34-2.9 
 
 Ducarell 
 A tour through Normandy
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES 
 
 FREDERIC THOMAS BLANCHARD 
 ENDOWMENT FUND
 
 "& 
 
 T O U R 
 
 THROUGH 
 
 NORMANDY, 
 
 DESCRIBED 
 
 In a LETTER to a FRIEND. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 Printed for JOHN WOOD YE R, at Gofer's Head, the Corner of 
 
 Serjeants Inn, Fleetftreet. 
 
 MDCCLIV. 
 
 (Entered in the Hall Book.)
 
 TOUR 
 
 THROUGH 
 
 NORMANDY. 
 
 S I R, 
 
 IN purfuance of my promife I fend you fome*t>bferva- 
 tions, made in travelling lafl fummer with a friend 
 through NoRMANtw; which having formerly been fo 
 nearly allied to this kingdom, particularly deferves the 
 attention of an Englifh antiquary. 
 
 The road from LONDON to ABBEVILLE is well known, for 
 which reafon I fhall begin with informing you, that on the 
 i6th July, 1752, we quitted the direct road from CALAIS to 
 PARIS at ABBEVILLE, and paffing through FRESSENVILLE, 
 arrived that evening at Eu, the firft town in NORMANDY. 
 
 On the 1 7th we faw the beautiful church of Eu, dedicated to 
 St. Laurence (a). It is a very neat plain Gothic building in the 
 
 B fhape 
 
 (a) This St. Laurence is faid to have been an archbifhop of Dublin, who died 
 here 14 Nov. 1 181, and was canonized by a bull, dated the i ith Dec. 1218. 
 
 858558
 
 2 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 
 {hape of a crofs, having in the middle a fine fleeple, light, and re- 
 markably high . On each fide of the high altar we faw four fine 
 white marble monuments of the old earls of Eu, lying at length 
 and well finimed j on one of them is a date, 1497 > a ^ an 
 infcription for Ann de Cleves, married to a duke of Guife, who 
 had formerly a large eftate at this place. Under the high altar is 
 a fubterraneous chapel containing fome marble monuments, of 
 which we had a fight thro' iron grates contrived for that pur- 
 pofe. Several other monuments of the fame family are alfo to be 
 ieen in fome of the adjoining chapels ; in one was a dead Chrift 
 furrounded by five figures, two of which are the virgin Mary, 
 and Mary Magdalen, of a compofition which refembles plaifter 
 of Paris and are extremely well finimed. In the Jefuit's church, 
 near the high altar, are two elegant marble monuments j one of 
 the duke of Guife, the other of his brother the cardinal, adorned 
 with fine baffo relievos and their arms, but no infcriptions j coats 
 of arms being placed to fupply that defect. The caftle of the 
 prince de Dombes, who hath here a very confiderable eftate 
 Hands near the church of St. Laurence. It is an old building, 
 intended originally to form a quadrangle of which two fides only 
 have been built. They contain large and lofty apartments,, 
 and old family portraits of the dukes and duchefles of Guife, 
 and of fome old Bourbons, counts of Montpenfier ; many of 
 which are but very indifferent. This great caftle is much neg- 
 lected, being ftript of its furniture, and as the prefent owner 
 does not refide in it, is much out of repair and makes but an 
 indifferent figure. Belonging to it are fine fhady walks, and 
 at the end of them an old fummer-houfe upon a rifing ground,, 
 which commands a charming profpect of the country and the 
 fea. The view of this town, which ftands at the bottom of 
 a very fteep hill, is extremely delightful, as you fee at once 
 
 the
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 3 
 
 the town, the caflle, and an unbounded profped of the 
 Tea. 
 
 July the 1 7th , we left Eu, and near a place called BRA- 
 QJJEMONT, about a league from DIEPPE, we went through 
 a very large old fortification, called Casfar's camp, mod pro- 
 bably Roman and almoft intire ; it is on one fide open to 
 the fea, and in it's other parts is very irregular ; but the fliape cf 
 it in general may be properly enough called the fegment of a 
 circle (b). 
 
 At the entrance of DIEPPE is a pretty good fquare, the 
 houfes of which are of brick, but our flay here being very 
 fhort, lean give no farther account of this place. This even- 
 ing we lay at TOSTES, a fmall village at a very bad inn, and 
 on faturday the i8th, at ten in the morning, arrived at the city 
 of ROUEN, the capital of upper NORM ANDY. 
 
 Here we faw the ftately church of St. Ouen, a royal bene- 
 dictine abby ; not very old, being begun only in 13 1 8, built in 
 the fhape of a crofs. The pillars are extremely delicate, the 
 church is lofty, and the proportions are well obferved. It is 
 very light, and adorned with fine painted glafs, and the win- 
 dows near the high altar have a pretty mixture of blue, red, 
 and purple, which has a fine effect : the choir is circular and 
 very beautiful ; the fpaces between the arcades which divide it 
 from the fide ifles are filled up with elegant open iron work 
 called Grilles defer of moft exquifite workmanfhip, be- 
 hind the choir is the chapel of the virgin Mary, and five o- 
 thers on each fide $ in one of the chapels we faw a clock, with 
 
 B 2 the 
 
 (b) See Memoires de Literature, tirez ties Regijlres de F Academie Royale des Infcrip- 
 tions et Belles Lettres. Tom. 10. 410. Paris 1736, page 403, where you will find an 
 exaft draught of this camp, and alfo, Differ tations fur quelques Camps connus entrance, 
 fous le Norn de Camps de Ctefar. premiere partie fur le Camp qui eft pres de Dieppe appelle 
 aujfi la Cite de Lime par Mr. I? Abbe Fontenu, read 27 April, 1731.
 
 4 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 
 the figure of St. Michael and the devil, whom the former ftrikes 
 every hour. The great tower in the centre is very high and 
 neat, finimed in the fhape of a crown, and much adorns this 
 church and city (c). In fhort this church within and without, 
 is the moft compleat and elegant Gothic building I ever 
 faw, and is moreover kept remarkably clean. We went next 
 into the abby where we faw a handfome refectory, the chap- 
 ter- houfe and a large cloifter, in which I obferved fome old 
 tfone defks ftuck to the pillars feemingly defigned to put books 
 upon, but no image of any faint or crucifix. 
 
 The cathedral of ROUEN dedicated to the virgin Mary is a 
 fine Gothic building ; at the weft end are two towers of a dif- 
 ferent form : one of which, built when cardinal George 
 d'Amboife was archbifhop, began in 1485, and finimed in 
 1507, is called la tour de beure^ being thus named as I was in- 
 formed, becaufepope Innocent the eighth permitted the ufe of 
 butter in lent, to all thofe, who would contribute towards the 
 building of it (d). In the middle is a very high fteeple which 
 greatly adorns it. The dimenfions of this church according 
 to the print of it, which I bought there are thefe. Length 
 of the church 410 feet. Height of the pyramid or tower 
 in the middle 395 feet. Height of the towers at the 
 
 weft 
 
 (c ) The whole length of the church of St. Ouen, meafuring from the chapel of the 
 virgin Mary at the eaft end to the weft door, is 416 feet 8 inches French. The 
 length of the nave from the door of the choir to the faid weft door 234 feet. The 
 length of the choir 1 08 feet. The length of our lady's chapel is 66 feet. The 
 diftance between the choir and the faid chapel is 8 feet 8 inches. 
 
 The breadth of the nave including the fide ifles is 78 feet. The breadth of each 
 fide ifle 22 feet. The breadth of the nave, exclufive of the fide ifles, 34 feet. 
 
 The height from the pavement to the roof is i oo feet. The length of the crofs 
 ifle from the great north door to the fouth 1 30 feet; and the breadth 34 feet. This 
 church and convent is engraven in feven fine prints at the expenee of the monks of 
 this abby. 
 
 (d) In this tower is a large bell called George D'Amboife, weighing, as we were 
 told, 3 6000 weight, but we did not fee it.
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 5 
 
 weft end 236 feet. Width of the portal at the weft includ- 
 ing the two towers 170 feet. Adjoining to the weft end is a 
 fquare piece of ground enclofed with a ftone wall, called to this 
 day the Parvis or Aitre. The principal entrances into this 
 cathedral are five, viz. three at the weft, one at the north, 
 and one at the fouth. Over the three weft doors are fine hi- 
 ftorical baflb Relievos in ftone, and you defcend by two fteps 
 into it every way. It confifts of a nave and two fide ifles, 
 which laft are rather too narrow for the height. The pillars 
 of the nave are pretty thick. The nave itfelf appears, as well 
 from tradition as from the building, to be the oldeft part of 
 the fabric, and from the difference of the ornaments in the 
 upper part of it, one may farther collect that it has been en- 
 larged at different times. It has alfo a crofs ifle, and 130 
 painted glafs windows, fome of which are extremely fine. 
 the choir is neatly fitted up. The archiepifcopal throne hand- 
 fome and placed on the fouth fide. The eaft end is circular 
 and furrounded with fine grilles of brafs curioufly wrought (e). 
 There is an afcent of three fteps up to the high altar, which 
 has a good effect. Over it there rifes a fine wooden pillar, 
 moft exquifitely wrought and gilt, reprefenting fome cheru- 
 bims, highly finimed. The whole pavement is of the fi- 
 neft marble, and was new laid about eighteen years ago, at 
 which time all the old monuments, which flood there, were 
 removed (f), and in their places are now the following in- 
 fcriptions in lozenges, viz* 
 
 On 
 
 (e) Thefe grilles, or brafs rails, befides their magnificent appearance, have this 
 farther good effeft, that they do not intercept the view ; fb that when we looked to- 
 wards the altar we faw behind it the virgin Mary's chapel, which is moft elegantly 
 adorned. 
 
