^=^u 
 
 CHARTER tr^.cu 
 
 AND 
 
 ORDINANCES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 City of New Haven, Conn. 
 
 AND 
 
 SPECIAL ACTS 
 
 Revised to August 1, 1905 
 
 new haven, conn. : 
 
 Ryder's printing house. 
 
 1905. 
 
 JUM 1 7 1'>''>
 
 (^3f^
 
 35 
 
 Ordered, that the Corporation Counsel he and is hereby author- 
 ized and instructed to cause to be prepared a revision of the Charter 
 and the Ordinances of the City of New Haven, including- all amend 
 ments to said Charter that may be adopted at the present session of 
 the General Assembly, at a price not to e>;ceed $800.00. 
 
 Board of Aldermen, January ip, ipoj. 
 
 Read for first time and ordered printed in the Journal. 
 
 James B. Martin, Assistant City Clerk. 
 
 Board of Aldermen. February 2, igo^. 
 
 Read for second time, accepted and order passed. 
 
 James B. Martin, Assistant City Clerk. 
 
 City of New Haven. 
 
 Approved, February 9, 1903. 
 
 John P. Studley, Mayor. 
 
 State of Connecticut, \ 
 County of New Haven, S 
 
 I, Edward A. Street, Clerk of the City of New Haven, in said 
 County of New Haven, and keeper of the records and seal thereof, 
 hereby certify that the within and foregoing instrument is a true 
 and correct copy of Record, as appears on the Records of said City, 
 in Volume 48, on page 26. 
 
 In Testimony Whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed 
 
 the seal of said City, at New Haven, this 22d day of August, A. D. 
 
 1905. 
 
 Edward A. Street, City Clerk. 
 
 210369
 
 ..• V
 
 AN ACT 
 
 REVISING THE 
 
 Charter of The City of New Haven, 
 
 Approved June 20, 1899. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in 
 General Assembly convened: 
 
 Section 1. The territorial limits of the corporation of the city 
 of New Haven shall hereafter be the same as those that were the 
 territorial limits of the town of New Haven prior to December 7, 
 1897, and the boundaries of the said town shall hereafter be the 
 boundaries of said city. 
 
 The jurisdiction of said city of New Haven over that portion 
 of the town of Orange, and that portion of the town of New Haven 
 east of the boundary line between the town and the city of New 
 Haven as it existed prior to December 7, 1897, between the town 
 and city of New Haven, shall be for police and sanitary purposes 
 only. 
 
 Sec. 2. All electors of this state, dwelling within said limits, 
 are hereby declared to be, and shall forever continue to be, a body 
 politic and corporate, in fact and name, by the name of the City of 
 New Ha-ven, and by that name they and their successors shall have 
 perpetual succession, and shall be a person in law, capable of suing 
 and being sued, pleading and being impleaded, in all suits of what 
 nature soever, and also of purchasing, holding, and conveying any 
 estate, real and personal ; and may have a common seal, and may 
 change and alter the same at pleasure ; and shall be and remain 
 absolutely vested with the title to and improvement of all the city 
 lands, tenements, hereditaments, rights, and estates whatsoever, 
 which, since the original incorporation of said city, have become 
 vested in said city, and whereof said city has never been lawfully 
 divested hitherto. jijm 1 - ]y]2
 
 Sec. 3. Said City is hereby divided into fifteen wards, as follows : 
 
 So much of said city as is included within a boundary line com- 
 mencing- at the point of intersection of the central lines of State 
 and George streets, and thence continuing northerly through the 
 center of State street to the center of Grove street, thence westerly 
 through the center of Grove street to the center of York street, 
 thence southerly through the center of York street to the center 
 of George street, and thence easterly through the center of George 
 street to the point of beginning, shall constitute the first ward. 
 
 So much of said city as is included within a boundary line com- 
 mencing at the point of intersection of the central lines of Chapel 
 and York streets, and thence continuing westerly through the 
 center of Chapel street to the city limit, thence following- the cit\' 
 limit in a southerly direction to the center of Congress avenue, 
 thence northeasterly through the center of Congress avenue to the 
 center of Davenport avenue, thence northeasterly through the 
 center of Davenport avenue to the center of York street, and 
 thence northerly through the center of York street to the point of 
 beginning, shall constitute the second ward. 
 
 So much of said city as is included within a boundary line com- 
 mencing at the point of intersection of the central lines of George 
 and York streets, and thence continuing southerly throug-h the 
 center of York street to the center of Davenport avenue, thence 
 southwesterly through the center of Davenport avenue to the 
 center of Congress avenue, thence throug-h the center of Congress 
 avenue to the city limit, thence following the city limit in a south- 
 erly direction to the center of Washington street, thence north- 
 easterly throug-h the center of Washington street to the center of 
 Congress avenue, thence northeasterly through the center of Con- 
 gress avenue to the center of George street, and thence northwesterly 
 through the center of George street to the point of beginning, shall 
 constitute the third ward. 
 
 So much of said city as is included within a boundary line com- 
 mencing at the point of intersection of the central lines of Meadow" 
 street and Congress avenue, and thence continuing southwesterly 
 through the center of Congress avenue to the center of Washing- 
 ton street, thence southwesterly through the center of Washington 
 street to the city limit, thence southeasterly and northeasterly by 
 the city limit to a point where said city limit is intersected by the 
 central line of the Meadow street outlet sewer, continued in a
 
 straight line, thence northwesterly by the said line of said sewer to 
 the center of Union avenue, and thence northerly through the cen- 
 ter of Meadow street to the point of beginning, shall constitute the 
 fourth ward. 
 
 So much of said city as is included within a boundary line com- 
 mencing at the point of intersection of the central lines of Chapel 
 and State streets, and thence continuing southwesterly through the 
 center of State street to the point of intersection of the central 
 lines of State and George streets, thence northwesterly through the 
 center of George street to the point of intersection with the central 
 line of Meadow street, thence southerly through the center of 
 Meadow street to the center of Union avenue, thence southeasterly 
 bv the central line of the ^Feadow street sewer, continued in a 
 straight line to the city -limit, thence northeasterly by the city limit 
 to Tomlinson's bridge, thence easterly and northerly through the 
 center of the channel of Mill river to a point on the Chapel street 
 bridge in the central line of Chapel street, and thence westerly 
 through the center of said Chapel street bridge and Chapel street 
 to the point of beginning, shall constitute the fifth ward. 
 
 So much of said city as is included within a boundary line com- 
 mencing at the point of intersection of the central lines of Chapel 
 and State streets, and thence continuing easterly through the cen- 
 ter of Chapel street and Chapel street bridge to the center of the 
 westerly channel of INIill river, thence northerly through the center 
 of said channel of said river to a point on Barnesville bridge in a 
 central line of Grand avenue, thence westerly through the center 
 of Barnesville bridge and Grand avenue to the center of State 
 street, and thence southwesterly through the center of State street 
 to the point of beginning, shall constitute the sixth ward. 
 
 So much of said city as is included within a boundary line com- 
 mencing at the point of intersection of the central lines of State 
 street and Grand avenue, and thence continuing easterly through 
 the center of Grand avenue and Barnesville bridge to the center of 
 the westerly channel of Mill river, thence northerly through the 
 center of said channel of Mill river to a point on Neck bridge in 
 the central line of State street, and thence westerly and south- 
 westerly through the center of Neck bridge and State street to the 
 point of beginning, shall constitute the seventh ward. 
 
 So much of said city as is included within a boundary line com- 
 mencing at the point of intersection of the central lines of Grove
 
 — 8— 
 
 and State streets, and thence continuing northeasterly and easterly 
 through the center of State street to the channel of Mill river, 
 thence northerly, following the center of the channel of Mill river, 
 to the city limit, thence southwesterly by the city limit to the cen- 
 ter of Whitney avenue, thence southwesterly through the center of 
 Whitney avenue to the point of intersection of the central lines of 
 Whitney avenue and Temple street, thence southwesterly through 
 the center of Temple street to the center of Grove street, and 
 thence southeasterly through the center of Grove street to the 
 point of beginning, shall constitute the eighth ward. 
 
 So much of said city as is included within a boundary line com- 
 mencing at the point of intersection of the central lines of Grove 
 and Temple streets, and thence continuing northeasterly through 
 the center of Temple street to the point of intersection of the cen- 
 tral lines of Temple street and Whitney avenue, thence north- 
 easterly through the center of Whitney avenue to the city limit, 
 thence westerly, southerly, and westerly by the city limit to the 
 center of Crescent street, thence southerly through the center of 
 Crescent street to the center of Goffe street, thence southeasterly 
 through the center of Gofife street to the point of intersection of 
 the central lines of Goffe street and Broadway, thence southeasterly 
 through the center of Broadway to the center of York street, 
 thence northerly through the center of York street to the center of 
 Grove street, and thence easterly through the center of Grove 
 street to the point of beginning, shall constitute the ninth ward. 
 
 So much of said city as is included within a boundary line com- 
 mencing at the point of intersection of the central lines of York 
 street and Broadway, and thence continuing northwesterly through 
 the center of Broadway to the point of intersection of the central 
 lines of Broadway and Gof¥e street, thence northwesterly through 
 the center of GoflFe street to the center of Crescent street, thence 
 northerly through the center of Crescent street to the city limit, 
 thence westerly and southerly by the city limit to the center of 
 Chapel street, thence easterly through the center of Chapel street 
 to the center of York street, and thence northerly through the 
 center of York street to the point of beginning, shall constitute the 
 tenth ward. 
 
 So much of said city as is included within a boundary line com- 
 mencing at a point on Barnesville bridge, coincident with the inter- 
 section of the central line of Grand avenue, and the central line of
 
 — 9— 
 
 the westerly channel of Mill river, and thence continuing southerly 
 through the center of the westerly channel of Mill river to its 
 junction with the main channel of said river, thence southerly 
 through the center of the main channel of said river to its junction 
 with the Ouinnipiac river, thence easterly and northerly through 
 the center of Ouinnipiac river to a point in the central line of 
 Grand avenue, and thence westerly through the center of Grand 
 avenue to the point of beginning, shall constitute the eleventh 
 ward. 
 
 So much of said city as is included within a boundary line com- 
 mencing at a point on Barnesville bridge at the intersection of the 
 central line of Grand avenue and the central line of the westerly 
 channel of Mill river, and thence continuing easterly through the 
 center of said bridge and the center of Grand avenue to the former 
 city limits in Ouinnipiac river, thence northerly and northwesterly 
 by the former city limit to the center of the channel of Mill river, 
 thence southerly, following the center of said channel to the point 
 where said river is divided into two channels, and thence through 
 the center of west channel to the point of beginning, shall con- 
 stitute the twelfth ward. 
 
 So much of said city as lies northerly and westerly of a line 
 beginning at a point on the dividing line between the towns of 
 New Haven and Hamden, six hundred feet westerly of the center 
 line of Dixwell avenue, and thence running southerly, parallel to 
 and six hundred feet westerly of the center line of that part of 
 Dixwell avenue which is northerly of Argyle street, to a point on 
 said line two hundred feet northerly of the center line of Munson 
 street, thence westerly, parallel to and two hundred feet northerly 
 of the center line of Munson street, to the center line of Crescent 
 street, thence westerly in a straight line to the northerly side of 
 Whalley avenue bridge over West river at the middle of West 
 river, and thence southerly along the middle line of the new chan- 
 nel of said river to the center line of the Derby avenue bridge over 
 said river, shall constitute the thirteenth ward. 
 
 So much of said city as lies east of the Quinnipiac river and 
 north of a line commencing at a point near the center of Meadow 
 street, where said street joins the Ouinnipiac bridge, thence run- 
 ning easterly through the center of said street to a point where it 
 intersects South Quinnipiac street, thence in a line running due 
 east to the center of the Shore Line railway, thence easterly in a
 
 —10— 
 
 line followinjT the center line of said railway to a point where it 
 intersects the dividing^ line between the town of East Haven and 
 the city of New Haven, shall constitute the fourteenth ward of 
 said city. 
 
 So much of said city within the limits of said town as lies easterly 
 of the Quinnipiac river and south of said easterly and westerly line 
 shall constitute the fifteenth ward of said citv. 
 
 Elections. 
 
 Sec. 4. Every elector of this state, having^ qualifications and 
 complying with the requirements prescribed by law entitlinj:^ him 
 to vote at any city meeting in said city for the election of officers 
 thereof, shall be a freeman of said city. 
 
 The court of common council of said city may, by ordinance 
 passed and published as provided in this act, divide each or any 
 ward of the city of New Haven into two or more voting districts ; 
 and all the provisions of law now existing, or which may hereafter 
 be enacted, regulating the holding of elections in the other voting 
 districts of said city, shall apply to said new voting districts when 
 so established. 
 
 All elections hereafter held within the city and town of New 
 Haven shall be held pursuant to the provisions of the general elec- 
 tion laws of the state. 
 
 Sec. 5. At the several elections held within the city and town of 
 New Haven for the choice of city officers, those only shall vote who 
 are registered on the corrected list of voters last before completed, 
 including those added on the day of the last state election. 
 
 Sec. 6. On the first Monday of October, 1907, and on the first 
 Monday of October in every second year thereafter, the freemen of 
 said city shall elect by ballot from among their number, as prescribed 
 by law, a mayor, controller, treasurer, clerk, collector, city sheriff, 
 and six aldermen at large, who shall hold their respective offices 
 for the term of two years from and after the first week day of 
 January next succeeding their election. No person shall vote for 
 more than four aldermen at large at any election. — As amended 
 by act approved July 6, 1905. (See Section 3, appendix page 124.) 
 
 Sec. 7. In each of the wards of said city which bears an odd 
 number the freemen thereof shall, bn the Tuesdav after the first
 
 —11— 
 
 Monday of November, 1906, elect by ballot as prescribed by law, 
 one alderman who shall hold office for the term of one year from 
 and after the first week day of January next succeeding his election. 
 In each of the wards of said city the freemen thereof shall, on 
 the first Monday of October. 1907. and on the first Monda\ of 
 October in each second year thereafter, elect by ballot as prescribed 
 by law one alderman who shall hold 'office for the term of two 
 years from and after the first week day of January next succeeding 
 his election. — As amended by act approved July 6, 1905. (See 
 Section 3, appendix pag^e 124.) 
 
 Sec. 8. In each of the wards of said city the freemen thereof 
 shall, on the third Tuesday of April. 1900. and on the third Tues- 
 day of April in each year thereafter, elect by ballot, as ])rescribed 
 by law. three councilmen, who shall hold their offices for one year 
 from and after the first week day in June next succeeding their 
 election. — Repealed by act approved June 14, 1901. 
 
 Sec. 9. Each of said officers shall be elected by plurality vote : 
 but, if by reason of an equality of votes, there shall be no choice of 
 any of said officers, then the court of common council shall provide 
 for the holding of a new election within thirty days from and after 
 the time when such failure to elect shall be made known. In case 
 of the death, resignation, removal, or incapacity of any officer of 
 said city chosen by the electors, the court of common council shall 
 order a special election within thirty days to fill the vacancy, and 
 the mayor may temporarily fill such vacancy by appointment. 
 
 EXECUTIVE OFFICERS. 
 Mayor. 
 
 Sec. 10. The mayor shall be the chief executive officer of the city, 
 and shall be at least thirty years of age. He shall have been a legal 
 voter and resident of the city for the five years immediately preced- 
 ing his election, and shall reside in the city during his term of office. 
 Whenever there shall be a vacancy in the office of mayor, or when- 
 ever the mayor shall be prevented by absence from the city, by ill- 
 ness, or by any other cause, from attending to the duties of his 
 office, the president of the board of aldermen, and in his absence 
 such president pro tempore as the board of aldermen may elect.
 
 —12— 
 
 shall act as mayor until the mayor or such president of the board 
 of aldermen, as the case may be, is again able to assume the duties 
 of his office or until the vacancy shall be filled by election, and said 
 acting mayor shall have all the rights, powers, and duties of said 
 mayor, except the powers of appointment and removal, until the 
 vacancy is filled or the mayor is again able to act. — As amended 
 by act approved June 14, 1901. 
 
 Sec. 11. It shall be the duty of the mayor: 
 
 1. To cause the laws and ordinances to be executed and enforced, 
 to inform the city attorney of all violations of law brought to his 
 attention, and to conserve the peace within said city. He shall be 
 responsible for the good order and efficient government of said city. 
 
 2. To fill by appointment vacancies in office in all cases in which 
 he is given by law the power to appoint. 
 
 3. To communicate to the court of common council, during the 
 month of July next succeeding his election, and quarterly, there- 
 after, a general statement of the condition of the city in relation to 
 its government, finances, public improvements, and affairs, with 
 such recommendations as he may deem proper. 
 
 4. To call special meetings of the court of common council when 
 he may deem it expedient. 
 
 5. To sign all bonds and deeds and all written contracts of the 
 city made either by the court of common council or any officer of 
 the city in accordance with authority conferred upon them by this 
 charter or the ordinances. 
 
 6. To call together, at least once in every month, for consulta- 
 tion and advice upon the affairs of the city, the superintendents of 
 the department of fire service and police, the director of the depart- 
 ment of public works, the president of the department of parks, 
 the president of the board of education, the president of the depart- 
 ment of charities and correction, the controller, the corporation 
 counsel, the health officer, and such other executive and administra- 
 tive officers as he may deem best ; and at such meetings he may call 
 on any of said officers for such reports as to the matters under their 
 management as he may deem proper. 
 
 7. To either approve or disapprove, in writing, every vote, reso- 
 lution, order, or ordinance passed by the court of common council. 
 If he approve it or fail to take action within ten days after the pas- 
 sage thereof, such vote, resolution, order, or ordinance shall become 
 operative and effectual. In case the mayor shall fail to take action
 
 —13— 
 
 upon any vote, resolution, order, or ordinance passed by the court of 
 common council, within ten days after the passage thereof, the clerk 
 shall endorse the fact upon the vote, resolution, order, or ordinance. 
 If he disapprove it he shall notify the city clerk of that fact, and he 
 shall transmit in writing his reasons for such disapproval to the body 
 in which it originated at or before its next regular meeting, and 
 such vote, resolution, order, or ordinance shall not become operative 
 and effectual unless passed over his veto, by an affirmative vote of 
 two-thirds of all the members of each board of the court of com- 
 mon council, present or absent. The , mayor may also approve or dis- 
 approve any part of any vote, order, ordinance, or resolution, and 
 the part of the vote, order, ordinance or resolution approved shall 
 become operative and effectual, and the part disapproved shall be 
 void, unless passed over his veto in the manner aforesaid. 
 Sec. 12. The mayor shall have power: 
 
 1. To assume the entire control and direction of the police and 
 fire forces of the city, or either of them, for a period not exceeding 
 five days, at his discretion in case of emergency, and to exercise all 
 of the powers conferred upon the fire and police departments in 
 relation thereto. 
 
 2. To exercise, whenever necessary in order to suppress tumults, 
 riots, or unlawful assemblies, within the limits of said city, all the 
 powers given by law to sheriffs in relation to riotous assemblages ; 
 and, at all times, when necessary, to require the aid of any sheriff, 
 deputy sheriff, constable, or policeman, or any or all of them to- 
 gether, to assist him in executing the laws within the limits of said 
 city. 
 
 3. To make requisition for the several companies of the Connec- 
 ticut national guard and divisions of naval reserve in said city, or 
 any of them, whenever he shall have reason to believe that great 
 opposition will be made to the exercise of his authority, and to exert 
 all the force necessary to enable him to execute the laws within the 
 limits of said city. 
 
 4. To appoint, whenever he may deem it best to do so, three 
 competent, disinterested persons, no more than two of whom shall 
 be of the same political party, to examine without notice the affairs 
 of any department, officer, or employe of said city, and submit the 
 results of said examination to him. 
 
 5. The mayor may at any time whenever he may beileve any 
 person appointed to office by him or any of his predecessors to be
 
 —14— 
 
 incompetent, or unfaithful to the <hities of his office, or that the 
 requirements of the pul)lic service demand his removal, summon 
 said officer before him at a place and time specified in said sum- 
 mons, to show cause why he should not he removed from said office. 
 With said summons he shall leave with said officer a written state- 
 ment of the charges against him, and if, after a full hearing, he 
 shall find that such officer is incompetent or unfaithful, or that the 
 requirements of the public service demand his removal, he may 
 remove such person from his office. Any such official so removed 
 may appeal from the order of the mayor removing him from said 
 office to the superior court or any judge thereof, which appeal 
 shall be made returnable not more than six nor less than three days 
 from the date of the order of removal of said mayor, and shall be 
 served upon the mayor or at his usual place of abode at least forty- 
 eight hours before the time fixed for a hearing. ,And said court 
 or judge, having given such further notice as may be deemed 
 necessary to all parties, shall forthwith hear said case, and may 
 approve or revoke the order of said mayor and may award costs at 
 his discretion. But no such official so removed shall exercise any 
 of the powers of his office during the pendency of his appeal to the 
 superior court. 
 
 Sec. 13. If any person shall hinder, obstruct, resist, or abuse 
 the mayor in the execution of his office, or when ordered to render 
 assistance to the mayor (being of sufficient age and ability) shall 
 refuse or neglect to do so, such offender, being thereof duly con- 
 victed, shall pay a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars, or shall 
 be imprisoned in the county jail not exceeding six months, or both, 
 at the discretion of the court having cognizance of the offense. 
 
 Sec. 14. Every commissioned officer and soldier, when called 
 into service by the mayor, as aforesaid, shall have the same pay, and 
 in case of disobedience be subject to the same penalties, as if called 
 into service by the sheriff pi the county. 
 
 CoKi'ORATJoN Counsel. 
 
 Sec. 15. There shall be in said city a corporation counsel, who 
 at the time of his appointment shall have been an attorney and 
 counselor-at-law of this state for not less than ten years, and a 
 resident of said city as at present defined for not less than five
 
 —15— 
 
 years, immediately preceding his appointment, and shall reside in 
 said city during- his term of office. The corporation counsel hold- 
 ing office when this act takes effect shall be and remain corporation 
 counsel during the term for which he was appointed, unless sooner 
 removed for cause in accordance with the provisions of this act. 
 In the month of January, 1908, the mayor shall and in every second 
 June thereafter the mayor may appoint such corporation counsel, 
 to serve for two years from the first day of February next after 
 his appointment and until his successor is chosen and has duly 
 qualified. — As amended by act approved July 6, 1905. (See Section 
 4, appendix page 124.) 
 
 Sec. 16. He shall be the legal adviser of the city and its depart- 
 ments, and it shall be his duty to represent said city in all civil 
 actions in any court wherein said city is interested (except as other- 
 wise provided), and to give his written opinion upon any legal 
 question which may be submitted to him by the mayor, or by the 
 court of common council, or the chairman of any committee of the 
 court of common council upon any subject pending before said 
 committee, or by any department, or by any public official with 
 the written consent of the mayor. All opinions so given by him 
 shall be recorded in an indexed book, which book shall be kept 
 in the office of the corporation counsel and shall be the property 
 of the city, and such opinions as the mayor shall direct shall be 
 published in the year book issued next after such opinions are given. 
 He shall, when so directed by the mayor or court of common coun- 
 cil, represent the city in all matters pending before the general 
 assembly afifecting the interests of said city, and he shall perform 
 all other legal services which may be required of him by the court 
 of common council or by law or ordinance. He shall annually, on 
 or before the fifteenth day of February, make a written report to 
 the mayor of his doings for the fiscal year next preceding, showing 
 the condition of all unfinished business in his hands, and give, 
 between the fifteenth day of February and the first day of June 
 next succeeding, to the mayor all further additional information 
 that he may desire in regard to the condition of his department. 
 
 Sec. 17. The corporation counsel may have an office, to be pro- 
 vided by the city, which shall be kept open during such hours 
 daily as may be by ordinance prescribed. The mayor may, if in 
 his opini(Mi the interests of the city require it employ additional
 
 —16— 
 
 counsel, except with reference to matters pending before the general 
 assembly. 
 
 Sec. 18. During the month of January, 1908, and biennially, 
 thereafter, the mayor shall appoint an assistant corporation counsel 
 to hold office during the term for which said mayor shall have been 
 elected and until the successor of such assistant corporation counsel 
 shall be appointed and duly qualified, who shall perform such ser- 
 vices as directed by the corporation counsel, and shall attend to 
 the collection of unpaid taxes, liens, and other indebtedness due 
 the city. — As amended by act approved July 6, 1905. 
 
 Controller. 
 
 Sec, 19. There shall be a city controller, elected as hereinbefore 
 provided, who shall, under the charter and ordinances, be subject 
 to the general direction of the board of finance in all matters relat- 
 ing to the financial affairs of the city, except as herein otherwise 
 expressly provided. 
 
 Sec. 20. He shall keep, in books provided for that purpose, 
 accounts with each of the city departments, with such of the city 
 officers as may be designated by the board of finance, and such 
 other accounts as the city ordinances or said board of finance may 
 direct. 
 
 Sec. 21. He shall prescribe the form of all accounts and of all 
 reports to be rendered, and shall have the inspection and super- 
 vision of the accounts of all other departments and officers, and pro- 
 vide all books, stationery, and office supplies necessary for their use. 
 
 Sec. 22. He shall audit immediately after the first day of each 
 month the accounts of the several departments and all of said 
 officers who receive, pay out, or dispose of the money or other 
 property of the city ; shall make proper comparisons of the same, 
 and report his findings to the mayor, and a duplicate thereof to the 
 treasurer; he shall daily audit the cash account of the treasurer for 
 the last previous day, and certify at the foot of said account as to 
 its correctness, and shall submit to the mayor on or before the 
 twentieth day of January, the twentieth day of April, the twentieth 
 day of July, and the twentieth day of October in each year, a 
 report of the condition of each of said accounts, together with a 
 summary of all accounts of the city, verified by his oath or affirma-
 
 —17— 
 
 tion, exhibiting- the revenues, receipts, and expenditures, the source 
 from which the revenues and funds are derived, and in what man- 
 ner the same have been disbursed, and the amount drawn against 
 each item of the appropriations, and the mayor shall cause said 
 reports to be submitted to both boards of the common council and 
 the board of finance. 
 
 Sec. 23. He shall keep a separate account for each specific item 
 of the appropriations, and shall require all warrants to state speciti- 
 cally against which of said items the warrant is drawn. Each 
 account shall be accompanied by a detailed statement, in a separate 
 column, of the unpaid contracts and outstanding- orders charg-eJ 
 against it. 
 
 Sec. 24. He shall not suffer any appropriation to be overdrawn, 
 or the appropriation for one item of expense to be drawn upon for 
 any other purpose, or by any department other than that for which 
 the appropriation was specially made, except in case of transfers 
 made as hereinafter provided. No warrant shall be issued unless 
 sufficient funds to pay the same shall actually be in the treasury. 
 If he shall certify any bill, contract, or claim in excess of appro- 
 priation properly applicable thereto, the city shall not be liable for 
 such excess, but he shall be personally liable therefor, and his sureties 
 shall also be liable to the amount of his bond. 
 
 Sec. 25. Each claim or account against the city shall be first 
 verified by the oath or affirmation of the claimant or his authorized 
 agent, if required by the board of finance, then certified to be 
 correct and justly due by the officer or board by whom, or under 
 whose authority, the same was contracted. Such claim or account 
 shall then be transmitted to the controller, who shall carefully 
 examine and compute each bill rendered, and, on finding it correct, 
 he shall so certify, and then lay it before the board of finance for 
 approval, and no bill shall be paid until approved by a majority of 
 said board of finance in writing. If any claimant is indebted to 
 said city, the controller shall report such indebtedness to said board, 
 together with the claim. When approved by said board, said con- 
 troller shall number the several claims and enter them in books 
 kept by him for that purpose ; and when said claims are so num- 
 bered and entered the city clerk shall draw his order on the city 
 treasurer for the several amounts due. and prepare and fill out 
 receipts in accordance therewith, and shall place said orders in the 
 hands of the controller, who shall countersign and disburse the
 
 —18— 
 
 same when duly receipted for; proinded, that for any sums for 
 which the city becomes legally liable upon its bonds or notes, the 
 city clerk may draw his order upon the treasurer, upon which, 
 when countersigned by the mayor and controller, said sums shall 
 be paid. When the identity of the claimant is doubtful, said claim- 
 ant may be required to make oath or affirmation or furnish other 
 evidence that he is the person, or the legal representative of the 
 person, in whose favor the order is drawn. And the city clerk and 
 the controller are hereby severally authorized to administer oaths 
 or alBrmations. The provisions of this section shall not apply to 
 the department of education. 
 
 Nothing herein contained shall prohibit the controller and city 
 clerk from drawing and delivering an order on the treasurer in 
 payment of an execution issued by the clerk of any court to the 
 person in whose favor any judgment may have been rendered by 
 said court. 
 
 Sec. 26. The controller shall give bonds to the amount of 
 twenty thousand dollars to the city of New Haven. He shall have 
 an office in the city hall, and shall keep the same open during such 
 hours as the board of finance may direct. 
 
 Sec. 27. The controller shall, at the end of each fiscal year, or 
 oftener, if so required by the mayor, and also upon the death, 
 resignation, removal, or the expiration of the term of any officer, 
 audit or cause to be audited, examine, and settle the accounts of 
 such officer, and if he shall be found indebted to the city, the con- 
 troller shall state an account and file the same with the corpora- 
 tion counsel, together with a copy of the official bond of such 
 officer, if any. and give notice thereof to him or his legal repre- 
 sentatives ; and the corporation counsel shall proceed to collect 
 such balance from such officer or his sureties within six months 
 from the receipt of such account. Notice of the audit shall be 
 given by the controller to the officer or his legal representatives 
 before the final statement of the account, and, if desired by such 
 officer or his legal representatives, opportunity shall be given for a 
 hearing. A copy of such notice, with an affidavit to the fact of 
 service thereof, shall be filed, with the statement of account, as 
 •evidence of service of notice.
 
 —19— 
 Treasurer. 
 
 Sec. 28. There shall be a treasurer who shall be elected as 
 hereinbefore provided, who shall have the same power and authority 
 as town treasurers and shall be accountable to said city. He shall 
 have an office in the city hall, which shall be kept open during 
 such hours as may be by ordinance prescribed. He shall give bonds 
 in the amount of fifty thousand dollars. He shall be allowed such 
 clerical expenses as may be approved by the board of finance, and 
 all appointments of clerks in his office shall be made by said 
 treasurer without reference to the civil service board. 
 
 Sec. 29. All city funds shall be deppsited in such bank or 
 banks as shall be designated by the board of finance, whose duty it 
 shall be to obtain the highest rate of interest therefor consistent 
 with the safety of the deposits. All interest upon said deposits 
 shall belong to said city. 
 
 Sec. 30. The treasurer shall pay all orders drawn on him by 
 the city clerk and countersigned by the controller, or drawn by the 
 board of education in the order in which they shall be presented 
 to him. The treasurer shall report to the board of finance, on the 
 first of each month, the amount of money belonging to said city 
 in his hands, and the sources from which it was received, and shall 
 present to said board each month his accounts for the month next 
 preceding, properly audited and certified by the controller. 
 
 Collector. 
 
 Sec. 31. There shall be in said city a collector, elected as here- 
 inbefore provided, who shall also be the collector of taxes for the 
 New Haven city school district. He shall have all the power and 
 be subject to all of the duties imposed by law upon collectors of 
 town, city, and school district taxes. He shall receive and collect 
 all taxes, including poll and military taxes, from persons liable to 
 pay the same, and all assessments of every kind made by said city, 
 and all license fees payable to said city. All licenses issued by any 
 city department or officer shall be presented to the collector, or his 
 authorized agent, in the collector's office, who shall receive the fee 
 prescribed therefor, and shall countersign each license before the 
 same shall be of effect. He shall cause a record of each license so
 
 —20— 
 
 countersigned to be kept in his office. The mayor shall have 
 power to issue a warrant for the collection of any of said taxes or 
 assessments. The collector shall have the same power to sign cer- 
 tificates of tax liens and certificates of their release and discharge 
 which is by law given to the mayors of cities. The salary paid to 
 the collector by the city shall be in lieu of all other compensation 
 for services. 
 
 Sec. 32. It shall be the duty of the collector to report to the 
 assistant corporation counsel, on the first Monday in September in 
 each year, all taxes and assessments upon property and all poll and 
 military taxes which have not been abated according to law and 
 which have been due and unpaid for a period of one year; and it 
 shall be the duty of the assistant corporation counsel to proceed 
 forthwith to take all legal steps necessary to enforce the payment 
 of said taxes and assessments. Whenever any tax due to said city 
 is abated, the authority making the abatement shall cause notice 
 thereof to be given forthwith to the collector. 
 
 Sec. 33. Said collector shall, before three o'clock in the after- 
 noon of each business day, deposit with the treasurer of said city 
 all moneys collected by him during the twenty-four hours then 
 ended, and shall take the treasurer's receipt for the same in dupli- 
 cate, one copy of which he shall file in the controller's office forth- 
 with. 
 
 Sec. 34. Said collector shall give bonds in the amount of one 
 hundred thousand dollars. 
 
 City Clerk. 
 
 Sec. 35. There shall be a city clerk elected as hereinbefore pro- 
 vided. He shall be clerk of the board of aldermen and of the 
 board of finance, and shall record their doings. He shall send 
 immediately after it takes efifect, a copy of any ordinance, resolu- 
 tion, or order of the court of common council to each department 
 or officer afifected thereby. He shall perform such clerical services 
 as may be required by the ordinances of the city. He shall publish 
 all city ordinances by advertising in all daily newspapers published 
 in said city such ordinances as soon as the same are enacted, 
 together with notice that such ordinances have been passed, and 
 shall record in full in the records of said city all ordinances so
 
 —21— 
 
 enacted, and record the fact of such pubHcation. He shall make 
 upon the records of said city, entries of his own acts in serving and 
 publishing notices of orders and ordinances passed by the court of 
 common council. Said clerk shall devote his entire time to the 
 service of the city, and shall have no other occupation during his 
 term of office ; and he shall keep his office open during such hours 
 as the ordinances of the city shall direct. He shall give bonds in 
 the amount of ten thousand dollars. 
 
 Assistant City Clerk. 
 
 Sec. 36. The court of common council shall, during the month 
 of January, 1907, and of each year thereafter, appoint an assistant 
 city clerk, who, after having taken oath or affirmation provided 
 by law for the clerk of said city, shall, in the absence or disability 
 of said clerk, have power to perform all the duties of said clerk. 
 All acts of said assistant clerk and all records kept by him shall 
 have the same validity and effect as acts and records of the city 
 clerk. The assistant clerk shall be clerk of and make true and 
 regular entries of all votes and proceedings of the board of council- 
 men, and of each of the joint standing committees of the court of 
 common council. He shall compile the city year book. He shall 
 give bonds in the amount of five thousand dollars. 
 
 (The assistant city clerk of said city shall be clerk of the board 
 of aldermen and make true and regular entries of all votes and 
 proceedings of the said board of aldermen. Amendment to Charter 
 approved June 14, 1901.) As amended by act approved July 6, 
 1905. 
 
 The assistant city clerk in office May 31, 1906, shall continue to 
 hold his office until January i 1907. 
 
 Sealer of Weights and Measures. 
 
 Sec. 37. The sealer of weights and measures of said city in office 
 when this act takes effect shall continue in office until his successor 
 is appointed and has duly qualified, unless sooner removed for cause 
 in accordance with the provisions of this act. It shall be his duty, 
 at least once in each year, to compare all scales, weights, and meas-
 
 ures with the Ignited States standard weights and measures be- 
 longing to the city oi Xew Haven. Said sealer of weights and 
 measures may appoint, with the approval of the mayor, such number 
 of assistants as he may think necessary in the discharge of his 
 duties, and their acts shall have equal authority with his own. He 
 may remove any of said assistants at pleasure. He shall perform 
 all other duties required of him by the ordinances of the city. He 
 shall receive compensation for his services the salary provided in 
 section forty of this act, and such fees to hjm and his assistants as 
 the board of aldermen may by ordinance prescribe. After due 
 hearing and by written order, giving his reasons therefor, which 
 reasons shall not be political, the mayor may remove the sealer 
 of weights and measures and appoint his successor. When a 
 vacancy shall exist in said office of the sealer of weights and 
 measures, the mayor shall appoint a new sealer of weights and 
 measures from among those persons certified as eligible to such 
 position by the civil service board and under the rules of said board. 
 — As amended by act approved June i8. 1903. 
 
 City Sheriff. 
 
 Sec. 38. The city sheriff shall, when duly required, attend upon 
 the city court, when sitting for the transaction of civil business 
 only, shall notify, when so directed by the mayor, the members of 
 the court of common council of any meeting of either body, or any 
 committee thereof, and may serve any civil process returnable to or 
 issued by either of said courts, or any committee of the same, and 
 shall serve all notices issued by any committee or departments. 
 He shall perform all other duties required of him by law and the 
 ordinances of the city. 
 
 Mayor's Secretary. 
 
 Sec. 39. The mayor's secretary in office May 31, 1907, shall 
 continue to hold his office until the first week day of January, 1908. 
 During the month of January, 1908, and biennially thereafter, the 
 mayor shall appoint a secretary who shall be under the direction 
 of the mayor. In addition to his duties as secretary to the mayor, 
 he shall perform such other duties as may be by ordinance prescribed. 
 — As amended by act approved July 6, 1905.
 
 —23— 
 
 Salaries. 
 
 Sec. 40. The salary of each of the following-named officers 
 shall be at the rate herein provided : The mayor, thirty-five hun- 
 dred dollars per annum ; the mayor's secretary, one thousand dol- 
 lars per annum ; the corporation counsel, thirty-five hundred dollars 
 per annum ; the assistant corporation counsel, one thousand dollars 
 per annum ; the controller, three thousand dollars per annum ; the 
 treasurer, one thousand dollars per annum : the collector, four 
 thousand dollars per annum; the, city clerk, two thousand dollars 
 per annum ; the assistant city clerk, twelve hundred dollars per 
 annum ; the sealer of weights and measures, seven hundred dollars 
 per annum ; the city sheriff, tw^elve hundred dollars per annum. 
 These and all other salaries paid by the city shall be payable in 
 monthly instalments by the treasurer of said city, and shall be in 
 lieu of any and all compensation for any services required by the 
 city of said officers respectively by this act, except as the same may 
 be herein otherwise specified; provided, that if the court of com- 
 mon council at any time, by an affirmative vote of two-thirds of all 
 the members of each board, shall resolve that it is expedient to 
 increase or decrease the .salary of any city official to a certain 
 specified sum, and if said resolve shall be adopted by the next 
 court of common council in the succeeding year by a like vote, 
 then said court may proceed to enact an ordinance increasing or 
 decreasing said salary to the sum specified. 
 
 DEPARTMENTS. 
 Board of Finance. 
 
 Sec. 41. There shall be in said city a department of finance, 
 which shall be under the control of a board consisting of the mayor, 
 M^ho shall be its presiding officer, the controller, and. after June i, 
 1904, one alderman, who shall be elected by the board of aldermen 
 in the month of January, 1907. and each year thereafter, and six 
 citizens, none of whom shall hold an\- other office in said city 
 government, and to be appointed as hereafter provided ; but said 
 elections and appointments shall be so made that not more than five 
 members of said board shall at any time belong to the same political 
 party. The necessary expenses of said board shall be paid by the
 
 —24— 
 
 city, but no member of the board shall be paid for his services. 
 The alderman elected by the board of aldermen to be a member of 
 the board of finance of said city, and who shall be serving as such 
 member of the board of finance on May 31, 1906, shall continue 
 to be a member of the board of finance until January i, 1907. — As 
 amended by act approved July 6, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 42. It shall be the duty of said board to hold a regular 
 weekly meeting on some day to be fixed by said board, and the 
 mayor may call a special meeting at any time, on reasonable per- 
 sonal notice to the members thereof, or on written or printed 
 notice sent to the residence of each member, or mailed to him by 
 the clerk of said board, at least twenty-four hours before the time 
 of holding such meeting. It shall be the duty of said board care- 
 fully to examine and consider all claims and accounts against the 
 city submitted for its approval, and to approve by the signatures 
 of a majority of its members such claims or accounts as it finds to 
 be justly due. 
 
 Sec. 43. In the month of January, 1907, and in each January 
 thereafter, the mayor shall appoint three citizen members of said 
 board for a term of two years from the first day of February next 
 succeeding. — As amended by act approved July 6, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 44. In the month of November in each year the board of 
 finance shall make estimates of the moneys necessary to be appro- 
 priated for the expenses of said city for the year next ensuing, 
 beginning January first, and of the rate of taxation required to meet 
 the same, and shall classify the said expenses under appropriate 
 heads and departments. In the preparation of said estimates said 
 board of finance shall give notice to each board or department, of a 
 definite time and place where they will meet to consider the needs 
 of such board or department ; said board of finance shall recom- 
 mend such tax upon the polls and ratable estates within the limits 
 of said city as it shall deem necessary to meet such expenses. Said 
 estimates and the rate of taxation recommended shall be submitted to 
 the court of common council during the first week of the month of 
 December next succeeding, and, within five days after said submis- 
 sion, shall be published once in each of the daily newspapers in said 
 city ; and after such publication and before the twentieth day of 
 said month of December said court shall proceed to consider and act 
 upon said estimates, and said appropriations and rate of taxation, so 
 reported by the board of finance to said court, shall be final, and
 
 —25— 
 
 the appropriations and rate of taxation shall be the legal appropria- 
 tions and the legal rate of taxation for said city, unless changed by 
 a two-thirds vote of each board of the court of common council ; 
 but said court of common council shall not have power to increase 
 the appropriations, or any item thereof, or the rate of taxation as 
 recommended by the board of finance, nor shall said court of com- 
 mon council reduce any item fixed by said board of finance for the 
 payment of interest or principal of the municipal debt. But the 
 total amount of such annual appropriations for any one year shall 
 not exceed the estimated income for that year, nor shall any city or 
 department officer or board of commissioners of said city make any 
 expenditures except for the objects and purposes specified by said 
 court of common council. Nor shall any city or department officer 
 or board of commissioners of said city incur any liability or e'xpense 
 by contract or otherwise for which said city shall be responsible in 
 excess of the appropriations so made by said board of finance and 
 said court of common council. 
 
 The board of finance, upon the recommendation of the court of 
 common council, shall have power to make appropriations for pub- 
 lic receptions, parades, concerts and celebrations to an amount not 
 exceeding fifteen hundred dollars for any one of said purposes in 
 any one year. No amount appropriated for any one purpose, 
 whether general or special, shall be used or appropriated for any 
 other purpose except the same be authorized by the board of finance. 
 — As amended by act approved April 30, 1901. 
 
 Sec. 45. The board of finance may provide at any time for the 
 discounting, at current rates of interest, of all sums assessed for 
 taxes, but not yet payable. Said board shall have power, in the 
 name of the city, to borrow such sums from time to time, as in its 
 opinion may be needed for city purposes, in anticipation of such 
 taxes as shall have been previously laid, and in anticipation of the 
 sale of bonds which may have been ordered by the court of com- 
 mon council in accordance with law, and for no other purpose ; and 
 the amount so borrowed shall be repaid from said taxes when col- 
 lected or from the sale of such bonds. It shall be the duty of said 
 board to make rules regulating the method of payment of all officers 
 and employes of said city and prescribing the forms of the receipts 
 to be required.
 
 —26— 
 
 Di:i'ARTMENT OF PoLICE SERVICE. 
 
 Sec. 46. There shall be in said city a department of police service 
 which shall be under the management and control of a board con- 
 sisting- of the mayor and six commissioners to be appointed as here- 
 inafter provided, and with duties as herein set forth. — As amended 
 by act approved July 6, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 47. Said department shall preserve the peace, good order, 
 and security of said city, and shall consist of a chief and such ofifi- 
 cers, policemen, supernumeraries, special constables, police matrons, 
 and employes as the board of police commissioners may from 
 time to time prescribe. All promotions of officers and members of 
 the police force shall be made by the board of police commissioners 
 on grounds of meritorious police service and superior capacity, 
 and shall be as follows : sergeants of police shall be selected from 
 among patrolmen, and captains from among the sergeants. All 
 appointments, including special constables, and promotions, except 
 the chief, shall be made by said board in accordance with the rules 
 of the civil service board, but no one except special constables shall 
 be permanently appointed until he shall have performed active 
 police service as supernumerary for at least six months. Said 
 board of police commissioners shall have power to designate mem- 
 bers of such supernumerary force for such period of active service 
 as it may think proper. The board of police commissioners may 
 establish a detective bureau, which shall be under the charge and 
 direction of a captain of the detective force, who shall be subject 
 to the order of the chief of police. — As amended by act approved 
 April 9, 1901. 
 
 Sec. 48. During the month of January, 1907, and in each 
 January thereafter, the mayor shall appoint two members of said 
 board for a term of three years from the first day of February next 
 succeeding. No more than three members of said board shall at 
 any one time belong to the same political party. As amended b}^ 
 act approved July 6, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 49. The mayor shall be, ex-ofificio, a member and chairman 
 of said board and may vote upon all questions, including the election 
 and appointment of any officer or employe elected or appointed by 
 said board. When a vacancy shall exist in the office of chief, the 
 mayor shall appoint a new chief, who shall only be removable as
 
 -Z/- 
 
 provided for other appointees of the mayor. — As amended hy act 
 approved July ^>, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 50. The board of police commissioners shall fix the pay or 
 compensation of all members of the department, except the chief, 
 whose salary shall be at the rate of twenty-five hundred dollars per 
 year, provided that the pay of the members of the veteran reserve 
 shall be regulated in accordance with the amount of duty performed, 
 and shall not be more than one-half nor less than one- fourth of the 
 rate of compensation previously received by said members while in 
 the regular grade. 
 
 The present superintendent of police of the city of New Haven 
 shall be and remain, subject to the provisions of said charter, the 
 chief of police of the city of New Haven. — As amended by act 
 approved April 9, 1901. 
 
 Sec. 51. In addition to the supernumerary and regular police 
 forct, there shall be an honorary grade, known as the veteran 
 reserve, to which said board of police commissioners may, at its 
 discretion, transfer any member of the regular force, who shall, 
 through age, or physical disabilities incurred in the discharge of 
 perilous duty, or in long and faithful service, become permanently 
 disqualified for the more active duties of the regular grade ; and 
 said board of police commissioners may, at its discretion, by the 
 affirmative vote of at least four commissioners, as a reward for con- 
 spicuously meritorious service, retire permanently from duty any 
 members of the veteran reserve after twenty-five years of continuous 
 service in the department, upon the certificate of the surgeon of the 
 department or of a board of surgeons to be designated by said board 
 of police commissioners, showing that said member is permanently 
 disabled, physically or mentally, so as to be unfit for any police 
 duty; provided, that such board of surgeons shall further certify 
 that in his or their opinion said disability is due to injury received 
 or exposure endured in the performance of duty in said department ; 
 and such member so retired shall be entitled to receive from the 
 policemen's relief fund of the department, during his lifetime, 
 unless said vote is annulled by a unanimous vote of said commis- 
 sioners, an annual sum, payable monthly^^ not exceeding one-half, 
 nor less than one-third, of his previous compensation per annum. 
 — As amended by act approved May 3, 1901. 
 
 Sec. 52. The board of police commissioners shall select and pro- 
 vide for all elections held in said citv and town, in each ward and
 
 —28— 
 
 voting district of said city and town, a proper and suitable place 
 for holding such elections, and shall, at least ten days before the 
 holding of such elections, furnish the mayor of said city with the 
 list of places designated for such elections ; provided, hoxvever,' that 
 no saloon or place where intoxicating liquors are usually sold shall 
 be selected for such purpose. Said board shall also, in case of any 
 election to be held in and for said town, at least ten days before the 
 holding of any such election, furnish the selectmen of said town 
 with a list of the places designated for such election. It shall be 
 the duty of the chief of said department to make and enforce 
 uniform rules to preserve the peace, enforce good order, and pre- 
 vent persons not voting or waiting their turn to vote, or engaged 
 in conducting said election, from congregating within one hundred 
 feet of said voting place. 
 
 Nothing herein contained shall give the board of police commis- 
 sioners nor the city of New Haven any control over elections held 
 in the borough of Fair Haven East or in the Westville school dis- 
 trict, nor shall the expense of the elections in said borough or in 
 said school district be paid by the city or town of New Haven. — As 
 amended by act approved April 9, 1901. 
 
 Inspector of Lamps. 
 
 Sec, 53. The department of police shall render such assistance 
 in the care and management of public lamps as the court of com- 
 mon council may direct. The mspector of lamps appointed by the 
 mayor in June, 1897, shall continue to hold the office of inspector 
 of lampg until his successor has been appointed and has duly 
 qualified. After due hearing, and by written order, giving his 
 reasons therefor, the mayor may remove the inspector of lamps and 
 appoint his successor. The inspector of lamps shall perform such 
 duties in the care and management of lamps, and in the care and 
 management of street signs on the same, as shall be specified by 
 the court of common council and approved by the mayor. He 
 shall receive such salary for his services as may be fixed by th^ 
 court of common council of said city.
 
 —29— 
 Department of Fire Service. 
 
 Sec. 54. There shall be in said city a department of fire service, 
 which shall be under the management and control of a board of 
 five commissioners to be appointed as hereinafter provided and 
 with duties as herein set forth. 
 
 Sec. 55. Said department of fire service shall be charged with 
 the duty of protecting the city against danger from fire and unsafe 
 construction of buildings, and shall consist of a chief, a fire marshal, 
 a superintendent of fire alarm telegraph and electrical construction, 
 and such officers and employes as the board of fire commissioners 
 may from time to time prescribe. All appointments and promotions, 
 except the chief, who shall be appointed by the mayor, shall be made 
 by said board in accordance with the rules of the civil service board. 
 The salary of the chief shall be at the rate of twenty-five hundred 
 dollars per annum, and the compensation of the officers and employes 
 of said department shall be determined by the board of fire com- 
 missioners. Said board of fire commissioners shall have authority 
 to make a contract with corporations and individuals outside of the 
 original twelve wards, and outside of the limits of said city, granting 
 such corporations and individuals fire protection for such compensa- 
 tion as may be deemed just and proper, subject to the approval of 
 the court of common council. — As amended by act approved July 
 19, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 56. During the month of January, 1907, and in January of 
 each year thereafter, the mayor shall appoint for*a term of three 
 years from the first day of February next succeeding such number 
 of commissioners as may be necessary to fill vacancies arising by 
 reason of the expiration of terms. Not more than three members 
 of said board shall at any one time belong to one political party. 
 Whenever a vacancy shall hereafter exist in the office of chief, the 
 mayor shall appoint a new chief, who shall be removable as provided 
 for other appointees of the mayor. The present superintendent of 
 the fire department of the city of New Haven shall be and remain, 
 subject to the provisions of said charter, the chief of the fire depart- 
 ment of the city of New Haven. — As amended by act approved 
 July 6, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 57. It shall be the duty of the fire marshal to inspect from 
 time to time the schoolhouses and other public buildings, and all 
 buildings in which any public assemblies, exhibitions, entertain-
 
 —30— 
 
 ments, or shows are held, for the purpose of ascertaining- whether 
 such buildings are in danger of damage or destruction from fire or 
 unsafe construction, and whether the ordinances concerning means 
 of exit from such buildings are obeyed. It shall also be his duty, 
 whenever he may deem it necessary, to inspect any building in the 
 cit}', with a view to ascertaining whether the ordinances relating to 
 the construction, use, and condition of buildings are obeyed, and 
 he shall perform all other duties in regard to the inspection of 
 buildings, or issuing permits for the construction thereof, which 
 may be required of him by the ordinances of the city. It shall be 
 his duty to report all unsafe buildings and all violations of such 
 ordinances to the mayor. The court of common council may 
 make such orders as it may deem necessary for the alteration and 
 improvement of such buildings; provided, that the court of com- 
 mon council may provide for an inspector of buildings, who, after 
 said office is authorized, and the salary has been fixed by the court 
 of common council, shall be appointed by the mayor, who, before 
 making such appointment, shall cause to be filed with the city clerk 
 for record a certificate of ability issued and signed by at least 
 two of three competent New Haven architects designated by the 
 mayor, which certificate shall be issued after such examination of 
 the candidate for appointment as they consider necessary to deter- 
 mine his competency for the duties of said office. 
 
 Sec. 58. It shall be the duty of the superintendent of fire alarm 
 telegraph and electrical construction to have charge of the fire 
 alarm telegraph system in said city, and also to inspect electrical 
 plants, and the use and construction of wares on which electricity 
 is conducted \\ithin said city, and secure the enforcement of all 
 ordinances and regulations passed by the court of common council 
 in regard to such plants and wires, and shall perform such other 
 duties as may be by ordinance prescribed. 
 
 General Provisions concerning the Police and Fire 
 Departments, 
 
 Sec. 59. The board of commissioners of each of the police and 
 fire departments shall have control thereof and of all the property 
 of said city used for and by said departments, shall purchase all 
 supplies, and shall provide for the heating, lighting, and repairs of
 
 —31— 
 
 the buildings used by such departments, and shall have power to 
 prescribe and define the duties of the members of such depart- 
 ments, and to make all rules necessary for the proper g-overnment 
 thereof and the appointment of officers and employes. 
 
 Sec. 60. The chief of each of the police and fire departments 
 shall be the chief executive officer of his department, and shall be 
 chargeable for its efficiency and responsible for the execution of all 
 laws and the rules and regulations of the department. 
 
 He shall assign to duty all the members of his department, mak- 
 ing such changes from time to time as in his judgment the effi- 
 ciency of the department may require. 
 
 He shall have the power to suspend, without pay, any member 
 of the regular force; provided, however, that no such suspension 
 shall be continued for a period of more than ten days without 
 affirmative action by the commissioners of his department, which 
 action shall not be taken until after a hearing upon charges pre- 
 ferred in writing; a copy of such charges shall be left with said 
 officers at least forty-eight hours prior to the time fixed for such 
 • hearing. He shall have power to grant leaves of absence to mem- 
 bers of the force for a period not exceeding five days, reporting to 
 his board of commissioners all changes or assignments of office and 
 absences granted. — As amended .by act approved April 9, 1901. 
 
 Sec. 61. When this act takes effect the chief of each of said 
 departments shall continue to be the chief of his department, with 
 the powers and duties herein specified, and all officers and employes 
 of said departments shall continue to hold their respective positions 
 subject to the provisions hereof.— As amended by act approved 
 April 9, 1901. 
 
 Sec. 62. All lawful city ordinances relating to either of said 
 departments and to any officer thereof, and all of the regulations 
 of either of said departments in force at the time fixed for the 
 ■ taking effect of this act, and not inconsistent herewith, are hereby 
 continued in effect until the same shall be duly amended by com- 
 petent authority. 
 
 Sec. 63. No commissioner on said police board excepting 
 licensed druggists shall, either as principal, agent, or employe, be 
 engaged in or directly or indirectly interested in the manufacture 
 or sale of intoxicating liquors or bottled drinks at wholesale. No 
 one of said commissioners, nor any member of the court of com- 
 mon council, shall be or become bondsman for any person by reason
 
 —32— 
 
 of any obligation entered into by such person with said city or any 
 department or officer thereof, nor shall any commissioner or mem- 
 ber of the court of common council be or become surety upon any 
 license bond given by an applicant for a license to sell intoxicating 
 liquors, nor shall any one of them sign any application for such 
 license. 
 
 Sec. 64. Each of said boards of commissioners shall have sole 
 power of appointment and promotion of all officers and employes 
 of their respective departments, under such rules and regulations 
 as they may adopt for the purpose, except where otherwise pro- 
 vided. Four members of the board of police commissioners and 
 three members of the board of fire commissioners shall constitute 
 a quorum for the transaction of business. No appointments or 
 promotions in the police department shall be made except by the 
 affirmative vote of not less than four commissioners, except where 
 otherwise provided. 
 
 Sec. 65. Each of said boards of commissioners shall have 
 power, for cause, after a hearing on charges made in writing, to 
 remove, reduce in rank, or suspend without pay any officer or . 
 employe in its department that it has power to appoint. No re- 
 moval, reduction in rank, or suspension shall be made for political 
 reasons. Charges against any officer or employe shall be preferred 
 by the chief, served upon the person accused at least forty-eight 
 hours before the time fixed for a hearing, and presented to the 
 board of commissioners of the department to which such officer or 
 employe may belong. — As amended by act approved April 9, 1901. 
 
 Any officer or employe dismissed may make his application to any 
 judge of the superior court within and for New Haven county in 
 the nature of an appeal from such order of the board of commis- 
 sioners, which application shall be made returnable not more than 
 six nor less than three days from the date of such order of the 
 commissioners, and a copy thereof shall be served upon the city 
 clerk at least forty-eight hours before the day on which it is made 
 returnable. Said judge, having given such further notice as he 
 may deem necessary, shall forthwith hear said application, and may 
 approve, modify, or revoke such order, and may award costs at 
 his discretion. During the pendency of said application such order 
 of the commissioners shall have full force and efifect, subject, how- 
 ever, to the power of said judge if such order shall be modified or
 
 —33— 
 
 revoked to make his decree relate back to the date of such order, 
 — Added as amendment to section 65 by act approved June 22, 1903. 
 
 Policemen's and Firemen's Pension Funds. 
 
 Sec. 66. There shall hereafter be a fund for the policemen and 
 a fund for the firemen of said city, known as the Policemen's Relief 
 Fund and the Firemen's Relief Fund, to which shall belong: 
 
 1. All moneys and securities included in the funds now existing 
 in each department. 
 
 2. All bequests and donations, from public or private sources, to 
 either department on account of services rendered, or for the pur- 
 poses for which the fund is established. 
 
 3. Five per centum of all fees collected on account of licenses 
 issued to sell spirituous or intoxicating liquors within the city of 
 New Haven until the Policemen's Relief Fund amounts to the 
 sum of fifty thousand dollars, and the Firemen's Relief Fund 
 amounts to the sum of fifty thousand dollars. When the funds of 
 these departments equal the sums above named, no more fees from 
 licenses to sell spirituous or intoxicating liquors within the city of 
 New Haven shall be paid into said funds, but shall be paid into 
 the city treasury to be used for ordinary expenses, except the funds 
 at any time shall fall below the sum of fifty thousand dollars in the 
 Policemen's Relief Fund, and fifty thousand dollars in the Fire- 
 men's Relief Fund, then the fees, to the amount of five per centum, 
 collected on account of licenses to sell spirituous or intoxicating 
 liquors within the city of New Haven, shall be paid into said fund 
 until the amounts above named are reached, and the 'fee shall then 
 cease to be paid, and revert to the city treasury. 
 
 4. All moneys or property presented to any member of either 
 department on account of special services, except such as may, by 
 special vote of the board of commissioners of such department, and 
 with the approval of the mayor, be retained by such member. 
 
 5. Assessments on the salaries of members of the police depart- 
 ment at the rate of two per centum per annum, payable monthly 
 or quarterly as the trustees of such fund may determine. 
 
 6. Such monthly assessments on the salaries of members of the 
 fire department, not exceeding two per centum per annum, as the 
 trustees of such f'.nd may determine. — As amended by act approved 
 May 3, 1901.
 
 Si'X". 67. Said funds sliall ]k' rcspcotivel}' known as the "lV)lice- 
 men's Relief Inind" and "'Idu- iMrenien's Relief Fund." and the 
 former shall also include all lost, ahandoned, unclaimed, or stolen 
 moneys in charge of the police de]Kirtment, and all moneys arising 
 from the sale of lost, abandoned, unclaimed or stolen property in 
 charge of said department, now made available for the ])urpose by 
 the statute laws of the state. 
 
 Sec. 68. The boards of commissioners of such departments 
 shall respectively be boards of trustees of said funds, and may 
 invest and reinvest the same as the laws relating to trust funds 
 may permit. The mayor shall be president of each of said boards, 
 the city treasurer shall be its treasurer, and the clerk of the depart- 
 ment its clerk. All orders on said funds shall be signed by the 
 clerk and countersigned by the president. 
 
 Sec. 69. The board of police commissioners, with the afftrma- 
 tive vote of four commissioners and with the mayor's approval, and 
 the board of fire commissioners, with the affirmative vote of three 
 commissioners and with the mayor's approval, may permanently 
 retire any member of the department who, while in the actual per- 
 formance of duty and- by reason of the perfomiance of such duty, 
 and without fault and misconduct on his part, shall have become 
 permanently disabled, physically or mentally, so as to be entirely 
 unfitted to perform such duties ; and either of such boards may 
 cause to be paid from the fund of said department to said member 
 during his lifetime and in monthly instalments, unless said vote is 
 annulled by four of said police commissioners or three of said fire 
 commissioners, as the case may be, a sum not greater than one-half 
 nor less than one-fourth of his previous compensation ; provided, 
 hozvcvcr, that in the cases mentioned in this section, such medical 
 examiners as said board may appoint shall certify in writing that 
 such disability exists, and in their opinion from such cause. 
 
 Sec. 70. The board of police commissioners, with the affirma- 
 tive vote of four commissioners, and with the mayor's approval, 
 and the board of fire commissioners, with the affirmative vote of 
 three commissioners and the mayor's approval, may cause a sum 
 not exceeding two thousand dollars to be paid from the fund of 
 such department to the widow of, or other person or persons depen- 
 dent upon, any member of such department who shall have 
 been killed while in the actual performance of duty, or shall have 
 died from the effects of any injury received while in the actual dis-
 
 —35— 
 
 charg-e of such duty, and may apportion sucli sum between such 
 persons as it may deem best. 
 
 Sec. 71. All members on the retired lists in either department 
 shall be subject to the orders of the board of commissioners of such 
 department, which may at any time require any member to be 
 re-examined, and in case he shall be reported capable of perform- 
 ing duty, may, by the afifirmative vote of four of said police com- 
 missioners and with the mayor's approval, or of three of said fire 
 commissioners, as the case may be, and with the mayor's approval, 
 restore him to service in said department. 
 
 Sec. 72. The clerk in each department shall record all of the 
 doings of the board of trustees, and all of the doings of the board 
 of commissioners in relation to the fund of his department, and 
 shall record the vote of each member on each question connected 
 therewith. An itemized report of the condition of each fund and 
 of all receipts and disbursements shall be submitted to the mayor 
 on or before the fifteenth day of February, 1900, and annually 
 thereafter, for the preceding" fiscal year. 
 
 Department of Public Works. 
 
 Sec. IZ. There shall be in said city a department of public 
 works, which shall be under the charge of one director, appointed 
 by the mayor, who shall be known as the director of public works. 
 His salary shall be at the rate of twenty-five hundred dollars per 
 annum, and, before taking office, he shall file with the city clerk 
 bonds in the amount of ten thousand dollars. The person in office 
 as director of public works when this act takes efifect shall hold 
 office until his successor has been appointed and duly qualified. 
 During the month of January, 1908, and biennially thereafter, the 
 mayor shall appoint a director of public works to hold office during 
 the term for which said mayor shall have been elected and until 
 the successor of such director shall be appointed and duly qualified. 
 — As amended by acts approved June 10, 1901, and July 6, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 74. Except as otherwise provided in this act, the director 
 of public works shall be responsible for the care and management 
 of all streets, avenues, highways, alleys, bridges, public grounds, 
 and parks of said city, and the opening, grading, improving, repair- 
 ing, and cleaning of the same ; of the construction, protection.
 
 —36— 
 
 repair, furnishing-, cleaning, heating", lighting, and general care of 
 all public buildings, except such as are by the express terms of this 
 act under the control of some other officer or department ; of mak- 
 ing and preserving all surveys, maps, plans, drawings, and estimates 
 relating to all works under the charge of said department ; of the 
 construction, repair, cleaning-, and general care of all sewers, drains, 
 culverts, sluiceways, and catch-basins. He shall cause all orders of 
 the court of common council concerning any of said subjects to be 
 executed. The director shall make all suitable rules and regula- 
 tions in regard to said department and the conduct of its business. 
 
 The director of public works shall have the same power and 
 duties in regard to fence viewing as were formerly vested in the 
 board of selectmen of the town of New Haven. 
 
 Sec. 75. During the month of January, 1908, and biennially 
 thereafter, the mayor shall appoint all heads of bureaus provided 
 for in paragraphs one and two of section seventy-six of the charter 
 of said city, to hold office during the term for which said mayor 
 shall have been elected and until their successors be appointed and 
 duly qualified. After due hearing, by written order, giving his 
 reasons therefor he may remove or suspend any officer of such 
 department whom he has power to appoint ; provided, that such 
 written order shall be recorded in the records of the department. 
 — As, amended by acts approved June lo, 1901, and July 6, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 76. There shall be the following bureaus in said depart- 
 ment, the heads of which shall appoint and may remove their own 
 subordinates, except as herein otherwise provided, subject to the 
 approval of the director. 
 
 1. A bureau of streets, the head of which shall be called the 
 superintendent of streets, who shall, under said director, have 
 charge of the opening of all new streets, and the improvement, 
 repair, and cleaning of all streets, avenues, highways, alleys, side- 
 walks, parks, and public grounds under the charge of said depart- 
 ment. The salary of said superintendent shall not exceed eighteen 
 hundred dollars per annum. 
 
 2. A bureau of sewers, the head of which shall be called the 
 superintendent of sewers, who, under said director, shall be charged 
 with the repair, cleaning, and general supervision of all sewers, 
 drains, sluice-ways, culverts, and catch-basins, and with such other 
 duties as mav be designated bv the director. The salarv of said
 
 —Z7— 
 
 superintendent shall not exceed eighteen hundred dollars per 
 annum. 
 
 3. A bureau of engineering;, which shall be under the care of 
 an experienced civil engineer, who shall be known as the city engi- 
 neer, and shall make all surveys, maps, plans, drawings, specifica- 
 tions, and estimates relating to the work of said department; shall 
 superintend the construction and repair of sewers, bridges, and new 
 pavements, and do any other engineering work which said depart- 
 ment may require ; and shall care for and preserve all maps, papers, 
 and books of said department, and perform such other duties as 
 may be by ordinance prescribed. The salary of said engineer shall 
 not exceed twenty-five hundred dollars per annum. 
 
 4. A bureau of compensation, at the head of which shall be a 
 board, consisting of three commissioners, to be appointed by the 
 mayor, not more than two of whom shall belong to the same politi- 
 cal party, which board shall elect one of its members to be presi- 
 dent. The members of said board shall receive for their services 
 such salaries as the board of finance may determine, not exceeding 
 the sum of three hundred dollars each per year. The members of 
 the bureau of compensation holding ofifice when this act takes effect 
 shall continue to hold office until the expiration of the terms for 
 which they were appointed, unless removed in accordance with the 
 provisions of this act; and in the month of June, 1900, and in each 
 June thereafter, the mayor shall appoint one member of said bureau 
 for a term of three years from the first day of July next succeeding. 
 (See Section 17, appendix, page 127.) 
 
 Sec. 77. The director of public works shall appoint such cleri- 
 cal assistance as may be necessary for said department, with salary 
 to be fixed by the board of finance. It shall be the duty of said 
 clerk or clerks to perform the clerical work of said board, and act 
 as clerk of the department of compensation, and also to examine 
 all transfers of real estate within the boundaries of said city which 
 are matters of public record, and to make and preserve, for the use 
 of the department or board, and for the use of all officers of said 
 city, such abstracts of titles to real estate as may facilitate the work 
 of such department or board, or the work of any other department 
 or officer of said city, and perform such other duties as may be by 
 ordinance prescribed. 
 
 Sec. 78. Before the court of common council shall decide to 
 take any land, or to lay out any square, park, street, highway, 
 
 21GS69
 
 —38— 
 
 bridge, or walk, or t(^ cstal)lish any building- line or discontinue any 
 bigbway, it sball refer all pending measures relating tbereto to tlie 
 department of public works. 
 
 Said department sball, after notice to all owners and mortgagees 
 of land proposed to be taken or affected by sucb measures, and 
 after public bearing tbereon, cause a survey of sucb land or a lay- 
 out of sucb public work to be prepared, and an assessment of bene- 
 fits and damages to be made. 
 
 Sec. 79. All of sucb notices sball be signed by a clerk of tbe 
 department, and a notice sball be delivered or mailed to eacb per- 
 son, interested as aforesaid in sucb land, wbo resides in tbe city, or 
 to tbe agent in charge of sucb land, or be left at tbe usual place of 
 abode of said person or agent, at least six days prior to sucb bear- 
 ing. In case any person so interested sball not at tbe time reside 
 in tbe city, or shall be under any legal disability, or in case the 
 owner of any such property is unknown, sucb notice shall be given 
 as a judge of tbe superior court or of tbe court of common pleas 
 may order. 
 
 Sec. 80. The bureau of compensation shall advertise in two or 
 more daily papers three times the time fixed for a hearing on all 
 matters coming before them, and the subject matter of said hearing; 
 and after said hearing shall estimate tbe total probable expense of 
 taking such land, or of making such public improvements, or discon- 
 tinuing such highway, or establishing such building lines, and shall 
 assess benefits and damages for or against all persons interested in 
 the matter, and shall estimate how much of said amount sball be 
 paid by each person whose property is especially benefited by the 
 proposed action, and how much shall be paid to each person whose 
 property is damaged thereby. All assessments shall be for the ex- 
 cess of benefits over damages, if any, or z'icc versa, as the case may 
 be. Said bureau shall make a report of its doings to the depart- 
 ment of public works, and in case the damages shall exceed the 
 assessment over benefits, shall state whether there has been any ap- 
 propriation made in accordance with law to pay for the same, and 
 said department shall report its doings to the court of common 
 council in writing, and shall annex thereto a survey showang the 
 particular designation of tbe land to be taken or the layout of the 
 proposed public improvement. 
 
 Sec. 81. Said court of common council may, after all necessary 
 appropriations have been made, accept said report, and adopt such
 
 —39— 
 
 layout, or assessment, or may modify the same as it may deem best, 
 and when such report or modification shall have been accepted and 
 recorded in the records of the court of common council, and when 
 the damao^es shall have been paid to the person whose property has 
 been taken or damag'ed for such public purpose, or shall have been 
 deposited with the city treasurer to be paicl to such person when he 
 shall apply for the same, then each of said assessments shall be 
 legally deemed to have been made, and if the matter relate to the 
 taking of land, the land described in the order of said court of com- 
 mon council shall be and remain taken and devoted to the public 
 use for which it shall have been so designated. Such assessment 
 shall be published three times in each of two or more daily news- 
 papers published in said city, within one week after compliance 
 with the foregoing provision in regard to the payment of damages, 
 and after the report of the director of public works that the im- 
 provements have been completed. All assessments of benefits shall 
 be payable immediately after the last day of publication of such 
 assessments. The city clerk, shall, with any such assessment, also 
 publish the descriptive part of the order of the court of common 
 council on which such assessment is based, and the date when the 
 same is payable. 
 
 If any person shall refuse to receive the amount found due to 
 him, or in case no one shall be found having authority to receive 
 the sum found due to any particular person, such amount shall be 
 deposited in the treasury of said city, to be paid to the person en- 
 titled to receive the same whenever he shall apply therefor. Xo 
 assessment for benefits shall be collectible nor bear interest until the 
 work for such assessment was laid shall have been completed. 
 Every such assessment shall bear interest at the rate of six per 
 centum per annum from and after the date of such completion 
 until a certificate of lien therefor shall have been filed. 
 
 Sec. 82. The court of common council may order the owner or 
 owners of any land fronting on any highway or street in said city 
 to construct or repair sidewalks, curbs, or gutters within the high- 
 way adjacent to said land, in the manner and within the time speci- 
 fied in such order, at such grade as said city may have constructed 
 in said highway. Notice of such order shall be given by the direc- 
 tor of public works to each property owner affected by said order, 
 in the manner prescribed for serving notices of hearing of said de- 
 partment. If any such owner shall neglect or refuse to comply 
 with such order, or to remove snow, ice, or sleet from the sidewalk
 
 —40— 
 
 adjacent to his land in tlic manner required l)y ordinance, it sliall 
 be the duty of the superintendent of streets, at the expense of the 
 city, to perform the thinc^s required by such order or ordinance, 
 and the expense so incurred sliall, from the time when such super- 
 intendent be,G:ins to act and make expense in the premises, be and 
 continue a lien and real incumbrance in favor of said city upon such 
 land. Such amount may also be recovered in an action in the 
 name of said city. 
 
 Sec. 83. All assessments of benefits made under this act shall 
 be and remain a lien upon the property especially benefited by the 
 public work or improvement in view of which such assessments 
 were made, but the whole amount of assessments for benefits, by 
 reason of any such work or improvement, shall in no case exceed 
 the cost thereof, including the damages payable ; and such liens, 
 and liens for the expenses of the laying of any sidewalk, curb, or 
 gutter by said city, or for the cleaning of any sidewalk, or for the 
 sprinkling of any street, shall take precedence and priority of all 
 other liens or incumbrances on the property whereon the same is 
 imposed (except taxes and other city liens prior in date), and may 
 be foreclosed in the same manner as though said liens were mort- 
 gages on such property in favor of said city to secure the amount of 
 such assessment or expense ; provided, that no such lien shall con- 
 tinue to exist longer than sixty days after such assessment shall have 
 become payable, or, as the case may be, after such expense shall 
 have been incurred, unless within that period a certificate of lien, in 
 the manner and form elsewhere provided, shall be lodged with the 
 town clerk of the town of New Haven, to be by him recorded in a 
 book kept for that purpose. 
 
 (When any lien is put upon any land or buildings under the 
 charter and by-laws of said city, such land and buildings shall be 
 liable for the assessment and interest on the amount of such lien 
 from the date thereof until paid, and also for the tow^n clerk's fee 
 and a fee of one dollar for the drafting of a lien certificate, and, 
 before such lien shall be removed, such assessment, interest, and 
 fees shall be paid to the collector. Amendment by act approved 
 June 3, 1903.) 
 
 Sec. 84. In case any land in front of which any sidewalk, 
 curb, or gutter is ordered, or against which an assessment of bene- 
 fits for any public work is to be made, shall be holden by two or 
 more persons jointly, or two or more persons shall have different
 
 —41 — 
 
 estates tlierein. the board of compensation may apportion between 
 such persons the amount of such assessment or the expense of car- 
 rying' out such order. Said board shall report its doings to the 
 court of common council, and the action of said court of common 
 council thereon shall determine the amount to be paid by the said 
 persons respectively. 
 
 Sec. 85. Any party who shall be aggrieved by any order of the 
 court of common council, making any such assessment of benefits 
 or damages, or requiring- the construction of any sidewalk, curb, or 
 gutter, or the payment of any part of the expense thereof, may 
 make written application for relief to the superior court, to be held 
 in and for New Haven county ; provided, hozuever, that he shall 
 cause a copy of said application to be served upon the city clerk 
 within thirty days after the doing of the act complained of. Said 
 court may, by a committee or otherwise, inquire into the allega- 
 tions of such application, and may confirm, annul, or modify the 
 assessment or other action therein complained of, or make such 
 order in the premises as equity may require, and may allow costs 
 to either or neither party at its discretion ; and said court may 
 inquire into the validity of all the proceedings upon which said 
 assessments or other action is based. No land taken as aforesaid 
 shall be occupied by the city until the time for taking appeals shall 
 have expired, and until all appeals have been finally disposed of. 
 All such appeals shall be privileged cases in the superior court, and 
 it shall be the duty of the corporation counsel to cause such appeals 
 to be heard as speedily as possible. 
 
 Department of Parks. 
 
 Sec. 86. There shall be in said city a department of parks, 
 which shall be under the charge of a board of park commissioners, 
 consisting of the mayor, who shall be its chairman, cx-ofUcio, with 
 power to vote in case of a tie, and eight commissioners, who shall 
 serve without pay and be chosen as follows : The three permanent 
 or citizen commissioners of the East Rock park commission shall 
 be commissioners of said board ; the five other commissioners shall 
 be appointed by the mayor, as hereinafter provided. 
 
 Sec. 87. The three citizen commissioners of East Rock park 
 aforesaid shall hold their respective positions, and their successors
 
 —42— 
 
 shall be appointed, pursuant to the provisions of the act incor- 
 porating^ East Rock park in the city of New Haven, passed at the 
 January session. 1880, and amendments thereto. And in the month 
 of January. i()o6, and. in each January thereafter, the mayor shall 
 appoint one citizen as a park commissioner, to hold office for 
 three years from the first day of February next followinp;-. In the 
 month of January. iC)Oj, and in every second January thereafter, 
 the mayor shall appoint two aldermen to be park commissioners 
 during' their term of office. No park commissioner shall be re- 
 moved except by a vote of the board, but the mayor may fill any 
 vacancy that may occur, except among the commissioners of East 
 Rock park, by an appointment of the same character for the un- 
 expired term. The citizen members of the board of park commis- 
 sioners who shall have been appointed by the mayor prior to Janu- 
 ary I, 1906. shall continue to hold their respective offices for one 
 month after the time when their respective terms of of^ce would, 
 except for this provision, have expired. — As amended by act ap- 
 proved July 6, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 88. Said board shall have general and exclusive charge, 
 control, and management of East Rock park, and of all other 
 public parks, squares, grounds, and open places accjuired or dedi- 
 cated to public use since May twenty-fourth. 1889, and which may 
 hereafter be acquired or dedicated to public use. as parts of or 
 additions to the public park system of the city or town of New- 
 Haven, whether within or without the limits of said city, but not 
 including" streets in parks within the city limits. It shall have sole 
 charge of the preservation, development, and adornment of said 
 parks, and is hereby empowered to make and alter, from time to 
 time, all needful rules and regulations for the maintenance of order, 
 safety, and decency in said parks, the prevention of any depreda- 
 tion therein or misuse of the same, and the protection and preser- 
 vation of said parks both within and without the limits of the city, 
 and to affix penalties for disobedience thereto, which rules and 
 regulations shall have the force of ordinances of the city of New 
 Haven ; proi'idcd, that no such rule or regulation shall be of any 
 effect unless it shall have been first approved by the court of com- 
 mon council and then published at full length in one or more of 
 the daily newspapers published in New Haven, and also printed 
 and posted in conspicuous places within the limits of the parks or 
 places to which such regulation is intended to apply. For the pur-
 
 —43— 
 
 pose of enforcing- such rules and regulations, all such parks and 
 places, whether within or without the limits of said city, are hereby 
 placed under the police jurisdiction of the city of New Haven, and 
 ■complaints for violation of such regulations may be made by the 
 city attorney to the city court of said city ; but nothing contained in 
 this section shall be construed to affect the general police or govern- 
 mental jurisdiction of any town within whose limits any portion of 
 such public park or place may be situated. Any member of the 
 police department or the superintendent of any park may arrest 
 without warrant in any of such parks or places, whether within or 
 without the limits of the city of New Haven, any person who has 
 broken any park rule, or committed, any other offense in said parks ; 
 and the city court of New Haven shall have jurisdiction of all mis- 
 demeanors committed within the limits of said parks. 
 
 Sec. 89. All real and personal estate of the city used for park 
 purposes, within the limits of any other town, shall be exempt from 
 taxation or assessment for benefits and damages. 
 
 Sec. 90. Said board, with the approval of the court of common 
 council, shall have power, in the name and on behalf of the city of 
 New Haven, to procure by gift, purchase, lease, exchange, or other 
 contract, or by condemnation as herein elsewhere provided, real 
 property, whether within or without the limits of the city of New 
 Haven, for the purpose of providing public parks or the enlarging 
 of existing parks ; proznded, hon^ever, that in no case shall any 
 expenditure be made in excess of the amount previously appro- 
 priated for such purpose. 
 
 Sec. 91. Said board may employ a secretary, who may be one 
 of its own members, at a salary not exceeding five hundred dollars 
 per annum. It shall have power to appoint or employ such super- 
 intendents, engineers, and other officers and employes as it may 
 deem necessary, and shall prescribe and define their respective 
 powers, duties, and authority, and shall fix and regulate the com- 
 pensation to be paid to the several persons so employed. It may 
 call on the department of public works for such services from the 
 city engineer as it may deem necessary. 
 
 Sec. 92. The board of finance shall annually appropriate a sum 
 of money, not exceeding six thousand dollars, for the care and 
 maintenance of East Rock park, and an additional sum of money, 
 not exceeding twelve thousand dollars, for the care of all other 
 parks under the charge of said board.
 
 —44— 
 
 DKrARTMRXT OF PUBLIC HeALTH. 
 
 Sec. 93. There shall he a department of public health in said 
 citv. under the care and control of a board of health, consisting' of 
 five members, two of whom shall be physicians. Said board shall 
 choose a president, who shall be at the head of said department. 
 All members of said board shall be residents of said city and shall 
 serve without compensation. The members of the board of health 
 holding office at the time when this act takes effect shall continue 
 to hold office until the terms for which they have been appointed 
 expire unless they be sooner removed in accordance with the pro- 
 visions of this act. In the month of January, 1907, and in every 
 January thereafter, the mayor shall appoint one member of said 
 board to hold office for a term of five years from the first day of 
 February next following his appointment. — As amended by act 
 approved July 6, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 94. Said board shall have and exercise throughout the city 
 and town of New' Haven and over the navigable waters adjacent 
 thereto all the jurisdiction, power, privileges, and duties now by 
 law vested in and imposed upon the town health officers in this 
 state in their respective towns. Said board shall have the power to 
 inspect food stufTs offered for sale within the limits of the city and 
 town and regulate the sale of the same so far as the sanitary interest 
 of the community is involved. It shall regulate the sale of milk 
 by licensing for a reasonable fee the vendors of the same, and may 
 destroy such breadstuffs, including milk and other property, when 
 it is detrimental to the public health. Said board shall abate 
 nuisances at the expense of the owner whenever their orders are 
 neglected beyond a reasonable time, and said board shall for such 
 acts have power to place a lien on the property involved, for the 
 expense incurred in carrying out such abatement, which liens shall 
 take precedence over all other encumbrances except taxes and liens 
 of prior date. Said board may, from time to time, make such 
 by-laws, rules, regulations, and orders as in its judgment the pre- 
 servation of the public health shall require, to be enforced in the 
 same manner as city ordinances, which by-laws, rules, regulations, 
 and orders shall be of full force and effect throughout the entire 
 fifteen wards of said city ; provided, the same be not inconsistent 
 with the constitution or laws of this state or of the United States 
 or with the charter or ordinances of said city ; and provided, that
 
 —45— 
 
 said board shall in no case impose a penalty of more than one 
 hundred dollars for a sing-le violation of any by-law, and that no 
 suit or process shall be brought for such violation unless said 
 by-laws have been published at least four times in some daily news- 
 paper printed in said city, before such violation occurred. There 
 shall be no appeal from any action of said board to the county 
 health officer, nor shall he have power to veto or annul any orders 
 of said board. — As amended by act approved May 29, 1901. 
 
 Sec. 95. Said board shall employ at the expense of said city a 
 health officer, with such powers and duties as said board may pre- 
 scribe; and may also appoint such number of assistant health 
 officers or inspectors, clerks, and plumbing inspectors, with such 
 duties and powers as said board may prescribe, and may fix their 
 compensation subject to the approval of the board of finance. 
 
 Sec. 96. It is hereby made the duty of the department of police 
 to render, upon the request of said board, certified by the clerk and 
 approved by the mayor, such assistance in the enforcement of its 
 by-laws, rules, regulations, and orders as said request may specify. 
 
 Sec. 97. In case of the sudden spread of contagious diseases, 
 said board may, with the advice and consent of the mayor, make all 
 expenditures which it may deem necessary, until the board of 
 finance shall have taken action in the premises. 
 
 Department of the Public Library. 
 
 Sec. 98. The city may maintain a public library and reading 
 room, with such kindred and incident conveniences as it may deem 
 proper, the use of which under proper regulations shall be free to 
 Its inhabitants. 
 
 Sec. 99. There shall be in said city a department of. the public 
 library, which shall be under the management and control of a 
 board of library directors. Said board of directors shall have 
 charge of all the property of said city used for the purposes of said 
 library, and shall direct the expenditures of all money placed at its 
 disposal by the city, from whatever source derived. Said board 
 shall consist of nine directors, and the mayor, who may preside, 
 ex officio, over said board, and who shall vote, only to dissolve a 
 tie. All the members of said board shall be residents of the city 
 ■of New Haven, and shall serve without pay. The members of
 
 —46— 
 
 said board of directors holding; ofifice vvlien this act takes effect shall 
 continue to liold their respective offices until the term for which 
 they were appointed shall expire, unless sooner removed for cause 
 in accordance with the provisions of the charter of said city. In 
 January, 1906, and in every third year thereafter, the mayor shall 
 appoint two directors who shall hokl office for three years from the 
 date of their appointment ; and in January, 1907, and every third 
 year thereafter, and in January, 1908, and every third year there- 
 after, the mayor shall appoint three directors to hold office for 
 three years from the date of their appointment. In January, 1906, 
 and annually in said month thereafter, the mayor shall appoint 
 one alderman of the city of New Haven to hold office as director for 
 one year; provided, however, that if the said appointee shall at 
 any time during the year cease to be a member of the board of 
 aldermen, then his term of office as director shall also expire, and 
 the mayor shall fill the vacancy by the appointment of another 
 alderman to hold the said office of director for the remainder of 
 the year. — As amended by act approved July 6, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 100. Said board of directors shall make and enforce such 
 rules and regulations as it may deem proper, for the management, 
 protection, and preservation of the property of said library. They 
 shall have power, with the consent of the court of common council, 
 to make a contract or contracts on behalf of and in the name of said 
 city with the New Haven Young Men's Institute, and with any 
 trustee or trustees now or hereafter holding property for the benefit 
 of said institute, or any part thereof, for the use and occupation of 
 any property of said institute and of any property so held in trust 
 for any of the purposes aforesaid. 
 
 Sec. 101. Said board shall appoint and remove such officers and 
 employes as it may deem necessary for the proper management of 
 said library and reading-room, and shall fix the duties and com- 
 pensations of such officers and employes. Appointments and pro- 
 motions to the positions of librarian, assistant librarian, and super- 
 intendents of the different departments may be made by said board 
 without competitive examination, and the provisions of sections one 
 hundred and seventeen to one hundred and twenty-four of said 
 charter shall not apply thereto.-^As amended by act approved July 
 6, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 102. The board of finance of the city shall annually ap- 
 propriate a sum of money for the purpose aforesaid, and may from
 
 —47— 
 
 time to time aporopriate, in acklition thereto, sums of money for 
 building sites, repairs, improvements in real estate, or new buildings. 
 All moneys which have been or shall be appropriated, and all 
 moneys received from any other source for such pur])oses, shall be 
 kept by the treasurer of said city as a separate fund to be paid out 
 only on the order of the board of directors herein provided for. 
 All receipts of said library from fines, sales of books, catalogues, 
 and all other receipts shall be added to said fund, and shall be at 
 the disposal of said board of directors. All bills and vouchers lor 
 expenses incurred shall be kept on file in said library, subject to 
 inspection by the city controller, the corporation counsel, and the 
 members of the board of directors of said library. In no case shall 
 the board of directors incur any debt for the free public library 
 beyond the amount of current funds on hand and the previous 
 unexpended appropriations of the board of finance. The depai:t- 
 ment of the free public library of New Haven is hereby authorized 
 and empowered to accept any and all devises, legacies, or gifts of 
 property, either real or personal, of any kind or class, that may 
 be given or left to it by w'ill or devise ; and the board of directors 
 of the said free public library is hereby given full power and 
 authority, as trustees or otherwise, to invest, reinvest, and to have 
 complete direction and management over all such property, of 
 any class or kind, already given, or which may hereafter be given, 
 either to said free public library of New Haven, or to the city of 
 New Haven in trust for the use of the said free public library. All 
 funds, moneys, bonds, mortgages, and securities of any class or 
 kind which have been or may be hereafter given to the free public 
 library of New Haven, or to the city of New Haven, in trust for 
 the use of the free public library, shall be kept by the treasurer of 
 the city of New Haven who shall give a bond, in addition to the 
 bond otherwise required by him, in an amount satisfactory to the 
 board of library directors, for the care and safe-keeping of the 
 said securities. — As amended by act approved July 6, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 103. Said board of directors may make rules, extending, 
 upon such terms and under such conditions as to the board may 
 seem best, all the privileges of said library to any or all of the fol- 
 lowing classes of persons, viz. : First, to non-residents attending 
 school or college within the limits of said city of New Haven ; 
 second, to non-residents doing business in said city of New Haven 
 who pay taxes therein; third, persons who are residents of the
 
 —48— 
 
 boroug^h of West Haven, provided said borough shall make an ap- 
 propriation for the benefit of said library which shall be satisfactory 
 to the board of directors; fourth, to all non-residents on the pay- 
 ment of such sums as may be fixed by the board of directors. 
 
 Department of Education. 
 
 Sec. 104. There shall be in said city a department of education, 
 which shall have the care and management of all the affairs of 
 the New Haven city school district. After this act takes effect no 
 meeting of the New Haven city school district shall be held for 
 any purpose whatever. 
 
 Sec. 105. Said department shall be under the control of a board 
 of education of seven members who shall serve without compensa- 
 tion. The members of the board of education in office at the time 
 this act takes effect shall hold their respective offices during the 
 terms for which they were appointed unless sooner removed for 
 cause according to the provisions of this act. On or before the first 
 day of September, 1899, the mayor shall appoint two members of 
 said board to serve four years from the third Monday in September 
 next following; on or before the first day of September, 1900, the 
 mayor shall appoint two members of said board to serve four years 
 from the third Monday of September next following; on or before 
 the first day of September, 1901, he shall appoint two members of 
 said board to serve for four years from the third Monday of Septem- 
 ber, 1902, said mayor shall appoint one member of said board to 
 serve for a period of four years from the third Monday of Septem- 
 ber next following. And on or before the first day of September 
 in every year thereafter the mayor shall fill the vacancies about to 
 occur in said board by appointing one or two members, as the case 
 may be, to serve for four years from the third Monday in Septem- 
 ber following their appointment. Not more than four members of 
 the same political party shall at any one time be members of said 
 board. The mayor shall fill all vacancies caused by death, resigna- 
 tion, or otherwise, by appointment, for the unexpired term. If the 
 mayor shall refuse, fail, or neglect for thirty days to make an ap- 
 pointment to fill any vacancy that may occur in said board, either 
 by death, resignation, removal, or otherwise, then the remaining
 
 —49— 
 
 members of said board may elect a suitable person to fill such 
 vacancy. 
 
 Sec. 106. The board of education shall appoint a superintendent 
 of schools, and shall decide the number of principals, assistants, and 
 teachers to be employed. It may appoint or employ a secretary, an 
 inspector of buildings, and such other officers and employes as may 
 be necessary for the proper conduct of its business. It shall fix 
 their terms of office and their salaries and prescribe their duties in 
 each case, except as hereinafter provided. The officers and em- 
 ployes of the New Haven city school district, at the time of taking 
 effect of this act, shall retain their respective offices until their 
 successors shall be chosen, and the rules and regulations of the 
 board of education then in existence, not inconsistent with this act, 
 shall remain in force until repealed. Said board shall have the 
 entire charge and direction of all the public schools of said district, 
 and of the expenditure of all moneys appropriated for the support 
 of the same, and shall have charge of the construction, management, 
 and repair of all school buildings, and shall possess all other powers 
 and be subject to all of the general duties of boards of education, 
 school committees, and school visitors in this state, so far as the 
 same are consistent with the terms of this act. It shall annually 
 choose a president from among its own members, make its own 
 by-laws, keep a journal of its proceedings, define the duties of its 
 officers and committees, and prescribe such rules and regulations 
 for discipline in said public schools as are not inconsistent with the 
 laws of the state. 
 
 Sec. 107. The superintendent of schools, if he has not held the 
 office before, shall be appointed for one year, and if continued in 
 office .thereafter may be appointed for a term of five years, and his 
 salary shall not be reduced before the expiration of said term of 
 five years. He shall not be removed during said term except by 
 the vote of five members of the board of education. He shall 
 appoint from those eligible under the rules of the board all 
 principals, assistants, and teachers necessary to fill positions author- 
 ized by the board. He shall assign all principals, assistants, and 
 teachers to their respective positions and re-assign them or dismiss 
 them from office at his discretion. He shall report at each meeting 
 of the board all appointments, re-assignments, and dismissals made 
 by him since the previous meeting. Any appointment by the 
 superintendent may be rejected by a vote of five members of the
 
 —50— 
 
 board. Any dismissal by the superintendent shall be final unless 
 reversed by a vote of five members of the board at the meeting 
 when such dismissal is reported^ Notice of dismissal on the part 
 of the superintendent shall be given to the principal, assistant, or 
 teacher by the superintendent in writing at least one week before 
 the meeting of the board when the superintendent reports such 
 dismissal. He shall, with the approval of the board of education, 
 prescribe the courses of study in all the- schools, but the text-books 
 to be used in said courses shall be designated by the board. The 
 superintendent shall annually, at a date to be fixed by the board, 
 submit to the board a full report of the work and condition of the 
 schools during the previous year, with recommendations for the 
 ensuing year, which report, when accepted by the board, shall form 
 part of its report to the mayor. He shall also report, each month 
 during the school year, to the board in writing, any changes made 
 in the several courses of study, and what principals, assistants, and 
 teachers he has assigned, re-assigned, or dismissed, and shall furnish 
 such additional information regarding the condition of the schools 
 and the efficiency of the teaching force as may be required by the 
 board. Said monthly reports shall be entered in a suitable book 
 provided for the purpose, and shall be kept as a part of the records 
 of the department. 
 
 Sec. 108. The treasurer of the city shall receive the amount of 
 school money to which the district is entitled from the school 
 moneys of the state, from the town of New Haven, from state 
 appropriations for school purposes, from gifts, and from the tax 
 laid within the district for school purposes, which moneys shall be 
 subject to the order of the board of education under such rules and 
 regulations as the board of finance may from time to time establish. 
 
 Sec. 109. The board of education shall submit to the board of 
 finance of the city, at the time fixed by law for the submission of 
 the estimates of the other departments of said city, a detailed 
 estimate of its expenses for the next year for which the appropria- 
 tions for city purposes are by law required to be made, specifying 
 separately the sums needed for current and special expenses. 
 
 Sec. 110. Said board of finance shall annually appropriate for 
 the purpose of said district such amount as it may deem necessary 
 for such purposes. Appropriations made for school sites and the 
 building and furnishing of new schoolhouses or additions to old 
 ones shall be known as the special school fund, and it shall be the
 
 —51— 
 
 duty of the board of education to cause accurate accounts to be 
 kept of its receipts and expenditures, distinguishing between those 
 of a general and those of a special character. The board of finance 
 shall levy, for school purposes, a tax upon all property within said 
 district as now or hereafter constituted. 
 
 Sec. 111. The board of education sh^fll have power to maintain 
 one or two high schools, as it may deem advisable, and a manual 
 training school, and it shall determine the number and location of 
 primary and grammar schools, but no expenditure involving any 
 expense to the city of New Haven or the New Haven city school 
 district for the purchase of ground or the erection of schoolhouses 
 shall be made until a special appropriation for that purpose shall 
 have been made. 
 
 Sec. 112. Said board shall annually, at a date to be fixed by the 
 mayor, transmit to the mayor a full report of its proceedings 
 during the previous year, together with a statement of its receipts 
 and expenditures, specifying those on account of current expenses, 
 and special expenses for land and buildings respectively, with such 
 other details as the mayor may from time to time require. 
 
 Sec. 113. Said board shall have power to divide the school dis- 
 trict into as many sub-districts as it may deem advisable, for the 
 purpose of determining the limits within which children may 
 attend each school. 
 
 Sec. 114. The city of New Haven, upon the recommendation 
 of the board of education, shall have power to take sites for school- 
 houses, or for the enlargement of sites already acquired, in the 
 manner provided by law for the taking of land for public parks. 
 
 Sec. 115. The title to all property, legal or equitable, owned by 
 such district, or which may hereafter be acquired for school pur- 
 poses in said district, is hereby vested in the board of education, as 
 trustee for said New Haven city school district. 
 
 Sec. 116. The Westville school district and the South school 
 district are excepted from the provisions hereof. Whenever the 
 electors of either the Westville school district or the South school 
 district in the town and city of New Haven shall, by a majority 
 vote in district meeting, in the manner provided for the admission 
 of the different w^ards in section 218 of this act, express their desire 
 to have their district annexed to the New Haven city school dis- 
 trict, said vote shall be certified to the board of education of the 
 New Haven city school district, and said board shall then, by a
 
 —52— 
 
 proper vote, declare tlie district in question to be a part of the New 
 Haven city school district, and it shall thereafter be included in 
 said New Haven city school district, and be governed by all the 
 provisions of this act relating to said district. 
 
 Civil Service Board. 
 
 Sec. 117. The chiefs of police and fire departments and three 
 citizens, who shall serve without pay and be appointed by the 
 mayor, shall constitute a civil service board. The necessary 
 expenses of said board shall be paid by the city after approval by 
 the board of finance. All citizens now members of said civil 
 service board shall continue to be members of said board during 
 the terms for which they were appointed unless sooner removed 
 for cause under the provisions of this act. In the month of Decem- 
 ber, 1900, and biennially thereafter in the month of December, the 
 mayor shall appoint a member of said civil service board for a 
 term of six years from the first day of Januar}^ next succeeding 
 his appointment. Not more than tw^o of the citizen members 
 appointed by the mayor shall at any time be members of the same 
 political party, and neither of such citizen members shall hold any 
 Dther city ofifice. — As amended by act approved April 9, 1901. 
 
 Sec. 118. It shall be the duty of said board to prescribe rules 
 for ascertaining the competency of applicants for position or pro- 
 motion in the police and fire departments, and for all positions in 
 the city government except the elective officers, commissioners, 
 officials appointed by the mayor, superintendents and principals 
 and teachers employed by the board of education. Said board 
 shall, under such rules as it may adopt, hold competitive examina- 
 tions as a basis for recommendations respecting any such positions 
 or promotions. Said board shall also adopt such rules as it may 
 deem effective providing for the registration and selection of all 
 laborers to be employed by the city, which shall relate only to 
 their capacity for labor, their habits as to industry, honesty, and 
 sobriety, and the number of persons dependent on them for support. 
 
 Sec. 119. Whenever said board shall have adopted rules rela- 
 tive to the appointment or promotion of any class of such ofiiciais, 
 no appointments or proniotions within such class shall be made, 
 except from those who shall have passed an examination of at least
 
 —53— 
 
 seventy per centum and have received a certificate to that effect 
 from said board, and arc upon the list of those ehj^^ible to such 
 position or promotion, under the rules of said board. And after 
 the adoption of such rules no removals shall be made of persons 
 holding positions in any department of the city, subject to the pro- 
 visions of such rules, except for sufficient cause duly shown, which 
 cause shall not be political. 
 
 Sec. 120. Any appointment or removal made in violation of 
 the provisions of section 119 shall be null and void ; and it is hereby 
 made the duty of the controller of the city to ascertain and make 
 record of all appointments lawfully made in accordance with the 
 provisions of said section 119. and he shall make no payments of 
 salary or other compensation to persons within the classes pre- 
 scribed in section 118. otherwise appointed. And said controller 
 shall be chargeable by the city w^ith all moneys unlawfully paid to 
 persons appointed in violation of the provisions of said section 119. 
 
 Sec. 121. Any violation of any of the provisions of the forego- 
 ing sections relating to civil service and appointments thereunder 
 shall be a misdemeanor, and any official found guilty of such 
 offense may be punished by a fine not exceeding five hundred 
 dollars. 
 
 Sec. 122. The civil service board as at present organized shall 
 continue until January, 1902. when, and biennially thereafter, said 
 board shall elect from its members a president. It shall also 
 choose a secretarv, whose duty it shall be to attend all meetings of 
 the board, keep correct records of the same, prepare and keep on 
 file in the office of the controller lists of those eligible for the sev- 
 eral departments and clerical positions, send out official notices, 
 and perform such other official duties as may be required of him 
 by the said board. He shall receive such salary as the board may 
 fix, not to exceed five hundred dollars per annum. Said president 
 and secretary shall hold their respective offices for two years from 
 the date of their election and until their successors are duly elected 
 and qualified. — As amended by act approved ]\Iarch 21. 1901. 
 
 Sec. 123. It shall be the duty of the secretary of said board to 
 certify to the controller all lists of those eligible for appointment, 
 giving names, ages, street addresses, nationality, examination 
 grades, and to what positions each one is eligible. Such certifica- 
 tions shall be made within twenty-four hours after such lists shall 
 have been made out bv the board. Said secretary shall also place
 
 a duplicate copy of each of such ehgible lists, within twenty-four 
 hours after it shall have been made out by the board, in a position 
 in the office of said controller easily accessible to the public, and 
 shall keep each of such lists on file at least six months from and 
 after the date of its origin. 
 
 Sec. 124. Public notice shall be s^iven of all competitive exam- 
 inations required under the several foregoing sections by one adver- 
 tisement inserted in each of the daily newspapers issued in the city 
 of New Haven, which advertisement in each of said papers shall 
 be not less than five days prior to the date set for each of such 
 examinations so advertised. 
 
 Court of Common Council. 
 
 Sec. 125. There shall be a court of common council in said 
 city, consisting of a board of aldermen, which shall include all of 
 the aldermen, and a board of councilmen, which shall include all 
 of the councilmen, which boards shall meet separately, and said 
 court shall, with the approval of the mayor, or over his veto, as 
 hereinbefore provided, exercise all of the powers conferred upon 
 said city, except as otherwise provided. 
 
 Sec. 126. At the beginning of each municipal year, each of 
 said boards of the court of common council shall elect, from among 
 its own members, a president, who shall preside at the meetings of 
 his board. In case of the death, resignation, removal, absence, or 
 disability of its president, either board may elect a president pro 
 tempore. 
 
 Sec. 127. Regular meetings of said boards shall be held at such 
 times as may be fixed by the city ordinances ; and said boards may 
 be especially convened at any time by the mayor, and, upon a 
 petition of the majority of either of said boards, in writing, filed 
 with the city clerk, a meeting of such board shall be called. Said 
 board may determine the rules of its proceedings, in conformity 
 with the general principles of parliamentary law, punish its mem- 
 bers for disorderly behavior, and, by a vote of three-fourths of its 
 members, expel a member for due cause. A majority of all of the 
 members of each of said boards shall constitute a quorum for the 
 transaction of business, and the vote upon any question shall be 
 taken by yeas and nays at the request of one-fifth of the members 
 present.
 
 00 
 
 Sec. 128. Whenever any meeting of either of said boards shall 
 have been regularly called and no quorum shall be present, those 
 members present may, by vote, request the mayor of said city or 
 the presiding officer of said board to issue, and, upon such request, 
 the said mayor or presiding ofificer shall issue a warrant signed by 
 him, directed to the city sheriff of said city, or to the sheriff of 
 New Haven county, or some one of his deputies, to arrest and 
 bring into such meeting such members of said board as will, 
 together with those present, constitute a quorum ; and, at any 
 meeting of said board, those members shall have the power to 
 make any orders to compel the attendance >of other members, and 
 any one of the officers above mentioned shall obey such orders, 
 upon request, and summon such assistance as may be necessary to 
 carry such orders into effect. Each of said boards may also 
 appoint a page, at a salary not to exceed fifty dollars per annum, 
 who shall attend all the meetings of said board, and perform such 
 other duties as may be required of him by said board. 
 
 Sec. 129. No by-law or ordinance shall be put upon its passage 
 in the board of aldermen until it shall have been printed for ex- 
 amination, and no by-law or ordinance shall be put upon its passage 
 until it shall have been referred to and reported by a suitable 
 committee after a public hearing. No other vote, resolution, or 
 measure, except reports from the director of public works con- 
 cerning assessments, shall be put upon its passage, except by unani- 
 mous consent, until it shall have been referred to and reported by a 
 suitable committee after a public hearing, nor until, after the report 
 of such committee, it has been twice read to said board. But the 
 second reading of such vote, resolution or measure shall not take 
 place until at least one week has elapsed from the time of the first 
 reading, unless the mayor shall send to said board a special message 
 reciting that the particular vote, resolution, or measure is of an 
 emergency nature and that immediate action is necessary, in which 
 event such second reading may take place upon the same day of 
 the original reading, and the printing of the same be dispensed with. 
 Every such vote, resolution, or measure shall, after the same has 
 been reported by an appropriate committee, be printed for ex- 
 amination at the request of one-fifth of the members present, except 
 in the instance of an emergency message from the mayor. No 
 ordinance shall be of force or effect until it shall have been pub- 
 lished at least three times in all of the daily papers published in
 
 —56— 
 
 said city, nor until one week after its enactment. — As amended 
 by act approved June 14, 1903. 
 
 Sec. 130. All elections to any office or position within the gift 
 of said court or either of said boards shall be made by viva voce 
 vote, except as herein otherwise provided. 
 
 Sec. 131. The presiding officers of the board of aldermen, 
 board of coimcilmen. of the several committees of said boards, and 
 of the several boards of commissioners, and the director of public 
 works, shall respectively have power to compel the attendance and 
 testimony of witnesses before their respective boards, committees, 
 and departments over which they preside, by the issue of subpoenas 
 and the administration of oaths in the manner and according to the 
 rules governing the same in courts of justice; and when it shall be 
 necessary to secure the attendance or testimony of witnesses before 
 said boards, committees, departments, or director of public works, 
 such presiding officers and such director of public works shall have 
 the right to apply to the court of common pleas, or to the superior 
 court, for an order compelling any witness so summoned before 
 them to testify ; which courts shall have the power to issue sub- 
 poenas and to enforce the presence and testimony of all witnesses 
 summoned, in the same way and to the same extent as they now 
 have power to enforce and compel the presence and testimony of 
 witnesses in each of said courts. 
 
 Sec. 132. The city of New Haven shall be a highway district, 
 and the court of common council shall have sole and exclusive 
 authority and control over all streets and highw'ays, now or here- 
 after existing within, the limits of said city, and shall have sole and 
 exclusive power to lay out, make, or order new highways and 
 streets within the limits of said city, and to alter, repair, and dis- 
 continue all highways and streets now or hereafter existing within 
 the limits of said city. No person shall open, within the limits of 
 said city, any public or private way, except under and by virtue of 
 an order of said court of common council. Said court of common 
 council is hereby authorized and empowered to order, lay out, con- 
 struct, repair, and alter public squares, parks, streets, highways, 
 sewers, gutters, drains, bridges, and walks, except as herein other- 
 wise provided, whenever and wdierever, in the opinion of said court 
 of comfnon council, the public good shall so require, and to order 
 the paving, macadamizing, or other improvement of any street, 
 alley, or highway within said city. Said court of common council
 
 —57— 
 
 is also authorized and empowered to construct and maintain 
 wharves and docks ; provided, that no wharf or dock shall be 
 extended beyond the harbor line ; and if, in the construction of 
 any such wharf or dock, it is necessary to take any of the rights or 
 property of individuals, and it cannot ag^ree with said individuals 
 upon the price to be paid for the same, they may exercise all the 
 powers of eminent domain. The department of public works shall 
 execute, and is hereby empowered to execute, all orders of the 
 court of common council with reference to the matters contained 
 in this section. The court of common council may, upon the 
 execution of any order for the paving, macadamizing", or other 
 improvement of any street or highway within said city, or upon 
 the construction or alteration of any public sewer or other public 
 work, assess upon the persons whose property is in the judgment of 
 said court especially benefited thereby, after reference to the board 
 of compensation, and report thereon, as hereinbefore provided, a 
 proportional and reasonable part thereof, and shall estimate the 
 particular amount of such expense to be paid by every such person 
 upon such assessment. In estimating such reasonable part of the 
 expense of any sewer, the cost of constructing any main or trunk 
 sewer, into and through which such other sewer is discharged, may 
 be taken into consideration. 
 
 Sec. 133. The court of common council of said city is hereby 
 authorized and empowered to take, occupy, and appropriate, for 
 the purpose of drainage and sewerage of said city, at such times 
 and in such manner as the health and convenience of said city may, 
 in the opinion of the court, require, any and all water-courses, 
 natural and artificial, or any portion thereof, within said city, 
 except West river, which may be used solely for the purpose of 
 receiving storm overflow from the Boulevard sewer ; to deepen, 
 clear out, alter, or straighten the same, or any portion thereof, 
 for the purposes aforesaid ; to establish the bounds thereof within 
 which it shall not be lawful for any person to place any building, 
 part of a building, wall, dam, or obstruction, without a special 
 license from said court of common council first had and obtained ; 
 to remove all buildings, parts of buildings, walls, dams, earth, 
 stones, rubbish, and obstructions of every kind that may be situated 
 within the bounds of said water-courses, to be designated as afore- 
 said ; to construct sewers or other artificial channels for the flow of 
 said water, and to remove all obstructions to the passage of water
 
 in the said water-courses, sewers, or channels; also to raise, fill up, 
 and drain low grounds. 
 
 Sec. 134. Said court of common council shall have supervision 
 over all hridges crossing- railroads in said city, and may, from lime 
 to time, order the building, widening, or repairing of such bridges 
 in such manner and within such times as in its judgment public 
 convenience may require ; and in case any railroad company, whose 
 road is crossed by such bridge, shall neglect to obey such order, said 
 court of common council may cause the required building, widen- 
 ing, or repairing to be executed at the expense of said city, and the 
 treasurer of said city may then collect the amount of such expense 
 from such delinquent company. Any order of said common coun- 
 cil made hereunder shall be subject to appeal to the superior court by 
 any railroad company affected thereby, by notice to said city of 
 such appeal, given within thirty days from the service of such 
 order upon such railroad company. 
 
 Sec. 135. Said court of common council may take by the right 
 of eminent domain, in the name of the city, any property or prop- 
 erty rights which may be needed for the purpose of laying out, 
 extending, or widening any street, or park, or for the purpose of 
 constructing or protecting any sewer, drain, or other property, or 
 for the purpose of any public building, or for the successful prose- 
 cution and management of the almshouse and the property con- 
 nected therewith, upon payment of just compensation under the 
 rules governing the right of eminent domain. 
 
 Sec. 136. The director of public works shall provide for the 
 watering and sprinkling of all streets and highways within the 
 original twelve wards of said city, and shall provide in like manner 
 for the watering and sprinkling of the streets and highways for the 
 remaining portion of said city whenever the same shall come under 
 the full jurisdiction of said city in accordance with the provisions 
 of the charter of said city. Within the distance along any street or 
 highv/ay to be watered under the authority of this section, so much 
 of said street or highway from side to side, shall be watered as shall 
 be ordered by said director of public works. The actual cost of 
 watering the whole or any part of any street or highway under this 
 section shall be paid, except as hereinafter provided, by said city. 
 Every street railway company operating a street railway upon any 
 part of a street or highway shall itself sprinkle with water so much 
 of the width of said part of said street or highway as is included
 
 —59— 
 
 within its tracks and a space of two feet on the outer side of the 
 outer rails thereof, such sprinkling to be done at such times and in a 
 manner satisfactory to the director of pubHc works. Said city shall 
 furnish the water used by such company for sprinkling-, free of 
 expense to such company. And said director of public works shall 
 have power to contract with any street railway company, or with 
 any person or persons, for the sprinkling with water of the streets 
 and highways to be watered under this act; and said director of 
 public works shall have the power to obtain and furnish, to such 
 street railway company, or other person with whom it has contracted, 
 under this section, water to be used in sprinkling the streets or 
 highways in said city. Should any street railway company fail to 
 sprinkle the streets or highways over which its lines are operated, 
 as provided in this section, in a manner satisfactory to the director 
 of public works, said director of public works shall provide for the 
 sprinkling of such streets or highways for the remainder of the 
 season, and the court of common council shall assess against the 
 property of such railway company the actual cost of watering such 
 parts of the streets or highways as have been neglected by such 
 street railway company. The assessment upon the property of such 
 railway company shall be made in the manner provided for assess- 
 ing benefits occasioned by public works in said city, and shall be 
 collected in the same manner that city taxes are collected. 
 
