U FRANK "I inn i ohseri ed that ti reader seldom &crn\f\ a hook :;//// pleasure till he /V/O::M ivhethrr I be writer of it he u black or </ f(f/r man, of j mild or ihulct\ disposition, married or a bin hclor, :://// other partnu- lar\ of the like nature that conduce very much to the nht understanding of the author. " The Spectator D P C O FRANK NORRIS Whose recently discovered novel "Vandover and the Brute," has just been published I I Frank Norris I 870- I 002 An intimate sketch of the man who was universally acclaimed the greatest American writer of his generation. By CHARLES G. JORRIS FRANK NORRIS was a born story-teller; he. acquired the art of literary expression after hard work and a long apprenticeship. His original intention was to be an artist. When he was seventeen he went to France, and enrolled as a stud ent at \\izAtelier Julien, in Paris. He remained there two years and became absorbed, not in art, but in chivalry. The reading of Froissart s Chronicles was his daily recreation. He became so imbued with the spirit of medievalism, and so familiar with the man ners and customs of the time, that once with much amusement he pointed out to me an error in Scott s " Ivanhoe,"in which one of its characters is described as wearing a certain kind of armor that was not in use until a hundred years later; a mistake that was as obvious to him as if someone to-day should depict Richelieu in a frock coat and top hat. Many and diverse reasons have led men and wo men to literature, but none quite so strange as that which induced him to elect that vocation. 767 His earliest ventures into literature were more to irovide a vehicle for his illustrations than for any inteFest he had in writing itself. Thus it was that his first novel, " Robert d Artois," was written, a crude amateurish effort that bore little evidence that he was ever to become a great author. But he loved story-telling, and his imagination knew no limitations. My earliest recollections are of the endless and involved stories of love and chiv alry that he wove about my lead soldiers, to my never-failing enchantment and delight. There were several thousands of these soldiers, and each captain and lieutenant had a name and history of his own. I n these stories there was an utter disregard of historical accuracy and sequence. Thus the Veiled Prophet of Khorassan, the Cid and Khedive, Machi- avelli and Corbullo the Saxon all lived and had their being together in this miniature world of lead. There were eleven years between our ages, and it is impossi ble to suppose that my brother found any lasting amusement in entertaining one so much younger than himself. Rather, I fancy, it was his interest in his own mental processes, and in the fantastic situa tions he devised. He would spend hours fashioning wonderful cannon, out of the thick handles of his paint-brushes, and the sides of cigar-boxes. These were painted ivory black with red trimmings, and christened "The Spitfire," and "The Peacemaker." He drew maps of the two countries continually at war, "Sparta" and " Rome," dividing them into provinces, carefully marking the rivers and moun tains, roads and railways. A sketch of his dog "Monk" by Frank Morris, one of the few examples of his work as an artist, that has been preserved. At this time we were all in Paris. When the fam ily returned to California, leaving Frank in Paris to continue his study of art, he began writing me a novel in which all our favorite characters reappeared, re volving about myself, whom he described as the nephew of the Duke of Burgundy. I wish I had space to repeat this story in detail. It was written in the second person, on closely-ruled notepaper, one sheet slipped inside another, and the whole fastened together with a small loop of red or blue string in the upper left hand corner. It came to me in chap ters, rolled up inside French newspapers to save post age. Each installment was profusely illustrated with pencil sketches, mostly of myself as an esquire, a man-at-arms, an equerry, and finally as a knight. Plots and episodes from the works of Scott, Francis Bacon, Frank Stockton and others were lifted bodily, sometimes the actual wording was borrowed. I re member a sentence, " The night closed down dark as a wolf s mouth," that years later I found again in the opening of a chapter of " Ouentin Durward." Frank came home before these adventures were finished. He left the heroine lashed to a railroad track, and me locked in a neighboring switchman s tower. My story was never concluded, but it was to this time in our lives that he referred in his