 (f) I was feveral times in this cathedral, and made the ftrifteft inquiry I 
 could after the two ftatues of Henricus junior and king Richard the firft, which 
 
 were
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY, 
 
 On the right hand of the altar 
 
 COR 
 
 RICHARDI REGIS ANGLIC 
 
 NORMANNI/E DVCIS 
 
 COR LEONIS DICTI 
 
 OBIIT ANNO 
 
 MCXCIX. 
 
 On 
 
 were formerly on their monuments in this choir, where the two abovementioned 
 infcriptions are at prefent ; I ufed my utmoft diligence to get a fight of them ; 
 and for that purpofe fearched, though without fuccefs, into feveral difufed chapels, 
 where nothing was to be met with but very old monuments of former archbimops 
 with broken mitres. All I could learn was, that on the repairing this choir eighteen 
 years ago their monuments and ftatues were removed; which fince my return I 
 find are ingraven in the fecond volume of Monumens de la Monarchie Fran^oife, by 
 Montfaucon, page 114, plate 15. as for the duke of Bedford's infcription, 
 faid by Breval to be in the library belonging to this church, the librarian knew 
 nothing of it : but it is happily preferved and ingraven in Sandf ord's Genealogical 
 Hiftory of the Kings of England, page 306, ed. 1677.
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 
 On the left hand of the altar, 
 
 HIC JACET 
 
 HENRICVS JVNIOR 
 
 RICHARDI REGIS ANGLIC 
 
 COR LEONIS DICTI FRATER 
 
 OBIIT ANNO 
 
 MCLXXXIII. 
 
 In the choir behind the high altar is the following infcrip- 
 tion, in a lozenge. 
 
 AD 
 
 DEXTRVM ALTARIS LATVS 
 
 JACET 
 
 JOHANNES DVX BEDFORDI 
 
 NORMANNLdS PROREX 
 
 OBIIT ANNO 
 
 MCCCCXXXV. 
 
 In
 
 8 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 
 
 In the middle of the choir, where formerly flood the mo- 
 nument of Charles the fifth of France, is now the follow- 
 ing infcription on a flat black marble, viz. 
 
 D. o. M. 
 
 ET 
 
 JETERN^E MEMORISE 
 SAPIENTISSIMI PRINCIPIS 
 
 CAROLI V 
 
 GALLIARVM REGIS 
 
 NORMANNLE ANTEA DVCIS 
 
 QVI HANG ECCLESIAM 
 
 AMORE SINGVLARI COMPLEXVS 
 
 BENEFICIISQVE IMMENSIS PROSECVTVS 
 
 EANDEM AVGVSTISSIMI CORDIS SVI 
 
 RELIQVTT HEREDEM 
 VBI IN OMNIVM ANIMIS VIVE3.E 
 
 NVNQVAM DESINET 
 
 OBIIT ANNO SALVTIS HVMAN^E 
 
 MCCCLXXX. 
 
 The monument of Charles the fifth of France, which flood 
 formerly in the middle of the choir was removed from thence, 
 when that was repaired, to the fouth fide of St. Mary's chapel 
 (g) behind the high alcar : the tomb is of black marble, but the 
 flame is of white, which reprefents him lying at full length in his 
 royal robes with his heart in his hand. In the fame chapel, on 
 the fouth fide, near the altar is a monument, which may be truly 
 called (as it is there) a maufoleum of the two cardinals d'Am- 
 boife, uncle and nephew, archbifhops of ROUEN. Both their 
 ftatues are of white marble in a kneeling poflure, and the whole 
 is adorned wkh a great number of figures in niches of exquifite 
 workmanmip. In the fame chapel are feveral epitaphs which 
 
 I 
 
 (g) There are feveral other chapels in this cathedral on each fide of that of the 
 virgin Mary, but 1 cannot exactly afcertain the number.
 
 A T O U R through NORMANDV. 9 
 
 I omit, as not relating to the hiftory of England. On the other 
 fide are four monuments, amongft which there is a fine one of 
 Mr. de BREZE V a nobleman of Normandy. In the middle of 
 the crofs ifle of the church {lands the Font which is of black 
 marble, and looks like one of our old altar monuments, being 
 an oblong fquare pointing eaft and weft. We faw the library 
 belonging to this cathedral, which is a darkiih room, con- 
 taining a good many printed books, and fome indifferent pic- 
 tures of its benefactors ; the librarian was a young ecclefiaflic, 
 who feemed unacquainted with his bufinefs (h). 
 
 At the houfeof Mr. For textile, frocureur general 'at ROUEN, 
 in a large handfome court, we faw the fine Baflb relievos, which 
 reprefent the magnificent interview of HENRY the eighth of 
 England and FRANCIS the firft of France, between GUISNES 
 and ARDRES in PICARDY, on the yth of June, 1520. They 
 are of marble in five compartments, under fo many windows on 
 the left hand of the court ; they have fuffered in fome places, 
 being a little broken here and there, but are not much fpoiled (i). 
 I muft likewife obferve, that over each of thefe five windows, 
 there are five other Baflb relievos of the fame fize ; three of which 
 are almoft totally defaced, but the remains of the two others 
 
 C appeared 
 
 (b) The chapter of this cathedral confifts of 50 canons, befides prebendaries, to 
 whom fome lands in England did formerly belong ; viz. the manor of Clere in Sur- 
 ry, the manor of Oteri in Devonlhire, the manor of Kilburn in Yorkfhire ; & ca- 
 pellaria de Tikebull, data a domino rege Johanne, quando fait comes, ad quatuor pree- 
 bendai, ad faciendum anni<verfaria patris fid et fratrum, qute valet c. marc, unde Ix. 
 marc/e ajjignat/e funt ad quatuor prtsbendas, et xl marcte ajfignatee ad obit urn regis H. 
 & R. fcf Job. regis faciendum. See Dugdale's Monajiicon, vol. 2. p. 1017, where 
 you will alfo find the names of many churches in England, given to thefe canons 
 in carta regis Jobannis de capellarid de Blyd cui ttiverfie ecdejiee parocbiales fpeclant. 
 ibid. p. 1017. 
 
 (i) Father Montfaucon has very truly ingraven thefe baflb relievos in his 4th 
 vol. of Monument de la Monarchic Franfoi/e, page 204. He intitules them, Entrevue dt 
 Fraftfois I. Ret de Trance fcf Henri 8. Rot d'Angleterre, au camp du Drap d"Or.
 
 io A T O U R through NORMANDY. 
 appeared to me to reprefent fomepart of the famehiftory, tho* 
 I was .not able particularly to difcover the fubjeft. After I had 
 examined thefe relievos, I was agreeably furprized to find the 
 heads of HENRY the eighth and FRANCIS the firft well pre- 
 ferved and placed in two niches on each fide of a very pretty 
 Gothic gateway, by which you enter this court. When or by 
 whom this houfe was built I could not learn ; but heartily wifh 
 the whole was thoroughly examined by fome learned antiquary, 
 who underftands drawing ; a moft neceffary and defirable qua- 
 lification in thofe who travel. The Quay is extremely large and 
 beautiful, the mips come quite clofe to it to load and unload. 
 There were a good many Dutch and Englifh veflels, but none 
 I believe of more than 300 tuns. At the weft end of the Quay 
 we faw an old building called le Vieux Palais faid to be built by 
 king HENRY the 5th of England, (k) flanked with five round 
 towers ; having a drawbridge, and over the gate the arms of 
 France. 
 
 This city has feveral good butcher's markets, and a greater 
 plenty of meat in them than I faw any where elfe. Here are 
 alfo feveral fruit and herb markets, and fountains in different 
 parts of it. In the Marche aitx Veaux is one built in a triangu- 
 lar form ; over which is a defaced ftatue, faid to be of Joan of 
 Arc, who was burnt for a witch in that place on the i oth of May 
 143 1. Here is another building, alfo called le Palais, for the 
 adminiftration of juftice; it is a fquare Gothic ftone building, 
 containing one great quadrangle furrounded with bookfeller's 
 mops. On one fide of it a flone flair cafe leads to a large 
 
 and 
 
 nofcU fctng tfje ratfjer to relieve tfjitf oppreffto citte, (tofjicf) fjao fuf* 
 fo muclj During ty$ &e|ie0ing it) o^DeineD tlje fame to fte tfje cf)iefe cfjam* 
 tar of alt $o?mantie, an& o^eimrt $i$ erdjegua;, Jj# treafude, anb fy$ cow* 
 foee fcept in tlje fame, fje alfo e^i|icD a |tron0 totoec beljinb tfje caftle. 
 
 Stow's annales of England, Lond. 1592, p. 575, ad anno 1419.
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY. n 
 and lofty room without pillars, which within and without 
 greatly refembles (though in miniature) Weftminfter-hall. 
 Here we faw feveral lawyers in their gowns and bands, walk- 
 ing up and down with papers, and fome mew of bufinefs. 
 Near it was a leffer room, a court of juftice, with wooden 
 benches and nothing elfe worth notice. We were told there 
 were good pictures in fome of the adjacent rooms, but could 
 not fee them. The ftreets of ROUEN are narrow, but it is a 
 very large and populous city walled round, having many good 
 houfes and a face of plenty in it, which I faw no where elfe. 
 The inhabitants talk much of their bridge, which is only a 
 wooden ftructure built upon 19 barges, and fo contrived, that 
 one part of it rolls upon pullies over the other when they want 
 to let hips pafs through ; it has alfo, as I am informed, this 
 further convenience, that it can be taken to pieces in a few 
 hours when they are apprehenfive of danger from winter floods 
 bringing down large flakes of ice. Juft below it are the ruins of 
 a very fine ftone bridge, (1) built by the emprefs MAUD, daugh- 
 ter of HENRY the ift King of England, much better lituated, 
 asanfwering to the principal flreet called to this day Rue grand 
 Pont : the inhabitants fay, that this fine bridge could never be 
 repaired, and that they were under an abfolute neceffity of 
 building the other, but it very plainly appeared to us, that want 
 of money rather than any impoffibility, was the true reafon 
 of building their wooden bridge in the manner in which it ap- 
 pears. There are 56 religious houfes and 36 parifh churches 
 in this city and fuburbs as we were informed ; we went into 
 feveral of them which were handfomely fitted up and adorned 
 with fine painted glafs windows. There is alfo a very pretty 
 play-houfe where we were well entertained. 
 
