THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES OFFICIAL REPORT OF THE PROCEEDINGS DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, JUNE 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 AND JULY 1 AND 2, 1912 RESULTING IX THE XOM1XATION OF HON. WOODROW WILSON (OF NEW JERSEY) FOR PRESIDENT HON. THOMAS RILEY MARSHALL (OF INDIANA) FOR VICE-PRESIDENT COMPILED BY UREY WOODSON MILTON W. BLUMENBERG OFFICIAL REPORTER The Peterson Linotyping Co. 531 Plymouth Place. Chicago. JK DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION CONVENTION HALL, FIFTH MARYLAND REGIMENT ARMORY, BALTIMORE, MD., June 25, 1912. "THE PRESIDING OFFICER: (Mr. Norman E. Mack, of New York, Chairman of the Democratic National Committee, at 12 o'clock meridian). The Convention will come to order. The call of the Na- tional Committee for the Convention will be read. The official call for the Democratic National Convention was read as follows : WASHINGTON, D. C., January 9, 1912. To THE DEMOCRATS OF THE UNITED STATES: By the authority of the Democratic National Executive Committee a National Convention of the Democratic party is hefeby called to meet in the City of Baltimore, Maryland, on Tuesday, the 25th of June, 1912, at twelve o'clock noon, to nominate candidates for the Presidency and Vice-Presidency of the United States, to declare a party platform, and to take such other action as may be deemed advisable. Delegates and alternates from each State of the Union shall be chosen to the number of two delegates for every Senator and two delegates for every Representative from the States respectively in the Congress of the United States, under the Congressional reapportionment of districts based upon the census of 1910. In addition, the Territory of Alaska and the District of Columbia are 'entitled to six delegates and six alternates each, and six delegates and six alternates likewise allotted each to the Philip- pines, Hawaii and Porto Rico. In the choice of delegates and alternates to represent the States and the Territories at the said National Convention the Democratic State or Territorial committees may, if not otherwise directed by the law of such States or Territories, provide for the direct election of such delegates or alternates if in the opinion of the respective committees it is deemed desirable and possible to do so with proper safeguards. Where such pro- vision is not made by the respective committees for the choice of dele- gates and alternates, and where the State laws do not provide specifically the manner of such choice, then the delegates and alternates to the said 1 673007 2 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE National Convention shall be chosen in the manner that governed the choice of delegates from the respective States and Territories to the last Democratic National Convention. NORMAN E. MACK, Ch'airm'an. UREY WOODSON, Secretary. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Prayer will be offered by His Eminence, Cardinal Gibbons. PRAYER OF HIS EMINENCE JAMES CARDINAL GIBBONS. ARCHBISHOP OF BALTIMORE. His Eminence James Cardinal Gibbons, Archbishop of Baltimore, offered the following prayer: We pray Thee O God of might, wisdom and justice, through Whom authority is rightly administered, laws are enacted and judgment de- creed, assist with Thy Holy Spirit of counsel and fortitude, the President of these United States, that his administration may be conducted in righteousness, and be eminently useful to Thy people over whom he pre- sides, by encouraging due respect for virtue and religion, by a faith- ful execution of the laws in justice and mercy and by restraining vice and immorality. Let the light of Thy divine Wisdom direct the deliberations of this Convention and shine forth in all its proceedings and enactments', so . that they may tend to the preservation of peace and g<5od will and the promotion of concord and harmony. May authority be exercised in this Convention without despotism, and liberty prevail without license. May this Convention demonstrate once more to the American people and to the world at large that the citi zens of the United States have solved the problem of self-government by exercising and tolerating the broadest apd most untrammeled freedom of discussion in their political assemblies, without dethroning reason and without invading the sacred and inviolable rights of law and of public- order. May the delegates assembled to select a candidate for Chief Magis trate be ever mindful that they are the sons of the same heavenly Father, that they are brothers of the same national family, that they are fellow citizens of the same glorious Republic, that they are the joint heirs of the same heritage of freedom, and may it be their highest ambi- tion to transmit this precious inheritance, unimpaired, to their chiMren and their children's children. May the consciousness of this community of interests banish from their hearts all bitterness, hatred and ill will, and inspire them with sentiments of genuine charity, benevolence and mutual respect and forbearance. We recommend likewise to Thy unbounded mercy all our brethren and fellow citizens throughout the United States, that they may be blessed in the knowledge and sanctified in the observance of Thy mosr DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 3 holy law; that they may be preserved in union and in that peace which the world cannot give, and after enjoying the blessings of this life, they may be admitted to those which are eternal. Our Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be Thy name. Thy king- dom come. Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen. SELECTION OF TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: I am instructed by the National Committee to submit the name of Hon. Alton B. Parker, of New York, for Tempo- rary Chairman of the Convention. Other nominations are in order. MR. WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN, of Nebraska: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, I rise to place in nomination for the office of temporary chairman of this convention the name of Hon. John W. Kern, of Indiana. [Applause.] And in thus dissenting from the judg- ment of our National Committee as expressed in its recommendation, I recognize that the burden of proof is upon me to overthrow the assump- tion that the committee can claim that it is representing the wishes of this Convention and of the party in the nation. [Applause.] I call your attention to the fact that our rules provide that the recommendation of the committee is not final. I remind you that the very fact that this Convention has the right to accept or reject that recommendation is con- clusive proof that the presumption in favor of this convention is a higher presumption than that in favor of the wisdom of the committee. [Applause.] If any of you ask me for my credentials, if any of you inquire why I, a mere delegate to this Convention from one of the smaller States, should presume to present a name and ask you to accept it in place of 1 the name they presented, I beg to tell you, if it needs to be told, that in three campaigns I have been the champion of the Democratic party's principles, and that in three campaigns I have received the vote of six millions and a half of Democrats. [Applause.] If that is not proof that I have the confidence of the party of this nation, I shall not attempt to furnish proof. I remind you that confidence reposed in a human being - with it certain responsibilities, and I would'not be worthy of the- confidence and the affection that have been showered upon me by the Democrats of this nation if I were not willing to risk humiliation in their defense. I recognize that a man can not carry on a political warfare in de- fense of the mass of the people for sixteen years without making enemies. and I recognize that there has been no day since the day I was nomi- nated in Chicago when these enemies have not been industrious in their efforts to attack me from every standpoint. The fact that I have lived 4 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE . is proof that I have not deserted the people. If for a moment I had forgotten them, they would not have remembered me. I tako for my text this morning the text that the committee has been kind enough to place upon the wall for my use. He "never soJd the truth to serve the hour. ' ' That is the language of the hero of Monti- cello, and I would not be worthy of the support I have received if I were willing to sell the truth to serve the present hour. We are told by those who support the Committee's recommendation that it is disturbing harmony to oppose their conclusions. Let me free myself from any criticism that any one may have made heretofore or may attempt hereafter. Is there any other delegate in this body of more than ten hundred who tried earlier than I to secure harmony in this Convention? I began several weeks ago. I announced to the sub-coin mittee that I would not be a candidate for Temporary Chairman. I might have asked without presumption that at the end of sixteen years of battle, when I find the things I have fought for not only triumphant in my own party but even in the Republican party, the'modest honor of standing before this Convention and voicing the rejoicing of my party. [Applause.] But I was more interested in harmony than I was in the chance to speak to this Convention. Not only that, but I advised this Committee to consult the two leading candidates, the men who to- gether have nearly two-thirds of this Convention instructed for them, and get their approval of some man 's nomination, that there might be no contest in this Convention. [Applause.] My friends, what suggestion could I have then made more in the interest of harmony than to ask this Committee to allow two-thirds of this Convention a voice in the selection of its temporary chairman? In the discussion before the sub-committee the friends of Mr. Clark and the friends of Mr. Wilson were not able to a.gree; one supported , Mr. James and the other supported Mr. Henry ; but in the full committee last night the friends of Mr. Wilson joined the friends of Mr. Clark in the support of Mr. James, Mr. Clark's choice, and yet the Committee turned down the joint request thus made. I submit to you that the plan that I followed was the plan for the securing of harmony; and that the plan which the Committee followed was not designed to secure harmony. [Applause.] Let me for a moment present the qualifications of one fitted for this position. This is no ordinary occasion. This is an epoch-making ( '(in- vention. We have had such a struggle as was never seen in politics before. I have been in the center of this fight, and I know something of the courage that it has brought forth, and something of the sacrifice .that has been required. I know that men working upon the railroad for small wages, with but little laid up for their retiring years, have defied the railroad managers and helped us in this progressive fight at the risk of having their bread and butter taken from them. I have known men engaged in business and carrying loans at banks who have been threat- DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 5 ened with bankruptcy if they did not sell their citizenship, and yet I have seen them, defying these men, walk up and vote on the side of the struggling masses against predatory wealth. [Applause.] I have seeu lawyers risking their future, alienating men of large business, in order to be the champions of the poor. I have seen this struggle go on. I have seen men who had never made a speech before go out and devote \\reks of time to public speaking, because their hearts were stirred. It seems to me that now, when the hour of triumph comes, the song of victory should be sung by one whose heart has been in the fight. John W. Kern has been faithful every day in those sixteen years. It has cost him time, it has cost him money, and it has cost him the wear of his body and his mind. He has been free always with all that he had; and four years ago, when the foundation was laid for the present vic- tory, it was John W. Kern who stood by my side when we took the last stronghold of the enemy. It was John W. Kern who stood with me and helped to bring into the campaign the idea of publicity before the election, that has now swept the country, until even the Kepublican party was compelled by public opinion to give it unanimous endorsement only a few weeks ago. [Applause.] It was John W. Kern who stood with me on the Denver platform that demanded the election of Senators by direct vote of the people, when a Republican National Convention had turned it down by a vote of seven to one; and now he is in the United States Senate, where he can make a Senator look as big as a Senator ought to look to the American people. [Applause.] He helped in the fight for the Amendment authorizing an income tax, and he has lived to see a President who was opposed to us take that plank out of our plat- form and put it through Senate and House, and thirty-four States of the Union have ratified it; and now he is leading the fight in the United States Senate to purge that body of Senator Lorimer, who typifies the supremacy of corruption in politics. [Applause.] " What better man could we have to open a convention? I repeat, what better man could we find to represent the militant spirit of democracy? [Applause.] My friends, when I come to contrast him with the candi- date presented by the Committee, I can do it without impeaching his character or his good intent. But, my friends, not every man of high character or good intent is a fit man to sound the keynote of a progressive campaign. There are seven million Republicans in this country, or were at the time of the last election, and I have never doubted that the vast majority of them were men of high character and good intent, but we would not invite one of them to be Temporary Chairman of our Convention. We have a great many Democrats who vote the ticket who are not in full sympathy with the purposes of the party. I not only voted the ticket, but I made speeches for the candidate when I was not at all satisfied with either the candidate or the influences that nominated him and directed the campaign of 1904. [Applause.] And I assume that no friend of Judge 6 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE Parker will contend that he was entirely satisfied in 1908 with either the candidate or all of the plans and purposes of our party. I remind you that this is not a question where personal ambitions or personal compliments or the pleasant things are uppermost. We a#e writing history today, and this Convention is to announce to the country whether it will take up the challenge thrown down at Chicago by a Con- vention controlled by predatory wealth, or answer it by putting ourselves under the same control and giving the people no party to represent them. [Applause.] We need not deceive ourselves that that which is done in a National Convention is done in secret. If every member of this Convention entered into an agreement of secrecy we would still act under the eyes of the representatives of the press, who know not only what we do, but why we do it, and who told us to do it. [Applause.] And the delegates of this Convention must not presume upon the ignorance of those people who did not come, either because they had not influence enough to be elected delegates or money enough to pay the expenses of the trip, but who have as much interest in the party 's welfare as we who speak for them today. [Applause.] Those people will know that the influences which dominated the Convention at Chicago and made its conclusions a farce before the country are here and are more brazenly at work than they were at Chicago. [Applause.] ""* I appeal to you: Let the commencement of this Convention be such a commencement that the Democrats of this country may raise their heads among their fellows and say, ' ' The Democratic party is true to the people. You can not frighten it with your Ryans nor buy it with your Belmonts. " [Applause.] My friends, if the candidate selected by the Committee were an unknown man we would judge him by the forces that are back of him, and not by you gentlemen who may try to convince yourselves that you owe it to the Committee to sustain its action even though you believe it a mistake. That, my friends, is not the question. We know who the candidate is as well as the men behind him. We know that he is the man chosen eight years ago when the Democratic party, beaten in two campaigns, decided it was worth while to try to win a campaign under the leader- ship of those who had defeated us in the campaigns before. The country has not forgotten that that Convention was influenced to its act by the promise of large campaign funds from Wall Street, and it has not forgotten the fact that after the corporation management of that cam- paign had alienated the rank and file of the party, Wall Street threw the party down and elected the other man. [Applause.] It has not for- gotten that when the votes were counted we had a million aijd a quarter less votes than we had in the two campaigns before, and a million and a quarter less than we had in the election four years afterward. It has ot forgotten that it is the same man backed by the same influence that PKMOUnATIC NATIONAL CONTENTION 7 is to be forced on this Convention to open a progressive campaign with a paralyzing speech that will dishearten every man in it. [Applause.] You ask me how I know without reading it that that speech would not be satisfactory. Let me tell you; a speech is not so many words; it is the man and not the words that makes the speech. We have been passing through a great educational age, and the demo- n-it ir movement has been sweeping all obstacles before it around the world. In Kussia emancipated serfs have secured the right to a voice in their government. In Persia the people have secured a constitution. In Turkey the man who every hour was in danger of being cast into prison without an indictment, or beheaded without a charge against him, now has some influence in the molding of the laws. And China, the sleeping giant of the Orient, has risen from a slumber of two thousand years and today is a republic waiting for recognition. And while the outside world has been marching at double quick in the direction of more com- plete freedom, cur nation has kept step, and on no other part of God 's footstool has popular government grown more rapidly than here. In every State the fight has been waged. The man whom I present has been the leader of the progressive cause in his State, and once joint leader in the nation. I challenge you to find in sixteen years an occasion where the candi- date presented by the Committee has, before an election, gone out and rendered any effective service in behalf of any man who was fighting the people's cause against plutocracy. Now this is the situation which we have to meet. The Democratic party has led this fight until its action has stimulated a host of Eepub- licans to imitation. I will not say these Republicans have acted as they have because we acted first; I would rather say that they at a later hour than we hare caught the spirit of the time and are now willing to trust the people with the control of their own government. [Applause.] We have been traveling in the wilderness. We have now come in sight of the promised land. During all the weary hours of darkness progressive democracy has been the people's pillar of fire by night. I pray you, delegates, now the dawn has come, do not rob our party of the right so well earned to be the people's pillar of cloud by day. [Applause.] THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Gentlemen of the Convention, I present as the next speaker Senator John W. Kern, of Indiana. [Applause.] MR. JOHN W. KERN, of Indiana: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the! < 'omention, I desire a hearing in order that I may state my reason for not desiring to enter the contest for Temporary Chairman of this Con- vention. I believe that by forty years of service to my party I have earned the right to such a hearing at the hands of a Democratic Con- vention. [Applause.] I hail from the State of Indiana, which will shortly present to this Convention for its consideration the name of one of the best, truest, and most gallant Democrats on this earth, in the 8 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE person of the Honorable Thomas E. Marshall, the Governor of that State. I [Applause.] ^*" I desire to take no part in this Convention that will in any wise militate against him or against his interests, which all true Indiana Democrats this day loyally support. I have been for many years a personal friend of the gentleman who has been named by the National Committee. Many years ago when Judge Parker and I were much younger than we are now, we met in a hotel in Europe and became warm personal friends. That was long before his elevation to the Chief Justiceship of the Court of Appeals of his State. Since that time I have enjoyed his friendship. He has had mine. I have accepted the hospitality of his home, and in 1904 when he was a candidate for the Presidential nomination, moved largely by that personal friendship f enlisted under his standard for the nomination long before the Conven- tion and went through that great battle in St. Louis in his behalf. In that campaign, in response to a request of Judge Parker personally made to me, I, on account of my friendship for him, took the standard of a losing cause as candidate for Governor of Indiana, and carried it on to defeat, but I hope not an inglorious defeat. In 1908 Judge Parker canvassed in my State for the National ticket, on which I was a candi- date for Vice-President. Last year, when I was a candidate for the Senate, in the midst of a heated contest, Judge Parker traveled from New York to Indianapolis to make a speech in my behalf. We have been during all these years, and are now, personal friends. The greatest desire of my heart is the hope of a Democratic victory. I attended a National Convention in Baltimore in 1872, before I had east a vote, and my young heart was filled with no more enthusiasm for success that year than my old heart is now. [Applause.] I believe Judge Parker is as earnestly in favor, as earnestly desirous of Demo- cratic success this year, as I am. There are only a little over a thousand delegates in this Convention ; there are seven million Democrats between the oceans. There are mil- lions of Democrats scattered from one end of this Republic to the other who this hour are all looking with aching hearts upon the signs of discord that prevail here when there ought to be forerunners of victory in the shouts of this Convention. Is there a man here who does not earnestly desire harmony to the end that there may be victory? I am going to appeal now and here for that kind of harmony which alone will bring victory. I am going to appeal here and now for that kind of harmony which will change the sadness that this hour exists in millions of Democratic homes into shouts of joy and gladness. [Ap- plause.] My friend Judge Parker sits before me in this Convention, he repre- senting the National Committee, I representing, not another faction, thank God, but representing perhaps another section, and we two men have it in our power to send these words of gladness flashing throughout DEMOCRATIC XATIONAL CONVENTION 9 the Republic. [Applause.] If my friend will join with me now and here in the selection of a man satisfactory to us both, if he will stand in this presence with me and agree that that distinguished New Yorker who has brought more honor to the Empire State in the United States Senate than it has had since the days of Francis Kernan James A. O 'Gorman this discord will cease in a moment and the great Democratic party will present a united front. Or if he will agree that Jhat splendid represen- tative from the State of Texas in that same body, Charles A. Culberson, shall preside, or if he will agree upon that splendid parliamentarian, Henry D. Clayton of Alabama, or if he will agree upon that young Tennesseean, whose name is known in every home where chivalry abides Luke Lea this matter fan be settled in a moment. Or if he will agree on the blue-eyed statesman from Ohio, Governor James E. Campbell; or if he will agree on the reform governor of Missouri, ex-Governor Folk; or if -he will agree on my own colleague, the stalwart Democrat from Indiana, Hon. Benjamin F. Shively, all this discord will cease. Will someone for Judge Parker, will Judge Parker himself, meet me on this ground and aid in the solution of this problem, a solution of which means victory to the party and relief to the tax-payers of the country I My fellow-Democrats, you will not promote harmony, you will not point the way to victory by jeering or deriding the name of the man who led your fortunes in 1908. You may put him to the wheel, you may humiliate him here, but in so doing you will bring pain to the hearts of six million men in America who would gladly die for him. [Applause. | You may kill him, but you do not commit homicide when you kill him ; you commit suicide. My friends, I have submitted a proposition to Judge Parker; I sub- mit it to the man, the leader of the New York Democracy, who holds that Democracy in the hollow of his hand. What response have I? [A pause.] If there is to be no response, then let the responsibility rest where it belongs. If Alton B. Parker will come here now and join me in this request for harmony, his will be the most honored of all the names amongst American Democrats. [Applause.] If there is to be no response, if the responsibility is to rest there, if this is to be a contest between the people and the powers, if it is to be a contest such as has been described, a contest which I pray God may be averted, then the cause to which I belong is so great a cause that I an 1 not fit to be its leader. If my proposition for harmony is to be ignored, .aid this deplorable battle is to go on, there is only one man fit to lead the hosts of progress, and that is the man who has been at the forefront for sixteen years, the great American tribune, William Jennings Bryan. | Applause.] If you will have nothing else, if that must be the issue, then the leader must be worthy of the cause, and that leader must be William Jennings Bryan. [Applause.] 10 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Gentlemen, Mr. Bryan desires to make a brief statement. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, I tried to get the committee to agree upon a progressive, and when it did not agree upon a progressive, I went to the man who received the largest number of votes, Congressman James, and urged him to be our leader in this fight, but he felt that the conditions were such that he could not honor- ably accept the invitation. I went to Senator O 'Gorman and urged him to accept this leadership, and then I appealed to Mr. Kern to accept it, and I stand ready to support any progressive who will lead this battle. [Applause.] But if no other progressive appears I shall accept the leadership an.l let you express through your votes for or against me your advocacy of or opposition to what we have fought for for sixteen years. [Applause.] ~ MR. THEODORE A. BELL, of California: Mr. Chairman THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The Chair recognizes the gentleman from California. MR. THEODORE A. BELL, of California: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, when the Democrats of this country assembled in the city of Denver four years ago they accorded to me an honor that had not been paid to the Pacific Coast or its representatives in many years, by permitting me the privilege of presiding over that National Convention as its Temporary Chairman; and I am here today to say at the very outset that I stand in Baltimore for the same kind of Democracy that I stood for at Denver four years ago. [Applause.] I am not unmindful of the fact that I would never have been selected as the Temporary Chairman of that Convention unless my Democracy had received the stamp of approval from the distinguished gentleman from the State of Nebraska; and at the conclusion of that Convention it was my distinguished honor to go to the city of Indianapolis and there to notify the present illustrious Senator from that State that at the hands of the Democracy of America he had received its nomination for the second place upon that ticket. For these reasons it is to me a matter of keen personal regret today that on this question I cannot find myself in accord with either of my two friends and allies of four years ago. That far-off western State of California has sent me with twenty fixe other gentlemen to represent, with whatever power and judgment and conscience a divine providence has bestowed upon us, the sentiment and the will of the Democracy of that State, and when this roll is called upon the question as to which of these two gentlemen shall preside over our preliminary organization, I, as a representative of the great State of California, much as I shall regret to take that stand, shall cast my vote in favor of Alton B'. Parker, of New York. [Applause.] And when that vote is cast for the distinguished gentleman from New York, it will be cast by Bell and hundreds of other loyal supporters of the gentle- DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 11 man from Nebraska during the last sixteen years, not in the belief, or, thank God, even in the suspicion that Parker represents any sinister influences at work in American politics, but that vote will be cast in the honest belief that Judge Parker's Democracy has stood the severest test to which any man's Democracy could have been subjected, and that test is that it passed the inspection and received the approval of Mr. Bryan in 1908. [Appplause.] Four years ago, in the thriving and pro- gressive city of Portland, it was my great pleasure to listen to one of the first addresses that was made in behalf of Mr. Bryan upon the Pacific Coast, and it fell from the lips of Judge Parker in the city of Portland. And, gentlemen of this Convention, during that campaign of four years ago the friends of the gentleman from Nebraska followed the dis- tinguished gentleman from New York, as he traveled through ten of our western States, upholding the standard bearer and the standard of Democracy. I havo this question now to submit to the members of this Convention : I want to know what change has come over the Democracy of Parker during a period of four years. [Applause.] What changes have come in the character of that democracy, that made this man's democracy so welcome in 1908 and make it so obnoxious in 19121 My friends, we are in harmony with nearly all the views which have been expressed here by the distinguished gentlemen who have addressed this Convention. They have correctly stated to you that the democracy of America expects this Convention to adopt a progressive platform, and to name upon that platform a man absolutely in harmony with every syllable f-nd paragraph of that progressive platform. We stand now in this Convention, exercising the God-given right of independent thought and independent conscience, to say that upon a matter of this kind the men who have followed the gentleman from Nebraska in the past may with the same honesty of judgment which he is exercising for himself, vote for the man for Temporary Chairman of this Convention that we think must nearly represents the sentiment of this Convention. Now, gentlemen of this Convention, I am going to conclude with this prophecy, that when Judge Parker has delivered his message to the people of this country of ours, and they are given the chance in No- \enilier next to ratify or disapprove the action of this Convention, they will at the polls from the Atlantic to the Pacific ratify the selection today of Alton B. Parker, of New York, for Temporary Chairman. | Applause.] THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The Chair recognizes Representative John J. Fitzgerald, of New York. MR. ELMORE W. HURST, of Illinois: I move that the nominations be now closed, and that we proceed to a vote. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Congressman Fitzgerald, of New York, has the floor. 12 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE ^ ME. JOHN J. FITZGERALD, of New York: Gentlemen of this Conven- tion, I ask for but five minutes in which to speak to this Convention. New York has presented a distinguished Democrat to preside over this Convention. He helped to write the Denver platform upon whiVi! Mr. Bryan made his last campaign. He earnestly supported Mr. Bryan throughout the country. "When this Temporary Chairmanship was that Alabama has in- structed her delegates to vote as a unit. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Are you instructed to vote under the unit rule? MR. O'NEAL: Yes; we are. MR. MALONE: No. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The Chair requests the gentleman from Alabama to present the resolution of the State Convention. MR. O'NEAL: I have sent it up. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The Secretary will read the resolution. The Secretary read as follows: "This is to certify that at the Convention of the Democrats of Ala- bama held April 17th, 1912, at which said Convention were elected dele- gates to the Democratic National Convention to be held in Baltimore on June 25th. the following resolution was adopted without a dissenting vote : "Be It Resolved, by the Democratic and Conservative Party of Ala- bama in Convention regularly assembled, as follows: "First, That the delegates from Alabama to the National Convention of the Democratic- party, called to moet in the city of Baltimore, be and they are hereby instructed to vote in said Convention for Hon. Oscar W. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 15 Underwood for President of the United States until a nomination for such office shall have been made. "Second, That said delegation shall vote as a unit on all questions affecting his nomination." MR. MAI.OXE. of Alabama: This question does not affect his (Under- wood's) nomination. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Is there more than one vote for Bryan in your delegation? MR. O 'XEAL : One and one-half votes. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The vote of Alabama will be cast Bryan P.... Parker 22 1 -. The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. The State of Arizona was called, and her vote was announced. Bryan 4, Parker 2. MR. P. C. LITTLE, of Arizona : I ask that the names be called, to the en-l that it be known how the delegates from Arizona voted who votett for Wall Street and who voted for Bryan. MR. . A. SAWYER, of Arizona : Arizona votes 4 for Bryan and 2 for Parker. The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MR. EOGER C. SULLIVAN (When the State of Illinois was called) : Illinois votes 5 for Bryan and 53 for Parker, but inasmuch as she is vot- ing under the unit rule she casts her 58 votes for Parker. The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. The State of Oklahoma was called, and her vote was announced, 15 for Bryan and 5 for Parker. MR. W. H. MURRAY, of Oklahoma : Mr. Chairman, as a member of the Oklahoma delegation I challenge that vote, and demand a poll of "the delegation. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Do you vote under the unit rule! MR. MUBRAY: We vote as a unit, separately. [Laughter \ THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The Secretary will poll the Oklahoma dele- gation. The Secretary polled the Oklahoma delegation, with th& following result : R. L. Williams Bryan W. H. Murray Bryan Scott Ferris Bryan T. P. Gore Bryan Fred P. Branson Bryan George L. Bo.wman Bryan Howard Webber Bryan B. D. Hite Bryan Henry S. Johnson Not voting T. H. Owen Bryan George W. Ballamy Not voting E. P. Hill Bryan B. S. Mitchell Bryan S. C. Burnette Bryan O. J. Flemming Bryan Roy Hoffman Bryan E. J. Giddings Bryan T. S. Chambers Bryan W. W. Hastings Bryan W. H. Wilcox Bryan 16 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE J. J. Carney Bryan T. W. Hunter Bryan L. T. Sammons Parker E. K. Turmond Bryan S. V. O'Hare .Parker T. L. Wade " . . .Bryan P. B. Cole Parker [The names of 3 delegates at large from Oklahoma were not called.] MR. E. J. GIDDINGS, of Oklahoma: Mr. Chairman, you will note that many of the delegates from Oklahoma have only a half vote each, and the vote should be computed according to whether a delegate has a half vote or a full vote. ME. W. M. MABEN, of Oklahoma: George W. Ballamy is not here, and I am acting as his alternate, and I shall cast his vote for Judge Parker. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Will the Chairman of the Oklahoma dele- gation kindly have his delegates agree on their vote and present the result at the desk? We will pass Oklahoma until it computes its vote. [A pause. 1 Are you ready to vote? MR. E. J. GIDDINGS, of Oklahoma: Under our instructions ten votes are voted as a unit one way and ten votes another way. Our delegation is a double delegation, voting in two parts as a unit. One unit votes for Parker, the other votes the other way. We claim that under that rule there must be twenty votes cast for William J. Bryan. THE PRESIDING ' OFFICER : We will pass Oklahoma for the present. MR. MURRAY, of Oklahoma : I desire to know how Oklahoma 's vote was cast. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The Secretary will read the resolution of the Democratic Convention of Oklahoma on the subject. The Secretary read as follows: "At the State Convention of the Democratic party held in Oklahoma City, State of Oklahoma, on February 22, 1912, the following proceed- ings were had * * * ' ' That said delegates are hereby instructed to vote on all questions as a unit, and no proxies to be allowed. That said delegates are further authorized to fill any vacancy on said delegation. ' ' MR. LEA, of Tennessee: I ask has a majority of the Oklahoma delc- -gation voted for Mr. Bryan? THE PRESIDING OFFICER: It has. MR. LEA, of Tennessee: I demand that the whole 20 votes* be cast for Mr. Bryan. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The Chair rules that the entire vote of Oklahoma is cast for Mr. Bryan. The State of Oregon was called, and the vote was announced, Bryan 9, Parker 1. MR. THOMAS CARRICK BURKE, of Oregon: Mr. Chairman, Oregon de- sires a poll of the delegation. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The (hair orders a poll of the Oregon delegation. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 17 The Oregon delegation was polled, with the following result: A. S. Bennett Brynn Will R. King Bryan Thos. Carrick Burke Bryan James W. Maloney Bryan James E. Godfrey Bryan Victor P. Moses Bryan Frederick V. Holman Parker Daniel W. Sheahan Bryan Mark Holmes Bryan Herman Wise Bryan The result of the poll of Oregon was announced: For Bryan !', Parker 1. The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. The State of West Virginia was called, and her vote w; s announced, 6 1 /- for Bryan and 9% for Parker. MR. ASHTOX FII.K, of West Virginia: Mr. Cliainr.an. I challcnj? thi' vote of West Virginia, and I demand that the roll be called. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The Chair authorizes the roll of West Vir- ginia to be called. The Secretary called the roll, with the following result: Lawrence Tierney Parker John J. Cornwall Parker Stuart W. Walker Parker Howard Ewert . . V-- vote for Parker William A. McCorkle Parker A. S. Johnson .. % vote for Bryan Henry G. Davis Parker E. II. Morton . . % vote for Parker Saimi"! Hays Parker W. O. Abney . . . % vote for Parker Joseph O'Brien Bryan L. M. Tavenner Parker Andrew Edmundson Bryan W. E. Raymond Parker Jerry A. Miller O 'Gorman Ashton File Bryan John T. McGraw Bryan George S. Wallace Parker MR. STUART W. WALKER, of West Virginia: Mr. Chairman, there are four delegates from one district of West Virginia, with one-half vote each. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The Chair noted that. The result of the poll of the West Virginia delegation was an- nounced as follows: Parker 10V>, Bryan 4 1 /-!, O'Gorman 1. The roll-call having been concluded the result was announced Parker 579, Bryan 508, O'Gorman 4, Kern 1, not voting 2; as follows: States and Territories. ^ 'II I ! I: I C - t- W fc > CU W O Alabama 24 1% 22% Arizona 6 4 2 Arkansas 18 . . 18 California . . .26 7 18 1 18 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE a a States and Territories. -, t-> *-> O o Z? c3 O S* > PQ CM M O Colorado 12 6 6 Connecticut 14 2 12 Delaware 6 6 Florida 12 1 11 Georgia 28 . . 28 Idaho 8 8 Illinois 58 .. 58 Indiana 30 8 21 Iowa 26 13 13 Kansas ...20 20 Kentucky 26 7% 17% Louisiana 20 10 10 Maine 12 1 11 Maryland 16 1% 14% Massachusetts 36 18 15 .. 3 Michigan 30 9 21 Minnesota 24 24 Mississippi 20 . . 20 Missouri 36 14 22 Montana 8 7 1 Nebraska 16 13 3 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 5 3 New Jersey 28 24 4 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 . . 90 North Carolina 24 9 15 North Dakota 10 10 Ohio 48 19 29 Oklahoma 20 20 Oregon 10 9 1 Pennsylvania 76 67 9 Rhode Island .-..10 .. 10 South Carolina 18 18 South Dakota 10 10 Tennessee 24 7 17 Texas 40 40 Utah 8 4 4 Vermont 8 . . 8 Virginia 24 10 14 Washington 14 14 OKMOCUATIC NATIONAL (.'ONVKN nox 19 State* ami Territories. o 8 g J 6 -S ? t > fc West Virginia 16 4#. 1 " ' ._. Wisconsin 26 26 Wyoming 6 6 Alaska 6 2 4 District of Columbia (j . . 6 Hawaii 6 2 4 Philippine Islands 6 i' 4 Porto Rico . .6 4 Total '. 508 579 1 4 2 Total number of delegates, 1,094. Majority, 548. MR. LUKE LEA. of Tennessee: Inasntiu-h as the vote for Judge Parker is 57P and the vote for Mr. Bryan is 508, I move that the election of Judge Parker as Temporary Chairman be made unanimous. The motion was unanimously agreed to. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Judge Parker having been unanimously elected Temporary Chairman, the Chair will appoint a committee of three to escort him to the chair. The Chair appoints as such committee Senator Stone, of Missouri; Senator Lea. of Tennessee, and Judge Hudspeth. of New Jersey, to escort Judge Parker to the platform. Mr. Parker was escorted to the platform by the committee. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Gentlemen, I take great pleasure in pre- senting to you your Temporary Chairman, Hon. Alton B. Parker, of New York. [Applause.] Mr. Parker thereupon assumed the chair. MR. JOHN J. FITZGERALD, of New York: I move that the Convention take a recess until 8 o'clock tonight. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The question is on agreement to the motion of the gentleman from New York. The motion was agreed to; and [at 3 o'clock and 49 minutes p. m.] the Convention took a recess until 8 o 'clock p. in. EVENING SESSION. At the expiration of the recess the Convention reassembled. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN : The Rev. W. M. Dame will say prayer. PRAYER OF REV. W. M. DAMK. Rev. W. M. Dame, pastor of Memorial Church. Protestant Episcopal, Baltimore, Maryland, offered the following prayer: 20 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE Almighty God, Whose kingdom is everlasting, and power infinite, have mercy upon this whole beloved land and country, wherein Thou hast given us the privilege to dwell. We pray Thee that Thou wouldst so rule the hearts of our rulers and all in authority over us that they, knowing whose ministers they are, may above all things seek Thy honor and glory and the true welfare of our people; and that Thou wilt so rule their minds that they may have wisdom to know what they ought to do, and also may havo grace, and strength, and courage faithfully to .fulfill the same. And for our people 1 we pray that their minds and hearts may be set on righteousness, which exalteth a nation, and set against sin, which is shame and destruction to any people. And now we pray Thy special blessing upon the work of this assem- bly gathered in Thy name and presence. Save them from all error, ignorance, pride, and prejudice, and of Thy great mercy direct, sanctify and govern them in their work. Most gracious God, as for the people of these United States in general, so especially for their representatives in this Convention assembled, we pray that Thou wouldst direct and prosper all their consultations to the advancement of Thy glory, the good of Thy Church, the safety, honor and welfare of this people, that all things may be so ordered and settled by their endeavors upon the best and surest foundations, that peace and happiness, truth and justice, religion and piety, may be established among us for all generations. And all this we ask in the name and for the sake of Thy blessed Son, Jesus Christ, our Lord, in whose own won is we- sum up all our petitions. Our Father Who art in heaven, hallowed by Thy name. Thy king- dom come. Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our trespasses as we 1 forgive then; that trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation but deliver us from evil. For thine is the kin; who took the Isthmus of Panama "and let Congress debate about it af terwards ; ' ' the man who, having enough money to send the fleet on its famous cruise to the Pacific, sent it without sanction of Congress, leaving it to appropriate the money for the return when Congress deemed that necessary. This is the man who advocated Federal incor- poration for the increase of power at Washington and the lightening of legal burdens on the corporations; the man who authorized the absorp- tion of the .Tennessee Coal & Iron Co. by the steel trust ; the man who, by many such drastic acts and by unnumbered words, has sought to batter down our statutory and constitutional safeguards. He who runs may read the danger that threatens the country rule.! by such a man. Do we envy Mexico her thirty years of wedded life, or the war the divorce from Diaz precipitated, the end of which no man may prophesy? The way to prevent a life series of terms is to prevent the present attempt to capture the office for a third term. One of our opportunities in this campaign is to lead the fight against a third term. That opportunity should appeal to every drop of patriotic blood flowing in our veins. [Applause.] Unquestionably we have been wrong in assuming that a tradition against a third term constitutes a sufficient safeguard against un DEMOCRATIC XATIOXAL COXVEXTIOX 23 scrupulous ambition for unlimited power. We need a definite const! tutional limitation on which shall prevent imperialistic souls from fore ing personal continuation in office for long periods or for life and the personal selection of a successor in office. And the constitutional pro- vision should go one step further than our recently assailed tradition. The provision should limit to a single term. Then will the occupants of the office have before them but the one ambition so to fulfill the great trust reposed in them that upon retirement they shall hear from a grateful people the commendation: "Well done, thou good and faith- ful servant." [Applause.] In this great country, which boasts of a wealth of one hundred and thirty billion as against eighty billion for Great Britain and Ireland, sixty-five billion for France and sixty billion for Germany, all are con- scious that too large a part of our wealth has been secured by a small percentage of our population and that the cost of living rises faster than the average income. [Applause.] The principal cause of all this is to be found in the tariff statutes, and in the combinations restraining trade and competition, created for the purpose of wringing from the republic every dollar which the tariff statutes make possible. The average of duties under the tariff of 1789 was eight and one- half per cent. Now the average is fifty per cent. In 1842 the average was thirty-two per cent. In 1846 it was re- duced to twenty-five per cent, which worked so well that a reduction to an average of twenty per cent followed in 1857. Probably it would never have been again increased but for the war, for the census of 1860 disclosed a higher percentage of increase of the national wealth during the preceding ten years than for any other decade before or since, and the percentage of increase in capital invested in manufacturing was also greater than during any similar period in our history. Protected interests benefited by two increases during the war, the first to an average of thirty-seven and one-half per cent, the second to forty-seven per cent. That high average, then excused only by the exigencies of the war, is exceeded now, as the average is nearly fifty per cent. The Republican party has thus geared the machinery of government to enrich the few at the expense of the many. That increase of thirty per cent in the average has taken thousands of millions from the general public and devoted it to the creation of swollen fortunes. An awakening of the people led the Republican National Conven- tion of 1908 by its platform to promise a revision. True, it did not in terms promise a revision of the tariff downward, but its assurance of a revision of the tariff by a special session of Congress to be called im- mediately after the inauguration of the next _ president was interded to hold the tariff reduction Republicans in line, while the trick in the 24 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE phraseology was to be made clear to the tariff beneficiaries. [Applause.! In vain did the people demand of Congress the fulfillment of the Eepublican pledge, for the masters of that party the protected inter- ests insisted upon the pound of fleeh nominated in the bond. And it was yielded. Congress passed and the President signed the Payne Aldrich bill. One outcome of this breach of faith was a Democratic House, which has acted so wisely and courageously as to arouse the enthusiasm of the people and inspire the Democratic party with justifiable hope of early opportunity to render a public service sorely needed. [Applause.! Under sagacious and intrepid Democratic leadership special bills have been passed having for their purpose a revision of the tariff down- ward, ultimately to a revenue basis. These bills are known as ' ' Free List, Wool, Cotton, Metals, Chemicals, Sugar and Excise." The Presi dent's use of the veto power has postponed, however, the hour when the people shall enter into the enjoyment of the relief proposed, until after the inauguration of the next President. [ Applause. 1 The temporary failure, owing to the action of the electorate of Can- ada, of the effort to effectuate reciprocity with that country, is regret- table. The agreement proposed was in the interest of the people of both countries. The movement started was in the right direction, because it was toward a competitive policy. Its immediate and laudable purpose was to lessen the cost of living in each country. Whether later the mutual advantage of our respective people shall be appreciated by our neighbors across the border, the consciousness that we took the right course should content us. In all probability, how- ever, the sober second thought of the people of Canada will induce re- consideration of the action of last year. The temporary reduction of the duty on cement by the Canadian opponents of reciprocity is signifi- cant of the results that in due course may be expected. All honor to the Democratic House, which stood for the good of the nation as a whole and prevented the repeal of the reciprocity act, thus leaving the door open to Canada if her people shall later elect to accept our proposal. [Applause.] For the ills that flow from that tariff increase from an average of twenty per cent to fifty, the Republican party is responsible. For tho continuance of that rate against the efforts of a Democratic Congress, a Republican President is to blame. It is evident, therefore, that relief can come only through the election of a Democratic President and Con- gress. [Applause.] During all these yeafs of enforced levies upon the many for tho benefit of the few it has been abundantly demonstrated that the tariff is, as accurately described by a trust magnate, "the fruitful mother of trusts. ' ' Mr. Taft said in a speech in 1908 that during the preceding ten DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 25 years nine-tenths of the combinations to restrain trade had come into existence. During nearly all that time the Eepublican party was in control of every northern, eastern and western state, as well as of the federal government. Little was done by the party in power to retard the weedy growth, and that little feebly. That an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure was never so forcefully illustrated. The prevention of combinations would have protected all the people and harmed none. The process of destruction punishes the innocent investors as well as the guilty organ- izers. The reason for the encouraging inactivity of the Republican officials is plain. The tariff beneficiaries were and for many years had been contributors to campaign funds of the party, which in Turn protected the special privileges enjoyed by the donors. But competition prevented in some instances the collection from the people of the full sum stipu- lated in the tariff. To secure it all, tempted the cupidity and stimulated the ingenuity of the beneficiaries. But one way could be found com- bination to control the price up to the point where the statute let in foreign competition. The same party which shut out foreign competition was found willing to permit the formation of combinations which effec- tually banished home competition. The common law on the subject and the Sherman Act were treated by Republican officials as repealed by im- plication. Need it be said that the protected interests, for these larger privileges, made larger contributions? [Applause.] Combinations, of course, multiplied rapidly under such encourage- ment and stimulation, especially as the evidence accumulated that the Executive Department of government could be relied upon for protec- tion even in case of attack by enemies. We are indebted to the President for the evidence that his prede- cessor, having first enjoyed an interview with George W. Perkins, re- strained his Attorney General from bringing suit against the Harvester Combination. [Applause.] For the Steel Corporation he went further, for he wrote his Attorney General in advance of its absorption of the Tennessee Coal and Iron Company that he had decided ' ' to interpose no objection. ' ' Indeed, he apparently stood ready to perform similar kindly offices for all corporations, for he advocated the passage of a statute permitting voluntary submission of all engaged in interstate commerce to federal authority with the advantage to them of immunity from prosecution because of contracts made if stamped in advance with executive ap- proval as reasonable. The view of executive duty which these acts suggest is diametrically opposite to that of that sterling Democrat, President Jackson, who wrote : ' ' The laws of the United States must be executed. I have no discretionary power on the subject; my duty is emphatically pro- nounced in the Constitution." 26 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE The effect of these and similar acts in the circumstances induced the result which Senator La Follette referred to in a recent speech in these words : ' ' When Eoosevelt became President the total amount of the stock and bond issues of all combinations and trusts, including the railways then in combination, was only three billion seven hundred eighty-four million dollars. When he turned the country over to Taft, whom he selected as his successor, the total capitalization of the trusts and combinations amounted to the enormous sum of thirty-one billion six hundred and seventy-two million dollars, more than seventy per cent of which was water.' 5 * Whatever of excuse may be offered, the ugly truth is that the Ee- publican national machine has received the moneys of the corporate and individual beneficiaries of the tariff and combinations and in return has compelled Congress to keep high the tariff rates and their attorneys general to close their eyes to violations of law. Need we seek further evidence than the admission of President Taft? He said at Cincin- nati, September 21st, 1910 : ' ' The country is roused against the cor- porate or corrupt control of legislative agencies. ' ' If, however, there remain a doubting Thomas, let him read the confession of the only living ex-President. He said at Osawatomie : ' ' It is necessary that laws should be passed to prohibit the use of corporate funds directly or indirectly for political purposes; it is still more necessary that such laws should be thoroughly enforced. Corporate expenditures for polit- ical purposes, and especially such expenditures by public service cor- porations, have supplied one of the principal sources of corruption in our political affairs." In the light of all the testimony and of these admissions, I submit that the jury of the people should find as a general verdict ' ' That the failure of the executive and legislative branches of government, both federal and state, to protect the people from the special privilege hunt-, ers and graft seekers, is deeply rooted in a corrupt alliance between the latter and the leaders of the Eepublican party." Upon that ver- dict but one judgment can be entered that of eviction. When you find cancer you know that pills and plasters will serve only to divert the mind of the patient from his fate. Pills and plasters have been liber- ally and sensationally prescribed for some years now by those Eepub- lican leaders who would hide from public gaze the misconduct of their party, yet the cancer is still growing. We must cut it out ere it is too late. [Applause.] Not until the Special Session of Congress in 1909, however, did the people generally appreciate that the protected interests held the Bepub- lican Congress with such an iron grip that Congress would repudiate the pledge of its party to revise the tariff, as the people understood the promise, downward. Now the truth is appreciated. Of that fact the election of an overwhelming Democratic majority to the present House is evidence. DEMOCRATIC XATION M. CONVIINTION 27 if is still true, however, that many have not discovered that the real power that chained the party to the interests was money con- tributed to help on campaigns and that, Averse still, a large part of the money obtained was not thrust upon the party by the interests, but was wrung from them through organized importunity in which public offi- cials took part. [Applause.] On occasion oven a President of the United States lias been known to solicit the financial assistance of a great financial leader over whose railroad the executive department might hold either a stern or a mild and gentle sway. The presidential attitude was gentle and polite, but firm and insistent. Several letters failing to produce the sheep for the shearing, another was addressed to "My dear Mr. Harriman. " "Now. my dear sir, you and I are practical men, and you are on tne ground and know the conditions better than I do. If you think there is any danger of your visit to me causing trouble, or if you think there is nothing special I need be informed about, or no matter on which I could give aid, why, of course, give up the visit for the time being, and then, in a few weeks hence, ~before I write my message, I shatt get you /o cume down to discuss certain government matters not connected with the campaign. With great regards." The suggestion of government matters implying in the circum- stances railroad matters proved to be the proper bait. The discussion relating to government matters has not yet been reported. Probably it never took place, for Mr. Harriman read between the lines of that letter, hurried to Washington, hurried back and promptly raised the quarter of a million demanded with ten thousand dollars over for good measure. This incident plainly discloses the ligament that binds the Repub- lican party to the interests preying on the people and defying the law. The latter furnished the money with which the former debauched the electorate in every debatable State. Adams County, Ohio, is but an illustration of the loathsome condition which resulted. Like the hypocrites of old, who loved to pray standing in the syna- gogues and in the corners of the streets, who prated of their virtues and gave thanks that they were not as other, men, so have these corrupt leaders covered their vile misdeeds with hypocritical professions of righteousness. Woe unto you. hypocrites, for ye are like unto whited sepulchers. which indeed appear beautiful outward but are within full of corruption and all uucleanness that verily smells to Heaven. Your day of doom is at hand! In jeopardizing our form of government and those dearly bought liberties which the Fathers therein secured for us, the Republican apostles and promoters of misrule, federal usurpation and political corruption threaten the very foundations of the greatest cathedral builded by modern civilization. The corner-stone of that temple is Plymouth Rock. The Declaration of Independence and our matchless Constitution are embedded in the foundations thereof. The superstruc- t8 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE ture has been reared block by block with weary years of toil by true patriot and able statesmen. "Within its walls every man may come to worship the one living and true God in such fashion as his fathers did or his conscience dictates. Jew and Gentile, Catholic and Protestant, Barbarian, Scythian, bond and free, kneel side by side in the sacred calm. In the outer shadow of its walls are clustered schools and col- leges without number where the sons of the millionaire and of the ped- dler from New York's crowded East Side alike may attain the highest scholarship. Near at hand are the marts of trade where the heir of the financier and the offspring of the day laborer, side by side, with no other limitation than those fixed by the personal capacity of each, contend for the prizes of fortune. Stretching to the western horizon are thousand, thousand millions of acres where the descendants of the Mayflower pioneers and the children of the emigrant of yesterday may reap together the reward of content and comfort which comes to the faithful and intelligent tiller of the soil. Take the wings of the morning and seek in the uttermost parts of the earth and in no other spot shall ye find such wide opportunity for man to develop the best that is in him. This fair and noble achievement, this matchless fabric, illguarded, neglected, profaned and mutilated while in the custodianship of Eepublican officials, left open thus to attack of vandal socialist and alien anarchist, is menaced with destruc- tion. If the threatened ruin come, the happiness of the New World and the hope of the Old will forever fail and the great march of modern civilization and true progress will be forever stayed. It is not the wild, swirling, cruel methods of revolution and violence that are needed to correct the abuses incident to our government as to all things human. Neither material nor moral progress lies that way. We have made our government and our complicated institutions by appeals to reason seeking to educate all our people that, day after day, year after year, century after century, they may see more clearly, act more justly, become, more and more, attached to the fundamental ideas that underlie our society. If we are to preserve undiminished the heritage bequeathed us and add to it those accretions without which society would perish, we shall need all the powers that the school, the church, the deliberative assembly and the quiet thought of our people can bring to bear. AVe are called upon to do battle against the unfaithful guardians of our constitution and liberties and the hordes of ignorance which are pushing forward only to the ruin of our social and governmental fabric and their own deep damnation. Too long has the country endured the offences of the leaders of a party which once knew greatness. Too long have we been blind to the bacchanal of corruption. Too long have we listlessly watched the as- sembling of the forces that threaten our country and our firesides. The time has come when the salvation of the country demands the de- DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 20 struction of the- leaders of a debauched party, and the restoration to place and power of men of high ideals who will wage unceasing war against corruption in politics, who will enforce the law against both rich and poor, and who will treat guilt as personal and punish it accordingly. For their crimes against American citizenship the present leaders of the Republican party should be destroyed. For making and keeping the bargain to take care of the tariff pro- tected interests in consideration of campaign funds, they should be destroyed. For encouraging the creation of combinations to restrain trade, and refusing to enforce the law, for a like consideration, they should be destroyed. For the lavish waste of the public funds; for the fraudulent dis- position of the people 's domain, and for their contribution toward the division of the people into classes, they should be destroyed. For the efforts to seize for the executive department of the federal government powers rightfully belonging to the States, they should be destroyed. [Applause.] And destruction will be theirs, this very year, if we but do our duty. What is our duty? To think alike as to men and measures? Im- possible ! Even for our great party ! There is not a reactionary among us. All Democrats are Progressives. But it is inevitably human that we shall not all agree that in a single highway is found the only road to progress, or each make the same man of all our worthy candidates his first choice. It is possible, however, and it is our duty to put aside all selfishness, to consent cheerfully that the majority shall speak for each of us. and to march out of this Convention shoulder to shoulder intoning the praises of our chosen leader and that will be his due, whichever of the honor- able and able men now claiming our attention be chosen. [Applause.] TEMPORARY OFFICERS. THE PRESIIHXC OFFICER (Mr. Mack of New York in the chair) : The National Committees direct me to submit for your consideration a li-st of temporary officers. The secretary will read the list. The Secretary read as follows : Temporary Secretary Urey Woodson, of Kentucky. First Asst. Secretary Boetius H. Sullivan, of Illinois. Asst. Secretaries John ('utwright, of Nebraska; John T. Winship, of Michigan; Joseph P. Zenger, of New York; Carl Hutcheson, of Georgia; W. M. Wilson, of North Carolina; Robert W. Wells, of Maryland. Reading Clerks Thomas F. Smith, of New York; James E. Stone, of Kentucky; Thomas P. Riley, of Massachusetts; Wm. McKniry. of 30 OFFICIAL Pi;oei:i:i>i.\<;s OF Tin: Illinois; E. E. Britton, of North Carolina; R. M. McClanahan, of Mis souri; George Christian, of Ohio; W. E. R. Byrne, of West Virginia. Parliamentarian Chas. E. Crisp, of Georgia. Official Reporter Milton W. Blumenberg, of the District of Columbia. Temporary Sergeant-at-Arms John I. Martin, of 3Iissouri. Chief Doorkeepers Chas. A. White, of New York, and Richard Kin- sella, of Illinois. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: If there is no objection, the recommenda- tion of the National Committee will be agreed to. The recommendation was agreed to. RULES. MR. JOSEPH E. BELL, of Indiana: Mr. Chairman, I offer the resolu- tion I send to the^desk to be read by the secretary, and I move its adoption. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The secretary will report the resolu- tion. The resolution was read, as follows: Resolved, That the rules of the last Democratic Convention, includ- ing the Rules of the House of Representatives of the 62d Congress, so far as applicable, shall govern this body until otherwise ordered, sub- ject to the following modifications: That in voting no State shall be allowed to change its vote until the call of the States has been concluded and every State has cast its vote ; That no delegate shall be allowed to occupy the floor for more than thirty minutes, unless by unanimous consent. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The question is on agreeing to the resolution submitted by the gentleman from Indiana. The resolution was agreed to. APPOINTMENT OF COMMITTEES. Mn. FRED J. KERN, of Illinois: Mr. Chairman, I move that the roll of States and Territories be now called, and that the names of the per- sons selected by the respective delegations to serve on the several com- mittees as follows: The Committee on Credentials, the Committee on Permanent/ Organization, the Committee on Rules and Order of Busi- ness, and the Committee on Platform and Resolutions be announced, and that the committees as thus constituted be the standing committees of this convention. MR. CHARLES W. GREENE, of Rhode Island: Mr. Chairman, I desire to offer an amendment to the resolution submitted by the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Kern). The amendment is to add at the end of the resolution the following: DEMOCRATIC XATIOXAL COXVEXTION 33 "And that all resolutions relating to the plat.form, and all com- munications addressed to the Convention be referred without reading or debate to the Committee on Platform, and that the credentials of each delegation be delivered to the member of the Committee on Cre- dentials from such delegation. ' ' THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The question is on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Ehode Island (Mr. Greene) to the resolution of the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Kern). ^ MR. E. J. GIDDINGS, of Oklahoma : Mr. Chairman, it seems to me there are two motions before the house, one that of the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Kern), and the other that of the gentleman from Ehode Island (Mr. Greene). Which are we to vote on, and by which are we to be governed? I ask for information. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The question is on the amendment of the gentleman from Ehode Island (Mr. Greene) to the resolution of the gentleman from Illinois. The amendment was agreed to. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN : The question is on agreeing to the resolution of the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Kern) as amended. The resolution as amended was agreed to. MR. WILLIAM J. STONE, of Missouri: Mr. Chairman, I understand the resolution now before the Convention provides for the appointment of members on the committees on credentials, permanent organization, rules and order of business, platform and resolutions. Is that correct? THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN : That is correct. MR. STONE, of Missouri: In order to expedite business, I move as an amendment to the resolution that when the states are called, in addition to naming the committeemen suggested, they also name their committeemen to notify the candidate for President and the candidate for Vice-President, their honorary vice-presidents of the convention, and their national committeemeu. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN : Does the gentleman offer it as an independent resolution? MR. STONE, of Missouri: Xo, I offer it as an amendment. MK. FITZGERALD, of New York: The resolution has been adopted. MR. STONE, of Missouri : Then I will offer mine as an independent motion. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: What is the gentleman's motion? MR. STONE, of Missouri: I move that in addition to the naming of the committeemen from the different States on the standing committees of the Convention, when the roll of States is called the States also name the committeemen from the several States to notify the candidates for President and Vice -President, the honorary vice-presidents of the Convention, and the national committeemen, so that we can be through with them all at once. 32 OFFICIAL PEOCEEDINGS OF TIM; THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The question is on agreeing to the motion of the Senator from Missouri. The motion was agreed to. The committees as finally constituted are as follows: COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS. Alabama George J. Sullivan. Arizona F. P. Little. Arkansas J. C. South. California Harry T. Creswell. Colorado W. J. Galligan. Connecticut William E. Thorns. Delaware T. Bayard Heisel. Florida Frank E. Chase. Georgia G. B. Hutchens. Idaho Henry Heitfelt. Illinois Bruce A. Campbell. Indiana Jos. E. Bell. Iowa D. D. Murphy. Kansas Isaac M. Hinds. "Kentucky Allie W. Young. Louisiana Newton C. Blanchard. Maine Eichard E. Harvey. Maryland Samuel S. Field. Massachusetts Frank J. Donohue. Michigan John E. Kinnaae. Minnesota T. J. Knox. Mississippi J. B. Tolley. Missouri Joseph B. Shannon. Montana Sid J. Coffee. Nebraska Matt Miller. Nevada P. F. Carney. New Hampshire John E." Willis. - New Mexico H. S. Bickley. New Jersey Peter Wedin. New York Charles N. Bulger. North Carolina W. C. Hammer. North Dakota J. Nelson Kelly. Ohio James Boss. Oklahoma P. B. Call. Oregon Victor P. Moses. Pennsylvania Vance C. McCormick. Ehode Island David J. Barry. South Carolina James L. Glenn. South Dakota T. M. Simmons. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVKNTIOX 33 9 Tennessee H. C. Adler. Texas M. M. Crane. Utah George C. Whitmore. Vermont W. B. Mayo. Virginia E. Frank Story. Washington W. A. Kitz. West Virginia W. A. MeCorkle. Wisconsin P. H. Martin. Wyoming A. N. Hasenkamp. Territory of Alaska L. T. Envin. District of Columbia James S. Esby-Saiith. Territory of Hawaii John Effinger. Porto Rico Henry G. Molina. Philippine Islands E. E. Manley. COMMITTEE ON PERMANENT ORGANIZATION. Al.-ibama H. B. Stegall. Arizona E. L. Shaw. Arkansas T. H. Carraway. California Frank A. Salmon. Colorado John Donovan. Connecticut David E. Fitzgerald. Delaware Alfred Raughley. Florida B. S. Williams. Georgia H. H. Dean. Idaho D. S. Evans. Illinois Samuel Alschuler. Indiana Major G. V. Menzies. Iowa Henry Vollmer. Kansas Jerry Fitzpatrick. Kentucky James N. Kehoe. Louisiana J. Zach Spearing. Maine Morton L. Kimball. Maryland Jasper N. Williams. Massachusetts Charles J. Martell. Michigan Charles E. Lo\vn. Minnesota Thomas E. Cashman. Mississippi B. H. Wells. Missouri Virgil Rule. Montana R. R. Purcell. Nebraska A. S. Tibbetts. Nevada Phil S. Triplett. New Hampshire Henri T. Lenoux. New Mexico John J. Hinkle. New Jersey -William Hughes. New York Wm. H. Fitzpatrick. 34 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE North Carolina A. W. McLean. North Dakota Willis Q. Joy. Ohio Thomas J. Cogan. Oklahoma W. W. Hastings. Oregon James W. Maloncy. Pennsylvania John A. Thornton. Rhode Island David J. Barr. South Carolina Lewis W. Parker. South Dakota A. H. Oleson. Tennessee Geo. F. Milton. Texas T. M. Campbell. Utah Wm. M. Boylance. Vermont Fred C. Martin. Virginia H. D. Flood. Washington Thomas R, Horner. West Virginia Andrew Edmonson. Wisconsin G. S. Wilcox. Wyoming J. E. Hayes. Alaska J. H. Cobb. District of Columbia Thos. J. Moore. Territory of Hawaii G. J. Waller. Porto Rico Benjamin J. Horton. Philippine Islands Amzi B. Kelley. COMMITTEE OX RULES AND ORDER OP BUSINESS. Alabama A. D. Pitts. Arizona E. S. Sawyer. Arkansas J. H. Hinemon. California J. G. Maguire. Colorado John C. Bell. Connecticut Charles W. Comstock. Delaware Reynolds Clough. Florida Robert E. Davis. Georgia I. J. Hofmayer. Idaho P. H. Smith. Illinois F. P. Morris. Indiana Judge Lawrence Becker. Iowa Parley Sheldon. Kansas Mike Frey. Kentucky Johnson N. Camrlen. Louisiana Albert Estapinol. Maine Fred M. Thurlow. Maryland J. Harry Covington. Massachusetts Chas. J. Strecker. Michigan E. L. Markey. Minnesota H. L. Buck. DEMOCKVTIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 35 Mississippi A. C. Anderson. Missouri Colin M. Selph. Montana M. D. Baldwin. Nebraska I. J. Dunn. Xi'\;ula B. L. Douglass. New Hampshire Guy H. Cutter. Xc\v Mexico J. D. W. Veeder. New Jersey Thomas H. Birch. New York John J. Fitzgerald. North Carolina E. A. Doughton. Xorth Dakota Carl Nelson. Ohio John W. Peck. Oklahoma E. P. Hill. Oregon F. V. Holman. Pennsylvania Bruce F. Sterling. Bhode Island James .Hcnncsy. South Carolina E. I. Manning. South Dakota Edwin M. Starcher. Tennessee Thad. A. Cox. Texas B. L. Henry. Utah J. D. Call. Vermont D. E. Bullard. Virginia John W. Price. Washington Floyd Hatfield. West Virginia J. B. O'Brien. Wisconsin John A. Ayhvard. Wyoming B. F. Perkins. Alaska E. B. Dunn. District of Columbia Bobert E. Mattingly. Hawaii M. C. Pacheco. Porto Bico F. Vail SpindSa. Philippine Islands Leon J. Lambert. COMMITTEE ON PLATFORM AND RESOLUTIONS. Alabama J. Kelly Dixon. Arizona E. S. Ives. Arkansas Jas. P. Clarke. California C. A. Barlow. Colorado L. A. Van Tilborg. Connecticut Bryan F. Mali.-m. Delaware Andrew J. Lynch. Florida Frank Harris. Georgia W. G. Brantley. Idaho M. Alexander. Illinois George W. Fithian. Indiana John W. Kern. 36 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE Iowa Emmet Tinley. Kansas H. S. Martin. Kentucky J. C. W. Beckham. Louisiana E. F. Broussard. Maryland Isidor Bayner. Maine Charles M. Sleeper. Massachusetts David I. Walsh. Michigan Edwin Henderson. Minnesota Martin O'Brien. Mississippi J. K. Vardaman. Missouri Alexander M. Dockery. Montana T. J. Walsh. Nebraska W. J. Bryan. Nevada Samuel W. Belford. New Hampshire John B. Jameson. New Mexico A. B. McGaffey. New Jersey John Hinchcliffe. New York James A. O 'Gorman. North Carolina W. C. Dowd. North Dakota W. E. PurcelJ. Ohio Atlee Pomerene. Oklahoma B. L. Williams. Oregon Alfred S. Bennett. Pennsylvania Warren Worth Bailey. Ehode Island John J. Fitzgerald. South Carolina B. E. Tillman. South Dakota Jno. T. McCallen. Tennessee C. P. J. Mooney. Texas C. A. Culberson. Utah John S. Bransford. Vermont C. D. Watson. Virginia Thos. S. Martin. Washington W. W. Black. West Virginia J. J. Cornwell. Wisconsin Wm. F. Wolfe. Wyoming John D. Clark. Alaska J. F. A. Strong. District of Columbia John B. Colpoys. Territory of Hawaii Harry Irwin. Porto Bico Jose Usera. Philippine Islands J. S. Powell. COSTMITTEE TO NOTIFY CANDIDATE FOR PRESIDENT. Alabama Borden Burr. Arizona F. E. Shine. Arkansas H. S. Norwood. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 37 California W. H. Rodgers. Colorado Miles Saunders. Connecticut Jos. M. Halloran. Delaware T. Bayard Heisol. Florida W. Hunt Harris. Georgia James J. Flynt. Idaho S. J. Rich. Illinois Ehnore Hurst. Indiana Judge Andrew A. Adams. Iowa N. F. Reed. Kansas James W. Orr. Kentucky Ben. Johnson. Louisiana J. M. Foster, Jr. Maine Fred H. Strickland. Maryland Charles H. Dickey. Massachusetts Thomas C. Thacker. Michigan "Wellington R. Burt. Minnesota J. F. Williamson. Mississippi G. T. Heard. Missouri Edgar M. Harber. Montana Henry L. Myers. Nebraska C. J. Smythe. Nevada T. Pittman. New Hampshire Geo. W. McGregor. New Mexico J. D. Hand. New Jersey John W. Westcott. New York John A. Dix. North Carolina W. G. Lamb. North Dakota W. L. Wolton. Ohio John S. Snook. Oklahoma D. M. Hailey. Oregon James E. Godfrey. Pennsylvania Samuel J. Graham. Rhode Island Peter G. Gerry. South Carolina R. S. Whaley. South Dakota T. M. Simmons. Tennessee L. M. Coleman. Texas T. B. Love. Utah C. P. Overfield. Vermont J. Walter Lyons. Virginia R. A. James. Washington H. C. Wallace. West Virginia L. E. Tierney. Wisconsin T. J. Fleming. Wyoming B. F. Perkins. Alaska J. H. Cobb. 38 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE District of Columbia T. V. Hammond. Territory of Hawaii E. M. Watson. Porto Rico Domingo Collazo. Philippine Islands H. W. Langheim. COMMITTEE TO NOTIFY CANDIDATE FOR VICF.-PRF.SIDEXT. Alabama Gardner Greene. Arizona E. F. Thompson. Arkansas S. O. Wofford. California C. B. Andross. Colorado W. S. Stratton. Connecticut James F. Meara. Delaware Alfred Raughley. Florida Frank L. May?. Georgia Robert G. Dickerson. Idaho A. P. Hutton. Illinois Charles C. Craig. Indiana Mathew H. Hart. Iowa E. J. Murtagh. Kansas Chas. W. Green. Kentucky C. B. Terrell. Louisiana P. L. Ferguson. Maine John S. Williams. Maryland John J. Mahon. Massachusetts D. Garrett Droppers. Michigan Boyez Dansard. Minnesota Con. O 'Brien. -Mississippi Henry Hart. Missouri Al. L. Harty. Montana James W. Johnson. Nebraska P. W. Shea. Nevada Xow Hampshire Geo. W. McGregor. New Mexico T. W. Medley. New Jersey Joseph E. Xowrey. New York Lewis Nixon. North Carolina John C. Mills. North Dakota Frank Reed. Ohio P. J. Shonolin. Oklahoma Douglass H. Johnston. Oregon Mark Holmes. Pennsylvania Asher R. Johnson. Rhode Island Patrick J. Boyle. South Carolina S. T. D. Lancaster. South Dakota George Philip. Tennessee G. W. Jeter. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 39 Texas Marshall Hicks. Utah C. C. Neslen. Vermont H. E. Shaw. Virginia C. B. Cook. Washington Daniel Drumheller. West Virginia J. A. Miller. Wisconsin W. Blenski. Wyoming P. J. Quealey. Alaska L. T. Erwin. District of Columbia Charles E. Newman. Territory of Hawaii Charles F. Curley. Porto Eico F. E. Jones. Philippine Islands Adam C. Derkum. HONORARY VICE-PRESIDENT OF CONVENTION. Alabama W. W. Brandon. Arizona E. A. Sawyer. Arkansas S. 0. Wofford. California C. 0. Dunbar. Colorado C. P. Maltby. Connecticut Thomas J. Spellacy. Delaware William H. Stevens. Florida William H. Stevens. Georgia W. G. Brantley. Idaho James H. Howley. Illinois- -John P. Hopkins. Indiana Charles L. Goetz. Iowa John W. Kintzinger. Kansas A. M. Jackson. Kentucky Eobert Evans. Louisiana Theodore Wilkinson. Maine Harry A. Weymouth. Maryland Arthur Peter. Massachusetts Humphrey 'Sullivan. Michigan Woodbridge N. Ferris. Minnesota H. O. Weis. Mississippi W. P. Cassidy. Missouri David B. Francis. Montana O. C. Cato. Nebraska G. M. Hitchcock. Nevada C. H. Mclntosh. New Hampshire Edw. W. Townsend. New Mexico John DeWitt Veeder. New Jersey J. Thompson Baker. New York Theodore C. Eppig. North Carolina Julian S. Carr. 40 OFFICIAL PnooEKmNOs OF TIIK North Dakota Frank Reed. Ohio Eobert T. Scott. Oklahoma Thomas Doyle. Oregon Daniel W. Sheahan. Pennsylvania Americus Enfield. Ehode Island Giustino De Benedictis. South Carolina E. D. Smith. South Dakota George Philip. Tennessee ;M. M. Allison. Texas T. W. Gregory. Utah John E. Barnes. Vermont W. B. Mayo. Virginia W. Hodges Mann. Washington J. A. Munday. West Virginia L. M. Frantz. Wisconsin A. G. Paukow. Wyoming J. A. Kendrick. Alaska Z. B. Cheney. District of Columbia Charles E. Newman. Hawaii G. J. Waller. Porto Eico Antonio M. Molina. Philippine Islands Leon J. Lambert. ADJOUENMENT. MR. BOGKE C. SULLIVAN, of Illinois: Mr. Chairman, I move that when the Convention adjourns it adjourn to meet at 2 o'clock tomorrow afternoon. MR. HENRY D. CLAYTON, of Alabama: I move as an amendment, that when the Convention adjourns tonight it adjourn to meet at VI o 'clock noon tomorrow. The amendment was agreed to. The motion as amended was agreed to. MR. EOGER SULLIVAN, of Illinois: I move that the Convention adjourn. The motion was agreed to; and (at 10 o'clock and 32 minutes p. m.) the Convention adjourned until tomorrow, Wednesday, June 26, at 12 o 'clock meridian. SECOND DAY CONVENTION HALL, FIFTH MARYLAND EEGIMENT ARMORY, BALTIMORE, MD., June 26, 191-2. The Convention met at 12 o'clock m. