. (Amer.), Graduate 
 in Pharmacy. 
 
 Phidias, 500-432 b.c, 
 Athenian sculptor ; in Gr. 
 Pheid-. 
 
 Phil., Philadelphia, Philip- 
 pians. 
 
 Philadelphia, abbr. Phil. 
 
 philatel/ic *, -ically *, 
 -ist*, -y*. 
 
 Philem., Philemon. 
 
 Philhellenic* (one word, 
 cap.). 
 
 philibeg, use filibeg*. 
 
 Philip & Son, map pub- 
 lishers, London. 
 
 Philippe, Kings of Fr. and 
 Sp. {see also Phill-). 
 
 Philippians, abbr. Phil. 
 
 philippic* (not cap.). 
 
 philippina*, a game of 
 forfeits, not fillipeen, 
 philipena, phillipine. 
 
 Philippine Islands. 
 
 Philippopolis, Bulgaria. 
 
 PhUipps (Sir C. E. G.), 
 1840- ; — (Sir J. E.), 
 1 824-. 
 
 Philips (Ambrose), 
 
 1675-1749, writer ; — 
 (EdiArard), 1630-94, 
 writer, Milton's nephew ; 
 — (P. C), 1849-, 
 writer ; — (John), 1631- 
 1 706, writer, Milton's 
 nephew ; — (Sir Jo- 
 seph), 1839-, Maj.-Gen. 
 {see also Phill-). 
 
 Pbilister* (Ger.), a towns- 
 man, a non-student ; pi. 
 same (cap.) 
 
 Phillip (Colin B.), 1856-, 
 painter ; — (John), 
 1817-67, painter {see also 
 Philip). 
 289 19 
 
PHHiLIPINE — PICA 
 
 phillipina, use philipp-*. 
 
 PhiUipps (J. O. HalH- 
 well-), 1820-89, Shak. 
 scholar;— (SirThomas), 
 1792-1872, book collector 
 {see also Philips). 
 
 PhiUipps -WoUey (C), 
 1 854-, writer. 
 
 Phillips (Claude), art 
 writer; — (F, Emily), 
 writer; — (Sir G. P. 
 Paudel-), 1840- ; — 
 (Stephen), poet ; — 
 ("Wendell), 181 1-84, 
 Amer. abolitionist {see 
 also Philips). 
 
 Phillpotts (Eden), 1862-, 
 writer ; — (Henry), 
 1778-1869, Bp. of Exeter 
 {see also Philpo/t, -tt). 
 
 philosophers* stone*, not 
 -r's. 
 
 philosophize*, not -ise. 
 
 PMlpot (J. H.), 1850-, 
 writer. 
 
 Philpott (Henry), 1807- 
 92, Bp. of Worcester {see 
 also Phillpotts). 
 
 Phil. Soc, Philological 
 Society of London, Philo- 
 sophical Society of Amer. 
 
 Phil. Trans., the " Philo- 
 sophical Transactions of 
 the Royal Society of 
 London." 
 
 philtre* (love), not -er. 
 
 phlebitis*, inflammation of 
 the veins. 
 
 Phoebus* Apollo. 
 
 Phoenician*, not Phe-. 
 
 phoenix*, not phe-. 
 
 phon., phonetics. 
 
 phosphorous*, of phos- 
 phorus. 
 
 phosphorus*, symbol P*. 
 
 ph.osphuretted*,Ko^-eted, 
 -oretted. 
 
 photo*, photograph (no 
 point). 
 
 photog., photography, -ic. 
 
 pbotograpble (Fr. m. and 
 £), photographer ; -ie (f.), 
 photograph, -y. 
 
 photogravure*, the art of 
 
 producing, by the action 
 of Hght, an incised metal 
 surface for printing from ; 
 and the picture so pro- 
 duced (one word). 
 
 photolithography*, the 
 process of reproducing in 
 ink any design on pre- 
 pared stone by means of 
 photography (one word). 
 
 photom., photometry, -ical. 
 
 phr., phrase. 
 
 phren., phrenology, -ical. 
 
 phrensy, use frenzy*. 
 
 P.H.S., Pennsylvania His- 
 torical Society. 
 
 phthisis*, consumption ; 
 pron. thy'sis {th as in 
 thigh). 
 
 pbyljum *, family tree, etc. ; 
 pi. -a*. 
 
 phys., physical, physician, 
 physics. 
 
 physic/*, -ked*, -king*. 
 
 physiol., physiology, -ical, 
 -ist. 
 
 physique*, constitution 
 (not ital.). 
 
 physique (Fr. f.), physics 
 (natural philosophy). 
 
 pi (typ.), use pie*. 
 
 pi *, Gr. n, (math.) continued 
 product ; ir, ratio of cir- 
 cumference to diameter of 
 circle, or 3 -14 159265,,. 
 
 pianissimo* (It. mus.), 
 very soft ; abbr. pp, orppp. 
 
 piano/*, pi. -s, abbr. for 
 pianoforte (no point). 
 
 piano* (It. mus.), softly; 
 abbr. p. 
 
 piastre *, coin, not -er (not 
 ital.). 
 
 piazz/a* (It.), an open 
 square ; pi. -e (not ital.). 
 
 pibroch*, an air on the 
 bagpipes, not the bagpipes 
 themselves. 
 
 Pica*, the ordinal of the 
 Latin Church (formerly 
 printed in pica type). 
 
 pica* (typ.), a standard of 
 measurement, one-sixth 
 of an inch : ^'4 to pica," 
 
 390 
 
PICA — PINT 
 
 or 6, 8, lo, or 12 to pica, 
 means that 4, 6, 8, 10, or 
 12 leads or brass rules 
 equal one line of pica. 
 
 pica type*, the larg- 
 est size ordinarily 
 used for books, 
 12 point, 6 lines 
 to the inch, as 
 this. 
 
 piccalilli*, a pickle. 
 
 piccaninny*, negro infant, 
 not pica-, picka-. 
 
 pick* (typ.), when the face 
 of a letter is choked with 
 dirt it is called a " pick," 
 as the compositor picks it 
 out with the point of a 
 needle. It may be marked 
 in the margin with a X« 
 
 pickaxe (one word). 
 
 Pickelbaube (Ger. f.), the 
 modern helmet (cap.). 
 
 picket/*, -ed*, -ing*. 
 
 pick-me-up*, a stimulant 
 (hyphens). 
 
 pickpocket* (one word). 
 
 picnic/*, -king*. 
 
 pictures (titles of), when 
 cited, to be roman double- 
 quoted. 
 
 pidgin-English*, Chinese 
 jargon, from pidgin 
 
 (business), not pigeon 
 
 (hyphen, one cap.). 
 
 pie* (typ.), type indis- 
 ' criminately mixed, not 
 pi, pye. 
 
 piebald*, not pye-. 
 
 plbcej* (Fr. f.), a piece, 
 play, etc. ; — de con- 
 viction, document used 
 as evidence ; — de rS- 
 sistance*, the principal 
 dish at a meal ; — d* occa- 
 sion, a work composed 
 for a special occasion ; — 
 justificative, document 
 used as evidence in 
 favour. 
 
 piecemeal*, one portion 
 
 at a time (one word). 
 pihce montSe {Fr. cook, f.), 
 
 a decorative dish. 
 piedj (Fr. m.), a foot, abbr. 
 
 p. ; — -h-terre, an oc- 
 casional residence, pi. 
 
 pieds (hyphens). 
 
 ** Pierce the Plough- 
 man's Crede,** anon. 
 
 about 1394 (see also 
 
 Piers). 
 Pierrepont, fam. name of 
 
 Earl Manvers ; pron. 
 
 peer'point. 
 "Piers Plowman (The 
 
 Vision of)," by W. 
 
 Langland, first ed. 136a 
 
 {see also Pierce). 
 Pietermaritzburg, S. Afr. 
 pietrja durja (It.), a stone 
 
 mosaic ; pi. -e -e. 
 pigeon-hol/e*, -ed* (hy- 
 phen), 
 pigmy, M5^ pygmy*. 
 Pigot (Sir George), 1850-. 
 Pigott (Sir C. R.), 1835- ; 
 
 — (Sir Paynton). 
 pigst/y *,/>/. -ies (one word). 
 Pike*s Peak, Rocky 
 
 Mountains (apos.). 
 pilau *, Turk, national dish, 
 pilaw, Indian dish. 
 Pillsbury (H. N.), 187a-, 
 
 chess player, 
 pilot/*, -ed*, -ing*. 
 Piloty (K. von), 1826-86, 
 
 Ger. painter. 
 Pilsener,a lightbeer(cap.). 
 pimento*, allspice, not -a. 
 pince-nez*, spring eye- 
 
 glasses (not ital., hyphen). 
 Pindar (Peter), 1738- 
 
 1819, pen-name of Dr. J. 
 
 Wolcot. 
 pine-apple* (hyphen). 
 Pinero (A. W.), 1855-, 
 
 dramatist ; pron. pin-ai?o. 
 pin-feather*, small ditto, 
 
 not pen- {see also pen-), 
 pinguin, a bird, use pen-*. 
 Pinsuti (Giro), 1829-88, 
 
 composer, 
 pint/*, -s, abbr. pt. 
 
 291 
 
 19 
 
PINTADE — PIiAZA 
 
 pintade (Fr. f.),guineafowl. 
 Pinturicchio, 1454-1513, 
 
 It, painter. 
 pinxit (Lat.), he, or she, 
 
 painted it ; abbr. pnxt. 
 pip/e*, abbr. p. ; -y*, not -ey. 
 " Pippa Passes/* by 
 
 R. Browning, 1841. 
 piquant/* (Fr.), fern, -e, 
 
 sharp. 
 piqui* (Fr. m.), thick cotton 
 
 fabric, quiUing ; (adj.) 
 
 slightly sour (of wine) ; 
 
 (mus.) short, detached ; 
 
 (cook.) larded. 
 PiraBTiS, harbour of Athens. 
 Pirie*8 paper, that made 
 
 byAlex. Pirie & Sons,Ltd., 
 
 Aberdeen ; prort. pir'fi. 
 Pirrie (Rt. Hon. W. J.), 
 
 1847-, shipbuilder. 
 pis aller* (Fr. m.), a make- 
 shift. 
 pistachio* (hot.), Mo/-acho. 
 pitance, use pitt-*. 
 pit-a-pat*, with palpitation, 
 
 not pitpat, pity-, pittypat 
 
 (h3rphens). 
 pitchfork* (one word), 
 pitchstone* (geol.) (one 
 
 word). 
 Pitman (Sir Isaac), 1813- 
 
 97, shorthand inventor, 
 pittance*, an allowance, 
 
 not pita-. 
 Pitti (Palazzo), Florence. 
 Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, 
 
 not -burgh. 
 piu (It.), more. 
 pius (Lat.), holy ; abbr. p. 
 Pix, use Pjrx*. 
 pixy*, «o^-ie. ^ 
 P.J., presiding judge, 
 
 Probate Judge, 
 pk., park, peck, -s. 
 pkg., package, -s. 
 P.L., Pharmacopoeia Lond- 
 
 inensis (London Phar.), 
 
 Poet Laureate, 
 pi., place, plate, -s, plural. 
 place aux dames ! (Fr.), 
 
 ladies first ! 
 placebo*(R.C.C.),Vespers 
 
 for the dead. 
 
 placet* (Lat.), permission. 
 
 Place Venddme, a square 
 in Paris. 
 
 placket* (dress.), an open- 
 ing. 
 
 plafond*, the ceiling, not 
 plat-. 
 
 plagiarize*, «o/-ise. 
 
 plagu/e*, -ily*, -y*. 
 
 plain- sailing, use plane 
 S. (two words). 
 
 plain-song* (hyphen). 
 
 plaintiff*, abbr. plf. 
 
 plaister, use plas-*. 
 
 planchet*, a coin-blank. 
 
 planchette*, pencil frame 
 on wheels. 
 
 plane sailing* (naut), not 
 plain- (two words). 
 
 Plantagenet (family of). 
 
 Plantin (Christophe), 
 1514-89, printer. 
 
 plaster* (sticking-), not 
 plaist-. 
 
 plastron* (Fr. dress, m.), 
 a bodice front. 
 
 plat/e*, -es, abbr. pL ; -y ; 
 (typ.) an electro, stereo, 
 or illustration {see also 
 figures and plates) ; 
 (photog.) whole* — , 
 SVaxeVa in., half-* — , 
 672X4'/*, quarter-*—, 
 
 4V4X374. 
 
 plateau/ *, an elevated 
 plain ; pi. -X* (not ital.). 
 
 plate-glass* (hyphen). 
 
 platinize*, to coat with 
 platinum, not -ise. 
 
 platinum*, symbol Pt. , 
 
 Platonic* (cap,). 
 
 platyrrhine *, «o/-rhine. 
 
 plausible *, not -able. 
 
 play or pay, abbr. p.p. 
 
 play/-bill*, (hyphen). 
 
 playgoer* (one word). 
 
 plays (titles of), when 
 cited, to be roman double- 
 quoted (see also quota- 
 tions). 
 
 playwright* (one word). 
 
 play-wiriter (hyphen). 
 
 plazaj* (Sp.), a public 
 square; pi. -«. 
 
P.L.B. — POETRY 
 
 P.Ij.B., Poor Law Board. 
 P.L.C, Poor Law Com 
 
 mission, -er. 
 pleasur/e*, -able*, 
 plebeian*, vulgar, common, 
 plebiscite*, a vote of the 
 people (no accent, not 
 ital.) ; in Fr. m. pl6-. 
 plebiscitlum * ( Lat. ) , a 
 decree ofthtplehs; pi. -a*. 
 plebs* (Lat.), the populace. 
 Pleiad/* (astr.),/>/. -es*. 
 pleln-air* (Fr. m.), the 
 
 open air. 
 Plen., plenipotentiary, 
 pleur/a*, but -iay*. 
 pleuro-pneumonia* (hy- 
 phen), 
 plf., plaintiff. 
 
 P.L.G., Poor Law Guard- 
 ian. 
 pile (Fr. f.), plaice. 
 Plimsoirs mark (naut.). 
 Plinlimmon, «<?/ Plyn-. 
 plls creux (Fr. dress, m. 
 
 pi.), box-pleats. 
 plisse (Fr. m.), gathering, 
 
 kilting, or pleating. 
 plod/*, -der*, -ding*, 
 plough*, in Amer. plow, 
 plum/*, -my*, 
 plumb*, vertical, 
 plum-pudding (hyphen). 
 Plunket, family name of 
 Barons Plunket and Rath- 
 more. 
 Plunkett, fam. name of 
 Earl of Fingall, and of 
 Barons Dunsany and 
 Louth ; — (Rt. Hon. Sir 
 P. R.), 1835-, diplo- 
 matist ; — (Rt. Hon. Sir 
 Horace C), 1854-, P-C. 
 pluperfect, abbr. plup. 
 plural/, abbr. pi.; -ize, 
 
 not -ise. 
 plus/(Lat.), more; — mark 
 (typ.),that of addition, + . 
 plus tot (Fr.), sooner. 
 Pluto (Rom. myth.), the 
 
 god of the under-world. 
 plutdt (Fr.), rather. 
 Plutus (Gr. myth.), per- 
 sonification of riches. 
 
 p/uvier (Fr. m.), plover, 
 pluviometer, not pluvia-. 
 Plymouth Brethren, 
 
 abbr. P.B. 
 Plynlimmon, use Plin-. 
 P.M., Pacific Mail, pay- 
 master, postmaster, post- 
 mortem. 
 p.ni.* (Lat.), post meridiem 
 
 (afternoon) (not ital.). 
 pm., premium, premolar. 
 P.M. & O.A., Printers' 
 Managers and Overseers 
 Assoc. 
 P.M. a., "Pall Mall Ga- 
 zette," Paymaster-Gen- 
 eral, Postmaster-General. 
 P.M.O., Principal Medical 
 
 Officer, 
 p.n., promissory note, 
 pneum., pneumatic, -s. 
 pnxt, pinxit (he, or she, 
 
 painted it). 
 P.O., petty officer, postal 
 order, post office, professot 
 ordinarius, Province of 
 Ontario, public office, -er. 
 pocket - handkerchief 
 
 (hyphen). 
 poco] (It.), a little, abbr. p. ; 
 — curante, apathetic, 
 careless. 
 P.O.D., pay on delivery, 
 
 Post Office Department. 
 Poe (Edgar Allan), 1809- 
 49, Amer. writer ; pron.po. 
 po^le (Fr. m.), pall, stove ; 
 
 (f.) frying-pan. 
 poems (titles of), when 
 cited, to be roman double- 
 quoted {see also quota- 
 tions), 
 poet., poetic, -ical, poetry. 
 Poet Laureate (caps., two 
 
 words) ; abbr. P.L. 
 poetry (typ.), turn-over 
 lines to be indented two 
 ems when even, three ema 
 when outand in, except in 
 very narrow measures ; 
 use grave accented e 
 when that otherwise mute 
 syllable is to be separately 
 pronounced, as raised ; 
 
 t 
 
 393 
 
POETRY — PONDERE 
 
 when verses are num- 
 bered, no period after the 
 figure ; poetry quota- 
 tions, unless they are set 
 in smaller type, to have 
 double quotes at beginning 
 of first verse and end of 
 last verse only. 
 poignard, poinard, use 
 
 poniard, 
 poinsettia (botany), not 
 point-. 
 
 point (typ.), all marks of 
 punctuation, especially 
 the full stop {see a&o com- 
 pass, point system, 
 punctuation). 
 
 point-blank (hyphen). 
 
 point] tTappui (Fr. m.), 
 a basis of operations ; — 
 €Pattaque, basis of 
 offensive operations. 
 
 Point-de-Galle, Ceylon 
 (hyphens). 
 
 polat et virgule (Fr.), the 
 semicolon. 
 
 pointing (typ.), printers' 
 term for punctuation, 
 which see. 
 
 point system (typ.), one 
 requiring that the bodies 
 of all types shall be 
 multiples, or di\'isions, of 
 the twelfth of a pica, 
 which is theoretically the 
 sixth of an inch (72 points 
 = I inch). 
 
 poireau (Fr. m.), leek. 
 
 po/s (Fr.m. s. and pi.), pea. 
 
 poisson (Fr. m.), fish. 
 
 poivre (Fr. m.), pepper. 
 
 Pol., Poland, Polish. 
 
 polarize, not -ise. 
 
 pole, abbr. p. 
 
 Pole Carew, pron. pool 
 ka'rg. 
 
 polecat (one word). 
 
 pol. econ., political econo- 
 my. 
 
 Police (Ger. f.), policy of 
 insurance (cap.) {set also 
 PoIIzel). 
 
 police-constable (hy- 
 phen) ; abbr. P.O. 
 
 poUcblnelle (Fr. m.), 
 puppet, buffoon. 
 
 Polish, abbr. Pol. ; (typ.) 
 has 24 letters as in Eng. 
 without q and v. There 
 are accents on many of 
 the letters. 
 
 polit., political, politics. 
 
 pOlitesse (Fr. f.), polite- 
 ness. 
 
 political economy, abbr. 
 pol. econ. 
 
 Polizei (Ger. f.), police 
 (cap.) {see also Police). 
 
 pollock, a fish, not -ack. 
 
 PoUock (Sir Frederick), 
 1845-, Prof, of law ; — 
 (Walter Herries), 
 1850-, writer. 
 
 PoUok (Robert), 1799- 
 1827, Sc. poet. 
 
 Pollokshaws, near Glas- 
 gow. 
 
 Polwarth, pron. pol'- 
 worth. 
 
 polyanthus/ (bot.), not 
 -OS ; pi. -es. 
 
 polyglot, not -ott. 
 
 polyhedr/on, not polye- ; 
 pi. -a. 
 
 ** Polyolbion," by Dray- 
 ton, 1613-22. 
 
 polyp (zool.), not -pe. 
 
 polyp/us (path.),jft/. -i. 
 
 Polytechnic Institu- 
 tion, London. 
 
 Polytechnique (Eoole), 
 Fr. school. 
 
 polyzo/on (zool.), pi. -a. 
 
 pomade, preparation for 
 the hair, not pomm-. 
 
 Pomard, a Burgundy 
 wine. 
 
 pomelo, a fruit, the shad- 
 dock, not pumm-. 
 
 pommel/, -led, -ling, not 
 pum-. 
 
 pommes]{FT. f. pl.),apples; 
 — de terre, potatoes. 
 
 Pompeian, of Pompeii. 
 ponctuation (Fr. f.), 
 
 punctuation. 
 pondere (Lat.), by weight ; 
 abbr. p. 
 
 "94 
 
PONDICHERIIY — POSSESSIVE 
 
 Pondicherry, Ind.; in Fr. 
 
 Pondich6ry. 
 poniard, a dagger, not 
 
 poign-, poin-. 
 ponsj (Lat.), a bridge, pi 
 
 pontes ; — asinorum, 
 
 bridge of asses, Euclid, 
 
 1,5. 
 
 Pontacq, a white wine. 
 
 Pontefract, pron. pomfret. 
 
 pontlfjex (Lat.), a bishop, 
 abbr. P.'; pi. -ices, 
 
 pont/ifF, -ifical. 
 
 Pont-l'ifivdque, a Fr. 
 town ; (m.) a cheese. 
 
 P.O.O., post office order. 
 
 pood (Russ.), 36 lb. Eng. 
 
 Pool, Leeds. ' 
 
 Poole, Dorset. 
 
 Poole (W. P.), 1821-94, 
 of " Poole's Index." 
 
 Poona, Bombay, not -ah. 
 
 poorhouse (one word). 
 
 Poor Law (two words, 
 caps.) ; poor-rate (hy- 
 phen, no caps.). 
 
 P.O.P. (photog.), printing- 
 out paper. 
 
 pop., popular, population. 
 
 Pope (the) (cap.). 
 
 pope-Joan, a card game 
 (cap. J only). 
 
 popiilarize, not -ise. 
 
 population, abbr. pop. 
 
 populus (Lat.), people ; 
 abbr. P. 
 
 pore (Fr. m.), pork. 
 
 Porchester Terrace, 
 London {set also Port-). 
 
 -pore, Ind. suffix, see -pur. 
 
 Porson (Richard), 1759- 
 1808, Gr. scholar. 
 
 Port., Portugal, -uese. 
 
 Port au Prince, Haiti 
 (two caps., no hyphen). 
 
 Portchester, Hants {see 
 also Porch-). 
 
 Porte, the Turkish Govern- 
 ment ; more fully the 
 Sublime — (ital.). 
 
 portej'Crayon (Fr. m.), a 
 
 crayon-holder ; mon- 
 
 naie (s. and pi.), a purse 
 (hyphen). 
 
 Port-Glasgow, Renfrew 
 (hyphen). 
 
 portico/, pi. -es ; -ed. 
 
 portiire (Fr. f.), door- 
 curtain, a portress, car- 
 riage door, or window. 
 
 portmanteau/, pi. -x (not 
 ital.). 
 
 Porto Bello, Panama (two 
 words). 
 
 Portobello, near Edin- 
 burgh (one word). 
 
 Portpatrick, Stranraer 
 (one word). 
 
 portray, not pour-. 
 
 Portugal, abbr. Port, (see 
 also Assemblies). 
 
 Portuguese, abbr. Port. ; 
 (typ.) alphabet has 25 
 letters as in Eng. without 
 TV. The vowels a, o, may 
 have a curved mark over, 
 as Jo^o, p3em. The acute 
 accent, also f as in Fr., 
 is used sometimes. 
 
 pos., positive. 
 
 P.O.S.B., Post Office 
 Savings Bank. 
 
 pos/e, -ed, -ing. 
 
 poseujr (Fr.), /em. -se, 
 a prig. 
 
 poss., possession, -ive. 
 
 posse comitatus (Lat.), 
 the county force. 
 
 possessive case (typ.)— 
 
 1. The apostrophe for 
 this should be used 
 only for nouns ; not for 
 the pronouns hers, its, 
 ours, theirs, yours. 
 
 2. For nouns in the 
 singular and plural that 
 end in any letter but s, 
 the apostrophe must 
 precede the 5, as Presi- 
 dent's house, men's 
 hats. 
 
 3. For nouns in the 
 singular number that 
 end in 5, the possessive 
 must be formed by 
 adding the '5, as 
 Burns's poems, St. 
 James's Street. 
 
 895 
 
POSSESSIVE — POUIiETT 
 
 possessive case (cont). 
 
 4. For nouns in the 
 plural number that end 
 in s, the apostrophe 
 must follow the s, as 
 in boys' games. 
 
 5. When the s would be 
 silent in speech, it is 
 generally omitted, as 
 for conscience' sake. 
 
 6. In English names and 
 surnames add '5. 
 
 7. Ancient words ending 
 in -es usually make the 
 possessive in -es', as 
 Ceres' rites, Moses' law. 
 
 8. Omit the apos. in such 
 cases as " Additional 
 Curates Society," 
 where the Society is not 
 of or for the persons 
 named. 
 
 post, abbr. P. 
 
 post (Lat.), after; abbr. p. 
 
 postage - stamp (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 postal order, abbr. P.O. 
 
 post card/, -s (two words), 
 abbr. p.c. ; (elec- 
 tion), wMs/ bear printer's 
 name and address. 
 
 poste restante, P.O. dept. 
 w^here letters remain till 
 called for. 
 
 posteriori (a), not a — 
 (not ital). 
 
 postgraduate (one word). 
 
 post-haste (hyphen). 
 
 posthumous, not postu-. 
 
 postilion, not -llion. 
 
 post litem motam (Lat.), 
 after litigation began. 
 
 postmark (one word). 
 
 postmaster (one word) ; 
 abbr. P.M. 
 
 Postmaster - General 
 (hj'phen, caps.) ; abbr. 
 P.M.G. 
 
 post meridiem (Lat.), 
 afternoon; abbr. p.m. (not 
 caps., or s.caps.). 
 
 post-mortem (hyphen, not 
 ital.) ; abbr. P.M. 
 
 post-obit, a bond (hyphen). 
 
 post oflB.ce/ (two words), 
 
 abbr. P.O. ; order, 
 
 abbr. P.O.O. ; Post Of- 
 fice Savings Bank, 
 abbr. P.O.S.B. ; post 
 paid, abbr. p.p. 
 
 post, see books, paper. 
 
 postscript (one word) ; 
 abbr. P.S., not PS., pi. 
 P.SS. 
 
 post terminum (Lat.), 
 after the conclusion. 
 
 postumous, use posth-. 
 
 posy, not -ey. 
 
 pot/, -ted, -ting. 
 
 pot., potential. 
 
 potagej (Fr. m.), soup ; — k 
 la queue de baeuf, ox- 
 tail soup; — delevraut, 
 hare soup; — printanier, 
 soup with spring veget- 
 ables. 
 
 potato/, pi. -es. 
 
 pot-au-feu (Fr. cook, m.), 
 a meat broth. 
 
 poteen, illicit whisky, not 
 pott-, poth-. 
 
 potential, abbr. pot. 
 
 pot (paper), use pott {see 
 also books, paper). 
 
 potpourri, a medley (one 
 word). 
 
 potsherd, not -ard, 
 -are. 
 
 pott (paper), not pot (see 
 also books, paper). 
 
 pouce (Fr. m.), an inch, 
 a thumb ; abbr. p. 
 
 pouding (Ft. cook, m.), 
 pudding. 
 
 poudrli (Fr.), fern, -ie, 
 powdered. 
 
 Poughkeepsie, U.S.A.; 
 pron. pO-kip'si. 
 
 poularde (Fr. f.), a fat 
 pullet. 
 
 poulej (Fr. f.), a hen ; — de 
 neige, white grouse ; — 
 faisane, hen-pheasant. 
 
 pouletj (Fr. m.), a young 
 chicken ; — de grain, 
 a corn-fed chicken. 
 
 Poulett (Earl, not of); 
 pron. pawl'et. 
 
 396 
 
POULETTE — PRE-ADAMITE 
 
 poulette (Fr. f.), a young 
 
 hen. 
 pound/, avoirdupois, 7000 
 
 grains ; — troy, 5760 
 
 grains ; — mark (typ.), 
 
 money £, weight lb. {not 
 
 tfe), neither takes s in the 
 
 plural. 
 pourj (Fr.), for, abbr. p. ; — 
 
 ainsi dire, so to speak. 
 pourboire (Fr. m.), a 
 
 gratuity. 
 pourl dire adieu (Fr.), 
 
 to say good-bye, abbr. 
 
 p.d.a. ; — faire ses 
 
 adieuxy ditto, abbr. 
 
 p.f.s.a. ; — faIre visite, 
 
 to make a call, abbr. p.f.v. 
 pourparler (Fr. m.), pre- 
 liminary discussion (one 
 
 word, ital.). 
 pour prendre congS (Fr.), 
 
 to take leave; abbr.p.p.c. 
 pour rendre vislte (Fr.), 
 
 to return a call j abbr. 
 
 p.r.v. 
 pour tout dire (Fr.), in a 
 
 word. 
 pourtray, use por-. 
 pousse-cafS (Fr. m.), a 
 
 liqueur (after coffee). 
 Poussin (Wicholas), 
 
 1594-1665, painter. 
 poussin (Fr. m.), a very 
 
 young chicken. 
 Powell, /(row. pO'el. 
 Powerscourt,/:>ro«.po'ers- 
 
 korL 
 Powis (Earl of), family 
 
 name Herbert ; pron. 
 
 pQ'is (see also Powys). 
 Powlett, />n)«. pawl'et. 
 powwow, a feast, etc. 
 
 (3 w's). 
 Powys, fam. name Baron 
 
 Lilford ; pron. pO'is (see 
 
 also Powis). 
 PP. (Lat.), Palres (fathers). 
 P.P.*, parish priest, 
 pp., pages; (typ.) this abbr. 
 
 should not end a line. 
 pp * (It. mus.), pianissimo 
 
 (very soft) or piu piano 
 
 (softer). 
 
 p.p., past participle, play 
 or pay, (Fr.) publie par 
 (published by), post paid. 
 
 Ppb. (Ger. bind.), Pappband 
 (boards). 
 
 p.p.C, pour prendre conge 
 (to take leave, to pay 
 a parting call). 
 
 p.p.i., policy suflBcient proof 
 of interest. 
 
 P.Q., previous question. 
 Province of Quebec. 
 
 P.B,., Porto Rico, prize 
 nng,{Lat.)PopulusRoma. 
 nus (the Roman people). 
 
 Pr., priest, printer. 
 
 pr., pair, -s. 
 
 P.R.A.*, President of the 
 Royal Academy (Lon- 
 don). 
 
 praam, a boat, use pram.. 
 
 Pracbtausgabe (Ger. 
 typ. f.), edition de luxe ; 
 abbr. Pr.-A. 
 
 practice (noun). 
 
 practise (verb). 
 
 praemimire, a writ, not 
 pre-. 
 
 praBnomen, use pre-. 
 
 praBpositor, use pre-. 
 
 praster propter (Lat.), 
 about, nearly; abbr. pr. 
 pr. 
 
 praBtor, a Roman magis- 
 trate, not pre-. 
 
 Prager (Ger.), inhabitant 
 of Prague. 
 
 Prager (Ger.), a coiner. 
 
 pram, a boat, not praam. 
 
 pratique, a limited quaran- 
 tine, not -ic. 
 
 Prayer Book (caps., no 
 hyphen) ; abbr. P.B. 
 
 Prayer of Manasses, 
 abbr. Pr. of Manasses. 
 
 P.B.B., Pre-Raphaelite 
 Brotherhood, 1850. 
 
 P.R.C., Post Romam Con- 
 ditam (after the building 
 of Rome ; 753 b.c). 
 
 Prchevalsky, use Przh- 
 valsky. 
 
 pre-Adamite (hyphen, 
 cap. A). 
 
 297 
 
PB^AULT — PRENOMEN 
 
 Pr6ault (A. A.), 1809-79, 
 Fr. sculptor. 
 
 preb., prebend, -ary. 
 
 prec, preceding, precentor. 
 
 precentor, choir director ; 
 abbr. prec. 
 
 preceptor, a teacher. 
 
 preces (Lat.), prayers. 
 
 precession, of the equi- 
 noxes. 
 
 pre-Christian (hyphen, 
 cap. C). 
 
 ** Pr6cieuses Kidicules 
 (Les),** by Molidre, 1659, 
 
 precieulx (Fr.), an affected 
 man ; /em. -se. 
 
 precis/, a summary ; — 
 writing (not ital.). 
 
 pre-Columbian (hyphen, 
 cap. C). 
 
 precursor, tiot -er. 
 
 predictor, not -er. 
 
 predilection, partiality. 
 
 pre/ -eminence, -emin- 
 ent,-emption,-engage, 
 -establish, -exist (all 
 hyphened). 
 
 pref., preface, preference, 
 preferred, prefix, -ed. 
 
 preface, the introductory 
 address of the author to 
 the reader, in which he 
 explains the purpose and 
 scope of the book. It is 
 as well to make this 
 thoroughly explanatory, 
 as cases are not infrequent 
 where this is the only 
 part of the book read by 
 a reviewer! (typ.) It is 
 usually set in type one or 
 two sizes larger than the 
 text, or the same type more 
 widely leaded. The pagi- 
 nation should be separate 
 from the text,and in roman 
 numerals with no full 
 point, and not in figures. 
 Abbr. pref. (see also pre- 
 liminary matter). 
 
 prSfecturej {Fr. f.), county- 
 hall in a French town ; 
 — • de poUcCf office of 
 commissioner of police. 
 
 prefer/, -able, -ably, etc. 
 
 prefer/ence, -red, abbr. 
 pref. 
 
 prefix/, -ed, abbr. pref. 
 
 prehens/ible, -ile (one 
 word). 
 
 prehistoric (one word). 
 
 Preignac, a white wine. 
 
 Prejevalski, use Przh- 
 valsky. 
 
 prejudg/e, -ment, etc. 
 (one w^ord). 
 
 prejudice against ; — in 
 favour of not to be used. 
 
 prelim., preliminary. 
 
 preliminary matter 
 (typ.), the order should 
 be : — half-title, frontis- 
 piece, title (on the back 
 of this, number of editions, 
 impressions, etc.), dedica- 
 tion, errata, preface, con- 
 tents, list of illustrations, 
 introduction. All except 
 frontispiece, which faces 
 title, to come or begin on 
 right-hand pages, but the 
 errata may go on the left- 
 hand page when needful to 
 save space. Pagination to 
 be roman numerals with 
 no full point. The index 
 to be at the end of the 
 book, beginning on a 
 right-hand page, and with 
 pagination running on 
 with the book (see also 
 title page/, -s). 
 
 premier (au) (Fr. m.), on 
 the first floor ; premiere 
 danseuse, principal fem. 
 dancer in a ballet ; en 
 premiere, in a first-class 
 carriage ; premiere qua- 
 Iit6, first quality. 
 
 premise (logic), a pro- 
 position, not -iss. 
 
 premise (verb), not -ize. 
 
 premium, abbr. pm. 
 
 premolar, abbr. pm. 
 
 premunire, use prae-. 
 
 prendre Vbabit (Fr.), to 
 become a monk or nun. 
 
 prenomen, not prae-. 
 
 298 
 
PRENTICE — PREVOST 
 
 prentice, an apprentice 
 (no apos.). 
 
 pre/occupy, -ordain (one 
 word). 
 
 prep., preparatory, pre- 
 position. 
 
 prepay (one word). 
 
 prepositor, a monitor, not 
 prae-. 
 
 Pre-Raphaelite/(hyphen, 
 caps.) ; — Brotherhood, 
 abbr. P.R.B. 
 
 Pres., president. 
 
 pr6 sali (Fr. m.), mutton 
 from sheep pastured on 
 a salt marsh, or near the 
 sea. 
 
 Presb., Presbyterian. 
 
 presbyopia, old sight. 
 
 Presbyterian (cap.); abbr. 
 Presb. 
 
 preses (Sc), president, 
 or chairman. 
 
 president, abbr. Pres. 
 
 President of the United 
 States, etc. (caps.). 
 
 Press (the), newspapers, 
 etc. (cap.). 
 
 press (corrector of the), 
 one who reads and cor- 
 rects printers' proofs ; a 
 proof-reader. 
 
 Press (freedom of the). 
 Every person who prints 
 anything for hire or re- 
 ward must, under a 
 penalty of £20, keep one 
 copy at least of the matter 
 printed, and write on it 
 the name and place of 
 abode of the person who 
 employed him to print it. 
 Every person who 
 prints any paper meant 
 to be published must 
 print on the first or last 
 leaf his name and usual 
 place of business ; on 
 failing to do so he forfeits 
 the sum of ^5, and so 
 does any person publish- 
 ing the same. 
 
 Papers printed by Par- 
 liament, or in Govern- 
 
 ment offices, engravings, 
 auction lists, bank-notes, 
 bills of lading, receipts 
 for money, and a few 
 similar forms, are ex- 
 empt. 
 
 Pressens6 (E. D. de), 
 1824-91, Fr. theol. and 
 statesman. 
 
 press/-niark, that which 
 shows the place of a book 
 in a library ; — proof, 
 the last one examined 
 before going to press, or 
 taking electro or stereo ; 
 — -work (typ,), the 
 operating, adjustment, or 
 management of a printing 
 press ; also the work 
 done by the press. 
 
 pressure(mechanics),abbr. 
 P. 
 
 Prester John, mythical 
 mediaeval priest. 
 
 prestige, renown (not 
 ital.). 
 
 prestige (Fr. m.), enchant- 
 ment (ital.). 
 
 Preston/kirk, -pans, 
 Haddington (one word). 
 
 Prestwich, Lanes. 
 
 Prestwick, Ayr. 
 
 presum/e, -able, -ably, 
 -ing. 
 
 pret., preterit. 
 
 pretence, not -se. 
 
 preten^sion, -tious. 
 
 preterit, past tense, not 
 -ite ; abbr. pret. 
 
 preternatural, etc. (one 
 word). 
 
 prSter serment (Fr.), to 
 take the oath. 
 
 pretlami affectlonis (Lat., 
 Sc. law), a fancy price ; 
 — perlculi, premium for 
 insurance. 
 
 pretor, use prae-. 
 
 Preussen, Ger. n. for 
 Prussia; pron. proi'sen. 
 
 prevail/, -ed, -ing. 
 
 preventive, not -tative, 
 -titive. 
 
 Prevost, /TOM. preVo. 
 
 299 
 
PK]6VOST — PBIVY 
 
 Pr6vost-Paradol (L. A.^ 
 1829-70, Fr. writer. 
 
 pr&vdt (Fr. m.), provost. 
 
 P.R.I., President of the 
 Royal Institute (of Paint- 
 ers in Water-Colours). 
 
 price list (two words). 
 
 prie-Dieu (Fr. m.), a kneel- 
 ing-chair (for devotion) ; 
 pl. same. 
 
 priest, abbr. Pr. 
 
 prim., primary, primate, 
 primitive. 
 
 prima (typ.), the first word 
 of the next page, sheet, 
 or slip to the one being 
 read ; also mark on copy 
 where reading is to be re- 
 sumed after interruption. 
 
 primal (It. f.), first; — 
 6l/iYa, first female singer in 
 a comic opera ; — donna, 
 first ditto in opera, pl. 
 prime donne; prima 
 facie (Lat.), at first sight 
 (two words, not ital.) ; di 
 {or a) prima vista (It.), 
 at first sight ; prima volta 
 (It mus.), the first time. 
 
 Prim.e Minister (two 
 words, caps.). 
 
 primer (typ.), pron. prim- 
 er {see also great — , 
 long — ). 
 
 primeval, not -aeval. 
 
 primigenial, not primo-. 
 
 Primitive Baptists,abbr. 
 P.B. 
 
 primum cognitum (Lat.), 
 the first thing known. 
 
 primusj (Lat.), first, abbr. 
 p. ; — inter pares, first 
 among equals. 
 
 Prin., Principal. 
 
 prin., principles, princi- 
 pally. 
 
 prince,abbr.P.; Prince/ of 
 Glory, Life, or Peace, 
 as Deity (caps.); — of 
 Wales/ Island,ofi'. Pen- 
 
 ang; note, a 
 
 paper, 4^3 x 3 in. 
 
 pr/nceps( Lat.), the first,/)/. 
 priocipes; editio — , the 
 
 first edition of a work, pl. 
 editiones principes. 
 
 princesse (Fr. dress.), a 
 long close-fitting gown. 
 
 Princeton University, 
 U.S.A. 
 
 Principal, abbr. Prin. 
 
 princip/les, -ally, abbr. 
 prin. 
 
 print., printing. 
 
 print (in), still on sale ; — 
 (out of), sale, or new, 
 copies no longer obtain- 
 able, abbr. o.p. 
 
 printanijer (Fr. cook.), 
 /em. -dre, with early 
 spring vegetables. 
 
 printer, abbr. pr. ; King's 
 or Queen's Printer, 
 may print Bibles (A.V.), 
 Prayer Books, Statutes, 
 and Acts of State, to the 
 exclusion of all other 
 presses, except (in the 
 case of Bibles and Prayer 
 Books) those of the Uni- 
 versities of Oxford and 
 Cambridge. Special li- 
 cence may be given to 
 print Bibles in Scotland 
 and Ireland. 
 
 printer's error,/)/, print/- 
 er's, or -ers* errors. 
 
 printer's mark, an im- 
 print. 
 
 printing, abbr. ptg., or 
 print. 
 
 Prinzj (Ger. m.), prince 
 (usually of the blood 
 royal), pl. -en ; fern. 
 -essin, pl. -essinnen 
 (cap.). 
 
 prior to, be/ore, or pre- 
 vious to, preferred. 
 
 prise, to force open, MO/-ize. 
 
 priv., privative. 
 
 Privatdozent (Ger. m.), a 
 university teacher paid 
 only by students' fees (one 
 word, cap.); abbr. P.D. 
 
 privative, abbr. priv. 
 
 Privy Council/, -lor (two 
 words, caps.\ abbr. 
 P.O. J Privy Seal, P.S. 
 
 300 
 
PRIX — PROOF 
 
 prIx (Fr. m.), prize, price. 
 
 prize, to force open,use -ise. 
 
 p.r.n., pro re nata (as oc- 
 casion may require). 
 
 pro (Lat.), for ; abbr. p. 
 
 proa, Malay vessel, not the 
 many variations. 
 
 pro and con, pro et contra 
 (forand against) ; pi. pros 
 and cons (not ital., no 
 points). 
 
 prob., probable, -ly, prob- 
 
 ' lem. 
 
 probatum est (Lat.), it 
 has been proved. 
 
 Probelabzug{Ger.typ.m.), 
 proof impression ; -6o- 
 ^en, proof-sheet ; -nutn- 
 tner, specimen number ; 
 'Seite, specimen page 
 (caps.). 
 
 pro bono publico (Lat), 
 for the public good. 
 
 probosc/is, pi. -es. 
 
 Proc, proceedings, proctor. 
 
 proems (Fr. m.), lawsuit. 
 
 process blocks, illustra- 
 tions produced by pho- 
 tography, and chemical or 
 mechanical etching pro- 
 cesses. 
 
 process-server (hyphen). 
 
 prochsj - verbal, official 
 report, minutes ; pi. — 
 -verbaux. 
 
 proconsul (one word) ; 
 abbr. P. 
 
 Procter (Adelaide 
 
 Anne), 1825-64, poetess ; 
 
 — (Bryan Waller, not 
 Walter), 1787-1874, pen- 
 name "Barry Cornwall," 
 poet. 
 
 proctor, abbr. Proc. 
 
 Proctor (R. A.), 1837-88, 
 astr. and writer. 
 
 Procurator - fiscal, Sc. 
 law officer (cap. P, hy- 
 phen). 
 
 procureurj (Fr. m.), an 
 attorney ; — de la rS- 
 publfque, — du rot, or 
 
 — gSnSraU public pro- 
 secutor. 
 
 prodrom/us, a preliminary 
 treatise ; pi. -i. 
 
 producible, not -able. 
 
 pro et contra (Lat.), for 
 and against {see also pro 
 and con). 
 
 Prof., professor. 
 
 professoriate, not -orate. 
 
 pro forma (Lat.), as a 
 
 matter of form, not a 
 
 (two words). 
 
 Profs., professors. 
 
 programme, not -am. 
 
 pro bac vice (Lat.), for 
 this occasion, «o^ — hac — . 
 
 projector, not -er. 
 
 prolegomen/a, prelimi- 
 nary remarks ; no sing., 
 genit. pi. -on. 
 
 proletariat, the poorest 
 class in a community, not 
 -te (not itaJ.). 
 
 prologize, etc., to deliver 
 a prologue, not -uize. 
 
 prolonge (mil.), a rope. 
 
 prom., promontory. 
 
 promissory note, abbr. 
 p.n. 
 
 pron., pronominal, pro- 
 noun, pronounced, pro- 
 nunciation. 
 
 prononcIS (Fr.), /em. -Se, 
 strongly marked. 
 
 pronoun, abbr. pron. ; 
 when relating to Deity, 
 as His, cap. 
 
 pronounc/e, -eable, 
 
 -ement, -ing ; -ed, 
 abbr. pron. 
 
 pronunciamiento (Sp.), 
 a manifesto. 
 
 pronunciation, abbr. 
 
 pron. 
 
 proof (typ.), a trial im- 
 pression from composed 
 type, taken for correction ; 
 author's — , a clean 
 proof, or one returned 
 w^ith his corrections, abbr. 
 a.p. ; binding — , some 
 rough edges left on a 
 trimmed book, to show 
 that it has not been cut 
 down excessively; clean 
 
 301 
 
PROOF 
 
 proof (cont). 
 
 — , one having very few 
 printers' errors ; first — , 
 the "clean" proof, as cor- 
 rected by the compositor, 
 Virhich the author first re- 
 ceives ; foundry — , the 
 final one of plate-printing ; 
 galley or slip — , a 
 proof taken before the 
 matter is made up into 
 pages : usually about i8 
 inches long. By having 
 the first proof in this 
 form, alterations can be 
 efiected much more 
 cheaply when the cor- 
 rections are likely to 
 be numerous : it is the 
 usual custom in America ; 
 page — , or — in sheets, 
 those made up into pages ; 
 slip — (s^-^galley.above) ; 
 
 — marks (see proof 
 correction marks) ; — 
 paper, that used for 
 taking proofs ; plate — , 
 one taken from a plate ; 
 press — , the final one 
 passed by author, editor, 
 or publisher, for the press ; 
 
 — -reader, one who 
 reads and corrects prin- 
 ters' proofs; readLLng, 
 
 first read through for 
 literals and misplaced 
 letters, afterwards for 
 sense and style (see also 
 head-lines) ; rough, or 
 reader's first — , one 
 taken without special 
 care. 
 
 proof correction 
 
 marks : — 
 
 cap. change to capital 
 letters those trebly 
 underlined. 
 
 c^ delete, take out. 
 
 ital. change to italic let- 
 ters those underlined. 
 