 C 2 We 
 
 (/) A print of which is ingraved in Montfaucon, Monument de la Monarchic Fran- 
 fcife, vol. 5. page 1 2.
 
 12 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 
 
 We left ROUEN July 19, O. S. and croffed the SEINE at 
 PONT DE L'ARCHE, a fmall fortified place over a very good 
 old bridge of 16 arches, and lay that night at VAUDREVIL. 
 July 20, in our way toMuiDs, turning out of the high PAR is 
 road, we pafled by the church of St. Stephen de VAUVREY, 
 the fteeple whereof is in ruins, and much more ancient than the 
 church, being as I was informed, looked upon as the oldeft ftee- 
 ple hereabouts. There I faw fome (m) round arched windows, 
 all that I had feen before being pointed arches, and upon my ex- 
 amining this fteeple again on my return, I found the weft door 
 to have around archalfo. From VAUVREY, crofling the SEINE 
 by a ferry at HARQJJEVILLE we came to MUIDS, where we 
 were entertained by Mr. ****** with the utmoft civility. 
 His Chateau is very pleafantly fituated upon a riling ground, 
 on the north fide of the river SEINE, and commands a fine 
 profpecl, having two long avenues of trees running down to the 
 river- adjoining to the houfe, which is conveniently and elegantly 
 built, are, good offices, pleafant gardens, and a little paddock 
 planted with trees in form of an Etoille. The country about it 
 is very pleafant, affording many very delightful views to which 
 the SEINE greatly contributes j it is chiefly a corn and hay 
 country, there being but few vines to be feen thereabouts, but in 
 lieu of them feveral fair orchards. July 23 , we went from thence 
 to fee a famous Chartreufe in that neighbourhood. It is a mag- 
 nificent (lone building. Over the gate is written, Chartreufe 
 Bourbon kz Gallon, We were introduced to the prior, a 
 learned and genteel man, who behaved with the utmoft po- 
 litenefs. He received us in his cell confirming of one large room, 
 and two fmall ones ; the furniture was plain there was a cru- 
 cifix 
 
 (0 The reafon for mentioning thefe round and pointed arches, fo frequently, will 
 appear hereafter.
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 13 
 cifix near the door, to which he kneeled down for a few mi- 
 nutes foon after our entrance ; there were likewife fome pic- 
 tures of the founder, the Virgin Mary and fome faints, and 
 under them large prints of the battles of Alexander. Near it 
 was the library belonging to this houfe, next to a garden ; a 
 noble gallery well furniflied with printed books, and fome few 
 well preferved manufcripts, particularly a Corpus Juris Canonic^ 
 which had very fine illuminated letters. The oldeft printed 
 books we faw there, were two editions of Augujlinus de Ci- 
 vitate Dei, of which one in qyarto was printed at Venice 
 in 1475. The other in folio printed there likewife in 1478. 
 He alfo {hewed us a gold coin of cardinal de Bourbon 
 founder of this Chartreufe, who was proclaimed king of 
 France by the name of Charles the loth. 
 
 Reprefenting, on the one fide, his Head, with this infcription. 
 CAROLUS X. D,G. FRANC. REX 1590. 
 
 And on the Reverfe, the arms of France, thus circumfcribed. 
 SIT NOMEN DOMINI BENEDICTUM. 
 
 We alfo faw a copper coin with the fame infcription, but the 
 date 1593 j which being three years after his death he could 
 not well tell how to reconcile, unlefs it was ftruck by fome of 
 his party after his deceafe r but he (hewed us a paper in a box. 
 with the coins, in which it was written, that the gold coin, 
 was given by the cardinal himfelf to this convent, together 
 with his gold crofs, and fome other plate, which we after- 
 wards faw, and that the other coin was given in the year 
 1593. From his cell he conducted us to a large cloifter round 
 which are 32 cells. On one fide of the wall, was painted a 
 
 map
 
 14 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 
 map of Europe reprefenting all the towns where any chartreu- 
 fes exift j at a corner of it is a fmall part of England, with five 
 towns which had chartreufes, being all he faid that formerly 
 were in our ifland (n). From thence we went into the 
 church, where we faw, in the firft chapel, the treafury, con- 
 taining a paftoral ftafT, and a very curious fhrine of filver gilt 
 in the fhape of a church ; many crofles, candlefticks, &c. 
 The body of the church, which is a brick building, is large 
 and handfome, the roof is likewife an arch of brickwork. In 
 an adjoining chapel on the fouth lide of the high altar we faw 
 a large monument of the family of BOURBONS SOISSONS. It 
 is of black marble reprefenting two perfons lying at full length, 
 a man and a woman in white marble, as are all the figures 
 round it, which reprefent feveral of their fons and daughters 
 who died before them j and near it in a frame, was a long 
 lift of names of eighteen of the BOURBONS, who have been 
 buried here, the laft of whom was the late prince EUGENE'S 
 father. At each corner of the monument are four figures re- 
 prefenting the four cardinal virtues, two of which are admi- 
 rably well executed. This monument is feen to a great dif- 
 advantage as it now ftands fo high above the pavement. It 
 was formerly placed in the middle of the choir, where it could 
 from the flails be feen to advantage ; but the two figures I 
 mentioned to be fo well done, difturbing the devotion of the 
 monks, the monument was removed from over the family 
 vault into the adjacent chapel upon that fole account, as I was 
 informed. In another chapel is a fine dead CHRIST in ftone 
 
 with 
 
 () There were only nine monafteries of Carthufians in England, viz. one at 
 London, one at Witham Somerfetfhire, one at Henton in Wilts, one at Beauvale 
 in Notcinghamlhire, one at St. Ann's near Coventry, one at Kingfton upon Hull in 
 Yorkfhire, one at Mount Grace in Yorkfhire, one at Eppeworth in Lincolnihire, 
 and one at Shene in Surry. Monaft. vol. i . page 959.
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 15 
 with the virgin MARY and five other figures well performed. 
 The reft of the chapels are adorned with good painted glafs 
 and indifferent pictures. There is a fine filver lamp continu- 
 ally burning in the church, and fome very high filver gilt can- 
 dlefticks adorn the altar. Having taken ou r leaves of this prior, 
 we went to GAILLON, about a mile from thence, where we 
 faw the fine palace belonging to the archbimop-of ROUEN (0). 
 It is fituated upon a very high hill, and commands a moft de- 
 lightful profpeft for many miles. You have not only a view 
 of the country, but a very fine one of the river SEINE upon 
 your left hand, from a beautiful terras of no fmall length. At 
 the entrance of this palace is an old gate, and near it a prifon, 
 Over the gate was a long infcription, which I did not think 
 worth copying. The cattle confifts of two courts, the firfi, 
 which is theoldeft, is adorned with marble buftos of the twelve 
 C^SARS, of LEWIS the twelfth king of FRANCE, and alfo 
 of the two cardinals D'AMBOISE, uncle and nephew ; thefirfl 
 ofthefe GEORGE D'AMBOISE laid out much money in re- 
 pairing and improving the palace (p). A fine Colonade of mar- 
 ble pillars fluted and ornamented withjleur deLys takes up one 
 whole fide, over it is a long BafTo relievo in marble, done in 
 ITALY. It reprefents a triumph, and alludes to fome part of 
 the life of cardinal GEORGE D'AMBOISE, with which I am 
 unacquainted. 
 
 In 
 
 (0} The archbifhop of Rouen is primate of Normandy, earl of Dieppe and Lou- 
 viers, and lord of Gaillon, Frefne and Deville ; having in thofe places Haute Juflice, 
 i. e. a power to judge and determine all civil and criminal caufes (except high trea- 
 fon) happening within the liberties or precincls of thofe places. 
 
 (p) A fine print and medal of cardinal George d'Amboife are ingraven in Mont- 
 faucon Monumens de la Monarckie Fran$oife } vol. 4. page 142.
 
 1 6 A T O U R through NORMANDY. 
 
 In the middle of this court, is a large marble fountain, an 
 Hexagon made in ITALY, with a fine St, GEORGE upon it, 
 where I copied the following infcription, which is fupported 
 by two angels. 
 
 QVISQVIS PERPETVI FONTIS MIRATVR HONORES 
 ROTHOMAGI MVNVS PR^ESVLIS ESSE SCIAT 
 
 LEGATI NOSTRO DVM JVRE GEORGIVS ORBI 
 
 PR^ESIDET AMBASLdE PVRPVRA PRIMA DOMVS 
 
 HESPERLE ET GALLIS POST OCIA PARTA PERENNES 
 EXTERNO CINGI MARMORE JVSSIT AQVAS. 
 