dedication of "The Pit:" " In memory of certain lamentable tales of the round (dining-room) table heroes; of the epic of the pewter platoons, and the romance-cycle of Gaston le Fox , which we invented, maintained, and found marvelous at a time when we both were boys." 4 He was nineteen when he came home and began to prepare for the entrance examinations of the Uni versity of California. While he was studying for them he elected to write a three canto poem in the metre of Scott s verse. It was the first writing of merit that he did. While still in Paris he had written a short article on the armor of the fifteenth century, and illus trated it, but it was no such serious attempt as was the poem. "Ancient Armour" appeared in the San Francisco Chronicle, in March 1889, and he received nine dollars, the first money ever earned by his pen. The three canto poem was entitled "Yvernelle," and was published by Lippincott. He sent some of his pen-and-ink sketches with it, but these were re turned. The publishers felt that the book would sell best as a holiday offering, in which illustrations played an important part. I suppose that this was only a polite way of saying that his own illustrations were not good enough. Will Low and Frederick Dealman eventually did some of the pictures, and the book was bound very handsomely, and sold for three and five dollars a volume. While he was in college Frank began to take his writing seriously. He did not have a very high re spect for his instructors in the English department. I recall his irritation when an essay on "Thomas a Becket" was returned to him, with no more definite criticism that the single word "Fustian," scrawled across its title page. But he began to read fiction critically, and at this time was never without a yel low paper-covered novel of Zola in his hand. He loved Kipling, too, and Richard Harding Davis, and 5 thought William Dean Howells a much greater novelist than, in those days, he was generally con ceded to be. One of Frank s first stories, "Son of a Sheik," was written while he was a Sophomore, and published in the Argonaut. Another very remarkable story, called "Lauth," appeared in the Overland Monthly. During the early part of 1894, his last six months at the University of California, a series of stories, under the general heading of "Out ward and Visible Signs," made their appearance in the Overland, and in August of the same year, "The Caged Lion," one of the best short stones he ever wrote, was published in the Argonaut. He never sold anything to the eastern magazines, how ever. The manuscripts he sent, unfailingly came back. He had hopes that William Doxey, who had then a flourishing publishing business in San Fran cisco, would bring out a volume of his short stories. I remember how earnestly he worked on some of the illustrations for this book, pressing me into service as his model, keeping me posing for hours. He was undecided between "Beer and Skittles" and "On and Off the Asphalt" as a title. But this plan never came to anything. Some time before he completed his four years at the California University he began "McTeague;" it was well started before he came east to take a year s post-graduate work at Harvard. This was the most formative year of his life as a writer. I have heard him say many times that he learned more about writing the English language, in the nine months 6 course of " English 22," under Professor Lewis E. Gates, than he did during any other period of his life. He dedicated " McTeague" to Professor Gates when it was published. About this time, too, he began to study the dictionary. I have seen him por ing over it for hours, making notes of words and their meanings. Every morning he always read the death notices in the newspapers, for the sake of find ing unusual names. It was from this source that he got Annixter, Jadwin, and Magnus Derrick. He wrote the greater part of "McTeague" during his year at Harvard, but before completing it, he commenced "Vandover and The Brute," the novel which has just been published. This book was des tined to have a curious history. It was inspired, to a large degree, by the unmorality of the undergradu ates with whose lives he was familiar. Grewsome in theme, powerfully realistic, he followed the story to its terrible and logical conclusion, then laid it aside for other work, and all but forgot its very existence. After his death it remained in storage, packed away in a San Francisco warehouse, and when, in the fire that followed the great earthquake, the storehouse was burned to the ground, " Vandover" was presum ably