UC-NRLF p 1 U^U =105 I \ I ' f « Indian Appropriation Bill, 1922 Ifj^^ HEARING 66> BEFOBE OS SUBCOMMITTEE OF HOUSE . COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS^ CONSISTING OF Messrs. JOHN A. ELSTON (Chairman), S. WALLACE DEMPSEY, GEORGE HOLDEN TINKHAM, WILLIAM W. HASTINGS, AND THOMAS F. SMITH IN CHAEGB OF THE INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL FOR 1922 SIXTY-SIXTH CONGRESS THIRD SESSION WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE V6C30 1*2^ Indian Appropriation Bill, 1922 HEARING BEFORE j SUBCOMMITTEE OF HOUSE COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS CONSISTING OF Messrs. JOHN A. ELSTON (Chairman), S. WALLACE DEMPSEY, GEORGE HOLDEN TINKHAM, WILLIAM W. HASTINGS, AND THOMAS F. SMITH IN CHARGE OF i i THE INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL FOR 1922 SIXTY-SIXTH CONGRESS THIRD SESSION WASHINGTON (GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 20030 1921 COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS. House of REPRESENXATrvES. StlBCOMMITTEE OX INDIAN APPKOPBIATION BILL. JOHN A. ELSTON, Chairman. S. WALLACE DEMPSEY. WILLIAM W. HASTINGS. GEORGE HOLDEN TINKHAM. THOMAS F. SMITH. 2 CO// INDIAN APPEOPEIATION BILL, 1922. n(^. •• HEARINGS CONDUCTED BY THE SUBCOMMITTEE, MESSRS. JOHN A. ELSTON (CHAIRMAN), S. WALLACE DEMPSEY, GEORGE HOLDEN TINKHAM, WILLIAM W. HASTINGS, AND THOMAS F. SMITH, OF THE COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, IN CHARGE OF THE INDIAN APPROPRIA- TION BILL FOR 1922, ON THE DAYS NAMED. Wednesday, December 15, 1920. STATEMENT OF MR. EDGAR B. MERITT, ASSISTANT COMMIS- SIONER OF INDIAN AFFAIRS. GENERAL STATEMENT. Mr, Elston. Mr. Meritt, you may proceed with any general state- ment you may wish to make before taking up the items of your estimates for the Indian appropriation bill for the next fiscal year. Mr. Meritt. Mr. Chairman, in making up the estimates this year, we necessarily had to take into consideration the fact that there had been no new construction during the period of the war, and very little improvement to our school plants, and for that reason we are asking for some new construction, as well as increased items for general repairs. We have very few new items in the bill. The total increase amounts to $1,969,148.40. The current appropriation act is lower than our estimates by between three and four million dollars. We are asking for considerably less than we requested in our estimates last year, but a slight increase over the amount carried in the pres- ent Indian act. I will place in the record a statement showing the amount re- quested for 1922, gratuity, reimbursable, treaty and tribal funds, and also the appropriations for 1921, showing the increase over the current Indian appropriation act. (The statement referred to is as follows:) Estimates, 1922. Appropri- ated, 1921. Gratuity $8,221,599.67 2,834,484.00 933,620.00 3,059,886.30 $7,251,985.20 1,982,150.07 Reimbursable. . Treaty . 826, 620. 00 Tribal funds 2, 827, 442. 12 Total ; 15,049,589.97 12,847,997.30 Charged against Federal Treasury: 1922 estimates 11,989,703.67 1921 act 10,020,555.27 Increase 1,969,148.40 Tribal fimds: 1922 estimates 3,059,886 30 2,827,442.12 1921 act Increase 232,444.18 Net Increase, 1922 estimates over 1921 act ^ 2,201,592.58 ivi5.'iaii5 4 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, Mr. Elston. Mr. Meritt, you speak of the necessity for makinL^ larger estimates on account of tlie restriction of construction durinu: the war-time period. Do you think that necessity Avill be offset in any way by what api^ears to be a downward sliding scale of costs pretty well all along the line? Mr. MKRrrr. There is a slight decrease in prices of l)uilding mate- rial. I understand that the cost of building material lias not gone down in the same proportion that other prices have, but we hope that when this bill becomes effective prices will be further reduced. Mr. Elston. Are you making your estimates which are now sub- mitted to us. and on Avhich you will offer justifications. ui)on the basis of conditions as you expect them to be commencing next July, when the present bill will go into effect ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. You are trying to forecast as near as you can what those conditions will be, according to the present trend? Mr. ]\Ieritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. And you are basing your requirements in these esti- mates accordingly? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. For example, we are asking for an appro- priation for our schools on a per capita basis of $200 for the larger schools, and $225 for the smaller schools. If prices do not go down further, it will be impossible for us to conduct our schools on that basis, but Ave believe that prices will be so adjusted by the beginning of the next school year that by the closest economy we can carry our schools on that per capita basis. Of course, it is realized that the per capita cost of our Indian schools is very much less than the per capita cost of the white schools. We think we are making a very good showing along economic lines in connection Avith our Indian schools. Mr. Elston. I might go a little farther in order to save the repe- tition of this kind of questions on your justification of each of the several items as they come along, and ask you whether you have made your estimates on the basis of a doAvuAvard scale of prices cov- ering other things than construction costs? Have you estimated in your requests here for appropriations covering subsistence, supplies, etc., that the appropriation will cover only what will be required to buy these things at Avhat Avill be expected to be a reduced price com- mencing next July? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. You have tried to forecast that as to all items whicli are necessary to be purchased for the Indian service? Mr. Merii-t. Yes, sir. We will have to exercise the greatest economy in order to get by with the estimates we have submitted to Congress. There are certnin items hei-e, like irrigation construction, that can be i)ost])oned to a future date if the committee deems ad- visable. Mr. Elston. I am not speaking of the elimination or ])ostpone- ment of any item; T am speaking of the actual cost of the necessary items we will put in the bill and appropriate for, and in the record I am trying to get the basis of your estimate, whether it is based on present price schedules or on the schedules as you expect them to be commenciii"- with Julv and going through the year which will end in July. 19212 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 5 ]Mr. Meritt. We base them on the conditions that will probably obtain at the time the act will become effective, namel}', July 1, 1921. ]Mr. Elstox. I will ask another general question so as to save repetition. In making jour general estimates, Avhich we are now about to consider, have you complied, so far as possible, Avith all of the directions contained in the last appropriation bill, which the committee expected would result in retrenchment? jNIr. ]Meritt. Yes, sir. ]Mr. Elstox. And, as a general thing, has the application of some of those clauses which were put in the Indian appropriation bill last year resulted in anv saving, or have vou had time to see the effect of them? Mr. Meritt. They will eventually result in saving, but they have not been in operation long enough at this time to state the exact saving that will lesult. Mr. Elstox. The bill has been in operation only for several months now — since last July ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elstox. So that vou can not make very much of a showing at this time ? Mr. ^Ieritt. Except that we know, in line with the legislation on probate work, that hereafter we will get enough fees from our pro- bate work to reimburse entirely the appropriation that Congress makes each year for this work. Mr. Elstox. I think those are all the questions of a general char- acter that are suggested by your opening statement. I think we can now take up the bill, and have your justification on the first item, " Surveying and allotting Indian reservations " : SURVEYING AND ALLOTTING INDIAN BESERVATIONS. For the sui'vey, lesiirvey, classilication, and allotment of lands in severalty under the provisions of the act of February S, 1887 (24 Stat. L., p. 388), entitled "An act to provide for the allotment of lands iu severalty to Indians," and under any other act or acts providing for the survey or allotment of Indian lands, $80,000, reimbursable, to be immediately available : Provided, That no part of said sum shall be iised for the survey, resurvey, classification, or allot- ment of any land in severalty on the public domain to any Indian, whether of the Navajo or other tribes, within the State of New Mexico and the State of Arizona, who was not residing upon the public domain prior to June 30, 1914. Mr. Meritt. ]Mr. Chairman, I offer for the record the following justification for this item : Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated $ 10, 000. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Unexpended balance 109, 072. 72 Amount appropriated 10, 000. 00 119, 072. 72 Amount expended :— 109, 318. 82 Unexpended balance . 9, 753. 90 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 53, 413. 78 Traveling expenses 8, 914. 99 Transportation of supplies 1, 507. 70 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 1, 276. 98 Subsistence supplies 11, 445. 82 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, Aimlysis of (>\iten<|itiiiv8 — Continued. Vonim- . $1,548.81 Fiu-1. liil>ri(ji!its, jxi\v«T, and lipht wrvlce 441. 31 K<|ui|)niiMit and luiKc-ellaneous uiatcrial 3,466.89 H.Mit of huildlngs l^'f^ Mis«'«'llan«'i»us 773. 71 Outstanding liabilities 26, 292. 36 109, 318. 82 At the «loH«' of tlie »s«al y«'iir ending June 30, 1920, there remained on hand nn un)-x|H'nd(il Imlancf of a|i|in>\iinatfl.v . availalile for survey and allotment work. At that time allotment work was in profrre.ss on tlic Illackfeet Ke.servatinn in Montana and on the <;ila Hiver Iteservalion in .\rizoiia. and prei»araIions were hein« made to he;.'in .illotment work on tlie Flathead Keservation, Mont., and the Fort Berthohl Reservation, N. I>ak. In addition to the reservations nametl, funds were need«»eupp and Navajo Agen- eies. ,\riz. ; I'ine Kid;re, S. I)ak. : and Turtle Mo\intaiii, N. Dak. Hy reason of the hnlc of fwiitls it l)e(anie nec«'ssary to abolish four jiositions at the Leupp. I'ine Kiili-'e, and Turtle Monutain Atrencies, ami to postpone the work of allotnieni at Fort I'.«'rtliold. It al.so lu'cime neces-sary for the (Jeneral Land Office to discontinue all Indian survey work then in progress, except in ceitain ii'.ses wliere ii was possible to use funds from some other appropria- tion. These conditions wei-e the result of tlie inadcxpiate appropriations for l!r_'0 and lltUl (.S1o,(HMt each year) and the unusual amount exi)ended Ijy the (Jeneral Land < >IIice durint: the two-year period jirior to June 30, 1920. As the entire surplus available has been hypothecated and will be used dur- ing the jieriod ending I >ecember 31. lOlio. it is imperative that the funds asked for in this item should be mael. Wash. I'nless th»' funds asked for are made immediately availaltle, it will be nec- essary for Ihe aldy more important than that nt any otiier jiiaee. In this <*ase the allotments must l»e made by Fei»ruary 20, 19J1. as provided by law, unless an extension is granted by Congress, Instrucijoiis have already been issued for allotment work to be done on the <"ainp .M(d>owell and Salt River Rt«»;ervalions in Arizona, and on the Had River Reservation in Wis<(insin. aiul unless the funds asked for are made immediately available it will l»e ne<'essary to j)ost|M»ne this work indethdtely. Tile following table will show an estimated a|iportionment of the funds nee. 000 RIacUfeet Reservation, Mont .'. (KH) Camp .M(d>owell and Salt River Resei'viitlons, ArlJt ."i. (MKI I'ort I'ecU Reservation, .Mont. ."i.OOO Fori Rerthold Reservation, .\. Dak .■>. (KK> .Mission Reservations in Caiifiu'idn »__ « 20. 0(¥> Bad River Reservation, Wis .">. 0(H) I.M<' Coiirte (»reiile R<'s«'rvat ion, WIh ."i, (MK) Kalispel Reservation, Wasli «__ .">, (Km For surveys l»y (ieiieral Land OHlce 20. (HM> SO, 0(X> ReH«-rviilionN o|M*neil : Round N'alley, Calif.: Coeur dWIene. Idaho; Potta- v\iitomle. Kans. : Rols l-'orl, .Minn.; De»'r Creek, Minn.; Fond du Lac, Minn.; Or I l'"i(M^e. .Minn.; L ^^ ^ ^, Y. ; N. y.; Oil spring, N. Y. ; Oneida, N. |i.;^X Sreg. ftmatilla. Oreg.; Warm Tonawanda, N. Y. ; Tuscarora ^„^. ' ^^l^J^'^f^^^^^ Shoalwater. Wash.; Yakima, Springs, Oreg. ; Quileute, W ash. Q "" ^^^/^ ^^ ^^f,'. ozette. Wash. ^^i^^ S^r?2e:;4tionrSsS unci r ;Reservations not opened, co^^n 'sUlus --?:\^^- Sf • aSp^" ndtS-e, Kans. ; Iowa. K.ns. ; Reservations closed : Pala, Cahf. , ChlPPe^^ a i^"" %^ j^Iich. ; L'Anse, ^Lch. ; Kickapoo, Kans.; Sauk -"^^^J J^J!^' Mieh "w^^^^^ Ontonagon. ^lich. ; Ottawa and Chlppe^^ a, AUcn^ T^Iountain. N. Dak. ; Apache, Lac, Minn. ; Blackfeet, Mont. ; Po'^f ^.^f ^^, 'X, Okla. : Modoc, Okla. ; Osage Okla. ; Kansa or Kaw, Okla. ; Fort SiH, Apaches u^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^^^ . ^ ^^ Okla.; Otoe, Okla.; ^^^J;^' ^^)^,'\:\ST\^^k^^^^ Ronde Oreg.;Columbia, Wash.; Klickitat AN asn. 1.1111 . wash.; Snohomish, wTsh ; Nisqu'alli, Wash. ; P^^t Madison Wash Skokomi^^^^^^^ ^,^.^.^^^ ^^,.^ . Sir^Htf ^J^-oS^'^^fttoSSS^r^iTf £ Pointe, Wis. ^I^^Lrr. We are asMn, for an ^^^^^f^^S^^^ Mr. Chairman, because for ^.^er^V'^^f^Xncf ^.^Xble fiW' that priation, and there. was q^-^^jl;^f,^,^^^.^Ss ago eliminated the continuing appropriation. <^o^"^f ',r'',J,:,j' iltion from about continuing ain^roprmtion, -^ -t^ th^ appiopu^^^^^ ^^^, ^^ Sfl trgtSTthe I^ount^ Wofoil appropriated to carry ■ "^^^i.. Mr. Meritt how much -s^^^^^^ JSs year-that is, for the fiscal year ending June 30, U^U ^^Mr'fLiTT. For the fiscal year ending June 30, 1920, the amount expended was $109,318.82. „„^i^rl rlnriuo- the last fiscal year, use • Mr. Meritt. Yes sir. , $ioo,000 under a surplus over from the preceding year? 8 IXUIAX APPROPniATlOX BILL, 1922. Mr. Mkri'it. Yes, sir: and we explained that fact to the committees of Con*?ress, and that is the reasf)n wliy we supjrested that the appro- priation l)e fut down to the minimum until we coukl j^et the un- expended balance used up. UXEXPEXDKD BAI^NCE. Mr. Ei..sT(..\. How much will he available for oxpentliture for the fiscal year commencing' June ;i(), 1920, and endin«r June 30, 1021, when the present appropriation is expected to become available? Mv. MKiiyrr. Wc have only $0,703.00 unexpended balance, and the ai)propriation of $10,000 for this year, making: apjiroximately $10.(X)0. sind th:it is one reason why we iliink we will have to have this made immediately available— so that we will not have to stop allotment work on these reservations during' the current fiscal year. .Mr. Klsto.x. Then, what you are askin;: now. in "part at least, is in the nature of a deficiency appropriation for the current year, for which i)rovision was supposed to have been made in the last Indian appiopriation bill: is that riria(e ? Mr. .Mi.i(rrr. I will say probably CO or 7o per i-ent of it. Mr. Ki..sTo.\. Seventy 'p«'i* «'t'nt would be $r>(;,(K)(). Tlu.'n vour i>J|,000 "wliicb when IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, li)2-:. 9 added to the $19,000, which I iindorstand you to have on hand as of July 1, 1920, Avill make a total sum of $43,000 for use under this head during the present fiscal year ; is that correct ? Mr. Meritt, Yes, sir. Mr. Elstox. Then you will haA-e, for the next fiscal year, accord- ing to that computation I have just made, a sum of about $48,000, which will represent about what you need for next year, if the sum of $43,000, which you will have available this year, is all you need;, is that right ? Mr. Meritt. We will have to exercise the greatest economy, and will have to cut down on allotment work generally, but there are certain reservations where we have got to do allotment work in order to come witliin the provisions of the law. For example, out on the Flathead Reservation we are expected to do that allotment work within a certain prescribed time, and we are doing the allotment work on the Blackfeet Reservation, and we will do allotment work on the Crow Reservation in Montana, which Congress requires shall be done within a certain time. Mr. Elstox. Mr. Meritt, if it happens, as it may happen, that a point of order will be made against this clause to the effect that this proposed appropriation shall become immediately available, then you would have to go ahead for the present year ending June 30, 1921, under the present appropriation of $19,000, or be under the compul- sion of retrenching that work, or coming in and asking for a de- ficiency appropriation in the deficiencj" bill ; is that correct ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. ^Ir. Elstox. That very thing may happen, and if it does happen and we respond to your request for the full $80,000. you will have then, for use in the fiscal year commencing July 1, 1921, considerably in excess of what you say you will use this year or, namely, $43,000 ; is that not a fact ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir: but we expect to spend about $80,000 next year, because we will come back and ask that this be made immedi- ately^ available, so as to catch up on this shortage of funds. We have been expending for allotment work and survey work not less than $80,000 for the last several years. Mr. Elstox. This $80,000 does not really correspond to what you need for the uses of the present fiscal year and the next fiscal year, because you say 5'ou will need the full $80,000 for the next fiscal year ? ]Mr. ]\1eritt. Yes, sir. ]Mr. Elstox. Why did you not put in your estimates, then, if 3^011 expected this clause to go in the bill, that the appropriation become immediately available, a larger estimate than your $80,000, in order to fully comply Avith the needs of the next fiscal year? Mr. Meritt. Because we wanted to keep the estimates down to the lowest possible figure. Mr. Elstox. What has been the average actual expenditure in your department under this head during the past five years? Mr. Meritt. It has been not less than $80,000, but I will furnish for the record at this point a statement showing the exact amounts we have expended in the last five or six years. 10 IXDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. (The statement referred to is as follows:) Stntcmcnt of coat of oUotmvut and xurvey icork. Indian Service, 1916-1920, inrhixive. Yetr. AUottinR. Surveying. Total. (a) 1916 Wo, 7.53. 73 .3S,6nS.35 ■.if), 552. 26 24,660.45 27,63:1.05 J63,31»-2. U 42.140.73 73,07S.49 46,926.61 5.-.,2!>3.41 *109,II5.S7 (6) I0I7 so.r^H.OK (r) 1V»1«... I0f,«.30. 7.". (<*) I'JI'.i 7l,5'<7.0fi M-.ll . 82.M26. 4(> 167,207.84 280, 840. 3« 44S.04««. 22 .\v»'nmo .yearly «'.\iM*iii*(unM>nt 150.S, Si.xty-liflli Congress, third sessil-_> was $-2i:>,000. Mr. Mi;Kirr. IJecause we are doing less allotment aiid survey work now than we did formerly, for the reason that we have a large num- ber of these reservations allotted and surveyed, and the work will gi'adually den-oaso. Mr. JCi.sToN. There will be a time when the work will actually cea.se. will there not ? Mr. Mi:i{riT. Yes, sir. Ml'. Ei.sTox. When will that time be? Ml'. Mkkh r. It is on the point of decreasing. It has been decreJi.s- ing in the last few years. I would say that such allotment work that should be done will be done within the next 10 years. There are some reservations that should not be allotted on accoiuit of the char- acter of the land, becau.se it is impossible to divide it up anuuig the Indians so that they coiUd make a living on individual allotiftents. Mr. Elstox. Are you making surveys and allotments under this heading and out of this appropriation for immediate needs or for what you anticipate as future needs? Mr. MKitrrr. For immediate needs. Mr. Ei.sToN. That is where some law has been pas.sed which con- tem|)lates a li(|uidation of the Indians" affairs in that particular reservation ( Ml'. Mkijiit. Yes, sir. Mr. Ei.sroN. A\'liere you are surveying and allotting? Mr. Mkiuit. ^ es, sir: and where there is an immediate demaiul for the survey and allotment of the reservation. Mr. El.st()N. Are vou making anv duplications in the way of sur- veys ( Nir. .MKKirr. No, sir. .Mr. Elston. This work that you expect to do is original work: it has ne\('i' been done before? Mr. .MKitrrr. Ves. sir: it is original work. Mr. Ei-sr(»N. .\nd it is a part of the process of closing Indian affairs^ Mr. .MKHrrr. Tlmt is true. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 11 Mr. Elstox. And getting the lands into the hands of the individual Indians ? Mr. ]Meritt. .Yes, sir. NUMBER AND SIZE OF ALLOTMENTS. Mr. Dempsey. Ho%y many allotments did voii make under vour c/ ^ c last appropriation ? Mr. Meritt. There were 1,433 allotments approved by the depart- ment during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1920, covering a total acreage of 172,546 acres; allotments made in the field numbered 1,546, covering 172.616 acres. Mr. Dempset. Divided into something over 1,000 allotments? Mr. Meritt. One thousand four hundred and thirty-three, ap- proved by the department. ^Ir. Dempset. That is an average of how much per allotment, a little over 100 acres ? Mr. Meritt. Under the law. different amounts. For example, on some reservations where they have irrigable land, we allot 10 acres; on reservations where the land is diy and grazing, it is usually 320 acres, and where it is agricultural land it is usually 80 acres or 160 -acres. number or FAMILIES RECEIVING ALLOTMENTS. Mr. Dempsey. That took care of 1,433 families, then, roughly speaking, and how many families are there under the jurisdiction of the Indian Bureau ? Mr. Meritt. The total Indian population is 336,337. Mr. Dempsey. And there are about 60,000 families? Mr. Meritt. A large number of these families have already been allotted. Mr. Dempsey. When the allotments have been made, does that re- lieve the Indian from the guardianship of the Government ? Mr. Meritt. Xo, sir; when the allotments are made they receive what is known as a trust patent, and that land is held under trust for a period of 25 years, unless the Indian demonstrates his com- petency in the meantime, in which event a patent in fee is issued to Mm for that land. Upon receipt of his fee patent he is removed from the jurisdiction of the Government. Mr. Dempsey. Demonstrating his capacity means to the satisfac- tion of the department, as reported to it through the local agent ? Mr. Meritt. Usuallj^ through a local superintendent in charge of the reservation. We also have what are known as competency com- missions that go out on the reservations and make sun^eys of the situation among the Indians, and they submit reports as to Indians who are competent, and we issue to them patents in fee. The superin- tendent of the reservation is usually a member of the competency commission. Mr. Dempsey. That would take about 50 years, at that rate, would it not? Mr. Meritt. About two-thirds of the Indians in the United States have already been allotted. 12 INDIAN AIPROPniATIOX BILL, F22. Mr. Klstox. You havo jn.st expressed tlie estimate that it will take about 10 Years to finisli the allotment work. Mr. Mi:nrrT. The allotment and survey work. The surveyins: is done by the (iiMurnl Lund Ollit-e under (-(mtract with the Indian Bureau. punLic noMAiN IX xrw Mexico axd ahizoxa exceited fkom allot- MEXT. Mr. Dk.mi'sey. Why are New Mexico and Arizona excepted from this provision? Mr. MKKirr. There is quite a history in connection with that pro vi.so. Mr. Di.MrsKY. But they are excepted? Mr. Mi:urn'. Yes, sir. ^^'e are not permitted to make allotments to Indians on the pui)lic domain in Arizona and New Mexico out of this ai)propriation. for the reason that the Representatives of those two States in ('on;j:ress have contended that there are larpe areas of Indian reservations in those two States and that the Indians should be allotted on the reservations and not on the public domain. Mr. Hastings. An act was passed to that effect, dated June 30, 1014. was it not ^ Mr. Mekiit. That is the date. Mr. Hastings. Why is this date inserted? Mr. Mekitt. That is the date that the law l)ecame effective. Mr. Klstox. That does not preclude the allotment to the Indians in those States of land witiiin the reservation i Mr. Meuitt. Xo, sir; it applies to lands on the public domain. Mr. Elston. a part of this appropriation could be used, then, if you had anv allotment or siirvev work on Indian reservations in tiiose States f Mr. MEurrr. Oh, yes; that is an exception limited to the public domain in those two States. r REnillUR.SEMENT OF COST OF ALU1TTINO. Mr. Elstox. This aj)propriation is desijj:nated as beinj; reimburs- able. Have you anythin<; to say with re«xard to what that means, or whether it means iinythiii iLcui that you stated that tiiere were a number of special acts of Congress passed wliich charged to the tribal funds the surveying and allot- ment of tribal property in that particular case. Is tiiat correct? Mi-. MiiiM'rr. "^'cs. sir. Mr. Ki>T(»N. None of this work contemplated under the appro- priation we are now discussing will be done on any lands affected by those special acts? Ml". MKKrrr. No. sir. Mr. Klston. ^^ hat was the theory of Congress, do you know, in ciiaiging .some tril)es with work of this kind done in their behalf, and e.xenipting other tribes from this charge? Mr. MKurrr. Because some of the tril)es had large amounts of sur- plus land for whidj they would get compensjition. and also sPniATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Mkkitt. Tliev must have a patent Ijefore they can pass title. Mr. Hastings. ^Vhat was the reason for the proviso in that sec- tion^ "Would lutt the act of June 30, 1914, be comprehended in the hist line or two before tlie proviso, which reads. " and under any otlier act or acts providin*; for the survey or allotment of Indian hunls"? If thi.s proviso is .stricken from the bill, would not the act of June 'M). 1J>14, be still in effect? Mr. MKitriT. Xo, sir: for the reason that that act applied to the moneys appropriated in that act. You will notice this item says that no i)art of said sum shall be used to survej', etc. If this legis- lation were not continued in each Indian appropriation act we could ^o ahead and use the current api)ropriations for that work. Mr. IIastinos. But I invite your attention to the last two or thre» lines before the proviso, under which the survey, resurvey, classi- fication, and allotment of the lands is made not only under the act of February S, IHST, but '•any other act or acts providinlicy in reL'aid to whether or not these items should be «harged again.st the Indian lan»ls here- after. .Mr. .MiiiMir. ^ t*s. sii\ Mr, Ki.sToN, And that that would be a matter for the ci)mmittee to take up and for ('ongress to consider. That is what you deem to W thi' status of the situation now? Mr, MKitrrr. ^'es, sir. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 17 Mr. Elston. I think that in so far as any of this work you are doing comes on reservations covered by any of the special acts you have mentioned, where the charges are specifically made against the land, that you ought to make an effort to keep books on that. Mr. Meritt. We will endeavor to have that reimbursed. Mr. Elston. And in other cases not covered by special acts, where you think the Indians are well able to take care of the expense, I think you may then bring into play the mandate of the present law which directs you to do that very thing. What is the next item, Mr. Meritt? Mr. Meritt (reading) : lElUGATION ON INDIAN RESKBVATIONS, EEIMBURSABLE. For the construction, repair, and maintenance of irrigation systems, and for purchase or rental of irr'fration tools and appliances, water rights, ditches, and lands necessary for irrigation purposes for Indian reservations and alh^tments ; for operation of irrigation systems or api)urtenances thereto, when no other funds are npplicahle or availahle for the purpose; for drainage and protection of irrigable lands from damage by floods or loss of water rights upon the In- dian irrigation projects named below: Irrigation district 1: Round Valley Reservation, Calif., .$1,000. Irrigation district 2: Shivwits Reservation, Utah, $500; Walker River Reser- vation, Nev., .$8,000 ; Western Shoshone Reservation, Idaho and Nev., .$3.500 ; total .$12,000. Irrigation district 3 : Tongue River, Mont., $2,000. Irrigation district 4: Ak Chin Reservation, Ariz., $4,000; Coachella Valley pumping plants, California, $11,000 ; Owens River Valley projects, Califcn-nia. $2,000; Soboba Reservation, Calif., $750; Morongo Reservation, Calif. ,$8,000; Pala and Rincon Reservations, Calif.. $2,500; Tule River Reservation, Calif., $5,000; miscellaneous projects, $12,000; total, .$45,2-50. Irrigation district 5: New Mexico Pueblos, $15,000; Zuni Reservation, N. Mex., $4,-500; Navajo and Hopi miscellaneous projects, Arizona, including Tes- nos-pos, INIoencopi Wash, Kin-le-chee, W'ide Ruins, Red Lake, Corn Creek, Wepo Wash. Oraibi Wash, and Polacca W\ash, $20,000 ; total, $39,500. For necessary miscellaneous expenses incident to the general administration of Indian irilgation projects, including salaries of not to exceed 5 supervising engineers : In Indian irrigation district 1 : Oregon, Washington, northern California, ami northern Idaho, $10,000. In Indian irrigation district 2; Southern Idaho, Nevada, and Utah, $13,600. In Indian irrigation district 3 : Montana. Wyoming, and South Dakota, $12,000. In Indian irrigation district 4 : Central and southern California and southern Arizona, $16..500. In Indian irrigation district 5 : Northern Arizona, New Mexico, and Colorado, $12,000. For cooperative stream gauging with tlie United States Geological Survey, $2,000. For necessary surveys and investigations to determine the feasibility and esti- mated cost of liew projects and power and reservoir sites on Indian reservations in accordance with the provisions of .section 13 of the act of June 25, 1910, $2,000. Irrigat-on district 1: Colville Re.sei'vation, Wash., .$6,000; irrigation district 5: Southern Ute Reservation, Colo., $20,000; the above amounts to be paid out of tribal funds ; reimbursable under such rules, regulations, and comlitions as the Secretary of the Interior may prescribe. For pay of 1 "chief irrigation engineer, $4,000; 1 assistant chief irrigation en- gineer, $3,000; 1 superintendent of irrigation competent to pass upon water rights, $2,.500; 1 field cost accountant, $2,2.50; and for traveling and incidental expenses of officials and employees of the Indian irrigation service, including sleeping-car fare, and a per diem not exceeding $3.50 in lieu of subsistence when actually employed in the field and away from designated headquarters, $6,000. 26630—21 2 18 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. In ;ill. ffir irri^ration <>n Iiidiiiii n^si-rvatiiMis. .":iist 1, litl I {'AS Slal. L., p. r)Si.M : I'niritled. Tliat no part of this aiiproprlation shall h** »'xi»endiHl on any irrigation system or reclamation project for wliicli ptildic fnnds arc or may tie otlierwise available: I'nuu'ed further. That tlie furcjrdin;: amounts appriipriate. 30 j Fuel, lubricants, power and Ii}.'ht service 3, 4;^3. 24 f Kquiiuuent and miscelhineous material 23, .">30. SO I Streani-uaiitrini; exjienses 3, 468. l.T ^ Kent of l.uiliiinKs 4. 971.S7 Mi.s(K1, This sjim is re0<1. This system comprises various old Indian ditclies and cert;iin ditches con- structed liy tile Indian Service, covering a total of 770 acres of cultivated land and 4,(HK» acres of hay land. The funds n^pdrnl are for usmtl main- teniiiK-e and operation exiteiises. The a^e of some of tlu> structures in the system necessitates their renewal, which entails a higher rate of maintenance tlian is usual. Toimue River Reservation. Mont., .$2,0. This sum Is re lu-res of land, approximately one-lialf of which is In ciilllvalion by Indians and while lesse«'s. The Indians do not make the best poshlbie use of this system. anair iuid paying the cost of o])erating expenses. Coacliella Valley pumping plants, Calif.. $11,000. There are five pumping plants in the Coacliella Valley, on which the Indians are dependent for water for irrigation purposes. The lands are exceiitionally fei'tile and produce esjiecially large and valuahle crops. Puniiring water for irrigation purposes is considerahly more expensive than supplying it by gravity, Init water from wells is the only supply available in this cimntry, and tlie value of the crops raised an)i)ly justifies the cost. In order to keep the five plants in opei-ation it is necessary to have an engineer in chaige of each one, with a more experienced man in general charge to travel from plant to plant to keep the machinery in proper order. These plants are oi>erated approxi- mately 10 mouths in the year, and two or more crops are raised on the land. Owens Kiver Valley projects, Calif., $2,000. In the Owens Kiver Valle\', Calif., imder tlie jnrisdicti0(>. Irrijriitioii systems have li«>«'ii Installed on lO dilTereiit jrrants to the Pueblo Indians in New Mexico, and funntinue«l ojieration and maintenance of the existing systems, in addition to protecting the lands of the Indians against encroachments of the Klo (Jrande Hiver. Additional j>ro- te<-tion work and repairs to existing systems at San Juan. Santa (Mara. Cochiti, I Santo l>ondngo, San Fciipc. and Sandia will he mves-sary to protect the hold- ings of these deserving Iiulians. Zunl Ueservation, N. Mex., $4,r)00. This is to provide largely for the operation and maintenance of the existing system at Zuni. which covers an ultimate area of .(MM). The Navajo and Hopi Reservations cover nn aggregate area exceeding lli,(MMt.(HM> acres, with an Indian jxipulation of ovei- :-{.").fMM». The country Is arid and the iMi.ssibilities for developing water for irrigation lairiMises very lindti'; district No. 2, .S13,(!(K); di.strict No. 3. $12.(K)0; dis- trict No. 4. .$lG.r»4»0; di.strict No. '>, .$12,(MM). These amounts are rere- liminary investigations. In a few instances it becomes necessary to make spe<-ial investigations to preveid the loss of water rights of Indians by en- croachments of adverse white water users, and funds are reqtUred to cover nds- cellanjHius expenses of this kind, t'olvllle He.servatlon, Wash.. $(5.(K)0. 'I'his amount is rnpiired mainly for operation and nailntemmce of thre«' dif- ferent projects on this reservation, covering an aggregate area of .3,4tK.> acres, composed of the Little Nespelem project, l.tMM) acres; the Nesju'lem project. 1,2(M» acres; and tlie Agency project, (MM* acres. The Colvllle Kes«'rvatiou Is large, with Itut few Irrigation opixtrtuidtles offered, and these Indians are making g I use of the available water furidslied in tln'ir behalf. This appro- prialiion comes out of tribal funds to be reimbuised unth'r such rules and I'Cgti- hitlons IIS the Secretaiv of the Interior may pre.scril>e. Southern I'te Ueservation, ('(do., .S2(t,()00. The Irrigation system on the Southern I'te Ileservafon whs constructeKI) H.\ I .A N ( 'K8. There is one point I want to call to your attention. There is an unexpended balance of $iaO,5SJ).4(). 1 have a memorandum here IXDIAX APPROPEIATIOX BILL, 1022. 23 showing the reasons why we have that Large unexpended balance, which reads as follows: Material and labor were so extremely high that instructions were issued to do nothing more than what was alisolut(4.v necessary during the year, hoping that there would be a decrease in costs in the near future, when the work could all be done at much less expense. Some of the projects required the entire appropi-iation, while on others considerable saving was effected, although work will have to be performed later, but it is expected at a less unit expense. It viil be n )ted ti pt in district No. 1 little of the Round Valley was expended. This resulted from several causes. Men and material were not available and to have obtained them would have resulted in spending the money without adequate results. The same condition existed in district No. 4, on Big Pine. Here alone .$3..500 was unexpended. It was a well-drilling proposition and the oil development was at such a .stage in California that it was impossible to obtain drillers except at an enormous expense. The investigations of new projects was dispensed with, thereby .saving ^10.000 on this appropriation. It will be noted that as a whole about 19 per cent of the total appropriation of last year was unexpended. This seems to be to the credit of the field men rather than a cause for censure. They simply responded to the general plan of making expenditures just as low as it was possible and still keep the plants In operation and doing such things as would prevent waste. You will observe that the Indian Bureau was doing everything possible to save the Government money during this high construc- tion cost era. We thought that prices were coming down, and that we should defer this construction until such time as prices got more nearly normal. Xow that the conditions are getting more nearly normal we should begin this work again. We would not like to be penalized by having the appropriation cut down because we exer- cised good business judgment in trying to save the Government and the Indians money, because the Indians must ultimately reimburse the Government for the amount of money expended. ]\Ir. Elston. I understand. ]SIr. Meritt. that at the commencement of the present fiscal year, in July. 1920, there was an unexpended balance of $105,143.25. supplementing the amount appropriated for that vear. which amounted to $253,750. making a total of $358,- 893.25? Mr. ]Meritt. Yes. sir. ^Ir. Elstox. That is what you began with in the present fiscal year and what you are expending now in your current operations; is that right ? ]Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. ]Mr. Elstox. How far will you use up during the present fiscal year, which will end on June 30, 1921, that total amount of $358.- 893.25? Mr. Meritt. We will save some of it for emergencies, but we will use up a large part of that unexpended balance. Mr. Elstox. Have you made any estimate showing about how much you are going to use of it, and what unexpended balance you will have on hand at the end of this fiscal year? Mr. Meritt. We will save probably 15 per cent. We ought to have a small balance for emergencies such as washouts and the breaking of dams, and we would like to have a balance of at least $50,000 out of this appropriation available at the end of the fiscal year to meet emergencies. 24 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Elstox. IIus there been a carrv over of as large an amount as $1()0.()()0 for several years last |)a>t. indicatinfr that there has been that excess of api)r(Ji)riation? Mr. Mkiutt. There have been unexpended balances of anywhere from $Tr),()()() to $ir)0.0()0. Mr. Elston. Does that not indicate, then, Mr. Meritt. that there is really an excess of approjuiation in about that averaracti(ally all the Western States from Canada to Mexico, and from the one hundredth meridian to the Pacific Ocean. Mr. Dk.mi'skv. A\'iiat Ikwc (he avei'age expenditui-es been for the last i\vo years ^ Mr. Ki:i:i). 1 would say around $225,000. .Mr. Dr.Mi'sr.v. \)\d this work is almost entirely nuiintenance and repair work f .Mr. Ki;i i>. .Viid extensions, as the Indians progre.ss in this develop- ment. \\'v do Mot iii(erid (n build a |)i-ojec( beyond the innneiliate needs, becau.se (he ,sys(eni of di(<'hes. ga(es. etc., will deteriorate alruost as rapidly withoiK ii.se ns i( will wi(h use, und so we iiuild up to their needs or jus( a little beyond, and (hen, as they approach (hat, we reach out again and extend a camd or perform some other work of (ha( kind. So (Imt (hese |)i-ojec(s are progressive until i-ompleted and (lie hind is irrigated. Mr. Dkmi'si'.v. Until (he dis(rict has beeu irrigated^ .Mr. Ivi:ii». I ntil thedis(ric( has been iriiga(ed; yes, sir. Mr. Ki.sTd.N. The piojects ap|»ropria(ed for UM(fer (his headmir do no( coiiipri.se (he hirgei- projei (s, toucerniiig wliicji there has l)een a grea( deal of controversy { INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 25 Mr. Reed. We have been developino; the small projects mostly amono; the Indians without any other resources. Mr. Elstox. Will you say that most of these projects in tliis list are distinctly Indian projects rather than mixed projects, where the whites predominate ? Mr. Eeed. Yes; I do not believe that any of these projects have any people on them except straight Indians. Mr. Elstox. I would like to have you consider that and empiiasize is as to all of these items under this heading, as that will clarify the situation somewhat for the committee and will ease our labors con- siderably. Mr. AIeritt. These are strictly Indian projects. Mr. Reed. Many of them are not allotted yet; the lands we are serving are not allotted. Mr. Elstox. So that you say, as a general proposition, that none of the projects under this heading comprise what may be called white- man projects? Mr. Reed. Xo ; not by any means. Thej^ are all Indian projects. Mr. Hastings. I understand that he savs now that none of these projects are white-man projects; they are all Indian projects. Mr. Reed. These smaller ones under this heading. Mr. Dempset. Whom do these projects belong to ? Mr. Meeitt. They belong to the Indians. Mr. Dempset. The title to irrigation project is in the tribe for whose benefit the improvement is made? Mr. ^Ieritt. The land that will be irrigated. Mr. Dempset. Is their land? Mr. Meritt. It is their land; yes, sir. Mr. Dempsey. And the title remains with the land on which the project is constructed ? Mr. ^Ieritt. Yes, sir ; but the Government will have a lien on the land for reimbursement of the appropriations advanced. reimbursements. « (Seei»iJ. 21, 28.) Mr. Elston. How far are you going in the way of taking absolute note of this reimbursable feature with regard to these irrigation items of appropriation and making plans to get back the money ? Mr. ^.Ieritt. Under the item carried in the last Indian appropria- tion act. which directed that efforts be made to have moneys hereto- fore advanced for irrigation purposes reimbursed. Ave have sent direc- tions to the superintendents to have the Indians not only pay the maintenance and operation charges but to begin reimbursement wher- ever they had any funds that were available for that purpose. Mr. Elston. That direction would cover all of the items under the present heading? Mr. Meritt. That covers all of the Indian irrigation projects in the United State?. Mr. Elston. Of any kind? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Elston. And includes all of these we are now considering? Mr. ^Ieritt. Yes, sir. • 26 INDIAN APPROPniATION BILL, 1022. Mr. Elston. Has this new coui-se jrone forward far enoiij;h for you to note any improvement in the matter of collections? Mr. Mi:i{iTT. It was recently put in operation, and, of course, our collections are small up to date. We have had many stroiitz; protests against collectinrKi!rrr. Ves, sir. Mr. Hastings. And it is unecessary, of course, to reenact it? Mr. -Mkkitt. Yes, sir. Mr. Ha.stino.s. I notice that the estimates for this year, the afr^ie- . pate of the estimates for these various items, is ^l.sn.GlX). and T notice ■ a little footnote, "Exclusive of $2(J.<)()() from tribal fund-." From ^ what tribal funds does the $26,000 come? Mr. Mi-.iuTT. The Colville Reservati(m, Wash.. $6,(MX). and the i Southern Tte Kcservation. Colo.. $'J(),00(). makinfr a total of >;-JG,0(R). j In answer to your previous qiiestiim, Mr. IIastine said to be sonu'tiiintest like most white men do. saying that he has had it heretofore that way and does nol see why he should not have it forever more. In one particidar case where we are doing work on the Navajo Reservation, perhaps where tiiey nee(l help as much as anvwliere. in tlie last year and especially this fall we have had hundreds of ilollars worth of labor donated. We carry an account of it, although it does not enter into tin* books of this oflice. except as a record. It does not go into the aiccountiiig system, but we have got a recoid showing where they have vobinteeicil, afti-r the matter was exphiiued to them, to do hundreils of dollars worth (d' work on little })rojects, and many of them t<» show (heii- good will <'ome to us with this pi-oposition : " We can not li\e without something to feed our horses on and to buy our own food, but we will work two days for nothing, and then we will work one day and you will pay us." That is just enough to buy their- necessary supplies. \\v have \eiv many instances of that to-duy. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 29 WALKER RIVER PROJECT. Mr. Elston. What is the Walker River Reservation work? Mr. Reed. That is a small dam and distribution system in Nevada, one of the driest sections of our arid West. It is really a place where there is insufficient water. Those Indians are not adequately sup- plied with water. There should be a system of storajje there whereby the flood waters could be impounded and used when needed, but that does not exist now and we are only enabled to use such water as comes from the flow of the stream. Mr. Elston. Are there any permanent employees stationed right on that work that eat up a part of this appropriation, or is most of it used in emergency construction work for the dams each year? Mr. Reed. There is one man whose headquarters are at Walker River, but his duties are over the State of Nevada, and his expenses are distributed over the various projects upon which he performs any labor or duties. Mr. Elstox. Is this item of $8,000 for the AValker River Reserva- tion made up of estimated items that you could furnish here as an illustration of how you make up the amounts to ask for on each of these i^rojects? Mr. Reed. Yes, sir. Mr. Elstox. Will you put in a typical illustration, showing how you arrived at the amount asked for in these various little estimates under this heading ? Mr. Reed. I will be glad to do it. They are all worked out about on the same lines. Walker River: Form "B." Employees. Salaries: Engineer '. Foreman and carpenter '. Ditch rider 2 Wages . Total salaries. Total wages. . Stream gauging Transportation of material and supplies . Telegraph Gasoline and oil Motor-truck supplies and repairs Fuel and light Travel expense Equipment Material and supplies Salt Lake office Grand total . Rate per annum, I.e. included. $2,040. $1,920 to Mar. 1; $2,040 to date. $1,320 Esti- mated, 1922. $1,400.00 1,040.00 2, 100. 00 2, 440. 00 Ex- pended, 1920. $1,201.34 909.34 2, 592. 88 2,110.68 2,100.00 2,592.68 500.00 250.00 25.00 125.00 300.00 150.00 150.00 900.00 600.00 150.00 348.68 10.00 136.00 160.00 90.00 60.00 1,028.00 1,370.00 21.00 7,690.00 3,223.68 Nimiber. 1: Time divided be- tween projects. Do. 1: Full time Pyra- mid Lake. 1 Engineer and foreman were absent Oct. 1 to Nov. 6, inclusive, on construction work at Owyhee. Fore- man was absent on leave without pay Dec. 24 to Feb. 11, inclusive, and Feb. 20-29, inclusive. ' Ditch rider for Walker River hired by day as needed. Cost included in item of wages. Mr. Elstox. As compared with last year, these amounts asked for under irrigation district No. 2 are less, are they not — $2,000 less? 30 INDIAN APPROPIMATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Rekd. Yes; I helieve so. Mr. Elston. Does that mean that you have finished some work, and the recjiiircnieiits of that iiri^nition district are less^ Mr. Kkm). It nu-ans that sonu' of tiie items for which we estimated last year arc ((tnipletcd and do not re(juire estimates this year. Mr. Ei.sToN. For irri«ration district Xo. 3 I see you are asking for the siinic iinioimt as you asked for hist year, and the connnittee hist vcar. I notice, y:ave vou jiust the amount you asked for in hoth the.se districts. Mr. Mfkiit. This is for operation and maintenance. Tiiat project lias heen constructed for some little time. Mr. Ei.sToN. In tlistiict No. 4 you are askinjr for about $'2,000 more than you asked for last year. The committee last year pive you just what you put in your estinnites. I see. Have you any seg- re^fation showinjf ahout how much of this amount of $4li,40O appro- piiated hist year has been used in this irri«i:ation district? Mr. Ki:i:i). We have those records. I do not say that they are in hei-e, but that is the district in which tlie Bifj Pine was eliminated, on account of the (lifli per cent of the funds have been used, and there lias been no call for an emerjrency use of the other 10 per cent, then he is given that 10 i)er cent under another authority, and can expend up to that amount and no more. •Mr. Flsi-(».\. Is there a gt'ueral provision of law that, after you have met the re(|uirements of the.se several items or several projects, you may ivgai-d the surplus as a general fuiul for emergency uses on any i)roject ( Ml-. Ki:i:i). Not beyond 10 per cent. Ml-. Fi,.sToN. That is a |)rovision of law? Mr. Ivri.i). That is a pro\ision of law. Mr. I)i;.Mi'si:v. In other words, you tan not enforce your reim- iiursabh" feature at all unless y*>n »l<> 1«'«'P your ac<'ounts distinct all the time? Mr. lii i-.i>. .No. \\'eha\-ean a<-(-ount with vwvy project upt)n which we pei-form any work. Mv. TiNKiiA.M. Items of this charactiM- aie somewhat novel to me. Will you t«'ll nu' what wi- nre discussing now — district '.\ or 4? Mr." Iii:i:i). Di^^trict 4. Mr. Ti.\Kii\M. \\'\i.\\ me the e.xait items ol' expenditure? IXDIAX APPEOPRIATIvOX BILL, 1922. 31 Mr. Elstox. We were discnssino: 3. passing to 4. Mr, TiXKHAM. Either 3 or 4, I do not care which he identifies. Tell me what this expense is, Mr. Reed. Take Sluncopa. for instance. That is a pumping project from aycUs. It is located in the desert of Arizona, where there is no surface water Avhatever; but lying beneath the surface in thSt particular section, from 100 to 140 feet, depending npon 4:he particular location, is a water-bearing gravel, and Ave have three wells and pumping plants erected over those. Xow, the expense is for the oil and gas, and, of course, the necessary expense of a man to operate the pumps. Then the water is pumped into ditches and distributed. That is done on this particular reservation bj' the Indian farmers. However, there is at the end of the season or the beginning of the next season, as the weather may dictate, some sliirht repairs — weeds that are blown into the ditches, or perhaps a ditch has been broken. Those have to be gone over. That is really mainte- nance, and the other is operation. That is the way the funds are expended. Mr, Tix'KHAM. More than 50 per cent is labor in this particular one, Mr. Eeed. Xo ; I should say not. Probably 50 per cent is used ir repairs to machinery — slight repairs — oil. and gas, Mr, TixKHAM. It is operated by gas? Mr. Reed, Yes ; those are operated by gas, OWENS ERTER VALLEY PROJECT. CALIF. Mr. Elstox. How about this Owens Valley project in California, $2,000 ? Are there Indians out in the Owens River Valley ? Mr. Reed. Yes. sir. Mr. Elstox. How many? Mr. Reed. I can not tell you, but that is an area of over To miles in length. Mr. Elstox. Is this item of $2,000 here to irrigate lands owned by those Indians ? Mr. Reed. Entirely so ; and allotted to them. Mr. Elstox. And on which they are living? Mr. Reed. Yes. That fund would not be used, not one penny of it, for a white man's land. ^Ir. Elstox. I notice in your justification that 5'ou speak of irri- gated lands occupied by whites adjoining this. Mr. Reed. Yes. It is not a reservation in the sense of many of them. There are little tracts of land, small tracts from 100 to 300 acres, and they will be surrounded completely by white men, and it is a continuous trouble to keep the white men from getting the water. Mr. Dempset. AThich one is that? Ml'. Reed. In Owens River Valley, in California. Mr, Hastix'^gs. These water rights are being preserved for these Indians ? Mr. Reed. TVe last year had one case settled for us by the Depart- ment of Justice, out of court, dealing with the city of Los Angeles. AVe have some conflicting claims there, and there are some one or two instances of small proportions that are not settled yet, but the Depart- ment of Justice is handling it for us, and will preserve them. 32 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Dempsey. The lands which are irrigated belong to white men and not to Indians, is that it? Mr. Rkf.i). No: the water which the Indian is using belongs to the white man. That is the claim. There is no dispute over the land.-, but that does not mean value out there. .It is the water that has the value. MISCELI^NEOUS PROJECTS. Mr. Elston. Mr. Reed, }t)U have an item in here under Irrigation District 4 of $12,000 for miscellaneous projects, $15,000 hist year for the same item, and your justification speaks of this amount as needed 1 for investigation in order to ascertain where water can be (ieveloj)ed • and to protect against the encroachments of white water users on ^ waters of the Indians. Now, was not the $15,000 that was given to j you last year sufficient for that kind of reconnaisance wo'k in the State of California? Mr. Keed. There was a great deal of that reconnaisance work done last year. We had two or three cases to be investigated by the De- partment of Justice .which is protecting the Indians' rights, and we made considerable extensive investigations where Indians were about to lose their property through encroachment of whites on their water , rights and in some instances we are defending both water and land, j Mr. Elstox. We have a waterway commission in California — I happen to come from California — and its proceedings are so simple | that a mere letter in the way of complaint would be taken notice of, j and I believe that commission is so constituted that it will protect j the rights of an Indian as well as a white. I have never heard any com])laint against any i)reference exercised by it, and I rather question tiie necessity for this $12,000 item if you have alreaily iuul $15,000 for the same purpose in California. Mr. Keed. T.hat is not entirely for water rights. That is for the investigation of new projects. For instance, for some years there has been a purchase of lands for the hmdless Indians. Sometimes those purchases have been made l)efore we investigated it, and it is found that there is no water for them, and they have purchased something of very littU' vahie. However, at the present time i)efore a purchase is made in an arid section we send in an engineer to make a thorough investigation and determine whether that land would hav«' any value after it was purcha.sed on account of water suuply. Mr. Elstox. Well, now, you are speakiny of purchases that would be made other a|)pi<>priations made by Congress for the homeless Indians of California '{ Mr. Keeu. Yes. Mr. Ei.srox. And in administering that funtl you have to seek laii^1.000. What is the reason for that? Mr. Reed. We were a little short there this year. That operates two large projects — the Uintah, in Utah, and the Fort Hall, in Idaho — and we found that we were a little bit cramped in order to . handle those projects. I Mr. Elstox. What was the particular item that re(|uired the ' increase? Mr. Reed. One of the large items that came in this time on us ; there was the necessity for making surveys for proof. Some yeai*s | ago the Congress jiassed a law making it necessary for us to make j pi-oofs on Uintah under the State statute. Their statute laws re- \ quire that when we make proof we have to submit a map of the | entire district showing every acre that is irrigated and showing all the canal system and the lateral system, and that |)uts upon us an i exti'a burden. I .Mr. Elsto.n. Is that a continuing work, or something that when done i> liuislnMl t •Mr. Ki:ed. That will l)e done next yi'ar. Mr. Elstc.v. So that if \ou liaxc tlii' atlditioiial amount you asked for this year it will not be recjuiied next year? Mr. Heed. No. Mr. Elst<»n. \\'as there a deliciency in (his anioiiiu la>t year? Mr. Reed. .No. Mr. Elstox. Hut you worked under a narrow margin? Mr. Keed. Wo just simply contrasted: that is all. .Mr. ELsT(tN. ^ oil feel that this iiici'ease is absoluteh in(e>sar\ ? .Ml. Ki;i;i.. V.'v. .Mr. Elston. Now. theie is a slight increa.se in district :\ of $1,000. Wliiil is the ii'<|uirement there? INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 3t » Mr. Reed. Very much the same reason, only on different projects. That is, Ave will have to increase our force there a little on account of having to make the collections. For instance, we are now under- takinjr to open up accounts with every indiA' idual in the whole dis- trict, for both maintenance and operation and construction, and it is goino; to necessitate another man in the office to handle that part of it. Mr, Elston. I'ou think the employment of that man, or the re- sults of his employment, will justify this additional expenditure? Mr. Reed. We certainly do, and Ave believe that Ave are practically directed to do it by the last act of Congress. Mr. Dempsey. You could not take care of an additional office man for $1,000. You certainly would not have anything to spread over any other item. Mr. Reed. No, Ave would not; and we could not employ a man specially for that and get him for a thousand dollars. We can fill in sometimes our regular force with special employees and get by. Mr. Elston. Now, we pass from district No. 5. There is nothing further there. You haA^e that item the same as last year ? Mr. Reed. Yes, COOPERATIA'E STREAM GAUGING. Mr. Elston. Now, for cooperatiA^e stream gauging Avith the United States Geological SurA^ey, you ask this year for $2,000 as against A^our estimate for last A^ear of $4,000. The last Congress gave a'ou $2,000? Mr. Reed. Yes. Mr. Elston. Do you think that item is necessary at all? Mr. Reed. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Except for theoretical purposes? Mr. Reed. Yes : for protection of our own Avater rights. Of course, we feel that with the equipment that the Geological SurA'ey has — they had their own forces in these districts, spread all OA^er — that they can get more for that money than we could get b}^ our exertions, putting in our own gauging readers, and men that would be neces- sary to obtain this information. This is not for scientific purposes, but in some instances it is to determine the availability of Avater that we will probably require, and in order to have the data avail- able in order to protect ourseh^es against encroachments of other interests. Mr. Elston. I notice that you commenced this work only in 1919. Mr. Meritt. No, sir; we just furnished that information back to 1919. Mr. Elston. This work has been going on for some years? Mr. Reed. Yes. Mr. Elston. tt is a continuing matter, do you think? Mr. Reed. Where Ave thought we had secured sufficient information on some streams, Ave have eliminated it this year. That is the reason Ave haA^e cut it doAvn to $2,000. There is a part of it that should be continued by somebody, either by the Geological Survey, or we would have to determine it ourseh'es. 38 IMHA.N .M'l'KDl'KIATION BILL. U)22. FOR SURVEYS To DKTKRMINK COST OF NEW PROJECTS AND POWER AND RESERVOIR SITES. Mr. Elston. I>()c.s tlint inerL'o somewhat with the next item on pjif^e 7, where you have asked for an api)ropriation of $2,000 for surveys and in vest ijrat ions to (h»terniine the feasibilitv and cost of new ]>i-ojer(> in |)ower and reservoir sites ^ Mr. Kkki». W\- are fre(|iiently called upon — I mile to ap|)roi)riate for it l)ecause we did not know of it. and we have askecl that fund in order to be prepared to meet that emertifency. Mr. Elstox. It is nearly 4 o'clock, and inasmuch as there is a call of the IIou.se at this moment. I think we mi^ht as well adjourn and try to meet to-morrow morninp: as early as possible and get along a little faster. Ti ESDAY. December 10. 19*20. ^fr. Elstox. Xf)w. Mr. Heed, do you respond to chance inqiiiiies by Indians or by C-ongressmen or other officials and act on >uch re(|uests and di-aw on this fr.nd for investigations of such infoi-mal demands^ Mr. Keeu. ()nly when they seem to have some merit in them. Erefjuently they may call attention to the fact that such things seem to exist, such conditions seem to exist on certain reservations, and they would desire some infoiiuation. and if we are aide we usually respond to those requests. Mr. Elstox. Do you get those leipiests fre(|iu'ntly ^ Mr. Keei). A\'ell. I would not say freiiueiitly, but occasionally. A number of them will probably be made every year. Mr. Ei.sTox. If such re(|uests do not conu'. or you do not acl upon tlu'Ui. would you naturally taiie any cognizance of any new needs in the due cour.se of your work under other appropriation items ^ Mr. I?EEi). We would take cognizance of anything that came to us that seemed to hav«' merit in it, and many of these re(|uests that are made would ultimately be jeaclu'd i>y us in our iin estigations. Mr. El.st«)X, Do you resi)ond to such re<|uests merely out of what you deem to be courtesy and the poltical auuMiities, or do you make selection of such requests'? Mr. Kr.i.i). I'suallv our action is ba.se»l ou the «rood of the Indians and their j)roiHM-ty. SOITHERX ITE RESEItVATIoN. Ml-. Elhtox. In Irrigation District No. 1. in the Southern Ute ]{eser\ ation. you ask for an appro|>riation «)f $20,000, which is $12,<)0() iiicri'iis,. ((\rr \\h;it v<»ii :isl|)ro])riations are for lump sums, and we are per- mitted to u.se a wi.se discretion in paying salaries to employees and also in creating new positions or abolishing |M)sitions that are not needed. Mr. Ei-sT<»N. This is a <'aso of an increase in salarv to the t'xtent of $r)(K) a vearf Mr. Meuitt. Yes, sir. Mr. Ei.sToN. Does it involve the (lro|)ping of one position as ap- pears here in this table? Mr. .MK.itirr. No, sir: it does not involve the dropping of a position. .Mr. E1.HT0N. Now, farther down in this same talde api)ears to be IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 41 the creation of two new positions, one at $1,500 in the person of a clerk and one at $1,440 in the person of a clerk. And farther on down there appear to be some other clerkships added, with one or two dropped out, one timekeeper, and one clerk. Is this in pursuance of your policy of rearranging according to your needs your personnel ? Mr. Merttt. Yes, sir. Mr. Ei.STON. There will be a net addition then of two or three clerks under this head ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Well, the total appears to be an increase of 5 places, 63 estimated for in 1922 as against 58 expended for in 1920. Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. During the war a large number of our posi- tions were not filled, and we closed down our construction work very largely. Now, that conditions are getting normal we are filling the places and will do the usual amount of M^ork. Mr. Elston. Does this increase of five extra positions mean the reestablishment of positions that you have dropped during the war, but which you had in the service prior to that ? IVfr. Meritt. We will not exceed the number of positions that we had in normal times. Mr. Dempsey. By normal times you mean the period preceding the war. Mr. MfeRiTT. Yes, sir. Mr. Elstox. Mr. Meritt, I think you realize that the policy of the Committee on Indian Affairs has been to decrease the activity of the Government projects which do not in large part concern the Indians, but which are for the benefit of white purchasers or settlers under leases. In view of the application of that policy, do you not think the activities of the bureau under this heading will decrease rather than increase in the future? Mr. Meritt. I think there will be no increase. These projects that you are referring to now are 95 per cent purely Indian projects, and it is not our intention to increase the work. It will be largely main- taining the projects that we already have constructed. Mr. Elstox. So that this increase of positions pertains to a great number of small projects mentioned under this head which we are now considering, and which are nearly altogether concerned with Indian lands? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elstox. For lands which are populated very little by whites? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr Elstox. So far as this heading is concerned, you do not look for anv diminishing of activities? Mr. Meritt. No material diminishing. You will notice, Mr. Chair- man, that on page 7 we have reduced the amount of the appropria- tion for investigating new projects. A year ago I directed that the estimates be cut on that item, because we are not lookinsr for an oppor- tunity to start new projects in the Indian Service, and the new proj- ects that we will start Avill be small projects solely for the benefit of the Indians. I am entirely in sympathy with the attitude of the com- mittee that we should not start any big projects which are largely for the benefit of the whites. If any projects are going to be started 42 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1^22. by Congress alonor that line, we want that work done by the Reclama- tion Service rather than by the Indian Bureau. REGULATIONS FOR REIMBURSEMENT OF IRRIGATION CHARGES. Mr. Elston. Xow, Mr. Meritt. T notice on paiir V.V1\ ( I'ulilic 141. pp. '_' ami 3) j provlde.s tliat llie Secretary of the Interior phall require the owners of irrii.'ahle I limd under any Irrlpitlon sy.artial iciinliiMscnuMit of llu- cunstriKilun < liai".i.'rs. whfiv rt'inii>ursf- nicnl is HMpiin-d liy law. at siicii iinu>s aiitl in sui-li ainmints as lie may deem best, and that no reimhursahlf nutneys appropriated in liie said act shall be used for any purpose other than operation and maintenance unless tiie Secre- tary f»f the Interior has im^cribed rules and reirulafions for the i»ayment of sueli ciuirpi's. Ill pnrsnaiK-e of tliis provision of Congress tlie Secretary, «»n •luiie '_M, jtromulrrated reL'ulalions retiMirini; tliat eacli owner of irriiiidile land imder an irri;.'alion system eonslrueted for llie heiietit of Indians under pro- vision.s of law riMpiirinu reimhursemenl of the cost of sti«-h .system and to whirh land water for irrigation purposes vnw Ite delivered from such system shall pay, on or before November l."i, I'.t'JO, a sum etpuil to ."» per rent of the I»er acH' eost, as of .lime .'lo. IJCJO, of tlie conslnielinn of tlie system under wlileh such land is situated. .\ copy nls will remit the money .so eolhvttNl to the proJe<'t dIsburHinK anent, wllli a statement as to (lie name of the allottee from whom colltnied and the land to which ii aiiplles. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1!)22. 43 You slionUl arrange for the publication tlirouKliout your resorvatiou of tlit^ aforesaid regulations, in order tliat all persons may be duly advised of what will he expected of them. As soon as tlie tisures are available you will he advised of the per acre cost of the proiect on vour resei-vation, as of June 30, 1920. Sincerely, youi-s, Cato Sells, Coiiiimissioner. REGULATIONS GOVERNING PAHTIAL PAYMENT OF CONSTRUCTION CHARGES ON INDIAN IRRIGATION PROJECTS. Whereas the act of February 14, 1920 (Public. No. 141), provides that — "The Secretary of the Interior is hereby authorized and directed to require the owners of irritable land under any irrigation system heretofore or here- after constructed for the benefit of Indians and to which water for irrigation purposes can be delivered to begin partial reimbursement of the construction ■charges, where reimbursement is required by law, at such times and in such amounts as he may deem best; all payments hereunder to be credited on a per acre basis in favor of the land in behalf of which such payments have been made and to be deducted from the total per acre charge assessable against said land." Now, therefore, it is hereby required that each owner of iri-igabie land under an irrigation system constructed for the benefit of Indians under provisions of law requiring reimbursement of the cost of such system and to which land water for irrigaticm purposes can be delivered from such system shall pay, on or before November 1.5. 1920, a sum equal to 5 per cent of the per acre cost, as of June 30, 1920, of the construction of the system under which sucli land is situated. The per acre cost of a given system as of .Tune 30, 1920, shall be deternnned by dividing the total amount expended for construction purposes on such system up to that date by the total area of land to which water for irrigation purposes can be delivered on that date ; and on Novem- ber 15 of each year following the year 1920, until further notice, the land o\yners. as herein described, shall pa.v 5 per cent of the per acre construction cost as of June 30 of the current year, such per acre cost to be determined by dividing the cost of the system to June 30 of that .vear by the total area of land to which water for irrigation purposes can be delivered from the system on that date, provided that no payments shall be required under these regulations in behalf of lands still in process of allotment or prior to the issuance of the first or trust patent therefor, nor for lands reserved for school, agency, or other administrative purposes where the legal title still remains in the United States; provided further, that these regulations shall not ap- ply to lands under the Wapato project on the Yakima Indian Reservation, Wash., nor to the irrigation projects on the BlacktVet, Flathead, Fort Pack and Crow Reservations, Mont., for which special regulations will be provided, nor to the lands still in Indian ownership on the Fort Hall Reservation. Idaho, said lands being expressly exempt from such charges as long as held by the Indians. Payments hereunder shall be made to the disbursing officer for the supervising engineer of the Indian irrigation service having jurisdiction over the irrigation system under which the land for which payment is made may lie. The sums so collected shall be deposited in the Treasury of the United States ot the credit of the respective funds used in constructing the irrigation systems toward which reimbursements shall have been made. The word " o^^^ler " as used herein shall be construed to include any person. Indian or white, or any firm, partnership, corporation, association, or other organization to whom title to the land capable of irrigation, as provided in the aforesaid act, has passed, either by fee or trust patent, or otherwise. E. B. Meritt. AfisistfDtt Commissioner. Approved. June 21, 1920. S. G. Hopkins. Assistant Secretary. SUPPRESSING LIQUOR TRAFFIC. Mr. Elston. We will go now to page 10, under the head " Sup- pressing liquor traffic." For the suopression of the traffic in intoxicating liquors among Indians, $65,000. 44 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. This is a nfratuity appropriation, and I see that your estimate for the coming fiscal veai- is $65,000, whereas your estimate last year Avas $85,000. The "last Congress appropriated $65,000 for this 'pur- pose. What is your justification for asking the same amount in- stead of a decreasing amount, in view of the fact that prohibition laws are now on the books? Ml-. Mkkitt. We offer for the record the following justification: fiuppressinn liquor traffic among Indianx. FIroiI year emiintr June 30. 1921 : AiiKHiiit MiMirnpriated $65,000. 00 Fiscal yenr »Mi(le(l .hiiie 30. 1920: Aiiiount appropriated 100. 000. 0(i Anuiunr expen(ie Analysis of expenditures : • I Salaries, wages, etc 40,740.17 f Travelluj; expenses 40.232.92 i Transportation of supplies 101. 50 i Teleirraph and telephone service 93. f)S Stationery TO. 14 Subsistence supplies 40. (M1 l>iuiiinient and miscellaneous- material rv59. Oti •■ .Miscellaneous tvi. 01 | Outstanding liahilities 3,590.84 ! Total 91,571.22 5 The jiurpose of this apjiropriation is to iirevent the sale ami trallic of in- | toxicants to Indians of the I'nited States during the liscal year 1922. Con- gre.ss has considered it wise from time to time to enact legislation t<> jirotect the Indians from the nefarious trafhc of intoxicants. 'IMie amount of tlie appropriation asked for is the sa.nie as was approi)riatc(l for the fiscal year 1921 and .S:'..",(MK) less than that antlmrizeil for 1920. That reduction was made in view of the adoption ot national prohibition. While national prohibition has been a great help in suppressing the iiiiuor tratlic among tlie Indians, the enforcement thereof is still in its infancy, and it will be necessary to continue the liquor suppression force of this bureau, as the suppression of licpior tratlic among Indiai-s and in Indian (oMiitry iias s ime phases and problems which an- very difl'erent from i)roblems of the enforce- ment of the general prohibition law. The present activity of the class of Iteo|)le who endeavor to carry on the unlawful and nefarious traflic, require the continuation of a fctrce of men to combat the evil, which is even more serious in coiniection with Indians than with the white race. The Indian field service is a large territory ai\d the work of the suppression olliiers is no small task. This work among the Indians is often so clos«'ly relate«l to administrative jirohlems and action and ofti'ii based on special laws and treaties a])plicable to certain Indians that it can not well be segregated from oiu" genenil administration over lhe. .service, which would l»e en- tirely lost sight of if this work wi-re handliHl by s allowed for the tlscal year 1922, in view of tlie large territory lovered by our st>rvice. iteports indicate that in c«'rtain sections of the country the trallic Is being (•allied on lo as large an extent .is heretolore. This is espts-ially true ni the border Sfates and in those sections where by reason «d' the foreign element there Is not the cooperation necessary to make these undertakings entirely suc- cessfid, (Jrealer vigilance and activity are lun-essary in view of the methods « inployed by those engagetl in the trallic in intoxicants and the apparently larger number engaged in this business. Stills, el<-., are in operation in certain Mertions of the Indian country and local conco<-lions are made at many ])laees. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1»22. 45 The isolation and seclusion of some of the reservations afford a field for lliis activity, and the methods employed and ease with which the equipment is transported make the work more difficult and the situation harder to deal with. In 1918, prior to national prohibition, and with an appropriation of $150,000, there were instituted 2,100 new cases. For the fiscal year 1920, with national prohibition and on an appropriation of $100,000, there were taken up 1,125 new cases. The fines assessed plus the sum actually received by the Federal (courts from the sale of automobiles seize •;: T '- r^ r^ Si g"-- ioiio us" em :8 tr CJ r^ n ^ tC C ^1 : ici- ^r C- ^ oc oc I-* • re C'l «c c ^ '^ CI CI tc "T |S||"S g^S •s r B •o c eB -^ c^ c^ cc c r« c*f -- re fc" s =8t — r:c C5 C4 t* OC ■OC ^CC — CC*'t*0» s C cc a:9c4oo>cS'« ^CCC^CCPCtCOCtO CC PC tcoc c (c K r- T I* c- 1* tc tN •-• '5S§,-£5g5SC:S ^ -^ c4 cT ^' w* — ' — * ^* ^' ^ :„„ ::=^-S'«S' S a* -CCrt"- 8b R »- te >r jO 05 M t» p- Ok Q ^^ Ok tf?

M>a c » « »^ « Xi "T c^ ei ^ g l^"2-2 ^1 cutfci«usas>'.y.y.z/.y.ccu:eH^ INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. ^7 s c CO ^00 TT rHo-H C^ CC CC ^^^ •^ • o (S CO a as & •CI a) c' a a) C3 0) 0.5 •y. 3 c ; ; S C be o C 03 c c a> a CO X. . a 2 "^ "^^^ a « ^ 05 03— - » C-S ^ Co "^ c: r^ C^ '/- v. a) (D o •O-aiS 12 3_3 48 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Elstox. I note that you ivdiKevl your force from '23 under the 1920 ai)i)ropriation act to 10 under your estimate for the rtscal year he|;jinnin«( next July. Mr. MKiurr. Yes, sir; because of tlie reduced appropriation we Mill necessarily have to reduce the force. Mr. Elstkn! ^()U .^peak of a^nundier of [jrosecutions and fines ob- tained by convictions. Were the arrests in those cases made by the enforcinjr oflicer employed under this appropriation: or were they made l)V the deputy maishals under the employ of the Departmeni of Ju-tice i Ml-. Mkiutt. They were made by both, but as a result of the work of the lifjuor-suppression officers under this appropriation. Mr. Ei.sTON. You mean to say that you credit the total amount of these fines to the initial activities of the officers of the Indian Bureau ( Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Although the actual arrests and the prosecutions may have been handled under other jurisdictions by other officers? Mr. Meritt. The prosecutions, of course, were under the Depart- ment of Justice, Init we cooperate very closely with the Department of Justice in tiiese prosecutions. •Mr. Elston. Congress has .made a very large appropriation for the enforcement of the Volstead Act, and I assume that the adminis- trative officers have laid very broad lines for the enforcement of the act covering the whole of the country. Have you any arrangement that the department enforcing the Volstead Act shall not intruil* upon the Indian territory and that that territory shall be cared foi exclu.sivel)' by the Indian Bureau? Mr. Mkiutt. We cooj^erato with the enforcement officers of tht Treasury Department, but tliey claim that tiieir ai)propriation i- inade(iuate. Tiiey help us as much as they can. but we have to look aftei- tlie Indian country. Mr. Elston. Do you not think it would be better to have this en forecement officer take entire charge of the work now covered by your liureau, inasnuich as the stills you speak of probably manufac ture li(|Uoi- that goes outside the territory, and it wouhl be a ne .es sary part of the enfoi'cement of the \'olstoad Act to go to these illicit soui'ces in the Indian country? Ml-. Mi-.itiTT. ^^'e thiidi that it would be j)referable foi" the two .)i-gani/,ations to cooperate, bi'caus*' all of the Indian Service em- ployees are directed to use every eti'ort in their power to suppress haHic in li(|Uor with the Indians, and we not only use the i)eople eni- pIoye(I under this api)ropriation. but we use the regular Indian Ser\- ice employees foi- this work. Mr. Dr.Mi'SKv. Mi-. Meritt. I rt-t-ogni/e. as I was connected with the Department of .lust ice for a great many years, the very gn-at importance of accomplishing what you aim at under this itent. I'ul if you can give an illustration of this new theoi-y of combiniuir a|)|)i-opiialioiis. is not this a-> gooti an illii^tiation as vou can licating anything. The jiim of the Interior I)e|)artnuMit should be to go to the Committee on .Vppro- priaticms mikI |)i-esent their case in the ai)propi-iat ion for tlu* siijt- j)ressioM (A' the liciiior tiaHii- gein>ially so a> to have one appropria- tion ami »»iie aiithoritv centrali/,ed. so that thev would know th'.t IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, 49 one would be in control, and one agency would be in control. We would not have duplication of effort and waste of money the other way. Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir: to a certain extent tliat is true. But the Indian Service is a peculiar senice. We are handling people that have a peculiar nature in some respects, and you have got to knoAv the Indian before you can successfully work with him. Mr, Dempset. Let us assume that that is all true. As I say. 1 was connected with these cases for a good many years as a prosecut- ing officer. Would it not be better to have your suppression agent reemployed by the general agency for suppression, and grant you enough money to do it in that way so as to be sure that you do not duplicate your efforts and waste your money. I can not see any other way out of it, can you ? Mr. Elstox. I think it is absolutely apparent that in the prosecu- tion of the law bv other bureaus the Indian Bureau officials will gro down into the same territory and will make expense to the Govern- ment about the same territory that an Indian official might travel through in his enforcement work, but that if you are all directed from one head, although they would make selection of the right man. the man for Indian reservation service, it would obviate dupli- cation. I think it is a thing that ought to be done and it ought to be taken into consideration. Mr. Dempset. I am not minimizing the importance of this item. I realize that a great part of the crimes that are committed on res- ervations — I think you can safely say that it is 90 per cent — arise from liquor. I do not think there is any doubt about that at all. but all I am aiming at is to have it both effective and economical. I think you should be granted an appropriation, and I think the utmost care should be used in the selection of the agents for the Indian territory, and that the agents whom you have employed would probably be the agents that ought to be selected to continue the work. But I do think it should come not under your suppression, but under the suppression of this agency which does this work alone and has the expenditure of this money so that you will not have two fellows traveling the same path at the same time, really traveling a path through the forest. 30 feet apart, with the intervening trees shelter- ing them, and neither of them knowing that they are going to the same place to do the same thing. They might, in fact, hinder each other. Mr. Meritt. There is considerable force in the suggestion of you gentlemen, and I think in the bill for the reorganization of the de- partments of the Government there can be worked out consolidations, but until that bill is passed we want to have a reasonable appropria- tion for this work so that the Indians would not be left unprotected. Mr. Elstox. Let me ask you this. Mr. ^Nleritt : You have an appro- priation later on of something like $200,000 for Indian police. The employees are nearly all Indians in this service. Are they charged with the dutv of trving to take care of this suppression of the liquor traffic? Mr. Meritt. They take care of it to a certain extent. But that is not their primary duty. They see that law and order are maintained 26630—21 4 50 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1!>22, on the reservation, and tliev also perform a lot of other duties con- nected with the agency work. Mr. Ei^sToN. Now, so far as my superficial observation is concerned, in a recent trij) made over the lnt) ; Spokane Hospital, Washington. .$10,0;)0; Sac and Fox Sanatorium, Iowa, .$40,000. of which sum .$5,000 shall be inmiediately avail- able : Turtle Mountain Hosptal, North Dakota. .$10,000; Winnebago Hospital, Nebraska. §18.000; Crow Creek Hospital, South Dakota, .$8,000; Hoopa Valley Hospital, California, $10,000; .Ticarilla Ho.'-pital, New Mexico, $10,000; Truxton Canyon camp hospital, Arizona. .$10,000; Indian Oasis Hospital, Arizona, $10,000; Provided further, That not to exceed $50,000 of this appropriation may be used for medical and health work among the restricted Indians in the Five Civilized Tribes, including salaries of physicians, field matrons, and other employees, equipment, rent of quarters, medical and surgical suitiilies, and such other ex- penses as may be necessary, and not to exceed .$5,000 of this amount may be used for purchase of motcir-propelied and horse-drawn i)assenger-carrying ve- hicles for use of the physicians and other employees herein authorized. Mr. Meritt. "We offer for the record the following justification : RELIEVING UlSTKESS AND PREVENTION, ETC., OF DISEASE AMONG INDIANS. Fiscal year ending June 30. 1921 : Ann)unt appropriated .$3-50, 000. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 350, 000. 00 Amount expended 343, 546. 23 Unexpended balance 6. 453. 77 ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES. Salaries, wages, etc 1.83,929.67 Traveling expenses 16, 687. 21 Transportation of supplies .5,114.86 Telegraph and telephone service 385.66 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 345. OO Subsistence supplies 66, 542. 21 Dry goods, clothing, etc ■_ 11,983.32 Forage 8, 258. 67 Fuel, lubricants, power, and light service 17,191.80 Medical supplies, etc 10.116.82 Live stock 1, 335. 00 52 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Kciuiiinicnt nnd iiriscflhiiuMnis material $19, 126. 3'J Special medical, hospital, aud burial expense 7, ^0(5. 2'.t Repair of buildings 10,267.94 Kent of buildings _?1' ^i*/ Miscel!aneecial physicians for eye work, 6 traveling nurses, 7 dentists, 190 regular and contract physicians, and 60 regular and assistant ;iurses. Ont' hundred and sixty of these physicians and 55 nurses are paid from other appropriations. The salaries paid from this appropriation are: 1 chief medical .supervisor $3,000 1 medical supervisor 2, .">00 1 assistant medical supervisor 2, 200 1 physician 2, 000 2 special physicians, at $1.800 3,000 4 special iihysicians, at $1,600 6,400 7 dentists (traveling), at $1,500 10. .%00 1 nurse (traveling) 720 5 nurses (traveling), at $840 _" 4. r> physician physician pliysifian nurses, at $840 3,360 nurse 780 nurse.s. at $740. nurses, at $720. nurses, at $620. nurse nurse cooks, at $600_. cooks, at .$540- . cooks, at .'<.''i(M).. <-(>(.ks, at $480-. rook C(»ok8, Ht $()00 cu.«aiids of otlier ca.ses. Tliis same statem«>nt ajiplies also to thf disease traclioina. more tiian !t,(KK» ca.xes of wiiich were tre^ited diiring the yeui. The 19 hos|)itals supported from this fund till in a small measure (miy the need for institutional care of jtatients. The experience of their youn? men in the Army hospitals during the war seems to havo insi»ired in the Indians confidence in our hospitals for, especially in the Southwest, the demand for hosiiitalization of patients far exceeds the capacity of the hospitals. The sanatoria are devoted almost exclusively to the treatment of tuberculosis, wltile the hospitals are handling l>oiii me«lical and surirical cases, particularly tulteii-ulosis and traclioma. Till- medical oi-iraiiizatious at the hospitals, disnteniiiercd hy the war. are gfill Itclow their prewar standards. Neither physicians, d»*ntists. nor nurses are availaliie at present, and salaries must he increased to l0,0'_'er to t'lci" '•hy-;!.-;!] v.ell-beinv. even when they are not doing ward duty, on account of being so closely quartered to the patients, tlius miming the gantlet of becoming alilicteil with this dread disease, which they would not be Hable to contract were they segregated to an outdwelling. if such a building were erected and set aside expressly for their use as a iilace witliin which they could live. This is a sanatorium for the tuberculous, and emiiloyees ought not be comi>elled to live in such close proximity to its inmates. The sanatorium proper should be relieved of the requirement of actinir as an abofle for employees; a small outbuiIdii"-r '• ^tead, suitably equipi"M»d as a dwelling within which they could be comfortably housed, should be erected eith( r ad.iac(nt to or within very easy walking distance of the sanatorium. 'Ilie present electric-lighting pl;int will be inadequate if a new outdwelling for employees is erected, and should therefore be enlarged ; while the balance of the Sinn rerpiestt'd is for tlie purpo.se of clearing land to enlarge the present farm and garden, tlius enabling the institution to rai.se mare of its own truck. Siif fiixl For Saiuitnriinn. — The Sac and Fox Sanatorium, Toledo, Iowa, One of the best institutions in the service, with a capacity of SO patients, has been comitelh'd because of lack of funds to accept an average of less than GO patients, hicreasing thereby its per capita cost without fulfilling the best measure of its nsetulness. I?y excvllent management and tlirouirb sttict economy this institu- tion is existing, but at the expense of its plant, which needs repairs badly. ?5,0P0, available immediately, would permit an increased etirollment and some absolutely necessary repairs. $4(>,0(M) (the $."),000 .iust mentioned should be nnide available (»ut of this sum inunediately), an increase of .$iri,iMKl over hist year, is requested and will enable the hospital to run at full capacity, at which it is most econonii<'ally administered, and iiermit of repairs and improvements de- ferred druinL' the period ot the war. Coal and its tr.inspiulatlon alone at litis hosjdtal cost 'A'A) i)er cent more than last year. W'iniiil'in/o //'<.s7ut the best, however, that its , funils w ill allow. The coal alone this year cost .Sl.OOO more that it did last year, j Till- Clicrohurs. of (tLlolioiiia.- A health drive was mas-|ed to tin* poor and restricted Indians only — Indians who have heretofore been sadly neghvted Iti so fiiv IIS tlieir nietllcnl inre is concerned. .Man\ ol •; nc jniliirenl. aiid ii is esHentlal on that accoimt that the Ciovernment sjioidd look after their care and muintemince and K*'i)erid health status. INDIAN APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. 55 Mr. ^Ieritt. This is one of the most urfjently needed appropria- tions in the Indian Bill. The health conditions among the Indians are very bad. They suffer very greatly from tuberculosis and tra- choma. We have approximately 25.000 tubercular Indians in the United States, and there are estimated to be 35.000 cases of trachoma among the Indians in this country. TRACHOMA. (See p. 65.) Mr. Dempset. I had occasion when connected with the Depart- ment of Justice to have trachoma cases before me, and I supposed that trachoma was a disease incident to northeastern Europe and western Asia. I had no idea that it was prevalent in this country at all. and thought it was only prevalent there, until it had been brought in from the regions that I have mentioned. I did not suppose it was in this country at all. That was the testimony as I understood of oculists in cases that I tried at that time, which was only 10 or 12 years ago. Mr. Meritt. It is a well-known fact that we have considerable trachoma in this country. It is such a serious disease that they prevent people coming here from Europe with trachoma. Mr. Dempset. Oh. yes: the^^ are absolutely excluded. These were exclusion cases that I had to try. Mr. ^Ieritt. It is such a serious disease that if neglected it will eventually result in blindness. Mr. Dempset. The disease as I understand it comes from two things — from being in the country where they have sand storms and the dirt gets in the eyes in that way, and then it is both contagious and infectious. ]Mr. ^Ieritt. We have special physicians who travel around among the Indians for the treatment of the disease, but our appropria- tions are entirely inadequate to meet this urgent need. Mr. Dempset. Is that much more prevalent in the country where there are dust storms that carry dust with them, or is it general through the Indian country? Mr. Meritt. It is largely general through the Indian country in the West and Xorthwest. We do the best we can with the small appropriations available. We have been severely criticised by the medical world for not getting larger appropriations for the medical work among the Indians, paying higher salaries, and furnishing better hospital equipment, to reduce trachoma and tuberculosis among the Indians. But it is impossible with the appropriations made available by Congress to do all of this urgently needed work. Mr. Dempset. Trachoma is an irritation and a roughness of the inner surface of the lids of the eye. is it not ? Mr. ]Meritt. It is. Mr. Dempset. The eyelids rub the eyeball, and it becomes suffi- ciently severe in the end that the irritation destroys the sight ? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. We are maintaining out of this appro- priation 19 hospitals located in different parts of the Indian country. Xow. this appropriation covers almost altogether hospital and medi- cal assistance to the Indians. 56 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, lit22. Mr. Klstox. Does tliat include any other objects? Mr. Mkimtt. That is the main purpose of the appropriation. Some- times we use a part of this aitpropriation to relieve an Indian in distress: for examjjle. if we find an Indian who is very poor and he needs immediate assistance in food and clothinjr. the ai)propriation is broad enou<_di to help alonfr that line. Air. Dk-mi'sey. It furnishes transportation. Mr. ("hairman, too. SUBSISTENCE. Mr. Ei.sToN. In the itemization of youi' use of the appro))riation made for the fiscal year 11)20 and in your itemization of your e.i.NTON. As to which tribe? Mr. Mkiutt. To be divided amonjr tlie Choctaws and Chickasaws. Mr. Elston. And how many individual Indians would participat in tliat distribution? Mr. MEini-r. All of the Choctaws and Chickasaws would partici pate in that distribution. Tliere are about 10,966 Chickasaws ant 26,828 Choctaws. All the enrolled Choctaws and Cliickasaws. excep the freedmen, would participate in tiiat distribution. The freedmei in the Chickasaw Nation number 4.662 and in the Choctaw Natio; 6,029. , . i Mr. Elston. Are the properties of the Clioctaws and Chickasaw producing revenue at the present time ( Mr. Mkritt. Their lands are being leased for farming purpose* and we are also leasing some of the coal lands. We get an income o about $200,000 a year from the coal royalties, but that is used fo supporting schools among the Choctaws ami the Chickasaws. INIr. Elston. Under your direction, or under the direction of thei council? Mr. Meiutt. Under tiie direction of the Indian Bureau. Mr. Ei>T<'N. If this rider here, with regard to the segregation of a; additional $50,000 for medical and health work among the restrictej Indians in the Five Civilized Tribes, Avere not included in the preserj bill, would they have autliority tf) use any part of that amount i'oi the Five Civilized Tribes or would you be restrii-ted absoluti^ly t the items that are contained in the rest of the matter under thi head of relieving distress, etc.? Mr. Mi:i!iTT. If we had surplus funds we could use part of it fr that work, but the hospitals that we now have in operation take prat tically the full appropriation. Therefore, we must have an add tional a|)pi()priation if we are to carry on that wttrk. Mr. Elston. Then, if the $50,000 "ailditional for the Five Civi ized Trib{s is not included in the present bill or can not be inchuU> in the i^resent bill, being a new legislative matter, that would ivthu the to(;.l estimate of $415,000 by $50,000^ Mi-. Mi.inrr. Yes, si)-. Mr. Elston. And that would leave you with suflicicnt funds f( your pnr|)oses? Mr. Mritrrr. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Mr. Meritt, for the inft)rmation of this subconuni tee, I woulil like to have you put into the ivcortl a concise statemei of the total as.siets of the Choctaw and Chickasaw Tribes, with tl number of Indinns who woidd ]>articipate in their property, tl amount of annii:d payments to them out of the revenues of the property, and a statement of the total revenues of those two tribe Now, 1 ask that for the purpose of detei-mining whether those t>> tiibes are in a condition of self-sudiciency with regai'd to tiie health matters, and tho.se figures would bear on the necessity eve IXDIAX APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. 59 at this time of appropriating for those ChoetaAv and Chickasaw hospitals. Mr. Dempsey. You do not quite mean of all their property, do you. Mr. Chairman? You mean a statment of what is in the hands of the department and what the department receives and disburses for them annually. Mr. Elstox. That is what I meant, but that suggests that they might have other property distributed and allotted, which is not under the charge of the bureau, but if we can obtain figures which would give other information as to their ability to take care of themselves, if the bureau has these official figures, which are out- side of their official cognizance, I think it would be well to put them in. I feel that if ever the time is to come when we are going to separate some of these tribes from the Indian Bureau, we ought to begin with those tribes that are able to take care of themselves, and to fix at least some period when they would be cut off from the Government and allowed to maintain their own activities, and that question can be determined with regard to these tribes largely to see how well able to take care of themselves they are. Mr. Meritt. The information requested is as follows : Tribal fiDxJs in Cnited States Treasury and Oklalionia ba)tk-s as sJioidi hi/ Indian Office ledgers under date of Dec. /. 1920. CHOCTAW NATION. Indian moneys, proceeds of labor : Choctaw royalties, grazing, etc $28,942.11 Choctaw town lots 602.57 Choctaw unallotted lands (in United States Treasury and Oklalionia banks) 1 1. 089, 930. l.j Choctaw 3 per cent fund : 50. 03 Interest on Choctaw 3 per cent fund 45. 35 Interest on Choctaw moneys on deposit in Oklahoma Iianks 15. 701. 85 Total in United States Treasury and Oklahoma banks 1, 135. 272. 06 CHICKASAW XATIOX. Indian moneys, proceeds of labor : Chick;) saw unallotted lands (in United States Treasury and Oklahoma banlvs) _* iSilO. 8.58. 97 Chicka.iaw town lots 169.18 Interest on Cliickasaw national fund 76.24 Interest on Chickasaw moneys on deposit in Oklahoma banks_ 10. 094. 86 Total 22L 199. 25 Chickasaw royalties, etc. (overdraft) 37.471.59 Net balance 183, 727. 66 Estimated rahie of unsold Cfioctair and ChicJcasnir tribal property, including amounts uncollected from sale of lands and minerals. Tribal schools and improvements $105, 000. 00 2.219 town lots 40.000.00 Unsold lands, including timberlands, and surface of segregated coal and a.sphalt lands 1 1 680, 975. 00 Amount uncollected from land sold___ 1. 755, 147. 43 Amount uncollected from sale of coal and asphalt minerals 1, 220, 829. 79 Coal and asphalt minerals deposits 11,273.715.98 Total 15, 075, 668. 20 GO INDIAN APPROPIUATION BILL, 1922. Amount of per capita payments matle to Choc-taws ami ("Iiicka- saws for the fiscal year ended June 30. 1920: Choctaws. $3,010,077.60; CMiickasa\vs, $1,252,550. Total reyenues of the ('hocta^ys and ChickasaAvs reoeiyed during the fiscal year ended June 30, 15J20: ChoctaAys. $2,126,127: Chioka- sa\ys, $706',91». Total number of Indians \yho would participate in the property of the Choctaws and Chickasaws: Choctaws. 20,799: Chickasaws, 6,304. PIMA HOSPITAL, ARIZONA. Mr. Meritt. Mr. (^hairman. before we leaye tiiis item, we would like to haye the amount for the Pima Hospital increased from " $10,000 to $13,000. That will not increase the apjjropriation, but Avill allow a larfrer use for that particular hospital. We have an unusual physician at that hospital, who is doin reasonable distanced Mr. MKRrrr. Yes. sir. Mr. Elstox. The Sac Tril)e has (luite a h»r«re amount of |)roperty, has it not. and funds in the Treasury? ^£r. Mkritt. The Sac and Fox Sanatorium ? Mr. Elstox. There is no Sac Tribe; that is just a desi,(iOii to $4().()0() ? Mr. Meritt. That sanatoi-ium has a capacitv of SO. and with the money available we can only carry a very small number in that hos- ])ital. and in order to fill the sanatorium to its capacity we are ask- ing: for this increased appropriation. Mr. Elstox. Is there a demand that will tax the capacity of t he- hospital ? Mr. Meimtt. Yes. sir: we can fill that hospital to capacity with children afflicted witli tul)erculosis. Mr. TiXKHAM. AA'ill you tell me what the very irreat increase in the appropriation has been for. that is the principal items, fi'om 1012 to 10-21? T see that the appropriation under this jreneral itein was $C().0(K) in 1912. $9().(U)(l in 1018. $2(K).0()0 in 1014, $300,000 in 101.*). Mr. Meti'it. AVe ha\-e Itcen buildin.ril(l births, which we think is a \('i\v «rood showinjjf. Ten years a;ro the Indians were suppost>d to l)e a d\'in of his 1020 r«'poit. states that the health of the Iiiijians is bett«'r cared for to-da\' than at anv time in the historv of INDIAN APPEOPEIATION BILL, 1922. 63 the race. Does that mean that their health is better or that the l! facilities for taking care of them are better? Mr. Mekitt. Both. The facilities for taking care of them have been increased and improved. Eight years ago we came before the committees of Congress urging these appropriations in order to con- struct these hospitals so as to take care of the health conditions of J the Indians. I ~ Mr. Elston. Then, pursuing Mr. Tinkham's question, the disparity between the earlier appropriations and the later appropriations I means, in your opinion, that the Government is meeting its obliga- I tions in regard to the health of the Indians in a better way now than heretofore i Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; but I want to say that even with the present increased facilities we are not in a position to meet the Indian health situation on the various reservations. TURTLE irOUNTAIX HOSPITAL, N. DAK. Mr. Elston. Will you go on down this list, reviewing in a general way the ability of the different Indians involved to maintain their own hospital facilities? Mr. Meritt. In the case of the Turtle Mountain Hospital, X. Dak., those Indians are poor and only have $2,000 to their credit in the Treasury. WINNEBAGO HOSPITAL, NEBR, (See p. 64.) 1 In the case of the Winnebago Hospital, Xebr.. we are asking for $18,000 for that hospital. They have $73,000 in the Treasury at this time to their credit. Mr. Elston. Is that a vested fund or is it accumulations of income from producing property ? Mr. Meritt. It is money deposited in the Treasury to their credit, part of which is deriAed from the sale of surplus lands. !Mr. Elston. Will that be largely augmented by future sales in such a way that you could answer as to whether or not they would be able to maintain out of their own funds the current expenses for this hospital ? Mr. Meritt. That fund would not be augmented. In the case of the Crow Creek Hospital, S. Dak., the Crow Creeks have $326 in the Treasury at this time. In the case of the Hoppa Valley Hospital, Calif., those Indians are without funds. In the case of the Jicarilla Hospital, New Mexico, they are very poor Indians, and have no large amount of funds to their credit. They have $147,000 to their credit, but they need that money to buy sheej) and cattle so as to make them industrially independent. In the case of the Truxton Canyon Camp Hospital, Arizona, those Indians are without funds. In the case of the Indian Oasis Hospital, Arizona, those Indians are without funds. C4 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. TRIBAL FUNDS OF CHOCTAWS AND CHICKASAWS. The (Mioctaws and the Chickasaws liave funds to their credit. Mr. Demtsky. (iive us the amount.'^ tluit the ChiKtaws and the ChickasaAvs have to their credit. Mr. Meritt. The Choctaws had to their credit on December 1, 1920, $1,135,272.06. The Chickasaws had to their credit on Decem- ber 1, 1920, $183,727.66. Mr. Elston. Would it be possible, just to illustrate these items under this heading alone, to make a condensed table showing more in detail but quite briefly the aggregate properties and the amounts in the Treasury, and the income-bearing funds or properties of the.se different tribes? AVould that be much trouble, or are there rei)orts • now available which will illustrate the whole thing? Mr. Meritt. None of these tribes except the Choctaws and C'hicka- ; saws have property bringing in funds to any considerable extent, but we can get up very readily a statement showing the amount of funds to the credit of each tribe. Mr. Dempset. The chairman suggested, in additi»,2:w.oo 18, 4 19, 492. (X) 1,472,970.00 'i,'28i,'873.()6' 724, l.>t.()0 2, .ItVS. (K) 12rt,991.00 70,209.00 1,014,716.00 t).(K) 147, 444. IK) 44,282.00 ' i'moo'i 16,080.00 ' 2,200.00 3,250.00 i4.s,66i).ti6 ' 19,000.00 ' Soe full statement in record. WINNEH.VKo IKiSl'ir VI., N r.HH.VSK.V. (St'f p. m.) •Mr. Klston. Outside ol' the Sac and Kox Sanaloriuni ihciv is only one of (he.sc items that involves an increase over last year, and that is the U'inncbiigo IIos|)ital, Nebraska, where you ask for $3,000 addi- tional (o what was a|)|)r()priat('(| hisl vcar. *A\'hat is the reason for that i Mr. .Mi.Kirr. W'v found that the funds avaihibjc were not sulli- cienl to iiitM't thr (Icmands of Ih.ii hospital. The liealth condititms IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, If)22. 65 among those Indians are not very good, and we need a larger amount in order to meet the demands on that hospitah Mr. Elstox. Have you set that out in your justification for this item ? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Elston. This item in italics — ^'Provided further, That not to exceed $50,000 of this appropriation may be used for medical and health work among the restricted Indians in the Five Civilized Tribes '" — has been discussed in a formal way in connection with the estimates in this item. Mr. TiXKHAir. What would restricted Indians mean? Mr. Meritt. There are two classes of Indians, restricted Indians and patent-in-fee Indians. Patent-in-fee Indians are those who are alleged to be competent and have had patents in fee issued to them, and thereafter they are treated the same as any other citizen of the United States, and we no longer have an}- jurisdiction over them. Restricted Indians are those Indians whose proijerty is held in trust by the Government of the United States. TRACHOMA. (Seep. 55.) Mr. Dempset. Would it not be well. ]Mr. Meritt, to emphasize the fact that this trachoma is an exceedingly contagious and infectious disease, and would threaten the health not only of the Indians them- selves but of the adjoining white people, and that it is probably almost as bad a disease in that aspect as is known in the country '. ]Mr. Meritt. It is indeed : and as soon as the white people of this country learn that we have 30,000 Indians afflicted with trachoma there are going to be vigorous jjrotestH until that condition is remedied. It is very important that we get this eye disease of the Indians under control at the earliest possible date. As you say, it does threaten not only the other Indians on the reservation, but it threatens the white people in the surrounding communities. CHEROKEES. Mr. Hastings. ^Nlr. ^Nleritt. I was not here a moment ago when this item was first read and when you presented your justification: but turninof to that, I notice that vou refer to the fact that there were 3.418 restricted Cherokee cases that were examined in a health drive made in the latter part of 1917. ^Ir. Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Hastings. I will ask you, in order to emphasize the large per- centage of them that are affected, if that is not about one-half or one- third of the restricted members of that tribe ? Mr. Meritt. There are approximately 41,000 members of the Cherokee Tribe. Mr. Hastings. Yes : but if you will notice, that refers to the restricted members of the tribe. There are 41.000 members of the tribe : there are not 41.000 restricted. Mr. ]Meritt. Xot at all; no. sir. 26630—21 o 66 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Hastings. I was trying to have you tell tlie committee what percentage of these Indians are affected, if there are 3,418 living restricted Cherokees now. Mr. Meritt. That would be about 40 per cent. Mr. Hastings. Tlie Cherokees have no funds to their credit at all? Mr. Meritt. No. sir. Mr. Hastings. They are one of the Five Civilized Tribes? Mr. ^rERiTT. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. They have no hospital facilities? Mr. Meritt. Xo, sir. The affairs of the Cherokees have been prac- tically wound up, so far as tribal affairs are concerned. The 41,000 Cherokee Indians have been allotted, their tril)al funds have been distributed, and the tribal offices have been discontinued, and the Cherokee tribal affairs are wound up. Out of the 41,000 Cherokees who have been allotted, there are only about 8,000 who remain restricted and under the jurisdiction of the Federal Government. ^Ir. Elston. You mean their property is under the jurisdiction and control of the Government ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. E1.ST0X. What does that property amount to for these 8.000- restricted Cherokees? Mr. Meritt. Simply their allotments. Mr. Elston. Is there any amount of cash that was distributed to them, or held for them by the Government? Mr. Meritt. They had their property distributed to them and their share of the tribal funds in the Treasury of the United States. Mr. Dempset. The chairman modified his question and asked whether there was any left in the Treasury. ^Ir. Meritt. No money was left in the Treasury at that time. Mr. Elston. Then all of the restricted Indians were made cash paymoits? ^Ir. Meritt. Some restricted Indians have to their individual credit funds from the sale of lands, and at tlie time the tril)al funds were distributed we did not pay to all the Cherokee Indians the funds in cash, but only to the competent ones. We deposited the shares of the incompetent Indians in some bonded bank. Mr. Elston. All of these restricted Indians among the Cherokees, or among any other of the Five Civilized Tribes, still have their allotments unsold, then? .Mr. Meritt. Some of them have sold their allotments — some of them have sold a part of their land. Mr. EijSTON. Are those lands valuable? Mr. Meritt. Not very valuable. They are mostly hill lands, and of no great value. I imagine the land will not exceed in value $'Jr> an acre, on an average. Is that a fair estimate, Mr. Hastings? Mr. Hastings. Yes: I think it is too liberal. Mr. Elston. Consin«iitions exist- ing in Indian Teiritory it was necessary to take over and have more immediate direi-tion of the allairs in the Indian Territory, and the ( i(»\ cnimcnl pas.sed what is Unown as the Curtis act in lHi>a. 1 believe INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 69 Mr. Hastings. Ji^ne 28. :Mr. ^Meritt. June 28, 1898. Mr. Hastiiiirs could tell the history of that country much better than 1 could, but that is a jreneral out- line of the situation. Mr. Hastings. If I might digress a moment, the truth about it is tliat there were five o-overnments down there by these Five Civilized Tribes. They paid their own expenses, they made their own hiws, they executed their own hiws. and they paid their own way. That was prior to 1898. The Government here was insisting on their changing their form of government and the method of their hind holding in order that the^^ might ultimately come in either as a State or a part of a State. They passed what is known as the Curtis bill on June 28. 1898. This, in effect, dismantled their government. It took aAvay from them their authority to legislate, their authority to appropriate, their authority to manage their own affairs, and their authority to expend their own money. The Fi^e Civilized Tribes Avere practically coerced into maldng agreements with representa- tives of tha Government. Four of the tribes did. The Cherokees made some agreements, and those agreements were not ratified. Finally Congress, by the act of July 1. 1902. passed an agreement bill and submitted it to the Cherokees for ratification, and said, " You either take this or you take worse," namely, what was known as the Curtis Act of June 28, 1898, and as a choice between two evils the Cherokees, of course, accepted the lesser, this latter act of Con- gress, which is the act of Julv 1. 1902. and it thereafter became effective. Mr. TiNKHAM. Do you think that was the proper course for the Government to pursue, to insist on their accepting either the one or the other? Mr, Hastings. Well, that is a long story. The conditions were such that a great manj- people thought that they ought to be changed down there, and thought it was best for the Indians that they become citizens of the United States, and that they become either a separate State or a part of a State of the Union. There has been a good deal of controyersy as to whether the Government has pursued the proper policy toward them, but that is water that has gone over the wheel, and 1 was just simply trying to explain to the committee that it was not upon the initiative of those Five Tribes that these changes have come about. Of course, it has taken 20 years. They had to make up the rolls down there and they had to survey the land. For instance, a part of those countries had not been surveyed, and those that had been surveyed had to be resurveyed. The membership of the various tribes had to be determined, and a lot of work with reference to the individual members had to be gone through with. Those Indians, as they understood it. were to have their lands and to haye their mone3^ and they feel as though the Government has the technical part, the legal part of it. in making appropriations from the tribal funds for a purpose of this kind, but that it has no moral right to do it, and the members of many of those tribes re- sent it. STATE HOSPITALS. t Mr. Elston. Has the State established in the country of the Five CiAnlized Tribes any hospitals, or does it assume to take care of them in any part itself? 70 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Meritt. Tlie State has established hospitals in portions of Oklahoma, and I understand they are fjettinir ready now to construct a hospital ri«rht near Talihina.' The State is be2 1916 1913 1916 1914 I^n 191.5 191 S 1913 1916 1914 1914 1915 1915 1916 1916 1915 1915 1915 1914 1915 Capacity. 40 40 40 120 20 30 25 25 100 30 8 24 30 20 24 4 20 20 20 20 26 20 30 20 24 20 60 50 92 36 20 30 Cost. J15,( 25, ( 12/ 2.i,( 14,4(1 9,3f i,r 12.13 22, i 24.53; 3,! 1> other funds available. Mr. Kl.st(»n. SuiJposc we dropped out tiiis item of $50,000 and should leave you an additional $50,000 in this floating fund, would you have authority, under the direction here that you should use that money for relieving; distress', etc., to distribute some part of that money in the way of aid to the Five Civilized Tribes? Mr. Mkiutt. Yes. sir: we would have that authority. Mr. Hastixgs. Mr. Meritt, has not this health condition amom: the members of the Five Civilized Tribes been brou sanitarium will become a village of considerable pro- jiortions if all the afllicted are gathered into it. hut this is pri^-isely what should he done; aiul if necessary some method should he found (by legislation if need be) to re(piire tuberculous patients to n>niain in the saiiitai'iuni, pro- vided, of cour.se, it is ijrojterly condiicti'd and the i>hysica land spiritual needs of the <"olony are ade(piately cared for. 1'. CUiiiuiv iif cUmntc. — It may he advisable in some instanc(>s in which theri' lire fair chances of a cure, and in which the individual is not closely bound by family ties, to send patients to soulliern or western Texas or to Ni'W .Mexico. .\s to <-liildrcii. these pntieuls. as had already been ilone in some instances, can Ite placed in hospitals and reipiinyl t«i remain so long as there is neinl. As for adults, who can iml he i-oni rolled so (>asily, there should be some way of coloid'/ing them, as it were, under the supervision of some reliable Indian, ko that Iliey may liaxc Hie conipanionsliip of one anoih(>r and be induceil to remain a sufli<-lenl leiiglli nf lime. It Is folly to spend an Indian's money sending him |o some dislani Stale when it Is i»ract h'ally sure that in two or three w»'«'ks he will be<'ome restless anil return, without having been benefited in the least. ;!. I.'ditriitioii. — .\ campaign of t'ducallon In reference to luberculosls should 1)1' rarrled mil thornugjdy in evi'ry Indian commuidty. ll will taUi> yt>arrt IN^DIAX APPROPRIATION BILL. 1922. 73 before siioh ii enmpaifni can be expected to accomplish much, but if any considerable results are to be realized, it shduld be besun at once and carried on persistently and insistently. The necessary literature should be translated into the Choctaw lansruage and distributed at once. This should be read systematically to the children and to the people tienerally in all schools nnd other places of assembly. In this campai.trn every religious organization shoiUd join. In it every local (lovern- nient official, every physician, every school-teacher, every minister, should take an active part, not spasmodically but s:ssteraatieally. 1p. a great many instances the Choctaw language will be the only vehicle which can convey to th.e minds of the people the knowledge they should have of the disease — of its origin, of its propagation, and of the means of preventing it. It must be taken for granted that not one or two warnings or instructions will accomplish anything at all. The subject must be put before the people in season and oiit of season, week after week, year after year. Incidentally I would suggest that stereopticon lectures be given at times in every school- house. The Indian mind will not easily yield to the knowledge of the germ that reaches it through the meditim of the ear. The information that comes through the medium of the eye will make the strongest impression. Another thing to be considered is that the Indian does not shrink from contact ^^^th the disease, nor from contagion or death as the white nwin does; in fact, my observation among the Choctaws rather leadi* me to belieN*" ftiat all these things have a sort of fascination for them, and thus the difficulty of saving them from themselves is augmented. Th* segregation of the afflicted and the ceaseless campaign of education among the people is an absolute neces- sity. By these means only can we ho]ie to rescue the Choctaws and Chickasaws and the whites among whom they live from the ravages of tuberculosis. William H. Ketcham. Hon. Gkorge Vaix. Jr., Chaiiinan. Mr. Elstox. You spent last year, or for the vear ended June 30, 1920. about the sum of $350.000.* if I understand it correctly? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Elstox. If we left out this item of $50,000 here for particular work amonof the Five Civilized Tribes, you would have just about what you spent last year, is that right ? ISIr. JSIeritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Elstox. Mr. Meritt, have your estimates now for the sub- sistence supplies of these various hospitals, which take up a very large part of your appropriation, been based on what you believe the market will be for the year commencing next July, which will be the year when this money is to be used ? Mr. !Meritt. Yes, sir: during recent years we have had to cut the rations very short in our hospitals, as well as in our schools. In fact, we have been unable to supply the patients in these hospitals, as well as the children in the schools, with adequate food during the last three years, and we will be hard pressed, at the prices that will obtain next July, to support our hospitals, schools, and agencies on the funds allowed by Congress. SUPPORT or IXDIAN SCHOOLS. Mr. Elstox. The next item is for the support of Indian schools, on page 13 of the estimates. For support of Indian day and industiial schools not otherwise provided for, and other educational and industrial jiurposes in connection therewith, .$1,700.- 000: Provided. That not to exceed $40,000 of this amount may be used for the supiiort and education of deaf and dumb or blind or mentally deficient Indian children : Provided. That hereafter a'! rcs^M-vatirn and nonreservation boarding schools, with an average attendance of less than 45 and 80 pupils, respectively. 74 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. shall be disronlinued on or before the bejiinninjr of the next fiscal year. Tiie pupils in schools so »liscoiitinueil shall be transferred first, if possible, to Indian day s-chools or State piililie .'schools; second, to adjacent reservation or non- reservation boardin^r sfhoT4. C". Forage 3."». .tU, 079. 4: The amount refpiestcd, .S1.700,0(¥>, is .S1()0.00«) more than the amount in the 1921 act. The fund is ropiireil for sui)port and education of Indian chiUlri ii in all .^<-hools for which no spe<4fic apiiropriation is made or us»» of tribal fiuil-^ authorized. lncbnling «lay schools and i>ubiic schools where tuition is paid. A larger amount than was allowed last year is recpiired because i>f X\\v hlirh <'-t of support of the schools an shortage <>l teachers has w«41-nlgh produced a crisis. Throughout the country at laru'< there Is a pros|M'ctlve net loss for the t)resent year of approximately 1(V>.(mhi lea«'hers. Tlier«- is a 25 per cent reduction over 191(5 In the number of normal ucJiool graduates, an«l a national force of teai-hers more than one-half of wli<-in INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 75 are without the professional training requisite for the minimum pedagogical standard. Recent reliable data showed that aI)out 20,000 ^schools of the country were without teachers, more than twice that number were supplied with tem- porary instructors, and that over 300,000 teachers with less than the minimum qualitications were employed. The explanation is chiefly that teachers continue to he attracted to other vocations which require little preparation for acceptable service on account of the compensation, which better meets the co.st of living. The situation in the Indian school service is similar. For several years l)efore the period of the war there had been considerable ■difficulty in securing new employees and retaining the services of efficient em- ployees already in the service, due to the fact that the salaries in the Indian Service were lower than the amount paid for similar work on the outside. Since 1916, it has been most difficult to operate many of the schools due to lack of employees. There are in the Indian Service approximately 420 matron positions paying an average salary of about $540 per annum. These women are on duty 16 to 18 hours each day and subject to call at any time during the 24 hours, as they have quarters in the dormitories with the pupils and are responsible for their welfare at night as well as during the day. There are about 50 vacancies which the office is unable to till. Of the something over 200 cook and baker positions, about 50 are vacant. These employees receive about .$500 per year, which is less than the amount paid house workers in domestic service in many localities, and these employees must cook for from 50 to several hundred children, often with no assistance except that of young pupils. There are nearly 150 engineer positions in the service and about 35 of these are vacant. The average salary in these po.sitions ranges from .$720 to .$900 per annum. Men competent to hold the position of engineer and operate our heating and lighting plants, etc., can get so much more on the outside that there is no inducement to stay in our service. Aside from the difficulty of securing engineers there must be taken into consideration the rapid deteriora- tion of expensive power plants cared for by the class of incompetent help, which is the only kind that can be secured in many places at the salaries paid. There are some 65 disciplinarian positions paying an average salary of $720 per annum, and about 15 of these are vacant at the present time. The office is unable to secure a class of employees who can perform the duties of this position, and without proper discipline at the schools there can be no proper safeguarding of the welfare of the boys enrolled. Unless there is a material increase in the salaries paid in practically all positions at our schools, it will not only be impossible to fill the vacancies already existing but the schools can not retain employees now on duty. Several schools in the service have not been in session for one or two years past on account of lack of employees, and others have been operated with a number of temporary employees whose services were of very little benefit. There are some 600 teacher positions in the Indian school service, about 150 of ^^•hich are vacant, and although the office has increased the minimum teachers' salary from $600 to $760 per annum it still can not get teachers enough to fill A'acancies. As the minimvmi salary is raised it will be necessary to make pro- motions all along the line to retain the services of the present teachers expe- rienced in Indian school work. Apart from the increase in teachers' salaries above mentioned, thei-e has been no general increase in tli& salaries paid em- ployees in the Indian Service during the period of the war. There \Aas an average enrollment in the schools supported from the fund "Indian school support" during the fiscal year 1920 of about 9,000 pupils; the average attendance was approximately 8.000. This includes both day and boarding schools. The Indian appropriation act for the fiscal year 1920 fixes a per cajiita limitation of $225 for schools having 200 pupils or more. In cases of schools having an attendance of less than 200 the Secretary of the Interior can authorize $250 per capita. The majority of schools supported from the fund in question ha\e an attendance of less than 200. Using the lower figure, $225. as The basis of computation would more than offset the lower cost of educating children in day schools. On a per c.