 An handfome marble flair cafe leads from this court to the 
 chapel, dedicated to St. George ; over the high altar is a fine 
 marble figure of the faint, who is well reprefented, but I 
 thought his dragon but indifferently performed. The altar is 
 of one piece of white Italian marble finely veined, eight foot 
 by five. The windows are decorated with good painted glafs. 
 There are a few ftalls made of oak neatly fitted up, and a fmall 
 organ. The tribune or clofet of the archbifhop is on the 
 north fide, and has a fire place in it. This chapel is a Gothic 
 ftone building, and has on the outfide a greater quantity of 
 ornaments than I ever yet faw, fo judicioufly difpofed, that 
 they do not feem crouded. The fecond court is a modern 
 building, containing on one fide a gallery upon piazzas, and 
 on the other a large collection of orange trees, in tubbs, ranged 
 in the form of an amphitheatre. In this palace there is a long 
 fuite of apartments unfurnimed and very dirty j the great gal- 
 lary contains the piftures of the archbifhops of ROUEN for 
 many years ; adjoining to it is a park of many acres with plea- 
 fant walks, but no deer, the word park in France, not necef- 
 farily implying an inclofure for deer as it does in England. We 
 dined at GAILLON, and upon furveying the weft end of the 
 
 parifh
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 17 
 parim church, which is very old, I obferved that the thre* 
 weft windows and the weft door had round arches, and the 
 reft of the windows pointed ones ; but we could not get into the 
 church. We returned to MUIDS that evening, and ftaid there 
 till the a/th. We then went back to ROUEN, and from thence 
 through MOLINEAUX to BOURGACHARD a country village, 
 the church whereof gave me very great pleafure ; the entrance 
 into it is by a defcent of three fteps ; all the windows at the weft 
 end are fmall and narrow, having round arches, as has alfo the 
 weft door, which is moreover adorned with mouldings of this 
 (q) form \VV/\/\/\/\ a ft ron g proof of its antiquity ; 
 a north door now flopped up has alfo a round arch. The 
 church is built in the form of a crofs, but the tranfept, and the 
 eaft part have very vifibly been added to the weft end, being 
 much newer buildings, and the windows thereof higher and 
 wider than the windows of the weftern part, with pointed arches. 
 There are alfo fome narrow round arched windows in the fteeple, 
 which ftands in the middle of the church, but has been raifed, 
 I fuppofe, in proportion to the eaft end, the upper part ap- 
 pearing newer than that next to the roof of the church. 
 
 From BOURGACHARD we went through ROUGEMON- 
 TIER to a fmall town called PONT AUDEMER where we lay j 
 in the middle of the ftreet is a pretty market-place tiled over, 
 refembling very much our Englim market-houfes in country 
 towns. We obferved here at the weft end of the principal 
 church three windows over the portal j the middle one wider 
 than either of the two fide ones, with a pointed arch, and the 
 
 D two 
 
 (q) This fort of mouldings in particular hath been fuppofed to be a fore criterion 
 of Saxon buildings ; but furely the Saxons never were in France, or taught the 
 French the art of building.
 
 1 8 A T O U R through NORMANDY. 
 two fide ones with round arches, which mixture I had not yet 
 feen $ we alfo took notice of fome fine ilatues of faints, which 
 adorned the abovementioned portal at the weft end, but could 
 not fee the infide of the church. 
 
 July 29. We left this place early in the morning, and being 
 obliged (upon account of fome waters that were out at PON T 
 PEvEQjJE) to leave the direcT: road to CAEN, we went thro* 
 CORMEILLE, where in its fmall church, I faw as we patted, 
 fome round arched windows, and a round arched weft door ; 
 from thence we went to LISIEUX, and pafling through St. 
 LAURENT DU MONT and Moux, we arrived this evening at 
 CAEN the capital of lower NORMANDY. 
 
 CAEN is a large handfome town, which I believe ilands up- 
 on as much ground as ROUEN, though it is not fo clofely 
 built. It has a fmall port to which mips frequently bring corn 
 from ENGLAND up the river ORNE; fome have arrived from 
 LONDON hither in four days as we were informed. The hou- 
 fes are all built with ftone >, the town is well inhabited, and we 
 faw many women making lace in the ftreets. At the entrance of 
 the town, is a handfome barrack for the garrifon $ lord Clare's 
 Irifli regiment lay there j the foldiers (who had fixpence a day 
 French) were drefled in red turned up with yellow cuffs, and 
 made a better appearance than any foldiers I faw elfewhere. 
 This town hath twenty-two religious houfes, and thirteen pa- 
 rim churches; that of St. Peter is the chief, which is large and 
 handfome, beautified with good painted glafs within, a very 
 lofty fteeple without, and flands in the centre of the town. 
 
 About the town are fine walks, and from the ramparts we 
 had a view of the old caftle (built by WILLIAM the conqueror 
 according to Mr. Huet in his Origines de la Ville de^ Caen, pag. 
 59. edit. 1702) which we were told was not worth feeing, 
 
 and
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 19 
 and only ufed for a mad-houfe j I have fince greatly blamed 
 myfelf for not carefully viewing it, as it appeared at the di- 
 ilance we faw it, both in ftile and manner of building fo much 
 to refemble ROCHESTER caftle, which is known to be the 
 work of a Norman, and to have been begun in the reign of 
 WILLIAM the firft. At the two extremities of the town are 
 the two great abbies of St. STEPHEN and the TRINITY, di- 
 flant a league from each other. 
 
 July 30. We vifited the large and magnificent Benedic- 
 tine abby of St. STEPHEN, richly indowed and founded by 
 WILLIAM duke of NORMANDY, afterwards king of ENGLAND. 
 The church is a plain ftone building, intirely free from 
 ornaments of any fort within or without. We entered 
 at the weft end by a defcent of three fteps. There are three 
 doors to this church, one to the nave, and one to each ifle, all 
 with round arches, having over each of them a window with a 
 round arch likewife. This church is built in the fhape of a crofs, 
 with a fteeple in the centre, and two fine fpires remarkably 
 high at the weft end, and confifts of a nave and two fide iiles : 
 the arches which feparate the nave from the two ifles are 
 round, and all the windows and doors throughout the church 
 have likewife round arches j the middle part of the tranfept 
 on the infide (where the fteeple is) very much refembles the 
 work of the crofs part of the abby church of St. ALBAN'S in 
 Hertford/hire (r) having the fame kind of little arched work 
 towards the top. The choir is circular and very neat, having 
 Grilles defer about that part of it which furrounds the high 
 altar, but they were not fo well finimed as thofe we had feen at 
 the church of St.OuEN at ROUEN. The arches on both fides of 
 
 D 2 the 
 
 (r) The church of St. Albans was built by Abbat Paul a Norman, nephew of 
 archbiihop Lahfranc who was elected abbat, 4 Cal. Jul, 1077.
 
 20 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 
 
 the choir are pointed, which is owing to the reparations made 
 to this church fince 1562. In that year the original and ftate- 
 ly monument of WILLIAM the conqueror, which flood in the 
 middle of the choir, was deflroyed ; when according to Sand- 
 ford, " Chaftillion taking the city of Caen, certain difTolute 
 " foldiers opened the tomb, and not finding the treafure they 
 * e expected, brake it to pieces, and threw forth the conqueror's 
 " bones with great derifion, fome whereof were afterwards 
 c< brought into England. But the monks, lately in the year 
 " 1642, in the place thereof, caufed a plain altar tomb to be 
 " built." See Sandford's Genealogical Hiftory, Edit. 1677, 
 page 7. where the faid tomb is ingraven (s). This fecond monu- 
 ment ftood there till the year 1742, when it was intirely re- 
 moved, and in lieu of it, there is at prefent only the follow- 
 ing Epitaph upon the ground on a flat black marble : 
 
 QVI REXIT RIGIDOS NORMANNOS ATQVE BRITANNOS 
 
 AVDACTER VICIT FORTITER OBTINVIT 
 ET CENOMANENSES VIRTVTE COERCVIT ENSES 
 
 IMPERIIQVE SVI LEGIBVS APPLICVIT 
 REX MAGNVS PARVA JACET HIC VILLELMVS IN VRNA 
 
 SVFFICIT H^EC MAGNO PARVA DOMVS DOMINO 
 TER SEPTEM GRADIBVS SE VOLVERAT ATQVE DVOBVS 
 
 VIRGINIS IN GREMIO PHOEBVS ET HIC OBIIT 
 
 ANNO MLXXXVII 
 
 REQVIESCEBAT IN SPE CORPVS BENEFICIENTISSIMI 
 FVNDATORIS QVVM A CALVINIANIS ANNO MDLXII 
 DISSIPATA SVNT EIVS OSSA VNVM EX EIS A VIRO NOBILI 
 QVI TVM ADERAT RESERVATVM ET A POSTERIS ILLIVS 
 ANNO MDCXLII RESTITVTVM IN MEDIO CHORO DEPOSITVM 
 FVERAT MOLE SEPVLCHRALI DESVPER EXTRVCTA HANC 
 CEREMONIARVM SOLEMNITATE MINVS ACCOMMODAM 
 AMOVERVNT MONACHI ANNO MDCCXLII REGIO 
 FVLTI DIPLOMATE ET OS QVOD VNVM SVPERERAT 
 REPOSVERVNT IN CRYPTA PROPE ALTARE 
 IN QVO IVGITER DE BENEDICTIONIBVS METET 
 QVI SEMINAVIT IN BENEDICTIONIBVS 
 FIAT FIAT. 
 