destroyed with it. By a curious destiny, how ever, the crate containing the manuscript was saved, but it was only after years that it was identified, and the lost story brought to light. As indicative of the seriousness with which Frank was now beginning to regard his work, I remember that he kept a black notebook, in his inside coat poc ket, in which he set down a heterogeneous collection 7 of notes of his own observations: a well-turned sen tence, a good name, the possible title of a book. One of these entries, I remember, read: "The hands of the village clock closed like a pair of shears, and cut the night in twain." This book was his greatest treasure. Years afterward he told me that keeping it taught him the difference between seeing life sub jectively and objectively. No one, he believed, could become a writer, until he could regard life and people, and the world in general, from the objective point-of-view, until he could remain detached, out side, maintain the unswerving attitude of the obser ver. I read part of his notebook once, and got soundly kicked for my impertinence, but years after ward I came upon many of these same notes in his work, amplified and adapted. In 1895 he came back to San Francisco, and in October sailed for South Africa to write a series of articles for a syndicate of newspapers. His plan was to start at Capetown, go north to Johannesburg, trek through Matabeleland, thence onward to the Nile, and down the river to Cairo. A happy accident took him to Africa at this time. No sooner had he set foot on Boer soil than trouble with the English began to brew. By the time he reached Johannes burg, the famous Jameson s raid had been pro jected. Delighted at the possibility of war, Frank enlisted in the English army for the defense of Johannesburg, and had the supreme satisfaction of being assigned regular accoutrements, a rifle, a number of rounds of ammunition, and above all a horse ! Reading his journal of those days one catches 8 his tremendous excitement when news from Jameson and his six hundred men was hourly awaited. He describes with what gratification he received an in vitation to Christmas dinner from John Hays Ham mond. But this festive meal nearly caused him a long imprisonment, for with the collapse of the raid, Hammond and many others identified with the up rising were thrown into jail, their lives at the mercy of the Boer government. My brother was given thirty days to get out of the country. He was unable to obey this order however. Al most immediately he came down with African fever, and was very close to death. A scarcity of provi sions in Johannesburg sent bread up to seven dollars a loaf, and in a short time his letter of credit was ex hausted. At this point there are many empty pages in his journal. He confessed to me afterward that he was too weak from fever to remove the cap of his fountain pen. Finally there occurs this entry : "I m out to sea, I m out to sea! Tisn t half as fine as I thought it would be!" He returned to San Francisco in the spring of 1896 to spend months in an effort to regain his shattered health. Of the fever he never entirely rid himself; it recurred at intervals during the remaining six years of his life, and when he was stricken with appendici tis, it supplied the complication that resulted in his death. For the following two years his literary work was almost entirely associated with the Wave, of which John O Hara Cosgrave was then the editor. Every 9 week Frank wrote either an article, a sketch or a short story for this periodical. In looking over his output at this time one cannot but marvel at the amount of material he turned out, and the activity of his creative faculty. In the summer of 1897, Frank went up to the " Big Dipper Mine," in Placer County, California, to com plete "McTeague." It was there that the closing chapters of the book were written. The death of Trina in the kindergarten had been written some three years earlier. The scene of the chapter im mediately following this incident in the book is laid in the very spot where the novel was being completed: the Big Dipper Mine, on Iowa Hill, near Colfax. The author describes McTeague as entering the office of the mine, to ask the superintendent for em ployment. The dentist approached the counter and leaned his elbows upon it. Three men were in the room, a tall, lean young man, with a thick head of hair surprisingly gray, who was playing with a half, grown Great Dane puppy. . . ." This was Frank himself. One of the other men was his college chum, the owner of the mine, who was afterward to furnish the