 1.0. change to lower-case 
 letters (small, not caps. 
 or s.caps.) those under- 
 lined. 
 
 proof correction marks 
 
 (com/.). 
 
 n.p., or % begin a new 
 paragraph with the word 
 after the bracket [. 
 
 press, print oflf. 
 
 Qy., or?, added by reader 
 to marksomethingabout 
 which he is uncertain. 
 
 revise, submit another 
 proof. 
 
 rom. change to roman 
 letters those underlined. 
 
 ruJi on and a line 
 drawn from the last 
 word of the first para- 
 graph to the first word 
 of the second, no new 
 paragraph. 
 
 S.caps. change to small 
 capitals those doubly 
 underlined. 
 
 stet let the cancelled 
 word dotted underneath 
 remain. 
 
 tr/ transpose as marked. 
 
 "W, wrong. 
 
 w.f. wrong fount, alter. 
 
 X bad letter, substitute 
 good type. 
 
 A the caret mark, insert 
 matter in margin. 
 
 Q indent first word, 
 
 :}:(: insert space, or equal- 
 ize spacing. 
 
 L space to be reduced. 
 
 6) a type inverted, turn. 
 
 Q remove space, close up. 
 
 y to be put under all 
 apos., quotes, and su- 
 perior letters (as r in 
 M--.) to be added. 
 
 _L a space to be pushed 
 down. 
 
 r move to the left. 
 
 "1 move to the right. 
 
 II make parallel at the 
 sides. 
 
 see stet, above. 
 
 = lines to bestraightened. 
 
 / a stroke as this to be 
 put after each note in 
 the margin to show 
 that it is concluded, to 
 
 30a 
 
PROOF — PROVENCALE 
 
 proof correction marks 
 
 {cont.). 
 
 ' separate it from others, 
 and to call attention to it. 
 ALL corrections to be 
 made in ink, and atten- 
 tion called to them in 
 the margin, as other- 
 wise they are liable 
 to be overlooked. All 
 punctuation marks, as 
 full stop, etc., to be en- 
 closed in a circle. 
 
 proofs of engravings : — 
 artist's proof, a first 
 impression after comple- 
 tion ; India proof, one 
 on India paper ; proof 
 before letters, or third 
 state, has no engraved 
 title, but name of artist 
 and engraver in small en- 
 graved letters at right 
 and left corners of plate, 
 usually loo copies ; proof 
 print, an early and supe- 
 rior impression ; remark 
 proof, one of the first 
 50-100 copies, denoted by 
 one or more fanciful de- 
 signs on the margin, or by 
 the absence of certain lines 
 in diiferent parts of the 
 plate; proof with open 
 letters, an early proof on 
 which the title is engraved 
 in letters that are merely 
 outlined; second state 
 proof, has engraved sig- 
 nature of engraver, next 
 in value to remark proof, 
 usually 200 copies printed. 
 
 prop., proposition. 
 
 pro patria (Lat), for one's 
 country. 
 
 Propatrlapapier (Ger. 
 typ. n.), foolscap (cap.). 
 
 propel/, -led, -ler, -ling. 
 
 prophecy (noun). 
 
 prophesy (verb). 
 
 propitiat/e, -or, not -er. 
 
 proposition, abbr. prop. 
 
 propria motu (Lat.), of 
 one's own accord. 
 
 proj rata (Lat.), in pro- 
 portion ; — re nata, as 
 
 occasion may require, 
 abbr. p.r.n. 
 
 pros., prosody. 
 
 pro salute animas (Lat.), 
 for the good of the soul. 
 
 pros and cons, pi. of pro 
 and con (not ital., no 
 points). 
 
 prosceni/um, pi. -a. 
 
 proselytize, etc., not -ise. 
 
 prosit! (Lat.), your good 
 health ! (used by Ger. 
 students and others). 
 
 prospector, not -er. 
 
 prospectus/, pi. -es. 
 
 Prot., Protestant. 
 
 pro tanto (Lat.), to that 
 extent. 
 
 protector, not -er. 
 
 prot6g/e,>w.-6e(notital.). 
 
 pro tempore (Lat.), for 
 the time being; abbr. pro 
 tern,, orp.t. 
 
 Protestant/, abbr. Prot. ; 
 -ism (cap.). 
 
 protester, not -or. 
 
 prothonotary, not proto-. 
 
 protomartyr, prototype 
 (one word). 
 
 protozo/on, />/. -a(not ital.). 
 
 protractor, drawing in- 
 strument, not -er. 
 
 Proudhon (P. J.), 1809- 
 65, Fr. Socialist. 
 
 Prov., Provence, -fal, Pro- 
 verbs, province. Provost. 
 
 prov., proverbially, pro- 
 vincial, provisional. 
 
 Prov. Batt. (mil.). Pro- 
 visional Battalion. 
 
 prov/e, -able, -ing. 
 
 proven (not) (Scots law), 
 a verdict intermediate 
 between guilty and not 
 guilty, equalling ac- 
 quittal ; but no further 
 trial possible on the same 
 charge. 
 
 provenance (not ital.). 
 
 provenfale (k la) (Fr. 
 cook.), with garlic or 
 onions (not cap.). 
 
 303 
 
PROVENCE — PUEBIiO 
 
 Proven/ce, S. Fr. (no 
 cedilla), -9al; abbr.Prov. 
 
 Proverbs, abbr. Prov. 
 
 provinc/e, abbr. Prov. ; 
 -ial, abbr. prov. 
 
 Province of Quebec, 
 abbr. P.Q. 
 
 Provisional Battalion, 
 abbr.P.B.,orProv.Batt. 
 
 proviso/, pi. -s (not ital.). 
 
 Provost/, abbr. Prov. ; — 
 -Marshal (caps., hy- 
 phen). 
 
 prox.f see proximo. 
 
 proxlmej accessit (Lat), 
 he, or she, came nearest 
 (to winning a prize, etc.) ; 
 abbr. prox. acc,; pi. — 
 accesserunt. 
 
 proximo (Lat.), in, or of, 
 the next month ; abbr. 
 prox,, this abbr. not to 
 be printed. 
 
 pr. pr., prseter propter 
 (about, nearly). 
 
 P.R.S.*, President of the 
 Royal Society (London). 
 
 P.R.S.A., President of the 
 Royal Scottish Academy. 
 
 Prschevalsky, use Przh- 
 valsky. 
 
 P.R.S.E., President of the 
 Royal Society of Edin- 
 burgh. 
 
 prud'Iiomme (Fr. m.), 
 {formerly) good and true 
 man ; (now) expert, um- 
 pire. 
 
 prueba (Sp. typ.), proof. 
 
 prunella (bot.), not-o. 
 
 Pruss., Prussia, -n. 
 
 p.r.v., pour rendre visite (to 
 return a call). 
 
 Przhvalsky (Nicholas), 
 1 839-, Russ. traveller, 
 not the many varia- 
 tions. 
 
 P.S., permanent secretary, 
 postscriptum (postscript), 
 Privy Seal, (theat. ) prompt 
 side (two points). 
 
 Ps., Psalm, -s. 
 
 p.s. (mil.). Passed School 
 (of Instruction). 
 
 P.S.A.*, Pleasant Sunday 
 Afternoons. 
 
 Psalm/, -s, abbr. Ps. 
 
 Psalmist (the) (cap.). 
 
 Psalter (the) (cap.). 
 
 p's and q*s (apos., no 
 points). 
 
 p.s.c (rail.), Passed StaflF 
 College. 
 
 P.S.E., Pleasant Saturday 
 Evenings. 
 
 pseudonym, an assumed 
 name ; abbr. pseud. 
 
 pshaw^ ! an exclamation, 
 not psha, -h. 
 
 P.S.N. C, Pacific Steam 
 Navigation Company. 
 
 P.SS., postscripta (post- 
 scripts). 
 
 psych., psychic, -al. 
 
 psychol., psychology, -ical. 
 
 P.T., post town, pupil 
 teacher. 
 
 Pt. (geog.), Point, Port. 
 
 Pt, platinum. 
 
 pt., part, payment, pint, -s, 
 (math.) point. 
 
 p.t,, pro tempore (for the 
 time being). 
 
 Ptah (Egypt.), creator. 
 
 Pte. (mil.), private. 
 
 pterodactyl, not -le. 
 
 ptg., printing. 
 
 P.T.O., please turn over. 
 
 ptomaines, poisons. 
 
 pub./, public, -an, publish, 
 -ed, -er, -ing ; — doc, 
 public document. 
 
 publice (Lat.), publicly. 
 
 public-house (hyphen). 
 
 Public Schools (the 
 great), Eton, Harrow, 
 Rugby, Winchester, 
 
 Westminster, Shrews- 
 bury, Charterhouse, St. 
 Pauls, Merchant Taylors. 
 
 public par (Fr.), published 
 by ; abbr. p.p. 
 
 publish/, -ed, -er, -ing, 
 abbr. pub. 
 
 publishers* binding, 
 usually that in cloth. 
 
 Puebla, Mexico. 
 
 Pueblo, Colorado. 
 
 304 
 
PUEBLO — PUNCTUATION IV 
 
 pueblo (Sp.), a village, 
 any inhabited place. 
 
 puff-adder (hyphen). 
 
 puffball, a fungus (one 
 word). 
 
 pugaree, a hat scarf, uoi 
 the many variations. 
 
 pug-dog (hyphen). 
 
 pUinjS (Ft.), fern. -Se, 
 younger, opposed to aine, 
 senior ; pron. pwe'nd. 
 
 puisne (law^), pron. pu'na. 
 
 pul/e, to whine ; -ing. 
 
 Puleston, pron. pil'stn. 
 
 pull (typ.), a proof. 
 
 pull a proof (typ.), take an 
 impression. 
 
 PuUein, pron. pull'en. 
 
 pulque, Amer. beverage. 
 
 pulsimeter, a pulse mea- 
 surer. 
 
 pulsometer, a pumping 
 engine. 
 
 Pulteney, pron. pole'tne. 
 
 pulverize, not -ise. 
 
 pummel, use po-. 
 
 pum.melo, use pomelo. 
 
 Pumpernickel (Ger. m.), 
 rye bread, also nickname. 
 
 Punchinello, a puppet. 
 
 punctatim (Lat.), point 
 for point. 
 
 punctilio/, pi. -s. 
 
 punctuation. 
 I. The chief diflBculty lies 
 in the use of the comma, 
 semicolon, colon, and 
 period. In general they 
 correspond, in the order 
 named, to shorter or 
 longer pauses as heard in 
 correct speech ; but no ab- 
 solute rules can be given. 
 
 1. Logic and common 
 sense must be the su- 
 preme guides. 
 
 2. Punctuate so as to 
 show the meaning best. 
 
 3. Omit every point 
 that does not make the 
 meaning clearer. 
 
 4. Points are usually 
 omitted in English legal 
 documents and papers. 
 
 punctuation {cont.). 
 
 5. (typ.) Copy to be fol- 
 lowed when so ordered. 
 II. apostrophe (*) 
 
 1. Is placed to show an 
 omission, as "e'er" for 
 ''ever", *'it's" for "it 
 is ","tho'" for "though", 
 "'49" for "1849." But 
 it is not used when the 
 word retains the first and 
 last letters and its original 
 sound, as "Dr.", "Mr." 
 
 2. The plural of single 
 letters and figures is 
 made by adding '5, as 
 "M.P.'s", "R.A.'s", 
 "p's and q's"; (typ.) 
 always set these close up. 
 
 3. Isused in Irish names, 
 such as 0'Neil,0'Connor. 
 
 4. It is not used, in 
 place of the single turned 
 comma, in such Scotch 
 names as M'Gregor, etc. 
 (see also possessive 
 case, quotations). 
 
 •"• b^-. 1 l^'Z 
 
 in tabular work to con- 
 nect two or more 
 lines ; the explanation 
 being central and on the 
 opposite side. The brace 
 should point towards the 
 fewer number of lines, as 
 
 Biology jiodog;. 
 IV. brackets, [] (typ. 
 crotch, or crotchets), 
 are used to include 
 
 1. Comments, correc- 
 tions, explanations, inter- 
 polations, notes, or trans- 
 lations, not in the original, 
 but added by subsequent 
 authors, editors, or others, 
 as "I have heard him 
 [Lord Palmerston] say" 
 {see also XX). 
 
 2, They may also con- 
 tain an omitted word, or 
 the correct spelling of a 
 misspelt word. 
 
 305 20 
 
PUNCTUATION IV — VII 
 
 punctuation (cont.). 
 
 3. They are largely 
 used in dictionaries, etc. 
 
 4. They should be used 
 with \sic]. 
 
 5. In sentences where 
 [ ] and ( ) both occur, the 
 main digression usually 
 takes [ ], the subordinate 
 ( ), thus : " [here the au- 
 thor contradicts himself 
 (see page 76)]." Avoid 
 (()), «5.[()]. 
 
 V. close, heavy, or stiff, 
 punctuation is that 
 characterized especially 
 by the use of many 
 commas : common in the 
 eighteenth century, as : — 
 
 " He has also informed 
 me, that those, who were 
 the oldest Benchers when 
 he came to the Temple, 
 told him, the first mar- 
 riage settlement of con- 
 siderable length, was the 
 invention of an old Ser- 
 geant." ("Tatler" No. 
 199, 18 July, 1710.) 
 
 VI. colon ( : ) is used 
 
 1. When the preceding - 
 part of a sentence is 
 complete in sense and 
 construction, and the 
 following part is some 
 remark naturally arising 
 from it and depending on 
 it in sense, though not in 
 construction, as ''Study 
 to acquire the habit of 
 thinking : no habit is more 
 important." "We are 
 never deceived : we de- 
 ceive ourselves "(Goethe). 
 
 2. In introducing an 
 argument, example, nar- 
 rative, quotation, saying, 
 or speech, as ''Exception 
 may fairly be taken to 
 the sentence in which he 
 says : ' The law ought 
 to forbiU it, because it is 
 not permitted by con- 
 science.' " 
 
 punctuation {cont.), 
 
 3. It is placed after 
 such words as, as follows : 
 for example : namely : 
 [Shakespeare] says : this 
 maxim : these words : 
 thus : to wit : as "On the 
 last morning of his life 
 he wrote these words : 
 ' I have named none 
 to their disadvantage.' " 
 And also where some of 
 these words are implied 
 but not expressed, as 
 "Three nations adopted 
 this law: England, France, 
 and Germany." When 
 the word following com- 
 mences a new paragraph, 
 the colon should be 
 followed by a dash, as 
 "namely : — " 
 
 4. After words marking 
 a new stage in an argu- 
 ment, as again : further : 
 to proceed : to resume : 
 to sum up : In these 
 cases the immediately suc- 
 ceeding sentence should 
 begin with a lower-case 
 letter, as "To sum up: 
 if you will conform to 
 these conditions, I will 
 sign the agreement." 
 
 5. On title pages, (A) 
 between the place of 
 publication and the name 
 of the publisher, as 
 " Oxford : At the Claren- 
 don Press"; "Cambridge: 
 At the University Press " ; 
 (B) between the principal 
 and the secondary title, 
 as "The Imperial Dic- 
 tionary of the English 
 Language : a complete 
 encyclopaedic lexicon, 
 literary, scientific, and 
 technological." 
 
 VII. comma (,) 
 
 I. Separates and de- 
 fines the adjuncts, clauses, 
 and phrases of a sen- 
 tence. It is to be used 
 
 3Q6 
 
PUNCTUATION VII — IX 
 
 punotuation (conf.). 
 only where it unfolds the 
 sense. In case of doubt 
 omit. 
 
 2. Insert after each 
 adjective (except the last) 
 preceding and qualifying 
 a substantive, as *^ he was 
 a cautious, eloquent, in- 
 trepid, and wise man." 
 
 {See also "and** or 
 ♦*, and/* or.) 
 
 3. After the compli- 
 mentary salutation at the 
 beginning of an address, 
 letter, or speech, as My 
 Lord, Dear Sir, Ladies 
 and Gentlemen, 
 
 (In German, the note of 
 exclamation (!) is mostly 
 used in these cases.) 
 
 4. An expression en- 
 closed between two com- 
 mas may usually be re- 
 garded as parenthetical : 
 there would be no break 
 in the continuity, gram- 
 matical connexion, or 
 main sense, if the ex- 
 pression and the two 
 commas were omitted, 
 as **The Government of 
 Britain, called a mixed 
 government and some- 
 times a limited monarchy, 
 is formed by a combina- 
 tion ", etc. (commas equi- 
 valent to parentheses). 
 ** Its effect is produced, 
 not so much by what it 
 expresses, as by what it 
 suggests " (commas not 
 equivalent). 
 
 5. It should precede 
 e.g., i.e., etc., and con- 
 clude the following clause, 
 making the whole a paren- 
 thesis. 
 
 6. It separates each 
 three consecutive figures 
 from the right when five 
 or more, except in math, 
 work, as 10,135,792 (^see 
 also lao of rupees). 
 
 pTinctuation (cont). 
 
 7. It should not precede 
 nor follow the dash. 
 
 8. It should not be used 
 a/ler the number of a 
 house in a street (as 51 
 Fleet Street) ; nor after 
 points following such 
 abbreviations as e.g. (un- 
 less the sense requires it). 
 
 {See also «*and** or 
 ",and.**) 
 
 VIII, comma (single 
 turned) (*) is used in 
 the abbreviation of the 
 Scotch *'Mac": as in 
 M'Gregor, not the apos- 
 trophe (see also quota- 
 tion marks). 
 
 crotchets, see IV. 
 
 IX. dash (the em) ( — ) is 
 used 
 
 1. W^here the con- 
 struction of a sentence is 
 changed or suspended, as 
 ** Heat expands bodies, 
 cold contracts bodies — 
 these are physical truths." 
 '^ And all this long story 
 w^as about — what do you 
 think?" 
 
 2. It separates the 
 heading at the commence- 
 ment of a paragraph, 
 called a side-heading, from 
 the subject-matter follow- 
 ing, as ^^ Extent and 
 Boundaries. — On the 
 north, Warwickshire." 
 
 3. It separates the rep- 
 etitions and different 
 amplifications of the same 
 statement, as " Cannot 
 you, in England — cannot 
 you, at this time of day 
 — cannot you, a House 
 of Commons, trust to the 
 principle which has raised 
 so mighty a revenue ? " 
 
 4. Is sometimes used, 
 as a kind of intensified 
 pair of commas or paren- 
 theses, before and after 
 a parenthetical clause, 
 
 307 
 
 20 
 
PUNCTUATION IX — XV 
 
 punctuation (cottt.). 
 as ''The ass of Buridan 
 — held in suspense be- 
 tween the equal attrac- 
 tions of two bundles 
 of hay — is an immortal 
 illustration", etc. 
 
 5. Is placed after the 
 period which ends a quo- 
 tation, and before the name 
 of its author, as " One 
 touch of nature makes 
 the whole world kin." — 
 Shakespeare. 
 
 6. In dictionaries, etc., 
 to save space, it may 
 represent the catchword, 
 or some other word. 
 
 7. Represents faltering, 
 hesitating speech, and 
 stammering: as "Well 
 — I don't know — that 
 is — no, I cannot accept 
 it", "y— es", "n— o." 
 
 A series of two or 
 three points is preferred 
 by some for this purpose. 
 
 8. It is not to be preceded 
 or followed by a comma. 
 
 (See also VI, 3.) 
 
 X. dash (the two-em) 
 
 1. Is used where a 
 sentence is interrupted, 
 left unfinished, or ends 
 quite unexpectedly, as 
 " We cannot hope to 
 
 succeed, unless But 
 
 we must succeed." 
 
 2. Denotes the omission 
 of a word or part of a 
 word which it is unde- 
 sirable to print in full, as 
 
 *'he called him a ," 
 
 *^ Mr. Niemand said 
 d ." 
 
 (See also XII, XV.) 
 difiBresis, see XV, i. 
 
 XI. doubling of points 
 should be avoided : — 
 
 I. When an abbrevia- 
 tion precedes a colon ; for 
 instance, in the case of viz., 
 i.e., ore.g., omit the colon. 
 
 punctuation (cont.). 
 
 2. A period may be 
 placed before an apos- 
 trophe, as Co.'s (for 
 Company's), not Go's. 
 
 XII. en rule (-) is used to 
 specify a period by con- 
 necting the two terminal 
 dates, as 1900-3, not 
 1900-03. [Use as few 
 figures as suflSce.] (See 
 also IX, XV.) 
 
 XIII. extracts, to be punc- 
 tuated exactly as in the 
 original (see also quota- 
 tions). 
 
 figures (see VII, 6 ; XXI, 
 
 3, 4)- 
 
 XIV. foot-notes, refer- 
 ences to these to be out- 
 st'de the point and double 
 apostrophes, if any, as ''he 
 made a serious error." ' 
 
 fuU stop (see XXI). 
 
 XV. hyphen (-) 
 
 1. When one syllable of 
 a word ends and the next 
 begins with the same let- 
 ter, the hyphen should be 
 placed between them to 
 show that they are to be 
 pronounced separately, 
 as co-operate, pre-emi- 
 nent, re-establish, re- 
 echo, shell-less, sword- 
 dance. Tees-side. With 
 two vowels the hyphen 
 is preferable to the diae- 
 resis. 
 
 2. It joins words and 
 syllables intimately con- 
 nected and open to mis- 
 conception without it, 
 as recover (to regain), 
 re-cover (to cover again), 
 recreation and re-crea- 
 tion, remark and re-mark. 
 
 3. It is used when a 
 prefix is added to a pro- 
 per name, as anti-Dar- 
 winian, pre-Adamite, Pre- 
 Raphaelite. 
 
 4. The use of the hyphen 
 in such phrases as "The 
 
PUNCTUATION XV — XVII 
 
 punctuation (cont). 
 man was well known in 
 the City", "He was a 
 well-known man in the 
 City ", must be decided by 
 the exact shade of mean- 
 ing required. 
 
 5. Always to be in- 
 serted if the word be 
 more easily recognized, 
 or misinterpretation be 
 possible without it, as 
 "a poor-rate collection ", 
 " a poor rate-collection ", 
 "a pickled herring-mer- 
 chant", "a pickled-her- 
 ring merchant ". 
 
 6. Where two or more 
 compound words have a 
 common base, this latter 
 may be represented in 
 all but the last by a hy- 
 phen, as "two-, three-, or 
 fourfold ". 
 
 7. Is used to join words 
 that represent a single 
 idea, as "a never- 
 to-be-forgotten event", 
 " peace-at-any-price prin- 
 ciples", "a well-to-do 
 family ". 
 
 8. Is used to separate 
 an unpleasing collocation 
 of consonants, as Ross- 
 shire. 
 
 9. (typ.) One should not 
 end last line of page, or 
 last line but one of para- 
 graph, if avoidable. Hy- 
 phens should not occur 
 at the ends of three con- 
 secutive lines. 
 
 (See also oompass, 
 division of words, and 
 IX, X, XII). 
 
 XVI. italic (typ.), punctua- 
 tion marks at end of 
 italicized words to be in 
 roman unless evidently 
 belonging to the italics. 
 
 XVII. note of admira- 
 tion, or exclamation (!) 
 
 I. Is put after ex- 
 clamatory words and 
 
 punctuation (cont). 
 phrases, as "O Jealousy, 
 thou magnifier of all 
 things I " interjections ; 
 words or sentences ex- 
 pressing absurdity, com- 
 mand, contempt, strong 
 emotion, enthusiasm, 
 
 irony, a request, sorrow, 
 surprise, a wish, wonder ; 
 and any impressive or 
 striking thought, as "The 
 Angel of Death is abroad 
 in the land : you may 
 almost hear the beating 
 of his wings ! " 
 
 2. It should be placed 
 at the end of the ex- 
 clamatory word or phrase, 
 whether this be at the 
 beginning, middle, or end 
 of the sentence, as " O 
 Dido, Dido, most un- 
 happy Dido ! Unhappy 
 wife, still more unhappy 
 widow ! " 
 
 3. It is placed after 
 sentences which, though 
 apparently interrogative 
 in form, are really exclam- 
 atory, as "How could he 
 have been so foolish I ", 
 " Does Britannia rule the 
 waves!", "Shall we never 
 end this lamentable state 
 of things ! " 
 
 4. When a sentence 
 contains more than one 
 independent exclamation, 
 it should be placed after 
 each, as "Look, my 
 Lord ! it comes ! Angels 
 and ministers of grace, 
 defend us ! " 
 
 5. It is added to the 
 names of plants, shrubs, 
 etc., in botanical works 
 to show that they are 
 known from personal 
 observation. 
 
 6. It should follow and 
 not precede quotation 
 marks, when it is not 
 included in the sense of 
 
 309 
 
PUNCTUATION XVII — XIX 
 
 punctuation {cont). 
 the quotation, as — What 
 ^vretched ** copy" ! 
 
 7. It may be placed 
 after the interjection O, 
 or Oh, but not after the 
 vocative O. 
 
 8. In mathematics it is 
 the factorial sign, as n ! 
 
 9. To indicate greater 
 intensity, double, and even 
 treble, notes may be used. 
 
 10. [!] in brackets, 
 suggests amusement, dis- 
 sent, surprise, or wonder, 
 at the author's views. It 
 is sometimes used to de- 
 note rarity. 
 
 11. It should not be 
 followed by any other 
 point, except quotation 
 marks. 
 
 12. In Spanish it is 
 also put (inverted) before 
 an exclamation, as **i Ah, 
 que desgracia ! " 
 
 XVIII. note of interro- 
 gation (?) 
 
 1. Should follow each 
 and every separate ques- 
 tion, however short, if a 
 separate answer to each 
 be required, as " What is 
 civilization ? Where is it ? 
 In what does it consist ? 
 By what is it excluded ? 
 Where does it commence? 
 Where does it end ? By 
 what sign is it known ? 
 How is it defined? In 
 short.whatdoesitmean?" 
 
 2. if the separate ques- 
 tions need but a single 
 answer, it is placed at 
 the end only. 
 
 3. The next word should 
 generally begin with a 
 capital letter. 
 
 4. It is not used where 
 no answer is required ; 
 when the question is 
 indirect ; where the 
 sentence begins with 
 *' Query " ; or when it is 
 
 310 
 
 punctuation {cant.). 
 only said that a question 
 was asked, as "The judge 
 then asked the witness if 
 he believed the man to 
 be guilty." 
 
 5. With quotation marks 
 it must beplaced according 
 to the sense, as "Recall- 
 ed out 'Why?'", "Why 
 did he say * I do not 
 know ' ? " 
 
 6. [?] in brackets, 
 added to a quotation by 
 editors, expresses doubt 
 or irony. 
 
 7. It should not be fol- 
 lowed by any other point, 
 except quotation marks. 
 
 8. It may be repeated 
 for emphasis, as ?? 
 
 9. In Spanish it is also 
 put (inverted) before a 
 question, as"iPorqu6?" 
 
 10. In Greek the semi- 
 colon is put after questions. 
 
 XIX. open or easy punc- 
 tuation, that which 
 avoids all pointing not 
 clearly required by the 
 construction : that now 
 prevailing in the best 
 English usage, as 
 
 "On the whole, while 
 Pope's * Essay on Criti- 
 cism ' may be readily al- 
 lowed to be superior in 
 execution, as it certainly 
 is in compass, to any 
 work of a similar nature 
 in English poetry, it can 
 hardly be said either to 
 redeem the class of didac- 
 tic poems on aesthetics 
 from the neglect into 
 which they have fallen, 
 or to make us regret that 
 the critical ability of our 
 own day should prefer to 
 follow the path marked 
 out by Dryden when he 
 chose to discourse of 
 poetry in his own vigor- 
 ous and flexible prose." 
 
PUNCTUATION XX — XXI 
 
 punctuation (cont). 
 XX.parentheses,() (typ.), 
 enclose 
 
 1. An authority, def- 
 inition, explanation (as 
 in the drama), reference, 
 or translation. 
 
 2. In the report of a 
 speech such interruptions 
 by the audience as ap- 
 plause, exclamations, 
 laughter, remarks, etc. 
 
 3. Interpolations and 
 remarks made by the 
 writer of the text himself 
 (see also brackets IV). 
 
 4. Reference letters or 
 figures that divide and 
 classify statements or 
 arguments, as (i), (a). 
 
 5. In bibliographic ref- 
 erences, place of publica- 
 tion and name of publisher. 
 
 6. In foot-notes, the 
 authority for a quotation. 
 
 7. No stop is needed 
 before or after a mere 
 statement in parentheses 
 which might be omitted 
 without alteringthe mean- 
 ing of the sentence. 
 
 8. When only part of 
 a sentence is within the 
 parentheses, the point to 
 be outside, as (). ; but 
 when the full sentence is 
 parenthetical it should be 
 inside ( .). 
 
 9. When the matter in 
 parentheses ends with an 
 abbreviation, put a point 
 after the abbreviated 
 word, and also outside 
 the closing parenthesis, 
 as (1331 B.C.). 
 
 10. Where [] and () 
 both occur see IV, 5. 
 
 XXI. period, full point, 
 or full stop ( . ) is used 
 I. At the end of a 
 complete sentence which 
 does not close with a note 
 of exclamation or of inter- 
 rogation. 
 
 punctuation (cont.). 
 
 2. After abbreviations 
 of English or foreign 
 words or phrases, initials, 
 numbering of paragraphs 
 when not in parentheses, 
 reman numerals (except 
 when these refer to page 
 numbers, are capitals, or 
 another stop follows), and 
 abbreviated signatures. 
 
 3. Between figures of 
 pounds, shillings, and 
 pence, as ;^ii. 12s. 6d. : 
 otherwise errors may 
 arise if close-spaced, as 
 ;i^iii2s. 6d. It would be 
 much better in every way 
 to follow the former Eng. 
 custom and to place 
 the £ after the figures, as 
 they are read, and as they 
 are written in other lan- 
 guages, or with other 
 measurements, as 5 fr. 
 50 c, I ton 2 cwt., 
 11;^ r2s 6d, when no 
 mistakes could arise, and 
 no points would be needed 
 (see also lac). 
 
 4. Between figures re- 
 presenting hours and min- 
 utes; before the dash in 
 side-headings (see IX, 2) ; 
 and turned before deci- 
 mal figures. 
 
 5. If meaning equally 
 clear it may be omitted 
 from all half-titles, head- 
 lines, running titles, sub- 
 headings, title pages (but 
 see VI, 5). 
 
 6. Three periods (not 
 asterisks) separated by em 
 quads (en in narrow mea- 
 sures) are suflScient to 
 mark omissions in all 
 cases. When the pre- 
 ceding sentence has been 
 brought to a close, four 
 should be used; the first 
 to be close up. 
 
 (See also abbrevia- 
 tions, quotations.) 
 
 3it 
 
PUNCTUATION XXII — PYX 
 
 punctuation {cont). 
 XXII. semicolon ( ; ) 
 
 1. Separates those parts 
 of a sentence between 
 which there is a more 
 distinct break than after 
 a comma, but which are 
 too intimately connected 
 to be made separate 
 sentences, as " Divide 
 and command, a wise 
 maxim ; unite and guide, 
 a better." — Goethe {see 
 also VI, i). 
 
 2. In Greek the semi- 
 colon is equivalent to the 
 English note of interroga- 
 tion (?). 
 
 punctus (Lat.), a point ; //. 
 
 same, 
 pundit/* (Ang.-Ind.), a 
 learned Brahmin, not 
 pan- ; /em. -a. 
 Punjab, India, not -aub, 
 Panjab, Penjab. 
 
 Punjabi, Punjab inhabit- 
 ant, or dialect, not -bee. 
 
 punkah (Ang.-Ind.), a 
 large fan, not -a. 
 
 Punkt ;,Ger. typ. m.), point, 
 dot, a full stop (cap.) ; 
 punktIeren,to point.dot, 
 or punctuate; Pttnkiie- 
 rung (f.), punctuation. 
 
 punteggiatura (It.), punc- 
 tuation. 
 
 panto e virgola (It.), semi- 
 colon. 
 
 pup/a (entom.), pi. -89. 
 
 pupilage. 
 
 -pur (Ind.), a city, as Nag- 
 pur, not -pore, -poor, 
 -poore. 
 
 Purcell (Henry), 1658- 
 95, composer. 
 
 Purchas (Samuel), 1577- 
 1626, writer. 
 
 purchasable, not -cable. 
 
 purie] {Fr. f.), a thick soup ; 
 — de pots, pea soup. 
 
 pur et simple (Fr.), un- 
 qualified. 
 
 purgatory (not cap."). 
 
 Puritan/, -ism (cap.). 
 
 31S 
 
 Purkinje (J. E.), 1787- 
 1869, physiologist, not -je. 
 Purleigh, Essex. 
 Purley, Berks, Surrey, 
 purlieu/, the surroundings 
 
 of a place ; pi. -s. 
 purpose/, -ful, -less, -ly. 
 pujTP, as a cat, not pur. 
 purslane (bot.), not -lain. 
 P.U.S., Pharmacopoeia of 
 
 the United States. 
 Puseyite. 
 Pushto, Afghan language, 
 
 not -00, -u, pukhtu. 
 put down (typ.), to alter 
 from caps, to lower-case. 
 Putnam's (G. P.) Sons, 
 publishers. New York and 
 London (apos.). 
 putrefy, not -ify. 
 putrescible, liable to pu- 
 trefy. 
 putt (golf), to play with a 
 
 putter, not put. 
 put up (typ.), to alter from 
 
 lower-case to caps. 
 Puy-de-Ddme, dep. Fr. 
 
 (hyphens, two caps.). 
 p.V., post village, priest 
 
 vicar. 
 P.V.O., Principal Veterin- 
 ary Officer. 
 p.v.t (Fr.), par vote tele- 
 graphique (by telegraph). 
 P. W.D., Public Works De- 
 partment, 
 pwi;., pennyweight, use 
 
 dwt. 
 P.X., please exchange. 
 pyaemia, etc., not pye-, 
 Py© (typ.)> «5<?pie. 
 pyebald, use pie-, 
 pygmy, a dwarf, not pi-. 
 pyjamas, not the many 
 
 variations. 
 pyramid, a billiard game, 
 
 not -ids. 
 Pyr6n6es/ (Basses-) ; 
 
 Hautes ; — Orien- 
 
 tales, deps. France. 
 P3rrotech.,pyrotechnics,-al, 
 P^tchley Hunt (the); 
 
 proH. plch'16. 
 Pyx (trial of the), notVin, 
 
P NOTES 
 
 313 
 
P NOTES 
 
 3»4 
 
Q. — QU AIM'S 
 
 Q 
 
 Q., quart, queen, question, 
 the sixteenth in a series, 
 all proper names with this 
 initial. 
 
 Q (chess), queen (no point). 
 
 q., query, .quintal, quire, 
 
 ' -s, (naut.) squalls. 
 
 q. (Lat.), quxre (inquire). 
 
 Q.A.B., Queen Anne's 
 Bounty. 
 
 Qaisar-i-Hind (Ang.- 
 Ind.)(the Caesar of India), 
 Indian title of English 
 monarch. 
 
 Q.B.*, Queen's Bench. 
 
 Q.C., Queen's, or Queens', 
 College, — Counsel. 
 
 q.d.*, quasi dicat (as if one 
 should say), quasi dictum 
 (as if said). 
 
 g.e.*, quod est (which is) ; 
 Q.E.D.*, quod erat de- 
 monstrandum (which was 
 to be demonstrated) ; 
 
 Q.E.F.*, faciendum 
 
 (ditto done) ; Q.E.I.*, — 
 — inveniendum, (ditto 
 found out). 
 
 Q.H.P., Queen's Honorary 
 Physician. 
 
 q. I. *, quantum libet (as much 
 as you please). 
 
 Q.M.*,Quartermaster;qm., 
 ^Momofl^o (by what means) ; 
 Q.Mess., Queen's Mes- 
 senger ; Q.M.G.*, Quar- 
 termaster - General ; 
 Q.M.S., Quartermaster- 
 Serjeant. 
 
 q.pl.*, quantum placet (as 
 much as seems good). 
 
 qq. v., quss vide (which see : 
 refers to plural). 
 
 qr., quarter, -s (28 lb.), 
 quire, -s. 
 
 Q.S., quarter-sessions. 
 
 gf.s.*, quantum sufficit (a suf- 
 ficient quantity). 
 
 qt.*, quantity, quart, -s. 
 
 qu., question. 
 
 qua (Lat.), in the character 
 of, not -a, -a. 
 
 Quaade, a chess opening. 
 
 quad * (colloq.), quad- 
 rangle ; (typ.) a quadrat, 
 to insert quadrats ; 
 quadded, quadding ; 
 abbr. of quadruple, a 
 printing paper four times 
 the size of the name fol- 
 lowing, as quad crown 
 40 X30 in. (no point). 
 
 quad., quadrant. 
 
 Quadragesinia*,firstSun- 
 day in Lent. 
 
 quadrat* (typ.), a piece of 
 metal lower than type, 
 used for spacing; usual 
 sizes en, em, 2, 3, and 
 4 ems ; abbr. quad (no 
 point). 
 
 quadrenn/ium*, a period 
 of four years ; -ial*, not 
 quadrie-. 
 
 quadruple (paper), abbr. 
 quad (no point) which 
 see. 
 
 quaere* (Lat.), inquire ; 
 abbr. q, 
 
 quasritur (Lat.), it is asked. 
 
 quaesitlum* (Lat.), some- 
 thing sought ; pi. -a*. 
 
 quasstlol vexatja (Lat.), 
 an unsolved problem, pi. 
 -nes -«. 
 
 qusBStor *, Rom. antiq. 
 {see a/50 que-). 
 
 quae vide {Lat.), which see : 
 refers to pi. ; abbr. qq. v. 
 
 qua! (Fr. m.), quay, rail- 
 way platform. 
 
 quaich*, Scots drinking 
 vessel, not -gh. 
 
 Quai d*Orsay, Paris, the 
 Fr. " Downing Street." 
 
 Quains, Norw. for Finns. 
 
 315 
 
QUALE — QUEEN'S 
 
 quale* (Lat.), the quality 
 of a thing. 
 
 quamlprlmam(L&t.),with' 
 out delay; — proxime, 
 as nearly as possible. 
 
 quand meme (Fr.), not- 
 withstanding. 
 
 quantiti nSgllgeable 
 (Fr. f.), insignificant item. 
 
 quantity, abbr. qt.* 
 
 quantlum* (Lat.), a con- 
 crete quantity, pi. -a*; 
 quanta ml llbeU as much 
 as you please, abbr. q.l.*; 
 — meni/^, as much as he, 
 or she, deserved ; — p/a- 
 cet, as much as seems 
 good, abbr. q.pL * ; — suf- 
 flcit*, as much as suflBces, 
 abbr. q.s,, or quant 
 SUff. * ; — valeat, what- 
 ever it may be worth ; — 
 valebat, as much as it was 
 worth ; — vis, as much 
 as you will, abbr. q.v.* 
 
 Qu*AppeUe (Bp. of). 
 
 quarl*, a large brick, not 
 -le. 
 
 quarrel/ ♦, -led *, -ler * 
 («o/-lor),-ling*, -some*. 
 
 quart/, -s, abbr. Q., or qt.* 
 
 quart/, -e (fencing), use 
 carte*. 
 
 quart., quarterly. 
 
 Quart (Ger. n.), quarto 
 (cap.). 
 
 quarter/, -s, abbr. qr.* 
 
 quarter-binding*, the 
 back only of leather. 
 
 quarter/ -day *, deck* 
 
 (hyphens). 
 
 Quartermaster/ * (one 
 word), abbr. Q.M.* ; — 
 -General*, abbr. 
 
 Q.M.G.* ; Seijeant, 
 
 abbr. Q.M.S. (hyphen, 
 caps.). 
 
 quarter-plate* (photog.), 
 
 4'/4 X 3V4 in. 
 quarter - sessions* (not 
 
 caps., hyphen); abbr.Q.S. 
 quartet*, not -ette, -etto. 
 quartierj (Fr. cook, m.), 
 
 quarter ; — d'agneau, — 
 
 of Iamb ; (mil.) quarHer- 
 gin&ral, head-quarters. 
 
 quarto/*, a size of book in 
 which the leaf is one- 
 fourth of a given size of 
 paper ; pi. -s, abbr. 4to 
 (no point) (for sizes see 
 books, paper). 
 
 quas (Russ.), rye beer, 
 use kvass*. 
 
 quasi*, in a certain sense 
 (not ital.) ; abbr. <jr,* 
 
 quasi] dicat (Lat.), as if 
 one should say, abbr. 
 q.d,* ; — dictum, as if 
 said, abbr. q.d,*; — dix- 
 isset, as if he had said. 
 
 Quasimodo, first Sunday 
 after Easter (one word, 
 cap.). 
 
 quass (Russ.), rye beer, 
 use Icvass*. 
 
 quater- cousin, use ca- 
 ter-*. 
 
 Quatre-Bras (battle of), 
 1815. 
 
 quatrefoil*, an ornament, 
 not quater-, quarter-. 
 
 Quattrocento *, the early 
 Renaissance period of art, 
 from 140 1 -1500. 
 
 quay *, not key. 
 
 Que., Quebec. 
 
 queen, abbr. Q. ; (chess, no 
 point). 
 
 Queen Anne's Bounty* 
 (apos.) ; abbr. Q.A.B. 
 
 Queenborough, Sheer- 
 ness {see also Queens-). 
 
 queen note, a writing 
 
 paper 5^8 X3V2 in- 
 Queensberry (Marquess 
 
 of). 
 Queensborough, Drog- 
 
 heda {see also Queenb-). 
 Queensbury, Bradford. 
 Queen's College, Oxford, 
 
 London, Belfast, Cork, 
 
 Galway (named after one 
 
 queen). 
 Queens* College, Camb. 
 
 (named after two queens). 
 Queen's Counsel, abbr. 
 
 Q.C.* 
 
 316 
 
QUEEN'S — QUI 
 
 Queen's County, Ireland. 
 
 Queen's Ferry, Flint. 
 
 Queensferry, Fife, Lin- 
 lithgow. 
 
 Queensl., Queensland. 
 
 Que faire? (Fr.), What is 
 to be done ? 
 
 Quelle affaire! (Fr. f.), 
 What a to-do ! 
 
 quelque chose (Fr. m.), 
 something, a trifle. 
 
 Quel temps] faU'U? (Fr.), 
 What is the weather like? 
 ilfait! What wea- 
 ther this is ! 
 
 quenelle* (Fr. cook, f.), 
 a force-meat ball. 
 
 " Quen tin Durward ", by 
 Sir W. Scott, 1823. 
 
 query*, abbr. q., qy.*, or ? 
 
 Quesnay (Fran9ois), 
 1 694- 1 7 74, Fr. econ. 
 
 question, abbr. Q., or qu. 
 
 questor*, R.C.C., or Fr. 
 Assembly {see also qu8B-). 
 
 Quetelet (L. A. J.), 1796- 
 1874, Belgian math. 
 
 Quetta, Baluchistan. 
 
 queue*, persons in line, 
 not cue. 
 
 queue! * (Fr. f.), tail ; — de 
 boeuf, ox-tail ; faire — , 
 to stand in a row. 
 
 Q.U.I., Queen's University 
 of Ireland. 
 
 quick/lime*, -sand*, 
 -s-^t*, -silver* (one 
 word). 
 
 quid* (Lat.), that which a 
 thing is. 
 
 quidatn *, an unknown per- 
 son, pi. same ; quid faci- 
 endum? what is to be 
 done? quidnunc*, a 
 gossip ; quid pro quo*, 
 something in return, an 
 equivalent. 
 
 ^QuiSnsabe? (Sp.),Who 
 knows? (turned interrog. 
 before, unturned after.) 
 
 quiet/*, -ed*, -ing*, not 
 -ening. 
 
 quietus *, a settlement (not 
 ital.). 
 
 Quiller-Couch(SirA.T.), 
 1863-, writer (hyphen). 
 
 Qu*importe ? (Fr.), What 
 does it matter? Que 
 m*importe? What is 
 that to me ? 
 
 quincentenary*, five- 
 hundredth anniversary 
 (one word). 
 
 quincunx/ *, five arranged 
 as on dice ; pi. -es. 
 
 Quinet (Edgar), 1803-75, 
 Fr. writer. 
 
 quinine*, not -in, pron. 
 kwin''gn. 
 
 Quinquagesima*, the 
 Sunday before Lent. 
 
 quinquenni/um*, a five- 
 j'ear period ; pi. -a*. 
 
 quinsy*, tonsillitis, not -cy, 
 -sey, -zy. 
 
 quintjal* (Fr.m.), too kilos, 
 220^/a lb., 1*968 cwt., not 
 kentle, kintal ; pi. -aux, 
 abbr. q. 
 
 quintet* (mus.), not -ette. 
 
 gi//p/iogi/o;;Fr.m.),mistake. 
 
 gi/ipil* (Peru), the language 
 of knotted cords, not -po, 
 -ppo, -ppu. 
 
 quire*, part of a church, 
 or church singers, use 
 choir* ; — (typ.), the 
 twentieth part of a ream : 
 24 sheets and one ''out- 
 side" making 25 ; abbr. 
 s. and pi. q. A set of 
 all the sheets required to 
 make one complete book ; 
 quired paper, reams 
 folded in quires, not flat ; 
 quires (typ.), books in 
 sheets are said to be "in 
 quires." 
 
 Qui s*excuse s*accuse 
 (Fr.), to excuse oneself 
 is to accuse oneself. . 
 
 quisque (Lat.), every one. 
 
 quit/*, -ted, -ter* {not 
 -tor), -ting*. 
 
 Qui va Ik? (Fr.), Who 
 goes there ? 
 
 qui vive* (on the), on 
 the alert (not ital.). 
 
