THE LIBRARY 
 
 [HE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES 
 
 GIFT OF 
 
 COMMODORE BYRON MCCANDLESS
 
 f j "
 
 BY 
 
 GEORGE C. MASON.
 
 Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1854, by 
 GEORGE C. MASON, 
 
 In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States 
 for the Southern District of New York. 
 
 A. H. JOCELYN, KLECTROTYPEB, MUDGE AND SON, PRINTERS 
 
 58 & 60 Fulton, St. ** Sch l St -> Boston.
 
 CONTENTS, 
 
 CHAPTER, I. 
 Newport a Fashionable Watering Place 
 
 CHAPTER H. 
 Early History of Newport .10 
 
 CHAPTER HI. 
 
 Newport Harbor. Fort Adams. Castle Hill. Brenton's 
 
 Reef. Grave's Point. Lily Pond Spouting Rock. 17 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 City Hall. Washington Square. Com. Perry's House. 
 Zion Church. Central Baptist Church. Dr. Stiles. 
 Newport Artillery. Vernon Mansion House. Hon. 
 Wm. Vernon. Landing of Washington and recep- 
 tion by Rochambeau. Illumination of the town . 26 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 State House and Parade. Stuart's Picture of Washington. 
 
 Judge Lightfoot 38
 
 4 CONTENTS. 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 Church Street. Residence of Rev. James Honyman. Jas. 
 Honyman, Esq. Mrs. Cowley's Assembly Room. 
 Ball given by the French Officers. Ball given by the 
 citizens to Washington- and Rochambeau. Ball giv- 
 en to .Washington. Trinity Church. Funeral of 
 Chevalier De Ternay. Rectors of Trinity Church. 
 Destruction of the Altar Piece after the Evacuation. 
 Bishop Berkeley. Masonic Hall. Wm. E. Chan- 
 ning, Esq 42 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 Easton's Beach. Bathing. Fishermen Drawing their 
 Nets. Purgatory. Sachuest Point. Capture of the 
 Pigot by Major Talbot. Tautog and Bass Fishing. 49 
 
 CHAPTER VHI. 
 Old Stone Mill .59 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 Redwood Library. Jewish Cemetery. Jewish Synagogue. 61 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 South Touro Street. Buildings recently erected. Boat 
 
 House Landing. Coggeshall's Ledge. Spouting Cave. 65 
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 The Glen 67 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 Excursion over the Bay Fort Adams. Rose Island. 
 The Dumplings ; 70 
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 Church of the Holy Cross. Capture of Gen. Prescott. "
 
 CONTENTS. 5 
 
 Redwood House. Butt's Hill. Lawton's Valley. R. 
 
 I. Coal Mines 74 
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 
 Steamboats running to and from Newport 79 
 
 CHAPTER XV. 
 
 The Point. Washington Street. Dr. Wm. Hunter. Hon. 
 Wm. Hunter. Death of Chevalier De Ternay. Fort 
 Greene 80 
 
 CHAPTER XVI. 
 
 Tammany Hill. Tammany Hill Institute. Malbone's 
 
 Garden. Smilert. Allston. Stuart. Art in America. 83 
 
 CHAPTER XVH. 
 
 The Newport Mercury. James Franklin. Brenton Town 
 
 House. Judge Halliburton 88 
 
 CHAPTER XVIH. 
 
 A ride to Green End, Honyman's Hill, Whitehall, and 
 
 over the Beaches 91 
 
 CHAPTER XIX. 
 Liberty Tree. Henry Marchant, Esq. Hon. Wm. Ellery. 101 
 
 CHAPTER XX. 
 
 First Baptist Church. Second Baptist. Central Baptist. 
 Methodist. Unitarian. Episcopal Mission. Friends. 
 Roman Catholic. Congregational. Union Colored. 106
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 NEWPORT A FASHIONABLE WATERING PLACE. 
 
 HERE is nothing 
 surprising in the fact 
 that Newport has be- 
 come a 'Fashionable 
 Watering place;' the 
 wonder is, that so 
 many years were re- 
 quired to make its 
 many attractions 
 known to those who 
 habitually leave the 
 crowded cities, on 
 the approach of summer's heat, in search of some 
 favored spot where they may enjoy a cool and in- 
 vigorating air, bathe on a beach _washed by the 
 ocean waves, ramble over verdant hills and vales and 
 pleasant fields, or pause to rest on some bold cliff 
 that commands a view far seaward. 
 
 The inhabitants of Newport do not fully appreciate 
 the charms of the island. They have always enjoyed 
 the blessings by which they are surrounded; they 
 have ever breathed a healthy atmosphere, and are 
 never oppressed by excessive heat, or forced to look 
 tpon pastures burnt to a crisp by an August sun ; they 
 do not realize the full meaning of exhaustion and
 
 8 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 lassitude in the dog days ; and can scarcely estimate 
 the daily reports at that trying season, from less favor- 
 ed spots, of suffering and mortality. But when they 
 chance to roam, their eyes are opened to the blessings 
 at home, and, if forced to remain long absent, the 
 dream of their life is to return and here rest in their 
 declining days. There is no trait in the charac- 
 ter of Rhode Islanders more marked than that of 
 attachment to their native soil. On their return, after 
 a long sojourn, they visit every spot made familiar in 
 early life, and consider every moment so spent as a 
 fitting reward for years of toil in a strange land. 
 
 The natural attractions of Newport are great, but 
 it does not depend on these alone to engage the atten- 
 tion of strangers who would while away a few summer 
 days by the sea shore. Ou every hand are beautiful 
 country seats of every known and unknown order of ar- 
 chitecture ; numerous hotels, and all well conducted ; 
 libraries of well stored and well selected books, easy 
 of access ; society composed of the leading men of 
 the country, in all the walks of life ; stately matrons, 
 and dashing belles all combine their attractions, and 
 serve to make Newport the most desirable and popular 
 of summer resorts. 
 
 In localities where nature has done but little, fashion 
 may have the sway for a time. Crowds may flock to 
 a point that boasts of no charm but its ocean view, 
 or to the hot and arid sands bordering some inland 
 water ; but the excitement cannot long be sustained. 
 At Newport it is altogether the reverse. Here, those 
 who come to pass a few weeks are soon charmed with 
 the climate and scenery of the island ; a desire to
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 9 
 
 build becomes irresistible, and the result is, a lot with 
 a commanding view is purchased, a neat cottage 
 erected, and the happy household only leave for their 
 winter quarters when the north winds and the falling 
 leaves proclaim the warm season at an end. 
 
 Thousands now assemble at Newport every year ; 
 and during their stay, one great source of pleasure is 
 to visit the most inviting scenes, and the spots ren- 
 dered interesting by their historical associations. To 
 aid those who would dispense with the services of a 
 yuide, and wander alone by the sea shore and over 
 Ae pleasant hill sides, this little work is designed. 
 In preparing it, the writer's object has been simply to 
 impart such information as would be likely to prove 
 acceptable ; and to make it the more attractive, he 
 has added a few historical reminiscences, presenting 
 an occasional picture of life in colonial times, as 
 contrasted well with the gay. scenes witnessed here 
 at the present day, when the season is at its hight.
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 EARLY HISTORY OP NEWPORT. 
 
 IN 1638, Governor Coddington, having associated 
 himself with seventeen others, purchased Aquid- 
 neck " Isle of Peace " of the Indian sachems, in 
 his own name as agent. The company immediately 
 took possession of the island, and settled on its north- 
 ern extremity, where they proposed establishing a 
 colony. A town was regularly laid out, and called 
 Pocasset now known as Portsmouth. The colony 
 prospered, and during the following summer search 
 was made for a more favorable location, which resulted 
 in the selection of the south-western extremity of the 
 island, now known as Newport. The following 
 spring a part of the colony moved to the new site, 
 laid out the principal streets, and commenced the 
 erection of houses. At a subsequent date, the island, 
 by order of the General Court, was called the " Isle 
 of Rhodes," or Rhode Island, on account of its great 
 resemblance to the beautiful Isle of Rhodes in the 
 Mediterranean. 
 
 Rhode Island is situated in Narragansett Bay, in 
 lat. 41 deg. 29 min., long. 71 deg. 20 min. ' It is 
 fifteen miles in length, and in the vicinity of Newport 
 about four in width, gradually diminishing toward the 
 north until it terminates in a point. The shore line 
 is eighty miles.
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 11 
 
 Newport is beautifully situated on a hill sloping 
 gently to the harbor on the west. It is laid out with 
 some degree of regularity ; the principal streets run- 
 ning north and south, and crossed at right angles. 
 The ancient part of the city is compact ; that of recent 
 date is open and tastefully arranged. The inner har- 
 bor is formed by the Town on the east, the Neck on 
 the south, terminating in Brenton's Point ; Goat Island 
 on the west, with an opening to the north and also 
 to the south-west. The outer harbor comprises that 
 portion of Narragansett Bay lying between Rhode 
 Island on the east and the island of Conanicut on the 
 west, opening to the ocean on the south, and to the 
 north running into Providence River. The entrance 
 to the harbor is two miles in width, twenty-nine fath- 
 oms in depth, and in only one instance has it been 
 closed by ice since the first settlement. The ap- 
 proach to the harbor is so free from obstructions of 
 every kind, that a stranger may enter in safety without 
 the aid of a pilot. Vessels can enter and depart with 
 any wind ; and the united fleets of the world could 
 here find safe and commodious anchorage. 
 
 Rhode Island is connected with the main on the 
 east by a substantial stone bridge, which is owned by 
 a company who realize a small dividend from the 
 tolls. There is also a telegraph communicating be- 
 tween Newport, New York, Boston and Providence, 
 via Fall River. The distance from Newport to Prov- 
 idence is thirty miles ; to Fall River eighteen, and 
 from there to Boston, by railway, fifty-three ; to Point 
 Judith fifteen ; to Blocl? Island thirty ; and to New 
 York one hundred and sixty-five miles.
 
 12 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 The public buildings of Newport are the State 
 House, a wefl arranged and commodious building, 
 situated at the head of the Parade ; the City Hall, at 
 the corner of Thames Street and the Long Wharf ; 
 the Redwood Library, one of the most classical build- 
 ings in the country ; the Jewish Synagogue, three 
 Baptist, one Congregational, one Unitarian, three 
 Episcopal Churches, one Episcopal Mission, and two 
 Friends' Meeting-houses. There are eight Hotels, 
 four of which are only opened during the summer for 
 the accommodation of the crowds who resort here 
 during the season. There are also seven Banks, with 
 an aggregate capital of $680,000, on which an annual 
 dividend of six per cent, is usually paid. To these 
 must be added a Bank for Savings. Its deposits, 
 which are rapidly increasing, amount at the present 
 time to $400,000. 
 
 On the breaking out of the Revolution, great num- 
 bers of the inhabitants left the Island,; and during the 
 summer and fall of 1776, Newport remained in a dis- 
 tressed condition, without commerce, without defense, 
 except a few guns at Brenton's Point, and with a 
 prostration of business of all kinds. The British fleet 
 arrived, and the troops took possession of the town, 
 and remained three years. During their stay New- 
 port was under martial law. Before leaving, they 
 destroyed four hundred and eighty buildings of varioi:s 
 classes, burned the lighthouse at Beaver Tail, cut 
 down all the ornamental and fruit trees, broke up 
 nearly all the wharves, and the places of public wor- 
 ship, with two exceptions, wte used as riding schools 
 and stables. The State House they turned into a
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 13 
 
 hospital. The church bells, with one exception a 
 present from Queen Anne the machinery from the 
 distilleries, and the Town Records, were carried off 
 to New York ; and when at length they evacuated 
 the place, the wells were filled up, and as much prop- 
 erty as possible destroyed, by order of the British 
 commander. 
 
 The British army quartered on the town numbered 
 8,000 English and Hessians. They encamped in 
 summer, but in winter forced themselves into the 
 houses of the inhabitants. 
 
 From 1778 to the time that the island was evacu- 
 ated, contributions were constantly made by States, 
 towns, parishes, religious societies, companies and 
 individuals, for the benefit of the sufferers at Newport. 
 The State granted one hundred and sixty cords of 
 wood, then worth twenty silver dollars a cord, and 
 jl,000 to the poor. Old houses were torn down and 
 one ship broken up, for fuel. So great was the de- 
 mand for food, that corn brought four silver dollars a 
 bushel, and half that sum was demanded for the same 
 quantity of potatoes. 
 
 During the stay of the British there were always 
 vessels of war in attendance, numbering, at times, as 
 many as seventy men-of-war and transports ; and 
 when the French fleet, under Count D'Estaing, ap- 
 peared off the coast, the British destroyed many ships 
 to prevent their falling into the hands of the French. 
 The Lark, Orpheus, Juno, Ceberius, Kingfisher, Grand 
 Turk and others were burned, two galleys were blown 
 up, the Flora sunk, and fifteen large transports scat- 
 tered and sunk in the outer harbor ; while the Falcon 
 2
 
 14 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED 
 
 sloop-of-war and thirty armed vessels were sunk in 
 the inner harbor. 
 
 The British evacuated in 1779. At that time the 
 population of the Town was reduced from 12,000 to 
 4,000. After the troops left, the Town was used fot 
 cartels between New York and the New England 
 States. Many, of the inhabitants returned, but it was 
 generally the poorer class, which only increased the 
 distress. Efforts were shortly made to restore the 
 commerce, and a few privateers were sent out, which 
 brought in many prizes ; but owing to the exposed 
 situation of the place, and the long period it had been 
 in the possession of the British, other towns, with 
 fewer natural advantages, took the lead in commercial 
 enterprise. 
 
 We have no statistics to which we can refer for 
 facts connected with the commerce of Newport ; the 
 Town having been literally sacked by the British, and 
 all the valuable documents destroyed or carried off. 
 But there is yet .data extant that must be taken as 
 evidence of her early commercial relations, and the 
 high position of her merchants, until they were ruined 
 or scattered by the war. Probably on no spot in the 
 colonies was there concentrated more individual opu- 
 lence, learning and science, than in Newport. In 
 architectural taste and costly structures, she was 
 unsurpassed ; and was styled the emporium of fashion, 
 refinement and taste. Her seamen were bold and 
 hardy, and first carried the whaling business as far as 
 the Falkland Islands. Her manufactures were highly 
 esteemed throughout the country and the West Indies, 
 and the remains of her extensive distilleries are still
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 15 
 
 visible in various parts of the Town. Of these distil- 
 leries there were upwards of thirty, erected at great 
 expense. To supply them with molasses, a fleet of 
 vessels was constantly employed between Newport 
 and the West Indies ; and at this time the seamen of 
 the port numbered twenty-two hundred. 
 
 The following facts in regard to the trade of New- 
 port in her palmy days, 1764, are set forth in a protest 
 against the Sugar Act. 
 
 " Of the foreign vessels, one hundred and fifty are annually 
 employed in the West India trade, which import into this 
 colony about fourteen thousand hogsheads of molasses, whereof 
 a quantity, not less than twenty-five hundred hogsheads, is 
 from English islands. It is this quantity of molasses which 
 serves as an engine in the hands of the merchant to effect the 
 great purpose of paying for British manufactures ; for a part 
 of it is exported to the Massachusetts Bay, to New York and 
 Pennsylvania, to pay for British goods, for provisions, and 
 many articles which compose our West India cargoes ; and 
 part to other colonies, southward of these last mentioned, for 
 such commodities as serve for a remittance immediately to 
 Europe, such as rice, naval stores, &c., or such as are necessary 
 to enable us to carry on our commerce. The remainder, (be- 
 sides what is consumed by the inhabitants,) is distille4Blrito 
 rurn, and exported to Africa." 
 
 Dr. Waterhouse, in an article published in 1824, 
 entitled " Medical Literature of Rhode Island," says 
 of Newport, " It was the chosen resort of the rich and 
 philosophic, from nearly all quarters of the world.' 
 He then adds : 
 
 " There were more complete chemical laboratories in Rhode 
 Island, than were to be found anywhere in Massachusetts prior 
 to fifteen years ago. If it be asked, what were they doing in 
 Philadelphia at this time? we answer, nothing, if we except 
 Franklin's exhibition of electricity. There was then no con- 
 siderable library, public or private, except one owned by Wil- 
 liam Logan, Esq., another wealthy and generous patron of 
 literature among the Quakers the Abraham Redwood of Penn-
 
 16 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 sylvania. Is it asked, what were they doing in the medical 
 and philosophical line in Boston at this time 1 Pelting Dr. 
 Boylston with stones as he paused the streets in the day, and break- 
 ing his windows at night, for introducing inoculation for small pox. 
 What were they doing at Cambridge between 1721 and 1754 1 
 ask your grandfathers and what were they doing in Rhode 
 Island \ Reading the best collection of books to be found in 
 New England, (Cambridge only excepted,) which gave to 
 Newport a literary cast of character which it sustained until 
 the Revolution ; that is, till their distinguished men were 
 scattered." 
 
 Up to the war of 1812, Newport dragged slowly 
 along ; her commerce gradually improved, and her 
 merchants, in a measure, regained lost ground. Of 
 later years, the Island has become th resort of thou- 
 sands during the summer, and it once more presents 
 a gay and animated appearance. Hundreds of beau- 
 tiful buildings have been erected during the past five 
 years ; the taxable property has increased over a 
 million of dollars ; and it is now esteemed a favor to 
 obtain a fine site for a house at so much a foot, where 
 a few seasons ago the same money would have pur- 
 chfced acres of the most desirable land. Some of 
 the changes that have been effected in the appearance 
 of Newport, we shall point out in the following pages.
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 NEWPORT HARBOR. FORT ADAMS. CASTLE HILL. BRENTON's 
 
 BEEF. GRAVES POINT. LILY POND. SPOUTING ROCK. 
 
 F the many beautiful roads 
 leading from Newport, we 
 scarce know which to take for a ride ; but at a venture, 
 will turn southward and drive into Brenton's Neck. 
 
 Leaving the main road beyond the Coddington mill 
 and just opposite the Gas Works, we enter on a road 
 leading nearly west, cross a small stream that winds 
 far up among the grassy slopes, and pass along a quiet 
 beach ; the land gently rising on the left ; and on the 
 right, the bay, harbor and city are spread out to view. 
 On the hill above are the traces of an old redoubt, built 
 during the last war with England, and called Fort 
 Denham. In its day it was a small breastwork, cal- 
 culated fos a few guns to rake the inner harbor, and 
 to keep up the communication between the town and 
 2*
 
 18 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Fort Adams, then a small work on the site of the 
 present fort of the same name. 
 