material for the character of Annixter, in "The Octopus." Nothing could be more characteristic of the whim sical humor of Frank Norris than this casual intro duction of himself into his story. He was describing the room in which he was writing, with utter faith fulness. He came in due time to himself and in cluded his own person in the picture. The manuscripts of his two novels, "McTeague" 10 FRANK NORRIS Taken at Roselle, New Jersey, in 1900, about the time he was writing "The Octopus". Luna s Mexican restaurant which figured so largely in "Blix" and other stories of Frank Norris. Frank Norris s home in San Francisco up to the time he went to Harvard. This is the house so carefully described in "Vandover and the Brute" where Vandover and the "Governor" lived. and " Vandover and the Brute," began their eastern visits, and their author commenced to write " Moran of the Lady Letty," the first chapters of which ap peared in the Wave before more than a part of the book was written. In " Blix" he draws an amus ing caricature of himself at this period of his life and the "Captain Jack" of that book, was the Captain Joseph Hodgson to whom " Moran" was dedicated. Hodgson was in charge of the United States Life Saving Station near the Presidio, in San Francisco, andFrankused to read the early chapters of "Moran" to him, getting him to criticize his nautical phrase ology, and help him with the actual seamanship. When the story was half-completed, Frank started East to write up the Mardi Gras festivities in New Orleans, but he got no farther than St. Louis when the summons to New York, for which he had long been waiting in one form or another arrived. This was a letter from John S. Phillips, a member of the firm of the Doubleday, McClure Company, who had read as much of " Moran" as had appeared up to that time. Recognition had been won, it re mained only to fulfill expectations. " Moran" was published in September of the same year," McTeague" the following spring, and " Blix" six months later. "Vandover," strongest of them all, was not in accord with the spirit of the day in literature, and in this time of rapid production, it was easy to ignore its claim. The remaining four years of his life were packed with varied events. In that time he published six novels; he went as a war correspondent through the Santiago campaign, and again all but died with a 13 return of the treacherous fever; he married; and a little daughter was born to him. Four months before his death, he returned to San Francisco, still in the very prime of his youth, suc cessful and yet fired with splendid new ambitions for his work. It is of these last days that I wish finally to speak. We were constantly together at this time and developed an intimacy we had never before reached. It was then that he told me of the last novel of the trilogy of "The Wheat," to which "The Octopus" and "The Pit" belonged. Not one word of this book was ever written. It was not to be cal led "The Wolf," however, as was announced. Its pivotal episode was to deal with a famine-stricken country of Europe, and the timely appearance, from across the sea, of three huge American schooners, - wheat-ships, loaded to their capacity with the great crop that, in spite of the quarrels of farmers and railroads, and in spite of the manipulation of the bulls and bears on the stock market, was to fulfill its destiny as " the nourisher of nations." But the great book he was burning to write was to centre about the battle of Gettysburg, the biggest and most vital event in American history, and this book would undoubtedly have been the great American novel if his handling of it had been as big as its theme. Just as the wheat stood to him as a great world-force, so the battle of Gettysburg repre sented the very spirit of America. It was to have been a tremendous novel in three parts, a great trilogy, each part dealing with one of the days of the battle, a work that would have taken him years to write, 14 I cannot close this sketch of Frank Norris with out a word concerning his unfailing sense of humor, his modesty and simplicity. During those last months of his life, human and natural forces com bined to heap their favors upon him. He was hailed as America s greatest author; Howells and Mark Twain wrote him, in encouragement and praise; publishers clamored for his work; and reporters, in whose ranks he had so lately been pursued him, and begged for interviews. There is no better proof of his greatness than that this adulation left him still humble, pleasantly sur prised, and grateful. He was thoroughly human about