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN : The Chair presents the Rt. Eev. John Gardner Murray, Bishop of Maryland, who will offer prayer. PEAYER OF RT. RKV. JOHN* GARDNER MURRAY, D. D., BISHOP OF MARYLAND. Rt. Rev. John Gardner Murray, D. D., Bishop of Maryland, offered the following prayer: O Almighty and Eternal God, Heavenly Father, Thou Who art the Author of all life and the lawful Ruler of all mankind, we bow in Thy Presence, recognizing Thy supreme sovereignty over us, acknowledging our utter dependence upon Thee, and praying for Thy blessing of help and favor upon this Convention, upon our land and people, and upon all in authority in our nation. Assembled here today, we stand face to face with the most momen- tous crisis in the history of our great Government, but Thou art the fountain of all wisdom, Thou art the source of all knowledge, Thou art the Tower of all strength; and in this hour of solemn obligation anil wonderful opportunity, in our insufficiency we come to Thee for wis- dom, in our ignorance we come to Thee for knowledge, and in our weakness we come to Thee for strength. And we thus come all the more confidently ami with the more perfect assurance because as in the [Hist Thou hast been our fathers' God, so in the present art Thou our God too. Let not, we pray Thee, in our discussion, the hand of pride, preju- dice or passion come nigh to hurt us, nor the foot of the ungodly to east us down ; but in the expression of Thy great love for this people which Thou hast raised up and made mighty among the nations of earth, wilt Thou so control the mind and direct the will of this body that all its deliberations shall make for the more abundant life of the gospel of prosperity and peace in our every social, civic and economic relation- ship and sphere. And wilt Thou grant that upon whomsoever the Presi- dential and Vice Presidential nomination mantles of this Convention shall fall, may they be patriotic, God-fearing and God-serving men of 41 42 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE personal purity and public virtue; so that by our final action we shall not only serve our party but also honor our country and supremely glorify Thee our Governor and our God. All which we ask through Jesus Christ our Lord, Who hast taught us when we pray to say, Our Father, Who art in heaven, hallowed by Thy Name! Thy kingdom come; Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our tres- passes as we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. For Thine is the kingdom and the power and the glory forever and ever. Amen. COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS. MR. NEWTON C. BLANCHARB, of Louisiana: Mr. Chairman, I am directed by the Committee on Credentials to report to this Convention that it has not yet completed its labors, and will require the time from now until eight o'clock tonight to do so. I will not move that the con- vention now take a recess until 8 o'clock, for I know those present would like a display of oratory, but I do. move that when the conven- tion takes a recess, it be to meet at 8 o'clock tonight. The motion was agreed to. SPEECH OF JOSEPH W. FOLK. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: Gentlemen of the convention, I have great pleasure in introducing to you ex-Governor Folk of Missouri. MR. JOSEPH W. FOLK, of Missouri: Mr. Chairman, and fellow Democrats, the nominee of this convention will be the next President of the United States. [Applause.] In 1908 at Denver we nominated a ticket that was defeated. I be- lieve I can safely say that the man who did most to defeat Mr. Bryan in that campaign will now admit he made a mistake in not advising the people to accept Mr. Bryan and to reject Mr. Taft. You may not agree with Mr. Bryan in all of his ideas, but no one can deny that he has been the greatest moral teacher of this generation. [Applause.] That ticket was not elected, but in 1910 the people elected a Democratic, lower House of Congress, and that lower House proceeded -to carry out. _eyery plank of the Denver platform as far as it was able. That platform declared for the election of United States Senators by direct vote of the people, and a Democratic House has aided in sub- mitting &n amendment for the election of Senators by the people. [Ap- plause.] That platform declared for an income tax, and a Democratic House aided in submitting an amendment for an income tax. That platform declared for the overthrow of Cannonism, and a Demo- cratic House, under the leadership of a great Democratic speaker, has restored representative government. [Applause.] DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION '43 Let us in this Convention nominate a progressive Democrat for j President. Let us adopt a progressive Democratic platform. Let us * declare that we are not opposed to wealth honestly acquired, but that we propose to wage unending war against the privileges that produce tainted riches on one side and undeserved poverty on the other. [Ap- plause.] Let us announce that we will protect property rights, but let us recognize the principle that property rights ought not to be incon- sistent with human rights. Let us recognize vested rights, but let us deny that there can be any such thing as a vested wrong. [Applause.] Let us not array class against class, but let us preserve the rights of all by causing each to respect the rights of the other. Let us seek as a remedy for exist ing wrongs, not alone government by the people, but more government by the people. Let us not ask anyone to join us because we can give him a privilege, a subsidy or a bounty, enabling him to make money at the expense of his fellow men, but let us guar- antee to all an equal opportunity to live and labor, and to enjoy the fruits of honest toil. [Applause.] Let us make it plain to the people of this nation that the Democratic party stands not only for govern- ment of the people and by the people, but government for the people. [Applause.] SPEECH OF ISIDOR RAYNER, THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: We have just heard the distinguished young ex-governor of Missouri, and we will now have the pleasure of listening to one of the leaders of the democracy, a citizen of this good State and a resident of the city which is now entertaining us, Senator Isidor Rayner. [Applause.] MR. ISIDOR RAYNER, of Maryland: Mr. Chairman, ladies and gen- tlemen, we will have before us this fall three different parties. The Republican party has nominated Mr. Taft. The motto of that party will be. practically, "We will react and retrograde." A new party will j e'-hat s arise in a month from now that has already announced its motto, and that motto is ' ' Thou shalt not steal. ' ' My friends, there is but one motto for us to announce and that motto is "We shall progress." [Applause.] Under that motto this inspiring scene here today foreshadows our coming victory in November. [Ap- plause.] Our hosts are in the field. We are ready for the battle. There is no subterfuge upon our banner. We are not ashamed of our record, and we are proud of the colors we hope to plant upon the citadel of the foe. [Applause.] Now, around what issues shall the conflict wage? First and fore- most upon our banners is our historic emblem that this is a government of the people and that there is no authority conferred by the Federal Constitution to impose upon the people of this Union any tribute or burden that is not necessary to carry out the purpose of government honestly administered. [Applause.] 44 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE The Republican party is the party of the classes, and upon its ban- ners in blazing letters is its motto of protection to the American mo- nopolists. The Democratic party is in favor of a constitutional tariff for revenue. [Applause.] The Republican party is in favor of an unconstitutional tariff for protection. A man cannot be a Democrat and be a protectionist. If he is for protection he is against his party upon the principal issue that divides the parties. This must be one of our issues; shadows have crossed its path, but we must rekindle it and keep its fires burning. The people are with us upon this issue. They will tear the mask from those who have robbed them and the truth shall be revealed. They will demand a return of the plunder. They will demand that American ports shall be reasonably open for the commerce of mankind. They will march toward the citadel within which monopoly lies intrenched, and if we maintain the courage of our convictions that citadel will be stormed and upon its ruins, by the intelligent suffrages of our countrymen we shall again be called upon to shape and guide the destinies of the republic. [Applause.] Now, my friends, I will pass quickly to another issue. We must oppose with every lawful means within our power these unlawful combi- nations of centralized wealth that are oppressing the consumers of this country. If they accomplished any good whatever I would be in favor of withdrawing all opposition to them. If, by extending their opera- tions, they lowered prices, if they increased wages, if they contributed in any manner to the welfare or prosperity of the country, I would say let them advance with steady step and plant their acquisitions in every commonwealth over the undisputed territory of the Union. But they do no one of these things. They raise prices; they lower wages; they limit production; they monopolize the wealth of the land. They withdraw it from the channels of circulation, and in their grasp and greed for profit and for power they despoil the earnings and im- poverish the homes of our countrymen. We must raise our standard against them in every form ; not characterize some of them as good and denounce others of them as bad. As in days gone by the merchant guilds and the craft guilds of England compelled an English king upon the field of Runnymede to sign the parchment of English liberty, so the business honor and the commercial integrity of this land, speaking through the Democratic party and through that party alone, will compel monopoly to lower its standard, to recognize the rights of its victims, and will drive it from the throne it has erected upon the wants of penury and the toil of unrequited labor. Another thing. We must protect the rights of the States against the invasion of Federal power. I am a States' rights Democrat. The Democratic party cannot be born again. It must cling to its historic principles or it must abandon its historic name. [Applause.] It can- DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 45 not come into power as an annex to the Eepublican party. If this is not Democracy, then I know not what I am. We are the Democracy of the Constitution. We must .gather around it and preserve it inviolate and intact, and we must once and forever impress upon the people that this sacred instrument must be kept intact as handed down to us by Madison, by Randolph, by Pinckney and by Rutledge. [Applause.] We must preserve inviolate the distinction between legislative and executive powers, and we must see to it that no President of the United States shall ever again dare to invade the legislative department of the Government. [Applause.] It is this imperishable distinction that has made the Constitution of the United States read in every place where political science is taught. [Applause.] Not only this, but it is perused by tyrants upon their trembling thrones, and today, in lands that have been under the dominion of despots, it is an object lesson, as the dawn of republican government is breakirsg in upon those benighted spheres. It is studied in the camp of the revolutionist, and by the glimmering light in the dungeon of the political convict, and by exiled philosophers in penal colonies. This distinction is the arch that sustains and spans the bridge of the consti- tution. Touch not the arch. If we do, the fabric will haste to swift decay. Keep the keystone inviolate and intact; see* to it that no sacri- legious hand shall hew it down ; and the whole majestic structure ' ' shall time defy, as rocks resist the billows and the sky." [Applause.] One more point. We must declare in favor of the election of United States Senators by the people. [Applause.] If the people have not enough intelligence to elect their United States Senators, then free- dom is a dream and this republic is a failure. [Applause.] We must declare in favor of primary elections by the people. [Ap- plause.] Whenever the people have a right to elect, they shall have the right to nominate their public servants. I know it is said in some quar- ters that this will put incompetent men in public office. Mr. Chairman, I am not afraid to trust the people of these United States. [Applause.] The rising generation is a generation of intelligence. From the ranks of educated labor, from our colleges and universities they come with thoughtful ballots, with free ballots and with ballots that are not for sale. They understand these questions just as well as we do, and if we decide them wrong they will decide them right. Let us stand by the doctrines and by the faith and by the creed of our fathers, and I have no doubt of the success of our party. We will weather the storm as we have weathered the storms of a century. It may be necessary to jettison a part of our cargo, but, armed and equipped with the honor and courage and manhood of the nation, we are making for the harbor, the Democratic ship of state is safe and we will defiantly surmount the tumult of the tempest ami the violence of the storm. [Applause.] 46 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE SPEECH OF HENRY D. CLAYTON. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: Gentlemen of the Convention, I ^now have the pleasure of introducing to you the gentleman who four years ago was the Permanent Chairman of your Convention at Denver, and who has rendered to the people of this country and to the great Demo- cratic party most magnificent service as chairman of the Judiciary Committee of the Democratic House of Representatives, Hon. Henry D. Clayton, of Alabama. MR. CLAYTON, of Alabama: Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen In the beginning of this address, which shall be brief, I have mentioned the ladies, and to them let me here and now appeal for support of our nominees in the coming November election. [Applause.] Let me hazard the prediction that the great majority of good and thoughtful women of those States of the Union where women are given the fran- chise will east their votes for the candidates selected by this convention. [Applause.] And let me also predict that the majority of those good women of the United States who happen to be married will compel their husbands to vote the Democratic ticket at the next election. If a woman can vote, let her vote the Democratic ticket. If she herself cannot vote, let her make her old man and her boys vote the Demo- cratic ticket. I am for that sort of woman suffrage. [Applause.] My friends, the country is treated to a remarkable but nevertheless to us an enjoyable spectacle this year that is, a divided and well nigh disintegrated Republican party. Confessedly the Republican party has always been the party to promote and care for special interests at the expense of the masses, and what is left of it now is the remnant of a subservient selfish and discredited business organization and not a political party. The doctrines of the Democratic party, as a result of its teachings during the last sixteen years, began to permeate Repub- lican strongholds in the West and in the East since the last quadrennial- election. There are now near Democrats in Kansas and other States calling themselves Insurgent Republicans. They are sensible enough but not yet quite brave enough to call themselves Democrats. We have every reason to believe that thousands of such Republicans will be patriotic enough and courageous enough next fall to vote the Democratic ticket from top to bottom. Mr. Roosevelt .is right when he says that Mr. Taft should not be elected this year, and Mr. Taft is everlastingly right when he says that Mr. Roosevelt should be defeated in his mad effort to obtain a third term as President. The Republican party of special privilege must and will be driven from place and power. The compact organization which it has here- tofore maintained through protectionism has been broken. The Ameri- can people understand better than ever heretofore the hurtful things for which that party gtands. The next election is not to be bought DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 47 with the campaign contributions of protected interests or of monopolies. We know that our distinguished Temporary Chairman, Judge Parker, was deprived of a rightful election by the contribution of New York insurance companies and ' ' My Dear Harriman ' ' and other corporation magnates who responded to the ' ' practical ' ' requests of Mr. Boosevelt. We know that these same influences contributed to Democratic defeat in 1908 and thwarted the righteous judgment of the American people. Let me congratulate you upon the unity of the Democratic party, and let us felicitate ourselves upon the fact that the country now understands better than ever before what are the desires and purposes of our party. What the Democratic House has done at Washington furnishes assurance of what our party will do when in control of the Federal Government. The ^Democrats of the House of Bepresentatives and their Democratic brethren in the Senate have endeavored to redeem their every campaign pledge and have been guided by wise and constructive statesmanship. Let me mention a few of the things which the Demo- crats in Congress have accomplished : Campaign contributions and expenses must now, under Democratic law, be made public before as well as after the election. The lavish use of money can no longer, as we believe, debauch our elections in many sections of the Union. The original and long-time Democratic demand for the direct election of United States Senators has passed the Democratic House and it is believed will at no distant date become a part of the organic law of the Union. The committing of the election of Senators to the direct vote of the people will not perhaps eradicate all the abuses which have often characterized Senatorial elections; but this Constitutional amend- ment and other wholesome legislation and enlightened public sentiment will reduce to a minimum the corrupt misuse of money in Senatorial elections. The people can be safely trusted to elect their Senators and by bringing the representatives of the people nearer to the people them- selves much will be done to make our Government a truly representative Democracy. The Democrats in the House and in the Senate have passed measures revising the Bepublican tariff down to a revenue basis. To those who might declare that we have not cut as deep as we ought to have cut we need only to say that all the high tariff Bepublicans in Congress voted against, and even the Bepublican President, who claims to be only a moderate protectionist, vetoed them. The Democratic House has passed an excise bill in the nature of an income tax. It is not too much to hope that the day is not far distant when the eight more States neces- sary will ratify the amendment to the Constitution authorizing the imposition of an income tax without apportionment. When the time shall come the Democratic party will lift from the consumers of this land a part of the onerous taxation which now oppresses them and lay it where it justly should be laid upon those whose abundant incomes 48 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE enable them to pay it without lessening even the luxuries which they enjoy. No machine or steam roller has determined the personnel of the delegates of this convention. No committee has fixed in advance of this convention a plan for the nomination of any particular man. You do not now know nor do I know upon whom the nomination of this con- ventin for President will fall. [Applause.] (At this point a demonstration occurred.) ME. CLAYTON, of Alabama: Gentlemen of the Convention, a few moments ago I told you that you did not know and I did not know who this convention will nominate. Permit me now to tell you what I do know, and that is that this convention will select the next President of the United States. [Applause.] We are here for a more momentous purpose than the mere nomination of a candidate.* We have met to name the next President of the United States, for the people will ratify our nomination in November next, and it matters not where we may go to get our candidate. [Applause.] In the coming campaign the most fruitful subject of discussion and of controversy will be the tariff and other bills passed by the Democratic House at Washington. That House, aided by those of like faith in the Senate, passed remedial meas- ures in behalf of the people. The Bepublican President, now the Repub- lican nominee, vetoed those measures. The man who penned those reform measures which have been vetoed by the Eepublican President and the man who guided the Democratic House bears an illustrious name which will be a household word in the next campaign; and when the roll call of States is had in this convention, Alabama will respond with her own beloved Underwood. [Applause.] SPEECH OF THOMAS P. EILEY. MR. THOMAS P. EILEY, of Massachusetts: My fellows of the great Democratic Convention, it is indeed a sw T eet pleasure for me, coming from Massachusetts, to sound here the note that has been ringing through our great commonwealth for over two years. We have been doing in our commonwealth as a party what we expect our great party in this nation will do. We have been demonstrating the fact that political representatives, whether they be delegates to conventions assembled, or selectmen of small towns, or aldermen of cities, or Bep- resentatives in State legislatures, or Bepresentatives and Senators in the great National Congress, are servants of the people and must not be tools of interests. [Applause.] We have learned the lesson in this way: We have learned that the great problems of government are all fought out on a great basic battlefield, and that every fight is a fight of the dollar on one side against the enfranchised voter on the other. [Applause.] So far we have found that this fight does not rage and wage principally against the voter, but it wages for the vote of the representative. The dollar seeking legislative favor, which it should not DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 49 get, seeks to seduce the man who in a representative capacity has the opportunity and the power to give improper and undeserved favor, while the voter on the other hand seeks to keep his representative true to the toiling millions that the voter himself represents. We have learned this lesson that it takes from ten to twenty-five years for the great public mind, represented by the voters, to come to the same degree of knowledge of public things and of civil questions that is already acquired and enjoyed by the specially trained minds of political leaders; and we have learned that in the first phase of the battle, wherein the dollar, seeking legislative favor, is ranged up against the voter where the voter demands that men, women and children to the number of millions in this great country shall receive consideration at the hands of legislators, where efforts have been made to secure leg- islation for shorter hours, eight hours for public employees, considera- tion for women and children, workmen 's compensation laws, and so on where these great battles have been fought, we have found in Massa- chusetts that after the public mind had become awakened as to what was the proper thing, it took only five minutes of debate, where ten years before it had taken three hours of debate even to get a hearing. Great corporations doing business by virtue of the generosity and good will of millions of people, through franchises obtained from the people's representatives, have denied consideration to those millions of people through the misuse of the franchise thus obtained, and in the battle of the dollar against the voter we have found in Massa- chusetts that the people have awakened to the fact that great public service corporations must give due regard to safety of life and prop- erty; that in return for the privilege of carrying passengers and freight they must have their trains properly equipped, that they must abolish unreasonably dangerous grade crossings, that they must have their rolling stock equipped with proper safety devices, that they must have adequate crews on their trains, and we have found that the people are awakened to the question of what is right in those matters. We have found that the people of Massachusetts have awakened to the rectitude, the desirability, the propriety and the necessity for a return of the functions of government back into the hands of the people from whom it had been stolen, and Massachusetts has spoken for direct primaries, the direct election of United States Senators, direct legis- lation and other similar things. We have learned this lesson in Massachusetts. I hope and trust we are not going to see this great convention adjourn without giving evidence th,at it has learned the same lesson. We have learned that men are necessary, as well as measures. We have learned that the people can take care of measures, and we want men whom we know to be properly equipped in heart as well as in head. When we came down here from Massachusetts we came with holy principles. Massachusetts, which had been seeking the right man, 50 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE looked all over the field. We found many men, but we found only one who had stood all the tests old Champ Clark, of Missouri. [Applause.] SPEECH OF THOMAS P. GOKE. Mi;. THOMAS P. GORE, of Oklahoma: Mr. Chairman and Fellow Democrats, this Convention has assembled to nominate the next Presi- dent of the United States. [Applause.] This Convention is at once a pledge and a prophecy of Democratic triumph, just as the Repub- lican ghost dance at Chicago was a foreshadowing of Eepublican dis- aster and defeat. The Democracy has only to deserve success in order to achieve Success. We have only to reconsecrate ourselves unto the faith of the fathers. We have only to reconsecrate ourselves to those mighty principles which have made this Republic the brightest jewel that ever flashed upon the skeleton hand of time. My fellow Democrats, let us have peace. Let us have peace at any price, at any sacrifice save only that of honor. [Applause.] Let us here and now put every Democrat under bond to keep the peace. Let us levy a prohibitive tariff upon the apples of discord. [Applause.] "Divide and conquer" was the maxim which carried the Koman arms and the Koman eagles from the rising to the setting sun. While Eepublicans divide, let Democrats unite, multiply and conquer. A house divided against itself cannot stand. The Kepublican party cannot endure half slave and half free, half progressive and half reactionary, half living and half dead. [Applause.] Nothing can rescue the Republican party froin self -slaughter except- ing only Democratic suicide; nothing, unless the Democracy, like a shorn and blinded Samson, should pull down the temple upon the altars of its own faith. Theodore Roosevelt undertook to breathe the breath of life and the spirit of modern progress into the petrified remains of the Republican party, but the mummy would not stir. [Applause.] The heartbeat of human sympathy was still. From the voiceless lips of the unreplying dead there came no word. Let Mr. Roosevelt learn, let this convention teach him and teach the republic that it is the Democracy and not the Republican party that believes in the equality of man before the laws of God, and in the equality of the citizen before the laws of man; that it is the Democratic party which believes in the right of the governed to govern ; that it is the Democratic party which believes that the will of the majority should be the supreme law of the land, and yet believes that the humblest citizen has rights which are more sacred than the prerogatives of a prince; which believes that the lowliest of the lowly has certain rights of which no majority can deprive him with- out tyranny and injustice. [Applause.] Let them learn that it is the Democratic party which believes in the rights and the liberties of the citizen, in tlie rights ami the powers of the States, and in the powers DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONTENTION 51 and limitations of the Federal Government. Let them learn that it is the Democracy which believes that the government should be the fountain of justice and not the fountain of favors. [Applause.] Let them learn that it is the Democracy which believes that the man who eats bread in the sweat of his own face is as royal as a king [Applause.] Let them learn that it is the Democracy which believes in the coronation of the common man. Let Mr. Boosevelt learn nay, he has already learned that it is the standpat Republican party which believes in the dethronement of the people and the " enthronement of the unburied boss. He has already learned that the Republican party believes in the divine right of the few to misgovern the many. He has already learned that the standpat Republican party no longer cherishes the faith of Lincoln in a government of the people, by the people, for the people, but rather believes in a government of the privileged, by the privileged, for the privileged. [Applause.] I rejoice, my fellow Democrats, to preach the gospel of Abraham Lincoln here in this hall, consecrated by the pictures of Andrew Jack- son and Thomas Jefferson. May I say to you in passing that I believe the home and the tomb of Jefferson should be owned by the people, should be acquired by the government, should be converted into a shrine, so that the lovers of liberty may come as pilgrims from every dime in every time and reconsecrate their devotion to the rights of man and renew their faith in the capacity of the people to govern them- selves. [Applause.] The crusade to rescue the sepulchre of Jefferson and to place it in the hands of a grateful nation has already begun, not by Richard of the Lion Heart, but by a devoted little Democratic woman, Mrs. Martin W. Littleton, affectionately known as Peggy, and this convention should endorse and approve her patriotic endeavors and her unselfish devotion. [Applause.] My friends. Mr. Roosevelt has already learned that you cannot pour democratic wine into republican bottles. [Applause.] I know it has been said that a standpat republican, like a French Bourbon, never learns anything and never forgets anything. That is not true. The standpat Republicans have their lesson to learn. They must learn that the people themselves are the source of political power in this republic. They must learn that they cannot stay the flight of time merely by stop ping the hands upon the dial of the clock. They must learn that they cannot keep back the rising furies of the storm merely by sitting tight upon the barometer. They must learn that the spirit of progress is as constant as gravity and as tireless as time, and that it presides and must preside over the destinies of the race and the destinies of the republic. [Applause.] The people, too, have their lesson to learn. They must learn that they can, if they will, hold" in their own hands the sceptre of power and wear upon their own brow the crown of real authority. [Applause.] The people have already learned that they cannot rely upon th 52 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE republican party to remedy and to rectify their wrongs. Let the people learn that under a republican administration the laws are but cobwebs to catch the little flies and let the big ones break through unharmed. The people have learned that the tariff cannot be revised by its friends, save in the interest of its friends. They have learned that the trusts cannot be dissolved by their friends save in the interest of their friends. The people have learned that the republican party believes in a tariff policy which enables one man to get without earning what another man earns without getting. [Applause.] The people have learned that the man who made two blades of grass grow where only one had grown before is not to be mentioned in the same breath with the statesman who made sixteen trusts to flourish where only one had existed before. [Applause.] The people have learned that the Eepublican party taxes the toys and joys of childhood; taxes the tools in the hands of the toiler; taxes the rags upon the back of the beggar; taxes the crust upon the lips of hunger; taxes not only the necessaries and comforts of life, but taxes the cerements and the monuments of the dead. [Applause.] Fellow Democrats, the tariff issue has been eliminated from politics, for I myself have devised a solution of the problem. My everlasting fame shall rest upon that solution. Under my system every article, either produced in or introduced into the United States, shall bear a tag and on that tag shall be inscribed the price of the article, plus the tariff, also the price of the article minus the tariff. Under this plan everybody who believes in a high tariff shall be allowed to buy the articles plus the tariff, and everybody who believes in a low tariff or in no tariff shall be allowed to buy the articles at the price less the tariff. [Laughter and applause.] That plan is bound to give universal satis- faction, because under its operation it shall be done unto every man according to his faith. [Applause and laughter.] My fellow Democrats, the battle hymn of the Democracy in this con- test will be, "Let the people rule." Let us have a look at the books, and the immediate war-cry shall be, "Less tariff, more trade, no trusts, no graft, and no Taft. " The Eepublican emblem in the pending con- test will not be the full dinner-pail, but will be alas, the pity of it! the empty market basket. [Applause.] Under this Republican regime, under their revision of the tariff, the cost of living has gone up and the standard of living has gone down. The high cost of living sits today like a skeleton at every banquet board, at every breakfast table. It haunts not only the closets, but it rifles the pantries of the poor. The people will no longer kiss the jew- eled hand that smites them. They have already been smitten upon both cheeks. , The indications now are that before this Convention concludes some- body is likely to be defeated. If your candidate is defeated fell this Btory on yourselves when you return to your several homes. Once there DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 53 was a small boy who went to a neighborhood picnic, and he met with a series of casualties and disasters. He fell from the merry-go-round; he lest his top; he was stung by a bumble-bee; he was licked by a new hoy in the neighborhood. Returning home, disfigured and disconsolate, his mother, after viewing the prospects, said, "Jack, how did you enjoy the day?" He said, "I am so glad to get back that I am glad I went." [Laughter and applause.] My fellow Democrats, what is a mere candidate weighed in the bal- ances with a mighty cause! What is a mere president weighed in the balances with a sacred principle? If the Democracy but woo victory in good faith, she will be won and wed. The march of events is with us. The spirit of the times is with us. The voice of the people and the voice of God are with us. [Ap- plause.] The stars in their course wage war for Democracy. The voice of this Convention shall be my voice. Let the choice of this Convention be your choice, and victory will be assured. [Applause.] SPEECH OF JOHN TEMPLE GRAVES. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: I now have the pleasure of introduc- ing to you one of Democracy's foremost orators, Colonel John Temple Graves. [Applause.] MR. JOHN TEMPLE GRAVES: Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen of the Convention, in the five minutes which I shall consume I shall mention the name of no candidate and plead the shibboleth of no faction. From the ranks of the people there can come but one message to this triumphant Convention of progressive democracy the message of un- faltering courage and triumphant hope. Never in the Democratic his- tory of the last fifty years has there assembled a convention so full of hope, so full of promise, so full of splendid courage as this Convention of today. Our last faction has been healed, our last wrangle has been silenced, and he who henceforth in this Convention breathes the spirit of discord Or the spirit of division is a traitor to the future and recreant to the traditions of the past. I believe we have never confronted any condition of affairs which has promised so much to the Democracy and to the people. I believe that at last we have come to the parting of the ways. The Democratic party in the last ten years has been a party of education. Our very wrangles have taught us, our very divisions have educated us. We have grown out of the strife and faction in our ranks until we are at last a welded and a united party. Under this sign, the triumphant sigu of unity, we conquer. I believe that we have learned many things from our own divisions, and that we are the beneficiaries of every division among our enemies. God and the people are on the side of the triumphant Democracy of today. God and the people are pointing us the way toward a triumph- :>l OFFICIAL "PROCEEDINGS OF THE anv victory in November. I do not think we can ever hope to confront a better promise than that which is ours now. I think that Theodore Roosevelt was a political John the Baptist, crying in the j olitical wilderness in Chicago. "Prepare ye. prepare ye the way of Democracy; make her paths straight at Baltimore.'' I be- lieve that all things are working together for the good of those who love the Lord and follow Thomas Jefferson. I believe we now have but one note by which we can conquer that every faction in our party must be healed ; that all those who fight within its ranks must be recognized. The five-sevenths of progressive democracy absolutely need the two- sevenths of conservatism to make our calling and election sure. We cannot win without them. The Democracy can hope no more than to hold its own. If the Democracy can hold its own, its triumph is abso- lutely assured. Taft and the reactionaries will lead those who worship the golden idol of privilege; Eoosevelt recognizes the spirit of discon- tent that divides the Republican party; and if we can only hold our own, if we can only gather to ourselves that which is ours, if we .-an only hold the men who belong to the Democracy of the past and the Democracy of the future, we can surely and triumphantly win. I know that the time has come at last when every great name who has pleaded the cause of Democracy shall be recognized as indispensable to its success. I believe the time has come when we shall mingle Ohio and New Jersey, when Massachusetts and South Carolina shall be joined together above the grave of Republicanism. I believe the time has come when the superb and stirring eloquence of Bryan shall be joined with the magnificent advocacy of Hearst. I believe the time has come when Alfalfa Bill of Oklahoma shall clasp hands with George Fred Williams of Massachusetts, when the old lion of five-sevenths of progress shall lie down with the little lamb of two-sevenths of conservatism, and the triumphant spirit of Thomas Jefferson shall lead them past faction into the pleasant paths of perpetual and eternal peace. [Applause.] The Democratic party cannot die. Parties may live; other parties have lived; the old Whig party, the old Federal party, the -Populist party, the independent parties, with scholastic legions; but when they are all gone, the Democratic party shall live, and live forever, when the Republican party, wrapping the mantle of its splendid sins about it, shall fall by the pillars of the Constitution that it has stained forever with its dishonored history. [Applause.] SPEECH OF JAMES H. PRESTOX. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: A word of welcome is next in order from Mayor Preston of Baltimore. [Applause.] MR. .IAMKS H. PRESTOX, of Baltimore: Ladies and gentlemen. I shall trespass on your patience but three minutes, in order to conv.-v T.I you the welcome of the people of Baltimore and of Maryland to the avalaiu-h.- of the democracy. [Applause.] We have met you and ve DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 55 love YOU. We greet you in our city. We hope that your stay has been r.rnl will continue to be pleasant, and that you will take away from Bal- timore memories of this Convention which will live in your hearts for- ever. [Applause.] After having, on behalf of our people and our city, extended to you this welcome, may I now say a word that is close to my heart, and 1 believe to yours, concerning the great political future which the Demo- cratic party has in store for it. A Democratic Convention is a great crucible into which are brought ideas from the East and West, from the North and South, and those ideas and principles, so brought here, are in this great crucible fused into a platform. Upon that platform is selected some one man to meet your views who shall represent the democracy in the coming battle. One thing, my friends, is most important, is close to your hearts and to mine, and that is that we should go into this great battle with no divided front, that the great principles upon which we have now to make our fight shall be presented by a united democracy, and that every man before nit, whether he is sitting in these galleries as a listener or is rep- resenting his constituents under this great flotilla of standards, shal] not only add his voice to the enunciation of principles, in praise of the candidate here, but that he shall raise his voice for a harmonious and united democracy today, and during the rest of the campaign. [Ap- plause.] My friends, I welcome you, and am delighted to see you in Baltimore-. On behalf of our people and our municipality I bid you welcome. | Applause.] SPEECH OF JAMES E. CAMPBELL. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The Chair now has the pleasure of introducing to you ex-Governor Campbell of Ohio. [Applause.] MR. JAMES E. CAMPBELL, of Ohio: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen,' in the last three State elections we have carried Ohio for the Democratic ticket, and so I am proud to come to you from a Democratic State. [Applause.] Ohio, which has given six Eepublican Presidents to the nation, is sitting now side by side with Texas, as she will march in the Democratic column shoulder to shoulder with Texas. [Applause.] I had intended to confine my speech to a motion to adjourn, knowing how popular that would be, but there are other speakers, and therefore I will call attention to one historical incident in this country which some of you have perhaps forgotten. History repeats itself, and it is repeating itself at this moment in this country. In 1860 the Democratic party had been governing this country for sixty long and prosperous years, and, notwithstanding the fact that it had a majority of more than a million in the popular vote, and a majority in two-thirds of the States, it split, lost the election that year, and went out of power. Now where are we? The party which since that time has almost continuously governed this country has split, Sena- 5G OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE tor Gore said, into two halves, one dead and one alive. My criticism of his speech is that he said either one was alive. They are both dead, but one is deader than the other. [Laughter.] The Taft wing is a disor- ganized rabble composed of cainp followers, sutlers, bounty jumpers, coffee coolers and the refuse of what was once the Republican party. [Applause.] The other wing is led by a self-sufficient egotist whose sanity and probity have both been questioned; a man who went to St. Louis and opened the great Louisiana Purchase Exposition, but never mentioned the name of Thomas Jefferson; a man who dedicated a monu- ment on the field of Antietam, but never thought to mention George B. McClellan; the only President who has had the audacity to go to Gettys- burg and make a speech on the spot where Abraham Lincoln -made his immortal address. Now the lesson is easy. Let them go to their destruction if they will. Let us take advantage of it as we must, and the Democratic party will come into sixty more years of continuous occupation and good govern- ment. [Applause.] ADJOURNMENT. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The Chair recognizes Mr. Robinson, of Arkansas. MR. JOE T. ROBINSON, of Arkansas: Mr. Chairman, inasmuch as none of the committees will be ready to report before that time. I move that the Convention adjourn until 2 o'clock tomorrow afternoon. ME. A. MITCHELL PALMEU, of Pennsylvania: Mr. Chairman, I make the point of order that the Convention has already passed a resolution that when it takes a recess today it be until 8 o'clock this evening. Therefore nothing but a motion to take a recess until that time is in order. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The point of order is well taken. MR. ROBINSON, of Arkansas: Mr. Chairman, I move that the reso- lution by which the Convention agreed that when the Convention take a recess it be until 8 o'clock this evening be rescinded, and that w DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 57 by Reverend T. O. Grouse, D. D., pasfor of the Mount Royal Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church, Baltimore, Md. PRAYER OF REVEREND T. O. C ROUSE, D. D. Reverend T. O. Grouse, D. D., pastor of the Mount Royal Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church, Baltimore, offered the following prayer: Almighty and Eternal God, King of kings and Lord of lords, Who dost from Thy heavenly Throne behold and govein all the peoples and nations of this earth; with humble adoration and grateful thanksgiving we present ourselves before Thy throne of grace. Mercifully regard us and inspire and cleanse our thoughts by the inspiration of Thy Holy Spirit. We at this time especially adore Thee as the God in whom our fathers trusted; as the God whose holy and protecting arm hast pre- served and guided the people of this Republic through many and great perils; hast distinguished them by unnumbered blessings and given them a great name among the nations of the earth. Grant to continue to our country Thy holy care and merciful protec- tion; be Thou our Shield and Buckler, and so direct and overrule all the deliberations and counsels of this great Convention that the cause of human rights and happiness may be furthered, and the kingdom of truth, equity and righteousness may be established. May these Thy servants be preserved from selfishness, discord and unseemly contention. May they be animated by true patriotism and serve Thee by best serving the millions of people whom they represent. Give clear vision, lofty purpose and steadfast courage to each delegate here assembled, and when the decisions of this Convention are reached, may we all have rea- son to rejoice in Thy favor and guiding providence. Thou Fountain of all wisdom, Who knowest our necessities even before we ask, and our ignorance in asking, we beseech Thee to have compassion upon our in- firmities, and answer us not according to our merit or the worthiness of our petition, but according to the fulness of Thy wisdom and grace, "through Jesus Christ our Saviour and Lord. Amen. RULES AND ORDER OF BUSINESS. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: Gentlemen of the Convention, the Chair recognizes Representative J. Harry Covington, of Maryland, chair- man of the Committee on Rules and Order, of Business. MB. J. HAKRY COVINGTOX, of Maryland: Mr. Chairman, the Commit- tee on Rules and Order of Business beg leave to present to this Conven- tion the following report: "Resolved, That the rules of the last Democratic National Conven- tion, including the rules of the House of Representatives of the Sixty- second Congress so far as applicable, be the rules of the Convention, with the following modification: Xo delegate shall occupy the floor in debate for more than thirty minutes, except by the unanimous consent of the Convention. 58 "The order of business shall be: ' ' 1. Eeport of the Committee on Credentials. "2. Beport of the Committee on Permanent Organization. "3. Presentation and selection of a candidate for President of the United States. "4. Presentation and selection of a candidate for Vice-President. "5. Beport of Committee on Besolutions. "6. Motions and resolutions. "J. HARRY COVIXGTOX, Chairman." Mr. Chairman, it is due the Convention that a very brief explanation be made with regard to the change of the order of business, as it has previously been adopted in National Conventions save in the Conven- tion of 1908. The ordinary order of business in Democratic Conventions, after the report of the Committee on Permanent Organization has been pre- sented and adopted by the Convention, has been to receive the report of the Committee on Besolutions. In other words, there is presented to the Convention for its discussion and adoption the platform upon which the party purposes to make its campaign for the suffrages of the American people. But when the Committee on Bules was deliberat- ing today there was a visit to its room by a subcommittee of three distinguished Democrats from the Committee on Besolutions. Senator Bayner of Maryland, Senator Vardaman of Mississippi and one other distinguished member of that committee appeared before our committee with the statement that the great Committee on Besolutions had, by a vote of 41 to 11, and with practically unanimity of discussion, determined that the exigencies of the Democracy at this hour require that its candidate be nominated before the platform is selected upon which he is to make his fight. [Applause.] The Committee on Bules did not believe the question involved was a fundamental one. There was some difference of opinion whether or not the great principles of Democracy are not, after all, greater than any candidacy; but recognizing that it was to some extent a minor matter, and recognizing the judgment of the distinguished gentlemen serving upon the Committee on Besolutions, the Committee on Bules determined to report, in consonance with that suggestion, the change in the order of business which is incorporated in this report. Therefore, Mr. Cliairman, I move the adoption of this report by the Convention. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The question is on agreeing to the report of the Committee on Bules and Order of Business, as presented liy the gentleman from Maryland (Mr. Covingon). The report was agreed to. MR. J. HARRY COVINGTOX, of Maryland: Mr. Chairman, the Com- mittee on Bules and Order of Business present to this Convention an additional report for its adoption, as follows: DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 59 ' ' Et shall be the rule of this Convention that all State delegations which have been instructed by their respective State Democratic con- ventions, or by a State Democratic Presidential preference primary, shall follow those instructions, so long as a majority of the delegates from such State are of the opinion that such instructions are applicable. "J. HARRY COVINGTOX, Chairman." Mr. Chairman, it is recognized that this is a crucial resolution. There will be presented from the Committee on Rules a minority report. That report is signed by fifteen of the members of that committee. The distinguished gentleman from Texas, Representative Henry, will present the minority report. In order to preserve the parliamentary situation, it has been agreed by Representative Henry and myself that the debate upon this resolu- tion shall proceed for two hours. One hour of that time will be con- trolled by the chairman of the committee, myself, and one hour will be controlled by the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Henry). ["No, no! Twenty minutes ! ' '] Gentlemen of the Convention, if there is one thing that is all important in a Democratic Convention, it is that great questions sTiall not be determined upon the spur of the moment. For that reason the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Henry) and myself have agreed that this crucial proposition shall be amply debated. It has been agreed that at the end of the debate the previous question shall not be considered as ordered. The parliamentary situation then will be that at the end of that time amendments to the resolution will be in order, thus preserving in its full amplitude the right of every delegate to move such changes as in his wisdom he deems proper or desirable. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: Gentlemen of the Convention, I now present Congressman Henry, of Texas, who will present the minority report. Ah;. ROBERT L. HENRY, of Texas: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, if you will permit me in a few brief moments I will present the other side of this important question. Tonight the Demo- crats here must strike no blow at local self-government and the right of the people to rule in their primaries. [Applause.] "We concur in the report of the committee, except in regard to the resolution providing a rule touching the unit rule, and we submit the following resolution as a substitute therefor, and recommend its adoption: Resolved, That in casting votes on a call of the States, the Chair shall recognize and enforce a unit rule enacted by a State convention, except in such States as have by mandatory statute provided for the nomination and election of delegates and alternates to national political conventions in Congressional districts, and have not subjected delegates (50 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE so selected to the authority of the State committee or convention of the party, in which case no such rule shall be held to apply. ROBERT L. HENRY, Texas. BRUCE F. STERLING, Pennsylvania. I. J. DUNN, Nebraska. JOHN H. HINEMON, Arkansas. J. D. CALL, Utah. CHAS. B. STRECKER, Massachusetts. M. E. BALDWIN, Montana. A. C. ANDERSON, Mississippi. GUY H. CUTLER, New Hampshire. THOS. H. BIRCH, New Jersey. JOHN DE WITT VEEDER, New Mexico. H. L. BUCK, Minnesota. MIKE FREY, Kansas. E. P. HILL, Oklahoma. LAWRENCE BECKER, Indiana. CARL NELSON, North Dakota. JOHN A. AYLWARD, Wisconsin. EDWIN M. STARCHER, South Dakota. JOHN W. PRICE, Virginia. Gentlemen of the Convention, after the chairman of the Committee on Rules and Order of Business has presented his side of this con- troversy, I shall ask the indulgence of the delegates in order that I may present the other side of this important proposition in behalf of the people in every locality and district throughout this country. [Applause.] MR. J. HARRY COVINGTON, of Maryland: Mr. Chairman, the majority of the Committee on Rules did not believe that the question of the application of the unit rule to delegations in a Democratic Con- vention involved a fundamental question of Democratic principles, but the majority of that committee did believe that there is a time- honored and historic Democratic position upon the unit rule. It will be observed that this resolution does not require a delegation to vote under the unit rule unless it has received explicit instructions from the people of the State, either through a State convention or a preferential primary in that State. Since 1852 the Democracy, adhering to its belief that the preserva- tion of the integrity of State lines was in accord with Democratic prin- ciples, has adhered to the right to recognize the unit rule in its National Conventions. The Democratic party has always been a party which recognizes the States as units. It has been preeminently, from the time of its birth under Jefferson, the party of the conservation of the States. It has recognized that in the Constitution itself it found the predominant unit of the States. If an election shall perchance be DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 61 thrown uto the House of Representatives, the great founders of this Republic were sedulous to preserve the rights of the States by decree- ing that the vote of each State should be cast as a unit in accordance with the will of a majority of its Representatives in the House of Representatives. [Applause.] The Democratic party long before the civil war established the two-thirds rule in National Conventions. The two-thirds rule and the unit rule, where enforced by the people of a State, go hand in hand. When you obliterate the lines of the States, when you seek to destroy that fundamental demarcation, there is then no logical reason to preserve the two-thirds rule in a Democratic Con- vention; but the wisdom of the fathers determined that two-thirds of air the delegates in convention assembled should be necessary to select a candidate for the presidency by this great party, because it recog- nized the right of the States as units; and realizing the preponderance of influence held by the great States in convention assembled, it pre- served the rights of the smaller States by establishing the two-thirds rule; and who is there in this Convention who shall say that that primal recognition of the rights of the States is not Jeffersonian doctrine? [Applause.] Mr. Chairman, in addition to that, the very spirit of the unit rule is the spirit that goes with the progressivism of today. We have had, from Maine to California, from the Canadian boundary to the Rio Grande, a demand for preferential primaries, and the direct popular election of all sorts of candidates and delegates. That is the recog- nition by the Democracy of the right of the people of the State as a whole to give instructions to its delegates in convention assembled. When a great State shall place upon its statute books a law requiring a vote by the people of the State, or when it requires that the delegates to the State convention shall be elected by direct vote, it is the logic of that position that it was the determination of a Democracy, sedulous to preserve the rights of the people, that the States should speak as units. So instead of the enforcement of a unit at the behest of a State being against Democratic doctrine, it is in line with the spirit of progressivism that is taking entire and rightful possession of a unified Democracy. Mr. Chairman, I simply want to say in conclusion that it is not, I repeat, a fundamental question. One of the great Democratic lead- ers of the past, gone to his grave, stated that the greatest creed of Democracy was "in essentials, unity; in non-essentials, liberty; in all things, charity." We in this Convention, and the majority of the Committee on Rules, believe that those States enjoying the liberty of Democracy, that have determined to send their delegates here each as an individual, shall vote as individuals. While recognizing the right of' the State rights Democracy to do as it wills within a State, we have believed that it is the liberty of Democracy to permit a State to instruct its delegation to vote as a whole, and at the conclusion of 62 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE this debate I shall move the adoption of the majority report. [Ap- plause.] MR. EGBERT L. HENRY, of Texas: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, it is a surprise to me that the gentleman from Mary- land (Mr. Covington) should be found presenting a report which denies the right of the people of a district to select and instruct their delegates, in view of the fact that his State has a law to the con- trary. [Applause.] ' MR. COVINGTON, of Maryland: Oh, no. MR. HENRY, of Texas: There is no effort here to subvert the time- honored unit rule as it has obtained for nearly a hundred years. We recognize the right of State conventions to elect delegates and instruct those delegates when there is no State law controlling in such matters. Permit me to illustrate by reference to the State of Texas, the State which I have the honor in part to represent on the floor of this Con- vention. We have no primary election law there for the purpose of selecting delegates to a National Convention, but have the old system of the State Executive Committee calling precinct conventions and county conventions, and a State convention, to select delegates from amongst their own representation to the National Convention. How different is the case we have before us here tonight. In the State of Ohio we have a proposition of this sort: The legislature of the State of Ohio withdrew entirely from the domain of the jurisdiction of political parties the right to select delegates at x large to the National Convention, but wrote into the State statutes a provision that the people in every Congressional district should have the right to elect delegates by a direct vote of the people. [Applause.] Permit me to call your attention to a statute of a sovereign State, in order to determine this most important question in accordance with the rules of justice and fair interpretation. To my mind it is so plain that the reading of the statute of Ohio should settle the question. This statute, which was passed in 1910, and is embodied in section 4966 of the Eevised Statutes of the State of Ohio, reads as follows: "Candidates for Congress shall be nominated by direct vote of the people, and delegates and alternates to national political conventions shall be elected by direct vote of the people at the same time, and in the manner following. ' ' Then the statute provides how these delegates may be elected, and requires a petition therefor, signed by electors of the district who are members of the political party where such candidate resides, not less in number than two per cent of the votes cast in said district for the candidate for governor of such party at the last election. Then it prescribes the manner of certification, to wit: "Such deputy supervisor shall certify the result to such district officers under the general election laws. ' ' There is the plain statute of the State of Ohio. Permit me to read DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 63 to you the votes in some of these Ohio districts, where the people, under the explicit law, elected their delegates as they thought best. In the Twentieth District the delegates favoring one gentleman (Harmon) received 1,948 votes, and the delegates who were friendly to the other (Wilson) received 4,255 votes. In the Twenty-first District the delegates for one candidate (Har- mon) received 2,857 votes and the delegates friendly to the other candi- date (Wilson) received 6,389 votes. So the State executive committee issued a proclamation in pursuance of the order that was issued by the national executive committee, and ordered a primary election for the selection of delegates at large, but acquiesced in the law that had been passed by the State of Ohio and signed by her Democratic governor, and left it with the districts to determine when and how they should select those delegates under that State law. We have a case here which is in no wise similar to the application of the unit rule in the State of Texas, and those States holding primaries and conventions, where there is no law authorizing the people to select delegates by direct vote. What does this mean? It signifies that the State has carried out the public policy as demanded by the people, has written a statute, and accorded to the voters in every Congressional district in such State the right to elect their own delegates. Then, although the statute has been complied with, gentlemen go into a State convention in Ohio, and there the delegates assembled, not content with ratifying what has been done in reference to delegates at large, whose selection it was provided should be made by the candidate receiving the highest number of votes in the State for President, but take an arbitrary course in reference to the district delegates. After the delegates have been elected, and in some districts where delegates on both sides have agreed to abide by the decision of the sovereign voice of the voters in such districts, and where they were acquiescing in that decision, the State convention proceeds to repudiate and nullify the State statute and to spit upon the will of the people who have proceeded under the law. Gentlemen, you have the case as I understand it after a patient hear- ing in the Committee on Rules and Order of Business, and in my humble judgment if this Convention here tonight reverses the will of the ponph> in those districts in Ohio which selected their delegates and instructed them under solemn provision of law, it will be equivalent to the National Convention repudiating and nullifying the voice of a sovereign State of the Union. [Applause.] If Democracy stands for anything, it stands for State rights and local self-government, and the privilege of the people to rule in their own affairs, in accordance with the teachings of Thomas Jefferson, [Applause.] Let this Convention make no mistake to gratify the ambitions or whims of any man. If we are true to the traditions and history and principles of 64 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE the Democratic party and make no blunder here, when the votes are counted next November our victory will reach from ocean to own. [Applause.] Therefore I say we should not set aside the will of -the voters in those districts where they have expressed their choice, under solemn statutory enactment, but ratify them here tonight, and announce to the people in every district and State, cur wish that they ' ' Go for- ward with presidential preferential primaries, and everything that gives the people a right to participate in the affairs of Government, and write such laws upon the statute books of every State in the Union." [Ap- plause.] Let us tonight decree the death of the political bosses and convention tricksters and welcome the uprising and rule of the people. MR. J. HARRY COVIXGTOX, of Maryland: Mr. Chairman, I yield twenty minutes to the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Peck). THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Peck) has the floor for twenty minutes. MR. JOHN WELLS PECK, of Ohio: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, I come here tonight to bespeak, on behalf of the State of Ohio, that right to integrity of action and unity of purpose that Democratic conventions have accorded to the sovereign States for the past sixty years. [Applause.] For nearly three-quarters of a century it has been the law of the Democratic party that when a Democratic State convention has expressed an instruction to a delegation to thr National Convention, that instruction should be recognized and carried out. [Applause.] Now, gentlemen, the resolution presented in this minority report is artfully drawn. It is apparently general in its scope, affecting all dele- gations; but as a matter of fact it affects only the delegation from the State of Ohio. It is now proposed to take from the State of Ohio the right to have the power of unified action which has always been recog- nized and accorded. ["No, no."] Gentlemen, I trust you will bear with me until you get the facts regarding the State of Ohio. All we ask is a hearing of our case, and after you have heard it fairly stated, if you do not agree with me I will have no quarrel. But in the last three elections the Democrats have carried the State of Ohio the last time by 100,000 majority and we are entitled to be heard in a National Convention. [Applause.] In Ohio those papers which advocated the nomination for the presi- dency of the great governor of the State of New Jersey demanded a State wide presidential preference primary. [Applause.] Although the law did not require such a primary to be held, it was nevertheless hell at the time the general primary election was held, and by the same officers and at the same places, and the vote was canvassed in the same way. When the vote of the State of Ohio at this State wide preference primary had been canvassed, it was found that the governor of Ohio had a majority of over 10,000 of the voters. [Applause.] At the same pri- DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 65 mary 950 delegates to the State convention were elected by the people. When the governor of Ohio had received this vote in the State-wide preference primary, we thought that the result so far as Ohio was con- cerned was final. Had the other candidate prevailed at that primary we would have acquiesced in his claim to the votes of the State delega tion from Ohio in this Convention. [Applause.] We thought we were playing marbles for keeps, but they told us we were only playing marbles for fun. That State convention assembled at Toledo, the delegates to which were elected by the Democracy of Ohio, instructed the delegates from the State of Ohio to this Convention, by a vote of 600 to 350, to cast the vote of Ohio as a unit for the governor of Ohio, so long as his name should be before this body, or until a majority of the delegates from Ohio decided otherwise. [Applause.] In some districts in the State of Ohio candidates were elected who avowed themselves to be in favor of another candidate for President, but in six of those districts the gov- ernor of Ohio carried the presidential preference primary. Yet it is the avowed intention of those delegates, if you release them from their instructions from the Democracy of Ohio, to disregard the will of the people in their districts. So they do not want this unit rule taken off for the purpose of following the will of the voters of their districts, but they want it taken off for the purpose of voting as they please. [Ap- plause.] Before our Committee on Rules and Order of Business the parlia- mentarian of this Convention, Judge Crisp, of Georgia, said that he had studied the history of the Democratic party and that that study revealed that the Democratic National Convention was a convention of States and not of Congressional districts. [Applause.] He further said that he had examined the law of Ohio, and that he had found nothing in that law to alter that conclusion. That law governs the method of selection, but the delegates come here representing the Democracy of the State of Ohio. It is not our will to nullify the desires of the Democracy of our State, but we say that our State must be accepted as a unit; that its desires, expressed at its presidential preference primary, twined into an instruction at the State convention, expresses the will of the people of Ohio, and we ask you here to let the delegates from Ohio echo that grand chorus in favor of our candidate. [Applause.] THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: Congressman Henry now yields fifteen minutes of his time to Hon. Newton D. Baker, mayor of Cleveland. [Ap- plause.] MR. NEWTON D. BAKER, of Ohio: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, I do not come here to attack the unit rule established by the repeated tradition of National Democratic Conventions, but I come to vindicate the sovereignty of the State of Ohio and to proclaim the sanctity of her laws. [Applause.] Those of you who advocate the doctrine of State rights can have no 66 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE better reason for advocating that doctrine than I, and can have no greater respect for it than I have; but I do say that, much as I adhere to the doctrine of State rights in this Union of ours, yet after all the rights of the people of the United States are the chief care and trust of the Democracy. [Applause.] Let me state my case before you. If you understand it you cannot decide it against me. The National Committee of the Democratic party at its last meeting adopted a resolution calling this Convention, an>! among other things it adopted a resolution declaring that State com- mittees should have the right to provide for the selection of delegates to this Convention in any manner they saw fit, so long as no State law imposed a mandatory method. We start, therefore, with the word of the body that called us into existence, the National Committee of this party, telling the Ohio State committee that they could provide for the election of district delegates in any manner they saw fit, so long as Ohio \ had not by law provided a mandatory method. But when Ohio has by law provided a method, then, in the language of, and by the plain intendment of the enactment of this National Committee, that law is the voice of the State. [Applanse.] In Ohio we have had for more than two years, and had at the time that that resolution was adopted by the National Committee, a law providing that district delegates to national political conventions shall be elected in the districts by the electors of those districts. And not only that, but so desirous was the legislature of Ohio to free the election of delegates to this Convention from any control by State conventions that it provided that even their nomination should not be by convention, but by a petition circulated in the district and signed by not less than two per cent of the electors of that district, of that particular party. [Applause.] Prior to that time in Ohio political parties had been vol- untary political associations, and, therefore, so long as they were thus unrecognized by law, a National Convention of the Democratic party had always said that the highest political tribunal in the party in a State having no law recognizing political parties should be the State conven- tion; and to that doctrine I yield my ready adherence. But when the legislature of the State of Ohio, at the insistent demand of those in that State who believed then and believe now that the mission of Democracy is to restore to the people the powers of government, took away from State conventions the power to select and gave authority to district dele- gates, and by solemn enactment of the legislature of that State, signed by its governor, provided that those who were to be representatives of the districts should be nominated in and elected by the districts, then the reason for that old unit rule was gone, and of course it ought not to !>< applied after the reason for it ceased. [Applause.] " I shall not mention the name of any candidate for President. I do not want to appeal to any prejudice here, either favorable or unfavor- able. I want to argue this case to you as a la\\ycr and win it on my DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 67 rights. [Applause.] In Ohio I ran for district delegate in the Twenty- first Congressional District. I live in a great city of 600,000 people, a city that is set like a gem on the southern shore of Lake Erie. I said to my people, "If I am elected a delegate I will vote in .the National Convention for whatever presidential candidate you in this district shall prefer by your majority. " [Applause.] They believed me. They knew I would do as I promised if I were permitted so to do, and my case here as a representative of those people is to ask you to allow me to fulfill my pledge, and to keep me from being prevented from fulfilling it. [Applause.] After that election was over I received, not from any political con- vention or committee, but under the great seal of the State of Ohio, by authority of the secretary of State, a certificate stating that I am a duly elected and accredited delegate -to this Convention ; and if there had never been any State convention in Ohio, I would still be here with all the powers that I now have, and all the instructions that I could get. My point is this: I ran in a district where I received 7,000 votes. Later a convention was held in the State, that convention being attended by 900 people. My authority and my instructions are from the 7,000 and not from the 900. [Applause.] That situation was fully recognized in Ohio by the State committee. When the Democratic State committee met in Ohio, it met to call a State convention, and to provide for the selection of delegates at large to that State convention; for, while our State statute provided for the selection of district delegates, it made no provision on the subject" of delegates at large. So the Democratic State committee called a State convention, but it was not called for the purpose of instructing anybody. The call issued by the committee for the convention, which call I hold in my hand, says that the purpose of that State convention is to pass resolutions manifestly a State platform to have a committee on cre- dentials and to select candidates for State officers. That was its func- tion. Then they passed a resolution proposed by my friend from Ohio (Mr. Moore) who represents the other side of this question, which reso- lution called for a State-wide preferential primary. He himself called it this afternoon a soap-box primary, because it was not recognized by law, but an extra-legal voluntary submission of a State-wide preferential primary. This call provides what shall be the consequence of that. It provides that the secretary of State shall certify to the State convention the result of the State-wide preferential primary, and that the candidate for President who has received the largest number of votes in that State- wide preferential primary shall have the right to submit to the State convention the names of six delegates at large and six alternates at large for the ratification of the State convention; but there is not a syllable in it which says that such State convention when called shall have any right to instruct delegates already elected, with their credentials issuer 68 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE under the great seal of the State of Ohio already in their pockets, and perhaps paying no attention to what they say. [Applause.] Gentlemen, my time has expired. I have time only for one thing more. I gave my solemn promise to the people in my district that I would vote as they voted. Now, for some reason, men elected for an entirely different purpose are appealing to a tradition that has no appli- cation, and are conjuring up an attack upon a doctrine which I perhaps hold to be more sacred than they do. They are seeking for some reason to prevent me from carrying out the pledge I made to the people of my district. The pledge of a Democrat made when he is a candidate for office ought to be inviolate, and every Democrat ought to rally to the support of a man who wants to carry out his pledge. [Applause.] So far as this particular question is concerned, Ohio as a sovereign State speaks through her statute book, an.d not by a scant majority of a convention called for another purpose, seeking to legislate upon a matter withdrawn from its jurisdiction by the enactment of the law- making power. [Applause.] THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: Congressman Covington yields twenty minutes to Judge Moore of Ohio. MR. ED. H. MOORE, of Ohio: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, I come here demanding fair play. While the gentleman who has just addressed you stated the truth so far as he went, he did not state all the truth. If the Democratic party that, since its birth, has stood for the doctrine of State rights, desires to abolish the unit rule and to recognize this country as a nation made up of districts, I yield the point; but in the interests of fair play and common justice I demand that no cunningly worded resolution, drawn to be applied expressly to Ohio, shall prevail at the hands of a fair-minded Demo- cratic convention. [Applause.] The gentleman says that he stands for the principle that the will of the people is supreme. I deny that he stands for that principle. He stands for overriding the will of the people as expressed at the polls in our State. He says that he pledged himself to abide by the will of the Democratic voters in his district, and well he might, because nobody ran against him. With 3,000 job-holders and a machine as per- fect as Tammany supporting him, we knew it was useless to run any- body against him, and I drew up and introduced in the State Central Committee this plan for a State wide preference primary in order that tli will of the voters of our State, uninfluenced by job-holders and machines, might be made known. The gentleman himself voted for that resolution as a member of the State Central Committee. [Ap- plause.] I maintain that having submitted his cause and that of his candidate to the voters of our party in the State, he is now estopped from undertaking to override that expressed will. Let us have the facts in this case. The gentleman says he wants to DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION c.o have it decided purely on the facts. So do I. Judge us for our cause and hear me that ye may judge. Under the law of our State there is no power whatsoever in the statute that permits any candidate for delegate to express on the ballot his Presidential preference. You in the neighboring State of Pennsylvania have the right given you by law to express your Presi- dential preference on the ballot, and the voters can instruct you at your primary. You in Illinois have a preference primary that in its terms is made an advisory primary. Here in Maryland you have a preference primary which, in the terms of the statute, imposes a binding instruc- tion on the delegates; but in Ohio we have no such thing. The name of the candidate simply goes upon the ballot. There may be four or five or a dozen candidates for delegate, and there is no method by which the voter can ascertain the preference of the candidate, and no method by which the candidate can be instructed. So after we had adopted this State wide preference primary, in order that the people might speak, the result was that, in ten districts out of the twenty- cne, one, and in many instances two, delegates were' elected whose Presidential preferences, as ascertained from their expressions in the public prints, are contra-distinguished from the will of the voters as expressed at the primary; and if you deny to the Democrats of the sovereign State of Ohio in convention assembled the power to instruct its delegates, then that power rests nowhere and cannot be exercised at all. I maintain that as an essential of representative government the people have a right to instruct their representatives; and remember this is not a question of selection; it is a question of instruction. | Applause.] The gentleman from Texas (Mr. Henry), who has stood here advo- cating the cause of the minority report and protesting against the unit rule in Ohio, comes from a State which, through its State convention, imposed a cast-iron unit rule on its delegates. You will understand that it makes a lot of difference in political conventions whose ox is gored. [Applause.] Now in closing I want to repeat, because this is a thing to keep before your eyes all the time, that if you ignore these instructions in my State, in district after district, you will have delegates here voting against the candidate who carried the preference primary in the district from which he was chosen. Governor Harmon carried my own district by nearly a thousand majority. Yet we have the curious situation that I, favoring him, was elected a delegate, and my antagonist, opposed to him, was also elected. There was no power given us to express our preference on the ballot. The gentleman who has preceded me on this platform has talked about pledges. The candidate to whom I referred, who was elected against the expressed will of the voters in my district, pledged himself before the election that if the district was carried for Governor Harmon 70 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE he would resign, and yet he is here in this Convention voting against him. [Applause.] And that is the ease with every other delegate here who is opposed to Governor Harmon, with few exceptions. I ask that the will of the Democracy of the State of Ohio, as expressed in its primaries, be enforced. [Applause.] THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The gentleman from Texas (Mr. Henry), representing the minority report, yields fifteen minutes to the gentleman from Mississippi, Senator Williams. [Applause.] MR. JOHN SHARP WILLIAMS, of Mississippi. Mr. Chairman and fellow delegates of the National Democratic Convention, I imagine that '.f there be a man in the United States who stands for state rights in the minds of those who know him, that man is myself. [Applause.] But the point raised by the gentleman is this as to whether you shall recognize the right of a State as a political organism, assembled in an accidental convention, or whether you shall recognize the rights of the people of the State and the rights of the people of the district in a primary election, where every citizen casts his ballot for himself. As between the State as a name and the people of the State or the district, in my mind "The People" is the State. [Applause.] Fellow delegates, I have never had presented to me in my life a question that was plainer than this. Upon yesterday, when I voted- for the honorable Temporary Chairman of this Convention, they told me that he would be subject to the orders of the New York and Illinois and other bosses of the United States when he made his rulings upon points of order. I did not believe it then and I do not believe it now, and I never shall believe it. This is a question to be argued to the Chairman of this Convention, and I shall argue it to him. MR. EARL BREWER, of Mississippi: Will the gentleman yield for a question? ME. JOHN SHARP WILLIAMS, of Mississippi: Yes, I will yield. MR. BREWER, of Mississippi: I wish to ask the gentleman this question: In the primary election in the State of Ohio for whom did the primary election as a whole instruct the delegates? MR. JOHN SHARP WILLIAMS, of Mississippi: Oh, Mr. Chairman and fellow delegates, what absolute childishness is expressed by that ques- tion! What absolute infantillage is contained in that question! [Ap- plause.] MR. BREWER, of Mississippi : Answer it then. MR. JOHN SHARP WILLIAMS, of Mississippi: I am answering it now. Fellow delegates, the plain question before you is this and this ques- tion does not affect the State of Ohio alone; it affects every State here present. It does not affect the first choice of the delegation of any State alone; it affects also their second choice, after instructions are released. Here is my view in a nutshell: In any State in the Union where, by the law of the State, a convention has been discredited as an instrumentality for the selection of delegates and for the expression of DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 71 popular opinion in a Presidential campaign, a primary having been accredited by law, in that ease the question is where the Democratic people at the primary shall vote for a man representing a particular candidate for the Presidency, can a convention incidentally called for other purposes than the selection of delegates, add to or subtract from the instruction given by the primary of the people? I say it cannot. [Applause.] I say that when the people of the State of Mississippi elect me a delegate to . a national convention as a delegate at large, and when they elect another man as a delegate from a district, he is bound and I am bound, each by our respective constituency. If I am a delegate at large, I am bound by the vote of the State. That is my answer, and this is my answer to the gentleman from Mississippi, Gov- ernor Brewer. If I am a delegate from a district where a district primary was ordered, where a district convention was discredited and a district primary accredited, then if a majority of the people in that district vote for me, or for the candidate for the Presidency whom I represent, then I must represent him as long as he has the remotest real chance. [Applause.] Now, so far as the primary instructs a delegate, he is in honor bound and instructed to the bitter end. Take my own case in the State of Mississippi. My voice and my judgment are for one man for the Presidency of the United States. Mississippi instructed me for another man, and I am a delegate at large. I shall obey the instructions of Mississippi to the bitter end. I shall obey those instructions until that candidate for the Presidency sends me personally or through another announces the word that he is out of the race, or until my delegation desides that he is out of the race. So much for that. [Ap- plause.] But suppose I am running in a district. Suppose the State law calls a district primary. Suppose that in that district primary the ballots are cast for a Presidential preference. Suppose that Presidential preference vote goes for- Mr. A, and I am in favor of Mr. A; but my opponent Mr. B is opposed to Mr. A. Suppose both my opponent and myself are elected. I take it that both of us are bound by the voice of the people in that district; and I take it that a convention called for another purpose, or for general purposes, but not accredited by law with the power of selecting delegates, as was the case not only in Ohio but in Mississippi, has no power under God and no power by the will of man to add to or subtract fsom the instructions given me, or given Mr. B, by the vote of the people in. the primary election. Why? Because in such a case the State of Mississippi or 'the State of Ohio has selected a primary election as the instrumentality for the selection of delegates, and has discredited a convention for that pur- pose. [Applause.] The authority which creates an agent is the only authority which can instruct him in the exercise of the duties of his agency. 