-tpita basis of $225 it would cost $1,8(X),000 to educate the 8,000 children mentioned above. There was $1,750,000 appropriated for " Indian schools support " during the fiscal year 1920, of which .$200,000 was to be used for payment of tuition in public schools and $40,000 for support and education of deaf and blind children. It is estimated that $27,500 will be required for transportation of coal next 5'ear, and this is an exjiense not heretofore charged against this fund. 76 INDIAN APPROPUIATIUN BILL, 1022. Kverv \vork»'r ou;:lit t<. ivceivi' more than a inert' exis^tenc-e wage. Kveryoue should have eiioufih to allow the practire nf thrift, to permit some sitving and a little jiivin^' now and then. lUit of all workers those who have at much time and expense prepared themselves for a profe.s.sion .should iiave euoujjh to (over the cost of some additional culrure an«l of littinf: Ihem.selves hetter to do the hasic work uimmi whieh so much of all proj.'ress and human betterment de- pends. We can not procure or retain service of skill and te<-lniical training when higher pay can he obtained in other (Jovernment departments, and much better in conm-ction with outside enteri irises. With the amount of the ai)pro- Itriatioii during IKliO it will be inijiossible to meet tin- in<-reasof. in teachers salaries alone, to say nothing of increasing salaries in other positions. Puring the li.scal year li)2(J eleven schools supported from " Inromoted rapidly from grade to grade. Teachers ar*' instrticting clas.ses so large that no individual attention is given to puiiils, and this notwithstanding the fact that many of the children speak no English on entrance. In addition, the children are not properly fed or clothe,r)4(). and in public schools. ;^(),S.")S. so far as information has been received. This makes a total of G1,S(.K> Indian children in idl schools of whatsoever character. It should be noted that the foregoing data is not conlhied to schools supported from this fund, but refers to Indian children in all classes of schools. Tlu' provision for closnig reservation and nonreservation boarding schools with an average atlenilatice of less than 4.'» and 80 j)upils, respectively, and tlay schools with !tn average attendance of h-.ss than 8 Is in line with a provision <-ontaincd in the appropriation ad f«)r the eurr«'nt fiscal year. The authority |o transfer pupils from discontinued scho»ds to otlier schools having unused cMpacll.v sidlicleni |o receive iliein as a neccssarv ai'compMiilment. inasnuu'h as without such aiilhorily in many casi's the children could not be transferred withoni the consent of tln-ir parents umler existing law (28 Slat. 1,., 'M'A; 28 Stat. I.., '.MMJ; 29 Stat. L.. .'{48). Special emphasis has been laid during the year 1920 on enrollment of Iiulian chlldr«'n in public s<-hools. The principle of refpilring Indian children to attemi IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 77 public schools wiiere available has been continued, and unless a superintendent has definite information and is satisfied that without Government assistance the pupil would be deprived of school pri\ileges. he has lieen instructed to refuse such child enrollment in a Government Indian school. The .S200.rK:>0 asked for public-school tuition is to secure attendance in public schools where the States do not recognize the right of the Indian to attend, or the State authorities do not feel it incumbent on them to take active measures to secure such attendance, when compulsory attendance laws applicable to Indians do not exist, or especially where districts contain nontaxable Indian lands and the Indians do not contribute to the support of the district schools. Many Indians whose children are not fitted to attend public schools, or for whom there are no public schools available near their home, are able to bear the wht)le or part of the exi^nse of educating their children. In view of the need for conserving public funds, these Indians are now required to pay cost • of transjjortation and tuition at Government schools. Mr. Dempskt. How much is the amount there? * Mr. :Mki!itt. $1,700,000. Mr. Elstox. Is there anything else along that line? Mr. Meritt. Xothing: except to emphasize the absolute necessity of procnrino- this increase of $100,000. in order to keep our schools open and in operation. AVe had for the fiscal year 1920, $1,750,000 for this work. For the fiscal year 1919 we hacl $1,650,000. We are asking for $50,000 less than Congress allowed lis in 1920. and $100.- 000 more than Congress allowed ns this last year. CLOSING OF SCHOOLS. (See p. 110.) ]Mr. Elston. Yon mentioned the clauses that were put in last year's bill relative to the enforced closing of schools far below a certain minimimi. Have there been any schools discontinued under those enactu'ents \ Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir ; we have discontinued some schools. Mr. Elston. How many? Mr. Meritt. There were 32 schools of all kinds closed during the fiscal year 1920. Mr. Elston. What was the overhead for maintaining those schools, and therefore tlie saving, if any. by reason of their discontinuance? Mr. Meritt. There will be some saving in overhead, but thore will be no saving in the ultimate cost of educating the children, because they will be transferred to other schools Avhere we have sufficient capacitv to take care of them. ^Ir. Elston. It is expected, however, that the addition of those children to the existing schools would not increase the overhead of the existing schools, because in many cases those schools were under capacity, and the addition of a few more would not add greatly to the unit cost. Mr. Meritt. They Avould not add greatly to the overhead cost, but, of course, the per capita cost would be about the same. It costs about $225 per capita per year to educate a child in our Indian boarding schools. Mr. Elston. That, of course, would be necessarily decreased where you employed the plant up to maximum capacity? Mr. Meritt. It is hard to decrease the cost more than that, unless the enrollment is very large. 78 • INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Elston. You are speaking now of boarding schools? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. How many of those schools discontinued comjirised day schools? Mr. Meritt. I will put in the record a statement showing the schools discontinued, and the capacity and class of each school. Mr. Dempsey. Whether boarding school or day school? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. (The statement requested is as follows:) Schools Abolished During Fiscal Year 1920. nonreservation boarding schools. Capacity. Hope School, South Dakota 00 Cushuian School, Washinj;ton 350 RESERVATION BOARDING SCHOOLS. Southern Ute, Colorado 50 White Earth, Minnesota 250 Kiokapoo. Kansas 71 I'r.vor (.^reek (under Crow), Montana 47 .licarilla, New Mexico ^" 108 Shawnee. Oklahoma 110 Rainy Mountain (under Kiowa), Oklahoma 155 Yankton, South Dakota 115 Lower Brule. South Dakota 100 Yakima, Washington 131 TRIBAL BOARDING SCHOOLS. Armstrong (Choctaw Nation), Oklahoma 100 Tuskahoma (Choctaw Nation), Oklahoma 110 DAY SCHOOLS. Yuma Valley (Fort Yuma), California 40- Capitan Grande (Pala). California . 24 Potter Valley (Round Valley), California 10 rt«* Mountain, Colorado 25 Twin Lake (Wliite Earth), Minnesota : 30 l$eaulieu (White Earth), Minnesota '..--'- 30^ Round Lake (White Earth), Minnesota 30 lUnli Cooh'y ( Pii)estone), Minnesota 36 I'ldon, Mississip]»i 40 Fort peck No. H, Montana 30 Little Oak (Treek (Standing Rctck). North Dakota 40 ("annoti Hall (Standing Rock), North Dakota 40 Klaiiiiilli .No. 2, Oregon 30 • Modoc I'oliit (Klaniatli), Oregon . 30 Wliite L:ike ( Uosdiud ), South Dakota 19 (.^ueetH River (Taliolah ). Washington 40 SiK>kane No. 8, Washington 25 Arapaho (Shoshone), Wyondng 25 Mr. Elston. ^ e applied to both. We must raise the salaries of the teachers if we expect to retain their serviceg. In. fact, we have already raised the salaries of some teachers. Mr. Elstun, You have that power to raise the salaries, within the a- ' than S2(M); but we funiisli light :ind fuel and a cottage in the case "'' a married man. Mr. Elstox. I do not think any (pu'stion can be made in regard i the o'.crpayment of these tearhers. .Ml'. Demi'sev. You made it mmw simple. You estimateil the co-t of maintaining an Indian child at $'J'J5. and these teachers have :i room adjoining the dormitory. 'I'hey have a little better room than the pupils, and whde the children sl(>ep in the dormitory the teacher ha^ a I'oom. That is the onlv distinction. Mr. IIastixos. The child is clotheil and fed (tut (d" the ^•_''J5 ? •Ml'. De.mi'sey. Ye.s. .\Ii-. .Mi.iMTi-. .Viid in the case of mai'rii'd employi'es. we endeavor to fiirnisli them w ith small cottages. .Mr. llAsTiN(is. I want to emphasize one other thing. Mr. Meiitt. F thirdv it ought to be .stated in this connection that these teachers are! on (hit \ all the time. ( INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 81 Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. I want to state also in this connection that I heard it stated in connection with the discussion of the District of Colum- bia appropriation bill, that the minimum salary paid teachers here in the District of Columbia was $1,200, and that was exclusive of longevity pay. Mr. Meritt. They are paying as high as $1,800 for teachers in the public schools in the Western States. I would like to emphasize the point, however, that where schools are closed those pupils are taken care of in other schools. Also Congress has been making appropriations of $100,000 annually for several years, for addi- tional schools facilities among the Xavajo Indians in Arizona and , Xew Mexico. That appropriation is for buildings, but as the buildings are erected Ave have to support those new schools out of this appropriation. Mr. Dempsey. In other words, a^ou are taking on some additional schools at the same time that you are discontinuing others, under this appropriation, owing to the smallness of the attendance? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. In the northwestern country we are grad- ually closing the schools because the country is being developed and the public-school facilities are available for Indians, and we are glad to discontinue the schools under conditions of that character. But in the southwest, in the Navajo country alone, we have over 7,000 Indian children who are absolutely without anj^ school facili- ties whatever, and the Government is under treaty obligation to provide school facilities for those children, and we are doing that gradually. Mr. Elston. Mr. Meritt, the subcommittee of the Committee on Indian Aifairs, which made a visit to the Indian country this last summer, visited, as I remember, a school at Keams Canyon that had been abandoned. The plant there looked as if it were a good one when it was installed, and it seems to me that something ought to be done to take advantage of any salvage that exists there, and to fill that school when the necessity in the Xavajo country is such as you say. What have you to say about that? Mr. ]\Ieritt. It will take considerable money to put that plant in proper repair. The foundations are in a bad state of repair, and it was on account of the weak foundations, making the buildings unsafe for the children, that this plant was closecl. If sufficient money were available to make the necessary repairs, this school would probabW be reopened. INDIAN SCHOOL AND AGENCY BUILDINGS. Mr. Elston. The next item is that of the Indian school and agency buildings, on page 15 : For construction, lea^^e. purchase, repair, and iiuproveiwent of school and agency buildings, including the purcliase of necessary lands and the installation, repair, and iniproven)eiu of heating, lighting, power, and sewerage and water systems in connection therewith, .$400,000 : Provided. That this appropriatit>n shall be available for the payment of salaries and expenses of persons employed in the supervision of construction or repair work of roads and bridges and on school and agency buildings in the Indian Service: Provided further. That the 26630—21 6 82 IXDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Secretary of the Interior is authorized to allow employees in the Indian Service who are furnished quarters, uf^ccssary heat and li;xht for such (luarters witimut charge, such heat and li;rht to h»' paid for out of the fund chartxeahlc witli the cost of heating and lij^htln); other huildin>rs at the same place: And procidrd further. That the amount so expendtvl for a^rency purposes shall not he included in the maximum ani-ounis for compensation of employees prescribed by section ]. act of Au^Mist 24, 11)12. Have vou a justification for the appropriation of $400,000 asked for? Mr. Meiutt. Yes, sir; we offer for the record the following justi- fication : INDIAN SCH«X)L AND AC.KNCY BUILDINGS. Fiscal .rear endirif; .lune 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated 1 ?:^i'>, (XHl. (Hi Fiscal year ended .T tine 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 33.">, (K¥». 00 Amount exi)endetl 293, 48."). 96 Unexpende14. 04 ANALYSIS OF EXPENIUTLTIKS. Salaries, wages, etc IS, S47. 77 Traveling expenses 0. 222. 33 Transportation of supplies 1, r>.")2. 45 Stationery, printing 54. 04 Equipment and miscellaneous material 4, 54S. 44 Construe tion of buildings 39, 587. 19 Itepair of buildings 184.-110.15 \ Kent of buildings 13, S:j:J. 34 ■ ]VIi.scell:inet)US 7. 45 Outstanding liabilities 24,416.80 J 293. 4S5. 9<5 ! This is the approitriation which provides for the upkeep and reptiir of btuld- | ings at the great ma.jority of juri.sdictions and for new construction at those ; l»laces. The value of the jtresent buildings is ai>proximately .f7.5(M),(HM» The ' amount rtHjuested, .$4(M»,(KM), is 5J per cent of the present value of t!ie buildings. ) The amount rw|uest»*5.0(M> more than was allowed in the act j for the current tisi al year. Fuufls have been .so limited ami materials .ind labor ■ so high for llie last two or tiinv years that most plants have suflVred con- • siderable delerioraiion. If nunuM-ous necessary repairs are not made soon many buildings will become unlit for use and the repairs on those remaiidng j will be unusually heavy. I With t!ie present cost of building material and the high labor rates the demands upon this fuml are very great. j r.ulldiiigs in the Indian school .service receive imusiuilly bard usage, and , many of them are frame strucliir«'s. Some being (juite tild, require constant 1 reiMilrs to keep Iheni In use. Some of the.s«' plants have never hei'n compIettHl, j and new buildings to enable the use of the fidl capa<*ity of other depariments ' are required, as wi'll as impi-ovi-menls in heating, lighting, water, and sewer system.s. i .Mr. I)i:.Mi'si;v. .Mr. .Mi'iiii. thi* co.st «)f muteiials such as. for in- ' .stance, lunther, steel, shiii<;le,s, sind the cost of labor for the produc- i tion of luinlter in certain h)calities has «;one down very nnich in 'M) ' or 40 days. For instance, I know of one instance in the Carolinas where a man with a \m*sv luinl>er plant .sold all he had and closed down, lie was paviiijr 10 cents tin hour for his labor, and when he opeiUMJ a;_'ain he opened at iiO cents an hour, which puts his product on an entirely dillereut basis. 1 do lutt think that is wneral, but INDIAN APPEOPRIATION BILL, 1922. 83 I do know that the drop in the price of materials is general, but I doubt "whether the decrease in the cost of labor is general in the lumber industry. Mr. Elston. It is somewhat on the sliding scale downward, and I think it will veach a lower level within the next six months. . Mr. Dempsey. During the time this fund is to be expended. Mr. Meritt. You will observe, gentlemen of the committee, at the bottom of page 15, that we had, in 1912, $425,000 for this work; in 1913, $480,000. It has been $400,000 or over down to 1918. Because of war conditions it was impossible to do any construction, and we made a reduction in this appropriation, but now that the conditions are becoming normal, we must either repair these buildings, or we will have to close some of them, and it seems to me that inasmuch as the Government has invested $7,500,000 in these buildings, it is the part of good business to liaA'e, at least, an appropriation sufficient to keej) them in proper repair. Mr. Dempsey. That is true. Mr. Elstox. Mr. Meritt, have you found that there is any appreci- able decrease in the expense for items of this character, or in afiy other general expense for the Indians, by reason of the fact that the number of restricted Indians is becoming less, or supposedly so, each year, and the number of Indians who are released by reason of allot- ment and clearance of their status is increasing? Should there not be a corresponding relationship between those changing conditions, so as to reflect itself in the Government expenditures? Mr. Dempsey. You mean the same percentage? Mr. Elston. Yes ; if you want to put it that way. Mr. Meritt. That would be true if we had had in prior years, for example, adequate school facilities for all the Indians, but we have been drifting along trying to educate the Indians with a school capacity of 20,000 less than we had children of school age, and we are right now away below the actual capacity for the children avail- able, having to allow 7,000 or 8.000 in the Navajo country alone to go without any school facilities whatever, because we have not the school capacity to care for them. Mr. Elston. When will this decrease in administration overhead begin to show itself hj reason of the gradual liquidation of Indian affairs ? Mr. Meritt. It ought to be begun within the next five years. It is beginning now on some of the reservations. It ought to be begun, for example, in the Five Civilized Tribes within a reasonable time, because the number of Indians under the jurisdiction of the Five Civilized Tribes has materially decreased. Mr. Elstox. Let us take the Five Civilized Tribes, and let us imagine a time when there will be no restricted Indians in the Five Civilized Tribes, where there are, of course, a great many de- pendent Indians, poor Indians, and Indians who are suffering from diseases, such as trachoma and tuberculosis. Is it contemplated that when we reach this point of zero in regard to real wards of the Government, that you will then ignore their necessitates and put it up to the State to take care of them or to the tribes or to voluntary associations ? Mr. MDeritt. That will be the policy of the Indian Bureau, unless Congress otherwise directs. On April 26, 1931, all restrictions will 84 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. go off of the Indians in the Five Civilized Tribes, and, unless Con- gress otherwise directs, the Government expenditures in the F'ive Civilized Tril)es will cease and the agencies there will close. Mr. Elston. Du you expect to pursue the same plan or is the same plan possible with regard to other tribes in other localities as they approach this point of having no restricted Indians^ Mr. Mkhitt. Yes. sir: we are gradually attaining that conditi(»n on reservations and within the next 1;") years I believe that in the northwest a large nunibei- of agencies and schools will have been closed. Mr. Elston. Is the bureau at this time trying to initiate on it.> part any movement among these unrestricted Indians, to get them to make a beginning for self-sufficiency, so that they will be ready for the time when all Indians are unrestricted in their tribes, and when they will be called upon to take care of themselves ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir : we are throughout our agency forces, on all these reservations, trying to impress upon the Indians that the time is fast approaching when they Avill be thrown ujion their own resources and responsibilities, and they will have to work and make their living the same as the white men do. Mr. Hastings. I will ask if this is not also true, Mr. Meritt. that when you dealt with the tribe as a tribe, it was much less expensive from a Government standpoint than to deal with the tribes as in- dividuals? For instance, when you dealt with the Five Civilized I Tribes as tribes, you had a very small force in the Indian Territory which is now a ])art of Oklahoma, but when you began the allotment of land and dealing with the members as individuals, it took ten times or one hundred times as many men to deal with the 101,000 members of the Five Civilized Tribes than it did to deal with the Five Tribes themselves? Mr. Meritt. That is true, Mr. Hastings. And it is true of all the other tribes. It is much more expensive to deal with them while you are allot ing their lands, and to look after the individual members of the tribe, than it is to deal with tliem in a tribal ca])acitv prioi' tt) the allotment of their lands? Mr. Meritt. That is true, but every process in the winding up of the affairs of the Indians necessitates more em])loyees. For t'xample. in the Sioux country, before the individual allotments, we only required a few agency employees, but now that we have divided up the lands into individual holdings it is our duty to look after the restricted Indians, to see that their indivdual property rights are protected, and to see that they are ])rotected in making leases, in the sale of th«Mi* individual lands, and in the issuing of patents in fee. There is an enormous detail connected with the winding up of the * affaii's of the Indians of the F^uited States. Mr. Hastings. I thiidc one of the best illustrations will perhaps be the Osages. Prior to the passage of the allotment act, which was in UXK'i. as 1 now recall, you had an agent at j)erhaps $1,500 a year, and peilia|)s Ihree oi- foiii- Indian |)oliceiuen ait $."50 or $40 a month. Tlie aggregate cost was not j)erhai)s over $.'?.000 or $4,000. I think we spend now something like $2'>(),0()() or niore in payin7 Telegraph and telephone service 143.00 .Miscellaneous 140.94 72. 000. 00 Attention is Invited to the recent increase in railroad passenger transporta- tion of 20 per cent and to the increase of r»0 per (vnt for Pullman service. These increases will, of course, constitute a definite expense to the Indian school .service above what has i)eeii the case prior to this time. The result will be Uiat a much smaller number of pu|iiis can be enrolled and transporte«l to the Indian boartling .schools, chielly nonn'servation schools, and returneil home at the end of their terms of enrollment. There are appn>ximately as many chlldi<'n to be so returned each year as have been brought to the school. \\\ law there has been lixed a limitation as to the amount of money which can be exjiended for supjiort and education of each pupil and in order to earn this amount it is necessary for th<' sciiools to obtain pupils. However, a more im|)ortant reason is perhaps that the Indian OMice is making every etTort to till all of its schools to their utmost cai)aclty In order that only as snuill a num- ber as possible of Indian children shall remain without educational facilities. An active 1111(1 conlliiuous eHurt is being made to enroll these \ndetten>d <'hn- dren, and this campal!,'n will be .seriously afTe<'ted if transportation funds are IXDIAN APPROPRIATIOiSr BILL, 1922. 87 not ample. In this connection it slionld be said that transportation for the chiUlren has been required of the parents in cases where the family is flnan- cially able to meet the expense. The matter is especially important in the Southwest where large ninubers of Nava.ios and other Indian children have never been in any school. Just at this time the service has been successful in inducing considerable numbers of these children to go to Sherman Institute. Phoenix, Albuciuerque, and Santa Fe, and it is quite within the bounds of possibility that it may be advisable to send them as far as Chilocco and Haskell if the nearer schools become tilled. It is not logical to maintain Indian schools and not then provide means for filling them with pupils. The amount allowed for the fiscal year 1921, viz, ^68,000. of which .$5,000 is appropriated for placing Indian youths in positions of employment, will not be sufficient for the needs of this year. Such moneys will be supplemented to some extent by " Indian moneys, proceetls of labor " earned or produced at the several schools, but the latter moneys are meager and superintendents who are hard put to maintain their schools require such funds for other purposes. Balances reported as of October 1 of any year are somewhat large in many- cases, as many claims are not settled until after that date. Mr. Meritt. We are asking for an increase in this appropriation from $68,000, ^vhich we had last year, to $90,000. Of course, the Indian Service has got to pay the incieased cost of transportation as well as everyone else. OBTAIXIXG EMrLOY3HEXT FOR IXDIAX YOUTHS. ^Ir. Elstox. I notice that there is a clause here [reading] : That not exceeding .$.5,000 of this sum may be nsed for obtaining remunerative employment for Indian youths and, when necessary, for payment of transporta- tion to their places of employment. In such cases, if remunerative employment is obtained, do you get back the transportation cost ? ^Ir. Meritt. "Whenever we can. We get the Indians of the South- west to go to the beet fields of Colorado and do work there, and we also have been able to get Indian boys into automobile factories and other factories in the North. By this means we have made some Indian boys absolutely self-supporting and independent of the Government, and we also require them to refund the money wherever they are able to do it. jNIr. Elstox. Do j-ou keep books on these refunds and what becomes of such refunds ? Mr. Meritt. They go back into the Treasurv^ > Mr. Elstox. Is there a history of such collections? Mr. Meritt. I doubt if we have kept a complete history of them. That appropriation has been carried in the Indian bill for a number of years, and it has been the means of getting employment for a large number of Indians. JSIr. Elstox. You regard the employment as being in the nature of education at the same time? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir: I think tbe money is well invested, because we are gradually getting these Indians to become self-supporting. Mr. Elstox. I see, in addition to transporting pupils to and from the Indian public schools, that you apply this appropriation for transporting them to places where white families shall take care of them and give them education. What does that mean? Mr. Meritt. We have what is known as an outing system at some of the schools, and we get the bovs to go on farms during their 88 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. vacation and work for white farmers, and by that means they learn actual farminx- penses of such matrons, and for furnishin^r necessary ements and supplies and rentinjr (pnirters for them where nei-essary ; for the eonduetin>r of ex- periments on Indian school or ajreiicy farms desi^'ned to test the possibilities d school farmers now employed : for necessary traveliuir expenses of sueh farmers and stockmen and for furnishin}; neces.rvation in Wis- consin: I'roridrtl fiirlhcr. That not to exc«H'd .$ir),00() «)f the amount lierelu appropriated shall be used to conduct (>xi)erlnients on Indian school or ajrency farms to test the possibilities of soil and climate In the cultivation of irtH's, cotton, Kniln, veuetables, and fruits; I'luiiiltil «;/.vo. That tli«' amounts paid to nuitrons. foresters, faiiiiers. physicians, nurses, and other liositltal employ«H's. and stockmen provided for In tills act sindl not be Inclndetl within the limi- tiitions on salaries and compensation of eniplovees contained in the act of Aupist 'J4, lUlJ. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 89 Mr. Meritt. Mr. Chairman, we are asking for the same amount as was appropriated in last year's bill, and we offer for the record the following justification : Industrial irork and care of timber. Fiscal year ending .Tune 30. 1921. amount appropriated .$460,000.00 Fiscal year ended .Tune 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 475, 000. 00 Amount expended 437,667. 7.5 Unexpended balance 37,332.25 Analysis of e.iqienditures. I* Salaries, wages, etc $320, 626. 61 1 Traveling expenses 24,024.71 ! Transportation of supplies 431. 33 Telegraph and telephone service 390. 84 I Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies .524. 64 i Subsistence supplies 4,097.51 I Dry goods, clothing, etc 479.40 I Forage 24, 7,32. 44 I Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 12, 271. 86 ] Medical supplies, etc 568. 29 j lA\e stock 1,045.00 I Equipment and miscellaneous material 21, 209. 25 ! Rent of buildings 4,165.48 ! Miscellaneous 502. .53 ! Outstanding liabilities 22,597.86 437, 667. 75 Expended on account of agriculture and stock 234,050.23 Expended on account of field matrons 64, 661. 55 Expended on account of forestry 101,311.73 Expended on account of experimentation 15. 046. 38 This appropriation is known as " Industrial work and care of timber " and is apportioned under four general headings, descriptive of the different activities involved, viz : (1) Agriculture and stock, (2) experimentation, (3) field matrons, and (4) forestry. For the sake of clearness, each of the four sections of this appropriation is justified separately. Afiricnltvre and stock. " For the employment of practical farmers anfl stockmen, in addition to the agency and school farmers now employed ; for necessary traveling expenses of such farmers and stockmen and for furnishing necessary equipment and sup- plies for them ; and for superintending and directing farming and stock raising among Indians." The greater portion of this part of the appropriation is necessarily expended for salaries, equipment, and traveling expenses of farmers and stockmen who work among the Indians on the different reservations, directing and supervising their farm, live-stock, and other industrial activities. On the larger reserva- tions, where more than one farmer is employed, it is customary to divide the reservation into districts and station a farmer permanently in each, usually in Government quarters, and to provide him with transportation facilities, so that he can travel about among the Indians in his district, thereby keeping in close touch with their industrial activities. Each farmer is expected to be per- sonally acquainted with every Indian family in his district and thoroughly familiar with their industrial condition, needs, and resources, so as to be in a position to help them to get the best results from their efforts toward self- support. It is the duty of the farmer to instruct the Indians as to proper methods of preparing the soil, planting, caring for, and harvesti-ng their crops ; the use of modern agricultural machinery : the buildiaig and equipment of their homes; and, in general, to advise them in all phases of their industrial activities, with the view of promoting their civilization and self-support. 90 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. The item also provides for " necessary etiuipnient and supplies " for farmers and stofiimen paid from tliis ainiropriatioii. Tiiis includes transportaion ctjuii>. nient (such as teams, hu^ifiies, and automobiles), harness, forape, etc. With rlie present hijrh prices of grrain and fora^re of all kinds the cost thereof has been irreatl.v increased over i>revious years, thus rero])riation. and 42 from other funds, a total of 82 stockmen to supervi.se the live-stixili, interests of the Indians. Fanners and utocknien paid from " Industi'ial work and care of timber." Salary. $1,320. 1,200. 1,100. 1,000. 900. 840. 800. 780. 720. 600. 480. 300. Total. Farmers. Num- ber. 1 16 5 21 56 15 10 17 145 Total. <1,320 19,200 5,500 21,000 50,400 12,600 7,800 12,240 1,200 131,260 Stockmen. Num- ber. 7 1 6 16 1 1 3 2 1 2 40 Total. $1,400 1,100 6,000 141,400 840 800 2,240 1,440 600 960 36,780 Grand total.* Jl.:i2 27 . !'*'> 1. tA' 2T,i« IVI ^ M i:f.44 (ii >» 1,2< 16->,0. Farmers and stockmen paid from other funds. Agency. Blackfeet. Do Cantonment. Cheyenne and Ara- pahoe. Cnovenne River . . . "Do Do Choctaw (Missis- sippi). CofUi d'Alene Colville Crow Do Crow Creek Flathead Do Do Fort Apache.., Do Do Fort Holkni\p., Do Fori Hrrlhuld. Do Do Farmers. Stockmen. No. Salary. $900 840 840 900 '"'726; 900 900 1,200 900 900 i.aoo 1,000 900 1,000 780 1,000 MO 7% 1,000 Total. $900 840 840 900 "726 900 900 2,400 4,500 900 1,300 1,000 900 1,000 780 1,000 840 790 1,000 No Salary. $1,200 600 1,200 900 Fund. 1,800 1,100 900 1,000 900 1,000 1.400 900 1,000 730 730* Total. I I $1,200 , Support of Indians, Blackfeet .VRoncj I Mont. i 600 ; Do. i j Intorost on Cheyennes and .\iapahoes V Oklahoma fuiid. 1 , Proceeds of Cheyenne and .Vrapah(« lir I serve lanr such work in the Indian Service is .'.t Sacaton, on the Pima Reservation, in Arizona, conducted under a cooperative agreement with the Department of Agriculture. Many useful plants h.ive been developed, and these are beneficial not only to the Indians of the re,>oses. In aiidition tests. :irc iieiiig iiiatle with I'eruviau alfalfa, Mexican .Tune corn, Uerniuda onions, fruits, nuts (particularly the pecan), trees, and forage plants. All expeiinienlaj dati> farm li;:s been established at Palm Springs, on the. .Maiki Ueseivalion, in California, in coojieration with llie HnifMu of Plants Indnslry of ilie Iidled Stales I »e|)iirtment of .Vgricullnre. for the pnrpo.se of developing suilable varieties of date palms adajtted to that locality, the ex- jH'nses of which are met from this appropriation. KIKl.n .M.\TRONS. " Foi- flic employment of snilalile jui-sons as matrons to teach Indian womenj and girls lionsekwping and other lious«'hold duties, and for ftirnlsliing netvs.sar.v e(|nlpme!d and siipiilics an<1 rentinir i|uartei-s foi- theni wliei-e necessary." It Is the dniy of tli<> Held matrons to visit the Indian wdincu in their liomes iiIhI to ifive tbeni connscl. encourageineid, and lielj) in the general care of the honse and sniroiiiidlngs. hygiene, aial sanitation: the pr»M>aration .•ind serving of food: the keeping and cnre of domestic animals, Inehidliig dairy st that! INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 93 will promote the civilization of the Indians, particularly with respect to their home life and surroundings. The industrial progress of the Indians is largely dependent upon their health. Thousands of dollars are expended each year for promoting education, civiliza- tion, and self-support among the Indians and for physicians and hospitals for the treatment of disease. But all this vast expenditure will result in little personal benefit to the Indians if they do not have the health and strength neces- sary to do their part in carrying out this extensive industrial progress. In this important work tlie field matron occupies a necessary and vital place. Field inairoii. ijahl from " [ndvstrial trork and cure of timber." Salary. Number. Total. $840 4 45 5 3 8 1 $3,360 $720 32,400 $660 3,300 $600 1,800 $300 2,400 $150 - ^ 150 Total 66 43,410 FOEESTRY. '• For the purposes of i)reserviiig liv ng and growing tin'.ber on Indian reser- vations and allotments, and to educate Indians in the proper care of forests." This part of the appropriation supports the forestry activities of the Indian Service. In addition to the salaries and wages pad therefrom, provision must also be made for forage and other supplies, teams, harness, saddles, etc. ; for the constructidii and repair of roads, trails, and teleplione Ines; and for an emergency fire-fighting fund. General supervision. Position. Chief supervisor Supervisor Do Forest topographer Forest examiner . . . Do Lumberman Cruiser Forest assistant Do Do Total Per diem Number. Salary. and e.x- penses. Total. $3,500 .$1,000 $4,500 2,000 1, 500 3,500 2,000 1,200 3,200 1,700 1,200 2,900 1,600 1,000 2,600 1,600 1,000 2,600 2,250 950 3,200 1,700 900 2,600 1,400 800 2,200 1,200 700 1,900 1,100 500 1,600 11 20, 050 10, 750 30, 800 94 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. aC V a£ ^ X X ; ;2 = ; Igggggsgggggsggg: .-^. ti S 3C ?i £ ^ "-'i 5 •-> « >i 2 -r a. ^ £ :c S S ^ S 5 ; 5 M re ?i -- : :^aK?rjaq3C3eJ-;y=cae,T:^ f -c 5 i- i- S 56 « ■^ i~ is ■ ^ r< ^Mco-" e^o «C><-« •-•M"»" 1- c 3 a. o O o n o K o 8 SS «1- 8 8 88 Si 888 ;s8 88 S 88 SS 82 88 888 SS8 C3 3 c 8 a o Eh O B O s 3 (4 o gsgggsi? C^ iC C-l 31 -r CT> Cl ^H 88888888 SS8gSi2gg CJ to M CS X « ■£ ~5 .-100 • rl O N « 1-1 8888 88SS ?=?=?= ^ 88888 n toc^ to -^ r- OS •-<"'< gsggsgggggi g 5 ac 3K 5 s "^ 8 1 - S S 8 •^ 2 £ 25 i"^ r^ 25 25 rt -^ 35 ^ ggggggggggg S' .c t.-^ c — »^ '^' »-*' >^ Q *-'^ 1- 1- 2 tc t- 1- 1- 1- at >^ «c^ 0IC4t-4>HM>4x'-O4C0MC9 i « 5i,;:a o c o a - o^ Ox =■§> I -II J ■fi ES .._ :rOOrtOSO-s-- « • S e .£ 1 « K X J. 7. r- i- t- india:s" appropriation bill, 1922. 95 sSSSiS SK 2 = £ 5 OC9 £ = g ."?: lt: X X i-^ 20 >» : : : : : a . . : . I :.^ : : : 1 I ;? ^ o _ c ,- 13 =3 C = C -^ .2 3 ?= ;S>^ o 96 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Mkrht. Yoii will observe. Mr. Chairman and jrentlemen or tlie committee, that tliis is rather an inchisive item in the Indian bill. It takes care of the inthistrial work — also the work of matrons, ex- perimentation, and forestry work. That item for experimentation, while the appropriation is small, has been of very jgrreat benefit to the Indians as well as the white people of this country. As the' result of experimentation at Sacaton. Ariz., they have developed what is known as the l()n to encourage them to do agricultural work. | Mr. Elston. That is to say, that if there were an Indian farmer,? or, at least, a farmer employed by the bureau, going about his workj in 1912 and in.sti'ucting. we will say, an individual Indian farmer in the way he should begin, and thereafter continuing for eight years in the supervision of that one farmer, that that farmer has not yet reached the stage where he can go on with his operations without the continuing care of this supervi.sor ? Mr. Meritt. Some of the Indian farmers ha\t' developed to the point where they do not re(|uii"e the suihm'\ ision of these white farmei's emi)loyed by the (lovernment. i»ut a lai'ge luunber of (he Indians do re(|uiie that supervision. Mr. Eeston. Would you not say, Mr. Meiitt, that if the average attendance of the.se farmers to the needs of the individual Indian farmers would be. we will say. (liife years, that that would be a suflicient period to stay with the Indian faiiner .so as to get him .stalled right, and if that is not a suHicient peiiod. that it means that somebody must stand right at the elliow of this Indian fanner for all lime, tit keep hiui straight? } IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 97 Mr. Meritt, The Indian has not been working regularly for a very long time. Forty years ago he was hunting and fishing. Mr. Elston. That is not true of all Indians. Of course, a great many of them, such as the Pueblos, have been engaged in farming for hundreds of years. Mr. Meritt. That is true, but I am talking about the large num- ber of Indians who have not been accustomed to daily labor until :,jji, recent years. They nmst be encouraged to keep at it, otherwise they ttft-ti will not accomplish the results desired. Mr. Elstox. Do you feel that that is a continuing affair? Mr. Meritt. Xo. sir; it is not a continuing affair, because a large number of the Indians are receiving their patents in fee, and they are going out from under the jurisdiction of the Government, and we are not giving them any further assistance, but there are young Indians coming along all the time, and they need the supervision, and on these reservations they have usually anywhere from 1,500 to 2,000 Indians, and you will notice in the white communities they I are employing supervisory farm agents to even encourage the white farmers in producing better crops. In every active, live commimity in the United States they are employing county farm agents, and they are even employing women to supervise the affairs of the women j and do demonstration work among the white people with good , results. ^ ' Mr. Elstox. Do you not think that at least in the matter of emula- tion alone, if you get one or two good Indian farmers started in this , , j eight years' course of culture, that they then are p^-actically a leaven among the others to put them in the right way of farming, which Avould obviate the need of continuing this supervision all the time? Mr. Meritt. They help materially. These farmers also are sub- , ' j agents. On some of these reservations the area is as large as some of ■ ' the Xew England States, and it is impossible for the superintendent to keep in close touch with the individual Indians, and it would be I wrong to ask an Indian, for example, on the eastern part of the Pine Ridge Reservation, every time he wanted to do some business with the Government, to ride ^O miles to the agency headquarters. It is , I better to have these large reservations divided up into farming dis- tricts. The farmer not only supervises the affairs of the Indian's farming and industrial actiA'ities in that immediate area, but he acts as a subagent and does a great many other things besides supervising the farmers. ^Ir. Elstox. Are these farmers scattered pretty well over every [j reservation ? ' Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elstox. Have 3'ou placed these farmers and stockmen that you speak of on every reservation? II Mr. Meritt. We have 217 farmers throughout the Indian Service ■ and 42 stockmen. Mr. Elstox. What is the total salary of these 217 farmers? ilr. Meritt. We pay the farmers anywhere from $720 to $1,000. Mr. Elstox. So it would be around a $200,000 annual expense out of this appropriation ? Mr. ^NIeritt Yes, sir: out of that appropriation. There are 145 of those farmers and 40 of those stockmen that are paid out of this par- 26630—21 1 98 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. ticiilar approj^iiation. There are some items in the other parts of the bill for the support and civilization of Indians on particular reserva- tions, and we use a part of those appropriations for the salaries of the farmers. Mr. Elston. Are an^'^ of these farmers in the Oklahoma country ( Mr. Mekitt. There are some in western Oklahoma and some in the Five Civilized Tribes. Mr. P^LsTOX. Are the farmers bein: force in such a way as to supply th< greatest needs and to leave untouched the territories that can h dispense with the farmers? Mr. Dempsey. Before you answer that let me make a suggestio if you will. I have been a practical farmer for 25 years, in connec tion with a partner, who devotes his whole time to it and is paid salarj', and I have had this man constantly under my oliservntion.| Your question is twofold. First, it is not contemplatetl at all tha this experimental work is absolutely invaluable. I am sure that i the county of Niagara, one of the greatest fruit-producing count in in the world, we would not have any fruit to-day except for the work of the experimental stations, and to illustrate that in a very simple way, the center line of the county east and west marks the fruit sec- tion, that to the north being fruit and that to the south being hay and grain. There are individual farms south of that division line scattered here and there which produce fruit not quite as well, because of a' difference of climatic conditions, but so far as soil conditions are concerned, just as well as the land to the north, but the individual faimer south of the dividing line, not .seeing the methods of cultuii followed by those to the north of the line, rarely, and almost never^ takes the j)i()per cai-e of his orchards, with the result that he does not* grow a pr()lital)le crop. So where a man is remoM-d from the centeii of observation, where he can look on all sides of him ami see the' results of the improved methods, if he is a white man, an energetii man, an Anglo-Saxon, he does not observe the new methods, he doejl not prolit by them, and he fails in the race. So that I can not speal^j too highly of the benefit of that experimentation to the farmers a.'j such. Now you come to your second (]t>estion, which is an eutirclv ditfer- cut (|uestioii. I do not know how far the United States should d( this for tlic Indians. 1 am speaking of the results for the couutrj IXDIAX APPROPPJATIOlSr BILL, 1922. 99 and for agriculture of such experimentation and the employment of such farmers. The second question is one that can well be debated, and I think that any attempt to reduce the appropriation made upon the basis of the Government Imiiting its activities and with the idea that those activities will be supplied for the future either by the tribes themselves or by the State authorities Mr. Elstox (interposing). That joins riglit in with my question to this extent : I made it in such a way as to inquire whether you could spread the employees in the territory least served by these other agencies Mr. Dempsey has mentioned. In a great many of tlie States where these reservations are located there are county officers, field agents of the Department of Agriculture, and the agents of the State departments of agriculture engaged in this instruction work and supervision work, not all over the Indian country, but there are surely some counties comprising the Indian territory where the Indians have indivily to the stockman as to necessity and usefulness^ Mr. Meritt. As to the stockman. T want to say that I believe tin the tribal herds should be gradually decreased. It has always bee my view that Indians should be developed along indiviilual line rather than along tribal lines, and while I have no criticism to mal of what has l)een done in the j^ast in regard to tribal herds. T thin the sooner these tribal herds are prorated amor.g the individu; Indians and the sooner we devote our time to the individual Indiji and develop his individual stock rather than attempting to condu these large tribiil lien'is on these reservations the better off tl, Indian will be. ; Mr. Elston, The committee made a little investigation into th tribal herds of the Crow Agency, and I think it was their condusit after an examination of the supei'intendent that it was very \n policy to maintain that herd. I bi'licM* they made direct recoinme dations to the bureau upon that. What is the bureau doing? Mr. Mi'.itn'T. AVe have very materially reduced the Crow triL herd in the last year. At one time they liad as many as 17.000 catt in that hei'd. It has been reduced now to between 7.000 and 8,0( and under the pro\isions of the Crow bill, which was passed li .hine. we will |)rorate the hei'd and di\id<' the cattle among t (•onij)etent Indians who are able to take caie of the stock. Mv. Ei-sT(tN. Do you see any i)ossibilitv of reducing: the lunnl of stockmen pi-ovided for in this bill? .Mr. .Mi'.inrr. I lliink in another year we can I'ediice the number stockmen in the Indian counti-y, liccunse I thiid< the tribal hei J will be materially reduced. Mr. Dkmi'sky. How many arc there now? mi ;33 INDIAN APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. 101 Mr. Meritt. There are 82 stockmen altofrether. Mr. Elstox. Their duties are supposed to be of expert character in advising as to new breeds and new strains and with regard to the expert care of stock. I assume. Mr, Meritt. Not altogether. They go right into the tribal herd and take care of these cattle. We have got to have good men in charge of these tribal herds, or they will go to pieces very quickly. Mr. Elstox. How many tribal herds are there? Mr. Meritt. We have about 18 tribal herds. Mr. Elstox. On the whole, do you believe that the records of most of these tribal herds would bear better scrutiny than the records of the Crow Agency ? Mr. Meritt. Xo. sir : I do not. I think they will not make a better showing on other reservations than they make on the Crow Agency. I think we can gradually prorate all these tribal herds among the Indians. ]\Ir. Dempset. By prorate you mean allot and divide? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Hastix'gs. You are not authorized to sell and divide the money among them : you would have to prorate ? Mr. Meritt. For the Crow reservation the law specifically directs us to pro rata the herd. ^ Friday, December, 17, 1920. Mr. Elstox'. Mr. Merritt, yesterday you divided this topic of in- dustrial work and care of timber into four divisions for discussion, and. as I remember, thev were what? Mr. Meritt. Agriculture and stock, experimentation, field matrons, ^1 and forestry. qfalificatioxs required of farmers. ]SIr. Elstox"^. Yesterday we devoted most of our discussion to the subtopic of agriculture and stock. I want to ask you, Mr. Meritt, 1 whether the farmers that we discussed yesterday have to attain a J certain degree of special education, or qualify" as experts in their line, before their appointment? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. ^LSTOX'. What qualifications do you exact of these farmers ^1 before appointment ? Mr. Meritt. We require them to be practical farmers, and we also require that they furnish a certificate showing their qualifications from an agricultural school either in the State where they are to be employed, or in an adjoining State. That is a matter of law. Mr. Elstox'. Does that mean that they have to be graduates of an agricultural school? Mr. Meritt. No, sir. Mr. Elstox". It means that they have to satisfy the dean of the school of their qualifications? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Elstox'. Does he make any examination of them before he gives the certificate? 4 102 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr, Meritt, Yes, sir; they certainly should not issue a certificate without a knowledf^e of the qualifications of the party. Mr. Elston. Offhand can you state about what that certificate con- tains? Mr. Meritt. They certify that the applicant has the required ajjri- cultural knowledge to fill the position of a farmer in the Indian Service, and also state his experience and qualifications. Mr. Elston. Is that true of the stockmen also? Mr. Meritt. No, sir. We endeavor to employ stockmen who have had actual experience in that work. Mr. Elston. Would it be convenient for you to set out a table in connection with this subtopic of agriculture and stock, showing the distribution of these farmers and stockmen on reservations and the amounts paid them? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir ; the information requested is as follows : Farmers, Indian Service. Location. AVbuquerque, N. Mex . Blackfeet, Mont Do. Do Campo, Calif Camp Verde, Ariz . Cantonment, Okla. Do Carson, Nov Cherokee, N. C. Cheyenne and Arapaho, Okla. Do Do. Cheyenne River, S. Dak. Do Do Chilocco, Okla Do Choctaw, Miss Coeurd'Alcne, Idaho. Colorado Uiver, Ariz.. Do Colvillc, Wash. Do Crow AKOiicy, Mont. Do.. Do Crow Crook, 8. Dak Do. DiKt;or Imlliins, Ciilifoniio Fullun ,\ Mt'iicy . Nov KlvoClvilUedTribos, Oklahoma Do Do Do Klikixlioiiu, H. l)nk.. 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 I 1 3 1 1 :! 1 , u 1 1 1 : 1 1 $840 900 1,100 900 720 840 720 840 1,000 1,000 S4<) 840 840 900 720 720 1,2!)0 72.1 9i)0 900 900 1,000 1,200 yOO 900 900 140 900 720 l,IMJ() MO 1 . -'(HI l.KMI l,a2() 1,0»H) 810 Fund. Industrial school, Albuquerque, N. Mex., 1921. Support of Indians, Blackfeet Agencv, Mont., 1921. Industrial work and care of timLer, 1921 (A. and S.). Do. Do. Do. Interest on Cheyenne and Arapaho in Oklalioms 3 per cent fund, support, 1921. Indian school, Carson City, Nev., 1921. Industrial work and care of timber, 1921 (A. and S.). Indian schools, support, 1921. Industrial work and care of timler, 1921 (A. , and S.). I Proceeds of Cheyenne and Arapaho reserve land ' (support), 1921. Indian money.s, proceeds of (1921) labor, Cheyi • Kiver Indiau.s, support. Interest on Cheyenne Kiver Reservation 3 i cr , cent fund (support, 1921). ^ Industrial work and care of timber, 1921 (A. and S. ). Indian school, Chilocco, Okla., 1921. { Do. Relief of Choctaws in Missijisippi, 1921. ' Cocur d'.Menc 3 j>er cent fund (,supi>ort, 1921). Indian schooLs, sujiiwrt, 1921. Industrial work and care of limler, 1921 (A. ( and S.). , I Indiiui moneys, proceeds of labor, Colvillc Indians • (su|>i)ort, 1921). industrial work ami care of timber, 1921 ( A. & 8.). Indian moneys, proreods of labor. Crow Indians t (support, 1921). f Two-thirds charged to ajrency and one-tliinl to Indian moneys, proceeds oi labor. Crow huli;iiis. ( Indian moneys, pro-.-eods of labor. Crow lndi:insj (support, 1921). Suj>i>()rt of .•'ioux of Jilfi'.o;!! tribes, l-mi>. etc., s. Dak.. I9.'l. Indian work and care of timber, 1921 (.\. & S.). Do. Do. 1 Do. I Do. ; Do. Do. ! Imli 111 s. I1...1I t'liiilu' I D.ik I'tiM ' Asslstout. ■i'} m 'lias INDIAN APPEOPEIATION BILL, 1922. Farmers, Indian Service — Continued. 103 Location. Flathead, Mont. Do To Fort A;: ache, Ariz. . . to Do Fort Belknap, Mont. Do Fort Berthold, N. Dak. ir^Lj Do Fort Bidwell, Calif Num- ber. Do Fort Hall, Idaho Do... Do Do Fort Lapwal, Idaho. Do. Fort Mojave, Ariz Fort Peck, Mont Do — . Do tort Totten, N. Dak. Do Fort Yiuna, Calif ^ Do Genoa, Nebr "rand Rapids, Wis... lay ward. Wis ;oopa Valley, Calif... ilia, X. Mex Do Do Keshena, Wis Do Do Kickapoo, Kans Do Kiowa, Okla Do Do Do Klamath, Oreg Do Do Do Do Lac du Flambeau, Wis. Do LaPomte, Wis Do.... Leech Lake, Minn Leupp, Ariz Do Cx)wer Brule, S. Dak. . . Mescalero, N. Mex. Do Do Moapa River, Nev Moqui, -A^riz Mount Pleasant, Mich '. '. Navajo, Ariz Do Do Do : Nevada, Nev... Do. N. Pueblos, N. Mex Do..... Omaha, Nebr. Osage, Okla Salarv. Fund. 900 1,000 900 900 840 1,000 1,000 720 780 1,200\ &40/ 900 1,000 1,000 780 900 900 900 900 900 1,200 900 800 1,000 720 1,000 840 780 900 720 720 1,200 1,000 900 900 660 720 900 1,000 840 900 900 1,000 900 900 900 900 900 $1,200 Indian moneys, proceeds of labor, Flathead In- dians (support, 1921). 1,000 Do. 900 Do. 900 Indian School (support, 1921). 780 Support Indians in Arizona, 1921. 1,200 Industrial work and care of timber, 1921 (A. & S.). 1,000 Indian mone.vs, proceeds of labor. Fort Belknap Indians (support, 1921). 840 Do. 1, 000 Indian moneys, proceeds of labor. Fort Berthold Indians (support, 1921). 720 Do. 900 .S600 from "Indian school. Fort Bidwell, Calif., 1921," and .?300 from "Industrial work and care of timber," 1921 (A. and S.). Industrial work and care of timber, 1921 (A. and S.). Indian schools support, 1921. Support of Bannocks, Emp., Idaho, 1921. Industrial work and care of timber, 1921 (A. and S.). Do. Indian moneys, proceeds of labor, Nez Perce In- dians, Idaho (support, 1912). Relieving of distress, and prevention,, etc., of diseases among Indians, 1921 (Fort Lapwai Sanitorium). Indian school. Fort Mojave, Ariz., 1921. Support of Indians, Fort Peck Agency, Mont., 1921. Indian moneys, proceeds of labor, Fort Peck Indians (support, 1921). Indian school. Fort Totten, X. Dak., 1921. Industrial work and care of timber, 1921 (A. and S.). Do. Do. Indian school, Genoa, Nebr., 1921. Industrial work and care of timber, 1921 (A. and S.). Do. Do. Do. Do. Support of Indians in New Mexico, 1921. Interest on Menominee log fund. Interest on Menominee log fvmd (support, 1921). Industrial work and care of timber, 1921 (A. and S.). Do. Do. Do. Do. Indian schools, support, 1921. Do. Indian moneys, proceeds of labor, Klamath Indians (support, 1921). Do. Do. Do. Indian schools, support, 1921. Do. Industrial work and care of timber, 1921 (A. and S.). Do. Do. Chippewa in Minnesota fund, 1921. Industrial work and care of timber, 1921 (A.andS.). Do. Do. Support of Indians in New Mexico, 1921. Do. Industrial work and care of timber, 1921 (A. and 3.) Do. Indian school. Mount Pleasant, Mich., 1921. Support of Indians, .\rizona, 1921. Indian schools, support, 1921. Industrial work and care of timber, 1921 (A . and S .) . Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Indian moneys, proceeds of labor, Osage Agency, 1921. 840 780 780 900 1,000 900 720 900 1,000 1,000 1.200 104 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, Fannns. hufiau Scrricr — Tontiiuietl. Location. Pala, Calif Do Pala, Calif. ( Pechanpa) Pawnee, Okia , Do Do Pawnee. Olcla. (Ponca-Sub A). Pawnee. Okla. (Tonkawa Dis.) Do Do Phoenix, Am Pima, Ariz Do Do Pierre, S. Dak Pima.S. Dak Pine Kidpe, S. Dak Do... l^ipestone, Minn Pueblo Bonito, X. Mex Qiiapaw Agency, Okla Rapid City, S. Dak Red Cliff, Minn Red Lake, Minn Do Rocky Boy's Agency Rosebud, S. Dak Do , Sac and Fox, Iowa Do Salt River, Ariz San Carlos, Ariz Do Do Do .'!an Juan, N. Mex Do Do Do Do Seger, Okla Do Sells, Ariz Sherman Institute, Calif Shawnee, Okla Do Shoshone, Wyo Do Do Sisseton, S. Dak Do Sol>oba-Sub, Calif, (mission)... S. Pueblos, N. Me.x 8. Utc, Colorado Spokane, VViush Standing Hock, N. Dak Do Do Do 'I'lilioluh, WB.sh Tomiih, Wisconsin Do Tongue River, .Mont I)o Do Do Truxton Cimon, Arli $1,200 900 720 900 900 7.S0 1.000 7S0 720 900 1,200 1,200 1,200 900 900 1,200 900 900 900 780 900 900 720 900 900 1,200 Fund. 900 I 900 I I 1,200 ! 1.200 780 1,000 900 H40 r>to <«J0 1.2(K» 1.00(1 yoo 720 840 720 1,200 , 9.iO I 900 900 I 720 1 720 810 720 9(X) 1,(M)(I 1,000 1,000 900 900 7S0 840 1,000 I.IKNI WM) 720 900 900 840 000 Industrial work and care of timber, 1921 (K. and S.). Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Support of Pawnees. "schools. Oklahoma. 1921. Support of Poncas. Oklahoma, 1921: »700 payable from "(Jeneral expense.*, Indian SerWce, 1921." Indian school. Phoenix, .\riz., 1921. Industrial work and care of timl)er. 1921 ( .\ . and S. ). Do. Do. Indian school, Pierre, S. Dak.. 1921. Indian schools, support, 1921. Education, Sioux Nation. S. Dak., 1921. Indu.strial work and care of timber. 1921 (.V. and S.). Indian school, Pipestone, Minn.. 1921. Indian schools, support, 1921. General expenses, Indian Service. 1921. Indian school. Rapid City, S. Dak., 1921. Indu.strial work and care of timl)er, 1921 (A. and S.) Do. Chippewa in Minnesota fund, 1921. Support of Rocky Roy's Band of Chippewas and other Indians, Montana, 1921. Industrial work and c.ire of lim1>er, 1921 (A. and S.). Rosebud Reservation 3 per cent fund (support 1921). Industrial work and care of timlier, 1921 (A. «nrt, lir^l). Industrial work and care of timl>er, 1921 (A. & S Do. Do. Standing Rock Reservation 3 per cent fund (8 iicn. Do. Industrial work luid cure of timber, 1921 (\. < Indian school, Tomali, Wis., 1921. Do. Do. Do. .''upixirl of .\. Chevenne.s luid .VnipiUioes, Mont llf.M. Iiidiiui schools, siiuport, 1921. Indiiui .M. P. L., 'Tru.xtun Canon Indians (support luai). t INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Farmers, Indian Service — OontiiniPd. 105 Location. Tulalip, Wash Do Do Do Turtle Mountain, N. Dak. Do Uintah and Ouray, Utah. Do Ute Mountain, Colo Do Wahpeton, N. Dak Walker River, Nev Warm Springs, Oreg Do Western Navajo, Ariz Do Western Shoshone, Nev. . . Winnebago, Nebr Do Yakima, Wash Yankton, S. Dak Yankton, S. Dak. (Santee) Zuni, N. Mex Do Do \ Num- ber. Salary. 1 S960 1 1 3 1,100 900 840 1 840 4 300 1 720 3 900 1 780 1 900 1 780 1 900 1 720 2 720 1 ■900 1 840 1 900 1 1,200 1 720 3 900 2 900 1 900 1 900 1 720 1 1,000 Fund. Indian schools, support, 1921. Industrial work and care of timber, 1921 (A. & S.) . Do. Do. Do. Do. Interest on confederated band of Utes 4 per cent fund. Interest on confederated band of Utes 4 per cent fund (support, 1921). Support of confederated bands of Utes, employees, etc., Utah, 1921. Interest on confederated bands of Utes, 4 per cent fund (S. 1921). Indian School, Wahpeton, N. Dak., 1921. Indian M., P. L., Walker R. Ind. (S. 1921). Indian schools, support, 1921. Industrial work and care of timber, 1921 (A. & S.). Indian schools, support, 1921. Support of Indians in Arizona, 1921. Industrial work and care of timber, 1921 (A. & S.) Do. Do. Ind. M. P. L., Yakima Indians (support, 1921). Industrial work and care of timber (A. & S.), 1921. Do. Do. Do. Support of Indians in New Mexico, 1921. FIELD MATRONS. Mr. Elston. The next subtopic is field matrons. Will you state how many there are in the Indian Service? Mr. Meritt. We have 66 field matrons in the Indian Service. Mr. Elston. And their average pay is what, Mr. Meritt? Mr. Meritt. From $600 to $900 a year. Mr. Elston. It is your experience and your belief that they are performing a very valuable work in the service? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir ; they are performing a very valuable work indeed. They do a service that is very much needed. They go into the Indian homes and teach the Indian women proper house- keeping, and render ever service and encouragement possible. EXPERIMENTATION. Mr. Elston. As to experimentation, you have already given .us your idea of the value of that, referring particularly to the rather remarkable discoveries made by the Indian Bureau in the line of developing the long staple cotton. Do you feel that this work should not be discontinued by reason of the activities of the Agri- culture Department in the way of experimentation throughout the country ? Mr. Meritt. We have been cooperating with the Agriculture Department in this work, and they very much desire that coopera- tion, and I think that the small appropriation could be used to great advantage. Mr. Elston. I think that the results so far seem to justify that small appropriation, do you not, Mr. Hastings? 106 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Hastings. Yes, I think so. That long staple cotton is very valuable to that section of the country, and our investigation- around there disclosed that it was selling for $1.50 a pound last year, but that might have been an unusual price. Mr. Meritt. The price has gone down in recent months. FORESTRY. Mr. Elston. Now, as to forestry, Mr. Meritt, will you state just briefly what amount of the total appropriation of $460,000 which you are asking under this general heading you wish to allocate to this work of forestry? Mr. Meritt. We spent last year $101,311.73 out of the total ap- propriation for forestry work. Mr. Elston. Is there any direction of law as to the amount that you should use for tliat purpose? Mr. Meritt. No, sir. We have adjusted the amounts to the four activities carried on under this appropriation according to the varied needs. Mr. Elston. You recall the provision that was put in the last In- dian appropriation act witli re^rurd to making this forestry work self sustaining in so far as it could be done ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. What steps are you taking to carry out that provi- sion? Mr. Meritt. We have issued instructions under that provision of law which we hope will bring about a considerable return. Mr. Elston. Have you anything to offer at this point in the rerovl. showing just what you are doing in that regard? Mr. Meritt. I would be glad to offer for the record the regulations we have issued under that provision of law. (The regulations referred to are as follows:) KEGULATIONS TO G0\T!:RN THE COLLECTION OF FEES FOE THE WORK INCIDENT TO SELL- ING AND LEASING ALLOTTED AND TRIBAL INDIAN LANDS, SALES OF TIMBER THERE- FKOXf, ETC. The Indian appropriation act of Feliniary 14, 1920, Public No. 141, Sixty-sixth Congress, contains tlie following provision : " That hereafter in the sale of all Indian allotments, or in leases, or assign- ment of leases, covering tribal or allotted lands for mineral, farming, grazing, business or other purposes, or in the sale of timber thereon, the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, iiuthorizcd and directed, under such regulations ns he juay prescribe, to charge a reasonable fee for the work incident to the sale, leasing, or assigning of such lands, or in the sale of the timber, or in the admiu- istrution of Indian forests, to be paid by vendees, lessees, or assignees, or from the jiroceeds of sales, the ainmnUs collected to be covered into the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts." To carry this provision of law into effect the following regulations are pre- scribed : On and after .Inly 1, 11)20, in all cases of the sale of restricted allotted Indian J lands either on a cash basis or on deferred payments, the purchaser will be re- qulreaid when the iMirch.iscr is not Hied that be is the suc<'essful bidder, and the olllcer in charge will insert In each advcrliscmrnt of the sale of restricted Indian lands a state- ment that such amount nuist be paid. Tiie amoinit paid hereunder shall be in addition to the payment of costs of conveyances and advertising fees as nviulred under the regulations covering (he sale of allotted and Inherltetl Indian land. INDIAN APPROPEIATION BILL, 1922. 107 Where allotted or tribal Indian lands are leased, subleased, or assigned for grazing, agricultural, mining, or business purposes on and after July 1, 1920, a fee of $5 will be charged for each lease, each sublease, each drilling contract affecting oil aud gas-mining leases, and each assignment of lease, such amount to be paid by the lessee, sublessee, or assignee upon notice of the approval of the contract. The amounts paid hereunder shall be in addition to the payment of filing fees and charges for proper blanks as reciuired under existing regulations governing the leasing of restricted Indian lands for mining purposes. When permits are granted for the use -of allotted or tribal Indian lands for farming or grazing purposes a fee of $5 will be charged for each permit, such ■amount to be paid by the permittee upon notice of the approval of the permit ; provided, that a nominal charge of $1 will be made in the case of each permit where less than 20 head of cuttle or horses or 100 sheep are to be grazed. When timber on either allotted or unallotted lands is sold with the land or is wld for a lump sum on an estimate in such manner that no administration by the Indian Service subseque'it to the sale is required, a deduction of 3 per cent of the sale price will be mace to cover the cost of the estimating of the timber and the effecting of the sale. When timber is sold on scale or in any other man- ner re(iuiring the supervision of cutting operations, the scaling of the timber and the protection of the sale area and adjacent area from fire, not less than 6 per cent nor more than 10 per cent of the gross proceeds will be deducted to cover the costs of examining, ad^'ertising, marking, and scaling and protecting the timber. When the expenses incident to sales of timber and administration of forests are paid from tribal funds no fees are to be collected or deductions made :from proceeds of sales. Regulations for the accounting for the money collected hereunder will be issued later by the Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Depaetment of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, Jtme 15, 1920. The foregoing regulations are respectfully submitted to the Secretary of the Interior with the recommendation that they be approved. E. B. Meritt, Assistant Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Approved: June 24, 1920. S. G. Hopkins, Assistant Secretary. Mr. Elston. What is your estimate of the total return in the way of reimbursement for the care of forests? Mr. Meritt. I believe that this forestry work should be self-sus- taining, and I think we can eventually adjust it so that there will >l be a sufficient return to pay for all the moneys expended in our for- estry service. Mr. Elston. When do you expect to reach that point? Mr, Meritt. Within the next two years. We want to try out the regulations we have to see if these regulations will not bring back enough money to pay for the work, and if they do not we will in- crease the percentage of collections, but I think that by the next time we submit a report to Congress we can show a substantial return under this provision of law. Mr. Elston. You have taken note of just what funds in the way of revenue will come in? Mr. Meritt. No, sir; it can only be a guess at this time, because ■we dp not know how much timber will be sold during the year, and for that reason we can not state in advance a definite amount. Mr. Elston. Has it been your habit, in making your observations or justifications on items in your bill, to give a memorandum under each item, if that item be reimbursable, as to the amount returned to the Government, which would be in the nature of offsets against the appropriations asked for? 108 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Meritt. We have not heretofore been doinjr that. Mr. Elston, Do you not think that it woiikl he a jjood thinir here- after, as this new course comes into play, to make a memoran(hmi in your justification on those items of tiie amount returnetl. so that Congfress and the conmiittee can see about what the net amn of law. which Avent into effect on February 14, 1920, but wc will inclutle that in our justifications next year. Mr. Elston. Has your estimate of $460,000 for this year been swelled particularly by the requirements of the forest activities!* Mr. Meritt. No, sir; we are not askinr ('xiKMiscs ncressiiry lo 11n> inircliMsf iportatiitn «»f Indian piods and supplie.s, .$;{7(i,(MM): I'roiiilctl, That no part of the siun hereby api>i(iiirialed shall he nsed t'eciion, siorasje, 1 ranspuiiai ion, etc., of ciial for (he Indian Service slndl he i>aid from the sujiport fnial of the school or a^'eiicy foi- which the coal is puichased. I assume that you have a justilication for this estimate of $;U().()()(\ Mr. MERrrr. I ollel* for tho record the following just ilicat ion : ITHCIIASK ANn THANSeoUTATloN lU INOIW SlIM'l IKS. Fiscal year endln;; .Fune IlO, IStLM : Anamnt apjiroprlaled .S:i»Ht. iHK). (M) Fiscal \ear endd .Inne .'{(), ll)2U: .\mi>iiiii appropriated ;i(H». (MMI. (K) .\ unt expended ;<(H>. (H)0. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Ill ANALYSIS OB" EXPENDITURES. Salaries, wages, etc ^— $34,798.35 Traveling expenses 3, 101.47 Transportation of supplies 2l.'(), 003. 78 Telegraph and telephone service G68. 65 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 8, 650. 74 Dry goods, clothing, etc 72.03 Fuel, lubricants, power, and light service 653. 22 Equipment and miscellaneous material 1, 105. 64 Rent of buildings 8,985.00 Miscellaneous 165. 96 Outstanding liabilities 15, liJ5. 16 300, 000. 00 Note. — .$54,938.04 of the total amount was expended on account of the ware- houses. EXPENSES INCIDENT TO PURCHASE AND TRANSPORTATION OF SUPPLIES, 1922. Appropriated 1917 $300, 000 Appropriated 1918 300, 000 Appropriated 1919 300, 000 Appropriated 1920 300, 000 Appropriated 1921 300,000 Estimated 1922 370, 000 No part of this appropriation is expended for goods and supplies except such as may be required to operate the three Indian warehouses. The fund is used, except as noted, in the payment of expenses incident to purchasing, i. e., advertising, inspecting, and transporting supplies for the Indians and for the Indian Service generally, including the salaries and other expenses necessary to maintain the Indian warehouses. Provision was made for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, whereby the cost of inspection, storage, transportation, etc., of coal for the Indian Service was not to be paid from this appropriation. The appropriation for the fiscal year 1920 was expended as follows : Fiscal vear ended June 30, 1920 (the following figures are as of Nov. 1, 1920) : Amount appropriated $300,000. 00 Amount expended 501, 9.36. 25 Overdrawn 201, 936. 2ij ANAXSIS or EXPENDITURES. Salaries and wages 34, 798. 35 Traveling expenses 3, 101. 47 Transportation of supplies 443, 73.5. 19 Heat, light, and power (service), including fuel 653.22 Telegraph and telephone service 668. 65 Printing, binding, advertising, stationery, and office supplies 8, 650. 74 Equipment, etc 1, 105. 64 Rent 8, 985. 00 Miscellaneous 237. 99 Total 501, 936. 25 Note.- — $58,201.06 of the total amount was expended on account of the ware- houses, inspection and advertising of supplies, awarding contracts, etc. It will be noted that to date this appropriation has been overdrawn to the extent of $201,936.25. At this time last year there were outstanding indebted- nesses in the 1919 appropriation totaling about $20,000, and it is probable that the indebtednesses now outstanding against the 1920 appropriations will total about $10,000. This will make the total sum expended for all purposes ap- proximately $512,000, making a total deficit of about $212,000 in the amount required to pay for tran,sporting goods and supplies. The deficit occurring annually in this appropriation for some years past has been covered by a 112 INDIAN APPROPniATlOX BILL, 1022. deficiency appropriation for tlie payment of transportation claims certified tu Confrress by the Secretary of the Treasury. The largest item of exi^t-nditure, of course, is for the actual transiM»rtation of sui»i»lit's, which, for l!(i:<>, amounts to $448.73r).19 up to about November 1. 1920, with a number of bills outstanding. A comparison of amounts expended for this purpose for the last few years i- as follows : Fiscal vear. Wciiibt of snp- pllps handled b\ Indian warehoiLsps. in- cluding coal shlpn;cnt«. ! -Approximate a^noiini px- Dendpd for freight charsps. I Pound'. 1914 1 fi0,015.338 ; 1915 ! 73,?JQ,5S4 1916 87, 927, *KIS 1917 90.na<«.>«3 ■«) 191S(to Oct. 1' ' 25,505,713 v. .;i.i<4 1919 an Nov. 1> i ' 18.2-21.304 447.l;U.81 1920 (to Nov. I) : » 14,336, JW , 443,7:15. 19 i I ' ExchL«ive of 1 is,:{49.."i20 pound.s coal not handled thronjrh warehouses. " Exclu-iive of 140,122,000 pound.< coiil not handled throuch warehouses. ' Exclusive of I2.s,562,000 pounds coal not handled thrruph wnrehouses. It should be noted that a laru'e volume of suiipliis o?i which trjinsportatioi chiir^es are paid from this appropriation are handled by the lii'ld ollicers ant not by the Indian warehouses. This would con.sjderably increase the wei;:hts on which tran.sportation chaifres were paid during' the fiscal year 1920. Wbile| the tonnaire shii)ped by the field ctlicers is not included in the above totals, the cost of the transportation is includetl. The amount si»e<-ilie made on all rates, whicii increased the cost of trans|Mirtafion, for which nr increase in the original appropriation was made. <»ii August '2Vi. 1920. then was another inert a.se made on all freight rates of frcin 2."» jht cent to 40 ))« cent. ffl If the $300,000 only is appropriated as in the past few years there will be f| deficit of at least .S70.(MM>. A number of the .schools have been closed wiibli the jiast two years, and the jiossible defi"igtires are as follows: H.\si:i) ON Kxi'KNDi rria:s i ok i'.cju. For freight Deducted for schools closed Freight on coal -Ml other freight items. I'rol.Mble freight f(U- 1922. 33^ percent increase througb I. (' i '. order Warehou.M's F'osslble reduction di.e to cio.-iui.' s, (HMl Total. $4.'»3. 73."i. 214. OIM). Oil 239 73.-.. 1 239 73.-.. 1 1 so. IMH). O] *i :wr». 4.3«). f I I.-.. 4.30. 1 370. (HMl. Of Tla- other expenses than fr.-l^ht hasis was placed on the desire to inirchase in this way that very few bids f. o. b. other points were receiveorhood of .S8.t i)er ca! against the transportation appropriation which would not have been made ha( the lumber been purchased f. o. b. destination. Thus an actual net savin; of $127 to the Government on one car of lumber increa.ses the charge agains this appropriation l)y $35. ' The recognition of this fact has led to e.ver-increasing efforts to save mniie; by inviting bids f. o. b. points of manufacture all over the I'nited S:ates, am the acceprance of such bids has led to a constantly increasing volume o freight tralHc on behalf of the Indian Service through the warehouses an^ otherwise, with corresitonding increasing overdrafts in the " Purchase an traiisportaiioii of Indian supplies" fund. We estimate that we .^ave at it;is $1U0,(K)(J annually on the total cost of our supplies delivered at destinaiio by jairchasing at point of manufacture or i)roduction and shipping at (Joven ment freight rates; that is. by paying .$.S."i(MH)0 from the appropriation fcj freight charges, we save at least $4r)(».(M>(t from tiie various snpi>ort funds. Til reason for the constantly increasing amount sjient on freigin charges is show most forciidy by the weigh. s of supplies pun-hast'd through warehouses in tl) past few years : Pound S7. ".tL'7, « !Ki, (Nis. s: ' 14;{ jti."., 2: • ir>s, iiA'A. :m • 142, SS»S, 4< It is estimated thai more than iwo-thi!«ls of the supplies iise«l V>y tlu> Intlh' Service are now purchased tlimiigh warehouses, and that including those pu chased f. o. b. sblpping jioiut by held supi-riiitcndcnis. We pay for freig transportation on about four-lifths of all the supplies purchased for the servit the remainder b(>lng delivered at ilestlnation i)y the tlrni or individual fro whom we buy. liJll. 1912. 1913. 1914. 1915. Pounds. :{7, 107, r>!)4 1916 41), .sr.7, OS.-) 1917 r.S, 183.(570 191S CO, (»ir.. 33S 1919 73, 393, r>S4 1920 ' Ilicludi'N 1 lS,:Ui),ril'0 poillulH of colli. -liicluili'H l-IO,-t'.''J,ooo ikiuiiiIh or c«>al. • iiifiuiifM rjH.rio:>,uuo poumiH or cnai. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 115 Coal is ordiuni-ily handled by the warehouses and field officers, but during the fiscal years 1918 and 1919, on account of war conditions, the whole amount was purchased through the Fuel Administration f. o. b. mines or docks on the Great Lakes. Mr. Dempsey. How can you, under the intei-state commerce act, ship a cent cheaper than anybody else? Mr. Meritt. We get a reduction on account of hind-grant rates of the raih'oads. Mr. Elston. As a part of the original grant. ^Ir. Dempsey. I understand. Mr. Meritt. We have been doing that for years. We have been calling this matter of a deficit to the attention of Congress for a number of j^ears, and asking for amounts much larger than Congress allowed us. They realized the situation, but apparently preferred that it should be handled by asking for defi- ciency appropriations rather than increasing the amount in the In- dian bill. However, during the last session of Congress the chair- man of the Indian Committee, Mr. Snyder, suggested that here- after we pay for the shipment of coal out of the support fund. That would extend that cost over a large field of operations, and would save this appropriation a considerable amount. We are doing that now, and, because of that fact, we will not have to have as large an appropriation for this work as we otherwise would, but it is necessary to have this amount that we are asking for, otherwise there will be a deficit. ^Ir. Elston. You are asking for $370,000, and that is based on your idea that for the present fiscal year, which will end next July, you will have a deficit of $70,000 over and above the appropriation of $300,000 granted you in the last Indian bill ? Mr. ]\Ieritt. Yes, sir. ]Mr. Elston. Which makes a total expenditure of $370,000 ? Mr. jVIeritt. Yes, sir. It should also be borne in mind that there has been a material increase in freight rates in recent months. Mr. Elston. You have added no employees to be paid out of this appropriation, have you? Mr. Meritt. No, sir; there will be no new employes. Mr. Elston. I see you have rearranged the schedule of employees somewhat, dropping some and putting in new ones, but the total for 1922 appears tobe 39. as against a total of 38 in 1920. Mr. Meritt. They will be approximately the same. The field employees are changing constantly, but there will be no material in- crease" in employees foi- this work. INDIAN warehouses. '^ Mr. Elston. Mr. Meritt, you remember the rather intensive dis- cussion that took place last year when we were considering the Indian bill with reference to the Indian warehouses? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. And Mr. Rhodes particularly was insistent that the number of Indian warehouses be reduced to one, to be located, as I remember, at Chicago, and I believe that a report of a subcom- mittee consistino; of Mr. Rhodes and some other members of the ^te 116 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Indian Committee has been made that the Indian warehouses should be discontinued altojrether. Mr. Meritt. I have read that report. Mr. Chairman, as contained in the iirintod vohimo of the heaiinfrs on thn investijration of the Indiiiii Bureau this hist year. Mr. Elston. That report, which has the approval, as I remember, of tlie Indian Affairs Committee, ou^lit to be quite i^ersuasive witii this subcommittee, inasmuch as they went into tlic matter very care- fully. If the committee ilecided to discontinue the warehouses, what readjustment should be made, in your opinion, and what would it re- sult in in reoaid to a savinf flour, old warehou,se records, and some large nnus»^l .sampi tables. Im a\« of re.iecled patent medicine, a few boxes of r»'jecled boys' hat.s. together wit a small (|uanllty of miscellaneous articles, which we estimated not to exce* one-lialf carload. We liiKJ llial iiKtsi «.r lilt' supplies bdiiglii fnv Hie Indian Service, includir llins*' llia( pass tliiiiiiLrli tlie w.trcinnise and tiinsc that are shipped direct fro the place of consignment to the Indian reservation, are l)ought in le.ss thr 4-arload lots. The pl:in Is fur superlntenetition on all clas.ses of manu- factured articles, largely to the East and Middle West. To-day the policy of ' the service is so broad in this resjiect tliat it admits any reputable dealer or manufacturer in tlie Ignited States into the competitive bidding, leaving the delivery point to the bidder. At the lettings for the fiscal year 1021, held in , the spring of 1920, at Chicago, St. Louis, and San Francisctt, we received r».iO ' bids on all classes from individuals and firms located in 88 different cities. ! One of the gravest criticisms made against the early methods of purchasing ' was the fact that large (pianfities pHes at ! points where proper insiiection couhl be given tliem iiefore sending tb"m into the Indian country. The ne«*d for some such (ioveniinent depot lirst became iipl>areiit in New York City, where in 1S70 a receiving and shipping station, called a temporary warehouse, was established and maintained for a part of each year until 187!), when it was made permam-nt. The Chicago markets next were attracted by the voliune of business ilone for the servl<"e. and as a result of the contracts and other ptirchases made for delivery there, a ware- house was opened temporarily in 1S7S, and each year thereafter mitil 18SH, when it was made permanent. The St. Louis warehouse was oiK>ned tem- porarily In lS7t5. aiul again In 1SS7. The I'ssentlal thing to do was to pet the snpiilies out of the pos.session of the contractor and into a platv c«)n- trolled i»y the Covermncnt, where inspection could iiroperly be made and the goods assemliled for sblpmeMt ; and let It be emphasi/.ed that the necessity for this has not dlmlidshed, even to thn present lime. When these de|)ots were estaldlshed. It was not l»e«'aiise those who bid on tlie supplies deslr«Ml it, liut liecauH4> tlie vtduine of business transacted in and around each of these INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 119 places demonstrated that It was the logical center in which t<> receive, inspect, and ship Indian supplies. Regardless of any other condition which niight have been involved, that also was the main factor which prompted the estab- lishment of the Omaha warehouse, which was opened i)ermanently in 1897, the St. Louis warehouse In 1902, and the San Francisco warehouse" in 1904. At San Francisco a temporary warehouse had been opened for a few months each year prior to 1904, dating back to the early seventies. If the warehouses were forced to .iustify their existence on the basis of their status as warehouses, using the term in the sense in which it is applied in commercial activities, they would have lieen abandoned years ago, because that is just exactly wJiat they are not. Their function is" to act as clearing houses between contractors and the 125 or more field officers. That the sub- committee found the Chicago warehouse practically empty in .Tune speaks in its favor rather than to the contrary. If any one of tlie" warehouses had en- tered into the month of .Tune of any year with a great quantity of unshipped supplies the cause therefor would have been promptly investigated for the reason that either contractors would have been very much delinquent in de- liveries or the warehouse delinquent in shipping the supplies. The toilet paper found in the Chicago warehouse was a delivery made under contract and re- jected because of quality and containers. The other supplies, no doubt, were Samples belonging to contractors and not returnable to them until the end of the fiscal year. The records found were old files of the warehouse. Under the law we are required to advertise and enter into contracts in the spring of each year for supplies for the next fiscal year. In the natural order of events this briiigs the deliveries in the period of from ,Tuly to December. That period constitutes the busy season at the warehouses and extra help is then provided. Everything must move at a rapid pace to avoid congestion. The quicker the y inspection and shipment of supplies, the more satisfactory the results. During the other months a reasonable amount of work is accomplished by the normal clerical and laboring force. Additional purchases are being made every day through the three warehouses, and the regular force at each place has all it can do to keep the work up to date. The subcommittee speaks of a saving of .$150,000 if the three warehouses were abolished. Since the New York and Omaha warehouses were closed in 1914 the cost of maintaining the three at Chicago, St. Louis, and San Francisco has not exceeded .$65,000. The amount for the fiscal year 1919 being $57,351 and for 1920 $60,035. If the three warehouses were closed and no arrangement made for substitutive plan, this is the maximum amount that could be saved thereby. As, in the days when the warehouses were first established, their present value is based on the amount of business handled by each and not on the sentimental theory advanced at times by dealers that, unless a warehouse is located in his city, a merchant can do no business with the Indian .Service. That is a fallacious argument. The records of the Indian Office will show that no matter where a bidder is located or where he offers delivery, if he has the right kind of goods and quotes the best price (freight and cost of inspection considered), he gets the order or contract. If merchants from certain cities, believing they have a grievance regarding the abolishment of warehouses, fail to bid the Indian Service, under the statutes which govern the buying, naturally is powerless to make them do so. So far as the work done at the warehouses is concerned, the attached tables show the tonnage and value of supplies actually passing through the warehouse and the value and tonnage handled by but not passing through each warehouse ; also, the cost of maintenance. Supplies approximating $2,000,000 were re- ceived, inspected, and shipped either through the warehouses or by them from other points at an expense of $60,000 or about 3 per cent of the value. The argimient is advanced by the service that this is an exceedingly small ratio and can suggest no altei-native plan which will afford a cheaper basis to work on. It is said we do not need the warehouses ; that they have outlived their usefulness. In reality the warehouses are the hands of the Indian Office, so far as purchasing is concerned. It is true the supervision, including direct contact with the work in many ways, is centralized in the Indian Office, but since the buying is concentrated, as it must be to be effective, a great mass of detail which is now handled at the warehouses would devolve on the Indian Office if they were not in existence, and that which did not, would be placed 120 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1022. on tlie field force, whirli at present claims it is unequal to tlie work now as- signed it. To* explain: As stilted annual lettin^s are held at Chicago. San Francisco, and St. I^iuis each spring. Here at the appointed time samples of all articles hid on are re- ceived hy the warehouse and laid out b.v cla.sse.s. Representatives from the Indian Office, with regularly appointed inspect«)rs, examine the samples, make the awards, and draw the contracts. On aiiproval of each contract, the ware- house designated t<> handle it prepares from data at hand a requisition or order on the contractfu- requesting that delivery he made. All the details reganling the delivery, in.spection, repacking (when necessary), preparation of bills of lading, and shipping to the many jurl.sdictions. are taken care of by the ware- hou.se. Where in any case supplies are not equal to the contract the ware- house on the recommendation of the inspector rejects them and calls ftir a new- delivery. Invoice vouchers covering the supplies must he certitie(H).()0(1 or more. In addition thereto purchases are made of sui)plies on other than aimual con- tracts in the sum of .$2,000,000 to $2,500,(XKt. The.sc purchasi's originate with tlie field officer, of course, as he controls the funds allotted to his .iurisdictis nre (nmted them. Field oilicers are not any lonieiit is comiileted. The (Jovennnent ought certainly to he* willing to pay a reasonable anioinit to insure getting what it buys. Otbcrwi>;e, j inspection costs could be saved, not only in the Indian Service, lint throuirhout j oIlH-r ilepartiMenls as well. The work could not be done in \\'ashingtt)n becatise we have n«'itber the <*lerical force nor the space in which to transact the Inisiness. The oidy other |ilan would be to decentralize the p\irchaslng and permit ea<'b sui)eriMtendenl to buy for hiuj-^elf. This would mean we weiild enter upon retail buying of the great majority of manufactured articles su'li as shoes, clothing, hardware. me^es can be ulill/ed in the rulure. If our iilan< mature, in paying lor the sui>l>lie8 passing through them in the discount jteriod and etTect a net saving to the (iovernnu-nl which w(Mdd more than pay for their i-osi of maintenance. This we ho[)e (o attain tlirough the medium of an Item first offered In the 1020 Indian estimate, again In 1021, and proi)osed for the third tlmt> In tlu> estimate for 1022. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 121 This i)lan, it seems, has met witli the approval informally of the committee, and in the light of its consideration after reviewing the facts it is hard to recon- cile that consideration with the recommendation of the subcommittee that the warehouses be abolished. To abolish the Chicago or St. Louis warehouses might save in rental and cost of employees there several thousand dollars, but the work which those ware- houses now do would be thrown on the other, whose clerical force is just able to handle its own business. It naturally would follow that the Chicago or St. Louis force would have to be increased to some extent. To abandon the San Francisco warehouse would leave us simply without an agency on the Pacific coast in the heart of the biggest market for the supplies west of the Missouri River and cut out the active competition between the East and the West. Use of the Panama Canal has brought the Pacific coast much neai-er the eastern source of manufactured articles than was formerly the case and puts the Pacific coast market in a better position to compete for the business. Were the Chicago warehouse abandoned in favor of St. Louis or vice versa, it would remove the point of contact with the largest sources of certain of our supplies, and whether the merchants in any one of these three cities would then continue to bid is problematical. The history of the closing of the New York and Omaha warehouses bears out the contention that where once a warehouse has been established and it is abandoned the bidders in that particular place lose interest and cease to bid. We do not attempt to explain the reason for this, as the purchasing for the service is always done in an open field and no favor is shown ; yet it is true. If the warehouses are abolished, M'hat plan of purchase is to be followed? Inspection and shipment from contractors' places of business have been tested for several years at New York and found to be unsatisfactory. The other alternative is to let each superintendent buy for his own juris- diction. This works to-day satisfactorily so far as local products, such as hay, wood, etc., are concerned, but on manufactured articles would be a reversion to the primitive method of buying in retail markets. This would result in a lowering of standard of quality and increased prices. The Indian Office believes the warehouse plan of buying, is theoretically eco- nomical, correct, and practical. Large private organizations have their central purchasing agencies, which are located close to the markets they deal in, and in line with their practice the three Indian warehouses should be con- tinued. Volume of Business Handled by Indian Waeehouses, Fiscal Yeak Ended .Tune 30, 1920. Supplies actually passed through, the narehouses. t Freight shipments. Express shipments. Packages mailed. • Warehouses. No. of pack- ages. Weight. Value. No. of pack- ages. Weight. Value. No. of pack- ages. Weight. Value. Chieaeo 33.547 26,941 25,102 Pounds. 1,869,391 1,545,262 830,353 5.535,818.58 382. 892. 82 629 .^K5 Pounds. 9,516 9,163 1,145 57,3.53.06 3,243.50 734.29 2,900 3,881 375 Pounds. 14,083 6,718 1,391 SI 5 588. 47 .St. Louis 9,289.17 1,138.09 Sau Francisco 1 299, 068. 76 46 Total , 85,590 4,245,006 1,218,380.16 1,060 19,824 11,330.85 7,156 22,192 26,015.73 122 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Supplies not actually passed throuyh the trarehotises. Freight shiptrents 'merchan- dise). Shipments of cnal. Express shipments. Warehoasa*:. « Num- ber of pack- ages. Weight. Value. Cars. Weight. Value. \um- ber ol pack- ages. Weiglit. \alup. Chicnjjo. 85,525 Pnunds. 8,322,428 $677,189.36 .549 70 Pitund*. 33.557,060 5, 528, .500 «69.07.5.97 12,41(1.00 337 Pmindx. 5,833 $4.057.7S> Stin Francispo 3,523,717 (') 26 303 (') Total. . 10,046,145 677,189.36 619 39,086,560 81.491.97 363 6,136 4.ai7.7S Grand total exclusire of coal — percoitai/c of increase or decrease of totals over previous year. VVarehouse.s. I'hicauo Pt. Louis San Irancisco. Total... Number o I packages. 122,938 31,207 43,429 Weight. Pounds. 8,421,251 1,561,143 4,3.51,070 197,574 14,336,464 Value. *1, 240, 007. 25 :-|05,425. 49 301,541.14 1,936,973.88 Number. Pfr ccvt. S27. 13 M4.35 » 1..54 1 15. 52 Weight. Per cdil. '25.09 » 13. 79 ' 15. 74 > 21. 32 Value. Per '•'ni. '8.03 «13.4 J 2. 42 »8.15 ' Vahie inchided in amounts shown as "passed through the warehouse." ' Increase. 3 Decrease. Expense at xcarehouses, fiscal year ended June 30, 1920. Warehouses. Chicago St. Louis San FraiKisco. Total Total, 1919. Increa.sed expenditiu'e over 1919 Rent. S4.800.00 2,18.';. 00 2,400.00 9, 385. 00 Light and f'el. Kmploveesl and in- ; spectioni f supplies. ' S415.35 $19,710.88 231.61 ' 1.5.192.58 14.60 8,458.90 Mi.stella- neous. 12,952.01 1.831.16 1,842..t3 661.. 56 43,362.36 < 6,625.70 Cost of maintenance. Total. Percent.* $27, 878. 24 19, 440. .35 12,716.03 2.25 4.91 4.22 60, 034. 62 57.351.35 2.683.27 3.1 3.3 Per cent, 1919. 2^ J 5.39' 3.85 ' Includes exist of letting annual contracts fi r supplies. ' Shows the relation • f the total maintenance ct st to tlie value of goods handled exclusive of coal as set out ill llie preceding table. TELEGKArillNG AM) TKLEl'llOMXd. Mr. Elhton. We will now take up the item of teloj^rupliiii"; ami teloplu)nin<.r. f>n pn^e 20 of (lu> e.stiiuiites, and have your jiislilication of tiu' f.stiiiiate of ^T.-'iOO wliirli you ask for — For tolejii-iipii iiixl t»'U'|>li«>ii«' toll iiu'.ssaKos on l)ii.siii<>ss |M>rtHinlnK to the IiKlliiii S<'rvtc»' .s(Mil iiiHJ n'(<'ivf(l liv tin* Hiiivmi of Iiuliiiu .\ITiiirs nl Wash- ington, $7,r»<)0. I Mr. Mkkitt. \in\ will note, Mr. Cliairnian, that wi' are askin<; for] the same amount that was appropriated lust year. 1 t)n'er for the record the f(dlowin W)0. 00 Amount expended 545. 45 Unexpended balance 454. 55 124 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. ANALYSIS OF KXPENDITVKKS. Traveling exi>euses '^.V^"' 9!? Reconling fees. Icfral expenses, etc :iSs. .■>.! Outstandiiij; liabilities 2!». (X> .".40. 45 The claim of an Indian to an allotment i«r homestead on a public domain is fretpiently contested by whites who claim to have made prior settlement, or lor other reasons re" Unexpended balance 79S. l.'I ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITtrRES. Salaries, wages, etc 0,777. ;:.'> Traveling expenses 2, 380. '."'J Telegraiih and telephone service 10. ,'U Stationery 24. .'U 9. 201. v7 The Hoard of Indian ( 'onuni.ssioners ari- apiHiinied by the I'resideni an. I serve without compensation. Their dtitles are defined by exi.stlng law. I'li.' functions of Ihe board are to make investigations on Indian n'servatinns aiil niaUe iccominendatioiis with a |iin'po.se lowiinl Ihe advancement of the IndiaM- The boai'd c<»operates with the • "onunissioner ot' Indian .\tVairs in the purcha-c and insjiection of Indian sujiplies. The traveling exjHMises of the bi>anl, [•>■ gether with the .salary of the secretary, are |iald fron) this appropriation. Mr. El.ston. I understand that this board makes personal in.>.per tions of the rcscrxations and submits leconuueudat ions aniuiiilly at, lo their \iew on (lie bctlciineiit te seriously handicapped in their administration of affairs on the reservations. ('onsideral)le didiculty has been exi»erienced (lurintr the past two years in securin;: and retaining jxood men fur policemen at the i)re«Mit rate of pay as lixed by law, on account of the higher wa^es paid for other work. The niaxi- nmm salary paid chiefs of police is $50 per month, and .$30 for privates. F^ew receive the maximum pay I)ecause of the limited apjiropriation. Mr. Mkiutt. I mitrht add that Ave have in the Indian Service 85 chiefs of police and 408 privates, makinkla Do Flathead Agency, Mont Do Do Fort A parhe Agency, Ariz Do • Fort Helknap Agency, Mont Do Fort llcrlhold Agency, N. Dak Do Fort Hidwell, Calif Fort Hull, I.hiho Do Fort l.iipwni Agency, Idaho Fori McDr-rmltl Agency, Ncv Fori I'eck Agency, Miinl Do Fort Totten Agency, N. Dak Fort Viiinu Agency, CalM Do ( I nsh II tc A gency , I ' t iih lIuviLMiipiil .\geiicy, Aril Huvwiird .\guncy, VVLi..' Do Do Numl>er. 4 privates 1 chief police. . .') privates 4 privates 1 private 3 privates 1 chief police.. do 1 private 1 chief police. . do 17 privates 2 privates 1 chief police.. do do 2 i)rivales do 1 chief police. . do 2 chiefs police. 5 privates 1 chief police.. 3 privates 2 privates 1 chief police.. 22 privates 5 [irivates 1 chief police. . 2 chiefs police. 1 chief police. . 8 privates 5 privates 1 chief police.. do 6 privrttis 1 chief police.. do .") privates 1 chief police., do do 7 privates 3l)riviites 4 privates 1 chief police.. 1 private do do 1 chief police. Per month each. Sa! month. S3( 4: » 131 I a' 4< 31; '2i| '?: < 2 &i '»' '»! 4; ' 4' 2 1 31 1 31 •]! .5 *\ '*] 5 4 ■1^ INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 127 •< Place ffld •li Hoopa Valley Agency, Calif Do Jicarilla Agency, New Mex Do Kaibab Agency, Ariz Keshena Agency, Wis Kiowa Agencv, Okla Do ." Do Klamath Agencv, Oreg Do Lac du Flambeau Agency, Wis . , La Pointe Agency, Wis Leech Lake Agencv, Minn Do ; Do Leupp Agencv, Minn Do ; Lower Brule Agency, S. Dak Do Mescalero Agency, New Mex. .. . Do Moapa River Agency, Nev Moqui Agency, Ariz". Do Do Navajo Agency, Ariz Do Neah Bay Agency, Wash Do Nevada Agencv, Nev Do ; N. Pueblo Agency, New Mex . . . Omaha Agency, Nebr Pala Agency, Cahf Capitan Grande Do La Jolla Los Coyotes Pechanga Rincon Volcan PauTiee Agency, Okla Otoe Subagency Ponca Subagency Pima Agency, Ariz Do Pine Ridge Agency, S. Dak Do Pueblo Benito Agency, N. Mex. Do Red Chff Agency, Wis ^^^ed Lake Agency, Minn Do Nett Lake Subagency Grand l^ortage Subagency. . Rocky Boy's Agency Rosebud Agency, S." Dak Do Do Do Round Valley Agency, Calif Sac and i'ox Agency, Iowa Salt River Agencv, Ariz Do : San Carlos Agency, Ariz Do Rice Station School Ban Juan Agencv, N. Mex Do ...:. Do Sells Agency, Ariz Do Seneca Agency, Okla Shawnee Agency, Okla Do Shivwitz Agency, L'tah Shoshone Agencv, Wvoming Do Do Number. 1 chief police.. 2 privates 4 privates 1 chief police . . 1 private 4 privates 3 chiefs police. 4 privates 8 privates 2 chiefs police. 2 privates 1 chief police . . 3 chiefs police. 1 chief police . . 2 privates 6 privates 4 privates 1 chief poUce . . 2 privates do 7 privates 1 chief police . . 2 privates 6 privates 1 chief police. . ...-do ....do 9 privates 1 private 1 chief poUce.. ...-do 2 privates 3 privates 1 private ...-do do do do do do do 1 chief police . do do 1 private 1 chief poUce. 7 privates". . . . 2 chief poUce. 31 privates- . . 5 privates 1 chief police - 1 private 1 chief police - 4 privates 1 private do do 1 chief police. do 2 privates 27 privates. .. 1 private do do 2 privates 1 chief pohce. 5 privates 1 private I chief police - 3 privates II privates... 5 privates 1 chief police. 1 private 1 chief police. 2 privates 1 private 1 chief police. do 6 privates I Per month each. 128 INDIAN APPKUPrJATION BILL, 19i; Place. Siletz Agency, Oreg Do Sisseton, S. Dak Soboba ARcncy, Calif (I'ndcr mission I M alWi Siibagencv. Do Martinez Subagency Cahuilla Do Southern Pueblo Agency, N. Mex Do Do Southern Ute Agency, Colo Do SpoV ane Agency, Wash Do " Standing Rock Agencv. N. Dak Thoalah Agency, Wash Tongue River Agency, Mont Do ;;;;;!;;;!!;!!!!''''!;!;;;;!!!;;!!!!!;; Truxton Canon Agencv, Ariz Do ." Tuhilip Agency, Wash Do Turtle Moiuitain Agency, N. Dak Do Cintali and Ourav Agency, Utah Do : : Do Cmalilla Agency, Oreg Ute Mountain Agency, Colo Walker River Agency, Nev Do Warm Springs Agencv, Oreg Do ■ Western Navajo .\genov, A.ri7. Do : Do Western Shoshone Agency, Nev Do White Earth Agency, Minn Do Winnebago Agency, Nebr Do Ya'-'ima Agencv, Wash Do ". Yankton Agency, S. Dak Do Zuni Agency, N. Mox Number. Salary per month. chief police . . private chief police.. ...do ...do ...do private , chief iiolice.. ...do privates chief police.. privates pri'-ates . .do chief police. . ...do privates privates privates chief police. . privates privates chief police. . privates chief police. . privates chief police. . privates chiefs police. privates privates privates ...do chief police.. private privates chief police.. ...do ■- . private privates chief police.. privates chiefs police. private piivates chief police. . privates private privates private privates SoO ■JO 40 oO :io 40 20 :<■) •20 .W M) 20 :;<) \s ■2.S 20 :«) 20 ■iO 2j .V) :<0 25 20 40 30 40 :«) JO 4U JO :«) to 40 25 JO Mr. Elston. This table discloses that there are some policemen distributed throujrh the States where civilization has attained a hiiili deg^ree of advancement, and where it is assumed that the count irs. even where the reservatioii.s are located, are hiirhly orpmized and the oi-dinary county irovernment would be supposeil to take care of its own i)olice matters. Do you thinlc it possible to tlispense with the Indian polic(> in localities of that Icind i Mr. Mkiutt. These Indian policemen are \ery much needeil, e\eii in localities of that kind, for the reason that the State has but very little jurisdiction on Indian reservations. Thev do not look after law and order on the reservations. Mr. Dkmi'sky. Most of the crimes are prosecuted in the United States court, are they not? Mr. MKHirr. Yes, sir. Mr. Dk.mtsky. If a murder is committed within the reservation, it, is within the jurisdiction of the Federal court, and not of the State^ court? INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 129 Mr. Meritt. Ordinarily. Of course, when all parties are citizens it might place the jurisdiction in the State courts, but ordinary crimes committed on Indian reservations are prosecuted in the Federal courts. Mr. Dempset, All crimes committed by one Indian against another Indian on an Indian reservation are prosecuted in the Federal courts, are they not ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Ordinarily, hoAvever, the arrests are made by the Indian police ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. A laroe number of the small offenses com- mitted on Indian reservations are handled by the Indian police and are tried before the Indian courts. We have Indian jud make arrests except when the occasion demands. Mr. De:mpsey. AVell, there is a check on that in the law. Thi ;. can only make arrests in one of two cases, either upon a warrant from a court officer or where a crime is actually committed in the presence of the constable. Mr. Meritt. We do not require warrants for Indian polit e to bring in Indians before the judges of the Indian courts. !Mr. De^vfpsey. I am suggesting this as a substitute — as an accom- paniment of your substitution of fees for salary. What do you say to that, Mr. Hastings? You are a practical man. Mr. Hastings. You are in a position oftentimes where you can not get a warrant. You are away out on an Indian reservation, and these Indian policemen are there, and they are used to prevent a disturbance of the peace where it would be impracticable to get warrants for the arrest of parties. I do not think that the fee sys- tem in that case could be used. It might be used in some of the States, but I do not think it could be used in all of them. Mr. Dempsey. That answers one pro])osition. but now I am put' ting a general scheme as a substitute for another general scheme. What do you think of the general j^roposition first, instead of this? How do you think it would work out ? Mr. Hastings. Well, as I understand the use of these Indian ])«> licemen, tliey are used not only to make arrests and stop disturb ances, but they are used largely for messenger service. Mr. Meiu'it. We use them practically for every activity on the reservation. Mr. Hastings. They are used for everything. Mr. Meiu'it. Yes, sir. If we want them to carry an approvctl lease to an Indian three miles away, they are re(|uireil to do that They are required to do anytliing that the superintendent calls on them to do around the agency. Ml'. Klston. Mr, .Meritt, 1 want you to consider the question, a- the Indians in certain localities become more civilized, and as tin- white settlers interpenetrate the Indian settlements, whether we can not gr'aihially from now on make an annual deci-ea^e in the appropiiat ion for (he Indian police, by reason of (his progressive it! INDIAN APPROPKIATIOX BELL, 1922. 131 movement of civilization in the more thickly poj^ulated States. You see, we have got to present a gradual decrease of activities, if the bureau is doing what it saj's it is doing, namely, bringing these Indians into a higher state of civilization, and if at the same time the white population is becoming greater in a great many Indian localities, as I have no doubt it is. Mr. Dempset. In that connection, Mr. Meritt, I wish joii would consider the question whether it would be practical in certain locali- ties to substitute the white man's system of a fee-paid officer for a salaried officer. Mv. ]\Ieritt. We will be glad to take that suggestion into con- sideration in administering the law next year. In reply to your statement, Mr. Chairman, I think the committee might reduce this appropriation $5,000 this year and see if we can get along with that amount. Mr. Elstox. Mr. Meritt, I do not want to appear to be drastic, but I certainly do feel that we ought to have the cooperation of the bureau, as I know we ..ave, in the matter of justifying the bureau's statements and our own expressed efforts to gradually reduce some of the activities of the Indian Bureau, b^' reason of the success of Itheir work in bringing the Indians into civilization; otherwise we are not really taking the bureau's statements at par. Mr. Meritt. I am in sympathy with the desire of the committee •to graduallj'^ reduce the activities of the Indian .Bureau, and I think there can be a gradual reduction of the employees in the Indian Service. i3 Nt^MBEK OF POLICEMEN FOE Fm: CIVILIZED TBIBES. , J Mr. Hastings. You do not have the figures with you showing the n^ Indian policemen you have among the Five Civilized Tribes? r;. Mr. Meritt. We have 1 chief of police and 22 privates in the Five fy Civilized Tribes. ]\Ir. Elstox. Pursuing this same question, that has occurred over and over again, with regard to the activities on behalf of the Indians, is there any possibility of charging to the tribal funds any of the . yWork of these Indian police? Mr. Meritt. I think not. Mr. Chairman. Mr. Elstox. You think that would lessen the authority of the police if they were responsible to the tribe rather than to the Gov- ernment ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; and I believe it would be impracticable to collect these small amounts. They are scattered over such a large ' area, and the amount is so small that it would be impracticable to attempt to collect it from tribal funds. PAT OF JUDGES OF INDIAN COURTS. Mr. Elston. The next item is the pay of judges of Indian courts, on page 24 of the estimates. For pay of judges of Indian courts where tribal relations now exist, $8,000. t:< 132 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the followinjr justification: Fiscal year endiiij: .Tune 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated $T. pr()priat«*d S. IHHi. 00 AnidUiiT ('Xpended (3, ."iTT. 87 rni'xi.eiided balance 1. 422. 13 ANALYSIS OK KXPENDITUUKS. Salaries, wajres. etc (J. r»11.14 ( >utstandiu;r liabilities tHJ. 73 G. n77. 87 This is the aniount annually ajipropriated previous tn last year. Cnurts of India: offenses were '-sialilishi'd a nunibei uf years a.L'o to h:!ndle iiffenses a,traiii.st law and order on the reservations conunitted by Inal t'ode. These conris are nectssary for the reason that the juri* diction of th.e F(>deral courts over offenses conunitted by Indians on the reserve tions is limited by the sections referred to ami section 21-l(i of the I'nited Statei Revised Statutes, and the State courts have no jurisdiction to punish non- citizen Indhms for offenses conunitted on Indian reservations. These Ind'ai courts therefoi-e brid^re the irajt a'd are used to educate the noncitizen Indit to tlie stand;; I'd of livimr necessary \'hen the lieconx ful'y subj^'<•t to tlie usn^ laws of the States. The procedure of the Sl-ite ceurts of similai- .jurisdiction is fcdlowed as fj| as practicable. This also servt s to r.cquaint the Indians with the ways of tl white man and commu'iity and train tluMn in the duties of jrood citizenship. Tlie c( I'.rt of I" dian offi uses hr.s bet n very helidul and beiielici.il to tl superinteixlents in maintaining: law and order on the various Indian reservl tions. The Indians tri'ueral'y accept si' itences imjiosed njton them by Indifltl judges who are memi)ers of their own tribe wiili betrer irra«"e than were tli superintendents to give .ludsnient. Tlie Indian Otlice reijulatioiis contemplate that the.se India-i courts sh;i i h composed ol three Indi;'i> .judsics selecterl from tlie best aad most prof:res>iVi and law-abidin;; Indians of the tribe. The Indians chosen as Judu'i's felt tiia it wf s a:i honor and were glad to serve. anroi>er class of men for the salary i>tYere(| It has lor .some time been imitossible to maintain these i-ourts at the streiu't contemplated, and .in most cases a single judge has jurisdiction of cast's i certain district. It is exceedingly imjiortant that thi'.sc positions he i>r«t\ i for t<» assist the superintendent in maintaining law and ,r)r)0, appro \ iiiately. of the appropritition of that year aniountino: to $8,000. Mr. Mi'.iMTT. In view of the desire of the coniniittee to cut tl ' appro])ria(ions wherever possihk'. T think we can o:e( ahmir with i! $7,000 instead of the $8,000 requested. OENEHAI. EXPENSES OK INDIAN SEHVICK. Mr. Elston. We will pass, tlten. to the ne.xt subject. pMieral penses of Indian Service, which is foinid on pajrt* -•"> of the e.stiniatd For pay of s|ieer annum; for traveling and incident) exp«Mises of such sptn-lal agents, Incbidlng sbH>ping-car fare, and a per ili x[)enses of the competency commission for the Five Civilized Tribes. This commissioa is engaged in removing restrictions from competent Indians. The entire amount estimated will be required for the tiscal year 1922. Mr. Meritt. We have one chief inspector and 13 special super- visors and special agents. Mr. Elstox. I notice that you decreased the total force paid out of this appropriation from 75 in 11)20 to 45 in 1922. Wliat was the reason for that? Mr. JNIeritt. We have been gradually- reducing our force wher- ever ^\■e possibly could. ^Ir. Elston. This does not appear to reduce materially the total amount for salaries, so that it appears that you are paying the 47 about the samo amount in aggregate salaries that you paid the 75. Mr. Meritt. There has been no material increase in salaries in this work. Mr. Elston. Why .should there not be a reduction in the total appropriation, then? Mr. Meritt. You will note that this api)ropriation covers dei ' - assistant clerks, financial clerks, and other employees: also engincti.-. general mechanics, laborers, assistants, and other employees. AVe have been able to pay those employees out of the support fund rather than out of this particular fund. This is our general-expense fund, and wherever we have not the money to meet an emergenc}' we call on this fund to supply the need. Mr. P^LSTON. I notice that there is an item under this headinp that this appr()i)riation is applicable for the pay of employees not otherwise provided for. Mr. MERiT'r. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. And that would be your authority for drawing i>\\ this fund for emergencies under other heads? j Mr. MERrrT. Yes, sir. Wherever Ave can we pay the employees oulj of the regular support funds. There is constant changing of era-j ployees under this appropriation. j Mr. PvLSTON. Do you not feel that it would be better to reduce this approjiriation to the amount actually needed, and increase y«)iai estimate under other heads in order to make the estimate correspond to the obvious specifications of items which it is supposed cover. j Mr. Meritt. We do need a considerable latitude in this appropria; tion to meet emergencies that are unforeseen, but in view of the fac- that we had an unexpended balance last year of $22,()(U). I think tiiiil approi)riation could be reduced to $125,000 in.stead of $135,(X)0 an(j that would still leave us leeway enough to oi)erate. Mr. Elston. Then you could make vour estimates on other nt'rdi as full as you believe it advisable. I tliink that Mould be in gniduai conformity with the direction of Congress made some time ago tlia' you specity the items more particulai'ly than had been done in pre! vious Indian bills. ■ Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. ■ j FOR EXPENSES OF 'COMPETENCY COMMISSION IN FIN I il\ll.l/.ll) lUII.K.' .Mr. Ei.sTON. Does the exi)en.se of the competency commission come under this head? -11 INDIAN APPROPKIATION BILL, 1922. 135 lei' Mr. Meritt. The competency commission in the Five Civilized Tribes comes under this heading. Mr. Elston. Is there a separate heading covering the appropria- tion for competency commissions in general ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Why do you segregate a certain amount of this ap- (J propriation for the work of competency commissions instead of car- in.'>- for it mider the other heading? Mr. Meritt. That was specifically directed by Congress. Mr. Elston. Is the need, which possibly was apparent then for a to(^; special segregation of a part of this fund for competency work, ap- parent now ? Mr. Meritt. We have a competency' commission in the Five Civ- ilized Tribes under th'- item, and a large number of restrictions have been removed in recent years as the result of this work. We have . no objection, however, if the committee desires to take this item out of this bill at this point. I Mr. Elston. Would that decrease still more the amount which you say will be required ? Mr. Dempset, How can you do it under the suggestion of the com- mittee, if Congress has directed that it be included in this item ? Mr. Meritt. That was an annual direction. We used $4,740.50 for compentency work in the Five Civilized Tribes for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1920. Mr. Hastings. You have only one man there and his stenographer, and you pay his traveling expenses and those of a stenographer ? Mr. Meritt. For a part of the year we had more than one man, but in recent months we have only had one man there. Mr. Hastings. What would be your estimate of the expense for the one member of the competency coromission, in addition to a stenographer for him and his traveling expenses ? Mr. Meritt. About $4,000. Mr. Hastings. What is the salary of the member of the compe- tencv commission? ]\rr. ^1!eritt. Usually about $2,000. Mr. Hastings. He acts in conjunction with the various field clerics in whose jurisdiction the member applying for competency lives, does he not ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. I see that you wish to carry forward in the bill the clause which appears to be carried in the previous bills, that $5,000 of the appropriation shall be immediately available. Is that neces- sary? Mr. Meritt. That is not absolutely necessary, but sometimes at the close of the year, during the last few days, things will come up for which we have no appropriation, and this $5,000 is somewhat helpful in meeting the situation. We would be glad to have it con- tinued in the bill. Mr. Elston. If this direction that 10 per cent of the appropriation may be used for continuing the work of the competency commission of the Five Civilized Tribes is stricken out, would you ask for an additional amount under some other heading to make up for striking it out at this place ? 136 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1!*22. Mr. Meriit. T think we could handle that in connection with the item that we have requested on pajre 2G. Mr. Dempsky. The question of the chairman. Mr. Meritt. is whetlier you can handle it Avithout adding^ to any other provision, or whether, if it is stricken out here, it will have to rs of the tribe, believe that if vou are going t(| have a competency commission for the Five (^ivilized Triltes. thatj you ought to liave inemliers on it who know them, who know some thing of their past, who know something of the leading men throughout the tribes, which better qualifies them to do more satis fiictory woi-Jc. rather than to have new men going from tribe tc tribe. IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 137 The members of some tribes might be dechired competent, whereas with different environments and different surroundinfrs they ought not to be declared competent, and we do not believe that the Commis- sioner of Indian Affairs or the Secretary of the Interior ought to be sending a competency commission halfway across the continent to work among members of a tribe that they know nothing about, and hence we have insisted in the last two or three years on having the competency commission to the Five Civilized Tribes there. This man that is on the competency commission does not live in Oklahoma ; he is not an Oklahoma man. but he has been there now some little time, and he knows the leading members of the tribe: he knows the people upon whom he can reh', and he is much better qualified by reason of his work there, his expf~^ence, to pass upon the competency of the members of that tribe than he is of a tribe out in California or Ari- ,;t zona, about which he knows nothing. Mr. Dempset. And where he has to start in from the ground up? Mr. Hastings. Exactly : and it is not agreeable to me to have that changed over and made discretionary. If this committee is going to do that, cut it out of this bill. Mr. Mf.t?ttt. Mr. Chairman, I recognized the wishes of Mr. Hastings and the other members of the Oklahoma delegation in making up the estimates, and in deference to their ^dews we included the item in this form. I am in sympathy with what ^Nlr. Hastings has stated, and believe that no harm will come from leaving the item as we have estimated. Mr. Elstox. Does this mean the acceleration of the work of restor- ing the Indians to competency in the Five Civilized Tribes? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir: and it also means that the affairs of the Five Civilized Tribes are being wound up more rapidly. Mr. Elstox. The sooner they are wound up the sooner the Govern- ment will be relieved of the financial burden in connection with the administration of their affairs in Oklahoma : is not that true ? Mr. IMeritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Elstox. How efficiently and how raoidly is this work of adjudication of competency going on in Oklahoma, as compared with other localities ? Mr. ^NIeritt. It is going on quite rapidly, and I will furnish a statement for the record showing the number of competency cer- tificates that have been issued in the Five Civilized Tribes in the last year. Mr. Dempset. That should be accompanied by a statement of the number of restricted Indians at the earlier dates, so as to show the percentage of those from whom restrictions are removed. Mr. Elstox. It might show further. Mr. Meritt. the proportion of the number of Indians given their competency in Oklahoma under this appropriation of $10,000. as compared with the nimiber of In- dians given their competency under the appropriation of Slo.OOO, so as to estimate whether we' are justified in giving almost half of this monev to Oklahoma where we might naturally expect that al- most half of the competency adjudications would occur : in other words, to show whether that work is being accelerated in Oklahoma in proportion to the large amount of the appropriation that is being applied there. -10 -to 138 IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Dempset. And to show the percentage also. ^Ir. Meritt. In the Five Civilized Tribes last year we have re- moved tlie restrictions on 2,578 Indians. Outside of the Five Civil- ized Tribes we issued patents in fee during the last year to 6,42t Indians. About one-third of the Indians in the United States arc- in Oklahoma. Mr. Elstox. That approaches the percentage of these amount^ also. Mr. Dempsey. Did you say, Mr. Plastings, that your delegation in both Houses was unanimously of the opinion which you have just expressed ? Mr. Hastings. Yes, sir. Mr. Elstox. Do you think that is fair to the other parts of thi country, tliat 10 per cent of a total appropriation of $"25,000 should be devoted to competency work among the Five Civilized Tribes? Mr. Hastings. Mr. Elston, in some of the other tribes there are nt competent Indians, and none ought to be declared competent whereas in the Five Civilized Tribes all must be declared c()m})e tent before April 26, 1931, because the law then declares the re mainder of them competent, and it is the purpose of all to hav« them declared competent between the present time and that ilate. Mr. Dempsey. Itistead of having a violent and sudden change ? Mr. Hastings. Exactly. Mr. Meritt. We would prefer, Mr. Chairman, to have this iten remain as it is, and will take a reduction of $10,000 on the item. Mr. Hastings. I want to say that, roughly, there were 87.000 re stricted members of the Five Civilized Tribes in 1908. There art now approximately 16,000 or 17,000. The Indian Office has not tlvi figures. The Superintendent of the Five Civilized Tribes attempt to give it, but he can not give it and he can not get it very wel unless he takes a census, for the reason that restrictions are remove< by death, and restrictions are removed some two or three times evei on parts of the allotment of an individual, so that if you remov the restrictions from the sale of 10 or 20 acres of an allottee of thi land, that does not necessarily, of course, remove the restriction from all his lands, and they may take three or four bites at th cherry. For that reason, when you give the total number fron whom restrictions have been removed, it does not mean that all i*e strictions have been removed from those allottees. FOR purchase of BOOKKEEPING MACHINE. Mr. Elston. There is an additional clause that you have adde under this heading that does not appear in last year's bill, namely a proviso that not exceeding $8,000 of this apj^opriation shall b immediately available for the purchase of a liookkeeping machin in the Indian Office. What have you to say in regard to that? Mr. Meimtt. We \ery much uooi] (hat machine in oi-r to a«lov modern methods of handling the bookki'eping, and this is the on appropiiation available for that purpose. We need specific authoi ity fi'oni Congre.ss to make the purchase. Ml'. Klston. Do yon iK^ed any more sjiecific authorization foi- th" purchase than yon would need lor the purchase of notebooks c \ INDIAN APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. 