 317 
 
QUIXOTIC — QY. 
 
 quixotic* (not cap.). 
 
 quiz/*, -zed, -zer*, 
 -zing*. 
 
 quoad I *{Lat.), as far as ; — 
 hoc*, to this extent; — 
 sacra*, as far as sacred 
 matters ; — ultra, as re- 
 gards the past. 
 
 quod erai detnoastran- 
 dum, etc., see Q.E.D. 
 
 quod est (Lat.), which is ; 
 abbr. q.e. 
 
 quodlibet*{mus.),!imed\ey. 
 
 quod vide (Lat.), which 
 see (sing.) ; abbr. q.v. 
 
 quoique (Fr.), although. 
 
 quoi que (Fr.), whatever. 
 
 quoits*, a game, not coits. 
 
 quomodo* (Lat.), by what 
 means ; abbr. qin. 
 
 quondam*, formerly (not 
 ital.). 
 
 quorum/*,/*/, -b (not ital.). 
 
 quota/ *, a share ; pi. -s. 
 
 quotation marks (typ.), 
 in English, two turned 
 commas at the beginning 
 and two apostrophes at 
 the end ; abbr. quotes. 
 The apostrophes at the 
 end of the quotation 
 should come before all 
 punctuation marks, when 
 these form no part of the 
 quotation itself. Quotes 
 are to be used when citing 
 Titles of Articles in 
 magazines, Books, Chap- 
 ters of books. Essays, 
 Magazines, Newspapers, 
 Oratorios, Periodicals, 
 Pictures, Plays, Poems, 
 Reviews, Sculptures, 
 
 Songs, and Ships ; and for 
 theiVaw^s of Hotels, Inns, 
 and Taverns, where these 
 words are not in the 
 title. 
 
 They are not to be 
 used for the titles of the 
 books of the Bible ; where 
 the substance only of an 
 extract is given; or where 
 the tense or person has 
 
 been altered (see also 
 authorities, punctua- 
 tion, XIV). 
 
 quotations, all extracts in 
 the exact words of the 
 original, if set in the text 
 type, to have double 
 turned commas at the 
 commencement, and at the 
 beginning of each para- 
 graph {not each line) ; 
 and double apostrophes 
 at the end of the quota- 
 tion only. The first turned 
 commas usually to be pre- 
 ceded by a colon. 
 
 If the extract be set 
 in two sizes less than the 
 text type (it should not 
 be smaller), quotation 
 marks are not required, 
 except in conversational 
 matter. A full blank line 
 both before and after adds 
 importance and em- 
 phasis. 
 
 Punctuation of the ex- 
 tract to be exactly as in 
 the original. The con- 
 cluding point to be out- 
 side the last quotation 
 mark if not in the original 
 {see also ellipsis). 
 
 quotations within quo- 
 tations to have single 
 quotation marks only with- 
 in the double. " The more 
 conspicuous mark to the 
 more inclusive quotation" 
 (Henry Bradley). Quota- 
 tions within the single 
 quotation, to be double- 
 quoted. 
 
 quote (typ.), to enclose 
 within quotation marks. 
 
 quotes (typ.), quotation 
 marks. 
 
 quousque{Lat.), how long ? 
 
 Quran, use Koran*. 
 
 q.v., quantum vis (as much 
 as you will), quod vide 
 (which see : refers to 
 sing.). 
 
 qy.*, query. 
 
 318 
 
Q NOTES 
 
 3*9 
 
Q NOTES 
 
 320 
 
B. — BAFBAf CHISBEMSKTS 
 
 B 
 
 R., Rabbi, Radical, radius 
 (of a circle), railway, 
 recto, rector, republican, 
 river, rouble, Royal, all 
 proper names with this 
 initial, the seventeenth in 
 a series, (Lat.) regtna 
 (queen), respublica (com- 
 monwealth), rex (king), 
 (naut.) run (deserted), 
 (theat.) right (from actors 
 point of view),(thermom.) 
 Reaumur, (typ.) runic. 
 
 E. (chess), rook (no point). 
 
 r., rare, residence, resides, 
 rises, rod, (naut.) rain. 
 
 r (math.), radius vector of 
 co-ordinates. 
 
 3^ (magnet.), reluctance. 
 
 p (Gr.) (math.), radius of cur- 
 vature. 
 
 ■R", rupee (no point). 
 
 Bi, recipe (take). 
 
 ]^ *, response (to a versicle). 
 
 E,° (math.), radius of a circle 
 in degrees of arc ; B.', ditto 
 in minutes of arc ; E,", 
 ditto in seconds of arc. 
 
 R.A., Rear-Admiral, Ref- 
 erees' Association, Royal 
 Academy, — -ician, — 
 Artillery, (astr.) right as- 
 cension. 
 
 B.A.A., Royal Academy 
 of Arts. 
 
 rabat (Fr. dress, m.), 
 "bands" of a priest, etc. 
 
 B.abb., rabbinical. 
 
 rabbet/*, joint in wood- 
 work ; -ed*, -ing* {see 
 also rabbit, rebate). 
 
 Rabbi/*, Jewish title of 
 respect ; pi. -s *, abbr. R. 
 (cap.). 
 
 rabbit/*, a rodent ; -er*, 
 -ing * ; warren (hy- 
 phen) {see also rabbet, 
 rebate). 
 
 rabdomanoy, use rhab-*. 
 
 Rabelais (Pran9ois), 
 1483-1553, Fr. writer. 
 
 rabscallion, use rap-*. 
 
 R.A.C., Royal Agricultural 
 College. 
 
 raccoon, use racoon*. 
 
 Tacje*, -y*. 
 
 race/- course*, — horse* 
 (hyphens). 
 
 rach/is* (bot., zool.), pL 
 -ides *, not rh-. 
 
 rack, a seaweed, use WT- *. 
 
 racket/*, «o/ racquet ; -y *. 
 
 raconteur* (not ital.). 
 
 racoon*, mo/ race-. 
 
 racquet, use racket*. 
 
 rad., radix (root). 
 
 Radcliffe (Ann), 1764- 
 1823, writer ; — (John), 
 1650-17 14, physician ; — 
 College, Mass., U.S.A. ; 
 — Camera, Injarmary, 
 Library, and Observ- 
 atory, Oxford ; — Cooke 
 (C.W.), M.P., writer 
 {see also Rat-). 
 
 radian/*, unit of angular 
 measurement; pi. -s. 
 
 radiator*, not -er. 
 
 Radical, abbr. R. 
 
 radical* (chem.), not -cle. 
 
 radicle * (botany). 
 
 radiography *, rontgen- 
 ray photography. 
 
 rad/ius*, abbr.R., pi. -ii*. 
 
 rad/ius vect/or, pi. -ii, 
 -ores. 
 
 rad/ix*, a root,/*/, -ices*; 
 abbr, rad. 
 
 Rae( John), 1813-93, Arctic 
 traveller;— ("W.Fraser), 
 1835-1905, writer ; pron. 
 ray {see also Ray, Reay). 
 
 Raebum (Sir Henry), 
 1756-1823, painter. 
 
 Rafleisen Credit Banks. 
 
 rafraicblssements (Fr. 
 m. pi.), cooling drinks, 
 fruit, etc. 
 
 3ax 
 
 21 
 
BAG — B.A.O.B. 
 
 rag/*, -ged* -ging*. 
 E.A.a.C., Royal and An- 
 
 tient Golf Club, St. 
 
 Andrews, 
 ragout *, a rich meat stew; 
 
 in Fr. m. 'tit. 
 Bai Bareli, Oudh, not 
 
 Ray Bareilly. 
 raie (Fr. f.), skate (fish). 
 raifort (Fr. m.), horse- 
 
 radish. 
 Baikes (Bobert), 1735- 
 
 i8i I, originator of Sunday 
 
 schools, 
 rail/road*, -way* (one 
 
 word) ; abbr. B. 
 rain/*, abbr. r. ; -bow* 
 
 (one word). 
 Baineliffe (Viscount), 
 rain/drop*, -fall* (one 
 
 word); -water* (hy- 
 phen). 
 raison] de plus (Fr.), 
 
 all ^the more reason ; — 
 
 d*Etatf a reason of State ; 
 
 — <Petre*, a cause of 
 
 existence. 
 raisoanjS* (Tr.),fem. -ie, 
 
 reasoned out ; cata" 
 
 logtte — *, explanatory 
 
 catalogue (ital.). 
 Bajah.*, Indian title, more 
 
 corr*rf/y Baja*. 
 Bajon (P. A.), 1842-88, 
 
 etcher. 
 Bajpoot/*, -ana, not -put. 
 Bajshahi, Bengal, not 
 
 Rajeshaye. 
 r^e/*, lung sound ; pi. -s. 
 Balegh (Sir Walter), 
 
 1552-1618 ; -eigh tisual 
 
 buterron. (D.N.B.). 
 Baleigh (Cecil), dram- 
 atist ;~ (Prof. Walter), 
 
 writer ; pron. raw'lie, or 
 
 ral'6 {see also Bayleigh). 
 Balfs (John), 1807-90, 
 
 botanist. 
 Balphy usual pron. raf; in 
 
 Amer. ralf. 
 B.A.M., Royal Academy 
 
 of Music (London). 
 ram/*, -med*, -ming*. 
 Bamadan* (Fast of), 
 
 also ninth Mohammedan 
 month, not -dhan, -zan. 
 Bambouillet, dep. Seine- 
 
 et-Oise. 
 B.A.M.C., Royal Army 
 
 Medical Corps. 
 ramcbuddar, Ind. shawl. 
 rame (Fr. typ. f.), ream, 
 ramekin*, a cheese-cake, 
 
 not -quin. 
 ramier (Fr. m.), wood- 
 pigeon. 
 Bamillies (battle of), 
 
 1706. 
 Bampur, Central India. 
 Bamsay (Allan), 1686- 
 1758, Scots poet ; ditto, 
 1713-84, painter; — 
 (E. B., Dean), 1793- 
 1872 ; — (Sir William), 
 1852-, chemist. 
 Bamsey,Hunts,andI.O.M. 
 ram/us * (Lat.), a branch ; 
 
 pi. -i*. 
 ranch* (U.S.A.), a farm, 
 
 not -che. 
 rancberjo* (Sp.), /em. -a, 
 
 a small farmer, 
 ran/cour, but -corous. 
 Randj (Ger. typ. m.), the 
 margin ; — bemerkung 
 (f.), marginal note (cap.). 
 Bandolph-Macon Col- 
 lege, Virginia. 
 Randvermerk (Ger. m.), 
 marginal note, also Mar' 
 ginalie. 
 ranee*, Indian queen, not 
 
 -i, -y, -ny, rannee. 
 Bangoon, not -un. 
 Banjit Singh, 1780-1839, 
 founder of Sikh kingdom. 
 Banjitsinhji (Kumar 
 
 Shri), 187a-, cricketer. 
 Banke (L. von), 1795- 
 
 1886, Ger. historian, 
 ranks, see compound 
 
 ranks, 
 rann/ee, -y, use ranee*, 
 ranunculus/*, pi. -es*. 
 raaZ'deS'Vacbes*, Swiss 
 
 melody. 
 B.A.O.B., Royal Ante- 
 diluvian Orderof Buffaloes. 
 
RAP — RE- 
 
 rap/*, -ped*, -ping*. 
 
 Raphael/*, 1483- 1520, 
 painter ; in Italian 
 RafTaello*; -esque*. 
 
 raph/ides* (bot., zool.), 
 
 sing. -is*. 
 Rappahannock, river, 
 
 Virginia. 
 rappee*, a coarse snufif. 
 rapport (en)* (Fr. m.), in 
 
 harmony, in keeping 
 
 (with). 
 ' rapprochement* (Fr. m.), 
 
 a coming together, 
 rapscallion*, not rab-. 
 rarla avjis (Lat.), a 
 
 prodigy ; pi. -as -es, 
 rare, abbr. r. 
 rarefaction*, not -efica- 
 
 tion. 
 rarefy*, not rari-. 
 Rarey (John S.), 1828- 
 
 66, horse-tamer. 
 rarifaction, use rare- *. 
 rarity, use rare-*, 
 rarity*, not -ety. 
 R.A.S., Royal Agricultural, 
 
 Asiatic, or Astronomical 
 
 Society. 
 Rasalas (astr.), star in 
 
 Leonis. 
 rase, to destroy, «5^raze*. 
 RasoiunowskyQuartets 
 
 (the), by Beethoven. 
 "RasselaV* by S. John- 
 son, 1759. 
 rat/*, -ting*. 
 rata (Lat. ) , individual share ; 
 
 pro — , in proportion, 
 rat/able, use -eable *. 
 ratafia*, a cordial, cake, 
 
 or cherry, not -ifia, -ifie, 
 ratan, use rattan*, 
 ratany (bot.), use rh.'*. 
 Ratcliff Highway, not 
 
 -e, now St. George Street 
 
 {see also Rad-). 
 rateable*, «o/ ratable. 
 rate-payer* (hyphen). 
 Ratbaus (Ger. n.), town- 
 hall (cap., one h), 
 ratio *, pi. -s. 
 rationale*, a theoretical 
 
 explanation (not ital.). 
 
 rationalize*, wo/-ise. 
 
 ratline* (naut.), the lad- 
 der-rope on the shrouds, 
 not -in, -ing. 
 
 rattan*, a cane, not ratan. 
 
 ratten*, to molest. 
 
 rattlesnake * (one word). 
 
 Raumer (F. L. G. von), 
 1781-1873, Ger. historian ; 
 — (R. von), 1815-76, 
 philologist {see also 
 Reaumur). 
 
 ravel/*, -led*, -ling*. 
 
 Rawal Pindi, Punjab, 
 not Rawul — . 
 
 Ray (John), 1627-1705, 
 naturalist, spelt Wray till 
 1670(5^^ a/50 Rae,Reay). 
 
 Rayleigh (Baron), 1842-, 
 physicist ; pron. ray'16 
 {see also Raleigh). 
 
 I *, to destroy, not rase. 
 
 rubidium ; R.B.A., 
 
 Royal (Society of) British 
 Artists. 
 
 R.C.*, Roman Catholic; 
 r.-C. , right centre; 
 R.C.C., Roman Catholic 
 Church ; R.C.M., Royal 
 College of Music (Lon- 
 don) ; R.C.Q., ditto Or- 
 ganists ; R.C.P., ditto 
 Physicians, ditto Precep- 
 tors ; R.C.S., ditto Sur- 
 geons ; R.C.V.S., ditto 
 Veterinary Surgeons. 
 
 R.D., Royal Dragoons, 
 Rural Dean ; Rd., road ; 
 R.D.S., Royal Dublin 
 Society. 
 
 R.D.Y., Royal Dockyard. 
 
 Re (//) (It.), the King (no 
 accent). 
 
 R.!B., Reformed Episcopal, 
 Right Excellent, Royal 
 Engineers, — Exchange, 
 — Society of Painter- 
 Etchers and Engravers ; 
 re (Lat.), with regard to. 
 
 re- (the prefix), when fol- 
 lowed by e and separately 
 sounded to have hyphen, 
 as re-echo. 
 333 21 • 
 
EEACT — KECIiUS 
 
 react*, etc. (one word). 
 
 Bead (Sir W. V.), 1839- 
 {see also Keade, Rede, 
 Heed, Reid). 
 
 readdre8S* (one word). 
 
 Reade(Charles), 1814-84, 
 writer ; — (Rev. Comp- 
 ton), 1834-, writer ; — 
 (Sir G. C), 1845- {see 
 also Read, Rede, Reed, 
 Reid). 
 
 reader* (typ.), a corrector 
 of the press, a copy- 
 holder, also one who 
 reports on MSS. to a pub- 
 lisher (Lc). Auniversity 
 teacher or lecturer (cap.). 
 
 readers* marks, see proof 
 correction marks. 
 
 reading for press (typ.), 
 the final reading before 
 printing. 
 
 reading-room (hyphen). 
 
 readjoum*, readjust*, 
 readmission*, read- 
 mit/*, -ted*, -ting* 
 (one word). 
 
 ready-made* (hyphen). 
 
 reafPorest*, reagent* 
 (one word). 
 
 reaU Port, coin ; pi. rels. 
 
 real] *, Sp. coin ; pi. -es. 
 
 realiz/e*, -able*, «o/ -ise. 
 
 ream of paper, 20 quires, 
 or 480 sheets ; abbr. rm. ; 
 ** perfect ** ream of 
 printing paper, 5 16 sheets; 
 ream of envelope 
 paper, 504 sheets ; **in- 
 sides,** whether good or 
 retree, 480 sheets ; 
 •* mill ** ream, 480 
 sheets, 18 " good " quires, 
 and 2 quires "outsides" ; 
 ** news ** ream, 500 
 sheets ; printers* 
 
 ream*, 516 sheets. 
 
 reanimate*, reappear*, 
 reappoint* (one word). 
 
 Rear- Admiral*, abbr. 
 R.A. (hyphen, caps.). 
 
 rear-guard* (hyphen). 
 
 rearm* (one word). 
 
 rearmouse*, «o/rere-, reer-. 
 
 re-arrange* (hyphen;. 
 
 rearward*, «o/rere-. 
 
 reassemble*, reassert/*, 
 -ed, -ing * (one word). 
 
 reassure* (one word). 
 
 Reaumur (R. A. F. de), 
 1683-1757, inventor of 
 thermom. scale ; the scale 
 itself, abbr.R.,orR6aum. 
 (see also Raumer). 
 
 reaver *, a robber, noi rei-. 
 
 reawake*, etc. (one word). 
 
 Reay (Baron) ; — 
 (Samuel), 1828-, com- 
 poser ; pron. ray {see also 
 Rae, Ray). 
 
 rebaptize*, noi -ise (one 
 word). 
 
 rebate*, to reduce, a re- 
 duction, also a hard free- 
 stone {see also rabbet). 
 
 rebel/*, -led*, -ling*. 
 
 rebound*, to bound back 
 (one word). 
 
 re-bound (bookbinding) 
 (hyphen). 
 
 rebus/ *, a puzzle ; pi. -es. 
 
 rebut/*, -ted, -ting*. 
 
 rec, receipt, recipe, re- 
 cord, -ed, -er. 
 
 recall*, in Scots law recal. 
 
 Recamier (Madame), 
 1777-1849, leader of Fr, 
 Society. 
 
 recast* (one word). 
 
 reed., received. 
 
 receipt, abbr. rec. 
 
 receivable*, not -cable. 
 
 r^chaufPS*, re- warmed 
 meat (not ital.). 
 
 recbercbe{Fr. f.), research. 
 
 recherch/6* (adj.), /em. 
 -6e, choice (not ital,). 
 
 recidivist*, one who habi- 
 tually relapses into crime. 
 
 recipe/*,/*/, -s, abbr. rec. ; 
 — mark (typ.), ^. 
 
 rSclame* (Fr. f.),' notoriety 
 by advertisement; (journ.) 
 editorial announcement ; 
 (typ.) catchword, prima. 
 
 Reclus (J. J. £.), 1830- 
 1905, Fr. geographer, not 
 Re- 
 
 334 
 
KECOAIi — REP. 
 
 reooal* (one word). 
 
 recognize*, Ko/-ise. 
 
 recommit/*, -ted, -ting. 
 
 recompense* (n. and v.), 
 not -ce. 
 
 recompose* (one word). 
 
 reconcilable*, not -cable. 
 
 reconciler*, not -or. 
 
 reconnaissance *, not 
 reconnoi- (not ital.). 
 
 reconnoitre*, not -er. 
 
 reconsider* (one word). 
 
 recoup*, to recompense. 
 
 re-cover*, to cover again 
 (hyphen). 
 
 re-creat/e *, to create again; 
 -or, not -er (hyphen). 
 
 rect., rectified. 
 
 rectif/y*, -ied*, -ier*, 
 -ying*. 
 
 recto* (typ.), the right- 
 hand page of an open 
 book, usually having the 
 odd page numbers ; re- 
 ferred to in bibliography 
 as* (superior letter) ; abbr. 
 R., or ro (not ital.). 
 
 rector, abbr. R. 
 
 rect/um * (anat.), pi. -a. 
 
 rect/us*(anat. ),/)/. -i*. 
 
 refU (Fr. m.), a receipt. 
 
 recueH* (Fr. m.), a literary 
 compilation. 
 
 reculer pour mieux 
 sauter (Fr.), to wait for 
 a better opportunity. 
 
 recur/*, -red*, -ring*. 
 
 recut*, to cut again (one 
 word). 
 
 r6dact\eur* (Fr.), editor; 
 fern, -rice, 
 
 redaction (Fr. f.), editing, 
 editorial department. 
 
 Redakteur(Gcr.m.), editor 
 (cap.). 
 
 Redboum, St. Albans. 
 
 Redboume, Lines. 
 
 redbreast* (robin), the 
 bird (two words). 
 
 redecorate* (one word). 
 
 Rede Lecture, Camb. 
 Univ. {see also Read, 
 Reade, Reed, Reid). 
 
 redeliver* (one word). 
 
 redemand* (one word). 
 
 Redemptionists*, an or- 
 der of monks devoted to 
 the redemption of Chris- 
 tian captives from slavery. 
 
 Redemptorists *, Liguor- 
 ians. 
 
 **Redgauntlet,»» by Sir W. 
 Scott, 1824 (one word). 
 
 red-hot* (hyphen). 
 
 red lead* (two words). 
 
 red-letter day* (one hy- 
 phen). 
 
 redoubt* (fort.), not -out. 
 
 redoubtable *. 
 
 redress*, to dress again 
 (one word). 
 
 red-tap/e*, -ism*, -ist* 
 (hyphen). 
 
 reducible*, not -cable. 
 
 reductio adj absurdum 
 (Lat.), an obviously ab- 
 surd conclusion ; — — 
 impossibile, an im- 
 possible conclusion. 
 
 red-'water*, cattle disease 
 (hyphen). 
 
 re-dye *, to dye again (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 re-echo (hyphen). 
 
 Reed (Alfred German), 
 1847-95, actor; — (Sir 
 Andrew), 1837- ; — (Sir 
 Charles) & Sons, type- 
 founders, London ; — (Sir 
 E. J.), 1830-, naval de- 
 signer ; — (E. T.), i860-, 
 "Punch" artist; — 
 (Talbot Raines), 1852- 
 93, writer of boys' books 
 {see also Read, Reade, 
 Rede, Reid). 
 
 Reekie (Auld), Old 
 Smoky, that is Edinburgh. 
 
 re/-eleot* -embark* {not 
 reim-), -enact *, -en- 
 force* (to enforce again), 
 -enslave*, -enter*, -en- 
 throne *, -establi sh *, 
 -exchange*, -exhibit* 
 (hyphens). 
 
 Ref., the Reformation. 
 
 ref., referee, referred, refer- 
 ence, reformed, -er. 
 
 325 
 
RBPAIT — REICHSTAG 
 
 refait (Fr. m.), a drawn 
 game ; new horns or 
 antlers. 
 
 Ref.Ch., Reformed Church. 
 
 refer/ *, -able *, -rer *, 
 -ring*. 
 
 rafer/ee,-red, -ence, abbr. 
 ref. 
 
 reference marks (typ.), 
 signs used to direct the 
 reader from the text to a 
 note. They are used in 
 the following order * + J 
 § II U, and then repeated 
 in duplicate as ** etc. {see 
 also foot-notes). 
 
 referend/um*, the right of 
 the people to decide on 
 certain laws, etc. ; pi. -a. 
 
 refer/rible, use -able *. 
 
 refill * (one word). 
 
 refit/*, -ted, -ting *. 
 
 refl., reflection, -ive, -ively, 
 reflex, -ive, -ively. 
 
 reflectible *, not -able. 
 
 refiector *, not -er. 
 
 reflection*, «o/-xion, abbr. 
 refl. ; in Fr. f. rS flexion. 
 
 Reformation (the) (cap.); 
 abbr. Ref. 
 
 Reform Bills, 1832, 1867, 
 1884-5. 
 
 reform/ed, -er, abbr. ref. 
 
 refractor *, a telescope. 
 
 refrangible *. 
 
 Reg., Regent, regina 
 (queen). 
 
 reg., register, -trar, -try, 
 regular, -ly. 
 
 regalia, is plural. 
 
 regd., registered. 
 
 regenerator *. 
 
 Regent, abbr. Reg. 
 
 Regent's Park, London 
 (apos.). 
 
 Reg.-Gen., Registrar-Gen- 
 eral. 
 
 Rigie, governmental con- 
 trol of articles paying duty 
 in Aust., Fr., It.,Sp.,Turk. 
 
 regime * (not itaL) ; in Fr. 
 m. r6-, 
 
 regimen/, pi. -s (not itaL). 
 
 regiment, abbr. regt. 
 
 regiaa(La.t.), queen ; abbr. 
 R., or Reg. 
 
 register* (binding), abook- 
 marker ; (typ.) when 
 pages, columns, and lines 
 are truly square, and back 
 one another precisely on 
 the paper, or when two or 
 more colours meet without 
 overlapping, they are said 
 to be " i« register," other- 
 wise ^^ottt of register." 
 The list of signatures 
 printed at the end of old 
 books. Abbr. reg. 
 
 registered, abbr. regd. 
 
 registrable, not -erable. 
 
 registrar/, -y, abbr. reg. 
 
 Registrar- General (hy- 
 phen, caps.) ; abbr. Reg.- 
 Gen. 
 
 regium donum (Lat.), a 
 royal grant. 
 
 Regius Professor, abbr. 
 Reg. Prof. 
 
 regie (Fr. f.), a rule. 
 
 regis (Fr.), settled. 
 
 reglet * (typ.), a thin strip of 
 wood used to make blanks 
 between lines of type. 
 
 "Rdgne Animal (Le)/* 
 by Cuvier, 181 7. 
 
 regnjum (Lat.), a kingdom, 
 or badge of royalty ; pi. -a. 
 
 Reg. Prof., Regius Pro- 
 fessor. 
 
 regrater *, not -or. 
 
 regret/*, -ful*, -fully*, 
 -table *, -tably *, -ted », 
 -ting*. 
 
 regt., regiment. 
 
 reguija (Lat), a book of 
 rules ; pi. -as. 
 
 regular/, -ly, abbr. reg. 
 
 regulator *, not -er. 
 
 Reichs/anstalt, Ger. ofi". 
 laboratory ; "-anzeiger,'* 
 Ger.Imp.Gazette ; -kanz- 
 ler, Ger. and Aus. Imp. 
 Chancellor ; -rat, the 
 legislative body in the 
 Cis-leithan division of 
 Austria-Hungary j -tag, 
 Ger. legislative body (cap.). 
 
 326 
 
BEID — REMOVABLE 
 
 Reid (Andrew), 1848-, 
 writer ; — (Sir A. J. F.), 
 1846- ; — (Sir George), 
 1841-, Sc. painter ; — 
 (Rt. Hon. G.H.), 1845- ; 
 
 — (Sir H. Gilzean), 
 1 838-, writer; — (Sir 
 H. V. R.), 1845- ; — 
 (Sir James), 1849-, 
 M.D.; — (Sir J. "W.), 
 i823-,M.D.;— (Captain 
 Mayne), 1818-83, 
 writer ; — (Thomas), 
 1710-96, metaphysician; 
 
 — (Sir T. Wemyss), 
 1843-1905, writer ; — 
 (Whitelaw), 1837-, 
 Amer. politician (see also 
 Read, Reade, Rede, 
 Reed). 
 
 Reikiavik,«5(j Reykj-. 
 
 reimbark, use re-em- *. 
 
 reimburse * (one word). 
 
 r6impression (Fr. f.), a 
 reprint. 
 
 Reims, Fr., not Rh-. 
 
 reine-Claude (Fr. f.), 
 greengage ; pi. reines-. 
 
 reinforce/*, -ment * 
 
 (mil.), not reen-. 
 
 reinstate* (one word). 
 
 re/s *, /(/.of rea/,aPort.coin. 
 
 Rels Bffendi* (Turk.), title 
 of former Secretary of 
 State for foreign affairs. 
 
 reissue*, see title pages. 
 
 reiteration* (typ.), the 
 printingof the second side 
 of a sheet ; abbr. reit. 
 
 reiver, a robber, use rea-*. 
 
 Rejane (G. R6ju), 185 7-, 
 actress. 
 
 rel., relative, -ly, religion, 
 religious, reliquias (relics). 
 
 reliche (Fr. m.), respite, 
 rest ; (theat.) no perform- 
 ance ; (f.) a port, harbour. 
 
 relaps/e*, -able*. 
 
 relat/er*, in law -or*. 
 
 relation*, connexion by 
 blood or marriage, not 
 relative. 
 
 relative/*, -ly*, abbr. rel. 
 {see also relation). 
 
 relativity*. 
 
 releaser*,one who releases. 
 
 releasor* (law), one who 
 grants a release. 
 
 re-let/*, -ting* (hyphen). 
 
 relevjS (Fr.), /em. -Se, 
 exalted, noble ; (cook.), 
 highly-seasoned, (the) re- 
 move, not re-. 
 
 relic*, not -ique. 
 
 relief-printing * (typ.), 
 letttfrpress or block print- 
 ing, not litho or plate. 
 
 re//e«/r(Fr.m.), bookbinder. 
 
 relievo*, use rilievo, 
 
 religieuse] * (Fr. f.), a nuh ; 
 pi. -s. 
 
 retigieux * (Fr. m.), a monk ; 
 pi. same. 
 
 relig/ion*, -ious*, abbr. 
 rel. 
 
 religious/ denomina- 
 tions (typ.), as Moham- 
 medan, Protestant, to 
 have caps. ; — marks, see 
 ecclesiastical signs. 
 
 relique, use relic*. 
 
 reliquias* (Lat.), relics, is 
 plural; abbr. rel. 
 
 reliure (Fr. f.), binding. 
 
 rel/y*, not -ie; -ied*, 
 -ying*. 
 
 rem., remarks. 
 
 remainder (typ.), that part 
 of an edition which is 
 unsaleable at its original 
 price. 
 
 remark*, «o/-que {see also 
 proofs of engravings). 
 
 Rembrandt, 1607-69, Du. 
 painter. 
 
 remerciment (Fr. m.), 
 thanks, not -iement. 
 
 retnjex* (Lat.), wing quill 
 feather ; pi. -iges*. 
 
 Reminiscere Sunday,the 
 second in Lent. 
 
 remissible*, capable of be- 
 ing forgiven. 
 
 remit/*, -tance*, -ter*. 
 
 remonstrator*, not-er. 
 
 rSaioulade (Fr. f.), salad 
 dressing, not remol-. 
 
 removable*, «o/ -cable. 
 
 327 
 
BEMPIiISSAQB — RES 
 
 remplissage (Fr. m.), pad- 
 ding. 
 
 Remusat (C. P. M., 
 comte de), 1 797-1875, 
 Fr. writer; — (J. P.), 
 1788-1832, Fr. Chinese 
 scholar. 
 
 Renaissance* (the), not 
 -ascence (cap.). 
 
 renard, the fox, use rey-*. 
 
 rendezvous*, sitjg. and pi. 
 (one word, not ital.). 
 
 rendible*. translatable. 
 
 renommle {Fr.), fent. -Se, 
 celebrated. 
 
 Renouf (Sir Peter le 
 Page), 1822-97, Egyptol. 
 
 renouncement *. 
 
 renovator*, not -er. 
 
 rentes] (Fr.f.), independent 
 income, also gov. stocks ; 
 — sur Pctatf interest 
 on Government loans. 
 
 reatjier (Fr.), /em. -i^re, 
 one whose income is de- 
 rived from investments. 
 
 renvoi (Fr. m.), dismissal, 
 adjournment ; (law) send- 
 ing before another court ; 
 (typ.) a reference mark. 
 
 reometer, use rhe-*. 
 
 reopen* (one word). 
 
 reorganize*, not -ise (one 
 word). 
 
 rep., report, -er, repre- 
 sentative, republic, -an. 
 
 rep*, a fabric, not repp. 
 
 rep/ air*, -arable*, -ara- 
 tion*. 
 
 repartee* (not ital.). 
 
 repartir (Fr.), to reply, to 
 start again. 
 
 repartir (Fr.), to divide. 
 
 repel/*, -led,-lence,-lent, 
 -ler*. 
 
 repertoire* (not ital.). 
 
 re'pertoriUin*(Lat.),a cata- 
 logue. 
 
 repetatur (Lat.), let it be 
 repeated ; abbr. repet 
 
 repetitorium (Lat.), a 
 summary. 
 
 replaceable*, «o^ -cable. 
 
 replica/*, a duplicate by 
 
 the artist himself; pi. -8 
 (not ital.). 
 
 repli/er*, -eth, «o/ reply-. 
 
 rSpiique (Fr. f.), a reply. 
 
 report/*, -er*, abbr. rep. 
 
 repouss6* (not ital.). 
 
 repp, use rep *. 
 
 repr., representing. 
 
 reprehensible*, «o/-able. 
 
 representable*, Ko/-ible. 
 
 representative *, abbr. 
 rep. 
 
 Representatives (House 
 of), lower division of 
 U.S.A. Congress (caps.). 
 
 repress/*, -er*, -ible*. 
 
 reprint* (typ.), a second 
 or a new impression or 
 edition of any printed 
 work ; a re-impression. 
 Printed matter taken from 
 some other publication for 
 reproduction. Also print- 
 ed "copy" (one w^ord) ; 
 abbr. R.P. {see also title 
 pages). 
 
 repris/e*, -al*, not -ize. 
 
 reprize, to prize anew. 
 
 reproducible *. 
 
 reproof*, a rebuke. 
 
 reprove*, to condemn. 
 
 republic/*, -an*, abbr. R. 
 
 RSpublique francaise 
 (l.c./), French Republic; 
 abbr. R.P. 
 
 repudiator*. 
 
 reputable*. 
 
 requiem/* (R.C.C.), the 
 Mass for the dead ; pi. -S. 
 
 requiesjcat in pace ( Lat. ) , 
 may he, or she, rest in 
 peace, abbr. R.I.P., pi. 
 
 -cant ; 'Cit , 
 
 he, or she, rests in peace. 
 
 reredos/*,no/-dorse,-dosse, 
 rerdos ; pi. -es. 
 
 reremouse, use rear-*. 
 
 res., reserve, resides, -ence, 
 resigned. 
 
 res/(Lat.), a thing or things; 
 — adjudicata, a matter 
 already decided ; — 
 angusta domi, scanty 
 means at home. 
 
 328 
 
BESCUABLE — REVEUR 
 
 rescuable*. 
 reserve*, abbr. res. 
 Reserve* (Army) (caps.), 
 reserv/er, in law -or. 
 reservist, not -eist. 
 res gestae (Lat. />/.), things 
 
 done, matters of fact, 
 resid/es, -ence, abbr. r., 
 
 or res. 
 residu/um, />/. -a. 
 resigned, abbr. res. 
 resin ; rosin only for mus. 
 
 instruments. 
 resist/ance, -ant, not 
 
 -ence, -ent. 
 resl^ judicata (Lat.), a 
 
 thing already decided ; — 
 
 nihilif a nonentity, 
 resolv/able, -er. 
 resonator. 
 
 resource, in Fr. f. ress-. 
 resp., respondent. 
 resp* (Ger.), respektiv, or. 
 respecter, 
 respirator, not -er. 
 response mark (typ.), ^i. 
 respons/ible, in Fr. 
 
 -able, 
 res publica (Lat.), public 
 
 property (two words). 
 respublica (Lat.), the com- 
 monwealth (one word). 
 restaurateur (Fr. m.), 
 
 restaurant-keeper. 
 Restigouche River, New 
 
 Brunswick. 
 restor/able, -ator. 
 Restoration (the) (cap.), 
 resum/e, -able. 
 r§sum6, a summary (not 
 
 ital.). 
 resuscitat/e, -or. 
 Reszke (ifidouard de), 
 
 1856- ; — (Jean de), 
 
 1853-, Polish singers, 
 ret (typ.), the second side 
 
 of a sheet, 
 ret., retired, 
 rotable, the super-altar, 
 retail, sell by, not at or to. 
 retd., returned. 
 Tetinl&,pl. -89. 
 retired, abbr. ret. 
 retraceable. 
 
 retract/able, -ability, not 
 
 -ible, -ibil-. 
 
 retractor, not -er. 
 
 retreater. 
 
 retree, the slightly damaged 
 paper of different reams 
 marked x x, 10% less 
 than "good." Distinct 
 from ''outsides," or 
 "broken, "marked X x x. 
 
 retriever, a dog. 
 
 retroussS (Fr.), turned up. 
 
 returned, abbr. retd. 
 
 Reubens, use Ru-. 
 
 reunion, a social gathering; 
 in Fr. f. rSunion. 
 
 R6union (lie de), Indian 
 Ocean. 
 
 Reuter, ^row. roy'tr. 
 
 Rev., Book of Revelation, 
 Reverend, Review. 
 
 rev,, revenue, reverse, 
 revise, -ed, -sion, revolu- 
 tion, -s. 
 
 rSvell(Fr. m.),an awaking, 
 a morning call. 
 
 r6veill6, morning call to 
 troops ; pron. re-val'ye 
 (not ital.). 
 
 rSveillon (Fr. m.), a mid- 
 night repast on Xmas eve. 
 
 revel/, -led, -ler, -ling. 
 
 Revelation(Bookofthe), 
 not -ions ; abbr. Rev. 
 
 revenons h nos moutons 
 (Fr.), let us return to our 
 subject. 
 
 revenue, abbr. rev. 
 
 Reverend,abbr.TheRev. ; 
 pi. Revs. 
 
 reverie, not -y. 
 
 revers (Fr. dress, m.), the 
 front turned back showing 
 the inner surface. 
 
 reverse, abbr. rev. 
 
 reversi, a game, not ri-. 
 
 reversible, not -able. 
 
 reverso (typ.),theleft-hand 
 page of an open book; 
 generally bearing the even 
 numbers ; usual abbr. 
 V, or verso (no point). 
 
 reveujr (Fr.), /em. -se, 
 a day-dreamer. 
 
 329 
 
KEVrOIEREN ~ RIB 
 
 revidieren (Ger.),to revise. 
 
 Review, abbr. Rev. 
 
 Reviews (titles of) (typ.), 
 when cited, to be roman 
 double-quoted. 
 
 revise (typ.), a second or 
 subsequent proof; abbr. 
 rev. 
 
 revis/e, -able, -ing. 
 
 revis/e, -ed, -ion, abbr. 
 rev. 
 
 Revised/ Statutes, abbr. 
 R.S., or Rev. Stat. ; — 
 Version (the) (caps.), 
 abbr. R.V., orRev.Ver. 
 
 Revisionsbogen (Ger. 
 typ. m.), revised proof- 
 sheet (cap.). 
 
 revived old-style type, 
 see old-style type. 
 
 reviv/er, in law -or. 
 
 revoir {k) (Fr.), to be re- 
 vised. 
 
 revoir! (au), till we meet 
 again ! (not ital.) 
 
 revo/ke, -cable, -cation. 
 
 Revolution (the), Amer. 
 1775-83? Eng- 1688-9, 
 Fr. 1789-95, 1830, 1848, 
 1870 (cap.). 
 
 revolution/, -s, abbr. rev. 
 
 revolutionize, not -ise. 
 
 Revs., Reverends. 
 
 Rev. Stat., Revised 
 Statutes. 
 
 •« Revue/ Bleue," " — des 
 Deux Mondes," Fr. f. 
 periodicals. 
 
 Rev.Ver., RevisedVersion. 
 
 rex (Lat.), king ; abbr. R. 
 
 Reykjavik, not Reiki-. 
 
 reynard, the fox, not ren-. 
 
 rez-de-cbaussie (Fr. m.), 
 the ground floor(hyphens). 
 
 R.F., Re'publique franfaise 
 (Fr. Republic). 
 
 Rf. (paper), rough finish. 
 
 r/. , see rinforzando. 
 
 R.F.A., Royal Field Artil- 
 lery. 
 
 R.G.A., Royal Garrison 
 Artillery, — Guernsey 
 Artillery ; R.G.S., — 
 Geographical Society. 
 
 R.H.*, Royal Highness; 
 Rh, rhodium ; r.h., right 
 hand ; R.H. A., Royal 
 Hibernian Academy, — 
 Horse Artillery. 
 
 rhabdomancy*, «o/ra-. 
 
 Rhast/ia, -ian, -ic, of Aus. 
 Tyrol, not Rae-, Rhe-. 
 
 rhapsodize, not -ise. 
 
 rhatany* (bot.), not rat-. 
 
 Rheims, use Reims. 
 
 Rhein (Ger. m.), the Rhine. 
 
 ♦* Rheingold (Das)," 
 opera by Wagner, i86g. 
 
 "Rheinisches Museum 
 fiir Philologie/* a Ger. 
 periodical. 
 
 rheometer(elec.), wo/reo-. 
 
 rhet., rhetoric. 
 
 R.H.G., Royal Horse 
 Guai'ds. 
 
 rhinoceros/, pi. -es. 
 
 R.H.M.S., Royal Hiber- 
 nian Military School. 
 
 Rhode Island, ofif. abbr. 
 R.I. 
 
 Rhodesia, S. Afr. ; pron. 
 r5-dee'zia. 
 
 rhodium, symbol Rh. 
 
 rhododendron/, pi. -s. 
 
 rhomb/us (geom.),^/. -i. 
 
 Rhondda Valley, Glam. 
 
 Rhone, dep. and river ; in 
 Fr. Rh6ne. 
 
 R.H.S., Royal Historical 
 Society, — Horticultural 
 — , — Humane — . 
 
 rhumb (naut.), not ru-. 
 
 rhym/e, to versify; -er {see 
 also rime). 
 
 Rhys (Sir John), 1840-, 
 philologist ; pron. reece. 
 
 rhythm. 
 
 R.I., Rhode Island (off. 
 abbr.). Royal Institute of 
 Painters in Water-Col- 
 ours, Royal Institution ; 
 R.I.A., Royal Irish 
 Academy ; R.I. A.M., 
 ditto of music. 
 
 Rialto, Venice (cap.). 
 
 riantj (Jr.), fent. -e, cheer- 
 ful, agreeable to the eye. 
 
 rib/, -bed, -bing. 
 
 330 
 
R.I.B.A. — RIV. 
 
 E.I.B.A., Royal Institute 
 of British Architects. 
 
 ribbon, not -and, riband. 
 
 K.I.C, Royal Irish Con- 
 stabulary. 
 
 Ricardo (David), 1772- 
 1623, Eng. economist. 
 
 Richelieu (Cardinal), 
 1585-1642, Fr. statesman. 
 
 Richepin (Jean), 1849-, 
 Fr. writer. 
 
 Richey (Sir J. B.), 1833- 
 {see also Ritchie). 
 
 Richter (Hans), 1843-, 
 musical conductor ; — 
 (J. P. F.), 1763-1825, 
 Ger. writer. 
 
 rickets, a bone disease. 
 
 rickety, not -tty. 
 
 rickshaw, abbr. of jin- 
 ricksha*. 
 
 ricochet/, -ted, -ting 
 (not ital.). 
 
 rid/, -ded, -ding. 
 
 rid/e, -eable, -den, -ing. 
 
 rider (typ.), additional MS. 
 added to a proof. 
 
 ridg/e, -y. 
 
 Ries (Ger. n.), aream (cap.). 
 
 Riesling, a Rhine wine. 
 
 Rievaulx Abbey, Yorks, 
 not Riv- ; pron. riv'ers. 
 
 rifacimentlo (It.), a re- 
 making ; pi. -/. 
 
 riff-raff (hyphen). 
 
 rifl/e, -ing. 
 
 right/ (theat.), abbr. R.; — 
 ascension, abbr. R.A.; 
 hand/, adj., -ed (hy- 
 phens); — hand pages 
 (typ.), the recto pages 
 usually with odd folios. 
 
 Right Reverend (for 
 Bishops only), abbr. 
 The Right Rev. 
 
 Rigi, Switz., not -hi. 
 
 rigor (med.), not -our. 
 
 rigor mortis (Lat.), stiffen- 
 ing of death (not ital.). 
 
 rigorous, not rigour-. 
 
 rigour, severity, not -or. 
 
 Rigsdag, Ddn. Parliament. 
 
 Rig-Veda, Sanskrit reli- 
 gious book (caps. , hyphen). 
 
 rillevjo (It.), raised or em- 
 bossed work, not re-; pi. -/. 
 R.I.M., Royal Indian 
 
 Marine, 
 rim/, -med, -ming. 
 
 rima (It.), verse. 
 
 rim/e, hoar-frost; -y {see 
 also rhjrme). 
 
 rinderpest, pleuro-pneu- 
 monia in cattle (one word). 
 
 rlnforzjando, -ato (It. 
 mus.), with more em- 
 phasis; abbr. r/., or rinf. 
 
 «*Ring der Wibelungen 
 (Der),** by Wagner, 1876. 
 
 Ringsend, Dublin. 
 
 Ringwood, Hants. 
 
 Ringwould, Dover. 
 
 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, not 
 Rio Janeiro. 
 
 Rio Tinto, S. Spain. 
 
 R.I.P.*, Requiescat (or -ant) 
 in pace (may he, she (or 
 they) rest in peace !). 
 
 ripost, a retort, not -te. 
 
 rippl/e, -y. 
 
 Rippmann (Prof. "Wal- 
 ter), 1869-, educationist. 
 
 "Rip Van Winkle," by 
 Washington Irving, 1820 
 (three caps.)* 
 
 ris de veau (Fr. cook, m.), 
 sweetbread. 
 
 rises, abbr. r. 
 
 risible, etc., not -able. 
 
 risqufS (Fr.), /em. -Se, 
 risky, indelicate. 
 
 rissole, minced meat fried 
 in batter (not ital.). 
 
 rissolS (Fr. cook.), well- 
 browned. 
 
 ritardando{lt.mus.), slow- 
 er; abbr. riL, or ritard. 
 
 Ritchie (Rt. Hon. C. T.), 
 1838-1905, statesman ; — 
 (Sir J. T.), 1835- {see also 
 Richey). 
 
 ritenuto (It. mus.), slower; 
 abbr. ritett. 
 
 Ritualist/ (cap.) ; -io (not 
 cap.). 
 
 Riukiu Isles, use lioo- 
 choo — . 
 