 A short distance beyond, the road gradually rises 
 to the brow of the hill, where a fine view may be 
 obtained ; and it is well here to pause and gaze upon 
 the scene. The few scattered sails, mirrored in the 
 placid waters, will recall to mind the day when the 
 commerce of Newport was second only to that of 
 Boston ; and the forts on either hand incline one to 
 picture the scenes here enacted in the struggle for 
 Independence. Years before the " Boston Tea Par- 
 ty," Newport resisted England's power. Where rises 
 now the small white building on yonder crescent- 
 shaped island, once the burial place of pirates, the 
 ill-fated sloop " Liberty " was given to the flames by 
 an insulted people. On these waters Percy and 
 Clinton once reigned supreme. Here assembled the 
 fleet of Lord Howe, and here D'Estaing went forth to 
 engage his foe in mortal combat. Here the reckless 
 and cruel Wallace terrified the unarmed inhabitants 
 threatening by day, burning and sacking by night. 
 From this port Burgoyne sailed for England after his 
 memorable defeat, and it was across this Bay that 
 Prescott was rowed by the daring Barton. Here the 
 French brought joy to the hearts o*f the distressed ; 
 here they gayly sang and danced, and here their 
 funeral dirge followed De Ternay to his early grave. 
 Here the privateers that swarmed from this and other 
 ports, found shelter and a market for their prizes. 
 Here Cook's famed ship Endeavor, dismantled, con- 
 demned and left to decay upon the shore. Here 
 Perry, in his gunboats, burned for a nobler field;
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 19 
 
 here the Lexington landed his remains in after years ; 
 and here the Macedonian, prize of the United States, 
 was first brought to anchor beneath the stars and 
 stripes. Or if we turn to Colonial times, we see the 
 little sloop boldly sent out to cope with a lawless 
 rover ; the three small vessels furnished to aid in the 
 capture of Port Royal and the ten or fifteen privateers 
 that joined in the attack on Louisburg. These and 
 many other scenes, alike interesting, have been enacted 
 
 \ 
 
 NEWPORT HARBOR. 
 
 Those who would view it from the finest point, 
 should spend an hour on these gentle slopes. To the 
 north the waters of the Bay are seen reaching far 
 inland, broken by numerous small islands and the 
 sails of vessels passing to and fro. On Goat Island, 
 directly in front of the spectator, stand the remains of 
 Fort Wolcott, originally called Fort Ann, subsequently 
 named Fort George, and at a later period known by its 
 present name. On the island in mid-channel Rose 
 Islands-portions of a considerable fort are still visi-
 
 20 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 ble ; but from long neglect, the breastwork and bar- 
 racks have fallen into complete ruin. Coasters' Har- 
 bor Island is seen to the north, just beyond the city, 
 and the large building rising from its centre is the 
 Asylum of the Poor. There Clarke and his small 
 band of followers landed in 1639, in search of a spot 
 whereon to found a settlement. The beauties of the 
 scene, and the advantages of the land-locked harbor, 
 they could appreciate ; and to clear the swamp where 
 portions of Newport now stand, the aid of their Indian 
 allies was obtained. The large work to the left is 
 Fort Adams. It was commenced in 1814, and up to 
 the close of 1850 had cost the government $1,692,000. 
 With the redoubt at the south, it is calculated to mount 
 four hundred and sixty-eight guns, and will garrison 
 three thousand men. 
 
 The road will take us directly to the Fort. As we 
 approach, we pass over a fine causeway to the east, 
 and here gain another view of the city. But pause a 
 moment, leave the road, and descend to the shore of 
 Brenton's Cove, just beyond the government stables, 
 where the best view may be obtained. The tall and 
 delicate spires of the Churches cut sharp against the 
 blue sky ; the public buildings stand out in noble 
 relief; and the line of houses, as they rise one above 
 another on the hill-side, are broken by open grounds 
 and clusters of shade trees. Each spot on which the 
 eye may chance to rest, recalls some event that trans- 
 pired there in earlier times. 
 
 Entering the main work from the east, we at once 
 open on the parade ground covering not less than 
 eleven acres where, on Tuesday and Friday, in the
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 21 
 
 summer, at 6 P. M., when there are troops stationed 
 here, the band plays for an hour At such times the 
 vehicles of visitors drive round and round the square, 
 an endless chain, in the centre of which the band 
 stand, filling the air with delightful music. 
 
 Leaving the Fort for a wider scope, we again take 
 the road leading west. A short distance from the 
 first gate, stands a dark house with brick ends. It is 
 all that remains of one of the most noted dwellings in 
 the early history of the Island. It was built by Gov. 
 William Brenton, who then owned nearly the whole 
 Neck; and the grounds through which the road now 
 winds, were adorned with rare and costly plants, 
 gravel walks, groves and bowers, and all that wealth and 
 a refined taste could obtain in this and foreign lands. 
 
 The road passes through several fine farms, to the 
 last the Castle Hill Farm on the western shore of 
 the Neck. Passing through the farmyard, the road 
 leads directly to the beach, where fine breakers may 
 at all times be seen. 
 
 The rising ground to the right is surmounted by a 
 rampart that once was garrisoned, but now it can 
 scarcely be distinguished from the inequalities of the 
 surrounding earth. It still retains the name of Castle 
 Hill. 
 
 The water at the base of these rocks is twenty-nine 
 fathoms in depth, and during the spring and fall this 
 is the resort of the tautog fishers. 
 
 A short distance to the south, and extending a mile 
 into the sea, Brenton's Reef shows its dangerous 
 rocks, its entire length traced by the breakers that 
 continually tumble over the higher points. The boat-
 
 22 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 men find fish abundant along these rocks, but it re- 
 quires skill and experience to approach a shore so 
 treacherous. The grass has not yet grown over the 
 graves of four unfortunate seamen who here perished 
 with their vessel. 
 
 Beyond the reef, and some three miles from land, 
 rides the lightboat Brenton's Reef ; and in the extreme 
 
 distance, 
 
 " Veiled in thin mist of softest blue," 
 
 one easily discerns the outlines of Point Judith and 
 Block Island. 
 
 The next point of interest along this shore is 
 Grave's Point, so named from the graves of two un- 
 known men who were there washed ashore, and were 
 buried where 
 
 " No tears but the spray wet the mariner's grave, 
 And the sea breathes for ever his dirge." 
 
 In returning we take the old road, which turns off 
 at a point east of Fort Adams, on the top of the hill, 
 and comes out near the 
 
 LILY POND,
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 23 
 
 A favorite spot and the largest sheet of spring 
 water on the Island. From the hill, over which the 
 road winds, the view is ever pleasing. The pond is 
 placed between picturesque hills those on the left 
 abound with trees gently fallin gto the shingle on the 
 south, known as the Rocky Farm beach. 
 
 The waters of Lily Pond are famous for perch, 
 great numbers of which are taken by the angler an 
 hour before and after dusk ; fishing from banks that 
 are fragrant with wild flowers, and casting his hook 
 beneath the matted leaves of the pond lily that rise 
 to the surface on every hand. 
 
 " Bright and queen-like the array 
 Of Lilies in their crystal bed : 
 Like chalices for Beauty's lip* 
 Their snowy cones half open lie, 
 The dewxlrops of the mom to sip, 
 But close to day's intrusive eye." 
 
 Beyond the Lily Pond, looking seaward, there is a 
 view of Gooseberry Island, with its picturesque 
 groups of stunted sumacs, and its barriers of dark 
 rocks, here and there whitened by the breaking 
 waves , and far off on the horizon are seen the sails 
 of vessels passing east and west a fairer scene on a 
 quiet summer's day one is seldom permitted to enjoy. 
 
 From the Lily Pond the road to the left leads to 
 the Beach, and on the extreme end of the point, on 
 the same hand, will be found the far famed Spouting 
 Cave. 
 
 One may approach it at this season to hear the surf 
 beating against the sides of the inmost caverns, but 
 to see it spout volumes of water from the " horn" as 
 it is sometimes called it must be visited after a
 
 24 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 SPOUTING CAVE. 
 
 tempest from the SE., during the winter or spring 
 months. At such times, when the whole ocean, as far 
 as the eye can reach, is lashed into fury, and the 
 breakers dash against the rocks with a force that makes 
 the whole earth tremble, the spray mounts in clouds, 
 and all who venture too near, are wet with mist. 
 Then, when all nature is in commotion, the Spouting 
 Gave catches the wild spirit and adds its thunder to 
 awe the more hardy, should they approach its mouth. 
 The waves madly sporting on the shore, rush with' 
 terrific fury through its open throat into the bowels 
 of the rock ; there meeting a wall of adamant, 
 chafed, torn and shivered, they find vent above in a 
 jet .of foam that darts far upward in the air, and 
 spreads its whitening mist on all around. Man gazes
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 25 
 
 on the ocean appalled. The sky is dark and lower- 
 ing, the earth quivers beneath his feet, the waters 
 give an angry roar and again rush headlong to the 
 shore, as if to annihilate the very rocks that oppose 
 their way. 
 
 Who can gaze upon the quiet ripple of to-day, and 
 feel without awe, that nature can in a moment change 
 her peaceful lullaby for the storm king's awful notes ! 
 3
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 CITY HALL. WASHINGTON SQUARE. COM. PERRY'S HOUSE. 
 
 ZION CHURCH. CENTRAL BAPTIST CHURCH. DR. STILES. 
 
 NEWPORT ARTILLERY. VERNON MANSION HOUSE. HON. 
 
 WM. VERNON. LANDING OF WASHINGTON AND RECEPTION 
 BY ROCHAMBEAU. ILLUMINATION OF THE TOWN- 
 
 AT the head of Long Wharf and facing the Parade, 
 stands the City Hall, a brick building of good 
 proportions and dating back to 1763. It was erected 
 as a public market and granary, and by the older 
 inhabitant, is still called the " Granary." For a 
 number of years the upper story was used as a 
 Theatre ; subsequently it was renovated and con- 
 verted into a public hall, now known as the City Hall,
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 27 
 
 The lower story has always been devoted to a mar- 
 ket and the watch-house. 
 
 The large building opposite to the City Hall, making 
 the south corner of the Parade and Thames Street, has 
 been lately erected, and is on the site of a house now 
 removed to Bridge Street. It was owned by Dr. Isaac 
 Senter, and was occupied by him during his residence 
 in Newport. 
 
 Dr. Senter was born at Londonderry, N. H., about 
 1753, and for the first seventeen years of his life he 
 lived on his father's farm. Up to that time he liad no 
 knowledge of books ; but meeting with a few stray 
 volumes, he eagerly devoured their contents, sought 
 means to obtain a further supply, and soon became a 
 giant in study. He first studied medicine in New- 
 port, with whom it is not certain ; but the impression 
 of one who knew him is, that it was with Dr. Gray, 
 who practised here at that time. Dr. Senter soon 
 became distinguished in his profession, in Europe as 
 well as in the United States, and for many years he 
 was a regular correspondent of the Royal Society of 
 Medicine. His remains were interred in the North 
 Burying Ground, near the west gate. 
 
 On the right hand, turning up the Parade, we enter 
 Washington Square. On the left, and at the foot of 
 the Mall, there is a granite fountain that discharges 
 pure spring water at all seasons. On each side of it 
 is a cannon planted as a post. These were taken from 
 the British privateer Tartar, captured 1779. The 
 triangular piece of ground containing about an acre, 
 enclosed by a white paling and studded with fine 
 shade trees, is the Mall, and the only place in the
 
 28 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 city where young children can play and enjoy the air 
 without danger from passing vehicles. 
 
 On the south side of Washington Square, a few 
 doors from Thames Street, stands the house where 
 Commodore Perry resided after the battle of Lake 
 Erie. It is a large square building, erected before 
 the Revolution by a Mr. Levy, a Jew, and contains a 
 wide hall, fine large rooms, and is elaborately finished 
 within. A view of it is given at the head of this 
 chapter. The house is at present owned and occu- 
 pied by Mrs, Perry, widow of the Commodore. 
 
 Oliver Hazard Perry, son of Chris. Raymond Perry, 
 was born in Narragansett, Aug. 23d, 1785, and when 
 thirteen years of age he entered the service as mid- 
 shipman, on board the sloop-of-war General Greene, 
 commanded at that time by his father, but his warrant 
 was not dated until the following year. On the break- 
 ing out of the Tripolitan war, he was ordered to join 
 the Adams, commanded by Capt. Campbell, with 
 whom he continued until Commodore Preble was 
 superseded by Commodore Morris, when he returned 
 in the frigate New York to the United States. It 
 was during this cruise that he was promoted to an 
 acting lieutenancy. In 1804 he joined the squadron 
 at Malta, where he remained until the conclusion of 
 the peace with Tripoli, when Com. Rogers shifted 
 his flag from the Constitution to the Essex, and took 
 Perry with him to the United States in the capacity 
 of second lieutenant. During the Embargo he was 
 employed in building seventeen gunboats at New- 
 port, Rhode Islfind, and in 1810 he superseded Capt. 
 Jones in the command of the United States schooner
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 29 
 
 Revenge, attached to the squadron of -Com. Rogers, 
 lying at New London. The schooner was lost on 
 Watch Hill Reef; a court of inquiry investigated all 
 the facts of the case, by whom the conduct of the 
 commanding officer was highly applauded. In 1811 
 Capt. Perry married Miss Mason, daughter of the 
 late Dr. Mason, of Newport. On the breaking out of 
 the late war with Great Britain, he was ordered to 
 take command of the United States flotilla lying at 
 Newport; and in February, 1813, he was appointed, 
 with rank of master commander, to the command of 
 the United States naval force on Lake Erie. 
 
 For a truthful and eloquent account of the Battle 
 of Lake Erie, the reader is referred to an oration de- 
 livered at the celebration of the fortieth anniversary 
 of the Tenth of September, by Hon. Geo. H. Cal- 
 vert. 
 
 In 1819 Com. Perry was dispatched with the sloop- 
 of-war John Adams and schooner Nonsuch, on a mis- 
 sion to Angostura, the seat of the Insurgent Govern- 
 ment on the Main. While on his way in the Non- 
 such from the mouth of the Orinoco, to join the John 
 Adams at Trinidad, he was taken with the yellow 
 fever, and expired before he reached the latter vessel. 
 He was buried at Trinidad with funeral honors, and 
 in 1826 the remains were brought to Newport in the 
 sloop-of-war Lexington, and landed at Overing's 
 wharf, Nov. 27th. The following Monday, Dec. 4th, 
 they were interred with honors due to his rank and 
 services. Since then the State has erected a hand- 
 some monument to the memory of the departed hero. 
 It stands on the west side of the Island Cemetery, 
 3*
 
 30 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 and is composjed of a shaft of granite on a square 
 pedestal that rises from a grassy mound. On the four 
 sides of the pedestal there are appropriate inscrip- 
 tions, and at the base rest the remains of Commodore 
 Perry and three of his children. 
 
 THE PERRY MONUMENT. 
 
 Passing up Washington Square, we arrive at Zion 
 Church, a modern pile with a Grecian portico. It is 
 an Episcopal Church, and in the most flourishing 
 condition. But recently it has been much improved, 
 by extending the rear of the building so as to admit 
 of a wider space around the chancel, and a conven- 
 ient vestry room has also been added. The rector is 
 Rev. Mr. Childs. 
 
 We enter Clarke Street for a moment to examine 
 the Central Baptist Church. The building was 
 erected by the Second Congregational Society in 
 1733 or 1735, and at the time the British took pos- 
 session of the Island, it was under the pastoral 
 charge of Rev. Dr. Stiles, afterward President of 
 Yale College. 
 
 Dr. Stiles was regularly installed pastor of the 
 Church Oct., 1755, and he immediately entered upon 
 the duties of his office with that ardor and industry
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 31 
 
 which characterized all his undertakings. Soon after 
 his settlement he was appointed librarian of the Red- 
 wood Library, and his interest in that institution was 
 unabated during his lifetime. Within its quiet walls 
 he spent much o/ his time, and through his instru- 
 mentality the collection was greatly enlarged. It 
 was his proposition that a collection of Theological 
 books be made, and, aided by Rev. Dr. West, of Dart- 
 mouth, he commenced the laborious undertaking. 
 Many of the books purchased at his suggestion bear 
 his marginal notes. 
 
 The life of Dr. Stiles, during his residence on this 
 Island, was marked by the most exalted love of reli- 
 gion, unwearied assiduity, and a uniform regularity 
 in all the walks of life. His memory was retentive, 
 and at all times exhibited an extraordinary degree of 
 activity. He was ever engaged in study, and early 
 in life attained a high reputation for his learning, 
 eloquence and piety. He was a constant reader of 
 works of a philosophical character, delighted in sci- 
 entific experiments, and for the better cultivation of 
 this taste, he carried on an extensive correspondence 
 with learned men in this and foreign countries. With 
 Dr. Franklin he was intimate, and through the influ- 
 ence of the latter the degree of D. D. was conferred 
 upon him by the University of Edinburgh. As a 
 teacher of youth, Dr. Stiles was eminently success- 
 ful. He instilled into their minds a love of books, 
 and by his parental care won the confidence and 
 esteem of all who were intrusted to him. 
 
 Dr. Stiles died at New Haven, May 12th, 1795, 
 after an illness of only a few days.
 
 32 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 From the Newport Mercury, of 1767, we extract 
 the following, as giving a lively picture of the manner 
 in which a clergyman's salary was paid when money 
 was scarce and only to be obtained by the few. 
 
 " Last Wednesday thirty-seven young ladies of this town 
 made the Rev. Dr. Stiles's lady a visit. They sent their 
 wheels, and carried flax enough for a moderate day's spinning, 
 having agreed to have no trial who should spin most, but to 
 spin good fine yarn, and as much as they could without 
 fatiguing themselves ; and accordingly they spent the day in 
 a very agreeable, industrious manner ; and at sunset made 
 Mrs* Stiles a present of about one hundred 15-knotted skeins 
 of yarn fine enough for shirts for the best gentleman in 
 America. 
 
 The Church edifice suffered severely at the hands 
 of the British. All the pews were broken up and 
 destroyed, and a chimney was run up through the 
 centre of the building. After the evacuation it was 
 restored, and was used for public worship. The last 
 who presided over the society was the Rev. Dr. Pat- 
 ten, who was settled over the Church about forty-six 
 years. After his death the society joined the Con- 
 gregational Church in Spring Street, and the Clarke 
 Street Church gradually fell into disuse, until finally 
 it was closed altogether. A few years since it was 
 purchased by the Baptists, ^and a new society the 
 Central Baptist was formed. The building has. 
 undergone many alterations, and all for the better. It 
 has been lengthened and elevated, the whole interior 
 arrangement changed, and the exterior has also been 
 much improved. 
 
 The society is under the charge of Rev. Henry 
 Jackson.
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 33 
 
 The next building south of the Central Baptist 
 Church, is the Armory of the Newport Artillery a 
 distinguished corps that dates from 1741 . This ancient 
 company has always been sustained by the citizens 
 of Newport, and its ranks have been filled by father 
 and son for generations. The Newport Artillery is 
 the body guard of the Governor of the State. 
 
 At the corner of Mary and Clarke Streets stands a 
 venerable building, still in the most perfect order, and 
 promising to resist the stormy winters of another 
 century. Like many others of the class in the city, 
 it is framed of oak, based on a heavy foundation, and 
 elaborately finished within and without. The style, 
 of which it is a fair specimen, was very generally 
 adopted at the period when Newport ranked second 
 only to Boston in commercial prosperity. In those 
 days attention was paid to the materials employed as 
 well as to the general appearance of an edifice, and 
 the merchants, who desired to build, had the means to 
 secure dwellings substantial in construction, elaborate 
 in all the nicer portions, and correct in design. Houses 
 of this description, at the present time, in an excellent 
 state of preservation, give shelter to the children of 
 the fifth and sixth generations. 
 
 The house before us is known as the Vernon Fam- 
 ily Mansion, and was owned and occupied by the late 
 Hon. William Vernon, whose public services require 
 something more than a passing notice. 
 
 In the annals of Rhode Island there are names of 
 greater note than that of William Vernon ; but of all 
 who entered heart and soul into the cause of Freedom, 
 and were most prominent in that fearful struggle for
 
 34 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 VERNON FAMILY MANSION. 
 