 (j) It is alfo ingraven in Tindal's Rapin in Folio, Vol. I. p. 1 80.
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 21 
 
 This is the only monument, or rather cenotaph, of WIL- 
 LIAM the conqueror. We faw no other epitaph in this church 
 (which is kept remarkably clean) nor any thing elfe worth 
 notice, except an handfome clock and fome very pretty chapels 
 round the choir. The convent is a fine flone building, confid- 
 ing of two large fquares ; we went into the new one, two fides 
 of which have lately been rebuilt, and a third is begun; 
 we there faw two very long and beautiful galleries, next to which 
 are the cells of the monks, which were not fhewn to us j 
 thefe cells and galleries are up one and two pair of flairs. 
 Under them is a very large Refectory fronting the garden, and 
 near it an handfome room well fitted up ; over the chimney we 
 faw the pretended picture of WILLIAM the conqueror, which is 
 very exactly ingraven in Montfaucon's Monumem de la Mo- 
 narchie Fran$oife, Vol. ift. Plate 55. but upon the flrictefl 
 examination I can think it to be no other than a picture of king 
 HENRY the eighth, or at leaft to have been done in his time. 
 In this room we were alfo fhewn the pictures of the prefent 
 king and queen of FRANCE, that of cardinal Fleuri late abbat 
 of this convent, and fome other modern pictures, but could 
 not learn that they had any ancient pictures whatever (t). The 
 fourth fide of this quadrangle is an old building with pointed 
 arched windows and doors now going to ruin, which will be 
 pulled down and rebuilt as foon as the third is finimed, to make 
 the quadrangle uniform. Near it we faw an old flone building 
 called une Grange with pointed arches ; on the floor of which, 
 we were told, were feveral ancient coats of arms ; but when we 
 
 afked 
 
 (/) Father Montfaucon in his Monumens de la Monarchic Fraapi/e, Vol. ift. plate 
 55. has preferved fome ancient paintings of William the conqueror, Matilda his 
 wife, and their two fons Robert and William Rufus, which were formerly in this 
 abby but have been deftroyed many years.
 
 22 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 
 
 afked to fee them, the anfwer was, that it was filled with corn, 
 and that they could not get the key. The other quadrangle is very 
 large, but not clofely built; in it I faw a very confiderable an- 
 cient ftone building which took up almoft the whole length of 
 it, with many windows ; one half of which had round, the 
 other pointed arches. The laft building we faw was the Abbat's 
 houfe, very large, with round arches, but nothing elfe re- 
 markable. All thefe old buildings are defigned to be pulled down 
 and rebuilt to make the convent more regular. The whole 
 is furrounded with large and extenfive gardens. By a moft 
 unaccountable forgetfulnefs we omitted feeing what they called 
 the conqueror's kitchin. From thence we went to the abby 
 of the TRINITY richly indowed and founded by MATILDA ' 
 the conqueror's wife, for Benedictine Nuns. 
 
 We firft went to the church, and defcending by three 
 fleps, came into an ante-chapel, where we faw nothing re- 
 markable, except the grate for the Nuns to look through; but 
 when we entered the church, we were greatly furprized 
 with its magnificence and beauty. It is paved with black and 
 white marble, the altar is of different beautiful marbles, and 
 raifed feven or eight fteps, it is moreover adorned with fix fine 
 marble pillars, red, veined with white, fupporting a large 
 magnificent gilt crown, on the top of which is a gilt crofs 5 
 the ceiling is finely painted in the fhape of a dome j over 
 the altar which is loaded with gilt plate, are three very 
 beautiful pictures. At the north weft corner is a pretty little 
 altar with a good picture alfo. This church confifts of one 
 large ifle only ; in the middle is a partition about twelve feet 
 high, which feparates it from another church which was 
 not mewn to us. The flails about it are plain, but very 
 neat, and in my opinion this church is more elegantly adorn- 
 ed
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 23 
 cd than any I faw in France. Every one of the arches of this 
 and the adjacent church are round. The building within and 
 without is plain, and free from any Gothic ornaments j the doors 
 and windows have alfo round arches. In the middle of the 
 choir ftands the monument of queen Matilda, built of black 
 marble three feet high and about fix feet long, in the ftiape of 
 a coffin, furrounded with a row of iron Ipikes of about three * 
 inches in length, which are fixed upon the top of the monument. 
 In an efcutcheon at the head or weft end are the arms of the 
 conqueror, viz. two Lions or, and in another at the oppofite 
 end a Crown or. The workmanfhip of both carries with it 
 marks of antiquity. Here I copied with great pleafure, tho' 
 not without fome difficulty, the following epitaph, which is 
 written in very long old Norman characters. 
 
 EGREGIE PVLCRI TEGIT HEC STRVCTVRA SEPVLCRI 
 
 MORIBVS INSIGNEM GERMEN REGALE MATILDEM 
 
 DVX FLANDRITA PATER HVIC EXTITIT ADALA MATER 
 
 FRANCORVM GENTIS ROBERTI FILIA REGIS 
 
 ET SOROR HENRICI REGALI SEDE POTITI 
 
 REGI MAGNIFICO VILELMO JVNCTA MARITO 
 
 PRESENTER! SEDEM RECENTER FECIT ET EDEM 
 
 TAM MVLTIS TERRIS QVAM MVLTIS REBVS HONESTIS 
 
 A SE DITATAM SE PROCVRANTE DICATAM 
 
 HEC CONSOLATRIX INOPVM PIETATIS AMATRIX 
 
 GASIS DISPERSIS PAVPER SIBI DIVES EGENIS 
 
 HIC INFINITE PETIIT CONSORTIA VITE 
 
 IN PRIMA MENSIS POST PRIMAM LVCE NOVEMBRIS. 
 
 The eight firft lines go round the face of the monument, 
 beginning at the north weft corner : the five laft are in the 
 middle, running acrofs from end to end. 
 
 The
 
 24 A T O U R through NORMANDY. 
 
 The following infcription, written in letters of gold and Roman 
 chara&ers, is placed in efcutcheons on the fides of the monument, 
 
 On the fouth fide. 
 
 REGIME MATHILDIS PRETIOSOS CINERES 
 QVI A FVRORE HERETICORVM 
 SERVATI SVNT LINTEO PIE INVOLVTOS 
 CAPSVLA PLVMBEA INCLVSIT ET HONORIS 
 CAVSA TVMVLUM HVNC HVMO ADEQVATVM 
 NON QVIDEM REGIO APPARATV SED 
 MEMORI ET DIGNO VT POTVIT CVLTV 
 
 On the north fide. 
 
 SVPER HIS EREXIT 
 ORNAVITQVE ILLVSSTIRISSIMA ET RELIGIOSISSIMA 
 
 DOMINA DOMINA GABRIELA FRANCISCA DE () 
 
 DE TESSE HVJVSCE MONASTERII ABBATISSA 
 CVJVS PIETATE TAM NOBILE MAGNIFICVM 
 ALTARE FVIT GHRISTO NASCENT! 
 CONSECRATVM VNO EODEMQVE ANNO 
 
 MDCCVII. 
 
 From this church we went into the parlour belonging to 
 the Abbefs, which was the only part of the abby we were 
 permitted to fee. It is a fmall room without any thing worth 
 notice, except a moft delightful profpect of the country ex- 
 tending to a great diftance, this abby being fituated upon a 
 very high hill. None of the Nuns appeared, but we faw 
 two or three women in black, with veils, who were fervants 
 in this abby. I could neither procure nor hear of any prints 
 of either of thefe convents, there being, I believe, none extant, 
 and only brought away a ground plott, and a view of Caen, 
 which I found to be very exactly done. 
 
 From thence we went to fee the academy, where we were 
 elegantly entertained by three Englifh gentlemen, ftudents 
 there, who mewed us great civilities. This academy is no- 
 thing 
 
 (u) The name of the Lady is unfortunately erafed in my notes.
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 25 
 thing more than a large boarding houfe j its beft apartments 
 are much inferior to the worft at EATON. The building con- 
 fifts of a fquare, in the middle of which you fee a wretched 
 ftatue of LEWIS the twelfth j of this fquare three fides contain 
 the lodgings for the fcholars j the fourth is appropriated to 
 their ftables and coach-houfes ; behind it is the Manege or 
 riding-fchool, a convenient and very lofty room, where we 
 faw fome of the Englifh gentlemen performing their exercifes; 
 and adjoining to the Manege is a {table for the managed hor- 
 fes. The fcholars here are taught French, mathematics, mu- 
 fic, fencing, riding the great horfe, &c. and the expence of 
 their education may be gathered from a plan of the academy, 
 which I (hall infert below (/) : here were only twenty-fix 
 fcholars, that is, fixteen Englifh and Irifh, and ten French. 
 
 E We 
 
 (i) Copy of a printed paper given at Caen, to {hew the neceflary expences of 
 the fcholars of that academy ; to which is added the value of the refpe&ive arti- 
 cles in Englifti money : 
 
 " A royal academy, kept by Monfieur de la Gtieriniere, at Caen, the capital city 
 " of lower Normandy. 
 
 " Boarders." French Livres." 1. s. d. 
 
 " A gentleman pays per annum, 900" 39 7 6 
 
 " His entrance, . . IQO" 476 
 
 " For a governor per annum, "- 500" 21 17 6 
 
 " For a valet de chambre, 350" 15 6 3 
 
 " For a footman, 250" 10 18 9 
 
 " Cyder being the common drink of the country, thofe who 
 
 " have a mind to drink wine at their meals, pay per an- 
 
 " num for half a bottle each day, 100" 476 
 
 " For a bottle each day, 200" 8 15 o 
 
 ' Every gentleman or governor will have a chamber with the 
 
 " neceflary furniture, paying per annum, r- 80" 310 o 
 
 " N. B. Fire and candle are not found any one." 
 " Matters of the academy," 
 
 " To the under riding mafter once paid, 24" i i o 
 
 " To the fencing mafter, ditto, *- < 9" o 711 
 
 j To the dancing mafter ditto, T ~~" 9" o 711 
 
 f Thofe
 
 26 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 
 
 We went that night to the city of BAYEUX, where we 
 lay. The cathedral here, built in the form of a crofs, with 
 pointed arches, and a very high fteeple, has nothing in it re- 
 markable 
 
 " Thofe who take double leflbns, pay betides, to each or Fr. livr. 1. s. d. 
 