 Riv., river. 
 
 331 
 
RIVAL — ROD 
 
 rival/, -led, -ling. 
 
 Rivaulx, see Rie-. 
 
 Rivaz (Sir C.^, 1845-. 
 
 rivel/, to corrugate ; -led, 
 -ling. 
 
 River (typ.), when with 
 name to have cap., as 
 Yellow River, River 
 Dart ; abbr. R., or Riv. 
 
 river-side (hyphen). 
 
 Rivesaltes, a Fr. wine 
 
 rivet/, -ed, -er, -ing. 
 
 Riviera, S. France. 
 
 Riviere (Briton), 1840-, 
 painter. 
 
 riviere (Fr. f.), river, (of 
 diamonds) collar. 
 
 rix-dollar, a European 
 coin 2/6-4/6, not ricks- 
 (hyphen) ; abbr. Rx. 
 
 riz (Fr. m.), rice. 
 
 Rizzio (David), d. 1566, 
 favourite of Mary, Q. of 
 Scots, not Rice-. 
 
 R.J. A., Royal Jersey Ar- 
 tillery ; R.J.L.I., ditto 
 Light Infantry ; R. J.M., 
 ditto Militia. 
 
 R.L.O., Returned Letter 
 Office {formerly Dead 
 
 ). 
 
 R.M., Resident Magistrate, 
 Royal Mail, — Marines ; 
 rm., ream ; R.M.A., 
 Royal Marine Artillery, 
 
 — Military Academy 
 (Woolwich), Asy- 
 lum; R.M.C., — Military 
 College (Sandhurst) ; 
 R.Met.S., — Meteorolo- 
 gical Society ; R.M.L.I., 
 
 — Marine Light Infantry ; 
 R.M.S., — Mail Ser- 
 vice ; Steamer, — 
 
 Microscopical Society. 
 
 R.N. *, Royal Navy ; 
 R.N.A.V., — Naval 
 Artillery Volunteers ; 
 R.N.R., — Naval Re- 
 serve ; R.N.V., — Naval 
 Volunteer (Reserve). 
 
 R.O., Receiving Office, -r, 
 Relieving Officer, Return- 
 ing — , Royal Observatory. 
 
 ro., rood. 
 
 r" (typ.), recto. 
 
 Road (typ.), after name to 
 
 be cap., as Fulham Road ; 
 
 in journalism, hyphen 
 
 and lower-case r usual, as 
 
 Fulham-rcad ; abbr. Rd. 
 road/side, -stead, -way 
 
 (no hyphen). 
 roan (binding), a soft and 
 
 flexible sheepskin, often 
 
 imitating morocco, 
 roast (to rule the), to 
 
 exercise leadership, not 
 
 roost. 
 Robartes (Baron), fam. 
 
 name Agar-Robartes. 
 Robben Island, S. Africa. 
 Robbia (Luca della), 
 
 1399-1482, sculptor. 
 robbin{E. Ind.), a package. 
 robe dej cbambre (Fr. f.), 
 
 morning- gown ; — — 
 
 COl/r, Court-dress. 
 Robert College, Constan- 
 tinople. 
 Robespierre (M. M. J.), 
 
 1758-94, Fr. politician, 
 robin, the bird (see also 
 
 robbin). 
 Robin/ Goodfellow, a 
 
 sprite (caps.) ; — Hood's 
 
 Bay, a town, Yorks 
 
 (apos., three words). 
 robin redbreast*. 
 ** Robinson Crusoe," by 
 
 Defoe, 17 19. 
 Rob Roy, 1671-1734, Sc. 
 
 outlaw (caps., two words). 
 roburite, an explosive. 
 roc, a fabulous bird, not 
 
 rock, rok, rue, ruck, rukh. 
 Roch (St.), pron. rok. 
 Roche, />roH. rOsh. 
 Rochefoucauld,5<?<?Ija— . 
 roches m.outonn6es 
 
 (geol.) (not ital.). 
 rochet, a linen garment, not 
 
 -ette, rotchet. 
 Rock (the), Gibraltar. 
 Rockefeller(J.D.),i84o-, 
 
 Amer. millidnaire. 
 " Rock of Ages " (caps.). 
 rod, abbr, r. 
 
 33a 
 
BOD — ROSENCRANTZ 
 
 Rod (Edouard), 1857-, Fr. 
 
 writer. 
 Rodd (Sir Rennell), 
 
 1 858-, writer. 
 Roderic, the last of the 
 
 Goths, not -ick. 
 Rodin (Auguste), 1840-, 
 
 Fr. sculptor. 
 rodomontade, not rh-. 
 roebuck (one word). 
 roe-deer (hyphen). 
 Roffen., signature of Bp. of 
 
 Rochester (point). 
 Rogation Sunday, that 
 
 before Ascension Day. 
 Roget (P. M.), 1779-1869, 
 
 wrote " Thesaurus." 
 rognons (Fr. m.), kidneys. 
 Rohilkhand, N.W. India, 
 
 not Rohilc-, -und. 
 Rohlfs (Anna K. G.), 
 
 1846-, Amer. writer. 
 roi fainSant (Fr.), do- 
 nothing king. 
 roisterer, not roy-. 
 rok, use roc. 
 
 Rokitansky (K. baron 
 von), 1804-78, anatomist. 
 r61e, in Fr. m. rdle. 
 roll-call (hyphen). 
 RoUeston (George), 
 
 1829-81, anatomist, 
 roly - poly, a pudding, 
 not roley-poley, roUey- 
 polley, roily -polly, row- 
 ley-powley. 
 Rom., Roman, Romance, 
 Romans (Epistle to the). 
 Romaic, modern Greek. 
 Roman/, -ism, -ist (caps.). 
 roman (typ.), this style of 
 type,or ordinary as distinct 
 from fancy and ital. (not 
 cap.) ; in Ger. Antiqua. 
 Roman Catholic/ (caps.), 
 
 abbr.R.C; Church 
 
 (caps.), abbr. R.C.C. 
 Romanie-Conti, a red 
 
 Burgundy wine, 
 romanize, not -ise. 
 roman numerals, see 
 
 numerals (roman). 
 
 Romanov, reigning house 
 
 of Russia, not -of, -off. 
 
 Romans (the Epistle to 
 
 the) ; abbr. Rom. 
 Romansch, Rhaeto-ro- 
 
 manic. 
 Romany, a gipsy, not 
 
 -nny, -mmany (cap.). 
 Romney (George), 1734 
 
 (O.S.)-i8o2, painter. 
 Romsey, Hants. 
 
 ronde (typ.), cm, tOvtlo^ 
 
 cuvaulo/* Vovtn> op ^ciiKt, 
 
 rondeau/, a form of poem ; 
 
 pi. -X. 
 rondo (mus.), a movement, 
 rone, a water-pipe. 
 Rontgen (Julius), 1855-, 
 composer ; — ("W". K. 
 von), 1845-, discovered 
 rOntgen rays. 
 rood, abbr. ro. 
 rook (chess), abbr. R, also 
 
 a bird. 
 
 Rooke (Sir George), 
 
 1650-1709, Eng. admiral. 
 
 Roosevelt (Theodore), 
 
 1858-, Amer. Pres. 1903-; 
 
 pron. rSz'-felt. 
 
 roost (to rule the), use 
 
 roast, 
 rop/e, -y. 
 
 Roquefort, a Fr. cheese, 
 rorqual, a whale. 
 Rosalind, in "As You Like 
 It," and Spenser's "Shep- 
 herd's Calendar." 
 Rosaline, in " Love's 
 Labour's Lost," "Romeo 
 and Juliet." 
 Roscher (Wilhelm), 
 
 1817-94, economist. 
 Roscommon, Ireland, 
 ros/e, -y. 
 
 rose (Fr. m.), pink colour ; 
 (f.) a rose ; couteur de 
 — , roseate, attractive. 
 Rosebery (Earl of), 
 1847-, not -berry, -bury, 
 rosemary, not rosm-. 
 Rosencrantz and Guild- 
 enstern, in *' Hamlet." 
 
 333 
 
KOSENKRANZ — ROWEL 
 
 Bosenkranz (J. K. F.), 
 1805-79, Ger. metaph. 
 
 Bosentreter, a chess open- 
 ing. 
 
 rose/- water, -wood (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 rosin (mus.), for stringed 
 instruments, not re-. 
 
 Rosinante, Don Quixote's 
 steed. 
 
 Roskilde (treaty of). 
 
 Roslin Chapel (^see also 
 Rosslyn). 
 
 iPilosmead (Baron). 
 
 Rosny (J. H.), Fr. writer. 
 
 Bosolio, a red wine of 
 Malta, not -oglio, -oli. 
 
 Ross (Sir James Clark), 
 1800-62 ; — (Sir John), 
 1777-1856, Arctic ex- 
 plorers. 
 
 Rosse (Earl of), />row. r6s. 
 
 Rossend Castle, Fife. 
 
 Rossetti (Christina 
 
 Georgina), 1830-94, 
 poetess ; — (Dante Ga- 
 briel), 1828-82, poet, 
 painter; — (Gabriele), 
 1 783-1854, poet, writer; 
 — (William. Michael), 
 1829-, writer. 
 
 rossignol (Fr. m.), night- 
 ingale. 
 
 Rosslyn (Earl of) {see also 
 Boslin). 
 
 Ross-shire (hyphen). 
 
 Rostand (Edmond), 
 1 868-, Fr. dramatist. 
 
 roster, a list of persons, etc. 
 
 rostr/um, pi. -a (not ital.). 
 
 rosy, not -ey. 
 
 rot/, -ted, -ting. 
 
 rdt/ (Fr. m.), meat roasted 
 on a spit ; pi. -s (not ital.). 
 
 rota/, list of persons ; pi. -S. 
 
 rotary, not rotatory. 
 
 rotator/, pi. -s. 
 
 rotatoiy, use rotary. 
 
 Rothamsted, agricul- 
 
 tural station. 
 
 Rothe (Richard), 1799- 
 1867, Ger. theol. 
 
 Rothes (Earl of), pron. 
 roth'iz. 
 
 Roth/schild(typ.), divide, 
 if necessary, at stroke. 
 
 rdti (Fr. m.), roast ftieat. 
 
 rotifer/ (zool. ),/>/. -s; roti- 
 fers (Lat.) is plural. 
 
 rdtir (Fr. cook.), to roast. 
 
 rotondo (It. typ.), roman 
 type. 
 
 rotor (math.), a vector of 
 definite position. 
 
 rottenstone (one word). 
 
 Rottingdean, Sussex (one 
 word). 
 
 rotund/ a, not -o ; pi. -as. 
 
 roturljer {Yr.\fem. -ere, 
 of mean birth. 
 
 Roubiliac (L. P.), 1695- 
 1762, sculptor ; not -Iliac. 
 
 rouble, Russ. silver coin 
 about 2S. iVad. Eng., itot 
 ru- ; abbr. R. 
 
 rou6, a debauchee (not ital.). 
 
 rouelle de veau (Fr. f.), 
 fillet of veal. 
 
 tvuge etnolr (Fr.m.), red 
 and black, a game of 
 chance (three words). 
 
 rougct (Fr. m.), red mullet. 
 
 rough, to trump, not ruff". 
 
 rough/-and-ready (adj.), 
 — -dry, — -hew, — 
 -rider, — -shod (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 rouleauj (Fr. m.), a roll of 
 money, roller, scroll ; 
 pi. -x, 
 
 Roumania/,-n, Ks^Rum-. 
 
 Roumelia/, -n, «5^Rum-. 
 
 roundabout (one word). 
 
 round-robin, a petition 
 (hyphen). 
 
 Rouse (W. H. D.), 1863-, 
 writer; pron. rows. 
 
 Rousse (Edmond), 181 7-, 
 Fr. writer. 
 
 Rousseau (J.-B.), 1670- 
 1741, Fr. poet ; — (J.- J.), 
 1712-78, writer ; — 
 (P. E. T.), 1812-67, Fr. 
 painter. 
 
 Roussillon, a red wine. 
 
 rout (verb). 
 
 rowan, the mountain-ash. 
 
 rowel/, -led, -ling. 
 
 334 
 
ROWEN — RUDESHEIMEB 
 
 rowen, the aftermath. 
 
 rowley-powley, use roly- 
 poly. 
 
 rowlock (naut.), not roll-, 
 rull- ; pron. rSl'uk. 
 
 Roxburgh, Scotland. 
 
 roxburghe binding, a 
 plain leather back, no 
 raised bands, lettered in 
 gold near the top, cloth 
 or paper sides, leaves 
 gilt at top, otherwise un- 
 opened (not cap.). 
 
 Roxburghe/ (Duke of) ; 
 
 — Club. 
 
 Royal/ (cap.), abbr. R. ; 
 — Academ/y, — ician, 
 — Artillery, abbr.R. A.; 
 
 — Highness, R.H. 
 royal paper, printing, 
 
 25 X 20 in. ; royal/ folio, 
 so X 12^3 ; — quarto, 
 1272 X 10 ; — octavo, 10 
 X6V4; —writing, 24 X 
 19 {see a/50 books, folio, 
 paper). 
 
 Royal Society, abbr. R.S. 
 
 roysterer, use roi-. 
 
 R.P., Reformed Presbyte- 
 rian, reprint, (Fr.) Reverend 
 Pere (Reverend Father) ; 
 R.P.D., Rerum Politi- 
 carunt Doctor (Doctor 
 of Political Science), 
 Regius Prof, of Divinity ; 
 R.P.E., Reformed Prot- 
 estant Episcopal ; r.p.m., 
 revolutions per minute. 
 
 rr., rarissime (very rarely) ; 
 R.R.C., Royal Red Cross 
 (for ladies). 
 
 R.S., Revised Statutes, 
 Royal Society ; Rs, ru- 
 pees ; r.s., right side ; 
 R.S.A., Royal Scottish 
 Academy ; R.S.A.F,, 
 Royal Small Arms 
 Factories; R.S.C., Rules 
 of the Supreme Court 
 (Ire.) ; R.S.E., Royal So- 
 ciety, Edinburgh ; R.S.L., 
 ditto London(usually R.S. 
 only) ; R.S.M., Regi- 
 mental Serjeant - Major ; 
 
 R.S.N.A., Royal Society 
 of Northern Antiquaries ; 
 R.S.O., railway sub- 
 office ; R.S.P.C.A., 
 Royal Society for Preven- 
 tion of Crueltj' to Animals 
 {see also N.S.P.C.C.) ; 
 R.S.S., Regise, Societatis 
 Sodalis (Fellow of 
 the Royal Society) ; 
 R.S.V.P.*, repondez s'il 
 vous plait (please reply) 
 (not to be used in writings 
 in the third person) ; 
 R.S.W.S., Royal Scottish 
 Water-Colour Society. 
 
 R.T., received text ; 
 Rt. Hon., Right Honour- 
 able ; Rt. Rev., Right 
 Reverend (of a bishop) ; 
 R.T.S., Religious Tract 
 Society, Royal Toxoph- 
 ilite Society; R.T.Y.C., 
 Royal Thames Yacht 
 Club. 
 
 R.U., Rugby Union ; Ru, 
 ruthenium. 
 
 "Rub^iydt (The)," by 
 Omar Khayyam. 
 
 Rubens (Peter Paul), 
 1577-1640, painter, not 
 Reu-. 
 
 rubican, a horse flecked 
 with white or grey. 
 
 rubicel, a variety of ruby. 
 
 Rubicon (to cross the), 
 to take an irrevocable step 
 (cap.). 
 
 rubicund, red. 
 
 rubidium, symbol Rb. 
 
 ruble, use rouble. 
 
 rubric (typ.), letters in 
 red ; rubricate (typ.), to 
 print in red. 
 
 ruby (typ.), a size of type thlr- 
 teen lines to the inch, and five 
 and a half point, as this. 
 
 ru/c, -ck, -kh, use roc. 
 ruche (Fr. dress, f.), a 
 
 quiUing or frilling, «o/rou-. 
 rud, use rudd. 
 rudd, a fish, not rud. 
 Riidesheimer, a Rhine 
 
 wine. 
 
 335 
 
HUB — KUYSDAEL 
 
 rue, rueful, ndng. 
 E.U.E. (theat.), right upper 
 
 entrance. 
 mjBT, a bird ; fern, reeve, 
 ruff, to trump, use rough, 
 ruffe, a fish. 
 rug\a (Lat.), a wrinkle ; pi. 
 
 -as. 
 Buhmkorff/ (H.D.), 1803- 
 
 77, electrician ; — coil. 
 R.TJ.I., Royal University 
 
 of Ireland. 
 minis (Fr.), fern, -ie, min- 
 ed, spoiled. 
 rul/e, -able, -ing, -y. 
 rule (typ.), 
 
 dotted, ; 
 
 double, = ; 
 
 em,—; 
 
 en, -; 
 
 French, — • — ; 
 
 metal, the em rule, of 
 various lengths 
 
 parallel. 
 
 Britannia ! " 
 
 single, 
 
 total, 
 
 ■waved, 
 
 "Kule, 
 (comma). 
 
 rule-work (typ.), com- 
 position with many rules, 
 as in tabular matter (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 rum/, -my. 
 
 Kumania/, -n, not Rou-. 
 
 rumb, use rh-. 
 
 Rumelia/, -n, not Rou-. 
 
 mminator, not -er. 
 
 run (naut.), deserted ; abbr. 
 B. 
 
 Buneberg (J. L.), 1804- 
 77, Sw. poet. 
 
 runic (typ.), a plain style 
 of type with lines of 
 almost equal thick- 
 ness, as this; abbr. b. 
 
 runn -s ;,t\p.), figures or 
 letters placed down the 
 margin of a page to ident- 
 ify the lines. 
 
 Bunnimede, on the 
 Thames. 
 
 running/ head-line, or — 
 
 title (typ.), the one on 
 the head margin con- 
 tinued from page to page 
 {see also head-lines). 
 
 run on/ (typ.), to have no 
 break: no new paragraph; 
 
 solid, to continue 
 
 without break or leads. 
 
 run out and indent (typ.), 
 the first line to be full out, 
 and the subsequent lines 
 indented, as on this page. 
 
 rupee, sign B,/>/.Rs ; tens 
 of rupees, TCs. ; (typ.\ 
 sign to be placed before 
 the figures and close up 
 (see also lac). 
 
 Bupert's Land (Bp. of). 
 
 .rtiralize, not -ise. 
 
 /USJS (Jr.), fern, -^e, artful. 
 
 ruse de guerre (Fr. f.), a 
 war stratagem. 
 
 B.U.S.I., Royal United 
 Service Institution. 
 
 nis in urbe (Lat.), the 
 country within a town. 
 
 Buss., Russia, -n. 
 
 Bussel (Alexander), 
 1814-76, a well-known 
 editor of the " Scotsman." 
 
 russel-cord, a fabric. 
 
 Bussell (Earl) ; also fam. 
 name Dukes of Bedford. 
 
 russet/, -ed, -ing, -y. 
 
 russia leather (binding), 
 is reddish-brown in colour 
 andscented, genuinemade 
 only in Russia (not cap.). 
 
 Bussia/, -n, abbr. Buss. ; 
 (typ-) 36 letters, both 
 caps, and smalls of special 
 character and form. 
 
 Bustchuk, Bulgaria. 
 
 rut/, -ted, -ting, -ty. 
 
 Buth (the Book of), 
 abbr. Buth. 
 
 ruthenium, symbol Bu. 
 
 Buthven (Baron), pron. 
 rivn'. 
 
 Buwenzori, mountain, 
 Cent. Africa. 
 
 Buy Lopez, chess opening. 
 
 Buysdael (Jakob), 1628- 
 82. Dutch painter. 
 
R.V., Revised Version, Rifle 
 Volunteers ; R.V.C., 
 Rifle Volunteer Corps ; 
 R.V.C.I., Royal Veter- 
 inary College of Ireland ; 
 R.V.S.V.P., repondez 
 viie, sh'l vous plait (please 
 reply quickly). 
 
 E.W., Right Worshipful, 
 — Worthy. 
 
 R.V. — R.Y.S. 
 
 Rx., rix-dollar. 
 
 Ex, tens of rupees (no 
 
 point). 
 Rye-house Plot, 1682-3 
 
 (one hyphen, two caps.). 
 Ryley (Madeleine 
 
 Lucette), actress and 
 
 playwright. 
 R.Y.S., Royal Yacht 
 
 Squadron (a club). 
 
 337 
 
 22 
 
B NOTES 
 
 338 
 
B NOTES 
 
 339 
 
 22 ♦ 
 
S. — SAIKT 
 
 s 
 
 S., Sabbath, Saint, school, 
 series, Signor, Society, 
 soprano, south, -ern, 
 Southern postal district of 
 London, sun, Sunday, sur- 
 plus, all propernames with 
 this initial, the eighteenth 
 in a series, (Fr.) saint 
 (saint), (Ger.) Sankt 
 (saint), Seite (page), Siid 
 (south), (Lat.) sepultus 
 (buried), socius or sodalis 
 (Fellow), (It. mus.) sinis- 
 tra (left hand). 
 
 S (chem.), sulphur, (math.) 
 scalar. 
 
 (S.), Socialist. 
 
 8., second, -s (of time"), sec- 
 tion, see, set, shilling, -s, 
 sign, -ed, singular, solo, 
 son, spherical, stem, sub- 
 stantive, succeeded, (Fr.) 
 siecle{c&nt\xty) ,sud{son\h), 
 (Ger.) siehe (see), (Lat.) 
 semi (half), solidus (shil- 
 ling), (meteor.) stratus 
 cloud, (naut.) snow. 
 
 •s, abbr. for Du. des (of the), 
 as 's Gravenhage (The 
 Hague). 
 
 4Sf:(It. mus.), the repeat mark. 
 
 $, the dollar mark; (typ.)to 
 be before, and close up to, 
 the figures. 
 
 y (math.), sign of integra- 
 tion. 
 
 2 (Gr.) (math.), sum. 
 
 S.A., the Salvation Army, 
 South Africa, -n. 
 
 S.a. (Lat.), sine anno (with- 
 out date). 
 
 S.A.A.A., Scottish Amateur 
 Athletic Association. 
 
 Sabaoth (Scrip.), armies. 
 
 Sabbatarian/, -ism 
 
 (caps.\ 
 Sabbath (the) (cap.) ; 
 abbr. S. 
 
 sabretache, bag for 
 cavalry, not -tash, -tasche. 
 
 Sabreur (Le Beau), Jo- 
 achim Murat, 1767-1815. 
 
 saccharimeter, not -om-.^ 
 
 Sacheverell (Henry), 
 1672-1724, High Church 
 rector. 
 
 Sachs (Hans), 1494-1576, 
 Ger. poet; — (Julius), 
 1832-97, Ger. botanist 
 {see also Sax, Saxe). 
 
 Sachsen, Ger. n. for 
 Saxony. 
 
 sackcloth (one word). 
 
 sacque, a loose coat. 
 
 sacrlS (Fr.), /em. -ie, 
 sacred. 
 
 sacrilegious, not sacre-, 
 -eous. 
 
 Saffron-Walden, Essex 
 (hyphen). 
 
 saga/, Scand. myth. ; pi. -8. 
 
 sagesse (Fr. f.), wisdom. 
 
 Saghalien Island* ttst 
 Sakhalin — . 
 
 sagou (Fr. m.), sago. 
 
 sabibj (Ind.), master ; /etn. 
 -ab, or mem-sabib. 
 
 S.A.I. (Fr.), Son Altesse 
 Imperiale (His, or Her, 
 Imperial Highness); pi. 
 SS.AA.II. 
 
 saignantl, f. -©(Fr.cook.), 
 underdone. 
 
 sailcloth (one word). 
 
 sailed, abbr. sld. 
 
 Sailors* Home, not -'s. 
 
 sainfoin (bot.), not saint-. 
 
 Saint, abbr. S., or St. ; in 
 alphabetical arrangement 
 always place under Saint, 
 not under St-; (typ.) St. 
 should not end line. 
 In Fr. small s and space 
 after, if relating to the 
 person of a saint, as saint 
 Jean, but cap. 5 and 
 
 340 
 
SAINT 
 
 Saint {coni.). 
 
 hyphen if relating to 
 the name of a place or 
 person or saint's day : as 
 Saint-l^tienne, Sainte- 
 Beuve, la Saint - Bar- 
 thelemy. Fr. abbr. S., 
 fern. Ste, for the persons 
 of saints ; St'.,fem. Ste-, 
 for names of places, of 
 persons, or of saints' 
 days. In Ger. Satlkt, 
 abbr. S., pi. SS. 
 St. Albans (Bp. of). 
 St. Andrew's Cross, X . 
 St. Andrews, Dunkeld, 
 and Dunblane (Bp. of) 
 (no apos. ); St.A2idrew*s 
 Day, 30 Nov. ; St. An- 
 drews University (no 
 apos.) ; St. Anne's Day, 
 26 July; St. Annes-on- 
 Sea, Lanes (hyphens, 
 no apos.) ; St. An- 
 thony's fire, erysipelas ; 
 St. Aubin's, Jersey 
 (apos.) ; St. Barnabas' 
 Day, 1 1 June; [St.] Bar- 
 tholomew Day, 24 
 August ; St. Bees, Cum- 
 berland (no apos.) ; St. 
 Clement'sDay, 23 Nov. ; 
 St. David's, Fife, Pem- 
 broke, and Bp. of (apos.); 
 St. Denis' Day, 9 Oct. ; 
 St. Dtmstan's Day, 19 
 May; Saint-]Sniilion, a 
 claret; Saint-Estdphe, 
 a claret; Saint- ifitienne, 
 dep. Loire; St. George's 
 Channel (apos.) ; St. 
 Gothard, Switz., not 
 Gott- ; St. Helens, Dur, 
 Lanes, L of Wight (no 
 apos.) ; St. Ives, Corn, 
 Hunts (no apos.) ; St. 
 James's/ Day, 25 July; 
 — — Palace, Park, 
 Square, Street, etc. 
 (-s's) ; St. John, cap. 
 N. Brunswick ; as proper 
 name, pron. sin'jin ; St. 
 John's, Newfoundland, 
 Quebec ; St. John's 
 
 College, Ox., and Camb. 
 (apos.) ; St. John's 
 "Wood, London (three 
 words, apos.) ; St. John 
 the Baptist's Day, 24 
 June ; ditto Evangel- 
 ist's Day, 27 Dec. ; 
 Saint- JuUen, a claret; 
 Saint-Just (L. A. L. 
 F. de), X 767-94, Fr. 
 writer ; St. Katharine's 
 (of Alexandria) Day, 25 
 Nov. ; St. Lambert's 
 Day, 17 Sept. ; St. Law- 
 rence's Day, 10 Aug. ; 
 St. Leonards, Hastings 
 (no apos.) ; St. Luke's/ 
 
 Day,! 8 Oct. ; little 
 
 summer, fine weather 
 between 18 Oct. and ir 
 Nov.; St. Margaret's 
 Day, 20 July ; St. 
 Mark's Day, 25 April ; 
 St. Martin's summer, 
 begins about 11 Nov. ; 
 St. Mary Abbot, Ken- 
 sington ; St. Mary 
 Church, Torquay (three 
 words) ; St. Matthew^ s 
 Day, 21 Sept. ; St. 
 Matthias's Day, 24 
 Feb. (-s's); St. Maur, 
 family name of Duke of 
 Somerset, pron. se-mor' ; 
 St. Michael and All 
 Angels' Day, 29 Sept. ; 
 St. Michael's, Azores 
 (apos.) ; Mount Saint 
 Michael, Cornwall ; " 
 Mont - Saint - Michel, 
 Fr. (hyphens) ; St.Weot, 
 Corn ; St. Weots, Hunts 
 (no apos.); St. Nicolas, 
 patron of Russia, also town 
 in Belgium ; St. Olaf, 
 patron of Norway ; St. 
 Patrick's Day, 17 Mar.; 
 St. Paul de Loanda, 
 W. Afr., see Loanda; 
 St. Paul's, London ; — 
 — Day, 25 Jan. (apos.) ; 
 St. Peter's, Rome 
 (apos.) ; St. Peter's Day, 
 29 June (apos.) ; St. 
 
 341 
 
SAINT — SAMOYBD 
 
 Philip and St. James's 
 Day, I May; Saint- 
 Pierre, a claret ; Saint- 
 Pierre (J. H. B. de), 
 1 737-18 14, Fr. writer 
 (hyphen) ; St. RoUox, 
 Glasgow ; Saint-Saens 
 (C. C), 1835-, Fr. com- 
 poser (hyphen) ; St. 
 Sepulclire(Cliiirch of) ; 
 Saint-Simon (C. H., 
 comte de), 1760- 
 1825, founder of Fr. 
 Socialism ; — (Ii. de R., 
 due de), 167 5-1 755, Fr. 
 writer (hyphen) ; St. 
 Simon and St. Jude's 
 Day, 28 Oct. ; St. Ste- 
 phen's Day, 26 Dec; 
 St. Swithin*s Day, 15 
 July ; St. Thomas's 
 Day, 31 Dec; St. 
 Vitus's dance (-s's). 
 
 Sainte - Beuve (C.-A.), 
 1804-69, French writer ; 
 Sainte-Claire Deville 
 (H. :fi.)» 1818-81, Fr. 
 chemist (one hyphen). 
 
 Saintsbnry (Prof. G. E. 
 B.), 1 845-, writer. 
 
 Sakandarabad, use Se- 
 cunder-. 
 
 sake, a Japanese liquor* not 
 -ke, -ki. 
 
 Sakhalin Island, Siberia, 
 not Saghalien — . 
 
 sakleb, Egyptian irrigating 
 wheel, not -ee3eh, -ia. 
 
 Sakyamuni, founder of 
 Buddhism. 
 
 salaam, not -lam. 
 
 salade (Fr. f.), salad. 
 
 salatnle. It. sausage, fool ; 
 PL ./. 
 
 sale (Fr.), dirty. 
 
 salS (Fr. cook.), salted. 
 
 saleable, not sala-. 
 
 Salem, Madras, Mass. 
 (U.S.A.). 
 
 Salic, not -ique. 
 
 salicylic acid. 
 
 Salimpur, India. 
 
 sallej (Fr. f.), hall ; — h 
 manger, dining-room 
 
 (not ital.) ; — d'attente, 
 waiting-room. 
 
 sally-lunn,a tea-cake (hy- 
 phen, not caps.). 
 
 salmagiindi, a medley, 
 not -y. 
 
 salmis (Fr. cook, m.), a 
 hash, not -mi. 
 
 Salmon (George), 181 9- 
 
 1904, math, and theol. 
 Salmond(S.D.P.), 1838- 
 
 1905, theol. 
 salmon/-parr, not -par ; 
 
 peal, a salmon under 
 
 two pounds, not -peel. 
 
 salon (Fr. m.), reception- 
 room, exhibition, fashion- 
 able society. 
 
 Saloniki, Turkey, not -ica, 
 -ika. 
 
 Salop, abbr. for Shropshire 
 (no point). 
 
 Salpetridre (La), hos- 
 pital for the insane, Paris. 
 
 salpicon (Sp. m.), cold 
 minced meat, not -9on. 
 
 salsify (bot.), not -afy. 
 
 salt-cellar (hyphen). 
 
 Salt Lake City, Utah 
 (caps., no hyphen). 
 
 Saltoun (Baron). 
 
 saltpetre (one word). 
 
 saltus (Lat.), a jump ; 5. 
 and pi. the same. 
 
 salutary, not -ory. 
 
 salver, a tray {see salvor). 
 
 Salvio gambit, a chess 
 opening. 
 
 salvo/, pi. -8, not -es. 
 
 sal volatile, ammonium 
 carb. ; pron. sal-vO-lat'i-l6. 
 
 salvor, one who salves prop- 
 erty, not -er (s^g salver). 
 
 Salzkammergut, Austria. 
 
 Sam., Samaritan, Samuel 
 (i and 2). 
 
 samarium, symbol Sm. 
 
 Samarkand, Turkestan, 
 not -cand. 
 
 Samboume (E. Linley), 
 1845-, •* Punch" artist. 
 
 S. Amer., South America, 
 -an. 
 
 Samoyed, not -oied, -oide. 
 
 34a 
 
SAMPAN — SARCOMA 
 
 sampatly Chinese boat, not 
 san-. 
 
 sampl/e, -ed, -ing. 
 
 Sampson (Dominie), in 
 " Guy Mannering," not 
 Samson. 
 
 Samura/, Japanese military 
 class {sing, and pi.), 
 
 sanatori/um, not -arium; 
 pi. -a. 
 
 sanatory, healing {see also 
 sanitary). 
 
 Sancho-Pedro, card game 
 (caps., hyphen). 
 
 sanctum/, a retreat, pi. 
 -s; — Banotorum(Lat.), 
 a special retreat, pi. 
 sancta — (not ital.). 
 
 Sand (George, not 
 Georges), Madame Dude- 
 vant, 1804-76, Fr. writer. 
 
 sandal/, -led. 
 
 sandarach, a gum, not -ac, 
 -ak. 
 
 Sandars Reader, Camb. 
 
 Sanday (Prof.W.), 1843-, 
 theologian. 
 
 Sandeau (L. S. J.), 181 1- 
 83, Fr. writer. 
 
 Sanders (Daniel), 1819-, 
 Ger. lexicographer. 
 
 sand-paper (hyphen). 
 
 sand/piper, a bird; -stone 
 (one word). 
 
 Sandys, />ro«. sandz. 
 
 sang'de-boBuf (Fr. m.), a 
 deep-red colour. 
 
 sang-froid, self-possession 
 (hyphen, not ital.). 
 
 saii^rar(Sp.typ.),toindent. 
 
 Sanliedrin, supreme Jew- 
 ish council, not -im. 
 
 sanitary, healthy, not -ory 
 {see also sanatory). 
 
 Sankt (Ger.), saint; abbr. 
 S.,^/. SS. 
 
 sannup (Amer.-Ind.), hus- 
 band of a squaw, not -op. 
 
 sanpan, use saai'. 
 
 sansj (Fr.), without; — 
 appel, without appeal ; 
 — cSrSmonle, inform- 
 ally ; — - changer, with- 
 out changing. 
 
 Sanscrit, use Sansk-. 
 
 sans-culotte (Fr. m.), 
 ragamuffin, a revolution- 
 ist; in Eng. one word, cap. 
 
 sans doute (Fr.), without 
 doubt. 
 
 Sansevieria (bot.). 
 
 sansl facon (Fr.), inform- 
 ally; — faute, without 
 fail; — gSne, free-and- 
 easy. 
 
 Sanskrit, not -crit, abbr. 
 Skt. ; (typ.) 34 con- 
 sonants, 10 vowels, 4 diph- 
 thongs, all special forms. 
 
 "SansPareil" (H.M.S.) 
 (caps.). 
 
 sansj pareil (Fr.), un- 
 equalled ; — peine, with- 
 out difficulty ; — peur et 
 sans reprocbe, fearless 
 and blameless ; — pbrase, 
 without circumlocution. 
 
 sans serif (typ.), a type 
 without serifs, as this 
 (two words). 
 
 sansl souci (Fr.), without 
 cares; — ^acAe, stainless. 
 
 Santa (It.), female saint; 
 abbr. Sta, 
 
 Santa Claus, not — K1-. 
 
 Santa P6, Argentina, New 
 Mexico. 
 
 Santander, N. Spain (one 
 word). 
 
 Santenot,aBurgundywine. 
 
 Santos-Dumont (Alber- 
 to) > 1 873-, aeronaut. 
 
 Sa6ne/, Fr. river, pron. sOn ; 
 Haute- — , dep. (hy- 
 phen) ; — -et-IiOire, 
 ddp. (hyphens). 
 
 "Sapho," novel by Daudet, 
 opera by Gounod, 185 1. 
 
 Sappho,596B.c.-?, poetess. 
 
 S.A.B. (Fr.), Son Altesse 
 Royale (His, or Her, 
 Royal Highness) ; pi. 
 SS.AA.BB. 
 
 Sar., Sardinia, -n. 
 
 Saragossa, Spain; in Sp. 
 Zaragoza. 
 
 sarcenet, a fabric, not sars-. 
 
 sarcom/a (path.), pi. -ata. 
 
 343 
 
SARCOPHAGUS — S.C. 
 
 sarcophag/u8,/»/. -i. 
 Sardinia, in It. Sardegna; 
 
 abbr. Sar. 
 Sardou (Victorien), 
 
 1831-, Fr. dramatist. 
 Sargeaunt (J.), writer. 
 Sarg/ent (J. S.), 1856-, 
 
 painter {see also -eant). 
 sari, Ind. female garment, 
 
 not -ee, -y. 
 sarsenet, use sarc-. 
 Sarum., signature of Bp. of 
 
 Salisbury (full point). 
 S.A.S., Sodetatis Antiqua- 
 
 riorunt Socius (Fellow of 
 
 the Society of Antiquaries, 
 
 U.S.A.). 
 Saskatchewan (Bp. of). 
 sassafras (bot.),«o^ sasse-. 
 Sassenach (Gael.), an 
 
 Englishman. 
 Sat., Saturday. 
 Satan (cap.). 
 Satanic (not cap.), 
 sateen, a fabric, not satt-. 
 satlner (Fr.), to calender 
 
 paper, 
 satinet, a fabric, not -ett. 
 satire, literary work, etc. 
 
 {see also satyr), 
 satirize, not -ise. 
 satrap/, /em. -ess, Pers. 
 
 viceroy. 
 Satsuma, Jap. pottery, 
 saturater, not -or. 
 Saturday, abbr. Sat. 
 satyr (class, myth.) (see 
 
 also satire). 
 sauce piquaate (Fr. f.), 
 
 a sharp sauce, 
 Sauchiehall Street, Glas- 
 gow (two words). 
 sauclsse (Fr. f.), fresh 
 
 pork sausage. 
 saucisson (Fr. m.), large, 
 
 highly-seasoned sausage. 
 Sauerkraut (Ger. n.), 
 
 chopped and fermented 
 
 cabbage (cap.). 
 saumon (Fr. m.), salmon. 
 Saumur, a champagne. 
 saut6 (Fr.), lightly fried. 
 Sauteme, a white Bor- 
 deaux wine. 
 
 sauve qui peut (Fr.), let 
 him save himself who can. 
 
 savanna, a plain. 
 
 Savannah, Georgia, «o/-a. 
 
 savant/, pi. -s ; fem. -e,pl. 
 -es. 
 
 Savigny, a red Burgundy, 
 
 Savile/, family name of 
 Earl of Mexborough; — 
 (Baron) ; — Club, — 
 How, London; — (Sir 
 Henry), 1549-1622, 
 
 founder of Savilian chairs 
 at Oxford, not -ille. 
 
 savings bank (no apos.). 
 
 savoirj'faire (Fr.), skill, 
 tact; — -v/Fre, good 
 breeding (hyphens). 
 
 Savonarola (Q.), 1452-98, 
 It. religious reformer. 
 
 Savoyard, of Savoy. 
 
 Sax., Saxon, Saxony. 
 
 Sax (A. J.), 1814-94, in- 
 ventor of saxhorn {see 
 also Sachs, Saxe). 
 
 Saxe, in Ger. Sachsen. 
 
 Saxe (J. G.), 1816-87, 
 American writer ; — 
 (Maurice), 1696-1750, 
 Fr, marshal {see also 
 Sachs, Sax). 
 
 Saxe/-Altenburg ; — 
 -Coburg - Gotha, in 
 
 Ger. Sachsen- — ; 
 
 — -Meiningen, — 
 -"Weimar (hyphens). 
 
 saxhorn (one word). 
 
 Saxon/, -y, abbr. Sax. 
 
 Saye and Sele (Baron). 
 
 Sayyidpur, India. 
 
 S.B, (Amer.), Bachelor in 
 Science ; Sb, stibium 
 (antimony): S.B, C, 
 Southern Baptist Con- 
 vention. 
 
 S.C, South Carolina, Staff 
 Corps, Supreme Court, 
 (Lat.) Senatus Consultutn 
 (a decree of the Senate), 
 (law) same case, (paper) 
 super-calendered ; Sc,, 
 science, Scotch, Scots, 
 Scottish ; Sc, scandium ; 
 B.C. (typ.), small capitals ; 
 
 344 
 
SC. — SCHIROCCO 
 
 sc, scene, scruple ; SC, 
 (Lat.) scilicet (namely), 
 sculpsit (he, or she, carved, 
 or engraved, it). 
 
 Scafell, highest Eng. moun- 
 tain, not -el, Scaw-. 
 
 scagliola, imitation marble, 
 not seal-. 
 
 scala, surg. instrument. 
 
 Scala (La), theatre, 
 Milan. 
 
 scalable, not -cable. 
 
 scalar (math.), a real num- 
 ber ; symbol S (no point). 
 
 scaler, one who, or that 
 which, scales. 
 
 Scaliger (J. C), 1484- 
 1558; — (J. J.)r 1540- 
 1609, scholars, father and 
 son. 
 
 scaliola, use scagl-. 
 
 scallawag, a scapegrace, 
 not scala-, scally-. 
 
 scallop *, a shell, also used 
 in cook, and dress., not 
 SCO-, escalop. 
 
 scan/, -ned, -ning. 
 
 Scand., Scandinavia, -n. 
 
 scandalize, not -ise. 
 
 scandal]um magnatum 
 (Lat.), defamation of high 
 personages, pi. -a — ; 
 abbr. scan, mag, 
 
 Scandinavia/, -n, abbr. 
 Scand. 
 
 scandium, symbol Sc. 
 
 S.C.A.P.A., Society for 
 Checking the Abuses of 
 Public Advertising. 
 
 scape/goat, -grace (one 
 word). 
 
 s.caps. (typ.), small cap- 
 itals. 
 
 scarabaB/us, a beetle, not 
 -eus ; pi. -i. 
 
 Scarborough, Yorks. 
 
 Scarbrough (Earl of). 
 
 scarecrow (one word). 
 
 scarlatina, scarlet fever, 
 not scarlet-. 
 
 Scarlett, family name of 
 Baron Abinger. 
 
 scathe, to injure, «o/-ath; 
 soathless, not -eless. 
 
 Sc.S., Scientix Baccalaureus 
 
 (Bachelor of Science). 
 Sc.D., Scientix Doctor 
 
 (Doctor of Science). 
 scSlSrat (Fr. m.), a 
 
 scoundrel. 
 scenja (It., Lat.), scene 
 
 in a play or opera, pron. 
 
 shay'na ; It. pi. -e, Lat 
 
 pi. -«. 
 scenari/o, outline of a play, 
 
 pron. she-nar'io ; pl.-i, 
 scene (Fr. f.), scene, stage ; 
 
 en — , on the stage. 
 " Scenes of Clerical 
 
 Life,'* by George Eliot, 
 
 1858, not from. 
 sceptic, etc., not sk-. 
 sch., schooner. 
 Schadow (J. G.), 1764- 
 
 1850; ~ (Rudolph), 
 
 1 786-1822, sculptors. 
 Schafer (E. A.), 1850-, 
 
 physiologist. 
 Schaumburg-Lippe, 
 
 Ger. (hyphen). 
 Scheele*s-green (apos., 
 
 hyphen). 
 SchefiE'er(Ary), 1795-1858, 
 
 Fr. painter {see also 
 
 Schoe-). 
 Scheherazade, the relater 
 
 in ''The Arabian Nights." 
 Scheldt, Dutch river. 
 Schelling (P. W. J.), 
 , 1775-1854, metaph. 
 scbemja (Lat.), an outline ; 
 
 pi. -ata, 
 scherzjo (It. mus.), a play- 
 ful piece ; pron. skert'so, 
 
 pi. -/. 
 Schiedam Schnapps, 
 
 Holland gin (caps.). 
 Schiehallion, Mt., Perth. 
 Schiff (Ger. typ. n.), gal- 
 ley (cap.). 
 Schiller (J. C. P. von), 
 
 1759-1805, Ger. poet. 
 Schimmelpenninck 
 
 (Mary Ann), 1788-1856, 
 
 writer. 
 schipperke, a breed of 
 
 dogs ; pron. skip-er'kS. 
 schirocco, use si-. 
 
 345 
 
SCHIiAGER — SCOTICE 
 
 Scblager (Ger. m.), stu- 
 dent's duelling sword 
 (cap.). 
 
 Schlagint"weit, a family 
 of travellers. 
 
 Scblagwort (Ger. typ. n.), 
 catchword (cap.). 
 
 Schlechter (C), 1874-, 
 chess player. 
 
 Schleiermacher (F. E. 
 D.), 1768-1834, theol. 
 
 "Schlemihl (Peter),** 
 tale by Chamisso. 
 
 Schliemann (Heinrich), 
 1822-90, Ger. archaeol. 
 
 Scbloss (Ger. n.), a castle, 
 \ock;pl.Schl6sser {cap.). 
 
 Schlussj (Ger. m.), con- 
 clusion ; — folgt, con- 
 cluded in our next. 
 
 Scbmutztitet (Ger. typ. 
 m.), the half-title (cap.). 
 
 Scbnapps (Du.), gin, not 
 -aps. 
 
 Schoeffer (Peter), 1425- 
 1502, printer {see also 
 Sche-). 
 
 SCboUlum (Lat.), a note; 
 pi. -a, abbr. scbol, 
 
 Schomburgk (Sir R. H.), 
 1804-65, traveller. 
 
 school/, abbr. S.; — board 
 (two words). 
 
 Bchool/boy, -girl, -mas- 
 ter, -mistress, -room 
 (one word). 
 
 schooner, abbr. sch. 
 
 Schopenhauer (Arthur) , 
 1 788 -i860, metaph. 
 
 Bchottische, dance, etc., 
 wo/-ich, -ish. 
 
 Scbrlftj (Ger. f.), type; 
 -setzer, compositor ; 
 -steller, author (caps.). 
 
 Schubart (Daniel), 1739- 
 91, Ger. poet. 
 
 Schubert (Franz P.), 
 1 797-1828, composer. 
 
 Schulze-Delitzsch (H.), 
 1808-83, founder of Ger. 
 People's Banks. 
 
 Schumann (Robert), 
 1810-56, composer. 
 