 Independence, not one is more deserving of the high- 
 est honors. Had Mr. Vernon taken up arms in the 
 common defense, his name would have found a dis- 
 tinguished place on the page of history ; but his store 
 of knowledge was of infinitely more value to the 
 country than personal prowess. His labors were of 
 the Council ; and as President of the Eastern Navy 
 Board, at Boston, his energies were directed to the 
 formation of a Navy that should battle with the enemy 
 on the ocean a gigantic undertaking for that day, 
 and one that, by the brilliancy of its success, entitles 
 the members of the Board to lasting gratitude. 
 
 When the blow fell upon the Colonies, and every 
 " Son of Freedom " was called upon to take an active 
 part in repelling the common foe, Mr. Vernon relin- 
 quished all private claims, and at once brought his 
 extensive knowledge of mercantile and marine afiairs
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 35 
 
 to the aid of the government ; and to his unflinching 
 devotion to Liberty, personal sacrifices and extraordi- 
 nary exertions, America, under Providence, owes 
 much of her success upon the sea. And but for his 
 systematic arrangement of all business transactions, 
 whether of a public or private nature, the world could 
 not have known the extent of his usefulness, or the 
 debt of gratitude due to his memory. His services 
 for years were given to the country without charge, 
 notwithstanding his large estate, acquired through 
 numerous enterprises previous to the war, was greatly- 
 reduced by the events of those trying times. Of these 
 losses, he says in one of his letters under date of Oct. 
 10, 1778: 
 
 " If we establish our rights and liberty upon a firm and 
 lasting basis, on the winding up of this bloody contest, I am 
 content ; although I own if I could come at the property our 
 enemies are possessed of, belonging to me, it would increase 
 the pleasure, i do assure you it is no less a sum than twelve 
 thousand pounds stg., at least, besides my real estate at New- 
 port ; yet I can with truth say it never broke my rest a mo- 
 ment." 
 
 At the close of the war, Mr. Vernon again entered 
 on a commercial life, and he continued his devotion 
 to it almost to the day of his death, which event 
 occurred at the Mansion House Dec. 22d, 1806, hav- 
 ing nearly closed his 87th year. 
 
 During his lifetime, Hon. Wm. Vernon was asso- 
 ciated with the most eminent men in the country, and 
 was in familiar correspondence with La Fayette, 
 Adams, Viscount Noaille, Franklin, and other men of 
 note in his day. He was a great friend of learning, 
 and was appointed President of the Redwood Library 
 ou the death of its founder and first President ; and
 
 36 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED 
 
 the Second Congregational Church owed much to his 
 liberality. 
 
 During the time the British were in possession of 
 the Island, the Vernon house, in common with others, 
 was occupied by troops, and it was only on the evac- 
 uation that it was restored to the rightful owner. 
 When the French fleet arrived, it was made the head- 
 quarters of Count Rochambeau, who here entertained 
 Washington at the time of his first visit to Newport. 
 
 Gen. Washington, on that occasion, was received 
 at the ferry in Jamestown, by the Admiral's barge, 
 and conducted on board his ship. Of his landing in 
 Newport there are several accounts all more or less 
 incorrect. The following was given to us by an eye- 
 witness, who still lives to relate the details of an 
 event which was hailed with joy by the inhabitants 
 of the town. 
 
 Washington landed at Barney's Ferry the corner 
 of the Long Wharf and Washington Street. The 
 French troops formed a close line, three deep on 
 either side, from the ferry house up the Long Wharf 
 and Washington Square to Clarke Street, where it 
 turned at a right angle and continued to Rochambeau's 
 head-quarters. The following night the town was 
 illuminated. At that time the inhabitants were pov- 
 erty stricken, and comparatively few were able to 
 take part in the joyful ceremony ; but that all should 
 share in the honors paid so distinguished a visitor, 
 the Town Council ordered that candles should be 
 purchased, and given to all who were too much dis- 
 tressed, through continued losses, to purchase for 
 themselves ; so that every house should show a light.
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 37 
 
 The procession was led off by thirty boys, bearing 
 candles fixed on staffs, followed by Gen. Washington, 
 Count Rochambeau and the other officers, their aids 
 and the profession of citizens. The night was clear, 
 and there was not a breath to fan the torches. The 
 brilliant procession marched through the principal 
 streets, and then returned to the head-quarters. On 
 reaching the door, Washington waited on the step 
 until all the officers and their friends had entered the 
 house ; then, turning to the boys who had acted as 
 torch-bearers, he thanked them for their attention. 
 This was glory enough for the young patriots. 
 
 An anecdote is related of Washington at this time. 
 A little boy had heard so much of Washington, that 
 he conceived a strong desire to see him. His father, 
 to gratify his wish, lifted him in his arms and ap- 
 proached an open window, near which Washington 
 stood, whom he pointed out. The child was amazed, 
 and exclaimed aloud : " Why, father, Gen. Washing- 
 ton is a man !" It reached the ear of the hero, who 
 turned round and said, as he patted the boy on the 
 head : " Yes, my lad, and nothing but a man." 
 
 This anecdote has been repeatedly told, but it has 
 not been properly located until now. 
 4
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 THE STATE HOUSE AND PARADE. STUART'S PICTURE OF WASH' 
 
 INGTON. JUDGE LIGKTFOOT. 
 
 T)ETURNING to Washington Square, and crossing 
 J-u the Mall, we approach the 
 
 STATE HOUSE, 
 
 a building of fine proportions, and one worthy of note 
 tor the taste and judgment displayed in its- adornment. 
 The edifice faces the Parade, and stands on a high 
 foundation of freestone. It is built of brick, with 
 window caps and other projections of freestone. Over 
 the front there is a fine clock,* recently put up in 
 
 * This clock will be nightly illuminated ns soon as a proper 
 dial can be fitted to it.
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED.. 39 
 
 place of one that had served to mark the hours for 
 seventy years. The roof is surmounted by a cupola, 
 in which there is a bell. The building stands in an 
 open square, and we may enter from the north, south 
 or west, by a lofty flight of steps. The west is the 
 principal entrance. From these steps the late Major 
 John Handy read the Declaration of Independence on 
 the 20th of July, 1776, and at the expiration of fifty 
 years he read it again from the same place, on which 
 occasion the steps and the balcony above were deco- 
 rated with wreaths of flowers. 
 
 The State House was used as a hospital in succes- 
 sion by the British and French troops. After the 
 glass was destroyed, the windows were battened up, 
 leaving only a small opening, with a slide, for air ; 
 and in the lower room, against the south door, the 
 French erected an altar, where the services of the 
 Roman Catholic Church were performed for the sick 
 and dying. 
 
 The last time that Washington visited Newport, a 
 dinner was given in honor of the occasion. The 
 table was spread the entire length of the lower floor 
 of the State House. The citizens generally contrib- 
 uted to the entertainment, freely loaning their plate, 
 and nearly every family could contribute a portion. 
 The salvers, dishes, covers, goblets, pitchers, and 
 knives and forks, were all of silver, and these, together 
 with a profusion of cut glass, gave the table an ele- 
 gant appearance. 
 
 The lower floor is one large hall, and here, when 
 under the town form of government, all voting on 
 public questions took place. It is still used on occa-
 
 40 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 sion of large gatherings. The second story is reached 
 by a wide flight of stairs. The north room is used 
 as the Representative Hall ; it is commodious and 
 well arranged. It is here also that the United States 
 Courts hold their sessions. The south room, the 
 Senate Chamber, is small, and the walls are too dark 
 to appear well. 
 
 In the Senate Chamber there is a fine full length 
 portrait of Washington, by' Stuart, which was pre- 
 sented to the town by that great painter. The por- 
 trait is one of Stuart's finest works, and is highly 
 valued by the inhabitants. To preserve it from injury, 
 it is protected by a glass case. 
 
 In front of the State House is the Parade, a large 
 and beautiful square, neatly paved, and bordered on 
 the north by a row of fine old fashioned houses, and 
 on the south by the trees in the Mall. The street 
 leading from it to the north is Broad Street, and con- 
 nects with the main road. Portions of Broad Street 
 are shaded by a fine growth of elms, which, in some 
 places, nearly meet overhead. 
 
 The house opposite the State House, and almost 
 fronting it, now occupied by Mr. Stephen Albro's 
 grocery, was once the residence of Judge Lightfoot, 
 one of the most distinguished members of the R. I. 
 Bar in early colonial times. 
 
 Robert Lightfoot came to Newport in 1716, from 
 England, for his health, and was so charmed with 
 the Island that he designed to spend the remainder 
 of his days here. He was a graduate of Oxford, and 
 was appointed Judge of Vice-Admiralty in the South- 
 ern District of the United States, under George II.,
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 41 
 
 an office which he resigned. It is said of him that 
 he was an accomplished classical scholar, and his 
 intellectual acquirements were very extensive. 
 
 Judge Lightfoot was a great epicure ; and it is 
 related of him by his biographer, that after dinner a 
 few glasses of wine were necessary, and then followed 
 the '' feast of reason and the flow of soul." Disquisi- 
 tions on various subjects, historic incidents and lively 
 anecdotes ; and after the company were withdrawn 
 from the table, Hudibras was occasionally introduced, 
 and Lightfoot read in his inimitable style, and dis- 
 coursed upon the times and character delineated in 
 the poem. 
 
 Judge Lightfoot removed to Plainfield, Conn., 
 where he died. His daughter survived him many- 
 years, and died in Newport. 
 4*
 
 CHAPTER VL 
 
 CHURCH STREET. RESIDENCE OF REV. JAMES HONYMAN. JAMES 
 
 HONYMAN, ESQ. MRS. COWLEY's ASSEMBLY ROOM. BALL GIV- 
 EN BY THE FRENCH OFFICERS. BALL GIVEN BY THE CITIZENS 
 
 TO WASHINGTON AND ROCHAMBEAU. BALL GIVEN TO PRESI- 
 DENT WASHINGTON TRINITY CHURCH. FUNERAL OF CHEVA- 
 LIER DE TERNAY. RECTORS OF TRINITY CHURCH. DESTRUC- 
 TION OF THE ALTAR PIECE AFTER THE EVACUATION. BISHOP 
 BERKELEY. 
 
 E pass up Church Street, but not without pausing 
 to note the objects on the way. 
 
 The house making the south corner of Church and 
 Thames Streets, now occupied by B. Mason Ham- 
 mett, was owned and occupied by Rev. James Hony- 
 man, who was rector of Trinity Church so early as 
 1704. He was appointed missionary, .and sent over 
 to this station by the " Society for propagating the 
 Gospel in Foreign Parts," and brought with him, as 
 a present to the church, a valuable library of the best 
 theological books of that day. Many of these books 
 are still in the possession of the church. Mr. Hony- 
 man served the society for nearly fifty years, and was 
 instrumental of much good. 
 
 The house at that day presented an appearance 
 similar to many then in use. The windows were 
 glazed with diamond panes in frames of lead, and 
 unique window casings, and the whole exterior,
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 43 
 
 shaded by heavy projections, was painted a bright 
 red color. 
 
 James Honyman, Esq., son of the rector, resided 
 with his father. He was elevated in the profession 
 of the law at an early age, and held many important 
 offices. In his 28th year he was elected Attorney 
 General of the colony, which office he held for a 
 number of years, and was subsequently King's Attor- 
 ney for the County of Newport. Mr. Honyman was 
 also one of the committee on the Eastern Boundary 
 question, and was one of the counsel who argued the 
 case in behalf of Rhode Island, before the Commis- 
 sioner appointed by the Crown, at Providence, in 
 1741. After resigning his seat in the Senate, he was 
 appointed Advocate General of the Court of Vice- 
 Admiralty in the colony, but on the breaking out of 
 the difficulties with the mother country, he delivered 
 his commission to the Governor, at the request of the 
 Legislature, to be lodged in the Secretary's office. 
 As a speaker, Mr. Honyman is described as elabo- 
 rate ; in deportment, as dignified ; and his practice 
 was both extensive and profitable. 
 
 The third building on the right bearing visibly 
 the marks of age in all its parts, yet straining, as it 
 were, to keep up an appearance of respectability, 
 under a coat of whitewash was in earlier times the 
 assembly room of Newport, and was kept by Mrs. 
 Cowley, who, a hundred years ago, was known to all 
 the region round. 
 
 In the second story, now subdivided into numerous 
 small apartments, one can trace the size and shape of 
 the hall which was then enlivened by the distin-
 
 44 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 guished at home and abroad. Here Prince De Bro- 
 glio, Count de Segur, Count De Vauhan, and many 
 other officers attached to the Count De Rochambeau's 
 army, gave a ball to the ladies and gentlemen of 
 Newport. One who was present makes the following 
 record of the brilliant affair : 
 
 " The room was ornamented in an exceedingly splendid 
 manner, and by the judicious arrangement of the various deco- 
 rations, exhibited a sight beautiful beyond expression, and 
 showed the great taste and delicacy of .Monsieur De Zoteux, 
 one of the aids of the Baron De Viomenil A superb collation 
 was served, and the ceremonies of the evening were conducted 
 with so much propriety and elegance, that it gave the highest 
 satisfaction to all who had the honor to be present." 
 
 It was here that the citizens of Newport gave a 
 ball in honor of Washington and Rochambeau, and 
 on this occasion Washington opened the ball. The 
 dance selected by his partner was " A Successful 
 Campaign," then in high favor ; and the French offi- 
 cers took the instruments from the musicians, and 
 played while he danced the first figure with one of 
 the most beautiful and fascinating of Newport's many 
 belles. These sketches, by her grandson, were pre- 
 pared in the room in which her parents entertained 
 Washington at tea on the day of the ball. 
 
 And here, when peace was declared, and Washing- 
 ton was our President, another entertainment was 
 made for him by the inhabitants ; at which time the 
 hall was dressed with great taste, and the dancing 
 was opened with Washington's March. 
 
 Passing up the street a short distance, we enter 
 the yard of Trinity Church. Here every spot is 
 planted with graves ; the very walks and steps sepul-
 
 TRINITY CHURCH.
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 45 
 
 cher the dead. Many who took an active part in 
 colonial times, here find a common resting-place. 
 The first grave as we enter, on the left, is that of 
 Nathaniel Kay, Esq., Collector of the King's Customs, 
 who in his will handsomely endowed the church. 
 Here the remains ol the Chevalier De Fayelle, aid- 
 de-camp to La Fayette, found a resting-place ; here 
 Bishop Berkeley resigned an infant daughter to the 
 earth; and there, by the church side, covered by a 
 few boards to preserve it from further injury, stands a 
 monument erected at the charge- of royalty over the 
 remains of the Chevalier De Ternay. One who still 
 lives to converse upon the past, well remembers the 
 pageant on the burial of that lamented soldier. He 
 was in the chamber where De Ternay died, when 
 the body was placed in the coffin, and followed the 
 cortege the most imposing ever witnessed in these 
 streets to the grave, where the priests, nine in num- 
 ber, chanted the funeral service, and the sailors who 
 bore the corse slowly resigned it to the earth. 
 
 The monument is composed of a large, and once 
 beautiful, slab of Egyptian marble. The inscription 
 was in gold. It was designed for the interior of the 
 church, but as no suitable place could be found for it 
 within the walls, it was placed nearly over the grave, 
 where it has gradually cracked and fallen away. 
 
 The venerable church now numbers one hundred 
 and twenty-eight years, and occupies the site of the 
 first Episcopal church erected on the Island. We 
 have not room for its long list of rectors, and to speak 
 of their good deeds would be to fill a volume ; but we 
 cannot refrain from making mention here of one or
 
 46 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 two who were prominent in their day, and whose 
 names will long be remembered in Rhode Island. 
 
 Mr. Honyman, the first rector, was instrumental in 
 building the present edifice. He labored long and 
 faithfully, with a salary cf but 70 a year. In 1750 
 he was gathered to his fathers, and on the west side 
 of the yard his tombstone, still may be seen. 
 
 It was during the ministry of Mr. Honyman, that 
 Dean Berkeley visited Newport. The Dean often 
 officiated at Trinity Church. He was deeply inter- 
 ested in the society, and on his return to Dublin, in 
 1733, he presented the church with an organ, some 
 account of which will be found on another page. 
 
 Rev. Marmaduke Brown, prior to the Revolution, 
 also officiated at this church with much success. He 
 was a native of Ireland, a man esteemed for his tal- 
 ents, learning and religion ; and after his death, in 
 1771, his son, born in Rhode Island, and then Senior 
 Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin, caused the monu- 
 ment to be erected on the north side of the chancel 
 to the memory of his father and mother. 
 
 During the close of the last, and the opening of the 
 present, century, Rev. Theodore Dehon, afterward 
 Bishop of South Carolina, was at the head of the 
 society. It was during his ministry that the affairs 
 of the church were placed in a prosperous state ; and 
 of the harmqriy and Christian fellowship that prevailed 
 we have an evidence in the fund of ten thousand 
 dollars, then raised in the society and invested, the 
 interest to be applied to the payment of the minister's 
 salary. 
 
 In later times, Rev. Salmon Wheaton presided over
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 47 
 
 the society a period of thirty years, followed by Rev. 
 Dr. Vinton, now of Brooklyn, N. Y., and Rev. J. H. 
 Black, who is the minister at the present time. 
 
 The late Major Bull remarks : 
 
 t 
 
 " A few days after the British left Newport, some young men 
 of the town, and among them two American officers, entered 
 the church and despoiled it of the altar-piece, consisting of the 
 King's arms, the lion and the unicorn. They were highly or- 
 namental, and were placed against the great east window. 
 After trampling them under foot, they were carried to the'North 
 Battery, and set up for a, target to fire at. The other emblems 
 of royalty being out of reach, were suffered to remain. They 
 consist of one royal crown on the spire, and another on the top 
 of the organ. However little the present generation may care 
 for baubles of that kind, still, the antiquity of these ornaments 
 and the propriety of them in the day when they were put up, 
 make them still interesting as indicating, at the first view, to 
 the stranger, the antiquity of the structure which contained 
 them and splendid for the days and country in which it was 
 erected. This structure has never been subjected to the hand 
 of modem vandalism. The interior of the church is now the 
 same as when Dean Berkeley preached in it, with the exception 
 of the longitudinal enlargement, and the pulpit is now the 
 only one in America ever graced by the occupancy of that dis- 
 tinguished prelate. The church was at that time we are speak- 
 ing of without & minister. As it had been nursed by the High 
 Church party in England, it was unpopular with the mass of 
 the people, who were writhing under the scourge inflicted by 
 that very party. The church edifice, too, had been spared by 
 those invaders who worshipped in it, while the other places in 
 the town they had desecrated by convening them into tiding 
 schools or hospitals and every part of them but the shells 
 they had demolished." 
 
 Passing up Church Street, we come to the Masonic 
 Lodge, a large building, situated at the corner of School 
 Street, and facing the west. It was erected in 1804. 
 The hall on the lower floor is used for exhibitions, 
 balls and other amusements ; and one of the side 
 rooms is occupied by the Newport Historical Society, 
 as a place of deposit for their collections. 
 
 Turning off at this point, and passing through School 
 Street to the corner of Mary Street, we have Trinity
 
 48 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Church school-house on the one hand, and on the 
 other the house in which the late William Ellery 
 Channing, Esq., was born in 1751. 
 
 Wm. E. Channing was one of the earliest Attorney 
 Generals of Rliode Island. He was a delegate to 
 the Continental Congress, an opponent of the paper 
 money party, and a devoted Federalist. Well read in 
 the law, and interested in politics, he rose to distin- 
 guished eminence, and at the time of his death he 
 held the offices of General and District Attorney. 
 