 Such assessments shall be and remain a lien upon the land or 
 other property assessed by said court of common council as afore- 
 said ; proznded, that such lien shall not remain for a longer period 
 than sixty days after such actual expense has been ascertained, and 
 the owner of such property notified, unless the tax collector shall 
 file with the town clerk of the town of New Haven a certificate 
 signed by him describing the property on which the lien exists and 
 the amount claimed as a lien thereon ; and the city of New Haven 
 may collect the amount assessed against any street railway com- 
 pany in accordance with the provisions of this act by suit at law in 
 any proper court. The assessments for street sprinkling, for 
 sewers, and for street pavements, under the act on page 565 of the 
 special acts of 1895, and the amendments thereto, need not be 
 advertised in any newspaper, but all such assessments shall be valid 
 and of full force whenever the city clerk of said city shall have 
 deposited in the post-ofifice a letter or postal card addressed to the 
 owner of the abutting property and to the street railroad company,
 
 —60— 
 
 against which any assessment may have been laid, nolifxing such 
 owner or railroad company of the amount of any such assessment. 
 — As amended by act approved June 17. 1^01. 
 
 Sec. 137. The court of common council shall have power by 
 majority vote of all the members of each branch thereof, present or 
 absent, with the written approval of the mayor, or over his veto, as 
 herein provided, to make, alter, and repeal orders or resolutions 
 not inconsistent with law or with the provisions of this act ; to 
 enact, alter, or repeal ordinances to be called the Ordinances of the 
 City of New Haven ; and to prescribe penalties not exceeding a 
 fine of one hundred dollars for any violation of the same, and the 
 mode of enforcing such penalties ; which orders, resolutions, or 
 ordinances may be for any of the following purposes, to wit : 
 
 (a) To manage, regulate, and control all city property; to 
 authorize the purchase or sale of property in the name of the city : 
 and to provide for the form and manner of making contracts ; to 
 regulate the collection and enforcement of taxes and liens and the 
 borrowing of money by the city for any purposes for which said 
 court is authorized to lay taxes: and to provide for the adjustment 
 of claims against said city, and for the payment of the same. 
 
 (b) To preserve the public peace and order; to prevent and 
 quell disorderly assemblages ; to punish the resistance, hindrance, 
 or obstruction of public officers in the discharge of their duty ; to 
 prevent vice ; to suppress gambling houses, houses of ill-fame, and 
 disorderly houses. 
 
 (c) To protect said city from fire and unsafe buildings, and to 
 regulate the construction and materials of buildings, and the use of 
 property so as to prevent the starting and spread of fire ; to regu- 
 late the cleansing of chimneys ; to establish and designate districts 
 of said city as fire districts within which it shall not be lawful to 
 erect, enlarge, or elevate, or within which it shall not be lawful to 
 remove any wooden buildings except by license issued in such 
 manner as said court of common council may provide ; to prohibit 
 the erection or use and require the destruction or repair of unsafe 
 bviildings ; to regulate and provide for the safe and convenient 
 egress in the case of fire or other accident from theaters or other 
 buildings designed in whole or part for public use ; and to prohibit 
 manufacturing, keeping, and sale of firearms, explosives, and 
 inflammable materials, or the conveyance thereof through the 
 streets of said citv ; to regulate the erection and use of stationary
 
 —Gl- 
 and portable steam boilers, and to license competent persons to 
 manage the same; to make, maintain, and regulate public hydrants, 
 and to provide the same with water ; to protect the same from 
 injury, and to prevent an unnecessary waste of water; to protect 
 from injury fire alarm telegraphs in said city; to regulate the use 
 and construction of electrical plants and wires on which electricity 
 is conducted within said city ; and to protect public gas and other 
 public lamps therein. 
 
 (d) To establish building lines in the streets and ways of said 
 city beyond which it shall not be legal to erect buildings or other 
 structures ; to provide for the laying out, grading, discontinuing, 
 altering, paving, opening, improving, lighting, and making and 
 repairing highways, streets, walks, squares, parks, public buildings, 
 drains, sewers, gutters, and for the numbering of streets, and for 
 the draining and raising of low lands. 
 
 (e) To provide for the compensation of the owners of such 
 property as may be taken by the city for public uses ; and to pro- 
 vide for the foreclosure of all liens legally laid and filed. 
 
 (f) To make, repair, purify, light, and keep open and safe for 
 public use and travel, and free from encroachments or obstructions 
 all streets and public highways, grounds, and parks, or any part 
 thereof ; to require sidewalks to be kept free from ice and snow ; 
 to regulate all shows, processions, assemlDlages, or parades in the 
 streets and public places. 
 
 (g) To regulate the speed of animals, bicycles, street cars, and 
 all other vehicles ; and to regulate the cleaning of their tracks by 
 street railway companies. 
 
 (h) To regulate or prohibit the running at large of animals in 
 the streets or public places, and to provide for impounding the 
 same. 
 
 (i) To license and regulate public hacks, carriages, carts, sleighs, 
 trucks, or other public conveyances, and the charges for the use 
 thereof ; to regulate and prohibit the excavation and opening of 
 streets, highways, and public grounds for public and private pur- 
 poses, and the regulation of any work or thing therein, whether 
 temporary or permanent, upon or over the surface thereof, and the 
 removal of buildings through the same ; to regulate the laying of 
 gas pipes, water pipes, and drains for public or private purposes in 
 the streets of said city ; to prevent any and all persons in said city
 
 —62— 
 
 from loitering- on the streets or any part thereof, in or about 
 entrances to public or private buildings. 
 
 (j) To license and regulate bill posting and similar occupations. 
 
 (k) To prevent the committing of trespasses and nuisances in 
 gardens, enclosures, cemeteries, and public places. 
 
 (1) To provide for the health of the city and to prevent and 
 summarily abate nuisances of any kind ; to establish quarantine 
 regulations ; to regulate the burial and disinterment of the dead. 
 
 (m) To regulate the planting, protection, and removal of trees. 
 
 (n) To prevent nuisances and summarily abate the same at the 
 expense of the person maintaining them ; to prevent the erection 
 or use of any building within said city for the purpose of carrying 
 on therein any trade, manufacture, or business, which in the judg- 
 ment of said court of common council shall be prejudicial to the 
 public health or considered an unnecessary annoyance to those 
 living or owning property in the vicinity. 
 
 (o) To provide for the inspection of food of all kinds ofifered 
 for sale, and to regulate the sale thereof. 
 
 (p) To regulate trade, markets, and commerce, and weights and 
 measures in conformity with the lawful standards thereof; to pro- 
 hibit, license, or regulate dealing in fruit, and the peddling of 
 merchandise in the streets of said city ; to license or regulate all 
 sports, exhibitions, public amusements, and performances, and 
 billiard and bowling saloons in said city. 
 
 (q) To authorize a census of the city; and to receive such 
 gifts, donations, and bequests for public purposes and public trusts 
 as may be accepted pursuant to the terms in section 162, and to 
 agree to the conditions and terms accompanying the same. 
 
 (r) To regulate the direction and construction of street railroads 
 pursuant to the general laws of the state ; to prescribe the duties 
 of all officers and employes of every sort not expressly defined by 
 the provisions of this act. 
 
 (s) To require bonds from all persons undertaking work of 
 dangerous character, to protect the city from any loss by reason of 
 their acts or defaults. 
 
 (t) To provide for the sprinkling of streets or parts thereof, by 
 the city, or for the assessment of the cost thereof against the street 
 railroad company or companies occupying the street. 
 
 (u) To require owners of property to bring connections with 
 gas, water, sewer, and other pipes inside of their curb lines before
 
 —63— 
 
 permanent improvements in the street are made, and to provide 
 for the restoration of the surface of the street to its former con- 
 dition. 
 
 (v) To Hcense, tax, and regulate branch stores and other con- 
 cerns estabHshed for temporary purposes only. 
 
 (w) To restrain and punish vagrants and beggars; and to pre- 
 vent cruehy to animals. 
 
 (x) To provide for the manner of warning the city elections 
 and meetings of the court of common council and times of hold- 
 ing the same ; to provide for the filling of vacancies which may 
 occur in any office, except as otherwise provided ; to provide for 
 the appointment or election of such employes as are not otherwise 
 provided for and as may be required for the proper transaction of 
 the business of the city, and to prescribe their duties and compen- 
 sation ; to provide for the removal or expulsion of any city officer 
 on account of corruption, misfeasance, or malfeasance in office, in 
 addition to the methods herein provided ; to provide for the 
 appointment of special constables. 
 
 (y) To regulate the conduct of elections, subject to the provi- 
 sions of the general election laws of the state, pursuant to which 
 all city elections shall be held. 
 
 (z) To do all things necessary to make effectual the powers 
 herein and by law conferred upon such city, except as herein other- 
 wise provided. 
 
 Sec. 138. Said court shall have power to prescribe the manner of 
 enforcing the penalties for violation of ordinances enumerated in 
 the foregoing sections, and the rules of the department of public 
 health, and the rules of the department of parks by a civil action 
 or forthwith process as in criminal cases. 
 
 Removal of Officers. 
 
 Sec. 139. Municipal officers shall be liable to removal from 
 office for any corrupt act or practice, malfeasance, mismanagement, 
 mental incapacity, or incompetency for the proper performance of 
 official duties, willful abuse of power, gross neglect of duty, extor- 
 tion, receiving any gift or present from any contractor, or from 
 any person seeking or engaging in any work for or furnishing 
 material to the city, or from any incumbent or occupant of or can-
 
 —64— 
 
 (lidatc or ai)])Iicant tor any iminicipal office, for willfull}- conceal- 
 ing' any fraud committed against the city, for directly or indirectly 
 furnishing material or performing work other than his official 
 duties for the city, for giving bond for any person holding a license 
 for the sale of liquor within said city, or for any person having a 
 contract with said city, or for the willful violation of any require- 
 ment of the charter or ordinances. 
 
 Sec. 140. Complaint in writing- may be made to the superior 
 court for New Haven county, by not less than twenty freeholders 
 of said city, each of whom shall write his occupation and address 
 opposite his signature, charging any municipal officer with any 
 ofTense, setting forth facts on which said charge is founded, sup- 
 ported by the oaths of at least five of the complainants, according 
 to the best of their knowledge, information, and belief. If, in the 
 judgment of the court, there appears to be reasonable ground for 
 such proceeding, the court shall direct the complaint to be filed of 
 record, and make an order upon the accused returnable on a day 
 certain and within ten days from the date thereof, to appear and 
 answer said complaint, which order, with copy of said complaint, 
 shall be forthwith served upon the accused, or left at his last known 
 place of residence. If, on the return day of the order, the court 
 shall find sufficient cause for further proceedings, it shall fix a time 
 within sixty days for a full hearing of said complaint. 
 
 Sec. 141. Said court shall then cause notice to be forthwith 
 given to the state's attorney for New Haven county that said com- 
 plaint is pending ; and it shall be the duty of said state's attorney 
 to conduct the prosecution of said complaint, and said court shall 
 make him a reasonable allowance for his services and expenses, 
 which shall be paid by said city. The state's attorney may make 
 such amendments to said complaint as he may deem best, provided 
 that a copy of such amendments shall be served upon the accused, 
 or left at his last known place of residence, at least twenty days 
 before the time lixed for said hearing. Said court shall proceed 
 with said hearing to final judgment with as little delay as possible. 
 If the court shall find any charge in said complaint proven, and if 
 it shall deem the ofTense sufficient, it shall enter judgment remov- 
 ing the accused from office, and the person so removed shall not be 
 eligible to any office under said city government for a term of five 
 years from the date of his removal. At any time after the charges 
 are first brought to the attention of the court, it may, if in the
 
 —65— 
 
 judgment of the court sufficient reason exists for so doing, suspend 
 the accused from office until it makes further order in the premises. 
 
 Sec. 142. One or more of the persons bringing such complaint 
 shall give bond with surety to the satisfaction of the clerk of the 
 superior court, in the amount of five hundred dollars, conditioned 
 for the payment of such costs and charges as may be required of 
 the complainants by the order of the court. If. ^after final hear- 
 ing, the court shall be satisfied that no sufficient reason existed 
 for the bringing of said complaint, it may require of the complain- 
 ant the payment of such sum as it may deem best, not exceeding 
 five hundred dollars, which amount may be paid to the accused as 
 an allowance for the expenses of his defense, or to said city for its 
 expenses, or the sum allowed may be divided between the accused 
 and said city, as the court may in its discretion order. 
 
 Sec. 143. Nothing contained in the last four sections shall be 
 construed to limit or change any of the powers or duties concern- 
 ing the removal or suspension from office of officers or employes of 
 said city, as defined in other provisions of this act, nor shall any- 
 thing in said section prevent any city official from being prosecuted 
 for the violation of any criminal law of this state or of any ordi- 
 nance of said city. 
 
 Sec. 144. No witness shall be excused from testifying in any 
 criminal proceeding, or in any investigation or inquiry authorized 
 by this act, touching his knowledge of any offense committed 
 against the provisions of this act. But such testimony shall not be 
 used against him in any criminal prosecution whatever, and the ac- 
 cused shall not be convicted of any offense specified by this act, in 
 any court, on the testimony of an accomplice, unless the same be 
 corroborated by other evidence or by the circumstances of the case. 
 
 IMlSCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS. 
 
 Sec. 145. All officers of said city, unless prevented by death, 
 inability, or suspension, or removal, shall hold their respective offices 
 until their successors shall be chosen and shall have duly qualified. 
 
 Sec. 146. Every officer of said city chosen by the electors or 
 appointed by the mayor or by the court of common council shall be 
 a resident elector of said city. Nothing herein contained shall pre-
 
 —66— 
 
 vent the appointment of a woman to the board of education, nor 
 shall this section apply to clerical assistance. 
 
 Sec. 147. No person shall be chosen by the electors of said city 
 to fill any office of the city or town who is not nominated for said 
 office at least ten days before the day of the election at which he 
 is to be voted for; provided, hozvcvcr, that, if any person who shall 
 have been nominated for any such office shall die or refuse to ac- 
 cept the nomination before the election at which he was to have 
 been voted for, a new nomination may be made at any time before 
 such election. The only legal evidence of any nomination shall 
 be the written statement, or a duly certified copy thereof, filed with 
 the city clerk, signed by the authorized representatives of the party 
 or persons by whom such nomination is made. No person elected 
 to any office in violation of the provisions of this section shall be 
 deemed legally entitled thereto. 
 
 Sec. 148. On or before the tenth day of October in each year, 
 each department, and every executive officer, not connected with 
 any department, shall submit to the board of finance an estimate of 
 the expenses of such department or office for the ensuing year, be- 
 ginning on the first day of January next following, stating in 
 detail, so far as possible, the purposes for which such expenses will 
 be incurred. 
 
 Sec. 149. Whenever any office of said city, filled by appoint- 
 ment, shall become vacant by reason of the death, resignation, 
 inability, disability, or removal of the person appointed to fill the 
 same, said vacancy may be filled by the authority which made the 
 former appointment. If said last incumbent was appointed for a 
 definite term, his successor ' shall be appointed for the unexpired 
 portion of said term. 
 
 Sec. 150. All taxes laid by said city or town or the New Haven 
 city school district, on the grand list of 1905, shall become due and 
 payable on the first day of April, 1906, and all taxes thereafter laid 
 by said city or town, or. by the New Haven city school district, shall 
 become due and payable on the first day of April next after they 
 are laid ; and if any of said taxes now or thereafter laid remain un- 
 paid on the first day of August next after they become due, interest 
 shall be collected thereon from the date when they became due until 
 they are paid, at the rate of nine per centum per annum. As 
 amended by act approved June 21, 1905.
 
 —67— 
 
 Sec. 151. All liens which are now recorded against property in 
 said city shall bear interest from the date when this act takes effect 
 at the rate of six per centum per annum, and all liens which shall 
 hereafter be placed upon property shall bear interest at the rate of 
 six per centum per annum from the date when the certificate of lien 
 is filed with the town clerk. 
 
 Sec. 152. Every officer of said city shall, before entering upon 
 the duties of his ofifice, make oath in the following form, namely: 
 I solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully and impartially 
 
 perform the duties of the office of to the best of my ability 
 
 and according to law, and that I will at all times strive to use the 
 power entrusted to me as such officer for the best interests of the 
 city. 
 
 Sec. 153. Xo officer or employe of said city shall directly or 
 indirectly furnish any material to said city, or be directly or indi- 
 rectly employed to do any work (except his official duty) for said 
 city. All officers of said city shall serve without pay, except as 
 otherwise expressly provided. 
 
 Sec. 154. No public improvement of any kind shall be ordered 
 by the court of common council, or other authority having power 
 to authorize the same, until an appropriation for said improvement 
 has been duly made. 
 
 Sec. 155. The bonds of all city officers shall be taken to the city 
 of New Haven, conditioned for the faithful performance of the 
 duties of the office according to law." The form of each bond shall 
 be to the satisfaction of the board of finance, and no person or cor- 
 poration shall be accepted by said board of finance as surety on such 
 bond except some corporation authorized by the law of this state 
 to give bonds and become surety for bonds of municipal and other 
 officials. The expense of all bonds required by this act shall be 
 paid by the city. 
 
 Sec, 156. All contracts to be made or let for work to be done 
 or for supplies to be furnished to said city, except for the furnish- 
 ing of light, water, or telephone service, and except as in this act 
 otherwise provided, and all sales of personal property in the custody 
 of the several departments, boards, or officers of said city shall be 
 made by the departments, boards, or by the officers having the sub- 
 ject matter in charge. Whenever any work is necessary to be done 
 to execute or perfect a particular undertaking, or any supply is 
 needful for any particular purpose, and the several parts of said
 
 —68— 
 
 work or supply sliall tos^ctlicr involve tlic expenditure of more than 
 two luinclred and fifty dollars, a written contract for such work or 
 supply shall he made, under such re.c^ulations as the court of com- 
 mon council may hy ordinance estahlish. and under the rules of the 
 department, hoard or ofifice in question, which contract shall be 
 founded on sealed bids or proposals, except for architect's services 
 or where the supplies or the work needed can only be furnished by 
 one party, made in compliance with public notice, duly advertised 
 by publication, at least ten days before the time fixed for opening 
 said bids or proposals. If the department, board, or the officer in 
 question shall not deem it for the interest of the city to reject all 
 bids, the department, board, or such officer shall award the contract 
 to the lowest responsible bidder; prozndcd, hozvever, that if the 
 department, board, or officer in question shall not deem it practica- 
 ble or for the best interests of the city to proceed as above required 
 for any particular work or the obtaining of any particular supply, 
 a written statement to that effect shall be made, giving reasons and 
 the manner in which, in the opinion of said department, board, or 
 officer, the work should be done, or the supply obtained, and sub- 
 mit the statement to the court of common council, which shall take 
 such action in the matter as it shall decide to be for the best inter- 
 ests of the city ; provided, hoivcz'er, that all street cleaning, general 
 repairs, and general maintenance of the highways in said city may 
 be performed at the expense of said city under the supervision of 
 the proper department thereof without calling for any bids or 
 making any contract. 
 
 The form of each contract, which shall include the specifications, 
 shall be approved by the corporation counsel, and the contractor 
 shall give security to the satisfaction of the mayor and controller 
 for the faithful performance of his contract. All bids or proposals 
 shall be publicly opened by the department, board, or officer adver- 
 tising for the same, in the presence of the controller ; but the 
 opening of bids shall not be postponed if the controller shall, after 
 due notice, fail to attend. If the lowest bidder shall neglect or 
 refuse to accept the contract within five days after written notice 
 that the same has been awarded according to his bid or proposal, or 
 if he fail to execute his contract or to give proper security, it may- 
 be re-advertised and re-let in the manner provided, or, with the 
 written approval of the mayor, filed for public record with the city
 
 —69— 
 
 clerk, said contract ma>' l)e awarded to the next lowest responsible 
 bidder. If any work sliall be abandoned by any contractor, it may 
 be re-advertised and re-let in the manner provided for in the origi- 
 nal contract, or, with the written approval of the mayor, such 
 department, board, or ofificer, may cause said work to be finished 
 without making a new contract, and the original contractor shall 
 be liable to the city for any excess in the cost of said work over the 
 amount of the original contract. Xo bid shall be accepted from or 
 contract awarded to any person who is in arrears to the city upon 
 debt or contract, or who is a defaulter as surety or otherwise upon 
 any obligation to the city. Three copies of ever}- contract shall be 
 executed, and one of the original copies thereof shall be filed in the 
 controller's office. 
 
 Whenever proposals for furnishing supplies or doing work are 
 invited by advertisement by any department, board, or officer, such 
 department, board, or officer shall require, as a condition precedent 
 to the reception of any proposal, the deposit with such department, 
 board, or officer of a check, draw'n to the order of the controller 
 and certified by some reliable bank. 
 
 Such checks shall accompany the proposal and be for an amount 
 of not less than five per centum of the amount required by said bid 
 to be paid by the city for the proposed work to be done or supply 
 to be furnished. Within three days after it is decided who is the 
 lowest responsible bidder the controller shall return all such checks 
 to the persons depositing the same, except the check deposited 
 by the lowest responsible bidder for such contract ; and if the said 
 lowest responsible bidder shall refuse or neglect, within five days 
 after due notice that the contract has been aw^arded to him, to exe- 
 cute the same, the amount of the deposit made by him shall be for- 
 feited to and retained by the city as liquidated damages for such 
 neglect or refusal, and shall be paid into the treasury of said city; 
 but if said lowest responsible bidder shall execute the contract 
 within the time aforesaid, the amount of his deposit shall be re- 
 turned to him. — As amended by act approved June 17, 1901. 
 
 Sec. 157. Each department and each executive officer is hereby 
 empowered to employ clerical assistants when necessar}-, and to 
 purchase necessary supplies, subject to the provisions of this act 
 and to the approval of the board of finance as to salaries and num- 
 ber of assistants.
 
 —70— 
 
 Sec. 158. The several (lc'])rirlnieins and executive ofificers shall 
 annually, on or before the fifteenth day of February, submit to the 
 mayor a report of their proceedings during- the fiscal year preced- 
 ing, with a detailed statement of their receipts and expenditures, 
 and such further additional information as to their proceedings, 
 receipts, and expenditures, between the first day of January and 
 the first day of May, as the mayor may require, and the mayor 
 shall transmit the same to the court of common council within ten 
 days after receiving the same, with any recommendation which he 
 may think proper. 
 
 Sec. 159. All sinking funds heretofore established by law are 
 hereby continued for the purpose for which such funds were estab- 
 lished, and the powers and duties of the commissioners of said 
 funds are hereby confirmed. Each of said commissioners, whether 
 now in office or hereafter appointed, shall give bonds to the city in 
 such sums and with such sureties as may be approved by the board 
 of finance. But no person or corporation shall be accepted by 
 said board of finance as a surety on such bond except some corpo- 
 ration authorized by the laws of this state to give or become surety 
 for municipal and other officials. 
 
 Sec. 160. It shall be the duty of every officer of said city, upon 
 the expiration of his tenn, to deliver over to his successor in office 
 all books, vouchers, papers, and memoranda under his control af- 
 fecting the business of said city. 
 
 Sec. 161. No person shall hold any office under the city, or any 
 department thereof, the compensation for which is a salary, while 
 holding any other official position in or under the government of 
 this city, the compensation for which is a salary. No person shall 
 be appointed a member of more than one appointive board or com- 
 mission to which a salary is attached. 
 
 Sec. 162. The city shall have power to accept gifts and to 
 administer trusts for hospitals and dispensaries and for all purposes 
 for which said city is authorized or required to expend money, and 
 for no others. 
 
 Sec. 163. No officer of said city, or of any ward thereof, or of 
 the New Haven city school district, whether elected or appointed, 
 shall take or receive any money, article, thing, advantage, or 
 promise thereof, as consideration for any vote or act in his official 
 capacity, or for any neglect to vote or act in such a capacity, or for 
 making or consenting in such a capacity to any award of any con-
 
 —71— 
 
 tract, or to any appointment to or removal from any office or place. 
 Any person offending against any of the provisions of this section 
 shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by imprisonment for a 
 term of not less than three months nor more than one vear. 
 
 City Court. 
 
 Sec. 164. There shall be and hereby is established a court for 
 the trial of cases in the city and town of New Haven, which court 
 shall be designated and known as the city court of New Haven. 
 
 Sec. 165. The judge and associate judge of said court shall be 
 appointed by the general assembly and shall severally hold office 
 for the term of two years from and after the first day of April 
 following their appointment and until their respective successors 
 shall have duly qualified. The judge of said court shall appoint a 
 city attorney, an assistant city attorney, a clerk, and two assistant 
 clerks of said court, each of whom may be removed by said judge 
 for cause, and each of whom shall hold office during the term of 
 the judge appointing him, unless sooner removed and until his 
 successor is duly appointed and has qualified. The judge and as- 
 sociate judge shall take the oath provided by law for the judicial 
 officers. No person who is not a resident and elector of the city of 
 New Haven shall hold any office in said court. No official of said 
 court shall act as attorney in either the civil or criminal part of said 
 court except in the discharge of his official duties. — As amended by 
 act approved July 6, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 166. The associate judge shall have and exercise all the 
 jurisdiction and powers conferred on said judge, in addition to the 
 concurrent power granted said associate judge by this act. In case 
 of the absence of said judge and associate judge, or of the inability 
 or disability of both to discharge the duties of said office, the clerk 
 of said court shall, in writing, request any judge of the court of 
 common pleas, or of any city court in this state, to act in the place of 
 such judge, and, while so acting, he shall have and exercise all of 
 the powers conferred on the judge and associate judge of the city 
 court until one of them shall have returned or until such inability 
 or disability shall have been removed. Any judge so called upon 
 shall receive from the citv of N^w Haven, in addition to his actual
 
 —72— 
 
 and necessary traveling expenses, the sum of eight dollars for each 
 day for actual service in said court. 
 
 Sec. 167. The clerk and the assistant clerks of said court shall 
 take the oath prescribed for clerks of courts in this state. Each of 
 them shall execute a bond to said city in the penal sum of five 
 thousand dollars, in form and with security satisfactory to the 
 board of finance of said city, conditioned for the faithful perform- 
 ance of his duties according to law, and said bonds shall be depos- 
 ited with the controller. But no person or corporation shall be 
 accepted by said board of finance as a surety on such bonds except 
 as authorized in section 159 of this charter. The assistant clerks 
 shall each have all the powers and may perform all the duties of 
 the clerk, subject to. his direction. — As amended by act approved 
 July 6, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 168. The clerk shall keep the civil files and records of said 
 court, and in general shall have and exercise all the powers and dis- 
 charge all the duties pertaining to civil matters pending in said 
 court which belong to or are discharged by the clerks of the superior 
 court in like cases pending therein, so far as the same are applicable 
 to said court. He shall collect the same fees in civil matters as are 
 herein provided, and all fees, costs, fines, and other sums com- 
 ing into his hands in criminal cases shall be paid into the treasury 
 of said city for the use of said city, except that he may pay from 
 the funds in his hands the costs and fees in criminal cases to the 
 persons entitled to receive the same, and any necessary expenses of 
 said court which shall have been approved by said judge, taking 
 receipts for such payments, and shall report to the court monthly 
 all fees due and unpaid. He shall account to the controller of said 
 city monthly for all moneys by him received under the provisions 
 of this act, and his disbursements thereof, and pay ail balances in 
 his hands at said times of accounting into the treasury of said city, 
 except such sums as may be necessary for him to retain to pay said 
 costs, fees, and expenses to the persons respectively entitled thereto ; 
 provided, that no fees in criminal cases shall be paid to or received 
 by any paid member of the police force of said city for any service 
 whatever, as a witness or otherwise; and provided further, that no 
 person shall be entitled to receive any costs or fees unless demand 
 shall be made therefor within ninety days after the sam shall have 
 been taxed. Said clerk may draw Drders on the city treasurer for 
 such sums as may be necessar}^ to pay all the fees, costs, and ex-
 
 penses of said court which have accrued and are payable by hiin, 
 and it shall be the duty of said city treasurer to pay such orders on 
 the treasury when countersigned by the judge, and said clerk shall 
 return to the controller each month a detailed statement under oath, 
 of his official receipts for the month preceding, under the following 
 heads, to wit: From fines, from jail, from the superior court, and 
 from other sources ; also a detailed statement under oath, of his 
 ofificial disbursements, and of the amount paid over to the city 
 treasurer by him for the same period. Said clerk shall, with his 
 monthly account rendered to the controller, file a certified state- 
 ment of the civil sessions during the month. 
 
 Sec. 169. Said clerk shall keep the criminal files and records of 
 said city court, and shall, within ten days after any appeal or bind- 
 ing over in criminal cases in said court, deliver to the clerk of the 
 court to which the appeal is taken, or the person is bound over, a 
 copy of the files and records of the case. He shall receive all fees 
 and costs imposed by said court in criminal cases which are paid 
 before commitment, and all fees and costs paid after commitment 
 to the keeper of the jail, w^orkhouse, or other place where the 
 ofifender is confined, shall be paid by such keeper to the clerk. 
 Said clerk shall also receive all sums taxed in the higher courts for 
 costs before said city court, and for copies in cases coming from 
 said city court to said superior court or criminal court of common 
 pleas by appeal, binding over, or otherwise. 
 
 Sec. 170. The office of the city attorney shall be open from 
 eight o'clock in the forenoon until eight o'clock in the evening on 
 all days except Sundays and legal holidays, and the office of the 
 clerk of the city court shall be open from nine o'clock in the fore- 
 noon until five o'clock in the afternoon, and the offices of city at- 
 torney and said clerk of said court shall be in the building where 
 said court is held. 
 
 Sec. 171. The officers of said court shall, respectively, receive 
 the following salaries in full for all services required of said offi- 
 cers : The judge, twenty-five hundred dollars; the associate judge, 
 twenty-five hundred dollars ; the city attorney, three thousand dol- 
 lars ; the assistant city attorney, twenty-five hundred dollars ; the 
 clerk, twenty-five hundred dollars ; two assistant clerks, one thous- 
 and dollars each. The judge of said court may also appoint an 
 official stenographer, whose compensation shall not exceed twenty 
 dollars per week, who shall perform the duties required by the
 
 —7-1— 
 
 judges, in civil and criminal cases, and also perfonii such duties 
 as stenographer and typewriter for the officials of the court as the 
 judge mav designate. Said compensation shall he in full for all 
 official duties of such stenographer, including the furnishing of 
 transcripts of testimony to the court and the city attorney when 
 required ; but when required by any party of record to furnish a 
 transcript, the stenographer may charge such party compensation 
 not exceeding that fixed by law for copies made by the official sten- 
 ographer of the superior court. All fees collectable by law by the 
 clerk of the city court shall be collected by the clerk and accounted 
 for and paid over with other moneys of said court to the city treas- 
 ury. Said fees may be demanded before a cause is entered or 
 judgment is recorded, and no clerk shall be required to continue any 
 cause on the docket or to enter or record any judgment therein, or 
 to issue any execution or any judgment until all court fees, clerk 
 fees, and stenographer's fees already due shall have been paid. — As 
 amended by act approved April 5, 1905. 
 
 Civil Jurisdiction. 
 
 Sec. 172. Said court shall have concurrent jurisdiction over all 
 civil causes, both at law and in equity, wdierein any of the parties 
 reside in said city or town, except suits w^herein the title to, or right 
 to possession of, or easement in land situated outside of the limits 
 of said city or town is to be tried and determined, and except civil 
 actions for injury to such title or right; provided, that in any civil 
 cause wherein the debt, damage, or matter in demand exceeds one 
 hundred dollars in amount or value, any defendant residing out of 
 said city or town may, with the written assent of the rest of the 
 defendants, when there are more than one, remove said cause to 
 the next court of common pleas or superior court for New- Haven 
 county : provided, said cause would have originally been within 
 the jurisdiction of the court to which the same is removed, upon 
 his written motion filed within three days after the return day of 
 the writ, and upon filing therewith his affidavit that he has a bona 
 fide defense and that such removal is not intended for delay, which 
 affidavit shall form a part of the files and records of the cause ; and 
 upon the granting of such motion the clerk of the city court shall 
 deliver the original files in the said cause, with his certificate of
 
 —75— 
 
 removal thereon, to the clerk of the court to which it is removed, 
 who shall forthwith enter the same upon the docket of said court, 
 to be in all respects proceeded with as though it had been originally 
 brought to said court, and no attachment, lien, bail-bond, or other 
 security previously had or given shall be affected by such removal ; 
 provided fiirlJier, that any defendant aggrieved by any judgment 
 or decree rendered by said court in any cause which was originally 
 within the jurisdiction of the superior court, may appeal to said 
 superior court, except in a case of a trial by jury upon his own 
 motion. 
 
 Said appeal shall be taken to the next return day or the next but 
 one of the superior court, and such defendant shall file a written 
 notice of appeal, and a bond to the adverse party in the sum of one 
 hundred dollars, with surety satisfactory to said city court to prose- 
 cute such appeal to effect, and answer all damages if he make not 
 his plea good, within forty-eight hours after such judgment shall 
 have been rendered, unless said city court shall, on motion, extend 
 the time for filing the same. The clerk shall, within ten days after 
 the filing of such bond and notice, deliver a true and attested copy 
 of the files and records of the cause to the clerk of the superior court, 
 who shall enter said cause on the docket thereof, and said cause 
 shall thenceforth be proceeded with in all respects as in case of 
 appeals from the judgment of justices of the peace. The party who 
 shall finally prevail in said cause shall recover all costs taxed in said 
 city court. 
 
 Said city court shall not have power to issue writs of mandamus, 
 prohibition, quo warranto, ne exeat, or habeas corpus. 
 
 Sec. 173. Said court shall have the same authority in cases of 
 bastardy that is or may hereafter by law be exercised by justices of 
 the peace in the town of New Haven. Said court shall have power 
 and authority to issue search warrants to be served in said town of 
 New^ Haven, and the proceedings in reference to such search war- 
 rants shall in all respect be the same as in reference to search 
 warrants issued by justices of the peace in the several towns. Com- 
 plaints for forcible entry and detainer with reference to any houses, 
 lands, or tenements, situated wholly within the limits of said city 
 or town, may be made to said city court, and said court may pro- 
 ceed thereupon in all respects as a county commissioner and a jus- 
 lice of the peace may do, and all the other provisions of the statutes 
 of this state, with reference to forcible entrv and detainer, are
 
 —76— 
 
 hercl)y made applicable to such cases, except that the jury shall be 
 drawn and summoned, and costs shall be taxed as in other civil 
 cases before said city court. 
 
 Sec. 174. All writs and other process and proceedings brought 
 to, pending in. or issuing from said city court, shall be in form, 
 style, subscription, and mode of authentication, similar to those in 
 use from time to time in the superior court, and shall have the 
 same authority and validity, and such process may be signed and 
 issued by the authorities authorized by the general statutes to sign 
 and issue process and by the judge or clerk of said city court, and 
 may be served in any part of this state by any person authorized to 
 serve like process issuing from or returnable to the superior court 
 in like cases. 
 
 Sec. 175. The rules of practice in the superior court, both in 
 civil and criminal causes, so far as the same may be applicable, 
 shall govern the practice in said court until the same shall have 
 been modified by the judge of said city court, who is hereby 
 authorized to repeal, modify, or add to said rules. 
 
 Sec. 176. The city court of the city of New Haven shall here- 
 after have the exclusive jurisdiction of all civil cases now cog- 
 nizable by justices of the peace for the town of New Haven, ex- 
 cept actions of summary process and bastardy proceedings, but 
 this act shall not affect actions now pending before justices of the 
 peace in said town. In all actions at law where the matter in de- 
 mand does not exceed one hundred dollars, the general statutes 
 relating to the service and return of process before justices of the 
 peace shall apply to the service and return of such process before 
 said city court. Whenever any action is pending before said court 
 in which the matter in demand exceeds twenty dollars in amount or 
 value and does not exceed one hundred dollars, a jury of six shall 
 be summoned from the duly sworn jurors of said city to try the 
 same, on motion of either party, made wathin such time as the rules 
 of said court shall provide ; provided, that the party so moving for 
 a jury shall enter into a recognizance with surety to the adverse 
 party in such sum as the court shall order, conditioned for the 
 payment of all costs in case final judgment is rendered against him. 
 In all civil actions where the matter in demand does not exceed one 
 hundred dollars, all taxable costs and fees, including clerk and 
 jury fees and compensation to jurors, shall be the same as in trials 
 before justices of the peace ; in all other civil cases the costs and fees
 
 shall be the same as in cases broug'ht to the superior court, and in 
 all cases formerly cog-nizable in equity the costs shall be at the dis- 
 cretion of the court, in the same manner as in causes pending in the 
 superior court. — As amended by act approved May 12, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 177. There shall be but one term of said city court, begin- 
 ning on the first Monday of July in each year. There shall be a 
 session of said court for the transaction of civil business on the 
 first Monday of each month, and at such other times as the judge 
 or associate judge of said court shall direct. 
 
 Sec. 178. When a defendant who is sued in said city court in 
 any civil action lives within the limits of the town of New Haven, 
 the writ shall be served upon him at least six days before the day 
 to which the writ is returnable, but if the defendant lives without 
 the limits of the town of New Haven, the writ shall be served 
 upon him at least twelve days before said return day. Writs may 
 be made returnable to said court upon any Monday or Thursday ; 
 provided, that each writ shall be returned to the clerk of said 
 court on or before the day preceding the one to which such writ 
 is returnable. 
 
 Sec. 179. Either party to any civil action may put the same to 
 a jury under like conditions and with like eiTect as in the superior 
 court, unless said city court shall by rule otherwise prescribe. 
 Said court may cause a jury to be summoned at such time as it 
 may see fit. 
 
 Sec, 180. Whenever said clerk shall issue a warrant command- 
 ing any proper officer to summon a jury to appear before said 
 court, such officer shall, in the presence of the judge or associate 
 judge of said court, take out of the jury box as many papers as 
 his warrant directs, and the persons whose names shall be found 
 written thereon shall be summoned to appear before the court at 
 the time in the warrant named, to serve as jurors ; and in case a 
 complete panel shall not attend, or for any reason there shall be a 
 deficiency of jurors for the trial of any cause, such officer shall 
 supply the deficiency by drawing, in the presence of the court, 
 other names from said box, and summoning such persons to attend 
 and serve, or by summoning a sufficient number of talesmen, as the 
 court may direct, until the panel shall be complete, and the nanies 
 of such jurors as do not attend or are challenged or excused shall 
 be returned to the box and shall be liable to be drawn again.
 
 —78— 
 
 The name of each juror who attends court and serves shall, in like 
 manner as aforesaid, be put into another ijox, which said clerk 
 shall provide for that purpose, and may be drawn ag"ain in case, for 
 any reason, there is a deficiency in the other box to complete the 
 panels for that year for which they are chosen to serve. 
 
 Sec. 181. Either judge of said court shall have power to try 
 and decide all issues of fact that shall have come before said court 
 by himself or by a jury of any number of freemen, not less than 
 two or more than twelve, empaneled as aforesaid when both parties 
 shall agree thereto. The oath to be taken by said jurors shall be 
 the juror's oath now provided by law. Any juror neglecting to 
 attend when duly summoned shall be liable to such penalties as 
 shall be prescribed by the ordinances of said city for such neglect. 
 
 Sec. 182. The judge or associate judge of said court may 
 require the city sheriff, or, in his absence, inability, or disability, 
 the sheriff of New Haven county, or any one of his deputies, or 
 any constable of the town of New Haven, to attend any session of 
 said court held for the transaction of civil business only, and to 
 execute the orders of said court. It shall be the duty of such 
 officers to attend said court when required. 
 
 Sec. 183. Either the city attorney or the assistant city attorney 
 may sue for, in any proper form of civil action, collect, and receive, 
 in the name and behalf of said city, the penalty incurred by the 
 breach of any ordinance of said city, or any by-law of the depart- 
 ments of parks or of health, now or hereafter in force ; or such city 
 attorney may enforce such ordinance by criminal prosecution, but 
 no person shall be prosecuted both civilly and criminally for the 
 same breach of an ordinance, and in such prosecution, civil or 
 criminal, it shall be a sufficient description of the offense or for- 
 feiture to set forth the act complained of and to allege the same to 
 have been done contrary to the ordinance in such case provided. 
 All fines and penalties collected under the provisions of the charter 
 of said city, or of this act, shall, unless otherwise provided, be 
 paid into the treasury of the city. 
 
 Sec. 184. From all judgments and decrees of said city court 
 the same relief may be had by appeal as is provided by law for 
 relief from judgments and decrees of the superior court in similar 
 cases and in like manner.
 
 —79— 
 
 Criminal Jurisdiction. 
 
 Sec. 185. Said court shall have and exercise, within the town 
 and city of New Haven, all the jurisdiction, authority, and powers 
 which judges of the peace in the several towns of this state have 
 and exercise, or shall hereafter by law have and exercise, in all 
 matters of a criminal nature, and shall have jurisdiction and cog- 
 nizance of all crimes and misdemeanors committed within said town 
 or city, either before or after the passage of this act, the punisii- 
 ment whereof, inflicted by said court, shall not exceed a fine of two 
 hundred dollars, or imprisonment in a common jail or workhouse 
 lor six months, or both such fine and imprisonment, notwithstand- 
 ing any general statute to the contrary, and shall have power to 
 proceed to trial or examination, render judgment, require sureties 
 of the peace, bind over to the superior court in cases not within 
 the jurisdiction of said city court, and grant warrants of commit- 
 ment and execution in the same manner as justices of the peace in 
 the several towns in this state may do in criminal cases, lawfully 
 brought before them; provided, that the accused may, either dur- 
 ing the same session at which he shall be convicted or within forty- 
 eight hours after the close thereof, but not afterwards, appeal to 
 the criminal terms of the court of common pleas next thereafter to 
 be holden in and for said county, in all cases of conviction, except 
 when the conviction shall be of the crimes of drunkenness, profane 
 cursing and swearing, and Sabbath breaking, upon giving bonds of 
 recognizance with sufficient surety to the state, conditioned as is 
 now or may hereafter be provided by law in appeals from judg- 
 ments of justices of the peace in criminal cases; and provided 
 further, that if the appellant shall be unable to procure bonds on his 
 appeal, he may be committed to jail and there detained for trial, or 
 admitted to bail in the same manner as persons bound over to the 
 superior court for trial. 
 
 Sec. 186. Said city court shall also have jurisdiction and power 
 in all cases of criminal prosecution for the breach of the city ordi- 
 nances and of the by-laws or regulations of the departments of 
 parks and of health, now or hereafter in force, in the same manner 
 and to the same extent, and subject to an appeal to the criminal 
 term of the court of common pleas of said county, in the same man- 
 ner and upon the same terms as in other criminal matters, except 
 that bonds in all such appeals shall be taken to said city.
 
 —80— 
 
 Sec. 187. No grand juror shall make complaint, either to said 
 city court or to a justice of the peace, of any criminal matter 
 whereof jurisdiction is conferred upon said city court by this act, 
 nor shall any justice of the peace take cognizance of any action or 
 complaint of a criminal nature whereof jurisdiction is conferred 
 upon said court by this act. 
 
 Sec. 188. A session of said court shall be held daily, Sundays 
 excepted, for the trial and disposition of any criminal matters 
 legally brought before it, and may be held on Sunday, and an extra 
 session of said court may be held whenever deemed necessary by 
 the judge or associate judge thereof. Said court shall ])roceed in 
 all criminal cases without jury, may issue subpoena and capias for 
 witnesses in matters brought before it, warrants of arrest upon com- 
 plaint made to it of criminal offenses, and all other usual criminal 
 process to be served in any part of this state, and shall administer 
 justice in all criminal matters whereof this act gives jurisdiction 
 according to law, and such process shall be deemed to be issued by 
 the court, when issued and signed by the judge or associate judge, 
 clerk or assistant clerk, the city attorney or his assistant. Said court 
 may adjourn any case to a future day for trial, and take bonds for 
 the appearance of the accused, as justices of the peace may do, and 
 when said court has or may have final jurisdiction thereof, the bonds 
 shall be taken to said city, otherwise to the state ; and such bonds 
 may be taken by the judge or associate judge, clerk or assistant 
 clerk, and, in the case of the arrest of any person upon a criminal 
 charge, when the ofifense is bailable, the judge or associate judge, 
 clerk, or assistant clerk of said court, or the acting chief of police 
 of said city, or some official designated by him, may take bonds, 
 with sufficient surety for the appearance of the accused before said 
 court at its next session for criminal business, and for his abiding 
 the order of said court, and in such cases the bond shall be taken 
 as above provided ; but in no case shall any fee or reward be 
 received for taking such bond. 
 
 Sec. 189. Said court may suspend the rendition of judgment in 
 the case of any person arraigned before it for drunkenness, va- 
 grancy, disorderly conduct, assault and battery, breach of the peace, 
 or other petty offense, and in the case of juvenile offenders, who 
 might otherwise be committed to the Connecticut School for Boys, 
 or the Connecticut Industrial School for Girls, whenever such court 
 may deem such forbearance to be advisable by reason of the age of
 
 —81— 
 
 the accused or the circumstances under which the offense was com- 
 mitted. 
 
 Sec. 190. In all cases and proceedings of a criminal nature, the 
 following costs shall be taxed in said court : A court fee of three 
 dollars, and the same ofificer's and witness' fees as are taxable in the 
 superior court; provided, hoi^'czrr, that in cases of assault and 
 battery, breaches of the peace, and other misdemeanors, said court 
 may. in its discretion, direct that witness fees shall not be paid to 
 any witness in fault in the matter of the complaint, or where the wit- 
 ness is the complainant but the offense is trifling in character, or 
 where said court is of the opinion that the witness is not justly en- 
 titled to said fee. All copies in cases coming to the superior court, 
 or the criminal court of common pleas, by appeal, binding over, or 
 otherwise, shall be taxed the same as in similar cases coming in like 
 manner from justices of the peace; in case of conviction and judg- 
 ment against the accused, said costs shall be paid by him and pay- 
 ment enforced, as in cases before the superior court, and all fees 
 taxed as such costs by said court, but due to any individual, shall 
 be paid by said city to him, except as herein otherwise provided. 
 
 Sec. 191. The city attorney and the assistant city attorney shall 
 each take the oath prescribed by law, for grand jurors, mutatis 
 uiutandis, and shall hold office from the dates of their appoint- 
 ment and until others shall be appointed and sworn in their 
 stead. They may be removed by the judge for cause, and if either 
 of them shall willfully neglect any duty imposed upon him by this 
 act, he shall incur a penalty of one hundred dollars for every such 
 neglect, one-half to him who shall prosecute therefor, and the other 
 half to said city, which said penalty may be recovered in any proper 
 action founded on this statute. Either of them may issue subpoenas 
 for witnesses to be sworn before said court, and may require any 
 person informing him of the commission of a crime to make infor- 
 mation under oath, and may administer the witness' oath to himi. 
 The provisions of section 91 of the general statutes of Connecticut 
 are hereby extended to said city attorney and assistant city attorney, 
 and they shall respectively have all the powers within the limits of 
 the city or town of New Haven that grand jurors have in their sev- 
 eral towns by virtue of said section. It shall be the duty of each 
 of them diligently to inquire after and make due presentment or 
 complaint to said city court of all crimes, misdemeanors and other 
 criminal matters whereof said court has jurisdiction or whereupon
 
 —82— 
 
 said CDurl ma\- proceed, whether committed before or after his 
 appointment to office, and to attend to the proper trial and hearing 
 of the same before said court. 
 
 Sec. 192. Whenever any breach of any ordinance of said city 
 or of any rule or regulation of the department of health or the 
 department of parks has been committed for which a fixed penalty 
 is prescribed, either of said attorneys may collect and receive the 
 amount of such penalty without a suit or prosecution therefor ; and 
 whenever such breach has been committed for which a discretionary 
 penalty is prescribed, either of said attorneys may collect and re- 
 ceive in like manner therefor, the maximum penalty prescribed 
 for such breach. Each of them shall, within thirty days thereafter, 
 render an account of all such penalties received by him, together 
 with the dates and names of the persons paying the same and the 
 several amounts, to the controller. 
 
 Sec. 193. Said attorney or said assistant attorney shall in like 
 manner sue for, collect, and receive the amounts due on all bonds 
 payable to the city in criminal matters when the same have been or 
 shall be forfeited. Each of them shall deposit with the controller 
 of said city a bond in the penal sum of one thousand dollars, in 
 form and with surety satisfactory to the board of finance of said 
 city, conditioned for the payment by him to the city of all money 
 belonging to the same coming into his hands as aforesaid, and he 
 shall pay over such money within ten days after the same is received. 
 But no person or corporation shall be accepted by said board of 
 finance as surety on such bond except as provided for in section 159 
 of this charter. He shall forthwith notify the state's attorney for 
 New Haven county of the forfeiture of any bond of the state in 
 criminal matters before said court. 
 
 Sec. 194. Criminal process issued by said city court, or by the 
 judge or clerk thereof, may be served by any member of the police 
 force of said city, or by any proper officer or indifferent person, 
 and may be served in any part of this state ; but before any mem- 
 ber of said police force shall leave said city to serve such process, 
 he shall obtain permission so to do from the acting chief of police 
 of said city. Any officer or indifferent person, other than paid 
 members of said police force, shall receive the same fees for such 
 service allowed by law to constables in similar cases and any extra 
 expense, necessarily or reasonably incurred in securing an offender 
 and bringing him before said city court, may be paid from the
 
 —83— 
 
 funds of said city, and in the discretion of said court may be taxed, 
 allowed, and collected as a part of the costs. — As amended by act 
 approved April 9, 1901. 
 
 Sec. 195. It shall be the duty of the chief of police of said 
 city, for the time being, to designate a suitable officer or officers of 
 said force, who shall attend the sessions of said court for criminal 
 business, shall bring before it any person or persons in custody, for 
 trial therein, take custody of any persons convicted or bound over 
 therein and deliver them over to the officer or other person proper to 
 receive the same, and, in general, execute the orders of said court. 
 — As amended by act approved April 9, 1901. 
 
 Sec. 196. The keeper of the county jail and workhouse of New 
 Haven county, and the keeper of the town workhouse of the town 
 of New Haven, and the keeper of the Connecticut School for 
 Boys, and the keeper of the Connecticut Industrial School for 
 Girls, shall receive any person committed thereto by said court, and 
 shall have and keep the custody of such person as in other cases, 
 according to law until duly discharged. It shall be the duty of 
 each of the keepers of said jail or workhouse to render to the clerk 
 of said court, at least once in each month, an account of all persons 
 committed to his custody by order of said court, and of those dis- 
 charged, stating by whom and how discharged, and to pay over to 
 said clerk all moneys paid to them for fines or costs by or for such 
 persons, except that they shall be permitted to retain five per 
 centum of such moneys so received by them, as compensation for 
 making out such returns, and said clerk shall keep said returns 
 on file. 
 
 Sec. 197. It shall be lawful for all members of the police 
 department of said city, and it shall be their duty, to arrest, with- 
 out previous complaint and warrant, all such persons as are guilty 
 of drunkenness, vagrancy, disorderly conduct, breach of the peace, 
 common assaults, and other offenses, when such offenses shall be 
 committed within the jurisdiction of the city court, and such 
 offenders shall be taken or apprehended in the act, or on the speedy 
 information of others, and all persons so arrested shall be presented 
 before said city court at its next session for trial ; each member of 
 said police department shall also have power, by permission of the 
 chief of said department, to pursue and arrest with process in any 
 part of this state persons charged with criminal act committed 
 within the limits of the citv or town of New Haven.
 
 Sec. 198. The chief of said police department shall have power, 
 subject to the control of the mayor of said city, to suppress all 
 tumults, riots, and unlawful assemblies within said city or town, 
 with force and strong hand ; to enter into any house and building 
 in said city or town reasonably suspected of being inhabited, fre- 
 quented, or resorted to by persons of ill-fame, or persons of idle, 
 dissolute, or disorderly character, or for purposes of gambling or 
 gaming; to command all such persons, when found in or about 
 such house or building to disperse, and, upon their refusal so to do, 
 to arrest such persons, and cause them to be brought immediately 
 before said city court, to be proceeded against according to law, 
 and to require any person to aid him in the execution of the powers 
 conferred upon him by this section ; and every person of sufficient 
 age and ability who shall refuse to aid and assist him when so 
 required shall forfeit a sum not exceeding fifty dollars to said city, 
 to be sued for and collected by the city attorney. — As amended by 
 act approved April 9, 1901, 
 
 Sec. 199. All acts or parts of acts inconsistent herewith relating 
 to or affecting the city court of New Haven are hereby repealed, 
 but said court shall have jurisdiction over all offenses committed or 
 causes of action accruing prior to its taking effect, whether pending 
 or not, in the same manner as though this act had not been passed. 
 
 Sec. 200. All powers, duties, and liabilities formerly vested in 
 and imposed upon the town of New Haven respecting highways, 
 private ways, bridges, and respecting paupers, shall hereafter be 
 transferred and be imposed upon the city of New Haven. All 
 provisions of the charter of said city concerning highw^ays, private 
 ways, and bridges shall hereafter be extended and made to apply to 
 all territories within the present limits of the city of New H^ven. 
 
 Department of Charities and Correction. 
 
 Sec. 201. There shall be a department of charities and correc- 
 tion in said city under the management and control of a board com- 
 posed of three members. During the month of January, 1908, and 
 biennially thereafter, the mayor shall appoint a board of three mem- 
 bers to serve for a term of two years from the first day of February 
 following their appointment. In making said appointment the 
 mayor shall designate one of said board to be superintendent. Not
 
 —85— 
 
 more than two members of said board shall at any one time belong 
 to the same political party. Said board may make all necessary rules 
 and regulations concerning the afifairs of said department not in- 
 consistent with the law or with the ordinances of said city. Said 
 superintendent shall receive a salary not exceeding two thousand 
 dollars per year. The other members of said board shall serve with- 
 out pay. Said superintendent shall give bonds to the amount of 
 twenty-five thousand dollars. — As amended by acts approved June 
 10. 1901, and July 6, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 202. Said board of charities and correction shall hereafter 
 be charged with the care of the poor belonging to said city and 
 those within the former limits of said town, and shall execute all laws 
 relative thereto which would, except for this act, apply at any time 
 to the selectmen of said town. All paupers within said city who 
 have no settlement therein shall be cared for or removed by said 
 board in the same manner in which they would have been cared 
 for or removed by the selectmen of the town of New Haven were 
 it not for this act. Said board shall provide a suitable place where 
 shelter and food may be furnished at the discretion of said board 
 to any destitute person temporarily within said city ; but no able- 
 bodied person, whether a resident or non-resident of said city, shall 
 be furnished shelter, food, or relief in any form, unless such person 
 shall render in labor or otherwise as full an equivalent for what he 
 receives as such board shall consider reasonable under the circum- 
 stances. 
 
 The said board shall annually make a report of its doings for the 
 fiscal year next preceding, in accordance with the provisions of sec- 
 tion 158, which report shall be pubHshed with the report of the other 
 departments. 
 
 Sec. 203. On or before the first day of November in each year, 
 said board shall submit to the board of finance in said city estimates 
 of the amount of money required by it for the ensuing fiscal year, 
 specifying the purpose for which each part is required. 
 
 Said board shall cause to be kept a record showing the age, sex, 
 nationality, and probable cause of destitution of each person whom 
 it relieves, the time when public relief was first given, the amount 
 of relief given to. each person, the birthplace of each, the number 
 of applicants for relief in each month, and the monthly expendi- 
 ture for all relief; and said record shall at all reasonable times be
 
 —86— 
 
 open to the inspection of the pubHc. — As amended by act approved 
 April 11, 1901. 
 
 Sec. 204. Said board shall have power to employ and dischart^-e 
 a manager of Springside farm and home, who shall reside at said 
 place, and shall engage in no other business, and may authorize the 
 superintendent to employ and discharge such clerks and other 
 assistants as it may find necessary in carrying on its work. All 
 appointments and removals made by said board, of officers or 
 employes, whose compensation exceeds twelve dollars per week, 
 shall be in writing, and be signed by at least two members of said 
 board and entered upon the records of the department. Said 
 board shall have an office in the city hall, which shall be open on 
 each business day at times to be fixed by said board. 
 
 Sec. 205. Said superintendent shall have the care, manage- 
 ment, and direction of the almshouse. All relief given to persons 
 outside of the almshouse (except to those in hospitals, asylums, and 
 other public institutions) shall be given under his supervision. He 
 shall be the purchasing agent of said board, and shall make a writ- 
 ten report to said board on or about the fifth day of each month, as 
 directed by said board, of all purchases, sales, and collections made 
 by him during the month last ended, and he shall also report what 
 supplies were on hand, at the almshouse or elsewhere, on the last 
 day of the month preceding his report. 
 
 Sec. 206. All powers and duties of the selectmen of said town 
 concerning the appointment and supervision of conservators, guar- 
 dians, and overseers, the commitment of persons to the Connecticut 
 School for Boys, or the Connecticut Industrial School for Girls, 
 the commitment of insane persons and indigent, imbecile children 
 to proper institutions, the indenture of apprentices, the giving of 
 children in adoption, the education of children, the collection and 
 return of statistics concerning the deaf, dumb, and blind, prosecu- 
 tion for bastardy, and concerning all other matters afifecting the 
 defective and dependent classes, and the execution of all laws rela- 
 tive thereto, which would at any time, except for this act, belong 
 to the selectmen of said town, shall hereafter be exercised or per- 
 formed by said board of charities and correction. All notices and 
 summonses respecting any of the matters mentioned in this section 
 which the law now requires to be served upon the selectmen of 
 said town shall hereafter be served upon the clerk of said city, 
 who shall forthwith sfive notice to the clerk of said board.
 
 —87— 
 
 All powers relating- to the establishment of workhouses wliich 
 would at any time, except for this act, belong- to said town, shall 
 hereafter be conferred upon said cit}-. All workhouses of said 
 city and their inmates shall hereafter be maintained and controlled 
 by said board of charities and correction, and said city shall have 
 the use and benefit of the labor of all inmates of its workhouse. 
 All general laws concerning^ town workhouses, so far as they are 
 consistent with this act, shall apply to said city. 
 
 Town Clerk. 
 
 Sec. 207. The town clerk of said town shall continue to dis- 
 charge all the duties required of him by law hereafter, and his 
 compensation shall be three thousand dollars a year, which, together 
 with the expenses of his office, including the salaries of clerks, 
 the number and salaries of which shall be determined by the board 
 of finance, shall be paid by said city. On the first week day of 
 each month said town clerk shall make report to the mayor of all 
 fees collected by him during the preceding month, and shall pay 
 the amount of the same into the city treasury. On or before the 
 fifteenth day of February in each year he shall, in accordance 
 with the provisions of section 158, submit to the mayor an account 
 of the doings of his office for the preceding fiscal year, which 
 report shall contain a statement of all moneys received and 
 expended in said year. He shall give bonds in the amount of ten 
 thousand dollars. 
 
 Registrar of Vital Statistics. 
 
 Sec. 208. The registrar of vital statistics of said town shall 
 hereafter continue to discharge all of the duties required of him 
 by law, and his compensation shall be two thousand dollars per 
 annum, which, together with the expenses of his office, including 
 salaries of clerks, the number and salaries of which shall be deter- 
 mined by the board of finance, shall be paid by said city. On the 
 first week day of each month the registrar of vital statistics shall 
 make report to the mayor of all fees collected by him during the 
 preceding month and shall pay the amount of the same into the 
 city treasury. On or before the fifteenth day of February in each 
 year he shall, in accordance with the provisions of section 158,
 
 —88— 
 
 submit to the mayor an account of the doinj^s of his office for the 
 preceding fiscal year, which report shall contain a statement of all 
 money received and expended by him for the preceding fiscal year. 
 He shall give bonds in the amount of five thousand dollars. 
 
 Selectmen and Constables, 
 
 Sec, 209. The selectmen and constables elected to hold office for 
 one year from the first week day of June, 1905, shall continue to hold 
 their respective offices until the first week day of January, 1907. 
 There shall be elected on the Tuesday after the first Monday of 
 November, 1906, and on the Tuesday after the first Monday of 
 November of every second year thereafter, five selectmen and five 
 constables, who shall hold ofifice for one year from the first week 
 day in January next following their election. There shall be elected 
 on the first Monday of October, 1907, and on the first Monday of 
 October in every second year thereafter, five selectmen and five 
 constables, who shall hold office for one year from the first week 
 day in January next following their election ; provided, hoivever, 
 that if the certain proposed amendment to the constitution con- 
 cerning the election of selectmen and officers of local police, which 
 was passed in the house of representatives of the general assembly, 
 May 20, 1903, shall be finally adopted and become effective, and 
 if the electors of the town of New Haven shall so determine, the 
 selectmen and constables shall be elected biennially, beginning with 
 the election to be held the first Monday of October, 1907, and the 
 selectmen and constables then and thereafter elected, shall hold 
 office for two years from the first week day in January next suc- 
 ceeding their election, and there shall be no election of selectmen 
 or constables thereafter, excepting only in every second year after 
 1907. 
 
 No person elected as constable shall enter upon the duties of his 
 office until he has filed a bond with sufficient surety, in the sum 
 of five thousand dollars, payable to the treasurer of the city of 
 New Haven, conditioned for the faithful performance of his duties. 
 The powers and duties of said selectmen shall hereafter be limited 
 to those powers vested in and those duties imposed upon selectmen 
 by the constitution and laws of the state relating to the admission 
 of persons to the privileges of electors in said town, and to the 
 erasure from the registry list of the names of those who have for-
 
 —89— 
 
 feitcd the privileges of electors, and the powers and duties imposed 
 upon them by the act incorporating The Trustees of the Old Alms- 
 house Farm of New Haven, and the amendments thereto. No 
 elector shall vote for more than three selectmen at any election. 
 Each of said selectmen shall receive fifty cents per hour for the 
 time actually spent in the discharge of said duties, and their neces- 
 sary expenses, and their compensation and expenses shall be paid 
 by said city. — As amended by act approved July 6, 1905. 
 
 Sec. 210. The town clerk, the registrar of vital statistics, the 
 grand jurors, and the registrars of voters,- elected to hold office for 
 two years from the first week day of June, 1905, shall continue to 
 hold their respective offices until the first week day of January, 1908. 
 The city of New Haven shall, at the election to be held on the first 
 Monday of October, 1907, and biennially thereafter, elect a town 
 clerk for the town of New Haven, who shall hold his ofBce for the 
 term of two years from the first week day of January next suc- 
 ceeding his election, and shall perform all the duties imposed by 
 law upon the town clerks of other towns. The city of New Haven 
 shall, at the election to be held on the first Monday of October, 
 1907, and biennially thereafter, elect a registrar of vital statistics, 
 grand jurors, and registrars of voters, each to serve for two years 
 from the first week day of January next succeeding his election. 
 The powers and duties of said registrars shall be the same as they 
 would have been in the same town had this act not been passed, and 
 they shall be subject to all laws applying to the corresponding 
 ofificers of other towns. All expenses of said town elections shall 
 be paid by said city, and warning of said elections shall be given 
 as provided by law for town elections. All electors formerly of the 
 town of New Haven and of the city of New Haven shall be electors 
 of said city and shall be qualified to hold office in said city and vote 
 at all city elections. All elections in said town shall hereafter be 
 held on the third Tuesday of April in each year, beginning with 
 the April election, 1902. — As amended by acts approved June 10, 
 1901, and July 6, 1905. 
 
 Board of Assessors, 
 
 Sec. 211. There shall be a board of .assessors in said city con- 
 sisting of five members, not more than three of whom shall belong 
 to the same political party. The present members of the board of
 
 —90— 
 
 assessors in said city shall continue to be members of said board 
 until the term for which they have been appointed shall expire, 
 unless sooner removed for cause in accordance with the provisions 
 of this act. In the month of January, 1907, and annually thereafter, 
 the mayor shall appoint one assessor to serve for five years from 
 the first day of February next following his appointment. Each 
 assessor shall receive a salary of two thousand dollars a year. Said 
 board of assessors may appoint a clerk or clerks, the number and 
 salaries of which shall be fixed by the board of finance. Said 
 assessors shall have the same powders and duties which the assessors 
 of the town of New Haven would have had if this act had not been 
 passed. — As amended by act approved July 6, 1905. 
 
 Board of Relief. 
 
 Sec. 212. There shall be a board of relief in said city consisting 
 of three members, not more than two of whom shall belong to the 
 same political party. The present members of the board of relief 
 shall continue to hold office until the terms for which they have 
 been appointed shall expire, unless sooner removed for cause in 
 accordance with the provisions of this act. In the month of Janu- 
 ary, 1907, and annually thereafter, the mayor shall appoint one 
 member of the board of relief to serve for three years from the 
 first day of February next following his appointment. Each mem- 
 ber of the board of relief shall receive a salary of two hundred 
 dollars for each of the months of April, May and June, 1901, and 
 thereafter a salary of three hundred dollars a year. Said board of 
 relief shall have the same powers and duties which the board of 
 relief of the town of New Haven would have had if this act had 
 not been passed. — As amended by acts approved March 21, 1901, 
 and July 6, 1905. 
 
 Mayor's Po\^'ER of Removal. 
 
 Sec. 213. The mayor may at any time w^henever he may believe 
 any person appointed to office by him or any of his predecessors to 
 be incompetent, or unfaithful to the duties of his office, or that the 
 requirements of the public service demand his removal, summon 
 said officer before him at a place and time specified in said sum-
 
 —91- 
 
 mons, to show cause why he should not be removed from said 
 office. With said summons he shall leave with said officer a written 
 statement of charges against him, and if, after full hearing, he 
 shall find that such officer is incompetent or unfaithful, or that 
 requirements of the public service demand his removal, he may 
 remove such person from his office. 
 
 Any such official so removed may appeal from the order of the 
 mayor removing him from said office to the superior court or any 
 judge thereof, which appeal shall be made returnable not more 
 than six nor less than three days from the date of the order of 
 removal of said mayor, and shall be served upon the mayor, or at 
 his usual place of abode, at least forty-eight hours before the time 
 fixed for a hearing. And said court or judge, having given sucli 
 further notice as may be deemed necessary to all parties, shall 
 forthwith hear said case, and may approve or revoke the order of 
 said mayor, and may award costs at his discretion. But no such 
 official so removed shall exercise any of the powers of his office 
 during the pendency of his appeal to the superior court. 
 
 General Provisions. 
 
 Sec. 214. All officers, not heieinbefore mentioned, who would, 
 except for this act, be elected by said town, or be appointed by the 
 selectmen of said town, shall hereafter be chosen and appointed by 
 the court of common council of said city, in so far as said officers 
 are necessary under the laws, except as herein otherwise provided ; 
 and they shall have the same powers and be charged with the same 
 duties that would otherwise devolve by law upon such officers in 
 said town. 
 
 Sec. 215. The consolidation act of 1897 being adopted by a 
 majority of the votes in accordance with the provisions of section 
 27 of said act, all property belonging" to the town of New Haven 
 prior to the seventh day of December, 1897, shall be and is vested 
 in the corporation of the city of New Haven. Said city shall have 
 full authority and power to collect for its own use all town taxes 
 and all other moneys which may be due to said town and unpaid, 
 when this act goes into effect ; and said city is hereby made liable 
 for all debts which, except for this act, might at any time be 
 enforced against said town.
 
 —92— 
 
 Sec. 216. The aldermen or councilnien representing the thir- 
 teenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth wards of said city shall not vote, 
 either as a member of either of said boards, or as a member of a 
 committee of either of said boards, upon any question pending 
 before either of said boards in which their wards have no right or 
 interest until their respective wards shall have come under full 
 jurisdiction of the city in the manner prescribed in section 218 of 
 this act. 
 
 Sec. 217. No property in the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fif- 
 teenth wards of said city shall receive any service, protection, or 
 improvements from the g-overnment of said city except such as 
 were, prior to December, 1897, furnished by the town of New 
 Haven; and none of such property shall be subject to burdens by 
 assessment, taxation, or otherwise, for sidewalks, curbing, sewers, 
 or any other public work which can be properly described by the 
 term "city improvements," except such as might have been laid 
 or enforced by the town of New Haven or by the selectmen of the 
 town of New Haven. None of said property shall be taxed by said 
 city more than four mills on the dollar, exclusive of the school tax; 
 and none of the oyster grounds in New Haven harbor not in state 
 jurisdiction, which have not heretofore been subject to city tax- 
 ation, shall be taxed more than four mills on the dollar. 
 
 The provisions of this section, except those relating to taxation 
 of oyster ground, shall not apply to any ward which may be 
 brought under the full jurisdiction of the city in accordance witli 
 the provisions of and in the manner prescribed in section 218 of 
 this act. 
 
 Sec. 218. Whenever one hundred electors of said city, residing 
 in any one of the said thirteenth, fourteenth, or fifteenth wards, 
 shall petition the court of common council of said city that the 
 ward in which they reside may be brought under the full jurisdic- 
 tion of said city, so that the persons and property within said ward 
 may secure from the government of said city the same benefits and 
 be subject to the same obligations as persons and property within 
 the original twelve wards of said city, said court of common coun- 
 cil, after due hearing, may fix a day on which all legal voters 
 residing within the limits of said ward may vote upon the question 
 whether they are in favor of or opposed to said petition. And if 
 on said day a majority of the votes cast within said ward shall be 
 found in favor of having said petition granted, said court of com-
 
 —93— 
 
 nion council shall grant the same and make an order that the said 
 ward shall thereafter be and remain under the full jurisdiction of 
 said city, and such order shall have the same force and effect as if 
 it formed a part of this act. 
 
 Sec. 219. All powers and duties of the town of New Haven, 
 and all powers and duties of the selectmen of the town of New 
 Haven, not otherwise provided for in this act, shall hereafter 
 devolve upon the city of New Haven, and be exercised and dis- 
 charged in such manner and by such agents or officials as the court 
 of common council shall order. 
 
 Sec. 220. Hereafter no town meeting shall be held in the town 
 of New Haven except for the election of town officers. 
 
 Sec. 221. All city ordinances now in force and effect, and all 
 city ordinances hereafter enacted by the court of common council 
 of the city of New Haven, except those controlling the matter 
 specified in section 217, shall be of full force and effect in all the 
 fifteen wards of said city. 
 
 Sec. 222. Whenever any vacancy shall occur in any office 
 required by sections 200 to 221 inclusive of this act, before the 
 expiration of the term of such office, said vacancy shall, within 
 thirty days thereafter, be filled for the remainder of the unexpired 
 term by choosing a new officer in the same manner in which the 
 last incumbent of said office was chosen. 
 
 Sec. 223. Nothing herein shall be construed to abolish the 
 Westville school district, or the South school district, or the borough 
 of Fair Haven East, or as abridging their respective jurisdictions 
 over all portions of their respective territories until the inhabitants 
 thereof shall have come under the full jurisdiction of the city of 
 New Haven in accordance with the terms and provisions of section 
 218 of this act. 
 
 Sec. 224. All officers of said city in office when this act takes 
 effect shall continue to hold office for the terms for which they 
 were appointed or elected, as the case may be, and are hereby 
 invested with the powers conferred by this act and the powers and 
 duties conferred upon them by the general laws of this state not 
 inconsistent with the provisions of this act. 
 
 Sec. 225. The court of common council of the city of New 
 Haven shall appoint agents of the town deposit fund of New 
 Haven, who shall perform all duties and have all the powers con- 
 ferred upon agents of town deposit funds appointed by towns.
 
 —94— 
 
 Sec. 226. This act shall be a public act, and all acts or parts of 
 acts, public or private, inconsistent herewith are hereby repealed 
 so far as the efifect upon this act is concerned ; but no acts hitherto 
 repealed shall be revived by such repeal. 
 
 This act shall not repeal any provisions in the resolutions of the 
 general assembly approved Jwly 1, 1895, concerning street pave- 
 ments and bonds, and amendments thereto, or the act concerning' 
 the establishment of a public hospital for contagious diseases, 
 approved June 28, 1893. 
 
 No rights, prvileges, or immunities vested in said city or in any 
 person against said city shall be deemed to be impaired by such 
 repeal, and all actions brought against said city or prosecutions for 
 the breach of any ordinance or by-law, shall be proceeded with as 
 though this act had not been passed. All ofifenses committed or 
 penalties incurred shall be prosecuted as though this act had not 
 been passed. Said repeal shall not afifect any act done or right 
 allowed unless by law otherwise provided. 
 
 All lawful city ordinances and any regulations or by-laws of said 
 city in force and not inconsistent herewith are hereby continued in 
 efifect until the same shall be duly amended by competent author- 
 ities ; provided, that all such ordinances, regulations, and by-laws 
 shall be deemed to be and hereby are amended, so as to confer 
 upon the proper officers and boards the power and authority and 
 duties that are hereby conferred or imposed upon them. 
 
 Sec. 227. This act shall take effect July 2, 1899. 
 
 Approved, June 20, 1899.
 
 APPENDIX.
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 SPECIAL ACXS 
 
 RELATING TO 
 
 New Haven and New Haven Harbor. 
 
 An Act to Establish a Board of Harbor Commissioners for 
 New Haven Harbor. 
 
 Section 1. The governor, with the advice and consent of the 
 senate, shall before the first day of July next, appoint five compe- 
 tent persons, resident in the city of New Haven, or in the town of 
 East Haven, who shall constitute a board of harbor commissioners 
 for New Haven harbor, and who shall hold their offices from the 
 dates of their respective appointments, and for the terms of one, 
 two, three, four, and five years, respectively, from the first day of 
 July next, the term of each to be designated at the time of his 
 appointment. The governor shall, in like manner, before the first 
 day of July in every year after this year, appoint a commissioner 
 to continue in office for the term of five years from said day ; and 
 in case of any vacancy occurring in the board, by resignation, or 
 otherwise, shall, in the same manner, appoint a commissioner for 
 the residue of the term, and may in the same manner remove a 
 commissioner; provided, that in case of a vacancy occurring when 
 the general assembly is not in session, the governor alone shall 
 have power to fill such vacancy, but the commissioner so appointed 
 shall hold office only until the next session of the general assembly, 
 and until his successor is appointed, unless confirmed by the senate. 
 
 Sec. 2. Said board of harbor commissioners shall have the 
 general care and supervision of New Haven harbor and its tide-
 
 —98— 
 
 waters, and of all the flats and lands flowed thereby, in order to 
 prevent and remove unauthorized encroachments and causes of 
 every kind which are liable to interfere with the full navigation of 
 said harbor, or in any way injure its channels, or cause any reduc- 
 tion of its tide-waters. They may, from time to time, make such 
 surveys, examinations, and observations as they may deem neces- 
 sary, in said harbor, for said purpose, and employ for these pur- 
 poses competent engineers, and also employ such clerical and 
 other assistance as they may think necessary. They shall have an 
 office in the city of New Haven, where the maps, charts, and plans 
 connected with said harbor, records of all their doings, and all 
 documents relating to their business shall be kept. 
 
 Sec. 3. Whenever, in the judgment of said board of harbor 
 commissioners the public good requires, they may proceed to pre- 
 scribe harbor lines in said harbor, beyond which no wharf, pier, or 
 other structure shall be extended into said harbor, and shall report 
 the same for the consideration of the general assembly at its next 
 session : provided, hozvever, that said commissioners, before draw- 
 ing any such line, shall appoint a convenient time and place for the 
 hearing of all persons interested, and shall give notice thereof by 
 publication two weeks successively in two or more newspapers pub- 
 lished in the city of New Haven, the first publication to be at least 
 twenty days before the time of hearing. 
 
 Sec. 4. All persons whatsoever contemplating the building over 
 said harbor and tide-waters, any bridge, wharf, pier or dam, or the 
 filling any flats, or the driving any piles below high water mark, 
 shall, before beginning it, give written notice to said commissioners 
 of the work they intend to do, and submit plans of any proposed 
 wharf or other structure, and of the flats to be filled, and of the 
 mode in which the work is to be performed ; and no such work 
 shall be commenced until the plan and mode of performing the 
 same shall be approved in writing by a majority of said commis- 
 sioners. And the said commissioners shall have power to alter 
 the said plans at their discretion, and to prescribe the direction, 
 limits, and mode of building the wharves and other structures, and 
 all such works shall be executed under the supervision of said com- 
 missioners. 
 
 Sec. 5. The amount of tide-water displaced by any structure 
 or filling of flats hereafter authorized as aforesaid, shall be ascer-
 
 —99— 
 
 tained by said conimissioneVs, and they shall, in all cases affecting 
 said New Haven harbor, if they shall deem it necessary, require 
 the parties making the same to make compensation therefor, either 
 by excavating in some part of said harbor, including tide-water 
 channels between high and low water mark, to such an extent as 
 to create a basin for as much tide-water as may be displaced by 
 such structure or filling of flats, and the same shall be done under 
 the direction of said commissioners, or by paying in lieu of per- 
 forming the work of dredging to restore the displaced tide-water 
 a sufficient sum of money for making such compensation, or by 
 improving the harbor in any other mode t-o the satisfaction of said 
 commissioners ; and all moneys thus paid shall be paid into the 
 treasury of the city of New Haven, and be reserved as a compen- 
 sation fund for said harbor, and used for that purpose under the 
 direction of said commissioners : provided, that all dredging made 
 for purposes of such compensation for displaced tide-water shall 
 in no wise injure any existing channels, but as far as practicable 
 shall be directed toward their permanent improvement. 
 
 Sec. 6. Any erection or work hereafter made in any manner 
 not sanctioned by said commissioners, where their direction is 
 required, as hereinbefore provided, within tide-waters flowing into 
 or through said harbor shall be deeriied, and is hereby declared to 
 be, a public nuisance. Said commissioners shall have power to 
 order suits in the name of the state to prevent or stop, by injunc- 
 tion or otherwise, any such erection, or other nuisance in the tide- 
 waters flowing into or through said harbor, and such suits shall be 
 conducted by and at the expense of the city of New Haven. 
 
 Sec. 7. Said commissioners are authorized and empowered, 
 whenever they deem it necessary, to apply to Congress for appro- 
 priations for protecting and improving said harbor. 
 
 Sec. 8. All expenses incurred by said commissioners shall be 
 paid by the city of New Haven in the same manner as is now pro- 
 vided in the charter of said city for the payment of other claims 
 and accounts, but no contracts shall be made, and no acts done by 
 said commissioners which involve the payment of any money from 
 the treasury of said city, except as herein provided, without an 
 appropriation expressly made for that purpose by the court of com- 
 mon council of said city. 
 
 Sec. 9. For the purposes of this act New Haven harbor shall 
 be held to include all those lands over which the tide ebbs and
 
 —100— 
 
 flows, lyings northerly of a line drawn from the southerly limit of 
 Oyster River Point, upon the westerly side of said harhor, as laid 
 down upon the chart of said harbor, published in the year 1846, 
 by the United States coast survey, thence easterly to Ludington 
 Rock, so-called, and thence to the point called South End, upon 
 the easterly side of said harbor,' as laid down upon said map ; pro- 
 vided, that the provisions contained in the fourth and fifth sections 
 of this act shall not apply to that portion of said harbor lying 
 southerly of a line drawn from a point two hundred feet southerly 
 from Oyster Point, so-called, thence easterly across said harbor to 
 the signal station of the United States coast survey upon Crane's 
 Bar, so-called : and provided further, that the provisions contained 
 in said sections shall not apply to any wharf already commenced 
 upon the easterly side of said harbor, between said Crane's Bar 
 and the easterly abutment of Tomlinson's bridge, so-called. 
 
 Sec. 10. Nothing contained in any of the provisions of this 
 act shall be construed to authorize or empower said commissioners 
 to grant or convey to any person or persons any right or title in or 
 to any of the tide-water flats of said harbor. 
 
 Sec. 11. This act shall take efifect from its passage. 
 
 Approved, June 27, 1872. 
 
 State vs. Sargent & Co., 45 Conn., 358. 
 
 An Act providing that one Member of the Board of Har- 
 bor Commissioners for New Haven Harbor shall reside 
 IN West Haven, and increasing the number to Six, etc. 
 
 Sec. 1. Section first of chapter sixty-first of the Special Acts 
 and Resolutions of the General Assembly, May Session, 1872, 
 being an act entitled "An Act to establish a Board of Harbor 
 Commissioners for New Haven Harbor," is hereby amended so 
 that the number of harbor commissioners for New Haven harbor 
 shall consist of six, one of whom shall always be a resident of the 
 borough of West Haven, in the town of Orange, and shall be 
 appointed, and his place, in case of vacancy for any cause, or at the 
 expiration of his term of office, filled as provided in said act ; 
 said sixth commissioner shall be first appointed at this general 
 assembly, and shall hold his office for five years, from the first day 
 of July, A. D. 1874.
 
 —101— 
 
 Sec. 2. Sections fourth and fifth of said act are hereby made 
 appHcable to that part of New Haven harbor, as defined in said 
 act, which is known as West Haven harbor. 
 
 Sec. 3. Provided, however, that all the expense of removing 
 unauthorized encroachments and causes of every kind, which are 
 liable to interfere w'ith the full navigation of said West Haven 
 harbor, or in any way injure its channels, or cause any reduction of 
 its tide-waters, shall be paid only by "The warden, burgesses, and 
 freemen of the borough of West Haven," which corporation is 
 hereby authorized to pay such expenses : provided, that at a legally 
 warned meeting of the freemen of said borough, held for that 
 purpose, said borough shall decide to pay such expense. 
 
 Sec. 4. This act shall take effect from its passage. 
 
 Approved. July 17, 1874. 
 
 Abstracts from General Statutes relating to New^ Haven 
 
 Harbor. 
 
 Sec. 4770. Obstructions in New Haven Harbor. Whenever 
 any person shall place any obstruction or erect any structure in 
 New Haven harbor, within the jurisdiction of the board of harbor 
 commissioners for said harbor, contrary to the order or without the 
 consent of said board, said board may order such person to remove 
 such obstruction or structure, and in case lie shall fail to do so 
 within such time as said board shall fix, said board may remove the 
 same and collect the expense of such removal from the person 
 responsible for such obstruction or structure ; but the right of 
 appeal given in Sec. 4772 shall apply to and stay any order made 
 by said board under the provisions of this section. 
 
 Sec. 4471. Wharfing Out Restricted. No wharf, pier, or 
 other structure shall be built or extended between Tomlinson bridge 
 and Long Wharf in New Haven harbor, into or over tide water 
 beyond the harbor line. Nothing in this section shall authorize the 
 construction or extension of any wharf, pier or other structure 
 between said bridge and said wharf in said harbor. 
 
 Sec. 4772. Appeal from New Haven Harbor Commissioners. 
 Any party aggrieved by any act of the board of harbor commis- 
 sioners for NeW' Haven harbor, in reference to the building over 
 said harbor and its tide-w^aters, of any bridge, wharf, pier, or dam, 
 or the filling of an_\- flats or driving of any piles below high-water
 
 —102— 
 
 mark, or in rcfcTcncc to the niak'in_G; of compensation for the (hs- 
 placement of the tide-water of said liarlior, ma}- make written ap- 
 plication for relief to the superior court to he held in and for New 
 Haven county at its session next after the doings of the act hy wliich 
 he claims to be aggrieved; provided, that he shall give notice to 
 said board of such application, by causing a copy thereof to be left 
 with the clerk of said board, or at his usual place of abode, before 
 the commencement of said session of said court, and within thirty 
 days after the doing of the act by which he claims to be aggrieved. 
 Said court may, by committee or otherwise, inquire into the al- 
 legations of such application, and may confirm, annul, or modify the 
 action of said board, or make such order in the premises as equity 
 may require, and may award costs at its discretion. 
 
 Sec. 4473. Dumping in Harbors Prohibited. Every person 
 who shall deposit any substance except oyster shells in New Haven 
 harbor, or off its mouth within two miles of Southwest ledge light- 
 house, or in Bridgeport harbor or off its mouth within three hundred 
 feet outside of the outer bar, so-called, or in the waters adjacent to 
 said harbor below Yellow and Old Mill bridges, or in Stamford 
 harbor, or off its mouth inside of a direct line drawn from Captain's 
 island light, off Greenwich, to the buoy on Old Cow reef off Shippan 
 point, shall be fined not less than fifty nor more than five hundred 
 dollars, or imprisoned not more than six months, or both ; but this , 
 section shall not prevent the owners of land adjacent to said harbors 
 from building wharves therein. 
 
 Sec. 4774. Jurisdiction of Offenses. The city court of New 
 Haven, and any justice of the peace in the towns of New Haven 
 and East Haven, shall have cognizance of all complaints for viola- 
 tions of Section 4773 in New Haven harbor or vicinity ; and the 
 city court of Bridgeport and any justice of the peace in the towns 
 of Bridgeport and Stratford shall have cognizance of all complaints 
 for violations thereof in Bridgeport harbor. The city court of 
 Stamford shall have cognizance of all complaints thereof in Stam- 
 ford harbor. 
 
 An y\cT Establishing Harbor Lines in New Haven Harbor. 
 
 Sec. 1. No wharf, pier, or other structure shall be extended 
 into or over tide-water in those portions of New Haven harbor 
 hereinafter described beyond the lines hereinafter defined, viz. :
 
 —103— 
 
 Commencing' at a point in the harbor Hne estabhshed in 1878, four 
 hundred feet perpendicularly distant easterly from the easterly 
 face of Canal wharf, so-called ; thence running northwesterly, 
 parallel with the easterly face of said Canal wharf, about sixteen 
 hundred and fifty-four feet, to the southerly line of Brewery 
 street, about four hundred and fourteen feet, to the easterly face 
 of said Canal wharf, so-called ; thence southeasterly along the face 
 of said Canal wharf, fifteen hundred and fifty-one feet, to its inter- 
 section w^ith said harbor line established in 1878. 
 
 Sec. 2. Nothing contained in this act shall be construed to give 
 authority to any person or persons to extend or construct a wharf, 
 pier, or other structure in those portions of New Haven harbor 
 above described. 
 
 Sec. 3. This act shall take effect from its passage, and shall not 
 aflfect any suit now pending. 
 
 Approved, April 30, 1895. 
 
 An Act giving City of New Haven Authority to Establish 
 
 Public Wharves. 
 
 Sec. 1. The court of common council of the city of New 
 Haven shall have authority to make, alter, and repeal ordinances 
 to provide for laying out. grading, discontinuing, altering, estab- 
 lishing, and making public wharves, public landing places, and 
 public slips, below high-water mark within the limits of the city of 
 New Haven, and to provide for the protection of all sewers and 
 sewer outlets which are or may be constructed below high-water 
 mark within the limits of said city ; and for the aforesaid purposes, 
 said court of common council is hereby authorized and empowered 
 to extend any highway or highways within said city upon or across 
 the flats of New Haven harbor, subject to the approval of the 
 board of harbor commissioners for New Haven harbor, whenever 
 and in whatever direction, in the opinion of said court of common 
 council, the public good may require. 
 
 Sec. 2. The board of public works of the said city shall have 
 the same powers and duties in respect to the layout, construction, 
 management, and control of such extension of highways as it now 
 has in respect to existing highways within the limits of said city.
 
 —10 
 
 Sec. 3. Said city may take and occupy so much of the flats of 
 New Haven harbor lying below high-water mark as may be neces- 
 sary for the purposes aforesaid, in the same manner as is now pro- 
 vided in the charter of said city, for taking land for a highway, 
 and, in all such cases, damages and benefits may be assessed in the i 
 same manner and upon the same notices as is now provided in said 
 charter for such assessments in the case of land taken for a highway. 
 
 Sec. 4. This act shall take effect from its passage. 
 
 Approved, June 13. 1895. 
 
 An Act Authorizing the City of New Haven to Issue 
 Street Pavement Bonds. 
 
 Sec. 1. That the court of common council of the city of New 
 Haven be and it is hereby authorized and empowered, by a concur- 
 rent vote of a majority of the members of each branch of said 
 court, present and absent, subject to the approval or disapproval of 
 the mayor of said city, as provided in the charter of the city, to 
 issue, under the corporate name and seal and upon the credit of 
 the city of New Haven, bonds or other certificates of debt, which 
 bonds shall be denominated street pavement bonds of the city of 
 New Haven ; the amount of said pavement bonds issued under this 
 act shall not exceed five hundred thousand dollars, and the same, 
 or the avails thereof, when sold as hereinafter authorized, shall be 
 appropriated by said court of common council to the payment of 
 any expense incurred by said city, in the original construction in 
 said city of new and so-called permanent pavements ; but no por- 
 tion of said bonds or avails shall be used for any other purpose 
 whatsoever. Any avails of the sale of said bonds may be tempo- 
 rarily borrowed by the city, as provided in section eighty-seven of 
 city ordinances, for the purpose of meeting current expenses of the 
 city ; provided, said temporary loans shall not in any way interfere 
 with the use of said funds for the purpose of permanent pavements, 
 nor shall any loan be made from said funds for a period of more 
 than four current months. Of the bonds issued at any time by 
 said city one-quarter shall be payable five years from date, one- 
 quarter ten years from date, one-quarter fifteen years from date, and 
 one-quarter twenty years from date. Said bonds shall be prepared, 
 signed, and authenticated in such manner as the said court of com- 
 mon council may determine, and they shall bear interest at a rate
 
 —105— 
 
 not exceeding four per centum per annum, payable semi-annually, 
 and may be sold from time to time under tbe direction of the 
 mayor and board of finance of said city. And said bonds or cer- 
 tificates, when issued as aforesaid, shall be obligatory upon the said 
 city of New Haven to all intents and purposes, and may be enforced 
 and collected in the same manner and to the same extent that debts 
 contracted by municipal corporations in this state are enforced. 
 
 Sec. 2. All pavements laid by authority of this act shall be 
 laid upon the credit of said city, and under the direction and con- 
 trol of its common council, and said city shall have power to collect 
 a part of the costs of such pavements from the persons and parties, 
 and in the manner hereinafter provided, to wit: On all streets or 
 parts of streets upon which abutting- land owners have never paid 
 the city any assessment for a pavement, such land owners on each 
 side of such streets, or parts of streets, shall be assessed and shall 
 severally pay to the city the cost of one square yard of such pave- 
 ment as shall be laid for every foot of such abutting land. On all 
 streets or parts of streets upon which abutting land owners have 
 paid to the city assessments for payments heretofore laid, such 
 land owners on each side of such streets or parts of streets shall be 
 assessed and shall severally pay to the city the cost of three and 
 one-half square feet of such pavement as shall be laid for every 
 front foot of abutting land, and all public abutting land shall be 
 assessed at the same rate as like private abutting land, hereinbefore 
 described. In all streets occupied by the track, or tracks, of any 
 railway company, or companies, said company or companies shall 
 be assessed and shall severally pay to the city the cost of paving 
 and repaving the full length, and nine feet wide for each and every 
 line of track of such railway or railways, now existing, or that may 
 hereafter be laid in any street of said city. All such assessments 
 on the hereinbefore described abutting land owners and railway 
 companies shall be payable at such time or times as may be deter- 
 mined by the court of common council. All the cost of such pave- 
 ments, as may be laid under the provisions of this act, above the 
 costs collectible from the abutting land owners and the railway 
 companies, as hereinbefore provided, shall be paid by the city, 
 which shall have and own all materials removed when old pave- 
 ments are reconstructed or repaired, and all collections from said 
 abutting land owners, said railways, all the premiums on said bonds 
 and the proceeds of the sale of such old materials, shall be added
 
 —106— 
 
 to the proceeds of the sale of said bonds to be used cxchisivcly for 
 the construction of said permanent pavements. 
 Approved, July 1. 1895. 
 
 Extending the Power of the City of New Haven under 
 THE Resolution approved July 1, 1895, Authorizing the 
 City of New Haven to Issue Street Pavement Bonds. 
 
 Sec. 1. That tlie city of New Haven is hereby authorized and 
 empowered to expend the proceeds of the street pavement bonds 
 authorized by the resolution of this assembly, approved July 1, 
 1895, in payment of all sums of money due under any contract 
 entered into by said city for the construction of new and so-called 
 permanent pavements, although said contracts shall include a clause 
 by the party contracting- to build said pavements, to keep the same 
 in repair for any period of years not exceeding fifteen. 
 
 Sec. 2. In estimating the cost of each square yard to be assessed 
 against the persons and railroad companies mentioned in section 
 two of said resolution, the entire cost of laying the pavement, and 
 the agreement to keep said pavement in repair for a period not 
 exceeding fifteen years, shall be considered. 
 
 Approved, March 24, 1897. 
 
 An Act concerning Permanent Pavements in the City of 
 
 New Haven. 
 
 Sec. 1. The board of finance of the city of New Haven shall 
 annually assess upon the grand list a sum not exceeding one mill 
 on the dollar for the paving of streets, and the receipts from said 
 assessments, and from all other assessments resulting from the con- 
 struction of street pavements herein provided for, shall only be ex- 
 pended in payment for the original construction of pavements herein 
 enumerated. — As amended by act approved April 17, 1901. 
 
 Sec. 2. Benefits and damages shall be laid under the control of 
 the court of common council and assessed by the bureau of com- 
 pensation of the city, as provided in the charter of said city, for or 
 against all owners of property abutting upon or adjoining the 
 streets on which such pavements are constructed ; which assessment 
 for such benefits shall not exceed per lineal foot of frontage seventy- 
 five cents for dimension granite block pavement, sixty cents for
 
 —107— 
 
 asphalt pavement, fifty cents for vitrified brick pavement, and 
 twenty cents for crushed stone pavement, if said bureau shall find 
 that the property is benefited to at least that amount ; provided, 
 hozi.'ez'cr, that no assessment shall be laid unless the granite block, 
 asphalt, and vitrified brick pavements shall each be provided with 
 not less than four inches in thickness of concrete cement foundation. 
 As amended by act approved April 14, 1903. 
 
 Sec. 3. An assessment of benefits and damag;es to be laid for 
 the pavements already constructed and laid in the city of New 
 Haven, upon Ashmun. Orange, Trumbull, Wooster, and West 
 Chapel streets, shall be laid in accordance with and under the pro- 
 visions of this act, and the property owners shall be assessed in 
 accordance therewith, irrespective as to whether or not brick gutters 
 have been laid on said streets. 
 
 Sec. 4. All pavements laid under the authority of this act shall 
 be laid upon the credit of the city of New Haven and under the 
 direction of its court of common council ; and said assessments shall 
 be collectible and payable, and liens laid to secure the same, at the 
 same time and in the same manner as are the taxes upon the grand 
 list of said city. 
 
 Sec. 5. Any party or parties who shall be aggrieved by any as- 
 sessment laid against them under this act shall have the right to ap- 
 peal to the superior court therefrom, as provided for in section 
 eighty-seven of the charter of the city of New Haven passed by the 
 general assembly at its January session, 1897. 
 
 Sec. 6. This act shall be regarded as an amendment to the 
 charter of the city of New Haven, and all acts and parts of acts 
 inconsistent herewith are hereby repealed. 
 
 Sec. 7. Nothing herein contained shall prevent the city of 
 New Haven from issuing bonds for street pavements in accordance 
 with the power conferred by chapter 389, special laws of 1895. 
 
 Sec. 8. This act shall not affect the liability of street railway 
 companies under the general laws.' — Approved April 28, 1899. 
 
 Establishing a Paving Commission in the City of New 
 
 Haven. 
 
 Section 1. Section one of an act establishing a paving commis- 
 sion in the city of New Haven, approved April 17. 1901, is hereby 
 amended to read as follows : There shall be in the citv of New
 
 — 1 OS- 
 Haven a commission on permanent j)avements consistinc^ of five citi- 
 zens of New Haven, to be api)ointe(l by tlie mayor dnrinc: tlie month 
 of June, 1901, none of whom shall hold any other office in the 
 government of said cit}- or be interested in the business of furnishinjy 
 paving- material or of laying pavements ; one of the citizens to be 
 named by the mayor shall be appointed for a term of five years, 
 one for a term of four years, one for a term of three years, one for 
 a term of two years, and one for a term of one year from the first 
 day of July, 1901. During each month of June thereafter the 
 mayor shall appoint one member of said commission who shall hold 
 ofifice for a term of five years from the first day of July next suc- 
 ceeding his appointment. The members of said commission shall 
 serve without pay. At no time shall more than three members of 
 said commission be of the same political party. — As amended by 
 act approved June 17, 1901. 
 
 Sec, 2. Said commission may, if it deem necessary, and sub- 
 ject to the approval of the board of finance, employ a clerk at a 
 salary not exceeding five hundred dollars per annum, and incur any 
 other expense subject to the approval of said board of finance, 
 which expense shall be paid by the city of New Haven. Said 
 commission shall submit an estimate of its expenses annually to 
 the board of finance, on or before the tenth day of October in 
 each year. 
 
 Sec. 3. The court of common council shall order upon what 
 streets a permanent pavement shall be laid. 
 
 Sec. 4. Said commission shall determine w^hat kind of a per- 
 manent pavement shall be laid upon the streets so ordered by the 
 board of common council, and they shall make contracts therefor, 
 in the manner prescribed by the city charter and ordinances, and 
 do all things necessary to the proper construction of the same. 
 
 Sec. 5. The construction of said permanent pavements shall 
 be superintended by the city engineer, and he shall prepare plans 
 and specifications, appoint such inspectors as he may deem neces- 
 sary, with the approval of said commission, and perform such 
 other services as the commission may direct. 
 
 Sec. 6. All permanent pavements ordered by the court of 
 common council, but not contracted for at the time that the said 
 commission is appointed, shall come under the jurisdiction of this 
 act.
 
 —109— 
 
 Sec. 7. Assessments for the expense of laying such pavements 
 shall be made as provided by the city charter and ordinances. 
 
 Sec. 8. All acts and parts of acts inconsistent herewith are 
 hereby repealed. 
 
 Sec. 9. This act shall take efifect from its passage. 
 
 Approved, April 17. 1901. 
 
 An Act Authorizing the City Court of New Haven to 
 Appoint Interpreters. 
 
 The city court of New Haven may appoint interpreters whose 
 duty shall be to interpret testimony when found necessary, and 
 who shall receive a reasonable compensation to be fixed by said 
 court. 
 
 Approved, July 9, 1895. 
 
 An Act Providing for a Stenographer for the City Court 
 
 OF New Haven. 
 
 Sec. 1. The city court of New Haven is hereby authorized and 
 empowered through its presiding judge, in every civil action pend- 
 ing before it, to appoint or call in some suitable and competent 
 stenographer to take the evidence in any civil action pending before 
 it, and such stenographer so appointed or called in by the presiding 
 judge shall have all the powers of and the evidence taken by such 
 stenographer shall have the same effect, and be evidence to the same 
 extent, as evidence taken by the official stenographer of the superior 
 court. 
 
 Sec. 2. The compensation of such stenographer shall not exceed 
 ten dollars per diem, and for fractions of days at the same ratio; 
 and the compensation for making copies shall not be higher than 
 that fixed by law for copies made by the official stenographer of the 
 superior court. 
 
 Sec. 3. The expenses of said stenographer shall be paid in the 
 same manner as the other court expenses of maintaining and 
 carrying on the business of said court. 
 
 Sec. 4. This act shall take effect from its passage, and shall 
 affect pending actions. 
 
 Approved, February 25, 1897.
 
 —110— 
 
 Authorizing the Ni:\v Haven City School District to Issue 
 
 Bonds. 
 
 Sec. 1. That the hoard of education of the New Haven city 
 school district he and it hereby is authorized and empowered, from 
 time to time, as said district at any legal meeting may have pro- 
 vided, to issue coupon or registered bonds in the name and upon 
 the credit of said district, to an amount not to exceed five hundred 
 thousand dollars, bearing interest at a rate not exceeding four per 
 centum per annum, and payable at such times as said board may 
 determine, but not more than fifty years from the date of issue, 
 and authenticated in such manner as said board of education may 
 direct. Said bonds shall be issued and their proceeds used only 
 for the purpose of paying the existing indebtedness of said district 
 at the time of said issue, and for the purpose of erecting, furnish- 
 ing, and equipping a new high school building, under authority 
 from said district ; provided, hozvever, that none of said bonds 
 shall be sold at any time at less than their par value. 
 
 Sec. 2. In the event of the consolidation of the New Haven 
 city school district with the city of New Haven, the authority 
 hereinbefore given is hereby conferred upon the board of educa- 
 tion of the city of New Haven ; said bonds to be issued in the 
 name and upon the credit of said city in such manner as may be 
 provided by law for the execution and authentication of bonds 
 issued by and in behalf of said city, and said bonds shall be issued 
 only for the purposes aforesaid. The board of finance of said 
 city shall provide for the payment of principal and interest of said 
 bonds, in the same manner provided by law for the payment of 
 other obligations of said district. 
 
 Approved, March 23, 1897. 
 
 Authorizing the City of New Haven to Borrow Money for 
 THE Purpose of Building a Schoolhouse. 
 
 Section 1. That the city of New Haven is hereby authorized 
 and empowered to borrow money, at such times, and in such 
 amounts, not exceeding in the aggregate the sum of fifty thousand 
 dollars, and upon such terms as may be approved by the board of 
 finance of said city, for the building, equipment, and furnishing of 
 a new schoolhouse in the Webster district, within the New Haven
 
 — HI— 
 
 city school district, and to issue a note or notes of said city for the 
 sum so borrowed as aforesaid. 
 
 Sec. 2. The proceeds of such loan or loans shall be appropriated 
 and used for the building and equipment of a schoolhouse in said 
 Webster district as aforesaid, and may be expended for such pur- 
 pose in accordance with appropriations already made therefor. 
 
 Sec. 3. All money borrowed under authority of this resolution 
 and any and all notes issued therefor as aforesaid, and all interest 
 thereon, shall be fully paid and discharged by said city of New 
 Haven out of money raised by said city by taxation in the year 1906. 
 
 Approved, May 19, 1905.' ' ' - 
 
 An Act Authorizing the City of New Haven to Issue 
 
 Bridge Bonds. 
 
 Sec. 1. That the city of New Haven be, and the same hereby 
 is, authorized and empowered to issue under the corporate name 
 and seal, and upon the credit of said city, bonds or other certifi- 
 cates of debt to an amount not exceeding in the whole the par 
 value of one hundred thousand dollars, which bonds shall be 
 denominated bridge bonds of the city of New Haven, and the 
 same or the avails thereof when sold may be appropriated by said 
 city, by the vote of its court of common council, to the payment of 
 any expenses incurred by said city in the construction of new 
 bridges, and for no other purposes. 
 
 Sec. 2. Said bonds may be issued in such sums, and shall be 
 prepared, signed, and authenticated in such manner as said city 
 by its court of common council may determine; shall be made 
 payable not more than twenty years from the date of their issue; 
 shall bear interest at the rate of not exceeding four per centum 
 per annum, payable semi-annually ; and may be sold from time to 
 time under the direction of the mayor and aldermen of said city; 
 and said bonds or certificates, when issued as aforesaid, shall be 
 obligatory upon the city of New Haven to all intents and purposes, 
 and may be enforced and collected" in the same manner and to the 
 same extent that debts contracted by municipal corporations in this 
 state are enforced. 
 
 Approved, July 1, 1895.
 
 —112— 
 Authorizing the City of New Haven to Issue Bridge Bonds, 
 
 Sec. 1. That the city of New Haven be and hereby is author- 
 ized and empowered to issue, under the corporate name and seal 
 and upon the credit of said city, bonds or other certificates of debt 
 to an amount not exceeing in the whole two hundred and ninety 
 thousand dollars, which bonds shall be denominated bridge bonds 
 of the city of New Haven, and the same or the avails thereof, 
 when sold, may be appropriated by said city, by the vote of its 
 court of common council, to the payment of any expenses incurred 
 by said city in the construction of bridges and the approaches 
 thereto, and for no other purposes. 
 
 Sec. 2. Said bonds may be issued in such sums, and shall be 
 prepared, signed, and authenticated in such manner, as said city by 
 its court of common council may determine ; shall be made payr 
 able not more than twenty years from the date of their issue ; shall 
 bear interest at the rate of not exceeding four per centum per 
 annum, payable semi-annually : and may be sold from time to time 
 under the direction of the mayor and aldermen of said city ; and 
 said bonds or certificates, when issued as aforesaid, shall be obliga- 
 tory upon the city of New Haven to all intents and purposes, and 
 may be enforced and collected in the same manner and to the same 
 extent that debts contracted by municipal corporations in this state 
 are enforced. 
 
 Sec. 3. None of the bonds issued by the city of New Haven 
 under the authority of this resolution shall be sold below par. 
 
 Approved, March 24, 1897. 
 
 An Act Relating to a Bridge over West River in the Town 
 
 OF Orange. 
 
 Sec. 1. Whenever the United States government, for the bene- 
 fit of commerce, shall order a new bridge over the main channel 
 of West river, at Kimberly avenue, in the town of Orange, whether 
 the same be a raised, draw or lift bridge, or such changes to be 
 made in the existing bridge on said avenue as shall require the con- 
 struction of a new bridge, one-half the cost of such bridge, of its 
 construction and approaches, and of its maintenance, shall be borne 
 by the city of New Haven, and the other half by the town of 
 Orange; and if a draw or lift bridge is ordered, the cost of its
 
 —113— 
 
 operation shall also be borne equally by the city of New Haven 
 and the town of Orange. 
 
 Sec. 2. Whenever the order or orders contemplated in section 
 one of this act shall be made by the government of the United 
 States, the division line between the city of New Haven and the 
 town of Orange, between the points hereinafter mentioned, shall 
 thereafter be as follows : commencing at a point in the center of 
 West river where the tracks of the New York, New Haven and 
 Hartford Railroad Company cross the same, thence extending 
 southerly along the center of the main channel of said West river 
 until it is intersected by a line running from a point of the beach 
 in New Haven harbor north eighty degrees west. 
 
 Sec. 3. All acts and parts of acts inconsistent herewith are here- 
 by repealed. ♦ 
 
 x'\pproved, June 12, 1897. 
 
 Pkovidixg for Drainage in the Town of New Haven. 
 
 Sec. 1. The town of New Haven, acting by and through the 
 board of selectmen thereof, is authorized and empowered within 
 the limits of said town to take, acquire, appropriate, and hold for 
 the purposes of drainage and sewerage, and to protect and preserve 
 the public health, at such times and in such manner as the public 
 health in the opinion of said board of selectmen may require, real 
 and personal property, and any and all streams and water-courses, 
 natural and artificial, or any portion thereof, and any rights con- 
 nected therewith, may also raise, fill up, and drain low grounds, 
 may deepen, clear out, alter and straighten said streams and water- 
 courses, remove therefrom, and from the bounds thereof, all build- 
 ings, walls, dams, and obstructions of all kinds, construct and main- 
 tain sewers and other channels for the flow of water, maintain and 
 establish the bounds of said water courses, streams, sewers and 
 channels, within which it shall not be lawful for any person to 
 place or continue any building, wall, dam or other obstruction, 
 without a written consent from said board of selectmen. 
 
 Sec. 2. Said selectmen, with their agents, may enter upon any 
 lands to make preliminary surveys and measurements to carry into 
 effect the provisions of this act. 
 
 Sec. 3. Before taking any property or rights under this act, 
 said selectmen shall cause to be made a survey and map containing
 
 a description, so far as practicable, of the lands, streams and 
 water-courses, and rights to be taken and appropriated, and shall 
 cause reasonable notice to be given to all known owners of land, 
 streams, or rights proposed to be taken, to appear before said board, 
 at such time and place as shall be designated in said notice, and 
 show cause, if any they have, why such lands, streams, water- 
 courses, or rights should not be taken and appropriated. Such 
 notice shall be written or printed, signed by at least a majority of 
 the board of selectmen, and a copy thereof left by any person, at 
 least six days before the day appointed for the hearing, with or at 
 the usual place of abode, if within the town of New Haven, of 
 such owner, shall be sufificient notice to such owner. 
 
 Any judge of the supreme court of errors or superior court, or 
 court of common pleas, may, by his order of notice, direct what 
 notice shall be given to owners who reside out of said town of 
 New Haven, and notice given pursuant to such order of notice 
 shall be sufficient. Said board of selectmen shall meet at the time 
 and place specified in said notice, and may adjourn from time to 
 time, and to such place as may to them seem best, and said board 
 shall hear all parties in interest who may appear before them to 
 object to the proposed action. And said board of selectmen may 
 alter and vary their proposed action, taking more or less land, 
 property, and rights, as may to them seem best, and immediately 
 after such hearing shall have been completed, said selectmen shall 
 cause said survey and map embracing any such alterations as may 
 have been determined upon to be filed in the oflfice of the towai 
 clerk of New Haven, and thereupon such lands, property, streams, 
 water-courses, and rights shall be deemed to be taken and appro- 
 priated for public use, and said board of selectmen may thereupon 
 proceed to occupy said lands, property, streams and water-courses. 
 
 Sec. 4. The special benefits accruing to any person whose prop- 
 erty is specially benefited by reason of any act done or improve- 
 ment made under this act shall be payable by such person to said 
 town, and all damages done shall be paid by such town. If said 
 board of selectmen do not agree with the parties interested as to 
 the benefits to be assessed on account of any act done or improve- 
 ment made under this act, any juclge of the supreme court of 
 errors or superior court shall, on application of said selectmen 
 or of any person interested, or whose property or rights are taken, 
 after causing such notice of the pendency of such application as
 
 —US- 
 he shall deem just and reasonable, appoint three judicious and 
 disinterested freeholders 'of the county of New Haven, to estimate 
 the damages and benefits resulting from said acts or improve- 
 ments, and said committee liaving been duly sworn and having 
 given notice of the time and place of their meeting for the purpose 
 aforesaid, by publishing the same not less than twice in a news- 
 paper published in the town of New Haven, and by giving 
 notice to all known owners, residing in the state of Connecticut, 
 of lands or rights to be taken and appropriated, by causing a copy 
 of a notice signed by a majority of said committee, of the time, 
 and place and purpose of said meeting, to be left with or at the 
 last usual place of abode of such owner, at least six days before 
 the time appointed for such hearing, shall meet at the time and 
 place designated, and adjourn from time to time, and having heard 
 all parties in interest who shall appear, shall determine what par- 
 ties will be damaged by said acts and improvements, in excess of 
 special benefits, and the amount thereof, also what parties owning 
 or interested in lands, easements, or rights within a reasonable 
 distance of said improvements, or where such acts are done, will 
 receive special benefit ; said committee shall report in writing, to the 
 superior court of New Haven county, on the first Tuesday of the 
 month, except July and August, next succeeding the day of their 
 last meeting herein provided for, and said court may confirm, cor- 
 rect by re-assessment or otherwise, or set aside said report, as he 
 may deem just, in which latter case said committee, or a new one 
 to be then appointed by said court, shall proceed as before, and 
 said report being finally accepted by said court, all corrections 
 determined upon by said court having been made, said proceedings 
 and report shall be recorded by the clerk of said court, and the 
 award of damages and benefits therein contained shall be final ; 
 and said original papers shall be kept by said clerk among the files 
 and records of said court, and execution shall be issued in favor 
 of each person entitled thereto for such damages so awarded to 
 him. 
 
 Sec. 5. Such assessments of benefits shall not be limited to 
 the amount of damages assessed, and shall be and remain a lien 
 upon the land or other property specially benefited as assessed; 
 provided, that such lien shall not remain for a longer period than 
 sixty days after such report has been accepted by said court, unless 
 the said board of selectmen shall file with the town clerk of said
 
 —116— 
 
 towns within sixty days a certificate signed by a majority of said 
 selectmen, descril)ing the property on which the Hen exists, and 
 the amount claimed as a Hen thereon. 
 
 Sec, 6. AH amounts due said town under this act shall be 
 collected by the tax collector, he having received a proper warrant 
 therefor under the hands of said selectmen, in the same manner as 
 taxes due said town are collected. 
 