72 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE Some gentlemen here tonight have talked about the "time-honored rulings" of Democratic chairmen of Democratic conventions. Yes, not only one or two, but three or four chairmen of Democratic conventions have ruled that when a State convention passed a resolution in favor of the unit rule, that resolution bound the national convention, because, believing in State rights, as the Democratic party does and always did, we deny that a national convention of the Democracy can set aside the dictates and instructions of a State convention. I myself, as chairman of a Democratic convention, once made exactly that ruling; but the ruling is not on all fours with this at all. In every such case the convention selected the delegates, and as the delegates were the creatures of the convention, the convention had a right to limit and restrict the exercise of the powers of the delegates, because they were the creatures of that convention; but when the delegates are the choice and creatures of a primary election of the people, then a convention can no longer say that the delegates are their creatures. And not being the creatures of the convention, not being born of the convention, the convention cannot restrain or limit" the exercise of the power of the delegates. The only power under God which can do that is the power that created them, and that is the power that elected them in their districts, or, if they are delegates at large, the power that elected them in their States. [Applause.] I tell you, gentlemen of this Convention, I am not going to do as various people here have done boast about my devotion to the Demo- cratic party. I have stood up year after year and have done my humble duty as I understand it; but I tell you that in my opinion if you adopt the majority report of the Committee on Eules tonight with- out modification or amendment, you will do the most dangerous and the most damnable thing in your power to do on this day of the year of our Lord's grace nineteen hundred and twelve, and that when you get through with it you can quit your talk about ' ' popular govern- ment. ' ' Everybody will understand that it is all talk. You can quit your talk about carrying political operations and influence and gov- ernment "direct to the people," for you will be letting the people vote pro forma in district and State primary elections, and then modify- ing or reversing their will by a convention of any sort, for any pur- pose. You will be permitting that accidental or incidental convention of accidental or incidental delegates to instruct the sovereign people themselves. State's rights! Yes, I stand for State's rights, but I do not stand for the rights of a State as a mere political organism a mere name. I stand for the rights of the people who constitute that State; and when it is a question in a district, I stand for the rights of the people who constitute that district. Now it seems that not only in Ohio but in several other States, my own included, a State primary was called to elect State delegates, DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 73 and in each district to elect district delegates. The gentleman says that the man whom he answered had no opposition. No; but the can- didate for the Presidency whom he represented, and the candidate for the Presidency whom he opposed, were both voted for in that election at the same time when the vote was cast for the delegates. There was the real contest. [Applause.] I understand that my time is up, and so I conclude. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The gentleman from Texas (Mr. Henry) yields ten minutes to Mr. Dunn, of Nebraska. MR. ALEXANDER D. PITTS, of Alabama: I want to ask a question. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN : Does the gentleman rise to a parlia- mentary inquiry? MR. PITTS, of Alabama : I do. I wish to ask a question for information. THE TEMPORARY ( JIAIKMAN: The Lentleman will state it. MR. PITTS, of Alabama: I want information given to the delegates here as to the substance of the call for the presidential primary in Ohio. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: That is not a parliamentary inquiry. The gentleman from Nebraska (Mr. I. J. Dunn) is recognized for ten minutes. MR. I. J. DUNN, of Nebraska: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, as member from Nebraska on your Committee on Kules I desire to state briefly why I am in favor of the adoption of the resolu- tion presented by the minority. [Applause.] The direct primary is a Democratic principle, rnd it has come to May. In the next national convention there will be more Democrats elected by direct primary vote than there are in this convention. It is a growing Democratic principle. It has been said by one of the gentle- men from Ohio, or one of the gentlemen who have addressed you, that the State is the unit of political and governmental power. That is true; but remember that the State as the unit may delegate its power to its political subdivisions, and that is what the State of Ohio did. The legis- lature of the State of Ohio provided by law that the unit of govern- mental and political power, so far as the election of delegates to the national convention was concerned, should be exercised by the people of tin- \arious congressional districts, and the district delegates to this con veution come here by authority given by the State of Ohio through ite laws, its legislature, and its executive department. It is contended here that there was a state-wide presidential prefer- ence primary in Ohio. That is true, but whence did the authority come to hold a State-wide presidential preference primary? It came from the State central committee. It was a voluntary matter on the part of the State central committee ; but the district primary, the vote by which Mr. Baker and ether district delegates were sent to this convention, was held under authority of a law of the State, and those district delegates come here because the people, acting under tin- laws of the State of Ohio. voted to send them here. 74 OFFICIAL PHOCEEDINGS OF Tin; If Democrats are in favor of State sovereignty and of State rule, of local self-government and the will of the people being carried out, then I ask you, which do you believe ought to be binding upon a Democratic national convention a State-wide primary called by the Democratic State Central Committee of Ohio without recognition in the State law, or a district primary called and held under authority of law, where every Democrat was given an opportunity to cast his vote under the law of that sovereign State? Is the law of the State Central Committee of Ohio, or of the State Convention, greater than the law of the State of Ohio, which represents the majesty and will of the sovereign people of that State? You are asked here now to set aside the will of the people of the districts. You cannot do it unless you say that either the national com- mittee of the Democratic party or the national convention of the Demo- cratic party has power to abrogate a State law, and say that the people of Ohio have not the power to provide how delegates, either at large or from the districts, shall be elected. The question before you is not one of abrogating the unit rule, but it is rather a question whether a few men shall abrogate and destroy the will of the people of the State of Ohio in nine congressional districts. [Applause.] It has been said by some of these gentlemen that because the Demo- crats of Ohio in the various congressional districts did not object to their State-wide presidential preference primary, therefore that vote ought to govern and control. It cannot be logically urged here that the State-wide primary, held under the call of the State Central Committee, ought to be recognized as binding upon this convention and the will of all -the Democrats who voted under the State law in the congressional districts ought to be disregarded. Your national committee in its call invited the Democrats of the nation to elect their delegates to this con- vention according to State law. Here it is. The resolution passed by the National Committee calls for the election of delegates to this Con- vention in whatever manner the States have provided for the election of delegates. The State of Ohio and my State of Nebraska responded to that call of the National Committee, and elected their delegates to this Conven- tion according to State law. It is now proclaimed as Democratic Doc- trine that this Convention shall abrogate that State law and destroy the will of the people as expressed in the Ohio districts. Gentlemen, that is not Democracy. It is not State or local self-government. If you adopt the majority resolution presented by the majority report here tonight you will be violating a fundamental Democratic principle, and I do not believe you will do it. [Applause.] MR. EGBERT L. HENRY, of Texas: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, in less than ten minutes the Convention will be able to vote on this question. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 75 Since the beginning of this debate the State of Virginia, the mother of the doctrine of State sovereignty, has come in and signed the minority report. T hold in my hand the credentials of one of the delegates elected in the State of Ohio, and those credentials are signed by the State Elec- tion Board, certifying that such delegate has been elected by the voters of his district, and thereby signifying that neither the State nor National ( (invention should nullify the action of the sovereign people in that dls trict. [Applause.] In conclusion, I will make one more statement, that when a primary election was held in a certain State of this Union, and it was said thai two districts which had gone against a certain candidate for President (Woodrow Wilson) should be placed under the unit rule, although the State had gone for him the candidate said, "No. Take the hand of the State convention off of those districts that have spoken their will, and let those four delegates of New Jersey vote as they please." [Applause.] MR. J. 1 TARRY OOVIXGTOX, of Maryland: Mr. Chairman, I yield five minutes to the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Moore). MK. ED. H. MOORE, of Ohio: Gentlemen, I am going to take only enough of your time to correct certain misstatements which, I have no doubt unintentionally, have been made by every speaker hailing from an outside State who has spoken with reference to the law in our State. The question has not been properly stated by the gentlemen who have appeared on the other side. We are not asking the abrogation of any instructions. No district could instruct, under our law, and that is what \ve complain about. We are not trying to unseat delegates. We want to compel delegates to abide by their instructions. MR. EARL BREWER, of Mississippi: Will the gentleman yield for a question? MR. MOORE, of Ohio: Yes. MR. BREWER, of Mississippi : I understand you had a State-wide pri- mary in Ohio? MR. MOORE, of Ohio: Yes. Mi;. BREWER, of Mississippi: Whom did it go for? MR. MOORE, of Ohio: Harmon. MR. BREWER, of Mississippi : I understand you had a State conven- tion of the Democratic party in Ohio? MR. MOORE, of Ohio: Yes. MR. BREWER, of Mississippi: Whom did it go for? MR. MOORE, of Ohio: Harmon, by two to one. MR. BREWER, of Mississippi: Then I understand Harmon carried the State in the primary election? MR. MOORE, of Ohio : Yes. MR. BREWER, of Mississippi: And he carried it in the Democratic convention ; and now they want to take part of it away from him. la that true? 76 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE MR. MOORE, of Ohio: Yes. That is enough, gentlemen. That states the question. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The question now is upon the adoptioa of the minority report presented by the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Henry). MR. COVINGTON, of Maryland: Upon that I demand the yeas and nays. The yeas and nays were ordered. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: Those in favor of the minority report will vote "Yea"; those in favor of the majority report will vote "Nay." The clerk will call the roll by States. MR. E. D. SMITH, of South Carolina: Mr. Chairman, the delegates around me do not understand the question. We do not know whether we are to vote on the majority report or the minority report. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN : The question is on the adoption of the minority report. MR. G. M. HITCHCOCK, of Nebraska: Let the resolution be read. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN : The secretary will report the resolution. The secretary read the resolution, as follows: "Eesched, That in casting votes on a call of the States the Chair shall recognize and enforce a unit rule enacted by a State convention, except in such States as have by mandatory statute provided for the nomination and election of delegates and alternates to national political conventions in Congressional districts and have not subjected delegates so selected to the authority of the State committee or convention of the party, in which case no such rule shall be held to apply. ' ' THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The report just read is the minority report. Those in favor of it will vote "yea," and those opposed to it will vote "nay" when the roll is called. The minority report is the Henry report, and the majority report is the Covington report. The secretary having called the roll, the result was announced, yeas 565*, nays 492 J, not voting 36 , as follows: Number of Not States and Territories. _ Voteg Yeag Alabama 24 9$ Arizona 6 2 . Arkansas 18 California 26 5 Colorado 12 7 Connecticut 14 3 Delaware 6 6 Florida 12 6 6 Georgia 28 . . 28 Idaho 8 8 Illinois . 58 58 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 77 States and Territories. Number of Not Votes. Yeas. Nays. Voting. Indiana 30 15 13 2 [owa : I'll 12 11 3 Kansas 20 20 Kentucky 26 34 21f 5 Louisiana 20 14 G Maine" 12 7 2 3 Maryland 16 3* 12* Massachusetts 36 25 6 5 Michigan 30 8 20 2 Minnesota 24 24 Mississippi 20 '20 Missouri 36 7 29 Montana 8 8 Nebraska 16 16 Nevada 6 6 Xr\v Hampshire 8 8 New Jersey 28 24 - 4 New Mexico 8 4 4 New York 90 . . 90 North Carolina 24 20 4 North Dakota 10 10 Ohio 48 20i 25 2\ Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 9 1 Pennsylvania 76 65 11 Rhode Island 10 2 . 8 South Carolina 18 18 South Dakota 10 10 Tennessee 24 7 17 Texas 40 40 Utah 8 8 Vermont 8 3 4 1 Virginia 24 14 3 7 Washington 14 7 7 West Virginia 16 3* 10* 2 Wisconsin 26 26 Wyoming 6 6 Alaska 6 . . 6 District of Columbia 6 . . . . 6 Hawaii 6 3 2 1 Philippine Islands 6 6 Porto Rico . 6 6 Total 565 i 492J. 36} 78 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE So the minority report was agreed to. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The effect of this vote is to amend the majority report by substituting for it the minority report. The majority report having been amended by the adoption of the minority report, the question now is on the original report as amended. The report as amended was agreed to. REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The Chairman of the Committee on Credentials, Mr. Joseph E. Bell, of Indiana, will now present the report of that committee. Mr. Joseph E. Bell, of Indiana, presented the report of the Com- mittee on Credentials, as follows: ' ' To the Democratic National Convention : "Your Committee on Credentials respectfully submit their report as follows: "1. In the State of Illinois contests were presented and consid- ered as to all delegates at large and all alternates at large; also con- tests as to the delegates and alternates in the districts numbered from one to ten, inclusive; "One delegate in the seventeenth district and the two delegates and alternates in the twentieth district of the said State of Illinois. "After consideration of the evidence upon each of said contests your Committee finds and recommends that the sitting delegates and alternates from the State of Illinois as seated and placed upon the temporary roll of this Convention by the National Committee be declared to be the legally elected delegates from the said State and from the said districts thereof and entitled as such to sit as the regular delegates in this Convention. "2. In the State of Pennsylvania a contest was presented as to one delegate in the seventh district thereof. "After hearing thereon your Committee finds and recommends that the contestee, William H. Berry, the now sitting delegate, whose name was placed upon the temporary roll by the National Committee, is a regularly elected delegate from said district to this Convention. "3. Contests were presented as to the ten delegates from the State of South Dakota. "After consideration of the evidence presented in said contest, your Committee finds and recommends that the contestants, as follows, "Andrew E. Lee, "W. W. Soule, "John E. Kelly, "Mark W. Sheaf e, "Zack T. Sutley, "J. A. Stransky, "William Galvin, DEMOCRATIC XATIOXAL CONVENTION 79 "C. X. McCollum, "A. W. Phelps, "F. F. Eeich, lie seated as tlie regularly elected delegates of South Dakota in this Convention. ' ' 4. As to the Territory of Alaska, contests were presented as to the two delegates at large and the two alternates at large, and also the four district and alternate delegates from said Territory. "After a consideration of the evidence in the matter of said con- test your Committee finds and recommends that the present sitting dele- gates whose names were placed on the temporary roll by the National Committee are the regularly elected delegates to this Convention from the said Territory of Alaska. "5. The seats of the six delegates and alternates from the Dis- trict of Columbia were also contested, three sets of delegates and alternates appearing before your Committee claiming to be the regularly elected delegates and alternates to this Convention from the District of Columbia. "After due consideration and investigation your Committee finds and recommends that the following persons be seated with one-half vote each as the regularly elected delegates to this Convention : John S. Miller, Eobert E. Mattingly, George Killeen, Thomas J. Moore, Lafe Pence, Walter J. Costello, James S. Easby-Smith, John B. Colpoys, William S. Eiley, T. V. Hammond, T. H. Pickford and Charles B. Newman, the delegation from said District of Columbia. ' ' 6. With respect to the delegates and alternates from all other States and Territories we find and recommend that the delegates and alternates as placed upon the temporary roll by the National Com- mittee be recognized as the regularly elected delegates and alternates to this Convention. ' ' Respectfully submitted, "J. E. BELL, of Indiana, Chairman. "FRANK J. DONAHUE, of Massachusetts, Secretary." MR. JOSEPH E. BELL, of Indiana: I move the adoption of the report. MR. LUKE LEA, of Tennessee: Mr. Chairman, as there is a minority report from the Committee on Credentials, which it will take some time to discuss, I move that the Convention adjourn until 2 p. m. tomorrow. THE CHAIRMAN : The question is on the motion of Senator Lea, of Tennessee, that the Convention adjourn until 2 p. m. tomorrow. The motion was rejected. MR. A. MITCHELL PALMER, of Pennsylvania: Mr. Chairman, I movt that the Convention adjourn until 12 o'clock tomorrow. The motion was agreed to, and (at 12 o'clock and 6 minutes a. m., Thursday, June 27, 1912) the Convention adjourned until 12 o'clock, m.. Thursday, June 27, 1912. CONVENTION HALL, FIFTH MARYLAND EEGIMENT ARMORY, BALTIMORE, June 27, 1912. The Convention met at 12 o 'clock m. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: Eabbi Adolph Guttmaeher, of Madison Avenue Temple, Baltimore, will offer prayer. PBAYEE OF EABBI ADOLPH GUTTMACHEB. Eabbi Adolph Guttmaeher, of Madison Avenue" Temple, Baltimore, Maryland, offered the following prayer: Lord of the Universe, from generation to 'generation Thou hast been the Eock of our life, the Shield of our Salvation; Thou art the Light of the hearts that cleave to Thee, the Life of the souls that love Thee, the Strength of the thoughts that seek Thee. Let the Light of Thy countenance shine upon us. Cause us to rise to the height of our duties and obligations; cause us to realize the greatness of our re- sponsibilities. Inspire us with love and devotion, so that we may fulfill with one heart and one mind the hopes and expectations of those who place their trust in us. Guide us in the way of peace and unity, loy- alty and truth. Grant, we beseech Thee, wisdom and courage to those assembled here in convention as the representatives of millions of their fellow-citizens, to choose a Chief Magistrate for this our nation. May they administer their trust in the fear of God and with a true heart. We thank Thee, O Lord our God, for the bounteous blessings Thoi; hast bestowed upon our beloved country. May we prove ourselves worthy of the blessings that have fallen to our share, not only rejoic- ing in the privileges, but willingly and loyally take our part in all the duties and responsibilities of our citizenship. Through Thy Provi- dence we have grown from a small beginning to a nation strong and great. Let us use our might and strength for justice and in behalf of the weak and oppressed, here and everywhere. May this nation lead all other nations, not by the strength of its armies, but by virtue of its supremacy, in all that makes for the dignity of man, for the rights of mankind, for peace and prosperity. Keep before our eyes the lofty ideals of our Eepublic that all government must be moral in its aim and end, and that nothing morally wrong can be politically right. 80 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 81 Take under Thy Fatherly protection this our land whose greatness and whose glory it is to be the home of millions of Thy children of many races and of every creed. We pray for our land. Grant, we beseech of Thee, that Thy blessing may rest upon the President of the United States, and upon all who are associated with him in authority, upon Congress, upon all courts and magistrates, upon all agencies that make for the uplift and betterment of mankind. Strengthen all who are gathered here in this convention in their endeavor worthily to represent the wishes and hopes of the people. Teach us all to do Thy will, for Thou art our God. Cause us to know the way we should walk, for we lift up our soul unto Thee. Amen. REPOKT OF COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS. MR. ROLAND S. MORRIS, of Pennsylvania: Mr. Chairman and gen- tlemen of the Convention, I desire to submit, on behalf of twenty-two members of the Committee on Credentials, a minority report to the majority report of that Committee in reference to the State of South Dakota. I shall read the minority report, offer an amendment to the majority report, and then make a few brief statements to you of the grounds on which the minority of the Committee on Credentials have submitted this matter to you. The minority report was read as follows: ' ' To the Democratic National Convention : ' ' We, a minority of your Committee on Credentials, who have had under consideration the South Dakota contest, make this minority report. 1 ' The majority of said Committee on Credentials have decided that the list of delegates composed of the following named persons are entitled to seats, in this Convention, to wit: Andrew E. Lee, W. W. Soule, John K. Kelley, John A. Stransky, William Galvin, Mark W. Sheafe, Zack T. Sutley, A. W. Phelps, F. F. Reich and C. N. McCullen. "We the minority of your said Committee, declare that the above and foregoing list of delegates to this Convention were not elected and are not entitled to seats herein. That the delegates running under the motto ' Wilson-Bryan Progressive Democracy ' were duly elected as delegates to this Convention and are entitled to seats herein. ''That the said list of delegates so. entitled to their seats under the motto ' Wilson-Bryan Progressive Democracy ' is as follows : "T. M. Simmons, Stephen Donolnic. A. II. Oleson, Edwin M. Starcher, M. M. Bennett, Thomas H. Ryan, John T. McCullen, G. L. Kirk, James Coffey and George Philip. ' ' That the said T. M. Simmons, Stephen Donohue and others received a substantial plurality of the votes east by the Democratic party for delegates to the National Convention, which primary was held in said State on June 4 1912. 82 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE "That thereafter and pursuant to law the votes cast at the Demo- cratic primary, after due return thereof, as provided by the laws of said State, was July canvassed by the State Board of Canvassers in the *aid State of South Dakota and certificates of election were duly issued under seal of said State and signed by the proper officers as a Can- vassing Board to T. M. Simmons, Stephen Donohue, A. H. Oleson, Edwin M. Starcher, M. M. Bennett, Thomas H. Byan, John T. McCulleu, G. L. Kirk, James Coffey and George Philip. That the said delegates last aforesaid after the canvass of the entire vote of the Democratic party as provided by law were declared elected and certificates issued to them, which certificates had been duly filed with the Secretary of this Conven- tion. That the National Committee after a full and complete hern in- in said contest decided in favor of the delegates last aforesaid . and granted to them seats in this Convention. That the delegates last aforesaid are the duly elected delegates from the State of So'ith Dakota and who have received their election in a State-wide primary, pursuant to the laws of said State and certificates of election have been issued to the delegation headed by the said T. M. Simmons by the State of South Dakota. That the said Andrew E. Lee and others did not receive a plurality of the votes of the Democratic party of South Da- kota at the primary and are not entitled to seats in this Convention. That the list of delegates headed by T. M. Simmons and others did receive a plurality of the votes cast by the Democratic party of the Stan of South Dakota at the primary and have received their crede tials from the State Canvassing Board of the said State of South lakota and are/ entitled to seats in this Convention and we, a minority of your Com- mittee on Credentials of this Convention, recommend that seats to this Convention be granted to T. M. Simmons, Stephen Donohue, A. H. Ole- son, Edwin M. Starcher, M. M. Bennett, G. L. Kirk, John T. MeCullen, James Coffey, Thos. H. Eyan and George Philip, whose certificates of election have been issued to them by the State and pursuant '0 a State- wide primary and whose certificates of election are now or file with the Secretary of this Convention and in whose favor the National Committee recently decided and who are now occupying the seats to which they have been lawfully elected. "Dated June 26, 1912. "WILLIAM B. MAYO, Vermont, ' ' EOLAND S. MORRIS, Pennsylvania, "VANCE C. McCoRMiCK, Pennsylvania, " NICHOLAS "WEDIN, New Jersey, "H. C. ADLER, Tennessee, "EICHARD E. HARVEY, Maine, "EGBERT E. MANLY, Philippine Islands, "J. NELSON KELLY, North Dakota. "EDWIN A. NEWMAN, District of (oiuinbia, "GEORGE C. WHITMORE, Utah, DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 83 "P. H. MARTIN, Wisconsin, "N. C. BLANCHABD, Louisiana. "WILLIAM C. HAMMER, North Carolina, "M. M. CRANE, Texas, "A. N. HASENKAMP, Wyoming, ' ' T. B. HEISEL, Delaware, "E. FRANK STORY, Virginia, "WM. E. THOMS, Connecticut, "T. J. KNOX, Minnesota, "JOHN EFFINGER, Hawaii, "VICTOR P. MOSES, Oregon." MR. ROLAND S. MORRIS, of Pennsylvania: Gentlemen, in support of this minority report I simply want to make one or two very brief state- ments of fact. In referring to the fact that we had a primary election in Soufh Dakota it will be necessary to mention the names of the leading candi- dates for the presidency before this Convention. As. I am particularly anxious that you should have these facts before you as the minority of the Committee had them, may I be bold enough to ask that you will not use these names, when they are mentioned, as the occasion for an ex- pression of preference. By refraining from so doing we can more quickly get to the point. The fact;*' are that in South Dakota they had a State-wide primary. That primary was to be held on June 4 of this year to elect delegates to this Convention. Three sets of tickets were put in the field on the Democratic side. The first ticket was entitled under a motto, used under the law of South Dakota, as the ' ' Wilson-Bryan Progressive Democracy. ' ' Some days afterward another ticket entitled the "Wilson-Bryan- Clark Democracy" was filed, with an entirely different set of delegates. On the last day on which they could file any ticket for the primary, a third ticket was filed entitled "Champ Clark for President." Those three tickets wont to the primary on June 4, and the first ot those tickets received approximately, in round figures, 4,600 votes. The second ticket, composed of absolutely different men, received 4,200 votes, and the third ticket received 2,700 votes. When the returns were in, the State Canvassing Board, which is the duly authorized body to certify the election, gave credentials to the dele- gates who had received the plurality of votes, as they were required to do under the law; but the State chairman of the Democratic Committee in South Dakota, defying that law, in spite of the fact that those dele- gates had concededly received a plurality, did the amazing thing of adding the two tickets, the second and third, together, because the name of Clark appeared at the top of both of them, although the delegates 84 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE were absolutely different. He contended that 4,000 plus 2,000 equaled 6,000, and that therefore that beat 4,600. When that proposition was submitted to the National Comnfittee. they immediately turned it down unanimously, and seated the contestants here. An appeal was taken to the Committee on Credentials, and 1 caff but feel that that Committee totally misapprehended the facts of the case; because, to the amazement of the minority, they seated the delegates whose votes were thus added together. And note you, they did not divide the vote between those two delegations, but they added the two votes together and then seated the delegates on No. 2 ticket, although the names on No. 2 and No. 3 tickets were absolutely different. If by any chance we should sustain such an unusual and remarkable finding of the Credentials Committee, we would absolutely defy the pri- mary law which gives to the party receiving a plurality the right to have seats in this Convention. [Applause.] We would go back on every statement that we have made in sixteen years, that the Democratic party is a party of the majority, and of the plurality, and that it is for direct. State-wide primaries, first, last and all the time. For the reasons stated, because the contestants had a conceded plural- ity, and because they had the duly authorized certificate which I have here, I ask you to sustain the amendment which I offer to the majority report, and to seat the delegates under the motto ' ' Wilson-Bryan Pro- gressive Democracy.'.' THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN : Governor William A. McCorkle, of West Virginia, is recognized. MR. WILLIAM A. McCoRKLE, of West Virginia: Gentlemen of the Convention, I pray your attention for a brief moment while I present the rights of a sovereign State for admission to a vote on this floor. I do not represent any faction of South Dakota. I am only acting under the direction of a majority of your Credentials Committee, who seek to make a fair report, and I will briefly give you my reasons therefor. The State of South Dakota as at present organized is Eepublican. The law of that State provides for a primary election. On March 1 a primary ticket was placed in the field, and it was headed under the law of South Dakota, the heading being ' ' Wilson-Bryan Progressive Democ- racy. ' ' One month after that, at a meeting of the State Committee, another ticket was placed in the field. That ticket was headed under the law, and the heading was ' ' Wilson-Bryan-Clark Democracy. ' ' I regret that I am compelled to mention the names of the candidates. It is necessary, how- ever, to do that, because of the fact that their names are the legend of the tickets. That ticket immediately provoked a controversy in the State of So.itli Dakota. Men wanted to know whom that ticket represented, and whom the other ticket represented. Immediately the people who were on the DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 85 second ticket made a statement as to whom they were for. That state- ment was enforced by certificates and letters spread broadcast over the State of South Dakota. The delegates representing that second ticket made a statement to the people of South Dakota and said affirmatively that they would not vote for Governor Wilson, although his name was on the ticket, but that they would vote for Champ Clark for President under that ticket. [Applause.] Now you have in the field two tickets. I do not insert the truth of the proposition which I am about to repeat, but only give you the testimony before the Committee. It is charged that in order to divide the Champ Clark vote another ticket was placed in the field, and that ticket had the legend "Champ Clark for President." It was openly charged in South Dakota that that ticket \v::s a fake ticket, that it was not entitled to be voted for by those who were in favor of Champ Clark, and Champ Clark himself sent a telegram to the head of the "Champ Clark'' ticket and asked him to withdraw that ticket and to vote under the other ticket for him for President. The Republican Secretary of State refused to allow that to be done, and when one of the members of that delegation asked permission to withdraw from the ticket because it did not represent Mr. Clark, the Republican Secretary of State refused to allow him to do so. Now at the election for the presidential preference primary the first ticket, which \\'as known as the Wilson ticket, received 4,300 votes; the second ticket, which was known, understood and stated to be the ticket representing Champ Clark, received 4,700 votes. The third ticket, which was known as the Champ Clark Progressive ticket received 2,700 votes, thus giving 8,000 votes in the State of South Dakota for those who believed that they were voting for Champ Clark for the presidency of the United States against 4,300 for Wilson. On June 39, under the law, the Chairman of the Democratic Executive Committee of South Dakota made his certificate of the fact that these men on the ticket headed by Andrew E. Lee had received the largest num- ber of votes, and that, as the Committee held, was the correct official certifying board. MB. LUKE LEA, of Tennessee: Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield for a question? MB. I\IcC'OBKLE, of West Virginia: Yes, with pleasure. MR. LEA, of Tennessee: The day after the Chairman of the Executive Committee certified to that election, he wrote a letter over his signature, stating that he had the returns from only about sixteen County Auditors out of sixty-two. My question is, how can the Committee on Credentials believe the certificate against this letter? M:;. McCoBKLE, of West Virginia: I will reply by asking the gentle- man a question: How does he stand upon a certificate issued on the same day, when the same returns were in, liy a Republican Canvassing Board of the same State t 86 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE MR. LEA, of Tennessee: Do you want me to answer the question? MR. McC'ORKLE, of West Virginia: Not now. The gentleman can answer in his own time. MR. LEA, of Tennessee: Let me answer it. MR. McCoRKLE, of West Virginia: Let me finish what I have to say. The Credentials Committee believed that of the two certificates the Demo- cratic Committee certificate was the correct one. [Applause.] More than that, they believed furthermore that while the returns on both certificates were incomplete,' the facts were that Champ Clark carried the State of South Dakota, by people voting for both tickets, who believed they were voting for him, by nearly 2,500 majority. [Applause.] Therefore, gentlemen of the Convention, the Committee, after con- sidering the matter carefully, believing that the delegates who were seated were the proper ones, and appealing to something higher and grander than lawyers and officials and Eepublican Returning Board cer- tificates, believing in the holy rule of Democracy that the majority should govern wherever a vote is cast, recommended the seating of the Champ Clark delegates, as the people in that State intended. [Applause.] MR. LEA, of Tennessee: Mr. Chairman, I have been asked a question. That question is how could the Secretary of State make a return when the Chairman of the Executive Committee said he did not have the re- turns? My answer is bec-ause the Secretary of State had those returns and so certified. I now yield ten minutes to Mr. Crane, of Texas. MR. M. M. CRANE, of Texas: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, 1 come from a Democratic State that always casts its elec- toral vote for the Democratic nominee, no matter whether he is from New York, Nebraska or Missouri. [Applause.] Texas Democrats be- lieve that Democracy stands for the right under all circumstances. Texas Democracy believes in the Ten Commandments pronounced from Mount Sinai, one of which says, "Thou shalt not steal." [Applause.] Let me ask you when I mention the names of candidates that you make no demonstration, and I merely do so because I want to show you the exact facts in this case. The first ticket was the Wilson-Bryan ticket. Senator Pettigrew, of that State, was at that time in harmony with that ticket, but for some cause known only to him he instituted an.l put into the field another ticket, the Wilson-Bryan-Clark ticket. Why, when he was fixing up a ticket, as these gentlemen stated, he should have put Wilson at the head of it, I do not know unless he was seeking to make it still more respectable. [Applause.] The reason why Senator Pettigrew and !'is friends in South Dakota wanted to fight that battle under two flags, they never revealed to us. What would you think of an army going into battle with the flafs of both 'sides? Yet that is what Senator Pettigrew did, and you must assume that he had some purpose in doing so. That pur- DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 87 pose was to get men who really were for Governor Wilson to vote the ticket for the Champ Clark delegates. But one further fact. It is stated that another ticket was put into the field headed "Champ Clark," but that they were not aware of the fact. Governor McCorkle says it was so charged by his enemies, but the Governor knows that it was proven in the Committee yesterday that that ticket was headed by a fast friend of Champ Clark, and an account was published in the newspapers in South Dakota. Why did not the Governor state that to you? Because it would have spoiled his argument. There is another fact. It was proven that this man at the head of that ticket was living in Senator Pettigrew 's home. Senator Pettigrew recommended him as a Clark man, he stood by him as a Clark man, find voted with him as a Clark man. Now, fellow Democrats, that is the situation. The National Committee, recognizing the fact that under the law the Wilson-Bryan ticket having received a plurality of the votes was entitled to be seated, gave to Governor Wilson, though the Committee was opposed to him, they gave what they knew was his, and seated his delegates in the Convention. What else? It is stated that this new Clark delegation have a cer- tificate, but from whom? They have a certificate from the Chairman of the Central Committee who admits in writing, and his letter is here, that at the time he gave the certificate he had only partial returns from 16 out of 62 counties in South Dakota. The State officers the Gov- ernor, the Attorney General and the Secretary of State had all the returns, and they, under the great seal of the State, gave to the present sitting delegates their certificates that they had received a plurality. Now, what will you do? Will you take the testimony of the Chairman of the Democratic Central Committee, who admits he did not know what the facts were, or will you take the testimony of the sworn officers, Eepublican though they be, if the facts are contrary to his statement? Fellow Democrats, Governor McCorkle is from my native State, but I am sorry to see a West Virginian stand before a Democratic audience and say that a man is not entitled to be believed because he is a Republican. [Applause.] Such statements would destroy any man's intelligence if he sticks to them long enough. I ask you to do right. I was struck with the sentence in the prayer of the minister who opened the Convention this morning when he said that "those morally wrong could not be politically right." [Applause.] Fellow Democrats, I believe you will do as the National Committee did, seat the delegates who come with the seal of the sovereign State and not seat a lot of interlopers with a certificate only from a Demo- cratic Chairman, who admits he did not know the facts to which he testified and who therefore testified to what is not true. [Applause.] MR. NEWTON C. BLANCHARD, of Louisiana: Mr. Chairman and gentle- men of the Convention, this case ought to be decided upon its merits, ir- 88 OFFICIAL PUOCEEDINGS OF THE respective of the claims of any aspirant to the {-resiliency, and if it be decided on its merits, there is absolutely but one side to this case. The National Committee of our party by an almost unanimous vnte seated that delegation from South Dakota which is known as the eon testees, in whose behalf I appear. The Committee on Credentials of this Convention, by a vote of 28 to 23, reversed the action of the National Committee and recommended the seating of the contestants. Now, what are the facts? There is no primary preference law in South Dakota, rs stated by the ex-Governor from West Virginia. There is a primary law, however, and under that law tickets may be put out under a motto to be voted by stamping the motto. Under that law three tickets were put into the field, one of them known as the Wilson-Bryan Progressive Democracy; another the Wilson-Clark-Bryan Democracy, and the other the Champ (lark Democracy. Of those three tickets the one to which the contrstees belong received a plurality of the vote. The other t\"ket to which the contestants belong received some 450 votes le?s than the first named ticket, and the ticket under the motto "Champ Clark Democracy" received 2,700 votes. Under the law of South Dakota, as in other States, a plurality \jote elects, but the Chairman of the Demo- cratic Committee of South Dakota, instead of issuing the credentials \o that ticket which received the majority or a plurality of the votes, issued what he claims to be credentials to the members of the other ticket frho had received a minority of the votes, and he issued those creden- tials on the 19th of June, six days before this Convention met. On the 20th of June, the day after he issued these credentials he A-rote a letter, which I hold in hand, in which he admits that he ha.l in his possession the returns, and partial returns at that, from only 16 counties out cf 62 counties in the State of South Dakota. He admits in this letter that he had no returns upon which to predicate his creden- tials issued to the contestants, but that he issued to the contestants their credentials because in his opinion he believed they had been elected. Now, gentlemen of the Convention, the credentials upon which the National Committee seated the contestees is a certificate under the great seal of the State of South Dakota by the Secretary of State that the con- testees from the full returrs in h : s hands, had received a plurality of the votes cast in South Dakota at that primary authorized by law. Under the law of South Dakota the Election Canvassing Board consists of the- Governor, the Secretary of State, the Attorney General, the Auditor of the State, and one of the judges of the Supreme Court. That Can- rassing Beard considered the returns and decided that the ticket to which the conteetees belong ed had received a plurality of the votes, and the Secretary of State, under his seal, issued a certificate to that effect to the contestees. Now. gentlemen of the Convention, a demand was made by the COP- festees upon the Chairman cf the Democratic State Central Committee to iss'.ic them credentials based upon a canvass of all the returns, and DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 89 he refused to do it, and instead issued what he calls credentials to the contestants. This body, like every other deliberative assembly, is the sole judge of the election and qualifications of its members, and in the exercise of that authority your National Committee held the credentials held by the eontestees; presented after a full canvass of the vote, to be such credentials as this Convention should recognize. It was asked in the Committee on Credentials why it was that they did not institute mandamus proceedings to compel the Chairman of the Committee to issue them credentials. The answer was that these cre- dentials were issued by the Chairman of the State Committee only five days before this Convention was to meet, and there was not time to begin court proceedings and bring them to a decision before this Con- vention met. That is the answer to that. Now, gentlemen, there is no question that these three tickets were all lawful tickets under the law of South Dakota. It was admitted in the Credentials Committee by the lawyer who represented the contestant*, a lawyer from Nebraska, that the ticket he represented, the contestants, received a minority of the votes cast in that primary. That was the admission he made and he planted himself in his demand for recognition of the claims of the contestants purely upon this set of credentials : s\ 97 The roll of delegates and alternates as finally agreed to is as follows: ALABAMA. AT LARGE. Delegates. Alternates. John H. Bankhead Washington Emmett O'Neal Montgomery H. S. D. Mallory Selma George Malone Dothan E. K. Campbell Birmingham W. W. Screws Montgomery H. J. \Villingham Montgomery H. D. Clayton Washington Borden H. Burr Birmingham John B. Knox Anniston Wm. D. Jelks Birmingham Geo. J. Sullivan Mobile Note Each delegate entitled to one-half vote. DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. 1 P. I. Thompson Mobile Geo. Pegram Demopolis L. W. Locklin Monroeville O. L. Gray Butler 2 C. R. Bricken Luverne Deuipsey Powell Greenville K. F. Ligon Montgomery W. T. Seibels Montgomery 3 C. S. McDowell, Jr Eufaula John R. Alford Geneva J. A. Carnley Elba H. B. Stegall Ozark t M. B. Wellborn Anniston Kelly Dixon Talladega W. B. Craig Selma Alex D. Pitts Selma ~> K. J. Garrison Ashland J. A. Hines Alex City J. W. Overton Wedowee Frank W. Lull Wetumpka G W. W. Brandon Tuscaloosa Dr. J. M. Miller Cordova John R. Bell Carrollton R. L. Bradley Vernon 7 George H. Parker Cullman J. B. Haralson Fort Payne W. C. Sims Albertville J. Gardner Green Pell City 8 Jos. H. Nathan Sheffield A. E. Jackson Hartsell John W. Frost Athens R. L. Glenn ....'. Florence E. W. Barret Birmingham Charles E. Rice Birmingham Jim G. Oakley Montgomery George W. Darden Blountsville ARIZONA. Delegates. Alternates. P. C. Little Globe P. D. Gardner Safford F. I :. Shine Bisbee F. Helton Tombstone 10. S. Ives Tucson J. H. Weston Yuma K. I.. Shaw Phoenix Walter Brawner Kd. F. Thompson Kingman J. J. Hawkins Prescott F.d. A. Sawyer Winslow Q. R. Gardner Woodruff ARKANSAS. AT LARGE. Delegates. Alternates. Joe T. Robinson James 1'. Clark Jeff Davis Stephen Brundridge Jno. H. Hinemon Hal L. Norwood B. B. Hudgins Jerry C. South DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. I T. H. Caraway Cralghead Co. Ed. Bertig Greene Co. Amos Jarmon Phillips Co. Ed. Roddy Woodruff Co. 2 Claude Coger Sharp Co. E. C. Parsons Izard Co. J. E. Pringle Lawrence Co. D. L. King Sharp Co. a Hush Ragan Washington Co. J. W. Story Boone Co. Note In the event four cannot be Sam Nunnelly Madison Co. seated, the delegates may select by S. O. Wofford Carroll Co. lot the two to be seated. 98 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE 4 W. J. Johnson Sebastian Co. D. B. Sain Howard Co. J. D. Head Miller Co. '. ( '. < 'alvrr Sebastian Co. 5 W. C. Hutton Pulaski Co. T. A. ivttiirrrw Franklin Co. J. M. Barker Pope Co. J. W. Johnston Convvay Co. 6 John C. Ross.... Hot Springs Co. David A. (Jaics Deuba Co. Jas. C. Knox Drew Co. I.. < '. Smith ArkandfesCo, 7 E. O. Mahoney Union Co. J. II. McMillan Clarke Co. L. F. Monroe Hempstead Co. Garland Street Chieot Co. CALIFORNIA. Delegates. Alternates. Theo. A. Bell San Francisco Bert Schlessinger San Francisco Albert M. Stephens Los Angeles Joseph A. Call Los Angeles James V. Coleman San Francisco Charles A. Barlow . Bakersfield Fred Hall Bakersfield Charles B. Andross Marysville Charles O. Dunbar Santa Rosa Thomas O'Connor San Rafael William B. Shearer Yreka Francis Can- Redding Jo V Snyder Nevada City Thomas Fox Saccamento Hubert R. McNoble Stockton Harry T. Creswell San Francisco William F. Humphrey. .San Francisco James G. Maquire San Francisco J. J. Flinn San Francisco William A. Cole San Francisco Stephen V. Costello. . . .San Francisco Robert M. Fitzgerald Oakland Frank C. Drew Alameda W. C. Price Oakland Edward O. Miller. Visalia T. J. Wisecarver Modesto George W. Mordecai Madera Samuel C. Cornell Merced John W. Barneberg. .San Luis Obispo William H. Rogers San Jose J. A. Bardin Salinas Frank A. Salmons San Diego F. C. Farr Imperial W. H. Hubbard Pasadena Benjamin H. Smith Long Beach A. H. Kallmeyer Los Angeles Milton K. Young Los Angeles Robert F. Garner .... San Bernardino COLORADO. AT LARGE. Delegates. Alternates. Charles F. Tew Greeley J. D. Ilarkless Pueblo Miles G. Saunders Pueblo Edward W. Wheeler On ray A. C. McChesney Trinidad Clark Moore Fort Collins John A. Donovan Longmont B. J. O'Connell Georgetown Walter S. Stratton Fort Morgan LaFayette Hughes Denver L. A. Van Tllborg Cripple Creek Carl Sanchez Trinidad J. A. Ferris Golden C. G. Pitschke Denver William U. Barlow Alamosa Dr. J. D. Kerlin Leadville DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. 1 W. J. Galligan Fort Collins C. P. Hoyt Golden C. P. Maltby Denver Richard Ryan Denver 2 Mrs. Anna B. Pitzer.Colo. Springs M. R. McCauley Rocky Ford John C. Bell Montrose Miss Gene Kelley. . . .Grand Junction CONNECTICUT. AT LARGE. Delegates. Alternates. W. O. Burr Hartford Thomas J. Spellacy Hartford Bryan F. Mahan New London Thomas F. Noone Rockville William Kennedy Naugatuck Miles F. Connelley Waterbury David E. Fitzgerald New Haven Charles F. Mitchell New Haven DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. 1 Joseph M. Halloran. .New Britain Johnstone Vance New Britain Michael J. Connor. Thompsonville Michael J. Hullivan. . .Thoinpsonville 2 Charles W. Comstock. . . .Norwich John L. Fisk Middletown Daniel Dunn Willimantic Kdward M. Yeomans Andover 3 Louis E. Stoddard. .. .New Haven J. Frederick Jackson New Haven Edwin S. Thomas. .. .New Haven James E. McCabc Wallingford DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 09 4 Archibald McNeil, Jr .. Bridgeport Henry A. Bishop Bridgeport Charles Kerr Danbury Thomas F. Reilly Stamford 5 James F. Meara Torrington Frank M. Chapin Pine Meadow William E. Thorns Waterbury Frederick M. McCarthy Ansonia DELAWARE. Delegates. Alternates. Willard Saulsbury Wilmington T. Bayard Heisel Delaware City Alfred Raughley Harrington _ Reynolds Clough Dover Andrew J. Lvnch Georgetown William H. Stevens Seaford William T. Gibbons Wilmington Francis deH. Janvier New Castle Robert Y. Wallen Clayton Dr. Robert Y. Watson Milford Harlan M. Joseph Midway Charles A. Hastings Laurel Xote Each delegate entitled to one-half vote. FLORIDA. AT LARGE. Delegates. Alternates. Frank E. Chase Jacksonville P. A. Holt Jacksonville Albert W. Gilchrist Tallahassee T. J. Appleyard Tallahassee E. S. Crill Palatka F. J. Fearnside Palatka Frank Harris Ocala R. S. Hall Ocala E. D. Lambright Tampa T. J. L. Brown Tampa I',. S. Williams Pensacola S. A. Sanborn Pensacola DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. 1 W. Hunt Harris Key West T. Albert Jennings Pensacola A. P. Jordan Punta Gorda L. E. Dozier Leesburg 2 B. C. Abernathy Orlando Jas. L. Giles Orlando Robt. E. Davis Gainesville H. H. McCreary Gainesville 3 J. F. C. Griggs Apalachicola Emmett Wilson Pensacola Frank L. Ma yes Pensacola J. II. Smithwick Pensacola GEORGIA. AT LARGE. Delegates. Alternates. C. R. Pendleton Macon T. B. Felder Atlanta H. H. Dean Gainesville J. Randolph Anderson Savannah Crawford Wheatley Americus G. R. Hutchens Rome W. G. Brantley Brunswick T. E. Watson Thomson DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. 1 J. A. Brannen Statesboro G. W. Overstreet Sylvania F. P. Mclntire Savannah R. C. Gordon Waynesboro 2 T. S. Hawes Bainbridge E. R. Jerger Thomasville I. J. Hoffmayer Albany W. C. Vereen Moultrle 3 W. H. Lasseter Vienna W. R. Bowen Fitzgerald R. L. Walker Shellman W. II. Gurr Dawson 4 L. H. Chappell Columbus L. P. Mandeville Carrollton Dr. F. M. Ridley LaGrange T. T. Miller Columbus 100 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE 5 J. S. James Douglasville H. N. Randolph Atlanta Frank C. Davis Atlanta John S. Candler Atlanta 6 S. H. Phelan Roberta J. J. Flynt : Griffin B. S. Willingham Forsyth Dr. R. A. Franklin Jackson 7 J. M. Vandiver Rome John T. Norris Cartersville Dr. J. R. Brock Trenton M. M. Sessions Marietta 8 T. J. Brown Elberton Ernest Camp Monroe J. R. Tweedy Eatonton D. E. Fortson Athens 9 J. S. Woods Jasper S. C. Dunlap Gainesville Dr. J. C. Bennett. .. .Jefferson B. F. Carr Homer 10 J. D. Howard Milledgeville Geo. C. Evans Sandersville George P. Wilson. .:... .Appling J. S. Cartledge Augusta 11 A. T. Woodward Valdosta L. W. Branch Quitman L. J. Cooper Waycross R. G. Dickerson Homerville 12 A. S. Bradley Swainsboro A. Lee Hatcher Wrightsville Douglas McArthur. .Lumber City M. H. Boyer Hawkinsville Note Each delegate entitled to one-half vote. IDAHO. Delegates. 1 Mose Alexander Boise 2 G. H. Fisher Bancroft 3-D. Orr Poynter Montpelier 4 S. J. Rich Blackfoot 5 F. C. Culver Sandpoint 6 C. W. Whiffen Caldwell 7 J. B. Hitt Malta 8 A. P. Hutten Kellog D. H. Lowrey Ilo 10 Henry Heitfeld Lewiston 11 D. L. Evans Malad City 12 B. H. Miller St. Anthony l.'i J. H. St. Clair Silver City 14 P. H. Smith Twin Falls 15 Ed. R. Coulter Weiser 6 James H. Hawley Boise ILLINOIS. AT LAKQE. Alternates. Delegates. Roger C. Sullivan Chicago Elmore W. Hurst Rock Island Fred J. Kern Belleville George W. Fithian Newton Harry M. Pindell Peoria Hiram N. Wheeler Quincy Free P. Morris Watseka James R. Williams Carml John McGillen Chicago Robert M. Sweitzer Chicago Robert I. Hunt Decatur I'.rrnard F. Weber Chicago \Vm. B. Scholfleld Marshall Samuel Alschuler Aurora Benjamin F. Caldwell Chatham William B. Brinton Dixon Alternates. Martin J. Hutchens Chicago D. II. Glass Rushville Salvatore Romano Chicago Edward T. Fahey Bloomington .T'ohn M. Crebs Carml Thomas M. Lyman Champaign John F. Elliff Pekin Edward E. Campbell Alton O. G. Williams Chicago John P. Byrnes Chicago Harry Moss Paris Walter T. Stanton Chicago Frank McDermott Chicago J. J. O'Rourke Harvey John E. Hogan Taylorville J. Wallace Dunnan Paxton DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 101 DISTBICTS. Delegates. 1 James M. Dailey Chicago Michael Kenna Chicago 2 James J. Kelly Chicago John B. Gibbons Chicago 3 John I'. Keevers Chicago John J. Bradley Chicago 4 Charles Martin Chicago James T. McDermott .... Chicago 5 Fred Kohde .' . . Chicago James Rosenthal Chicago 6 Ross C. Hall Chicago John J. McLaughlin. .. .Chicago 7 Frank J. Wilson Chicago Francis D. Connery Chicago 8 Stanley H. Kunz Chicago John J. Brennan Chicago 9 Harry R. Gibbons Chicago Jacob H. Hopkins Chicago 10 Rivers McNeil Evanston George E. Brennan Chicago 11 Edmund M. Allen Joliet B. J. O'Beirne Elgin 12 Harry Carroll Streator I-M ward G. Zilm Ottawa 13 Douglas Pattison Freeport Wm. A. Kannally Sterling 14 Patrick H. Tiernan Macomb Samuel S. Hallam. . . .Monmouth 15 Arthur R. Roy Quincy Charles C. Craig Galesbur'g 16 Samuel Woolner, Jr Peoria D. H. Gregg Wenoca 17 W. H. Ryan Minonk S. A. Rathbun Pontiac 18 Frank T. O'Hair Paris W. B. Redden Danville 10 Irving Shuman Sullivan George Marvel Clinton 20 Edw. Dovey Pittsfleld Julian H. Hall Petersburg 2t E. C. Knotts Carlinville Chas W. Bliss Hillsboro 22 E. Breese Glass Edwardsville Bruce A. Campbell . E. St. Louis 23 C. D. Tufts Centralia Henry C. Johnson. Lawrenceville 24 J. R. Creighton Fairfleld W. V. Choisseur Harrisburg 25 W. S. Cantrell Benton Monroe Etherton Carbondale Alternates. Jos. F. Mammoser Chicago James M. Quinlan Chicago George N. Morgan Chicago John J. Leonard Chicago George E. Brennan Chicago 1'. .1. Donahue Chicago Joseph Kenniflck Chicago Fred Scheide Chicago John F. Joyce ' Chicago V. R. Schiller Chicago K. E. Rada Chicago Thomas J. Lynch Chicago Thos. F. Little Chicago George R. Bruce Chicago Stanley S. Walkowiak Chicago John J.. Griffin Chicago Thomas J. O'Hare Chicago John F. O'Malley Chicago Frank A. Startler Chicago Joseph E. Flanagan Chicago Daniel Feely Joliet John C. Donnelly Woodstock Thos. J. Ronin Sycamore !'. A. Owens Morris J. C. Seyster Oregon William Hogan Lanark Matthew .1. McEnlry. .. .Rock Island Albert -P. Mcllenry Biggsville S. L. Marshall Ipava A. !;. Bergland Galva D. J. Hickey Bradford John Fitzgerald Pekin F. M. Hall Danvers William Buckles Downs K. Martin Frankfort James B. M< -Creary Frankfort J. A. Donaldson Carrollton J. C. C. Mayo I'aintsville II. W. Southall Hopkinsville Justus Goebel Covington N. W. I'th-y Eddyville Allie W. Young Morehead M. M. Redwine Jackson Ben Johnson Bardstowp. B. W. Itradburn Bowling Green HISTKICTS. Delegates. Alternates. 1 A. M. Tyler Hickman R. II. Scott Paducah F. <;. Lame Smithland M. L. Chrisinan Murray 2 La Vega Clements. . . Owensboro J. W. Knox Lewisport Perry Miller Morganfleld \V. G. Roney Dixou W. J. Cox Madisouville 3 W. L. Porter Glasgow B. W. Bradburn Bowling Green John H. Durham Franklin J. R. Sandusky Edmonton 4 J. L. Druin Bardstown W. O. Jones Leltchfield Morris II. Beard. . .Hardinsburg C. J. Ilubbard.-. Hodgenvilb; 5 W. O. Head Louisville C. II. Knight Louisville \V. B. Haldeman Louisville S. L. Robertson Louisville John II. Whallen Louisville W. B. Fleming Louisville G C. B. Terrill Bedford W. I torman Carrollton M. L. Downs Carrollton T. F. Cm-ley Walton 7 John T. Hinton Paris Elwood Hamilton Frankfort J. N. Camden, Jr Versailles Ambrose Dudley New Castle 8 W. R. Ray Shelbyville C. W. Kavanaugh Lawrenceburg K. G. Evans Danville H. M. Hunter Nieholasville 9 J. X. Kehoe Maysville South Strong Jackson P. K. Malin Ashland T. H. King Cynthiana 10 D. W. Gardner. .... .Salyersville George Webb Whitesburg T. F. Hatcher Pikeville J. D. Perkins Ilindman 11 A. Gatliff Williamsburg Nat B. Sewell London R. C. Ford Middlesboro Wm. Sampson Middlesboro LOUISIANA. AT LAKGE. Delegates. Alternates. Gov. L. E. Hall Monroe J. Xack Spearing New Orleans Newton C. Blanchard Sluweport J. M. Martin Ruston Martin Behrman New Orleans Alb.-rt Estopinal, Sr Estopinal Robert Ewing New Orleans Frank .1. Loomy Shreveport Theo. S. Wilkinson New Orleans B. B. Purser Amite City A. 1'. 1'ujo Lake Charles Walter L. Gleasou New Orleans DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. 1 Victor Manberrett. . .New Orleans L. D. Legarde New Orleans Alex Pujal New Orleans N. H. Nunez Arabic 2 W. O. Hart New Orleans Henry Mooney New Orleans Paul O. Berthelot Lucy L. C. Vial Hahnville 3 Robt. F. BroiUBard . . . New Iberia T. F. Trere Franklin J. A. Humphreys. Humphreys I 1 . O. W. r. Martin Thibodaux 4 J. M. Foster . . '. Shreveport J. N. Sandlin Minden Chas. M. Elam Maustield O. M. Grissom Wianfield 104 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE 5 Allen Sholars Monroe J. P. Parker, Jr Monroe A. A. Barksdale Ruston & Robt. C. Wickllffe St. Francisville Lewis L. Morgan Covington 7 E. G. Hunter Alexandria P. L. Ferguson Leesville Since deceased. It. A. Hill Pioneer E. P. Major New Roads B. J. Vega Donaldsnville L. A. Fontenst Opelousas W. \V. Whittington Alexandria MAINE. Delegates. Dr. Charles M. Sleeper . . So. Berwick Obadiah Gardner Rockland Charles F. Johnson Waterville Frederick H. Strickland Bangor Alternates. Frank T. Clarkson Kittery Philip Howard Rockland Ralph L. Cooper Belfast M. B. Milliken Stockholm DISTRICTS. Delegates. 1 Dr. Henry A. Weymouth . . . Saco Stephen C. Parry Portland '2 D. J. McGillicuddy Lewiston Merton L. Kimball Norway 3 Frederick W. Plaisted. . .Augusta Samuel W. Gould Skowhegan 4 John S. Williams Guilford Fred W. Thurlow Cutler Alternates. William M. Pennell Brunswick Richard E. Harvey Portland Dr. V. O. White Farmington George E. Hughes Bath Silas T. Lawry Fairfleld \V. E. Beach Ear Harbor Herbert W. Traf ton .... Fort Fairfleld Cornelius Murphy Old Town MARYLAND. AT LARGE. Delegates. John -Walter Smith '. .Baltimore Joshua W. Miles Princess Anne James H. Preston Baltimore J. Fred C. Talbott .'. Lutherville Isidor Rayner Baltimore John J. Mahon Pikesville Arthur P. Gorman Laurel Jasper N. Willison Cumberland DISTRICTS. Delegates. 1 J. Harry Covington Easton Thomas J. Keating. . .Centreville Emerson C. Harrington. Cambriage Emerson R. Crothers Elkt,*i o_Frank A. Furst. Baltimore John S. Young Bel Air Charles H. Dickey . . . Roland Park Guy W. Steele Westminster 3 S. Davies Warfield Baltimore Wm. F. O'Connor Baltimore S. S. Field Baltimore Robert J. Padgett Baltimore 4 Alonzo L. Miles Baltimore Daniel J. Lowden Baltimore Max Ways Baltimore John S. Kelley Baltimore 5 Dr. Geo. Wells Annapolis Aquilla T. Robinson . . Brandy wine Dr. Walter B. Dent Oakley Edw. M. Hammond. .Ellicott City 6 J. Augustine Mason . . Hagerstown Gilmor S. Hamill ..Oakland Emory L. Coblentz Frederick Arthur Peter Rockvilie Each delegate entitled to one- half vote. Alternates. Alternates. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 105 MASSACHUSETTS. AT LARGE. Delegates. Dr. John W. Coughlin. . .Fall River Frank J. Donahue Boston John F. Fitzgerald Boston William I'. Hayes Springfield Charles J. Martell Boston Humphrey O'Sullivan Lowell Charles B. Strecker Brookline David I. Walsh Fitchburg Alternates. Andrew A. Bardaracco Boston Charles F. Campbell Worcester 1'eter J. Flaherty Saugus James M. Folan Norwood Daniel H. Maguire.'. Ilaverhiil Luke .1. Minihan Pittslield Daniel M. O'Brien Rockland Joseph F. O'Connell Boston DISTRICTS. Delegates. 1 Garrett Droppers. . Williamstowu James O'Shea Holyoke 2 John F. Malley Springfield John H. Clune Springfield 3 John A. Thayer Worcester Arthur Seagrave Uxbridge 4 M. Fred O'Connell Fitchburg John J. Desmond Boston 5 J. Joseph O'Connor Lowell John P. S. Mahoney. . .Lawrence 6 Michael L. Sullivan Salem Morgan J. McSweeney .... Salem 7 Francis X. Tyrrell Chelsea Edmund S. Higgins Lynn 8 J. Edward Barry Cambridge John F. O'Brien Cambridge 9 Joseph A. Maynard Boston Michael J. Brophy. .East Boston 10 Andrew R. Kelley .... Dorchester J. J. McNamara. . .South Boston 11 William H. McMorrow. . .Boston John T. Kennedy Roxbury 12 Daniel J. Daley Boston Richard Olney II Dedham 13 William Moran Fall River Dr. T. P. Sullivan. . .Fall River 14 T. C. Thatcher Boston James E. Handrahan. . .Brockton Alternates. Phillip W. Goewey Pittsfield Nicholas J. Lawlor Greenfield John P. O'Connor Palmer James E. Higgins Chicopee Alexis Boyer, Jr Southbrldge James C. Donnelly Worcester <>wen A. Hoben Gardner Charles F. McCarthy Boston William J. Collins Lowell Joseph J. Flynn Lawrence Francis H. Caskins, Jr Danvers Michael F. McGrath Salem Daniel F. Clifford Revere Thus. J. Skiffington Revere Thomas F. Royle Cambridge Charles T. Daley West Medford Grenville S. McFarland Boston John J. Mahoney Boston 11. Murray Pakulski Boston Lewis R. Sullivan Boston Patrick McManus Boston John F. Shea Boston Harold Williams, Jr Brooklino James S. Cannon Boston Richard Pennington. . . .New Bedford Edward Mullaney New Bedford Peter McManus Fall River Charles McCarty. Somn-sei Note Above four tied. Edward P. Boynton... Boston John O'Hearne Tauntou MICHIGAN. Delegates. Edwin O. Wood Flint Edmund C. Shields Howell Lawton T. Hemans Mason 'P. H. O'Brien Laurium Ford F. Rowe Kalamazoo Wellington R. Burt Saginaw Alternates. P. B. Wachtel 1'etoskey Frank E. Pulte Grand Rapids S. C. Thompson Manistee F. T. McDonald Sault Ste. Marie J. J. Firestone. . . .^ Allegan John Strong Monroe DISTRICTS. Delegates. 1 Edwin Henderson Detroit James D. Burns Detroit 2 Dr. D. L. Treat Adrian Boyez Dansard Monroe 3 E. L. Markey Battle Creek M. I-). Miller Charlotte 4 G. H. Knaak St. Joseph A. Lynn Free Paw 1'aw 5 E. J. Doyle Grand Rapids Alle Toppen Holland 6 G. A. Newman Fowlerville Aaron Perry Pontiac 7 A. E. Stevenson .... Port Huron John Loughnaue Lapeer Alternates. John C. Nagel Detroit Stewart llanley Detroit Frank Marx Wyandotte AV. W. Todd Jackson Dr. Ernest F. Gamble. .. .Coldwater Daniel 11. McAuliffe Albion John M. Cullinane Dowagiuc George \. Hale South Haven Thatldi us B. Taylor. .. Cedar Springs I. L. Hubbell fielding Harris E. Thomas Lansing Thomas Barron Argentine Joseph Fremont Bad Axe Win. Roberts Sanilac 106 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE 8 Charles E. Lown Saginaw J. Earle Brown St. Johns 9 C. A. Waal Manlstee Cornelius Gerber Newaygo 10- John E. Kinnane Bay City J. P. Moloney Cheboygan 11 W. N. Ferris Big Rapids C. H. Clements Sheridan 12 J. F. Corcoran Crystal Falls J. J. Cleary Escanaba Clark D. Smith Corunna H. G. Spring Unionville B. G. Oosterbaan Muskegon Harry M. Royal Shejby Byron Burch Midland L. J. Patterson Tawas City John R. Santo Traverse City Archie McCall Ithaca P. J. Murray St. Ignace Patrick Flanagan Iron Mountain MINNESOTA. Delegates. S. A. Stockwell Minneapolis H. F. Weis Le Sueur T. J. Knox Jackson H. L. Buck. Winona A. C. Weiss Duluth Con O'Brien Brainerd Alternates. M. N. Tisdale Slay ton Harry S. Swenson Minneapolis John Dwan Two Harbors John Morgan Thief River Falls C. A. Tullar Warren A. A. Poehler Henderson DISTRICTS. Delegates. 1 J. F. D. Mieghen Albert Lea T. E. Cashman Owatonna 2 L. L. Champlin Mankato S. B. Nelson Luverne 3 P. H. O'Keefe So. St. Paul H. H. Bonniwell Hutchinson 4 Otto Bremer St. Paul R. T. O'Connor St. Paul 5 E. A. Purdy Minneapolis J. F. Williamson Minneapolis 6 J. D. Kowalkowski St. Cloud Joseph Wolf. Staples 7 Joseph R. Keefe . . North Redwood Julius Thorson Benson 8 Alfred Jaques Duluth C. M. King Deer River 9 Martin O'Brien Crookston M. J. Daly Perham Alternates. Julius Reiter Rochester W. W. Beldcn Caledonia T. S. Ferris Fairmont G. G. Stone Pipestone W. S. Weiss Red Wing Martin M. Sheilds Faribault Paul Doty St. Paul Wm. Smithson Stillwater Otto Hadlen "Minneapolis E. S. Corser Minneapolis Ed Indrehus Foley W. J. Doherty Litchfield J. H. Driscoll Madison Ray G. Farrington Ortonville J. J. Skahen Princeton W. V. Kane Koochiching G. C. Thorpe Ada P. J. Russell Bemidji MISSISSIPPI. Delegates. C. H. Alexander Jackson J. Sharp Williams. Washington, D. C. James K. Vardaman Jackson Earl Brewer Jackson Alternates. T. G. Bilbo Poplarville Douglas Robinson Sidon J. W. Cassidy Jackson G. II. Hobbs Brookhaven DISTRICTS. Delegates. 1 G. T. Heard Brooksville T. A. Boggan Tupelo 2 A. C. Anderson Ripley Hall W. Sanders Charleston 3 Oscar G. Johnson Clarksdale A. F. Gardner Greenwood 4 J. J. McClelland West Point Henry Hart Winona 5 T. O. Brame Bay Springs Floyd Loper Lake 6 Frank Lewis Scranton J. R. Talley Hattiesburg 7 D. C. Brantley, Jr Woodville W. P. Cassedy Brookhaven 8 Ben H. Wells Jackson R. M. Kelly Vicksburg Alternates. J. M. Witt Tupelo Bevi Phillips Booneville Lee M. Russell Oxford W. L. Sadler Okolona J. W. Henderson Tunica T. E. Mortimer Belzoni N. W. Bradford Houston J. A. Teat Kosciusko Guy Rencher DeKalb W. A. Ellis Carthage J. C. Elmer Biloxi D. A. Mclntosh Seminary James McLure Fayette J. F. Guines Hazelhurst R. L. Dent Vicksburg T. H. Campbell Yazoo City DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 107 MISSOURI. AT LARGE. Delegates. Alternates. Wm. J. Stone Jefferson City J. T. Woodruff Springfield James A. Reed Kansas City W. \V. Graves Jefferson City David R. Francis St. Louis Edward Robb 1'erryville Lon V. Stevens St. Louis Fount Rothwell Columbia A. M. Dockery Gallitan J. N. Burroughs West Plains Virgil Rule St. Louis Dr. John II. Simon St. Louis W. T. Kemper Kansas City II. F. Staple Rockport Gilbert Barbee Joplin Charles 1'. lliggins St. Louis DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. 1 F. II. McCullough Edina Fivd II. Tedford Macon II. Clay Heather Palmyra T. L. Montgomery Kahoka 1 2 John E. Lynch Moberly L. II. Herring Brunswick E. M. Harber Trenton Geo. F. Crutchley Norborne 3 O. P. Gentry Liberty I. L. Jones Kingston Garland Wilson Bethany L. M. Phipps Grant City 4 Edwin M. Swartz St. Joseph Harry M. Irwin Marysville L. L. Teare Craig W. T. Jenkins Platte City 5 Joseph B. Shannon. .Kansas City Michael E. Casey Kansas City Fred W. Fleming. .. .Kansas City Huston Crittenden Kansas City 6 James W. Suddath. Warrensburg Fred Frye . Lockwood John W. Jamison Rich Hill F. M. Cockrell Warrensburg 7 T. II. Harvey Marshall B. J. Drake \Yarsaw W. 11. Powell Sedalia Lee Savage Springfield 8 James C. Hall Rocheport R. M. Livesay Versailles W. 1'. Johnson Boonville E. M. Zevely Linn 9 E. A. Glenn Louisiana Rufus Jackson Mexico W. E. Jamison Fulton James F. Ball Montgomery 10 Anton C. Stuever St. Louis Herman W. Fay St. Louis Ralph W. Coale St. Louis Win. S. Rex St. Ixniis 11 James P. Miles St. Louis Jos. H. Brogan St. Louis Charles L. Geraghty. . .St. Louis Henry Henning St. Louis 12 A. J. Fitzsimmons St. Louis John E. Clooney St. Louis Colin M. Selph St. Louis Clinton Boogher St. Louis 13 E. M. Dearing Potosl C. R. Platt Flat River Frank M. Wells Lutesville John T. Byrne Eureka 14 Ernest A. Green. . .Poplar Bluff R. A. Young Alton A. L. Harty Bloomfleld John E. Marshall Sikestou 15 Thomas II. Hackney. . .Carthage II. C. Chancellor, Jr. . . .Mindenmines L. L. Scott Nevada Charles Manley Cassville 16 H. C. Murphy Richland James Orchard Eminence Kirby Lamar Houston N. J. Craig Mansfield MONTANA. Delegates. A itcrnates. Edwin L. Norris Helena Joseph Kirschwing Great Falls Henry L. Meyers Hamilton C. F. Morris Havre T. J. Walsh Helena W. G. Downing Great Falls W. J. Johnson '.Anaconda W. P. Franklin Big Timber R. R. Purcell Helena Walter L. Verge Clmieau Sid J. Coffey Missoula W. G. Conrad Helena 0. C. Cato Miles Ciiy 1 >. M. Din-fee Philipshurg M. D. Baldwin Kalispell John D. Garber Plains NEBRASKA. AT LARGE. Delegates. Alternates. W. J. Bryan Lincoln 1. J. Dunn Omaha W. H. Wcstover G. M. Hitchcock Omaha George L. Loomis Fremont Mark W. Murray. OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE DISTRICTS. Delegates. 1 W. D. Wheeler Plattsmouth A. S. Tibbets Lincoln 2 Constantine J. Smyth. .. .Omaha Felix J. McShane, Jr Omaha 3 J. R. Kelley Bancroft Louis Lightner Columbus 4 Matt Miller David City C. E. Bowlby Friend 5 Frank T. Swanson . . . Clay Center Peter W. Shea Orleans 6 Frank J. Taylor George C. Gillan Alternates. William Ritchie, Jr T. S. Allen Herbert S. Daniel J. H. Begley Hairy D. Miller William H. Green Edward B. Woods Fred Strobel Lem Tibbets William E. Ewing Horace M. Davis Dr. H. H. Bellwood. .. NEVADA. AT LABGE. Delegates. Rolx-rt L. Douglas Fallen Phil. S. Triplett Elko P. E. Carney Goldfield Key Pittman Tonopah W. S. Proskey Reno Samuel W. Belford Ely Alto nates. .7. E. Babcock Las Vesras L. K. Koontz Goldncld W. .7. Bell Winnemncca C. H. Mclntosh Tonopah John McGrath Virginia 'iiy Charles Stout Reno NEW HAMPSHIRE. Delegates. John B. Jameson Antrim Eugene E. Reed Manchester Clarence E. Carr Andover Henri T. Ledoux Nashua -Alternates. Frank Collins Lebanon Dr. Chas. A. Morse Newmarket Dr. Seth W. Jones Franklin William H. Barry Nashua DISTRICTS. Delegates. 1 John R. Willis Manchester Edw. W. Townsend . . Rowlinsford 2 George W. McGregor Littleton Guy H. Cutter Jaffrey Alternates. Thomas Smith Exeter Edward S. Clark Dover George W. Pike Lisbon Albert W. Noone Pelerboro NEW JERSEY. AT LABGE. Delegates. .1. E. Marline Washington, D. C. John Hinchliffe Paterson, N. J. N. ivter Wedin Jersey City, N. J. John W. Westcott Camden, N. J. Alternates. John L. Armitage Newark. N. .1. A. BoUschweiler. .Perth Amboy. N. J. K. I-:. Hurkr Morristown. N. .1. Win. Libbey Princeton, N. J. DISTRICTS. Delegates. 1 Joseph E. Nowrey Camden J. Warren Davis Camden 2 J. Thompson Baker. . .Wildwood Thomas H. Birch .... Burlington 3 John W. Slocum . . . Long Branch Thomas J. Scully. South Amboy 4 Geo. M. LaMonte. .Bound Brook Walter Madden Trenton 5 William L. R. Lynd Dover James J. Potts Elizabeth 6 William Kline Phillipsburg Dan Fellows Platt. . . . Englewood 7 William Hughes Paterson Robert G. Bremner Passaic Alternates. Thomas M. Ferrell Glassboro James D. Carpenter Woodbury Wm. P.. Loudenslager. . .Atlantic City Martin W. Lane Millvill'e George C. Low Toms River Joshua Hilliard Manahawkin William C. Gebhardt Clinton Paul A. Queen Flemington John D. Stevens Plainfleld Samuel Brandt Madison Charles E. Stickney Sussex 7,.>wis S. Iliff Newton John Boylan Paterson James J. Cowley Passaic DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION lUi) S John M. Rhodaback Newark IV u-r Stillwell Bayonne '.' .lames Smith, Jr Newark Arthur B. Seymour Orange 10 James R. Nugent Newark Harry F. Backus Verona 11 J. J. McGovern Hoboken Euiil Groth Union Hill 12 Thomas Haight Jersey City Mark A. Sullivan. . . .Jersey City Edward O. Cyphers Belleville James J. MeAteer Kearny Thomas F. Holzinger Newark Simon Hahn Newark George K. Kirkham Montclair John W. Gaven Newark Harry H. Lange Hoboken Peter Hoffman Hoboken Carl G. A. Schumann .... Jersey City Isaac Klinghoffer Jersey City NEW MEXICO. DISTRICTS. Delegates. 1 J. S. Hartmau Aztec 2 A. B. McCaffey Albuquerque :>, Felix Martinez. . . .El Paso, Texas 4 John D. W. Veeder . . . . Las Vegas 5 John I. Hinkle Hagerruau 6 J. A. Mahoiiey Demming 7 T. W. Medley Socorro S Howard L. Bickley Raton 'Alternates. J. W. Normant Santa Fe A. T. llauua Gallup K. W. Roberson Estancia ,T. D. Hand Los Alamos M. C. Stewart Carlsbad Dr. G. K. Angle Silver City J. H. Latham Lake Valley Felix Garcia Lumberton NEW YORK. AT LABGE. Delegates. John A. Dis .............. Thomson Alternates. Abraham J. Ellas ........... Buffalo James A. O'Gorman ... New York City John D. Crimmins. .. .New York Citv A 1 t . ,i Tf ffnt*lrt\t* TTtsrtTMlO TViVtT> \\ r VT"i-i.K.n. -_ . , ** Alton B. Parker ............. Esopus Charles F. Murphy. . . .New York City J hn W. Weber ........... Brooklyn John J. Irving .......... Binghamton DISTRICTS. Delegates. 1 August Belmont.Hempstead. L. I. Fred Sheide. . .Lindenhurst, L. I. _' Maurice E. Connelly.Corona, L. I. C. I'aiie Caldwell Forest Hills 3 Theodore C. Eppig Brooklyn Robert Furey Brooklyn 4 Herman A. Metz Brooklyn Lawrence F. Carroll ... Brooklyn :, rimma-: K. Byrnes. .. .Brooklyn Charles J. O'Brien Brooklyn Michael E. Butler Brooklyn Joseph W. Masters. .. .Brooklyn 7 John J. Fitzgerald. . . . .Brooklyn James Kane Brooklyn 8 Alfred E. Steers Brooklyn Alonzo G.. McLaughlin . Brooklyn James I. Kelly Brooklyn Georg.- II. Timmerman. Brooklyn 10 John II. McCooey Brooklyn Edward Lazausky Brooklyn 11 Al.ram I. Elkus .'. .New York City William F. Grell . . New York City 1 2 John F. Ahearn . . New York City Perry Belmont. . ..New York Citv 13 Tim D. Sullivan. .New York City Wm. G. Me Adoo. .New York City 14 William Sulzer . . . New York City Lewis Nixon New York City 1 5 M. J. Drummond . . New York City James W. Fleming Troy 16 Lawrence Godkiii . .New York City John Fox New York City 17 Morgan J. O'P.rieu. New Yoik City Sam'l Tntermeyer. New York City IS Win. T. Emmet. . .New York City Wni. F. Sheehan. .New York City 1J> J. B. Stanehfield. New York City Herman Ridder. . .New York City Alternates. Thomas H. O'Keefe. Oyster Bay L I Peter J. O'Neill Bay Shore, L.' L M . a . I ; l . on J - Verderay Flushing T K llam A - Mullt>r Ridgewood John Ennis Michael Fogerty ! ! ! ! .' irookl-n Paul Kahan BrooklVu Jonn J. Dorrnan Brooklyn |. h " J - Maguire Brooklyn Michael Carberry Brooklvn Patrick J. Carlin BrooklVu James Smith Brooklvn Patrick H. Quiun....::::;Brook yn Eugene Conran Brooklvn August W. Maul . .Brooklyn Thomas J. Murphy BrooklVu Louis J. Zettler BrooklVn Richard J. Kelly.... BrSoklvu Arthur S. Seiners ! ifirookbn * 1 ""* S Drescher Brooklyn Andrew Cuneo New York Citv ?ff Dr $ }*' Gol . < "g 1 e... New York Citv Alfred E. Smith New York Citv X. Taylor Phillips.. New York Cv Aaron J. Levy. P . . New York C-- Richard Fitzpatrick. . .New York C t v Sidney Harris New York City James A. Foley... New York Pitv Edward T. Thomson N.