 The late Hon. Asher Robins says of Mr. Channing, 
 in a communication to his biographer : 
 
 " His manner of speaking at the bar was rapid, vehement 
 and impressive ; never studied nor exactly methodical in his 
 pleadings ; but he always came well prepared as to matter and 
 authority. He . had an extensive practice, attended all the 
 Courts of the State regularly, and was considered for several 
 years before his death as the leading counsel of the State. He 
 died, I think, at about forty, and after a short illness." 
 
 And his domestic traits are thus recorded by his 
 father-in-law, the late Hon. Win. Ellery: 
 
 " The law of kindness and benevolence was in his heart and 
 on his tongue. The persons employed by him as domestics, 
 and in other services, he treated with great humanity, and 
 rewarded with a liberal punctuality. He was an obedient and 
 respectful son, and a most affectionate brother and friend. To 
 the poor he was compassionate. The needy never turned away 
 from his house empty. His table and his purse were always 
 open to their wants, and his munificence was ever accompa- 
 nied with a sweetness in the manner, which doubled the obli- 
 gation of gratitude."
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 EASTON'S BEACH. BATHING. PURGATORY. SACHUEST POINT. 
 CAPTURE OF THK PIGOT BY MAJOR TALBOT. TAUTOG FISH- 
 ING. BASS FISHING. 
 
 HIS is the season to 
 enjoy the walks along 
 the cliffs and beaches. 
 Long absent friends 
 have Returned to hear 
 again the surf break- 
 ing on the shore, and 
 strangers,too, by thou- 
 
 journing, who are pre- 
 pared to participate in all that has the charm of novelty 
 and to embrace every means calculated to relax the 
 mind and strengthen the body. Let us, with these, 
 stroll along the shore far an hour, and it may be that 
 we shall derive both pleasure and profit from the 
 walk. 
 
 We are on Easton's Beach, a spot that Berkeley and 
 Allston and Malbone and Channing loved to visit. 
 Here they eack, in turn, came for study and medita- 
 tion, undisturbed save by the music of the tumbling 
 surf. Of its influence over his mind, Channing thus 
 made record :
 
 50 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 " In this town I pursued for a time my studies of theology. 
 I had no professor or teacher to guide me ; but I had two noble 
 places of study. One was yonder beautiful edifice, now so 
 frequented and so useful as a public library, then so deserted 
 that 1 spent day aft?i day, and sometimes week after week, 
 amidst its dusty volumes without interruption from a single 
 visitor. The other place was yonder beach, the roar of which 
 hap "o often mingled with the worship of this place, my daily 
 resort, dear to me in the sunshine, still more attractive in the 
 storm. Seldom do I visit it now without thinking of the work, 
 which there, in the sight of that beauty, in the sound of those 
 waves, was carried on in my soul. No spot on earth has helped 
 to form me so much as that beach. There I lifted up my voice 
 in praise amidst the tempest. There, softened by beauty, I 
 poured out my thanksgiving and contrite confessions. There, 
 in reverential sympathy with the mighty power around me, I 
 became concious of power within. There, struggling thoughts 
 and emotions broke forth, as if moved to utterance by nature's 
 eloquence of the winds and waves. There, began a happiness 
 surpassing all worldly pleasure, all gifts of fortune, the happi- 
 ness of communing with the works of God." 
 
 Tuckerman, in a volume of poems, also pays a 
 tribute to Newport beach : 
 
 " Thy breath, majestic Sea, was native air, 
 And thy cool spray, like Nature's baptism, fell 
 Upon my brow, while thy hoarse summons called 
 My childhood's fancy into wonder's realm. 
 Thy boundless azure in youth's landscape shone 
 Like a vast talisman, that oft awoke 
 Visions of distant climes, from weary round 
 Of irksome life to set my spirit free ; 
 And hence, whene'er I greet thy face anew, 
 Familiar tenderness and awe return 
 At the wild conjuration : fondest hopes, 
 And penitential tears and high resolves 
 Are born of musing by Ihe solemn deep. . 
 
 " Then here, enfranchised by the voice of God, 
 0, ponder not, with microscopic eye, 
 What is adjacent, limited and fixed ; 
 But, with high faith gaze forth, and let thy thought 
 With the illimitable scene expand, 
 Until the bond of circumstance is rent, 
 And personal griefs are lost in visions wide 
 Of an eternal .future ! Far away
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 51 
 
 Where looms yon sail, that, like a curlew's wing, 
 Prints the gray sky, are moored enchanted isles 
 Of unimagined beauty, with soft airs 
 And luscious fruitage and unclouded stars ; 
 Where every breeze wafts music, every path 
 By flowers o'erhung, leads to a home of love, 
 And every life is glorified with dreams : 
 And thus beyond thy present destiny, 
 Beyond the inlet where the waves of Time 
 Fret at their barren marge, there spreads a sea 
 More free and tranquil, where the isles of peace 
 Shall yield thy highest aspiration scope, 
 And every sympathy response divine." 
 
 During the summer months, the beach is daily vis- 
 ited by hundreds, who array themselves in fancy 
 costumes, and eagerly plunge into the tumbling surf. 
 Gayly appareled beaux and belles vie in fantastic 
 tricks, making the air ring with their careless laugh ; 
 but the music of their merry voices and the roaring 
 of the surf are occasionally made to play the second 
 part to the screams of some timid girl, who would 
 fain buffet with the waves, did her courage admit. 
 She is vanquished at the outset, and the first wave 
 that caresses her tiny feet banishes for ever her small 
 stock of courage ; while her companions fearlessly 
 ride the billows' snowy crest; now floating- lightly on 
 the ocean's heaving bosom ; now diving beneath the 
 surface, in search of old Neptune's sparkling treasures. 
 Nought will the swimmer there find, save sand smooth 
 and white, or perchance a few shells fringed with 
 delicate coral and many-colored moss. 
 
 Here, as well as on Sachuest Beach, one often 
 sees fishermen drawing their nets for menhaden and 
 blue fish or horse mackerel. The latter are often
 
 52 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 taken in great abundance at the east end of Sachuest 
 Beach. 
 
 Passing over the Beach and the creek connecting 
 Easton's Pond with the ocean, we cross the neck of 
 land that divides the two beaches, and pause upon 
 the bold line of rocks that face the shore. These 
 rocks, called the Bluff, are composed of gray wacke, 
 and many of them have been displased from their 
 original bed by some mighty convulsion of nature. 
 
 BLUFF NEAR PURGATORY. 
 
 Near the northern extremity of the Bluff, and at the 
 highest point, there is a dark chasm, known as Pur- 
 gatory. The general impression is that the rock at 
 this point was divided by some sudden upheaving of 
 the earth, though President Hitchcock has expressed 
 the opinion that it resulted from the washing of the
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 53 
 
 ocean at an early period in the world's history, at 
 which time a larger portion of the earth was submerg- 
 ed, and the less enduring portions of the rock gave 
 way under the action of the sea. Be this as it may, 
 it requires strong nerves to approach the brink and 
 look down into the yawning abyss. By actual measure- 
 ment, the chasm is one hundred and sixty feet in length ; 
 width at top, from eight to fourteen feet ; width at 
 bottom, from two to twenty-four feet; depth at the outer 
 edge, fifty feet; depth of water at low tide, ten feet. 
 
 One side of Purgatory is much higher than the 
 other, and a few persons have been so daring as to 
 leap across it. Two legends are connected with 
 Purgatory. One is that the Devil once rewarded a 
 sinning squaw for her murderous deeds, by throwing 
 her down into the gulf. The foot-prints of His Ma- 
 jesty are still visible in the^rock, and some go so far 
 as to point out the spots of her blood along the bluff. 
 The other story is of a maiden who put the affections 
 of her lover to the test, by requiring him to leap 
 across the opening in the rock from the point where 
 they stood ; declaring that if he did not confirm his 
 vows of love by this act, he should never wed her. 
 The youth, perceiving that she was really in earnest, 
 boldly sprang to the opposite side ; then bowing to 
 the heartless girl, and bidding her a final adieu, he 
 left her on the rock speechless from remorse. 
 
 Passing the second beach, we are on Sachuest 
 Point, the extreme south-east of the Island. The 
 waters on the left hand flow from Mount Hope Bay, 
 and make the East River. 
 
 Here a bold scene was witnessed in 1778. The 
 M
 
 54 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 British were then in possession of the southern portion 
 of the Tsland, and they desired to cut off all communica- 
 tion by sea with other portions of the State. To 
 effect this, a galley was anchored directly in the pas- 
 sage before us, armed with ten eighteen-pounders, 
 besides ten swivels. In addition to this heavy arma- 
 ment, she was protected by a strong boarding netting, 
 and manned by a crew of forty-five men, under Lieut. 
 Dudley. She was called the Pigot. In her position 
 she could do much injury to the American forces by 
 intercepting supplies ; and at last complaints became 
 so general, that Major Talbot conceived the bold 
 project of capturing her. To insure success, he ob- 
 tained a small sloop, called the Hawk, equipped her 
 with two three-pounders and sixty picked men from 
 the various regiments quartered in Providence. The 
 number was subsequently increased to seventy-five. 
 After passing the fort at Bristol Ferry without receiv- 
 ing any injury from the shots fired at him, he anchored 
 in Mount Hope Bay, where he left the vessel in 
 charge of Lieut. Baker, landed and rode down the 
 shore to this point. Here* he carefully inspected the 
 galley. He found her armed at all points, but the 
 result of his inspection was exhibited in a stronger 
 determination to attack her, which resolution he car- 
 ried into effect on a dark night, Nov. 4th, 1778. The 
 attack is thus described by the biographer of Talbot :* 
 
 "As the sloop dropped silently down the river, they lashed 
 a kedge-anchor to the jib-boom, to tear, and at the same time 
 grapple with the nettings of the Pigot. They drifted by the 
 fogland fort under bare poles, without being discovered, 
 
 * " Life of Talbot," by Heury T. Tuckerman.
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 55 
 
 although they saw the sentinel each time he passed the bar- 
 rack light. This was a most auspicious circumstance, for one 
 shot would have given an alarm to the galley. All hands 
 being ready for action, they again hoisted sail ; but fearing 
 they should run astray of their object in the darkness, soon 
 cast anchor once more, lowered a boat, and went in search of 
 her with muffled oars. They had proceeded but a few rods 
 when her sombre form was seen rising in the gloom ; they 
 noted how she rode with the wind and tide, returned to the 
 Hawk, and directed her course accordingly. Being soon per- 
 ceived by the watch on the deck of the galley, they were 
 repeatedly hailed, but made no answer; when nearly along- 
 side, a volley of musketry was discharged at them ; but before 
 the Pigot could fire one gun, the jib-boom of the Hawk had 
 torn its way through the nettings, and grappled the foreshrouds; 
 while their salute had been amply returned, and Lieut. Helm, 
 followed by his detachment, mounted the deck sword in hand. 
 With shouts, the crew of the Hawk drove every man into tha 
 hold of the ealley, except the commander, who fought despe- 
 rately in his ^hirt and drawers, until convinced that resistance 
 was useless. When informed, however, that he was van- 
 quished by a little sloop, he wept over his inevitable disgrace, 
 and Major Talbot in vain offered him the condolence which, 
 as a generous victor, he felt at his mortification. This brilliant 
 coup de main was effected without a loss on either side." 
 
 On the rocks that surround Sachuest Point, we find 
 the fisherman in his element. Let us watch his 
 sports for a moment. 
 
 The off rocks, at the northern extremity, are the 
 Flints. There are fishers there, but the tide is near 
 the flood, and to get to them water knee deep must 
 be passed. The Shelf is farther to the south, and 
 we already see enough to insure pleasure for the 
 walk. A dozen or more are spread over the rock, 
 some with poles, others with hand-lines, and all intent 
 on securing a goodly bunch of tautog. One sees at 
 a glance that they are amateurs. Vfith them there is 
 an old fisherman cutting bait, who, like an old hen 
 scratching for a large brood, has as much as he can
 
 56 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 attend to. To cut a lobster into suitable portions for 
 bait, is but the task of a few moments ; but he is con- 
 stantly called from this necessary work, to teach the 
 less expert how to tie the tempting morsel to the hook, 
 to direct one where to throw, and at the same time 
 unhook a fish caught by another. Observe, all the 
 fish taken are small ; the old fisherman will give you 
 as a reason for this, that there are too many sinkers 
 in the water to insure the catching of a " white 
 chin." 
 
 At Checker Beach, there are but three fishing, and 
 these form one party. Matters here are conducted 
 in a manner wholly different. These sportsmen are 
 after Bass. There is no running about the rocks, no 
 unnecessary noise and confusion, and but one line is 
 brought into play. Draw near, but keep low upon 
 the rocks, and watch attentively their proceedings. 
 The one in the rear has a basket of fresh menhaden 
 near him ; with a bait-board and a sharp knife he 
 scales these oily fish, taking a bait from each side, 
 rejecting the head, and cutting the remainder into fine 
 pieces. The small particles are then thrown into the 
 water at intervals, and the scent spreads far and near, 
 drawing the fish around the rock. Eighteen or twenty 
 fathoms of line are coiled on the rock, and there is 
 nearly as much more on the reel, ready in case a large 
 bass is hooked. The hook is baited and skilfully cast 
 just upon the edge of the white water, and the sports- 
 man, lost to everything but the excitement of the 
 moment, watches, carefully his line and every move- 
 ment in the water ; his foot advanced, and his hand 
 raised to hook the fish that may chance to take his
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 57 
 
 bait. The line is suddenly drawn out, and with a 
 rapid movement, the hook is buried in the now 
 frightened fish a horse-mackerel, full of life and 
 game to the last. The hook is again baited, and, with 
 a few small lumps, cast into the boiling surge ; a huge 
 bass has his eye upon it, and as it strikes the water, 
 seizes it with a force that makes the line sing. The 
 sportsman is prepared for the contest that he knows 
 must follow ; his chum has already cleared the reserve 
 line, and away dashes the fish, now below the sur- 
 face, and again' the rays of the sun flash from his 
 sides as he breaks water ; but the strain is more than 
 he can endure. He turns, and the line is gathered 
 in at a rate that keeps it always bearing on his mouth, 
 which is thus forced open ; but again he turns, and 
 again the line runs through the fingers at a speed 
 that often cuts into the flesh, and then the same com- 
 motion on the surface ; until, at length, exhausted, 
 nearly drowned, and after a few plunges, a few inef- 
 fectual attempts to make another run, he is drawn 
 slowly to the rock, and thence dragged to a place of 
 safety by means of a gafF. The hook is once more 
 baited, a few more lumps are thrown in, and a fresh 
 hand takes the stand. Wishing him " good luck," 
 we pass on. 
 
 At Hobson's Hole the scene is changed. Here 
 are two men in quiet possession of the rock ; they 
 have baited carefully for some time, and are at last 
 rewarded by the sight of bass in the water. Slowly 
 they have kept but one line going, and have already 
 taken several fish, when the peace is broken by the 
 appearance of a boat manned by one fisherman, who
 
 58 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 has the meanness to drop his grapnel on the very spot 
 where they are throwing ; and see, he is preparing 
 to avail himself of their morning's work. But listen! 
 he is hailed and warned oft'; threats he laughs at, 
 and throws in his hook ; at demonstrations from the 
 shore party he smiles, and perhaps chuckles, as he 
 contemplates their discontented looks. His triumph 
 is but short, for those on the rock gather from the beach 
 on the left, a basket of smooth stones. The boatman 
 laughs again, but a missile or two brings the laugh 
 out on the other side of his mouth ; and in a few min- 
 utes he becomes seriously alarmed for his safety. 
 He begs lustily ; stones are the missiles from the 
 shore; he raises both hands imploringly; showers of 
 stones fall thick and fast on his devoted head; he 
 endeavors to screen himself under the gunwale of the 
 boat , stones bring him on his feet again ; he looks 
 to the spectators to intercede ; laughter and stones 
 greet him ; he swears ; stones are the echoes ; he 
 asks time ; stones are dealt out to him ; he seizes his 
 oars to indicate that he is off; stones follow in his 
 wake ; and when he is beyond the reach of further 
 attacks, the fishing is resumed from the rocks, and 
 the spectators, having enjoyed this amusing end to 
 the day's sport, turn homeward. The next day the 
 combatants meet, and they too enjoy a laugh.
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 OLD STONE MILL. 
 
 N the centre of an open lot, 
 bounded by Pelham, Belle- 
 vue, Mill and George Sts., 
 stands a venerable pile, 
 known to the world as the 
 "Old Stone Mill," but 
 sometimes it is spoken of 
 as the " Newport Ruin '> 
 and the " Round Tower." 
 The stranger asks " when 
 and by whom was it built,"and from one 
 he receives an answer that carries the 
 mind back to the days when the Viking rover, 
 
 " Wandering from his region frozen, 
 On Vineland's shores delighted once to roam." 
 
 And by another he is told that . 
 
 " This is the " Old Mill " of which they tell lies." 
 
 The origin and early history of the " Old Mill " is 
 shrouded in mystery; and this fact, coupled with its 
 peculiar construction and isolated position, has led to 
 many fruitless conjectures. The antiquarian claims 
 for it the honor of having afforded a secure shelter to 
 the Norsemen, who, they say, built it as a lookout
 
 60 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 OLD STONE MILL. 
 
 and a tower of defense. The matter-of-fact observers 
 deny it this enviable renown, and maintain that it is 
 neither more nor less than an " Old Mill," built by 
 Gov. Benedict Arnold, the first Charter Governor of 
 the Colony, who owned the property at the time of 
 his death, and of it makes mention in his will, calling 
 it " my stone built Wind Mill." 
 
 The reader who would possess all of interest that 
 has been written on this subject, is referred to a pam- 
 phlet entitled "The Controversy touching the old 
 Stone Mill."
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 REDWOOD LIBRARY. JEWISH CEMETERY JEWISH 8YNAOOGCE. 
 
 AT the time that Bishop Berkeley resided at New- 
 port, a literary and philosophical society was 
 formed by a number of gentlemen of the town. The 
 society met weekly for debates and conversation upon 
 questions of utility and interest ; and to enable them 
 the more successfully to carry out their original plan, 
 it was deemed expedient to secure a library. In this 
 step we trace the foundation of the Redwood Library 
 and Athenaeum. The attention of the society was 
 immediately directed to the collection of books ; and 
 in 1747 a great impulse was given by Abraham Red- 
 wood, Esq., who placed at the disposal of the society 
 jC500, for the purchase of standard books in London 
 For the following sketch of the library building, we 
 are indebted to the history of the Library, introduced 
 into the last published catalogue : 
 
 " To give permanence and usefulness to his donation, Mr. 
 Redwood enjoined on the society the duty of erecting an edi- 
 fice, as a depository for such books as might be purchased. In 
 pursuance of their object, a charter of incorporation was ob- 
 tained in 1747, and the society in honor of their most liberal 
 benefactor, assumed the name of the Redwood Library Com- 
 pany For the erection of a library building, five thousand 
 pounds were almost immediately subscribed by different citi- 
 zens of the town. Henry Collins, Esq., proved a noble coad- 
 jutor of Mr. Redwood, and presented in. June, 1748, to the 
 company, the lot of land, then called Bowling Green, on which 
 the present library edifice now stands. 
 