 Sec. 7. If no person can be found to receive the amount of 
 damages assessed, or if any person refuse to receive the amount 
 assessed to him as damages, such sums shall be deposited with the 
 town treasurer to the credit of the person entitled thereto. 
 
 Sec. 8. No act shall be done pursuant to this act within the 
 limits of the city of New Haven, without the written consent of 
 the board of road commissioners, or by virtue of a resolution of 
 the board of aldermen of said city ; and said selectmen shall erect 
 and maintain dams and flood gates if required by the board of 
 health of said city, and operate the same as may be directed from 
 time to time by said board, and shall cause the sewerage and 
 drainage herein provided for to be done and performed under the 
 supervision of said board of health, and shall cause such filling and 
 other things and acts to be done as in the opinion of said board of 
 health may be necessary to promote, protect, and preserve the pub- 
 lic health. 
 
 Sec. 9. The action of a majority of the members of said board 
 of selectmen or of said committee shall in all cases be deemed the 
 action of the whole board or committee, as fully as if every mem- 
 ber thereof were present and participated in such action, and no 
 member of said committee, in this act provided, shall be disquali- 
 fied or be deemed interested by reason of his being a taxpayer of 
 said town or city of New Haven, or residing therein. 
 
 Sec. 10. This act shall be a public act and shall take efifect 
 from its passage. 
 
 Approved, April 14, 1881. 
 
 Authorizing the City of New Haven to Issue Sewerage Bonds. 
 
 Sec. 1. That the city of New Haven be and hereby is authorized 
 and empowered to issue under the corporate name and seal, and 
 upon the credit of said city, bonds or other certificates of debt to
 
 — 117— 
 
 an amount not exceeding in the whole two hundred and fifty thous- 
 and dollars, which bonds shall be denominated Sewera.c^e Bonds 
 of the City of New Haven, and the same, or the avails thereof when 
 sold, may be appropriated by said city to the payment of any ex- 
 penses incurred by said city in the construction of sewers in said 
 city. 
 
 Sec. 2. Said bonds may be issued in such sums, and shall be 
 prepared, signed, and authenticated in such manner as said city by 
 its board of aldermen may determine ; shall be made payable not 
 more than- twenty years from the date of their issue ; shall bear inter- 
 est at the rate of not exceeding four per centum per annum, payable 
 semi-annually ; and may be sold from time to time under the direc- 
 tion of the mayor and board of aldermen of said city; and said 
 bonds or certificates, when issued as aforesaid, shall be obligatory 
 upon the city of New Haven to all intents and purposes, and may 
 be enforced and collected in the same manner and to the same 
 extent that debts contracted by municipal corporations in this state 
 are enforced. 
 
 Approved. April 12, 1905. 
 
 To Provide Funds for the Maintenance of the Public 
 Parks in the City of New Haven. 
 
 Section 1. The court of common council and the board of 
 finance of the city of New Haven may annually assess upon the 
 grand list one-fifth of one mill on the dollar for the maintenance 
 and improvement of the public parks in the city of New Haven. 
 
 Sec. 2. The receipts from the assessment provided for in section 
 one of this act shall be expended under the direction of the New 
 Haven commission of public parks, for improvements made upon 
 the public parks of said city. 
 
 Sec. 3. Not more than six thousand dollars of said receipts 
 shall be expended in any one year upon any one park in said city. 
 
 Sec. 4. The board of finance of said city may appropriate from 
 any balance in the treasury of said city, not otherwise appropriated, 
 the sum of seven thousand dollars for the purchase of land for 
 park purposes, and the improvement of the public parks in said 
 city bv and under the control and management of the New Hav(;n
 
 —US- 
 commission of pul)lic parks durin^i^ the year ending December 31, 
 1901. 
 
 Sec. 5. All acts and parts of acts inconsistent herewith are 
 hereby repealed. 
 
 Sec. 6. This act shall take effect from its passage. 
 
 Approved. April 16, 1901. 
 
 Authorizing the City of New Havex to Fund its Float- 
 ing Indebtedness and to Issue Bonds Therefor. 
 
 Section 1. That the City of New Haven is hereby authorized to 
 retire the floating indebtedness of said city, as the same existed on 
 the thirty-first- day of December, 1904, by an issue of bonds not ex- 
 ceeding in the aggregate two hundred and fifty-four thousand 
 dollars. 
 
 Sec. 2. Within three months after the passage of this resolution 
 the board of finance of said city shall provide for the issue of bonds 
 sufficient in amount to retire said floating indebtednes. Said bonds 
 shall be issued under the direction of said board of finance, in such 
 denominations and at such rate of interest, not to exceed four per 
 centum per annum, as may be determined by said board, and shall 
 be made payable as follows : twenty-five thousand dollars twenty 
 years from the date of said bonds, and the remainder in like 
 amounts annually thereafter ; said bonds shall be prepared, signed, 
 and authenticated in such manner as said board shall determine, 
 shall be issued under the corporate name and seal and upon the 
 credit of said city, and shall be obligatory upon the city of New 
 Haven to all intents and purposes according to their tenor. 
 
 Sec. 3. The said bonds, or their proceeds, shall be used to re- 
 tire and pay such floating indebtedness under the direction of said 
 board of finance. 
 
 Sec. 4. Said board of finance, after said indebtedness shall have 
 been so funded, in making estimates of income and appropriations 
 for expenditures, shall take into account any surplus of receipts 
 over expenditures for the fiscal year preceding that for which such 
 estimates and appropriations are to be made, or, as the case may 
 be, any excess of expenditures over actual receipts for such year, 
 and shall provide in its appropriations for expenditures for the mak- 
 ing up or payment in full of any deficiency; it being the intent of
 
 —119— 
 
 this resolution after the floating indebtedness shall have been funded 
 as herein provided, that deficiencies and indebtedness caused there- 
 by shall be immediately and wholly extinguished out of the taxes 
 to be laid for the next succeeding year after that in which such 
 deficiency may have occurred. 
 Approved, June 30, 1905. 
 
 Amending the Charter of the City of New Haven and 
 
 Abolishing the Board of Councilmen 
 
 OF said City. 
 
 Section 1. The board of councilmen of the city of New Haven 
 is hereby abolished on and after the first week day of June, 1902. 
 
 Sec. 2. All of the powers and duties heretofore vested or 
 imposed by the charter of said city, or by any special or public act 
 of the general assembly, in or upon the court of common council 
 of the city of New Haven, are hereby vested and imposed in and 
 upon the board of aldermen on and after the first week day of 
 June, 1902. 
 
 Sec. 3. Section six of the charter of said city is hereby 
 amended to read as follows : On the third Tuesday of April, 1902, 
 the freemen of said city shall elect by ballot from among their 
 number, as prescribed by law, six aldermen at large, who shall hold 
 their respective offices for the term of one year from and after the 
 first week of June next succeeding their election. On the 
 third Tuesday of April, 1903, and on the third Tuesday of April 
 in every second year thereafter, the freemen of said city shall elect 
 by ballot from among their number, as prescribed by law, a mayor, 
 controller, treasurer, clerk, collector, city sheriff, and six aldermen 
 at large, who shall hold their respective offices for the term of two 
 years from and after the first week day of June next succeeding 
 their election. No person shall vote for more than four aldermen 
 at large at any election. 
 
 Sec. 4. Section seven of the charter of said city is hereby 
 amended to read as follows : In each of the wards of said city 
 which bears an odd number, the freemen thereof shall, on the third 
 Tuesday of April, 1902, and the third Tuesday of April in each 
 second year thereafter, elect by ballot, as prescribed by law, one 
 alderman, who shall hold office for the term of two years from and
 
 —120— 
 
 after the first week day of June next succeedinp^ his election. In 
 each of the wards of said city which hears an even numlxM", the 
 freemen thereof shall, on the third Tuesday of April, 1903, and 
 on the third Tuesday of April in each second year thereafter, elect 
 by ballot, as prescribed by law, one alderman, who shall hold office 
 for a term of two years from and after the first week day of 
 June next succeeding^ his election. 
 
 Sec. 5. Section eight of the charter of said city is hereby 
 repealed. 
 
 Sec. 6. Section ten of the charter of said city is hereby 
 amended to read as follows: The Mayor shall be chief executive 
 officer of the city, and shall be at least thirty years of age. He 
 shall have been a legal voter and resident of the city for the five 
 years immediately preceding his election, and shall reside in the 
 city during his term of office. Whenever there shall be a vacancy 
 in the office of mayor, or whenever the mayor shall be prevented 
 by absence from the city, by illness, or by any other cause, from 
 attending to the duties of his office, the president of the board of 
 aldermen, and in his absence such president pro tempore as the 
 board of aldermen may elect, shall act as mayor until the mayor or 
 such president of the board of aldermen, as the case may be, is 
 again able to assume the duties of his office or until the vacancy 
 shall be filled by election, and said acting mayor shall have all the 
 rights, powers, and duties of said mayor, except the powers of 
 appointment and removal, until the vacancy is filled or the mayor 
 is again able to act. 
 
 Sec. 7. Section forty-one of the charter of said city is hereby 
 amended to read as follows : There shall be in said city a depart- 
 ment of finance, which shall be under the control of a board con- 
 sisting of the mayor, who shall be its presiding officer, the con- 
 troller, two aldermen, who shall be elected by the board of alder- 
 men in the month of June in each year, and three citizens, none 
 of whom shall hold any other office in said city government, and 
 to be appointed as hereafter provided ; but said elections and 
 appointments shall be so made that not more than four members of 
 said board shall at any time belong to the same political party. 
 The necessary expenses of said board shall be paid by the city, but 
 no member of the board shall be paid for his services. 
 
 Sec. 8. Section eighty-seven of the charter of said city is hereby 
 amended to read as follows : The three citizen commissioners of
 
 —121— 
 
 East Rock park aforesaid shall hold their respective positions, and 
 their successors shall be appointed, pursuant to the provisions of 
 the act incorporating- East Rock park in the city of New Haven, 
 passed at the January session, 1880, and amendments thereto. The 
 citizens appointed as park commissioners by the mayor, under the 
 act of 1897, shall continue to hold office during the terms for which 
 they were appointed, unless sooner removed for cause in accordance 
 with the provisions of the charter of the city of New Haven ; and 
 in the month of December, 1899, and in each December thereafter, 
 the mayor shall appoint one citizen as a park commissioner, to hold 
 office for three years from the first day of January next following. 
 In the month of May, 1902, and in every second May thereafter, 
 the mayor shall appoint two aldermen to be park commissioners 
 during their term of office. No park commissioner shall be re- 
 moved except by a vote of the board, but the mayor may fill any 
 vacancy that may occur, except among the commissioners of East 
 Rock park, by appointment of the same character for the unex- 
 pired term. 
 
 Sec. 9. Section ninety-nine of the charter of said city is hereby 
 amended to read as follows : There shall be in said city a depart- 
 ment of the public library, which shall be under the management 
 and control of a board of library directors. Said board of direc- 
 tors shall have charge of all the property of said city used for the 
 purposes of said library, and shall direct the expenditures of all 
 money placed at its disposal by the city, from whatever source 
 derived. Said board shall consist of nine directors, who shall be 
 residents of said city and serve without pay. The members of 
 said board of directors holding office when this act takes effect 
 shall continue to hold their respective offices until the term for 
 which they were appointed shall expire, unless sooner removed for 
 cause in accordance with the provisions of the charter of said city. 
 In January, 1900, and in every third year thereafter, the mayor 
 shall appoint one director, who shall hold office for three years 
 from the date of his appointment; and in January, 1901, and every 
 third year thereafter, and in January, 1902, and every third year 
 thereafter, the mayor shall appoint three directors to hold office for 
 three years from the date of their appointment. In January, 
 1902, and annually in said month thereafter, the mayor shall also 
 appoint two directors of said library to hold office for the re-
 
 —122— 
 
 maindcr of said year, who shall be members of the board of alder- 
 men. 
 
 Sec. 10. The assistant city clerk of said city shall be clerk of 
 the board of aldermen and make true and rec^ular entries of all 
 votes and proceeding's of the said board of aldermen. 
 
 Sec 11. Section one hundred and twenty-nine of the charter 
 of said city is hereby amended to read as follows: No by-law or 
 ordinance shall be put upon its passage in the board of aldermen 
 until it shall have been printed for examination, and no by-law or 
 ordinance shall be put upon its passage until it shall have been 
 referred to and reported by a suitable committee after a public 
 hearing. No other vote, resolution, or measure, except reports 
 from the director of public works concerning assessments, shall be 
 put upon its passage, except by unanimous consent, until it shall 
 have been referred to and reported by a suitable committee after a 
 public hearing, nor until, after the report of such committee, it 
 has been twice read to said board. But the second reading of such 
 vote, resolution, or measure shall not take place until at least one 
 week has elapsed from the time of the first reading, unless the 
 mayor shall send to said board a special message reciting that the 
 particular vote, resolution, or measure is of an emergency nature 
 and that immediate action is necessary, in which event such second 
 reading may take place upon the same day of the original reading, 
 and the printing of the same be dispensed with. Every such vote, 
 resolution, or measure shall, after the same has been reported by an 
 appropriate committee, be printed for examination at the request 
 of one-fifth of the members present, except in the instance of an 
 emergency message from the mayor. No ordinance shall be of 
 force or effect until it shall have been published at least three times 
 in all of the daily papers published in said city, nor until one week 
 after its enactment. 
 
 Sec. 12. This act shall be a public act, and all words, phrases, 
 acts"^ or parts of acts, public or private, inconsistent herewith are 
 hereby repealed so far as the effect upon this act is concerned ; but 
 no acts hitherto repealed shall be revived by such repeal. No 
 rights, privileges, or immunities vested in said city or in any person 
 against said city shall be deemed to be impaired by such repeal, 
 and all actions brought against said city, or prosecutions for the 
 breach of any ordinance or by-law, shall be proceeded with as 
 though this act had not been passed. All ofifenses committed or
 
 —123— 
 
 penalties incurred shall be prosecuted as though this act had not 
 been passed. Said repeal shall not affect any act done or right 
 allowed unless by law otherwise provided. All lawful city ordi- 
 nances and any regulations or by-laws of said city in force and not 
 inconsistent herewith are hereby continued in effect until the same 
 shall be duly amended by competent authority ; provided, that all 
 such ordinances, regulations, and by-laws shall be deemed to be and 
 hereby are amended so as to confer upon the proper officers and 
 boards the power and authority and duties that are hereby conferred 
 or imposed upon them. And all powers and authority conferred 
 'by the ordinances now in force upon the court of common council 
 are hereby conferred upon and vested in the board of aldermen. 
 
 Sec 13. Sections three, four, five, eight, and nine of this act 
 shall take effect from its passage. All the other sections of this 
 act shall take effect on the first week day of June. 1902. 
 
 Approved, June 14, 1901. 
 
 An Act Amending the Charter of the City of New Haven 
 AND Providing for Biennial Elections of City Officers. 
 
 Section 1. Section six of the charter of the city of New Haven 
 is hereby amended to read as follows : On the first Monday of Oc- 
 tober, 1907, and on the first ^Monday of October in every second 
 year thereafter, the freemen of said city shall elect by ballot from 
 among their number, as prescribed by law, a mayor, controller, 
 treasurer, clerk, collector, city sheriff", and six aldermen at large, 
 who shall hold their respective offices for the term of two years from 
 and after the first week day of January next succeeding their elec- 
 tion. No person shall vote for more than four aldermen at large at 
 any election. 
 
 Sec. 2. Section seven of said charter is hereby amended to read 
 as follows. In each of the wards of said city which bears an odd 
 number the freemen thereof shall, on the Tuesday after the first 
 Monday of November, 1906, elect by ballot as prescribed by law, 
 one alderman who shall hold office for the term of one year from 
 and after the first week day of January next succeeding his election. 
 In each of the wards of said city the freemen thereof shall, on the 
 first Monday of October, 1907, and on the first Monday of October 
 in each second vear thereafter, elect by ballot as prescribed by law
 
 one alderman who shall hold office for the term of two years from 
 and after the first week day of January next succeeding his election. 
 
 Sec. 3. The alderman elected in each of the wards of said city 
 which hears an odd number, whose term of office would, except for 
 this provision, expire on the first week day of June, 1906, shall hold 
 office until the first week day of January, 1907. The alderman 
 elected in each of the wards of said city which bears an even num- 
 ber, whose term of office would, except for this provision, expire on 
 the first week day of June, 1907, shall hold office until the first week 
 day of January, 1908. The mayor, controller, treasurer, clerk, col- 
 lector, city sherifT, and six aldermen at large, whose terms of office 
 would, except for this provision, expire on the first week day of 
 June, 1907, shall hold their respective offices until the first week 
 day of January, 1908. 
 
 Sec. 4. The following officers of said city appointed by the 
 mayor, and whose terms of office would, except for this provision, 
 expire July 1, 1907, shall hold their respective offices until Feb- 
 ruary 1, 1908, namely: the corporation counsel, the superintendent 
 of charities and correction, and the other two members of the board 
 of charities and correction. 
 
 Sec. 5. The following officers of said city appointed by the 
 mayor prior to June 1, 1906, shall continue to hold their respective 
 offices for the six months next following the date on which their 
 terms would, except for this provision, have expired, namely : each 
 of the citizen members of the board of finance, each of the members 
 of the board of police commissioners, each of the members of the 
 board of fire commissioners, the director of public works, each of the 
 members of the board of health, each of the members of the board 
 of assessors, each of the members of the board of relief, and each 
 of the members of the bureau of compensation. 
 
 Sec. 6. The following officers of said city appointed by the 
 mayor prior to June 1, 1907, for the term during which such mayor 
 was elected, shall continue to hold their respective offices until Jan- 
 uary 1, 1908, and until their successors are appointed and duly 
 qualified, namely : the assistant corporation counsel, the superinten- 
 dent of streets, and the superintendent of sewers. 
 
 Sec. 7. Section fifteen of said charter is hereby amended by strik- 
 ing out the word and figures "June, 1901," in the ninth line and in- 
 inserting in lieu thereof the word and figures "January, 1908," so 
 striking out the word "July," in the eleventh line thereof and in-
 
 —125— 
 
 serting in lieu thereof the word ''February," so that the said sen- 
 tence of said section shall read as follows : In the month of January, 
 1908, the mayor shall and in every second January thereafter the 
 mayor may appoint such corporation counsel, to serve for two years 
 from the first day of February next after his appointment and until 
 his successor is chosen and has duly qualified. 
 
 Sec. 8. Section eighteen of said charter is hereby amended by 
 striking out the word and figures "June, 1901," in the first line and 
 inserting in lieu thereof the word and figures "January. 1908," so 
 that said section as amended shall read as follows : During the 
 month of January, 1908, and biennially thereafter, the mayor shall 
 appoint an assistant corporation counsel to hold office during the 
 term for which said mayor shall have been elected and until the 
 successor of such assistant corporation counsel shall be appointed 
 and duly qualified, who shall perform such services as directed by 
 the corporation counsel, and shall attend to the collection of unpaid 
 taxes, liens, and other indebtedness due the city. 
 
 Sec. 9. Section thirty-six of said charter is hereby amended by 
 striking out the words "June in each year" in the second line and 
 inserting in lieu thereof the words "January, 1907, and of each 
 year thereafter," so that the first sentence of said section as amended 
 shall read as follows: The court of common council shall, during 
 the month of January, 1907, and of each year thereafter, appoint an 
 assistant city clerk, who, after having taken the oath or affirmation 
 provided by law for the clerk of said city, shall, in the absence or 
 disability of said clerk, have power to perform all the duties of said 
 clerk. Said section thirty-six is also amended by adding at the end 
 thereof the following: "The assistant city clerk in office May 31, 
 1906, shall continue to hold his office until January 1, 1907." 
 
 Sec. 10. Section thirty-nine of said charter is hereby amended to 
 read as follows: The mayor's secretary in office May 31, 1907, shall 
 continue to hold his office until the first week day of January, 1908. 
 During the month of January, 1908, and biennially thereafter, the 
 mayor shall appoint a secretary who shall be under the direction of 
 the mayor. In addition to his duties as secretary to the mayor, he 
 shall perform such other duties as may be by ordinance prescribed. 
 
 Sec. 11. Section forty-one of said charter as amended is hereby 
 amended to read as follows : There shall be in said city a depart- 
 ment of finance, which shall be under the control of a board con- 
 sisting of the mayor, who shall be its presiding officer, the con-
 
 — 126— 
 
 troller, ami. after June 1. 1904, one alderman, who shall he elected 
 by the board of aldermen in the month of January, 1007, and each 
 year thereafter, and six citizens, none of whom shall hold any other 
 oflfice in said city £;"overnment. and to be appointed as hereafter pro- 
 vided ; but said elections and appointments shall be so made that not 
 more than five members of said board shall at any time belong to the 
 same political party. The necessary expenses of said board shall 
 be paid by the city, but no member of the board shall be paid for 
 his services. The aldermen elected by the board of aldermen to be 
 a member of the board of finance of said city, and who shall be serv- 
 ing as such member of the board of finance on ]\Iay 31, 1906, shall 
 continue to be a member of the board of finance until January 1, 
 1907. 
 
 Sec. 12. Section forty-three of said charter as amended by an 
 act approved June 22, 1903, is hereby amended to read as follows : 
 In the month of January, 1907, and in each January thereafter, the 
 mayor shall appoint three citizen members of said board for a term 
 of two years from the first day of February next succeeding. 
 
 Sec. 13. Section forty-eight of said charter is hereby amended 
 to read as follows : During the month of January, 1907, and in 
 each January thereafter, the mayor shall appoint two members of 
 said board for a term of three years from the first day of February 
 next succeeding. No more than three members of said board shall 
 at any one time belong to the same political party. 
 
 Sec. 14. Section fifty-six of said charter is hereby amended to 
 read as follows : During the month of January, 1907, and in Jan- 
 uary of each year thereafter, the mayor shall appoint for a term of 
 three years from the first day of February next succeeding such 
 number of commissioners as may be necessary to fill vacancies aris- 
 ing by reason of the expiration of terms. Not more than three 
 members of said board shall at any one time belong to one political 
 party. Whenever a vacancy shall hereafter exist in the office of 
 chief the mayor shall appoint a new chief, who shall only be remov- 
 able as provided for other appointees of the mayor. The present 
 superintendent of the fire department of the city of New Haven 
 shall be and remain subject to the provisions of said charter, the 
 chief of the fire department of the city of New Haven. 
 
 Sec. 15. Section seventy-three of said charter as amended by an 
 act approved June 10, 1901, is hereby amended by striking out the 
 word and figures "June, 1901," and inserting in lieu thereof the
 
 —127— 
 
 word and figures "January, 1908," so that the last sentence of said 
 section as amended shall read as follows: During the month of 
 January, 1908, and biennially thereafter, the mayor shall appoint a 
 director of public works to hold office during the term for which 
 said mayor shall have been elected and until the successor of such 
 director shall be appointed and duly qualified. 
 
 Sec. 16. Section seventy-five of said charter as amended by an 
 act approved June 10. 1901, is hereby amended by striking out 
 the word and figures "June, 1901," and inserting in lieu thereof the 
 word and figures "January, 1908," so that the first sentence of said 
 section as amended shall read as follows : During the month of 
 January, 1908, and biennially thereafter, the mayor shall appoint all 
 heads of bureaus provided for in paragraphs one and two of section 
 seventy-six of the charter of said city to hold office during the term 
 for which said mayor shall have been elected and until their succes- 
 sors be appointed and duly qualified. 
 
 Sec. 17. Section seventy-six of said charter is hereby amended 
 in paragraph four thereof by striking out commencing in the seventh 
 line of said paragraph four the words "The members of the bureau 
 of compensation holding office wdien this act takes effect shall con- 
 tinue to hold office until the expiration of the terms for which they 
 were appointed, unless removed in accordance with the provisions 
 of this act ; and," and the remainder of said sentence is hereby 
 amended so that the last sentence of said paragraph four as 
 amended should read as follows : In the month of January, 1907, 
 and each January thereafter, the mayor shall appoint one member of 
 said bureau for a term of three years from the first day of February 
 next succeeding. 
 
 Sec. 18. Section eighty-seven of said charter is hereby amended 
 to read as follows : The three citizen commissioners of East Rock 
 park aforesaid shall hold their respective positions, and their suc- 
 cessors shall be appointed, pursuant to the provisions of the act in- 
 corporating East Rock park in the city of New Haven, passed at the 
 January session, 1880, and amendments thereto. And in the month 
 of January, 1906, and in each January thereafter, the mayor shall 
 appoint one citizen as a park commissioner, to hold ofiice for three 
 years from the first day of February next following. In the month 
 of January, 1907, and in every second January thereafter, the mayor 
 shall appoint two aldermen to be park commissioners during their 
 term of ofiice. No park commissioner shall be removed except by
 
 —128— 
 
 a vote of the board, Init the mayor may fill any vacancy that may 
 occur, except among- the commissioners of East Rock park, by an 
 appointment of the same character for the unexpired term. The 
 citizen members of the board of park commissioners who shall have 
 been appointed by the mayor prior to January 1, 1906, shall continue 
 to hold their respective offices for one month after the time when 
 their respective terms of office would, except for this provision, 
 have expired. 
 
 Sec. 19. Section ninety-three of said charter is hereby amended 
 in the last sentence thereof, so that said last sentence as amended 
 shall read as follows : In the month of January, 1907, and in every 
 January thereafter, the mayor shall appoint one member of said 
 board to hold office for a term of five years from the first day of 
 February next following his appointment. 
 
 Sec. 20. Section two hundred and one of said charter is hereby 
 amended by striking out commencing in the third line thereof the 
 words "All persons who are at present members of said board of 
 charities and correction shall continue to hold office during the terms 
 for which they were appointed unless they shall be sooner removed 
 for due cause according to the provisions of this act," and the sen- 
 tence next following is hereby amended to read as follows : Dur- 
 ing the month of January, 1908, and biennially thereafter, the mayor 
 shall appoint a board of three members to serve for a term of two 
 years from the first day of February following their appointment. 
 
 Sec. 21. Section two hundred and nine of said charter is hereby 
 amended by striking out the first sentence of said section and insert- 
 ing in lieu thereof the following: "The selectmen and constables 
 elected to hold office for one year from the first week day of June, 
 1905, shall continue to hold their respective offices until the first 
 week day of January, 1907. There shall be elected on the Tuesday 
 after the first Monday of November, 1906, and on the Tuesday 
 after the first Monday of November of every second year thereafter, 
 five selectmen and five constables, who shall hold office for one 
 year from the first week day in January next following their elec- 
 tion. There shall be elected on the first Monday of October, 1907, 
 and on the first jMonday of October in every second year thereafter, 
 five selectmen and five constables, who shall hold office for one year 
 from the first week day in January next following their election ; 
 provided, hozvcver, that if the certain proposed amendment to the 
 constitution concerning- the election of selectmen and officers of
 
 —129— 
 
 local police, which was passed in the house of representatives of the 
 general assembly, May 20, 1903, shall be finally adopted and become 
 effective, and if the electors of the town of New Haven shall so 
 determine, the selectmen and constables shall be elected biennially, 
 beginning with the election to be held the first Monday of October, 
 1907. and the selectmen and constables then and thereafter elected, 
 shall hold office for two years from the first week day in January next 
 succeeding their election, and there shall be no election of selectmen 
 or constables thereafter, excepting only in every second year after 
 1907. 
 
 Sec. 22. Section two hundred and ten of said charter is hereby 
 amended by striking out the first three sentences thereof, being all 
 that part of said section which precedes the words "the powers and 
 duties of said registrars" in the fifteenth and sixteenth lines and 
 inserting in lieu thereof the following: "The town clerk, the regis- 
 trar of vital statistics, the grand jurors, and the registrars of voters, 
 elected to hold office for two years from the first week day of June, 
 1905, shall continue to hold their respective offices until the first 
 week day of January, 1908. The city of New Haven shall, at the 
 election to be held on the first Monday of October, 1907, and bien- 
 nially thereafter, elect a town clerk for the town of New Haven, 
 who shall hold his office for the term of two years from the first 
 week day of January next succeeding his election, and shall perform 
 all the duties imposed by law upon the town clerks of other towns. 
 The city of New Haven shall, at the election to be held on the first 
 Monday of October. 1907, and biennially thereafter, elect a registrar 
 of vital statistics, grand jurors, and registrars of voters, each to 
 serve for two years from the first week day of January next suc- 
 ceding his election" ; also by striking out at the end of said section 
 the words "All elections in said town shall hereafter be held on the 
 third Tuesday of April in each }ear, beginning with the April elec- 
 tion, 1902." 
 
 Sec. 23. Section two hundred and eleven of said charter is 
 hereby amended by striking out the third sentence beginning with 
 the words "In the month of June. 1900," in the sixth line and in- 
 serting in lieu thereof the following : "In the month of Januar}'. 
 1907, and annually thereafter, the mayor shall appoint one assessor 
 to serve for five years from the first day of February next follow- 
 ing his appointment."
 
 —ISO- 
 Sec. 24. Section two hundred and twelve of said charter is 
 hereby amended by striking- out the third sentence beginning with 
 the words "In the month of June, 1^00," in the sixth line and in- 
 serting in lieu thereof the following: "In the month of January, 
 1907, and annually thereafter, the mayor shall appoint one member 
 of the board of relief to serve for three years from the first day of 
 February next following his appointment." 
 
 Sec. 25. Section 165 of an act revising the charter of the city of 
 New Haven, approved June 20, 1899, is hereby amended by substi- 
 tuting in the second sentence thereof for the words "an assistant 
 clerk" the words "two assistant clerks," so that said section when 
 so amended shall read as follow^s: The judge and associate judge 
 of said court shall be appointed by the general assembly and shall 
 severally hold office for the term of two years from and after the 
 first day of April following their appointment and until their re- 
 spective successors shall have duly qualified. The judge of said 
 court shall appoint a city attorney, an assistant city attorney, a clerk, 
 and two assistant clerks of said court, each of whom may be re- 
 moved by said judge for cause, and each of whom shall hold office 
 during the term of the judge appointing him, unless sooner removed 
 and until his successor is duly appointed and has qualified. The 
 judge and associate judge shall take the oath provided by law for 
 judicial officers. No person who is not a resident and elector of 
 the city of New Haven shall hold any office in said court. No 
 official of said court shall act as attorney in either the civil or crim- 
 inal part of said court except in the discharge of his official duties. 
 Sec. 26. Section 167 of said act is hereby amended by substi- 
 tuting- in the first line thereof for the words "assistant clerk" the 
 words "the assistant clerks," and by striking out the last sentence 
 thereof and substituting- in the place thereof the following : "The 
 assistant clerks shall each have all the powers and may perform 
 all the duties of the clerk, subject to his direction," so that said 
 section when so amended shall read as follows : The clerk and the 
 assistant clerks shall each have all the powers and may perform all 
 the duties of the clerk, subject to his direction," so that said section 
 when so amended shall read as follows : The clerk and the assistant 
 clerks of said court shall take the oath prescribed for clerks of 
 courts in this state. Each of them shall execute a bond to said 
 city in the penal sum of five thousand dollars, in form and with 
 security satisfactory to the board of finance of said city, condi-
 
 —131— 
 
 tioned for the faithful performance of his duties according!^ to law, 
 and said bonds shall be deposited with the controller. P.ut no per- 
 son or corporation shall be accepted by said board of finance as a 
 surety on such bonds except as authorized in section 159 of this 
 charter. The assistant clerks shall each have all the powers and 
 may perform all the duties of the clerk, subject to his direction. 
 
 Sec. 27. This act shall take efifect from its passage. 
 
 Approved. July 6, 1905. 
 
 Relating to Registration of A'oters in New Haven and Dan- 
 bury WHO are Inmates of the Almshouses in said towns. 
 
 All electors entitled to vote at any election in the cities or towns 
 of New Haven and Danbury, who are inmates of the almshouses 
 in either of said places, except the paid employes of said munici- 
 palities at said almshouses, shall be registered on the list of electors 
 for and vote as residents of their last place of registration in said 
 towns prior to becoming inmates of said almshouses. 
 
 Approved, May 14, 1901. 
 
 An Act Concerning Military Enrollment in the City and 
 Town of New Haven. 
 
 Sec. 1. All duties imposed upon the selectmen by the general 
 statutes in regard to military enrollment shall be performed in the 
 town of New Haven by the court of common council of the city 
 of New Haven, or by some persons by them duly authorized. 
 
 Sec. 2. The military enrollment taken for the year 1899, by the 
 person appointed by the court of common council of the city of Ne\v 
 Haven for that purpose, shall be taken and received as the military 
 enrollment for the city and town of New Haven for that year. 
 
 Sec. 3. This act shall take effect from its passage. 
 
 Approved, March 2, 1899. 
 
 An Act Concerning the Board of Health in the City of 
 
 New Haven. 
 
 All orders, rules, and regulations passed by the board of health in 
 the city of New Haven shall hereafter control and govern all of 
 the fifteen wards in the city of New Haven. 
 
 Approved, April 19, 1899.
 
 —132— 
 
 SINKING FUND COMMISSION. 
 An Act Amending the Charter of the City of New Haven. 
 
 Sec. 1. There shall be in the city of New Haven a commission 
 which shall be know as the Sinking- Fund Commission. 
 
 Sec. 2. Said commission shall consist of three members, to be 
 appointed by the mayor, and of those first appointed as members 
 of said commission one shall be appointed to serve for three years, 
 one for six years, and one for nine years, and at the expiration of 
 the term of each one of said commissioners, and every three years 
 thereafter, the mayor shall appoint one member to serve for nine 
 years. All appointments to said commission shall be made from 
 among those persons who have had not less than ten years' ex- 
 perience as directors, trustees, or officials of national, state, or 
 savings banks of said city. The mayor may fill any vacancy 
 which may occur for the unexpired term ; but no member of said 
 commission shall be appointed to succeed himself. 
 
 Sec. 3. The floating indebtedness of the city of New Haven 
 shall be retired by an issue of bonds, which bonds shall be regis- 
 tered and non-taxable. 
 
 Sec. 4. All sinking funds in existence, and all sums of money 
 belonging thereto, shall be transferred to the sinking fund com- 
 mission, who shall keep all funds transferred to them intact for the 
 purposes for which said sinkmg funds were created, and apply all 
 money transferred and all that may be added to each of said funds 
 for the purposes and in the manner provided by the act creating 
 such sinking fund. 
 
 Sec. 5. The board of finance shall annually appropriate the 
 proceeds of a tax of not less than one-half of one mill on the grand 
 list of the city of New Haven, and such proceeds shall be paid 
 by the tax collector to the sinking fund commission in September 
 of each year so far as it shall have been collected, and as fast as 
 the taxes are collected thereafter the tax collector shall pay to said 
 commission the proceeds of one-half of one mill on the list of each 
 person who shall pay his tax after said date. 
 
 Sec. 6. Said board of finance in making appropriations shall 
 each year take into account the amount of bonds to mature, and 
 each year shall make the appropriations so much greater than the 
 proceeds of the tax of one-half of one mill as in their judgment is 
 consistent with the welfare of the city, but in no year shall said board 
 appropriate the proceeds of a tax greater than one mill.
 
 —133— 
 
 Sec. 7. Said commission shall apply all available funds under 
 its control to the payment of all city. town, and school district 
 bonds as they may mature, investing and holdingf any unexpended 
 funds to pay any bonds that may subsequently mature. 
 
 Sec. 8. Said commission, when it does not have sufficient funds 
 to meet bonds maturing at a given date, shall make written request 
 to the controller to refund such bonds which cannot be paid at 
 maturity, and the controller of the city of New Haven shall have 
 power after said request has received the written approval of the 
 mayor, to issue new bonds to refund those maturing as aforesaid, 
 on such terms as shall be approved by the board of finance, and 
 all premiums derived from the sale of such bonds shall be applied 
 to the sinking fund. 
 
 Sec. 9. All bonds issued under this act shall be issued under 
 the direction of the board of finance, and their proceeds shall not 
 become availabJe until such proceeds shall have been regularly ap- 
 propriated by the board of finance in the same manner as current 
 income. 
 
 Sec. 10. All appropriations that may be made, and all taxes laid 
 under the provisions of this act. shall be subject to the control of 
 the court of common council in the same way and manner and to 
 the same extent as are other taxes and appropriations. 
 
 Sec. 11. Nothing herein contained shall authorize the issuing 
 of bonds without the authority of the general assembly. 
 
 Approved, April 28, 1899. 
 
 An Act Amending the Charter of the City of New Haven 
 Concerning the Abatement of Taxes. 
 
 Section 1. There shall be in the city of New Haven a com- 
 mittee which shall be known as the tax committee. 
 
 Sec. 2. Said committee shall consist of the following mem- 
 bers : The mayor, ex officio, the controller, ex officio, the assistant 
 corporation counsel, ex officio, one member of the board of alder- 
 men to be elected by said board of aldermen, and three other citi- 
 zens to be appointed by the mayor. 
 
 Sec. 3. Said committee is hereby authorized to direct as to 
 the settlement, compromise, adjustment, correction, or abatement of 
 any claim for taxes or assessments which now appears on the
 
 —13 
 
 books of the tax collector of New Haven to be due to the city of 
 New Haven, including interest and cost of liens. 
 
 Sec. 4. It shall be the duty of said tax collector to settle, com- 
 promise, adjust, correct, or abate such claims in accordance with 
 such direction, and it shall be the duty of the controller to adjust 
 his accounts in accordance with such direction. 
 
 Sec. 5. No deduction or abatement shall be made by said tax 
 committee on the ground that the property on which said tax was 
 laid was assessed at too high a valuation. 
 
 Sec. 6. No deduction or abatement made or directed to be 
 made by said committee shall have any effect unless signed by at 
 least five of the members of said committee. 
 
 Sec. 7. The city clerk shall be, ex officio, the clerk of said com- 
 mittee. He shall keep, in a book kept for that purpose, a complete 
 and systematic record of all deductions and abatements made by 
 said committee, and shall transmit promptly to said 'tax collector a 
 copy of the same. 
 
 Sec. 8. Neither the clerk nor any member of said committee 
 shall receive any pay for his services. 
 
 Sec. 9. The term of said committee shall be from July 1, 1905, 
 to July 1, 1907. 
 
 Sec. 10. Any vacancy in said committee shall be filled in the 
 same manner as that in which the previous incumbent was selected. 
 
 Sec. 11. This act shall take effect from its passage. 
 
 Approved, April 19, 1905. 
 
 Incorporating ''The Trustees of the Old Almshouse Farm 
 OF the Town of New Haven."" 
 
 Sec. 1. That Gardner Morse, Wyllys Peck and Henry White, 
 be, and hereby are, with their successors, constituted a body 
 politic and corporate by the name and style of "The Trustees of the 
 old Almshouse Farm of New Haven," and by that name and style, 
 they and their successors shall be and remain a body politic and cor- 
 porate forever. 
 
 Sec. 2. Said corporation is formed for the purpose of more 
 conveniently and efficiently carrying out and performing the duties 
 and trusts contained and specified in a certain deed of trust made 
 and executed to the above named corporators and their heirs, by 
 the selectmen of the town of New Haven, dated November 22d,
 
 —135— 
 
 1852, and recorded in volume 140 of records of conveyances of said 
 town, page 501, etc. 
 
 Sec. 3. The legal title to the lands contained and specified in 
 said deed of trust, which now remain unsold in the hands of the 
 said trustees, is hereby vested in the corporation above created, and 
 said trustees are hereby authorized and empowered to execute 
 any and all such deeds of conveyance to said corporation, as may 
 be necessary for the purpose of perfecting the title of said corpora- 
 tion in and to said lands. 
 
 Sec. 4. Said corporation shall hold and possess said lands, in ail 
 respects subject to the trusts and condition:^ contained and specified 
 in said deed of trusts, and not otherwise. 
 
 Sec. 5. There shall always be appointed three corporators of 
 said corporation, and whenever a vacancy shall occur, by death, 
 resignation or removal, of any corporator, his place shall be filled 
 by the appointment of a successor by the judge of probate of the 
 town of New Haven, upon the nomination of the selectmen of 
 said town for the then time being. 
 
 Sec. 6. The judge of probate aforesaid shall have power to 
 remove a corporator upon the application of the selectmen of the 
 said town, and upon due cause shown before him, said corporator 
 being duly cited to appear and contest such application. 
 
 Sec. 7. The corporation hereby created shall be a person in 
 law, capable of sueing and being sued, pleading and being im- 
 pleaded, in all suits of what nature soever; and also of holding and 
 conveying real estate, and investing the rents, profits and proceeds 
 thereof, for the purpose mentioned in the second section of this 
 act ; and may have a common seal, and may change and alter the 
 same at pleasure. 
 
 Sec. 8. Said corporation may appoint, of its own members, from 
 time to time, a president, secretary and treasurer, and may adopt 
 such rules and regulations for the management of the trust prop- 
 erty, consistent with the provisions of the trust deed, as they may 
 see fit. 
 
 Sec. 9. The support, maintenance and relief of the entire poor 
 of the town of New Haven, so far as the same shall devolve upon 
 said town, shall hereafter be conducted by the selectmen of 
 said town, through the almshouse, whether such poor shall reside 
 in the almshouse building, or elsewhere ; and the selectmen shall 
 have power to make all needful rules and regulations for that pur- 
 pose, in their discretion.
 
 — 13(^- 
 
 Sec. 10. This act shall take effect from and after its passage. 
 Approved. June 6. 1867. 
 
 Amending the Charter of the Old Almshouse Farm of 
 
 New Haven. 
 
 Sec. 1. That whenever the town of New Haven, at a town 
 meeting duly warned and held for that purpose shall vote to change 
 the terms of the trusts connected with the funds derived from the 
 sale of the old almshouse farm, by directing that the income thereof 
 be devoted to the maintenance and improvement of the town and 
 city parks of New Haven, The Trustees of the Old Alms House 
 Farm of New Haven, the trustee of said funds, shall conform 
 to such change in the trusts, and shall hold and use said income in 
 such manner as may be directed by such vote. 
 
 Sec. 2. Any payment or payments that may be made under 
 such vote of the town shall not be construed as preventing the 
 town of New Haven from making an annual appropriation of ten 
 thousand dollars for the uses and purposes of the New Haven 
 commission of public parks, as now provided by law. 
 
 Sec. 3. The receipt of the treasurer of the New Haven commis- 
 sion of public parks shall be a sufficient discharge for The Trus- 
 tees of the Old Almshouse Farm of New Haven for the payment 
 of said income and its appropriation for the uses aforesaid. 
 
 Sec. 4. The selectmen of New Haven shall call a town meet- 
 ing to vote and determine whether said trusts shall be changed in 
 manner as aforesaid, within ten days after receiving a request to 
 call such meeting, signed by fifty voters and taxpayers of the town. 
 
 Sec. 5. So much of the act incorporating The Trustees of the 
 Old Almshouse Farm of New Haven, approved June 6, 1867, and 
 so much of all acts amending said act of incorporation, passed since 
 said date, as are inconsistent herewith, are hereby repealed. 
 
 Approved, April 2, 1897. 
 
 Concerning The Trustees of the Old Almshouse Farm of 
 
 New Haven. 
 
 Sec. 1. That the powers, rights, and duties of the selectmen 
 of the town of New Haven, in reference to sales, conveyances, and 
 other transactions of The Trustees of the Old Almshouse Farm of
 
 —137— 
 
 New Haven, a corporation chartered by this assembly. June 6, 1867, 
 are hereby continued in force, an\tliinj^ in the charter of the city 
 of New Haven, or in an act passed by this assembly at its January 
 session in 18*^V. entitled "An Act to Consolidate the Governments 
 of the City and Town of New Haven." to the contrary notwith- 
 standing. 
 
 Sec. 2. All sales of land, conveyances, and other transactions 
 of said corporation requiring the consent and concurrence of the 
 selectmen of said town, and which have received the same, since the 
 7th day of December, 1897, are hereby ratified, validated, and con- 
 firmed. 
 
 Sec. 3. All acts and parts of acts inconsistent herewith are 
 hereby repealed. 
 
 Approved, April 19, 1899. 
 
 An Act Establishing a Commission on Public A'Iemorials. 
 
 There shall be in said city a commission on public memorials to 
 consist of three citizens, to be nominated by the mayor and con- 
 firmed by the board of aldermen, each to hold office for the term 
 of three years. When this act shall take effect the mayor shall nom- 
 inate three members of said commission, one for the term of three 
 years from the first day of July, 1905, one for the term of two years 
 from the first day of July, 1905, and one for the term of one year 
 from the first day of July, 1905, and thereafter shall nominate one 
 member of such commission during the month of June in each 
 year for the term of three years from the first day of July follow- 
 ing. The members of said commission shall be chosen from such 
 citizens as are especially qualified, by travel, training, and taste, 
 to exercise an intelligent judgment in respect to the matters to be 
 submitted to them. After this act shall take effect all projects for 
 the erection of any public statue, monument, or other memorial on 
 the outside of any city building, or upon any public grounds in or 
 belonging to said city, shall be referred to said commission, and 
 no such memorial shall be erected until its style, design, and ma- 
 terial shall have been approved by said commission. 
 
 Approved, June 13, 1905.
 
 — 138— 
 An Act Concerning Tenement Houses. 
 
 Section 1. This act may be cited as the Tenement House Act, 
 and its provisions shall apply to all cities of over twenty thousand 
 inhabitants, at the time of the most recent United States census 
 and shall also apply to any city or borough of less than twenty 
 thousand inhal^itants if the common council of such city or the 
 board of burgesses of such borough shall by ordinance provide 
 that said act shall so apply to such city or borough. 
 
 Sec. 2. Certain words used in this act are defined, for the 
 purpose of this act, as follows : ( 1 ) A tenement house is any 
 house or building, or portion thereof, which is rented, leased, let, 
 or hired out, to be occupied, or is arranged or designed to be oc- 
 cupied, or is occupied as, the home or residence of three families 
 or more, living nidependently of each other, and doing their cook- 
 ing upon the premises, and having a common right in the halls, 
 stairways, or yards. (2) A yard is an open unoccupied ■ space 
 on the same lot with a tenement house, between the extreme rear 
 line of the house and rear line of the lot. (3) A court is an 
 open unoccupied space, other than a yard, on the same lot with 
 a tenement house ; a court not extending to the street or yard is 
 an inner court ; a court extending to the street or yard is an outer 
 court; if it extends to the street it is a street court; if it extends 
 to the yard it is a yard court. (4) A public hall is a hall, cor- 
 ridor, or passageway not within an apartment. (5) A basement 
 is a story partly, but not more than one-half below the level of the 
 grade. (6) A cellar is a story more than one-half below the level of 
 the grade. (7) The word "shall" is mandatory and not directory, 
 and denotes that the house shall be maintained in all respects ac- 
 cording to the mandate, as long as it continues to be a tenement 
 house. (8) In determining the /number of stories in a tenement 
 house, a basement or an attic shall be counted as a story if it is oc- 
 cupied or designed to be occupied for living purposes. 
 
 Sec. 3. No tenement house hereafter erected shall occupy 
 more than ninety per centum of a corner lot, or more than seventy- 
 five per centum of any other lot less than sixty feet in depth, or 
 more than seventy per centum of any other lot sixty feet or more 
 in depth ; provided, that the space occupied by fire escapes shall not 
 be deemed a part of the lot occupied. For the purposes of 
 this section the measurements shall be taken at the ground level,
 
 —139— 
 
 except that wliere such a buildinc^ has no basement, and the cellar 
 ceiling is not more than three feet above the grade level, the meas- 
 urements as to the percentage of the lot occupied may be taken 
 at the level of the second tier of beams. The provisions of this 
 section shall not apply to a tenement house hereafter erected run- 
 ning through from one street to another street; provided, that 
 the lot on which such house is situated does not exceed one hun- 
 dred feet in depth. 
 
 Sec. 4. Behind every tenement house hereafter erected, un- 
 less the house extends through from one street to another street, 
 there shall be a yard extending across the 'entire width of the lot 
 and, except upon a corner lot, at every point open from the ground 
 to the sky unobstructed; but fire escapes or unenclosed outside 
 stairs may project not over five feet from the rear line of the 
 house. The depth of said yard, measured from the extreme rear 
 wall of the house to the rear line of the lot, shall be as set forth 
 in sections five and six of this act. 
 
 Sec. 5. Except upon a corner lot, the depth of the yard be- 
 hind every tenement house hereafter erected, two stories in height, 
 shall be not less than ten feet in every part; and said yard shall 
 be increased in depth one foot for every additional story above 
 two stories in the height of the building. 
 
 Sec. 6. The depth of the yard behind every tenement house 
 hereafter erected upon a corner lot shall be not less than ten feet 
 in every part; provided, that where such lot is less than one hun- 
 dred feet in depth, the depth of the yard may be not less than 
 ten per centum of the depth of such lot, but shall never be less 
 than five feet in every part, nor less than the minimum width of 
 an outer court on the lot line as prescribed by section eight. Where 
 a tenement house hereafter erected on a corner lot has no base- 
 ment, and the cellar ceiling is not more than three feet above the 
 grade level, said yard may start at the level of the second tier of 
 beams. Where a corner lot is more than fifty feet in width, the 
 yard for that portion in excess of fifty feet shall conform to the 
 provisions of section five of this act. 
 
 Sec. 7. No court of a tenement house hereafter erected shall 
 be covered by a roof or skylight, but every such court shall be 
 at every point open from the ground to the sky unobstructed. 
 
 Sec. 8. Where one side of an outer court is situated on the 
 lot line, the width of the said court, measured from the lot line
 
 —140— 
 
 to the opposite wall of the huilding^, for tenement honses hereafter 
 erected, shall be not less than four feet in any part, for houses 
 two stories in height ; and for every additional story above the 
 two stories in the heig^ht of the said buildinp^, such width shall be 
 increased six inches throu.e;-hout the entire heiji^ht of said court ; 
 but this requirement shall not prevent a building from approach- 
 ing nearer the lot line; provided, that no room in the building ob- 
 tains its light or ventilation from windows opening upon such 
 narrower court. 
 
 Sec. 9. Where an outer court is situated between wings or 
 parts of the same building, or between dififerent buildings on the 
 same lot, the width of the said court, measured from wall to 
 wall, for tenement houses hereafter erected two stories in height, 
 shall be not less 'than eight feet in any part; and for every ad- 
 ditional story above two stories in the height of the said building, 
 such width shall be increased one foot throughout the entire height 
 of the said court. 
 
 Sec. 10. Where one side of an inner court, is situated on the 
 lot line, the width of the said court, measured from the lot line 
 to the opposite w^all of the building, for tenement houses hereafter 
 erected two stories in height, shall be not less than five feet in 
 any part, and the other horizontal dimension shall be not less than 
 ten feet in any part ; and for every additional story above two 
 stories in the height of the said building, such width shall be in- 
 creased one foot throughout the entire height of said court, and 
 the other horizontal dimension shall be increased two feet through- 
 out the entire height of said court. 
 
 Sec. 11. Where an inner court is not situated upon the lot 
 line, but is enclosed on all four sides, the least horizontal dimension 
 of the said court, for tenement houses hereafter erected two stories 
 in height, shall be not less than ten feet; and for every additional 
 story above two stories in the height of the said building, the said 
 court shall be increased two feet in each horizontal dimension 
 throughout the entire height of said court. 
 
 Sec. 12. Every inner court shall be provided with one or 
 more horizontal in-takes at the bottom. Such in-takes shall al- 
 ways communicate directly with the street or yard, and shall con- 
 sist of a passageway of not less than five square feet in area, 
 which shall be left open, or if not open there shall be provided in
 
 —141— 
 
 said passageway open grilles or transoms ; and such open grilles 
 or transoms shall not be covered over by glass or otherwise. 
 
 Sec. 13. In computing the size of courts and yards, and the 
 percentage of a lot which may be built upon, a mutual gangway 
 between two building lots shall be covinted as if divided equally 
 between the two adjacent lots. Nothing contained in the fore- 
 going sections concerning outer and inner courts shall be con- 
 strued as preventing windows at the angles of said courts ; pro- 
 vided, that the running length of the wall containing such win- 
 dows does not exceed six feet. Offsets or recesses in outer or 
 inner courts may be made ; provided, that the width of sucli oft'sets 
 or recesses shall in every case be equal to or greater than the 
 depth. When a tenement house hereafter erected has no basement, 
 the courts mentioned in the preceding sections may start at the 
 level of the second tier of beams. 
 
 Sec. 14. No separate tenement house shall hereafter be 
 erected upon the rear of a lot where there is a tenement house on 
 the front of the said lot, nor upon the front of any such lot upon 
 the rear of which there is such a tenement house, unless the dis 
 tance between the two tenement houses is at least thirty feet. 
 
 Sec. 15. In every tenement house hereafter erected every 
 room, except water-closet compartments and bathrooms, shall 
 have at least one window opening directly upon the street, or upon 
 a yard or court of the same lot, of the dimensions specified in 
 sections four to thirteen, inclusive, of this act ; and such windows 
 shall be so located as to properly light all portions of such rooms, 
 and shall have a total area in each room of at least one-eighth of 
 the area of the lioor of the room. 
 
 Sec. 16. In every tenement house hereafter erected, all rooms, 
 except water-closet compartments and bathrooms, shall be of the 
 following minimum sizes : in each apartment there shall be at 
 least one room containing not less than one hundred and twenty 
 square feet of floor area, and each other room shall contain at 
 least seventy square feet of floor area. Each room shall be in 
 ever}' part not less than eight feet six inches high from the finished 
 floor to the finished ceiling; provided, that an attic room need be 
 eight feet six inches high in but one-half of its area. 
 
 Sec. 17. In every tenement house hereafter erected, the pub- 
 lic hall upon each floor shall be provided with a window, or a 
 glazed door, opening to the street, the yard, or upon a court of
 
 —142— 
 
 tlie size prescribed in sections seven to thirteen, inclusive, of this 
 act, unless the hall is witliin three stories from the roof. In every 
 such tenement house three stories or more in hei,8:ht, where the 
 public hall upon the third floor from the roof is not provided with 
 an outside window or an mitside g^lazed door, there shall be a 
 stair-well extending: from this floor to the roof, said stair-well to 
 be at least twelve inches wide over this hall and at least ei,c^hteen 
 inches wide over the hall above. All doors leadiujc^ from public 
 halls not provided with outside windows, and more than two 
 stories below the. roof, shall be provided with translucent glass 
 panels of an area of not less than five square feet for each door, 
 or with fixed transoms of translucent g^lass of an area of not less 
 than five square feet over each door, or such hall shall be lighted by 
 an equivalent amount of translucent glass connecting w4th a 
 lighted room or rooms. Long and devious hallways shall have 
 such additional provisions as may be necessary to give adequate 
 light, subject to the approval of the building inspector. 
 
 Sec. 18. In ever}' tenement house hereafter erected, one at 
 least of the windows provided to light each public hall or part 
 thereof shall be at least ten square feet in area, measured between 
 the stop beads. In every such house where the public halls upon 
 each floor are not provided with windows opening directly to the 
 outer air, there shall be in the roofs, directly over each stair-well, 
 a ventilating skylight provided with ridge ventilators having a 
 minimum opening of forty square inches, or such skylight shall 
 be provided with fixed or movable louvres ; the glazed roof of such 
 skylight shall be not less than twenty square feet in area. 
 
 Sec. 19,. In every tenement house hereafter erected there 
 shall be a water-closet in each apartment of four or more rooms, 
 and at least one water-closet for every two apartments of less 
 than four rooms each. Each watercloset shall be in a separate 
 compartment or bathroom, upon the same floor wath the apart- 
 ment which it accommodates. Except as hereinafter provided, 
 each w^ater-closet compartment or bathroom in any tenement 
 house hereafter erected shall have a window opening directly 
 upon the street, a yard, a court, or upon a vent shaft. Every such 
 window shall be of at least three square feet in area, and shall open 
 freely. A water-closet compartment or bathroom, however, if 
 provided with a separate ventilating flue of non-corroding mate- 
 rial and of at least thirty-six square inches in area, leading di-
 
 t —143— 
 
 rectly to the roof, may be lighted from an adjoining- room or 
 hall by translucent glass in a fixed sash ; proi'idcd. that the glazed 
 surface shall be of at least twelve square feet in area. Every 
 vent shaft in a tenement house hereafter erected shall be con- 
 structed of fireproof material ; not more than two water-closets 
 or bathrooms shall open upon such a shaft on one floor of a ten- 
 ement house, and no two water-closets or bathroom windows open- 
 ing upon such shaft on the same floor shall be opposite each other. 
 No such vent shaft shall be less than thirty inches in either di- 
 mension. If the area of such a shaft is less than twelve square 
 feet, every bathroom or water-closet compartment below the 
 upper story arid, if the area is less than twenty-four square feet, 
 every bathroom or water-closet compartment below the second 
 story from the roof, and opening into such shaft, shall be provided 
 with additional light through translucent glass windows of at 
 least four square feet in area, connecting with other portions of 
 the tenement. Every such vent shaft shall be uncovered, or shall 
 be provided with openings at the top equal in total area to the 
 area of the vent shaft, and shall be provided with a horizontal 
 in-take or duct at the bottom communicating with the street or 
 vard, or with a court ; such duct or in-take shall be not less than 
 two square feet in area, and shall be so arranged as to be easily 
 cleaned out. 
 
 Sec. 20. In every apartment of three or more rooms, in a 
 tenement house hereafter erected, access to every living room 
 and bedroom and to at least one water-closet compartment shall 
 be had without passing through any bedroom. 
 
 Sec. 21. In tenement houses hereafter erected, no room in 
 the cellar or in the basement shall be constructed, altered, con- 
 verted, or occupied for living purposes, unless all of the following 
 conditions are complied with: (1) Such room shall be at least 
 eight feet six inches high, in every part, from the floor to the 
 ceiling. (2) The ceiling of such room shall be at least four feet 
 and six inches above the surface of the street or ground outside 
 of or adjoining the same. (3) All walls surrounding such room 
 shall be damp-proof. (4) The floor of such room shall be damp- 
 proof and water-proof. 
 
 Sec. 22. The floor of the cellar or the lowest floor of every 
 tenement house shall be water-tight, and the cellar ceiling shall
 
 —144— , 
 
 be plastered, except where the first floor above the cellar is con- 
 structed of iron beams and fire-proof filling. 
 
 Sec. 23. No building, not used as a tenement house at the 
 time at which this act takes efifect, shall be converted to such use 
 unless it complies with the provisions of this act. 
 
 Sec. 24. No tenement house shall be altered, added to, or 
 changed so as to diminish the light, ventilation, or court or yard 
 spaces existing before such alterations were made, in any way 
 not approved by the department or officer charged with the exe- 
 cution of this act. 
 
 Sec. 25. Before the construction or alteration of a tenement 
 house or the alteration or conversion of a building for use as a 
 tenement house is commenced, the owner, or his agent or archi- 
 tect, shall submit to the building inspector or other local of- 
 ficer authorized to issue building permits, a detailed statement in 
 writing, verified by the affidavit of the person making the same, 
 of the specifications for the construction, and for the lighting and 
 ventilation of such tenement house or building, upon a blank or 
 form to be furnished by such officer, and shall also submit a copy 
 of the plans of such work. Such statement shall give in full the 
 name and residence, by street and number, of the owner or own- 
 ers of such tenement house or building. If such construction, 
 alteration, or conversion is proposed to be made by any other 
 person than the owner of the land in fee, such statement shall 
 contain the full name and residence, by street and number, not 
 only of the owner of the land, but of every person thus interested 
 in such tenement house. The statements and affidavits herein 
 provided for may be made by the owner, or the person who pro- 
 poses to make the construction, alteration, or conversion, or by 
 his agent or achitect. No person, however, shall be recognized 
 as the agent of the owner unless he shall file with the said of- 
 ficer a written instrument, signed by such owner, designating him 
 as such agent. Such specifications and statements shall be filed 
 with the said officer and shall be deemed public records, but no 
 such specifications or statements shall be removed from the cus- 
 tody of said officer. The said officer shall cause all such plans 
 and specifications to be examined, and if such plans and specifica- 
 tions conform to the provisions of this act and to the building or- 
 dinances and regulations, they shall be approved by such officer, 
 and a written certificate to that efifect shall be issued to the per-
 
 —US- 
 son submitting the same. The ofificer may, from time to tinie, 
 approve changes in any plans and specifications previously ap- 
 proved by him ; provided, that the plans and specifications when 
 so changed shall be in conformity with law. The construction, 
 alteration, or conversion of such tenement house, building, or 
 structure, or any part thereof, shall not be commenced until the 
 filing of such specification, plans, and statements, and the ap- 
 poval thereof, as above provided. 
 
 Sec. 26. No building hereafter constructed as. or altered 
 into, a tenement house shall be occupied, in whole or in part, for 
 human habitation until the issuance of a' certificate by the of- 
 ficer aforesaid that said building conforms in all respects to the 
 requirements of this act. Such certificate shall be issued within 
 ten days after written application therefor, if said building, at 
 the date of such application, shall be entitled thereto. 
 
 Sec. 27. If any building hereafter constructed as, or altered 
 into, a tenement house be occupied in whole or in part for human 
 habitation in violation of the last section, during such unlawful 
 occupation no rent shall be recoverable by the owner or lessee of 
 such premises for said period, and no action or special proceed- 
 ings shall be maintained therefor. 
 
 Sec. 28. Nothing in this act shall be construed to abrogate 
 or impair the powers of a local department of health, the fire 
 department, or of the courts or any other lawful authority, to 
 enforce any provisions of any city charter or building ordinances 
 and regulations not inconsistent with this act, or to prevent or 
 punish violations thereof. 
 
 Sec. 29. It shall be the duty of every inspector of buildings, 
 fire marshal, or other person authorized to issue building permits, 
 b}- whatever name known, to enforce the provisions of this act, 
 and to report all violations thereof to the proper prosecuting of- 
 ficer. 
 
 Sec. 30. Every owner or lessee of land, and every builder 
 or architect who shall authorize, make, or approve anv construc- 
 tion or alteration of any building in violation of this act, shall 
 be fined not less than twenty-five dollars nor more than five hun- 
 dred dollars, and if any violation of this act remains uncorrected, 
 the violator shall be subject to a renewal of the foregoing penalty 
 everv thirtv davs until the violation is corrected.
 
 —146— 
 
 Sec. 31. It shall he the duty of the eoniinissioner of labor 
 statistics to collect, keep on file in his office, and at his discretion 
 publish data to be furnished by the officers charg^ed in the sev- 
 eral cities with the execution of this act, showing^ the number of 
 tenement houses for which permits have been asked, the number 
 of plans approved, disapproved, and modified, and an}- other facts 
 concerning the operation of the law. The records and files of 
 said officers shall at all times be open to the commissioner of labor 
 statistics for the purposes of this section. 
 
 Sec. 32. This act shall take effect from its passage. 
 
 Approved. June 29, 1^05.
 
 ORDINANCES. 
 
 AN ACT CONCERNING THE REVISED ORDINANCES. 
 
 The revised ordinances of the city of New Haven, as enacted 
 by its board of aldermen April 14, 1905, and approved by its mayor 
 April 22, 1905. shall be of full force and effect upon the passage of 
 this act and after publication of the notice hereinafter provided 
 for, notwithstanding that the same shall not have been published 
 in full in the daily papers in said city as required by section one 
 hundred and twenty-nine of the charter of said city. The city clerk 
 is hereby authorized and directed, instead of the publication re- 
 quired by said section one hundred and twenty-nine, to advertise 
 at least three times in all of the daily papers published in the said 
 cit}' a copy of this resolution so far as it relates to said ordinances, 
 together with a notice that copies of said ordinances as so revised 
 and adopted may be had on application at the office of the city 
 clerk; and he shall cause said ordinances to be printed and dis- 
 tributed to such persons as may apply therefor. 
 
 Approved July 19. 1905.
 
 INDEX 
 
 CHAPTER 
 
 
 I 
 
 Accounts and Claims, 
 
 II 
 
 Amusements, 
 
 III 
 
 Animals, .... 
 
 IV 
 
 Assessment for Improvements, 
 
 V 
 
 Board of /Vldermen, 
 
 VI 
 
 Buildings, .... 
 
 VII 
 
 Burial Grounds, 
 
 VIII 
 
 Contracts, .... 
 
 IX 
 
 Elections, .... 
 
 X 
 
 Engineers, .... 
 
 XI 
 
 Fire, 
 
 XII 
 
 Food, 
 
 XIII 
 
 Good Order and Decency, 
 
 XIV 
 
 Health, .... 
 
 XV 
 
 Lamps, 
 
 XVI 
 
 Licenses and Permits, 
 
 XVII 
 
 Nuisances, 
 
 XVIII 
 
 Officers, .... 
 
 XIX 
 
 Ordinances, 
 
 XX 
 
 Plumbing, .... 
 
 XXI 
 
 Police, 
 
 XXII 
 
 Public Conveyances, 
 
 XXIII 
 
 Public Works, 
 
 XXIV 
 
 Railroads and Steamboats, 
 
 XXV 
 
 Steam Boilers, 
 
 XXVI 
 
 Taxes, .... 
 
 XXVII 
 
 Trade, .... 
 
 XXVIII 
 
 Trespass, .... 
 
 XXIX 
 
 Weights and Measures, 
 
 XXX 
 
 Wires, .... 
 
 Rules of Board of Health, 
 Rules for Public Parks, 
 
 sections 
 1- 14 
 15- 19 
 20- 30 
 31- 38 
 39- 46 
 47-208 
 209-215 
 216-219 
 220-224 
 225-234 
 235-263 
 264-276 
 277-283 
 284-297 
 298-302 
 303-313 
 314-355 
 356-367 
 368-374 
 375-399 
 400-413 
 414-445 
 446-564 
 565-578 
 579-590 
 591-595 
 596-631 
 632-633 
 634-644 
 645-649 
 
 PAGES 
 
 354 
 356
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 ACCOUNTS AND CLAIMS. 
 
 Sec 
 1. 
 
 Sec. 
 
 10. 
 11. 
 
 Dutj- of city clerk in drawing 
 orders in favor of claimants. 
 
 Petitioners to write name and 
 address to petitions. 
 
 Claims for damages to person 
 or property, duty of city 
 clerk, board of aldermen and 
 corporation counsel in re- 
 spect to same. 
 12. Duty of city engineer and chief 
 of police when notice of claim 
 for damages is received. 
 
 Claims for damages not to be 
 paid unless corporation coun- 
 sel says city is liable. 
 
 Duty of corporation counsel. 
 
 13. 
 
 14 
 
 ills against the city to con- 
 tain items and dates. 
 
 2. Judgments to be certified by 
 
 corporation counsel. 
 
 3. Assessment of damages, how 
 
 certified and paid. 
 
 4. Controller's books, how kept. 
 
 5. Aggregate of bills in excess of 
 
 unexpended balance of ap- 
 priation to be reported to 
 board of finance. 
 
 6. Claims, conditions of approval 
 
 by board of finance. 
 
 7. Payment of claims withheld 
 
 where claimant is indebted 
 to the city. 
 
 8. Duty of board of finance in 
 
 case of insufficiency of money 
 in treasury to paj-- all bills. 
 
 Be it ordained by the Board of Aldermen of the City of Neiv Haven: 
 
 Section 1. All bills against the city shall, where the nature of 
 the case admits of it, contain the items and their respective dates, 
 and shall not otherwise be approved by the board of finance. 
 
 Sec. 2. Any claim against the city by reason of the final judg- 
 ment of a judge or court shall be certified by the corporation coun- 
 sel to be correct, before being transmitted to the controller. 
 
 Sec. 3. When any assessment of damages against the city, for 
 any public improvement, is due and payable to any person or per- 
 sons, a bill for the amount of damages assessed to each, in excess 
 of the benefits assessed to the same person for the same public im- 
 provement, shall be presented to the city clerk, and having been, 
 by the city clerk, compared with the order of assessment and cer- 
 tified to be correct, shall be passed and paid in the same manner as 
 other bills.
 
 —152— 
 
 Sec. 4. The controller shall keep in liooks provided for that 
 purpose, accounts with the following;- ^uljjicts. namely: controller, 
 bills payable, hills receival)k'. city attorney, city court, collector, cor- 
 poration counsel, civil service hoard, department of charities and 
 correction, department of ]iuhlic works, department of police, de- 
 partment of fire, (lei)artment of ])ul)lic parks, department of lamps, 
 department of education, department of public library, fuel, depart- 
 ment of health, interest, licenses and permits, liens, printing, regis- 
 trar of vital statistics, salaries, sewers, special appropriations, sta- 
 tionery, streets, sundry accounts, tax lists 1874-80, tax list of each 
 year, town clerk, treasurer, and with such other subjects as he may 
 from time to time be required to do by the board of finance. 
 
 Sec. 5. If the aggregate of bills coming to the hands of the 
 controller duly approved during any month shall exceed the un- 
 expended balance of the appropriation to which they belong, the 
 controller shall report the facts to the board of finance at its next 
 regular session. 
 
 Sec. 6. The board of finance may adjust all claims duly pre- 
 sented to them, and allow such sum or sums as they shall find justly 
 due. 
 
 They shall not approve of any bill against the city for personal 
 damages or any other cause, unless the same shall have arisen from 
 contract, express or implied, until ordered so to do by the board of 
 aldermen. 
 
 No bill shall be approved by said board except in a meeting of 
 the board, all the members having been duly notified and a major- 
 ity being present. 
 
 Sec. 7. In case any person, to whom a claim is due and payable 
 shall be indebted to the city, the city clerk, by the direction of the 
 board of finance, shall withhold the order for payment of such 
 claim until such indebtedness is satisfied. 
 
 Sec. 8. In case the board of finance shall find that there is 
 not sufficient money in the hands of the treasurer to pay all the 
 bills duly allowed, they shall instruct the controller in what order 
 the same shall be paid by order on the treasurer, giving preference 
 to the regular officers and employes of the city, and said controller 
 shall obey their instructions. 
 
 Sec. 9. The city clerk shall draw orders on the treasurer in 
 favor of the claimants for the amount allowed on each bill bv the
 
 —153— 
 
 board of finance, and such orders shall be numbered, correspond- 
 ing^ to the classification book. 
 
 Sec. 10. In all petitions hereafter brought to the board of al- 
 dermen, the petitioner shall write his full name and address, with 
 street and number, upon the petition. 
 
 Sec. 11. Whenever any claim for damage to person or property 
 shall be presented against said city, by bill, petition to the board 
 of aldermen, or otherwise, except in cases of assessments pro- 
 vided for in the charter or ordinances of said city, the board of 
 aldermen shall appoint a proper committee to inquire into and 
 report the facts, or refer the same to the committee on claims. 
 provided that no such claim shall be so referred, or considered 
 unless it shall appear by the certificate of the city clerk, indorsed 
 upon the paper or petition, whereby the same is presented to the 
 board of aldermen, that due notice of said claim was reasonably 
 given to him. as required by the statute laws of this state in such 
 cases. 
 
 Upon receipt of any such notice, the city clerk shall forthwith 
 transmit the same to the corporation counsel, who shall at once 
 proceed to examine into such claim, and investigate all the circum- 
 stances — and any legal questions arising thereon ; keeping a writ- 
 ten record or memorandum of the facts and results thus ascer- 
 tained : and when said claim is considered by the committee to 
 which it may be referred, the corporation counsel shall be pres- 
 ent, with said record, or memorandum. 
 
 Such committee shall notify any person or corporation, who may 
 be liable to appear and be heard in reference to such claim, and to 
 relieve said city from any liability therefor. 
 
 Sec. 12. Upon a receipt of a notice of claim for damages 
 arising from any alleged defect in any street, sidewalk, or bridge, 
 the city clerk shall immediately furnish the city engineer, chief 
 of police and corporation counsel with a copy thereof. The city 
 engineer shall immediately, after the receipt of said copy, make 
 a map of the place where such alleged defect existed, unless, in 
 the opinion of the corporation counsel, such map is unnecessary. 
 The chief of police shall immediately, after the receipt of such 
 copy, direct some officer of the police department to investigate 
 such claim, ascertain the facts, and make a written report to the 
 corporation counsel of the said facts and the evidence relating 
 thereto, giving the name and residence of witnesses. Said reports
 
 —154— 
 
 shall be made within ten days after such officer has hecn directed 
 to make such investip^ation, and it shall he his dutv to make such 
 further investigation and report as the corporation counsel shall 
 direct. 
 
 Sec. 13. No claim for damages shall be allowed and paid by 
 said city, unless the corporation counsel is clearly of the opinion 
 that the city is legally liable to pay the amount so allowed, and in 
 no case shall such claim be paid, unless upon proper security to 
 save the city from loss. 
 
 No such payment other than by proper judgment of court shall 
 be deemed a precedent binding on the city, in subsequent cases. 
 
 Sec. 14. It shall be the duty of the corporation counsel to 
 bring any necessary suit to foreclose any lien, or to enforce any 
 other claim in behalf of said city, except for such forfeitures as it 
 is the duty of the city attorney to collect. 
 
 All sums collected by the corporation counsel or the city attorney 
 shall be paid over to the treasurer, his receipts being given therefor, 
 and said counsel or attorney shall forthwith give notice of such pay- 
 ments to the controller, who shall enter the same in the city 
 accounts.
 
 —155— 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 AMUSEMENTS. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 15. Billiard tables or bowling al- 17. Indecent or blasphemous per- 
 
 leys, chief of police may li- formances, penalty' for pre- 
 
 cense, fines in connection senting same. 
 
 with same. 18-19. Bill posting. regulations 
 
 16. Theatrical performances, chief governing same. 
 
 of police may license, fines in 
 connection with same. 
 
 Sec. 15. The chief of police, with the advice and consent of 
 the mayor, may issue licenses, as provided in the ordinance con- 
 cerning- licenses and permits, to such persons as he may approve, 
 to keep, for hire, in premises to be designated in such licenses, one 
 or more billiard tables, or bowling alleys. 
 
 Every person w^ho shall keep or use, or suffer to be kept or used, 
 for hire, in any premises occupied by him, or under his control, in 
 said city, any billiard table or bowling alley, without a proper 
 license in force therefor, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of five 
 dollars for every such offense, and a like penalty for every day in 
 which said table or alley is so used. 
 
 Sec. 16. The chief of police, with the advice and consent of 
 the mayor and chief of the fire department, may issue a license 
 as provided in the ordinance concerning licenses and permits, for 
 any public concert, dance, play, farce, show, tragedy, comedy, 
 pantomime, or other theatrical or dramatic performance, exhibi- 
 tion of gymnastics, dexterity, or skill, circus or exhibition of ani- 
 mals or curiosities, for gain, specifying in such license the time 
 and particular place of exhibition, provided tiiat no part of said 
 exhibition, show or performance shall be contrary to the statutes 
 of this state, or the ordinances of said city. 
 
 Every person who shall take any part, as actor, manager or 
 agent in any such show, exhibition, dance, or performance, and 
 every owner or other person having charge of any building, room 
 or premises in said city, who shall suffer or permit therein such 
 show, exhibition, dance, or performance, without a license being
 
 —156— 
 
 first oljtaiiled tlicrcfor, as aforesaid, shall forfeit and pay a penalty 
 of not less than twentx'. nor more than one lumdred dollars for 
 every such olTense. 
 
 Sec. 17. Every person who shall, within said city. act. exhibit 
 show or perform in. or cause to be acted, exhibited, shown or per- 
 formed, or be in any manner concerned in the acting, exhibition, 
 showing or performance of, any indecent or blasphemous play, 
 farce, opera, public exhibition, show, entertainment, or perform- 
 ance wdiatsoever, or of any indecent or blasphemous part of any 
 play, farce, opera, public entertainment, dance or performance 
 whatsoever, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of twenty dollars for 
 every such offense. 
 
 Sec. 18. No pla}- bill, or advertisement of any exhibitions, shall 
 be posted upon any public building or fence in said city, nor on 
 or about any tree in the streets of said city, nor upon any private 
 property without the consent of the owner of such property. 
 
 Every person offending against any provision of this section 
 shall forfeit and pay a penalty of five dollars for every such of- 
 fense. 
 
 Sec. 19. No person shall destroy, remove, tear, or otherwise 
 deface any bill, posted in such places as may be permitted, descrip- 
 tive of any performance to be exhibited, duly licensed as afore- 
 said. 
 
 Every person violating any provision of this section shall forfeit 
 and pay a penalty of two dollars for every such offense.
 
 —15; 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 ANIMALS. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 20. Animals that may not run at "27. Keeping or harboring vicious 
 
 large. dogs. 
 
 21-22-23. Poundkeepers, how ap- 28. Unmuzzled dogs, how treated. 
 
 pointed; duties, etc. 20. Dogs properly muzzled and 
 
 24. Animals lawfully impounded registered not to be inter- 
 
 not to be rescued. fered with. 
 
 25. Feeding animals in streets. 30. Penalty. 
 20. Dogs to be muzzled between 
 
 June and September. 
 
 Sec. 20. No owner or person having the charge of cattle, 
 horses, mules, asses, sheep, goats, fowls or swine, shall suffer or 
 permit the same to go or be at large in any of the streets or public 
 squares of said city ; or shall suffer or permit the same to be upon 
 anv of the streets or public squares of said city, for the purpose of 
 being pastured thereon, either with or without a keeper. 
 
 Sec. 21. It shall be and is hereby made the duty of all pound- 
 keepers, appointed by the board of aldermen, unless within one 
 week after notice of their appointment they shall lodge with the 
 city clerk a written declination to hold said office, to have, keep 
 and maintain, ready for use at all times, a suitable and lawful 
 pound for the impounding of all animals that shall be brought 
 to them for that purpose. 
 
 Sec. 22. The poundkeepers and impounders appointed by the 
 board of aldermen shall have the same powers and duties, and 
 shall receive the same fees, which are now or may hereafter be 
 provided by the general statutes of this state for poundkeepers and 
 haywards, appointed by the several towns. 
 
 Sec. 23. It shall be the duty of such persons as the board of 
 aldermen shall appoint for that purpose, and it shall be lawful 
 for any person, to impound any animal found upon any of the 
 streets or public squares of said city, in violation of any of the 
 provisions of the first section of this ordinance.
 
 —158— ^ 
 
 Sec. 24. No person shall rescue any animal, liable to be ini- 
 ])oundcd, out of the custody of any person going- to pound with 
 the same, or shall attempt to prevent him from driving or taking 
 such animal to ])ound. or sIkiII resist or hinder him therein, or 
 shall break the pound, or in any manner convey out of it any 
 animal lawfully impounded. 
 
 Sec. 25. No person shall feed any draught animal in the streets 
 of said city unless said animal is securely hitched or fastened. 
 
 Sec. 26. No owner, or keeper, or person having the charge of 
 any dog. shall permit or suffer the same to go or be at large in the 
 streets or public squares, or in any uninclosed place in said city, 
 between the first day of June and the first day of September in 
 each year, unless such dog shall be securely muzzled, so as to 
 render the biting of any person impossible. 
 
 Sec. 27. No person shall knowingly keep or harbor any dog 
 which habitually attacks, threatens to attack, or frightens, persons 
 or animals upon the highway, or which habitually, by loud and 
 excessive barking or howling, causes annoyance to any person or 
 persons living in the vicinity. 
 
 Sec. 28. It shall be lawful for any person to take into his cus- 
 tody, and carry to the police office or dog pound, and it shall be 
 the duty of every police officer of said city to destroy any dog 
 found loose or at large in violation of any of the provisions of the 
 law. 
 
 Sec. 29. No person, other than the owner or keeper, shall un- 
 loose or set at large, or take or entice away, or shall remove the 
 collar or muzzle from any dog duly registered and numbered ac- 
 cording to law. 
 
 Sec. 30. Any person violating any of the provisions of this 
 chapter shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars for every 
 such offense.
 
 —159— 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 ASSESSMENTS AND IMPROVEMENTS. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 31. Assessment, proportions, how 35. Liens, when and how placed. 
 
 altered. 36. Liens, liabilities incurred by 
 
 32. City engineer to furnish maps same; how they may be re- 
 
 and charts, etc. mitted. 
 
 33. Assessments appealed from, 37. Liens, duty of collector to fore- 
 
 duty of city clerk and corpo- close. 
 
 ration counsel in connection 38. Department of public works 
 
 with same. to prepare certificates, when. 
 
 34. Assessments due and payable, 
 
 duty of city clerk and con- '' 
 
 troller in connection with 
 
 same. 
 
 Sec. 31. The board of aldermen may, upon the execution of 
 any order for the paving or otherwise improving any street or 
 highway .within said city, or for the construction or alteration of 
 any public sewer, or other public work, assess upon the persons 
 whose property is, in the judgment of said board, especially bene- 
 fited thereby, a proportional and reasonable part of the expense 
 thereof, and shall estimate the particular amount of such expense 
 to be paid by every such person upon such assessment. 
 
 Sec. 32. The city engineer shall in all cases of proposed public 
 improvement, la}^ before the board or committee having the mat- 
 ter in charge, the original survey and map of the work in question,, 
 or a certified copy thereof, and a chart showing the frontage,, 
 dimensions and area of the several pieces of land specially dam- 
 aged or benefited by such work, and the names of the respective 
 owners. 
 
 Sec. 33. When any assessment or apportionment of damages 
 or benefits has been appealed from, the city clerk shall forthwith 
 notify the collector, controller and corporation cotmsel. 
 
 It shall be the duty of the corporation counsel to secure a 
 speedy determination of the same, and forthwith to notify the city
 
 —160— 
 
 clerk of any withdrawal of ajipeal or of the final jud^s^nient of the 
 superior court in the case. 
 
 Sec. 34. When any assessment or apportionment of damapfes or 
 benefits is due and payable, the city clerk shall forthwith trans- 
 mit an account of the same to the controller, notinp^ thereon the 
 day when the same became payable. 
 
 The controller shall enter the same in his books, charginj;^ the 
 collector with the amount of benefits assessed or apportioned, as 
 aforesaid, and transmit to the collector an account of the bene- 
 fits assessed, or damages apportioned, with a memorandum, show- 
 ing when the same became payable, and the collector shall pro- 
 ceed to collect such assessments or apportionments. 
 
 Sec. 35. If any assessment of benefits or apportionment is not 
 paid within fifty-five days after it becomes payable, the collector 
 shall cause a certificate of lien to be recorded, in accordance with 
 law. A lien book, in proper form, shall be kept at all times in the 
 office of the collector, in which a memorandum of all liens, mider 
 the charter and ordinances of said city, and of the payment of 
 such liens shall be entered. 
 
 Sec. 36. When a lien shall have been placed upon property in 
 accordance with the charter, the board of aldermen may, upon 
 the payment of the principal sum, remit interest and f^es in be- 
 half of any person who, in their opinion, is unable to pay the same. 
 
 Sec. Z7 . It shall be the duty of the collector to report to the 
 corporation counsel for foreclosure any lien in behalf of the city, 
 when the same has been on one year, unless otherwise directed, 
 from time to time, by vote of the board of aldermen. 
 
 Sec. 38. Except where it is otherwise directed, it shall be the 
 duty of the department of public works to prepare certificates of 
 liens in all cases where by law a lien upon land or other property 
 is given to the city, which certificate shall be signed by the col- 
 lector, whose duty it shall be to see that the same is duly recorded.
 
 —161— 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 BOARD OF ALDERMEN. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 39. Board of aldermen, regular 43. Notice of or order to persons 
 
 meetings, when held. or corporations, how made. 
 
 40. Journals. 44. ]\Iaps and files to be laid be- 
 
 41. Regular and special meetings, fore committees. 
 
 how called. 45. Files and records to be care- 
 
 42. Head of departments to answer fully preserved. 
 
 inquiries. 46. Penalty for abstracting or 
 
 mutilating the same. 
 
 Sec. 39. Regtilar meeting-s of the board of aldermen shall be 
 held on the first Monday of every month ; but the mayor may call 
 such meetings for any different day of the month, whenever, on 
 account of a public holiday, or for other reason, he shall deem it 
 expedient. 
 
 Sec. 40. The clerk of the board of aldermen of said city shall 
 keep a journal of the doings and proceedings thereof, and after 
 each meeting shall cause the same to be printed in sufficient 
 numbers and distributed in sufficient numbers to each member of 
 said board of aldermen, and to such other officers of said city, 
 and any other person requiring the same, as they shall judge best, 
 and within four weeks after the last meeting of said board of 
 aldermen for the year, they shall cause two hundred copies of 
 such journal, properly bound and indexed, to be printed and 
 ' distributed, one to each member of the board of aldermen for 
 the year during which said journal was kept, and one to each 
 officer of said City of New Haven, and shall deposit the remainder 
 in the office of the city clerk of said city, one of which said clerk 
 shall certify under his hand to be a true record of the doings and 
 proceedings of said board of aldermen, and which shall be the 
 official journal thereof. 
 
 Sec. 41. The mayor of said city, whenever there is to be a 
 regular meeting of said board, or whenever he may deem it proper 
 to call a special meeting of said board, may issue his order, 
 directed to the sheriff of said city, or in case of his absence or 
 inability, to any other proper officer, requiring him to warn the 
 members of said board of such meeting; and personal notice being 
 bv such officer given to each member of said board, or an attested
 
 —162— 
 
 copy of sucli order hcini;- left at the usual place of residence of 
 each member, at least six hours previous to the time prescribed in 
 the order for such mcetinq-, or published in two daily newspapers 
 in said city, at least twelve hcuirs before the time of such meeting, 
 shall be sufficient warning- thereof. Said order shall be recorded 
 by the city clerk. 
 
 Sec. 42. It shall be the duty of any department of the city 
 government, or of the heads of such departments, of whom an 
 inquiry shall be made by the board of aldermen, to answer the 
 same in writing at the next regular meeting of the board making 
 such inquiry. 
 
 Sec. 43. Whenever any order is made by said board of alder- 
 men, upon any person or corporation, notice shall be given to such 
 person or corporation. 
 
 Whenever two or more persons shall be interested as joint ten- 
 ants, tenants in common, or as parties having different interests 
 in the same premises, in reference to which such order is made, 
 then such notice to one of such persons shall be deemed notice 
 to all. 
 
 A notice stating the substance of any such order, and signed 
 by the city clerk, and directed to the person or corporation to 
 whom the notice is to be given, and deposited, postage paid, in the 
 post office in said city, within three days after the passage of any 
 such order, or delivered to such person, or left at his usual place 
 of abode by any officer of said city, or such order being published 
 twice in each of two daily newspapers in said city a reasonable 
 time before such order is to be executed, shall be deemed sufficient 
 notice of such order. 
 
 Sec. 44. Whenever any matter is submitted to any committee 
 of the board of aldermen, or any board of the city, all the proper 
 files and maps in the case shall be laid before such committee or 
 board by the proper officer having charge of such files and maps. 
 
 Sec. 45. All files and records belonging to, or coming into the 
 hands of any officer or committee of said city, shall be carefully 
 preserved and handed over to his or their successors in office, or 
 other person proper to receive the same. 
 
 Sec. 46. Every person who shall fraudently abstract, conceal, 
 destroy, mutilate, or alter any record, map, or file, belonging to 
 said city, or in charge or custody of any committee, board, or 
 officer of said city, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not less than 
 five, nor more than one hundred dollars for every such ofifense.
 
 —163- 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 BUILDINGS. 
 
 Sec. 
 
 
 Sec. 
 
 47. 
 
 Scope of ordinances. 
 
 77. 
 
 48. 
 
 Inspector of buildings. 
 
 
 49. 
 
 Fire marshal maj' be inspect- 
 or. 
 
 78. 
 
 50. 
 
 Permits. 
 
 79. 
 
 51. 
 
 Drawings and specifications. 
 
 80. 
 
 52. 
 
 Alterations of drawings. 
 
 81. 
 
 53. 
 
 Refusal of permit. 
 
 82. 
 
 54. 
 
 Fees for permit. 
 
 83. 
 
 55. 
 
 Character of brick, sand and 
 mortar. 
 
 84. 
 
 56. 
 
 Fire district. 
 
 85. 
 
 57. 
 
 Excavations for building. 
 
 
 58. 
 
 Excavations exceeding ten 
 
 86. 
 
 
 feet. 
 
 87. 
 
 50. 
 
 E.xcavations less than ten 
 
 88. 
 
 
 feet. 
 
 S9. 
 
 <30. 
 
 Excavations under party 
 walls. 
 
 90. 
 
 61. 
 
 Inspector to protect existing 
 
 91. 
 
 
 walls. 
 
 92. 
 
 62. 
 
 Excavation for area. 
 
 93. 
 
 63. 
 
 Foundation walls. 
 
 94. 
 
 64. 
 
 Thickness of walls. 
 
 95. 
 
 65. 
 
 Construction of walls. 
 
 
 GC). 
 
 Construction of piers. 
 
 96. 
 
 67. 
 
 ■ Use of piers in any part of 
 
 97. 
 
 
 structure. 
 
 98. 
 
 68. 
 
 Headers. 
 
 99. 
 
 69. 
 
 Depth of walls. 
 
 100. 
 
 70. 
 
 Walls on piles. 
 
 101. 
 
 71. 
 
 Connections with sewers. 
 
 102. 
 
 72. 
 
 Vaults under sidewalks. 
 
 103. 
 
 73. 
 
 Thickness of walls for houses. 
 
 
 74. 
 
 Non-bearing walls. 
 
 104. 
 
 75. 
 
 Partition walls. 
 
 105. 
 
 76. 
 
 Thickness of walls for busi- 
 ness buildings. 
 
 
 Walls increased by length of 
 
 span. 
 Walls of churches, theatres, 
 
 etc 
 Walls of one story structures. 
 Curtain walls. 
 Bonding brick walls. 
 Thickness of ashlar. 
 Use of existing party walls. 
 Walls to be built uniformly 
 
 and bonded. 
 Walls to be braced during 
 
 construction. 
 Height of stories. 
 Walls of light or vent shafts. 
 Partition walls. 
 Recesses and chases in walls. 
 Opening for doors and win- 
 dows. 
 Protection from fires. 
 Cellar floor and ceilings. 
 Backing for wainscoting. 
 Fire stops. 
 Buildings for residences over 
 
 stores. 
 Authorities. 
 Factors of safety. 
 Strength of columns. . 
 Strength of beams. 
 Strength of floors and roofs. 
 Weight that floor will sustain. 
 Weight of building material. 
 Safe bearing loads for earth 
 
 and concrete. 
 Buildings to be fire proof. 
 Fireproof construction and 
 
 fireproofing.
 
 -16^ 
 
 Sec. 
 
 100. Iron and steel construction — 
 Fiber stress for steel and 
 iron. 
 
 107. Maximum stresses in riveted 
 plate girders. 
 
 1('8. Skeleton construction. 
 
 l<i;). Steel and wrought-iron col- 
 umns. 
 
 110. Cast-iron columns. 
 
 111. Double columns. 
 
 112. Party wall posts. 
 
 113. Plates between joints of open 
 
 back columns. 
 
 114. Steel and iron girders. 
 
 115. Rolled steel and wrought-iron 
 
 beams used as girders. 
 
 116. Cast-iron lintels. 
 
 117. Plates under ends of lintels 
 
 and girders. 
 
 118. Rolled steel and wrought-iron 
 
 floor and roof beams. 
 
 119. Templates under ends of steel 
 
 or iron floor beams. 
 
 120. Framing and connecting 
 
 struttural work. 
 
 121. Riveting of structural steel 
 
 and wrought-iron work. 
 
 122. Bolting of structural steel and 
 
 wrought-iron work. 
 
 123. Steel and wrought-iron truss- 
 
 es. 
 
 124. Riveted steel and wrought- 
 
 iron trusses. 
 
 125. Steel and iron pin-connected 
 
 trusses. 
 
 126. Iron and other metal fronts 
 
 to be filled in. 
 
 127. Painting of structural metal 
 
 work. 
 
 128. Theatres. 
 
 129. Refusal of permits. 
 
 130. Open court both sides. 
 
 131. Capacity of corridors. 
 
 132. Seats to be' fastened to floor. 
 
 133. Floors. 
 
 134. Aisles. 
 
 Sec. 
 
 135. Heating apparatus. 
 
 136. Stairways. 
 
 137. Partition walls. 
 
 138. Walls to separate stage and 
 
 auditorium. 
 
 139. Protection from fire. 
 
 140. Fireproof curtain. 
 
 141. Woodwork covered with fire- 
 
 proof materials. 
 
 142. Workshop or storage above 
 
 or under auditorium. 
 
 143. Construction of galleries. 
 
 144. Ventilators. 
 
 145. Number of exits required. 
 
 146. Exit signs and red lights. 
 
 147. Theatre lighting. 
 
 148. Exit lighting. 
 
 149. Stand pipes. 
 
 150. Hose. 
 
 151. Public buildings to have am- 
 
 ple stairways. 
 
 152. Assembly halls. 
 
 153. Chimneys. 
 
 154. Inside of flues to be smooth. 
 
 155. Construction under chimney. 
 
 156. Fireplaces. 
 
 157. Stoves. 
 
 158. Stove pipes to be guarded. 
 
 159. Furnaces. 
 
 160. Register boxes. 
 
 161. Steam pipes. 
 
 162. Hot air pipes. 
 
 163. Gas and water pipes. 
 
 164. Electric wires. 
 
 165. Fireproof shutters. 
 
 166. Walls of elevator shaft. 
 
 167. Inspector of passenger ele- 
 
 vators. 
 
 168. Elevator attendant. 
 
 169. Safety devices for elevator 
 
 cars. 
 
 170. Freight elevators. 
 
 171. Bulkheads. 
 
 172. Cornices. 
 
 173. Snow guard. 
 
 174. Roof of wooden building.
 
 -165— 
 
 Sec. 
 
 
 Sec 
 
 175. 
 
 Roof of buildings not wooden. 
 
 19-2. 
 
 176. 
 
 Mansard roof. 
 
 193. 
 
 177. 
 
 Changing roof. 
 
 194. 
 
 178. 
 
 Measurements from curb 
 
 
 
 level. 
 
 195. 
 
 179. 
 
 Buildings within fire district. 
 
 
 180. 
 
 Right to rebuild damaged 
 buildings. 
 
 196. 
 
 181. 
 
 Various structures within the 
 
 
 
 fire limits. 
 
 197. 
 
 18-2. 
 
 Use of wooden beams. 
 
 
 183. 
 
 Wooden building outside fire 
 
 198. 
 
 
 district. 
 
 199. 
 
 184. 
 
 General restriction for wood- 
 
 
 
 en buildings. 
 
 200. 
 
 185. 
 
 Fire-escapes. 
 
 201. 
 
 186. 
 
 Obstructing fire-escapes. 
 
 202. 
 
 187. 
 
 Rope for fire-escape. 
 
 203. 
 
 188. 
 
 Chief to inspect buildings. 
 
 204. 
 
 180. 
 
 Rear tenements forbidden. 
 
 205. 
 
 190. 
 
 Abatement of rear tenement's. 
 
 206- 
 
 191. 
 
 Light and ventilation. 
 
 208. 
 
 Dangerous buildings. 
 
 Buildings endangering life. 
 
 Duty of inspector if building 
 is dangerous. 
 
 Obstruction of street and 
 sidewalk. 
 
 Street and sidewalk to be 
 used only during construc- 
 tion. 
 
 Privilege of using sidewalk 
 beyond building. 
 
 To^ relay sidewalk. 
 
 Violation of ordinance re- 
 garding sidewalks. 
 
 Permit to last for .six months. 
 
 Revocation of permit. 
 
 Permit to move buildings. 
 
 Service of notice. 
 
 Penalties. 
 
 Building lines. 
 207. Numbering buildings. 
 
 Miscellaneous provisions. 
 
 SCOPE OF ORDINANCE. 
 
 Sec. 47. The following provisions shall constitute and be 
 known as the building ordinance, and may be cited as such. It 
 applies to all matters relating to the construction, alteration or 
 r'emoval of buildings, or structures erected or to be erected, in the 
 city of New Haven, which ordinance is intended to be remedial 
 and is to be construed liberally to secure the beneficial interests 
 and purposes intended. It shall apply to all parts of the city, un- 
 less specially limited to the part included within the fire district. 
 
 INSPECTOR OF BUILDINGS. 
 
 Sec. 48. The mayor shall appoint an inspector of buildings, 
 who shall hold his office until his successor' is duly appointed and 
 qualified. Said Inspector shall be either an architect, civil engi- 
 neer, or builder of ability, and must have had at least five years' 
 practical experience in his particular occupation. Said inspector 
 shall not be employed or engaged in any othef business, or be 
 interested in any way whatsoever in any contract for building or 
 furnishing materials. He shall receive such salary or compensa-
 
 —166— 
 
 tion for his services as the board of aldermen may determine. Said 
 inspector is charged witli the duty of enforcing the provisions of 
 this ordinance, and shall report all violations of said ordinance to 
 the city attorney for prosecution. He shall examine all build- 
 ings in course of erection, alterations or repair, and any platform, 
 staging or flooring to be used for standing or sitting purposes, as 
 often as practicable, and shall make a record of all violations of 
 said ordinance, together with the street and number where such 
 violations are found, the name of the owner, lessee, occupants, 
 contractors and master mechanics, and all other matters relative 
 thereto. 
 
 FIRE MARSHAL MAY BE INSPECTOR. 
 
 Sec. 49. Until an inspector of buildings shall be appointed, 
 as hereinbefore ])rovided, the fire marshal shall act as such in- 
 spector of buildings. 
 
 termits. 
 
 Sec. 50. Before proceeding with the erection or alteration of 
 any building, or part of any building, or any platform, staging or 
 flooring to be used for standing or sitting purposes, a permit shall 
 be first obtained from the inspector of buildings by the owner or 
 his agent, and it shall be unlawful to proceed with the erection or 
 alteration of any building, or part of any building, or any such 
 platform, staging or flooring, unless such permit shall first have 
 been obtained from the inspector of buildings. 
 
 The applications for such permits shall be in writing, on blanks 
 or forms, to be furnished by the inspector of buildings, and shall 
 state clearly and fully the work contemplated to be done, and shall 
 give the correct or estimated value of the building for which such 
 application is made, to be verified by the affidavit of the applicant 
 when required by said inspector. 
 
 DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS. 
 
 Sec. 51. \\niere an application is made for the erection or 
 alteration of any building, or any part thereof, except frame build- 
 ings costing less than $3,500, drawings and specifications sufficient 
 to enable the inspector to obtain full and complete information 
 as to the extent and character of the work to be done, shall be
 
 —167— 
 
 submitted with such application, and all such drawino^s and speci- 
 fications shall be filed with the Inspector, and shall remain on file 
 in his office three months after the completion or occupation of 
 said building. Such drawings and specifications shall then be re- 
 turned by the inspector to the parties by whom they have been 
 deposited, upon the demand of said person or persons. It shall 
 not be obligator}- upon the inspector to retain such drawings or 
 specifications in his custody for more than three months after the 
 completion or occupation of said building. 
 
 ALTERATION OF DRAWINGS. 
 
 Sec. 52. It shall be unlawful to erase, alter or modify any 
 lines, figures or coloring contained upon such drawings and specifi- 
 cations so stamped by the inspector or filed with him for reference, 
 except as hereinafter provided. If during the progress of the exe- 
 cution of such work it is desired to deviate in any essential manner 
 from the terms of the application, drawings or specifications, 
 notice of such intention to alter shall be given in writing to the in- 
 spector, and his written assent must first be obtained before such 
 alteration may be made. Alterations in drawings and specifications 
 which do not involve "any change in the structural parts nor conflict 
 with any of the requirements of this ordinance, may be made without 
 the permission of the inspector. 
 
 REFUSAL OF PERMIT. 
 
 Sec. 53. If the matters mentioned in any application for a per- 
 mit or in the drawings or specifications accompanying and illus- 
 trating the same, indicate to the inspector that the work to be 
 done is not in all respects in accordance with the provisions of this 
 ordinance, he shall refuse to issue a permit until such application, 
 drawings and specifications shall have been made to conform in 
 every respect to the recjvurements of the ordinance ; and when 
 such application and drawings and specifications conform to this 
 ordinance the inspector shall issue a permit and shall file said 
 application, and shall apply to such drawings and specifications an 
 official stamp. The drawings and specifications so stamped shall 
 then be returned to the applicant for permit, excepting in cases 
 where said drawings and specifications are required to be filed with 
 the inspector.
 
 -168— 
 
 FKES FOR TERM IT. 
 
 Src. 54. The fee for permit for each Iniiklinc^ costing $5,000 
 or less shall be $2.00 ; for permit for each building; costinpf from 
 $5,000 to $10,000, $5.00; for permit for each building costing 
 $10,000 or over, $10.00. 
 
 Permits for the obstruction of streets shall be paid for in pro- 
 portion to the street frontage occupied, at the rate of $1.00 for 
 the first month, $2.00 for the second month, and $3.00 for the 
 third month, and so on, increasing at the rate of $1.00 per month 
 for each successive month for each fifty feet of frontage or fraction 
 thereof so occupied. 
 
 CHARACTER OF BRICK, SAND AND MORTAR. 
 
 Sec. 55. All brick laid in non-freezing weather shall be well 
 wet immediately before being laid. The brick used in all buildings 
 shall be good, hard, well-burnt brick. The sand used for mortar 
 in all buildings shall be clean, sharp sand, and shall not be finer 
 than the standard samples kept in the office of the inspector of 
 buildings. Cement mortar shall be made of sand and cement in 
 the proportion of not more than three parts^ of sand to one of 
 cement, and shall be used immediately after being mixed. Lime 
 mortar shall be made of notjnore than four parts of sand to one 
 part of lime, and shall not be used until thoroughly slaked. 
 Cement and lime mortar shall be made of one part of lime, one 
 part of cement and three parts of sand to each. Concrete for 
 foundations shall be made of one part of cement, two parts of 
 sand and five parts of small, clean, broken stone, or one-half of 
 the five parts may be clean gravel and the other half small, clean, 
 broken stone, all carefully mixed. 
 
 FIRE DISTRICT. 
 
 Sec. 56. The portion of the city included within the following' 
 boundaries shall be known as the fire district, namely : 
 
 Beginning at the intersection of West Water street with the 
 New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, and thence fol- 
 lowing the tracks of said railroad to Cedar street, through the cen- 
 ter of Cedar street to the center of Minor street, through the center 
 of Minor street to the center of Howard avenue; through the cen- 
 ter of Howard avenue to a point 200 feet south of Congress Ave-
 
 —169— 
 
 nuc ; tlu'iicc in a westerly direction parallel with Congress avenue 
 to the center of Daggett street ; through the center of Daggett 
 street to the center of Congress avenue ; through the center of Con- 
 gress avenue to the center of Ward street; through the center of 
 Ward street to a point 200 feet north of the center line of Congress 
 avenue ; thence in an easterly direction and parallel with the center 
 line of Congress avenue to the center of Howard avenue ; through 
 the center of Howard avenue to the center of Howe street ; through 
 the center of Howe street and Dixwell avenue to Bristol street ; 
 thence in an easterly direction in a straight line, through the center 
 of Bristol street to the center of Ashmun street ; through the center 
 of Ashmun street to the center of Lock street ; through the cen- 
 ter of Lock street to a point midway between the rails of the Xew 
 Haven and Northampton Railroad, to the center of Sachem street ;: 
 through the center of Sachem street to the center of Whitney ave- 
 nue ; through the center of Whitney avenue to a point 185 feet south 
 of Humphrey street, thence in an easterly direction in a line parallel 
 with Humphrey street, to^the center of State street ; through the cen- 
 ter of State street to a point 110 feet west of the west line of Mill 
 River street measuring at a right angle with said west line ; thence 
 in a southerly direction and parallel with the westerly line of Mill 
 River street to the center of Walnut street ; through the center 
 of Walnut street to the tracks of the New York, New Haven and 
 Hartford Railroad Company, and following the tracks to James 
 street ; through the center of James street to Market street ; through 
 the center of Market street to Haven street ; through the center of 
 Haven street to Exchange street ; through the center of Exchange 
 street to James street ; through the center of James street to Wolcott 
 street ; through the center of Wolcott street to Mill street ; through 
 the center line of Mill street to Chapel street ; through the center 
 of Chapel street to the channel of Mill River, to the center of Tom- 
 linson bridge, to the end of Long Wharf, thence by a straight line 
 to the point of beginning. 
 
 EXCAVATIONS FOR BUILDING. 
 
 Sec. 57. All excavations shall be properly guarded and pro- 
 tected by the person or persons causing the excavation to be 
 made, so as to prevent the same from becoming dangerous to life 
 or limb, and shall be sheet-piled where necessary to prevent the 
 adjoining earth from caving in.
 
 —1/0— 
 
 EXCAVATIONS KXCEEDING TEN FEFT. 
 
 Sec. 58. Whenever an excavation of either earth or rock for 
 building or other purposes shall be intended to be, or shall be, 
 carried to a depth of more than ten feet below the street curb, 
 the person or persons causing such excavation to be made shall 
 at all times, from the commencement until the completion thereof, 
 if afforded the necessary license to enter on the adjoining land, 
 and not otherwise, at his or their own expense, preserve any ad- 
 joining or contiguous wall or walls from injury, and support the 
 same by proper foundations, so that the said wall or walls shall be 
 and remain practically as safe as before such excavation was com- 
 menced, whether the said adjoining or contiguous wall or walls 
 are down more or less than ten feet below the street curb. 
 
 EXCAVATIONS LESS THAN TEN FEET. 
 
 Sec. 59. If such excavation shall not be intended to be, or 
 shall not be, carried to a depth of more than ten feet below the 
 street curb, the owner or owners of such adjoining or contiguous 
 wall or walls shall preserve the same from injury, and so support 
 the same by proper foundations that it or they shall be and re- 
 main practically as safe as before such excavation was commenced, 
 and shall be permitted to enter upon the premises where such ex- 
 cavation is being made for that purpose, when necessary. 
 
 EXCAVATIONS UNDER PARTY WALLS. 
 
 Sec. 60. In case an adjoining party wall is intended to be 
 used by the person or persons causing the excavation to be made, 
 and such party wall is in good condition and sufficient for the 
 uses of the adjoining building, then, and in such case, the person 
 or persons causing the excavations to be made shall, at his or their 
 own expense, preserve such party wall from injury and support the 
 same by proper foundations, so that said party wall shall be and 
 remain practically as safe as before the excavation was commenced. 
 
 INSPECTOR TO PROTECT EXISTING WALLS. 
 
 Sec. 61. If the person or persons whose duty it shall be to 
 preserve or protect any wall or walls from injury shall neglect or 
 fail so to do, after having had a notice of twenty-four hours from 
 the inspector of buildings, then the inspector of buildings may
 
 —171— 
 
 enter upon the premises and employ such labor and furnish such 
 materials, antl take such steps as, in his judo^mcnt, may be neces- 
 sary to make the same safe and secure, or to prevent the same 
 from becoming' unsafe or dangerous, at the expense of the person 
 or persons whose duty it is to keep the same safe and secure. Anv 
 party doing the said work, or any part thereof, under and bv 
 the direction of the said inspector, may bring and maintain an action 
 against the person or persons owning the land whose duty it is 
 to protect the wall, to recover the value of the work done and 
 materials furnished, in and about said premises, in the same man- 
 ner as if he had been employed to do the said work by the said per- 
 son or persons. 
 
 EXCAVATION FOR AREA. 
 
 Sec. 62. When an excavation is made on any lot, and it is 
 intended to use part of such excavation, on either side or rear 
 of the lot, as an area, or space for light and air. the person or 
 persons causing such excavation to be made shall build at his or 
 their own expense, a retaining wall of sufficient strength to sup- 
 port the adjoining earth ; and each retaining wall shall be carried 
 to the height of the adjoining earth, and be properly protected or 
 capped on top. 
 
 FOUNDATION WALLS. 
 
 Sec. 63. Foundation walls shall be construed to include all 
 walls and piers built below the curb level or nearest tier of beams 
 to the curb, to serve as supports for walls, piers, columns, girders, 
 posts or beams. Foundation walls shall be built of stone or brick. 
 
 thickness of walls. 
 
 Sec. 64. Foundation walls built of stone shall be at least eiglit 
 inches thicker than the wall next above them to a depth of 
 twelve feet below the curb level ; and for every additional ten 
 feet, or part thereof, deeper, they shall be increased four inches 
 in thickness. If built of brick, they shall be at least four inches 
 thicker than the wall next above them to a depth of twelve feet 
 below the curb level ; and for every additional ten feet, or part 
 thereof, deeper, they shall be increased four inches thicker.
 
 —172— 
 
 CONSTIU'CTION OF WALLS. 
 
 Sec. 65. The footing- or base course of foundation walls shall 
 be of stone or concrete, or both, or of concrete and stepped-up 
 brick work, of sufficient thickness and area to safely bear the 
 wei.e^ht to be imposed thereon ; if the footing- or base course be 
 of concrete, the concrete shall not be less than twelve inches thick; 
 if of stone, the stones shall not be less than two by three feet, and 
 at least eight inches in thickness for walls, and at least twelve 
 inches wider than the bottom width of said walls, and not less 
 than ten inches in thickness if under piers, columns or posts, and at 
 least twelve inches wider on all sides than the bottom width of 
 said piers, columns or posts. All base stones shall be well bedded 
 and laid crosswise, edge to edge. If stepped-up footings of brick 
 are used in place of stone, above the concrete, the off-sets, if laid in 
 single courses, shall each not exceed one and one-half inches, or 
 if laid in double courses, shall not exceed three inches, starting 
 with the brickwork covering the entire width of the concrete, so as 
 to properly distribute the load to be imposed thereon. 
 
 CONSTRUCTION OF PIERS. 
 
 Sec. 66. If, in place of a continuous foundation wall, isolated 
 piers are to be built to support the superstructure, where the 
 nature of the ground and the character of the building make it 
 necessary, inverted arches shall be turned between the piers, at 
 least twelve inches thick and of the full width of the piers, and 
 resting upon a continuous bed of concrete of sufficient area, and 
 at least eighteen inches thick ; or two footing courses of large 
 stone may be used, the bottom course to be laid crosswise, edge 
 to edge, and the top course laid lengthwise, end to end; or one 
 course of concrete and, one course of stone. The stone shall not 
 be less than ten inches thick in each course, and the concrete shall 
 not be less than eighteen inches thick, and the area of the lower 
 course shall be equal to the area of the base course that would be 
 required under a continuous wall, and the outside pier shall be se- 
 cured to the second piers with suitable iron rods and plates. 
 
 USE OF PIERS IN ANY PART OF STRUCTURE. 
 
 Sec. 67. All piers shall be built of stone or good, hard, well- 
 burnt brick, laid in cement mortar. Every pier built of brick.
 
 —173— 
 
 containing less than nine superficial feet at the base, supporting 
 any beam, girder, arch or column on which a wall rests, or lintel 
 spanning an opening over ten feet and supporting a wall, shall at 
 intervals of not over thirty inches apart in height have built into 
 it a bond stone not less than four inches thick, or a cast iron plate 
 of sufficient strength, and the full size of the piers. Isolated 
 brick piers shall not exceed in height eight times their least dimen- 
 sions. Stone piers or posts for the support of posts or columns 
 above shall not be used in the interior of any building. Where 
 walls or piers are built of coursed stone, .with dressed level beds 
 and vertical joints, the inspector of buildings shall have the right 
 to allow such walls or piers to be built of a less thickness than 
 specified for brick work, but in no case shall said walls or piers be 
 less than three quarters of the thickness provided for brick work. 
 
 HEADERS. 
 
 Sec. 68. All stone walls twenty-four inches or less in thickness 
 shall have at least one header extending through the wall in every 
 three feet in height from the bottom of the wall, and in every four 
 feet in length, and if over twenty-four inches in thickness, shall 
 have one header for every six superficial feet on both sides of the 
 wall, laid on top of each other to bond together, and running into 
 the wall at least two feet. All headers shall be at east eighteen 
 inches in width and eight inches in thickness and consist of good 
 flat stones. No stone shall be laid in such walls in any other po- 
 sition than on its natural bed. 
 