189 typewriter, or anything else that is necessary as a part of your office equipment ? ^Ir. Meritt, We have not the funds with which to make the pur- chase. "We purchase the supplies for the Indian Oifice out of the contin- gent fund of the Interior Department, but that fund is so limited that they can not spare $3,000 for the purpose of purchasing a book- keeping machine that is so urgently needed, and we are therefore asking Congress to give us specific authority to purchase that ma chine out of this appropriation. Mr. Elstox, Would the purchase of this bookkeeping machine dispense with the labor of a bookkeeper or clerk? Mr. Meritt. It wouici not dispense with the labor of a clerk, but it would enable us to get our accounts out more rapidly and promptly. iMr. Hastings. It adds to the efficiency of the service? ;Mr. ]Meritt. Decidedly. The following is our justification for the purchase of this bookkeeping machine : The installation of a bookkeeping machine in the Indian Office at Washing- ton is necessary in the interest of economy and efficiency. "With it the appro- priation ledgers can be kept posted and balanced right up to date, which is phy.sically impossible under the old pen-and-ink method with the number of clerks now available for that branch of the work. Moreover, it is an accepted fact that machine bookkeeping is more accurate and reliable than the old hand method and it is being adopted by all up-to-date business concerns. Two clerks at $1,600 each are now doing this work. The use of a machine may not result in an actual saving of money, but it is expected that the ma- chine can be operated by a clerk at. say, $1,400 per annum, which, with other advantages, will make the two $1,600 clerks available for other important and rlij necessary work. C03IPETEXCY COMMISSIONS. ^Ir. Elstox. We will pass next to the item of competency com- missions on page 26. That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, authorized and di- rected to expend not less than $1.5,000 out of applicable funds in the work of ^ determining the competency of Indians by competency commissions on Indian reservations outside of the Five Civilized Tribes in Oklahoma. Have you anything to offer on that ? Mr. Meritt. Mr. Chairman, we have competency commissions! traveling over the Indian country from reservation to reservation, and this appropriation is requested in line with the policy of the Indian Committees of Congress, and the amount requested can be used for that work. Mr. Elstox. Out of what fund will this $15,000 come? ISIr. ^Ieritt. It will come out of the separate support funds throughout the bill. For example, when a competency commission goes on the Flathead Keservation, a member of that competency com- mission will be the superintendent, and he will be paid out of the regular appropriation for that work. These competency commissions usually are special supervisors or other employees paid out of the gen- eral expense fund. Mr. Elstox. This clause has been carried in various bills, has it not, Mr. Meritt ? 140 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. MKHirr. It was cai-ried for the first time in the Indian appro- priation ac-t for the current fiscal year. Mr. Ei,sTON. And is desi^rned to accelerate the competency work '. Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Elston. How much did you use last year for competent y work? Mr. Meritt. $4,740.50 in the Five Civilized Tribes: $:^.493.34 out- side of the Five Civilized Tribes; making a total of $^.'238. 84 ex- pended during the fiscal year 1920. Mr. Elston. The committee last j'^ear went into the subject rather extensively, and. I think, it was pretty well advised about the com- petency work, and I think we have enough data at hand to pass on the question as to the advisability of keeping in this item. INDIAN SERVICE INSPECTORS. Mr. Elston. The next item is that of the Indian Service in- spectors, on page 27 of the estimates : For pii.v of six Infliiui Service inspectors, exclusive of one chief inspector, iit salaries not to exceed $2,500 per annum and actual traveling ami incidental expenses, and not to exceed $3.50 t>er dioni in lieu of subsistence when actuall.v eniploved «n duty in the field away from home or desijrnated headiiu.uters, $25,000. Mr, Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification : Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated ' $25. (X^). «K) Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 25. . IX) J Amount expended 22. 105. 05 \ Unexpended balance 2. S04. !)5 ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITUBES. Salaries, wages, etc $13.84.5.06 Traveling expenses S. 015. 37 Stationery, printing___ 03. 52 Equipment and miscellaneous material 03. 00 Miscellaneous 57. 50 Total 22. 105. 05 11 year. Hiey al.so make special mvestigations ot various employe«'s in the service, and outside jK'rsons who may be attemjtiing to overreach tiie In inefliciencies, and report derelictions, etc. The corp of insiu-cting ollict'rs is now lillt'd, and it w ill reropriated for ID'Jl. Mr. Mi'.Ri'i-r. ^'es. sir. Mr. I*^LsToN. How much of this appropiiation i.s used for ^uhiries. ami how much for in(ir. R, E. L. Newberne, chief medical supervisi>r : r)r. Ferdinand Shoe- maker, assistant medical supervisor. Forestry. — .T. P. Kinney, chief supervisor of forests, MixcrUnuriniH trnrelinfj nfflrinl.s. — Charles E. Dagenett. supervisor of Indian employment: .John K. Dawson, special supervisor: .John R. Wise, special super- \isor; Frank E. Brandon, special supervisor; Charles L. Ellis, special super- 142 INDIAN APPROPRIATTOX BILL, H>22. ^isor; Lawrenco F. Mulinel, special suiiervisor : Walter F. r>ickens. spe«ial RUIiervisor ; Charles I>. Munro. special supervisor; diaries K. ("oe, special s\ipi:- visiir; William II. Hcyer. iraveliiijr auditor; I>;;niel E. Muri>hy, traveliiiL' auditor : Harry W. (^anip, travelin;: auditor. Mr. Elstox. That Avill disclose the various kind.s of agents that nre employed in traveling functions? Mr. Mekitt. Yes, sir. Mr. Dkmi'sey. And whether there are duplications? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. These six inspectors do not do the same • work as the other employees that will be referred to in the state- ment- These inspectors are very much needed to investigate com- plaints that are constantly arising on these reservations, and out of 5,500 employees there are some employees doing things they should not do, and we have to make an investigation of charges of fraud in a great many cases where there is not the slightest fraud or abuse being practiced, but all those things have got to be checked up. and it requires inspectors to do that work. We could use twice as many inspectors as we have to good advantage for the Indian Service. Mr. Elston. And you feel that this is a necessary apiiropriati"!'. and that there are no employees paid for out of this appropriati* that are not absolutely needed. Mr. Meritt. We need everyone of those positions. Mr. Dempsey. You spent about $22,000 last year. Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. determining heirs. Mr. Elston. The next heading is " Determining heirs : '' For the purpose of determining the heirs of deceased Indian allottees havin- any right, title, or interest in any trust or restricted property, under regula- tions, prescribed by the Secretary of the Interior, $ , reinibiirsable as provided by existing law: Provided, That the . Secretary of the Interior is hereby authorized to use not to exceed .$30,000 for the employment of additional clerks in the Indian Office in conntH'tion with the work of determining the heirs of deceased Indians, and examining their wills, out of the .SU)O.(XK) appro- priated herein : Provided further. That the provisions of this paragraph shall not apply to the Osage Indians nor to the Five Civilized Tribes of Oklahoma. What have you to report on that? Mr. Meritt- I offer for the record the following justification: Determining heirs of deceased Indian allottees. I'^iscal yeai- ending .Tune .SO, 1920: Amount appropriated .$1(R), 0(K1. i m t Fiscal .vcar ended .Tune .SO, 1920: Amount ;ipiiropi-i:itt>d KM). 000. (»<• .\iii(iuiil expended S4, 0.">;^. !><'• Unexpended Itnlaiice Aimlysls of expenditures: Sularlcs, wa^res, eli- Traveling exi»enses. ; , Transportation of HU|iplies ,*7 ; 710. 11 ; S7<1. (H) i 20. col. 10 84. 0.-..S, !)0 i INDIAN APPROPEIATION BILL, 1922. 143 Item IS. — The apin-opriation of $100,000 asked for tlie fiscal year ending June 30, 1920, is necessary to enable the department to continue the determination of heirs of deceased Indians in accordance with the provisions of the act of June 25, 1910 (36 Stat. L., 855). The year's probate work ending June 30, 1920, progressed satisfactorily, final disposition having been made of 5,368 heirship cases. Of these, 4,810 woi'e those on which trust patents had issued ; 322 were those on which restricted ie:> patent had issued; 121 were personal property cases; 115 were inherited intere.st cases. A. fee of $15 was charged in each of said cases. Ninety-eight wills were approved in which a fee of $15 was earned, making an aggregate amount of fees earned for the year $82,00io. The mortality among the Indians continued to be very large and it will require the full amount of appi'opriation asked for to carry on this work. The Indian estates consisted not only of lands, but of money deposited in banks, and in the majority of cases the heirs are in need of the money. There are at present 16 examiners of inheritance in the field, with the neces- ' 5ary clerical help in the way of clerks, interpreters, and stenographers. The xaminers are lawyers trained in the work, who proceed to obtain the necessary evidence very much in the same manner as is followed by probate courts. Under the provisions of the act of February 14, 1920 (41 Stat. L., 413), a -iraduated scale of fees is to be charged, running from .S15 to .S50 per case, and rhe fees charged for decided cases for the first three mouths of the present fiscal ear indicate that for the full year the total amount of the appropriation will )e earned, therefore making the work fully self-supporting. Mr. Elstox. I think that appears to be a very satisfactory show- ing. Mr. Meritt, as it appears that even without this readjustment of fees contained in the last Indian bill you earned within $2,000 of rhe amount the Government expends in this work of determining heirs. Mr. Mekitt. Yes, sir. I Mr. Dempset. Mr. Hastings, how does that meet the expectations ■Kid feelings of the Indians? Are they satisfied with the way that Iwork is done ? :|| Mr. Hastixgs. It does not apply to the Five Civilized Tribes, be- cause heirship there is determined in the probate courts. They have a different method of doing it. Mr. Meritt. You will notice on the last page there is a provision as follows : " That the provisions of this paragraph shall not apply to the Osage Indians nor to the Five Civilized Tribes of Oklahoma." That is because there are special acts of Congress applicable to those reservations. Mr. Elstox. I understand. Mr. Meritt, that this sum of $82,000 returned was based on the level fee of $15 per estate; is that right? ]Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elstox. The new schedule which came into effect last July is a graduated schedule running from $15 up to $50; is that correct? 5lr. !Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Elstox. And you believe the collections already made during the last few months' would justify you in stating that the Govern- ment is out nothing on account of this appropriation of $100,000 [for this service, inasmuch as it will receive back, even during the present fiscal year, an amount at least equal to that sum of $100,000 ? jSlr. ]SIeritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Dempsey. And the graduation upward is on the ba.sis of the ' percentage of the amount of the estate? 1 Mr. Meritt. Y^es. sir. I think there will be a surplus at the end 1 |of the fiscal vear rather than a deficit. 144 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, Mr. Hastings. ^Ir. Meritt. I notice you used the expression, " fees earned," instead of '' fees collected." Have you any information to give us as to how much of the earned fees have actuallv been col- lected? Mr. Mkhitt. T have not that data before me. I)ut we will ulti- mately ^et all the fees that have licen earned, because the property is held under trust. Mr. Hastinos. I notice, Mr. Meritt, that in your draft of the pro- posed l)ill for our consideration you have included the lejiislative matter contained in last year".^ Indian bill proviilint| there at all ? . Mr. MERirr. No, sir. Mr. Hastings. Is that (m account of some special provision \\ i! regard to the probate of the estates of the Osage Indians and th' pi'obate of those belonging to the Five Civilized Tribes^ i Mr. Meri'it. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. If there is a special provision of that kiml it wouh be naturally in conflict with the provision here, and that woiih probably control it. inasmuch as it is a special act. without the |)1T vision Ik'I'c that it should not l)e applied to these tribes. Mr. MEurrr. Even without the proviso we would lu^t u.se any o this money in that work for the Five Civilized Tribes or the Osage Mr. Dempsey. You woidd not have the right tt). because it is a t'Utiicly (liHerent system and based on aiu)ther statute. Mr. Meriit. But heretofore Congress has insisted on that bein s|)eci(ically stated in the item. Mr. De.mpsey. Tiu're would l)e iio |)()ssibh' objection to that? Mr. .Meiutt. No, sir. FOR EMI'l.oVMEN r OF ADDPlloN AE CLERKS IN INDIAN OFFICE. Mr. Ti.NKiiAM. I)(. 1 under.stand that the $30,0(H^ for the emplo ment of additional cU'rUs is the same a>< von had hisl xcar^ INDIAN APPROPKIATIOX BILL, 1922. 145 Mr. Mekitt. Yes, sir. Mr. TiNKHAM. The same amount for the same purpose ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. The next item is industry among the Indians : For the purpose of encouraging industry and self-support among tlie Indians and to aid tliem in the culture of fruits, grains, and other crops, $150,000, or so much thereof as may be necessary, which sum may be used for the purchase of seed, animals, machluery, tools, implements, and other equipment necessary, in the discretion of the Secretary of the Interior, to enable Indians to become self- supporting : Provided, That said sum shall be expended under conditions to be prescribed by the Secretary of the Interior for its repayment to the United States on or before June 30, 1930 : Provided further, That not to exceed $20,000 of the amount herein appropriated shall be expended on any one reservation or for the benetit of any one tribe of Indians, and that no part of this appropriation shall be used for the purchase of tribal herds. Mr. Elston. We \Yill hear from j'ou in that connection. Mr. Meritt. I ofler for the record the following justification: INDUSTRY AMONG INDIANS. Fiscal year ending June 30. 1921 : Amount appropriated $100,000. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 100,000. 00 Amount expended 9.5, 389. 90 Unexpended balance 4,610. 10 ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES. Salaries, wages, etc 19,532.28 Traveling expen.ses 357. 25 Transportation of supplies 1.212.27 Telegraph and telephone service . 66 Subsistence .supplies 2,669. 46 Dry goods, clothing, etc 1.80 Forage 47. 12-5. 11 Fuel, lubricants, power, and light service 492.39 Live stock 635. 00 Equipment and miscellaneous material 3, 904. 12 Dipping cattle 329. 00 Seed 16, 711. 21 Miscellaneous 427. 63 Outstanding liabilities 1, 992. 38 Total - 95, 389. 90 The funds appropriated under this item in previous years to promote in- dustry among Indians have resulted in direct benetit to a large number of Indians whose allotments, which in previous years were not cultivated are now productive to some extent. Indians liave been furnished with teams and wagons so as to open a way of earning money by freigliting supplies and hauling crops to market and a goodly number have been started in the cattle industry. To date 35.685 reimbursable agreements with Indians have been executed. Agricultural equipment too large or too high priced for an individual to pur- chase has been bought and charged to the tribe as a whole, reimbursement of tlie amount being made from tribal funds as they accrue. No interest is charged the Indians for the use of reimbursable funds, but a 5 per cent charge has been added to the first cost to offset possible losses from handling. 26630—21 10 146 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. The following appropriations have been made to promote industry among Indians in previous years on all reservations: Act of Mar. 3, 1911 $30,000 Act of June 30, 1913 1(X>.0<10 Act of Aug. 1, 1914 0(10.0(^1 Joint resolution of Mar. 4, 1915 0<>0. ()00 Act of May 18, 1916 3(tO, (kK) Act of Mar. 2, 1917 4(K), 000 Act of May 25. 1918 ir.0,000 Act of June 30, 1919 KK), 000 Total 2, 280, 000 The first two amounts w(M-e revolving funds. The $30,000 has been repaid into the Treasury and can not again be used, but the i?100,(^KM) can be used until June 30, 1924, and is being used over and over again. Of the six roiuaiiung items, approximately $1,000,000 has been repaid up to July 31, 1920, about half of tills amount having been repaid in the past year. The reason for the slow payments previous to this year was due to the fact that a number of the Indians did not fully realize that rei)ayment had to be made. Kor many years before the use of reimbursal)le funds was; started the Indians had been furnished fanning implements and .seed gratuitously or in return for labor. It has therefore in a number of cases been diHicult to make them feel the necessary responsibility and realize that the (>xpenditures from reimbur.sable funds must be repaid. The department has l)een fortunate in obtaining the services of a special supervisor " who is devoting his entire time to visiting Indians who are delinquent in their accounts and explaining to them the terms under which these funds were obtaine funds, rop;iy ment for which can be secured by tlu' increased vaUn-s of animals and prodn. is It is proposed to use approximately $i'0,(XX) of this item on the Hlacki • Reservation, where it is planned to assist a consideralile number of Indian- u engage in farming their irrigated allotments. At the present time the.se Indiiin require ji.ssistance in the way of rations every winter, but a sm-vey recently in li shows that they are now ready to go to work, provided they can be giN .i assistance to make the start. The following extract from the report of ;ii survey will give some idea of the situaticm : " It will take time to get these Indians to become farmers, but now that tin se(> what fine crops the while rentei-s ari- growing on their lands this sea.son \\<<- are for the first lime begiiniing to realize what their lands will produce, aiii niiml)er ol them are anxious to try farming next year. Wlien a few of tlin succeed in raising good <'rops. others will follow Iheir example. And when a the able-bodied Indians become industrious farmers and stoik growers they \\ i Ije independent and i)rosperous. This can not be acnq>Iislied in one, two, c even five years. It will lake tlnu' and iialience, and they must also hav assistance in tlu' way of teams, farndng implements, seeds, liuilding mj^ terial, etc." Throughout the service there are numy Indians who are ready to go to work v tlielr allotments but who have nothing except the land; and the land, bcit junler trust, can not be encnmbereres(Mits, INDIAX APPROPKIATION BILL, 1922. 147 REIMBURSEMEXTS. Mr. Elstox. Yon sjDoke about the collections under the reim- bursable feature of this appropriation, and mentioned that nearly $500,000 had been collected within a certain period in the recent past. Has that money been covered into the Treasury ? Mr. ^Ieritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elstox. I understand that of the appropriations made in the past only $100,000 remains as a revolving fund under authority |1 of law which you are authorized to use from year to year? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Elstox. Then, in so far as those collections under that re- volving fund are made, or if collections were fully made, the funds out of the revohdng fund which you have would be available in addition to your estimates this year? Mr. Meritt. That money has already been loaned. Mr. Elstox. In so far as it is collected, however, it is not covered j into the Treasury ? Mr. Merttt. No, sir. Mr. Elstox. Is that true of only the appropriation of $100,000, made, as I understand, in 1914? Mr. Meritt. That is my understanding. Mr. Elstox. The other appropriations made since 1914 and amounting to one and three-quarters of a million dollars, possibly, are turnecl into the Treasury as soon as recollected ? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Elstox. Of that sum of over a million and a half dollars how much remains uncollected? Mr. Meritt. Probably 60 per cent. Mr. Elstox. Remains uncollected? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastixgs. Has it always been reimbursable ? Mr. IMeritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elstox'. a good proportion of that sum, amounting to 60 per cent of the total of, possibly, a million and a half dollars, which would amount to $900,000, is still outstanding on the books as a charge against individual Indians in the way of loans? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Of course, that is an estimate. That in- cludes also loans on tribal herds. Mr. Elstox. We went into this thing very intensively last year, and I think that the bureau decided to cooperate fully with the committee in trying to make those reimbursable appropriations, of which this is one, reimbursable in fact as well as in name. I think vou stated that this particular appropriation under the head of 'Industry among the Indians," was capable of being collected? Mr. Meritt. That is true. Mr. Elstox. Almost fully? Mr. Meritt. We will collect approximately 95 per cent of this ap- propriation, if not more. Mr. Elstox. Will you supply to the record a little summary of out- standing loans and of the collections made within a recent period, 30 that we can get the rate of turnover in this fund ? 148 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr, Meritt. The informatiop requested is as follows: Amount collected from August 1, 1919, to July 31. 1920. from in- dustry amon^r Indian^; : Tribal. >i242.7:ll.<»r>: individuals. li;ioS.lS2.7H: total. >M^»(),9ia.83. Amount outstanding loans, industry among Indians, on July 31, 1920: Tribal, iii5TS.978.0-l: individuals, 5^471,G44.-19; total, i^; 1 ,0r)0,622 r)3. ]\lr. Elstox, You ask for $ir)().(K)() this year as against an appro- priation in 1921 of $100,000. Mr. Meritt. We do that for the reason that we are anxious t^ enlarge the industrial activities of some of our reservations whei the Indians have no funds, and start farming operations, and whei the conditions are right to begin industrial activities with the Ii dians. For example, on the Blackfeet Reservation the Governme has constructed a large irrigation project at a cost of more tha $1,000,000, and the Indians have seen what can he done on that re^ eryation, and by a litle encouragement and by adyancing them func they will haA'e the equipment to farm. We believe that we car' gradually get those Indians to put the irrigable land under cultiva tion. The Blackfeet Indians occupy a reservation on the l)order o Canada. It is a very difficidt climate. We have to feed more thai 1,000 Indians on that reservation during the winter months. We ar trying to get them where it will not be necessary for the Governmon to make an outlay of such a large amount of money for the suppor of those Indians by teaching them to become self-supporting, and b, adyancing this monev^ to the Indians we think we can ultimately say gratuity appropriations. Mr. Alston. I observe by the detail, published in the Book c Estimates, page 434, that it appears that a good part of the appn priations made under this head of ''industry among the Indians" used for overhead rather than for direct loans to the Indians. ] that correct? Mr. Meritt. No, sir; very little of this money is used for ove head. ' Mr. Elston. Your detail here as to the objects of this expenditu:; of $150,000 does not show what amount is to be used for direct loanj Mr. Meritt. We haye purchased tribal herds and it has bet' necessary to use a part of this money for the maintenance of tho tribal herds (hiring the last winter, on account of the severe winte in the Northwest, especially in Montana, where we had to buy fe« to keep the tribal herds alive. Ml". Elston. .VII expenditures made in that line are in the natu of loans and are evidenced by either pniniisoiy notes or contni( for repayment. Mr. Meritt. We keep books on the proposition, and when we s» the cattle we reind)uise the loans. Mr. Elston. Let us take the total that you have set out heiii the Book of E.stimates with regard to how you intend to «listribi this $150,000 which you are asking for in tlie |)rest'nt bill, ^'ou hn $20,000 estimated ioV wages, $500 for traveling expenses. Mr. Demi'sey. Salaries. Mr. Elston. It says wages. Then, there is $1,000 for transpor tion of supplies; $3,000 for subsistence supplies; $45,000 for foraj ^5l iprol m litiiJ liiaii vfef ,tn( ■rre -port INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 149 $600 for fuel, power, and light service; $28,000 for medical supplies; $25,000 for live stock; $26,000 for equipment and miscellaneous ma- terial; and $1,400 for miscellaneous. Mr. Meritt. And $25,000 for seed. Mr. Elston. Just looking over these items, would you say that any of them are items which are spent without return in the way of reimbursement ? Mr. Meritt. No, sir. Mr. Elston. Although they are designated as reimbursable. For instance, how do you distribute the item of $20,000, wages, to the services that you perform for individual Indians in the way of loans so as to charge them equitably with their portion of that expendi- ture? Mr. Meritt. The wages in that case are for men employed to handle the tribal herds and that will be reimbursed from the sale of cattle. Mr. Elston. And that is a charge carried against the tribal funds ? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Elston. Are traveling expenses the same thing? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Transportation and supplies are probably the same, of course? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Subsistence supplies are supplies doled out directly to the individual Indians as a tribal charge to be repaid? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. You will notice forage is a very heavy expense — $45,000 — because we have to buy feed for the tribal herds to carry them through the winter. Mr. Elston. Can anv part of this general expense in the nature of overhead be an equitatle charge to the Indian for the specific ad- vance for the purchase, we will say, of a cow or horse or something of that kind. Mr. Meritt. Under this appropriation we will purchase cows and horses for Indians but will require them to execute reimbursable agreements. Mr. Elston. And the price you charge the Indian includes a little additional then for this overhead service? Mr. Meritt. We charge 5 per cent additional. For instance, if we lend $100,000, we would have an outstanding account of $105,000, as we think that 5 per cent will cover all overhead expenses and losses and secure the return of the $100,000. We give ourselves a latitude of 5 per cent. Mr. Elston. Not much more than half of the fund represents direct loans to the individual Indians, does it ? Mr. Meritt. That is approximately correct. Mr. Elston. When I spoke of direct loans I did not mean the handling of money to Indians for purchase. I understand that the Bureau makes the purchase for their account and then executes this contract for repayment. Mr. Meritt. Very largely; where some of the Indians are com petent w^e allow them to exercise their judgment, but for a large pei cent we purchase the goods for the Indians. Mr. Elston. Do you need that extra agent in the administratio' of these funds ? 150 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, Mr. Meritt. Xo. sir: and as the tribal herds are reduced, and they are being gradually reduced, the number of employees will be lessened, and that will leave more money to be loaned to the indi- vidual Indians. It is my personal belief that this i-eimlnn-sai>le ap- propriation should be used very largely to aid individual Indians, but because of the fact that we have tribal herds it has been neces- sary to maintain them, and we have ha- for the nse of superin(»»ndcnls, fanners, i)h.vsicians, field matrons, allotliiiir irri;;ation. and other employees in the Indian field service: I'ruridrtl. That imi to exceecl .$1."),00() may be used in the purchase of horse-drawn passeiifrer-i-any ing vehicles, and not to excee«I .s;4(M>f>0 for the purchase of niotor-pro)>cll<'( l»asscnj.'er-carrying vehicles, and that such vehicles shall be used oidy loi ollicial service: I'nuiilctl fiirtlur, That such motor-] iroitelled vehicles shall Im purchased from the War Department, if practicable. Mr. Mkriti'. I offer for the record the following justifii-ation : An appropi'iation of funds is not involved in Ibis iicm: it is merely at, autborizalion propriations loi the purchase, repair, etc., of passen;;er-carryin.e vehicles for the Indian Service made necessary by legislation of Congress proldbiting the use of public ftnid ffir the punliase of passenger-carryini: vehicles without special authority. The territory of liie Indian li<'ld servic«> Is very large, which makes ii neceH' sary in the adininislralion of alTairs of the Indians unrtation of supplies Forage 208.83 Equipment and miscellaneous material 24. 24 Diseased horses destroyed (463) 17,292.50 Outstanding liabilities 3, 456. 85 32, 519. 02 The work of eradicating contagious diseases among the live stock of the Indians has been actively carried on during the past six or seven years, and the beneficial results are now apparent at the re.servatious where such work has been carried on. Reports indicate that contagious diseases have been en- tirely eradicatetl from the Indian reservations in the Northwest and that the eradication work on the Southwest reservations can practically be completed within the next year with the exception of one or two of the large reservations where there are a large number of wild horses running at large. The amounts appropriated for the last two years have been inadequate to' meet the expenses of carrying on this work and reimburse the Indians for their hor.ses killed, and as a result there are now unliquidated claim.s for horses killed amounting to about $6,000 or $7,000. In view of the fact tliut the work has been completed on a large proportion of the reservations, it is believinl that $40,000 will be sufficient to carry on tlie work during the fiscal year 1922. We are asking for the same amount as appropriated last year. Mr. Elston. I understand if this amount is granted that a mueli less amount will probably be asked for next year. Mr. Dempsey. In other words, you are practically free from di.>^- ease in the Northwest, and your onl}' trouble now is in the Soutliwest. Mr. Mehitt. That is true. We have been cooperating very closely;] with the Dei)artment of Agriculture in this work. Mr. De.mi'sey. And you pay tlie Indians where vou kill a diseased horse. Mr. Meiutt. We jiay them for tlie diseased horses killed. Ml". Ki.srox. Are tliere ai)propriations nuule by Congress in the agricultural bill to do this same kind of work? Mr. MEurrr. Not on Indian reservations. Mr. P^LsTox. They are expressly excepted from such legishition? Mr. Meiutt. I do not know tliat they are exi)ressly excepted, but they recjuire us to do this work, but we do get the benefit of their ex- l)eit knowledge and their coopei'ation. .Mr. Demi'sey. In other words, their experts advi.se you as to what to do? Mr. Meiu'it. Yes, sir. We keep in close touch with the Department of Agriculture on everything relating to their work, and we gc'( (he l)en('li( of expert a(h'ice from (ha( dc|)ar(iucnt. Mr. Mi.sToN. lias an inves(nien( beiMi made in C(|ui|)iutMU so that you have (lie Use of this ecjuipnu'nt now. and therefore there is not INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 11)22. 153 anj' necessity for asking tor an appropriation for equipment each time, each year? Mr. Meritt. It will not be necessary to ask for equipment to amount to anything. You will notice that the anaylsis of the ex- penditures of last year's appropriation for miscellaneous material was $24.24. DE\^LOPING WATER FOR INDIAN STOCK. Mr. Elston. The next subject is developing water for Indian stock. . For improving springs, drilling wells, and otherwise developing and conserv- ing water for the nse of Indian stocl^, including the pureliase, construction, and installation of pumping machinery, tanks, troughs, and otlier necessary equip- ment, and for necessary investigations and surveys, for the purpose of increas- ing the available gi-azing range on unallotted iands on Indian reservations. $50,000: Provided. That the necessity exists on any Indian reservation so far. as the Indians themselves are concerned. Mr. ]Meeitt. I offer for the record tlie following justification: WATER SUPPLY FOR STOCK AND INCREASING GRAZING ON UNALLOTTED INDIAN LANDS. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated 1 '. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated ^ $50, 000. 00 Amount expended 34, 248. 68 Unexpended balance 15, 751. 32 ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES. Salaries, wages, etc 5,029.18 Traveling expenses Live stock 860. 00 Equipment and miscellaneous material 140.00 Outstanding liabilities 28, 219. 50 34, 248. 68 ■ The purpose of this item is to provide funds for a competent survey of the I I water situation on the grazing areas of the different Indian reservations in I order to locate and develop water at places where such action will make it pos- sible to utilize to the best advantage all the grass on a given area. A simiar appropriation was made for the past year, but owing to the fact that it was impracticable to procure labor to do the work in the isolated sections, where such development was needed, only a portion of the appropriation was used. Development work of this character is absolutely necessary to successful ad- vancement of the Indians in their live-stock industry and to enable them to use all the grass available. If appropriated, these funds will be used approximately as follows : MESCALERO RESERVATION, $7,5110. The range of this reservation is about stocked to its capacity with tribal, in- ;lividual, and lessees's stock The Indian stock is increasing rapidly, and unless the available range is increased by the development of water, it will be neces- sary to reduce the acreage leased, thereby reducing the income available for .can-ying on the activities of the reservation. On the other hand, the develop- iraent of water will increase the capacity of the range and thus enable the In- dians to become self-supporting through their live-stock activities. 154 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. JICABILLA EESEBVATION, |7,500. During the past year the individual Indian holdings of sheep on this reserva- tion have been increased by about 10,000 or 12,000 head, which has resulted ia the Indians taking a more active interest in their industrial advancement There is ample forage on the range for the sheep, and also a considerable addi- tional number wliich the Indians may acquire either as natural increase or by purchase, providing the water i-esources are properly developed. This relates particularly to the southern addition to the reservation, when* there is now comparatively little water available. UTE MOUNTAIN RESERVATION, $7,500. During the past year a herd of sheep have been purchased and placed on this reservation with a view of establishing the sheep industry there and assist thft Indians to embarli in that industry. There have been a number of springs and seeps which have furnished a limited supply of water in the past. A number of these have gone dry during the last year or two, probably due to earthcpi in that locality. Development of water on adjoining reservations has pr- very successful, and similar work on this reservi^tion is absolutely necessary ii the Indians are to carry on their live-stock work to the best advantage. SAN CARI-OS AND FOKT APACHE RESERVATIO.NS, $10,000. During the past two years the Indians of these reservations have bee i actively interested in the improvement and development of their live-stock iii : e.sts as a means «)f earning a livelihood. The nature of the country where li reservations are located is such that very little of the land is valuable for . tiling but stock raising. Wliile conditions on the range are good this year will suppoit the stock grazing there, it is nec(*ssary to develop water so that tin parts of the range more remote from water can be utilized iu seasons when gras. is not so plentiful. Such work will be of material benetit to the Indians an« greatly aid them in their efforts to a \vi) not use this compels the newspapers to wait at least 90" days, and in some cases it has extended over a year or more before payment is made. This uncertainty as to paymen has made it practically impossible to obtain J bids for advertising in certain localities, and it has a general tendency to iu-j crease the rates. A reimbursable appropriation of $G,0(K) places this advertis- ing on a ca.sh basis with the papers selected; it increases coniiv ition, and' thereby reduces the rates. This is a reimbursable appropriation that enables us to pay fori advertising for the sale of lands, and it will bo fully reimbursed to the (irovernment. The newspajiers heretofore have olijocted to the long delay necessary, and it will enable us to pay the money imme- diately when it is due. It is simply a question of accounting. Mr. Elston. Has there been any difficulty in making these colKi tions in the past ? Mr. Meritt. No difficulty, but it re(iuires a lui'sed, by iraiisCcr lliroiigh acconnis of dislmrslm: olllcers of olliei wise. Ci-oiii appropriations and liiiids which are applicaltlc for the various agcnods and supplies are subse«pHMitly nts. generally speaking, are considered slow pay, because of the cumbei-some ma- chinery required to expend rfovernmenr funds. The Government unquestion- ably is penalized in the prices it pays because of this condition. The Indian Office has endeavored to make its service an exception to this rule. WJiereas K few years ago supply claims were paid tlirough the Indian Office and the auditor for the Interior Department, taking weeks and sometimes months to offect settlement, most of our bills now are paid within 30 days by field dis- bursing oflicers. Dealers, as a rule, quote prices net for payment "in 30 days, and consequently our payments to them on a net basis might be considered generally satisfactory. But there is no good reason why we should not take advantage of discounts offered for payment within 10 days if it were prac- ticable to do so. This would financially benefit the Government and please with whom the Indian Service transacts its business. Supplies bought by individual field officers are now paid for by them on re- ceipt of the goods, unless the consignment is first delivered to an' Indian ware- house or some other Government representative, in which case they are paid for by the field officers on receipt of the invoices certified to by the receiving officer. Supplies bought under general contracts clear througii a warehouse as a rule, accompanied by an invoice for each school, agency, etc., interested. ,. The invoices are distributed to the field officers for payment. Due to time con- l| sumed in transmission of papers, pressure of other work, lack of funds, neces- ' sity for taking the transaction into official accounts, etc., it has proven im- practicable to pay the bills within the 10-day discount period, especially those covering general contract supplies. From the standpoint of the contractor, the present system, while resulting in payment within 30 days, is ob.lectionable because they are required to render a sepai-ate invoice for every individual unit and subunit of the service for which the goods are intended, and brings to them Government checks anywhere up to 130 or more in number on each delivery, for the reason that each disbursing officer receiving a part of the consignment is required to pay the invoice covering it. One can readily appre- ciate the extra bookkeeping involved in recording these numerous charges and payments. The proper thing to do is to effect an arrangement by which a general con- tractor, making one large delivery, may cover it by one invoice and receive payment in. 10 days by a single check at the first point where the goods are turned over to the Government, i. e., by the individual field officer, as at pres- ent, on supplies delivered direct to him and by disbursing officers at the ware- houses, on the general contract supplies, which involve annually from two to two and one-half million dollars. This latter can not be done under our present conditions. Our appropriations are too many and too complicated. A change is required which will simplify the receipt and expenditure of necessary pur- chasing funds. This can be done very readily through the a.gency of the item now being discussed. This is not an appropriation, in the sense that money will permanently be taken from the Treasury. The matter is largely one of account- ing. It means that after the regular appropriations for the service have been made, there will be set aside tentatively the sum of $500,000, to be used in pay- ing supply bills. The disbursing officer who will pay these bills will draw only on this one fund, and the bill will be paid within 2 or 3 days and always within 10 days from the date the goods are accepted by the proper official of the service. Immediately after paying the bill, an adjustment will be made on transfer vouchers,' charging the specific appropriation or fund out of which the unit is supported and crediting the revolving fund. It can readily he seen that ainiost by the time the check drawn on the revolving fund reaches the Treasury and actually becomes a charge against this fund, the reimbursement can be made. Likewise, within a very short time after the close of the fiscal year, the revolving fund should be again intact. In reality, the authorization of the use of this money is not an increase in the amount appropriated, as. owing to the fact that payments will spread over the entire year, a reimbursement of the fund will be effected almost im- mediately and funds in the Treasury should be depleted to a very small extent 158 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. at any one time. It is estimated that a net saving to the Government of nior^, than $50,0(X) will icsulr after the proposed system of payment Is known to the trade, as not only the usual discount for " cash " hut bottom prices will result. Mr. Elstox. Mr. Meiitt, this matter was very fully presented to the committee last year; was it not ? Mr. Mehitt. It was. Mr. Elstox. And it was very fully discussed by the committee. Mr. Merritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. I think that your argument appealed to any business, head, but whether it is possible to get Conorress to appropriate $500,- 000 for use by the Indian Bureau as a revolving fund for the pur- pose you mentioned is questionable. It may be also that this item being in the nature of an authorization for a new appropriation ta be used for the i>urpo.se mentioned could only be heard by the Indian Affairs Committee under the distribution of power between this sub- committee and the Indian Affairs Committee. I tliink. however, that your justification and that the very full argimient and discus- sion of last year, contained in the hearings of last year, which are available to this subcommittee, would be a very full presentation of the subject. Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir, ARIZONA. f Mr. Elstox'. We next come to the various State appropriations, and' the first State is Arizona. We will listen to your explanation of that..> Skc. 2. For suf-nort :uid civilization of Indians in Arizona, including: pay of employees, *190,0{)0. ^ Mr. Meritt. We offer for the record the following justification for the support and civilization of Indians in Arizona: SUPPOKT OF INDIANS IN ARIZONA AND NEW MEXICO. Fiscal year endiui; June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated — Arizona $200. 000. 00 New Mexico 130. 0(X). (X) Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 330, (kW 00 Amount expended 330, 000. om ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITtmES. Salaries, wages, etc 1&3, 818.21 Traveling expenses 8,770. ."1 Transportation of supplies . 10,807.72 Telegraph and telephone service 757. ."7 Stationorv, i»rinting, schoolroom supplies 310. !>;5 Suhsistcnco supplies 2:^.008. 10 Dry goods, clothing, etc 2. lAfy 27 Forage 8, om. o.l Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 13, 135. ;^» Medical supplies, etc 7, Oll.f)!. Live stock 4. 2L3. (K) K(|uiiinn'til and niisci'llaneous material 40, 4rv4. r)0 Care of Indigent Indians 2, 22.'). 73 Medical and hospital expense 1.437.80 Seed and trees 2,214.31 Mi.sccilancouH 1. 007. 70 Oulstandlng liabilities 27, 830. 67 830, 0(H>. 00 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, 159 SUPPORT OF INDIANS IN ARIZONA AND NEW MEXICO E^XPENDED IN ARIZONA. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated $200,000.00 ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITUREJS. Salaries, wages, etc 101,698.94 Traveling expenses — 4, 776. 86 Transportation of supplies 12,689.92 Telegraph and telephone service 318. 64 i«8§j Stationery, printing 72. 32 Subsistence supplies 6, 9r)0. 00 Dry goods, clothing, etc 1,324.59 Forage 7\, 207. 62 "Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 7, 895. 35 Medical supplies, etc 3,168.61 Live stock 1, 12:". 00 Equipment and miscellaneous material 25, 474. 09 Care of indigent Indians 2, 225. 73 Medical and hospital expense 1, 402. 80 Seed 385.53 Miscellaneous 829. 21 Outstanding liabilities — 15, 103. 82 190, 649. 03 Priftr to the fiscal year 1921 a combined appropriation had been made each year for the support of Indians in Arizona and New Mexico, the amount of $330,000 having been allowed. An arliitrary division of this appropriation was made for 1921, definite sums of $200,000 and $130,000 having been set aside for juse in Arizona and New Mexico, respectively. This division has been found to be not equitable in the case of New Mexico, as the amount of $130,000 is not sufficient to support the necessarv activities in that section. The amount of $10,000, in addition to the hereinbefore said .'^130,000, totaling $140,000. would render the appropriation adequate for New ^Mexico, at the same time causing a more equitable distribution by allowing $190,000 for the Arizona allotment instead of $200,000, as in the liscal year 1921. The Indians benefiting under this appropriation are scattered over a large territory either living on reservations established for their use and occupancy or on the public domain. Stock raising is the principal industry of the Indians of this State, although a good number are engaged in agriculture where it is found that their land is adapted to the purpose. Efforts are being made to ndvance these Indians in the industries in which they are engaged. The entire amount of the appropriati<:>n requested will be required for the support and civilization of the Indians of Arizona during the fiscal year 1922. For the reasons given above, the proviso to allow $10,000 to be deducted from the support fund for Arizona for the fiscal year 1921 and to be used at the dis- cretion of the Secretary of the Interior for the support of the Indians in New Mexico for the remainder of the fiscal year 1921, is inserted in the item for support of Indians in New Mexico. , Mr. Elston. This sum of $190,000, I understand, is to cover the overhead of Indian administrative activities in Arizona, and in- cUides lar^rely the maintenance of tlie agencies ? Mr. Meritt. That is true. Mr. Elston. Will you give a brief survey of the use to be made of this appropriation in a general way ? Mr. Meritt. We have in Arizona a large number of Indian reser- vations. You will observe on this map of Arizona that the yellow inclosures indicate the Indian reservations. There are about 40,000 full-blood Indians in Arizona. We are required to keep superin- tendents and other necessary employees on each one of these Indian reservations. 160 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, Mr. Dempsey. Does that one in the northea.-t comprise more than one? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Dempsey. How many is it divided into? Mr. Mf:RrrT. The Navajo country is divided into the Western Navajo, Moqiii. Navajo extension, San Juan, and the Puel)lo Bonito Reservation. Mr. Dempsey. Bonitos is not marked yellow as the rest are? Mr. Meritt. A "rood many of those Indians live on the public domain and part of that land iias been thrown open. It was for- merly within the reservation and there are a lar^re number of In- dians livinfr within Pueblo Ponito jurisdiction. These superin tendents have under their jurisdiction the farmers. Held matrons, and stockmen, and they have schools on each one of these reservations. We have one very large nonreservation boardinfr school at Phoenix. That is provided for by a specific appropriation. We have a number of irrigation projects in Arizona, too, which are provided for specifically in the Indian bill. Mr. Elston. Of course, this appropriation of $190,000 does n go to pay the salaries of farmers, matrons, or school-teachers, etc IVIr. Meritt. It goes to pay the salaries of some of the farmer Not all of our farmers are paid out of that other appropriation We use items throughout the bill to supply the fund for the pay- ment of salaries of farmers. We have '2\7 farmers in the India Service and 145 of those farmers are i)aid out of the regular ite for that work, but some of the farmers are paid out of the sui)i)0 items found throughout the bill. \ Mr. Dempsey. About 70. Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. I can give you an analysis showing t positions and the employees Ave have in Arizona, showing the sal ries paid and the positions they fill. Mr. Elstox. They are the same as last year? Mr. Meritt. The same as last year. There will be no new eni' ployees, and this appropriation is not for the purpose of increasini| salaries, but simply to carry on the operations that have heretofo been conducted among Indians in Arizona. Mr. Elston. lender this ajipropriation of $190.(X)0, segregate now for Arizona, I understand it is to maintain and keep in opera tion the agencies and the jdants that are already constructed. Mr. ]\Ieritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. And that there is nothing new to be carried on u der this appropriation? :j Mr. Meritt. No, sir. | Mr. PjLston. It is to maintain the present order. Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. And largely for the mere agency |)iirposes. main tenance of theii- operations tliere? Mr. MicRirr. Yes, sir. Mr. Dempsey. I see by the amilysis of the expenses, that $1C;^.0() of the $.'5;5( ),()()( I was for .salaries and wages. Mr. Mkiutt. That is true. Mr. Dkmpskv. And $-l(>.(iO() for euuipment and miscellaneoii materials. That makes $'209,(H)() out ot tiie $a:^(),()()(). and tlie other are smaller items. 1 INDIAN APPROPRIATrOX BILL, 1922. 161 Mr. Meritt. Out of this item. We also furnish for the old Indians, some subsistence supplies and we also issue e(iuii)ment to some Indians avIio are not able to reimburse the Government under the reimbursable fund, but we are trjdng to keep that item down to the lowest possible figure. Mr. Dempset. Is that country Avhere these reservations are located a rather fertile country? Mr. Meritt. Part of the land is exceedingly fertile, but a largi part of it is grazing land. The land is of no value for agricultural purposes unless it is irrigated, as a general rule. IRRIGATIOX projects. ^Ir. Dempset. Part of it is irrigated. You have some irrigation plants there. Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir; we have an irrigation plant — a very fine irrigation plant — on the Pima Reservation, an irrigation plant on the Colorado River Reservation, and also an irrigation plant on the Yuma Reservation. Mr. Dempset. "When irrigated, is the land both fertile and pro- ductive i ^h\ Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Dempset. Highly so ^ ]Mr. Heritt. Highly so. Mr. Dempset. What crops do they raise? Are the}' Temper-ite Zone, or are they southern crops ? Mr. Meritt. They raise alfalfa and grains of various kinds and a great deal of lcna:-staple cotton. Mr. Elstox. There are some oranges in the southern part. ^Ir. Hastings. All kinds of fruits. Mr. Merttt. Yes. sir. Mr. Dempset. Is not this one of the things whereby the Indian can be rapidly raised from the dependent to the independent status? Mr. ^Meritt. I'es. sir. For example, on the \ uma Reservation. 1(» years ago those Indians were doing nothing along industrial lines. We constructed an irrigation project on that reservation recently, and now some of those Indians are going to be absolutely independent, and are getting their lands under cultivation, and are grov\-ing as many as eight cuttings of alfalfa a year on the land that is getting to be exceedingly valuable. Mr. Dempset. What do they do with alfalfa ? Is it consumed locally or sent away? Mr. Meritt. Part of it is consumed locally, and part of it is shipped. Mr. Dempset. Are the holdings of land large in proportion to tlie number of acres they use ? Mr. Meritt. Not so very large. The allotments are small on the small reservations and large on the large reservations, depending on the population of the Indians. For example, on the Yuma Reser- vation we have allotted 10 acres of irrigable land to each Indian. We have done the same thing on the Colorado River Reservation. Mr. Demp.set. Those are both irrigated land ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. 26630—21—11 162 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922 i Mr. Dempsey. You do not fi lands wcvv ii'i'igated and these Indians leai'ncd the habits of indu^li y this appropriation ought to decrea-e. Mr. Flston. Of course, Mr. Meritt was speakinir of a \ery sniall fi-actional part of the Indian lands in Ai-izona. There is this grrit Navajo coimti'v in northern Arizona, that comj)i'ises as much as ail the New lOnglaud States, in a high plateau oi' mesa, that has im i B :-|l INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 163 water upon it and is extremely mountainous, and wheit- you can not raise crops of any kind excejDt in a few j^laces. Mr. Demi'Sey. In your judi)f>rt of liiiliniis in Ariidiid dinl Xi ir Mr.rii-o — Ttilul cd'yvuditurvn- Arizona. Mew Mexico. Miscellanpous. Tolnl. 1016 1 .5is^s,7i)«.41 » 199.7{M.3:{ ' KM. J i:.. 12 ?!■:(). ii.vi.ifi 117, 127. (Kl «o,:wi.fi.^ «in,f.ii in \ri/(m;i ainl New \h'\ifils mi tin* IikUmii •Mdiiivi', Ariz., aiitl I't'i" imy of siipciiiilfiKlciit, $l(>.:!0(t: fm- ^'fiu-nil n-pnirs ai improvcnieiKs, $(J,(MH1; in all. $r»li,:«K)— and I offer for the record the following justilication. % INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 11)22, 165 l)uli(ni scJiool, Fort Mojurc, Ariz. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated S35. OoO. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amoiuit appropriated 35,050.00 Amount expended 34. 91S. 12 Unexpended balance 131.88 iji- Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, waives, etc L $11,145.98 Traveling expenses, 349. 2-* ansportation of supplies 280. 49 ilegraph and telephone service 209. 35 tationery, printing, .schoolroom supplies 303.65 ubsistence supplies 7. 098. 9G ry goods, clothing, etc 4,801.-53 rage 429. 10 el, lubricants, power and light service 4, 364. .32 tedical supplies, etc .57. 03 uipment and miscellaneous material 3,914.45 d 181.70 Outstanding liabilities 1, 122. 32 Total 34, 918. 12 . REPAIRS AND IMPROVEMENTS. Fiscal year ending .June 30. 1921: Amount appropriated .$3,800.00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 3. 800. 00 Amount expended 3, 799. 15 Unexpended balance . 85 Analysis of expenditures: Repair of buildings 3,732.09 Outstanding liabilities G7. 06 3, 799. 15 Statistical statement for year ending June 30, 1920. Value of school plant (real property) (decrease in value of property due to destruction of school building by fire) $76,828 Number of buildings 32 Number of emplovees 18 Total salaries .^2. 190 Average attendance of pupils 150 Average enrollment 160 Capacity 200 Co.st per capita based on enrollment $193 Cost per capita based on average attendance $206 Area of school land (acres) 1.040 Area of school land (acres cultivated) 30 Value of agricultural products $365 Value of other school products .$2, .336 Indian money, proceeds of labor (school earnings) expended 88.59 Superintendent's estimate of absolute needs for 1922 : Support $46,300 Repairs and improvements 6,000 Equipment 5. .500 Total 57,800 166 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Roquost<'(l in pniposcd )»iil idr 1922: Support and educatiun of 2(X) Indian pupils at the Indian school, ", ', Ml Repairs and improvements (i. himi Total r)2, :?00 Salaries and positions, 1920: Super! nlfudent : .0C Disciplinarian 48 Teacher 7i Teacher 7J Teacher Matron . GO(J Assistant matron '■•^' Nurse Cooli Seamstress ti Laundress "■>4i Enjjineer "-41 Carpenter '-' Farmer TJ Laborer ' -' Laborer 'i'' Assistant . ^i^x 12.19* The amount rerpiirod for operation and cfhication of 200 Indian pupils au'l '"" salary of suiierintendent is .*?40,3O0, this beinj; on the basis of ."s22ri per ca. .i This is for .10 more pui)ils than was approjjriared for last year. This school has a capacity of 200 puiiils and Arizona has ninny more (•hi!''t" of scliool acre than the capacity of its schools can accommodate. In addition to the ^vneral repairs needed, imitroveiuents are necessary t" ili buihlin.Lrs to accomnxKlate the extra -"lO children, and tn irive them the indus' a instruction called foi- in the ])rescribed course of study for Indi.ui schools. Tl - improvements include a sewing ro(»m f(»r the jrirls and a carpenter shoj) for ih boy.s. A storage room for ice is needed, and is a necessity in this country wher the climate is so veiy warm, in order to preserve supplies of food. etc. Fir escapes and new ceilinjrs are also need«'il in all the buildiiiirs. Ml-. PvLSTOX. Why do you make this appropriation applicahl for 200 i)upils instead of loO. which you asked for htst year^ Mr. ^Ikimtt. We can increa.se tlie capacity of this school to -JO hy niakinir some smtill improvements there, and inasmuch as we h;iv over 7.000 In(han children in Arizona without school facilities w want to increase the cai)acity of those Southwest schools to th maximum. Ml-. Ki.sTcN. Ts there a demand for this addiliomd space at th Fort Moja\e school^ Ml-. MKiiirr. Yes, sir. Ml-. Fi.sToN. A\'hen did you expi'ct to ha\e the school reaily fo occupancy i'or tiu'se ;")() additional Indian |)ui)ils^ Mr. Mkkitt. At the l)e!' the school year, iu the ne> fiscal year. Mr. Ki.s'i'o.N. How much do you estimate will lie uuiuiied in th- way ot" additional money to provide lor these pujiils^ .Sir. Mi;i{irr. ^\'e can provide for those out of the increased api>ix |)riatioii for jreneral repairs and improvements — $(5,000 — by provic 'mi-S slecpiiiiT |)orclics. w hi(-li will not ne(-essitate |)uttin. 5. Education and school facilities : The Fort :Mo.iave Indian school is located on a mesa about 40 feet above the bed of the Colorado River. The plant con- tains three large dormitories, two for boys and one for girls. Our dormitory capacity is sufficient to accommotlate 350 students. The dormitory for girls is much the largest of the three and therefore we can accommodate about an equal number of girls and of boys. We are now receiving bids for the con- struction of a new school building which will accommodate 200 students or possibly a little more than that number. Our children's mess hall will accom- modate 200 students. We have all the shops necessary for instruction, as l:i 168 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. reciuired for the prevocational work in the course of study adopted by our s«'rvife, iiiid it would bo easy to arranpe for two years of vocational workif we were authoriz»*d to extend the course. The possiliility for a jiood farm and the climatic conditions make it pos- sible to feed and clothe students at a much lower c(»st than in colder climates. Larjre amounts of money are beinj,' exi)cnded to improve the hi;rhways in this section aiid future developments will most likely lie very rapid. Thus it ap- pears tiiat Fort Mojave can easily be made one of the desirable locations of our service. We have just completed the installment of a new electric lijrht plant, and our employees are beKinnin;; to look forward to a more iiro.sperous future. Our preat need for next year is an appropriation un facts, it would seem, are sufhcient to prove the great need of a liberal appm- priation for our needed improvements. The change that would follow Anil make possible the planting of shade trees and the beautifying of the grounds, and with other imiirovements, will eliminate the heretofore complaints about our climate — at least will lessen same. We are in the State that has the largest lists of Indian children that are not in school, and we are in the north- ern half, which half contains the largest number that have not school facili- ties. It would seem that arrangements should be made to use the full capacity of our school. G. Health and hospital conditions: We have a small hosjiital which sbouhl be enlai'getl. At present we can acconmiodate 20 patients. Often we receive tho sick from the reservation and therefore in case of an epidemic we have not the capacity we should have. Special attention should be taken to construct the.| additions with facilities for keeping them as cool as jMissible in the summer time. We have a good supply of medicines, a physician, and a nurse. KOADS .VNU BRIDGES. The roads leiidiiig to our school have no need of very many bridges, luu we do need a few at places where there are washes. At present we have no bridges. Our mesa roads near the school are usually goo. .M.vers, linjincial clerk; saliiry, .>tM) (over 80 years since first entered service ). H. I>. Siimpsell, carpenter; .salary, .•j;720 (abotit 10 years' service). Augusta Lynn, cook; salary. $C>00 (about years' servi«-e). Anna Fschief, jissistani ; salary. ."<.*i(Mt ( I year's service). Nynni, tissistani ; salary, .$.'i(K) labout S yejirs' service). In addition to (lie posiijons named nhove there nre lO others filled 1>.\ tempo- rnry eMijiloyces. I wish to iliaiOi you sincerely for .vour Inqtiiry and for all p:isi Mild fnture favors. \ery truly, y. .">!t7. (X OntPtiindins liiiltiHries 2, 9<»:>. OC 12, r^Xt. (X STATISTICAl, STATKMKNT KOK VKAH KM)lX(i .IINK .JC. I'.rzo. Value lit scliodl ])l;iiit (real property) $42S. ".i>%{ Xuiiilifr uf l»uil"' Value of other school products ${». 18* Indian money, proceeds of lal)or (school earninjrs) expended S;4. ."7; Superintendent's estimate of absolute needs for 1922: Su!»port - ^ $208. .".O Rei)airs and improvements 2.". (M^ New buihllngs and equipment ;"(• mt Total 21 Requested in proposed bill for 1922: Support and education of ToO Indian pupils at the Indian School and siiperintendent's salary l-'rj. "" Repairs and improvements 2."., "" New buildings and equipment oo. ^i Total___ 227 " POSITIONS AM» SAl.AIMKS, 1!>20. Superintendent ■"^- " Financial clerk 1. -" Clerk 1. '"» Assistant clerk ''• Do 7^ Physician 1 ' '" Disciplinarian 1 . I'o Assistant disciplinarian "1 Do L ■'» Principal teacher i I" Teacher !'<► Do — ^T Do ^1 Do J. ^1 Do ., TV I>o ;^ Do ." Do Ti: Do_.. T.' Do TJ Do '! Matron >^1 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1!)22. 171 Assistant matron SOO:) Do GOD Do fiOO Do ^ 6(X» Nurse 840 Teacher of domestic art. $72 per mouth 720 Seamstress OOo Assistant seamstress 300 Tailor 720 ^Laundress GOO jBaker 540 Y^Cook ^ 660 Houselceeiier 600 Domestic science teaclier 840 Hospital cook 600 Superintendent of industries 1.200 Carpenter 1.060 Farmer 1, 200 Printer 1,000 Plumber 900 Dairyman 900 Gardener 840 *ainter: 900 ^Blacksmith 1 900 Band instructor 780 Enarineer ]. 2O0 Assistan engineer 900 Do 300 Laborer 720 Do 720 Do 720 Do 720 Assistant 300 46, 420 The sum asked for support of the Phoenix school will provide for 7."i0 pupils at a per capita co-^t of $200. This is 50 more pupils than were provided for last year. The entire Indian school capacity in Arizona, and, in fact, a much larger capacity is needed, to provide educa ion facilities for Indian children of the State. The school phint at Phoenix consists of 56 buildings, valued at $428 989. The buildings at this school are old and many of wooden construction. They are badly in need of repairs as very few repairs have been made for the last few years, which is shown by the depreciation in value of these buildings. An assembly hall at this school has been needed for many years. The present one will seat only 360 people, and the school has an enrollment of 7(X) students with a force of about 60 employees. Each program must be given twice in order to have the entire student body attend. The school should have an audi orium large enough to seat its student body at one time. $50,000 is requested for this assembly hall, which sum includes equipment. Mr, Elstox. Then, the increase in your estimate.s for this item is caused by the need, as you state, for an assembly hall and equipment in the amount of S,50.000 ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir: and also for additional 50 pupils. AVe can proyide the capacity for them by building additional sleeping porches. Mr. Elstox. Is that school crowded to its capacity now ? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. El.stox. And there is a waiting list at all times? ^Ir. Meritt. Yes, sir; we could enroll 1.000 pupils at Phoenix if we had the capacity. That is one of our very best schools and is splen- didly administered by Superintendent Brown. 172 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1^22. Mr. Elstox. You have not the fig:ures avaihible to show how the li)21 appropriation of ^KiO.OOO has been spent, because that is «roin£r on now. Mr. MEurrT. Xo. sir. AVe will furnish those figures at the be^inniii-r of the next fiscal year. Mr. Elstox. Have you been able to keep within that appropria- tion ? Mr. MiciuTT. AVe will have difficulty in keepinn for pay of superintendent and support and education of the pupils from $14-2,r)0() to $ir»2.r)()(). as per your present estimate, is based on the requirements for HO additional pupils i' Mr. Mkritt. Yes, sir; at a cost of $200 per pupil. Mr. Elstox. Tlien. there is an increase here in the item of jreneral repairs and improvements to $25,000. as airainst $l'2,r)0() for last year. Mr. Mp:kitt. We should have had a much lari)roi)riations available. Now that war conditioTis are i)assed we Avant to keep the buildin'_*() you used $J),500 for repair "( l)iiildiny the testimony tl' the members of tlie Committee on Indian Affairs who visited a. jNIy jud Southwest, we should proceed to do it. There is no reason !> : delay wlien we have this excellent plant to take care of them ai 1 when lliey are crowdin/i into school so fast that the superintendi'iii is compelled to turn them away. Mr. MiRiTT. I think, Mr. Hayden. it would be better to jrradually increase the ca])acity to 800. This year we ask for an increase <>f ;■)(), and we can take care of tliat increase and sujijily the capacity out of the rei)air fund if they allow us the ^'io.OOO. Now. as to the condition of that scliool. I have broujrht to the attenti(m of the committee in discussing; the ht at the place where such drastic action must be taken or an increased appropriation irranted. Mr. Hastings. ^A'hat is the pre.sent attendance at that school, la-i June aud now? Mr. H.\Yi)i;x. It has a cajiacity of TOO and that number were ol-- lained the first week that the s'liool opened. Mr. Brown then had to wire the superintendents of the reservations not to send any more and w;is compelled to return some <>f the children to their homes. ' I offer his letter for the record which explains the situation as it j actually exists. ' Mr. Elston. The letter may ^o in if there is no objection. (The letter referred to is as follows:) r. S. Indian Sciiooi., Okkick ok tuk Sci'ki;intkn1)Knt. I'hoenij; Ariz., Dcvvmbcr J, 1920. Tlie Hun. ("aki. Hayi.kn. M. ('.. l/oiiHc Office Ifitildiiijf, Waxliiui/ton. IK ('. 1>kau Mit. Havdkn : I ft-el like Inkiii;: up wiili you ntu) for your pivsoiiliitii'ii t(» such otliiTS of your coiiiiiiitttH' somewliat iiiforuiiilly our t1uaiu-l)il situ:iti"ii at riioeiilx school, lis por your luvitalion. I feel that you know our slluiiti"ii |u«'l(y well jiiid also llint you know our h.-nrls .ind purposfs. (»ii this line 1 icnJizc Oiii! Ilicrc must also l»c ii coinpliniice wltli law and rei:ulatioiis. The paiticiilar point whicli I want to luin;; to you Is that we (• pupils, whereas w.' have cHpa<*lty for over 7(K) and an appropriation for 7(K). It did not seem to nil' to ho in the inloii'st of ^ood ailininisi ration to havt> a j>art of the school's capacity unused while .sonic thousands of children in the Southwest were oul INDIA^ST APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 175 it scliool entirely. I therefore worked and advertised as usual and made un- usual effort to have a jrood school which wduhl attract students; were so niccessful in this that the school was more than tilled to its rated capacity lurinji: the tirst week of school. AVe at once wired ;uid wrote superintendents :o send no more and we have refused some large parties offered to us. The larfre attendance is, of course, partially responsihle for our large deficit, hut :he larger portion of the deficit would have been with us anyway, owing to overhead expenses and contracts already entered into for sui)plies. Our per capita expense for the year, if we secure the additional allowance )f funds requested, $37,000, will run to about .$230, as we can have an average )f altout 775 ; in fact, would have to arbitrarily send home pupils who do not .vant to go, in order to prevent some such average. IMoi-eovei\ to send them lome would have but little etfect on the situation. As I have elsewhere ex- )hiin€d, the comparatively high per capita cost for this year is due not solely :o the high cost of supplies, but to the fact that we had ab.solutely emptied Jur warehouses in order to prevent a deficit last year and it was necessary replenish supplies. We must know what the pro1)al>le action of our office and of the Congress vill be, and have to have some rather definite information before December 51. (^'ould you talk with the connnissiouer, Mr. Sells, and with members of he conunittee and relieve the uncertainty to some degree? Sincerely yours, .Tno. B. Brown. Mr. Haydex. I would like to bring- this committee's attention to he fact that while the Committee on Indian Affairs was at the Phoe- lix School the superintendent desired above everythina-;oi of the rising water table. Mr. Haydex. The installati conditions all over the school farm. People on adjoininay ol' superintendejit, ^83,;i00; for general repaiis and ini])rovcnn'nls, .S;2/i,()00; for assenil)I.v ball and equipment, $50,000; for purchase of additional land for school farm, !j>l;"),000; for i)urchase and installati(ni of launp to drain school farm, .$8,()()0; in ail, $281,500. ■1 Mr. HAYnE^^ In support of this request I desire to (jiioto from the testimony ^-iven bj^ Superintendent Bro^^n Avhile the Committee on ^ndian Affairs was in Phoenix : Mr. ItHODEs. You indicate that there are some needs which are riiore urgent than others. Will you mention them? , Mr. Bro\v'n. Vov ahout 17 years annually there h.as been a request made for an appropriation for an ass'^mbly hall and auditorium. .Tust befori^ the war it was pretty well understood between the commissioner and the connnittee and ourselves tliat we were to have that authorized, but owing- to wa.r conditions it was impossible. Mr. Rhodes. At what would you estimate such an improvement? Mr. Brown. When we made the estimate originally h wds ii!25,000. Mr. Rhodes. Speaking of the present day? Mr. Brown. It woidd cost about twice that now. ■ Mr. Rhodes. Hurry along and mention the other needed improvements. . Mr. Bkown. We will probably have to do something to relieve the water situation. Underground water is ruining our farm and killing our very fine orchard. We think that the best remedy is probably the building of a well for taking out this iniderground water. The engineer of the valley is working out a plan which would cost about $8,000. Mr. Rhodes. Are there any needeil lesser improvements? Mr. Brown. There is one thing not immediately urgent, but still it may be (|uite important. There is- a possibility of a piece of land, 15 acres, adjoining us, betwetn us and the canal here on Central Avenue, right up here, that if we do not acquire soon will be built upon, and it makes a notch in the property. We would like to own tliat land if we could, and have had it in mind for some years, but, owing to the financial conditions, we have not felt that we ought to a.sk for it. That is one thing that I wish that we nnght have. Mr. Hayden. What would it cost to buy 15 acres of the land? j Mr. Ekown. I^lighteen acres of the land. The price is $15,000. I Mr. H.WDEN. Nearly a thousand dollars an acre? ' Mr. Bkown. Nearly. The Chairman. How does that compare in price to the acreage surround- ing it? * yiv. Brown. I think that is about, the price that the acreage around tliere -(^lls for. I know one 20-acre tract adjoining us on the east tliat sold for •U9.000, and it was thought to be a low figure by the man who bought it. I also quote from another letter which I recently received from ^Ir. Brown : You will recall our conversation with reference to the possible increase in the numl)er of pupils to be appropriated for. The fact is that we are actually now carrying a number sufficient to earn tlie appropriation for SOO, although we -et money for but 700. This is due to the peciUiar plan which allows a maxi- mum expenditure of $225 per capita, but actually appropriates hut $200 for schools of our class. This arrangement makes it easy for the man who lets things drift and does' not fill liis school, but pmiishes the one who liustles. Can we not get an appropriation for 800? If so, I believe we could get on with S225 a head instead of tlie $250 requested by me. Two liundred dollars will not lie enough, even with the prospective decrease in prices, as we are so far behind with equipment and supplies. Mr. Dempsey. A good orchard with peaches will pay, at a mod- Brate estimate, in our country anywhere from $200 to $500 a year net jper acre. I do not know anything about this orchard; it depends on [its condition. I might, however, illustrate it in this way: I bought 26630—21 12 178 IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. an orchard which hatl heen nejrlected ever since it had been set. I woidd say it was 10 or 1*2 yeai's ohl. X (k'tci'niined to i)ull it out and to keep 100 of the trees until we coiikl rephice them by a now orchai'd. In other words, we phinned not to be without peaches durinLST()X. Mr. Dempsey, you see the expenditure of $8,000 for the reclamation of 10 acres would be at a cost of $800 an acre. You can go out and buy, probably, good land at much less than that, and the question would 1)0 whether you ought to depend on noighlxu-ing pumping plants, which naturally lower the table over the whole vicinity, rather than install a i)lant for this very small acreage. Mr. Dempsey. AA'hat you would buy would be raw land. If the country is adai)tod to fruit. I do not l)oliove you can buy the fr\iited land for less than $1,000 an aero anywhere. Mr. Hastixos. I think it ought to be stated for the record iiore what kind of fruits are raised there. Mr. Ilayden has not fr;'l\ stated everything that can be gi'own there in the way of fruit. I How largo is Phoenix? Mr. IIaydex. The population is a little over $30,000, according i the last census. TIUXTOX CAXYOX IXDIAN SlllOOL. Mr. Elstox. The next item is the Indian school at Truxio Canyon, Ariz. : For suit|Mir( iiiid »Mliicii(ioii of luo jmpils al Oic Indiim scImhiI m 'Piumh Caii.VDii, Ariz., iiimI for pay of siiiit'iiiitciuh'nt, .'i;2ri,(H Kt ; lor ^'t'lu'ial n'paiis :iii improvciiioiils, $H,(MM); ill all, $:{;i.(H»0. ••L :ii IXDIAX APPRO PEIATION BILL, 1922. 179 Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the followin Repairs and improvements 10. tXX) Total 3:^, (KIO Requested in proposed bill for 1922 : Sui>i)"ir iind (iUu"iti' Repairs and improvements 8. 0. The sum of .$8,000 is requested for general repairs and improvements. TIiIp includes the enlarjrenient of the emjihiyees' quarters. This Imildinir now colk tains only six livinj; rooms, in which Id emitluyees must he quartereeds to he vt ;. .structed. All of the huildinfis are in Inul condition and need a j-'reat m i> repairs. A new tank or reservoir is an imperative need (»f this school. The t; now in use are open and calch all dirt, trash, etc. The water is mideaii : i.^ a menace to the health of children and employees. It is jtlanned to us«' !i< increase of $3,000 requested over last year for repairs and improvemein- t' imiirove the sewer .system and provide new water tanks. Mr, Elstox. Really, this siijrjiestion should «r<) at the hejiinuitif of the hearings, hut do you not expect that the anticipated ilecr ; - in prices of all commoclities will favorably afl'ect the condition.s o this school by «rivin. C. Miscellaneous 12. T Outstandinji- liai)ilities 7S. S: 988. 7: ilainiennnrc and oiieratio)! inii/atiun si/xfcni. Pima Indian lands. Arizom (reiinbursahle). Fiscal year 'endins June 30, 1921 : Amount approprated ^ .$10. 0(in ih Fiscal year ended .lune 30. 1920: l'ncxi)ended iialance .". 4:i;>. 9: AniMUnt appropriated 7. ."tO:t. 0< 12. 98;'.. 9; ,\nimint expended 7, Sos. 71 rnexpcndcd iialance .">, 12."i. 2: ANALYSIS OK KXI'KNOITI'ltKS. Salaries, wajres, etc 4.921.3 Traveiiiijj: expense.s "H. 1 TransiKii-fatiou of supplies 29.2 Fuel, liihricants. power and lij:ht service S28. h EciuiiMuent and miscellaneous material l.lKiti. 8 Tribe. I'ima-Mariropa ; i»i)puialioM Area of reservation acres.. li-i'ijrable under project 1 do I'nder const i-ucted works do .\ctmilly irrin:ited do ('ii;tivale09. ( Operation and inainfeiiaiicc cbar;;es are not collected from v.aler users. Ftimated additional cost to comiilefe. and estimated cost jier acre wlien compb'ted. (See explanation in the mirralive below. ) .\v<-ra;.'e value of irrij^able land iier acre $2< Irrl;ra'ion project started \\i rk done b\ force account. Indian Inbor b(>!n;: priuclpiilly used. .\vera;;e annual precipitation » — » « — — incbes . 7 . S0> >. 7 4. ."."i 8(5". 1 1; 1 .">s 1 Ml is. .".ll 11 -'■-' 1. no $<> .21: , II^DIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 183 J>ource of water supply, wells and Gila liiver. Crops pi-oduc-ed : Alfalfa, beans, corn, cotton, wheat. ^larket for products, local and general, excellent. Distance from railroad, S to 1.3 miles. Further extension of the iri-igation s.vstems on this reservation will he in connection with the construction of the diversion dam above Florence and the one on the re.-;ervation at Sacaton, for which provision has been made else- wl'.ere. The sum of .^o.tXM) above requested is f<»r extension of laterals in con- nection with the existing system; .$10,()0() will be required for operating the 1.3 pumping i)lants on this reservation and for maintaining these plants and the canal systems. The failure to liave in cultivation all of the irrigable area under constructed works is due largely to the variable water supply. During some .seasons it is possible to irrigate practically the entire area under eonsti'ucted works, while in other seasons the water supply is insufficient and the acreage culrivated nuist be reduced. The construction of the diversit)n dam referred to will greatly aid these Indians in extending tlie areas under cultivation, as with piesent diversion facilities frequently when the river is in flood it is impossible to divert into existing canals until the water subsides and tempm'ary brush diims can l)e thro\\n across the river. Mr. Elston. In 1920 you used only $8,700 of an appropriation of $15,000 under this heading. Mr. Mekitt. That was because of the general conditions existing at that time, and we did as little construction work as we possibly could on account of the high cost and difficulty of getting labor and material. Mr. -Elston. Did the balance lapse into the Treasury? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Elston. Do vou expect to use the total appropriation of $15,000 as in the Indian act of 1921 ? Mr. Meritt. We Avill need the full amount for the next fiscal year. Mr. Elston. It appears that you have a corps of engineers whose time is not fully used, although it appears that the salary given would imply that the full time is used. AVhat explanation have you to make of that? ^Ir. Meritt. Their work is not confined to that reservation. ^Ir. Elston. Although they are paid only out of this appropria- tion ( yir. Meritt. Xo. sir: they are paid a regular salary, and we use these employees in the irrigation work in the Southwest. Mr. Elston. So that the table here showing that there are five or six engineers and employees used in connection with this work does not indicate that the whole number is needed all the time. Mr. ^Meritt. They are not needed all the time — only a small part of their time on each project. There is not a single one of these men on that operation at this time. Mr. Elston. How much of the work that will be done under this appropriation Avill be for the benefit of the Indian land and how much of it for the white lessees? Mr. ^Meritt. Practically all of it will be for the benefit of the Indians. This is exclusively an Indian project. Where the In- dians can not farm all their lands it will be the policy of the bureau to get the lands under cultivation by white lessees. yir. Elston. This ap^Dropriation is designated as being reimburs- able. HaA-e vou a;iv memorandum of the amount reimbursed to date? Mr. Meritt. Xone of this appropriation has been reimbursed, but the land is made A-ery A'aluable by irrigation. Land that is worth 184 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1022. anywhere from $5 to $1.") before irrijration is worth from Sf^KM) to $500 an acre when the water is put on the huul. Mr. Elstox. Is it expected that as the land is brouirht into use and becomes vahiable at once that it will bear at once its |>ro i-ata l^oition of the cost of maintenance? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; and the law which was enacted at the last session of Conirress will a])ply to this reservation, so far as tlie collection of construction charges as well as opeiation and main tenance is concerned. Ml". P^LSTON. And you ha^e started plans to do the work in i deli 1 lite way? Mr. Mi:uiTT. Yes. sir. Mr. Elstox. It is not feasible to make those collections in advance and expend the money before askiri"; ft)r an appropriation by C\n\- ^ress until it is collected and paid into the Treasury. Mr. MKRrrr. Xo. sir. Eveiy dollar that is exj^ended for irrii:.Mrsi;v. So far as concerns the dillereucc ix'tween the ll.t'iH acres and the 18,500 acre.s, it is simply an insulliciency of water. Mr. Mkutit. Yes, sir. INDIAN" APPEOPWATION BILL, 1922. 185 Mr. Dempsey. When yoii hiive constructed your dams what about the difference betAveen the $18,000 and the $58,000 for the 40,000 acres ? jNIr. INIeritt. When we get the dams we [)ropose to buihl hiterals. || Mr. Dempsey. Simply by the construction of hiterals you will then ' huve enough water? Mv. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. That will be under an agreement with the water users by which they are to bear their proportionate share of the cost ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir ; we already have entered into that agreement and all the difficulties have been wiped away by a satisfactory agree- ment and understanding. Mr. Hastings. Is this the reservation that there was controversy about a lease? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. Is this where the Elliot lease is? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. There is a controversy about a lease with a man by e name of Elliot, I think, upon this reservation. Was that lease ' consummated or what was done with it ? Mr. Meritt. That lease has not been consummated. There was serious opposition to this lease by certain parties and certain Indians objected to the lease. It was the view of the Indian Office that the lease was a good thing for the Indians because it would not deprive them of any of their irrigable land and would put into cultivation what are now dry lands. On account of the opposition that has arisen and also on account of the money situation and the low price of c otton it is possible that that lease will not be consummated. ]Mr. Hayden. Is the situation such that if Mr. Elliot should raise the money and if he could obtain the consent of the individual Indian allottees whose lands would be affected that the development could proceed ? ]Mr. Meritt. That would be feasible. ]Mr. Hayden. But as I understand it the Indian Office has advised Mr. Elliot that no land Avill be leased to him except with the consent of the allottees whose land is affected. ]Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. AVe do not intend to make any leases with- out the consent of the Indians except in the case of minors, and Indian agents or superintendents would be authorized to sign leases for the minors, and we v/ould not in that case make leases con- trary to the wishes of the Indianjj unless it was a case of Avhere just a few Indians would be holding up the entire project. Mr. Hayden. Is there any time limit under which Mr. Elliot must proceed with this irrigation work? Mr. Meritt. There is a time limit under his agreement with the department. Mr. Hayden. How much longer has he in which to raise the money to do the work ? Mr. Meritt. He was to begin operations within a certain time, _, j and I think that time has about expired. Mr. Hayden. I ask that Mr. Meritt be permitted to insert the dates in the record. 186 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Meritt. The information reciuested is as follows; Kl.LlOT IJCASES CJILA KIVKR RESEHVATION. Xo, sir. Mr. KlliMi's coiitiact was approvt'd e a)iy further delay on the part of the department in approviu* his lease!' Mr. Meritt. I think not. in.Ml'IXO I'L.VNT. ETC.. COEORAOO ItlVKK INDIAX RESEKVA TIOX. Mr. Ei.sTox. We will |)ass to the next item, for continuin coiislrucli(»n of I he n«'c«'ssary canals and laterals for thj utilization of wat(>r from the pumpiii;; pant on the Colorado Itiver Indian Hefl e.Aalioii, IIS i>rov ded in the act of .\pril I. 1!»10 {'M Slat. L.. p. 27:n, .Sr>().()dO. and (or niaihlainin^^ ai:d o|)eratin^ llic pumping: jilanl. canals, and structure.' ,i;.'ir»,()lMi; ;n all, .^lorMMIO, relndiursablc as provide«l In the aforesaid act. Ii!^DIAX APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. 187 Mr. Meritt. We offer for the record the following justification : Jnifjafion, Volmado Rircr Rr.si nation. Ariz, (rcimhnrmhle), canals and. lateral a. Fi*:cal year v^iidlns June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated $50,000.00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 82, 0(X). 00 Amount expended 81. 876. IT Unexpended balance 123. 23 ANAIASIS OF EXPENDITUKES. Salaries, wagres. etc 22,622.95 Traveling: expenses 1]1. 70 Transportation of .supplies 28. 50 Fuel, lubricants, power, and light service 444.61 Equipment and miscellaneous material 5.184.03 Ditch constructions .52. 274. 91 Team hire 193. 33 Outstanding liabilities 1.016. 14 Total 81, 876. 77 Maintenance and operation, irrigation system, Colorado River Reservation, Ariz, (reimhursahle). Fiscal year ending Jiuie 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated $36, 000. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 41.000.00 Amount expended 41, 000. 00 AX ALT SIS OF EXPENDITUKES. Salaries, wages, etc 23,607.32 Traveling expenses 223. 35 Tran.sportation of supplies 1. 691. 34 Forage '— 18. 00 Fuel, lubricants, power and light sei-vice 3. 987. 75 Equipment and miscellaneous material 9.869.85 Outstanding liabilities 1, 602. 39 Total 41. 000. 00 Pumping plant. Colorado River Reservation. Ariz, (reimbursable). Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921 i no appropriation). Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated $11. 000. 00 Amimnt expended 10, 910. 41 Unexiiended balance 89. 50 ANALYSIS OF EXPEXDITI"BES. 'I Salaries, wages, etc •!• 9^8- 9" Transportation of supplies 43.67 Equipment and miscellaueoiLS material 3,759.25 Miscellaneous 9o5. 75 Outstanding liabilities 1. 252. 77 Total 10. 010. 41 (i 188 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. » .S'H/Tcy/.s, (7c.. irriijatioti Hiixtini, ColormU) Itii'cr lieserratioii. Ariz, {nim- hurxahlc) . Fisciil year cinliiiiL; Jiiiir .'50, 1921 (iiii {ippr()pri:ititi. ."•9 44. TlVi. IS 1. 021. 2S 47. ■ )•■» 4.-.-I. •;.'> 1. r>4s :a 1V\. .-.1 Total r)2, 907. Kl Tribe, Chemehuevi and Mttliave; jiopulation, 1,130. Area of reservation . acres 310. 44 7." Operation and maintenance charges are not collected from water users. Estimated additional cost to complete. $l."(t,000. EslinuUed cost per acre when completemi- ll.OOO acres. This requires eidarged pmnping facilities, additional linile caiiacity, and t-xtiMision of the canals and lat*'rals. Tln'se Indians being e\ ceedingly i»oor, uuiny of them working as day laborers on the railroads nm not being in a jiosition to personally cultivate the hinds allotted to them, tli -i laddings have been leas»'d under very favorable ciaiditlons in order to b: ^ their lands cleared, leveled, and imt und»'r intensiv«> cultivation, all at the . \ pense of the lessee, which imiiroveiiieiits will revert to the Indians at the c\ jiiratloii of these leases, which are frllhe by ac'tual ciiltlvallon themselves or by releasing under cash or crop rental!- where the Indians are not in a position to personally cultivate their hoblings. The (piaiillly of silt carried in the waters of the <'o!oratallid and the expense s])read over the wliole system of al)out 100.000 acres, it would make the per acre charge much less than it would under the pumping system. Mr. Dempsey. I see the land that is irrigable is 11,500 acres :i^ against (),000 acres actually irrigated. How much is the additional expense going to be, to irrigate the remainder, the 5,500 acres? Is' that all included in this $150,000 estimate of the cost to complete! the ])roject ? * ' Mr. Reed. Yes, That is included. ' Mr. Demi'sey. That would l)e $G50,000 for the 11,500 acres. You j)lace leases varying from 5 to 10 years for nothing? Mr. Rekd. ^ es. Mr. Ei.sToN. Is this $lo:..oo(i pai-t ol" the c^liMiatc: |)art of tli", $150,000 to comph'te? Mr. Reed. To compU'te the pumping plant. I'his has nothing toj do with tlie gravity. I Mr. Ki.sTox. This $105,000, 1 understand, is a vanishing thing each ' year, s|)eiit for current work, maintemnice pui poses wliich recur every year. This $105,000 is in the nature of a permanent fuutl, so 4 'm liif tiiji IMS IISTDIAN APPROPRIATTOiSr BILL, lf)22. 191 I that you need only $45,000 more to complete your distributive systems and then be under the necessity of maintainino; the pumpino; plants. Mr. Reed. For this 116,000 "acres. Mr. Elstox. If it is only $150,000 estimated to complete the jjroject, why do you ask so much of that amount at this present time ? Why can not it be distributed along accordinof to needs? Mr. Reed. There is an increased demand for the water and it is believed that it is the best thino- to oet the water to the lands at the earliest possible moment for fear of complications in the water rifjhts that may arise from other appropriations. Mr. Dempset. You mean by other claimants instead of other ap- propriations ? I Mr. Hastings. Appropriations of water? Mr. Dempsey. We laymen in the East have to have those terms explained. Mr. Reed. In California, in the Imperial Valley, there is a vast ;area that is under cuUivation and a vast area that is not under cidti- vation. but is desired to be. and the full development of the Colorado River is being- agitated by practically all of the States in the South- west, and there will probably be some good residts from this agita- tion, and unless the Indians' lands have obtained their right by the actual use of the water they may fail to hold it. Mr. Elston. Mr. Reed, my question with regard to the applica- tion oi* this $105,000 must have been a little misleading, because it is stated right here in the draft of your bill that $50,000 only is to be used ostensibly for construction purposes, and $55,000 for main- tenance purposes. Mr. Reed. Yes; what did I say? Ij Mr. Elstox. That there will remain $100,000 to be used for per- manent construction purposes, if your estimate of $150,000 is right, witii regard to the finishing of the project? Mr. Reed. Yes. Mr. Elston. Just exactly how do you expect to use this $50,000 out of the $105,000, which $50,000 you say will be used to continue the construction of the necessary canals and laterals? What imme- diate use will be made of these canals? Ij Mr. Reed. The conveyance of the water to the lands to be irri- ■ gated. Mr. Elston. Are those neAV lands to be irrigated already under lease ? ,[,|j Mr. Reed. Everything is practically under lease that can be farmed ''to-da3^ There are applicants for more leases. We do not lease until we are pretty well sure that we can furnish the water. Mr. Elston. The $55,000 for maintenance would keep in order the present structures and put water on the 6,000 acres now in use ? Mr. Reed. And pump the water, Mr. Elston. The $50,000 will be needed to extend laterals and bring new lands into irrigation ? Mr. Reed. Yes. I Mr. Elston. That will not be required for the immediate need of t'|any Indian so far as his ability to go on the land and cultivate it is concerned inasmuch as the number of acres already under irrigation is suiRcient to supply all Indians on the reservation? Is that correct? IH 4\ 192 IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 10-22. Mr. Kep:d. Xo; because many of the allotments not in cultivation at the present time re<|uire cultivation, and this appropriation is to reach those lands. A few of the allotments are comparatively level and can be put in shape for a small sum. wiiile others are extremely rour trust l)y the Gov- ernment. Mr. IIaydex. I Avould like to incjuire of Mr. Meritt in re«rard to the reference to the Thiity-sixth Statutes. i)ase of securiuir an appropria tion of wtiler from the Colorado Hi\er for appioximately ir>0.00( acres of land. It may be of immense advantajre to the Indians t< date their appropriation of water back to 1910 rather than to take i at the time the water was actually applied to the land. Is theie an> «• ustt for lrri;:!illoii ptirpost's on I lie ("oionulo Ul\»>r Hfsorvatloii, |o;:»'tlu>r with tin H IXDIAX APPEOPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. 193 lecessary canals and laterals, for the utilization of water in connection tliere- nth, for the purpose of securinjr an appropriation of water for the irrigation approximately loO.OtX) acres of land. I That shows that Congress made an initial appropriation of water ind that funds for appl.vino; the water to the hind were made avail- ible from year to year. The original appropriation of water was thus kept aliAe. AAlien the time comes to expend larger sums to complete the entire project the apin-opriation of water will date »ack to 1910. Mr. Hastixgs. Is that language used in the act of 1910? Mr. Hatdex. It is. Mr. Hastixgs. That was in these vears previously, that language >f the act of April 4, 1910. Mr. Dempsey. I doubt if tlie declaration would aid you in a lawsuit . Mr. Hatdex. The Colorado River is an interstate stream and a lavigable stream over which Congress has complete jurisdiction. I lo not know how the courts would finally decide the question, but it jeems to me that it is the duty of Congress to do everything pos- sible to protect the water rights of the Indians, who are the wards if the (Tovernment. In that connection I submit for the record an extract from the 'evised statutes of Arizona, which deals with appropriations of water, [linasmuch as Mr. Dempsey has raised that question. Mr. Elstox. Yes. (The extracts referred to are as follows:) UKVTSF.I) STATl'TKS OK AIJIZOXA. 1 !M ;; II .")837. Any person or persons, company oi' corporation shall have tlie rig'lit to tppropriate any of tlie tmappre'priated waters or the surplus of tlocd waters in this State for delivery to consumers, rental, milling', irriiration. mechanical, ilomestic. stock, or other beneficial purposes, and such person or per.sons. com- ipany or corporation for the puiiiose of making such appropriation of waters fis herein specified shall liave the rigiit to construct and maintain reservoirs, ^lams, canals, ditches, flumes, and any and all other necessary waterways, and ;the person (>r persons, compan.v or corporation first appropriat ug water for jthe purposes lierein mentioned shall always have the i>etter rijrht to the same. ) 5338. * * * That said person or persons, company or corporation after •postintr and filing their notice as herein provided shall within a reasonable rime thereafter constrvict ther dam or dams, reservoir or reservt)irs, canal or ,?anals, as the case may be. and shall after such consti-uction use reasonable 'iiligence to maintain the same for the purposes in such notices specified, and Ifailure within a reasonable time after posting and filing such notice or notices "ii construct sucli reservoir, dam. or canal as in such notice specified or to use '•asonable diligence after such construction to maintain the same shall be iield to work a forfeiture of such right to the water or waters attempted to be ippropriated. ' Mr. Hatdex. I would like to ask Mr. Meritt about the status of a eport provided for by the last Congress with respect to a large gravity project on this reservation. Has that report been submitted ;o Congress as yet ( Mr. Meritt. I am not sure that report has been submitted to ongress. It has been prepared. ■I Mr. Hatdex. I Jiave inquired at the document room and been 'imable to obtain a copy of it. Mr. Meritt. None of the reports are being printed this year. 26630—21 13 ^ 194 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1022. Mr. Reed. It is very voluminous. Mr. Elstox. The next item is on page 42 of the estimates, opera- ': tion and maintenance of pumpin«i plants for Papago Indians. Pr.MIMNO PLANTS KOK PAPACiO INDIANS. For (i]H'r:itioii iiml iiuiiiitfiiiinco of puiiipiiiji iilaiits for dislribution of a water suitply lor I'aiKi.i^o Indian villa;;i's in sinitluTn Arizona. Slio.CKK). Mr. Meritt. You Avill find. ]Mr. Chairman, that we are asking for a less amount for the next fiscal year than for last year. We are asking for $*2r).()()0: the appropriation last year was $.V2.0(M). I otfer for the record the following justification. ^Yater supijli/, J'dixnjo Indian villages, Arizona. Fiscal year endinfr June 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated $3."T. ClOO. (K) Fiscal year endod June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 3S, 000. 00 Amount expendetl 33.034. 13 Unexpended balance 4,905. S7 ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES. Salaries, wages, etc i 5, 203. ^.". Traveling' exi)enses r>."iO. si TransportaU(»n of supplies 1. MO. 16 Fuel, luhric-ants, power and light service 2S0. 4.^^ Equipment and miscellaneous material 20. r).S4. n2 Well drilling , 2,020. - ■ Miscellaneous 100. lio Outstanding liabilities 1,3H). 40 * 33,034.13 Maintenance and operation water works, Papago Indian Tillages, Arizona. Fis-cal year ending June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated $17. 0(K). ""^"^ Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 14,000.00 Amount expended 13,984. ' Unexpended balance 15. 97 ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES. Salaries-, wage.s, etc 7. 39n. 49 '{'raveling exjienses 220 T" Transjiorlallon of supplies..* K?!. i Fuel, lubricants, power and ligbt service 1.73S. ;<« Kfpiiiinient and iniscellaneous material 3, (h»;?. it ]\Iisccllaneous 8. . ■ Outstanding liabilities 1,3S0. 40 Total 1.3. 9S4 ' ; Trllie. I'apago, |)o|)u1ation 1,7 ^^ Area of n\si«rvalion .:_nere.ay the cost of the outlit goinu nway and coming back? I l\ INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 197 V Mr. Reed. Yes. We believe, however, that at the present time si we have expanded our well activities to the immediate necessities of ji these Indians. When they have caught up with what we have already done, we think it is time to expand again. If that comes within one yeiw we will be back for more money; if it is spread k over two years we will not come back until necessary. I will say one thing to explain more fully the chairman's question about its tiiiB being arid. There is not on that whole area a drop of permanent m water, on the surface area. rti Mr. Elston. The area is as large as Rhode Island. Mr. Reed. There is in the rainy season in the foothills of the Barbaquivira Mountains some springs, but as the rainy season passes those dry up entirely and you can drive over it as we did, with teams, for days without seeing a drop of water that was not pulled out of the ground. Mr. Hatden. During the course of the investigation by the Com- mittee on Indian Affairs we met the superintendent of the Papago reservation, Mr. McCormick, at Sacaton. At that time, in discussing the needs of the reservation, he urged continuing the operation of these pumping plants, and also requested an appropriation for a telephone line from Tucson to the Sells Agency, at an estimated cost of $17,000. The superintendent further stated it was very necessary to fence the reservation boundary line, and that if Con- i gress would appropriate $5,000 for labor that the Indians would furnish the posts and the cattlemen of the vicinity would provide the barbed wire. I offer for the record a memorandum and a justi- fication for such appropriations. Mr. Elston. If there is no objection it may go into the record. (The statement referred to is as follows:) Papago Reservation. Arirj. — For operation and maintenance of pumping plants, $25,000; for teleplione line from Tucson to Sells Agency, .$17,000; for labor in constructing fence on reservation boundary lines, $5,000; in ai , $47,000. Mr. Hatden. The investigating committee met Mr. Thomas F. McCormick, the superintendent of the Papago Reservation, on May 22 at Sacaton, Ariz. I quote from his statement made at that time : An appropriation of $5,000 should be made for the fencing of both sides of the " strip " in the northern part of the reservation. This " strip " is occupied by cattlemen, and they are perfectly willing to furnish the material if the Government will furnish part of the labor for fencing the reservation lioundary line along this " strip." This .$5,000 should be used for labor on y. A telephone line between Tuscon and Sells Agency is an absolute necess ty t(» properly carry on the business at the agency. Uncler the present arrangement if I have a message to .send it will take a man two days, with the use of an automobi e to take it to Tucson, at a cost of not less than $10. The Hon. Carl Haj'den has now a bi 1 pending for the appropriation of $17,000 for the con- struction of this telephone line, and I trust that 'mmediate and favoi-able action will be taken on Congressman Hayden's bill. FULFILLING TREATIES AVITH NAVAJOS, SCHOOLS. Mr. Elston. The next item is a treat}^ item. That is a matter of contract, so that there is little question as to any variation in the amount of your estimate. To enable the Secretary of the Interior to carry into effect the provisions of the sixth article of the treaty of June 1, 1868, between the United States and 198 INDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 15)22. I i the Navajo Nation or Tril>e of Indians, j)ni(l Aujrust 12. 1S(}8. wlierehy the Unitfil Stairs affrees to provide stiiool laoilitli's for the cliildren of the Navajo Triite of Indians. .Sl(Ml,(Hl() : J'ntvidnl, Tliat tho said Set-nMary may exju'iul said fnnds, in ids discretion, in estahHshinj; or enlar;rin;r da.v or in- dustrial schools. Mr. Mkritt. The Government is under treaty oblijrations to edu- cate the Xavajo Indians. The Government has been ne^leetfnl in complying' with the terms of tiie treaty. Conofress has in the past few years made appropriations of $100,000 for that purpose, and I offer for tlie record tlie followinoj justification: Ful/illitifj treaties tritli Xnvnjos, schools, Arizona. Fiscal year endinj; June 30, 1021 : Amount appropriated $10i>. (hh». oO Fiscal year endinj? June 30. 1920 : Amount appropriated 100. OfK). oQ Amount expi'iided 7!), .s(!l. 26 Unexpended balance '30,138. 74 .VNAI.VSIS OF EXPKNUITURES. ron.struotion of huildinfrs I 50, 472. 19 Repair of huildin^^s 3. 2.">.S. 7r> Outstanding liahilities 26. 13.".. :J2 79, SOI.LIG During thn liscal year the .$100,0(¥) appropriated fi»r providing schcMil facilities for the Navajo Tril>e of Indians was used as follows: Navajo School, capacity increased fri>m 3(»i» to 3-"t(); Tohatchi School, Navajo jurisdiction, capacity increased from 150 to 2."»0: I'uehlo Itonito School, capacity inci'ea.sed from ISO to 340; San Juan School, work was begun at Toadlena looking to increase in capacity from SO to l.")0 pu|>ils; Leupp School, cai>acity was iii- oreas( (1 from 103 to 320 puitils in some departments. I'art of tile work referred to al»ove iiad iieen begun in jirevious years, as, for instance, work at I'uel)lo Bonito and at Toadlena. Work is still going on at Toadlena and at Leui)p. .\t the latter place there is consideralde construc- tion work to he done to lound out the capacity in all departments. Prac- tically all of tlie .$100,001) authorized for use during 1921 is lieing expendi-d at Toadlena and Leiipjt. Witli over (».()0t) children out of school on tlie Navajo Reservation, the ncd for additional school facilities is great. Htvause of the noma the (ioNciiiineiit has eii<:a22. Subsistence supplies !?-. tM»."». To Dry irocMls, clothing, etc z. l.!K)8. 98 Foraj^e T»»4. 41 Fuel, hiliricaiits. power and liirht service TTs. m Medical !,'i7 7i Traveling expenses 22s. ik' Transportation of supplies 3, ('>64. 11, Telegraph and telepli<»ne service .. .S4. 9( Stationery, ju'lnting, schoolroom supplies : 93. 5C Subsistence supi)lies ^ 13.643. .V; Dry goods, clotliiiig, etc Forage Ftiel, lubricants, power and light service Live stock Equipment and miscellnneous material Seed and trees 42. 644. 5»l Indiitii xcltudl .siipiiort. 1920, Wcslrrn Xiiriijii \ii4iliisis nf (.rpcnd it tires. Salaries, wages, etc .fl6,.3S4.1>f Traveling t'xponsea 266. 0; TranwiMirtation of supplies B. 196. 1 .5. 9.VJ. 4 r.4. 4< 571. a 144.01 S50. 1! 869.7* % INDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 201 :'ii 'm Teleiriapli and teleplHsne service .$8.!).! Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 19G. 58 Subsistence supplies 8, 356. 98 Dry goods, clothing, etc 5,473.81 Forage 552. 54 •;^'j||Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 2,716.95 Medical supplies, etc 232.33 Live stock 2. 00 EJquipnient and miscellaneous material 3, 17.5. .54 Me<1ical service, .seed and trees 576.63 H 43, 134. 50 Mr. Elstox. So that you Avoukl depend on other appropriations to maintain the schools and upon this appropriation for constructing extra schools? ]Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. The treaty provides " shall provide school facilities for the children of the Xavajo Tribe of Indians." Mr. Elstox. Don't you regard other activities under other appro- priations outside of this item as a partial compliance with these treaty obligations? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir : but it is not a full compliance and we have not been able to educate all the children and have not the capacity to give them an education. Mr. Elstox. When will that point be reached when you feel that these obligations and the work under this special appropriation under these treaty items will be complete, so that the ordinary current ap- propriations for general school purposes will apply to the Xavajo country along with other reservations ? Mr. Meritt. It will be a number of years before we have sufficient school capacity for Indian children in the Xavajo country. I would say it will be 10 years before we will be able to have full capacity for all the children in the Xavajo country. ^Ir. Elstox. Then j-ou contemplate a period in the future where this obligation will be extinguished, so far as asking for an appro- priation under that particular item? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Dempset. Your repairs, wells, springs — your construction and rei:)air item will constantly grow, will it not? Mr. Meritt. We will not use this appropriation for repairs. Ordi^ narily we will use the general appropriation for repairs to agency and school buildings. Mr. Elstox'. Is this used to construct day schools or to make addi- tions to boarding schools, or just how is it applied? Mr. ^Ieritt. It is used for both purposes. Heretofore we have used it for enlarging the present school plants, because we could get capacity sooner that way than we could by building new plants, on account of the great cost involved. Mr. Dempsey. If you will turn to your justification, you will see that part of this was used for repairs this year. $3.253 — only a small part, to be sure. Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir; we have repaired some plants in order to increase our capacity. Mr. Dempset. Wliat you mean is that this item when used for re- j jpairs is repairs simply in the sense of extensions? ^Ir. ^Ieritt. Yes. sir. 202 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. ^fr. Hatdex. AVliile the Committee on TiKlian Affairs was on the tour of investin it was disclosed that there are over 8,000 Xavajo (liihh'eii of school aj^e, of which to-day only about 750 are in sci)ool. This ajipropriation should be materially increased, and we should also follow the recommendation made by the sui)erin' tendent, Mr. Paquette. in which he stated that additional boarding schools should be established on the Xavajo Reservation, one at Lukai Chukai. one at AVide Kuins, and one at Kayenta, and the existiiifj schools enlar<>:ed and developed. Coufrress has l)y a binding treaty a^^reed to educate the Xavajo. It must be done sometime. Why jMit it olf an}- lon^rer? There is a ^reneral obli«ration to educate all Indians and a particular obli( K),0(M ) : rroriilcil. That .$HHHKK) of thS amount may be used in conmiencing the construction of Itoarding scho. STATEMKNT Ol" .M K. ri;TKU I'AQrKTTK, SCrKKINTKNUKNT NAVA.IO INDIAN ACF-NtTT lOHT DKKIANCK, AKI/,. I urge an apiiroitriation to build a bt)arding si-liool .with a capacity of "JOI jmidls to sniiplnnt the small day >*'bool at Lukal (Miukal, which is a failure like all day .scIkioIs l«ir the .Xavajos are failures. The Lukai Cbukal .MouiiiMini where the altitude is lower than at Fort l>eliance and the climate adapted ■ the raising tt{' fruit and crops of every description. Two mountain strc .u flow through the valley and are u^^'d by the Indians ftu- irrigation purp. .•• The school embraces SO acres of tine irrigable land, an ideal place to !■ - the pupils farming and Irrigating. The Imlians living in that district «•• easily lill a .school id' a capacity lor l.'iO pupils. Ilf IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 203 I would urge anotlier boarding school at ^Ylde Knins. 40 miles southwest of Fort Detiance, at the s'outhern extremity of the mountain range, a iarming district. A l)oarding scliool with a caiiavity of 200 pupils is necessary in that locality for the lai-ge number of Indians living at Wide Uuins, on tlie soutliern sloiie of the mountain, the southern extremity of the reservation, and off the reservation in Arizona. If I may make a suggestion for the benefit of the most neglected Indians of the tril)e, I would urge the creation of a new agency with a large boarding school at Kayenta. the new .iurisdiction to take in portions of tiie Navajo, and Keams Canyon Agencies. Unless civilization is brought to the Indians in this far-away district they will remain as they are for another century. "WATER SUPPLY, NAVAJO AND HOPI INDIANS. Mr. Elston. Unless there is a further question on that item, we will pass to the next item, for continuino- the development of the water supply for the Navajo and Hopi Indians, estimated, $50,000. For continuing the development of a water supply for the Navajo and Hopi Indians on the Moqui Reservation, and the Navajo, Pueblo Bonito. San Juan, and Westeni Navajo subdivisions of the Navajo Reservation in Arizona and New Mexico, .$50,000, reimbursable out of any funds of said Indians now or hereafter available. Mr. Meritt. We offer for the record the following justification: Water supply, Kara jo and Hopi Indians, Arizona. {Reimhnrsahle). Fiscal year ending Juue 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated $35,000.00 Fiscal year ended June 80, 1920: Amount appropriated 30. 000. 00 Amount expended 30, 000. 00 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 15, 29S. 12 Traveling expenses 528. 57 Transportati(ui of supplies 3, 471. 89 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 715. 50 Equipment and miscellaneous material 9, 890. 59 Rent of buildings 72.00 Miscellaneous 23. 33 30, 000. 00 Tribe, Navajo and Hopi, population 22, 926 Area of reservation __acx'es__ 14, 409, 357 lEstimated numlier of sheep, goats, horses, and cattle owned by Indians 1, 170, 560 Number of wells drilled '220 'onstruction costs for fiscal year $25, 272. 47 onstruction costs to Jime 30. 1920 $24.5,966.53 )peration and maintenance for fiscal year $9, 138. 13 Operation and maintenance to Juue 30, 1920 $44, 364. 55 Operation and maintenance charges are not collected from water users. Tliere is no question in the minds of those who know conditions and results that tlie lienefits to the Indians from this water development is greater than for a similar sunj expended for any other work for the southwestern Indians. They have increased their flocks and herds, because the grazing area has been increased, and their material welfare has been raised to a much higher standard than ever before. For the past year two well rigs only have been at work, as the money avail- Me for the work wftuld not permit a greater extension of the work. It is absolutely necessary to maintain all of the windmills and wells as they are put in. for if left to the Indians they would only last a few months at best. I 1 Nine wells drilled duilng fiscal year 1020. 204 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. \ A regular patrol of all wells is inaliitaiiied, aiitl over oUO milfs" travel per iiiontlx is necessary to visit each one once and oil anil make minor repairs. When enier},'encies arise, as a "breakdown," a sixvial trip is necessary a« (luickly as possible, for, liavinj? become accustimieil to dei>end on the wells, tUft flocks are so disturbed that it is ahnost impossible to water them at any "the* point. As additional wells are drille*! it is necessary to supply a wmdmil^ tank, and trou^^h. In the operation of two well rigs over $13,I It VATUJN. As i)revioiisly stat«'d, the present supply of water is inadcipuite. The apino- priation for tlie work on th(> Mcxpii Keservalion is only a niakeshift. mid development, due to this fact, is so slow that grazing areas «»»ntiguous to ilic wells and the springs are being p«>rmaiiently destntyed by tivergrazing by the sheep and cattle that should be distributed over hu'ger areas l>ut can n<»t !>«> until a wider and nioic raitid develoi»iiieut of stock water Is pursuetl. Tlw lircsenl policy is dcveloiniiciit of water at ihe expense of grazing and witboul the water the pasture would be worthless. It must be speeded up by an ec dumb brutes de|»endenl on water that <-an not be had unless Coiigrert wakes up to tlie stern necessities involved. Tlie.s»> necessities do not contem- plate the expenditure of 1 cent for Irrlsratlon. INDIAlSr APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 205 TATEMENT OF MR. HERBERT V. ROBINSON, SUPERVISING ENGINEER. INDIAN IRRIGATION SERVICE. Nnvnjo stock irater. — For i\ mun])er of years there liiis been an annual appro- riation for the purpose of the development of water suppl.v for the Navajo nd Hopi Indians. Living in an arid country with practically no chance for irrigation, the ntire livelihood of 40,000 Navajo Indians depends upon stock raising. These adians are natural herdsmen and a few years ago it was noticed that their ^ ocks had increased to the maximum that the water supply would carry, al- U bough the limit of grazing had not nearly been reached. The increase of the ocks would reach a maximum point, then there would be a season of drought nd the mortality would be great, reducing the flocks to that number that auUl exist on the AAater supply of the normal year. The drilling of wells for domestic and stock purposes was then commenced nd the improvement of springs also undertaken. Wells have been drilled ver a large area, but from the fact that the country is such an arid one lany dry holes have been put down ; but the development of water in others as amply justified the effort and expense. To a person liAing in a country where there is sufficient water, the value of ven a little water in a desert country is not understood. A trickle of a few allons an hour must even be sufficient for a number of families for their omestic use and for stock purposes. As, for instance, in the country lying orth of Keams Canyon and south of the Black Mesa there is a population of h families, each with their flocks of sheep and some horses. They occupy an rea of about 600 square miles and there are but a half dozen springs in lis whole district, the largest of whicli flows only 12 gallons an hour. It an readily be seen that with such a limited supply of water only a limited mount of live stock can exist even though there is ample feed for many times lat number. Since the conmiencement of the well drilling eight years ago there has been xpended approximately $140,000. This includes the cost of equipment, sup- lies, and work. To show for this we have 111 good wells, 7 of which are rtesian. also 114 dry holes, aggregating 14.223 feet of good wells and 11.820 eet of dry holes, a total of 26,043 feet, or about 5 miles, scattered over an rea as great as the combined area of Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode sland, these wells all being equipped with windmills, tanks, and troughs. We ave considerable material on hand for future work and three good well- rilling outfits. It is possible that these costs may seem high, but as there are some 35,000 3 40.000 Indians on these two reservations, the cost has only been 40 cents er capita per annum. On the spring development there has been expended bout $26,000, or about $3,700 a year. By the expenditure of this money we have increa.'^ed the watered area of he reservations four or five times. The Indians have received about $22,000 wages for labor. The flocks and herds of the Indians liave increased fully 200 per cent in le districts we have covered, and in these days of high cost of living the value the increased cost of wool and meat production would not only be a big iterest on the investment but go a long ways toward paying the principal. The health of the Indians in the districts covered has been materially im- roved. This is especially true of the Hopi Indians, where the death rate has een greatly lessened since they have had good water for domestic purposes. We have increased their interest in their flocks and herds, and consequently the quality of their animals as well as quautit.v, and last but not least we ave by tills expenditure done more toward the civilization of the Indians long all points than almost anything else that has ever been done for them. It is the consensus of opinion of practically everyone who knows of the work ning done for the Indians of this region, that greater benefits have come to lieni from this water development, both in the line of civilization and ma- -rial prosperity, than any other like sum expended for them, many going to he extent of .saying that this applies even to the education 0:6 the Indians in lie school. The sum annually set side for this \\ork, $25,000, is insufficient. This year the ntire sum was absolutely exhausted by the 1st of ^lay and the entire outfit lid off until the money for tiie next fiscal vear is available. 206 INDIAX APPROPKIATION BILL, 1922. Tliere is no question in my mind nor in that of anyone who has thoroni:!ily invi'stitrnted llie niatt(; ' Analysis of exjjenditures : Salaries, wages, etc l.-lltJ 3(1 Traveling expenses 114. Oif Transportation (»f supplies r)2(>. 1,(| iMinipiin-ni and miscellaneous material 1,100.' 3. ir»o. .\f. (H- Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amouiil appi- got to observe your contract lial)ility. Mr. Klston. T*lease consider, also, .Mr. .Mei'itt. the possibility o1 i-c(lucing this amount to a sum that would l)c suiru-ient to serve th< Indians almost solelv and see whether or not the whites could supple ment that when taking off water for their own land, so that you wil put on the wliites absolutely the rt'sponsibility of ta!')(l. and I will endeavor to sec that the white owners undei this pr.tject pay tlieii- full share of the opi-i-ation and ujaint.'nanee The followinir contract between Mi- lIuM'cll ami the department i' offered for the recoi'd. ■ INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 209 I Whereas J. L. Hubbell, of Ganado, Apache County, Ariz., is the owner of the following-described land, to wit : S. i of S\V. i. sec. 27, NK. i of NE. i, sec. :«. and NW. i of NW. 1 of sec. 34, in T. 27 N., R. 20 E., Gila and Salt River B. and M., in said county and State, and tbe said Hubbell has heretofore built a canal or water ditch having its headgate jn the south bank of the Rio Pueblo Colorado, at a point approximately 2i miles iistant in a northerly and easterly direction from said land and running thence n a general southerly and westerly direction about 2^ miles, for the purposes of Irrigating said land, and has irrigated said land for several seasons, and has acquired for said irrigation water rights under the laws of Arizona ; and Whereas the land adjoining the lands of the said Hubbell is a portion of the Navajo Indian Reservation set aside for the use of the Navajo Indians )y Executive order dated January 6, 1880, and that certain of the lands of the iralley of the Rio Pueblo Colorado are susceptible of irrigation when irrigated, md may be irrigated from the said Rio Pueblo Colorado at such times as there is sufficient water flowing in the stream, and there is a certain reservoir site in which it is possible to store the surplus and flood waters of the said stream, and the land can best be served by carrying the water for a portion i)f the distance in the ditch owned by the said Hubbell ; and Whereas the United States of America proposes to build such reservoir and sonvey the water to lands on the Navajo Indian Reservation : Now, therefore, This agreement, made and entered into this 6th day of February, 1913, by the United States of America, acting in this behalf by the Assistant Secre- tary of the Interior, party of the first part, and the said J. L. Hubbell, party jf the second part, Witnesseth, that for and in consideration of the stipulations of the party of he first part hereinafter contained, the party of the second part has remised, i-eleased, and quitclaimed, and by these presents does hereby remise, release, ind quitclaim forever unto the party of the first part all that particular canal ir water ditch hereinbefore described, and all other ditches, fiumes, and other ippurtenances heretofore used in the delivery of water to his said above- iescribed land, together witli :ill etisements or rights of way for the same, and ill his riglit to the use of water from said Rio Pueblo Colorado for irrigation )f said lands. Tlie party of the second part agrees to perform a proportionate share of the abor, and to pay a proportionate share of the cost of materials and supplies ncident to or necessary for the proper operation and maintenance of the ranadcj irrigation system of the party of the first part, or, in lieu thereof at iie option of the party of the first part, to pay such proportionate charge as uay be fixed for the annual maintenance and operation of said system. j I In consideration of faithful performance of the preceding stipulations of the I party of the second part and of the conveyance of the property hereinbefore uentioned, the party of the first part agrees that the party of the second part ;haU have the right to sufficient water from said system for the proper irriga- lion of his above-described land, not to exceed 2i acre-feet of water for each lere of land and not to exceed 400 acre-feet of water in each year, or so much hereof as shall constitute Oie proportionate share per acre from the water apply actually available for the lands under the project. It is mutually understood and agreed that, in the performance of labor or he use of material and supplies, or the fixing of the annual charge for mainte- lauce and operation of the system, the users of water therefrom shall con- ribute as the area of the land of each irrigated is to the total area served i (hereby. • } In witness whereof, the party of thd second part has hereunto set his hand md seal this 6th day of February 1913, and the party of the first part has ■aused this agreement to be executed by its duly authorized representatives this ■.1st dav of May, 1913. (Signed) J. L. Hubbell. (Signed) Lewis C. Laylin, Assistant Secretary of the Interior. 