 " thefe two laft mafters every month, 6" 5 5 
 
 " To the French mailer per month, 6" 5 5 
 
 " To the mathematic mailer per month, 9" o 711 
 
 " There are alfo mailers for Latin, hiilory, philofophy, law, 
 
 " mufic, &c." 
 
 " N. B. If the fervants do not eat in the academy, they are 
 
 " to pay for their lodgings and furniture per annum, 40" i 15 o 
 '* There are fervants belonging to the academy, who wait 
 
 " on thofe gentlemen that have none, each paying every 
 
 *' month, ' i, lofols" 013! 
 
 " Day-fcholars." 
 
 " For the firft month, - 100" 476 
 
 " For each of the others, 50" 239 
 
 ** The gentlemen belonging to the city, on account of the *? 
 
 " penfion which the city pays, give only for the firft 
 
 " month, ' 60" 212 6 
 
 * For each of the others, 30" ix 6 3 
 
 " For entrances to the porter, grooms, Sec. every boarder 
 
 " and day-fcholar pay, 24" i i o 
 
 " For fwitches each month, i, 5 fols" o i i 
 
 " Boarders are to advance all their quarteridges, and day- 
 
 " fcholars their months." 
 " The firft quarter for a gentleman, without reckoning the 
 
 " expence of wine, amounts to, 414 15 fols" 18 z 11 - 1 - 
 
 " Each of the others, to 248 15 fols" 10 17 8 
 
 Exchange at 31 cL per French crown, or 10 1 d. per livre. 
 
 Upon the face of this paper it is obvious to obferve, that the fcholars of this 
 academy, living in the moil frugal manner, expend annually near 90, exclufive 
 of fire, candles, cloaths, and pocket-money, to obtain thofe qualifications only which 
 are taught at our COUNTRY BOARDING SCHOOLS for 25 per annum. 
 How greatly then do thofe err who in preference to our TWO UNIVERSITIES 
 fend their fons to FRANCE for education!
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 27 
 tnarkable (u) ; the choir, painted glafs and pictures are but very 
 indifferent, and I did not fee one monument or epitaph in the 
 church. The outfides of the weft, north, and foufh doors are 
 adorned with extreme fine baffo relievos in ftone, which have 
 fuffered a little in fome places : upon examining diem careful- 
 ly I judged them to be hiftorical, and to relate to the hiftory 
 of WILLIAM the conqueror, particularly that over the fouth 
 door, in which I thought there appeared much the fame fi- 
 gures as in the celebrated tapeflry mentioned hereafter j and I 
 heartily wifli thefe balfo relievos were thoroughly examined by 
 fome perfon well {killed in drawing. Over againft the weft 
 door is a crofs, much like our WALTHAM crofs, creeled, as 
 we were informed, in the very place where the heretics (fo 
 they call the proteftants) burnt their relicks in 1562. It is 
 ornamented with the figures of St. JOHN, St. MALO, and 
 St. Lo. Here we had the fatisfaction of feeing the famous 
 hiftorical tapeftry, which with great exactnefs reprefents every 
 particular circumftance of the well-known expedition of WIL- 
 LIAM duke of NORMANDY into ENGLAND, A.D. 1066. It is 
 one foot eleven inches in depth, and two hundred and twelve 
 feet in length ; it goes exactly round the nave of the church, 
 where it is annually put up on St. JOHN'S day, and continues 
 there eight days. The ground of it is white j the men, hor- 
 fes, and all the other figures are in their proper colours (x) } the 
 
 E 2 feveral 
 
 (u) This cathedral is dedicated to the virgin Mary, and was rebuilt A. D. 1159, 
 by Philip de Harcourt bifhop of Bayeux. Fifty canons and fixty-four prebends, 
 called vicars or chaplains, compofe the chapter. 
 
 (x) See Monumens de la Monanhie Franfoife, vol. 2. page 8 & feq. See alfo Me- 
 moires de Literature, vol. the 8th in 4to, Paris 1733, page 602, where this tape- 
 ftry is very truly ingraven, and where you will find a full account of it in a difler- 
 tation entitled, Explication d'un Monument de Guillaume k Conquerant, par Monjleur 
 Lancelot, read May the gth, 1730.
 
 28 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 
 
 feveral pieces of hi ftory reprefented in this magnificent tapeftry 
 are feparated from each other by a tree, a branch, or other or- 
 nament : and over each diviiion is a fhort latin infcription, in 
 letters of yellow worfted, explaining the fubftance of the ac- 
 tion reprefented in it : as, HIC: DUX WILGELM : CUM HA- 
 ROLDO VENIT AD PALATiuM suuM. Between the words 
 are fometimes one, two, and three points, or flops : the 
 whole is very exactly ingraven and defcribed by Montfaucon, 
 except that upon examination the figures did not appear quite 
 fo barbarous as he has reprefented them. It is no where torn, 
 but towards the end feems not to have been finifhed. 
 
 The priefts of this cathedral, to whom we addreffed our- 
 felves for a fight of this remarkable piece of antiquity, knew 
 nothing of it ; the circumftance only of its being annually 
 hung up in their church led them to underftand what we 
 wanted, no perfon there knowing that the object of our en^- 
 quiry any ways related to WILLIAM the conqueror, whom 
 to this day they call duke WILLIAM. This tapeftry is care- 
 fully locked up in a large wainfcot prefs, in a chapel (on the 
 fouthfide of the cathedral) dedicated to THOMAS a BECKETT, 
 whofe death is there reprefented in a very indifferent old 
 picture. 
 
 The cathedral is large, but was not fpacious enough to 
 contain the number of people who came thither to pray for 
 the recovery of the DAUPHIN who was then ill of the fmall 
 pox. When we came here at eight o'clock at night, we found 
 many of them upon their knees without the church, wait- 
 ing for the .benediction, after which the clergy with the popu- 
 lace went round the town finging oraifom for his recovery. 
 Near the cathedral we faw an old houfe belonging to the bi- 
 fhops of BAYEUX, who refide thereat but little, having a 
 
 much
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 29 
 
 much more convenient habitation at a fmall diftance from the 
 town : here is alfo a good houfe which belongs to the dean of 
 this cathedral. 
 
 In this city (as we were informed) are fourteen parifli 
 churches, befides thofe belonging to the religious houfes, of 
 which here are twelve. It is an old and very indifferent town. 
 We were told here was an hofpital for the relief of the 
 poor, a thing much wanted in other towns, for we found our- 
 felves every where peftered with beggars and miferable objects, 
 for whom no legal provifion whatfoever is made by any of 
 their refpecttive parifhes ; the poor of this country having no^ 
 thing to depend upon when reduced by accidents or ficknefs, 
 but the voluntary charity of their neighbours : it is a miftake 
 to imagine they are relieved by the religious houfes, whofe 
 doors you are pretty fure to find clear of them, themfelves 
 complaining that they are rendered unable through the deficir- 
 ency of their incomes to maintain the full number of religious 
 for which they were founded (y). Here is alfo an houfe where 
 any poor girl may be taught the art of lace-making, and may 
 receive the profit of it, after a fmall deduction for the miftrefs 
 who inftructed her in it. 
 
 From BAYEUX returning to CAEN, about a mile from the 
 latter, we palled through a place called la Maladerie, where 
 was formerly an hofpital for lepers, which is now in ruins, as 
 is alfo a pretty large chapel adjoining to it, all the doors and 
 
 windows 
 
 00 I would not here be underftood to fay pofitively, that the poor have no re- 
 lief from the religious houfes. What I mean is, that there are not at the religious 
 houfes in this country any public and daily diftributions of charity fuch as hifto- 
 rians tell us were exercifed in England before the reformation. Of this kind of 
 charity we have yet fome remains in England, particularly at Queen's College in the 
 Univerfity of Oxford, a focjety exceedingly tenacious of antient cuftoms ; who to 
 this day frequently diftribute provifions to the poor at the door of their hall.
 
 30 A T O U R through NORMANDY. 
 
 windows of which had round arches. From CAEN our road 
 to PARIS, amongft other places, led us through LISIEUX and 
 EVREUX, two biihops fees, the latter of which once gave title 
 to the noble family ofDEVREux earls of ESSEX. We made 
 no flay at either, but came to a fmall place called PASSY, fi- 
 tuated upon the river EUR RE, the laft town in this province. 
 
 As we are now leaving NORMANDY, I {hall clofe my ac- 
 count of it with the following obfervations. 
 