 DEPTH OF V/ALLS. 
 
 Sec. 69. Every building except buildings erected upon wharves 
 or piers on a water-front, shall have foundations laid not less than 
 four feet below the surface of the ground, on the solid earth or on 
 level surface of rock, or upon piles of ranging timbers when solid 
 earth or rock is not obtainable for foundations. 
 
 WALLS ON PILES. 
 
 Sec. 70. Piles intended for a wall, pier or post to rest upon, 
 shall not be less than six inches in diameter at the smallest end, 
 and shall be spaced not more than thirty-six inches on centers, or 
 nearer if required by the inspector of buildings, and shall be
 
 driven to a solid boariiii;'. Xo pile shall be weis^lilcd with a Inad 
 exceeding- forty thousand pounds. The tops of all piles shall he cut 
 off below the lowest water line. When required, concrete shall 
 be rammed down in the interspaces between the heads of the 
 piles to a depth and thickness of not less than twelve inches, and 
 for one foot in width outside of the piles. Where ra'nging and 
 capping timbers are laid on piles for foundations, they shall be of 
 hard wood, not less than six inches thick, and properly joined 
 together and their tops laid below the water line. When crib 
 footings of iron or steel are used below the water level, the same 
 shall be entirely coated with coal tar. paraffine varnish, or other 
 suitable preparations before being placed in position. When foot- 
 ings of iron and steel for columns are placed below the water level, 
 they shall be similarly coated for preservation against rust. 
 
 CONNECTIONS WITH SEWERS. 
 
 Sec. 71. Before the walls of buildings are carried up above the 
 foundation walls, the cellars shall be connected with the street 
 sewers. Should there be no sewer in the street, or if the cellars 
 are below water, or below the sewer level, then provision shall be 
 made by the owner to prevent water accumulating in the cellars 
 to the injury of the foundations. 
 
 VAULTS UNDER SIDEWALKS. 
 
 Sec. 72. In buildings where the space under the sidewalk is 
 utilized, a sufficient stone or brick wall shall be built to retain the 
 roadway of the street, and the side, end or party walls of such 
 building shall extend under the sidewalk of sufficient thickness to 
 such wall. The roofs of all vaults shall be of incombustible mate- 
 rial. Openings in the roofs of vaults for the admission of coal 
 or light shall be covered with glass to measure not more than four 
 square inches each, set in iron frames or with iron covers having 
 a rough surface, and rabbetted flush with the sidewalk. When 
 areas are covered over, iron, or iron and glass combined, stone or 
 other incombustible material shall be used, and sufficient strength 
 in such covering shall be provided to insure safety to persons 
 walking on the same, and to carry the loads which may be placed 
 thereon. Open areas shall be properly protected with suitable 
 railings.
 
 — 175- 
 
 TH I CK NESS OF WALLS FOR HOUSES. 
 
 Sec. 7Z. The walls of all buildings which are to be used for 
 residence purposes, and also school buildings, twenty-six feet or 
 less in width between bearing walls, shall not be less in thickness 
 than the number of inches given in the following table : 
 
 Outside, Party 
 
 and Division 
 
 Walls. 
 
 One storj- 
 
 Two stories • 
 Three stories 
 Four stories- 
 Five stories . 
 Six stories • . 
 Seven stories 
 Eight stories 
 Nine stories- 
 Ten stories- ■ 
 
 j_. ij t/j 
 
 4-. ■:^ o 
 
 Base- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ment. 
 
 in 
 
 
 
 (/3 
 
 
 
 !/3 
 
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 NON-BEARING WALLS. 
 
 Sec. 74. All non-bearing walls of buildings hereinbefore speci- 
 fied may be four inches less in thickness ; provided, however, that 
 none are less than twelve inches thick, except as hereinafter speci- 
 fied. 
 
 PARTITION WALLS. 
 
 Sec. 75. Eight-inch brick partition walls may be built to sup- 
 port the beams in buildings used for residence purposes in which 
 the distance between the walls is not over thirty-three feet; pro- 
 vided, that no clear span is over twenty-six feet; but no such par- 
 tition wall shall be built having an eight-inch thick portion 
 measuring vertically more than forty feet. This clause shall not 
 be construed to prevent the use of iron girders or iron girders 
 and columns, or piers of masonr}', for the support of the walls and 
 ceiling over any room which has a clear span of more than twenty- 
 six feet between walls. If the clear span is to be over twenty-six 
 feet, then the bearing walls shall be increased four inches in thick- 
 ness for every twelve and one-half feet or part thereof that said 
 span is over twenty-six feet.
 
 —176— 
 
 THICKNESS OF WALLS FOR BUSINESS BUILDINGS. 
 
 Sec. 76. The walls of all business and manufacturing build- 
 ings, warehouses, stores, factories and stables, twenty-five feet or 
 less in width between walls or bearings, shall not be less in thick- 
 ness than the number of inches given in the following table : 
 
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 ^^'ALLS INCREASED BY LENGTH OF SPAN. 
 
 Sec. 17 . If there is to be a clear span of over twenty-five feet 
 between walls, the bearing walls shall be four inches more in thick- 
 ness than is in this section specified for even,' twelve and one-half 
 feet, or fraction thereof, that said walls are more than twenty- 
 five feet apart. All buildings, not excepting dwellings, that are 
 over one hundred and five feet in depth, without a cross wall, or 
 proper piers or buttresses, shall have the side or bearing walls 
 increased in thickness four inches more than is specified in the 
 respective sections of this title for the thickness of walls for every 
 one hundred and five feet, or part thereof, that the said buildings 
 are over one hundred and five feet in depth. In all business and 
 manufacturing buildings, warehouses, stores, factories and stables, 
 over twenty-five feet in width between walls in which there shall 
 be brick partition walls, or girders supported on iron or wooden 
 columns, or piers of masonry, and girders, shall be made of suffi- 
 cient strength and size to bear safely the weight and any lateral 
 strain to be imposed upon them. In case iron or wooden girders, 
 supported by iron or wooden columns, or piers of masonry, are sub- 
 stituted in place of brick partition walls, the building shall not
 
 —177— 
 
 exceed ten thousand feet area on the ground floor, except in case 
 of fire-proof buildings which may be constructed as hereinafter 
 provided for in section 104 of this chapter. In case the walls of 
 any building are less than twenty-five feet apart, and less than 
 forty feet in depth, or there are cross walls which intersect the 
 wall, not more than forty feet distant or between the same, or 
 piers or buttresses built into the walls, the interior walls may be 
 reduced in thickness in just proportion to the number of cross 
 walls, piers or buttresses, and their nearness to each other ; pro- 
 vided, hozvcz'cr, that this clause shall not apply to walls below sixty 
 feet in height, and that no such wall shall be less than twelve 
 inches thick at the top, and gradually increased in thickness by 
 set-ofifs to the bottom ; and the inspector of buildings is hereby 
 authorized and empowered to decide (except where herein other- 
 wise' provided for) how much the walls herein mentioned may be 
 permitted to be reduced in thickness, according to the peculiar 
 circumstances of each case, without endangering the strength and 
 safety of the building. 
 
 WALLS OF CHURCHES, THEATRES, ETC. 
 
 Sec. 78. The walls of churches, theatres, foundries, machine 
 shops, car houses, armories, public markets not over two stories 
 in height, and other buildings of a public character shall in no 
 case be less than is in this Act specified for warehouses ; and said 
 buildings shall have in addition thereto, such piers or buttresses 
 as, in the judgment of the inspector of buildings, may be neces- 
 sary to make a safe and substantial building. 
 
 WALLS OF one STORY STRUCTURES. 
 
 Sec. 79. One story structures, not exceeding a height of fif- 
 teen feet, may be built with eight-inch walls when the bearing 
 walls are not more than nineteen feet apart, and the length of the 
 eight-inch bearing wall does not exceed forty-five feet. 
 
 CURTAIN WALLS. 
 
 Sec. 80. Curtain walls of brick built between iron or steel 
 columns, shall be not less than twelve Jnches thick for sixty feet 
 of the uppermost height thereof, or to the nearest tier of beams
 
 —178— 
 
 to that measurement, and every lower section of sixty feet or to 
 the nearest tier of beams to that measurement of four inches more 
 than is required for the section next above it. 
 
 BONDING BRICK WALLS. 
 
 Sec, 81. In all brick walls every sixth course shall be a head- 
 ing course, except where walls are faced with brick in running 
 bond, in which latter case every sixth course shall be bonded into 
 the backing by cutting the course of the face brick and putting 
 in diagonal headers behind the same, or by splitting the face brick 
 in half and backing the same with a continuous row of headers. 
 
 THICKNESS OF ASHLAR. 
 
 Sec. 82. All stone used for the facing of any building, and 
 known as ashlar, shall not be less than four inches thick. Stone 
 ashlar shall be anchored to the backing and the backing shall be 
 of such thickness as to make the walls (independent of the ashlar) 
 conform to the thickness required by this chapter. Iron ashlar 
 plates in imitation of stone ashlar on the face of a wall shall 
 be backed up with the same thickness of brick work as stone 
 ashlar. 
 
 USE OF EXISTING PARTY WALLS. 
 
 Sec. 83. Walls heretofore built for or used as party walls, 
 whose thickness at the time of their erection was in accordance 
 with the requirements of the then existing laws, but which are not 
 in accordance with the requirements of this title, may be used if 
 in good condition for the ordinary uses of party wails, provided 
 the height of the same be not increased. In case it is desired to 
 increase the height of existing party or independent walls, which 
 walls are less in thickness than required under this title, the same 
 shall be done by a lining of brickwork to form a combined thick- 
 ness with the old wall of not less than four inches more than the 
 thickness required for a new wall corresponding with the total 
 height of the wall when so increased in height. The said lining 
 shall be supported on proper foundations and carried up to such 
 height as the inspector of buildings may require. No lining shall 
 be less than eight inches in thickness, and all lining shall be laid 
 up in cement mortar and thoroughly anchored to the old brick 
 walls with suitable wrought iron anchors, placed two feet apart
 
 —179— 
 
 and properly fastened or driven into the old walls in rows alternat- 
 ing vertically and horizontally with each other, the old walls being- 
 first cleaned of plaster or other coatings where any lining is to 
 be built against the same. 
 
 WALLS TO BE BUILT UNIFORMLY AND BONDED. 
 
 Sec. 84. In no case shall any wall or walls of any building be 
 carried up more than two stories in advance of any other wall, ex- 
 cept by permission of the inspector of buildings. The front, rear, 
 side and party walls shall be properly bonded together, or anchored 
 to each other every six feet in their height by wrought-iron tie 
 anchors, not less than one and a half inches by three-eighths of an 
 inch in size, and not less than twenty-four inches long. 
 
 W^ALLS TO BE BRACED DURING CONSTRUCTION. 
 
 Sec. 85. The walls of every building, during the erection or 
 alteration thereof, shall be strongly braced from the beams of 
 each story, and when required, shall also be braced from the out- 
 side, until the building is inclosed. The roof tier of wooden beams 
 shall be safely anchored with plank or joist to the beams of the 
 story below until the building is inclosed. 
 
 Every temporary support placed under any structure, wall, 
 girder or beam, during the erection, finishing, alteration or re- 
 pairing of any building or structure, or any part thereof, shall be 
 of sufficient strength to safely carry the load to be placed thereon. 
 
 HEIGHT OF STORIES. 
 
 Sec. 86. The height of all stories for all given thicknesses of 
 walls must not exceed eleven feet in the clear for the basement, 
 seventeen feet in the clear for the first story, fourteen feet in the 
 clear for the second story, and twelve feet in the clear in all stories 
 above the second. If any story exceed these heights respectively 
 the walls of such story and the walls of all stories below the same 
 shall be increased four inches in thickness additional to the thick- 
 nesses already mentioned. 
 
 WALLS OF LIGHT OR VENT SHAFTS. 
 
 Sec. 87. In every building hereafter erected, all the walls or 
 partitions forming interior light or vent shafts shall be built of
 
 —180— 
 
 l)rick or such other firc-jM-oof materials as may be approved by 
 the inspector of biiilding-s. The walls of all light or vent shafts, 
 whedier exterior or interior, hereafter erected, shall be carried up 
 not less than three feet above the level of the roof. 
 
 PARTITION WALLS. 
 
 Sec. 88. Eiiiht-inch brick and six-inch and four-inch hojlow 
 tile partition walls of hard-burnt clay or porous terra cotta may 
 be built, not exceding in their vertical portion a measurement of 
 fifty, thirty-six and twenty-four feet respectively, and in their 
 horizontal measurement a leng-th not exceeding- seventy-five feet, 
 unless strengthened by proper cross walls, piers or buttresses 
 bonded into same. All such walls shall be carried on proper 
 foundations or on iron girders, or on iron girders and columns or 
 piers of masonry. One line of fore and aft partitions in the cellar 
 or lowest story, supporting stud partitions above, in all buildings 
 over eighteen feet between bearing walls in the cellar or lowest 
 story, hereafter erected, shall be constructed of brick not less 
 than eight inches thick, or piers of brick with openings arched 
 over below the underside of the first tier of beams, or piers of 
 brick, or iron columns, with wooden girders when the first tier of 
 floor beams are of wood, or iron or steel girders when the floor 
 beams are of iron or steel, or rolled iron or steel beams of sufficient 
 strength to span the entire width for the first tier of beams may 
 be used, and the stairs shall be inclosed by a suitable brick wall 
 carried up to the top of the tier of beams nearest the curb line. 
 
 Fore and aft stud partitions and such other main stud parti- 
 tions as ma}- be required by the inspector of buildings, which may 
 be placed in the cellar or lowest story of any building, shall have 
 good solid stone or brick foundation walls under the same, which 
 shall be built up to the top of the floor beams or sleepers, and the 
 sills of said partitions shall be of yellow pine or other suitable 
 hard wood ; but if the walls are built five inches higher of brick 
 than top of the floor beams or sleepers, any wooden sill may be 
 used on which the studs shall be set. Fore and aft stud partitions 
 that rest directly over each other shall run through the wooden 
 floor beams and rest on the plate of the partition below. All 
 girders supporting the first tier of wooden beams in buildings shall 
 be supported by brick piers, or iron, locust or other suitable hard 
 wood posts of sufficient strength on proper foundations.
 
 —181— 
 
 RECESSES AND CHASES IN WALLS. 
 
 Sec. 8Q. Recesses for stairways or elevators may be left in the 
 foundation or cellar walls of all buildings, but in no case shall the 
 walls.be of less thickness than the walls of the third story, unless 
 reinforced by additional piers, with iron girders or iron columns 
 and girders, securely anchored to walls on each side of recess. 
 No chase for water or other pipes shall be made in any wall more 
 than one-third of its thickness, and the chases around said pipe 
 or pipes shall be filled up with solid masonry for the space of one 
 foot at the top and bottom of each story. Recesses for alcoves 
 and similar purposes shall in no case have less than eight inches 
 of brick work at the back of such recesses, and provided that such 
 recesses shall not be more than eight feet in width, and shall be 
 arched over and not carried up higher than eighteen inches below 
 the bottom of the beams of the floor next above. The aggregate 
 area of recesses in any wall shall not exceed one-fourth of the 
 whole area of the face of the wall on any story, nor shall any such 
 recess be made within a distance of six feet from any other one in 
 the same wall. 
 
 openings for doors AND WINDOWS. 
 
 Sec. 90. Openings for doors and windows in all buildings, ex- 
 cept as otherwise provided, shall have good and sufficient arches 
 of stone, brick or terra cotta, well built and keyed with good and 
 sufficient abutments, or lintels of stone as follows : For an open- 
 ing not more than four feet in width, the lintel shall not be less 
 than eight inches in height ; and for an opening not more than six 
 feet in width, the lintel shall not be less than twelve inches in 
 height; and for an opening exceeding six feet in width, and not 
 more than eight feet in width, the lintel shall be the full thickness 
 of the wall to be supported, and not less than fifteen inches in 
 height. Every stone lintel over such opening six feet or less in 
 width, in all walls, shall not be less than four inches thick, and 
 shall have a bearing at each end of not less than five inches on 
 the wall. On the inside of all openings in which the stone lintel 
 shall be less than the thickness of the wall to be supported, there 
 shall be a good timber lintel on the inside of the stone lintel, 
 which shall rest at each end not more than three inches on any 
 wall, and shall be chamfered at each end, and shall have a double 
 row-lock or bonded arch turned over the timber lintel ; or the
 
 —182— 
 
 inside lintel may be of oast-iron, and in such case stone blocks or 
 cast-iron plates shall not be required at the ends where the lintel 
 rests on the walls provided the opening is not more than six feet 
 in width. 
 
 PROTECTION FROM FIRES, 
 
 Sec. 91. In all furred or studded walls the course of brick 
 above the under side and below the top of each tier of floor beams 
 shall project the thickness of the furring or studs, to more effec- 
 tually prevent the spread of fire. The walls and piers of all 
 buildings shall be properly bonded and solidly put together with 
 close joints filled with mortar. They shall be built to a line and 
 be carried up plumb and straight. The walls of each story shall 
 be built up the full thickness to the top of the beams above. 
 
 CELLAR FLOOR AND CEILINGS. 
 
 Sec. 92. The floor of the cellar or the lowest story in every 
 dwelling house, tenement house, apartment house, lodging house 
 and hotel hereafter erected, shall be brick paved or concreted with 
 suitable materials. The ceiling over every cellar or lowest floor in 
 dwelling houses more than three stories in height, when the beams 
 are of wood, shall be lathed with metal lath and plastered thereon 
 with a heavy coat of brown mortar of good materials. 
 
 BACKING FOR WAINSCOTING. 
 
 Sec. 93. When wood wainscoting is used in any building 
 hereafter erected, the surface of the wall or partition behind such 
 wainscoting shall be plastered down to the floor line, and any in- 
 tervening space between the said plastering and wainscoting shall 
 be filled in solid with incombustible material. 
 
 FIRE STOPS. 
 
 Sec. 94. All buildings in the fire district hereafter built shall 
 have fire stops of incombustible material at each floor, from the 
 bottom of the floor joists to three inches above the top of the 
 same. Said fire stops at each floor shall fill the space full between 
 all of the studding, and between all furring on external walls of 
 the building and throughout the interior wherever the floor joists 
 have a bearing. All buildings outside the fire district hereafter
 
 —183— 
 
 built shall have a fire stop similar to the above at the first floor, 
 and at each floor above the first shall have a smoke stop of wood 
 the full width of studding and not less than two inches thick. An 
 incombustible fire stop shall be put around all vertical piping; at 
 each floor in all buildings. All ventilation ducts or pipes shall be 
 of incombustible materials in all buidings. 
 
 BUILDINGS FOR RESIDENCES OVER STORES. 
 
 Sec. 95. All buildings three stories in height and over, which 
 are used for residence purposes over a store, or stores, shall have 
 the whole space of the second story floor over said store or stores 
 protected by an approved fire-proof material, or a layer at least 
 one inch thick of tile, brick, terra cotta or like fire-made material ; 
 plaster, cement, cinder, or ashes, or a combination of the same, 
 laid between the under and upper flooring or between the joists. 
 
 AUTHORITIES. 
 
 Sec. 96. The dimensions of each piece or combination of mate- 
 rials required shall be ascertained by computation according to the 
 rules and data given in Haswell's Mechanics' and Engineers' 
 Pocket Book, Trautwine's Engineers' Pocket Book, or Kidder's 
 Architects' and Builders' Pocket Book, except as may be otherwise 
 provided in this title. 
 
 Stresses for materials and forms of same not herein mentioned 
 shall be those determined by the best modern practice. 
 
 FACTORS OF SAFETY. 
 
 Sec. 97. The factors of safety shall be as one to four for all 
 beams, girders and other pieces subject to a traverse strain; as 
 one to four for all posts, columns, or other vertical supports when 
 of wrought-iron or rolled steel, and as one to six for cast-iron 
 posts, columns or other vertical supports ; as one to five for other 
 materials subject to a compression strain, and as one to six for 
 tie-rods, tie-beams, and other pieces subject to a tensile strain. 
 
 STRENGTH OF COLUMNS. 
 
 Sec. 98. The strength of all columns and posts shall be com- 
 puted according to Gordon's formula, and the crushing weights in 
 pounds to the square inch of section, used as coefficients in said
 
 —184— 
 
 formula, shall not exceed the followini^ for materials named, 
 
 namely : 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 Cast-iron 80,000 
 
 Rolled steel 50,000 
 
 Wrought or rolled iron 40,000 
 
 American oak 4,500 
 
 Pitch, or Georgia vellow pine 5,000 
 
 White pine . .^. . . .' 3,500 
 
 Spruce 4,000 
 
 STRRXGTII OF P.KAMS. 
 
 Sec. 99. The breaking load in pounds applied at the center 
 of wooden beams and girders shall be computed according to the 
 following formula, namely : 
 
 Breaking load = in which 
 
 b := breadth of beam in inches, 
 d = depth of beam in inches. 
 L =: to span to center of bearings in feet. 
 The values of A for the several woods are as follows, namely: 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 Hemlock 212 
 
 Spruce 280 
 
 White pine 240 
 
 Pitch, or Georgia yellow pine 400 
 
 American oak 300 
 
 The wooden beams and girders carrying a uniformly distributed 
 load the constants will be doubled. 
 
 STRENGTH OF FLOORS AND ROOFS. 
 
 Sec. 100. In every building to be used as a dwelling house, 
 tenement house, or lodging house, each floor shall be of sufficient 
 strength to bear safely upon every superficial foot not less than 
 sixty pounds ; if to be used as a schoolhouse or place of instruction, 
 not less than seventy five pounds upon every superficial foot ; if 
 to be used as a hotel or apartment-house not less than sixty 
 pounds upon every superficial foot and one hundred pounds upon 
 every superficial foot in all halls, corridors, offices, dining rooms, 
 cafes and in all other rooms and spaces for public use ; if to be 
 used as a place of public assembly not less than one hundred and
 
 _185— 
 
 ten pounds upon every superficial foot ; if to be used for ordinary 
 stores, light manufacturing and light storage not less than one 
 hundred and twenty pounds upon every superficial foot ; if to be 
 used as a store where heavy materials are kept or stored, ware- 
 house, factory or for any other manufacturing or commercial pur- 
 pose, not less than one hundred and fifty pounds upon every super- 
 ficial foot. 
 
 Every floor shall be of sufficient strength to bear safely the 
 weight to be imposed thereon in addition to the weight of the 
 materials of which the floor is composed. 
 
 The strength of factory floors intended to carry running ma- 
 chinery shall be increased above the minimum given to be trans- 
 mitted to the floor as may be required by the inspector of build- 
 ings. 
 
 The roof of all buildings shall be proportioned to bear safely 
 forty pounds upon every superficial foot of their surface in addi- 
 tion to the weight of the material composing the same. 
 
 WEIGHT THAT FLOOR WILL SUSTAIN, 
 
 Sec. 101. In all warehouses, storehouses, factories, workshops, 
 stores, and other buildings where heavy materials are kept or 
 stored, or machinery introduced, the weight that each floor will 
 safely sustain upon each superficial foot thereof shall be estimated 
 by the owner, or occupant, or by a competent person employed by 
 the owner, or occupant. Before any building hereafter erected 
 is occupied, and used, in whole or in part, for any of the purposes 
 aforesaid, and before any building erected prior to the passage of 
 this act, but not at such time occupied for any of the aforesaid 
 purposes, is occupied or used, in whole or in part, for any of said 
 purposes, the weight that each floor will safely sustain upon each 
 superficial foot thereof shall be ascertained and posted in a con- 
 spicuous place on each story of the building to which it relates. 
 The weight placed on any of the floors of any building shall be 
 safely distributed thereon, and the inspector of buildings may 
 require the owner or occupant of any building, or of any portion 
 thereof, to re-distribute where he may deem the same to be neces- 
 sary for the protection of life and property.
 
 —186— 
 
 WEIGHT OF BUILOING MATERIAL. 
 
 Sec. 102. In computing- the weight of walls, a cubic foot of 
 brick work shall be deemed to weigh one hundred and fifteen 
 pounds. Sandstone, white marble, granite and other kinds of 
 building stone shall be deemed to weig"h one hundred and sixty 
 pounds per cubic foot. The safe-bearing load to apply to good 
 brick work shall be taken at eight tons per superficial foot, when 
 good lime mortar is used; eleven and one-half tons per superficial 
 foot, when good lime and cement mortar mixed is used ; and fif- 
 teen tons per superficial foot when good cement mortar is used. 
 
 SAFE BEARING LOADS FOR EARTH AND CONCRETE. 
 
 Sec. 103. Good, solid, natural earth shall be deemed to safely 
 sustain a load of four tons to the superficial foot, or as otherwise 
 determined by the inspector of buildings, and the width of the 
 footing courses shall be at least sufficient to meet this require- 
 ment. 
 
 The safe-bearing load to apply to good concrete shall be taken 
 at eleven tons per superficial foot. 
 
 BUILDINGS TO BE FIREPROOF. 
 
 Sec. 104. Every building hereafter erected or altered to be 
 used as a hotel or apartment house, the height of which exceeds 
 sixty feet ; and every building hereafter erected or altered to be 
 used as a s^choolhouse, place of instruction, hospital, asylum, or 
 institution for the treatment of persons, the height of which ex- 
 ceeds forty-five feet; and every other building the height of which 
 exceeds seventy-five feet, except grain elevators and church spires, 
 shall be built fireproof. Said fireproof construction to consist of 
 non-combustible materials throughout, except that wood may be 
 used for under and surface floors, window and door frames, 
 sashes, doors, standing finish such as architraves or trim, hand- 
 rails for stairs, necessary sleepers bedded in concrete or other 
 approved non-combustible material, and for isolated furring blocks 
 bedded in the plaster. There shall be no air space behind or sur- 
 rounding any woodwork.
 
 —187— 
 
 FIREPROOF CONSTRUCTION AND FIREPROOFING. 
 
 Sec, 105. The floors and roofs of all fireproof buildings shall 
 be constructed of iron or steel beams, with brick, hard-burnt clay, 
 or porous terra cotta arches, or of iron or steel beams with 
 wro-ught-iron or steel bars, wire strands, expanded metal or wire 
 cloth in approved combination with other non-combustible ma- 
 terial, proinded, hozvever, that any system of fireproof floor con- 
 struction consisting of a combination of metal and non-combusti- 
 ble material shall be subject to the approval of the inspector of 
 buildings before being used. 
 
 All constructional iron or steel work shall be protected in every 
 part at least two inches in thickness of hard-burnt clay, porous 
 terra cotta, or other approved fireproof material allowed to be 
 used for the filling between the beams under the provisions of this 
 section, such incasing material to be properly secured to the iron 
 and steel work. In the case of columns the extreme outer edge of 
 lugs, brackets, and similar supporting metal may project to within 
 seven-eighths of an inch of the surface of the fireproofing. 
 
 Brick, hard-burnt clay, and porous terra cotta arches to be laid 
 on centers with close joints well filled with Portland cement mortar 
 in the proportions of not more than two of sand to one of 
 cement by measure. The arches constructed in such a manner 
 that the key blocks shall always fall in the central portion. 
 
 IRON AND STEEL CONSTRUCTION — FIBER STRESS FOR STEEL 
 
 AND IRON. 
 
 Sec. 106. All girders, beams, corbels, brackets and trusses, if 
 made of steel, shall be so proportioned that the maximum fiber 
 stress will not exceed 16,000 pounds per square inch ; or if made 
 of rolled or wrought-iron, the maximum fiber stress shall not ex- 
 ceed 12,000 pounds per square inch. 
 
 Iron or steel floor beams shall be so arranged as to spacing and 
 length of beams that the load to be supported by them, together 
 with the weights of the materials used in the construction of the 
 said floors, shall not cause a deflection of the said beams of more 
 than one-thirtieth of an inch per linear foot of span; and they 
 shall be tied together at intervals of not more than eight times 
 the depth of the beam.
 
 —188— 
 
 MAXIiMUIM STKKSSES IX RIVETED PLATE GIRDERS. 
 
 Sec. 107. The niaxiimnn stresses in riveted plate girders shall 
 not exceed the following, nan'iely : Stresses in top and bottom 
 flanges 14,000 pounds per square inch for steel, and 12,000 pounds 
 per square inch for iron, net area in each case; shearing stress in 
 web 9,000 pounds per square inch for steel, and 6,000 pounds per 
 square inch for iron, but no web plate shall be less than three- 
 eighths of an inch in thickness. Riveted plate girders shall be pro- 
 portioned upon the supposition that the bending on flanges strains 
 are resisted entirely by the upper and lower flanges, and that the 
 shearing strains arc resisted entirely by the web plate. No part 
 of the web shall be estimated as flange area. The distance be- 
 tween the centers of gravity of the flange areas shall be consid- 
 ered as the effective depth of the girder. Rivets in plate girders 
 shall not be less than three-quarters of an inch in diameter. 
 
 The maximum stress per square inch of rivet area (single shear) 
 shall not exceed the following for all kinds of riveted work, 
 namely : For shop driven rivets 10,000 pounds for steel and 
 7,500 pounds for iron, and for field driven rivets 8,000 pounds for 
 steel, and 6,000 pounds for iron. The maximum direct bearing 
 for rivets and pins shall not exceed 20,000 pounds per square inch 
 for steel, and 15,000 pounds per square inch for wrought-iron. 
 
 skeleton construction. 
 
 Sec. 108. Where columns are used to support iron or steel 
 girders carrying inclosure walls, the said columns shall be of cast- 
 iron, wrought-iron, or rolled steel, and on their exposed outer and 
 inner surfaces be constructed to resist fire by having a casing of 
 brickwork not les^ than eight inches in thickness on the outer 
 surfaces, nor less than four inches in thickness on the inner 
 surfaces, and all bonded into the brickwork of the inclosure walls. 
 The exposed sides of the iron or steel girders shall be similarly 
 covered in with brickw'ork not less than four inches in thickness 
 on the outer surfaces and tied and bonded, but the extreme outer 
 edge of the flanges of beams, or plates or angles connected to the 
 beams, may project to within two inches of the outside surface of 
 the brick casing. The inside surfaces of girders may be similarly 
 covered with brickwork, or if projecting inside of the wall, they 
 shall be protected by terra cotta, concrete or other fireproof ma-
 
 —189— 
 
 terial. Girders for the support of the inclosure walls shall be 
 placed at the floor line of each story. 
 
 STEEL AND WROUGHT-IRON COLUMNS. 
 
 Sec. 109. No part of a steel or wrought-iron column shall be 
 less than one-quarter of an inch thick. No wrought-iron or rolled 
 steel column shall have an unsupported length of more than forty 
 times its least lateral dimension or diameter, except in such cases 
 as the inspector of buildings may specially allow a greater unsup- 
 ported length. The ends of all columns shall be faced to a plane 
 surface at right angles to the axis of the columns and the con- 
 nection between them shall be made with splice plates. The 
 joint may be effected by rivets of sufficient size and number to 
 transmit the entire stress, and then the splice plates shall be 
 equal in sectional area to the area of column spliced. When the 
 section of the column^ to be spliced is such that spliced plates 
 cannot be used, a connection formed of plates and angles may be 
 used, designed to properly distribute the stress. No material, 
 whether in the body of the column or used as lattice-bar or stay- 
 plate, shall be used in any v>Tought-iron or steel column of less 
 thickness than one-thirty-second of its unsupported width meas- 
 ured between centers of rivets transversely, or one sixteenth the 
 distance between centers of rivets in the direction of the stress. 
 Stay-plates are to have not less than four rivets, and are to be 
 spaced so that the ratio of length by the least radius of gyration 
 of the parts connected does not exceed forty ; the distance between 
 nearest rivets of two stay-plates shall in this case be considered 
 as length. Steel and wrought-iron columns shall be made in 
 one, two or three-story lengths, and the materials shall be rolled 
 in one length wherever practicable to avoid intemiediate splices. 
 Where any part of the section of a column projects beyond that of 
 the column below, the difference shall be made up by filling plates 
 secured to column by the proper number of rivets. Shoes of iron 
 or steel, as described for cast-iron columns, or built shoes of plates 
 and shapes may be used, complying with the same requirements. 
 
 CAST-IRON COLUMNS. 
 
 Sec. 110. Cast-iron columns shall not have less diameter than 
 five inches, or less thickness than three-quarters of an inch. Nor 
 shall they have an unsupported length of more than twenty times
 
 —190— 
 
 their least lateral dimensions or diameter, except the same may 
 form part of an elevator inclosure or staircase, and also except 
 in such cases as the inspector of buildings may specially allow a 
 greater unsupported length. All cast-iron columns shall be of 
 good workmanship and material. The top and bottom flanges, 
 seats and lugs shall be of ample strength, reinforced by fillets and 
 brackets ; they shall be not less than one inch in thickness when 
 finished. All columns must be faced at the ends to a true sur- 
 face perpendicular to the axis of the column. Column joints shall 
 be secured by not less than four bolts each, not less than three- 
 quarters of an inch in diameter. The holes for these bolts shall 
 be drilled to a template. The core of a column below a joint shall 
 be not larger than the core of the column above and the metal 
 shall be tapered down for a distance of not less than six inches, or 
 a joint plate may be inserted of sufficient strength to distribute 
 the load. The thickness of metal shall be not less than one- 
 twelfth the diameter or the greatest lateral dimension of cross sec- 
 tion, but never less than three-quarters of an inch. Wherever 
 the core of a cast-iron column has shifted more than one-fourth 
 the thickness of the shell, the strength shall be computed assum- 
 ing the thickness of metal all around equal to the thinnest part, 
 and the column shall be condemned if this computation shows the 
 strength to be less than required by this ordinance. Wherever 
 blowholes or imperfections are found in a cast-iron column which 
 reduces the area of the cross-section at that point more than ten 
 per cent., such column shall be condemned. Cast-iron posts or 
 columns not cast with one open side or back, before being set up 
 in place, shall have a three-eighths of an inch hole drilled in the 
 shaft of each post or column, by the manufacturer or contractor 
 furnishing the same, to exhibit the thickness of the castings ; and 
 any other similar sized hole or holes which the inspector of build- 
 ings may require, shall be drilled in the said posts or columns by 
 the said manufacturer or contractor at his own expense. 
 
 Iron or steel shoes or plates shall be used under the bottom tier 
 of columns to properly distribute the load on the foundation. Shoes 
 shall be placed on top. 
 
 DOUBLE COLUMNS. 
 
 Sec. 111. In all buildings hereafter erected or altered, where 
 any iron or steel column or columns are used to support a wall or
 
 —191— 
 
 part thereof, whether the same be an exterior or an interior wall, 
 and columns located below the level of the sidewalk which are 
 used to support exterior walls or arches over vaults, the said col- 
 umn or columns shall be either constructed double, that is, an 
 outer and an inner column, the inner column alone to be of suffi- 
 cient strength to sustain safely the weight to be imposed thereon, 
 and the outer columns shall be one inch shorter than the inner 
 columns, or such other iron or steel column of sufficient strength, 
 and protected with not less than two inches of fireproof material 
 securely applied, except that double or protected columns shall not 
 be required for walls fronting on streets or courts. 
 
 PARTY WALL POSTS. 
 
 Sec. 112. If iron or steel posts are to be used as party posts 
 in front of a party wall, and intended for two buildings, then the 
 said posts shall be not less in width than the thickness of the party 
 wall, nor less in depth than the thickness of the wall to be sup- 
 ported above. Iron or s,teel posts in front of side, division or 
 party walls, shall be filled up solid with masonry and made per- 
 fectly tight between the posts and walls. Intermediate posts 
 may be used, which shall be sufficiently strong, and the lintels 
 thereon shall have sufficient bearings to carry the weight above 
 with safety. 
 
 PLATES BETWEEN JOINTS OF OPEN BACK COLUMNS. 
 
 Sec. 113. Iron or steel posts' or columns with one or more open 
 side-s and backs shall have solid iron plates on top of each, except- 
 ing where pierced for the passage of pipes. 
 
 STEEL AND IRON GIRDERS. 
 
 Sec. 114. Rivets in flanges shall be spaced so that the least 
 value of a rivet for either shear or bearing is equal or greater than 
 the increment of strain due to the distance between adjoining riv- 
 ets. All other rules given under riveting shall be followed. The 
 length of rivets between heads shall be limited to four times the 
 diameter. The compression flange of plate girders shall be se- 
 cured against buckling, if its length exceeds thirty times its width. 
 If splices are used, they shall fully make good the members spliced
 
 —192— 
 
 in either tension or compression. Stiffeners shall be provided 
 over supports and under concentrated loads ; they shall be of suf- 
 ficient strength, as a column, to carry the loads, and shall be con- 
 nected with a sufficient number of rivets to transmit the stresses 
 into the web plate. Stiflfeners shall fit so as to support the flanges 
 of the girders. If the unsupported depth of the web plate ex- 
 ceeds sixty times its thickness, stiffeners shall be used at intervals 
 not exceeding one hundred and twenty times the thickness of the 
 web. 
 
 ROLLED STEEL AND WROUGIIT-IRON BEAMS USED AS GIRDERS. 
 
 Sec. 115. When rolled steel or wrought-iron beams are used 
 in pairs to form a girder, they shall be connected together by 
 bolts and iron separators at intervals of not more than six times 
 the depth of the beam and in any case not more than six feet. 
 All beams twelve inches and over in depth shall have at least two 
 bolts to each separator. 
 
 CAST-IRON LINTELS. 
 
 Sec. 116. Cast-iron lintels shall not be used for spans exceed- 
 ing twelve feet. Cast-iron lintels or beams shall be not less than 
 three-quarters of an inch in thickness in any of their parts. 
 
 PLATES UNDER ENDS OF LINTELS AND GIRDERS. 
 
 Sec. 117. When the lintels or girders are supported at the 
 ends by brick walls or piers they shall rest upon cut granite, East 
 Haven stone, or bluestone blocks at least eight inches thick, or 
 upon cast-iron plates of equal strength by the full size of the 
 bearings. In case the opening is less than twelve feet, the stone 
 blocks may be five inches in thickness, or cast-iron plates of equal 
 strength by the full size of the bearings, may be used, provided 
 that in all cases the safe loads do not exceed those fixed by sec- 
 tion 102 of this ordinance. 
 
 ROLLED STEEL AND WROUGHT-IRON FLOOR AND ROOF BEAMS. 
 
 Sec. 118. All rolled steel and wrought-iron floor and roof 
 beams used in buildings shall be of full weight, straight and free
 
 —193— 
 
 from injurious defects. Holes for tie rods shall be placed as near 
 the thrust of the arch as practicable. The distance between tie 
 rods in floors shall not exceed eight feet, and shall not exceed 
 eight times the depth of floor beams twelve inches and under. 
 Channels or other shapes where used as skewbacks, shall have a 
 sufficient resisting moment to take up the thrust of the arch. 
 Bearing plates of stone or metal shall be used to reduce the pres- 
 sure on the wall to the working stress. Beams resting on girders 
 shall be securely riveted or bolted to the same; where joined on a 
 girder, tie straps of one-half inch net sectional area shall be used, 
 with rivets or bolts to correspond. Anchors shall be provided at 
 the ends of all such beams bearing on walls. 
 
 TEMPLATES UNDER ENDS OF STEEL OR IRON FLOOR BEAMS. 
 
 Sec. 119. Under the ends of all iron or steel beams where they 
 rest on the walls, a stone or cast-iron template shall be built into 
 the walls. Templates under ends of steel or iron beams shall be 
 of such dimensions as to bring no greater pressure upon the 
 brickwork than that allowed by section 103 of this ordinance. 
 When rolled iron or steel floor beams, not exceeding six inches in 
 depth, are placed not more than thirty inches on centers, no tem.- 
 plates shall be required. 
 
 FRAMING AND CONNECTING STRUCTURAL WORK. 
 
 Sec. 120. All iron or steel trimmer beams, headers, and tail 
 beams, shall be suitably framed and connected together, and the 
 iron or steel girders, columns, beams, trusses and all other iron 
 work of all floors and roofs shall be strapped, bolted, anchored 
 and connected together, and to the walls. 
 
 All beams framed into and supported by other beams or girders, 
 shall be connected thereto by angles or knees of a proper size and 
 thickness, and have sufficient bolts or rivets in both legs of each 
 connecting angle to transmit the entire weight or load coming on 
 the beam to the supporting beam or girder. In no case shall the 
 shearing value of the bolts or rivets or the bearing value of the 
 connection ankles, provided for in this ordinance, be exceeded.
 
 —194— 
 
 RIVETING OF STRUCTURAL STEEL AND WROUGIIT-IKON WORK. 
 
 Sec. 121. 'I1ic distance fn^n center of a rivet hole to the ed^c 
 of the material shall be not less than — 
 
 ^ of an inch for 3^ inch rivets. 
 
 % of an inch for ^ inch rivets. 
 l}i of an inch for j4 inch rivets. 
 1^ of an inch for % inch rivets. 
 13^ of an inch for 1 inch rivets. 
 
 Wherever possible, however, the distance shall be equal to two 
 diameters. All rivets, wherever practicable, shall be machine 
 driven. The rivets in connections shall be proportioned and 
 placed to suit the stresses. The pitch of rivets shall never be less 
 than three diameters of the rivet, nor more than six inches. In 
 the direction of the stress it shall not exceed sixteen times the 
 least thickness of the outside member. At right angles to the 
 stress it shall not exceed thirty-two times the least thickness of 
 the outside member. All holes shall be punched accurately, so 
 that upon assembling a cold rivet will enter the hole without 
 straining the material by drifting. Occasional slight errors shall 
 be corrected by reaming. The rivets shall fill the holes com- 
 pletely ; the heads shall be hemispherical and concentric with the 
 axis of the rivet. Gussets shall be provided wherever required, 
 of sufficient thickness and size to accommodate the number of 
 rivets necessary to make a connection. 
 
 BOLTING OF STRUCTURAL STEEL AND WROUGHT-IRON WORK. 
 
 Sec. 122. Where riveting is not made mandatory connections 
 may be affected by bolts. These bolts shall be of wrought-iron 
 or mild steel, and they shall have U. S. standard threads. The 
 threads shall be full and clean, the nut shall be truly concentric 
 with the bolt, and the thread shall be of sufficient length to allow 
 the nut to be screwed up tightly. When bolts go through bevel 
 flanges, bevel washers to match shall be used so that head and 
 nut of bolt are parallel. When bolts are used for suspenders, the 
 working stresses shall be reduced for wrought-iron to ten thou- 
 sand pounds and for steel to fourteen thousand pounds per square 
 inch of net area, and the load shall be transmitted into the head 
 or nut by strong washers distributing the pressure evenly over the 
 entire surface of the same. Turned bolts in reamed holes shall be 
 deemed a substitute for field rivets.
 
 —195— 
 
 STEEL AND VVROUGHT-IRON TRUSSES. 
 
 Sec. 123. Trusses shall be of such design that the stresses in 
 each member can be calculated. All trusses shall be held rigidly 
 in position by efficient systems of lateral and sway bracing, struts 
 shall be spaced so that the maximum limit of length shall not be 
 greater than one hundred times the least radius of gyration. Any 
 member of a truss subjected to transverse stress, in addition to 
 direct tension or compression, shall have the stresses causing such 
 strain added to the direct stresses coming on the member. The 
 compression and tension stresses shall not exceed 16,000 pounds 
 per square inch of net area in any member. 
 
 RIVETED STEEL AND WROUGHT-IRON TRUSSES. 
 
 Sec. 124. For tension members, the actual net area only, after 
 deducting rivet holes, one-eighth inch larger than the rivets, shall 
 be considered as resisting the stress. If tension members are 
 made of angle irons riveted through one flange only, only that 
 flange shall be considered in proportioning areas. Rivets to be 
 proportioned as prescribed in this chapter. If the axis of adjoin- 
 ing web members do not intersect within the line of the chords, 
 sufficient area shall be added to the chord to take up the bending 
 strains. No bolts shall be used in the connections of riveted 
 trusses, excepting when riveting is impracticable, and then the 
 holes shall be drilled or reamed. 
 
 STEEL AND IRON PIN-CONNECTED TRUSSES. 
 
 Sec. 125. The bending stresses on pins shall be limited to 
 twenty thousand pounds for steel and fifteen thousand pounds for 
 iron. All compression members in pin-connected trusses shall be 
 proportioned, using seventy-five per cent, of the permissible work- 
 ing stress for columns. The heads of all eye bars shall be made 
 by upsetting or forging. Xo weld will be allowed in the body 
 of the bar. Steel eye-bars shall be annealed. Bars shall be 
 straight before boring. All pinholes shall be bored true, and 
 at right angles to the axis of the members, and must fit the phi 
 within one-thirty-second of an inch. The distance of pin-holes 
 from center to center for corresponding members shall be alike, 
 so that, when piled upon one another, pins will pass through both 
 ends without forcing. Eyes and screw ends shall be so proportioned
 
 —196— 
 
 thai upon test ti) destruction, fracture will take place in the Iwdy 
 of the member. All pins shall be accurately turned. These pm- 
 plates shall be connected to the members by rivets of sufficient 
 size and number to transmit the stresses without exceedincf work- 
 ing stresses. All rivets in members of pin-connected trusses shall 
 be machine driven. All rivets in pin-plates uhich are necessary 
 to transmit stress shall be also machine flriven. The main con- 
 nections of members shall be made by pins. Other connections 
 may be made by bolts. If there is a combination of riveted and 
 pin-connected members in one truss, these members shall comply 
 with the requirements for pin-connected trusses ; but the riveting 
 shall comply with the requirements of this chapter. 
 
 IRON AND OTHER METAI. FRONTS TO BE FILLED IN. 
 
 Sec. 126. All cast-iron or metal fronts shall be backed up or 
 filled in with masonry of the thicknesses provided for in this 
 chapter. 
 
 PAINTING OF STRUCTURAL METAL WORK. 
 
 Sec. 127. All structural metal work shall be cleaned of all 
 scale, dirt and rust, and i^e thoroughly coated with one coat of 
 paint. Cast-iron columns shall not be painted mitil after inspec- 
 tion by the inspector of buildings. Where surfaces in riveted 
 work come m contact, they shall be painted before assembling. 
 After erection all work shall be painted at least one additional 
 coat. All iron or steel used under water shall be inclosed with 
 concrete to exclude the air and water to the satisfaction of the 
 inspector of buildings. 
 
 THEATRES. 
 
 Sec. 128. Every building hereafter erected or altered to be used 
 as a theatre or public place of amusement involving the use of a 
 stage with movable or shifting scenery, curtains and machinery, 
 shall be of brick and fire-resisting construction throughout, except 
 the flooring boards and the portion of the stage floor fronting the 
 auditorium, which may be constructed of wood. Such building 
 shall have the highest part of the main auditorium floor not more 
 than four feet above the sidewalk ; shall have at least one frontage 
 on the street or avenue, with openings for exits not less than one- 
 third of the frontage of the building, and shall have the doors,
 
 —197— 
 
 halls, corridors, lobbies, stairways, passages, and aisles wide, 
 direct, and so constructed and arranged as to afford easy egress 
 under all circumstances. 
 
 All buildings which, at the time of the passage of this ordi- 
 nance, are in use or in course of construction as theatres shall, on 
 or before September 1, V^05, comply with the requirements of 
 sections 129, 131, 132, 139, 140, 141, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 150. 
 151. 
 
 REFUSAL OF TERMIT. 
 
 Sec. 129. No building erected or altered to be used for a 
 theatre or public place of amusement involving the use of a stage 
 with movable or shifting scenery, curtains and machinery, shall be 
 used for such purposes until a license has been secured for the 
 same. No license shall be issued until the inspector of buildings 
 shall have certified in writing that said building is erected or al- 
 tered and has been completed in accordance with the building 
 ordinances. 
 
 Any inspector of buildings issuing such a certificate with 
 knowledge that the requirements of these ordinances have not 
 been complied with, shall be fined not more than $100 and im- 
 prisoned not more than one year. 
 
 OPEN COURT BOTH SIDES. 
 
 Sec. 130. In addition to the aforesaid entrances and exits on 
 the street, there shall be reserved for service in case of an emer- 
 gency, an open court or space on the side not bordering on the 
 street, where said building is located on a corner lot ; and on both 
 sides of said building, where there is but one frontage on the 
 street. The width of such open court or courts shall be not less 
 than seven feet where the seating capacity is not over one thou- 
 sand people, above one thousand and not more than eighteen hun- 
 dred people, eight feet in width, and above eighteen hundred peo- 
 ple, ten feet in width. Said open court or courts shall begin on 
 a line with or near the proscenium wall and shall extend the length 
 of the auditorium proper, to or near the wall separating the same 
 from the entrance lobby or vestibule. A separate and distinct 
 corridor shall continue to the street, from each open court, through 
 such superstructure as may be built on the street side of the audi- 
 torium, with continuous walls of brick or fireproof materials on
 
 —198— 
 
 each side of the entire length of said corridor or corridors, and 
 the ceiHng and floors shall be fireproof. Said corridor or corridors 
 shall not be reduced in width to more than two feet less than the 
 width of the open court or courts, and there shall be no projection 
 in the same ; the outer opening's to be provided with doors or gates 
 opening toward the street. During the performance the doors or 
 gates in the corridor shall be kept open by proper fastenings ; at 
 other times they may be closed and fastened by movable bolts or 
 locks. The said open courts and corridors shall not be used for 
 storage purposes, or for any purpose whatsoever, except for exit 
 and entrance from and to the auditorium and stage, and must be 
 kept free and clear during performances. 
 
 CAPACITY OF CORRIDORS. 
 
 Sec. 131. The aggregate capacity of the foyers, lobbies, corri- 
 dors, passages and rooms for the use of the audience, not including 
 aisle space between seats, shall, on each floor or gallery, be suffi- 
 cient to contain the entire number lo be accommodated on said 
 floor or gallery, in the ratio of one hundred and fifty superficial 
 feet of floor room for every one hundred persons. 
 
 SEATS TO BE FASTENED TO FLOOR. 
 
 Sec. 132. All seats in the auditorium, excepting those con- 
 tained in boxes, shall be firmly secured to the floor, and no seat 
 in the auditorium shall have more than six seats intervening be- 
 tween it and an aisle, on either side, and no stool or seat shall be 
 placed in any aisle. 
 
 FLOOR. 
 
 Sec. 133. All changes in the levels of the floors of such build- 
 ings, except under stairways, from story to story, and except the 
 necessary steps in galleries and balconies rising toward the exits, 
 shall be made by inclines of no steeper gradient than two in ten 
 within the auditorium and rising toward the exits and one in ten 
 for all others. 
 
 AISLES. 
 
 Sec. 134. All aisles on the respective floors in the auditorium, 
 having seats on both sides of the same, shall not be less than three 
 (3) feet wide where they begin and shall be increased in width
 
 —199— 
 
 toward the exits in the ratio of one and one-half (1>4) inches to 
 every five (5) running- feet. Aisles having seats on one (1) side 
 only shall not be less than two (2) feet wide at their beginning- and 
 increased in width the same as aisles having seats on both sides. 
 There shall be aisles not less than three (3), feet wide next to the 
 wall of all such auditoriums. Where the aisles are of uniform 
 width throughout their width shall be the average width propor- 
 tioned as above, but no such aisle shall be less than three (3) feet 
 six (6) inches wide. 
 
 Steps shall not be permitted in aisles except as extending from 
 bank to bank of seats, and wherever the rise from bank to bank is 
 two (2) in ten (10) or less, the floor of the aisle shall be made as 
 an inclined plane, and where steps are placed outside aisles or cor- 
 ridors they shall be placed and maintained so as to clearly light 
 every place where there are steps in inclosing aisles and corridors. 
 
 HEATING APPARATUS. 
 
 Sec. 135. All heating boilers shall be placed outside of the 
 Myalls of theatres, and their situation approved by the inspector of 
 buildings and the chief of the fire department. 
 
 No boiler, furnace, nor heating apparatus except steam pipes 
 and radiators shall be located under the auditorium or stage, nor 
 tinder any passage or stairway of exit. 
 
 STAIRWAYS. 
 
 Sec. 136. All stairways shall be composed of iron, stone, or other 
 incombustible materials. The risers shall not be more than seven 
 and a half inches nor the treads less than ten and a half inches. No 
 window shall be used in any stairway for entrance or exit. All 
 stairways must be constructed with secure handrails or brick divid- 
 ing walls sufiQcient in construction to prevent accident in case of 
 heavy pressure. There shall be two stairways from each floor of an 
 auditorium, starting not less than five feet wide at the upper gallery 
 and increasing one foot in width for each one hundred seats in the 
 galleries below^ From the auditorium opening into the said open 
 courts, or on the side street there shall not be less than two exits 
 on each side, in each tier, from and including the parquet and each 
 and every gallery. Each exit shall be at least five feet in width in 
 the clear, and provided with doors of iron, or wooden doors covered 
 with tin on both sides and edges. All of said doors shall open out-
 
 —200— 
 
 vvardl}', and must be fastened with movable bolts, the bolts to be 
 kept drawn diirinc: performances. There shall be balconies not less 
 than four feet in width in the said open court or courts at each level 
 or tier above the parquet on each side of the auditorium of sufificient 
 length to embrace the two exits, and from said balconies there shall 
 be staircases extendino- to the ,c^round level with a rise of not over 
 eig'ht and a half inches to a stc]i, and not less than nine inches tread 
 exclusive of the nosin_s^. The staircase from the upper balcony to 
 the next below shall not be less than thirty-nine inches in width in 
 the clear, and from the first balcony to the ground three feet in 
 width in the clear, where the seating capacity of the auditorium is 
 one for one thousand people or less, three feet and six inches in the 
 clear where above one thousand and not more than eighteen hun- 
 dred people and four feet in the clear where above eighteeen hun- 
 dred people and not more than twenty-five hundred people, and 
 not over four feet six inches in the clear where about twenty-five 
 hundred people. All the before mentioned balconies and staircases 
 shall be constructed of iron throughout, including the floors, and of 
 ample strength to sustain the load to be carried by them, and they 
 shall be covered with a metal hood or awning, to be constructed in 
 such manner as shall be satisfactory to the inspector of buildings. 
 Where one side of a building borders on a street there shall be bal- 
 conies and staircases of like capacity and kind, as before mentioned, 
 but said staircases shall end at a balcony placed not less than seven 
 feet above the level of the ground, and from said balcony to the 
 ground there shall be arranged a hinged iron ladder. 
 
 All staircases for the use of the audience shall be enclosed with 
 walls of brick, or of fireproof materials approved by the inspector 
 of buildings, in the stories through which they pass, and the open- 
 ings to said staircases from each tier shall be the full width of such 
 staircase. 
 
 PARTITION WALLS. 
 
 Sec. 137. All partitions inclosing lobbies and corridors or sep- 
 arating them from auditorium shall be of brick masonry or of other 
 non-combustible materials. Every approach to, or exit from, a 
 theatre or other place of amusement through any other building- shall 
 have inclosing walls of brick, stone, or iron, and floors and ceilings 
 of approved incombustible, fire resisting materials, and there shall 
 be no opening through said walls, floors, or ceilings.
 
 —201— 
 
 WALLS TO SKPARATE STAGE AND AUDITORIUM. 
 
 Sec. 138. The stage shall be separated from the anditoriunT 
 by a brick wall and not less than 18 inches thick, or its equivalent, 
 the entire width of the building and topped out at least four feet 
 above the roof over the auditorium. There shall be no openings in 
 thisvvall except the curtain opening, and not more than two others, 
 to be located at the level or below the stage. These latter openings 
 shall not exceed twenty one superficial feet each, with iron or tin 
 covered wood and self-closing doors securely hung to rebates in the 
 brickwork, so as to be opened from either side at all times. The 
 wall over the curtain opening shall be carried by iron girders or 
 by a brick arch of sufficient capacity and secured at each side of 
 opening to prevent motion by thrust of arch. 
 
 Sec. 139. There shall be water plugs on each side of stage and 
 fly floors, with sufficient hose attached to each plug of the size 
 used by the fire department to reach any point on or above the 
 stage. They must be kept free from obstruction and ready for 
 use at any moment. There shall be placed over the curtain open- 
 ing the full width a two-inch perforated pipe, supplied at each end 
 by a one and a half inch rising main, with valves controlled from 
 stage, each side, to form when in service a water curtain or auto- 
 matic sprinkler, as the inspector of buildings may direct. 
 
 FIREPROOF CURTAIN. 
 
 Sec. 140. The proscenium opening shall be provided with a 
 metal fireproofed curtain, or a curtain of asbestos or other fireproof 
 material, sliding at each end in grooves securely fastened to the 
 'brick wall and extending into such grooves to a depth of not less 
 than six: (6) inches on each side of the opening, or such asbestos or 
 fireproof curtain may be provided with steel cable guides not less 
 than one-quarter (%) of an inch in diameter, provided that such 
 curtain laps over the stage openings at the sides and top not less 
 than twelve (12) inches, and that attached to said curtain at the 
 top and bottom for the full width thereof shall be wrought iron or 
 steel pipe not less than one and one-half (1^^) inches internal 
 diameter. 
 
 Said fireproof curtain shall be raised and lowered between each 
 act or intermission and at the close of each performance, and re- 
 main closed until the beginning of the next performance, except
 
 —202— 
 
 during rehearsals, and be placed at least (3) feet distant from 
 the footlig-hts at the nearest point if gas is used. 
 
 Act drop curtains shall also be of fireproof material or material 
 fireproofed. • 
 
 WOODWORK COVERED WITH FIREPROOF MATERIALS. 
 
 Sec. 141. All permanent stage scenery, curtains and decora- 
 tions made of combustible material belonging to the building and 
 all the woodwork on or about the stage shall be painted or sat- 
 urated with some non-combustible material, or otherwise rendered 
 safe against fire, and the finishing coats of paint applied to all 
 woodwork throughout the entire building shall be of such kind 
 as will resist fire. 
 
 WORKSHOP OR STORAGE ABOVE OR UNDER AUDITORIUM. 
 
 Sec. 142. No workshop, storage or general property room shall 
 he allowed above the auditorium or stage, or under the same, or ni 
 any of the fly galleries. All of said rooms or shops may be located 
 in the rear or at the side of the stage, but in such cases they shall 
 be separated from the stage by a brick wall, and the openings lead- 
 ing into said portions shall have fireproof doors on each side of 
 the openings, hung to iron eyes built into the wall. 
 
 CONSTRUCTION OF GALLERIES. 
 
 Sec. 143. When galleries are constructed, all columns and 
 girders used in the construction of the same must be of iron or 
 steel. 
 
 VENTILATORS. 
 
 Sec. 144. In all theatres skylighted ventilators constructed of 
 incombustible nraterials, having openings equal in area to one- 
 tenth (1-10) the area of the stage floor, having the whole top so 
 constructed and counter-balanced to open automatically, operated 
 by cords or wires from at least two (2) points near the exits on 
 opposite sides of the stage, and having an arrangement of com- 
 bustible cords or fusible connection to open the ventilating valves 
 automatically by the action of fire on the stage, shall be placed 
 near the center and above the highest part of the stage. 
 
 Skylight covering of ventilators shall have sheet metal frames 
 set with double-thick glass, each pane thereof measuring not less
 
 —203— 
 
 than three hundred (300) square inehes, and immediately under- 
 neath such glass there shall he a wired netting. Wired glass shall 
 not be used as a substitute for such netting. 
 
 NUMBER OF EXITS REQUIRED. 
 
 Sec. 145. Every theatre accommodating three hundred persons 
 shall have at least two exits ; when accommodating five hundred 
 persons, at least three exits shall be provided, these exits not refer- 
 ring to or including the exits to the open court or courts at the 
 sides of the theatre. Doorways of exit or entrance for the use of 
 the public shall not be less than five feet in width, and for every 
 additional one hundred persons or portion thereof to be accommo- 
 dated, in excess of five hundred, twenty inches additional exit must 
 be allowed. All doors of exit or entrance shall open outwardly and 
 be hung to swing in such a manner as not to become an obstruc- 
 tion in a passage or corridor, and no such door shall be closed 
 and locked during any representation, or when the building is 
 open to the public. Distinct and separate places of exit and 
 entrance shall be provided for each gallery above the first. A com- 
 mon place of exit and entrance may serve for the main floor of the 
 auditorium and the first gallery. No passage leading to any stair- 
 way communicating with any entrance or exit shall be less than 
 four feet in width in any part thereof. All stairs within the build- 
 ing shall be constructed of fire-proof material throughout. 
 
 EXIT SIGNS AND RED LIGHTS. 
 
 Sec, 146. Each and every exit of a theatre or other public place 
 of amusement which can be used in case of fire shall be designated 
 by the word "Exit" in letters of such size that they can be read 
 from the opposite side of the auditorium, and so situated immedi- 
 ately over or on the exits that they can be readily seen from any 
 or all parts of said auditorium or gallery. A red light shall be 
 placed over each of said signs and kept burning during the time 
 of the entertainment or performance, and no other fixed red lights 
 will be permitted in the auditorium, and the fact that such red 
 lights indicate an exit to be used in case of fire shall be conspicu- 
 ously printed on the programme used in the theatre or other pub- 
 lic place of amusement at each entertainment. All said red exit 
 lights shall be lighted by gas.
 
 -204— 
 
 TllKATKK LIGHTING. 
 
 Sec. 147. All theatres shall be lighted by electric light only 
 and shall have at least three separate and distinct circuits: (a) 
 for the stage, (b) and (c)for the auditorium, corridors, and exits. 
 The circuits referred to in (b) and ( c ) shall be so arranged that 
 half of the lights in each division of the auditorium and half of 
 those in each corridor and exit shall be on (b) and the other half 
 on {c ) circuit. When the current is supplied by a public lighting 
 company these circuits shall be taken separately from the street 
 mains. 
 
 Under all circumstances complete metallic circuits must be em- 
 ployed. Gas and water pipes shall never form a part of any 
 circuit. 
 
 The number of lamps shall be so subdivided that no subcircuit 
 shall carry any more than 60 amperes, and each subcircuit shall 
 start from a distributing board. 
 
 EXIT LIGHTING. 
 
 Sec. 148. The red lights over exits in auditorium and all lights 
 in passages and stairways shall be independent of the lights in 
 ■other parts of the house, and so arranged that they cannot be 
 turned ofif from the stage or platform. 
 
 STAND PIPES. 
 
 Sec. 149. Stand pipes four (4) inches m diameter shall be pro- 
 vided with hose attachments on every floor and gallery, as follows, 
 namely : One ( 1 ) on each side of the auditorium in each tier, also 
 on each side of the stage in each tier, arid at least one (1) in the 
 property room, and one (1) in the carpenter shop, if the same be 
 contiguous to the building. All stand pipes shall be kept clear 
 from obstruction. Said stand pipes shall be separated and dis- 
 tinct, receiving their supply of water direct from the street main, 
 one ( 1 ) for the auditorium, and one ( 1 ) for the stage, and shall be 
 fitted with regulation couplings of the fire department, and be 
 ready for immediate use at all times during a performance in said 
 building. When the pressure of the street water service is not 
 sufficient to provide an efficient working pressure at the hose 
 nozzle or sprinkler outlets, then the stand pipe shall be kept filled 
 with water by means of an automatic pump or pumps of sufficient 
 capacity to supply all the fire lines connected herewith.
 
 -205- 
 
 HOSE. 
 
 Sec. 150. A proper and sufificient quantity of two and one-half 
 inch hose, not less than fifty feet in length, fitted with regulation 
 couplings of the fire department, and with nozzles attached thereto, 
 and with hose spanners at each outlet, shall be kept always at- 
 tached to each hose attachment. 
 
 PUBLIC BUILDINGS TO HAVE AMPLE STAIRWAYS. 
 
 Sec. 151. In all buildings of a public character, such as hotels, 
 churches, theatres, restaurants, railroad depots, public halls and 
 other buildings used or intended to be use'd for purposes of public 
 assembly, amusement or instruction, the halls, doors, stairways, 
 seats, passageways and aisles, and all lighting and heating appli- 
 ances and apparatus shall be arranged as the inspector of build- 
 ings shall direct to facilitate egress in case of fire or accident, and 
 to afford the requisite and proper accommodation for the public 
 protection in such cases. All aisles and passageways in said build- 
 ings shall be kept free from camp stools, chairs, sofas and other 
 obstructions, and no person shall be allowed to stand in or occupy 
 any of said aisles or passageways during any performance, service, 
 exhibition, lecture, concert, ball or any public assemblage. 
 
 The inspector of buildings, with the concurrence of the chief 
 of the fire department, may, at any time, serve a written or 
 printed notice upon the owner, lessee or manager of any of said 
 buildings, directing any act or thing to be done or provided in or 
 about the said buildings and the several appliances therewith con- 
 nected, such as halls, doors, stairs, windows, seats, aisles, fire-walls, 
 fire appliances and fire-escapes, so as to afiford such security to the 
 public in the uses to which they may be severally applied, as they 
 may deem necessary. Upon report to the ma}or of the city by 
 the inspector of buildings that any order or requirement of this 
 title in regard to theatres or places of public amusement has been 
 violated or not complied with, in any such building, the said 
 mayor may, in his discretion, revoke the license of such theatre or 
 place of public amusement, and cause the same to be closed. 
 
 ASSEMBLY HALLS. 
 
 Sec. 152. Permits for the erection of buildings to be used 
 wholly or partly as assembly halls will not be issued until the plans 
 for ventilation and protection from fire have been approved by
 
 —206— 
 
 tlie inspector of l)iiil(linss. The nuni1)er, size, and location of the 
 exits must be approved by tlic inspector of l)iiil(hnt;s and the 
 chief of the fire department. 
 
 Existing buildings shall not be altered for use as halls for 
 public assembly except in accordance with these regulations. 
 
 CHIMNEYS, 
 
 Sec. 153. All chimneys shall be built of brick, stone or other 
 incombustible materials. 
 
 Chimneys in all buildings shall have walls at least eight inches 
 thick, if of brick, unless terra cotta or fire clay flue linings are 
 used, in which case four inches of brick work may be omitted. 
 Chimneys other than those built of brick shall have walls at least 
 eight inches thick and shall have an additional lining of four 
 inches of brick work or a terra cotta or fire-clay lining. Said flue 
 lining shall start from the bottom of the flue, or from the throat 
 of the fireplace, if the flue starts from the latter, and shall be car- 
 ried up continuously to the extreme height of the flue. The joints 
 of all such linings shall be made to fit close together and the lin- 
 ings shall be built in as the flue or flues are carried up. 
 
 Every chimney hereafter built shall have an opening at or near 
 the bottom sufificient to admit the cleaning of the same. 
 
 INSIDE OF FLUES TO BE SMOOTH. 
 
 Sec. 154. All flues in every building shall be properly cleaned 
 and all rubbish removed, and the flues left smooth on the inside 
 upon the completion of all buildings. 
 
 CONSTRUCTION UNDER CHIMNEY. 
 
 Sec. 155. No chimney shall be started or built upon any floor 
 or beam of wood. In no case shall a chimney be corbeled out 
 more than eight inches from the wall, and in all such cases the 
 corbeling shall consist of at least five courses of brick. Where 
 chimneys are supported by piers, the piers shall start from the 
 foundation on the same line with the chimney breast, and shall be 
 not less than twelve inches on the face, properly bonded into 
 the walls. No chimney shall be cut off below, in whole or in part, 
 and supported by wood, but shall be wholly supported by stone, 
 brick or iron. All chimneys which shall be dangerous in any
 
 —207— 
 
 manner whatsoever shall be repaired and made safe, or taken 
 down. Iron cupola chimneys of foundries shall extend at least 
 ten feet above the highest point of any roof within a radius of 
 fifty feet of such cupola, and be covered on top with a heavy wire 
 netting. 
 
 All smoke flues shall extend at least four feet above a flat roof 
 and at least three feet above a peak roof, and shall be coped with 
 well-burnt terra cotta. stone or cast-iron. 
 
 • FIREPLACES. ' 
 
 Sec. 156. All fireplaces shall have trimmer arches to support 
 hearths, and the said arches shall be at least sixteen inches in 
 width, measured from the face of the chimney breast, and at least 
 one foot longer on each side than the width of the fireplace open- 
 ing, and they shall be constructed of brick, stone or burnt clay. 
 Wooden centering under trimmer arches shall be removed before 
 plastering the ceiling underneath. The fire-backs of all fireplaces 
 hereafter erected shall not be less than eight inches in thickness 
 of solid masonry. 
 
 STOVES. 
 
 Sec. 157. Stoves shall not be placed nearer than twenty inches 
 to any unprotected woodwork. Floors under all stoves shall be 
 protected by a covering of incombustible material. Where a 
 kitchen range is placed near a wooden stud partition, the studs 
 shall be cut away and framed two feet higher and one foot wider 
 than the range and filled in to a line with said stud partition with 
 brick or fireproof blocks and plastered thereon. In cases where 
 hot water, steam, hot-air or other heating appliances or furnaces 
 are hereafter placed in any building, or flues or fireplaces are 
 changed or enlarged, due notice shall first be given to the inspector 
 of buildings by the contractor or inspector of said work. 
 
 STOVE PIPES TO BE GUARDED, 
 
 Sec. 158. No stove pipe in any building with wooden or com- 
 bustible floors, ceilings or partitions, shall enter any flue unless 
 the said pipe shall be at least twelve inches from either of the 
 said floors, ceilings or partitions, unless the same is properly pro-
 
 —208— 
 
 tected by a metal shield, in which case the distance shall not be 
 less than six inches. 
 
 In all cases where stove pipes pass throue^h stud or wooden par- 
 titions of any kind, they shall be guarded by either a double collar 
 of metal with at least three inches of air space and holes for 
 ventilation, or by a soap-stone or burnt-clay ring not less than 
 four inches in thickness and extending- through the partition. 
 Where laundry stoves, hot water, steam, hot-air or other furnaces 
 are used in any building, the smoke pipe leading therefrom must 
 be kept not less than eighteen inches from the floor beams or ceil- 
 ing unless the same is properly protected by a metal shield, when 
 the distance shall not be less than nine inches. In all cases where 
 such pipe passes through a wood or stud partition it shall be pro- 
 tected by a thimble with eight inches of brickwork around it, or 
 a double collar of metal with at least six inches air space and holes 
 for ventilation. 
 
 FURNACES. 
 
 Sec. 159. All brick hot-air furnaces shall have two covers, 
 with an air space of at least four inches between them ; the inner 
 cover of the hot-air chamber shall be either a brick arch or two 
 courses of brick laid on galvanized iron or tin supported by iron 
 bars ; the outside cover, which is the top of the furnace, shall be 
 made of brick or metal supported by iron bars, and so constructed 
 as to be perfectly tight, and shall not be less than four inches be- 
 low the ceiling or floor beams. The walls of the furnace shall be 
 built hollow in the following manner: one inner and one outer w^all, 
 each four inches in thickness, properly bonded together, Vv'ith an 
 air space of not less than three inches between them. Furnaces 
 must be built at least four inches from all woodwork. All cold- 
 air boxes shall be made of metal, brick or other incombustible ma- 
 terial for a distance of at least three feet from the furnace. All 
 portable hot-air furnaces shall be kept at least two feet from any 
 wooden or combustible partition or ceiling unless the partitions 
 and ceilings are properly protected by a metal shield, when the 
 distance shall not be less than one foot. Wooden floors under any 
 portable furnace shall be protected by a suitable stone or a course 
 of bricks well laid in mortar. Said stone or bricks shall extend at 
 least two feet beyond the furnace in front of the ash-pan.
 
 —209— 
 
 REGISTER BOXES. 
 
 Sec. 160. All register boxes shall be made of tin plate, with a 
 flange on top to fit the groove in the frame, the register to rest 
 upon the same ; there shall be an open space of two inches on all 
 sides of the register box, extending from the under side of the 
 border to and through the ceiling below. The said opening shall 
 be fitted with a tight tin casing, the upper end of which shall be 
 turned under the frame. \\'hen a register box is placed in the 
 floor over a portable furnace, the open space on all sides of the 
 register box shall not be less than three' inches. When only one 
 register is connected with a furnace said register shall have no 
 valve. 
 
 steam pipes. 
 
 Sec. 161. No steam pipe shall be placed within two inches of 
 any timber or woodwork unless the timber or woodwork is pro- 
 tected by a metal shield, then the distance shall not be less than 
 one inch. All steam pipes passing through floors and ceilings, or 
 lath and plastered partitions, shall be protected by a metal tube 
 one inch larger in diameter than the pipe, and the space shall be 
 filled in with mineral wool, asbestos or other incombustible mate- 
 rial. 
 
 HOT AIR pipes. 
 
 Sec, 162. Hot-air pipes in stud partitions, and horizontal pipes 
 in floors, shall be built in the following manner : the pipes shall be 
 double, that is, two pipes, one inside the other, at least one-half 
 inch apart, and there shall be a space of at least three inches 
 between the pipe and stud or any other timber on each side ; or if 
 a single pipe is used, the inside face of said studs shall be well lined 
 with tin plate and the outside faces covered with brick, iron lath, 
 or slate, and there shall be at least one-half inch air space all 
 around the said heating pipe. Horizontal hot-air pipes shall be 
 kept six inches below the floor beams or ceiling ; if the floor beams 
 or ceiling are plastered and protected by a metal shield, then the 
 distance shall not be less than three inches. In cases where hot- 
 air pipes pass through a wood or stud partition they shall be 
 guarded by either a double collar of metal, with two inches air 
 space and holes for ventilation, or they shall be surrounded by 
 brickwork at least four inches in thickness. Where the air con-
 
 —210— 
 
 vcved llirnui;!! i)ii)cs is heated in an ordinary hot-air furnace, or in 
 anv other apparatus by (Hrect contact of tlic air with the fire box, 
 the material used for these double pipes and rec^ister boxes shall 
 be brig-ht tin. Where the air is heated by hot water or steam 
 pipes or indirect heatin.c^ stacks, any other sheet metal may be 
 used for the pipes, and the use of double pipes is not olilii^atory. 
 
 All hot-air flues and shafts in brick or stone walls shall have the 
 walls of the flues or shafts at least eight inches thick, unless lined 
 with tin, g'alvanized sheet iron or terra cotta or fire-clay flue lin- 
 ings, in which case four inches of brickwork may be omitted. No 
 wooden casing", furring or lath shall be placed again.st or cover any 
 smoke flue or metal pipe used to convey hot air or steam. 
 
 GAS AND WATER PIPES. 
 
 Sec. 163. No gas, water or other pipes which may be intro- 
 duced into any building shall be let into the beams unless the 
 same be placed within thirty-six inches of the end of the beams; 
 and in no building shall the said pipes be let into the beams more 
 than two inches in depth. Every building other than a dwelling 
 house, hereafter erected, and all factories, hotels, churches, 
 theatres, schoolhouses and other buildings of a public character 
 now erected in which gas or steam is used for lighting or heating, 
 shall have the supply pipes leading from the street mains provided 
 each with a stop-cock placed in the sidewalk at or near the curb, 
 and so arranged as to allow of shutting oflf at that point. All 
 gas brackets shall be placed at least three feet below any ceiling 
 or wordwork, unless the same is properly protected by a shield, in 
 which case the distance shall not be less than eighteen inches. 
 No swinging or folding gas brackets shall be placed against any 
 stud partition or woodwork. Gas lights placed near window cur- 
 tains or any other combustible material shall be protected by a 
 proper shield. 
 
 electric wires. 
 
 Sec. 164. Every electric wire for furnishing light, heat or 
 power, leading into any building from the outside thereof and all 
 such wires placed inside of any building, shall be installed and 
 maintained in full accordance with the rules and regulations of 
 the national board of fire underwriters.
 
 —211— 
 
 FIREPR(X)F SHUTTERS. 
 
 Sec. 165. All stores or storehouses, steel or skeleton construc- 
 tion building-s, or other buildings, except churches and private 
 residences, now or hereafter erected, in close proximity to other 
 structures, shall, when ordered by the inspector of buildings, be 
 provided at all openings on the side or sides and front or rear 
 or both, when within thirty feet of a combustible structure, with 
 iron or other fireproof shutters or fireproof glass (wire-glass) 
 and fireproof sash and frames of a kind recommended by the 
 national board of fire underwriters. All such shutters must be 
 hung on iron frames or iron eyes built in the walls. 
 
 All occupants of buildings shall close the said shutters and also 
 all fireproof doors or shutters fitted into interior walls to prevent 
 the spread of fire between different buildings or between parts of 
 any building at the close of the business of each day. 
 
 WALLS OF ELEVATOR SHAFT. 
 
 Sec. 166. All elevators hereafter placed in any building, ex- 
 cept fireproof buildings, shall be inclosed in suitable walls of 
 brick, or with a suitable frame-work of iron and burnt-clay filling, 
 or of such other fireproof material and form of construction as 
 may be approved by the inspector of buildings. If the inclosure 
 walls are of brick, laid in cement mortar, and not used as bearing 
 walls, they may be eight inches in thickness for not more than 
 fifty feet of their uppermost height, and increasing in thickness 
 four inches for each lower fifty feet, portion or part thereof. Said 
 walls or construction shall extend through and at least three feet 
 above the roof. All openings in the same shall be provided with 
 fireproof doors and made solid for three feet above the floor level, 
 and with grill openings above. Elevators may also be placed in 
 any stair well or open court of any building erected prior to the 
 passage of this act, under a permit therefor from the inspector of 
 buildings, but the frame-work and inclosure of any such elevator 
 shall be constructed of fireproof materials. The foregoing re- 
 quirements as to brick or fireproof shafts shall include all dumb- 
 waiters except such as do not extend through more than three 
 stories in dwelling houses. The roofs over all inclosed elevators 
 shall be made of fireproof materials, with a skylight at least three- 
 fourths the area of the shaft, made of this sheet glass, set in iron
 
 —212— 
 
 frames, as hereinbefore in this section (lescril)C(l. inchulin.y; wire 
 netting- underneath tlie j^lass of the skyhg^ht or the use of wire 
 glass. 
 
 INSPECTOR OF TASSENGKR ELE\'ATORS. 
 
 Sec. 167. The inspector of huiI(Uni:;-s shall cause an inspection 
 of passenger elevators as often as once every six months. Any 
 repairs found necessary upon inspection of any elevator shall be 
 made without delay by the owner or person having the care or 
 control of the same, and in case defects are found to exist which 
 would cndang-er life by the continued use of such elevator, then, 
 upon notice from the inspector of l)uildings, the use of such ele- 
 vator shall cease, and it shall not again be used until a certificate 
 shall be first obtained from said inspector that such elevator has 
 been put in safe order and is fit for use. 
 
 ELEVATOR ATTENDANT. 
 
 Sec. 168. No person shall employ or permit any person to be 
 in charge of running any passenger elevator who is under eig"hteen 
 years of age or who does not possess proper qualifications therefor. 
 Every freight elevator or lift shall have a notice posted conspicu- 
 ously thereon as follows : "Persons riding on this elevator do so 
 at their own risk." Every elevator in any building erected to be 
 occupied, or now occupied, as a hotel, shall be inclosed in suitable 
 walls constructed and arranged as in this chapter required for 
 elevators hereafter placed in buildings, unless under the provisions 
 of this section such elevator might have been placed in said 
 building without such inclosing' walls. 
 
 SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELEVATOR CARS. 
 
 Sec. 169. All elevators, either passenger or freight, shall be 
 provided with the most approved form of controlling device, and 
 all elevators operated by electricity must be so constructed as to 
 insure the motor against damage by any overload or excess of 
 current or power; the said device to be automatic in its operation 
 and independent of the operator in charge of the car. 
 
 All elevators, cabs, or cars, whether used for freight or passen- 
 gers, shall be provided with some suitable mechanical device, to be 
 approved by the inspector of buildings, whereby the cab or cars
 
 —213— 
 
 will be securely held in the event of accidents to the ropes or 
 hoisting- apparatus, or from any similar cause. 
 
 Every passenger and freight elevator now in use or hereafter 
 erected shall have what is known as a safety air cushion built of 
 masonry, steel or other fireproof material, or such other device 
 or devices for the safety of passengers as may be deemed advisable 
 and expedient, to be determined by the inspector of buildings. 
 
 Immediately under the machinery at the top of every elevator 
 shaft in any building in said city there shall be provided and 
 placed a substantial grating or screen of iron, of such construction 
 as shall be approved by the inspector of buildings. 
 
 FREIGHT ELEVATORS. 
 
 Sec. 170. In any building in which there shall be any hoistway 
 or freight elevator or well-hole not enclosed in walls constructed 
 of brick or other fireproof material, and provided with fireproof 
 doors, the openings thereof through and upon each floor of said 
 building shall be provided with and protected by a substantial 
 guard or gate, and with such good and sufficient trap-doors, with 
 which to close the same, as may be directed and approved by the 
 inspector of building's ; and when, in his opinion, automatic trap- 
 doors are required to the floor openings of any uninclosed freight 
 elevator, the same shall be so constructed as to form a substantial 
 floor surface when closed, and so arranged as to open and close by 
 the action of the elevator in its passage either ascending or de- 
 scending. The said inspector shall have exclusive power and 
 authority within said city to require the openings of hoistways or 
 hoistway shafts, elevators and well-holes in buildings to be in- 
 closed or secured by trap-doors, guards or gates and railings. Such 
 guards or gates shall be kept closed at all times, except when in 
 actual use, and the trap-doors shall be closed at the close of the 
 business of each day by the occupant or occupants of the building 
 having the use or control of the same. 
 
 BULKHEADS. 
 
 Sec. 171. Bulkheads used as inclosures for elevator and cov- 
 erings for the machinery of elevators, and all other bulkheads, 
 including the bulkheads of all dwelling houses hereafter erected or 
 altered, may be constructed of hollow fireproof blocks or of wood
 
 —214— 
 
 covered with fircj^roof iiuiteriril, or filled in llic thickness of the 
 stiKl(Hn<;' with such inatcrial. and covered on the outside with metal, 
 including- sides and edges of doors. Covers on top of water tanks 
 placed on roofs may be of wood, covered with tin. 
 
 CORNICES. 
 
 Sec. 172. All exterior cornices and gutters of all Inhldings 
 hereafter erected, except wooden buildings, shall be oi fireproof 
 material. All fireproof cornices shall be well secured to the walls 
 with iron anchors, independent of any woodwork. Where a wall 
 is finished with a cornice of stone, terra cotta or similar material, 
 the greatest weight of the material of such cornice shall be on the 
 inside of the face of the wall unless supported by iron construction, 
 so that the cornice shall firmly balance upon the wall. In all cases 
 the walls behind metal cornices shall be carried up to the planking 
 of the roof, and where the cornice projects above the roof, the 
 walls shall be carried up above the planking of the cornice and 
 be coped. All exterior wooden cornices that may now be or that 
 may hereafter become unsafe or rotten shall be taken down, and 
 if replaced shall be constructed of fireproof material. All exterior 
 cornices of wood or gutters that may hereafter be damaged by fire 
 to the extent of one-third shall be taken down, and if replaced shall 
 be constructed of fireproof material ; but if not damaged to the ex- 
 tent of one-third, the same may be repaired with the same kind 
 of material of which they were originally constructed. 
 
 SNOW GUARD. 
 
 Sec. 173. Every building near any street or sidewalk in said 
 city, shall be furnished with a balustrade or other contrivance, suffi- 
 cient to prevent any slide of snow or ice falling from the roof 
 thereof upon such street or sidewalk. 
 
 ROOF OF WOODEN BUILDING. 
 
 Sec. 174. No wooden building within the fire limits more than 
 two stories or over twenty feet in height above the curb level to 
 the highest part thereof, which shall require roofing, .shall be roofed 
 with any other roofing or covering, except as provided in this chap- 
 ter. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the 
 repairing of any shingle roof, provided the building is not altered
 
 —215— 
 
 in height. All buildings shall have scuttles or bulkheads, covered 
 with fireproof material, with ladders or stairs leading thereto. No 
 scuttle shall be less in size than two by three feet. All skvlights 
 having a superficial area of more than twelve square feet, placed 
 in any building, shall have the sashes and frames thereof construct- 
 ed of iron and glass. Every fireproof roof hereafter placed on any 
 building shall have, beside the usual scuttle or bulkhead, a skylight 
 or skylights of a superficial area equal to not less than one-fiftieth 
 the superficial area of such fireproof roof. All buildings shall be 
 kept provided with proper metallic leaders for conducting water 
 from the roofs in such a manner as shall protect the walls and foun- 
 dations of said buildings from injury. In no case shall the water 
 from the said leaders be allowed to flow upon the sidewalk, but the 
 same shall be conducted by pipe or pipes to the sewer. If there be 
 no sewer in the street upon which such buildings front, then the 
 water shall be conducted by proper pipe or pipes below the surface 
 of the sidewalk to the street gutter. 
 
 ROOF OF BUILDINGS NOT WOODEN. 
 
 Sec. 175. The planking and sheathing of the roof of every 
 building hereafter erected, except a wooden building, shall in no 
 case be extended across the front, rear, side, end or party wall there- 
 of. Every such building and the tops and sides of every dormer- 
 window thereon shall be covered and roofed with slate, tin, copper, 
 iron, gravel or such other quality of fireproof roofing as the inspect- 
 or of buildings, under his certificate, may authorize. 
 
 MANSARD ROOF. 
 
 Sec. 176. If a mansard or any other roof having a pitch of over 
 sixty degrees be placed on any building, except a wooden building, 
 or a dwelling house not exceeding thirty-five feet in height, it 
 shall be constructed of iron rafters and lathed with iron on the 
 inside and plastered, or filled in with fireproof material not less 
 than three inches thick, and covered with metal, slate or tile. 
 
 CHANGING ROOF. 
 
 Sec. 177. It shall not be lawful for the owner or owners of any 
 brick dwelling house with eight-inch walls, or of any wooden build- 
 ing already erected that has a peaked roof, to raise the same for
 
 —216— 
 
 the purpose of niakin^^ a flat roof thereon, unless tlie same he 
 raised with the same kind of material as the building-, and unless 
 such new roof be covered with some of the articles mentioned in 
 this chapter, and provided that such ])uil(hn_i^, wlien sd raised, 
 shall not exceed forty feet in height to the highest part thereof. 
 All such buildings must exceed twenty-five feet in height to the 
 peak of the roof before the said alteration and raising. If any 
 such building shall have been built before the street upon which it 
 is located is graded, or if the grade is altered sucli building may be 
 raised or lowered to meet the requirements of such grade. 
 
 MEASUREMENTS FROM CURB LEVEL. 
 
 Sec. 178. The height of all walls except as provided for in sec- 
 tion seventy-six shall be measured from the curb level at the center 
 of the building to the top of the highest point of the roof beams 
 in the case of flat roofs, and for high-pitched roofs the average 
 of the height of the gable be taken as the highest point of the wall. 
 In case the wall is carried on iron girders, or iron girders and col- 
 umns, or piers of masonry, the measurement, as to height, may be 
 taken from the top of such girder. When the walls of a structure 
 do not adjoin the street, then the average level for the ground ad- 
 joining the walls may be taken instead of the street curb level for 
 the height of such structure. The width of buildings, for the pur- 
 pose of this title, shall be determined by the way the beams are 
 placed. The lengthwise of the beams may be considered and taken 
 to be the widthwise of the building, and the bearing wall are 
 those walls on which the beams or trusses rest. 
 
 BUILDINGS WITHIN FIRE DISTRICT. 
 
 Sec. 179. Within the Fire District, as they now are or may 
 hereafter be established by the board of aldermen of said city, no 
 frame or wooden building shall hereafter be built, except as in this 
 chapter authorized. 
 
 "Provided, hoivever, that the inspector of buildings may at his 
 discretion, issue a permit to any person to build any wooden addition 
 to any private house, upon application of the owner of said build- 
 ing within said fire district upon such terms and conditions as the 
 building inspector may deem advisable when, in his opinion, after
 
 —217— 
 
 a full hearing- has been lield, there seems to exist sufficient reason 
 whv such a permit should not be g-ranted." 
 
 RIGHT TO REBUILD DAMAGED BUILDINGS. 
 
 Sec. 180. Every wooden or frame building- with a brick or 
 other front within the fire limits which may hereafter be damaged 
 to an amount not greater than one-half of the value thereof, exclu- 
 sive of the value of the foundation at the time of such damage, may 
 be repaired or rebuilt. But if such damage shall amount to more 
 than one-half of the value of such building it shall be taken down. 
 If the inspector of buildings shall determine that such damage is 
 greater than one-half the value of such building and the owner 
 thereof wishes to rebuild, he may appeal to the board of arbitration 
 which shall be composed of one engineer and one architect who 
 shall be appointed by the inspector of buildings, and one builder 
 appointed by the owner of the building, and a decision of the ma- 
 jority of them, reduced to writing and sworn to. shall be conclusive 
 on all parties. 
 
 VARIOUS structures WITHIN THE FIRE LIMITS. 
 
 Sec. 181. The following wooden and temporary structures shall 
 be allowed within the fire limits : 
 
 Temporary one-story frame buildings may be erected for the 
 use of builders, with the limits of lots whereon buildings are in the 
 course of erection, or on adjoining- vacant lots, upon permits issued 
 by the inspector of buildings. Fences of wood shall not be erected 
 over eight feet high. Signs of wood shall not be erected over two 
 feet high on any building. Sheds of wood not over fifteen feet high, 
 open on at least one side, with the sides and roof thereof covered 
 with fireproof material, may also be built, but no fence shall be used 
 as the back or side of any such shed, provided, that sheds for the 
 protection of lumber may be erected to greater height under such 
 conditions as may be designed by the inspector of buildings. 
 
 Exterior privies and wood or coal houses, not exceeding- one 
 hundred and fifty square feet in superficial area and eight feet high, 
 may be built of wood, but the roofs thereof must be covered with 
 metal, gravel or slate. Sheds erected on piers, wharves or bulk- 
 heads on a water front, not exceeding twenty-five feet in height, 
 shall be covered on the outside with slate, tile, metal or other in-
 
 —218— 
 
 coniluislililf material. Coal elevators or pockets for the storage 
 of coal, and trestle work in connection therewith, shall he in mode 
 of construction and location as may he approved hy the inspector 
 of huilding-s. Grain elevators may he constructed of wood, hut all 
 the external woodwork shall he covered with incomhustihle material, 
 and when such huildings exceed sixty feet in height, the two lower 
 stories shall he of hrick. Lumber or other wood, or second-hand 
 comhustihle material shall not be piled at any lesser distance from 
 the nearest dwelling house than double the height of such pile. 
 
 Any bay or oriel window that does not extend more than three 
 feet above the second story ceiling line of any dwelling house may 
 be built of wood. 
 
 USE OF WOODEN BEAMS. 
 
 Sec. 182. All wooden beams or other timbers in the party wall 
 of every building built of stone, brick or iron, shall be separated 
 from the beam or timber entering in the opposite side of the wall 
 by at least four inches of solid mason work. No wooden floor 
 beams nor wooden roof beams used in any building, exceeding three 
 stories in height, hereafter erected, shall be of less thickness than 
 three inches. All wooden trimmer and header beams shall not be 
 less than one inch thicker than the floor or roof beams on the same 
 tier, where the header is four feet or less in length ; and where the 
 header is more than four feet and not more than fifteen feet in 
 length, the trimmer and header beams shall be at least double the 
 thickness of the floor or roof beams, or shall each be made of two 
 beams forming such thickness properly spiked or bolted together, 
 and when the header is more than fifteen feet in length wrought- 
 iron flitch plates of proper thickness and depth shall be placed 
 between t.wo wooden beams suitably bolted together to and through 
 the iron plates in constructing the trimmer and header beams ; or 
 wrought-iron or rolled steel beams of sufficient strength may be 
 used. Every wooden beam, except header and tail beams, shall rest 
 at one end four inches in the wall, or upon a girder as authorized by 
 this title. All wooden floor and wooden roof beams shall be properly 
 bridged with cross-bridging and the distance between bridging or 
 between bridging and walls shall not exceed eight feet. Every 
 wooden header or trimmer more than four feet long, used in any 
 building, shall be hung in stirrup-irons of suitable thickness for 
 the size of the timbers or joist hangers approved by the inspector
 
 —219— 
 
 of building^s. No timber shall be used in any wall of any building 
 where stone, brick or iron is commonly used, except lintels, as 
 hereinbefore provided. The ends of all wooden floor and roof 
 beams, where they rest on brick walls, shall be cut to a level of 
 three inches on their depth, so that in case of fire they may fall 
 without injury to walls. All wooden beams shall be trimmed away 
 from the flues, whether the same be a smoke, air, or any other flue, 
 the trimmer beam to be eight inches from the inside face of the 
 flue in a straight way and four inches from the outside of a chim- 
 ne\- breast, and the header two inches from the outside face of the 
 flue. 
 
 Each tier, of beams shall be anchored to the side, front, rear or 
 party walls at intervals of not more than six feet apart, with good, 
 strong wrought-iron anchors of not less than one and a half inches 
 by three-eighths of an inch in size, well fastened to the side of the 
 beams by two or more nails made of wrought-iron at least one- 
 fourth of an inch in diameter. The ends of beam resting upon 
 girders shall be butted together, end to end, and strapped by 
 wrought-iron straps of the same size and distance apart, and in 
 the same beams as the wall anchors, and shall be fastened in the 
 same manner as said wall anchors, or they may lap each other at 
 least twelve inches and be well spiked or bolted together where 
 lapped. Where the beams are supported by girders, the girders 
 shall be anchored to the walls and fastened to each other by suitable 
 iron straps. Every pier and wall, front or rear, shall be well an- 
 chored to the beams of each story, with the same size anchors as are 
 required for side walls, which anchor shall hook over the second 
 beams. Each tier of beams, front and rear, opposite each pier, shall 
 have hard wood or Georgia pine anchor strips dovetailed into the 
 beams diagonally, which strips shall cover at least four beams, and 
 be one inch thick and four inches wide, but no such anchor strips 
 shall be let in within four feet of the center line of the beams ; or 
 wooden strips shall be nailed on the top of the beams and kept in 
 place imtil the floors are being laid. Wooden columns supporting 
 wooden girders and wooden floor beams and wooden roof beams, 
 in all buildings more than two stories in height, shall each have 
 cap and base plates of iron not less than one inch thick, and of 
 proper size and shape. Said wooden columns, when placed one 
 over another, shall not bear upon any wooden girder, but shall 
 bear directly upon each other, or shall have between the iron plates
 
 —220— 
 
 suital)lc iron dowels passino^ tlirou<:^h the jj^irdcrs. All timbers and 
 wood beams used in any building- shall be of good, sound material, 
 free from rot, larg-e and loose knots, shakes, or any imperfection 
 whereby the strength may be impaired, and be of such size and 
 dimensions as the purposes for which the building is intended re- 
 quire. 
 
 WOODKX BUILDINGS OUTSIDE FIRE DISTRICT. 
 
 Sec. 183. Outside of the fire district before prescribed herein, 
 buildings of frame or wood may be erected, but no frame building, 
 to be occupied or used as a stable, workshop or manufactory, shall 
 be built more than two stories or twenty-five feet in height, nor 
 shall any wooden tower or spire be built or rebuilt fo a greater 
 heig-ht than sixty feet. No frame or wooden dwelling house here- 
 after erected shall exceed three stories or thirty-five feet in height. 
 
 GENERAL RESTRICTIONS FOR WOODEN BUILDINGS. 
 
 Sec. 184. When two or more houses, mentioned in the preced- 
 ing section, are built contiguous, the party or division studding 
 shall be not less than four inches thick and filled in solidly with 
 brickwork, or the division walls may be of brick not less than eight 
 inches thick above the foundation wall ; and the ends of the floor 
 beams shall be so separated that four inches of brick will be between 
 the beams where they rest on said walls. All frame or wooden 
 buildings exceeding- a height of fifteen feet shall be built with sills, 
 posts, studs, plates and rafters, all of suitable size and properly 
 framed and braced, and with suitable studs set at proper distances 
 apart. The floor bean)S shall not be less than two inches in thickness. 
 The covering- of roofs may be of shingle. All cellar or basement 
 walls of frame or wooden buildings shall be not less than eight 
 inches thick if of brick, or of a greater thickness if of stone. When 
 any said wall is eight feet or more above the surface of the ground, 
 then the wall shall be not less than twelve inches thick if of brick, 
 or not less than sixteen inches thick, if of stone. Frame buildings 
 sheathed with boards and partially or entirely covered with four 
 inches of brickwork shall be deemed to be frame buildings. 
 
 FIRE-ESCAPES. 
 
 Sec, 185. Every dwelling house occupied by or built to be oc- 
 cupied by three or more families above the first story, and every 
 building already erected, or that may hereafter be erected, more
 
 —221— 
 
 than three stories in height, occupied and used as a hotel or lodging 
 house, and every boarding house having more than fifteen sleep- 
 ing rooms above the ground floor, and every factory, mill, manufac- 
 tory or workshop, hospital, asylum or institution for the care or 
 treatment of individuals, and every building in whole or in part 
 occupied or used as a school or place of instruction, or assembly, 
 and every office building four stories or more in height, shall be 
 provided with such good and sufficient fire-escapes and stairways 
 as shall be directed by the inspector of buildings. The inspector 
 of buildings shall make rules and regulations for the construction 
 of outside fire-escape balconies and ladders. The inspector of build- 
 ings shall have full and exclusive power and authority within said 
 city to direct fire-escapes and other means of egress to be provided 
 upon and within said building or any of them. The owner or own- 
 ers of any building upon which a fire-escape is erected shall keep 
 the same in good repair and properly painted. 
 
 OBSTRUCTING FIRE-ESCAPES. 
 
 Sec. 186. In constructing all balcony fire-escapes, the manu- 
 facturer thereof shall securely fasten thereto, in a conspicuous 
 place, a cast-iron plate having suitable raised letters on the same, 
 to read as follows : "Notice ! Any person placing any incumbrance 
 on this balcony is liable to a penalty of ten dollars." 
 
 No person shall at any time place an incumbrance of any kind 
 whatsoever before or upon any fire-escape. 
 
 It shall be the duty of every fireman and policeman who shall 
 discover any fire-escape balcony or ladder of any fire-escape in- 
 cumbered in any way to forthwith report the same to the inspector 
 of buildings, who shall immediately notify the occupant of the 
 apartment or premises to which such fire-escape is attached, either 
 verbally or in writing, to remove such incumbrance and to keep 
 the fire-escape free from further incumbrance. If such notice 
 shall not be complied with said inspector shall notify the city attor- 
 ney, and said occupant, on conviction, shall be fined not more than 
 ten dollars for each oii'ense. 
 
 ROPE FOR fire-escape. 
 
 Sec. 187. The owner, proprietor or manager of every hotel and 
 lodging house, and of every boarding house having more than fif- 
 teen sleeping rooms above the ground floor, and the person or per-
 
 —222— 
 
 sons having- charc^e or mana.8^ement of every pul)lic or private hos- 
 pital or asylum building", shall place or cause to be placed in every 
 room used as a lodging or sleeping room in such building, except 
 the rooms on the ground floor, and also excepting rooms one or 
 more windows of which open upon a fire-escape having direct access 
 to the ground, a manilla rope, or other better appliance to be 
 approved by said chief of fire department, to be used as an auxil- 
 iary means of escape. Said rope or other appliance shall be- sc- 
 securely fastened on one end to a suitable iron hook or eye, to be se- 
 curely driven into or fastened to the wall or stud next adjoining 
 the frame of the window, or one of the windows, of such room, 
 and at all times to be coiled up and exposed to the view of the 
 occupant of the room, the coil to be fastened in such slight manner 
 as to be easily and quickly loosened. Said rope shall not be less 
 than one inch in diameter and shall be of sufficient length to reach 
 the ground, and the rope and fastenings shall be of sufficient 
 strength to sustain a weight of not less than one thousand pounds. 
 
 CHIEF TO INSPECT BUILDINGS. 
 
 Sec. 188. The chief of the fire department shall cause any build- 
 ing to which the requirement of rope-escapes applies to be periodi- 
 cally inspected to ascertain whether the provisions of the preceding 
 section as to ropes have been complied with, and to report any 
 omission or neglect thereof to the city attorney. The provisions 
 of the preceding section in regard to auxiliary rope fire-escapes shall 
 not apply to fireproof buildings. All buildings requiring fire- 
 escapes shall have stationary iron ladders leading to the scuttle 
 opening in the roof thereof, and all scuttles and ladders shall be 
 kept so as to be ready for use at all times. If a bulkhead is used 
 in place of a scuttle, it shall have stairs with sufficient guard or 
 hand-rail leading to the roof. In case the building shall be a ten- 
 ement house, the door in the bulkhead or any scuttle shall at no 
 time be locked, but may be fastened on the inside by moveable bolts 
 or hooks. Every dwelling house arranged for or occupied by two 
 or more families above the first story, shall be provided with an 
 entrance to the basement thereof from the outside of such building. 
 
 REAR TENEMENTS FORBIDDEN. 
 
 ' Sec. 189. No building to be used for resident purposes shall 
 be altered from other purposes or built in the rear of a building
 
 —223— 
 
 occpiipying the front of the same lot or plot of g-round. nor shall 
 any bnilding- now existinj^ or used or to be used for resident pur- 
 poses be moved so that it shall stand in the rear of the building 
 occupying the front of the same lot or plot of ground, and no 
 building whatsoever shall be erected or placed in front of the build- 
 ing occupying the rear of the same lot or plot of ground, except 
 a special permit be obtained from the board of fire commissioners 
 and the board of health. 
 
 ABATEMENT OF REAR TENEMENTS. 
 
 Sec. 190. Any building erected, altered or moved in violation 
 of these ordinances shall be deemed and held a common nuisance, 
 and the building inspector, with the advice of the mayor, having 
 given reasonable notice under his hand to the owner of such build- 
 ing to remove or destroy the same, shall, in case said order is not 
 complied with, abate such nuisance at the expense of the city, and 
 the expense so incurred shall from the time when such work is 
 begun, be and continue a lien and real encumbrance in favor of said 
 city upon the land of the owner upon which said building stood. 
 Such amount may also be recovered in a civil action in the name 
 of the city. 
 
 LIGHT AND VENTILATION. 
 
 Sec. 191. All buildings to be used for residential purposes shall 
 be so erected and located as to provide for a preservation at least 
 ten percentum of the area of the lot upon which they are erected 
 free from all construction from ground to sky, unless said lot has 
 two sides bordering upon public streets. 
 
 DANGEROUS BUILDINGS. 
 
 Sec. 192. Whenever, in the opinion of the inspector, any build- 
 ing, wall or part of any building, on account of any cause or defect, 
 is dangerous, or when any building shall be deemed unsafe for the 
 purpose for which it was used, or shall be in danger of being set 
 on fire from any defect in its construction, or when doors or stair- 
 ways in any public hall, theatre or factory, are insufficient for the 
 escape of people in case of fire, panic or accident, the inspector 
 shall notify the owner or his agent, in writing, specifying wherein 
 such danger consists, or wherein such building is unsafe or defective. 
 If the owner or agent neglects to proceed to put such building in a
 
 22 
 
 safe condition or forthwith to pull down or secure such building, 
 wall or dangerous parts or remedy the defect, he shall be deemed 
 guilty of a misdemeanor. 
 
 BUILDINGS ENDANGERING LIFE. 
 
 Sec. 193. In case the decision of the inspector upon the safety 
 of any building, or any part thereof, is made in a case which is so 
 urgent that the failure to promptly carry out his order to demolish 
 or strengthen such building, or part thereof, may endanger life 
 and limb, the decision and order of the inspector shall be absolute 
 and final, and no appeal therefrom to an arbitration shall be per- 
 mitted. 
 
 DUTY OF INSPECTOR IF BUILDING IS DANGEROUS. 
 
 Sec. 194. Whenever, upon evidence, the inspector of buildings 
 and the chief of the fire department shall determine that there is 
 actual and immediate danger of the falling of any building or part 
 thereof, so as to endanger life, such building, or part thereof shall 
 thereupon be deemed a nuisance, and the inspector shall cause such 
 work to be done as may be necessary to render said building or part 
 thereof, safe, or may cause said building, or such part thereof, as 
 may be unsafe, to be torn down and removed. 
 
 OBSTRUCTION OF STREET AND SIDEWALK. 
 
 Sec. 195. Any person duly licensed or permitted to occupy any 
 part of any street within the city limits while erecting or repair- 
 ing any building, and any person making any excavation in any 
 sidewalk or who shall remove the pavement or material of which 
 the sidewalk is composed, for any purpose, shall provide safe and 
 convenient passage around or over that part of the sidewalk or 
 street removed or excavated by them or occupied by them while 
 so erecting or repairing any building, for public travel, by erecting 
 and maintaining a plank walk not less than three feet in width, 
 over or around so much of the sidewalk as they may have removed 
 or excavated, or they may occupy while erecting or repairing any 
 building, unless the street in front thereof is paved with brick or 
 asphalt, in which case a walk shall be kept clean around said side- 
 walk. 
 
 Said person shall at all times keep that part of the sidewalk oc- 
 cupied by them and the excavation made by them, properly lighted
 
 —225— 
 
 in accordance with these ordinances, and shall at all times keep the 
 street gutters free and clear from anything which will prevent or 
 retard the flow of water therein. The opening left in the gutters for 
 water shall not be less than twelve inches in width, and if covered, 
 the interior space shall not be less than eight inches in height. 
 
 STREET AND SIDEWALK TO BE USED ONLY DURING CONSTRUCTION. 
 
 Sec. 196. The permission to occupy streets and sidewalks for 
 purposes of building is intended only for use in connection with 
 the actual erection, repair or alteration , of buildings, and must 
 terminate with the completion of such operation. It shall be unlaw- 
 ful to occupy any sidewalk or street after the completion of the 
 operation for which such permit has been issued by the inspector of 
 iDuildings. It shall also be unlawful to occupy a street or sidewalk 
 under authority of such permit, for the storage of articles not intend- 
 ed for immediate use in connection with the operations for which 
 such permit has been issued. 
 
 PRIVILEGE OF USING SIDEWALK BEYOND BUILDING. 
 
 Sec. 197. If the written consent, and a waiver of claims for 
 damages against the city, of the owners of properties abutting upon 
 the site of any proposed building is obtained, and filed with the 
 inspector of buildings, the permission to occupy the roadway and 
 the sidewalk may be extended beyond the limits of such buildings 
 upon the same terms and conditions as those herein fixed for the 
 occupation of the sidewalk and street in front of the building itself. 
 
 TO RELAY SIDEWALKS. 
 
 Sec. 198. If any person shall remove any portion of the side- 
 walk before any premises for any of the purposes hereinbefore 
 mentioned, the owner of said premises shall, upon the order of the 
 director of public works and within thirty days of the time when 
 notice of such order shall have been served upon them, relay said 
 walk with such material as the said director shall decide upon and 
 specify in said order. 
 
 VIOLATION OF ORDINANCE REGARDING SIDEW^ALKS. 
 
 Sec. 199. The director of public works, whenever he discovers 
 any violation of any of the provisions of this ordinance, relating 
 to sidewalks and gutters, shall immediately leave with the owner
 
 —226— 
 
 of the buildino^. or his agent, notices of such violation, and an order 
 that the requirement violated shall be innnediately complied with. 
 If, after three hours, the order of the director of public works has 
 not been complied with, it shall be his duty to execute the same, 
 and the expense thereof shall be a lien or real incumbrance in favor 
 of said city upon said land and buildine^s, or both. And it shall be 
 the duty of the director of public works to record his certificate 
 of lien for such expense, to be recorded within sixty days there- 
 after, unless the same shall have previously been paid. 
 
 PERMIT TO LAST FOR SIX MONTHS. 
 
 Sec. 200. Every permit for the erection, alteration, or repair 
 of a building, shall be considered canceled if active work is not 
 commenced within the period of six months from the date of its 
 issue. 
 
 REV^OCATION OF PERMIT. 
 
 Sec. 201. Every permit shall be subject, to revocation should 
 the inspector become convinced that the work done under said 
 permit is proceeding in violation of law or of these ordinances, or 
 done in a reckless or careless manner. Revocation of a permit 
 shall be in writing- and shall be served on the owner or his agent, 
 or in their absence on any one doing any of the work ; and from 
 and after such revocation of permit all parties doing any work in 
 or about said structure, building or premises shall be deemed guilty 
 of a misdemeanor within the temis of this ordinance. 
 
 PERMIT TO MOVE BUILDINGS. 
 
 Sec. 202. Pennits to move buildings shall be granted when a 
 building has not been damaged to an extent greater than fifty per 
 cent, of its original value by wear and tear, the action of the ele- 
 ments, fire or otherwise. 
 
 Any person desiring to remove a building shall first obtain the 
 written consent to such removal from the building inspector and 
 the director of public works. No wooden building shall be moved 
 from one lot to another until a sworn petition setting forth the pur- 
 poses of said removal, and the uses to which said building is to be 
 applied, is filed in the ofBce of the inspector of buildings, and the 
 written consent of said inspector is first obtained therefor. No 
 wooden building shall be moved from without to within the fire 
 limits.
 
 SERVICE OF NOTICE. 
 
 Sec. 203. In all cases where, by the provisions of this ordi- 
 nance, notice is required to be given, such notice shall be served 
 by posting a written or printed copy thereof on the premises con- 
 cerned, and either leaving a duplicate copy thereof at the usual 
 place of abode of the party interested, if within the city, or by 
 mailing such duplicate in a registered letter to the last known ad- 
 dress of said party, if residing without the city, or publishing the 
 said notice for three successive days in the newspapers employed 
 to do the city printing. Any notice served upon the architect or 
 other duly authorized agent in charge of an}' building or estate, shall_ 
 be binding upon the owner thereof. 
 
 No wall, structure, building, or part thereof, shall hereafter be 
 built or constructed within said city, except in confonnity with the 
 provisions of this title. Xo building already erected or hereafter to 
 be built, in said city, shall be raised, altered or built upon, in any 
 manner that would be in violation of any of the provisions of this 
 title. 
 
 PENALTIES. 
 
 Sec. 204. Any person, firm or corporation, violating any of 
 the provisions of this chapter shall forfeit and pay a penalty of 
 not less than twenty-five nor more than one hundred dollars for 
 every such violation, except such fines as are otherwise herein pro- 
 vided for, and shall further suffer and pay a penalty of not less 
 than ten nor more than one hundred dollars for each and every 
 day such person, firm or corporation shall continue such violation 
 after written notice from the inspector of buildings. 
 
 BUILDING LINES. 
 
 Sec. 205. Whenever new streets are laid out or the lines of 
 existing streets are changed, building lines for said streets shall 
 be established or designated by the board of aldermen, and until 
 such line is so established it shall not be lawful for any person to 
 erect or to place, cause to be erected or to be placed any building 
 or structure on such street,' and after the establishment of such 
 line it shall be unlawful for any person to erect or to place, cause 
 to be erected or to place any building or structure nearer such 
 street than the line so established.
 
 —228— 
 
 Am person ofYcndiiif^ a.q'aiiist any of the provisions of this section 
 shall forfeit and pa}- a penalty of not less than twenty-five, nor more 
 than one hundred dollars for every such ofifense ; and a like penaltv 
 for every week that such huildinij '»r other structure, shall remain in 
 violation of any of the provisions of this section. 
 
 NUMBERING BUILDINGS. 
 
 Sec. 206. The board of aldermen shall have power to cause num- 
 bers of rep^ular series, to be affixed to, or inscribed on all buildings, 
 or parts of buildings, erected or fronting on any street, alley, or pub- 
 lic court in said city, at their discretion ; and shall also have power to 
 determine the form, size, and material of such numbers, and the 
 mode, place, succession and order of inscribing and affixing them on 
 the respective houses or other buildings. 
 
 Sec. 207. Any owner or occupant of any building or part of a 
 building, who shall neglect or refuse for sixty days to affix to the 
 same the number designated by the board of aldermen, or who shall 
 affix to the same, or retain thereon more than one day, any number 
 contrary to the direction of said board, shall forfeit and pay a 
 penalty of not less than one, nor more than twenty dollars for 
 every such ofifense, and a like penalty for every day thereafter 
 until the directions of said board are complied wnth. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS. 
 