26630—21 14 210 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. PUMPING PLANTS, SAN XAVFER RESERVATION, ARIZ. Mr. Elston. The next item is for operation and maintenance of the pumping phmts on the San Xavier Indian Reservation. F, Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount apijroiiriated 16, WM*. 00' Amount expended 1(>. ".(Mt. (K> Analysis of expenditures: Sa ar:es, \va;;es, etc 6.989.41 Traveling expenses 31. .">9 Trans])ort!ifion of supplies 1M2. 3T Fuel, lubricants, jiower and lifrht service •">, 177. Ot Equipment and miscellaneous material 3,989.91 Miscellaneous : .">. OOi Outstanrlinfi liabilities 174. 71 Tribe, Papago ; population, 4,476. 16, 5(K). 00 Area of reservation acres 70, i Irrigable under project do 1,1 Under constructed works do 1, i Actually Irrigated do 1, ! Cultivated by Indians do 1, i Cultivated by whites do Number of Indians enga.ged Number of whites engaged Construction costs for fiscal year $2,213. Construction costs to June 30, 1920 $^8. 748. Ojieration and maintenance for fiscal year 81.". 239. Operation and maintenance to June 30, 1920 $67,207. Operation and maintenance charges are not collected from water users. Irrigation known to have l)een practiced since 1732. First aid rendered by Indian S«'rvice al)out 189i Work done by force account, Indian labor 1>eing principally used. Estimated additional cost to com])lete, nothing. Average value of irrigable land per acre. .82(M). Average animal ])recipitation. 12 inches. Source of water supply, wells. ('roi)s — wheat, corn, rye, and alfalfa. Market, local, good. instance from railroad. 9 miles. The sum reipicsted is nnpiired for operation and maintenance of fivi> inunj ing jdanls on this reservation, upon whicii l,r»(M> acres of Indian land are ill pendent for irrigation. Two crops are raisttl on practically all land cultlvnt Mr. lI.vsTiNoa. I want to invite attention to the fact that they havi had iiTiiration on that reservation since IT.'VJ. Mr. Mi:ifn r. Those Indians of the Southwest were the lirst peoi>L. on this continent to irrigate land. Mr. P^.LSToN. In view of (he fact that all the land is cultivate and you state that two cro|)s a y(>ar arc yielded for almost (he whole O the acreage, (liat would appear (o indica(e (hat (he Indians air radio] piospeioiis and ought to he able (o hear the annual expense of $ld,( ) INDIAN APPROPKIATIOX BILL, 1922. 211 out of their own funds. If a group of Indians having vory vahiable lands are ever able to take care of an overhead of this kind, it seems to me this group is one of them. Mr. Meritt. Under the law enacted, we will begin immediately to •ollect operation and maintenance charges. Of course, that fund will go into the Treasury, but you will get a return on it. SAX CARLOS INDIANS IRRIGATION. Mr. Elston. The next item is on page 45 and is an appropriation )ut of the tribal funds of the Indians of the San Carlos Reserva- tion : The Secretary of the Interior is hereby anthorlzefl to withdraw from the Treasury of the United States the sum of $14,000 of any tribal funds on deposit to the credit of the Indians of the San Carhis Reservat on in Arizona, and fo expend the same for all purposes necessary for the operation and mainte- nance of pnmp'ng plants and irrigat on system and for the drdllng of wells and iistallat'on of additional pnmp iig plants for the irr gation of lands on the said reservafon: Provided. That the sum so used shall be reimbursed to the tribe by the Indians benefited, under such rules and regulations as the Secre- tary of the Interior may prescribe. Mr. Meritt. In justification I offer the following: Indian money, proceeds of labor l^nn Carlos Indians irrirjation, Arizona (reiiiihiirsahle). Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount authorized $38,500^00 Fiscal year ended Junt 30. 1920 : Amount authorized ■^- IT. oOO. 00 Amount expended 12, 644. 50 Unexpended balance -i- Soo. 41 .\nalys's of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc • 6, 498. 42 Traveling expenses 2.o9. 71 Transportation of supplies 1,010.94 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 3, 872. 94 Equipment and mi.scelianeous material 1.001.58 iMiscellaneous 1- 00 12, G44. .50 Tribe, Apache ; population, 2,521. Area of reservation acres__ 1,834.240 Irrigable under project ' do 2. 700 Under constructed works 6, 761.06 Operation and maintenance charges for fiscal year $15. 1-54. 58 lOperation and maintenance charges to June 30, 1920 $31,-592. 42 Operation and maintenance charges are not collected from water users. Estimated additional cost to complete, nothing. Estimated" cost per acre when completed, $50. Average value of irrigable land per acre, $175. Irrigation project started, 1917. Work done by force account. Indian labor being principally used. Average annual precipitation, 10 inches. Source of water supply, San Carlos and Gila River.s. "212 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Crops produced, alfalfa, corn, rye, wheat. Market for products, local and general, good. Distance from railroad, 1 mile. Three pumping plants are in operation at San Carlos antl one at Kyla« on the same reservation. These plants supply water for irri:.;ating about l,:i85 acres of land. These plants were made necessary by the extreme tinods in tlw Gila and San Carlos Rivers 1914, 1915, and 1910. which destroyelack Pt)int and the second oi what is known as Dewey Flat. The two plants should irrigate about 7(K> oi 800 acres of excellent land on the .south s!de of the river. There are betweei four and five bundled Indinns in the P>ylas district, where we have only om pumping i)lant capable of supjilying about 'MH) acres. \Vl\en the- for ojuM-ati<| and maintenance purposes. Mr. Elston. How does it happen. Mi-. Meritt. that there seems t be a tribal fund here from which this appropriation couhl be madf and in other cases the am^ropriation has to be made direct ? Mr. Mkritt. The San Carlos Indians have a larfjje reservation, an' their lands are very valuable for (grazing purposes, and we huv leased them for that purpose. Mr. Elston. Where like conditions obtain in regard to other Ir dians you seek to make their activities self-siistaininj;, as in thi:^ ir stance, do you not ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Now, the next item. Mr. Meritt. We would like to have inserted after '' pumpin plant " in the sixth line, the words " and irri'jation systems." fort AI'.VCIIK IXDT.VNS. POWKR plant .VXD IKinn.VTION. Mr El.ston. Pafje 46 is next and purports to be an approi)riat io out of the tribal funds of the Apache Indians. ■ Mr. Mkiutt. We ofl'ei- for (lie record tlie foHowinp: justification :tJ The Secrelary of (lie Interior is hereby authorizinl to withdraw from il Treasury of the Tnited States the sum of .I^S.-'iOO of :iny tribal funds on depos to the credit of the Indians of the Fort .\paclie KestTvation in .Vri/.ona, ;iiicl expend the same, in connection with the smu of .$7,r>(M) of the funds apitioiu ateil in this .ict for Indian scbool and agency Imildings, for completing !l recoiislnietloii, repair, and improvement of the jiower iibint ami irrigiiiii system on the Fort .Vpacbe Indian KestMvalion, .\ri/,., as iirovided for in tl ad of .lune 80, 1919 (11 Slat. L. p. 11): I'niriiird, That tli(> tribal fund- expended shall be reimlmrsed to the tribe by the Indians benetlled under ^u. rules .•md reglallons ns mny be |irescribed by the Secret;iry of the IntMii' Anil })\itvi(litl furllur. Tliat ihe sum of .'<7.r)(K> of Ibe amount appropriat«Hl In tli a<'t for Indiiin school tind agency buildings Is berebv set siitart and reseivi for this imr|iose. iiiid sluill be liumedliilely .•ivailMliIe. INDIAN APPROPEIATION BILL, 1922. 213 ndian money, proceeds of labor. Fort Apache Indians, poivcr plant and irri- gation ( reimbursable). s fiscal year eiuliug Juue 30, 1921 : Amount authorized $7, 7o(). (jO •'iscal year ended June 30. 1920: Amount anthoiized 17, (iCK). (UJ Amount expended 12, 861. 94 Unexpended balance 4, T3S. (MJ Analysis of exijenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 7.231.37 Traveling expenses .^01. 40 Transportation of supplies 700.12 Equipment and miscellaneous material 4, 357. 70 Miscellaneous 11. 3.1 Total 12. 861. 04 Tribe, Apache : population, 2,495. Lfea of reservation ac-re>:__ 1,681,920 Irrigable under project do 750 Under constructed works do Actually irrigated do CultiYated by Indians do ('ultivated by white owners do < 'ultivated by write lessees , do -umber of Indians engaged — dumber of whites engaged (owners) >unilier of wliite.s en;:aged (lessees) ^ 'on.-aiuction costs for liscal year $38,179.84 "onsirucrion costs to .Tune 30, 1920 .$55, 150. 67 iperation and maintenance charges for fiscal year .S950. 9S 'peration and maintenance to June 30, 1920. $950. 98 Operation and maintenance charges are not collected from water users. Estimated addition;'! cost to complete, $20,000. Estimated cost per acre when completed, $45. (See below.) Average value of irrigable land per acre. .$200. Irrigation project started. 1919. \\'(>rk done by force account. Indian labor being principally used. Average annual precipitation. 18 inches. Source of water supply, North Fork of White River. Crops prfiduced. corn, wheat, hay. vegetables. Market for products, home consumption. Distance from railroad. 23 miles. This is a combination power and irrigation scheme designed to supply power, i-'ht. and domestic water fr use ar the F<»rt Apache School and agency build- igs. and also to supply water for irrigation purposes to some 750 acres of ibal land which can be used by the Indians for raising grain, vegetables, for home consumi)tion. The power developed will approximate lik) horse- aver, sutficienr to furnish the school and agency with electric lights and with wer for uso in the laun.-liy. machine shops, etc.: also power for pumping ater for domestic use The original estimate for the installation of this plant aggregated $.50,000, It increased price of labor and material, and a change in plans necessitated > unusual floods during the winter of 1919-20 disclose that the original esti- ate was considerably too low. Practically all needed machinery and sup ies have been purchased and installed, however, in so far as the actual opera- on of the power plant is concerned, but in order to utilize the water for irri- ition purposes additional funds are needed for canal extension and to cover le construction of laterals. As a part of this system is to be used for supplying the school and agency kiildings with light and power, the cost of installing this plant has been vided. a part being paid from " Indian school and agency buildings," which not reimbursable, the remainder coming out of the Indians' tribal funds, to " reimbursed under such rules and regulations as the Secretary of the Interior u. 214 IXDJAX APPKOPKIATION BILL, 1922. may prescribe. Tlie act of June 30. 1919, nppropriatetl $17,60(1 of tril)al funilg I'or this jturpose, and the act of F'ebruary 14, 1920, api)ropriateil $7,750 — a total of $2r),3r>0. Adding to this the $8,500 trii)al moneys above rtHiuested to cmn- plete this woik will make a total reimbursable expenditure of $3;i.8r>0 foi ihe irrijration of thf> 7.")0 acres to l»e supplied. This ^dves an aiipniximate e(i>i of $45 per acre, properly ehai-jieable ajiainst the irripition entl of the system. Mr. P^LSTox. These Apaches are similarly situated to the proup in re^anl to which you just testified on the other item for tribal fun0,- 000 and that road is positively the worst in Arizona. The Govern- ment has a detachment of soldiers stationed at Fort Apache, and 1 Avas informed by one of the officers at that point that it costs them $1,800 per week to operate a waofon train to supply one troop oi cavalry. If there was a passable macadam road, this freijrht could be handled with motor trucks at an immense savinpr. That road should be improved, and tlue Indians should bear their share of thi expense. I sup:gest that you ask Mr. Meritt what he knows aboul the situation. Mr. Meritt. Mr. Hayden brouaht that matter to the attention erf the office last summer and we had to wire back to Mr. Ilayden thai as we had already made up our estinuites, it was too late to includ* it in the estimates for the Indian bill. It is true that we need r road to the reservation, but the Indians should not be called iipoi to construct the entire road; the War Dei)artmont is there and th< soldiers are not there now on account of the Indians. It is a re«ru lar post of the War Depai-tment. ^ir. IIaydex. This situation illustrates the old *rame of "passiuj the buck." The War Department will say, "' AVe have the soldier there on account of the Indians," go to the Indian Office and the^ say it is a AVar Department matter, with the result the United Stite in su]iplyinsit to thi> eiid of the Indians of the Fort .\pach(> Indian Reservation in .Vri/.ona and to '■> pend tlie same on the construction, improvtMuent. and maintenance of the roa: between Cooley and Wldte Uiver on said reservation. ( I also offer a letter from the superintendent which ws tliSi $15,000 is needed for a new laundry biiihUng to replace oue difi stroyed by fire. l'\)Kr .Vl'ACIlK .SlllOOl., Mliil< /.'/■'■<■/•. \ri:.. Sri.hin'nr '.7, /.<».'(*. lion. ('AUT. IlAYDEN, Mriiilxr of ConijrcsK, I'hocni.r, Ari:. », I)K\u .Mr. Haydkn : From liie copy of my rei'<»rl to Ihe Conunlssloner 1 Indian AfTairs transmitted herewith you will .se«' we luive mel with anot"" ndsforlune. The old laundry bidlilin^' hi22. would start duriiifr daylifxlit hours. With tinder boxes such as all these old buildings are, we can hop*' for nothinfr unless ]tresent when accidents occur. There was jjleiiiy of helj) at hand and it worked efficiently. It is due to iliis efRcieney that no other buildintrs were destroyed. Aery respectfully, Chas. L. Davis, Superit}tni(lP)it. Mr. Elstox. Is tliere a tribal council there to whicii this roa*! mat- ter could be submitted in order to ^et an expressi(m from the Indians? Mr. Meritt. No, sir. Mr. Elston. The Government acts for the Indians ami uses its own discretion? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. DIVERSION IJAM. (;il..V KIVKl!. Mr. ELSTt)N. The next item appears to be an item continuin*r the construction and work on the Gila Indian Reservation, desi<_oiated as a reimbursement. For contiiiuinfr (he constniction (»F canals and distrilmtinjr works for the irrijration of lands on the Gila JUver Indian Ke.servatit)n and lands in public and private ownership in the vicinity of Florence and Casa Grande, Ariz., as l)rovide(l by the act of May 18, 191G (39 Stats. I>., p. 380), $2(X).0»l terior for use in connection with such irrijxation project.s. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: Diversion dam. (lihi liivcr. above Floreitcc. Ariz, {rriinhin sable). Fiscal year endinf: June 30, 1921 : ^ Amount appropriated .STo. OiHt ik' Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount available KHi. A~t^. Amount exi»ended 4, 72S. i I nexiteiided balance ^ _ _ U»l,72«'i 71 Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, wa>:es, etc *_ Travel injr expenses Transp<»rtation of sui)plies . Sta1ion«'ry Fuel, lubricants, power, and lljrht service I'](|uipment and miscellaneous material < Mitslandintr liabilities 4. 72N. 7! I'nder prior acts !);2."0.( 101 > has ))een api»roi>riati'd for the constru«-tion oi i Jn'nt diversion dam a<'ross the Gila River above Florence to supply water i<>i irrlKiition pur|)oses to land In Indian and white ownership, pursuant to an iicii In the nc| of Alay IS. 1!»1(5 (39 Stats.. 129). the Indian land involved a^rf*'-'''' in;; .".."LOno acres and the while lands 27,«MIO acres, a total of f.L'.OOO ncres. The act of May 'Sk lillS (1(1 Stats.. .'■)0S), appropriated !<.".i>,0.(XK). The acquisition of ■-' Hiis canal will result in a considerable saving to the project and w.U avoid luplication of work and waste of money should a new canal in close proximity to and practically parallel with the existing one be constructed. Ad — , l»y and lietwi-i-n , allottet' No. of tlie Tin Tiil)(> of Indians, liercinaller callrd llie " lessor," and W. U. Klliott. of rho.i v Ari/.., Iici-cinartfi- tallfd Ilie " It'ssce," nnder and in fonfonnity witli tlic ]n<<\i .sions of existing,' law, llie n';iula(lons i>rtsiril>i'd liy tin- SiH-ielary id" llu- liiii INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1022. 219 rior, and the special aa;reeinoiit v.itli the said W. II. Klliott approved on November 22, 1919, a copy of wliich is appended liereto and made a part hereof rand to the stipuhitions of which tlie lessor hereby specili(,'ally a.iiries — Witnessetli tlnit fnr and in C(»nsideration of the covenants and agreements set forth in said last-mentioned docnnient and those hereinafti^r provided for,^the lessor doth hereby let and lease unto the lessee the hind and premises described as follows, to wit: of section , townslii]) , ranj;e , con- taining 10 acres, more or less, for tlie term of 10 years from the day of , 19 — , fully to be comjdeted and ended on the day of , 19—. In consideration of the foregoing the lessee covenants and agrees to cultivate, improve, and farm said land in a husbandlike manner and to the best advan- tage in c(mforniity with up-to-date agricultural practice, .so as to conserve the fertility of the soil ; to keep said lands free from noxious weeds ; to construct such ditches and laterals as may be necessary for the economical use of water; •to repair and keep in order all head gates, checks, drops, culverts, dams, liumes, and other irrigation structures ; and to guard against the exces.sive use of water or the water logging of said laud through leakage or seepage. It is understood and agreed that the lessee shall have the right to utilize for his own use or benetit, or to otlierwise dispose of, all timber, posts, or wood which it may be necessary to remove from said land for the purpose of placing the same in cultivation. The lessee furtlier agrees to leave 2^ acres of said allotment in a good stand of alfalfa at the termination of this lease by expiration or otherwise, or in default thereof to pay to the lessor the cost of seeding such 2^ acres to this rop. It is further agreed and understood that the lessee will provide at his own expense all equipment and structures necessary for the proper irrigation of the land leased hereunder, which shall be of standard up-to-date type, both as to material and construction, the plans and specifications therefor to be subject to the approval of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs or his representative ; I j and that such equipment and structures shall be left in good condition upon the "expiration or forfeiture of this lease, for the continued effective irrigation of the land, and shall become the property of the United States for and on behalf I of the lessor. It is also agreed and understood by and. between the parties hereto that if upon the expiration of this lease it shall be deemed ad^■isable by the Com- missioner of Indian Affairs, to again lease said allotment, the lessee shall have the preference right to negotiate a new lease upon such terms and conditions as Ijtlie said Commissioner of Indian Affairs may require, the consent of the lessor fito be first had and obtained thereto. It is further agreed that if the lessee shall fail to comply with, or shall violate, any of the provisions of this lease, or of the special agreement meu- tioned above, or of the laws and regulations applicable thereto, the Commis- sioner of Indian Affairs or his representative may declare the lease forfeited by giving 30 days' notice and may thereafter reenter and take possession of the premises without legal process, but such forfeitiu-e shall not release the lessee from the performance, all and singular, of his covenants and agreements herein set forth and those emiiodied in the contract above mentioned. It is further agreed and understood that the United States Indian Service shall have and retain, for the benefit of the lessor, a lien on all equipment, ve stock, implement:s. and appurtenances of whatsoever nature placed upon the premises by the lessee, and upon all crops grown or growing thereon, as security for the faithful performance of the above-mentioned covenants and agreements, which said lien shall be in lieu of a surety bond therefor. It is hereby further expressly agreed by and between the parties hereto that the lessee shall have the right to assign or transfer this lease, or to sublet the premises covered thereby, to a satisfactory tenant or tenants with the consent of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs or his representative, in writing; and that any assignment, transfer,' or sublease made or attempted to be made without such consent shall be utterly void and of no effect. It is further agreed and understood that the covenants and agreements here- inbefore mentioned shall extend to, and be binding upon, the heirs, assigns, executors, and administrators of the parties hereto; and that this lease shall bJsh 220 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. l)e valid and hiiiiliiifr uiily after approval by tlie ( "onmrssioner of Indian Aftai's or his representative. In witness whereof the parties hereto have hereunto set their hands the diy and yesir first above written: Lesser P. O. P. O. State of , County of , ss: On this day of , 19 — , personally appeared before nie — - , the above-named and and aeknowleil;: were explaini'd to and fully iniderstood by the lessor, and that said lease \\ as sifrned and sealed in my presence, and to the best of my knowledp' and belief :s in every respect free from fraud or deception, and that I am in n<> re.ursm(nt to I he regulations. I iiitefl State>< Jniliaii Si i rice SiiiKihitcmlenl. AGKKEMKNT. Whereas W. K. Elliott, of tlie lity of Phoenix. Slate of Arizona, desires lo nejrotiate lea.ses coverinjr certain lands within the (iila River Ue.s«M-vation in the State (»f Arizona for the purpo.se of larminji and raising cotton antl T crops thereon ; and Whereas there arc on said reservation above mentioned large areas of farming land capable of producing alfalfa, ((ttton. ami other crops, wliicli lauM lln' United Slat«'s holds in trust for members of the Indian tribes living on said reservation ; and Whereas the Secretary of the Interior is authorized by various acts of Con- gress to exerci.se the powers of trustee and thus act for and In behalf of those Indians wlio.se land is so held in trust, in so far as pertains to the usi' of such land, under rules and regulations prescrihi'd by him: Now, therefon-, this agreement made and entered into (his 22d day of Novem- ber, A. I). 1019, by and between tln' said W. R. Elliott, party of the t^rst pan. for more convenient reference hereinafter styled contractor, and the Comnii>- sioner of Indian Aft'airs, with the approval of the Secretary of the Interior, parly of the .second part: Witne.sseth that the said contractor, in conjunction with the suptn'intendent or other olficer in charge of the (Jila River Reservation, Ariz., hereimifter called suiu-rintendent, shall, within 120 days from the date of approval of the agree- ment by (he Secretary of the Int»M-ior, .select r»0,0(>0 acres of suKable and avail- abh- Indian land on the said (Jila River Indian Rcsoivation. in three tracts, in or adjacent to the .sections indicated below: 111 ACKW.N rKI! niSTKICT. Sections 1, li, :!. !t, 10, 11, IL'. ir., 1(5, lil. and 22, all in loun-liii. .". -^nmi,. ran 7 east, of the Cila and Salt Rlvi r nieridhin. .\rizona. IXDIAX APPEOPEIATION BILL, 1922, 221 {'ASA m.ANCA msTlMCT. P; Sections 4. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. 11. 12, ]4, !.">. 1(5, 17. 20, 21. aiul 22, iill in towiLshin 4 sdiitli. raii.ire 4 east: and sections 1, 2, 11, and 12. in township 4 south, range 3 t^ast. of tlie G'la and Salt River meridian, Arizona. ii'. SANTAN AND SNAKETOWN OISTUrCT. if f Sections 20, 21. 22. 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28. 29, 32. 33, 34. 35, and 30, in townshii. 2 .sonth, range 3 ea.yt : sections 1. 2, 3, 4. 5, 9. 10. 11. 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16, and all of the sfouth half of townsliip 2 south, ranjie 4 east; sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. 9. 10, 11. and 12, township 3 south, ranye 4 east; the ahove-descrihed land, iUid the superintendent will render all sections 7, 18, and 19, township 3 south, rauire 6 east, of the Gila and Salt River meridian, Arizona. n. Upon completion of the selections as indicated in the foregoing, the said contractor will suhmit a map showing the same to the Connnissioner of Indian Affair.-;, and after approval thereof the s'aid contractor is herehy authorized to negotiate lea.ses for periods of 10 years with the respective Indian allottees of the abo\ e-drscrlbed land, and the superintendent will render all practicable assistance in so doing. The said superintendent is hereby authorized to sign leases in behalf of minors and undetermined heirs, and for such other Indians as may not be prepared to develop their land efficiently f(»r agi'icultural purposes and who fail or refus'e to execute leases covering such land. At the option of tlie said contractor, the 50,000 acres of land, selected as provided herein, may be divided into live classes of approximately 10.000 acres each, the leases cov- ering all in class 1 to be negotiated and executed as soon as possible after the approval of this agreement; the leases covering all lands in classes 2, 3. 4, and 5, to be completed and executed on or before January 1, 1921. January 1, 1922, January 1, 1923, and January 1. 1924, respectively, each lease to run for a period of 10 years from date of execution thereof and to be subject to the consent of the respective Indian allottees as provided in the foregoing, the superintendent to assist and act in the same capacity as above indicated. To in- sure negotiation of such subsequent leases the contractor may obtain the consent f)f the Indian allottees, in writing, on the form attached and hereby made a part hereof, to lease their allotments to him on the dates .specified for the period of 10 years thereafter. III. The consideration for the leases to be executed hereunder shall be as follows ; The said contractor shall agree, in writing, with the Salt River Valley Water I'sers' Association, of Phoenix. Ariz., for the continuous delivery for a period of 20 years, from a date to be hereafter agreed upon, of 5,000 kihnvatts electric power to the said Gila River Indian Reservation, at not to exceed li cents per kilow^att hour ; .said agreement with said Salt River Valley Water Users' Association to be subject to the approval of the Secretary of the Interior. All expens'es connected with the negotiation of such agreement and the full ■ind complete compliance with the provisions thereof shall be paid by the said contractor. It is understood and agreed, however, that such agreement with said Salt River Valley Water Users' Association shall specifically provide thut all equipment necessary for the generation, transmission, and delivery of said electric power to the northern boundary line of the Gila River Indian Reser- vation at the point where the present Sacaton electric transmission line inter- sects said reservation boundary shall remain the property of, belong to, and he subject to the disposal of the Salt River Valley Water Users' Association, its successors, or assigns, after the expiration of this agreement and the leases to be executed pursuant hereto. Further, that upon the termination of this agreement and the leases to be executed pursuant hereto, all such equipment falling below said northern boundary line and within the said Gila River Indian Reservation, shall become the property of the United States, for and on behalf of the Indians of said reservation. IV. The contractor hereby agrees to provide, install, and maintain, at his n expense, all material and equipment necessary for the pi-oper delivery of id electric powder from the point of intersection of the present Sacaton power line with the northern boundary of said Gila River Indian Reservation to the various irrigation wells provided for herein, such equipment to become the property of the United States upon termination of this agreement and the leases to be executed hereunder, as above provided, and it is further under- stood that the contractor, his assigns, lessees, or sublessees shall have the right ■ 222 IXDIAX APPROPRIATlUX BILL, 1922. to use any part of the present Saoaton transiniion line provided irch use w ill not in any manner interfere willi the proper and ellieient transmission of electric jiower to which the said Gila River Reservation is now entitled under its ajireement with the Reclamation Service. V. It is understdod and aureed thai the contractor shall provide at his own expense all wells, motors, pumi)s, fences, ditches, and other eipiipmcnt. niaia and lateral ditches, gates, checks, drops, and other ditch-control devices nec-s- sary for the irrigation of all land leased pursuant hereto, ami that he \\ \{ clear, level, and keep in a proper state of cultivation all land covered by the respective leases. VI. The party of the first part further agrees to fence the outhoundaries of each segregated tract of land so leased, with a satisfactory fence of not less than four galvanized barlied wires; it(>.sts to be not more than one rod aitart, not less than UA feet in length, and of either cedar, nies«pnte. stj-el. or other approved material, all posts of wood to ))e not less than 4 inches in diameter at the lop, and to be firmly .set not less than IS inches in the ground. Sectional line fences shall be so located as to make suitable and proper allowance for r()a(is. VII. The contractor, his assigns, or sublessees hereunder, shall have the rii;lit to utilize for bis own use or benefit, or otherwise di.spose of all tinii»er, posts, or wood which it may be neci'ssary to remove from said land for the purpose of phicing the same in cultivation. VIII. All wells, motors, pumps, fences, ditches, and ditch-control apparatus, power lines, and other equipment furnished pursuant to the provisions of this agreement shall be of standard, ui)-to-dafe type, both as to niatorial and con- struction, and i)lans and specification thereof shall be subject to the ajiproval of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs or his repn'sentatives, and all of such works shall be subject at all times to inspection by said couunissioner or his representatives. The equipment mentioned in this para.gi-a|)h of this agn-e- nient, falling within the boundaries of the (iila River Indian Reservation, shall be left in good condition at the expiration of this agreement or any lease or leases executed pursuant hereto, and shall become the ju-operty of tlie L'ni"^t1 States for and on behalf of the Indians of the Gila River Reservation. ' . clause last appearing herein, however, shall not apply to farming imi>leineni> or live stock, which shall remain the property of and l)e subject to disposgl by the contractor, his assigns, or the k-ssees liereuiider, as the case may It is also agreed and understood by and between the parties hereto that upon the expiration of any leases made in conformity with this agretnnent, shall be deemed advisable by the Comnnssloner of Indian AlTairs to acain b =:. said lands or any of them, the contractor or his assigns shall have the pri . i ence right to renew their leases thereon upon such terms and conilitions as tin Couunissioner of Indian Aft'airs may nnpiire. IX. In addition to the foregoing, the contractor, his assigns or lessees b • inuler, agree to leave not less than one-fourth of each entire tract in culi lion at the expiration of the leases in a good stand of all'alfa. so distriltn i under the direction of the party of tlu^ second iiart, as to place ll^ acres of s; on each of any alk)tmenls which the Indian owners thereof may desire to i ■ over for their own purposes: Provided, That ftu* all allotments not setnled '• alfalfa to the extent of one-fourth there hereunder, may at their own expense connect with the existing 11o»k1-w: ■ ditches or canals now on said Gila River Indian Reservation, and to use • i irrigiition purposes on any binds leiised hereunder, tlood water from the <■ ; River, when such may be available, in the discretion of the Conuulsslone Indian Aflairs. XI. The provisions of this agreement shall be binding upon the parties he; their heirs, executors, successors, administrators, antl assigns, and, subjt < th<» api»roval of tlu' i>arty of tlu' second part, this agret'nient and all ri bereunrh'r may be assigned to third parties. It is further understood agreed that the contractor shall have the right to sublease any of the b covered l)y this agreement to satisfactory tenants acceptable to the (\)nii siotier of Indian .MValrs. iiiiou terms ntit inconsistent with the provision- ■ this agreement. XII. In lieu of a bond for the fMltblul perforuianci' of this au'reement : the leases that may be executed pursuMUt bereto, it is underst<>od anil a;:i osai IXDIAX APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. 223 hat the party of the second part shall have and retain a lien on all equip- nent, live stock, implements, and appurtenances of any nature whatsoever placed ipon the leased lands and upon all crops grown or jrrowing thereon. Should he party of the first part fail to comply with the provisions of this ajrree- ueut by negotiating and obtaining execution of a lease covering the lands in ;lass 1 (Par. II) within 12 months from the date of the approval of thi.s igreement by the Secretary of the Interior, then and in that event, in he discretion of said Secretary, this agreement may be canceled and all rights eunder shall cease. Should a lease or leases be comi)leted as herein i)ro- ided covering all lands within class 1. and the contractor or his a.ssigns there- ifter fail to obtain execution of leases covering the lands in classes 2, 3, 4, md 5 within the time specified in Paragraph II hereof, then and in that event ihe Secretary of the Interior may, at his option, declare this contract conceled nd all rights hereunder forfeited in so far as it applies to such lands in i asses 2, 3, 4, and 5. (Signed) W.R.Elliott, II (Signed) E. B. ilERiTT. f' Acting Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Witness : I Approved November 22, 1919. (Signed) S. G. Hopki>-s, Assistant Secretary of the Interior. ^h\ ]Meritt. We have them tied up so that the Government is jrotected for every doHar advanced. Mr. Elstox. Will the management of the project be simihir to that i the Reclamation Service? Mr. ]\Ieritt. Alone: similar lines. Mr. Hatdex. Might I ask. Mr. Eeed. whether the canal .which it s proposed to purchase, is the canal which was constructed by the Casa Grande Water Users' Association ? Mr. Reed. Yes, sir: and entering into the price we have to pay for t are three items. In the first place, that canal is located so that t requires the raising of the dam about 3 feet over what it was orig- mally intended, and the cost of that extra 3 feet is taken from the value of the canal: we have also estimated in the cost of the canal I what it would cost to construct it with modern machinery instead of ■J by the old system as it was, and then after that another deduction was lude for the sum necessary to make repairs to the work already done, emoving earth at various places; in fact, we made a very close sur- rey of the entire sj'stem. Mr. Hatdex. You are satisfied that it is an actual saving to the Tovernment to purchase this canal instead of digging a new one ? Mr. Reed, "We are :. the people who own this canal are people ^hose lands are included in this 27,000 acres belonging to white -ettlers in this project. Mr. Hatdex, That is not my understanding, because this canal was built by people living in Casa Grande, many of whom have no land within the 27,000 acres, Mr. Reed. Only part of them are served; there are quite a num- ber who get no service. Mr. Elstox. How much of this 25,000 acres of Indian lands may je irrigated now- by wells? Mr. Reed. Very little on the south side of the river : there are just a few hundred acres, but on the north side there is something like -.000 acres, served by a combination of water both from wells and the river, when they are able to get it. '224 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr, Elston. That total is comprised in the 3r».00() acres of In«lian lands? Mr. Reed. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Are the hinds of the Indians, comprised in this 8."».()0() acres which may be developed, nnder lease or bein^r deveh)ped at all? Mr. Reed. Not under lease; none of this is nnder lease. Mr. TiNKHAAi. How much of the (lihi Ri\er is in the reservation you speak of? Mr. Reed. About 40 miles. Mr. TiNKiiAM. What is the average l)readth of the river during that 40 miles? Mr. Reed. From bank to bank it runs from 300 yards up to three quarters of a mile: at times the Gila is simply a bed of sand, while at other times it is a torrent carrying a large body of water, and impassable except by bridges which are erected at various points; it is not a constant or a regular stream. It is impossible to estimate when it will be in flood or when it will be dry. These periods changi from year to year, although there are certain periods when it if more liable to have water or more liable to be drj-. Mr. TiNKHAM. Are you constructing dams for damming the river^ Mr. Reed. Only diversion dams: not storage. The diversion daif^ under discussion is located above Florence. Mr. TiNKHAM, If you do not have a storage dam, how do you ob tain a supply of water for irrigation when the river is dry ( Mr. Reed. We do not; we simply make it possible to irrigate tht fields when there is water. Mr. TiNKHAM. Whatj effect does that have on the use of tht system ? Mr. Reed. A very material effect at the present time: when tin river is in flood it very frequently occurs that no water can be ob tained or put into the canals, but with this diversion dam wheneve there is water in the river it can be made available. Mr. TiNKHA^M. Would it be possible to arrange a series of stori^'' dams? Mr. Reed, It is possible; and there has been a full report made b^ our own service and also a report made by a Board of Engineers n the Army: also a report made by a private firm of engineers. Mr. TiNKHAM. Has any recommendation been nuule for a storag dam or a series of storage dams? Mr. Reed. Every report, I believe, has made recomnu^ndation fo at least one dam. Ml'. TiNKFiAM. There has been no appropriation Tn:id»> for that '. Mr. Reed. No, sir. Mr. TiNKHAM. Why not ^ .Ml'. Rkkd. When the ap|)ropi-iation was made tor these dams ther had been so nuich agitation lor the large storage dams that th congressional committee was very insistent that we pledge ourselvc that this was not the beginning of tlu' so-ralled San Carlos jiroj' and in all our i-efpiests siil)initted to this coniniittee we ha\t' luv. coMsideicd the Sail Cai'ios sloi'age as pai't of this project. Ilowevr the construction will be of such natute that should the San C'arl< c\('r 1)1' l»uilt full advantage can be talccu of the stored waters. Mr. Fi.si'oN. Arc you convinced. .Mr. Keed.that (his full amount < $'2(»().(l()() will In- uee("led during the next liscal vear^ It INDIAN APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. 225 Mr. Reed. It will, and ought to be used for the reason that if we should proceed with the construction of the dam and complete it we would still be a considerable distance from the real application jf the water to the lands. Mr. Elstox. If we stopped right now and appropriated no part of :his $200,000, where would we be left i Mr. Reed. We would be left with the dam and head gates and no jpportunit}^ of placing water in the canals and serving the lands. Mr. Dempsey. In other words, we would have everything except :he irrigating canals? Mr. Reed. Yes, sir. BRIDGE AT LEES FERRY. Mr. Elstox. On page 49 ; I believe we might have you put in the ustifications. For an investigation by tlie Secretary of tlie Interior of tlie conditions with ■espect to tlie necessity of constructing u bridge across tlie Colorado River it or near Lees Ferry, Ariz., .$1,000, or so nuieli thereof as may be necessary or the purpose, and the said Secretary is hereby authorized and directed to ause surveys, plans, and reports to be made, together with an estimated limit )f the cost of said bridge, and to submit same to Congress as soon as pos- ible, with his recommendation as to what proportionate part of the cost of the onstruction Df said bridge, if any, shall be paid by the United States. Mr. Meritt. The justification is as follows: BRIDGE ACROSS COLORADO RIVER AT LEES FERRY, ARIZ. A bridge at this point would benefit several thousand Indians as well as a ;reat many white people, and it is likely that both the county of Coconino and he State of Arizona would be willing to bear a .iust proportion of its cost. The ob.iect of this appropriation is merely to provide funds for the purpose 'f making a detailed investigation and survey as to the necessity of the pro- losed bridge and the preparation of plans and specifications therefor in order hat the matter may be presented to Congress as soon as pos.sible, with the lew of obtaining an appropriation for a proportionate share of the cost of he bridge should this action be deemed advisable under the circumstances. WATER RIGHTS, SALT RIVER ALLOTTEES. Mr. Elstoxt. You might read the justification for the next item, vhich seems to be in the same class as the item just read. To provide for water rights in perpetuity for the irrigation of 631 Salt River llotments of 10 acres each, as authorizetl by the act of May 18, 1916 (39 Stat. 'i., p. 130), the sum of $65,000, appropriated by said act of May IS, 1916. and he acts of March 2, 1917 (39 Stat. L., p. 975), May 25, 1918 (40 Stat. L., '. 569). and June 30. 1919 (41 Stat. L., p. 10), is hereby reappropriated and hall remain available until expended. :;4| Mr. Meritt. The next item is merely the reappropriation of '•noney which has heretofore been appropriated. Water rights, Salt Kicer allottees. "ribe, Pima, population, 1,273 — i-rea of reservation acres — 46, 720 rrigable under project do 32,000 Inder constructed canals do 24, 403 >-Ctually irrigated do 6, 855 26630—21 15 226 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BIU., 1922. Cultivated l)y Indians aires-- 6.81" Ciiltivate. -i Operation and maintenance costs to June 30, 1920 $17,260. ', Operation and maintenance charjres not collected from water users. Estimated additional cost to complete, $350,000. Estimated cost per acre when completed, $65. Irrigation known to have been practiced continuously since the early days First aid rendered by Indian Service about 1875. Work done by force account, Indian labor being principally used. Average value of irrigable land per acre, $200 to $700. Average annual precipitation, 9 inches. Source of water supply, Salt River and Roosevelt Dam. Crops, cotton, grain, alfalfa, vegetables. Market, local ; good. Distance from railroad, 16 miles. Undt-r the Kent decrw the Indians of the Salt Kiver Reservation wt'i awarded a water right to 790 miner's inches from the first flow of the Sal River. This is insufficient for the projipr Irrigation of the lands allotteil t thes-e Indians, but we have arranged annually with the managt'rs of the S;t River Valley Irrigation project to obtain additional water tcujporarily fnn stored waters of the Roosevelt Reservoir, to augment the decreed, rights ^>: ... Indians. Under the acts mentioned, to total of $«)5.0(X) was appropriated fo the acquisition of a jiermanent water right for 6.310 acres of adilitional India: land. The appropriations rt'feried to. however, were not made "avaihib! until oxittnded," and the management of the Salt River projei't having turned over to the Salt River Valley Water Users' As.sociation, ditlictili\ experienced in efTecting arrangements with tlie association in obtainini: permanent rights desired, and the apiiroprijitii>ns lieretof<»re made have anti matically lapsed annually (ni expiration of the fiscal year for which made. Ir i desired that the amounts previousl\ apiimpriated, but which were not i be reapprojtriated and made available until expended, in order that negotiai.Ji looking to the acqulsiton of a i)ermanent water right for these lands can be n opened and completed. Mr. Elstox. There is a third item oti pa^e 50 which seems lo b in the same chiss as these others : The Secretary of the Interior Is hereby authorizwl to .sell and convey at tli appraised value of same at the time of sale the land and buildings known a United States Indian Day School, located in the .southwestern part of the clt of Tucson, to school district No. 1, I'ima County, Ariz., for use as a publi school: PiovUUd. That Indian children residing in that district shall !»•■ V' ceived therein at all times on equal terms with white children. Mr. MKKirr. 1 olTer for the record the foHowino; justirtcatiou : The Tucson Day School, under the Sells Agency. .\riz.. is located within tl limits of the city of Tucson. The attendance at this s<'hool is very irregu n due to the fact that at least i>art of the Indians are not located jiernninuntl in the village but have their fjirm land out on the reservatitai and go into t"\v' t<» work after their crops are planted. I The city sclio(»l autlioiiiies of Tucson have agrcH'd, if liiis school i)lant I turned over to them, to conduct therein a itublic school in which Indian chiidrt ' shall at all times be recelveil on iH\\u\\ terms with white children. The a.s.*, cintion of Indian children with whit(> children In a public schoitl is found tolj of considerable help to tlie Indian child, and the arrangement woidd be a henfiJ i)otli to the Indians and the school district. Mr. IIavdkn. 1 want to present to the committee for con.siderntio the question «if niaUinproi)riations. Very respectfully, UonERT E. L. I>A.MEL, Siii}criiiteii,( Indians. With the pleasantest recollections of your and your distinguished associal visit to this jurisdiction last spring, I am, f | Very truly, Robert E. L. I>aniki.. Supcrintentlent. Moyi'i AGENc^ . ' Kvaui.s Vnnoii. Ari:., Ortobcr 30, /.''J". CoMMissio.NKK oj- Indian .Vm'.mks. Wafihingtoii, l>. ('. Mv I>KAi{ Sik: I iia\<' tlie li(tn()r to submit herewith an estimate of the cost o material, iahci', and (MHiipiiicnt for tlie < oust riKt ion of an all-metallic clrcnl telephone Mne from Keams Canon .\gency to Winslow, Ariz., the railroa> shipping point for this reservation. This estimate Is basinl upon a distance of SO miles, and the figures are a] proximately correct. Owing to the llncluMlion in the cost of niatcrlal an' labor at present, it is imiiossii)le to olttain more than an ai)proximation o costs. It is, however, believed that with the downward tendency in the co> of such material and labor that these ligures will cover the c»t.st of this liiu and very likely by the time it is btdlt tlte cost will be materially le.ss. The necessity for this line is so urgent and obvious that it does not stH»i that furtlier justitication shotdd b»> necessary. I therefore r»Hpiest that amouii be included in your- estinialc for fuinis laid before ("oiigress. IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1022. 229 It was the unanimous opinion of the Committee on Indian Affairs, during its isit to this reservation in the spring, that this line should be l)uilt. and prom- sed its support if the matter were brought to the attention of Congress. It is hoped the Indian Office will treat this matter as special and recom- nend the appropriation to the proper committee of the Congress. Very respectfully, Robert E. L. Daxikf.. Siii/ciiufenflrnt. Utimatc cost of construction 80 miles of nU-metalUc circuit tctci>fionc line from Keams Cavnii, Ariz., to Wiiifiioir, Ariz. ■Preliminary survey -^^ $50. 00 definite location -^ _ im. 00 ,400 pole holes at .S0.20 4X0. 00 letting 2.400 poles at $0.15 30(». 00 tretching and t.viiig 80 miles wire at S-i.^O 360.00 ,400, 25 by 5 inch cedar poles, at $3 7,200.00 60 miles best No. 12 galvanized soft iron t: B B wire at $30 4,800.00 ,000 glass (pony) No. 9 insulatoi-s. packed in liarrels, at $0.05 250.00 ,200 feet j-inch guy cable, .-^oft in-n, ar $0.10 120.00 00 galvanized guy rods, i inch by 5 feet with eve, nut. and washers at $0.50 .50.00 00 pouiKls 20 d. wire nails at $6 18. 00 00 pounds 30 d. wire nails at $6 24. 00 telephone in.^Trunients, 2.400 olinis resistance at $40 240.00 SO miles (estimate) 14.596.92 lus freight 2, 500. 00 17. 096. 92 Department of the Intekiok. United States Indian Service. MoQi'i Indian Agency. Kcam.s Canon. Ariz.. Xorcniher 1, 1!)20. Ion. Carl Hayden. M. C, Wasliiugton. D. C. My Dear Mr. Hayden: I have tlie honor to inclose lierewith copy of a letter ddressed to rhe Commissioner of Indian Affairs, wherein I have recpiested an ppropriation of $30,(K)0 for road construction on this reservatifm. You have personal knowledge of this necessity, and I respectfully ask your cod offices in assisting us to obtain from Congress favorable action. i Navajo County has floated road bonds, $30,000 of which is now being used in iiie construcrion of a road from Winslow. our railroad shipjiing point, to the ,eservation line, and I desire to use the .SoO.O(Mi appropriation asked for to l)uild I road from Keams ('anon to meet this (•(•init.v roail. comiiletiiig the road from pe agency to the railroad. Very respectfully. Robert E. L. Daniel. Superintendent and Sperial Di-strict Af/eiit. Department of the Interior. Cnited States Indian Service, MoQUi Indian Agency. Kcams Canon, Ariz., Xorcinber I. 1920. he Commissioners of Indian Affairs. Washington, n. C. Sir: I have the honor to request that your office request Congress to make n appropriation of $30,000, to be useil In constructing roads upon the Moqui adian Reservation. The county of Navajo, Ariz., has voted $150,000 in bonds for road construc- ion, $30,000 of which was apportioned and is now being used in the construe- 280 INDIAN APPROPRlATIftX BILL, 1022. tion of a road from Wlnsl«»\v. Ariz., to a point on the south line <»f the Moqu Keserviition. 1 desirt* an t'tiual amount to con.^itruft 40 miles of road fron Keams Caiiou to mi'et this couiit.v mad at tlie reservation line. This will irivi us an outlet to the shippinj; point »)n the railroad, of inoalculahle economl< imiKirtance to the Federal (Jovi-rnnient. the State, and county. At present there are no roads on the re.«ervation in wet wealliei-. The (Jov ernnient has already paid the i)enalty. in thousands of dollars, for excessiv< freijrht rates as a rt'sult. We now have a motor truck transportation compao. operating: lietween Wiiislow and all points on the reservation, aind with th assistance from the ilovcnnnent the inati will pay for itself very quickly ii reduced freight rates. Very resiiectfully. Robert K. L. D.xxiei., Sui>ennten(h'nt ami Spi'Ciui District Aiivnt. islr. Elstux. Mr. Hayden. with re^^ard to the repair of biiihliiig: at Keams Canon, the committee saw tlie situation tlioro: there is a hir<;e in\estment by the (rovernmeiit there tliat shoiihl l»e in use. I has a complete plant, but we understand that the buildin«rs are no hal)itable b}'^ reason of some dislod«rement of the foundatiun.- Would it not be possible to ses))ital in tbat \\ i\ Mr. Mkiutt. Yes. sir. Mr. Haydex. While we were in the Navajo country there was som discussion al)oiit automobiles, and it was said that Ford cars wor f)Ut very ({uickly in the sand. Has the Indian Office authority t purchase any make of autom()l)ile, such as a l)oil^sion r>s;'rv.itii'ns wiio ;irt' tngaged in agriculture rely U|>on the gasoline punii>ing plaits installed diereon for water for irrigation, at croi»8 can not i)e laiscd \\iri\out water and it often becomes neces.sary to deny worthy requests for funds for the operation of these pumps. Efforts are Iteing made to see that the Indians adoi)t methods of cultivation which will bring about the best results and that leases are made which will award them the greatest returns. This requires sup-rvision l>y the Govern* nient. It is also necessary to alTord Indians protc-tion against tre.spa<- .'iid stock depredations. The analysis of expenditures indi<-Mtes how the npi»ropriatien was expe'.ided during the fiscal year 1020. The employees are necessarv for the imrpnses of supervision, and as the reservations are wid«>ly separated iiiuch time and money Uiust be expended in traveling. A large proportion of the approprialion. it will also be noted, is used in the piu'chase of medical .supplies, farming e concentration small, is it not a fact that the Imlians them.selves are tlirown on their own resources, and while, of course, there are cases of destitti- tion, he is becoming independent and capalde of making his own living? INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 233 Mr. Meritt. a number are makin<2f their own livin3. 90 .\NAI,Y8IS OF KXPEXniTUHE.S. Land .:_, L', l.'.Sii. 10 Congress has heretofore, in various appropriations, provided fuiuls for the imreliase of lands for Iionieles'^ Indians in California. Trior o 1913 there had been appropriated and expended S144,470 in the i)urchase of 0.420 aeres of land in behalf of 3.291 landle.ss Indians of Calif«>rnia. Since 1913 apiu'oxl- mately $26,000 have been expended in tlie jiurchase of land for the use and, occupanc.v of about 1.582 Indians of the same cla.ss, involvinjr a to al expendi- ture of about $170,470. for the acconnnodation of about 4.S73 Indian>^. The records of this office show that the i)er capita expenditure for land for these homeless Indians of ('alifornia since 1913 has been about $1.">. There remains a"^ least 2,G00 or 2 700 homeless Indians to be provided for, and ui)on a per capita basis of $1") each it would require about $4<).fM)0 to meet present re(piirenients. It is estimatt^d that tlie api>ropriation estimated for will no meet the reipiirements for land for more than lialf of the homeless Indiaiis, leaving the others to he provided for in future ai)propriations. Mr. Elston. Are these lapds purchased and then hehl iintler some kind of trust so that the Indians can not dispose of them? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. El.ston. In perpetuitj'? Mr. Meritt. For about 25 years. Mr. Elston. In trust in severalty? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. In what j^art of the State are these investments beiiiji made ? Mr. Meritt. In the northern part mostly. SHEILM AN INSTITUTE, RIVERSIDE. (AT. IK, I Mr. Elston. Next is an appropriation for the Sherman Institute. For support and education of 700 Indian pupils at the Sherman Institute Riverside, Calif., including pay of superintendent. $1."»2.6(X); for ireneral repair and improvements, iu'-luding (Miuiianent tor acadi'uiic. industrial, and otlu" departments, .$2.5 OtK) ; in all. $177,(KM>. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the followin Dry goods, clotlting, etc Forage . Fuel, lubricants, power and light service .Meilic'il sii|i|il|cs, clc SI 1::. I'lOO.O i:js, 000. i:5s. r>aiv.'i and iniprovonents. F seal year ending June 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated $15,000.00 FiScal year ended .June 30, 1920: Au'.ount approprated 15, OOO. Oil Amount expended ^ 1,5, 000. 00 ANAI.Y.SIS Of EXPENDITURES. Repair of buildings $14. 706. 06 Outstand'n.s: liabilities 293. 9 1 15. 000. 00 ^statistical staitemeiit for iirar aidinp -June 30. 1920. Value of .school plant (real property) .$321,456 Number of buildings . 62 Number of employees 66 Total .salaries $49, 780 Average attendance of pupils 640 Averase enrollment • 750 Capacity 700 Cost i>er capita, based on enrollment $160 Cost per capita, based on average attendance $188 Area of school land (acres) : 150 Area of J^chool land (acres cultivated) 110 Value of agricultural products $32, 153 Value of other school products $16,933 Indian money, proceeds of labor (school earnings). (>xpended $1,680 Superintendent's estimate of absolute needs for 1922 : Support $160,100 Repairs and improvements 15,000 Equipment for laundi-y, kitchen, bakery, and other industrial de- partments 15. 000 Total 190. 100 Requested in proposed bill for 1922 : Support and education of 7.50 Indian pupils at the Indiau school and superintendent's salary $1.52.600 Repairs and improvements^ 25. (X)0 Total 1". 600 Salaries and positions, 1920. Superintendent $2, 600 Clerk 1, 200 Do 1,000 Do 900 Do 900 Physician (contract) 720 Disciplinarian 900 Assistant disciplinarian 840 Do 840 Principal $1, 500 Teacher 9iX) • Do 720 Do 720 Do 600 Do 660 Do 600 Do 660 Do OIWI 236 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, V,r22. Teacher . $000 (>(M) 720 720 (MX) . _ S(M) Farmer _ __ *!i.")0 Do ._ _ ._ . Carpenter ^ Teacher (school farm) _. Teacher __ _ _ . Do ^ u Tailor . m Domestic scieuce teacher. < hitin^ matron Shoe and harness maker ^ m IMacksmith '• Mason _ _ • ' Indusiiiiil teacher- 720 Matron _j 1_ (Jardener _ _ 1 ' Assistant matron 000 Knjiineer _ _ _ I, <> Do - -_ _ <;(H> Assistant enjrineer 'o Do Do (((Ml (>00 Hand and musical instructor __ ^ h> Outing agent ^ ki Assistant _ _ _ '"lO Do GOO Do Do ... (UK) Do :■. lo Do ■■. mi- Do : <> Do Lahorer _ _ ' Nnrsf* __ 840 Seamstress 720 Assistant seamstress GOO (Jirls* athletic director I-ouiiiiress 720 G()0 Do -I Do :.' Do :_• Do :::( Do 72C 40, Tm crmau Institute, Calif., will provide r P.aker Cook Cook (school farm) Cook Do _ noo 800 'GGO r.40 .'lOO The sum of !?iri2,G(M» for SlIplMMt of SI 7r)0 pupils in addition to the supci inteiidcnfs sahiry. The amount icrpiested for rcijaii's and improvements, .$2r),(KI0, will l)e nee <1 for the proper u|)kt>ei> of the school jilant. comi»rising G2 huildiugs. the lighi ; i- heating, sewer, and water systems, two pumping plants, and an ict* |»lant. It is planned to make some additional i»ro\is;on for employees' (pian i> from this fund and to increase sciuiewhat the size of the storehouse and po • :• house. ( hi account of the imreasi'd cost of supplies nest: do they not i Mr. Mkiutt. Yes, sir: we ha\e pupils from Arizona. New Mi-mco^ California, and Nevada in the Sherman School. » Mr. li^LSTON. As com|)ared with other reservation sections, \\ow' would you classify the Sherman Instituted Mr. Mkimtt. I would classify it as <)iu> of the licst schools we havi in the service. Mr. Kl.stox. How ahout the location^ .Mr. Mkimtp. Tt is an ideal location. \ Ou will note we art> as] buildinof additioiud sleepin.sTOX.» That would make a little over ten thousand? Mr. ]\Ieritt. Yes. sir. ^ IRRIGATIX'O ALLOTMEXTS. YUMA RE8ERVATTOX. ]\rr. Elstox. The next item is for maintenance allotments of the Yuma Indians. F(ir reoliiuiation and niainteiiance cluii\ae (in Ynnja allorinents, .$88,485, to be reinihursfd from the sale of surplus lands or from other funds that may be available, in accordance with the jnovislons of the act of March 3. 1911 (.36 Stat. L., p. 1063). Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: Irrigating aUoimcnts. Yiinia Reservation, Calif, (rrintltitrsable). Fiscal year ending .June 30, 1021 : Amount appropriated .$70, 36."). 07 Fiscal year ended .June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 131, ."t64. 94 Anipunt expended 131.-564.94 Analyst; of expenditiu'es : • t'onstructiou and operation 131. .564. 94 Tril'e, Yuma ; population, 9-59. Area of reservation . acres 33, 771 Irrigable under project do 8,480 Under constructed works do 8,325 Actually irrigated do 8.325 Cultivated by Indians . do 1,975 Cultivated by white owners do Cultivated by white lessees do 6,350 Number of Indians engaged 190 Xur.ber of whites engaged (owners) Numlier of whites engaged (lessees) 178 Corstruction costs for fiscal year .$120,332.04 Construction costs to June .30. 1920 $3.55. 097. 26 Operation and maintenance charges for tiscal year .$11,232.00 Operation and maintenance charges to .June .30, 1920 .$23,664.00 Cp'n-ation and maintenance charges are not collected from waterusers. Ef^timated additional cost to complete, $96,248.90. j Fslimated cost per acre when completed, $76 (average). ! Average value of irrigable land per acre, $200 to $700. Irrigated project started, 1904. Work done by Reclamation Service. Average annual precipitation, 3 inches. Source of water supply, Colorado River. Crops produced, cotton, alfalfa, grain, citrous fruits. Market for products, general, good.' Railroad through project. Water rights for lands of the Yuma Indians are being purchased from the Reclamation Service, these lands lying within the Yuma project. Payments are I beinu made annually in behalf of the construction charge against these lands on I a basis of 10 annual installments. The tenth and final installment has previ- ously been paid on 5,989 acres of allotted land lying north of the track of the Southern Pacific Railroad, which crosses the reservation, and the fourth in- stallment has been paid on 1,499 acres of allotted land south of the railroad 238 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. track. The oonstruction cliarire for the lands nortii of the railroad Irai-k has been fixed at $55 jh r acre and for the lamls .south of the railroad track at .$77 per acre. Previous aijpropriations in this belialf have been so wordetl a.s to conline i»ayiiienr (.f the reclamation chai-;re a^raiiist " Yunia allotments." In addiiion to tlic irri;:al)le land acinally allottt'. 1920. This is a miidmum jht-; acre charge based on the delivery of not ex<'eeet! acre re(piires $29.1M7.5(t to meet these charges for tli«> fiscal year. .\ <-onmuiid- cation from tlie Reclamation Servilies 4.4."t. ■ Dry goods, clotbing, etc 3,2."'J. ' Fuel, biltricants, pov.er and light service 1,!VJ Medical sui)piies, etc •• Live stock 3(K).i Kquipnient and miscellaneous material 1,7J Grinding wiieat !'• Seed 2«;i5. 1 Miscellaneous - 1 1"». 1 1 Outstanding liabilities .".s!K(( • •J 3(U).l| 732.1 1.17.11 23, 97.->. . KKPAIHS AND IMPKOVEMKNT.S, Fiscal year ending .Inne 30, 1921 : Aniouiil. appropriated ^1^5, (XX). Fiscal year ended .Fniie .30, 1920: Aniionil ai>proprialed .'?, .">(iil, |l Amount expended. 3. 4SS. (|| UnexpiMided l>alance ' 11.! .1 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 241 analysis of expenditures : Repair of buiUliii.iis .$3. 423. 8G Outstanding liabilities G"). (XJ 3, 488. 86 STATISTICAL STATEMENT FOU YKAK ENDING JUNE 30, 1920. '^alue of school plant real property.- $6o, 220 funiber of buildings 30 Juniber of employees 12 'otal salaries .$8, 440 Lverage attendance of pupils 70 Lverage enrollment . 78 Japacity _- 98 lost per capita based on enrollment $262 lost per capita l)ased on average attendance .$292 jea of school land acres.- 3,090 [irea of school land acres' cultivated-- 100 ''alue of agricultural products -'$9,372 alue of other school products • .$220 I'ftidian money, proceeds of labor (school earnings) expended ,$890 Superintendent's estimate of absolute needs for 1922 : upport $29,648 lepairs and improvements 18.000 Total 47, 648 I- 1 III Requested in proposed bill for 1922 : Support and education of 100 Indian pupils at the Indian school and superintendent's salary 25. 000 liepairs and improvements 8,000 -.' Total - 33. 000 Solaries and positions. 1920. -i uperintcndent $1, 500 ysician (contract) 720 flcher 660 Do 600 ,borer 600 tron 600 uistress 500 Laundress $300 Clerk 720 Cook : 500 General mechanic 840 Farmer 9(K) Total 8.440 t''i^he sum of $25,000 for support of Fort Bidwell School, Calif., includes sal- ■'^■'•Jpies of employees, subsistence and clothing, and the cost of support for academic id industrial" education of 100 pupils. The sum of $8,000 is considered necessary for general repairs inasmuch as e school plant consists of frame buildings, which require almost constant nprovements. We are asking for some increase there on account of the repairs lat are absolutely necessary, as I stated before, in connection with lese schools. Mr. Elston. How much of the $5,000 appropriated last year was sed for repairs? Mr. Meritt. $3,488.86. Mr. Elston. How many buildinojs are there at the Fort Bidwell chool ? Mr. Meritt. Thirty buildings. 26630—21 16 242 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Elstox. How many pupils? Mr. IMeritt. About 10(f. Mr. Elstox. The increase of $29,000 asked for over last yearV ap l)roi)riation is made necessary by the repair item of wliicli you speak Mr. Mekitt. And $1,000 increase in the support item, which brin^' tliat up to $225 per capita. Mr. De:vii'.sky. That is rejrarded as a Fiscal .rear ended .June 30, 1920: .\niount apiiropriated 24. 0, 27(5. > Ihygoods, clothing, etc 2, 17:* ^ Forage ."■"■I' I I'uil, luliricanis, jjower and light service <;ihi j .Mf Seed pMi » .Misi'ellaneous 177 1 Oiilsl.iiidiiii.' llalillitles !•■>•» I^ 24. 000. p Ofii seal year euded June 30, 1920: . Amount aripropriated 10, (XX). 00 Ij Amount exi)ended 0. 4G9. 38 "* ^ Unexpended balance ^ 530.052 IXDIAX APPROPKIATIOX BILL, li>22. 243 BEPAIRS AND IMPROVEMENTS. gcal your ending June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated Hir,. (M)it. (X) -rj lalysis of expenditures : Repair of buildings 9, 427. 90 Outstanding liabilities 41. 48 9, 469. 38 »A11;Y ( OWS AN'» .lMl'I.i:.\!KNlS. seal year ending June 30, 1921 : No appropriation, seal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated $1, 200. 00 JfAmount expended '. 942. 53 Unexpended balance ^alysis of expenditures : Traveling expen.ses ^ Live stock Equipment and miscellaneous material 257. 47 oo 53 600.00 320. 00 942. .53 STATISTICAL STATEMENT FOK YEAR ENDING .JINE .>0, 1920. \llue of .school plant (real pi'operty) .*?66, 965 limber of buildings ^37 tjimber of employees 15 )tal salarie.s ^ $10, 960 ^erage attendance of pupils 103 i^erage enrollment 109 Opacity 90 [|.st per capita based on enrollment $195 (ist per capita based on average attendance $206 "ea of school land (acres) 266 ^a of school land cultivated (acres) 75 lue of agricultural products $550 lue of other school products $1, 250 lian money, proceeds of labor (school earnings), expended $371 Superintendent's estimate of absolute needs for 1922 : port $26. 700 airs and improvements 5, (XK) |W buildings, school building 12,000 ry i)arn . 2, 500 linage and irrigation, including pumping plant 3,000 Total 49,200 requested in proposed bill for 1922: >l"port and educatitm of 100 Indian pupils at the Indian school and uperinteudent's salary i $25, 000 1 pairs and improvements 8,000 1 Total 33.000 This includes small buildings of .'SlOO or less in value, which were omitted in last y r's statement. 244 INDIAN APPROPKIATIOX BILL, 1!I22. Poaitions un4 xalaries, 1920. Seamstress Laundress Cook Kiifflneer Laborer Assistant Superintendent ?1. 7(X) Clerk L (^)0 IMiysician (contract) 720 Disci] ilinarian 720 Principal 1, OO) Teacher 60<» Matron OCM) Assistant matron 520 ' 1<>. 9 Nurse ^_ : 840 The sum of $2r),(HtO for suiiiiurt of fireenvillp Indian School, California, w provide for 100 jiupils in addition to superintiMulent's salary. The sum of $8,0(K) is retpured for general repairs ami improvements. T plant consists of frame liuildinL's, which necessitate the outlay of considiral reitiiirs to k'cp them in projier conditi<)n. Moreover, the construction of a sh l)arn to jtrotft the dairy herd in cold weather is considered necessary. :ind is lielieved can lie in'ovidcd from tlie amount .-iskcd for repairs and iiiiiiro' ments. Mr. Elston. 1 You say the (Treenville School is about the same siz school as the Fort Bidwell School and that your estimate of $83.0 is over the apjjropriation made last year. $29,()0(), which is caused the need for more money for repairs? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. HOAU CONSTRUCTION, HOOPA VAI.l.EY RESKRVATION. Mr. Elston. The next item is for the construction of a road : For continuing the construction of a road from Hoojta to Weitchpec. on i Hoopa Valley Reservation, in Humboldt County, Calif., in conforndty witli ph approved by the Secretary of the Interior, .$10,0(K). to be reinilmrsed out of o funds of tlie Indians of said reservation now or lu-reafter placed to tlieir iredit the Treasurv of tlie United States, in accordance with tlie Indian api>ii>priat act of May 25, 1918 (40th Stat, L., pp. 570. 571). Mr. MicRiTT. I offer for the record the followin-ith the scale of wages we are paying can not command the best labor by any means: and with the limited amount money at our disposal we do not feel jiistifietl in raising the wages this ar. "The road from AVeitchpec to Hoopa is a very important and necessary link this system of roads, and, being entirely within the limit of the reserva- ■ m, it would appear it is entirely proper that the road be financed from il e resources of the reservation. With the completion of this road, coincident ; th the others I have mentionetl. there will be a large amomit of travel ■ 'J rough the reservation, and the Indians will have easy access to the more 1 stant places, where they may find a market for their produce and other 3or. Instead of being entirely isolated, Hoopa Valley will be rather centrally !ated. No one thing can be done which will greater inure to the advantage the Indians of Hoopa Valley than the building of a good road. " Map ' B ' shows the Hoopa-Weitchpec Road alone, without reference to its tside connections. This road, which is under construction, has an entire Igth of S miles. It exttends along the east side of the Trinity River from eitchpec to the north end of Hoopa Valley. The entire course of the road is jng the side of steep mountains ; and at one place there is approximately '\ KX) feet of cliffs, which are mostly solid rock, towering above the road at one =: ice to a height of 184 feet. This must all be worked down to form a roadbed. lis section of the road building has been very expensive and slow, but the most >i Hcult work has already been done. In addition to this tliere is another -J 'etch of approximately 3,000 feet that is very rocky, which is also well under -^ ly. In fact, we believe that the road is almost half completed at this time, 1 :hough in distance more than half of the road has not been touched. This :=; rtion of the road, however, is comparatively easy work. " There are seven bridges to l»e built, an aggregate length of 400 feet. The , 1 ;al engineer of the United States Bureau of Public Roads informs us that " -.1 Bir cost on bridge building of this character is $1 per foot for each foot of ; dth. A 12-foot bridge, therefore, costing .S12 a linear foot. We figure, however, i at we can build our bridge somewhat cheaper than this, but believe the •; dges will cost us somewhere in the neighborhood of $4,000. ' Mr. P. L. Young, engineer in charge of the road, is employed by Humboldt unty under the provision of the law authorizing the construction of the road. made the original survey and estimates, and therefore can plan the con- uction to better advantage than anyone else. He has spent the last two weeks i getting data, and his estimates of the entire cost of finishing this road is fjout .S41,000. Of this amount we have $6,000 left from the current approprla- tm and will require $35,000 to complete the project." 246 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Uml(^r the circunistanres and in view of the amount that has already hee? spent on this road, it is deemed advisal)le to carry it to completion — even at tt additional cost of .$85.(KM». It is believed that the amount herein requeste (.Slo.CMMt) will be sulhcient for the current year. Mr. P^i.sToN. There would l)e a «rreat deterioration an(H», ar Imi)erial County (witliin which the reservation is located) has voted .^I.-'jImhx) In order that road development on the reservation may to some extent at Uji keep i)ace with the general projiress of the conuuunity along that line, it imiioitant that funds l)e i)ro\ided for this purpose. Ai)propriations of ."^KMHM) each were made in tlu- Indian acts for the i.-i years 1917. 191S. and 191It: Imt no appropriation was made for the fiscal yc: 1920. However, it is very necessary that worl; on this rojid be continued, i' fi fore it Is urgently recommended that $lU,tXH) be provided for this puriKtsc . yeai'. Mr. Dempsey. Do you let your contract at the same time they < in the county, so as to ^et the benefit of the road machinery on tl projects: and do you advertise at that time, or when do you do tl work ? Mr. MEitrrr. AA'e coojierate with the local authorities in the •' .struction of the roads and jret the luMiefit of their advice. Mr. El.stox. Now, this is the same reservation where they ha" so much land undei- ii-rioation and where we have made jrreat e penditures. all of which is reimbursable. Mr. Meiu'it. Yes, sir. Ml". Elkton. AA'ill there be any expenditures made on behalf < the reservation ? Mr. .Meiu'it. There will be no (piestion al)out those Indians reir l)ursino foi- this, because they have ample funds. Mr. Elstox. You say that this work has already commenceil, ;u the fiisl appr()|)iiatioii has already been made? Ml'. .MErmT. ^ es, sir. I'JV en'ail isaW :r:»J INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 247 Mr. Elston. What is the road building cost. Mr. Meritt. That should be reasonably modest because there are heavy grades. Mr. Elston. Are there any construction materials available ? Mr. Meritt. The material can be gotten very readily. Mr. Elston. What about stone ; is there any right at hand ? Mr. Meritt. Eeasonably close. Mr. Dempsey. You were given authority to begin this work un- er the original appropriation, were you not? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. The first appropriation was made in the ct of May 18, 1916 (36 Stat. L., 132). Mr- Elston. This territory is within the county organization? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. But the county authorities have no power o tax the property within an Indian reservation held under trust, ^herefore it is the duty of the Federal Government necessarily, inas- nuch as they have exclusive jurisdiction over this reservation, to )rovide road facilities on the reservation, and it would be very help- ul to the Indians. FLORIDA. Mr. Elston. We are getting now to the Florida Indians : Sec. 4. For relief of distress among the Seminole Indians in Florida and for turposes of their civilization and education, $8,000, including the construction jQd equipment of necessary buildings. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the folloAving justification: Siupport of Seminoles in Florida. II fiscal year ending June 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated $5,000. 00 'iscal year ended .lune 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 20,000.00 Amount expended , : 16, 005. 26 Unexpended balance 3,994. 74 •|i ifl nalysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 7, 169. 20 Traveling expenses 632. 64 Transportation of supolies 1,638.50 Stationery 82. 29 Subsistence supplies 51. 75 Dry goods, clothing, etc 25.00 Forage 47. 73 Fuel, lubricants, power, and light service 556. 45 IVIedical supplies, etc 114. 44 Live stock 185. 00 Equipment and miscellaneous material ^'^z^'^^ Construction of ))uildings 1,976.37 Miscellaneous 168. 53 Outstanding liabilities 1. 23o. 41 16, 005. 2G This item is $3,000 nioi-e than the appropriation for the fiscal year 1921. The ma.ior part of the appropriation will be utilized to meet general misce" aneous expenses of the jurisdiction. 248 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1022. These Indians havr no iriltal funds to rheir credit, hence the entire aniuuiii requested will he nwd^l fur adininisterinir their atTjiiis and t<» meet the -'is of nianajrenient. staple conunodities, ami ;ieneral expenses. Mr. Dkmpsey. What are you really (l()inain their confidence because of the belief of the Seminole Indian that they had been very unkindly treated by the (lovernment. The' are now beginninji: to realize that they need assistance and are be ginninff to appreciate what the Government is trying to do for them Mr. Ei.STON. How many Indians are served by this item ? Mr. Meritt. About 5()(), Mr. Elstox. And they live in scattered settlements and not ii one band? Mr. Meritt. They live in different settlements. Some of thos Indians are over on the east coast, around Fort Lauderdale and Wes Palm Beach, and other Indians are located southwest of Lake 01^ chobee. Mr. Elston. How much is the overhead there for adniinisterii this project? Mr. Meritt. There has been a considerable overhead. We ha^ had a superintendent in charge, or rather a special agent, antl the has been considerable expense in traveling from one band of Indiai to another. Mr. Elston, Is that being discontinued i Mr. Meritt. The overhead will be less in the future than it hi been in the i)ast. because of the diminished api)ropriati()n. You ncj tice that in 1920 we had an api>ropriati().()()(). In IOlH w had an appropriation of $5,000. We find that the Florida appropri|| tion is inadc(|uate to enable us to do hardly anything for those Ii (lians and nuiintain a superintendent and a clerk among tliem. Mr. Elstox. You think it would create any hardshij) to reduce thi| item to $r),0()0, the sum that was a))i)ropriate(l for the current year Mr. MERriT. It woidd create (juite a luirdshi]). Mr. Chairman. Thil $8,000 additional is needed. We want to buy some hogs auil sonil cattle for those Indians, and we can not do it with the limited appixf priation that we now have. Mr. Ei,s'n)X. You are not establishing schools for them? Mr. Meimtt. No, sir; we are trying to get some ot" the chiKlren il the local schools. We have had consideral)le diMiculty, however, ij persuading the Indians to attend the local schools. .Mr. Ki.sToN. Do you see any appre(iai)le result^ from the elToHJ on the part of the Govermnent down in that State since IJU'J. whef the.se api)ropriations began, over what conditions were before thoj time ? ll J uiU V!( INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 249 Mr. Meritt. There has been some improvement, bnt not as much as Ave would like. Mr. Elston. It appears that there has been over $100,000 spent down there to date. Of course, a lar^e part of that went to over- head and salaries and probably not so mucli to the Indians them- selves. Mr. Dejipsey. Four-fifths of it, I should say. 7 Mr. Meritt. That is true, that there has been quite an expensive overhead in connection Avith this work. Mr. Elstox. Have you an a^rency down there now — an a^^ency building, clerks, etc. ? Mr. JNIeritt. We have one supervisor in charge and one clerk and one laborer. We rented a cottage at Fort Myers, the nearest loca- tion to the Indians, and the supervisor travels from one band to j_^another. Mr. Dempsey. In a place like Florida could not you distribute that tfund through some agency like the Red Cross and abolish the over- . head? The overhead practically eats the fund up. Xow, that is the ''^ Bubstance of it. The Indian does not get very much of it, so far as ll can see, from an analysis of the expenditures. Now, could you not [jet either a church or a charitable institution to dispense that? It is a charity, and it should be distributed as a charity and avoid these expenses of distribution ; get some one Avho will distribute it Avithout my overhead, or which already has an oA^erhead now. Mr. Meritt. We cooperate Avith the local religious organizations m trying to do something for those Florida Indians, but they refuse Lo have anything to do Avith them to a large extent. The man that ^A'e finally got to take this position has liA'ed in Florida a number of /ears and knows these Indians, and he can communicate Avith them md have some influence OAcr them. It Avill require a considerable :ime for a neAv organization to Avin the confidence of those Indians. Mr. De^ipsey. Do tliey talk English ? Mr. Meritt. Very little, and Avhat Ave communicate Avith them to- iay has to be done through an interpreter. Mr. De:mpsey. Suppose one man came to them Avho had their ■onfidence and had $1 and another man came to them and offered hem $10. Who do you think Avould have their confidences the next ime? Mr. Meritt. Of course, the man Avho had the most money, Mr. Dempsey. And I think that is the proposition. IDAHO. SUPPORT OF INDIANS, FORT HALL RESERVATION. Mr. Elston. The next item is, under the heading of Idaho, for he support and civilization of Indians on the Fort Hall Reserva- lion, in Idaho, including pav of employees, for which vou estimate '^29.000. Mr. Meritt. I ofi'er for the folloAving justification : Support of Indians, Fort Hall Reservation, Idaho. Mscal year ending June 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated $29,000. 00 'iscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated .30,000.00 Amount expended 30, 000. 00 250 iXUlAX APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1022. Analy.sis of expenditures: Salaries. \vaj;es. etc ^14, 7;^."). m Traveling expen.ses 334. .")2 Subsistence supplies 9, 9.">1. ."i9 Forage 2, 170. 26 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 7G(). 43 Medical supplies, etc 12S. 22 Equipment and niiscellaueous material 1,83.">. 54 Miscellaneous G. 28 Outstanding li.ibilities 77. 22 30, IKX). iM' cent of the cost of the supplies, but the object of those I'lnployees is tc get those Indians in a condition where they will not neeil supplioe INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 251 make them self-siipportiiifr, roducing crops, and they are becoming citizens of the State. We have issued to some of them patents in fee. Some of them are no longer under our jurisdiction, and in 10 years from now we will have those Indians in a condition where they can become absolutely self-supporting and we will not have to worry with them any longer. I am in sympathy with the desires of the committee to cut down the appropriations wherever it is possible, but there is no doubt that this appropriation has been properly expended. Mr. Dempsey. The point I am trying to make is that I approve entirely of the class of appropriation which I enumerated there, but when you get to what is simply charity you should not let the overhead eat up the charity. That is the point I am making. Mr. Meritt. I understand. Only a small part of this approj^ria- tion is used in distributing Q-ratuities. I should say that one clerk out there drawing a salary of less than $1,000 does all of that class of work. IMPROA'EMENTS. FOKT HALL IKBIGATION SERVICE. Mr. Elstox. The next item is for the improvement, maintenance, and operation of the Fort Hall irrigation system. • For improvement, maintonnnrp. and operation of the Fort Hall irrisation system, .S^To.OOO : Provided, That all ap]>ropriations heretofore or liereafter made for irrigation worlc on the Fort I^rH Keservati^.n are hereby declared to be reim- bursable, on a per acre basis, a.crainst the lands benefited regardless of ownership, under such rules and regulations as the Secretary of the Interior may prescribe. , Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justifications : Improvements, nwintenance and operation. Fort Hall irrigation system, Idaho. {Reimbursable.) Fiscal year ending .Tune 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated $50, 000. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 50, 000. 00 Amount expended 50, 000. 00 II. 12 U 1 252 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 11)22. ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES. Salaries, wages, etc $35, U.S. ."(2 Traveling expenses 1. 0S)0. 40 Transportation of supplies r>(j(K ol Telegraph and telephone service ISI. S4 Stationery, printing, school-room supplies 124. 26 Forage ' 1. '^•9(j. .15 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 951). 42 Equipment and miscellaneous material 7, S21.r»5 Stream gaging expense 1,}S3(J. 12 Maintenance assessments 75S. :i8 Expense of water connnissioners 173. 04 Miscellaneous j 27S. 58 Outstanding liabilities 497. 23 50, t)00. 00 Tribe, liannocks and Shoshones; population — _ 1. 7t)5 Area of reservation acres — 447.490 Irrigable under project : do 52. (KH) Under constructed works do 35. (RM) Actually irrigated do 29, 14s Cultivated by Indians do 9, 9S5 Cultivated i)y white owners do 12, 142 ' Cultivated by white lessees do 7. -$25o Ii'rigation project started 19()n Work done by force account, Indian labor being principally used. Source of water supi»iy: Snake and Hlackfoot Rivers. Crops i)roduce(l : Alfalfa, potatoes, grain, sugar beets. Market for products : General ; good. Railroad through project. Riactiially every acre of land that can be supplied thnmgh cunstrutted worksl on tills reservation is being irrigated. The operation and maintenance cliargf are S(iniewhat heavy, owing to the physical condition of tliis system and lhe| rapid growth of moss in th(> niaiii canals and laterals, requiring fremplate«l, wifhl the apiiropriatioii reipiested. Iml distriliuting hiterais to supi>ly lands alreadji inider tlie pi'oject are m-ctssary in nKh'r to bring such lands under cullivalioii.1 There is a constantly increasing demand for the di'Iivery of wat»'r to new landal under this system which can be met only after the ntvessary dlstributing| laterals have been constructed. ' Opi-ratlon iuul inaiiitcnnncf. -This .system is in a vory unsatisfactory I'ondilloii. licin;: iiiadtMiiiato to jiropiM' Huppiy tlic acroMgi' n(i\v undor tlio projoit. 'I'hc tanals as oiifiinally const riittcii a TOO small to admit of brinKlii^ in larK<' aildltional areas unli'ss ilic farryliit; capaci of thf main canals is oiilar.i;cd. This would ncccssitat*' tin- rclmildlnK of all slructun sucli as lii'adKnlcs. drops, Inrnonis, hrid'^cs, etc. In l'.»17 a special board was di'sl__ nati'd for the pui-pose of in\<'stiKat in;; the (Mitire system and reporting on tlie lmpn>vr merits needed to put the system in tirsl-class eondition. 'l"he report of tills lioard show that in order to lrri;;ate extensive additional areas Miid to put the system In an etUrleii condition would necessitate practically reliuliiliiiK the entire plant, except tlio distrihutini laterals. Kased on prices of lahor and material at tli.it time, the estimated eosi of tlil work appro.\imated .'f;.''i.".(l,000 ; lienee the estimated cost to complete the Fort Hall syslen and the I'stlmated cost per acre when completed, as al)ove piven, are l)nsepird!ess of ownership, r;itli.-i- than on a basis of $6 per acre for the lands in white ownership. Mr. Elstox. Mr. Meritt, this project seems to have come to such a stage of progress that a very hirge number of acres are actually under irrigation, something like 29,000. Those hinds should product a very high revenue, and it seems to me that there is a sufficient body of land to bear the overhead or maintenance. Mr. Dempset. Mo.st of it has gone to these white people under this $6 provision. Mr. Elstox, I do not know. Can you conceive of any other method of rai.sing this maintenace except that the Government should appropriate for it each year and then collect the money back? Can't a system be devised by which the (rovernment will" not be charged with the appropriation of these sums each year, and, in a great many cases, for the benefit of white settlers rather than for the Indians ? Mr. Meritt. I believe that Congress should pass legislation which would make most of these constructed projects self-supporting, and it would not be necessary for us to come to Congress and ask for appropriations for them. In fact. I think that the Indian Commit- tee made a mistake last year when they did not allow us to use the money that we collected from the operation and maintenance on irrigation projects to apply on these irrigation projects. That would very naturally lessen our appropriations. The same conditions ap- ply to forestry. We endeavored to get that worded so that Ave could make our forestry work absolutely self-supporting, but the commit- tee directed that the money be deposited in the United States Treas- ury and that we come back to Congress and ask for these appro- priations. Mr. Dempsey. On the theory, Mr. ]Meritt, probably this is the only way in which they could keep any account of what was done. I ]NIr. ^SIeritt. That is the theory. Mr. Dempset. Yes. I ]Mr. Meritt. But. of course, we would be glad to make report to . Congress of our operations and of our incomes and expenses, and ' you could check us up on those operations the same as they do on the 1 present appropriations. I ]Mr. Dempsey. I guess that would be. would it not. ]Mr. Chairman, contrary to the whole theory on which they have always done that -: kind of work? I Mr. Elstox. Yes, sir; unless some new system is devised. I Mr. Meritt. As it is now. we are not permitted to make any show- I ing of the reduction of the expenses of running the Indian Service ■': by reason of reimbursements. The money goes into the Treasury and we have to come back to Congress and ask for these appropria- tions the same as we have done heretofore, but on some projects we will collect enough money so that it Avill not cost the Government anything at all. 1 Mr. Elstox. How much did vou collect last vear — or for the last ; year on which you liaA'e a record — in the way of maintenance as a i reimbursement to the GoA'ernment on that account ? 254 INIHAN APPROPRFATIOX BILL, 1922. Mr. Meritt. We have not collected very much money to date. Congress only recently enacted this new law. We will be able Id repoit the amount of money we have collected on each project at the end of the fiscal year. Mr. Dempsey. Mr. Meritt. comin«i back to the $6 questicm a min- ute, it was my understanding that when they adopted this project there was a provision in the enactment that white owners takingr the benefit of tiie project would be charged only a $0 i)er acre con- struction cost. You propose now, do you not, the enactment of an amendment to provide that as to all white settlers who come in from this time on the accounting of the costs shall be on the basis of what it actually is instead of on this very ina le()uate $C basis ^ Mr. Meritt. We propose to encleavor to make the people who got the $6 per acre land pay for what it actually cost the (iovernmcnt. AVe realize that there will be a controversy on that subject and that they probably will carry it into tlie courts, but we certainly can make it apph' to new lands that will lie placed under irrigation. SI'Pl'OKT OK BANNOCKS. Mr. Elston. The next itenr is for fulfillinir treaty stipulations with the l>annocks in Idaho, for pa\' of physician, teacher, carjienter, miller, engineer, farmer, and blacksmith, for which vou estimate $4,500. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification : Support of Bannorln, rmpIoperf<, Idaho. Fiscal year eiuling .Tune 30, 1921 : Aiiiount appropriated .S4. .".(Hi. th) Fiscal year ended .Tune 30. 1920: Amount approprijited ."). (HMI. (h» Amount expended 4. 9."i7. (»7 Unexpended balance 42. .:l ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITCRES. Salaries, wages, etc 4. OoT. .7 This amount is re((uired to carry out the i)rovisi(»ns of arti«-le 10 of the treaty of .Tuly 3. 186S (15 Stat. L.,*07:n. which i)rovi(les that " United Stnt-s herehy agrees to furnish annually to the Indians ihe pliys rian, teachers, i; r penter. miller. engine«'r. fai'iiier. iunl lilacUsmilli, as lu-rein <'ontcmplated. :' 1 thiit such appropriations shall he made from time to time on the estimates ;" the Secretary of the Interior as will he sullicient to employ .su«'h ijersons." During the liscal year lf)20 the amount was expended in the employment "f a physician, cariienter, hlacksmilli. eiigin»'er, farmer, and irregular employ ee> The amount retpiested is re<|iiired during the fiscal year 1922 in carrying out the provisions of the aforesaid treaty. Mr. Elstox. Are these ol)ligations in a li.xcd amount, or merely what Congress deems suflicient to meet the terms of the treaty { Mr. Mi:i!nT. It is within the power of Congress to appropiiate the amounts necessary to comply with thi' terms of the treaty, and comes witiiin tlie dis(;retion ot" Congress. Mr. Elston. Of course, the specific items in the treaty provide I'M iti'Uis that ha\e to be put into effect at all times, ^^'hat real tise is made of tlie appropriation; is it used for the actual employment of a nh M INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 11)22. 255 lat, physician, teacher, carpenter, miller, entrineer, farmer, and a black- !eti smith, as stated in the treaty? Mr. Meeitt. They are, Mr. Chairman. The Book of Estimates will show that we employ a physician, teacher, carpenter, miller, ent^ineer, farmer, and a blacksmith. Mr. Elston. There are a ^ood many treaties of this kind which the Government is appropriating for now are there not ^ Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elstox. Have you come to any policy whereby you fix the time that 3^ou feel the treaty obli;2:ation has iDeen fulfilled? Mr. Meriti\ As long as the Indians need this service, we feel that .Congress should make provisions in accordance with the terms of the treaty. Mr. Elston. You do not feel that this money is provided in this act to satisfy them, and keep them in a good humor, that it is actu- ally needed ? Mr. Meritt. It is actually needed at this time. COEUR d'aLENES IN IDAHO. INIr. Elston. Now, about the next item, for the Coeur d'Alenes in Idaho. For the Ctieur d'Alenes, in Idaho : For pay of blacksmith, earpentei-. ;iiid physician, ;ind purchase of medicines (art. 11, agreement ratified Mar. 3, 1891). $3,000. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification : iS'.'/p/>oit of Cocur d'Alenes, Idaho. I'lscal year ending June 30. 1921 : Amount appropriated .$3, 000. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 3, 000. 00 ^j Amount expended 2,192.14 Unexpended balance 807. 86 Analysis of expenditures: Salarips, wages, etc Medical supplies. etc_- Outstanding liabilities. o 072. 77 79. 08 40. 29 2, 192. 14 The appropriation in question is required to enable the office to comply with the provisions of article 11 of the agreement with these Indians, ratified by tbe act of March 31, 1S91 (26 Stats. 989-1029), which reads: " It is further agreed that in addition to the amount heretofore provided for rhe benefit of certain Coeur D'Alene Indians, the United States, at its own ex- pense, will furnish and employ for the benefit of certain Indians on said reserva- tion a competent physician, medicines, a blaclvsmith and carpenter." This item is in the same amount as allowed in previous years and as the analysis of expenditures shows was used during the fiscal year 1920 for the pay of necessary employees and the purchase of medical supplies. Mr. Dempsey. As a matter of fact, both of those treaties are simply a matter of contract obligation. 256 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, li>22. Mr. Elston. Except to the amount. Mr. T)i:;mp.sky. But then you can not ^et tliem for less than tluit, 1 undei>t:ind. Mr. El.ston. The next item is for compensatin«r James McAlli>^t« r a Bannock Indian, residin": at Boise, Idaho, for water rights lost l'\ him incident to the acquiring: ])y the War Department of a water sup- ply for the Fort Boise Barracks, $1,000. For compensatinjr Jaiiie.s J. McAllister, a Bannock Indian residing at IJi' -. Idaho, for water rijrlits lost by him incident to the a<-quirinj: by the War i I)artnient of a water supply for the Fort Boise Barracks, .'?l,tKX>: I'roriilcrl. 'V ; prior to the payment of the sum herein provided, the said James J. McAlli- will execute a n>lease in full of all claims against the Government by reason of the loss of said water rights. That item should be considered by the Indian Affairs Committee. You mi acres of land which he had under <-ultivation in an orchard and a garden. Mr. Sonna. under some form of agreemeiu. suiiplied the Fort Boise Barra. ks with water fur domestic use, but presumably due to iireguiar and tnis.itis ac- tory delivery of such water as and when needed, the War Department, in May, 1905, for the sum of .$40,(MM». acquires1,(KM» in s-jif isfaction of lii> claim. A copy of the rejiort referred to is appemled. logeilier with a copy of the deed from l'«'ter Soinia to tlu' I'nited States. The latest information from Mr. McAlli.ster indicates that he is now a corporal in the miscellaneous departni m in the (^)iiarlermas|cr Corps, at Camp K»'arn.\, Calif. Fkuiuakv 2_'. 19l;t The CoMMissio.xEit ok I.NIU.V.N .\HAIHS. W'a.sliiiuiloii, It. ('. Silt: IMirsuanl to your instrnctiiais dated .lainniry Id. IPl'.i. I luive inve-ii gated the claims of .1. J. .Mc.Vllister. an Indian, ot Boise. Idaho, as to his aJIeud water rights, and now siilanii the following report : It weems advi.sable to say, by way of introduction, that the conception lli' Mr. McAllister is a more or less feeble old man. probably suffering th«> nieni.il decliiu' of old age and bordering on destitution, which one obtains from reailinj his connniinications on file in the Imlian nilicc. is tar from cornn-t. He sa.\- fliat he is (12 years old. lie looks to be about I"), has black hair, is vii:ori)n>i, ami *i INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILT., 1922. 257 ;i ililert, and says that there is only one " bt'tter ni:in " than he in the State of ijjlilaho. He was carrying, among numerous other papers in his pocket, postal jjavings bank certificates aggregating $900, and claims to own 100 acre« of hind tll.ordering on Five Mile Creek, for which he says he has a standing offer of O! 2,200. "I Arriving at Boise on the morning of January 23, in company with Engineer I p. H. Southworth who had been detailed by the chief engineer to accompany / Lie. we proceeded to call upon the United States attorney, with whom the nmt- • jer had been taken up previously both by this department and by Mr. McAllister. : jVe found Mr. McAllister in conference with the United States attorney, Mr. .[. L. McClear, and thereupon the cas'e was discussed somewhat cursorily. In .he afternoon of that day Mr. McAllister, Mr. Louis Bayer, caretaker of Fort iloise barracks, Mr. Southworth, and myself drove to Mr. McAllister's place, lome 6 miles from Boise, and proceeded thence on foot for several hours over teep mountain sides, thoroughly covering the land claimed to have been irri- ated by Mr. McAllister, and the sources of his alleged water supply. On uccecding days Mr. McAllister and those persons whom he designated as his •itnesses were examined and their testimony taken in writing. With two receptions, these witnesses are old and uneducated. Much time and pains- iking effort were required in eliciting from them such facts as are to be found 1 their affidavits. The sworn statements of Mr. McAllister himself and of V. J. DriscoU, John F. Coonan, Louis Bayer, George L. Ricketts, and Isaac inegar are attached hereto. The facts found to be of record in this case are: 1. That Peter Sonna filed on 5,000 inches of the waters of Five Mile Creek 1 May 1. 1894. A copy of the record of this filing will be found attached i-reto. marked " Exhibit A." 2. That J. J. McAllister (recorded J. M. Callister) filed on 2 c. f. s. of the aters of Five Mile Creek on August 9. 1902. A copy of the record of this ling will be found attached hereto, marked " Exhibit B." 3. That Peter Sonna, by deed dated May 24, 1905, sold to the War Depart- lent for use at Fort Boise Barracks " all the water and water rights apper- lining to the water system * * * particularly described as follows, to it : That certain water right to 5,000 inches of the water of Five Mile Creek id the springs tributary thereto, measured under a 4-inch pressure, located [ay 1, 1S94, and duly recorded on May 8, 1894, in book 2 of water rights, at ige 324, of the records of Ada County, State of Idaho, and which said >cord is made a part hereof, and to which reference is hereby made for a ore particular description of said water right." The quoted matter shows ily that part of the aforesaid deed which refers to the waters of Five Mile reek. A complete copy of this deed will be found attached hereto, marked Exhibit C." Mr. McAllister claims to have known nothing of this sale until I 1910, when the War Department undertook the reconstruction of the pipe ne hereinafter more specifically mentioned. The facts developed by this investigation show : il. That at or about the time of h's filing on the waters of Five-Mile Creek. Jeter Sonna began or attempted to begin making beneficial use of the waters this creek by diverting it or attempting to divert it through a 6-inch zinc or I'.vanized sheet-iron pipe line to a reservoir, approximately 6 miles di-^tant, •cm which reservoir IMr. Sonna, under some form of agreement with the War apartment, supplied Fort Boise Barracks water for domestic, stock, and some igbt irrigation purposes. This reservoir received water from three or four her sources, which are described in the aforesaid deed as " 500 inches of the aters of Hulls Gulch," " 50,000 inches of the waters of Curlew Creek and ' the springs on the banks of and in the ^'icinity of said creek," 5.000 inches of le waters of Curlew Gulch and the springs developed therein, and " that cer- .in water right to the extent of 1 cubic foot of water per second of the waters )wing down Hulls Gulch and of the waters of the springs on the banks of and the vicinity of the creek flowing down said gulch." 2. That although Mr. Sonna's filing covered vasUy more than the normal Uv of water in Five-Mile Creek, yet, at the time of Mr. McAllister's filing in |)02. and uninterruptedly thereafter until the year 1910, sufficient water flowed i 26630—21 17 258 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. past Mr. Sdiiiia's p(»iiit of diversion to iiiorp tliaii iiun-t Mr. McAllister's reim're ments on approximately 5 acres of land which he had planted in fruit trees am garden. H. That in lf>10 the War I >ei)artnient recon.structed the aforesaid pipe line usinj.', in jilace of the aforesaid •>-inch pipe, 2^-inch standard ira vanized-iroi pipe, whereupon the creek at Mr. McAllister's headinjr ceast^l to i-arry suffi clent watei- durinfr July and Aufiust of each year to adnut of irri>:ation ttn tht McAllister lanre.ssure in tb pipe line. n)ade it necessary to disconnect the lower jrroui» of four springs. Thii water flowing from rlies*' four sprin^rs probably would have been sufhcient to, Mr. McAllister's needs, but he says that he tlid not use it because he did no, know that it woii'd be available: he says further that he is not disjHKsed t niak;' any iilans for the use of this water, since lie has no a.ssurance as to \Yb», it may a^ain be diverte."» he took np and relaid this pip^ so as to connec-t the lower prouji of four springs hereinbefore referred to; thft when this pipe was taken up it was f\ill of holes along its bottom surface !i to rust ami action of .sand and gnivel : tliat when relaid the holes were ]> upward, but that because of back pressure, due to improjier grading, tli pipe line still would not carry any water, and that, therefore, no water u:i delivered at the barracks from Five Mile Creek until the coustniction <■ efficient 2i-inch pipe line in 1910. It is Mr. McAllister's contenticm thai \v cause of 5lr. Soiuia's alleged failure to make beneticial use of these watei his filing of 1894 availed him nothing and that, therefore, in 10<>.") he sold i the Government a water right which belonged not to him but to McAUistf Up to the time of this investigation Mr. McAllister l»as claime acres of land, and that not h»ss than this quanti of water continued to Ibiw uninlerrupie line prevented the inflow of the water from the four lower si>rings. .*sin< ■ determines the right to irrigation water, it seems very probable that Mr. > never ac(|uire(l a right to this portion of tlu> water of this gulch or that, b once acquired it, he svfl).s«>(pUMitly lost it tlirough nonuse. The statutes of 1 with respect to water rights, provide in part as follows: •' Skc. ;H2(;4. All rights to tlie u.se (d' water acquiriMl under this chapter olbei'wise shall be losi .ind abandoned by a failure lor the t»Miu id" tivi* yen- apply it to the beiielicial use for which it was appioprlateil. and when any ' to the use of water shall be lost through nonuse or abandoinnent, smh < n to such water shall revert to the Statt- and ln> again subject to appropri.ii umler this chapter: I'yovUUd, That any in-rsiai owidng any lami to \\ h i L INDIAN APPROPIIIATION BILL, 1922. 259 water has been made appurtenant either by a decree of the court or luidci- the provisions of this cliapter, may voluntarily abandon the use of such water in whole or in part on the land which is receivinji the benefit of the same and transfer the same to other land. Such person desirin;,' to change tlie place of use of such water shall tirst make application to the State engineer, * * * and upon receipt of such application, the State engineer shall examine the same and shall, provided no one shall be injured by the transfer, issue to such applicant, under the seal of his office, a certificate authorizing such transfer * * * : Provided further, That any person or persons who are owners by decrees of court or by appropriation of a water right and who have, with reason- able diligence, annually increased the beneficial use of the water covered by such water right, or who do hereafter, with reasonable diligence, annually in- crease the beneficial use of the water held under such water right, shall not be subject to the penalties of abandonment and loss by nonuse of such water .right, as provided in this section." The deed from Mr. Sonna to the Government in 1905 conveyed the " water and \Nater rights appertaining to the water system," and is dated 2 years 9 months and 15 days after the date of Mr. McAllister's filing and conimencement of I [beneficial use. f I Having in mind the provision of the statute just quoted, the wording of the deed, and the time between Mr. McAllister's filing and the date of th s deed, It will be apparent either, first, that the water being used by Mr. McAllister was not appurtenant to the system sold by Mr. Sonna and was not, therefore, intended to be conveyed by Mr. Sonna, or, second, if claimed by Mr. Sonna aiul intended to be included in his conveyance, that Mr. McAllister" had ot acquired I a right to it by adverse possession. On these premises it appears conclusively that Mr. McAllister has no enforceable legal claim against Mr. Sonna or his estate. As hereinbefore said, Mr. McAllister used this water uninterruptedly from 1902 to 1910. inclusive, so that under the laws of Idaho he would, in this time, have acquired a good right to it if we should concede that adverse claims could run against the Government; however, it is not necessary to consider the legality of such an adverse claim since, although finding his water gone during jthe dry season of 1911 and the succeeding years, so that he was unable to make ! beneficial use of it, as provided by the statutes, he took no steps to recover bis water or assert his right, so that from a legal standpoint the Government, at the expiration of the five succeeding years, obtained a valid legal right to the water regardless of what it may have acquired under the Sonna deed. This conclusion eliminates the possibility of the prosecution by Mr. McAllister of a , legal claim against the Government. If the water of Five Mile Creek was represented by Mr. Sonna as appur- -" Itenant to the system sold by him to the War Department, but, in fact, was not so appurtenant, and the Government did not, in fact, acquire a title to it by the transaction, there might be grounds for a claim against Mr. Sonna's estate by the War Department; such a contingency, however, is beyond the scope of this report. There remains to be considered the equity of the case. As hereinbefore said, it appears that Mr. McAllister did use water flowing in Five Mile Gulch, during the years 1902 to 1910, inclusive, or for a period of eight years, for the irriga- tion of approximately 5 acres of land. It is to be presumed that he used this water in good faith ; therefore in these eight years he would have acquired a good water right under rhe provisions of section 3264 of the Idaho laws, herein- before quoted, except for the intervention of the deed to the Government at a date 2 years 9 months and 15 days after his filing, conceding that an adverse claim can not be maintained against the Government. In failing to assert a right to this water within a reasonable time after the date within which it was believed to have been acquired, whereupon an adjustment in accordance with jthe facts could have been made, the Government suffered Mr. McAllister to 'proceed upon the assumption that the title which he asserted by his filing of August 9, 1902, was undisputed and that this title had become incontestable after his use of the water for five years, such use involving abandonment by other possible claimants for the period provided by law. } It may be said that Mr. McAllister was equally negligent in not promptly complaining after he found his water gone, but it is generally recognized that 260 IXDIAX APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. the Indians should not be chargers t)f those certain water right to the waters supplying the water system of the parties of the first part and o that certain reservoir situated on the Boise Barracks Military Reservation. • "i structed by Peter Sonna under authority of the honorable Secretary of War .> date July 12, 1894, together with the pipes and pipe line from the gate in tli main distributing pipe line, at or near the point where Fifth Street, in r.<>i>^ City, Idaho, intersects the westerly line of the Boise Barracks Military Rest ■ a : tion to the said re.servoir and from tlience to the several sources of water sui plying said reservoir and water system, together with rights of way. well shafts, tumiels, dams, and other works used in developing, storing, anil coi iiig water to and through said pipe lines t<» and into said reservoir on said rc-r vation aforesaid and thence to the point where the gate in the main distributir pipe is located at or near said point where Fifth Street, in Boise City, intersic the weslei'ly line of the Boise Barracks ^lilitary Reservation, the same const tuting, in part, the water system of the parties of the first part: And where: the said parties of the Hrst part have heretofore ofteretl the same for sale to tl party of the second part for the sum of $40,000. and whereas on May 15, 190 J the honorable Secretary of W'ar approved the procetMlings of the board of ofhce < convened by Six'cial Orders, No. (!!), jKiragraph .*?, War nepiirtment, March 2i 1905, which recoujuiended the purchase of the water system owned by said Petij Sonna as a ix*rmanent source of water supi)ly for Boise Barracks, and a thorized an allotment of $40,000 from the apiu-opriation "Army transportatio fiscal year 1905," in order that the purchase may be lU'oceeded with. subjtM't to good and sudicient title theret<» being made by the parties of the tirst part here to the party of the second i)art, and which said title shall be i)asse(l upon ai approved by the Attorney General of tlie I'nited States of America before jta nient therefor. Now, therefore, this indenture witnesseth that the jiarties of the tlrsi pa, lor and in cousideiiilion of the sum of $10,(MM», lawful money of the Unit Slates of .\nierjca, to llicni in band paipring on the banks of and in the vicinity of the creek flowing down said gulch, located July 12, 1895, and duly recorded on July 12, 1895, in book 2 of water rights, at page 402, of the records of Ada County, State of Idaho, and which said record is made a part hereof, and to which reference is hereby made for 1 more particular description of said water rights. Together with all and singular the rights of way, wells, shafts, dams, tun- aels, and all other works used in developing and storing said waters, and the pipes, and the pipe lines now owned and used by the parties of the first part in conveying the said hereinbefore described waters from the points of location >f said water rights to and through the certain reservoir hereinafter described and conveyed, and running thence to the gate in the main distriltuting pipe It or near the point where Fifth Street in Boise City intersects the westerly line of the Boise Barracks Military Reservation, being of the aggregate length ^f 22.92 miles, more or less, and the reservoir connected therewith and sitn- ited upon the Boise Barracks Military Reservation, constructed by Peter Sonna, under authority ganted by the honorable Secretary of War, dated July 12, 1894; and also all rights of way ow^ned, used, occupied, and enjoyed by the parties of the first part in connection with said and all of said means )f developing, storing, and conveying water to and through said pipes and pipe ines, and to and into said reservoir, all as above described. And the said parties of the first part for and in consideration of the said sum of $40,000 to them in hand paid by the said party of the second part as iforesaid, have further granted, bargained, sold, conveyed, and confirme slial and will warrant and by these presents f(^rever defend. In witness whereof, the said parties of the first part have hereunto sci iheii hands and seals the day and year first above written. Signed, sealed, and delivered in the presence of — Petkr Sonn \. Mary Sonna. Chas. S. Kinosky. EOWARU J. PnKi.rs. State of Idaho. (Utimt]i of A fid, H.s: t)n this 24th day of May in the year irHlo, befeare(l Peter Sonna :\nt Mar.v Sonna, known to me to be the jiersons whose naiia^s are subscribinl to 111' foregoing instrument and acknowledged to n\o that they executed tlu' same and on this 24th day of May, lOOo, before nie, the ofllcer above described, per sonally ai)peared IM.ary Somia, known to me to be the ihm-sou whose name i snbscribed to the foregoing instriuiient. descriluHl as married woman, and n •• an examination without Ihe lieariiig of her husband, I maih' her ac<|n:ii' ■ with the <'ontents of the instrument, and thereupon she ackiiowledgtvl to me ilui she executed the S!in\e, and that she does not wish to restrict such extvufion. In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and afllxed my olllclal sea Ihe day and the year in this certificate above written. Edward J. Phei.ps, Notary Public My commission expires December 14, 1908. I ilia INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILX., 1922. 263 MoxDAY, Deckmbkr 20, 1020. IOWA. DRAINAGE, SAC AND FOX LANDS. Mr. Elstox. We come next to Iowa. The fii-st item is a reim- ts mrsable item and there appears to be a new authorization. We will lear your justification and then determine later whether this is vithin the jurisdiction of this subcommittee or of the Committee on jidian Affairs. Sec. 5a. For the construction, maintenance, and operation of a drainage system for fttids of the Sac and Fox Indians in Iowa, SIO.OOO: Provided, That any moneys ex- ,, lended for this purpose shall be reimbursed out of any funds in the Treasury of the \^ty Jnited States to the credit of the .said Sac and I'ox Indians: Prorided further, That e Secretly of the Interior is hereliy authorized to enter into agreements, or make ther suitable arrangements, with owners of adjacent lands benefited by the con- traction of such drainage system as will insure from such owners payment, on a per ere basis, of a proportionate part of the construction, operation, and maintenance of £dd drainage system. .. Mr. Meritt. I oiler for the record the following justification: DRAINAGE, SAC AND FOX LANDS, IOWA. Tribe, Sac and Fox. ^ Population, 345. Area of reservation, 3,480 acres. Area affected by proposed drainage, 600 acres. Estimated cost per acre when completed, S16. Average value of land per acre when drained, S150 to .?200. The Sac and Fox Reservation, Iowa, has not been allotted, the land still being held n communal ownership. Some 600 acres of bottom land along the Iowa River now abject to overflow is highly adapted to cultivation if properly drained. The acreage low actually cultivated by these Indians approximates 1,250, and by the expenditure .f a comparatively small sum in draining the 600 acres of ovei-flow lands it will add onsiderably to the area of cultivalile land available for these Indians. The lands are •ery fertile^ and if properly drained are worth from S150 to S200 per acre. Bringing his' additional area under cultivation ^vill substantially aid this small band of Indians n their advancement toward self-support. KANSAS. INDIAN SCHOOL, LAWRENCE, KANS. Mr. Elstox. The next is Kansas, and the first is a gratuity item, 'or which you estimate 8267,000. Sec. 6. For support and education of 750 Indian pupils at the Indian school, laskell Institute, Lawrence, Kans., and for pay of superintendents, .$152,600; for ■eneral repairs and improvements, $25,000; for new heating, power, ice, and electric )lant, $75,000; for equipment of the shops and farm, and purchase of stock for school arm, $15,000; in all, $267,600. I Mr. ^Ieritt. I offer for the record the following justification: Indian School, Lawrence, Kans. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated $152, 600. 00 fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated l^-- ^*5^- ^9 Amount expended 150, 348. 95 Unexpended balance 251. 05 264 INDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1&22. ANALYSIS Of EXrENDITURES. Salaries, wagoa, etc $54. 503.41 Traveling expenses 34. #4 Telegraph and telephone sen-ice 25-1. 14 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 2, 54(t. 67 Subsistence supplies 42. 303. 35 Dry goods, clothing, etc 13.891.24 Forage 7. 592. 16 Fuel, lubricants, power and light 8er^ice 18, 596. ^ Medical supplies, etc 695. W Equipment and miscellaneous material 7, 257. 54 Insecticide 1 50. tf Seed 424 . OC Miscellaneous 302. 69 Outstanding liabilities 1. 793. 4C 150. 348. Je REPAIRS AND IMPROVEMENTS. Fiscal year ending June 30. 1921: ^ Amount a]>propriated 20, OOO.ll Fiscal year ended June 30. 1920: Amount appropriated 15. 000. Amount expended : 11. 957. A Unexpended balance 42. ." ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITrREP. Repair of buildings 11. 475. 7 Outstanding liabilities ^ 4S' 14.957. : WATER AN'O FIRE PROTECTION .SYSTEM. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921: \o appropriation. Fiscal year end.-d June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 2". imhi. ( Amount expended 19. 999. !' Unexpended balance . ( ANALYSIS OF EXPENDIIURES. Transporfition of supplies 4.1. i Construction of buildings 13, 522. ( Outstanding liabilities 6. 435. 19.9!t't.! Statistical statement /or year ending June SO, 1920. Value of school plant (real property ) . . "r Hi> lool plan buiUliug Number of buildings \ Number of ernplovees Ii Total .salaries ' $55, 8! I Average attendance of pupils 7:] Average enrollment 8:) (Capacity 7. ' Cost per capita ba.sed on enrollment $1' (^ost per capita l)a.se(l on average attendance $2" Area of scIkpo! laud (a< resi 9 Area of B<'h()()l laud (atTcs cultivated! 4 Value of agricultural products '^ ' '• Valu(' of other school products .^ Indian money, proceeds of labor (school earnings), expendoti . . - . ; IISTDIAI^ APPKOPKIATION BILL, 1922. 265 Superintendent's estimate of absolute needs for 1922. Support $171^ 750 Repairs and improvements 25 000 New buildings, heating and power, ice and electric plant To' 000 Equipment and stock 15^ 000 Water 3^ 000 Total 289, 750 Requested in proposed bill for 1922: Support and education of 750 Indian pupils at the Indian school and superintendent's salary ] 52, 600 Repairs and improvements 25, 000 Heating plant 75* 000 Equipment and purchase of stock 15, 000 Total 267, 600 Positions and salaries, 1920. Superintendent $2, 600 Assistant superintendent and principal 1, 800 lerk 1, 200 E*roperty clerk 1, 000 Financial clerk 900 Assistant clerk 720 Do 600 Do 600 Physician .1, 400 Disciplinarian 1, 200 Physical director and outing agent 1, 200 Principal, business department 1, 200 senior teacher 1, 000 Teacher 900 Do 900 Do 900 Do 840 Do 810 Do 750 Do 690 Do 690 Do 660 Do 660 Do 660 Do 600 uperintendent of industries 1. 300 er ; 1, 200 nter 1, 100 Engineer 1, 100 Assistant engineer 720 Do 720 Teacher, woodworking and mechanical drawing 1, 000 \Ianual-training teacher 1, 000 \Iason 1, 000 'arpenter 900 Tailor and band leader 900 iDairvman 860 Painter 800 jardener 840 Blacksmith 780 phoe and harness maker 660 Music teacher 750 'klatron 900 Assistant matron 660 Do 600 Do 600 Do 600 266 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Sewing teacher Seamstress Assistant seamstrens Nurse Domestic-science teacher (with suhgi9tenoe^ Do Do Dining-room matron Baker bOO Cook 6fl9< Hospital cook 481 liaundress 54^ Assistant laundress 3t| Laborer 7W ' Do 739 ! Do 720 Do 720 1 Do 600 I Do (iOO ' Assistant 300 55,880 The sum of $152,000 for support of Haskell Institute, Lawrence, Kans., will piOni vide for 750 pupils at •S200 per capita in addition to the superintendent "s salary. '• " "- is one of the large schools -with a four-year vocational course and a three-year busn course. The amount requested for repairs and improvements (.?2 5,000) will bo required for general repairs and improvements on the school i)lant, which consists of about 75 buildings. Because of high prices necessary improvements ha\e not been made for the last two or three years, but must be done next year in order to keep the school plant from deteriorating. The heating plant at this school is insufficient to take care of the demands upon it; Iso there should be electric and ice plants installed. Heretofore, all light and pov or have been secured from the town of Lawrence. This has been and is very expcu.'-; . . After these plants are installed it will be a great saving for the school and will give valuable training and instruction for the boys of the school. Owing to the increase in cost of supplies all the money earned by the school had to be used for i)urchase of supjjlies. This money heretofore had been used for purchase of equipment for the shops and stock for the farm. Equipm 'ut is greatly needed in the woodworking dei)artment and on the farm. , Nearly all the ma'hinery on the .«chool farm is old and ba lly worn and must be re- I placed with new as soon as possible. I'ifteen thousand dollars is requested for i)ur- chase of equipment and stock. This is one of our largest juul best Imliuii schools in the service The superintendent of this school, Mr. Peairs. who appearetl hefi r. the House Indian ('ommittee in the investiojation of the Indian Serviw last summer, is one of the stronc^est supcrintcMidents in the service, and has had very large experience in Indian educational alTaii's. You will observe we are asking for a new heating, power, ice, and electrical plant estimated to cost S75,0()0. This plant is absolutely necessary and it will prove an economy if the (n>vernm(Mit shoidd install it at this time. The heating and power plant at that school is entirely inadequate and we are very much in need of this improve- ment. Mr. Ki.sTON. You say you get power and ice from tiie city ol Lawience '. Mr. Mkkitt. Yes, sir. tt^ Mr. lOi.sTON. Wiiat do you pav a year for those items ^ Mr. Mkkitt. During the liscal year 1«)J(), %1\\ was expended f«>i ice, and $:i,:U)7 for power for Haskell institute. 1 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1022. 267 M- 1 Mr. Elston. You feel that this investment of .«175.