 Schuyler (E.), 1840-90, 
 
 American writer ; pron. 
 
 sky'ler. 
 Schuylkill, Pennsylvania ; 
 
 proH. skool'kil. 
 Schwalka (F.), 1849-92, 
 
 Amer. traveller. 
 Schwann (Theodor), 
 
 1810-82, cell theorist. 
 scbwanpan, use sbw-. 
 Schwarz'wald, the Black 
 
 Forest. 
 Schweinfurt, Bavaria. 
 Schweinfurth (G. A.), 
 
 1836-, Afr. traveller. 
 Schweinfurth/-blue, — 
 
 -green, etc. 
 Sohweiz (die), Ger. for 
 
 Switzerland. 
 Schwyz, canton in Switz. 
 sciagraph, use skia-. 
 science, abbr. Sc. 
 SC/eJlter (Lat.), knowingly. 
 scilicet (Lat.), namely ; 
 
 abbr. SC, or scil. 
 scimitar*, not the many 
 
 variations. 
 Scinde, Ind., use Sind. 
 scintilla, a trace. 
 sciograph, use skia-. 
 scirocco, use si-, 
 scissel, scrap metal, not 
 
 -il, -lie, sizel. 
 S.C.Ii.,StudentofCivilLaw. 
 Sclav, etc., use S1-. 
 scollop, use sea-. 
 Scone, Perth ; pron. skoon. 
 scone, a soft cake, not scon, 
 
 skon ; pron. sk6n. 
 score, three-, four-, etc. 
 
 (one word), 
 scori/a, slag ; pi -ae. 
 Scot, native of Scotland 
 
 {see also Scott). 
 Scot., Scotch, Scotland, 
 
 Scottish. 
 Scotch, in Eng. and Amen, 
 
 in Scotland usually Scots, 
 
 or Scottish; abbr. Sc, 
 
 or Scot, 
 scotch, to cut, or notch. 
 Scotchman, in Eng. and 
 
 Amer., in Sc. Scotsman, 
 soot- free (hyphen). 
 Bcotice, in a Sc. manner. 
 
 346 
 
SCOTIiAND — SEA 
 
 Scotland,abbr. Scot.; N.B. 
 
 not to be used. 
 Scots/, in Scotland pre- 
 ferred to Scottish ; abbr. 
 
 So. ; — Greys, — 
 
 Guards (no apos.). 
 Scotsman, in Scotland 
 
 preferred to Scotchman. 
 Scott (Sir "Walter), 1771- 
 
 1832, writer. 
 Scotticism, a Sc. expres- 
 sion, not scoti-. 
 Scottish, not Scotish (as 
 
 in Grove's " Diet."); abbr. 
 
 Sc, or Scot, 
 scow, a flat-bottomed boat, 
 
 not skew^, skow. 
 scrabbed eggs, use 
 
 scrambled — . 
 scratch comma, short 
 
 shilling mark /, formerly 
 
 used as a comma, 
 scratch- cradle, a game, 
 
 use cat's-cradle *. 
 scratched figures, see 
 
 figures (scratched), 
 screw steamer, abbr. s.s. 
 scribes and Pharisees 
 
 (cap. P). 
 scrlpsjit (Lat.), he, or she, 
 
 wrote it ; pi. -erunt, or 
 
 -ere. 
 script (typ.), 4^A^ en 
 
 ^A 
 
 a. 
 
 script., Scripture, -al. 
 
 scriptori/um, a writing 
 room ; pi. -a. 
 
 Scriptures (the) (cap.). 
 
 scrivener's palsy (apos.). 
 
 scrot/um (anat.), pi. -a. 
 
 scruple, 20 grains ; abbr. 
 SC, sign 9. 
 
 scrutator, a scrutmeer. 
 
 scrutinj d*arrondisse- 
 ment (Fr. m.), voting for 
 a single candidate ; — de 
 llsie, ditto group of can- 
 didates. 
 
 scrutinize, not -ise. 
 
 S.C.U., Scottish Cycling 
 Union. 
 
 SCUdjO, It. coin about 
 4s. Eng. ; pi. 'J. 
 
 sculk, use sk-. 
 
 scull, oar, and form of row- 
 ing, not sk-. 
 
 sculp., sculptor, -ural, -ure. 
 
 SCUlpsjit (Lat.), he, or she, 
 engraved or carved it ; 
 pi. -erunt, or -ere; abbr. 
 sc.j or sculps. 
 
 sculptures (titles of) 
 (typ.), when cited, to be 
 roman double-quoted. 
 
 Scutari, not Sk-. 
 
 scutcheon, use escut-*. 
 
 Scylla and Charybdis. 
 
 scymitar, use scim-*. 
 
 S.D., Senior Deacon ; s.d., 
 shillings, pence (not ital.) ; 
 S.d. J sine die (indefinite- 
 ly) ; sd. (books), sewed ; 
 S. Dak., South Dakota 
 (offic. abbr.) ; S.D.F., 
 Social Democratic Feder- 
 ation ; S.D.U.K., Society 
 for the Diffusion of Useful 
 Knowledge. 
 
 S.E., south-east, South- 
 Eastern postal district of 
 London, Son Excellence 
 (Fr.) (His Excellency). 
 
 S/E., Stock Exchange. 
 
 S.E., (Fr.) Son Eminence 
 (His Eminence). 
 
 Se, selenium. 
 
 sea, when with name, to 
 be cap., as North Sea, 
 Sea of Marmora. 
 
 seafar/er, -ing (one word). 
 
 Seafieid (Earl of). 
 
 Seaford, Sussex. 
 
 Seaforde, Co. Down. 
 
 sea/-going, -gull, -kale 
 (hyphens). 
 
 Seal, Sevenoaks. 
 
 Seale, Farnham, Surrey. 
 
 sea-level (hyphen). 
 
 sealing-wax (hyphen). 
 
 seamstress, not semp-. 
 
 stance, a sitting (not ital.), 
 
 sea/port, -scape (one 
 word). 
 
 sear, not sere. 
 
 sea-serpent (hyphen). 
 
 347 
 
SEASHOBJ; — SEIi 
 
 seashore (law), the land 
 between high and low 
 water (one word). 
 
 sea-sickness (hyphen). 
 
 seaside (one word). 
 
 Sebastopol, not Sev-. 
 
 sec, secant, second, -s, 
 secretary. 
 
 sec, see secundum. 
 
 second (adj.), abbr. 2nd, 
 not 2d. 
 
 second/, -s, abbr. s., or 
 sec; — mark, " (see 
 also secnnd). 
 
 seconde (Fr. f.), a fencing 
 parry, (rail.) second class, 
 (typ.) second proof. 
 
 second-hand (hyphen). 
 
 second mark (typ.), " ; 
 also symbol for inches. 
 
 secrecy, not -sy. 
 
 sec reg., secundum regu- 
 lant (according to rule). 
 
 secretaire, a writing-table 
 (not ital.). 
 
 Secret an (Charles), 
 
 1815-95, Swiss philos- 
 opher. 
 
 secretariat, a secretary's 
 oflSce, not -ate. 
 
 Secretary, head of State 
 department (cap.). 
 
 secretary, a writer ; abbr. 
 sec. 
 
 secretory, of secretion. 
 
 section (typ.), a chapter 
 subdivision, abbr. s.,sect., 
 or § ; — mark, §, fourth 
 ref. mark for foot-notes in 
 math, works ; pi. §§. 
 
 secularize, not -ise. 
 
 secund (biol.), on one side 
 only {see also second). 
 
 Secunderabad, Ind., not 
 Sakandar-, Sikander-. 
 
 secundum j (Lat.), accord- 
 ing to, abbr. sec ; — 
 artemy ditto art, abbr. 
 sec. arL ; — legem, 
 ditto law, abbr. sec. leg. ; 
 — naturam, naturally, 
 abbr. sec nat. ; — quid, 
 in some respects only ; — 
 regulam, according to 
 
 rule, abbr. sec reg. ; 
 secundum veritatem, 
 
 universally valid. 
 se defendendo (Lat.), in 
 
 defending himself, or her- 
 self. 
 sederunt (Lat.), a meeting, 
 
 or sitting. 
 Sedgemoor, Somerset ; 
 
 — (battle of), 1685 (one 
 
 word). 
 Sedgwick (Adam), 1785- 
 
 1873, geologist {see also 
 
 Sidg-). 
 Sedlitz powder, use 
 
 Sei . 
 
 seducible. 
 
 sSduisantI (Fr.), /em. -e, 
 
 bewitching. 
 See (the Holy), the Papal 
 
 Court; see (verb), abbr. s. 
 Seeley (Sir J. R.), 1834- 
 
 95. writer. 
 Seely (Sir Charles), 
 
 1833-. 
 see-aaw (hyphen), 
 seethe, to boil, not -th. 
 Sefton (Earl of). 
 segnior, see seigneur, 
 
 signor. 
 seiche, certain lake waves ; 
 
 in Fr. seche, pron. sash. 
 Seidenpapier (Ger. n.), 
 
 tissue paper (cap.). 
 Seidlitz powder, not Sed-. 
 seigneur (Fr. m.), a person 
 
 of rank. 
 Seine/-et-Mame, et- 
 
 Oise, — -Inf6rieure, 
 
 Fr. deps. (hyphens), 
 seise (law), not -ze. 
 seisin (Sc. law), taking 
 
 possession. 
 Seitje (Ger. f.), a page. 
 
 abbr. S. ; pi. -en, abbr. 
 
 SS. (cap.). 
 SeitenzabI (Ger. f.), a 
 
 page-number (cap.). 
 seize, to grasp {see also 
 
 seise). 
 sSjour (Fr. ra.), sojourn. 
 Sekunderabad, use Sec-. 
 sel., selected. 
 sel (Fr. m.), salt. 
 
 348 
 
SEIi. — SEPTEMVIR 
 
 sel, (Ger.), selig (deceased, 
 late). 
 
 Selborne (Earl of) {see 
 also Shelbume"). 
 
 •• Selborne (Natural 
 History of),** by Gilbert 
 White, pub, 1789. 
 
 Selden Society. 
 
 selector, not -er. 
 
 selenium, symbol Se. 
 
 self-made (hyphen). 
 
 selfsame (one word). 
 
 selig (Ger.), deceased, late ; 
 abbr. sel. 
 
 selJe de mouton (Fr. f.), 
 saddle of mutton. 
 
 seller's option, abbr. s.o. 
 
 Sellindge, Hythe. 
 
 Selling, Faversham. 
 
 selon les rhgtes (Fr.), 
 according to the rules. 
 
 Selous (P. C), 1851-, Afr. 
 traveller ; pron. se-loo'. 
 
 Selsey, Sussex, not -sea. 
 
 selvedge, not -age. 
 
 Selw., Selwyn Coll., Camb. 
 
 Selwin-Ibbetson, family 
 name of Baron Rook- 
 wood. 
 
 Sem., Semitic. 
 
 sem., semicolon. 
 
 semeio/graphy, -logy, 
 -tics, science of symp- 
 toms, not semio-. 
 
 se/n/(Lat.), half; abbr. s. 
 
 semi-barbar/ian, -ic, 
 -ism, -ous (hyphen). 
 
 semicircle (one word). 
 
 semicolon (one word), 
 abbr. sem. ; in Ger. 
 Strichpunkt (see punc- 
 tuation, XXII). 
 
 semiolcgy, use semeiol-. 
 
 Semite, not Sh-. 
 
 Semitic, abbr. Sem. 
 
 semp. (It.mus.) , sempre (the 
 same style throughout). 
 
 semper] eadem (Lat. f. 
 s., and n. pl.\ always 
 the same ; — fidelis, al- 
 ways faithful, pi. — /i- 
 detes ; — idem (m. and 
 n. sing.), always the same. 
 
 Sempill (Baron). 
 
 sempre (It. mus.), the 
 
 same style throughout ; 
 
 abbr. semp. 
 sempstress, use seams-. 
 Sen., Senate, -or, senior. 
 sen, (It.), senza (without). 
 sen, Vioo of Jap. gold yen : 
 
 about ^/s Eng. penny. 
 Senat/e, -or, abbr. Sen. 
 SenatUS (Lat.) , the Senate. 
 Senatus Academicus, 
 
 the governing body in Sc. 
 
 universities (notital.). 
 Senatus Consultum, a 
 
 decree of the Senate ; 
 
 abbr. S.C. 
 S6n6gal, Fr. W. Afr.; in 
 
 Eng. no accents. 
 senliorj (Port.), Mr. ; /em. 
 
 -a. 
 senior, abbr. sen. 
 seniores priores (Lat.), 
 
 elders first. 
 se non d vera, e ben 
 
 trovato (It.), if it be not 
 
 true, it is well invented. 
 sehorf (Sp.), Mr. ; -es, 
 
 Messrs. ; -a, Mrs. ; -ita. 
 
 Miss. 
 sensible, in Fr. sensJS, 
 
 fern. '6e. 
 sensible (Fr.), sensitive. 
 sensorijum (Lat.), pi. -a. 
 sensualize, not -ise. 
 sentimentalize, not -ise. 
 senza (It.), without ; abbr. 
 
 sen. 
 S.e.O,0, (Fr.), sauf erreur 
 
 OH omission (errors or 
 
 omissions excepted). 
 Seoul, cap. of Korea, not 
 
 Seul, Soul. 
 separator, not -er. 
 separatrix (typ.), the 
 
 diagonal stroke, used in 
 
 proof correction to mark 
 
 and separate alterations, 
 separat/um (typ.), a 
 
 reprint of one of a series 
 
 of papers ; pi, -a. 
 sepoy (not cap.). 
 Sept., September, Septua- 
 
 gint, not Sep. 
 septemvirj (Lat.), pi. -/. 
 
 349 
 
SEPTICEMIA — SEXAGESIMA 
 
 septioaemia, blood-poison- 
 ing, not -emia. 
 
 septimana (Lat.), a week. 
 
 Septuagesima Sunday, 
 third before Lent. 
 
 Septuagint/, abbr. Sept. ; 
 — Version, abbr. TiXX 
 (no point). 
 
 sept/um, pi. -a. 
 
 Sepulchre (Church of 
 St.), not -'s. 
 
 sepultus (Lat.), buried ; 
 abbr. S. 
 
 seq., sequens (the follow- 
 ing), sequente (and in 
 what follows), sequitur 
 (it follows) ; seqq., se- 
 quenteSj sequentia (the fol- 
 lowing), sequentibus (in 
 the following places). 
 
 sequelja (Lat.), a result; 
 pi. -as. 
 
 sequenjs (Lat. m. f. n. 
 sing.), the following, abbr. 
 seq, ; 'te, and in what 
 follows, abbr. seq, ; 'tes 
 (Lat. m. and f. pi.), 
 'iia (n.pl.), the following, 
 abbr. seqq, ; -tibuSy in 
 the following places, abbr. 
 seqq, 
 
 sequitur (LsLt.), it follows ; 
 abbr. seq. 
 
 S.E.R., South-Eastern 
 
 Railway, now S.E. & 
 C.R. 
 
 sSracI (Fr. m.), of a glacier ; 
 pi. -s. 
 
 seraglio/, a harem ; pron. 
 se-ral'yo, pi. -a. 
 
 seraph/, pi. -a ; Heb. pi. 
 -im, not -ims. 
 
 Serb., Serbian. 
 
 sere, use sear. 
 
 serecloths, use cere-*. 
 
 serge, large candle, use 
 cierge*. 
 
 Sergeant, use Seij-. 
 
 Sergeant (Mi aa Adeline), 
 writer (see also Sarg-). 
 
 seriatim (Lat.), serially. 
 
 series, abbr. S. 
 
 serif (typ.), the short fine 
 lines at the ends of the 
 
 terminating strokes of 
 rom. and ital. type. 
 
 Seringapatam, Mysore. 
 
 serio-comic (hyphen). 
 
 Seijeant, not Serg- ; abbr. 
 Seij. 
 
 sermonize, not -ise. 
 
 serra (Port.), sierra, moun- 
 tain range. 
 
 ser/um,/>/. -a. 
 
 Serv., Servia, -n. 
 
 serviceable, not -cable. 
 
 serviette (Fr.f.),a napkin, 
 a towel (not itaL). 
 
 servitor, not -er. 
 
 sesquipedalia verba 
 (Lat.), very long words. 
 
 sess., session. 
 
 Session (Court of), su- 
 preme Sc. Court, not 
 
 Sessions ; — (Parlia- 
 mentary) (caps.). 
 
 sestet, not sex-. 
 
 set, abbr. s. 
 
 set-off (typ.), the transfer 
 of ink from one printed 
 sheet to another (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 Settlement (Stock Ex.) 
 (cap.). 
 
 settler, one who settles 
 {see settlor). 
 
 settlor (law), one who 
 makes a settlement {see 
 settler). 
 
 88t-up (typ.), to compose 
 (hyphen). 
 
 Setzer {G&r. typ. m.),a com- 
 positor; Sete/ei!l/er(m.), 
 a printer's error. 
 
 Seul, Korea, use Seoul. 
 
 Ssvastopol, use Seb-. 
 
 Sevenoaks, Kent (one 
 word). 
 
 S6vign6 (Madame de), 
 1626-96, Fr. writer. 
 
 Sdvres porcelain. 
 
 sewed (binding), books 
 sewed and pasted in paper 
 covers ; abbr. sd. 
 
 sewin, salmon-trout, not 
 -en. 
 
 Sexagesima Sunday, 
 the second before Lent. 
 
 350 
 
SEXTERN — SHEPPEY 
 
 sextem (typ.)? six sheets 
 of paper. 
 
 sextet, use ses-. 
 
 sexto (typ.), a book in 
 which the sheets are 
 folded into six (a half- 
 sheet of twelves), usually 
 9X7Va Jn., abbr. 6to; 
 sexto- deoimo, ditto into 
 sixteen, usually 7x5 in. 
 (hyphen), abbr. 16ino, 
 read sixteenmo. 
 
 sexualize, not -ise. 
 
 S.P.A., Scottish Football 
 Association. 
 
 sfbrzjando, -ato (It. 
 mus.), with sudden em- 
 phasis on a chord or note ; 
 abbr. sfz. 
 
 S.G., Solicitor-General. 
 
 Sgauarelle, a character 
 in Moliere's comedies. 
 
 B.g.d.g. (Fr.), sans garantie 
 du gouvemement (with- 
 out Government guar- 
 antee). 
 
 sgrafiato (art.) 
 
 *s Qravenhage, Dutch for 
 The Hague. 
 
 shadoof, Egypt, water- 
 raising apparatus, not -uf. 
 
 shagreen, tanned skin of 
 fish, sharks, etc. 
 
 Shahabad, Bengal, Bom- 
 bay, Kashmir, Punjab. 
 
 Shairp (Prin. J. C), 
 1819-85, writer. 
 
 Shakespear/e (William) , 
 1564- 16 16, abbr. Shak. ; 
 -ean, not the many varia- 
 tions. 
 
 Shakespeare Society 
 (the), but the ISTew 
 Shakspere Society. 
 
 shako/, mil. head-dress, not 
 sch- ; pi. -s. 
 
 shallot*, a kind of onion, 
 not esch-, sch-, schalot. 
 
 shammy - leather, use 
 chamois *. 
 
 shandrydan, a rickety 
 conveyance, «o/-dery-. 
 
 Shanghai, China. 
 
 shan't (typ.), to be close 
 
 up, one apos. only, first 
 
 omission being unmarked, 
 shapeable, not -pable. 
 shareholder (one word). 
 sharp (mus.), sign %. 
 Sharp (Becky), in ' ' Vanity 
 
 Fair" ; — (Granville), 
 
 1734-1813, abolitionist ; 
 
 — (James), 1618-79, 
 
 architect. 
 Sharpe(C.K.),i78i-i85i, 
 
 virtuoso; — (Samuel), 
 
 1 799-1881, Bib. scholar. 
 shaykh, use sheikh, 
 sheaf,/*/, sheaves, 
 shear, to cut {see also 
 
 sheer), 
 shearwater, a bird (one 
 
 word). 
 sheath (noun). 
 sheathe (verb). 
 shebeen (Irish), unlicensed 
 
 house selling spirits, 
 sheer-hulk, not shear-. 
 Sheer Thursday, not 
 
 Shere — . 
 sheet (typ.), one of the 
 
 separate pieces of definite 
 
 size in which paper is 
 
 made, 
 sheets (in) (typ.), not 
 
 folded, or if folded not 
 
 bound. 
 Sheffield (Earl of), 
 sheikh (Arab.), a chief, 
 
 not -ik, -yk. 
 shekarry, use shikaree. 
 Shelburne (Earl of) {see 
 
 also Selborne). 
 sheldrake, not shell-, 
 shellac, a gum, not -ack, 
 
 shelac, shelack. 
 Shelley (Percy Bysshe), 
 
 1792-1822, poet, 
 shelv/e, -ing, -y. 
 Shemite, use Semite. 
 Shepheard*sHotel,Cairo. 
 Shepherd's Bush, Lon- 
 don. 
 shepherd's/ dog,— purse 
 
 (apos.). 
 Sheppard (Jack), 1702- 
 
 24, highwayman. 
 Sheppey (Isle of). 
 
 351 
 
SHEPTON" — SIDE 
 
 SheptonMallet,Somerset. 
 Sheraton (Thomas^, 
 
 1 751-1806, furniture 
 
 designer. 
 Sherborn (C. Davies), 
 
 author of " Index Ani- 
 
 malium"; — (C. W.), 
 
 engraver. 
 Sherborne (Baron). 
 Sherborne, Dorset, Glos. 
 Sherbourne, Warwick. 
 Sherburn, Dur, Yorks. 
 Shere Thursday, use 
 
 Sheer — . 
 sberif, Mohammedan title, 
 
 not -eef. 
 sheriff, county officer. 
 Sherpnr, India. 
 shew, use show except in 
 
 Sc. law, and Bib. and 
 
 Prayer Book citations. 
 shewbread, except in 
 
 Scrip, use show-, 
 sheyk, use sheikh, 
 shieling. Highland hut. 
 Shifhal, Salop. 
 Shiites, followers of Ali. 
 shikaree (Ind.), a hunter, 
 
 not the many variations ; 
 
 pron. shi-kar^6. 
 Shikarpnr, India. 
 shillelagh, Irish cudgel, 
 
 not the many variations, 
 shilling/, -s, abbr. s. (not 
 
 ital.) or I- ; — mark 
 
 (typ.),/- 
 shilly-shally/, -ing. 
 sbintiyaa, loose trousers 
 
 of Moslem women. 
 Shinto/, -ism, indigenous 
 
 Jap.religion,no/Sintoo,-u. 
 sMp/building, -owner, 
 
 -shape (one word). 
 ships* names (typ.), to be 
 
 roman double-quoted, and 
 
 not italic. 
 Shipston - on - Stour, 
 
 Worcs (hyphens). 
 Shire/brook, Derby ; 
 
 -coates, Notts ; -hamp- 
 
 ton, Glos ; -newton, 
 
 Mon (one word), 
 shoe/, -ing. 
 Sholapiir, Bombay. 
 
 Shooter's Hill, Kent, 
 short/ and (typ.), the 
 
 ampersand, & ; — letters, 
 
 a, e, etc. 
 short/ ton, 2000 lb. ; abbr. 
 
 s.t.; — vowel (typ.), d, /, 
 
 etc. 
 shoulder - notes (typ.), 
 
 marginal notes at the top 
 
 outer corner of the page. 
 shouldst (typ.), to be close 
 
 up, no apos. 
 shovel/, -led, -ler, -ling, 
 
 -ful, pi. -fuls. 
 show, see shew, 
 showbread, shew- only 
 
 in Scrip. 
 showroom (one word). 
 shrillness, 
 shrivel/, -led, -ling. 
 Shropshire, abbr. Salop 
 
 (no point). 
 Shrovetide, from the Sat. 
 
 evening before to Ash- 
 Wednesday morning. 
 S.H.S., Societatis Historix 
 
 Socius (Fellow of the 
 
 Historical Society). 
 shumac, use sumac. 
 S.h.v., sub hac voce or hoc 
 
 verbo (under this word). 
 sbwanpan, Ch\nQs& abacus, 
 shy/, -ly, -ness, not shi-. 
 S.I., Sandwich Islands, 
 
 Seine-Inferieure, Staten 
 
 Island (N.Y.). 
 Si, silicon. 
 
 sialogogue, no/ siala-. 
 Sib., Siberia, -n. 
 sibilant, 
 sibyl/, a prophetess ; -line 
 
 {see also Sybil). 
 Sic, Sicily, -ian. 
 [s/c] (Lat.), thus, so (print 
 
 in brackets). 
 sice, use syce. 
 slclllenne (a /a), (Fr.), 
 
 in Sicilian style (not cap.). 
 sic passim (Lat.), thus, 
 
 here and there. 
 Sicut ante (Lat.), as before, 
 side-notes (typ.), those in 
 
 the outer margin, same as 
 
 marginal notes (hyphen). 
 
 35a 
 
SIDEWALK — SIN" 
 
 sidewalk, the footpath 
 (one word). 
 
 Sidgwick (Henry), 1838- 
 1900, writer on ethics 
 {see also Se-). 
 
 Sidi, a negro, not Siddee, 
 Seedy. 
 
 sihcle (Fr. m.), century ; 
 abbr. s. 
 
 Siegfried, a " Nibelungen- 
 lied " hero, not Sig-. 
 
 siehe (Ger.), see ; abbr. 8. 
 
 Sienkiewlcz (Henryk), 
 1846-, Polish writer. 
 
 Sienna, in It. Siena. 
 
 siesta/ (Sp.), pi. -s. 
 
 Sieveking (Sir E. H.), 
 1816-1904, physician. 
 
 Si faiti (Fr.), yes, indeed ! 
 
 Sig., Signor, -i. 
 
 sig., signature. 
 
 Sigfried, use Sieg-. 
 
 Sigilllum (Lat.), a seal ; pi 
 -a,pron. si-jiF-. 
 
 sign/, -ed, abbr. s. 
 
 signal/, -ize, -led, -ler, 
 -Ung, -ly. 
 
 signatory, not -ary. 
 
 signature/ (mus.), the key 
 sign at beginning of the 
 stave ; (typ.) to an article 
 or document, usually in 
 caps, and s.caps. ; — of 
 sheets, usually s.caps. at 
 foot of first page of sheet, 
 three ems from eitherside, 
 or in centre. Begin text 
 with B, and omit j, v, w. 
 When the alphabet is 
 exhausted, duplicate the 
 letters as 2 a, 3 a, etc. 
 The American plan of 
 numbering the sheets i, 
 2, 3, etc., is recom- 
 mended ; it is simpler, 
 and has been adopted 
 in many recent English 
 books. Abbr. sig. 
 
 signed, abbr. s. 
 
 Signorl (It.), Mr., pi -/, 
 abbr. Sig. ; -a, Mrs., pi 
 -e; -ina. Miss,/)/, -inc. 
 
 signs, see ecclesiastical, 
 proof corr. marks, etc. 
 
 Sikanderabad, India, use 
 Secund-. 
 
 Sikes (Bill), in "Oliver 
 Twist," not Sy-. 
 
 Sikkim, E. Himalayas. 
 
 Silbe (Ger. f.), syllable 
 (cap.). 
 
 siliceous, not -ious. 
 
 silicon, symbol Si. 
 
 sillabub, not silli-, sy-. 
 
 Sillery, a champagne. 
 
 sillometer, a speed 
 measurer, not silo-. 
 
 silvan, use sy-. 
 
 silver, symbol Ag {ar- 
 gentum). 
 
 s*II vous plait (Fr.), if you 
 please ; abbr. s.v.p. 
 
 S.I.M., Serjeant Instructor 
 of Musketry. 
 
 simile/, a resemblance ; pi 
 -s, not -ies. 
 
 simile (It. mus.), in the 
 same manner. 
 
 simllla simlllbus curan- 
 tar (Lat.), like cures like. 
 
 similiter (Lat.), in like 
 manner. 
 
 simitar, use scimitar*. 
 
 Simla, Punjab. 
 ■ Simms ( W. G.), 1806-70, 
 American writer {see also 
 Sims). 
 
 simoom, not -oon. 
 
 Simpkin, Marshall, & 
 Co., Ltd., booksellers, 
 London. 
 
 Simpllclter (Lat.), abso- 
 lutely, without qualifica- 
 tion. 
 
 Simpson (Sir J. Y.), 
 181 1-70, first used chloro- 
 form as anaesthetic ; — 
 (Thomas), 1710-61, 
 math, (see also Simson). 
 
 Sims (Q. K.), 1847-, 
 pen-name " Dagonet " 
 {see also Simms). 
 
 Simson (Robert), 1687- 
 1768, editor of "Euclid" 
 (5^^ also Simpson). 
 
 slmulacrjum (Lat.), an 
 image ; pi -a, 
 
 sin, sine (no point). 
 353 23 
 
SIN. — SKAGEB 
 
 sin. (It. mus.), sinistra 
 (left hand). 
 
 Sind, Bombay, not -e, -h, 
 Scinde. 
 
 Sindbad, the sailor, not 
 Sinb-. 
 
 Sindhia of Gwalior 
 (Maharajah), 
 
 Sindi/, Sind native ; pi. -S. 
 
 Bine (math.), abbr. sin. 
 
 sinej (Lat.), without ; — 
 anno, without the date, 
 abbr. s.a. ; — cura, 
 without office ; — die, 
 without a day (being 
 named), abbr. s.d. ; — 
 dubiOf — doubt ; — 
 invidia, — envy; — 
 ioco, anno, vei nom- 
 ine, — place, year, or 
 name, abbr. s.l.a.n, ; — 
 ioco et anno, — place 
 and date (said of books 
 without imprints) ; — 
 mora, — delay ; — 
 nomine, — (printer's) 
 name, abbr. S.n. — odio, 
 — hatred ; — prole, — 
 issue, abbr. S.p. ; — qua 
 non, an indispensable 
 condition, not — qua — . 
 
 sing., singular. 
 
 Singalcademie, Berlin 
 (f., one word, cap.). 
 
 Singalese, use Cin- *. 
 
 Singapore, Straits Settle- 
 ments. 
 
 Singapur, Madras {see also 
 Singh-). 
 
 sing/e, -ed, -eing. 
 
 Singh, Ind. title, as Ran- 
 jit Singh, not -ng. 
 
 Singhalese, use Cinga-*. 
 
 Singhpur, Bombay, and 
 Central Pro v. {see also 
 Singa-). 
 
 singiilatJm (Lat.), one 
 by one. 
 
 singular, abbr. s., or 
 sing. 
 
 Sinhalese, use Cinga-*. 
 
 sinistra (It. mus.), left 
 hand ; abbr. S., or sin, 
 
 Minus, a fold ; pi. same. 
 
 Sioux, N. Amer. Indian; 
 pi. same, pron. soo. 
 
 siphon, not sy-. 
 
 siquis (Lat.), if anyone. 
 
 Sir, (typ.) for printed let- 
 ters to be indented one 
 em ; if a line by itself, 
 caps, and s.caps. (cap., 
 comma, no dash). 
 
 Sirdar, commander of 
 Egyptian army. 
 
 siren, a sea nymph, also 
 steam whistle, not sy-. 
 
 sirocco, not sc-. 
 
 sirup, use sy-. 
 
 sister-in-law (hyphens). 
 
 Sistine Chapel, etc., not 
 Six-. 
 
 Sisyph/us, -ean. 
 
 sit (Lat.), let it be so. 
 
 Sitapur, Oudh. 
 
 situs (Lat. s. and pi.), a site. 
 
 Siwalik Hills, India, not 
 Siv-. 
 
 Six Mile Bottom, Cambs 
 (three words). 
 
 Sixmilebridge, Co. Clare 
 (one word). 
 
 sixte, a fencing parry, etc. 
 
 sixteenmo (typ.), a book 
 with sixteen leaves to the 
 sheet, usually about 7x5 
 in. (one word), a sexto- 
 decimo; abbr. 16mo. 
 
 sixty-fourmo(typ.), abook 
 with sixty-four leaves to 
 the sheet, usually about 
 3V2X2V4 in. (hyphen); 
 abbr. 64mo (no point). 
 
 sizable, not -eable. 
 
 sizar, an assisted student. 
 
 size copy (binding), a 
 dummy of blank paper 
 to show size of bound 
 book. 
 
 sizes of type, see type, 
 and the various names. 
 
 S. J., Society of Jesus (Je- 
 suits). 
 
 S.J.C. (U.S.A.), Supreme 
 Judicial Court. 
 
 Skager-Rack, North Sea 
 (caps., hyphen), not the 
 many variations. 
 
 354 
 
SKEAN — S.M J). 
 
 skean-dhu, Scotch dirk. 
 
 skee, see ski. 
 
 skein, of silk, etc., not -ain, 
 
 -ean. 
 skeleton type, » face of type 
 
 wicb *.>iiTi light iiues, as this. 
 
 skeptic, use sc-. 
 
 Skerryvore lighthouse. 
 
 ski/, a runner attached to 
 the foot for snow, not 
 skee; pi. -B,pron. skee. 
 
 skiagraph. X-ray photo- 
 graph, not scia-, scio-, 
 skio-. 
 
 ski-ing, using skis (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 skilful, not skill-. 
 
 skinflint, a miser (one 
 word). 
 
 skiver (binding), the grain 
 side of a split sheep- 
 skin. 
 
 Skt., Sanskrit. 
 
 skulk, not SC-. 
 
 skull, to row, use sc-. 
 
 skull-less (hyphen, 3 /'s). 
 
 Skuptschina, Servian 
 National Assembly. 
 
 Skutari, use Sc-. 
 
 Skye terrier (cap. S). 
 
 skyey, not skiey. 
 
 S.Xj., serjeant-at-law. 
 
 slaked lime, not slack . 
 
 Slamannan, Stirlingshire 
 
 (3 «'s). 
 
 S,l.a.n., stne loco, anno, vel 
 nomine (without place, 
 date, or name). 
 
 slap-dash, oflf-hand (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 S. lat., south latitude. 
 
 Slatin (Sir Rudolf C), 
 1857-, — Slatin Pasha 
 — Insp.-Gen. of Sudan. 
 
 Slav/ic, -onian, -onic, of 
 the Slavs, not Sc- ; abbr. 
 Slav (no point). 
 
 sld., sailed. 
 
 sled, sledge, a sleigh for 
 merchandise. 
 
 sleigh, a carriage on run- 
 ners for snow. 
 
 sleight, of hand, not sli-. 
 
 sleuth-hound (hyphen). 
 
 slew round, use slue — . 
 
 slip proofs, see proof, 
 galley or slip. 
 
 slipshod (one word). 
 
 Sloan (Tod), Am er. jockey. 
 
 Sloane (Sir Hans), 1660- 
 1753, naturalist. 
 
 sloid, manual training, not 
 -jd, -yd. 
 
 sloping fractions (typ.), 
 those with an oblique 
 stroke as ^2 (^^^ ^^•so frac- 
 tions). 
 
 sloth (200I.). 
 
 Slough, near Windsor ; 
 pron. as in how. 
 
 slough, to shed ; pron. sluf. 
 
 sloyd, use sloid. 
 
 S,I.p,j sine legititna prole 
 (without lawful issue). 
 
 slu/e round, to rotate, not 
 slew — ; -ing. 
 
 slyly, not sli-. 
 
 slype, the passage between 
 south transept and chap- 
 ter house. 
 
 S.M., Senior Magistrate, 
 Serjeant- or Staff-Major, 
 Short Metre, Sons of 
 Malta, State MiHtia, (Fr.) 
 Sa Majeste\ (Ger.) Seine 
 Majestdt, (It.) Sua Maestd, 
 (Sp.) Su Magestad (His 
 Majesty). 
 
 Sm, samarium. 
 
 small capitals, see capi- 
 tals (small). 
 
 small paper (typ.), the 
 ordinary copies of a book 
 of which a large-paper 
 edition is issued ; abbr. 
 S.P. 
 
 small pica (typ.), a size 
 of type as this. Ten 
 and a half point and 
 seven hnes to the 
 inch ; abbr. s.p. 
 
 smallpox (one word). 
 
 Smalls, Oxford " Respon- 
 sions" Examination. 
 
 S.M.D. (mus.). Short Metre 
 Double. 
 355 23* 
 
S.M.E. — SOL. 
 
 S.M.E., Sanda Mater 
 
 Ecclesia (Holy Mother 
 
 Church), School of Mili- 
 tary Engineering. 
 Smelfungus, Sterne's 
 
 name for Smollett (one /). 
 smelling-salts (hyphen). 
 smell-less (hyphen). 
 smelt, not smelled. 
 smelt, a small sea fish {see 
 
 also smolt). 
 S.M.I. (Fr.), Sa Majeste 
 
 Imperiale (His, or Her, 
 
 Imperial Majesty). 
 Smijth(Sir W. Bowyer-), 
 
 1840-. 
 Smith (Sir Sidney), 1764- 
 
 1840, defend, of St. Jean 
 
 d'Acre ; — (Sydney), 
 
 1771-1845, wit. 
 Smithsonian Institu- 
 tion, Washington, U.S. A. ; 
 
 abbr. Smith. Inst. 
 S.M.M., Sancta Mater Maiia 
 
 (Holy Mother Mary). 
 smok/e, -able, -y. 
 Smollett (Tobias G.), 
 
 I72i(?)-7i, writer, 
 smolt, a young salmon {see 
 
 also smelt), 
 smooth/, -s, not -e, -es. 
 smoulder, not smol-. 
 S.m.p., sine mascula prole 
 
 (without male issue). 
 S.M.S. (Ger.), Seiner Ma- 
 
 jestdtSchiff{}iiis Majesty's 
 
 Ship). 
 Smyrniot, of Smyrna. 
 Smyth (Sir H. A.), 1825-, 
 
 General. 
 Smythe(Sir J.W.), 1827-. 
 Sn, stannum (tin). 
 S,n,, sine nomine (without 
 
 name). 
 snapdragon (one word), 
 snead, a scythe handle, not 
 
 the many variations. 
 Sneyd, />ro«. sneed. 
 snipe, sing, and plural. 
 snivel/, -led, -ling, 
 snow (naut), abbr. s. 
 S.O., Stationery Office, 
 
 sub-office. 
 8.0., seller's option. 
 
 356 
 
 So-and-so (Mr.), (cap., 
 h3'phens). 
 
 Soane's (Sir John) mu- 
 seum. 
 
 Sobranje, Bulgarian Na- 
 tional Assembly, not -ye. 
 
 sobriquet, not soub- (not 
 ital.); pron. so'bre-ka. 
 
 Soc, Society, Socrates. 
 
 so-called (hyphen only in 
 adjectival form). 
 
 Socialist (cap.) ; abbr. (Si) 
 
 socialize, not -ise. 
 
 SOCiSUj (Fr. f.), society; 
 
 — anonyme, limited 
 liability company ; So- 
 ci6ti des Bibliophiles 
 francoiSy founded 1820, 
 not franfais (I.e./). 
 
 Society, abbr. S., or Soc. 
 
 sociol., sociology. 
 
 Soc. Isl., Society Islands. 
 
 SOCiusj (Lat.), Fellow, As- 
 sociate, abbr. S. ; — cri- 
 tnittis, associate in crime. 
 
 Socotra, Indian Ocean, not 
 -ora, Sok-. 
 
 Socrates, 469-399 b.c, not 
 Sok-. 
 
 sodium, symbol Na {na- 
 trium). 
 
 Sodom and Gomor/rah, 
 Old T. ; in New T. -rha. 
 
 Sodor and Man (Bp. of). 
 
 saeur de ciiaritS (Fr. f.), 
 a Sister of Mercy. 
 
 soffit, under-surface of 
 arch. 
 
 Soja, use Sufi. 
 
 S. of M., School of Mus- 
 ketry ; S. of T., Sons of 
 Temperance. 
 
 SOftat Moham. student. 
 
 sogenannt (Ger.), so- 
 called ; abbr. sog. 
 
 soi-disant, self-styled (hy- 
 phen, not ital.). 
 
 soiree/, an evening party; 
 
 — dansante, ditto with 
 dancing ; — musicale, 
 ditto music (not ital.). 
 
 Sokrates, use Soc-. 
 Sol (Lat.), the sun (cap.), 
 Sol., Solomon. 
 
SOL. — SOUTH 
 
 sol., solicitor, solution, 
 solan goose, the gannet, 
 
 not -andf -en, -ent. 
 solati/um (Lat.), compen- 
 sation ; pi. -a. 
 sola topee (Ind.), a sun 
 
 helmet, not solar-. 
 soldjo, It. halfpenny ; pi. -/. 
 solecize, not -ise. 
 solemnize, not -ise. 
 solen, a mollusc. 
 sol-fa (mus.) (hyphen). 
 Solicitor-General (caps., 
 
 hyphen); abbr.Sol.-Gen. 
 solicitude, in Fr. f. soil-. 
 solid (typ.), matter set 
 
 without leads. 
 SOlidarltS (Fr. f.), soli- 
 darity. 
 solid/us (Lat.), shilling ; 
 
 pi. -i, abbr. s. (not ital.) ; 
 
 (typ.) the shiUing stroke,/; 
 
 also used for fractions, 
 soliloquize, not -ise. 
 solmization (mus.), not 
 
 -sation. 
 sol/o, abbr. S. ; pi. -03, It. 
 
 mus. pi. -/. 
 soil US (theat.), fern, -a, 
 
 alone. 
 solvable, not -eable, -ible. 
 Somaliland (one word). 
 somebody, somehow 
 
 (one word). 
 some one (two words). 
 Somerby, Leics, Lines, 
 somersault, not -set. 
 Somersby, Lines, birth- 
 place of Tennyson, 
 some/thing, -what, 
 
 -where (one word). 
 somme (Fr. m.), sleep; (f.) 
 
 a sum. 
 Son (the), as Deity (cap.)i 
 son, abbr. s. 
 sonata/ (mus.), pi. -s. 
 Sondes (Earl, not of). 
 Song of Solomon, abbr. 
 
 Song of Sol. 
 songs (titles of) (typ.), 
 
 when cited, to be rorfian 
 
 double-quoted, 
 son-in-law (hyphens) ; pi. 
 
 sons- . 
 
 Sonnenschein&Co., Ltd. 
 
 (Swan), publishers, Lon- 
 don (no point after 
 
 Swan). 
 Son of/ God, Man 
 
 (caps.). 
 soochong, use sou-, 
 soofee, use suii. 
 S.O.P., Staff Officer of 
 
 Pensioners. 
 Sop., soprano, -s. 
 sophomore (U.S.), second- 
 year student, not sophi-. 
 sopra (It.), above; come 
 
 — , as above, 
 sopran/o (mus.), Eng. />/. 
 
 -OS, It. pi. -/; abbr. S., 
 
 or Sop. 
 Sorbonne (Palais de la), 
 
 Paris. 
 s'orienter (Fr.), to take 
 
 one's bearings, to gain 
 
 information about. 
 sorrel (bot.), not -ell. 
 SO-SO, passable (hyphen). 
 SOttOJ (It.), under ; — voce, 
 
 in an undertone, pron. 
 
 vo'chg. 
 souj (Fr. m.), halfpenny, 
 
 pi. 'S ; gros — , penny, 
 soubrette, maid-servant. 
 soubriquet, use sob-, 
 souchong, a tea, not soo-. 
 Soudan/, -ese, use Sud-. 
 SOUfflS (Fr. m.), very light 
 
 milk pudding. 
 souffleur (Fr. m.), theat. 
 
 prompter. 
 Soult (K".-J. de D.), 1769- 
 
 185 1, Fr. marshal. 
 soup con, a taste, a very 
 
 small quantity (not ital.). 
 SOUpe (Fr. f.), broth. 
 soupe de Vlade (Fr. f.), 
 
 mulligatawny soup. 
 souper (Fr. m.), supper, 
 
 not -pe. 
 souris (Fr. m.), smile ; (f.) 
 
 mouse, 
 south/, -em, abbr. S. (see 
 
 also compass). 
 South Africa/, -n, abbr. 
 
 S.A. ; — America/, 
 -n, abbr. S. Amer. ; 
 
 357 
 
SOUTH — SPHI]S^X 
 
 South Australia/, -n, 
 abbr. S. Austral.; — 
 Carolina, S.C. ; — Da- 
 kota, S.Dak. (off.). 
 
 Southdo^wn, sheep and 
 mutton (one word). 
 
 South Downs, Hants, etc. 
 (two words). 
 
 south-east (hyphen), abbr. 
 S.E. (5^^ also compass). 
 
 southern, abbr. S. 
 
 Southey (Kobert), 1774- 
 1843, Poet Laureate. 
 
 Southwark, or "The 
 Borough," Surrey; pron. 
 sCith'erk {th soft). 
 
 Southwell (Bp. of), pron. 
 suth'el {th soft). 
 
 south- west(hyphen),abbr. 
 S. W. {see also compass). 
 
 sou'wester, sailor's hat. 
 
 sovereign/, -s, abbr. sov. 
 
 Soyer (Alexis), 1809-58, 
 
 chef. 
 
 S.P. (typ.), small paper, or 
 the ordinary copies of a 
 book of which a large- 
 paper edition is issued. 
 
 Sp., Spain, Spanish. 
 
 sp., specieSjSpecimen, spirit. 
 
 S.p., short page, small pica 
 (type), starting price ; 
 S.p., sine prole (without 
 issue). 
 
 spaces (typ.), blanks for 
 placing between letters, 
 words, or lines. 
 
 spadeful/, pi. -s. 
 
 spahee,Turk. horse-soldier, 
 not -hi. 
 
 Spain, abbr. Sp. 
 
 spandrel (arch.), «o/-il. 
 
 Spanish, abbr. Sp. ; (typ.) 
 alphabet consists of 27 let- 
 ters, including the sounds 
 cA, //, and «, but does not 
 include k and w. II and 
 rr must not be separated. 
 The portion carri^ over 
 to begin with a consonant. 
 Notes of exclam. and in- 
 terrog. are inverted before 
 and upright after their 
 phrases. Caps, much less 
 
 used than in Eng. n must 
 
 never be substituted for fl. 
 
 Small caps, and italic as in 
 
 Eng. Accents are much 
 
 used. 
 Spanish n (;1), " curly «," 
 
 or "« with the tilde"; 
 
 pron. as ni in onion. 
 S.P.A.S., Societatis Philo- 
 
 sophtge Americanae, Socius 
 
 (Fellow of the Amer. 
 