 Sec. 208. No person shall injure or deface any public or pri- 
 vate building, fence, sign, or property in said city, by cutting, 
 breaking, marking, daubing with paint, or in any other manner. 
 
 Any person offending against any of the provisions of this sec- 
 tion shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not more than fifty dollars 
 for everv such ofifense.
 
 99q_ 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 BURIAL GROUNDS. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 209. Rubbish in burial grounds, '213. Rules, how made and ap- 
 
 penalty for. proved. 
 
 210. Defacing grounds, monu- 214 Chart of grounds. 
 
 ments, penalty for. 215. Assessments not to be levied 
 
 211. Driving of animals in, speed against, capitalized corpora- 
 
 limit, tions excepted. 
 
 212. Noise and language in 
 
 grounds. 
 
 Sec. 209. Every person who shall deposit or cause to be de- 
 posited any dirt, grass, brush, stones, iron, building- materials, or 
 rubbish of any kind, upon any private lot in any burial ground 
 in said city, unless by permission of the owner of such lot. or upon 
 any public lot or in or upon any of the alleys, paths, borders or 
 other parts of said burial ground, not included in a private lot, 
 without the permission of the committee or other persons having 
 legal charge of the particular place of such deposit, shall forfeit 
 and pay a penalty of not less than five, nor more than fifty dollars 
 for each offense. 
 
 And every person having made such deposit or caused the same 
 to be made, and having been notified by the owner or other person 
 having legal charge of the particular place of such deposit, to re- 
 move the same, shall forfeit and pay an additional penalty of one 
 dollar for each and every day he shall refuse or neglect to do so. 
 
 Sec. 210. Every person who shall climb upon or over the fence 
 or wall of any public or private burial ground in said city, or upon 
 or over the wall or fence enclosing any lot in such cemetery, or 
 who shall climb or stand upon any of the monuments in such 
 cemetery, except in cases of necessity, or who shall willfully and 
 maliciously mark, deface, mutilate, destroy, remove or injure any 
 wall, fence or gateway of any burial ground in said city, or of any 
 lot or enclosure in such burial ground, or any turf, tree, shrub, 
 plant, vault, tomb, tombstone, monument or ornament in such
 
 —230— 
 
 burial ground, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not less than five, 
 nor more than one hundred dollars for every such offense. 
 
 Sec. 211. No person shall ride or drive any horse or other 
 animal, at a gait faster than a walk, within the limits of any burial 
 g-round in said city, or any horse or other animal, alone or attached 
 to any carriage or other vehicle, on the turf in any such burial 
 ground, under penalty of five dollars for each offense. 
 
 Sec. 212. Every person guilty of uttering any profane, ob- 
 scene, or threatening languag^e, or of makmg any disturbing noise 
 in any burial ground in said city, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of 
 not more than fifty dollars for every^ such offense. 
 
 Sec. 213. The directors of any burial association of said city 
 may make reasonable rules and regulations for the government of 
 such ground, and for the conduct of individuals while visiting the 
 same, which rules, being approved by a vote of the board of alder- 
 men, shall be conspicuously posted at or near the entrance to such 
 ground, and every person willfully violating any such rules shall 
 forfeit and pay a penalty of not more than ten dollars for. every 
 such offense. •* 
 
 'Sec. 214. The directors or committee of every burial ground 
 shall keep, for public inspection, in some convenient place near 
 the entrance thereof, a chart of such ground showing the owner- 
 ship of the several lots, which chart shall be by them revised and 
 corrected during the month of May, in each year, under a penalty 
 of ten dollars for every such director or member of such committee 
 neglecting- the duties of this section. 
 
 Sec. 215. That, inasmuch as the burial grounds of the ceme- 
 tery associations located in the city of New Haven are laid out 
 and maintained for public and charitable purposes and not for 
 profit, no assessments for special benefits from the improvement 
 of any streets or sidewalks adjoining any of said burial grounds or 
 the construction of any sewer in said streets, and no charges for 
 such improvements, directed or executed by the city, shall be made 
 or enforced against any of said corporations ; provided, that this 
 shall not apply to any corporation organized with capital stock for 
 the purpose of realizing profit for its shareholders.
 
 -231- 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 CONTRACTS. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 216. Bonds, deeds and contracts 218. Mayor and controller to sign 
 
 in behalf of the city. evidences of indebtedness. 
 
 217. Executory contracts; how ex- 219. City printing and advertising; 
 
 ecuted; regulations govern- regulations governing the 
 
 ing contracts made by a same, 
 
 board, committee or officer. 
 
 Sec. 216. No bond, deed or other contract under seal shall be 
 issued in the name and behalf of said city, without an order or 
 resolution therefor, previously passed in due form, by the board 
 of aldermen. 
 
 All bonds of the city shall be countersigned by the city treas- 
 urer. 
 
 The mayor shall cause the city clerk to keep a record of all such 
 instruments. 
 
 Sec. 217. No contract to be executed by the city, after one 
 year from the date thereof, shall be binding on the city, unless ex- 
 pressly authorized by law, or by a vote of the board of aldermen. 
 
 The board, committee, or officer, making any contract in behalf 
 of the city, shall keep a careful record of the same for the informa- 
 tion of the city authorities, and shall cause all written contracts 
 in favor of the city to be carefully preserved on file. 
 
 All contracts in favor of the city, and to run more than one 
 year, shall be published once in the city year book. 
 
 Sec. 218. Whenever the board of finance shall authorize the 
 borrowing of money for tb.e ttse of the city in anticipation of any 
 tax or assessment previously laid, the note or other obligation of 
 the city evidencing such obligation, shall be signed by the mayor 
 and controller. In all cases where the issuance of bonds is author- 
 ized by the general assembly and it is not otherwise provided in 
 such act. such bonds shall be signed by the mayor and treasurer, 
 and countersigned by the controller.
 
 __232— 
 
 Sec. 219. Whenever the estimated expenses of any city print- 
 mg shall in any case exceed the sum of one hundred dollars, such 
 printing shall be done by contract, awarded to the lowest respon- 
 sible bidder under the direction of the controller and city clerk. 
 The rates for newspaper advertising- shall be no greater than those 
 paid by individuals. 
 
 \Mienever any officer or department is required to advertise for 
 bids, for any work to be done, or materials to be furnished for 
 said city of New^ Haven, said officer or department shall also post 
 in a conspicuous place, in the front corridor of the city hall, on a 
 suitable bulletin board, to be provided by the director of public 
 works, a notice calling for bids for such work to be done, or mate- 
 rials to be furnished, at least ten days before the time limited for 
 the ofifering of such bids. No bids for work to be done or materials 
 to be furnished shall be accepted or any contract awarded thereon, 
 unless such notice as is provided for by this section, shall have 
 been given.
 
 -233— 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 ELECTIONS. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 220. How warned. 223. Moderators' powers and dut- 
 
 221. How conducted, duty of mod- ies. 
 
 erator and city clerk. 224. ^Moderator's orders to be 
 
 222. Minors not to loiter about obeyed. 
 
 polling places. 
 
 Sec. 220. The mayor of said city shall issue an order under his 
 hand for the election of city or ward officers on the third Tuesday 
 of April in each year, and for any special election or vote to be 
 taken in said city or any ward thereof, under authority of law, 
 which order shall specify the purposes of such meeting, election 
 or vote, and the several places of meeting or voting, after the 
 same shall have been designated by the board of police commis- 
 sioners, and said order, being recorded in the city records and a 
 certified copy published in two or more daily newspapers in said 
 city, at least five days before the time prescribed for such meeting, 
 election or vote, shall be sufficient warning thereof. 
 
 Sec. 221. Such elections and votes shall be conducted in all 
 respects, as provided in the statutes of this state. 
 
 Immediately after an election of city or ward officers it shall be 
 the duty of the city clerk to procure a copy of the certified re- 
 turns from the town clerk and record the same in the city records. 
 
 Sec. 222. No minor or other person not an elector, shall loiter 
 about any voting place, during the taking of any vote, or about 
 the place where the vote is being counted. 
 
 Sec. 223. The moderator of the poll at any city election or 
 vote shall see that the official challengers shall have full and free 
 opportunity to exercise their office, that every voter shall have 
 convenient and unobstructed opportunity to vote, that a free pass- 
 age to the ballot boxes shall be kept open, that the polls and 
 voting booths shall be kept free from noise and distiirbance. and 
 he shall have authority forthwith to arrest without warrant any 
 person disobeying his lawful orders for the aforesaid purpose or
 
 —23 
 
 guilty of violating any law or of attempting to violate any law 
 with reference to such election, and cause him to be taken to the 
 police station for prosecution ; but if such person is entitled to 
 vote, he shall have an opportunity to do so before removal. 
 
 Sec. 224. Every person who shall disobey the proper order of 
 the moderator, for any of the aforesaid purposes, or who shall 
 willfully and maliciously disturb the good order and quiet of any 
 such election or vote, or injure, deface or interfere with any of the 
 voting booths aforesaid, or violate any other provision of this or- 
 dinance, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not less than one, nor 
 more than one hundred dollars for everv such offense.
 
 —235— 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 ENGINEERS. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 225. Licenses required. 229. Revocation of licenses. 
 
 226. Mayor to appoint supervis- 230. Examination after six months. 
 
 ors. 231. Appeals on revocations. 
 
 227. How applications for licenses 232. Penalty provisions. 
 
 are to be made. 233. Exemptions. 
 
 228. License fee. Competent per- 234. Penalty for abandoning en- 
 
 sons to be licensed. Re- gine. 
 
 newals. 
 
 Sec, 225. No person shall be the eng-ineer of, or shall have 
 charge of or operate any steam boiler or steam engine, in the 
 city of New Haven, for a period exceeding one week, who shall 
 not have a license certificate authorizing him to have charge of, or 
 operate, such engine or boiler, from the board of examiners here- 
 inafter constituted. 
 
 Sec. 226. The mayor shall appoint a board of examiners, which 
 shall consist of three members, one of whom at least shall be an 
 engineer who has had ten years' experience in the operation of 
 steam boilers, or steam engines, said appointment to be made by 
 appointing one member annually on the first day of June in each 
 year to serve for a period of three years, or until their successors 
 are appointed, and shall grant the license hereinafter provided for, 
 and serve without pay. 
 
 Sec. 227. Before any person shall be employed as an engineer 
 of any such boiler or engine, or shall have charge of or operate 
 any such boiler or engine, he shall make a written application to 
 said board of examiners for the license hereinbefore mentioned, 
 and shall specify in such application the particular engine, boiler, 
 or plant which he desires to operate or have charge of, which ap- 
 plication shall be accompanied by references as to his character 
 and ability, and the filing of such references with said board shall 
 be considered as a compliance with the provisions of this ordi- 
 nance, for thirty days thereafter, or until his said application shall
 
 —236— 
 
 have been passed upon by said board, and said applicant, after the 
 filino- of said references, shall have the rig-ht to operate and have 
 charge of any such eng-ine, boiler, or plant, until his application 
 shall have been passed upon by said board. 
 
 Sec. 228. Every person who shall satisfy said board of exam- 
 iners that he is a safe and competent person to operate and have 
 charge of the steam plant, boiler or engine specified in his applica- 
 tion shall, on payment of one ($1.00) dollar, receive a license per- 
 mitting- him to opera,te the same. Said license shall apply only to 
 the plant, boiler, or engine for which it is issued ; and before 
 taking- charge of another plant, the licensee shall apply for another 
 license for such other plant, for which other license, if the applica- 
 tion be made within a year, no charge shall be made ; after which 
 period a fee of one ($1.00) dollar shall be paid. For the renewals 
 above mentioned, no additional hearing shall be required, unless 
 in the judgment of said board it shall be necessary. Said license 
 must be framed and hung in a conspicuous place in the plant, or 
 upon or near the engine for which it is issued. 
 
 Sec. 229. Said board may at any time revoke any license is- 
 sued, on account of inebriety, incompetency, or negligence of the 
 holder of any license, or for any good cause, and no license shall 
 be issued to any licensee whose license shall be revoked, during 
 the next six months ensuing, after which time the license revoked 
 may be renewed, if, in the judgment of the board, the cause of its 
 revocation no longer exists. 
 
 Sec. 230. If said board shall refuse to grant to any applicant 
 a license, no license shall be issued to him for the next six months 
 following his application, but after said period said applicant may 
 make another application, and if found qualified, may be granted 
 a license. 
 
 Sec. 231. Whenever said board shall refuse to grant any ap- 
 plicant, or shall revoke any license, they shall give immediate 
 notice of such refusal, or revocation, to the applicant or licensee, 
 and such applicant or licensee may appeal from the decision of 
 such board to the mayor, in which case said applicant or licensee 
 shall file his appeal with the mayor within ten days after receiv- 
 ing notice of the decision of said board, and the mayor may con- 
 firm or reverse the decision of said board, and issue such license. 
 
 Sec. 232. Any person found guilty of any violation of the 
 provisions of this ordinance, except section 234 thereof, shall be
 
 —237— 
 
 fined not more than twenty-five ($25.00) dollars, nor less than 
 ten ($10.00) dollars. 
 
 Sec. 233. This ordinance shall not apply to railway locomo- 
 tives, nor engineers employed thereon, nor to steam vessels coming 
 under the jurisdiction of the United States board of supervising 
 inspectors, when employed upon the vessels to which said license 
 applies. Nor shall it apply to automobiles, private residences or 
 iDuildings for heating purposes, unless in the opinion of said board 
 such boiler is so equipped and run as to endanger public safety 
 unless operated by a licensed engineer. 
 
 Sec. 234. Any engineer in charge of any steam engine or boiler 
 who shall abandon it while in operation, without leaving a person 
 in charge of the same, who shall, in the opinion of the employer 
 •of said engineer, or of the owner of such engine, be competent to 
 take charge of the same, shall be fined not more than ten ($10.00) 
 •dollars.
 
 -238— 
 
 CHAPTER XL 
 
 FIRE. 
 
 Sec, 
 
 235. Meetings and duties of the 
 
 fire commissioners. 
 
 236. Property of the fire depart- 
 
 ment. 
 
 237. Powers of fire commissioners 
 
 with regard to fire alarm 
 telegraph. 
 
 238. Power to name temporary 
 
 chief. 
 
 239. Powers and duties of the 
 
 chief of the department. 
 
 240. Chiefs' orders to be obeyed; 
 
 penalty for interfering with 
 firemen, etc., or refusing to 
 obey orders. 
 
 241. Center of street to be cleared 
 
 in case of fire. 
 
 242. Driving over hose forbidden. 
 
 243. Badge or uniform of the de- 
 
 partment not to be worn by 
 outsiders. 
 
 244. Property of the department 
 
 not to be abstracted, injured 
 or defaced. 
 
 FIRE MARSHAL. 
 
 245. General duties and powers of 
 
 the fire marshal. 
 
 246. Orders of the fire marshal, 
 
 how given and appealed 
 from. 
 
 247. Orders of the fire marshal, 
 
 how enforced. 
 
 248. Penalty for hindering or ob- 
 
 structing the fire marshal. 
 
 Sec. 
 249. 
 
 250. 
 
 251. 
 252. 
 
 253. 
 254. 
 255. 
 256. 
 
 257. 
 258. 
 
 259. 
 
 260. 
 261. 
 262. 
 
 263. 
 
 Fire marshal to keep a record 
 book, make annual report to 
 board of aldermen, and pre- 
 sent complaints to the city 
 attorney. 
 
 FIRE ALARM TELK(;RAI'H. 
 
 Penalty for interfering with 
 or injuring fire alarm tele- 
 graph. 
 
 No person to open an alarm 
 box without authority. 
 
 No person to have fire alarm 
 key without permission. 
 
 FIRE HYDRANTS. 
 
 Fire commissioners to report 
 need of hydrants. 
 
 Duty of superintendent to 
 keep hydrants in repair. 
 
 Ropes, etc., not to be fastened 
 to hydrants; penalty. 
 
 Hydrants not to be encum- 
 bered; penalty. 
 
 GENERAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 Ashes not to be kept in wood- 
 en boxes, etc. 
 
 Regulations concerning the 
 keeping of hay, straw, etc.; 
 provisions for safety of 
 barns, stables, etc.; wooden 
 spittoons prohibited. 
 
 Penalty for careless use of 
 matches and fireworks. 
 
 Gas generators to be licensed. 
 
 Bonfires prohibited. 
 
 Piling lumber near dwelling 
 houses prohibited. 
 
 General penalties.
 
 —239- 
 
 FIRE DEPARTMENT, 
 
 Sec. 235. The board of fire commissioners shall meet statedly 
 on the Tuesday preceding- the first Thursday of every month. 
 
 Said board shall each month audit all bills, created in or for said 
 department, and cause those approved by them to be duly certified 
 and passed over to the city clerk, for the approval of the board of 
 finance. 
 
 Sec. 236. There shall be, for the use of said fire department, 
 such a number of steamers, hose-carriages, hook and ladder car- 
 riages and other apparatus, as the board of aldermen shall, from 
 time to time, prescribe, with necessary and proper teams, hose, 
 ladders, and such reasonable buildings for tlie accommodation of 
 the same as said aldermen and board of fire commissioners shall 
 deem proper. 
 
 Sec. 237. The board of fire commissioners shall have power 
 to procure and place in position such number of • fire alarm tele- 
 graph boxes and the appurtenances thereto, and also to purchase 
 such tools and implements, not specified in the preceding section, 
 as they may deem necessary. 
 
 Sec. 238. The board of fire commissioners shall cause to be 
 designated, under their rules, what officer shall have the power 
 and discharge the duties of chief in case of his absence or dis- 
 ability. 
 
 The chief shall keep a record of fires, fire alarms, the value and 
 kinds of property destroyed, and the amount of insurance thereon. 
 
 He shall report to said board, once a month, upon the condition 
 and efficiency of said department, and shall make an annual report 
 of the condition and affairs of said department to said board. 
 
 Sec. 239. During the continuance of any fire, the chief shall 
 have absolute control of the streets adjacent thereto; he may 
 blockade any such street, and forbid passage therein ; he may 
 order those present to stand back to any required and reasonable 
 distance ; he may command the assistance of any police officer, 
 special constable, or person present at the fire, in extinguishing 
 the same or preventing its spread, or in saving or securing 
 property. 
 
 He shall have power, with necessary assistance, to enter any 
 building or premises, for the purpose of extinguishing or checking 
 the progress of fire, or securing or protecting property, and he
 
 —240— 
 
 may, with the advice of the mayor, direct the destruction of any 
 building-, to stay the further progress of the fire. 
 
 Sec. 240. Every person present at or near a fire who shall con- 
 duct himself in a disorderly manner, or neglect or refuse to obey 
 promptly any proper order of the chief ; or who shall resist, ob- 
 struct, hinder or abuse any officer of the fire department, or any 
 fireman in the discharge of his duty, shall forfeit and pay a penalty 
 of not less than ten, nor more than one hundred dollars for each 
 ofifehse, and any of the aforesaid officers may forthwith arrest 
 without warrant, and take to a police station any person so 
 offending. 
 
 Sec. 241. In case of any alarm of fire, it shall be the duty of 
 the respective owners or drivers of aniinals and vehicles, in any 
 street in which any steamer, hose carriage or hook and ladder 
 carriage is approaching, to move such animal or vehicle to the 
 right or left of the center of such street without delay, so as to 
 give such fire apparatus free and unobstructed passage to the fire. 
 
 Sec. 242. No person shall drive any animal or vehicle over any 
 hose laid by the fire department, without permission therefor first 
 obtained from the chief or officer in charge. 
 
 Sec. 243. No person shall have or keep in his possession, ex- 
 cept while a member of the fire department of said city, any fire- 
 man's badge, issued by or belonging to said city, or shall wear any 
 uniform adopted for the department by said board. 
 
 Sec. 244. No person shall willfully and maliciously take away 
 conceal, cut, deface or injure any of the property of the city, be- 
 longing to or used by said fire department. 
 
 FIRE MARSHAL. 
 
 Sec. 245. It shall be the duty of the fire marshal to examine, 
 when necessary, all the fireplaces, chimneys, stoves, furnaces, heat- 
 ing or cooking apparatus, and the pipes connected therewith, of 
 all buildings and rooms in said city, and all places for depositing 
 ashes in said city ; to inspect all new buildings or additions before 
 the same are completed, in which there is any chimney or in which 
 any of said apparatus is to be used; to inspect, at least once every 
 three months, all places in which gunpowder, fireworks, burning 
 fluid, or illuminating or inflammable oil is or are kept, used or sold, 
 under a city license ; to inspect and test, from time to time, all
 
 —241— 
 
 kerosene oil. and oils of similar use, for sale in said city; and to 
 see that the same bear the test of 110 degrees Fahrenheit; to ex- 
 amine and order the removal of any shavings, straw, or other com- 
 bustible materials, accumulated in or near any building so as to 
 endanger property from fire ; to inquire into the manner of using 
 any building or room in said city, when he has reason to think that 
 such use endangers the city from fire ; to order such scuttles, fire- 
 escapes and fire ladders as he may deem necessary for the reason- 
 able safety .of persons or property ; to order such alterations and 
 changes in buildings and rooms, and in the use of the same, and 
 in piles of lumber, as to conform with this ordinance, and render 
 the city reasonably safe from fire ; to order any person or persons 
 engaged in erecting, enlarging or using any .building, in said city, 
 contrary to this ordinance, to desist ; to issue the licenses and 
 permits prescribed for him, and to perform any other duty re- 
 quired of him by these ordinances. 
 
 Sec. 246. All orders in respect to any of the particulars in the 
 foregoing section mentioned shall be given in the manner fol- 
 lowing, viz. : The fire marshal shall specify in writing the thing 
 to be done and the time within which the order must be complied 
 with, and shall leave, or cause to be left, a true copy of said order 
 in the hands, or at the place of abode, of the person upon whom 
 such order is made. And every person upon whom such order 
 is made, as aforesaid, who shall neglect or refuse to comply with 
 such order within the time specified therein, shall forfeit and pay 
 a penalty of five dollars, and an additional penalty of five dollars 
 for every week during which such neglect or refusal shall 
 continue. 
 
 Provided: that any person feeling aggrieved by such order may 
 appeal to the board of aldermen, at their next regular session, 
 on giving written notice to said marshal forthwith, or within the 
 time limited in said order, and such order may be affirmed, modi- 
 fied or rescinded by said board, and any neg'lect or refusal to com- 
 ply with the order as approved by said board, shall be punished as 
 above provided ; but said board shall not allow the appellant to 
 continue any violation of these ordinances. 
 
 Sec. 247. If any order of the fire marshal, as provided in this 
 chapter, shall not be complied with in the time prescribed therein, 
 it shall be the duty of the fire marshal, with the advice of the 
 aua}OT, taking such assistance as may be necessary to cause such
 
 —242— 
 
 order to be complied with, and the expense thereof shall be re- 
 covered as hereinafter provided, in any proper fomi of action on 
 behalf of the city, as in the case of the expenses of the abatement 
 of nuisances. 
 
 Sec. 248. No person shall hinder, obstruct, resist or abuse said 
 fire marshal in the discharge of any of the duties imposed upon 
 him by these ordinances. 
 
 Sec. 249. The fire marshal shall keep a record book or books, 
 wherein he shall enter the substance of all orders issued by him, 
 all complaints made to him in reference to the matters within his 
 cog'nizance, and all inspections and examinations made by him. 
 
 He shall annually make report to the board of aldermen of the 
 services performed by him as fire marshal. 
 
 He shall enter complaint to the city attorney for any violation 
 of the provisions of this ordinance. 
 
 FIRE ALARM TELEGRAPH. 
 
 Sec. 250. No person shall cut any fire alarm teleg^raph wire, or 
 shall destroy, deface, or in any manner injure the fire alarm tele- 
 graph or any part thereof, in said city, or any of the appurtenances 
 of the same, or shall interfere with, or do anything- to the same, 
 so as to prevent or delay the proper or timely use thereof, or shall 
 without probable cause send in an alarm of fire. 
 
 Sec. 251. No person shall open any alarm-box connected with 
 the fire alarm telegraph, except by the authority of, and with the 
 key furnished by, the superintendent of the fire alarm telegraph. 
 
 Sec. 252. No person shall have, or keep in his possession, with- 
 out permission from the superintendent of the fire alarm telegraph, 
 any fire alarm telegraph key. 
 
 FIRE HYDRANTS. 
 
 Sec. 253. The board of fire commissioners shall report to the 
 board of aldermen, from time to time, whenever, in the opinion 
 of the said board, any new public fire hydrant or reservoir is 
 needed by the city for protection from fire. 
 
 Sec. 254. It shall be the duty of the chief of the fire depart- 
 ment to see that all public fire hydrants, wells and reservoirs are 
 kept at all times, in good condition and repair, and to report to
 
 —243— 
 
 the board of aldermen any deficiency in the supply of water to 
 any public hydrant. 
 
 Sec. 255. No person shall fasten any guy rope, brace, support, 
 or fastening- of any kind, or hitch or fasten any animal, to any 
 public hydrant. 
 
 Sec. 256. No person shall willfully break, injure, cover up or 
 encumber any hydrant or shall place upon or about. it any snow, 
 ice, sleet, rubbish, building material or other substance. 
 
 GENERAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 Sec. 257. No ashes shall be kept in any wooden box, cask or 
 barrel or emptied upon any wooden floor within any building in 
 said city. No chimney shall be cleaned by burning except during 
 the day time and when rain or snow is falling. 
 
 Sec. 258. No person shall deposit or keep any hay, stalks, 
 straw, husks or flags in any building in said city wherein any per- 
 son dwells, or in which a fire is kindled, until the arrangement in 
 such building for heating purposes shall have been examiried and 
 approved by the fire marshal. 
 
 No person shall carry into, or use in, any barn, stable or other 
 building in which hay, stalks, straw, husks or flags are deposited, 
 any lighted candle, lamp or fire, unless the same be well secured in 
 a lantern, nor carry into such building a lighted pipe or cigar. No 
 person shall keep for use any wooden spittoon, unless lined with 
 fireproof material. 
 
 Sec. 259. No person shall throw or drop any matches, unused 
 or with any fire on them, or any fireworks, into or in any barn, 
 stable, shop, store or factory, or upon any combustible materials. 
 
 Sec. 260. No machine or contrivance shall be used in any 
 building in said city for generating gas from oil or other fluid, for 
 lighting purposes, without a license therefor, under the hand of 
 the fire marshal, by direction of the board of fire commisioners. 
 
 Sec. 261. No bonfire shall be kindled in any street or public 
 park within said city, nor in any part of said city within one hun- 
 dred feet of any building, except in gardens or vacant lots, nor in 
 any garden or vacant lot within twenty-five feet of any building, 
 nor in any garden or vacant lot except between sunrise and two 
 o'clock in the afternoon; except by permit granted by the chiefs 
 of the police and fire departments.
 
 —24 
 
 Xo person shall kindle, or assist in kindlinj]^, a bonfire, contrary 
 to the foregoing^ provisions, or aid in supplying any fuel or com- 
 bustibles to such bonfire. 
 
 Sec. 262. No person shall jiile, or cause to be piled, any boards, 
 timber, shingles, lath or other lumber, in the vicinity of any dwell- 
 ing house in said city, at any less distance from dwelling house, at 
 the nearest point, than double the height of such pile. 
 
 Sec. 263. Every person or corporation who shall be guilty of 
 violating any of the provisions of this chapter, except when the 
 penalty is hereinbefore expressly provided, shall forfeit and pay 
 a- penalty of not less than one, nor more than one hundred dol- 
 lars, according to the nature and aggravation of the offense.
 
 —245- 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 FOOD. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 264. No unwholesome or adulter- 271. 
 
 ated milk to be sold. 
 
 265. The term adulterated milk de- 
 
 fined. 272. 
 
 266. Can or package containing 
 
 "skimmed milk" must be 
 marked. 273. 
 
 267. Dealers in milk must be li- 
 
 censed; provisions concern- 274. 
 ing; revocation. 
 
 268. Vehicles to have number of li- 
 
 cense on outside thereof. 275. 
 
 269. Employes of Board of Health 
 
 may enter upon premises of 
 producer or vender. 276. 
 
 270. Unlicensed dealer subject to 
 
 penalties. 
 
 Officials of Board of Health 
 may take samples for anal- 
 ysis. 
 
 No unwholesome meats, fish 
 and fruits, etc., to be sold in 
 city. 
 
 Place where food is sold must 
 be kept in clean condition. 
 
 No impure liquid to be 
 brought into the city or of- 
 fered for sale. 
 
 Unwholesome food may be 
 destroyed by proper offi- 
 cials and sale prohibited. 
 
 Penalty for violation of ordi- 
 nance. 
 
 ADULTERATED MILK. 
 
 Sec. 264. No milk producer, or vender, shall, either himself, or 
 throug-h his ag^ents, or employes, offer, or expose for sale, or sell or 
 deliver for sale, or consumption within the city, any unclean, im- 
 pure, unhealthy, unwholesome, or adulterated milk. 
 
 Sec. 265. The term adulterated milk, when used in this ordi- 
 nance, shall mean: 1. Milk showing at least two of the three fol- 
 lowing characteristics, to wit: 
 
 (a.) A specific gravity of less than 1.029, or more than 1.033; 
 
 (b.) Less than three and a half per centum of fat; 
 
 (c.) Less than eleven and one-half per centum of milk solids; 
 
 2. Milk drawn from cows within fifteen days before, or five 
 days after parturition, or 
 
 3. Milk drawn from animals fed on any substance in a state of 
 putrefaction, or any unhealthy food, or supplied with water which 
 is impure or unwholesome, or
 
 —246— 
 
 4. Milk drawn from cows kept in a crowded, filthy, or unclean 
 condition, or 
 
 5. Milk that has been diluted with water, or any other fluid, 
 or to which has been added, or into which has been introduced any 
 substance producing^ any deleterious eflfect on said milk, or 
 
 6. Milk from which any part of the cream has been removed, 
 unless such milk is sold as "skimmed milk." as hereinafter pro- 
 vided, or 
 
 7. Milk drawn from any animal affected with tuberculosis or 
 any other form of disease. All adulterated milk shall be deemed 
 unclean, unhealthy, impure and unwholesome. 
 
 Sec. 266. No person licensed under the provisions of this ordi- 
 nance shall have in his possession with intent to sell, offer or 
 expose for sale, or sell, or deliver for sale, or consumption, in any 
 store, or place of business, or from any wagon, cart, sleigh or other 
 vehicle used in distributing or selling milk, any milk from which 
 cream has been removed, or milk commonly known as "skim 
 milk," without first marking the can or package containing said 
 milk, and from which said milk is delivered to the purchaser or 
 consumer, with the words "skimmed milk" in large, plain, black 
 letters, each letter being at least one inch high and one-half inch 
 wide, said words to be on the top or side of said can or package in 
 such a position as to be easily seen when such milk is sold or 
 delivered. 
 
 Sec. 267. It shall be unlawful for any person to have in his 
 possession, with intent to sell, offer or expose for sale, or sell, de- 
 liver for sale, or consumption within this city, any milk without 
 having first obtained from the board of health a license so to do, 
 which license shall be issued on application in writing to said board 
 of health, upon blanks provided for such purpose, and on payment 
 to said board of health of a license fee of fifty cents. Said license 
 shall not be assignable, shall be effective until the first of May next 
 ensuing, and ma\^ be renewed for one year upon its expiration, on 
 application and payment of said fee as aforesaid, but the said board 
 of health shall have the right and authority to refuse to license 
 any person who has violated any of the provisions of this ordinance, 
 and may revoke and cancel such license, at any time, for a violation 
 of the provisions of this ordinance. 
 
 Sec. 268. Each licensee shall, before engaging in the sale of 
 milk, cause the name and number of his license to be legibly placed
 
 —247— 
 
 and kept in a conspicuous place on each side of the outer side of 
 all carriages, wagons, carts, sleighs or other vehicles used by him 
 in the conveyance and sale of milk. 
 
 Sec. 269. In order to carry out the provisions of this ordinance 
 the officials, inspectors and employes of the board of health shall 
 have the right at any and at all times to enter upon or into the prem- 
 ises of any producer or vender of milk licensed under the provi- 
 sions of this ordinance, and any refusal upon the part of said pro- 
 ducer or vender to allow such entry and inspection as may be re- 
 quired and directed by the boa.rd of health may be followed by the 
 revocation of the license of such producer or vender by said board 
 of health. 
 
 Sec. 270. Any milk producer or vender to whom a license for 
 the sale of milk has been refused, or whose license has been can- 
 celed or revoked, as provided in this ordinance, who shall here- 
 after offer, or expose for sale, sell or deliver for sale or consump- 
 tion within said city any milk, shall be subject to the penalties pro- 
 vided by this ordinance. 
 
 Sec. 271. The officials, inspectors or employees of the board of 
 health shall have the right to enter upon and inspect all places and 
 premises from which milk is sold and in which milk is stored, and 
 to board all carriages, wagons, carts, sleighs or other vehicles from 
 which milk is sold or delivered, and to take therefrom samples for 
 ■analysis, and any person who hinders or obstructs such officials, in- 
 spectors or employees while in the discharge of their duties shall 
 be subject to the penalties provided in this ordinance. 
 
 UNWHOLESOME MEATS, FISH, FRUIT, ETC. 
 
 Sec. 272. No meat, fish, birds or fowl, fruit or vegetables, not 
 iDeing then healthy, fresh, sound, wholesome and safe for human 
 food, nor any meat or fish that died by disease, or accident, and 
 no veal less than four weeks old, shall be brought within said city, 
 •or offered, or held for sale, in any public or private market as such 
 food anywhere in said city. 
 
 Sec. 273. Every person being the owner, lessee or occupant of 
 :any rooms, stall or place where any meat, fish, birds or fowl, fruit 
 ■or vegetables, designed or held for human food shall be stored or 
 kept, or shall be held, or offered for sale, shall put and keep such 
 Toom, stall and place, and its appurtenances in a clean and whole- 
 some condition ; and every person having charge or interested or
 
 —248— 
 
 engaged, whether as principal or agent, in the care or the custody 
 of any meat, fish, fruits, birds, fowl or vegetables designed for 
 human food, shall put and keep the same in a cleanly and whole- 
 some condition, and shall not allow the same, or any part thereof, 
 to be poisoned, infected or rendered unsafe, or unwholesome for 
 human food. 
 
 Sec. 274. No person shall bring into said city for use as a 
 drink for human beings, or ofTer, or have for sale in said city, as 
 such drink, any milk, or any other liquid whatever, so impure, 
 adulterated, diseased or contaminated as to be deleterious and in- 
 jurious to the public health, or any milk from diseased cattle. 
 
 Sec, 275. Upon any meat, birds, fowl, fish, fruit, vegetables, or 
 any articles of food or drink being found by any health inspector, 
 policeman, or any member of the health department in a condi- 
 tion which renders them in his opinion unwholesome and unfit for 
 use as human food, then such health inspector, policeman, or 
 member of the health department may forbid the same being of- 
 fered or exposed for sale, or being sold for human food, until the 
 owner or party in charge, or other proper person has obtained the 
 consent of the health officer to their being so offered, used or sold. 
 And thereupon, if the health officer shall have approved the judg- 
 ment of said health inspector, policeman or member of the health 
 department, said health of^cer may order said articles destroyed, 
 or may permit the owner or any party in charge to speedily re- 
 move such articles from any market, street or public place, but 
 not to sell, or dispose or offer to sell, or dispose thereof, for the 
 purpose of human food. 
 
 And in case of disobedience to such orders, and also in all cases 
 when in the opinion of the health officer such articles, by reason 
 of their being in a decayed or offensive condition, would, if allowed 
 to remain, be dangerous to health, the same (as the board of 
 health commissioners may provide) may be destroyed, or removed 
 by any health inspector, police officer, or officer of the health de- 
 partment to some suitable place at the expense of the city, and 
 the expense thereof shall be recoverable against the party who 
 should have removed the same in the same manner as are expenses 
 incurred by the health department under section 348 of the ordi- 
 nances of this city. 
 
 Sec. 276. Any person violating any of the provisions of this 
 chapter shall be fined not more than $100.00.
 
 —249— 
 
 CHAPTER XIIT. 
 GOOD ORDER AND DECBKCY. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 277. Bathing naked prohibited, ex- 281. Penalty for training for prize- 
 
 ccpt in places designated by fight. 
 
 board of aldermen; penalty. 282. Penalty for suffering animals- 
 
 278. Penalty for defacing build- to fight for wager. 
 
 ings, etc. 283. Penalty for carrying iron 
 
 279. Concert saloons; penalty for knuckles, etc., or concealed' 
 
 keeping, etc. weapons, without permis- 
 
 280. Sparring exhibitions; penalty sion. 
 
 for. 
 
 Sec. 277. No person shall swim or bathe naked in any of the 
 waters in or around said city, except in such places as may be des- 
 ignated by the board of aldermen for that purpose. 
 
 Any person offending against the provisions of this section shall' 
 forfeit and pay a penalty of five dollars for every such offense. 
 
 Sec. 278. Every person who shall willfully and maliciously be- 
 daub or besmear any building, fence, sidewalk, post, treebox or 
 guard, tree or shrub, premises, vehicles, statuary or fountain, or 
 any useful or ornamental thing or structure, with any paint or 
 filthy, substance, or any injurious or disfiguring matter, or shall in 
 any manner injure or disfigure, hack or cut any such building, 
 fence, sidewalk, post, tree box or guard', tree or shrub, premises, 
 vehicle, statuary or fountain, or any useful or ornamental thing or 
 structure, or shall make or draw any obscene or filthy figures 
 thereon, or write any obscene or disfiguring- words thereon, or 
 anything which shall injure or disfigure the same, shall be deemed' 
 guilty of committing a nuisance, and shall forfeit and pay a pen- 
 alty of not less than five, nor more than one hundred dollars for 
 every such offense. 
 
 Sec. 279. Ever}' concert saloon, and every place, enclosure, or 
 structure in said city, in which spirituous liquors, ale, wine or 
 lager beer is commonly sold, or given away, or reputed to be sold, 
 or given away, and in which any exhibition of dancing, acting,, 
 singing or music is also permitted; and; all separate, but con-
 
 —250— 
 
 tiguous, or nearly contiguous structures, used or intended to be 
 used, in connection with each other, for the selling or giving away 
 in one, spirituous liquors, ale, wine or lager beer, and also for any 
 such exhibition in the other, shall be deemed a common nuisance ; 
 and every person keeping any such saloon, place, enclosure, struc- 
 ture, or structures, and every person taking part in any such ex- 
 hibition therein, shall be deemed guilty of counseling and main- 
 taining a common nuisance, and shall forfeit and pay not less than 
 ten, nor more than one hundred dollars for every such offense. 
 
 Sec. 280. Every sparring exhibition, except with regulation 
 boxing gloves approved by the chief of police, shall be deemed a 
 nuisance, and every person taking part in such exhibition, except 
 as aforesaid, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not less than twen- 
 ty-five, nor more than one hundred dollars for every such offense. 
 
 Sec. 281. Every person who shall train himself or another per- 
 son in said city, for a prize fight, shall forfeit and pay a penalty 
 of one hundred dollars for every such offense. 
 
 Sec. 282. Every person who shall suffer any animal belonging 
 to him, or in his custody, to engage in any fight, concerning which 
 there is, or shall be, any prize, stake or wager, or who shall keep 
 any animal in said city for any such purpose, shall forfeit and pay 
 a penalty of not less than ten, nor more than fifty dollars for every 
 such offense. 
 
 Sec. 283. Every person who shall carry in said city, any steel 
 or brass knuckles, pistol, or any slung shot, stilletto or weapon of 
 similar character, or shall carry any weapon concealed on his per- 
 son without the permission of the mayor or chief of police in writ- 
 ing, shall, on conviction, pay a penalty of not less than five, nor 
 more than one hundred dollars.
 
 —251- 
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 
 
 HEALTH. . 
 CONTAGIOUS DISEASES. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 284. No private hospital for treat- 290. 
 
 ment of contagious disease 
 to be erected in city; penal- 
 ty. 291. 
 
 285. What diseases declared to be 
 
 contagious. 
 
 286. Physicians to report to board 292. 
 
 of health, nature of disease, 
 name of patient, etc. 
 
 287. Physicians to report the 293. 
 
 name, etc., of the person 294. 
 dying from contagious dis- 
 ease. 
 
 288. Hotels and lodging house 295. 
 
 keepers, etc., to report to 
 board of health when no 
 physician is in attendance. 296. 
 
 289. Persons sick with contagious 
 
 disease not to be removed 297. 
 without permit. 
 
 Child sick with contagious 
 disease not to be allowed to 
 aftend school. 
 
 Person sick, etc., not to come 
 into New Haven without 
 permit. 
 
 Isolation of person or cloth- 
 ing; board of health not to 
 be interfered with. 
 
 Public funerals prohibited. 
 
 Clothing or other articles not 
 to be taken into public con- 
 veyance unless disinfected. 
 
 Conveyance used in carrying 
 sick persons must be disin- 
 fected. 
 
 Dwelling houses to be pla- 
 carded. 
 
 Penalty. 
 
 Sec. 284. No private hospital for the care or treatment of con- 
 tagious or infectious diseases shall be erected or maintained in the 
 city of New Haven, and any person or persons, or corporation, 
 who shall violate this ordinance shall forfeit and pay a penalty of 
 not less than twenty-five dollars, nor more than one hundred dol- 
 lars for each and every week during which such hospitals shall be 
 so erected or maintained. 
 
 Sec. 285. That small-pox, scarlet fever, diphtheria, membrane- 
 ous croup, typhoid fever, typhus fever, Asiatic cholora, yellow 
 fever and measles, be and they are hereby declared to be dangerous 
 to the public health and they are hereby declared to be contagious 
 diseases within the meaning of these ordinances. 
 
 Sec. 286. Every physician practicing within the city of New 
 Haven shall report in writing to the board of health of said city,
 
 —252— 
 
 within twelve hours after he has discovered the nature of the dis- 
 -ease, or immediately, if practicable, specifying the name, age and 
 address of each patient having either of said contagious diseases, 
 for whom said physician has prescribed or attended, or had been 
 called upon to attend ; also the nature and duration of such dis- 
 • ease, the number of children, also the families in said house, the 
 school attended, if known, the factory, shop or place at which said 
 patient works or is employed. 
 
 Sec. 287. Every attending physician shall also report in writ- 
 ing to said board the name, age and address of every person who 
 •shall have died of any contagious disease within twelve hours after 
 he shall have been informed of said death, and the specific name 
 .and type of such disease. 
 
 Sec. 288. Every lodging house keeper, hotel keeper, house- 
 holder or person having charge of any public or private institution, 
 or any master of any vessel within the city of New Haven in 
 whose house, hotel, institution or vessel any person is sick with any 
 ■ of the aforesaid described diseases, unattended by a physician, shall 
 report the same to said board within twelve hours after it shall come 
 to his or her knowledge. 
 
 Sec. 289. No person shall, without a permit from said board 
 of health, carry or remove from one building to another, .or from 
 .any vessel, ship, boat or enclosure, any person sick with any of the 
 .diseases specified and described in this chapter, or any clothing or 
 other articles which have been or which may have been exposed 
 to infection; nor shall any person expose one sick with any of the 
 diseases specified and described, nor the body of such person or 
 any article in his possession, or cause or contribute to or promote 
 the spread of disease from such sick person or the body thereof. 
 
 Sec. 290. No superintendent, pricipal, or teacher of any school, 
 no parent, or guardian of any child attending school, shall know- 
 ingly permit a child sick with small-pox, scarlet fever, diphtheria, 
 membraneous croup or typhus fever, or any child residing in a house 
 in which such disease exists, to attend any school, in said city, with- 
 out the permission of the board of health of said city. 
 
 Sec. 291. No person sick with any of the diseases specified in 
 this chapter, shall come into, nor shall any person bring or cause 
 to be brought into the city of New Haven any person known to be 
 or reasonably suspected to be sick with any of said diseases, or of 
 ihaving any article of clothing .which has been exposed to infection.
 
 —253— 
 
 from any disease described in this chapter, without a permit from 
 said board of health. 
 
 Sec. 292. No person shall hinder or prevent the board of health 
 of said city from securing- the isolation of any person, sick with 
 the diseases described in this chapter, or the disinfection of any 
 premises, or articles, or clothing-, which have been exposed to in- 
 fection, or the using of proper methods and means which may be 
 proper to control the spread of such disease or diseases. 
 
 Sec. 293. There shall be no public funeral of any person dead 
 from small-pox, scarlet fever, diphtheria, membraneous croup or 
 typhus fever, without the permit of said board of health. 
 
 Sec. 294. No one shall enter a passenger car, street car, steam- 
 boat, hack, cab, stage, or other public conveyance, wearing, or hav- 
 ing in his or her possession, any clothing or other articles with 
 which said person shall have had in attendance upon any person 
 sick with small-pox. scarlet fever or typhus fever, without having 
 had the same disinfected to the satisfaction of said board of health. 
 
 Sec. 295. Any hack, cab, stage, horse car, steam car, steam- 
 boat, vessel, or other public or private conveyance, in which any 
 person is reasonably believed to have been carried, or known to 
 have been carried or transported, while suttering with small-pox, 
 scarlet fever, typhus fever or yellow fever, shall not thereafter be 
 used for the carrying of any passenger until such vehicle, car, 
 steamboat or vessel, shall have been disinfected to the satisfaction of 
 said board of health. 
 
 Sec. 296. Whenever information is received at the office of the 
 board of health, that a case of either small-pox, scarlet fever, diph- 
 theria, membraneous croup, x\siatic cholera or typhus fever exists in 
 any dwelling house or tenement in New Haven, said board shall 
 cause a public notice or placard of contagion to be officially placed 
 upon 'such dwelling house or tenement, and no person shall remove 
 said notice or placard except by order of the board through its 
 duly constituted officer. 
 
 Sec. 297. Any person violating any of the provisions of this 
 chapter shall be fined not more than $100.
 
 Sec. 
 
 
 Sec. 
 
 298. 
 
 Board of aldcnncn niaj' or- 
 der lamps to be set up. 
 
 300. 
 
 299. 
 
 Obstruction not to be placed 
 
 801. 
 
 
 within ten feet of lamp. 
 
 302. 
 
 —254— 
 
 CHAPTER XV. 
 LAMPS. 
 
 Injuring or interfering with 
 
 lamp or light. 
 Duty of person injuring lamp. 
 Penalties. 
 
 Sec. 298. The board of aldermen is hereby authorized to cause 
 to be set up such lamps in the streets and public places in said city, 
 for the purpose of lighting the same, as they may determine to be 
 convenient and necessary. 
 
 Sec. 299. No person shall place any pole, post or structure of 
 any kind within ten feet of a public light or lamp within the limits 
 of the city of New Haven which can in any way obstruct the light 
 coming from said lamp or light, or caused to be attached to such 
 lamp, or light, any rope, cable, advertisement or written or printed 
 matter. 
 
 Sec. 300. No person shall willfully, maliciously or carelessly 
 throw down, break, deface, or otherwise injure or remove any 
 lamp in any street or public place in said city, or the posts, irons, 
 glass street signs, whether the same be in the lamp or attached to 
 the post or pole or other furniture belonging to or connected with 
 the same, or shall in like manner and without proper authority 
 light any such lamp, or shall in like manner and without proper 
 authority extinguish any such lamp. This section shall apply to 
 all lamps, whether the same are commonly used or not. Lamps 
 and lamp posts may be removed only after a permit, signed by the 
 lamp inspector, has been obtained. 
 
 Sec. 301. It shall be the duty of every person injuring any 
 public lamp post, or lamp, to report within twenty-four hours there- 
 after the location and character of such injury to the lamp inspector, 
 who is hereby authorized to accept such payment as will reimburse 
 the city for the damage sustained. 
 
 Sec. 302. Any person violating any of the provisions of this 
 chapter and failing as heretofore provided to notify the lamp in- 
 spector and pay the damage sufifered by the city shall be fined not 
 less than $5.00 nor more than $100.00 for every such offense.
 
 Sec. 
 
 
 Sec. 
 
 303. 
 
 Controller to provide blanks, 
 etc., to be furnished to ap- 
 
 308. 
 
 
 plicants, etc. 
 
 309. 
 
 304. 
 
 Applications; how made. 
 
 
 305. 
 
 Applications; to whom ad- 
 
 
 
 dressed. 
 
 310. 
 
 306-307. Licenses and permits; 
 
 
 
 how issued; duty of per- 
 
 
 
 son issuing same; to be 
 
 311. 
 
 
 numbered and to contain 
 
 312. 
 
 
 conditions. 
 
 313. 
 
 —255— 
 
 CHAPTER XVI. 
 LICENSES AND PERMITS. 
 
 Record book to be kept by of- 
 ficers issuing, etc. 
 
 Not to be construed to au- 
 thorize breach of law, tres- 
 pass, etc. 
 
 No to be in force more than 
 one year, termination, 
 transfers. 
 
 Revocation. 
 
 Appeals. 
 
 Fees. 
 
 Sec. 303. The controller shall provide suitable records, forms 
 and blanks for every license and permit required by the city ordi- 
 nances, and for applications therefor. 
 
 Sec. 304. Such application shall be signed by the person to 
 whom the license or pennit is to be issued, or his authorized agent, 
 and shall specify the time or times, and place or places, for which 
 such license or permit is desired, the particular nature of the act 
 or acts to be done, and such other particulars as may be required 
 to show that such license or permit may be granted and will be 
 used in accordance with law ; and such application shall be num- 
 bered and kept on file by the officer to whom directed. 
 
 Sec. 305. Applications for licenses and permits may be addressed 
 as follows, viz : 
 
 TO THE MAYOR. 
 
 All applications not otherwise provided for. 
 
 TO THE BOARD OF ALDERMEN. 
 
 For Gunpowder. — Trade, section 609. 
 For Tanners, etc. — Nuisances, section 341. 
 For Slaughter houses. — Nuisances, section 339. 
 
 TO THE CHIEF OF POLICE. 
 
 For Billiard Tables and Bowling Alleys. — Amusements, section 15. 
 For Public Exhibitions, etc. — Amusements, section 16. 
 For Public Conveyances and Drivers. — Public Conveyances, sec- 
 tions 415. 419.
 
 —256— 
 
 Fireworks iti Streets and Squares. — Public Jl'orks, section 496. 
 For Trade Booths, etc. — Public Jl'orks, section 493. 
 For Bootblacking. — Trade, section 603. 
 
 TO TUK DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS. 
 
 For Removing Trees. — Public Works, section 536. 
 
 For Excavating in Streets. — Public JVorks, sections 469-471. 
 
 For Connecting with Sewers and Mains. — Public JJ'orks. sections 
 
 469-471. 
 For Otherwise Obstructing Streets. — Buildiugs, sections 54, 195, 
 
 197. 
 For Watering Carts. — Public Works, section 531. 
 
 TO THE FIRE MARSHAL. 
 
 For Transporting Gunpowder. — Trade, section 611. 
 
 For Keeping Kerosene, etc., for sale. — Trade, section 626. 
 
 For Gas Generator. — Fire, section 260. 
 
 For Inflammable Oils. — Trade, section 619. 
 
 TO THE BUILDING INSPECTOR. 
 
 For Restoring Building Partly Destroyed by Fire. — Buildiugs, sec- 
 tion 180. 
 
 For Erecting, Enlarging or Moving Building. — Buildiugs, sections 
 50, 202. 
 
 For Building Materials in Streets. — Buildiugs. section 54. 
 
 For Theater. — Buildiugs. section 129. 
 
 TO THE INSPECTOR OF BOILERS. 
 
 For Erecting Steam Boiler or Engine. — Steam Boilers, section 583. 
 
 TO THE BOARD OF HEALTH. 
 
 For Carting Whitefish Through Streets. — Nuisances, section 320. 
 
 For Night Soil Men. — Nuisances, section 331. 
 
 For Slaughters, etc. — Nuisances, section 339. 
 
 For Tanners, etc. — Nuisances, section 341. 
 
 For Trying Grease, etc. — Ninsances, section 342. 
 
 For Plumbers. — Plumbers, section 375. 
 
 Sec 306. If such officer is authorized to issue such licesne or 
 permit in his own discretion, he shall issue the same as aforesaid, 
 if he deems proper; but if such matter is to be first decided by 
 any board, he shall lay the application before such board, with
 
 — !:>/ — 
 
 such information im the suhjcct as lie may possess; or if he is in 
 doubt in the matter, he may lay such application before the board 
 having cojjnizance of appeal, and shall follow the direction of the 
 board in the premises. 
 
 Sec. 307. Every license or permit provided for by the city 
 ordinances shall be signed by the proper ofificer or officers author- 
 ized to issue the same, and countersigned by the collector, and the 
 fee. if any is designated therefor, paid to said collector for the 
 use of the city treasur}-, before such license or permit shall be 
 in force. It shall be the duty of the person issuing such license or 
 permit to ascertain whether said fee is paid. 
 
 Such licenses and pemiits shall be numbered and shall contain 
 a condition that every person acting under the same shall con- 
 form to the representations of the applications therefor, and to 
 the ordinances of the city, applicable to the subject matter thereof, 
 and such other terms and conditions as the particular circumstances 
 of each case shall, in the judgment of the authority issuing the 
 license or permit, require. 
 
 Sec. 308. Every officer authorized to issue licenses or permits 
 as aforesaid shall, in a record book kept by him for that purpose, 
 enter a memorandum of every license or permit issued by him. 
 wnth the number, the date, the name of the person to whom issued, 
 the purpose for which it is issued, the time when it will expire, and 
 any special condition included therein, and the amount of fee 
 charged therefor. 
 
 Sec. 309. No such license or permit shall authorize or excuse 
 any breach of law, or any trespass upon the rights of others, or 
 shall render the city liable for any damage that may be committed 
 or caused under color thereof. 
 
 Sec. 310. All licenses except those issued for a definite period 
 of less than one year shall be given to continue in force until the 
 first da}- of ^lay next succeeding the date when all such licenses 
 shall terminate. Provided, that all licenses now in existence which 
 were given for one year shall continue in force until the first day 
 of ]May next succeeding the time when said licenses would regu- 
 larly expire. 
 
 Licenses and permits for trades may be renewed to the same 
 person for the same place or places, but shall not be transferred 
 to a different person or place, except as provided in these ordi- 
 nances.
 
 —258— 
 
 Sec. 311. The officer empowered to issue any such license or 
 permit, may at any time revoke the same for any breach of the 
 terms or conditions thereof, upon g^iving to the person to whom 
 the same is issued notice of such revocation, and making a record 
 thereof ; and from the time of such notice any act done under color 
 of such license or permit shall subject the person doing or suffer- 
 ing it to be done, to the same penalty as if he had done such act 
 without such license or permit, unless such revocation is disap- 
 proved as hereinafter provided. 
 
 Sec. 312. If any person shall feel aggrieved by the neglect or 
 refusal of any of said officers to issue license or permit, or by 
 the terms or conditions therein imposed, or by any revocation of 
 such license or permit, as aforesaid, he may appeal to the board 
 having cognizance of the matter, by the city ordinances, upon 
 giving notice to such officer within one week thereafter ; and until 
 such terms, conditions, or revocations, are disapproved by such 
 board they shall be binding on the appellant ; and such board may 
 order such modification as they may deem proper, not inconsistent 
 with the city ordinances. 
 
 If no other board has supervision of the subject matter, it shall 
 be referred to the board of aldermen. 
 
 Sec. 313. The following fees shall be charged and paid for 
 licenses and permits required by the city ordinances : 
 
 Amusements, §15. Billiard Tables and Bowling Alleys 
 
 for hire, each . . . $ .50 
 
 §16. Circus, feats of horsemanship, in 
 tents or other temporary struc- 
 ture, for first day . . . 75.00 
 for each succeeding day . . 50.00 
 
 Menagerie, caravan, exhibition of 
 living animals as above, for each 
 exhibition or performance, for 
 
 first day 75.00 
 
 for each succeeding day . . 50.00 
 
 Exhibition of dexterity, gymnastics, 
 dance, minstrels, curiosities, the- 
 atrical performance, opera or con- 
 cert by professional performers 
 in Hyperion Theatre, New Ha- 
 ven Theatre, or in any other
 
 —259— 
 
 l)uilding- usually occupied by pro- 
 fessional performers, for each 
 
 day $1.00 
 
 but if the owners or lessees of any 
 of said theatres shall pay $15.00 
 on the first day of any month in 
 advance for license to play during 
 the month, said payment shall be 
 in lieu of the nightly license fee. 
 
 In any room or building continu- 
 ously and permanently occupied 
 by the same person or persons for 
 repeated exhibitions or perform- 
 ances of the same kind and by the 
 same party or parties, a monthly 
 license fee in advance of . . 5.00 
 
 Lectures unaccompanied by any of 
 the above performances — concerts 
 given by amateurs belonging in 
 said city — concerts and exhibitions 
 given by members of any institu- 
 tion of learning in said city, or by 
 any religious or charitable society 
 in said city, and exhibitions of 
 stereopticon or works of art . 00.00 
 
 For exhibitions not included above, 
 rates may be fixed by the mayor ; 
 and if any of said exhibitions are 
 of little interest or importance, or 
 the proceeds are to be entirely for 
 the benefit of any educational or 
 charitable object in said city, he 
 may reduce the fee to any amount 
 he may deem proper. 
 
 For fairs, balls or dances . . 00.00 
 
 Buildings. §43. For alteration and repair of building 1.00 
 §54. For new buildings . . $2.00 to 10.00 
 
 §202. Removing buildings . . . 1.00 
 
 §180. Restoring wooden building dam- 
 aged by fire . . . . 1.00
 
 —260— 
 
 Fire. 
 
 §260. 
 
 Food. 
 
 §267. 
 
 Nuisance 
 
 §320. 
 
 
 §329. 
 
 
 §331. 
 
 Using gas generator . . . $10.00 
 
 Dealing in milk . . . . . .^0 
 
 Carting whitefish . . . 1.00 
 
 Draining privy vault . . . 00.00 
 
 I'usiness of night soil man . . 10.00 
 
 §333. Cleaning vault out of season . . 00.00 
 
 §339. Slaughters, etc 10.00 
 
 §341. Tanneries, etc 10.00 
 
 §342. Grease, soap, etc. . . . . 10.00 
 
 Steam Boilers. §583. Erecting steam boiler or engine . . 50 
 
 Public Works. §471. Opening any street to lay gas, heat 
 
 supply or water main . . .50 
 
 §471. Opening any street to lay railroad 
 
 track . . . . . .50 
 
 Opening any street to repair gas, 
 
 heat supply or water main . .50 
 
 Opening any street to connect with 
 sewer, gas, heat supply or water 
 main . . . . . .50 
 
 Opening any street for any other 
 
 purpose . . . . .50 
 
 Opening any street or sidewalk for 
 
 constructing vault . . . 2.00 
 
 For making any opening, aperture 
 or any excavation in any sidewalk, 
 for the purpose of erectmg any 
 electric light or telegraph pole, or 
 aw ning pole or post, for any other 
 purpose except the removal of 
 trees or planting of trees, or set- 
 ting hitching posts, and except in 
 cases where ordered by the board 
 of aldermen, or a committee there- 
 of, or where a different fee is 
 provided . . . . .50 
 
 Connecting with the State, Park and 
 George street sewer, from Water 
 to Crown streets, and the sewer in 
 York and Oak streets, from 
 George street to Broad street, as 
 follows :
 
 —261— 
 
 Public Works. §341. From (IwelliTi!:^ liouses and stores, 
 
 each tenement . . . $50.00. 
 
 From hotels and pu])Hc houses . 150.00 
 
 From manufacturing- and other es- 
 tablishments, not inchuled in tlie 
 
 above 200.00 
 
 ConnectinjT;' with any other sewer or 
 main shall be included in the per- 
 mit for excavating for that pur- 
 pose 
 Business of tapping sewers, gas or 
 
 water mains . . . . 1 . 00 
 
 §202. Removing building through street . 25.00 
 
 §483. Obstructing streets for other pur- 
 poses . . . . . .25 
 
 §496. Fireworks, etc.. on pubHc streets 
 
 and squares . . . . 00.00 
 
 Public Conveyances. §§414-419. Passenger vehicles, 
 
 each 1.00 
 
 §531. Watering Carts .... 00.00 
 §419. Drivers of passenger vehicles, each . .50 
 
 §414. Baggage Wagons, each ... .50 
 
 §419. Drivers of baggage wagons, each . .50 
 
 Trucks, drays, etc. . . . .25 
 
 Drivers of trucks, drays, etc., each . .25 
 
 §421. Transfer of hcenses for vehicles and 
 
 drivers 00.00 
 
 Trade. §603. Bootblacks . . . . 00.00 
 
 §609. Business of selling gunpowder . 2.00 
 
 §611. Using gunpowder in manufacture . 1.00 
 
 §617. Selling fireworks . . . 5.00 
 
 §§619-624. Wholesale trade in petroleum, and 
 
 similar oils . . . . 1.00 
 
 §§625-629. Keeping for retail, petroleum, and 
 similar oils, in- quantity less than 
 three barrels . . . . -25
 
 —262— 
 
 CHAFTER XVII, 
 
 NUISANCES. 
 
 Sec. 
 
 314. Encroachment on streets. 
 
 315. Obstruction of streets. 
 
 316. Excavation in streets, side- 
 
 walks, etc. 
 
 317. Rope, etc., fastened to hy- 
 
 drant. 
 
 318. Obstruction in docks, etc.; 
 
 penalty. 
 
 319. Ofifal, etc., in streets. 
 
 320. Carting white fish. 
 
 321-322. Carting garbage, offal, 
 etc.; penalty. 
 
 323. Dressing of animals, animal 
 
 and vegetable substances 
 liable to putrefy. 
 
 324. Dead animals to be buried; 
 
 penalty for neglect or re- 
 fusal. 
 
 325. Fruit on sidewalks, etc.; filthy 
 
 substances in streets, etc. 
 
 326. Private drains discharging up- 
 
 on surface of street. 
 327-330. Privies and cesspools. 
 
 331. Night soil men may be li- 
 
 censed. 
 
 332. Conveyances for night soil; 
 
 board of health authorized 
 to issue permits. 
 
 333. No person to clean privy- 
 
 vault or cesspool unless li- 
 censed; time for cleaning 
 privies; clerk of board of 
 health may issue special 
 permit; when. 
 
 334. Night soil men to obey clerk 
 
 of board of health. 
 
 335. Contents of privies, where de- 
 
 posited, how covered, etc. 
 
 Sec. 
 336. 
 
 337. 
 
 338. 
 
 339. 
 
 340. 
 
 341. 
 
 342. 
 
 343. 
 344. 
 
 345. 
 
 Occupant of house, etc. ; to 
 keep yard and premises in 
 clean condition. 
 
 Stables, pens, etc., to be kept 
 in clean condition; keeping 
 of swine and cattle prohib- 
 ited. 
 
 Guano, etc., not to be kept in 
 such manner as to be offen- 
 sive. 
 
 No building or yard to be 
 used for purpose of killing 
 or dressing animals for 
 hire, markets, etc.; board of 
 aldermen may direct li- 
 cense of premises for such 
 purpose; when. 
 
 No person to kill or dress, or 
 assist in killing or dressing, 
 any animal used for food, 
 except in building licensed. 
 
 Tanneries; board of aldermen 
 may direct licenses to be 
 issued. 
 
 Soap factories, etc.; board of 
 aldermen inay direct li- 
 cense to be issued. 
 
 Manure, etc., not to be kept 
 so as to be offensive. 
 
 Drains, sinks, cesspools; how 
 constructed; abandoned 
 
 wells not to be used for. 
 
 Owners and occupants of 
 premises.-, to keep same and 
 street in front to center free 
 from violation of foregoing 
 provisions, etc.
 
 —263— 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 34(5. Board of health to prevent 350. Gunpowder, petroleum, nitro- 
 and abate foregoing nui- glycerine and other explo- 
 
 sances; to make complaint sives deemed a nuisance; 
 
 to city attorney. mayor power to remove. 
 
 347. How director of public works 351. Steam whistles; mayor may 
 
 may abate foregoing nui- prohibit blowing. 
 
 sances. 352. Hand organs; when a nui- 
 
 348. Expenses incurred; by whom sance. 
 
 paid; how collected. 353. Fire hydrant not to be opened 
 
 34!'. Gas works, etc.; when to be without authority. 
 
 deemed a nuisance; how 354. Sprinkling and watering 
 
 abated; gas and other pipes, streets. 
 
 nuisances; when; how abat- 355. Unhealthful tenement may be 
 
 ed. closed; mode of procedure. 
 
 Sec. 314. Every encroachment upon any street beyond the 
 street line, by any fence, building or step, shall be deemed a com- 
 mon nuisance. 
 
 Sec. 315. Every obstruction of any street, public square or 
 walk in said city, contrary to any provision of the ordinance con- 
 cerning public works, shall be deemed a common nuisance. 
 
 Sec. 316. Every excavation or opening in any sidewalk, street 
 or square, and every cellar-way or other descent near the line of 
 any street, likely to cause danger or inconvenience, and contrary 
 to any provision of the ordinance concerning public works, shall 
 be deemed a common nuisance. 
 
 Sec. 317. Every rope, guy, support and brace, fastened to or 
 set against any hydrant, contrary to the provisions of the ordi- 
 nance concerning fire, shall be deemed a common nuisance. 
 
 Sec. 318. Any stone, wood, timber, lumber of any kind, iron, 
 coal, goods, wares or merchandise, freight of any kind, refuse or 
 rubbish, in or upon any flat, slip, quay, dock or public landing 
 place in said city, for a period of more than two days, to the en- 
 croachment on or obstruction of, such flat, slip, quay, dock or pub- 
 lic landing place, or to the inconvenience of any person having 
 lawful occasion to use the same, shall be deemed a common nui- 
 sance. 
 
 Every person placing or leaving such incumbrance, or causing 
 or procuring the same to be left and to remain as aforesaid, shall 
 forfeit and pay a penalty of not less than one. nor more than 
 twenty-five dollars, for every day, after said two days shall have 
 expired, until said incumbrance shall have been removed.
 
 —264— 
 
 Six'. 31'). Tlic i)lacin_<;- or (k'])()siiin^- in m- on an\ street or 
 sidewalk, or the dragg^inof alonj? or across the same any olTal, filth, 
 hides or other offensively sniellin<2f suhstance. causin.^; such street 
 or sidewalk to l)e in an unclean and offensively smellint^ condition, 
 shall he deemed a nuisance. 
 
 Sec. 320. Xo person shall convey or cause to be conveyed 
 throuoh an\- street or portion of any street in said citv, anv white- 
 fish, without a written license therefor, from the board of health, 
 specifying- the street or streets through which such whitefish may 
 be conveyed, as provided in the ordinance concerning licenses 
 and permits. Any violation of this section, or of the conditions 
 and requirements of such license, shall be deemed a nuisance. 
 
 Sec. 321. No person shall convey or cause to be conve^-ed 
 through any street, or portion of any street in this city, any offal, 
 bones, grease, fat or any putrid or off'ensive matter, without a 
 license from the board of health. If any person, by himself, his 
 servant or agent, shall willfully or carelessly violate this section, he 
 shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not more than fifty dollars for 
 such offense. 
 
 Sec. 322. Any person engaged in the business of carting mate- 
 rials mentioned in the preceding section shall use a conveyance 
 acceptable to the board of health and from the first of April to 
 the first of December in each year such material shall be carted 
 in tight barrels with covers which shall be closed at all times ex- 
 cept when opened for the purpose of placing said material within 
 the barrel or removing the same. Durmg the months of May, 
 June. July, August and September said barrels shall be washerl 
 daily wath hot water. 
 
 Sec. 323. The dressing or cleaning of any fish, birds, poultry 
 or animal of any kind in or upon any public or private landing 
 place, or on any wharf or bridge, or on the margin of any basin, 
 cove, creek, brook or river, or on any railroad, street or public 
 square, or on the shore of the harbor, or on the harbor above low 
 water mark : or leaving in any such place, or any other place in said 
 citv, anv animal or vegetable substance, liable to putrefy, without 
 burying or otherwise securing the same, so that no stench, conta- 
 gion or contamination of the air can arise therefrom, shall be 
 deemed a nuisance. 
 
 Sec. 324. The owner of every animal that shall die or be found 
 dead in said city, except where such animal has been killed for
 
 —265— 
 
 focid and is fit for food, sliall cause such animal to be immediately 
 buried, at least three feet under ground, or carried beyond the 
 city limits, and shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not less than 
 five, nor more than fifty dollars for every neglect or refusal so 
 to do. 
 
 Sec. 325. Every violation of the ordinance concerning public 
 works, by throwing or leaving any fruit or pieces of fruit on any 
 sidewalk, or by throwing into or leaving in any street, gutter, gul- 
 l}-shoot or catch basin, any ashes, cinders, dead animal, animal or 
 vegetable substance, dirty water, brine, rubbish or other substance, 
 likely to render such street, gutter, gullys'hoot or catch basin un- 
 clean, or to impair its usefulness to the public, shall be deemed a 
 common nuisance. 
 
 Sec. 326. Every private sewer or drain, discharging into any 
 street, gutter, or upon the surface of any street, contrary to the 
 314th section of the ordinance concerning public works, shall be 
 deemed a common nuisance. 
 
 Sec. 327. Every lot and premises in said city in which there 
 shall be a manufactory, or a dwelling house, or any other build- 
 ing, having rooms for the occupation of tenants, shall have, in 
 connection therewith, a suitable earth closet, or suitable privy, or 
 privies, fixed to discharge into some public sewer, or into tide- 
 water, or into a suitable vault, as hereinafter provided. 
 
 Sec. 328. No privy shall hereafter be erected or suffered to 
 remain in said city, unless so constructed that the filth therefrom 
 shall be immediately passed into some public sewer, or where such 
 filth will fall into tide-water and be effectually carried off daily by 
 the tide, or having a vault sunk under the same to the depth of 
 at least six feet of the full length and width of such privy, and 
 closed up to the building on all sides. 
 
 Xo privv or cesspool shall hereafter be constructed in the city 
 of New Haven upon a lot on a street in which there is a sewer .or 
 upon a street after the same has been sewered, except such privy 
 or cesspool be connected with said sewer and provided with effi- 
 cient trap or traps and suitable means for flushing and cleaning 
 the same, to the acceptance of the board of health. 
 
 Sec. 329. Xo privy vault or cesspool shall be suffered to be at 
 any time filled within two feet of the general surface of the ground 
 around such privy or cesspool. 
 
 Xo privv vault or cesspool shall be drained into any hole or ex- 
 cavation in the earth, without a permit therefor from the board of
 
 —266— 
 
 health, hut when the same requires cleaning, the contents shall 
 he taken out and carted away as hereinafter provided. 
 
 The contents of any such vault or of any cesspool in said city, 
 shall not he removed without a permit from the board of health. 
 
 Sec. 330. Xo privy or cesspool shall be kept or suffered to re- 
 main in such a condition as to be offensive, by its scent, to the 
 neighborhood or to passengers in any street, except temporarily, 
 while being cleaned, as hereinafter provided. Whenever any privy 
 vault or cesspool situated upon a lot on a street in which there is 
 a sewer, becomes dangerous to the public health in the opinion of 
 the board of health, said board may order the same to be abol- 
 ished and the contents to be removed, and the excavation to be 
 filled with clean materials. In case the owner shall neglect or re- 
 fuse to obey such order within seven days after receiving a written 
 notice to do so, then the board of health may cause the same to be 
 done at the expense of the owner. 
 
 Sec. 331. The board of health may designate and issue li- 
 censes, in accordance with the tenns of the ordinances concerning 
 licenses and permits, to a suitable number of trustworthy persons 
 to engage in the business of removing the contents of privies and 
 cesspools. 
 
 Sec. 332. Every person engaged in said business shall keep and 
 use therein suitable conveyances for the carriage of such contents, 
 with water-tight tanks or boxes, and close-fitting lids or covers, 
 and shall at all times keep conspicuously on all such conveyances, 
 in large letters and figures, the words "Night Soil," and the num- 
 ber of his license, all of which shall first be examined and approved 
 by the clerk of the board of health, and certified by him on the 
 license, but the board of health is authorized and empowered to 
 issue a permit to any duly licensed person or persons to remove the 
 contents of any privy vault or cesspool, at any season of the year, 
 and at all hours of the day ; provided, that such removal be effected 
 by the use of odorless excavating apparatus. 
 
 Sec. 333. No person shall remove the contents of any privy 
 vault or cesspool unless duly licensed as aforesaid, nor unless in a 
 conveyance approved as aforesaid. 
 
 No privy vault or cesspool shall be cleaned, nor shall the con- 
 tents thereof be carted through any street of said city, except be- 
 tween the first day of December and the 15th day of March then 
 next succeeding, and between the hours of ten and four o'clock.
 
 —267— 
 
 in the night season, except as aforesaid ; provided, however, if it 
 shall be necessary in the construction or alteration of any build- 
 ing, or in order to abate a nuisance, to remove the contents of any 
 vault at any other time, the clerk of the board of health may 
 issue a special permit therefor, prescribing the time and manner 
 of such removal, as provided in the ordinance concerning licenses 
 and permits. 
 
 Sec. 334. It shall be the duty of every person licensed as a 
 night soil man, as aforesaid, to obey the orders of the clerk of 
 the board of health in removing the contents of any vault, 
 deemed to be a nuisance, and to leave 'the premises about such 
 vault in a clean condition. 
 
 Sec. ZZS. No person shall deposit the contents of any vault 
 in any highway or public grounds in said city, nor shall any per- 
 son deposit the contents of such vault in any other place in said 
 city, without covering the same with earth, and mixing there- 
 with a sufficient quantity of deodorizing substance to destroy the 
 effluvia therefrom. 
 
 Sec. 336. Eveiy occupant of any house, building or tenement 
 in said city shall keep the same, and the yard or premises con- 
 nected therewith, in a clean condition, and free from filth and 
 substances likely to infect the air of the neighborhood, and shall 
 collect in one place in such yard or premises all the house dirt or 
 offal, and when the same shall become offensive, as aforesaid, shall 
 cause the same to be removed. 
 
 Any landlord, or agent of the landlord, having general charge 
 of such premises, shall cause the same to conform to this ordi- 
 nance, within three days after receiving notice to that effect from 
 the board of health. 
 
 Sec. ZZ7. No cattle or swine shall be kept within the limits of 
 the city, without the licenses from the board of health, which 
 board shall have power to grant licenses to suitable persons to 
 keep cattle or swine in suitable places, provided that no licenses 
 shall be granted to keep swine within 150 feet of the residence 
 of any person other than the one to whom such license is granted. 
 
 Sec. 338. No person shall keep any guano or other fertilizing- 
 substance, in said city, for any purpose whatever, in such a man- 
 ner as directly or indirectly to become offensive, by the effluvia 
 arising therefrom, to any person residing in the neighborhood or 
 passing in the street.
 
 —268— 
 
 Sec. 339. Xo building or yard shall be used for the purpose 
 of killing or dressing therein any animal or animals for hire or 
 sale except on license to be issued by the board of aldermen after 
 proper nispection and under sucli restrictions and regulations as 
 the board of health may prescribe. 
 
 Sec. 340. Xo person shall hereafter kill or dress, or assist in 
 killing or dressing in said city, any animal usually intended for 
 food, except in a building duly licensed, as provided in the next 
 preceding section, or upon the premises occupied by the family 
 for whose private use such animal is intended. 
 
 Sec. 341. Xo building, tan vat, yard or premises shall be used 
 for the purpose of tanning or dressing leather or skins, or for any 
 part of such process except on license issued by the board of 
 health after proper inspection and under such restrictions and 
 regulations as said board may prescribe. 
 
 Sec. 342. X'^o building or premises shall be used for the busi- 
 ness of trying or rectifying lard, tallow, or any grease, or for the 
 business of manufacturing soap or for storing undressed skins, ex- 
 cept on license to be issued by the board of health after proper 
 inspection and under such restrictions and regulations as said board 
 may prescribe. 
 
 Sec. 343. Xo person shall place, leave or suffer to remain upon 
 any premises in said city, any manure or fertilizing or refuse mat- 
 ter, in such manner or condition as to be offensive to those resid- 
 ing in the neighborhood or passing in the street, by odors arising 
 therefrom. 
 
 Sec. 344. Every drain, sink and cesspool in said city shall be 
 so constructed and maintained, that the same shall not injure the 
 water of any well or become offensive by its smell, to the public. 
 
 Xo person shall use an abandoned well for a cesspool or privy 
 vault. 
 
 Sec. 345. It shall be the duty of every owner of any premises 
 in said city, and of the agent of such owner, having charge of such 
 premises, and of every occupant of such premises, to keep and 
 maintain the same and the street in front to its center, free from 
 any violation of the foregoing provisions of this ordinance. 
 
 Every person violatmg any of the provisions of this chapter, or 
 aiding in, or causing or procuring, any such violation, or know- 
 ingly suffering or permitting such violation, in or upon any prem- 
 ises belonging to him or occupied by him, or in the street adjacent
 
 —269— 
 
 thereto, as aforesaid, or with property belonging- to him. shall be 
 •deemed guilty of committing and maintaining a nuisance, and for 
 every such violation shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not less 
 than one. nor more than one hundred dollars, or such penalty as. 
 may be otherwise provided for the specific act by these ordinances. 
 
 Sec. 346. The board of health shall be charged with the duty 
 of preventing, examining and abating such of the foregoing nui- 
 sances in said city as are prejudicial to health, and in the discharge 
 of said duty, they shall have power, at all reasonable times with 
 necessary assistance, to enter any premises in said citv. 
 
 They shall make complaint to tlie city a'ttomey of any violation 
 of the foregoing provisions coming within their province. 
 
 Sec. 347. Whenever the director of public works shall have 
 written notice from the chief of police of the existence of any of 
 said nuisances in said city, if the same be in any public street, 
 square or grounds, or in any place designated in section 318 of 
 these ordinances, he shall cause the same to be abated or removed 
 at once. 
 
 Sec. 348. The expenses incurred by said director of public 
 works, or board of health, in abating or removing any of said 
 nuisances shall be paid by the cit}'. Such expenses shall be a 
 charge against every person causing or procuring such nuisances 
 to exist, and against every person suffering or permitting sucii 
 nuisances to be done or to exist on any premises owned by him or 
 under his charge, and may be recovered in behalf of said city, of 
 such persons or any of them, jointly or severally, in any proper 
 form of action. 
 
 It shall be the duty of the director of public works or clerk of 
 the board of health forthwith to notify the corporation counsel, 
 of any such expense, and the names of the persons chargeable 
 therefor, and it shall be the duty of said counsel to proceed to 
 collect the same. 
 
 Sec. 349. Any gas works or gas reservoir, now or hereafter 
 erected in said city, which shall corrupt the water or pollute the 
 air, so as to become offensive or injurious to any person residing 
 in the vicinity thereof, or suffered to drain into any of the waters 
 of said city, so as to corrupt the same, shall be deemed a common 
 nuisance. The board of health of said city may order such alter- 
 ations and precautions as they shall deem necessary to abate and 
 prevent such nuisance, and any person or corporation using such
 
 —270— 
 
 works or reservoir, and neglecting or refusing to conform to such 
 order, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of one hundred dollars for 
 every day of such neglect or refusal. 
 
 Any gas or other pipe, in any street of said city, in a leaky con- 
 dition so as to contaminate the air or injure or endanger any tree 
 in any street or public square, shall be deemed a nuisance, and the 
 board of health, in case of contamination of air, and the director 
 of public works, in the case of injury to trees, may make an order 
 on the person or corporation using the same, to abate or prevent 
 such nuisance, and any disobedience of such order sliall be pun- 
 ishable as aforesaid. 
 
 Sec. 350. Every parcel of gunpowder, or petroleum oil or oil 
 of similar dangerous character, or nitro-glycerine, had or kept in 
 said city contrary to the ordinance concerning trade, shall be 
 deemed a common nuisance. The mayor shall have power to 
 summarily remove such nuisance or otherwise abate the same. 
 
 Sec. 351. The mayor may, upon the complaint of any person 
 residing within three hundred feet of the place where any steam 
 whistle is blown, prohibit the blowing of any such whistle at or 
 near such place, for such time, and under such conditions as he 
 may prescribe. 
 
 Every violation of such prohibition shall be deemed a common 
 nuisance, and the person, persons or corporation, causing, suffer- 
 ing or permitting any such violation, shall forfeit and pay a pen- 
 alty of twenty-five dollars for every such offense. 
 
 Sec. 352. Every hand-organ played more than thirty minutes 
 in any one day, in any part of a public street between the same 
 two cross streets, or more than fifteen minutes in front of the 
 same premises, shall be deemed a common nuisance, and the per- 
 son or persons playing the same shall forfeit and pay a penalty not 
 exceeding five dollars for every such offense. 
 
 Sec. 353. Every person who shall open any public fire hydrant, 
 except under authority of the fire department of said city, or 
 under authority of some proper officer of said city, and every per- 
 son who shall willfully and maliciously leave the water of any 
 public hydrant running to waste, and every person who shall will- 
 fully and maliciously leave the water of any hydrant or pipe run- 
 ning in any public building or to the damage of others in any 
 tenement building, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of five dollars 
 for everv such offense.
 
 —271— 
 
 Sec. 354. Every person sprinklinp^ or watering any street, 
 gutter, sidewalk, or part of a building, shall avoid sprinkling or 
 wetting passengers, or vehicles in the street. 
 
 Every person willfully or carelessly violating this section shall 
 forfeit and pay a penalty of five dollars for every such offense, and 
 the person or persons in whose employ such act was done shall 
 forfeit and pay a like penalty. 
 
 Sec. 355. The board of health, when satisfied upon due ex- 
 amination, that a cellar, room, tenement or building in this city 
 occupied as a dwelling place has become by reason of the number 
 of occupants, want of cleanliness or other cause, unfit for such 
 purpose and a cause of nuisance or sickness to the occupants or 
 to the public, shall issue a notice in writing to the owner, or his 
 agent, and occupants, requiring the premises to be put in proper 
 condition, or if said board see fit, requiring the occupants to quit 
 possession within such time as said board may deem reasonable. 
 
 If the persons so notified or any of them neglect or refuse to 
 comply with the terms of said notice, said board may cause the 
 premises to be properly cleaned at the expense of the owner, or 
 may remove the occupants forcibly and close the premises, and 
 the same shall not again be occupied as a dwelling place without 
 the consent of said board of health. If the owner thereafter occu- 
 pies or knowingly permits the same to be occupied without such 
 permission in writing from said board, he shall forfeit not less than 
 fiftv, nor more than one hundred dollars.
 
 272 
 
 CHAPTER XVIII. 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 356-358. Corporation counsel, du- 362. Inspector of gas and water 
 ties of. meters; how appointed; 
 
 359. Traveling and other necessary duties and fees. 
 
 expenses allowed, in addi- 363. Inspector of lamps; duties of 
 tion to salary. and salary. 
 
 360. Of¥icer incurring expense in 364. Mayor, etc., may offer reward 
 
 behalf of the city to notify in certain cases, 
 
 corporation counsel; when. 365. Special constables to provide 
 
 361. Weighers, measurers, etc., how themselves with badges, etc. 
 
 appointed; duties, etc. 366. Shall wear the same when on 
 
 duty. 
 367. Public office hours. 
 
 Sec. 356. It shall be the duty of the corporation counsel to 
 draft all bonds, deeds, obligations, contracts, conveyances and 
 agreements, or other legal instruments of whatever nature, which 
 may be required of him by any ordinance or order of the board 
 of aldermen, or which may be requisite to be done and made by 
 said cit}^ and any person or corporation contracting with the same 
 in its corporate capacity, and which by law, usage or agreement 
 said city is to be at the expense of drawing. 
 
 Sec. 357. It shall be the duty of said corporation counsel to 
 commence and prosecute all actions and suits to be commenced in 
 behalf of said city before any tribunal in this state, whether in 
 law or equity, and also to appear in, defend, and advocate the rights 
 and interests of the city, or any of the officers of the city, in any 
 suit or prosecution for any act or omission in the discharge of 
 their official duties, wherein any estate, right, privilege, ordinance 
 or act of the city government may be brought in question ; pro- 
 lided, that nothing herein contained shall be construed to change 
 or abridge in any manner the duties of the city attorney, as the 
 same are now defined and prescribed by law. Said corporation 
 counsel shall keep a docket of all causes to which said city may 
 be a party, and shall deliver the same, with all papers in his pos- 
 session pertaining to his office, to his successor.
 
 —273— 
 
 Sec. 358. It shall be the duty of said corporation counsel to 
 appear before the general assembly of this state, or any com- 
 mittee thereof, whether of either or both branches of the same, 
 and there, in behalf of the city, represent, answer for, defend and 
 advocate the interests and welfare of said city, whenever the same 
 may be directly or indirectly affected. He shall notify the mayor 
 of said city, in writing, of any measure pending before said assem- 
 bly for any chartered privileges likely to intefere with the 
 rights, powers or duties of said city, and take such action in regard 
 to the same as he may be advised by the mayor or board of 
 aldermen. 
 
 Sec. 359. In addition to the salary allowed by law, whenever 
 the attendance of the corporation counsel may be required, on 
 official business, out of the city, his reasonable traveling expenses 
 shall be allowed him, and he shall be allowed such other necessary 
 expenses as may be incurred by him in the proper discharge of the 
 duties of said office. 
 
 Sec. 360. It shall be the duty of the officer incurring any ex- 
 pense in behalf of the city, for which any person or corporation is 
 liable to the city, forthwith to notify the corporation counsel, in 
 writing, and to see that the proper certificate of lien is recorded, 
 if the case admits of such lien. 
 
 Sec. 361. Said board of aldermen may appoint such number 
 of weighers, measurers, surveyors and inspectors of different kinds 
 of produce and merchandise, impounders and pound keepers, as 
 they shall deem proper ; and the duties and fees of every such officer 
 shall be the the same mutatis mutandis, as the duties and fees pre- 
 scribed by the statutes of this state for like officers, appointed by 
 authority of the town of New Haven. 
 
 Sec. 362. Said board of aldermen may appoint one or more 
 inspectors of gas meters and water iiieters, who shall have author- 
 ity to inspect and test any gas meter or water meter in use in 
 said city, and certify in regard to its good order, upon the appli- 
 cation of the person or persons using the gas or water measured 
 thereby, notice of such application having been left at the office 
 of the proper gas or water company, at least forty-eight hours 
 beforehand. And said court may prescribe the fees which said 
 inspector may charge the person employing him for such in- 
 spection.
 
 —274— 
 
 Sec. 363. It shall be the duty of the inspector of lamps to 
 care for and supervise all the public lamps in the city of New 
 Haven, cause the same to be located and removed, as the board of 
 aldermen may order, and perform the duties of clerk of the 
 standing- committee on lamps and street lighting of the 1)oard 
 of aldermen. Said inspector of lamps shall receive for services 
 and expenses in the discharge of his duties the sum of twelve 
 hundred dollars per annum, and while holding said ofifice shall 
 be engaged in no other business. 
 
 Sec. 364. Whenever any great crime or misdemeanor, or ila- 
 grant breach of the city ordinances is anticipated or has been 
 committed in said city, and the offender has escaped or is un- 
 known, the mayor, with the advice and consent of the board of 
 aldermen, may, in the name and behalf of said city, publicly offer 
 a reward not exceeding five hundred dollars for the detection, 
 arrest, or conviction of the offender. 
 
 Sec. 365. Every special constable shall, at his own expense, 
 provide himself with a metal badge, silver plated or nickel plated, 
 in the form of a shield, not less than two inches long at the 
 longest part, nor less than one inch and a half wide at the narrow- 
 est part, and lettered thus, in capital letters : 
 
 SPECIAL 
 CONSTABLE 
 NEW HAVEN 
 
 Sec. 366. Every special constable shall wear said badge affixed 
 to some conspicuous place upon his outer clotliing whenever exe- 
 cuting the duties of his office, and for any neglect so to do shall 
 forfeit and pay a penalty not exceeding five dollars, at the discre- 
 tion of the court. 
 
 Sec. 367. All city officials, except the treasurer, and except 
 where it is otherwise provided, shall keep their respective offices 
 open for the convenience of the public for not less than seven 
 consecutive hours, beginning- at 9 o'clock a. m., on every week day, 
 except public holidays, and on Saturdays said offices shall be 
 closed at 1 o'clock p. m., unless the head of the department shall 
 find it necessary to keep his department or office open later. The 
 office of the treasurer shall be open from 2.30 to 3.30 p. m., every 
 day except Saturday and public holidays, and on Saturdays from 
 11 to 12 o'clock noon.
 
 — 2/0 — 
 
 CHAPTER XIX. 
 ORDINANCES. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 368. Ordinances ; general penalty 372. Repeal of ordinances not to 
 
 for their violation. take effect until published 
 
 369. Breach of ordinance; penalty; in newspapers. 
 
 how enforced by city attor- 378. Ordinances ; how arranged and 
 ney. numbered. 
 
 370. Payment of penalty not a bar 374. City clerk to send copy of 
 
 to prosecution for subse- new ordinances to city at- 
 
 quent breach. torney, etc. 
 
 371. Ordinances not to be con- 
 
 strued to render city liable, 
 except in certain cases. 
 
 Sec. 368. Every person who shall violate any provision of any 
 ordinance of said city, now or hereafter in force, for which no 
 specific penalty is or shall be otherwise provided, shall forfeit and 
 pay a penalty not exceeding one hundred dollars for every such 
 violation, according- to the nature and aggravation of the offense. 
 
 Sec. 369. The city attorney of said city may sue for, in any 
 proper form of action, collect and receive, in behalf of said city, 
 the penalty incurred by the breach of any ordinance of said city, 
 or he may enforce the payment of such penalty by complaint and 
 process to the city court as in criminal cases. 
 
 Sec. 370. No payment of any penalty, as aforesaid, shall be a 
 bar to any suit or prosecution for a subsequent breach of the 
 same ordinance, or for a continuance of the same breach ; nor re- 
 lieve any person from liability to pay any expenses incurred by any 
 officer of said city ; nor from liability to pay any damages conse- 
 quent upon such breach, to the city or any person. 
 
 No payment of expenses incurred, and no revocation of license, 
 or removal from office, shall excuse any person from liability to 
 the penalty prescribed for the breach of any ordinance. 
 
 Sec. 371. No ordinance of said city shall be construed to ren- 
 der said city liable to any person or corporation for any breach of 
 such ordinance, or for any injury to person or property any
 
 —276— 
 
 further than such liabihty is expressly provided in such ordinance, 
 or in the statutes of this state. 
 
 Sec. 372. No repeal of the whole or part of any ordinance of 
 said city shall take effect until published in the daily newspapers, 
 as prescribed for new ordinances, nor until one week after its 
 passage. 
 
 Sec. Z7Z. The ordinances of said city shall be entitled and 
 alphabetically arrang"ed, as nearly as practicable, according to the 
 subject matter; and the sections of ordinances passed, in addition 
 to. or in alteration of, any ordinance, shall be numbered continu- 
 ously with the sections of such ordinance, unless the whole ordi- 
 nance is revised and re-numbered. 
 
 Sec. 374. It shall be the duty of the city clerk, immediately 
 upon the taking effect of any ordinance adopted by the board of 
 aldermen, to prepare and distribute as called for, copies of such 
 new ordinances, which copies shall be in such form that they can 
 be inserted in the published book of charter and ordinances. The 
 said clerk shall send a copy of each new ordinance to each depart- 
 ment of the city government. Ten copies of the charter and ordi- 
 nances which are last published shall be interleaved and preserved 
 by the city clerk for future revisions. 
 
 He shall keep a record of all officers elected and of all appoint- 
 ments made by the board of aldermen or any of the departments 
 of the city government.
 
 —277- 
 
 CHAPTER XX. 
 
 PLUMBING. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 375. Board of health to license 387. 
 
 plumbers. 
 
 376. License must be obtained be- 388. 
 
 fore business may be car- 
 ried on. 389. 
 
 377. Inspector of plumbing; com- 
 
 pensation and duties of. 
 378-379. Regulations concerning 390. 
 water closets. 
 
 380. Regulations concerning soil 391. 
 
 and drain pipes under 
 ground. 
 
 381. Regulations concerning soil 392. 
 
 and drain pipes above 
 ground. 393. 
 
 382. Branches of soil and waste 
 
 pipes to be carried above 394. 
 roofs. 395. 
 
 383. Drains must have traps; how 396. 
 
 constructed. 
 
 384. Regulations concerning rain 397. 
 
 water leaders. 
 
 385. Regulations concerning soil 398. 
 
 pipes, ventilators and chim- 
 ney flues. 399. 
 
 386. Regulations concerning joints 
 
 and connections. 
 
 Traps and air pipes; regula- 
 tions concerning. 
 
 Waste pipes from refrigera- 
 tors to have separate pipe. 
 
 Pipes and other fixtures not 
 to be covered until inspect- 
 ed. 
 
 Regulations concerning con- 
 nections with water mains. 
 
 Steam, exhaust pipes, etc., 
 must not connect with sew- 
 er or house drain. 
 
 Grease traps must be placed; 
 when. 
 
 How privy vaults shall be 
 connected. 
 
 Durham system may be used. 
 
 How plumbing shall be tested. 
 
 Material must be good and 
 work thorough. 
 
 What persons may obtain li- 
 cense to lay drain pipes. 
 
 License may be revoked; fee 
 for license. 
 
 Penalty. 
 
 Sec. 375. The board of health may license proper persons to 
 carry on the business of plumbing, after they have first obtained a 
 license from the director of public works. 
 
 Sec. Z76. No person shall carry on the business of plumbing, 
 or do any plumbing work, in the city of New Haven, unless he 
 shall have first passed a satisfactory examination by the board of 
 health and received from them a license and registered his name 
 and place of business in the office of the board of health ; and
 
 —278— 
 
 notice of any change in the place of business of a registered 
 pkuiiber shall be immediately given to said board. 
 
 Sec. yjl . The board of health shall appoint one or more in- 
 spectors of pluml)ing, who shall be practical jilumbers, and who 
 shall not, while holding office, be interested directly or indirectly 
 in the business of plumbing or the furnishing of plumbing mate- 
 rials or supplies. The inspector or inspectors so appointed shall 
 hold office until removed by said board of health for caUse, which 
 must be shown. The compensation for such inspector or inspect- 
 ors shall be determined by said board of health and be paid out 
 of the city treasury. The inspector or inspectors so appointed 
 shall inspect all plumbing work in the city of New Haven, in pro- 
 cess of construction, alteration or repairs, and shall report to the 
 proper authorities any violation of any law or ordinance of said 
 city, relating thereto, and perform such other duties appertaining 
 to the office as said board shall require. 
 
 Sec. 378. Every building in which plumbing arrangements are 
 to be placed, shall be supplied with a water-closet for every fifteen 
 persons, conveniently located and constantly supplied with water. 
 All water-closets put in after the passage of these ordinances 
 must be supplied with water from a special tank or cistern, not 
 used for any other purpose, unless permission has first been ob- 
 tained from said board of health to use other fixtures. They 
 shall in all cases be connected directly with the general or common 
 drain-pipe of the house. The use of pan-closets is hereby pro- 
 hibited. 
 
 Sec. 379. When a water-closet is located ten or more feet from 
 the soil or drain-pipe, the trap must be protected from siphonage 
 by a special air pipe of not less than two inch bore. The common 
 drain-pipe shall be separately and independently connected with 
 the public sewer, wherever such sewer is provided, and if there is 
 no such sewer, with a properly constructed cesspool of a capacity 
 approved by said board. 
 
 When the water-closet is located in the cellar or basement, the 
 trap must be protected from back air or siphonage by a special 
 air pipe of not less than two inch bore and shall be carried up and 
 out through the roof to a distance of not less than two feet above 
 the roof, or more, if said board of health shall direct, or it may 
 be connected with the soil-pipe above the highest fixture.
 
 —279— 
 
 From all water-closets above the cellar or basement, the soil- 
 pipe shall be carried up and out through the roof, undiminished 
 in size, to a distance of not less than two feet above the roof, or 
 more, if the said board of health shall direct. 
 
 Every water-closet shall be provided with a local vent ; vents 
 on all closets above the first closet, that enter main line, shall 
 be twelve inches above closet, and shall be made of copper, cast- 
 iron or galvanized iron. The diameter of this vent shall be : For 
 one closet, not less than two inches ; for two and not more than 
 four closets, not less than three inches ; and for any number ex- 
 ceeding four, such increased diameter as said board shall direct. 
 They shall be carried upward and into a heated flue, provided for 
 the purpose, or into the kitchen chimney, or in such other manner 
 as said board, or plumbing inspector, shall direct. 
 
 Sec. 380. Where it is necessary to lay soil or drain pipe under 
 the ground, when within the building said pipe shall not be less 
 than four inches internal diameter, and it shall be of a quality 
 known as extra heavy cast-iron pipe or vitrified clay pipe. The 
 pipe passing through the walls of the building, and to a distance 
 outwardly of at least five feet from the inside face of foundation 
 walls, shall also be of extra heavy cast-iron pipe. All cast-iron pipe 
 must be sound and free from holes and other defects, of a uniform 
 thickness, and of not less than the weights specified below for the 
 corresponding diameters, and before use shall be thoroughly 
 coated inside and out with coal-tar or an equivalent substance. 
 
 INTERNAL DIAMETER. 
 
 Ordinary Cast-iron Pipe. Extra Heavy Cast-iron Pipe. 
 
 2 inches, SjA lbs. per foot. 2 inches. 5^ lbs. per foot. 
 
 3 inches, 4>-S lbs. per foot. 3 inches, 9^ lbs. per foot. 
 
 4 inches, 6^ lbs. per foot. 4 inches, 13 lbs. per foot. 
 
 5 inches, 8 lbs. per foo-t. 5 inches, 17 lbs. per foot. 
 
 6 inches, 10 lbs. per foot. 6 inches, 20 lbs. per foot. 
 
 When earthenware pipe is used inside of any building, it shall 
 be made of the best hard burned vitrified clay and shall not be 
 less than four inches in internal diameter; and all such pipes, 
 with thejr fittings, must be sound, free from flaws, splits or cracks, 
 laid on solid bottom vv'ith a groove for each hub, in order to give 
 the pipe a solid bearing throughout its entire length, and with a
 
 —280— 
 
 ^rade of not less than one-quarter inch to the foot. The space 
 between the hub and pipe must be filled with the best Portland 
 cement ami clean, sharp sand, thoroughly mixed, dry, and water 
 enough afterwards added to give it proper consistency, before 
 applying between the hub and pipe. All joints must be carefully 
 wiped out on inside of pipe, and all pipes must be laid as direct as 
 possible, and all changes in direction nuist be made with curved 
 pipes and all connections with Y branches and with one eighth or 
 one-quarter bends ; the main line must have a trap placed next 
 inside the cellar wall with four-inch fresh air inlet just inside the 
 water seal of trap, with a brass clean-out screw. This pipe shall 
 be subject to the same test and rules as provided in section 395 of 
 these ordinances ; and all pipes must be tested to grade surface. No 
 tile drain pipe shall be laid within five feet of the outside foun- 
 dation wall of any building. 
 
 Sec. 381. Drain and soil pipes, above the ground, througlr 
 which water and sewerage are carried shall be of sound iron, wheiT 
 within a building, and at least four inches in diameter ; they shall 
 be laid in trenches with uniform grade, or securely ironed to walls, 
 or suspended to floor timbers by strong iron hangers (the space 
 between which shall not exceed ten feet), or otherwise, as the said 
 board of health shall direct. They shall have a fall toward the 
 drain or sewer and soil pipes, shall be carried out through the 
 roof, open and undiminished in size, to a distance of not less than 
 two feet above the roof, or more, if said board shall direct. 
 Changes in direction shall be made with curved bends, and all 
 connections with pipes shall be made with Y branches. 
 
 Sec. 382. All branches of soil or v^aste pipe twelve feet or more 
 in length, shall extend undiminished in size two feet above the 
 roof, and not less than five feet above the top of any window 
 situated within fifteen feet; but waste pipes may be connected 
 with soil pipes above the highest fixtures. When two or more 
 fixtures, such as sinks, bowls or baths, are used on one line, the 
 waste pipe must be of iron and not less than two inches in diam- 
 eter. All pipes must be at least two inches in diameter where 
 they pass through the roof. 
 
 Sec. 383. There shall be a house trap on every drain at a point 
 where it enters the building, which shall be furnished with a brass 
 clean-out. There must also be provided an inlet at least four 
 inches in diameter for fresh air to enter the drain on the house
 
 —281— 
 
 side of the trap. This inlet shall be carried to the outer air open- 
 ing at such distance from the nearest window as will be satisfac- 
 tory to said board of health, or plumbing inspector, and at a point 
 where it cannot contaminate the air supplied by the cold air box. 
 
 No cold air box for a furnace, steam or hot water heater, shall 
 be so placed that it can draw air from any inlet pipe. 
 
 Sec. 384. Rain water leaders must never be used as soil, waste 
 or vent pipes, nor shall any soil, waste or vent pipe be used as a 
 leader. When the leaders are connected with the sewer they shall 
 be separately trapped. 
 
 Sec. 385. Sewer soil pipes and waste pipe ventilators shall not 
 be constructed of brick, sheet metal or earthenware, and chimney 
 flues shall not be used as such ventilators. 
 
 Sec. 386. Joints shall be packed with oakum and run with 
 molten lead, made tight and thoroughly caulked; and connections 
 between soil pipes and water-closets must be made with brass or 
 lead connections ; and connections between lead and iron pipes 
 shall be made with heavy brass ferrules properly soldered and 
 caulked to the iron, and lead pipes must be attached to the fer- 
 rules by wiped joints. 
 
 Sec. 387. Every sink, basin, bath tub, water-closet, slop-hop- 
 per, and every fixture having a waste pipe shall be furnished with 
 a trap. No waste pipes or traps from sinks or wash trays shall be 
 less than one and one half inches in diameter, and shall not con- 
 nect with the bend of water-closets. Sanitas traps may be used 
 by permission of said board ; when traps of other make are used 
 they shall be protected from siphonage or air pressure by special 
 air pipes of a size not less than the waste pipe, but air pipes for 
 water-closet traps shall be of not less than two-inch bore, and must 
 be connected to bend or trap under floor of water-closet. Air 
 pipes shall be run as directly as practicable, and all branch air 
 pipes from traps shall enter above the fixtures and shall be of not 
 less than two-inch bore where they pass through the roof. Two 
 or more air pipes may be connected together or with a soil pipe, 
 but in every case of connection with a soil pipe, such connection 
 shall be above the upper fixtures of the building. All back air 
 vent pipes shall be of cast-iron or galvanized wrought iron. Na 
 air pipe shall be less than one and a quarter inch in diameter, and 
 not more than twenty feet shall be run on any one line, over twenty
 
 —282— 
 
 feet, one and a half inch in diameter, or more, as said board of 
 health may direct. 
 
 Sec. v388. Waste pipes from rcfri,c:crators or other receptacles 
 in which provisions are stored, shall not be connected with a drain, 
 soil pipe or other waste pipe, but shall have a separate pipe, prop- 
 erly trapped, and dischart^e into an open sink ; and in every case 
 there shall be an open trap (~)r sink between the tra]) and the re- 
 frigerator. 
 
 Sec. 389. Pipes and other fixtures shall not be covered or con- 
 cealed from view until the work has been carefully examined by 
 the plumbing- inspector ; and it shall be the duty of the plumber 
 in charge of the work to notify the board of health when the 
 work is ready for inspection. When necessarily placed within 
 partition walls, soil and waste pipes may be covered with wood- 
 work so fastened with screws as to be easily removed. Notice 
 shall be given by the plumber in charge of any plumbing work to 
 said board of health w^hen such work is completed and ready for 
 final inspection, and it shall then be the duty of the plumbing in- 
 spector to examine the same and, if found satisfactory, to approve 
 it. 
 
 Sec. 390. All connections with water mains from the street 
 main to the curb line shall be made \vith lead pipe, known as AA 
 not less than one-half inch in diameter, or galvanized pipe, not 
 less than one and one-quarter inches in bore, inside measurement. 
 
 Sec. 391. No steam, exhaust or drip pipe, or any overflow 
 pipe from an expansion tank, shall connect with the sewer or with 
 any house drain, soil or waste pipe ; but blow-ofif pipes may 
 discharge into a suitable tank or condenser, from which an outlet 
 to the house drain must be provided. 
 
 Sec. 392. Suitable grease traps must be placed under the sinks 
 of every hotel, restaurant, eating-house or other public place where 
 cooking is done. 
 
 Sec. 393. Privy vaults shall not be connected with the sewer; 
 but self-acting valves and hopper-closets, with open plumbing 
 work, when located in a back yard away from the building, shall 
 be arranged so that their contents will discharge directly into the 
 sewer pipe. They shall receive their water directly from the 
 street or house. water mains; but they must be so arranged as to be 
 thoroughly flushed, with a valve approved by the mspector, and 
 protected from freezing, to the satisfaction of said board of health.
 
 —283— 
 
 Sec. 394. The Durham system of pkimbinq; may be used by 
 permission from said board of health. 
 
 Sec. 395. All plumbing must be tested with the water test, 
 when the weather will permit, otherwise by air pressure of not less 
 than five pounds pressure, by the plumber in charge of the work, 
 in the presence of the plumbing inspector. All defects must be 
 remedied before said work shall be approved. 
 
 Sec. 396. All materials must be of good quality, and the work 
 must be done in a thorough and workmanlike manner. 
 
 Sec. 397. All persons having a license ,from the department of 
 public works to make sewer connections may obtain from said 
 board of health a license to lay tile drain pipes in buildings under 
 ground, upon complying with the provisions of section 398 of these 
 ordinances. 
 
 Sec. 398. Every license granted under the provisions of these 
 ordinances, by said board of health, may be revoked at the pleas- 
 ure of said board. For every license granted under the provisions 
 of these ordinances there shall be paid to said board of health for 
 the use of said city, the sum of one dollar ; every license shall ex- 
 pire on the first Monday in Alay. 
 
 Sec. 399. Any person violating any of the provisions of this 
 chapter shall be fined not less than $20, nor more than $50 for 
 every such offense.
 
 —28 
 
 CHAPTER XXL 
 
 . POLICE. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 400. Board to inform itself as to 400. Property coming into hands of 
 
 efficiency of force ; may ap- police ; chief to keep record 
 
 prove bill for unusual injury, of, etc. 
 
 etc. ; consultations in certain 407. Ordinance book. 
 
 cases to be strictly confiden- 408-409. Duties of police force when 
 
 tial. snow is not removed from 
 
 401. Meetings of board; shall audit sidewalk, etc. 
 
 bills monthly. 410. Penalty for fraudulently per- 
 
 402. Members of force to give sonating policeman or special 
 
 bonds, etc. constable; resisting officer, 
 
 403. Duties of members of police etc. ; sundry provisions. 
 
 force. 411. Penalty for giving information 
 
 404. What shall be deemed sufficient with intent to prevent the de- 
 
 cause for removal. tection or arrest of any 
 
 405. Incidental expenses of police guilty or suspected person. 
 
 force, etc. ; chief to keep ac- 412. Special constable may be re- 
 count of, etc. moved ; causes for removal. 
 
 Sec. 400. It shall be the duty of the board of police commis- 
 sioners to inform themselves of the fidelity and efifciency of every 
 member of the force ; to report to the board, in session, any in- 
 formation they may receive regarding the conduct of any officer, 
 together with the names of their informants, and to encourage and 
 sustain every police officer in the faithful discharge of his duty. 
 
 And they may, after due inquiry, approve a bill against the city 
 to reimburse any police officer, in whole or in part, for any unusual 
 injury to his clothing, received in the judicious and faithful dis- 
 charge of his duty, or for any reasonable expense incurred by him 
 in defending any suit for his acts done in the like discharge of 
 his duty, and such bill, being approved and passed in the same 
 manner as other bills, shall be paid by the city. 
 
 The consultations of said board, in reference to the conduct and 
 merits of any police officer, shall be held strictly confidential and 
 kept secret by the members of the board. 
 
 Sec. 401. The board of police commissioners shall meet stat- 
 edly on the Tuesday preceding the first Thursday of every month.
 
 —285— 
 
 They shall each month audit all bills created in and for said 
 ^iepartment, and cause those approved by them to be duly certified 
 and passed over to the city clerk, for the approval of the board of 
 finance. 
 
 Sec. 402. Every member of the police force of said city, ap- 
 pointed, reappointed or promoted, shall, before he enters on the 
 ^duties of such appointment, execute and deliver to the treasurer 
 ,of said city, a bond in the penal sum of five hundred dollars, in 
 •form and with surety satisfactory to the ma3^or of said city, con- 
 ditioned for the faithful discharge of all his duties as such officer. 
 
 The surety in such bond shall be the owner or owners of real 
 .estate in said city, of the value of at least one thousand dollars, 
 .over and above all incumbrances. 
 
 But such bond shall not in any case be construed to create or 
 -add to the liability of said city for any act or neglect of such 
 .officer. 
 
 Sec. 403. It shall be the duty of every member of said force to 
 .conform strictly to the rules and regulations of the board of 
 police commissioners and to the ordinances of said city; to use 
 his best endeavors, at all times, to prevent crime, preserve the 
 •peace, maintain good order, and enforce the ordinances of said 
 city; ito secure the detection, arrest and conviction of offenders; 
 •,to make all necessary and legal arrests ; to encourage and assist 
 :any other member of the force in the discharge of his duty; to aid 
 •the mayor and execute his orders, as conservator of the peace of 
 said city; to obey the lawful orders of his superior officers; to 
 notify any person, whom he has reason to suspect of intending to 
 commit a bfeach of any ordinance of said city, or other criminal 
 act, to desist ; to arrest without warrant any person for such of- 
 fense, when taken in the act, or upon fresh information of an- 
 other, and take the offender to a police station; to furnish to the 
 proper prosecuting officer the names of witnesses and any informa- 
 tion which may be useful in securing the conviction of offenders; 
 to report to the chief, or other officer in charge of the police 
 office, any information that may come to his knowledge, of the 
 violation of these ordinances, or of any law, and any other mat- 
 ter that should properly come to the knowledge of the chief, to 
 abstain from slander, to attend any fire, when not otherwise spec- 
 ially emplo3'ed on duty, and assist in securing and protecting life 
 ;and property, in preserving order, and in preventing the obstruc-
 
 —286— 
 
 tion of the tiro (loparlnicnt in tlic performance of its duties, and 
 to enforce the orders of the chief and his assistants in the prem- 
 ises ; to report in writing to the chief of pohce or the board of 
 police commissioners, any breach of (hity, by any other officer, of 
 which he has knowledge; to assist the coroner in the discharge of 
 his official duties ; and to perform any other duty to which he may 
 be assigned under said rule or ordinances. 
 
 Siic. 404. The willful breach of any criminal law or of any 
 ordinance of said city, or the willful breach or neglect of any rule 
 of said police department duly in force, neglect of duty, ineffi- 
 ciency, intoxication, insubordination, the willful neglect or refusal 
 to pay for personal or family necessaries purchased while in office, 
 so that the city is required to pay for the same by factorizing 
 process, the willful and malicious circulation of any false report 
 concerning any member of said force, or any disgraceful or im- 
 proper conduct, calculated to impair the usefulness or efficiency of 
 said force, when done by any member thereof, shall be deemed suf- 
 ficient cause for dismissal of the offender, or for other punishment 
 under said rules, according to the nature and gravity of the of- 
 fense. 
 