()00 would save le annual overhead to an appreciable amount? Mr. Meritt. It will pay for itself in a very few years. We have id this carefully investigated by experts and it is very strongly commended as a good business proposition, as well as being a jcessity at this time. Mr. Elstox. Is the report of the experts in such shape and brief ' ^ough to insert in the record, or do you think you have given the nclusions rather fully in A^our justification ? Mr. Meritt. I have given the conclusions, but I can make extracts Dm the report, if you wish it, as it is rather long and somewhat chnical. Mr. Elston. This is a rather large item and it increases your timate by S60,000 over the estimate of last year, and knowing how ingress and this committee will feel about large items of this kind, ►verning new construction. I think it would be well to put in the cord every reinforcement you can. Mr. \Meritt. Superintendent of Construction Donner, in reporting I this project, says: I wish to recommend the construction of a new heating plant, the purchase of some iw equipment, including same for light plant, and the removal and rearrangement 11 suitable machinery from the present plant, the new plant to be a high-pressure m, with heating, lighting, hot-water system, and ice plant under one roof. The imated cost of this, commensurate with the needs of the school, is as follows: 3W power plant and smokestack, stone building $24, 000 le set water-tube boilers, 175 horsepower each, total 350 horsepower 7, 500 le 75 and one 50 kilowatt alternating current 2, 300- volt turbogenerators. . . 8, 000 ae 2-panel switchboard, complete 800 e plant and refrigeration room equipment 15, 000 epairs and pipe covering for pipe system '7, 000 ^tension heating system to hospital and employees' quarters. > 6, 000 3ed- water and recovery pumps 1, 700 ibor and repairs, resetting boilers in new plant 4, 000 1, 000 3' Total estimate 75, 000 In justification of the above I wish to say that the plant can not be modernized id efficiently managed in its present location. The fuel situation is becoming more rious each year; 90-cent oil and $2 coal is a matter of history. A modern plant, ch as should be. designed for Haskell, would be a great sa\'ing, even at last year's ices, and with the present price of fuel will pay for itself in less than five years; and in Idition the school ^dll have the comfort and benefit derived from a real plant. Ml'. Elstox. You have been operating on the present basis of staining powder and getting ice from Lawrence for many years ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Is this a peculiar case where an extraordinary advan- ige and saving can be made to the Government, or is it merely one - - j; many instances in the service where like installations could be made ■'iMi a saving to the Government, but where the Government has not !en fit to appropriate the money for betterments of this kind ? Mr. Meritt. We only have a few schools in the service situated i the Haskell School." The school is in the suburbs of the city of awxence and we have been depending on having power and ice fur- ished to the school by the city plants, but in a number of our larger jhools we have those plants alread}^ installed. I 268 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Elston. Do you not think, if this scliool is practically in the city, that it could he served much better hv facilities in the city rather than by the installation of a new plant for itself ? Mr. Meritt. The expert who made this investigation figured that great saving could be made if this were authorized. The heating plant, too, is out of repair and getting old. and we will be compelled to expend considerable money on the heating plant. \Vliile we wert ec[uipping the heating plant we thought we might also add these other facilities at the same time. Mr. Elstox. You had an appropriation last year of 820,000 for improvements to the heating and power plant, which assumes that there is a power plant there now? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; M'e have a power plant there, but the appro- priation allowed last year proved inadequate to improve even the power plant. Mr. Elston. Are you in the course of expending that appropriatior now? Mr. Meritt. We are expending a part of it, but waiting to find out what Congress will do on this estimate before spending the entire amount. Mr. Elstont. What is the power plant you have there now ? Wliat use do you make of it? Mr. Meritt. We are heating the buildings and furnishing the ne^ essary power to the different shops. Mr. Elsto.v. Is there a power line coming into Lawrence? > Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. ' Mr. Elston. That serves the ordinary industrial concerns u Lawrence ? Mr. Meritt. I think so. Mr. Hastings. "Does the estimate of your engineer divide thi.^ $75,000; that is, make a separate estimate of w^hat would be needed for the new heating plant and for the ice and electric plants? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. So that the committee, when it reads it over, car tell what is estimated for each separately? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. But you think it could be more economically built should you install a new heating plant, if it were all installed together Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. And that is the estimate of tlu* engineer? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; and it is very strongly urged l)y Superin tendent Peairs, who is a very conservative man and whose estimatoj can be relied on. Mr. Hastlxgs. You do not rcmembcM" oiriuind what we arc payinj for this service now f Mr. Meritt. We paid to the city of Lawrence last year S7 H foi ice and $3,307 for electric energy. Mr. Elston. Is this school one that, you inav expect to he a per manent school and where bettiu-inents of this knul wouhl be justilioc in view of its peiinanence? Mr. Meritt. 1 wouhl say that this will be a pennancnt sihot)| ft» at least \P) years. It is a sph^ndidly built plant. We have a largi number of Indians in that immediate vicinity, and if we did not havi a siiHici(M»t number of Indian children in that immediate vicinitA' i INDIAN APPROPRIATION BELL, 1922. 269 rould be cheaper to pa^'- the transportation of Indian children from "le Xavajo schools rather than attempt to duplicate that plant I the Xavajo countr^^ to supply those children. I think the school |an be utilized for Indian education for a number of years. Mr. Hastings. Certainly during the hfe of this newim.provement? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elstox. And during a long enough period to amortize the ivestment and justify the new expenditure on that run of j-ears? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastixgs. I think eyerybody agrees that this school is one of le best schools in the Indian vService. Mr. Meritt. We haye a plant there valued at nearly half a million 'ollars. , Mi-. Elstox. You ask S5,000 more for general repairs and improye- aents than you asked last year. Mr. Meritt. That is because we have been unable to keep this chool plant, as weU as other school plants, up to the required standard f improvement . ^Ir. Elstox. You ask $15,000 for equipment of the shops and farm nd for the purchase of stock. Is this a matter intended to supple- ment your present facilities or is it the starting of some new festure? Mr. Meritt. It is intended to supplement the present facilities. Ve have a good-sized faim at that school, consisting of 988 acres, 496 cres of which are in cultivation at tliis time. We want to eciuip that n.rm and make it more productive. The land is very valuable, and we iiink by properly equipping it we can get a larger return from the chool farm and at the same time use it as a means of educating the lovs along farming and industrial Hues. Mr. Elstox. Have you a detailed statement covering this S15,000 tem? Mr. Meritt. Equipment is needed in all the shops, especially the woodworking departments, and nearly all of the machinery on the chool farm is old and badly worn and must be replaced. ]Mr. Elstox. What do you mean by equipment of the shops and inn as distinguished from purchases of stock? Mr. Meritt. We teach the Indians at that school chfferent trades, nd it is for the purpose of equipping the school shops that we are sking for this appropriation. For instance, we teach the Inchans Jacksmithing, carpentry, printing, plumbing, tailoring, and other rades. We turn out graduates from that school who can go out into he commercial world and make a substantial living. MICHIGAN. IXDIAX SCHOOL, MOUNT PLEASANT, MICH. Mr. Elstox. We vnW now pass to the Michigan items. MICHIGAN. Sec. 7. For support and education of 350 Indian pupils at the Indian school, . [ount Pleasant. Michigan, and for pay of superintendent, $80,750; for general repairs I ad improvements, $12,000; in all, $92,750. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification of the ■-timates for the Mount Pleasant Indian School. 270 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Indian School, Mount Pleasant, Michigan. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated $80, 750. 0( Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: .\mount appropriated 80, 750. 0( .\raount expended 80, 750. (¥ ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES. 4:1 Salaries, wages, etc 23, 663, Traveling expenses 129, Transportation of supplies 2, 5' ~ Telegraph and telephone service 1 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies ".< Subsistence supplies 18, :;;_. i. Dry goods, clothing, etc 15, 812. ft Forage 1 , 094. 7! Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 10, 435. 9 Medical supplies, etc 820. 2! Live stock 358. S* Equipment and miscellaneous material 4, 183.,"^ Film rent. 180. J Medical service 170. 9 Burial expense 279. 8 Miscellaneous 553. S Outstanding liabilities 1, 672.0 Total M , 7 (1. =^ REPAIRS AND IMPROVEMENTS. ,W it Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated 10, 000. ( Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 10, 000. ( Amount expended 10, (K 0. ( ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES. Repair of buildings 9, W>. .' Outstanding liabilities UU,! Total 10,00^ STATISTICAL ST.\TEMENT FOR YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1920. Value of school property (real property) $21i ', '■> Number of buildings Number of employees Total salaries " *-'\ •■ Average attendance of pupils S ■ Average enrollment :■ Cajiacity Cost per capita based on enrollment (^ost per capita ba.^sed on average attendance Area of school land (acres) ' Area of school lajid (acres cultivated) I Value of agricultural iiroducts $1. , ( Value of otlier Hchool i)ro(lu(t8 $ . 1 Indian money, proceeds of labor (hcIiooI earnings) cxjiendod > Su])erintendcnt'8 estimate of absolute needs for 1922: j Siij)port $93, i: Kcj)air.s and improvements 10, ( ' New buildings, dormitory and superintendent's cottage. 1(i,. Ift Dry goods, clothing, etc 5, 25S. 71 Forage 1:56. 2C Fuel, lubricants, power, and light service 5, 26r>. W Medical supplies, etc 204. 2( Live .-^lork 246. 8( lviiiil)mciit and miscellaneous material 2. (iSS. 9k Fibii rent 56. 0i Hurial exj)en8e 100. 0( S(;ed 43. 4{ Miscellaneous 39. 01 ( )utHtanding liabilities 3, 36M. 8l 46, 536. 0" i S INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. REPAIRS AND IMPROVEMENTS. 273 'iscal year ending June 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated ' .$8. 000. 00 iscal year ended June -SO, 1920: Amount appropriated 8, 000. 00 Amount expended 5, 704. 84 Unexpended balance 2, 295. 16 Anahisis of expenditures. lepair of buildings 4, 601. 08 •utstanding liabilities 1, 103. 76 Statistical statement for year ending June 30, 1920. 5, 704. 84 alue of the school plant (real property) $205, 100 umber of buildings 29 umber of employees 22 otal salaries $15, 970 verage attendance of pupils 205 verage enrollment 222 212 ipacity )st per capita based on enrollment wt per capita based on average attendance rea of school land (acres) ; a of school land (acres cultivated) ue of agricultural products lue of other school products dian money, proceeds of labor (school earnings) expended [iperintendent's estimate of absolute needs for 1922: Support Repairs and improvements For drilling and equipping well $180 $195 685 185 $14, 522 $1, 685 $607 Total. squested in proposed bill for 1922: j Support and education of 200 Indian pupils at the Indian school, and ( superintendent's salary Repairs and improvements For drilling and equipping well Total 60, 650 $51, 200 8,000 6, 000 65, 200 [ 46, 650 8,000 6.000 Positions and salories. 1920. iSKerinteudent $1, 650 irk. stant clerk .ysician (contract) . iciplinarian ncipal ,cher Do Do .tron tant matron Do 1,000 600 600 720 900 720 660 600 600 540 480 Seamstress $540 Laundress 500 Baker 540 Cook 540 Nurse 840 Farmer 900 Carpenter. . . .' 780 Engineer 1. 000 Gardener 720 Assistant 540 Total 15,970 liis is the only nonreservation school in the State of Minnesota, and there are a ;e number of available children of school age. The $46,650 for support will provide 200 pupils in addition to the superintendent's salary. 26630—21 18 274 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. The plant, consisting of 29 buildings, is valued at $205,100. The $8,000 asked for repairs and improvements is the amount that ha^ been allowed each year and has been sufficient to make only the most necessary repairs. For many years the water supply at this school has not been sufficient, and con- ditions are becoming worf e, due to lowering of the water level since the State draintp^ system has been installed. The school is without fire protection. The $(i,000 r< quested for the purpose of drilling and equipping a deep well is the only solutinn i the water question. Mr. Elston. This school appears to be accommodating mow pupils than the apparent capacity of 200. Mr. Meritt. The school is crowded and is doing good work. Mr. Elston. The estimate for this year represents an increase c 86, 000 over your estimate for last year and that appears to be foi drilling and equipping a well. Have you anything to say about tha particular item i Mr. Meritt. The water supply at that school has been short fo. some time and it is getting to the danger point. We need this addi tional appro])riation in order to supply the water necessary for th school as well as protecting the plant in the event of lire. Mr. Elston. Has your bureau made a survey of that situatioi and concluded that this is a necessary addition to the school facilities Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; it is absolutely necessary. Mr. Elston. What is the nature of the report you have from superintendent Avhich indicates an emergency requiring this ap priation ? Mr. Meritt. The superintendent has reported an emergency has made a very urgent appeal that this item be included in estimates. Mr. Elston. Is this what you miglit call a permanent school? Mr. Meritt. This school can be abandoned within the next years and probably sooner on account of the fact that there are number of schools in South Dakota not far distant from the PipestoD School. You will observe on the map that Pipestone is located the western part of Minnesota adjoining the State of South Dako and we have a nonreservation school at Flandreau, a nonreservalio school at Pierre, S. Dak., and also a nonreservation school at Kapi City, S. Dak., and the time is approaching when the Flandreau Scluv and the Pipestone School could ))e consolidated, but 1 do not thin this is the proper time to make that consolidation. That is one • the things that should be done in the future, probably within feriod of five years, because of the fact that a large number of tl ndian children in that country can ultimately be provitled \vit school facilities in the public schools of the States. SLTPORT OF CIIIPPEWAS OF THE .MlSSlSSlTl'l L\ M LNNESOT.V. Mr. Elston. The next item is your estimate of .?4,000 for tjj supjK)rt of sdiool or schools for the Chippewas. I'or support of a school or schools for the ('hij)i)owas of the Mississipni iii .\liim (art. .1, Ircaly of Mar. 1!», 1«()7), $1,000: l'rovi(lal, Tliat no |.art of the sum here aj)pr{)|)riat('(l shall In- used except for Hch(H)l or schtKils of the Mirtsissii)pi ('hipp«f| now in (h*- Slalc of .Minnesota. I INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 275 Mr. Meritt, This is a treaty item and I offer for the record the jUowing justification: SUPPORT OF CHIPPEWAS OF THE MISSISSIPPI IN MINNESOTA. iscal year ending June 30, 1921: ' Amount appropriated $4, 000. 00 |iscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated : 4, 000. 00 Amount expended 3, 652. 56 Unexpended balance 347. 44 Analysis of expenditures . laries, wages, etc $3, 652. 56 The $4,000 requested is in compliance with the terms of article 3 of the treaty, dated larch 19, 1867, with the Chippewas, providing for this amount annually, for edu- ,tional purposes. It has been used in the past in payment of salaries of certain nployees at one of the Chippewa boarding schools, and will be required for the same irpose during 1922. Mr. Elston. Are the Mississippi Chippewas in Minnesota so seg- jgated and identified that this item of $4,000 is clearly applicable ) their needs rather than to the general needs of the Chippewas ? Mr. Meritt. We use this for the general education of the Chippewa idians, and it would be difficidt to segregate it for the exclusive use ' the Mississippi Chippewas. Mr. Elston. The treaty, I suppose, contemplated that it should B applied to the Mississippi Chippewas exclusively? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Do you think the time has come when this treaty l)ligation might be regarded as fulfilled, inasmuch as there are no jasonable means to identify the group for whose benefit it was made ? Mr. Meritt. Inasmuch as a large number of the Chippewa Indians ould be without school facilities if the Government did not provide lose facilities, the further fact that the Mississippi Chippewas get le benefit of those school facilities, and as this is only a small part " the funds used for that purpose, it would seem proper that Con- •ess should continue to make this appropriation. Mr. Elston. Mr. Meritt, I wiU ask you to make an examination of lis particular treaty and make a report at this point in the record > to whether or not the time has come when the books may be osed on this treaty; and also indicate, if you can, in a general wa}^, hat the policy of the bureau is with regard to treaty items of this nd, where the tribes for which the treaties were made have been spersed. Mr. Meritt. This treaty provides that $4,000 a year may be ap- •opriated for support of a school or schools so long as the President ay deem it necessary. School facilities are still needed in the lippewa country. Where treaty provisions provide for educa- r>nal facilities for certain Indians, the funds appropriat'ed are used r such educational purposes for the benefit of the tribe, a party to le treaty. Only where public-school facilities are available should eaty items of this kind be discontinued. 276 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. FOR WHITE EARTH BAND CELEBRATION. Mr. Elston. We will pass now to the next item. The Secretary of the Interior is hereby authorized to advance to the executi\. committee of the White Earth liand of Chippewa Indians in Minnesota the sum o $1,000, or so much thereof as may l^e necessary, to be expended in the annual eel' bration of said l>and to l)e held June 14, 1921. out of the funds belonging to said ban Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: CHIPPEWA IN MINNESOTA FUND. (Annual celebration.) Fiscal year ended June 30. 1920: Amount appropriated $1, 000.0 Amount expended Nc Unexpended balance l,00Qt# This money is not expended l)y tlie agent of the Indian Bureau, other than to tiir over the lump sum necessary to the executive committee. The amount is to t expended by the so-called executive committee. In June. 1920, two separate committees, each claiming to be the executive comi tee of the White Earth Indians, held a (•elel)ration and claim tlie $1,000. < ■ these committees refused to submit an accounting of the receipts and expenii of the celebration, without which it is impossible to determine the amount ne< ■ to advance to the committee. It seems to be the understanding of said comiuui' that all gate and privilege receipts and any surplus from the appropriation liolon to the committee for such use as they deem proper. A proper consideration of t! interests of tlie wliole tril)e to whom this money belongs demands tliat onlv so mui as niay be necessary shall be turned over to the committee and that only the n cost of the celebration is the amount necessary under the terms of the act. Mr. Elston. I notice a similar appropriation was made in 19". and I presume in previous years like appropriations were made f( this object. How much was paid out last year under the approjiri tion of $1,000, or is the matter still in controversy and the mom held up ? Mr. Meritt. The matter is still in controversy and the money held up. There are two factions claiming this money and it is a hoi: of contention on the ^^^^ite Earth Kesorvation; also the Chippew on other reservations contend that this money should not be appr; priated out of their funds, because of considerable ill feeling amo»i the Indians. Mr. Elston. I think it would bo well for the subcommittee to oo sider whether or not this item should not go out altogether. for expenses of general council. The next item relates to the tribal funds of the Chippewa Indi That the sum of $10,000, or so much thereof as may be necessary, of the tribal fui of the Chippewa Indians of the State of Minno.-^ota is hon-by appropriated to pay t expenses of tb(! general coun(;il of saiti tribe to be held at Mcmidji, Minn., bag ning the second Tuesday in July, 1921, pursuant to the con.>art; it was not their council; they did not consider it their council )ecause the man that they elected as their chairman in the local louncil did not preside; Dickens was presiding over the council; the )y-laws say that a member of the council shall preside, and Dickens vas no member of the band; so he just overrode everything. Now, ihat was what was done there. Mr. Elston. Now, Mr. Coffey, you have gone far enough to indi- jate that this is a controversy with regard to what Chippewas should eceive this money and expend it. You are contending that it should )e paid to one authority, while I assume the others might contend hat it should be paid to another authority. Do you not think it «rould be better to supplement what you have said with a concise rief or argument, and let it go at that, because the committee would aturally want to hear both sides, and by adopting that method we ould get at the facts, rather than to have a mere presentation of the gument in the way of just a verbal statement. Mr. Cofj^ey. To put the thing in a nutshell, the Indians contend his: That the United States ought to perform its treaty agreenient th the Indians, and I submit here article 4, which the Indians laim the United States ought to perform, and the names of those membsrs whom it was intended should be taken off the annuity roll. Those names appear there just as they appear on the annuity roll, designated and segregated by the Indian agent at that particular time in that particular way. 280 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Elston. Who could take them off of the roll? Mr. Coffey. Wlio should have done it ? Mr. Elston. No; who could take them off? Mr. Coffey. The I'^nited States. Mr. Elston. The Indi>\n Bureau? Mr. Coffey. Yes. Mr. Elston. You do not expect this committee to take that in' charge and authorize the elimination of these individuals from the rolls, do you ? Mr. Coffey. That is mert-ly for the information of the committee. We have requested the Indian Bureau to take up this proposition; and consider it. Mr. Elston. Is it now being considered by the Indian Bureau? Mr. Coffey. They have refused to go into it at all: they do n(^ know anvthing about it, as far as I know. "* Mr. HTastings. Do you claim that these names are erroneously enrolled ? Mr. Coffey. Yes. Mr. Hastings. And that is why you want them eliminated ? Mr. Coffey. Yes, sir; they are on the roll contrary- to law. Mr. Hastings. Do you claim that the Indian Bureau now has the authority to take them off ? Mr. Coffey. We believe they have, because we claim that that treaty is yet in full force. The result is that the United States ha.< delivered to those people the property of the Mississippi 'Chippewas amounting to nearly §2,000,000, for which the United States i- liable. We claim that the United States is liable for all that propeit . . Mr. Hastings. What specific recommendation do % ou make with reference to this first item? Mr. Elston. The item on page 67? Mr. Hastings. The $10,000 item. What specific recommendation do you make with reference to that ? Mr. Coffey. The Indians want that changed so thev can use tlmt in their council for the same purposes it has been used or is intend, d to have been used. Mr. Hastings. \Miat purposes did tliey previously use it for '. Mr. Coffey. To pay the expenses of the tlelegation that are elected by the local councils to the general councils at their meetings and to pay the expenses of their dcuegations here to Washington to consult with the Indian Bureau and to appear before Congress iu^-e in rehi- tion to their figures. Mr. Hastings. Have you got a substitute prepared? Mr. Coffey. We have one here. Mr. Hastings. Let that go into the record. Mr. P^LSTON. That may go into the record at the present time, Mr. Coffey, and will represent your suggestions, and the committee will consider them. I think that is about all we can hear on that mat; •! to-(hiy. AVe hav(> your statement of suggestions and will consiiU r them. (The statement referred to is as follows:) INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1022. 281 INCORPORATED COUNCIL. lit idtiiig J The sum of $10,000, or so much thereof as may be necessary, of the tribal funds of the yhippewa Indians of Minnesota, is hereby appropriated to pay the expenses of the 'hippewa Indians of Minnesota (Inc.). a general council of said Indians, with prin- ipal ofhces at Ball Club, Minn., pursuant to the constitution of said general council I said Chippewa Indians, organized May 13, 1913, and incorporated .\ugust IS, 1919. .nd to pay the expenses of said council in looking after the affairs of said Indian ribe, including the actual and necessary expenses of its legislative committee in ifiiting Washington, during the sessions of Congress, said sum to be immediately Vailable, and said expenses to be approved by the president and secretary of said ouncil and certified to the Secretary of the Interior, and as so approved and certified 3 be paid: Provided, That the secretary of said council shall submit a statement of fie expenses so paid from said funds, on the 30th day of June of each vear, to the Sec- 3tary of the Interior. Mr. Hastings. Just before we pass that item, I notice that the um is to be made immediately available. The council up there does lot meet until the second Tuesday in July, 1921. What is the ;ecessity for making that immediately available? Mr. Meritt. There is no urgent necessity for making it immediately vailable. Mr. Hastings. You know Congress has been against that unless here is some urgent necessity for it. j Mr. Meritt. I might say in answer to the statement made by It. Coffey that the department has considered the question of liminating these people from the Chippewa rolls. Thej^ have been n the rolls for a number of years. They have receivecl their allot- lents and they have received their share of the funds that have been eretofore distributed as authorized by law. The Indian Bureau and 16 department took the position that inasmuch as these Indians had een allotted and had a share of these funds and had been on the rolls )r such a long period of time Mr. Hastings (interposing). About how long? Mr. Meritt. They have been recognized for probably 20 years or ►nger as belonging to the Chippewa Tribe of Indians, and it has emed impracticable at this late date to enter into the proposition 'F eliminating them from the Chippewa rolls. Mr. Elston. The fact that they are on the rolls gives a preponder- ice to their faction and eliminates the faction which Mr. Coffey- '^presents from control of the council or affairs of the tribe. ' Mr. Meritt. The mixed-blood Indians were in the majority at the |)uncil held, and as a result of the commissioner's promise he recog- ized the Indians who were in the majority. iMr. Hastings. To eliminate these names would not give the other 'le majority. There are too few of them. Mr. Meritt. That is true. I Mr. Elston. The next item is another appropriation from tribal :;nds. That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, authorized to withdraw ])m the Treasury of the United 'States the sum of 110,000, or so much thereof as may necessary, of the funds on deposit to the credit of the Red Lake Baud of Chippewa dians in "the State of Minnesota, and to expend the same in the construction of ^ids and bridges on the Red Lake Indian Reservation, in said State, including the 'irchase of material, equipment, and supplies, and the employment of labor: Pro- led, That Indian labor shall be employed as far a.s practicable. 282 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BELL, 1922. Mr. Meritt. We offer for the record the following justification: INTEREST O.V RED tAKE FOREST 4 PER CENT FUND CrOAD AND BRIDGES). Fiscal vear ending June 30, 1921: Amount authorized $10, 000. 00 Fiscal year ended June .30, 1920: Amount authorized 10, 000. < Amount expended 9, 474. a Unexpended balance 52-5. 74 Aruilysis of expenditures. Salaries, wages, etc 8, 410. 1: Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 204. 4'. Equipment and miscellaneous material 846. 1 Miscellaneous 4. ' 9, 474. 2 This is the .same amount as has been appropriated for the past several years fror the tribal funds of the Red Lake Indians for use in the construction of roads a: bridges on th.^t reservation, pursuant to a request made bv these Indians, who :r ciate the benefit of good roads and have asked that a portion of their tribal funi l utilized for this purpose. I I might also add that this fund enables the office to give employ ment to the Red Lake Indians in the construction of roads on thai reservation. Mr. Elston. Is there any objection to this item from the Indian themselves ? Mr. Meritt. No, sir; the Red Lake Indians desire it. FOR PROMOTING CIVILIZATION AND SELF-SUPPORT. Mr. Elston. The next item is also an appropriation from trib; funds; page 69: The Secretary of the Interior is hereby authorized to withdraw from the Trea^u' of the United States, at his discretion, the sum of .'?70,orO, or so much thereof a~ be necessary, of the principal sum on deposit to the credit of the Chippewa In in the State of Minnesota, arising under section 7 of the act of January 14, entitled "An act for the reUef and civilization of the Chippewa Indians in the .i of Minnesota," and to u.se the same for promoting civilization and self-support ami: the said Indians in manner and for purposes provided for in said act: Provided, ili not to exceed $15,000 of the above amount shall be used to aid the public schx in the Chippewa country: Provided, That Indian children shall at all times be a mitted to said schools on the same terms and conditions as white chiklreu. This is the item on which Congressman Ellsworth appeared tl other day and where his testimony, I suppose, will l)e set out, so v have heard only one side of the controversy respecting this item. Mr, Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: Chippewa in Minne-sota Fund. Fiscal year ending June 110, 1921: Amount aulhorized ?(>0, t'l' Fiscal year ended June :}0, 1920: Amount aulhorized 100. {)> Amount expended KM), OtK*. n IXDIAX APPROPRIATTOX BILL,, 1922. 283 )ii; ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES. Janes, wages, etc $41, OU. 71 Traveling expenses 3, 708. 59 Transportation of supplies 1^ 691. 02 jTelegraph and telephone ser\'ice ' 330. 11 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 186. 32 Subsistence supplies 13_ 123. 81 Dr>' goods, clothing, etc 752. 14 Forage 2. 858. 89 __ puel, lubricants, power and light ser\-ice 7, -198. 36 edical supplies, etc 2, 717. 52 -IBtequipment and miscellaneous material 3, 277. 90 ibare and education of pupils in mission schools 17, 820. 00 Miscellaneous 1, 754. 58 butatanding liabilities 3, 269. 05 100, 000. 00 The amount of said principal sum for the 1921 estimate was approximately $6,155,. J16.28, 5 per cent of wliich would be 8307,765.81, whereas the appropriationasked for .8 only S70,000, which is several times Ifess than the maximum amount which could be ippropriated by law. There are about 12,000 Indians sharing in this fimd belonging to six different reser- vations covering a tenitori- of 1,098,637 acres. This is the only fund available for general agency use as distinct from school pur- roses; that is, for the support and ci\TJization of the Chippewa Indians of Minnesota » siding on the reservations, and is hea^^ly drawn upon each year for the necessary ?xpense3 of administration, salaries and wages, subsistence, clothing, medical sup- plies, etc. It is believed that the amount asked for will be absolutely necessary to provide for the ordinary and usual actiA-ities of the ser\Tce ha\'tng to do with the sup- port and ci-\-ilization of the Indians sharing in this fund. During the pre-ent year about .$15,000 was necessary to meet the requests presented w the public-school districts for tuition for Indian children, but as there was only •:5,000 available it was prorated among the different districts and only paid about one- hird of the tuition due them. J Friday, December 17, 1920. Mr. Elstox. Congressman Ellsworth, of Minnesota, is here. Se is leaving for Minnesota this evening, and it is reo nested that he )e permitted to speak out of order on some of the Minnesota items. Sis testimony ma}- be placed in the record in the appropriate place. [ imderstand, Mr. EUs^vorth, that rou are interested in the matter contained on page 66 of the estimates: For support of a school or Whools for the Chippewas of the Mississippi in Minnesota Mr. Ellsworth. Particularh^ page 69. After look" wer the mtire item, I devote my attention to the matter on pagj '>9. ^Ir. Elstox. Proceed as briefly as possible, Mr. Ellsworth. STATEMENT OF HON. FRANKLIN F. ELLSWORTH, A REPRESEN- TATIVE IN CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF MINNESOTA. ij Mr. Ellsworth. I want to direct vour attention to the item on 3age 69, which was 860,000 for last year, 1921, and 870,000 is pro- posed for 1922. This is an item that has been a diminishing item, mt it has been diminishing very reluctantly from the standpoint of vhat has been asked for in the estimates every year. Five 3 ears ago, pr since the first time that I became interested in this item, I think ■ive years ago, it was theii, around 8200,000, and always the same )bjection was made to eliminating it, and I have always clainied that t should all be eliminated; every cent, every dollar. Objection vnll 284 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. I be made now to the eliminating of the S70,000, and each time it was cut down, first from the SlSo.OOO, then S165,000, and S100,000, at various times in the House, it was reinstated in the Senate, hut it has gradually gone down from $185,000, in my recollection, to 860,000, alwavs against the opposition and upon the statement that if it were cut down at all that it would cause great sufTering and great distress and educational facilities would not he properly provided for this Indian section of the State of Minnesota and that it would cause great hardship among the Chippewa Indians. I contend now, just as I di(f five years ago, that it can all he cut off and cause no hardship and no lack of facilities to the Indian children anywhere in the State of Minnesota, proper public-school facilities being provided or will be provided immediately upon their being needed, and further, that under no provision of law the amounts expended, either the $70,000 now or the $185,000 five years ago, nor any of the amounts, were ever expended for the purposes which the agreement of 1889 contemplated tliej-' would be expended, or, if they had been so expended, no accounting has been made of the entire fund by the bureau covering all that is necessary for the expenditure for school purposes as allowed under the agreement of 1889. There is about $6,000,000 taken from land sold and from timber disposed of to the credit now of the Chippewa Indians of Minnesota. The agreement of 1889 provides that tor certain purposes, erecting houses and sawmills, purcnase of agricultural implements, stock, and seed, for breaking and fencing land, and for the expenses of the delegation of the Chippewa Indians to visit the White Earth Reservation, for the erection and maintenance and aid of industrial schools, sub- sistence, and pay of employees, and for surveys, appraisals, removals, and allotments, that out of the principal fund these things could be appropriated for, out of this principal fund of $6,000,000 nu)ney could be appropriated for these uses. ', It provides that interest, which now amounts to $300,000 at & ' per cent on the $6,000,000, should be used for the Indians, three^ fourths in per capita payments, amounting to $18 or 820 a year to i each member of tbe Chippewa tribe, which has been paitl to them at . various times, and the one-fourth for school purposes. Now, cur»§> ously, this provision has gotten down to where it is ecjuivnlent ttf one-fourth of the amount that the interest would yield, ami wliich the department will tell you is principally used for school purposes^ This is out of the principal fund, not from the interest. In th# hearings two years ago, jiages 408 and 409 of the hearings, you will find the oidy accounting of appropriations used for ailministrativft^ expenses for schools from this total of $103,000 for agencies, etcfli was $62,000 for schools; that one-fourth of the interest, which i^ $75,000, is used for schools, but there is no proper accounting of it,'^ and that is the only accounting I know of made since 1889. 'J'here never was any accounting of the amount that goes for schools excop#> insofar as they are in tenningled with schools on \\\o reservations an left ont of it. and there never was any anthority oSfl) law for putting it in; there never was any accounting to show thvfl^ expending of this $185,000; there lU'ver was any accounting to shoV INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, 285 for this S70,q00, or for this $60,000, to show that it was used under this appropriation as the agreement of 1889 contemplates that it should be used, for the purposes specified under that agreement, purchase of agricultural implements, stock, and seed, breaking and lencing land, and so on. It Was used for a period of IS years, com- mencing with 1892. bringing it to 1910, and then discontinued, and then there being no further purpose of so-called civilization and sup- port under which there could be any pretext for taking this out of the principal fund, they then have taken out of the prmcipal fund, starting with the sum of S200,000, these amounts carried in this Indian appropriation bill each year. Each time that this is taken .up the explanation always is that it is for school purposes, and there never has been a clear accounting of just exactly how much for school purposes is used, and there has never been anything that I have been able to learn in the bureau's accounting for school pur- poses, of this one-fourth amount of that interest, which, under the agreement of 1889, is the only thing that can be used for that purpose or that should be used for school purposes. There is nothing to show that they need more than one-fourth, or 875,000 of the interest money, or that they need to take anything out of the piincipal fund for this purpose. Mr. Elston. Do you contend that this appropriation out of the tribal funds is not within the power of Congress ? jVIr. Dempsey. He is claiming that Congress has not done it. Mr. Ellsworth. I will not say that Congress has no power, but I do not think Congress intends to use the principal for the items of expenditures which it has provided the interest should be used for, and especially when Congress has specified that the interest is to be used for that purpose. Mr, Elstox, You just stated that a large part of the interest is doled out as per capita payments, Mr, Ellsworth, The agreement provides that thi-ee-fom-ths shall be paid out for the per capita payments. That has been in compli- ance with the agreement. Mr, Elstox. That leaves only one-fourth which can possibly be •used, as you contend, for these piu-poses, for which Congress appro- priates. Mr. Ellsworth. Exactl}^ I contend that if any suni should be taken from the principal there should be a proper accounting to show that this 870,000, this one-fourth of the interest, is used for the pur- poses for which it is claimed to be used. It is called civilization and support fmid, The nature of the conditions up there is such that ' hey are no longer necessary for this particular kind of an appro- dation, but the answer of the department always is that they are sed for schools, and even if it be ultra vires, not ^vithin the authority f Congress as a legislative power to appropriate these items, even if hey are used for schools, and if it is beyond their power, I think no 'one in the Chippewa Tribe makes any objection, if it is used for the schools, but there is no way of knowing it is put into schools. It has been claimed that it is used for the civilization and education, and that there would be great suffering without it, but that 8185,000 was cut to 8125,000 and now down to 870.000; it has been cut down and stiU there has not been suffering, as far as I know. 286 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, Mr. Dempsey. As far as I understand your argument, you first say there is no occasion for using it for Indian schools up there because the pubhc schools of Minnesota are so located as to supply all needed facilities. Mr. Ellsworth. Or would be very soon. I may be anticij)atino; a little in the future. The best accounting I have ever been able to get that has been made for school purposes only was S62.000. That is in the hearings on the 1920 bill. That only accounts for ?;62,()00 of it, which would leave S13,000 of the interest still unused for the pur- poses which it is claimed to l)e used for. Mr. Dempsey. Would you not l)e interested to have Mr. Meritt go- into thit while you are here? Mr. Ellsworth. I expect th'it he can. I expect to hear the samfr explanation I have he'ard six times before. ^Ir. Elston. Will you make a little statement now, Mr. Me'itt, iiLf connection with Congressman Ellsworth's testimony, or defer it until 5'^ou get the hearings ? Mr. Meritt. We hive submitted to Congress a report showiag^] exactlj' how every dollar of this item is expended. The report is ini the hiinds of the clerk of the House Committee on Indian Affairs. I have sent for it and it will l)e here in a few moments. In the mean- time I would be glad for Mr. Ellsworth to finish his statement. Mr. Ellsworth. I have finished, temporarily, anyway. I would just as soon you would make a statement. In the meantime. I will ask this question, to facilitare matters. Mr. Hastings. I think you might read your justification, Mr. Meritt, in the presence of Mr. Ellsworth. Mr. Ellsworth. I have not seen it. Mr. Meritt. The justification for this item reads as follows Mr. Dempsey (interposing). We might turn to the analysis of ex- penditures. Mr. Meritt. I will place that in the record at this point. , Chifpe\v.\ IX Minnesota Fund. Fiscal vear endins; .Tune 30, 1921: Amount authorized .$60. 000. 00 Fiscal vear ended .Tune 30, 1920: Arnount authori/.ed 1 00, 00(\ 00 Amount e\])fcnded 100, 000. 00 - AN.\I.Y8IS OK EXPENDITURE.^. Salaries. \\a<:es, ctr -11.011. 71 Traveling e> pen.ses • 3, 70S. ."SQ TransfHjrfation of su})])lies 1. lie8 IKfi V2 Suhsistence pupplies 13. 123. >1 Dry j^oods, cloth iiiji;, etc 752. H Forage 2. S.">S. 8S Fuel, Inhricants, power and light service 7, 19S. 3( Medical suj>i)Iie8. etc 2. 717. "<1 Eiiuipnicnt and mi«?cellaneous material 3, 277. IK Care and educalion of pupils in inisnion .s<-hoolB 17, S20. 0( Mi8re!lane Oulelandin^; lial'ilities 3, 2r.(l. 01 100, (HK> W INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL. 1922. 287 * Mr. Meritt (reading) : The amount of said principal sum for the 1921 estimate was approximately $fi,155.- H6.28, 5 per cent of which would be $307,765.81, whereas the appropriation asked or is only $70,000, which is several times less than the maximum amount which could 36 appropriated by law. Mr. Dempsey (iiiterposmg). What do yoii moan by that? Mr. Meritt. I mean that, under what is known as the Nelson Act, [Congress is given authority to appropriate not to exceed 5 per cent "A tihe principal sum. Mr. Dempsey. They have not the authoritv to ajDpropriate the full $807,000, but you are asking for the $70,000. Mr. Meritt. Depending on the amoimt of money that is in the [Treasury at any given time to the credit of the Chippewa Indians. Mr. Ellsworth. For civilization and support ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Ellsworth. As enumerated under the agreement of 1889? Mr. Meritt. There are about $6,000,000 now in this fund. There are about 12,000 Indians sharing in this fund belonging to six different reser- vations covering a territory of 1.089,637 acres. This is the only fund available for general agency use as distinct from school pur- joses; that is, for the support and civilization of the Chippewa Indians of Minnesota esiding on the reservations, and is heavily drawn upon each year for the necessary expenses of administration, salaries and wages, subsistence, clothing, medical sup- ilies, etc. It is believed that the amount asked for will be absolutely necessary to orovide for the ordinary and usual activities of the service having to do with the mpport and civilization of the Indians sharing in this fund. During the present year about $15,000 was necessaiy to meet the requests presented jy the public-school districts for tuition for Indian children, but as there was only 55,000 available it was prorated among the different districts and only paid about me-third of the tuition due them. Mr. Ellsworth. This justification is almost the same as we have lad before, year after year; there is not anything new m it. Mr. Dempsey. Turn to the analysis and j'ou will see the analysis ^hows this: For salaries and wages, $41,000; subsistence and supplies, $13,000; for care and education of pupils in mission schools. §17,000. Those items make a total of $71,000 out of that $100,000. Mr. Ellsworth. The $41,000 is administrative expense. That lias always been the contention here — administrative expenses. Administrative expenses are expenses that are only remotely inci- dental to the educational purposes, and even so far as their being used for educational purposes there is nothing under the agreement 3f 1889 that provides for it except they do not make any objection, if they are actually used for educational purposes, but there is only a small portion of it used for educational purposes, $41,000, which, according to that justification, is administrative. Mr. Elston. Are any of the activities that are paid for out of this appropriation unnecessary activities ? Mr. Ellsworth. Yes; the administrative expenses are top-heavy. Mr. Elston. The effect of carrying out your suggestion would be that Congress has to appropriate the same amount out of the Treasury ,9r discontinue the service. I Mr. Ellsworth. Not at all. I will answer that question this way: Just that same identical thing was said, with the same number of Indians, the same amount of territory, or practically the same, five 288 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. { years ago, and they used almost the same language to justify the' S1S5,000 for tlie very same purj)Ose for \yhich they have coyered it' now with this $60,000. Mr. Dempsey. You are yery lucky, tlien. Mr. Ellsworth. TJiat is true, but that does not make it true tliatj the}' need $60,000. My contention is that you can continue to| reduce that until it reaches zero in two or three years and then thejt will have to close up a few of these agencies that are practically f useless. ! Mr. Dempsey. Let me haye the record from which you are quoting.! Does that show the agreement to which you referred ? !' Mr. Ellsworth. I am quoting the language in the debate on the|, bill in the House two years ago, showing what the purposes were foi which this should be used. My contention is there that those items, admitting that they are justified, I say that S75,000 would coyer that. Outside of tliat it has not been accounted for. Mr. Dempsey. Let us get back to our point of beginning. What you contend fii-st is, as I understand, that there is some agreenieat between the United States and those Indians by which the Ignited States has the right to use from this fund moneys only for certain purposes. Is that right ^ Mr. Ellsworth. Exactl^^ Mr. Dempsey. What are those purposes ? Mr. Ellsworth. As enumerated in the paragraph that I read. Mr. Dempsey. It reads: The portion of the principal could only be used for the following purposes, and the first l)ill introduced, carrying an appropriation under the provisions of tiiis treat contained the following language: "For the purpose of erecting houses, sawmil and flour mills; for the purchase of agricultural implements, stock, and seed; breaking and fencing land; for expenses of the delegation of the Chippewa Indi to visit the White Earth Reservation; for the erection and maintenance and ai<3 industrial schools, subsistence, and pay of employees, $100,(300; for surveys, appraisals removals, and allotments, §100,000."' Mr. Ellsworth. That SI 00,000 just happens to be the amount , The agreement does not contain that. Only the words within ({uo- I tations are in the agreement. The 8100,000 happens to be what wa> appropriateil under that guise. Those words in quotations ai-e thii words of the agreement; the Si 00,000 litis nothing to do witli thlj agreement; S1()0,000 was the amount appropriated the year l)efoi%J Mr. Dempsey. Tliere is not anything m the proyision I haye reig| except tlie following: ''Erection and maintenance and aid of indi trial schools, subsistence, and |)ay of eniphiyees." I take it tliati means subsistence and pay of employees engaged in carrying on thest industrial schools. That is right, is it not < Mr. Ellsworth. No; 1 do not think tiuM'e were. They are em- ployed in the genei'al agenc\' j)iU'poses, where there is an industria school, and the small school is one of the insignificant actiyities o) i the agency. Mr. Dempsey. These salaries and wages, as 1 take it, are in con- nection with this school work^ Mr. Ellsworth. If haying a superintendent and agent and having an assistant enginei'r where therc^ is a grou|> of agiMicy buildings among which there is a school, is for school purj)»)ses, it would he Mr. Dempsey. In otJuir words, what you claim is that the sidaric' I and wages items and those small items following it and the sul> j INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 289 [istence supplies, that none of those items are items within that ^reement except the $17,820. Mr. Ellsworth. I think it could be so stated, but I will go further jtian that. I w-ill say that the Chippew-as, notwithstanding the letter that agreement, still do not object to any amounts which they link are necessary to be taken off from the principal fund for the lupport of the indigent Indians or for education, if they are con- ' iced that the $75,000 or the one-fourth of the interest, is first sed for school purposes, and that this accounting does not take ito consideration that fact. Before you can justify one dollar of le expenditure for this purpose in this bill, either mora ly or under le agreement, by common consent or otherwise, you should first icount for the $75,000 expenditure for school purposes. Mr. Elstox. Is this $75,000 an item transferred in the accounts the Indian Bu'-eau on which it does not have to ask a separate ithorization each yeir? Mr. Ellsworth. Exact!}'. \Mt. Elston. So that is covered into their hands by the provisions this act which authorizes the segregation of that amount of interest 'h the burefiu to be expended, and to that extent they have had it ^ an automatic continuing thing from that time? Mr. Ellsworth. Exactly, but we. contend it is sufficient to pay lid that they are authorized to use it to pay the very things for ., jhich they ask under this bill an additional amount. I Mr. Dempsey. I do not understand it. ■I Mr. Ellsworth. I think Mr. Meritt has not specified the use of 16 $75,000 inte est. If so it will be new to me. Mr. Meritt. We have submitted to Congress a report, showing rery doUar of funds expended in the Chippewa country. This >port is in the hinds of the Indian Committee of the House. It lows that w^e have expended approximately $70,000 for school pur- oses among the Chippewa Indians. So far as the e being public 'hool facilities fo/ all of the Chippewas, I want to say I have been 1 the Chippewa country recently, and that statement is far from meet. We have Indians living on the Red Lake Rese vation, for sample, whe e there are no adequate public school facilities, except ' le facilities that are furnished by the boarding schools of the Gov- •nment and by the mission schools. That condition obtams on other reservations in the Chippewa )untr. . I think that no Chippewa Indian that I know of has ever bjected to the use of that $70,000 for educational purposes. As to this appropriation, this is what is known as the support and ivilization appropriation, and is used for an entirely different pur- ose than the school appropriation. We have to maintain in the hippewa countr, in order to administer the affairs of these IncUans idiaii agencies, the same as we maintain on other reservations in lis countn . Some of the Chippewa Indians, not all of them, and ot many of them, object to this appropriation. What the few who object to the appropriation want is that this mone\ should not 3me out of their funds, that Congress should make gratuity appro riations for the support of these agencies. If it is the policy of the )mmittees of Congress to make gratuity appropriations for Indians hen they have large sums of mone\ to their credit, we wiU interpose o objections but will follow that poHcv in making up our estimates. 26630—21 19 290 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. But Congross has horotofnro iiidicatod clearly and jilaiiily thai it wanted the Indian iiureau to siihniit its estimates so that these expenses should be paid out of the tribal funds, when they havi large funds to their credit, rather than out of gratuity appropria tions from the Treasur, . The Chippewa Indians at this time havi in the Treasun' approximately S6, 000, 000. This appropriation lla^ been gradually reduced in the last few ;. ears, this support and civil- ization appropriation, from Sl'*~^o.000 down to S60.000. "We have had to close hospitals in that countr. because of this limitation. We have also had to close schools in that countr. because we could not continue them out of this appropriation and there was not suffi- cient money in other appropriations to continue the schools. We' closed a large boarding school on the White Earth Reservation, visited that reservation last summer. They have a splenthd school plant there and it is idle now except for the use of a room in the building for a public school, which we are now called upon to support out of the Chippewa funds and which we will be glau to do if ( on- gress gives us the appropriation. There are a large number of White ICarth Indians who are opposed to the closing of the school, and there will be a large number of White Earth children who will go without school facilities l)ecause of the closing of that school. Some of the White Earth Indians are now objecting to the continu- ation of the boarding schools on the Red Lake Reservation. We have had two boarding schools there, and you will find thft representative of the Chippewa Council, whicJi is the dominant factor on the White Earth Reservation, fighting schools on the Red Lake Reservation. We have a Cnippewa Indian in this room who is absolutely opposed to the Cnippewa Council and everything that that council wants done. He will tell you t!iat they do not represent a large' number of Indians among the Ciiippewa. We have reduced the agencies in the Cnippewa country from six do^^^l to three and have very materially reduced the activities of the Government in that country. I am personally- in favor of the reduction of t!ie activities to the limit and the sooner that we can get out of the Chippewa country the bette]- pleased the Indian Bureau will be, but tiiere are a large number of full-blood Jntlians among the Cnippewa Indians on the Cnippewa Reservation who absolutely need t'.ie sup- port of the Government and they will be helpless wit!iout the Gov- ment's protection. Tnis Chippewa matter is a very i)r()ad ([uestion and tiiere are a lot of underlying factions and underlying inten->ts involved and we are endeavoring to protect tlie interests of these full-blood Indians to the very best of our ability, but we can not do it widiout t!iis appropriation. Mr. Dk.mpsky. 1 can not understand one thing, Mr. Meritt. As I understand (congressman Ellsworth, he complains that wiiat he calls a second apjiropriatiori is nuule. lie says that you are ^'ranted the right to use ojie-fourth of the interest u])on this Sfi. 000, 00(1, which is, roughl,v, S7o,000, and that that is used and, as he states. not a"counted for, and then he savs there is a second an]»roi>riation of STO.OOO. Is this .STO.OOO in addition to that fourth of the interest or not '. Mr. Mkhi'it. Yes, sir; but Mr. Ellsworth is mistaken in his state ment that we haxc not the authority to use this monev. INDIAN APPROPRIATION Bll.l., 1!)22, 291 Mr. Ellsworth. No; that is not my statement. My statement 3 that you do not use it for the purposes for which it is api)roi)i-iate(l. ^hat is my statement. Mr. Meritt. It was contended by a representative of the council hat Congress did not have the authority even to make this appro- iriation, and it was also contended tliat we did not have the authority use the money after the apjiropriation was made, and that was ought out m the courts, and their contention was not sustained by he conrts. Mr. Dempsey. I want it perfectly plain in my mhid, the basis of ;hat we are argumg about. You are ushig $75,000, or approximately ^at— one-fourth of the mterest upon this $6,000,000 fund ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Dempsey. Without coming to Congress at all? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Dempsey. And this $70,000 is in addition to that .$75,000 ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Dempsey. There is a special appropriation for the $75,000, ut you feel that you need authority as to the $70,000? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. The other is a continuing appropriation, a con- inuing authority. Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. The other appropriation is used for an ntirely different purpose from this appropriation. Mr. Dempsey. For what? Mr. Meritt. The other appropriation is used for school purposes. Mr. Hastings. Exclusively? Mr. Meritt. Exclusively; and this appropriation is for agency urposes and for the support and civilization of these Indians, ^here are a large number of Indians up there who have to receive ubsistence. They can not use the school appropriation for that urpose. We caii only use this appropriation for support and civi- zation purposes. We can not use the school appropriation for laintaining our agency force up there. We must use this appro- riation for that purpose. Mr. Dempsey. The only thing I see to criticize in that analysis is is, that the $40,000 for overhead is not an item for overhead, and ere are a number of other items that would bring that up to, say, bout $40,000. It seems to me to be a very large overhead for the xpenditure of $40,000. Mr. Meritt. Naturally, the way to civilize the Indians is not to ive them gratuities, to issue rations to them, but to encourage them 5 become self-supporting, and the fewer rations we issue to the tidians the greater is the evidence that we are accomplishing the urposes desired by Congress. Our main purpose is to make the ndians self-supporting. We are issuing rations to a considerable xtent on some few res'ervations, but we are trying to cut down those ■ .iktions all the time. We are trying to use our administrative force '■''■p encourage the Indian to be self-supporting. ! Mr. Dempsey. That is to teach them to farm and raise stock and |iigage in the various avocations which would ht them for the owner- tiip and care of their property ? . j Mr. Meritt. To look after their property. For example, the 1 ted Lake Indians have large timber interests, and we are now selling '^t yi ii\ I 292 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. that timber, and we also have a sawmill on that reservation, and from the sale of that timber we deposit the money to the credit of those Indians. Mr. Ellsworth. I have been trying for five years to find a clear explanation of this. I want you to understand my contention. I want to admit that the $75,000 is a continuing appropriation and that they could use it for a certain purpose ; but what I am contending is that this committee has a right to know whether they did use it for that purpose and without, in addition to that, taking away from some amount for similar purposes — school purposes or help to indigent Indians. Mr. Elston. Mr. Meritt says that they do not, and that he has the figures to show it. Mr. Ellsworth. Mr. Meritt has repeatedly said that for five years. As I just told the committee, the only figures he has given show that in the aggregate §62,000 was used two years ago. I con- tend that Mr. Meritt's justification this year should show an expendi- ture of S145,000. and that the bureau has not shown that and never could show it. Mr. Elston. It is past history. Would you say that the current use of S75,000 has been made in accordance with that ^ Mr. Ellsworth. It is not past history; it is a current condition up there, what they have used tliis money for. Taking it illegally in tnt past is no reason why they should in the future. Mr. Dempsey. It has a very pertinent bearing in this way, on th€' justification for this year, that in order to justify the appropriation of that 870,000 for this year they should show a clear slate for jijipro- priations used in prior vears. Mr. Ellsworth. Exactly. If Mr. Meritt shows a S70,000 justifi cation for this year, my answer to that is that as far as schools iin concerned that is all done on a continuing item which they have j right to use; but if they use the S75,000, the one-fourth of the interes money, that they have not the right to take from that fund. Mr. Hastings. Suppose we see what the report discloses. Mr. Meritt. Ilight there is where Mr. Ellsworth is mistaken. Mr. Ellsworth. You have never answered that in five yeai-s Mr. Meritt. We could not use the school fund for the work th we must necessarily do. Mr. Dempsey. For this very work designated in your analysi here i Mr. Meiutt. Yes, sir. Mr. Ellsworth. And you never have sho^vn separately th' administrative from the school purposes. You do not show tl. ^fr. Meriit. We are giving you an analysis of every ilollar of tm money in the last year. Mr. Ellsworth. On the face of it. Will you let nic read airi from the record of .Fanuary 24, 1 !»!!», relative to two years ago. Mj Hastings, in the heaiMn'j;s, nsked you n (|Uestion as to how inuch o this was s|)ent for scliools, and after' '>() pag(>s were consumed in fh hearings, here is your answer: We lire iiiaiMtainiiiR a nuinlxT of iigencios in the Chippewa country, iimoni; wlu. i.« Uic While Kartli. Under each one of (ho«e siiperintendeneies there in a .««y8ti'iu > schools. i INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 293 That is as near as you ever came to answering the question. Mr. Meritt. You are mistaken. We are furnishing committees of Congress full and detailed information of expenditures of every dollar the Chippewa country, and I can produce the reports here. Mr. Ellsworth. If vou have ever shown this committee the details of that S145,000, I would like to see it. Mr. Meritt. This is a report we are required to submit under the law, a statement of the expenditures for the fiscal year 1920 of a tribal ature for the Chippewa Indians of Minnesota. "Last year $100,000 was appropriated and this year we are asking for $75,000. Mr. Hastings. Then this is not a school appropriation of $75,000. 'hat is what we are interested in. Mr. Meritt. We will furnish that information to you. Mr. Ellsworth. You have been trying to do it for five years and ave promised it and never have done it. You have never shown the roportion of administrative and school expenses against that figure of $75,000 and have never done it for that $165,000. Mr. Meritt. I wiU furnish this committee with a statement showing every dollar of expenditure out of the school funds. Mr. Ellsworth. You have not furnished it. Mr. Meritt. We have heretofore. Mr. Ellsworth. You were going to furnish it for the $185,000 appropriation, for the $160,000 appropriation, for the $125,000 ap- propriation, and for the $85,000. Mr. Meritt. We furnished it and got the appropriations. Mr. Ellsworth. You can not produce it in the hearings out of your office to-day. Mr. Meritt. I can show it in the hearings of the past. Mr. Ellsworth. Let the committee see it. Mr. Meritt. Not only that, but I furnished the detailed informa- tion this year. Mr. Ellsworth. There is no such statement in existence now. Mr. Elston. I understand the report you have in has an itemized statement of the expenditures of the $70,000. If that is not exactly what Mr. Ellsworth wants you to show, you have at hand the other figures showing the use of the annual amount of $75,000 that you get out of this authority to expend a certain amount of interest from the Chippewa funds for school purposes. Mr. Hastings. For school purposes. Mr. Elston. I suggest you furnish that to the committee and we will forward it to Mr. Ellsworth, if necessary, or he can have access to it when he returns. With that we will close the testimony on these items except for any additional questions by Mr. Ellsworth. Mr. Ellsworth. I want to make the statement frankly now that this committee need not expect to be furnished any statement really showing that thing. I have been trying to get it for five years. We have gone through this same fiasco five times. If you furnish it that will dispute my statement effectively. Mr. Meritt. If we do not furnish this committee with a statement showing the expenditure of every dollar of funds that we have expended the last fiscal year, I will not ask for a dollar of appro- priations from the Chippewa funds. Mr. Ellsworth. From the House committee. 294 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Meritt, Either from the House committee or the Senate :, committee. Mr. Ellsworth. I have heard that statement made before from the House committee, but it has gotten in in the Senate committee.' This item has been put entirely out in the House twice, if not three times. This matter, I think, is one of the most important in Indian affairs, and it involves a principle. You will find that you will never be able to find a justification for the ?145,000 item: you will find that they can not justify the 870,000 item: you will find that you will never be able to get any statement made or a report from the Indian Bureau that will justify a single dollar of this expense. It is the most extravagant, pure, unadulterated encroachment on the affairs, of that tribe of Indians just simjily for administrative expenses ])y the bureau that I believe exists under this Government to-day. It is a purel}'^ administrative expense, every dollar of it, and if those thin|^ are true, if there is any possible justification for it now, there is cer- tainlv no reason whv it should have been reduced from SI 85,000 to 860,000, if the 8185,000 seemed as necessary then as the 860,000 now. Mr. Dempsey. In that connection, the bureau is retlucing appropri- ations all along the line and diminishing its activities throughout the Indian country. Mr. Ellsworth. I have heard that story before and we have fought this matter over before, in the committee and in the House, and it nt been met with the most stubborn kind of resistance to get the appropriations down. Instead of going down they W(»nt up at one time. Five years ago they made it 820,000 more than the year ])efore. There has never been any movement there to reduce appropriation> and agency expenses: agency expenses have increased as the ITu^ian^ have become more civilized. There is absolutely no need now for n sintrle dollar of this expenditure. I am willing to take the respon- sibility, so far as the 12,000 Chippewa Indians in Minnesota are con- cerned, to say there will not be a bit of hardship endured; there wil not be a single bit of educational facilities that will not be ah'ordeti them if every dollar of this is wnped out, because I know they are noi using that for school purposes and indigent Indians, outside of what they pav out of that 875,000. Mr. 'I ixKiLAM. Are there any vouchers for these amounts^ Mr. Ellsworth. I hop(» there are, but for five years I have beer trying to get an accounting of that fund and have not been able t< do it to this day. Mr. TiNKHAM. Have you tried to get voucIumn for this ami Ix'ei unable to do so? Mr. Ellsworth. To a person who comes in on this hearing it i; rather misleading. There are two distinct funds. My contention i: not that they must account for tl\e 870,000 to justify this particulai item, but that another $75,000 of expenditure for schools must firs be accounterl for out of the one-fourth of the interest fund on th< principal fuiul, before this can he taUeti out of the principal fund. Mr. TiNKU.VM. It is a (|U(>stion of deterniiuing th.at. Mr. ELLswoirrn. That is my contention. Mr. I'J.s'roN. I think we uudei-staiid Nour contenticMi and we wil get these figures in the record, and then 1 think you will he had before the bill is made up. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 295 In answer to the statement of Mr. Ellsworth that we had not been fumishmg information to Congress on this subject, I wish to hivite |he attention of the committee to reports tliat liave })een furnished Id Congress m regard to the expenditure of the Chi})pewa funds, as Required by the act of May 18, 1916, 39 Stat., 123, 135. These reports will be found in House Document No. 399, Sixty-fifth Con- gress, second session; House Document No. 1493, Sixty-fifth Congress, lird session; and House Document No. 384, Sixty-sixth Congress, Second session. We have also submitted to Congress this year, as required by law, a report showing the expenditure of this fund duruig iihe last fiscal year, and inasmuch as it has been claimed that this iformation has not been furnished to Congress and as these reports ire short I would like to have them go into the record at this time. Mr. Elston. If there is no objection, they will go into the record it this place. (The reports referred to are as follows:) 296 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. < E- O CO H Z O 00 Hi Si; M < H O to O iz; n P4 , H cc u » > t-4 Eh < Eh m Z H H M 09 Hi Q H Z tf H e^ h H O r> TO "2 >- CO o CO .f^ 2 =4 OD ^§ O >H o <» -c . b -^ TO CO z ■< h-l £3 W Z >-l OS ^ e :^ "^ ^o u e ^ *^ 5>j .o "e •-1 tn e ^ S bc a, • fe .a-^i- u -c2 J3 O'^ «r ^^ t«> <«o >i -§55 §2? <3 6 SS »**a « 1 3 a) a 3 P O ^ i^ >H • Oi l-H k e 'U Si •"^J s 00 I. i I 5 o O 3 CO Qi =: c ofi = OS'S C ^ »- c; flS <-—>■— t-O OS - = c° OS -^ > o 5-S S O— o C; (B e. '• S £3 C J -■§2 03 0) •I a3i! 3 M &C rsf cc 5.:; «'3 £ e< 4^ C. ««£§• tn 3 3 fe 5 '^ b. O O Q. H p--:3 3 »3 a. I- 3 So a- -a— c ea o c — r:.;t~- — -H — 00 m -t -i «— u; ;o -Hh-oor- ■«' act* 3 = 36 3 s St^ r^ I-. f< -r -^ fJ C -O -" •■'5 »- S M 8Q h-^ IN — -C 3: O ao « 00 C^ C* ^ •— -H CO irt ••T f CO *C -H -. •* -j; — cj 3 « ■C — O h^ « -3 cc o — — tc c; CI re 55 r^ c -^ »c -H re N X -H o « •«• "5 « .C 00 O » i "T Cg i-H W3 CO 00 00 OO ef «o"pfoc' d o oT oo e^oo co^-^» • 00 :25 ■"TOO no: }» •» <-< Ol SB tn t» -• 1^ -H c^ X « 1.0 ce oo t>- t- •• CO * >-0 t^ i-o o» t^ >n — — -o-ocui oc 00 >o »c r* ».o »o "^ «?5 o X 00 o> ^f -.i pi uf n 00 cc" s 8S2SRg g::8S3S t.% o c o § . o o o zn g 35 c 3 S be? Si .2 J C3 o ls7- |5S o S "I '"- 5 ^ ~< :iS x: =;£i-=cr. ^ A X -^ = 2*" •- o— ■ o*j g ^ ■til' •-•g^=ri ^ =»X c £ cs^ — ~ rsss o n a 2 = =i h:o> c 3 C "0 O o C C3 B S 298 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. ■»-i S CM •to o 00 s ^ s . ^9 I- « ~ .s I.. 1 CO - f^ - X X 1 - ^ J : 1 r-i-r:O3:«'^0i i-rt «■ C: -r -r m' si c: :0 Cs M "3 T ;c -.r; -c TC Cf 1 - -0 :c r^ .1 — OX-T— l-M C-. 1- o i£xr.^^^-T — s^^ =r=" f-" «» C>l — • -r — -«• rj- c -r C^ -i. « ^r ^-"^ 1^ '-"^ 31 •.•7 ut Cl "5 :S n='5 O 3 ^ re X ^ m" • -J* 5 j2 .2 '^ t^ ^ 5 •» t^ ■^ M i I- tsa g — -' CJ CM 1 ilL'O'— ' 73 OiC^ClO o« '"5 t^ — C-l 1--5 -; ri -i « 1^0 35 -i Tin ^ c_i- o _.-t; ~ X M — -> — , irj ^ if -r -r -35 -r r? X tiC — '" it C3 --^ *«s^=5; S "^ sg~ "O , ^ C 1^ »?5 I^ tf5 -«■ ^^ OC-ll-iO . ^ .0 X ~ ^ * — ™ 'S --6 \^^ ^3 t-^ -T C-i ■* =^l§nl^ fe"-^" ;0 ^M — « — * c« ".5 "" in 00 U5 X »o S 06 S8 ^ c< 30 At|--ici gn:.-^ ?5S x 5 i :; £ 2 So. -;«=■ « tn ■^ -s i^i^io a> or i~ V ffl 1^ » too Sa &--"§ f23 ^s 0* CO --^i^ S^ CO 33 — »M l~ -1 c- S '^ C<5 0pi CO X OC<5 P3 =^- ^'<^ '.2S s ca e-T asi CO Oc-5 SS 32 a?S? IC 1-4 1 -^ X ir~ 'r Lr tS5 •^ C^ r-l^ •r — it^ re •-I -T fl- «5p, m oe' ca » O3CO-OOjC§30 ss em- loyet e-i -f w a JJMC< OTM ;^«2 g"s 2 1 s •». c V ej M ^ e) • M I ^ a< 09 C c U. c -: /; 1 25 e ta4 1 C50 -!• ^i ■■; r: 5 r; X -o •■: «>» >.- o •-■: ^^ * i-; -r cv -r r: -* — r*0 — X Cm"c^4 ^- 1^ — rc o O P •< 3 H c •< U u *C1 c. a n • « c wr !- 81 .2 H ■'^ — •e 3 — "o 2 J' cj g..i: o 2 a c irTi-" oo> .2.2 ca 99 *3'aJ •WO •OT3 B B 99 99 ■•Sb o k IXDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 299 CO < o z CS Co cj CO o =3-1 -J : S , C S-. C S c o c -c Cm -s V q; .^ <1 --* — ^ &4 rt c3 ' 2 - « -^^ lO^ T o CI c3 o - DO ■ Cf oc i: CO O ^ 00 1= C ^ c3 -I- OQ .. .-^ c -fl b a" 2 ^ z z '^ IE o. C^ X b c 0. — c S So c a oj O ^ j2^ C c3 o c .2 :^ O'B O Oi Co C3 . ^ 3 ^ a c. C3 ?3 S — p S 3 M c *^ " i 03 _: 03 ■ g- ■; e^) 3-. 1 - o « zn « ;^ ■ ■ 23 (NO <^ ts •:3 S c « .2 O o =S O 03 O — v. 3 - c3 C I-; > S h 03 °~ >- - r Ceo t^^ 03 ^• o !£ 5 P! 3 So 1 r-^ C3 -^- S 03 3 = eo"o' p. » k; S > ® M 03 tc S fc- c^ O (§ 03 cj y: o -r^ -^ " I - y: o — 7C i-T '^ or: ci '^ (N r-* ~ — O -T- tc c^ i~ -^ -^ X cs I- .-" Oi c tc ^ T 1^ CC Ci t- C o: C-J ic cs — — cn c; *o ^ ^- O X C; I - 3 -^ -r (N -r 1^ ic 1— I .— c^ — *-c re !C 1— ' ■^ rt c^ c: — :c !x; '^ Q '-C *c C CscO!J:cercc:it'-Sc^O o — KM ^ I- c^t o (- iM rc X CO cc X' i-t X ro tc o cr. o cc C0-^CCiX:C:0iO0ix.-cCcO ef ^ t-'f cf-^ccTcTi-' c 9& .-I C^ i- I- CC -r i:C X rr rr oi t' X w Ci X ro CO X ^cO O X o C^ €^ (N CO T ro CO ro »o oi X .— < CO ^H iC C5 o Si o7= c:?;-?: to a. d o vj 03 a 3 ■a 0^ XS a 03 Ci ^ C ^ '" o — — ^^— a -5 :3:3^ 3oo»j ^U — r; o o *^ ^ ^ t- H^ • o 300 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 5~ O I I. lO , — , 00 4 1 ft. si C 3 o 6,060.18 866.66 11,7.38.33 4,136.54 12,032.90 20,122.59 i I,. we. 70 486.25 1,300.00 6,029.35 1,000.00 SI . 2 I ! 1 Per capita and pro rata pay- ments in Indians. i Repair and rents of huild- 1 Kquip- ment nd tiiis- coilane- ous ma- terial. o CM s 1 ig is o • 1 It Medical, educa- tional, station- ery, and oflice supplies. \ ] H I'Miel. lu- bricants, and power and light .■iervie. I] : 1] o 1 1 i[ Sulisist- enco and clothing. 1 j 'Trans- portation of SUJ)- plies. 1 Travel- ing ex- penses. • Salaries, wages, etc. oitox ooot- S :3 4, 136. ,54 12,032.90 20,122.59 1,549.50 486.25 1,300.00 6,999.35 O •n : Chippeira in Minnesota fund, employees. ($60,000 authorized in the act of Mar. 2, 1917 (39 Stats. L.,978;.) V ond du Lac .\eencv > u u a « p C e > i a t 5. a M a -3 s ■y o C ,3 > •« u --• k. a U u 2 it D Chipjtetra in Minnesota fund, roads. ($10,000 authorized in the act of Mar. 2, 1917 (39 8UU. L., 978;.) Kond du Lae Agency u c s o 1 > O 2 >, c b is 1 1 1 ? le 1 - 1^ 1 i i. 1 S S is I I INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 301 CO o r^ CD CI I 00 oC'io i ro CO I— I "OOQ— 'GOOOt^-f'-SOO -« O CI I- "T rr 0*1 co oc r^ cc Oi i-t -** o T-H o 5 CO 10 cc t^ rC CS O »C' t^ -^ O "^ C^ »0 (N »-H CO Oi (M 01 ococcr^^H^HGOi— ' ^C^TcN 05 CO CC 03 03 1^ .si "c Z; •rf CI cS-' M s ^i e S is 03 O o oi'*; o o C3 ^ o .- c 5* Q * fi <^ 1^ c S a. ■S- •5 •S- ; s^ - O-S g =^ 3 T" j~^ ^- fcrf G^ 0* OJ c^ o ■Mi: c3cz; Oi o o Eh S5_ ^i 03 +a O ■*-> c 03 03 302 INDIAN N APPROPRIATION BILL, 1022. . , .^?o t^ i S £ ^ '' ^ " — '~ '^^. ^^ ^ i: 2 2i 3 ?: S ** - s >» cs P. C3 'p. OS u e 3 o E a ■o ■8°- ■.oo o o o ■ 03 03-" .c •8 .s.SSc o i^^ H ^ _ ■'^'Z'ZZ -r. ■^ Q *- C5 t- ~ °. i' C C * ^ •8 I tig 2 2^^ 3 3 3 3 S2.::'- "^03030953222 s sill? I I C C C 3 C C G.S ce a « X o p< 3 p< "o o fi u t3 3 03 •a 3 a 3 P. P. 2 c o c. 3. 3 a «^ca?3«i«ag ^ o INDIAX APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1022. 303 H O Q iZ D 'a z 'a •« o C5 TJ C ,^3 fl: fe'-l c - rt O H CO C 4) c fl pfl « > S^ CO e3 O -♦^ OQ CO.S 5^ HO Q < m ct C3 >< c Pf ^^ -fc- o c a .,= ;S C -"^ a. r- O c c. ~ c C o a. , . r- a; ■^ CO o 0-. o an oc e :^ 05 > s HO >^ <; <» S HO fe St, c •o H •w U £f < •s K Cm W !^ ^ ec 5r C H- • cT Q HO U o tS3 S fi « s O a oo ^ § s 'C Ts t2 •^ e© r< ^ S « ^ , O «, •- — N ^ "50 C -« *-i D O -- =»?? « -^ '^,!5 > cc G 2 ^--v y. »-o c-i >«' rO ^^ > < > r- •«o ' ' F- g > z O c; 0^ t— 1 b H w 5^ O o '^ »-«.» cs ^-' r^ a; P ^ z O 40 - [a s o 03 Z Z s z OC ■« X 1^ cs 1- •w- e- ir -,c c .-* ^« c -r cc — oc -j: -" 1 - 'i = ■-: c Ci- -T 1 - ts c = ci c; e^ 1- -1- re -^ c^ ci ci -J^ — d -y ^ cc re X o -^ c^ c. -^ -^ :^ G5 c-j t.t oc X lo lo >o c: tc ci ^ ;o "f: ce o >2 K t--3.i -•c s =.5 i -^-i. ■^ c: ^ C X !six = -^ ^ TO X .^ .h cS • PS X (N 02 t^ i>^ ci ci ^ oi *o CO t-: to X tS M ro TO ^ X TO t-*; te «^^H »o Ci = — C3 o i-< ^ C ^ c ,::; xu:— ixciM = C5 = wc~< X ^".-^ t35 TO -r X o CI i~: L-i :/:' c£ tr. ~ <0 — 35 d — r-l to ::.c. 5 ., ^ scOi'-Ht^wi-TrciX — c^ X a. t- o> cc-c^: 2 &■ ~ I - -< L- rt -c —c — ro t^ W-§25- «fe rt" --- tcT t^xi25X>--;cjc--Q« 1^1^ ^ in i ^ t^3: CO X _r5 ^ iO •-•: r- ^ --C fc l^ X ClI^ :C S ^(Mc^c^c;^— ''-'^•5'TOcc cq ccroc; ■^cc'-'^ic-^coc r^ -^TO TO ^ -s -^ -^ jx:^ M rt M TO !NC: i-'^ M i-e t^ 01 -H ; ffi X ^♦^ ^H r- »n ci Tt^ a> ■^ ^ TO TO « -^ W TO^tC ^^ tc ■^ o CO d MTO 1 -*^ iS'-'^^ oc C3 »« 00 T-< 1^ ^ IN . — C7 X ^ »C ^ O ■*s ■* 0>(N ■ >^ — I-Cn (£> ^ fe — ~ • c-T-H ^H ^^ i-H C^ ^■g ti XX— •rC5>0-*X(N-*0 "t-.O; :0 ci^c--<- — TOarTOC-^M 01 ^^ X C2 r-I c; ci o ^ x' x' t-I c: c d XL':- M si "^ "2 t-C ut C^ T 1- -^ TO •-- LT C^ TO t ~ S" r— ?* .^ C3TOTO = — TOTOC-. f-^-^ X TO C5 ^ Si; g"c^- ^- -^- --X M^x'rf .2 5 •" J= ^ 2 S :^ X -r o Lt TO ri — — ' '^ c:: c^ XC^XTO-T~ — TO — — -^ —.XX L.~ Lt — — C'i TO c; ;c c: — i^ c— ^TOXTO '- --C ■■£ r^ rt >-,.™ '^ '^ *? o —" e¥ rr — . (N -^ ^ ;s c-ioi :s e^ -<-» t-' I- ■— :? ?^ '— tC" a^ =-=. = -'- S •^ gSiS i2 1^2 X 0: TO TOO t^ (MTO 10 03 l^i! ^-3 'i:: TOd tT cj dd -a" TO g§-^ E • C4 lo ^ X I— t »-H ^•22 l^ 1 O 1 • cq »o ■ X* d oJ --0 X to CO X ^ o c - • S of ■^ ^— .s£ X C: o OCX »C TO ■* — X lO »o »o t~I^Tf TOO or^L-tt^ X t-^ -H 4C — iC x' c^x' L-i dd X t^ (Mt^ ^ ^2 ^ ",^ TOO. X 1—1 e^ — :c TO l~- ^ in cJ E- - .,- ,"- X •—I I" t X ^ "* 1 _ _ „ o •0 »o c t-o cq |s- w O 5 :0 Ot^iO to •*c-j 1-1 10 00 oi ■riiji'C d h tjc ^< ^ CO 2; 1^ ■^ X N ^TO c3 ^"t:* to" 1^ TO* •* -i-O: t~ — *"• |S ' c_ >;_ . ^ > V ^ >,v _ §1^1 = 2 £ > c. c 2 - sfS S=i£||3||||||||.i " -5 c^ "5 S 5^ 5 1 ^ c c c 2 •c c Pi > 1 ^ ^ a, 3 p. <— » o a o - o* ;r! 1^ CI ^ o c <^ > 1-^ ^^ •8 -^ ^s 4 is >o X C HU ZC ■S t)0 OS *s wi^ OS W k. -t; « ij ^ CO EC < 09 'ftL c 25 !3 »^ u. CO ^ H 1 c 1 u )M a. 1-1 VkJ x; >, I-' .•i; 1 !5 a. ^ eo cT ■3 li : 1 Per capita and pro rata pay- ments to Indians. 1 Repair and rent of liiiild- ings. 1 Equip- ment and rais- (^llano- ous ma- terial. Fuel, lu- bricants, etc. Forage. Station- cry and printing and med- ical and school- room supplies. — Telegraph and tele- phone service. Trans- portation of sup- plies. > C Salaries, wages, etc. 1 •g 1 C (i. O CO <: « z z d. »— < o $906. 26 96.50 1,372.68 438.99 1,755.8.5 2,651.43 t : 1 1 1 ' 1 i 1 I 1 i « J 3 1 (J c Si -<; tx c £ M > U c B St z '=2 c Si 1 CO i a is 1.- cs o 1 1 1 1 C o z »— 4 C o OS Z < c z t— I Si CO CO s- o o Q Z <; .J O CO » < o en U z z s z OQ s s « :— 1 -< • ie is < s z cc z K 0. o z Z 1 c cc Z z z ii s S 5 e QC , — - '.- - ■X, 1 ( 1 , 1 i s 2 7 , s 4» it <£ 11 — « INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 305 i t 1 $3,280.16 1— 1 ec ■ — I $850.00 $1,430.10 I 2 C "a J MO »o -^ O • o o $143.07 130. 60 65.30 914.20 1 c s ID 03 a § M : c > i-H ^ z c 2; o CO w w C-l Oi c 1 r- 1-lC^GO-^C^'^'MOiO' e»cs Tt*^ -< ^ cc ira ic • -"ti 1 a c^ ■ CC a 01 o« o ooo c ^. c 1^ S C O ti 'C ?i T m 00 -i' o iri r~^ S ■^ -1* ano I-- •-!? r 05 Z 05 OC GC' cc o£ CC 00 o ic (M o i~: 33 l> 00 (N fO i— C^ r' S^ *"* CV evi t'- '• lO -o o CM Ol '"^ '00 ■ CO 00 ■ f- •^ ai * cj • lo »c c r^ CO ■ 'O • 00 CT e^ '{N ; C !© ^ C^ ^ CO o c^ iT ,_, 55 to O lO ^ coc •^ CO o ■^ t— CO O O". o tr .-J ^c^c^os^ ^ I- 5 oo" O 0 -^ ^ oc CO lO CQ h- te 00 ^ 1-1 '* ocnoi CJ 2H -T »0 CO C3i c cs •* r.^ ifi CO r-* CO cs X »§ C^J CN CO ^ ^ IT 00 COrt t- Oi lO o >^ lO coco CC CO e© CO o Ic »o (M cs 1— 1 (N cs t^ m 00 CO CO V. i^ tr~ IC CO CO r-^ 4F, 00 00 O (^ ": lO l~CO CM CM ■ rr" — ^ a t^ rt tc '-^ CT i5 ^ .— 1 1-H ct t^ o -^ '-0 o en »r (7 t-* ^ ,_H t^ t— O O 1— < C- C" 1-H OfNOiiOiO-^trJo c- ss ooooaiL'^oo-t^'^'-H 00 lO CO TjH lO t- o --0 t- C^ ^crcsri-T'-^^o'i-t oi 15 " ^r & c 03 W •1-1 c OO^OcpOicO«(^ "-'OI^OOO'HCO OlQC^rH-ftCCCCM o h-l e , 03 O. 03 *^ 'p. OS u O s o p. t-l 3 P. o 43 a <3 ft ft 2 o a o -gs ^ ."^ CO O > CO CO w ^ ,.^ „ ca.o d c te 0.2 S 1S13 ft o._ o P.-3 ft •3 ° g-03 C!2 a> CO 6t-- "O CO 03 c "^^ a go M<^ rt ° i1 i- act. 3-s 2 3 o » 5 S T3 c ft X I t- o Z 26630—21- -20 306 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. o: ci C^-ji •2 2 5 t~ n t--i ^. -"» o a -r a -r etc C-l 1- ci CM -> C) ■■- P4 C t<5 ft - - - « i X r< X T r: -r to r- ! t-: ;c' to' to — n ^: ff 1 -T — cx i eTcM'cM-'w - td i: X = X ill x-r-*M 3 X g S ' if^ »C Cfl Q • CN 1- X 2 1 c< «■ -^ c • cc r: CM t~ — 9* 1 n S X Mr 2S 1 ll •a •= " o o 5 - ~ V. O I^ 00 -^ •* -^ CO 5S s CO II CO 05 -S?! Fuel, lubri- cants, and power and liK'ht service. «2, 160. 56 19.00 1,448.78 SK§§ » >--: -H I.-5 C: -^ ^ ^ cm" 09 b£ i 03 .a <; as H 2 I "5 o < > u c 1 c ||| i §'S i INDIAN APPROPIUATIOX BILL, \\rl2. 307 ■• o a s Oi re -vT -. -^ CJ O: n ■r: ri -*-^ +J -fl f^ o o a Hia 308 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Si o Total. ?3 ,1 3 1 -r « i^ — ' -re 1 Mis- cella- neous. 1 «= ! ^ I'er capita and pro- rata pa\- ments to Indians. $130.60 261.20 130. 60 4,179.20 ^' II 'A^'<^ :S 1* Re- pairs of build- ings. ! sgss Kquip- inent and mis- cella- neous material. 1 g 1- '^ ut 1* ».•: (iO si- s g » Med- ical sup- plies. $177.11 22.64 "3.' 66' in Fuel, lu- bricants, and pow- er and light service. li 1 1 2, 152. 36 3.35 652.00 co" 05 C i! ii 1 S f=Sg CC goods, clothing, etc. 1 •- 3,494.40 7.00 471.59 g OS Subsist- ence supplies. J431.64 35. 88 5,274.21 85. 19 49.98 in Stationery, nrinlinsr, bindine, and school- room sup- plies. I - li » 1, il Trans- porta- tion of sup- plies. s s i Trav- eling ex- pcnse.s. 3 8S?S? g 2 Ma '6 03 'fi S 1(5 So rt " c c i. it 1 .3 C a 1 Interest on Chippewa in Minnesota fund: ' Fond dii lAe . 81 IT C 1 > « 5 H S55 o s ■i s 03 s o o .a u to C o o p. kl 3 P. o •g 3 a :S c o ? •o a 3 *a S-- 2 3 o - C3 O M « a 09 o p. p. 3 o a o a u s. ■< u H o cc r; t- "^ o ~; i~ i.-f I- r^ ^ I- CO -r ^ N -r III O y 5t S C " .i|8 - M « icUSa-J i IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 309 I I Mr. Meritt. In addition to this information wp havo furnished to jhe Congress in the various hearings on the Indian bill each year considerable information. For example, you will find in the hearings lefore the Indian appropriation committee of the House on Decem- oer 4 to 11, 1918, beginning with page 407, a detailed report on ?xpenditures in the Chippewa country. It goes from page 407 to 122. Also before the House Indian committee during this last year we have had extensive hearings on the entire Chippewa situation, md that may be found in the hearings, entitled "Chippewas in Minnesota," consisting of 431 pages. I might add that there is lardly an Indian tribe in the country that has had more publicity luring the last few years and about which more information has been urnished to Congress. The office is now preparing a detailed state- raent as to the expenditure of both the admistrative funds and the ichool fund, in addition to the regular statement that we furnish L^ongress, and I would like to have permission to place that in the record when it is finished. It will be prepared within the next day )r two. Mr. Elston. That may go in. (The statement referred to is as follows:) Statement of Expenditures for the Fiscal Year 1920, From the Tribal Funds of the Chippewa Indians of Minnesota, as Required by the Act of May 18, 1916 i39 Stats. L., 135). [Chippewa in Minnesota fund, $100,000. authcrized in tlie act of June 30, 1919 (41 .Stat. L, 14 ).] FOND DU LAC AGENCY. Analysis of expenditures. Salaries, wages, etc $8, 721. 67 FraveliDa: expenses 315. 7.8 Fransportation of supplies , . 183. 37 Felegraph and telephone ser\dce 164. 26 5tationer>', printing, schoolroom supplies 9. 13 Subsistence supplies 4, 308. 36 Drv goods, clothing, etc 35. 20 Forage 972. 49 Puel, lubricants, power and light ser\dce 2, 160. 56 Vf edical supplies, etc 589. 56 Equipment and miscellaneous material 368. 16 Miscellaneous 425. 83 Total 18,254.37 ["Chippewa in Minnesota fund" (Increase in Compensation).) FOND DU LAC AGENCY. Analysis of expenditures. Salaries, wages, etc $2, 417. 38 ["Chippewa in Minnesota fund" Roads, $20,000 authorized in Act of June 30, 1919 (41 Stat. L. 15).] FOND DU LAC AGENCY'. Analysis of expenditures. .Salaries, wages, etc $8. 386. 00 lEquipment and miscellaneous material 267. 48 I 8, 653. 48 310 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. i [''Chippewa in Minnefota fund" Homes for Indians, $60,000 authorized in act of June 30, 1919 (41 StiF L. 15;. FOND DU LAC AGENCY. Analysis of expenditures. Micellaneous building material and purchase of homeq for Indians $29. 152. 00 Salaries and wages constructing homes for Indians 10, 325. Q- Total 39. 477. ( [Chippewa in Minnesota fund, per capita payments.] FOND DU LAC AGENCY. Analysis of expenditures. Per capita and pro rata payments to Indians $130 fit)' [Chippcwas in Minnesota fund, $100,000, authorized in the act of June 30, 1919 (41 Stat. L. 14).) FOND DU LAC SCHOOLS. Analysis of expenditures. Traveling expenses $(55. 66 Telegraph and telephone service. . .• 3. 25 Subsistence supplies Ki. 77 Dry goods, clothing, etc 44. 87' Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 19. 00 Medical supplies, etc 40. 68 Repair of buildings 8. 96 Total 199. is [Chippewa in Minnesota fund, $100,000, authorized in the act of June 30, 1919 (41 Stat. L. 14).J LEECH LAKE AGENCY. Analysis of expenditures. Salaries, wages, etc $8. 83 1 . 8.> Traveling expenses 1, 3-!S. 84 Transportation of supplies 298. 47 Telegraph and telephone service 51.11 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 12."v (U Subfistence supplies 1, i"S>^ "> Dry goods, clothing, etc 1 1 ' ^ Forage 7L' Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 1.4-1> ^>^ Medical supplies, etc ( 81 Ts F)({uipment and miscellaneous material 93ti ;'.l Miscellaneous 80. oO Total 10. 234.4? [Chippewa in Minnesota fund (increase in compensation). 1 LEECH LAKK AGENCY. Analysis of expaiditures. iBalaries, wages, etc $2, 020. 4. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 311 [Chippewa in Minnesota fund, roads, S20,000, act of June 30, 1919 (41 Stat. L., 15).] LEECH LAKE AGENCY. Analysis of expenditures . |Salaries, wages, etc $7^ 372. 00 Traveling expenses 4. 00 Equipment and miscellaneous material 119. 50 Total 7, 495. 50 [Chippewa in Minnesota fund, logging operations, act of June 27, 1902 (32 Stat. L., 400).] l^i LEECH LAKE AGENCY. Analysis of expenditures. Salaries, wages, etc $2, 400. 00 [Chippewa in Minnesota fund, per capita payments.) LEECH LAKE AGENCY. Analysis of expenditures. jPer capita and pro rata payments to Indians $261. 20 [Chippewa in Minnesota fund, $100,000, authorized in the act of June .31, 1919 (41 Stat. L., 14).] LEECH LAKE SCHOOLS. Analysis of expenditures. Salaries, wages, etc $501. 53 Traveling expenses 14. 28 jTelegi'aph and telephone service 5. 55 Subsistence supplies 4. 73 Total 526. 09 [C;iippeyain Minnesota fund, $100,000 authorized in the act of June 30, 1919 (41 Stat. L. 14).] RED LAKE. • Analysis of expenditures . Salaries, wages, etc $6, 536. 51 Traveling expenses 52. 51 Transportation of supplies 213. 07 Telegraph and telephone service 5. 42 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 13. 64 Subsistence supj^lies 1, 238. 62 Dry goods, clothing, etc 113. 26 Forage 62. 10 Fuel, lul:)ricants, power and light ser^^.ce 796. 63 Medical supplies, etc 856. 99 Equipment and miscellaneous material 669. 71 Repair of buildings 15. 50 Miscellaneous 662. 25 Total 11, 236. 21 [Chippewa in Minnesota fund (increase in compensation).] RED LAKE AGENCY. Analysis of expenditures. Salaries, wages, etc $2, 036. 68 312 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BELL, 1922. [Chippewa in Minnesota fund (per capita payments).] RED LAKE. Analysis of expenditures. Per capita and prorata payments to Indians . -^IIM)' [Chippewa in Minnesota fund, $100,000; authorized in the act of June M\. lyly i,4i Mat. i,., U.'.j RED LAKE SCHOOLS. Analysis of expenditures. Traveling expenses ^-' ^i Telegraph and telephone service I ''- • Subsistence supplies 2!'^ - Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 24 Equipment and miscellaneous material • Repair of building ok. uo Miscellaneous (education and care of pupils, $8,100) 8, 333. 75 * Total 9, 032. 82 [Chippewa in Minnesota fund, S100,000: authorized in the act of June 30. 1919 (41 Stat. I.., U).] {, WHITE EARTH AGENCY. Analysis of expenditures. Salaries, wages, etc $1<), 420. K Traveling expenses 1 . 859. 49 Transportation of supplies 996^ Telegraph and telephone service OS-v Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 38. 82 Subsistence supplies 5, 667. S6 Dry goods, clothing, etc 441.96 Forage 994.38 Fuel, lubricant, power and light service 2. 811 Medical supplies, etc ^IS. 51 Equipment and miscellaneous material 1 , 198. 74 Miscellaneous '. 271. 82 Total •. . . 31, 347. 79 [Chippewa in Minnesota fund (iucrcasc in compensation).) WHITE EARTH AGENCY. Analysis of expenditures . Salaries, wages, etc $4. 896. 81 [Chippewa in Minnesota fund, roads, $20,000 authorized in act of June 30, 1919 (41 Stat. L., 15).) WHITE EARTH AGENCY. Analysis of expenditures. Salaries, wages, etc $3, 304. 4^ [Chippewa in Minnesota fund, per capita payments.) WHITE EARTH AGENCY. Analysis of expenditures. Per capita and pro rata payments to Indians $4 1 7!) 2f Ti INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 313 Chippewa in Minnesota fund, purchase of land for homeless Mille Lacs, $40,000 in act of Auc. 1, 1914 (38 Stat. L., 591).] WHITE EARTH AGENCY. Analysis of expenditures. Tome for Indians $235. 00 (Chippewa in Minnesota fund, $100,000 authorized in the act of Jure 30, 1919 (41 Ptat. I-., 14).) WHITE EARTH SCHOOL. Analysis of expenditures . raveling expenses $25. 23 orage. '.' 104. 00 uel, lubricants, power, and light service 15. 95 edical supplies, etc 35. 21 iscellaneous (e(lucation and care of pupils, $9,720) 9, 720. 00 Total 9, 900. 39 ( Interest on Chippewa in Minnesota fund.] FOND DU LAC SCHOOL. Analysis of expenditures. alaries, wages, etc $4. 587. 95 raveling expenses 133. 04 ransportation of supplies 2. 50 tationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 1 12. 26 iibsistence supplies 431. 64 ry goods, clothing, etc 224. 07 I orage 11. 19 .el, lubricants, power, and light service 998. 15 ledical supplies, etc 177. 11 ^uipment and miscellaneous material 183. 75 epair of buildings 67. 61 iscellaneous 11. 45 Total school 6, 940. 72 ■er capita and pro rata payments to Indians 37, 233. 60 j Grand total 44, 174. 32 i [Interest on Chippewa in Minnesota fund.] LEECH LAKE SCHOOL. Analysis of expenditures. ilaries, wages, etc Ill) 273. 57 ibsistence supplies 35. 88 [edical supplies, etc 22. 64 iepair of buildings 128. 50 I Total, schools 11, 460. 59 er capita and pro rata payments to Indians 32, 253. 20 Grand total 43, 713. 79 314 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. [Interest on Chippewa in Minnesota fund.] RED LAKE SCHOOL. Analysis of expenditures. Salaries, wages, etc $19, 592. ^' Tia\elinfj expenses 12. Transportation of supplies :" Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies Subsistence supplies 5, 27 4. 'J Dry goods, clothing, etc 3, -I'.M. 4) Forage 1 . 2')'.]. 7' Fuel, lubricants, power ami light .service 2, i')2. 3 Equipment and miscellaneous material 3J,3. 7 Repair of buildings o9. l' Total school 32. " Per capita and pro rata payments to Indians 27, .■»_.>. f> Grand total 60. 062. 4 s [Interest on Chippewa in Minnesota fund.] WHITE EARTH SCHOOL. Analysis of expenditures. ■Salaries, wages, etc $8, 899. ? Traveling expenses L f Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 37^1 Subsistence supplies 49. f Dry goods, clothing, etc 471. •' Forage U. ( Fuel, lubricants, power and light service (i'lj • Equipment and miscellaneous material Iti. - Total school 10. 170. • Per capita and pro rata payments to Indians 127, 745. Grand total T^- "'" [Interest on Chippewa in Minnesota fund.] VERMILLION LAKE SCHOOL. Analysis <>/ expenditures. Salarie.-^, wages, etc $1, 522. Traveling expen.se^ 7. Tran.-^ljortation of supplies Sub.sistence supi)lie.s S"' Dry goods, clothing, etc 7 Forage 11 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service '■'"■ Medical HUj>plie.x, etc H Equipment and mi.-icellaneous material 10.> Repair of buildings IS, Miscellaneous (i. Total . 1 S(M> INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 315 Recapitulation. 'hippewa in Minnesota fund — CiWlization and support: Fond du Lac — A.trency $18, 254. 37 School 199. 13 Leech Lake — Agency 16, 234. 45 $18, 453. 50 Schools. 526.09 Red Lake^ Agency 11, 236. 21 Schools 932. 52 Mission School 8 100. 00 ^Tiite Earth- Agency 31, 347. 79 School 180. 39 Mission School 9, 720. 00 16, 760. 54 20, 268. 73 41,248.18 Total 96, 730. 95 hippewa in Minnesota fund — Increase of compensation: Fond du Lac agency 2, 41 7. 38 Leech Lake agency'. ' 2, 026. 42 Red Lake agency 2, 036. 68 White Earth agency 4, 896. 34 Total 11, 376. 82 hippewa in Minnesota fund — Roads: Fond du Lac agency » 8, 653. 48 Leech Lake agency 7, 495. 50 WTiite Earth agency 3, 304. 48 ' Total 19, 453. 46 Mppewa in Minnesota fund, homes for Indians: Fond du Lac Agency 39, 477. 88 hippewa in Minnesota fund, purchase of land for homeless Mille Lacs: White Earth Agency 235. 00 hippewa in Minnesota fund, logging operations: Leech Lake Agency 2, 400. 00 General supervision (superintendent of logging operations) 7, 045. 47 Total 9, 445. 47 hippewa in Minnesota fund, per capita and pro rata payments to Indians: Fond du Lac Agency 130. 60 Leech Lake Agency 261. 20 , Red Lake Agency 130. 60 : ^Tiite Earth Agency 4. 179. 20 Total 4, 701. 60 hippewa in Minnesota fund, councils and delegations. Interest on Chippeica in Minnesi 7, 856. 40 Ua fund. SchooL Per capita. Total. 4 ond du Lac S6,940.72 11, 460. .59 32,538.66 1,800.38 10, 170. .55 ?37, 233. 60 32,253.20 27, 523. 80 $44,174.32 eechLake 43,713.79 edLake 60,062.46 ennillion Lake. . . 1,800. .-58 Tiite Earth 127, 745. 14 137,91.5.69 Total 62,910.90 224,75.5.74 287,666.64 Grand total ,.«476,944.22. 1 316 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Hastings. Whoii was the last report which you submitte( made? Mr. Mekitt. It was made within the last 15 days. Mr. Hastings. It has not been printed vet? Mr. Meritt. You have the report which we have submitted t Congress, and the committee. I understand, has directed that non of these reports bo printed at this session in order to save money oi printing. Mr. Hastings. Hurried!;, looking over this report, I do not fim any report of expenditures for schools except, for instance, on thi report that • ou have, Fond du Lac schools, S65.66: Leech Lak schools, S14.28; Red Lake schools, S26.80; White Earth schooL S25.23. Mr. Meritt. You will notice, Mr. Hastings, on this table that am reading from, we have a large number of colunms, showing ey actly how much money was expended at each school. For exampl* for salaries and wages we expended so much : for traveling expenst we spent so much, and for transportation of supplies we expende; so much. ! Mr. Hastings. The total shown b- • our report expended at Fon du Lac schools is SlOO.lSr Leech Lake schools, S526.09: Red Lai, schools, $9,032.52, and for White Earth schools, 89,900.39. Mr. Meritt. That is the amount we expended out of the SI 00,0 appropriation allowed for support and civilization. On the ne page ; ou will find the mone; expended from the interest on t Chippewa in Minnesota fund, »iid at the various schools and agenci we indicate the amount that was used for school purposes. Mr. Hastings. I understand from Congressman Ellsworth's ( ri cism that ; ou have not made a report showing the amount expendi exclusivel;, for schools out of an;, of these funds, and. to \n' frai with you, I do not see it from this. Can you point out how 1 c< find out or Mr. Ellsworth or an;, one else can find out how much w expended for schools out of these funds i Mr. Meritt. It is indicated in the anal;, sis of interest on Chippewa in Minnesota fund. For the Fond du Lac school there w expended .'544,174.33, in addition to the amount that was paid c^ from the regular support fund; for the Leech Lake school, S43, 713.1 in addition to the amount expended out of the regular Chippewa fuB Mr. Hastings. The amounts under this item, interest on Chippei in Minnesota fund, were all expended at the schools ( Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; according to section 7 of the act of flaiiui 14, 1889, and in order to make that pei'fectl;. plain, 1 would like read section 7. Part of it is not applicable now , but in order to the whole matter before the committee, I will read from that tion (25 Stat. L., 642), as follows: Sec. 7. That all money accniiiig from the disposal of said lands in conformit; \^ the provisions of this act shall, after deducting all the expenses of making the ■ of ol)taining tlie cession and reliiKiui.shineiit. of making the removal and allot inei and of completing the surveys ami api)raisals. in this act provided, lie placed in Treiusury of tlie I'nited .*>tates to tlie credit of all tlie ("hi])pe\va Indians in tlu- St of Minni!Sola as a permanent fund, which shall draw interest at tlie rate of 5 cent per annum. j)ayal)le annually for the period of 50 years, after the allotm<| provided for in tliis act have Ijccu made, and which interest and permanent ft shall he exj)ended for the l)enelit of said Indians in manner following: (>ne-lial ' said interest shall, during the said period of 50 years, except in the cases hereiu.4tr 4 i INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 317 id iiierwise provided, be annually paid in cash in eaual shares to the heads of families id guardians of orphan minors for their use; and one-fourth of said interest shall, aring the same period and with tlie like exception, Ite annually paid in cash in equal tares per capita to all other classes of said Indians: and the remaining one-fourtn of id interest shall, during the said period of 50 years, under the direction of the _3cretary of the Interior, be devoted exclusively to the establishment and main- Mtijknance of a system of free schools among said Indians, in tlieir midst and for their 3nefit: and at the expiration of the said 50 years, the said permanent fund shall 2 divided and paid to all of said Chippewa Indians and their issue then living, in lah, in equal shares: Provided, That Congress may, in its discretion, from time to me, during the said period of 50 years, appropriate, for the purpose of promoting vilization and self-support among the said Indians, a portion of said principal sum, )t exceeding 5 per cent thereof. The United States shall, for the beneht of said V idians. advance to them as such interest as aforesaid the sum of .$90,000 annually, ™(unting from the time wlien the removal and allotments provided for in this act lall have been made, until such time as said permanent fund, exclusive of the sductions hereinbefore provided for, shall equal or exceed the sum of $3,000,000, SB any actual interest that may in the meantime accrue ^rom accumulations of said armanent fund: the payments of such interest to ])e made yearly in advance, and, the discretion of the Secretary of the Interior, may, as to three-fourths thereof, iring the first 5 years be expended in procuring live stock, teams, farming imple- ejpffl ents, and seed for such of the Indians to the extent of their shares as are fit and ssire to engage in farming, Imt as to the rest, in cash; and whenever said permanent nd shall exceed the sum of $3,000,000 the United States shall be fully reimbursed it of such excess for all the advances of interest made as herein contemplated and her expenses hereunder, »Now, Mr. Chairman, the Government has been reimbursed for all cpenses heretofore advanced to the Chippewa Indians because the rincipal fund has exceeded $3,000,000. They have in the Treasury ; this time approximately S6,000,000. You will note the specific ithority in this section for the use of the Chippewa funds for educa- onal purposes, and it is stated specifically that Congress may have ithority to appropriate Chippewa funds for civilization and support ■ these Indians. Under section 7 of the act of January 14, 1889, e are asking Congress to appropriate §70,000 for the civilization and ipport of the Chippewa Indians, as contemplated by what is known i the Nelson Act. It was contended by. the mixed-blood faction of le Chippewa Indians and contested in the courts that Congress did ive authority to appropriate their funds for this purpose. That igation was dropped, however, after the Supreme Court rendered ■decision on this subject; and I would like to place in the record this Incision of the Supreme Court where it is clearly held that Congress .'is the authority. jMr. Elstox. You might make a reference to the volume and page. Bi;to not believe that Mr. Ellsworth contends that there is wanting '^y authority- in Congress to make an appropriation out of the prin 'pal sum within the limitations prescribed in the treaty. Mr. Meritt. The decision of the Supreme Court of the United es in this case is found in 246 U. S. Reports, 214, and I would l^e to read just one paragraph from that decision, as follows: t seems clear "that civilization and self-support" among the Indians can not promoted effectively by disconnected efforts, but must be accomplished, if at , by definite, permanent plans operating through many years. And in \dew of je long-continued practice of Congi-ess to provide funds for such continuous efforts ■ annual appropriations, the circumstances under which the joint resolution became w, and the studied incorporation therein of the language of former appropriation ts, we think the purpose was to authorize expenditure of $160,000 dming 1916, as ,d been done for 1915. A different construction might have occasioned disruption <, well-ordered arrangements for advancing the Nation's wards, to the great detri- j-arf^^y^nt of all concerned; and to such unfortunate consequences experienced legislators lobably were not oblivious. IllS'il af'n I 318 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Hastings. Upon a close examination of this last report I fin a note at the bottom of it, as follows: Expenditures from interest on Chippewa in Minnesota funds were for school pu poses excepting amounts for per capita payments. Do you show from this report the amounts expended for per capit payments ? Mr. Meritt. The hooding is per capita payments and pro rata pa} ments to Indians. You will notice that amount to be S224,75o.7' Mr. Hastings. Then that should be deducted from this total ( $287,666.64. Mr. Meritt. That is correct. Mr. Elstox. The distribution of per capita payments is under th authority of the tveaty, which stated that a certain propoition t)f tfc into est should bo de\'tHed to that purpose. Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. We are making those distributions accon ing to law. Mr. Hastings. Under the heading of salaries and wages you seej to have paid $45,876.51. Would you say that those sabiries an wages under that column were all for salaries and wages in connectic with the schools ? Mr. Meritt. They were in connection with the schools. Tl! superintendents, of course, had other duties to perform besides supe vising the schools. Mr. Hastings. The point that I am trying to develoj) is th. Congressman Ellsworth stated that from those reports he could n« find how much was expended for schools and how much for oth purposes. In other words, it was not itemized sufTiciently. and, to l frank with you, I could not tell from this report how much was ej ponded for schools and how much for other purposes. i Mr. Meritt. The report could be made more clear, but this is I form of report which has been submitted for a number of years. ( Mr. Elston. This supplemental report you expect to put in whi | you mentioned a few moments ago will supply more detail and '/i\ the information Mr. Hastings wishes. } Mr. Meritt. Realizing that this report is somewhat toclmici to a person that docs not thoroughly understand the Chippewa situf tion, I have directed that reports be prepared showing the expon(4 tures under the school funds and also under the sup])ort fund, so ili there can be no question about the expenditure of their money. Mr. Elston. Mr. Carss, of Minnesota, is here and wishes to heard on this iterh. Monday December 20, 1!)20 STATEMENT OF HON. WILLIAM L. CARSS. A REPRESENTATF IN CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF MINNESOTA. Mr. Carss. I would like to bo lioard witli r(\ixard to tliis appr*)))] tioii of $70, 000 of the priiioipal siuu on dej)o.-;it tt) the oredit oi" ; Chippewa Indians in Minnesota, for tlie j)urposc of education ; civilization of the Indians. INDIAN APPKOPEIATION BILL, 1922. 319 i It is very necessary that we should have, I think, much more than 70,000. I do not believe STO.OOO will be sufficient. I want to call our attention to one acjency school that was discontinued because If insufficient funds. That is the school that is located at Vermilion take. I made a visit to that school, a special trip up there, for the urpose of looking it over. I went through the building from cellar garret, and I have had some experience in the heating business. ^'|.*P understand that there was a recommendation made for the allow- " nee of eight or nine thousand dollars to be made for the purpose of utting in a new heating plant. I made a thorough examination of he plant and, in my judgment. 85,000 woidd rebuild that plant and I [lake the necessary repairs to the building. 1 The building is a good building with a stone foundation and with he exception of a few leaks in the roof the building is in a fair state f preservation. This building has been closed up and left in charge |f a caretaker who is a farmer living near by. There is a great deal j f stock up there, sheep, hogs, cattle, and the whole thing is going to "^ ick and ruin just for the want of an aporopriation. In the mean- me, the children who attended school there, some 135 in number, ave been taken awav and sent over to what is known as the Bois brt Reservation at Xett Lake. If the object of the Government under this act is to educate and [viUze the Indians, it was a mistake to send these children away jack into the wilderness where they never come into contact with ' ■' lie white man. I do not believe you can educate an Indian by put- jng him off in an isolated place where he wiU never come in contact jith the whites to adopt their methods and ways of living. I simply late this as one case to show the importance and necessity of having ..., a. I liberal appropriation. I Mr. Elstox. Are you, from your information and investigation, jitisfied with the course of the bureau in the use of the interest funds ',»r school purposes and the appropriation out of the principal fund |tr the purposes they have been using it for i [Mr. Carss. So far, yes; but I think even the bureau has leaned acksvard in this, in that they have not asked for sufficient amounts Lit of the principal fund. Mr. Elstox. The amounts they get out of the interest fund are jefined by the treaty. 1 Mr. Carss. Yes. i Mr. Elstox. You do not agree that this item of $70,000 should be , ; jropped ? '"'■ Mr. Carss. Absolutely not. I think this item should be carried, would like to see it increased to about SI 00,000. .Mr. Hastixgs. In order to increase civilization and for schools. ■Jill^-'^ his is lor administrative purposes. Mr. Elstox. I understand, Mr. Hastings, that while the 875,000 • interest is to be used for schools and there is a limitation to its use L the act, that there is no limitation under the authority to appro- bate out of the principal sum confining it to any definite purpose, lit simply to support and education of the tribe that part ot the nounts out of the principal fund which Congress may use to supple- ent the interest for school purposes. Mr. Hastixgs. But it is my understanding that this was actually 5ed except that which is mentioned in the proviso for administrative irposes. I may be mistaken about it. .,-,-f 320 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BELL, 1922. Mr. Meritt. Before this appropriation was cut do\\Ti we were usin a considerable portion of this appropriation to supplement the othe interest mone}" for school purposes among the Chippewa Indians. Mr. Hastings. How much was used last year? Mr. Meritt. Out of the $100,000 we used on the Fond du La Reservation for school purposes $199.13: Leech Lake, for school: $526.09; Red Lake, school purposes, $9,032.52: WTiite Earth, fc school purposes, $9,900.39. Mr. Hastings. Those amounts were out of the $100,000 appropr ation ( Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; because the general tribal council up ther insisted that this appropriation should be eliminated from the bil it was finall}- reduced from $185,000 down to $165,000. then t $100,000, and then to $60,000, and we necessarily have had to clos up some of our institutions, to close the schools and the hospitals Mr. Hastings. Then, as a matter of fact, from this reduce appropriation but little could be used for school purposes. Mr. Meritt. That is true, and we will have to cut down oi agency work very materially. Mr. Elston. Have you consulted with other members of th Minnesota deli^ation with regard to their attitude toward this iteiri Mr. Carss. Ihave spoken to a number. Mr. Elston. Mr. Ballinger, attorney for certain interests amon the Chippewas, has submitted to this subcommittee a proj)osf amendment to be inserted at the end of this item, and if there is r objection, I will put in the record at this place the proposed amen< ment with the explanation which he submits. (The statement referred to is as follows:) At the end of page 451 insert the following as a new item: "That the sum of $20,000, or so much thereof as may be necessary, is hereby appi; priated out of the principal fund of the Chippewa Indians of Minnesota arL-sing und section 7 of the agreement of 1889, for the support of the Indian hospitals at Foi du Lac, White Earth and Red Lake, Minn., during the fiscal year ending June 1922: Provided, That the Secretary of the Interior is authorized to, as soon a- pi; ticable, turn over to the proper authorities of the State of Minnesota all buildii . a ecjuipment now or previously used in connection with the Chippewa Indian Ser\ : the use of which is, or may hereafter become, unnecessary in connection with .-. service, conditioned upon said State lirst giving satisfactory assiirances that - property will at all times be maintained and used by said State for public purpi and that the Chippewa Indians shall at all times be admitted to all State in.-*tituti upon the same terms as other citizens of said State." EXPLANATION. There are many valuable buildings formerly used for boarding schools, hospit and agency purposes that are to-day lying idle and rapidly deteriorating wli costing the Indians more than §20,000 per annum for guards, watchmen, etc. Tl ' stands ready to take over these buildings and to use them in connection \\ ; public school system of the State, the public health service of the State, tlu "; orphanage system, and other like pul>Iic service. The transfer of a part of tJi buildings to the public school system of the State will immediately provide pul school facilities for more than half of the Indian children now being edu(ate a request for §74,000, instead of segregating them into two items '. Mr, M RiTT. For the reason that these amounts are for fiscal' year^ prior to this time and we are asking that this appropriation of s7b.(ii ; ' shall be used during the next fiscal year, and this appropriation foi Itasca County is for the purj^ose of meeting obligations already incurred. Mr. Elstox. Do you mean by that you are limited in the use of moneys appropriated in this way to the obligations incurred during the fiscal year for which the appropriation is made, and that you can not pay back funds in any way ? Mr. M RiTT. We would have to have specific authority from Con- gress in order to pay this bill. Mr. Hastixgs. Tiiis would be a specific authority if you put th;.t in ? Mr. Elstox. Do you approve this item? Mr. Meritt. I approve the substitute item. It is very much cheaper for the Government and for the Chippewa Indians to edu- cate the Indian children in the public schools than in the boarding schools, and inasmuch as the public-school authorities have complied with their obligation it seems only fair that it should be paid. Mr. Elstox. You know of this item, Mr. Carss. Mr. Carss. I would like to make a brief statement regarding thi- item. Mr. Hastings, Are you speaking now for the substitute item '. Mr. Carss. Yes. The school board No. 6, of Itasca County. ha< been at considerable expense for educating the Indian wards of the Government, and they estimate that the expenditures for the last three years up to June 30, 1919, inclusive, are So, 200. I went up to that county and made a personal inspection of the conditions there, and I found in one of the scliools tney establislied they pro- vided a means of transportation for the Indian scholars, which the . district assumed, at an expense of S60 a month, in addition to the' other cost of keeping up the school, and due to the low appraised valuation of the lands and property in this district the schot)! board finds itself very much embarrassed for funds. They have already raised the school levy to 69 mills for educational purposes, and that is the limit to which they are iiermitted to go by the law in Minnesota. The people conijirising this district are for the most part settlers who have gone into these cut-over lands en- ^ deavoring to clear them up and make h(mies, and many of them ai'O .. comparatively poor peoj)le. The commissioners find themselves faced with a V(»ry s(>rious proposition here. They will eitlu'r have to dis- continue some of the schools or the Governnu'nt will have to reim- INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 323 [irse them for the amount of expense they have been to. It is fully tural to suppose that the commissioners, the school hoard, if they >e to close any school, will close the Indian school, as there are Ij four Indians in the district who are taxpayers, and in justice to •*^iiiBe people who are taxpayers they will have to close up the Indian 'ini^liools first. I have talked to a great many people in this region, d I find the statements made by Mr. Wolf, who is superintendent schools for district No. 6, are absolutely correct, and unless some- is done the Government will either have to establish schools ire or the Indian scholars will be unable to attend school and get education. So I wish to urge the committee to act favorably on tjis item. I thank you gentlemen for permitting me to appear fcfore you. With the permission of the chairman, I would like to sjbmit for the record a letter from the superintendent of that district. Mr. Elston. If there is no objection, the letter may go in at this pint. ! School District No. 6, Itasca County, j Deer River, Minn., December 17, 1920. EiQ. W. L. Carss, ! Representative Eighth Minnesota District, Washington, D. C. iy Dear Mr. Carss: My delay in responding to your telegrams is due to the fact t]|t I have just returned from an extended conference at the state department in St. ■ have just wired you recommending the sum of $5,200 as an item in the Indian aoropriation bill for reimbursing school district No. 6, of Itasca County, for instruction oljlndian children of one-fourth blood or more during the fiscal years beginning Jiy 1, 1913, and closing June 30, 1920. We consider this a conservative amount for tl 7-year period. I am sure it is less than one-third of the actual expenditures for L'ian children alone during that time. j'his district held contracts with the Indian Bureau for years previous to July 1, l!j3. The contracts for 1912 and 1913 were upon the basis of 48 Indian children. The ol duplicate contracts are still on file at my oflfice. The number of children ed- ujted has gradually increased until it was 59 in 1919, 64 in 1920, and 70 this year. I|iink I am not exaggerating the situation when I state that a factor in this increase h.i been the advantages offered in educating Indian children, which has stimulated icjrest among the Indians in this district. It is interesting to note that in the Novem - b'l reports for this district from 31 rural schools, a school where the entire enroll- mlit is Indian, a per cent of attendance of 91 is reported, and that school had the lajest number of pupils neither absent nor tardy of any school in the district. It is oii of the best decorated schools in the district," and we are getting splendid results tl'-e. 'wo years ago when the influenza epidemic was rampant in this section, there was irthis school district attendance on the part of Indian pupils totaling 4,622 days. Tj,t year the district expended in the four schools, for which contracts T;\ith the Iijian Bureau were asked, a total of $3,477.72. Last year in these same schools th|-e was a total attendance on the part of Indian pupils of 6,418 days. In these •ale schools we last year expended over $4,000. We built and equipped a build- mifor Indians only at Inger. Two of the schools I am citing here are for Indian pi ils only, and a third is nearly three-fourths Indian, while the remaining one is aliat evenlv divided. |t the rate per dav cited in the original correspondence from Mr. Meritt, dating bg< to Februarv. 19i9. these schools for that year had earned Federal aid amounting tO'693.30. At the same rate last vear these schools earned Federal aid for Indian atlndance amounting to $962.78. " This year we have sent for signature contracts ii the Indian Bureau on these four schools. These have been signed and returned le bureau for their signature. The maximum amounts permitted by these con- nb is $1,787.60. The contracts are written at the rate of 20 cents per day. At thi rate these four schools had earned during the past two years Federal aid for Inlian attendance amounting to $2,208. laese figures show that our amount of $5,200 for the seven-year period is a con- ative one. It is based, not on actual expenditure, but on what would have ,'n>t m earned by Federal aid for the period. This is always considerably less than 324 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BELL, 1922. actual expenditure. Nor have we included in this item anything for interest on back payments, which should have been made. With an average of 50 Indians for the seven-year period it can be seen that we have asked approximately $15 per In Han pupil per year. I hope the reasonal)lenes3 of this claim will at once commend itself to the com- mittee, and that you will have no difhculty in getting the item granted. I shall be pleased at any time to give you any additional information desired. No more just claim was ever asked of the Appropriations Committee. I have given you only a meager part of the fact?, which can be offered in support of the extreme reasonabloiieas of this item, ('ommand me at any time. Yoiu's, verv truly, H. E. Wolfe, District Superinlendent Mr. Coffey. I happen to be acquainted with tliat particiiLar sec- ; tion up there. What Mr. Carss has said in rehition to that matter is ^ perfectly true. The school board has established schools amonii: the ^ Indians there. There are a great many Indian children from 20 t( 35 in each of these schools where there are very few wiiite cliild' > and the board is maintaining tliese schools principally for tlie ben. .1; of the Indian children. Tnere is one at Ball Club, 6 miles away, and another one at Jackson School, about 15 miles farther, and one at Inger, 20 miles farther in the interior. Tiie one at Inger is exclu- sively Indians; there are no. wliite children. The one at Ball Club is the same way. The white people have established these sch( !^ and they went into the work there with considerable zeal with the idea of instructing and putting the Indian children on an equal basis there with the white children, and it was a very good idea to. reimburse them for their expenditure there. MISSISSIPPI — FOR UEllEF OF CHOCTAWS. Mr. Elston. The next item is for Indians in Mississippi, page 71 ^ the estimates. > MISSISSIPPI. '" U Sec. 9. For the relief of distress among the full-blood Choctaw Indians of Mi3sis.urcha- ■ land and the construction of necessary buildings, and their equipment, .?:W.OOO: lot the purchase of lands, including improvements thereon, not exceeding eighty n re- fer any one family, for the use and occupancy of said Indians, to be expended un iir conditions to be prescrilied l)y the Secretary of the Interior, for its repayment to :!:> United States under such rules and regulations as he mav direct, $15,000: for Mn piir])Ose of encouraging industry and self-support among said Indians and to aid 1I in in building homes, in the culture of fruits, grains, cotton, and other crops, $10.(KKi which sum may be tised for the purchase of seed, animals, machinery, tools, imple ments, and other equipment necessary, in the discretion of the Secretaryof the Inter ior, to enable said Indians to become self-supporting, to be exjiended under condiiiniu to i)e prescribed bv the siid Seircitary for its repayment to the United States on 01 before June 30, 1925; in all, $65,000. Mr. Meritt. Wo ofTer for the record the following justification: IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 325 RELIEF OF CHOCTAWS IN MISSISSIPPI. seal year ending June 30, 192L- Amount appropriated SG"), 000. UO :-al year ended June 30, 1920: Unexpended balance from 1919 reappropriated 59, 521. 41 Amount expended 39, 598. 03 Unexpended balance 19, 923. 38 Iff ilk 5S ..y Analysis of expenditures. alarie?, wage", etc" $5, 566. 68 avelins: expen:e= 662. 42 ansportation of supplies 260. 55 'elegraph and telephone service 23. 55 ry goods, clothing, etc 88. 05 'oraee 509. 15 el, lubricants, power and light service. 314. 44 ive stock 8, 196. 25 quipment and miscellaneous material 9, -olS. 41 instruction of buildings 13. 265. 13 «ed, trees, and fertilizer 1, 096. 05 '" cellaneous 100. 35 Total 30, 598. 03 Indian appropriation act for the fiscal year 1921 provides for the sum of $10,000 :or the relief of distress among the fnll-blood Chocta'sv Indians in ilississippi and the >ay of specified employees; $30,000 for the establishing, equipping, and maintaining lay schools; .