 Philosophical Society). 
 S.P.C., Society for the 
 
 Prevention of Crime ; 
 
 S.P.C.K., Society for 
 
 Promoting Christian 
 
 Knowledge. 
 spec, special, -ly, specific, 
 
 -ally, -ation, spectrum. 
 SpicialitS (Fr. f.), a spec- 
 iality (ital.). 
 speciality, not -Ity. 
 specialize, not -ise. 
 species, 5i«^. and/)/. ; abbr. 
 
 sp. {see also botany, 
 
 zoology), 
 specific gravity, abbr. sp. 
 
 gr. ; (typ.) put in figures, 
 specimen, abbr. sp. 
 spectr/um, pi. -a; abbr. 
 
 spec, 
 speculat/e, -or. 
 specul/um, />/. -a. 
 speech (break in), see 
 
 punctuation, X. 
 spelaean, cave-dwelling, 
 
 not -can. 
 spelt, not spelled. 
 spence, a larder, not -se. 
 spencer, an overcoat. 
 Spencer (Earl, not of). 
 Spen/cer(Herbert), 1820- 
 
 i903,philos. ; adj.-cerian. 
 Spen/ser (Edmund), 
 
 1552-99, poet ; adj. 
 
 -serian. 
 spew, to vomit, not spue. 
 Spezia, Italy, not Spezz-. 
 Spezzia, Greece. " 
 S.P.G-., Society for the 
 
 Propagation of the Gospel, 
 sp. gr., specific gravity. 
 spherical, abbr. s. 
 sphinx/, not sphy- ; pi. -es. 
 
 358 
 
SPICK — S.S.C. 
 
 spick-and-span, adj. (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 Spiegeleisen (Ger. n.), 
 specular iron. 
 
 spinach, not -age. 
 
 spinney, a thicket, not -ny. 
 
 Spinozism, the system of 
 Spinoza (cap.). 
 
 spiraea (hot.). 
 
 spirit, abbr. sp. 
 
 spiritualize, not -ise. 
 
 spirt, use spu-. 
 
 Spithead (one word). 
 
 Spitzbergen, not Spits-. 
 
 splendider Satz (Ger. 
 typ. m.), widely-spaced 
 or leaded matter. 
 
 split fractions, see frac- 
 tions. 
 
 split infinitive, the sep- 
 aration of "to" from the 
 verb by an adverb, as 
 "he used to often say." 
 Objected to by many, but 
 frequently used in O.E.D. 
 
 S.P.M. (mus.), Short Par- 
 ticular Metre. 
 
 spode china. 
 
 Spohr (Louis), 1784-1859, 
 composer. 
 
 SpOliaj (Lat.), spoils ; — 
 opitaa, the richest spoils ; 
 also trophy won by 
 generals of opposing 
 armies in single combat. 
 
 spoliation, not spoil-. 
 
 spoonful/, pi. -s. 
 
 spoony, foolishly fond, not 
 -ey. 
 
 sporan, the kilt pouch, 
 not -rran. 
 
 Sposja (It.), a bride, pi. -e; 
 -O, bridegroom, pi. -/. 
 
 S.P.Q.R., SenatusPopulus- 
 que Romanus (the Senate 
 and Roman people) ; small 
 profits and quick re- 
 turns. 
 
 S.P.R., Society for Psychi- 
 cal Research. 
 
 sprightly, not spritely. 
 
 spring (season of) (not 
 cap.). 
 
 sprinklededges(binding), 
 
 cut edges of books finely 
 
 sprinkled with colour. 
 S.P.R.Ii., Society for the 
 
 Promotion of Religion and 
 
 Learning. 
 Sprouston, Kelso. 
 Sprowston, Norwich. 
 S.p,S., sine prole supersiite 
 
 (without surviving issue). 
 S.P.S.P. (Papal seal), St. 
 
 Peter and St. Paul, 
 spue, use spew, 
 spurt, not -irt. 
 Spurzheim (J. G.), 1776- 
 
 1832, phrenologist, 
 sput/um, expectorated 
 
 matter ; pi. -a. 
 sq./, square ; — ft., — feet ; 
 
 — in., — inches ; — m., 
 — metre, — miles ; — yd., 
 
 — yards (each 5. and pi.). 
 squalls (naut.), abbr. q. 
 squar/e, -ing {see also 
 
 capitalization, sq.). 
 
 square root, sign V. 
 
 squeegee, not the many 
 variations. 
 
 squeezable, not -cable. 
 
 Squier (E. G.), 1821-88, 
 Amer. writer. 
 
 squilgee, use squeegee. 
 
 squirearchy, not -rarchy. 
 
 Sr, strontium. 
 
 S.R.I., Sacrum Rontanunt 
 Imperiunt (the Holy 
 Roman Empire). 
 
 Srinagar, India, not Ser-. 
 
 S.K.S., Societatis Regix 
 Sodalis (Fellow of the 
 Royal Society). 
 
 S.S., Sunday school. Secre- 
 tary of State, steamship, 
 (Fr.)SaSaw^^//(His Holi- 
 ness), Straits Settlements. 
 
 SS., Saints, (Ger.) Sankt 
 (saints), Seiten (pages), 
 (Lat.) sanctissitnus (most 
 holy). 
 
 SS. (med.), half. 
 
 S.S., screw steamer, (It. 
 mus.) sema sordini (with- 
 out mutes). 
 
 S.S.C. (Sc), Solicitor be- 
 fore the Supreme Courts ; 
 
 359 
 
SS.D. — STATUS 
 
 Sodeias Sanctx Cruets 
 
 (Society of the Holy 
 
 Cross). 
 SS.D., Sattcttsstmus Dom- 
 
 intis (Most Holy Lord, i.e. 
 
 the Pope). 
 S.S.£j., south-south-east 
 
 {see also compass). 
 S.S.G.O-,, letters of the 
 
 Vehtngericht : Stock, Stein, 
 
 Gras, Grein (stick, stone, 
 
 grass, groan). 
 S.S.M., Society of the 
 
 Sacred Mission, Squad- 
 ron Serjeant-Major. 
 S.S.S.C. (paper), soft-sized, 
 
 super-calendered. 
 S.S.TJ., Sunday School 
 
 Union. 
 S.S.W., south-south-west 
 
 {see also compass). 
 St., Saint; (typ.) always in 
 
 alphabetic arrangement 
 
 to be placed under Saint, 
 
 not St- ; strait, -s, street. 
 S.t., short ton. 
 St., stanza, stone, strophe, 
 
 (typ.) stet (let it remain % 
 St. (Ger.), statt (instead of\ 
 Sta (It.), santa (female 
 
 saint) (no point). 
 Staal (baron de), 1822-, 
 
 Russ. diplomatist ; — 
 
 (baromie de), 1684- 
 
 1750, writer {see also 
 
 Stael, Stahl). 
 " Staatsanzeiger,** Ger. 
 
 (m.) Official Gazette. 
 Staats - General, Dutch 
 
 legislative assembly. 
 Stabat Mater (Lat.), the 
 
 Mother was standing 
 
 (R.C.C. liturgy). 
 stabbed (binding), a form 
 
 of wiring for pamphlets. 
 staccato, distinct(not ital,). 
 Stadtholder.Du. governor, 
 
 not Stadh-. 
 Stael (Madame de), 
 
 1766- 18 17, Fr. writer {see 
 
 also Staal, Stahl). 
 stafg, pi. -s, or staves 
 Staffs, Staffordshire. 
 staghound (one word). 
 
 Stagirite (the), Aristotle, 
 «o/'Stagy-; /'ro/i.staj'e-rlt. 
 
 stagy, not -ey. 
 
 Stahl (F. J.), i8o2-6i, 
 writer {see also Staal, 
 Stael). 
 
 staid, solemn, not stayed. 
 
 stalactite, deposit on cave 
 roofs ; Stalagmite, de- 
 posit on cave floors. 
 
 Stalbridge (Baron). 
 
 stalemate (chess) (one 
 word). 
 
 stamen/ (bot.), pi. -s. 
 
 stamina, power of endur- 
 ance. 
 
 sfa/npa^/o,-a(It.),printed ; 
 -OrCy a printer. 
 
 Stamp 0£Sce (two words). 
 
 stanch, not staun-. 
 
 standardize, not -ise. 
 
 stand/point, -still (one 
 word). 
 
 stannary, a tin mine. 
 
 Stannum, tin ; symbol 
 Sn. 
 
 Stanstead, Suffolk. 
 
 Stansted, Essex, Kent. 
 
 stanz/a, pi. -as. It. pi. 
 -e ; abbr. st. 
 
 star (typ.), the asterisk *. 
 
 star/, -red, -ry, -ring. 
 
 Starcross, Devon (one 
 word). 
 
 starfish (one word). 
 
 starting-point (hyphen). 
 
 stat., statuary, statute. 
 
 Stat., statim (immediately). 
 
 State, government (cap.). 
 
 Staten Island, New York, 
 not Staa- ; abbr. S.I. 
 
 statics, is singular. 
 
 statim (Lat.), immediately; 
 abbr. stat. 
 
 stationary, fixed. 
 
 Stationers* Hall, London 
 (apos. at end). 
 
 Stationery, paper, etc. 
 
 statistics, is plural. 
 
 statt (Ger.), instead of; 
 abbr. st. 
 
 statuary, abbr. stat. 
 
 statuette. 
 
 status, rank (not ital.). 
 
 360 
 
STATUS — STILE 
 
 statu squoj(Lat.), the same 
 
 state as now ; ante, 
 
 ditto as before. 
 
 statute, abbr. stat. 
 
 staunch, use stanch. 
 
 Staunton (H.), 1810-74, 
 chess player. 
 
 stayed, stopped, noi staid. 
 
 S.T.B., Sacrx Theologige 
 Baccalaureus (Bachelor of 
 
 Theology) ; S.T.D., ■ 
 
 Doctor (Doctor of Theo- 
 logy)- 
 
 Ste (Fr. f.), sainte (female 
 saint) (no point). 
 
 Steadfast, not sted-.- 
 
 steamboat (one word). 
 
 steam/-engine, ham- 
 mer (hyphen). 
 
 Steamship (one word), 
 abbr. S.S. 
 
 Steel (Flora Annie), 
 1847-, writer; — (Sir 
 James), 1830- 1904. 
 
 Steele (F. M.), writer; 
 — (Sir Richard), 1672- 
 1729, writer. 
 
 Steell (Sir John), 1804- 
 91, sculptor. 
 
 steeplechase/, -r, 
 
 Steevens (George), 1736- 
 1800, Shak. writer {^see 
 also Stephen, Stevens). 
 
 Steinberg, a hock. 
 
 Steinitz (W.), 1836-1900, 
 chess player. 
 
 stem, abbr. s. 
 
 stemmja, a pedigree ; pi. 
 -ata. 
 
 stencil/, -ler, -ling. 
 
 step/brother, -child, 
 -daughter, -father, 
 -mother, -sister, -son 
 (each one word). 
 
 Stephen (Sir Leslie), 
 1832-1904, writer (^see also 
 Steevens, Stevens). 
 
 Stephenson (George), 
 1781--1848, originator of 
 railways; — (Robert), 
 1803-59, son of above {see 
 also Stev-). 
 
 steppe, a plain. 
 
 Btepping-stone (hyphen). 
 
 stereotype (typ.), a cast 
 or plate taken in stereo- 
 type metal from a matrix, 
 as of paper or plaster, 
 reproducing the form of 
 the type, plate, etc., from 
 which the matrix was 
 made ; abbr. stereo (no 
 point). 
 
 stSreotypie (Fr. f.), stereo- 
 typing. 
 
 sterilize, not -ise. 
 
 Sterling (John), 1806-45, 
 writer (see also Stir-). 
 
 sterling, abbr. stg. 
 
 Sterne (Laurence, not 
 Law-), 1713-68, writer. 
 
 stet (typ.), a Latin word 
 meaning let it stand, writ- 
 ten in the proof margin to 
 cancel an alteration, dots 
 being placed under the 
 word that is to remain ; pi. 
 stent; abbr. for both st. 
 
 Steuart (Sir A. H. 
 Seton-), 1856- ; — 
 (J. A.), 1861-, writer {see 
 also Stewart, Stuart). 
 
 Stevens (Alfred), 1818- 
 75, sculptor {see also 
 Steevens, Stephen). 
 
 Stevenson (Robert), 
 1772-1850, lighthouse 
 engineer ; — (Robert 
 Louis), 1850-94, writer 
 {see also Stephenson). 
 
 Stewart, fam. name Earl of 
 Galloway ; — (Dugald), 
 1 753-1828, metaph. ; — 
 (Sir H. J. U.), 1872- ; 
 —(Sir J. M.),i83o-i905; 
 — (Sir M. H. Shaw-), 
 1854- ;— (Sir M. J. M.), 
 1831-1900 ;— (Sir N.R.), 
 1851- ; — (Sir R. C), 
 1836- {see also Steuart, 
 Stuart). 
 
 stg., sterling. 
 
 Stibium, symbol Sb. 
 
 stich, a verse ; pron. stik. 
 
 stigma/, a brand ; pi. -s. 
 
 stigmatize, not -ise. 
 
 stile over a fence {see also 
 Style). 
 
 361 
 
STILETTO — STBUTT 
 
 stiletto/, pi. -8. 
 
 stillborn (one word). 
 
 stLllness. 
 
 Stilton cheese (cap.). 
 
 stimie (golf), use sty-. 
 
 stimiil/us, />/. -i. 
 
 stip., stipend, -iary. 
 
 stirk, a young ox or cow, 
 not ste-, stu-. 
 
 Stirling, Stirlingshire. 
 
 Stirling (J. Hutchison, 
 not Hutchin-), 1820-, 
 metaph. {see also Ster-). 
 
 stirpjs (Lat.), lineage ; pi. 
 -es. 
 
 Stock Exchange (caps.) ; 
 abbr. S/E. 
 
 stockholder (one word). 
 
 stockinet, an elastic fabric, 
 not -ette, -inget. 
 
 stoicheio/logy, -metry, 
 the doctrine of elements, 
 not stoechio-, stoichio-. 
 
 stokehold(naut.),«o/-hole. 
 
 ston/e, abbr. st. ; -y. 
 
 Stoneleigh, Kenilworth. 
 
 Stonely, St. Neots. 
 
 Stonyhurst College, 
 Lanes. 
 
 stoop, flagon, platform, not 
 -oup. 
 
 Stopgap (one word). 
 
 storey, use story. 
 
 Storey's Gate, London, 
 S.W. (apos.). 
 
 Storied, not -yed. 
 
 storiologist, a folklorist. 
 
 Storthing, legislative as- 
 sembly of Norway. 
 
 stor/y, of a building or a 
 tale, not -ey ; pi. -ies. 
 
 story/-book, — -teller, 
 telling (h3rphens). 
 
 stoup, use stoop. 
 
 stow^away (one word). 
 
 S.T.P., Sacrae Theologiae 
 Professor (Professor of 
 Sacred Theology). 
 
 Strachan, ^n>M. strawn. 
 
 Strachey (Sir Edward), 
 1858- ; — (Sir E. P.), 
 1871- ; Strachey (Sir 
 John), 1 823-; — (Sir 
 Hichard), 1817-1908. 
 
 Stradbroke (Earl of). 
 
 Stradivarius, an instru- 
 ment made by Antonio 
 Stradivari or Antonins 
 Stradivarius, of Cre- 
 mona, 1650-1737. 
 
 Strafford (Earl of). 
 
 straight accents (typ.), 
 the long accents, as «, e. 
 
 Straightforward (one 
 word). 
 
 strait/, -s, when with name 
 to be cap. ; abbr. St. 
 
 straitZ-laced, — -waist- 
 coat, not straight (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 Stranraer, Wigtown. 
 
 Strasburg, in Fr. Stras- 
 bourg, in Ger. Strass- 
 burg. ' 
 
 Stratford de Redcliffe 
 (Viscount), 1 786-1880, 
 diplomatist. 
 
 Stratford-on-Avon (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 strathspey, Sc. dance. 
 
 strato-cirrus (meteor.), 
 use cirro-stratus. 
 
 Strat/um, a layer ; pi. -a. 
 
 strat/us, a low layer of 
 cloud, pi. -i ; abbr. s. 
 
 Streatfeild,fam. name, not 
 -ield. 
 
 street (typ.), name of, to 
 have initial caps., as Re- 
 gent Street ; spell out 
 when a number, as Fifth 
 Avenue ; number of 
 house in, not to be 
 followed by any point, as 
 6 Fleet Street ; in jour- 
 nalism, hyphen and lower- 
 case r usual, as Regent- 
 street ; abbr. St. 
 
 stri/a, a stripe ; pi. -m, 
 
 Stticbpunkt (Ger. m.), 
 semicolon (cap.). 
 
 Strong (Sir S. H.), 1825- 
 1909, judge. 
 
 Stronge (Sir J. H.), 1849-. 
 
 Stronsay, Orkneys. 
 
 strontium, symbol Sr. 
 
 Strutt, fam. name of Barons 
 Belper and Rayleigh. 
 
 36a 
 
STBUWWELPETER " — SUEDOISE 
 
 •* Stmwwelpeter," Ger. 
 
 child's book, 
 strychnine, not -in. 
 S.T.S., Scottish Text Soc. 
 Stuart, fam. name of Earl 
 of Moray and Baron Blan- 
 tyre; — (House of) ; — 
 (Sir E. A.), 1832- ; 
 — (Leslie) , comooser ; — 
 (Sir S. H. Ii.), 1*864- {see 
 also Steuart, Stewart). 
 
 Stuck (Ger. n.), a piece. 
 
 Studio/, pi. -s. 
 
 stumbling - block (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 Btupe^, ftot -ify. 
 
 Sturm- und Drang-Pe- 
 riode (Ger.), storm and 
 stress period : 1775-1800. 
 
 Stuttgart, not Stfl-, -ard. 
 
 sty, not stye. 
 
 Stygian, of the river Styx. 
 
 style, custom, manner ; but 
 stile over a fence. 
 
 style of the house (t}^?.), 
 thecustora of each printing 
 establishment as to use of 
 caps., itaHc, spelling, etc. 
 
 stymie (golf), «o/stimie, -y. 
 
 Styx, a river in Hades. 
 
 Suabia, use Swa-. 
 
 Suakin, Red Sea, not -im. 
 
 sub., subaltern, subscrip- 
 tion.substitute, suburb,-an. 
 
 sub (Lat.), under. 
 
 subahdar (Ind.), a native 
 captain. 
 
 subaltern, abbr. sub. 
 
 SUbaudi (Lat.), under- 
 stand, supply ; abbr. sub. 
 
 sub-bass (hyphen). 
 
 sub/ deacon, -dean, 
 
 -divide (one word). 
 
 sub-edit/, -or, -orial (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 subfusc/, -ous, dark. 
 
 sub-genus (hyphen). 
 
 sub-headings, see head-, 
 ings (sub-). 
 
 SUbj., subject, -ive, -ively, 
 subjunctive. 
 
 sub judice (Lat.), under 
 consideration. 
 
 subjunctive, abbr. subj. 
 
 sub-kingdom (hyphen). 
 sublet (one word). 
 sub-lieutenant (hyphen). 
 Sublime Porte, Turkish 
 
 Court and Government. 
 sub modo (Lat.), in a 
 
 qualified sense ; sub- 
 
 poBna, under penalty, not 
 
 -pena (one word, not ital. ) ; 
 
 sub rosa, privately, 
 subscription, abbr. sub. 
 subsection (one word) ; 
 
 abbr. subsec 
 subsidize, not -ise. 
 subj sigillo (Lat.), in the 
 
 strictest confidence ; — 
 
 silentio, in silence, 
 sub-species (hyphen). 
 subst., substantive. 
 substantive, abbr. s., or 
 
 subst. {see nouns), 
 substitute, abbr. sub. 
 substrat/um, />/. -a. 
 subtile, fine {see also 
 
 subtle), 
 subtilize, not -ise. 
 sub-title, a bastard, fly, or 
 
 half-title placed before the 
 
 full title page, 
 subtle, insinuating {see also 
 
 subtile), 
 suburb/, -an, abbr. sub. 
 subl voce or — verbo 
 
 (Lat.), under a specified 
 
 word ; abbr. s.V. 
 sub"wray (one word), 
 succeeded, abbr. s. 
 succ^sl d'estime (Fr.m.), a 
 
 success with more honour 
 
 than profit; — fou, an 
 
 extravagant success, 
 such-like (hyphen), 
 sucking-pig (hyphen). 
 sud (Fr. m.), south ; abbr. S. 
 Slid (Ger. m. ) , south ; abbr. 
 
 S. (cap.). 
 Sudan/, -ese, not Sou-. 
 Sudeley (Baron). 
 Sudley (Viscount), 
 su/e, -ed, -ing. 
 suede, dull-dressed kid, as 
 
 for gloves (6). 
 su6doise{h la), in Swedish 
 
 style {6, not cap.). 
 
 363 
 
SUFF. — SURFEIT 
 
 sufT, suffix. 
 
 SUfficlIt (Lat.), it is suffi- 
 cient ; pi. 'iunt 
 
 BUfi.,a Mohammedan mystic, 
 not sofi, soofee, sophy. 
 
 suggestible, not -able. 
 
 suggestio falsi (Lat.), an 
 indirect lie. 
 
 suij generis (Lat.), of his, 
 her,its, or their,own kind ; 
 
 — juris, of full age and 
 capacity. 
 
 Suissej (Fr.), native of 
 Switz., also a porter ; 
 /em. 'Sse; la Suisse, 
 Switzerland. 
 
 suite, of rooms (not ital.). 
 
 suite] (Fr. f.), continuation; 
 
 — et fin, conclusion. 
 SUivrej (a) (Fn), to be con- 
 tinued; faire — (letters 
 and parcels) to forward, 
 (typ.) to run on. 
 
 Sully - Prudhomme (R. 
 F. A.), 1839-, Fr. poet. 
 
 sulphur, symbol S. 
 
 sulphuretted, not -eted. 
 
 Sultan/, /em, -a, abbr. 
 Suit. 
 
 Sultanpur, India. 
 
 sum (math.), symbol 2. 
 
 sumac (bot.), «o/sh-, -ach. 
 
 summ.arize, not -ise. 
 
 sum.m.er (not cap.). 
 
 summum bonum (Lat.), 
 the supreme good. 
 
 sun, abbr. S. 
 
 sun/beam, -bonnet, 
 
 -burn (one word). 
 
 Sunday, abbr. S., or Sun. 
 
 sundial (one word). 
 
 sunflower (one word). 
 
 sunn, E. Indian fibre. 
 
 Sunna, traditionary Mos- 
 lem law. 
 
 Sunni, an orthodox Mos- 
 lem, not -ee. 
 
 Bun/rise, -set, -shade, 
 -shine, -spot, -stroke 
 (one word). 
 
 SUOJ jure (Lat.), in one's 
 own right ; — loco, in its 
 own place. 
 
 Bup,, superior, supine. 
 
 sup. (Lat.), supra (above). 
 
 super., superfine. 
 
 super-calendered paper, 
 highly rolled for dry 
 printing; abbr. B.C. 
 
 supercargo (one word). 
 
 superexcellen/ce, -t (one 
 word). 
 
 super-extra (binding), in 
 the best manner: coloured 
 end leaves, double head- 
 bands, etc. 
 
 superficialize, not -ise. 
 
 superficies, a surface, sing. 
 and pi. 
 
 superfine, abbr. super. 
 
 superintendent, abbr. 
 supt. 
 
 superior, abbr. sup. 
 
 superior characters 
 (typ.), those set above 
 the hne, as ^> -> •» ^ 
 
 superl., superlative. 
 
 superpose, not -ze. 
 
 super royal, printing paper 
 27 Vj X 20^3 in. {see also 
 books, paper). 
 
 supersede, not -cede. 
 
 supervise, not -ize. 
 
 supervisor, not -er. 
 
 supine, abbr. sup. 
 
 supp., supplement. 
 
 supplement, abbr. supp. 
 
 supplicator, not -er. 
 
 supposititious, not 
 
 -sitious. 
 
 suppository, not -ary. 
 
 suppressio veri (Lat.), 
 suppression of the truth. 
 
 suppressor, not -er. 
 
 supr., supreme. 
 
 supra (Lat.), above, for- 
 merly ; abbr. sup. 
 
 supreme (Fr. f.), a method 
 of cooking. 
 
 supt., superintendent. 
 
 sur (Fr. prep.), upon; (adj.) 
 
 . sour, /em. sure. 
 
 SUriFr.), sure, safe. 
 
 surah, a thin silk fabric. 
 
 Suraj a Dowlah,of Bengal. 
 
 Surat, Bombay. 
 
 surcingle, a belt. 
 
 surfeit/, -er, -ing. 
 
 364 
 
SURGEON — SWIN 
 
 surg/eon, -ery, -ical, 
 abbr. surg. 
 
 Surgeon- General (hy- 
 phen) ; abbr. Surg.-Gen. 
 
 Surgeons (Royal College 
 of), abbr. R.C.S. 
 
 surmise, not -ize. 
 
 surplus, abbr. S. 
 
 surprise, not -ize. 
 
 surrenderor (law), not 
 -or. 
 
 sursum conJa (Lat.), (lift) 
 up your hearts. 
 
 surtout, an overcoat. 
 
 surv., surveying, -or, sur- 
 viving. 
 
 survivor, not -er. 
 
 Susanna (Apocr.), no abbr. 
 
 suspender, not -or. 
 
 suspensio per collum 
 (Lat.), hanging by the 
 neck; abbr. SUS. per 
 coll. 
 
 suspensor, not -er. 
 
 Susquehanna River, 
 U.S.A., Ko/-ana. 
 
 Sutlej, Punjab river. 
 
 Suwanee River, Amer., 
 not Swa-. 
 
 S.V., Sancta Virgo (Holy 
 Virgin), Sanctitas Vestra 
 (Your Holiness), Sons of 
 Veterans. 
 
 S.V., sub voce, or verbo (under 
 a word or heading, as in 
 a dictionary). 
 
 svastika, use sw-. 
 
 svelte (Ft.), elegant. 
 
 Svendsen (J. S.), 1840-, 
 composer. 
 
 Sverige, local for Sweden. 
 
 S.v.p. (Fr.), s^il vous plait 
 (if you please). 
 
 S.W., Senior Warden, 
 South Wales, south-west 
 {see also compass). 
 South - Western postal 
 district of London. 
 
 Sw., Sweden, -ish. 
 
 Sw^abia, not Su-. 
 
 Sw^ahili, a people and lan- 
 guage about Zanzibar. 
 
 Swalcliffe, Oxfordshire. 
 
 Swaleclifife, Kent. 
 
 Swammerdam (Jan), 
 1637-80, Du. naturalist. 
 
 swanpan, use sbw-. 
 
 swansdown (one word). 
 
 swap, to exchange, «o/-op. 
 
 swash letters (typ.), 
 seventeenth-century ital. 
 caps, with tails and flour- 
 ishes, as ^, "2, etc. 
 
 swastika, a religious sym- 
 bol, not SV-. 
 
 sw^ath, a line of cut grass. 
 
 swathe, to bind. 
 
 SAvede, a root (not cap.). 
 
 Sweden, abbr. Sw., local 
 Sverige {see also As- 
 semblies). 
 
 Sweden and Norway, in 
 this order, not Norway and 
 Sweden ; local Sverige 
 och Norge. 
 
 Sv?^edish, abbr. Sw. ; 
 (typ.) alphabet contains 
 Ger. a, 0. Also the 
 peculiar "Swedish a" 
 {A, &) pron. somewhat 
 as o. In alph. arrange- 
 ment &, a, o, are put after 
 z. The acute accent may 
 be used to mark an ac- 
 cented syllable. 
 
 Sweet (Henry), d. 191 2, 
 philol. {see also Swete). 
 
 sweetbread (cook.) (one 
 word). 
 
 sweetbrier, not -briar (one 
 word). 
 
 sweet/-oil, — -pea (hy- 
 phens). 
 
 sweet-william (bot.) 
 (hyphen, not caps.). 
 
 swell dash (typ. ),Fr. rule, 
 the * 
 
 Swete (H. B.), 1835-, of 
 Camb., writer {see also 
 Sweet). 
 
 Sweynheim and Pan- 
 nartz, earliest printers 
 in Italy. 
 
 S.W.G., standard wire 
 gauge. 
 
 Swinburne (A. C), 1837- 
 1909, poet. 
 
 Swin Channel, Thames. 
 
 36S 
 
SWINDON — SYZYGY 
 
 Swindon, Wilts. 
 
 swingeing, a hard (blow). 
 
 Swinton, Lanes, Yorks. 
 
 Switliin/(St.), Bp. of Win- 
 chester 852-62; -*sDay, 
 15 July, not -un. 
 
 Switzerland,abbr. Switz. ; 
 in Fr. la Suisse, in Gar. 
 die Schweiz, in It. 
 Svizzera {see also As- 
 semblies). 
 
 swop, use swap. 
 
 Sybil, christian name {see 
 also sibyl). 
 
 sycamore (bot.). 
 
 syce, noi si-. 
 
 sycomore (Bib.). 
 
 Sydney Heads, two cliffs. 
 
 Sykes, see Si-. 
 
 syllabtib, use si-. 
 
 syllabus/, pi. -es. 
 
 syllogize, not -ise. 
 
 sylvan, not si-. 
 
 symbolize, not -ise. 
 
 sympathize, not -ise. 
 
 symposi/um, pi. -a. 
 
 syn., synonym, -ous. 
 
 synaeresis, gram, contrac- 
 tion, not -crosis. 
 
 synagog/al, -ic. 
 
 synchronize, not -ise. 
 
 syncope, />roM. sin'kup-6. 
 
 syne (aiildlang), the days 
 long ago. 
 
 synonym/, -ous, abbr. 
 syn. ; -ize, -y, not -e, 
 -ise, -ey. 
 
 synops/is, pi. -es. 
 
 synthesize, not -ise. 
 
 syphon, use si-. 
 
 S37T., Syria, -c, -n. 
 
 syren, use si-. 
 
 Syriac, abbr. Syr. ; (typ.) 
 has 22 letters, besides 
 vowel points, reads from 
 right to left, and is set 
 as Hebrew. There are 
 three forms of type, Es- 
 trangeio, Jacobite, Nes- 
 torian. 
 
 S3rringe/, -ing, not si-. 
 
 syrup, not sirop, -up ; abbr. 
 syr. 
 
 syst., system. 
 
 systematize, not -ise. 
 
 syzygy (astr.), the moon 
 being in conjunction or 
 opposition. 
 
 ^66 
 
B JSTOTES 
 
 367 
 
S NOTES 
 
 368 
 
T. — TAINE 
 
 T., temperature, Tenor, Ter- 
 ritory ,Testament,the nine- 
 teenth in a series, all 
 proper names with this 
 initial, (It. mus.) tace (be 
 silent). 
 t., ton, -s, town, -ship, tun, 
 -s, (Fr.) tome (volume), 
 tonneau (ton), (Lat.) tem- 
 pore (in the time of), 
 (mus.) tempo (time), 
 tenorje, -» (tenor, -s), 
 (naut.) thunder. 
 »t (Du.), ftet (the, n.), as 
 
 van 't Hoflf. 
 Ta, tantalum. 
 Taaffe (Viscount), not 
 
 -afe. 
 T.A.B., Total Abstinence 
 
 Brotherhood. 
 Tabago, use To-, 
 tabasheer, a plant opal, 
 
 not -ir, -achir. 
 tabbinet, a silk and wool 
 
 fabric, not tabi-. 
 Tabelle] (Ger. typ. f.), 
 table, index ; pi. -n (cap.). 
 tablej alpbah6tique (Fr. 
 typ. f.), index ; — des 
 matihreSt table of con- 
 tents. 
 tableau! (Fr. m.), a picture, 
 etc., pi. 'X; tableau] 
 vivantj, pi. -x -s. 
 table d*n6te, an ordinary; 
 pi. tables — (not ital.). 
 tables of contents, see 
 
 contents (tables of), 
 tablespoonful/, pi. -s (one 
 
 word). 
 table work (typ.), colum- 
 nar matter, with or with- 
 out rules. The heading 
 of the table to be outside 
 the enclosing rules. Small 
 type and plenty of space is 
 better than large type and 
 little space. Headings to 
 columns look better in 
 
 table work (cont.). 
 
 smaller tj'pe. The widths 
 of the columns should be 
 multiples of the en. The 
 first line of table page 
 placed lengthways should 
 begin at the left-hand foot 
 of every page and read 
 upwards. 
 
 tabller (Fr. m.), apron. 
 
 taboo, forbidden, not -u. 
 
 tabour, a small drum, not 
 -or. 
 
 tabu, use taboo. 
 
 tabulja (Lat,), a document, 
 pi. -as ; tabuija rasja, a 
 blank surface, pi. -as -SB. 
 
 tabular w^ork, see table 
 w^ork. 
 
 tabulat/e, -or. 
 
 tac-au-taCf a fencing 
 parry, etc. 
 
 tace (It. mus.), be silent ; 
 abbr. T. 
 
 tacks/man (Sc), a lessee, 
 not tax- ; pi. -men. 
 
 tasdium vitas (Lsit.), weari- 
 ness of life. 
 
 Tae-ping, use Tai-. 
 
 Tafell (Ger. typ. f.V a 
 table ; pi. -tt, abbr. Taf. 
 
 taffeta, a fabric, not the 
 many variations. 
 
 tag-rag (hyphen). 
 
 tags (typ.), direction labels 
 
 tail (typ.), the bottom mar 
 gin {see also margins). 
 
 ^a///adr^(Fr.cook.), crimped 
 
 tailtej (Fr. f.), engraving 
 also size, etc. ; — douce, 
 copper-plate engraving. 
 
 tailleur (Fr. m.), tailor, 
 dealer in card games. 
 
 tail-piece (typ.), the de 
 sign at end of a section 
 chapter, or book. 
 
 Tain, Ross-shire. 
 
 Taine (Hippolyte), 1828- 
 93, Fr. historian. 
 369 24 
 
TAI-PING — TAUBENHAUS 
 
 Tai-ping rebellion, 1850- 
 
 64, not Tae-. 
 Tait (A. C.\ 181 1-82, Abp. 
 of Canterbury ; — (P. Q.)> 
 1831-1901, physicist {see 
 also Tate). 
 Taj Mahal, Agra, noi — 
 
 Me-. 
 Tal (Ger. n.), valley, itoi 
 
 now Th-. 
 Talbot de Malahide 
 
 (Baron). 
 Taler (Ger. m.), coin, not 
 
 now Th- ; abbr. Tlr. 
 Talfourd (Sir T. N.), 
 
 1 795-1854, dram. 
 taUsnian/, pi. -s. 
 talis quails (Lat), such as 
 
 it is. 
 tall copies, books with 
 slightly larger margins 
 than usual, but not large- 
 paper copies. 
 Talleyrand - Perigord 
 (C. M. de), 1754-1838, 
 Fr. politician. 
 Tallis (Thomas), 1510?}- 
 85, composer, not Talys, 
 Tallys. 
 tallness. 
 
 Talmud, Heb. laws. 
 Tam., Tamil, 
 tamable, not -eable. 
 tambourine, not -in, 
 
 -orine. 
 Tamil, S. Indian language, 
 
 not -ul ; abbr. Tam. 
 Tammany Hall, Amer. 
 
 politics (2 w's). 
 "Tam o* Shanter," poem 
 by Burns (caps., small o, 
 apos., no hyphen), 
 tam-o'-shanter, awoollen 
 
 cap (hyphens, apos.). 
 tan, tangent, -s (no points. 
 Tanganyika (Lake), 
 
 Cent. Afr. (one word), 
 tangerine orange, not 
 
 tangier-. 
 tangible, not -able. 
 Tangier, Mor., not -iers. 
 Tangiers, Haverford- 
 
 west. 
 Taiyore, India. 
 
 370 
 
 ** Tannhauser,** opera by 
 
 Wagner ; />ro«. tan-hoi'zr. 
 
 tantalize, not -ise (not 
 
 cap.), 
 tantalum, symbol Ta.- 
 tantl mleux (Fr.), so much 
 the better; — pis, so 
 much the worse. 
 Taoism, doctrine of Lao- 
 tsze, not Ta-, Ta6- (one 
 word). 
 tapis {sur le) (Fr.), under 
 
 consideration. 
 taplsserie (Fr. f.), tapestry. 
 tar/, -ry. 
 tarantella, a dance, or its 
 
 music. 
 tarantula, a spider. 
 Tarbert, Argyl, Harris, 
 
 Co. Kerry. 
 Tarbet, Loch Lomond, 
 tariff, not -if. 
 tarlatan, a muslin, not 
 
 -etan. 
 tarpaulin, not -ing. 
 Tarpeian Rock. 
 Tarrasch (S.), 1862-, 
 
 chess player. 
 Tartar/, -y. Cent. Asia, 
 
 properly Tatar/, -y. 
 tartare {h la) (Fr. cook.), 
 w^ith cold mustard sauce. 
 "Tartuffe," play by Mo- 
 
 liere, 1669, not -ufe. 
 taseometer,instrument for 
 
 measuring strains. 
 tasimeter, instrument for 
 
 minute measurements. 
 Tasm., Tasmania. 
 ta-ta ! good - bye ! (hy- 
 phen). 
 Tatar, see Tartar. 
 Tate/ (Sir W. H.), 1842- ; 
 — Gallery, London {see 
 also Tait). 
 tatoo, use tattoo, 
 tatterdemalion, a ragged 
 
 fellow, not -ian. 
 Tattersalls, London (apos- 
 trophe only in the posses- 
 sive case). 
 tattoo, not tatoo. 
 Taubenhaus (J.), 1850-, 
 chess player. 
 
TAUBMAN — TENERIFE 
 
 Taubman-Goldie (Sir 
 G. D.), 1846-, founder 
 R. Niger Co. 
 
 Tauchnitz (baron), pub- 
 lisher, Leipzig. 
 
 tau cross, the -]-. 
 
 taut (naut.), «o/-ght. 
 
 tautologize, not -ise. 
 
 tavern, when this word 
 does not form part of the 
 title, the name w^hen 
 cited to be roman double- 
 quoted, and not ital. 
 
 tawny, tan-colour, not -ey. 
 
 taxman, see tacks-. 
 
 Taylour, family name of 
 Marquess of Headfort. 
 
 tazzja (It. f.), bowl or cup, 
 pron. tat'sa ; pi. -e. 
 
 Tb, terbium. 
 
 T.C.D., Trinity College, 
 Dublin. 
 
 Tchad (Lake), Sudan, not 
 Chad, Tsad. 
 
 TchertkoflF (Vladimir), 
 1854-, Russ. writer. 
 
 Tchigorin (T.), 1850-, 
 chess player. 
 
 Tchudi, a Russ. race {see 
 also Tschudi). 
 
 T.E. (U.S.A.), Topo- 
 graphical Engineer. 
 
 Te, tellurium. 
 
 Teale(T. Pridgin), 1831-, 
 surgeon. 
 
 Teall (J. J. H.), 1849-, 
 geologist. 
 
 teapot (one word). 
 
 tease, not -ze. 
 
 teasel(bot.), «o/ -sle,-zel,-zle. 
 
 teaspoonful/, pi. -a (one 
 word). 
 
 tech., technical, -ly. 
 
 technol., technological, -ly. 
 
 techy, peevish, use tetchy. 
 
 tedescjo (It. adj.),/^w. -a, 
 German (not cap.). 
 
 tee*d (golf). 
 
 teetotal/, -ism, -ler, -ly. 
 
 teetotum (one word). 
 
 Tegethoff (W.), Austrian 
 admiral, 1827-71. 
 
 Tegetmeier ("W. B.), 
 i8i6-, writer. 
 
 37 
 
 Tegner (Esaias), 1782- 
 
 1846, Sw. poet. 
 Teheran, cap. of Persia, 
 
 not -hran. 
 Teichmann (R.), 1868-, 
 
 chess player. 
 Teignniouth,Devon,/>ro«. 
 
 teen'muth {see also 
 
 Tyne-). 
 Teil (Ger. m.), a part ; pi. 
 
 ~e, not now Th- (cap.). 
 TeUungszeicben (Ger. 
 
 typ.), the hyphen, not 
 
 Th- (cap.). 
 teinds (Sc), tithes. 
 Telford (Thomas), 1757- 
 
 1834, eng., not -ourd. 
 tell-tale (hyphen). 
 tellurion, orrery, not -ian. 
 tellurium, symbol Te. 
 Telugu, Ind. language, not 
 
 -oogoo. 
 "T6m6raire (The Fight- 
 ing),** picture by Turner, 
 temp., temperature, tem- 
 porary. 
 temp,, tempore (in the time 
 
 of). 
 Tempel(E."W.Ij.), 1821- 
 
 89, Ger. astr. 
 temperature, abbr. T., or 
 
 temp.; (typ.) degrees of, 
 
 to be in figures, as 70° F. 
 Templar/ (Knight/), not 
 
 -er ; pi. -s -s. 
 tem/plate, use -plet. 
 Temple Bar, London (two 
 
 words). 
 templet, a mould or pattern , 
 
 not -plate. 
 templo{lt. mus.), time; pi. 
 
 -/, abbr. t. 
 tempora mutantur{La.t. ) , 
 
 times are changed. 
 temporary, abbr. temp. 
 tempore (Lat.), in the time 
 
 of ; abbr. t., or temp. 
 temporize, not -ise. 
 Tenasserim, Burma, not 
 
 Tenn-. 
 Ten Commandments 
 
 (the) (caps.). 
 Tenerife (pezik and island 
 
 of), not -iffe. 
 I U* 
 
TENIERS — THAT 
 
 Teniera (David), 1582- 
 
 1649, ^^^ 1610-90, two 
 
 Dutch painters. 
 Tenison (Thomas), 1636- 
 
 1715, Abp. of Canterbury' 
 
 (see also Tennyson). 
 TennantCWilliam), 1 784- 
 
 1848, Sc. writer. 
 Tennasserim, use Tena-. 
 Tennent (Sir J. E.), 
 
 1804-69, writer. 
 Tennessee, U.S.A. (two 
 
 n's, two s's, four e's), off. 
 
 abbr. Tenn. 
 Tenniel (Sir J. T.), 1820-, 
 
 ^' Punch " cartoonist. 
 Tennyson (Alfred, 
 
 Lord), 1809-93, poet {see 
 
 also Tenison). 
 tenor, not -our. 
 tenorle (It. mus. m.), tenor ; 
 
 pi. -/, abbr. t. 
 Teplitz, Bohemia, not Top-. 
 Ter., Terrace. 
 ter(Lat.), thrice. 
 terat., teratologj'. 
 terbium, symbol Tb. 
 tercel, use tier-. 
 Teresa (St.), «o/Th-. 
 tergiversat/e, -ion, -or. 
 termination, abbr. term, 
 terminator, not-er. 
 terminology, abbr. term, 
 termin/us, />/. -i (notital.). 
 termJnusj ad quern (Lat.), 
 
 the finish ; — a quO, the 
 
 starting-point. 
 Terr., Territory. 
 terr/ace (typ.), cap. when 
 
 with name ; abbr. Ter. ; 
 
 in Fr. f. -asse. 
 terra-cotta (hyphen). 
 Terra del Fuego, use 
 
 Tierra . 
 
 terrsej Wius (Lat.), son of 
 
 the soil ; pi. — filii. 
 terra firma (two words, 
 
 not ital.). 
 terrla incognitja (Lat.), 
 
 unexplored region ; pi. 
 
 -« -« (ital.). 
 terreen, use tur-. 
 terret, ring for driving-rein, 
 
 not -it. 
 
 territorialize, not -ise. 
 
 Territory,abbr.T.,orTerr. 
 
 terrorize, not -ise. 
 
 tertium quid (Lat.), an 
 intermediate something. 
 
 Tesla (JSTikola), 1857-, 
 electrician. 
 
 tessellate, not -elate 
 
 Testament, abbr. T., or 
 Test. 
 
 testamur (Lat.), examina- 
 tion certificate. 
 
 test/is (anat.), pi. -es. 
 
 test-types, those for vision 
 testing. 
 
 tetchy, peevish, not tec-. 
 
 tBte (Fr. f.), head ; tite- 
 ^-tete{m.,s. a.ndpl.), pri- 
 vate interview ; but iete 
 h t^/e (without hyphens), 
 privately ; titej de veau, 
 calPs head ; — dorSe 
 (binding), gilt top. 
 
 Teufelsdrockh (Herr), 
 in-Carlyle's "Sartor Re- 
 sartus." 
 
 Teut., Teuton, -ic. 
 
 Tex., Texas (offic. abbr.), 
 Texan. 
 
 textbook (one word). 
 
 textus receptus (Lat.), 
 the received text ; abbr. 
 text rec. 
 
 Teynham (Baron), pron. 
 ten'ham. 
 
 t.g., type genus. 
 
 Th., Thomas, Thursday. 
 
 Th, thorium. 
 
 Thai (Ger.), valley, use now 
 TaU 
 
 Thaler^GQT.), ms^ now Ta-. 
 
 Thalia (Gr.), muse of joy; 
 pron. tha-ly'a. 
 
 thallium, symbol Tl. 
 
 Thanksgiving Day 
 
 (U.S.A.), last Thursday 
 in November (caps.). 
 
 Thara^vadi, Burma, not 
 Tharrawaddy. 
 
 that, refers to a person or 
 thing first mentioned, or 
 farther in order or place 
 than when this, these are 
 used ; pi. those. 
 
 37a 
 
TH:6 — THOROUGH 
 
 tbS (Fr. m.), tea. 
 
 ThesBtetus, disciple oi 
 Socrates. 
 
 theat., theatrical. 
 
 TbSitre fran^ais, Paris 
 (caj). T only). 
 
 tbecja (Lat.), a case, pron. 
 tha'ka ; pi. -as, pron. the'- 
 kg. 
 
 theirs (no apos.). 
 
 Thellusson's Act (law), 
 1800, to restrict accumula- 
 tion of property. 
 
 tbetnja (Gr.), a theme ; pi. 
 -ata. 
 
 Theo., Theodore. 
 
 theocracy, a priest-gov- 
 erned State, not -sy. 
 
 theol,, theology, -ian, -ical. 
 
 theologize, not -ise. 
 