-v Frederick Haberman H. DeWitt Hamilton Louis E. LaTour.. Charles D. Donahue! Robert F. Wagner John I!. Hassiocher. . New York Cii'v John E. (Jalvin \,, w fork Walter F. Burns New York M,' . New York Citv Xew York City New York City New York Citv 110 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20 John F. Mclntyre . New York City J. Sergeant Cram . New York City 21 A. R. Watson New York City John Quinn New York City 22 H. L. Seheuermann.New York City Antonio Zucca. . . . New York City 23 William Sohmer . . New York City C. B. Alexander. .New York City 24 Geo. N. Reinhardt. New York City James T. Lennon Yonkers 25 Rob't B. VanCortlandt.Mt. Kisco F. H. Waldorf New Rochelle 26 Edward E. Perkins . Poughkeepsie Arthur A. McLean ... Newburgh 27 George M. Palmer Cobleskill Everett Fowler. ...... .Kingston 28 Patrick E. McCabe Albany Joseph J. Murphy Troy 29 Joseph A. Kellogg. . .Glens Falls W. A. Huppuch. . .Hudson Falls 30 Gerardus Smith Schenectady William A. Gardner. .Amsterdam 31 Thomas Spratt Ogdensburg Thomas F. Conway . . . Plattsburg 32 Charles N. Bulger Oswego G. H. P. Gould Lyons Falls 33 John D. McMahon Rome Samuel A. Beardsley Utica 34 William W. Farley. .Binghamton James J. Byard, Jr.Cooperstown 35 Thomas Ryan Syracuse Thomas W. Meachem. .Syracuse 36 Thomas Carmody Penn Yan Frank Rice Canandaigua 37 Charles E. Trenton Ithaca Daniel Sheehan Elmira 38 Thomas W. Finucane. .Rochester John Pallace Rochester 39 John F. Donovan .... Mt. Morris Benedict Brooks . . . Pearl Creek 40 Robert H. Gittins. .Niagara Falls Norman E. Mack Buffalo 41 Louis P. Fuhrmann Buffalo William F. Kasting Buffalo 42 Wm. H. Fitzpatrick Buffalo Samuel J. Ramsperger. . .Buffalo 43 Walter H. Edson Falconer Herbert D. Sibley Olean Joseph S. Schwab. .. .New York City John F. Carew New York City James McGinty New York City Michael A. Scudi New York City George J. Hurst New YorkCity James F. Delaney New York City William A. Keating. . .New York Cit>* Henry Bruckner New York City Thomas Gilleran New York City Thomas J. McCormack Yonkers Arthur Outram Sherman Rye Frederick B. Van Kleek. White Plains Robert H. Clark Westown Ferdinand A. Hoyt.Fishkill-on-Hudson Geo. B. Van Valkenburgh. .Lexington M. Eugene Clark Ellenville Robert E. W T halen Albany Peter G. TenEyck Albany Matthew E. Kelly Schuylerville Patrick Monyhan Glens Falls Carl L. Fry Northville Brice E. Morrow Schenectady John Harding Saranac Lake John Anderson, Jr Newcomb Charles A. Jerome Cape Vincent Andrew D. Cornwall. .Alexandria Bay Harvey Feldmeier Little Falls James D. Sadler Herkimer George L. Hubbell Hobart H. C. Stratton Oxford David F. Costello Syracuse Fay C. Parsons Cortland Patrick S. White Newark Arthur H. Brooks Romulus Michael J. Murray Owego James A. Parsons Hornell Charles S. Rauber Rochester Edward J. Carey Fairport Frank F. Blackford Spencerport William C. Page Mumford Edward T. Williams. . .Niagara Falls Devoe P. Hodson Buffalo Edward Stengel Buffalo Mark Harris Buffalo Franklin E. Bard Gowauda John P. Sullivan Buffalo Thomas J. Cummings Dunkirk Charles M. Estell Friendship NORTH CAROLINA. AT LAKGE. W. C. A. W. R. B. J. S. W. C. E. J. W. C. E. J. W. T. Delegates. Dowd Charlotte McLean Lumberton Glenn Winston-Salem Carr Durham Newland Lenoir Justice Greensboro Hammer Asheboro Hale Fayetteville Dortch Goldsboro Alternates. F. M. Grice Elizabeth City DISTRICTS. Delegates. 1 W. G. Lambe Williamston L. L. Smith Gatesville E. F. Aydlett Elizabeth City F. C. Harding Greenville 2 W. A. Finch Wilson A. S. Rascoe Windsor W. G. Clark Tarboro M. W. Hanson Littleton 3 Nathan O'Berry Goldsboro E. J. Hill Warsaw Alternates. J. T. Bland. \V. T. Caho. . Burgaw . Bayboro DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 111 Delegates. Alternates. A. F. Howard Clinton E. M. Green New Bern L. G. Daniels New Bern B. A. May Carteret 4 E. S. Abell Smithfield R. B. White Franklinton Albert L. Cox Raleigh J. B. Ramsey Rocky Mount 5 A. W. Graham Oxford G. H. Hastings. . . Winston-Salem V. S. Bryant Durham C. H. Haynes Mount Airy G O. L. Clark Clarkton Jos. B. Underwood. .Fayetteville II. C. McQueen Wilmington A. J. McKinnon Maxton 7 T. B. Bailey Mocksville D. E. Mclver Sanford J. R. Blair Troy L. D. Robinson Wadesboro 8 R. A. Doughton Sparta Hayden Clement Salisbury Dr. R. S. Young Concord R. L. Smith Albemarle 9 Chase Brenizer Charlotte O. B. Carpenter Dallas Guy V. Roberts Marshall W. A. Self Hickory W. C. Erwin Morgantown 10 John C. Mills Rutherfordton II. B. Weaver Asheville Hugh Love Waynesville J. II. Dillard Murphy NORTH DAKOTA. AT LARGE. Delegates. Alternates. \\. E. Purcell Wahpeton W. P. Porterfield Fargo J. Nelson Kelly Grand Forks O. G. Major Hope Frank Reed Bismarck Ed. W. Conmy Pembina S. J. Doyle Carrington M. H. O'Hara Kenmare lOd. J. Hughes Dickinson J. W. Boeing Minto W. L. Walton Bantry W. E. Byerly Velva Charles Mansfield Williston Walter Fulkerson Crary Carl Nelson Cando Frank Lish Dickinson Willis A. Joy Grand Forks OHIO. AT LARGE. Delegates. Alternates. .Tas. E. Campbell Columbus John II. Clark Cleveland Thos. J. Cogan Cincinnati M. A. Daugherty Lancaster J. 11. Goeke Wapakoneta Win. Green Coshocton J. A. McMahon Toledo H. L. Nichols Batavia Atlee Pomerene Canton Jas. Ross Columbus John L. Shuff Cincinnati W. S. Thomas Springfield DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. 1 Samuel Murray Cincinnati B. S. Oppenheimer .Cincinnati John W. Peck Cincinnati J. H. Dlerkes Cincinnati 2 Thos. Connors Cincinnati Jas. B. Matson Cincinnati John W. Devanney Glendale John G. Broxtewan Cincinnati 3 Ed. W. Hanley Dayton H. D. Wolfinsparger Dayton Ed. C. Sohngen Hamilton E. C. Eikenberry Eaton 4 W. A. Browne Greenville S. A. Hostetter Greenville II. C. Fox Coldwater Lafc Kucning New Bremen 5 John S. Snook Paulding J. B. Smith Van Wort 112 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE J. W. Smith Ottawa Thos. Mulcahy . Xapoleou 6 M. R. Denver Wilmington Geo. B. Beacham Batavia J. W. Lingo Lebanon Wm. Eylar Georgetown 7 P. J. Shouvlin Springfield Chester E. Bryan London Jeff M. Combs Troy P. E. Dempsey Washington C. H. 8 W. W. Durbin Kenton J. M. Saylor Christlansburg Geo. W. McCracken. . . .Urbana Xevin U. Smith Bellefontaine 9 Frank A. Baldwin. Bowling Green Daniel Xoe Toledo H. A. Ashley Toledo Scott Stahl Port Clinton 10 M. F. Merriman Gallipolis J. H. Moore. Waverly DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. Valee Harold Portsmouth T. W. Ellison West Union 11 Van A. Snider Lancaster Dan Rardan Athens, Jacob Dean Pomeroy Charles W. Thompson . New Lexington 12 Fred J. Heer Columbus D. H. Sowers Columbus Ben H. Harmon Columbus Jas. M. Briggs Briggsdale 13 Ira R. Pontius. .Upper Sandusky Geo. Kinney Fremont W. H. Rinehart Sandusky G. W. Cliffe Upper Santlusky 14 Chas. Beer Ashland Win. Beebe Mt. Gilead Don J. Young Norwalk B. X. Harris Lorain 15 R. T. Scott Cambridge L. U. Gibson Zanesville H. T. Sutton Zanesville Raymond Durbin . . . . McConnellsville 16 Jas. McConville . . . . Steubenville John A. Copeland Cadiz D. E. Yost Woodsfield C. J. Ellis Woodsfield 17 Jas. R. Fitzgibbon Xewark W. L. Timmons Coshocton Lyinan S. Hitchcock. Millersburg Chas. Gutensohn Gnadeiihutten 18 Ed. H. Moore Youngstown Tobias Schott Massillon J. J. Whitacre Canton W. J. Foley Palestine 19 L. C. Koplin Akron E. J. Parrish Conneaut A. S. Frister. .West Farmington J. D. Thomas Akron 20 Thos. P. Schmidt Cleveland Chas. Frank Valley City Chas. W. Lapp Cleveland F. A. Tuttle Painesville 21 Xewton D. Baker Cleveland W. C. Keousrh Cleveland R. J. Bulkley Cleveland D. C. Westenhaver Cleveland 'Since deceased. OKLAHOMA. AT LARGE. Delegates. R. L. Williams Durant Scott Ferris Lawton Fred P. Branson Muskogee Howard Webber Bartlesville Henry S. Johnson Perry George W. Ballamy El Reno B. S. Mitchell Shattuck O. J. Flemming Enid E. J. Giddings Oklahoma City W. W. Hastings Tahlequah "W. H. Murray Tishomingo T. P. Gore Lawton George L. Bowman Kingfisher B. D. Hite .Anadarko T. H. Owen Muskogee E. P. Hill McAlester S. C. Burnette Cordell Wm. A. Collier Eufaula W. N. Maben Shawnee J. W. Zevely Muskogee DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. l_Roy Hoffman Chandler J. J. Beale Hennessey T. S. Chambers Tonkawa J. S. Kelley Jefferson 2 W. H. Wilcox Woodward W. H. McCook J. J. Carney El Reno G. W. Cornell Weatherford 3 L. T. Sammons Holdenville J. W. Sullins Henryetta s. V. O'Hare Muskogee G. H. Davis Claremore 4 P. B. Cole McAlester John Ellard Coalgate T. W. Hunter Hugo W. L. Crittenden Stigler 5 E. K. Thurmond Say re K. K. Glasco Purcell T. L. Wade Marlowe A. D. Burch Pauls Valley DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 113 OREGON. AT LARGE. Delegates. A. S. Bennett The Dalles Tims. Carrick Burke Baker James E. Godfrey Salem Frederick V. Holman Portland Mark Holmes Rickreall Will R. King Portland .las. \V. Maloney Pendleton Victor P. Moses Corvallis Daniel W. Sheahan Enterprise Herman Wise Astoria Alternalcs. PENNSYLVANIA. AT LARGE. Delegates. A. Mitchell Palmer Stroudsburg Vance ('. McCormick Harrisburg George W. Guthrie Pittsourgh Warren Worth Bailey. .. ..Tohnstowii Koland S. Morris Philadelphia Charles S. Duncan Gettysburg E. J. Lynett Scranton Charles R. Kurtz Bellefonte Lot W. Reiff Oley John A. Thornton Philadelphia Henry II. Wilson Beaver Fred C. Kirkendale Wilkes-Barre Alternates. II. J. Meyers Chicora Samuel S. Lelby Marysville Frank B. Rhodes Media John Smith Shirley Clarion W. Frank Walters Carlisle O. L. Fehr Easton E. J. Lichtenwalner Allentown Charles D. Stucker Harrisburg Louis N. Spencer Lancaster David Wallerstein Philadelphia Silas E. Walker Warren William M. Fairman. .Punxsutawnev DISTRICTS. Delegates. 1 John F. McNenny. .Philadelphia William J. Murphy .Philadelphia 2 James Gillespie . . . .Philadelphia R. W. Jennings Philadelphia 3 Thomas J. Ryan .... Philadelphia John J. Wall Philadelphia 4 Joseph E. Fabian. . .Philadelphia Benj. H. Green Philadelphia 5 N. Albrecht Philadelphia E. M. Clinton Philadelphia 6 Joseph S. Boyle Philadelphia B. Gordon Bromley. Philadelphia 7 William H. Berry Chester Jerome A. Hartman.Phoenixville 8 Asher Anders Doylestown John B. Evans Pottstown 9 B. P. Davis Lancaster I. N. Diller Paradise 10 Joseph O'Brien Scranton John J. Durkin Scranton 11 John McGahren. . . .Wilkes-Barre J. B. Woodward . . . Wilkes-Barre 12 Frank J. Noonan.Mahonoy City W. J. Shepard Pottsville 13 Martin Klinger Allentown William M. Croll Reading 14 A. H. Kingsbury Towanda Richard N. Brush .. Susquehanna 15 Hugh Gilmore ....Williamsport Otto Kaupp Williamsport 16 Freeze Quick Bloomsburg Thos. G. Vincent Danville 17 William Alexander Chambersburg Allen A Orr Lewistown 18 C. Albert Fritchey. . .Harrisburg M. M. Dougherty .Mechanicsville 10 C. E. Hannan Johnstown A. Enfleld Bedford 20 S. K. Pfaltzgraff York S. Forry Laucks York .4 Iternatcs. Janes J. Kennedy Philadelphia John P. Ratican Philadelphia Frank M. O'Brien Philadelphia Marcus Schoales Philadelphia Charles J. Hanger Philadelphia Gustav Spiess Philadelphia John A. Grimes Philadelphia Matt J. Ryan Philadelphia Henry J. Burns Philadelphia Owen Morris Philadelphia J. H. Brandt Philadelphia Daniel J. Cunnie Manayunk Theodore W. Bye Kimberton Louis A. Clyde Chester Joseph Knox Fornance. . .Norristown C. E. Stoneback Bristol J. W. Eckenrode Lancaster John Westerman Columbia P. E. Kilcullen Scranton John J. Loftus Scranton M. X. Donnelly Pittston Daniel L. Hart Wilkes-Barre L. F. Donaghue Mahanoy Plane Thomas McDonald Girardville Jacob H. Mays Womelsdorf Clinton D. Strauss Allentown Aaron Brown Tunkhannock John A. Strider Susquehanna John F. Stone Coudersport George B. Wolf Williamsport J. Wm. Moran Muncy Valley E. M. Savidge Bloomsburg Oscar D. Deckard Richfield Charles M. Johnson McVeyrown John M. McCulloch Harrisburg Robert Stucker Harrisburg John Dowling Johnstown Charles A. (Jrecr Altoona Charles A. Williams Gettysburg C. H. Gerry York 114 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE 21 Asher R. Johnson Bradford John G. Barclay Clearfield 22 John B. Keenan Greensburg Jarnos Laird Greensburg 23 Bruce F. Sterling. . ..Union town H. C. Staggers Waynesburg 24 James A. Bubbett ... Washington Edward J. Schlelter .... Freedom 25 Hobert F. Devine Erie Robert X. in-own Meadville 20 James I. Blakslee. . . . Lehighton Pennel Evans Easton 27 W. L. Sansom Clarion M. E. Brown Blairsvillo 28 John 1". Ilines Stoneboro William Hasson Oil C'ity 29 P. J. Sheridan Pittsburgh Joseph Ilowley Pittsburgh 30 S. J. Graham Pittsburgh G. W. McNeil Pittsburgh 31 \Vm. J. Brennan Pittsburgh Stephen J. Toole Pittsburgh ?>2 J. I'. Bracken Carnegie John F. O'Toole Pittsburgh I. K. Ilockley Emporium .M. i '. Hurt Allegheny John C. Blackburn Greensburg .1. It. McLaaghlin Leechburg diaries II. Fisher Somerset. .1. (J. llemington Uniontown S. A. Bariuun California J. M. Dickson Washington Richard II. Arbuckle Erie Frank Clancy Erie David S. Gregory Gilbert .lames Harrison Gilbert \v. A. McAdoo Klttanning W. L. McCracken Brookville ( '. E. Bordwell Warren rharlrs A. Miller Sharpsville Nicholas Ilosenfeld Pittsburgh Joseph A. .\oi' Sharpsburg George Heard Pittsburgh M. D. Salyards Pitcairn Joseph F. Joyce Pittsburgh John A. Martin Pittsburgh Lewis Kimmel Pittsburgh W. E. Madden Knoxville RHODE ISLAND. DISTRICTS. Delegates. 1 John J. Fitzgerald. . .Paw tucket 2 David J. Barry Providence 3 David J. Barr Providence 4 Owen McMann Providence 5 James M. McCarthy . Woonsocket G James Hennessey. .E. Providence 7 Patrick J. Loyle Newport 8 William R. Congdon. . . Wickford 9 Giustino De Beuedictis Providence 10 Peter Goelet Gerry Newport Alternates. John E. Canning Providence Frank E. Fitzsimmons. West Lonsdale Peter C. Cannon Providence Thomas F. Cavanaugh .. .Woonsocket Theodore Francis Green . . Providence Thomas II. Galvin . . . East Greenwich Peter A. Cruise Pawtucket Edwin C. Pierce Cranston William II. Thornley Providence Charles W. Greene Warren SOUTH CAROLINA. AT LABGE. Delegates. B. R. Tillman Trenton E. D. Smith Florence R. I. Manning Sumter John Gary Evans Spartanburg Alternates. M. F. Ansel Greenville F. II. Weston Columbia W. F. Stevenson Cheraw II. c. Folk Bamberg DISTRICTS. Delegates. 1 R. S. Wualey Charleston Charlton Durant Manning 2 W. W. Williams Aiken B. W. Crouch Saluda 3 H. L. Watson Greenwood E. C. Doyle Easley 4 Lewis W. Parker Greenville S. T. D. Lancaster. . Spartanburg 5 W. M. Dunlap Rock Hill J. L. Glenn Chester 6 W. T. Bethea Dillon S. A. Woods Marion 7 W. A. Stuckey Bishopville J. B. Wingard Lexington Alternates. J. G. Padgett Walterboro II. II. Gross St. George B. E. Nicholson Edgeiiek! Neils Christensen Beaufort R. F. Smith Easley B. B. Gossett Williamston W. Mills Mooney Greenville Ben Hill Brown Spartanburg W. 1'. Pollock. Cheraw J. J. O'Bear Winnsboro T. B. Gibson Benneusville R. B. Scarborough Con way J. P. Thomas Columbia B. II. Moss O range ourg so I Til DAKOTA. AT LARGK. Delegates. T. M. Simmons Huron John T. McCullen.. Miller G. L. Kirk : . .1'lalte Alternates. J. I. MoNiel Daniel I lea ley John J. Halligan. . DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 115 Stephen Donahue Sioux Falls J. A. Rouse M. M. Bennett Yankton J. H. Dwyer Tli. is. II. Ryan Elk Point F. M. Stover James Coffey Aberdeen Joseph Bartscher A. H. Oleson Deadwood Stanley Philip . . . Kdwiu M. Starcher Fairfax J. \V. Thompson. . Philip Fortpierre F. W. Hogan.... TENNESSEE. AT LARGE. Delegates. Alternates. *\\. A. Percy Memphis C. H. Lyle Johnson City Luke Lea Nashville Geo. W. Baxter Knoxville M. M. Allison Chattanooga Laps D. Walker Chattanooga Nat Baxter Nashville Dancey Fort Clarksville ( ;. F. Milton Knoxville Emmet Hunt Dixon S. M. Young Dixon Springs Sid Clark Trenton John A. Tipton Covington H. C. Anderson Jackson H. C. Adler Chattanooga C. P. J. Mooney Memphis Note One-half vote each. * Since deceased. DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. 1 Thad A. Cox Johnson City J. J. Mitchell Greenville C. B. Mimms Newport B. I. Susong Newport 2 J. W. Sneed Knoxville Jno. W. Flenniken Knoxville J. C. J. Williams. .. .Huntsville J. N. Crowder Rockwood 3 Lewis M. Coleman. .Chattanooga J. B. F. Lowry Chattanooga C. H. Garner Tracy City H. M. Linn Cleveland 4 Gcorg;' P. Welsh Monterey J. M. Adams Mt. Juliet L. T. Smith Jamestown Chas. Davis Wartburg 5 W. A. Frost Shelbyville B. D. Kingree Shelby ville II. T. Stewart Woodbury W. W. Ogilvie Lewisburg G H. E. Howse Nashville Ah-x Barthell Nashville J. B. Newman Nashville Reau E. Folk Nashville 7 Will Parks Lawrenceburg Horace Frierson Columbia H. C. Carter Waverly J. M. Spencer Erin 8 A. B. Lamb Paris H. E. Graper Lexington D. G. Hudson Camden Terry W. Allen Jackson Note One-half vote each. 9 G. W. Jeter Dresden John M. Drane Dyersburg W. W. Baird Humboldt Wm. R. Kinney Brownsville 10 H. C. Moorman Summerville C. A. Stainback Covington J. W. Jones Hickory Valley C. A. Miller Boliver C. P. Simonton Covington L. G. Gwin Covington Hubert Fisher Memphis Stanley Trezevant Memphis Note One-half vote each. TEXAS. Delegates. Alternates. Cone Johnson Tyler Thomas S. Henderson Cameron Thomas W. Gregory Austin M. M. Brooks Dallas Charles A. Culberson Dallas Albert S. Burleson Austin Thomas H. Ball Houston Thomas B. Love Dallas M. M. Crane Dallas Marcellus E. Foster Houston Thomas M. Campbell Palestine William M. Rice Houston Marshall Hicks San Antonio T. S. Garrison Timpson Robert L. Henry Waco I. W. Stevens Fort Worth Note One-half vote each. DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. 1 T. M. Scott Paris C. L. Duncan Mount Pleasant C. E. Terry Clarksville B. F. Sherrill Jefforson 2 Eugene H. Blount. .Nacogdoches J. A. Watson Hemphill T. W. Davidson Marshall Steward H. Smith Beaumont 3 J. M. Edwards Tyler A. B. Watkins Athens Robert T. Brown .... Henderson J. S. Mcllwaine Tyler 116 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. 4 R. E. Merritt McKinney M. C. Spivey Bonham H. B. Mock Greenville R. C. Temple BonhTim 5 Royal R. Watkins Dallas Ed. E. Force Rockwell J. R Mayhew Waxahachie J. N. Fallis Meridian 6 Charles H. Mills Corsicana J. R. Bell Fairfleld Ed. Hall Bryan A. T. Schultz Groesbeck 7 J. C. Feagin Livingston John West Groveton C. L. Edmiston Crockett T. B. Greenwood Palestine 8 W. L. Hill Huutsville S. A. Crawford Conroe Hood Boone Anderson 1'. P. Carter Madison ville 9 w. D. Wilson Bay City Willet Wilson Port Lavaca Charles F. Hoff Rockporc George J. Schliecher Cuero 10 Cooper Sansom Georgetown C. T. Bass San Marcos Thad A. Thompson Austin Lea Beaty Lockhart 1 1 A. R. McCollum Waco S. P. Sadler Gatesville C. J. Bartlett Marlin L. O. Peck Hamilton 12 Clifford Keckham. . . .Fort Worth A. S. Harris Comanche B. M. Utterback Stephenville H. P. Brown Cleburne 13 R. E. Kuff Wichita Falls J. L. Rudy Montague A. D. Rogers Decatur J. C. Marshall Quanah 14 Perry J. Lewis San Antonio Dr. J. F. Noe Boerne Arch Grinnen Brownwood J. M. Hamilton Kerrville 15 Dr. A. H. Evans. . .Eagle Pass Frank Rabb Brownsville R. W. Hudson Pearsall Amador Sanchez Laredo 16 Z. L. Cobb El Paso John H. Cochran Sweotwator H. C. Hughes Sweetwater John II. Garner East hind UTAH. Delegates. Alternates. John Dern Salt Lake City C. P. Overfleld Salt Lake City Samuel Russel Salt Lake City J. S. Pransford Salt Lake City J. W. Burton Salt Lake City H. L. Neilson Mt. Pleasant J. D. Call Brigham City J . S. Cardon Logan A. L. Brewer Ogden J. H. Barnes Kaysville John McAndrew Vernal W. M. Roylance Provo T. N. Taylor Provo George C. Whitmore Nephi II. L. Neilson Mt. Pleasant E. M. Brown St. George Note One-half vote each. VERMONT. AT LARGE. Delegates. Alternates. Charles D. Watson St. Albans J. Walter Lyons Rutland \V. B. Mayo Nortnfield James J. Ford. Mont JH li< r Fred C. Martin Bennington John H. Donnelly Vergennes Bert E. Bullard Hardwick Ernest C. Clark Groton DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. 1 D. E. O'Sullivan Winooski J. D. Lane Benninnton Howard E. Shaw Stowe O. E. Luce Stowe 2 P. E. Adams. . .White River Jnc. H. P. Sanford Randolph Fred C. Luce Waterbury C. W. Locke Spriimiirid VIRGINIA. AT LARGE. Delegates. Alternates. Thomas S. Martin .... Charlottesville Holt Easloy Houston Claude A. Swanson Chatham W. E. Allen DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION* 117 Win. Hodges Mann Richmond A Stone Bristol II. D. Flood Appomattox Claude \V. Saunders Richmond It. E. Byrd Winchester J. M. Rauserman Woodstock R. Tate Irvine Big Stont- Cap S. Gordon Cummings Hampton H. St. George Tucker Lexington S. T. Montague Portsmouth Alfred B. Williams Roaaoke J. Peter Holland Norfolk Note One-half vote each. DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. 1 J. W. Bowdom Bloxom W, D. Evans Saluda Allan D. Jones. . .Newport News M. B. Rowe Fredericksburg 2 James V. Trehy Norfolk Robert B. Tunstall Norfolk W. H. Venablo Norfolk E. Frank Story Courtland Thos. H. Birdsong Courtland Park P. Dean Windsor W. I.. Bennett Portsmouth Note One-half vote each. 3 C. B. Cooke Richmond C. V. Carrington Richmond H. M. Smith Richmond Julian Gunn Richmond 4 J. M. Burke Petersburg W. B. Cox Sussex Court House E. C. Palmer Emporia R. L. Jeffries Clarksville 5 R. A. James Danville W. I). Duncan Whittlas T. L. Clark Stuart J. C. Padgett Independence G John M. Hart Roanoke A. M. Bowman Salem Granvil'e Craddock ....Houston Charles Craddock L/ynchburg 7 George B. Keezell.Keezell Town H. H. Downing Front Royal John M. Steck Winchester John W. Fishburne. . .Charlottesville F. W. Weaver Lurax R. H. Williamson Woodstock John S. White . . . Charlottesville P. H. O'Bannon Sperry ville Note One-half vote each. John A. Marshall. . . .Alexandria City 8 R. S. Cochran The Plains R. R. Buckley Clifton Geo. H. Rucker Rosslyn J. T. Holliday Orange 9 John W. Price Bristol John T. Gill Leesburg P. S. St. Clair Bane A. H. Williams Wytheville C. W.Bondurant.Pcnnington Gap E. T. Carter Gate City Mont Clark Honaker B. F. Buchanan Marion 10 Peyton Cochran Staunton O. E. Jordan Dublin A. E. Strode Amherst John Latane Lexington Thos. F. Ryan . Oak Ridge Pembroke Pettit Palmyra E. V. Barley Fincastle N. E. Spessard Newcastle Note One-half vote each. H. H. Byrd Warm Springs WASHINGTON. AT LARGE. Delegates. Alternates. John Shram Seattle J. W. Shorett Seattle Thomas R. Homer Seattle W. M. Lyter Seattle J. W. Black Everett II. C. Wallace Tacoma J. D. Fletcher Tacoma P. M. Troy Olympia E. A. Fitzhenry Port Angeles J. A. /ittel Spokane F. ( '. Robertson Spokane George Turner Spokane John F. Green Harrington H. M. Drumheller Spokane I). F. Shaser Cashmere I >. M. Rausch Pomeroy DISTRICTS. Delegates. 1 Will H. Merritt .'.Seattle Jeremiah Neterer . . . .Bellingham John D. Bird. . . Snohomish R. L. Davis Mount Vernon 2 M. A. Langhorne Tacoma J. A. Munday Vancouver Eldridge Wheeler Montesano Frank Donohue ....... .Chehalis 118 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE S_May Arkwright Hutton. .Spokane Alternates. Martin J. Maloney Colfax F. A. Hatfleld North Yakima W. A. Ritz Walla Walla Note Each delegate entitled to one-half vote. WEST VIRGINIA. Delegates. Alternates. Lawrence Tierney Wiley Beall Stuart W. Walker R. A. Welch William A. McCorkle ?. . Samuel Cain Henry G. Davis William Deegan Samuel Hays I. D. Morgan Joseph O'Brien Jeff Xewbury DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. 1 Andrew Edmundson R. G. Dakan Jerry A. Miller George Cnrtis 2 John T. McGraw Howard Swisher John J. Cornwall J. W. Dodd 3 Howard Ewert C. R. Summerfield A. S. Johnson F. M. Alderson E. II. Morton Mason Matthews W. O. Abney T. L. Bartless Each entitled to one-half vote. 4 L. M. Tavenner O. M. Chambers W. E. Raymond Samuel Hisson 5 Ashton File Dr. G. A. White George S. Wallace Bernard McClaugherty . WISCONSIN. AT LAKGE. Delegates. Alternates. R. B. Kirkland Jefferson J. J. Cunningham Janesville Patrick H. Martin Green Bay George C. Cooper Superior Win. F. Wolfe La Crosse T. L,. Cleary Plattevillo A. J. Schmitz Milwaukee Burt Williams Ashland DISTRICTS. Delegates. Alternates. 1 Jay W. Page Elkhorn Edward Walsh Waukosha George W. Gates Racine Matthew Lathers Beloit 2 Louis Bachhuber Belgium George Gottsacker Sheboygan W. J. Bichler Belgium Joseph Ott West Bond 3 John A. Aylward Madison A. G. Roetbe Highland E. C. Fiedler Mineral Point Michael O'Brien Shtillsbur<* 4 T. J. Fleming Milwaukee A. M. Gawin Milwaukee Michael Blenski Milwaukee W. W. M^Intyre Milwaukee 5 A. H. Koenitzer Milwaukee Max Hottolet' Milwaukee Lawrence McGreal . . . Milwaukee A. C. Dick Milwaukee 6 Gustav Kirst. . . . . . .Two Rivers D. F. Blfwett Fond du la. John F. Villwock Oshkos-i II. C. Truesdell.. Berlin 7 W. X. Wells Sparta J. F. Dunn Black River Falls Evan A. Evans Bamboo George A. Gross Merrimac 8 A. G. Pankow Marshfield Frank Regener Waunio M. Molina W. H. Hawkins 1 >omini:o Callaza W. C. Liller Henry W. Dooley D. M. Field 120 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE PERMANENT ORGANIZATION. MR. HAROLD H. DEAN, of Georgia: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of ihe Convention, your Committee on Permanent Organization beg leave to report as follows: 1. Your Committee unanimously recommend the election of Hon. Ollie M. James, of Kentucky, as Permanent Chairman. 2. We recommend the election of Hon. E. E. Britton. of North Caro- lina, as Permanent Secretary. 3. We recommend the election of Hon. TJrey Woodson, of Kentucky, is Associate Secretary. 4. We recommend the election of Mr. Milton W. Blumenberg of Washington, D. C., as Official Reporter. 5. We recommend the election of Hon. Carl Hutcheson, of Georgia, ind also all the other temporary assistants, together with Hon. Charles S. McDowell, of Alabama; Hon. Cy H. Lyle, of Tennessee; Hon. Charles F. Lynch, of New Jersey; Hon. Frank Lish, of North Dakota; Hon. A. O. Rule, of Missouri; Hon. Thomas J. Noctor, of Ohio; Hon. William P. Hayes, of Massachusetts; Hon. David E. Fitzgerald, of Connecticut; Hon. Clifford G. Beckham, of Texas; Hon. John F. Murray, of California; is permanent Assistant Secretaries. 6. That Hon. diaries A. White and Hon. Richard Kinsella be ek-dod Permanent Doorkeepers with all their assistants. 7. We recommend that Hon. J. I. Martin, the presen' Temporary Sergeant-at-Arms, be made the Permanent Sergeant-at-Ari -, and that Vis assistants be likewise elected Permanent Assistants. Respectfully submitted, THOMAS E. CUSHMAN, H. H. DEAN, Secretary: ' Chairman. I move the adoption of the report as read. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The question is on the adoption o^ the oport of the Committee on Permanent Organization. The report was agreed to. THE TEMPORARY CHAIRMAN: The Chair appoints as a Committee to ;onduct the Hon. Ollie M. James to the chair Mr. John H. Bankhead. of \labama: Mr. William Hughes, of New Jersey : Mr. Atlee Ponierene. of Ohio, and Mr. John. F. Fitzgerald, of Massachusetts. The Committee escorted Mr. Ollie M. James, of Kentucky, to the platform. THE TEMPORARY CHAIBMAN: Gentlemen of the Convention, I want DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 121 to thank you for your courtesy, your patience and your uniform kindness during the hours I have presided over this Convention. [Applause.] I now enjoy the greatest privilege of all that, perhaps, has come to me during the Chairmanship of this Convention, that of introducing to you one of the most distinguished leaders of the American Democracy, the Hon. Ollie M. James, of Kentucky. [Applause.] ADDRESS OF THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN (Mr. Ollie M. James, of Kentucky) : Fellow Democrats, words are inadequate for me to properly express the high appreciation of this great honor you have conferred upon me, that of presiding over a Convention not only to nominate the candidate of the Democracy of the United States for President, but to name the next President of this great Republic. [Cheers.] I know that I shall but bespeak your sentiment when I say that the Democracy of the nation and this Convention extend to that distinguished Democrat, Judge Parker, their high appreciation of the fair and impartial manner in which he has presided over this Convention. [Applause.] I rejoice with you, my fellow Democrats, in the hope of victory. It has been a hard fight for our party. It has been a long night, with but few stars, but now, thank God, the sun bursts over a thousand hills, spreading victory everywhere. [Applause and cheers.] I congratulate the Democrats of the nation upon the fortunate auspices under which we have assembled. Here no charge of bribery hovers above this hall, no cry of thief and robber is hurled by one fellow Democrat at another. No soldiers stand in reserve to keep us from each others throats. Our deliberations here shall be for the country's good, tolerant of each other's views, believing, as I do, that when the nominees are named by this Convention they will have back of them every loyal Democrat in the Republic, as well as the hearty support of progressives everywhere. The Democratic party is essentially a party of the people, because it is the people. It has fought a hard battle, when it seemed that night would never end and that day would never dawn; but the battle in the interest of the rights of the people they have con- tinued to make until we see the common enemy, the once great Repub- lii'an party, divided, distracted and torn asunder, while Democracy is united, harmonious and militant. [Applause.] There are two records that will be presented to the American people in the coming campaign for their consideration. One is the record of the Republican party with promises betrayed, arrogantly, defiantly be trayed, and the other is the record of the Democratic party of promises faithfully and honestly kept. [Applause.] The Republican party itself recognizing that President Taft has been unfaithful to the great mass of Americans, refused by an honest majority of the Convention to re- nominate him, :uid it was only brought about by the most wholesale, 122 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE conscienceless and deliberate unseating of delegates honestly elected that was ever perpetrated in American politics. The Kepublican party, flushed with many victories, imperious as a tyrant, unheeding the Je- mands of the people, took the reins of the government in 1908 under the solemn promise that they would revise the tariff in the interest of the consumer. Instead of keeping this promise as they should have done, because it was their bond of honor, they betrayed it. They raised the tariff higher than ever before until it reached its maximum of protection, being 47 per cent. - The story of this base betrayal is known to all men. The Democratic party appealed to the American people on their record in the Sixty-First Congress upon the Payne-Aldrich Tariff Bill, and received from them a verdict of guilty against the Republican party and the bestowal of power upon ourselves. How faithfully we have kept our promises to the people is but a resume of our official action. [Applause.] Having control of but one branch of the law-making power, the House of Representatives, we undertook to reform the tariff in the interest of the consuming pub- lic, believing as we do that it is a tax that is pkid by the consumer most generally to the trust or monopoly that is sheltered by it, sometimes to the Government; believing as we do that the right of taxation is a Governmental right, that it cannot be delegated to individuals, trusts, corporations or monopolies; believing as we do that the right to levy a tariff exists only for the purpose of running the Government economic- ally and efficiently administered, we presented the tariff question to the people in segregated form. First, we reduced the tariff upon woolen clothes 40 per cent. This was the one schedule that President Taft himself had said was too high, that it was only made possible by reason of the strength of the wool trust in the East and the wool growers in the West; but he could not veto it because he would have to veto all the other fourteen schedules of the Tariff Bill. This bill went to the Senate; and though it was con- trolled by the opposition party, we found sufficient assistance from the ranks of our opponents to pass it up to the President. The President returned it to the Congress of the United States with his veto, and assigned as his reason that he had no Tariff Board report, and was therefore uninformed upon the question, and for this reason returned it with' his disapproval. We undertook to pass this bill over his veto. Our Federal Constitu- tion requires two-thirds to accomplish this. , We had more than one hun- dred majority in favor of the passage of the bill, his veto to the con- trary notwithstanding. We lacked only eleven votes of having the neces- sary two-thirds to pass it through the House of Representatives over the President 's veto. And today the Wool Trust stands entrenched not be- hind a majority of the lawmakers of the Republic, but behind the veto of the President and the eleven more than one-third of the Representa- tives of the American people, picking the pockets of the shivering poor DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 123 and ragged people of America. [Applause.] The Eepublican party be- / came so arrogant, and so confident that this character of robbery would \ continue to meet the favor of the American people, that they boldly / wrote into their platform of 1908 a declaration that the tariff should : not only equal the difference in the cost of production at home and abroad, but should be high enough in addition to this to give a profit to I the manufacturer here. In all the history of the civilized governments no party ever became so defiant of the public will, or went so far as to say that all the rest of the people should be taxed and from their pockets taken a sufficient amount to give a profit to another class of people. They offered no profit to the farmer, though the drought might come and storms destroy and failure meet his efforts. The laborer was offered no profit. He might toil from early morn to late at night, and sleep in a humble tenement. He was guaranteed no profit by the Eepublican plat- form. The only class of our millions of Americans who were considered so peculiarly the favorites of the Eepublican party as to warrant them in declaring that the taxing power of the Government could be used to take from the pockets of men in other pursuits of life money suffi- cient to give a profit to their special favorites, the manufacturers. Nor were the American people taken into the confidence of the Eepublican party as to how great this profit might be, or how much watered stock it was to be paid upon or how inflated. The tax upon woolen goods is the most indefensible of all taxes laid upon the American consumer. It is a tax collected at the drugstore, and ; by the undertaking establishments. The wool bill was passed by the j Democratic House, and vetoed by the President, which would have saved to the consuming Americans upon the price of their clothing two hundred millions of dollars per annum, but the Wool Trust cried out to the President, and he unloosed the clutch that we had upon the throat of the wool monopoly by vetoing this bill, and returning it to Congress. When the veto of the Wool Bill was being considered, four members of the President's Cabinet, for the first time in a service of ten years that I have been there, appeared upon the floor as a mighty lobby with the patronage club in one hand and promises in the other to sustain the President's veto upon this bill. The Democratic party next passed a farmer's and laborer's free list bill, giving free untaxed meat and bread to hungry mouths, giving free farming implements to the tillers of the American soil, offering free lumber to the homeless of the Republic. This bill was so just that it found its way through the Senate, controlled by the opposition, and was passed on to the President. ' Notwithstanding the cost of living had in- creased more than 100 per cent in the last few years and the working- man 's wages had stood still ; notwithstanding non-meat-eating clubs were being formed in various cities of the United States by men, women and children denying themselves the food they desired and needed, as a pro- test against the Beef Trust; notwithstanding the Harvester Trust was 124 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE reaching its hands into the pockets of every farmer in America; not- withstanding the Lumber Trust was denying to millions of Americans the right to build homes that they could call their own, the President vetoed the bill and returned it to the Congress of the United States. We under- took to pass it over the President 's veto. We lacked less than a dozen votes of the sufficient number, and today the Harvester Trust, the Lum- ber Trust, the Beef Trust, all stand hidden behind President Taft and a dozen more than one-third of the American representatives in Congress, looting the pockets of the American consumers. President Taft has the lone and singular distinction of being the only President in the life of this Eepublic who ever vetoed bills cheapening clothing to the people, lumber to the homeless, and meat and bread to hungry Americans and free farming implements to the toiling farmer. This bill would have saved to the consuming public three hundred and fifty millions a year. [Applause.] The next bill we passed was the one reducing the tariff on cotton goods, which would have saved many million dollars to our people. This too met with the veto of the President. Then we offered to the American people a bill taking the tax off sugar, giving to them free sugar and placing an excise tax on all incomes in excess of five thousand dollars. This bill is now in the Senate of the United States unacted upon. I believe in free sugar. It will save every householder in this country two cents upon every pound of sugar. I believe in a tax upon incomes; I believe in an excise tax, and I deny that the people who are well-to-do, those who are rich, those who are so fortunate as to have their thousands pouring in every year, are unwilling to bear their part of the burden of taxation to sustain this mighty Government of ours. [Applause.] The platform adopted by one branch of the Eepublican party at Chicago endorses the vetoes of President Taft, yet at the same time they had to censure and condemn the record of from 30 to 100 Re- publicans in the House of Representatives who supported us in favor of the passage of these bills. The American people are told in the tariff plank recently adopted in Chicago that they want a report from the Tariff Board before any legislation is attempted. This is a motion for continuance from a guilty client, made by an expert criminal lawyer. [Applause.] Its sole purpose is delay. They want to take the power lodged by the Federal Constitution in the hands of the people's repre- sentatives away from them and place it in the hands of a Tariff Board appointed by the President of the United States whom he can dismiss at will. And upon the report of this Board the American people must depend for relief. Nothing was said about a Tariff Board report when the McKinley Bill was passed. A Tariff Board report was not thought necessary when the Dingley Bill was passed. We heard nothing from the Republican party in favor of a Tariff Board report when the Payne- Aldrich Tariff Bill was hurried through Congress, amid the cheers of every trust and monopoly in the land. When does a demand for the DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 125 report of a Tariff Board come to our ears? It is when the tariff has already been fixed so high that they know they can get it no higher, and if the people's representatives were allowed to 'speak, they would reduce it. Then we are told the Tariff Board must report; this great right of taxation must be taken out of the hands of the people and lodged in the hands of a Board of five men, and their report must be awaited by the suffering people of the United States. I believe in the rule of the people. I do not fear them. From their ranks has come every army that has fought for liberty in the history of the world. I am a progressive Democrat. In this age the people command and the leaders must obey. [Applause.] We passed through the House of Representatives a resolution sub- mitting an amendment to the Federal Constitution, providing for the election of United States Senators by direct vote of the people. This was in obedience to our promise in a former Democratic National plat- form. The Senate of the United States had become the rock against which remedial legislation in the interest of the people has been wrecked. Wealth has made that body its last stand, privilege was making it its rendezvous. We believed that the people ought to have the right to select their Senators directly as they do their members of Congress. And today the American people have before them this amendment to the Federal Constitution by reason of the courage, advocacy and support of Democracy. [Applause.] I believe the day is not distant when the Senate will be free and as responsive to the will of the people as the House of Representatives. We then passed through Congress a bill providing for publicity of campaign funds before, as well as after, election. This measure is now law, and both election of Senators by the people and publicity of ciiinpaign funds met the disapproval of the Republican Convention held in 1908 by more than 800 majority. We submitted to the country an amendment to the Federal Constitution providing for an income lax. We know that a hundred billions of our one hundred and thirty billions ; of wealth is escaping taxation for National purposes, and in keeping with our promise to the American people, we have submitted this just amendment to the Federal Constitution, which makes constitutional be- yond the fine-spun theories of learned lawyers the most just of all taxes levied upon men. [Applause.] And before the snow flies I believe that this amendment to the Federal Constitution will be endorsed by a suffi- cient number of States to make it a part of our Constitution. Then will come to the Democratic party the honor and" the glory of being the only political organization in the history of this Republic that ever amended the Federal Constitution in a hundred years save by the sword, [Applause.] I believe in the rigid enforcement of the Sherman Anti-Trust Law. I would not proceed against these great monopolies in equity, and when I found them guilty tell not to do so any more, or order them to divide 126 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE their army of pillage into separate marauding bands, but I would pro- ceed against them under the criminal statutes and place upon them the felon's stripes. [Applause.] I do not believe that a monopoly can be reasonable, and I would no more give to a trust the right to monopolize reasonably than I would give a thief the right to steal reasonably. [Applause.] These trusts must be destroyed. The American people know that they have grown up and have been fostered and encouraged by the Eepublican party and that they cannot rely upon that party to destroy them. They have no vested right. Wrong never did and never will have a vested right in this great, free and just Government. We are not opposed to big business. We recognize that in a biy country there must be big business; but we say with all the emphasis of our souls that big business, like little business, must obey the law. [Applause.] We would strike from these trusts every character of pro- tection. We would write a tariff law strictly for revenue only, and place the tax first upon the luxuries, and if that did not produce sufficient revenue, then upon the comforts of life, and lastly we would, if neces- sary, lay the burden of taxation upon the necessities of life. These infant industries must be weaned. [Applause.] Infants they began, but are today mighty giants, who have coalesced their strength to drive skyward the cost of living and oppress the people. The Republican plat- form adopted at Chicago upon the tariff and trust questions is a puzzle absolutely meaningless to the American people, but they may rest assured that to this puzzle the trusts hold the key. Their financial plank shows great anxiety to make it easy for the farmer to borrow money. It seems that they recognize that their rule of this country of sixteen years has made it necessary for the farmers to obtain credit. The Democratic party of this country never will consent that our finances shall be Aldrichized or controlled by the Money Trust, for they are yet in- spired by the thought that Old Hickory Jackson more than three- quarters of a century ago stood in front of the people's treasury and beat back these money changers. That spirit still lives in the heart of the American Democracy. [Applause.] President Taft did not take time to carry out, but he kicked out the Roosevelt policies. The atonement that Roosevelt offers the Ameri- can voters that he succeeded in deceiving by the election of President Taft is in presenting to them the one who made the mistake namely, himself. The American people fear he will be as much mistaken in himself as he was in President Taft. [Applause.] The atonement is not sufficient. If he wants to come with clean hands and a clear conscience, let him join with us, and do what ought to have been dons four years ago, elect a Democratic President. [Applause. | President Taft is joined to his idols. His administration presents the most melancholy spectacle in all our National life. Repudiated in the middle of his term by the election of a Democratic Congress, his re- nomination forced by the wholesale unseating of honest delegates, lie is DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 127 left-handed in both hands, does everything wrong, and most generally on Friday. Eoosevelt undertakes to achieve the Presidency by proclaiming himself the advocate of those policies which by denouncing he won the Presidency. [Applause.] Eoosevelt says Taft is too friendly with the trusts. President Taft says Roosevelt was too close to monopoly during his term and we believe them both. [Applause.] The progressive spirit that sweeps this country now is called by some the principles of the Progressives, by others the doctrine of the Insurgents, but back yonder, when a voice in the western wilderness cried out for them, they were called the vagaries of Bryan, the dreamer. [Applause.] However much we may differ in National Conventions upon minor questions, all just men must admit that the one living American whose name will shine in history, studded by a thousand flaming stars along beside that of Jefferson and Jackson, is that of William Jen- nings Bryan, of Nebraska. [Applause.] The Democratic Congress not only scotched Cannonism, but it killed it. They said we were unfriendly to the soldiers of the Union Army, that in our camps the fires of the Civil War still burned, that if given con- trol we would be neither just nor generous to these veteran heroes of the Civil War. But behold the record of the Democratic Congress still in session. It remained for us to give the most liberal pensions to these de- serving men in their declining years, that their old age might be nisi dp serene and bright. They charged that we would be unjust to them, now they say we were too generous. Nearly half a century after the war closed it remained for a Democratic Federal General to father the bill that did even-handed justice to the Federal soldiers. [Applause.] The war is over, and that flag, the brightest, dearest colors ever knit together in a banner of the free, waves above a united people, where it is loved by every heart and would be defended by every hand. And coming from the South as I do, I can say that if Abraham Lincoln were alive this night there is not a foot of soil under Dixie's sky upon which he might not pitch his tent and pillow his head upon a Confederate soldier's knee, and sleep, and sleep in safety there. [Applause.] EECESS. MR. A. MITCHELL PALMER, of Pennsylvania: Mr. Chairman, the next order of business is the presentation of nominees for the office of President ; and it being desirable that all names should be presented at the same session, and the delegates to this Convention having been upon the floor nearly four hours, I move that the Convention take a recess until 8 o'clock this evening. MR. JERRY C. SOUTH, of Arkansas: Mr. Chairman, I move as a sub- stitute that the Convention proceed to nominate a candidate for Presi- dent. Let us vote down the motion to take a recess, and let us do business. 128 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The question is on the motion of the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Palmer] that the Convention take a recess until 8 o'clock this evening. The motion was agreed to, and [at 3 o'clock and 56 minutes p. m.] the Convention took a recess until 8 o'clock p. m. EVENING SESSION. At the expiration of the recess the Convention reassembled. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The ('onvt-ntion will be opened with prayer by Bev. J. Boss Stevenson, Pastor of the Brown Memorial Church, of Baltimore. PRAYER OP REV. J. ROSS STEVENSON. REV. J. Ross STEVENSON, pastor of Brown Memorial Church. Balti more, Md., offered the following prayer: Almighty God, the King of kings and the Lord of lords, who hath made of one every nation, having determined their appointed seasons and the bounds of their habitation. Thou hast gathered our people into a great nation whose power for right extends to the ends of the earth. Looking to Thee, the source of all authority and blessing, deepen, we pray Thee, the root of our life in everlasting righteousness and let not the crown of our pride be as a fading flower. Make us equal to our high trusts reverent in the use of freedom, just in the exercise of power, generous in the defense of weakness. May the wisdom and power which come from a strong trust in Thee be the stability of our times that the gains of our industry may be upright, the use of our wealth consider- ate and our prosperity represent the highest measure of virtue and happi- ness. We thank Thee for the succession of legislators and rulers who have been taught the wisdom of Thy kingdom and whose example has been a power for good in the life of the nation ; and we pray Thee to strengthen and sustain with Thine Almighty Hand all who strive to govern and guide our fellowmen in Thy fear and Thy love. Thou dost instruct us to select as rulers able men, such as fear God men of truth, hating unjust gain, and we pray that this Convention may be so under Thy direction that its nomination may record Thy choice and contribute to the establishment of truth and good will. Endue all who take part in this night 's proceedings with a right understanding a pure purpose, sound speech that cannot be condemned, and enable each one of us to rise above all self-seeking, loc?l prejudice and sectional zeal into the larger sentiments of public good and human brotherhood, and government of the people and for the people and by the people. For Thine is the kingdom and the power and the glory forever. Amen. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 129 J. PIERPONT MORGAN, THOMAS F. RYAN AND AUGUST BELMONT. MR. WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN, of Nebraska: Mr. Chairman, I understand that the rules under which we are acting require that reso- lutions be referred to the Committee on Resolutions. I have a resolu- tion which I think ought to be acted upon before we begin the nomina- tions. I therefore ask unanimous consent for its immediate considera- tion. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Is there objection to the unanimous consent asked for by the gentleman from Nebraska? SEVERAL DELEGATES: What is the resolution? THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Is there objection to the reading of the resolution? [After a pause:] The Chair hears none. The gentle- man from Nebraska (Mr. BRYAN) will read the resolution. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: My resolution is as follows: "Resolved, That in this crisis in our party's career and in our coun- try's history" this convention PTi r1g g^ppti^g to tbr rrnpl" if th" TTnitfH StdM, and dbiJLlI'l'b Ilium that the pailj uf JLU"UJUII and of Jaokgon ia gtill-Hm f.hnmpinn nf pnpnlnn gnvrniTunnnt nnrl equality hpfnrp tho Iflw As proof of cur fidelity to the penplo, we hereby declare ourselves opposed to the nomination of any candidate for president who is the representa- tive of or under obligation to J. Pierpont Morgan, Thomas F. Ryan, August Belmont, or any other member of the privilege-hunting and favor-seeking class. "Be it further resolved, That we demand the withdrawal from this convention of any delegate or delegates constituting or representing the above-named interests. ' ' THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Is there objection to the immediate consideration of the resolution? If there is objection, it takes two- thirds to suspend the rules. MR. THOMAS J. SPELLACY, of Connecticut: I object.' MR. LUKE LEA, of Tennessee: Mr. Chairman, I rise to a question of information. So that this convention may know that it is a duly accredited delegate who objects, I ask that the objector give his name. MR. SPELLACY, of Connecticut: Thomas J. Spellacy, of Connecticut, objects; and moves that the resolution be referred to the Committee on Resolutions. MR. JAMES V. COLEMAN, of California: As a delegate from Cali- fornia, I do not think it is the duty of this convention to throw dirt upon anybody. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: Objection having been made to unani- mous consent, I move to suspend the rules and pass the resolution at this time. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman from Nebraska moves to suspend the rules and pass the resolution. According to the rules 130 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE under which we are now operating, it takes two-thirds to suspend the rules. The question is, shall the rules be suspended and the resolution passed? MR. A. W. GILCHRTST, of Florida: Mr. Chairman, I rise to a point jQf order. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman will state his point of order. MR. GILCHRIST, of Florida: I raise the point of order that above all things else for which the Democratic party has stood, the first is home rule and the right of the states to govern themselves. I have been in- formed that a great state of this nation, Virginia, the great mother of Presidents, has seen fit to elect as a delegate to this convention one of the men named in this resolution. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: One moment. Governor Gilchrist will state his point of order first. The argument will come afterward. MR. GILCHRIST, of Florida : I make the point of order that when a state has elected delegates to this convention, we have no right to go behind the election of delegates made by a sovereign state of this nation. [Applause.] THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair holds that this convention is a sovereign body, and can, by suspending the rules, do whatever it desires. Therefore the motion is in order. . Under the rules each side is entitled to twenty minutes for debate. MR. EMMETT O'NEAL, of Alabama: Mr. Chairman, it is the right of every delegate to hear what the resolution contains, and I ask that it be read again, so that every member of this Convention can vote intelli- gently upon it. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman from Nebraska will read the resolution. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: I will read the resolution again: "Resolved, That in this crisis in our party's career and in our coun- try's history, this Convention sends greeting to the people of the United States, and assures them that the party of Jefferson and of Jackson is still the champion of popular government and equality before the law. As proof of our fidelity to the people, we hereby declare ourselves opposed to the nomination of any candidate for President who is the representa- tive of or under obligation to J. Pierpont Morgan, Thomas F. Ryan, August Belmont, or any other member of the privilege-hunting and favor- seeking class. Be it further "Resolved, That we demand the withdrawal from this Convention of any delegate or delegates constituting or representing the above-named interests. ' ' MR. J. RANDOLPH ANDERSON, of Georgia: Mr. chairman, I move to lay the resolution upon- the table. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The gentleman is out of order. The EMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 131 gentleman from Nebraska (Mr. Bryan) moves to suspend the rules and pass the resolution, and has the floor for the purpose of debate. MR. DAVID E. FITZGERALD, of Connecticut: Mr. Chairman, a ques- tion for information. Do I understand that Mr. Kyan of Virginia and Mr. Belmont of New York are delegates here in this Convention? THE PERMAXEXT CHAIRMAN: That is not a parliamentary inquiry. The gentleman can ascertain that for himself by looking at the printed list of delegates. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: Members of this Convention, this is an extraordinary resolution;" but extraordinary conditions need extraordi- nary remedies. We are now engaged in the conduct of a convention that will place before this country the Democratic nominee, and I assume that every delegate in this convention is here because he wants that nominee elected. [Applause.] It is in order that we may advance the cause of our candidate that I present this resolution. There are questions of which a court takes judicial notice, and there are subjects upon which we can assume that the American people are informed. There is not a delegate in this convention who does not know that an effort is being made right now to sell the Democratic party into bondage to the predatory interests of this nation. It is the most brazen, the most insolent, the most impudent attempt that has been made in the | history of American politics to dominate a convention, stifle the honest ; sentiment of a people and make the nominee the bond-slave of the men who exploit the people of this country. [Applause.] I need not tell you that J. Pierpont Morgan, Thomas F. Ryan and August Belmont are three of the men who are connected with the great money trust of this country, who are as despotic in their rule of the business of the country, and as merciless in their command of their slaves, as any man in the country. [Applause.] Some one has suggested that we have no right to discuss the x dele- gates who come here from a sovereign State. MR. GILCHRIST, of Florida: I said that. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: I reply that if these men are willing to insult six and a half million Democrats, we ought to speak out against them, and let them know we resent the insult. [Applause.] I for ono am not willing that Thomas F. Ryan and August Belmont shall come here with their paid attorneys and seek secret counsel with the managers of this party. [Applaus%.] And no sense of politeness i or courtesy to such men will keep me from protecting my party from the disgrace that they inflict upon us. [Applause.] My friends, I cannot speak for you. Yon have your own responsi- : bility; but if this is to be a convention run by these men, if our nominee ' is to be their representative and tool. T pray you to give us, who repre- sent constituencies that do not want this, a chance to go on record with j our prottst against it. [Applause.] If any of you are willing to nomi- nate a candidate who represents these men, or who is under obligation to 132 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE these men, do it and take the responsibility. I refuse to take that responsibility. [Applause.] Some have said that we have not a right to demand the withdrawal of delegates from this convention. I will make you a proposition. One of these men sits with New York and the other sits with Virginia. I make you this proposition: If the State of New York will take a poll of her delegates, and a majority of them not Mr. Murphy, but a ma- jority of the delegates on a roll call, where her delegates can have their names recorded and printed do not ask for the withdrawal of the name of Mr. Belmont ; and if Virginia will on a roil call protest against the withdrawal of Mr. Ryan, I will then withdraw the last part of the reso- ; lution, which demands the withdrawal of these men from the Conven- ; tion. I will withdraw the last part, on the request of the State delega-. tions in which these gentlemen sit; but I will not withdraw the first part, which demands that our candidate shall be free from entanglement with them. [Applause.] !MR. HENRY D. FLOOD, of Virginia: May I interrupt the gentleman? THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Does the gentleman from Nebraska yield to the gentleman from Virginia? MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: Certainly. MR. FLOOD, of Virginia: In the name of the sovereign State of i Virginia, which has 24 votes on this floor, I accept the insolent propo- i sition made by the only man in this convention who wants to destroy j the prospect of Democratic success. [Applause.] MR. JAMES K. VARDAMAN, of Mississippi: Gentlemen of the Con- vention, I sincerely hope that the members of this organization will preserve order while the discussion of this question, so vital to the Democracy of America, proceeds. You cannot settle anything by the use of your throats. The time has arrived in the history of this organization when reason, good common sense and moderation should control the deliberations of this body. We cannot afford to permit this opportunity, which the Democracy now enjoys, to be squandered. I think the resolution which has been presented to you by Mr. Bryan contains in part some merit. I most heartily approve the first part of the resolution. I do not want you, nor would I have this convention trench upon the rights of the States in the selection of delegates [applause] ; but I also agree with him that the fewer we have of the class he named, the better it will be for Democracy in November. [Applause.] I ' am goiug to ask you to be quiet and preserve order while Mr. Bryan makes a statement to the Convention. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: I yield to Mr. Price, of Virginia. MR. JOHN W. PRICE, of Virginia: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, on behalf of the sovereign State of Virginia, we pro- test as to the latter part of the resolution, but no one will accede more DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONTENTION heartily and more thoroughly to the first part of the resolution than the State of Virginia. Virginia has always been able to control her own internal affairs. [Applause.] She has never yet asked aid or help from any outside influence. [Applause.] If there are undesirable citizens on the dele- gation from Virginia, Virginia will take that responsibility. [Ap- plause.] Last night on the Ohio resolution there were only three and one-half votes against sustaining the minority report, and today on the Utah resolution it was unanimous. Virginia is able to right her wrongs and demand her rights at the hands of this Convention. [Ap- plause.] Mr. Bryan has very kindly yielded me this moment, and he will now make his own statement. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: I shall modify my proposition to this extent: Virginia has notified me, through two of her representatives, that she desires the last part of this resolution withdrawn as to her. If a delegate authorized to speak for New York will rise and ask that the last part of the resolution be withdrawn [Cries of " No ! "] Does New York ask the withdrawal of the last part of the resolution? [Cries of "No!"] MR. BRYAN F. MAHAN, of Connecticut: Let the gentleman himself withdraw it. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska : I prefer to give New York the oppor- tunity. I yield the floor to the opposition, reserving what time I have left to close the discussion. ME. WILLIAM A. MCCORKLE, of West Virginia: Mr. Chairman, am I at liberty to say a few words upon this resolution at this time? THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman is recognized. MR. MCCORKLE, of West Virginia: Gentlemen of the Convention, in great crises in the history of a party or a country, men are dis- tressed at their inferiority of ability to discuss these great questions. I am a plain mountain man, from a mountain State which has been combatting the forces of Eepublicanism hopelessly and almost help- lessly for twenty years, under the leadership of Mr. Bryan. [Applause.] It seemed that the time had now come when, in the language of the eloquent and distinguished chairman of this convention, we could see the starlight of hope breaking through the darkness of this long night. Sirs, I do not personally know one of the gentlemen named in this resolution. I have no interest in common with those which they have. The resolution of itself is one upon which all Democrats may meet; but, my friends, when they do meet it must be under circumstances that demand it. The Democratic party has never in its history been controlled by any interest. [Applause.] Today the Democratic party does not believe in control by these gentlemen, or any interest con- nected with them. [Applause.] But that is not the proposition. When Mr. Bryan's resolution goes to the country, it goes with the idea that, the Democratic party is contra-disposed to any of the material interests 134 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE of this country. While we are not disposed to allow this party to be controlled by any interest, I appeal to every Democrat within the sound of my voice, upon his good sense and upon his discretion, and upon the reason of the matter, is not the resolution a senseless and foolish one? [Applause.] I know that it will be heralded in the morning that I am for the interests; but, fellow Democrats, a man who is not willing to walk to the front and take his political life in his hand in order ip save his party, is not worthy of a place on this floor. [Applause.] Therefore it seems to me that now, when the whole heart and soul of the Demo- cratic party is in success, when it seems that the hour has come when we can scourge the money changers out of the temple, if they are there, the time has come when the Democratic party with its principles of honesty and justice can do right, after it has so long been powerless; it seems, under the circumstances, that this resolution can only provoke strife and trouble, and put success, farther away than it was half an hour ago. [Applause.] Oh, men of the Democratic party, when we meet here tonight in this assemblage it is for the purpose of deliberation, and deliberation means compromise; and fair, decent compromise, whose principle is not destroyed, is what the Democratic party demands today. Therefore, I hope that it will be the decision of this Convention, looking to the fact that we must recognize the good, honest, substantial interests of this country which the intendment of this resolution drives away from us, to vote down this resolution. [Applause.] And when we ask that the resolution be defeated, it is not for the purpose of telling the country and the world that we are tied to the chariot wheels of these men whom Mr. Bryan mentions in his resolution, but it is intended to say to the world that now is not the time for such a resolution. Ah, gentlemen, let us compromise a few things when we do not compromise principle, and let us go along here as we have gone along for sixteen years, and do some of the things that are sensible, instead of flying in the teeth of all the things which conservatism and care and progress demand at our hands. [Applause.] I hope that this dis- tinguished gentleman will see better. I hope that he will conclude that this Convention agrees w y ith him when he asks that it shall not tie itself to the w : heels of the chariot of the gentlemen he mentioned ; but this resolution is not needed here tonight. [Applause] because we will speak tomorrow through our great Platform Committee, which will enunciate the principles we love, and which we believe should be the announced principles of this Convention. Therefore, gentlemen, not belonging to the predatory interests, not believing in control by the predatory interests, but believing in the wisdom which looks at the sensible view of a political as well as any other situation, I ask and hope that this Convention will have the i>i;MocitATic NATIONAL CONVENTION courage, the character, the manhood and the statesmanship to vote clown this resolution. [Applause.] Mi:. FLOOD, of Virginia: I simply want to supplement the state- ment I made by correcting the impression that Mr. Bryan 's subsequent statement must have made upon this Convention. We of Virginia did not ask anything of Mr. Bryan. We do not feel that we have to go to him to get him to vise our delegation. [Applause.] A convention of 1,000 Virginians, as honest men as William J. Bryan ever was, and as good Democrats as he ever can be [applause] elected Mr. Thomas F. Eyan, without a dissenting voice, as one of the delegates to represent Virginia in this Convention. [Applause.] When this remarkable resolution was read I came to the platform at the suggestion of the Virginia delegation to protest against it. Mr. Bryan proposed to withdraw it if the Virginia delegates protested against it. I took that as a challenge from him, to mean that he inferred that our delegation would not protest against it; and I said that in the name of the Virginia delegation I accepted the insolent proposition made by the only man in this country who wishes to destroy the Democratic party. [Applause.] I simply meant to accept his challenge. I am glad he decided to withdraw that part of the resolution which we consider reflects upon the integrity, honor and manhood of the State of Virginia. [Applause.] But we would never have asked it, and we were ready to stand here and submit to this great Convention the question whether they would cast such an ignominious reflection upon the splendid Democracy of Virginia as to adopt any such foolish resolution. [Applause.] MR. BRYAX. of Nebraska: Mr. Chairman and delegates, it was not necessary that the gentleman from Virginia should deliver a eulogy of that State. That is the State in which my father was born, and I would be the last man to reflect upon it. [Applause.] I know the Democrats of Virginia, and four years ago they refused to allow their leading public men to act as delegates, unless they consented to go instructed for my third nomination. It is not necessary for me to defend my own Democracy. My friends, when my reputation as a Democrat needs to be defended, my reputation as a Democrat will not be worth defending. My reputation as a Democrat will not be worth defending whenever it becomes neces- sary for me to defend it against a charge made by a friend of Thomas F. Ryan. I now withdraw the latter part of the resolution, for I do not intend that any member of this Convention shall shield his negative vote, against the principal part of the resolution, by hiding behind the latter part of it. [Applause.] I intend that the men who think the first part of this resolution is either wrong or unnecessary shall have a chance to say so on roll call. In answer to the argument of the gentleman from West Virginia I 136 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE (Mr. McCorkle) that this question ought not to be brought up now for fear of disturbing harmony, I present him the Bible doctrine and 1 challenge him to deny, if he can ' ' If thy right hand offend thee, cut it off;" and I am sure that if it is worth while to cut off the right hand to save the body, it is worth while to cut off Morgan, Kyan and Belmont to save the Democratic party. [Applause.] THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair now presents the Hon. Lewis Ni?on, of New York. MR. LEWIS NIXON, of New York: Fellow delegates and Demo- crats, the sovereign State of New York, with a befitting sense of self- respect, does not ask and does not request that any part of this reso- lution be withdrawn. We demand a vote. [Applause.] MR. THOMAS J. SPELLACY, of Connecticut: Mr. Chairman, I ask that the resolution in the form in which it is now offered by the gentleman from Nebraska be read. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The resolution will be read as it is now offered for consideration by the Convention, the latter part of it having been withdrawn. MB. NIXON, of New York: Mr. Chairman, I rise to a point of order. The gentleman cannot withdraw a part of this resolution without unanimous consent. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair overrules the point of order. The resolution as now offered will be read to the Convention. MR. SPELLACY, of Connecticut: I ask for the reading of the whole resolution. MR. E. L. WILLIAMS, of Oklahoma: Mr. Chairman, I rise to a point of order. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman will state it. MR. WILLIAMS, of Oklahoma: The point of order is that the motion to suspend the rules is the only motion before the house. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair is about to have the reso- lution which is before the house read. The motion is to suspend the rules and pass the resolution. The secretary read the resolution as follows: "Resolved, That in this crisis in our party's career aad in our country's history this Convention sends greeting to the people of the United States, and assures them that the party of Jefferson and of Jackson is still the champion of popular government and equality before the law. As proof of our fidelity to the people we hereby declare ourselves opposed to the nomination of any candidate for President who is the representative of, or under any obligation to J. Pierpont Morgan, Thomas F. Kyan, August Belmont, or any other member of the privilege-hunting and favor-seeking class." MR. JAMES K. VARDAMAN, of Mississippi: Mr. Chairman and gen- tlemen of the Convention, we understand that the question before the I DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL i INVENTION 137 house is not the adoption of the resolution, but that it is to suspend the rules for the introduction of the resolution. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Oh, no; the motion is to suspend the rules and adopt the resolution. On that motion the secretary will call the roll. MR. W. W. BRANDON, of Alabama: Mr. Chairman, a point of order. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The gentleman will state it. MR. BRANDON, of Alabama: Is it in order to move to suspend the rules to put the resolution upon its passage? THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: We are operating under the rules of the House of Eepresentatives of the Sixty-second Congress. The motion is to suspend the rules and pass the resolution. ME. BRANDON, of Alabama : The motion being in that form, what vote of the Convention does it take? THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: It takes a vote of two-thirds of the Convention to agree to the motion. The secretary will call the roll. The Secretary having called the roll, the result was announced yeas 883, nays 201^, not voting 3^, as follows: Number Not States and Territories. of votes. Yeas. Nays, voting*. Alabama ' 24 24 Arizona 6 5 1 Arkansas 18 18 California 26 15 11 Colorado 12 7 5 Connecticut 14 12 2 Delaware 6 6 Florida 12 7 5 Georgia 28 . . 28 Idaho 8 8 Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 27 2 1 Iowa 26 24$ 1 Kansas 20 20 Kentucky 26 3$ 22i Louisiana 20 11 9 Maine 12 .. 19 1 Maryland 16 3 12* $ Massachusetts 36 33 3 Michigan 30 9 21 Minnesota 24 24 Mississippi 20 20 Missouri 36 34 2 Montana . 8 8 138 OFFICIAL PEOCKKDINCS OF Tin: Number Not States and Territories. of votes. Yeas. Nays, voting. Nebraska 16 16 . . Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 7 1 New Jersey 28 24 4 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 * North Carolina 24 21 3 North Dakota ] 10 Ohio 48 30 17* 4 Oklahoma 20 20 Oregon 10 9 1 Pennsylvania 76 60 16 Khode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 18 South Dakota 10 10 Tennessee 24 11 13 Texas 40 40 Utah 8 4$ 3 Vermont 8 8 .Virginia 24 23J .. \ Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 13 3 Wisconsin 26 26 .. Wyoming 6 3 3 Alaska 6 6 District of Columbia '. 6 6 Hawaii 6 6 Porto Eico . 6 6 Total number of delegates 1,088 883 20U 3J Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Upon the motion of the gentleman L from Nebraska to suspend the rules and pass the resolution, the yeas ire 883, the nays 201; two-thirds voting in the affirmative, the rules are suspended and the resolution agreed to. NOMINATION OF CANDIDATES FOB PRESIDENT. MR. G. F. MENZIES, of Indiana: Mr. Chairman, I move .that we now proceed immediately to the nomination of candidates for President. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Under the order of business already adopted, the Chair directs that the roll of States be called for the pur- pose of i rrt>iving nominations of candidates for President. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 139 Ma. MENZIES, of Indiana: I move that the nominating siKvcheg be limited to thirty minutes and the second speeches to five minutes. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman from Indiana moves that the nominating speeches be limited to thirty minutes and the sec- onding speeches to five minutes. The question is on agreeing to the motion. The motion was agreed to. MR. WILLIAM ,J. STONE, of Missouri : Mr. Chairman, as I under- stand, the resolution reported by the Committee on Eules was adopted by the Convention, fixing the time to be occupied by speakers. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Senator from Missouri is right. It fixes the iime at thirty minutes. MR. STONE, of Missouri: Then does this motion annul the resolution? THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: It does -not, because it is the very same thing that was contained in the report of the Committee on Eules and Order of Business, except that it limits the seconding speeches to five minutes. The secretary will call the roll. The secretary proceeded to call the roll. MR. EMMETT O'NEAL, of Alabama: (When the State of Alabama was called.) Mr. Chairman, Hon. William B. Bankhead will speak for the State of Alabama. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : I take pleasure in presenting to the Convention Hon. Wm. B. Bankhead, of Alabama. NOMINATING SPEECH OF WILLIAM B. BANKHEAD. MR, WILLIAM B. BANKHEAD, of Alabama: Mr. Chairman and gen- tlemen of the Convention, this magnificent convention is prophetic of Democratic victory in November. The Republican party has become, in the hours of its present degeneracy, the embodiment of complacent incompetency and broken faith. Asserting itself to be the protector of labor and the custodian of all political virtue, much of the reward that has come to those who trusted in its integrity has been to observe the uniform regularity with which the fruits of labor have been gathered as dividends by illegal combina- tions in restraint of trade. Commissioned with a new lease of power in the last national election by the votes of those who relied upon the declarations of its platform for relief from intolerable economic conditions, the sum total of its achievements has been the further impoverishment of the poor plus a placid tariff board whose deliberations give no reasonable promise of relief from the present unbearable burdens. The conflict between the arrogance of the standpatteis and the vehemence of the so-called pro- gressives of that party has furnished convincing proof thai it is either deaf to the promptings of new political duty, or that on the other hand, 140 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE in its greed for power, it is eager to bind itself to rush recklessly forth in directions where disaster will certainly await the Eepublic. For months the people of this country and of all countries have been confronted by the humiliating spectacle of a former President and the present Chief Executive of the United States engaged in a tirade of recriminations, in which the vocabulary of Billingsgate has been ex- hausted, the best traditions of controversy forgotten and the high ideals of statesmanship thrown to the winds. One benefit has come from it all, however, in that ample proof has been forthcoming, varying only in kind and degree, to sustain the con- tentions of both factions of the opposition, and to convince intelligent and discriminating men that when the recognized leaders of the Repub- lican party thus fall foul of one another, there has come the dawning of that good day when the people are to restore to full power and re- sponsibility' the Democratic party, which has made it evident that it intends to serve the real interests of the people if given full opportunity to redeem its solemn pledges. [Applause.] And little wonder was it that the people, scourged from power in the House of Representatives that party which forgot its promises, promoted increase in the cost of living by acceding to the never satisfied deuands of the special interests ; and that the people were prepared to turn again for equality of opportunity to the great Democratic principles of Thomas Jefferson, Andrew Jackson, Samuel J. Tilden and Grover Cleveland. [Applause.] We challenge the opposition, however resourceful it may be in sophism, to successfully deny that every essential pledge of the last Democratic platform has been abundantly kept in spirit and in letter by the Demo- cratic Congress and would be in force and effect today as the law, but for the indefensible opposition and brutal veto power of a Republican President. The acts of the Democratic party have appealed to the conscience and judgment of the country as wise, conservative and yet safe and pro- gressive. Its record has not been that of vacillation either in promise or performance, and while it has gone forward in progress it has not departed from the best traditions which we as a people cherish. [Ap- plause.] And though success, under right conditions, is within our grasp, never has it been more essential than now for us to nominate our best and strongest man, one who will attract the confidence and insure the enthusiastic support not only of our party but of that large body of Republican voters who are out of sympathy with the acts and tendencies of their party, and who are seeking to avoid the dangers which, under the supremacy of Republican rule, threaten not only the prosperity but the security of the Republic. There is no safety, however, in the experi- ment of picking our nominee in haphazard fashion from among those who possess this or that special gift, engaging as it may be, unless it DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 141 has some intimate relation to the requirements of an exacting campaign, to the chief issue before the people and to the duties and needs of our greatest executive office. [Applause.] If any intelligent, loyal Democrat entertains doubts as to what rhat paramount issue is, that part of the platform just adopted dealing with this question should resolve all his doubts. Renewing its strength and vigor by dedicating itself once more, as it has done in that platform, to its articles of faith and principles, the Democratic party, true to its best traditions as the servant of the people, has pledged itself to a revi- sion of the tariff, fair to the manufacturer but fair also to the consumer and the public, whereby an end shall be put to existing inequalities and injustices. [Applause.] There are other issues, but for the time our platform makes it clear they are subordinate. And the spirit as well as the letter of this part of the platform shows conclusively that the indus- trial interests of the country will be safe and prosperous too, in Demo cratic hands. [Applause.] So unjust is the present tariff that no one, Democrat or Republican, today dares rise up and defend its further continuance, for it stands for industrial favoritism and industrial bondage, and for a prosperity which is merely artificial and spasmodic, and not real and enduring. Let us then start our campaign for righteousness by an act which will be proof to all that we do not propose to "Keep the word of promise to the ear and break it to the hope"; but that, as we stand for that great issue, we stand for the great man who has made that issue pos- sible, and whose great privilege it was and whose advantage it now is, that he led a courageous, unfaltering fight against the redoubts behind which lay entrenched the present tariff inequality. [Applause.] What manner of man then shall this convention raise up to be its standard bearer? He should be one who stands four square to every test of moral, mental and physical equipment who has that fibre of independence that makes it impossible for him to break faith with him- self or his fellowman ; that quality of mind that enables him to see "the near side of far things and the far side of jjear things"; that quality of manhood, character and intelligence so nicely developed as to enable him to discharge with dignity and credit the exacting and delicate public duties of the Chief Executive. [Applause.] He should have had political training and experience, for these are almost as essential qualifications in a nominee for the Presidency as are the clinic and class-room for the physician and surgeon. Without any pretentious parade of the virtue, he should be progressively conservative and conservatively progressive, moving forward as the uncompromising foe of crude, cheap experiment along lines whose direction has been established by safe and tried precedents not having for his chief stock- in-trade the smug satisfaction of the standpatter, nor, on the other hand, merely conspicuous as the sponsor for strange and subversive doctrine. He must be a man who has not tied the ship which he commands to OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE the wharves of party or political tradition to rot there, but be ever ready to sail on to new havens, but always without discarding chart and compass for the voyage. He must be well-balanced, thoughtful, delib- erative; and yet, in ability to inspire enthusiasm among his fellows, be a natural leader of men. While he must be popular, he must posses? that enduring popularity which has for its sure foundation established character and true worth; and he must be ready to serve in command or in the ranks, and be able to truthfully say what a distinguished Demo- cratic statesman once said in electric phrase, when asking for worthy men to join him in a great struggle for reform : "I will lead where any one shall dare to follow, and I will follow where anyone shall dare to lead." [Applause.] He must have that wisdom which comes not alone from books, but from a life among men. No breath of scandal must ever come near him to tarnish a bright record, for he must be the soul of great honor, and have been weighed in the balance and not found wanting; he must be a man courageous but not foolhardy, who in his acts takes counsel of his better* judgment ; not seeking the applause of the moment, but willing, to find the defense for his conduct in the calm verdict of his fellowmen and in the approval of his own conscience. [Applause.] Eegardful of the rights of labor and of capital, he must be ready not only to apply the knowledge he has gained through old experience to present emergencies, but to recognize that "New occasions teach new duties, and time makes ancient good uncouth." He must feel the throb- bings of that great pulse of humanity that is quickening the hopes ami aspirations of the world, having done and being always ready to do. what lies in his power to sec to it that in the path of men who labor with hand or brain, there shall be interposed no unfair obstacle to keep them from bettering their condition and reaching those heights from which they may be enabled to see inspiring visions. He must be % one who by deed as well as by word has taught the gospel of co-operation among men, and never been content with the spurious substitute of mer^ charity as a kind of peace offering or penance from those who have profited by the unfair advantages of discriminating laws, to those de- prived of that opportunity. He must have the capacity to win great honors for the Democratic party, and so establish it in the public confi dence that the people will grant to it a long tenure of office. Judged by the qualifications suggested, by his demonstrated ability. extraordinary sagacity and capacity for leadership, I shall presently present the name of that Democrat who would not only fill but grace the Presidential chair. He was born in Kentucky, spent his youth in Minnesota and now, at the full meridian of capacity for public service, resides in Alabama. So that, by the ties of birth, youthful association and present residence, he appeals to every type of voter in all parties that believes that this country must now, at the cross-roads of its des- tiny, choose a man -whose equipment is broad enough to include a deep DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 143 and abiding interest in whatever is for th'> best interests of American citizens and of American institutions. His availability as a candidate cannot be questioned. It is gratifying to those who know the generous hearts of the American people to appre- ciate the fact that sectional differences are forgotten, and the once-called Mason and Dixon 's line has long since been tramped out by the foot- steps of friendly intercourse and commercial relations. When the Con- gress of the United States, imbued with a splendid spirit of sectional reconciliation, recently made a generous appropriation for the expenses of the joint re-union of the survivors of the Army of the North and the Army of the Ciinfederacy. to be held next July on the historic heights of Gettysburg, surely has come the day when the last semblance of sec- tional feeling has departed from the hearts of men. When bivouacked around the camp fires on Cemetery Hill the grizzled veterans of Grant and Lee shall send towards the night-hushed skies the swelling chorus of the "Battle Hymn of the Republic," I imagine that a Benign Deity will breathe upon that hallowed scene a benediction and a blessing [Applause.] Our candidate is a master of every detail of tariff legislation, upon which hangs our reasonable hope of relief from insufferable conditions. It is logical to put him in command of the forces in that battle where his brilliant achievements have already created Democracy's opportunity and redeemed Democratic pledges. Nominate him, and the platform, instead of being so much party declaration, will become the creed of a waiting people, who believe of the unjust trusts what Isaiah believed of the princes and elders: "It is ye who have eaten up the vineyard, and the spoil of the poor is in your houses." Nominate him, because his sterling reputation is not the creation of a day or night, but the sure and steady growth of eighteen years of splendid service in Congress, culminating in conceded party leadership, never sleeping upon his watch and never faithless to the best interests of his party or to American institutions. Nominate him primarily because, with the foresight of a patriotic statesman, he has fought, and will continue to fight, for a lower cost of living, for an equal opportunity for all men through the enactment of a now and righteous tariff. And when the sound of the trumpet that calls him to lead our party to victory shall be heard in the land, even as in the days when Jericho perished and the curse went forth against him who should ever rebuild it, the people shall shout with a great shout, and the walls of the Republican stronghold which across the path of the true advancement of this nation now stand in their sullen defiant in- solence for centralization and personalization and usurpation of govern- ment, for a denial of the reserved rights of the States, for special privi- leges and favoritism, for artificial but temporary and uncertain advan- tage to the few and not service to the many shall be carried by assault and then razed to the earth never to arise again. 144 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE He is a man who in moral action is bound by the Ten Command- ments; in debate by dignity and decorum; in intercourse by gentleness and candor; in victory by modesty and magnanimity; in action by pru- dence and courage; in government by the Constitution and the law. He can counsel without haughtiness and reprove without scorn. He fears no man 's censure, but inspires every man 's respect. Knowing him blameless in his private life; invulnerable in his record of long public service, imperturbable in action and impregnable in honor, Alabama presents for the Presidential nomination the name of Democ- racy's real leader and best asset Oscar W. Underwood. [Applause.] The secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MB. EEESE M. LINO (when the State of Arizona was called) : Ari zona yields to Missouri to nominate Champ Clark. [Applause.] NOMINATING SPEECH OF JAMES A. SEED. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Senator Reed, of Missouri, is recog nized. MR. KEEP, of Missouri: He comes from Old Missouri, The land of corn and wine, Where the grapes in purple glory- Cluster thick upon the vine; Where the cheeks of maids blush rosy As the apple on the tree, And the people quaintly answer "You've got to show me." [Applause.] Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention : I realize that 1 am looking into the faces of men who love the old party; who believe as I believe, that when the flag of Democracy shall go down in final defeat, liberty will be dead upon the earth. Begardless of what others may have intimated, I unhesitatingly say that I am willing to trust the honor of the Democracy and the safety of this Republic to your consciences and your votes. SsOt. Chairman, we are here, not to nominate a candidate, but to qelect a President. Today we shall contend, each against the other; tomorrow we must be brothers in a battle for humanity. Ours is a high privilege and solemn duty. It should be met in a spirit of exalted patriotism. Every consideration must be subordinated to the great cause of the people. We speak not only for a party, but for a nation, for mankind and for history. March 4, 1913, we will dissolve the partnership between monopoly and Government. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 145 Sixteen years this, partnership has levied tribute under the forms of law. It has taxed the crust upon the lips of hunger. It has filched from the pockets of poverty. Monopoly has financed the campaigns of Republican Presidents. It has been rewarded by immunity from punishment for violation of the criminal statutes. The people turn to the Democratic party for relief. Republican candidates have resorted to every form of false pretense, every trick of demagoguery. In order to delude the people, one of these candidates has not hesitated to attack the courts of law, and to assail 1ho fundamentals of our Government. The Democratic party asserts that the Constitution of the Fathers-- born of battle and pain, baptized in blood and tears, nurtured in wis dom and patience, defended by bravery and sacrifice shall forever be maintained. \ _ * The Constitution was created by the people for the protection of the liberties of the people. It was the decree of man asserting his sover- eignty. When it was written, the shadow of despotism rested upon every land. Hereditary monarchs scourged the earth with fire and sword; ex- ercised the power of life and death, and enforced their decrees by scaffold, pillory and sword. Behold now the marvelous change! The fires of continental liberty lighted upon our shores have swept 'round the woild, consuming the citadels of arbitrary power, until they have reached the throne of tin- Manclhis and the seraglios and fortresses of the Ottomans. The principles of the American Constitution will soon be accepted as the fundamentals of all civilized Government. Beneath its protection, America has marched from triumph to tri umph. Half a continent has been gained, transformed into homes, enriched with cities, glorified with temples of religion and seminaries of learning, and peopled by the greatest race of men who have lived sinc> the sun first kissed the horizon of time. Beneath our Constitution, aH have been secure no man so strong he did not need its shield; no wretch so weak he might not find refuge under its provisions. It has survived the hatred of monarchs, the attacks of foreign foes, the horrors of fratricidal strife; it will continue to survive all assaults The Democratic party has always been the friend of the Constitution. Its immortal principles were first blazed into the night of tyranny when the hand of Thomas Jefferson held aloft the Declaration of Independence. The same great Democrat insured the perpetuity of liberty when he wrote the Bill of Rights. The Democratic party has made mistakes, but it has always held fast to the Constitution. It has always declared that free government must oe a government of law. It also knows that he who assails the Consti- tution of the people, even though he has twice been President, is none the less an enemy of the Republic and of liberty. We recognize the truth that all laws and the Constitution itself shouM 146 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE when necessary be amended to meet changed conditions. But \ve refuse to assail the structure of our Government or to incorporate intellectual vagaries and fantrstic experiments into our jurisprudence. We stand for government by law. It is for this very reason we insist that the law against illegal combinations must be rigorously enforced. Under Roosevelt the trusts flourished as a green bay tree; under Tafr the tree has grown and spread its branches until their shadow covers all the land. Rocsevelt ? s policies in all tl.e'r fundamentals have been perpetuated by Taft. If either is elected, these policies will continue. Yet each loudly proclaims himself a progressive. The necessity for progress presuppcses a condition so bad that we must run from it. Taft and Roosevelt are responsible for present condi- tions. The cry of progress upon their lips is a confession of failure and guilt. Recognizing the fact that the people condemn their official acts, these gentlemen seek to shift the issue from a comparison of perform- ances to a program of promises. The Republican contest is only a battle between the great interests. It is a contest of syndicates. The truth is at last manifest and Democracy will triumph. I want my party to win, but I want it to win more than an office. I would have it win because it stands for great and righteous principles. I want it to meet all great problems in patience, in fortitude, in wisdom, in courage. I want it to strike with an iron hand, but to strike only in justice. We must occupy the field of wise, careful, br-ivr statesmanship. Our policies must be constructive rather than destructive. Our party should so act that Democracy shall be a blessed name upon the tongue of man. The situation is epic. The contest will not be a summer-day t-x- cursion. It will not be won in a single campaign. Special privilege is entrenched; its emissaries fill high places; its resources are incal- culable; its allies are legion. It fights to retain the right to plunder the greatest nation on earth. The prize is enormous. It will not be yielded without the most desperate resistance. Fronting such a contest, we are about to select a leader to whom we must entrust the party and the national honor. I want that leader to be a man who in every impulse of heart and sentiment of soul is devoted to the cause of the people. I would select a Democratic Bayard, who stands without fear, without reproach, without taint of disloyalty . Half of every battle is the general. No army of men ever fought well behind a leader whose loyalty the rank and file doubted. No army was ever well geaeraled by a raw recruit, or did its best behind a novit-e who tripped upon his own sword. In such a struggle as lies before us, give me for a leader no "sum- mer soldier or sunshine patriot." Give me no political dilettante, who DEMOCRATIC XATIOXAL CONVKNTIOX 147 comes into camp when honors are most ripe to pluck. I want no half fledged chanticleer who is only just beginning to acquire a Democratic crow. Let me rather have for general him who has suffered the hardships of the camp, the toi's of the march, the dangers of the field ; who has stood at the bloody angle; who has proven his mettle in the baptism of fire. r^Let me tell you of such a leader; he was born in that good Dem (ratio. State "Where men are brave, and women Are fair, "And the sun falls bright on the sward, "And noble daughters and loving sons ' ' Forever keep watch and ward : "The land of Old Kentucky." There his eyes first opened to behold the love-light shining in the face of a Democratic mother. Mingled with the notes of her lullaby, the myriad sounds of farm life were borne to his baby ears. About the next thing he heard was his Democratic father reading a Democratic platform. He has been a Democrat ever since.\ He was not born to luxury. He sprung from that stock which pro duced the men who subdued the West, the people whose hearts are in stim-t with patriotic love of country and liberty. A boy of tender years, he began the struggle of life for himself. It is a story of toils and achievement. At 12 years of age, he was earning his living clerking in a grocery store. At 15, he was teaching in the country schools of his native State. At 23 he was President of Marshall College, West Virginia. Two years later, he graduated' with distinction from the Cincinnati School of Law. He paid his way through school, and earned the money by the hardest kind of labor. As a lawyer, he rose to distinction. The same habits of study which had marked his youth characterized his professional career. In point of learning he is the equal of any man in American public life. There if not a page of our history or a principle of our Constitution or laws with which he is not familiar. ^This man sympathizes with the common people. He recognizes the nobility of labor. His feet have felt the sharp stones of adversity. He loves the common people because he is of the common people. He has seen them labor at their tasks, and has bent his own back in toil. He looks his fellow-men in the eyes from the level. You do not need to strain your neck to see him. He has never ceased to love the common man; he lias never been ashamed of his early poverty^^-A Let me quote you an expression from his own lips, delivered in the House of Representatives in August, 1911 : 148 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE "Whenever a man stands up and undertakes to do anything for the benefit of the great masses of the people, he is denounced by the interests as a demagogue and is charged with playing politics. But to stand up and advocate the cause of the interests is the highest evidence of states- manship. As far as I am individually concerned, I sprang from the loins of the common people, God bless them. I am one of them. I labored with my hands in my youth, and would do so again tomorrow. * * * I unhesitatingly take my stand with the consumers of the land against the interests." We hear much today of Progressives. The term has perhaps never been clearly defined. But if you mean by a progressive one who studies conditions, and, recognizing an evil, bravely seeks for and applies a remedy, then I assert that this man has a record unsurpassed. He does not cling to a thing simply because it is hoary with ago. Neither will be embrace an idea only because it is new. He is conserva- tive enough to believe that nothing should be destroyed merely because it has lasted a long time. He is progressive enough not to reject an idea simply because it is not covered with the mildew of antiquity. He would destroy the evil, but he will not strike down the good. He would not dynamite a house because one room is insanitary. He would sink every pirate craft sailing the commercial seas, but he will save every honest vessel. He believes that all changes demand sober consideration, but he recognizes that changing conditions demand changes in laws, and that wise statesmanship embraces the idea of steady and consistent progression. I challenge attention to his record: He does not come with promises upon his lips, but with achievements in his hands. When other men beheld the rising power of financial combination, but stood inactive and appalled, his clear vision not only saw the danger, but applied the remedy. He drew the first and most stringest anti-trust statute ever enacted in the United States. It has stood the test of all the courts, and become the model for other States to follow. Twenty-four years ago he placed upon the statute books of his State a law guarding the secrets of the ballot. He advocated the direct primary system twenty years ago; and ap- plied it in his Congressional District. It is thirteen years since he contended for the enactment of the most rigid corrupt practice act to be found upon the statute books. Five years ago he stood for the initiative and referendum in his own State. He was not, as some others are, disturbed lest the people should destroy themselves. As early as 1885 he declared for the direct election of Senators. Five times has he voted for that measure, and for years in Congress has been its distinguished advocate. DEMOCRATIC \\TIO\AL COXVKNTION 149 During all of his long public service, he has been one of the most valiant champions of tariff reform. I place before you this record, made not when lust of office lures, but written in the story of the years, and graven upon the public statute.-! of the country ; and I challenge comparison. It is not a record of protestation and promises, of faith without works; but it is a record of performance, of faith crystallized into acts. All his life this man has been a Democrat. He has not been an occasional Democrat. He does not belong to that class of Democrats who steal out o' nights, sleep in strange political beds, and then come trailing home about the time they can smell the breakfast bacon frying. He is not a fair-weather soldier. He has marched in the procession when there was no band to lead. He did not enlist for one campaign ; he volunteered for life. Forty years ago, he cast his first ballot. He has voted the Demo- cratic ticket ever since, and voted it straight. He has done so, not from prejudice of opinion, or servility of mind, but because he knew that notwithstanding all mistakes, all blunders and all shortcomings, the Democratic party was, and is, the one single force standing to defend the Temple of Liberty and Equality. In every campaign from 1872 to the present hour this soldier has been in every battle. He has never removed his uniform, laid down his sword, or quit the field. In the great campaign of 1896, when desertion 'thinned our ranks and disaster engulfed our hopes, he helped to raise our banner on the stricken field, and stood with those who cried, "Courage! Courage! Justice is im- mortal! Courage, Soldiers of the Democracy! Gird up your loins fov battles yet to come-" I saw him then, grim, determined, undismayed. I heard his clarion voice ring forth without a single note of fear. I saw him upon other fields, when days were dark and the long years, heaping disaster upon disaster, brought despair to many a stout and loyal heart; and yet there does not live a man who ever saw him quit his post or waver in the fight. Always and ever his face has been fair-fronted to the foe; always and ever his cry has been, ' ' Close ranks, and Forward ! ' ' What wonder that party leadership came, and with it party victory! We had passed through dark days. The election of 1904 left us with- out control of a single State Legislature north of Mason and Dixon 's line. In all that vast territory there was but one Democratic Governor. Our representation in Congress had dwindled to a pitiable minority. Nineteen hundred and eight found some improvement, but the situa- tion was yet disheartening and desperate. The people had come to regard us as a mere opposition party, without cohesion or policy. Our forces had ceased to be potential. After the election of 1908, the Democratic Congressmen selected the 150 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE man whom I shall name for minority leader. In fourteen months ot time, the new leader wrought marvelous change. The iron grip of Cannon was broken. It was the beginning; "after that, the deluge." With the authority to command, he never issued an order. ,11 e preferred counsel to decrees. He called his associates together, ami listened to their opinions. He manifested that high statesmanship which unites discordant elements and inspires them with a common purpose. The Payne- Aldrich iniquity was forced through Congress, but no! as similar bills had been enacted. The feeble opposition of a disunited minority had given place to the fire, vigor and courage which contests every inch of ground, and gains strength .from each defeat. When that struggle was over, the Republican party had been unmasked, its breach of faith demonstrated. Towering above all others in that historic fight was the great minority leader. I can see him yet, cool, collected, relentless, the light of battle flashing from his gray eyes, his square jaw rigid with determi nation, as he advanced to the Speaker's chair. I can hear his challenge: ' ' Mr. Chairman: Payne says that he and his cohorts will meet us in No- vember. * * * itfy Democratic Brethren, at last, after hard trials and great tribulations, thank God. we stand here shoulder to shoulder, heart to heart, solid f.s a stone wall, inspired by the hopes of coming victory. * * * My Republican Friends, you will meet us in Novem- ber because you cannot help yourselves. And when you do meet us. you will receive the bloodiest defeat you have had since 1892. Up, Guards, and at them ! ' ' That challenge became the real issue of the campaign of 1910. Upon that issue we changed a Republican majority in the House of Representa- tives of 38 to a Democratic majority of 69; a Republican Senatorial majority of 26 dwindled to 9. It was not a battle ; it was a revolution a revolution in the pivotal States. It was gained in the very States which we must win if we elect a President. The man who made that issue retains the confidence of the people of those great pivotal States. His popularity is confined to no section. In his campaign he hcs remained qu : etly at his post of duty. He has not afforded the spectacle of a Presidential candidate clamorously parading the country with brass bands and red lights, soliciting votes. He did not need to. He had made so many speeches for his party it was unnecessary to make any for himself. His campaign has been made by the people for him. It has beei: conducted almcst without money and without organization. Yet, you can march across this continent .from the extreme East to the d'stant West, and from our northern border to our southern line, and not set foot on territory that is not loyal to his cause. He counts in his column substantially all of the delegates of twenty two sovereign States. His j oj ularity has svve[ t across the s:-a. ami DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COXVKXTIOX 151 l:i> will I:.- supported lore on every luillot Ity sulistantially all of the dele- yiites from the Territorial and Jnsuhir possessions. He carried his own State by a unanimous vote. He carried every State touching its borders. He carried the States touching borders with the home States of his distinguished opponents. He carried almost solidly that great domain known as the .Middle West. With two excep- tions he swept all States west of the Rocky Mountains. I have said he carried thes3 States; let me rather say, the loyal Democracy, the Democracy that has never faltered, that has with un- wavering allegiance followed the flag, carried them for him. What are the great issues upon which we must fight the battle Oi' 1912? Is it not upon the record made by the Democratic House of Repre- sentatives? That record is a story of promises redeemed-, and pledges kept ; of patient, wise, brave statesmanship. Over the deliberations of that body he has presided. He brought to the office the wisdom of experience, and a judgment ripened by long and close contact with the problems of government. I would not detract a hair 's weight from the honors due to all Democratic Congressmen. I would not pluck a single leaf from the brow of the present great majority leader. I give to all due meed of praise. But yet I say, here is the real leader. Here is the man who most of all has borne the burdens and responsibilities, whose counsel has guided, who pointed the way; whose keen intellect, superb courage, and masterly generalship have forged the force which has been driven like a wedge .through the body of the Republican party and split it asunder. The army of the Democracy is forming in battle array. The sun of hope glorifies the horizon of the future, and sheds its splendor upon our banners. Above us bends the myriad-hued bow of promise. We have been brought to the very gates of success by a veteran. Let him con- tinue to lead, and the celestial bow will become an arch of triumph, beneath which Democracy will march in glorious victory. I I nominate this man, who has fought a thousand battles for Democ- racy and not one against her; who has never lowered his flag or asked for quarter ; who has neither deserted nor taken a furlough ; who does not know how to quit a friend or betray a party ; whose back the enemy has never seen, but whose breast is covered with the scars of honor ; who leads today and who should lead tomorrow the Lion of Democracy, Champ Clark, of Missouri.^ The secretary resumed the calling of the roll. The State of Arkansas was called. THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. James K. Vardaman, of Miss'ssippi, in the chair) : It is my pleasure to present to you Governor-elect Robin- son, of Arkansas, who will now address you. 15'2 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE SPEECH OF JOE T. ROBINSON. MR. JOE T. ROBIXSOX, of Arkansas: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, the nation looks hopefully to this convention. Demo- cratic success in the coming election may be measured in part by the wisdom we exemplify. Victory will be assured by choosing a candidate who is acceptable to all loyal Democrats and not needlessly repugnant to those of other parties who are willing to support the Democratic ticket. [Applause.] The probabilities of victory have not impelled any Democratic candi- date for the presidential nomination to intemperate speech or bitter de- nunciation. For this they are all to be commended. Billingsgate can aever become the chief argument of a Democrat who is worthy to be president. The Marquis of Queensberry rules and the vernacular of the prize ring, applicable to latter day Republican campaigns and conven- tions, have no place here. [Applause.] Acknowledging the splendid ability and efficient services of many Democrats who are worthy of the high honor, still in choosing our candi- date it is expedient to recognize all honorable considerations which we know will influence the voters to whom we must appeal. Neither fac- tional difference nor selfish motive should influence our choice. The nation 's welfare and the party 's success must be constantly kept in view. [Applause.] The Democrats of Arkansas have commissioned me to the pleasant task of seconding the nomination of damp Clark of Missouri.- [Ap- plause.] His progressive, Democratic spirit is exemplified in his public utterances when he said: ' ' No man is fit to be the lawgiver for a mighty people who yields to the demands and solicitations of the few who have access to his ear and is forgetful of the vast multitude who may never hear his voice nor look into h's face." "Our chief reliance for success is to give to the people such a record for honest, intelligent, courageous, constructive and progressive states- manship as to convince the country beyond the shadow of a doubt that we are worthy of the continued and enlarged confidence of the public. ' ' In expending the public money, he says: "We should remember that we are trustees of a trust fund, and we have no right to squander the public money. ' ' "The overshadowing issue will be the tariff question and the cognate question of the trusts. The tariff ought to be reduced to a revenue basis, and laws against trusts, in both their criminal and civil features, should be rigorously enforced without fear or favor. ' ' "The Republicans who believe the tariff should be revised only by jts friends also advocate that the trusts should be prosecuted bv their friends." DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 153 "The welfare of the nation and the success of the Democratic party are paramount to my promotion." [Applause.] Are not these sentiments expressive of genuine Democratic principles and sympathies? Mr. Clark has earned and enjoys the full confidence of his countrymen. His right to promotion is based on long continued, faithful public service. [Applause.] The confidence of his associates in Congress, manifested by his elec- tion to the Speakership of the House of Representatives, has been justi- fied by the restoration, under his leadership, of complete harmony among Democrats, and the overthrow of Cannonism. This achievement the destruction of arbitrary power which assumed to stifle the voice of the people and chain the hands of their representatives marked the most substantial, beneficial triumph that has crowned Democracy in the last half century. [Applause.] Let us counsel together and choose as our candidate one of high character and unquestioned ability, whose candidacy will unify Demo- crats, and without compromise of principle attract independent and dis- affected Republican votes. Let us select a leader who has always been loyal to the cause of the people, liberal, broadminded, cautious and patriotic; a Democrat of unfaltering faith and undoubted integrity; one who has never bolted, but who has uniformly supported Democratic platforms and nominees. Such a man is Champ Clark of Missouri. [Applause.] He comes from the very heart and center of the union. His integrity has re- mained unquestioned, his good name unsullied through more than a quarter of a century of faithful public service. He is a warrior who has always pitched his tent in the midst of the hosts of Israel. He has never broken bread at the enemy's table nor sought shelter in his camp. A great opportunity awaits the Democratic party. This oppor- tunity is for the overthrow of corruption and the restoration of power and liberty to the people. [Applause.] I am commissioned by the unanimous vote of the delegates from Arkansas in this Convention to second the nomination of Champ Clark, of Missouri. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. EEMAEKS OF THEODORE A. BELL. MB. THEODORE A. BELL, of California (when the State of California was called) : Mr. Chairman, California seconds the nomination of Champ Clark. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MR. WILLIAM KENNEDY, of Connecticut (when the State of Connecti- cut was called) : Mr. Chairman, Mr. Henry W. Rogers, of New Haven, will present to this Convention Connecticut's choice for President. [Ap- plause.] 154 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE THE PRESIDING OFFICER (MB. YARDAMAX, of Mississippi, in the Chair) : The Chair presents to the Convention Hon. Henry Wade Rogers, of Connecticut. [Applause.] NOMINATING SPEECH OF HENRY WADE ROGERS. MR. ROGERS, of Connecticut: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, I rise on behalf of my State to urge the Convention to place in nomination for the high office of President of the United States the Democratic Governor of Connecticut, Simeon E. Baldwin. [Ap- plause.] Connecticut for the second time in its history is urging upon the National Convention of the Democratic party the nomination of a Con- necticut man for the Presidency. Two score and four years ago, in 1868, Connecticut proposed the name of the then Democratic Governor of the State, but the Convention nominated the Governor of New York, Horatio Seymour, who went eown to defeat in the election which ensued. Connecticut now again asks that in the course of your deliberations you weigh well the merits and availability of the man she advises you to nominate. We have organized no bureaus, and we have sent forth no emissaries to manufacture sentiment in his favor in other States. He himself lias entered into no alliances, made no effort on his own behalf, but has borne himself as did the elder statesmen of the Republic, who thought tie office was neither to be sought nor declined. [Applause.] Connecticut is of little territorial consequence in the vast empire that spans this continent. But small though she is, she is larger than little Attica out of which came the great law-givers, philosophers, poets and orators of the ancient world. Her population is small as well as her territory, but it exceeds the combined population of the five western States of Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Utah and Wyoming. Connecticut does not cast a large vote in the Electoral College, but as Connecticut has voted so has gone the Union. But once since 1856 has the candidate for the Presidency who has carried Connecticut failed to carry the country. That one exception was in 1888, when that great Democrat, Grover Cleveland, carried Connecticut and lost the presidency. In 1876 Hayes lost Connecticut, and another great Democrat, Tilden, carried it. But that constituted no exception, for Tilden carried the country and Hayes was never elected President. [Applause.] He was simply counted in by the carpet bag canvassing boards of Florida, Louisiana and South Carolina, who stole the Presidency from Samuel J. Tilden. The experi- ences of sixty years, therefore, confront you. It shows that if you can tell what Connecticut thinks and how Connecticut will vote you can tell what the country thinks and how the country will vote. Connecticut wants you to nominate the man whose name I propose; and if you nomi- nate him you will carry Connecticut and carry the country and win the Presidency. [Applause.] DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 155 We meet in Baltimore on the Democratic party's historic ground. Prior to 1804 here were held with one exception all the national con- ventions of our party. Jackson was nominated here, and here we nomi- nated Van Buren, Polk and Pierce. In recent years our conventions have been held elsewhere. But this year we return to Baltimore and at a time when the Convention is master of a supreme opportunity. Once again we will name in this city the next President of the Unitnl States. The Democrats of the United States have sent their representatives to this Convention to nominate as the candidate of our party for Presi- dent in 1912 a man of the highest character, of brilliant intellect, of integrity without a flaw, the firmness of whose fibre and the strength of whose purpose cannot be questioned; one who is experienced in public affairs, and versed in the law of nations, and who knows the powers, duties and prerogatives of the State and National Governments. The Democrats want us to nominate a man who knows and will respect the limitations which the Constitution imposes upon the exercise of arbitrary power. They want us to nominate a man who knows the straight and narrow path marked out by the Constitution and who will walk therein. They want us to nominate a man who will maintain against all the world the stable structure of our Government as estab- lished by the fathers. They want us to nominate a man who believes in the supremacy of law and in the independence of the judiciary and who will resist all measures which would degrade the judicial tribunals and impair the confidence and respect of the people in their courts. [Ap- plause.] They want us to nominate a man who is old-fashioned enough to believe in the principles which have made the United States great, pros- perous, and honored, but who, at the same time, is progressive enough to believe in the new methods and policies made necessary by the changed conditions of the country. Do you ask me whether my candidate is a Progressive Democrat? My reply is that he has voted twice for William Jennings Bryan for President ; that he favors the election of United States Senators by direct vote of the people; that he has advocated the extension of municipal suffrage to women, and such progressive legislation as the Workingmen's Compensation Acts. [Applause.] The Democrats of the United States want us to nominate a man who believes that a revision of the tariff downwards is essential; one who knows that the Payne-Aldrich law is not the best but the worst tariff law the country ever had; [Applause] a masterpiece of injustice, inequality, and false pretense, impoverishing the many to subsidize the few and increasing the cost of living beyond the endurance of the people. [Applause.] They want us to nominate a man who, while protecting the corpora- tions in their just rights and legitimate interests, will at the same time 156 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE exercise all his constitutional power to control dangerous combinations of capital which threaten the prosperity of the American people. They want us to nominate a man who can command public confidence in his good sense and in his ability to deal intelligently with the prob- lems of the Government. They want us to nominate a man who can bring the Government back to the ideals of Washington, Jefferson, Jackson, and Lincoln. [Applause.] The man who has in full measure the splendid qualifications I have named is the present Governor of Connecticut. [Applause.] No man in the paity is his superior in conscience or in brain, or more in sympathy with the just aspirations of the people. Nominate him and you cannot be defeated. Nominate him and the men of business and the sons of toil and the whole great Democratic host will make him President. Nominate him and your appeal to the intelligent judgment of the Ameri- can people will not be in vain. [Applause.] We present him to you as a great man who represents all that is best in the intellectual and moral life of New England, and of the country. He comes of Puritan stock. In his veins flows the blood of Boger Sherman, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, as well as a signer of the Constitution of the United States which he helped to frame. The candidate Connecticut proposes is one of the eminent jurists of our day. He has filled with great distinction the office of Chief Justice of Connecticut. He has won renown at the bar and been the president of the American Bar Association. His fame is more than national. It is international. He has been president of the International Law Asso- ciation, and as such has presided in Europe over that body of eminent international lawyers gathered from all countries. That he is a man who has been interested in the highest things and eminent in more than one field you may knew by the fact that he has been president of the American Social Science Association, and of the American Historical Association. The oldest of American Universities years ago conferred upon him its highest honors and made him a Doctor of Laws. He is now the Democratic Governor of Connecticut, and the only Democratic Governor our State has had in twenty years. He is a great scholar, a great lawyer, a great judge, a great Democrat, and above all a Christian gentleman. His private character is spotless. His public character is invulnerable. Nominate him and there can be no ammunition of calumny that can be exploded. Nominate him and no shafts and arrows can be aimed at him, or, if there should be, they will not be able to pierce his breast-plate. They will all lie broken and harmless at his feet. [Applause.] Do you ask whether our candidate is too advanced in years to render valuable public service! We answer that men many years his junior covet his vigor of body and mind, and that those who know him have no (j MMl DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVKNTIUX 157 fear lest his strength should prove unequal to the burdens of the Presi- dency. Gladstone was made Prime Minister of the British Empire when he was a dozen years his senior. Do you ask whether he lias been so identified with party factions as to impair his strength and make it difficult for a united party to support him? We answer that his position on the bench withdrew him from all factional differences which in former years divided the party, and that there is no man upon whom all can more easily unite. [Applause.] Not only does the blood of Boger Sherman course through his veins, but the spirit of Roger Sherman animates him and he is the embodiment of that sound practical sense which characterized the man from whom he is descended, the great law-giver and constructor of governments. He is a statesman by inheritance. His father was twice elected governor of our State and represented Connecticut with distinction in the Senate in the days of Webster, Clay and Calhoun. [Applause.] Connecticut has sent us to this Convention to say to the representa- tives of the Democratic party gathered in council from all the States and Territories of the Union to conserve the interests of the Republic, nomi- nate for President Simeon E. Baldwin, and he will lift again the banner of the Democratic party and carry it forward to such a victory as our party has not won in a generation. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MR. WILLIAM H. STEVENS, of Delaware (when the State of Delaware was called) : Delaware yields to New Jersey. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair presents to the Convention Judge John W. Wescott, of New Jersey. [Applause.] NOMINATING SPEECH OF JOHN W. WESCOTT. MR. JOHN W. WESCOTT, of N. J. : Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, New Jersey, once bound, but, by the moral energy and intellectual greatness of a single soul now free, comes to this historic convention, in the glory of her emancipation, to participate in your deliberations, aid in formulating your judgments and assist in executing your decrees. The New Jersey delegation is in no sense empowered to exercise the attributes of proprietorship. |0n the wreck and ruin of a bi-partisan machine a master hand has erected an ideal Commonwealth in less than two years. [Applause.] New Jersey is free. Therefore, the New Jersey delegation is commissioned to represent the great cause of Democracy and to offer, as its militant and triumphant leader, a scholar, not a charlatan; a statesman, not a doctrinaire; a profound lawyer, not a splitter of legal hairs; a political economist, not an egotistical theorist; a practical politician, who constructs, modifies, restrains without disturbance or destruction ; a resistless debater and consummate master of statement, not a mere phrase-maker; a humani- tarian, not a defamer of characters and lives; a man whose mind is 158 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF TI1K at once cosmopolitan and composite of all America; a gentleman of unpretentious habits, with the fear of God in his heart and the love of mankind exhibited in every act of his life [applause] ; above all a public servant who has been tried to the uttermost and never found . wanting peerless, matchless, unconquerable in the performance of his duty, the ultimate Democrat, the genius of liberty and the very incarna- tion of progress.^ [Applause.] New Jersey has reasons for her course. Let us not be deceived in the essentials of the premises upon which this convention will build, if it builds successfully. Campaigns of villification, corruption and false pretense have lest their usefulness. The evolution of national energy is toward a more intelligent morality in politics and in all other rela- tions. [Applause.] The line of cleavage is between those who treat politics as a game and those who regard it as the serious business of government. The realignment of political parties will be on this prin- ciple. The situation admits of no dispute and no compromise. The temper and purpose of the American people will tolerate no other view. The indifference of the American public to its politics has disappeared. Any platform, and any candidate on that platform, not fully responsive to this vast social, political and economical behest will go down to ignominious defeat at the polls. [Applause.] Platforms are too often mere historic rubbish heaps of broken promises. Candidates are too often the unfortunate creatures of arrangements and calculations. Exigencies, conditions, national needs and necessities make better plat- forms and produce greater leaders than does the exercise of proprietor- ship. [Applause.] Hence it is that a disregard of the premises will bring our dreams crashing in ruins next November. Again the eternal conflict between equal opportunity and special privilege is upon us. Our fathers wrote the issue of that struggle in our Constitutions. They declared all men to be free and equal. In a single century that principle developed the North American continent, leavened the wo'rld with its beneficence, inspired all nations with hope and made the United States the asylum of all mankind. [Applause.] Yet America, at this very hour, presents the most stupendous contradic- tion in history a people politically free, while economically bound by the most gigantic monopolies of all time, and burdened with a system of taxation which exploits millions to enrich a few. We have preserved the forms of freedom, but are fast losing its substance. The evils of this condition are felt in a thousand ways throughout the land. Therefore it is that America is awake. Therefore it is that a mistake in our premises will be fatal. Therefore it is that the situa- tion, the national exigency, the crisis, call for the right man. Therefore it is that a silent and resistless revolution demands our patriotic and best judgment. Individuals are as nothing and personal ambitions are worse than nothing. Impersonality should be the majesty of this con- vention. If the chosen candidate fails in any sense or in any degree DK.MOCKATir \\T1OVAL CONVENTION 159 fully si nd completely to meet tlio call of the nation, he is doomed to defeat. [Applause.] Men are known by what they say and do. Men are known by those who hate them and those who oppose them. [Applause.] Many years ago the great executive of New Jersey said, ' ' No man is great who thinks himself so, and no man is good who does not strive to secure the happiness and comfort of others." [Applause.] This is the secret of his life. This is, in the last analysis, the explanation of his power. Later, in his memorable effort to retain high scholarship and simple democracy in Princeton University, he declared, ' ' The great voice of America does not come from seats of learning. It comes in a murmur from the hills and woods, and the farms and factories and the mills, rolling on and gaining volume until it comes to us from the homes of common men. Do these murmurs echo in the corridors of our universi- ties? I have not heard them." A clarion call to the spirit that now moves America. Still later he shouted, "I will not cry peacfe so long as social injustice and political wrong exist in the state of New Jersey." [Applause.] Here is the very soul of the silent revolution now solidify- ing sentiment and purpose in our common country. The deeds of this moral and intellectual giant are known to all men. They accord, not with the shams and pretenses of diseased and dis- organized politics, but make national harmony with the millions of ^patriots determined to correct the wrongs of plutocracy and re-establish the maxims of American liberty in all their regnant beauty and practical effectiveness. [Applause.) New Jersey loves her governor, not for the enemies he has made, but for what he is. All evil is his enemy. He is the enemy of all evil. The influences opposing him have demonstrated his availability and fitness on the one hand, and exposed the unavaila- bility and unfitness of certain others on the other hand. The influence that has opposed him blights and blasts any cause and any person it espouses. That influence has appealed to the sordid, the low and the criminal. That influence fattens and gorges itself on ignorance and avarice. Any man that accepts the aid of that influence would be more fortunate had a mill stone been tied about his neck and he had been rast into the depths of the sea. [Applause.] New Jersey believes that the opposition to her Governor, such as it has been and such as it is, necessitates and secures his triumph. Similar necessities, causes and motives impel all men similarly the world over. The same necessities, causes and motives which draw, as by omnipotence, all New Jersey about this great and good man, are identically the same necessities, causes and motives that are in resistless motion in every state in the Union. [Applause.] Its solidarity cannot be disintegrated. Fsilse argument falls broken against it. A revolu- tion of intelligent and patriotic millions is the expression of these same necessities, causes and motives. Therefore, New Jersey argues that her distinguished Governor is the only candidate who can not only make 160 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE Democratic success a certainty, but secure the electoral vote of almost every state in the Union. [Applause.] New Jersey herself will endorse his nomination by a majority of one hundred thousand of her liberated citizens. What New Jersey will do, every debatable state in the Union will do. [Applause.] We are building, not for a day, or even a gen- eration, but for all time. Let not the belief that any candidate may succeed rob us of sound judgment. What would it profit the Democratic party to win now, only to be cast out four years hence? The Democratic party is commissioned to carry on a great constructive program, having for its end a complete restoration of the doctrine of equal rights and equal opportunity without injury or wrong to anyone. Providence has given us, in the exalted character of New Jersey's Executive, the mental and moral equipment to accomplish this reincarnation of Democracy. New Jersey believes that there is an omniscience in national instinct. That instinct centers in her Governor. He is that instinct. [Applause.] How can his power in every state be explained? He has been in political life less than two years. He has had no organization of the usual sort; only a practical ideal, the re-establishment of equal opportunity. [Ap- plause.] The logic of events points to him. The imperial voice of patriotism calls to him. Not his deeds alone, not his immortal words alone, not his simple personality alone, not his incomparable powers alone, not his devotion to truth and principles alone, but all combined, compel national faith and confidence in him. [Applause.] Every crisis evolves its master. Time and circumstance have evolved the immortal Governor of New Jersey. The North, the South, the East and the West unite in him. Deep calls to deep. Height calls to height. "From peak to peak, the rattling clouds among, Leaps the live thunder. Not from one lone cloud, But every mountain now hath found a tongue And Jura answers through her misty shrouds Back to the joyous Alps, who call to her aloud." The lightning flash of his genius has cleared the atmosphere. We low know where we are. The thunder of his sincerity is shaking the fvery foundations of wrong and corruption. [Applause.] This convention stands between ninety millions of people and a thousand monopolies. .It stands between ninety millions of people who need a free and fair opportunity and a thousand trusts that have spe- cial privileges. The great issue is to restore to the people equal oppor- tunity, and, at the same time, to compel monopolies and trusts to pro- ceed upon the same principle. This issue cannot be solved by a plat- form. Thousands of platforms will not solve it. The man on the plat- form alone can solve it. If he has the moral force and personal courage and mental ability, he will solve it because ninety millions of confiding men, women and children stand behind him. [Applause.] Such is the l)K.Hoc'i!ATU' NATIONAL CONVENTION' 161 moaning of the appearance of the Governor of New Jersey at this time in the history of the nation. [Applause.] From the roar and struggle and strife preceding this convention and now involving it, there arises in majesty one character, unsullied and unsoiled. He has made but one compact. That compact was with his conscience. He has made but one agreement. That agreement was with his country and his God. [Ap- plause.] He is under but one obligation. That obligation is to the eternal principle of truth and right. It requires no sophistry to explain either his position or his character. He stands in the eternal light of truth, a brave, fearless and patriotic soul. [Applause.] If Providence could spare us a Washington to lay deep in the granite of human need the foundations of the United States; if Providence could spare us a Jefferson to give form and vitality to the most splendid democracy The sun ever shone upon; if Providence could spare us a Lincoln to unite these states in impregnable unity and brotherhood, New Jersey appeals to the patriotism and good sense of this convention to give to the country the services of the distinguished governor of New Jersey, that the doors of opportunity may again be opened wide to every man, woman and child under the Stars and Stripes, so that, to use his own matchless phrase, ' ' their energies may be released intelligently, that peace, jus- tice and prosperity may reign." [Applause.] Now Jersey appreciates her deliverance. New Jersey appreciates the great constructive results of her Governor's efforts during the past two years, hut New Jersey appreciates more than that the honor which she nn\\ lias, through her freely chosen representatives sitting before me, of placing before this convention as a candidate for the presidency of the United States the seer and philosopher of Princeton, the Princeton schoolmaster, Woodrow Wilson. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MR. C. R. PENDLETON, of Georgia (when the State of Georgia was called) : Mr. Chairman, Mr. Jefferson Randolph Anderson will speak for Georgia. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Gentlemen of the Convention, I now present Hon. Jefferson Randolph Anderson, of the State of Georgia. SPEECH OF JEFFERSON RANDOLPH ANDERSON. Mi:. ANDERSON, of Georgia: Mr. Chairman and fellow Democrats, this day is one which gives just cause for congratulation to every loyal Democrat, and should bring joy and gratification 'to the heart of every truly patriotic citizen of our great Republic, for this day will be entered upon its annals among those which mark the most memorable events of its history. For causes which are being rapidly obscured in the mists of the past, and with which the generation of the present day has no longer any per- 162 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE sonal concern, it is historically true that for more than fifty years our national life has been one-sided, in that its highest offices have been restricted by certain geographical limitations. Today we awake to the full realization of the fact that if any rift ever existed in our national lute, it has been completely repaired by the healing hand of time, and that today the grand chorus of our national anthem swells out strong and true from every cot and hamlet of the land, without a single discordant note to mar its patriotic harmony. [Applause.] When we witness, as we do today, the fact that at least three of the several distinguished men placed in nomination before this great national convention for the highest office in the land, were born outside the geographic confines of what for half a century has been considered the exclusive territory in which to search for presidential timber, we know that the recording pencil of history will mark this day as the dawn of a new epoch for this nation. It is the beginning of a new era in which the door of hope and ambition is at last thrown open wide to every American citizen wherever he may live in our common country, and means that the great heart of the Union is big enough and strong enough to take into itself every citizen and every foot of land within Jts borders, that it recognizes no limitations of time or space, but pulsates with the life blood from every quarter of the entire nation, and that at last our government has become in spirit as well as in form in indis- soluble Union of indissoluble States. [Applause.] We are assembled here today as representatives of the historic party founded by the author of that great charter of American liberties, the Declaration of Independence, to select our standard bearer in what may well prove to be the most memorable Presidential campaign in our country 's history. To me the Democratic party means more than a name, more than a symbol. It means and represents a code of political principles as eternal and as immutable as the stars themselves, and upon the conservation and perpetuation of which depends the preserva- tion of our Eepublic, and the consequent future happiness, as freeman, of ourselves and of our posterity. From my earliest infancy until past my majority a great portion of nearly each year of my life was spent in sight of, and under the shadow of, the home and tomb of the illustrious founder of our party, Thomas Jefferson. His beliefs, principles and ideals for the party were instilled into my mind, as boy and youth, by a man whom he himself had prac- tically reared, who stood to him as a son, and who in turn, as the cares of age pressed heavily upon the great Sage of Monticello, became his representative and took charge of his affairs. That man was Jeffer- son's grandson and my grandfather. To me, therefore, the principles of our party are in a way a matter of inheritance, and I rejoice at the opportunity and privilege that has been accorded me of taking -part in these councils of the party, and of seconding the nomination of a man, who, after thirty years of close personal friendship, I know to be a DEMOCRATIC XATIOXAL COXVEXTIOX 163 sincere and loyal believer in, as well as a most worthy and able exponent of, our party 's principles. The Republican party, after years of uninterrupted power, is top- pling into ruin because of its lack of fundamental principles, and its betrayal of its pledges to the people. Its recent party convention in Chicago has presented the disgusting spectacle of a life and death struggle between an Ex-President of the nation and the present tem- porary incumbent of that office, a struggle which has rent the party asunder and has destroyed its vitality and its prospects. Unlike them we are assembled here for brotherly discussion and consultation. No fearsome spectre of a divided party threatens us. We are here, to loyally and earnestly urge our respective views and preferences, but we are also here, as good Democrats, to loyally and unitedly rally to and support, at the polls, the man whom this conven- tion, in its wisdom, shall finally select to bear our plume upon his helmet in the coming campaign. Such I know to be the sentiments and wish of him whose nomination I have the honor to second. Sir, the great State of Georgia, from which I come and which we, her sons, fondly call the Empire State of the South, in whose behalf I speak here today, is, as you well know, a strength and bulwark to our party, and her solid electoral vote can always reasonably, be counted on for the party's nominee. We are fundamentally a Democratic State and we glory in the fact. As regards national affairs, we still believe that the American Constitution, as framed by our forefathers, is what Jefferson described it to be ' ' The ark of our safety and the grand palladium of our peace and happiness." We still believe with Madison, the father of the Constitution, that the greatest danger to which popular forms of government is exposed is the violence of faction or mob spirit, and that in a government regulated only by majorities, if the impulse and the opportunity should both happen to coincide, neither moral nor religious motives could be relied on to keep a triumphant or frenzied majority from riding rough-shod over all rights of the minority or of the individual. "[Applause.] We love liberty, as our forefathers did, but we believe, as they be- lieved, that true liberty cannot be long preserved under the form of a pure Democracy ; that the history of practically all pure democracies, where the people assemble or in any form attempt themselves to ad- minister the government by making the laws in person, demonstrates that that form of government offers no cure for the evils of factional spirit, and provides no guarantees for the liberty, peace and happiness of the minority, much less of the individual, from oppression by the majority ; and that such democracies have usually been spectacles of turbulence and contention, and have in general been as short in their lives as they have been violent in their deaths. Therefore we would have nothing of that kind attempted for this nation. We still agree with the opinion of Jefferson that the only 164 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF TIIF. device by which the rights of man can be secure*!, in a country such as ours, is by a government by the people, acting not in person but by representatives chosen by themselves. [Applause.] We believe that the two corner stones of our government, which the world has justly regarded as the crowning glory of American achievement, and under which our country, after a career of the greatest prosperity, has risen to the highest pinnacle among the nations of the earth, are (1st) a written Constitution, subject to change only by prescribed methods, thus giving its protection to the individual citizen; and (2nd) a repub- lican form of government based on the principle of representation. These are the two essentials of our government which Jefferson pro- nounced to be "the two sheet anchors of our Union, and that if driven from either we would be in danger of foundering. ' ' We still believe in the basic truths of our Democratic faith as contained in Jefferson's first inaugural address, and particularly in that cardinal doctrine of our party, equal rights to all, special privileges for none. We hope to see all these fundamental principles of the party revived and reaffirmed by this Convention. The State of Georgia has given a large amount of territory to this Union out of which other States have subsequently been erected. Of this one of the fairest portions, lying nearest to her heart, was that compris- ing the greater part of what is now the State of Alabama. It is with peculiar pride and pleasure, therefore, that Georgia sees her daughter State, now in the full bloom of her magnificent maturity, bring forward for the Presidential nomination a man whom every Democrat can delight to honor, and in whose integrity, wisdom, ability and courage every American can place the most implicit trust and confidence. Georgia has gladly given him her endorsement, and has instructed us, her dele- gates in this Convention, to give him our united support until his nom- ination is secured. We confidently look forward to the certainty of his nomination, and ask you to examine, as we have done, into his pre-eminent qualifications for this high office, in the serene conviction that when you have done so you will agree with us that there is no other man today to whom our party owes more than it does to him, and that there is no other whose nomination holds out greater promise for the common people of our country, or whom they will more readily support. Both Alabama and Georgia are among the most progressive States of the Union in all that pertains to the material welfare of their people or to their moral and sociological uplift. There are two sorts of progressives, the true and the political. We have with us, as there are elsewhere, a class of politicians who style themselves "progressives" and freely apply the term "reactionaries" to all who do not vote with them; men who would take us up upon a mountain and mislead us by displaying a glittering mirage that conceals the real desert of their promises; but we have learned to know that they themselves are for the DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 165 most part drones, not workers in the hive, and contribute no jot or tittle to the real progress of our country. We have learned by experience to know that, when put to the test, these men too often show that they have no real knowledge of the country's needs, and that their actual ideas of progress are the exploitation of chimerical and impracticable ideas or else resemble the movements of a certain crustacean, well known along our coasts, whose only mode of progression is by moving backward or sideways from every obstacle it encounters. Fools rush in where angels fear to tread, and the truly progressive statesman must proceed with caution. Do you desire progress? Our candidate is progressive in the only true sense of the word, in going steadily forward and upward, without letting go of the well tried ancient faiths and without ignoring or con- temning the lessons and experience of the past. Do you wish a man of experience, well versed in the legislative and governmental affairs and machinery of our country? The record and career of our candidate for sixteen years in Congress gives you all the assurances you could possibly desire. In that period of long, splendid and faithful service he has served loyally and well through all gradua- tions in the party ranks until he has reached the proud position he holds today, that of being the recognized leader and acclaimed head of our party in the councils of the nation, and has become the most com- manding figure in Congress today. Who better than he, if elected President, could hope to obtain the enthusiastic support of the Congress of the United States for his administration, or could more confidently rely upon the loyal, whole hearted support of our party? [Applause.] Look at his record for achievements and for leadership. It deserves and it receives the admiration of the entire country for its constructive, progressive statesmanship, and for the truly marvelous qualities and abilities he has exhibited as a leader of men." It is lamentably true that prior to his time our party had for many years been wandering in the wilderness, running after strange lights, and following after vain illusions. In Congress its course was too often marked by petty bicker- ings, dissension and lack of unity of purpose, so much so that it became common report that its opponents could always rely upon it to do the wrong thing at the crucial moment. Who was it, when made leader of the party, that lifted it out of the quagmire in which it had been floundering, and set it upon its feet? It was Underwood of Alabama. Who was it that wrought harmony out of disorder, and brought it forward to the line of battle, on the opening of the Sixty-second Congress, an aggressive, cohesive, united, disciplined rarty which threw confusion into the ranks of its opponents, and enabled it to carry out its party pledges? It was Underwood of Alabama. [Applause.] Who was it, that by his expert knowledge of the tariff and his skillful leadership, was able to frame and to enable the party to carry through 166 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE the House the several bills reducing the tariff schedules by majorities, in every case but one, greater than the normal party majority in the House? Again the answer is Underwood of Alabama. [Applause.] To the great class of consumers, which constitutes the mass of our people, the great benefit of these laws, had they not been vetoed, is stag- gering in its magnitude, yet the marvelous skill with which the bills were drawn is shown by the fact that taking them as a whole the result- ing net loss in revenue to the national treasury was comparatively small. The Farmers' Free List Bill, the Wool, Cotton, Metal, Chemicals and Sugar Bills would have resulted in an annual saving to the consumers of this country of 743 millions of dollars, yet the net loss in revenue to the national treasury would have been only some 66 millions, of which 60 millions would have been made up by the Underwood Excise Bill, taxing business incomes, thus leaving an actual falling off of only some six million dollars in the revenues. [Applause.] Truly this is a record to which any man and any party can point with pride. It is the framing and passing of these measures, together with his well known views in favor of a rational revision of our banking system, (that would also preserve our local banks from dominant financial or political control,) and his views in favor of national aid to highways, and other popular measures that have given Underwood the confidence of the people. They know him to be safe and sane, and they know him to be consistent and courageous; a man who is not to be swerved from his course by the threats of any clique or corporation, however powerful, of abandoning large projected improvements in his home district or of raising up possible opposition to himself. If you give them the chance the people will sweep him into office by a tremendous majority. [Ap- plause.] Do you believe as we do that the tariff is bound to be the chief con- trolling issue of this campaign. Then our candidate is the only logical leader for us to select. He is beyond all question the greatest tariff expert in public life today. (The ^Republicans have re-nominated Mr. Taft. The wave of popular disapproval which followed his failure to reduce the tariff, gave to our party the control of the present House in Congress.) For the past two years the great fight that has been waged in Congress between the two parties has been over the question of tariff reduction. Underwood as leader of the one side has been framing and passing the reductions the people want, while Taft as the leader of the other side has been vetoing them as they reached him. The time is here for the transfer of this fight from the Halls of Congress to the hustings of the people and common sense as well as political expediency demand that the battle should be carried on under the same two leaders. As the ^Republicans have retained their same leader in Mr. Taft, it would be the height of political folly for us not to retain ours, and to attempt tc swap horses in the middle of the stream. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 167 Oh, my fellow Democrats, let us select for our standard bearer the man who has brought party harmony out of disorder, who has done more than any other to make Democratic success this year a possibility, who has formulated and shaped up the controlling issue on which this cam- paign must be fought and won, that of tariff for revenue only, who-4s our only logical leader on that issue, and is our chosen leader in Congress at this time. It gives me, Sir, the most heartfelt pleasure on my own behalf and on behalf of the State of Georgia, and I trust also on behalf of our entire party, to second the nomination of the Hon. Osear W. Underwood, of Alabama, for President of these United States of Amer- ica. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll, and the State of Illinois was called. Mr. Douglas Pattison, of Illinois, rose. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair presents to the Convention Hon. Douglas Pattison, of Illinois. SPEECH OF DOUGLAS PATTISON. MR. DOUGLAS PATTISON, of Illinois: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of this Convention, on behalf of the Democracy of the State of Illinois, and on behalf of 600,000 loyal, militant, progressive Democrats, I desire to second the nomination of the distinguished son of a sister State, Hon. Champ Clark, of Missouri. [Applause.] In the primary which we had he carried our State by a vote of three to one, and we are pledged to him and instructed for him under the most solemn obligation and duty both to him and to our constituents. But more than that, I want to tell you that our hearts are with him in this fight that he is making. [Applause.] Since we have come here I have heard some talk, and hjive seen statements in the newspapers, that Illinois was going to cast only two or three perfunctory ballots for Mr. Clark and then abandon him for someone else. That is not true. We have nailed his banner to our mast, and we are going through with him ; and even if we go down, we will do it with lights shining brightly and banners waving and the band playing. [Applause.] The great handicap under which we have been laboring in campaigns r for the last few years has been that our appeal to the people has been based upon what we said we would do if we were elected and not what we had done in the past. With parties as with people promises are cheap but deeds are golden. But this year things are different. We have a record of accomplishment upon which to go before the country in this campaign. Under the leadership of Champ Clark the Democracy in the national House of Eepresentatives, as our eloquent Chairman told you yesterday, has delivered the goods. The leadership of Champ Clark has made it possible for us to become a party of constructive, progressive achievement, instead of merely a party of negation and of criticism, and 168 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE I think the man who has furnished us the ammunition in this campaign is entitled to lead the fight. In the last three or four weeks I believe all of us have received a certain amount of villification of Champ Clark, issued from some anony- mous source, and coming to us through the mails. They have said every- thing about him with the idea of discrediting him. One thing they say is that he is a politician or statesman of the old style. In answer to that I want to call your attention to the pre-convention campaign which has just closed. During all the heat of that struggle, while primaries were being held and delegations were being elected in the different States, he was at his post of duty in Washington, doing the work that he was elected and paid to perform, while others were engaged in a mad scramble for votes. His conduct showed that he is a man of high char- acter and with a fine sense of honor which is too seldom met with nowa- days. [Applause.] I want to say only one word more, and that is this: We do not claim for him that he is omnipotent. We do not claim that he is a god or a demigod. We do not claim that he is an angel or an archangel. We do not claim that he has any of the attributes of anything except a human being. We do claim that he is a very honest, very able, very eloquent, very forceful, very true and very lovable human being, and he is beloved by millions of people all over these United States, who ex- pressed their love for him in the primaries, and who are awaiting your action here in order to know whether they may vote for him. [Applause.] In conclusion I want to say he is a Democrat, and this year we are going to win. [Applause.] It is in the air and we are going to win the campaign this year. Let us win with a Democrat like Champ Clark. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll, and the State of Indiana was called. Mr. Benjamin F. Shively, of Indiana, rose. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair takes pleasure in presenting to the Convention Senator Shively, of Indiana. NOMINATING SPEECH OF BENJAMIN F. SHIVELY. MR. BENJAMIN F. SHIVELY, of Indiana: Mr. Chairman and gentle- men of the Convention: Within a few hours this Convention will have executed the high commission with which it is charged and will have been dissolved by final adjournment. But with the fall of the gavel and even before silence and solitude shall succeed the storms of applause in this hall, the work of this Convention will have gone before a less partial assize, and one that knows no adjournment until the last vote is cast on the fifth day of November. To equip the cause which is fraught with such high and solemn import at this crisis of our country's history with all the strength that patriotic foresight can bestow to pass triumphantly DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 1G9 the ordeal of that long and searching inquisition, is the supreme duty of this convention. With such a cause and at such an hour, we shall not be easily forgiven if we overlook any lesson of history or instruction of experience or suggestion from the present situation that may point the course and illumine the pathway to success. I speak for the Democracy of- a State that has within the memory of men in this hall given to the public life of the country the shining talent and patriotic services of a Thomas A. Hendricks, a Joseph E. McDonald, a Daniel W. Voorhees, and a David Turpie. [Applause.] Further, I speak for the Democracy of a State whose vote has carried the State for every Democratic President inaugurated, from James Monroe to Grover Cleveland. Through all the ninety-six years of its statehood, as Indiana has gone, so has gone the Union. [Applause.] Whenever in all these years Indiana has been won for the national ticket, the presidency has been won. Whenever Indiana has been lost, the presidency has been lost. This result was not mere coincidence, or accident, or chance, or freak, or caprice of politics. In the wide variety of nativity among her early settlers, in the development of her civil institutions, in the variety of her industries, Indiana became and remained typical of the general spirit and impulse of the whole country. Because of the broad sweep of her industrial life affected by the vicissitudes of politics, and the composite character of her population, Indiana reflected the grand aver- age of that national feeling, sentiment, and conviction that became in- dexed in the election returns from the various States, and decisive in enough States to control the presidency. Nor have the passing years changed this situation, save to confirm it. Indiana is found by the Bureau of the Census to be the center of the country's population. Through her whole history Indiana has been the country's center of political conflict, struggle, stress and storm, and is today the unfailing barometer of national political temper, political purpose, and political fortune. The candidate who can carry Indiana for the national ticket can carry all the States necessary to the election of the national ticket. [Applause.] Four years ago the Democracy of Indiana selected a candidate for governor from a field of unusual talent. From the first note of his acceptance before the convention to his last appeal on the eve of election day, his campaign was a constantly rising tide of enthusiasm. By his broad grasp and clear presentation of the issues he everywhere inspired hope, courage, zeal, and determination. At the end of one of the most skillfully conducted and brilliantly aggressive campaigns in the history of the State, he was elected governor by a plurality of nearly fourteen thousand. Though in every appeal to the voters of the State he had placed the cause of the national ticket before and above his own, he led the national ticket by nearly 25,000 votes. [Applause.] These votes were not confined to special centers of population, nor due to special factional influence. They were distributed through nearly all the over 170 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE three thousand voting precincts of the State, represented men of thought and conviction, and without reference to occupation or walk of life. In a State where the lines of battle are always rigid, this wide margin of votes attests the vivid influence and compelling force of the candidate's advocacy and personality. In the same campaign, and for the first time in sixteen years, the Democracy carried the legislature on joint ballot, secured the return of a United States Senator, and increased the Democratic representation in the popular branch of Congress from 5 in 1906 to 11 in 1908 out of a total membership from the State of 33. Then, with such fidelity, prac- tical wisdom and general credit did our governor execute the functions and administer the affairs of his high office, and so effective was be again in the campaign of 1910, that in that year the Democracy elected the entire State ticket, carried both branches of the legislature, elected another Democrat to the United States Senate, and returned 12 of the delegation of 13 to the national House of Eepresentatives. [Applause. i As Governor, while respecting in the nicest degree the limitations and proprieties of his office, he counseled and promoted measures to secure increased safeguards to the life, limb, and health of labor engaged in hazardous employment; to curb the evils of child labor and the cruelties of the sweat shop ; to enforce the weekly payment of wages ; to establish public employment agencies and minimize involuntary idleness; to prohibit traffic in white slaves; to establish a system of audit, account and inspection to insure vigilance and fidelity in the collection, custody and disbursement of public funds; to recover and conserve the public lands of the State; to require registration of the voters and safeguard elections against terrorism by the boss or debauchment by the boodler. and other measures, all promotive of stability to public institutions and security to private rights. [Applause.] , It has been under such auspices that the State of Indiana has been redeemed. Fidelity to public trusts marks every department of the State government and is reflected in a quickened sense of public duty and official obligation in city, county, and township throughout the Stato. The influence of wise and capable leadership is everywhere manifest. It, was, therefore, altogether natural, logical, and fitting that the Democracy of Indiana in convention assembled, on the 21st day of March, this year, without one dissenting voice, adopted the following resolution: "We indorse the record of Governor Thomas R. Marshall, who has given the State the best administration it has known for years. Faithful to his oath of office, he has fully performed his duties without encroach- ing on the spheres of other departments or betraying the interests of the people for political purposes. Without attempting to dictate to the Legislature, he has aided it in every beneficial step by his counsel and influence. Without attempting to dictate to the courts, he has had brought before them all questions for which attention was important to the public welfare. We especially commend his steps inaugurating judi- DEMOCRATIC X ATJO.VAL CONVENTION 171 cial action for the conservation of the public lands, and for reclaiming title for the State to the bods of streams officially declared navigable, which were not surveyed or sold by the United States, as a movement which makes possible the saving to the public resources of enormous value. In all his official life he has proved himself a man of the highest integrity, of sound judgment, and of unfaltering resolution in the per- formance of his duty. We commend him to the people of the United States as the type of man needed for the presidency and instruct our delegates to the Democratic National Convention to present his name to that body as the first and only choice of the Democracy of Indiana for the nomination for President." [Applause.] That convention was composed of 1,747 delegates. These delegates represented 400,000 Democratic voters. In the action taken the con- vention was harmonious, unanimous, and enthusiastic. Never was a more generous and ungrudged tribute of confidence, affection, respect and ^ood-will paid to a public man. With this high testimonial to his worth from those who know him best, I speak the voice of that convention, and in behalf of the united Democracy of Indiana present the name and urge the nomination of Thomas K. Marshall. [Applause.] Though his official activities and experiences have been within the State, Governor Marshall has been, since his early youth, a student of all that pertains to the federal government. He has exceptional capacity.*, for discerning the vital issues in our national life, and noting the points of collision between economic development and social justice. None knows better than he that nothing can bind, or chain, or circumscribe, or limit power but power; that the check and balance of power against power is the vital principle of our political system; that the twilight zone is only that shadowy region where usurped power and selfish ambi- tion recklessly sport with human rights; that simplicity and economy in government f..re the comrades of efficiency and strength, and that extrava- gance is inseparable from sloth, inefficiency and weakness. None is bet- ter equipped to expose and dissolve that maze of sophisms by which interested selfishness makes a puzzle of political power only to reduce it to private profit, and that makes mystery of government only, amid the confusion, to convert it into political and personal merchandise. Espe- cially is he thorough on the question of that perversion of the principle of custom-house taxation that has made tariff legislation a blanket patent of monopoly ; that has quickened into life, fostered into strength, and fattened into wealth and power an irresponsible confederacy of special privilege within the body of the Republic ; that creates false and fraudu- lent relations between capital and labor ; that precipitates the class spirit over society ; that by the device of artificial prices carries deprivation into millions of homes, and that makes moral shambles of elections by debauching the citizen whom its remorseless exactions have first impov- erished. [Applause.] If you ask me whether he is constructive, I reply that he constructs 172 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE to rights, to liberty, to justice, to security; not to special privilege or selfish power. If you inquire whether he is progressive, I reply that his creed is that of Jefferson applied to the solution of the vexed problems of this hour. This to the end that the tide of special privilege may bv* turned back, equality of security to rights before the law made a fact; the damp of the class spirit lifted from society; caste dissolved in the sunshine of opportunity, and justice restored to the millions, of plain, industrious citizens who pray no boon from government save recognition of their imprescriptible right to enjoy the rewards of their own toil, undiminished by exactions to enrich special darlings of power. [Ap- plause.] The prestige of a nomination by this Convention will carry power and local influence to the State favored with it. This will constitute an asset the value of which should not be overlooked. It should be placed where it will contribute most decisively to national victory. It goes without saying that Indiana will not be a laggard in the oncoming contest, whoever may be chosen to captain the hosts. But in the early days of November, when the clouds hang thick and low over the battle- field, the inquiry will not be, "How goes the struggle in the good State of Missouri?" or "How r goes the struggle in the good State of Ala- . bama?" Besides, the Democracy needs and the country needs the favorite son of Missouri in the most important post in the parliamentary life of the Republic the Speakership of the House of Representatives, and likewise needs the gifted son of Alabama at the head of the Com- mittee on Ways and Means. [Applause.] Under the Constitution of the State of Indiana the Governor is ineligible for re-election. Other States in which Democratic Governors have recently been elected are not so situated. These Governors should be spared to carry forward and complete the civic regeneration of their respective States which they have so nobly begun, and by their influence within the States bring them into the National Democratic column. The inquiry will be everywhere, "How goes the battle in Indiana?" For as Indiana goes, so go New- Jersey, New York, Connecticut, West Virginia, Missouri, and every other State necessary to the election of a president. [Applause.] This is a time of great expectations. But those who prophesy vivid change and beckon experiment in new places are reminded that their expectations are still only the shadows of things hoped for, the sub- stance of things that remain to be seen. It is to be hoped that their fondest expectations of reinforcements from territory that has not gone nationally Democratic in fifty years may be realized. But those who in this season of midsummer political tempest expect lightning to strike in unusual places are reminded that it is still the safer course in making candidates to consult the certainties of experience over the speculations of experiment, and wiser to build in the light than on the lightning. Would you have a candidate who, in character, capacity and fitness, answers every test to which the most rigid code can subiect the hiph v/ DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION honor of this nomination? Would you have a candidate whose command- ing ability and virile Democracy have redeemed and made militant the Democracy of his State? Would you have a candidate who is in the prime of his intellectual powers and physical vigor? Would you have a candidate unhampered by faction and enthusiastically supported by the united, harmonious Democracy of his State? Would you have a candidate about whose fidelity to Democratic principles and loyalty to Democratic tickets all question is foreclosed in advance? Would you have a candidate whose State has borne on its bosom the fortunes of national politics through nearly one hundred years? Would you have a candidate Avho is a stranger to defeat, who wall carry overwhelmingly his own State and with it all the States necessary to the installation of a Democratic President? Would you have a candidate who, by his prac- tical sense and solid wisdom in the administration of the high office of President, would render his party invincible in the respect, esteem and confidence of the whole country? Such a candidate the united Democracy of Indiana presents to this Convention in the person and character of Governor Thomas B. Marshall. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll, and called the State of Michigan. .Mr. P. H. O 'Brien, of Michigan, rose. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair recognizes Mr. P. H. O'Brien, of Michigan. SPEECH OF P. H. O'BBIEN. _-- MR. P. H. O'BRIEN, of Michigan: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, from the shores of Lake Superior, in the great Peninsular State, I want to say to you, as a progressive Democrat, that I believe the one man who makes the logical appeal to the progressive people of our common country is the governor of New Jersey, and therefore, as representing a respectable minority of the Michigan delegation, we want to pledge ten votes for Governor Wilson on the first ballot. [Applause.] I believe, gentleman of the Convention, in what is inevitable to every fair-minded Democrat in the country who lx?]ieves in progress and in patriotism and in the man above the dollar, and in what is becoming more and more inevitable ever}' day and every hour and every minute the nomination and the election by an overwhelming majority of the people of the United States of Governor Woodrow Wilson, of Xew -Jer- sey. [Applause.] REMABKS OF JOHN E. KINNANE. MR. JOHN E. KIXNAXE, of Michigan : Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, I also desire to speak a few words on behalf of delegates from the State Of Michigan, and to say that a majority of the delegates from the t!74 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE jreat Peninsular State favor the nomination of Hon. Champ Clark. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll, and called the State of Minnesota. Mr. Alfred Jacques, of Minnesota, rose. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Minnesota, Mr. Alfred Jacques. SPEECH OF ALFRED JACQUES. MR. ALFRED JACQUES, of Minnesota: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, it is a pleasure for me to stand before this Conven- tion and speak in behalf of the great State of Minnesota. The State of Minnesota will not feel that it has done its full duty to its sister commonwealth unless it meets its conviction and seconds the nomination of Wcodrow Wilson. [Applause.] Minnesota is fortunate in this respect, that it has no individual dele gates to be considered here in this matter. It could have been repre sented by me. I have noticed while in attendance upon this Conven- tion, as one of Minnesota 's representatives, that it is a common thing to' have conflicts between the friends of the respective candidates from the different States. In Minnesota there were not enough Democrats in opposition to Woodrow Wilson to constitute a contesting delegation. In one respect I can speak for the great Northwest. Minnesota 'L; Democracy has taken occasion at different times to announce that it is a part of the aggressive and progressive Bryan Democracy of the north- west [applause], and it is proud and glad to announce tod^y that it stands shoulder to shoulder with the aggressive and progressive Wilson Democracy of the State of New Jersey. [Applause.] We were com- pelled to come here in the way in which we have, representing Woodrow Wilson, but not only is the Democracy of Minnesota for Woodrow Wilson, but so is a large proportion of the Eepublicans of that State. [Ap- plause.] We are prepared to say that the Republicans of Minnesota have become disgusted with the conditions existing in their party an'l are in favor of Mr. Wilson. [Applause.] We in Minnesota think we know what a Democrat is. Some time ago we learned that there had been a house cleaning down in New Jersey, and upon investigation we discovered that there was an intelligent, pro- gressive and great Democrat who did the house cleaning in New Jersey. We came here to urge his nomination, and we knew that our judgment of him was correct when wo found the great State of Texas standing \vith us. The State of Minnesota stands with the Lone Star of Texas [applause], and Woodrow Wilson bridges the great territorial distance between us. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll, and called the State of Mississippi. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 175 MR. EARL BREWER, of Mississippi: Mr. Chairman THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The Chair presents Governor Brewer, of Mississippi. SPEECH OF EAEL BEEWER. MR. EARL BREWER, of Mississippi: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, I hail from that section of our great country, the South, which, when we were seeking to found a republic that, uniting the States, would stand as the greatest republic in the history of the world, fur nished Washington, the Father of his country. [Applause.] Again, my fellow countrymen, when a foreign foe threatened to invade our country and devastate our homes, and the necessities of the times called for a great man, as a ship at sea in a storm calls for a pilot, the attention of the nation was called to the man of the hour, and old Andrew Jackson walked out as the shining star, and all the people of Tennessee volunteered, and rallied around him as did the whole nation to keep the foot of a foreign foe off the soil which they regarded as hallowed ground. And now, my fellow countrymen, at a time when our people are over- burdened by the high cost of living, at a time when the laws of the nation are so framed as to take money out of one man's pocket ami transfer it to another's, our country again calls for a great man. That section of the South from which I come has never gone Re- publican. When Republicanism has threatened to overthrow the very Democracy itself, we have stood firm and beaten back the aggressor, even as the Rock of Gibraltar resists the waves of the sea. -Sometimes on the morning after election the returns from the respective States have shown that everything has gone wrong except Mississippi. [Applause.] Gentlemen of the Convention, for fifty-two long years we have not come before a Democratic Convention and presented a candidate, but now we come and say we can furnish you the man to lead the Demo- cratic party. During all these years in the past we have furnished you the votes, and now when we ask you to give us a hearing, will you give us a stone? We tell you that ;f you want a presidential candidate who is a man from the top of his head to the soles of his feet, who is not afflicted with any of the isms, who never took orders from Wall Street or from an oracle in the West, but a man who co-mes and gets his orders from the rural districts, from the country, from the common people; if you want a man who will lower the cost of living, and who will perplex the Re- publican party in all kinds of ways, nominate that sterling -young man of the Soutli who comes fresh and untarnished from the people, but wh i comes with a heart full of patriotism, and with a record that is without a blemish. We say to you come and join with us and vote for Oscar W. Underwood, of Alabama. [Applause.] 176 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE MR. WILLIAM J. STONE, of Missouri (when the State of Missouri w;is called) : Missouri yields to Colorado. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair presents Mr. Charles F. Tew. of Colorado. [Applause.] SPEECH OF CHARLES F. TEW. MR. CHARLES F. TEW, of Colorado: Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentle- men, this is the crisis of the greatest political conflict this nation has ever seen. This is a climax of the great struggle that is ever old and ever new government by the many or government by the few; the conflict between the favored classes and the toiling thousands; between aris- tocracy upon one side and democracy upon the other, not the Democracy of party merely, but the true democracy of the nation. The great and growing problem among the people is: "Shall the great Republic founded upon the principle and dedicated to the propo- sition that all just powers of government are derived from the consent of the governed, live and flourish or wither and decay t ' ' Shall the great hope of liberty and equality here and everywhere live on. or shall it descends to a name and semblance, a sham and pretense, like sounding brass and a tinkling cymbal? The great commons of the country the real democracy knows that our ship of state has drifted far to sea and demands that she be now returned unto her true course. There is an awakening of that great giant, public opinion, demanding action. There can be no compromise and no procrastination. There can be no faltering now hesitate, and your epitaph is upon the wall like at the feast of Belshazzar. The Democracy of the nation has already spoken, you may write your plat- form here, but it has been already written in the hearts of patriots and trumpeted upon the lips of the thousands. Our banner must bear the legend: "Give the Government back to the people." That's an "ensign as noble and as grand as ever in motto floated above a nation's arms or glittered on Crusader's shield." [Applause.] The conditions are ripe for the grandest victory that right and justice ever achieved over the Philistines of power. Our enemies divided on this great issue rend themselves asunder. A house divided against itself cannot stand. This is the people 's inning ; it is the people 's year. Their mandates are too clear to be misunderstood, too emphatic to be denied. They re- quire that we float the old banner, stand true to the old principles and that we seal the promise by the nomination of a leader who has been time tried and seasoned in battle for them. They demand a man of intelligence and integrity, a man of experience not in theory alone but in actual contact with public affairs a time-tried and true Democrat in both words and action, a man of the stamp of that old sire of the Democratic party who penned the great declaration of basic DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 177 principles of free government and of that defender of those doctrines who ' ' stood at the helm of American diplomacy and guided that craft through the hissing storms and tempest of rebellion into the harbor of peace" the lank rail splitter of Illinois. Such a man brings old Missouri, a man rich in years of public life without a scar upon his record, without a tarnish on his name, a war-horse of Democracy in season and out, fair weather and foul. He is all this in both words and deeds. He is a leader in the House of Representatives, upon the record of which Democracy will elect the next President of the United States. He is the man who did so much to banish C'zarism from the Speaker's chair and re-established the House as the American Commons. Such a man is for the East as well as the West, for the North as well as the South. We know him and we like him. He is as warm- hearted as Baltimore and as generous as an irrigated harvest. In the name of the West, the Centennial State Colorado seconds the nomination for candidate as President of the Republic that true an-1 tried tribune of the people, that son. of the soil of Missouri, Hou. Champ Clark, of Pike. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. SPEECH OF S. J. DOYLE. MR. S. J. DOYLE, of North Dakota (when the State of North Da- kota was called) : Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, in making a brief statement defining the position of the North Dakota delegation, it is necessary for me to read a letter which I received from the distinguished gentleman who was North Dakota's choice, and under whose instructions I came here. If you will be patient, I will take but little of your time, for I assure you I am as tired as you are. The letter which I wish to read is as follows: "S. J. DOYLE, "Chairman North Dakota Delegation, "Baltimore, Md. "My Dear Sir: "I am grateful for the compliment paid me by our fair State in urg- ing my candidacy for the high office of President of the United States. At this time, however, when the cause of the people is at stake, the strength of Progressive Democracy should not be divided. I therefore release the North Dakota delegation from its pledge to me, with full confidence that you will act together in the interest of true Democracy and in accordance with the progressive spirit of the age. "Very sincerely yours, "JOHN BURKE." Gentlemen of the Convention, the North Dakota delegation came here under instructions to cast its ballot In this Convention for North 178 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE Dakota 's most distinguished son as its choice for the nomination at the hands of this Convention for the office of President of the United States. Those instructions told us to vote for him until such time as we were released by him, or until such time as in the best judgment of a majority of the delegates we believed his choice by this Convention to be impossible. But those instructions went even further than that. We were instructed that when the time came, if it did come, when we should change from Governor Burke, then we were to cast our votes for the other candidate, whoever he might be. who in our judgment best represented the principles of progressive Democracy, whom the people of the great Northwest had con:e to understand and to love. Carrying out those instructions, after having fully discussed them and the situation with our Governor, and pursuant to the spirit of those I instructions, and pursuant to the spirit of the letter which I have read. ? when the roll of States is called and we are asked to designate our choice, the ten votes from Xorth Dakota will be cast for that candi- date whcse personality as we believe most clearly typifies the principles of progressive Democracy, the great champion of the people from the State of New Jersey, Woodrow Wilson. [Applause.] The calling of the roll was resumed. NOMINATING SPEECH OF M. A. DAUGHEBTY. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN (when the State of Ohio was called): The Chair presents to the Convention Hon. M. A. Daugherty, of Ohio. MR. M. A. DAUGHERTY, of Ohio: Mr. Chairman, gentlemen of the Convention, in the religious world, at temple and shrine, men are ac- customed to renew and nourish their faith in Church and Creed. Balti- more, beautiful Baltimore, near the Nation's Capital; Baltimore, proud metropolis of that great State in which religious freedom wr.s first proclaimed and then irade secure on the North American Continent ; Baltimore, out of whose splendid harbors imperial commerce moves, and sailing every sea. enters every market of the globe; Baltimore, southern surs and northern skies blend above and bless her like the mingling melodies of "My Maryland" and "The Star Spangled Ban ner"; Baltimore, whoso chronicles are luminous in victorious and in- spiring traditions of the old historic party of the people; Baltimore, indeed, well deserves to be the perpetual pilgrimage of the National Democracy. [Applause. ] If time sometimes brings its own revenues, it brings its own rewards and compensations in rich abundance too as the eternal years roll on. A half century and more ago, in' gloom and sorrow, Baltimore saw the Democracy divide within l;er gates and power fall from its enfeebled pft -:. Haltimore rejoices now in the hearts of all her toiling tlious:uid>. her gifted sons and her queenly unughteis, at that perfect reunion \vhk-!i foretells Democracy 's coming triumph and restoration. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 179 The encircling years in their immortal justice are bearing back to the Democracy the scepter of its former rule and glory, its rightful heritage. In 1860 the slavery of a race for which it was in no wise responsible overthrew the theretofore invincible Democracy, although it was the genius and builder of the Republic. In 1912 the strife of plundering groups of special privilege of its own creation shattered the Republican party to atoms, and before the coming ides of next November the contrast and the parallel will be complete. [Applause.] Mortal men alone do not determine the rise and fall, the advance and retrogression of political parties; other causes are more potential. Over and above the noise and din, the tumult and the fury of party conflict and party struggle, the red fire and marching columns, the thrilling oratory and picturesque literature of political campaigns there reign the moral forces which must be reckoned with for they are supreme and will and do assert their dominion in the world. [Applause.] More persuasive than party platforms, more effective than party enthusiasm and party loyalty, stronger than all party organization, greater than all the instrumentalities and activities that appear in the political arena and more influential than all of them combined is the majestic supremacy of the fundamental and immutable laws of moral order that govern the world, for these men cannot set aside, political parties cannot sus- pend, Governments cannot change. Like individuals and nations, political parties walk in the shadow of the power of the Almighty; their destiny is cast in the molds of Omnipotence. Economic and governmental issues alone have not made the Democracy resolute, militant, invulnerable and united it as it was never united in all its history; the moral law has contributed its resistless impulses. Disorganized, disrupted, fallen so low that there are none so poor as to do it reverence, a leaderless and life- less foe, degrading the Republic in the eyes of the world, openly assault- ing representative government, challenging the capacity of the people for self-government, torn by dissensions, the prey of rival factions, chained to the rock like the fabled Prometheus, the vultures of privilege that fed and fattened upon its policies now plucking its withering bones, the thunderbolts of the wrath of the Most High have descended upon the Republican party and it now stands before all the world stricken with the Divine vengeance like the builders of the Tower of Babel. {Applause. | Standing at the base of the Pryamids of the Nile, the great Na poleon, inciting his veteran legions to renewed deeds of valor, said: "Soldiers of France! Forty centuries now look down upon you." More than one hundred million American people are looking to this Convention, to you, the chosen and accredited icprcscntatives of the greatest political party of the world, comprising within its ranks more than seven million voters, assembled to set in motion and to exercise some of the functions of representative government where the popular will, that potent and irresistible influence in Republics, first begins to assume the form and dignity of law, not only for their deliverance 180 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE from the injustice and oppression, the extortion and the tyranny of Re- publican conduct, but to preserve the best and fairest form of Govern- ment that the wisdom of man under the providence of God ever es- tablished. [Applause.] And your sense of responsibility will' bo quickened and keenly stirred in the reflection that the future of your country is about to be committed to the guiding brain and conscience of the Democratic party, that your nominee will become its President for four years and that the platform of principles which you promulgate will be the accepted policies and written into the laws of the Republic. [Applause.] ; In the last ten decades in National Democratic Conventions Ohio was only a Republican State with no impressive voice in Democratic councils. To you, today, Ohio pleads the right and prays the privilege of saluta- tion from a Democratic commonwealth redeemed and regenerated by Ohio's great Democratic Governor; who never lost a political battle; who never led his party to defeat; who always carried its banner to splendid victory ; who transformed the State from the Dead Sea of Republicanism to the Paradise of Democracy and, not by any transitory issue, permanently placed the State in the Democratic column confirmed by decisive numbers in two successive elections and firmly anchored there by more than one hundred thousand Democratic majority; who crushed and strangled the Republican state machine, the most powerful and the most corrupt of modern days, with its poisonous fangs penetrating almost every department and agency of the State Government and defiantly using the State Treasury to enrich dishonest officials, its own managers and financial institutions bound to it by the strong ties of pecuniary advantage and gain ; who exacts absolute honesty and rigid economy in public affairs; Avho has purified the public service in Ohio, driven corruption from its public life, stimulated and uplifted with new and healthful tone and vigor the civic standard of its citizenship and under whose leadership Democracy in Ohio has become the protector and evangel of the aroused and dominant moral sentiment of its people, that sentiment which is the onward and upward and essential spirit of representative government. [Applause.] Taxation and revenue have been the most perplexing problems of government cvor since their institution among men. Taxation and revenue have called into exercise and developed to the utmost the intel- lectual powers of the wisest men and greatest statesmen of the world in all ages. Taxation and revenue have been subjects of ever growing and never ending interest to the people of every land ever since time began and will so continue until time shall be no more. Ohio 's great Democratic Governor has planned and put into execu- tion in that State a system of taxation and revenue so just, so simple, so comprehensive, so efficient that the burdens of government are borne equally by all property, whether corporate or individual, with a maxi- mum one per cent limitation of assessment that insures the placing of all DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 181 values upon the taxing lists and incites and induces all public officials charged with responsibility to the most careful scrutiny of all public expenditures, a system of taxation and revenue that marks its author as a constructive statesman of the first rank. [Applause.] Compensation to the toilers injured in workshop and factory and to their dependent families if accident ends in the tragedy of death, without waging an unequal contest for recompense in the courts with all the uncertainties, expense and delay attending upon the law, appeals to every man whose heart is not closed to misery and wrong. Ohio's great Democratic Governor outlined and approved a workmen's com- pensation act, the most advanced, and which promises to be the most beneficent that obtains in any state or land. Progression is the order of the day; it is borne on every breeze and warmed by every sun. The just demand for social and industrial justice to the great mass of mankind is universal and imperative. Men were never so powerful as they are today; the very earth seems to vibrate with the energies men have put into motion and employ. Govern- ments cannot lag; they must keep step to the music of progress. In this land Democracy is progressive always; revolutionary never. ?t builds on settled and tried foundations and not on the shifting sands of storm and tempest. It rests its faith in the strength and not in the weaknesses, in the virtues and not in the passions of men. It allays rather than fans into lurid flame the slumbering fires of discontent. Guided by its great Democratic Governor, Ohio has accomplished more real and true progression, the progression that builds up and does not destroy and that places Ohio first in the advancing progression of- states, than any other commonwealth, and accomplished too, and this has been its most distinguishing feature, along and within the boundary lines of existing constitutional provisions, for he believes in the estab- lished institutions of his country, has not lost faith in representative government and is unwilling to exchange it for the legends and the fables or the memorials and the ruins of so called pure Democracy, [Applause.] No man can take the oath of office as President of the United States who does not believe in representative government, because every letter and line and sentence of that imperishable document speaks and breathes the very spirit and soul of a representative Democracy. The life and achievements of Ohio 's great Democratic Governor illustrate the pos- sibilities and the opportunities of American citizenship, for we see the farmer's son, the country schoolboy, the college student, the struggling lawyer, the accomplished judge, the counsellor of a President in the cabinet of the Nation, the Attorney General with profound legal learning and inexorable logic successfully urging the greatest court of the world to render the first decree vitalizing the anti-trust laws enacted by an American Congress and who is again summoned by the assembled Governors of States, and he responds to the call, to speak and plead in 182 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF TJII: the same great tribunal for the preservation and maintenance of the rights and integrity of the States against the constant encroachments of Federal power and Federal courts, hidden under cover of corporate hostility to the regulation of rates by state railway commissions. [Applause.] Selected by the Department of Justice, because of his recognized abilities to aid in the enforcement of Anti-Trust laws, he earnestly recommends and urges that the criminal provisions of the statute be employed against the individuals shielding themselves behind corporate names, declaring that guilt is always personal, but he was promptly advised that his services were no longer needed, because he had com- mitted the unpardonable sin of discovering that the chief offender was a Presidential adviser stretching his feet under the council table of an eiratic and bombastic, splenetic and pragmatic Republican President. [Applause.] There is no envy in the hearts of Ohio Democrats; they delight to honor the distinguished sons of other States whose names have been presented to this Convention for nomination to the Presidency of the United States. But in availability, in merit, in mental and moral equipment, in the union of every quality of leadership and statesman- ship. Ohio does not yield to any, for there stands the most commanding figure in the public life of this land today. [Applause.] Legitimate industry will not halt, honest business will not tremble, but the sluggish currents of commerce and trade will leap and bound responsive to the pulsations of a new life when his nomination and election are announced, while trust and monopoly then will know that their death knell has been sounded for the sympathies of this great and good man are centered about the ' ' short and simple annals of the poor." With him it is the conviction of a keen and ynerring intellect sustained by unfaltering purpose too, that the contentment and happi- ness of millions will be promoted when the men who carry on their hands and faces from their daily toil the soot and the grime of factories, the men who delve into the earth in search of its hidden treasures, the men who stand at the blistering furnace fires, the men who make the "sparks fly from the smitten steel, the men who guide lever and wheel on land and sea, the men who toil in the open beneath the burning suns of summer and face the cutting winds of winter, the men who turn the rich soil to the sun to reap the golden harvest, all shall be permitted to enjoy the fruits of their labors undiminished by the exactions of an intolerable Republican monopoly and free from the extortions of an odious and hated Republican tariff. [Applause.] If you prefer a political leader whose name is always associated with victory and never with defeat ; if you wish to choose a Democrat loyal and devoted to the cardinal doctrines of Democratic faith; if you are Mling to trust the future of your party and your country to the \ . I lorn of consummate statesmanship, come to Ohio, dear and grand DEMOCRATIC XATIONAL ('<>.\vi:vriox 183 Ohio, child of old Virginia; Ohio with its homes, its schools and its churches; Ohio with its lovely valleys, its magnificent woodlands, its sunkissed hills; Ohio, ''where no brighter suns dispense serener light and no milder moons imparadise the night ' ' ; Ohio, set in the universe like a morning sunbeam. Ohio now names as your nominee for President her gifted and brilliant son of quiet dignity, superb poise and spotless life, preeminent in leadership, in law, in statesmanship, in intellectual and moral greatness, the greatest Governor in all her history, Judson Harmon. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll, and Oklahoma was called. Mr. Thomas P. Gore, of Oklahoma, rose. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Gentlemen of the Convention, I now present Senator Gore of Oklahoma. [Applause.] SPEECH OF THOMAS P. GOEE. Mi:. THOMAS P. GORE, of Oklahoma: Gentlemen of the Convention, I have too much respect for this great Democratic Convention to levy a high tax upon your patience at this unseemly hour. I speak in beiialf of a portion of the Oklahoma delegation. The Democracy is as united as one man in desiring the election of a Democratic President. The Democracy is as united as one man in desiring the nomination of a man who is able to win and who is worthy to win. We have a splendid array of talent and of statesmanship from which to make our selection. We differ temporarily in our choice between these distin- guished and deserving Democrats, but our differences are only transient. They are as fleeting as the clouds, as evanescent as the mists of the morning. When the morrow comes, the Democracy will be not only united but will be unanimous in support of the choice of this Convention. [Applause.] But more important than the candidate is the cause which he repre- sents. More important than the President himself are the 'principles for which he stands and which he would enforce. We must, my fellow Democrats, nominate for the Presidency a man who embodies the very spirit of Jeffersonian Democracy, one who believes in the divine right of the people to govern themselves^ one who is opposed to the existing system of tariffs and trusts, which enables one set of men to get some- thing for nothing, while obliging other men to part with something for nothing. We must nominate a man who, in the great struggle between the privileged classes upon the one hand and the unprivileged masses upon the other, stands for equal and exact justice to all and favoritism to none; one who believes that the supreme object of human government is to secure justice among men; one who believes that unto every man should be rendered his due, who will see to it that the high and the 184 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE get their dues, nothing more; who will see to it that the poor and the humble get their dues, nothing less. We must nominate a man who knows that "Through the ages one increasing purpose runs And the thoughts of men are widened with the process of the suns." But it is not sufficient to nominate a man who deserves to win. We have done that twice, thrice, four times in the recent history of this Republic, and yet we have failed. We must nominate a candidate in whom ability unites with availability. Let iis concede that these dis- tinguished Democrats all possess the requisite ability. The only point for rs then to consider and determine is their respective availability. My fellow Democrats, availability consists of two elements, the capacity of the candidate to poll the full strength of his own party, and his capacity to win votes from the opposing party. We ought to nom- inate a candidate who can secure the entire Democratic vote of the nation, for we cannot afford to trade Democratic votes even for Repub- lican votes. We must have boot when it comes to bargaining of that description. But admit that all the candidates can poll the full Democratic vote in the United States. That still is not sufficient. During the last four campaigns we have had the best principles, we have had the best plat- forms, we have had the best cause, we have had the best candidates; we have had everything that we needed, excepting only votes, and I might add, campaign funds. [Applause.] The candidate w r hose nomination I shall second, I believe equally with any other can secure the united vote of a united Democracy, and I believe more than any other candidate perhaps can secure the inde- pendent vote of the Republic, that vast section of independent voters who occupy the borderland between the Democratic and the Republican parties, and who have elected our Presidents in the past and will elect them in the future. The candidate whose nomination I second can, I believe, more than any other, best secure the disaffected Republican votes in the United States; and, blessed be God, there are many dis- affected Republicans in the United States today, and I trust that the Lord will increase their tribe. [Applause.] During the last three and one half years President Taft has been as busy as a bee carrying out the policies of Theodore Roosevelt on a stretcher. [Laughter.] Why do I say that the candidate whose nomina- tion I second can secure the disaffected Republican independent voters? I say it because he has secured their votes. In the State of New Jersey he converted a Republican majority of more than 82,000 into a Democratic majority of more than 41,000. [Applause.] When I hear Republican senators say that they will support Wilson against Taft, I am persuaded of his availability. When I hear Republican senators saying that Republican States will go for Wilson by 30,000 over T;ift, T am convinced of his availability. [Applause.] DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 185 My fellow Democrats, I want this country to go Democratic from the eastern to the western sea. I want Maine to go Democratic, I want Massachusetts to go Democratic, I want Michigan and Minnesota to go Democratic, I want the Dakotas, Montana, Idaho and Washington to go Democratic. I want Colorado, Illinois, Iowa and Pennsylvania to go Democratic. [Applause.] If you will nominate Woodrow Wilson there will be only six safe Republican States in the United States of America. [Applause.] The rest will either be Democratic or doubtful. My fellow Democrats, I am looking deeper into the future than the pending contest. Euin and disintegration have been the fate of every conservative party in the history of this Eepublic. The Federalist party was overwhelmed by the rising tide of Jeffersonian Democracy. Jeffer- son deliberately planned the execution of the Federalist party. The Whig party was engulfed by the rising tide of progress and of liberalism in the United States. The proud, imperious Republican party, whose word but yesterday might have stood against the world, now lies so poor that none will do it reverence. The proud, arrogant and omnipotent Republican party is today stranded, broken between the rock of Taft stand-pattism on the one hand and the whirlpool of Rooseveltian radical- ism on the other. There must be and there will be a progressive party in the United States. Shall that party be the Democratic party or shall it be the Roosevelt party? Either the Democracy or the Roosevelt party will be the progressive party of the nation. Which shall it be? This Convention must answer that question whether it would answer it or not. You cannot escape the answer. If we adopt a progressive platform and nominate a candidate who is neither a reactionary upon the one hand nor a revolutionary upon the other, a candidate who opposes the con- servatism which means stagnation, as he opposes the radicalism which means convulsion, one who will not embrace the new on account of its novelty nor reject the old on account of its antiquity; one who embodies and typifies that spirit of progress which has led the race from the cave- dweller unto the summit of modern civilization. If we meet our duty we can fulfill our destiny. It is not for me to suggest, but it is for you to consider if you will: If to the distracted and tormented Republican party we desire to present a united and triumphant Democracy, conceding the splendid record represented here by all the candidates, then nominate Wilson for the Presidency; nominate one of the other candidates for the Vice- Presidency, and advance another to the Speakership of the House. That is for you to determine. The Democracy is united, and united it is triumphant. Nominate for the Presidency, my fellow Democrats, a man who is devoted to the right against the wrong, who is devoted to justice against injustice, who is devoted to liberty against slavery, who is devoted to man as against mammon, who is devoted to good government as against the grafter and his graft. Nominate for the Presidency of the United 186 OFFICIAL PBOCEEDINGS OF THE States this day a man who will consecrate the. highest talents with which the Lord God Almighty has endowed him to the service and glory of this the grandest Republic that ever stood upon "this bank and shoal of time." Such a man I tender to you in Governor Woodrow "Wilson of the State of New Jersey. [Applause.] THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair presents to the Conven- tion Representative Scott Ferris, of Oklahoma. SPEECH OF SCOTT FERRIS. MR. SCOTT FERRIS, of Oklahoma: Mr. Chairman, fellow Democrats, and gentlemen of the Convention, I shall at this late hour detain you but a moment. I wish, on behalf of one-half of the Oklahoma delega- tion, to second the nomination of a man I have known all my life. For 25 years the man I shall name has each day fought the battles of Democracy from one end of this country to the other. [Applause.] When the Democrats were in trouble in Maine he journeyed there to help them. When the Democrats were in trouble in Texas he jour- neyed there to help them. When the Democrats were in trouble in my own State he journeyed there to help them. When the Democrats were in trouble in the 60th Congress, with Joe Cannon and 57 Repub- lican majority, he was there to help them. [Applause.] When the Democrats were in trouble in the 61st Congress, with Joe Cannon and a Republican Congress, he was there to iielp them. [Applause.]. In the 62nd Congress, when the Democrats, through his wise and benefi- cent leadership, had 71 majority, he was there to help them. [Ap- plause.] Not forgetful of the platform pledges, true to organized labor, true to the American farmer, true to the American consumer, the man I desire to second the nomination of is none other than dear old Champ Clark. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll, and the State of Pennsylvania was called. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : Gentlemen of the Convention, I present Congressman Palmer, of Pennsylvania. SPEECH OF A. MITCHELL PALMER. MR. A. MITCHELL PALMER, of Pennsylvania: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, I rise to second the nomination of Woodrow Wilson. Born in the Old Dominion, whose proudest boast proclaims her the mother of Presidents, reared to manhood in the Empire State of the South, trained in the science of government in this border city, where four Democratic Presidents have been named, he brought the Democracy of his early environment and education to the attainment of truer American ideals for a great institution of DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 187 learning in the North and the accomplishment of real government of the people in the most sorely despoiled commonwealth upon this con- tinent. The State of Pennsylvania, long pillaged by the blighting hand of privilege and now shamefully browbeaten in the name of reform, emerg- ing from the dark hour which surely precedes the dawn, turns with hope and confidence to the rising sun, where the "scholar in polities" has lighted up the whole horizon. We adopt Woodrow Wilson as our own, and with him to lead, Pennsylvania can and will be redeemed. [Applause.] Pennsylvania's appeal should not be measured by results in the throt- tled past, but by the assurance of the open future. Without hope of reward or expectation of victory, a half million men in that State have remained true to the historic principles of the Democratic party, and now with the organization responsive to the people's will and in full sympathy with the progressive sentiment of the State, it becomes no mere figure of speech to voice the prophecy that Pennsylvania will re- sume her early place among Democratic States. [Applause.] But I shall make my appeal not alone in the name of the progres- sive Democracy of the State for which I speak, but in the name also of the young men everywhere, whose ideals, purposes and accomplish- ments in every State will parallel those of the young men of Pennsyl- vania, who have recently shown their tremendous power in effecting clean politics and honest government. The most significant condition in present day American politics is the tendency of the rising generation of men to blaze a new trail for political action in the future. Let no man deceive himself as to the meaning of the movement which swept like the torrent of a tidal wave across the country in the fall of 1910 and maintained its height practically unshaken in the elections of 1911. It 'was no partisan victory in the old fashioned sense. Let no great leader of any party or faction lay the flattering unction to his soul that then the country responded with loud resound- ing voice to his appeal for the enforcement of the ancient principles of either of the great political parties. The fact is and the old men may as well accept it for the young men know it that the political party of yesterday is not the party today. [Applause.] We are asking for a leader whose promise and performance will appeal to the rising generation of American men who are now changing the political alignment of American citizenship. The destiny of the country is in the hands of the young men of the land, who have come upon the stage of action since the great problems of today have beckoned for solution to the men of clean minds and strong hearts who have a higher regard for the welfare and prosperity of their children than they have for the political dogma of their fathers. [Applause.] 188 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE These young men of independent thought and action are beir.g told by many party leaders that the principles laid down before the present day problems arose to challenge the judgment of statesmen are the unbending and absolute test to measure the remedies for ailments of* which men of fifty years ago never dreamed, and which, because human like ourselves, they could not foresee. They are being told there is no such thing as a new Republicanism or a new Democracy, and that the two great parties are planted in the soil tilled by our fathers after deep thought and strenuous labor, and that it is political heresy to preach the doctrine of a new, an up-to-date, a twentieth century political 1 creed. [Applause.] But every sign points to the fact that the young men of the coun- try are persisting in that heresy. They hold more lightly every year the tie which binds them to any party which will not accommodate itself to new conditions. They would leave, without compunction, any political organization when once they are convinced that its leaders are so hide- bound to the faith of the fathers that they are blind to the significance of the battle now being waged on every side by rising men with new ideas, and deaf to the present demand for better conditions in politics and truer performance in government. They would be faithful to the ideals of the fathers, but they do not shrink from that elastic interpre- tation of party principles which permits the solution of today's prob- lems without regard for yesterday's conditions. A veneration for ancient landmarks which is too devout, a respect for the work of dead men which is too holy, will blind the party to the crying needs of a living present and an imperishable future. History is a teacher, not a master. Yesterday is gone, today is only an opportunity to prepare for the morrow, which is crowding on its heels. That states- man will be the greatest leader of his time of whom it can be truest said by the rising generation of men. "His mind is in the past, but his hand is on the present, and his eye is on the future." [Applause.] The young men in both the great parties, whose habits of thought have not been stunted by blind adherence to party names, or powers of speech silenced by the loud noise- of party shibboleths, are looking for an instrument to work their will. They will eventually but certainly go into that political organization which measures up with the truest fidelity to the gigantic task of bringing order out of the chaos which has resulted in the business world from disobedience to the law of the land. They will make themselves a mighty power to demand just distribution of the benefits of government instead of the favoritism which has resulted from law-made prosperity for a privileged class at the expense of a heavily burdened people. They will tie themselves only to that party which gives the best promise to bring home closer to the people all the operations of government by a stricter regulation of business affairs, and a closer surveillance of political activities. [Ap. plause.] DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 189 They will no longer tolerate either the bi-partisan political machine, reigning in man} 7 States, or its natural outgrowth, the partnership between political and business organizations, now powerful in Executive Chamber, in the Senate, and on the Bench. In their search for a leader of the new thought in the old Democracy, the young men have turned to Wilson. [Applause.] We choose him for what he is and for what he is not. We follow him because of what he stands for as well as what he stands against. We believe in him because his performance has squared with his promise to the last inch of the specifications. He voices the aspirations of the young men who seek the ideals of the Twentieth Century Democracy, but he promises fulfillment of their hopes with methods tested by time. He is a conservative on the move. He stands for radical measures to be accomplished in a conservative and orderly fashion. He appeals to independent men, but attracts most quickly those in the front ranks of advanced thought. He carries no flaming torch of discontent and makes no appeal to passion or prejudice. He holds aloft the steady lamp of knowledge and makes his appeal to the reason and intellect of patriotic men. [Applause.] The easy line of least resistance has never been his pathway. As a public servant, he has accepted the people's verdict, always treading the straight line from judgment to execution. When he denied to the "board of guardians" of New Jersey the right to rule the State, he gave his bond for the faithful conservation of the people's rights when called to higher place. W T hen he refused, as the part)- 's chosen leader, to permit a self -named boss to betray the people's will, he entered security that under him no act of party dis- honor will ever soil the record of a Democratic administration. When he made his own political path more difficult by breaking the friend- ship of years to prevent the grip of Wall Street from tightening upon hi in, he measured up to the supreme test of unselfish devotion to the public interest. Give us such a leader, standing upon the platform of progress which' he personifies, and all the power of Presidential patronage, plutocracy and political piracy will be of no avail to defeat your cause. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll, and the State of .South Carolina was called. Mr. Ellison D. Smith, of South Carolina, rose. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair presents to the Convention Senator Smith, of South Carolina. REMARKS OF ELLISON D. SMITH. MR. ELLISON D. SMITH, of South Carolina: Fellow Democrats, just one word of congratulation to you. I think it is worth while. What WJB went through last night was a sufficient test of united Democracy, 190 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS or THE What we have passed through last night and this morning is a test of the fact that the Democratic party are not going to form a new party, but will stay in the old, and fight it out in their own party. They are not going off on a tangent. I will tell you what let us do. Let us nominate Woodrow Wilson. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll, and the State of Virginia was called. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair presents to the Convention Representative Henry D. Flood, of Virginia. SPEECH OF HENRY D. FLOOD. MR. HENRY D. FLOOD, of Virginia: Mr. Chairman, gentlemen of the . Convention, ladies and gentlemen, it is the essential strength of the Demo- cratic party that there should be different opinions among its members as to the man who should receive its honors, and I rejoice that we are embarrassed today by the number and brilliancy of the names which have challenged public favor for this nomination. It is the glory of the Democratic party that "its members will re- nounce all personal opinions and preferences when the choice has been made by this great Democratic Council of War; will move on the enemy with unbroken ranks, and will elect the nominees of this Conven- tion. [Applause.] It is a pleasant task to voice the sentiment of your State for one of the splendid Democrats whose name has been presented, and it is with great pleasure that I, in the name of the people of Virginia, upon whose soil his ancestors were born, second the nomination of Oscar W. Under- wood, of Alabama, for the office of President of the United States. [Applause.] In doing this I derive a pleasure which is two-fold combining as it does the discharge of a public duty with the gratification of personal and private feelings which lie very deep in my heart. On the one hand I feel that I render a service to the Republic in presenting the fittest man within her borders for this great office; while on the other I propose the name of a gentleman for whoso purity of private life and lovable personal traits I feel a sincere and an affectionate regard. Never in its history has the Democratic party been more entitled to be entrusted with power than it is at this time ; never has it been more deserving of the confidence of the people of the country; and there are in every section of this great nation thousands of independent, patriotic Americans ready to enlist under its banner whose aid will carry our ticket to victory in November. [Applause.] In this campaign we can appeal to the people upon a record of achievement unrivaled in the political history of the country. After being out of power in every branch of the Government for DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION- 191 over fourteen years, a Democratic House convened in April, 1911; it was organized by the Ways and Means Committee with Underwood as Chair- man, with a rapidity and smoothness that commended the admiration and respect of all, and with Underwood as leader it proceeded without delay to put into effect, as far as the House could do so, the declarations of the Democratic platform of 1908. From the ' ' immediate revisions of the tariff by the reduction of import duties ' ' down to a home-rule bill for Alaska, every promise has been faithfully fulfilled. [Applause.] Bills providing for just tariff reductions and fairly distributing the burdens of taxation; a resolu- tion giving Statehood to New Mexico and Arizona; a Constitutional Amendment providing for the election of United States Senators by direct vote of the people; a measure providing for the publication of campaign (-xj-enditure's before as well < r > 42 *-u> O > Vi r-l 03 w a P Is pq S *" "3 PQ 02 O ^ 2 3 1 . , ^ ^ 3 1 . . . . Total 440* 324 148 1174 22 31 1 2 2 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : No candidate having received the necessary two thirds vote, the roll will again be called. MR. LUKE LEA, of Tennessee: Mr. Chairman, I move that the Con- vention adjourn until 4:00 o'clock today. MR. WILLIAM J. STONE, of Missouri: Mr. Chairman, I second the motion. MR. ROBERT EWING, of Louisiana: I move to lay the motion on the table. Let us go on and vote. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: It is not in order to lay on the table a motion to adjourn. MR. EWING, of Louisiana: I ^ THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : adjourn until 4:00 o'clock today. The motion was agreed to; and (at 7:00 o'clock and 36 minutes a. m., Friday, June 28) the convention adjourned until Friday, June 28, 1912, at 4:00 o'clock. move to proceed with the roll call. The question is, shall the Convention r FOURTH CONVENTION HALL, FIFTH MARYLAND REGIMENT ARMORY, BALTIMORE, June 28, 1912. The Convention met at 4:00 o'clock p. m. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Eev. Henry M. Wharton, D.D., Pastor of Brantly Baptist Church, Baltimore, will offer prayer. PRAYER OF REV. HENRY M. WHARTON, D.D. REV. HENUY M. WHARTON, D.D., Pastor of Brantly Baptist Church, Baltimore, offered the following prayer: Almighty God, our Heavenly Father, we stand in Thy presence, a great company of Americans who love their country and who honor God. We thank Thee for Thy guiding hand in all the past. And now we have reached an hour in this Convention when above all others Thy wisdom is needed. It seems that the affairs of our Government are about to pass into ne\v hands. May the great body that accepts this tremendous respon- sibility receive it with becoming humility and sincerity, and discharge its trust with conscientious patriotism. Our Father, we pray that in '' \\ iscction of one who is to be the President of this great people Wi"wilt give us a man who fears God, who accepts His word as a A^ to his path and a lamp to his feet; one whose loving heart turns T )i:mpathy to the great toiling millions of this country; one who ...us how to feel for the man who, by the sweat of his brow, makes his daily living; and God speed the day when we shall have such relief that a man shall sit down in company with his family and feel that he is not impoverished by investing his week 's earnings in a single meal. Oh, God, we pray for a man to guide our Ship of State out from among the icebergs of selfishness, of greed and of lawlessness, into the high seas of a glorious prosperity. God Almighty, grant that these men here today in the discharge of their duty may be thinking of the children, of the women, of the home people, of the real bone and sinew of this great land. Guide, we pray Thee, the officers of this Convention. Direct the conscience of every man, and so by Thy great wisdom wilt Thou bring these deliberations to a glorious issue, and may the clouds which have hung so low over our beloved land be driven away, and the muttering thunders of discontent be heard no more forever. Guide us, we pray Thee, until our work on 199 200 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE earth is done, and bring us home at last to that heavenly, that better country. We ask it in Jesus' name. Amen, BALLOT FOE CANDIDATE FOR PRESIDENT. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The Assistant Secretaries from the States of New Jersey, Missouri, Alabama, Ohio, Indiana and Connect- icut are requested to be one the platform during the day, so as to call the roll. These are the six States whence come the presidential candi- dates who have been voted for. The Secretary will call the roll of States, etc., for the second ballot for the nomination of the President. SECOND BALLOT. The Secretary called the roll, and the result was announced, Clark 446%, Wilson 339%, Harmon 141, Underwood lllk, Marshall 31, Baldwin 14, Bryan 2, Sulzer 2, not voting %, total 1,088, as follows: BALLOT No. 2. States and Territories ^ 3 # S s Si- " F I fn "~O . ~j ** -*J o C* 8 " ' 53 ^* f* ^P iS o ^ W p^S -or" fc Alabama 24 24 Arizona 6 . . 6 Arkansas 18 . . 18 California 26 . . 26 Colorado 12 .. 12 June Connecticut 14 , Delaware 6 . . . . 6 Florida 12 12 Georgia 28 28 . >d BT/U. Idaho 8 . . 8 Illinois 58 . . 58 Indiana 30 Iowa 26 .. 26 Kansas 20 . . 20 . Kentucky 26 . . 26 . . . . . . . . . Louisiana 20 . . 11 9 . . . . / . . Maine 12 . . 1 9 . . 2 Maryland 16 . . 10 Massachusetts 36 . . 35 1 Michigan 30 .. 14 11 4 1 .. .. Minnesota 24 . . . . 24 Mississippi 20 20 Missouri .36 36 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 201 States and Territories . a ' g * ' j >; ^"S ,52 5 r 2 2 o C* _JS '^ ^ olS 03 pq o !> W PPQ^SQ Montana 8 . . 8 . . Nebraska 16 . . 12 . . 4 Nevada 6 . . 6 New Hampshire 8 .. 7 1 New Jersey 28 . . 2 24 2 New Mexico 8 . . 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 . . . . 16 * 7i North Dakota 10 .. .. 10 .. Ohio ."," 48 1 2 11 34 Oklahoma 20 . . . . 10 10 Oregon 10 10 Pennsylvania 76 1 . . 72 3 Rhode Island 10 .. 10 South Carolina 18 . . . . 18 South Dakota 10 .. .. 10 Tennessee 24 . . 8 6$ 5 3 Texas ? 40 . . . . 40 Utah , 8 . . li 6i Verum 8 . . . . 8 24 . . i 9J . . 14 mia 16 . . 16 Wiscoi 26 . . 7 19 Wyoming %'< 6 . . 6 Alaska . 6 . . 4 2 ; ")ip* : -.. ; Columbia 6 .. 6 6 . . 2 3 . . 1 6 33 2 446J 339J 141 llli 14 31 2 * .umber of delegates, 1,088. v, 545. v !->AVID R. FRANCIS, of Missouri, in the Chair.) 'i ^SIDING OFFICER: There having been no choice, the Secretary will proceed to call the roll for the third ballot. THIRD BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. When the State of Ohio was called Mr. James E. Campbell an- nounced the vote of Ohio, Clark 1, Bryan 2, Wilson 11, Harmon 33, 1 not voting. 202 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE MR. W. W. DURBIN, of Ohio: Mr. Chairman, I challenge the vote of Ohio. MR. CAMPBELL, of Ohio: One delegate in the Ohio delegation has not voted. Let the Secretary call his name, and let him vote. His name -is Rinehart. MR. DURBIN, of Ohio : I challenge the correctness of the vote, ind ask a roll-call of the delegation. MR. RINEHART, of Ohio: Mr. Chairman, I insist that you poll the dele- gation. I have a right to be recorded. MR. CAMPBELL, of Ohio: Mr. Chairman, it is but fair to state that one man on the Ohio delegation had not voted when the State was called, although the Secretary of the delegation had been standing by that man for twenty minutes, and endeavoring to ascertain how he wished to vote. I reported the vote as it was when the State was called. MR. RINEHART, of Ohio: Mr. Chairman, I deny the allegation. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Is that the only vote in question? MR. CAMPBELL, of Ohio: We want him polled, but we do not want the entire delegation polled. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: We cannot select out one man from a dele- gation. The entire delegation must be polled. MR. CAMPBELL, of Ohio: We want this gentleman's vote polled, but he has not told us how he wants to vote. Let him tell the Convention. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The Chair rules that the entire Ohio dele- gation must be polled. One man cannot be selected out of the delegation and asked how he votes unless all are asked. MR. CAMPBELL, of Ohio: Let the State be passed, then. MR. RINEHART, of Ohio: I insist that the delegation be polled now. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The individual members of the Ohio dele- gation will be polled. The delegation was polled, and voted as follows: AT LARGE Harmon. Wilson. Kern. Bryan. Jas. E. Campbell 4 John H. Clark 4 Thos. J. Cogan 4 M. A. Daugherty 4 J. H. Goeke i Wm. Green 4 J. A. McMahon 4 H. L. Nichols Atlee Pomerene \ Jas. Ross i John L. Shuff \ W. S. Thomas DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL Co \\KNTION 203 Harmon. Wilson. Kern. Bryan. DISTRICTS 1 Samuel Murray 1 John W. Peck 1 2 Thos. Connors 1 John W. Devanney 1 3 Ed. W. Hanley 1 Ed. C. Sohngen. 1 4 W. A. Browne 1 H. C. Fox 1 5 John S. Snook 1 J. W. Smith 1 6 M. R. Denver 1 J. W. Lingo 1 7 P. J. Shouvlin 1 Jeff W. Combs 1 8 W. W. Durbin 1 J. M. Saylor 1 9 Frank A. Baldwin 1 H. A. Ashley 1 10 M. F. Merriman 1 Vallee Harold 1 11 Van A. Snider 1 Jacob Dean 1 . . . . . . * 12 Fred J. Heer 1 Ben H. Harmon 1 13 Ira E. Pontius 1 W. H. Kinehart 1 14 Chaa. Beer 1 Don J. Young 1 15 E. T. Scott 1 H. T. Sutton 1 16 Jas. McConville .. 1 D. E. Yost .. .. 1 17 Jas. E, Fitzgibbon 1 Lyman S. Hitchcock 1 . . . . 18 Ed. H. Moore 1 J. J. Whitacre. 1 19 L. C. Koplin 1 A. S. Frister 1 20 F. A. Tuttle 1 Chas. W. Lapp 1 21 Newton D. Baker 1 E. J. Bulkley 1 33 13 1 1 204 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE MR. CAMPBELL, of Ohio: Mr. Chairman, in the Eighth District Mr. Saylor is alternate for Mr. MacCracken, who has been dead for two weeks, and in the Twentieth District Mr. F. A. Tuttle is alternate for Mr. Thomas P. Schmidt. The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll of States, etc., the result was announced : Clark 441, Wilson 345, Harmon 140$, Underwood 114$, Marshall 31, Baldwin 14, Bryan 1, Kern 1, as follows : BALLOT No. 3. States and Territories p ~ Alabama .... O t~ Zt PQ 24 .. 45 ' c ^ *3 w t' o o >> W P S 50 PQ W n 24 Arizona 6 . . -6 Arkansas .... 18 .. 18 California . . . 26 .. 26 Colorado 12 . . 12 Connecticut . . 14 . . 14 Delaware .... 6 . . 6 Florida 12 . . 12 Georgia 28 . . 28 Idaho 8 . . 8 Illinois 58 .. 58 Indiana 30 . . 30 Iowa 26 .. 26 Kansas 20 .. 20 Kentucky .... 26 .. 26 Louisiana .... 20 .. 11 9 Maine 12 .. 1 11 Maryland .... 16 .. 16 Massachusetts 36 .. 35 1 Michigan .... Minnesota . . . 30 .. 24 .. 14 11 4 1 24 Mississippi 20 .. 20 Missouri 36 .. 36 Montana 8 . . 8 Nebraska .... 16 .. 12 4 Nevada 6 .. 6 N. Hampshire. 8 .. 7 1 New Jersey . . New Mexico. . 28 .. 8 . . 2 24 2 8 New York. . . . 90 . . 90 . . . . N. Carolina... 24 . . 16$ 2J 5 N. Dakota. 10 10 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 205 p p ;3 States and . s - Territories "o | * I I O * S 3 C8 B Ctf pq W t> S Ohio 48 1 13 33 Oklahoma .... 20 .. 10 10 Oregon 10 . . .'. . . 10 Pennsylvania . 76 73 3 Rhode Island . 10 . . 10 S. Carolina.. . 18 18 . S. Dakota 10 10 Tennessee .... 24 .. 5 64 4 84 .. Texas 40 40 Utah 8 .. 14 64 Vermont 8 8 Virginia 24 .. 4 94 14 Washington . . 14 . . 14 W. Virginia.. 16 .. 16 '. Wisconsin .... 26 . . 7 19 Wyoming .... 6 . . 6 Alaska 6 .. 4 2 Dist. of Col . . 6 . . 6 Hawaii 6.. 2 3 1 Porto Rico .. 6 3 3 Total 1 441 345 1404 H44 31 . . 14 1 . . Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : There being no choice, the Secretary Avill proceed to call the roll for the fourth ballot. FOURTH BALLOT. The Secretary called the roll, and the result was announced: Clark 443, Wilson 3494, Harmon 1364, Underwood 112, Marshall 31, Baldwin 14, Kern 2, as follows: $ I States and Territories t-t o . . . 24 S3 o Harmon |jo Underw Baldwin Marshal a Arizona . . . . . .. 6 6 Arkansas . .. 18 18 . 26 26 Colorado . . 12 12 206 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE " C *""" States and Territories w d '> 5 o .* g E 8 -H 8 b -2 5 - *o S ' '5' *fc s I* a : : fi i a .a Connecticut 14 14 Delaware 6 . . 6 Florida 12 . . ' . . .. 12 Georgia 28 28 Idaho 8 8 Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 30 Iowa 26 26 Kansas 20 20 Kentucky 26 26 . . Louisiana 20 10 10 Maine 12 1 11 Maryland 16 16 Massachusetts 36 33 1 . . 2 Michigan 30 15 10 3 1 . . 1 Minnesota 24 . . 24 Mississippi 20 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 8 Nebraska 16 12 3 1 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 6 2 New Jersey 28 2 24 . . 2 New Mexico - 8 8 New York 90 . . . . 90 North Carolina 24 16* .2 5 North Dakota 10 10 Ohio 48 ... 13 33 2 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 . . 10 Pennsylvania 76 . . 73 3 Bhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 . . 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee 24 11 6 3$ 3 Texas 40 . . 40 Utah 8 li 6* Vermont 8 . . 8 Virginia 24 * 9J .. 14 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 207 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION Wisconsin . 26 Wyoming 6 6 Alaska 6 4 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 2 Porto Rico . 62 Total 443 349i 136J 112 14 31 2 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : No one having received two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the fifth ballot. FIFTH BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. When the State of Kansas was called the vote was announced. Clark 20. MR. J. W. ORR, of Kansas: Mr. Chairman, I challenge the vote of Kansas, and we ask for a roll-call. MR. B. J. SHERIDAN, of Kansas: As a member of the Kansas dele- gation I would like to read the instructions that our State convention gave to the delegation. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Secretary will poll the Kansas delegation. .MR. SHERIDAN, of Kansas: No, Mr. Chairman, I want to read the instructions first. The instructions given in the Hutchinson Convention of Kansas on the 14th of March, 1912, were as follows: "Be it further resolved, That we hereby instruct the twenty delegates of Kansas, elected today to the Baltimore Convention, to vote for him [Clark] as a unit until two-thirds of the delegation believe his nomina- tion to be impossible." Mr. Chairman, the delegation has been polled, and the vote stands 9 for Clark, 11 for Wilson. Under the instructions of the State Convention I therefore give the vote as 20 for Clark. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Does the gentleman dispute the count as announced? MR. ORR, of Kansas: Yes, I do, and I ask that this delegation be polled. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : Does the gentleman desire the resolu- tion read from the platform? MR. SHERIDAN, of Kansas: Yes. 208 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The official copy of the resolution will be read by the Secretary. The Secretary read as follows: "Be it further resolved, That we hereby instruct the 20 delegated from Kansas, elected today to the Baltimore Convention,., to vote for him [Clark] as a unit until two-thirds of the delegation believe his nomina- I tion to be impossible ; and the delegates elected by this State Convention are further instructed that on all other matters coming before the Democratic Convention of 1912 they shall vote as a unit as a majority of the said delegates may direct. "And ~be it further resolved. That if it becomes evident that Mr. . Clark cannot be nominated, then our 2'0 delegates shall vote for Wood- row Wilson, as long as, in the judgment of two-thirds of the delegates f roin Kansas, he has a chance for the nomination. ' ' MR. A. MITCHELL PALMER, of Pennsylvania: Mr. Chairman, if the Chair has made a ruling, I ask that it be again stated. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : There has been no ruling as yet. The Chair rules that as long as two-thirds of the delegates from Kansas do not vote that Clark has no chance for the nomination, the vote of Kansas in its entirety of 20 must be cast for him, as directed by the State Con- vention. [Applause.] If the gentleman from Kansas demands a poll of the delegation to ascertain whether or not two-thirds of them are of the opinion that Clark cannot win, the Chair will order it. Do you desire a poll of your State delegation? MR. ORR, of Kansas: Yes. Call the roll of the Kansas delegation. MR. A. MITCHELL PALMER, of Pennsylvania : Mr. Chairman, I make the point of order that under the resolution of instruction of the Kansas Convention the question whether the delegation shall go to Clark or Wilson is entirely for the delegation itself to determine, and whatever poll shall be made for the purpose of determining whether two-thirds believe that Mr. Clark still has a chance for the nomination must be made by the delegation itself, and not by this Convention. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: That is what the Chair is trying to ascertain. MR. PALMER, of Pennsylvania : I understood that the Chair had in- structed the Secretary of the Convention to call the roll of the delega- tion. My point is that the roil must be called by the delegation itself, and the result announced to the Convention. In other words, they must settle it within their own delegation. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : In the Kansas delegation the unit rule prevails, and the vote should be cast for Clark until two-thirds of the delegates believe he cannot win. The State Convention left that question with the delegation, but the National Convention has a right to inquire whether or not two-thirds are of that opinion. MR. PALMER, of Pennsylvania: But not by calling tin ; ndividnal roll of the delegation. DEMOCRATIC XATIONAL CONVENTION 209 ---_*yr- . THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The same question was raised "at Denver, the Hon. Henry D. Clayton, who was the Permanent Chairman of that Convention, held just as I have decided in this case. The right of the delegation to disregard its instructions must be made apparent to the Convention, and if there is a condition imposed, that before the vote of Kansas shall be taken from the choice of the people of Kansas, two-thirds of the delegation shall be of that opinion, this Convention has a right to ascertain whether two-thirds of the Kansas delegation are of that opinion. The point of order is overruled, and the Secretary will call the roll of the Kansas delegation. The Secretary polled the Kansas delegation, and the result was announced Clark 9, Wilson 11, as follows: KANSAS. DELEGATES AT LARGE Clark. "Wilson. A. M. Jackson, Winfield 1 S. H. Martin, Marion 1 Ben Gaitzel, Girard 1 B. J. Sheridan, Paola 1 DISTRICT DELEGATES 1 W. D. Kuhn, Holton 1 J. W. Orr, Atchison 1 2 J. L. Caldwell, Fort Scott ! 1 0. W. Green, Kansas City 1 3 Frank Cumisky, Pittsburg 1 Isaac Hinds, Mound Valley 1 4 M. A. Limbocker, Burlington 1 W. H. Carpenter. Marion 1 o J. H. Hostetler, Belleville 1 Mike Frey. Junction City -. 1 6 Charles M. Sawyer, Norton 1 Elmer A. Dye, Logan 1 7 D. A. Ely. Lamed 1 Ed. G. Finnup. Garden City 1 B- .lerry Fitzpatrick. Wichita 1 Robert H. Bradford, Eldorado 1 9 11 THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The rule adopted by this Convention is as follows : "Sesolved, That in casting votes on a call of the States the Chair shall recognize and enforce a unit rule enacted by a State Convention. ' ' In this case it is admitted there is a unit rule. The direction of the State Convention is that the vote shall be cast for Clark until two-thirds of the delegates determine that he cannot be nominated. Now. with Clark leading the balloting, two-thirds do not 2.10 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE say that he cannot win. Eleven votes being cast for Wilson and nine for Clark, the Chair directs that the instructions of the State Convention of the Democracy of Kansas be carried out, and the 20 votes of the delegation east for Champ Clark, and the Secretary is directed to So record it. [Applause.] The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll of States, etc., the result was announced: Clark 443, Wilson, 351, Har- mon l4l l /2, Underwood 119 1 /-;, Marshall 31, Kern 2, as follows: FIFTH BALLOT. P P C S States and Territories . c o * -S J S ' * ' B " ^ o j3 [~ re c'cS cS< u Alabama 24 24 Arizona 6 6 . . . . Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 Connecticut 14 4 1 ... 9 Delaware 6 . . 6 Florida 12 . . . . , . 12 Georgia 28 28 Idaho 8 8 Illinois 58 58 . . . . Indiana 30 . . 30 Iowa 26 26 Kansas 20 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 10 10 Maine 12 1 11 Maryland 16 16 Massachusetts 36 33 1 . . 2 Michigan '. 30 15 11 2 . . . . 1 1 Minnesota 24 . . 24 Mississippi 20 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 8 Nebraska 16 12 3 1 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire . 8 5 3 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 . . . . 90 North Carolina 24 . . 17 . . 7 North Dakota . .10 10 cocRATic NATIONAL CONVENTION 211 States and Territories ^ c o '> O ^ jo _. tj CB ss w S M Ohio 48 1 12 34 1 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 10 Pennsylvania 76 73 3 Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina . . . . 18 18 South Dakota ...... 10 10 Tennessee 24 5 5 114. 24. Texas 40 40 Utah ...... 8 14 64 Vermont 8 8 Virginia 24 i 94. 14 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 Wisconsin r 26 6 20 Wyoming 6 6 Alaska 6 4 2 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 2 3 1 . Porto Rico 6 3 3 Total 443 351 1414. 1194. . . 31 Total number of delegates. 