it. He enjoyed it and delighted in it. He was not quite sure that it was not a mistake, but while it lasted he found it gratifying. But his at titude toward his popularity had nothing in common with his attitude toward his work. If the public and the critics liked "The Pit," that was very well; but they should have no consideration when he wrote his next book, or the one following that or any he should ever write. An event that occurred at this time is most elo quent of his contempt for the publicity so eagerly sought by authors generally. An old friend, a Dr. Lawlor, who had been appointed by the Governor of California as superintendent of one of the state s asylums for the feeble-minded, was attacked by the local press of San Francisco for political reasons. It seemed a case of unwarrantable persecution and my brother was indignant. At a meeting of some of the petty politicians, Lawlor gave the lie direct to one of 15 his accusers. The man whipped out his revolver, and Frank, who was standing near, was able to grab the weapon in time and wrench it away before harm was done. The same afternoon the San Francisco Ex aminer called him on the telephone. The New York Journal had wired for a full-page story of the "shoot ing-scrape" in which Frank Norris had saved his friend s life. 1 shall never forget his answer to the representative of the Examiner on the other end of the telephone. " You tell the New York Journal kindly to go to hell," said he, and hung up the receiver. Of the untimely and tragic ending of so brilliant a life, there is nothing that I can add to what has al ready been written. He had returned to San Fran cisco with the intention of doing what Jack London finally attempted a long time afterward sailing across the Pacific in a chartered schooner manned by his own crew. The voyage he ultimately made took him to other shores, but I like to think it was with him as he wrote of it in his own sonnet "Crepus- culum," many years before: / bear them say our little life s "a day," That, born with light, at dusk it dies away. I bear them say that Death is that life s night. That we but wax and wane, with changing light. O Blind! The day s not yet, this life of ours Is still the night s slow retinue of hours; Its sorrows, nightmares, phantasms of the shade, Its pleasures, dreams that only form to fade. Our life s a night through which we blindly grope, Wiih outstretched palms, hoping gainst failing hope. Death ushers in the dawn of life s true day, Though gray the eve, so is the morning gray: Be thou uplift, O heart! Death s visage wan Is lighted not with twilight, but with dawn. 16 The "Dental Parlors" over the Post Office on Polk Street, San Francisco, where Me league lived. A dentist s sign may be seen under the first side window of the second floor. The coffee shop on Polk Street, San Francisco, where McTeague ate his meals. This and all the other buildings in these photographs were destroyed in the earthquake and fire. A page from the manuscript of "Vandover and the Brute" showing the struggle for expres sion its author un derwent. Much of it was rewritten and the whole manu script is full of omissions and in serts, changes and corrections. The first page of the manuscript of "Vandover and the Brute" showing where the author s name was cut out for the sake of the autograph, which prevented the novel from being identified as the work of Frank Norris for several years. VANU0VCR AND THE BRUTE BIBLIOGRAPHY Essays, Articles, Letters "Ancient Armour" (first published article), San Francisco Chronicle, March 31, 1889. Series of letters from South Africa concerning Uitlander In surrection, published in the San Francisco Chronicle- "A Cal- ifornian in City of Cape Town," January igth, 1896; "In the Compound of a Diamond Mine," February 2, 1896; "From Cape Town to Kimberley Mine," January 26, 1896; "In the Veldt of the Transvaal," February 9, 1896; "A Zulu War Dance," March 15, 1896. "Types of Western Men," published in San Francisco Wave, May 2, 1896. "Western City Types," published in San Francisco Wave, May 9, 1896. "The Bivalve at Home," published in San Francisco Wave, July 16, 1896. " Italy in California," published in San Francisco Wave, Octo ber 24, 1896. "A Question of Ideals," published in San Francisco Wave, December 26, 1897. "New Year s at San Quentin," published in San Francisco Wave, January 9, 1897. "Hunting Human Game," published in San Francisco Wave, January 23, 1897. "Passing of Little Pete," published in San Francisco Wave, January 30, 1897. "A California Artist," published in San Francisco Wave, February 6, 1897. "A Lag s Release," published in San Francisco Wave, March 6, 1897. "Among the Cliff-Dwellers," published in San Francisco Wave, May 15, 1897. "The Sailing of the Excelsior, " published in San Francisco , 1897. 