 Theoph.,Theophilus,Theo- 
 phrastus. 
 
 theor., theorem. 
 
 theoret., theoretic,-al,-ally. 
 
 theorize, not -ise. 
 
 Theos.,theosophy,-ical,-ist. 
 
 therap., therapeutic, -s. 
 
 Theresa (St.), use Ter-. 
 
 Th6rdse (Fr.). 
 
 thermodynamics (one 
 word). 
 
 thermomet/er, -ric, abbr. 
 therm.om.. 
 
 Thermopylae (Pass of). 
 
 these, see this. 
 
 thes/is,^/. -es. 
 
 Thess., I, a Thessalonians, 
 Thessaly. 
 
 Thibet, thibet,«5«Ti-,ti-. 
 
 thimblerig, a trick (one 
 word). 
 
 thin/, -ner, -nish. 
 
 thirds cards (typ.), 3 x 
 1^2 in. or size of gentle- 
 man's visiting card, not 
 third — 
 
 Thirty-nine Articles 
 (the)(hyphen,two caps.). 
 
 thirty- twomo, ortrigesi- 
 mo-secundo, a book in 
 which each sheet forms 
 thirty-two leaves or sixty- 
 four pages, usually about 
 4Va X 3 in. ; abbr. 32mo. 
 
 Thirty Years War, 1618- 
 
 48 (caps., no apos.). 
 
 this, refers to a person or 
 thing which was last men- 
 tioned, or which is near- 
 est in order or place ; //. 
 these {see also that). 
 
 thole pin (naut.), not 
 -owl — , -owel — (two 
 words). 
 
 Thomas, abbr. T., Th., or 
 Thos. 
 
 Thompson(SirB., count 
 von Rumford), 1753- 
 1814, founder Royal Insti- 
 tution, London ; — (Sir 
 E. Maunde), 1840-, 
 librarian ; — (Sir Hen- 
 ry), 1820-1904, surgeon, 
 writer, etc. ; — (Silva- 
 nus, not Sy-, P.), 1851-, 
 physicist. 
 
 Thomsen*s disease, mus- 
 cular spasm. 
 
 Thomson (Prof. Arthur), 
 1 858-, anat. ; — (Sir C. 
 Wyville),i83o-82,zool. ; 
 
 — (James), 1700-48, 
 poet, *'The Seasons"; 
 
 — (James), 1834-82, 
 poet, "City of Dreadful 
 Night"; — (Prof. J. 
 Arthur), 1861-, zool. 
 and writer; — (Joseph), 
 1858-95, Afr. traveller ; 
 
 — (Prof. Sir Joseph 
 John), 1 856-, physicist ; 
 
 — (Sir William, Lord 
 Kelvin), 1824-1909, 
 math, and physicist. 
 
 Thomson's electrometer, 
 
 galvanometer, etc. 
 Tbor (Ger.), use now Tor. 
 thor/ax,/>/. -aces, 
 thorium, symbol Th. 
 thorn, the Ang.-Sax. }? )> 
 
 (see also eth). 
 Thomeycroft's Horse, 
 
 S. Africa. 
 Thomycroft (J. I. & 
 
 Co.), boat builders, Chis- 
 
 wick ; — (W. Hamo), 
 
 1850-, sculptor. 
 thorough, abbr. thoro*. 
 
 373 
 
THOROUGHBASS — TIMPANI 
 
 thoroughbass (mus.) (one 
 word). 
 
 thorough/bred, -going 
 (one word). 
 
 Thos., Thomas. 
 
 those, see that. 
 
 though, abbr. tho*. 
 
 thowel, use thole. 
 
 thrall, thraldom. 
 
 thrash, not thre-. 
 
 Threadneedle Street, 
 London (two words). 
 
 three-colour process, the 
 printing of coloured plates 
 by the superposition of 
 the three primary colours 
 on each other ; the blocks 
 being automatically dis- 
 sected by photography. 
 
 threescore, sixty (one 
 word). 
 
 thresh, use thra-. 
 
 thresher -whale, not thra- 
 (two words). 
 
 threshold, not -hhold. 
 
 thrill (mus.), use trill. 
 
 thro*, through. 
 
 Throskmorton (Sir N. 
 W.G.), 1515-71, diplom. 
 
 Throgmorton Avenue, 
 also Street, London, E.C. 
 
 Throndhjem, use Tro-. 
 
 through, abbr. thro*. 
 
 throw out (binding), to 
 mount a cut, map, etc., 
 upon a guard the size of 
 a page, so that it maj' re- 
 main in view while other 
 pages are read. 
 
 throw up (typ.), to render 
 prominent by use of bold 
 type, etc. 
 
 Thi^ja (bot.), use -ya. 
 
 Thule (Ultima), pron. 
 thu'16. 
 
 thunder (naut.), abbr. t. 
 Thur (Ger.), use Tur, 
 
 Thursday, abbr. Th. 
 
 thuya (bot.), not -ja. 
 
 T.H."W.M., Trinity High- 
 Water Mark. 
 
 th3rme, herb ; fron. tlm. 
 
 Thynne, family name of 
 Marquess of Bath. 
 
 Ti, titanium. 
 
 Tibet, Cent. Asia, not Th-. 
 
 tibet, a woollen fabric, not 
 th-. 
 
 tic douloureux, facial 
 neuralgia, not dol- (two 
 words). 
 
 Ticonderoga, New York. 
 
 tidbit, use tit-. 
 
 Tidw^orth, Andover, not 
 Te-. 
 
 tie, tying, not tieing. 
 
 Tien-tsin, port of Peking. 
 
 tiercel, a bird, not ter-. 
 
 Tierra del Fuego, S. 
 Amer., not Terra . 
 
 tiers 6tat (Fr. m.), the com- 
 mon people (not caps.). 
 
 Tietjens, use Titiens. 
 
 tiffin, lunch, not -ing. 
 
 tigerish, not tigr-. 
 
 Tighnabruaich, Argyl. 
 
 tight back (binding), the 
 cover fastened solidly to 
 the back, so that it does 
 not become hollow when 
 open. 
 
 tigrish, use tiger-. 
 
 tike, not ty-. 
 
 tilde, the mark as over the 
 Sp. «, « ; in Port. til. 
 
 Tilsit (Treaty of), not 
 -itt. 
 
 Tim., X and ^ Timothy. 
 
 timbre (mus.) (not ital.). 
 
 timbre-poste (Fr. m.), 
 postage-stamp ; pi. tilD' 
 bres , abbr. t.p. 
 
 Timbuktu, W. Africa, not 
 -buctoo. 
 
 time of day (typ.), to be 
 in figures with full point, 
 followed by a.m. or p.m. 
 in roman lower case, as 
 9.30 a. m. Such phrases as 
 half-past two, a quarter to 
 four, are better spelled 
 out (s« also date). 
 
 «* Times (The)," estab- 
 lished 1788 (caps.). 
 
 timist (mus.), not -eist 
 
 timpani (mus.), the or- 
 chestral kettle-drums, not 
 ty- (see a/50 tympanum). 
 
 374 
 
TIN — TITLE 
 
 tin {stannunt), symbol Sn. 
 
 tinct., tincture. 
 
 Tindal (Matthew), 1656- 
 1733, theol., not -all {see 
 also Tyn-). 
 
 tin-foil (hyphen). 
 
 tinging, not -eing. 
 
 Tinnevelly and Madura 
 (Bp. of), not -velli . 
 
 tin-plate (hyphen). 
 
 tinsel/, -led, -ling. 
 
 Tintagel, Cornwall, not -il ; 
 pron. tin-taj'el. 
 
 -tion (typ.), if necessary 
 at end of lines, carry over 
 this and not -ation, -ition, 
 etc. 
 
 tipo (It, Sp.), type. 
 
 Tipperary, Ireland. 
 
 tippet, not tipet. 
 
 tipstaff/, a bailiff ; pi. -s. 
 
 tirade, a long declamation. 
 
 tirailleur {Jr. m.), a sharp- 
 shooter. 
 
 tire (of a wheel), correct, 
 tireing (v.),6M^ty-usual. 
 
 titer {Ft. typ.), to print. 
 
 tiret (Fr. typ. m.), dash, or 
 rule. 
 
 tiro, use ty-. 
 
 'tis, for itis(apos., close up). 
 
 tit., title. 
 
 titanic (not cap.). 
 
 titanium, symbol Ti. 
 
 titbit, not tid- (one word). 
 
 Titell (Ger. tvp. m.), the 
 title; -blatt (n.), title 
 page ; -zeile (f.), head- 
 line (caps.). 
 
 tithe rent charge, abbr. 
 T.R.C. 
 
 Titiens (Teresa), 1831- 
 77, singer, not Tietjens. 
 
 titivate, not titt-. 
 
 title (binding), the panel on 
 the cover with the name. 
 
 title-deed (hyphen). 
 
 title page (typ.), should 
 contain : name of book, 
 author, publisher, place of 
 publication, date of pub- 
 lication (this should never 
 be omitted) in arable 
 figures {not roman nu- 
 
 title page (cont.). 
 
 merals). It need have no 
 points at ends of lines 
 {see also preliminary 
 matter), 
 title pages. Report of 
 the Committee of the 
 Publishers' Association 
 of Great Britain and Ire- 
 land, 1898:— 
 
 "(i)Date. (a)Thatthe 
 title page of every book 
 should bear the date of 
 the year of publication, 
 i.e. of the year in which 
 the impression, or the re- 
 issue, of which it forms 
 a part, was first put on 
 the market. (b) That 
 when stock is reissued in 
 a new form, the title page 
 should bear the date of 
 the new issue, and each 
 copy should be described 
 as a ' reissue,' either on 
 the title page or in a 
 bibliographical note, (c) 
 That the date at which 
 a book was last revised 
 should be indicated either 
 on the title page or in a 
 bibliographical note. 
 
 "(2) Bibliographical 
 Note. That the biblio- 
 graphical note should, 
 when possible, be printed 
 on the back of the title 
 pa^e, in order that it may 
 not be separated there- 
 from in binding. 
 
 ''(3) Impression, Edi- 
 tion, Reissue. That for 
 bibliographical purposes 
 definite meanings should 
 be attached to these 
 words when used on a 
 title page, and the follow- 
 ing are recommended : — 
 
 '^Impression. — A num- 
 ber of copies printed at 
 any one time. When a 
 book is reprinted without 
 change it should be called 
 a new impression^ to dis- 
 
 375 
 
TITLE — TO-NIQHT 
 
 title pages (conf.). 
 
 tinguish it from an edition 
 as defined below. 
 
 ^^ Edition. — An impres- 
 sion in which the matter 
 has undergone some 
 change, or for which the 
 type has been reset. 
 
 * ^Reissue A republica- 
 tion at a difierent price, 
 or in a different form, of 
 part of an impression 
 which has already been 
 placed on the market. 
 
 " (4) Localisation. 
 When the circulation of 
 an impression of a book is 
 limited by agreement to 
 a particular area, that each 
 copy of that impression 
 should bear a conspicuous 
 notice to that effect.' 
 
 "Addendum. In cases 
 where a book has been 
 reprinted many times, 
 and revised a less number 
 of times, it is suggested 
 that the intimation to 
 that effect should be as 
 follows, e.g. : — 
 
 "Fifteenth Impression 
 (Third Edition). This 
 would indicate that the 
 book had been printed 
 fifteen times, and that in 
 the course of those fifteen 
 impressions it had been 
 revised or altered twice." 
 
 title-rdle (hyphen, 6). 
 
 titles (cited), of articles in 
 magazines, of books, chap- 
 ters in books,of magazines, 
 newspapers, paintings, 
 periodicals, reviews, and 
 sculptures, to be reman 
 double-quoted, not italic. 
 
 title-sheet (typ.), that con- 
 taining the preliminary 
 matter. 
 
 titles ofhonour, as LL. D. , 
 F. R. S. ,are usually in caps. 
 Frequently s.caps. give a 
 better general effect {see 
 also compound ranks). 
 
 title type, caps, occupying 
 
 space of two ordinary 
 
 lines. 
 titre (Fr. typ. m.), title, 
 tit-tat-to, a game (hy- 
 phens). 
 tittivate, use titi-. 
 Titus, not to be abbreviated. 
 Tl, thallium. 
 T.O., turn over. 
 Tobago, W. Ind., not Ta-. 
 Tobit (Apocr.), not to be 
 
 abbreviated. 
 toboggan/, not -ogan ; 
 
 -ing. 
 Tocqueville (A. C. H. C. 
 
 de), 1805-59, Fr. writer, 
 to-day (hyphen). 
 to-do, commotion (hyphen). 
 toffee, not -y. 
 toga/, the Roman mantle; 
 
 //. -s. 
 tolle (Fr. f.), linen-cloth. 
 toilet, not -ette. 
 toilette (Fr. f.), toilet. 
 Toison (Tor (Fr. f.), the 
 
 golden fleece. 
 Tokay, a wine. 
 token (typ.), halfa ream, or 
 
 250 impressions on press. 
 Tokio, cap. of Japan, not 
 
 -yo ; formerly Yeddo. 
 Toler, family name of Earl 
 
 of Norbury. 
 Tolstoy (Count Leo), 
 
 1828-, writer, not -oi. 
 tomalley, so-called liver of 
 
 lobster, not -ly. 
 tomato/, pi. -es. 
 tome (Fr. m.), a volume; 
 
 abbr. t. 
 to-morrow (hyphen). 
 tom-tit, the bird (hyphen), 
 ton/ (weight), -s, abbr. t. 
 ion (Fr. m.), style. 
 Tonbridge, ' but Tun- 
 bridge Wells, 
 tonsillitis, not -ilitis. 
 Tone (T. Wolfe), 1763- 
 
 98, Ir. patriot. 
 Tongking, China, «o/Tun-, 
 
 Tonkin, Tonquin. 
 Tonic Sol-fa (one hyphen), 
 to-night (hyphen). 
 
 376 
 
TONN. — THAIL 
 
 tonn., tonnage. 
 
 tonne (Fr. f.), looo kilo- 
 grams. 
 
 ionneau (Fr. m.), ton, 
 tun, or cask ; abbr. t. 
 
 Tooke (J. Home), 1736- 
 1812, writer. 
 
 tooled edges (binding), 
 those with impressed de- 
 signs. 
 
 toothpick (one word). 
 
 topinambour (Fr. m.), 
 Jerusalem artichoke. 
 
 Toplitz, use Te-. 
 
 top -mast (hyphen). 
 
 topog., topograph}', -ical. 
 
 topay-turvy (hyphen). 
 
 Tor (Ger. m.), fool; (n.) 
 gate, not now Th- (cap.). 
 
 tore, use torque. 
 
 tormentor, not -er. 
 
 tornado/, pi -es. 
 
 torniquet, use tour-. 
 
 torpedo/, pi. -es. 
 
 Torphichen (Baron), 
 pron. tor' fi- ken. 
 
 torque, a gold ornament, 
 (mech.) turning move- 
 ment, not tore. 
 
 Torquemada (Thomas 
 de), 1420-98, Inquisitor. 
 
 Torres Vedras, near Lis- 
 bon (no hyphen). 
 
 torso/ (sculp.), the trunk ; 
 pi. -s. 
 
 iortuel (Fr. f.), turtle ; — 
 claire, clear turtle soup. 
 
 totalize, not -ise. 
 
 totidem vert)is (Lat. ), in so 
 many words. 
 
 toties quoties (Lat.), as 
 often the one, ^so often 
 the other. 
 
 ioto CSSlo (Lat.), diamet- 
 rically opposed, not — cce-. 
 
 iOtum (Lat.), the whole. 
 
 ioujours\perdrix{¥v.\ioo 
 much of one good thing ; 
 — prSt, always ready. 
 
 iourj (Fr. m.\ a tour ; (f.) 
 tower ; — a tour, alter- 
 nately ; — d*adresse 
 ( m. ), legerdemain ; — 
 de force, a feat of 
 
 strength or skill; tourde 
 main, sleight of hand. 
 
 Tourgu6niev (I. S.), 
 1818-83, Russ. novelist, 
 not the many variations. 
 
 tourmaline, not -in. 
 
 Toumai, Belgium. 
 
 Tournay, France. 
 
 tourniquet, not tor-. 
 
 iournure (Fr. f.), contour, 
 figure, (dress) bustle. 
 
 tourte (Fr. f.), tart. 
 
 toutl h coup, or — d*un 
 coup (Fr.), suddenly, all 
 at once ; — h fait, en- 
 tirely; — co«/r/, abruptly; 
 
 — (fem^me, all the same; 
 
 — de suite, imme- 
 diately; — ensemble, 
 the general effect (no hy- 
 phens). 
 
 towel/, -ling. 
 
 town, abbr. t. 
 
 town cards (typ.), 3 x 2 in. 
 
 town/ councillor, Ko/-ilor, 
 
 — hall (two words). 
 Townshend (Marquess, 
 
 not of) ; — (R. B.), 1846-, 
 
 writer. 
 township, abbr. t. 
 toxicol., toxicology, -ical. 
 toxin, not -ine. 
 toxophilite, of archery. 
 t.p. (Fr.), tinibre{^s)'Poste 
 
 (postage-stamp). 
 Tr., trustee. 
 
 tr/ (typ.), see transpose, 
 traceable, «o/ -cable, 
 trache/a, />/. -8b. 
 Tractarian/, -ism (caps.). 
 tractor, not -er. 
 trade-mark (hyphen). 
 trade/ union (two words) ; 
 
 pi. — unions, not trades- ; 
 
 abbr. T.U. 
 traduction (Fr. f.), trans- 
 lation. 
 traffic/, -ked, -ker. 
 irafic (Fr. m.), trade, 
 trag., tragedy, tragic. 
 tragedi/an, a tragic actor ; 
 
 fern. -enne. 
 Trail (J. W. H.), 185 1-, 
 
 botanist. 
 
 377 
 
TBAILL — TKOMPETTE 
 
 Traill (Anthony), 1838-, 
 Provost T.C.D. 1904 ; — 
 (H. D.), 1842-1900, 
 writer. 
 
 trait, pron, tra, in Amer. 
 trat. 
 
 trait d* union (Fr. typ. m.), 
 the hyphen. 
 
 trammel/, -led, -ling. 
 
 tranquil/, -lity, -lize, -ly. 
 
 trans., transactions, trans- 
 itive, translated, -ion, -or. 
 
 transact/, -or. 
 
 transatlantic (one word, 
 not cap.). 
 
 Transcaucasia, Russia 
 (one word). 
 
 transf., transferred. 
 
 transfer/, -able, -ence, 
 -red, -rer, -ring. 
 
 transform/, -ator, -er. 
 
 transgress/, -ible, -or. 
 
 tranship/, -ment (one 
 word), not transs-. 
 
 transitive, abbr. trans. 
 
 translat/ed, -ion, -or, 
 abbr. trans. ; -able. 
 
 transmissible, not -able. 
 
 transpose (typ.), to move 
 letters, words, lines, etc., 
 from one place to another ; 
 tr/ being written in the 
 margin, and a line put 
 round the matter pointing 
 to where it is to be trans- 
 ferred (see also proof 
 correction marks). 
 
 Transvaal, S. Africa. 
 
 tratto (Tunione (It. typ.), 
 the hyphen. 
 
 trattoria (It. f.), cook-shop. 
 
 Trav., travels. 
 
 travel/, -led, -ler, -ling. 
 
 Travellers' Club, London 
 (apos. at end), 
 
 T.R.C., Thames Rowing 
 Club, tithe rent charge. 
 
 Treas., treasurer, treasury. 
 
 tree - calf (binding), a 
 bright-brown calf stained 
 with a conventional tree- 
 like design. 
 
 Treitschke (H. Q. von), 
 1834-96, Ger. hist. 
 
 trek/ (S. Afr.), to journey, 
 
 not -ck ; -ker. 
 Trelawny, not -ey. 
 tremor, no/ -our. 
 trente-et-quarante (Fr. 
 
 m.), a gambling game. 
 ti^S bien (Fr.), very good. 
 Tresco, Scilly. 
 Trescowe, Cornwall. 
 tresj distingui (Fr.), very 
 
 distinguished ; — peu, 
 
 very little. 
 trestle, a table support, not 
 
 tressel. 
 trevet, use tri-. 
 T.K.H., Their Royal 
 
 Highnesses. 
 tria Juncta in a no (Lat.), 
 
 three joined in one. 
 tricolour, the Fr. flag (one 
 
 word); in Fr. m. drapeau 
 
 tricolore. 
 trigesimo-secundo, see 
 
 thirty-twomo. 
 trigon., trigonometry, -ical. 
 trill (mus.), not th-. 
 trillion, in Eng. a million 
 
 million millions ; in Fr. 
 
 and U.S.A., a million 
 
 millions. 
 Trimleston (Baron), 
 
 pron. trim'less-. 
 trimmed edges, see 
 
 edges. 
 Trin., Trinity. 
 Trinity Sunday, the one 
 
 after Whit-Sunday. 
 triphthong, three vowels 
 
 in a single syllable as 
 
 eau in beau. 
 tripos/, Camb. examination; 
 
 pron. tri'p6s, pi. -es. 
 Tristan* da Cunha, S. 
 
 Atlantic, not — d'Acunha. 
 triturat/e, -or. 
 triumviri (Lat.), pi. -/; 
 
 Eng. pi. -s. 
 trivet, not tre-. 
 trivial (Fr. adj.), vulgar. 
 trocar, surgical instrument, 
 
 not -har. 
 trolly, not -ey. 
 trompette (Fr. m.). trum- 
 peter ; (f.) trumpet. 
 
 378 
 
TRONDHJEM — TWEEDIE 
 
 Trondhjem, Norway, not 
 Th-. 
 
 tropsBolum/ (bot.), pi. -s. 
 
 tropical (not cap.). 
 
 trottoir (Fr. ni.)/the foot 
 pavement. 
 
 trousers, not trow-. 
 
 trousseau/, dress outfit; 
 pi. -X ^notital.). 
 
 trouvaille (Fr. f.), a 
 lucky find. 
 
 troy weight, r lb., 12 oz., 
 240 pennyweights, 5760 
 grains (not cap.). 
 
 Trs., Trustees. 
 
 truitel (Fr. f.), trout ; — 
 au bleu, brook trout ; — 
 de laCf lake trout ; — 
 sauaionSe, salmon trout. 
 
 trumpet/, -ed, -ing. 
 
 Truron., signature of Bp. 
 of Truro (full point). 
 
 trustee, abbr. Tr.,/>/. Trs. 
 
 T.S. (paper), tub-sized. 
 
 Tsad (Lake), Sudan, use 
 — Tchad. 
 
 Tsar of Russia; Tsare- 
 vitch, his son ; Tsarev- 
 na, his dau. ; Tsarina, 
 his wife (in Russ. 
 Tsaritza) : not Cz-, Tz-. 
 
 Tsarskoye Selo, near St. 
 Petersburg, imperial resi- 
 dence, not Tz-. 
 
 Tsehaikovsky (P. P.), 
 1840-93, Russ, composer. 
 
 Tschigorin, use Teh-. 
 
 Tschudi (A.), 1505-72, 
 Swiss historian (^see also 
 Tchudi). 
 
 Tsech, use Czech*. 
 
 tsetse fly,«o;tzetze ; pron. 
 set'sd. 
 
 T.S.S., twin-screw steam- 
 ship. 
 
 t.t.l., to take leave. 
 
 T.U., trade union, -s. 
 
 tub/a, bass saxhorn ;pl. -se. 
 
 Tubingen, Ger. town and 
 university. 
 
 T.U.C., Trade Union Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Tuesday, abbr. T., or 
 Tues. 
 
 Tuileries, Paris (one /). 
 
 tulle, fine silk fabric. 
 
 tumbrel, a cart, not -il. 
 
 tumour, not -or. 
 
 tumul/us, pi. -i (not 
 ital.). 
 
 tun/ (cask), -s, abbr. t. 
 
 Tunbridge "Wells, but 
 Tonbridge. 
 
 tungsten, symbol W. 
 
 tunnel/, -led, -ling. 
 
 tu quoque! (Lat.), thou 
 also ! 
 
 Tiir (Ger. f.), door, not now 
 Th- (cap.). 
 
 turbot (Fr. m.), turbot. 
 
 Turco, Fr. Algerian sol- 
 dier, not -ko. 
 
 Turcoman, use Turko-. 
 
 tureen, not terreen. 
 
 Turgenieff, use Tour- 
 gueniefF. 
 
 Turk., Turkey, -ish. 
 
 Turkestan, not Turki-. 
 
 turkey red (not cap.). 
 
 Turkoman/, of Turkestan, 
 not Turco- ; pi. -s. 
 
 turned commas (typ.), 
 those used at the com- 
 mencement of a quotation, 
 as these ", two apostro- 
 phes being at the end. 
 Together they are called 
 " quotes " {see also quo- 
 tation marks). 
 
 Turner (Joseph Mal- 
 lord — not -ad, -ard — 
 William), 1775-1851, 
 painter. 
 
 Tumour, family name of 
 Earl Winterton. 
 
 turn over, abbr. T.O. 
 
 Tuskar Rock, lighthouse, 
 Wexford. 
 
 tussoGk-grass, not -ac. 
 
 iuum (Lat.), thine {see also 
 tneum). 
 
 T.V.R. (elec), tempera- 
 ture variation of resist- 
 ance. 
 
 Tweeddale (Marquess 
 of). 
 
 Tweedie (Mrs. Alec), 
 
 379 
 
TWEEDY — TYPE 
 
 Tweedy (John), P. R. C. S. , 
 1904. 
 
 tw^eeny-maid, a servant 
 who assists in both cook- 
 ery and house- work. 
 
 Twelfth Day, 6 January. 
 
 twelvemo or duodecimo 
 (typ.), a book each sheet 
 of which forms twelve 
 leaves or twenty-four 
 pages, size usually about 
 7V2 X 4V3 '°' ; abbr. 12mo. 
 
 tw^enty-fourmo or vige- 
 simo-quarto (typ.), a 
 book each sheet of 
 which forms twenty-four 
 leaves or forty - eight 
 pages, usually about 5 x 
 3^2 in- ; abbr. 24m.o. 
 
 tw^entym.0 or vigesimo 
 (typ.), a book each 
 sheet of which forms 
 twenty leaves or forty 
 pages, usually about 5x3 
 in. ; abbr. 20mo. 
 
 Twerton-on-Avon, Bath, 
 not Twiver-, Tiver-. 
 
 Twisleton - Wykeham - 
 Piennes, family name of 
 Baron Saye and Sele. 
 
 tw^o-line/ (typ.), having a 
 depth of body (or height 
 of letter on printed page) 
 equal to double that of the 
 size specified, as two-line 
 pica ; — tjrpe, plain initial 
 letters occupying two lines 
 in depth, and used at the 
 commencement of a chap- 
 ter, advert., etc. 
 
 T.Y.C. (racing),Two-Year- 
 old Course. 
 
 tying, not tie-. 
 
 T^ler (John), 1790- 1862, 
 Amer. Pres. 184 1-5. 
 
 Tylor (Sir E. B.), 1832-, 
 anthropologist, 
 
 tympan/nm, the ear-drum ; 
 pi. -a (s*-* a/50 timpani). 
 
 Tyndale (William), d. 
 1536, translator of Bible 
 {see also Tindal). 
 
 TyndaU (John), 1820-93, 
 physicist. 
 
 380 
 
 Tynemouth, Northumb. ; 
 
 pron. tin'muth {see also 
 
 Teign-). 
 typ., typographer, -ic, 
 
 -ical, -ly. 
 type, the most used kinds 
 
 in order of size: 
 
 pearl 4 K point. 
 
 nonpareil 6 „ 
 
 minion 7 ,^ 
 
 brevier 8 ,, 
 
 bourgeois 8^ „ 
 
 long primer ...9^,, 
 {pron. prim'er). 
 
 small pica 10^ „ 
 pica 12 „ 
 
 enghsh 14 „ 
 great pri- 
 mer 18 ,, 
 
 {Seealso &g8ite,Antiqua, 
 bastard, bold face, 
 bourgeois, brevier, 
 brilliant, Brotschrift, 
 Canon, Caslon, Cax- 
 ton, church - text, 
 clarendon, diamond, 
 double english, — 
 paragon, — pica, 
 
 Elzevir, emerald, 
 
 English, expanded,f at 
 face, Fraktur, full- 
 faced, gem, German 
 text, Gothic, great 
 primer, grotesque, 
 bagere Scbrifty hair- 
 line letter. Imperial, 
 inferior characters, 
 italic, Kanon, kern, 
 lead, iean-fsuiejiegende 
 Schrlft, logotype, long 
 primer. Miller and 
 Richard's, minion, 
 minionette, Mittel, 
 modern-face, nick, 
 nonpareil, old-Eng- 
 lish, — face. — style, 
 paragon, pearl, pica 
 type, point system, 
 primer, quadrat. 
 
TYPEWKITER — TZETZE 
 
 reglet, roman, ronde, 
 rotondo, ruby, rule, 
 runic, sans serif, 
 Schrift, script, serif, 
 skeleton, small pica, 
 spaces, superior char- 
 acters, swash, title 
 type.) 
 
 typewriter, the machine. 
 
 typewritten copy (typ.), 
 this should always be re- 
 vised before being sent 
 to press. It is charged 
 as " manuscript," not 
 *' printed," in Amer. by 
 U.S. law. 
 
 typist, the user of a type- 
 writer. 
 
 typography, the act, 
 process, or art of com- 
 posing and printing from 
 types, etc. ; abbr. typ. 
 
 TypothetSB, American so- 
 ciety of master printers. 
 
 tyrannize, not -ise. 
 
 tyre (of a wheel), usual, but 
 ti- correct. 
 
 tyro, pi. -s, not ti-. 
 
 Tyrol, Austria ; in Ger. 
 Ti-. 
 
 Tyrwhitt, pron. tir'rit. 
 
 Tzar/, -evitch, -evna, 
 -ina, use Ts-. 
 
 Tzarskoye Selo, use 
 Tsars . 
 
 tzetze fly, use tsetse — . 
 
 881 
 
T NOTES 
 
 38a 
 
tJ. — UNCHEISTIAN 
 
 u 
 
 U., all proper names 
 
 with this initial, the 
 twentieth in a series, 
 
 (Ger.) 6%r(clock, o'clock). 
 U, uranium. 
 (U.), Unionist. 
 U., (Ger.) und (and), unter 
 
 (among), (naut.) ugly, 
 
 threatening weather. 
 U. a. (Ger.), uttd andre (and 
 
 others), unter andern 
 
 (among others). 
 U. a. m. (Ger.), undandres 
 
 ntehr (and so forth). 
 ubique (Lat.), everywhere. 
 ubi supra (Lat), in the 
 
 place above (mentioned) ; 
 
 abbr. U.S. 
 U.C., University College, 
 
 Upper Canada. 
 U.c. (typ.), upper case, (It. 
 
 mus.) una corda (on one 
 
 string) ; U.C.Ij., Univer- 
 sity College, London ; 
 
 U.C.S., ditto School. 
 Udaipur, Ind., not Odey- 
 
 pore, Oodey-, Ude-. 
 U.D.C., Urban District 
 
 Council. 
 U.E.I.C., United East 
 
 India Company. 
 U.F.C., United Free Church 
 
 (of Scotland). 
 XJfiQzi Gallery, Florence, 
 
 not -izzi. 
 TJhlan, Ger. light cavalry 
 
 soldier; in Ger. Ulan. 
 Uhland (J. L.), 1787- 
 
 1862, Ger. poet, 
 (//ir/ (Ger. f.), clock, o'clock; 
 
 pi. -en, abbr. U. (cap.). 
 U.J.D., Utriusque Juris 
 
 Doctor (Doctor of both 
 
 Laws). 
 U.K., United Kingdom. 
 U.K.A., Ulster King-of- 
 
 Arms, United Kingdom 
 
 Alliance. 
 
 ukase, Russian edict, not 
 
 oukaz. 
 Ulan, Ger. m. for Uhlan. 
 
 Ullswater, Cumberland, 
 not Ulles-. 
 
 Ulster, Ireland. 
 
 ulster, a coat (not cap.). 
 
 Ulster King-of-Arms*, 
 
 not at (cap. U, two 
 
 hyphens); abbr. U.K.A. 
 
 ult. (should not be printed), 
 ultimo (last [month]). 
 
 Uhimal (Lat. f.), final ; — 
 basreSf the Crown or the 
 State ; — ratio, the last 
 resource ; — ratio re- 
 gum , resort to arms (set 
 also Thule). 
 
 ultimatum/, pi. -a. 
 
 ultimo (Lat.), last month ; 
 abbr. Ult. (this should 
 not be printed). 
 
 ultimum vale (Lat.), the 
 last farewell. 
 
 ultra} (Lat), beyond, 
 extreme ; — vires, 
 beyond legal power. 
 
 Umballa, Ind., use Am.-. 
 
 umbiia, a shadow ; pi. -as, 
 
 umbrella/, pi. -a. 
 
 um.laut, see A, a and 
 ascents and diasriti- 
 cal marks. 
 
 Umritsur, Ind., use Am- 
 ritsar. 
 
 una corda (It mus.), with 
 one string, or on the piano 
 with soft pedal ; abbr. u.c, 
 
 unanimous (a, not an). 
 
 unapparell/e<i -ing. 
 
 unauthorize, not -ise. 
 
 una voce (Lat), unan- 
 imously. 
 
 unbaptize, not -ise. 
 
 unbiased, not -ssed. 
 
 unburden, not -then. 
 
 uncanny, not -ie. 
 
 unchristian (one word). 
 
UNCIATIM — URBI 
 
 unclatim (Lat), ounce by 
 ounce. 
 
 unclench, see clench. 
 
 luiclinch, see clinch. 
 
 uncut edges, see edges. 
 
 und\ (Ger.), and, abbr. u.; 
 — /Ill(/re,and others, abbr. 
 u. a. ; — andres mebr, 
 and so forth, abbr. u.a.m. 
 
 under-estimate (hyphen). 
 
 underhand (one word). 
 
 underlay (typ.), to make 
 type, cuts, etc., type-high. 
 
 underlie, not -ly. 
 
 underline (theat.), to 
 announce a forthcoming 
 performance at the foot 
 of an advertisement ; 
 (typ.) use single line for 
 italics ; double, for small 
 capitals ; treble, for large 
 capitals ; wavy, for special 
 type, as clarendon. 
 
 under/sell, -tone (one 
 word). 
 
 under "way, moving, not 
 — weigh (two words). 
 
 undj so fort (Ger.), and 
 so on, abbr. usf. ; — SO 
 weiter, and so forth, 
 or etc., abbr. usw. 
 
 unenclosed*, not unin-. 
 
 uneven pages (typ.), 
 those with odd folios, as 
 I, 3, 5, the right-hand, 
 or recto, pages. 
 
 ungariscb (Ger. ), Hungar- 
 ian; abbr. UBg.{not cap.). 
 
 Ungarn, Ger. n. for Hun- 
 gary. 
 
 ungathered (typ.), printed 
 sheets not arranged in 
 book order. 
 
 unguent. 
 
 unicorn, uniform, union, 
 unison (a, «o/an). 
 
 Unionist, abbr. (U.). 
 
 uni/son, in Fr. -sson. 
 
 Unit., Unitarian, -ism. 
 
 unit (a, not an). 
 
 Unlias Fratrum (Lat.), off. 
 for Moravian Church. 
 
 United Free Church of 
 Scotland (caps.), abbr. 
 
 U.P.C.; United/ King- 
 dom (caps.), abbr. U.K.; 
 
 — Kingdom Alliance 
 [for the suppression of the 
 liquor traflfic] (caps.), 
 abbr. U.K.A. ; — Pres- 
 byterian/, abbr. U.P. ; 
 
 — — Church (caps.), 
 abbr. U.P.C. {see also 
 U.S., U.S.I., U.S.S., 
 U.S.V.). 
 
 Univ., University. 
 
 universal (a, not an) ; 
 abbr. univ. 
 
 universalize, not -ise. 
 
 unlicensed. 
 
 urnn., unmarried. 
 
 unmistakable, not -cable. 
 
 unmould, not -mold. 
 
 uno animo (Lat.), unan- 
 imously. 
 
 unopened edges, see 
 edges. 
 
 unparalleled. 
 
 unrival/, -led. 
 
 unsaleable, not -lable. 
 
 unserviceable, not -cable. 
 
 imskilful. 
 
 unterj (Ger.), among, abbr. 
 u. ; — andera, — others, 
 abbr. u. a. 
 
 until (typ.), should not be 
 divided. 
 
 untrammelled. 
 
 untravelled, not -eled. 
 
 U.P., United Presbyterian, 
 
 u.p., under proof. 
 
 up., upper. 
 
 U.P.C, United Presby 
 terian Church. 
 
 uphroe (naut.), a crow- 
 foot, use euphroe*. 
 
 upper case (typ.), the 
 case containing caps 
 s.caps., reference marks 
 and accents ; abbr. u.c. 
 
 upstairs (one word). 
 
 up-to-date,adj. (hyphens) 
 
 uraemia (path.), not ure-. 
 
 Ural Mountains, not Ou- 
 
 uranium, symbol U. 
 
 urari, use curare*. 
 
 urbiet orbi (Lat.), to the 
 city (Rome) and the world. 
 
 384 
 
URETHRA — UZilS 
 
 urethr/a (anat.), pl -». 
 
 Urim and Thuminim 
 (Scrip.) QXG plurals. 
 
 Urquhart, pron. urk'urt. 
 
 Uru., Uruguay. 
 
 U.S., United Service, — 
 States; U.S., ubi supra 
 (in the place above [men- 
 tioned]), ut supra (as 
 above) ; U.S.A., United 
 States Army, — — of 
 America. 
 
 usable, not -eable. 
 
 U.S.C, United States of 
 Colombia. 
 
 useful (a, not an). 
 
 usf . (Ger. ), und so fort (and 
 so on). 
 
 U.S.I., United Service 
 Institution ; U.S.L,, 
 
 United States Legation ; 
 U.S.M., ditto Mail, ditto 
 Marines ; U.S.M.A., 
 ditto Military Academy ; 
 U.S.N., ditto Navy ; 
 U.S.W.A., ditto Naval 
 Academy ; U.S.P. or 
 U.S.Pharm., ditto Phar- 
 macopoeia. 
 
 usquebaugh (Gaelic), 
 whisky. 
 
 U.S.S., United States 
 
 Senate, ditto Ship, ditto 
 
 Steamer ;U.S.S.C., ditto 
 
 Supreme Court. 
 usu., usual, -ly. 
 usurper (a, not an). 
 U.S.V., United States 
 
 Volunteers. 
 USW. (Ger.), und so wetter 
 
 (and so forth, or etc.). 
 U.T., Utah Territory. 
 Ut., Utah. 
 Utakamund, not Ootaca- 
 
 mund, 
 ut dictum (Lat.), as di- 
 rected ; abbr. ut diet, 
 utilize, not -ise. 
 Ut infra (Lat.), as be- 
 
 lowr. 
 Uti possidetis (Lat.), as 
 
 you nov^r possess (opposed 
 
 to status quo ante). 
 Utopia/, -n (caps.). 
 ut supra (Lat.), as above : 
 
 abbr. U.S. 
 uxor (Lat.), wife; abbr. 
 
 ux, 
 Uzanne (Octave), 1852-, 
 
 Fr. writer. 
 Uzds (duchesse d*), 
 
 1848-, Fr. writer. 
 
 25 
 
U NOTES 
 
 886 
 
V. — VAEIETY 
 
 v., Vice-, Volunteers, all 
 proper names with this 
 initial ; it is not used 
 in the numeration of 
 series. 
 
 V, five, vanadium, (elec.) 
 volt, (math.) potential 
 energy. 
 
 v., ventral, verse, (math.) 
 vector, (phys.) velocity. 
 
 V. (Lat.), versus (against), 
 vide (see), (mus.) violino 
 (violin), voce (voice). 
 
 5^, sign for versicle. 
 
 V.A., Vicar-Apostolic, Vice- 
 Admiral, (Order of) 
 Victoria and Albert (for 
 ladies), Volunteer Artil- 
 lery. 
 
 Va., Virginia (offic. abbr.). 
 
 V.a., vixtt . . . annos (lived 
 [so many] years). 
 
 vacillation. 
 
 vaccinat/e, -or. 
 
 vacu/um, pi. -a. 
 
 vade-meoiun/, pi. -s (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 vae victlst (Lat.), v^oe to 
 the vanquished ! 
 
 vaille que vallle (Fr.), 
 whatever it may be worth, 
 at all events. 
 
 vainglor/y, -ious (one 
 word). 
 
 Vakat (Ger. typ. n.), blank 
 page. 
 
 vale (Lat.), farewell. 
 
 Valencia, Spain. 
 
 Valenciennes lace. 
 
 Valentia Island; Vis- 
 count — , not -cia. 
 
 Valentine's Day (St.), 
 14 February (apos.). 
 
 valet/, man-servant ; — de 
 chambre, a body-ser- 
 vant (not ital.); valetj 
 de piedf footman ; — de 
 place, a local guide (ital.). 
 
 Valhalla, not W-. 
 
 387 
 
 valkyrie, not w-. 
 
 Valladolid, Spain. 
 
 Valletort (Viscount), 
 pron. val'a-tort. 
 
 Vallombrosa, N. Italy, 
 not Vallam-. 
 
 valour, but valorous. 
 
 Valparaiso, pron. -I'zo. 
 
 valse (Fr. f.), waltz. 
 
 Vauib6ry (Arminius), 
 1832-, Hung, traveller. 
 
 van, or van der (typ.), 
 this prefix usually I.e., 
 but copy signature. 
 
 vanadium, symbol V. 
 
 Vanbrugh, pron.van broo. 
 
 Van Dienien*8 Land, 
 not — Dieman's — 
 (apos.) ; now Tasmania. 
 
 Van Dyck (Sir An- 
 thony), 1599-1641, 
 painter (two words). 
 
 Van Dyke (Rev. H.), 
 1 852-, writer. 
 
 Vandyke/ brown, — 
 collar, — edge, — lace, 
 etc., not -dyck (two words, 
 not cap.). 
 
 Vane - Tempest - Stew- 
 art, family name of 
 Marquess of London- 
 derry (hyphens). 
 
 Vanhomrigh (Esther), 
 1692-1733, Swift's "Van- 
 essa." 
 
 van't Hoflf'( Jacobus H.), 
 1 852-, Du. chemist. 
 
 vaporize, not -ise. 
 
 vapour, but vaporous. 
 
 var. (biol.), variety, (math.) 
 variant. 
 
 varija lectioj (Lat.), a 
 variant reading, abbr. 
 V.I.; pi. -« -nes, abbr. 
 
 W.11. 
 
 variant (math.), abbr. 
 
 var. 
 variety (biol.), abbr. var. 
 
 {see also botany). 
 
 25 
 
VARIOKUM — VEREINIGTE 
 
 variorum edition, one 
 with notes by various 
 commentators. 
 
 variorum notas (Lat.), 
 notes by commentators. 
 
 vasj (an at.), a duct ; pi. -a. 
 
 vascul/um, bot. specimen 
 case ; pi. -a. 
 
 Vassar College, New 
 York. 
 
 Vat., Vatican. 
 
 Vaux (Baron), pron. 
 vox. 
 
 V.B., Volunteer Battalion. 
 
 vb., verb. 
 
 V.C., Vice-Chairman, — 
 -Chancellor, Victoria 
 
 Cross; V. Cbr. (Ger.), 
 vorChristus, vor Christ o, or 
 vor Christi Geburi (b.c). 
 
 V.D., Volunteer (officers) 
 Decoration; v.d., various 
 dates ; V.D.M. (Amen), 
 Verbi Dei Minister 
 (Preacher of the Word 
 of God). 
 
 v^, veuve (widow). 
 
 veau] (Fr. m.), calf, (cook.) 
 veal, (binding) calf, calf- 
 skin ; — racine aux 
 nerfs, tree-marbled calf 
 with bands. 
 
 vector (math.), abbr. v. 
 
 vedette, mounted sentinel, 
 not vi-. 
 
 Vehmgericht/, Ger. medi- 
 aeval tribunal, not Feh-, 
 Fem- ; pi. -e (not ital.). 
 
 veille (Fr. f.), the day 
 before, eve (see also 
 vielle). 
 
 Velazquez (D. de Silva^, 
 1599-1660, Sp. painter, 
 not Velas- ; Sp. pron. va- 
 luth-keth. 
 
 veld, Afr. unforested coun- 
 try, not -dt ; pron. felt. 
 
 vellum/, very smooth 
 parchment ; — -paper, 
 that imitating vellum. 
 
 velocity (phys.), abbr. v. 
 
 velvety. 
 
 Ven., Venerable (used to 
 Archdeacon only). 
 
 venaison (Fr. f.), venison. 
 
 venal, of a vein, also sordid 
 (see also venial). 
 
 Vendue (La), dep. France. 
 
 vend/er, in law -or. 
 
 vendetta, a blood feud 
 (not ital.). 
 
 Venddme Colonne, and 
 Place, Paris. 
 
 venerat/e, -or. 
 
 venesection, blood-letting. 
 
 Venet., Venetian. 
 
 Venetian blind (not cap.). 
 
 Venezuela, abbr. Venez., 
 pron. ven'ez-wfil-a. 
 
 venial, pardonable (see also 
 venal). 
 
 vente au rabais (Fr. f.), 
 sale at reduced prices. 
 
 ventilat/e, -or. 
 
 ventral, abbr. v. 
 
 ventre k terre (Fr.), at full 
 speed. 
 
 ventriloquize, not -ise. 
 
 Ver, (Ger.), Verein (Asso- 
 ciation). 
 
 vera causa (Lat.), a true 
 cause. 
 
 veranda, not -ah. 
 
 verb, abbr. vb. 
 
 verbalize, not -ise. 
 
 verbatim (Lat.), word for 
 word (not ital.) ; ver- 
 batim, literatim, et 
 punctatim, word for 
 word, letter for letter, 
 and point for point (ital.). 
 
 Verbi Dei Minister 
 (Lat.), Preacher of the 
 Word of God ; abbr. 
 V.D.M. 
 
 verbum satis sapienti 
 (Lat.), a word to the wise 
 suffices ; abbr. verb. sap. 
 (or sat. ). 
 
 ver d- antique, a stone, not 
 verde (hyphen). 
 
 verderer, forester, not -or. 
 
 verdigris, not verde-. 
 