 6
 
 02 NEWPORT I I, L U S T R A T D . 
 
 " The library building, which is a beautiful specimen of trw> 
 Doric order, was commenced in 1748, and completed in 17f>0. 
 The plan was furnished by Joseph Harrison, Esq., assistant 
 architect of Blenheim House, England. He also superintended 
 the erection of the edifice, with the committee of the company, 
 consisting of Samuel Wickham, Henry Collins and John Til- 
 linghast. The master-builders were Wing Spooner, Samuel 
 .Green, Thomas Melvil and Israel Chapman. The principal 
 front is ornamented with a portico of four Doric columns, sev- 
 enteen feet in hight, and projecting nine feet from the walls 
 of the building. The edifice consists of a main building, and 
 two small wings on each side, ranging in a line parallel with 
 the west end of the building. The wings furnish two rooms 
 of about twelve feet square The principal library room, occu- 
 pying the whole of the main building, is thirty-seven feet long, 
 twenty-six feet broad, and nineteen feet in hight. The whole 
 building is supported by a substantial foundation raised seve- 
 ral feet from the ground." 
 
 Names of the leading men in the history of Rhode 
 Island, are connected with this library. William 
 Ellery, Stephen Hopkins, Daniel Updike, James 
 Honyman, Jr., Dr, Stiles; and many others in turn 
 were active members. 
 
 Valuable presents have been made to the library at 
 different times, and the late Judah Touro, Esq., in his 
 will, bequeathed three thousand dollars to the Company, 
 to be expended in books and repairs. In 1843 he 
 gave a thousand dollars to defray the expense of 
 re-setting the steps. 
 
 The Library contains many old and valuable books 
 that are now comparatively scarce ; but many of the 
 finest works were carried off by the British troops, 
 when they left the Island. The loss sustained at that 
 time can never be replaced. The present number of 
 volumes is between six and seven thousand. 
 
 Continuing along Touro street to the north, the. mas- 
 sive granite gateway and fence, surrounding the Jewish
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 63 
 
 JEWISH CEMETERY. 
 
 I 
 
 Cemetery will attract attention. It was erected in 1843 
 by order of the late Judah Touro, Esq., at an expense 
 of about $12,000. Mr. Touro was a native of 
 Newport, and in these grounds repose the remains 
 of his father and mother and other members of his 
 family. The cemetery and the walk in front are kept 
 in repair by a fund provided for that purpose through 
 the liberality of Mr. Touro. 
 
 The street to the right, and leading nearly north, is 
 Kay street, named after Nathaniel Kay, Esq., 
 of whom mention is made in a former chapter. Kay 
 street is of ample width, and in time, the walks will be 
 shaded by the ornamental trees that have been planted. 
 The buildings all erected within fifteen years stand 
 back from the street, and many of them are large and
 
 64 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 4 
 
 expensive, and not a few, are neat and picturesque 
 cottages. 
 
 The continuation of Touro street will bring us to 
 the Jewish Synagogue, which stands in an open lot, 
 surrounded by a granite fence, somewhat similar to 
 that around the cemetery. The synagogue was built 
 in 1762, and up to the war it was regularly opened for 
 services ; at that time there were not less than sev- 
 enty Jewish families residing in Newport, and many 
 of their members were numbered among the most 
 wealthy and influential citizens. It was the only 
 place of worship in New England, -where Hebrew 
 was chanted and read weekly. Abraham Touro left 
 the handsome sum of $20,000 in charge of the 
 Town authorities, the interest to be expanded in 
 keeping the synagogue and grounds, and the street 
 leading to it, in good repair, and the wishes of the 
 donor have been carefully complied with. 
 
 In July, 1859, the improvements which had been in 
 progress for some time upon the Redwood Library were 
 completed. The front is unaltered. The wings on 
 the north and south were extended the entire length 
 of the building. A new building, the north and south 
 ends of which are, the one the actual, the other the 
 fac-simile, east end of the old building, is now used as 
 a reading room and picture gallery. This contains a 
 large number of paintings, the gift of the late C. B. 
 King, to whom the library is also indebted for a large 
 bequest. The number of books has been very much 
 enlarged, and the library is no& a general place of 
 resort, under the charge of its excellent librarian, Mr. 
 B. H. Rhoades.
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 SOUTH TOrRO STREET. BUILDINGS RECENTLY ERECTED. BOAT 
 
 HOUSE LANDING. COGGESHALs' LEDGE. SPOUTING CAVE. 
 
 "TT7ITHIN a few years a street has been opened run- 
 '' ning south, in continuation of Touro Street, and 
 called South Touro Street. It passed through several 
 valuable farms, on the brow of the hill, the lots gently 
 falling away on either side. These lots were quickly 
 taken up, either for building purposes or for specula- 
 tion. Many of them have changed hands repeatedly, 
 and always at a large advance ; but now they r.re 
 principally owned by those who intend to occupy 
 them. Buildings of every size, shape and style, have 
 been erected, not a few at an enormous outlay, and 
 the grounds have been adorned with rare plants and 
 trees, and divided by paths sweeping in graceful lines 
 in various directions. It is not necessary to point to 
 individual specimens of taste ; visitors will have an 
 opportunity of examining these princely mansions as 
 they ride to the Boat House beyond, and to the beau- 
 tiful beach to the right, where the road terminates. 
 
 It will reward one to mount the rocks on either hand 
 near the termination of the road, to gaze upon the 
 open sea, that ever dashes its waves over the half 
 submerged rocks along the coast. The line of rocks 
 directly in front is Coggeshall's Ledge. It makes a
 
 66 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 fine breakwater, and fishermen take advantage of it 
 to run in and land their boats near the boat house. 
 
 From the point on the right, there is a fine view 
 of Gooseberry Island, and in fine weather Block 
 Island can plainly be seen, without the aid of a glass. 
 
 Crossing the shingle to the west of the boat house, 
 we may again approach the Spouting Rock, for it is 
 situated on the extremity of the opposite point.
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 
 THE GLEN. 
 
 HE Glen is one of 
 the most charming 
 spots on the Island, 
 and the roads leading 
 to it offer many beau- 
 tiful and attractive 
 points. Itis situated 
 about six miles from 
 Newport, on the east side of the Island and about a 
 mile off the main road. To reach it, we must leave 
 the city at the head of Broad Street and follow the 
 road to the two-mile corner, turn to the right, where 
 the road descends, cross a small brook and mount the 
 opposite hill. The road is wide and always- in good 
 repair, though often dusty during the dry season. 
 
 About five miles out we pass a handsome Episcopal 
 church, built of stone, and liberally endowed by a 
 lady who has done much to make her name beloved 
 by all acquainted with her good works. 
 
 Farther on we come to the Atlantic House, form- 
 erly a tavern, but now known only as a fashionable 
 hotel. We believe it is generally well sustained 
 during the season, and riding parties often pause here 
 for refreshments, and to stroll through the gardens
 
 68 
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED 
 
 and the grand old orchards, to the rear of the house. 
 
 The next property beyond is owned by Miss 
 Gihbs, and is known as Oakland. The large estate 
 is beautifally adorned with shrubbery, and evergreen 
 walks in which Dr. Channing spent many hours 
 of his life in study. The house, hidden from view 
 by the dense foliage, contains many gems of art, 
 including the Jeremiah, by Allston. 
 
 At the next corner stands the Union meeting house, 
 where Dr. Channing usually preached, when on the 
 Island. If used at all, at the present time, it is only 
 occasionally by some one invited to preach, and we 
 know not by what denomination it is owned. 
 
 GLEN. 
 
 A short distance beyond the meeting house, a side 
 road turns off to the right and leads directly to the 
 Glen, passing through the farm gate, that for years
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 69 
 
 has been opened by a blind boy, on the approach 
 of strangers, the road gently winds through a grove 
 of heavy trees, that become dense as we advance, 
 until we stand upon the shore of the little pond in the 
 centre of the Glen. 
 
 On one side is seen the old mill, its wheel turned by 
 the fafling water, breaking the stillness of the scene ; 
 and on the right the water falls over the rocks, steal- 
 ing along the valley, half hid from view by the flow- 
 ers and the tall grass, until it is lost in the river 
 just seen through the opening. 
 
 On a fine afternoon hundreds visit this quiet spot, 
 and the old woods are often made to ring with the 
 merry laugh, or the gay song of some light hearted 
 girl, in the full enjoyment of freedom from restraint, the 
 gurgling of the brook, the fragrance of the wild flowers 
 and the prospect of the distant shore from under the 
 foliage that affords a grateful shade. 
 
 One who is well acquainted with the Glen, says 
 of it, " the deep valley so called, is as sweet a bit 
 of inland scenery in its way, as the country affords. 
 In the afternoon, when the lateral sunshine plays 
 through the surrounding foliage, the old mill and the 
 clear stream form an admirable study for the land- 
 scape painter." 
 
 Returning from the Glen, and before reaching the 
 main road, we should pause at Mrs. Durfee's Tea 
 House, where everything will be found in order for 
 the reception of visitors, and one will long remember 
 her generous hospitality.
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 EXCURSION OVER THE BAY. PORT ADAMS. ROSE ISLAND. 
 
 THB DUMPLINGS. 
 
 MONO 
 
 the many 
 attract! o n s 
 held out by 
 Newport to 
 those who 
 are in 
 search of 
 recreation 
 and health 
 giving ex- 
 cise, there 
 are none 
 more con- 
 genial than 
 pi e a s u r e 
 excursions 
 ove r t h e 
 
 waters of Narragansett Bay. Few visit the Island 
 during the summer, without participating in the 
 aquatic sports of the season, and it is rare to find one 
 indifferent to the cool breezes and the gentle undula-
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 71 
 
 motion of the sea, as the boat with a swan-like 
 gra^e dips from wave to wave. The harbor is pecu- 
 liarly adapted to this amusement ; tide there is little 
 or none, the few sunken rocks are marked by buoys, 
 the wind is generally steady, and the boats and yachts, 
 that are kept for the accommodation of the public, 
 are safe and are managed by men who have been 
 brought up upon the water. On a summers' afternoon 
 the two harbors are enlivened by hundreds of these 
 gaily painted boats, their snow-white sails spread to 
 the breeze, and their gaudy colors marked clear and 
 defined against the sky that may rival in its soft tone 
 and boundless depths the azure robe of Italy. 
 
 On Tuesday and Friday, when the fort is garri- 
 soned, from six to seven, P. M., it is fashionable to 
 visit Fort Adams, as at that hour the band is playing 
 on the parade. On these occasions boats of every 
 size are in requisition, and the number assembled at 
 the government wharf is often very large. The cer- 
 emony within the fort closing, the visitors betake 
 themselves to their boats again, and spreading sails 
 are seen moving to and fro, as pleasure or fancy may 
 dictate. 
 
 Another pleasant sail is in the direction of Rose 
 Island. This requires more time, and affords a 
 finer view of the open passage to the south and the 
 river to the north. The island is low but picturesque 
 in form, and seems to float upon the water. A group 
 of trees upon the higher parts and a few shrubs 
 planted upon the crumbling mounds, would give it a 
 charming appearance from all points, and make it 
 much more attractive. As it is now, fishing par-
 
 72 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 ties have to rely on the old and ruined barracks for a 
 shade. 
 
 Another point of interest, that can only be visited 
 
 in a boat, is 
 
 FORT DUMPLINGS, 
 
 or, more properly, Fort Brown, situated on the Island 
 of Conanicut, just at the mouth of the outer harbor. 
 The Fort itself is oval in form, and placed on a high 
 wall of rocks, against which the ocean waves are 
 ever breaking. The water in front is very bold, the 
 surrounding rocks the Dumplings are rich in form 
 and color, (many of them graced with stunted spruce 
 trees,) the little beach is a gem, and the hills, as they 
 sweep inland, one upon another, like ocean billows, 
 delight the eye, and invite man to pause and survey 
 their graceful slopes. The rocks are here hard and 
 stern ; the grass has not the rich emerald tint seen 
 on Rhode island ; trees in the foreground there 
 are none, and the few bushes hug their mother earth,
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 73 
 
 as if afraid to raise their stunted heads ; but with all 
 this, the scene is beautiful ; and the dreamy stillness 
 that pervades all nature, is in perfect keeping with 
 the ruined tower above and the lazy waters below. 
 
 The fishing around the Dumplings is excellent ; 
 and there is probably not a day during the season, 
 except in storms, that boats are not seen winding 
 among the rocks in search of prey. They are gene- 
 rally successful, although the fish taken are small as 
 compared with the same variety captured off the reef. 
 
 Gay parties often resort to the Dumplings to escape 
 from the throng of the city for a while, and enjoy a 
 day of sunshirre and pleasure in the open air. Here 
 they spread an ample tent, or. gather fh a circle on 
 the soft and yielding turf, to partake of a rich and 
 savory chowder, cooked on the rocks, and served in 
 the true picnic style a bowl of chowder and a heap- 
 ing tray of crackers, flanked with lemons and sugar, 
 and a flagon of water.
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 
 CHCBCH OF THE HOLY CROSS. CAPTURE OF GEN. PRESCOTT. 
 
 REDWOOD HOUSE BUTT'S HILL. LAWTON's VALLEY. B. I. 
 
 COAL MINES. 
 
 BY taking the main road, and keeping to the west, 
 an hour's ride will bring us to the spot where 
 Gen. Prescott was captured by Col. Barton, on the 
 night of June*10th, 1777. The road is not as much 
 frequented as the east or mail route, but in many 
 respects it is more pleasing. 
 
 At the corner of the cross read, about three and a 
 half miles out, stands a picturesque little church, built 
 from a design by Mr. Upjohn, and called the Church 
 of the Holy Cross. Beyond this, a distance of per- 
 haps a mile and a half, we reach the farm known as 
 the Page place, and the house that stands back a 
 short distance from the road, was occupied by Gen. 
 Prescott, as his head-quarters in Portsmouth, at the 
 time that h was surprised by the Americans. 
 
 The capture of Gen. Prescott by Col. Barton was 
 a memorable event in the history of the Revolution, 
 and as remarkable for its daring as for its complete 
 success. It is unnecessary here to rehearse the 
 story ; every one is acquainted with the particulars, 
 and we have only to point to the different objects to 
 make the whole scene familiar.
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 75 
 
 The stream that gently falls over the wall, then 
 winds across the road and under the little bridge, is 
 soon lost to view in the tangled brushwood on the 
 west. It was by this ravine, (through which this 
 stream finds its way to the sea,) that Barton and his 
 party approached the house. The gate and the path 
 remain unchanged, and one can readily imagine the 
 band of patriots quietly drawing near to the house, 
 with the full determination of capturing the leader of 
 the enemy's forces, or of sacrificing their lives in the 
 attempt. The work was soon done. The old negro 
 (who we well remember) broke in the panel with his 
 head ; the astonished General was taken from his 
 bed, and without allowing him time to dress, he was 
 carried forth by strong arms, and hurried over a field 
 but lately reaped the stubble sorely cutting his naked 
 feet to the boat in waiting at the mouth of the creek. 
 There he was wrapped in Barton's cloak, and the 
 boats pulled away for the opposite shore, passing 
 directly under the stern of one British man-of-war, 
 and under the bows of another ; the General hearing 
 the sentinel above his head proclaiming " All's well," 
 but, restrained by the fear of instant death, he could 
 not make known his painful situation. 
 
 The house was at that time in the possession of 
 the Overing family, and by some it is still called the 
 Overing house. Since that time it has passed through 
 several hands. 
 
 The name of Prescott was detested by friend and 
 foe, and independent of the humiliation and disgrace 
 attached to such a capture, the British troops were
 
 76 
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 overjoyed to find that he had been so suddenly 
 snatched from his command. 
 In Newport, the 
 
 HEAD-QUARTERS OF GEN. PRESCOTT, 
 
 was the house corner of Pelham and Spring Streets, 
 directly opposite the Congregational Church, and 
 now the property of Joshua Sayer, Esq. During the 
 war it was owned by the Bannister family. The 
 General, in pleasant weather, used to walk from the 
 corner of the house in Spring Street to the north 
 corner of the block, and, to have a dry flagging, he 
 caused a sufficient number of stone steps to be re- 
 moved from the neighboring dwellings, and placed 
 there for his accommodation. Jlere he used to sun 
 himself, and wo betide the man who had the temerity 
 to pass him without taking off his hat. 
 
 The house is of the old school, of which we have 
 already made mention. It is finished throughout with
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 77 
 
 panel work, elaborate mouldings, rooms of ample di- 
 mensions, a wide hall and generous staircase. 
 
 The next estate to the Page place, with the fine 
 row of linden trees in front, is the Redwood farm ; 
 and at the time of the capture of Gen. Prescott, it was 
 occupied by Gen. Smith, who was second in com- 
 mand. 
 
 Beyond the Redwood farm, and to the right, there 
 is an elevation, known as Butt's Hill. Here the 
 Americans, under Sullivan and Greene, made a des- 
 perate stand against the British, at the time they were 
 driven from the Island. The odds were greatly in favor 
 of the enemy, but nevertheless these brave officers 
 managed to cover the retreating forces, and to embark 
 with them without serious loss. 
 
 The valley below Butt's Hill is an exceedingly 
 picturesque one, and is known as Lawton's Valley. 
 It is watered by a small stream that flows through its 
 entire length, and falls into the Bay. Few who have 
 leisure, pass this lovely spot without pausing to rest 
 beneath the shade of the trees that hang gracefully 
 over the little brook. 
 
 Keeping the road for a distance of about ten miles 
 from Newport, we come upon the Rhode Island Coal 
 Mines. The mines have been worked for a number 
 of years, and at the present time the yield is large, 
 and the coal of a quality suitable for all uses where 
 an intense heat is required, and a strong draft can be 
 applied. The main shaft is now over six hundred 
 feet in depth, dipping at an angle of 35 degrees, 
 with five lateral galleries, branching off at lengths 
 varying from three hundred to eleven hundred feet. 
 7*
 
 78 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 One may descend, if disposed to explore the dark 
 caverns ; but the sights there to be seen will scarcely 
 repay one for the labor and fatigue of groping through 
 the dark and damp passages, and over broken frag- 
 ments of rock and coal.
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 
 
 STEAMBOATS RUNNING TO AND FROM HZWPOBT. 
 
 "YTEWPORT is brought into direct communication 
 ^ with New York by means of the New York 
 and Newport line of steamers, comprising the Old 
 Colony, Empire State, Newport and Metropolis. 
 These are among the largest and most seaworthy 
 boats running through the Sound. The boats leave 
 New York every afternoon, at five o'clock in the 
 summer and at four in winter, arriving at Newport 
 between two and three the next morning, where 
 they stop at the Long Wharf, whence passengers 
 proceed to Boston at four o'clock by the Old 
 Colony and Newport Railroad. In the evening 
 the cars leave Boston at half past five o'clock, 
 arriving at Newport at half past seven, where the 
 passengers again take the boats for New York, 
 arriving there in season for trains for the South 
 and "West. Trains also leave for and arrive from 
 Boston a number of times in the course of the day. 
 
 A steamboat plies on the River, between New- 
 port and Providence, making two trips each way 
 daily during the summer, thus accommodating the 
 travel between the two cities, and offering facilities 
 for connecting with Boston and New York, by 
 means of the Providence or Worcester Railroads. 
 
 There are other boats connecting with Newport 
 during the warm season, but their trips are not 
 made with sufficient regularity to be noticed here.
 
 CHAPTER XV. 
 