19 "The Tale and the Truth," published in San Francisco Wave September 25, 1897. "Art Education in San Francisco," published in San Francisco Wave, September 25, 1897. "The End of the Act," published in San Francisco Wave, Nov ember 27, 1897. " Comida," published in Atlantic Monthly, March, 1899. "With Lawton to Caney," published in Century Magazine, June, 1899. "Student Life in Paris," published in Collier s Weekly, May 12, 1900. Series of New York letters to Chicago American, May, 1901 September, 1901. Series of Articles to Boston Transcript, November 15 Febru ary 5 (weekly articles). "The Unknown Author and the Publisher," published in World s Work, April, 1901. "Mr. Kipling s Kim " published in World s Work, September, 1901. "True Reward of the Novelist," published in World s Work, October 1901. "Story-Teller vs. Novelist," published in World s Work, March, 1902. "The Frontier Gone at Last," published in World s Work, February, 1902. "The Need of a Literary Conscience," published in World s Work, May, 1902. "The Novel with a Purpose," published in World s Work, May, 1902. Series of articles to The Critic, entitled "Salt and Sincerity," published monthly from May to October, 1902. "Life in the Mining Region," published in Everybody s Maga zine, September, 1902. "In Defense of Doctor W. Lawlor," published in San Francisco A rgonaut, August nth, 1902. 20 "The Responsibilities of a Novelist," published in The Critic, December, 1902. "The Neglected Epic " published in World s Work, December, 1002. The "Great American Novelist," Syndicated, January 19, 1903. "The American Public and Popular Fiction," syndicated, February 2, 1903. "Child Stories for Adults," syndicated, February 9, 1903. "The Nature Revival in Literature," syndicated, February 16, 1903. "Novelists to Order While You Wait," syndicated, February 23, J903- "Newspaper Criticism and American Fiction," syndicated, March 9, 1903. " Richard Harding Davis," syndicated, January 26, 1903. "Chances of Unknown Writers," syndicated, March 2, 1903. "The Surrender of Santiago," syndicated, July 13, 1913. Short Stories " Babazzouin," published in San Francisco Argonaut, May, 1891. "Son of a Sheik," published in San Francisco Argonaut, June, 1891. "Le Jongleur de Taillebois," published in San Franscisco Waie, December 25, 1891. "Arachne," published in San Francisco Wave, 1892. " Lauth," published in Overland Monthly, March, 1893. "Travis Hallets, Half-Back," published in Overland Monthly, January, 1894. "Outward and Visible Sign Series" of short stories, published in the Overland Monthly, commencing February, 1894 titles as follows: "Thoroughbred," February, 1894; "She and the Other Fellow," March, 1894; ;< The Most Noble Conquest of Man," May, 1894; "Outside the Zenana," July, 1894; "After Strange Gods "October, 1894. 21 "The Caged Lion," published in San Francisco Argonaut, August, 1894. "A Defense of the Flag," published in San Francisco Argonaut, October, 1895. "A Salvation Boom in Matabeleland," published in San Fran cisco Wave, April 25, 1896. "The Heroism of Jonesie," published in San Francisco Wave, May 16, 1896. Series of Sketches entitled "Man Proposes," published San Francisco Wave, May 23, 1896; May 30, 1896; June 13, 1896; June 27, 1896; July 4, 1896. "In the Heat of Battle," published in San Francisco Wave, December 19, 1896. "His Sister," published in San Francisco Wave, December 28. 1896. "The Puppets and the Puppy," San Francisco Wave, May 22, 1897. "Beer and Skittles," published in San Francisco Wave, May 29,1897. "Through a Glass Darkly," published in San Francisco Wave, June 12, 1897. Little Dramas of the Curbstone," published in San Francisco Wdi-c, June 26, 1897. "The Strangest Thing," published in San Francisco Wave, July 3, 1897. "This Animal of a Buldy Jones," published in San Francisco Wave, July 17, 1897. " Boom" published in San Francisco Wave, August 7, 1897. "Reversion to Type," published in San Francisco Wave, August 14, 1897. "House with the Blinds," published in San Francisco Wave, August 21, 1897. "The Third Circle," published in San Francisco Wave, August 28. 1897. 