 Sec. 405. The chief of police shall keep an acount of all 
 incidental expenses of the polic^ force, and station houses, includ- 
 ing any expenses incurred by any member of said force in pursuing 
 any alleged offender, or in securing and placing him in a station 
 house, and in any necessary expense incurred in recovering or re- 
 storing stolen property ; and at the end of each month he shall 
 make out a bill for the same against the city, certifying thereon 
 that the same is correct, and present it to the bo^rd of police 
 commissioners, furnishing vouchers if required ; and such bill, 
 being amended and approved by said board, shall be passed, ap- 
 proved and paid in the same manner as other bills against the city. 
 
 Any officer who shall have incurred any such expenses, shall 
 forthwith make out a bill of the items and certify the same to be 
 correct, over his own signature, and present the same to the chief. 
 The chief shall cause any items of said JdIII, taxable by the city 
 court, to be presented to said court for taxation, and in his said 
 monthly bill he shall state wdiat portion, if any, of such bill has 
 been paid to any member of said force, and by whom. 
 
 In no case shall any police officer receive from the clerk of the 
 city court any payment of expenses or fees, as an indifferent per- 
 son or otherwise.
 
 —287— 
 
 Sec. 406. The chief of poHce, under the direction of the board 
 of poHce commissioners, shall cause a list and record to be kept 
 of all property coming into the hands of the police, whether stolen, 
 found or detained for evidence, with a memorandum of the date, 
 estimated value and the officer or other person to whom it was 
 finally delivered. 
 
 Sec. 407. The chief of police shall cause a separate book, to 
 be known as the ordinance book, to be kept in the police office, 
 and at all times open to the inspection of any officer of the city, 
 in which shall be entered all reported breaches of the city ordi- 
 nances, together with the date, the name of the owner of the prem- 
 ises, and other persons responsible for the same so far as known, 
 the nature of the ofifense, and the names of one or more witnesses by 
 whom the same may be proved, so far as can be ascertained. 
 
 Sec. 408. It shall be the duty of the chief of police to instruct 
 the patrolmen and all members of the department to report ail 
 violations of these ordinances regarding the removal of snow and 
 ice from sidewalks and gutters and the maintenance of sidewalks 
 and gutters in a reasonably safe condition. Each member of the 
 department shall make immediate report to the chief of police 
 of all violations of these ordinances relating to sidewalks and 
 gutters, together with the names of the person or persons who are 
 responsible for such neglect, which report shall be entered in the 
 ordinance book. Said police officer shall also notice and report upon 
 the duration of such neglect. 
 
 The chief of police shall furnish a duplicate of such report to 
 the city attorney and the department of public works to immedi- 
 ately ascertain the name or names of the owner of any such prem- 
 ises or of the agent having the same in charge, of of the tenant or 
 occupant, in all cases where it appears that such name or names 
 are unknown to the police, and to make a report thereof to the chief 
 of police and to the city attorney. 
 
 Sec. 409. Such police officer shall forthwith leave upon said 
 premises, or with the owner of the same or his agent, or at the 
 residence or usual place of business of such owner or agent, a writ- 
 ten, printed or verbal notice that the responsible person has in- 
 curred the penalty prescribed by sections 524 and 526 of the ordi- 
 nance concerning public works,. and will incur a further penalty of 
 two dollars for every hour of further delay to comply with said 
 ordinance, and that said penalty must be paid to the city attorney.
 
 —288— 
 
 Sec. 410. Every person who shall fraudulentl}' rc[)rescnt him- 
 self to be a policeman, or special constable; or shall fraudulently 
 raise an alarm for the police, or fraudulently make use of any 
 badge, call or signal adopted by the board of police commission- 
 ers for the use of the police; or resist, hinder, obstruct, villify or 
 abuse any police officer or special constable in the discharge of his 
 duty ; or raise any call, or use any signal to draw a crowd, or call 
 help, for the purpose of hindering or obstructing the mayor or any 
 police officer in the discharge of his duty, shall forfeit and pay a 
 penalty of not less than five, nor more than one hundred dollars 
 for every such offense. 
 
 Sec. 411. Every person who shall, with intent to prevent the 
 detection or arrest of any person guilty or suspected of any 
 offense, give any information or cause any information to be given 
 to another, regarding any criminal complaint, or any order to any 
 member of the police force, or any intended action of any police 
 officer, or of the proximity, position, or approach of any police 
 officer, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not less than five, nor 
 more than one hundred dollars for every such offense. 
 
 Sec. 412. Any special constable, appointed by the board of 
 police commissioners, may be removed by said board at any time, 
 and if he shall willfully violate any ordinance of said city, or shall 
 exercise his office to aid, protect or secure any other person in vio- 
 lating any such ordinance or any law of this state, he shall be re- 
 moved from said office. 
 
 police alarm telegraph. 
 
 Sec. 413 (a). No person shall cut any police alarm telegraph 
 wire, or shall destroy, deface, or in any manner injure the police 
 alarm telegraph, or any part thereof, in said city, or any of the 
 appurtenances of the same, or shall interfere with, or do anything 
 to the same, so as to prevent or delay the proper or timely use 
 thereof. 
 
 (b). No person shall open any signal-box connected with the 
 police alarm telegraph except by the authority of, and with the 
 key furnished by, the chief of police. 
 
 (c). No person shall have, or keep in his possession without 
 permission from the chief of police, any signal-box key.
 
 —289— 
 
 CHAPTER XXII. 
 
 PUBLIC CONVEYANCES. 
 
 Sec. 
 
 414. To what vehicles ordinances 
 
 apply. 
 
 415. Chief of police to appoint in- 
 
 spector and to issue licenses 
 for suitable vehicles. 
 
 416. Passenger vehicles to have 
 
 number on pole or shaft and 
 on lamps; lamps to be light- 
 ed ; when. 
 
 417. Passenger vehicles to have 
 
 card inside containing name 
 of owner, number of license 
 and section 431. 
 
 418. Vehicles, except for conveyance 
 
 of passengers, to have name 
 of owner painted on exterior, 
 etc. , 
 
 419. Drivers to be licensed. 
 
 420. Driver to wear number of li- 
 
 cense ; to give his name, etc., 
 to inquirer. 
 
 421. Chief of police may transfer 
 
 license. 
 
 422. Stands for passenger vehicles. 
 
 423. Stands for express and baggage 
 
 wagons. 
 
 424. How vehicles shall be placed at 
 
 stands. 
 
 425. Mayor may designate other 
 
 stands ; when. 
 
 426. Vehicles not to wait for em- 
 
 ployment except at stands, 
 etc. ; employment not to be 
 solicited upon private prop- 
 erty, etc. 
 
 427. Vehicles not to stand near 
 
 crosswalk : openings at en- 
 trances to depots, etc. 
 
 428. Police may direct driver, etc. 
 
 Sec. 
 
 429. Railroad officials may designate 
 
 place for drivers to stand 
 w'hile waiting for employ- 
 ment; conduct of drivers 
 while soliciting employment. 
 
 430. How baggage is to be delivered. 
 
 431. Tariff of rates for passenger ve- 
 
 hicles. 
 
 432. Tariff of rates for express wag- 
 
 ons, etc. 
 
 433. Penalty for refusing to pay es- 
 
 tablished fare. 
 
 434. Baggage to be delivered with- 
 
 out charge. 
 
 435. Drivers to accommodate appli- 
 
 cants in order of their appli- 
 cations. 
 43G. Drivers under engagement, fail- 
 ing of employment, to receive 
 half fare. 
 
 437. Penalty for obliterating cards 
 
 or transferring number of li- 
 cense. 
 
 438. Penalty for use of unlicensed 
 
 vehicles or failure to have 
 number of license painted on 
 pole, lamps, etc. 
 
 439. Penalty if driver is not li- 
 
 censed. 
 
 440. General penalty. 
 
 441. When license may be revoked. 
 
 442. Duties and powers of inspector. 
 
 443. Railroad and steamboat com- 
 
 panies to post tables of fare, 
 etc. : scales for weighing bag- 
 gage
 
 —290— 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 444. Power of mayor to direct ap- 44.-). Ordinance do public conveyance 
 
 proacli to landing, etc.. and to l)C printed and distributed 
 
 route to be followed on .spec- free. 
 
 ial occasions. 
 
 Sec. 414. All vehicles which are let for hire for the convey- 
 ance of passengers, which shall reqtiire the employment of a driver 
 who is not the hirer of the team, and all vehicles tised or employed 
 for the transportation of articles from place to place in said city 
 for hire, shall be subject to these ordinances, and to the ordinance 
 concerning licenses and permits ; except that this ordinance enti- 
 tled "Ptiblic Conveyances" shall not apply to any cars run upon 
 rails in the streets of the city under charter rights. 
 
 Sec. 415. The chief of police shall detail a sergeant of police 
 as "inspector of public conveyances." Said chief of police shall, 
 upon due application, and upon the recommendation of said in- 
 spector endorsed upon said application, issvie a license, as provided 
 in the ordinance concerning licenses and permits, to the owner 
 of any suitable vehicle. No vehicle shall be licensed which is not 
 suitable to the uses for which the license is applied. Each license 
 shall designate the use for which the vehicle is licensed. 
 
 Sec. 416. Every licensed vehicle for the carriage of passengers 
 shall have its number painted upon it on the pole or shafts in a 
 manner approved by the said inspector. No person shall drive 
 such vehicle until a number corresponding with the number of the 
 license has been painted upon it. Every such vehicle which shall 
 solicit passengers in the public thoroughfares, or shall be waiting 
 on the public stand, shall also have lamps on each side, which 
 lamps shall be kept trimmed and burning while at said stand, 
 during the night season, and during employment. All licensed 
 passenger vehicles which shall solicit passengers in the public 
 thoroughfares, or shall be waiting on the public stands, shall 
 also have the number of the carriage license in figures in the 
 Arabic character of not less than two inches in size, cut in stencil 
 or painted in black on glass on the side of both lamps towards the 
 sidewalk, so that the number can be plainly seen therefrom. The 
 number on said lamp shall also correspond with the number of the 
 license and the number painted on the pole or shafts. 
 
 Sec. 417. Every licensed passenger vehicle shall at all times 
 have conspicuously posted on the inside of the vehicle, at least two
 
 —291— 
 
 feet above the seat, m a manner approved by the inspector and so 
 as to be easily seen and read by the passengers, a card containing 
 the name of the owner, number of the hcense, and a copy of sec- 
 tion 431 oi this ordinance. 
 
 Sec. 418. Every licensed vehicle, except those for the convey- 
 ance of passengers, shall have the name of the owner, and the 
 number thereof, distinctly and legibly painted in a light color on 
 a dark ground on the exterior of each side of the vehicle, in char- 
 acters not less than four inches in size, in a number approved by 
 said inspector. 
 
 Sec. 419. Said chief shall, in like manner, upon the recom- 
 mendation of said inspector endorsed upon the application, license 
 drivers, on being satisfied that each licensee is capable, discreet, 
 temperate and honest. Said licensee shall be numbered, and shall 
 specify the kind of vehicle which the licensee is authorized to drive. 
 
 Sec. 420. Every licensed driver shall at all times while em- 
 ployed or seeking or waiting for employment, or in any manner 
 in charge of a passenger or express vehicle, wear upon his left 
 breast, exposed to view, a metal badge two inches in diameter, on 
 which shall be stamped or cut the number of his license in figures 
 at least one and one-half inches in length. No driver shall use 
 the badge of another driver. Every driver shall give to any one 
 requiring it. his name and residence, and the name and residence 
 of the owner of the vehicle, and shall show his badge. 
 
 Sec. 421. Said chief may. on due application, transfer the 
 license for any vehicle to another owner of the same, and the 
 license of one driver to another driver on application of the person 
 who paid for the license. 
 
 Sec. 422. The following places ni said cit}- are designated as 
 the stands whereat said public carriages for the conveyance of 
 passengers may at all times stand waiting for employment, except 
 on the Sabbath, viz. : 
 
 1. College street, west side, between Chapel and Elm streets. 
 
 2. Chapel street, north side, between College street and a point 
 one hundred feet east from the northeast corner of College and 
 Chapel streets. 
 
 3. Center street, south side, from Church street to Gregson, 
 from 10 o'clock p. m. to 6 o'clock a. m. 
 
 4. Center street, north side, two hundred feet east from Church 
 street, from 10 o'clock p. m. to 6 o'clock a. m.
 
 292 
 
 5. Union street, east side, between Fair and Wooster streets. 
 
 6. State street, both sides, south of Custom House s(|uare. and 
 Union avenue, southeast side, between State street and the i^en- 
 tlemrn's entrance ti) the passengers" waitinj;' room of the New 
 York. Xew Haven and Hartford Railroad companx's depot, leav- 
 ing such an openino-. not less than twenty feet in width, opposite 
 the mail and baggage gate, north of the depot, as may be desig- 
 nated, pursuant to the provisions of this ordinance ; also the 
 northwest side of said avenue, between State street and a point 
 ten feet northcrl}- of the crosswalk between the cast side of 
 Meadow street and the depot; all the aforesaid parts of State 
 street and Union avenue (with the exception aforesaid) shall also 
 be a stand for express wagons, baggage wagons, omnibuses and 
 stages, except that part of the northwest side of said avenue which 
 is south of the northerly side of said gentlemen's entrance to the 
 passengers' waiting room, which shall be exclusively for public 
 carriages. 
 
 There shall be open passways ten feet in width across the side- 
 walk between the carriage-way of Union avenue and the two en- 
 trances to the main waiting room of the passenger depot ; also the 
 same width of open passways between said carriage- way and the 
 large entrances to the cars, through and near each end of the 
 depot building. The curb end of the center line of each of said 
 four passways shall be at the point on the curb equi-distant from 
 the two iron columns opposite each of said entrances. Next on 
 each side of said passways a space three feet in width from the 
 carriage-way side of the curb to a line to be designated by railing, 
 paint or otherwise, shall be and is hereby set ofT as stands where 
 drivers of public passenger carriages and express or baggage 
 wagons may stand and solicit employment. The length of said 
 spaces or stands shall be as follows, viz. : 
 
 On the southwesterly side of the open passway to the entrance 
 to the railroad, near the southwesterly end of the depot building, 
 the length of the stand is and shall be twenty feet, and on the 
 northeasterly side of the same passway the length of the stand is 
 and shall be twelve feet. On each side of the two open passways 
 to the two entrances to the waitmg room of the depot the length 
 of each of the stands is and shall be twenty feet. On the south- 
 westerly side of the open passway to the northeasterly entrance to 
 the railroad, near the southeasterly end of the depot building, the
 
 —293— 
 
 length of the stand is and shall be twenty feet, and o!i the north- 
 easterly side of the same passway the length of the stand is and 
 shall be fourteen feet. And in the immediate vicinity of said 
 passenger depot no owner, driver or other person shall solicit, nego- 
 tiate for or receive employment for a public carriage of any descrip- 
 tion except while standing on and within the lines of one of the 
 stands above designated. 
 
 Such openings shall be left at the railroad depot in Union ave- 
 nue, and at any other railroad depot, as shall be designated by the 
 chief of police, w'ith the advice and consent of the mayor, for the 
 accommodation of the United States mail wagons. 
 
 Sec. 423. The following places in said city are designated as 
 stands for express and baggage wagons exclusively : 
 
 The west side of Union street, between Wooster and Fair 
 streets ; Chapel street, north side, between College street and a 
 point 228 feet west of the w^est line of the roadway of Temple 
 street. 
 
 The driver of any such express or baggage wagon shall be re- 
 quired to remain upon said wagon or alongside thereof while said 
 wagon shall remain upon the public stand. 
 
 Sec. 424. The chief of police shall fix and determine the 
 number of vehicles which can be reasonably accommodated at the 
 same time at any of said stands. 
 
 No such vehicle shall stand abreast or alongside of another, 
 upon, at or near any of said stands, but all such vehicles, when 
 upon any stand, w-aiting for employment, shall be drawn up in a 
 single line, with the right side next to the sidewalk, and as near 
 thereto as practicable, and so as not unnecessarily to obstruct the 
 public travel. 
 
 Every driver resorting. to such stands shall close up in line from 
 ^ the front in such a way as to accommodate the full number, and 
 any driver resorting to a stand, and finding it full, shall drive im- 
 mediately away. 
 
 Sec. 425. In case any of said stands shall be required for any 
 work of public improvement, the mayor of said city may designate 
 other suitable stands as substitutes therefor. And he may desig- 
 nate other suitable stands for hacks, omnibuses, baggage wagons 
 or drays, or vehicles of like character, whenever in his opinion the 
 public interest shall require it, causing the city clerk to make a 
 record of the same.
 
 —294— 
 
 Sec. 426. N'o licensed vehicle shall stand in any street in the 
 city, waitintj for employinent, except at stands desig"nated in these 
 ordinances or by their authority. Xor shall any driver be at any 
 time more than ten feet from his vehicle while it remains upon 
 the public stand, except where special places are designated in 
 these ordinances for drivers to solicit employment. 
 
 Xo person shall solicit, negotiate for, or receive employment, 
 for any licensed vehicle upon private property, except with the 
 consent of the owner or manager of the property, provided that 
 nothing herein contained shall be construed to prevent any such 
 vehicle from standing in front of the premises of the owner, on 
 the same side of the street, or in front of the premises of any other 
 person or persons by particular agreement with such person or 
 persons, and with the consent in writing of the chief of police. 
 
 Sec. 427. No vehicle, or the animals attached thereto, shall 
 stand within ten feet of any crosswalk. 
 
 Openings of not less than twenty-five feet shall at all times be 
 left on each side of the entrance designated for passengers at any 
 depot, and of the main entrance' to any place where there may be 
 a large gathering of people, for the accommodation of vehicles 
 arriving and departing with passengers ; and the driver of any 
 carriage, public or private, discharging or receiving passengers at 
 such policeman may so move such vehicle, and the horses attached 
 drive immediately away. Xo driver shall leave his seat upon the 
 vehicle which he drives while he remains in line with other car- 
 riages while waiting to discharge or receive passengers. 
 
 Sec. 428. Any policeman may direct any driver to move his 
 vehicle or horses so as to conform to these ordinances, and on his 
 neglect or refusal, or in case any vehicle be found without a driver, 
 such policeman may so move such vehicle", and the horses attached 
 thereto. And it shall be the duty of every driver to comply with 
 the reasonable direction of any police officer, so as best to accom- 
 modate the public. 
 
 Sec. 429. The officers of any railroad or steamboat company 
 may designate a particular place, in their depot or premises, for 
 each owner or driver of a passenger carriage or baggag;e wagon, in 
 which he may stand waiting for employment. No such owner, 
 driver or other person, shall solicit or negotiate for employment 
 wdiile the passengers are passing mto the street from any car or 
 steamboat, unless such owner, driver or other person, shall be
 
 —295— 
 
 standing in the place assigned in accordance with this ordinance, 
 or sitting upon his carriage or wagon. Xo such owner or driver 
 shall while employed, or waiting for or seeking emplovnient, use 
 any indecent, profane, insulting or loud language, or utter any 
 shout, or touch, or get in the way of any passenger, or seek, or 
 negotiate for any employment in any other way than by being in 
 his place and showing his card, or interfere with any owner or 
 driver negotiating for employment, or be guilty of any noisy or 
 disorderly conduct likely to annoy others. 
 
 Sec. 430. Baggage must be delivered at and taken from the 
 place, and carried out or in by the passage designated by the 
 proper officer of any railroad or steamboat company. 
 
 Sec. 431. Xo owner or driver of any vehicle for carrying 
 passengers shall charge, demand or in any way receive for carrying 
 passengers within the limits of the city as the same existed on 
 January 1st, 1897, more than the following prices or rates, viz. : 
 
 For the carrying of a single passenger with one trunk and hand 
 baggage from any railroad depot, steamboat landing, or other 
 point or place within said limits to any railroad depot, steamboat 
 landing, or other point or place within said limits, fifty cents. And 
 for each mile or fraction thereof beyond said limits, and within 
 said city, twenty-five cents additional. 
 
 For the carriage of two persons, with the amount of baggage 
 stated above for each, from any railroad depot, steamboat landing. 
 or other point or place within said city limits as the same existed 
 on January 1st. 1897, to any other point, place or destination 
 within said limits as stated above, at the same time, seventy-five 
 cents, and for each additional passenger and his baggage as above 
 stated, twenty-five cents. And for each mile or fraction thereof 
 beyond said limits and within said city, twenty-five cents additional 
 for each passenger. For each additional trunk, ten cents. 
 
 For carrying a child over four and under ten years of age. one- 
 half the above rates. For a carriage to and from a party or a 
 wedding within the city limits, three dollars. For a carriage to 
 and from a funeral, three dollars. For the use of a hack or simi- 
 lar vehicle, and two horses, two dollars per hour, and at that rate 
 for fractions of an hour. 
 
 Sec. 432. Xo owner or driver of any baggage wagon or express 
 wagon, or other vehicle for the carriage of baggage or goods of any 
 kind from place to place in said city limits, shall charge, demand 
 or in any way receive more than the following rates or prices, viz. :
 
 —296— 
 
 For the carriaj^e of any trunk, chest, or other atricle of bapfg^age, 
 or any box. bundle or packa.q-e of jroods of any kind not exceeding 
 sixty pounds in weight, from any |)()int or place witliin the city 
 limits as die same existed on January 1st. 1S97, to anv point or 
 place within said limits, twenty-five cents, and each mile or frac- 
 tion thereof beyond said limits and within said citv. ten cents, 
 and above that weight two cents for every additional ten pounds 
 or fraction thereof. For each additional trunk, chest, box, bundle, 
 package, or other article, ten cents. 
 
 For the use of an express wagon or baggage wagon, for one 
 entire day. five dollars, and at that rate for half a dav. 
 
 For the use of the same by the hour for any period of time less 
 than half a day. fifty cents per hour, and at that rate for fractions 
 of an hour. 
 
 For moving a chest of tools from any point or place within said 
 city limits as the same existed January 1st, 1897, to any point or 
 place within said limits, fifty cents, and for each mile or fraction 
 of a mile beyond said limits, ten cents additional. 
 
 The limits of the city as they existed on January 1st, 1897. are 
 for practical purposes, as follows : 
 
 Quinnipiac river on the east, Hamden on the north to a point 
 600 feet west of the center line of Dixwell avenue, thence parallel 
 with 600 feet from Dixwell avenue, to a point 200 feet northerly 
 of the center of Munson street, thence westerly to center of Whal- 
 ley avenue bridge over West river, thence following the West river 
 to the harbor. 
 
 Sec. 433. Any person wdio shall employ any licensed vehicle in 
 said city to carry any person or property, and shall refuse to pay 
 the just and established fare therefor, or the fare previously 
 agreed to be paid therefor, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not 
 more than five dollars for every such ofifense. 
 
 Sec. 434. Every such driver shall take the baggage or other 
 goods of the person for whom he may be employed, from the place 
 in which it may be deposited, and deliver the same upon the 
 steamboat or to the proper baggage master, or carry the same into 
 any part of the basement, first or second story of the building to 
 which it is destined, as the case may be. without extra charge. 
 
 Sec. 435. Every driver of any licensed public vehicle shall, 
 while in a stand for employment, be held to accommodate, at all 
 reasonable times, those who may apply to him, in the order of such
 
 —297— 
 
 application, and any such driver who shall refuse to accommodate 
 any such person or persons, as aforesaid, at such rates of fare as 
 are provided in this ordinance, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of 
 five dollars for every such offense. 
 
 Sec. 436. Every such driver being engaged to go to any place 
 in said city for employment, and going to such place, but failing of 
 employment without any fault of his own, shall be entitled to 
 demand and receive of the person so engaging him one-half of the 
 fare established as aforesaid. 
 
 Sec. 437. Every person who shall willfully obliterate, deface, 
 remove, reverse, cover over, or by any contrivance conceal or ren- . 
 der illegible any card placed in a licensed vehicle for passengers, 
 or any number or numbers in any licensed vehicle, as provided in 
 this ordinance, or transfer such card or number to another vehicle, 
 shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not more than five dollars for 
 every" such ofifense. 
 
 Sec. 438. Every owner of any vehicle who shall use or employ 
 the same for hire, or suffer the same to be used or employed, with- 
 out a license in force therefor, or without the number of the 
 license painted on the pole or shaft to the approval of the mspector, 
 or without the number on the lamps when recjuired by this ordi- 
 nance, or where there are no lamps, on the sides of the vehicles as 
 required by the inspector, or the card required by section 417 
 posted inside the vehicle, or without a license in force for the driver, 
 shall forfeit and pay a penalty of five dollars for every day in which 
 the same shall be so used or employed. 
 
 Sec. 439. Every person who shall act as driver of or solicit 
 employment for any vehicle included within the requirements of 
 these ordinances, or who has not himself a license in force to drive 
 the kind of vehicle which he is driving or soliciting employment 
 for. shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not less than one nor more 
 than five dollars for every such offense. 
 
 Sec. 440. Every person guilty of any breach or non-compliance 
 with this ordinance, for which no penalty is provided aforesaid, 
 shall pay a penalty of not less than one nor more than ten dollars 
 for every such offense. 
 
 Sec. 441. In addition to the penalties aforesaid, the license foi 
 any of the aforesaid vehicles may be revoked if it becomes unfit for 
 the purposes for which it is licensed, or for any failure to com- 
 ply with this ordinance, permitted by the owner thereof, and the
 
 —298— 
 
 license of any (lri\er may be revoked for any failure by him to con- 
 form with this ordinance, or with the ordinance prescribin^f the 
 manner of driving in the streets of said city, or for any other mis- 
 construed to lessen the duty of any police officer to note and report 
 driver. 
 
 The chief of police may at any time revoke any such license as 
 aforesaid, subject to appeal as provided in the ordinance concern- 
 ing- licenses and permits, and until such revocation is disapproved 
 by a vote of the board of aldermen, the license so revoked shall 
 cease to be in force. 
 
 Sec. 442. It shall be the duty of the inspector of public con- 
 veyances to inspect all vehicles for which application is made for 
 license, and to report upon the same to the chief of police. 
 
 The inspector shall have the right to visit all places where 
 licensed vehicles are kept, and to inspect such vehicles wherever 
 found. He shall also see that the drivers obey all the provisions 
 of this ordinance and of other ordinances of the city. He shall 
 report forthwith each and every breach by the licensee of the 
 conditions of such license, or of any ordinance relating to such 
 business, and to report at least once each year whether all such 
 vehicles and drivers are conforming to lavv ; which yearly report 
 shall be kept by the chief on file. But this section shall not be 
 construed to lessen the duty of any police officer to note and report 
 any breach of law. 
 
 Sec. 443. It shall be the duty of every railroad company and 
 of every steamboat company to keep a table containing the afore- 
 said rates of fares, and a notice of violations of the same may be 
 complained of at the office of the chief of police, conspicuously 
 posted in their depot or landing place in said city ; and they shall 
 also keep scales for weighing baggage of passengers. 
 
 Sec. 444. The mayor shall designate by an order to be re- 
 corded in the city records, the direction from which drivers shall 
 approach any place of landing, or receiving passengers or goods to 
 claim precedence in the order of their arrival, and such order shall 
 have all the force and efifect of an ordinance. 
 
 The mayor may make special orders relating to large gather- 
 ings, by advertisement in one or more local papers, designating the 
 route by which all carriages, both public and private, shall ap- 
 proach to leave its passengers and call for them, and if necessary 
 extra policemen shall be detailed to direct the line of carriages
 
 —299— 
 
 while waiting-, and to designate the position wliich each carriage 
 shall occupy. And if any owner, driver or other persons having 
 the care of any such carriage shall neglect or refuse to obey such 
 directions, or be guilty of a breach or non-compliance of any part 
 of this section, he shall pay a penalty of not more than five dollars. 
 Sec. 445. The chapter of ordinances with these amendments 
 headed "Public Conveyances" and the part of section 313 relating 
 to licenses of public conveyances and drivers, shall be printed and 
 distributed free by the city to all persons licensed to drive 
 passenger vehicles.
 
 —SCO- 
 
 CHAPTER XXIII. 
 
 PUBLIC WORKS. 
 
 Sec. 
 
 446. Director of public works ; liis 
 
 powers and duties. 
 
 447. To keep a time-book; addition- 
 
 al duties. 
 
 448. Care and custody of property 
 
 left on the sidewalks or pub- 
 lic lands. 
 
 449. Clerk of said department ; 
 
 duties. 
 
 450. City engineer; duties. 
 
 451. Parades and processions ; pow- 
 
 er of mayor de ; regulations 
 to be published. 
 
 452. Police to enforce regulations. 
 
 SEWERS AND DRAINS. 
 
 453. Sewers to be laid along center 
 
 lines of streets; duty of per- 
 sons and corporations. 
 
 454. Before sewer is contracted for ; 
 
 duty of city engineer. 
 
 455. Private sewers, etc.. must be 
 
 connected with public sew- 
 ers ; connection of private 
 sewers or drains with public 
 sewers, etc., to be made by 
 special license from director 
 of public works. 
 
 456. Steam and hot water not to 
 
 discharge into public sewers, 
 etc. 
 
 457. Connections of cesspools and 
 
 privy vaults with public 
 sewers. 
 
 458. Catch-basins or cesspools not to 
 
 be constructed in street. 
 
 459. Private sewers and drains con- 
 
 necting with public sewers to 
 be trapped. 
 
 Sec. 
 460. 
 
 461. 
 
 462. 
 
 463. 
 
 464. 
 
 465. 
 466. 
 
 467. 
 
 468. 
 
 469. 
 
 470. 
 
 Only licensed persons to make 
 connections, etc. ; city engi- 
 neer may stop up private 
 sewers in certain cases ; pen- 
 alty for re-opening sewer or 
 drain. 
 
 Connection by pipes larger than 
 six inches in diameter re- 
 quire consent of director of 
 public works. 
 
 Grade of private sewers, etc. ; 
 description of traps for pri- 
 vate sewers. 
 
 Only one house may connect by 
 each drain with the public 
 sewers, except by special per- 
 mit. 
 
 Manner of opening streets, for 
 sewer connections, etc. 
 
 Injuring catch-basins, etc. 
 
 Throwing filthy substances in- 
 to catch-basin, etc. 
 
 Penalty for opening street ex- 
 cept by order of the court of 
 common council. 
 
 Proprietors of lands fronting 
 on streets to be notified "be- 
 fore pavement is laid ; con- 
 nections with sewer, water 
 and gas mains. 
 
 Director of public works may 
 make such connection if his 
 notice is neglected, unless 
 otherwise ordered by the 
 board of aldermen. 
 
 No person to excavate a street 
 or take up pavement, with- 
 out a permit from the direc- 
 tor of public works.
 
 —301- 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 471. Director may license persons 490. 
 
 to make connections with 
 sewer, and water and gas 
 mains ; bond to indemnify 491. 
 city. 
 
 472. Excavations to be made under 492. 
 
 direction of director ; charge 
 for supervision. 
 
 473. Excavations to be refilled un- 493. 
 
 der supervision of director. 
 
 474. Duty of person taking up 
 
 pavement to restore same. 
 
 475. Department of public works to 
 
 restore pavement with ce- 494. 
 ment or concrete founda- 
 tion. 
 
 476. If work of restoring pavement 495. 
 
 is improperly done, power of 
 director in the premises. 
 
 477. Power of director to revoke 
 
 licenses. 
 
 478. Excavations in streets to be 496. 
 
 enclosed and lighted. 
 
 479. Timber, etc.. carted through 
 
 streets to be supported on 497. 
 w^heels, etc. 
 
 480. Cutting of sods or turf in 
 
 streets, etc., prohibited. 498. 
 
 481. Excavated material not to be 
 
 taken from streets. 499. 
 
 482. Coal or fire wood not to re- 
 
 main in streets ; sawing or 500. 
 splitting wood in streets. 501. 
 
 483. Streets and squares not to be 502. 
 
 obstructed. 
 
 484. Drawbridges to be kept closed; 
 
 wlien. 503. 
 
 485. Attempts to force a passage ; 
 
 how punished. 504. 
 
 486. Regulations concerning draw- 
 
 bridges ; when open, etc. 505. 
 
 487. Fihh. etc., not to be placed in 
 
 streets. 
 
 488. Pieces of fruit on sidewalk. 
 
 489. Handbills, etc., not to be dis- 
 
 tributed or dropped in 
 ■streets. 
 
 Posting or distributing lewd or 
 obscene pictures prohibited; 
 penalty. 
 
 Street dirt or manure not to be 
 removed without a permit. 
 
 Owner of land abutting on 
 street to erect fence when 
 ordered so to do. 
 
 No person to make a stand in 
 any street or square for the 
 exercise of any business or 
 calling, unless licensed by the 
 mayor. 
 
 Cleaning of carpet.^, etc., in 
 streets, lots, or fields, pro- 
 hibited. 
 
 Games of ball or quoits, and 
 throwing of stones, shooting 
 with bow and arrow and fly- 
 ing kites, and coasting upon 
 a sled in. streets prohibited. 
 
 Fireworks in streets without 
 permission of mayor pro- 
 hibited. 
 
 Injuring or defacing works of 
 ornament or utility erected 
 by the city. 
 
 Wooden awnings or sheds over 
 street or sidewalk. 
 
 Manner of abating above nui- 
 sance. 
 
 Awning posts. 
 
 Removal of mere-stones. 
 
 Vehicles not to be left in 
 streets unless attached to 
 animal. 
 
 Horses and vehicles not to be 
 left on crosswalk. 
 
 Driving faster than six miles 
 an hour prohibited. 
 
 Animals attached to vehicles 
 not allowed to move through 
 the streets without a driver.
 
 -302— 
 
 Sec. 
 
 60G. Street cars, animals, or vehi- 
 cles not to stand over cross- 
 walks, except mayor may 
 designate places where street 
 cars may stand waiting for 
 passengers. 
 
 507-508. Ambulances have the right 
 of way. 
 
 SIDEWALKS. 
 
 501). Obstructions on sidewalks. 
 
 510. Show-bills, show-board, mer- 
 
 chandise, etc.; not to be 
 placed on sidewalks; penalty. 
 
 511. Regulations concerning signs, 
 
 merchandise, awnings, etc. 
 
 512. Wheelbarrows, bicycles, etc.. on 
 
 sidewalks ; horses not to go 
 or stand on sidewalks. 
 
 513. Assembling idly or remaining 
 
 in crowds on footways, etc., 
 forbidden. 
 
 514. Spouts and drains over side- 
 
 walks prohibited. 
 
 515. Owner, etc.. of land bordering 
 
 on streets to repair defects in 
 sidewalk and remove obstruc- 
 tions ; if neglected, may be 
 done by director of public 
 works. 
 
 516. Manner of giving notice. 
 
 517. Brick sidewalks prohibited. 
 518-519. Cellar doors and cellar 
 
 doorways. 
 
 520. Trap doors and coal holes not 
 
 to be left open. 
 
 521. Flights of steps, etc., descend- 
 
 ing from or near the line of 
 any street to be covered or 
 enclosed with a permanent 
 railing, etc. 
 
 522. Excavation for a cellar near 
 
 sidewalk to be properly 
 guarded by railing. 
 
 Sec. 
 
 523. The ui)pcr surface of coal-hole 
 
 covers, etc., to be roughened. 
 
 524. Snow to be removed from side- 
 
 walks. 
 
 525. Removing snow, ice or sleet 
 
 from sidewalks ; manner of 
 giving notices. 
 52G. Gutters to be kept clean. 
 
 527. No snow to be thrown from 
 
 private property into street. 
 
 528. Ice thrown into the streets 
 
 from sidewalks to be broken 
 into small pieces. 
 
 529. No salt to be put on sidewalks. 
 
 530. The word "Street'' defined. 
 
 531. Telford pavement not to be 
 
 watered except by licensed 
 cart. 
 
 532. Revocation of such license; 
 
 appeal. 
 
 533. Telford pavement not to be 
 
 sprinkled except by authorized 
 sprinkler. 
 
 534. General penalty. 
 
 535. Regulations concerning build- 
 
 ing of bridges for railroad 
 purposes. 
 
 536. Department of public works to 
 
 have the care and charge of 
 trees in the streets and public 
 squares. 
 
 537. Penalty for injuring or destroy- 
 
 ing trees or shrubs in streets 
 or public squares. 
 
 538. Penalty for fastening horse to 
 
 shade tree, etc. 
 
 539. Fixtures around trees for the 
 
 purpose of protecting the 
 same; penalty for injury to, 
 etc. 
 
 540. Penalty for attaching anything 
 
 to trees.
 
 —303— 
 
 Sec. miscellaneous. Sec. 
 
 561. Nine hours to constitute day's 563. Fertilizers taken from streets 
 
 work for laborer. to be delivered to park board. 
 
 562. Employes to be paid weekly. 564. Money for cobble gutters, etc., 
 
 to be paid to collector. 
 
 DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS. 
 
 Sec. 446. The director of public works may, without the 
 order of the board of aldermen, cause such number of crosswalks 
 to be constructed in said city as the public necessity and conven- 
 ience may require. 
 
 The director shall, each month, examine all bills belonging to 
 the department of public works, and cause those approved to be 
 duly certified and passed over to the city clerk for the approval of 
 the board of finance. 
 
 Sec. 447. The director of public works shall keep a time-book 
 in which shall be entered the names of all workmen employed 
 by the department of public works, also the names of all carmen 
 or teamsters employed, the times of their employment, and the 
 amount of wages due. He shall keep a set of books in which 
 shall be entered the amounts due the city from individuals, for 
 laying walks, setting curbs, removing snow, etc. He shall preserve 
 and file all papers and books connected with the department not 
 otherwise provided for. 
 
 Sec. 448. The director of public works shall have the care 
 and custody of all property left on the sidewalks or public lands 
 either by summary process or in other ways, and is hereby given 
 the same rights and duties over said property and shall dispose 
 of the same in the manner provided for selectmen in disposing of 
 property left by summary process as directed in the general 
 statutes. 
 
 CLERK. 
 
 Sec. 449. The clerk of the department of public works shall 
 keep the records of the proceedings and transactions of said de- 
 partment, and shall carefully file and preserve all books and papers 
 connected with or transmitted to said department for execution. 
 
 He shall keep a set of books, in which shall be entered a journal 
 and ledger account of the moneys expended for keeping the 
 streets, avenues, parks, etc.. in repair, the amount expended for 
 new sewers, and pavements, and repairs thereof, for work on.
 
 —30-1— 
 
 bridges, and all other expenditures connected with said depart- 
 ment. 
 
 He shall keep a contract book, in which shall be entered the 
 contracts awarded by said department, their nature, amount, and 
 to whom awarded. 
 
 He shall keep a bill-book, in which shall be entered all bills 
 approved by said department, to be transmitted to the board of 
 finance. 
 
 He shall sign and certify to all notices (except where otherwise 
 provided for in the charter) to parties in interest, for encroach- 
 ments from streets, or laying sidewalks, setting curbs, and all no- 
 tices emanating from or transmitted to said department of public 
 works for execution. 
 
 CITY ENGINEER. 
 
 Sec. 450. The city engineer, in addition to the duties im- 
 posed upon him by the charter and ordinances, shall execute all 
 orders he may receive from the department of public works, the 
 mayor, the board of aldermen, or any committee thereof. He 
 shall have the general care and charge of maps, profiles, and sur- 
 veys belonging to said city, and shall carefully preserve such as 
 may be made by him, or come into his care and charge. All maps 
 prepared for proposed public improvements, and which may be 
 referred to in a layout or other record, shall be numbered and 
 signed by the city engineer. No map, profile, survey, or record 
 relating thereto, belonging to said city, shall be taken from the 
 office of the city engineer, except by his permission. 
 
 It shall be the duty of the city engineer to make all necessary 
 maps for the use of the board of assessors. He shall also, when- 
 ever requested by the mayor or corporation counsel, make all maps, 
 surveys and plans necessary in the trial of any case in which the 
 city is a party. He shall have the general charge, subject to the 
 orders of the committee on numbering streets, of the numbering 
 and renumbering of streets, and shall keep a record of all streets 
 numbered. 
 
 POWER OF MAYOR TO REGULATE PROCESSIONS, ETC. 
 
 Sec. 451. The mayor of the city of New Haven shall have 
 the power to make regulations for the safe and orderly passage of 
 all processions, parades, and other public displays within said city, 
 and may forbid the running of electric cars and other vehicles
 
 —305— 
 
 upon the streets where, and at times when, such processions, 
 parades and other pubUc displays are to take place. Said reg^ula- 
 tions shall be published in one or more of the newspapers of said 
 city at least twenty-four hours before the taking place of such pro- 
 cession, parade, or other public display to which said regulations 
 shall be intended to apply. 
 
 Sec. 452. The police department of said city shall have power 
 to enforce such regulations, and any violation of the same shall be 
 punished in the manner provided by the ordinances of said city. 
 
 SEWERS AND DRAINS. 
 
 Sec. 453. Public sewers shall, as far as practicable, be laid 
 along the center lines of streets, and it shall be the duty of any 
 person or corporation laying or re-laying any gas, water, or other 
 main, in any street of said city, to leave at least four feet on each 
 side of said center line free for the insertion or repair of a public 
 sewer, unless the director of public works shall, upon written ap- 
 plication therefor, allow a different location. 
 
 Sec. 454. Before any public sewer shall be contracted for or 
 built, the city engineer shall cause to be prepared the necessary 
 plans for the work, and profile showing the grades of the street 
 and sewer, the depth of such sewer below the surface of the street, 
 and the height above mean high water mark, as established by the 
 United States Coast Survey, and used as the city datum. And 
 when such sewer is completed, he shall cause a map to be prepared, 
 showing the location and size of the sewer, and the location of the 
 man-holes, basins, culverts, branches for house connections, and 
 other appurtenances. He shall also cause a map to be prepared 
 showing the situation, dimensions, and ownership of all lands ad- 
 joining the street in which said sewer is laid, as provided in the 
 ordinances concerning assessment. 
 
 Sec. 455. No person shall connect any private sewer or drain 
 with any basin, culvert, or public sewer or drain laid for the pur- 
 pose of surface or sub-soil drainage, except by a special license 
 granted by the director of public works. 
 
 No person shall conduct any sewer or drain, or suffer the same 
 to be conducted from premises belonging to him, or under his 
 control, under or over the surface of the ground, into any street 
 where there is a public sewer, without having the same properly 
 connected with such sewer.
 
 —306— 
 
 Sec. 456. No exhaust from steam cn,qincs, blow-off from steam 
 boilers, or water above one hundred and forty degrees Fahrenheit 
 in temperature, shall be discharged into any public sewer, or pri- 
 vate sewer or drain connecting with a sewer. 
 
 Sec. 457. No person shall connect any cesspool or detached 
 privy vault with any public sewer, except upon permission, granted 
 by the director of pubHc works, therefor, for good cause shown, 
 but in no case shall any cesspool or detached privy vault, that is 
 not water-tight, be connected with any public sewer. In all cases 
 where a cesspool or privy vault shall be connected with a public 
 sewer, as provided in this section, the discharge pipe from such 
 cesspool or vault shall be trapped,, and located as directed and ap- 
 proved by the city engineer. 
 
 Sec. 458. No private catch-basin or cesspool shall be con- 
 structed or placed within the limits of any street in the city of 
 New Haven. 
 
 Sec. 459. No person shall connect with any public sewer any 
 private sewer or drain, laid for surface or yard drainage, except 
 the same be provided with a properly trapped basin, sufficient in 
 size and depth to retain sand or other injurious substances, and to 
 prevent the same from being carried into the public sewer. 
 
 Sec. 460. It shall be the duty of the owner or owners of the 
 premises to which any drain connected with any public sewer shall 
 be attached, to employ a person duly licensed by the director of 
 public works, in making and laying such connection with such 
 , public sewer, and to conform to the directions of the city engi- 
 neer in regard to the manner in which such connection shall be 
 made, and said drain made and laid, and to keep said drain at all 
 times in good repair. 
 
 The city engineer shall have power, and it shall be his duty, 
 under the direction of the director of public works, to discon- 
 tinue, stop up, and prevent from discharging into any public sewer, 
 any private sewer or drain aforesaid which is not laid or kept 
 in repair to his satisfaction. 
 
 Sec. 461. No connection shall be made with any public sewer 
 otherwise than by drain or iron pipe, six inches or less in diameter, 
 except by the consent of the director of public works. 
 
 Sec. 462. Private sewers or drains shall be laid to a uniform 
 grade and line, and with a fall toward the public sewer of at least 
 one foot in fifty feet. A suitable trap shall be located in every
 
 —307— 
 
 private sewer or drain which connects with a pubHc sewer, at 
 some convenient point between the pubhc sewer and the house 
 or building, and that portion of the private sewer or drain, thus 
 disconnected, shall be properly ventilated. In all cases, the work 
 shall Ijc as directed or approved by the city engineer. 
 
 Sec. 463. Not more than one house or building", or single 
 house in a block, shall be connected with a public sewer through 
 any one drain, except by a special permit from the director of 
 public works. Whenever such permission is granted, the work 
 shall be done' as directed or approved by tlie city engineer. 
 
 Sec. 464. In opening any street or other public way for the 
 purpose of laying a sewer connection or drain, all materials for 
 paving or harcfening the roadway must be removed with the least 
 possible injury or loss and, together with the excavated material 
 from the trenches, must be placed where they will cause the least 
 possible inconvenience to the public. 
 
 Whenever the sides of the trenches will not stand perpendicular, 
 sheeting and braces must be used to prevent any unnecessary cav- 
 ing. 
 
 Sec. 465. No person shall injure, break or remove any portion 
 of any catch-basin, receiving basin, covering flag, man-hole cover 
 or any part of any public sewer, or obstruct openings to any catch- 
 basin or receiving basin. 
 
 Sec. 466. No person shall throw into any catch-basin or gully- 
 shoot any dead animal or animal or vegetable substance, dirty 
 water, wash, brine or other substance likely to remain therein or 
 to clog up such catch-basin or gullyshoot or to create a stench 
 therefrom, nor shall any person place any of said substances near 
 a catch-basin or gully shoot which can fall or be carried into same. 
 
 STREETS. 
 
 Sec. 467. Any person opening any street or private way within- 
 the limits of said city, except under and by virtue of an order of 
 the board of aldermen, and any person who shall aid or assist in 
 so offending, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of one hundred dollars 
 for every such offense; and the person or persons opening such 
 .street or private way, or procuring the same to be opened, shall 
 forfeit and pay an additional penalty of one hundred dollars for 
 every month that such street or private way shall continue open 
 in violation of the provisions of this section.
 
 —SOS- 
 Sec. 468. Whenever an order shall have heen passed for pav- 
 ing; or re-pavings with wood, stone or other material, any street or 
 streets of the city, in or through which there shall be, before the 
 execution of such order, any sewer or gas or water mains laid 
 down, it shall be the duty of the department of public works to 
 examine the land and buildings upon said street, to ])rescribe the 
 connections proper to l^e made with such sewer, gas or water 
 mains, by the proprietors of such lands, and to give to such ])ro- 
 ])rietors reasonable notice, requiring them to make such connec- 
 tions before such pavement is laid or re-laid, as the case may be. 
 
 Sec. 469. Tf the requirements of said notice shall not be com- 
 plied with, it shall be and hereby is made the duty of said depart- 
 ment, unless otherwise ordered, by the board of aldermen, to cause 
 all such connections, so ordered by. it as aforesaid, to be made, 
 and the expense of making the same shall be paid by the proprie- 
 tors, of said lands respectivel}", and shall be a lien upon said lands 
 in favor of said city, to be . secured and enforced in the manner 
 now provided by the charter and ordinances of the city in other 
 cases. 
 
 Sec. 470. No person or corporation shall make or cause to be 
 made any opening, aperture or excavation for any purpose what- 
 ever in any street or sidewalk in the city, without permission from 
 the director of public works, upon written application therefor as 
 provided in the ordinances concerning licenses and permits. 
 
 Sec. 471. The director of public works shall issue licenses to 
 such persons and corporations as he may deem competent to open 
 or excavate the streets for the purpose of laying gas and water 
 mains, wire conduits and steam supply pipes, and to make all 
 necessary connections with the same and with the public sewers. 
 The application for such license shall be accompanied by a bond 
 to the city, acceptable to said director, for the proper perform- 
 ance of such work and for the indemnification of the city against 
 all damages which it may be compelled to pay, or shall in fact pa}' 
 for injuries sustained in violation thereof, and for all expense that 
 the citv may incur in refilling openings and excavations and in re- 
 storing streets and pavements to their former condition in accord- 
 ance with the provisions of this ordinance. 
 
 Sec. 472. All excavations in any street shall be made under 
 the direction and supervision of the director of pubHc works or 
 by ru:h person as he may appoint to represent him, and the ex-
 
 —309— 
 
 pense to the city for any such supervision sliall be paid to the 
 collector by such person or corpt)ration for the uses of the city ; 
 provided, that the charge for supervision for any excavation in any 
 street to connect with any water or g-as main, steam supply pipe, 
 or to make any repairs to the same, or public sewers, shall be one 
 dollar. 
 
 Sec. 473. No person or corporation shall refill any opening" or 
 excavation in the roadway between the curb lines of any street 
 made under any such license except under the supervision of the 
 director of public works or of such person as he may appoint to- 
 represent him. 
 
 Sec. 474. Any person or corporation which shall take up any 
 portion of any pavement, except the pavement having a cement or 
 concrete foundation, or make any excavation in any street, shall, 
 as soon thereafter as practicable, refill such excavation and restore 
 such pavement, leaving such street and pavement in a condition 
 that will be acceptable to the director of public works. 
 
 Sec. 475. No person or corporation shall restore any pavement 
 having a cement or concrete foundation, but the same shall be 
 done by the department of public works, and the expense to the 
 city of restoring such pavement to its original condition shall be 
 paid to the collector by the person or corporation by whom such 
 pavement was taken up. 
 
 Sec. 476. If it shall appear at any time within six months after 
 the same has been done that the work of replacing any street 
 or pavement has been improperly performed by any person or cor- 
 poration, or that said street or pavement has not been restored to 
 its former condition, the director of public works shall notify 
 such person or corporation to put the same in as good condition 
 as it was before the opening or excavation was made, and if the 
 person or corporation receiving such notice shall neglect or refuse 
 to properly restore such street or pavement within forty-eight 
 hours thereafter, the director of public works shall cause the neces- 
 sary repairs to be made, and the expense thereof, unless paid, shall 
 be recovered from said person or corporation in a civil action in the 
 name of the city. 
 
 Sec. 477. The director of public works shall revoke the license 
 granted to any person or corporation who shall be indebted to the 
 city, and no license shall thereafter be issued to such person or
 
 —310— 
 
 corporation, either directly or indirectly until such indebtedness has 
 been cancelled. 
 
 Sec. 478. \\'hen any excavation is made in any street, the per- 
 son or persons, by or for whom such excavation is made, shall 
 cause a rail or other sufficient fence to be placed and fixed so as 
 to enclose such excavation, and the dirt, gravel, or other material 
 thrown into the street therefrom ; and such fence shall be contin- 
 ued during- the whole time such excavation shall be open. And a 
 lighted red lantern shall be fixed to some part of such fence, or 
 in some other proper manner over or near such excavation, and 
 the dirt, gravel, or other material taken from the same, and so 
 kept from the beginning of the twilight of the evening through the 
 whole of the night, and shall be continued every evening and night 
 during all the time such excavation shall be open, or in a state of 
 repair. 
 
 GENERAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 Sec. 479. Every person carting any timber, machinery, or 
 other heavy substance through any street of said city, shall have 
 the same raised and supported on wheels, or when there is sleigh- 
 ing, on runners, so as to avoid dragging on the ground, or tearing 
 up or otherwise injuring the surface of the streets. 
 
 Sec. 480. No person shall cut or dig up any sods or turf in 
 any of the streets or public squares of said city, except under the 
 direction of the director of public works ; nor shall any person 
 remove or carry away any sods or turf, cut or dug, contrary to the 
 povisions of this section. 
 
 Sec. 481. No person shall take or remove any surplus or ex- 
 cavated material from the roadway of any street in said city, with- 
 out the authority of the director of public works. 
 
 Sec. 482. No purchaser of any coal or fire-wood shall place or 
 permit any such coal or fire-wood to remain in any street more 
 than thirty minutes after sunset in the evening; nor shall any great- 
 er quantity than two loads of such wood or coal in any case be per- 
 mitted, by the purchaser, or other person having the charge thereof, 
 to lie or continue in front of the same premises in any street. 
 
 Nor shall any purchaser, or other person as aforesaid, permit 
 any such wood or coal, at any time, by day or night, to remain 
 in any street, so as to obstruct the passage in the same, nor more 
 than four hours in any case.
 
 —311— 
 
 No person shall cut, saw or split any fire-wood upon any footway 
 •or sidewalk in said city. 
 
 Sec. 483. No person shall lay or allow to remain in any 
 street, or on any of the public squares within said city, any brick, 
 stone, lumber or rubbish ; or erect, set. or continue thereon any 
 liouse, shop, or building of any kind ; or set up, or continue there- 
 on any gate, fence or bars ; or place thereon any obstruction what- 
 •ever; or make any excavation or opening therein; or erect or con- 
 struct any bridge in or over any of the streets or gutters in said 
 •city; or fill up any canal, drain or gutter, made by authority; or 
 obstruct or alter the course of any run of water in any street or 
 public square in said city, without license or permission from the 
 proper authorities. 
 
 Sec. 484. The draw in all drawbridges in said city shall be kept 
 •continuously closed for the purpose of public travel over the same 
 ■daily, Sundays excepted, during the following hours, to wit: From 
 6.45 a. m. to 7 a. m., from 12 m. to 12.15 p. m., and from 12.45 
 p. m. to 1 p. m. 
 
 Sec 485. No master, owner or owners, or any person in charge 
 of any vessel or other craft, when said bridge is closed, shall force 
 or attempt to force a passage through the same. 
 
 Sec. 486. When a draw is to be opened, after the usual sign is 
 •given, of sounding a gong or blowing a whistle, no person other 
 than those in the employ of the city, or having a permit from the 
 director of public works, shall remain upon the draw-span. 
 
 When a draw is to be opened, after the usual sign is given of 
 sounding a gong, or blowing a whistle, no person shall stand upon 
 the fixed span within thirty feet of the opening, if the opening is 
 unprotected; and if the opening is protected by gates, no person 
 shall stand on the bridge between said gates and the opening. 
 
 Sec. 487. No person shall throw, cart, or lay any ofifal. vegeta- 
 bles, garbage, dross, straw, shavings, dirt, filth, or rubbish of any 
 kind whatever, in or into any street, or in any of the public squares 
 of said city; or shall sufifer any brine, or wash or dirty water to 
 flow into any street, or throw, or permit the same to be thrown 
 into or scattered on any street, or shall throw, cart, or lay any 
 ashes, cinders, or shells in or upon any street in said city, without 
 the authority or permission of the director of public works. 
 
 Sec. 488. No person shall cast, throw or deposit on any side- 
 walk or crosswalk in any street, avenue, or public place within the
 
 —312— 
 
 corporate limits of the city of New Haven, an_\- part or portion 
 of any fruit or vep:etable. or other suljstances, which wlien 
 stepped u])on by any person, is Hable to cause, or does cause, him to 
 sHp or fall. 
 
 Sec. 489. No person shall distribute, throw or drop, or cause 
 to be distributed or dropped in any of the streets or public squares 
 of said city, any posters, hand-bills, advertising cards or other sub- 
 stance used for the purpose of advertising. 
 
 Sec. 490. No person shall post up, display, distribute publicly, 
 exhibit or attach to any bill-board, fence, or other public, or private 
 property, any obscene, lewd, indecent or blasphemous or lascivious 
 wood-cut print, picture or paper. 
 
 Sec. 491. No person shall take or remove any street dirt or 
 manure collected from any street in said city, except in front of 
 his own premises, without the authorit}" of the director of public 
 works. 
 
 Sec. 492. Every owner of any lot of land which abuts upon 
 any street in said city, shall, when ordered so to do by the board 
 of aldermen, cause to be erected and maintained on the line of 
 such lot adjoining" the street, a suitable fence of rails, boards, or 
 other materials; and the director of public works is hereby author- 
 ized to erect such fence where, after the passage of such order, 
 the owner or owners neglect to provide- the same, and the expense 
 of erecting such fence shall be paid by the owner or owners of 
 said land. 
 
 Sec. 493. No person shall make a stand in any street, or in 
 any of the public squares of said city, with a wagon, wheelbarrow 
 or other vehicle, or shall erect any booth, for the sale of any arti- 
 cle, or for the exercise of any business or calling, unless licensed 
 by the chief of police. 
 
 Sec. 494. No person shall beat, shake, or clean any carpet,, 
 drugget, rug, or oil cloth of any kind in or upon any of the streets 
 or public squares of said city. 
 
 Sec. 495. No person shall play at foot-ball, or any other game 
 of ball, or quoits, or throw stones, snow-balls or other thing liable 
 to injure any person, or frighten any horse, or shoot with or use 
 a bow and arrow, or fly a kite, or course or coast upon a sled in any 
 street or public square of said city. 
 
 Sec. 496. No person shall ignite fireworks of any kind in any
 
 —313— 
 
 of the streets or public squares in said city, without permission of 
 the chief of pohce. 
 
 Sec. 497. No person shall throw down, or in any manner in- 
 jure or deface any fence, pump, waterin^^ trouo;h, seat, or other 
 work of ornament or utility erected by authority, in or upon any 
 of the streets or public squares of said city. 
 
 Sec. 498. Any person who shall erect any wooden awnings or 
 shed over any street or sidewalk in said city, shall forfeit and pay 
 a penalty of not less than ten dollars, nor more than one hundred 
 dollars. 
 
 Sec. 499. Any wooden awning erected and maintained con- 
 trary to the provisions of the next preceding section, is hereby 
 declared to be a nuisance, and the same may be abated in the man- 
 ner prescribed in section 347 of the ordinance concerning' nuisances. 
 
 Sec. 500. No awning posts of greater diameter than three 
 inches for so much of the same as shall be above three feet from 
 the curb stone, shall be erected or continued in any street in said 
 city. 
 
 Sec. 501. No person shall injure, displace or remove any mere- 
 stone in the city of New Haven, without permission from the 
 city engineer of said city. 
 
 Sec. 502. No person shall leave any cart, car, dray, truck or 
 other vehicle in any street in said city, unless the same is in use 
 and attached to a horse or other animal. 
 
 Sec. 503. No person shall place or leave any horse or other ani- 
 mal, or any vehicle, upon any crosswalk in said city. 
 
 Sec. 504. No owner, or person having, for the time being, the 
 care or use of any horse, or other beast of burden, carriage or 
 draught, shall ride, drive, or permit the same to go at a faster rate 
 than an ordinarv trot, or six miles an hour, in any street in said 
 city ; and the running against any foot passenger, exercising ordi- 
 nary and reasonable care, shall be prima facie evidence of a viola- 
 tion of this section. 
 
 Sec. 505. No owner of any horse or other animal, attached to 
 any vehicle, shall allow the same to move along any street in said 
 city, without a driver sufficiently near to exercise immediate con- 
 trol over the same. 
 
 Sec. 506. No horse or other draught animal attached to any 
 vehicle, shall be driven or stopped upon any crosswalk in said city, 
 for the purpose of detaching such horse or other draught animal
 
 —314— 
 
 rroin sucli vehicle; nor shall any street car or other vehicle stop or 
 stand with any jxart thereof, or the horse or other draught animals 
 attached thereto, upon any crosswalk on any street in said citv, 
 except that street cars or other vehicles conveying passengers mav 
 stop long enough to accommodate passengers readv to get in or 
 out, with the rear platform over the crosswalk after having passed 
 the intersecting street. 
 
 Sec. 507. The mayor shall designate places where street cars 
 may stand waiting for passengers, and no car shall so wait at anv 
 other place in said city. 
 
 Sec. 508. All ambulances shall have the right of way over the 
 streets, and no person shall hinder or impede the progress of such 
 vehicle, and all persons shall move to one side of the street to 
 allow the rapid progress of such vehicle. 
 
 SIDEWALKS. 
 
 Sec. 509. No person shall place, or cause to be placed, upon 
 any public footway or sidewalk in said city, any lumber, iron, 
 trunk, bale, box, crate, cask, package, or any obstruction whatso- 
 ever, whether of the same description or not, for more than thirty 
 minutes, under a penalty of not less than two, nor more than fifty 
 dollars ; and if such person shall suffer the same to remain more 
 than one hour after being first placed there, or more than ten 
 minutes after notice to remove the same, given by the mayor, di- 
 rector of public works, or by any policeman, the person or per- 
 sons so ofifending shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not less than 
 five, nor more than ten dollars for every such offense ; and for each 
 and every hour thereafter that the same shall be suffered to re- 
 main, the person or persons so offending shall forfeit and pay a 
 further penalty of not less than five nor more than fifty dollars. 
 
 Sec. 510. No person shall place, erect, fasten or continue any 
 show bill or show board, of any description whatever, or any goods, 
 wares, or merchandise for show or sale, upon any street or side- 
 walk in said city, under a penalty of not less than five nor more 
 than fifty dollars for each offense ; and the like penalty for every 
 day in which such show bill, show board, or goods, wares, or mer- 
 chandise shall be continued, after an order to remove the same, 
 given by the director of public works. 
 
 Sec. 511. No sign, show bill, show board, goods, wares, mer- 
 chandise or other thing shall project into any street beyond the
 
 —315— 
 
 street line ; proz'idcd, hon'cvcr, that all such sig-ns heretofore erected 
 in accordance with the ordinances, and by permission of the board of 
 aldemien, shall be removed before January 1st, 1906. And all signs 
 existing without such permission shall be removed immediately. 
 
 All posts fixed in any street for the purpose of supporting any 
 awning shall be of iron not exceeding four inches in diameter and 
 the rail crossing the same shall be of iron. The said post shall 
 'be placed next to and along the inside of the curb stone, and the 
 cross rail which is extended to support the awning shall not be 
 less than eight nor more than ten feet in, height above the side- 
 walk, and the said cross rail shall be strongly secured to the up- 
 right posts. 
 
 Drop awnings, made of canvas, without vertical supports, must 
 in no case extend beyond eight feet from the building, and must be 
 at least eight feet in the clear above the sidewalk. No convas 
 or other awning requiring vertical supports shall extend into the 
 street and over the sidewalk except by consent of the board of al- 
 dermen. Any awning or post supporting the same, heretofore 
 erected, shall not be afifected by the provisions of the foregoing or- 
 dinance. But it shall be the duty of the director of public works to 
 carefully examine all awnings and the supports thereof, and if in 
 his opinion the awnings or posts supporting the same, are unsafe, 
 the owner shall, within ten days after notification by the director 
 of public works, make such changes as the director of public works 
 deems necessary for public safety, and in all cases where existing 
 posts are deemed by the director of public works to be unsafe, it 
 shall be the duty of the owner to replace them with posts made of 
 iron, and all such posts shall be kept painted. 
 
 Sec. 512. No person shall drive, wheel, or draw any coach, 
 cart, hand-cart, wheelbarrow, bicycle, or other vehicle of burden 
 or pleasure, whether of the same description or not, except chil- 
 dren's hand carriages drawn by hand; or drive, or permit any 
 horse under his care to go or stand upon any sidewalk or footpath 
 in the streets or public squares of said city, except going in or out 
 at driveways. 
 
 Sec, 513. No person shall assemble idly and remain in crowds 
 upon any footway, sidewalk or crosswalk in any street, or in any 
 of the public squares of said city, or before any church or public 
 building, or before or within any cemetery in said city ; and all 
 persons to the number of three or more so assembling, and re-
 
 —316— 
 
 fusing- to disperse when commanded so to do by a police officer, 
 special constable, or mayor of said city, shall forfeit and \rd\ a 
 penalty of not more than fifty dollars for every such offense. 
 
 Sec. 514. No person shall construct, or cause to be constructed, 
 or allow to remain, any rain-water leader, spout or drain from any 
 dwelling house, store, tenement or other building-, to discharge upon, 
 over or above any street or sidewalk in said city. 
 
 Sec. 515. The owner, and every person having the care or cus- 
 tody of any building or parcel of land bordering upon any street 
 in said city, where there is any footway or sidev/alk, shall keep 
 such footway or sidewalk in a safe and convenient condition for 
 the use of the public, and shall forthwith repair all defects there- 
 in in any way endangering; or incommoding the public travel upon 
 the same, and shall remove therefrom, without delay, any and all 
 obstructions that may be placed or found thereon. If such owner 
 or person having the care or custody of any such building or parcel 
 of land shall neglect to repair such defects, it shall be the duty of 
 the director of public works to make such repairs, and the expense 
 thereof shall be charged against such owner, agent, or person 
 having charge of such premises, in favor of the city. 
 
 Sec. 516. All recommendations from the department of pub- 
 lic works to the board of aldermen for the laying, relaying or 
 repairing of any sidewalk in said city, shall be accompanied by 
 the name of the person owning the property, or estate, or the 
 agent of such person, adjoining such sidewalk, and the street or 
 number thereof, and whenever a hearing is to be held for the 
 purpose of laying or relaying or repairing sidewalks as aforesaid, 
 the assistant city clerk of said city shall cause an advertisement 
 to be published in the daily papers of such hearing for at least 
 two days, and shall cause notice to be given to said property 
 owners, their agents, or persons having charge of said property 
 or estate, which notice shall be left at the usual place of abode of 
 such property owner, or his or their agent, in case any person so 
 interested shall not at the time reside in the city, or shall be under 
 any legal disability, or in case the owner of such property is un- 
 known, such notice shall be given as judge of the superior court 
 or of the court of common pleas may order. 
 
 Sec. 517. No sidewalk shall be laid and no sidewalk already in 
 use shall be relaid with brick. Any person violating any of the
 
 —317— 
 
 provisions of this ordinance shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not 
 more than fifty dollars. 
 
 Sec. 518. No person shall construct any cellar door or cellar 
 ,door-way in any sidewalk, or projecting into any sidewalk beyond 
 the street line in said city, except by permission of the board of 
 aldermen. Said cellar doors shall be of an approved wood, built 
 flush with the sidewalk and with no obstructions on the top. 
 
 Sec. 519. No person shall continue or maintain any already 
 -existing cellar door or cellar door-way in any sidewalk, beyond 
 the street line, for the purpose of being kept open as an entrance, 
 after the passage of an order by the board of aldermen for the 
 removal of such cellar door or door-way. 
 
 Sec. 520. No person shall leave open any trap door or coal 
 hole in any sidewalk in said city. 
 
 Sec. 521. Every entrance or flight of steps, descending imme- 
 diately from or near the line of any street, into any cellar or base- 
 ment story of any building, where such entrance or flight of steps 
 shall not be safely and securely covered, shall be enclosed with a 
 permanent railing on each side, at least three feet high from the 
 top of the sidewalk or pavement, together with a gate to open in- 
 wardly, or two iron chains across the front of the entrance-way, 
 one near the top and the other half way from the sidewalk or pave- 
 ment to the top of the railing, to the acceptance of the director 
 of public works, and such gate or chains shall, unless there be a 
 burning light over the steps to prevent accidents, be closed during 
 the night. 
 
 Sec. 522. Any person who shall make or keep open, or cause to 
 be made or kept open, any excavation for a cellar, or other pur- 
 pose, within three feet of the line of any street, so as to endanger 
 the safety of foot passengers, shall cause such excavation to be 
 properly guarded by a substantial railing or covering, to the satis- 
 faction of the director of public works. 
 
 Sec. 523. The upper surface of every coal hole cover and all 
 iron plates on cellar or trap doors in any sidewalk in said city, shall 
 be made, and kept at all times, roughed or studded over, so as to 
 prevent danger or injury to pedestrians. 
 
 Sec. 524. The owner, tenant, occupant, or any person having 
 the care of any land or building fronting on any street or public 
 place in said city, where there is any paved sidewalk, shall, after 
 the cessation of any storm of snow, ice or sleet, if in the day time.
 
 —318— 
 
 within three hours, and if in tlic nig-ht time, before nine o'clock in 
 the forenoon succeeding, cause the same to be removed from sucli 
 paved sidewalk, and if the same cannot be wholly removed, shall 
 sprinkle thereon sand, or other proper substance, so that such 
 paved sidewalk shall be safe for travel, and in default thereof shall 
 forfeit and pay a penalty of two dollars; and for each and every 
 hour thereafter that the same shall remain on such paved side- 
 walk, or such paved sidewalk shall be unsafe for travel, such own- 
 er, tenant, occupant or other person, shall forfeit and pay a fur- 
 ther penalty of two dollars. 
 
 The provisions of this section shall apply to the falling of snow 
 from any building, and also to any footway or sidewalk on any 
 bridge spanning any railroad in said city. 
 
 Sec. 525. Whenever the city shall have cleaned any sidewalk 
 or premises by removing snow, ice or sleet, at the expense of the 
 owner of such sidewalk or premises in acordance with the charter,, 
 notice shall be delivered or mailed to such owner or person or cor- 
 poration having the care of such sidewalk within ten days after 
 such cleaning. 
 
 Sec. 526, The owner, tenant, occupant, or any person having 
 the care of any building, or lot of land bordering on any street or 
 public place in said city, where there is any footway or sidewalk 
 having a paved gutter, shall, at all times keep such paved gutter 
 free from snow, ice or sleet, so as to permit the free passage of 
 water through the same, and in default thereof shall forfeit and 
 pay a penalty of five dollars for every such offense. 
 
 Sec, 527. No person or persons shall throw or place, or cause 
 to be thrown or placed, any ice or snow into any street within said 
 city, from private lands or property, without the authority or per- 
 mission of the director of public works first obtained. 
 
 Sec. 528. Every person who shall throw or place, or cause to 
 be thrown or placed, any ice or snow into any street within said 
 city from the sidewalks or gutters of said street, shall cause the 
 same to be broken into small pieces and spread evenly on the 
 surface of such street, and in default thereof shall forfeit and pay 
 a penalty of not less than two, nor more than five dollars for every 
 such ofifense. 
 
 Sec. 529. No person or persons shall cast, place or sprinkle, or 
 cause to be cast, placed or sprinkled, salt or any other substance,.
 
 —319— 
 
 in or upon any sidewalk in said city, for the purpose of melting 
 any snow or ice thereon. 
 
 Any person ofTending against any of the provisions of this sec- 
 tion shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not less than five, nor more 
 than one hundred dollars. 
 
 Sec. 530. Whenever the word "street" or "streets" is men- 
 tioned in this ordinance, it shall be understood as including alleys, 
 lanes, courts, greens, public squares and public places, and it shall 
 also be understood as including the sidewalks, unless the contrary 
 is expressed, or such construction would be inconsistent with the 
 manifest intent of the board of aldermen. 
 
 Sec. 531. No person shall water any Telford or broken stone 
 pavement by means of a watering cart, unless he shall first have 
 obtained a license therefor from the director of public works, 
 which license shall run for not more than one year, and shall con- 
 tain such conditions as the director of public works may prescribe. 
 
 Sec. 532. The director of public works may at any time re- 
 voke any such license, as aforesaid, for breach of any of the condi- 
 tions expressed in the same, or of the regulations which may be 
 prescribed by said director of public works, subject to appeal, as 
 provided in the ordinance concerning licenses and permits ; and 
 until such revocation is disapproved by vote of the board of alder- 
 men, the license so revoked shall cease to be in force. 
 
 Sec. 533. X'o person shall water any Telford or broken stone 
 pavement with a hose, except by means of such sprinkler as may 
 be authorized by the director of public works. 
 
 Sec. 534. Any person violating any of the provisions of this 
 chapter, excepting where a different penalty is otherwise specially 
 provided in any section thereof, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of 
 not less than two, nor more than fifty dollars for every such 
 offense, and a like penalty for each day's continuance thereof. 
 
 BRIDGES. 
 
 Sec. 535. All bridges that shall be built or repaired within the 
 city limits, for railroad purposes, shall be so constructed or re- 
 paired as to give clear road and sidewalk accommodation the 
 entire width of the streets on which they shall be constructed or 
 repaired, without trusses or divisions of any material or pattern 
 over the part used for driving purposes.
 
 —320— 
 
 That the flooring- for the full width of all bridges that may 
 hereafter be constructed or repaired shall be of such material as 
 the director of public works may direct, and so laid as to en- 
 tirely prevent smoke or steam from penetrating through the 
 floors ; and that the outside of walks on all bridges that may here- 
 after be constructed or repaired shall be protected with closed 
 fences at least five feet in height. 
 
 TREES. 
 
 Sec. 536. ' The department of public works shall have the gen- 
 eral care and charge of the trees in the streets and public squares 
 of said city, and shall provide for the trimming and protection of 
 such trees, and, when necessary, shall provide for or authorize the 
 removal of the same. 
 
 Said department shall also provide for or authorize the planting 
 of trees in new streets, and in such other streets and places as they 
 may deem proper. 
 
 Sec. 537. Every person who shall, without the permission of 
 said department, cut, bruise, injure or destroy any tree or shrub 
 for shade, ornament or use in any street or public square in said 
 city, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of fifty dollars for every such 
 offense. 
 
 Sec. 538. Every person who shall fasten any horse or other 
 animal to any shade tree in any street, or who shall place or leave 
 any horse or other animal in such a manner that it may injure any 
 such shade tree, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not less than 
 two, nor more than fifty dollars for every such ofifense. 
 
 Sec. 539. Every person who shall willfully and maliciously cut. 
 bruise, break, injure, destroy, displace or carry away any leaden 
 trough or other fixture placed upon or around any tree in said 
 city, for the purpose of protecting the same, shall forfeit and pay 
 a penalty of not less than ten, nor more than fifty dollars for every 
 such offense. 
 
 Sec. 540. Every person who shall hang, affix or fasten any guy 
 rope, sign, show-bill, advertisement or other thing, of any descrip- 
 tion whatever, upon or to any tree, in any street or public square 
 of said city without the authority or permission of said depart- 
 ment shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not less than two, nor more 
 than fifty dollars for everv such offense.
 
 —321- 
 
 BATH HOUSE. 
 
 Sec. 541. The director of public works shall have general and 
 exclusive control and manag-ement of all bath houses erected by 
 the city. 
 
 Said director shall appoint for each bath house and place in 
 charge thereof a keeper, a matron and such other assistants as 
 may be necessary. He shall prescribe and define their respective 
 powers and duties. 
 
 Said director is hereby authorized and empowered to make and 
 alter from time to time all needful rules and regulations for the 
 use of the privileges of each bath house, and the maintenance of 
 order and safety therein, and for the suspension of the privileges 
 of the bath house for disobedience to said rules and regulations. 
 Said director shall cause said rules and regulations to be printed 
 and posted in a conspicuous place in each bath house. 
 
 A fee of five cents shall be charged to each person over the age 
 of sixteen years using any bath house. 
 
 PUBLIC WHARF. 
 
 Sec. 542. The director of public works shall have charge and 
 control of the wharf property belonging to the city of New 
 Haven, including all the wharf piers, bulkheads, and structures 
 thereon, and all the slips, basins, docks, water fronts, land under 
 water, and structures thereon, and the appurtenances, easements, 
 uses, reversions and rights belonging thereto, which are now pos- 
 sessed or owned by the city of New Haven, or to which said city of 
 New Haven is or may become entitled, and shall have exclusive 
 charge and control of the repairing, building, rebuilding, maintain- 
 ing, altering, strengthening, leasing and protecting of said property, 
 and every part thereof, and of all the cleaning, dredging and deep- 
 ening necessary, in or about the same. 
 
 And said director shall have power to appoint a dockmaster, 
 who shall perform such services as may be prescribed by the city 
 ordinances or by said director. 
 
 Sec. 543. No cargo shall be discharged from any vessel upon 
 any pier, bulkhead or wharf structure, at which such vessel is 
 being unladen, after notice signed and served by the dockmas- 
 ter, upon the owners, consignees, master, or other officer or steve- 
 dore of such vessel, that such pier, bulkhead or structure will be
 
 —322— 
 
 eiKlangvrcd b}' the placins:,'' of additional carg-o thereon, under a 
 penalty of one hundred dollars for every such offense, and a further 
 penalty equal in amount to the damac^es of ev^ery description which 
 shall be caused by the further discharging' of cargo upon such 
 pier, bulkhead or structure, after the service of such notice, both 
 of such penalties to be recovered from such owner, consignee, 
 cargo, vessel, master or other officer or stevedore, severally and 
 respectively. 
 
 Sec. 544. No manure, ashes, cellar dirt, garbage, offal, dead 
 animals or refuse of any kind shall be received or delivered at 
 said pier, bulkhead, wharf structure or reclaimed land, or placed 
 thereon, without a special permit to be applied for in writing, hav- 
 ing first been obtained from the department of public w^orks, 
 and the party or parties receiving or discharging said manure,- 
 ashes, cellar dirt, garbage, offal, dead animals, or refuse of any 
 kind, or placing the same on any bulkhead, wharf structure, or 
 reclaimed land, without a permit obtained therefor as specified, 
 shall be subject to a penalty of twenty-five dollars for each offense, 
 and a further penalty of twenty-five dollars a day for each and 
 every day, after the placing the same on any pier, bulkhead, wharf 
 structure or reclaimed land, until the removal thereof, to be re- 
 covered from the ov>'ners, agent, consignee of the vessel, or of the 
 manure, ashes, cellar dirt, garbage, offal, dead animals or refuse 
 of any kind so received, delivered or deposited severally and 
 respectively, and it shall be the duty of the dockmaster to enforce 
 this rule and report any violation thereof. 
 
 Sec. 545. All goods, merchandise and materials of every kind, 
 landed or placed on any pier, bulkhead or other wharf structure, 
 must be removed therefrom without unnecessary delay, and within 
 twenty-four hours after the director of public works, or his 
 representative, shall have served upon the owner, shipper, or con- 
 signee of such cargo, a notice signed and served by the director 
 of public works, to remove the same, under a penalty of twenty- 
 five dollars per day for each and every day during which any part 
 of said goods, merchandise or materials, shall remain upon such 
 pier, bulkhead or structure, after the expiration of said twenty- 
 four hours, to be recovered from such owners, goods, merchandise 
 or materials, shipper or consignee, severally and respectively. 
 
 Sec. 546. All goods, merchandise and materials of every kind, 
 encumbering any pier, bulkhead or other wharf structure, after
 
 —323— 
 
 the time desiq'nated for the removal thereof, shall have expired, 
 will be liable to be removed by the authority of the director of 
 public works to any warehouse or yard, at the sole risk and ex- 
 pense of the owner of any such o-oods. merchandise, or materials, 
 and all expense incurred for such removal and storage, or other- 
 wise, shall be and become a lien thereon, and such goods, mer- 
 chandise or materials will not be delivered to the owner until the 
 expense of such removal and storage has been paid. 
 
 Sec. 547. Xo brick, stone, sand or gravel, or similar material, 
 shall be unloaded on any wharf property, -unless a permit therefor 
 shall be issued by the director of public works. 
 
 Sec. 548. Xo sand or similar material shall be discharged from 
 any vessel, unless canvas or similar material be extended from 
 the vessel's side to the bulkhead or wharf structure at which such 
 vessel is being unladened, to prevent the falling of sand into the 
 water, and if the surface of any such wharf structure is not suf- 
 ficiently tight to prevent the sand or other material dumped there- 
 on from going into the water, then no sand or similar material 
 shall be discharged thereon from any vessel, unless canvas or 
 similar material be first laid thereon to receive the sand or similar 
 material, under a penalty of twenty-five dollars for each offense, 
 to be recovered from the cargo, owner, consignee, master or steve- 
 dore of any such vessel, severally and respectively. 
 
 Sec. 549. X"o ashes, refuse, offal, fruit, vegetables or any other 
 substance shall be thrown into the water surrounding or adjacent 
 to any pier or bulkhead, under a penalty of not exceeding twenty- 
 five dollars for every such offense, to be recovered from the per- 
 son actually throwing the same ; or if any substance be thrown 
 from any vessel, then such penalty to be recovered from the owner, 
 consignee, or master of such vessel, severally and respectively. 
 
 Sec. 550. All lumber, brick or other material in bulk, dis- 
 charged on any pier or bulkhead not shedded. shall be at once 
 removed, or if not so removed, shall be placed at least twenty feet 
 from the bulkhead edge, pending removal, under a penalty of 
 twenty-five dollars a day for each and every day such lumber, 
 brick or other material shall remain on the bulkhead, to be recov- 
 ered from the owner or consignee of such lumber, brick or other 
 material, or from the person placing of causing the same to be 
 placed on such bulkhead, severally and respectively.
 
 —324— 
 
 Sec. 531. Xo person shall load, discharge or kocj) on any 
 wharf, pier or bulkhead, or allow to remain on any lighter, barge 
 or other craft moored to the wharves, piers or bulkheads of the 
 citv. anv cotton, turpentine, rosin, hay, straw, or other inflam- 
 mable merchandise, unless the same is covered with tarpaulins, 
 or other more permanent or substantial material, under a penalty 
 of not exceeding fifty dollars for each day or fraction of a day 
 that such cotton, turpentine, rosin, hay, straw, or other inflam- 
 mable merchandise shall be permitted to remain uncovered, as 
 provided in this rule ; such penalty to be recovered from the 
 owner of such material, lessee or occupant of any pier, wharf, or 
 bulkhead, on which such cotton, turpentine, rosin, hay, straw or 
 other inflammable merchandise may be left thus exposed in contra- 
 vention of the terms of this regulation or from the owner of such 
 material, lessee or occupant of any pier, wharf or bulkhead, to 
 which shall be moored any lighter, barge, or other craft, upon 
 which inflammable merchandise shall be left uncovered as herein 
 provided. 
 
 Sec. 552. No unharnessed truck, cart, wagon or vehicle of any 
 description shall be placed or left at any time on any public wharf, 
 pier or bulkhead, for a period beyond 24 hours, under a penalty of 
 five dollars, to be recovered from the owner of said unharnessed 
 truck, cart, wagon, or vehicle. Any unharnessed truck, cart, wagon 
 or vehicle of any description placed or left on any marginal street, 
 wharf or place, or on any bulkhead, pier or reclaimed land under 
 the charge and control of the director of public works, shall be 
 removed by the dockmaster. to a place designated by the director, 
 and a charge of not less than fifty cents per day for storage on 
 same shall be and become a lien thereon, and such unharnessed 
 truck, cart or wagon or vehicle of any description, will not be 
 delivered to the owner until such fine and storage fee have been 
 paid. 
 
 Sec. 553. The dockmaster shall promptly designate and assign 
 in the order in which application is made, suitable and convenient 
 berths as far as practicable, for the use of such vessels and water 
 craft as may require the same for the reception or discharge of 
 passengers, merchandise, or other property therefrom, and for the 
 necessary repair or safety of any vessel or water craft. 
 
 Sec. 554. It shall be the duty of the dockmaster, in the pres- 
 ence of the captain or person in charge of vessel, to punch in
 
 —325— 
 
 triplicate, the wharfage tickets, for wharfage due to the city of 
 New Haven, from all vessels and water craft that may be moored 
 within the limits of his district, and to transmit each day to the 
 director of public works of the city of New Haven, unless other- 
 wise ordered by said director, ticket No. two, giving the date, 
 name, home port, and the description of the vessel, the name and 
 address of owner, agent or consignee thereof, and the wharf, pier, 
 or bulkhead at which such vessel or water craft is located, and 
 shall submit therewith a statement showing the amount of accrued 
 wharfage, cash and credit. Ticket No. one shall be retained by 
 the dockmaster; No. three shall be delivered to said owner, agent, 
 consignee or representative. 
 
 Sec. 555. The dockmaster shall make return to the treasurer, 
 at such an hour as may be designated by the director of public 
 W'Orks, on Tuesday of each week, or as much oftener as may be 
 required by the board of finance, of all wharfage or cranage col- 
 lected by him during the previous week, and shall render to the 
 director of public works a statement, as often as once a month, 
 and as much oftener as may be required by said director, of all 
 wharfage and cranage due to the city of New Haven, which has 
 accrued during the period since the last report, specifying the 
 amount accrued at each particular wharf, pier, or bulkhead. 
 
 Sec. 556. The dockmaster is expressly prohibited, under the 
 penalty of immediate dismissal from his position, from receiving 
 or demanding, directly or indirectly, any fee, gratuity, compensa- 
 tion or article of value of any nature or kind, for the assignment 
 of a berth to a vessel at any pier, slip or wharf property whatso- 
 ever, or for the performance of or omission to perform any of the 
 duties required of or appertaining to the position of dockmaster 
 of this department. 
 
 Sec. 557. The dockmaster shall prevent any accumulation of 
 material upon the piers, wharfs or bulkheads ; and whenever any 
 pier, wharf or bulkhead shall be incumbered or obstructed in its 
 free use by any vessel, merchandise or material, in transit or 
 otherwise, or by any structure, incumbrance or obstruction, not 
 authorized or permitted by this ordinance, the director of public 
 works is authorized to require the owner, agent, consignee or 
 person occupying or in charge of such to remove the same 
 without delay. Upon receiving such order, the owner, agent, con- 
 signee or person in charge of the vessel, merchandise, material.
 
 —326— 
 
 structure, incuuil)rance or obstruction, as the case may be, in 
 reference to which said order or direction was given, shall comply 
 with the same without delay, and in default thereof, the director 
 of public works may employ such assistance as may be necessary 
 to carr\- into effect his order or decision by the removal of such 
 vessel, merchandise, material, structure, incumbrance or obstruc- 
 tion in respect to which the order was given. y\il expenses actually 
 and necessarily incurred in effecting such removal, and for stor- 
 age of merchandise or materials thus removed, shall be paid by 
 the owner, agent, consignee or person in charge, and the amount 
 thereof shall be a lien upon the same in favor of the city of New 
 Haven. 
 
 CARGO WHARFAGE. 
 
 Sec. 558. All goods or merchandise on the wharves shall be at 
 
 the sole risk of the owner. 
 
 Maximum wharfage on all goods or merchandise for each thirty 
 
 days or fractional part thereof shall be as follows : 
 
 Cents. 
 
 Acids, per carboy 2 
 
 Ammunition, per case 1 
 
 Ashes, per ton 7 
 
 Barrels, empty oil 1 
 
 Barrels, empty flour ^ 
 
 Brick, fire, per 1.000 15 
 
 Brick, building, per 1,000 12^^ 
 
 Brick, paving, per 1,000 12^2 
 
 Bones, per ton 12^^ 
 
 Barytes, per ton 7 
 
 Brick, hollow 10 
 
 Cabbage, per 100 bushels, 10 cabbage to the bushel 30 
 
 Coal, per ton 7 
 
 Carboys, empty, each ^ 
 
 Clay, per ton 7 
 
 Cement, per barrel 1 
 
 Dyewoods, per ton 12^4 
 
 Earthenware, per ton I2y2 
 
 Excelsior, in bales, each 2 
 
 Fish, per 100 lbs 1 
 
 Flour, per barrel 1
 
 —327— 
 
 Cents. 
 
 Fertilizer, per ton 12^2 
 
 Flour, in bags, 100 lbs ^2 
 
 Grain and Feed, in bags, per ton net 12^-^ 
 
 Grindstone, per ton 12^2 
 
 Gun stocks, per 1,000 25 
 
 Gravel, per ton 7 
 
 Hair, per ton 12^^-2 
 
 Hay, per bale 2 
 
 Horns, per ton 12J/2 
 
 Hoop poles, per 1.000 25 
 
 Ice, per ton 7 
 
 Iron, all kinds, per ton 12^^] 
 
 Junk, per ton 12_^ 
 
 Lumber, per M feet 10 
 
 Lumber, Lath, per 1.000 2 
 
 Shingles, per 1,000 2 
 
 Pickets, per M feet 10 
 
 Staves, per 1,000 12yi 
 
 Poles, under 4 inches, per 1,000 25 
 
 Telegraph Poles, each 8 
 
 Piles, each 8 
 
 Manure, per ton 7 
 
 Molasses, per hhd 10 
 
 Molasses, per tierce 6 
 
 Molasses, per barrel 3 
 
 Melons, per 1,000 20 
 
 Nails, per keg 1 
 
 Oil, per barrel 3 
 
 Oranges, per crate 1 
 
 Ore, per ton 7 
 
 Onions, per 100 bushels 30 
 
 Oysters, per 100 bushels 50 
 
 Powder, per keg 1 
 
 Powder, per half barrel 1>4 
 
 Potatoes, per 100 bushels 30 
 
 Plaster, per barrel 1 
 
 Plaster, per ton 7 
 
 Rags, per ton 15 
 
 Salt, per ton 7
 
 —328— 
 
 Cents, 
 
 '2 
 
 Salt, per sack 1 
 
 Slate, per ton 12^4 
 
 Shocks, each 1 
 
 Sugar, per hhd 12j/^- 
 
 Sugar, per barrel 3 
 
 Sugar, per tierce 6 
 
 Spikes, per keg 1 
 
 Sand, per ton 7 
 
 Stone, all kinds, per ton 12^ 
 
 Stoneware, per ton 12^ 
 
 R. R. Ties, each ^4 
 
 Wood, per cord 6 
 
 VESSEL WHARFAGE (dOCKAGE). 
 
 Maximum Rates. 
 
 Sec. 559. Loaded sailing vessels. One cent per ton per day 
 registered tonnage. One-half cent per ton per day when unload- 
 ing to lighter. One-half cent per ton per day while occupying 
 outside berth or awaiting convenience. 
 
 Light Vessels. One-half cent per ton per day. 
 
 Barges and Boats. (Except those awaiting convenience.) One 
 cent per ton per day. 
 
 Barges and boats (awaiting convenience). Loaded, $1.00 per 
 day. Light, 50 cents per day. 
 
 Steamboats. Carrying local excursion parties, no charge. 
 Carrying other excursion parties, $10.00 each landing. 
 
 Minimum Charge. Fifty cents on everything that is not over 
 50 tons register. 
 
 Vessels hauled up at wharf for the winter, as may be agreed 
 with the director of public works. 
 
 The director of public works is authorized, in his discretion, to 
 reduce the rates in any case in which, at any time, they may be 
 in excess of rates charged elsewhere in the city, to a level with 
 such charges. 
 
 The director of public works is also authorized to classify all 
 articles which may not be mentioned in this list, with such articles 
 in the list, as in his judgment most nearly represent corresponding
 
 —329— 
 
 requirements and conditions, or to make a new rate, intermediate 
 between any two rates, and to correspond with any rate which may 
 have been previously estabHshed at other wharves in the city. 
 
 loading and unloading charges. 
 Sec. 560. 
 
 Loading or unloading Lumber 25 cents per M feet. 
 
 Pig Iron 73/2 cents per ton. 
 
 Merchant Iron . . . Actual cost of handling. 
 
 Grindstone ^ " 
 
 Asphalt paving blocks .... 30 cents per ton. 
 Hoisting, Coal and General Merchandise, (except 
 
 Pig Iron) 10 cents per ton. 
 
 Hoisting Pig Iron 7^ cents per ton. 
 
 Loading Brick 15 cents per ton. 
 
 Use of Engine and Engineer $10.00 per day. 
 
 Guying 1 cent per ton 
 
 Weighing 4 cents per ton. 
 
 Shoveling, Ashes 10 cents per ton. 
 
 " Barytes 10 cents per ton. 
 
 " Coal 8 cents per ton. 
 
 " Salt 8 cents per ton. 
 
 " Sand 8 cents per ton. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 Sec. 561. Nine hours shall constitute and be considered a day's 
 work in the case of any laborer employed by the city of New 
 Haven. 
 
 Sec. 562. All the employes of the city of New Haven shall be 
 paid weekly. 
 
 Sec. 563. All fertilizing and other material taken from the 
 streets and sewers of the city, and all manure from the stables of 
 the fire department which is not required for the use of said de- 
 partment, shall be delivered by the department collecting or fur- 
 nishing the same to the department of public parks at such parks 
 as may be designated by the president of the park commission, 
 subject to the approval of the mayor. 
 
 All manure from the stables of the department of public 
 works, and of the police department which is not required for
 
 —330— 
 
 use by said departments sliall be turned over to the department 
 of charities and correction for use at Springside Farm. Said 
 manure, when taken by the department of charities and cor- 
 rection, shall be carted by the teams of said department within a 
 reasonable time after the superintendent is notified that a load 
 is ready at any one place. One cord of clear manure to be con- 
 sidered a load. 
 
 Sec. 564. All sums of money due the city of Xew Haven for 
 the laying of cobble gutters, curbing, sidewalks, cleaning snow, ice 
 or sleet from the sidewalk, or for any other work done by the de- 
 partment of public works, for permits, and for liens and for the 
 discharge of the same, shall be paid to the collector.
 
 00 1 — 
 
 CHAPTER XXIV. 
 RAILROADS AND STEAMBOATS. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 565. Railroad companies to conform 571. No person allowed to stand on 
 
 to the grade of streets, etc. platform with motorman ex- 
 
 566. Companies to bear proportion- cept employe. 
 
 ate expense of paving, etc. ; 572. Cars to be equipped with fend- 
 director of public works to ers. 
 
 see that companies conform 573. Motormen to strike gong at in- 
 to the provisions of their tersecting streets, etc. 
 
 charters, etc. 574. Companies must post copy of 
 
 567. Penalty. ordinance in its cars. 
 
 568. Rate of speed of street railway 575-576. Penalties. 
 
 cars limited. 577. Snow, ice, etc., to be removed 
 
 569. Upon crossing intersecting from sidewalks, on bridge 
 
 street power to be shut oflf. over sidewalks, etc. 
 
 570. Car when passing another car 578. Steamboat to have gang- 
 
 receiving or discharging pas- planks ; penalty. 
 
 sengers must come to full 
 
 stop. 
 
 STREET RAILROADS — GENERAL PROVISIONS. 
 
 Sec. 565. Any raiiroad company already chartered or hereaf- 
 ter chartered, for the purpose of transporting passengers for hire 
 through the streets of said city, shall, in the construction and 
 maintenance of their railroad tracks within the limits of said city, 
 conform to the grades of the several streets used by them as the 
 same are now Or may hereafter be established, so that the public 
 travel shall in no case be hindered, obstructed or endangered 
 thereby; and they are hereby required to restore all streets tra- 
 versed by their said railroad tracks, to as good condition, with ref- 
 erence to surface, material, and freedom of travel, as they were in 
 before such railroad company entered thereupon. 
 
 Sec. 566. Whenever the city shall construct in any street, over 
 which the railroad tracks of any railroad company are laid, any 
 wood, stone or other pavement, said railroad company shall bear 
 a proportionate part of the expense of such paving, and shall 
 thereafter keep in proper repair all that portion of such street 
 lying between the rails of their railroad tracks, and extending to 
 a width of two feet on both sides of such railroad tracks ; such re-
 
 —332— 
 
 pair to be done to the satisfaction and approval of the director of 
 pubUc works. 
 
 The director of pubHc works is hereby directed to see that said 
 railroad companies in the construction and maintenance of their 
 railroads, conform to the provisions of their charters, and to the 
 g-eneral statute laws of the state ; and that the provisions of the 
 foregoing sections of this ordinance are complied with. 
 
 Sec. 567, Any such railroad company offending against any of 
 the provisions of the foregoing section of this ordinance, shall 
 forfeit and pay a penalty of one hundred dollars for every such 
 offense ; and a like penalty for every day that the railroad tracks of 
 anv such railroad company shall remain in violation of any of the 
 provisions of the foregoing sections after such railroad company 
 has received notice from the department of public works to repair 
 or otherwise change the same. 
 
 REGULATING SPEED OF STREET RAILROADS, ETC. 
 
 Sec. 568. No street railway car shall move or be moved through 
 any street or part of any street within a radius of one mile from 
 the city hall at a speed greater than at the rate of ten miles an 
 hour ; beyond that radius at a speed greater than at a rate of twelve 
 miles an hour. 
 
 Sec. 569. Upon approaching a crossing of intersecting street 
 upon level and descending ground within a radius of one mile 
 of the city hall, the motorman shall shut off the power and have 
 the car under control until the opposite crossing has been passed. 
 
 Sec. 570. No street railway car shall be allowed to pass an- 
 other car standing on a parallel track in the same street to receive 
 or deliver passengers without coming to a full stop to allow the 
 safe ingress and egress of such passengers. 
 
 Sec. 571. No person (except an employe, when necessary), 
 shall be allowed to stand on the platform of any street railway car 
 propelled by motive power other than horses, with the motorman 
 or person having control of the speed of such car. 
 
 Sec. 572. Every street railway company operating street rail- 
 way cars propelled by motive power other than horses, shall equip 
 every such car with good and effective fenders and of such design 
 and type as shall be recommended by the railroad commissioners 
 of the state. 
 
 Sec. 573. Every motorman or person having control of the 
 speed of any railroad car propelled by any motive power other
 
 000 
 
 than horses, shall strike a gong or bell several times on approach- 
 ing the crossing of a street or the intersection of a street, and 
 within one hundred feet of such crossing or intersection, and shall 
 strike a gong or bell at such other places and times as to fully and 
 amply warn any and all persons in the vicinity, and shall keep a 
 vigilant outlook for all persons and all teams, carriages and vehi- 
 cles of all kinds. 
 
 Sec. 574. Every street railway company shall post copies of 
 this ordinance in conspicuous places in each of its car houses so 
 that they can be conveniently and plainly seen and read by such 
 company's employes, and shall also post in a conspicuous place in 
 •each of its cars a copy of said ordinance so that it can be conven- 
 iently and plainly seen and read by the patrons of such street rail- 
 way company. 
 
 Sec. 575. Any motorman or person violating any of the pro- 
 visions of sections 568, 569, 570, 571 and 573, and any member 
 of any corporation who causes any motorman to violate the pro- 
 visions of any of said sections, shall be fined not less than one nor 
 more than one hundred dollars for each offense. 
 
 Sec. 576. Any street railway corporation or person operating 
 street railways within the city of New Haven who shall violate 
 any of the provisions of sections 572 and 574, shall be fined not 
 less than five nor more than one hundred dollars for each offense. 
 
 RAILROADS AND STEAMBOATS. 
 
 Sec, 577. It shall be the duty of any railroad company owning 
 or using any railroad track in said city, over which there is a bridge 
 for the use of foot passengers, to cause the snow, ice or sleet to be 
 removed from the footway or sidewalk on such bridge, at the 
 times, in the manner, and under the penalties provided in section 
 524 of the ordinance concerning public works. 
 
 Sec. 578. Every steamboat employed in the transportation of 
 passengers to and from the port of New Haven shall be provided 
 with a gang-plank, at least six feet wide, having a hand-rail at 
 least three feet high on each side thereof, and such gang-plank 
 shall be used in all cases for the safe and convenient landing and 
 embarking of passengers only. 
 
 The owner or master of any steamboat violating any of the pro- 
 visions of the section, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of twenty- 
 five dollars for every such oft'ense ; and a like penalty for every day 
 Ihat such steamboat shall remain without such gang-plank.
 
 —33 
 
 CHAPTER XXV. 
 STEAM BOILERS. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 579. Board of supervisors ; how ap- 586. Board to keep record, and re- 
 
 pointed ; term of office ; va- port to board of aldermen, 
 
 cancy, how filled, etc. 587. Engineers to be responsible, 
 
 580. Board to make rules and regu- etc. ; penalty. 
 
 lations. 588. Certificate of inspection by 
 
 581. Inspector ; how appointed. Hartford Steam Boiler In- 
 
 582. Inspector; duties of. spection Company and other 
 
 583. Boilers not to be set except by companies to dispense with 
 
 permission of board. further inspection by the 
 
 584. Boilers to be inspected once in board, etc. 
 
 each year ; compensation of o80. Said companies to report 
 inspector ; penalty. monthly to the board, etc. 
 
 585. Not to apply to boilers on 590. Said companies not to make in- 
 
 steamboats, or those used for spections except upon appli- 
 
 warming buildings ; when. cation for insurance, etc. 
 
 Sec. 579. There shall be a board of supervisors, for the super- 
 vision of portable and stationary steam boilers, in said city. Said 
 board shall consist of three judicious men, skilled in the manage- 
 ment of steam boilers, elected by the board of aldermen. 
 
 Said board shall annually, in the month of May, elect a member 
 of said board, who shall hold office for three years from the first 
 Tuesday in June next succeeding his election, and until another 
 shall be chosen and qualified in his stead. And in case of the death, 
 resignation or removal of any member of said board, said board shall 
 immediately elect another to fill the vacancy. 
 
 Sec. 580. Said board of supervisors shall make such rules and 
 regulations for the manner of setting and using portable and sta- 
 tionary steam boilers in said city, as they shall deem necessary for 
 safety, and for thorough and convenient inspection. 
 
 Sec. 581. Said board shall annually appoint some suitable prac- 
 tical engineer to be an inspector of portable and stationary steam 
 boilers, who shall be removable by said board for cause.
 
 —335— 
 
 Sec. 582. Said inspector of boilers, subject to the direction of 
 said board, shall carefully examine, at least once in each year, and 
 oftener if said board shall think necessary, every steam boiler in 
 use in said city, and make such orders under his hand upon the 
 owners or persons operating- the same, as he shall judge necessary 
 to make the use thereof safe, and in conformity with these ordi- 
 nances, and with rules of said board, and said orders, rules and 
 ordinances being- complied with, and not otherwise, he shall furnish 
 to the person operating such boiler a certificate that the same has 
 been duly examined and found to conform ,with law. 
 
 Every person owning- or operating- such boiler shall keep said 
 certificate at all times conspicuously posted in the room or rooms 
 where such boiler is located. 
 
 Said inspector shall report to said board the location, capacity 
 and condition of every boiler examined by him, and the substance 
 of every order issued by him. 
 
 He shall have charge of and be responsible for the boiler-tester, 
 and any other implements belonging to the city, and used in the 
 business of said ofiice. 
 
 Sec. 583. No person shall hereafter set, or cause to be set, or 
 put in operation or continue in operation, in said city, any porta- 
 ble or stationary steam engine or portable or stationary steam 
 boiler, except by permission of said board of supervisors, upon 
 written application therefor, under the hand of the proprietor. 
 
 Every application for permission under this section shall state 
 the precise location in which such engine or boiler is to be placed, 
 the size or power of the boiler and engine, the purpose for which 
 it is to be used, and any other particulars required by the rules of 
 said board. 
 
 Sec. 584. Every person owning or operating any portable or 
 stationary steam boilers in said city, shall have them examined by 
 said inspector, before they shall be put in use, at least once in each 
 year, and shall pay said inspector for examining the same, at the 
 rate of one dollar per hour, including the time spent in going and 
 returning, before receiving his certificate, and shall forthwith con- 
 form to the riiles of said board, and the orders of said inspector. 
 
 Every person who shall use. or cause to be used, in said city, any 
 portable or stationary steam boiler, without first having received 
 a certificate of the inspector, as heretofore provided, within the 
 year next preceding, and upon the last preceding inspection, or
 
 —336— 
 
 without first complying with llir rules and regulations of said board, 
 and the orders of said inspector, shall forfeit and pay a penalty 
 of fifty dollars for every day in which such boiler shall be so used. 
 
 Every person who shall violate any other provision of this ordi- 
 nance shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not less than five, nor more 
 than one hundred dollars for every such ofi^ense. 
 
 Sec. 585. Nothing in this (jrdinance shall be so construed as 
 to include or apply to boilers on steamboats ; nor to boilers used for 
 warming buildings or other purposes, when such boilers do not 
 carry a pressure of steam exceeding five pounds. 
 
 Sec. 586. Said board shall make and keep a record of all port- 
 able and stationary steam boilers used in said city, and of all re- 
 ports and complaints made to Liiem, and of all their acts under this 
 ordinance, and shall annually make report thereof to the board 
 of aldermen. 
 
 Sec. 587. The engineer in charge of any portable or station- 
 ary steam boiler shall be responsible for the good condition of the 
 same, and of the steam and water gauges, pumps and pipes con- 
 nected therewith when in use. 
 
 Every engineer in charge of any portable or stationary steam 
 boiler shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not more than one hun- 
 dred dollars for every day in which he shall suffer such boiler to 
 be used with any of said apparatus out of order. 
 
 And the proprietor of any such boiler shall forfeit and pay a 
 Hke penalty for every day in which he shall knowingly suffer or 
 permit the same to be used in violation of the foregoing provisions 
 •of this section. 
 
 Sec. 588. The Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insur- 
 ance Company, or any company incorporated by this state or by 
 some other of the United States, for the purpose of inspecting 
 steam boilers, that has complied with the insurance laws of the 
 state of Connecticut and legally doing business therein, shall be 
 authorized to issue policies of insurance and certificates of inspec- 
 tion on boilers in the city of New Haven, and any person, persons 
 or corporations holding such certificates of inspection of their boil- 
 ers, the same being accepted, endorsed and recorded by the board 
 of supervisors of stationary steam boilers of the city of New Ha- 
 ven, and unrevoked by them, and in force, shall be exempt from 
 any further inspection, and from the penalty provided in section 584 
 lof the ordinance relating to steam boilers.
 
 —ZZ7— 
 
 Sec. 589. Said steam boiler inspection and insurance compa- 
 nies shall report monthly to the board of supervisors of steam 
 boilers of the city of New Haven, the condition of all boilers that 
 have been inspected by them during the previous month, with the 
 name of the owner or owners and locality of the same, and if any 
 of the certificates of inspection and insurance are not renewed, or 
 arc withdrawn, or if upon inspection of any boiler it is found de- 
 fective and unsafe, and the owner or owners refuse to put it in 
 proper repair, notice in writing shall at once be given to said board, 
 so that no boiler within the city shall go uninspected or be in use 
 while in an unsafe condition, and for each and every omission to 
 give such notice said company shall forfeit and pay a penalty of fifty 
 dollars. 
 
 Sec. 590. The inspectors of said Hartford Steam Boiler In- 
 spection and Insurance Company, or of any company incorporated 
 by this state or by some other of the United States for the pur- 
 post of inspecting steam boilers and legally doing business in the 
 state of Connecticut, shall not be allowed to make inspections in 
 the city of New Haven, except where application for policies of 
 insurance are applied for, and all the operations of said company, so 
 far as boiler attachments and safeguards are concerned, shall con- 
 form strictly to the rules and regulations of the board of super- 
 visors of steam boilers.
 
 —338— 
 
 CHAPTER XXVI. 
 
 TAXES. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 591. Special taxes. 503. Board of aldermen may abate 
 
 592. Mayor and board of finance to taxes in certain cases. 
 
 prepare and sign proper rate- 594. Sinking funds, etc. ; commit- 
 bill ; mayor to cause rate-bill tees ; how appointed, etc. 
 
 and warrant to be delivered 595. Board of assessors ; taxes ex- 
 to collector. empted. 
 
 Sec. 591. Whenever the board of finance shall deem it neces- 
 sary to lay a special tax, estimates shall be submitted and pub- 
 lished in like manner as for an annual tax. 
 
 Sec. 592. Whenever any tax has been duly laid, the mayor and 
 the board of finance shall prepare and sign a proper rate bill 
 therefor, and the mayor shall cause such rate bill with a proper 
 warrant for the collection of such tax to be delivered to the 
 collector. 
 
 Sec. 593. The mayor and board of aldermen of the city of 
 New Haven may abate the taxes assessed against persons who are 
 poor and unable to pay, causing an entry thereof to be made upon 
 the records of the said board and a duplicate thereof to be deliv- 
 ered to the collector. 
 
 Sec. 594. The board of aldermen may from time to time 
 establish a sinking fund, or sinking funds, to provide for or 
 reduce any indebtedness of said city, and may appoint a sinking 
 fund committee to receive and manage any appropriations made 
 to such fund, and said board may from time to time make such 
 appropriations to such funds as they may deem proper, from the 
 taxes or surplus of said city. A sinking fund committee for 
 every such fund shall be appointed by said board annually. 
 
 Sec. 595. The board of assessors shall annually, on or before 
 the first day of June, present to the mayor, to be by him presented 
 to the board of aldermen, an accurate, detailed statement of all 
 lands and buildings on which local taxes are not assessed, giving 
 locations, descriptions, assessors' valuations, names of owners, and 
 reasons for exemptions.
 
 —339— 
 
 CHAPTER XXVII. 
 
 TRADE. 
 
 599. 
 
 GOO. 
 
 COl. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 596. Coal; how sold. 611. 
 
 597-598. Coal to be weighed at the 
 request of the buyer, etc. 
 
 Coal not to be taken from the 
 cart while in transit to place 
 of delivery, etc. 612. 
 
 Charcoal ; how measured and 
 sold. 
 
 No vender of charcoal shall 613. 
 have in his possession meas- 
 ures of less dimensions than 
 required by next preceding 614. 
 section, or not sealed as there- 
 in provided. 615. 
 
 Cord wood to be measured at 
 request of the purchaser ; pen- 
 alty. 
 
 Bootblacks to be licensed by 
 chief of police. 616. 
 
 Number of license to be fast- 
 ened on box. 617. 
 
 Revocation. 
 
 No license fee to be charged. 
 
 Peddling papers by minor under 618. 
 ten prohibited. 
 
 Penalty for parents, etc., 
 knowingly permitting same. 
 
 GUNPOWDER. 
 
 No person to keep gunpowder 
 in any quantity exceeding fif- 619. 
 teen pounds unless licensed by 
 the board of aldermen. 
 
 Licensed persons not to keep 
 gunpowder in any greater 
 quantity than twenty-five 
 pounds at any one time ; same 
 to be kept in box, etc. 
 
 602. 
 
 603. 
 
 604. 
 
 605. 
 606. 
 607. 
 
 608. 
 
 609. 
 
 610 
 
 Transportation of gunpowder 
 through the city ; to be li- 
 censed by mayor, fire mar- 
 shal and chief of fire depart- 
 ment. 
 
 Time for transportation of gun- 
 powder ; penalty for obstruct- 
 ing. 
 
 Transportation of gunpowder 
 in passenger steamboats or 
 cars prohibited. 
 
 Penalty for violation of five 
 next preceding sections. 
 
 Mayor may issue search war- 
 rant authorizing fire marshal 
 to search for gunpowder in 
 certain cases ; penalty for ob- 
 structing. 
 
 No person to sell arms or am- 
 munition to children. 
 
 Fireworks not to be sold or ex- 
 posed for sale without license 
 fee for, etc. 
 
 Every license for sale of gun- 
 powder to conform to and 
 have printed thereon sections 
 609 and 610. 
 
 INFLAMMABLE OILS, ETC. 
 
 No person to manufacture, re- 
 fine, sell, etc.. petroleum, ben- 
 zine, etc., except one barrel of 
 refined petroleum of a stand- 
 ard fire test of 110° Fahren- 
 heit kept on sale or storage, 
 unless licensed In- the fire 
 marshal.
 
 —340— 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 G"20. Applications for license under (J'25. Sale of kerosene oil, etc., to be 
 preceding section ; how made ; licensed bj- the fire marshal, 
 
 granting of licenses; provi- 020. Form of application for license 
 sions. under preceding section, ap- 
 
 021. Licenses to contain certain con- peals, etc. 
 
 ditions, etc. 027. Test for kerosene oil, etc. 
 
 022. Sale of inflammables in dwell- 028. Drawing kerosene, etc. ; dis- 
 
 ings, or wharves or except tance from light. 
 
 in original unbroken recepta- 029. No machine, etc., containing in- 
 
 cle prohibited. flammable substances to be 
 
 023. Petroleum products, and ben- located in city without li- 
 
 zine test required. cense therefor; penalty. 
 
 024. Automobile storage, stations 030. Nitro glycerine. 
 
 regulations and requirements. 031. Penalty. 
 
 Sec. 596. Anthracite, bituniinous, or mineral coal, when sold 
 in quantities of five hundred pounds or more, except by the cargo, 
 shall be sold by weight; and a ton thereof shall consist of two 
 thousand pounds, avoirdupois, of well screened coal. 
 
 Sec. 597. Any person selling coal as aforesaid, shall, at the 
 request of the buyer, cause each load thereof sold by him to be 
 weighed by a sworn public weigher in said city, and a certificate of 
 the weight thereof, signed by such weigher, shall be delivered to 
 the buyer, or his agent, at the time of the delivery of the coal. 
 