 THE POINT. WASHINGTON STREET. DR. WM. HUNTER EON, 
 
 WM. HUNTER. DEATH OF CHEVALIER DE TERNAY. FORT 
 
 OREENK. 
 
 FINE view of the Bay 
 and Harbor may be ob- 
 tained from the Point, 
 which comprises that 
 part of the city to the 
 north of the Long 
 Wharf, and west of 
 Thames Street. 
 
 The change in the 
 appearance of the Point 
 within a few years, is 
 very great ; not that 
 any remarkable buildings have gone up there, but the 
 whole of that portion of the city has sensibly im- 
 proved. The principal streets have been graded, the 
 buildings generally neatly painted, and in a few in- 
 stances new and pretty cottages have been built. 
 We often wonder that no more buildings are erected 
 in that quarter; the situation is delightful, the pros- 
 pect finer than in the compact part of the city ; it is 
 easy of access, affords a fine opportunity for bathing, 
 and offers many inducements to those who are seek- 
 ing desirable building lots.
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 81 
 
 The principal street running north and south, is 
 Washington Street. About half way from the Long 
 Wharf, and a few doors from Bridge Street, stands 
 the Hunter house, another of the old fashioned build- 
 ings, so characteristic of Newport. 
 
 Here Dr. Wm. Hunter resided, and the property 
 is still in the hands of his descendants. 
 
 Dr. Hunter was a Scotch physician of high respect- 
 ability He was educated at Edinburgh, but settled 
 in Newport many years prior to the Revolution. It 
 is said that he was one of the devoted band of Scotch- 
 men who adhered to the last to the ill-fated house of 
 Stuart, and that his emigration hither was the conse- 
 quence of his participation in the rebellion of 1745. 
 In the year 1755 he was surgeon of the troops raised 
 by this State for the expedition against Crown Point, 
 and it was in his tent that the brave Baron Dieskau 
 breathed his last. In the year 1756 he delivered in 
 this city, the first course of anatomical lectures ever 
 given in the country. His youngest son, the late Hon. 
 William Hunter, was born at Newport. 
 
 Hon. William Hunter graduated at Brown Univer- 
 sity, and sailed for London, where he commenced the 
 study of medicine under the guidance of his kinsman, 
 the celebrated Dr. Hunter. The profession, however, 
 was distasteful to him, and he soon after entered the 
 Inner Temple, a pupil of Arthur Murphy, Esq. Re- 
 turning to Newport, and having been admitted to the 
 bar at the age of twenty-one, he soon found himself, 
 despite his youth, in the enjoyment of a large and 
 lucrative practice. 
 
 In 1834, Mr. Hunter was appointed Charge to
 
 82 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Brazil, an office which, in 1842, was raised to that of 
 a full mission. In 1844, Mr. Hunter retired from the 
 post and from public life, and returned to this place, 
 where he resided until his death. 
 
 As a lawyer, Mr. Hunter was distinguished for the 
 extent and variety of his learning, while his varied 
 accomplishments gave him great power as an advo- 
 cate. As a writer, he is mostly known by his occa- 
 sional orations and discourses, which display rich 
 and ripe scholarship. 
 
 It was in the Hunter house that the Chevalier De 
 Ternay breathed his last. 
 
 At the northern extremity of Washington Street, 
 Fort Greene is situated ; and from this point a beau- 
 tiful prospect opens, and one may long enjoy the 
 view of the Bay and the projecting points of land. 
 
 Fort Greene rests in part on the Blue Rocks. It 
 was built in 1 776, and the breastwork was thrown up 
 in one night, for the purpose of attacking the British 
 ship Scarborough, lying off Rose Island. On the 
 following day the guns were brought to bear so effect- 
 ually upon her as to force her to beat an ignoble 
 retreat. The fort was called the North Bat ery till 
 1798, when, by order of Congress, the present fort 
 was built and named after Gen. Greene.
 
 CHAPTER XVI. 
 
 TAMMANY HII.L. TAMMANY HILL INSTITUTE. MALBONE'S GAR- 
 
 DEN. - SMILEKT. - ALLSTON. - STUART. - ART IN AMERICA 
 
 rising ground to the north of the city is known 
 -1- as Tammany Hill so called from the fact that 
 Miantonomi, an Indian sachem, once ruled this por- 
 tion of the island, and it has been said that he made 
 this hill the seat of his government ; recent discoveries 
 have, however, shown that the sachem who made 
 this hill his home was Wannemetonomie, a son of 
 Miantonomi. The hill is quite elevated, sloping 
 gradually to the south and west, and on the north it 
 is very abrupt. 
 
 During the Revolution, Tammany Hill was sur- 
 mounted by a breastwork, thrown up by the British, 
 and was made one of a chain of outposts across the 
 Island. The remains of the work are still visible. 
 There is a lookout rising from the centre of the hill, 
 and from its summit a fine view of the surrounding 
 country may be obtained. We have often paused 
 upon this elevated point to enjoy the scene. To 
 watch all the changes in the landscape, from the first 
 dawn of light to the last dying rays of the setting sun, 
 is the privilege of those only who reside on the hill- 
 tops ; and the lessons that are taught to the young by 
 the glories of the sunlight and the majesty of the
 
 84 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 storm, seen from a point like this, cannot be effaced 
 even amid the stirring scenes of after life. 
 
 Tammany Hill is a portion of the farm bearing the 
 same name, where for a number of years stood a lattice 
 tower, from which a most beautiful view could be had 
 in a clear day. But not only has this been removed, 
 but the house near it has also been moved from the 
 summit of the hill. 
 
 TAMMANY HILL HOUSE. 
 
 A little lower, on the south side of the hill, stands 
 a picturesque stone house, built by J. Prescott Hall, 
 E^. It is located on or near the site of the famous 
 Malbone House. All the land in that section was 
 once tne property of the late Godfrey Malboue, Esq., 
 and the estate had a wide reputation for the taste and 
 elegance display^ by its wealthy proprietor. The 
 house was accidentally consumed in 1766. The 
 flames broke out as a large party were about to sit 
 down to dinner. Mr. Malbone, finding that it would 
 be impossible to save the house, ordered the dinner 
 to be taken to the lawn aud served, observing, " If 1
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 85 
 
 have lost my house, there is no reason why we should 
 lose our dinner." To this day the grounds are spoken 
 of as Malbone's Garden, though nothing now remains 
 of the former splendor, save the artificial fish-ponds, 
 and the rows of ancient fruit trees. 
 
 When the property passed out of the Malbone fam- 
 ily, Edward Malbone, a descendant of Godfrey Mal- 
 bone, Esq., devoted himself to his art with unabated 
 zeal, that by so doing he might ia lime be enabled to 
 repurchase the estate. By his intense application to 
 his profession, he undermined his constitution, and 
 planted the seeds of a disease that shortened his life. 
 
 Newport may justly be proud of the distinguished 
 artists who, at various periods of her history, have 
 shown so decided an attachment to her soil. Smilert 
 painted here, and probably the portrait of Bishop 
 Berkeley, now at Yale College, was painted at White- 
 hall. Samuel King, during his lifetime, practised por- 
 trait painting in Newport, and it is a matter of regret 
 that we have so little of his history preserved to us ; but 
 we know that he was the first instructor of Malbone 
 and Allston, and that the store in Thames Street, long 
 occupied by Mr. Jno. N. Potter, No. 130, was the spot 
 where they were daily employed under his direction. 
 Stuart made Newport his home ; his attachment to it 
 was very marked, and his daughter, Miss Jane Stuart, 
 an artist of much skill, resides here at the present time. 
 The painting in the Senate Chamber of the State 
 House, is one of Stuart's finest works ; and as a con- 
 trast to it, there are two pictures in the Redwood 
 Library, portraits of the late Mr. and Mrs. Bannister, 
 painted by him when a boy, and before he sailed for 
 
 e
 
 C3 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Europe to study with West. Mr. Charles B. King t 
 now cf Washington, claims Newport as his home, 
 and many ol his finest pictures have been deposited 
 in the Redwood Library ; and Mr. R. M. Staigg, 
 whose miniatures are so highly prized, is a citizen of 
 Newport by adoption. 
 
 A few of Malbone's pictures are still to be found 
 in Newport, but in most cases they have been pur- 
 chased and taken away. The " Hours " the picture 
 that has made his name famous is at present in 
 Providence. 
 
 Art in America has had to struggle to maintain 
 even a respectable position. For it to rise to emi- 
 nence in this land of cent, per cent., is wholly out of 
 the question. The wonder is, how in the whirl of 
 business, when all that bears not the stamp of trade 
 is brushed aside, such men as Stuart, Malbone, 
 Allston and King, could have reached the temple of 
 Fame. But when those conversant with their history 
 reflect upon the means resorted to by these distin- 
 guished men to secure future greatness ; when we 
 picture them toiling incessantly, at every sacrifice, to 
 meet the wants of life, and to instill into the public a 
 little of their enthusiastic love of Art, with no public 
 collection at hand for reference, no prospect of public 
 patronage, and no hope beyond that of leaving some 
 work that might in time convey to the more discern- 
 ing some evidence of their worth ; when we know 
 that their lives were thus devoted to one object, the 
 love of which could alone sustain them, we no longer 
 wonder at their success, but learn to emulate their 
 f eal, and almost to worship the efforts of genius so-
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 87 
 
 cured to us at so great cost. The names of men like 
 these can never die. They have been tried in the 
 balance, and not found wanting. Shall we leave 
 others to struggle against like reverses of fortune 
 reverses that try all but the more enduring shall we 
 leave them to pass through the same ordeal, to be pu- 
 rified by the fire of afflictions, the offspring of neglect 
 and cold indifference ; or, shall we open for them a 
 way by instructing the young to seek out the beautiful 
 in art and nature, and thus lay the foundation of a 
 wide national taste. 
 
 In America we have no established schools of Art 
 opened to the puptl. All that we urge is, that youth 
 should be insiPucted in the rudiments gf Art, as they 
 progress with their other studies. By such a course 
 they would soon learn to reverence the name of the 
 great, obtaining at the same time a knowledge that 
 would prove a source of infinite pleasure in after life ; 
 and if they possess a single spark of the true fire, it 
 will find a way to display itself, and to triumph, even 
 if it be kindled in a land ttiat has done so little for 
 real Art.
 
 CHAPTER XVII. 
 
 FRANKLIN'S PRINTING PRESS. 
 
 TUB NEWPORT MERCURY JAMES FRANKLIN. BRENTON TOWN 
 
 KOUSK. JUDGE HALLIBURTON. 
 
 THE first newspaper published in Newport was 
 issued in 1732, by James Franklin, elder brother 
 of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. It was a small sheet, the 
 size of ordinary letter paper, and was printed on a 
 press brought from Boston, which press, imported by 
 James Franklin, was long standing in the office of the 
 Newport Mercury. 
 
 On the 14th of February, 1734-5, James Franklin
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 89 
 
 died, aged 38, after a long indisposition. The print- 
 ing office he left to his son James, then a child. On 
 the 12th June, 1758, James, the son, issued the first 
 number of the Newport Mercury. He was assisted 
 in the management of it by his mother, Mrs. Ann 
 Franklin, and in a few years, James, having left New- 
 port, for some cause never made known, and never to 
 return, her imprint alone appeared on the paper. The 
 daughter of Mrs. Franklin having married one Samuel 
 Hall, the Mercury was made over to him, and subse- 
 quently it was transferred to Solomon Southwick, who 
 published it until December, 1776, when it was dis- 
 continued lor a time, Southwick fearing the British, 
 who were preparing to land on the Island, would des- 
 troy his property. To prevent his press and types, 
 then standing in the office on Queen Street, near the 
 middle of the parade, from falling into their hands, 
 they were removed to the rear of the old building on 
 Broad Street, known as the Kilburn House, where 
 they were buried in the garden. The fact that the 
 property was so secreted was made known to the 
 commander of the British troops, who caused it to be 
 removed to the building known as the Vaughan House, 
 making the north corner of the Parade and Thames 
 Street, where, in the chambers, one John Howe, who 
 was known as printer to his Majesty, regularly issued 
 the Rhode Island Gazette during 1777-78-79, copies 
 of which paper can now be seen at the Redwood Li- 
 brary. After the war, the office was purchased by 
 Mr. Henry Barber, and the Mercury was again issued 
 January I, 1.7 AQ. It continued in the possession 
 of the Barber family for over seventy years, having
 
 90 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 been owned by father, son, and grandson in succes- 
 sion. It is now the property of Messrs. Coggeshall 
 & Pratt. 
 
 The house directly opposite, standing back from the 
 street, and shaded by large and beautiful trees, is 
 known as the 
 
 CHANN1NG HOUSE, 
 
 but it has an interest apart from the fact that it was 
 once .owned by members of the Channing family. It 
 was built by Jahleel Brenton, Esq., in 1720, and was 
 occupied by his family as a town house. It was in 
 this building that Judge Halliburton of Nova Scotia, 
 wis born ; and here, in later times, Washington pass- 
 ed a night. It was then kept as a boarding-house by 
 a Mrs. Almy. Subsequently it passed through many 
 hands, and is now a private residence.
 
 CHAPTER XVIII, 
 
 WHITEHALL. 
 
 A RIPE TO GREEN END, HONYMAN S HILL, WHITEHALL, AND 
 OVER THE BEACHES. 
 
 TjlEW spots in the environ^ of Newport are more 
 -L endeared to the antiquarian than the quiet vale 
 where Berkeley lived, and wrote his finest works. The 
 changes lhat have been effected in that portion of the 
 island for the century past, are slight indeed, and one 
 can there still enjoy the quiet and repose, so congenial 
 to the mind of Berkeley, climb the hill, named for his 
 friend and neighbor, to survey the scene that always
 
 92 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 filled his mind with delight; or, enjoy the shade of 
 the overhanging rucks, where, in fine weather, he daily 
 wrote, undisturbed, save by the murmur of the distant 
 ocean, the song of birds, and the low ham of bees. 
 
 The day is fine, the roads are in excellent order, 
 and we will turn o\>r horses' heads towa r ds Green End 
 and chat of Berkeley's sojourn on Rhode Island, as 
 we gently mouiu the hill. 
 
 Whitehall can bo reached by passing over the Beach 
 and the neck of land that divides it from the second 
 heach, and then ^r> through the valley that opens to 
 the left: or, by !.h? main and Green End roads, re- 
 turning by the br-dches. We prefer the latter, ;md 
 will now take the road leading from Br-.>ad Street, and 
 follow it for halt' a mile or so, where it branches off to 
 the right, and to the right we must keep. .On ( iiher 
 slope are beautiful meadows of emer;:ld green: the 
 orchards already display thick clusters of ripening 
 fruit : the maze, in its perfection, is gently swayed by 
 the soft breezes from the sea, and the birds, that fill 
 the air with their song, fly not at the approach of man. 
 At the top of the first hill we look down upon Eas- 
 ton's Pond, a large- sheet spread out before us, its 
 waters unbroken, save by the light skifj of the angler, 
 or the duck leading forth her young brood upon its 
 glassy surface. Its eastern shore is bounded by Eas- 
 ton's beach, and in the breakers beyond we can descry 
 the bathers, dark against the white waves sporting on 
 the shore. 
 
 To the east, the eye rests upon the valley below, 
 and the rising ground that shuts out the view on the 
 opposite side. The hill is known as Hony man's Hill,
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 93 
 
 and on its summit the American forces were once 
 gathered, under Lafayette, to repulse the British troops, 
 then in possession of the spot on which we now stand. 
 The remains of the breast work, thrown up by the 
 British, are still visible on the farm to the east, and 
 when a portion of it was levelled a few years since, 
 cannon balls were brought to light, that were thrown 
 from the American work before the general retreat 
 under Sullivan. 
 
 As we descend the hill we lose the view of all save 
 the sloping banks of green, the gnarled and twisted 
 trees that have yielded their fruits to father and son 
 for generations, and the quiet little brook, that takes 
 its rise in the woods some miles to the north, and 
 empties its limpid waters in the pond to the right. 
 The view is contracted, for the road curves at every 
 few rods, and each change is more pleasing than the 
 last. 
 
 The ascent of Honyman's Hill is somewhat steep. 
 On the left hand, just by the school house, there is a 
 narrow road, running north, and shaded by overhang- 
 ing trees, that, for a short drive, is very pleasant. It 
 comes out on the main road, about three miles from 
 town. We continue the ascent, and as we approach 
 the summit of the hill, find ourselves well repaid for 
 the exertion. 
 
 To the south a wider view is offered. The Pond, 
 Easton's Beach, the more elevated portions of the 
 town, and the cliffs, pushing far out into the sea, are 
 spread out before us like a map. Each object can 
 be distinctly seen, and even the sails and masts of
 
 94 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 the light craft, far out on the horizon, are clearly 
 marked. 
 
 Berkeley, when asked why he did not select this 
 spot for the site of his house, replied, " To enjoy the 
 prospect of the hill, he must visit it only occasionally ; 
 that, if his constant residence should be on the hill, 
 the view would be so common as to lose all its 
 charms." 
 
 George Berkeley, son of William Berkeley, was 
 born at Kilcrin, near Thomaston, county of Kilkenny, 
 March 12, 1684. At the county schools he received 
 the rudiments of education, and at fifteen years of 
 age he entered as a pensioner in the University of 
 Dublin, where, at the expiration of eight years, he 
 obtained a fellowship. At this time he published 
 some of his writings, principally upon mathematical 
 science. In 1709 he gave to the world his " Theory 
 of Vision," and the following year he published the 
 " Principles of Human Knowledge." In 1712 he 
 was induced to enter upon the discussion of political 
 theories, and to Locke's celebrated treatise the world 
 is indebted for the sudden turn 'given to his writings. 
 Berkeley's support of the banished Stuarts made him 
 unpopular at the time, insomuch that Lord Galway 
 represented him as a Jacobite, which unfavorable 
 impression was only removed through the agency of 
 his college pupil, Mr. Molyneaux. 
 
 The writings of Berkeley early attracted consider- 
 able attention, and they soon became the subject of 
 discussion and contioversy. With Dr. John Clarke 
 he had a controversy of a serious and protracted na- 
 ture, and many years after, through the influence of
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 95 
 
 Addison, the parties were brought together ; but they 
 separated without a settlement of their dispute. 
 
 In 1713, Berkeley went over to London to super- 
 intend the publishing of his three Dialogues between 
 Hylas and Philonous, which brought him to the notice 
 of the most celebrated literary men of his day. He 
 became intimate with Steele and Pope, and at the 
 request of the former, wrote several papers for the 
 Guardian ; for each of which it is said he received a 
 guinea and a dinner. He was introduced by Steele 
 to the Earl of Peterborough, who took him as chap- 
 lain and secretary, when he received the appointment 
 of Ambassador to the King of Sicily. 
 
 In 1724, Berkely was preferred to the deanery of 
 Derry, with a living of .1,100. But new thoughts 
 had found birth, and these filled his mind with visions of 
 future usefulness. His heart was filled with the lofty 
 and holy design of converting the savages of America 
 to Christianity, by means of a College to be erected 
 on the Island of Bermuda. The design once con- 
 ceived, he arranged and drew up plans with full ex- 
 planations, and solicited the influence of his friends 
 to secure for these a favorable hearing. His feelings 
 at the time found utterance in the verses so often 
 quoted.: 
 
 " Westward the course of Empire takes its way." 
 