22 "The End of the Beginning," published in San Francisco Wave, September 4, 1897. "A Case for Lombroso," published in San Francisco Wave, September n, 1897. "His Single Blessedness," published in San Francisco Wave September 18, 1897. "Execution without Judgment," published in San Francisco Wave, October 2, 1897. "Miracle Joyeux," published in San Francisco Wave, October 9, 1897. "Judy s Service of Gold Plate" published in San Francisco Wave October 1 6, 1897. "The Associated Un-Charities," published in San Francisco Wave, October 30, 1897. "Fantasie Printaniere," published in San Francisco Wave, November 6, 1897. "His Dead Mother s Portrait" published in San Francisco Waue, November 13, 1897. "Shorty Stack, Pugilist," published in San Francisco Wave, November 20, 1897. "Isabella Regina," published in San Francisco Wave, Novem ber 27, 1897. "Perverted Tales" (Parodies on several well-known authors), published in San Francisco Wave, December 25, 1897: "The Rickshaw that Happened," by R d K g; "The Green Stone of Unrest," by S n Cr e; "Van Bubble s Story," by R d H g D s; "Ambrosia Beer, " by A e B e; "I Call on Lady Dotty," by A y H e; "The Hero of Tomato Can," byB tH e. "The Drowned Who Do Not Die," published in San Francisco Wave, September 24, 1898. "Miracle Joyeux," republished McClure s Magazine, December 1898. "This Animal of a Buldy Jones," republished in McClure s Magazine, March, 1899. 23 "The Riding of Felipe," published in Everybody s Magazine, March, 1901. "Buldy Jones, Chef du Claque," published in Everybody s Magazine, May, 1901. "Kirkland at Quarter," published in Saturday Evening Post, December 12, 1901. "A Memorandum of Sudden Death," published in Collier s Weekly y January, 1902. "A Bargain with Peg-Leg," published in Collier s Weekly, March 1,1902. "Grettir at Drangey," published in Everybody s Magazine, March, 1902. "A Statue in an Old Garden," published by Ladies Home Journal, May, 1903. " Dying Fires," published in Smart Set about April, 1902. "The Passing of Cock-Eye Blacklock," published in Century Magazine, July, 1902. "The Guest of Honour," published in the Pilgrim Magazine, July and August, 1902. "A Deal in Wheat," published in Everybody s Magazine, August, 1002. "Two Hearts That Beat as One," published in Brander Maga zine, (unable to ascertain date). "The Dual Personality of Slick Dick Nickerson," published in Collier s Weekly, November, 1902. "The Ship That Saw a Ghost," published in Overland Monthly, December, 1902; and in New England Magazine, December, 1902. "The Wife of Chino," published in Century Magazine, January, 1903. "The Ghost in the Cross-Trees," published in New York Her ald, March, 1903. "The Lost Story," published in the Century Magazine, July, 1903. 24 Short Poems Published "Poitier," medieval ballad, published in Berklyian Magazine, 1891. "Brunhilda," poem, illustrated by author published in Cali fornia Illustrated Magazine (discontinued), 1891. " Crepusculum," sonnet, published in Overland Monthly, April, 1892. " The Exile s Toast," published in Reader, May, 1907. Books Published "Yvernelle," long poem, published by Lippincott & Com pany, 1892. "Moran of the Lady Letty," serialized in San Francisco Wave, about January, 1898. Published by Doubleday & McClure, September, 1898. "McTeague," published by Doubleday & McClure, February, 1899. " Blix," serialized in The Puritan about April, 1899. Published by Doubleday & McClure, September, 1899. "A Man s Woman," serialized in New York Evening Sun about July October, 1899; in San Francisco Chronicle, July 23, 1899 -October, 8, 1899. Published by Doubleday & McClure, February, 1000. "Octopus," published by Doubleday, Page & Company, April, 1901. "The Pit," serialized in Saturday Evening Post, September 27, 1902 January 31, 1903. Published by Doubleday, Page & Company, January, 1903. "The Responsibilities of the Novelist," published by Double- day, Page & Company, 1903. Contents: The Responsibilities of the Novelist; The True Reward of the Novelist; The Novel with a "Purpose;" Story tellers vs. Novelists; The Need of a Literary Conscience; A Neglected Epic ; The Frontier Gone at Last ; The Great American Novelist; New York as a Literary Centre; The American Public 25 and "Popular" Fiction; Child Stories for Adults; Newspaper Criticisms and American Fiction; Novelists to Order While you Wait; The "Nature" Revival in Literature; The Mechanics of Fiction; Fiction Writing as a Business; The "Volunteer Manu script;" Retail Bookseller, Literary Dictator; An American School of Fiction; Novelists of the Future; A Plea for Romantic Fiction; A Problem in Fiction ; Why Women should Write the Best Novels; Simplicity in Art; Salt and Sincerity. Complete Works, Golden Gate Edition, published by Double- day, Page & Company, 1903. Seven volumes (edition limited to one hundred sets) . (Out of print .) "A Deal in Wheat," and