 NORMANDY is a fertile and pleafant country, full of large 
 orchards well flocked with fruit, UPPER NORMANDY ef- 
 pecially, where the apple trees in many places are regularly 
 planted, for miles together, on each 'fide of the roads, which 
 are every where wide and pleafant, and paved only where the 
 ground is boggy ; there are in many parts of the country high 
 hills which afford fine profpefts, efpecially thofe near the river 
 SEINE, whofe ftream above ROUEN is about as wide as the 
 THAMES atDATCHETT, but fo fhallow as only to admit of 
 flat bottomed boats : the country is finely wooded, and has 
 great plenty of game. LOWER NORMANDY has fewer or- 
 chards than the UPPER, but has a greater quantity of grafs 
 and confequently much larger herds of oxen, and very confi- 
 derable flocks of fheep. The cows are but fmall j the fheep 
 of the fame fize as thofe at NEWMARKET, and full as good. 
 The Norman horfes are very fine ones, well fhaped and ftrong, 
 and greatly valued every where. They have all long tails, 
 which their owners are wifer than to cut off as we do. Their 
 affes and mules are much larger than ours. We faw fome 
 vines, but not many, cyder being the chief liquor of the coun- 
 try j I tafted fome feveral times, but it is made fo weak even 
 at gentlemen's houfes, that you run in danger of the cholic 
 by drinking it. The great towns are populous, but the coun- 
 try
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 31 
 try is but thinly inhabited. The crops of corn wefaw through- 
 out the country were very thin and (horr, which I am apt to 
 think is not fo much owing to the nature of the ground, as to 
 the oppreffions which the people labour under; for as the te- 
 nant is obliged to difcharge all taxes (which taxes are impofed 
 upon him in an almoft arbitrary manner, and without a due 
 regard to his rent) if he happens to have a better crop than 
 ordinary, he is fure to pay for it, and therefore is not very 
 anxious after improvements : but thofe who are not under thefe 
 hardfhips, viz. the farmers of lands belonging to religious 
 houfes, have as good crops as any I ever faw in ENGLAND. 
 Moft of the villages are fituated in bottoms ; the poor people's 
 houfes (if I may venture to call them houfes) are made with 
 mud walls, and are covered with thatch; the houfes in the 
 great towns are moftly built with plaifter, and a great deal of 
 (z) timber running upwards, downwards, and crofsways ; the 
 firit ftory projecting beyond the ground floor, as the fecond 
 does beyond the firft, the roofs pointed, with large ftacks of 
 brick chimneys at each end of the houfe. We fee many fuch 
 houfes in HERTFORDSHIRE, RUTLANDSHIRE, and other 
 
 counties 
 
 ( z ) Many of their old houfes when they are pulled down have a great deal of 
 ehefnut wood about them ; and as there are no forefts of chefnut trees in Norman- 
 dy^ the inhabitants have a tradition that this wood was brought from England : 
 and truly there are fome circumftances which, when rightly confidered, will add' 
 great ftrength to this tradition. For many of the old houfes in England are found 
 to contain a great deal of this kind of timber. Several of the old houfes in Lon- 
 don, particularly the Black Swan Inn in Holbourne, fituated near Fetter-lane-end,, 
 (which by the way exceedingly refembles the houfes in Normandy) and others in 
 that neighbourhood are built with much ckefnut. And moft of the antient houfes 
 in the Vill of Che/bunt in Hertfortfhire, fo named, as fome etymologifts tell us, 
 from the quantity of chefnut trees which abounded in that place, are built of 
 this wood. And there are fome woods and woody places in England called by 
 the name of Chefnut-iuood, particularly one near Sittingbourne in Kent, tho' no fuck 
 wood is now growing there.
 
 32 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 
 
 counties in ENGLAND ; and indeed NORMANDY does fo near- 
 ly refemble OLD ENGLAND, that we could fcarce believe our- 
 felves to be in FRANCE. The better fort of people dwell 
 chiefly in the cities and great towns, in houfes built with ftone; 
 for which reafon in that part of NORMANDY through which 
 we patted wefaw but very few gentlemen's feats. 
 
 I come now to confider their churches, which for the moft 
 part are very handfome edifices erected in the fhape of a crofs. 
 They generally ftand eaft and weft, and are all built with 
 ftone, of which there is great plenty in NORMANDY, efpeci- 
 ally about CAEN, where are feveral quarries of excellent ftone 
 which is greatly fought after, and conveyed from thence by 
 water to feveral provinces of FRANCE (a) , the fteeple ufual- 
 ly rifes from the centre of the fabric, being placed upon the 
 interfedion of the crofs ; fome few fmall parochial churches 
 excepted which confift of a nave only; in which cafe the 
 fteeple is generally at the weft end. But this is not a general 
 rule, for the fteeple of the church of MUIDS and that of 
 GAILLON are on the fouth fide. 
 
 The 
 
 (a) It was alfo formerly brought from Caen to England, frequent mention of 
 it being made by Stowe and other Writers. See Survey of London, edit. 1633, pages 
 31, 32, &c. See alfo Rot. Liter. Patent. Norman, de anno 6 H. 5 p. \ m . 22. De 
 quarreris albee petrte infuburbio villa de Caen annexandis dominio Regis pro reparations 
 Ealejtarufn, caftrorum, et fortallitiorum, tarn in Anglia quam in Normannia. See alfo 
 Rat. Normanni<s de anno 9 H. $ m. 31. dorf. De arreftando naves pro tranfportatione lapi- 
 dum et pet r arum pro conflruflione Abb at i a Sanfti Petri de Weftminfler a partibus Cadomi. 
 ibid. m. 30. Pro dimo Je/u de Eethleem de Shene, de lapidilus in quarreris circa *villam 
 de Cadomo capiendis, pro conftruclione Ecclejite, claufiri, et cellar urn damns predict te. See 
 alfo Rot. Francis de anno 35 Hen. 6. m. 2. pro J'alvo condutf-u ad fupplicationem Abbatis 
 ff Conventus Beati Petri Wejlmonafterii pro Mercatoribus de Caen in Normamia, veni- 
 endis in Angliam cum lafidibus de Caen pro adificatione Monajierii prtedifli. Tefte Rege 
 apudWeftm. 15 die Augujli. See alfo Rot. Francis de anno 38 Hen. 6. m. 23. de fal- 
 *vo conduttu pro nave de Caen in regnum Anglic venienda cum lapidibus de Caen pro re- 
 par attone Monajierii de Wejlminjler. Tefte Rege apud Wejlm. 9 die Maii.
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 33 
 The entrance into them is always by a defcent of three or 
 four fteps, contrary to the afiertion of Mr. Staveky, that the 
 Normans made their churches with afcents into them (b). The 
 Font always ftands at the weft end, and is either of ftone, or 
 marble, generally of an hexagonal or octagonal form ; and when 
 not ufed is always covered. The holy water is kept in an oblong 
 flone or marble bafon, placed in different parts of the church 
 but near the doors. In fome country parim churches we faw 
 the rood, which is the figure of our SAVIOUR upon the crofs, 
 attended with the figures of the virgin MARY on the right 
 hand, and St. JOHN on the left, in wood, and is ufually placed 
 in a loft, over the fcreen which parts the body of the church 
 from the chancel. The organ in cathedrals is generally placed 
 clofe to the weft wall, in order to preferve the perfpe&ive ; 
 and for the fame reafon there are no pews in the Norman 
 churches, the congregation inftead thereof ufing chairs. The 
 pulpits ftand in the nave of the church. I faw but very few- 
 towers in NORMANDY, the famion running almoft every 
 where into fpires or fteeples, fome of which are fo contrived 
 with open ftone work as to let in light enough to fee the bells 
 move. It is, as I was informed, the cuftom in NORMANDY 
 to ring no more than three bells at any one time, the people 
 having no notion of ringing harmonioufly in peals as we do : 
 and thefe three bells are rung only to give notice of a death, 
 when they are founded in a peculiar manner, fo that the 
 hearers are thereby informed whether the deceafed be a man, 
 woman, boy or girl. 
 
 When I enquired whether the curfeu bell (c) was ftill 
 
 F rung 
 
 (I) Hift. of Churches, pag. 151. 
 
 (c) What the curfeu bell is, by whom the ringing of it was inftituted, and the 
 occafion of that inftitution are well known. But as this occalion has long lince 
 
 ceafed,
 
 34 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 
 
 rung at eight o'clock, I could get no politive anfwer, but 
 was told that bells rung in many places at eight o'clock, 
 to put people in mind of faying a certain prayer, the 
 name of which, if I remember right, they call complies. The 
 principal churches confift of a nave and two fide ifles, befides 
 the crofs ifles, and of a choir which at the eaft end is cir- 
 cular, behind which is always the chapel of the virgin MARY, 
 having little chapels more or lefs in number on each fide. 
 The doors and windows have either round or pointed 
 arches, from which fome judgment may be formed of the 
 age of the churches. I come therefore now, Sir, to confider 
 thefe two fpecies of arches which have been fo often men- 
 tioned in the courfe of this letter, and to offer fome few con- 
 jectures ariling from the obfervations which I have made 
 thereon. 
 
 The round arch was always a favourite of the Normans, 
 and continues fo much in ufe with them to this day, that the 
 gates and doors of almoft every private houfe I faw in NOR- 
 MANDY are round. 
 
 The two abbies of St. STEPHEN (d) and the HOLY 
 TRINITY at CAEN were founded, the former of them by 
 
 WlL- 
 
 ceafed, the continuance of the cuflom may perhaps not untruly be otherwife ac- 
 counted for. In Normandy, we fee, this bell direfts the people when to fay their 
 prayers. It might formerly be of the fame ufe in England. Or the cuftom of 
 ringing it might be kept up, with a view to inform the meaner fort of people who 
 had neither clocks nor almanacks how the time went. So at this day the curfeu bell of 
 St. Martins in Oxford, and of fome other places in England, where the cuftom of 
 ringing it ftill continues, befides pointing out to the inhabitants the hours of four in 
 the morning and eight in the evening, inftrufts them in the day of the month like- 
 wife. 
 
 (</) Mr. Huet fays, that the abby-church of St. Stephen was finiflied ann. 1064, 
 two years before William duke of Normandy came into England. Origine$ dt la. 
 <ville de Caen, pag. 237.
 
 M w^Zte^ 
 M ^^^^ 
 
 m^P^*- 
 
 
 35 
 
 IATILDA 
 NICHOLAS 
 :his attone- 
 degrees of 
 to ftir up 
 
 ANDERS. 
 
 ve, we may 
 in the moft 
 ^nd, indeed, 
 entire to this 
 that the ar- 
 thefe two ab- 
 the doors and 
 n the ifles, arc 
 ie choir of the 
 y damaged by 
 great fteeple in 
 
 and the arches 
 time it was re- 
 be deemed the 
 )le to the fimpli- 
 at neither of the 
 TRINITY have 
 ie fame I alfo ob- 
 1 arches ; of which 
 yet I took notice 
 of 
 
 rtt detruijlrent Ie clocher dtt 
 Ceroit par fa chute tout Ie refte 
 tyu'u repare. HuetO/g*'*
 
 34 
 
 rung at el 
 was told \ 
 to put pe 
 name of wl 
 principal ch 
 the crofs if! 
 cular, behin 
 having little 
 The doors 
 arches, from 
 age of the c 
 thefe two fpt 
 tioned in the c 
 jeclures anting 
 thereon. 
 