 The project which Berkeley had so much at heart, 
 is admirably set forth in a letter from Swift to Lord 
 Carteret. In this he says : 
 
 "Your Excellency will be frighted when I tell you all this 
 is but an introduction, for I am now to mention his errand.
 
 96 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 He is an absolute philosopher with regard to money, titles and 
 power ; and for three years past, has been struck with a notion 
 of founding a university at Bermudas, by a charter from the 
 crown. . . He showed me a little tract which he designs to 
 publish, and there your Excellency will see the whole scheme 
 of a life academico-philosophical, I shall make you remember 
 what you were, of a college founded for Indian scholars and 
 missionaries, where he most exorbitantly proposes a whole 
 100 for himself, 40 for a fellow, and 10 for a student. 
 His heart will break if his deanery be not taken from him, and 
 left at your Excellency's disposal." 
 
 The efforts to change the views of Berkeley were 
 unavailing ; and to carry out his plans, he sent in his 
 proposals to King George I. The result is well 
 known. On the llth of May, 1726, it was voted in 
 the House of Commons, " That an humble address be 
 presented to His Majesty, that out of the lands in St. 
 Christophers, yielded by France to Great Britain by 
 tke treaty of Utrecht, His Majesty would be graciousy 
 pleased to make such grant for the support of the 
 president and fellofcs of the College of St. Paul's in 
 Bermuda, as His Majesty should think proper." To 
 this the King answered favorably, and Berkeley felt 
 sure that the .20,000 asked for would be forthcoming. 
 But the statesmen of the day thought differently, and 
 before the great seal was affixed, the King died. 
 Berkeley did not pause for this, but arranged his 
 affairs with the full expectation of ultimately receiv- 
 ing the grant ; and in 1728, having married but a 
 month previous, he sailed for this port. Here he 
 corresponded with his friends in England and Ireland 
 on the subject of his grant. It then often required 
 six months, and sometimes a year, to transmit a letter. 
 He met with no encouragement, and after learning
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 97 
 
 that the land in St. Christophers had been sold and 
 the proceeds distributed without 'regard to his claim, 
 and having received the following reply from Walpole 
 to Bishop Gibson's question in his behalf, he settled 
 his affairs and returned to Dublin : " If you put the 
 question to me as a minister, I trust and assure you 
 that the money shall most undoubtedly be paid as 
 soon as "suits with public convenience ; but if you ask 
 me as a friend, whether Dean Berkeley should con- 
 tinue in America, expecting the payment of 20,000, 
 I advise him, by all means, to return home to Europe, 
 and to give up his present expectations." 
 
 The following tradition of the landing of Dean 
 Berkeley in Newport, we extract from " Memoirs of 
 Rhode Island," by the late Major Bull: 
 
 " The ship ran into the west passage, and came to anchor. 
 The Dean wrote a letter to Mr. Houyman, [rector of Trinity 
 Church,] which the pilots took on shore at Conanicut Island, 
 and called on a Mr. Gardner and Mr. Martin, two members of 
 Mr. Honyman's church, informing them that a great dignitary 
 of the Church of England, called Dean, was on board the ship, 
 together with other gentlemen passengers. They handed them 
 the letter from the Dean, which Gardner and Martin brought 
 to Newport in a small boat, with all possible dispatch. On 
 their arrrval they found Mr. Honyman at church, it being a 
 holyday on which divine service was held there. They then 
 sent the letter by a servant, who delivered it to Mr Honyman 
 in the pulpit. He opened it and read it to the congregation, 
 from the contents of which it appeared the Dean might be 
 expected to land in Newport every moment. The church was 
 dismissed with a blessing, and Mr. Honyman, with the war- 
 dens, vestry, church and congregation, male and female, re- 
 paired immediately to the Ferry wharf, where they arrived a 
 little before the Dean, his family and friends." 
 
 Berkeley was charmed with Rhode Island, and in 
 writing to his friends he describes it as " pleasantly 
 laid out in hills and vales and rising grounds, and hath 
 9
 
 98 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 plenty of excellent springs, and fine rivulets, and many 
 delightful landscapes of rocks, and promontories, and 
 adjacent lands." He soon became settled, and built 
 Whitehall, in the valley below us, and to approach it 
 we leave the main road to the left, enter a gate, and 
 follow the path a few rods to the house now fast 
 going to decay from neglect, and the wear of more 
 than a hundred New England winters. 
 
 The worthy dean found in Newport a society re- 
 fined and elevated, whose pursuits were congenial to 
 his tastes. With others, he soon formed a philoso- 
 phical association, comprising the names of men dis- 
 tinguished in their day for then: learning and liberality, 
 and who ultimately laid the foundation of the Red- 
 wo^d Library. 
 
 Whitehall was given by Berkeley to Yale College, 
 which still retains the fee, and he also presented that 
 institution with a considerable portion of his library. 
 Of his favorite resort, Major Bull thus speaks : 
 
 " During his residence at Whitehall he wrote his ' Minute 
 Philosopher,' and his celebrated poem, so oracular as to the future 
 destinies of America. These were principally written at a 
 place about half a mile to the south of his house. There he 
 had his chair and writing apparatus placed in a natural alcove 
 which he found in the most elevated part of the Hanging 
 Rocks, (so called) roofed and only open to the south, command- 
 ing at once a view of Sachuest Beach, the ocean and the 
 circumjacent islands. This hermitage was to him a favorite 
 and solitary retreat. He continued here about two years, per- 
 haps a little longer. He was certainly here as late as Septem- 
 ber, 1731, as appears by a supplementary inscription on the 
 tombstone of Nathaniel Kay, Esq , which is as follows, viz : 
 Joining to the south of this tomb, lies Lucia Berkeley, daughter 
 of Dean Berkeley, obit, the 5th of September, 1731." 
 
 And it is recorded of him by another : 
 
 " Hid preaching -was eloquent and forciile, and he always
 
 N L: w P o a T i L i, i 1 s T il A T i: D . 99 
 
 had a large congregation He was tolerant in religious opin- 
 ions, and members of all denominations flocked to hear him " 
 
 After Berkeley's return to England, he presented 
 Trinity Church with the organ, still seen in that edi- 
 fice. A recent examination of the records of the town 
 of Berkeley, Mass., has brought to light the fact that 
 the name of Berkeley was given to the parish as a 
 compliment to the dean, and that after his return to 
 Dublin he caused a magnificent organ to be built, 
 which he shipped to his agent at Newport, to be for- 
 warded to Berkeley. The selectmen of the latter 
 place, when they received the letter from the dean, 
 called a town meeting, and it was voted that " an or- 
 gan is an instrument of the devil for the entrapping of 
 men's souls," and would have nothing to do with it. 
 The vote was soon made known to Berkeley, who 
 subsequently presented the organ to Trinity Church. 
 The original case, of English oak, is still in use in. 
 the church, and it contains a part of the old works, 
 with the addition of such new pipes as were found 
 necessary when it was rebuilt a few years ago. 
 
 In 1753 Bishop Berkeley died at Oxford. He ex- 
 pired in his chair, of palsy of the heart, while his 
 wife was reading to him a sermon by Sherlock. So 
 easy was his death that some time elapsed before it 
 was known to those around him. 
 
 Leaving the quiet retreat, where an hour may be 
 spent most delightfully, we follow the road quite to 
 the foot of the hill, cross a slight bridge over a little 
 brook that ever flows on towards the sea overshau- 
 owed by drooping willows, and bordered by tall fi:i<js 
 and tangled wild flowers, and follow its course nea:ly
 
 100 N E W P O.R T ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 to the shore. Here it is gurgling at our feet, and there 
 it steals off through the meadows, only to return and 
 cross the road again before we finally turn our back 
 upon it. 
 
 Beyond the last narrow bridge the road opens upon 
 the sands of Sachuest Beach. To the left are the 
 hanging rocks, showing their dark sides and surmount- 
 ed with stunted spruce and fir trees ; on the extreme 
 left, Sachuest Point is whitened by the breakers, and 
 on the right, and almost in front, are the massive 
 rocks of Purgatory. Following the road to the right, 
 and passing the old boat house by the gate, we soon 
 reach the summit of the hill, from which another view 
 of Easton's Beach may be obtained, with the spires of 
 the city in the distance, cutting sharp against the sun- 
 set sky.
 
 CHAPTER XIX. 
 
 LIBERTY TREE. HENRY MARCHANT, ESQ. HON. WM. ELLERY. 
 
 LIBERTY TREE. 
 
 AT the head of Thames Street stood the venerable 
 Liberty Tree, spreading abroad its bleached and 
 naked limbs, that groan and crackle beneath the blasts 
 of winter, and afford no sheltering shade during the 
 heat of summer. 
 <)*'
 
 102 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 In 1766, Wm. Read, Esq., deeded to Wm. Ellery, 
 John Collins, Robert Cooke and Samuel Fowler, the 
 Liberty Tree lot. The instrument, drawn up by 
 Henry Marchant, Esq., is to this effect : 
 
 Said lot and tree thereon, were conveyed to the grantees " in 
 trust, and for ever thereafter to be known by the name of the 
 ' Tree of Liberty,' to be set apart to, and for the use of, the 
 Sons of Liberty ; and that the same stand as a monument of 
 the spirited and noble opposition to the Stamp Act, in the 
 year 1765, by the Sons of Liberty in Newport, and throughout 
 the continent of North America, and to be considered as em- 
 blematical of Public Liberty taking deep root in English 
 America, of her strength and spreading protection, of her 
 benign influences, refreshing her sons in all their just struggles 
 against the attempts of tyranny and oppression. And further- 
 more, the said Tree of Liberty is destined and set apart, for 
 exposingto public ignominy and reproach, all offenders against 
 the liberties of the country, and the abettors and approvers of 
 such as would enslave her. And, in general, said tree is 
 hereby set apart, for such other purposes as they, the true-born 
 Sons of Liberty, shall, from time to time, from age to age, and 
 in all times and ages hereafter, apprehend, judge and resolve, 
 may subserve the glorious cause of Public Liberty." 
 
 The British destroyed the tree thus dedicated ; but 
 after the evacuation, the present tree was planted by 
 a party of thirteen, in 1783, whose names are en- 
 graved on the plate of copper, now nearly covered by 
 the bark of the tree. 
 
 " They are gone all gone," it seemed to say ; 
 " They are all in their graves, and why should I stay ]" 
 The stout old hands that planted me here 
 Have been mouldering now for many a year ; 
 Their children and children's children I 've seen 
 Laid down in the shade of my branches green ; 
 That stalwart race is gone from the land, 
 And why should I any longer stand 1 
 My royal equals, too, of the wood, 
 Who in other days around me stood, 
 The motherly elm and the fatherly oak, 
 Have bowed to decay or the woodman's stroke ;
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 103 
 
 The poplar, the beech, and the dark green ash, 
 
 Have startled the fields with their farewell crash ; 
 
 They have left me here in my solitude, 
 
 O'er the memories of the past to brood, 
 
 And over my present misery, 
 
 A poor, old, naked and useless tree, 
 
 ****** 
 " 0, men that have hearts of flesh, (I pray,) 
 
 That the woes of a poor old tree can feel, 
 
 Come to my help with the merciful steel ! 
 
 Come with your axes, and lay me low ! 
 
 They are gone, and.'t is time I too should go. 
 
 Build in the chimney my funeral pyre, 
 
 And let me mount on wings of fire, 
 
 To crown with deathless green the shore 
 
 Where the fathers are gathered for evermore."* 
 
 Henry Marchant, Esq., already alluded to in this 
 chapter, was a native of Martha's Vineyard. He 
 was brought to Newport when he was but four years 
 of age, and here he passed the remainder of his life 
 in the practice of the law. In the office of Judge 
 Trowbridge, of Cambridge, he acquired a thorough 
 knowledge of his profession ; and when he com- 
 menced practising, he was the only dissenting or 
 liberal lawyer in the colony. He met with a strong 
 opposition from the majority party, but his legal abili- 
 ties had only to be known to command for him an 
 overwhelming majority ; and he found no difficulty in 
 maintaining his seat in the Legislature for a number 
 of years, through all the vicissitudes of party. During 
 the Revolution, he was an active leader of the Whig 
 party, and one of the most obnoxious individuals to 
 the ministerialists. Elected a delegate to the Conti- 
 nental Congress, he was one of the signers of the 
 Confederation, and while signing, he aid, the guns 
 
 * " Songs of Field, and Flood," by Rev. C. T. Brooks.
 
 104 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 of the Battle of the Brandywine were roaring in his 
 ears. And his biographer adds : " Upon the organi- 
 zation of the government under the Constitution, he 
 was nominated by Gen. Washington, then President 
 of the United States, Judge of the District Court of 
 Rhode Island, and his nomination was unanimously 
 confirmed. The duties of that office were discharged 
 with distinguished ability and reputation until his 
 death." 
 
 The remains of Mr. Marchant were interred in 
 the North Burying Ground, near the Perry Monu- 
 ment. 
 
 The large white house on Thames Street, and 
 near to the Liberty Tree, was the residence of the 
 late Hon. William Ellery, and is still occupied by his 
 descendants. 
 
 Hon. Wm. Ellery was born at Newport, Dec. 22d, 
 1727. He graduated at Harvard, and entered life as 
 a merchant In this pursuit he was successful, and 
 at one time he was Naval Officer for the port. In 
 1770 Mr. Ellery began the practice of the law, and 
 he was soon in the enjoyment of a lucrative business. 
 In 1776, with Stephen Hopkins, he was elected a 
 delegate to the memorable Congress, and was one of 
 the signers of the Declaration of Independence. Du- 
 ring his public life he was constantly employed on 
 some of the most responsible duties, and at a time 
 when his services were most needed, he was a con- 
 spicuous member of the Marine Committee. He left 
 Congress in 1785, and in 1790 he was appointed 
 Collector of the Customs at Newport. 
 
 Mr. Ellery contributed largely to the journals of
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 105 
 
 his day, in behalf of order, public faith and efficient 
 government. He studied the Bible diligently and 
 reverently, and acquainted himself with the opinions 
 and reasons of hostile theologians. Humility was 
 the virtue he prized the most, and he was a sincere 
 advocate of religious freedom. 
 
 Mr. Ellery was a self-made man, and his success 
 was the result of self-inspection and self-resistance.
 
 CHAPTER XX. 
 
 FIRST BAPTIST CHF7RCH. SKCOND BAPTIST. CENTRAL BAPTIST. 
 
 MKTHODIST. UNITARIAN. EPISCOPAL MISSION. FH1ENDS. 
 
 ROMAN CATHOLIC. CONGREGATIONAL. UNION COLORED. 
 
 E should here make mention of the churches of 
 Newport that have not already appeared in 
 these pages. 
 
 The First Baptist Church stands on Spring Street, 
 to the rear of the State House. The society was 
 formed very early in the history of the country 
 either in May, 1639, or March, 1638. It has been a 
 matter of dispute between this society and the First 
 Baptist Church in Providence, which is entitled to 
 priority. 
 
 Dr. John Clark was the first pastor, and the first 
 place of worship for the society was erected on Green 
 End. The society was at different times under the 
 pastoral charge of Rev. Obediah Holmes, a graduate 
 of Oxford ; Rev. John Coiner ; Rev. John Callender, 
 whose historical sermon, preached March, 1738, will 
 ever be prized by Rhode Islanders ; Rev. Michael 
 Eddy, who discharged the duties of his office a pe- 
 riod of nearly fifty years, and irmuy others, distinguish- 
 ed alike for their labors of love and devotion to the 
 cause of Christ. 
 
 The society at the present time is under the charge 
 of Rev. S. Adlam.
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 107 
 
 The Second Baptist Church was established in 
 1656 the first pastor was Rev. Win. Vaughan, who 
 presided over the society till 1677. Among his suc- 
 cessors the more distinguished were Rev. Gardner 
 Thurston ; Rev. Mr. Elton and Rev. Mr. Gammell 
 the latter, respected and beloved in no ordinary de- 
 gree, was sudden struck down by death in 1827, in 
 the midst of great usefulness. His memory is cher- 
 ished by members of all denominations who were so 
 fortunate as to possess his friendship. 
 
 The present pastor is the Rev. C. H. Malcom. 
 
 The Second Baptist Church stands at the corner of 
 Meeting and Farewell Streets, and is a gothic struc- 
 ture, built of wood. 
 
 The Central Baptist Society worship at their church 
 in Clarke Street. They were established in 1847, 
 purchased the edifice formerly occupied by the Second 
 Congregational Church, and invited Rev. Henry Jack- 
 son to be their pastor. Since his death, Rev. Mr. 
 Robbins has been minister to the church. 
 
 The building has been lengthened, raised, modern- 
 ized within and without, and is now a pleasing and 
 most comfortable church. Before the change the ap- 
 pearance of the interior was very cold and repulsive. 
 
 This edifice was set on fire by lightning in 1764, 
 and in Dr. Stiles' Diary, for August 20, 1 666, we find 
 the following entry 
 
 "Dr. Franklin's Electrical Points were erected a top the spire 
 of my steeple. From the iron spindle there -descended two 
 lines of iron rod or wire, adown the N. E. and S E. corners of 
 the steeple to the ground. The points were of large brass wire, 
 extending about a foot above the vane. They are the first and 
 only electrical rods erected in the colony of Rhode Island, upon
 
 108 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 any Meeting House, or any public buildings, and I think there 
 is but one private house in the Colony guarded with them. In 
 Boston, Cambridge, and a few other places in New England, 
 points have lately been erected upon a few Meeting Houses, 
 and the Colleges." 
 
 The Methodist Church is located on Maryborough 
 Street. It was erected in 1806. 
 
 The first clergyman of this denomination was set- 
 tled in Newport in 1805. A society was shortly built 
 up, the present structure erected, and the church has 
 continued to prosper and increase. It is now under 
 the charge of the Rev. Mr. Davis. 
 
 The Unitarian Society worship at their church on 
 Mill Street. The society was organized in 1835, 
 and shortly after they purchased the church formerly 
 occupied by the First Congregational Church, under 
 the late Dr. Hopkins. The building was completely 
 modernized, and in turn we have the present pleasing 
 structure, which was dedicated in 1836, and the 
 following year the Rev. Chas. T. Brooks was ordained 
 as the pastor. Mr. Brooks has continued to preside 
 over the society ; not a year since he took passage 
 for India, looking to a change of scene and clime to 
 restore his wasted energies. 
 
 In the lot to the west of the church, Aug. 5, 1770, 
 Rev. Geo. Whitefield preached in the open air to the 
 crowds who gathered to hear him. The table on 
 which he stood is still in use in the vestry of the 
 Congregational Church. 
 
 A few years since, an Episcopal Mission was es- 
 tablished in the south part of the city ; a number of 
 families soon collected together, the room in which 
 they met was found too small to accommodate
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 109 
 
 them, and a building (formerly erected for a place of 
 worship, but then unoccupied) was hired, and the 
 society now known as Emanuel Church was es- 
 tablished. The church has continued to prosper, and 
 it has been sustained principally through contributions 
 from Trinity Church. Probably a handsome church 
 will shortly be built for the society, through the libe- 
 rality of a few friends of the cause, who have already 
 subscribed for that purpose a handsome sum. 
 
 The society is under the charge of Rev. Doct. 
 Balch. 
 
 The Society of Friends was early established on 
 this Island. The first record of their monthly meet- 
 ings dates from 1676. The annual meeting of the 
 society for the New England States, is held in this 
 city during the month of June. There are two meet- 
 ing-houses belonging to the two divisions ; the one on 
 Mann Avenue, and the other on Tanner Street. The 
 latter was erected about 1700. 
 