 Sec. 598. When demanded by the buyer of any anthracite, 
 bituminous, or mineral coal as aforesaid, it shall be the duty of 
 the driver of the cart containing such coal, to cause the same, 
 together with such cart, to be immediately weighed upon the 
 most convenient public scales, other than those upon w^hich the 
 same has been already weighed, and to deliver without unneces- 
 sary delay such coal at the place of delivery, and at the same time 
 to deliver to such buyer, or his authorized agent, a certificate of 
 the weight of such coal, signed by such public weigher. 
 
 When any load of coal, as aforesaid, has been carted and weighed 
 upon demand of the buyer as provided in this section, such buyer 
 shall pay to said driver fifty cents for such carting, and the fees of 
 the public weigher. 
 
 Sec. 599. No driver of any cart shall give away, purloin, sell, 
 or remove any coal, or allow any coal to be taken or fall from his 
 cart while in transit to the place of delivery, or to or from the 
 place of weighing.
 
 —341— 
 
 Sec. 600. All charcoal sold by the bushel, basket, box, or 
 measure for measuring charcoal in said city, shall be measured in 
 baskets, boxes or measures of the capacity of two bushels and no 
 more when even full, and said baskets, boxes, or measures shall in 
 all cases be sealed by a sealer of weights and measures in said city, 
 and shall be so constructed as to be of as great diameter inside 
 at the top as at any other part, and the height of such baskets, 
 boxes, or measures shall not be greater than the diameter, and they 
 shall be as nearly flat upon the bottom as practicable ; provided, 
 hozcez'cr, that nothing herein contained shall prevent the sale oi 
 charcoal in any quantity which shall have been measured and 
 certified to by a sealer of weights and measures in said city, or 
 prevent the sale of charcoal, when measured for sale by a measure 
 furnished by the purchaser. 
 
 Sec. 601. No vender of charcoal shall have in his possession 
 any basket, box, or measure of less dimensions than those required 
 by the next preceding section, or not sealed as therein provided, 
 with intent to use the same or permit the same to be used for 
 measuring charcoal, sold or agreed to be sold, in said city. 
 
 Sec. 602. Cord wood brought into said city for sale, shall, at 
 the request of the purchaser, be measured by a public measurer, 
 and a certificate of the quantity thereof delivered to such pur- 
 chaser by the seller or his agent. 
 
 Sec. 603. No person not an occupant of a store, shop or house, 
 shall engage in the occupation of blacking or polishing footwear 
 in said city, without first obtaining a license therefor from the 
 chief of police, which license, unless sooner revoked, shall continue 
 in force until the first day of May next succeeding its issuance. 
 
 Sec. 604. All persons so licensed shall have the number of 
 such license in figures in the Arabic character of not less than one 
 inch in size, at all times fastened or painted on the outside of the 
 box used by them in such occupation. 
 
 Sec. 605. Such license may be revoked by the chief of police 
 at any time for any disorderly or improper conduct on the part 
 of such licensee. 
 
 Sec. 606. No fee shall be charged for such license. 
 
 Sec. 607. No minor child under the age of ten years shall 
 engage in the occupation of peddling or of selling newspapers or 
 periodicals in the streets of the city.
 
 —342— 
 
 Sec, 608. No parent, puardian or person navino^ the care or 
 control of any such minor, shall knowingly permit any such minor 
 to engage in either of the aforesaid occupations. 
 
 GUNPOWDER. 
 
 Sec. 609. No person, except on military duty in the public ser- 
 vice of the United States, or of this state, or in case of a public 
 celebration, except with permission of the mayor and board of 
 aldermen, .shall have, keep or possess in any building, or in any 
 place, or in any carriage, or on any wharf, or on board of any ship 
 or other vessel within two hundred yards of any wharf or building, 
 or of the main land of the city of New Haven, gunpowder in quan- 
 tity exceeding fifteen pounds, unless licensed by the board of 
 aldermen so to do, as hereinafter provided, and in the ordinance 
 concerning licenses and permits. 
 
 Every application for a license under this section shall be in 
 writing, and shall contain the name of the party applying for it, 
 and the precise place or locality where gunpowder is to be kept. 
 
 Sec. 610. No person licensed to have, keep, possess, or sell 
 gimpowder, as provided in the preceding section, shall have, keep 
 or possess it in any greater quantity than twenty-five pounds at 
 any one time ; and it shall in all cases be kept in a box of copper, 
 tin, or other incombustible material, furnished with two strong 
 handles, and with a tight cover with hinges. Such boxes shall 
 be marked legibly, in front, with the word "Gunpowder," and shall 
 be made in all respects to the acceptance of the fire marshal of 
 said city. Said boxes shall be placed near the front or outer door 
 of the building wherein they are kept, and the words "Licensed 
 to sell Gunpowder," shall be conspicuously displayed on the front 
 of such building. 
 
 Sec. 611. Whenever in the process of the manufacture of fire- 
 arms and ammunition, it shall become necessary to unload from 
 any ship or other vessel, or transport through the city, or use or 
 store gunpowder, the owner, president or superintendent of each 
 and every manufactory engaged in the manufacture of said fire- 
 arms, and said ammunition, shall obtain a special license for the use 
 of such gimpowder, as aforesaid, signed by the mayor, fire marshal 
 and chief of the fire department of said city. Said officers shall 
 have the sole and exclusive charge and regulation of the unload- 
 ing, transportation, using and storing of said gimpowder, in such
 
 —343— 
 
 place or places as may seem convenient and proper. They shall 
 likewise have the power to direct throu^^h what street or streets, 
 and at what times, said g"unpowder shall be transported, and the 
 quantity which may be carried on any one vehicle, at any one time ; 
 and it shall not be lawful to pass through any other street or 
 streets than those selected, or to carry any greater quantity than 
 that permitted by said officers. 
 
 Sec. 612. No person shall transport any gunpowder through 
 said city at any other time than between sunrise and sunset, and 
 only in accordance with such rules and regulations as may be 
 ■established by the fire marshal ; proi'idcd, hoivcver, that this section 
 shall not be construed to afifect in any way the section immediately 
 next preceding. 
 
 Sec. 613. No person shall, within the limits of said city, place, 
 receive or have any gunpowder on any steamboat or railroad car 
 used for the carriage of passengers or freight. 
 
 Sec. 614. Any person offending against any of the provisions 
 of the five next preceding sections of this ordinance, shall forfeit 
 and pay a penalty of not less than fifty, nor more than one hun- 
 dred dollars for every such offense ; and a like penalty for every 
 day that such person shall have, keep, or possess any gunpowder, 
 contrary to the provisions of said sections. 
 
 Sec. 615. Whenever the fire marshal shall make oath before 
 the m'ayor of said city that he suspects gunpowder is concealed, 
 stored, or kept contrary to the provisions of any of the ordinances 
 of said city, on the premises of any person in said city, or in any 
 building in said city, the mayor shall thereupon, at his discretion, 
 grant a warrant to such fire marshal, authorizing him to search 
 such premises for gunpowder so concealed, kept or stored, at any 
 time between sunrise and sunset, within thirty days from the date 
 of such warrant, and to command all necessary assistance for that 
 purpose. 
 
 Any person who shall resist, obstruct, or hinder such fire mar- 
 shal, or the persons assisting him, in the discharge of said duty, 
 shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not less than twenty, nor more 
 than one hundred dollars for every such ofTense. 
 
 Sec. 616. No person shall sell to any child under the age of 
 sixteen years, without the written consent of the parent or guard- 
 ian of such child, any cartridge or fixed ammunition of which any 
 fulminate is a component part, or any gun, pistol, or other me-
 
 —34A— 
 
 chanical cmitrivance arraiii^cd for the explosion of such cartridge, 
 or of any fuhninatc. 
 
 Si".(.-. 617. Xo person shall sell, or expose for sale, any fire- 
 works within the cit_\- limits, without havino;' obtained from the 
 tiro marshal a license so to do. The fire marshal, upon the writ- 
 ten consent of the landlord or his duly authorized representa- 
 tive to the sale of fireworks in his building', is hereby authorized 
 to issue such licenses upon payment of a fee of $5.00 per annum, 
 wherever he may deem it safe to do so, which license shall specify 
 the place where, and time when, such sale may be made. No such 
 sale or exposure shall take place within the limits of any highway 
 or other public grounds or in front of any building. 
 
 Sec. 618. Every license granted for the sale of gunpowder 
 shall- conform to, and contain or have printed thereon, sections 
 609 and 610 of this ordinance, or the substance thereof. 
 
 INFLAMMABLE OIL AND OTHER SUBSTANCES. 
 
 Whenever the word "benzine" is mentioned in this ordinance it 
 shall be understood as including the substances known as "benzole, 
 benzine, naphtha, gasoline," and all products of crude petroleimi. 
 except parafiine in its solid state, and refined petroleum of a stand- 
 ard fire test of 110 degrees Fahrenheit. 
 
 Sec. 619. No person shall manufacture, refine, sell or keep on 
 sale or storage any crude or refined petroleum, earth oil, coal or 
 rock oil, benzine or any other inflammable or explosive composition 
 of which any of the foregoing substances constitute a principal 
 ingredient of a standard fire test of 110 degrees Fahrenheit unless 
 licensed so to do by the fire marshal after a thorough investigation 
 made by him of the premises in which said material is to be stored 
 and a certificate on his part that all requirements of the city ordi- 
 nances have been faithfully complied with. 
 
 Sec. 620. Every application for a license to manufacture, refine, 
 sell or keep on sale or storage any of the products mentioned in 
 the preceding section shall contain the name of the party or par- 
 ties, nature of the business, the substances to be dealt in and the 
 precise place or locality where the substance is to be located. 
 
 Sec. 621. No person shall receive a license to manufacture or 
 refine any of the substances mentioned in the next preceding section 
 in any place or locality within 300 feet of any building, wharf, 
 bridge or body of water connecting with New Haven harbor, nor
 
 —345— 
 
 in any place or locality whatever, unless the same is so arrans^ed 
 by the use of tanks, cellars, excavations or embankments, that it 
 shall be impossible, in case of fire or other accident, for said sub- 
 stances, or either of them, to escape or overflow. In no case shall 
 a license to manufacture or refine said substances, or either of them, 
 be granted, until the fire marshal certify to said board, under his 
 hand, that the place or locality where such business is to be carried 
 on conforms in all respects to the part of this chapter referring- to 
 inflammable oils. 
 
 Sec. 622. No person shall receive a license to sell or keep on 
 sale or storage any of the substances mentioned mider this head- 
 ing upon any street or wharf nor in any part of a building occupied 
 in whole or any part as a dwelling house, nor upon any floor of 
 a building above the first floor, nor in any building whose founda- 
 tion and walls are not constructed of brick, stone, iron, nor in any 
 receptacle except in the original unbroken receptacle in which they 
 are shipped or in metallic vessels approved in writing by the fire 
 marshal. 
 
 Sec. 623. No person shall manufacture, keep, sell or offer for 
 sale within the limits of said city any illuminating fluid, the prin- 
 cipal ingredient of which is benzine, or shall manufacture, sell or 
 offer for sale any illuminating fluid made from petroleum, inflam- 
 mable at less temperature or fire test than 110 degrees Fahrenheit. 
 
 Sec. 624. All automobile storage stations, painters ' supply 
 stores or other establishments selling inflammable oils shall store 
 such products in metallic tanks, which tanks shall be located tc 
 the approval of the fire marshal. No automobile shall be kept or 
 stored in any building not licensed for such purpose by the fire 
 marshal. No automobile station shall receive a license for the 
 storage, sale or use of gasoline where the following precautionary 
 reg'ulations are not observed : 
 
 (a) Sand shall be kept in metal buckets fit and avilable for 
 absorbing oil that may fall upon the floor, and such sand, when 
 saturated, shall be removed to a safe place and burned free from 
 the oil. 
 
 (b) No gasoline shall be put into or taken out of an automo- 
 bile within 50 feet of an open fire, nor until all lamps used for 
 ilhnninating purposes have been extinguished, except incandes- 
 cent electric lights.
 
 —346— 
 
 (c) No gasoline shall be allowed to run upon or to fall or 
 pass into the drainag-e system of the premises. 
 
 (d) All such buildings shall be lighted only by incandescent 
 electric light. 
 
 (e) All gasoline shall be carried about the building in ap- 
 proved closed cans not exceeding five gallons capacity. 
 
 Skc. 625. No person shall sell or keep for sale or on storage 
 any kerosene oil or burning fluid of any kind, except whale, sperm, 
 hard or linseed oil. unless licensed so to do by the fire marshal of 
 said city. 
 
 Sec. 626. Persons desiring to engage in such sale or storage 
 shall make \vritten application to the fire marshal for a license or 
 permit, stating the place where said oil or burning fluid is to be 
 sold or put on storage, and the largest quantity to be kept for sale 
 or storage ; said application shall be signed by said applicant, or 
 his agent, and thereupon the fire marshal shall inspect the prem- 
 ises, and if said premises are approved by him he shall so indorse 
 on the application, and issue a license or permit to sell or keep on 
 storage, kerosene oil or burning fluid, not to exceed such amount 
 as the license may specify at any one time, subject to the provi- 
 sions of the 621st, 622d, 623d, 624th, 625th sections of this ordi- 
 nance; prozndcd, that the said applicant shall post in a conspicuous 
 place where such kerosene oil or burning fluid is sold or offered 
 for sale, a sign, not less than ten inches in length, and three inches 
 in W'idth, on which are printed these words: "Licensed to sell ker- 
 osene oil ;" all of w-hich shall be to the acceptance of the fire mar- 
 shal ; provided, further, that any person who may feel aggrieved 
 at the refusal of the fire marshal to issue a permit, may appeal to 
 the board of aldermen, within thirty days from the date of such 
 refusal, on first giving written notice to the fire marshal of such 
 appeal, and the said board shall take such action thereon as they 
 shall deem best. 
 
 Sec. 627. No person shall sell any burning fluid or kerosene 
 oil for illuminating purposes which is inflammable at a less degree 
 of heat than 110 degrees Fahrenheit. 
 
 Sec. 628. No person shall draw or cause to be drawm from any 
 cask, tank or other receptacle any burning fluid or kerosene oil 
 within 50 feet of any flame or light except an incandescent electric 
 light.
 
 —347— 
 
 Sec. 629. No machine, retort, cylinder and other receptacle or 
 contrivance containing inflammable substances, whether gaseous 
 or otherwise, under a greater pressure than five pounds to the 
 square inch, shall be located, placed or used in any building other 
 than a laboratory of an institution of learning without license 
 therefor from the fire marshal, and no such license shall be granted 
 for the use of any building which is used for other purposes unless 
 such gases are in common use in trades, professions or lines of 
 business, and such use is deemed to be consistent with public safety. 
 
 Sec. 630. No person shall have, keep, fJossess or bring witliin 
 the limits of this city any of the compound known as nitro- 
 glycerine ; provided, hoiuever, that this section is not to apply to 
 the possession and sale of this compound by licensed druggists 
 for medicinal purposes only in quantities not to exceed one-half 
 pound at any one time, or within the same place of business. 
 
 Sec. 631. Any person violating any of the provisions of the 
 part of this chapter headed "Inflammable Oils and Other Sub- 
 stances" shall forfeit and pay a penalty not exceeding $100, and 
 a like penalty for every day of such violation.
 
 —348- 
 
 CHAPTER XXVIII. 
 TRESPASSES. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 (132. Trespass in yards and gardens; 633. Notices and placards; not to be 
 penalty. posted on private property 
 
 without consent of owner, nor 
 on public property without 
 consent of mayor and board 
 of aldermen. 
 
 Sec. 632. N^o person shall enter any yard, garden or enclosure 
 or posted land against the will of the owner or without his per- 
 mission, or take or destroy any fruit or produce of any such yard, 
 garden, enclosure or posted land, or destroy or in any manner 
 injure any tree, shrub or plant therein. 
 
 Any person violating any of the provisions of this section shall 
 be fined not more than $50 for every such offense. 
 
 Sec. 633. No person shall post up, or affix in any manner, any 
 bill, placard or notice, either written or printed, upon any fence, 
 bridge, wall, post, or upon any part of any building in said city, 
 without the previous consent of the occupants thereof; or, if there 
 be no occupants, without the previous consent of the owners 
 thereof; nor itpon any building, sidewalk, curbstone, tree, fei\ce 
 or post belonging to said city, without ^consent of the mayor and 
 board of aldermen; nor upon any pole belonging to any telegraph, 
 telephone or electric lighting company, without the previous con- 
 sent of such company. 
 
 Any person offending against any of the provisions of this sec- 
 tion shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not more than twenty dol- 
 lars for every such offense.
 
 —349- 
 
 CHAPTER XXIX. 
 
 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 
 
 Sec. 
 G34. 
 
 635. 
 
 036. 
 
 C37. 
 
 688. 
 
 No person to use any scale, etc., 
 that has not been inspected by 
 sealer. 
 
 Inspection and stamping by 
 said sealer of scales, etc., car- 
 ried to him. 
 
 No person to use any scale, etc., 
 that has been condemned by 
 said sealer. 
 
 Said sealer to devote all his 
 time to his duties, making 
 such visits as are deemed 
 necessary. 
 
 It shall be lawful for him to en- 
 ter anv store, etc. 
 
 Sec. 
 639. 
 
 040. 
 641. 
 
 64-2. 
 
 643. 
 644. 
 
 Shall perform inspection when 
 called upon ; hay and coal to 
 be weighed by said sealer 
 when the purchaser requests 
 it ; fees for such service. 
 
 No person to obstruct or hinder 
 said sealer. 
 
 Measures of capacity; their 
 form to be approved by said 
 sealer. 
 
 Records and reports of said 
 sealer. 
 
 Policemen to assist said sealer. 
 
 Fees for service ; salary. 
 
 Sec. 634. Any person who shall use any scale, weight or meas- 
 ure of any kind, in buying or selling any article of merchandise 
 that has not been inspected by the sealer of weights and measures 
 within one year, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of ten dollars, 
 one-half of which shall be paid to the person or persons giving the 
 necessary information for conviction luider this section. 
 
 Sec. 635. All persons having scales, weights or measures of 
 any kind, which are to be used in buying and selling goods or mer- 
 chandise, may carry the same to the place of business or office of 
 the sealer of weights and measures, who, having inspected and 
 found them correct, or having made them correct, shall stamp 
 them "C. N. H.," with the year ; and if such scales, weights or 
 measures cannot be made correct, they shall be stamped "Cond." 
 and shall not be again used in the purchase or sale of goods. 
 
 Sec. 636. Any person who shall use any scale, weight or meas- 
 ure of any kind that has been inspected and condemned, shall for- 
 feit and pay a penalty of not less than twenty-five, nor more than 
 one hundred dollars, one-half of which shall be paid to the person
 
 —350— 
 
 or persons giving the necessary information for conviction under 
 tiiis section. 
 
 Sec. 637. The sealer of weights and measures shall devote all 
 his time to the tluties of his office, shall visit, from time to time, 
 as he shall deem necessary, all places in said city where scales 
 weights or measures of any kind are used in buying or selling any 
 article of merchandise, and shall inspect such scales, weights or 
 measures, and stamp them, at least once a year, as provided in 
 section 635. 
 
 Sec. 638. It shall be the duty of the sealer of weights and 
 measures, and it shall be lawful for him, at any reasonable hour,, 
 to enter any store, house or other building or place, where weights 
 or measures are used, or where he supposes they may be used for 
 the purpose of buying or selling any article, to inspect any scales, 
 weights or measures contained therein, or to inspect the scales, 
 weights or measures of any itinerant merchant or peddler of 
 fruits, vegetables, clams, oysters, or other articles of merchandise. 
 
 Sec. 639. It shall be the duty of the sealer of weights and 
 measures to inspect, at any reasonable hour, any scale, weight or 
 measure, when called upon by any person ; proindcd, said persoo 
 shall tender to said sealer of weights and measures such a fee as 
 the said sealer shall be entitled to on making the inspection. 
 
 All persons, their agents and drivers, selling hay or coal, shall, 
 whenever requested by the purchaser of such hay or coal, give to 
 him the weight of such hay or coal, and, if such purchaser request 
 it, shall cause such hay or coal, and the cart or wagon containing 
 the same, to be forthwith weighed by the sealer of weights and 
 measures, on such scales as said sealer may select, and after deliv- 
 ering such hay or coal shall forthwith, before taking another load, 
 return said cart or wagon to the same scales, and cause it to be 
 weighed thereon. 
 
 Said sealer shall then give such purchaser a certificate of the 
 weight of such hay or coal, and if the .weight certified to by said 
 sealer is not less than the weight previously given by such seller, 
 agent or driver, said purchaser shall pay the fees of said sealer 
 and weigher and shall pay the driver twenty-five cents for the 
 detention thus caused ; but if the weight certified to by said sealer 
 is less than the weight previously given by such seller, agent or 
 driver, then all of said expenses shall be paid by the seller of such 
 hay or coal.
 
 —351— 
 
 Sec. 640. Any person preventing or hindering the sealer of 
 weights and measures from obtaining any article to be inspected, 
 or obstructing him in the lawful exercise of his duties, shall for- 
 feit and pay a penalty of not less than ten, nor more than one 
 hundred dollars. 
 
 SbX. 641. All measures of capacity shall be of a form or shape 
 approved by the sealer of weights and measures, and any person 
 who shall use a measure the form or shape of which is condemned 
 by him, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not less than two, nor 
 more than ten dollars for each offense. 
 
 Sec. 642. The sealer of weights and measures shall make a 
 record of all acts performed by him, with the dates, and names of 
 articles inspected, and of the owners of such articles, with such 
 other remarks as he may deem necessary, and shall make a written 
 report of such acts to the board of aldermen every two months, 
 which said report shall also contain a separate statement of the 
 amount of fees received by him from each person, and the names, 
 business and place of business of all persons whose scales, weights 
 or measures have been found to be below the standard. 
 
 Sec. 643. It shall be the duty of every policeman to assist the 
 sealer of weights and measures when required, and to report to 
 him any violation of this ordinance, within his knowledge, and 
 the sealer of weights and measures shall report the same to the 
 city attorney, for prosecution forthwith. 
 
 Sec. 644. The following list of fees shall be charged by the 
 sealer of weights and measures for his services at his office: for 
 testing each set of weights or balance, 15 cents; set of measures, 
 gill to gallon, 15 cents; set of measures, dry, 15 cents; each yard 
 stick, 3 cents ; with an addition of 25 cents when inspected on the 
 premises of the owner, and 25 cents for each hour when occupied 
 in correcting any article ; said fees to be paid by the person whose 
 articles are inspected, but no more than one fee shall be charged 
 for inspecting the same article during the same year, unless such 
 article is found to be below the standard, in which case the sealer 
 shall be entitled to charge double the above fees. 
 
 In addition to the above fees the city of New Haven shall pay 
 to said sealer a salary of $700 per year.
 
 -352— 
 
 CHAPTER XXX. 
 
 WIRES. 
 
 Sec. Sec. 
 
 645. How poles shall be set ; name 048. Wires on cross-arms, how fast- 
 
 of owner to appear thereon; ened; electric railway wires 
 
 how painted. to have circuit breakers. 
 
 646. Distance of wires from crown 649. Electric wires must have curved 
 
 of street. guard irons ; when. 
 
 647. Distance of cross-arms of elec- 
 
 tric wires from telephone and 
 telegraph wires ; electric light 
 ing wires ; when not to run 
 over housetops. 
 
 Sec. 645. All telegraph, telephone and electric light poles set 
 on the streets of the city shall be of sufficient size to be set at 
 least five feet in the ground and leave the lowest gain at least 
 twenty-five feet in height above the curb. The top gain on all 
 poles shall be reserved for the use of the city fire and police alarm 
 systems, and shall be six inches from the top of the pole. All 
 poles shall be stenciled with the tiame or initials of the company 
 owning the same, each pole being numbered, and a record kept by 
 the owners of the poles showing the numbers and locations of the 
 poles. The numbers and names or initials shall be stenciled on the 
 pole in white and in figures of one and one-half inches in height. 
 All poles shall be painted a dark green color, and no signs, adver- 
 tising or printed matter other than the numbers of said poles and 
 the name or initials of the company owning the same shall be 
 printed or attached in any way whatever to any of the poles set on 
 the streets of the city. 
 
 All cross-arms must be securely bolted to poles and braced with 
 cross-arm braces. 
 
 Sec, 646. All telegraph, telephone, and electric lighting wires 
 running through or across the streets of the city, shall be at a dis- 
 tance of not less than twenty-five feet from the crown of the street
 
 —353— 
 
 and shall run as nearly as practicable at right angles into the build- 
 ings where used. 
 
 The distance of all wires from the city fire alann wires shall be 
 at least two feet. 
 
 Sec. 647. In all cases where electric light or electric power 
 wires shall be run on the same poles as telephone or telegraph 
 wires, the perpendicular distance between the cross arms bearing 
 the electric light or power wires and the arms bearing such other 
 wires shall not be less than twenty inches from center to center, 
 except in cases of junction poles at street 'corners and other places 
 where reverse arms are used, in which case the arms shall not be 
 less than twelve inches from center to center. 
 
 Electric lighting wires shall not be run over house-tops except 
 where necessary to buildings using the same, and all electric light- 
 ing wires shall be properly insulated and joints and bare places 
 securely tapped, and if run through wood parts of buildings, shall 
 pass through a tube of either hard rubber or glass of a thickness 
 of not less than one-quarter of an inch. 
 
 All persons using the electric light shall conform to the full re- 
 quirements of the National Board of Underwriters. 
 
 Sec. 648. All wires attached to cross-arms on poles shall be fas- 
 tened to the side of the insulator nearest the poles. 
 
 Electric light and trolley feed wires shall in all cases be attached 
 at a horizontal distance of not less than twelve inches from the 
 center of the poles on which they are supported. 
 
 All span and guard wires of electric railway companies shall 
 have circuit breakers cut into them not less than six feet nor more 
 than ten feet from the curb line. 
 
 Sfc. 649. In all cases where electric light or electric power 
 wires shall be run other than in a straight line, curved guard irons 
 shall be used on the ends of the cross arms, so attached as to fully 
 prevent the wires on the cross-arms from falling in case of their 
 becoming detached from the cross-arms.
 
 —35- 
 
 BOARD OF HEALTH. 
 
 RULES AND REGULATIONS ADOPTED UNDER SECTION 94 OF 
 CHARTER — SPITTING REGULATION. 
 
 That spitting upon the floors of pubHc conveyances or upon 
 the premises of pubHc buildings, theatres, opera houses, halls and 
 the like, except in proper receptacles provided for said purpose, 
 is hereby prohibited. It shall be the duty of owners, agents, cor- 
 porations or persons having charge of said public conveyances, 
 buildings, theatres, opera houses, halls, and the like to display 
 in a conspicuous place and manner proper signs calling attention 
 to this regulation, said signs to be duly approved by said board of 
 health. Every person or corporation willfully or carelessly vio- 
 lating this regulation or refusing to display said signs shall forfeit 
 and pay a penalty of not less than five, nor more than fifty dollars 
 for each violation. 
 
 Approved by the board of health, January 8, 1901. . 
 
 REGULATION DE KEEPING OF FOWLS, DUCKS, CHICKENS, ETC. 
 
 The keeping of fowls, ducks, chickens and the like within the 
 limits of the city of New Haven, without a special permit therefor 
 from the board of health of said city, is hereby prohibited. 
 
 Every person violating this regulation, on conviction, shall pay 
 a penalty of not less than five, nor more than fifty dollars. 
 
 Approved by the board of health, July 9, 1901. 
 
 HEALTH REGULATION DE TUBERCULOSIS. 
 
 Sec. 1. Pulmonary tuberculosis is hereby declared to be an in- 
 fectious and communicable disease, and dangerous to the public 
 health. Every physician is requested to report in writing to the 
 board of health the name, age, sex, occupation and address of 
 every person coming under his observation having such disease. 
 
 Sec. 2. A room or apartment that has been occupied by a per- 
 son sufifering with pulmonary tuberculosis, shall not again be used
 
 —355— 
 
 or occupied after the removal or death of the patient until the 
 same shall have l)een disinfected, under the Supervision of the board 
 of health. 
 
 Sec. 3. Any person who owns, controls, or has charge of a 
 room or apartment that has been occupied by such tuberculosis 
 person and allows the same again to be used or occupied before 
 being disinfected according to section 2, shall be fined not more 
 than fifty dollars. 
 
 Approved by the board of health, December 10. 1901.
 
 —356— 
 
 NEW HAVEN PUBLIC PARKS. 
 
 RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE PARK COMMISSION. 
 
 1. No domestic animals, except dogs, shall be permitted to enter 
 or to go at large in an\- of said parks, either with or without a 
 keeper. Dogs must be held in leash by the owners, otherwise they 
 may be killed by any park-keeper, special constable, or policeman. 
 
 2. No person shall pick any Howers, foliage or fruit, or cut 
 break, dig up, or in any manner mutilate or injure any tree, shrub, 
 plant, grass, turf, railing, seat, fence, structure, or other thing in 
 any of said parks, or cut. carve, paint, mark or paste on an}- tree, 
 stone, fence, wall, building, monument, or other object therein, any 
 bill, advertisement or inscription whatsoever. 
 
 3. No person shall carry or have any fire-arms on any of said 
 parks, and no fire-arms shall be discharged from, or into any of 
 the same. No stone or other missile shall be thrown or rolled from, 
 into, within or upon any of said parks, except in such place as the 
 commission may designate as a ball-field, in playing games in which 
 a ball is used. 
 
 4. No person shall ride or drive on any road within any of said 
 parks at a faster gait than eight miles per hour, and this shall ap- 
 ply to the use of cycles. 
 
 5. No threatening, abusive, boisterous, insulting or indecent 
 language, or gesture shall be used on any of said parks, nor shall 
 any oration, harangue, or other public demonstration be made, un- 
 less by special authority of said commission. 
 
 6. No person shall expose any article or thing for sale on any 
 of said parks, unless licensed therefor by said commission. 
 
 7. No person shall bathe naked or otherwise in any waters in, 
 or adjacent to any of said parks, or be naked within any of said 
 parks, except in such places and subject to such regulations, as 
 the commission may, from time to time, specially designate by a 
 public notice set up for that purpose within the park. 
 
 8. No person, unless by authority of said commission, shall 
 light, kindle, or use any fire on any of said parks. 
 
 9. No person shall ride or drive upon the grass, lawns, or foot- 
 paths of any of said parks.
 
 —357— 
 
 10. No person shall disturb or injure any bird, bird's nest or 
 eggs, or any squirrel or other animal within any of said parks. 
 
 11. No person shall discharge or set off, on or within any of 
 said parks, any fire-crackers, torpedoes, rockets or other fire-works, 
 except by license from said commission. 
 
 12. No person shall dig up or remove any dirt, stones, rock, or 
 other thing, whatsoever, make any excavation, quarry any stone, 
 or lay or set off any blast, or cause or assist in doing any of said 
 things, within any of said parks, without the special order or li- 
 cense of said commission. 
 
 13. No bottles, broken glass, ashes, waste paper, or other rub- 
 bish, shall be left in any of said parks, except at such place or places 
 as may be specially designated by the commission or by a sign 
 marked public dump. 
 
 14. No cart, wagon, dray, truck or other vehicle, carrying lum- 
 ber, stone, brick, or any other goods, merchandise, or articles of 
 freight, or which is commonly used for the carriage thereof, shall 
 except in service of the commission, enter any part of said parks, 
 except such public highways as existed before the same was estab- 
 lished as a park. 
 
 15. No horse shall be hitched to any shrub or tree in any of 
 said parks. 
 
 16. Any person violating either the first, second, fourth, fifth, 
 sixth, seventh, ninth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth or fifteenth of 
 the foregoing rules and regulations, shall forfeit and pay for each 
 offense a penalty of ten dollars. Any person violating any of said 
 rules and regulations shall forfeit and pay for each offense a penalty 
 of twenty dollars. 
 
 17. No automobile or other motor vehicle shall be taken into 
 or driven upon either East Rock Park. West Rock Park or Fort 
 W'ooster Park. 
 
 Any person violating this regulation shall forfeit and pay to the 
 city a penalty of twenty dollars.
 
 INDEX.
 
 I N D KX 
 
 TO 
 
 CHARTER AND ORDINANCES. 
 
 A SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Abatement of nuisances 94 44 
 
 expenses of, how collected 348 269 
 
 taxes 133 
 
 notice of 32 20 
 
 power of Board of Finance 591 338 
 
 Accounts and claims 1-14 151 
 
 accounts to be audited 27 18 
 
 approved by Board of Finance 25 17 
 
 audited monthly by Controller 22 16 
 
 how paid 25 17 
 
 how verified 25 17 
 
 Controller to keep accounts with departments .... 4 152 
 
 what 20 16 
 
 to report quarterly 22 16 
 
 examination by Board of Finance 42 24 
 
 final statement of officer 27 18 
 
 form 21 16 
 
 notice of audit 27 18 
 
 of officers, etc., may be examined, how 12 13 
 
 Acting Mayor, powers of 10 12 
 
 City Clerk, validity of acts of 36 21 
 
 Acts, inconsistent, repeal of 226 94 
 
 public and special, affecting New Haven Appendix 97-146 
 
 Adoption of children 206 86 
 
 Adulterated food '. . 264-276 245-248 
 
 Advertisement of hearings 80 38 
 
 Advertising newspaper 219 232 
 
 rates, regulations 219 232 
 
 Agents of property, how notified 79 38 
 
 town deposit fund 225 93 
 
 Alarms of fire, false, how punishable 2-50 242 
 
 Aldermen, Board of 125 54 
 
 clerk of 36 21
 
 IV — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE? 
 
 Aldermen, IJoard of, elections in, Jiow made 130 56 
 
 meetings of. how called 127 54 
 
 President of, how chosen 12G 54 
 
 to be acting Mayor, when ... 10 11 
 
 quorum of, and how obtained ]"28 55 
 
 to adopt rules of procedure 127 54 
 
 to elect member of Board nf Finance . . 41 23 
 
 how chosen 7 10 
 
 members and how elected 119 
 
 not to be bondsman 63 81 
 
 outside twelve wards 216 92 
 
 punishable for disorderly behavior 127 54 
 
 right to vote in 13th, 14th and 15th wards, when. . 216 92 
 
 terms of 7 10 
 
 (See Board of Aldermen) 39-46 161 
 
 Almshouse, record of inmates 203 85 
 
 when inmates to vote 131 
 
 Superintendent of, appointment 204 86 
 
 to have direction of 205 86 
 
 Ambulances 508 314 
 
 Amusements 15-19 155 
 
 Chief of Police to issue license 15, 16 155 
 
 license fees 313 258 
 
 Animals at large to be impounded 23 157 
 
 cruelty to, power de punishment for 137 63 
 
 dressing in places forbidden 323 264 
 
 dead to be buried 324 264 
 
 feeding of on streets, prohibited 25 158 
 
 impounding of 21-23 157 
 
 impounded, penalty for rescue of 24 158 
 
 not to be fought 282 250 
 
 power de impounding of 137 61 
 
 power de regulating speed of 137 61 
 
 rescue forbidden on way to pound 24 158 
 
 to be securely tethered 25 158 
 
 who may impound 23 157 
 
 Annexation of school districts 116 51 
 
 Annex, police and fire protection in 217 92 
 
 Annual reports of departments and officers 158 70 
 
 Appeals from action of Inspector of Buildings, how taken . . . 180 217 
 
 assessments 33 159 
 
 to be privileged 85 41 
 
 Harbor Commissioners 101 
 
 order for walk, curb or gutter 85 41 
 
 de railroad bridges 134 58 
 
 removal 213 91 
 
 how made in case of removal of officers 12 14
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Appeals from City Court, civil 172 75 
 
 criminal 185 79 
 
 orders of Fire Marshal 246 241 
 
 upon licenses and permits 312 258 
 
 Appendix, acts affecting New Haven 97-146 
 
 Application for licenses 304 255 
 
 as engineer 227 235 
 
 oil license 626 346 
 
 permits 50 166 
 
 to whom addressed 305 255 
 
 Appointees, qualifications of ,. 146 65 
 
 Appointments, null and void, when 120 53 
 
 in Police and Fire Departments 64 32 
 
 power of Court of Common Council de 137 63 
 
 under civil service 119 52 
 
 Apprentices, indenture of 206 86 
 
 Appropriation, annual estimates of 44 24 
 
 Controller's report on 22 16 
 
 Controller to report if bills exceed 5 152 
 
 departments, to be heard on 44 24 
 
 for Department of Education 110 50 
 
 Harbor 99 
 
 library 102 46 
 
 parks 92 43 
 
 receptions, parades, etc 44 25 
 
 relief funds 66 33 
 
 school buildings 110 50 
 
 sprinkling streets power de 137 62 
 
 must be made before improvement is ordered 154 67 
 
 must not exceed estimated income 44 25 
 
 no contract without 154 67 
 
 not to be exceeded by Park Commissioners . . 90 43 
 
 not to be overdrawn 24 17 
 
 notice of hearings to departments 44 24 
 
 powers of Court of Common Council de 44 24 
 
 reported, how changed 44 24 
 
 special, for school grounds and buildings Ill 51 
 
 state, for school purposes 108 50 
 
 to be acted upon, when 44 24 
 
 to be reported to Court of Common Council . . 84 41 
 
 to be used only for purpose named 24 17 
 
 to sinking fund 132 
 
 transfer of, how made 44 25 
 
 validity of, court may inquire 85 41 
 
 Arbitration, appeal to from Building Inspector's acts 180 217 
 
 Board of 180 217 
 
 Arches, key block in centre 105 187
 
 VI — 
 
 SECTION. I'AGE. 
 
 Arms or ammunition must not be sold to child 016 343 
 
 Arrests, duty of police de 197 83 
 
 liy police outside city 197 83 
 
 without warrants 197 83 
 
 Ashes, keeping regulated 257 243 
 
 Assembly halls, plans to be approved 1-V2 205 
 
 Assessments, against railroad companies, how governed .... 105 
 
 for permanent pavement 107 
 
 appeal from 33 159 
 
 papers, how served 85 41 
 
 to be privileged 85 41 
 
 burial grounds exempt 215 230 
 
 duty of City Clerk and Controller de 33,34 160 
 
 for benefits, collectible when 81 39 
 
 improvements, how made 78 38 
 
 pavements, how governed 105 
 
 permanent pavements, act validating 106 
 
 how made and when payable 106 
 
 how adopted 81 39 
 
 altered 31 159 
 
 estimated 80 38 
 
 notice of hearing 79 38 
 
 paid 34 160 
 
 liens for 35, 36 160 
 
 must be published when 81 39 
 
 not to be levied against cemetery associations. . 215 230 
 
 not to exceed cost of improvement 83 40 
 
 notices to be sent out by City Clerk 136 59 
 
 of benefits and damages 31-38.80 159,38 
 
 to remain a lien 83 40 
 
 damages how paid 3 151 
 
 on joint owners of land 84 40 
 
 payment enforced 32 159 
 
 to be collected by Collector 31 159 
 
 when legally deemed to be made 81 39 
 
 for sprinkling streets 136 58 
 
 and liens, interest on 151 67 
 
 taxes, w^arrant for collection of 31 20 
 
 Assessors, Board of, how appointed and constituted 211 89 
 
 duties 211 89 
 
 salary and term of 211 89 
 
 to report exemptions 595 338 
 
 Assistance, citizen required to assist when 198 84 
 
 penalty for refusing 198 84 
 
 Assistant, appointment of 166 71 
 
 City Attorney, how appointed 165 71 
 
 how removed 191 81
 
 Vll — 
 
 SECTION. 
 
 Assistant City Attorney, powers and duties of 191-193 
 
 salary of 171 
 
 City Clerk, bond 36 
 
 duties 36 
 
 salary of 40 
 
 Clerk of City Court, appointment of 165 
 
 powers of 167 
 
 Corporation Counsel, appointment and duties of . . 18 
 
 salary of 40 
 
 to collect unpaid taxes, etc.. 32 
 
 Sealer of Weights and Measures 37 
 
 Associate Judge 166 
 
 City Court 166 
 
 Attorney. City, appointment of 166 
 
 Audit, Controller 22 
 
 of accounts of ofificers, when and how made 27 
 
 Auditing accounts, etc., power of Mayor 12 
 
 Automobile station protection 624 
 
 tanks in 624 
 
 Automobiles, stored in licensed building 624 
 
 use forbidden parks 17 
 
 Awning post 511 
 
 Awnings regulated 511 
 
 wooden forbidden 498 
 
 Aye and nay vote, how ordered 127 
 
 B 
 
 Baggage delivery 434 
 
 prices 432 
 
 stands 423 
 
 to be delivered 430 
 
 Ball game on streets, forbidden 495 
 
 Barn lamp or candle not to be burned 258 
 
 used for dwelling, examined 258 
 
 Bastardy cases in City Court 173 
 
 Bath house management 541 
 
 Bathing, naked in parks, prohibited 7 
 
 naked prohibited 277 
 
 places, Board of Aldermen to designate 277 
 
 Bay window 181 
 
 Beggars, powers de punishment of 137 
 
 Benefits assessed by Board of Aldermen 31 
 
 assessment of 78 
 
 and damages, advertisement of hearings 80 
 
 appeal from 33, 85 
 
 assessment of 31-38 
 
 notices 79 
 
 for pavement 
 
 public work 132 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 81 
 
 73 
 
 21 
 
 21 
 
 23 
 
 71 
 
 72 
 
 16 
 
 23 
 
 20 
 
 22 
 
 71 
 
 71 
 
 71 
 
 16 
 
 18 
 
 13 
 
 345 
 
 345 
 
 345 
 
 357 
 
 315 
 
 315 
 
 313 
 
 54 
 
 296 
 296 
 293 
 215 
 312 
 243 
 243 
 
 75 
 321 
 356 
 249 
 249 
 217 
 
 63 
 159 
 
 37 
 
 38 
 
 159,41 
 
 159 
 
 38 
 105 
 
 57
 
 VIU 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Benefits and damages for sewer 113 
 
 construction 132 57 
 
 referred to Court of Common Council 81 38 
 
 refusal to accept 81 39 
 
 report de, to be published 81 39 
 
 to be apportioned between owners ... 84 40 
 
 to be lien on property 83 40 
 
 to be estimated and reported 80 38 
 
 when legally levied 81 39 
 
 Benzine, manufacture and sale regulated 619 344 
 
 regulations de 619-626 344-347 
 
 Bequests and donations, city may receive 137,162 62,70 
 
 Bicycles and carts on sidewalk, prohibited 512 315 
 
 power de speed of 137 61 
 
 speed of in parks 4 356 
 
 Bids and proposals, how made 156 67 
 
 for contracts 156 67 
 
 to be posted on bulletin 219 232 
 
 Bill posting, regulated 633 348 
 
 Billiard and bowling, power de licensing of 137 62 
 
 Billiards, licenses issued by Chief of Police 15 155 
 
 penalty for keeping 15 155 
 
 Bills, against city, must be approved by Board of Finance . . 25,42 17,24 
 
 audited by Fire Commissioners 285 239 
 
 certified, how 25 17 
 
 Controller must not certify to, when 24 17 
 
 how verified 25 17 
 
 made out 1 151 
 
 Blasphemous or indecent performance, penalty 17 1.56 
 
 Blind, statistics de 206 86 
 
 Board of Aldermen 125 54 
 
 attendance 128 55 
 
 Clerk of 36 21 
 
 Clerk to keep 40 161 
 
 committee to have maps 44 162 
 
 elections in 130 56 
 
 election of 7 10 
 
 in town wards 216 92 
 
 journal of 40 161 
 
 may inquire of departments 42 162 
 
 may remit interest and fees on lien .... 36 160 
 
 meetings of 39,41,127 161,54 
 
 order of and service 43 162 
 
 to be served on party 43 162 
 
 page 128 55 
 
 powers de conveyance licenses 441 297 
 
 president of, how chosen 126 54
 
 IX 
 
 SECTION. 
 
 Board of Aldermen, pre>idcnt of, to be acting Mayor when 10 
 
 powers 137 
 
 punishment of members 127 
 
 quorum 127 
 
 regarding taking of land 78 
 
 regular and special meetings, how called 41 
 
 to adopt rules of procedure 127 
 
 appoint committee to hear claims .. 11 
 
 town officers 361 
 
 weighers, measurers, etc. .. 361,362 
 
 assess benefits -. 31 
 
 authorize contracts 216 
 
 consider appeal from Fire Marshal. . 626 
 
 designate bathing places 277 
 
 elect members of Board of Finance. . 41 
 
 supervisor of boilers 579 
 
 establish building lines 205 
 
 sinking fund 694 
 
 make ordinance 137 
 
 number buildings 2( )7 
 
 permit signs to be erected 511 
 
 refer claim for damages to committee 11 
 
 witnesses before 131 
 
 Arbitration for damaged buildings 180 
 
 Assessors 211 
 
 maps for. how prepared 450 
 
 powers and duties 211 
 
 terms of 211 
 
 Charities and Correction 201-206 
 
 able-bodied persons, furnished shelter, when 202 
 
 annual report of 203 
 
 appointments and removals by 204 
 
 appointment and terms of 201 
 
 care of poor 202 
 
 notice and summons, how served 206 
 
 powers of 206 
 
 de workhouses 206 
 
 superintendent of, how appointed 201 
 
 to employ manager of Springside Home ... 204 
 
 keep record of cases 203 
 
 Civil Service Commissioners, how constituted .... 117 
 
 rules of 118 
 
 terms of 117 
 
 Compensation, clerk of 77 
 
 how constituted and appointed 76 
 
 report of 84 
 
 to assess benefits and damages 78 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 12 
 60 
 54 
 54 
 37 
 161 
 54 
 153 
 273 
 273 
 159 
 231 
 346 
 249 
 23 
 334 
 227 
 338 
 60 
 228 
 314 
 153 
 56 
 217 
 89 
 304 
 89 
 89 
 84 
 85 
 85 
 86 
 84 
 85 
 86 
 86 
 86 
 84 
 86 
 85 
 52 
 52 
 52 
 37 
 36 
 41 
 3Z
 
 X 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 I'loard of Compensalion. Clerk of, to notify property owners 
 
 when 82 39 
 
 report assessments 80 38 
 
 Education 105 48 
 
 appointment of secretary lOG 49 
 
 duties 106 49 
 
 employes exempt from civil service .... 118 52 
 
 may divide into subdistricls 113 51 
 
 president of 106 49 
 
 to have control of funds 108 50 
 
 maintain schools Ill 51 
 
 prepare estimates 109 50 
 
 report 112 51 
 
 vacancies in, how filled . 105 48 
 
 women eligible to 146 65 
 
 Finance 41 23 
 
 and Mayor to prepare rate bill 592 338 
 
 clerk of 35 20 
 
 Controller subject to 19 16 
 
 duties de bonds of officers 155 67 
 
 school funds 108-110 50 
 
 taxes 591 338 
 
 estimates 44 24 
 
 to be sul)mitted to 148 Q6 
 
 expenses of 41 23 
 
 general duties and powers of 41-45 23 
 
 may discount taxes 45 25 
 
 meetings 42 24 
 
 members 43 24 
 
 must recommend transfers 44 24 
 
 not to approve bill for personal damage until G 152 
 in meeting without ma- 
 jority present 6 152 
 
 without items and date 1 151 
 
 power de special tax 591 338 
 
 registrars' assistants 208 87 
 
 reports of, published, when 44 24 
 
 to adj ust claims 6 152 
 
 appropriate for concerts, parades, etc. 44 24 
 
 funds for library 102 46 
 
 parks 92 43 
 
 school funds 110 50 
 
 approve bills 25 17 
 
 salaries, etc 157 69 
 
 salaries of health officer, etc. 95 45 
 
 borrow money 45 25 
 
 direct deposit of funds 29 19 
 
 examine claims, etc 42 24
 
 XI — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Board of Finance to fix salaries of Assessors' clerks 'ill 90 
 
 Board of Compensation 7(1 37 
 
 clerks 77 37 
 
 tax rate 44 24 
 
 instruct Controller in order of payment 8 152 
 
 levy school tax 1 lU 50 
 
 regulate office, hours, when 26 18 
 
 Town Clerk's assistants 207 87 
 
 Fire Commissioners, auditing bills 235 239 
 
 designate temporary chief. . 238 239 
 
 how appointed and terms of 55 29 
 
 meetings 235 239 
 
 powers and duties of 237 239 
 
 to provide fire alarm telegraph 237 239 
 
 Harbor Commissioners, appeal from acts of 101 
 
 how appointed and terms of 97 
 
 how composed 100 
 
 powers and duties of ... . 97 
 
 power to remove obstructions 101 
 
 Health, appointment and terms of office 93 44 
 
 duties 94 44 
 
 jurisdiction of 94 44 
 
 may clean or abolish house 355 271 
 
 examine milk premises 269 247 
 
 wagon, etc 271 247 
 
 nuisances 346 269 
 
 gas works 349 269 
 
 in case of spread of contagious disease 97 45 
 
 appoint health officers 95 45 
 
 rules to be published 94 44 
 
 to abate nuisances 94 44 
 
 abolish cesspools and privies 330 266 
 
 issue license for carting whitefish, ofifal, 
 
 etc 320-322 264 
 
 keeping cattle, etc. . . . 337 267 
 
 public funerals, when 293 253 
 
 milk licenses 267 246 
 
 what licenses 305 255 
 
 license night soil men 331,332 266 
 
 plumbers 375 277 
 
 slaughter houses 339 268 
 
 receive police assistance 96 45 
 
 regulate sale of food 94 44 
 
 Highways 132 56 
 
 Library Directors, may appoint necessary employes 101 46 
 
 appointment and terms of 99 45 
 
 Park Commissioners (see Park Commission).
 
 Xll — 
 
 SECTION. TAGE. 
 
 Board of Police Coiuniissioncrs 48 26 
 
 duties 400 284 
 
 to designate voting places. 220 233 
 
 keep list of property . . 406 287 
 record of breaches 
 
 of ordinances .. . 407 287 
 
 Relief 212 90 
 
 powers and duties 212 90 
 
 term and salary of 212 90 
 
 Supervisors of steam boilers, to appoint inspector 581 334 
 
 how chosen 579 334 
 
 to grant permission 
 
 to set boilers.... 583 335 
 
 make rules 580 334 
 
 Boilers, certificates of inspection 588 336 
 
 engineers to be responsible 587 336 
 
 inspection of by companies 588,590 336,337 
 
 inspector, how appointed 581 334 
 
 duties of 582 335 
 
 to issue what licenses 305 256 
 
 supervisor of, how chosen 579 334 
 
 steam, power de regulation of 137 60 
 
 Bonds, and deeds to be signed by Mayor 11 12 
 
 for bridges authorized Ill 
 
 city officers, city to pay for 155 67 
 
 floating indebtedness 118 
 
 liquor dealers, not to be given by officers 139 68 
 
 pavements 104 
 
 prosecution of charges 142 65 
 
 school house 110 
 
 sewerage IIG 
 
 forfeited 183 78 
 
 form of 155 67 
 
 how drafted 356 272 
 
 in criminal cases, who may take 188 80 
 
 issued only by order of board of aldermen 216 231 
 
 not to be given for contracts by city officers 139 63 
 
 of Assistant City Clerk 36 21 
 
 City Attorney and Assistant 193 82 
 
 Clerk 35 21 
 
 Clerk of City Court 167 72 
 
 Collector 34 20 
 
 Controller 26 18 
 
 Director of Public Works 73 35 
 
 Policemen 402 285 
 
 Registrar of vital statistics 208 88 
 
 Sinking fund commissioners 159 70
 
 XIU 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Bonds of Superintendent of charities 201 85 
 
 Town Clerk 207 87 
 
 Treasurer 28 19 
 
 on contracts 156 67 
 
 or notes, order for payment 25 17 
 
 power to require when 137 62 
 
 signed by 218 231 
 
 Bondsman, certain parties not to act 63 31 
 
 Bones, conveyance for 322 264 
 
 license for transporting 321 264 
 
 Bonfire regulated '. 261 248 
 
 Bootblack 603 341 
 
 Borrowing 45 25 
 
 of money, how authorized 218 231 
 
 Borough of Fair Haven East 223 93 
 
 Boundaries 1 5 
 
 Bowling alleys and billiards, power de licensing of 137 62 
 
 penalty for keeping 15 153 
 
 Brass knuckles forbidden 283 250 
 
 Bribery, penalty 163 70 
 
 Brick not to be used in sidewalks 517 316 
 
 used in building 55 168 
 
 Bridges appeal from order 134 58 
 
 bonds authorized 112 
 
 construction of, engineer to superintend 76 37 
 
 director of public works to have charge of 74 35 
 
 draw, to be kept closed, when 484 311 
 
 duties of town de, transferred to city 200 84 
 
 how constructed 76 35 
 
 layout to be referred to department of public works 78 38 
 
 railroad companies to clear walks on 577 333 
 
 regulations de 568 332 
 
 supervision of 134 58 
 
 Buildings, aisles to be kept free from chairs, etc 151 205 
 
 arbitration on 180 217 
 
 area retaining walls to I)e built 62 171 
 
 bolting iron or steel work 122 194 
 
 cellars to be connected with sewers, when 71 174 
 
 chimneys, fireplaces, etc., in 155, 156 206 
 
 court of common council's powers de 57 30 
 
 damaged, regulations de rebuilding 180 217 
 
 defacing 278 249 
 
 elevators, etc., regulations de 166 211 
 
 fees for permit 54 168 
 
 fire district ". 56 168 
 
 escapes, regulations de 185 220 
 
 marshal to report 57 30
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Buildings, fireproof 104 18G 
 
 height 104 186 
 
 injury to 208 228 
 
 inspection of, Fire Marshal's duty 57 30 
 
 inspector of 48 165 
 
 duties de unsafe buildings 57 30 
 
 general powers and duties of 48 165 
 
 how appointed and qualifications of .... 57 30 
 
 order final when 193 224 
 
 salary of 57 30 
 
 to issue permits, when 50 166 
 
 report violations to City Attorney . . 42 165 
 
 license fees 313 258 
 
 lines 205 227 
 
 assessment for 78 38 
 
 estimate of cost 80 38 
 
 how established 206 228 
 
 penalty for non-observance 207 228 
 
 material in street, permit for 54 168 
 
 moving 202 226 
 
 numbering of 206 228 
 
 ordinances, fire marshal to enforce 57 30 
 
 violations to be reported to Mayor 57 30 
 
 on piles 70 173 
 
 owner of liable for use of unlicensed show 16 155 
 
 permit revocation 201 226 
 
 permits canceled, when 201 226 
 
 fire marshal to issue 57 30 
 
 to last six months 206 228 
 
 power of city de construction and use of 137 60 
 
 de protection against 137 60 
 
 public director to have charge of 74 35 
 
 scope of ordinance 47 165 
 
 to be kept clean 336 267 
 
 unsafe, duty of Fire Department 55 29 
 
 violations, penalties 204 227 
 
 Bulletin board in City Hall 219 232 
 
 Bulkheads construction 171 213 
 
 Bureau of compensation 76 37 
 
 Engineering, powers and duties of 76 37 
 
 sewers, powers of 76 36 
 
 street, powers of 76 36 
 
 Bureaus in Public Works department 76 36 
 
 heads of, how appointed and removed . . 75 36 
 
 Burial grounds, climbing over fence 210 229 
 
 monument 210 229 
 
 damage in driving faster than walk 211 230
 
 XV — 
 
 SECTION. I'AGE. 
 
 Burial grounds, director to keep corrected chart 214 230 
 
 exempted from assessment 215 230 
 
 making disturbance 212 230 
 
 rubbish on lot 209 229 
 
 Burials, power de regulation of 137 62 
 
 By-laws, etc., to be printed before passed 129 55 
 
 hearing on before adoption 129 55 
 
 penalties for violation, how collected 183 78 
 
 c 
 
 Candidates for office not to give or receive presents, etc. ... 139 63 
 
 Capias, issuance of 131 56 
 
 Captains and sergeants of police, how appointed 47 26 
 
 Carpets not to be beaten on street or square 494 312 
 
 shaken in street 494 312 
 
 Carriages, power de fees and licenses for 137 61 
 
 prices 431 295 
 
 public (see public conveyances) 
 
 stands 423-427 293,294 
 
 to be numbered 417 290 
 
 to post ordinance 417 291 
 
 Cars, animals or vehicles not to stop on crosswalks 506 313 
 
 Mayor to designate where stand 507 314 
 
 not to obstruct travel 507 314 
 
 speed of 568 332 
 
 carts and bicycles on sidewalks prohibited 512 315 
 
 cast iron columns 110 189 
 
 Catch-basins, injury to 465 307 
 
 private, regulations 458 306 
 
 throwing substances into 466 307 
 
 Cattle and swine, keeping of prohibited without license .... 337 267 
 
 license for keeping 337 267 
 
 not to go at large 20 157 
 
 Celebrations, appropriations 44 25 
 
 Cellar doors and doorways, regulations de 518,519 817 
 
 regulated 518 317 
 
 Cemetery associations not to be assessed, when 215 230 
 
 driving in, regulations 211 230 
 
 dumping of rubbish prohibited 209 229 
 
 improper entry of 210 229 
 
 Certificates of liens to be recorded 83 40 
 
 when filed 83 40 
 
 nominations 147 66 
 
 Cesspools and catch-basins, regulations 453-456 305 
 
 drains, regulations de 344 268 
 
 forbidden in street 458 306 
 
 time for cleaning of 333 266 
 
 Chairman of committees, powers of 131 56
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Charcoal, how measured COO 341 
 
 Charges against city officers, how made 139,213 G3,90 
 
 members of police and fire departments .... 00 31 
 police and fire departments. 
 
 how made 65 32 
 
 officer, how served 12 13 
 
 for removal of official, must he in writing 12 13 
 
 Charities and Corrections, appointments 204 86 
 
 Board of 201-206 84 
 
 department of, duties de poor . . . 202 85 
 
 estimates 203 85 
 
 notice and summons, how served 206 86 
 
 power of selectmen 206 86 
 
 powers de workhouses 206 86 
 
 record of cause of destitute 204 86 
 
 relief to outside poor 205 86 
 
 report 202 85 
 
 to employ manager of Spring- 
 side Home 204 86 
 
 Charter, effect 226 94 
 
 violation of, cause for removal from office 139 63 
 
 Checks to be drawn by City Clerk 25 17 
 
 Chief of Fire Department 55 29 
 
 duties 60 31 
 
 and powers of 238 239 
 
 duty de hydrants 254 242 
 
 etc. to give special license when . . 611 342 
 
 may arrest at fire 240 240 
 
 destroy property 239 239 
 
 powers during fire 239 239 
 
 to be in command during fire . . . 239 239 
 
 keep certain records 238 239 
 
 make report to Board 238 239 
 
 Chief of Police Department, duties 60 31 
 
 duties 405 286 
 
 Mayor to appoint 49 26 
 
 may permit the carrying of weapons 283 250 
 
 salary 50 27 
 
 to suppress riots 198 84 
 
 to be notified of claim for damages 12 151 
 
 call assistance 198 84 
 
 enter suspected house 198 84 
 
 issue what licenses 305 255 
 
 keep an ordinance book 407 287 
 
 license billiard tables and bowling alleys 15 155 
 
 bootblacks and revoke same .... 603 341 
 
 procure evidence for corporation counsel 12 153 
 
 regulate carriage stands 424 293
 
 XVll — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE, 
 
 Chimneys, built of brick or stone 153 206 
 
 cleaning regulated 257 243 
 
 flues to be smooth 154 206 
 
 foundation for 155 206 
 
 foundry 155 206 
 
 height 155 206 
 
 openings at the bottom 153 206 
 
 'Cigars not to be used in barn 258 243 
 
 'Circus 16 155 
 
 City funds, how deposited 29 19 
 
 government, extension of -. 218 92 
 
 meeting, who may vote 5 10 
 
 Citizen to give assistance to police 198 84 
 
 City and Town, consolidation of 218 92 
 
 'City Attorney 165 71 
 
 bond, how taken 188 80 
 
 bonds of 193 82 
 
 collect forfeited bonds 193 82 
 
 grand j uror 191 81 
 
 collect penalty 192 82 
 
 office hours 170 73 
 
 oath of 191 81 
 
 penalty for neglect of duty 191 81 
 
 power of 191 81 
 
 power to sue for penalties 183 78 
 
 removal 191 81 
 
 salary of 171 73 
 
 special bond , 193 82 
 
 to collect forfeiture 14 154 
 
 penalties 183,369 78,275 
 
 to pay all sums collected to Treasurer 14 152 
 
 prosecute violations of park rules 88 43 
 
 City Clerk, Assistant 36 21 
 
 authorized to administer oaths 25 18 
 
 bond of 35 20 
 
 duties 35 20 
 
 duty in matter of claims against city 11,12 153 
 
 regarding ordinances 374 276 
 
 record of officials 374 276 
 
 salary of 40 23 
 
 to compare damages and benefits and certify . . 3 151 
 
 devote entire time to city 35 20 
 
 draw order 25 18 
 
 on treasurer 9 152 
 
 endorse failure of Mayor to act 11 13 
 
 keep record of bonds 216 231 
 
 nominations to be filed with 147 66
 
 City CIlmIv [o lunify City Engineer of defects in streets . 
 controller of assessment of damages 
 
 officials of appeal 
 
 nnmber all orders 
 
 pnhlish notices of assessments 
 
 ordinances 
 
 record certificates of election 
 
 contracts, deeds, etc 
 
 result of election 
 
 send notice of assessments 
 
 to those affected by orders 
 
 when chosen 
 
 City Court 
 
 appeal in civil cause , 
 
 appeals 
 
 appeal from, in criminal cases 
 
 appointments by Judge 
 
 breach of ordinances- 
 
 capias 
 
 city sheriff 
 
 civil jurisdiction 
 
 commitments 
 
 costs in civil cases 
 
 criminal jurisdiction 
 
 criminal process, how served 
 
 forms in civil cases 
 
 interpreters 
 
 criminal session 
 
 drawing jury 
 
 fees, etc., to be paid into city treasury 
 
 fines and sentences, limit of 
 
 Judge of Common Pleas, to act, when 
 
 jurisdiction of all cases under $100 
 
 jurors, how chosen 
 
 jury claiming • 
 
 limitation of, powers of 
 
 may suspend judgment when 
 
 no criminal jury 
 
 number of jury 180,181 
 
 no power to issue certain writs 
 
 office hours of Attorney 
 
 officers must be resident-electors of city 
 
 officers to attend 
 
 officials of. not to act in, when 
 
 policemen not to receive fees 
 
 powers of Associate Judge 
 
 process, form of 
 
 SECTION. 
 
 PAGE, 
 
 12 
 
 153 
 
 U 
 
 160 
 
 33 
 
 159 
 
 9 
 
 152- 
 
 81 
 
 39' 
 
 35 
 
 20 
 
 221 
 
 23a 
 
 217 
 
 231 
 
 221 
 
 233 
 
 136 
 
 59 
 
 43 
 
 162 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 164 
 
 71 
 
 172 
 
 74r 
 
 184 
 
 78- 
 
 185 
 
 79- 
 
 165 
 
 71 
 
 186 
 
 79- 
 
 188 
 
 80 
 
 182 
 
 7g 
 
 172 
 
 74 
 
 196 
 
 83 
 
 176 
 
 76 
 
 185 
 
 79 
 
 194 
 
 8? 
 
 174 
 
 76- 
 
 
 10f> 
 
 188 
 
 80 
 
 180 
 
 77 
 
 168 
 
 72 
 
 185 
 
 79- 
 
 166 
 
 71 
 
 176 
 
 76 
 
 180 
 
 77 
 
 179 
 
 77 
 
 172 
 
 74 
 
 189 
 
 80 
 
 188 
 
 80 
 
 180,181 
 
 77 
 
 172 
 
 74 
 
 170 
 
 73 
 
 165 
 
 71 
 
 195 
 
 83 
 
 165 
 
 71 
 
 405 
 
 286 
 
 166 
 
 71 
 
 174 
 
 76
 
 — XIX — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 City Court, process, service of 178 77 
 
 removal of causes from 1""2 74 
 
 civil action 1<'-^ "4 
 
 return of writ 178 77 
 
 rules of practice 175 76 
 
 salaries • 171 73 
 
 service of writ 178 77 
 
 stenographers 171 73, lOi) 
 
 taxable costs 190 81 
 
 term 177 77 
 
 to have jurisdiction over park rule violations .... 88 42 
 
 warrants, how issued 188 80 
 
 witness fees 190 81 
 
 City elections, police commissioners' powers 52 27 
 
 power de warning and regulation of 137 63 
 
 City Engineer 76 37 
 
 appointment and salary of 75 36 
 
 duties 76,450 37,304 
 
 to lay map of public improvements before 
 
 committee 32 159 
 
 prepare plans for sewers 454 305 
 
 map of place where damage oc- 
 curred 12 153 
 
 serve Park Commissioners 91 43 
 
 superintend laying pavements 108 
 
 City of New Haven, incorporation of 2 5 
 
 limits of 1 5 
 
 may take land for school purposes . . . 114 51 
 
 powers of town 200 84 
 
 rights, powers and privileges of 2 5 
 
 City laborers, nine hours to constitute a day 561 329 
 
 City officers, chosen, when and term of 6 10 
 
 election 220 233 
 
 must be resident-electors of city 146 65 
 
 payment of 45 25 
 
 prosecution of 143 65 
 
 to hold but one position 161 70 
 
 salaries of 40 23 
 
 when must be nominated 147 66 
 
 City officials to keep offices open 367 274 
 
 Sheriff, duties of 38,182 22,7S 
 
 salary of 40 23 
 
 Year book, who shall compile 36 21 
 
 Civil jurisdiction of City Court 172 74 
 
 process, sheriff may serve 38 22 
 
 service controller accountable for salary 120 53
 
 XX 
 
 SECTION. 
 
 Civil service examinations 124 
 
 offenses 121 
 
 rules, who exempt from 118 
 
 secretary 122 
 
 duties 123 
 
 to govern police appointments 47 
 
 treasurer exempt from 28 
 
 Board 117 
 
 duties 118 
 
 expenses, how paid 117 
 
 penalty for violation of 121 
 
 term of 117 
 
 to give certificates 119 
 
 prescribe rules 118 
 
 Claim, City Clerk to draw order 25 
 
 Controller to certify 25 
 
 for damages. City Clerk to certify if notice was not 
 
 given 11 
 
 not to be paid except on opinion of cor- 
 poration coimsel 13 
 
 to be referred to committee 11 
 
 indebtedness deducted 25 
 
 payment to be withheld if party indebted to city .... 7 
 
 to be approved by Corporation Counsel 2 
 
 verified by oath 25 
 
 Claims against City for damages, notice of procedure 12 
 
 not to be certified to by Controller, 
 
 when 24 
 
 power de adjustment and payment of . . 137 
 
 to be examined by Board of Finance ... 42 
 
 numbered and entered on books . . 25 
 
 Classification of expenses, by Board of Finance 44 
 
 Qeaning and repairing of streets, etc 76 
 
 Clerical assistance 157 
 
 Director may appoint 77 
 
 Clerk, and Controller, to pay executions 25 
 
 assistant (See Assistant Clerk) 
 
 of Board of Aldermen 36 
 
 Finance 35 
 
 Health 95 
 
 Bureau of Compensation 77 
 
 City (See City Clerk) 
 
 City Court, appointment 165 
 
 bond 167 
 
 duties and powers 167 
 
 in criminal records 169 
 
 office hours 170 
 
 PAGE. 
 54 
 
 53 
 62 
 53 
 53 
 26 
 19 
 52 
 52 
 52 
 53 
 52 
 52 
 52 
 17 
 17 
 
 153 
 
 154 
 153 
 
 17 
 152 
 151 
 
 17 
 153 
 
 17 
 60 
 24 
 17 
 24 
 36 
 69 
 37 
 17 
 
 21 
 20 
 45 
 37 
 
 71 
 72 
 72 
 73 
 73
 
 SECTION. PAGE, 
 
 . Clerk of City Court, salarj- of 171 73 
 
 to give bonds 167 72 
 
 Fire Department 72 35 
 
 Lamp Committee 363 274 
 
 Police Department 72 35 
 
 Public Works, powers and duties 449 303 
 
 to keep records 449 303 
 
 town (See Town Clerk) 
 
 Clerks, employment of 157 69 
 
 Coal hole not to be left open 520 317 
 
 houses in fire district .' 181 217 
 
 not to be taken from cart in transit 599 340 
 
 remain on streets 482 310 
 
 pounds in ton 596 340 
 
 provisions for weighing 639 350 
 
 weighing 597 340 
 
 Collection of Taxes, power de 137 60 
 
 warrant for 31 20 
 
 Collector Bonds 34 20 
 
 deposit with treasurer 33 20 
 
 duties 3133 19 
 
 election of 6 10 
 
 money paid to 33 20 
 
 salary 31 20 
 
 to be furnished certificate of taxes abated 593 338 
 
 countersign and record licenses 31 20 
 
 make daily deposits 33 20 
 
 receive assessments 31 19 
 
 fees for licenses 31,307 19,257 
 
 money for sidewalks, gutters, cleaning 
 
 snow, etc 564 330 
 
 notice of abatements 32 20 
 
 rate bill warrant 592 338 
 
 record lien 35 160 
 
 record liens for foreclosure 37 160 
 
 uncollected taxes 32 20 
 
 see that certificate is recorded 38 160 
 
 sign certificate of lien 31,38 20,100 
 
 when chosen 6 10 
 
 Columns, cast iron 110 189 
 
 double Ill 190 
 
 for party walls 112 191 
 
 iron or steel 110 189 
 
 plates on top 113 191 
 
 shoes, under 110 189 
 
 wrought iron 109 189'
 
 XXH 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Compensation, Board of. hearing by 80 38 
 
 how constituted and salaries of. ... 7G 37 
 
 Bureau 76 37 
 
 assessments by 78 37 
 
 clerk of 77 37 
 
 to estimate cost and report assessments 80 38 
 for members of Fire Department, how deter- 
 mined 55 29 
 
 taking land for streets, parks, etc 135 58 
 
 notices, how served 79 38 
 
 of members of Police Department 50 27 
 
 officers, power de regulation of 137 03 
 
 Sealer of Weights and Measures 37 21 
 
 Competitive examinations, notice of 124 54 
 
 Complaint against City officers, how drawn' and served .... 140 64 
 
 Commerce, power de regulation of 137 62 
 
 Commission for paving 107 
 
 on Public Memorials 137 
 
 Commissions, contracts by 156 67 
 
 members to serve on but one 161 70 
 
 power to remove 65 32 
 
 Commissioners exempt from civil service 118 52 
 
 must confirm suspensions 60 31 
 
 not to be bondsman 63 31 
 
 of compensation 76 37 
 
 departments, may retire officer, how .... 69 34 
 
 to be trustees of relief funds 68 34 
 
 heat and light buildings. . 59 30 
 
 prescribe rules 59 30 
 
 Commissioners of Fire Department (See Fire Commissioners) 
 Police Department (See Fire Commissioners) 
 Public Parks (See Park Commissioners) 
 
 Sinking Funds 159 70,132 
 
 Commitment of insane, indigents, etc 206 86 
 
 to Connecticut School for Boys, etc 206 86 
 
 jail, workhouse, etc 196 83 
 
 Committee of Board of Aldermen to have maps 44 160 
 
 Claims, meetings, sheriff to serve notices .... 38 22 
 
 to notify parties to appear 11 154 
 
 Common Pleas Court, Judge to order notices 79 38 
 
 Concealed weapons forbidden 283 250 
 
 Concert, public to be licensed 16 153 
 
 saloon 279 249 
 
 Concerts, appropriation for, how made 44 25 
 
 Concrete used in building 55 166
 
 XXlll 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Condemnation of land for park purposes 90 43 
 
 ])roceedings for school purposes 114 51 
 
 wharf privileges 132 5(5 
 
 Connecticut Industrial School for Girls 196 83 
 
 School for Boys, to receive those committed. .. . 196 83 
 
 Connections with sewers, etc., power to require 137 62 
 
 Consent, unanimous required, when 129 55 
 
 Conservators, etc., power of Board of Charities de 206 86 
 
 Consolidation act 200-225 84 
 
 of outlying wards, how accomplished 218 92 
 
 school districts, how accomplished 116 5l 
 
 Constables' duties 209 88 
 
 election of 209 88 
 
 removal 412 288 
 
 special 365 274 
 
 how appointed 47 26 
 
 power de appointment of 137 63 
 
 to wear badge 366 274 
 
 Contagious diseases 284-297 251-253 
 
 care of clothing 294 253 
 
 defined 285 251 
 
 duty of Board of Health 97 45 
 
 no public funeral 293 253 
 
 notice to be posted 296 253 
 
 patient not to attend school 290 252 
 
 be removed 289 252 
 
 to come into city 291 252 
 
 to be isolated 292 253 
 
 places to be disinfected 295 253 
 
 private hospital forbidden 284 251 
 
 report of death 287 252 
 
 by others 288 252 
 
 to be reported 286 251 
 
 Contractors, bonds for, not to be given by City officers 139 64 
 
 liable when 156 67 
 
 prohibiting, from giving gifts, etc 139 64 
 
 Contracts acceptance 156 67 
 
 advertised 156 67 
 
 bids to be opened publicly 156 68 
 
 by departments and officers 156 69 
 
 certified check required 156 69 
 
 City, power to regulate form of 137 60 
 
 Controller not to certify, when 24 17 
 
 etc., to be drafted by Corporation Counsel 356 272 
 
 executed in triplicate 156 69 
 
 expenditures in excess of $250 must be by 156 68 
 
 forfeit for failure to execute 156 69
 
 XXIV — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Contracts, form 156 68. 
 
 issued only by order of Board of Aldermen 216 231 
 
 members of City government ineligible as bonds- 
 men 63 31 
 
 must be approved by Corporation Counsel 156 68' 
 
 in writing 156 68 
 
 sealed bids 156 68 
 
 not binding unless 120,217 53,231 
 
 to be awarded to whom 156 69 
 
 of department of Public Works, how kept 449 304 
 
 record to be kept 217 231 
 
 to be acted upon by Court of Common Council, 
 
 when 156 68" 
 
 printed in Year book 217 231 
 
 signed by Mayor 11 12' 
 
 unpaid, account of 23 17 
 
 Controller, bonds 26 18' 
 
 duties 19-27 16 
 
 liable for money unlawfully paid 120 53 
 
 may inspect library bills, etc 102 47 
 
 member of Board of Finance 41 23 
 
 office 26 18- 
 
 payment of salary under civil service 120 53 
 
 salary of '. 40 23 
 
 to approve bonds on contracts 156 68 
 
 audit accounts 27 IS' 
 
 treasurer's accounts daily 22 16 
 
 countersign bonds 218 231 
 
 enter assessments in book and transmit to 
 
 collector 34 160 
 
 furnish license blanks, for licenses, etc 303 255 
 
 keep certain books . . . ' 4 152 
 
 pay claims as instructed by Board of Finance 8 152 
 
 provide for licenses 303 255 
 
 report quarterly 22 16 
 
 to Board of Finance if approved bills 
 
 exceed appropriation 5 152 
 
 sign notes or obligations 218 231 
 
 when chosen and term of 6 10 
 
 Conveyances, license fees 313 261 
 
 public power de licensing of 137 61 
 
 (See public conveyances.) 
 
 Cornices construction 172 214 
 
 Coroner, to be assisted by police 403 285 
 
 Corporation of New Haven, limits of 1 5.
 
 XXV 
 
 Corporation Counsel 
 
 SECTION. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 15 
 
 14 
 
 17 
 
 15 
 
 18 
 
 16 
 
 40 
 
 23 
 
 357 
 
 272 
 
 359 
 
 273 
 
 17 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 14 
 
 11 
 
 153 
 
 156 
 
 68 
 
 2 
 
 149 
 
 360 
 
 273 
 
 14 
 
 154 
 
 27 
 
 18 
 
 348 
 
 269 
 
 356 
 
 272 
 
 14 
 
 154 
 
 Assistance 
 
 Assistant 
 
 salary of 
 
 duties 
 
 expenses allowed 
 
 office 
 
 qualifications 
 
 to appear before committee on claims 
 
 approve contracts 
 
 judgment .....' 
 
 be notified of claim of City 
 
 bring all suits 
 
 collect balance due from officer or 
 
 surety 
 
 expense 
 
 draft all papers 
 
 foreclose lien 
 
 investigate claim for personal dam- 
 ages 11 153 
 
 notify City Clerk of withdrawal of 
 
 appeal 
 
 Controller of payment 
 
 pay all sums to treasurer 
 
 try appeals for benefits and damages 
 
 watch State Legislature 
 
 Corruption, etc., cause for removal from office 
 
 Costs of appeal from assessment, how taxed 
 
 taxation of, in City Court 
 
 in trial upon charges 
 
 Councilmen, Board abolished 
 
 Counsel, additional may be employed 
 
 County Health Officer no jurisdiction in town 
 
 Court of Common Council 125-138 
 
 action on appropriations 
 
 aye and nay vote in 
 
 buildings 
 
 duties of town 
 
 elections in 
 
 how composed . 
 
 may make assessments 
 
 divide wards 
 
 increase salaries of officers 
 secure opinions of Corpora- 
 tion Counsel 
 
 Mayor to approve acts of 
 
 33 
 
 160 
 
 14 
 
 154 
 
 14 
 
 154 
 
 33 
 
 160 
 
 358 
 
 273 
 
 139 
 
 63 
 
 85 
 
 41 
 
 190 
 
 81 
 
 142 
 
 65 
 
 
 119 
 
 17 
 
 15 
 
 94 
 
 45 
 
 138 
 
 54 
 
 44 
 
 24 
 
 127 
 
 54 
 
 57 
 
 30 
 
 219 
 
 93 
 
 130 
 
 56 
 
 
 119 
 
 31 
 
 157 
 
 4 
 
 10 
 
 40 
 
 23 
 
 16 
 
 15 
 
 125 
 
 54
 
 SECTION. 
 
 Court of Common Council, meetings of, power de warning of 137 
 
 members of, ineligible for bonds- 
 men 63 
 
 not to order improvements until 
 
 appropriation is made 154 
 
 orders to be executed by Direc- 
 tor of Public Works 74 
 
 ordinances 137, 138 
 
 quorum of and how obtained . . . 127,128 
 
 special meetings of 11 
 
 power de bridges 132 
 
 railroad 134 
 
 buildings 133 
 
 election 9 
 
 paving streets 132 
 
 sewers, gutters, etc. . . 132 
 
 sidewalks 82 
 
 sprinkling streets 136 
 
 squares, parks, etc. . . . 132 
 
 streets 132 
 
 taking land 135 
 
 walks 132 
 
 wharves and docks . . . 132 
 to compel attendance of 
 
 members 128 
 
 powers concerning lamps 58 
 
 to act on contracts, when 156 
 
 adopt rules 127 
 
 appoint assistant city clerk ... 36 
 
 officers not named . . . 214 
 
 approve appropriations 44 
 
 park rules 88 
 
 assess for street sprinkling . . . 136 
 
 make appropriations, when . . 44 
 
 provide for building inspector 57 
 
 regulate contracts 156 
 
 transfer appropriation 44 
 
 Criminal aiding » 411 
 
 jurisdiction of City Court 185 
 
 process service 194 
 
 Crosswalks, cars and vehicles not to stop on 506 
 
 director to construct 446 
 
 horse not to be left on 503 
 
 not to obstruct 506 
 
 vehicles not to stand near 427 
 
 or horses not to be left on 503 
 
 PAGE. 
 63 
 
 31 
 
 67 
 
 36 
 60 
 54 
 12 
 56 
 58 
 57 
 11 
 56 
 56 
 39 
 58 
 56 
 56 
 58 
 56 
 56 
 
 55 
 
 28 
 
 68 
 
 54 
 
 21 
 
 91 
 
 24 
 
 42 
 
 58 
 
 24 
 
 30 
 
 68 
 
 24 
 
 288 
 
 79 
 
 82 
 
 313 
 
 303 
 
 313 
 
 313 
 
 294 
 
 313
 
 XXVll — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Curbs and gutters, etc., Supt. of Streets to lay, when 82 39 
 
 construction or repair 82 39 
 
 D 
 
 Damaged buildings 180 217 
 
 Damages against city, procedure 11 153 
 
 appeal from 85 41 
 
 assessment of 78 38 
 
 how paid 3 151 
 
 claim for (see Claims). 
 
 payable, to be included in assessments 83 40 
 
 report de, to be published 81 38 
 
 personal, not to be paid, unless city is legally liable 13 154 
 
 when 6 152 
 
 to be deposited with City Treasurer 81 39 
 
 paid after benefits are deducted 3 151 
 
 whom payable 81 39 
 
 and benefits, appeal from 33 159 
 
 assessment of 31-38 159 
 
 to be estimated and reported 80 38 
 
 Dance public to be licensed 16 155 
 
 Dangerous buildings 192 223 
 
 Day nine hours 561 329 
 
 Dead animal to be buried 324 264 
 
 Deaf, dumb and blind, statistics de 206 86 
 
 Debtor to city not to be paid 7 154 
 
 Debts of town assumed by city 215 91 
 
 Deed issued only by Board of Aldermen 216 231 
 
 Deeds and bonds to be signed by Mayor 11 12 
 
 how drafted 356 272 
 
 Department accounts. Controller to keep 20 16 
 
 property controlled by Commissioners 59 30 
 
 supplies, power to purchase 157 69 
 
 of Charities and Corrections 2U1 84 
 
 (See Charities and Corrections.) 
 Education (see Board of Education). 
 
 Finance, powers and duties of 41-45 23 
 
 (See Board of Finance.) 
 
 Fire 54 29 
 
 and police, applicants for, how examined 118 52 
 of fire service (see Fire Department). 
 
 Parks 86 41 
 
 (See Parks and Park Commissioners.) 
 
 Police 46 26 
 
 (See Police Department.) 
 
 Public Health, powers and duties of 93-97 44 
 
 (See Board of Health.)
 
 XXVlll 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Department Public Library 98-103- 45 
 
 Works 73 35 
 
 bureaus of 7G 36 
 
 to furnish titles of owners of 
 
 property 77 37 
 
 (See Director of Public Works.) 
 
 Departments, annual reports of 158 70 
 
 heads of to confer 11 12 
 
 must answer inquiry of Board of Aldermen ... 42 162 
 
 power to employ clerks 157 69 
 
 to make estimates 148 Q6 
 
 Detective bureau 47 26 
 
 Director of Public Works, care of lost property 448 803 
 
 consent of, necessary for removal 
 
 of buildings 202 226 
 
 duties 447 303 
 
 de railroads 566 331 
 
 walks and gutters dur- 
 ing building 199 225 
 
 duty de restoring of pavements, 
 
 etc 475,476 309 
 
 powers and duties 446,447 303 
 
 de gas leaks 349 269 
 
 to abate nuisances 347 269 
 
 approve removals 76 36 
 
 certify bills 446 303 
 
 construct crosswalks 446 303 
 
 erect fences, when 492 312 
 
 have care of streets, sewers, 
 
 bridges and public grounds 74 35 
 have charge of cleaning, re- 
 pairing, etc., of streets 74 35 
 
 issue license for watering 
 
 pavements 531 319 
 
 issue permits for opening 
 
 streets 470,471 308 
 
 issue what licenses 305 260 
 
 keep time-books, files, etc 447 303 
 
 i license plumbers 375 277 
 
 make connections, when 469 308 
 
 notify owner of violations . . . 199 225 
 
 repair sidewalk 515 316 
 
 revoke license 477 309 
 
 licenses for opening 
 
 streets 477 309 
 
 supervise opening and refilling 
 of streets 472,473 308,309
 
 XXIX — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Directors of Public Library, appointment of 99 45 
 
 powers and duties of 99-103 45 
 
 to appoint officers 101 46 
 
 make rules 100 46 
 
 Disability or absence of Mayor 10 11 
 
 Disabled officers, retirement of 69 34 
 
 Disapproval of vote, order, etc., by Mayor 11 12 
 
 Discount of incoming taxes 45 25 
 
 Discontinuance of highways, estimate of cost 80 38 
 
 order, how referred 78 37 
 
 Disease, contagious 284-297 251-253 
 
 (See contagious diseases.) 
 
 Disinterments, power de regulation of 137 62 
 
 Dismissals by Superintendent of Schools final, when 107 49 
 
 Disorderly assemblages, power to prevent 137 60 
 
 houses, power de suppression of 137 60 
 
 person at fire subject to arrest 240 240 
 
 Division of wards 4 10 
 
 Dock, merchandise not to remain over two days 318 263 
 
 Dockmaster, duties 553-557 324 
 
 Dog fights, penalty for 282 250 
 
 in parks 1 356 
 
 no one but owner to remove collar or muzzle 29 158 
 
 registered, penalty for interfering with 29 158 
 
 unmuzzled, how treated 28 158 
 
 Dogs, muzzling of .'. 26 158 
 
 not to be at large in public parks 1 356 
 
 taken to dog pound 28 158 
 
 to be muzzled 26 158 
 
 vicious 27 158 
 
 Donations and bequests, city may receive 137 62 
 
 Doors openings for 90 181 
 
 Drain pipes regulated 380 279 
 
 private regulated 326 265 
 
 Drainage, power of Court of Common Council de 133 57 
 
 provided for . Ill 
 
 Draining and raising low lands, power de 137 61 
 
 Drains connections regulated 459 306 
 
 with sewers 455 305 
 
 how laid 462 306 
 
 private, discharging upon street 326 265 
 
 Drawbridge regulated 484-486 311 
 
 Drawings and specifications to be filed with inspector 51 166 
 
 alteration of forbidden 52 166 
 
 Drink adulterated not to be sold 274 248 
 
 Drivers license 419 291 
 
 regulated 420 291
 
 XXX — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Driving speed 504 313 
 
 Dumb waiters 166 211 
 
 Duties and powers of Selectmen 209 88 
 
 town assumed by city 219 93 
 
 etc., of town, transferred to city 200 84 
 
 of officers not otherwise prescribed 137 62 
 
 Dwelling house not to be used for sale or storage of oils .... 622 345 
 
 place may be ordered cleaned 355 271 
 
 E 
 
 East Rock Park appropriation 92 43 
 
 Commissioners continued 86 41 
 
 successors of 87 41 
 
 incorporation of 87 41 
 
 Education 104 48 
 
 Board of, appointment and terms of 105 48 
 
 (See Board of Education.) 
 
 Eighth Ward 3 7 
 
 Elections, certificate of, to be recorded 221 233 
 
 city to pay expense of 210 89 
 
 conducted by state law 221 233 
 
 governed by state law- 4 10 
 
 illegal, when 147 66 
 
 in Court of Common Council how made 130 56 
 
 Mayor to issue order 220 233 
 
 new for death, etc 9 11 
 
 nominations to be made 10 days 147 66 
 
 police to preserve order 52 27 
 
 powers and duties of moderator 223 233 
 
 plurality elects 9 11 
 
 of Aldermen 220-224 233 
 
 city officers, when held, how conducted, etc. . . 4-9 10 
 
 town officers 210 89 
 
 time 210 89 
 
 voting places 52 27 
 
 when held " 6 10 
 
 who may vote 5 10 
 
 Elective officers, exempt from civil service 118 52 
 
 Electors, admission of, by Selectmen .| 209 88 
 
 in almshouse 131 
 
 of town to be of city 210 89 
 
 powers 2 5 
 
 Electric cars, gongs to be rung when 573 33? 
 
 regulations de 568-576 332-333 
 
 speed of 568 332 
 
 light poles, etc., how to be set 645 352 
 
 use of, regulations 647 353
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Electric light railway wires, regulations 64S 353 
 
 wires 646 352 
 
 construction 164 210 
 
 not to run over house tops 647 353 
 
 protection of 649 353 
 
 Electrical construction, superintendent of 55 29 
 
 plants, inspection of 58 30 
 
 and wires, powers de regulation of 137 61 
 
 wires to be inspected 58 30 
 
 Elevator attendant 168 212 
 
 etc., regulations : 166 211 
 
 freight 170 213 
 
 inspection 169 212 
 
 safety devices 169 212 
 
 shaft construction 166 211 
 
 Eleventh Ward 3 8 
 
 Eminent domain 135 58 
 
 for public works 135 58 
 
 right of, for school sites 114 51 
 
 Employes, city how registered 118 52 
 
 day 561 329 
 
 paid weekly 562 329 
 
 to be paid, how 45 25 
 
 Encroachment on streets 314 263 
 
 power de 137 61 
 
 Engineers, abandonment of engine 234 237 
 
 appeal to Mayor 231 236 
 
 application 227 235 
 
 Board of Examiners, appointment 226 235 
 
 chapter does not apply 233 237 
 
 duties 450 304 
 
 license fee 228 236 
 
 notice to applicant 231 236 
 
 penalty 232 236 
 
 refusal of license 230 236 
 
 renewal of application 230 236 
 
 revoking license 229 236 
 
 steam boiler license 225 235 
 
 to superintend lay of pavements 76 37 
 
 Engineer, city (see City Engineer). 
 
 power de licensing of 137 61 
 
 Engineering, bureau, powers and duties of 76 37 
 
 Engines not to connect with sewer 456 306 
 
 Epidemic, Board of Health's power de expenditures 97 45 
 
 Equal new election 9 11 
 
 Estates, assessment against 84 40 
 
 tax levied on 44 24
 
 XXXll — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Estimated expenses, when reported 44 24 
 
 income, not to be exceeded 44 24 
 
 Estimates 44 24 
 
 of Board of Charities 203 85 
 
 Department of Education 109 50 
 
 expense of improvements wlien made 80 38 
 
 to be final, when 44 24 
 
 published 44 24 
 
 reported to Court of Common Council 44 24 
 
 when submitted 66 148 
 
 Examinations, certificates of Civil Service Board 119 52 
 
 for city officers 119 52 
 
 in civil service 124 54 
 
 of candidates for building inspector 57 30 
 
 Excavations, for area to have retaining wall 62 171 
 
 building purposes, regulations de 57 169 
 
 cellars, how protected 522 317 
 
 guarded 57 169 
 
 gutters to be kept open 195 224 
 
 if more than 10 ft 58 170 
 
 in parks, license for 12 357 
 
 street or sidewalk 195 224 
 
 streets, etc 316 263 
 
 permits for 470 308 
 
 protection of 57 169 
 
 to be guarded 478 310 
 
 kept lighted 195 224 
 
 under party walls 60 170 
 
 Executions against city, must be certified to 2 151 
 
 and judgments, how paid 25 18 
 
 Executive and administrative officers' meetings 11 12 
 
 officers 10-40 11 
 
 reports of 158 70 
 
 Exemption from assessments, outlying wards 217 92 
 
 Exhibitions, license for how issued 16, 17 155 
 
 etc., power de licensing of 137 62 
 
 Exits, Fire Marshal, duties de 57 . 30 
 
 Expenditures, for schools, how made 160 49 
 
 how regulated 44 24 
 
 Expense not to be contracted, when 24 17 
 
 Expenses of city, estimates of 44 24 
 
 Civil Service Board, how paid 117 52 
 
 Explosive and inflammables, Mayor's power and regulations de 350 270 
 
 power de manufacture and sale of 137 60 
 
 regulations de 609-631 342-347 
 
 Express stands 423 293 
 
 vehicles regulated 418 291
 
 XXXUl 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Extension of city government to outlying wards 218 92 
 
 Extortion, etc., cause for removal from office 139 63 
 
 F 
 
 Fares in public conveyances 431 295 
 
 Fast driving in cemeteries, prohibited 211 230 
 
 prohibited 504 313 
 
 Feeding animals on the street prohibited 25 158 
 
 Fees and salary of Sealer of Weights and Measures 37 21 
 
 for baggage wagons 432 295 
 
 building and obstruction of street 54 168 
 
 building permit 54 168 
 
 fireworks licenses 617 344 
 
 licenses and permits 313 261 
 
 licensing conveyances 431 295 
 
 milk licenses 267 246 
 
 not to be paid to policemen, when 168 72 
 
 of City Court to be paid into city treasury 168 72 
 
 Clerk of City Court 168 72 
 
 pound keepers 22 157 
 
 registrar to go into city treasury 208 87 
 
 Sealer of Weights and Measures 644 351 
 
 Town Clerk's report on 207 87 
 
 Fence viewing 74 36 
 
 not to be defaced 497 313 
 
 to be erected on street 492 312 
 
 Fences in fire district 181 217 
 
 to be erected when 492 312 
 
 Fenders, cars to be equipped with 572 332 
 
 Fertilizer regulated 338 267 
 
 to be taken in parks 563 329 
 
 Fiber stress, of steel 106 187 
 
 wrought iron 106 187 
 
 Fifteenth Ward, police and fire protection in 217 92 
 
 rights of Aldermen 216 92 
 
 taxation in 217 92 
 
 Fifth Ward 3 7 
 
 Fights, prize and dog prohibited 282 250 
 
 Files, mutilation or abstraction of 46 162 
 
 and records, preservation of 45 162 
 
 Filth not to be placed on street 319 264 
 
 Finance Board 41 23 
 
 and Mayor to prepare rate bill 592 338 
 
 bond of officers 155 67 
 
 clerk of 35 20 
 
 Controller subject to 19 16 
 
 duties de school funds 108-110 50
 
 — xxxiv — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Finance Board, duty de taxes 591 338 
 
 estimates to be submitted to 148 66 
 
 expenses of 41 23 
 
 majority of, required to approve bill? 6 152 
 
 may borrow money 45 25 
 
 discount taxes 45 25 
 
 members of board 41 23 
 
 must recommend transfers 44 24 
 
 power de Town Clerk's assistants 207 87 
 
 powers and duties of 41 23 
 
 de Registrars' assistants 208 87 
 
 regulate office hours, when 26 18 
 
 reports of, published when 44 24 
 
 terms of 43 24 
 
 to adjust claims 6 152 
 
 appropriate funds for concerts, parades 
 
 etc 44 24 
 
 library 102 46 
 
 parks 92 43 
 
 approve bills, etc 25 17 
 
 only itemized bills 1 151 
 
 salaries 157 69 
 
 direct Controller as to payment of claims 8 152 
 
 deposit of funds 29 19 
 
 fix salaries of assessors' clerk 211 89 
 
 Board of Compensation ... 76 37 
 
 clerks 77 37 
 
 levy school tax 110 50 
 
 make estimates 44 24 
 
 meet weekly 42 24 
 
 report tax rate 44 24 
 
 Finances of City. Controller's duties 19 16 
 
 Mayor to make statement 11 12 
 
 Fines and penalties, to go into treasury 188 78 
 
 Fire Alarm Streets to be cleared 241 240 
 
 superintendent of 58 30 
 
 telegraph 250 242 
 
 injury to 250 242 
 
 inteference with, penalty for 250 242 
 
 key 252 242 
 
 opening alarm box 251 242 
 
 superintendent of 55 29 
 
 system in charge of superintendent. ... 58 31 
 
 telegraph, power de protection of 137 67 
 
 Firearms forbidden in parks 3 356 
 
 power de manufacture and sale of 137 60
 
 SECTION. PAGE, 
 
 Fire Commissioners 56 29 
 
 Board of, meetings 235 239 
 
 duties de gas generator licenses 260 243 
 
 may grant pensions TO 34 
 
 remove, reduce officers, etc 65 32 
 
 retire officers 69 34 
 
 must confirm suspensions 60 31 
 
 powers de supplies, repairs, heat, etc... 59 30 
 
 of 55-59 29 
 
 quorum of 64 32 
 
 to appoint and promote officers, etc. ... 64 32 
 
 be trustees of relief fund 68 34 
 
 fix compensation of members, etc. . . 55 29 
 prescribe rules for government of 
 
 department 59 30 
 
 vacancies, hovi^ filled 56 29 
 
 Fire Department, apparatus and buildings 236 239 
 
 applicants for, how examined 118 52 
 
 appointments and promotions how made. . 55 29 
 
 bills of, how certified and audited 235 239 
 
 charges against members, how brought. ... 60 31 
 
 chief, duties and power of 60 31 
 
 to assign officers, etc 6J 31 
 
 serve on civil service board 117 52 
 
 suspend member of force, when 60 31 
 
 efficiency, superintendent responsible for. . 60 31 
 
 equipment of 237 239 
 
 Mayor to assume control, when 12 12 
 
 property of 244 240 
 
 Fire district, buildings within 179 216 
 
 defined 56 168 
 
 power de establishment 137 60 
 
 service, not to extend to outlying wards 217 92 
 
 temporary structures 181 217 
 
 Fire escapes, chief of fire department to inspect 187 221 
 
 not to be incumbered 186 221 
 
 of rope 187 221 
 
 not to apply to fireproof 188 222 
 
 penalty for incumbering 186 221 
 
 regulations de 185 220 
 
 required 185 220 
 
 to have notice 186 221 
 
 Fire hydrant, condition 254 242 
 
 fastening rope, etc.. forbidden 255 243 
 
 injury forbidden 256 243 
 
 new 253 242 
 
 not to be opened without authority 353 242
 
 — xxxvi — 
 
 SECTION. PACE. 
 
 Fire in parks, prohil)ited ^ 356 
 
 Fire Marshal, appeal from order 246 241 
 
 appointment of 55 29 
 
 duties 57,246 29,241 
 
 duty de concealed gunpowder 615 343 
 
 etc. to give license to transport gunpowder ... 611 342 
 
 may be building inspector 49 166 
 
 no person to obstruct 248 243 
 
 orders of 246 241 
 
 to enforce building ordinances 57 29 
 
 order 247 242 
 
 to inspect buildings for oil license 626 346 
 
 public buildings and exits 57 29 
 
 issue building permits 57 30 
 
 licenses for kerosene, etc 625,626 346 
 
 sale of fireworks 617 344 
 
 what licenses 305 258 
 
 keep record 249 242 
 
 license gas generators 260 243 
 
 make complaints to City Attorney 249 242 
 
 report to Board of Aldermen 249 242 
 
 Mayor 57 30 
 
 Firemen and Policemen's Relief funds 66-72 33 
 
 how returned 69 34 
 
 pensions, how regulated 69 34 
 
 retired subject to orders 71 35 
 
 Firemen's badge no person to wear, except 243 240 
 
 relief fund 66 33 
 
 Commissioners to be trustees of 68 34 
 
 Fireplaces construction 156 207 
 
 Fire, protection against 55, 137 29, 60 
 
 from 91 182 
 
 outside twelve wards 55 29 
 
 Fireworks in street regulated 496 312 
 
 license 617 344 
 
 not to be allowed in parks 11 357 
 
 sale of, license fees 313 261 
 
 First Ward 3 6 
 
 Fiscal year, when begins .' 44 24 
 
 Fish room to be kept clean 273 247 
 
 unwholesome 272 247 
 
 Floor beams arrangement 106 187 
 
 steel and wrought iron 115 192 
 
 fireproof 105 187 
 
 Flowers not to be picked in park ... 2 356
 
 XXXVll — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Food condensed 275 248 
 
 destroyed 275 248 
 
 regulations de sale of 264-275 245-248 
 
 storage room to be clean 273 247 
 
 stuffs inspection by Board of Health 94 44 
 
 Football game, prohibited on streets 495 312 
 
 Forcible entry and detainer 173 75 
 
 Foreclosure of lien 37 160 
 
 liens 83 40 
 
 power de 137 60 
 
 Forfeited bonds, city attorney to sue on .' 193 82 
 
 Foundation walls 64 171 
 
 construction 65 172 
 
 depth 69 173 
 
 how construed 63 171 
 
 piers 66 172 
 
 thickness 64 171 
 
 Fourth Ward 3 6 
 
 Fourteenth Ward 3 9 
 
 assessments for 217 92 
 
 full rights 218 92 
 
 police and fire protection in 217 92 
 
 rights 216 92 
 
 taxes 217 92 
 
 Fowls, license to keep 354 
 
 not to go at large 20 157 
 
 Fraud, concealment of. cau?e for removal from office 139 64 
 
 Freeman, who is 4 10 
 
 Free Public Library (see Library) 98-103 45 
 
 Freight elevators 170 213 
 
 Fronts, metal to be filled in with masonry 126 196 
 
 Fruit not to be thrown in street 325 265 
 
 on sidewalk 325 265 
 
 sale of, regulated 272-276 247,248 
 
 Funds borrowing of, power de 137 60 
 
 library, to be kept as separate account 102 47 
 
 of city 29 19 
 
 how deposited 29 19 
 
 school to be received by Treasurer 108 50 
 
 sinking, continuance of 159 70 
 
 Funerals, public prohibited when 293 253 
 
 Furnaces construction 159 208 
 
 G 
 
 Gambling houses, power de suppression of 137 60 
 
 Games, etc., not to be played in street 495 312
 
 — xxxviu — 
 
 SECTION. 
 
 Gang planks to be provided by steamboat companies 578 
 
 Garbage, etc., carting of 321-322 
 
 Gardens, trespass in 032 
 
 Gas and water meter inspectors, appointment of 362 
 
 Gas brackets location 163 
 
 Gas generators, license for 260 
 
 Gas machine to be licensed 260 
 
 Gas pipes location 163 
 
 power de laying of 137 
 
 regulated 349 
 
 works regulated 349 
 
 Gasoline, use of 624 
 
 Gifts, city may accept 162 
 
 etc., penalty for taking same by public officer 163 
 
 power to receive 137 
 
 Girders steel and wrought iron 114 
 
 stresses in riveted plate 107 
 
 Goats not to go at large 20 
 
 Grade of walks, curbs and gutters, orders de 82 
 
 Grain elevators in fire district 181 
 
 Grand jurors not to make complaint 187 
 
 Guardians, etc., powers of Board of Charities de 206 
 
 Gun not to be sold minor 616 
 
 Gunpowder, how transported 611 
 
 regulated 350 
 
 restricted 609 
 
 search warrant 615 
 
 Gutters and curbs, construction and repair of 82 
 
 construction or repair 82 
 
 snow to be removed 526 
 
 Gutters to be kept clean ' 526 
 
 H 
 
 Hacks, power de licenses and fees for 137 
 
 stands 422 
 
 Handbills not to be thrown in street 489 
 
 Hand organ playing regulated 352 
 
 Harbor Commission clerks 
 
 duties 
 
 engineers 
 
 established 
 
 establish lines 
 
 jurisdiction over bridges 
 
 office 
 
 one member from West Haven 
 
 extent 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 333 
 
 264 
 
 348 
 
 273 
 
 210 
 
 243 
 
 243 
 
 210 
 
 61 
 
 269 
 
 269 
 
 345 
 
 70 
 
 70 
 
 62 
 
 191 
 
 188 
 
 159 
 
 39 
 
 218 
 
 80 
 
 86 
 
 344 
 
 342 
 
 270 
 
 342 
 
 343 
 
 39 
 
 39 
 
 318 
 
 318 
 
 61 
 
 291 
 
 312 
 
 270 
 
 98 
 
 98 
 
 98 
 
 97 
 
 98 
 
 98 
 
 98 
 
 100 
 
 99
 
 — xxxix — 
 
 SECTION. 
 
 Harbor, general statutes 
 
 lines established 
 
 Hay provisions for weighing 639 
 
 Hay, straw, etc., in building, regulations de 258 
 
 Headers used in buildings 68 
 
 Heads of bureaus, how appointed and removed 75 
 
 may remove subordinates 76 
 
 Health Board (see Board of Health) 
 
 Board appointment 93 
 
 officer 45 
 
 to order impure food destroyed . .' 275 
 
 town or county no jurisdiction in town 94 
 
 Heating supplies, etc., to be provided by commissioners of de- 
 partment 59 
 
 High schools, Board of Education's powers de Ill 
 
 Highways 132 
 
 control of Court of Common Council de 182 
 
 discontinuance, estimate of cost 80 
 
 of, how referred 78 
 
 how opened and discontinued 132 
 
 opening of, power de 137 
 
 powers of town de, transferred to city 200 
 
 to be kept free from encroachment power de . . . 137 
 
 Horse, driver to be near 427 
 
 feeding of on streets, prohibited 25 
 
 not to be hitched to trees in parks 15 
 
 go at large 20 
 
 Hose, no person to drive over without permission 242 
 
 Hospitals, etc., city to accept trusts for 162 
 
 private for contagious diseases forbidden 284 
 
 Houses of ill fame, duty of chief of police 198 
 
 not to cover lot 191 
 
 power de suppression of 137 
 
 yards, etc., to be kept cleanly 336 
 
 Hydrant attachments to 317 
 
 new 253 
 
 not to be incumbered 256 
 
 opening regulated 353 
 
 ropes, etc., attached to 317 
 
 I 
 
 Ice removal 82 
 
 of, from sidewalks 524 
 
 duties of police 408, 409 
 
 111 fame, houses of 198 
 
 power de suppression of 137 
 
 PAGE, 
 101 
 
 102 
 350 
 243 
 173 
 36 
 36 
 
 44 
 
 95 
 
 248 
 
 44 
 
 30 
 
 51 
 
 56 
 
 56 
 
 38 
 
 37 
 
 56 
 
 61 
 
 84 
 
 61 
 
 294 
 
 . 158 
 
 357 
 
 157 
 
 240 
 
 70 
 
 251 
 
 84 
 
 223 
 
 60 
 
 267 
 
 263 
 
 242 
 
 243 
 
 270 
 
 263 
 
 39 
 317 
 
 287 
 84 
 60
 
 SECTION. PAGE, 
 
 Illuiiiinating fluid, fire test 023 345 
 
 regulations de 023 345 
 
 Imbeciles, commitment of 200 86 
 
 Impersonating police officer, penalty for 410 288 
 
 Impounding animals, regulated 21-23 157 
 
 Improvements, cost of, to be estimated 80 88 
 
 liens to be placed on, for 83 40 
 
 not to be made without appropriation 154 67 
 
 outlying wards not to receive 217 92 
 
 Impure food, how destroyed 275 248 
 
 Income estimated, not to be exceeded 44 24 
 
 Incompetency, etc., cause for removal from office 139 63 
 
 Incorporation of City of New Haven 2 5 
 
 Increase or decrease of salaries, how made 40 23 
 
 Incumbrances, city liens to be proir 83 40 
 
 Indebtedness of city to be immediately paid 118 
 
 officers, to be collected how 27 18 
 
 of town, assumed by city 215 91 
 
 Indecent or blasphemous performance 17 150 
 
 Indecent show actor liable 17 156 
 
 Inflammable oils, location of manufactory 621 344 
 
 sale or storage regulated 622 345 
 
 substances in machines, or retorts 629 347 
 
 license for 629 347 
 
 power de manufacture and sale of. . 137 60 
 
 Information of approach of officer, penalty for giving 411 228 
 
 Injury to building, fence, etc 278 249 
 
 or property 208 228 
 
 Insane, commitment of 206 86 
 
 Inspection by Board of Health, of food 94 44 
 
 buildings, fire marshal's duty 57 29 
 
 electrical plants 58 30 
 
 food, power de regulation 137 62 
 
 Inspector of Boilers, duties of 582 335 
 
 to issue what licenses 305 256 
 
 Buildings 
 
 appointment 57, 48 30, 165 
 
 competency 57 30 
 
 decision final if building endangers life 193 224 
 
 duties 48 165 
 
 duty de unsafe buildings 193, 194 224 
 
 may permit wooden building 179 216 
 
 penalty for false certificate 129 197 
 
 qualifications 57,48 30,165 
 
 to certify regarding theatres 129 197 
 
 grant permit to move 202 226 
 
 inspect electric wires 164 210
 
 — xli — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Inspector of Buildings to inspect elevator 167 212 
 
 public buildings 151 205 
 
 issue permit 50 166 
 
 what licenses 305 256 
 
 make building safe 194 224 
 
 rules for fire escapes 185 220 
 
 notify owner of danger 192 223 
 
 order shutters 165 211 
 
 protect existing walls 61 170 
 
 report violations to City Attorney. 48 165 
 
 Inspector of lamps, duties ' 363 274 
 
 powers and duties of 53 28 
 
 meters appointment 362 273 
 
 plumbing 377 278 
 
 appointment of 95 45 
 
 salary and duties of 377 278 
 
 public conveyances 415 290 
 
 duties 442 298 
 
 sanitary, appointment\of 95 45 
 
 school buildings, how appointed 106 49 
 
 steam boilers, how appointed 581 334 
 
 Interest on benefits 81 39 
 
 city funds 29 19 
 
 liens and assessments 151 69 
 
 Interpreters in City Court 10<> 
 
 Intoxicating liquors, Police Commissioners prohibited from 
 
 selling, etc 63 31 
 
 Iron or steel work to be connected 120 193 
 
 protected 105 187 
 
 work to be painted 127 196 
 
 J 
 
 Journal of Board of Aldermen 40 161 
 
 Judge of City Court, appointments by 165 71 
 
 Common Pleas, to order notices, when 79 38 
 
 other court how called 166 71 
 
 Judges of City Court 165 71 
 
 salaries of 171 73 
 
 Judgment of Court, how certified 2 151 
 
 payment 25 17 
 
 Jurisdiction of Board of Health 94 44 
 
 City Court civil 172 74 
 
 criminal 185 79 
 
 for police and sanitary purposes 1 5 
 
 over outlying wards 218 92
 
 — xlii — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Jurisdiction of police and City Court over parks 88 42 
 
 Justice of Peace, not to take cognizance of complaints 187 80 
 
 K 
 
 Kerosene oil drawing 628 346 
 
 etc., sale of, licenses for 625, 626 346 
 
 fire test 627 346 
 
 how drawn 626 346 
 
 license 625 346 
 
 test of 627 346 
 
 Killed, pension to dependent 70 34 
 
 Kite flying, prohibited on streets 495 312 
 
 L 
 
 Labor, nine hours to constitute a day 561 329 
 
 Laborers to be registered 118 52 
 
 Lamps, duty of person causing injury ....*. 301 254 
 
 inj ury forbidden 300 254 
 
 inspector, how removed 53 28 
 
 powers and duties 63 28 
 
 salary of 363 274 
 
 to accept payment for damage to lamp, 
 
 when 301,302 254 
 
 issue permits for removals 300 254 
 
 located by Board of Aldermen 298 254 
 
 not to be used in barn 258 243 
 
 obstruction forbidden 299 254 
 
 police department to assist in care of ... . 53 28 
 
 power de protection of 137 61 
 
 removal of, permit for 300 254 
 
 Land, taking of 78 37 
 
 Landing place, obstruction of 318 263 
 
 Layout and assessments to be adopted 81 38 
 
 of parks, squares, highways, etc 78 37 
 
 streets 132 56 
 
 land for, city power de 135 58 
 
 parks, etc., cost of to be estimated 80 38 
 
 when legally adopted 81 38 
 
 Leaders from roof 174 214 
 
 not to be used as pipes 384 281 
 
 discharge water on sidewalk 514 816 
 
 Levy of taxes by Board of Finance 44 24 
 
 Liability of Controller 24 17 
 
 Library appropriation 102 46 
 
 fund, to be kept by Treasurer 102 46
 
 — xliii — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 T JlM-ary privileges, extension of 103 47 
 
 public 98 45 
 
 use of by non-residents 103 47 
 
 Library Directors f)i) 4.5 
 
 may appoint necessary employes lol 40 
 
 contract with Institute IdO 4(; 
 
 to make rules 100 4U 
 
 Licensed driver entitled to fee 430 297 
 
 Licenses and permits not transferable 310 257 
 
 appeal from refused ,. 312 258 
 
 application 304 255 
 
 addressed to 305 255 
 
 as engineer fee 228 236 
 
 collector to collect 31 19 
 
 controller to provide for 303 255 
 
 ending May 1st 310 257 
 
 fee for plumbing 898 283 
 
 paid collector 307 257 
 
 fees 313 258 
 
 for bootblack 603 341 
 
 bowling and billiards, power de 137 62 
 
 engineers, power de 137 61 
 
 exhibitions, power de 137 62 
 
 gas machine 260 243 
 
 gunpowder 610 342 
 
 inflammable oils application 620 344 
 
 substances 629 347 
 
 keeping swine and cattle 337 207 
 
 kerosene, etc 625, 626 346 
 
 making soap 342 268 
 
 opening streets 470, 471 308 
 
 how revoked 477 309 
 
 peddling, power de 137 62 
 
 plumbing 375 277 
 
 public concerts issued by Chief of Police 16 155 
 
 conveyances, power de 137 61 
 
 removing contents of privies 331 266 
 
 sale of fireworks 313 258 
 
 milk 207 240 
 
 selling articles in park 356 
 
 slaughter houses 339 268 
 
 soap factories 342 268 
 
 tanning 341 268 
 
 theater 129 197 
 
 revoked 151 205 
 
 trades 310 257 
 
 theatrical performances 16 155
 
 — xliv — 
 
 SECTION. I'AGE. 
 