1,088. Majority, 545. RECESS. MR. J. HARRY COVINGTON, of Maryland: Mr. Chairman, I move that the Convention take a recess until 9:30 o'clock this evening. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman from Maryland moves that the Convention take a recess until 9:30 this evening. The motion was agreed to, and (at 7 o'clock and 16 minutes p. m.) the Convention took a recess until 9 o 'clock and 30 minutes p. m. EVENING SESSION. At the expiration of the recess the Convention reassembled. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Prayer will be offered by Rev. George F. Dudley, pastor of St. Stephen 's Episcopal Church, Washington, D. C. PRAYER OF REV. GEORGE F. DUDLEY. REV. GEORGE F. DUDLEY, pastor of St. Stephen 's Episcopal Church, Washington, D. C., offered the following prayer: Direct us, O Lord, in all our doings with Thy most gracious favor, and further us with Thy continual help ; that in all our work, begun, 212 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE continued and ended in Thee, we may glorify Thy holy name, and finally, by Thy mercy, obtain everlasting life; through Jesus Christ, our Lord. Amen. THE TWO-THIRDS RULE. MR. W. N. MABEN, of Oklahoma: Mr. Chairman, THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: For what purpose does the gentleman rise? MR. MABEN, of Oklahoma : I rise to move that it is the sense of this Convention that the two-thirds rule which has heretofore obtained be discontinued. MR. WILLIAM HUGHES, of New Jersey: Mr. Chairman, I make the point of order that that motion is not in order at this time. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The point of order is made by Repre- sentative Hughes, of New Jersey, that the motion of the gentlemen from Oklahoma is not in order. The Chair sustains the point of order. BALLOT FOR CANDIDATE FOR PRESIDENT. " THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : No candidate having received the necessary votes on the previous ballot, the Secretary will again call the roll. SIXTH BALLOT. The Secretary having called the roll, the result was announced : Clark 445, Wilson 354, Harmon 135, Underwood 121, Marshall 31, Kern 1, Bryan 1, as follows: BALLOT No. 6. States and Territories Alabama o o . .. 24 a J t* ro a ^ 10 o _. 5 & "K 1 ! i B - t-i "3 a, S K es a =* t? K D M pq Arizona . .. 6 6 \rkansas . .. 18 18 California .. . 26 26 ^ Colorado .. . 12 1 Connecticut . .. 14 4 1 9 Delaware . . . 6 6 Florida ... 12 12 Georgia ... 28 28 Idaho . . . 8 8 Illinois . . . . : . . . 58 58 Indiana ... 30 . . 30 .. . . Iowa ... 26 26 Kansas '. . : . 20 20 Kentuckv . . 26 26 DEMOCRATIC XATIOXAL CONVENTION 213 r.' P ~ States and Territories /" a O M oo *- _ IH T3 H O * fe O W p & M Louisiana 20 10 10 Maine 12 1 11 Maryland 16 16 Massachusetts 36 33 1 .. 2 ...... Michigan 30 15 10 4 . . 1 .... Minnesota 24 24 Mississippi , 20 20 , Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 8 Nebraska 16 12 4 .. .. Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 5 3 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 16 .. 8 North Dakota 10 10 Ohio 48 1 12 33 .... 1 1 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 10 Pennsylvania 76 73 3 .. Rhode Island , 10 10 South Carolina 18 18 .,. South Dakota , 10 10 Tennessee 24 7 9 5 3 Texas 40 40 Utah 8 14 6| Vermont 8 8 Virginia .... 24 4 94 . . 14 . . . . Washington 14 14 West Virginia , 16 16 Wisconsin 26 6 20 Wyoming . 6 6 Alaska 6 4 2 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 2 3 . . 1 . . . . Porto Rico 6 3 3 Total 445 354 135 121 31 1 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. 214 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. James Hamilton Lewis, of Illinois, in the chair) : No one having received the necessary tA l hirds, the Secre- tary will call the roll for the seventh ballot. SEVENTH .BALLOT. The Secretary having called the roll, the result was announced Clark 449%. Wilson 352%, Harmon 129%, Underwoo." "23%, Mar- shall 31, Kern 1, Bryan 1, as follows: BALLOT No. 7. States and Territories O ;-" CC Alabama ...................... 24 ...... 2*4 Arizona ....................... 6 6 .......... Arkansas ............. . ........ 18 18 California ..................... 26 26 Colorado ...................... 12 12 Connecticut .................... 14 3 . . . . 11 Delaware ...................... 6 . . 6 Florida .......... . ........... '.12 ...... 12 . . . . Georgia ....................... 28 . . . . . . 28 Idaho ......................... 8 8 Illinois ........................ 58 58 Indiana ....................... 30 ........ 30 Iowa .......................... 26 26 Kansas ........................ 20 20 . . . . ' Kentucky ...................... 26 26 Louisiana ..................... 20 10 10 Maine ......................... 12 1 11 Maryland ..................... 16 16 Massachusetts ................ ,36 33 1 . . 2 Michigan ...................... 30 15 11 3 .. .. 1 Minnesota ..................... 24 . . 24 Mississippi .................... 20 ...... 20 Missouri ...................... 36 36 Montana ...................... 8 8 Nebraska ...................... 16 12 4 Nevada ......... . ............. 6 6 .......... New Hampshire ................ 8 5 3 ...... .. New Jersey .................... 28 4 24 .. New Mexico .................... 8 8 New York ..................... 90 . . . . 90 North Carolina . . 24 16 8 '}/\/\/JLS c/ y DEMOCRATIC XATIOXAI. COXYKXTIOX 215 ? a States and Territories North Dakota ................. 10 . . 10 .......... Ohio .......................... 48 . 3 13 30 . . . . 1 1 Oklahoma ..................... 20 10 10 .......... Oregon ........................ 10 . . 10 .......... Pennsylvania .................. 76 .. 73 3 ........ Rhode Island ................... 10 10 ............ South Carolina ................. 18 . . 18 .......... South Dakota .................. 10 . . 10 .......... Tennessee ..................... 24 10* 6* 3$ 3} ...... Texas ......................... 40 . . 40 .......... Utah ......................... 8 1* 6* ........ .. Vermont ...................... 8 . . 8 .......... Virginia ...................... 24 i 9J . . 14 . . . . Washington ................... 14 14 . . .......... West Virginia . ." ............... 16 16 . . .......... Wisconsin ..................... 26 6 20 .......... Wyoming ..................... 6 6 ............ Alaska ........................ 6 4 2 ........... District of Columbia ............ 6 6 ............ Hawaii ........................ 6 2 3 .. 1 ...... Porto Rico.. 633 Total 449* 352* 1294 123*. 31 11 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: No candidate having received two-thirds of the votes cast, the Secretary will call the roll for the eighth ballot. EIGHTH BALLOT. The Secretary having called the roll, the result was announced: Clark 448$, Wilson 351*. Harmon 130, Underwood 123, Marshall 31, Kern 1, Bryan 1, Ollie M. James 1, Gaynor 1, as follows: BALLOT No. 8. . - States and Territories _ c= OX g ocs-5 cs C u w p Alabama 24 24 Arizona . 66 216 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE o ^ 5 ~ States and Territories ^ s c ' W o Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 Connecticut 14 3 . . . . 11 Delaware 6 . . 6 Florida 12 12 Georgia 28 28 Idaho . 8 8 Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 30 Iowa 26 26 Kansas 20 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 10 10 Maine 12 1 1J Maryland 16 16 Massachusetts 36 33 1 Michigan 30 15 11 2 Minnesota 24 . . 24 Mississippi 20 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 8 Nebraska 16 13 3 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 5 3 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 . . . . 90 North Carolina 24 . . 17 . . 7 North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio 48 3 12 30 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 . . 10 Pennsylvania 76 . . 73 3 Ehode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 . . 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee 24 8* 64 5 3 Texas 40 . . 40 Utah 8 H 6J Vermont 8 8 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION States and Territories B 2 2 = ? o * -a J -s E a I i o * a > a S3 W p S w ^? o Virginia 24 * 9i . . 14 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 Wisconsin 26 6 20 Wyoming 6 6 . . . . Alaska . 642 District of Columbia .... 6 6 Hawaii 6 2 3 .. 1 Porto Rico . 633 Total 448* 351$ 130 123 31 1 1 1 1 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : No one having received the necessary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the ninth ballot. NINTH BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. When the State of Connecticut was called, the vote was announced Underwood 10, Clark 3, Wilson 1. MR. MILES F. CONNELLEY, of Connecticut: Mr. Chairman, I am the alternate for Hon. William Kennedy, a delegate at large, the Chairman of the Connecticut delegation. He is not here, and he was not here when the other vote was counted, but had started out previously. He has been voted for Wilson, making 2 for Wilson. In his absence other members of the delegation are trying to deprive me of my vote as an alternate, and I will not stand it. MR. DANIEL DUNN, of Connecticut: Mr. Chairman, Mr. Kennedy is in the rear part of the hall. He went to the telephone. We have an understanding here in this delegation about his vote. Mr. Kennedy changed his vote from Wilson two or three ballots ago, the same as I changed from Clark. Now this gentleman (Mr. Connelley) has come in here and we have let him have a seat, but Mr. Kennedy is in the hall, and every one of this delegation has an understanding in regard to the vote. Mr. Connelley has no authority whatever to vote. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair will state to the gentleman that, in order to have his vote counted, Mr. Kennedy will have to come and sit with his delegation if he is in the hall. Let him come forward and cast his vote. MR. DUNN, of Connecticut: Mr. Chairman, please pass Connecticut. 218 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The State of Connecticut will be passed for the present. Subsequently the vote of Connecticut was announced Underwood 10, Clark 3, Wilson 1. The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll, the result was announced Clark 452, Wilson 352%, Harmon 127, Under- wood 122%, Marshall 31, Kern 1, Bryan 1, Gaynor 1, as follows: BALLOT No. 9. States and Territories I . w o Alabama 24 24 Arizona 6 6 Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 .. .. .. .. Connecticut 14 3 1 . . 10 Delaware 6 . . 6 Florida 12 .. .. .. 12 .. Georgia 28 28 Idaho 8 8 Illinois 58 58 Indiana , 30 30 Iowa 26 26 Kansas 20 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 10 10 Maine 12 1 11 Maryland 16 16 Massachusetts 36 33 1 . . 2 Michigan 30 14 11 4 . . 1 Minnesota 24 . . 24 Mississippi 20 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 8 Nebraska 16 13 3 Nevada 6 6 . . . . . . New Hampshire 8 5 3 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 . . . . 90 North Carolina 24 . . 17 A 7 North Dakota . . 10 10 O * . States and Territories a & _a o o jj g S g | d S *- ^2 M T3 |H >> Pt Oc8 t^csa w-ics o F MP^MWO Ohio 48 4 13 29 . . . . 1 1 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 . . 10 . . . . Pennsylvania 76 4 72 Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 . . 18 . . . . . . .... South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee 24 8 6J 4 4} 1 Texas 40 . . 40 Utah 8 H 6 Vermont 8 . . 8 Virginia 24 $ 9 . . 14 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 Wisconsin 26 6 20 Wyoming 6 6 Alaska 6 4 2 District of Columbia 66 Hawaii 6 2 3 .. 1 Porto Rico. . 633 Total . . . 452 352$ 127 122} 31 1 1 1 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: No candidate having received the necessary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the tenth ballot. TENTH BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. When the State of Oklahoma was called, the result was announced, Clark 10, Wilson 10. MR. BOONE D. HITE, of Oklahoma: Mr. Chairman, as a delegate coming from Oklahoma with instructions for Mr. Wilson first and Mr. Clark second, and my understanding of those instructions being that whenever I see that Mr. Clark is the choice of the Convention it is my duty to cast my vote for him, I demand a poll of the State of Oklahoma, for the purpose of casting my vote for Champ Clark. MR. WILLIAM H. MURRAY, of Oklahoma: Mr. Chairman, the dele- gation from Oklahoma is in two parts, one part for Wilson and one part for Clark. They have polled the delegation on the Wilson side, and it stands now as it stood at home. There were Clark men on our delega- 220 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE tion, and we have no objection if they want the roll called, but we can straighten it out for ourselves, and we do insist that we shall not join Tammany in making the nomination. [Applause.] THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: There being a dispute in the Oklahoma delegation, the delegation will be passed, and the next State will be called. Oklahoma will be called again at the end of the roll-call. The roll-call was concluded. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair has made an investigation of the Oklahoma vote. The Oklahoma delegation consists of two separate units, of ten votes each. One unit is for Clark and one for Wilson. The Chair is informed that of the ten who are instructed for Wilson one is personally for Mr. Clark. The two parts being each a separate unit, the Chair directs the vote to be cast 10 for Clark and 10 for Wilson. MR. MURRAY, of Oklahoma: That is correct. The result was announced: Clark 556, Wilson 350^, Underwood H7 l /2, Marshall 31, Harmon 31, Kern 1, Bryan 1, as follows: BALLOT No. 10. States and Territories a o Alabama 24 24 Arizona 6 6 Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 Connecticut 14 7 "". ( .. 1 Delaware 6 .. 6 Florida 12 12 Georgia 28 28 Idaho 8 8 . . . . Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 30 Iowa 26 26 Kansas 20 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 10 10 Maine 12 1 11 Maryland 16 16 Massachusetts 36 33 1 . . 2 Michigan 30 18 9- 2 .. 1 Minnesota 24 . . 24 Mississippi 20 20 A DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 221 C C *~" States and Territories ^ a o ^ J= >? -2 [> rt >2 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 8 Nebraska 16 13 3 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 5 3 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York . . 90 90 North Carolina 24 .. 18 .. 6 North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio 48 6 11 29 .. .. 1 1 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 . . 10 Pennsylvania 76 5 71 Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 . . 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee 24 13 7i ^./. 3$ Texas 40 . . 40 Utah 8 1J 6i Vermont 8 . . 8 Virginia 24 * 9$ . . 14 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 Wisconsin 26 6 20 Wyoming 6 6 Alaska 6 3 3 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 2 3 . . 1 Porto Rico 6 2 4 Total 556 350i 31 117* 31 11 Total number of delegates. 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : Xo candidate having received two- thirds of the votes cast, no nomination is made. Mr. Clark having received 11 more than a majority, is not the nominee until he receives two-thirds. MR. A. MITCHELL PALMER, of Pennsylvania : Mr. Chairman, I rise to a parliamentary inquiry. What is the purpose of the Chair in an- nouncing that one candidate has received a majority of the votes? 222 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The Chair states the fact that a majority does not nominate, but that under the rules of this Convention it takes two-thirds. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Secretary will call the roll for Hie eleventh ballot. ELEVENTH BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. When the State of Arizona was called, the vote was announced Clark 6. MR. E. S. IVES, of Arizona: Mr. Chairman, I challenge the vote of Arizona. . . MR. E. L. SHAW, of Arizona: Mr. Chairman, Arizona's delegation was elected by a preferential primary. Mr. Clark carried our State by a proportion of between 10 and 11 to 1, and we are instructed to stay by Mr. Clark, as a result of that preferential primary, as long as he has a chance of receiving the nomination. There is also a second choice, but so long as Mr. Clark is in the ring, our six votes must go solid for Champ Clark. MR. IVES, of Arizona : I ask that the Arizona delegation be polled. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The vote of Arizona being challenged, the Secretary will call the roll of that delegation. The Secretary polled the delegation, as follows: AKIZONA. Clark. Wilson. P. C. Little 1 F. E. Shine -. 1 E. S. Ives 1 E. L. Shaw 1 Ed. F. Thompson 1 Ed. Sawyer 1 5 1 THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Under the rule adopted by this Con- vention, where a delegate is elected by a primary, if he sees fit to go contrary to his instructions, he has that right and is responsible to his constituency, and is entitled to cast his vote in any way he chooses. Therefore the vote will be recorded by the Secretary as it was cast. [Applause.] The Secretary will proceed with the calling of the roll. The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. When the State of Oregon was called, the vote was announced, Wilson 8, Clark 2. MR. THOS. CARRICK BURKE, of Oregon: Mr. Chairman, under the preferential primary law of Oregon the delegation is unconditionally pledged to vote for Wilson. There are no conditions attached what- ever. We want to carry out our instructions, but two of the delegates DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 223 have seen fit to disregard their instructions, and I therefore cast the vote of Oregon. 8 for Wilson. 2 for Clark. MR. FREDERICK A*. HOLMAN, of Oregon: Mr. Chairman, I want to say here that that statement is false. Oregon has a preferential primary, and we each took an oath that we would exercise the best of our judg- ment and ability in endeavoring to carry out our instructions as expressed at the polls. We have voted here today. Mr. Clark has received a majority. Mr. Wilson has not even one-third, and I as a member of the ; Oregon delegation, with due regard for my oath, depending on our judgment and exercising it as we have a right to do, believe that we } now have the right, and that the time has come when we should exercise i our judgment, and we have the right to exercise it by casting a vote ! for Champ Clark. [Applause.] THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Debate is not in order. MR. WILL B. KING, of Oregon : Mr. Chairman, as one of the Oregon delegation I want to challenge this vote, and ask for a roll-call. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The vote of Oregon being challenged, the Secretary will call the roll of that State. The Secretary polled the delegation, as follows: p, , w -, A. S. Bennett 1 Thos. Carrick Burke 1 James E. Godfrey 1 Frederick V. Holman 1 Mark Holmes 1 Will E. King 1 Jas. W. Maloney . . . . : 1 Victor P. Moses 1 Daniel W. Sheahan 1 Herman Wise 1 20 o The Secretary having resumed and concluding the calling of the roll, the result was announced, Clark 554, Wilson 354*, Underwood Marshall 30, Harmon 29, Kern 1, Bryan 1, as follows: BALLOT No. 11. > c - o d States and Territories M a J I I 2 B I O ^ CS C3 8> JH* o ^ W t^SMpq Alabama 24 24 Arizona 6 5 I"/- Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado . . 12 12 224 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE > a ? = States and Territories w Connecticut 14 7 . . . . 7 Delaware 6 . . 6 Florida 12 12 . . . . Georgia 28 28 Idaho 8 8 Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 30 Iowa 26 26 Kansas 20 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 10 10 Maine 12 1 11 Maryland 16 16 Massachusetts 36 33 1 . . 2 Michigan 30 18 12-K-' Minnesota . . 24 . . 24 Mississippi 20 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 8 Nebraska 16 13 3 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 5 3 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 . . 18 . . 6 North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio , 48 4 13 29 . . . . 1 1 Oklahoma 20 10 10 ..... . . - . Oregon 10 2 8 Pennsylvania 76 5 71 Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 . . 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 . Tennessee 24 12 7i . . 44 Texas 40 . . 40 Utah 8 li 6i Vermont 8 . . 8 Virginia 24 } 9* . . 14 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION o ' States and Territories --w ' s O iN w C ^ Cfi ^ ^5 E ^ S Wisconsin 26 6 20 Wyoming (i 6 Alaska G 3 3 District of Columbia. (5 6 Hawaii 6 2 3 Porto Rico . 624 Total 554 3544 29 118* 30 1 1 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : No candidate having received the neces- sary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the twelfth ballot. TWELFTH BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. MR. LUKE LEA, of Tennessee (when the State of Tennessee was called): Mr. Chairman, I ask that Tennessee be polled. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The Secretary will call the roll of the Tennessee delegation. The Secretary polled the delegation, as follows: Under- Not DELEGATES AT LARGE Clark. Wilson, wood. Voting. W. A. Percy (By C. H. Lyle, Alternate) . . \ .. Luke Lea . . \ M. M. Allison . t . . i Nat Baxter . . * G. F. Milton * S. M. Young * John A. Tipton \ IT. C. Adler 4 Note One-half vote each. DELEGATES, DISTRICTS 1 Thad A. Cox 1 C. B. Mimms 1 2J. W. Sneed (By John W. Flenniken, Alternate) . . 1 J. C. J. Williams . . 1 3 Lewis M. Coleman 1 C. H. Garner ; . . . . 1 4 George P. Welsh . . 1 L. T. Smith 1 5 W. A. Frost .... 1 226 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE Under- Not Delegates, Districts Clark. Wilson, wood. Voting. H. T. Stewart 1 6 H. E. Howse . . 1 J. B. Newman 1 7 Will Parks 1 H. C. Carter . . 1 8 A. B. Lamb . . . . 4. H. E. Graper 4. D. G. Hudson 4 Terry W. Allen 4 Note One-half vote each. 9 G. W. Jeter . . 1 W. W. Baird 1 10 H. C. Moorman 4 J. W. Jones , . . 4 C. P. Simonton 4. Hubert Fisher 4 Total 74 6 9 14 Note One-half rote each. The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll, the result was announced: Clark 5474, Wilson 354, Underwood 123, Marshall 30, Harmon 29, Kern 1, Bryan 1, not voting 24, as follows: BALLOT No. 12. DISTRICT DELEGATES <* a o * 5 Alabama 24 24 Arizona 6 5 1 Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 Connecticut 14 6 2 . . 6 Delaware 6 . . 6 Florida 12 12 Georgia 28 28 Idaho 8 8 Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 30 Iowa 26 26 Kansas ."20 20 Kentucky 26 26 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 227 States and Territories > H o t-\ e r? **? Louisiana 6 20 3 10 10 c ^ o> * P M PQ Maine 12 1 11 Maryland 16 16 Massachusetts 36 33 1 2 Michigan 30 18 12 . ; Minnesota 24 24 Mississippi 20 20 Missouri . . 36 36 Montana 8 8 Nebraska . 16 13 3 Nevada 6 6 '" New Hampshire 8 5 3 New Jersey . . . 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 94 17 7 North Dakota 10 10 Ohio 48 4 13 ?9 1 l Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oreeon . 10 2 8 Pennsylvania . . . . 76 5 71 Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 18 South Dakota 10 10 Tennessee . . .24* 7 '/r' 9 Texas 40 40 L Utah 8 u 0} Vermont , 8 i 7 Virginia 24 N 14 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 Wisconsin 26 6 20 Wyoming . 6 6 Alaska , 6 3 3 District of Columbia , 6 6 Hawaii 6 2 3 1 Porto Rico 6 2 4 Total 547* 354 29 123 30 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. *Not voting, 2$. OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. William Sulzer, of New York, in the chair). No candidate having received the necessary two-thirds, there is no nomination. The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Sullivan). ADJOURNMENT MK_ ROGER C. SCTJJVAX, of Illinois: Mr. Chairman, I move that we now adjourn until today at one o 'clock p. m. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The gentleman from Illinois moves that the convention adjourn until one o 'clock today. The motion was agreed to, and [at 3 o'clock and 4 minutes a. m. Saturday, June 29] the Convention adjourned until Saturday. June 29, 1912, at 1 o'clock p. m. ' w/> , FIFTM D.AV / CoxTExnox HAUL, FIFTH MAXTIAXD SBGHCEST BALYHKXE, HA, June 19, 1912. The Convention net at 1 o'clock p. m. THE PEKXAXEXT CHAIULAX: Prayer win be offered by Rev. John Roaeh Straton, D. D^. pastor of tfce Sevath Street Baptist Chwreh, Baltimore. PRAYER OF REV. JOHN ROACH STRATXMf, DJ>. Rev. John Boach Straton. DJX, pastor of the Seventh Street Baptist Church. Baltimore. Mi, offered the following prayer: Ever gracious and AD Wise God, our Heavealy Talker, lov im Whose Omnipotent hand are the rights of me and the destinies of nations, ire bow in Thy presence, realizing our need of gndawce and protection, and rejoicing, oh God, that Then hast led os as a people in the past. We thank Thee for aU the glorious history and tradition of onr country. We thank Thee for the came of liberty that has fiovrished and prospered here. We rejoice, oh God, that in Thy good providence in this free land has been equality of opportunity and privilege:; and now we invoke Thy blessing and the guidance of heaven that the de- liberations of this hour may be for the perpetuation of those that have cone down front the fathers of the other days. Oh God, we rejoice that when we need wisdom Thou hast it in abundance. And now, as Thy aenanla gather for the of vital and important business, we would ask the counsel of that they may be led aright. Gracious God, may principles of ness and truth direct in the decision of aU matters that shall before the Convention at this hour, and may Thy name be honored and glorified, and Thy kingdom advanced in the earth; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. VOTE FOR CANDIDATE FOR PRESTOENTT. THE PECMAXEXT CHAMJCAX: The Secretary wfll call the roll of States, etc., on the question of nominating a candidate for President. 230 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIETEENTH BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. MR. HENRY G. MOLINA, of Porto Eico (when Porto Eico was called) : Mr. Chairman, I ask for a poll of the Porto Eico delegation. I do this for the purpose of calling attention to the fact that in the printed temporary roll the list of the accredited delegates from Porto Eico is not complete. There were two sets of delegates, and a contest, which was settled by the National Committee by the seating of both dele- gations, giving each delegate one-half vote. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The names printed in the temporary roll are merely preliminary, and the Chair understands that the Na- tional Committee seated both delegations, so that the delegation is composed of twelve men instead of six, each of the twelve having one- half a vote. The Chair is informed that one of the delegates was absent, and the alternate voted, but the delegate came in before the result was announced. It is agreed that the Porto Eico delegation votes 5i for Wilson and J vote for Clark. The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll, the result was announced: Clark 554$, Wilson 356, Underwood Marshall 30, Harmon 29, Foss, 2, Bryan 1, as follows: BALLOT No. 13. States and Territories :>>> OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTEENTH BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. MR. WILLIAM KENNEDY, of Connecticut (when Connecticut was called) : Connecticut casts six votes for Clark, six votes for Under- wood and two votes for Wilson. The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MR. GEORGE L. LOOMIS, of Nebraska : Nebraska asks to be passed for the present. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Nebraska will be passed. The Secretary resumed and concluded the calling of the roll. THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. William Sulzer, of New York, in the chair) : The State of Nebraska will again be called. MR. G. M. HITCHCOCK, of Nebraska: Let Nebraska be polled. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Nebraska will be polled. The Secretary proceeded to poll the Nebraska delegation. MR. WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN, of Nebraska (when his name was called) : Mr. Chairman THE PRESIDING OFFICER: For what purpose does the gentleman -from Nebraska rise? MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: To explain my vote. SEVERAL DELEGATES: Eegular order! THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Under the rule nothing is in order hut the calling of the roll. How does the gentleman votef MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska : As long as Mr. Ryan 's agent as long as New York's 90 votes are recorded for Mr. Clark, I withhold my vote from him and cast it [At this point there was a demonstration.] MR. WILLIAM J. STONE, of Missouri: Mr. Chairman and fellow delegates, I pray every delegate on the floor and every lady and gentle- man in the gallery to hear the distinguished delegate from Nebraska Let us have order, and let every man be heard. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: How much time does the gentleman want? MR. STONE, of Missouri : I do not want any time myself. I want order, and I ask unanimous consent that the gentleman from Nebraska (Mr. Bryan) be allowed to speak. T ask unanimous consent that Mr. Bryan, or any other delegate who desires to be heard, may be heard. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Does the gentleman make that as a motion? MR. STONE, of Missouri : That is the motion. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Senator Stone of Missouri moves that the gentleman from Nebraska (Mr. Bryan) may be allowed to explain his vote. The motion was agreed to. MB. BRYAN, of Nebraska: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, I wish to explain my vote only because my advice was not followed in my own delegation. I advised that those of us who are DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVF;NTION ?:>> instructed for Mr. Clark should continue to vote for him until condi- tions arose that justified us in doing otherwise, i did not believe that the conditions had yet arisen, .but not all of the delegates agreed with me, and then I was desirous that a poll should not be required; but if we are to have a division, if a poll is demanded and each man must give a reason for the vote that he casts, I am now ready to cast my vote and to give my reasons for so doing. I have asked the privilege of making an explanation because I am not alone in this convention. I do not represent a one man opinion. Many of these delegates look at this question as I do, and when I speak for myself I speak for some others in this hall, and I am sure for a still larger number outside of this hall. [Applause.] fl recognize, there fore, the responsibility that rests upon me when I do what I intend to do, and give the explanation that I am now prepared to give. I antici- pated that this necessity would arise some time during the day, but I did not expect it to arise at so early an hour, and in anticipation T wrote out what I desire to submit. It will take me only a moment to read it, as I prefer that there shall be no mistake in the reporting anil transcribing of it. MR. JOHN N. HUGHES, of Iowa: Mr. Chairman THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The gentleman from Nebraska is pro- ceeding to explain his vote. Nothing else is in order. MR. HUGHES, of Iowa: I move that the Secretary read the paper THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The gentleman is not in order. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: Nebraska is a progressive State. Only twice has she given her vote to a Democratic candidate for President, in 1896 and in 1908, and on both occasions her vote was cast for a pro- gressive ticket, running upon a progressive platform. Between these two elections, in the election of 1904, she gave a Eepublican plurality of 85.000 against a Democratic reactionary. In the recent primaries the total vote cast for Clark and Wilson was over 34,000, and the vote casr for Harmon something over 12,000, showing that the party is now more than three-fourths progressive, or about three-fourths progressive. The Republican party of Nebraska is progressive in about .the same propor- tion. The situation in Nebraska is not materially different from the situation throughout the country west of the Alleghenies. In the recent Eepublican primaries, fully two-thirds of the Eepublican vote- was cast for candidates representing progressive policies. In this convention the progressive sentiment is overwhelming. Every candidate has proclaimed himself a progressive. No candidate would have any considerable following in this convention if he admitted him- self out of harmony with progressive ideas. By ycur resolution, adopted night before last, you, by a vote of more than four to one, pledged the country that you would nominate for the Presidency no man who represented or was obligated to Morgan. Ryan, Belmont, or any other member of the privilege-seeking, favor- 234 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE hunting class. This pledge, if kept, will have more influence on the result of the election than the platform or the name of the candidate. How can that pledge be made effective? There is but one way; namely, to nominate a candidate who is under no obligation to those whom these influences directly or indirectly control. The vote of the State of New York in this convention, as cast under the unit rule, does not rep- resent the intelligence, the virtue, the Democracy or the patriotism of the ninety men who are here. It represents the will of one man Charles F. Murphy and he represents the influences that dominated the Eepublican convention at Chicago and are trying to dominate this convention. [Applause.] If we nominate a candidate under conditions that enable these influences to say to our candidate, ' ' Eemember now thy creator," we cannot hope to appeal to the confidence of the pro- gressive Democrats and Eepublicans of the nation. Nebraska, or that portion of the delegation for which I am authorized to speak, is not willing to participate in the nomination of any man who is willing to violate the resolution adopted by this Convention, and to accept the high honor of the Presidential nomination at the hands of Mr. Murphy. [Applause.] When we were instructed for Mr. Clark, the Democratic voters who instructed us did so with the distinct understanding tnat Mr. Clark stood for progressive Democracy. [Applause.] Mr. Clark's representa- tives appealed for support on no other ground. They contended that Mr. Clark was more progressive than Mr. Wilson, and indignantly denied that there was any co-operation between Mr. Clark and the reactionary element of the party. Upon no other condition could Mr. Clark have received a plurality of the Democratic vote of Nebraska. The thirteen delegates for whom I speak stand ready to carry out the instructions given in the spirit in which they were given, and upon the conditions under which they were given [applause] ; but some of these delegates I can not say for how many I can speak, because we have not had a chance to take a poll will not participate in the nomination of any man whose nomination depends upon the vote of the New York delegation. [Applause.] Speaking for myself and for any of the delegation who may decide to join me, I shall withhold my vote from Mr. Clark as long as New York's vote is recorded for him. [Applause.] And the position that I take in regard to Mr. Clark, I will take in regard to any other candi- date whose name is now or may be before the convention. I shall not be a party to the nomination of. any man, no matter who he may be, or from what section of the country he comes, who will not, when elected, be absolutely free to carry out the anti-Morgan-Ryan-Belmont resolu- tion and make his administration reflect the wishes and the hopes of those who believe in a government of the people, by the people and for the people. [Applause.] If we nominate a candidate who is under no obligation to these I ' DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 235 interests which speak through Mr. Murphy, I shall offer a resolution authorizing and directing the presidential candidate to select a cam- paign committee to manage the campaign, in order that he may not be compelled to suffer the humiliation and act under the embarrassment that 1 have, in having men participate in the management of his cam- paign who have no sympathy with the party's aims, and in whose Democracy the general public has no confidence. Having explained the position taken by myself and those in the delegation who view the subject from the same standpoint, I will now announce my vote MR. WILLIAM A. McC'ORKLE, of West Virginia: Mr. Chairman THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The gentleman is out of order. Nothirtg is in order except the explanation of the gentleman from Nebraska. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: I am perfectly willing to yield, if he Chair please. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Governor McCorkle wishes to ask a ques- tion of Mr. Bryan. MK. McCoRKLE, of West Virginia: Mr. Chairman, I have Mr. Bryan's permission to ask him a question. There was so much confu- sion that it was impossible for the delegates to understand clearly Mr. Bryan 's position. I therefore want to ask him and I do it, sir, in the most perfectly courteous manner and feeling the categorical ques- tion whether he intends to be understood that he will not support the nominee of this Convention if he is voted for and nominated by the present vote of the State of New York in this Convention? MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: I shall be glad to answer the question of the gentleman from West Virginia, and before answering it I shall be glad to add that if any other gentleman in this Convention has any question on his mind that he would like to get rid of, I will remain here and give him a chance to ask it. [Applause.] This is a Demo- cratic convention, and we have a right to ask questions of each other, and we ought to be frank with each other. A DELEGATE : Are you a Democrat ? MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska : My Democracy has been certified to by six and a half million Democrats; hut I will ask the Secretary to enter on the record one dissenting vote if the gentleman will give me his name. Some gentleman asked me if I was a Democrat, and I would like to have his name, that I may put it by the side of Ryan and Belmont, who were not Democrats when I was a candidate for the Presidency. [Ap- plause.] Now let me answer the question of the gentleman from West Vir- ginia. Nothing that I said this morning, and nothing that I have ever said justifies the construction that the gentleman would place upon my language. I distinguish between refusing to be a party to the nomina- tion of a candidate and refusing to support him after he has been nomi- nated over my opposition, just as the law distinguishes between the 236 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE lawyer who defends a criminal after the crime has been committed, and . the lawyer who conspires with a man to commit a crime. [Applause.] Is there any other question? If not, I shall announce my vote. MR. EARL BREWER, of Mississippi : Mr. Bryan, I have a question. If Mr. Clark, Mr. Underwood, Mr. Marshall, Mr. Wilson, Mr. Harmon, Mr. Kern, or Governor Foss is nominated by this convention by a two- thirds majority, with New York voting for the man who is nominated, will you support the Democratic nominee? MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: I deny the right of any man to put a hypothetical question to me unless MR. W. C. DOWD, of North Carolina: Mr. Chairman, I rise to a point of order. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The gentleman will state his point of order. MR. DOWD, of North Carolina: My point of order is that the gen tleman from Nebraska has the floor to explain his vote, and that these questions are out of order. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: I have given my permission. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The point of order is well taken. The Chair sustains the point of order. MR. EARL BREWEE, of Mississippi : Do not dodge. MR. JOHN B. KNOX, of Alabama: There are a thousand delegates here, and we have something else to do besides listening to Mr. Bryan make his fourth or fifth speech. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: Let me complete the sentence. The gen- tleman has asked a question, and I have a right to answer it. Let me conclude my sentence. MR. BREWER, of Mississippi: Answer yes or no, and then explain. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: I said I deny his right to ask a hypo- thetical question unless he is prepared to put into that question every essential element that is necessary to be' understood before it can be answered intelligently. That I understand to be a legal proposition. MR. JOHN B. KNOX, of Alabama: Mr. Chairman, have we not any- thing to do in this convention except to listen to Mr. Bryan's speeches? The unanimous consent of this convention was never given, and the gentleman is speaking by an arbitrary ruling of the Chair, and he is speaking out of order. He has already made four speeches. I makf the point of order that he has already spoken over 30 minutes. There is no delegate, I make the point of order, who has the right to abuse this privilege. Whenever Mr. Bryan comes to the platform the Chair secures order for him, and time for him to speak, and he will not recog- nize anybody else. That is the worst part of it. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman is out of order and will take his seat. The gentleman from Nebraska, Mr. Bryan, is speak ing by the consent of the Convention, given upon motion of Senator Stone, while Mr. Sulzer, of New York, was temporarily in the Chair. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: I have no expectation that :iny nomi- * DEMOCRATIC XATIOXAL CONVENTION 237 nation in this convention will be secured in any way or under any condi- tion that will prevent my giving MR. KNOX, of Alabama: A point of order. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The gentleman will state it. MR. KNOX, of Alabama : There is no delegate who has a right to abuse his privilege, to attack a candidate before this convention, ,and to attack a sovereign State. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska : Having denied the right of the gentleman to ask the question, and having declared that he has taken advantage of a Democratic convention to ask a question that he would not dare to ask in any court of justice. I will now answer his question. I expect to support the nominee of this convention. [Applause.] I do not expect anyone to be nominated here who will not deserve the support of the Democratic party. I do not expect anyone to be nominated who would permit a partnership between Morgan, Ryan, Belmont, and himself. [Applause.] But I do not consider myself under obligations to give | bond to answer the question categorically until the conditions arise when I can know what I am answering. Now I am prepared to announce my vote, unless again interrupted. With the understanding that I shall stand ready to withdraw my vote j from the one for whom I am going to cast it whenever New York casts , her vote for him, I cast my vote for Nebraska's second choice, Governor - Wilson. [Applause.] MR. STONE, of Missouri: Mr. Chairman, I do not rise to enter into any kind of controversy with Mr. Bryan or any other man. Any dele- gate here has a right to speak as he pleases in obedience to the instruc- tions of his constituency. The responsibility is his, not mine. So far as Speaker Clark is concerned, I have just this one sentence to utter. I proffer his plain record as a Democrat, and the splendid \ service rendered his party for more than a quarter of a century, and ; no part of it more conspicuous than that during the campaigns of William J. Bryan. [Applause.] I move that we now proceed with the regular order. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Secretary will proceed with the poll of the Nebraska delegation. The Secretary resumed the poll of the Nebraska delegation, and called the name of Felix J. McShane, Jr. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: Mr. Chairman, there is an alternate for Mr. McShane in the second district. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : There are no alternates reported in the . printed list, except from the State at large. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: Then we demand the right to furnish the names of the alternates, according to the resolutions of our State com- mittee, which authorized each delgate to appoint his own alternate. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman will send up the reso- lution. 238 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: The alternate is here. He came all the way from Nebraska with oral instructions, and has been with us all the time, and I do not understand that anyone questions Jiis right. MR. ARTHUR PETER, of Maryland : I do, because I heard him say "a moment ago that he had no written authority. I am a delegate from Maryland, and have voted for Mr. Bryan every time he ran. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Objection is made. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: I submit, Mr. Chairman, that if New York and Virginia can send these men here to this Convention, Nebraska has a right to determine who her alternates shall be. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The resolution adopted in Nebraska authorizes each delegate to select his own alternate. The Chair will state to the gentleman from Nebraska [Mr. Bryan] that if he will send up the name of the alternate selected by the delegate, he can have his vote recorded. MR. J. H. BEGLEY, of Nebraska: I am the alternate, and I vote for Wilson. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman's vote will be recorded, as the duly authorized alternate for Mr. McShane, who votes for Wilson. The poll of the Nebraska delegation having been concluded, the result was announced, Wilson 4, Clark 12, as follows: NEB1 SEASKA. DELEGATES AT LARGE W. J. Bryan I. J. Dunn , G.M.Hitchcock 1 George L. Loomis 1 DISTRICT DELEGATES 1 W. D. Wheeler 1 A S. Tibbets . . 1 2 Constantino J. Smith 1 Felix J. McShane, Jr. [by J. H. Begley, alternate] 1 3 J. R. Kelly 1 Louis Lightner 1 4 Matt Miller 1 C. E. Bowlby 1 5 Frank T. Swanson 1 Peter W. Shea 1 6 Frank J. Taylor \ 1 George D. Gillam 1 4 12 The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MR. E. L. WILLIAMS, of Oklahoma (when the State of Oklahoma wa* called) : Mr. Chairman, I demand a poll of the Oklahoma delegation. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 239 MR. W. H. MURRAY, of Oklahoma: Mr. Chairman, a point of order. I do not object to the roll-call, but we ought first to call the Clark roll and count the result and then call the Wilson roll and count that. MR. WILLIAMS, of Oklahoma: That is right. THE SECRETARY : There are seventeen men from Oklahoma designated as delegates for the State at large. MR. WILLIAMS, of Oklahoma: And three alternates. THE SECRETARY: Three alternates. MR. WILLIAMS, of Oklahoma: Call them all, because the three men whose names appear on the printed list as alternates have been made delegates. The Secretary proceeded to poll the Oklahoma delegation. MR. E. J. GIDDINGS, of Oklahoma (when his name was called) : Mr. Chairman THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: For what purpose does the gentleman rise? MR. GIDDINGS, of Oklahoma: Like Mr. Bryan, of Nebraska, I wish to explain my reasons for changing my vote from Wilson to Clark. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: I ask that the gentleman be permitted to explain his vote. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : Is there objection to the gentleman from Oklahoma (Mr. Giddings) having an opportunity to explain his vote? MR. JOHN W. PECK, of Ohio: I object. MR. GIDDINGS, of Oklahoma: Mr. Chairman, Mr. Bryan was per- mitted to explain his vote. I appeal to this Convention to let me explain my vote, for my people at home. MR. BRYAN, of Nebraska: Let us have both sides here. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair is forced to rule that the gentleman is not permitted to explain his vote, objection having been made. The Chair is compelled to rule that where there is .objection no delegate is entitled to explain his vote. Mu. PECK, of Ohio: I withdraw my objection. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The objection being withdrawn, and there being no other objection, the Chair recognizes the gentleman from Oklahoma (Mr. Giddings) to explain his vote. Mi:. GIDDINGS, of Oklahoma: Mr. Chairman, I want to explain briefly to this Convention my reason for my action in changing my vote. From 1896 down to the present time I have followed unwaveringly the standard of the Niagaric Nebraskan. On the Temporary Chairman- ship I followed him ; but, my friends, I do not propose to sit here and hear aspersions cast upon any good Democrat by the delegate from Nebraska. I want to say to you, without conceit, that I do not believe there would have been a Wilson delegate in this Convention from Okla- homa without my county. I made the fight for him there ; but I do think it is time to call a halt on personalities and to stand for Democracy. 240 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE I am willing to go back to Oklahoma with the record I make in this Convention. I am willing that my vote be cast on every issue, and or every man. I never held a public office and I do not want one. Mj record is clear. * A DELEGATE: You may go back, but you will never come back. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Such interruptions are discourteous, and the Chair hopes they will not be indulged in. MR. GIDDINGS, of Oklahoma I do not care about the remark. I do not know who the gentleman is, and I do not care who'he is. I know my Democratic record is clean. I have never scratched a Democratic ticket in my life. Can the gentleman from Nebraska say the same? [Ap- plause.] Gentlemen, please do not trespass on my time. I have only a couple of minutes remaining. This means much to me. My friends, I want to state in one sentence the reason for my clianyc. It is this, that if the dominance of this man prevails the nomination of a progressive at the hands of this Convention is gone. My friends, I am as near the common people of this country as is Mr. Bryan. For ;: good many years in the West I have represented the Federation of Labor as its attorney. I know its needs, and I know it does not want a reactionary nominated at the hands of this Convention. I ask this Con- vention to turn upon Mr. Bryan and paraphrase a saying of his by saying to him, ' ' You shall not press down upon the brow of Democracy a thorny crown of anarchy. You shall not crucify her upon a cross of selfishness." I vote for Clark. [Applause.] The Secretary having concluded the poll of the Oklahoma delegation, the result was announced: Clark 12%, Wilson 7, % not voting. n> follows : DELEGATES AT LARGE Clark. Wilson. R. L. Williams % Scott Ferris % Fred P. Branson % Howard Webber % Henry S. Johnson % George W. Ballamy % B. 8. Mitchell V-2 O. J. Flemming % E. J. Giddings % W. W. Hastings \-> W.H.Murray % T. P. Gore V. George L. Bowman ^ B. D. Kite % T. H. Owen VI' E. P. Hill % S. C. Burnette . % <- f J"" DEMOCRATIC XATIOXAL COXVEXTIOX 241 DELEGATES AT LARGE Clark. W r ilson. W. A. Collier y 2 W. X. Maben y 2 DISTRICT DELEGATES 1 Roy Hoffman 1 T. S. Chambers J 2 W. H. Wilcox 1 J. J. Carney 1 3 L. T. Samiiions 1 8. V. O'Hare 1 4 P. B. Cole 1 T. W. Hunter 1 5 E. K. Thurmond . '. 1 T. L. Wade. . . 1 7 % not voting. The Secretary resumed and concluded the calling of the roll. MR. WILLIAM KENNEDY, of Connecticut: Mr. Chairman, Connecticut wishes to change her vote, and to cast it Clark 9, Underwood 4, Wilson 1. THK PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The vote of Connecticut may be recorded as announced. The result of the ballot was announced: Clark 553, Wilson 361, Underwood 111, Marshall 30, Harmon 29, Kern 2, Bryan 2, as follows: BALLOT No. 14. States and Territories c * ^ f Alabama 24 Arizona 6 5 Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 Connecticut 14 9 1 4 Delaware 6 . . fl Florida 12 .. .. 12 Georgia 28 . . . . 28 Idaho 8 8 Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 30 Iowa 26 26 Kansas . . 20 20 242 OFFICIAL PROCEEI \ CO 5 "p States and Territories %H 6 fc Kentucky .>i 26 )INGS jj _ o 26 10 1 16 33 19 OF THE rg o a 3 ~ > o CO 1 I i 1 1 1 g P fi K 1 & Louisiana 20 10 .. 11 .. .. Maine . . . . 12 Maryland 16 Massachusetts 36 1 2 .. .... 11 24 20 Michigan 30 Minnesota . . . . 24 Mississippi 20 Missouri 36 36 8 4 6 5 4 8 90 1 10 2 5 10 12J 1| 1 3 14 16 6 6 6 6 4 1 Montana . 8 16 12 . . .. 3 24 18i 5i .. .. .. 10 .... . .. 15 1 . -2 10 8 % . . .. .. 71 18 10 8} 3 40 . 6A . . 7 1 -.. 94 11$ .. , 19 1 1 1 ^ Nebraska Nevatla , 6 New Hampshire 8 New Jersey ... 28 New Mexico 8 New York 90 North Carolina . 24 North Dakota 10 Ohio 48 Oklahoma 20 Oregon 10 Pennsylvania 76 Rhode Island 10 South Carolina 18 South Dakota 10 Tennessee 24 Texas 40 Utah . . . . 8 Vermont . .. 8 Virginia .... 24 Washington 14 West Virginia . . . 16 Wisconsin "6 Wyoming 6 Alaska 6 District of Columbia 6 Hawaii 6 Porto Rico . , 6 553 361 111 2 L'9 3U DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 243 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: No candidate having received the nec- essary two-thirds vote, the Secretary will call the roll for the fifteenth ballot. FIFTEENTH BALLOT. The Secretary having called the roll, the result was announced, Clark 552, Wilson 36L>i, Underwood 110$, Marshall 30, Harmon 29, Kern 2, Bryan 2, as follows: BALLOT No. 15. States and Territories . a *H B SO -d 1 J ' 3 1 ri i J< ^S 'O >. ^ (H > ort'-cC'aJvcs & O^PPQ ^ W W Alabama . . -. 24 . . . . 24 . . . . - . . Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connect^ Ddawfl Florid Georgii Idaho . Illinois Indiana Iowa . 18 18 i .. 26 26 12 12 14 7 1 6 . . . . .. 6 6 - 12 12 . 28 28 8 8 58 58 .. 30 26 26 20 20 26 26 20 10 10 .... 12 4 8 16 16 j* 36 33 1 2 . 30 18 12 .. 24 24 Louisi;^ Maine ^ Mary i. Mass: Michi[ Minm Mississipi 20 . . . . 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 2 6 Nebraska 16 4 12 Nevada . 6 6 New Hamp u,e 8 5 3 New Jersej 28 4 24 New Mexico , , 8 8 New York , , 80 90 .... OFFICIAL' PROCEEDINGS OF THE States and Territories North Carolina .............. 24 1* 18 44 . . ...... North Dakota ............... 10 .. 10 .. .. ...... Ohio .... ................... 48 2 14 .. 1 .'. 2 29 Oklahoma ................... 20 10 10 .......... Oregon .................... 10 2 8 .......... Pennsylvania ............... 76 5 71 .......... Rhode Island ........ ....... 10 10 . . .......... South Carolina .............. 18 . . 18 .......... South Dakota ... ......... ... 10 . . 10 .......... Tennessee .................. 24 144 8 U ........ Texas ...................... 40 . . 40 .......... Utah..T .................... 8 14 64 ........ .. Vermont ................... 8 1 7 . . ... ...... Virginia ................... 24 3 9J 114 ........ Washington ................ 14 14 ............ West Virginia .............. 16 16 ............ Wisconsin .................. 26 6 19 . . 1 Wyoming .................. 6 6 ............ Alaska ..................... 6 6 . . . . ........ District of Columbia ......... 6 6 ............ Hawaii .................... 6 4 1 1 ........ Porto Rico ................. 6 14. 44 .......... 552 3624 1104 2 30 2 39 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: No candidate having received the nec- essary two-thirds vote, the Secretary will call the roll for the sixteenth ballot. SIXTEENTH BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. The State of Idaho was called, and Ihe result was announced, Clark 8. MR. A. P. HUTTEN, of Idaho: Mr. Chairman, I challenge the vote of Idaho, and demand a poll. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The Secretary will call the roll of Idaho. MR. JAMES H. HAWLEY, of Idaho : Mr. Chairman, the Democratic State Convention of Idaho instructed her delegation to cast its vote for Champ Clark as long as the delegates were satisfied of the possibility DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 245 of liis nomination. Under those instructions we have so announced the vote. A portion of the delegation questioned this authority, and desired to break their instructions, and to vote for another candidate. Under those instructions I would ask if the delegation has the right so to do. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The question submitted by the State of Idaho is whether or not the delegates have a right to break their instructions. The State Convention of Idaho instructed its delegation in this lan- guage: "Therefore, be it resolved by the Democrats of Idaho in State con- vention assembled, that we heartily endorse the candidacy of Hon. Champ Clark for nomination as the Democratic candidate for President, and instruct our delegation to the Baltimore convention to use all honorable methods to secure his nomination, and to vote as a unit for him until his nomination, or as long as there is reasonable hope of his nomination. ' ' If a majority of the Idaho delegation are willing to say that they have no reasonable hope of Mr. Clark 's nomination, then they can dis- regard their instructions and be responsible to the people. MR. JAMES H. HAWLEY, of Idaho: Mr. Chairman, Idaho asks to be passed until the conclusion of the roll-call. - The Secretary resumed and concluded the calling of the roll. MR. HAWLEY, of Idaho: Mr. Chairman, Idaho is ready to vote. MR. A. P. HUTTEN, of Idaho: Let us have a poll of the Idaho delegation. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The Secretary will call the roll of the Idaho delegation. The Idaho delegation was polled, and the result was as follows: IDAHO. o + DISTRICT DELEGATES* .* g g H ~H DO ,9 1C o t> < 1 Mosc Alexander 1 2 G. H. Fisher 1 3-D. Orr Poynter 1 4 S. J. Rich 1 5 F. C. Culver . . 1 6 C. W. Whiffen 1 7 J. B. Hitt rr-. 1 . . 8 A. P. Hutten 1 . . . 9 D. H. Lowrey 1 10 Henry Heitfeld 1 . . 1 1 D. L. Evans 1 12 B. H. Miller 1 13 J. H. St. Clari. . 1 24G OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE District Delegates ^j 3 ? | I "'I 14 P. H. Smith 1 . . . . ]5 Ed R. Coulter , 1 16 James H. Hawley 1 21 2 3i *One-half vote each. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : Under the unit rule, a majority having voted for Clark, the vote of the whole delegation will be recorded foi Clark. MR. HUTTEN, of Idaho: Mr. Chairman, when our delegation breaks, we are not under instructions as a delegation. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair has read the resolution adopted in Idaho, upon the vote as a unit, which is ' ' To vote as a unit for him ' ' That is, Champ Clark "until his nomination, or so long as there is reasonable hope of his nomination. ' ' Of course the unit rvrle applies only to Clark. Therefore, a majority of the Idaho delegation voting now for Clark, the whole vote is cast for him. If Mr. Clark were not a candidate, it would be different. The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll of States, etc., the result was announced, Clark, 551 ; Wilson, 362^ ; Underwood, 112}; Marshall, 30; Harmon, 29; Kern, 2 ; Bryan, 1, as follows : States and Territories B C - "2 o^o fi s - 1? *! .2 "3 fc S l C^jTC e Sul l 5 ^ o^t^Wffi pp -*5 Alabama 24 . . . . 24 Arizona 6 5 1 Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 Connecticut 14 6 1 7 Delaware 6 . . 6 Florida 12 . . . . 12 Georgia 28 . . . . 28 Idaho 8 8 Illinois , 58 58 ' '-diana 30 ii^ .1 . . 26 26 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL ('ONVKNTFON 247 c o3 ,_: "p o States and Territories . S c <" ," ' 9 c c IT J ! I B " ^pjSJrtccsj^Sj^ Kansas 20 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 10 10 Maine 12 4 8 Maryland 16 16 Massachusetts 36 33 1 2 Michigan 30 18 12 Minnesota 24 . . 24 . . . . Mississippi . 20 . . . . 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 2 6 Nebraska 16 4 12 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 5 3 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 2 18 4 North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio 48 2 15 . . 29 . . 2 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 2 8 , , . Pennsylvania 76 5 71 . . . . Rhode Island 10 10 , . . . . South Carolina 18 . . 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee 24 13 8 3 . . . ; Texas 40 . . 40 . . . . , . . . ; . Utah 8 1 6$ Vermont 8 2 6 ; Virginia :.. 24 3 9J 11$ : Washington 14 14 . ; West Virginia 16 16 Wisconsin 26 6 19 .. 1 Wyoming 6 6 Alaska 6 6 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 4 1 1 Porto Rico 6 1J 4$ . . Total 551 362* 112i 29 1 2 30 2-18 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE Total number of delegates, 1.088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : No candidate having received the neces- sary two-thirds vote, the Secretary will call the roll for the seventeenth ballot. SEVENTEENTH BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. MR. A. P. HUTTEN, of Idaho (when the State of Idaho was called): Mr. Chairman, we are under the unit rule so far as Mr. Clark is con cerned, and so long as we vote as a unit we vote for Mr. Clark ; but when our delegation breaks we are not under the unit rule. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The instructions read: "until his nomi- nation, or so long as there is reasonable hope of his nomination." Of course the unit rule applies to Mr. Clark, and therefore a majority of your delegation having voted for Mr. Clark, the whole vote is directed to be cast for him. MR. JAMES H. HAWLEY, of Idaho: Certainly. MR. HUTTEN, of Idaho: I demand a poll of the Idaho delegation. The Secretary polled the Idaho delegation and the result was as follows : IDAHO. ti c District Delegates.* ' * d ^ - K *- 03 o C o X 1 Mose Alexander 1 2G. H. Fisher 1 3-D. Orr Poynter 1 4 S. J. Rich 1 5 F. C. Culver 1 6 C. W, Whiffen 1 7 J. B. Hitt 1 8 A. P. Hutten 1 9 D. H. Lowrey 1 . . ' 10 Henry Heitfeld 1 11 D. L. Evans 1 12 B. H. Miller 1 13 J. H. St. Clari 1 14 H. P. Smith 1 15 Ed R. Coulter 1 16 James H. Hawley 1 2 2J 3$ *i vote each. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 249 THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: There are sixteen delegates from Idaho, nine of whom are present, and seven are absent. Upon the poll of the delegation, four of them voted for Clark and five voted for Kern. The Chair holds that that being a majority of the delegation, the delegates upon the floor have a right to control the vote of the State, that is, the vote that is present when it is cast for anyone other than the one directed in the resolution as to the unit rule. Therefore, the Chair directs that the vote of Idaho be cast 2 for Clark, 24 for Kern, and 3 not voting. (Applause.) The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. Mi;. GEORGE F. MILTON, of Tennessee (when the State of Tennessee was called) : Mr. Chairman, I demand a poll of the Tennessee- delegation. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: A poll of the Tennessee delegation being demanded, the Secretary will call the rcll of that State. The Secretary polled the Tennessee delegation, and the result was as follows : TENNESSEE. 1' DELEGATES AT LARGE W. A. Percy (by C. H. Lyle, Alternate) Luke Lea M. M. Allison 4 Nat Baxter C.F.Milton 4 .. S. M. Young * John A. Tipton .' 4 H. C. Adler 4 . . Xote One-half vote each. DISTRICT DELEGATES 1 Thad A. Cox 1 C. B. Minims 1 2 J. W. Sneed 1 J. C. J. Williams . . . . 1 3 Lewis M. Coleman 1 C. H. Garner 1 4 George P. Welsh 1 L. T. Smith 1 5 W. A. Frost 1 H. T. Stewart 1 6 H. E. Howse 1 J. B. Newman 1 7 Will Parks 1 H. C. Carter . , 1 250 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE c| s I DISTRICT DELEGATES . 3 - PI O d o 5 1 3 s ^ 8 A. B. Lamb ........................ . ............... H. E. Graper . . .. ................ .................... * D. G. Hudson ...................................... i Terry W. Allen ................................... i Note One-half vote each. 9 G. W. Jeter ........................................ 1 W. W. Baird ................................... 1 10 H. C. Moorman ..................................... i J. W. Jones ................ ...... ................ } . . C. P. Simonton ................................. Hubert Fisher .................................... \ . . 2 5i 16J Note One-half vote each. The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll of States, etc., the result was announced : Clark, 545 ; Wilson, 362 ; Underwood, 112}; Marshall, 30; Harmon, 29; Kern, 4}; Bryan, 1; not voting, 3i, as follows: States and Territories > OS | D aj Alabama 24 . . . . 24 Arizona 6 5 1 . . . . Arkansas 18 18 California 26 ~ 26 Colorado 12 12 1 .. .. .. Connecticut 14 6 1 7 Delaware . . .*. 6 . . 6 Florida 12 . . . . 12 Georgia 28 . . . . 28 Idaho 8 2 2J .. .. 3} Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 . . 30 Iowa 26 26 Kansas 20 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 10 10 Maine . . 12 4 8 7 .DLAi MOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 251 ~o States and Territories > S-l O Maryland 16 16 33 18 36 2 4 6 5 4 8 90 2 2 10 2 5 10 13 14 2 3 14 16 6 6 6 6 4 14 ..545 TJ bo o . a S a ~ - a ?. o --So 1 | g | : Massachusetts . 36 1 2 12 Michigan . 30 Minnesota . 24 24 Mississippi . 20 .. 20 Missouri . ... . 36 Montana 8 6 Nebraska . 16 12 Nevada . 6 New Hampshire . 8 3 New Jersey . 28 24 New Mexico . 8 New York . 90 North Carolina . 24 18 4 10 North Dakota . 10 Ohio . 48 15 .. 29 2 10 Oklahoma . 20 Oregon . 10 8 Pennsylvania . 76 71 Rhode Island . 10 South Carolina . 18 18 South Dakota . 10 10 ; Tennessee . 24 8 3 40 Texas . 40 Utah . 8 64 Vermont . 8 6 Virginia , . 24 94 114 .. Washington , . 14 West Virginia , , . 16 Wisconsin . . 26 19 1 .; Wyoming , , . 6 \laska . 6 District of Columbia. Hawaii .. 6 .. 6 1 1 44 Porto Rico .. 6 Total . 3624 1124 29 4* 1* 30 3 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: No candidate having received the 252 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE requisite two-thirds vote, the Secretary will -call the roll for tin 1 eighteenth ballot. EIGHTEENTH BALLOT. The Secretary having called the roll of States, etc., the result was announced : Clark, 535 ; Wilson, 361 ; Underwood, 125 ; Marshall. 30 ; Harmon, 29; Kern, 3^ ; Bryan, 1; not voting, 3^, as follows: States and Territories ~ c ;5 -js I | | 1 f ; - e I o J5 c C 1 s csoo *?< o f> 3 p? r^ K M ?5 Alabama 24 . . . . 24 Arizona 6 5 1 Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 . . . . Colorado 12 12 Connecticut 14 6 .1 7 Delaware 6 . . 6 Florida 12 . . . . 12 Georgia 28 . . . . 28 Idaho 8 2 2* 31 Illinois 58 58 . . Indiana 30 30 Iowa 26 26 Kansas 20 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 10 10 Maine 12 4 8 Maryland 16 16 Massachusetts 36 33 1-2 Michigan 30 19 11 Minnesota 24 . . 24 Mississippi 20 . . . . 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 2 6 Nebraska 16 3 12 1 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 5 3 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 2 18 4 North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio 48 2 17 29 Oklahoma . . 20 10 10 / / DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COXVEXTIOX 253 States and Territories Oregon =4- d fc . 10 jj (H a if ' . . ' " a r - a j3 J ~ 5 2 5 = ^ F P -" S 8 1 1 s s : 03 C W M fc Pennsylvania . 76 5 71 Rhode Island . 10 10 South Carolina . 18 18 South Dakota . .10 10 Tennessee . 24 3 5* 154 . Texas . 40 40 Utah . 8 14 64 .. Vermont . 8 9 6 Virginia . 24 3 94 114 Washington . 14 14 West Virginia . 16 16 Wisconsin . 26 6 19 . 1 . . Wyoming . 6 6 Alaska . 6 6 District of Columbia.. . 6 6 Hawaii . 6 4 1 1 Porto Rico . fi H 44 Total 535 361 125 1 30 29 34 3* Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: No candidate haying received the neces- sary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the nineteenth ballot. NINETEENTH BALLOT. The Secretary having called the roll the result was announced: Clark, .~>32; Wilson, 358; Underwood, 130; Marshall, 30; Harmon, 29; Bryan, 7; Foss, 1; Kern, 1, as follows: I 1 States and Territories 5 . a CO =*-. t S !* ; B X _z = * -i * I % 2 B g ort^c-r*caa?cd J ^^ ^ h" u_j k ^ w^ -V Zu I^PW KMgfe Alabama 24 . . . . 24 Arizona 6 5 1 Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 _ Connecticut . 14 5 1 8 254 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE Q> 'O O States and Territories > I n ^ i 1 I | 1 e 1 o^irjoE/tsujcs Delaware 6 . . 6 . . Florida 12 . . . . 12 Georgia 28 . . . . 28 , Idaho 8 2 .. .. 6 Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 . . . . 30 Iowa 26 26 Kansas 20 20 Kentucky 26 26 . . Louisiana 20 9 10 Maine 12 4 8 Maryland 16 16 Massachusetts 7 . 36 33 1 2 Michigan 30 19 11 Minnesota 24 . . 24 Mississippi 20 . . . . 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 2 6 Nebraska 16 2 13 1 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 5 3 , New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 "New York 90 90 ... . . North Carolina 24 . . 16 8 North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio 48 2 17 .. .. 29 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 2 8 Pennsylvania 76 5 71 Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 . . 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee 24 5 4 15 Texas , . 40 . . 40 Utah 8 li 6i Vermont 8 2 6 Virginia 24 3 9 12 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 255 States and Territories > R <4H O - . f J I L; ' i f' ' 1 g o cfi IT s ? cs o> eg u P pqWMSft Wisconsin 26 6 19 . . 1 Wyoming 6 6 Alaska 6 6 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 4 1 1 Porto Rico . 6 H 4i Total 532 358 130 7 29 1 30 1 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: No candidate having received the neces- sary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the twentieth ballot. TWENTIETH BALLOT. The Secretary having called the roll of States, etc., the result was announced: Clark, 512; Wilson, 388J; Underwood, 121$ ; Marshall, 30; Harmon, 29; Bryan, 1; Foss, 2; James, 3; Kern, 1, as follows: States and Territories Alabama . . d fc 24 B 1 I 1 I . * i~ a S3 3 M Arizona . 6 2 1 . . . - \ . 3 Arkansas ........ . 18 18 California . 26 26 Colorado . 12 12 Connecticut . 14 3 1 10 Delaware . 6 6 Florida 12 12 Georgia . 28 28 Idaho t". . . 8 2 6 Illinois . 58 58 Indiana . 30 30 Iowa . 26 26 Kansas . 20 20 Kentucky . 26 26 Louisiana . 20 9 10 1 Maine . . 12 1 8 3 Maryland . , 16 16 256 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE X 'O States and Territories *? . = Massachusetts 36 32 1 2 1 Michigan 30 19 11 Minnesota 24 . . 24 Mississippi 20 . . . . 20 Missouri 36 36 . . . . Montana 8 2 6 Nebraska 16 2 13 . . 1 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire. . . 8 5 3 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 Xew York 90 90 North Carolina.... 24 .. 17 7 North Dakota 10 .. 10 Ohio 48 2 17 .. .. 29 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 2 8 Pennsylvania 76 5 71 Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 .. 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee 24 14 ~\ 2$ Texas 40 . . 40 Utah 8 U 6i Vermont 8 2 6 Virginia 24 3 9 12 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 Wisconsin 26 6 19 1 Wyoming 6 6 Alaska 6 6 Dist. of Columbia. . 6 6 Hawaii 6 4 1 1 Porto Rico 6 1* 4* Total 512 388*1214 30 29 1 2 3 1 Total number of delegates. 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. J. Thomas Heflin. of Alabama, in the Chair) : No candidate having received the necessary two-thirds vote, the [OCEATic NATIONAL CONTENTION 257 Secretary will call the roll for the twenty-third ballot. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll of States, etc. The State of Washington was called, and the vote was announced : Clark, 14. MR. J. W. BLACK, of Washington: Mr. Chairman THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: For what purpose does the gentleman rise? MR. BLACK, of Washington: Mr. Chairman, I challenge the vote of Washington, and demand a roll call of our delegation. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Secretary will call the roll of the State of Washington. The Secretary polled the Washington delegation, and the result was as follows: WASHINGTON. DELEGATES AT LARGE c ' > 2 i ' i* -n cS " 01 o Q M fc John Shram \ J. W. Shorett i Thomas E. Homer \ M. M. Lyter \ .. J. W. Black I'.. H.C.Wallace \ J.D.Fletcher \ .. I'. M. Troy \ .. E. A. Fitzhenry $ J. A. Zittel \ F. C. Robertson \ George Turner \ .Fnlni F. Green \ D. M. Drumheller \ . . . . D. F. Shaser } D. M. Rausch i District Delegates Will H. Merritt. * .leremiah Xeterer \ M. A. Langhorue \ J. A. Munday \ May Arkwright Hutton \ Msjrtin J. Maloney \ John D. Bird I .. R.L.Davis * 258 bo Sjj DrsTRiCT DELEGATES g ' 3 ~ S 03 ;-i o> o a M 5? Frank Donohue i F. A. Hatfield i W. A. Eitz i 8i 2 2 1 Note Each delegate entitled to one-half vote. MR. WILL H. MEKRITT, of Washington: Mr. Chairman - THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. William Sulzer, of New York, in the Chair) : For what purpose does the gentleman rise? MR. MERRITT, of Washington: The Washington delegation is undei the unit rule. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Are they instructed by resolution? MR., MERRITT, of Washington : Yes. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The resolution provides that the delegation shall vote as a unit, and a majority of the delegation having voted for Clark MR. ALBERT S. BUKLESON, of Texas: Eead the resolution. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The Secretary will read the resolution. The Secretary read the resolution, as follows: "Be it resolved by the Democratic Convention of the State of Wash- ington that our delegates to the National Convention at Baltimore are hereby instructed to vote as a unit on all matters pertaining to business coming before said convention." THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The ruling of the Chair is that the vote of Washington be cast for Champ Clark. (Applause.) The Secretary proceeded with the calling of the roll. The State of Wyoming was called, and the result was announced: Clark, 6. MR. A. N. HASENKAMP, of Wyoming: Mr. Chairman, I challenge the vote of Wyoming. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The vote of the State of Wyoming is challenged. Does the gentleman desire the delegation polled? MR. P. J. QUEALEY, of Wyoming: Mr. Chairman, as chairman of the Wyoming delegation I beg to advise the convention that Wyoming is voting under the unit rule, and is instructed to vote for Champ Clark. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The Chair will state that if that is the status, the vote of that State must be cast for Champ Clark. What is the ground of the challenge? MR. HASENKAMP, of Wyoming: The delegates were instructed to vote for Champ Clark as long as there was a chance for his nomination. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 259 THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Does the gentleman desire the delega- tion polled? MR. HASENKAMP, of Wyoming: Yes, sir. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Secretary will call the roll of thc- Wyoming delegation. The Secretary polled the Wyoming delegation, and the result was as follows : WYOMING. Delegates -g 3 u A. N. Hasenkamp James E. Mayes 1 Eoy Montgomery . 1 John D. Clark " 1 B.F.Perkins 1 P. J. Quealey 1 4 2 THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The roll call informs the Chair that four out of six of the Wyoming delegation have voted for Mr. Clark. Under the instructions of the convention of that State the vote of the State upon this ballot must be cast for Clark. The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll of States, etc., the result was announced : Clark, 508 ; Wilson, 395 ; Underwood, 118; Marshall, 30; Harmon, 29; Foss, 5; Bryan, 1; Kern, 1; as follows: States and Territories Alabama 24 . . . . 24 Arizona 6 5 1 Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 Connecticut 14 3 2 9 Delaware 6 . . 6 Florida 12 .. .. 12 Georgia ! 28 . . . . 28 Idaho 8 2 6 Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 . . . . . . . . 30 Iowa . . 26 26 260 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE States and Territories ,_," = => * g 6 5 g . IS fc 5 & Kansas 20 . . 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 9 10 1 Maine 12 1 8 3 Maryland 16 16 Massachusetts 36 27 3 2 4 Michigan 30 19 11 Minnesota 24 . . 24 Mississippi 20 ,. .. 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 2 6 Nebraska 16 2 13 1 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 5 3 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 . . 18 6 North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio 48 . . 19 . . 29 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 2 8 Pennsylvania 76 5 71 Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 . . 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee 24 14 8i H Texas 40 .. 40 Utah 8 li 6$ Vermont 8 2 6 Virginia 24 3 9 12 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 Wisconsin 26 6 19 1 Wyoming 6 6 Alaska 6 6 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 4 1 1 Porto Rico . 6 H 4* Total 508 395* 118i 29 30 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 261 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. PEOPOSED BECESS. MR. DAVID B. FRANCIS, of Missouri, rose. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Missouri. MR. FRANCIS, of Missouri: I move that the Convention take a recess until 8:30 o'clock p. m. MR. LUKE LEA, of Tennessee: Mr. Chairman, on that motion I demand a roll-call. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman from Missouri moves that the Convention take a recess until 8:30 o'clock p. m. MR. A. S. BURLESON, of Texas: Mr. Chairman, on that motion I demand a roll-call. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The question is, shall the Convention take a recess until 8:30 o'clock p. m. The Secretary will call the roll. The Secretary having called the roll, the result was announced : Yeas, 531i; nays, 545 J; not voting. 11; as follows: States and Territories ' --w & O OS O fc fH fc fc Alabama ....................................... 24 24 Arizona ......................................... 6 6 Arkansas ...................................... 18 18 California ...................................... 26 26 Colorado ....................................... 12 12 Connecticut .................................... 14 n 3 Delaware ...................................... 6 6 Florida ........................................ 12 12 Georgia ........................................ 28 28 Idaho .......................................... 8 . . 8 Illinois ........................................ 58 58 Indiana ........................................ 30 . . 30 Iowa .......................................... 26 13 13 Kansas ......................................... 20 . . 20 Kentucky ....................................... 26 26 Louisiana ...................................... 20 10 10 Maine ......................................... 12 11 Maryland ...................................... 16 10 6 Massachusetts .................................. 36 . . 36 M ichigan ...................................... 30 20 10 I Minnesota ...................................... 24 . . 24 M ississippi ..................................... 20 . . 20 Missouri ............................. .36 36 262 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE States and Territories Montana 8 . . 8 Nebraska '. 16 1 15 Nevada G 6 New Hampshire 8 . . 8 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 . . 24 North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio 48 29 19 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 5 1 4 Pennsylvania 76 5 71 Ehode Island 10 9 1 South Carolina 18 . . 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee 24 9 15 Texas 40 .. 40 Utah 8 . . 8 Vermont 8 . . 8 Virginia 24 . . 24 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 9$ 2J 4 Wisconsin 26 7 19 Wyoming 6 6 Alaska 6 . . 6 District of Columbia \ 6 6 Hawaii 6 3 3 Porto Rico . 642 Total 531$ 545i 11 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : In order that there may be no error, the Chair directs the Secretary to recapitulate the vote. The Secretary recapitulated the vote. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Upon the motion to take a recess until 8:30 o'clock p. m.^ the yeas are 531$ and the nays are 545$. The nays have it, and the Convention refuses to take a recess. JL. XTJ DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 263 VOTE FOR CANDIDATE FOR PRESIDENT. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : No candidate having received tlrj necessary two-thirds vote on the twenty-first ballot, the roll will again be called. TWENTY-SECOND BALLOT. The Secretary preceded to call the roll. MR. JOHN F. FITZGERALD, of Massachusetts (when the State of Massachusetts was called) : Mr. Chairman, Massachusetts asks the privilege of making a statement. I ask unanimous consent that I may be given five minutes. THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. William Sulzer, of New York, in tho chair) : The gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Fitzgerald) asks unanimous consent to address the Convention for five minutes. Is thero objection? Several delegates objected. MR. JOHN W. COUGHLIN, of Massachusetts: Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that Mayor Fitzgerald have five minutes to address the Convention, as Massachusetts has not taken up any time heretofore. Several delegates objected. MR. FITZGERALD, of Massachus?tts : ^Massachusetts casts 34 votes for Eugene Noble Foss, of Massachusetts, and 2 for Clark. [Applause.] MR. FRANCIS X. TYRRELL, of Massachusetts: Mr. Chairman, I rise to a question of personal privilege. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The gentleman cannot interrupt the roll call, under the rules. MR. FITZGERALD, 'of Massachusetts : Mr. Chairman, I rise to a ques- tion of personal privilege. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The Chair will state again that under tho rules nothing is in order except the calling of the roll. MR. WILLIAM HUGHES, of New Jersey: Mr. Chairman, I rise to a parliamentary inquiry. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Nothing is in order but the calling of the roll. The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll of States, etc., the result was announced, Clark 500$, Wilson 396$, Under- wood 115, Foss 43, Marshall 30, Bryan 1, Kern 1, Gaynor 1, as fol- lows: to O> 'O -*-> o . States and Territories > | ~ ^ ^ ^ I I I i i ' f ' " E Alabama 24 . . . . 24 Arizona 6 2 4 .. Arkansas 18 18 California . . 26 26 264 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE States and Territories > Colorado 12 12 Connecticut 14 7 1 6 Delaware 6 . . 6 Florida 12 . . .. 12 Georgia 28 . . . . 28 Idaho , 8 . . 