 The round 
 and continues fc 
 gates and doors 
 MANDY are roi 
 
 The two al 
 TRINITY at C; 
 
 ceafed, the continuanc 
 counted for. In Norm 
 prayers. It might fon 
 ringing it might be kept 
 had neither clocks nor al 
 St. Martins in Oxford, i 
 ringing it ftill continues, 
 the morning and eight in 
 wife. 
 
 ( </) Mr. Huet fays, tha 
 two years before William 
 uille de Caen, pag. 237.
 
 A T O U R through NORMANDY. 35 
 
 WILLIAM duke of NORMANDY, the latter by MATILDA 
 his wife, in purfuance of the mandate of pope NICHOLAS 
 the fecond, who politically chofe to enjoin them this attone- 
 ment for having married within the prohibited degrees of 
 affinity, rather than by diflblving their marriage, to ftir up 
 a war between the flates of NORMANDY and FLANDERS. 
 
 Being founded therefore upon a religious motive, we may 
 reafonably conclude that thefe abbies were built in the moft 
 magnificent and elegant manner of that age. And, indeed, 
 the churches of thefe two abbies, which remain entire to this 
 day, fufficiently {how by their good proportion, that the ar- 
 chitect underftood his bufmefs very well. Of thefe two ab- 
 by churches, all the arches, as well thofe of the doors and 
 windows, as thofe which divide the nave from the ifles, arc 
 round, excepting only thofe of the infide of the choir of the 
 church of St, STEPHEN, which being greatly damaged by 
 the Calvinifts in 1562 (who undermined the great fteeple in 
 the middle of the church, fo that it fell down and de- 
 ftroyed the (e) choir) has fince been repaired, and the arches 
 made pointed according to the manner of the time it was re- 
 paired in. The round arch may therefore be deemed the 
 famion of the conqueror's age, and agreeable to the fimpli- 
 city then ufed, it is further obfervable, that neither of the 
 two abby churches of St. STEPHEN and the TRINITY have 
 any kind of ornaments about them ; and the fame I alfo ob- 
 ferved in all the churches where I faw round arches ; of which 
 though I have only mentioned a few, yet I took notice 
 
 F 2 Of 
 
 (e) Ce fut en cette meme Annet 1562, que Its Religionedres detruljtrent le clocher dm 
 milieu de cette Eglife ; ih t 'avoient fappe , efperant quil renwerferoit par fa chute tout le refie 
 de T Edifice, mats ilne ruina quune partie duChaeur, qui fut defuif refare,-~-H.\lQtOrigigs 
 de la Ville de Caen, in 8vo, Rouen 1702, page 248.
 
 36 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 
 
 of feveral in my return from BAYEUX to PARIS, but 
 thought it needlefs to fet down their names, chufing ra- 
 ther to look upon thefe two abbies as my model, the dates 
 of which I was pretty fure of. 
 
 Another obfervation I made, was, that where country 
 churches have been enlarged, and have had additional buil- 
 dings annexed to them, the weft end has often round arches 
 and no ornaments, which induced me to think that the 
 weft end of many churches in FRANCE was the oldeft part of 
 the fabrick. Of this I was convinced, when I faw the royal 
 abby of St. DENNIS near PARIS, where the weft end of the 
 church, which is known to be the oldeft part of it, has to 
 this day round arches. I fhould therefore, Sir, be apt to think 
 that the round arched buildings without ornaments are the 
 oldeft NORMAN architecture; and that the pointed arch fuc- 
 ceeded, and brought with it the ornaments added in after times $ 
 which laft may be called the new NORMAN architecture : in 
 which fecond fort it rnuft be obferved, that the width of the 
 windows is enlarged j for the windows in the two abby chur- 
 ches above mentioned are narrow, as are all thofe I have 
 feen in the round arched churches before mentioned. This 
 conjecture is the more probable as the number of round arched 
 buildings in NORMANDY are much fewer than thofe with the 
 pointed arch, which in my opinion feems to denote the for- 
 mer to be the oldeft. It may likewife be added, that the 
 mouldings and turnings in the old round arched churches 
 there, very much refemble what I have feen in fome round 
 arched churches in ENGLAND, which have been thought by 
 fome of my learned friends to be Saxon buildings j but af- 
 ter what I have feen in this tour, I cannot be of that opi- 
 nion, but rather apprehend them to be built by fome of the 
 
 Nor-
 
 A TOUR through NORMANDY. 37 
 
 Normans, who enjoyed eftates here given them by the con- 
 queror, who introduced, as much as in him lay, the laws, 
 cufloms and language of the Normans, and moft probably 
 their method of building (j). 
 
 How long the NORMAN round arch continued in ENG- 
 LAND, I cannot pretend to determine : it certainly was in ufe 
 in the reign of HENRY the firft, who founded the abby of 
 READING, A. D. 1121. The ruins of which ingraven by 
 Dr. STUKELEY in his Itinerarium Curiofum, page 59, con- 
 fift of round arches, and are in my opinion, remains of NOR- 
 MAN architecture. But I muft here add, that I no where 
 faw any arch ornamented like that in TIKENCOTE church in 
 RUTLANDSHIRE, which is a round arch, confifting of fix di- 
 vifions, embellifhed with various carvings and goats-heads ; 
 it is thought by many antiquaries, to be one of the oldeft 
 churches in ENGLAND, and I take it to be a Saxon buil- 
 ding : as I do alfo the very remarkable church of IFFLEY 
 near OXFORD, which, though hitherto unnoticed, deferves 
 as well to be engraven as any building in this kingdom. Like- 
 wife the porch of St. MARGARET'S church in the city of YORK, 
 a print of which may be feen in Mr. Drake's antiquities of 
 that city, fag. 308, I judge to be Saxon alfo, it differing very 
 much from every thing I faw in NORMANDY. 
 
 With regard to fome buildings which I have mentioned 
 to have a mixture of the round and pointed arch together, 
 fuch as, the weft front of the church of PONT AUDEMER, 
 where the middle window hath a pointed arch, and is wi- 
 der than the two fide ones which have round arches, I do 
 
 not 
 
 (/) The abby of Battel in Suffex was founded by the conqueror : the arches of 
 this building as reprefented in the counter-feal of the abby engraved and publifhed 
 by the Society of Antiquaries of London, Plate 60, are round,
 
 38 A TOUR through NORMANDV. 
 
 not pretend to account for this mixture ; poffibly there might 
 originally be but one round arched window, which in after- 
 times might be thought too fmall, and be enlarged according 
 to the then mode of building with pointed arches. Nor can 
 I fay any thing for the building in one of the courts of the 
 abby of St. STEPHEN at CAEN, one half of which has round, 
 the other pointed-arched windows, but that the latter might 
 be an additional building to the former. For if the whole edi- 
 fice had been built at the fame time, and the pointed arch had 
 been in ufe at that time, is it not moft reafonable to fuppofe, 
 that the architect would for the greater beauty and variety have 
 mixt the round and pointed arches interchangeably ? I can 
 only fay, this mixture was altogether new to me, and what I 
 do not remember to have feen in ENGLAND. 
 
 I have now, Sir, nothing to add to thefe obfervations," 
 except my good wifhes, that fome learned and judicious anti- 
 quary, well {killed in drawing, would take the fame Tour, 
 and rectify the errors and miftakes I have committed, 
 
 London, 
 
 Jan. 28th, lam, Sir, &c. 
 
 '753* 
 
 POST-
 
 POSTSCRIPT. 
 
 IT may not be improper, Sir, to acquaint you, that the book 
 fo often quoted here, intitled, Les Monument de la Monar- 
 chic Frantjoije, par le R. P. Dom. Bernard de Monfaucon, 
 was originally written in French and Latin, and printed at 
 Paris in five volumes in folio, in 1729, 1730, 1731, 1732, 
 1733. It contains 304 plates, all which are to be met with 
 in a book intitled, A Collection of Regal and Ecclejiajlical An- 
 tiquities of France^ firfl collected and publimed by that very 
 learned antiquary Bernard de Montfaucon, and printed with an 
 historical explanation of the feveral plates in Englim, in two 
 vols. folio, London 1750. As I have only quoted the plates 
 mentioned in the Park edition, and as they are differently 
 numbered in that of London, the following table will (hew 
 where they are to be found in both. 
 
 Paris edition. 9 London edition. 
 
 YO!. 2. pag. 114, pi. 15, Monuments of king Richard the firft, 
 
 and Henricus Junior Vol. i. pi. 70. 
 
 4. pag. 204, pi. 29, Interview between king Henry the ? Vol. 2. pi. 221. 
 & feq. eighth, and Francis the firft $ 222,223. 
 
 5. pag. 12, pi. 7, Bridge at Rouen, built by Maud the 
 
 emprefs Vol. 2. pi. 254, 
 
 4. p. 142, after pi. 20, Pifture and medal of cardinal d'Am- 
 
 boife Vol. 2. pi. 211, 
 
 1. pag. 402, pi. 55, Pi<5ture$ of William the conqueror, 
 
 Matilda, and their two fons Vol. K pi. 55. 
 
 2. pag. 8, & feq. Tapeftry at Bayeux M . Vol. i. pi. 56 to 64, 
 
 ERRATA. 
 
 Page 2, line 2, inftead of four, read two. Pag. 2, 1. 10, after one add, efivfafr, 
 Pag. 12, 1, 3, for VAUDREVII. read VAUDREUIL.
 
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