$15.0C0 for the purchase of land for individual Indians, to be reimbursed; md S10.030 for the purchase of seed, animals, machineiy. tools, implements, and other jquipment necessary-, to be reimbursed. The estimate for the 1922 bill contains ihe same items and amounts. The item for -SIOOOO for relief and distress is necessary, to pay the salaries of the jositions authorized and to afford relief to the old and indigent Indians. These Indians live in settlements among the white farmers and are distributed over ive or six counties. At present there are only one or two schools maintained for the )enefit of the Indians by the county authorities". The children are growing up without my education whatever, and it is essential that schools be provided wherever there ire a sufficient number of Indian children to justify. At least 8. and possibly jQ, schools will be required to meet the needs of these Indians. Two Government ichools are now in operation and another will be ready early in Januaiy. The item of S15.000 is needed to assist the Indians in purchasing lands to pro\'ide hemselves with permanent homes. The item of $10,000 will be of material benefit to the Indians in assisting them m arming on the share-crop basis. These Indians are law-abiding and good workers, and -R-ith some assistance to enable hem to engage in industrial acti\-ities and with school facilities for their children ihey will in a reasonable time be in a position where no further Government assist- mce will be necessaiw. It is hoped that after school buildings have been provided ioir them the several counties will gradually take them over and bear the expense of iheir maintenance and operation. There are about 1,400 Indians in Mississippi and over 95 per cent of ;hese Indians are full bloods. They are ^rithout lands and have nadequate school facilities, are rerv poor, mdeed, and need assist- mce from the Government to become self-supportmg. Mr. Elston. When did the appropriations for this purpose com- EHeiice? Mr. Meritt. In the Indian appropriation act approved Mar 25, 1918. Mr. Elston. So that there has been appropriated for these Indians somethmg over §300,000 m the past two years. Mr. Meritt. There have been appropriated 875,000 and S65,000. 326 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr, Elston. How many schools have been estabhshed and ar. now m operation at the present time? Mr. Meritt. Wc have two schools established and one othe school will be in operation by January 1. Mr. Elston, What have you to show for that expenditure o S140,000 already made? Mr. Meritt. ^Ye have constructed three school plants. We hav furnished Indians with farming equipment. We have Believed th distress of a number of Indians and have done considerable relie work among those Indians. There has been no great amount o overhead expense in connection with this work. ■ Mr, Elston. I notice that you expect to spend ])ractically th' whole of this amoimt for subsistence and for construction pur])ose! and that the overhead is rather low. Mr, Meritt, Yes, sir. Mr, Hastings. You might add, Mr. Meritt, that the amomil ( the appropriation for one year would be appropriated for the nex year, so that it was reappropriated and it was not expended the 6i> year, Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; that is correct. Mr, Elston, Do you keep a check on the Indians who have be« given assistance, so that you feel the obligation as to that particula Indian is extmguished and gradualh' worked off the list so that yo are reaching the place where you are finishijig the job, Mr, Meritt, That is bebig done by our local representative, Dij McKiiley, a fine gentleman, who has had large exnerience in th' Indian country. He is devoted to this work and rendering splendi service. Mr. Elston. Why should not this appropriation become a dimii ishuig one? Mr. Meritt. I think it can become a diminishing appropriati<» after we have got a sufficient number of schools established. Mr. Elston. Do you not think that practically the whole of tli appropriation should be devoted to permanentconstructionof sclmo!- etc., rather than to the temporary matter of piling up sul) i-i ences ? Mr. Meritt. Some of those Indians are in need of subsist enc( We favor keeping subsistence down to the lowest possible poin It does not work to the interests of the Indians to issue them ratioi gratuitously, but in some cases it is necessary to relieve immediat distress, Mr, Elston. How much does each school plant cost? You ar going to establish eight schools. Mr. Meritt. Around SI 0,000. Mr. Elstox. What does the plant consist of? Mr. Meritt. School building and e(|uij)nient. and in this buildiii quarters for the teacher are supplied. Mr. Elston. Who pays the teacher ( Mr. Meritt. The Fed(M-nl ( Jovernnient. We also liave a h()US( keeper wlio supplies a midday meal for the cliildreiL Mr. Elston, I notice in vour tailed estinnite of the propose exp(Miditui-e of this appropriation you allow for two s|)ecial agent and for one teacher. Is that correct? leoi Wei eved INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 327 Mr. Meritt. There are two teachers. We have two schools in operation and there are two teachers and a housekeeper. Mr. Elston. Do you think you arc making rapid enough progress in the matter of installations of schools^ Out of tlie appropriation of SI 40,000 you have estabhshed only two schools at the estimated total cost of S20,000, while the balance of the total which the Govern- ment has appropriated for these Indians, amounting to aboutSl 20,000, was spent for other purposes. Mr" Meritt. We would have spent more for schools if conditions had been normal in recent years. We had the greatest difhculty in getting those plants constructed. Hereafter, now that conditions ■are more nearly normal; we can spend more money for actual con- struction work and spend it more rapidly and get the buildings up for the Indian school children. Mr. Dempsey. Are those school buildings shown in your analysis of expenditures ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. When you purchase the land, about how much land do you purchase for each family ? Mr. Meritt. About 40 acres. Mr. Elston. Costing about how much? Mr. Meritt. Land can be bought for .S20 to $30 an acre. Mr. Elston. Then it will be an average of about $1,000 to each family for purchase of land ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Do you expect to spend anything more than just purchasing the land ? Do you put the buildings on the land ? Mr. Meritt. We usually buy land that has cabins on it and it may be necessary to advance money out of reimbursable appropria- tions so that they will have farming equipment and also a horse. Mr. Elston. Have you made an estimate of the number of families among these Indians there ? Mr. Meritt. Probably between two and three hundred families; around 300. Mr. Elston. Your detail here of $15,000 to be applicable to the purchase of land will take care of how many families then ? Mr. Meritt. It will take care of about 15 to 20 families. Mr. Elston. How many families were supplied out of previous Iippropriations ? Mr. Meritt. I think we have been a little bit slow in purchasing and because of the difficulty in getting the land titles, but that Icaoney will be available until the 1st of July and we will probably ibe able to make a better showing by that time. tMr. Elston. Is the land taken under trust patents so that those adians can not dispose of them ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; we do not issue fee patents to those Indians , ut hold their lands in trust, otherwise they would not have land very long. I Mr. Dempsey. I notice you sav here on page 66 that it is hoped bhat after the school buildings have been provided that the several bounties will actually take them over and bear the expense of their ^'^J Maintenance and operation.' -^ i Mr. Meritt. That is our hope, that after the Government has 'provided these school buildings, that we can persuade the counties ;o take over the school buildings and conduct the schools. the I Itliej ,avel lartifl itire. 'eii! I.' »lec( biiijta ile mull nini Too 328 IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Dempsey. Are the schools attended by anyone but Indians; I see the Indians are distril)ute(l over several counties amonsr Thp whites. Do whites attend these schools at all ? Mr. Meritt. We have the Indians in the white schools but thoy attend very irregularly and they are not encouraged to attend. I ^[r. Dempsey. Here is what I have in mind. ^Yill not tlie likeli-i hood of their bein^ taken over by the State depend ver^' largely I on whether or not it ntav be exclusively for the use of the Indians and attended by the Indians and whether the white inhabitant-^ of this State who have the vote attend them as well ? Mr. Meritt. It is probable that in those communities there aie a. few white children permitted to attend with the Indian children. Mr. Dempsey. Do those Indians have the right to vote ? Are thoy citizens? Mr. Meritt. They are supposed to be citizens but they do not exercise that right of voting to any great extent. Thursday, December 16, 102' Mr. Dempsey. Judge Vcnable, former member of the In Affairs Committee, is interested in one of the appropriations. 11 saw me tliis morning and said that he was engaged on bis own v" mittee of Naval Affairs, but that he would like to be present v an item affecting his State was heard. I suggested to him th he came in the chairman might be willing to return to that i and take it out of order in order to accommodate him and oi \\ him to get back to his committee, which is having hearings. Mr. Elstox. Is this the most convenient time to take it up Judge ? Mr. Venable. I do not know, sir. I am appointed on a -^"b committee to go to Norfolk and Boston- on some naval affairs ' ness, and I might be away at the time you take up this matter. Mr. Elston. I think we had better take vour statement and pu it in the proper place. Turn to page 71 of the estimates. STATEMENT OF HON. WILLIAM W. VENABLE. REPRESENT ATIVE IN CONGRESS FROM MISSISSIPPI. ^, Mr. Venable. I notice, Mr. Chairman, that the item carrieil fo the relief of the Mississippi Choctaw Indians is in the same form ii which it has been heretofore put in. Several members of this committee are familiar with the histor of this item. When I came to (Vngress, five years ago, I cam already interested more or less in the conir lands, if the had evei" owned any, they had practically lost. What lands tiie owned that remaineil to them were of very poor quality, and thoi future was hopeless. I !]i|ij- leli '-1-, ildia IXDIAX APPROPPJATIOX BILL, 1922. 329 bli At various times in the past the Government had marie an eflort, 1 apparent effort, to afford them some rehef. Tliev reserved ^rtain land to themselves when the Choctaw Tribe moved to klahoma. But they were relieved of all restrictions. Tliev were people who had never had any experience in the handhno: of indi- dualistic property. As far as the land was concerned, the lands ; JarjBexe all held in common. The result of that thing was what anv- le could have expected, that knowing nothing of the value of the nd, and having had no experience in the handling of land, in the )urse of time thev practically lost their lands and parted with lem for a song. Their condition was, as I say, hopeless, so far as ly improvement was concerned. At various times they were lie^nught to be placed upon the roll. On various occasions the Gov- •nment sent men there, agents, to place them on the rolls. The ; (ioi§'overnment was exceedingly unfortunate in the selection of agents. ''ithout exception, they turned out to be scoundrels and blacklegs. man would make up a roll and then use the roll for shaving paper. The result is that the Indians, without any fault on their own irt, and we will say without any fault on the part of the Govern- .ents as such — ^we will sav thev were unfortunate in their agents — 3ver received anv substantial relief at all. Now, in view of that situation, I felt that there was a moral obliga- on on the part of the Federal Government at least to make some ^propriation so that these Indians might become self-sustaining and 3 fitted to take their place in a white man's society. I did not feel mt it was an answer to say that these Indians at one time had jrtain lands, because the way the Government let them handle lose lands produced the result that was inevitable. I do not think yas an answer to say that on certain occasions script had been sued to these Indians, because the result was what could have been cpected of men of that type and education, with their environment id traditions. Pretty soon they had nothing. So I did not feel lat what had been done in the past had worked an estoppel against le Indians which prevented them from asking for substantial relief L the future. So when I came to Congress I interested myself in leir behalf in order to get some appropriation to establish schools ) that the young Indian might be equipped to take his place in the hite man's society, and for such moneys for material relief of a imporary character as would put the Indians in the position to send 16 Indian children to school. I realized that the hope of the Indians — ^and I believe that is the jrrect position — lies with the 3'oung Indian, but to get the young idian you have got to fix him more or less so that he can have ifficient food. You have got to do something for the old Indians, )o, which I think is right. Now, there was some opposition to this item, though we have car- ed it every time, because certain gentlemen were opposed to taking a any further Indian work or including any new Indians within the eneficent care of the Government. I personally have never been ble to feel the force of this argument, because all the Indians have een so taken in. From time to time the Government has taken in thers, and I think properly so. :ei; iftil l!Sfl ir V is ; 3 330 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Now, since the Indian Bureau with its appropriation has gone t work down there, they have built, I think, two schools. Is not tha right, Mr. Meritt ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Vexablk. They have built two schools, and I think they ar going to build one or two others. They have a man down there wh seems to be an efficient man — ^Mr. McKinley — who has been of ir valuable aid to these Indians in man}' ways. He told me that tlies full-blood Mississippi Choctaws were as fine a type of Indian as h had ever worked with, and he has had experience in Florida and wit some of the western tribes. They are getting Indian children into the schools. This agent i" seeing that the Indians are safeguarded in the contracts that thel make, and he is also looking after their affairs. When thoy ge' money from Oklahoma it is properly cared for and the rights of tiv Indians safeguarded. Formerly, sometimes money was sent back t' a supposed friend, and when the friend got through with it th' Indian had none. So that I think, so far as my observation is concerned, that tl. Government is getting the worth out of its expenditures among tt Mississippi Choctaw Indians. I should regret very much to see th' aid withdrawn or lessened. I do not- want the Government to tak over these Indians forever. I think that is the worst thing for tl Indians. I do want the Government to give these young Indians the older ones are possibly too old — a chance to qualify themsolv( to earn their own living and become self-respecting. Now, I am going out of Congress. I have no pei-sonal interest, retire at the end of this session. The appropriation has no significani to me personally, so far as any personal interests that I have are coi cerned. This has been one item in which I feel because I know tl facts, or thought I did, that we are doing a real good in trying to « something for these people, and it is to urge a consideratitm of tii appropriation that I have come before this committee. I think tl Government is getting its money's worth. I think these items can I' justified on every equitable and rightful consideration, and 1 a frank to say to you that if the Government does withdraw from th field, and does not carry on this work, I see no hope for these Missi sippi full-blood C.hoctaw Indians at all. Mr. Elston. Judge, has any survey been made to detennine tl number of full-blooded adult male Indians in this territory? Mr. Venable. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Has that disclosed the fact that there are sufficioi numbers of such full-blooded men to provide a living for the faniili< if they took advantage of the opportunities for w^rk down there . what appear to be rather high prices for labor? Mr. Venable. A year or two ago they really sufl'ered on account i crop failure and other things. That condition has been bettered ^ far as food is concerned. 1 do not think that there is any doubt, ■ far as t\\o matter of getting enough to (>at is concerncnl, but what tl able-bodied Indian can provide enough food for himself and h family, of course of a coarse character of food, such as he can rai around there. I think that an able-bodied man down there can » that. ,t!i ■ thit Ejffl liida INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 331 fMr. Hastings. Mr. Venable, as a matter of fact the Indians that you appear for are practically all pure blood ? Mr. Vex ABLE. Absolutely. Tliere is no doubt. Mr. Hastings. Nearly all of them speak the Indian language and very few speak the English language ? Mr. Venable. That is true. Mr. Hastings. I want to ask you also to describe how they have en living heretofore, the character of their homes in which they ive. Mr. Venable. Well, they live in cabms. We wiU take an illustra- tion. Here is a full-grow^l Choctaw man. He does not speak any English, or if he does, just a few words, not enough to transact any business. He has lived long in the interior along the creeks. Pie is m Indian. So he likes to hunt and fish. What knowledge of ^armmg he has he has learned from observation, working as a day Laborer for others. Now that man is not in a position to make pontracts. He is not in a position to find out what his work is worth. He is not in a position to take care of himself in the smallest business jansactions. Mr. Hastings. Now they are employed at practically no wages it all, Mr. Venable ? Mr. Venable. Yes, just as an illustration, go do^\m and look at ;heir cabins that they live in. I was in several of their homes. It ,vill usuaUj^ be a one-room house. I think two of them were 1- •oom houses and one 2-room house and a shed. That house was )uilt up simply of planks nailed agamst the studding, with cracks . .^1 jiverpA'here between the planks. They had dirt and stick chmineys. rhis Indian had a sick child. It was lying on a heap of blankets in I comer. He had a bedstead in one comer that he had made him- elf by nailing up four posts with cross-pieces, no springs or anything f that sort, with just blankets and quilts throTvii on them. Of course, III man who can not speak the English language does not know what kis work is worth, does not have any experience or information, fhere isn't any doubt that in many cases advantage has been taken f him. I meai) people have gotten hun to work for them as cheap ,8 they could get him. Mr. TiNKHAM. Have you stated the number of full-blooded Choctaw Indians in Mississippi ? Mr. Venable. About 1.200 or 1,300 live m that district, and nearly ,11 the Choctaws in Mississippi are in that district. They stayed -round there because one place that they had there was rather a lavorite place for the original Choctaw Tribes, those that remamed ;rouped around that place. i Now the chairman asked me if an able-bodied Indian could not Irovide enough food, and I said yes. But he will go on forever just Ible to provide simplv food unless he is helped. , Mr. Elston. What ' facilities does the State give to its citizens own there in the war of schooling and other facilities that are [sked for in this appropriation? Is there any application to the iitate to take care of that situation >. I Mr. Venable. Our experience in the interior counties by virtue if a lack of monev— Mississippi is not a rich State— was that the Vhite schools up to a few vears ago only ran four or five months a ^i ji - lie ,hffff>2 1 I 332 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. year. They undertook to erect certain schools for the Indians, wit this experience: The Indian would not go to school. In tJie firs place, the Indians Avere more or less scattered. In the second i»hic< there was no one there to encourage the Indian to send the chiMro to school. There was no one there particularly whose busiui-- was to get the children into school, and the school ran for a fi months, and then that would be all. So the Indian school as coi ducted by the State did not meet the bill, did not accomplish anythiiv Mr. Elstox. Now, Judge, this appropriation has been runni for several years, has it not? Mr. Vex ABLE. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Do you feel that by getting this band of huHar dependent upon the Government it will induce them to feel tli this is permanent assistance that they will receive for all time '. Mr. Venable. No, I do not think'so, because, so far as I am co cerned, I have told them that it would not. Mr. Elstox. What is your idea of the limitation of time on this Mr. Vexable. Well, I have not set any time. Mr. Elstox. Well, do you feel that the appropriation can be inu. a decreasing one from year to year? Mr. Vexable. I do not know about that. I think this, this is w theor}': The Government is under an obligation to take the Indian and give him a fair chance to qualify to fit in with the . ,. man's civilization; to teach him some practical things about fanni so that he will be a more or less self-sustaining citizen acconhug to decent plan, so that in turn he will give his children a chance throii his own efforts. That is the general idea in my mind. How lo it is going to take to work that out I do not know. "The groati mistake in the world would be to put them on crutches for all tin to come. I think the greatest mistake woidd be to encourage the to think that they vv'ere going to be taken care of forev'er. Mr. Elstox. Of course, there has to be a sort of polic; outIin< in advance so that Congress can contemplate some period \s\\ this assistance game shall be ended. We are supposed now to in process of liquidation of Indian aflairs instoatl of taking on nt charges, and we are supposed to be less concerned about those^Iiulin that by force of circumstances or their own choice separated tr( bands and put themselves in condition where they are more or h sj)read among the whites, and where they are then in tlie game survival of the fittest, just as ordinary citizens are. Mr. Vexable. As far as that is concerned, say that the Missi Ciioctaws stayed in Mississippi and occupied lanils there, and ('...i went to Oklahoma and occupied lands there. Tiie Okhihoma J dians for a long time governed their own affairs. Is that true, \ Hastiii'i's ? Mr. Hastings. Tiiat is true. Mr. Venable. After a while the Government takes them c>\ comph'tely, and I will venture to say that 75 per cent of the moii carj'ied in tlie a])))r()printion bills forOklahoma riioctaws is grntiiitoi Mr. Elstcjn. rliidge, you \V(M'(> on the Indian All'airs ("oniiuitt or quite a while? Mr. Venable. Yes, if INDIAN" APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 333 Mr. Elstox. As a comparative thing, you would say that tliis is s pressing a case for gratuity as is presented by a great many other ases which the Government appropriates for? Mr. Venable. I s&y it is the same thing. Ninety per cent, I appose, of the Indian appropriations, are gratuitous — possibly I am 30 high in my figures. They are not tilings that we are under any 5gal obligation to pay. They are things that we believe we ought ) pay because they are a moral obligation, resting basically, as I iiderstand it, upon this idea, which I tJiink is correct, and which is ae reason why I voted for these bills : The white man came to the rorth American continent, where he found a people more primitive ;ian himself, and he brought that primitive people in contact with " more complex civilization. Now, one of two things had to take place. Either the primitive 'eople have to qualify or establish a proper correspondence with the "hite man's civilization in that environment, or die out and go ,x own. So, since the white man had put him in that situation where "€ e had either to qualif}- or become extinct, there rested upon the I ^hite man, since his action was what caused the situation, a moral bligation to help the primitive people conform. It is not a thing 'lat lay in contract. It is not a thing that lay in legal obligation at pi. It lies in moral obligation purely, and it is just as true of the .^Cssissippi Choctaw as it is true of any other Indian in the United Itates, that unless he is enabled to conform to the white man's ivilization he must go down. So I personally have never been able ) see any reason — and that is the basis and the justification of nearly 11 of the items that were carried in our bills — why a distmction lould be made between the ^Mississippi Choctaws, the Seminoles of lorida, the lost bands of Texas, or any other place. My attitude 3ward it is this, if what I have stated be the correct basis and jus- :fication for the items carried in this bill, most of which are gratui- !)us, then we ought to take care of every Indian that needs it. Mr. Elstox. Now, Judge, I think you have tied this case to a ither broad principle underlying Indian policy. Mr. Vexable. I was just simply tying that to what I conceive to B the correct justification for the items that you carry in all your ilk. In response to your suggestion that we ought to get rid of idians and close the Indian affairs, I grant you that. I favor that olicy. As soon as an Indian is capable of taking care of himself I link that he ought to do it. I Mr. Elstox. Have you taken any personal observation of the use ili^ I the appropriations made before? d<^\ Mr. Vexable. As best I could. Mr. Elstox. And do you think it was a wise use ? Mr. Vexable. I think so, so far as I have been able to observe. Mr. Dempset. I understood you to say that two schoolhouses had iready been erected and two others are in contemplation. ^ I Mr. Vexable. Yes, sir. :J\ I Mr. Elstox. Suppose the committee felt itself forced to select out -Tiitll f the various objects for which this appropriation is made the para- ' iiount object that you believe to be basic. Would you say that to e schools ? I Mr. Vexable. I am hardly prepared to answer that. lodi •fit -:t r.11 '■'33 .fj 334 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Elston. There are a great many different items that are appropriated for — -subsistonco, supervision in the matter of farming, purchase of homes, etc. Another is the matter of schools. Mr. Venable. Let me put this situation: Here is an Indian who has, say, two children. We go out and find that the man has no horse, no tools — he has nothing with which to work, he has no way by which to earn a living with sufiicient ease to relieve his children. He has an economic situation that he and his children both have to work for what they can get in order to live. I say it would be abso- lutely essential to give him certain relief, l)uy him a horse, make an allotment so that he can make a living on a plot of ground, so that his children can go to school. That is necessary in order to get the children in school. Mr. Elston. Would you say that his failure to do. that heretofore is by reason of anything inherent in him or by reason of adverse circumstances? If it is inherent, you can not by these aids ever bring him to a position wheie he can take care of himself. Mr. Venable. It depends on what you mean by inherent. If you mean that possibl}^ being an Indian he instinctively tries to go to the woods to get his living, I should think it may be inherent. I think you have to take hold of him and finally show him or his chil- dren that that kind of life in America has passed away. I think it is a combination of the fact that he is an Indian and his economic environment. The Choctaw Indian of Mississippi is no different in' characte.istics and tendencies from Indians every\vh(M'e else. He is an Indian and not a white man. Mr. Elston. Judge, I think you have made a very good presenta-' tion of that situation, and if you have nothing further to submit we will have this placed in the record under this item when we reach it.' Mr. Venable. I thank you very much for your courtesy, gentle^ men, in letting me come here at this time. MONTANA. FORT BELKNAP AGEMCY. Mr. Elston. We come now to the Montana items. Have you a justification for the first item? MONTANA. Sec. jo. For support and civilization of the Indians at Fort Belknaji Agency, Mont., including pay of employees, $20,000. Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. I offer for the record the following justifica- tion for the support of Indians at Fort Belknap, Mont. SUPPORT OF INDIANS, FORT HELKNAP AtiENl'V, MONT. Fiscal year ending .lune 'M), 1921: Amount api)ropriated $20,000. 00 Fiscal year ended .lune 80, 1920: Amount appropriated 20, 000. 00 Amount expended 20, 000. 00 indiajSt appropriation bill, 1922. 335 Analysis of expenditures. Salaries, wages, etc $10, 348. 02 .Traveling expenses 118. 77 Transportation of supplies 339. 31 Telegraph and telephone service 47. 40 Subsistence supplies 1^ 75O. 75 Forage .' ' 757. 05 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service ], 687. 12 Medical supplies, etc 494 53 Equipment and miscellaneous material : 3, 911. 60 Medical service 162. 50 Miscellaneous 22. 12 Outstanding liabilities 367. 73 20, 000. 00 8 item is in the same amount as was allowed for the support and civilization of Indians during the fiscal year 1921. le amount estimated is required for the purchase of subsistence, etc., for i.ssue to needy, fuel and illuminants, equipment, forage, medical supplies, pay of neces- employees, and general miscellaneous expenses. 'here are 1,217 on the Fort Belknap Reservation. jr. Elstox. "\^Tiat is the financial condition of the tribe ( jr. Meritt. They have in the Treasmy at this time S 19,036. r. Elston. Is any of that money paid out per capita each year ? r. Meritt. Xo, sir. There is legislation pending before Congress luthorize the allotment of this entire reservation to the Fort ap Indians, and when that is done it is expected that these ans will immediately improve their condition. I think that legis- n should be enacted at the earliest possible date. r. Elstox. Would it be possible to decrease this appropriation oithe present year by reason of the expected reduction in com- KJity prices ? r. Meritt. Xo, sir. Congress has allowed us this appropriation ire 1913. T. Elstox. During the two or three years of the war, when prices '•et up, you evidently kept within the appropriation of previous ei-s, when prices were cIot^ti. Is that proof that it is possible now 3 Induce that appropriation ? jr. Meritt. Xo, sir; because we were not able to do for those aijans during the war what should have been done for them. Our Jprts indicate that a number of those Indians are in bad condition ttineed help, and v\-e are now required to supplement this appro- ri^ion from the relief-of-distress appropriation in order to give le'i the desired assistance, of which they are so urgently in need liiwinter. tr. Hastixgs. Did you give the number of Indians on this reser- it m ? Meritt. Yes, sir; 1,217. Hastixgs. And what is the area of this reservation ? Meritt. There are 622,917 acres, all unallotted. Hastixgs. Xone of it allotted ? Meritt. Xo, sir. Hastixgs. And none declared competent ? Meritt. Xo, sir. As soon as the reservation is allotted there L number of Indians on that reservation who will be declared etent. . Hastixgs. I understand you to say that legislation has already e' enacted, or that you are applj'ing for legislation, for the purpose la citing the land ? 336 * INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Meritt. We are applying for legislation, and it is pendin before the House and Senate Committees on Indian Affairs. Mr. Hastings. No legislation along that Ime has been enacted? Mr. Meritt. No, sir. Tue House bill is H. R. 13225, thi Congress. FLATHEAD AGENCY. Mr. Elston. The next is a gratuity item for the support and civil zation of Indians at tile Flathead Agency, Mont. For support and civilization of Indians at Flathead Agency, Mont., including pj of employees, .f 20,000. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justihcation: SUPPORT OF INDIANS, FLATHEAD AGENCY, MONT. Fiscal year ending .Tune 30, 1921: Amount appropriated $20, UOO. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 20. Amount expended 10, j .n Unexpended balance 9, ( Analysis of expenditures. Salaries, wages, etc $3, ! Traveling expenses Transportation of supplies Telegraph* and telephone service Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies Sul^sistence supplies l,\ Forage Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 1, ( Medical supplies, etc Equipment and miscellaneous material : Outstanding liabilities 1, i 10 (Expenditures for first three quarters only.) This fund is required for the administration of the affairs of the Indian.-; Flathead Reservation, and is in the same amount as heretofore appropriated. The analysis of expenditures shows that the appropriation was used in tl year 1920 for salaries of necessary employees, the purchase of subsistence .- for issue to the needy, forage, fuel, and illuminants, medical supplies, ecjui materials, and miscellaneous expenses. The full amount requested will be required during the fiscal year 1922. There are on this resorv^ation 2,544 Indians. FORT peck agency. Mr. Elston. The next item is a gratuity item for the support id civilization of Indians at the Fort Pock Agency, Mont. For support and civilization of Indians at Fort Peck Agency, Mont., inchuii of employees, $30,000. Mr. Meritt. I offer for tiio record the following justification; SUPPORT OP INDIANS, FORT PECK AGENCY, MONT. Fiscal year ending Juno 30, 1921: Amount appropriated $30, v Fiscal year ended .tune 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 30, 0<> Amount expended 30, ' ■ INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 337 Analysis of expenditures . galaries, wages, etc $17, 584. 04 IVaveling expenses 1 , 171. 45 ftansportation of supplies 126. 17 Telegraph and telephone service 76. 75 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 49. 55 Subsistence supplies 2, 749. 82 orage 1, 123. 05 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 2. 270. 07 tfedical supplies, etc 544. 49 Equipment and miscellaneous material 3, 057. 90 tfiecellaneous 95. 55 Outstanding liabilities 1, 151. 16 30. 000. 00 ! This fund is required for the administration of the affairs of the Indians of the Fort 'eck Agency and is in the same amount as heretofore allowed . This agency has jurisdiction over 2,000 Indians, only a small number of whom have eceived patents in fee to their allotments. Until such time as the Indians of this eservation are fully competent to care for their property, it \\ill be necessary for the jovernment to continue its guardianship over their affairs. I The fund is used for the pay of necessary employees, including a physician, black- !.mith, farmers, engineers, general mechanic, herders, and laborers, the purchase of ubsistence, medical supplies, fuel and illuminants, equipment, and miscellaneous naterials, and traveling expenses, etc. You will observe that we expended out of the appropriation for he fiscal year ending June 30, 1920, the entire amount appropriated )y Congress. There are 2,067 Indians on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation. The Indians on this reservation have been allotted, )ut they live in a semiarid country, and the crops have been exceed- ngly poor in the last three years. . Mr. Hastings. Is there just one tribe of Indians on this reser- '■ation ? I^Ir. Meritt. No, sir; there are the Assiniboin and Yankton Tribes. BLACKFEET AGENCY. Mr. Elston. The next item is a gratuity item for the support and ivilization of Indians at the Blackfeet Agency, Montana. For support and ci\'ilization of Indians at Blackfeet Agency, Montana, including [■ay of employees, $75,000, of which sum .$25,000 shall be immediately available. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: SUPPORT OF INDIANS, BLACKFEET AGENCY, MONT. iscal year ending June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated ^'^O; O^O- ^^ "iscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 50, 000. 00 Amount expended ^°' ^1"- ^' Unexpended balance 1' 0^"^- ""* Analysis of expenditures. alaries, wages, etc *°' ^^^- ^L 'raveling expenses ,^„ ^J| I 'ransportation of supplies ^^' J'^l- ^^ ' ubsistence supplies -ij' ^^'- ^^ ►ry goods, clothing, etc \' ^„JJ- }^ 'orage ^' ^'^- "^ I 26630—21 22 338 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Fuel, lubricants, power and light service $3, 030. 48 Medical supplies, etc 513. 87 Equipment and miscellaneous material 3, 133. 15 Miscellaneous 20. 73 Outstanding liabilities 961. 06 Total • 48, 916. 07 This is the regular annual appropriation for the support and ciAilization of the 2,883 Indians on the Blackfeet Reservation, Mont. This reservation is contiguous to the ( anadian border and the winters are long and extremely severe. Owing to the climatic conditions mentioned, the agricultural possibilites of the reservation are very limited even under the most favorable circumstances. Owing to three suc- cessive crop failures, the situation of the Indians this year is such that additional help will be absolutely necessary in the way of food and clothing in order to carry them through the winter without distress or suffering. An exhaustive house to house investigation was recently made with the view of determining just what would be" necessary along this line which brought out the fact that at least $25,000 additional will be required for this purpose, and that the money should be made immediately, available. This explains why the item now calls for .?75.000 instead of $50,000. the amount appropriated for the fiscal year 1021. or an increase of $25,000. The remainder of the appropriation (.?50,000) will be reciuired for general purpoee connected with the administration of the affairs of the Indians of this reservation, such as pay of necessary employees, the purchase of forage, fuel, and illuminant.« "r-^ medical supplies: the transportation of supplies: and various miscellaneous expi The amount actually expended for such purposes during the fiscal year 19ly w.. $49,958.15. You will observe that we are asking that 825,000 of this appropria- tion be immediately available. As is shovsii in the foregobig justifi- cation, there has been a severe drought on this reservation during th- the last three years, and in view of the crop failures and the exceeding cold and long winter in that country, it will be necessary for the Indiai Bureau to have additional funds to meet the urgent needs of thos Indians. Durbig this whiter we have found the conditions on thai reservation exceedingly unfavorable. They are not altogether tlu fault of the Indians, but are because of the drought and the exceed inglv cold climate. Mr. Elstox. Did you make the estimate of this additional .'>2o.00< requnement on the basis of detailed reports made to you by sui)er in tend en ts ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. We have a report from one of our fioK officials who made a house-to-house canvass of the reservation. an< the conditions among those Indians were found to ])e very ])ad indeed Mr. Elston. In what way would vou expect to expend the addi tional S2o,0t)0 ? Mr. Meritt. We will issue to them rations, clothing, ami blanket and see that there is no sufl'ering on the reservation if this money i allowed. We have already done what we could with the a])]>ro])ria tions available. This is an tu'gent case, and unless the aoi>ro])riatioi is made immediately available there may be considcrabl(» sulTeriii; on that reservation this whiter. IRRIGATION, FORT BELKNAP RESERVATION. Mr. EIlston. The next item is a reimbursable item, for th(^ maui tenance and ojxTatit)!! of the irrigation systems on the Fort Btdkna Reservation, in Montana: Kor maintenance and operation, including repairs, of the irrigation systems on tl Fort Helknap Reservation, in Montana, .WO, 000, reinibursaldo in accordance wil the provisions of the act of April 4, litlO. Mr. Meritt. The followuig justification is offered for the record: INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 339 ilAINTKNANCE AND OPERATION OF IRRIGATTON SYSTEM, FOR'l BELKNAP RESERVATION, MONT, (reimbursable). fiscal year ending June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated $30, 000. 00 fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 30, 000. 00 Amount expended 29, 254. 60 4 Unexpended balance 745. 40 Analysis of expenditures . salaries, wages, etc $23, 306. 02 fraveling expenses 156. 86 ^rage. 212. 43 '^'uel, lubricants, power and light service 737. 95 ,!]quipment and miscellaneous material 3 , 4 23 . 22 Itliscellaneous 117. 05 )utstanding liabilities 1, 301. 07 29, 254. 60 Pribe, Gros Ventre, population 1, 217 Irea of reservation acres. . 536, 9tjO Irrigable under project do 38, 259 Under constructed works do 20, 288 Actually irrigated do 17, 158 Cultivated by Indians do 17, 028 Cultivated by white owners do 130 Cultivated by white lessees do ( mi« ff umber of Indians engaged 358 :l^ Number of whites engaged (owners) 3 dumber of whites engaged ^lessees) ''onstruction costs for fiscal year $13, 778. 44 |!onstruction costs to June 30, 1920 • $273, 843. 90 i). and M. for fiscal year i $15, 081. 29 |). and M. to June 30, 1920 ^ $120, 220. 23 ). and M. charges are not collected from water users ' .estimated additional cost to complete $80, 000. 00 'iStimated cost per acre when completed $15.00 vverage value of irrigable land per acre $50-$100 irrigation project started, 1896. \^ork done by force account, Indian labor being principally used. leverage annual precipitation. 13 inches. lource of water supply. Milk River. I'rops produced, grain, hay, and vegetables. larket for products, local. >istance from railroad. 4 miles. 1 This sum is required largely for operation and maintenance of this system, which lomprises six units with a total of 104 miles of canals and laterals. Structures of mod; as thev deteriorate, are being replaced with concrete in order to maintain the fficiency of 'this system. This is being done annually as the fojiner wooden struc- Ures become useless, and forms a considerable part of the maintenance charges. ome slight extension of the canals and laterals may be necessary in order to reach djacent lands, but no considerable enlargement of this system is contemplated at resent. ! This appropriation is largely for maintenance and operation of the ;7stem which is practically completed. "^ I Mr. Elston. This is a reimbursable item? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; and the Indians have ample property to Bcure the money advanced by Congress. You will observe that the adians are making a splendid showing under this irrigation project 1 the amount of land cultivated by the Indians— 17,028 acres out of 7,158 being actually irrigated. I Operation and maintenance charges. art 340 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Elston. Are you going about reimbursement as directed under the new legislation passed last year ? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Elstox. And you have no doubt that the expenditures you ask for this year in the way of maintenance and operation will eventually be collected and returned to the Treasury? Mr. Meritt. There will be no doubt about that. The construction cost is onlv $15, and irrigation makes the land worth an3^where from $50 to $100 an acre. Mr. Elston. Has that land been allotted to the individual Indians? Mr. Meritt. No, sir. There is legislation pending before Congress to authorize allotments, but the Indians have taken what are known as tentative selections or allotments. Of course, in making the allotments we will give the Indians the lands which they have already improved. FOR FULFILLING TREATIES WITH CROWS. Mr. Elston. The next is a treaty item — for fulfilling treaties with the Crowds, Montana: For fulfilling treaties with Crows, Montana: For pay of physician, -$1,200: and for pay of carpenter, miller, engineer, farmer, and blacksmith (art. 10, treaty of May 7, 1868), .?2,580; for pay of second blacksmith (art. 8, same treaty), $720; in all, $4,o00. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: FULFILLING TREATIES WITH CROWS, MONTANA. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated .?4. 500. OC. Fiscii year ended June .30, 1920: • ' , Amount appropriated 5, 590. OOi Amount expended 5, 221. 67; Unexpended balance 275. 33 Analysis of expenditures. Salaries, wages, etc " $5, 22 1. 6^ This is a treaty item and is required for the purpose of fulfilling the obligations of th United States under the treaty of May 7, 1868, ratified July 25, 1868 ( 15 Stats. L., <.4!i whereby the Government agreed to furnish the Crow Indians certain employe wit: For pay of physician, $1,200; and for pay of carpenter, miller, engineer, fai and blacksmith (art. 10, treaty of May 7, 1868), $2,580; for pay of second blacksmitl (art. 8, same treaty): in all, $4,500. During the last fiscal year the appropriation has been used in the employment of physician and the necessary industrial employees required by the aforesaid treaty. There apj)ears to be no limitation in time, and said provision continues in force. Mr. Elston. What is the financial ability of the Crows? Mr. Meritt. The Crows pay their own administrative expenses anc have been doing so for a number of years, inchidiiig the cost oi thci irrigation project. The;, have in the Treasure at this time S443.;>o4 Mr. Elstox. Have you obtained a constmction of this treat;/ ii such a way as to asrertain whether it is a perpetual oblitjation ( Mr. Meritt. It is deemed an obligation which should be carrie< out as long as the Iiuhans nei^d this assistance^, and inasmuch as th Indians have not progressed to a point where the;\ are independon of tlie Government, it seems oiuy proper that the Ciovernmen shoidd make th(> a|)|)ro])riati()ns nM|uir(Ml l)y the treats . Mr. Elston. That ma;> be true, hut it is not evident from th facts ;\ou have given that the Crows are not financiaU;>' able to tak care of the needs covered by this approj)riation. id IS i«s tw INDIAN APPKOrRIATlON DILL, 1922. 341 Mr. Meritt. The Crows are amply able to pny for this out of th(nr wn fund, but it would hardly seem the right thing to do to require hem to do so inasmuch as the Government is under treaty obliga- ions to the Crows for this help. Mr. Elston. That brings up this same question, Mr. Meritt, as to 'hen the obligations under treaties such as this one should terminate. invite your attention to this particular case and ask you to con- «ij|der whether the time has not been reached when the Government lay be considered as having fulfilled its obligations. lir. Meritt. The Crows have already received allotments, and lere was legislation enacted last June authorizing the prorating of U the lands on the Crow Reservation, and these Indians will receive [dditional allotments, and those Indians who were born subsequent >ki p the closing of the allotment roll, when the previous allotments |ere made on the CiOw Reservation, will also participate in the dis- ibution of the lands on that reservation. It is only a question of few years when a number of those Indians shall have received their iG patents and will no longer be under the jurisdiction of the Govern- lent; at that time I think Congress might well consider discon- nuing this treaty appropriation. Mr. Elston. WiU you put into the record at this point that part I the treaty which covers this obligation ? Mr. Meritt. The treaty provisions read as follows: Hi 5,51 Art. VIII. When the head of a family or lodge shall have selected lands and i :ceived his certificate as above directed, and the agent shall be satisfied that he in- |nds in good faith to commence cultivating the soil for a living, he shall be entitled receive seeds and agricultural implements for the first year in value $100; and for hch succeeding year he shall continue to farm, for a period of three years more, he \ lall be entitled to receive seeds and implements as aforesaid in vahie $25 dollar.? sr annum. [And it is further stipulated that such persons as commence farming shall recei\e Jstructions from the farmer herein provided for, and whenever more than 100 per- !jns shall enter upon the cultivation of the soil, a second blacksmith shall be provided K |th such iron, steel, and other material as may be required. jArt. X. The United States hereby agrees to furnish annually to the Indians the jiysician, teachers, carpenter, miller, engineer, farmer, and blacksmiths as herein mtemplated, and that such appropriations shall be made from time to time, on the dtimates of the Secretary of the Interior, as will be sufficient to emplov such per- sas. (Act May 7, 1868, 15 Stat., 651-652.) Mr. Hastings. Mr. Meritt, as a matter of fact while this character <| language is used in nearly all these items, you do not employ a irpenter, a miller, or a blacksmith? You use that money for ad - . liinistrative purposes, do you not? I }Mr. Meritt. We have authority to use it for other purposes, but i this particular case we do employ a physician, a miller, assistant (3rk, engineer, two blacksmiths, and a carpenter. Mr. Hastings. If you did not employ them you could, under the W, use it for some other administrative purposes ? iMr. Meritt. We could divert it to other purposes. jyfi1l'»R SUBSISTENCE and CIVILIZATION OF NORTHERN CHEYENNES AND j ARAPAHOES. The Chairman. The next is a treaty item, for subsistence and (Inlization pf Northern Cheyennes and Arapahoes. For subsistence and civilization of the Northern Cheyennes and Arapahoes (agree- riut with the Sioux Indians, approved Feb. 28, 1877), including Northern Cheyennes 342 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. removed from Pine Ridge Agency to Toiigi e River, Mont., and for pay of physician, two teachers, two carpenters, one miller, two farmers, a blacksmith, and engineer (art. 7, treaty of May 10, 1868), $75,000. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: SUPPORT OF NORTHERN CHEYEN>fES AND ARAFAHOES, MONTANA. I Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921 : Amotint appropriated $75, 000. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 80, 000. 00 Amount expended 80, 000. 00 Analysis of expenditures. Salaries, wages, etc $24, 425. 99 Traveling expenses 600. 64 Transportation of supplies 5, 358. 12 Telegraph and telephone service 47. 21 Subsistence supplies 16, 914. .W ' Dry goods, clothing, etc 2, 77' Forage 41'^ - Fiiel, lubricants, power and light service 436. 8' Live stock 100. 0' Equipment and miscellaneous material 5, 449. 7 Care and education of pupils in mission schools 17, 699. 12 Miscellaneous 384. 22 Outstanding liabilities 5, 314. 47 80. 000. on The amount requested is the same as appropriated for the fiscal year 1921 and is foi the purpose of fulfilling obligations assumed by the United States under the treat^ of May 10, 18G3 (15 Stats. L., 655), and agreement of February 28, 1877 (19 Stats. L.' 254). Article 7, treatv of May 10, 1868, reads as follows: "United States herebv agrees to furnish annuallv to the Indians who settle upoi the reservation a phvsician, teachers, carpenter, miller, engineer, farmer, and black smith, as herein contemplated, and that such appropriations shall be made from tim< to time on the estimates of the Secretary of the Interior as will be sufficient to empio.\ such persons." In the fifth article of the agreement of February 28, 1877, the United States agreei to provide all necessary aid to assist the Indians in the work of civilization and t< furnish subsistence and certain specified rations. As will be seen, no amount I mentioned or specific period fixed. Article 5 of the aforesaid agreement of February 28, 1877 (19 Stat«. L., 254), reads a follows: "In consideration of the foregoing cession of territory and rights, and upon ful compliance with each and every obligation assumed by the said Indians, the Unite( States does agree to provide all necessary aid to assist the said Indians in the work o civilization, to furnish to them schools and instruction in mechanical and atrri cultural arts, as provided for by the treaty of 1868. Also to ])rovide said Indians witl 8ub8istenc(\ consisting of a ration for each individual of a pound and a half of bee (or in lieu thereof one-half pound of bacon), on(>-haIf ])ound of Hour, and one-half jwum of corn; and for each 100 rations 4 pounds of coffee, 8 pounds of sugar, and 3 ]M)und of beans, or in li(nx of said articles tne equivalent thereof in the discretion of the Ce issucil to th head of each separate family; and whenever schools shall iiave been providinl by th' Government for said Indians no rations shall i>e ia^tued for children iu'tween the age of 6 and 14 years (the sick and infirm excepted), unless such children shall regularl , attend school. Whenever the said Indians shall l)e lo( ated u|>on lands which ar, Huitalile for cultivation, rations shall be issu<'d only to the jhthous and families ( those persons who lal)or (the aged, sick, and infirm excepted), and as an inc«'ntive t industrial haiuts the Commiseioner of Indian Affairs may provide that such pereot be furnished in payment for their labor such other uocoesary articles as are re(juiaif il'' IXDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 343 civilized life. The Government will aid said Indians as far as possible in finding ^ narket for their surplus production and in finding employment and will purchase ich surplus as far as may be required for suppl.ving food for those Indians, parties to Ills agreement, who are unable to assist themselves; and will also employ Indians ) far as practicable in the performance of Government work upon their reservation." The appropriation, as the analysis shows, was used in the fiscal year 1920 for the iployment of necessary employees contemplated by the aforesaid treaty, in the irchase and transportation of subsistence supplies for issue to the Indians in accord- ice with article 5 of the agreement of February 28, 1877, with the Indians, the pur- lase of forage, fuel and illuminants, medical supplies, live stock, the care and edu- [ition of Indian children in mission schools, and the miscellaneous expenses in the iministration of the two agencies ha\'ing superx-ision over these Indians. [This appropriation is used for the subsistence and civilization of the Northern peyenne Indians of the Tongue River Agency, Mont., and the Arapaho Indians of le Shoshone Agency, Wyo. There are 1,412 Northern Cheyenne Indians, 868 Arapahoes, and ^0 Shoshones. Mr. Elston. What is the condition of those Indians with regard \) their self-support ? ' Mr. Meritt. The Northern Cheyenne Indians live in Montana and djoin the Crow Indian Reservation; those Indians are not all self- ipporting; a number of them are raising stock and are growing ram; they are making a manful effort to become self-supporting, ut there is a large number of Indians who are in need of assistance om the Government. Mr. Elston. Are their lands producing revenues and have they ay funds in the Treasury to their credit i Mr. Meritt. The lands have not been allotted; they have 89,539 I the Treasury, and we get an income from leasing a part of the land, i Mr. Elston. What has been the basis on which you have decided ) decrease the amount appropriated under this treaty obligation ? Mr. Meritt. We have been cutting down the rations wherever we )uld, with a view of making the Indians self-supporting. Mr. Elston. Have appropriations under this treaty been made rer since it was consummated in 1877 ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. , Mr. Elston. That is a long time, and it looks as though consider- Dle progress should have been made up to this time in the way of 'leasing the Government from the obligation of paying for a good lany things under the treaty. , Mr. Meritt. Those Indians are progressing and we have a number I Indians who are self-supporting, but a large number of those old idians have to rely upon the Government for rations and for assist- ice of various kinds. Mr. Elston. What is the Government doing for these Indians out- de of what it is permitted to do under this appropriation i Mr. Meritt. We are encouraging them to farm, we are trj-ing to ach them to grow grain, and also to raise cattle. I was on the ongue River Reservation two years ago and I found a number of lose Indians who were growing grain, and they were making a irly good showing; they also had considerable cattle; they were aking a splendid showing in growing cattle, and they have a very le reservation for that purpose. Mr. Elston. Could you estimate in dollars how much is expended mually for the benefit of these Indians from other appropriations ? Mr. Meritt. The following table sets out in detail expenditures l,om other appropriations at Tongue River, Mont., and Shoshone, fyo., for the Northern Cheyennes and Arapahoes. 344 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, s 0^ s 05 "a O CS s cs s to J- O A, S 00 H .£ K I ^ o — — -as" -» >, t4 C )? •- 3 A ■ j3 o c i; S S o'H. u c3 :; O > O 3; !- C o cog ;« -r e -• i~ r; o — ox > i- o fl^ ^ O O fcH* •Sea &V.S 0^ '^ S^ o „• o cd 55 " '-' ^^ Cj,"^ ;; o cJ 03 » cc t- ri, o ^ c a oj , o .-• -OTJ -^^ °M s c § a t: ■ c a 3 V- -'"" fcH t- '^ • CU tTn 3 S S ■^' . o acs . .a hH h-1 W I— ( HH ►— I 346 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. S o O ;^ 00 O « s e S s •to o a, a. H S §> o a CI c o ^03 " o o Vi t. 53 3 ? ;^ o> > » en «3 b£C3 t- C O la M 03 g c s »o o gs •-- J- ^ Co S - rt 2osS> o,-S , -,- O. ■ 3 •J 3.2 rtf - E £11 2-S S^ 2 ^ S'3 o 2 j2 S : C-o-o J2 C P -J 3 03 03 »J 5 ~ - I- J3 T* 3 0] O m b & a o :S C i:^ «►-'■ >'.?;.§ C O use-' 5»; s c.-*T> - .-E:s- aZ Indian appbopriation bill, 1922. 347 SSS^SSESSSSSSS^^ in; 1 1^ \: . 3. o • .9 > C3 ft ft z loo -S •o •CO •2 ".cJ • • • ■ ; '. M . t3 o • : : : •- ■< r.S^ . . . • •, • *> at -fi . . . • -^ ^ ^t^"^ ^^ gSo cc >:>t- of-* t"S .O . . OS • • ftc} '. ft'-« ss ' '=52 5 . :t5 h-^ ® s^s-o^^sF.a-il 348 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Elstox. Do you regard those expenditures as being in ful- fillment of the treaty obligations? Mr. Mkkitt. Some of the expenditures are not required by the treaty, but they are required by the necessities of the Indians if we are to make them eventually self-supporting. Mr. Elston. You would feel that it would be fulfilling this treaty if you would constitute it out of other appropriations that were being used for the whole Indian s>"stem and applied in part to this reservation would you not? Mr. Meritt. We are doing some things for them, probably, that are not specifically required by the provisions of the treaty. We have a school on the reservation and are endeavoring to educate the; children; in addition we are trying to persuade them to becom self-supporting by their ow^n efforts. Mr. Elston. Does the fact that a treaty of this kind was con-' summated with these Indians invite you to spend more on the pai ticular Indians w^ho made the treaty than would be spent by you IJ no treaty had been made, but where you felt an obligation to educate and take care of them, as you are doing with other tribes with whorc' the Government made no treaty? Mr. Mekitt. We would probably expend just as much for those Indians if we did not have this treaty appropriation, and it woulr be necessary to ask Congress for gratuity appropriatioils. Mr. Elston. If that is vour answer, it is obvious that what voi would do under those circumstances could be taken as fulfilling thi treaty obligation. ^^ Mr. Meritt, Yes, sir. JPI Mr. Elston. Why do you feel you have to include those item under this lump sum and under this treaty provision rather thai supplementing otlier appropriations and carrying it into your genera account ? Mr. Meritt. For the reason that these treaties are on the book and they have been carried in the Indian bill for a number of year> and the needs of the Indians are such that the provisions of tlii treaty should be continued. Of course, we lessen the gratuity ap propriations in the bill when we ask for these appropriations unde treaty provisions. Mr. Elston. I invite your attention to this treaty matter again I think in view of what you have said it would be a better policy t< cover all the items you feel obligated to cover inider the head of ger eral appropriations made for the service generally, rather than t continue the practice of making larger appropriations under th treaties, because it gives the appearance of a larger obligation on th part of the Gov(>riim(Mit than it probablv owes to the hidians luide the treaty. I should think it would be better to reduce llu* ainoun under the treaty to the minimum of the specific things that th treaty covers and supplement your other ap|)ropriations. FOR LINE RIDERS, NORTHERN CHEYENNE RESERV.\TI()N . Mr. Elston. The next is a gratuity item for tiie Northern Cheyenn Indians. I'lir (he cmployinoiil. of "line ridcrn" iili'iij; Uu> soutlicni luid crt^lorii hoimdiiri* of tho .Noilliern (;iiey<'nii(' Indian Ilcscrv alion in th«' Stale of Montana, .iil.aOO. Mr. Meritt. I oH'er for the recoid the following justification: INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 349 Line Riders, Northern Cheyenne Reservation, Mont. iflcal year ending June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated $1, 500 igcal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 1, 5OO Amount expended 1 , ,500 ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES. daries, wages, etc 1, 500 Indians have heretofore been employed in these two positions under this appro- iation, and as many of the Indians of the Northern Cheyenne Reservation are •mpetent stockmen, it is contemplated to continue their employment in this capacity. Their work consists principally in riding the boundaries of the reservation to otect the live stock interests of the Indians, to prevent their stf)ck straying irom .6 reservation and trespassing on the adjoining lands of white settlers, and to pre- mt outride stock trespassing on the reservation. They have also been used for her work in connection with the handling of the Indian stock on the reservation ,id the apprehension of persons stealing and killing stock on the reservation. The jaount asked for is the same as that appropriated last year. I Mr. Elstox. This appropriation is just as necessary now as it l^er has been ? i Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. I Mr. Elstox. And there is a need for the services of these line !ders ? , Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; we have considerable stock on that reser- 3,tion, and we need these line riders. We have stock to the value i" $485,060 on that reservation. I FOR SUPPORT OF ROCKY BOY BAXD. I I 1 Mr. Elstox. The next is a gratuity item for the support and civi- kation of the Rocky Boy Band of Chippewas. For the support and civilization of the Rocky Boy Band of Chippewas, and other iiigent and homeless Indians in the State of Montana, including pav of employees, ,\000. I Mr. Meritt. I offer the following justification for the record: Support of Rocky Boy Band, Chippewas, and Other Indians, Montana. ^cal year ending June 30, 1921 : i Amount appropriated ?9, 000. 00 cal year ended June 30, 1920: If I Amount appropriated 1-0) 000. 00 ! Amount expended 10, 000. 00 ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES. .es,. wages, etc 2, 802. 25 ling expenses 47. 75 _jportation of supplies _ ^^^- ^° 'Sistence supplies ^> '^^"- ^^ lirage . -^29. 19 Jtel, lubricants, power, and light ser\-ice 1^2. 81 t'>- pidical supplies, etc ^.^- -2 il uipment and miscellaneous material ^^^- 1^ 'J%I scellaneous 26. o5 Wtstanding liabilities ^Q^- ^^ 10, 000. GO W 350 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. This appropriation is required for the support and civilization of Indians of the oli Rocky Boy's Band of Chippewas, who until recent years led a nomadic life "with n fixed place of abode. The majority of these Indians since their establishment on a reservation set apai for their use. are making an effort to become self-supporting by selecting farms, fencin and putting in crops, and a number of them are building houses on lands selected b them and availing themselves of the reimbursable plan for acquiring stock and implj ments necessary on their farms. The analysis of expenditure shows that a large part of the appropriation was use during the fiscal year 1920 in the purchase of subsistence supplies for issue to the ol and indigent Indians of this band and for labor performed by able-bodied Indiar in lieu of rations. Until these Indians have accustomed themselves to their preset mode of living and have advanced in their industries, it will be necessary for tt Government to aid them as far as possible, as they have no tribal funds to their credi The balance of appropriation is used for the pay of necessary employees and tl: purchase of miscellaneous supplies required in the administration of the agency. I might add that until recent years those Indians traveled from on toA\Ti to another and were a nuisance to the white people of the Stati We have finally gotten them located on this tract oi land and the are making an effort to become self-supporting. Mr. Elston. An appropriation for tnis band has been made fcj many 3^ears. Do you not think we could begin to gradually reducj it ? The appropriation was made to enable them to get on their fee ' and I think the appropriation ought to be decreased as the years g Mr. Meritt." I would suggest that the appropriation be decrease] gradually, and it is possible that a cut of SI, 000 in that appropriatioj might be made. ] < IRRIGATION SYSTEM, FLATHEAD RESERVATION. j Mr. Elston. The next item is a reimbursable item, for continuii construction, maintenance, and operation of the irrigation systems c the Flathead Indian Reservation, in Montana. For continuing construction, maintenance, and operation of the irrigation systM on the Flathead Indian Reservation, in Montana, $300,000 (reimbursable), to reaut available until expended. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification for t\ Flathead irrigation project: Irrigation System, Flathead Reservation, Mont. (Reimbursable). Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated $200, 000. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Unexpended balance 5, 9(57. j Amount appropriated 375, 000. 380, !)(J7. Amount expended 337, 001^ I' Unexpended balance 43, 906. ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES. p Salaries, wages, etc 1 72, fi6J,, Traveling expenses 1, 51tt Transportation of supplies 2, 148* Telegraph and lelpplione service 1" Stationery, printing l! ttii INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 351 !ti4 ibsifltence supplies jgg^ 974 (51 in ry goods, clothing, etc '' [ 4,' 412. 21 orage 26, 064. 73 uel, lubricants, power and light service 7, 590. 04 edical supplies, etc ' 247. 28 quipment and miscellaneous material 49 72.3. 19 'aehington, Denver, and field expenses 23^ 078. 14 oepital expenses 2, 522. 16 n gam hire 5] 450. 80 ivii iscellaneous 1 330 42 »fTij ibe, Confederated Flathead: iaiM Population. tea Area of reservation acres. Keep froni km i mprij :untiia 337,001.57 2, 544 228, 408 138, 150 94 650 40, 788 4, 200 17, 000 19, 588 155 390 402 $431, 036. 25 3. 859. 290. 09 Irrigable under project do. Under constructed works do. . . Actually irrigated do. . . Cultivated by Indians do. . . Cultivated by white owners do. . . Cultivated by white lessees do. . . Number of Indians engaged Number of whites engaged (owners ) Number of whites engaged ( lessees) Construction costs for fiscal year Construction costs to June 30. 1920 .$3, 859^ Operation and maintenance for fiscal vear S27, 435. 26 Operation and maintenance to June 30. 1920 $236. 135. 96 Estimated additional cost to complete $2, 475, 000. 00 Estimated cost per acre when completed $51.50 Average value of irrigable land per acre ?100. 00 Operation and maintenance charges are collected from water users. Irrigation project started 1908. Work done by Reclamation Ser^^ice. Average annual precipitation, 16 inches. Source of water supply, various streams. Crops produced, alfalfa, grain, potatoes, and other vegetables. •IdE Market for products, local and general: good. {Railroad through project. Successive development looking to the ultimate completion of this project has been ^'^■^latly retarded during recent years owing to a lack of sufficient appropriations to : , Da Ty on the work. Fhe reservation has been allotted and the surplus land previously opened to settle- :. isnt and entry. Many of the white landowners greatly desire extension of the tials and Jaterals so as to bring their land under irrigation, and have repeatedly ijed larger annual appropriations with this end in \-iew. Of the amount asked for, tj Reclamation Ser^dce reports that 8125.000 will be used for extension of main cials: S58.000 for lateral construction: 880,000 for operation and maintenance: and ♦ ,000 for permanent improvements and miscellaneous expenses, such as stream giging, surveys, etc. i.?!! 'II Mr. Elston. I believe the committee is pretty well advised as to is reservation and the irrigation systems on it, and there is a great al of material in the hearings before the Committee on Indian -/lairs to which we can refer, so that I think we will pass to the next IMr. Meritt. I might add that I was on that Indian reser\'ation ---jDjring the past summer, and I believe it will ultimately be a suc- *i'c;sful irrigation project. The Indians have been slow to take ad- =^V|ntage of the irrigation on that reservation, but the white owners . Bd lessees are makmg comparativeh' good use of the irrigated land. '•j^ Mr. Elstox. How did there come to be so many white owners and ii^sees ? Were allotments made to the Indians and then leases .de to white people ? '352 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Meritt. The reservation was allotted to the Indians unde the act of April 23, 1904 (33 Stat. L., 302), and the surplus land thro\vTi open to settlement; the white o%vners went in there and ptV' the appraised price for the land, and there was an implied promi that an irrigation project would be constructed and that the^ would be required to pay their pro rata share of the cost. IRRIGATION, FORT PECK RESERVATION. Mr. Elston. The next is a reimbursable item, for continuing con struction, maintenance, and operation of the irrigation systems ni the Fort Peck Indian Reservation in Montana. For continuing construction, maintenance, and operation of the irrigation systen on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, in Montana, $40,000 (reimbursable). Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: Irrigation System, Fort Peck Reservation, Mont. (Reimbursablf. . Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated $40. 000, i Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: " Unexpended balance 33, 350 Amount appropriated 100, 000. i 133. Amount expended 81, -21. Unexpended balance 52, 129. ANALYSIS of EXPENDITURES. Salaries, wages, etc $45. Traveling expenses 1. i.w Transportation of supplies 7l( Telegraph and telephone service Subsistence supplies 4. - ^ Dry goods, clothing, etc Forage 4. Fuel, lubricants, power and light service ^ 1, ^ Stream gauging * ■- ' Equipment and miscellaneous material 14. "-'^ Washington, Denver, and field expense 6. Medical service Rent of buildings - • Miscellaneous 1 - 1 Total : . . . 81, Jiil. Tribe, Fort Peck Sioux, population 2, Area of reservation acres. . 7J-. I Irrigable under project do. . . . 1'-. '' Under constructed works do. . . . 1''. '■ Actually irrigated do. ... I,*' Cultivated by Indians do I, t' Number of Indians engaged ' (Construction costs for fiscal vear $SS, 496. Oonatrucf ion costs to June 30, 1920 $755, 434. Operation and maintenance cliarges for fiscal year ' $3. S.VJ Operation and niaintenain-e charges to June 30, 1920 ' $39, >'.i7 1 -1 ' Operation and maintenance charg«s are not collected from water users. 1 INDIAN APPROPEIATION BILL, 1922. 353 estimated additional cost to complete $5,177,000.00 fcstimated cost per acre when completed ' $40. 00 [Lverage value of irrigable land per acre $50. 00 Irrigation project started, 1908. Work done by Reclamation Service. Average annual precipitation, 14 inches. Source of water supply, Missouri River and big Muddy and Porcupine Creeks. Crops produced, alfalfa, grain, potatoes, and other vegetables. Market for products, local and general, fair. Railroad through proiect. This sum is desired for operation and maintenance of constructed works, for the ex- fension of canals and laterals so as to bring additional lands under irrigation, and for "scellaneous expenses. You will notice that we have under constructed works 60,628 eras, and actually irrigated by Indians 1,047 acres. The Indians n that reservation have protested against the expenditure of large |mounts of their funds for irrigation purposes. Mr. Elstox. How much of this estimate of S40,000 is to be applied the necessary operation and maintenance of the project as it now ists and how much for new construction ? Mr. Meeitt. Practically all of it will be required for maintenance nd operation. Mr. Elstox. You mentioned something about an increased amount hv laterals and distribution system. i Mr. Meritt. Only a small amount will be used for the extension f laterals. Mr. Elstox. How much? Mr. Meeitt. Probably not to exceed $10,000. Mr. Elstox. It appears that there are 16,000 acres under con- Tucted works and capable of irrigation and only 1,000 acres being sed by the Indians, and it seems to be desired to still further extend lis unused area. Mr. Meeitt. My personal judgment is that Congress should not lake additional appropriations for construction on this project ntil the Indians make a larger beneficial use of the lands now under jrigation. j 'Mi. Elstox. I would like to have a careful segregation of the fcact amount necessary for operation and maintenance to be taken iut of this estimate of §40,000. i Mr. Meeitt. Figures furnished by the Reclamation Service show le following: xaminations and surveys $2, 000 rmanent improvements 10, 009 >eratlon and maintenance 21, 000 , Ambujsable operations 5, 000 idirect charges 2, 000 Total 40,000 IRRIGATION, BLACICFEET RESERVATIOX. {ji^} ' Mr. Elstox. The next is a reimbursable item, for continuing con- fjj|* (ruction, maintenance, and operation of the irrigation systems on h^i |ie Blackfeet Indian Reservation, in Montana. ■^"f IFor continuing construction, maintenance, and operation of the irrigation systems i the Blackfeet Indian Reservation, in Montana, $125,000 (reimbursable): Provided, liat not to exceed $15,000 of applicable appropriations made for the Flathead, Black- 26630—21^ 23 354 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BELL, 1922. feet, and Fort Peck irrigation projects shall be available for the maintenance, repair, and operation of motor-propelled and horse-drawn passenger-carnking vehicles for official use upon the aforesaid irrigation project. Provided further. That not to exceed $3,500 may be used for the purchase of horse-drawn passenger-carrj-ing vehicles, and that not to exceed $4,000 may be used for the purchase oi motor-propelled passenger- carrying vehicles. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: Ikricatiox System. Blackfeet Reservation, ^Iont. (Reimbursable). Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated $25. 000. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Unexpended balance 27, 371. 07 Amount appropriated 50, 000. 00 77,3:" "- Amount expended 65. 1 _ Unexpended balance 12. 214. 35 ANALV.'^IS OF EXI'EXDITURES. Salaries, wages, etc $15, 853. 3.. Traveling expenses 534. 44 Transportation of supplie.? 1, 162. 1^" Subsistence supplies 6, 4S1. 1 Drv goods, clothing, etc 264. ] Forage 4, 584. 2 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 2, 147. l! Equipment and miscellaneous material 20, 693. d Stream gauging 430. iL Washington, Denver, and field expenses 4. 906. 04 MLscellaneous 8, 102. 4^ 65, 15!> 7: Tribe, Blackfeet: Population - Area of reservation acres. . 1. 49 ' - Irrigable under project do 107 Under constructed works do 47 •" ■ Actually irrigated do 11. 77: Cultivated by Indians do -' ""' Cultivated by white lessees do '.' 7ii Number of Indians engaged 5- Number of whites engaged (lessees i 21 Construction costs for fiscal vear $:^3, 631 . 4 Construction costs to June 30. 1920 $1 . 019, 837. (). and M. for fiscal vear ' $30, 726. 6 O.andM. to June 30. 1920 ' $89,786.7 O. and M. charges are not collected from water users.' Estimated additional co.st to complete $2, 330. 000. Estimated cost per acre when oon!])leted $29. 6 Average value of irrigable land ])('r acre $40. Irrigation project started. 1007. Work done b.\ Reclamation Service. Average annual precipitation. 12 inches. Source of water HU])plv. Two Medicine Kiver and .several creeks. , ( idjis ])ro(hnc(l. alfalfa, wheat, oat.s, poUitoes. Market for prodncls. local; fair. IJaiiroad through ])roject. Operation and maintenance of constructed works re(|nire aj)])ro.\imalely $:!'> m annually. These Indians are exceedingly poor, and, tJiere being no white lain • Operation and maintenance clmrRC."!. INDIAIST APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 355 wners under the system, operation and maintenance chariies have not been collected -oni water nsers. Some of the lands are now under lease, which, after a few years, hould at least be in a position to nay tlie anmiiil operation and maintenance chareeH. 'or the past two years appropriations in I)ehalf of this projcH't have been so small as p practicalh- permit of only operation and maintenance of the project so as to avoid eterioration. The Reclamation Service advises that it expects to expend $89,000 of tie appropriation requested on improvements to the canal s\-8tem alone. Adding lis to the estimated expenditures for operation and maintenance leaves less than |10,000 for other improvements. \ I might add that this reservation is being completely allotted to |11 the Indians on that reservation. The commissioner recently isited the Blackfeet Reservation and lie endeavored to encourage hose Indians to make use of this project and it was his desire that re get a larger appropriation for this next fiscal year so as to con- jtruct laterals and get as many Indians as possible working on the •rigable lands. Heretofore the Government has had to expend a irge amount of money for gratuity supplies, and it- is the desire of lh.e bureau that this be cut down as much as possible. The land will ie increased in value by reason of irrigation, and if we can get those Indians to place the land under cultivation it will make a number of hem self-supporting. j Mr. Elston. The construction work is being done under the super- ision of the Reclamation Service ? Mr. Meeitt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. What system of cooperation have you by which you ire able to *nake these estimates ? Mr. Meritt. We get our figures from the Reclamation Service. ' Mr. Elston. And then you put them in the estimates accordingly ? I Mr. Meritt. We very frequently cut down the estimates of the leclamation Service. For example, they wanted about $1,000,000 i»r the Flathead project this year, and we cut it down to S300,000, ) as to keep down the totals of our estimates. Mr. Elston. Mr. Reed, have you anything to add to what Mr. leritt has said with regard to this item of $125,000 for the Blackfeet irigation system ? ! Mr. Reed. There is a desperate effort being made now on the part j" the Indian Service to increase the acreage under that project. The Instruction of the project at the beginning was a little peculiar lasmuch as they built the canals to part capacity, and now, when it pcomes necessary to increase the acreage, it also becomes necessary |i increase the capacity of already constructed canals, and if the .})pes of the Indian Service for getting an increased area are realized . iiey will need this amount of money in order to increase the capacity ^0fii those canals. ;Mr. Elston. When you speak of increased capacity for the canals 1 1 serve a larger acreage you are speaking of efforts to complete the (Ij'oject whether for the benefit of the Indians themselves or whether Ijr the benefit of those who have located upon it ? Mr. Reed. There are no white men on it. I Mr. Elston. So far as relates to furnishing proper homes and irri- ^'ible farms for the Indians who are on the reservation, you have jached that point and passed it long ago ? Mr. Reed. No. Hi 356 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Elston. It says here that under constructed works you have 47,000 acres, and there are actually irrigated and cultivated by the Indians only 2,000 acres. ^Ir. Reed. But that does not mean that those works have the capacity to irrigate that land. The canals are there in a small form, and it will be necessary to have, in order to reach the land that is already said to be under constructed works, an enlargement of those canals, which were originally built from one-third to half capacity. Mr. Rlstox. Are the canals sufTiciently large now to serve the acreage actually ])oing irrigated? Mr. Reed. The Reclamation Service in their justification, as I remember, said no, they were not; that it would require additional works to serve what is under cultivation and what is already under contract to be placed under cultivation. Mr. Elston. Tiie committee last year went rather extensively into all of these irrigation projects, and 1 am quite sure we have suflicicnt data available to check up on this whole matter. IRRIGATION, CROW RESERVATION, MONT. The next is a tribal fund item for the Crow Reservation, in Mon-' tana. That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, authorized to ^^•ith^^^av from the Treasury of the United States the sum of $200,000 of any tribal funds oi deposit to the credit of the Crow Indians in the State of ^lontana, and to expend th' same for improvement, maintenance, and operation of the irrigating systems on thi Crow Reservation, Mont., inchiding maintenance assessments payable to the Twi' Leggins Water Users' Association, and including the proportionate part of the- cost o constructing the Bozeman trail ditch on the (row Reservation, Mont., properly as sessable against lands allotted to the Indians irrigaltle thereunder, said si m, or sucl' part thereof as may be used for the purpose indicated, to be reimbursed to the trib',' under such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the Secretary of the Interior' Mr. Meritt. I ofi'er for the record the following justification: Proceeds Crow Ceded Lands (Miscellaneous) Irrigation. Fiscal vear endinc; June 30, 1921: Amount authorized $100, 000. d Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount authorized • 150,000. ( Amount expended 137, 010. t Unexpended balance 13, 9S0 : ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES. Salaries, wages, etc ^95, 0S7. J Traveling expenses 132. ' Transportation of supplies 1, 504. ' Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 112. : Forage 7,719.( Fuel, lubricants, power and light Ber\'ice 2, 795. '. Equipment and miscellaneous material 20, 7(>5. ' Stream gauging 1, 394. J Maintenance assessment 3, 379. : Miscellaneous 307. ' Outstanding liabilities 2, 811. ' Total 136,010. erve INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 357 [Mbe, Crow, population $], 7Jy Lrea of reservation acres. . 1, 183, 877 rrigable under project do 73. 686 Jnder constructed works do 53, 000 Lctually irrigated do 36, 720 hiltivated by Indians do 11, 244 Jultivated by white owners do 5, 272 hiltivated by white lessees do 20, 204 iJumber of Indians engaged 280 Number of whites engaged (owners) 131 Ij umber of whites engaged (lessees) 37 Construction costs for fiscal vear $54. 828. 88 instruction costs to June 30, 1920 .<:l, 367. 059. 14 i)peration and maintenance for fiscal year $130, 273. 72 .inS r ■T.V i J J- • |)peration and maintenance to June 30, 1920 $682, 839. 08 ™"'lC8timated additional cost to complete $500. 000. 00 I Operation and maintenance charges are collected from white water users. ^fb'm -Estimated cost per acre when completed $30. 00 "a " iverage value of irrigable land per acre 75. 00 'lis " o 1 Irrigation project started, 1891: work done by force account, Indian labor being rincipally used. Average annual precipitation, 13 inches: source of water supply, >ig Horn River, Pryor and Soap Creeks; crops produced, alfalfa, grain, and sugar eets: market for products, local, good; railroad through project. The extreme shortage of water reduced the normal flow of the streams available for ligation purposes on this res3rvation to such an extent as to necessitate the construe- on of diversion dams in order to control and divert, at times, the entire flow of the ireams, if necessary. The amount requested is needed for continuing construction f a permanent concrete diversion dam across the Big Horn River, estimated to cost 200,000. Work has begun on this dam under the item authorized in the last Indian •r«'i ippropriation act. J .1 [It is desired further to enlarge and extend the present systems on this reservation ) as to provide water for additional land, which can be leaded a? rapidly as the irriga- on system is extended to supply water thereto. Funds are desired also to replace ooden structures, as they deteriorate, with permanent concrete works, such as eadgates, drops, turnouts, etc. The^e Indians are beginning to make good use of the water furnished for irrigation iurposes, some 11,244 acres of irrigable land being now cultivated by members of this Hbe. Operation and maintenance charges are collected from white water users, 'ut as payment for the irrigation systems on this reservation is being advanced out of iibal fuiids, efforts have not heretofore been made to collect operation and main- jjnance charges from indiAddual Indian water users. I On the ceded part of the Crow Reservation a number of Indian allottees are obtam- tig water through svstems constructed for the irrigation of lands in private ownership, (ich as the Two Legsdns Canal and the Bozeman Trail Ditch, and a part of the appro- __jt tiation requested m behalf of the Crow Indians is desired for use in meeting the ^"^ Iroportionate part of the irrigation charges under these systems, properly chargeable gainst the Indian lands served thereunder. I You will note that we are proposing to appropriate S200,00(i out i jf the tribal funds and we are not asking for an advance of a reim- bursable appropriation from the Government. Mr. Elston. Have am' expenditures been made by the Govern- lent direct in the nature of reimbursables, or has the whole project een paid out of tribal funds ? Mr. Meritt. The project has been paid for out of tribal funds. Mr. Elston. This is a very successful operation and it will bring great return to the Indians, will it not ? Mr. Meritt. It will: we have leased quite a large acreage of land n this reservation, and by making this extension we can get still irther lands under cultivation. " , i i- e Mr. Elston. And it wiU make still more valuable the holdings of le Indians ? u •i I f 1*9 358 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BIIX, 1922. Mr. ^Ieritt. Yes, sir. We consider this a very successful irriga- tion project and the Indians are beginning to make good use of it. Mr. Elstox. I notice that $100,000 was carried in the hist Indian bill under this head and that your estimate last year was SI 50.000. Is any part of the S200,000 you now ask for to cover the accel(*ra- tion of work that can well be deferred without entailing loss? Mr. Meritt. We need the entire appropriation, but, of course, if Congress should cut the estimate we would necessarily have to confine ourselves to the amount of work that could be done, with the appropriation made available by Congress. SETTLEMENT OF CLAIMS, LANDS IN BITTER ROOT VALLEY, MONT. Mr. Elston. The next is a gratuity item. For the purpose of enabling the Secretary of the Interior to settle all unpaid claimi against the United States Government to funds derived from sale of patented Indiai lands in the Bitter Root Valley, Mont., under the provisions of the act of March 2 1889 (25 Stdrts. L., p. 871), entitled "An act to provide for the sale of lands patented t certain members of the Flathead Band of Indians in Montana Territory, and fo; other purposes, " $1,124.67, the same to be immediately available. ' Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: Section 1 of the act of March 2, 1889 (25 Stats., 871), provided for the sale of land patented to certain Indians in the Bitter Root ^'alley, Montana Territory'. Sectioi 3 of said act provided: "That the net proceeds derived from the sale of the land herein authorized shall be placed in the Treasury to the credit of the Indians several];' entitled thereto, and the Secretary of the Interior is herelty authorized to pay the ^nm- in cash to original allottees and patentees, or the heirs at law of such, or expend th same for their benefit in such manner as he may deem for their best interest. '" The sum of $74,200.18 was received by this department from the Treasury .for di- bursement to the original allottees and their heirs, in accordance Nvith said act. < this sum, .'?71 ,831 .94 has been paid out, leaving a balance of §2,368.24 unexpended ao' now a ailable for payment. There are unsettled obligations in the sum of S;i,493.91. making a deficit of $1,124.67. This deficit was brought about by making reim' bursement to the Govermnent from tliis fund for various expenses in connection nt the sales, which expenses were not made reimbursable by law, and it is necc-sar that an appropriation be made to co"\er same. The unsettled obligations con.-^ist < one payment in the sum of .$131.41, due Neil Brooks or his heirs on tract No. 1 original! patented to Widow Theresa Brooks: the sum of $118.50, due the heirs of Char!' Qualchinee, this being a forfeited payment made by Edward S. Uatliaway on ira No. 9 originally allotted to Charles (Qualchinee:. also the folloM-ing sums wliich ha\ been withheld since the sales were made to cover certain "liens" originally set up i favor of certain individuals for improvements etc., on certain tracts: Tract No. Original patentee. Araoimt lien. 2. Jo^ojih Colluvcr I» Batticc MoiU'hi'lle 1 12 5 18 Esiik Rod Wolf t) 22 . ^^'osli^lillo Jiiiiios o 27 1 39 iSaptislc Matt r, 40.. . Jo-nCdIi Mjitio .• 49 Shiiwiice J akt! s Tjtal 3,: INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1022. 359 As to these "liens," a decision by the Comptroller of the Treasury, dated June 26, 1896, disallowed the claim of Louis Piello for $100, claimed to be due him from the proceeds of the sale of land covered by patent No. 7, which claim was approved by this office on June 5, 1896. In his decision the c-omptroller held that the authority for making any use of the money derived from the sale was under section '.i of the act of March 2, 1889, supra; that the Secretary of the Interior havin}.' issued an order on January 16, 1893, directing that -the net proceeds Ije paid in cash, there was no au- thority for making any other disposition of the money, such as paying the claim of Louis Pielle. As this decision would apply with equal force to all the other liens mentioned, it is apparent that the money withheld belpngs to the original patentees or their heirs. Heirship proceedings have been instituted in each of these cases and the money asked for in this item will be needed to settle these claims as submitted. The §2,368.24 now available will settle only a portion of said claims. NEBRASKA. INDIAN SCHOOL, GENOA, NEBR. Mr. Elston. We come now to the Nebraska items. 1 Sec. 11. For support and education of 400 Indian pupils at the Indian school at [Genoa, Nebraska, including pay of superintendent, $82,000; for general repairs and I improvements, $10,000; for conamissary building, $6,000; in all, S98,000. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the followmg justification for the school at Genoa, Nebr. Indian School, Genoa, Nebr. I Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921: I Amount appropriated $82, 000. 00 (Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 82, 000. 00 ^ Amount expended 82, 000. 00 analysis of expenditures. Salaries, wages, etc $27, 226. 61 Transportation of supplies 1> 220. 94 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 277. 28 Subsistence supplies 20, 093. 66 Dry goods, clothing, etc 13,131.60 Forale.... 2,644.69 Fuel, lubricants, power and Light service 8, 019. 81 Medical supplies, etc ^^^- 25 Equipment and miscellaneous material 5, 252. 14 Thrashing.. 14000 Dental service „'*°- ,„ Seed 376.42 Miscellaneous °- ^"^ Outstanding liabilities _____ Total 82,000.00 KEPAIRS AND IMPROVEMENTS. i i Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921: i Amount appropriated *J" "^'^- "" ■ Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: . .^ I Amount appropriated '):' '^„' ^^ ; Amount expended 10, QUO, w 360 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURES. Repair of builoinfrs $9, 958 52 Outstanding liabilities 41 . 48 Total ] 0, 000. 00 WATEK TANK. Fiscal year euning .Time 30, 1921, no appropriation. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated j $.5. 400. 00 Amount expended 5, 391 . 00 Unexpended balance 9. 00 ANALYSIS OF EXPENDI'IURES. Construction $5, 391 . 48 j Statislical statement for year ending June SO. 1920. # Value of school plant (real property) ?3I9, lb-. \iunber of biiildings 44 ■ Number of employees 39 Total salaries *. .i;2!>. 990 Average attendance of pupils .• 311 . Average enrollment 390 : Capacity ' 400 ' Cost yier capita based on enrollment. ?191 Cost per capita leased on average attendance > " Area of school land (acres') Area of school land (acres cultivated) Value of agricultural products $12. 7G1 . Value of other school products |3, 294 i Indian money, proceeds of labor (scliool earnings) expended !F10, 993 Superintendent's estimate of absolute needs for 1922: Snppprt $92. 00( Repairs and improvements 10. OOo New buildings, com.missary (i. 000) Total lOS, 000 Requested in proposed !>ill for 1922: Support and education of 400 Indian pupils at tbe Indian Scliool, and superintendent's salary :fS2, 000 Repairs and improvements 10. 000 New buildings 0. OOt Total 9^ "' Salaries and positions, 1920. Superintendent .* $2. (Xi( Clerk 1 , 1 d( Assistant clerk . M Do :2( Do iM Physician (contract) T Ji Disci ])linarian and ])hyMical director 1, '-'('• Assistant disciplijiarian and band leader "^ H Principal teacher 1 , 1'tx Teacher 7Sl Do 7ft( Do Ti^i Do >l •' Do li" Do 0( i IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, 36J. ifidc teacher $600 itron 720 . sistant matron 600 Do 600 Do 540 Do 1 540 acher of housekeeping 720 urse 840 tress COO fiOO Btant cook 500 540 undress 500 gineer 1, 000 .■ jistant engineer 720 Irmer 900 ( rpenter 880 S)ckman 840 ( rdener 840 liryman 780 licksmith 780 e and harness maker 780 orer 720 29, 990 item of ?82,000 is for support and education of 400 Indian pupils. is one of the oldest schools in the service and is in need of considerable repairs. commissar>- or storehouse, -n-here school supplies can be properly stored, should be ivided. At present they are distributed in several different buildings and one commissar^", •which arrangement is not satisfactory. We are asking for a very small increase at this school. The super- i.endent at this school, Mr. Davis, has been doing splendid work for ftiumber of years. Mr. Elstox. What is the attendance there? Mr. Meritt. We hare an average enrollment of 390 and an average a:endance of pupils of 311; the capacity is 400. There really sould be a larger attendance there. Mr. Elstox. Where do the Indians come from who go to this s lool ? L Mr. Meritt. Thev come from Nebraska and South Dakota, gen- lekUy. Mr. Elstox. Is this school so situated that it might be regarded as p'rraanent ? Mr. Meritt. This is not a permanent school but it can be run to aivantage for 6, 8, or 10 years longer. By that time I think the Sjiool can be closed, on account of the Government being able to pt a large number of the Indian children in the public schools. _ Mr. Elstox. Outside of this commissary building you are maintain- ii< this school on the same appropriation received last j'ear ( [Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. [Mr. Elstox. Were you put to a great deal of stress and strain in intaining the school under the appropriations made in 1920 and ifinti 21? Mr. Meritt. We were, indeed. It was almost impossible to keep '^ schools open and we did not furnish adequate food for the children. Mr. Elstox. Aside from vour estimate of S6,000 for the commissary )iilding, your estimate of §92,000 for the requirements of this school !ald well be cut 10 or 15 per cent by reason of the expected reduc- ijn in prices ? 362 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Meritt. We "will have to ask Congress before the close of .... session for a deficiency appropriation for our Indian schools; it wil be impossible to continue the schools throughout the school year \\i{\ the appropriations allowed by Congress. Mr. Elstox. You have already spoken of the depletion of reserve, by reason of that condition? ■ Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. That statement is tY-ue with reference to all of thi Indian schools ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. I sometimes marvel that these India school superintendents can conduct these schools on such a low pe capita basis in view of the high costs of supplies. NEVADA. SUPPORT AND CIVILIZATION. Mr. Elston. We now come to the Nevada items. Sec. 12. For support and civilization of Indians in Nevada, including pay of eD' ployees, ?18,500. Mr. Meritt. I offer for. the record the following justification f' the support of Indians in Nevada. Support of Indians in Nevada. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated $18, 500. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 18. 500 Amount expended 18, 073. Unexpended balance ! -'' Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, wages, etc • 8. 786. Traveling expenses ■l'-4. Transportation of supplies !''"' Telegraph and telej)hone service t'-' Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 6. Subsistence suf)plie8 2, 504. Dry goods, clothing, etc lO'.t. P'orage 1 St! Fuel, lubricants, power and light service ''''- Medical supplies, etc • ''- Live stock ■■ >"> Equipment and miscellaneous material 1 . • ^'i Miscellaneous '"<"> Outstanding liabilities 1 , . Mo. , The amount requested is the same as appropriat^'d for the fiscal year 1920 and is n essary for the |)ayment of salaries of eployees of the several agencies, the purcli and transportation of subsistence, forage, fuel, and illuminants, medical siipi'b farming and misccllanoous eciuipmont, traveling expenses, and incidental cn; ■ ' arising in the conduct of the several agencies aud the special agent's head<|Uttrier.'^ Reno. The Indian poimlation of Nevada is ajiiiroximately 0,000, exclusive of scattoi tribes, etc., whii h it has l)een im|)racticalili' to enumerate. The enumerated po) lation comes under the jurisdiction of the following: Cai-son, Fallon, Fort McDerm'. Moapa River, Nevada, Reno, Walker River, and Western Slioshone. •fi:: INDIAN APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. 363 [The Nevada Indians have no tribal moneys of anv conseouence, hence this appro- Hation is largely relied upon for the a! ministration of their affairs, and the full lount asked for will be required for the proper conduct of the Nevada agencies. The Indians in Nevada are exceedingly poor; a large number ol |iem were roaming from one place to another mitil recent years, but e have now been able, through our administrative force, to procure ds for them and start them industrially; we hope that within a ili^w 3'ears we will have a large number of these Indians in Nevada "supporting. IXDIAX SCHOOL, CARSON CITY, XEV. Mr. Elstox. The next item is for the Indian school at Carson ■^tty. For support and education of 400 Indian pupils at the Indian school at Carson City, ; n-., including pay of superintendent, §82,000: for general repairs and improvements, ;5,000; for dining room and kitchen, $24,000; for improvement of domestic water ipply and irrigation system, $5,000; in all, $126,000. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the foUowmg justification: INDIAN SCHOOL, CARSON CITY, NEV. ill year ending June 30, 1921: Amoimt appropriated .$82. 000. CO cal year ended June 30, 1920 ; Amount appropriated 75, 750. 00 Amount expended 75, 750. 00 ?-?|pilysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 22, 074. 07 Traveling expenses 283. 97 it^ Transportation of supplies 26. 45 Telegraph and telephone service 21. 14 Stationen,-, printing, schoolroom supplies 1, 153. 51 Subsistence supplies 19, 038. 44 Dr\- goods, clothing, etc 12, 443. 11 Forage 1, 929. 66 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 4, 073. 00 Medical supplies, etc 129. 12 Live stock '. 90. 00 Equipment and miscellaneous material 7, 655. 71 Seed 642. 75 Film rent 141. 36 Miscellaneous 131. 20 Outstanding liabilities 5, 906. 51 *aJ 75, 750. 00 Repairs and improvements. 1 year ending June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated ?12.. 000. 00 ca' year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 10) 000. 00 Amount expended 10. 000. 00 Jalysis of expenditures: Repair of buildings 9, 960. 00 Outstanding liabilities 40. 00 10, 000. 00 364 IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BELL, 1922. Irrigation system. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated— No appropriation. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated $5. 000. Amount expended 4,997. Unexpended balance 2. Analysis of expenditures: Wages, etc 2, 378. Equipment and miscellaneous material 1. 540. Outstanding liabilities 1. 078. 4, 997. Sewerage system. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated — Xo appropriation. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated $8, 000. Amount expended 8, 000. Analysis of expenditures: Wages " 4', 756. Traveling expenses 123.i Transportation of supplies 5.' Equipment and miscellaneous material 2, 80- Outstanding liabilities SH 8,000 Statistical statement for year ending June SO, 1920. Value of school plant (real property) $231, Number of buildings Number of employees Total salaries . . . /. $24, Average attendance of pupils Average enrollment Capacity Cost per capita based on enrollment fl Cost per capita based on average attendance f Area of school land (acres) Area of school land (acres cultivated ) Value of agricultural products $6, Value of other school products ^"2, Indian money, proceeds of labor (school earnings) expended $1, Superintendent's estimate of absolute needs for 1922: Support $102, Repairs and improvements 15, New buildings 35. K Improvement of water and irrigation system 5. " Total 1 57, J Requested in proposed bill for 1922: •! Supix)rt and education of 400 Indian pupils at the Indian school, and super- tendent's salary SS Repairs and i mjmjvenients 1 < New buildings, dining room and kitchen 24S Improvement of domesl ic water supply and irrigation system 5,1 Total 1 26, INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Positions and salaries, 1920. 305 m. Uiperintendent $2, 250 lerk 1,200 assistant clerk 900 Do 600 )isciplinarian 900 issistant disciplinarian 720 rincipal 1, 200 Cindergartner. Do 'eacher Do Do Do latron Lssistant matron Do Do 'eacher of housekeeping . 8.(1 9i 1 8.11 . {23!,i 750 720 780 720 600 600 720 500 500 480 720 Nurse |840 Seamstress 54 Laundress 500 liaker 500 Cook 600 Farmer 1, 000 Engineer 1, 000 Carpenter 800 Shoe and harness maker 660 Laborer 600 Do ; 600 Do : 600 Assistant 300 Do 300 Do 300 Do 300 24. 300 . Ij. «p«- The sum of $82,000 for support of the Carson Indian School, Nev., will provide for 00 Indian children in addition to the superintendent's salary. The sum of $15,000 is requested for repairs and improvements. This is needed for 3pairs to the employees' building, which was a dormitory for small boys and girls and J being remodeled into employees' quarters. New sidewalks and sheds for farm lachinery and implements, an addition to the present warehouse, painting, new oors and roofs for various buildings, and repairs to the waterworks, sewer systems, to., are needed. Twenty-four thousand dollars is requested for a dining room and kitchen. The resent quarters of the dining room and kitchen is an annex to the main building at ae school. This building can be made into quarters for employees, guest room etc., ut the dining room and kitchen part are unsuitable for the purpose. The rooms are )w. dark, and crowded, and since the attendance at the school in the last year or two as been increased by 100 pupils, a dining room and kitchen are an imperative need. The water for domestic purpose3 for the school is piped from a mountain stream. It ample, but in the spring and at other times during the year when it rains the water t muddy. The water in this condition is disagreeable to taste and is dangerous to ealth. A filtering and settling basin with a reservoir is needed. A reservoir for stor- ig irrigation Avater was recently excavated at this school, but there were not sufficient mds for completing same. It is estimated .?5,000 will provide for these improve- lents. Mr. Meritt. I might add that this is an excellent school and is eing conducted along economical lines; the superintendent of the chool, Mr. Snyder, is a very able superintendent, with large experi- nce, and is not only a good supermtendent but a man of the highest Mr. Elston. You speak of an addition of 100 pupils to this school ecently; how did that come about? . . Mr. Meritt. By reason of the appropriation authorizmg new ontracts. . Mr. Elston. Then there has been great need of additional taciii- ies there? . Mr. Meritt. Yes, su-; we have not the facilities available to take are of all the children of school age m Nevada, of which there is . very large number. . Mr. Elston. What will be the life of this school, based on condi- ions as they exist at the present time ? Mr. Meritt. This school will be contmued for 20 to 25 years ^s I stated before, Nevada has few schools and a large number of hildren of school age to take care of. 366 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. | Mr. Elston. Was this estimate of $24,000 based on figures com- piled according to the schedule of prices obtaiuuig at that time ? Mr. Meritt. The superLiiteiident estimated for 835,000 and in makmg up the estimates for the appropriation we cut it down to, $24,000. I Mr. Elston. Have you personally seen the old dining room ani kitchen ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. How would you describe it? Mr. Meritt. The present dhiuig room and kitchen are wholh madequate for the needs of the scliool at this time; the building i old and they have no facilities for takuig projier care of the pui ill- Mr. Elston. Do you mean that the dining room has not the - in^ capacity that is necessary ? j Mr. Meritt. It has not the seating capacity and is misuitabL for a school of that size. Most large schools have separate buildini: for their dinmg room and kitchen and that is what we should have at this school. • j Mr. Elston. Have you ever asked for this item before? ' Mr. Meritt. We asked for it hi our estimates last year but ui account of war conditions Congress elimmated practically all nev construction. irrigation, pyramid lake reservation, nev. Mr. Elston. The next item is for the mamtenance of the u-rigfl tion system at Pyramid Lake. For improvements, operation, and maintenance of the irrigation system on th< Pyramid Lake Reservation, Nev., $5,000, reimburtfal)le from any funds of the In dians of this reservation now or hereafter available. Mr. Meritt. I ofTer for the record the followmg justification: Maintenance and operation irrigation system, Pi/ramid Lake Reservation, Ner. {Ri imbursable.) Fiscal year endins: June 30, 1921: v^ Amount appropriated $3, 000. Oi'' Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 5, 400. On Amount expended 4, 81 1. 1 Unexpended balance 58 Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, wages, etc 3, 713 Traveling expenses 132 Fucil, lul)ricants, ])ow('r and light service 73.1 E(|uipm(!nt and miscellaneous material 8()7.f Miscellaneous 27.0 Total 1. SI I. I Tribe, Piute; population Area of reservation acres. . 322, Irrigable under project do 3, Under constructed works Ir. Elstox. The total of the expenditure of the funds does not 3(}m to call for any overhead except wages. Are the superintendents iijintained from some other center ? IIt. Reed. Yes, sir; all that we use there is Indian labor and we H a general superintendent from another quarter. It is not large i&ugh to really require a superintendent for that one little project. 1;| Ir. Hastixgs. Do these Indians speak English '( dr. Reed. Most of them do. •rlr. Hastixgs. These are the tribes which patronize the schools ffrnch we have just had up ? — ' I'll. Meritt. Yes, sir. 3 ^- Reed. They are adjacent to white people there and a large '^pii of their subsistence is gained by fishing and they continually .3cie in contact with the whites and a great many of them speak ^Eklish. I0&: II a 'Operation and maintenance charges are not collected from water users. 368 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 'Mr. Elston. I presume there is some kind of a diversion dam c the Truckee for throwing the water on this land ? Mr. Reed. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. What do you spend this money on? Mr. Reed. On the necessary repairs to the project. Before ai irriojation is begun you have to go over your entire system and brii your sections of ditch back to normal. Then there are the litt floods, which are frequently torrential and take out pieces of dit and these have to be replaced and there is a part of the syste that is a pipe line, carrymg it over a bridge and that has to ha- pretty constant care and attention. Also there is a ditch rider w^ IS employed to distribute the water, after taking from the river, each individual. If he was not there the man at the head wou get it all and the man farther down would not get any. j ^Ir. Elston. How about the possibilities for reimbursement I this expense ? Mr. Reed. If that land is farmed even fairly well it will ma; good returns as they will be able to make good crops. Mr. Elston. How would you go about orgauiziug that situati so as to bring back a return for the operation and maintainance your estimated amount of $5,000 per year? That is a very sm sum to ask a lare'e body of land to return ? Mr. Reed. Tne first thing would be to get the land cultivated a crops raised and when that is done it should be no trouble at all 1 • this land to repay what is charged to it, but at tlie present time t • farming there is not on that kind of a commercial basis. Th( ■ Indians have small patches; they raise garden stuff and a little for:i ■ for their ponies and seem to be content with that. Mr. Elston. If that seems to be their settled policy, why cl not the bureau adopt at once the policy of making use of their surp lands by sale or lease, thereby acquiring a fund for the Indians fni the payments and rentals ? Mr. Reed. I understand that that is the policy now. , Mr. Meritt. We are in correspondence now trying to get that la I under lease and have from time to time leased large tracts of lai . We are endeavoring to get all of this irrigable land under cultivati> if not by the Indians themselves, then by leasing it to some one w will cultivate it. Mr. Elston. That effort should be made in a case like this wh it would take very little to put the land in shape for cultivati< I do not believe the policy oi spending millions to a('conij)lish tl ' object is justified, but wJiere it would re(iuire very little to bring land to a revenue basis for the Indians, I think you ought to do IRRIGATION, MOAPA RIVER, NEV. The next item is the Moapa River Reservation. For improvement, operation, and maintenance of theirriiration system on tlio Mt River Rciervation, Nev., $3,500. reimbursable from any funds of the Indiana of reservation now or liereafter available. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: I INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 369 Irrigation, Moapa River, Nev. rribe. Paiute: population 123 Vrea of reservation acres. . 1, 128 Irrigable under project do 625 Under constructed -works do 600 Actually irrigated do 351 Cultivated by Indians do 351 '^'umber of Indians engaged 43 Construction costs to June 30. irt20 $11^ 286. 94 Operation and maintenance charges : ' For fiscal vear $815. 73 To June 30, 1920 $2, 127. 16 ■"stimated cost per acre ■when completed $25 Average value of inigable land per acre $125 Irrigation practiced by the Indians since the early days, as far back as 1864: first id by the Indian Serxice in 1908. ' Work done by force account. Indian labor being principally used. Average annual precipitation, 5 inches. ! Source of -water supply, Moapa, or ]\Iuddy River. I Crops produced: Hay. gi-ain, cantaloupes, and garden truck. I Market for products: Local: good. j Distance from railroad : One and one-half miles. I The irrigable lands of the Moapa River Reservation, aggregating le.«s than 700 acres, i;ave been allotted in severalty to the Indians -who have practiced irrigation in this ^Dcality since the late sixties. The original crude system has been practically recon- structed by installing nevr ditches xrith concrete structures at an aggregate cost ipproximating 812,000. \Miite -water users below the reservation have complained gainst the use and alleged -waste of -water by the Indians. The Moapa, or Muddy iiveT, -which traverses the reservation, is the source of -water supply and is heaAily .harged -with lime, -which is gradually being deposited in the channel of the stream ntil the elevation of the river bed at points is above the adjacent irrigable land on Ibe Reservation. ] During the flood stages of the river the lands of the Indians are overflo-wed for short ;eriods and much -water is thus lost by seepage and evaporation, -which -would other- ■v fise be available for use on the -white lands belo-w. ^^■hile the distributing system '^''Jltaa been completed and is in very good condition, the appropriation asked for is " 'esired for operation and maintenance purposes and to cooperate -with the -white ,md o-wners belo-w in bearing the expense of deepening the channel of the river by ^mo^^.ng the lime deposits and other obstructions therefrom so as to prevent periodical - jiundation of the Indian lands and loss of -water to the -white lando-wners belo-w from 4 3epage and evaporation occasioned by the overflo-wing of the Indian lands. Mr. Elstox. Ho-v^ much do the -«-hite landowners expect to con- ribute? Mr. Meritt. They will contribute their proportionate share. Ye have been in correspondence with the local authorities in regard this engineering proposition and they seem to be willing to coop- rate with us in this work. Mr. Elstox. Do vou intend to do anything until you have an greement by which the money will be advanced by the white wners to pav for their share of this project? Mr. Meritt. We intend to require an agreement before any of pis work is undertaken. Mr. Elstox. Up to this emergency the Indians on that tract of imd have been taking care of their own maintenance and operation, 'ave thev not ? j Mr, Reed. Except work thev were not able to do— that is, work ''hich was bevond them. Thev'were to do the ditching and cleaning, ut we have had to do all the work that required any kind of skilled ibor or in fact anv work out of the ordinaiy maintenance and opera- nltiri I I Operation and maintenance charges are not collected from water users. 26630—21 24 370 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. tion. Anj'thing that is not beyond them they have been taking care of. Mr. Elston. Is there a general fund apphcable for emergencies *< Mr. Reed. Wo had a Httle k^ft over that was apphcable. Mr. Elston. Has a careful estimate been made so that you cai advise of the amount the Indians should bear? Mr. Reed. We have made that with the State engineer of Nevad. and acording to the figures they have it is going to run very high We can not say to-day what our proportion will be, but we will hav to have the funds before we can enter into any contract with then for this project. Mr. Elstox. What do j^ou think will be the total amount neces sary to do this cleaning up of the land ? Mr. Reed. S25,000 to S50,000. Mr. Elston. And the Indians' proportion will be how much? Mr. Reed. S2,500 to S3,500. This condition has been going on j^ears; we have saturated lands on the reservation now that shoul' be taken care of, but which we are unable to do under present cor ditions. Mr. Elston. Is it not possible to get this money out of the Indiir who are occupying this land ( Mr. Reed. No, sir; they have no money, and while they have th reputation of raising considerable cattle they are small holders an do not get much more than a living. If they could get a good livin and maintain the system ordinarily, they would be doing very wel Mr. Elston. When do you expect this work of deepening the riv( to commence ? Mr. Reed. The State engineers stated that they wanted to do this winter: said they were sufTering for want of water below an we are suffering from it above, that is, we are suffering from t< much of it when it rains. Tne State engineer is anxious to pr('-tT\ the water which spills over on us and which we do not want. RECLAMATION CHARGES, TRUCKEE-CARSON PROJECT. Mr. Elston. The next item is for reclamation and maintenam charges on the Paiute lands. For reclamation and maintenance charges on lands allotted to Paiute Inilia Avithin the Truckee-Carson project, Xevada, $10,000, reimbursable from any iuii of the Indians now or hereafter available. Mr. Meriit. I offer for the record the following justification: Tribe, Faiute ; population 4 Area of reservation acres . . >. ! Irrigable under project tlo >. ' Under constructed works do 1, 1' Actually iiTil. ( )|)('rati<)n and maintenance charges ' to June 30, 1920 $'M. '''•'>■ Estimated additional cost to <'<)mpleto •. >'.'0,(i Estimated cost per acre when completed * Average value of irrigable land i)er acre $1 > Operation and malntonuiioe charges are not coUoctod from water users. M VffT' INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 371 Work done by Reclamation Service. Average annual precipitation, 4 inches. Source of water supply, Carson River. Crops produced, alfalfa, strain, potatoes. Market for products, general Distance from railroad, 8 miles. In 1907 some 4,640 acres in the Truckee-Oarson irrigation project, Nevada, now inown as the Newlands project, were set aside for allotment purposes to the laiute ndians and water rights in behalf of the lands allotted to the Indians have hereto- :)re been acquired from the Reclamation Service, payment therefor being made at lie rate of S24 per acre. Ihe annual operation and maintenance charges against the jodian lands are being paid out of appropriations made by Congress, as these Indians re very poor. It is desired also to acquire water rights from the Reclamation Service |ir an additional area approximating 840 acres for allotment purposes to these Indians, |ie area of each allotment being limited to 10 acres of irrigable land. (I I invite your attention to the fact that this project has heretofore iflil^een supported out of the general irrigation appropriation for small JTigation projects. However, the irrigation section thought that we tiould have a separate appropriation for this for this year. Mr. leed can make any further explanation that you may desire. Mr. Elston. When all of this land is brought under irrigation ill it be more than is necessary to supply the needs of the Indians nder the allotments ? Mr. Reed. Not if they all work their allotments. Mr. Elston. There is a charge against this 5,000 acres in the way If moneys advanced by the Government; has that already been dvanced by the United States Treasury ? Mr. Reed. No, sir. Mr. Elston. There are no charges from the Reclamation Service gainst it ? Mr. Reed. There has been a good deal of money paid out which )mes from the general funds, Indian reservation irrigation, and that pi^ ^md four or five years ago was not restricted to the different projects. i'^e paid this amount of that last year. We were pretty hard put to ad funds to meet this payment as we were restricted by law, but e finally paid them, but can not do it again. Mr. Elston. Whft does this $10,000 annual payment' represent in le way of service to this land? Mr. Reed. Thst is the annual payment to the Reclamation Service ider their long-term payments for iriigation; we are simply part of leir system and have to meet these annual payments. Mr. Elston. And this $10,000 does not go in any way toward veling the land? Mr. Reed. It is simply for construction. Mr. Elston. Of the general scheme but applicable to expenses of jiat nature. jMr. Reed. Yes, sir; we simply come in as a settler comes in and {ke this land and they bill us the same as they do all the settlers. jMr. Elston. What are your plans in regard to getting all of that hd into use so that you can get the money back which is spent and ^^|"]hich you designate as a reimbursement? Mr. Reed. It is contemplated that it be used but the Indians are ])t able at the present time to irrigate this and it is contemplated to Jase all this tract not used by the Indians and get funds back in that ■'ay for this reimbursement. t .fj:. 372 indian appropriation bill, 1922. Tuesday, December 21, 1920. Mr. Elstox, Representative Evans, of Nevada, is here, and he d> sires to make a statement to the subcommittee. STATEMENT OF HON. CHARLES R. EVANS, A REPRESENTATIV IN CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF NEVADA. Mr. Evans. It is very kind of you to indulge me for a few moment I come without preparation, but I want to say tliat I spent two da; hist summer at the Indian school in Nevada. They are doing a mo meritorious work foi- those unfortunate people, and th^ thought whi( struck me is that while we are doing so much in the wav of charii' for foreign peoples we might be doing more for these unfortuna people. Here is a brave people. The Indians in my State entered in an agreement with the Ignited States, which they have sacredly kep they simply come to your doorstep and starve; they will not ste: They work whenever they get a chance, and the Govermnent is doii! a groat work in that Indian school. But they need more money j that they can increase their attendance. This added appropriatii would increase their attendance, perhaps, at least 40 per cent, ai they also need more kitchen and dining-room facilities, so that th can take care of a larger attendance. Mr. Elston. You say you made a personal visit to this school I Mr. P^vANs. Yes. AVhile I am retiring from service after this si sion, it would be a most meritorious thing to follow the request Mr. Snyder. He is a most able man and is taking a personal intt est in the Indians. Mr. Elston. You think there is no question about the necessity i' these additional facilities? Mr. Evans. There is absolutely no question about the necessity i* them. Ml". Elston. It is a pretty big country out there. Mr. Evans. Yes; and the Indians are scattered over a great \: State. They Avould like to go there to school, but they have not t facilities. I spoke to Mr. Snyder about it and we tried to get . additional appropriation of $26,000; then we tried for $*20,00(), al the $20,000 was for a dining room and the $6,000 for an office, but would be willing to relinquish the idea of more office facilities ai merely have the dining room, because that would permit thom to - crease their attendance. It strikes me that if there was an ad tional appropriation of, say, 15 per cent it would increase their tendance at least 40 j^er cent. It seems to me to be a good busins proposition to do that if you are in a position to consider it. Mr. Mekttt. You may be interested to know that we have €; mated $24,000 for a dining room and kitchen at the Carson School. Mr. Evans. I think that will cover it. Ml-. Mi;iurr. T agree with you that there is no urgent neeessity the office building. I was there myself two years ago, and notwii standing the estimate of the superintendent we omitted that from > i" estimates. Mr. Hastin(js, Haxc you a lettei- from the sujierintendent ro\ in<; this points Mr. Evans. Yes. I will wiite you n letter and iiu-lose his lel'i' to me. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 373 Mr. Elstox. You might do that, and then the letter, together with _^>ur statement, will appear in the record, and the letter and your gitement will supplement Avhat Mr. Meritt has stated along the ^me line. Mr. Eyans. I am particularly grateful for the confidence you ex- tad to my statement, and I thank 3'ou. :Mr. Hastings. We are very glad to have heard you. NEW IMEXICO. SUPPORT AND CIVILIZATION. Mr. Elston. We come noAv to the Xew Mexico items. I>EC. 13. For support and civilization of Indiiins in New Mexico, including pay oeniployees. $140,000: Provided. Tliat iu addition to tlie foregoing amount, not ei'eeding .$10,000 of the appropriation made for tlie support of Indians in Ari- zlia for the fiscal year 1921 may he used in the discretion of the Secretary of t • Interior for tlie support of Indians in New Mexico during said fiscal vear 1:1. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification : I I Support of Indians in Arizoiia and Neic Mexico. Fical vear ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated : . Arizona $200, 000. 00 New Mexico 130, 000. 00 F'cal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 330, 000. (X) Amount expended 330, 000. 00 Aiilysis of expenditures : [Salaries, wages, etc 163.818.21 i Traveling expenses ; 8. 776. Oi , Transportation of supplies 16,867.72 I Telegraph and telephone service 757. .57 i Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 319. 93 1 Subsistence supplies 23, 068. 10 Dry goods, clothing, etc 2,14.5.27 Forage 8, 056. 05 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 13,135.34 Medical supplies, etc 7. Oil. 56 Live stock 4, 213. (H) I Equipment and miscellaneous material 46. 454. .50 . Care of indigent Indians 2. 22.5. 73 {Medical and ho.spital expense 1,437.80 I Seetl and trees 2,214.31 I Miscellaneous -— 1, 667. 70 ■ Outstanding liabilities 27, 830. 67 : Total 330, 000. 00 I I Support of Indians in Arizona and Neto Mexico. PJ^al year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated $130,000.00 A.ilysis of expenditures: Salaries, wages, etc 62.119.27 Traveling expen.ses 3. 999. 68 Transportation of supplies 4,177.80 Telegraph and telephone service 438.93 Stationery, printing '-^~- '^1 Subsistence supplies 16, 118. 10 374 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Analysis of exi>enditures — Continued. Drygoods, clothing, etc $820. ft Forage 2, 848. 4 Fuel, lubric.ints, llo\^eI• and light service 5, lioO ' MfdUal suiiplies, etc 3, S42. i Live stock 3, ei any increase for New INIexico under this item? Mr. Meritt. No, sir. __ Mr. Hastings. Mr. Meritt, are the Indians in New Mexico ntider" separate ap;ency from the Indians in Arizona? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; but in the Navajo country, the superinten ent of the San Juan and Navajo Reservations has jurisdiction ov the Indians of l)otli States. Mr. Hastings. Is that in New Mexico oi" in Arizona? Mr, Meiu'ii'. In both States. Mr. Hastings. I mean the a °^ Value of agricultural products «-' roq Value of other school products c^o^ Indian monev, proceeds of labor (school earnings) expended— »0'^" 376 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Statistical statement for year ending June 30, 1*.>20 — Continued. Superintendent's e.srtimate of absolute needs for 1922 — Support Repairs and improvements New buildings Construction of sewer Central heating plant Equipment for kitchen, dining room, laundry, etc Total. Requested in proposed bill for 1922 — Support and education of 500 Indian pupils at the Indian school, and superintendent's salary Repairs and improvements Enlarging and improving sewer system Girls dormitory Total Positions and salaries, 1920 — Superintendent Clerk Assistant clerk Do , Physician Disciplinarian and physical director. Principal Teacher Do Do Do Do Do Kiudergartner Music teacher Domestic science teaclier_l Matron Assistant matron" Do Do Nurse Seamsti-ess Assistant seamstress Laundress Tailor Baker Cook Assistant cook Farmer Carpenter Teaclier of agriculture and dairyman- Engineer lilacksmith and wheelwright Gardener Shoe and harness maker Assistant disciplinarian Assistant Do Do Do I^ahorcr Do III' iliii r»4i si Total ^ INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. S']1 The aniouut requested for support and education of ."»()() pu|»ils, including pay superintendent, is $102,400. Tliis is coinputod on a basis of .S2(t() ikm- capita. The appropriations of $10,000 for repairs and iniproveuients during the fiscul »ars 1920 and 1921 have not been sufttcient to properly l";' '^i Traveling expenses '2'< 1 Trans])ortati(in of supplies l.O.'iT 7 Telegraph and telephone service I'.i. . . Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 8.'?ii. 7" Subsistence supplies 17. 9SS. O; Dry goods, clothing, etc 15. 2.'VJ. d' For:ige 4. 4.17. 2t Fuel, lubricants, power and light sel-vice 7.94(1. 4: Medical supplies, etc 419 7( Equipment and miscellaneous material 5. 257. .Si Burial expen.se 13o. (V Miscellaneous 134. 5.' Total SI. 21S. i: Repairs and improvements: Fiscal year ending Juno 30, 1921, amount appropriated S. (^)0. Fiscal .year endiMl June 30, 1920— Amount appropriatcnl 8. (HKi. 0< Amount expended 7. 917. B' Unexpended balance 82.4' Analysis of expenditures (repair of buildings) 7,917.5 Water supply : Fiscal year ending June 30. 1921. amount appropriated 2, 200. (X IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 379 rater supplj- — Continued. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 — Amount appropriated _ «o 200 00 Amount expended Unexpended balance. 1, 870. 91 Analysis of expenditures (water service). Itatistical statement for year ending .Tune 30, 1920 Value of school plant (real property) '_ Number of buildings. Number of employees ' Total salaries ~~" Average attendance of pupils ' Average enrollment ' Capacity ' Cost per capita based on enrollment ~. Cost per capita based on average attendance Area of school land (acres) Area of .school land (acres cultivated) A'alue of agricultural products Value of other school products Indian money, proceeds of labor (school earnings) expended- Superintendent's e.stimate of absolute needs for 1922 — Support Repairs and improvements New buildings Water supply Cottage Purchase land and construction railroad spur Total Requested in proposed bill for 1922 — ■ Support and education of 400 Indian pupils at the Indian school and superintendent's salary Repairs and improvements Water supply Improvement and enlargement of dining room Purchase additional land • Total 329.09 1, STO. 91 $196, 088 33 41 $27, 690 373 433 400 $175 $204 106 50 $17, 588 $7. 361 $585 $92. 250 11,000 35, 000 2,250 4, 500 7,000 152, 000 82, 400 12 000 3.000 35. 000 3,500 135, 900 Positions and salaries, 1920 — Superintendent Clerk Financial clerk Physician (contract) Assistant clerk Disciplinarian Assistant disciplinarian _ Principal Kindergartner Teacher Do Do Do Do Industrial teacher Domestic science teacher- Matron AssLstant matron Do 2, 250 1. ono 1,000 720 660 840 500 1,100 750 7.50 660 660 600 600 900 720 720 600 600 380 INDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Statistical stafeuieiit for year ending Jnne 30, 102() — Continued. Positions and salaries, 1920 — Continued. Nurse .S840 Seamstress t»GO Laundress, tKX) Baker _— 1 The sum of .$82,400 is needed for support and education of 400 Indian i>npils and for salary of superintendent. The amount requested for general repairs and improvements is .$4.(XH» more tlian was allowed last year. Only the most necessary repaiis have been made to school plants for the past few years and buildings have become run down. The amount heretofore allowed for repairs will not suffice to place the i>lant in good condition. There are many small children in the Santa Fe school who are too young to assist with the repair work, and more irregular labor must be employed than at some other schools. Three thousand dollars is requested for water supply for irrigation and do- mestic purposes. During 1921 the rat(> for domestic water has been increastnl. If the school is to keep up its oi'chards and gardens which depend upon irri- gation, and if sutMcieut water for domestic purposes is to be supplied, the entire amount requested will be needed. This school, with a capacity of 400 in other departments, can comfortably accommodate but 37.5 children in the dining room, whereas at times the nunil»er to be seated has reached 41"). It is desired to ivmodel the dining room, adding the space now used as a kitchen, and building a new kildien to the rear, '^lli^ will not only inci-ease the cainicity of the dining room but will permit re modeling the meat room and bakery located in the basement and provide space for a milk room, etc. It is desired to purchase a tract of 3.5 acres of good grazing land adjoining the school grounds as range for the dairy herd, and on this tract to const ri'i a railway spur from the end of the present Pankey's warehouse .sj^ur dinv i ii> the school warehouse and boiler house, so that freight coming in carload I :-. such jis coal, hay, etc.. can be mdoaded where used. The Santa K*^ school ii-is from 1,200 to L"»roved May 18, 191(>. provided .$2r),0(K) for cen impossible to construct Ibis building within the amount available, but a gym- nasium only can be built for that amount. It is therefore ri^iueste Avei'agc annual iirccipitalion lnches__ Source of water siiiiply, underground. Wells comiilcted during fiscal year, 0. Wells comitleted to June :^0, 1920, If.;?. For a nuinl)er of years we have lu'cn drilling wells to devt'lop mulcrgro water for stock purposes for the Pueblo Indians and also to su))iily tl' Indian villages witli water for domestic use. Water supplies of tills kind Ji ' KlKliti'i-n (lUTiTcnt l'ii('l)li)s. ■•"Operation iind iiialnti'iiaiu'c I'harKi's urc nut colli-clcd froni wntor iisors. rdi J* m r.i IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 385 .!x-viousIy been installed for the Pueblos of Aconia, Lajiniia. Isletii. Saixlia, tKanta Ana, and Santo Douiin.Lio. No work of this kind has been doni- for tii<> I'ueblos of Cochiti. Nambe, Tesuque, San Ildefonso, San Juan, I'icuris. and iraos. These Pueblo land .grants are scattered and the Indians of the I'lleblos tjirst named being in greater need of water for domestic and stock use, wells ivere first installed for their benefit. Some of the Pueblos last mentioned liave !i precarious supply more or less unsatisfactory, particularly during ' tion now or hereafter on deposit in the Treasury of the United States : Provi /. That Indian labor shall be employed as far as practicable. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification foi- road and bridge construction in the Mescolera Indian Rcservatiun, in New Mexico : Roads and J)ridgcs, Mesculcro Rcscrvalitjii. .Y. Mex. {Reimbursabh.) Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921; amount appropriated .Sl.">. 000. Oti Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 25. 000. 0(> Amount expended 23. Soiv 'n Unexpended balance 1 190 0- 7. 12.- 27' 14 Analysis of expenditures : Wages Transportation of supplies Fuel, lubricants, jxtwer, and light service 1. 0!»: Equipment and miscellaneous material , 11.5-_" Miscellaneims Outstanding liabilities ,. 3. 9-1' 23, 800. 5(1 The object of this appropi"':ition is to iirovide funds for continuing tlie con- struction of roads and bridges on the Mescalero Reservation in conformity with a report submitted several yeai's ago by an in..(H>( was made' for the fiscal year 1921— a total of .$40,tXR). However, owing to Hi. greatly increa.sed cost of labor and material since the original estimate was ni:i !> and also by reason of engineering difliculties not then antieipated. it is belifvi-ii that at least the amount requeslete the hole system ? Mr. Meritt. I doubt whether it will complete the entire system, ause the cost of road construction has increased to such an extent the last three years that the estimates made before the war hardly tain now. Mr. Elstox. Are you selling that timber for the benefit of the dians? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; we have recently made a sale of timber and ey will begin the cutting of that timber within two years. jVIr. Elstox. Have you the right to take from the proceeds of those "es the amount expended for this road without special legislation? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. We wnll, by a system of bookkeeping, re- burse the Government as soon as ample funds are availalile in the reasury to the credit of those tribes. Mr. Elstox. There is no question about that in your mind i Mr, Meritt. No, sir. Mr. Elstox. Have you detailed estimates as to what the whole sys- m will cost? It has now run from $45,000 up to $65,000. 'Mr. Meritt. The original estimate, made several years ago, was r $45,000. Appropriations have been made and the work is being ine, but owing to the increased cost of labor and material it is esti- jated that not less than $65,000 will be required to complete the [ lole system. Mr. Elstox. Have you spent all of the moneys that Avere appro- iat^'d in the two preceding fiscal years ? Mr. Meritt. Xo. sir : we are in process of expending the appropria- n for the present fiscal year. Mr. Elstox. Is there absolute necessity for this additional appro- 'iation in view of the fact that you have not expended all of the A'i'Aioneys heretofore appropriated ? ^1 I Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir ; because we have been unable to complete the miiji lads, and if we did not get this appropriation we would have i-V*'PLfinished roads. Mr. Elstox". And you want to finish those roads within at least <'o years in order to make the timber available? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. |Mr. Hastix'gs. What is the character of the roads that are being constructed — dirt or gravel? Mr. Meritt. Gravel and hard surface. iMr. Hastixgs. About how many miles are being constructed? F^^T. Meritt. When completed, there will be nearly 60 miles of road, r. Hastixgs. You say in the justification that you use Indian >pr as far as possible. As a matter of fact, has any Indian labor n used ? ^Ir. Meritt. Yes, sir ; we are constantly employing Indian labor. |VIr. Hastixgs. I mean on this particular work. Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. ;\Ir. Elstox. What is the area of this reservation ? 115 It* 1 388 IXDIAN^ APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Meritt. Four hundred and seventy-four thousand two hun dred and forty acres. It is a beautiful reservation, in the soutl central part of Xew Mexico, and is about CO miles north of El Paso. DRAINAGE OF PUEBLO INDIAN LAND. Mr. Elstox. The next item relates to the drainage of Puebli Indian land in the Rio Grande Valle3\ To eiiiible the Secretary of tlie Interior to provide for the drainafje of Puebl Inditiu hiiul in the Rio Grande Valley, N. Mex.. in connection with operatii ■ for the drainafie of lands in white ownership, in accordance with the l)rovi^ contained in section 13 of the act aiipi-oved February 14, 1920 (41 Stats. L p. 42:'.), .$]5,t!00, I'einibursable in accordance with such rules and regulations a the Secretary of the Interior may prescribe. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification : Trilie. I'ueblo, population y. ^' Area t<> l)e benefited by drainage, aci'es S, ^. Number of Indians to be benefited by drainage 1, 4(' Estimated additional cost to complete $11U. OOO.t Estimjited cost per acre when completed i>HA Average value of irrigable land" per acre .^l.">0. ( Work to be done in connection with lands in white ownership by irriiratio, districts organized under State laws. Average annual precipitation, 10 inches. Source of water supi)ly, Rio Grande. Crops produced, alfalfa, grain, vegetables. Market for products, general, good. Railroad through valley. The undergi-ound \vater plane of comparatively large areas of lanil ly ,_ the Rio Grande Valley is gradually rising, and unless properly drained < practically valuless for agricultural purposes. These lands are largely in ownershiii. but something over 8,000 acres of such land is owned in c b.v the I'ueblo Indians. Drainage districts are being organized pursuant to State statutes with ; of levying assessments on a per acre basis against the lands to be bi ; bsj^ such drainage. The Indian lands, of course, are not subject t the lands owned by the Indians of ihe «''»! San FeKiu', Sandia. Santa Ana, and Isleta I'ueblos. No moneys appropiia: hereunder are expend;d)le luitil the plan of work contemplated by the diaiii; districts has been examined and approved by the Secretary of the Interior. Mr. Elston. How much is available and still iinexpendoil ' Ml-. Meiut'I'. We have not expended any of the apjn'opriation nm in the current law. Mr. Elstox. The work has not been commenced under the gene plan? Mr. Mkritt. No. sir; we propose to cooperate with (he local ! thoritios in this drainage ju'oject. Mr. Ei.sToN. The annual payments which the Indians would expected to make under the general plan have not yet become d then, by reason of (he fact that the i)Ian liasjtot yet l)een adopted f Mr. Mkiutt. No, sir. Mr. Elston. And it is expected that those annual payments will $6,500 a year? I IXUIAX APPKOPRIATiON BlLl., Iy22. ;5y9 Mr. Meritt. AVe do not know iho exact iini!,unt vot. L.^ . -r- we got an appropriation of $6,000, but they have not^ actually he.rnu ^he drainage work and we are not at tliis time in a position 'to sFate -^^s :lie exact amount that will be due annually. ' '■j i Mr. Elstox. AVhen do you expect the plan to be perfecte.l and tiie I twoi'k commenced? Mr. Meritt. AVithin a very short time. "IM i ^^^'- Elstox. The $G.500 which wa^ api)ropriated last year is the I bnly sum that has been appropriated for this i)roject ? } I .Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. \ r IRRIGATIOX, SAX JUAX PUEBLO, Mr. Eestox. AVe will pass to the next item. Mr, Meritt. The next item reads as follows : For construction, operation, and luaintenance of an irrigation system for tlu* [Indians of tlie San .Juan Pueblo in New ilexico, .'?2().()0'), ninihui-sahle mider nidi rules and regulations as the Secretary at the Interior may iirestrilie. Mr. Elstox. This appears to be a new project. I Mr. ;Meritt. There has been some mone}- spent on this project jlieretofore. 3Ir. Elstox. You may read the justification and we will decide as to jurisdiction. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification : Suneifs, irricjation si/stem, Snn Jiitni Pitehlo, X. Mcr. Fiscal year eiidinjr .Tune .30, 1921. no appropriation. Fiscal year ended .June .30. 1920: Amount appropriated i?l, CKX). 00 Amount expended 996. 33 il Unexpended balance 3. 07 Analysis of expenditures : << Salaries, v.-ages. etc O-jS. 59 Traveling expenses 337. 74 'bei^ I 1 .:,^ 996. 33 Tribe, Pueblo ; population 422 iArea of reservation, acres 17, "vil Irrigable under project do 3, 3