other stories of the new and old West; published by Doubleday, Page & Company, 1903. Contents: A Deal in Wheat; The Wife of Chino; A Bargain with Peg-Leg; The Passing of Cock-Eye Blacklock; A Memorandum of Sudden Death; Two Hearts tLit Beat as One; The Dual Person ality of Slick Dick Nickerson; The Ship that Saw a Ghost; The Ghost in the Crosstrees; The Riding of Felipe. "The Joyous Miracle" published by Doubleday, Page & Com pany, 1906. "The Third Circle," published by John Lane Company, 1909. Contents: The Third Circle; The House with the Blinds; Little Dramas of the Curbstone; Shorty Stack, Pugilist; The Strangest Thing; A Reversion to Type; " Boom;" The Dis-associated Chari ties; Son of a Sheik; A Defense of the Flag; Toppan; A Caged Lion; "This Animal of a Buldy Jones;" Dying Fires; Grettir at Grangey ; The Guest of Honour. "Vandover and the Brute" published by Doubleday, Page & Company," 1914. English Editions "Yvernelle," 1891. "Shanghaied" (English title of "Moran of the Lady Letty"), by Richards, 1899; by Nelson, 1904; by Pearson, 1908. "McTeague," by Richards, 1899. "Blix." by Richards, 1900. 26 "A Man s Woman", by Richards, 1900. "Epic of the Wheat; the Octopus", by Richards 1901; also as "The Octopus", by Nelson, 1908. "Epic of the Wheat: the Pit", by Richards, 1903; also as "The Pit", by Nelson, 1908. "A Deal in Wheat", by Richards, 1903. "The Responsibilities of the Novelist," by Richards, 1903. "The Third Circle," by Lane, 1909. "Vandover and the Brute" by Heinemann, 1914. Portraits of Frank Norris Bookbuyer, 18:187 (1899) Bookman, 10:234 (1899) Bookman, 16:307 (1902) Critic, 34:398 (1899) Critic, 41:536 (1902) Lamp, 26:55 (1903) World s Work, 3:1450 World s Work, 5:2815 Review of Reviews, 24 :59i Essays on Frank Norris and His Work F.T. Cooper, in the Bookman, 10:234 F. T. Cooper, in the Bookman, 16:334 H. Garland, in the Critic, 42:216 P.Millard,inOw*J^s/, 18:49 H. M. Wright, in the California University Chronicle, 5 :24O H. N. Stephens, in the California University Chronicle, 5 ^24 W. D. Ho wells, in the North American Review, 1 75 769 M. B. Levick, in the Overland, New Ser., 45 :504 A. Goodrich, in Current Literature, 34:105 F. Dill, in the Bookman, 38 :27o 27 H.W.Preston, in the A tlantic, 91:691 H. M. East, Jr. in the Overland, 60 (New Ser.) 1533 F. T. Cooper, in his book "American Story-Tellers," page 295-330 J. V. Jensen, in his book " Die Neue Welt," page 1 10 et seq. Harper s Weekly, 47 1433 (14 Mar. 03) World s Work, 5:2815 Current Literature, 33:764; and 5 2:2 27 Putnam s, 6:629 Reviews of Individual Books "Deal in Wheat" Bookman, 18:311 (Nov. 03); Athenaeum, 1903, 2 -.613 (Nov. 03). "Pit" Bookman, 16:565 (A. B. Paine); "World s Work"; 5:3133-4 (O. Wister); Lamp, 26:54 (A. S. Van Westrum), Independent, 55:331; Athenaeum, 1903, 1:204; Arena, 29:440; Outlook, 73:152. "Responsibilities of the Novelist" Lamp, 27:342; Nation, 77:41 1 (19 Nov. 03) "McTeague" Athenaeum, 1899, 2:757 (2 Dec. 09). "Man s Woman" Critic, 36:352 (April, 1000). "Octopus" Bookman, 13:245 (F. T. Cooper); Bookbuyer, 22:326 (A. S. Van Westrum); Overland, 37 (New Ser.), 1050; Independent, 53:1139; Dial, 31:136 (W. M.Payne); Harper s, 103:824; Athenaeum, 1901, 2:447 (B. O. Flower); Arena, 27:547 (H. W. Boynton) ; Atlantic, 89:708. "Third Circle" A. L. A. Booklist, 6:56; Athenaeum, 1909, 2:206; Xation, 88:607; New York Times, 14:339; Saturday Re view, 108:264; Spectator, 103:425. 28 Books by Frank Norris JUST OUT Vandover and the Brute " The idea of the novel is so big, it stands so firmly upon the fundamental things in human nature, that we may well confine our selves to a consideration of Mr. Morris s intent in the matter. Frank Norris, to whom art meant truth, and truth art would be glad to know (as perhaps he does) that his first book, appears at last in a time that judges it, not by conventional and artificial standards, but on the simple basis of the truth there is in it, and the truth in it will speak for itself." New York Times. Net, $1.35 EARLIER BOOKS Moran of the Lady Letty .... Net, gi.oo McTeague Net, $1.35 Blix Net, $1.55 A Man s Woman Net, $1.35 The Octopus Net, $1.35 The Pit Net, #1.35 A Deal in Wheat, Illustrated. . . Net, #1.35 Copies of this booklet will be sent free on request. Garden City DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO. New York 1 58987 LOAN PERIOD 1 HOME USE ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS -month cans may be renewed by calli DEPARTMENT in Librar DUE AS STAMPED BELOW Ltt MO nr* UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY * NO. DD6, 60m, 3/80 BERKELEY, CA 94720 s