 Licenses for transportation of ginipovvder 611,612 342 
 
 transporting grease, bones, etc 321 264 
 
 whitefish 320 264 
 
 vehicles, how revoked 441 297 
 
 watering street 531 319 
 
 issued by Chief of Police for billiard and bowling. . 15 155 
 
 method of issuing 306 256 
 
 numbered 307 257 
 
 power de temporary stores 137 63 
 
 record kept by officer 308 257 
 
 revocation 311 258 
 
 signed by officer and collector 307 257 
 
 to be countersigned and recorded by collector ...... 31 19 
 
 legal 309 257 
 
 keep fowls 354 
 
 gunpowder 609 342 
 
 manufacture and sell oils 619 344 
 
 Licensing of bill posting, power de 137 62 
 
 Light and ventilation required 191 223 
 
 Lighting, etc., of police and fire buildings 59 30 
 
 Liens abated 133 
 
 after one year to report to Corporation Counsel 37 160 
 
 book to be kept by Collector 35 160 
 
 city to take priority, when 83 40 
 
 cost of, how remitted 36 160 
 
 for assessments of benefits 81,83 39 
 
 when and how placed 35,36 160 
 
 expense of abating nuisances 94 44 
 
 sprinkling assessments 136 59 
 
 walks, curbs, etc 82, 83 39 
 
 foreclosure 37 160 
 
 foreclose 83 40 
 
 if benefits are not paid 35 160 
 
 interest and fees may be remitted 36 160 
 
 on 151 67 
 
 paid collector 564 330 
 
 powers de collection and enforcement of 137 60 
 
 to be recorded 83 40 
 
 Limits of city 1 5 
 
 Lintels cast iron 116 192 
 
 stone 90 181 
 
 to rest on stone 117 192 
 
 Lost money 67 34 
 
 property in charge of Director 448 303 
 
 Lumber pile'^ 181 217 
 
 regulated 262 244 
 
 piling of near houses prohibited 262 244
 
 — xlv — 
 M 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Malfeance, etc., cause for removal from office 139 63 
 
 Manual training schools Ill 51 
 
 Manure not to be offensive 343 268 
 
 Maps and files to be given to proper committee 44 24 
 
 returned to proper party 45 162 
 
 penalty for improper use 46 162 
 
 etc., to be made and preserved by City Engineer 76 37 
 
 for assessors, hovir prepared 450 304 
 
 Matches not to be dropped 259 243 
 
 Materials not to be furnished by officers 153 67 
 
 Matrons, police how appointed 47 26 
 
 Mayor and Board of Aldermen to license keeping of gunpow- 
 der G09 342 
 
 duties 11 12 
 
 etc., to give license to transport gunpowder 611 342 
 
 may call special meetings of Board of Finance 42 24 
 
 Council 127 54 
 
 designate order for carriages 444 298 
 
 stands 424 298 
 
 direct the destruction of buildings 239 239 
 
 employ additional counsel when 17 15 
 
 fill vacancy in office, when 9 11 
 
 on Park Board 87 41 
 
 issue search-warrant for gunpowder 615 343 
 
 warrant for taxes 31 19 
 
 offer rewards, when 364 274 
 
 permit carrying of weapons 283 250 
 
 prohibit blowing of whistles 351 270 
 
 remove heads of bureaus 75 36 
 
 revoke theater, etc., licenses, when 151 205 
 
 member of Board of Finance 41 23 
 
 Park Commission 86 41 
 
 order for parades 451 304 
 
 orders of, to be obeyed and executed by police 403 285 
 
 power 12 13 
 
 of removal 213 90 
 
 to command assistance 13 14 
 
 power de explosives 350 -70 
 
 qualifications of 10 H 
 
 salary of 40 23 
 
 terms of office 6 10 
 
 to advise as to destruction of buildings 239 239 
 
 appoint and remove lamp inspector 53 28 
 
 assessors 211 89 
 
 Board of Charities and Correction 201 84
 
 — xlvi — 
 
 SECTION. 1>AGE. 
 
 Mayor to appoint Board of Education 105 48 
 
 Finance 43 24 
 
 Health 93 44 
 
 Relief 212 90 
 
 Chief of Police 49 26 
 
 City Engineer 75 36 
 
 Civil Service Board 117 52 
 
 Commissioners of Compensation 76 37 
 
 Director of Public Works 73 35 
 
 Fire Commissioners 56 29 
 
 Inspector of Buildings 57 30 
 
 Library Directors 99 45 
 
 Park Commissioners 86 41 
 
 Police Commissioners 48 26 
 
 Sealer of Weights and Measures 37 21 
 
 Superintendent of Charities and Correc- 
 tions 201 84 
 
 Sewers 75 36 
 
 Streets 75 36 
 
 approve acts of Court of Common Council 125 54 
 
 all orders, ordinances, etc 137 60 
 
 bonds on contracts 156 67 
 
 pensions, retirements, etc 70 34 
 
 be president of trustees of relief funds 68 34 
 
 call special meeting of Board of Aldermen 41 161 
 
 countersign orders, when 25 17 
 
 designate architects to examine building inspector 57 30 
 
 where cars may stand 506 313 
 
 fill vacancies on Board of Education 105 48 
 
 order election 220 233 
 
 receive department reports annually 158 70 
 
 regulate processions, etc 444,451 298,304 
 
 sign notes and obligations 218 231 
 
 withhold license for theater, when 129 107 
 
 vacancy in office of, how filled 10 11 
 
 voting in police board 49 26 
 
 when chosen ■ 6 10 
 
 who can act 10 11 
 
 Mayor's appointees must be residents 146 65 
 
 exempt from civil service 118 52 
 
 secretary, appointment and duties of 39 22 
 
 Measurements from curb level 178 216 
 
 Measures to be inspected 634 349 
 
 Meat rooms to be kept clean 273 247 
 
 unwholesome 272 247
 
 — xlvii — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Meetings 401 284 
 
 of Board of Aldermen 126 54 
 
 Committees, how warned 38 22 
 
 Court of Common Council, quorum for 128 55 
 
 Memorials, Commission for 137 
 
 Merchandise not to remain on sidewalk 510.511 314 
 
 Merestone inj ury 501 313 
 
 Military and poll taxes, how collectible 31 19 
 
 enrollment 131 
 
 Militia, etc., may be summoned by Mayor, when 12 13 
 
 how paid when called into service by Mayor 14 14 
 
 Milk, "adulterated" defined 265 245 
 
 impure not to be sold 274 248 
 
 inspection of by Board of Health 269-271 247 
 
 license for sale of 267 246 
 
 must not sell without license 270 247 
 
 sale of adulterated forbidden 264 245 
 
 Board of Health to regulate 04 44 
 
 regulations de 264-272 245 
 
 skim milk regulated 266 246 
 
 wagon to be numbered 266 246 
 
 Minor not to loiter around voting place 222 233 
 
 Misdemeanors, arrests for, without warrants 107 83 
 
 Moderators, orders to be obeyed 224 234 
 
 penalty for disobeying 224 234 
 
 power in elections 223 233 
 
 Money, borrowing of, power de 137 60 
 
 Monuments, injury or defacement of, prohibited 210 229 
 
 Mortar used in building 55 168 
 
 Moving of buildings, permits for 202 226 
 
 Mules not to go at large 20 157 
 
 Municipal officers, charges against, how brought 146 64 
 
 not to furnish materials 153 67 
 
 give bonds for liquor licenses .... 139 63 
 
 oath for 152 67 
 
 prohibited from receiving gifts 139 63 
 
 Mutilation of records, penalty for 46 162 
 
 N 
 
 National Board of Underwriters' rules to govern wires 647 353 
 
 Guard pay 14 14 
 
 Naval Reserve, etc., may be summoned by Mayor, when .... 13 12 
 
 Neglect of duty, etc., cause for removal from office 139 63 
 
 New Haven City School District, affairs how managed 104 48 
 
 Harbor 97 
 
 appeal from Commission 101
 
 — xlviii — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 New Haven Harbor, City Court jurisdiction 102 
 
 dumping in 102 
 
 lines established 102 
 
 obstructions in 102 
 
 power over lands 2 5 
 
 wharf ing out 101 
 
 seal 2 5 
 
 Newspaper advertising rates, regulations de 219 232 
 
 peddling of, regulations de 607-608 341 
 
 Night soil conveyances 332 266 
 
 license for 331 266 
 
 not to be deposited in city 335 267 
 
 time for removal 333 266 
 
 Ninth ward 3 3 
 
 Nitro-glycerine forbidden 630 347 
 
 keeping of, when prohibited 350 270 
 
 regulated 350 270 
 
 Nominations, certificates of, how filed 147 66 
 
 for officers, when made 147 66 
 
 Non-residents, to have library privileges, when 103 47 
 
 how notified 79 38 
 
 Notes or bonds, order for payment 25 17 
 
 to be signed by 218 231 
 
 Notices of appeal by removed official, on whom served .... 12 14 
 
 assessments, how made 79 38 
 
 how sent 136 58 
 
 Board of Charities, etc., how served 206 86 
 
 I Finance meetings 42 24 
 
 ' claim for damages 12 153 
 
 personal damage 11 153 
 
 department of Public Works, how signed 449 303 
 
 dismissal of teachers, when required 107 49 
 
 examinations under civil service board 124 54 
 
 hearings, how served 79 38 
 
 upon sidewalks, how given 516 316 
 
 ^ indebtedness, to be filed 27 18 
 
 ! posting regulated 633 348 
 
 to be transmitted to Corporation Counsel 11 153 
 
 Court of Common Council, how served 38 22 
 
 non-residents, how given 79 38 
 
 builders, etc., how given 203 227 
 
 under building ordinances 203 227 
 
 Nuisances 314-355 263-271 
 
 abatement of by Board of Health 97,94 44 
 
 encroachment on street 314 263 
 
 erection in tidewater 98 
 
 how abated 346,347 269
 
 — xlix — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Nuisances, obstruction of street 315 263 
 
 power de prohibition and abatement of 137 62 
 
 property owners' rights and duties 345 268 
 
 to be abated 346 269 
 
 Numbering buildings 206 228 
 
 penalty 207 228 
 
 of buildings, penalty for not doing so 207 228 
 
 streets 206 228 
 
 City Engineer's duties de 450 304 
 
 o 
 
 Oath of City Attorney 191 81 
 
 Judges of City Court 165 71 
 
 officers 152 67 
 
 required on bills, etc 25 17 
 
 to be taken by officers of City Court 164-167 71 
 
 Obscene figures, on buildings, fences, etc 278 249 
 
 Obstructing or abusing Mayor, penalty for 13 14 
 
 Obstruction of lamps, prohibited 299 254 
 
 officers, power de punishment for 137 60 
 
 streets 315 263 
 
 for building 54 168 
 
 lamps prohibited 299 254 
 
 on sidewalks 509,510 314 
 
 Office hours. City Attorney 170 73 
 
 Clerk of City Court 170 73 
 
 Officer, oath of 152 67 
 
 of Fire Department may arrest at fire 240 240 
 
 Officer, bonds of 155 67 
 
 City, cause for removal 139 63 
 
 nominations for when made 147 67 
 
 salaries of 40 23 
 
 elected when 6 10 
 
 may be removed by Mayor, procedure 12 13 
 
 obstruction of, power de punishment for 137 60 
 
 departments, retired how 69 34 
 
 penalty for accepting gifts, etc 163 70 
 
 to hold monthly conferences with Mayor 11 12 
 
 Offices, but one to be held by same person 161 70 
 
 Officers, election 123 
 
 may be women 146 65 
 
 not to contract with city 153 67 
 
 not to hold two offices 161 70 
 
 of City Court, salaries of 171 73
 
 SI-XTION. PAGE. 
 
 Olficers, Police and Fire Department, how appointo-l and 
 
 promoted ... 47,59,63 26,30,32 
 power de compen- 
 sation of. 137 63 
 power to employ clerks . . 157 69 
 de removal and ex- 
 
 pnlsion 137 63 
 
 removals of 119 52 
 
 by order 
 
 of court 141 64 
 
 by Mayor 213 90 
 
 supplies, how purchased 157 69 
 
 to act until successors qualify 145 65 
 
 be nominated 10 days before election 147 66 
 
 residents 146 65 
 
 receive no compensation but salary 40 23 
 
 submit estimates, when 148 66 
 
 turn over books and papers 160 70 
 
 term and powers 224 93 
 
 Offices to be kept open 367 274 
 
 vacancies in, how filled 137, 149 63, 66 
 
 Officials, bonds of 155 55 
 
 who exempt from civil service 118 52 
 
 Old Almshouse Farm Trustees 134 
 
 Oil inflammable 619 344 
 
 Opening of streets, power de 137 61 
 
 Opinions of Corporation Counsel, who may obtain 16 15 
 
 Orange j urisdiction 1 5 
 
 Organ playing 352 270 
 
 Orders for improvements, appropriations must be first made 154 67 
 
 how paid on executions 25 17 
 
 not to be passed unless money is in treasury 24 17 
 
 on relief fund to be signed, how 68 54 
 
 how drawn and countersigned by Controller 25 17 
 
 to be numbered 9 153 
 
 paid by Treasurer, when 30 19 
 
 outstanding, account of 23 17 
 
 Ordinances, arrangement 373 276 
 
 City Clerk to send copies 35 20 
 
 continued in force 62 31 
 
 continuing 370 275 
 
 copies to be sent to officials 374 276 
 
 de buildings. Fire Marshal to enforce 57 29 
 
 violations of, to be reported to 
 
 Mayor 57 29 
 
 conveyances to be printed and distributed . . . 444 298 
 
 distribution 374 276
 
 — li — 
 
 Ordinances, etc., penalty fcir violation, how collected . . . 
 
 hearing on before adoption 
 
 must be approved by Mayor 
 
 published 
 
 park rules to have effect of 
 
 penalties, how enforced 
 
 penalty collected by City Attorney 
 
 power de making, etc 
 
 publication 
 
 repeal ' 
 
 revised 1905 
 
 special penalty 
 
 to be published by City Clerk 
 
 change salaries 
 
 cover all wards 
 
 violation of, cause for removal from office . . . 
 City Attorney may accept penalty 
 
 Outlying wards, fire or police protection 
 
 full city jurisdiction 
 
 officers' right to vote 
 
 Oyster grounds, taxation of 
 
 Page of Board of Aldermen, how appointed 
 
 Papers, peddling of. regulation de 607, 608 
 
 Parades, appropriation for, how made . .*. 
 
 Mayor's order 
 
 power de regulation of 
 
 Park Commission, appointment of officers 
 
 rules and regulations of 
 
 Commissioners > 
 
 appointment 
 
 Board of, how constituted 
 
 duties 
 
 may call on City Engineer 
 
 property, how acquired 
 
 superintendent may arrest, when 
 
 Parks, animals in other towns 
 
 appropriation 
 
 articles not to be sold except under license 
 
 bathing in 
 
 birds and animals not to be molested in 
 
 carting through prohibited 
 
 excavtions in 
 
 firearms not to be carried in 
 
 SECTION. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 183 
 
 78 
 
 369 
 
 275 
 
 129 
 
 55 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 129 
 
 55 
 
 88 
 
 42 
 
 138 
 
 63 
 
 369 
 
 275 
 
 13V 
 
 60 
 
 35 
 
 20 
 
 372 
 
 276 
 
 
 147 
 
 368 
 
 275 
 
 35 
 
 20 
 
 40 
 
 23 
 
 221 
 
 93 
 
 139 
 
 63 
 
 192 
 
 82 
 
 217 
 
 92 
 
 218 
 
 92 
 
 216 
 
 92 
 
 217 
 
 92 
 
 128 
 
 55 
 
 608 
 
 341 
 
 44 
 
 25 
 
 451 
 
 304 
 
 137 
 
 61 
 
 91 
 
 43 
 
 1-16 
 
 151 
 
 36 
 
 41 
 
 87 
 
 41 
 
 86 
 
 41 
 
 88 
 
 42 
 
 91 
 
 43 
 
 90 
 
 43 
 
 88 
 
 42 
 
 81 
 
 43 
 
 92 
 
 43 
 
 6 
 
 356 
 
 7 
 
 356 
 
 10 
 
 357 
 
 14 
 
 357 
 
 12 
 
 357 
 
 3 
 
 356
 
 — Ill — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Parks, fires in, prohibited 8 35G 
 
 fireworks on, not to be permitted 11 357 
 
 flowers not to be picked in 2 35G 
 
 funds for ll'i' 
 
 horses not to be hitched to trees in 15 357 
 
 improvements, city's power de 135 58 
 
 penaUy for violation of rules and regulations IG 357 
 
 po\ver of Board of Common Council de 132 5G 
 
 public demonstrations in, prohibited 5 5 
 
 rubbish in 13 357 
 
 speed of vehicles in 4 356 
 
 Pasturing of animals on street, prohibited 20 157 
 
 Paupers, care of 202 85 
 
 duties of city de 200 84 
 
 Pavement, street railroad to pay part of cost 566 331 
 
 Pavements, appropriations for 106 
 
 assessment for 106 
 
 watering of 531,532 319 
 
 Pavements, assessments for permanent, how made, etc 106 
 
 bonds for 106 
 
 construction of. Engineer to superintend 76 37 
 
 laying permanent 106 
 
 power to require restoration of same 137 61 
 
 Paving Commission clerk 108 
 
 established 107 
 
 streets, power of Court of Common Council de .... 132 56 
 
 Peace and good order, general power of city 137 60 
 
 Peddling, power de regulation of 137 62 
 
 Penalties and fines to go into treasury 183 78 
 
 enforced by civil or criminal action 138 63 
 
 • for refusing to aid police 198 84 
 
 violations of building laws 204 227 
 
 Civil Service Board rules 121 53 
 
 Health Board rules 94 44 
 
 ordinances, power to fix 137 60 
 
 general, for violation of ordinances 368 275 
 
 power of City Attorney 183 78 
 
 to prescribe for violation of ordinances . . . 138 63 
 
 to be collected by City Attorney 369, 192 82 
 
 for inj ury to building 208 228 
 
 not affixing numbers to building 207 228 
 
 Pension fund, amount to be granted 70 34 
 
 Performance, indecent, penalty for 17 156 
 
 Permit fees 54 168 
 
 refusal 53 167
 
 — liii — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Permits and licenses 303-313 255-262 
 
 for buildings 57 30 
 
 erection or alteration of any building 50 166 
 
 obstruction of street 54 168 
 
 to move buildings 202 226 
 
 Petitions to be signed witb name and address of petitioners 10 153 
 
 Petroleum manufacture and sale regulated 619 344 
 
 Pigs and cattle, license to keep 337 267 
 
 Pier in harbor 102 
 
 Piers use in any part of building 67 172 
 
 foundation wall 66 172 
 
 Piles for buildings 70 173 
 
 notice before driving 101 
 
 Pipes, gas and water 163 210 
 
 hot air location 162 209 
 
 steam location 161 209 
 
 Pistol not to be sold minor 616 343 
 
 forbidden 283 250 
 
 Placards and notices, not to be posted on buildings, etc 6.33 348 
 
 Plans and specifications for buildings 51 166 
 
 Play bill not to be destroyed 19 156 
 
 posted on public building, fence or tree.. 18 156 
 
 Plumbing, business must be licensed '. . . . 376 277 
 
 examination for license .376 277 
 
 grease traps 392 282 
 
 inspector to examine pipes 389 282 
 
 inspectors 95. 377 45, 278 
 
 license 375 277 
 
 fee 398 283 
 
 how revoked 398 283 
 
 material and workmanship 396 283 
 
 regulations 375-309 277-283 
 
 tests of by inspector 395 283 
 
 to be tested 395 283 
 
 Plurality to elect 9 11 
 
 Poles, how painted and set 645 352 
 
 alarm telegraph 413 288 
 
 and sanitary jurisdiction of city 1 5 
 
 appointments 47 26 
 
 Police Chief, duties and power of 60 31 
 
 may suspend members of force, when 60 31 
 
 mayor may appoint, when 49 26 
 
 to make and enforce rules at elections 52 28 
 
 report to Commissioners 60 31 
 
 serve on Civil Service Board 117 52 
 
 Commission to fix pay 50 27 
 
 Commissioners 48 26
 
 — liv — 
 
 SECTION. I'AGE. 
 
 Police Commissioners, duties 400 284 
 
 may grant pensions 70 34 
 
 remove, reduce officers, etc. . . 65 32 
 
 retire officers 69 34 
 
 must confirm suspensions 60 31 
 
 not to engage in certain business ... 63 31 
 powers de supplies, heating, lighting, 
 
 etc 59 30 
 
 quorum of required 64 32 
 
 Secretary, salary of -91 43 
 
 terms of 48 26 
 
 to appoint and promote, officers, etc. 64 32 
 
 be trustees of relief fund 68 34 
 
 designate polling places 52 27 
 
 prescribe rules for department.. 59 30 
 
 who eligible 63 31 
 
 Police Department 46 26 
 
 applicants for, how examined 118 50 
 
 charges against members, how brought 60 31 
 
 efficiency, superintendent responsible for 60 31 
 
 how constituted 48 26 
 
 mayor to assume control, when 12 13 
 
 , powers and duties of 46-53 26 
 
 86-92 41 
 
 to assist in care of lamps 53 28 
 
 preserve good order 47 26 
 
 unclaimed property to go into pension 
 
 fund 84 67 
 
 Detective 47 26 
 
 duties 403 285 
 
 fraudulent personation of 410 288 
 
 giving notice of approach of 411 288 
 
 how retired 69 34 
 
 matrons, appointment of 47 26 
 
 member to give bond 402 285 
 
 officer to destroy stray dogs 28 158 
 
 not to receive fees from city court 405 286 
 
 punishment 404 286 
 
 reduction in rank 65 32 
 
 resistance of, penalty for 410 288 
 
 retired, subject to order 71 85 
 
 to aid the Mayor and Coroner 408 285 
 
 assist Sealer of Weights and Measures 648 351 
 
 power to call assistance 198 84 
 
 to have jurisdiction of parks 88 42 
 
 enforce health laws ". . 96 . 45 
 
 report breaches of ordinances 407 287
 
 — Iv — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Policemen's relief fund 60 33 
 
 Commissioners to be trustees of... 68 34 
 
 Poll and military taxes, how collectible 31 19 
 
 places, how designated 52 27 
 
 list of 52 28 
 
 police commissioners to select 52 28 
 
 use of saloons prohibited 52 28 
 
 Poor, care of, by Department of Charities and Correction. . 202 85 
 
 Pound keepers, appointment 361 273 
 
 duties and how appointed, fees of 21-23 157 
 
 Practice, rules of, in City Court 175 76 
 
 Precedent nothing but judgment 13 154 
 
 Precincts, voting, how established 4 10 
 
 Prerogative, writ must not be issued by City Court 172 75 
 
 President of Board of Aldermen to be acting Mayor, when. . 10 11 
 
 how chosen 126 54 
 
 powers and duties of 131 56 
 
 Printing to be advertised 219 232 
 
 Private hospital for contagious diseases prohibited 284 251 
 
 sewers, regulations 455 305 
 
 way, permission required to open 132 56 
 
 Privies and cesspools 327-330 256,266 
 
 license for removing contents 331 266 
 
 may be abolished 330 266 
 
 to be cleaned 329 265 
 
 properly connected 327 265 
 
 trapped 328 265 
 
 Prize fight training forbidden 281 250 
 
 Process criminal, how served 194 82 
 
 service of, in City Court 178 77 
 
 Processions, Mayor to regulate 451 304 
 
 power de regulation of 137 61 
 
 Promotions under civil service 118 52 
 
 by Commissioners of Police and Fire Depart- 
 ments 64 32 
 
 in Fire Department, how made 55 29 
 
 of Police, how made 47 29 
 
 Public buildings, aisles free from obstructions 151 205 
 
 director to have charge of 74 35 
 
 inspector to warn 151 205 
 
 land for, city's power de 135 58 
 
 lighting and heating 151 205 
 
 not to have bills posted on, etc 18 156 
 
 power de improvement of 137 60 
 
 stairways ,. 151 205 
 
 to be inspected by Fire Marshal 57 29
 
 — Ivi — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 ruhlicatidii of assessments 81 3J> 
 
 Public conveyances, drivers to take passengers in turn 435 29(> 
 
 Mayor's orders de direction of 444 29& 
 
 not to wait elsewhere than on stands . . 426 294 
 
 scope 414 290 
 
 superintendent of police to detail inspect- 
 or 415 290 
 
 improvement not without appropriation 154 67 
 
 Library 08 45 
 
 rules 100 46 
 
 memorials 137 
 
 parks, rules and regulations 356 
 
 receptions, appropriations 44 25- 
 
 Wharf, management 103 
 
 Works . 73 35 
 
 Clerk 77 37 
 
 Department (see Department of Public Works) 
 
 Director (see Director of Public Works) 
 
 throwing substances in street a nuisance .... 325 265 
 
 to have charge of trees 536 320 
 
 prepare certificate of lien 38 KiO 
 
 Q 
 
 Qualification of office holders 146 65 
 
 Quarantine, power de establishment of 137 62 
 
 Quorum in Commissions 64 32 
 
 of Court of Common Council, how obtained 128 55- 
 
 R 
 
 Railroad bridges, appeal from orders de 134 58 
 
 cars, speed of 568 332 
 
 company may make carriage stands 426 294 
 
 to bear share of cost of pavements 566 331 
 
 clear walks on bridges 577 333 
 
 keep scales 443 298 
 
 post carriage ordinances 443 298 
 
 street regulations de 568-576 332.333 
 
 to restore streets, etc 565 331 
 
 power de regulation of 137 62 
 
 (See Street Railroad) 
 
 Railway tracks, power de cleaning of 137 61 
 
 Rate bill, how signed and prepared 592 338 
 
 of interest of liens and unpaid taxes 150. 151 66 
 
 taxation in town limits 217 92
 
 — Ivii — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Rear tenements forbidden 189 222 
 
 Mayor to al)ate 190 223 
 
 Rebuilding Imildings 18t* 217 
 
 Receipts, form of, regulated by Board of Finance 45 25 
 
 Receptions, appropriations 44 25 
 
 Record 46 162 
 
 Records and files, preservation of 45 162 
 
 Recording of liens 38 160 
 
 Records. City Clerk to keep 5 152 
 
 Records. City Clerk to keep 35 20 
 
 of department of Charities open for inspection.... 203 85 
 
 mutilation or abstraction of, penalty for 46 162 
 
 * Reduction in rank 65 32 
 
 Refining inflammable oils 621 344 
 
 Refusal of permits 53 167 
 
 Register boxes obstruction 160 209 
 
 Registered dog. penalty for interfering with 29 158 
 
 Registrar of Vital Statistics, duties, salary and bond of 208 88 
 
 reports of 208 88 
 
 Registrar of voters, election of 210 89 
 
 powers and duties of 210 89 
 
 Registration of laborers 118 52 
 
 by Board of Charities and Correction 204 86 
 
 Director of Public works, to approve when. . 76 36 
 
 Mayor 209,211 88 
 
 Relief, Board of, how appointed 210 90 
 
 funds. Commissioners to be trustees of 68 34 
 
 department clerk, to be clerk of 68 34 
 
 policemen's and firemen's 66-72 33 
 
 record of, given by Board of Charities 2o3 85 
 
 Removals, actions of Court . . . . ; 140-142 64 
 
 Removal of buildings, power de 137 61 
 
 City Attorney 191 81 
 
 court officers 165 71 
 
 heads of bureaus, how made 75 36 
 
 officers 139-144 63 
 
 civil service board to make rules 119 52 
 
 witness when not excused from testify- 
 ing 144 65 
 
 park commissioners 87 42 
 
 policemen, causes for 4o4 286 
 
 special constables 412 288 
 
 superintendent of schools 107 49 
 
 other powers of removal not curtailed 143 65 
 
 null and void, when 120 53 
 
 Repeal of acts inconsistent 199, 226 84, 94 
 
 ordinances, to be published 372 276
 
 — Iviii — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Report of assessments by Bureau of Compensaiion 80,84 38 
 
 Controller, to be made to Mayor 22 16 
 
 Relief fund, to be made to Mayor 72 35 
 
 Registrar of Vital Statistics 208 87 
 
 Superintendent of Charities, de purchases 205 86 
 
 Town Clerk 207 87 
 
 Treasurer, to be made monthly 30 19 
 
 Reports liy departments 7U 100 
 
 Rescue on way to pound 24 158 
 
 Rescuing of impounded animals, penalty for 24 158 
 
 Resistance of officers, power de punishment of 137 GU 
 
 police, penalty for 410 288 
 
 Retirement of firemen 69 34 ' 
 
 policemen 69 34 
 
 Retirement, restored 71 35 
 
 Revocation of building permit 201 226 
 
 licenses and permits 311 258 
 
 Rewards for criminals 364 274 
 
 Rights, powers and privileges of city 5 2 
 
 Riots, etc.. Mayor to suppress 12 13 
 
 suppression of 198 84 
 
 Riveting distance from edge 121 194 
 
 Riveting, method of making 120 193 
 
 spacing and strengthening 124 195 
 
 Rivets in plate girders 107 188 
 
 Roof beams, steel and wrought iron 118 192 
 
 changing 177 215 
 
 fireproof 105 187 
 
 mansard 176 215 
 
 of building not wooden 175 215 
 
 recovering 174 214 
 
 Rules of Civil Service Board, 118 52 
 
 violation of 121 53 
 
 Rules of Board of Education 106 49 
 
 Health to be published 94 44 
 
 Department of Charities and Correction 201 85 
 
 practice in City Court 175 76 
 
 procedure of Court of Common Council 127 54 
 
 public library 100 46 
 
 park commissioners, how made 88 42 
 
 s 
 
 Sale of city property, contract de 137 60 
 
 food, regulation of 94 44 
 
 power de inspection of 137 62 
 
 milk. Board of Health to regulate 94 44
 
 — lix — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Saloon concert forbidden 279 249 
 
 not to be used for voting place 52 28 
 
 Salt not to be used on sidewalk 529 318 
 
 Sand used in building 55 168 
 
 Sanitary inspectors, appointment of 95 45 
 
 jurisdiction of city 1 5 
 
 Salaries of Assessors 211 89 
 
 Board of Relief 212 90 
 
 Compensation 76 37 
 
 City Court officers 171 73 
 
 Engineer 76 37 
 
 clerks, Board of Finance to approve 157 69 
 
 clerical assistants, Board of Finance to fix 77 37 
 
 Controller not to pay when 120 53 
 
 of Director of Public Works 73 35 
 
 Inspector of Buildings 57 30 
 
 members of police department 50 27 
 
 pages 128 55 
 
 park commissioners 91 43 
 
 registrar of vital statistics 208 87 
 
 selectmen 2o9 88 
 
 superintendent of Charities 201 84 
 
 Fire Department 55 29 
 
 Police Department 50 27 
 
 S ewers 76 36 
 
 Streets 76 36 
 
 Town Clerk 207 83 
 
 to be in lieu of other compensation 40 23 
 
 have preference in payment 8 152 
 
 when payable 40 23 
 
 Scales to be inspected 634 349 
 
 weights or measures must be compared annually 37 21 
 
 School appropriation 110 50 
 
 bonds authorized 110 
 
 School, city may take land for 114 51 
 
 districts, annexation of 110, 117 51 
 
 consolidation of, how accomplished 116 51 
 
 how consolidated with city 223 93 
 
 managed 104 48 
 
 Westville and South continued . . .* 223 93 
 
 housebonds 110 
 
 money 108 50 
 
 house to borrow money for 110 
 
 houses, Fire Marshal to inspect 57 29 
 
 special appropriations for Ill 51 
 
 superintendent of 107 49 
 
 tax. Board of Finance to levy 110 51 
 
 in Westville and annex 217 92 
 
 when due and payable 150 66
 
 — Ix — 
 
 SECTION. I'Ar.i:. 
 
 Scuttle in roof 1"-1 -'1 
 
 Seal of New Haven - ^^> 
 
 Scaler of W'cights and Measures, duties 37 21 
 
 fees and salary of ()::5!i.(»44 350,351 
 
 to >tanip article-; inspected <i35 34!) 
 to approve shapes of 
 
 measures •141 351 
 
 to inspect annually <i37 350 
 
 to record and report .... 042 351 
 
 to report violations .... 043 351 
 
 to ajipoint assistants .... 37 22 
 
 to weigh hay and coal 639 350 
 
 Search warrants, city court 173 ' 75 
 
 Seat not to be defaced 497 313 
 
 Second ward 3 6 
 
 Secretary of board of education 1"0 49 
 
 park commission 91 43 
 
 civil service board 122. 123 53 
 
 Selectmen, election and terms of 209 88 
 
 powers, duties and compensation 209 88 
 
 powers and duties performed by aldermen 123 
 
 charity board. . . 200 t<C) 
 
 Service of criminal process 194 82 
 
 notice 79 38 
 
 Seventh ward 3 7 
 
 Sewer benefits assessed by aldermen 81 38 
 
 connections regulated 463 307 
 
 to be with iron pipe 461 306 
 
 construction 385 281 
 
 pipes joints 386 281 
 
 Sewerage bonds authorized 116 
 
 provided for 113 
 
 Sewers, buildings connected with 71 174 
 
 certain connections forbidden 457 306 
 
 connections with 455 305 
 
 construction of 133 57 
 
 duties of engineer 454 3o5 
 
 engines not to be connected 456 306 
 
 laid in center of streets 453 305 
 
 licensed plumbers' only to make connections 460 306 
 
 bureau of, powers of 76 37 
 
 director of to be in charge 74 35 
 
 city engineer to superintend 76 37 
 
 only one house connected 463 307 
 
 power of city 133 57 
 
 concerning laying out 137 61 
 
 superintendent of 76 36 
 
 tapping of, license fee 313 260
 
 — Ixi — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Sheds in fire district 181 217 
 
 Sheriff and constable> to assist Mayor 12 13 
 
 (see City Sheriff) 
 
 Show l)ills not allowed on street 51" 314 
 
 obscene or lewd prohibited 490 312 
 
 penalty for defacement 10 156 
 
 Shows, processions, power to regulate 137 61 
 
 Shutters, ordered by inspector 165 211 
 
 Signs on sidewalks regulated 510, 511 314 
 
 not to project into street _ 511 314 
 
 on trees prohibited 540 320 
 
 Sidewalks, coal cover to be roughed 523 317 
 
 construction or repair 82 39 
 
 crowd not to assemble 513 315 
 
 curb. etc.. appeal from order 85 41 
 
 fruit not to be thrown on 325,488 265,311 
 
 horse not to be driven on 512 315 
 
 notice for laying 449 304 
 
 obstructing 509 314 
 
 police to report, when not cleaned 408 287 
 
 power to order cleaned 137 61 
 
 orders for, how served 82 39 
 
 repair of. director to make 515 316 
 
 notices and hearing 516 316 
 
 superintendent of streets in charge of 76 36 
 
 to lay when 82 39 
 
 salt not to be used on 528 318 
 
 snow to be removed 524 317 
 
 to be kept safe 515 316 
 
 to be relaid 198 225 
 
 use of during construction 196 225 
 
 use in front of adjoining property 197 225 
 
 vaults under regulated 72 174 
 
 water not to be discharged on 514 316 
 
 wood not to be split on 482 310 
 
 Sidewalks and streets, cleaning of 524 317 
 
 coal hole covers 523 317 
 
 coal and wood on 482 310 
 
 defacement of 278 249 
 
 excavations in 316 263 
 
 permits for 47l» 308 
 
 use for building materials 195 224 
 
 Sinking fund authorized 594 338 
 
 commission 132 
 
 commissioners' bonds 159 70 
 
 committee, how appointed 594 338 
 
 Sixth ward 3 7
 
 — Ixii — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Skeleton construction 108 188 
 
 Skimmed milk, sale regulated 266 246 
 
 Skins, tanning licensed 341 268 
 
 Slaughter to be licensed 339 268 
 
 Snow bailing in street forbidden 495 312 
 
 guard near sidewalk 173 214 
 
 notice if cleaned by city 525 318 
 
 to property owners 409 287 
 
 not to be thrown into street 527 318 
 
 police instructions 408 287 
 
 power concerning 137 61 
 
 removal 82 39 
 
 to be removed from sidewalk and gutter 524-526 317 
 
 Soap factories, license for 342 268 
 
 South School district 116, 117 51 
 
 continued 223 93 
 
 Sparring regulated 280 250 
 
 Special constables, badges 365 274 
 
 appointment 47 26 
 
 appointment and removal 412 288 
 
 power de appointment 137 63 
 
 Special election ordered 9 11 
 
 meeting of aldermen 11 12 
 
 Specifications, engineer to make 76 37 
 
 Speed allowed 504 313 
 
 of cars 568 332 
 
 Spitting health rule 354 
 
 Spittoon to be lined 258 243 
 
 Springside home and farm, superintendent 204 86 
 
 Spirituous liquors, dancing in saloon forbidden 279 249 
 
 Square?, carpets not to be beaten on 494 312 
 
 fireworks prohibited on 496 312 
 
 power of aldermen 132 56 
 
 Sprinkling streets, assessments and liens 136 58 
 
 liens to take priority 83 40 
 
 to avoid vehicles 354 271 
 
 Stables to be kept clean 337 267 
 
 Stand forbidden in street 493 312 
 
 State Attorney to prosecute city officers 141 64 
 
 Stationery and supplies 21 16 
 
 Steamboat gang-plank 578 333 
 
 Steam boilers, board of supervisors 579 334 
 
 duties 580 334 
 
 inspector 581 334 
 
 not to be set without permission 583 335 
 
 license fee 313 260 
 
 rules and regulations 579,590 334
 
 — Ixiii — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Steam pipe;^, construction 161 209 
 
 whistles, Mayor maj' prohibit '^ol 270 
 
 Steel and iron work to be painted 127 196 
 
 columns 109 189 
 
 fiber stress I'Hj 187 
 
 floor beams 106.118 187,192 
 
 Stenographer 171 73 
 
 in city court 109 
 
 Steps from sidewalk -^21 317 
 
 Stolen property 67 34 
 
 Stove-pipes, location '. 158 207 
 
 Stoves, location 157 207 
 
 Stones, setting regulated 68 173 
 
 Street railroads, car^ stopping regulated 5<i7 314 
 
 regulations concerning 565-576 331-333 
 
 speed of 568 332 
 
 power to regulate speed 137 61 
 
 assessments, how collected 136 59 
 
 management 569-575 332 
 
 to conform to grades 565 331 
 
 to pay for pavements 106 
 
 to restore pavements 565 331 
 
 to pay cost of pavements 566 331 
 
 to sprinkle streets 136 59 
 
 Streets 132 56 
 
 benefits assessed by aldermen 81 38 
 
 obstructed hy building materials 195 224 
 
 only during construction 196 225 
 
 adjoining property 197 225 
 
 passage around 195 224 
 
 bureau of 76 36 
 
 carpets not to be shaken 494 312 
 
 cart not to be left 502 313 
 
 carting timber regulated 479 310 
 
 cleaning, director in charge 74 35 
 
 control of aldermen 132 56 
 
 connections to be made before paving 468 308 
 
 cesspools forbidden 458 306 
 
 excavations regulated 470-476 30& 
 
 a nuisance 316 263 
 
 near street to be fenced 492 312 
 
 director to make connections 469 308 
 
 excavations, how filled 479 310 
 
 encroachments on 314 263 
 
 fireworks regulated 496 312 
 
 games forbidden 495 312 
 
 hand-bills forbidden 489 312
 
 — Ixiv — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Streets, laj-out and extcnsiDii l-'j-'i '»^ 
 
 power concerning l'j< Gl 
 
 referred to jiulilic works 76 37 
 
 numbering 2"i(3.-Ji»7 228 
 
 engineer's dutj- -i'tO 304 
 
 manure not to be removed 4!»1 312 
 
 obscene pictures forbidden in 490 31"2 
 
 obstruction forbidden 483 311 
 
 a nuisance 315 263 
 
 opening of 132 56 
 
 regulated 467 307 
 
 director to supervise 472 308 
 
 expense of supervision 472 308 
 
 license fee 313 260 
 
 permit for 470 308 
 
 sewer connections 464 307 
 
 paving act 106 
 
 power of aldermen 132 56 
 
 liens to take priority 33 40 
 
 assessments for _ 137 61 
 
 expense of restoring 475 309 
 
 pavement bonds 106 
 
 restoration of 476 309 
 
 by railroad 565 331 
 
 private opening regulated 467 307 
 
 power de excavations 137 61 
 
 laying out and grading 137 61 
 
 numbering 137 61 
 
 refuse in 487 311 
 
 repair of by aldermen 132 56 
 
 signs in 53 28 
 
 sprinkling 136 58 
 
 snow not be thrown into 527 318 
 
 stands forbidden 493 312 
 
 superintendent 76 36 
 
 trees, planting regulated 536 320 
 
 turf not to be cut 480 310 
 
 wood or coal not to remain 482 310 
 
 Stress for riveted plate girders 107 188 
 
 Subpoenas 131 56 
 
 Suit, Corporation Counsel to bring 16 15 
 
 rights of city 2 5 
 
 Superintendent of charities 201 84 
 
 purchasing agent 205 86 
 
 of departments, powers and duties 60 31 
 
 of fire alarm telegraph 55 29
 
 — Ixv — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Superintendent of parks, appointment 91 43 
 
 power to arrest 88 42 
 
 of scliools, appointment and duties 106 49 
 
 removal 1<'7 49 
 
 reports loT 49 
 
 of sewers 76 36 
 
 of Springside 204 86 
 
 of streets, duties 76 36 
 
 to lay walks and remove snow. ... 82 39 
 
 Superior court, notices by judge 79 38 
 
 Supernumaries, appointment 47 26 
 
 Supervisor of boilers, appointment 579 334 
 
 duties 581 334 
 
 Supplies for city 156 67 
 
 to be furnisbed by each department 59 30 
 
 for office, how purchased 157 69 
 
 and stationery, controller to furnish 21 16 
 
 Surety company bond 155 67 
 
 Suspension from office pending hearing 141 64 
 
 by chiefs 60 31 
 
 after hearing 65 32 
 
 Swimming regulated 277 249 
 
 Swine, license for keeping 337 267 
 
 impounded 23 157 
 
 T 
 
 Tanneries, regulations de 341 268 
 
 Tanning licensed 341 268 
 
 Taxation, of costs of appeal 83 41 
 
 oyster grounds 217 92 
 
 13th. 14th and 15th wards 217 92 
 
 rate of 44 24 
 
 Tax liens, levy by Board of Finance 44 24 
 
 to be signed by Collector 31 19 
 
 Tax collector (see Collector) 
 
 Taxes abated 133 
 
 abatement of, notice of to Collector 32 20 
 
 abatement 593 338 
 
 Collector to collect 31 19 
 
 discounting of 45 25 
 
 exemption 595 338 
 
 how laid 591 338 
 
 may lay special 591 338 
 
 payment enforced 32 20 
 
 priority of 83 40 
 
 procedure 592 338
 
 — Ixvi — 
 
 SF-CTKlN. TAGE. 
 
 Taxes, school, Hoard of Finance to levy 110 50 
 
 town, to be collected by city 215 01 
 
 warrant for collection of 31 19 
 
 when payable 150 66 
 
 interest on 150 66 
 
 Telegraph, fire alarm, superintendent of, duties of 55 29 
 
 police alarm, penalty for cutting 413 288 
 
 wires 645 352 
 
 Telephone wires 645 352 
 
 Telford pavements, watering of 531-533 319 
 
 Templates under all floor beams 110 193 
 
 Tenement house act 138 
 
 Tenements, rear, prohibited 189 222 
 
 Tenth ward 3 8 
 
 Territorial limits of city 1 5 
 
 Testimony of witness, when not to be used against him 144 65 
 
 Text books. Board of Education to designate 107 49 
 
 Theater aisles 134 198 
 
 free from obstructions 151 205 
 
 capacity of corridors 131 198 
 
 corridors to be kept free 130 197 
 
 curtain fireproof 140 201 
 
 doorways 145 203 
 
 existing to comply 128 196 
 
 exit signs and lights 146 203 
 
 exits size 145 203 
 
 fireproof paint 141 202 
 
 floor levels 133 198 
 
 galleries 143 202 
 
 heating 136 189 
 
 hose 150 205 
 
 license, to be withheld, when 129 197 
 
 lighting 147 204 
 
 exit 148 204 
 
 open court on both sides 130 197 
 
 partition walls 137 200 
 
 scenery to be fireproofed 141 202 
 
 seats 132 198 
 
 skylights 144 202 
 
 stairways 145, 136 203, 199 
 
 storage room 142 202 
 
 to be fire proof 128 196 
 
 ventilators 144 202 
 
 wall separating stage 138 201 
 
 water curtain 130 201 
 
 pipes 149 204 
 
 plugs and hose 139 201 
 
 workshop 142 202
 
 — Ixvii — 
 
 Theatrical performance to be licensed 
 
 Third ward 
 
 Thirteenth ward 
 
 full rights 
 
 taxes 
 
 rights 
 
 Tie vote, how settled 
 
 in Police Board, how dissolved 
 
 Tide water, compensation for displacement 
 
 erection in 
 
 Town and city, consolidation of 
 
 Town Clerk, bond of 
 
 duties 
 
 election of 
 
 fees to go into City Treasury 
 
 report of 
 
 salaries of assistants 
 
 to record certificates of liens 
 
 constables, election of 
 
 deposit fund agents 
 
 elections, city to pay expense of 
 
 health officers, no jurisdiction in town 
 
 election and terms of 
 
 meeting 
 
 nominations for, when made 
 
 of New Haven, powers in city 
 
 powers, transferred to city 
 
 {fi'operty vested in city 
 
 school fund, to be paid to Treasurer 
 
 Trade 596-631 
 
 Training for prize fights, penalty for 
 
 Transfers of appropriations, how made 
 
 permitted, how 
 
 to veteran reserve force 
 
 Treasurer, accounts to be audited daily 
 
 bonds 
 
 clerical expenses of 
 
 Controller to audit accounts daily 
 
 deposit of funds 
 
 duties 
 
 election of , 
 
 liquor license fee, when 
 
 office and hours 367, 28 
 
 of library, to sign orders 
 
 order drawn upon 
 
 of payments 
 
 receipts to be in duplicate 
 
 SECTION. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 16 
 
 155 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 218 
 
 92 
 
 217 
 
 92 
 
 216 
 
 92 
 
 9 
 
 11 
 
 49 
 
 26 
 
 
 97 
 
 
 98 
 
 215 
 
 91 
 
 207 
 
 87 
 
 207 
 
 87 
 
 210 
 
 89 
 
 207 
 
 87 
 
 207 
 
 87 
 
 2(17 
 
 87 
 
 86, 136 
 
 41,58 
 
 209 
 
 88 
 
 225 
 
 93 
 
 210 
 
 89 
 
 94 
 
 .44 
 
 210 
 
 89 
 
 220 
 
 93 
 
 147 
 
 66 
 
 219 
 
 93 
 
 200 
 
 84 
 
 215 
 
 91 
 
 108 
 
 50 
 
 596-631 
 
 340 
 
 281 
 
 250 
 
 44 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 17 
 
 51 
 
 27 
 
 22 
 
 17 
 
 28 
 
 19 
 
 28 
 
 19 
 
 23 
 
 17 
 
 29 
 
 19 
 
 28 
 
 19 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 QQ 
 
 33 
 
 367,28 
 
 19 
 
 103 
 
 47 
 
 25 
 
 17 
 
 30 
 
 19 
 
 38 
 
 21
 
 — Ixviii — 
 
 SKtTION. I'AGF.. 
 
 Troasuror, reports <>{ lidard nf I'^inancc 3i> l!) 
 
 salary of 4" 28 
 
 school funds In8 50 
 
 to be treasurer of relief funds 68 34 
 
 keep library fund 1"-^ 47 
 
 pay orders drawn by Clerk of City Court .... !<•!' 73 
 
 report monthly 3i> lit 
 
 countersign all bonds 216 281 
 
 receive deposits daily from Collector 83 20 
 
 Trees, horses not to be fastened to 588 320 
 
 in charge of department of public works 586 32n 
 
 not to be inj ured 587 82n 
 
 power de planting and removal of 187 62 
 
 protection of not to be injured 530 320 
 
 signs, advertisements on. prohibited 540 320 
 
 Trespass 632 348 
 
 Trusses pin connected 125 105 
 
 riveted 124 105 
 
 stresses on 126 l!>(i 
 
 Trusts, city empowered to accept 162 7n 
 
 public, power to accept 187 62 
 
 Tuberculosis, regulations concerning 354 
 
 Twelfth ward 3 
 
 Two offices 161 70 
 
 u 
 
 Unanimous consent required, when 129 55 
 
 Unclaimed and lost 7 34 
 
 Unexpired terms, appointments for 140 66 
 
 Unlawful assemblies, suppression of 198 84 
 
 Unpaid taxes, interest on 150 66 
 
 Unsafe buildings, duty of Fire Department 55 29 
 
 Marshal de 57 29 
 
 V 
 
 Vacancy filling 149 66 
 
 in Board of Education, how filled 105 48 
 
 Fire Board, how filled 56 29 
 
 office, how filled 222 93 
 
 of Mayor, how filled 10 11 
 
 offices, power de filling of 137 63 
 
 president of Council Boards, how filled 126 54 
 
 on Park Commission, how filled 87 41 
 
 Vaults under sidewalks 72 174
 
 Ixix — 
 
 SECTION. 
 
 Vehicle licensed shall accept first 435 
 
 license transfer 421 
 
 power de speed of 137 
 
 refusal to pay 433 
 
 (See public conveyances.) 
 
 Veteran reserve 51 
 
 compensation regulated 50 
 
 \'eto. how resolution, etc.. passed over 11 
 
 power of Mayor 11 
 
 V'ice. power de prevention of 137 
 
 \'iolation of ordinances, penalty for 137 
 
 park rules. City Attorney to prosecute 88 
 
 rules of burial grounds 213 
 
 Vital statistics 208 
 
 (See Registrar of Vital Statistics.) 
 
 Vote, by ayes and nays, how ordered 1"27 
 
 Mayor may vote in police board, when 40 
 
 on elections in Board of Aldermen . . .'. 130 
 
 plurality 9 
 
 required to alter estimates 44 
 
 Voters, selectmen to make 209 
 
 who eligible to vote for city officers 5 
 
 Voting districts, how established 4 
 
 list of. to be furnished Mayor and selectmen ' 52 
 
 police commissioners to select 52 
 
 regulation by Superintendent of Police .... 52 
 
 use of saloons, prohibited 52 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 29(J 
 
 291 
 
 61 
 
 296 
 
 12 
 12 
 60 
 60 
 42 
 230 
 87 
 
 54 
 26 
 56 
 11 
 24 
 88 
 10 
 10 
 27 
 27 
 
 w 
 
 \\'alks. cleaning of. by Superintendent of Streets, when .... 82 39 
 etc.. layout to be referred to Department of Public 
 
 Works 78 37 
 
 power of Court of Common Council 132 56 
 
 Walls of buildings 73-l(>4 175 
 
 ashlar thickness 82. 178 
 
 bearing walls .73 175 
 
 non-bearing walls 74 175 
 
 bonding brick walls 81 178 
 
 business buildings 76 176 
 
 churches, theaters, etc 78 177 
 
 curtain walls 80 177 
 
 foundation construed 63 171 
 
 increased by length of span 77 ■ 176 
 
 one-story structures 79 177 
 
 openings for doors and windows 90 181 
 
 partitions 75 175
 
 — Ixx 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Walls party, use of 83 178 
 
 protected fil 170 
 
 recesses and chases 89 181 
 
 shafts, walls of light or ventilation 87 179 
 
 to be braced 85 179 
 
 to be built uniformly 84 179 
 
 Warning of .city meetings and elections, power de 137 63 
 
 Ward officers, elected, when 7,8 10 
 
 terms extended 10 
 
 of city 3 4 
 
 division into, voting district 4 10 
 
 outlying, how brought under full city jurisdiction. .. . 218 92 
 
 Warrant for arrest of aldermen 128 55 
 
 collection of taxes 31 19 
 
 Warrants, not to be issued unless fund exist 24 17 
 
 to show on what accounts they are drawn 23 17 
 
 when necessary 197 83 
 
 Water-closets, regulation de 378,379 278 
 
 Watering carts, license fees 313 261 
 
 pavements 531, 533 319 
 
 streets, regulation de 354 271 
 
 power of Court of Common Council de.. . 136 58 
 
 Water mains, power de laying of 137 61 
 
 pipes, location 163 210 
 
 or hydrant opening regulated 253 270 
 
 Weapons, concealed, penalty for carrying 283 270 
 
 Webster district to borrow money to build school house .... 110 
 
 Weekly payments to employes 562 329 
 
 Weights and Measures, Sealer of 37 21 
 
 powers and duties of .... 634-644 849-351 
 
 Weighers, etc., appointment of 361 273 
 
 Weights, scales and measures, to be tested annually 37 21 
 
 to be inspected 634 349 
 
 Well, use of 344 268 
 
 West River, power over 133 57 
 
 Westville. school district 223 91 
 
 school 116 51 
 
 Wharfage 558 326 
 
 Wharf in Harbor 101 
 
 Wharves 132 56 
 
 Wharfs, city given right to build 103 ' 
 
 Wheelbarrows on sidewalks, prohibited 512 315 
 
 Whistle blowing regulated 351 270 
 
 White-iish transporting to be licensed 320 264 
 
 Windows, openings for 90 181 
 
 Wires, attachments to insulator 648 353 
 
 distance apart 647 353
 
 — Ixxi — 
 
 SECTION. PAGE. 
 
 Wires, electric, height of 646 352 
 
 construction 164 210 
 
 poHce and fire alarm, where to run 645 352 
 
 regulated 645 352 
 
 trolley, feed wires, how protected 648 353 
 
 use of. to be inspected 58 30 
 
 Witnesses before Boards 131 56 
 
 subpoena and capias for 188 80 
 
 when not to be excused from testifying 144 65 
 
 Witness fees, not to be paid when 190 81 
 
 Woman eligible for Board of Education ' 146 65 
 
 Wooden beams, use governed 182 218 
 
 buildings, height restricted 183 220 
 
 constructed 184 220 
 
 prohibited in fire district 179 216 
 
 Wood, how measured 602 341 
 
 not to remain on streets 482 310 
 
 sawing of, on sidewalk, prohibited 482 310 
 
 Workhouses, power of city 206 87 
 
 Wrought iron fiber stress 106 187 
 
 Y 
 
 Yards and premises, to be kept cleanly 336 267 
 
 Year book, by whom shall be compiled 36 21 
 
 Young Men's Institute, contracts with 100 46
 
 Ordinance db Express Stands. 
 
 Be it ordained by the Board of Aldermen of the City of New Haven: 
 
 Sec. 423 The following places in said city are designated as 
 stands for express and baggage wagons exclusively : 
 
 The southeast side of Broad Street, between Oak Street and 
 Commerce Street ; Chapel Street, north side, between College Street 
 and a point 228 feet west of the west line of the roadway of Temple 
 Street. 
 
 The driver of any such express or baggage wagon shall be 
 required to remain upon said wagon or alongside thereof while said 
 wagon shall remain upon the public stand. 
 
 Adopted by the Board of Aldermen October 28, igoy . 
 Approved by the Mayor, October 31 igoj. 
 Operative and in effect November S, igoj. 
 
 Attest: EDWARD A. STREET, 
 
 City Clerk.
 
 Ordinance de Ticket Speculation. 
 
 Be it ordained by the Board of Aldermen of the City of New Haven : 
 
 Sec. 19 a. I. All tickets of admission to- public places of 
 amusement, performance, sport, exhibition or athletic contest, shall 
 have printed on them in a conspicuous manner the price for which 
 they are to be sold and the date or dates for which they are issued. 
 
 2. No person, persons or corporation shall sell or offer for sale 
 in or upon any street, park, alley, or other public place in the City 
 of New Haven, an)- ticket, privilege, or license of admission to any 
 place of public amusement, performance, sport, exhibition, or 
 athletic contest ; nor shall any person, persons or corporations sell 
 or offer for sale anywhere within said City of New Haven any 
 ticket, privilege, or license of admission to any place of public 
 amusement, performance, sport, exhibition or athletic contest at a 
 price greater than the price printed thereon, or at a price greater 
 than the actual or fixed price of admission to such place of public 
 amusement, performance, sport, exhibition, or athletic contest. 
 
 3. Any person, persons or corporation violating any of the pro- 
 visions of this ordinance shall be fined not less than $10.00 nor 
 more than $100 for each offense, and the sale of each ticket sold in 
 violation of any provision of this ordinance shall constitute a sepa- 
 rate and distinct offense. 
 
 Adopted by the Board 0/ Aldermen, September jo, igcj. 
 Approved by the Mayor, October 8, igoj. 
 Operative and in effect October /j, igoj. 
 
 Attest: EDWARD A. STREET, 
 
 City Clerk.
 
 Ordinance de Ticket Speculation. 
 
 Be it ordained by the Board of Aldermen of the City of New Haven : 
 
 Sec. 19 a. I. All tickets of admission to public places of 
 amusement, performance, sport, exhibition or athletic contest, shall 
 have printed on them in a conspicuous manner the price for which 
 they are to be sold and the date or dates for which they are issued. 
 
 2. No person, persons or corporation shall sell or offer for sale 
 in or upon any street, park, alley, or other public place in the City 
 of New Haven, any ticket, privilege, or license of admission to any 
 place of public amusement, performance, sport, exhibition, or 
 athletic contest ; nor shall any person, persons or corporations sell 
 or offer for sale anywhere within said City of New Haven any 
 ticket, privilege, or license of admission to any place of public 
 amusement, performance, sport, exhibition or athletic contest at a 
 price greater than the price printed thereon, or at a price greater 
 than the actual or fixed price of admission to such place of public 
 amusement, performance, sport, exhibition, or athletic contest. 
 
 3. Any person, persons or corporation violating any of the pro- 
 visions of this ordinance shall be fined not less than $10.00 nor 
 more than $100 for each offense, and the sale of each ticket sold in 
 violation of any provision of this ordinance shall constitute a sepa- 
 rate and distinct offense. 
 
 Adopted by the Board of Aldermen, September ^o, igcj. 
 Approved by the Mayor, October 8, igoj. 
 Operative and in effect October i^, igoj. 
 
 Attest: EDWARD A. STREET, 
 
 City Clerk.
 
 Ordinance db Express Stands. 
 
 Be it ordained by the Board of Aldermen of the City of Neiv Haven: 
 
 Sec. 423 The following places in said city are designated as 
 stands for express and baggage wagons exclusively : 
 
 The southeast side of Broad Street, between Oak Street and 
 Commerce Street ; Chapel Street, north side, between College Street 
 and a point 228 feet west of the west line of the roadway of Temple 
 Street. 
 
 The driver of any such express or baggage wagon shall be 
 required to remain upon said wagon or alongside thereof while said 
 wagon shall remain upon the public stand. 
 
 Adopted by the Board of Alder men October 28, 1907 
 Approved by the Mayor, October 31 igoj. 
 (Operative and in effect November 8, J 907. 
 
 Attest: EDWARD A. STREET, 
 
 City Clerk.
 
 Ordinance de Concerning Music in Restaurants and Hotels, 
 
 Amending Section 279 of the Ordinances of 
 
 THE City of New Haven. 
 
 Be it ordained by the Board of Aldermen of the City of Nezv Haven : 
 
 Sec. 279. Every concert saloon, and every place, enclosure, or 
 structure in said city, in which spirituous liquors, ale, wine or lager 
 beer is commonly sold, or given away, or reputed to be sold, or 
 given away, and in which any exhibition of dancing, acting, singing 
 or music is also permitted ; and all separate, but contiguous, or 
 nearly contiguous structures, used or intended to be used, in con- 
 nection with each other, for the selling or giving away in one, 
 spirituous liquors, ale, wine or lager beer, and also for any such 
 exhibition in the other, shall be deemed a common nuisance ; and 
 every person keeping any such saloon, place, enclosure, structure 
 or structures, and every person taking part in any such exhibition 
 therein, shall be deemed guilty of counseling and maintaining a 
 common nuisance, and shall forfeit and pay not less than ten, nor 
 more than one hundred dollars for every such offense. 
 
 Provided, however, that the Chief of Police with the advice and 
 consent of the mayor, may issue a license to the proprietors of 
 hotels and bonafide restaurants deemed to be respectable by said 
 Chief, which license shall permit said licensees to have orchestral 
 or instrumental music in their dining rooms during such hours as 
 may be prescribed by said Chief of Police. 
 
 The fee for said license to be charged and paid shall be $5.00 
 and said license shall be revokable at the discretion of said Chief. 
 
 Amended by the Board of Aldermen, July 2, ipo6. 
 Approved by the Mayor, July 10, 1906. 
 Operative and in effect July 18, 1906. 
 
 Attest: EDWARD A. STREET, 
 
 City Clerk.
 
 to Market street ; through the center of Market street to Haven 
 street ; through the center of Haven street to Exchange street ; 
 through the center of Exchange street to James Street; through 
 the center of James street to Wolcott street; through the center 
 of Wolcott street to Mill street ; through the center of Mill street 
 to Chapel street ; through the center of Chapel street to the 
 channel of Mill River; to the center of Tomlinson Bridge, to the 
 end of Long Wharf, thence by straight line^ to the point of 
 beginning. 
 
 Arnendnicnt adopted by the Board of Aldermen, Dec. p, 190"/. 
 Approved by the Mayor, Dec. 11, igo"/. 
 Operative and in effect, Dec. ip, ipo/. 
 
 Attest: EDWARD A. STREET, 
 
 Cit\i Clerk.
 
 Amendment to Ordinance, Section 56, de Fire District. 
 
 Be it ordained by the Board of Aldermen of the City of Nezv 
 Haven : 
 
 Sec. 56. The portion of the City included within the following 
 boundaries shall be known as the fire district, namely : 
 
 Beginning at the intersection of West Water street with the 
 New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad, and thence following 
 the tracks of said Railroad to Cedar street through the center of 
 Cedar street to the center of Minor street, through the center of 
 Minor street to the center of Howard avenue ; through the center 
 of Howard avenue to a point 200 feet south of Congress avenue ; 
 thence in a westerly direction parallel with Congress avenue to 
 the center of Daggett street ; through the center of Daggett street 
 to the center of Congress avenue ; through the center of Cengress 
 avenue to the center of Ward street ; through the center of Ward 
 street to a point 200 feet north of the center line of Congress 
 avenue ; thence in an easterly direction and parallel with the center 
 line of Congress avenue to the center of Howard avenue ; through 
 the center of Howard avenue to the center of Howe street ; through 
 the center of Howe street and Dixwell avenue to Bristol street; 
 thence in an easterly direction in a straight line, through the 
 center of Bristol street to the center of Ashmun street; through 
 the center of Ashmun street to the center of Lock street ; through 
 the center of Lock street to a point midway between the rails of 
 the New Haven & Northampton Railroad, to the center of Sachem 
 street; through the center of Sachem street to the center of 
 Whitney avenue ; through the center of Whitney avenue to a 
 point 185 feet south of Humphrey street, thence in an easterly 
 direction in a line parallel with Humphrey street ; to the center 
 of Orange street, thence in a southerly direction to the center of 
 Clark street; through the center of Clark street to the center of 
 State street; through the center of State street, to a point 110 feet 
 west of the west line of Mill Riverstreet measuring at a right angle 
 with said west line ; thence in a southerly direction and parallel 
 with the westerly line of Mill River street to the center of Walnut 
 street; through the center of Walnut street to the tracks of the 
 New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad Co., and following 
 the tracks to James street; through the center of James street
 
 be at least eight feet in the clear above the sidewalk. No canopy, 
 canvas or other awning requiring vertical supports shall extend 
 into the street and over the sidewalk except by consent of the 
 board of aldermen. Any awning or post supporting the same, 
 heretofore erected, shall not be affected by the provisions of the 
 foregoing ordinance. But it shall be the duty of the Director of 
 Public Works to carefully examine all awnings and the supports 
 thereof, and if in his opinion the awnings or fJosts supporting the 
 same, are unsafe, the owner shall, within ten days after notification 
 by the Director of Public Works, make such changes as the Di- 
 rector of Public Works deems necessary for public safety, and in 
 all cases where existing posts are deemed by the Director of Pul.lic 
 Works to be unsafe, it shall be the duty of the owner to replace them 
 with posts made of iron, and all such posts shall be kept painted. 
 The Director of Public Works may give permission for the erection 
 of temporary structures of canvas for weddings or other social 
 functions. 
 
 Amended by the Board of Aldermen, July 2, jpo6. 
 Approved by the Mayor, July 11, ipo6. 
 Operative and in effect July ip, ipo6. 
 
 Attest: EDWARD A. STREET, 
 
 City Clerk.
 
 n 
 
 Ordinance de Street Signs and Show Bills, Etc., Over Street 
 
 Line, Amending Section 511 of the Ordinances 
 
 OF the City of New Haven. 
 
 Be it ordained by the Board of Aldermen of the City of Ne7v Haven : 
 
 Sec. 511. No sign, show bill, show board, goods, wares, mer- 
 chandise or other thing shall project into any street beyond the 
 street line ; provided, however, that a sign, show bill or show board 
 of wood or metal and so attached to a building as to be stationary 
 and so that it shall not swing or turn, its lowest part being not 
 less than eight feet above the sidewalk, may, when constructed and 
 secured in a manner approved by the Director of Public Works, 
 extend into the street beyond the street line a distance not exceed- 
 ing three feet from the street line ; and provided further that when 
 and so long as constructed, secured and operated in a manner ap- 
 proved by the Director of Public Works, a clock, without names 
 or advertisements painted or in any other manner affixed thereon 
 and not exceeding three feet in diameter and the lowest part of 
 which shall be not less than eight feet above the sidewalk, may be 
 attached to an iron post placed next to and along the inside of the 
 curbstone; and provided further that, subject to the regulation by 
 the Director of Public Works as to material, size, method of sus- 
 pension and time of display, banners or flags may be suspendea 
 across or over the streets and sidewalks which may have indicated 
 or affixed upon them names of political parties and of candidates 
 for office and portraits of such candidates. No flag or banner shaP 
 be used for advertising purposes. 
 
 All posts fixed in any street for the purpose of supporting any 
 awning shall be of iron not exceeding four inches in diameter and 
 the rail crossing the same shall be of iron. The said post shall be 
 placed next to and along the inside of the curb stone, and the cross 
 rail which is extended to support the awning shall not be less than 
 eight nor more than ten feet in height above the sidewalk, and the 
 said cross rail shall be strongly secured to the upright posts. 
 
 Drop awnings, made of canvas, without vertical supports, must 
 in no case extend beyond eight feet from the building, and must 
 
 (over)
 
 Ordinance de Loitering of Children in Public Places. 
 
 Be it ordained by the Board of Aldermen of the City of New Haven: 
 
 Sec. 283 A. i. No child under the age of fourteen years shall 
 be allowed to loiter upon any street, alley or public place within the 
 corporate limits of the City of New Haven between the hours of ten 
 o'clock P. M. and three o'clock A. AI. unless accompanied by its 
 parent or guardian. 
 
 2. No parent or guardian shall allow any child under the age 
 of fourteen years under the care, custody or control of said parent 
 or guardian to loiter upon any street, alley or public place within 
 the corporate limits of the City of New Haven between the hours 
 of ten o'clock P. M. and three o'clock A. M. unless accompanied 
 by said parent or guardian. 
 
 3. No child under the age of fourteen years shall be allowed to 
 peddle or sell upon any street, alley or public place within the cor- 
 porate limits of the City of New Haven between the hours of ten 
 o'clock P. M. and three o'clock A. M. any newspapers, periodicals 
 or other articles of merchandise. 
 
 4. No parent or guardian shall allow any child under the age of 
 fourteen years under the care, custody or control of said parent or 
 guardian to peddle or sell upon any street, alley or public place 
 within the corporate limits of the City of New Haven between the 
 hours of ten o'clock P. M. and three o'clock A. M. any newspapers, 
 periodicals or other articles of merchandse. 
 
 5. Any child violating any of the provisions of Sections One 
 and Three of this act shall be fined not more than twenty-five dol- 
 lars. Any person violating any of the provisions of Sections Two 
 and Four of this act shall be fined not more than fifty dollars. 
 
 Adopted by the Board of Aldermen, February 5, ipo6. 
 Approved by the Mayor, February 7, ipo6. 
 Operative and in effect February 16, igo6. 
 
 Attest: EDWARD A. STREET, 
 
 City Clerk.
 
 Ordinance de IvICEnses for Sale and Storage of Inflam- 
 mable Oils, etc. 
 
 Be it ordained by the Board of Aldermen of the City of Neiv Haven : 
 
 Sec. 622. No person shall receive a license to sell or keep on 
 sale or storage any of the substances mentioned in this heading upon 
 any street or wharf nor in any building or place not approved by 
 the Fire Marshal, nor upon any floor of a building above the j5rst 
 floor, nor in any receptacle except in the original unbroken receptacle 
 in which they are shipped, or in metallic vessels approved in writing 
 by the Fire Marshal. 
 
 Adopted by Board of Aldermen, April 23, igo6. 
 Approved by the Mayor, April 2j, igo6. 
 Operative and in effect May i, igo6. 
 
 Attest: EDWARD A. STREET, 
 
 City Clerk.
 
 Ordinance de Licenses for Theatrical Exhibitions, Pulu.ic 
 
 Amusements and Exhibitions of any Description and 
 
 Regulating the Display of Bill Posters, Amending 
 
 Sections i6, 17 and 313 of the Ordinances of 
 
 THE City of New Haven.' 
 
 Be it ordained by the Board of Aldermen of the City of Nez^ Haven : 
 
 Sec. 16. The chief of police, may issue a license as provided in 
 the ordinance concerning Hcenses and permits, for any pubHc con- 
 cert, dance, play, farce, show, tragedy, comedy, pantomine, or other 
 theatrical or dramatic performance, exhibition of gymnastics, dex- 
 terity, or skill, circus or exhibition of animals or curiosities, for 
 gain, specifying in such license the time and particular place of ex- 
 hibition, provided that no part of said exhibition, show or perform- 
 ance shall be contrary to the statutes of this state, or the ordinances 
 of said city. 
 
 Every person who shall take any part, as actor, manager or agent 
 in any such show, exhibition, dance, or performance, and every 
 owner or other person having charge of any building, room or 
 premises in said city, who shall suffer or permit therein such show, 
 exhibition, dance, or performance, without a license being first ob- 
 tained therefor, as aforesaid, shall forfeit and pay a penalty of not 
 less than twenty, nor more than one hundred dollars for every such 
 offense. 
 
 Amended by the Board of Aldermen. July 2, ipo6, 
 Approved by the Mayor. July 11, 1906. 
 Operative and in effect July ig, igo6. 
 
 Attest: EDWARD A. STREET. 
 
 City Clerk.
 
 Sec. 267b. It shall be unlawful for any person to have in his pos- 
 session with intent to sell, offer, or expose for sale or sell, deliver, for 
 sale or consumption within said City of New Haven any milk in which 
 ice has been placed. 
 
 Sec. 268. Each licensee shall, before engaging in the sale of milk, 
 cause the name and number of his license to be legibly placed and 
 kept in a conspicuous place on each side of the outer side of all car- 
 riages, wagons, carts, sleighs or other vehicles used by him in the 
 conveyance and sale of milk. Each licensee shall, before offering 
 for sale or delivery in the City of New Haven milk bought or furnished 
 from any other persons or localities than those stated in his applica- 
 tion for license, file with the board of health a written statement of the 
 names of the persons from whom such new supply is to be obtained 
 and the localities from which it shall be produced. 
 
 Adopted by the Boaid of Aldermen, December ^, igo6. 
 Approved by the Mayor, December 6, rgo6. 
 Operative and in effect, December /j, igo6. 
 
 Attest: EDWARD A. STREET, 
 
 City Clerk
 
 Ordinance de Sale and Delivery of "Milk of the Ordi- 
 nances OF THE City of New Haven. 
 
 /)<■ // ordained b\ the Board of .lldcriiicn of the City of .\c7v Haven: 
 
 Sec. 267. It shall be unlawful for any person to have in his posses- 
 sion, with intent to sell, offer or expose for sale, or sell, deliver for 
 sale, or consumption within this city, any milk without having first 
 obtained from the board of health a license so to do, which license 
 shall be issued on application in writing to said board of health, upon 
 blanks provided for such purpose, and on payment to said board of 
 health of a license fee of fifty cents. Said license shall not be assigna- 
 ble, shall be effective until the first of May next ensuing, and may 
 be renewed for one year upon its expiration, on application and pay- 
 ment of said fee as aforesaid, but the said board of health shall have 
 the right and authority to refuse to license any person who has violated 
 any of the provisions of this ordinance, and may revoke and cancel 
 such license, at any time, for a violation of the provisions of this ordi- 
 nance. Every application for a license shall contain a statement of 
 the names of the persons other than the applicant from whom such 
 applicant buys or receives milk for the purpose of selling the same 
 within the City of New Haven, and the locality from which the milk 
 so bought or furnished is produced. 
 
 Sec. 267 a. It shall be unlawful for any person to have in his 
 possession with intent to sell, offer or expose for sale, or sell, deliver 
 for sale, or consumption within this city, any milk in cans, pails or 
 receptacles without covers and which do not comply with such regula- 
 tions as may be from time to time made by the board of health re- 
 lating thereto. 
 
 It shall be unlawful to fill bottles at any place within the limits of 
 the City of New Haven other than a dairy or milk depot, nor until 
 such bottles shall have been thoroughly cleansed; and it shall be un- 
 lawful for any person to have in his possession with intent to sell, offer 
 or expose for sale, or sell, deliver for sale, or consumption within said 
 city, any milk in bottles which shall have been placed in such bottles 
 at any place in the City of New Haven other than a dairy or milk 
 depot as aforesaid.
 
 [Siihstituto for Ilonso Bill Xo. 45G. | 
 ('IIAPTI]R 71. 
 
 A Public Act concerning the Assessment and Collection of Tax^s in the 
 Town of Ni-'w Haven. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General 
 Assembly convened: 
 
 Section 1. The assessors of the town and city of New Haven shall, 
 on or before the first day of June, annually, post on the signpost in said 
 city, or publish in one or more newspapers published in said city, a notice 
 requiring all persons therein liable to pay taxes to bring in written or 
 printed lists of the taxable property belonging to them on the first day 
 of June in that year. 
 
 Sec. 2. Each resident of the city of New Haven liable to give in a 
 list and pay taxes therein shall give in the list reriuired by section 2303 
 of the general statutes on or' before the first day of July, annuall}'. 
 When the first day of July comes on Sunday, then said list may be given 
 in on the day following. 
 
 Sec. 3. The assessors of the town of New Haven shall give the 
 notice required by section 2307 of the general statutes and amendments 
 thereof on or before the twentieth day of September next following the 
 making of any addition to the list of any person. 
 
 Sec. 4. The assessors of the town of New Haven shall, on or before 
 the thirtieth day of September, lodge the lists in the town clerk's or 
 assessors ' office, and make and lodge the abstracts in the town clcrlf's 
 office, in the manner prescribed by section 2310 of the general statutes 
 and amendments thereof. 
 
 See. 5. In the town of New Haven, the property of any trading, 
 mercantile, manufacturing, or mechanical business shall be assessed and 
 valued in all respects as provided by section 2342 of the general statutes; 
 provided, however, that the average amount of goods kept on hand for 
 sale during the year, or any portion of the year when the business has 
 not been carried on for a year previous to the first day of Jime, shall be 
 the rule of assessment and taxation in said town. 
 
 Sec. 6. The board of relief in the town of New Haven shall meet on 
 the first business day of October, annually, and may adjourn from time 
 to time to a day not later than the last business day of said October, on
 
 or bi'fiiri> wliicli ilay s.'tiil hujinl sliall cDinplctc (lie duties iiii|nisc(l ujion 
 it; and said hoard sliail '^\vv not ice of its riicctiiigs as prcscribi'd by law. 
 
 Soc. 7. No appoal from the doiiifjs of tlio assessors in tlie town of 
 New Haven, or ai)i>liration for dednction of amonnt of indeljtedness from 
 the list of any debtor shall be heard or entertained by the board of relief 
 unless preferred to it at its meeting held on the first business day of 
 October, or at some adjourned nioetinir held within twenty days thereafter. 
 
 See. 8. The lien for taxes provided by section 2396 of the general 
 statutes shall, as to real estate situated within the town of New Haven, 
 exist from the first day of .June in the year previous to that in which such 
 taxes become due, and the precedence of such lien shall be determined 
 as of the first day of June and not of the first day of October, but in all 
 other respects as provided in said section. 
 
 Sec. 9. This act shall take effect on March 1, 190S. 
 
 Approved, May 7, 1907.
 
 AMENDMENTS TO 
 
 CHARTER 
 
 OF THE 
 
 CITY OF NEW HAVEN 
 PASSED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY 
 
 1907
 
 —3— 
 
 (House Joint Eesolution, Substiute for House Bill Xo. 135.) 
 
 No. 83. 
 
 AUTHORIZING THE CITY OF NEW HAVEN TO ISSUE IMPEOVE- 
 
 MENT BONDS. 
 
 Eesolved bj' this Assembl}-: 
 
 Section 1. That the city of New Haven be and hereby is authorized 
 and empowered to issue, under the corporate name and seal and upon the 
 credit of said city, bonds or other certificates of debt to an amount not 
 exceeding in the whole four hundred and seventy-two thousand dollars, 
 which bonds shall be denominated Improvement Bonds of the City of 
 New Haven, and the same, or the avails thereof when sold, may be 
 appropriated by said city in the manner and in the amounts hereinatter 
 set forth for the payment of any expenses incurred by said city in carry- 
 ing out the improvements hereinafter set forth. 
 
 See. 2. Said bonds may be issued in such sums, and shall be pre- 
 pared, signed, and authenticated in such manner as said city by its board 
 of finance may determine; shall be made payable not more than twenty- 
 five years from the date of their issue; shall bear interest at a rate 
 not exceeding four per centum per annum, payable semi-annually; and may 
 be sold from time to time under the direction of the mayor and board of 
 finance of said city; and said bonds or certificates, when issued as afore- 
 said, shall be obligatory upon the city of New Haven to all intents and 
 purposes, and may be enforced and collected in the same manner and to 
 the same extent that debts contracted by municipal corporations in this 
 state are enforced. 
 
 Sec. 3. Said bonds, or the avails thereof, may be appropriated for 
 the payment of the expenses of the following particular improvements, 
 and in the amounts hereinafter designated respectively as follows: To 
 an amount not exceeding in the aggregate seventy-five thousand dollars 
 for the extension of Humphrey street; to an amount not exceeding in 
 the aggregate thirty-five thousand dollars for the widening of St. John 
 street; to an amount not exceeding in the aggregate sixty-two thousand 
 dollars for the extension of Crown street; to an amount not exceeding 
 in the aggregate one hundred thousand dollars for a lake at the foot of 
 East Rock, public play grounds, or such other sanitary improvements, or 
 improvements for the beautification of the city as may be determined 
 upon; to an amount not exceeding in the aggregate one hundred thousand 
 dollars for permanent pavements in streets approved by the paving com- 
 mission; to an amount not exceeding in the aggregate one hundred 
 thousand dollars for a new school building or buildings and land for same. 
 
 Approved April 9, 1907.
 
 (House Joint Kesolution, Substitute for House liiil No. 430./ 
 
 84. 
 
 AUTHOEIZING THE CITY OF NEW HAVEN TO BORROW MONEY 
 FOR THE PURCHASE OF LAND. 
 
 Resolved by this Assembly: 
 
 Sectiou 1. That the city of New Haven be and hereby is authorized 
 and empowered to borrow, at such times and uj>on such terms as may be 
 approved by its board of finance, a sum not exceeding in the aggregate 
 one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, for a term not exceeding four 
 years, and to issue its notes or certificates of indebtedness therefor. 
 
 Sec. 2. Said notes shall be prepared, signed, and authenticated in 
 such manner as the board of finance shall determine, and maj^ from time 
 to time, be issued and sold under the direction of said board of finance; 
 and the avails thereof shall be used in the purchase of land for the site 
 for a free public library, and for other buildings, and for no other 
 purpose. Said avails may be so expended in accordance with appropria- 
 tions already made and such further appropriations for the purposes 
 aforesaid as may be made by the board of finance, with the approval or 
 by the request of the board of aldermen. 
 
 Approved April 10, 1P07. 
 
 (Substitute for House Bill No. 4.5.) 
 
 ]84. 
 
 AN ACT AMENDING THE CHARTER OF THE CITY OF NEW 
 
 HAVEN CONCERNING THE JURISDICTION 
 
 OF THE CITY COURT. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General 
 Assembly convened: 
 
 Section 1. Section one hundred and seventy-six of the charter of the 
 city of New Haven as amended by an act approved May 12, 1905, is 
 hereby amended by striking out, commencing in the fifteenth line of said 
 section as amended, the words "provided, that the party so moving for 
 a jury shall enter into a recognizance with surety to the adverse party 
 in such sum as the court shall order, conditioned for the payment of all 
 costs in case final judgment is rendered against him" a;nd by adding at 
 the end of said section the following: "In all civil actions pending 
 before any justice of the peace residing in the town of New Haven, 
 except actions of summary process and bastardy proceedings, any party 
 thereto may, at any time, make application to the clerk of said city 
 court of New Haven for the transfer of said action to the docket of said
 
 city court, and upon the payment to said clerk, by said applicant, of the 
 sum of one dollar and fifty cents said clerk shall proceed forthwith to ob- 
 tain the files and records of s^id case from the justice of the peace before 
 whom said case is pending and enter said case upon the docket of said 
 eity court. The justice of the peace before whom said ease is pending, 
 or, if he be dead, or removed from the state, or otherwise incapacitated, 
 the person having charge or possession of his files and records, upou 
 receipt of fifty cents from said clerk of said city court, shall deliver to 
 said clerk the files and records of said case and note the transfer thereof 
 ou the docket of said justice of the peace. Saicl clerk of said city court 
 shall then forthwith give written notice of said transfer to all parties 
 to said cause, and twelve days thereafter said eity court shall proceed 
 in relation to said case as though it had been originally made returnable 
 to said court. Nothing herein contained shall be so construed as to 
 enable any person indebted to a justice of the peace for fees on account 
 of said case to avoid the paj'ment thereof. ' ' 
 
 Approved May 14, 1907. 
 
 (House Bill Xo. 4.59.) 
 
 185. 
 
 AN ACT AMENDING THE CHARTER OF THE CITY OF NEW 
 HAVEN CONCERNING THE SINKING FUND COMMISSION. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General 
 Assembly convened: 
 
 Section 1. Section one hundred and fifty-nine of the charter of the 
 city of New Haven is hereby amended by adding at the end thereof the 
 following: "During the month of June in each year the sinking fund 
 commission, unless a bank shall have been designated as hereinafter 
 provided, shall by vote designate one of its members to be treasurer for 
 the period of one year from the first day of the next July, and shall file 
 a certificate in writing of such designation, signed by not less than two 
 of its members, with the city clerk, who shall record the same. The 
 treasurer shall give such additional bond as maj^ be required and ap- 
 proved by the board of finance, and shall have and be charged with the 
 custody and possession of all moneys and securities held by or for the 
 account of said commission, and he shall be the receiving and disbursing 
 agent for said commission. But said sinking fund commission may, at 
 any time, designate an incorporated bank or trust company doing busi- 
 ness in the city of New Haven to be, for a period not exceeding three 
 years, the financial agent of said sinking fund commission, in which case 
 said commission shall not appoint a treasurer. Said commission shall 
 transmit a written certificate of such designation to the city clerk, and, 
 if and when the board of finance shall have approved such designation,
 
 — 6— 
 
 and the bank or trust company so designated shall have signified to the 
 city clerk in writing its acceptance thereof, the bank or trust company 
 so designated shall be, for the period aforesaid, the receiving and dis- 
 bursing agent of said commission, and shall have the custody and posses- 
 ion of all moneys and securities held for and on account of said com- 
 mission. For the service so to be performed, such compensation as is 
 reasonable may be allowed and approved by the board of finance to the 
 \)ank or trust company so designated and may be paid and charged 
 against the sinking fund without specific appropriation therefor. It shall 
 be the duty of the sinking fund commission, in the months of January 
 and July of each year, to inspect and examine the securities and funds 
 in the custody and possession of its treasurer, or of any bank or trust 
 company so designated." 
 
 Sec. 2. This act shall take effect from its passage. 
 
 Approved May 14, 1907. 
 
 (House Bill No. 146.) 
 
 No. 186. 
 
 AX ACT ESTABLISHING A EECORD COMMISSION IN THE CITY 
 OF NEW HAVEN. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Eepreseutatives in General 
 Assembly convened: 
 
 Section 1. The];e shall be in the City of New Haven a record com- 
 mission to consist of three citizens to be nominated by the mayor and 
 confirmed by the board of aldermen, each to hold office for the term of 
 three years. When this act shall take effect the mayor shall nominate 
 three members of said commission, one for the term of three years from 
 the first day of July, 1907, and one for the term of two years from the first 
 day of July, 1907, and one for the term of one year from the first day 
 of July, 1907, and thereafter shall nominate one member of such com- 
 mission during the month of June in each year for the term of three 
 years from the first day of July following. The members of said com- 
 mission shall be chosen from such citizens as are especially qualified, by 
 reason of their experience and knowledge concerning public records, to 
 exercise an intelligent judgment in respect to matters liable to be sub- 
 mitted to them, and shall serve without pay. Said commission shall have 
 charge of the preparation of the copy for printing and of the printing 
 and distribution of such volumes of ancient or valuable records as the 
 board of aldermen may from time to time, order printed; shall designate 
 the institutions, public bodies, and officials to whom copies may be dis- 
 tributed free of expense, and the terms on which copies may be obtained 
 by private individuals; and shall, from time to time, make such recom-
 
 mendations to said board concerning the care, preservation, and printing 
 of such records as it shall deem advisable. The board of aldermen may 
 also refer to said commission for advice or action any matter pertaining 
 to said records. 
 
 Sec. 2. This act shall take effect from its passage. 
 
 Approved May 14, 1907. 
 
 (Substitute for House Bill Xo. 658.) 
 
 '221. 
 
 AX ACT AMEXDIXG THE CHARTER OF THE CITY OF XEW 
 HA VEX COXCERXIXG THE DEPARTMEXT OF POLICE SERVICE. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General 
 Assembly convened: 
 
 Section forty-seven of the charter of the city of Xew Haven as 
 amended by an act approved April 9, 1901, is hereby amended by strik- 
 ing out in the third and fourth lines of said section as amended the words 
 "and employes" and by inserting in lieu thereof the words "and 
 electricians," so that said section as amended shall read as follows: 
 Said department shall preserve the peace, good order, and security of 
 said city, and shall consist of a chief and such officers, policemen, 
 siipernumeraries, special constables, police matrons, and electricians as 
 the board of police commissioners may from time to time prescribe. All 
 promotions of officers and members of the ])olice force shall be made by 
 the board of police commissioners on grounds of meritorious police 
 service and superior capacity, and shall be as follows: sergeants of police 
 shall be selected from among patrolmen, and captains from among the 
 sergeants. All appointments, including special constables, and promo- 
 tions, except the chief, shall be made bj^ said board in accordance with 
 the rules of the civil service board, but no one except special constables 
 shall be permanently appointed until he shall have performed active 
 police service as supernumerary for at least six months. Said board of 
 police commissioners shall have power to designate members of such 
 supernumerary force for such period of active service as it may think 
 proper. The board of police commissioners may establish a detective 
 bureau, which shall be under the charge and direction of a captain of 
 the detective force, who shall be subject to the order of the chief of 
 police. 
 
 Approved May 22, 1907.
 
 — 8— 
 
 (Siibstituti' for House Bill Xo. 462.) 
 
 247. 
 
 AX ALT A.MEXDIXC; THE CHAKTKK OF THE ClTi' OF XEW 
 
 HAVEN COXCERXING COLLECTIOx' OF TAXES AXD 
 
 MAKIXC OF ESTIMATES AND APPROPRIATIOXS, 
 
 AXD THE TAX COMMITTEE. 
 
 Be it oiiac'ted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General 
 Assembly convened: 
 
 Section 1. Section thirty-two of the charter of the city of Xew 
 Haven is hereby amended by striking out the Words "first Monday in 
 September ' ' in the second line thereof and inserting in lieu thereof the 
 words "last day of December," so that said section as amended shall 
 read as follows: It shall be the dut}^ of the collector to report to the 
 assistant corporation counsel, on the last day of December in each year, 
 all taxes and assessments npon property and all poll and military taxes 
 which have not been abated according to law and which have been due 
 and unpaid for a period of one year; and it shall be the duty of the 
 assistant corporation counsel to proceed forthwith to take all legal steps 
 necessary to enforce the payment of said taxes and asessments. When 
 ever any tax due the said city is abated, the authority making the abate- 
 ment shall cause notice thereof to be given to the collector. 
 
 Section 2. Section forty-four of said charter as amended by an act 
 approved April 30, 1901, is hereby amended by striking out in the first 
 line thereof the word "X^ovember'' and inserting in lieu thereof the word 
 "September," by striking out in the thirteenth line the words "during 
 the first week of the month of December" and inserting in lieu thereof 
 the words "on or before the first Monday of October," and by striking 
 out in the sixteenth line the word "December" and inserting in lieu 
 thereof the word "October," so that said section as amended shall read 
 as follows: In the month of September in each year the board of finance 
 shall make estimates of the moneys necessary to be appropriated for the 
 expenses of said city for the year next ensuing, beginning January first, 
 and of the rate of taxation required to meet the same, and shall classify 
 the said expenses under appropriate heads and departments. In the 
 prej)aration of said estimates said board of finance shall give notice 
 to each board or department of a definite time and place where they 
 will meet to consider the needs of such board or department; said board 
 of finance shall recommend such tax upon the polls and ratable estates 
 •within the limits of said city as it shall deem necessary to meet such 
 expenses. Said estimates and the rate of taxation recommended shall 
 \>e submitted to the court of common council on or before the first Mon- 
 day of October next succeeding, and, within five days after said sub- 
 mission, shall be published once in each of the daily newspapers in said 
 city; and after such publication and before the twentieth day of said 
 month of October said court shall proceed to consider and act upon said
 
 — 9— 
 
 <»stiniates, and said appropriations and rate of taxation, so reported by 
 the board of finance to said court, shall be final, and the appropriations 
 and rfUe of taxation shall be the legal appropriations and the legal rate 
 of taxation for said city, unless changed by a two-thirds vote of each 
 biard of the court of common council; but said court of common council 
 shall not have power to increase the appropriations, or any item thereof, 
 or the rate of taxation as recommended by the board of finance, nor 
 shall said court of common council reduce any item fixed by said board 
 of finance for the payment of interest or principal of the municipal 
 <lebt. But the total amount of such annual appropriations for any one 
 year shall not exceed the estimated income for that year, nor shall any 
 city or department officer or board of commissioners of said city make any 
 expenditures except for the objects and purposes specified by said court 
 of common council. Xor shall any city or department officer or board 
 of commissioners of said city incur any liability or expense by contract 
 or otherwise for which said city shall be responsible in excess of the 
 appropriations so made by said board of finance and said court of 
 common council. The board of finance, upon the recommendation of the 
 court of common council, shall have power to make appropriations for 
 public receptions, parades, concerts and celebrations to an amount not 
 exceeding fifteen hundred dollars for any one of said purposes in any one 
 year. No amount appropriated for any one purpose, whether general or 
 special, shall be used or appropriated for any 'other purpose except the 
 same be authorized by the board of finance. 
 
 Sec. 3. Section one hundred and forty-eight of said charter is hereby 
 amended by striking out the word "October' in the first line thereof 
 and inserting in lieu thereof the word ' ' August, ' ' so that said section 
 as amended shall read as follows: On or before the tenth day of August 
 in each year, each department, and every executive officer not connected 
 with any department, shall submit to the board of finance an estimate 
 •of the expenses of such department or office for the ensuing year, begin- 
 ning on the first day of January next following, stating in detail, so far 
 as possible, the purposes for which such expenses will be incurred. 
 
 Sec. 4. Section one hundred and fifty of said charter as amended 
 by an act amending said charter concerning the collection of taxes, 
 approved Juue 21, 1905, is hereby amended to read as follows: All taxes 
 laid by said city or town, or by the New Haven city school district, on 
 the grand list of 1908, shall become due and payable on the first day of 
 January, 1909, and all taxes thereafter laid by said city or town, or by 
 the New Haven city school district, shall become due and payable on the 
 first day of January next after they are laid. If one-half in amount of 
 such taxes be paid on or before the first day of March next after they 
 become payable, no interest thereon shall be charged until after the first 
 <lay of the next succeeding September, and then only on such amount of 
 said tax as then remains unpaid; that is to say, if more than one-half 
 of the tax assessed against any person or corporation shall remain unpaid 
 •on the first day of March next after such tax shall have become due 
 and payable, interest shall be collected at nine per centum per annum
 
 — 10— 
 
 from the first day of March on so much as then remains unpaid exceed- 
 ing such one-half; and on all taxes remaining unpaid on the first day 
 of September next after they shall have become due and payable, inter- 
 est at said rate shall be collected from said first day of September until 
 l»aid. On all taxes laid on tlie grand list of 10()7 which shall remain 
 unpaid on the first day of August, 19()S, and on all taxes remaining 
 unpaid on the day when this act shall take effect, interest shall be 
 collected from the date when such taxes became or shall become due, 
 until they are paid, at the rate of nine per centum per annum. 
 
 Sec. 5. Section two hundred and three of said charter as amended 
 by an act approved April 11, 1901, is hereby amended by striking out 
 the words "the first day of November" in the first line thereof and 
 inserting in lieu thereof the words "the tenth day of August," so that 
 said section as amended shall read as follows: On or before the tenth 
 day of August in each year, said board shall submit to the board of 
 finance in- said city estimates of the amount of monej'' required by it 
 for the ensuing fiscal j'ear, specifying the purposes for which each part 
 is required. Said board shall cause to be kept a record showing the 
 age, sex, nationality, and probable cause of destitution of each person 
 whom it relieves, the time when public relief was first given, the amount 
 of relief given to each person, the birthplace of each, the number of 
 applicants for relief in each month, and the monthly expenditure for 
 all relief; and said record shall at all reasonable times be open to the 
 inspection of the public. 
 
 Sec. 6. There shall be in the city of New Haven a committee to be- 
 known as the tax committee, with the same powers and duties, and to be 
 constituted in the same manner, as is set forth in an act amending the- 
 charter of the city of New Haven concerning the abatement of taxes, 
 approved April 19, 1905, the term of which committee shall be from 
 July 1, 1907, to July 1, 1909. 
 
 Sec. 7. This act shall take effect January 1, 1908, except section six,, 
 which section shall take effect from the passage of this act. 
 
 Approved June 5, 1907. 
 
 (House Bill No. 753.) 
 
 248. 
 
 AN ACT AMENDING THE CHARTEE OF THE CITY OF NEW 
 HAVEN CONCERNING A BUILDING INSPECTOR. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General 
 Assembly convened: 
 
 Section 1. Section fifty-seven of the charter of the city of New 
 Haven is hereby amended by adding at the end thereof the following: 
 "No person who has been or shall be appointed building inspector in.
 
 —11— 
 
 accordance with the provisions of this section shall be removed from 
 such position except for sufficient cause duly shown, which cause shall 
 not be political," so that said section as amended shall read as follows: 
 It shall be the duty of the fire marshal to inspect from time to time 
 the schoolhouses and other public buildings^ and all buildings in which 
 any public assemblies, exhibitions, entertainments or shows are held, 
 for the purpose of ascertaining whether such buildings are in danger 
 of damage or destruction from fire or unsafe construction, and whether 
 the ordinances concerning means of exit from such buildings are obeyed. 
 It shall also be his duty, whenever he may defem it necessary, to inspect 
 any building in the city, with a view to ascertaining whether the 
 ordinances relating to the construction, use, and condition of buildings 
 are obeyed, and he shall perform all other duties in regard to the in- 
 spection of buildings, or issuing permits for the construction thereof, 
 which may be required of him by the ordinances of the city. It shall 
 be his duty to report all unsafe buildings and all violations of such 
 ordinances to the mayor. The court of common council may make such 
 orders as it may deem necessary for the alteration and improvement of 
 such buildings; provided, that the court of common council may provide 
 for an inspector of buildings, who, after said office is authorized, and 
 the salary has been fixed by the court of common council, shall be 
 appointed by the mayor, who, before making such appointment, shall 
 cause to be filed with the city clerk for record a certificate of ability 
 issued and signed by at least two of three competent New Haven archi- 
 tects designated by the mayor, which certificate shall be issued after such 
 examination of the candidate for appointment as they consider necessary 
 to determine his competency for the duties of said office. No person who 
 has been or shall be appointed building inspector in accordance with 
 the provisions of this section shall be removed from such position except 
 for sufficient cause duly shown, which cause shall not be political. 
 Sec. 2. This act shall take effect from its pasage. 
 
 Approved June 5, 1907. 
 
 (House Joint Resolution, Substitute for House Bill No. 431.) 
 
 297. 
 
 AUTHOEIZING THE CITY OF NEW HAVEN TO ISSUE HOSPITAL. 
 
 BONDS. 
 
 Resolved by this Assembly: 
 
 Section 1. That the city of New Haven be and hereby is authorized 
 and empowered to issue, under the corporate name and seal and upon 
 the credit of said city, bonds or other certificates of debt to an amount 
 not exceeding in the whole sixty thousand dollars, which bonds shall 
 be denominated Hospital Bonds of the City of New Haven, the same, or
 
 —12— 
 
 the avails thereof when sold, to be appropriated by said city to the 
 erection and equipment of an hospital for contagious diseases except 
 smallpox and typhus fever; the location of said hospital to be determined 
 by the board of aldermen and approved by the board of health of said 
 city of New Haven, and the erection, equipment, and administration 
 thereof to be under the direction and control of the board of health of 
 said city of New Haven. 
 
 Sec. 2. Said bonds may be issued in such sums and shall be pre- 
 pared, signed, and authenticated in such manner as said city by its 
 board of aldermen may determine; shall be made payable not more 
 than twenty years from the date of their issue; shall bear interest at 
 a rate not Qxceeding four per centum per annum, payable semi-annually; 
 may be sold, from time to time, under the direction of the mayor and 
 board of aldermen of said city; and when issued shall be obligatory 
 upon the city of New Haven to all intents and purposes, and may be 
 enforced and collected in the same manner and to the same extent that 
 debts contracted by municipal corporations in this state are enforced. 
 
 Approved June 21, 1907. 
 
 (Substitute for Senate Bill No. 95.) 
 
 301. 
 
 AN ACT AMENDING THE CHAETER OF THE CITY OF NEW 
 
 CONCERNING THE DUTIES AND POWERS OF ITS OFFICERS 
 
 AND DEPARTMENTS, TICKET SPECULATION, ETC. 
 
 Be it enacted bj- the Senate and House of Representatives in General 
 Assembly convened: 
 
 Section 1. Section fifty-three of the charter of the city of New 
 Haven is hereby amended to read as follows: The department of police 
 shall render such assistance in the care and management of public lamps 
 as the court of common council may direct. The inspector of lamps in 
 ofiice May 8, 1907, shall continue in office until his successor is ap- 
 pointed and has duly qualified, unless sooner removed for cause in 
 accordance with the provisions of this act. After due hearing and by 
 written order, giving his reasons therefor, which reasons shall not be 
 political, the mayor may remove the inspector of lamps and appoint his 
 successor. The inspector of lamps shall perform such duties in the care 
 and management of lamps, and in the care and management of street 
 signs on the same, as shall be specified by the court of common council 
 and approved by the mayor. He shall receive such salary for his services 
 as may be fixed by the court of common council of said city. 
 
 Sec. 2. Section thirty-seven of said charter as amended by an act 
 approved June 18, 1903, is hereby amended by striking out, in the thir- 
 teenth line of said section as amended, the word "forty"' and inserting
 
 —u— 
 
 in lieu thereof the word "three" and by striking out, eomment-ing in the 
 thirteenth line of said section as amended, the following: "and such 
 fees to him and his assistants as the board of aldermen may bv ordinance 
 prescribe" and inserting in lieu thereof the following: " and neither he 
 nor any of his assistants shall charge or receive for the performance of 
 the duties imposed upon them by law or ordinance any other compensa- 
 tion than the salary, as aforesaid, of said sealer of weights and meas- 
 ures," so that said section as amended shall read as follows: The sealer 
 of weights and measures of said city in office when this act takes effect 
 shall continue in office until his successor is appointed and has duly 
 qualified, unless sooner removed for cause in accordance with the pro- 
 visions of this act. It shall be his duty, at least once in each year, to 
 compare all scales, weights and measures with the United States stand- 
 ard weights and measures belonging to the city of New Haven. Said 
 sealer of weights and measures maj^ appoint, with the approval of the 
 mayor, such number of assistants as he may think necessary in the dis- 
 charge of his duties, and their acts shall have equal authority with his 
 own. He may remove any of said assistants at pleasure. He shall per- 
 form all other duties required of him by the ordinances of the city. He 
 shall receive as compensation for his services the salary provided in 
 section three of this act and neither he nor any of his assistants shall 
 charge or receive for the performance of the duties imposed upon them 
 by law or ordinance anv other compensation than the salary, as afore- 
 said, of said sealer of weights and measures. After due hearing and by 
 written order, giving his reasons therefor, which reasons shall not be 
 political, the mayor may remove the sealer of weights and measures and 
 appoint his successor. When a vacancy shall exist in said office of the 
 sealer of weights and measures, the mayor shall appoint a new sealer of 
 weights and measures from among those persons certified as eligible to 
 such positions by the civil service board and under the rules of said 
 board. 
 
 Sec. 3. If, within thirty days after the passage of this act, the said 
 sealer of weights and measures shall file with the cit^' clerk of said city 
 an affidavit stating that all fees charged from and after December 31, 
 1906, by him or by any of his assistants, have been remitted or released 
 to the persons against whom they have been so charged, and that all 
 payments made to him or to any of his assistants from and after Decem- 
 ber 31, 190(5, for his and their services as sealer of weights and measures 
 have been repaid and returned to the parties by w^hom such payments 
 were made, excepting only the salary which he shall have received from 
 the city of New Haven, and if said affidavit shall have been submitted to 
 and approved by the board of finance of said city, the said sealer of 
 weights and measures shall thereupon be entitled to receive from said 
 city such sum as, together with the sums already paid to him, shall equal 
 a payment at the rate of fifteen hundred dollars per year from and after 
 December 31, 1906. 
 
 Sec. 4. Section one hundred and thirty-seven of said charter is here- 
 by amended by adding to subdivision (p) of said section the following:
 
 — 14— 
 
 "to prohibit, license, or regulate the sale, iu aud upon the streets, parks, 
 and public places of tickets or privileges of admission to all sports, 
 exhibitions, public amusements, and performances, and to prohibit, any- 
 where within said city, speculation in the issue or sale of such tickets 
 or privileges of admission." 
 
 Sec. 5. Section three of an act estiblishiiig a paving commission in 
 the city of New Haven, approved April 17, ]901, is hereby amended to 
 read as follows: Said commission shall determine upon what streets or 
 portions of streets permanent pavements shall be laid and at what time 
 such pavements shall be laid; provided, however, that before determin- 
 ing upon what streets such pavements shall be laid it shall hold a public 
 hearing or hearings, of which notice by publication shall be given at 
 least five days before such hearing, in which notice shall be specified 
 the street or streets upon which it is proposed to lay such pavements. 
 Said commission shall give such notice and hold such hearing if at any 
 time requested so to do by the court of common council, or by written 
 petition of not less than fifteen persons owning or occupying property 
 abutting upon any street or portion of a street upon which it is proposed 
 that such pavement shall be laid. 
 
 Sec. 6. Section four of said act is hereby amended to read as follows: 
 Said commission shall determine what kind of a permanent pavement 
 shall be laid upon each of such streets and shall, in the manner pre- 
 scribed by the city charter and ordinances, make contracts therefor, 
 and do all things necessary to the proper construction of the same. 
 
 Sec. 7. Section seven of said act is hereby amended to read as 
 follows: When any such pavement shall hereafter be laid by such com- 
 mission, including pavements laid under the authority of an act approved 
 July 1, 1895, or any other act, assessments for the expense thereof shall 
 be made as is provided in the act concerning permanent pavements in 
 the city of New Haven, approved April 28, 1899, and the amendments 
 thereof. 
 
 Sec. 8. Section two of an act concerning permanent pavements in the 
 city of New Haven, approved April 28, 1899, as amended bj' an act 
 approved April 14, 1903, is hereby amended to read as follows: Benefits 
 and damages shall be laid under the control of the court of common 
 council and assessed by the bureau of compensation of the city, as pro- 
 vided in the charter of said city, for or against all owners of property 
 abutting upon or adjoining the streets on which such pavements are 
 constructed; which assessments for such benefits shall not exceed, per 
 lineal foot of frontage, seventy-five cents for such pavement if it be of 
 dimension granite block, sixty cents if bitulithic or of asphalt, fifty 
 cents if a Hassam pavement or of vitrified brick, and twenty cents if of 
 crushed stone; provided, however, that no assessment shall be laid unless 
 the granite block, asphalt, Hassam, and vitrified brick pavement shall 
 each have not less than four inches in thickness of concrete cement 
 foundation. 
 
 Sec. 9. No person or corporation which shall, by authority of any 
 license or permit, take up any portion of any pavement having a cement.
 
 - 15— 
 
 conerote, or stone foundation between the curb lines of any roadway in 
 said city, shall refill any opening or excavation made in said roadway 
 or restore such pavement, but the same shall be filled and restored by the 
 director of public works, and the expense of refilling such opening or 
 excavation, and of restoring such pavement, shall be paid to the collector 
 of taxes by the person or corporation by whom such pavement was taken 
 up or such excavation was made. Said city may by ordinance provide 
 that any person or corporation shall, while indebted to the city for such 
 expense, be prohibited from making any excavation or taking up any 
 such pavement under any license or permit 'then outstanding or to be 
 issued. 
 
 Sec. 10. It shall be the duty of the director of public works to make 
 such repairs to permanent pavements laid by order of the paving com- 
 mission as in his judgment are necessary, or as are ordered by said com- 
 mission. 
 
 Sec. 11. All acts and parts, of acts inconsistent herewith are hereby 
 repealed. 
 
 Sec. 12. This act shall take effect from its passage. 
 
 Approved June 19, 1907. 
 
 (Senate Bill, Substitute for Senate Joint Kesolution Xo. 172.) 
 
 396. 
 
 AN ACT CONCEENING THE CIVIL SERVICE BOARD OF THE CITY 
 
 OF NEW HAVEN. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General 
 Assembly convened: 
 
 Section 1. Section 122 of the charter of the city of New Haven is 
 hereby amended to read an. follows: The civil service board as at present 
 organized shall continue until January, 1909, when, and biennially there- 
 after, said board shall elect from its members a president. It shall 
 choose a secretary who shall be subject to a civil service examination 
 before appointment and shall hold said position during good behavior, 
 and may be removed for cause, which shall be nonpolitical, after due 
 hearing upon written notice served on him ten days before the date of 
 hearing. It shall be the duty of the secretary to attend all meetings 
 of the board, keep correct records of the same, prepare and keep in the 
 register on file in the office of the comptroller lists of those eligible for 
 the several departments and clerical positions, send out official notices, 
 and perform all other official duties. He shall receive such salary, not 
 exceeding one thousand dollars per annum, as may be fixed by said board 
 and approved by the board of finance. 
 
 Sec. 2. The secretary of said board in office upon the passage of this 
 act shall continue in office until his successor is appointed and duly 
 qualified, unless removed for cause in accordance with the provisions of 
 this act. 
 
 Sec. 3. This act shall take effect from its passage. 
 
 Approved July 11, 1907.
 
 —16— 
 
 (Substitute for House Bill Xo. 2M).) 
 
 412. 
 
 AN ACT AMENDING THE CHARTER OF THE CITY OF NE\V 
 
 HAVEN CONCERNING SALARIES. 
 
 Be it enacted by tlie Senate and House of Representatives in General 
 Assembly convened: 
 
 Section ]. Section forty of the charter of the city of New Haven is- 
 heroby amended by striking out in the ninth line thereof the word 
 "seven"' and inserting in lieu thereof the word "fifteen" and by strik- 
 ing out, commencing in the fif tenth line thereof, the words "provided^ 
 that if the court oi common council at any time, by an affirmative vote 
 of two-thirds of all the members of each board, shall resolve that it is 
 expedient to increase or decrease the salary of any city official to a 
 certain specified sum, and if said resolve shall be adopted by the next 
 court of common council in the succeeding year by a like vote, then 
 said court may proceed to enact an ordinance increasing or decreasing, 
 ^aid salary to the sum specified" and by inserting in lieu thereof the 
 following: "provided, that the board of aldermen may, at any time, by 
 an affirmative vote of two-thirds of all the members, duly approved by 
 the mayor, increase or decrease to a certain specified sum the salary of 
 any city officer, or any other town or city officer whose salary is specific- 
 ally designated or limited in the charter of the city or any amendments 
 thereof, which action shall be of force and effect when it shall have 
 been approved by affirmative vote of a majority of all the members of 
 the board of finance," so that said section as amended shall read as 
 loJlows: The salary of each of the following-named officers shall be at 
 the rate herein provided: The mayor, thirty-five hundred dollars per 
 annum; the mayor's secretary, one thousand dollars per annum; the 
 corporation counsel, thirty-five hundred dollars per annum; the assistant 
 corporation counsel, one thousand dollars per annum; the controller, 
 three thousand dollars per annum; the treasurer, one thousand dollars 
 per annum; the collector four thousand dollars per annum; the city 
 clerk, two thousand dollars per annum; the assistant city clerk, twelve 
 hundred dollars per annum; the sealer of weights and measures, fifteen 
 hundred dollars per annum; the city sheriff, twelve hundred dollars per 
 annum. These and all other salaries paid by the city shall be payable 
 in monthly instalments by the treasurer of said city, and shall be in 
 lieu of any and all compensation for any services required by the. city 
 of said officers respectively by this act, except as the same may be herein 
 otherwise specified; provided, that the board of aldermen may, at any 
 time, by an affirmative vote of two-thirds of all the members, duly ap- 
 proved by the mayor, increase or decrease to a certain specified sum the 
 salary of any city officer, or any other town or citj^ officer whose salary 
 is specifically designated or limited in the charter of the city or any 
 amendments thereof, which action shall be of force and effect when it 
 shall have been approved by affirmative vote of a majority of all the^ 
 members of the board of finance. 
 
 See. 2. This act shall take effect from its passage. 
 
 Approved .July 17, 1907.
 
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