Construction costs to June .30. 1920 — $8,336.2.5 Operation and maintenance to .June 30, 1920 ^$310. 92 Estimated additional cost to complete >2r), 000 Estimated cost per acre when completed •*?14 Average value of irrigable land per acre i^l25 Irrigation project, just commenced. Work done by force account, Indian labor being principally used. Average annual precipatiou, 10 inches. Source of water supply, Rio Grande. Crops produced : Corn, wheat, beans, oats, fruit. Market for products, local : good. Distance from railroad, 2 miles. ' Operation and maintenance charges are not collected from water users. 390 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. The area of irri.iial)le land available for the Indians of the San Juan I'uebl is exceedinjrly limit* (1 heinj; h>ss than 10 aeres per cai>ita. " Squatters" witlii this I'uehld cjainiini-' title adverse to the Indians furtlu-r reduce the ana irri.irahie land that is available at this time. The (luestion of title of .su<| squatters to their Imldinirs is now before the eourt of iid.iudicati(»n. The Rio (irande lUver is sulOect to excessive floods at times, which be ero.sk has further reduced the lands actually cultivated by the Inilians. To relief the urjrent necessity of these Indians for additional irrijrable lands, it is d^ sifi^ned to constiuct a "hijih-line canal " so as to brinfr under irriijation sever hundred additional acres of land not jireviousiy cultivate Area of reservation' acres 2, ."(K). tiOO Irrigable under project do IS, OOj^^i Under constructed works do 4, OflO< Actually irrigated do 1,430 < Cultivated by Indians do 1,100' Cultivated by white owners do 40 ' Cultivated by white lessees do lO ' Number of Indians engaged 11^ Number of whites engaged (owners) 3 Number of wh tes engaged (lessees) 1 Construction costs : For fiscal year .$14. 2fi:i. lil - To June 30, 1920 $2:^.1. 071. 78 | Operation and maintenance charges:* For fiscal year .$7, 430. (X» To June 30, 1920 $0.1, !>48. ( rj Estimated additi(mal cost to comi)lete $70. o(H1 Estimated cost per acre when C(»mpleted sj;i Average value of irrigable land per acre .'^UW Irr gat ion project stai'ted 1909. Work (lone by force account, Indian labor being principally used. Average annual preci]> tation, 12 inches. Source of water supply, San Juan River. Crojis pioduced : Corn, wheat, alfalfa, vegetables. Market for jiroducts, local, poor (home consumption). Distance from I'ailroad, 30 ndh^s. ^ J ' Tlu> Niivaio Kosorvntlon. which owinp: to its locution includes nlso the HopI coiinnT cov(>rs iui iii:>rrc«:it(' nrcn of Ix'tw.'i-n lU.OOO.OOO and i:?.(M)0.onO acres. Tlds lias liccu divided into six Indian school districts, one of wliich is llie San .luan Indian Scliool, New Mexico, liavin;^ .lurlsdiction over some •J,.'i(iO.(t(l() acres. 'rhi> country t;enerall.v h.i8 not liecn surveyed, lience the jurisdictional lair.ndarles are iiKlellnlle and tlie area Is estahlished hv "approxiniatlon only. The Ilo.i;liacl< project, desiK^ned to irrigate some 11,0(10 acres "of land for the Navajo Indians under tl>e jurisdiction of the San .luan School, derives its water supply fi'oni tli(> San .luan River. While the project has li'''a practically conipleled, yet further surveys show that 7,(K)0 acres In addition can he m;,' fdled with water hy an extension of tlie present system. The nuinher of Indians is urj,'e and the area suseepilhle of irrluation i xeee(lin;;ly limited, and It is desired to utlll/e the avallsihle water supply l.i the fullest (>xl(Mit i)<)ssihle. In addition to further construction v.ork, o|)eration and malnteiuince of the exlsllnn system is n«'cessary, and this has lieen unusually hluh during the past sevt-rnl years, ovviiiK to erosion of the IrrlKUhle lands hy the .San .liinu lilver, which necessitates consld<>rahle river protection work. 2 Operation and nmintenance char^res are not C(dlec|ed from wati>r users. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1()22. 391 You will note that there are 4,000 acres under const nioted works jind only lAoO acres being irrigated. This is a very poor showing bn that irrigation project, because every acre of tliat land should be lunder irrigation, and we will endeavor to get more of that laud inder cultivation b}' next year. Mr. Elston. The next item is a gratuity item : For painting and repairing the .'Jteel bridges across the Rio Grande at isleta and San Felipe, under the southern pueblo jurisdiction. New Mexico, irhich said bridges were constructed from nn appropriati<»ii contained in the ][ndian act for the fiscal year 1912 (36 Stat. L., 1062). .$8,000. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: KEPAIR OF BRIDGES, SOUTHERN PUEBLOS. Steel bridges were constructed across the Rio Grande at the pueblos of Isleta jd San Felipe, under the southern pueblos jurisdiction in New Mexico, from in appropriation in the Indian act for the fiscal year 1912 (36 Stat. L., 1062). fo funds have been provided for the upkeep or repair of these bridges, both t)f wliich are now in very bad condition, as they require painting and reflooring. The superintendent of that reservation has called our attention to [he bad condition of the bridges, and this appropriation seems neces- iry and urgent. p* FOR BRIDGE ACROSS SAN JUAN RIVER AT FARMINGTON. N. MEX. r Mr. Elston. The next item is another gratuity item : For the reconstruction of one of the approaches to the steel bridge across the an Juan River at Farmington, N. Mex., which said approach has been de- itroyed by high water, the bridge having been originally constructed with an .ppropriation of $25,000 made by the act of February 20, 1917 (39 Stat. L., ), .$6,000. or so much thereof as may be necessary. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: A steel bridge was constructed across the San Juan River near Farmington, J. Mex., from an appropriation of $25,000 made by the act of February 20, 1917 39 Stat. L., 926). One of the approaches to this bridge was badly damaged >y higlr water last spring ; in fact, about 45 feet of the approach was washed iway, so that the bridge can not be used in its present condition. A repre- entative of this service made an investigation of the damage, and he reports hat the necessary repairs can be effected at a cost of approximately 86,000. Onder the circum'stances. and as the bridge is of no service without the ap- iroach, it is recommended that this item be approved. Mr. Elston. Are there any general funds applicable to such an mergencY ? Mr. Meritt. No. sir. Mr. Elston. Do you have to get an appropriation from Congress repair a damage' of this kind that may occur anywhere over the ftdian country? Mr. :Meritt.' ^Ve do when there is no other appropriation available. t the appropriations for the support of Indians in Arizona and Xew Viexico were sufRcientlv large, we could probably do that work out of hose appropriations: "but there is such a demand on those appro- priations that we can not do any extra work and carry tm our regular .ctivities. 392 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Elstox. Now and then you do apportion monej's for em r- gencv i)in poses of tliis kind out of your general appropriation? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. What was the original cost of this bridge ? Mr. Meritt. Twenty-five thousand dollars. FOR SCHOOLS FOR ITJEBLO INDIANS. Mr. Elston, The next item is a gratuity item. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification for construction and repair of buildings for school purposes for the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico, $45,000 : In (trder that the Indians of the pueblos in New Mexico niijrht come into a chaser and more personal touch wltli their superintendent, and that the sur>er- intendent might give them personal supervision, advice, and assistance in help- ing them to solve their problems, the Indian pueblos of New Mexico h;i\i' been recently divided into a northern and southern jurisdiction. Each jin s- diction has its own sui'erintendent. In these pueblos there are approximatel.v 2.500 children of school age. ">i' this number, 958 are enrolled in day schools and 952 in nonreservation, in s- sion, and public schools. There remain 590 or more pupils of school age witii- out school facilities. Some of the schools are now c(»nducted in rented build- ings which are most unsuitable". In some of the villages there is a cryiiit: need for decent quarters for employees. A number of field matrons are housed in ramshackle buildings. All these conditions can not be overcome at once, and the amount asked will only remeay all other Seneca Tribes of Indians tlie sum of ?6.000 annual in the way and manner as heretofore prescrlbeil, to be paid out of any mon<\v ,. the Treasury not otherwise appropriated." Mr. Mekitt. The next item, for fulfillintr treaties with Six Xation of New York, for permanent annuity, in clothinor and other usefu articles (article C. treaty of November 11. 171)4), $4,5(X). is a treat- item and I offer for the record the followin^r justification: 1' 111 fill hi (J trcdtiefi irith Sir Xotions of Xcic York. Fiscal year ending .Tune 30. 1921. amount appropriatetl $4, ."(X>. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 4, .t<">0. Amount expended 2, 7.">5. 4 Unexpended balance 1, 744.5 Analysis of expenditures (dry goods, clothing, etc.) 2. 7."5. 4 This is a treaty item and is required for the purpose of fulfiUinf: obliiratiOE imjwsed upon the Federal Government by article 6 of the treaty of Novembc 11. 1794 (7 Stats., 44), which reads: " In consideration of the peace and friendship hereby establishe<1, and of ti engagements entered into by the Six Nations: and because the United Sratf desire with humanity and kindness to contribute to their comfortable support and render the peace and friendship hereby established .strong and perpetaa the United States now deliver to the Six Nations and the Indians of Mtht nations residing among and uniting with them, a quantity of goods of tt value of $10,000. And for the same consideration and with a view to promotit the future welfare of the Six Nations and of their Indian friends afore.sal the United States will add the sum of .$3,000 to the $1,500 heretofore allow* them by an article ratified by the Pre.^ident on the 2.3d day of April. 179 making in the whole $4,500, wliich shall be expended yearly forever in pn chasing clothing, domestic animals, implements of husbandry, and other ut«'nd suited to their circumstances, and in compensating u.seful artificers who sha reside with or near them and to be employed for their benefit. The immedla' application of the whole annual allowance now stipulated to be niade by tl superintendent appointed by the President for the affairs of the Six Nation and their Indian friends aforesaid." Mr. Elstox. These two items are rontimiino: items under the tro ties and are in perpetuity. I understand? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Ei.sTox. Ha^-e you ever had a le.000; In all. $77,000. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 395 Mr. Meijitt. I offer for the record the following justification : i 'v Indian school. Cherokee. A'. ('. seal .V( iir ending Juno 30, 1921, junoniit apiJi-opriatecL. _ . •S.'iT. .S(K». 00 iscal year ended Jnne 30, 1920: I, Amount appropriated .37,800.00 Amount expended 37. ,soO. 00 llysi.s of expenditures ■ Salaries, wac;es, etc 16,470.22, Traveling: expanses 20. (Ki Transportation of suppiies 187.50 Stationery, pi-intins. schoolroom supplies 3.30. 03 Subsistence supplies 7. S.3.S. 93 Dry .coods, clothin.^'. etc 4. 20.">. 24 Fora.sie 3, 034. 01 Fuel, lubricants, power and liaht service 1,430 So Medical supplies, etc .100.90 Equii)niont and miscellaneous material 3,729.20 ^riscellaneous 40. 4.") 37, 800. 00 |irs and improvements : i'iscal year endinji' .June 30, 1921, amount appropriated 10,000.00 ^-Fiscal year ended .Tune 30, 1920 — Amount appropriated 6. 00'). 00 An!ount expended •"). OS."). 91 Unexpended balance 14. 09 Ijsis of expenditures : ^Repair of buildings 4, 24.'i. 91 Outsta-dlns liab'lities ^ 1. 740. 00 ,5. 9S.5. 91 ^-'Statistical statement for year ending .Tune 30. 1920 — '^ Value of school plant (real property) Number of buildin.ss Number of employees Total salaries Average attendance of pupils Average enrollment Capacity Cost per capita based on enrollment .. Cost per capita based on avera.sje attendance Area of school land (acres) Area of school land (acres cultivated) Talue of ajD-icultural products Value of other school products Indian money, proceeds of labor (school earninss),expended- Superintendent's estimate o fabsolute needs for 1922 — Support Repairs and improvements New buildings, additions to boys' and girls' dormitories .$139 125 32 25 .$16 4S0 233 255 2C0 Jii-^r. *;i49 160 23 $4 355 $.5 199 '5701 .$40, 000 11 000 20 000 Total l^^m f 396 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Analysis of expenditures — Continued. ' R( quested nn proposed l)ill for 1922 — Support and education of 2(K) Indian pupii.s ar tiie Ir.dian scliool and suiieriutendenfs salary ;^40. aiis and improvements 12,' New buildinys, additions to hoys' and girls' dormitories 20. ( Horse barn "», (H Total - 77. (M Positions and salaries, 1920: Superintendent 1. tS( Cleric 1.2; Pliysieian 1,2' Disciplinarian ' Principal 1. • Teacher 7; Teacher ft Kinder^artner C> Matron 7 Assistant matron •" Seamstress Nurse Laundress Baker Cook • ^ Carpenter Shoe and harness maker ' Gardener Engineer Assistant Assistant Assistant Assistant As.sistant Laborer Total The sum of $40,000 for the support of Cherokee Indian School, Cherokee. N. will provide for 200 pupils in addition to the .superintendent's salary. Tin- 40 more than were appropriated for last year. The public schools of this Si forbid the attendance of Indian children. Twelve thousand dollars is requested for repairs and improvements. 'I hydroelectric lighting plant is being rebuilt, but can not be finished until n year because of lack of funds. All the buildings are of wood and require ( siderable repd Ity a moijern baii additions to the dormitories and the barn will cost about $25,000. I miorht add that tliis school is probably ('t)ndiu'tod inoiv ecoiioi cally than any other school in tlic Indian Service. Mr. Ileiuler^ the snjXM'inlendent of that rcscr\ati()n. has been very successful not only kee])injLi: the school filled beyond its capacity and fiirn educational facilities for a larjxer number of children than ('(>i appropriates for, but he has done this work at a very low cost ii Air. Elston. How many Indians are in North Carolina ( Mr. Meiutt. There are 8,208 Indians in North Carolina. Mr. Ki,STON. Are they all under the supervision of llie IncI i Bureau? INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 397 Mr. ^Ieritt. There are 2.432 Indians under the Cherokee Indian chool and 5,836 that are not under the superintendent's immediate lurisdiction. Mr. Elstox. Is this school convenient to all the territory occupied )y the Indians ? Mr, Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elstox. And this is the only aid ^riven to the Indians of North parolina ? ]Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elstox. Amounting to nearly 8,000 in number? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elstox^. The additions to your estimate are caused by the ne- lessity of a nevr girls' and boys' dormitory and the erection of a lorse barn i Mr. ]Meritt. Those improvements are necessary. AVe have in North Carolina Indian children of school age to the number of 783. and this vill only provide for a small number of those children. However, the state supplies school facilities for a large number of those Indians. Mr. Elstox. They are day schools? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elstox". AVhile this is a boarding school ? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Hastix^gs. You state in your justification that the public ichools of this State forbid the attendance of Indian children. Mr. ]\Ieritt. In white schools. Mr. Hastix'gs. Do you mean that the State supplies separate public chools ? Mr. Meritt. In some cases there are schools furnished exclusively 'or the Indian children. Mr. Hastix^gs. The Government does not maintain any day schools :or the Indians ? Mr. Meritt. We maintain four day schools in North Carolina in iddition to the boarding school. Mr. Elstox'^. Those are paid for out of the general appropriation? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastix'gs. How long has this law been in existence not permit- ing the Indians to go to the day schools ? Mr. Meritt. That is a State law, and I am not familiar with the aws of North Carolina. Mr. Elstox. Is the necessity for these new dormitories caused by in increase in attendance from 150 to 200 ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. You will note that we have a capacity there for 200 : we have an average enrollment of 253 and an average attend- \«k mce of pupils of 233, so that the school is overcrowded. These In- ym^ iians are without school facilities and we believe it is our duty to fur- pish them with educational facilities. Mr. Elstox. There is no question in your mind about the necessity for this appropriation of $20,000? Mr. Meritt. No, sir ; it is very much needed. Mr. Elstox. What have you to say about this horse barn? Mr. Meritt. The barn we have there now is very old and dilapi- lilited, and we need a modern barn for that school. Mr. Elstox. How many horses have you there ? Do you conduct a farm at this school ? ecoJ fiimi 398 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; we have a farm at the school, and we use tl, horses in taking care of the farm and also doing the work around tl school. Mr. P^LSTox. Does the superintendent employ student labor ft, some of the work about the farm i Mr, MEKrrr. Yes, sir; we use the student labor in cultivating tl' school farm and also in doing the work around the school; in f: that-is the case at all of our Indian schools. Mr. Hastings. I notice in your list of salaries that there is 8 estimate for a principal, two teachers, and a kindergarten teache Do you think those four teachers will be able to take care of tl increased number that will be provided for? • Mr. Meritt. It will probabl}' be necessary to employ one otln teacher to assist the principal and the two teachers, and we could c that out of the increased appropriation. Mr. Elston. What do you do with the annual sum allowed f< general repairs and improvements i' That is more than is iHMossai to tinker around the buildings, is it not ? Mr. Meritt. No, sir. With the number of buildings that we ha^ at these schools it is necessary to pay out a large amount of moiit every year to keep the school plants in proper condition, ^'ou wi notice that we have 32 buildings at that plant, and with the bo; and girls running back and forth in the buildings they tear things li considerably each year and large sums are necessary to keep tl buildings in repair. You will also notice that we are going to Hnif the hydroelectric plant at that school, and that is one reason wl we are asking for a small increase for general repairs and improv ments. I north DAKOTA. SUPPORT OF SIOUX, DEVILS LAKE, N. DAK. Mr. Elston. We now come to the Xorth Dakota items. Si'X'. IT). For supiKirl and civilization of tlie Sioux of Devils Lako, N. D^ iiicludinj; pay of tMiiployces. .$0,000. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification Support of Siou.r\ Dcrils Lake, V. Dak. >* Fi.scal year (mkIIiii: Jmio ^^0, 1021 ; amount appropriateil $.">, (XX)^ Fiscal y<'ar ended .lune 80, 1920: Amount appropriated H. (XK)J Amount expended 4, 97( ITuexpended balance- Analysis of exi)enditure.s: Salaries, wapes, etc 3,3: Transportation of siipplles lMO, Tele^rapli and telephone sei'vice , r>S, Stat ioiiery _-___ - Suhsisleiice supplies Dry fi;oi>ds, do hinji, etc '_ 1«l Koraye -Ml. Fuel, lubricants, power, and light service 1S7. Medical supplies, etc , 72. 1 1 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 399 imlysis of expenditures — rontiinierl. Efiuipment and niiscelljineons material f^-,-^ -.> :^re(lical service ~ '_" l'*'." tlo :\riseellaneous ~ ~ _ J ~ 44 38 Outstanding liabilities ~__~ _~__\S"_" 78 (H) Total 4,970.22 -nils is the same amount as has been granted in previous years for the nd- (liuistration of the affairs of 983 Indians of the Fort Totten V^eiicy These adians have no yet reached the stage where they can handle' tlieir" l.nmi-rty ■ithout supervision, and as a consequence it will be necessary for the Govern- 'ient to continue to render them assistance. The fund is used for the purchase and transportation of subsistence supplies |.iage for agency teams, fuel, medical supplies, and other miscellaneous ex- enses, and the pay of necessary employees. The full amount is neetled to conduct the affairs of this jurisdiction. SUPPORT OF INDIANS, FORT BERTHOL AGENCY. Mr. Elston. We will pass to the next i^^em. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification for jipport and civilization of Indians at Fort Berthold Agency, in 'orth Dakota, including pay of employees, $14,500. Support of Indians, Fort Berthold Ayencij, X. Dak. ■ al year ending June 30. 1921. amount appropriated .S14. .500.00 seal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 1.5. fMX). tl r a:,e TX) ''"P.^,^ _ i,.ui„ K.. f,. T^.nintn n one eniDlovee there t- - cea^ will probably be to maintain one employ ns are issued' to old Indians. It aviU be se the expiration of the trust period. FOR SUPPORT OF TURTLE MOUNTAIN BAND OF CHiPPEWAS. ATr Elstox The next item is for support and civilization > Turtle Mount^m Bimd of Chippe.vas, North Dakota, includnicr p. ""^m^^riTof^ for the record the following justification : SrPrOKT OF TXIUT..E MOX-NTAIX BAND OF CHIPPKWAS. N.^RTH DAKOTA. ^ Fiscal year endin, June 30. 1921. amount appropnated TiS. • Fiscal year ended June 30. 1920. 13 ,, ,,. . Amount appropriated 13, t ''•' Amount expended Analysis of expenditures : 5.031 Sain ries, wages, etc Tniveling expenses . ,:, T>ansiM)rtation of supplies-— - ^s Tele-Tiipli and telephone service .,1 Stati^mery, printin.ii-. sdioolroom supplies ., .,^^ Subsistence supplies - TlU. Ti'm"i<'e . 1 ('4*^. FueUubi^i^ants. power and light service :__"::: -■:'.. Medical supplies, etc " " l.n'.tl. luprlpnient and miscellaneous matenal :::::::" -'■><'■ Fair premiums " __'_ .StiO Care of indigent Indians --^ ^ - ..js Outstanding liabilities This amonnt is the same - -- ^-J^^i^tel" Sh' iSh.ns'of Z%{ for the support and ^-'^^^^^''Z^^^^l^^nHyeon the pi.hlif .lomMin uU Mountain .inris.lict.on m l''^^ \'^^ ^^^^^^^ ''riTe scattered hu-ation of these In.l, r;;::^;,^;^;::^ "nd'eW;c:s,";nupervis nmn .omd ,. .e,v - ..July employees, which is a ••''''J'^'^ '^. ^*^ ,,J ;^, \ ! a^ It will be m>i: or of Indians ami Ibe work '•'•'•"''■7' ,. '\' ^,^1 ,";,,,r 1920 for subsist. that approximately $2 24 -,;!;;';;;;„ ^Ir^,'^/,,;;; ,;.,„self-supp..rting lo 500 S40 ." ( »0 r^H) r. ( K> :".«x> r.tH) IHX) !H)0 !MX) .•?(H) SOO .•U)( 72<' t'.0< 4S< :'.(H t;(H :.i( 4(H t(H 4S( •IM 4. .Many of tiie buildiiig| are old and need constant reiiairing. The heating. \v«t»'r, and liglit plant 1 exiiensive, ixith to ojienite and keej) in repair. Ten tliousand dollars Is re chool and should be continued for the f)resent. INDIAN SCHOOL, WAHPETON, N. DAK. Mr. Elston. The next item relates to the Indian school at Wahpe- ton, X. Dak. : For support and education of 200 Indian pupils at tlie Indian scliool, Walipe- ron, N. Dak., and pay of superintendent, $46,800; for general repairs and im- .rovements, $10,000 ; in all, $56,800. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification for he Indian school at Wahpeton, N. Dak. : Indian school, Wahpeton, N. Dak. fiscal year ending .Juno 30, 1921; amount appropriated $46,800.00 fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : AuK.unt appropriated ___ 46, 800. 00 Amount expended * 45, 784. 89 Unexpended balance 1,015. 11 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 17.469.05 Traveling expenses 372. 70 Telegraph and telephone service 29.91 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies .520. 99 Subsistence supplies 9, 870. 45 Dry goods, clothing, etc 6, 186. 62 Forage 497. 20 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 7, 578. 75 Medical supplies, etc 181. 98 Equipment and mi.scellaneous material 2. 377. 48 Thrashing 343. 70 Seed 240.30 Miscellaneous 78. 76 Outstanding liabilities 37. 00 Total 45, 784. 89 ilepairs and improvements: Fiscal year ending .June .30, 1921, amount appropriated 7,000.00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 — Amount appropriated 6, 000. 00 Amount expended 5, 878. 09 Unexpended balance 121. 91 Analysis of expenditures — Repairs of buildings 5, 765. 31 niif^tonding liabilities 112. 78 5. 878. 09 I 406 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Shop building: Fiscal yrnr ending .Tnne 30, 1921. no aiipropriation. Fisi-al year ended Jniie 30, 1920 — Aini)niit approiiriated $3,000.00 Ani(»nnt expended 2, u97. 32 Unexpended halanoe Analysis of expenditures (construction of buildings). Statistical statement for year ending June 30, 1920: Value of school plant (property) $199, .".IJ Nunil)er of buildings Number of employees Total salaries $18. Average attendance of pupils Av(OC Tteciuested in proposed bill for 1922 — ,Siipi)ort and education of 200 Indian impils at the Indian school and superintendent's salary 4n. S0( Keitnii's and iniju-ovements 10, 'XX Total ".(•., S0( Positions and salaries. 1920: Superintendent 1 1. "^ Fin;'n'-ial clerk '.lO Clerk ., 1. 10 Physician (contract) .'.4 Disciplinarian tSft Princijial teacher 1 . tXK Teacher S4 Do (» Do (» Domestic science teacher 72 Matron 72 Assistant matron M Do - SO X\irse S4 Cook •- IM Assistant cook 48 Seamstress fiC T>a undress 4f Kngin»H'r Laborer Do Do Do I/aborer, months, $50 month 9t General mechanic 1, 21 18.81 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 407 I'he sum of $46,800 for support of Wahpeton Iiulian School, North Dakotn, will provide for 200 Indian ciiiidrfn at $225 per capita, in addition to tlic super- intendent's salary. The amount recpiested for repairs and improvements, $10,000, is nee This item provides for the authorization from tribal funds of $30,000 for the support and civilization of the Kiowa. Comanche, and Apache Indians under the jurisdiction of the Kiowa Agency. The Kiowa Agency has steadily increased its activities in the past .several years, due to the oil and gas developments on the reservations and the leasing and collecting of rentals therefrom. In addition, the handling of the farming operations and approximately $1,-500.000 of individual Indian moneys has en- Itailed work of large proportions. The analysis of expenditures shows that the fund is used for the paying of jemployees, purchase of fuel and illuminants, miscellaneous materials, etc., required in tlie conduct of the agency. This amount is asked for from tribal funds, in view of the fact that these [Indians have a large amount of money to their credit, and it is thought just and proper that they should contribute to the cost of administering their own kfCairs. I might add that there are 4.631 Indians under the Kiowa juris- Irliction and those Indians have to their credit in the Treasury jS2.636.491. Therefore we require them to pay their own adminis- trative expenses. i 'IfOR MAIXTEXAXCE AND SUPPORT. KIOAVA, COMANCHE, AND APACHE TRIBES. i Mr. Elston. The next is also a tribal fund item and seems to be he same as carried in last year's bill. That the Secretary of the Interior lie, and be is hereby, authorized to with- Iraw from the Treasury of the United States, at his discretion, the sum of ^2.50000, or so much thereof as may be necess-ary. of the funds on deposit to h'.^ credit of the Kiowa. Comanche, and Apache Tribes of Indians in Oklahoma, nd pay out the same for the benefit of the members of said tribes for their iiaintenance and support and improvement of their homesteads for the ensuing- ear and in such manner and under such regulations as he may prescribe: "rorided. That the Secretary of the Interior shall report to Congress on the irst ilonday in December, 1922, a detailetl statement as to all moneys expende^I IS provided for herein. (; Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: rribal funds of Apaches. Kioioas, and Comanches (maintenance and support and improvement of homesteads). Mscal year ending .June 30, 1921, amount authorized $2-50, 000 Iscal year ended .June 30, 1920 : Amount authorized 2.50. 000 Amount expended 170. 420 Unexpended balance 79. .580 Analysis of expenditures (per capita payment) 170,420 410 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. The imrpose of this item is to authorize the withdrawal of $25t),000 of the tribal fuiuls on deposit in the Unite>•". GS Transportation of .supplies 520. .5." Telegraph and telephone service 47.!. (V Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies Hi', s: Subsistence .supplies 54. 2t Dry goods, clothing, etc t>5. 8f Forage 12S. G- Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 4. :\:V.\. 5: Medical supplies, etc 59S. 3.' Equipment and miscellaneous material 3, ()S4. 2! IVIiscellaneous 27. K Outstanding liabilities 2. (">7<;. 05 35. 000. 0» This item is not an appropriation of general funds, but is an authorizatioi for the use of tribal funds. The item is required for the support of three agencies in Oklahoma bavin; supervision over approximately 2.700 CheycMuie and .Vrapabo Indians, and is ii the same anioimt allowed in the fiscal year 1921. which is n»'ces.sary for th proper conduct of the.se agencies. As the analysis of expenditures shows, these funds are u.sed for the pay necessary emjtloyees, equipment and miscellaneous materials, fuel, medicn supplies, traveling, and other necessary expenses int-ident to the admlnistralioi of the affairs of these Indians. INDIAN APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. 411 FOR SUPPORT OF KANSAS INDIANS, OKLAHOMA. Mr. Elston. The next item is for the support and civilization of the Kansas Indians in Oldahoma, inchidinff pav of employees, $1,500. ^ ' ^ I . ' ]Mr. ]Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: Suptwrt of Kansas Indians, Oklahonia. Fiscal year ending .Tune 30. 1921, amount appropriated $1,500.00 Fiscal year eurled .June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 1. .500. 00 Amount expended 1, 466. 67 M Unexpended balance 33. 33 Analysis of expenditures (salaries, wages, etc.) 1.466.67 This apin-opriation is for the same amount as in the fiscal year 1921 and is used for the pay of one clerk and the purchase of miscellaneous supplies and incidental expenses arising in the administration of the affairs of the Kansas Indians, who were formerly under the jurisdiction of the Ponca Agency, which has now been consolidated with the Pawnee Agency. Mr. Elston. I see that the whole of this appropriation is taken up in the payment of two clerks. Where are their headquarters and how do they supervise the affairs of these Indians? ^Ir. Meritt. At Pawnee. Okla. We have quite a large agency there, and they handle several tribes: this appropriation is used to pay for a part of the clerical work in connection with that admin- istration. ]Mr. Elstun. AVho pays the general overhead of the office? !Mr. ]Meritt. The Federal Government. Mr. Elston. Then this is a mere segregation of two clerks in the general office for detail in the administration of the affairs of the Kansas Indians? ^Ir. Meritt. Yes, sir. There are 366 Kansas Indians. ]Mr. El.^ton. What is the condition of these Kansas Indians ? Mr. Meritt. They are working on their farms and doing fairly well, but they need the assistance and supervision of the Govern- ment to protect them in their property rights. Mr. Hastings. How many of them are there? Mr. Meritt. Three hundred and sixty-six. Mr. Hastings. And what area of land have they? Mr. Meritt. Ninetv-nine thousand six hundred and fortv-four acres. Mr. Hastings. Is this land allotted? ^^ Mr. I^Ieritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. All of it? Mr. !MJERiTT. Practically all of it. Mr. Hastings. Are most of these Indians full bloods ? Mr. Meritt. Very largely. Mr. Hastings. Do many of them speak English ? Mr. Meritt. Most of them speak English. Mr. Elston. The next item appears to be a similar item. 1 1 412 INDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. FOR SUPPORT OF KICKAPOO INDIANS, OKLAHOMA. Mr. ]\Ieritt. I offer for the record the following justification for the support and civilization of the Kickapoo Indians in Oklahoma, including pay of employees, $1,800: Support of Kickapoos, Oklahoma. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated $1, 8(Rt. 0(> Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 1 2. (.Mtit. (Mi Amount expended 1, .")<>^. ."iS Unexpended balance 4:^c,. 42 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc D.'sa. (to Traveling expenses 74. 4."^ Telegraph and telephone service 7. .">(> Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 124. 7."> EquipniPut and nnscel'ianeous material 378. fK) Outstanding liabilities . 25. 0(i 1. r)63. aS This fund is used for the administration of the affairs of the Kickaimo In- dians under the jurisdiction of the sui)erintendent of the Shawnee Agency. Oklahoma, and is required, as shown by the analysis of expenditures, for the pay of one clerk, equipment, traveling expenses, etc. There are 194 of these Indians. Mr. P^LSTON. Where do they live, and what is their financial condi- tion ? Mr. Meritt. They live under the Shawnee Agency near the town of Shawnee, in the central part of the State of Oklahoma. Those Indians are mostly farmers and they do considerable work, but some, of them are old and dependent. They have no funds in the Treasury of the United States. Mr. Elston. There does not appear to be very much of this apj^ro- priation used for their subsistence. Mr. Meritt. We probably assist the old Indians out of the general appropriations. Mr. Hastings. Have the lands been allotted to them ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. All of them? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Under trust patents? Mr. Meritt. Some of the Indians have received patents in fee, but the trust period has not expired on the land, and only alleged competents have had patents in fee issued to them. FOR SUPPORT OF PONCA INDIANS, OKLAHOMA AND NEBRASKA. Mr. Elston. The next is an item for the support and civili/a\i(m of the Ponca Indians in Oklahoma and Nebraska, inchuling pay of employees, $8,000. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 413 Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification : Support of Poncas, Oklahoma. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amoinit api>i'opriated .$8, (KX). 00 i"is(al year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 8, 000. 00 Amoimt expended . 4, 895. 30 Unexpended balance 3, 104. 70 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 2,971.16 Traveling expenses 28. 93 Telegraph and telephone service 56.20 Stationery 2. 00 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 794. 80 Medical supplies, etc 120. 46 Equipment and miscellaneous material 630. 23 Outstanding liabilities 291. 52 4, 895. 30 The Indians benefiting under this appropriation are under the jurisdiction <>£ the Pawnee Agency, Okla., and the Yanlvton Agency, S. Dak. This appropriation, as shown by the analysis of expenditures, is used for Tlie pay of necessary employees, the purchase of fuel and illuminants, equip- ment, forage, and miscellaneous agency expenses incidental to the supervision I if the atfairs of these Indians. There are a few Poncas up in South Dakota, but most of the Poncas are located in Oklahoma, Mr. Hastings. You say Nebraska in the bill, and in j'our justifi- cation. South Dakota. Mr. Meritt. It is South Dakota. Mr. Hastings. You say that ought to be South Dakota, or is the agency in Nebraska? Mr. Meritt. The agency is in South Dakota. Mr. Elston. The agency which administers this fund is in Okla- homa. Mr. Meritt. The Yankton Agency is just above the Nebraska line in South Dakota, and those Poncas may be living in Nebraska. Mr. Elston. What agency disburses this fund of $8,000? ]Mr. Meritt. The agency in Oklahoma. Mr. Elston. What is the condition of the Poncas in Oklahoma? Mr. Meritt. The Poncas are doing fairly well. They are farmers, ■ and their lands have been allotted. They have discovered oil on that reservation in the last two or three years and some of the Indians are getting a considerable income from oil royalties. Mr. Elston. Did you state how many Poncas there are? Mr. Meritt. There are 1,025 Poncas. Mr. Elston. Do all of them receive the benefit of this fund of $8,000 ? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. There are 665 Poncas in Oklahoma and 361 Poncas under the jurisdiction of the Yankton Agency, S. Dak. Mr. Elston. How many restricted Poncas and how many have been allotted and the restrictions removed ? i Mr. Meritt. Three hundred and thirty-three patents in fee have been issued to Ponca Indians in Oklahoma on original allotments, 414 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. and about 200 patents in fee have been issued to Ponca Indians under the Yankton Agenc}'. All of these Indians have been allotted. Mr. P2lston. The last three items we have trone over appear to represent the expirinjr efforts of the bureau s service for these Indians, who seem to be pretty well provided for. These items ap- pear to provide for the payment of clerks and a very small pait of them jro for subsistence. I think that the conmiittee can well con- sider the advisabilit}' of brin4,G(K): for general repairs and improvements, .$1."),(X)0; for new huildintrs and additions to and remodelin.a: of present buildings, !i;229,(X)0; in all, $33S.G(K). Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification for the Indian school at Chilocco, Okla. : Imlinn School, Chilocco, Okla. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921 ; amount appropriated $94, 6(^>0. OO* Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated • 94, iSOO. 00- Amount expended 94, tiOO. GO Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, wages, etc 42, .">24 Transportation of supplies tV2. 28 Telegraph and telephone service 2.*^S. 9? Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 3TS. 3# Subsistence supplies 2S, 7S7. 9(1 Dry goods, clothing, etc 4, 443. 09 Forage •>'<'S. Ott Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 2, 073. Tt Medical siipiilies, etc 720.11 Equipment and nuscellaneous material 7,024.38 Hospital exi)ense 24;". 0( Uefund of tuition 2. 0( .Seed I.., I , MI7. 9f MiscellancMjus 3(j> 3C Outstanding liabilities 6. :«9. Of 94. cm. 9 I INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 415 Repairs and improvements: Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated $15, 000. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 7, 000. 00 Amount expended 6,997.53 Unexpended balance 2. 47 Analysis of expenditures- Repair of buildings 5, 842. OO Outstanding liabilities 1, 155. 53 6, 997. 53 Roads and bridges : Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated 4, 697. 40 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 — Unexpended balance 10, 199. 28 Amount expended 5, 506. 88 Unexpended balance 4. 697. 40 Analysis of expenditures — Hauling ballast ; Fuel, lubricants, power and light service Outstanding liabilities iVater and engineering system : Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921. Total- Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920— Amount appropriated Amount expended Unexpended balance Analysis of exi>enditui-es— Equipment and miscellaneous material- Outstanding liabilities ii Total itatistical statement for year ending June 30, 1920 : Value of school plant (real property) Number of buildings Number of employees Total salaries Average attendance of pupils Average enrollment Capacity Cost per capita based on enrollment Cost per capita based on average attendance Area of school land (acres) Area of school land (acres cultivated) Value of agricultural products Value of other school products Indian money, proceeds of labor (school earnings), expended. No appropriation. 4. 697. 40 5, 499. 18 4.26 3.44 5. ."lOe. 88 C) 20, 000. iM) 19, 202. 53 797. 47 1, 3.58. 46 17, 844. 07 19, 202. 53 $701, 670 58 52 .$45, 710 453 560 500 $148 $183 8. 580 6, 050 $74. 999 $3. 464 $42, 535 416 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Statistical statement for year ending June 30, 1920 — Continued. Superintendent's estimate of absolute needs for 1922 — Support Repairs and improvements Total ! Requested in proposed bill for 1922 — Support and education of 550 Indian pupils at Indian school and superintendent's salary Repairs and inijirovements New buildings Total Positions and salaries. 1920 — • Superintendent Assistant superintendent and principal Chief clerk Assistant clerk Do Do Property clerk Physician Disciplinarian . Senioi" teacher Teachei- Do Do Do Do Do Do Do Do Librarian Domestic-science teacher Matron Assistant matron Do Do Dining-room matron Nurse Seamstress Cook Laundress Teacher of agriculture Farmer Assistant farmer Nurs(M'yman Stockman Engineer . , 1 Assstant engineer Do Printer J -_ .MMson__J (ieneral mechanic Shoe and harness maker Ulacksmith Pand leader Painter Carpeiiler Hostler Night watchman : Paker Laborer Do Assistant $94, GW 15.001 109. 60( 94.601 15, (MH 229. (X> 33S, OO*' 2, 75) 1,S0 1, 4(> ;>o •10 S4< S4 1, 20 1,00 90 S4« SI Sh 72 72ti 0® GO (^O^i 72 GC 6C tX C>0I S4l 7Sl 1.2CI 1.201 721 1. 0( 1.01 L401 841 1.20 90 84 84 84 84 84 SC 7i .'V; (H 7J 71 3( 45.71 'I INDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 417 The appropriation requested for support is the usual one for maintenance and operation of tlie Chilocco School. A special appropriation of $229,000 is estimated for the upbuilding and improvement of the plant, and the reasons explaining the importance of this will l)e briefly given. Tliis is the only non- reservation school in Oklahoma, possessing a fine plant of buildings constructed of native stone, which ai'e within a reservation comprising approximately 8,")00 acres of the most fertile land in this region. Climatic conditions and soil possi- bilities are of the highest order and the present purpose is to make of the insti- tution an agricultural and military school of the highest possible standard, which will offer to Indian students of the State of Oklahoma a thorough edu- cation, comparable with that which the State agricultural college affords its white citizens, and comparable, in fact, with the training given by any similar State institution. " * The conditions at Chilocco are similar to those throughout the State and an Indian boy thus trainetl will be in position to take up this work in his home community fully equipped to cultivate his own acres, handle his stock, and be- come a creditable and self-supporting citizen of the State. Steps have already been taken to obtain and place at the school a high grade of cattle, horses, hogs, etc. This plan can not be fully consummated without such construction and im- provement of the plant as will provide space for the acconunodation of 800 students. This will not be done by building new dormitories, but by building accommodations for employees and other acti\ities now occupying space in the present dormitories. The necessary construction will include new employees* •quarters, hospital, domestic science building, gymnasium, hog house, additions, and remodeling the present hospital into apartments for married couples, ad- dition to the .school or academic building lavatory annexes to homes 2, 3, and 4, improvements to heating and plumbing and various other remodeling in :! order to adjust and rearrange the space to ihe end that it may be most ad- vantageously used. In order to have efficient and economic operation of such :jI an institution it is necessary that these improvements be provided and the read- fl justments made. For the Indian girls full training is being and must be afforded in domestic f, arts and home economics in order to fit them for the part which they are to play in the upbuilding of the Indian home. The estimate of $15,000 for general repairs and improvements is the usual amount heretofore appropriated for general purposes of the character indicated. Mr. Elstox. a subcommittee of the Committee on Indian Affairs visited the Chilocco School last spring and took a great deal of tes- timony, so that we are pretty well advised about the general situa- tion. 1 doubt very much whether we will be able to authorize this very large expenditure for new construction in view of the present state of finances, but I think we have all the data necessary to con- sider the matter. yir. Meritt. The commissioner has visited this school a number of times in recent vears, and this building program has been very care- fullv worked out, and it is urgently desired that the appropriation, if possible, be made for the new construction. Mr. Hastings. Is the assistant superintendent still in charge there ? Mr. ]Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. You have not yet appointed a superintendent ? Mr. Meritt. No, sir. FOR FULFILLING TREATIES WITH PAWNEES, 0KLAH0:MA. , Mr. Elston. The next is a treaty item : ' For fulfillins; treaties with Pawnees, Oklahoma: For perpetual annuity, to be paid in ca.sh to the Pawnees (art. 3. agreement of Nov 23, lS92^'_!'^0'2^]<^XnA^ support of two manual-labor schools (art. 3. treaty of Sept. 24, ISoO. $10,000; for pay of one one farmer, two blacksmiths, one miller, one enguieer and ap- ' 26630—21 ^27 418 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. prentices, and two teachers (art. 4, same treaty). $5,400; for purchase of iron and steel and other necessaries for the shops (ai-t. 4, same treaty), $500; for pay of physician and purchase of metlicines, $1,200 ; in all, $47,100. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification for fulfilling treaties with the Pawnees, Oklahoma : Support of Paicnees, scliooU, Oklahoma. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated $10, 0( mi. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 10. 0(m). 00 Amount expended 9, 105. 17' Unexpended balance 894. 83 Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, wages, etc 1,807. 50 Traveling expenses 39. 47 Transportation of supplies 4(>. .37 Telegraph and telephone service 21. OC Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 120. 7( Subsistence supplies . 2. 57o. S£ Dry goods, clothing, etc 2. 191. 47 Forage 717. 26 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 1,074. 51 Medical supplies, etc 3.9^ Equipment and miscellaneous material 458. Of 9. 10.-.. r, Fulfilling treaties nith raicnecs, Oklahoma. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated .$30. 00oses. Mr. Elston. That seems to indicate that the real object for which the treaty was made has lapsed, does it not? ]\Ir. Merttt. AVe purchase some material, as required by the treaty, but a considerable portion of it is used for educational purposes. Mr. Elston. What is the financial condition of the Quapaws? Mr. Meritt. Some of the Quapaws are fairly well to do; they have large incomes from royalties in connection with lead and zinc mines, but they have no tribal funds to their credit. Mr. Elston. If the time ever comes that the Government is to be relieved of a treaty of this kind, Avhich is not considered as having been made in perpetuity, what time would you figure that to be? Mr. Meritt. In order to be perfectly fair with the Indians, after the Government has released jurisdiction over them, then I think the treaty should be commuted. Mr. Hastings. How many Indians are under this agency? Mr. Meritt. There are 837 Quapaws, but there are 2.107 Indians at the Seneca School. There are a number of different bands under that agency. FOR support and EDUCATION, OSAGE TRIBE, 0KL.\H0MA. Mr. Elston. The next is a tribal fund item. , That the Secretary of tlie Interior is hereby authori/eil to witlulraw from the Treasury of the United States, ;it his diseretion. not to exeeed the sum of .$45,000, or so nuich thereof as may be necessary, of the money on deposit to tlie credit of the Osa^e Tril)e of Indians in Ol^hiboma, to be exjiended ft>r the sui)port, education, and systematic vocational instruction of ()sa.u:e clnldreu: J'rovUlcd, Tliat the expenditure of said money sliall include tlie renewal of the l)resent contract with the St. Louis Mission Hoarding' School, except that tlicre shall not be expended more than .i;3(X) for annual support and (Hlucation of any one pupil. Mr. Mkritt. I offer for the record the following justification in connection Avith the Osage boarding school: Indian monci/s, proceeds of labor, Osaye School, Oklahoma. Fiscal year ending June .'iO, 1021: Amount ai»pi'i''ated !i?4r>, (KK». 00 Fiscal year ended .lune 30, ]920: Amount approi)rlated 40. OOf). 00 Amount exi)ended 40, (H>0. 00 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 421 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc $22,005.24 Traveling expenses 121. 44 Telegraph and telephone service 139. 30 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 200. 25 Subsistence supplies 4, 79S. 40 Dry goods, clothing, etc 730. 30 Forage 2, 185. 2S Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 41. 07 Medical supplies, etc 203. 71 Equipment and miscellaneous material 2,011.91 Repair of buildings 2. 438. 02 Care and education of pupils in mission schools 504.31 Miscellaneous 459. 50 Outstanding liabilities 3, 434. 55 40, 000. 00 The act of June 28. 1900 (34 Stat. L.. 539), provides for the continuance of the Osage boarding school for a period of 10 years from January 1, 190T. until January 1. 1017. P>y suliseqiieiit Indian appropriation acts this period has been extended until June 30, 1921. The proposed legislation will enable the Indian Service to continue the Osage school in operation for the fiscal year 1922. Concerning appropriation for the Osage boarding school at Pawhuska. Under existing law a specific appropriation is made from Osage tribal funds for the maintenance, provided the cost per pupil shall not exceed $300 for the sclnx)! term. Sixty-one pupils (39 full bloods and 22 mixed bloods) now attend, which will cost $400 per pupil. The full bloods desire, and have expressed to the House committee when visiting Pawhuska in May last their desire that this school be continued (p. 285, hearing). Mixed bloods have always advocated abolishment. Although full bloods desire the school continued, they are very indulgent with their children in permitting them to go to whatever school they desire. Naturally the children desire to remain at home and attend local schools in order that they may he free during the evening to follow their own inclinations, and parents provide them with automobiles to go and come as they please, which they can not do if they attend boarding schools. Many full-blood Osage parents have left their allotments, moved into Pawhuska, Fairfax, and Hominy, and rented houses at from $50 to $85 per month in order that the children may attend the schools in such towns. As the parents employ white housekeepers, they themselves travel about in their automobiles, xand as many children returning from school find their parents gone, they frequently get their dinners n restaurants, afterwards attending moving-picture shows or the boys pool Ihalls, and later, weather permitting, ride in automobiles as late as they desire. Should Congress pay the money of restricted full bloods under supervision, such Indians could then be required to remain on their allotments, invest por- tions of their large income (this year $10,000 each) under supervision in stock, improvements, etc.. and their children be then required to attend this boarding school where they are under proper supervision. Pending such legislation to pay money under supervision, this school should be continued, and should such legislation be enacted the school could then be Tbuilt up. Meantime, it is suggested that Congress make the per capita cost {applicable to the pre.sent year not exceeding $400 per pupil. There are 2.147 Osages. and they have in the Treasitrv at this ime $5,767,217. In addition, the Osages are receiving large royal- ies. which will amount this year to approximately $10,000 per apita. That is one case in the Indian Service where the Indians eallv have too much money. Mr. Elstox. The per capita cost at this school represents much ore than is being expended by the Indian Service at the other arding schools. Mr. Meritt. About twice the amount. Mr. Elstox. Why do you ask for that amount? 422 INDIAX APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. Mr. Meritt. Because the Osage Indian children Avill not do any "vvork around the school, because of their financial condition, so that it is necessary to have employees to do everything around the school and also to buy everything for the school. Mr. Hastings. What is the atteridance at this school ? ]Mr. ^Meuiit. Sixj;y-one pupils. Mr. Elstox. You believe that this school should be continued because that if it were discontinued the condition might be worse than the rather deplorable condition you picture at the present time? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; I think the school should be continued for the present, even though it costs a larger sum per capita. Mr. Hastings. How many Osage children are in attendance upon the St. Louis Mission Boarding Scliool? Mr. Meritt. Four. roR surpoRT of osage agexcy, okla. Mr. Elston. The next is a tribal-fund item: The Secretary of the Interior is herohy authorized to withdraw from tlie Treasury of the United States, at his discretion, not to exceed the sum of $90,000. or so nuicli thereof as may be necessary of the funds on deposit to the credit of tlie Osase Tril)e of Indians in 01. .">4 Traveling expenses 2,024.41 Trans])ortati(»n of supplies Telegraph and telephone service Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies Fuel, lubricants, i)()wer and light service iMIuipnieut and miscellaneous material Repair of l)uihlings Kent of l>uildings ^ 1, !»5».".. 1)0 Miscellaneous 397. 04- Outstanding liabilities 2. 9.ST. r»7 79. 72 .-.37. 23 2. 107. 00 2. 9S7. 41 4. 370. oa 20.".. 98 T C4, 70r.. J)ft Tills item is ff)r tlia general suitiiort of Osage Ageui-y, iucludiug jiay of agency emi>Ioyees, tribal ollicers, iiiclutling a tribal attorney, and tln>ir e.\pen.ses. The amount asken for the liscal year 1921. Tile increase is Justitied on tiie foHowing grounds: It is estimated that it will nnpure at least 100.000 for agency imrpo.sos. In- cluding salaries iind exix'uses of the tribal council, the salaries of which have recently been increased in compliance with the reiiiiest of a former council. There Is al.so included an Item for salary and expenses, in<'luding stenographer, of a trllial attorney. Of the amomit estinmted for, .$20.(HH) is dt>sired to be im- mediately availal)le for (he.> Stationery, printing, .schoolroom supplies 783. 30 Fuel, lubricants, ijower and light service 1,020.93 Equipment and miscellaneous material 4. 421. 5^ Rent of buildings 1, 810. 75 Miscellaneous 202. 77 Otustanding liabilities 1. lOS. 71' 35. 00<1. 00 T( m del ill )[\ p. This estimate is an increase of .$10,000 over the amount appropriated for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 1920. The increased appropriation is necessary owing to the activity in leasing Osage lands for oil and gas-mining purposes- and the increasing development and production which must be cared for in, the interest of the O.sage Indians. On June 30, 1920, there were 3S5 wells being drilled — 5,849 producing oil wells and 57G producing gas wells. During the fiscal year ended June 30. 1920, there was a gross production of 17,077,348 barrels of oil, and the Osage Tribe received a total i-evenue for the year from royalties on oil and gas and bonus t<>r|'j| leases amounting to .$17,778,510.87. Practically all the reservation, coveiinar"" 1,500,000 acres, has been leased for gas *nd approximately one-third of the i (>;- ervalion has been leased for oil. This appropriation takes care of the field operations antl the othei appropriation takes care of the administrative business. ^iv. Hastings. Are they all under the agencj^ at Pawhuska ? Mr. Mekitt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. Are all these employees at work in the office there! Mr, Meritt. They are field employees, but occasionally go into tM office and perform work. Mr. Hastings. There are 1,.500,000 acres of land there? Mr Mekitt. Yes, sir ; in Osage county. Mr. Hastings. You are asking for this item of $150,000 to be ex pended in connection with that acreage? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir: the Osage council has approved the item and, in fact, are urging that this money l)e ai)propri:ited so that thoi business can be more expeditiously' handled. FOR CONSTRUCTION OF riREPROOF nUIIJ)ING, OSAGE AGENCY, OKLA. Mr. Elston. The next is also a tribal fund item. That the provision in the Indian Approi)riation Act for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, authorizing the exjienditure of not exceetling $.50,0(K) from unex- pended Osage tribal funds heretofore appropriated for construction of a llre- judof ollicc liiiiidiiig till- Osage .Agency is hcrehy amended to provide that not exceeding .$l(K», end the same in the construction of six employees' cottages, said sum to be immediately available. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: CONSTRUCTION OF EMPI^YEES' COTTAGES, OSAGE. This is a new item for the authorization of the expenditure of tribal fundi of the Osage Indians for the construction of sis cottages for employees. The item is justified by the fact that it is impossible to secure the services o' employees and additional help at the salaries allowed witlumt furnishing quar- ters, as is customary at most of the other agencies. During the past year it has been found necessary to quarter some of the agency (Muployees in the giils' dormitory of the boarding school, while for others who could not be care»l lor in the employees' cottages, of which there are about 10. it has been necessary t rent 3 hou^s in the town of I'awhuska. As additional employees will required during the next year to carry on the work incidental to this jurisdic? tion, there is very urgent need for the construction of the said cottages. Mr. Hastings. This would provide, then, for the construction of six cottages for employees, at a cost of $7,500 each? Mr. Meri'it. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. Is tluit not a rather large approi>riation for a cottage ? Mr. Meritt. We may be able to construct the cottages for $0,0i each, but we will need a number of new cottages there to provide fo the increased work. Mr. Hastings. You think there are only 10 employees' buildings there now in connection Avith that agency? It is my recollection there are more, but I may be mistaken. Mr. Meritt. That is about the correct number; it has been some time since I visited that agency, but I think that is the correct number. FIVE civilized TRIBES. FOIl EXPENSES OK ADM INISTIIATION. Mr. Elston. The next item is the Five Civilized Nations. nvK CIVILIZED TKIUES. , Sec. 18. For expenses of administrallon of the affaii-s of the Five riviliztKl Tribes, ( »UIaln>iiia. and (lie (•ompcnsalioii of t-niployees, . Stat of Okhilionia belonging to the restricted class, to be contlucted as an iiulustrU school under the direction of the Secretary of the Interior, $45,000; for repair and improvements, $8,000; for dining hall and equipment, $40,000; In al $93,000. I ««1 Mr. MERrrr. I offer for the record the following justification: Cherokee Orphan Training School, Fire Civilized Tribca, Ohlahoma. Fiscal year ending .Tune l\0, 1021, amotuit apjiroprlated $;<7, nOO."^ :a] INDIAN APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922, 431 Fiscal jear ended Juue 30, 1920: Amount Jippi'opi-iated <|;3.-, OOO 00 Amount expended 3.-,; (xja 00 Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, wages, etc H^ 832 33 ji[tl Traveling expenses ~~ ' S.IO. 40 Telegraph and telephone service 79.' 04 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 178." 87 Subsistence supplies 8 383 24 Dry goods, clothing, etc 5,' 564. 70 Forage 707. 05 Fuel, lubricants, pov>-er and light service 1, 714. 70 Medical supplies, etc 162. 88 Equipment and miscellaneous material 2,092.40 Funeral expenses ' 219. 75 Miscellaneous . 209. 52 Outstanding liabilities 3^ 502. 92 35, 000. 00 Repairs and Improvements : Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated $8,000.00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920— Amount appropriated 8,000. 00 Amount expended 8, 000. 00 Analysis of expenditures — Repair of buildings 4, 666. 50 Outstanding liabilities 3, 333. 50 8,000.00 Statistical statement for year ending June 30, 1920. Value of school plant (real property) $70,438 Number of buildings 25 Number of employees 16 Total salaries $10, 350 Average attendance of pupils 151 [Average enrollment 158 Capacity 180 po.st per capita based on enrollment $185 Cost per capita based on average attendance $194 Area of school land (acres) 180 ea of school land (acres cultivated) 87 alue of agricultural products $2,654 alue of other school products $1,995 ndian money, proceeds of labor (school earnings), expended $355 Superintendent's estimate of absolute needs for 1922 : Support $45, 000 Repairs and improvements 8,000 New buildings 45, 000 Repairs to road 1,000 Total 99, 000 ;od: Requested in proposed bill for 1922 — Support and education of Indian pupils at the Indian school and superintendent's salary 45,000 Repaii's and improvements 8. 000 New buildings 40, 000 Total 93, 000 432 IliTDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, Positions and salaries, 1920. Superintendent $1. ;'>00'' Clerk iiitO Physician (contract) 000 Principal teacher 765 Tntei-niediate tcudier o8» , Primary teacher 588i "' IMAiiual-training teacher 900 Matron GOO Boys' matron 405 Seamstress 480 , Laundress 480 "1 Cook (KK) }k Nurse 450 Farmer 720 Laborer 540 j, Night watchman 240 Total 10. 35C With the completion of the new dormitory this year the capacity of the k irr'i sni Bit scliool will be increased and an attendance of 200 is anticipatetl for 1922. The amount requested will jtrovide for this number of children at a rate of ."<225 per capita. The amount requested for jreneral repairs and improvements is the same as that allowed in previous years. With the increase in dormitory capacity a dining hall and kitchen with neclfiiii cssary equipment will be required. For the present arrangements are being m made to use the basement in the new dormitory, but this would not be a deslrpii able permanent arrangement. Mr. Elston. Then the increase in this appropriation is caused by the necessity for a new dining room ? Mr. Meeitt, Yes, sir. A new dining room and equipment Mr. Elston. What is the status of this school ; is it one which the GoA'ernment expects to maintain for all time, or is it one which th( Government expects to hand over to the State of Oklahoma when al restrictions are removed from these Indians? Mr. Memtt. I think this school should be continued until the re- strictions are removed. This is a school for the orphan Indiar children of the Five Civilized Tribes and seems to be an unusualljjp'j' meritorious school. Mr. Elston. The dining hall you think is a necessity? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Hastings. The original building connected with this schoo* Avas constructed soon after the Civil AVar, either 1870 or 1875, wheied Tribes is 2.">,731, not including Freedmen. Of these, there were enrolled in the public schools about 18,523 ; in Goverinnent schools, about 2,210 ; ii\ contract schools, 004 ; making a total enrollment of 21,337. , The plan for distribution of this fund during the fiscal year 1921 is prac- tically the same as that followed in 1920. You will note that we are askines from the tribal funds of thos* nations, within his discretion and under such rules and regulations as he may prescribe: And provided further, That the Secretary of the Interior is hereby empowered, during the fiscal year ending .Tune 30, 1922, to expend funds of the Choctaw, Chickasow. Creek, and Seminols Nations available for school purposes under existing law for such repairs, improvements, or new buildings as he maj deem jessential for the proper conduct of the several schools of said tribes. I '.] Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification : Choctato and Chickasaw tribal funds. (Expenses, sale of unallotted lainls.) Fiscal year ending June 30. 1921, amount appropriated $7,500.00 Fiscal year ended .Tune 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 10, 000. OC Amount expended 10. (XMt. OC Analysis of expenditures ; Salaries, wages, etc 4. 2s:>. 34 Traveling expenses 2ST. 42 Advcrlising land salens 4. SOS. 9( Equipnii'iit and miscellaneous material 5(U). 28 ■^ hi Ota! 10,000.1 U hi INDIA]!sr APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 435 '^^M^ By the act of May 25, 1918. $30,000 was allowed for this ]nii-i)ose fseo par. 8 iprvi f'^^ ^^^- ^^^' ''^"^^ ^y ^^^^ ^^^ of P\'l)niary 14, 1920, ,$T,r>(K) was allowed, of which ujj^ * $2,o00 was to be used in the collection of rents' on unallotted lands. kcji i During last year, from November 17 to 29. 1919, inclusive, there was sold at 'i^r^"^^^*^" in the Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Nations 732 tracts of unallotted timber and surface of the segregated coal and asphalt lands, containing .33.704 acres. Two tracts' of unallotted land, Cherokee Nation, were sold. On November 2G. 1919, seven lots, belonging to the Creek Tribe, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, were sold. There are still to be sold in the Choctaw and Chickasaw Nations 36,502 acres of unallotted lands, including timber lands and surface of '.the segregated coal and asphalt mineral deposits. There are also 2.219 town lots, valued at $40,000, yet to be sold, and tribal ^ school and improvements valued at $105,000 to be sold, and the total estimated riat( * value of the Choctow and Chickasaw unsold tribal property is $15,075,668.20, tltj ^- which total includes the value of the coal and asphalt deposits. :v f' In the Creek Nation there are yet to be offered for sale 107 town lots, in ''|N Muskogee and Tulsa, valued at $90,000; 3 boarding schools, Nuyaka. Eufaula, and Scapulpa. valued at $69,000, and unsold unallotted land, valued at $3,000, making a total of $162,000. In the Seminole Nation there are yet to be sold 122 acres of unallotted lands, valued at $2,400 ; 640 acres of land reserved for school purposes, being the Emahaka Mission School (320 acres), A'alued at $16,700; Mekusukev Boarding School (320 acres), valued at $25,000. making a total of $44,100. High-salaried auctioneer, with the necessary employees detailed from the office of the superintendent, with railroad expenses and board incidentals with the tribal officials in attendance, and their expenses necessarily involve a large 'outlay of funds. Several employees are detailed with considerable travel and per diem exi>euses involved in collecting the rents from the unallotted lands ^of the Choctaw and Chickasaw tribes, for which $2,.500 of the $7,500 was set iside for that purpose. In addition to that justification, Mr. Chairman, I would say that there is considerable bookkeeping and clerical Avork in connection _^witli the lands heretofore sold on account of the deferred paj^ments. FOR FULFILLING TREATIES WITH CHOCTAWS, OKLAHOMA. Mr. Elston. The next is a treaty item. For fulfilling treaties with Choctaws, Oklahoma : For permanent annuity j[:art. 2, treaty of Nov. 16, 1805, and art. 13, treaty of June 22, 1855), $3,000; Cor permanent annuity for support of light horsemen (art. 13, treaty of Oct. |18. 1820. and art. 13, treaty of June 22, 1855), $600; for permanent annuity ffor support of blacksmith (art. 6, treaty of Oct. 18, 1820. and art. 9, treaty of t'Jan. 20, 1825, and art. 13, treaty of June 22. 1855), .$600; for permanent annuity for education (art. 2, treaty of Jan. 20, 1825, and art. 13, treaty of June 22, 1855). $6,000: for nermanent annuitv for iron and steel (art. 9, treaty of Jan. 20, 1825, and art. 13, treaty of June 22, 1855), $320; in all, $10,520. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification for fulfilling treaties with the Choctaws, Oklahoma : FiilfiUino treaties icith CJioctaics, Oklahoma. .^^■^P'iscal year ending .lune 30, 1921, amount appropriated SIO. .520 fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 10. 520 Amount expendetl None. This item is for the purpose of carrying out the provisions entered into with the Choctaw Indians. Article 13 of the treaty of June 22, 1855 (11 Stats. L., [611-614) reads in pait as follows: The amounts secured by existing treaty stipulations, namely, pernranent [annuity of $3,000, under the second aiticle of the treaty of 1805: $600 per l&nnum for the support of the light horsemen, under The thirteenth article of the treaty of 1820; permanent annuity of $6,000 for education, under the second 436 IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. article of the trenty of ]82n; $60( Do OOC Do <>0( Physician (contract) 72t Disciplinarian SXK Assistant disciplinarian 72t Teacher 'M Do S4( Do S4< Do S4< Do 78r Do 72t Do <;w Do 'JO* Do ^>0» Industrial teacher 72i Domestic-science teacher 72< Matron '"^ Assistant matron <'0^ y Do <">0' Assistant matron <»0 Do Ot> Do ■»» Do 5* SuiuTintendent of industries 1.20 Nurse -_- 8* Sewing teacher Assistant seamstress 1 Do -. rS m I 1- Hi INDIAN APPROPKIATION BILL, 1922. 441 Statistionl stafeuient for year ending June 30, 1920 — Continued. Positions and salaries, 1920 — Contiivued. Laundress $540 Assistant laundress 420 Baker 840 Coolv 600 Hospital coolv 480 Carpenter 900 Assistant carpenter 720 Blacksmitli 900 Tailor 800 Gardener ^_ 1, 000 Shoe and harness maker 780 Engineer Ij 400 Assistant engineer 720 Printer 1, 000 Painter 720 Laborer 720 Do 720 Do 720 Do 720 Do 720 Do 500 Assistant (Indian) 600 Do 300 Do 300 Do - 300 lit. Assistant 300 Total 44, S20 1^ The sum requested, $122 400, is for support and education of 600 Indian [; pupils, including native Indian pupils brought from Alaska, and for pay of ' superintendent. This amount is based upon .$200 per capita. Twentv-five thousand dollars is requested for repairs and improvements. There are about 60 buildings in this plant, mostly frame construction, which L' were erected 35 years ago and which need continual repairs. These, together [:' with the repairs to water, steam, electric, and sewer systems, require fully the amount requested. It is impossible to heat the buildings at the Salem school with the present heating plant, which is old and worn out. The children can not be kept com- fortable, and the expense for fuel is tremendous, being $28,000 per year. Tlie ? proposed new heating plant will effect a great saving in fuel. The boys' dormitory is to take the place of the old inadequate and insanitary building which has been condemned as unfit. Much sickness among tlie boys is I-' attributed to the condition of the present old building. I might add that I visited that school this last summer and found a |very urgent need for the heating plant and for the boys' dormitory. Mr. Elston. How long has this school been in existence ? Mr. Meritt. Some thirty-odd years. The buildings are mostly frame, and because of the excessive rains in that area they require [constant repair and improvement. Mr. Elston. Do you think this is a permanent school m view ot conditions? , , . . ^ Mr. Meritt. This is one of our permanent schools ; it is a very fane institution and is splendidly managed by Superintendent Hall, who took charge of that school a few years ago when it was m a run- down condition ; he has built up the plant ; and it is now one ot the best schools in the service. » , i • ^i i- Mr. Elston. What additions do you get from Alaska m the way of pupils ? :Mr. Meritt. We get about 100 pupils from Alaska. 442 INDIAX APPKOPEIATIOX BILL, 1922. Mr. Elstox. Is that the only provision you make for the educa- tion of Alaskan Indians? Mr. Meritt. That is the only provision the Indian Bureau makes for them. The Bureau of Education is primarily responsible for the Alaskan Indians, our jurisdiction not extending to Alaska. Mr. Hastings. It was my recollection that the Alaskan Indians were not under the supervision of the Interior Department. Mr. Meritt. They are under the supervision of the Interior De- jjartment, but under the immediate direction of the Commissioner of > Education. . I Mr. Hastings. We do not appropriate anj'thing for the Alaskan^ Indians other than in this item. Mr. Meritt. That is true. Mr. Hastings. To what tribes do those Alaskan Indians belong? 3 Are there any names for them ? f Mr. Meritt. Some of the Alaskan tribes of Indians are the Tsimp- sean, Hydahs, Tlingets, Athabascans, Aleutians, and Eskimos. Mr. Elston. Last 3'ear you had an appropriation of $15,000 for a high-pressure boiler and steam-heating installation. Was not that supposed to take care of the heating arrangements? Mr. Meritt. That was for the purpose of taking care of the im- mediate necessities existing at that time, but the heating system at that school has been entirely inadequate for a number of years. During the war we did not like to ask for such a large appropriation, so we asked for a small appropriation simply to carry us over until better conditions prevailed. Mr. Elston. Has that money been expended or is it in course of being expended now? Mr. Meritt. It is in course of being expended now, and this large expense will be necessary to supplement the appropriation already made by Congress. Mr. Elston. The new boys' dormitory is to take the place of the existing dormitor}^ ? Mr. Meritt. I was in that dormitory last summer and found it to be old, dilapidated, and in a deplorable condition. The Government really should not keep children in such a building. It has resulted in sickness and general dissatisfaction among the boys who occu[)y that building. Mr. Elston. You ask for $25,000 for general repairs and improve- ments. Is it possible to improve the present dormitory under that appropriation? Mr. Meritt. No, sir. We will have to tear down that dormitory because it is too far gone to repair. Mr. Elston. What did you do with the $25,000 appropriated last year and a similar appropriation made in previous years for the repair of buildings? Mr. Meritt. We have 66 buildings at that school; most of them, -are of frame construction, and we need that full amount to keep those biiihlings in ])roper repair each year; $25,000 should be ap- propriated this year to keep the buildings in ])roi)er rei)air, and whenever it is necessary to have some new construction we will re- _ quire an additional api)r()j)riation. The superintendent in his esti-ij^v,*' mates requested two dormitories to cost $70,000 eacli. but in making J m m 5i|! fcnd *ir liiiei k ape lor ■erol loflff for) i vein, itioD iiiiti NOl !ar2t INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 443 ? up the estimates we thought we should not ask for such a Large ap- propriation at this time. IPOR support and civilization, GRANDE RONDE AND SILETZ AGENCIES, OREG. Mr. Elston. The next is a gratuity item for the support and civilization of Indians at Grande Ronde and Siletz Agencies, Oreg., jncluding pay of employees, $2,500. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: Support of Indians, Grande Ronde and Siletz Agencies, Oreg. fiscal year ending June 30, 1921: Amount appropriated $2,500.00 Mf E iscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 3,000.00 P" Amount expended .-^ 2.916.22 Unexpended balance .'S3. 7S ^alysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 1, 730. 50 Traveling expenses 93. 03 Transportation of supplies 41. 58 Telegraph and telephone service 29. 25 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 24.81 Subsistence supplies 372. 25 Dry goods, clothing, etc 40. 50 Fuel, lubricants, power, and light service 109.85 ^ledical supplies, etc 79. 89 Equipment and miscellaneous matei-ial 394. .56 2, 916. 22 This appropriation is used for the pay of employees, for purchase of sub- sistence and medical supplies for issue to the needy and sick Indians, forage, I tli« fuel, equipment and miscellaneous expenses, in support of the Grande Ronde and Siletz agencies, which are combined under one superintendency, with jittj headquarters on the Siletz Reservation. Tiwrf We have on that reservation 432 Siletz Indians and 318 Grande -ulto Ronde Indians, making a total of 750. The Siletz Indians have to vcup! their credit in the Treasury $41,019. and their tribal property is <^lued at $248,819 : the Grande Ronde Indians have nothing in the prort Treasury to their credit: these Indians have been allotted and it rtb is onh-"a question of time when the work of that agency can be finally wound up and those Indians required to look after their own niitoi] affairs. Mr. Elston. Are the financial affairs of these Indians in such ^\\i shape that this could be made either a reimbursable item or be ap- [or tk propriated out of tribal funds ? Mr. Meritt. No, sir. IRRIGATION PROJECTS, KLAMATH RESERVATION, OREG. 11 Mr. Elston. The next is a tribal fund item : The Secretary of the Interior is hereby authorized to withdraw from the -ifii-'reasury of the United States the sum of $15,000 of any tribal funds on ■ ri Seposit "to the credit of the Klamath Indians in the State of Oregon, and to " ixpend the same for improvement, maintenance, and operation of the Modoc A: 444 INDIAX APPEOPEIATIOX BILL, 1922. Point, Sand Creek, Fort Creek, Crooked Creek, and miscellaneous irrigation projects on the Klamath Reservation, said sum, or such part thereof as may be used, to be reimbursed to the tribe under such rules and regulations as the Sec- I'etarj^ of the Interior may prescribe. Mr. Mekitt. I offer for the record the following justification for an irrigation system on the Klamath Reservation : * Maintenance and operation Modoc Point irrigation system, Klamath Reserva- tion, Oreg. {relmbtirsable). Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated $4, 000. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 5, 000. 00 Amount expended 5, 000. 00 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 8, 817. 23 1 Telegraph and telephone service 1. 01 ■ Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies G. SOi Subsistence supplies 63. 84 [ Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 84.65 Equipment and miscellaneous material 179. lo! Outstanding liabilities 847. STBft IF -«i 5, 000. OOpti Tribe, Confederated Klamath ; population 1, 132 Area of reservation acres__ 1, 196. 895 Irrigable under project do 140, 000 Under constructed works do 15. 000 Actually irrigated do 3, 102 Cultivated by Indians do 1,880 Cultivated by white owners do 1, 214 Cultivated by white lessees do None. Number of Indians engaged 50 Number of whites engaged (owners) 20 Number of whites engaged (lessees) None. Construction costs for fiscal year $16,231.31 Con.'^truction costs to June 30, 1920 ?2.58, 472.53 Operation and maintenance charges for fiscal year ^ $5,912.47 Operation and maintenance charges to June 30, 1920* $25,781.01* Estimated additional cost to complete, $2,400000. Estimated cost per acre wlien completed, $20. Average value of irrlgal)le land per acre, $100. Irrigation project started, 1900 . AVork done by force accomit, Indian labor being principally used. Average aimual precipitation, IS inches. Source of v/ater supply, various reservation streams. ('rops produced: Hay, grain, A'egetables. Market for products: Local, good. Railroad through project. Several small irrigation projects on the Klamath Reservation, such as tlie Modoc Point, Sand Creek, and additional projects, afford a total irrigable area available for use of the Indians approximating 15,W0 acres. The appro- priation asked for is desired mainly for operation and ujikeei) of existing sys; tems, and does not contemplate any extensive additional construction. .^ Mr. Elston. This appropriation has been changed from a reim bursable api)ropriation to payments out of the tribal f;mds. Mr. Mkiutt. Yes, sir. ^Ir. Elston. Are the affairs of those Indians in such shape that the (jovernment will obtain reimbursement for the expenditure? already made? (Is Fia Operation and maintenance charges are collecte , oC [ J. ft 30 i 1 Si. plj-e 5J illlO 3( ■lino L0( 7( 111 S'. 71 mDIAX APPriOPKlATlOX BILL, 1922. ' 447 Statistical statement for year eiuliiig June 30, 1920 — Continued. Positions and salaries, 1920 — Continued. Laborer $840 Do 720 Do 540 Do., $40 per niontli (6 months) 240 i Assistant OHO Do 600 Do 480 Do ' 300 Do 300 Total 27, 930 Tlie item $80,750 is for support and maintenance of 350 pupils and super- intendent's salary, $2,000. Tliis is the same amount that was appropriated for the last fiscal year and includes snbsistonce, clotliing for pupils, fuel and light- ing, salaries of school employees, and other expenses connected with the proper maintenance of the school. For general repairs and improvements $10,000 is needed. This includes ap- proximately $5,000 for a new boiler and repairs to steam and water systems, leaving about $5,000 for the general upkeep of the school plant, which consists of 40 buildings. Several of these buildings, as well as the steam, lighting, and water systems, have been in use from 20 to 30 years, and repairs are constantly needed. The school is favorably located and is well equipped, has a large farm, is doing excellent work, and should be maintained for several years, in order that adequate facilities may be furnished for advanced Indian pupils from adjoining States, from which the school largely draws its pupils. Mr. Elstox. Your justification seems to intimate that eventually {that school may be closed I Mr. Mekitt. Yes, sir ; practically all of those northwestern schools [will be closed within a period of between 10 and 20 years. !Mr. Hastings. ^Vhat is the attendance at tliis school ? Mr. Meritt. The capacity of this school is 360, the average enroll- ment is 340, and the average attendance of pupils 283. During the rar, because of the enormous extra cost, some of our schools ^^'ere not )le to keep filled to capacity, and we had difficulty in keeping some ^hools open witli the monej^ appropriated b}^ Congress. INDIAN SCHOOL, PIERRE. S. DAK. Mr. Elston. We will go to the next item. Mr. Meritt. The next item is for the support and education of — Indian pupils at the Indian school at Pieri'e, S. Dak., including pay of iperintendent, $58,250; for general repairs and improvements, $8,000; in all, 16,250*- md I offer for the record the following justification : Indian School, Pierre, S. Dak. fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated $58. 25 0. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : o o-n i .\mount appropriated ^^' "^ 1-*^ Amount expended 45, 178. 76 Unexpended balance ^^' ' 1- --^ 448 IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, v.ages, etc $17, 176. 63 Telegraph and telephone service 86. 44 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 77 58 Subsistence supplies 10, 477. 87 Dry goods, clothing, etc o. 7t)i). 16 Forage 625. 00 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 4, S3G. 06 Medical supplies, etc 185.45 Equipment and miscellaneous material 1,793.34. Burial expense 200. 00_ J\redical service • 194. 50" Seed 174.95 Miscellaneous 19. 38 Outstanding lialnlities 3, 571. 40 45. 178. 76 Repairs and improvements: Fi.scal year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated 0, 000. 00 [ Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 — Amount appropriated 6, 000. 00 1 Amount expended 4, 727. 85-| Unexpended balance 1, 272. IS^ Analysis of expenditures — Repair of buildings 4, 510. 371 Outstanding liabilities 217. 48H 4, 727. 85] Repairs, etc., to artesian well : Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, no appropriation. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 10, 000. ' Amount expended 658. 72| Unexpended balance 9, 341. 28| Analysis of expenditures — Wages, etc : 422. 251 Telegraph and telephone service 2. Ofi Equipment and miscellaneous material 234. 658. Statistical statement for year ending June 30, 1920: Value of school plant (real property) !{itl8, O^njltildit Number of buildings " Number of emplovees 211 Total salaries $18, 4a^l|,e; Average aitendance of pupils iT Enrollment IS Capacity 2£._ , Cost per capita based on enrollment $2Hp ^Ir, Cost per caiiita based on average attendance •'^-^•Liir Area of school land (acres) '^■^Min «* Area of school land (acres cultivated) IT K , , ;^'; Value of agricultural products ,$6, <^*'"'^ ^^ Value of otlier products Indian moneys, proceeds of labor (school earnings), expended-- $2,11 IXDIAX APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. 449 Statistical statement for year ending June 30, 1920 — Continued. Superintendent's estimate of absolute need for 192:i— Support .$58,250 Repairs and improvements 7,000 Irrigation system '5OO Artesian well 25, 000 Total 90. 750 Requested in proposed bill for 1922 : Support and education of 250 Indian pupils at the Indian school, Pierre, S. Dak., and superintendent's salary 58, 250 Repairs and improvements 8, 000 Total 66, 250 Positions and salaries, 1920 — Superintendent 2, 000 Clerk 1. 000 Financial clerk 720 Physician ( contract) 720 Disciplinarian 720 Principal 1,000 Teacher 660 Teacher 600 Teacher 600 Teacher 600 Matron 720 Assistant matron 600 Assistant matron 500 Assistant matron 300 Seamstress 540 Laundress 500 Cook 500 Nurse 840 Farmer 900 Carpenter 780 Shoe and harness maker 720 Engineer li 100 Assistant 300 Assistant 300 Laborer 600 Laborer 600 Total 18, 420 The item $58,250 is for support and maintenance of 250 pupils, including the superintendent's salar5', which is $2,000. For general repairs and improvements $8,000 is needed. This is $2,000 more than was appropriated for the last fiscal year and includes the purchase and installation of an electrical machine, which is necessary because of the increas- ing cost of electrictv, and for repairs to the school plant, which consists of 32 buildings. Many of these buildings are old. and frequent repairs are needed to prevent deterioration. The amount asked for is about 3* per cent on the valuation of the school buildings, which is $218,073. The school is favorablv located, being almost surrounded by Indian reserva- tions. It has a good farm and reasonable facilities for such industrial training as it is called upon to furnish. Mr. Elstox. The next item is: For support and education of 275 Indian pupils at the Indian school, Rapid Citv, S. Dak., including pay of superintendant. .$63,875; for general repairs and improvements, including construction and repair of roads, $8,000; for complet- ing new .school Iniildinc and assembly hall, $5,000; for equipment of dining hall, kitchen, new school building, and assembly hall, $o,000 ; in all. $81,8 »o. 26630—21 29 450 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification r Indian school. Rapid City, S. Dnk. Fi.scal year endinfr June 30, 1921, amount appropriated .S(>j. sTr>. (H> Fiscal year ended .Tune 30. 1920: Amount appropriated 03. ^~~2- '!!] Amount expended oS, OOl. S7 ^ — 1 Unexpended balance .■>, 800. 13 " Analysis of expenditures : | Salaries, wages, etc 23,340.8.1 Traveling expenses 114. 62 Transportation of supplies 1,240.10 Telegraph and telephone service 16:>. 30 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies r)02. 24 Subsistence supplies 8, 092. 28 Drv goods, clothing, etc 2.722.02 Forage 128. 90 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 7,004.28 Medical supplies, etc 2sr>. .^3 Equipment and miscellaneous material 4, 8."')7. ;t3 Miscellaneous _: 120. 71 Outstanding liabilities 8. 223. 11 ; Total 58, 065. 87 Repairs and improvements : Fiscal year ending .Tune 30, 1921, amount appropriated 8,000.00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 — Amount appropriated 8, 000. (K) Amount expended 8. 0(TKX 00 Analysis of expenditures — ■ Repair of buildings Outstanding Iial)ilities Total 7, 220. OS 779. 32 8. IXX). 00 Statistical statement for year ending June 30, 1920 : Value of school plan (real property) $2.36.785 Numlier of buildings 42 Number of employees 33 Total salaries i?22. 320 Average attendance of pupils 170 Enrollment 318 Capacity 300 • ('ost per capita based on enrollment .'<156 ('ost per caj)ital based on average attendance Si:92 Area of school land (acres) 1.3JH) Area of school land (acres cultivated) 3.'S0 ' Value of agricultural products $8,280' Value of othi-r school products .$484 Indian moneys, proceeds of labor (school ejirnings) expended.. !?1,.")48 Superintendent's estimate of absolute needs for 1922 — Support $G9..-)» Repairs and improvements, Including farm improvements and construction and repair of roads and sidewalks, .$."),0(H> to be made innnediate'y available l.'i. (K)0, Completion of school building and assembly hall, or so nuicli thereof ns may be neces.sary .>. (KK)y Equipment of dining hail and kitchen, new school build- ing and as.sembly hall 3,000 Total 01. •■»W tt h Ml 'or INDIAN APPROPrjATION BILL, 1922. 451 Statistkr.l statement for yenr eii(liii.i,' June ;{(), 1!)20— Continued. Kequested in proposed iii 1 for 1922 — Support and education of 27.1 Indian pupils at the Indian school, Rapid City, S. Dak., and superinten .".. OOO .">, 000 Total SI , 87.") IH Positions and salaries, 1920 — Superintendent Clerk Assistant clerli Principal Disciplinarian Physician (contract) Teacher Do Do Do Domestic science teacher. Industrial teacher Matron Assistant matron Do Do Nurse Seamstress Assistant seamstress Laundress Assistant laundre.ss Baiter Cook Farmer Assistant farmer Carpenter Shoe and harness maker__ Engineer Dairyman Assistant Do Do Laborer 2,000 1 , 000 600 1,000 soo 720 720 600 600 60O 600 720 720 660 600 .540 840 660 300 540 300 540 600 900 30O 900 720 900 720 3(^0 300 300 720 22, 320 Total The amount of .$63,875 is for support and maintenance of 275 pupils, plus the feuperintendent's salary, $2,000. This is the same amount that was appro- priated for the last fiscal year. For general repairs and improvements $8,000 is needed. This is slightly fnore than 3 per cent on the valuation of the school plant, which is $236,875, -'^ ind is necessary for the general upkeep of the plant, the purchase of a new )Oiler, repairs to heating system, and repairs to roads. The school plant con- sists of 42 buildings. Several of these buildings are old and constant repairs lire needed. For completing new school building and assembly hall $5,000 is needed. A!> ippropriation of $45,000 (.$.30,000 and $15,000, respectively, Indian appropriation lets for the fiscal years 1917 and 1919) was made for the construction of these ;tuildings. Owing to the high cost of labor and materials, these buildings can lot he completed within the appropriation. The additional amount asked for s considered very conservative. For equipment of dining hall, kitchen, new school building, and assembly lall. $5 000 is needed. When the new school building and assembly hall are (impleted it is proposed to remodel the old school building and assembly hall nto a kitchen, bakerv, and dining hall. The equipment now in use in the bakery nd kitchen is inadequate and practically worn out and new equipment will he 452 IXDIAN APPROPPJATION BILL, 1922. -| needed, also cliairs for tlie dininjr room, new desks for the .school, and at least j 50 .seats for the as.senibly hall in addition to tliose that have been in use in the J old huildinisr. i The school is- well located. It is near large groups of Indians to whose needs* it is adapting itself h.v giving a practical course in agriculture and stock raising. " The .school is doing efficient work and should be maintained for several years. Mr. Elston. I take it that the new school building and assemblj', hall has already been eomipenced. | Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. How far has that progressed? Mr. Meritt. It is practically completed. Mr. Elston. If this appropriation is not made, it will not be ready for use, I assume. j Mr. Meritt. This supplemental appropriation is necessary in order to complete the new building. Mr. Elston. And can you say the same for the proposed appro- priation of $5,000 for equipment? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. FOR SUPPORT OF SIOUX OF DIFFERENT TRIBES. Mr. Elston. The next is a treaty item. For .support of Sioux of different tribes, including Santce Sioux of Nebraska. North Dakota, and South Dakota : For pay of five teachers, one physician, nne carpenter, one miller, one engineer, two farmers, and one blacksmith (art. 1H, treaty of Apr. 29, 1868), $10,400; for pay of second blacksmith, and furnishing iron, steel, and other material (art. 8 of same treaty). $1,600; for pay of addi- tional employees of the several agencies for the Sioux in Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota. $95,000; for subsistence of the Sioux and for pur- poses of their civilization (act of Feb. 2S. 1877). $300,000: Provided. That this .sum shall include transjiortation of supplies from the termination of railntad or steamboat transportation, and in this service Indians shall be emplo.MiI whenever practicable ; in all, $407,000. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification for' the support of Sioux of different tribes: Support of Sioux of different tribes, emplot/ees. South Dakota. Fiscal j'ear ending .Tune 30, 1921, amount appropriated $107. 0()0. (^O' fpro y^h Milt ii M Irtii Ilie k till pa; ILil ,?1 fTuriili s \mi ■■-ftl '"le ifdcrti Tliei 51: ler trr.ttv Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated ---_ 107. 000. OO- Amount expended 99. 189. 87 Unexpended balance 7.810. 13 Analvsis of expenditures: Salarie.s, wages, etc__ 98. 845. 3T|lilil to Outstanding liabilities 344.50 utofj k ] Ifr.f Total 99. 189. ST' Support of Siou.r of different tribes, auhni.iteiiee and eirilization, South ])akota; Fiscal vear ending .lune 30, 1921, amount appropriated $193,000.00 ==7? Fiscal vear ended June 30, 1920: Amount ai»i)ropriated 2(X), 000. Qt Amount expended 1(50,25.5. 2e iftlie] Unexpended l)alance 39, 744. 71 \]\ \(\ Iter INDIAN APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. 453 Analysis of expeuditures : Salaries, wages, etc- Sll,424. 08 Traveling expenses ' 2! 762. 56 Transportation of supplies 2J). 087. 92 Telegraph and telephone service 182. . 10 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 280.24 Subsistence supplies 69. 782. 00 Dry goods, clothing, etc ^ 80.87 Forage 6. 429^ 39 Fuel, lubricants, poAver and light service 7, .">0. 48 r^Iedical supplies, etc 1,9:}0. 09 Equipment and miscellaneous material 9. 253. .'54 Miscellaneous 1, 164. 82 Outstanding liabilities 20, 319. 29 Total 16U, 255. 28 ITEil XO. 14 1 SUPPORT OF SIOUX OF DIFFEKEXT TRIBES. This item calls for an appropriation of $407,000. The greater part of the appropriation. $800,000, is to be set aside for the subsistence and civilization of the Sioux under the act of February 28. 1877 (19 Stat., 254-2.56). The Indians benefiting under this appropriation are those belonging to the Cheyenne River, Crow Creek. Flandrenu, Lower Brule, Pine Ridge, Rosebud. Santee, and Stand- ing Rock Tribes. The .$107,000 increase for this year's estimate noted in this part of the item is necessary for use at the Rosebud Reservation. Heretofore Rosebud tribal funds have been drawn upon in nuiking provision for sub- sistence and civilization of this tribe, whereas there will lie no available funds from this source for the year 1922. It will be observed that the item of .$175,000 in last year's act, following item No. 144 of these estimates, has been omitted for this year. The remaining $107,000 of this appropriation is the same that v/as allowed for the fiscal year 1921 for the salaries of employees, of which .$10,000 is for the pay of the employees provided for in article 13 of the tre*tty of April 29, 1868, and $1,600 for payment of the second blacksmith and for iron, steel, etc., as pritvided in article 13 of said treaty. This will leave aI>out $95,000 to be used in payment of salaries of administrative employees who are required for looking after the interests of these Indians. The entire amount ri.'-ked for will be necessary for the fiscal year 1922 in order to properly conduct the affairs of these important a.s:encies. There are about 23.000 Sioux Indians who will be looked after under this appropriation, and inasmuch as the Government is under treaty oblino. (K) Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : iJ!^ Amount appropriated 10, (too. (K> Amount expended 8. 741. .')1 Unexpended balance 1, 258. 49 Analysis of expenditures: Salaiies, waws, etc 4,097.61' Traveling expenses O-'iO. 97 Tran.sportaticm of supplies . HI. 01 Telegraph and telephone .service 11.29 Subsistence supiilies 930. r»S Dry goods, clothing, etc 1S(>. 06 Forage 0:'.7. 96 Fuel, lubricants, power, and light service 37r>. 76 ^ledical supplies, etc 113. >7 liive stock l.lO. (H> K(|uipnitMit and miscellaneous material 1. ^^^.". 02 .Miscellaneous ItU 70 < )ntstan(ling liabilities L'37. ill ) ) Bull fei'f ) ]l ploi teej fori M S, 74l.r>l Tins appi'oi)riatlon provides for the support and civilization of the .•scattered bands of Indians numbering approximately 1,8.10, of whom aixiut 400 are under the fioshute Agency in Utah, and about ."0 under the Fort Hall .\gency. Idaho. The remainder have not recently been under the direct supervision of ;i super- intendent. These Indians were formerly under a special agent with headcpiarters at Salt Lake City, but it was found by placing them under the agencies named that closer supervision could be givcMi their afTairs. Efforts are being made to place tlie.sc Indians on a self-supi)ortlng basis aS early as po.ssible, but considerable assistance and encouragement nuist bt> given Mi m Hi Ik I't^ Int I Drum k] 'fin, I INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 461 I them by the Government before they are able to care for themselves indepeml- ently. Tlie appropriation is used for the pay of necessary emi)lov('es. travelinj: ex- penses, the purchase of subsistence and clothinj!: for issue to the old and needv, : fuel, forage, medical supplies, miscellaneous equipment, and incidental expenses. These scattered bands of Indians in Utah are very poor; they are Avithout any funds, and this appropriation is very much needed/ Mr. Elstox. It appeal's, by reference to expenditures made in 1920 and by reference to the details of the estimates submitted for the present year, that very little of the amount appropriated jroes to subsistence. Here is an item of nearly $4,000 for salaries and wages, and a great many other items that seem to be incidental to the travel- ing about of the employees rcither than to the actual rendering of assistance to the Indians in the way of subsistence. Mr. Meritt. The overhead of this appropriation is rather heavy. Those employees, however, protect the Indians in the possession of their property and they also assist them in various ways. ]Mr. Elstox. These Indians are scattered all over the State? ]Mr. ^Ieritt. They are pretty well scattered, but they are not nomadic: they live on land permanently, but they are located in dif- ferent parts of the State. • Mr. Elstox. Mostly in different agencies ? Mr. Meritt. They are not located under agencies; we have em- ployees to visit them in their immediate localities ; we have tried to keep down the nimiber of employees and not establish any regular agencies for them. For example, we have the superintendent of the Fort Hall Agency look after some of the Indians in the northern ]3art of Utah; he is closer to those Indians than any other agent. Mr. Elston. I notice that you have a financial clerk at $900, a l^hysician at $500, a physician at $300. and then laborers at $720. What do the laborers do ? Mr. ^Ieritt. The laborers do the janitor work around the agency office, take care of the horses, cattle, etc., belonging to the agency, and such other similar work as may be found necessary around the agency. FOR CIVILIZATION AND SELF-SUPPORT OF CONFEDERATED BANDS OF UTES, UTAH. Mr. Elston. The next is a tribal fund item. The Secretary of the Interior is hereliy authorized to withdraw from the Treasury of tlie" L'nited States, within his discretion, the sum of .'^32.5,00() of the principal funds to the credit of the Confederated Bands of Ute Indians and to expend the sum of $7.5.000 of said amount for the benefit of the Ute Mountain (formerly Navajo Springs) Band of said Indians in Colorado, and the sum of $17.5.000 of said amount for the Uintah, White River, and Uncompahgre Bands of Ute Indians in Utah, and the sum of $75,000 of said amount for the Southern Ute Indians in Colorado, which sums shall be charged to said bands, and the Secretary of the Interior is also authorized to withdraw from the Treasury the accrued interest to and including June 30, 1021, on the funds of the said Confederated Bands of Ute Indians appropriated under the act of March 4. 1913 (37 Stat. L., p. 934), and to expend or distribute the same for the purpose of promoting civilization and self-support among the said Indians, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Interior may prescribe : Provided, That the Secretary of the Interior shall report to Congress, on the first Monday in De- cember, 1922, a detailed statement as to all moneys expended as provided for iherein. 462 INDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification : Intei'est on Con federated Bauds of I'tcs ) i>€r cent fund. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount accrued $148. l.'c'. 46 Amount expended 135, 03U. 77 Unexpended lialance Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc Travelintr expenses TransjMjrtation of supplies Telejrraph and telephone service Stationery, printing, sclioolroom supplies Subsistence supplies Dry goods, clothing, etc Forage Fuel, lubricants, power and light service. Medical supplies, etc 8,119.69 57. 072. 90 1.073.66 , 930. 22 87.77 60(>. 31 5, l';3. 68 10, 623. 49 3. 95L5a 8. 808. 10 623. 6J) Equipment and miscellaneous material 7.218.59;' ^ Construction of buildings 37, 262. 62 . Repair of buildings - 511. l$t*' Miscellaneous ■ 949. 08 It IK! Total 135, 032. 77 Ute Mountain — Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount authorized- Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920 — Amoiint authorized Amount expended .10. (KM. ( K) 50.00(1.00 48, 368. 40 Unexpended balance. 1. 631. 6t» , Analysis of expenditures — Salarie.s. wages, etc Equipment and miscellaneous material 2. 264.0.> Per capita payment : 37, 920. (X> Outstanding liabilities 1, 677. 51 1, 48. 368. 40i iri in; Jlr 6,506.84 I Jlr t let Uintah — Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount authorized 175.00(1. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920 — Amount authorized 2(H). OOO. 00 Amount expended : 194, 195.82. Unexpended balance. 5,804. IS Analysis of «>xpenditures — Salaries, wages, etc Transportation of supplies Forage _ Live stock E(|uii)m('nt and miscellaneous materlaL 10.776.24 6,51S. 97 19. 23!i. 70 2,8.50.00 16.010 15 Per (!ii)ita payment 117. 75o dO Miscellaneous _. 9, 161. 'A Oul.^tanding liabilities 17. 8S5. ;>2 194, 195. 82 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, lf)22. 463 analysis of expenclitures — Continued. Southern Ute — Fiscal year endiny- June 30. 19:21, amount :nitlioi-ized .$7"., (HlO. (K) Fiscal year ended June 30. 1920 — Amount autliorized 100,000.00 Amount expended 99, ,")88. .")() Unexpended balance 411.. oO Analysis of expenditures — Per capita payment 96,000.00 Seed .3, nss. .^0 • Total 99, .'iSS. .50 The act of March 1, 1913 (37 Stat. L., 934). provides for the payment of the et amount of the .judgment of the Court of Claims in favor of the Confederated ands of Ute Indians (.$3,305.2.57.19) to remain in the Treasury of the United States to the credit of said Indians, and to bear interest at the rate of 4 per ent per annum from February 13, 1911, both principal and interest to be avail- ible imder annual authorization by Congress for cash payment to said Indians, )r expenditure for their benefit, in the discretion of the Secretary of the In- erior. Pursuant thereto, for the past several years, Congress has annually luthorized the withdrawal of varying amounts fi-om the principal fund, plus he accumulated interest each year. It is customary to segregate the greater portion of the sum appropriated into ndividual shares and to deposit the same in bank to the credit of each Indian, iil>.1ect to expenditure under the individual Indian money regulations, for pur- poses beneficial to the allottees, such as the purchase of livestock, implements, milding material, etc. This is not a gratuity appropriation, but is merely uthority for the withdrawal and use of funds belonging to these Indians on leposit in the United States Treasury. Mr. Elston. Have the Indians a council from whom you could ;et an expression as to whether they are satisfied with this kind of n agreement? Mr. Meritt. They are satisfied Avith what has been done for them nd they look forward to these funds. On the Uintah Reservation 'ongress has spent over $1,000,000 of the tribal funds in the con- truction of an irrigation project, and we have had a race with time 1 order to get that land under cultivation and save the water rights f those Indians. Congress a few years ago extended the water-right nvs of the State of Utah to this reservation, after the project had been uthorized, and we have had the time limit extended, and Ave are ow endeavoring to get all of that land under cultivation. This ap- ropriation would enable us to get those Indians started industriall}'-, nd they are doing fairly well. It is their money. IRRIGATION, CONFEDERATED BANDS OF UTES, UTAH. Mr. Elston. The next is a tribal fund item. The Secretary of the Interior is hereby authorized to withdraw from the reasury of the' United States, within his discretion, the sum of $150,000 of the ■ineipal funds to the credit of the Confederated Bands of Ute Indians and to ;pend same for continuing the construction of lateral distributing systems to i-i.gate the allotted lands of the Uncompahgre, Uintah, and White River Utes Utah, and to maintain existing irrigation systems authorized under the act June 21, 1906. 464 IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: Confederated Bmids of Utes, 4 per cent fund, Uintah, etc., irrigation. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount authorized $127, 200. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount authorized 100, 000. 00 Amount expended 98,435. 66 Unexpended balance 1, .504. 34 Analysis of exi^enditures — Salaries, wages, etc 07, 3U1.(J9 Traveling expenses 2. 940. 84 Transportation of supplies •_ 5,410.82 Telegraph and telephone service 212.08 Stationery, printing • SI. 80 Forage li. 927. 64 Fuel, lubricants, power, and light service 2. 2.")1.04 Medical supplies, etc 10. 10 Live stock 165 Equipment and miscellaneous material 15, 787. Ifl Rent of buildings 399 Miscellaneous 943. 09 Tribe, Confederated Utes: Population, 1,118. 9S. 435. 66 Area of reservation acres__ 2. 048, (KX Irrigable under project do 83, 307 Under constructed works do 72,764 Actually irrigated do 72, 764 /Jultivated by Indians do 10, (WO * Cultivated by white owners do 13, .564 Cultivated by white lessees do 49, 20C Number of Indians engaged 28f Number of whites engaged (owners) 30( Number of whites engaged (les.sees) iKX Construction costs for fi.scal year .SI 6, 9.58. 71 Construction costs to June 30, 1920 ,>?825,31S. qj Operation and maintenance charges for fiscal year $63, 883. 5< Operation and maintenance charges to June 30, 1920 $528,778.6^ (►peiation and maintenance charges are collected from white water users. Estimated additional cost to complete, $.5(X),0(.X).' Estimated cost jier acre when completed, .$19. Average value of irrigai)le land per acre, .$.50 to $125. Irrigation jiroject started. 1905. Work (lone by force account, Indian labor being principally used. Average annual i)reciiMt.\istinK s.vstcni.s. Tlu're Is nitliiM- a urKont need for coiuMnin;; I lie niinii>rous Indrpondciit .•<.vst('ni.s on I Ills rt'scrvation so I to conHfMvc tlu' avallaMc walcr siipid.v and roiidcr tlit- nianaK<'iii<>nt of tlic s.vtnn lp» o.xiM'nHivc. This would rftpili-c a considcralilr appropi-iat Ion and Is Incliidcil in th anionnl above cstlniatcd as ncccssar.v to <'oniplrlc tin' pro.|i'ct, \nn iindortakinK this wor wHli the appropi'iat ion asked for is not the prescnl intentlun. k m 26f t INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, 465 scribed by the Secretary of the Interior: Provided, Tliat Indian cliildren shall at all times be admitted to such schools on an entire equality with wliite children. Public schools, Uintah and Duchesne Counties, Utah. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated (tribal funds) __ $12,000 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 12, (X)0 Arnount expended 12, 0(MJ Analysis of expenditures — Tuition 12,000 The Indian appropriation act for the last three years has contained an item making available .$12,0(X) in aid of public schools in Uintah and Duchesne ■ County district schools, Utah, and this appropriation is justitied on the ground that so much of the land in the districts mentioned is nontaxable Indian land, I leased to whites, that is impossible to raise funds locally to provide school I facilities for the children of the white lessees. You will observe that we have changed the language of this item so as to make this a gratuit}^ appropriation rather than an appro- priation out of the funds of the Ute Indians. This appropriation will be used very largely in educating the white children on the Uintah Reservation, and we believe there should be a gratuity ap- propriation rather than an appropriation out of the funds of the Ute Indians. Mr. Elston. How do you justify an appropriation for educating white children? Mr. Meritt. On the ground that a large part of the land in those school districts belongs to Indians and as long as the land is held in trust is not taxable. This is a similar proposition to the item found in the Five Civilized Tribes for aiding the public schools of Oklahoma. Mr. Hastings. This is for the education of white children while that was for the education of Indian children, because of their non- taxable lands. Mr. Meritt. xhere is that difference, but the only precedent for the appropriation is foiuid in the Five Civilized Tribes appropria- tion. FOR CON^^;YANCE OF BRIDGES TO STATE OF UTAH. Mr. Elston. We will ]3ass to the next item, found on page 128 : That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, authorized to convey to the State of Utah and to the county of Duchesne in said State, respectively, all the right, title, and interest which the United States has in and to the bridges here particularly described : To the State of Utah, the bridge across the Duchesne River near the town of My ton, in that State, constructed with an appropriation of $25,000 in the act of August 5, 1909 (36 Stat. L., p. 124). which is now a part of the State highway system through the former Uintah and Ouray Reservation; to the county of Duchesne: the bridge across said river near the town of that name, constructed with an appropriation of $15,000 in the act of March 3, 1911 (36 Stat. L.. p. 1074) : Provided, That the said State of Utah and county of Duchesne, respectively, shall at all times in the future maintain, repair,' and keep in good condition said bridges, free from all exi^ense to the United States or the Indians of said reservation. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: BRIDGES UINTAH KESERV.^TION. A bridge was constructed across the Duchesne River near the town of Myton, iJtah, from an appropriation of $25,000 made by the act of August 5, 1909 (36 26630—21 30 466 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. fl a Stat. L., 124), which bridge is now a part of the State highway system through the fctrnier Uiutah and Ouray Reservation, and is used but verj' little by tlie Indians, bciiii; iirincipaliy for tlie benefit of the white people. A similar bridge was constructed seveial years later acr(»ss the said river near the town of Duchesne from an approi)riation of .$ir),(XK) in tlie act of March 3, 1911 (3ft Stat. L., 1074), which is not a part of tlie State hisihway system, but is really a county brid^re, and is also used but very little by the Indians. This service lias been put to some expense in the past for the reiniir and upkeep of the above Ijiidges, wliicli the limited u.'^e made thereof by the Indians does not lonjier justify. It i.s. therefore, deemed advisable to turn these brid:»'ea over to the State and county, respectively, on cctndition that the said State and county shall at all times maintain and keep the Sitid bridges in repair without expense to the I'nited States. The State hiirhway commission has already expressed its willingness to take over the Myton Bridge on the conditions men tioned, and efforts are now being made to have the county take similar actio:, Mitb respect to the Duchesne Bridge. However, there is no authority of law for the proposed action which it is the purpose , ."iCM). 0( n hi Fiscal year entled .lune 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 7, 00(». Of. Amount expended G, S91. 15 Unexpended balance lOS. 8f Analysis of expenditures — Salaries, wages, etc 3, 74.">. 31 Traveling expenses V>9. IT Transiiortatlon of supplies S(!. 9J Telegraph and telephone service TJn. 0( Forage IW-'. .V Fuel, lubricants, power and light service r».'i2. 4] Medical supplies, etc . 290. OJ Efpiipmeiit and miscellaneous niaterial ISl. 4 Miscellaneous 9. 3; Outstanding liabilities 1. 4(>4. 8J 0.891.1! This approj)riation is re^piired for the support and civilization of aiiproxl mately 1,300 Indians who reside cm four widely separated re.servations unde; the jurisdiction of the superintendent of tlu' Tulalip Agency, in \V;ishington. Tins fluid, as tlie analysis shows, is used for the iiay of employees retinire* in caring for the interests of these Indians, the purchase of fornge, fuel, anc nie fwl amount will be reiiuired. Practically all of this money was oxjiended during the last fisca year. Mr. Elston. IIow widely distributed are these Indians? 1 fill ] ih ] 1 Wlli prill (rtv ][ lllo ^\\ \l: \h >$ce *tiv Hi ilJei Jlr ilr )Ir Ni \ llr, \ INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1822. 4(37 Mr. Meritt. They are scattered over a good part of the northwest- ern section of the State of Washington. Mr. Elston. Are they in tribes or are the families more or less seperated ? Mr. Meritt. They are in tribes. Mr. Elstox. Are they nomadic or pretty well settled ? Mr. ^Ieritt. They are settled. Mr. Elston. They have no money, you say ? Mr. Mekitt. That is correct. Mr. Elston. A large part of this ai)propriation seems to be taken up in overhead. I notice according to the details of this estimate that of the $6,500, $5,220 goes for salaries and wages, Mr. jMeritt. Yes, sir. This is largely for the agency force to super- vise the affairs of those Indians. Mr. Elston. Is this agency force a little differently constituted from the force that you use to take care of the Utah Indians who are simi- larly situated ? Mr. Merjtt. No, sir. The agency for these Indians is located at Tulalip. ^Ir. Elston. That agency is maintained from other appropriations ? Mr. Meritt. This is the appropriation that maintains the agency. Mr. Elston. Practically the only justification for the existence of this agency is to administer the affairs of these i3articular Indians? ^Ir. Meritt. Yes, sir. In addition we have a large boarding school at Tulalip. JNIr. Elston. You estimate for a property and lease clerk. What would a lease clerk do for these Indians ? ]Mr. Meritt. He attends to tlie leasing of the lands that have been allotted to the Indians. Mr. Elston. This, then, is more of an appropriation for the super- vision of their affairs than it is to dole out subsistence? ^Ir. Meritt. Yes, sir: we issue as little subsistence as possible, be- cause we are trying to make the Indians self-supporting. This appro- priation is used for administrative purposes in looking after the prop- erty of the Indians. Mr. Elston. Have you made a survey to determine whethoi* or not all of the clerical help you have there is fully employed and absolutely required ? Mr. Meritt. The superintendent so reports. Mr. Elston. By an examination of the details that come into your office and from your examination of the reports do you feel that their activities are increasing or decreasing? Mr. Meritt. They are about stationary. We are selling consider- able timber up in that country. Mr. Elston. You mean timber owmed by these Indians? Mr. Meritt. Individual Indians; yes, sir. Mr. Elston. These Indians own property which has been distrib- uted to them or allotted to them ? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. Mr. Elston. What is the general condition with regard to finances? Mr. Meritt. Those Indians are largely self-supporting: they are energetic and make good use of their opportunities. 468 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Mr. Elston. What kind of a MV,\. 42 Transpurtatjon of sui»i)lies 11. (>l Tele^'rapli and teleplioiie service 2. S4 Subsistence supplies . • 1 11. 3."» Dry ^oods, clothing?, etc , 40.20 Foraye 90. .")>* Fuel, luliricaiils. iiower. and lipht service 100, ."vO .Medical sniipiies, etc : .SC. (M» F(|uipnient and ndscellaneous material .'!•">'• '-0 Hospital ex|)en.ses 20. .">."> Oulstandin- liabilities 107. IS 1, 5)97. S3 Tl N: fftlli Tb, IV, INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 469 This aMJi-opriatiou is used for the adinliiistratioii of the atTairs of ai>i>nixi- mately 400 Makah Indians who come \uuhn- tlie jurisdiction of the Neal» IJay Airency, Vash. Tlie appropriation is used for the pay of one clerk, the purchase of fora{re, fuel, medical supplies, equipment, and miscellaneous materials, and Incidental ex- penses arising' in the administration of the atTairs of these Indians. Mr. Elston. Where does the clerk stay ? Mr. ISIeritt. He is at the Xeah Bay Agency. Mr. Elston. Are there other clerks at that agency? Mr. IVIeritt. Xo, sir. Mr. Elston. Do you think it would be possible to reduce this ap- propriation by the amount of the salary of one clerk and turn his duties oAer to some other emploj^ee at the agency ? ]Mr. ]Meritt. I doubt the wisdom of reducing this appropriation at this time. It is a small appropriation of $2,000 and we have been spending practically the entire appropriation. You will note that there was an unexpended balance of onh^ $2.17 for the fiscal voar ended June 30, 1920. r FOR SUPPORT OF QUIXAIELTS AND QUILLEHUTES, WASHINGTON. Unexpended balance 148. ol Mr. Elston. We will pass to the next item. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification for the support and civilization of the Quinaielts and Quillehutes. in- cluding pay of employees. $1,000: Support of Quinaielts and Quillehutes, Washington. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated SI. 000. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : ^ Amount appropriated 1,000.00 ~" """""""" ""• Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 20. 00 Traveling expenses ' 121. 92 Transportation of supplies 25. 00 Forage 150. 00 Medical supplies, etc 41.38 Equipment and miscellaneous material 7. 67 Miscellaneous 30. 00 Outstanding liabilities 4.i.i. 52 851. 49 This item covers administrative expenses of the Xeah Bay and Taholah Agencies, which have jurisdiction over approximately 950 Quinaielt and Quil- lehute Indians. The appropriation, as will be seen from the analysis of ex- penditures, is used for traveling expenses, fuel, medical supplies, equipment, j miscellaneous materials, and general expenses incident to the administration 1 of these Indians. The full amount of this appropriation will be needed during the fiscal year 1922, owing to the increased cost of the administration of the jurisdiction and I the amount of work entailed therein. We had an appropriation of $1,000, and we have expended out of that appropriation for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1920, ?:851.49; leaving a balance of $1-18.51. 470 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, l[)22. FOK SI'PPORT AND CIVILIZATION. YAKIMA AGENCY, WASH. Mr. Elstox The next is a icments, and supiHiri and civili/.ation of .Joseph's* Band of Nez Terce Indians in Washington, .$13,(«H». Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the foUowinjx justification: fiumtort (if Intlidiis. ColrUh- miil other (iiiciicicfi, mid Joseph''* BaiKl of \cz I'l nes. W'dshiiniton. Fl.scal year ending .Mine :H(I. 1!)21. amount appropriated .iiL'J, (KK>. (X) 1 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 471 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated $13. 000. 00 Amount expended 11, 41G. 40 Unexpended balance 1,583. 60 Analysis of expenditure.s : Salaries, wages, etc 4,099.67 Traveling expenses 1, 424. 85 Transportation of supplies 564. 88 Telegraph and telephone service 81. 17 Subsistence supplies 607. 93 Forage 1, 403. 57 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 831. 28 Medical supplies, etc 525. 00 Equipment and miscellaneous material 1, 659. 67 Miscellaneous 26. 05 Outstanding liabilities , 192. 33 11, 416. 40 The expen.ses of administration of four agencies are cared for in part from this appropriation. These agencies, Colville, Tulalip, Spokane, and Taholah, have jurisdiction over approximately 6,000 Indians, tribal funds being used when available to supplement this appropriation, which does not meet all the expenses of these agencies. As the analysis of expenditures will show, the major part of this appropria- tion was expended during the fiscal year 1920 for the pay of necessary agency employees, the purchase of subsistence for issue to old and needy Indians, forage for stock at the several agencies, transportation, and the miscellaneovis items of expense. The share of the Quinaielt Indians in the item of .$1,000 for the " Support of the Quinaielts and Quillehutes " and the treaty item of $1,000 for the " Support of Spokanes " are the only other support items which contribute to the support of two of these agencies. Mr. Elston. Are the affairs of these Indians in such shape as to make it possible to have them bear an additional part of the over- head? Mr. Meritt. The Colville Indians have in the Treasury $207,016, the Spokane Indians have $29,649, and the Tulalip Indians have $1,973. Mr. Elston. I would like to have you consider whether or not you could decrease this appropriation in view of the ability of some of these tribes, at least to bear the overhead, unless you feel you are already charging; their accounts with as much as they can bear for the activities which you say are paid for out of tribal funds. Mr. Meritt. We will consider that, Mr. Chairman. FOR SUPPORT or SPOKANES, WASHINGTON. Mr. Elston. The next is a treaty item for the support of Spokanes in Washington (art. 6 of agreement with said Indians, dated March, 1887, ratified by act of July 13, 1892), $1,000. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification : Support of Spokanes, Washingtoni, Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated $1, 000. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 1, 000. 00 Amount expended 1, 000. 00 472 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, wajjes, etc $888.89 Equipn)ent and miscellaneous niatoriai 111.11 1. 000. 00 I This item is required to enable the I'nitetl States to comply with article 6 of the agreement with the Spokans Indians dated March 18, 1887, ratified bv the act of July 13, 1892 (27 Stats., 120), under which the Government agreed to provide the Indians with certain employees necessary to instruct them in cari>en- try and blacksniithins. The Chairman. Is that sum used for that purpose? Mr. Meritt, We divert that fund and use it for the payment of a financial clerk. Mr. Elston. What is the ability of these Indians to take care of themselves ? Mr. Meritt. These Indians are progressinor fairly satisfactorily, but some of them are very backward ; a large number of them are full bloods. They have for a number of years resented the Government's opening: a part of their reservation, and very frequently they send deleo^ations to AVashington contendinor that the old order should be restored and that they should be permitted to handle their affairs as a tribal proposition rather than individually. Mr. Elston. What is their property worth ? Mr. Meritt. They have property interests to the value of $1,281,873. | Mr. Elston. How many Indians are there? Mr. Meritt. There are 641 Indians. Thev have timber interests to the value of $1,086,928. Mr. Elston. In addition to that have they allotments on which the individual Indians are living? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. P^LSTON. Where is this financial clerk used? /<| Mr. Meritt. At the Spokane Agency. i\ ■ Mr. Elston. And there is a separate appropriation for the Spo- j kane Agency? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. \\ Mr. Elston. Is that a gratuity item? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. ^l Mr. Elston, I think we might very well start witli this item and try out the question as to whether or not the Government has not fulfilled its obligations in cases of this kind where the Indians have large [)roperty interests and where the original object foi- which the ai)propriation was made under the treaty has been diverted to other.] uses which were not contemplated by the treaty. IRRUJATION, YAKIMA RESERVATION, WASH, The next is a reimbursable item. For continidnpr ooiistniction and (Milnr.L'einent of lln' Wnpalo irritration and drainage system, to iiiake i)()ssibl(' the utilization of the water supply provided by the act of Aujrust 1. 1914 (.SSth Stat. L., p. OOn, for -40 acres of eath Indian allotment under the Wapato irrigation iiroJ«><'t on the Yakima Indian Kcserva- tlon. Wash., and such other water supply as may be avnilaide or obtalnabli' for the ini;.'ation of a total of 120.(100 n<'n's of allotted Indian lands on said reser- vation, Ji;.'{.")(>,(MK» : I'niiiiliil, That the entii'e <-ost of said irriiration and drain- aye system shall be reimbursed t«i the I'nited States under the conditions anil terms of the act of May IS, I'.Ht!: I'ruihhtl fiirfli9 P Irrigable under project do 120,000 " Under constructed works do 70.000 Actually irrigated do 68, 398 Cultivated by Indians do 5,800 Cultivated by white owners do 28,440 Cultivated by white lessees do 34,1.58 Number of Indians engaged 150 Number of whites engaged (owners) 50O Number of whites engaged (lessees) 750 Constru<'tion costs foi- fiscal year .$480,434.32 Construction costs to .June .30, 1920 .$1,090,291.14 Operation and maintenance charges for fiscal year (collected from white water users) .$80,62.5.49 Opei-ation and maintenance charges to June 30, 1920 (collected from white water users) .$422,227.59 Estimated additional cost to complete .$1.2.50,000 Estimated cost per acre when completed $30 Average value of irrigable land per acre $20O-.$70O Irrigation practiced by Indians since 1859; first aid rendered by Indian Service, 1896 ; work done" by force account, Indian labor being principally used. Average annual precipitation, 7 inches ; source of water supply, Yakima River and tributaries. Crops produced : Alfalfa, grain, sugar beets, fruit, vegetables. Market for products : General ; good. Railroad through project. Under comparatively large* appropriations made by Congress during the past several years the irrigable area under the Wapeto unit on the Yakima Reserva- tion has been rapidly increased until it now exceeds 70.000 acres. This land is' exceedingly fertile and produces wonderful crops under favorable conditions. Slightly over $3,000,000, including all expenditures, have heretofore been used 474 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. ill developiiigr various irrifration projects on the Yakiiiui Reservation, wliile the gross value of crops iirorl\ice(l on tlie irrlirahle hinds (Uuins the hist year alone exceeded .'i;i1 ,(M)0/KK». Tliis proje<'t is desitri'i'd ultini.itely to irriirate 120.(XX"> acres, of which over 7(),0(KJ acres arc now actually heinji cultivated. As rapidly as the system can he extended additional land is put under cultivation aud ex- cellent use is heing: made of the facilities furnished. The appropriation asked for is desire' Fiscal year ended .June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 75. 000. OO Amount expended 75, 000. <» Analysis of expenditures — Salaries, wages, etc 35,186.22 Traveling expenses 23. 11 Transportation of supplies 451. "tT Stationery, printing • 25. 04 Subsistence supplies 9. 539. 2.> Forage .3, .550. 9S Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 1.325.8^ Equipment and miscellaneous material 24,4.50.80 MLscellaneous 177. 20 Outstanding liabilities 2G3. 94 rl KiC pro 75. 000. (X) Tribe, Confederated Yakimas ; population 2, 917 Area of raservation acres l,14."i. 0.5& Irrigable under project do 17. 0(X> Umler constructed works do 4. tXK) Actually irrigated do 3. ooO Cultivated by Intlians do OiK) Cultivated l)y white owners do TOO Cultivated by white lessees do 1.700 Nunil)er of Indians engaged 4.5 Number of white engaged (owners) 10 Number of whites engaged (.lessees) 30 Construction costs for tiscal vear .$.52. 12S. S5' Con.srruction costs to .lune .36. 1920 .$52, 478. .52. ()l)erati<>ii and niaiiiteiiance charges for tiscal year None, Operation and niiiintenance charges to .Tune 30, 1920 None.' Operation anally used. .\verag(' annual pr<>cipitalion. 10 inches. Source of water suiipiy. Toppeiii.sh and Simcoe Creek. Crops produced: Hay, grain, fruit, vegetables. Market for products: General; good. Kailroa Work wa« started on tills project in 1010 and rontlnnwl durlnu 1020, under appro- priiitioiis mixlc liy ('(>n);i-4>ss. and Itiit a conipni'iitivi'ly siiinll nnioiint of land lias lieeD a< tiiall.v placed under cultivation up to the close of the past flscnl year. .^11 liO! lie r- biii k\ liat ''tl 'I'!!), Hi INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, 477 will ultimately become necessary either to develop an additional sujiply <»r to acquire the right to used stored waters from liie Reclamation Scrvic'." Addi- tional water fi-om either source for use on this pi-o.ject will reer- vation and there will be no question about the Government beini^ reimbursed. Mr. Hastings. AA^hat is the leng:th of this proposed road ? Mr. Mekitt. I think it is about 15 miles. Ml-. Hastings. AA'^hat kind of a road do you propose to builds Mr. ^Iekitt. a hard surface road. IRRIGATION, SATUS PROJECT, YAKIMA RESERVATION, WASH. Mr. ElsTon. The next item is an estimate for commencing: the construction of an irrigation sj'stem. For hejrinning the construction of diversion dams and distributinj; systems for irrijiiitinjr 40.(X)0 acres of Ijuid iidjucenr to Satus Creek on the Yaiiinui Indian Reservation. Wash.. $l()0,«i()n. the total cost of the project not to exctt-t ip2,.^00,fKX) : Prorided, That the cost of this irrigation system shall he ivii bursed to the United States by the owners of the land irrijrable thereundei in not to exceetl 20 annual payments, and the Secretary of the Interior nnv fix annual operation and maintenance charges which shall be paid as he inn direct: Froridcd further. That if any allottee shall receive i>atent in fee t( his a]lotn)ent before the anKunits so charged against him shall have been pah to the United States, then such anioinit remaining unpaid shall be and bwouK a lien \ipon his allotment, and the fact of such lien shall be recited in sui patent and may be enforced by the Secretary of the Interior by foredtisure :\ a mortgage, and should any Indian sell any part of his allotment with th( approval of the Secretary of the Interior, the amount of any unpaid chargei against the land sold shall be and become a tirst lien thereon ami may enforced by the Secretary of the Interior by foreclosure as a mortgage, aiv delivery of water to sucji land may be refused within the discretion of th( Secretary of the Interior until all dues are paid: Proridcd fiirlhrr. Tlnit V right to water f)r to the use of any irrigation ditch or other structure on sail reservation shall rest or be allowed until the owner of the land to be irrigate^ as herein provided shall comi»ly with such ndes and regidations as the Se^ retary of the Interior may prescribe, and he is hereby authorized to prescribe such rules and regulations as lie may determine proper for making etTective the foregoing provisions and to re(iuire of owners of lands in fee such security for the reiml)ursement herein re(piirerncti<-iilly iii> work hns lu'i'ii (lone l>y tin- Indl Kssil>le to supply water for Irritrahle lands within the Vakima Reservation as rapidly as the demand thorefor arises. The Inilians themselves are makiim ixcellent use of the facilities furnished, and the whlttS IcHsees and owners are only loo anxious to ac(iuire Irri^'ahle land for development purpos^p iindt'r very favorable terms to the IndinDH. INDIAISr APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 479 Area of reservation — Continued. Actually irrigated acres__ 8. r.00 Cultivated by Indians do ,")(!(> Cultivated hy white owners do ."lOO Cultivated by white lessees do "J. ."lOO Number of Indians eiiuaued '_ Ij Number of whites engaged (owners) 7 Number of wliiies engaged (lessees) 32 Construction costs for fiscal year $8. (K!;{. (J.') Construction costs to June 3("), 1920 ^ .'?0." r)42. 80 Operation and maintenance for tiscal year' ' None. Operation and maintenance to .lune 30, 1920' .ST9. 18 Estimated additional cost to couiiilete .$2,180,000.00 Estimated cost per acre when completed .$."»8. 00 Average value of irrigable land per acre ."f200. 00 Irrigation pi'oject started: new project. Avera.ge annual precipitation, 6 inches. Source of water supply, Satus Creek. Crops produced : Hay. grain, vegetables, fruit. Market for products : General, good. Railroad through project. The most successful irrigation system in the Indian Service is the Wapato unit of tlie Yakima project, which is immediately adjacent to the contemplated Satus unit, and comparison with tlie development under the Waptito project clearly demonstrates the advantages from a financial and industrial standpoint of initiating construction with a view of irrigating the lands within the Satus project. AVhile the total construction cost is estimated at something over .$2,000,- 000, the appropriation asked for is simply to begin construction of the project with a view of developing the area to be irrigated annually as rapidly as appropriations may be available therefor. In additi Operation and maintenance charges are not collected from water users. ^1 480 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Xuiiiher of wliitos engaged (lessees) 35 CoustriK-tion costs for fiscal year $12. 379. 21 Construction costs to June 30, 1920 $65, 100. 05 Operation and maintenance charges for fiscal j'ear '$4,819. 27 Operation and maintenance charges to June 30, 1920 '$55,918. 93 Estimated additional cost to complete $3,000.00 Estimated cost per acre when completed $15. 00 ' Average value of irrigable land per acre $200. 00 >. Irrigutiiin practiced l)y the Indians since the early days; first aid rendered by the Indian Service in 1908. Work done by force account, Indian labor being principally used. ) Average annual precipitation, 10 inches. ►Source of water supply, Ahtanum Creek. Crops produced: Hay, grain, fruit, vegetables. Market for products, general, good. J Distance from railroad, 2 miles. 1 The appropriation asked for is largely for maintenance and operation pur- posss, this project having been developed under previous appropriations to such nn extent that practically all land susceptible of irrigation is now under ditch. Additional water is needed if suitable storage can be found, as during the low water flow the supply is hardly sufficient to meet the demands. wiscoxsix. ; INDIAN SCHOOL, HAYW.\RD. WIS. Mr. Elstox. We come now to the Wisconsin items. Sec. 23. For the support and education of 230 Indian pupils at the Indian school at Hayward, Wis., including pay of superintendent, $53,350; for general repairs and improvements, .$8,000; in all, .$61,350. Mr. Mp:ritt. I offer for the record the foHowinor justification : Indian School, Hayicard, Wis. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated $53,350.00 Fiscal year ended June 30. 1920: Amount appropriated 53, 350. 00 Amount expended 45, 065. 39 Unexpended balance 8, 284. 61 Analysis of exi)enditures: Salarie.s, wages, etc 18, l.")0. 23 Transportation of supplies 527. 03 Telegraph and telephone service 151.92; Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 2.'W. .51 Subsistence supplies 7, 702. 00 Drv goods, clothing, etc 4,667.15 Forage 1. !.").->. S9! Fuel, lubricants, powei" apd light .service 5. (X>4. 00 Mfdical supplies, etc 2S:?, ."^O K(|uipnu'nt and nn.scellaneous material 2, (HiO. SO Thrashing lis. S9 Seed 466. 5)0 Rent of buihlings 120.00* Miscellaneous 185. 27 < )uts(anding liabilities 4, 178. ;i2 45. ocr», n ■ Oiwratloii and uiuiutenuiice charges are collected from white water users. |. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 481 Repairs and iniprcivenients : Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated $8,27. 00 Su|)sisl»'nc<' supplies 12, ~'M. 40 Dry goods, cl(»lhing, etc 7.419.67 Forag*' 5. 143. 41 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 9, 5SS. 7T Mfdical suiM)!!*^ etc -JIO. !)6 Liv(( stock 75. 00 Efjvdpment and miscellaneous material 6. Hdl.oT Veterinary service 179. 25 k' INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 483 Analysis of exiJemlitures — Continued. Seed $372.08 Rent of buildings 99. (XJ Miscellaneous 304. 37 Total {y2, 704. 32 Repairs and iniprovements : Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated 8,000.00 Fiscal year ended June 30. 1920 — Amount appropriated 1 8, 000. 00 Amount expended 7,937.91 Unexpended balance 02. 09 Analysis of expenditures (repair of buildings) 7,937.91 Drainage : Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 — Amount appropriated 2,500.00 Amount expended 65. 00 Unexpended balance 2, 435. 00 i Analysis of expenditures : Wages '_ 63. 00 Advertising 2. 00 Total 65. 00 Statistical statement for year ending June 30, 1920: Value of school plant (real property) $176,439 Number of buildings 26 Number of employees 31 Total salaries $19, 970 Average attendance of pupils 242 Average enrollment 280 Capacity 275 Cost per capita based on enrollment $208 Cost per capita based on average attendance $240 Area of school land (acres) 380 Area of school land (acres cultivated) 270 Value of agricultural products $19,194 Value of other school products $4, 204 Indian money, proceeds of labor (school earnings) expended $1,304 Superintendent's estimate of absolute needs for 1922 — Support $57,000 Repairs and improvements _ 8, 000 New buildings,. completing additions to dormitory and school building 8, 000 Lavatories and baths for dormitories 10,000 Total S3, 000 Reque.sted in proposed bill for 1922 — Support and education of 275 Indian pupils at the Indian School and superintendent's salary 63, 875 Repairs and improvements 8, 000 Total 71,875 484 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. iStatistical statement for year ending June 30, 1920 — Continued. Po.sitions and salaries, 1920 — Sui/erintende!it $2, 000 Financial clerk 9(K) Assistant clerk 720 Property clerk , 660 ^ Physician (contract) 600 Disciplinarian St mi Teacher SIO Teacher (5(K) • Teacher 6(m» \ Teacher . 6tH» ' Teacher____ 60 ,' Assistant seamstres.s 8 Cook 6(K) Assistant cook 8(^) Engineer l.OlX) Farmer 9lKl Assistant farmer 3. (H) .\niount exiicnded 6. .V.Kt. 14 Unexpended balance 4*^- 80 ,pfri , 11 m T! year ]\ mn M M )I irorl M I Ml an" 111 fra \ U.. h: Mr r:-^.i Ac I ^■' Foi Fa INDIAN APPROPKIATIOX BILL, 1922. 485 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc $3, 440'. (H) Traveling expenses U7. 'u Transportation of supplies 19. 04 Telegraph and telephone service . 87. 75 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 12.04 Subsistence supplies OIH. Xi Dry goods, clothing, etc 20.88 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 779. Ho Medical supplies, etc ■ ^^oi). 19 Equipment and miscellaneous material 622.3") Miscellaneous 32. 50 Outstanding liabilities 127.99 Total 6, 590. 14 This is tlie same amount as was granted for the year 1921 and is for the support and civilization of nearly 4,000 Indians who are under the jurisdiction of tlie La Pointe, Hayward, Lac du Flambeau, and Red Cliff Agencies. Much effort is being made to get these Indians on a self-supporting basis, with special encouragement being given along agricultural lines. Most of the soil of this territory is especially adapted to agriculture, and the future pros- perity of these tribes will depend on this industry. The old Indians and others not able to support themselves are being cared for. The appropriation is used for subsistence supplies, salaries of employees, and for incidental agency needs, fuel, medical attention, and supplies. It is estimated that the full amount requested will l)e needed for the fiscal year 1922. Mr. Elston. This item has been kept at about the same figure for many years past? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Are you not decreasing your activities there at all? Mr. Meritt. No, sir. We have difficulty in doing the required work with this appropriation. Mr. Elston. How many Indians have you there ? Mr. Meritt. There are about 1,000 Indians. Mr. Elston. Do you think this estimate of $7,000 absolutely neces- sary? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. The superintendent has repeatedly asked for an increased estimate. FOR SUPPORT OF POTTAWATOMIES, WIS. Mr. Elston. The next is a gratuity item for the support, educa- tion, and civilization of the Pottawatomie Indians who reside in the State of Wisconsin, including pay of employees, $6,000. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: Support of Pottawatmnies, Wis. Fiscal year ending .Tune 30, 1921: Amount appropriated . .'?6, 000. 00 Fiscal year ended -June 30, 1920 : ^ Amount appropriated V '^^'^i- ^^ Amount expended "' '"'• ''^ Unexpended balance -^ '— — ^ Analysis of expenditures: _ Salaries, wages, etc '^- 1'^^- ^J! Traveling expenses •'•j^- '^ Forage Vi.V ^.i Fuel, lubricants, power and light service ^-3- «< 486 INDIAX APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. Analysis of expenditures — Continued. Metlieal supplies, etc S367. 77 Live stock 13S. 00 IMiscellaneous 45. 72 6, 767. 7.") This appropriation is the same amount ^rrantnd for 1921 and is required foi I lie care of alxnit 3.").") Potawatomi Indians of Wisconsin. Many of these Indians live on land purchaseil for them in northern Wiscon- sin and upper peninsula of Michijian, in comfortable homes and pood circum- stances, l)ut there are a number of others unable to support them.selves and who must be cared for. A^'ricultural interests especially are being promoted among them, and with advice as to the use of implements and general supervision much improvement is being made along these lines. The appropriation is required for the purchase of supplies and pay of neces- sary employees. The full amount requested should be allowetl for the fiscal year 3922. Mr. Elstox. You believe that this appropriation is just as necessary as that in the case of the Chipi^ewas? Mr. Meritt. Yes. sir. Air. Elstox. Do you not think some reduction coukl he made in the activities there, especially as it is located in such a civilized State as Wisconsin ? Mr. ]Merttt. The Potawatomi Indians are poor and it is nece?- sary that their affairs be carefully looked after, and we would like to have the full appropriation. FOR SUPPORT OF WISCOXSIX BAXD OF POTAWATOMIES, WISCOXSIX AND MICHIGAX. Mr. Elston. "We will pass to the next item. For the support and civilization of those portions of the Wisconsin Rand of Potawatomi Indians residing in the States of Wisconsin ami Michigan, and to aid said Indians in establishing homes on the lands purchased for them under the ])rovisions of the act of Congress apjiroved .luiie .'^0. 1913, .$0,S99, or so much thereof as may be necessary, said sum to be reimbursenate share of said Indians in annuities and moneys of the Potawatomi Tribe in which they have not shared, as set forth in Tlonse nocument \o. S.30 (GOlh Cong.. 1st scss.). and the Secretarj- of the Interior is hereby author- ized to expend the said sum in the clearing of land and the purcha.se of houses, building material, seed, animals, machinery, tools, implements, and other equipment and supplies neces.sary to enable said Indians to become self-siqtport- ing: I'ror'tdciJ. That the unexpended balance of the appropriation for the tiscal year 1917 for said Indians, approximating $2S,2.">(n3. is hereby reapi>ropriated and made available until expendtMl : I'lariilctl further. That the above-men- tioned sums .shall be used only for the purposes set forth in st'ction 2.~> of tin- act aitproved :May IS, 191G (39 Stat. L.. pp. IHG and 1."). Mr. Meritt. I offer for record the followin^X justification: i^up/tort of Wisconsin ban. I'.rjO: Amount ai»propriated l'>, "''Hi. oil Amount expi'uded 8, 044. !M> I'nexpended iialance 7. •ir».'i. Id INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 487 Analysis of expenditures: Saliiries, wases, etc. Transportation of supplies : Subsistence supplies Dry goods, clothing, etc Forage Live stock Equipment and miscellaneous material 4 Rent of buildings .• Miscellaneous 1 $2r.7, 54. 105. 15. nns. L'l).".. 1S!». 102. 988. 41 00 01 00 00 70 00 72 00 8, 044. 90 Under the treaty of September 26, 1833 (7 Stat. L., 431), the Potawatonn Indians in Wisconsin and IMichigan ceded to the Government all their lands in the States mentioned and agreed to remove west of the Mississippi River. Half of the tribe, numbering about 2,000, removed and the remainder fled to north- ern Wisconsin and Michigan and Canada. Rev. Erik O. Morstad, a Lutheran missionary, who has spent his life among these refugees, prepared a roll al)out the year 1906 and urged that their claim to tribal benefits and annuities, including the lands which should have been given to them had they removed, l)e adjudicated by the Govennnent. A liill was introduced and passed by Congress on June 21, 1906 (34 Stat. L., 380), authorizing the Secretary of the Interior to prepare a roll and report what funds were due the refugee branch. Such a roll was prepared and submitted, showing 451 Wisconsin Potawatomi Indians in the United States and about 1,500 Potawatomies and their descendants in Canada. The report is em- bodied in House Document No. 830, Sixtieth Congress, first session. This report also shows that $447,339 was due that portion of this band resid- ing in the United States. Congress from time to time has apportioned small siuns for the support, education, and civilization of the Potawatomi Indians in Wisconsin. Several bills have been introduced to appropriate the entire amount found due the Indians residing in the United States, but no action by Congress has been taken with respect to the Canadian branch. The Wisconsin Potawatomi Indians are located in several counties in north- ern Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The act of June 30, 1913 (38 Stat. L., 77-102), appropriated the sum of $150,000, reimbursable from the money due the Indians, when appropriated, for the purchase of lands in Wisconsin for these Potawatomi Indians residing in the United States. This money has practically all been expended for the purpose indicated — approxi- mately 13,640 acres of land having been purchased. The act referred to pro- vides that the land purchased, except such as may be needed for administra- tive purposes, shall be divided equitably among the Indians entitled thereto, and patents therefor issued in conformity with the general allotment act of February 8, 1887 (24 Stat. L.. 388). The land purchased for these Indians is all cut-over land, heavily covered with brush, stumps, and small trees, and its clearing for cultivation was a task entirely beyond the means and facilities of the Indians, who formerly lived under very wretched conditions. Therefore, it was necessary to provide additional funds for this purpose, as shown in the following table, which also includes the original appropriation for the purchase of the land. Dat e of appropriation act . June 30, 1913. May 18, 1916. Mar. 2, 1917.. Mav25, 1918. June 30, 1919. Total... Statute reference. Vol- ume. 39 39 39 40 41 Page. 102 156 991 589 Purchase of land. $150,000 150, 000 Object. Support and civilizar tion. S75, 000 75, 000 75, 000 15,500 240,500 Per capita payments. ?25, 000 25, 000 50, 000 Total. $150, 000 100, 000 100, 000 75,000 15,500 440, 500 488 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. The report to Conjrress. published as House Locuuieut No. 830, Sixtieth Con- . j?ress. first session, sliows that the.se Indians are entitletl to $447,339, and as | $440,500 has already been appropriated for their benefit, this leaves a balance of ' $6,839. The amount carried in tlie item is .$0.89!). but tliis is a typo^rapliica! error. At the besinninf? of the fiscal yi>ar 1920 there remained unexpendei-escnt item proi)oses to reap- propriate and make available for expenditure the unexpended balance of . $28,250.13 for the fi.scal year 1917. In view of the fact that the ni<»ney was l orifjinally appropriated for the benefit of the Indians, and as it is due them ■ under the report mentioned above, the reapproia-iation shoidd i)e made. It is further provided that the expenditm-e of said sum. if reaiiprojiriated, shall be limited to the purposes set forth in the orijrinal acts niakini: the money available, namely, for the support and civilization of said Indians and to aid them in establishing homes on their land; such as the cleariufj thereof. . the purcha.se of houses, building material, seed, animals, machinery, tools, im- plements, and other equipment and supplies necessary to enable said Indians to become self-supporting. Mr. Elston. This is in the nature of an obligation? Mr, Meritt. Yes, sir. Mr. Elston. Moral or legal? Mr. Meritt. Both. : Mr. Elston. Is this a continuing appropriation, or is this the 1 first time that this appropriation has been suggested ? Mr. Meritt. This appropriation has been carried in the Indian bill for a number of years, and this is for the balance due those Indians. 5 Mr. Elston. This closes the books on this item, then? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. for relieving distress among ST. CROIX INDIANS, WISCONSIN. Mr. Elston. The next is a gratuity item for the purchase of sub- sistence supplies for relieving cases of actual distress and suffering among those needy St. Croix Indians of Wisconsin whose cases are referred to in report of January 30, 1915, transmitted by the Secre- tary of the Interior to the House of Representatives March 3. l{>ir). pursuant to the provisions of the act of Congress of Augu.st 1, 1914 (38 Stat. L., pj). 582-605), and printed as House Document Xo. 1663, Sixty-third Congress, third session, $1,000. ^ Mr. Meritt. I offer the following justification for the record : RELIEVING niSTRESS AMONG ST. CltOlX IN1)I.\NS. WISCONSIN. Fiscal vcar ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated $1,(HX). (H) Fiscal year ended June 30. 1920: Amount apiiropriated 1, *HX). Od Amount expended 972. 74 Unexpended balance 27. 2(5 Analysis of expenditures: Wages , •-?■». 00 Subsistence supplies 731. 21 K(|uipnieiit and ndscelhineous material 35.00 Mcdiciil service T>7. 53 Miscellaneous 15. 00 T(»lal 072. 74 IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 489 This amount is necessary to purchase food supplies for the prevention of suf- fering and distress among the needy St. Croix Ciilppewa Indians of Wisconsin, who were found hy an inspecting official of this service to he living in rudo huts and tepees in the region of the St. Croix and Yellow Rivers, Wis., and to be subsisting on roots and nmskrats and without ad('([uate protection from the severe winters which prevail in that vicinity. There are 95 of these Indians, and their situation is covered h.v the report of January 80, 15)1."), transmitted by the Secretary of the Interior to the Speaker of the House of Uepresenlalives on March 3, 1915, pursuant to the act of August 1. 1914 (38 Stat. L., 0()5), and printed as House Document No. 1663, Sixty-third Congres.s, third se.ssion. A similar appropriation was made last year and .served to ameliorate their condi- tion very considerably during the winter. The expenditure of this money will be looked after by the superintendent of the Laona Indian Agency, Wis., with very little, if any, expense, so that practically the entire sum will be u.sed for the actual relief or prevention of distress. Mr. Elston. This is about the wa}' I ^YOuhl like to see a o;oo(l many of these relief and distress items administered. There is no over- head at all, and practically all of the amount available for the Indians in this case is administered without any overhead expended from the fund itself. Mr. Meritt. AVe are using the agency already established to do this additional work. FOR FULFILLING TREATY WITH ST. CROIX CHIPPEWAS, WISCONSIN, Mr. Elston. The next item appears to be a treaty item : That to carry out the provisions of the Chippewa treaty of September 30, 18.54 (10 Stat. L., p. 1109), there is hereby appropriated, out of any money in the Trea.sury not otherwise appropriated, the sum of 810.000, in part settlement of the amount, .$141,000, found due and heretofore approved for the St. Croix Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin, whose names appear on the final roll pre- pared by the Sec-retary of the Interior pursuant to act of August 1, 1914 (38 Stat. L., pp. .582 to 605). and contained in House Document No. 1663, said sum of .$10,000 to be expended in the purchase of land or for the benefit of said Indians by the Commissioner cif Indian Affairs. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification: ST. CKOrX CHIPPEWAS. Pursuant to the act of August 1, 1914 (38 Stat. L., 605), an investigation was made of the claims of the St. Croix Chippewa Indians, under the treaty of September 3, 18-54 (10 Stat. L., 1109). and it was found that the sum of §^141,000 was due said Indians. This report is found in House Document No. 1663. Sixty-third Congi-^ss. The Indian act for the fiscal year 1921 contains an appropriation of $10,000 in part settlement of the amount thus found due. The present item is included in the estimates for the purpose of providing additional funds for the benefit of the Indians mentioned. WYOMING. FOR SrPPOET OF SHOSHONES IN WYOMING. Mr. Elston. We come now to the Wyoming items. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification for the support and civilization of the Shoshone Indians in Wyoming, including pay of employees, $15,000 : 490 INDIAjST appropriation bill, 1922. Support of Shofihones in Wyomiitg. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, amount appropriated $15. 000. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated 15,000.00 Amount expended 13. SG5. 32 Unexpended balance 1. 134. GS t Analy.sis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 3. 2.")8. 4G Traveling expenses 153. 17 Transportation of supplies 505.70 Telegraph and telephone service 114.99 Subsistence supplies 76.50 Di-y goods, clothing, etc 49. 51 Forage 4, 013. 07 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 919. 94 Medical supplies, etc 58. 34 Equipment and miscellaneous material 3, 741. 06 Miscellaneous 16. 75 Outstanding liabilities 896. 93 n Total 1 13, 865. 32 Tills item is requiretl for the support and civilization of the Shoshones of the_ "Wind lUver Reservation, Wyoming, and the amount requested is the same asj allowed for the fiscal year 1921. The appropriation is used for the purchase of forage, fuel, illuminants, sub-1 sistence, farming emplements and equipment, traveling expenses, pay of certain employees, and miscellaneous expenses for the conduct of the agency. Mr. Elston. What is the ability of those Indians? Mr. Meritt. Those Indians are progressing rapidly : they are mak- ing use of their irrigable land as well as their grazing land, and it will only be a question of a few years when they will be largely self-snp- porting. Mr. Elston. What funds and property have they ? Mr. Meritt. They have considerable property; they have in the Treasury $399,497; they have timber land estimated to be worth $836,281. Mr. Elston. Have they any other property? Mr. Meritt. They have tribal land estimated to be worth $1,610,249. Mr. Elston. How many Indians are there? Mr. MEurrT. One thousand seven hmuh-ed and .forty-eight Indians. Mr. Eleton. Do you think this tribe is in a position to bear the ex- pense of their sui)port and civilization? Mr. Meiutt. There aiv 880 Shoshones aiul 8(')8 Araiialioes, making a total of 1,748 Indians, and these Indians have considerable property interests, as you will notice. INDIAN SCHOOL, SHOSHONE, WYO. Mr. Elston. The next is a gratuity item for the support and edu-j cation of 100 Indian piii)ils at the Indian school, Shoshone Reserva- tion, \\'v()., including \)ny of sii|)crinttcndent, $27,500: for general re- pairs and improvements, $5,000: in all, $32,500. Mr. Meiutt. I otfer for the record the following justilication: t INDIAN APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. 491 Indian School, Shoshone Reservation, Wyo. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921: Aniouut appropriated $27, ."oo. 00 Fiiical year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated 36, 2o0. 00 Amount expended 24, 559. 97 Unexpended balance 11,690.03 [Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, wages, etc 10. SS9. 95 Transportation of supplies 2.55 L Telegraph and telephone service 44. 36 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 93. 00 Subsistence supplies 1,049. 70 Dry goods, clothing, etc 1,354.03 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 1.483.14 Medical supplies, etc 071. GO Equipment and miscellaneous material 1.914.83 Seed 292.10 Outstanding liabilities 5, 704. 05 Total 24, 559. 97 Indian School, Shoshone Reservation, Wyo., repairs and improvements. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1921 : Amount appropriated $5. 000. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated . 5. 000. 00 Amount expended 4, 135. 77 Unexpended balance 864. 23 Analysis of expenditures : Repair of buildings 1, 738. 66 Outstanding liabilities 2, 397. 11 Total ^. 135. 77 Statistical statement for i/ear ended June 30, 1920. Value of school plant (real property) ,$151,708 Number' of buildings 22 Number of employees 16 Total salaries *13, ISO Average attendance of pupils '^^ A.verage enrollment ^§ Capacity 135 ost per capita based on enrollment $216 oost per capita based on average attendance $240 A.rea of school land (acres) ^'Z-^ A.rea of school land (acres cultivated) _ JJ-> Talue of agricultural products ■'''"^•\--? ^^alue of other school products $S8< ndian money, proceeds of labor (school earnings), expended $1,890 superintendent's estimate of absolute needs for 1922: -qi i^ Support ^ -7^^ liepairs and Improvements o, imu Total 37. 140 492 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Superintendent's estimate of absolute needs for 1922 — Continued. Requested in proposed 1)111 for 1922 — Support and edufation of 100 Indian i)upils at the Indian school and sujierinTendeut's salary $27, 500 Repairs and improvements ">, (XVJ Total 32, 500 i Positions and salaries. 1920 — Suiierintendent L'. oOO . I'rincipal '. 1, 3(H) j Dis(ii)linarian 720 1 Principal teacher 900 Teacher 000 Teacher 0(Mt Matron . (UW , Assistant matron MO 3 Seamstress (M10 Laundress .'00 Nurse S40 Baker 300 Cook 000 Farmer S40 Engineer '.HKl General mechanic 720 Total 13. ISO I The sum requested for support of 100 Indian pupils at the Shoshone School, including salary of superintendent, is .'?27.o00. This amount is based upon a per capita of $250. Five thousand dollars is requested for general repairs and improvements.;! This amount has been provided for several years and will be nee The heating, lighting, sewer, and water systems require constant attention to0 Cultivated hy Indians do G. 141) Cultivated i>y white owners do 1<>, t'.JO Cultivated hy white lessees do 4. SfH) Number of Indians engafied ll.S" jVuniher of whites engaged (owners) 312 Nunil)er of whites engaged (lessees) . !>7 Construction costs for tiscal year $l,97. 00 Irrigation practiced by Indians years ago ; work on present system was Jirst begun in 1905 ; work done by force account, Indian labor i»eing princiiwUy used. Average annual precipitation, 10 inches ; source of water supply, Big Wind River and tributaries. Crops produced : (irain and hay ; market for products, local ; distance from ' railroad, 18 miles. Some eight different systems on tlie Wind River Reservation supply water for irrigation purposes to some 21,650 acres of land, the ultimate irrigable area approximating 88.000 acres. Heretofore the normal How of the streams had been reasonably sufticient to supply the needed demands for irrigation puriM)ses. but the increased acreage under cultivation, especially during the years of insutli- cient precipitation, necessitates better diversion facilities and. in some cases, storage. Considerable complaint has arisen during the past year or two over the un.satisjifctory delivery of water through this system, arising mainly from the causes just stated. When the water gt'ts low in the streams, unless etticient diversion dams are available, it is jjractically impossible to control the availaltle supi)ly and get it into the distributing canals. Many of the wooden structures built on this system origiuiilly have deterin- rated and need rei)lacing. To avoid frequent renewal of such structures con- crete should be used instead of wood. The operation and maintenance ex- penses are somewiiat high, ov.'ing to the deterioration of existing wooden struc- tures, necessitating frequfnt replacement. On one system alone, locally known as the Coolidge system, a concrete headgate (o rei»lace the pre.sent lu'actically worthless wooden one is estimated to cost !i;4,(KH), and the rei)lacement of 29 wooden droi)s and 11 du^cks wivh concrete will cost approximately .S18,(MH). Similar work on the upper Wind River irrigation sy-;tem will necessitate an expeiiditiu'e of approximately $20.0(10. Some 25,000 acres of hmd in lM acres of land in jirlvate ownership, in small tracts varying from l(urposes above liulicated. in iinance expenses. Mr. Ki.sroN. IIow niiicli of (lie aiiioiinl you ask is applicable to inainleniince and operation? INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 495 Mr. Mkritt. We expended last year $7l,902.G9 for operation and maintenance. Mr. Elstox. Whatever wonld be applicable out of this ajjpi-opria- tion for construction would be to enlarge the irrigated area ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir. FOR CONTINUING CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS AND BRIDGES, SHOSHONE RESER- VATION, WYO. Mr. Elston. The next is a reimbursable item for continuing the ■work of constructing roads and bridges Avithin the diminished Sho- shone or Wind River Reservation in Wyoming, $15,000 — said sum to be reimbursed from any funds which are now or may hereafter be pb^ced in the Treasury to the credit of said Indians, to rem.-iin a charge and lien upon the lands and funds of said Tndian.s until paid. Mr. Meritt. I offer for the record the following justification : Roads and bridges, Shoshone Reservation, Wyo. (reimbursement). Fi.scal year ending June 30, 1921. amount appropriated $1.5, 000. 00 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount appropriated ' 2.5, 000. 00 Amount expended 16^872. 12 Unexpended balance 8, 127. 88 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc , 12, 169. 00 Equipment and miscellaneous material ' 763. 12 Outstanding liabilities 3, 940. 00 16, 872. 12 This reservation comprises approximately 829,998 acres of land inhabited by 1,696 Indians. This is an appropriation for continuing the work of constructing roads and bridges on the Shoshone or Wind River Reservation in Wyoming, connnenced during the fiscal year 1913 under an appropriation of .$10,000 con- tained in the Indian act for that year (37 Stat. L., 539), at which time it was estimated that $67,000 would be required to improve the roads on the reservation and place them in comparatively as good condition as those constructed outside the limits of the reservation by Fremont County, in which the reservation is lo- cated. Approximately $5,000 was expended from this api»ro]iriation during that year, the balance being reappropriated and used during the fiscal year 1914. In addition to the reappropriation of this sum, there was also supplied $1,000 to be used in investigating the condition of the roads and bridges on the reservation, including the making of surveys, maps, plats, and other expenses in estimating the cost of the suitable and necessary roads and bridges. After the expenditure of the $10,000 and the completion of the surveys, the estimatted cost of the con- struction of the roads and bridges yet necessary was $111,032.21. Complete re- ports, with copies of the data compiled were forwarded to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and to the President of the Senate on October 27, 1913. Additional appropriations have been made for this pui'pose as follows : 1920 $2.5. 000 1921 15, 000 Total-^ 165, 000 1915 $25, 000 1916 25. 000 1917 25. 000 1918 25. 000 1919 25, 000 While the total amount thus far appropriatetl ($165,000) is considerably in I excess of the original estimate ($111,032.21), same has been insufficient to pro- vide the reservation with adequate road facilities in conformity with the ! original plan, owing to the greatly increased cost of material and labor during [the past few years, and the further fact that the roads- were badly damaged by floods, which necessitated a great deal of expensive repair work. In order to 496 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. niaiiit.iin the roads already built and provide funds for the construction of new roads and bridjres, and thus i)roix>rly etiuip the reservation with facilities of tins nature, it is estimated tluit at least $1.").(»(H) additional will be re0, reimbursable under such rules and refrulations as the Secretary of the Interior, may presclbe. ; I offer for the record the following justification for that item: Irrigation reded lands. Wind Rii'er liescn-atiou, Mi/o. (For statistical table, see preceding: item.) After the Indians of the Wind River Reservation. Wyo., had been allotted, the surplus lands within that part of the reservation lyinjr north and east of the Biy Wind River were thrown open to settlenunit and entry. This left a num- ber of Indian allottees interspersed between white landowners, and in installing irrifration facilities for the l)eneHt of the Indians of this reservation in 11)14 arrangements were entered into by contract with white landowners looking: to the construction of a .joint system to snipply certain irri}nd)le lands in the ceded part of the reservation, approxinuitinj: lo.tKK) acres, of which 7.000 acres bt'loiig to Indians and are largely now under cultivation. The appropriation re«iuested is to i)ay the proportionate part of the operation and maintenance cbarires properly assessable ajrainst the Indian lands and for the extension of canals and laterals where needed. I'nder the Indian approjjriation act of .lune ;^0. ls)19, an appropriation of .$.")0,000 was made for the ituri)ose of lieariiifr the pn»pt)itionate part of the cost charfieable aj^ainst the Indian lands, of constructinjr a new diversion dam to su|)ply the lands under this system. Mr. Meritt. There was a typographical error made in i)iintiug the bill. On page 45, under the item for New Mexico, it appeal's that we have asked $15,000 for the Mescalera tribe, whereas we want $45,000 for that work. Mr. Hastinos. As I understand it, section 25 of the bill authori/.e# the department to exi)end various sums of money for the supi)ort ancfe civilization of these difl'ereiit ti'ibes of Indians, in mldition to amounts sj)ecilically pi'ovided in pre\ious provisions of the bilH it Mr. MEurrr. Yes, sir. You will recall that up to about four years ago we were permitted under the law to use tribal funds without si)ecific authority of Congress each year, but four years ago CouirresS re(jtiired us to niaUe these estimates for the use of the tribal funds, and we are simply asking authority to do what wc have been doing for a great many vears. ill w «tt < tor Be ja «fi lBt( frii r ' ' I: Ml ■C<\ Id lO' Ka Jli )Io ■4: M hilt Nei Xnr Xor U: 'Vis Am Am [ 211 INDIAN APPROrRIATION BILL, 1922. 497 Mr. Hastings. All of these tribes, of course, have these amounts to their credit ? Mr. Meritt. Yes, sir; not a dollar of this money -will come out of Federal Treasury funds. Mr. Hastixgs. Of course, I have expressed my disapproval of this method of making: these appropriations. I think these items ou<,dit to «fo in the various appropriations and I do not believe in *rivin«r this authority to spend this money from tribal funds in addition to the other monej's. TKIBAL FUNDS. • Sec. 25. That in acWition to the Indian tribal and treaty funds, the expendi- ture of which is specifically authorized elsewhere in this act, and sucli sums as me be recjuired for equalization of allotments, education of Indian children, per capita and oilier payments to Indians, reimbursement to the United States of the expenditures from reimbursable appropriations, and expenditures for the Five Civilized Tribes, in accordance with existing laws, the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, authorized to expend not exceeding $i,G02,.593 from tlie funds held by the United States in trust for the respective tribes for support and civilization of the Indians under the jurisdiction of the following agencies, to wit : Arizona : Colorado River, $4,250 ; Fort Apache, ?120,000 ; Fort Mojave, $2,450 ; Kaibab. $4,070: Leupp. $510; Pima, $565; San Carlos, $100,000; Salt River, $4,500 : Truxton Canyon, $15,000. California: Capitan Grande, $2,780; Hoopa Valley, $5,700; Malki, $160; Round Valley, $11.500 : Tule River, $2,500. Colorado : Southern Ute, $3,840 ; Ute Mountain, $19,200. Idaho: Couer d'Alene, $15,058; Fort Hall, $25,580; Fort Lapwai, $15,000. Iowa : Sac and Fox, $2,080. Kansas : Kickapoo, $688 ; Pottawatomie, $3,570. Michigan: Mackinac, $100. Minnesota : Red Lake, $15,000; White Earth, $1,400. Montana: Blackfeet, $50,000; Crow, $200,000; Flathead, $20,000; Fort Bel- knap, $50,000 ; Rocky Boy, $9,400 ; Tongue River, $25,000. Nebraska : Omaha, $9,500 ; Winnebago, $2,875. Nevada: Fort McDermitt, $674; Nevada, $5,400; Walker River, $6,700; Western Shoshone, $15,000. New Mexico: Jicarilla. $125,000; Mescalero, $15,000; Northern Pueblos, $880 ; Pueblo Bouito, $1,300 ; San Juan. $2,670. North Carolina : Eastern Cherokee, $12,703. North Dakota : Fort Berthold, $25.000 ; Standing Rock, $106,-500. Oklahoma : Kiowa, $19.800 ; Seger, $176 ; Pawnee, $1,335 ; Otoe, $700 ; Seneca, $500 : Sac and Fox. $5,000. Oregon: Klamath, $100,000; Umatilla, $9,200; Warm Springs, $2,554. South Dakota: Chevenne River, $12.5.000; Crow Creek, $.525; Lower Brule, $10,000 ; Rosebud. $12,500 ; Sisseton, $10,000. Utah : Goshute, $8,360 ; Uintah, $23,850. Washington: Colville, $49,500; Quinaielt, $1,850; Spokane, $7,740; Yakima, 25,000. Wisconsin: Lac du Flambeau, $15,000; Keshena (Menominee), $39,900. Wyoming: Shoshone, $70,000. Colorado River. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount authorized $10, 500.00 Amount expended 935. 78 L'nexpended balance 9, 564. 22 Analysis of expenditures : Traveling expenses 124. 15 Transportation of supplies 11- 63 Equipment and miscellaneous material 800. 00 Total 935. 78 498 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922 Colorado River, $4,250. The l)ulk of this iunount will be used in road-iniproveinent work. The agri- cultural part of the re.servation is practicall}- without roads, aud it is abso- lutely necessary that considerable road work be done to enable the fanners to haul their produce to market. In addition to the road work, .small amounts will be used for travelin.ii expenses of the superintendent and employees and in the purchase of miscellaneous equipment and material. Fort Apache. 4 Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount authorized $87,291.00 Amount expended 57,945.28 Unexpended balance 29,345.72 -1 Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, wages, etc 25, 487. 90 Traveling expenses 316. 48 Transportation of supplies 3,910.87 Subsistence supplies 1, 621. 43 Forage 8. 622. 56 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 816. 63 . Medical supplies, etc 477. 60 i Live stock 7,467.53 \ Equipment and miscellaneous material 7.223.83 "I Construction of buildings 1,387.00 ) Miscellaneous , 607. 45 Total 57,945.28 Fort Apache, $125,000. This amount is derived from timber sales and the rental of tribal land for grazing purposes, and will be \ised approximately as follows: Salaries $25,000 Annual estimate supplies 25, OIK) Roads and bridges 25, OfH) Live stock for Indians _' 18. (KX) Timber expenses 12. 0(K) Homes for Indians 10, OiH> Assisting Indians in agriculture 8, OoO Miscellaneous purposes 2, 000 f; 'F( Tl Kitli tan risci iual Total 125, 000 The items for salaries and animal estimate supplies will cov»m- the salaries of regular employees and the usual annual estimate supplies chargeable to this fund. Improved road facilities are badly needed on this reservation, and it is esti- mated at least $25,000 A\'ill be required for this purpose next year. Tins work also provides the Indians with labor and to that extent contributes to their support. This reservation is well adapted to the live-stock industry, and it is intendeil to inaugurate an aggressive and systematic campaign next year with tlie view of providing the Indians with better stock, for which it is estimated approxi- mately $18,000 will be required. The item of $12,000 for timber expenses will be used to defray the expensi>s of the administration of the timber interests on the reservation. value«l at: approximately $2,000,000. Most of the Indians of this reservation now reside in tents or tepees. In order that a start may be made in providing them with permanent homes the item of $10,000 has l)een included for this jairpose. In order that tiie Indians may progress In agriculture it will b(> nect>ssary to assist them by providing funds f(U- tlu> i)urehase of seeds anil implements and the construction of small. Individual ditches, fences, etc., at an estimated ex- pense ol" $8,000 for the year. 'JMie item of $2,000 for miscelhuKHUis purpo.ses will he used for such eiiier- i^, gencies as may arl.se during the year which <'an not be delinitely anticipated. Thi M. ttei'i Fis Let Ibi liielv nsi Tliii litely t" 5ief Ai Ai iiiaivs Fi: 111 Ed Salt Itarbt INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1022. 499 Fort Mojave. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920, amount authorized, none. Fort Mojave, $2,450. This small amount will l)e required f(ir miscellaneous purposes connected with the support and civilization of the Indians of this reservation, but which can not be definitely anticipated. In a general way, however, it will be use8. 77 211. 00 A Salaries .?3.1. 000 Annual estimate supplies 4r». 000 Roads and bridges 10. (NX> Irregular Indian labor 5, IM)0 Miscellaneous purposes 5, 000 m Total 100.000) This agency is almost entirely supporte I'nexpcnded balance 28. OlS. :J5 Analysis of cxpeudilures: Salaries, wages, etc '. 8, .882. 17 Traveling expenses .: 1.1:». 72 Subsistence supi)lles 1. .111. :'3 Dry goods, clothing, etc 787. 49 Forage 1. 40:V ,81 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 1.0.">1.05 Me stock 10. 807. 00 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 501 Ainilysis of exponditures — Continued. PJqiupiuent iind niiscellimeous material $1,721.50 Construction of fence -,03 20 Miscellaneous Kj.'j, 49 Total . 26, 981. 65 Truxton Canon, $15,000. This amount is derived from grazing permits on the reservation, and will be used for pay of regular employees, the maintenance of the tribal herd, construc- tion and repair of fences, the purchase of materials, the employment of irregu- lar Indian labor, and for miscellaneous and emergency purposes during the year, Pala {Capitan Grande). Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920. amount authorized, none. Capitan Grande, $2,780. This amount will be used for miscellaneous purposes, such as the repair of roads, bridges, and fences, and such emergencies as may arise from time to time during the year, but which can not be definitely anticipated. Hoopa Valley. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920, amount authorized, none. Hoopa Valley, $5,700. Part of this amount will be i-equired for the repair of roads and trails on the reservation, and the balance in connection with the timber operations. Malki. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920, amount authorized, none. Malki, $160. This small amount will be used for such emergencies as may arise from time to time during the year, but which can not be definitely anticipated. Round Valley. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920 : Amount authorized 1 $1, 340. 00 Amount expended 162. 57 Unexpended balance 1, 177. 43 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 115. 25 Subsistence supplies 36. 95 Miscellaneous 10. 37 Total 162. 57 Round Valley, $11,500. This amount is required for expenses connected with timber operations, employment of irrigation Indian labor, improvement of roads, and such un- foreseen emergencies as may arise during the year which can not be definitely anticipated. Tule River. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920: Amount authorized $1, 200. 00 Amount expended 1, 200. 00 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 759. 00 Traveling expenses 23. 94 Subsistence supplies 110- 47 Dry goods, clothing, etc 20. 93 Medical supplies, etc io2'So Equipment and miscellaneous supplies 163. 78 Miscellaneous ^1- ^^ Total 1' -00- 00 502 INDIAISr APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Tule River, $2,500. This amount is derived from grazing permits on the trihal range, and will ho used for timber expenses ; the emplojment of irregular Indian labor ; the pur- chase of emergency supplies; and for miscellaneous purposes which can not he definitely anticipated. Southern Ute. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920 : Amount authorized $19. 490. 00 Amount expended 271. 19 Unexpended balance 19, 218. 81 Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, w-ages, etc 137. 00 Traveling expenses 90. 19 Equipment and miscellaneous material 44. IX) Total 271. 19 Southern Ute, $2,840. Practically the entire amount estimated for will be used in the employment of irregular Indian labor; the purchase of emergency material and supplies; and for other purposes which can not be definitely anticipated in connection with the industrial welfare and progress of the Indians. j Ute Mountain. ! Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920 : Amount authorized $47. 100. 0<1 Amount expended 31, 160. 07 Unexpended balance In, 9.39. 93 Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, wages, etc 5,983.78; Traveling expenses 442. ."iS Transportation of supplies 9(il. 47 Telegraph and telephone service 90. 0(> Subsistence supplies ISO. 39 Dry goods, clothing, etc 39. 19 Forage 021. .".3 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service <')94. 00 Medical supplies, etc 4.13. O.'i Live stock 17, 2S1. (H) Equipment and miscellaneous material 4. 240. 05 | Miscellaneous 105. 411 Total 31, 160. 07- Ute Mountain, $19,200. This iiniount is derived principally fron> grazing permits on trihal land and will be used for the employment of irregular labor and the imrchase of mate- rials and supplies in cer expenses, and lor unforeseen purposes which may arise during the year that can not be deliuitely auticipated. Fort Hall. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount authorized $10,300.00 Amount expended ic', OOo! 00 Unexpended balance 300. 00 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc ,540.00 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 997. 21 Forage 14^ 414. 93 Equipment and miscellaneous material 47. SO 10, 000. 00 Fort Hall, $25,580. This amount is derived from farming and grazing leases on tribal land, and it is planned to use same largely in assisting the Indians in locating on and bringing under cultivation their irrigated allotments. The breaking and sub- duing of the raw land requires efiuipment in many cases beyond the Indian owner's ability to obtain unassisted, and since these funds belong to the Indians, they should be used as needed for their benefit. A part of the funds will be used for regular and irregular employees to further the use of the irrigated land above mentioned. A considerable sum, approximately .$7,.500, should be used in the purchase of bulls to be placed on the range used by the cattle belonging to individual Indians. Very few of the Indians are able to provide themselves with good bulls, and since the cattle run in a common pasture, it is believed to be for the best interest of all the Indians to provide some of these animals from this fund. Fort Lapicai. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount authorized $15,000. 00 Amount expended 11. 085. 43 Unexpended balance 3. 914. 51 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 0,078.10 Traveling exiienses 293. 72 Transportation of supplies 112. 92 Telegraph and telephone service 118.91 Stationery, printing 28. 8.> Subsistence supplies l"^- ^'^ Forage ^'^^^ ^i Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 1,388. 37 Medical supplies, etc HI?" "^^ Equipment and miscellaneous material 1.772.80 Miscellaneous 1^^- ^'^ 11. 085. 43 Fort Lapwai. .S15,000. This amount will be used approximately as follows : 1 Salaries of regular employees 1 ' -on Irregular labor }' ^^' Annual estimate supplies ^^ Traveling expenses 2^^ Farm machinery \*rj; Telegraph and telephone ^^ Miscellaneous ^^*' 504 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. The amount estimated for is ^o.OOO greater than was allowed for the fiscal year 1921, owing to the fact that all tl.e expenses of the agency will be paid from tribal funds in the future. Sac a>Hl Fox. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920: Amount authorized $1. 200. on Amount expended 1.200. iMt Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 5>!1. 40 Transportation of supplies 11. 9r> Equipment and miscellaneous material 93.00 Tribal taxes 44S. 43 Miscellaneous 65. -- 1,200. (H> Sac and Fox, .$2,080. One thousand five hundred dollars of this money will be required to pay Stale taxes on the tribal land of the Indians under existing law. The balance will be used for the repair and upkeep of the reservation roads and fences. Kickapoo. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920, amount authorized, none. Kickapoo, $G88. This small amount will be used for such miscellaneous and unforeseen pur- poses as may arise during the year, but which can not be definitely anticipated. Kickapoo ( Potawatom i ) . Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount authorized $4, 750. 00 Amount expended 1, S77. ("' Unexpended balance 2. 872. 37 Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, wages, etc 1,9. !i<> Trniis)i()rt;iti()n of supplies L'O. 3>> Telegraph and teU'iilione service 17. li> Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 4t>S. !•:> Equipment and miscelhinei)us material 175. 7_' 1,877. ('.:: Potawatomi, .$:5.570. This amonnl will be used for the employment of irregular labor, the piireba-e of emergency material and supplies, and for such other puri)oses as ran not be definitely anticipated. Mackinac. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Ainonnt andiorized .$2, 13^. on Amount e.xpt ihUhI 244. 4"^ Unexjx'nded balanee 1, 893. 52 Analysis of e\i)en(lilin"es: Stationei'y, pi'inting 149. "Jii S\ibsistenee sni»p]ie8 _— 43. 7S Fnel, lubricants, power a«id light service 5. .">0 E(|iilpinenl and ml.scelliintMMis nuiterial 11. (M» Mlscellaiieinis , 35. (to 244. 48 % K ¥ INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 505 :Mac'kinac. $100. This small ainrtuiit will ho ust^l for the rcliof of indineiit Indians uixUm- this jurisdiction who, hy reason of their citizenship statns, are not entitled to such aid from the regular gratuity appropriation for that purpose. Red Lake. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1930: Amount authorized $1.^,000. 00 Amount expended 12] 282. 83 Uuexpeuded balance •_>. 717. 17 Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, wages, etc 5, 719. 57 Traveling expenses 1, 039. 28 Transportation of supplies 364.50 Telegraph and telephone service 246. 38 Subsistence supplies 1, 678. 87 Forage 1, 243. 20 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 824. 58 Medical supplies, etc 47. 37 Equipment and miscellaneous material 568. 41 Attorney's fee 500. 00 Miscellaneous 50. 67 12, 282. 83 Red Lake, $15,000. This amount will be expended about as follows : Annual estimate supiilies $10, 000 Operation of tractors used for breaking land and road construction 1. 000 Premiums and expenses of reservation fair 1, 000 Indian exhibit at State fair 300 Irregular Indian labor 2, 000 Miscellaneous purposes 700 Total 15,000 The item of $10,000 for annual estimate supplies is for the regular supplies furnished each year chargeable to this fund, and that of $1,000 for the operation of tractors while engaged in breaking land for the Indians and doing road work on the reservation. A very successful agricultural fair is held on the reservation each year and the Indians have asked that a portion of their tribal funds be utilized to defray the expenses thereof. An exhibit is also shown at the State fair, the expense of which will be approximately $300. The item of $2,000 for irregular Indian labor is for such labor as may be necessary from time to time during the year on the reservation fences, roads, etc. ; and that of $700 for miscellaneous purposes is for unforseen contingencies which can not be definitely anticipated. White Earth. Fi.scal year ending June 30. 1920: « -n nn Amount authorized $2.20. 00 Amount expended ^^^- ^" Unexpended balance ^^- ^"^ Analysis of expenditures: n- a-» Stationery, printing ^l"- ^|; Equipment and miscellaneous material ol. 30 Miscellaneous ^- ^^ 151. 86 White Earth, $1,400. This amount will be used as a sort of reserve fund for such emergency pur- poses as mav arise during the year but which can not be definitely anticipated. The reduction in the annual authorization from " Cliippewa in :Minnesota 506 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. fund " makes it necessary to provide other finids wherever possible In order that the worl< of the service may not be liandicapped. | Dlackfcct. : Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount authorized $ol,920. 00 Amount expended 51, OGS. 99 , Unexpended balance •'^51. 01 Analvsis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 10. 378. .32 Tiavelins expenses . 1. 185. 02 Transportation of supplies 3,154.48 Telefrraj)!! and telephone service 195.01 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 353^ .")6 Subsistence supplies 15, 421. 53 Dry goods, etc 113.05 Forage 13. 834. 42 Fuel, lubricants, power, and light service 913. 10 ^ledical supplies, etc 43. 72 Equipment and miscellaneous material 5,290.28 Rent of buildings 50. (Kl Miscellaneous 136. 50 51, 068. 99 Blackfeet, $50,000. This money is derived from grazing permits, trespass fees, and the sale of tribal cattle, and will be used approximately as follows : Salaries $9, .160 Annual estimate supplies 10, (MX) Relief of destitute Indians 10. (^X) Roads and bridges 15. (XXI Operation and upkeep of automobiles 2, 5ear, the item of $10,0ared with the outside peojile. There are 10 (Jovernment automobiles used by employees on this reservation, the average yearly co.st of operation and upkeep being $250 each, or $2,500 In all. Crow. Fiscal year ended .Tune 30, 1920: Amount aut liorized $2.50, 0(X). 00 Amount expended 223. 391. 20 Unexpended balance 26. 60S. SO Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, wages, etc ^ 69. S(IS. r.4 Traveling cxiu'uses 6. 2.32. .'19. 29 Telegraph and teleitlione service 14.'?. .'iS Stationery, iirintlng. schoolroom sui>plle8 184.71 INDIAN APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. 507 Analysis of expenditnres — Continued. Subsistence supplies «j;9^ r,-_j -rj Pry ^oods. clothing, etc I _ " 317 11 Forage ZZ__Z_Z"_"ZZIZ lOS, 401 '. OS Fuel, lubricants, power, and light service 7, 032. 44 Medical supplies, etc l!ri20. 84 Equipment and miscellaneous material ll!o.".". OS Bounty for killing coyotes .31."). 00 Seed . 2, 209. 10 Miscellaneous 2*. 948. 30 223. 391. 90 Crow, $200,000. This amount is derived principally from the rental of unallotted land for grazing purposes and the sale of cattle from the tribal herd and will be used approximately as follows : Salaries $40,000 Annual estimate supplies .50,000 Roads and bridges 50,000 Payments to individual allottees 40,000 Irregular Indian labor , 5.000 Traveling expenses 2. .500 Freighting 2. .500 Operation and upkeep of automobiles 2, .500 Miscellaneous purposes 7. 500 Total 200. 000 This-' agenc.v is almost entirely supported from tribal funds. The item for salaries and annual estimate supplies will be required for the salaries of regiilar employees and the purchase of the usual annual estimate supplies. Better i-oads and bridges are badly needed on this reservation. Big Horn Count.v contains 140 townships. 100 being located within the reservation, in which the county has spent apiiroximately $111,000 for roads and bridges that have been of great benefit to the Indians. Improved road facilities will con- tribute materially to the industrial welfare and progress of the Indians-, and as the funds are available it is believed that their use for this purpose should be authorized. The v.ork also furnishes the Indians with labor, and to that extent contributes to their support. The item of $40,000 is for payment to the individual Indians for the use of their unfenced allotments within the tribal grazing pastures, the entire amount of fees received being taken up as tribal funds. The item of $5,000 for irregular Indian lalwr is for such labor as may be necessary during the year for general repair work about the agency and on the reservation ; that of .$2..500 for traveling expenses, for the traveling expenses of the superintendent and other employees while engaged in the discharge of their official duties; and that for the operation and upkeep of automobiles, for the purchase of gasoline, tires, and oil, and the repair of Government auto- mobiles used bv such emplo.vees. The item of $7,500 for miscellaneous purposes is for such unforseen expendi- tures as may be necessary from time to time during the year which can not be definitely anticipated. Flathead. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount authorized •^'^f*- 000.00 Amount expended 1^- ^^^- ^^ Unexpended balance 20. 010. 31 Analvsis of expenditures : ~" 11 Q1 *y QQ Salaries, wages, etc ^^' -^j^-- ^^ Traveling expenses "*' ^'-^- ^^ Stationery, printing ^ loo'co Subsistence supplies -- !--■ J^ Fuel, lubricants, power and light service -|^- -4 Equipment and miscellaneous material i il' rin* Rent of buildings 1 4 -"T Miscellaneous ■^'*" '' rpQ^.^^ 19, 9S9. 69 508 IXDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Flathead, .$20,000. This amount is derived principally from the sale of tribal timber on tlie reservation and will be used approximately as follows: Salaries ?10, (KX) Timber expenses 5,000 Operation of sawmill 5,000 Total 20,000 The amount shown for salaries will be required to pay the salaries of regu- lar employees charjieable to this fund. The item of $.5,000 for timber expenses is to cover the estimated admin- istrative expense connected with the sale of timber from unallotted land on this reservation. The $5,000 for the operation of the sawmill is for the employment of irregular labor for this purpose, the payment of stumpage, and the delivery of logs at the mill. Fort Belknap. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount authorized $41. 000. 00 Amount expended 35, 945. 54 Unexpended balance , 5,054. 4G Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wajres. etc 0. 6G2. G6 Traveling expen.ses 1, S27. 29 Transportation of supplies 941. 26 Telegraph and telephone service 32. ;^S Subsi.stence .supplies 2. 0C5. 00 Forage 5, 49S;. 94 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 411. (X) Live stock 2, S45. 00 Equipment and miscellaneous material 3, 743. 36 Medical service 44r). 30 Seed 8, OSG. 41 Miscellaneous 385. 54 Total 35. 945. 54 Fort P.elknap. $.'50,000. This amount is derived from the rental of tribal land for grazing purposes, and will be used approximately as follows : Salaries $10,000 Animal estimate supplies 25, (^H) Purchiiso of seed grain for Indians G. 54>0 Irregular Indian labor 2, .500 Roads, bridges, and fences 2, .50(1 Fuel, bags, twine, e C, for flour mill l.(HK) Miscellaneous purposes 2. .5(H) Total 50,(XK> The items for salaries and aimual estiniate supplies are for the salaries of regular employees and the i)urchase of the usual annual estimate supi>lios chargeable to this fund. Owing to several successive crop failures, it will be necessary to jirovlde the Indians of this reservation wih seed grain next year, at an estimated cost of $0,500, wliicli will be sold to lliem on the reimbursable i)laM. 1'lie amount designated for irreirnl.ir lnenses is for expenses of this nature in- . ourred by the superintendent and other employees in connection witli the dis- ; charge of their official duties ; that of $500 for miscellaneous purposes, for such emergencies as may ari.se during the year, but which can not be deluiitely an- ticipatetl. Omaha. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: ' Amount authorized $16, 400. 00 Amount expended 11,041.34 ^ ■ Unexpended balance 5, 35S. 66 ] ' — Analysis of expenditures — ■ Salai-ies, wages, etc 5,074.12 Traveling expenses OSS. 23 . Transportation of supplies 407.62 J Telegraph and telephone .service 67. 10 { Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 45. 50 j Dry goods, clothing, etc 73. 5S | Forage 101. 5S i| Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 1, 415. 39 i Live stock 300. tK> 1 Equipment and miscellaneous material 1,330.04 ' Medical service 140. 20 Miscellaneous 313. 98 11,041.34 Omalia, .$0,.500. This anioniit is derived from the rental of tribal land and the sale of reserva- tion products, and will be used approximately as follows: Salaries and wages $7. .'>00 Annual estimate, supi)lies 2, 82. 72 Equipment and miscellaneous material . 1, .lOO. 00 Seed 110. OO Miscellaneous 173. 35 4, 947. 25 Winnebago, .$2,875. This amount is derived principally from the rental of tribal land for grazing purposes, and will be used approximately as follows : Annual estimate supplies .$1,000 Irregular Indian labor .500 Electric lights 'jOO Repair of fences, bridges, and sidewalks .5tK) Miscellaneous purposes .375 Total 2, 875 All the items mentioned above will be required to defray the necessary ex- penses of this agency during the year. Fort McDennitt. Fiscal year ended .Tune 30, 1920, amount authorized, none. Fort McDermitt, $674. This amount is dei'ived from trespass fees, and will be used for general pur- poses, such as the repair of roads, fences, and irrigation ditches. Nevada. Fiscal year ended .Tune 30, 1920: Amount authorized ?3, .572. 00 Amount expended 2, 754. 78 Unexpended balance 817. 22 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 1. 320. 00 Transportation of supplies 30.00 Subsistence .supplies 53. 94 Forage 29-5.68 Fuel, lubricants, povrer, and light service 111. 19 Medical supplies, etc 1^9. 72 Equipment and miscellaneous material 821. 00 Miscellaneous ^^- "^ Total -' ~'^^- '*'S Nevada $5 400. This amount is derived from the rental of tribal land for grazing purposes; and will be used approximately as follows : Salaries ?3. 040 Annual estimate supplies -' )^"' Miscellaneous purposes '^"'^ Total - 5,400 The items for salaries and annual estimate supplies are for the salaries of regular emplovees and the purchase of the usual annual estimate supplies chargeable to this fund, and that for miscellaneous purposes for such unfore- seen emergencies as may arise during the year which can not be dehnitely anticipated. 512 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922, ^yaIlccl^ River. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920: Amount autlun-ized $200 Amount expended None. Walker River, $6,700. This amount is derived from the rental of tribal land for grazing purposes, and will be used approximately as follows : Salaries $1,140 Annual estimate supplies 3, OiK) Irregular Indian labor 1,000 Material for repair of fenceg, roads, and bridges 1, 000 Miscellaneous purposes 560 Total 6,700 The Items for salaries and annual estimate supplies are for the salaries of regular employees and the purchase of the usual annual estimate supplies ] chargeable to this fund. It is necessary to do considerable road work on the reservation fences, roads, and bridges. The item for irregular Indian labor is for the employment of such labor for this purpose, material for which the next item shown above is intended to cover. The item for miscellaneous purposes is intended to cover such unforeseen emergencies as may arise during the year. Western ShosJione. Fiscal year ending .June 30, 1920 : Amount authorized $21, 270. 00 Amount expended 9. 200. Si Unexpended balance 12. 069. 19 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 3, 2S3. SS Traveling expenses 22. IX) Transportation of supplies 496.94 Telegraph and telephone service 34. 32 Subsistence supplies 427. 07 Forage 6.'?2. S."> Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 1,2.">0. 36 Medical supplies, etc 73. 94 Live stock lir>. (H) Equipment and miscellaneous material 1, 690. 40 Seed 1,173. 15 Total 9, 200. 81 Western Shoshone, $15,000. This amount is deprived from the rental of trilial land for grazing purposes, and will Ije used approximately as follows: Salaries $2, 2S0 Annual (■slimatt* supplies 4, (MM) Irregular Indian labor 2, (MK> Purchase of arti(M) Miscellaneous purposes 1, 2J0 Total - 15, 0(M) The items for salaries and annual esthnale supplies will be used to jwiy the .salaries of regular emitloy(>es and for the i)ureliasi> of the usual annual estliuate su]>plies cliargt-aitle to this fund. iMcludiiig bay and otlier feed for tribal live slock, articles issued to the Indiuns in leiurii for labor, and supplies for destitute Indians. I INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 513 The item for irregular Iiulian lal)or will be used largely on l!u' n'servatinn fence now under construction and which should he coniph'tcd as soon as possible. Work is practicable only in the spring, when th«' Indians can si)are sufficient time from their other activities to do about !i;2,000 worth of work uiK.n the fence. Approximately the sum of $5,000 will be used for the purchase of agricul- tural implements, machinery, and other articles for sale to the Indians on the reimbursable plan. The item of $500 for traveling expenses will be required to defray expenses of this nature incurred by the superintendent and other employees in con- nection wuth the discharge of their official duties. The item for miscellaneous purposes is for such unforeseen contingencies as may arise during the year. Jicarilla. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount authorized $282, 000. 00 Amount expended 186,' 658. 36 Unexpended balance i 95, 341. 64 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 24,674.75 Traveling expenses 330. 65 Transportation of supplies— 449. 45 Subsistence supplies 2, 875. 44 Dry goods, clothing, etc 223. 35 Forage 472.75 Live stock I54, 762. 25 Equipment and miscellaneous material 2, 276. 65 Miscellaneous , 593. 07 186, 658. 36 Jicarilla, $125,000. This money is derived from the rental of tribal land for grazing purposes, and the sale of sheep and timber, and will be used approximately as follows : Annual estimate supplies $25,000 Purchase of sheep ; ^ 85,000 Irregular Indian labor 10, 000 Miscellaneous purposes 5, 000 Total 125, 000 The item of $85,000 is for the purchase of sheep for issue to individual Indians of this reservation in conformity with the plan inaugurated this year which has greatly stimulated the interest of the Indians in this industry, for which, perhaps, the reservation is best adapted. The item of $25,000 for annual estimate supplies will cover the regular annual estimate supplies furnished each year; that of $10,000 for irregular Indian labor, such labor as may be necessary from time to time during the year on the reservation fences, roads, and bridges ; and that of $5,000 for miscellaneous purposes, unforeseen emergencies which can not be definitely anticipated. Mescalero. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount authorized $75,000. 00 Amount expended 21, 349. 13 Unexpended balance 53. 650. .".7 Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, wages, etc 4, 837. 53 Transportation of supplies 675. 24 Telegraph and telephone service 7. 56 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 599. 20 Subsistence supplies 1, 926. 01 26630—21 33 514 INDIAN APPROl'KIATION BILL, 1922. Analysis of exix'nditures — Continued. Forage $2. 2r^-^. 12 Fuel, lubricant.s, power and light service 114. y."> Live stock 7. 590. (K) Equipment and miscellaneous material 3,343.82 21, 349. 43 Mescalero, $45,000. The estimated receipts in the fund "Indian moneys, proceeds of labor. Mescalero," for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1921, from grazing leases^ timber sales, and cattle sales, will be approximately $60,000. Of this amount a total of $4.0,000 is requested, to be expended approximatelj' as follows : Operating expenses of cattle herd $15. 50<) Timber expenses ' 3, 500 Operation of sawmill 2, 0(H) Annual estimate supplies 7,500 Improving Indian homes 10.000 Purchase fence material, farming implements, seeds, etc., for Indians 4, .500 Wagon transportation 2, 000 Total 45, 000 The cattle herd on this reservation numbers over 5.000 head, and the first sales of steers from tliis herd were made during the present year to the amount of approximately $30,000. The range conditions on the reservation aiv very good and the climatic conditions such that cattle and sheep do well. The winters are not severe and cattle graze during the entire year. The Indians are becoming interested in both cattle and sheep, and as soon as practicable stock will be issued to individuals and they will be required to look after i them themselves. ' The item for timber expenses is to cover the administration of a large sale | of timber recently made on this reservation. The sawmill will be operated ' in conjunction with the work of improving the Indian homes and in repairs and upkeep of l)uildings generally on the reservation. The item for annual estimate supplies covers rations for these Indians, a , large number of whom are unable to support themselves. I A campaign for improving the housing conditions of the Indians on this res- J ervation is imperative. For the most part, they are living in tents at present, under very insanitary conditions, and it is proposed to assist them in building houses whch will give them better home conditions. Of course, the amount asked for will not go very far toward housing five or six hundreil Indians, but its judicious u.se will encourage the Indians to add their own labor and thus bring about a very much improved condition. The item for fence material, farming implements, seeds, etc., will be used in fencing small tracts of land suitable for farming, tlien issuing or loaning to the Indians the implements and seeds necessary to bring it under cultivation. The amount of arable land on the reservation is limited, but at the present time much of the arable land is not cultivated. The wagon transi)ortation item is for the hauling of the various supplies for the agency and tlie Indians from the railroad to the reservation. Northern Pueblos. Fiscal year ended .Tune 30, 1920, amount authorize. ">" Unexpended balance 73. ^yO US INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 515 Analysis of expenditures : Slieep dip ended : * — 20, .595. 25 Unexpended balance 4, 404. 75 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 10,041.32 Traveling expenses 318. 66 Transportation of supplies : 52. 08 Subsistence supplies 443. 15 Forage 118.25 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 964. 78 Equipment and miscellaneous material 5,524.87 Seed 3. 113. 54 Miscellaneous IS. 60 20, 595. 25 Fort Berthold, $25,000. This auKJunt is derived principally from the rental of tribal land for grazing purix»ses, and will be used approximately as follows : Salaries $10,000 Annual est mate supplies 5,000 Irregular Indian labor 5, 00«1 Operation of tractors 2, 0(X) Transportation of supplies 1,000 Traveling expenses 500 Mi.scellaneous purposes 1. 500 Total 25,000 The items for salaries and annual estimate supplies will cover the salaries of regular emplovees and the purchase of the usual annual estimate supplies chargeable to this fund. The $5,000 for irregular Indian labor will be used for general purposes on the reservation, such as road construction and repair, the repair of telephone lines and fences, putting up hay, etc. The item of $2,000 for the operation of tractors is to cover the employment -of engineers for the operation of tractors in plowing land and thrashing grain for the Indians, and while engaged in road work. The item of $1,000 for the transportation of supplies is to cover the transportation of supplies from the 516 INDIAN APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. railroad station to the agency ; that of $500, the traveling expenses of the physician going ahout the reservation, and that of $1,500 for miscellaneous purposes, such unforeseen expenditures as may be necessary during the year but which can not be definitely anticipated. Standing Rock. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920: Amount authorized $118, 242. 00 Amount expended 56, 279. 03 Unexpended balance 01. 062. 97 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 15,095.05 Traveling expenses 644. 92 Transportation of supplies 7,536.33 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 178.85 Subsistence supplies 14, 933. 43 Dry goods, clothing, etc 276.84 Forage 5, 452. 95 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 6,355. 74 Medical supplies, etc 785.44 Live stock 1, 325. 00 Equipment and miscellaneous material 2,642.47 Seed 660. 47 Membership dues • 330. 00 Miscellaneous 52. 54 56. 270. 03 Standing Rock. $106,500. If authorized this amount will bo taken frour tribal funds of the Standing Rock Indians on deposit to their credit in the United States Trea.sury and de- rived from the sale of surplus land. It will be used approximately as follows: Salaries . $15, 000 Annual estimate supplies _ 40. (XK) Live stock for Indians 25. 0(X) Improved homes 10, IM.K) Roads and bridges 10,0(K> Irregular Indian labor 5. tXX) Miscellaneous purposes 1, 500 Total 106,500 The items for salaries and annual estimate supplies will cover the salaries of < regular employees and the usual annual estimate supplies chargeable to this fund. This i-eservation is well adapted to the live-stock industry, which, howt^ver, should be further developed among the Indians in order that they nray t;ike better advantage of their opportunities along this line. It is estimateil that an expi^nditure of approximately $25,000 will be necessary for this purpose iluring the year. The Indians of this reservation al.so need better homes, and in order tliiit a start may be made in this direction the item of $10,000 has been included I'or this purpose. Aboiit .$1(»,()()0 will be required for the reimir and upkeep of the reservation roads and bridges. The item of .$5,(MM» for irregidar Indian labor is for such labor as may be nwessary from time to tim«> during tlii" year tui the reservation fences and other purposes other than roads and bridges, and that for miscellaneous purposes for any emergency that niay arise wliieli can not be definitely anticipated. A'tOH'fl. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1020: Amount authorized.:. $31. JXK). 00 Amount expended 24, SH)2. 47 Unexi)ended balance 0,937. 53 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 517 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc $8, 417. 27 Traveling expenses 632. 42 Transportation of supplies 282. 82 Telegraph and telephone service 100. 42 Stationery, printing, school-room supplies 9H0. 75 Subsistence supplies 4, 426. 54 Dry goods, clothing, etc 280.83 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 1,769.08 Medical supplies 881. 41 Equipment and miscellaneous material 5, 980. 84 Repair of buildings 254. 11 Laundry work : 362. 39 Miscellaneous 577. 59 Total 24, 962. 47 Kiowa, $19,800. This amount will be used approximately as follows : Salaries $5, 000 Annual estimate, supplies 7, 500 Irregular Indian labor 2, 500 Operation and upkeep of automobiles ' 2,-500 Traveling expenses 1, 800 Miscellaneous purposes 500 Total 19,800 The items for salaries and annual estimate supplies will cover the salaries of regular employees and usual annual estimate supplies chargeable to this fund ; that of $2,500, for irregular Indian labor, such irregular labor as may be required during the year ; that of $2,500, for the operation and upkeep of automobiles used by employees in the discharge of their official duties; that of $1,800, for traveling expenses of such employees; and that of $500 for such emergency expenditures which may arise during the year but which can not be definitely anticipated. Paivnee (Otoe). Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920: Amount authorized None. Otoe, $700. This small sum will be used for general purposes during the year, such as the operation and upkeep of automobiles and such miscellaneous expenditures as may be necessary during the year but which can not be definitely anticipated. Patcnee. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount authorized $1> 500. 00 Amount expended 995. 12 Unexpended balance 504. 88 Analysis of expenditures : Traveling expenses 128. 44 Transportation of supplies 96. 88 Telegraph and telephone service 25. 30 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 27. 60 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service ^i?- §'^ Medical supplies, etc l'i'2. 50 Equipment and miscellaneous suppHes 331. 3o Seed 95. 00 Miscellaneous '^- "^^ 999. 12 518 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 19i2, Pawnee, $1,335. This small sum will be used for general purposes connected with the ad- ministration of the affairs of the Indians, but which can not he definitely antici- pated ; in other woi'ds. it will constitute a sort of i*eserve fund for unforeseen and emergency expenditures. Sac and Fox (Oklahoma). Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920 : Amount authorizetl $8,500.00 Amount expended 4, 13G. 42 Unexpended balance 4,363.58 J Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 3,266.28 Traveling expenses 73. 70 Telegraph and telephone service 34. 15 , Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 07.21 ; Medical supplies, etc 93.03 Equipment and miscellaneous material 477. 40 Miscellaneous 124. 05 4.136.42 Sac and Fox, $5 000. This amount will be used for general purposes connected with the adminis- tration of the alfairs of the Indians, but which can not be definitely antici- pated ; in other words, it will constitute a sort of reserve fund for unforeseen and emergency expenditures. Segei: Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920: Amount appropriated $100 i Amount expended IOC) Analysis of expenditures: Equipment and miscellaneous material 100 Seger, $176. This small sum will be used for emergency expenditures during the year wiiich can not be definitely anticipated. Seneca. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920: Amount authorized $500. OO' Amount expended 317. (X> Ss Ai Ti 0| Ell Tr In Op Iffi Unexpended balance 183. 00 Analysis of expenditures: Telephone and telephone service 70. SO Equipment and miscellaneous material 232. ,30 Miscellaneous 7. 90 317. tH> Seneca, $500. This small sum will be used for emergency expenditures during the year which can not be definitely anticipated. Klamath. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920: Amount authorized-- $125, 000. 00 Amount expended 81, 090. 90 Fisci Unexpended balance 43, 909. 04 Analysis of exp. ng Forage 1. n'tO. nr, Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 3, <)5S. 30 Medical supplies, etc 532. 27 Milhvork 9. OOO. 00 Equipment and miscellaneous material 12,792.77 Stream gauging 2, 277. 80 Medical service 2, 853. 50 Insecticide .592. 59 Miscellaneous 583.76 81, 090. 96 Klamath, $100,000. This money is derived from the sale of tribal timber on the reservation and will be used approximately as follows: Salaries .$2.5, 000 Annual estimate supplies 15, 000 Timber expenses 18, 000 Operation of sawmill 18,000 Roads, bridges, and ditches 17,000 Traveling expen.ses 1, .500 Irregular Indian labor 3, (MIO Operation and repair of automobiles 1,000 Miscellaneous purposes 1, 5(X) Total : KM). 000 The items for salaries and annual estimate supplies will cover the salaries of regular employees and the purchase of the usual annual estimate supplies chargeable to this fund. It is estimated that approximately $18,000 will be required to defray the ad- ministrative expenses connected with the extensive tiralier interests on the reservation, and a like sum for the operation of the Government sawmill. Better roads are badly needed on this reservation, and the Indians have re- quested that their tribal funds be used for this purpose; accordingly the item of $17,000 has been included in the estimates in order to provide funds for the maintenance and repair tif present roads and the construction of new ones. The item of $1,500 for traveling expenses will be necessary to defray the ex- penses of the superintendent and other employees while engaged in the discharge of their official duties. The item of $3,000 for Irregular Indian labor will 1)e used for such labor in the repair of the reservation fences and such other jmrposes besides road and bridge work as may be necessary. Based on the experience of previous years approximately $1,000 will be re- quired for the purcha.se of gasoline, oil, and tires and the repair of Government automobiles used by employees on this reservation. The item of $1,500 for miscellaneous purposes is for such unforeseen emer- gencies as may arise during the year which can not be definitely anticipated. Vmaiilla. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920: ' Amount authorized ?!■ •^'^- ^ Amoimt expended 1, .oOO. 00 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc ^-.i oo Transportation of supplies 452. 32 Fuel, hibrican^s. power, and Hght service 47.3. 89 Medical supplies, etc n'-o Miscellaneous !"• '^- 1, 500. 00 520 INDIAN APPROPRIATIOX BILL, 1922. I'matilla, $9,200. This agency is practically supported from tribal funds and the amount esti- mated for ($9,200) \yill be expended approximately as follows: Salaries and* wages $3,000 Annual estimate supplies 5,000 Miscellaneous purposes 1, 200 Total ___^ 9, 200 The items for salaries and annual estimate supplies will be required for the paymen; of salaries of rejiular employees and the purchase of annual estimate supplies chargeable to tliis fund and that of $1,200, for that of miscellaneous pur- poses, for such emergency expenditures which may arise during the year but which can not be definitely anticipated. Warm Springs. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920, amount authorized, none. Warm Springs, $2,554. Ir is estimated that this entire amount will be required for administrative expenses connected with the sale of timber from unallotted Indian land on this reservation. Cheyenne River. Fiscal year ended .Tune 30, 1920: Amount authorized 1 $159. 000. 00 Amount expended 79, 694. 99 Unexpended balance 79, 305. 01 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 13,8.53.53 Traveling expenses 2, 5>^0. 63 Transportation of supplies 4,002.54 Telegraph and telephone service 102. 72 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 00.03 Subsistence supplies 22, 64G. 32 Dry goods, clothing, etc 358. 78 Forage 2, 817. 34 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 3, 943. 23 Medical supplies, etc 709. 91 Live stock 20, 310. IX) Equipment and miscellaneous material 6, 8^37. 2G Miscellaneous 1, 352. 70 79, 094. 99 Cheyenne River, $125,000. This amount is derived from the rental of tribal land lor grazing purposes and will be used approximately as follows: Salaries $20,000 Annual estimate supplies 35,000 rurcluise of cattle 25, (K)0 Roads and bridges 20, (KX) Irregular Indian labor , 0, (XX) Transporlalion of supi)lies 5, (M>0 IMiri-liase (if seed • 5, (MK) Traveling expenses 3, 0(K) Operation of tractors 3,000 Miscellaneous jiurposes 3, tXX) Total 125. (KM) The items f(»r salaries and annual «'stininte supplies will cover the salaries of regular cniiiluyecs an*l the purclia.se of ilie usual annual estimate supplies cliargeabic Id (his fund. INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 521 This item is intended for the purchase of cattle for sale to individual Indians on the reimbursable plan. Several years ago a sinular purchase was made and the Indians have been very successful in handling the cattle; however, in order that they may take better advantage of their opportunity along this line, it will be necessary to issue additional cattle next year. This' reservation is best adaptetl to the live-stock industry, by means of which the Indians can eventually achieve entire self-supix)rt. This reservation is badly in need of improved road and bridge facilities, and it is estimated that approximately $20,000 will be reciuired for this purpose next year, about $3,000 of which will be used for the maintenance and repair of existing roads and $17,000 for the construction of new roads and bridges. This work also supplies the Indians with renmnerative labor, and to this extent contributes to their support. The item of $6,000 for irregular Indian labor is for such labor as may be necessary from time to time during the year on the reservation fences, tele- phone lines, etc., and in connection with the live-stock industry of the Indians. The item of $5,000 for transportation of supplies will be used to pay the cost of transportation of supplies from the railroad station to the agency. Owing to several successive crop failures, it will be necessary to furnish the Indians of this reservation with seed next year at an estimated cost of $5,000. The item of $3,000 for traveling expenses will cover such expenses of the superintendent and other employees while engaged in the discharge of their official duties; and that of the next item of this amount, the operation of trac- tors while plowing land and thrashing grain for the Indians. The item of $3,000 for miscellaneous purposes is for such emergencies as may arise but which can not be definitely anticipated. Croic Creek. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : Amount authorized $500. 00 Amount expended 500. 00 Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, wages, etc 250. 21 Transportation of supplies 222. 50 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 6. 08 Equipment and miscellaneous material 21.21 Total — -^ 500.00 Crow Creek, $525. This small sum will be used for such emergency expenditures as may be neces- sary from time to time during the year but which can not be definitely antici- pated. Lower Brule. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 : ^ Amount authorized ^i*- -)^- X); Amount expended 1, 8-b. lo Unexpended balance 3, 3<3. -4 Analysis of expenditures : ^ r) < __ Salaries, wages, etc }^ ^^ Transportation of supplies «n 01 Subsistence supplies J^^ Vt Forao'e _ Equipment and miscellaneous material ■'^'^^an an Miscellaneous ^^- ^ 1, 826. 76 Lower Brule. $10,000. . . , , , , . . One of the o-reatest needs of this reservation is improved road and bridge facilities The* greater portion of the amount e.stimated for will probably be used for this purpose, and for such emergency expenditures as may be neces- sary from time to time during the year, but which can not be definitely antici- pated. 522 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Rosebud. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920 : Amount authorized, none. Rosebud. $12,500. This amount will be held as a sort of reserve fund for ^uch emergency ex- penditures as may be necessary from time to time during the year, but which can not be definitely anticipated. Sisseton. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920: Amount authorized $10, 900. OO Amount expended 10, 052. 9G Unexpended balance S4T. 04 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 0,42.5.67 Traveling expenses 626. 68 Transportation of supplies 3.12.67 Telegraph and telephone service ">0. .3.'i Subsistence supplies 41. 90 Forage 29.00 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 738. 18 Medical supplies, etc ' OS. 44 Equipment and miscellaneous material 1. 026. 12 Miscellaneous 84. 07 Total 10. 0.">2. 06 Sis.seton, $10,000. This amount will be held as a sort of reserve fund for such emergency ex- penditures as may be necessary from time to time during the year but which can not be definitely anticipated. Goshute. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920, amount authorized, none. Goshute, $8,360. This amount is derived from the rental ot tribal land for grazing purix>ses and will be used approximately as follows : Salaries— $1,040 Annual estimate supplies 4, tXK) Irregular Indian labor 2.000 Miscellane4 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 158.00 K(iuiitniciit and miscellaneous material 160.59 Miscellaneous 23. 5ii Total 1. ^">9'- OG INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. 525 Qninaielt. $1,850. Of this amount. $620 will be used to pay one-half the salary of tlie chief clerk and the balance for such emergency purposes a.s may arise during tlie year but which can not be definitely anticipated. Yakima. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920: Amount authorized .^72. 000.00 Amount expended 25J .")78. 24 Unexpended balance 46, 421. 76 Analysis of expenditures : Salaries, wages, etc 17,293.44 Traveling expenses 649. 07 Transportation of supplies 336. 00 Telegraph and telephone service 105. 42 Stationery, printing, schoolroom supplies 100. 65 Subsistence supplies 391. 09 Forage 360.75 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 1, 826. 80 Medical supplies, etc 258. 83 Equipment and miscellaneous material 3, 676. 13 Rent of buildings 580.00 Total 25, 578. 24 Yakima, $25,000. This amount is derived from the rental of tribal land for grazing purposes, and will be used approximately as follows : Salaries $20,000 Annual estimate supplies 2,000 Operation and upkeep of automobiles 1, 000 Operating and repair of thrashing outfit 1, 000 Traveling expenses 700 Miscellaneous purposes 300 Total 25,000 The items for salaries and annual estimate supplies will cover the salaries of regular employees and the purchase of the usual annual estimate supplies chargeable to this fund. At least $1,500 will be required for the operation and upkeep of the automobiles maintained at this agency for the use of emplo3'ees while engaged in the discharge of their official duties. Based on the experience of previous years, approximately $1,000 will be necessary for the maintenance, operation, and repair of the Government thrashing outfit on this reservation. The item of $700 for traveling expenses is for such expenses of the superintendent and other employees engaged in the discharge of their official duties. The territory which they must cover is ex- tensive, and considerable traveling is necessary by all field employees. The item of $300 for miscellaneous purposes is for such emergen- cies as may arise from time to time during the year which can not be definitely anticipated. Lac du Flambeau. Fiscal year ended June 30, 1920 ; amount authorized, none. Lac du Flambeau, $15,000. This amount will be used approximately as follows : Annual estimate supplies ?5- ^J^ Timber expenses 2> ^^ 526 INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL, 1922. Irregular Indian labor $2,500 Miscellaneous purposes 4, 500 Total 15,000 The item for annual estimate supplies is for the regular annual estimate if supplies which it is necessary to purchase each year; that of $3,000 for timber ex[)enses for tlie expenses connected with the administration of the timber interests of the reservation. The item of $2,500 for irregular Indian labor is to cover such labor as may be necessary from time to time during the year on the reservation roads, bridges, and fences; and that of $4.5(X) for miscellaneous purixtses for any emergencies that may arise Imt which can not be definitely anticipateil. Keshoia ( Meuom inee ) . Fiscal year ending June 30, 1920: Amount authorized $390. 350. 00 Amount expended 28,359.56 , Unexpended balance 301,990. 44 Analvsis of expenditures: > Salaries, wages, etc - 20,080.93 ? Traveling expen.ses 32. 51 Transportation of supplies 3;W. 24 Telegraph and telephone service 44. 54 Subsistence supplies 1. 401.29 Drv goods, clothing, etc 17H. 44 Forage 733. 04 Fuel, lubricants, power and light service 2,434.50 INIedical supplies, etc 430. t>l Equipment and miscellaneous material 1,711.50 Seed 6(«. 20 Stream gauging 200. 23 ^Miscellaneous 41. 41 Total ^ 28, 359. 56 Keshena, $37,0(K). This amount will be used approximately as follows ; Salaries $20, (HXl Annual estimate supplies 10,000 Irregular Indian labor 5, (MK) Miscellaneous puri)oses 2, 000 Total 37,000 The items for salaries and annual estimate supplies will eover th»> salarii's of regular eiiijiloyees and the purchase of the usual annual estimate supidies chargeable to this finid. The item of $5,()(KI for irregular Indian labor is for sueh labur as may b»' necessary from time to time during the year on reservation roads, bridges, and fences, and for other similar lairjioses. The item of $2,0 I IXDIAX APPROPRIATION BILL, 1022. 527 Analysis of expenditures: Salaries, wages, etc $10,239.70 Traveling expenses 210.08 Ti-ausportation of supplies 3, 0.");i. lit Stationery, printing, schoolroom .supplies 32. 87 Subsistence supplies 1,047.24 Dry goods, clothing, etc 217. 17 Forage 41, 883. 93 Fuel, lubricants, jjower and light service 1, 10.1. 21 Medical .supplies, etc 412. HO Live stock 075. Ki'lief iUid fivilization of Chiitpewas 2S2 Roads and bridges, Red Lake Reservation 277 Schools, Chippewas of Mississippi 274 Mississippi : Full-blood Choctaw Indians, relief of _ .124 Montana : . , , Employment of line riders, Northern Cheyenne Reservation.. . ;MS Fort Belknap irrigation system .'{."W Fullilliiig treaties with Crows :?'«' lir Lai mil- - I'.hickleet Reservation j^-j^i Crow Reservation 3._>6 Flathead Reservation 350 Fort I'eck R«'serviitlon 352 Settlement of ciaiiiis, lands in Bitter Root Valley 3rKS Subsisleiice and civilization of Northern Cheyeiines and Arapah(H^s. :{41 Sii)iiiorl tiC — r,larkl'e«'t Ag«'ii<-y .* — •^'^' Flathead .\gency ;^;^'> F(»rt Belknap Agency -^'^l Fort Peck Agency •^•^^^ Rocky Boy Band :''"•> : INDEX. _ 531 N. Nebraska : Page. . Genoa School 359 Nevada: Cai-son City School ^ 363 Irrigafion — Moapa River gfjjij Pyramid Lake Reservation SfjH Reclamation charges. Truckee-Carson project 370 Support of Indians 362 New Mexico: Albuquerque School 375 Attorney for Pueblo Indians 381 Bridge across San Juan River at Farmington 391 Drainage of Pueblo Indian land 388 Hogback irrigation project 390 Irrigation. San .Juan Pueblo 389 Irrigation system. Laguna Pueblo 383 Repair of bridges. Southern Pueblos 391 Roads and bridges, Mescalero Re.servation 386 Santa Fe School 378 Schools for Pueblo Indians 392 Sinking wells, Pueblo land 384 Support, New ^Mexico Indians 373 New York : Fulfilling treaties with — Senecas : 3fj3. Six Nations 394 North Carolina : Indian .school at Cherokee 394 North Dakota : Bismarck School 401 Fort Totten School 402 Support of — Fort Berthold Agency 399 Sioux Falls, Devils Lake 398 Turtle Mountain Band Chippewas 400 Wahpeton School 405 O. Oklahoma : Chilocco Indian School 414 Employees' cottage.s, Osage Tribe 426 Expenses, oil and gas production, Osage Reservation 423 Expenses. Osage Tribal Council 425 Fireproof building for Osage Agency 424 Five Civilized Tribes 420 Cherokee Orphan Training School 4:^0 Common-school support 433 Expenses of administration 42(> Expenses, sale of unallotted lands 4.'>4 Fulfilling Choctaw treaty -^■"5"> Per capita payment, Choctaws and Chickasaws 42S Salaries of attorneys -I'-B Fulfilling Pawnee treaties 417 Maintenance. Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache homesteads 409 Support and education. Osage Tribe 420 Support of — Cheyennes and Arapahoes 410 Kansas Indians in Oklahoma 411 Kickapoo Indians in Oklahoma 412 Kiowas, Comanches, and Apaches 408 Osage Agency '^■''~ Ponca Indians ^3- Quapaws '^)z Wichitas ■*^' 532 _ ixpEx. Oregon : Png.?. Maintenaiife Mndoc Point irrigation 44S Salem Scliool 4«<» Support of — Grande liomle and Siletz Agencies —l 44;i Klamath Agency 43(; Umatilla Agency 43.S Warm Springs Agency 437 Pay of Indian police : i ■ 12."! Pay of judges of Indian courts 131 R. Reed, W. M., statement of 1S!» Relieving distress, etc ni S. Schools, closing of T". T!0 South Dakota : Canton Insane Asylum 4r)S Flandreau School 4-l."> Pierre School 447 Rapid City School 4."i0 Subsistence of Yankton Sioux 457 • - Support, day and industrial schools (Sioux) 455 Support of Sioux of different tribes 452 Support of Indian schools 73 Suppressing contagious diseases among live stock of Indians 151 Suppressing liquor traffic . 43 Cases, liquor seized, etc.. statement of 46 Surveying and allotting reservations 5 T. Telegraphing and telephoning 122 Transportation Indian supplies, expenses of 110 U. Utah : Conveyance of bridges 4G5 For aid of i)ublic schools 4(>4 Irrigation, Confederate Bands of Utes 4(>3 Support nf — and civilization of Confederated Bands of Utes 459 Indians in Utah 400 various tribes of Utes ^'>^ V. Vehicles for Indian Service l;'*' Venai)le, A\'iiiiani ^\'., statement of 32S W. Washington : Irrigation — Alilanuni system. Yakima Reservation - IJ" Sains project, Yalviiiia Ueservalion lis Topiieuish-Simcoe system. Yiikima Ueservation 470 Yakima Iteservation 472 Koad, (i\ii-iiai-iell l{esi>i-vation 4~7 Siii»port of — nWiimisli and allied tribes -, 4r.(» Indiiins, ("(.ivjlle iinil oilier agwjcles : ^,— -IJO Indians, Yakima Agency .,-— — 470 IVlakalis — 4