 In the early history of the colony, the most influen- 
 tial men in the public council were of the Society ot 
 Friends. Many members left the Island on the break- 
 ing out of the Revolution, never to return, but the 
 number residing within the county is still large. 
 
 There are two Roman Catholic Churches in New- 
 port, both belonging to one society. The one, on 
 Mount Vernon Street, was built in 1836. It was 
 slightly constructed, and already exhibits the marks 
 of decay. The other, dedicated within the past year, 
 stands on Spring Street, and is a great ornament to 
 the city. It is of freestone, gothic in style, and when 
 10
 
 J 10 X E W P O R T I I. I. I S T K .'. T ED. 
 
 the spire is completed, the effect from the harbor will 
 he very imposing. 
 
 This church is under the charge of Rev. William 
 O'Reilly. 
 
 The Congregational Church stands at the corner 
 of Spring and Pelham Streets, on an elevated site, 
 and shaded by a fine old English walnut, that is still 
 strong and vigorous, though it has withstood the 
 storms of more than a hundred winters. 
 
 Prior to 1833, there were two Congregational so- 
 cieties in Newport the one in Clarke Street, now 
 the Central Baptist; the other in Mill Street, now 
 the Unitarian but as neither society was in a pros- 
 perous condition, it was deemed expedient to join the 
 two bodies in one. A new edifice was erected in 
 1834, and the society lias rapidly increased in size, 
 nnd is now one of the largest and most influential in 
 the city, and has so much increased that a new edi- 
 fice (larger and in every way an improvement on the 
 r structure) has lvn recently erected. The 
 soci-eiy is at present under the charge of Rev. Thatcher 
 Tl uiyer. 
 
 The colored population of Newport have a church 
 of their own, in Division Street, known as the Union 
 Church. The society \v;is established in 1824, and 
 in 1835 they purchased the present building, which 
 they raised nd greatly improved.
 
 CHAPTER XXI. 
 
 PREDICTIONS. NEWPORT IN 1870. 
 
 VTEWPORT of to-day is fast fulfilling the hopes, and 
 *' giving reality to the anticipations of those who 
 years ago predicted for it a brilliant future. It was 
 firmly believed by those who knew her in her days of 
 commercial prosperity, that her wharves would again be 
 crowded, and her time of business activity return. 
 These anticipations have not been realized, but her 
 period of brilliancy has fully come. To show how really 
 these predictions have been fulfilled, we give an extract 
 from a letter written from Rio de Janeiro, in 1834, to a 
 friend in Newport, by a gentleman very well known in 
 political and literary circles. He says: "I find I love 
 poor, dear, old Newport, and most who inhabit it, even 
 more than I was aware of; and I calmly think, though 
 so far distant, and away from the misguiding prejudices 
 and affections of mere locality, thai its time of renova- 
 tion and comparative prosperity is near at hand. I pre- 
 dict this, not with anything like the certainty with which 
 the millennium has been predicted, or rather calculated, 
 by grave divines, but from the natural effects of time and 
 the inevitable progress of national prosperity. For pros- 
 perous as a whole, in spite of the follies of politicians 
 and the passions of parties, we shall be, and taste, opera- 
 ting upon opulence, directing it where to perch, some- 
 times where to settle, will, as I think, select in multiplied 
 instances, Rhode Island proper. People who have 
 11
 
 112 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 money will come there, at least in summer, to enjoy it; 
 those who are high in what is deemed rank, and are 
 safe in hereditary wealth, because they can display their 
 rank and wealth, advantageously ; those who have ac- 
 quired it hy hard knocks, because they can elegantly re- 
 pose from their labors; and those who have clinched it 
 by the little turns and tricks of trade, because they hope 
 they may be forgotten at a distance, and the glittering 
 butterfly never suspected of having been a grub. Our 
 relative naval position, too, must in time be duly appre- 
 ciated." 
 
 Our Island, then a decayed rural place, has become 
 the resort of thousands, seeking health or pleasure. 
 Bellevue and Ocean Avenues now offer an uninterrupted 
 drive of many miles, with the Atlantic in view for 
 almost the entire distance. Residences are occupying 
 sites formerly considered accessible only to the fisher- 
 man or the fowler; and no one would now be surprised at 
 the prediction that the time may not be far distant when 
 our whole Island shall be laid out for building purposes. 
 
 The beaches beyond the boat-house, the rocky shores 
 and beautiful inlets of Price's Neck, formerly seen only 
 by pedestrians, are now accessible to all. As will be 
 seen by the map, new roads now lead from the main 
 road to Bliss' road. Kay Street has been continued, and 
 extensive improvements have been projected or carried 
 out in the neighborhood of " Coddington's Cove " and 
 " Miautonomah Hill." The building sites thus made 
 serviceable, have been, many of them, occupied, and the 
 fine residences just built on the avenues and the cliffs, 
 equal, if not exceed, in value, most of those heretofore 
 erected. The older inhabitants bid a longing adieu to 
 Old Newport, with its quiet, quaint manners and cus-
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 113 
 
 toms, and sigh for the peaceful times when nothing 
 modern or fashionable intruded upon the quiet solitude 
 of a walk " to the Keck," and feel, like Leather Stocking, 
 that the place has become crowded, and it is time to de- 
 part. The younger rejoice in a time that will enable 
 them to obtain a livelihood in a place which they love 
 with the proverbial love of the Islander, intensified by 
 the admiration of its adopted residents. 
 
 It may not be inappropriate here to designate the most com- 
 mon places of interest. There are Easton's Beach, east of 
 City, through Bath Road, by Omnibus from the United States 
 Hotel; Pelham Street; Old Stone Mill, Touro Park; Pelham 
 St.; Redwood Library, Bellevue Avenue and Redwood Street; 
 Whitehall, Bliss Road, near Swamp Road; Jewish Synagogue, 
 Touro Street; Jewish Cemetery, Touro Street and Kay Street; 
 Spouting Rock, foot of Carroll Avenue; Boat House, foot of 
 Bellevue Avenue; Bailey's Beach, foot of Bellevue Avenue; 
 Purgatory, west side of Sachuest Beach ; Glen, four and a half 
 miles out on East Road; Lawton's Valley, four miles out on 
 "West Road; Fort Dumplings, on Conanicut Island, west of Fort 
 Adams; Forty Steps, east end of Narragansett Avenue; Lime 
 Rock, home of Ida Lewis, south end of Inner Harbor. 
 
 STRANGER'S GUIDE. 
 
 Railroads and Steamboats Newport and Wickford R. R. and 
 S. B. Co. 
 
 The steamer "Eolus" leaves the wharf at the foot of Pelham 
 Street. 
 
 Leaves Newport 6.30 A. M., 11.30 A. M., 5.30 P. M. 
 
 Arrives at Newport 10 A. M., 4.45 P. M., 8.30 P. M. 
 Connecting with New York and Providence trains. 
 
 Old Colony and Newport R. R. Co. Trains leave at arrival of 
 N. Y. Steamer, about 4 A. M., 7-40 A. M., 10.30 A. M. 3 P. M., 
 4 P. M. 
 
 Arrive at Newport from Boston, 11.15 A. M., 5.20 P. M., 7.15 
 P. M., 9 P. M. 
 
 10*
 
 114 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED 
 
 PROVIDENCE STEAMERS 
 
 Leave foot of Sayer's "Wharf for Providence and Rocky Point, 
 at 7.00 and 11.30 A. M., 1.30 and 4.30 P. M. 
 Leave Providence atO.OO A. M., 10.00 A. M., 2.00 and 5.00 P. M. 
 
 NEW YORK STEAMERS 
 
 Leave Long Wharf at 9.00 P. M., or on arrival of steamboat 
 train from Boston. 
 
 FERRY BOATS 
 
 For Conanincnt, leave Ferry Wharf every half-hour; Block 
 Island, leave Ferry Wharf Fridays ; Narragansett Pier, leave 
 Swinburn's Wharf, Monday and Friday at about 2.00 P. M. ; 
 Wickford, leave Ferry Wharf, each afternoon, at about 3 o'clock, 
 P.M. 
 
 LIBRARIES. 
 
 Redwood Bellevue Avenue and Redwood Streets; B. H. 
 Rhoades, Librarian. People's Library Thomas Street; Miss 
 Dame, Librarian. Mechanics' Library Church Street; Jas. 
 H. Goddard, Librarian. Hammond Circulating Library Touro 
 Street; Miss H. Rodman. 
 
 CHURCHES. 
 
 Central Baptist, Church street, N. J. Wheeler. 
 First Baptist, Spring street, C. E. Barrows. 
 North Baptist, Marlborough street, C. H. Malcom. 
 Shiloh Baptist, Barney street, G. W. Hamlin. 
 United Congregational, Spring and Pelham street, T. Thayer. 
 Union Congregational, Division street, M Van Horn. 
 Friends, corner of Tanner and Marlborough streets, S. Rich- 
 ardson and C. Bowen, authorized preachers. 
 Jewish Synagogues, Touro street. 
 African Methodist, Spruce street, J. P. Shreves. 
 Marlborough Street Methodist, E. S. Stanly. 
 Thomas Street Methodist, corner Brewery street, B. A. Chase.
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 115 
 
 EPISCOPAL. 
 
 All Saints' Chapel, Beach and Cottage streets, Mr. Mercer. 
 
 Emanuel, Spring and Dearborn streets, S. C. Hill. 
 
 Kay Chapel, Church street. 
 
 Trinity Church, Church and Spring streets, I. P. White. 
 
 Zion Church, Touro and Clark streets, T. Logan Murphy. 
 
 ROMAN CATHOLIC. 
 
 Church of St. Mary, Spring and Levin, street, Mr. Grace. 
 Seaman's Bethel, Long Wlmrf. 
 Unitarian Church, Mill street, C. T. Brooks. 
 
 TABLE OF DISTANCES AND HEIGHTS IN NEWPORT 
 ^.ND VICINITY. 
 
 FKOM WICKFOKD WHARF. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 To North End Prudence Island 8.24 
 
 " South End Prudence Island 6.36 
 
 " Quonset Point 2.31 
 
 " North End Connanicut Island 3.78 
 
 " Beaver Tail Light 8.70 
 
 FROM NORTH END GOULD ISLAND. 
 
 To South End Prudence Island 3.58 
 
 FROM NORTH POINT CONNANICUT ISLAND. 
 
 To South End Prudence Island 2.34 
 
 FROM COMMERCIAL WHARF, NEWPORT. 
 
 To nearest Wharf, Fort Adams 0.90 
 
 " Rose Island Wharf 1.37 
 
 " Goat Island Wharf. 0.43 
 
 FROM OCEAN HOUSE CUPOLA, NEWPORT. 
 
 To Telegraph Hill (coast survey signal) 1.87 
 
 " Miantonomoh (coast survey signal) 1.99 
 
 FROM MIANTONOMOH HILL C. 8. SIGNAL. 
 
 To Fort Adams Flagstaff. 2.59 
 
 Length of Connanicut in straight line 8.04 
 
 of Rhode Island in straight line 15.85 
 
 " of Goat Island from light-house to southern point. . . .0.74 
 
 Greatest width of Prudence Island in straight line 1.39 
 
 of Connanicut in straight line 1.72 
 
 " of Island of Rhode Island in straight line 4.02 
 
 Length of Easton's Beach, Newport, from end of Bath Road 
 
 to Bridge, in straight line 0.58 
 
 " of Sachuest Beach to Bridge, in straight line 1.22 
 
 DISTANCES BY ROAD, ISLAND OF RHODE ISLAND, FROM BRISTOL 
 FERRY WHARF. 
 
 To Court House, Newport, by East Road. 11.55 
 
 " Court House, Newport, by West Road 10.92 
 
 " Centre Easton's Beach, shortest road 12.22 
 
 ;< Centre Sichuest Beach, shortest road 11.25 
 
 " Centre Third Beach, shortest road 11.63
 
 116 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 To Purgatory 11.13 
 
 " Paradise Rocks 10.75 
 
 FROM COURT HOUSE, NEWPORT. 
 
 To Stone Bridge, by East Road 11. 68 
 
 " Glen 6.29 
 
 " Centre Third Beacli (around Parade) 4.05 
 
 " Centre Sachuest Beach (around Parade) 3.48 
 
 " Centre Easton's Beach (around Parade) 1.49 
 
 " Purgatory 2.72 
 
 " Paradise Rocks 3.55 
 
 " Fort Adams Parade, via Thames street and Wellington 
 
 Avenue 3.77 
 
 " Pirate*** Cave, near Bateman's, by outer road, past Mr. 
 
 Bronson's residence 4 28 
 
 Around Neck via Thames street and Wellington Aveime, 
 
 by outer road, Ocean and Bellevue Avenues, back to 
 
 C. H 10.69 
 
 To Spouting Rock via Thames street 2.63 
 
 *' Boat House via Bellevue Avenue around Parade 2.5)8 
 
 " Miantonomoh Hill 1.52 
 
 ALONG CLIFF PATH, NEWPORT, FROM BATH ROAD. 
 
 To Narragansett Avenue '. . . . 0.61 
 
 " Marine Avenue 1.41 
 
 Boat House(total length of Cliff Path) 2.77 
 
 FROM OCEAN HOUSE, NEWPORT. 
 
 To Beginning of Cliff Path on Bath Road 0.78 
 
 " Boat House via Bellevue Avenue 2.24 
 
 FROM POST OFFICE BY T1IE ROAD. 
 
 Feet. 
 
 To Wellington Avenue 0.55* or 2915J 
 
 Berkeley 0.!>4* 
 
 King Street " 1.03 
 
 Fillnv re Street 1.15 
 
 Harrison Avenue 1.40 
 
 B:i 1 1 v's Tree 2.14 
 
 Fort Road 2.21 
 
 Road to Castle Hill 2.61 
 
 Gate of Bronscn House 3.30 
 
 500(1 i 
 5414* 
 
 11,327* 
 11.6894 
 
 17,459i 
 
 HEIGHTS, NARRAGAN8ETT BAY, ABOVE HIGH WATER MARK. 
 
 \ Xotf. These heights marked (A) (approximate) are taken by 
 measurement with vertical arc. All others are by careful level 
 measurement.] 
 
 Feet. 
 
 Quaker Hill, Island of Rhode Island (A) 280.00 
 
 :F:ill River, northeast ror. Stevens and New Boston Road. .254.45 
 Fall River, Hathaway's steps, corner Cottage and Second 
 
 street* 242 94 
 
 Fall River, stone upper end Huthawny Av 242.73 
 
 Mount Hot>e 217.00 
 
 Barber's Heights, highest point, western shore of Bay, 
 
 west of road from Wickford to Narragansett Pier (A) 200.00
 
 NEWPORT ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 117 
 
 Crotch lightning rod, house of Henry Bui!, Esq., New- 
 port (A) 180.95 
 
 Highest point Prndeuee Islsmd (A) 170.00 
 
 Miantonomoh Hill, base of U. S. Coast Survey Signal 157.75 
 
 Highest Point Connanicut Island (A) 130.00 
 
 Top of cupola house, Theodore Phinnev, Esq., (A) 111.05 
 
 Telegraph Hill (A) 102.43 
 
 HEIGHTS IN NEWPORT BY LEVEL ABOVE HIGH WATER MARK. 
 
 Feet. 
 
 N. E. corner Oreenough Place and Catherine Street 95.00 
 
 " Fillmore and Catherine Street 90.90 
 
 S. E. " Pelham Street and Bellevue Avenue 86.00 
 
 " Club House and Church Street 8.5.50 
 
 " " Greenough Place and Ayrault Street 83.70 
 
 N. W. " Bull and Kay Strepts 80.60 
 
 " Touro and Kay Streets 80.00 
 
 " John Street and Bellevue Avenue 80.00 
 
 S. W. " Bellevue Avenue and William Street 76.40 
 
 N. \V. " Mann Avenue and Kay Street 75.80 
 
 " Kay and Ayrault Streets 72.40 
 
 Touro Street, base of lamp post, Mrs. Armington's House . .70.00 
 
 Ooean House, lower step, south end 70.00 
 
 Mr. Powel's gate, Bowery Street 70.00 
 
 N. W. corner Clay Street and Narragansett Avenue 64.00 
 
 Flagstone door step west side house Edward King, Esq 62.25 
 
 N. W. corner Clay Street and Bellevue Avenue 62.42 
 
 ' Mt. Vernon and Touro streets, base lamp post. 60.00 
 
 S. side Bowery Street, opposite Mr. King's gate 60.00 
 
 S. E. corner Bellevue Avenue and Dixon Street 60.00 
 
 S. W. " Berkeley Avenue, Bridge 60.00 
 
 N. \V. " Dixon Street. Bridge 6(i.OO 
 
 N. E. " Narragansett and Bellevue Avenues 59.00 
 
 N. W. " Webster Street Hnd Bellevue Avenue 52.60 
 
 S. W. School and Touro Streets 50.00 
 
 Spring and Dixon Stree's 40.00 
 
 Perry and Spring Streets 40.00 
 
 Division and Touro Streets b ise lamp post 40.00 
 
 N. E. Broad and Cranston Streets 40.00 
 
 S. E. Tanner Street and Equality Park 39.00 
 
 N. E. Pelham and Spring Streets 37.19 
 
 Mann Avenue and Broad Street 34.40 
 
 S. W. Tanner and Spruce Streets 33 50 
 
 N. W. Tanner and Callen^er Avenue 30.00 
 
 S. W. Touro and Spring Streets 30.00 
 
 N. side P Iha-n Street, opposite Stewart's stable 20.00 
 
 S. W. co ner Farewell and Broad Streets 20.00 
 
 N. E. Fare *ell and Warner Streets 20.00 
 
 S. E. Thames and Dearborn Streets 10.00 
 
 Brewery and Thames Streets 10.00 
 
 N. W. Hammett's lumber vard anil Thames Street. . .10.00 
 
 N. E. Tlumes Street and U. S. Hotel 10.00 
 
 S. side Touro Strpet, crossing at foot of Parade 10.00 
 
 N. E. corner Marlboro* and Thames Streets 3.30
 
 This book is DUE on the last 
 date stamped below. 
 
 HIGH WAI 
 
 Sunday. 
 
 Mor 
 
 4 
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 18 
 25 
 
 8.44 
 2.31 
 
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 5 
 12 
 19 
 26 
 
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 RAND INC. 20 
 
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 23 
 30 
 
 7-34 
 
 1. 12 
 
 O.OO 
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 3 
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 24 
 31 
 
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 0.00 
 
 1039 
 
 4.06 
 
 8 
 15 
 22 
 29 
 
 634 
 0.30 
 
 5-58 
 11.25 
 
 
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 6 
 13 
 20 
 27 
 
 O.OO 
 
 5-29 
 
 10.56 
 5-05 
 
 14 
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 28 
 
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 10.47 
 
 3-37 
 9.24 
 
 2-47 
 
 5 
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 3-5! 
 
 
 
 3 
 10 
 17 
 24 
 
 10.53 
 
 4.01 
 
 9.41 
 
 3-47 
 
 4 
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 25 
 
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 REMINGTON 
 
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 9-24 
 
 2.12 
 
 213 (533) 8.12 
 
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 30 
 
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 2-4 
 
 8.4
 
 3 1158 00719 1579 
 
 UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY 
 
 A 001 338 063 9