 Vereia (Ger. m.), Asso- 
 ciation (cap.); abbr. Ver. 
 
 Verelnigte Staaten, Ger. 
 for United States (of 
 America) ; abbr. Ver. St. 
 
 388 
 
VERESTCHAGIN — VIEILLE 
 
 Verestchagin (Vasili), 
 
 1842-1904, Russ. painter. 
 verger (Fr.m.'), an orchard. 
 Vergil, use Vi-. 
 Vergil (Poly dor e), 1470- 
 
 1555? writer. 
 Verlagsbuchhandler 
 
 (Ger. m.), publisher, -s 
 
 (cap.). 
 vermilion, not -llion. 
 Vermont, off. abbr. Vt. 
 vermuth, an appetizer ; 
 
 in Fr. m. vermouth, in 
 
 Ger. m. Wermut 
 Verrocchio (Andrea 
 
 del), 1435-88, painter, 
 
 not the many variations. 
 Versailles, near Paris. 
 versales (Sp.typ.), capitals. 
 versalillas (Sp. typ. f.), 
 
 small capitals. 
 vers de sociStS (Fr. m.), 
 
 society verses, 
 verse, abbr, v., pi. vv. 
 versiole (typ.), the sign f 
 
 used in religious works. 
 verso (typ.), the left-hand 
 
 page of an open book, 
 
 usually bearing an even 
 
 number,as 2, 4, 6; abbr. v°. 
 Ver. St. (Ger.), Vereinigte 
 
 Staaten (U.S.A.). 
 versus (Lat.), against (not 
 
 ital.); abbr. V. (ital.). 
 vertebr/a,/>/. -sb (not ital.) . 
 vertebrata, is plural, 
 vert/ ex, pi. -ices, 
 vertu, use vi-. 
 Vertue (George), 1684- 
 
 1756, engraver. 
 verve, spirit (not ital.). 
 Very Rev., Very Rever- 
 end (for Deans only). 
 vessels* names, to be 
 
 roman double-quoted and 
 
 not italic. 
 vestigia (Lat. pi.), traces, 
 vet, veterinary surgeon. 
 veto/, pi. -es. 
 ve^^I/Wn/o (It.), jobmaster ; 
 
 pi. -/. 
 veuf (Ft. m.), widower. 
 veuve (Fr. f.), widow ; 
 
 abbr. V*. 
 
 Vevey, Switz., not -ay. 
 
 vexata quaestio (Lat.), 
 a disputed question. 
 
 V.G., Vicar-General. 
 
 via (Lat.), by way of, not 
 -a (not ital.). 
 
 via media (Lat.), a middle 
 course (ital.). 
 
 viator/, a traveller ; pi. -es. 
 
 Vic, Victoria. 
 
 Vicar/-Apostollc, abbr. 
 V.A.; — General ,V.G. 
 
 Vicars* College, a cath- 
 edral residence. 
 
 vice, a tool, not -se. 
 
 Vice/, abbr. V. ; Ad- 
 miral, abbr. V.A, ; 
 
 — -Chairman, V.C. ; 
 
 — -Chamberlain; — 
 -Chancellor, V.C. ; 
 Consul; Presi- 
 dent, V.P. ; Regent 
 
 (hyphens, caps.). 
 
 Viceroy (cap.), viceregal. 
 
 vice versa (Lat.), the 
 order being changed (no 
 hyphen or accent, not 
 ital.). 
 
 victimize, not -ise. 
 
 Victoria/, abbr. Vic. ; — 
 and Albert (Order of}, 
 for ladies, abbr. V.A. ; — 
 Cross, abbr. V.C. ; — 
 Regina et Impera- 
 trix (Lat.), Victoria 
 Queen and Empress, abbr. 
 V.R. et I. 
 
 victoria, a carriage. 
 
 victual/, -led, -ler, -ling. 
 
 vide} (Lat.), see, abbr. v.; 
 (It. mus.), open ; — ante, 
 see before ; — infra, — 
 below; videlicet, namely 
 (one word), abbr. viz. ; 
 vide] post, see below ; — 
 supra, — above, abbr. 
 v.s. 
 
 vidette, use ve-. 
 
 videtur (Lat.), it seems. 
 
 vide ut supra (Lat.), see 
 as above. 
 
 vie, vying. 
 
 vieille (Fr. f.), an old 
 woman (see also veille). 
 
 389 
 
VTELIiE — VISOR 
 
 Vielle (Fr. f.), a hurdy- 
 gurdy (see also veille and 
 vieille). 
 
 Vienna, in Ger. Wien, in 
 Fr. Vienne. 
 
 viennolse {k la) (Fr.), in 
 Viennese style (not cap.). 
 
 vient de paraitre {un 
 livre) (Fr.), just pub- 
 lished (of a book). 
 
 vi et armis (Lat.), by force 
 and arms. 
 
 vieuxj comme le monde 
 (Fr.), old as the hills ; 
 — francaiSy Old French 
 (not cap.) ; du vieux 
 temps, quite old- 
 fashioned. 
 
 Vieuxtemps (Henri), 
 1820-81, violinist. 
 
 view-hallo* (hunt.), not 
 the many variations. 
 
 vigesimo, see twentymo. 
 
 vigesimo-quarto, see 
 twenty-fourmo. 
 
 vignettes (typ.), illustra- 
 tions with undefined edges. 
 
 vigour, but vigorous. 
 
 vik/ing, pron. veek'ing ; 
 (typ.) if necessary divide 
 at stroke. 
 
 vility. 
 
 village, abbr. vil. 
 
 villageoise (a la) (Fr.), 
 in village style. 
 
 villain/, -age, -ize, -ous, 
 -y, not -an, -ein, -en. 
 
 villeggiatura (It.f.), retire- 
 ment in the country. 
 
 Villiers, family name of 
 Earls of Clarendon and 
 Jersey ; pron. vil'lers. 
 
 vinaigrette,a scent-holder, 
 not vinegar-. 
 
 vincul/um (typ.), a brace ; 
 pi. -a. 
 
 vin dupays (Fr. m.), virine 
 of the neighbourhood. 
 
 vingt-et-un, card game 
 (hyphens). 
 
 vin ordinaire (Fr. m.), a 
 cheap w^ine, usually red. 
 
 violat/e, -or. 
 
 violino (It.), violin; abbr. v. 
 
 VioUet-le-duc (E. E.), 
 
 1814-79, Fr. writer. 
 violoncell/o, not vioWn-; pi. 
 
 -OS, abbr. *cello ; -ist. 
 virago/, pi. -es. 
 Virchow (Rudolf), 
 
 1821-1902, pathol. ; pron. 
 
 fear'kho. 
 Virgil, 70-19 B. c, poet, not 
 
 Ve- ; in Lat. Vergilius. 
 Virginia, offic. abbr. Va. 
 Virginia creeper (bot.), 
 
 not -ian — (not cap.). 
 virginibus puerisque 
 
 (Lat.), for girls and boys. 
 virgola (It. typ. f.), comma. 
 virgolette (It. typ. f. pi.), 
 
 quotation marks. 
 virgule (Fr. typ. f.), 
 
 comma; point et — , semi- 
 colon. 
 viritim (Lat.), man by man. 
 virtu (articles o^, not 
 
 ve- (not ital.). 
 virtuos/o, one skilled in 
 
 an art, pi. -OS ; /em. -a, 
 
 pi. -as. 
 visj (Lat.f.), force,/*/, vires ; 
 
 — a tergO, force from 
 
 behind. 
 visa (Fr. m.), signature, 
 
 endorsement {see also 
 
 vis6). 
 vis-a-vis (Ft.), face to face 
 
 (hyphens). 
 viscount/, -ess, -y (when 
 
 alone not cap.) ; abbr. 
 
 Vise, 
 visc/us (Lat.), an organ ; 
 
 pi. -era. 
 vise, a tool, use vice. 
 visiS (Fr. past participle), 
 
 /ent. -6e, signed, endorsed 
 
 ''see also visa), 
 viser (Fr.), to aim, to en- 
 dorse (see also visser). 
 Vishnu, second person of 
 
 the Hindu triad, 
 visitor, not -er. 
 visj major (Lat.), superior 
 
 force ; — medicatrix 
 
 naturae, nature's power 
 
 of healing. 
 visor, a cap peak, not viz-. 
 
 390 
 
VISSER — VOR 
 
 visser (Fr.), to screw {see 
 
 also vissr). 
 vista/, a view ; pi. -a. 
 visualize, not -ise. 
 vis v/va(Lat.), living force. 
 vitalise, not -ise. 
 vitiat/e, -or. 
 vituperat/e, -or. 
 viva ! (It.), long live ! 
 vivandijer (Fr.), /em. 
 
 'drCf army sutler. 
 vivant rex et regina! 
 
 (Lat.), long live the King 
 
 and Queen ! 
 vivari/um, enclosure for 
 
 living things ; pi. -a. 
 vivatl regina I (Lat.), long 
 
 live the Queen! — rex! 
 
 ditto the King ! 
 viva/ voce, orally, not viva 
 
 — ; Eng. pi. — voces 
 
 (not ital.). 
 Vive II (Fr.), long live ! — 
 
 la RSpublique! ditto 
 
 the Republic ! — Fempe- 
 
 reurl ditto the Emperor ! 
 Vivian (Sir Arthur 
 
 Pendarves), 1834- ; — 
 
 fam. name of Barons 
 
 Swansea and Vivian {see 
 
 also Vy-). 
 vivisect/, -or. 
 vixit.. .annos{Lsit.), lived 
 
 (somany)years; abbr.v.a. 
 viz., videlicet (namely) (not 
 
 ital.) ; (typ.) comma be- 
 fore, but use of namely 
 
 preferred. 
 vizier, a Mohammedan 
 
 official, Mo/-ir, -sier. 
 vizor, use vis-. 
 V.I., varia lectio (a variant 
 
 reading). 
 V. M, (Ger.), vorigen Monats 
 
 (last month). 
 V.M.H., Victoria Medal of 
 
 Honour (R. Hort. Soc). 
 V.O., (Royal) Victorian 
 
 Order, 
 vo., verso (left-hand page). 
 V. O. (Ger.), von oben (from 
 
 the top). 
 voc, vocative. 
 vocab., vocabulary. 
 
 vocalize, not -ise. 
 vocative, abbr. voc. 
 voce (It. mus.), voice ; abbr. 
 
 V. {see also vox). 
 Voeleker (Dr. J. A.), 
 
 analyst. 
 Voelker gas mantle. 
 vogue la galhre! (Fr.)^ 
 
 happen what may ! 
 Vogu§ (vicomte M. de), 
 
 1 848-, Fr. writer. 
 VOilh] (Fr.), see there ! — 
 
 tout, that is all. 
 voile (Fr. m.), a veil; (f.) 
 
 a sail. 
 Volcal (Ger. m.), vowel 
 
 (cap.). 
 vol., volume. 
 volaille (Fr. f.), fowl, 
 
 poultry. 
 volant (Fr. dress, m.), a 
 
 flounce. 
 Volapiik, the language. 
 volatilize, not -ise. 
 voi-au'vent (Fr. cook. 
 
 m.), puff-pie. 
 volcano/, pi. -es. 
 vol d'oiseau {k) (Fr. m.), 
 
 as the crow flies. 
 Vollcsliedl (Ger. n.), a folk- 
 
 song ; pi. -er (cap.). 
 Volksraad, S. Afr. legis- 
 lative assembly, 
 vols., volumes. 
 volt (elec), unit of E.M.F., 
 
 abbr. V. 
 VOlta SUbitO (It. mus.), turn 
 
 over quickly ; abbr, v.S. 
 volte- face (Fr.), a turning 
 
 about. 
 volume, abbr. vol.,/>/. vols. 
 Volunteer Artillery, 
 
 abbr. V.A. 
 Volunteers, abbr. V. 
 von, this prefix usually I.e., 
 
 but copy signature, 
 vonj oben (Ger.), from the 
 
 top, abbr. v. o. ; — unten, 
 
 from the bottom, abbr. 
 V. u. 
 vorChristiOeburt, or vor 
 CbristuSy or vor Cbris- 
 to (Ger.), B.C.; abbr. 
 V. Chr, 
 
 391 
 
VORIQEN — VYVYAN 
 
 vorigen Monats (Ger.), 
 
 last month ; abbr. V. M. 
 
 vortn. (Ger.), vormittags (in 
 the forenoon, a.m.), vor- 
 mals (formerly). 
 
 vormals (Gen), formerly ; 
 abbr. vorm. (not cap.). 
 
 vormittags (Ger.), in the 
 forenoon, or a.m. ; abbr. 
 vorm. (not cap.). 
 
 Vorrede (Ger. f.)', preface 
 (cap.). 
 
 vort/ex,/>/. -ices. 
 
 Vbrw'Ort (Ger. n.), preface, 
 preposition (cap.). 
 
 vouch/er, in law -or. 
 
 voxl (Lat. f.), voice, pi. 
 voces; — populi, public 
 sentiment. 
 
 voyelle (Fr. f.), vowel. 
 
 voyezi (Fr.), see! look! 
 abbr. v. 
 
 V.P., Vice-President. 
 
 "V.R., Victoria Regina 
 (Queen Victoria). 
 
 vraisemblance (not ital.\ 
 
 V.R.C., Volunteer Rifle 
 Corps ; V.R. et I., Vic- 
 toria Regina et Imperatrix 
 (Victoria Queen and Em- 
 press) ; V.R.P., Vestra 
 Reverendissima Patemitas 
 (Your Most Reverend 
 Paternity). 
 
 V.S., Veterinary Surgeon ; 
 V.8. (Fr. chron.), vieux 
 
 style (old style), (Lat.) 
 vide supra (see above), 
 (It. mus. ) volta subito (turn 
 over quickly) ; V.S.C, 
 Volunteer Staff Corps. 
 
 V.T., Vetus Testantentunt 
 (Old Test.). 
 
 Vt., Vermont (offic. abbr.). 
 
 V. U. (Ger.), von unten (from 
 the bottom). 
 
 vue d*oiseau (h) (Fr. f.), 
 from a bird's-eye view. 
 
 Vuillaume, family of mus. 
 instrument makers. 
 
 vulcanize, not -ise. 
 
 Vulg., the Vulgate. 
 
 vulg., vulgar, -ly. 
 
 vulgar fractions, see 
 fractions. 
 
 vulgarize, not -ise. 
 
 Vulgate, the Latin Bible 
 of the R.C.C. ; abbr. 
 Vulg. 
 
 VUlgO (Lat.), commonly. 
 
 W., verses, (mus.) first 
 and second violins. 
 
 VV.ll., varige lectiones (vari- 
 ant readings). 
 
 V.W., Very Worshipful. 
 
 v.y. (bibliog.),variousyears. 
 
 vying. 
 
 Vymwy ILake, Oswestry. 
 
 Vyvyan (Rev. Sir V.D.), 
 1826- ; — (Rt. Rev. 
 W. Ij.), Bishop of Zulu- 
 land {see also Vivian). 
 
 39a 
 
V NOTES 
 
 393 
 
W. — WALTHEB 
 
 w 
 
 W., Wales, warden, Wed- 
 nesday, Welsh, west, -em, 
 Western postal district, 
 London, all proper names 
 with this initial ; it is not 
 used in the numeration of 
 series. 
 
 W, wolfram (tungsten). 
 
 w., week, -s, wife, (naut.) 
 wet dew. 
 
 W.A., Western Australia. 
 
 wabble, not wo-. 
 
 W.A.F.F., West African 
 Frontier Force. 
 
 W. Afr., West Africa. 
 
 wagon/, -er, -ette, not 
 wagg-. 
 
 wagonj {Ft. m.), a railway 
 
 carriage ; lit, sleeping 
 
 car. 
 
 wagtail, a bird (one word). 
 
 Wahabis, a Mohammedan 
 sect, not -ees. 
 
 " Wahrheit (Dichtung 
 und) " (Ger.) (Truth 
 and Fiction), by Goethe. 
 
 Waiapu (Bp. of). New 
 Zealand. 
 
 Wai-hai-wei, use Wei-. 
 
 Wain (Charles's) (astr.). 
 
 wainscot/, -ed, -ing. 
 
 wakeful. 
 
 Wakley (Thomas), 1795- 
 1862, founded " The 
 Lancet'' in 1823 {see also 
 W^alkley). 
 
 WaL, Walloon. 
 
 Walachian, use Wall-. 
 
 Walbrodt (C. A.), 1871-, 
 chess player. 
 
 Walcot, Bath, Norwich ; 
 Walcote, Lutterworth ; 
 Walcott, Lincoln {see 
 also Wolcot). 
 
 Waldteufel (Emil), Ger- 
 man composer. 
 
 w^ale, a flesh mark, ws^ weal. 
 
 w^aler, a N.S.W. horse. 
 
 Wales, abbr. W. 
 
 Walhalla, use V-. 
 Walker (Matthew), a 
 
 knot, 
 walking-stick (hyphen). 
 Walkley (A. B.), 1855-, 
 
 writer {see also Wakley). 
 walk-over, no competition 
 
 (hyphen) ; abbr. W.O. 
 " Walkiire (Die)," second 
 
 part of Wagner's " Nibe- 
 
 lungen-Ring." 
 w^alkyrie, use v-. 
 wa//a(Ind.), aman, not -ah. 
 w^allaby, a small kangaroo, 
 
 not the many variations. 
 Wallace (Alfred Russel, 
 
 not -ell\ 1822-, natural- 
 
 t -ell) 
 
 ist ; — (Sir Donald M.), 
 1841-, writer ; — (Prof. 
 Robert), 1853-, agric. 
 writer; — (Sir Wil- 
 liam), 1272-1305, Scot, 
 hero ; — (W. V.), 1814- 
 65, composer {see also 
 Wallas, Wallis). 
 
 Wallachian, not Wala-. 
 
 Wallas (Graham), 1858-, 
 writer {see also Wallace, 
 Wallis). 
 
 wall-eyed (hyphen). 
 
 wallflower (one word). 
 
 Wallis (Q, H.), 1 847-, 
 art writer ; — (Henry), 
 1 830-, pain ter ; — (John), 
 1616-1703, a founder of 
 the Royal Society ; — 
 ( Whitworth), art writer 
 {see also Wallace, 
 WaUas). 
 
 Walloon, abbr. Wal. 
 
 Wallop, fam. name of Earl 
 of Portsmouth ; pron. 
 w6l'up. 
 
 wall-paper (hyphen). 
 
 Walpurgis night, the 
 one preceding i May. 
 
 Walther (Otto), 1855-, 
 director of the Nordrach- 
 Kolonie. 
 
 394 
 
WALTON — WELCHEE 
 
 Walton (Izaak), 1593- 
 
 1683, wrote " Compleat 
 
 Angler." 
 waltz, a dance ; in Fr. f. 
 
 valse (not ital.). 
 W. & A. (bot.), Wight and 
 
 Arnott. 
 W. & M., William and 
 
 Mary (King and Queen), 
 wapiti, Amer. elk, not 
 
 wapp-. 
 War, Warwickshire. 
 Ward (Mrs. Humphry, 
 
 not -rey), 1851-, writer, 
 warden, abbr. W. 
 Warington (Robert), 
 
 1838-1907, F.R.S. {see also 
 
 Warr-). 
 War Office, abbr. W.O. 
 warrant/er, in law -or. 
 warrant-officer(hyphen). 
 Warre (Edmond), 1837-, 
 
 Provost of Eton. 
 Warrington, Lanes {see 
 
 also Wari-). 
 Warwickshire, abbr. 
 
 War. 
 w^asegoose, use w^ayz- 
 Wash., Washington (offic. 
 
 abbr.). 
 wash-drawing, one made 
 
 with a brush and black 
 
 or neutral tint, 
 washhouse (one word), 
 wasn't (typ.),to be close up. 
 watch/case, -maker, 
 
 -w^ord (one word). 
 water-closet (hyphen), 
 
 abbr. W.C. (s.caps.). 
 water/course, -fall (one 
 
 word) ; lily (hyphen). 
 
 watering-place(hyphen). 
 watermark (typ.), a de- 
 sign within the paper 
 
 itself (one word). 
 water/proof, -works (one 
 
 word). 
 Watling Street, a Roman 
 
 road in England, 
 watt (elec), power, 
 wattling, twig structure. 
 Watts - Dunton (Theo- 
 dore), writer. 
 waul, a cat-cry, not -wl. 
 wav/e, -y. 
 
 way (under), moving, not 
 — weigh (two words). 
 
 wavy rule (typ.), v^-.^.^^—-. 
 
 Waynflete (William of), 
 1395-1486, Bp. of Win- 
 chester, Lord Chancellor. 
 
 W^ayzgoose/, printers' an- 
 nual dinner, etc., not the 
 many variations ; pi. -S. 
 
 Waziristan, Afghanistan, 
 not Wazar-. 
 
 W.B., way-bill. 
 
 W.C, Wesleyan Chapel, 
 Western - Central postal 
 district, London ; W.C, 
 water - closet, without 
 charge ; W.C.T.U., 
 
 Woman's Christian Tem- 
 perance Union. 
 
 W.D., War Department, 
 Works ditto. 
 
 weal, a flesh mark, not wale. 
 
 wear, of a river, use w^eir. 
 
 weasand, the gullet, not 
 wez-. 
 
 weathercock (one word). 
 
 Webb (Sidney), 1859-, 
 writer. 
 
 Wedgwood ware, not 
 wedge- (no cap. or hy- 
 phen). 
 
 Wednesday, abbr. W., or 
 Wed. 
 
 w^eek/, -s, abbr. w., or wk. 
 
 weekday (one word); in 
 Fr., not cap., as lundi. 
 
 weever, a fish. 
 
 weigh (under), moving, 
 use — way. 
 
 weight, abbr. wt. 
 
 weights (typ.), use fig- 
 ures ; abbreviations as 
 cwt.,qr.,lb.,oz.,«o^tohave 
 s added for the plural. 
 
 Wei-hai-wei, not Wai-. 
 
 weir, of a river, not -ar. 
 
 Weismann (August), 
 1834-, zool. 
 
 Weissniohtw^o, in "Sar- 
 tor Resartus." 
 
 Weizsacker (Julius), 
 1 828-89, hist.; —(Karl), 
 1822-99, theol. ; pron. 
 vit'za-kr. 
 
 welcher (turf), not -sher. 
 
 395 
 
WELDON — WHISTIiEB 
 
 Weldon (Sir A. A.), 1863-; 
 
 — (W. P. R.), zool. {see 
 also Welldon). 
 
 ^^elk, use "w^h-. 
 well/-being, — -bom, 
 
 — -bred (hyphens). 
 Welldon ( Canon J.E.C.), 
 
 1854-, Bp. of Calcutta 
 1 898-1901 {see also Wel- 
 don). 
 
 Wellhauaen (Julius), 
 1844-, Ger. theologian. 
 
 ■wellnigh (one word). 
 
 well-to-do (hyphens). 
 
 Welsh, abbr. W. ; (typ.) 
 alphabet has 26 letters; 
 ch, dd, ff, ng, 11, th, being 
 each counted as one. No 
 /, k, q, V, X, s. In addition 
 to the usual accents, w 
 ( = 00) and y may have 
 the circumflex. 
 
 welsher (turf), use -cher. 
 
 welsh rabbit (cook.), not 
 
 — rarebit (not cap.). 
 Welwitschia (bot.). 
 Wemyss (Earl of); pron. 
 
 weemz. 
 Wergeland (Henrik), 
 
 1808-45, Norw. poet, 
 w^ergild, a fine, not were-. 
 Werkj (Ger. typ. n.), a 
 
 work ; pi. -e (cap.). 
 werwolf (myth.), a man- 
 wolf, not were-. 
 west/, -ern, abbr. W. {see 
 
 also compass). 
 West Africa, abbr. W. 
 
 Afr. 
 Westcott(B.Foss), 1825- 
 
 1901, Bp. of Durham. 
 West End, London (caps.). 
 westeria, use wistaria. 
 Western Australia, abbr. 
 
 W.A. 
 Westmeath, Co. Ire. ; — 
 
 (Earl of) (one word). 
 Westmorland, offic. ; — 
 
 (Earl of), not -eland. 
 West Virginia, abbr. W. 
 
 Va. 
 W.f. (typ.), wrong fount {see 
 
 proof correction marks 
 
 and wrong fount). 
 
 W.g., wire gauge. 
 
 whalebone (one word). 
 
 whallabee, use wallaby. 
 
 whar/f, abbr. whf. ; pi. 
 -ves. 
 
 Wharfedale, Yorks. 
 
 what-d*ye-call-it ? (col- 
 loq.) (hyphens, apos.). 
 
 Whately (Richard), 
 1787-1863, Abp. of Dub- 
 lin, not -ey. 
 
 Whatman paper, a first- 
 quality English hand-made 
 drawing paper (cap.). 
 
 whatnot, a ptece of fur- 
 niture with shelves (one 
 word). 
 
 wheatear, a bird (one 
 word). 
 
 wheat-ear, an ear of wheat 
 (hyphen). 
 
 wheelbarrow (one word). 
 
 Wheeler (J. Talboys), 
 1824-97, hist, of India. 
 
 Wheler (Sir T. W.), 
 1889-. 
 
 whelk, a mollusc, not we-. 
 
 whereas (law), a word 
 which introduces the re- 
 cital of a fact (one word, 
 usually cap.). 
 
 whether or not {not — 
 — no). 
 
 w^hf., wharf. 
 
 which (gram.), now refers 
 exclusively to things ; who, 
 to persons. 
 
 whifle-tree, use Whipple-. 
 
 w^hile aw^ay, not wi-. 
 
 whilom, not -e. 
 
 w^himbrel, a bird, not 
 wim-. 
 
 whimsey, a freak, not 
 -sy. 
 
 whipper/-in, pi. — a-in. 
 
 w^hipple-tree, mo^ whiffle-. 
 
 w^hip-poor-will, a bird 
 (hyphens). 
 
 whirl/poo^ -wind (one 
 word). 
 
 whisky, not -ey. 
 
 Whistler (J. McNeill, 
 not -eil), 1 834- 1903, 
 painter, etc. 
 
 396 
 
WHITAKER — WINCEY 
 
 Whitaker & Sons, pub- 
 lishers of "Almanack" 
 (not -ac), etc., Warwick 
 Lane, E.C. {see also 
 Whittaker). 
 
 whit/e (typ.), any space of 
 paper not printed upon ; 
 -ish, -y ; white/ edges, 
 see edges; — line, a line 
 not printed upon. 
 
 "Whitehall, London (one 
 word). 
 
 Whiteing (Richard), 
 1840-, writer. 
 
 ■whitening, not whitn-, 
 -ting. 
 
 white out (typ.), to space 
 out composed matter, 
 such as a title page. 
 
 White's Club, London. 
 
 White - Thomson (Sir 
 R. T.), 1831-. 
 
 whitewash (one word). 
 
 whiting, use whiten-. 
 
 Whitman (Walt), 1819- 
 92, Amer. poet. 
 
 Whit/-Monday, -Sun- 
 day, seventh after Easter 
 (caps., hyphen). 
 
 Whittaker & Co., pub- 
 lishers. White Hart St., 
 E.C. (s^^ a/so Whitaker). 
 
 Whittier (J.G.), 1807-92, 
 Amer. poet. 
 
 Whittingehame, Pres- 
 tonkirk ; pron. -jam. 
 
 Whittingham, Lanes, 
 Northumb.; — (Charles), 
 1 767-1840, founder Chis- 
 wickPress;/>n)«.-ing-ham. 
 
 Whittlesea, Cambs, noi 
 -sey. 
 
 whiz, noi -zz. 
 
 W.H.M.A., Women's 
 Home Missionary Asso- 
 ciation. 
 
 W^ho (gram.), now refers 
 exclusively to persons : 
 which, to things. 
 
 whoa! stop ! 
 
 whole-bound, bound 
 
 wholly in leather. 
 
 whooping-cough*, noi 
 hoop- — (hyphen). 
 
 who's, who is Capos.). 
 Whyte-Melville (G. J.), 
 
 1821-78, writer (hyphen). 
 W.I., West Indies, -ian. 
 wich/-elm, -hazel, use 
 
 wy-. 
 Wicliffe, see Wy-. 
 wide/awake,-spread(one 
 
 word). 
 widgeon, a bird, noi wig-. 
 Widmung (Ger. typ. f.), 
 
 dedication. 
 Wieland (C. M.), 1733- 
 
 1813, Ger. writer. 
 Wien, in Eng. Vienna. 
 Wieniaw^ski (Henri), 
 
 1835-80, violinist, com- 
 poser ; — (Joseph), 
 
 1857-, painter. 
 Wiesbaden (one word), 
 wife, abbr. w, 
 Wigan (Sir Frederick), 
 
 1827-1907. 
 wigeon, use widg-. 
 Wiggin (Sir Henry \ 
 
 1824-1905 ; — (Mrs. K. 
 
 D.), writer. 
 Wight (Isle of), abbr. 
 
 I.W. 
 Wigorn., signature Bp. of 
 
 Worcester (full point). 
 Wigton, Cumberland. 
 Wigtown, Scotland. 
 Wilde (Henry), 1833-, 
 
 electrician. 
 wild-fowl (hyphen). 
 
 wile away, use w^h . 
 
 wilful/, -ly,-ness,«o^ will-. 
 Wilhelmj (August), 
 
 1 845-, Ger. violinist. 
 Wilhelmshafen, Ger. 
 
 naval station (one word). 
 will-o*-the-wisp,the ignis 
 
 fatuus (apos., hyphens). 
 Willoughby de Eresby 
 
 (Lord), pron. — derz'be. 
 Willshire (Sir A. R. T.), 
 
 1850-. 
 Wiltshire, abbr. Wilts. 
 Wimborne (Baron), 
 wimbrel, use wh-. 
 Winawer(S.),i839-, chess 
 
 player. 
 win/cey, a cloth, use -sey. 
 
 397 
 
WINCHELSEA —WORMWOOD 
 
 Winchelsea, Sussex. 
 
 Winchilsea (Earl of). 
 
 Winckelmann (J. J.), 
 1717-68, Ger. art critic. 
 
 wind (naut.), i, light air; 
 2, light breeze ; 3, gentle 
 — ; 4, moderate — ; 5, 
 fresh — ; 6, strong — ; 
 7, moderate gale ; 8, fresh 
 — ; 9, strong — ; 10, 
 whole — ; II, storm ; 12, 
 hurricane. 
 
 Wind. I., Windward Is- 
 lands. 
 
 win/e, -y. 
 
 ■winepress (one word). 
 
 "winsey, a cloth, not -cey. 
 
 wint/er, -ry (not cap.). 
 
 "wintergroen (one word). 
 
 Winton., signature Bp. of 
 Winchester (full point). 
 
 W.I.B,., West India Regi- 
 ment. 
 
 wire gauge, abbr. w.g. 
 
 wlsard, use wiz-. 
 
 Wisbech.Cambs, not -each. 
 
 Wise, Wisconsin (offic. 
 abbr.). 
 
 Wisdom of Solomon 
 (Apocr.), no abbr. 
 
 "Wiseacre (one word). 
 
 Wislicenus (Johannes), 
 1835-1902, chemist. 
 
 wistaria (bot.), «o/weste-. 
 
 witch/ -elm, -hazel, use 
 wych . 
 
 withal. 
 
 •writhe, a flexible twig, not 
 wythe, -y. 
 
 withhold, etc. (one word, 
 2 A's). 
 
 wivern, use wy-. 
 
 wizard, not wis-. 
 
 w^k., week, -s. 
 
 W.Ii.F., Women's Liberal 
 Federation. 
 
 W. long., west longitude. 
 
 W.M.S., Wesleyan Mis- 
 sionary Society. 
 
 W.N.W., west-north-west 
 {see also compass). 
 
 W.O., walk-over. War 
 Office. 
 
 wobble, use wa-. 
 
 Wodehouse, fam. name of 
 
 Earl of Kimberley ; pron. 
 
 wood-. 
 woebegone, not wob-. 
 woeful, not wof-. 
 Wohler (F.), 1800-82, 
 
 Ger. chemist. 
 Wolcot (John), 1738- 
 
 1819, " Peter Pindar " 
 
 {see also Walcot). 
 Wolf (liucien), 1857-, 
 
 journalist and writer. 
 Wolfe (Charles), 1791- 
 
 1823, writer and poet ; — 
 
 (James), 1727-59, took 
 
 Quebec. 
 Wolff (Sir H. Drum- 
 
 mond), d. 1908 ; — (J. C. 
 
 von), 1679-1754, philos. 
 
 and math. ; — ( Johan- 
 
 nes),'cellist; — (Joseph), 
 
 1795-1862, traveller; — 
 
 (K. F.), 1733-94, embry- 
 
 ologist {see also Wolfe, 
 
 Woulfe). 
 wolverine, not -ene. 
 w^omen's rights (apos.). 
 won't (typ.), to be close 
 
 up, one apos. only. 
 w^oodbine, honeysuckle, 
 
 not -ind. 
 woodcock/, m. andf.,/>/. -s. 
 woodcut (one word). 
 w^oodpecker (one word). 
 w^oodruff (bot.), not -roof, 
 woodwork (one word), 
 wool/, -len, -ly. 
 Woolsack (House of 
 
 Lords) (one word). 
 woolsorter's disease, not 
 
 -s' — . 
 Worcestershire, abbr. 
 
 Worcs. 
 Worde, see Wynkyn. 
 Word of God (the) 
 
 (caps.), but in New T. l.c. 
 w^orkaday (one word). 
 work/house, -man (one 
 
 word). 
 work off (typ.), actually to 
 
 print the paper, 
 w^ormwood (bot.). 
 Wormwood Scrubs, 
 
 near London. 
 
 398 
 
WORSHIP — WYVERN 
 
 worship/, -ped, -per, 
 
 -ping, 
 wouldst (typ.), to be close 
 
 up, no apos. 
 Woulfe (Peter), 1727- 
 
 1806, chemist ; woulfe 
 
 bottles named after {see 
 
 also Wolf/, -e, Wolff), 
 w^ove paper, that which 
 
 does not showwire marks : 
 
 distinct from laid — . 
 W.P., Worthy Patriarch. 
 W.P.B., waste - paper 
 
 basket. 
 W.R,, West Riding, Yorks ; 
 
 Wirral Railway, Ches. 
 wrack *, a seaweed, 
 
 iwt r-. 
 wrasse, a fish, noi -ass. 
 wrath., very angry. 
 Wray, see Ray. 
 wreath (noun). 
 wreathe (verb). 
 Writers* Club, London 
 
 (apos.). 
 writers* cramp, not -er's 
 
 cramp. 
 writing paper, a better, 
 
 harder, and more highly 
 
 glazed kind than that used 
 
 for printing. 
 "wrongdoing (one word). 
 wrong fount (typ.), abbr. 
 
 W.f. This to be written 
 
 in the margin, and the 
 
 type itself underlined or 
 
 encircled. 
 wroth, wrathful. 
 
 Wrottesley (Baron). 
 W.S. (Sc), Writer to the 
 
 Signet (= attorney). 
 W.S.W., west-south-west 
 
 (see also compass), 
 "wt., weight. 
 
 Wiirtemberg, near Ba- 
 varia, offic. Wiirtt-. 
 «*Wuthering Heights,** 
 
 by Emily Bronte, 1846. 
 W. Va., West Virginia 
 
 (offic. abbr.). 
 Wyandotte, N. Amer. 
 
 Indians ; I.e. a fowl, not-ot. 
 wych/-elm, -hazel, not 
 
 wich-, witch-. 
 Wycherley (W.), 1640- 
 
 17 16, dramatist. 
 WycUf (John), d. 1384, 
 
 rel. reformer, not the many 
 
 variations. 
 Wymondham, Norfolk ; 
 
 pron. wind'ham. 
 Wyndham, fam. name of 
 
 Baron Leconfield ; — (Sir 
 
 Charles), 1841-, actor. 
 Wyndham - Quin, family 
 
 name of Earl of Dunraven. 
 Wynkyn de Wor de, 1471- 
 
 1534, second printer in 
 
 London. 
 Wyo., Wyoming (offic. 
 
 abbr.). 
 Wy. Ter., Wyoming Ter- 
 ritory, 
 wyth/e, -y, use withe, 
 wyvem, heraldic dragon, 
 
 not wi-. 
 
 399 
 
W NOTES 
 
W NOTES 
 
 401 26 
 
X. — XYLONITE 
 
 X., Christ, all proper names 
 with this initial, the 
 twenty-first in a series. 
 
 X, ten, also certain kinds 
 of beer. 
 
 X (math.), the first unknown 
 quantity. 
 
 Xbre (Fr.), December. 
 
 XC, 90. 
 
 XCIX, 99. 
 
 xop., ex (without) coupon. 
 
 x.d.* or ex div.*, ex (with- 
 out) dividend. 
 
 Xeres, Spain, not Jerez. 
 
 x.i.*, ex (without) next 
 interest. 
 
 Xmas, Christmas (no point). 
 
 Xn., Christian. 
 
 x.n.*, ex (without) the 
 right to new shares. 
 
 X-ray (hyphen). 
 
 Xt., Christ. 
 
 XX, certain kinds of beer. 
 
 X X (paper), retree (no 
 point). 
 
 XXX, certain kindsof beer. 
 
 XXX (paper), broken or 
 outsides. 
 
 xylography, the printing 
 of fifteenth-century wood- 
 block books. 
 
 xylonite. 
 
 40a 
 
X NOTES 
 
 403 
 
Y. — YOSEMITE 
 
 Y., all proper names with 
 this initial, the twenty- 
 second in a series. 
 
 Y, yttrium. 
 
 y., year, -s. 
 
 y (math.), the second un- 
 known quantity. 
 
 yacht, in Fr. m. pron. yak; 
 in Ger. Jacht. 
 
 ya^(er(Ger.),huntsman, use 
 Ja-. 
 
 Yahveh (Heb.), Jahveh. 
 
 Yakutsk, Siberia, not J-. 
 
 Yangtze-kiang, Chinese 
 river. 
 
 yard/, -s, abbr. yd. ; (typ.) 
 number of to be in figures. 
 
 Yarde-Buller, fam. name 
 of Baron Churston. 
 
 Yarkand, Cent. Asia, not 
 -end, -und. 
 
 yarl, tise]-*. 
 
 Yaroalav, Russia, not J-. 
 
 yashmak, Moslem wo- 
 man's veil. 
 
 Y.B., year-book. 
 
 Yb, ytterbium. 
 
 Y.C., Yale College, U.S.A. 
 
 yd., yard, -s. 
 
 y«, =the, through confusing 
 the Anglo-Saxon J> ( = th) 
 with Old-Eng. g (y). 
 
 Yeames (W. F.), 1835-, 
 painter ; pron. yamz. 
 
 year/, -s, abbr. y. 
 
 year-book (hyphen), abbr. 
 Y.B. 
 
 years (typ.), in giving the 
 first and last of a series 
 use the fewest figures that 
 suffice,as 1892-8, 1855-80, 
 1 890- 1 904. 
 
 Yeats (W. B.), 1865-, 
 writer ; pron. yates. 
 
 yelk, use yo-. 
 
 yellow-hammer, a bird 
 (hyphen), not ammer. 
 
 •* Yellowplush Papers," 
 
 by Thackeray, 184 1 (two 
 words). 
 
 Yellowstone/ Park; — 
 Elver (two words). 
 
 yen, the dollar of Japan, 
 about two shillings. 
 
 Yenisei, Siberian river, not 
 Jenissei. 
 
 Yeo,, Yeomanry. 
 
 Yerkes telescope, Amer. 
 
 yeux, see cell. 
 
 Yezo, Japan, not -sso. 
 
 Yggdrasill (Scan, myth.), 
 the tree binding heaven, 
 earth, and hell, not the 
 many variations (two Z's). 
 
 Yiddish, a Jewish dia- 
 lect. 
 
 ylang-ylang, perfume (hy- 
 phen). 
 
 Y.L.I., Yorkshire Light 
 Infantry. 
 
 Y.M.C.A., Young Men's 
 Christian Association ; 
 Y.M.Cath.A., ditto 
 Catholic — ; Y.M.C.U., 
 ditto Christian Union : 
 Y.M.F.S., ditto Friendly 
 Society. 
 
 Ynca, use Inca*. 
 
 yodel/*, falsetto song; -led, 
 -ling, «o/-dle, jodel. 
 
 yokel, a rustic, not -chel, 
 -chle. 
 
 Yokohama (one word). 
 
 yolk, of an egg, not ye-. 
 
 Yonge (C. D.), 1812-91, 
 writer ; — (Charlotte 
 M.), 1832-1901, writer; 
 pron. yung (^see also 
 Young). 
 
 Yorke, fam. name of Earl 
 of Hardwicke. 
 
 Yorkshire/, abbr. Yorka 
 (no point) ; — Light In- 
 fantry, abbr. Y.L.I. 
 
 Yosemite Valley, Amer. ; 
 pron, yo-sem'i-t6. 
 404 
 
YOUGHAL — Y.W.S. 
 
 Youghal, Ireland, approx. 
 
 pron. yawl. 
 YoiQ (Sir J. A.), 1809- 
 
 1904. 
 you'll (typ.), to be close 
 
 up. 
 Yoiing (Arthur), 1741- 
 
 1820 ; — (Brigham), 
 
 1801-77, Mormon leader ; 
 
 — (Edward), 1681- 1765, 
 wrote" Night Thoughts" ; 
 
 — (James), 181 1-83, 
 originator of commercial 
 paraflSn ; — (Thomas), 
 1773-1829, physicist {see 
 also Yonge). 
 
 younger, abbr. yr. 
 
 Young Men's Christian 
 Association, abbr. 
 
 Y.M.C.A.; ditto Wo- 
 men's, Y.W.C.A. 
 
 yours (no apos.). 
 
 Yquem (Chftteau-), a 
 Sauterne (hyphen). 
 
 yr., younger. 
 
 Yriarte (Charles), 1832- 
 98, Fr. writer. 
 
 Ysaye (Eugdne), 1858-, 
 violinist ; pron. e-si'ye. 
 
 Yseult/, -e, Ysolde, 
 Ysolt, Ysoude, use 
 Iseult. 
 
 ytterbium, symbol Yb. 
 
 yttrium, symbol Y. 
 
 Yukon/ River, — Terri- 
 tory, Alaska, not Youcon, 
 -kon. 
 
 Yvetot, Normandy ; pron. 
 ev'to. 
 
 Y.W.C.A., Young Wom- 
 en's Christian Association; 
 Y.W.C.T.U., ditto Tem- 
 perance Union ; Y. W.S., 
 Young Wales Society. 
 
 4C5 
 
Y NOTES 
 
 406 
 
ZWINGLI 
 
 Z., all proper names with 
 this initial, the twenty- 
 third of a series, (Ger.) 
 Zeile (line), Zoll (m.), 
 inch, toll. 
 
 Z (mag.), symbol for reluc- 
 tance. 
 
 Z (math.), the third unknown 
 quantity. 
 
 Zach., Zachary. 
 
 Zaehnsdorf (J.), 1816-86, 
 bookbinder. 
 
 Zambezi, river, not -si. 
 
 2saiiana, use ze-. 
 
 Zangwill (Israel), 1864-, 
 writer. 
 
 Zaragoza, Spain ; in Eng. 
 Saragossa. 
 
 zariba (Arab.), fortified 
 camp, not the many varia- 
 tions. 
 
 Zarakoe, use Tsarskoye 
 Selo. 
 
 z. B. (Ger.), zum Beispiel 
 (for example). 
 
 Zech., Zechariah. 
 
 Zeeland, Holland, wo^Zea-. 
 
 Zeile (Ger. f.), line; abbr. 
 Z. (cap.). 
 
 Zeitgeist (Ger. m.), the 
 spirit of the time (cap.). 
 
 Zeltinger, a Moselle wine. 
 
 zenana(Ind.), the women's 
 apartments, not za-. 
 
 Zeph., Zephaniah. 
 
 zero/, pL -ss. 
 
 Zetinje, use Cetinje. 
 
 Z.G., Zoological Gardens. 
 
 zigzag/, -ged, -ging (one 
 word). 
 
 Zimmerinan (Henry), 
 1851-, painter. 
 
 Zimmermaim (Agnes 
 M.), composer; — ( J.G.), 
 1728-95, author of "Soli- 
 tude." 
 
 Zimmern (Alice), 1855-, 
 
 writer ; — (Helen), 
 
 1 846-, writer, 
 zinc, symbol Zn. 
 zincography, the art of 
 
 engraving, and printing 
 
 from zinc. 
 zingara {d la) (Fr. cook.), 
 
 in gipsy style. 
 zingarjO (It.), a gipsy, />/. 
 
 -/; /em. -a, pi. -e. 
 zirconium, symbol Zr. 
 Zn, zinc. 
 
 zodiac, see astronomy. 
 Zoll (Ger. m.), inch, toll ; 
 
 abbr. Z. 
 ZoUverein (Ger. m.), cus- 
 toms union. 
 zoochem., zoochemistry, 
 
 -ical. 
 zoogeog., zoogeography, 
 
 -ical. 
 zool., zoology, -ical, -ist. 
 zoology, Mo/zoOl-, but pron. 
 
 zo-ol'- ; abbr. zool.; (typ.) 
 
 genera, species, and 
 
 varieties to be italic, other 
 
 divisions roman. 
 zo/on, an animal ; pi. -a. 
 Zr, zirconium. 
 Z.S., Zoological Society. 
 Zuider Zee, Holland ipron. 
 
 zoy'dr zay. 
 Zukertort (J. H.), 1842- 
 
 88, chess player. 
 Zulu, not Zool 00. 
 Zxiluland (Bp. of) (one 
 
 word). 
 zum Beispiel (Ger.), for 
 
 example ; abbr. z. B. 
 Zurich, Switz. ; in Ger. Zii-. 
 Zuscbrift (Ger. f.), letter, 
 
 dedication. 
 zweitens (Ger.), secondly. 
 Zwingli (Ulrich), 1484- 
 
 153 1, theologian. 
 
 407 
 
Z NOTES 
 
 408 
 
YA 03l2o 
 
 M127C44 
 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY OF CAUFORNIA Lffii 
 

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