8 Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 30 Iowa > 26 26 Kansas 20 . . 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 8 11 Maine 12 1 8 3 Maryland 16 16 Massachusetts 36 2 Michigan 30 18 12 Minnesota 24 . . 24 Mississippi 20 . . . . 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 1 7 Nebraska 16 2 13 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 4 4 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 . . 18 6 North Dakota 10 .. 10 Ohio 48 28i 19 .. Oklahoma -. 20 10 10 Oregon 10 Pennsylvania 76 Rhode Island f 10 South Carolina ' 18 . . 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee 24 10 10 3 Texas 40 . . 40 Utah 8 li 6 i Vermont 8 . . Virginia 24 3 9 12 Washington 14 14 DKMOOI; ATIC \ATKiN.\I. Co NV KM] ON' 265 State and Territories .^ - :; :: . u = . -' i I J - I i >-. - J; :~ - " ^-' o cs" ^^=:-^-PN o W. st Virginia ......... 16 16 Wisconsin ............. 26 6 19 . . . . 1 Wyoming .............. 6 6 Alaska ................ 6 6 District of Columbia. ... 6 6 Hawaii ................ 6 4 1 1 Porto Ki.-o ............ 6 H 4* Total .............. 500i 396A 115 30 1 43 1 I Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, o4"i. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Xo candidate having received two-thirds, there is no selection, and the Secretary will call the roll for the twenty third ballot. TWENTY-THIRD BALLOT. The Secretary having called the roll of States, etc., the result was announcod. rlark 4i>7;. Wilson 399, Underwood 1144, Foss 45. Marshall 30, Bryan 1, Gaynor 1, as follows: BALLOT Xo. 23. States and Territories \labama o 24 5 3 P. 8 P S PQ fe c 24 Arizona 6 5 1 Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado , 12 12 Connecticut 14 5 1 6 . . 2 Delaware 6 6 Florida , 12 1" Georgia 28 28 Idaho 8 8 Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 30 Iowa . . '() 26 Kansas 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 7 12 1 Maine .. . 1 1 8 3 266 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE States and Territories ^ 1 f . I I I 1 i i a & ' a b '* M % a ^ p g H ^o Maryland 16 16 Massachusetts 36 2 34 Michigan 30 18 12 Minnesota 24 . . " 24 . . . . Mississippi ' 20 . . . . 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 1 7 Nebraska 16 2 14 ' .. Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 4 4 .. t New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 . . 13 6 North Dakota 10 . . 10 . . . . Ohio 48 26i 21i Oklahoma 20 10 10 .. .. Oregon 10 2 8 Pennsylvania 76 5 71 Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 .. 18 South Dakota 10 .. 10 Tennessee 24 10 10 3 1 Texas 40 .. 40 Utah 8 1J 6 Vermont 8 8 Virginia 24 3 9i Hi Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 . . Wisconsin 26 6 19 . . . . 1 Wyoming 6 6 ' Alaska 6 6 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 3 2 1 Porto Eico 6 li 4 Total 497i 399 114$ 30 1 45 1 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: No candidate having received the nec- essary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the twenty-fourth ballot. l ' l<0 ' DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 267 TWENTY-FOUETH BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll of States, etc. MR. WILLIAM KENSINGER, of Iowa (when the State of Iowa was called) : Mr. Chairman, Iowa desires to be polled. There is a difference among the delegates. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The Iowa delegation will be polled. The Secretary proceeded to poll the Iowa delegation. MR. KENSINGER, of Iowa (when his name was called) : Mr. Chair- man, I rise to a question of information. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman will state it. MR. KENSINGER, of Iowa : As I understand, a motion was agreed to in our delegation to release the delegates from their instructions to vote as a unit. I understand that motion was carried. If it was, are we per- mitted to vote individually? THE PEKMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentlemen are. The Secretary resumed and concluded the poll of the Iowa delegation, and the result was as follows: IOWA. DELEGATES AT LARGE Clark. Wilson. C. R. Porter 4 Emmet Tinley \ M. F. Healy * Frank A. O 'Connor \ N.D.Ely * W. W. Marsh $ Parley Sheldon \ N. F. Eeed } DISTRICT DELEGATES 1 Eobert B. Louden 1 John T. Pettibone 1 2 Henry Volmer 1 W. J. McDonald 1 3 Wm. Kensinger 1 C. C. Gethman 1 4 D. D. Murphy 1 Willard Bucklin 1 5 John N. Hughes 1 Arthur White 1 6 D. W. Hamilton 1 S. F. McConnell 7 G. A. Huffman 1 W. J. Casey 1 8 Walter H. Dewey 1 J. J. Doty 1 9 J. W. Morris. . . 1 268 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE IOWA. Clark. Wilson W. J. Burke 1 10 Maurice O 'Connor Montague Hakes i E. J. Murtagh 4 J. C. Arts 4 11 J. F. Kerberg 1 Wm. Mulvaney 1 17 9 MR. WILLIAM MULVANEY, of Iowa: Mr. Chairman, I object to the vote of the State of Iowa, for the reason that the delegates from that State were instructed by the State convention to vote as a unit for Champ Clark for President. There was no option given as to a choice for any other candidate or to determine as to when it was proper to abandon the trust that was reposed in them. I challenge the vote for that reason. MR. C. E. PORTER, of. Iowa: Mr. Chairman, I rise to a point of order. Our delegation in conference today passed the following THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Was it by a. majority vote? MR. PORTER, of Iowa : Yes. I am the chairman of the delegation. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair asks if the unit rule was abrogated by a majority vote? MR. PORTER, of Iowa: I as chairman of the delegation am unable to answer,- and being unable to answer, and in order to be fair to evi-rv member of the delegation, I ask for a poll of the delegation on that question first. MR. MULVANEY, of Iowa: That is satisfactory. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: According to the poll, a majority hav- ing voted for Clark, and the delegation having been instructed by IJie State Convention to vote as a unit for him, the Chair holds that the vote of Iowa must be cast for Clark. [Applause.] MR. C. C. GETHMAN, of Iowa: Mr. Chairman, I appeal from the decision of the Chair. A majority of the delegation released us from our trust, and said we could vote as we pleased. MR. JAMES A. EEED, of Missouri: Mr. Chairman, I move to lay the appeal on the table. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The gentleman from Missouri moves to lay the appeal on the table. MR. A. S. BURLESON, of Texas: I demand the yeas and nays on that motion. MR. GETHMAN, of Iowa: Mr. Chairman. I withdraw the appeal. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The appeal being withdrawn, the vote of Iowa will be recorded for Clark. The Secretary will proceed with the call of the roll of States, etc. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 269 The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll of States, etc., the result was announced, Clark 496, Wilson 402*., Under- wood 115*, Foss 43, Marshall 30, Bryan 1, as follows: BALLOT No. 24. States and Territories Alabama ........................ 24 .. .. 24 ...... Arizona ......................... 6 5 1 ........ Arkansas ....................... 18 18 .......... California ....................... 26 26 .......... Colorado ........................ 12 12 .......... Connecticut ..................... 14 6 * 1 7 ...... Delaware ........................ 6 . . 6 ........ Florida ......................... 12 . . . . 12 ...... Georgia ........................ 28 . . . . 28 ...... Idaho ........................... 8 .. 8 ........ Illinois ......................... 58 58 ..... ' ..... Indiana ......................... 30 .......... 30 Io\vn ............................ 26 26 ..... ..... Kansas ......................... 20 . . 20 ........ Kentucky ....................... 26 26 ........ Louisiana ....................... 20 7 12 . . . . 1 Maine .............. ............ 12 1 8 3 . . . . Maryland- ................ '. ...... 16 16 .......... Massachusetts .................... 36 2 ...... 34 Michigan ........................ 30 18 12 ........ Minnesota ........................ 24 .. 24 ........ Mississippi ................... ...20 .. .. 20 ...... Missouri ................... ..... 36 36 .......... Montana ........................ 8 1 7 Nebraska ........................ 16 2 14 . . ...... Nevada ......................... 6 6 .......... New Hampshire ................. 8 4 4 ........ New Jersey ..................... 28 4 24 ........ New Mexico ..................... 8 8 .......... New York ....................... 90 90 .......... North Carolina .................. 24 . . 18 6 ...... North Dakota ................... 10 . . 10 ........ Ohio ............................ 48 25i 22* ........ Oklahoma ....................... 20 10 10 ........ Oregon ......................... 10 1 9 ........ 270 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE States and Territories > ? -g. o -g I | I | $ 3 I 1 fr I J ^ P PQ in S Pennsylvania 76 5 71 Ehode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 . . 18 South Dakota '. 10 .. 10 Tennessee 24 9$ 11J 3 Texas 40 . . 40 Utah 8 li 6i Vermont 8 8 Virginia 24 3 9$ 11 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 Wisconsin 26 6 19 . . 1 Wyoming 6 6 Alaska 6 6 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 3 2 1 Porto Rico 6 li 4* Total 496 402$ 115* 1 43 30 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : No candidate has received the necessary two-thirds vote. The Secretary will call the roll for the next ballot. MR. WILLIAM J. STONE, of Missouri: Mr. Chairman, I ask the unani- mous consent of this Convention to the following agreement : That after two additional ballots, on the third ballot the candidate receiving the smallest number of votes be dropped, and after the next ballot there- after the candidate receiving the smallest vote on that ballot be dropped, and so on until the last ballot, and that on that ballot the candidate receiving the greater number of votes be declared the nominee of the Convention. MR. ALBERT S. BURLESON, of Texas: Mr. Chairman, I object. MR. ROBERT L. HENRY, of Texas: I object. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Senator from Missouri (Mr. Stone) makes this request for unanimous consent that the Convention proceed to take two more ballots, and that thereafter, upon the third ballot, the candidate receiving the smallest number of votes be dropped, and so on until a nomination is made, and that the candidate receiving the majority of the votes upon the last ballot be declared the nominee. 271 To that request Congressman Burleson, of Texas, and Congressman Henry, of Texas, object. The Secretary will call the roll for the next ballot. MR. JOHN SHARP WILLIAMS, of Mississippi: Mr. Chairman, a ques- tion of order. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The gentleman from Mississippi will state it. MR. WILLIAMS, of Mississippi: Is unanimous consent required for the request made? THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Certainly. The Chair so stated, and objection was made. MR. WILLIAMS, of Mississippi: Mr. Chairman, would that unanimous consent, if given, preserve inviolate the two-thirds rule of a Democratic national convention? MR. A. MITCHELL PALMER, of Pennsylvania: Mr. Chairman, I object to the request for unanimous consent. MR. LUKE LEA, of Tennessee : Mr. Chairman, I also object. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Objection being made, the Secretary will call the roll for the twenty-fifth ballot. TWENTY-FIFTH BALLOT. The Secretary having called the roll of States, etc., the result was announced, Clark 469, Wilson 405, Underwood 108, Marshall 30, Harmon 29, Foss 43, James 3, Bryan 1, as follows: BALLOT No. 25. States and Ten Alabama ritonea > c to , 24 1 3 W'ilson. 3 - - w ~ CO a 1 1 1 1 1 S rt a ^ fa B ^ M 24 Arizona, 6 2 1 3 Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 Connecticut . . . ]4 5 2 7 . . Delaware 6 6 Florida 12 12 Georgia .., 28 28 Idaho . 8' 8 Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 30 Iowa 26 9 g Kansas . . . 20 20 Kentucky . . 26 26 272 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE States and Territories > i 13 Louisiana d 4 . 20 1 > 3 3 ^ s a III p ^ W fc PC 12 1 Maine .. 12 1 8 3 Maryland . 16 16 Massachusetts . 36 2 .... 34 Michigan .. 30 18 12 Minnesota .. 24 24 Mississippi . 20 20 Missouri . 36 36 Montana . 8 1 7 Nebraska . 16 2 14 .... Nevada . 6 6 New Hampshire . 8 4 4 New Jersey . 28 4 24 New Mexico . 8 8 New York . . 90 90 North Carolina . 24 24 North Dakota , . . 10 10 Ohio , . 48 19 .. .. 29 Oklahoma , . . 20 10 10 Oregon , . . 10 1 9 Pennsylvania . . 76 5 71 Rhode Island . 10 10 South Carolina . 18 18 .... South Dakota . . 10 10 Tennessee , . 24 14 8* n Texas . . 40 40 . . Utah . 8 H Vermont , . 8 8 Virginia . . 24 3 9* 1 H \Vashington . . 14 14 \Vest Virginia . ... . . 16 16 Wisconsin . . 26 6 19 1 \Vvoiiiing . . 6 6 \laska . .. 6 6 District of Columbia . . . 6 6 Hawaii .. 6 3 2 1 Porto Rico . 6 H 44 Total 469 405 108 30 29 43 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 273 THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. James Hamilton Lewis, of Illinois, in the chair) : No candidate having received the necessary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the twenty-sixth ballot. TWENTY-SIXTH BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. MR. HENRY HEITFSLD, of Idaho (when the State of Idaho was called) : Mr. Chairman, I desire to know how the vote of Idaho is recorded on the last ballot. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Eight votes for Wilson. Mi;. HEITFELD, of Idaho: I object. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Upon what ground? MR. HEITFELD, of Idaho: I have not given any authority to anyone, on this or any other ballot, to cast my vote for Wilson. I vote for Clark. I insist upon one-half vote being recorded from Idaho for Mr. Clark. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Does the unit rule bind the delegation? Did the State Convention of Idaho adopt the unit rule? MR. HEITFELD, of Idaho: Only so far as Mr. Clark was concerned. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Is that resolution in your possession? MR. HEITFELD. of Idaho: The Permanent Chairman has ruled on the resolution. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: What was the ruling? The present occu- pant of the chair is not informed upon that subject, as he was not in the chair at the time. MR. HEITFELD, of Idaho: The ruling was that we were under the jnit rule as long as we were voting for Mr. Clark. The instructions in regard to that were read. MR. B. H. MILLER, of Idaho: There is no objection to one-half vote being cast for Mr. Clark. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Let the vote of Idaho be corrected by recording it 1\ votes for Wilson and -} for Clark. MR. JOHN WALTER SMITH, of Maryland (when the State of Maryland was called) : Mr. Chairman, I want to state that in response to the wishes of a majority of the delegates from my State I feel it my duty at this time to announce 16 votes for Clark. At the same time I want to state that there will be two gentlemen, representing one vote, who will have something to say of the manner in which I have cast the vote of Maryland. MR. GUY W. STEELE, of Maryland: Mr. Chairman, I demand a poll of the Maryland delegation. MR. ARTHUR P. GORMAN, of Maryland: Mr. Chairman, before the roll of the Maryland delegation is called I ask that the resolution passed by the Maryland Democratic State Convention be read. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The request of the gentleman will be con- 274 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE sidered by the Chair after the poll. The Secretary will first call the roll of the Maryland delegation. The Secretary proceeded to poll the Maryland delegation. MR. ISIBOR RAYNER, of Maryland (when his name was called) : Mr. Chairman, under the tows of the State of Maryland I have the right to vote, and T do vote for Mr. Wilson. MR. MAX WAYS, of Maryland (when his name was called) : Mr. Chair- man, T vote as the people of Maryland, instructed me to vote, for Champ Clark. The Secretary completed the poll of the Maryland delegation. MR. S. S. FIELD, of Maryland : Mr. Chairman, I make the point of order that when delegates are instructed under the unit rule, the ma- jority having voted for Clark, the vote of the State must be cast for hi 171. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The Chair desires to see the instructions passed by the Maryland State Convention. The Secretary informs the Chair that there are no instructions here. MR. JOSHUA W. MILES, of Maryland: There are no instructions. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : No matter what the reason is, the in- structions are not here, and as they are not here, the point\ of order is overruled, and the vote will be recorded in accordance with the result of the poll. MR. FIELD, of Maryland: Mr. Chairman, I have in my hand the statute of the State of Maryland, triiich provides that all the delegates selected by a State Convention to a National Convention shall be in- structed and bound to vote as a unit in the National Convention for such candidate for President, so selected as the choice of the State of Maryland as aforesaid, and such delegates shall continue to vote in such National Convention lor the choice of the State of Maryland as long as in their conscientious judgment there is any possibility of his being nominated. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: This law provides that where the dele- gates are chosen at a primary, they are under a different rule than where they come from a State Convention. No resolution passed by the State Convention is produced here. MR. FIELD, of Maryland: There was a resolution passed. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : It is not here. Mn. FIELD, of Maryland: The delegates are elected, not by the con- vention, but by the counties. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: This says "as long as in their con- scientious judgment there is a possibility of his nomination." MK. FIEID, of Maryland: I withdraw the point of order, and we will renew it when we have our resolution. The Secretary resumed and concluded the poll of the Maryland dele- gation, and the result was as follows: DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 275 MARYLAND. DELEGATES AT LARGE Not Clark. Wilson. voting. Jolm Walter Smith - \ Joshua W. Miles \ James H. Preston \ J. Fre,d C. Talbot Isidor Rayner i Jolm J. Mahon i Arthur P. Gorman } Jasper X. Willison District Delegates 1 J. Harry Covington J Thomas J. Keating . . 1 Emerson C. Harrington i Emerson R. Crothers \ 2 Frank A. Furst J .. .. John S. Young i Charles H. Dickey J Guy W. Steele i 3 S. Davies Warfield \ Wm. F. O'Connor * S. S. Field \ Robert J. Padgett } 4 Alonzo L. Miles \ Daniel J. Lowden \ Max Ways i John S. Kelley } 5 Dr. Geo. Wells . . \ Aquilla T. Robinson $ Dr. Walter B. Dent \ Edward M. Hammond \ 6 J. Augustine Mason \ Gilmor S. Hamill \ Emory L. Coblentz . . \ Arthur Peter \ 12 2* li Each delegate entitled to one-half vote. The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll of States, etc., the result was announced, Clark 463$, Wilson 407i, Under- wood ]12^, Foss 43, Marshall 30, Harmon 29, Bryan 1, not voting li, as follows : 276 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE BALLOT No. 26. States and Territories O S C3 01? a u !> W S & ffl Alabama .24 Arizona 6 5 Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 Connecticut 14 3 Delaware 6 Florida 12 . . . . 12 Georgia 28 . . . . 28 Idaho 8 J 1\ Illinois 58 58 . . . . Indiana 30 30 Iowa 26 26 Kansas 20 . . 20 . . ! Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 7 12 1 Maine 12 1 9 2 Maryland 16 12 24 .. Massachusetts 36 . . 2 34 Michigan 30 18 Minnesota 24 Mississippi 20 . . . . 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 3 5 Nebraska 16 2 14 Nevada - 6 6 New Hampshire 8 3 5 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 . . 20 4 North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio 48 . . 19 . . 29 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 1 9 Pennsylvania 76 5 71 Rhcde Island 10 10 Souih Carolina 18 .. 18 South Dakota 10 .. 10 Tennessee . . 24 12 10 2 DKMUC^IA 277 States and Territories Texas ................. 40 . . 40 Utah ____ .............. 8 14 6* Vermont .............. 8 Virginia .............. 24 3 94 11* Washington ........... 14 14 West Virginia ......... 16 16 Wisconsin ............. 26 6 19 Wyoming .............. 6 6 Alaska ........ ........ '6 5 . . 1 District of Columbia. ... 6 6 Hawaii ............... 6 2 3 1 Porto Eico . 6 14 44 Total 4C34 4074 1124 29 30 43 1 1 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, .1-M. THIS PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Xo candidate has received the neces- sary two-thirds vote. RESOLUTION BY MR. WILLIAMS, OF MISSISSIPPI. - Mi:. JOHN SHARP WILLIAMS, of Mississippi: Mr. Chairman, I desire to offer a resolution, and have it referred to the Committee on Resolu- tions. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The Chair will so refer it. ADJOURNMENT. MR. A. MITCHELL PALMER, of Pennsylvania: Mr. Chairman, the Con vention has now been in continuous session since one o'clock this after noon, a period of nearly ten hours. This session followed one last night of aftout the same length of time, which extended through the entire night. For many of the delegates upon this floor the great work which we have been performing here has been such a strain that the limit of physical endurance has nearly been reached. It is very evident that the' work of this Convention cannot be concluded by midnight, and it is extremely desirable that we should not engage in the work of the Con- vention upon the Sabbath day. The motion which I am about to make is net made with any desire to secure advantage for any candidate for the office of President; bill gentlemen representing all of the candidates now being balloted for an'! who have been most active in furthering their interests upon the floor 278 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE have agreed to the motion which I shall make. I therefore move that this Convention adjourn until 12 o'clock on Monday next. MR. DAVID B. FRANCIS, of Missouri : In accordance with the agree ment entered into by the representatives of the candidates for the nomi nation, for the reasons stated by the gentleman from Pennsylvania, 1 desire to second the motion. MR. THOMAS H. BALL, of Texas: I move to amend by making it 10 o 'clock, in response to the request of all the delegates about me. MR. PALMER, of Pennsylvania: I will modify the motion and make it 11 o 'clock. I ask unanimous consent to amend my motion, and make it 11 o'clock. MR. BALL, of Texas: We accept 11 o'clock. MR. GEORGE H. GIFFORD, of Indiana: Mr. Chairman, I move that at future sessions of this Convention all persons be excluded except dele- gates and alternates, representatives of the press and the officials con nected with the Convention, so that we can do business. MR. F. H. McCuLLOUGH, of Missouri: I second ihe motion. MR. PALMER, of Pennsylvania: Mr. Chairman, I make the point of order that Ihe resolution offered by the gentleman from Indiana is not in order. The motion to adjourn is not debatable, and no resolution can be received while it is pending. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman from Pennsylvania makes the point of order that the motion of the gentleman from Indiana is not in order. The Chair sustains the point of order. MR. PALMER, of Pennsylvania: My motion has been changed, and in its present form it is that the Convention adjourn until Monday next ah 11 o 'clock a. m. MR. ROGER C. SULLIVAN, of Illinois: I move the adoption of that motion. MR. W. H. MURRAY, of Oklahoma: I move to substitute "nine o 'clock ' ' for ' ' eleven o 'clock. ' ' MR. PALMER, of Pennsylvania: 1 make the point of order that my motion is not debatable. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The point of order is made by the gentleman from Pennsylvania against the substitute offered by the dele- gate from Oklahoma, and the point of order is sustained. The question is on agreeing to the motion of the gentleman from Pennsylvania that the Contention adjourn until 11 o'clock a. m. on Monday next. The motion was agreed to, and (at 11 o'clock and 55 minutes p. m.) the Convention adjourned until Monday, July 1, 1912, at 11 o'clock a. m. SIXTH DAY CONVENTION HALL, MARYLAND REGIMENT ARMORY, BALTIMORE, MD., July 1, 1912. The Convention met at 11 o'clock a. m. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : Rev. S. Carroll Coale, assistant pastor First Methodist Episcopal Church, Baltimore, will offer prayer. PRAYER OF REV. S. CARROLL COALE. Rev. S. Carroll Coale, assistant pastor First Methodist Episcopal Church, Baltimore, offered the following prayer: "Almighty and Everlasting God, our Father, we would stop for a moment in the bustle and confusion of life, that we might guide our souls and our minds, and place ourselves before Thee and in Thy hands; for we can do nothing apart from Thy power. We thank Thee for Thy love and Tli-y strength and Thy compassion, which have guided us in the days that have gone. We come to Thee relying upon Thy love and Thy power, asking that Thou wilt continue to guide us in whatever we may do. We ask that Thou wilt watch over this great assemblage gath- ered here in the interest of our nation. We honor Thee and thank Thee for Thy watchful care over our nation, and we thank Thee that Thou hast not been forgetful of those individuals who have worked for the welfare of this our nation. We pray Thee this morning, as we gather here, that Thou wilt look into the life of every man who has assembled here; and may we feel that the guiding hand of Providence, with Thy love, which surmounts all human love, is guiding us here. ' ' We pray that Thou wilt bless every one of us, and that Thou wilt bless everything that is done. Every effort that is put forth for the advancement of this nation, may it be some effort for the advancement of the Kingdom of God. Do Thou bless every man, do Thou bless every woman, and do Thou bless every leader, and everyone who is to follow. May Thy guidance so be that guidance which is ours, as that we shall be led into ways of everlasting life. We pray Thee, Oh God, that we may so live in the presence of the Eternal Christ as that His love and His compassion may be the ruling passion of our lives. Help us, we pray, so to be surrounded by His arms and encompassed by His love that we may do those things which will redound to His glory and honor. "Bless us, Oh Christ, in everything we shall undertake; and when 279 280 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE we shall have passed out of this great life on earth, may we stand at last on the shores of Eternal Life, a great assemblage of those who have been faithful, and that we shall hear Thee make that great pronounce- ment, 'Well done, good and faithful servant, enter thou into the JQJ of thy Lord.' Now, we ask Thee again, Oh God, that Thou wilt guide us in everything that is done this day in this place. "We pray that nothing may happen in this Convention to mar its glorious record ; and whatever may be done, we pray Thee, may it redound to the credit of the nation and to the glory of God. Let Thy hand be on us, let Thy words be whispered in our ears, let Thy presence so haunt us as that we shall feel that God is near ; and whatever we shall do, may it speak so loudly of the presence of God as that men shall say, 'God was present with them.- We ask it all in the name of Him who has taught us to pray: Our Father who art in Heaven, hallowed be Thy name; Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done on earth as it is in Heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil; for Thine is the Kingdom, and the Power, and the Glory, forever and ever. Amen. ' ' VOTE FOR CANDIDATE FOR PRESIDENT. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The order of business before the Convention is the calling of the roll of States, etc., for the nomination of a candidate for President. The Secretary will call the roll of States, etc., for the twenty-seventh ballot. TWENTY-SEVENTH BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. The State of New York was called, and the vote was announced. Clark 90. MR. W. H. EDSON, of New York: Mr. Chairman, I challenge the vote of the New 7 York delegation. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The vote of the State of New York is challenged. The Secretary will call the names of the New York delegates. MR. JOHN B. STANCHFIELD, of New York (when his name was called) : Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent of the Convention to explain my vote. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Mr. John B. Stanchfield, a delegate from New York, asks unanimous consent to explain his vote. Is there objection! The Chair hears none, and the gentleman is recognized. MR. STANCHFIELD, of New York: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, I come from a State whose electoral vote is indis- pensable to Democratic suci-css. If memory serves me well, upon only two occasions in the history of our country has a Democratic President DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 281 been elected without the electoral ' vote of the State of New York. We represent a population approximating 10,000,000. We cast in the neighborhood of 1,750,000 votes. We represent 45 votes in the electoral college to come, aud I am speaking here now in explanation of my vote on behalf of the Empire State representing generally as it does one-tenth of the Government of the United States. Now, a word as to the history of the Democratic party in the State of New York. For the first time since the administration of Governor Flower we have a Democratic governor. MR. EDWIN O. W T OOD, of Michigan: Mr. Chairman, I would like to ask if there is any limit on the gentleman's time? MR. STANCHFIELD, of New York: I will say to the gentleman from Michigan that New York has a right to be heard upon the floor of this Convention. [Applause.] The integrity, the manhood, the per- sonal and the political honor of every delegate of the 90 from the State of New York have been impugned and insulted upon the floor of this Convention. [Applause.] I have a right to be heard in its defense, and I desire to say at the outset, in order that I may receive a fair hearing at the hands of this Convention, and particularly I desire 1 to say to the followers of Colonel Bryan, that I am one of those who, ' back in the dark nights of 1896, followed the flag of Colonel Bryan, and spoke in city, village, and hamlet in favor of his election. [Applause.] In the year 1900 I, candidate of the party for governor, ran upon the Democratic ticket with Colonel Bryan, and he polled with me upon that ticket more votes by upwards of 100,000 than he polled before or has polled since. Therefore I repeat that among -the friends of Colonel Bryan I am entitled to a hearing upon the floor of this Convention. Let us look for a moment at the makeup of the delegation from New York. We have here the Democratic governor, and the lieutenant- governor of the State. [Applause.] We have upon the delegation the man who was the Democratic candidate for President of the United States in 1904. [Applause.] We have an ex-justice of the Supreme Court of the State. We have lawyers of repute, business men, pro- fessional men, and men in every walk and department of life; and it is by common consent the most representative delegation that ever came to a National Convention from the State of New York. They would need no defense except for what has been said upon the floor of this Convention. If this delegation, so composed, be the puppets of wax, as insinuated by the gentleman from Nebraska, we say to that money-grabbing, selfish, office-seeking, favor-hunting, publicity-loving marplot from Nebraska that if the ninety delegates from New York, who are of the character I have described are within the control and power of one man, they are moved by wires of tremendous human voltage. 282 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE Let us look for a moment and see whether or not the accusation of the gentleman from Nebraska be true. Let us look at the record for a passing minute. The Democracy have in the House of Repre- sentatives from the State of -New York twenty-two members. We have the Chairman of the Committee on Appropriations. We have the Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs; and upon the fifteen great progressive measures that have been pending this Congress, advo- cated under the leadership of Clark and Underwood, every vote of those twenty-two men has been registered in accordance with the progressive Democracy of today. [Applause.] The gentleman from Nebraska (Mr. Bryan) has said that no candi- date who has behind him the vote of the ninety men from New York can go forth from this Convention with hope or expectation of success. I desire in reply to say that the vote of New York is vital to success, and no man can go forth from this Convention stigmatized and branded with Bryanism, and come within half a million votes of carrying the State of New York. [Applause.] Mr. Bryan has said that no man having the support of the New York delegation can be elected at the polls, because they are under the influence of Eyan and Morgan and Belmont. He has stated that no man can be elected by reason of their influence. I desire to say to him, in behalf of the ninety delegates from New York, that there is no man in the number who by his professional or business relation or otherwise, is under the influence of either of the men he has named; and when he makes the statement that these men, Morgan and Eyan and Belmont, are the plutocrats of this Convention, he omits one name; and of all the .delegates upon the floor of this Convention outside of the three he has named, the richest and the most powerful is the gentle- man from Nebraska. [Applause.] If the New York delegation is to be prevented from voting for the candidate of this Convention, then there ought to be passed a resolution (depriving it of a seat in this Convention. Any man who for pay has been writing from the Eepublican Convention in favor of the election of Mr. Bryan's partner and ally, Theodore Eoosevelt, ought to be expelled from the floor of the Convention. Colonel Bryan never t intended to support the candidate of this Convention unless that ' candidate should be Bryan himself. [Applause.] We have heard for months gone by that Colonel Bryan, by his voice and influence, was supporting Woodrow Wilson in one place, that he was supporting Champ Clark in another, that he was combatting Harmon here and I Underwood there, all of the time desiring and intending, in pursuit of his own selfish ends, to produce a deadlock in this Convention, in order that he might be the recipient of the fruits of the controversy ; and the discord so engendered. When the New York delegation came to Baltimore to attend this Convention we were voting under the unit rule, and a majority of the DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 283 New York delegation registered their vote in favor of Governor Harmon, of Ohio. We supported and. maintained that nomination, so long as it appeared to the majority to be advisable. New York next cast her vote in favor of the Speaker of the House of Kepresentatives, because he was the strongest candidate before this Convention, and the delega- tion today is in favor of any and every man who can be the candidate and the nominee of this Convention. [Applause.] So far as I am personally concerned I have said what I desired in explanation of my personal vote and it is cast for Woodrow Wilson, of New Jersey._ [Applause.] THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Secretary will continue to call the roll-call of New York. The Secretary resumed and concluded the roll-call of New York. The result was as follows: NEW YOEK. DELEGATES AT LARGE 3 John A. Dix 1 James A. O 'Gorman : 1 Alton B. Parker 1 Charles F. Murphy 1 DISTRICT DELEGATES 1 August Belmont 1 Frederick Sheide . . 2 Maurice E. Connelly 1 Charles Pape Caldwell I I . 3 Theodore C. Eppig 1 Eobert Furey 1 4 Herman A. Metz 1 Lawrence F. Carroll 1 5 Thomas F. Byrnes 1 Charles J. O 'Brien 1 6 Michael E. Butler 1 Joseph W. Masters 1 7 John J. Fitzgerald 1 James Kane 1 8 Alfred E. Steers 1 Alonzo G. McLaughlin 1 9 James I. Kelly 1 George H. Timmerman 1 10 John H. McCooey 1 284 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF DISTRICT DELEGATES 5 ^ P Edward Lazansky 1 11 Abram I. Elkus 1 William F. Grell 1 12 John F. Ahearn 1 Perry Belmont 1 13 Timothy D. Sullivan 1 William G. McAdoo 1 14 William Sulzer 1 Lewis Nixon 1 15 Michael J. Drummond 1 James W. Fleming 1 16 ijawrence Godkin 1 John Fox 1 [By Henry DeWitt Hamilton, alternate] 17 Morgan J. O'Brien 1 Samuel Untermyer 1 18 William Temple Emmet . . 1 William F. Sheehan 1 19 John B. Stanchfield 1 Herman Bidder 1 20 John F. Mclntyre 1 J. Sergeant Cram 1 21 Archibald B. Watson 1 John Quinn 1 22 Henry L. Seheuermann 1 Antonio Zucca' ^ 1 23 William Sohmer 1 Charles B. Alexander 1 24 George N. Beinhardt 1 James T. Lennon 1 25 Bobert B. VanCortlandt 1 Frederick H. Waldorf 1 26 Edward E. Perkins 1 Arthur A. McLean 1 27 George M. Palmer 1 .. .. Everett Fowler 1 28 Patrick E. McCabe 1 Joseph J. Murphy 1 29 Joseph A. Kellogg .. 1 Winfield A. Huppuch 1 30 Gerardus Smith , 1 - ;v . / DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 285 DISTRICT DELEGATES ~ 'g 5 p < William A. Gardner 1 31 Thomas Spratt 1 Thomas F. Conway 1 32 Charles N. Bulger 1 G. H. P. Gould 1 33 John D. McMahon 1 Samuel A. Beardsley 1 34 William W. Farley 1 James J. Byard, Jr 1 35 Thomas Ryan 1 Thomas W. Meachem 1 36 Thomas Carmody 1 Frank Eice 1 37 Charles E. Treman 1 Daniel Sheehan 1 38 Thomas W. Finucane 1 John Pallace 1 39 John F. Donovan 1 Benedict Brooks 1 40 Robert H. Gittins 1 Norman E. Mack 1 41 Louis P. Fuhrmann 1 William F. Kasting 1 42 William H. Fitzpatrick 1 Samuel J. Eamsperger 1 43 Walter H. Edson 1 Herbert D. Sibley 1 .*. .. .-^- THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : Upon the poll of the delegation from the State of New York, Underwood receives 2 votes, Wilson 9 votes, Clark 78 votes, one not voting. New York voting under the unit rule, the 90 votes of that delegation are cast for Clark. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll of States. The State of Wisconsin was called, and the vote was announced Wilson 20, Clark 5, Bryan 1. MR. Louis BACHHUBER, of Wisconsin: Mr. Chairman, the vote of Wisconsin was reported wrong. Mr. Lawrence McGreal, a Clark delegate, left his proxy with me to vote for Mr. Clark as long as the Clark dele- gates stuck by him, and the Clark delegates of Wisconsin demand that the vote of the Clark delegates be recorded correctly. MR. E. B. KIRKLAND, of Wisconsin: Mr. Chairman, I am the last 286 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE man upon the floor of this Convention who would record the vote of any man incorrectly. Mr. McGreal, a duly elected delegate from Wisconsin, is absent. His alternate is in his place, and I have simply recorded the vote of the alternate, as the alternate has instructed me to cast tBat vote, no more and no less. If I am wrong I am willing to stand cor- rected. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Is there any dispute in the delegation as to the alternate's vote? MR. KIRKLAND, of Wisconsin: None. The alternate is in his seat, and has instructed me as chairman of the delegation to cast his vote. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The delegate from that district is not in the Convention? MR. KIRKLAND, of Wisconsin: The delegate from that district has gone home. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: If the Chair understands the question at issue, the claim is made that the delegate left a written proxy to vote for Clark. MR. KIRKLAND, of Wisconsin: I have not seen it. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair rules that no proxies can be voted. If the delegate is not here, the alternate's vote must be recorded. The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll of States, etc., the result was announced Clark 469, Wilson 406$, Underwood 112, Foss 38, Marshall 30, Harmon 29, Bryan 1, not voting 2J as follows: BALLOT No. 27. States and Territories Alabama ......... - .......... 24 . . . . 24 Arizona .................... 6 1 4 Arkansas .................. 18 . . 18 California .................. 26 . . 26 Colorado ................... 12 . . 12 Connecticut ................ 14 3 7 4 Delaware .................. 6 6 Florida .... ................ 12 .. .. 12 Georgia .................... 28 . . . . 28 Idaho ...................... 8 5i 2$ Illinois .................... 58 . . 58 Indiana ................... 30 ........ 30 Iowa ...................... 26 . . 26 Kansas ..... ............... 20 20 Kentucky .................. 26 . . 26 Louisiana .................. 20 12 7 DEMOCRATIC \ATIO\\L ('(INVENTION 287 States and Territories Maine o 6 . 12 f, Wilson. * I 1 1 - P ! jS c J3 ^2 ^ " o P K i? PH . oq fc 1 2 Maryland . 16 3* 12 Massachusetts . 36 7 "9 Michigan . 30 12 18 Minnesota , . 24 24 Mississippi . 20 20 Missouri . 36 36 Montana . 8 5 3 Nebraska 16 13 3 Nevada . 6 6 . . New Hampshire . 8 5 3 New Jersey . 28 24 4 '. New Mexico . 8 8 New York . 90 90 North Carolina . 24 17 7 North Dakota . 10 10 Ohio . 48 19 . . 29 Oklahoma . 20 10 10 Oregon . . 10 10 Pennsylvania . 76 71 5 Rhode Island . 10 10 South Carolina . 18 18 South Dakota . -. . 10 10 ' Tennessee . 24 8 134 14 . 1 Texas . 40 40 Utah . 8 64 14 Vermont 8 g Virginia . 4 94 3 Hi Washington . 14 14 West Virginia . 16 16 Wisconsin . 26 20 5 .... .1 Wyoming . 6 Alaska . 6 6 District of Columbia . 6 6 Hawaii . 6 3 2 1 Porto Rico . 6 4 1 Total 4064 469 112 29 30 38 1 24 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: No candidate having received the nee- 288 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE essary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the twenty-eighth ballot. MR. JOHN B. KNOX, of Alabama: Mr. Chairman, before another ballot is taken I ask unanimous consent to introduce a short resolution, to be referred_to the Committee on Resolutions. It is not in the interest of any ^candidate, but simply in the interest of general harmony among all the delegates of the Convention. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair refers the resolution, with- out reading or debate, to the Committee on Resolutions. TWENTY-EIGHTH BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll of States, etc. MR. JOHN D. W. VEEDER, of New Mexico (when the State of Xew Mexico was called) : Mr. Chairman, I demand a roll call of the Xew Mexico delegation. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Secretary will call the roll of the New Mexico delegation. The Secretary polled the New Mexico delegation, with the following result : NEW MEXICO. DELEGATES Clark. Wilson 1 J. E. Hartman 1 2 A. B. McCaffey 7. 3 Felix Martinez 1 4 John D. W. Veeder 1 5 John I. Hinkle 1 6 J. A. Mahoney 1 7 T. W. Medley .'. 8 Howard L. Bickley 1 5 5 3 THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The resolution adopted in the Xew Mexico State Convention reads as follows: And we further certify that the following resolution was adopted: "Be it resolved, That we hereby endorse the Hon. Champ Clark of Missouri as candidate for President of tbe United States, and we hereby instruct our delegation to the Baltimore Convention to use all their influence, and every effort in their power, to secure the nomination of Hon. Champ Clark for President on every ballot on which his name is before the Convention, or until in the opinion of the majority of such delegates his nomination can no longer be reasonably hoped for. ' ' This resolution is signed by the chairman and secretary of the con- vention. Upon the poll of the delegation, five voted for Clark and three for Wilson. The Chair holds that the instructions given by the New Mexico State Convention apply the unit rule to the vote of that DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION dele^at inn. and therefore the Chair directs that the eight votes of New .Mexico be cast for Clark. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. The State of Oklahoma was called and the vote announced, Clark 10, Wilson 10. Mi:. E. J. CiiDDixcs, of Oklahoma: Mr. Chairman, I challenge the vote of the Oklahoma delegation, and demand a poll. MR. R. L. WILLIAMS: We withdraw that, Mr. Chairman. MR. E. J. GIEDIXGS, of Oklahoma: Mr. Chairman, I deny the right of any man to withdraw my challenge. It is my individual challenge, and you cannot withdraw it. THE PERMAXEXT CHAIRMAX : The Secretary will call the roll of the Oklahoma delegation. Let each delegate as he answers to his name state whether his vote is one-half or a whole vote. The Secretary polled the Oklahoma delegation, with the following result : OKLAHOMA. DELEGATES AT LARGE Clark. Wilson. R. L. Williams ........................................ * Scott Ferris .......................................... * Fred P. Branson ....................................... \ Howard Webber ...................................... \ Henry S. Johnson ...................................... \ George W. Ballamy .................................... \ B. S. Mitchell ......................................... \ O. J. Flemming ................................ ' .......... \ E. J. Giddings ........................................ \ W. W. Hastings ................................ ......... \ W. 1 f . Murray ........................................... k T. P. Gore .............................................. A George L. Bowman ...................................... J B. D. Kite ............................................ \ ." T. H. Owen ............................................. A E. P. Hill .............................................. \ S. C. Burnette .......................................... W. A. Collier .......................................... $ W. N. Maben .......................... .............. \ Galen Crow ........................................... J DISTRICT DELEGATES 1 Roy Hoffman ..................................... 1 T. S. Chambers ....................................... 1 2 W. H. Wilcox ...................................... 1 J. J. Carney .......................................... 1 3 L. T. Sammon ^ 'o States and Territories I "3 -I ^ i & 1 North Carolina 24 . . 17$ 6$ North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio 48 . . 19 29 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 . . 10 Pennsylvania 76 4 72 Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 . . 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee 24 13$ 8 2$ Texas 40 40 Utah 8 1$ 6$ Vermont 8 8 Virginia 24 3; 9$ 11$ Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 . . . . Wisconsin 26 6 19 . . . . 1 Wyoming 6 6 Alaska 6 6 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 2 3 1 Porto Rico 6 $ 4$ 1 Total 468} 437$ 112$ 38 1 1 29 $ Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: No candidate having received the necessary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the twenty-ninth ballot. TWENTY-NINTH BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. MR. C. R. PORTER, of Iowa (when the State of Iowa was called) : Mr. Chairman, a paper was circulated among the delegation and passed to me as Chairman, stating that a majority of the delegates voted to absolve the delegates from the unit rule, some of the delegates refusing to vote. In answer to that I took a poll of the delegation with this result: Clark 14$, Wilson 11$. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The entire vote of Iowa will be cast for Clark. 292 . OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE MR. WILLIAM KENSIXGER, of Iowa: A point of order, Mr. Chairman. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman will state it. MR. KENSINGER, of Iowa: The point of order is that the Iowa delegation, by a majority vote, released the delegates from Iowa from voting as a unit. If a majority of the delegates vote for Woodrow Wilson, then the unit rule, if it applies, casts all of the votes for Woodrow Wilson, but if the Chairman has stated it correctly, then the whole vote is for Champ Clark. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : If the Iowa delegation desire a roll- call, the Chair will order it; and if a majority vote for Wilson, then the unit rule, if it applies, will result in the vote of the entire delega- tion being cast for Wilson. MR. PORTER, of Iowa: In order that the Chair may understand the situation, I Avill state that the resolution was adopted, as shown by the signature of a majority of the Iowa delegation. The resolution reads as follows MR. N. D. ELY, of Iowa : A point of order, Mr. Chairman. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The gentleman will state it. MR. ELY, of Iowa: The point of order is that nothing is in order except the vote of this delegation. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: That is correct. If the gentleman desires a poll of the delegation, the Chair will order it. No poll being demanded, the Secretary will proceed with the call of States. The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MR. B. J. SHERIDAN, of Kansas (when the State of Kansas was called) : Mr. Chairman, we want the vote of Kansas polled at this time. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Kansas delegation will be polled. MR. B. S. GAITSKELL: Mr. Chairman, we object to the poll. Two- thirds of this delegation are instructed for Wilson. That is the way we stand. There is no occasion for any poll. MR. SHERIDAN, of Kansas: Mr. Chairman, I ask that the delegation be polled. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The Chair directs that the Kansas delegation be polled. The Secretary polled the Kansas delegation, with the following result : KANSAS. y 2 DELEGATES AT LARGE g,| S A. M. Jackson ................................. 1 S. H. Martin .................................... 1 Ben S. Gaitskell ................................. 1 B. J. Sheridan.. 1 (/ DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 21)3 ex P "ft B r a i A! P" DISTRICT DELEGATES 5 S * C L W. D. Kuhn 1 J. W. Orr 1 2 J. L. Caldwell 1 G. W. Green 1 3 Frank Cumisky 1 Isaac Hinds 1 4 M. A. Limbocker 1 \V. H. Carpenter 1 5 J. H. Hostetler. 1 Mike Frey ~. 1 6 Charles M. Sawyer 1 Elmer A. Dye 1 7 D. A. Ely 1 Ed. G. Finnup 1 8 Jerry Fitzpatrick 1 Bobert H. Bradford 1 THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The resolution adopted in the Kansas State Convention reads as follows: ' ' We hereby endorse the Hon. Champ Clark, of Missouri, the Abraham Lincoln of today, as our candidate for President of the United States; and "Be it further resolved, That we hereby instruct the twenty dele- gates from Kansas, elected today to the Baltimore Convention, to vote for him as a unit until two-thirds of the delegation believe his nomina- tion to be impossible, and the delegates elected by this State Convention are further instructed that on all other matters coming before the Democratic Convention of 1912 they shall vote as a unit as a majority of the said delegates may direct. "And ~be it further resolved, That if it becomes evident that Mr. Clark cannot be nominated, our twenty delegates shall vote for Woodrow Wilson, as long as, in the judgment of two-thirds of the delegates from Kansas, he h&s a chance for the nomination." Now the vote in Kansas stood, Clark 6, Wilson 13. Under these resolutions, until two-thirds believe that Clark can not be nominated, the whole 20 votes must be cast for Clark; but when two-thirds deter- mine that in their judgment they are released from instructions for him because they believe he can not be nominated, then the whole 20 votes go to Wilson under the two-thirds rule which they have adopted here. Therefore it is the opinion of the Chair that the 20 votes of Kansas, the vote being Clark 6, Wilson 13, absent 1, should be cast Mr. Theodore A. Bell, of California, rose. 294 OFFICIAL PBOCEEDIXGS OF THE THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The Chair will hear the gentleman. MR. J. W. ORR, of Kansas: Mr. Bell has not anything to do with this delegation. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: He is a delegate to this Convention, and has a right to be heard. MR. ORR, of Kansas: Not on this matter. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: i'es, he has. The gentleman from California [Mr. Bell] is a delegate to this Convention, and is entitled to be ieard. We are all fellow Democrats. We want to treat each other fairly, and we want to do right. MB. ORR, of Kansas: Mr. Chairman, I rise to a point of order. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: What is the gentleman's point of order. MR. ORR, of Kansas: That there is no question before the house to be discussed, and nothing except the announcement of this vote. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: But before the Chair could say how the vote stood, the Chair had to rule upon these instructions. If not, the vote would have gone 13 for Wilson; 6 for Clark, and 1 absent. Do you want it that way? MR. ORR, of Kansas: No. MR. THEODORE A. BELL, of California : Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, I desire to speak MR. THOMAS H. BALL, of Texas: Mr. Chairman, in view of the action taken by the delegation from Kansas, I as a delegate from Texas object to the gentleman from California ('Mr. Bell) occupying our time. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman from California has a right to be heard upon the point of order. MR. WILLIAM HUGHES, of New Jersey: Mr. Chairman, a parlia- mentary inquiry. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman will state it. MR. HUGHES, of New Jersey: What is the pending question? THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: A point of order. MR. HUGHES, of New Jersey: Nobody has made a point of order. MR. BELL, of California : I make a point of order. MR. HUGHES, of New Jersey: What is the gentleman's point of order? MR. BELL, of California: My point of order is that the twenty votes just polled for Wilson and for Clark must under the instructions given the Kansas delegation be cast in their entirety, 20 votes for Champ Clark. That is my point of order. MR. HUGHES, of New Jersey: Mr. Chairman, I submit that the gentleman has not stated a point of order. MR. BELL, of California: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, I claim the right to be heard upon this point of order, and I intend to be heard if possible, because I believe it to be my vyy DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 295 right, as it is the right of any other delegate in this Convention to be heard upon this point of order. MR. E. J. JUSTICE, of North Carolina: Mr. Chairman, a point of order. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman from California is speaking to a point of order. MR. JUSTICE, of North Carolina: The gentleman from California has stated his point of order, and has no right to occupy our time by debating it. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The point of order of the gentleman from North Carolina is overruled. MR. BELL, of California: I intend to speak simply to the one question, as to the construction of the resolution that was adopted by the Kansas Convention. The Democratic State Convention of Kansas adopted the following resolution: "We hereby instruct the twenty delegates from Kansas, elected today to the Baltimore Convention, to vote for him (Clark) as a unit until two-thirds of the delegates believe his nomination to be impossible; and the delegates elected by this State Convention are further instructed that on all other matters coming before the Democratic Convention of 1912 they shall vote as a unit, as a majority of the said delegates may direct. ' ' They instructed that delegation to vote for Champ Clark for Presi- dent as long as there were not fourteen votes in that delegation against Champ Clark. MR. JUSTICE, of North Carolina: Mr. Chairman, may I ask the gentleman from California a question? MR. BELL, of California: I decline to yield. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman declines to yield. MR. JUSTICE, of North Carolina: Mr. Chairman, I make the point that the Kansas delegation has by a two-thirds vote already left Clark, and the Chair has ruled that they had a right to vote for Wilson. Now they cannot leave Wilson without a two-thirds vote under that resolution. MR. ORR, of Kansas: Everybody understands that fully as well as you do. MR. BELL, of California: In accordance with that resolution, when the moment arrived that fourteen men in that delegation no longer thought the nomination of Clark to be possible, they exercised their right under that resolution and voted that delegation as a unit for Governor Wilson. Now let us take up the next resolution. "And be it further resolved that if it becomes evident that Mr. Clark cannot be nominated, our twenty delegates shall vote for Woodrow Wilson, as long as, in the judgment of two-thirds of the delegates from Kansas, he has a chance for the nomination. ' ' 296 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE There have voted here thirteen men who in their judgment believe that Wilson has a chance for the nomination; but this resolution - that as long as in the judgment of two-thirds, or fourteen, his nomina- tion is possible, the same rule that you applied before should apply to Wilson. I refer again to the language of this resolution that applies to Governor Wilson: "That our twenty delegates shall vote for Woodrow Wilson as long as in the judgment of two-thirds of the delegates from Kansas he has a chance for the nomination." They must have two-thirds of those twenty delegates from Kansas. Now you have heard the poll of that delegation, and only thirteen men on that delegation have voted that in their judgment Wilson has a chance for the nomination. I make the point of order that at all times when you and I and others went to school, thirteen was not two-thirds of twenty, and it cannot be two-thirds of twenty. [Applause.] MB. A. MITCHELL PALMER, of Pennsylvania: Mr. Chairman, 1 shall occupy only a minute or two of your time, because I agree with most of you that the way to finish the business which has brought us here is not to indulge in resolutions and speech-making, but to continue the voting to the end. [Applause.] Upon this point of order I desire to say only this, that the delegates from Kansas upon this floor at the time of this call were nineteen in number, one delegate being absent. While Kansas may be entitled to twenty votes, she does not have twenty votes at this particular time. as units of her delegation, and thirteen of the nineteen men present having voted, thirteen constitutes two-thirds of the delegation from Kansas now on the floor. [Applause.] Under every precedent of the House of Kepresentatives, under whose rules we are operating, it is well settled that two thirds of the members present may pass a resolu- tion, when the rules call for two-thirds, provided always a quorum is present at the time the resolution is passed. [Applause.] And I submit, Mr. Chairman, that the point of order made by the gentleman from California (Mr. Bell) cannot be sustained. [Applause.] MR. BEN JOHNSON, of Kentucky: Mr. Chairman, it is almost impos- sible for us back here to hear what goes on upon the platform. When the resolution was read, I failed to hear whether or not the Kansas delegation were instructed, or given the liberty to break away from their instructions when two-thirds of the delegation said so, or when two-thirds of the delegation present said so. The question therefore arises as to whether it is two-thirds of the delegation, or whether it is two-thirds of the delegation which is present. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The resolution says "Two-thirds of the delegates from Kansas." MR. GAITSKELL, of Kansas: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, after the nineteenth ballot, on yesterday, the delegates 7x V* PKMOCKATIC \ATIO\AI. CONVENTION 297 from Kansas had a meeting. Iii that meeting fourteen of them decided to change the vote from Clark to Wilson. MR. CHARLES X. BVUJER, of New York: They cannot change the resolution. MR. GAITSKELL, of Kansas: The chairman of the delegation at that time agreed with Senator Martine. the manager of the Wilson forces, that from that time on a majority of the Kansas delegates should con- trol the action of the delegates in this Convention. We agreed to that amongst ourselves, and the Chairman has violated that agreement. We understand the instructions to be that after the fourteen decided to change from Clark to Wilson, it took fourteen votes to take the delega- tion from Wilson to anyone else. [Applause.] Now to go a little further, there is nothing in this resolution which says this de'egation must go hack to Mr. Clark at any time. That is the condition so far as Kansas is concerned. We do not desire to be deprived of our right to vote our sentiments in this Convention. MR. B. J. SHERIDAN, of Kansas: Mr. Chairman, there is one man absent. I hold that of the nineteen men here each man has a right to one-nineteenth of that absent vote, and that would give two-thirds of the vote to Wilson. That would give more than thirteen, and more than two-thirds of the twenty. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair is ready to rule. This Con- vention has adopted the rules of the 62d Congress for its government. The point of order is made by the gentleman from California [Mr. Bell] that the two-thirds spoken of in the resolution, which says "two- thirds of the delegates from Kansas," means two-thirds of the entire twenty, and that before they can vote the entire twenty they must have fourteen; but the gentleman is wrong, for this reason: The Constitu- tion of the United States says that in order to pass a bill over the veto of the President, two thirds must agree to pass it, the veto of the Presi- dent to the contrary notwithstanding, and that when two-thirds of one house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent to the other body. Now the words are used "two-thirds of the House" just as the words are used which apply to this delegation. The holding upon that constitutional provision has been uniformly that if two-thirds of the House to which the bill is returned witli the objections of the President shall agree to pass it, and then two-thirds of the other house agree to pass it. it becomes a law; but the holding is that it is two-thirds of those voting, and not two-thirds of those elected to Congress. [Ap- plause.] The same ruling has been uniformly made in regard to con- stitutional amendments. The law provides that a constitutional amend- ment must get two-thirds of the vote of the House. The amendment submitted for an income tax, and the amendment submitted for the elec- tion of Senators by direct vote of the people, have been passed by the te of two-thirds of those voting, and not two-thirds of those elected. 298 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE Therefore the point is overruled, and the twenty votes of Kansas are directed to be cast for Wilson. [Applause.] The Secretary, having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll of States, etc., the result was announced Clark 468*, Wilson 436, Under- wood 112, Foss 38, Harmon 29, Kern 4, not voting \ as follows: BALLOT No. 29. States and Territories > . c H g | 2 . O s >i ^ fj 8 -* o H rt S o 6 t> K W PH fc Alabama 24 .. .. 24 Arizona 6 5 1 Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 Connecticut 14 7 3 4 Delaware 6 . . 6 Florida 12 .. .. 12 Georgia 28 .. .. 28 .. .. .. .. Idaho 8 2^ 5$ Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 . . 26 . . . . 4 . . Iowa -. 26 26 Kansas 20 . . 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 7 12 1 .. Maine 12 1 9 2 Maryland 16 11 4$ j Massachusetts 36 . . 7 . . --. . . . 29 Michigan ." . . 30 18 12 . . * Minnesota 24 . . 24 Mississippi ; 20 . . . . 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 2 6 Nebraska 16 3 13 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 3 5 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 . . 17$ 6$ North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio 48 .. 19 .. 29 Oklahoma . . 20 10 10 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 299 States and Territories Oregon 10 . . 10 . . Pennsylvania 76 4 72 Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 . . 18 . . South Dakota 10 . . 10 . . Tennessee . . . , 24 134 8 24 .. Texas 40 . . 40 . . Utah .' 8 14 64 . . Vermont 8 . . Virginia 24 3 94 114 .. Washington 14 14 West Virginia ...16 16 Wisconsin 26 6 20 . . Wyoming 6 6 Alaska '6 6 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 2 3 1 .. Porto Rico 6 1 44 4 Total 4684 436 112 29 4 38 4 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545.. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: No candidate having received the nec- essary two-thirds, no nomination has been had, and the Secretary will proceed to call the roll for the thirtieth ballot. THIRTIETH BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll of States, etc. The vote of Iowa was announced, Clark 12, Wilson 14. MR. N. D. ELY, of Iowa : Mr. Chairman, I challenge the vote of Iowa and demand a poll of the delegation. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Secretary will call the roll of the delegation of Iowa. The Secretary polled the Iowa delegation. THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Henry D. Clayton, of Alabama, in the Chair) : The poll of the delegation from Iowa discloses the fact that 12 delegates have voted for Clark and 14 have voted for Wilson. MR. C. R. PORTER, of Iowa: The delegates at large have only half 300 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE a vote each, and the four delegates from the 10th district have only half a vote each. I want to be sure that the clerks have it that way. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The clerks have recorded it that wav. The result of the poll was announced as follows: IOWA. DELEGATES AT LARGE Clark. Wilson. C. K. Porter * Emmet Tinley i M. F. Healy i Frank A. O 'Connor 1 N. D. Ely . i W. W. Marsh * Parley Sheldon i N. F. Eeed i DISTRICT DELEGATES 1 Kobt. B. Louden 1 John T. Pettibone 1 2 Henry Volmer 1 W. J. McDonald 1 3 Wm. Kensinger 1 C. C. Gethman 1 4 D. D. Murphy 1 Willard Bucklin 1 5 John N. Hughes J Arthur White 1 6 D. W. Hamilton 1 S. F. McC'onnell 1 7 G. A. Huffman 1 W.J.Casey 1 8 Walter H. Dewey , 1 J. J. Doty 1 9 J. W. Morris 1 W. J. Burke 1 10 Maurice O'Connor ^ Montague Hakes I E. J. Murtagh } J. C. Arts * 11 J. F. Kerberg 1 Wm. Mulvaney 1 lli 14 The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll of States, etc., the result was announced,- Clark 455, Wilson 460, Under- wood 121}, FOBS 30, Harmon 19, Kern 2, not voting J, as follows: DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 301 BALLOT No. 30. States and Territories Alabama .............. 24 ..... 24 Arizona ............... 6 4 2 .......... Arkansas .............. 18 18 . . .......... California ............. 26 26 ............ Colorado .............. 12 12 ............ Connecticut ............ 14 7 3 4 ........ Delaware .............. 6 . . 6 .......... Florida ............... 12 . . . . 12 ........ Georgia ............... 28 . . . . 28 ........ Idaho ................. 8 24 54 .......... Illinois ............... 58 58 . . .......... Indiana ............... 30 1 28 . . 1 . . Iowa .................. 26 12 14 .......... Kansas ................ 20 . . 20 .......... Kentucky .............. 26 26 ............ Louisiana .......... ... 20 7 12 . . . . 1 Maine ................. 12 1 9 2 Maryland .............. 16 11 44 ........ Massachusetts .......... 36 .. 7 .. .. 29 Michigan ........ ! ..... 30 18 12 .......... Minnesota ............. 24 . . 24 .......... Mississippi ............ 20 .. .. 20 ........ Missouri ............. . . 36 36 ............ Montana .............. 8 2 6 .......... Nebraska .............. 16 3 13 .......... Nevada ............... 6 6 ............ New Hampshire ........ 8 3 5 .......... Xe\v Jersey ........... 28 4 24 .......... No\v Mexico ........... 8 8 .. .......... New York ............. 90 90 ....... \ North Carolina ........ _'4 .. 174 64 ........ North Dakota ......... 10 . . 10 .......... Ohio .................. 48 . . 19 10 . . . . 19 Oklahoma ............. 20 10 10 .......... Oregon ................ 10 .. 10 .......... Pennsylvania .......... 1(\ 4 72 Rhode Island .......... 10 10 ............ South Carolina ......... 18 .. IS .......... South Dakota .......... 10 . . 10 .......... Tenn. 24 i:; 1 . 8 24 302 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THB States and Territories w 40 6 8 9* Hi fc 5 Texas . 40 Utah .. 8 li Vermont .. 8 Virginia .. 24 3 Washington . 14 14 West Virginia . 16 16 Wisconsin . 26 6 Wyoming 6 6 Alaska 6 6 District of Columbia . . . 6 6 Hawaii 6 2 Porto Rico 6 li o> W 19 3 4i Total 455 460 121J 2 30 19 J Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: No candidate having received the necessary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the thirty-first ballot. THIRTY-FIRST BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll of States. MR. JOHN T. McGRAW, of West Virginia (when the State of West Virginia was called) : I ask for a poll of the West Virginia delegation. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Secretary will call the roll of the West Virginia delegation. The Secretary polled the West Virginia delegation, with the follow- ing result: WEST VIRGINIA. DELEGATES AT LARGE 3 Lawrence Tierney Stuart W. Walker 1 William A. McCorkle 1 Henry G. Davis 1 Samuel Hays 1 Joseph O 'Brien \ DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 303 DISTRICT DELEGATES -g o * 1 Andrew Edmundson 1 Jerry A. Miller 1 2 John T. McGraw 1 John J. Cornwall 1 3 Howard Ewert i A. S. Johnson .' i E. H. Morton \ W. O. Abney i [Each entitled to one-half vote.] 4 L. M. Tavenner 1 W. E. Haymond 1 5 Ashton File . . 1 George S. Wallace 1 Hi 3i 1 MR. STUART W. WALKER, of West Virginia: Mr. Chairman, I send up the instructions from the West Virginia State Convention. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The instructions from West Virginia, after stating that they are for Champ Clark for President, read as follows : "There-fore be it Eesolved, That the delegates elected by this Convention to the Democratic National Convention in Baltimore con- vening on June 25, 1912, be and they are hereby instructed to vote in said Convention for the Hon. Champ Clark for the nomination for President so long as a majority of all delegates from this State believe his nomination can be accomplished, after which time they shall vote for such candidate in said Convention as a majority of all of said delegates from this State shall determine. ' ' The State having been polled, and Clark receiving Hi, Wilson 3}, absent 1, under the unit rule applying to West Virginia the entire vote of the State is cast for Champ Clark. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed calling of the roll. MR. P. J. QUEALEY, of Wyoming (when the State of Wyoming was called) : Mr. Chairman, the State of Wyoming, acting under the instruc- tions of the State Convention, having voted under the unit rule, and under the further instruction to vote for Hon. Champ Clark for President as long as there was a chance for his nomination, and a majority of the delegates having now changed their vote, I desire to announce that the six votes of Wyoming are cast for Wilson for President. [Applause.] The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll 304 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE of States, etc., the result was announced, Clark 44(5*. Wilson 475i. Underwood 116i, Foss 30, Harmon 17, Kern 2, not voting i, as follows: BALLOT No. 31. States and Territories Alabama o 6 fc 24 a if 5 I -41 g.s 1 | C o o cs o p M fe K fc 24 Arizona 6 3 3 Arkansas lg 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 Connecticut 14 3 4 Delaware 6 6 Florida . . .. 12 12 Georgia 28 28 Idaho 8 2$ 5i Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 1 28 1 Iowa 26 11 15 Kansas . 20 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 7 12 . . . . 1 .... Maine .. 12 1 9 2 ' Maryland 16 10* 5 1 Massachusetts 36 7 . 29 Michigan 30 18 12 Minnesota 24 24 Mississippi 20 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 1 7 Nebraska 16 3 13 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 3 5 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 18 6 North Dakota 10 10 Ohio 48 19 12 . 17 Oklahoma 20 10 10 . . - Oregon 10 10 Pennsylvania 76 2 74 Rhode Island . . 10 10 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 305 :51 1 .s States ami Territories a i * I i i i 1 o a o * o South Carolina .............. 18 . . IS South Dakota ............... 10 . . 10 Tennessee .................. 24 134. 8 2$ Texas ..................... 40 . . 40 Utah ....................... 8 1$ 64. Vermont ................... 8 . . 8 Virginia ................... 24 94 10 44 Washington ................ 14 14 . . . . West Virginia .............. 16 16 Wisconsin .................. 26 6 19 . . Wyoming ................ ... 6 . . 6 Alaska ..................... 6 3 3 District of Columbia ......... 6 6 .. Hawaii ..................... 6 2 3 1 Porto Rico ................. 6 1 4$ 4 Total 4464 475* 1164 2 30 17 4 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: No candidate having received the neces- sary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the thirty-second ballot. THIRTY-SECOND BALLOT. The Secretary having called the roll of States, the result was an- nounced Clark 446A, Wilson 4774, Underwood 1194, Foss 28, Harmon 14. Kern 2, not voting 4 as follows: BALLOT No. 32. 00 "5 bo States and Territories CM O 8 1 , . re F S g o 5 "o O ts | 0] fe o K ^ \labama ... 24 24 . . \rizona ... 6 3 3 \rkansas . .. 18 18 California ...26 26 Colorado 12 12 Connecticut . . 14 7 3 4 306 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE I 1 ' if States an'l Territories a I '-5 t| ~ l J o M c x JS S O 0> o C3 ~O ^H ' i^ r~* M r^i M ^i Delaware 6 . . 6" Florida 12 . . . . 12 Georgia 28 28 Idaho 8 24. 54, Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 1 28 . . 1 Iowa 26 11 15 Kansas 20 . . 20 Kentucky ". 26 26 Louisiana 20 7 12 . . . . 1 . . Maine 12 1 9 2 Maryland 16 104 5 } Massachusetts 36 . . 9 . . . . 27 . . Michigan 30 18 12 Minnesota 24 . . 24 Mississippi .... 20 . . . . 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8. 1 7 Nebraska 16 3 13 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 3 5 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 . . 18 6 North Dakota 10 .. 10 Ohio 48 . . 19 15 . . . . 14 . . OklaJioma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 . . 10 Pennsylvania 7<> 2 74 Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 . . 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee, 24 13$ 8 24 Texas 40 . . 40 Utah 8 1J 6$ Vermont 8 . . 8 , . . . Virginia 24 !'l 10 44 listen 14 14 \\Vst Virginia 16 16 'Wiscousiu ,26 6 19 1 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 307 I 1 t I States and Territories - Wyoming ...................... 6 . . 6 Alaska ........................ 6 3 3 District of Columbia ............. 6 6 Hawaii ........................ 6 2 3 Porto Bico . . 6 1 4* Total 446* 4774. 119* 2 28 14 * Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : Xo candidate having received the nec- essary two thirds vote, the Secretary will call the roll for the thirty- third ballot. THIRTY-THIRD BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll of States, etc. The State of New Mexico was called and the result was announced, Clark 8. MR. JOHN D. W. VEEDEK, of New Mexico: Mr. Chairman, I chal- lenge the vote of New Mexico and ask for a poll. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Secretary will call the roll of New Mexico. The New Mexico delegation was polled, and the result 'was announce* 1 as follows: NEW MEXICO. DELEGATES Clark. Wilson. 1 J. E. Hartman 1 2 A. B. McCaffey 1 3 Felix Martinez 1 4 John D. W. Veeder 1 5 John I. Hinkle 1 6 J. A. Mahoney 1 7 T. W. Medley -. . 1 8 Howard L. Bickley 1 THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The instructions from New Mexico read as follows: ' ' And we do further certify that the following resolution was adopted : That we hereby endorse the Hon. Champ Clark, of Missouri, as candi- date for President of the United States, and we hereby instruct our delegation to the Baltimore Convention to use all of their influence and 308 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE every effort in their power to secure the nomination of Hon. Champ Clark for president on every ballot on which his came is before the Convention, or until, in the opinion of a majority of such delegation, his nomination can no longer be reasonably hoped for. The resolution is signed by the chairman of the State Convention and the Secretary. The delegation having been rolled, resulting in 5 for Clark and 3 for Wilson, the unit rule, in the opinion of the Chair, applies, and the 8 votes of New Mexico are directed to be recorded for Clark. [Applause.] The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll of States, etc., the result was announced, Clark 447A, Wilson 477A. Under- wood 103$, Fcss 28, Harmon 29, Kern 2. not voting *,, as follow*: BALLOT No. 33. s. States and Territories ^ . tW . C O M Q a, 3 2 $ o c v 3 fc U . ^*^ Alabama 24 . . . . 24 Arizona 6 3 3 Arkansas 18 18 . . California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 Connecticut 14 7 3 4 Delaware : 6 . . 6 Flcri.ta 12 12 Georgia 28 . . . . 28 Idaho 8 24 5i Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 1 28 . . 1 Iowa 26 11 15 Kansas 20 . . 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 7 12 . . . . 1 Maine 12 1 9 2 Maryland 16 10J 5 Massachusetts 36 . . 9 . . . . 27 Michigan 30 18 12 Minnesota 24 .. 24 -'ssippi 20 .. .. 20 M ' . 15 x ggS^ o 2* -~ c o> o <3 o H o ^ fb {4 ^ PM W <*H Alabama 24 . . . . 24 Arizona 6 3 3 Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 Connecticut 14 7 3 4 Delaware 6 . . 6 Florida 12 . . . . 12 Georgia 28 . . . . 28 Idaho 8 2$ 5$ Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 1 28 . . 1 Iowa 26 11 14 1 . . .... Kansas 20 . . 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 7 12 . . . . 1 Maine 12 . . 12 Maryland 16 10$ 5 $ Massachusetts ' 36 .. 9 .. .. 27 .. .. Michigan 30 18 12 Minnesota 24 .. 24 .. Mississippi 20 . . '. . 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 1 7 312 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE States and Territories w . 8 A . . ri Nebraska 16 3 13 . . Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 3 5 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 Noith Carolina 24 .. 18 6 .. North Dakota 10 .. 10 .. .. Ohio 48 . . 19 . . Oklahoma 20 10 10 . . Oregon 10 . . 10 . . Pennsylvania 76 2 74 Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 . . 18 . . South Dakota 10 . . 10 . . Tennessee 24 134. 8 2* . . Texas 40 . . 40 . . Utah 8 14. 64. . . Vermont 8 . . 8 . . Virginia 24 114 10 24 .. Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 Wisconsin 26 6 19 . . 1 Wyoming 6 . . 6 Alaska 6 3 3 .. .. District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 2 3 1 .. Porto Eico . 6 1 44 4 Total 4474. 4794 1014 2 28 29 4 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. EECESS. MR. ROGER C. SULLIVAN, of Illinois: Mr. Chairman, I move that we now take a recess until 8 o'clock p. m. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman from Illinois moves that the Convention take a recess until 8 o'clock p. m. The motion was agreed to, and (at 5 o'clock and 15 minutes p. m.) !:P Convention took a recess until 8 o'clock p. m. OOIOCKATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 313 EVENING SESSION. At the expiration of the recess the Convention reassembled. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : Prayer \vill be offered by Eev. Clayton H. Banck, pastor of the Third B^formed Church of Baltimore, Maryland. PBAYEK OF EEV. CLAYTON H. BANCK. Bev. Clayton H. Banck, pastor of the Third Beformed Church of Baltimore, Md., offered the following prayer: Oh Thou Who art the God of right and justice, lead us in all our doings with Thy continual favor, and further us with Thy abiding love; that in all our works, begun, continued, and ended in Thee," we may glorify Thy holy name; and finally, by Thy great mercy, attain unto a life of which we shall not be ashamed, but which shall be well pleasing in Thy sight. We ask it in Jesus Christ. Amen. VOTE FOB CANDIDATE FOE PBESIDENT. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The pending order of business is the election of a candidate for President. No candidate having received the necessary two-thirds on the last ballot, the Secretary will call the roll for the thirty-fifth ballot. THIETY-FIFTH BALLOT. The Secretary having called the roll of States, etc., the result was announced, Clark 433%, Wilson 494%, Underwood 101%, Foss 28, Har- mon 29, Kern 1, not voting %, as follows: BALLOT No. 35. tl p States and Territories rn. rm . * a e o cs S3 a fc 3 p W W Alabama 24 . . . . 24 Arizona 6 3 2 1 Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 ^ . . Connecticut 14 7*3 4 Delaware 6 . . 6 Florida 12 . . . . 12 Georgia 28 . . . . 28 Idaho 8 2^ 5 Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 1 28 Iowa 26 12 14 Kansas . . 20 20 314 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE I I States and Territories "o M 2 _ a S > } i-j 'O B 9 4 o * t? Pi ei o fc 5 pgtfW.fc Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 7 12 . . 1 Maine 12 1 11 Maryland 16 10 5 i i Massachusetts 36 .. 9 .. 27 Michigan 30 3 27 Minnesota 24 . . 24 Mississippi 20 . . . . 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 1 7 Nebraska 16 3 13 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 3 5 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 . . 18 . 6 North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio 48 .. 19 29 .. Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 . . 10 Pennsylvania 76 2 74 Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 .. 18 .* South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee 24 13$ 8 2$ Texas 40 . . 40 Utah 8 1$ 6$ Vermont 8 . . 8 Virginia 24 12 10 2 Washington 14 14 . . West Virginia 16 16 Wisconsin 26 6 20 Wyoming 6 . . 6 Alaska 6 2 4 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 2 3 1 Porto Rico 6 1 4$ $ Total 433$ 494$ 101$ 28 1 29 $ Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION SIS' THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : No candidate having received the neces- sary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the thirty-sixth ballot. THIETY-SIXTH BALLOT. The Secretary having called the roll of States, etc., the result was announced: Clark 434|, Wilson 496 J, Underwood 98$, Foss 28, Harmon 29, Kern 1, not voting , as follows: BALLOT No. 36. States and Territories . O LT O o w O O fc JD M fc Alabama ........................ 24 . . . . 24 Arizona ........................ 6 3 3 Arkansas ....................... 18 18 California .............. ......... 26 26 Colorado ........................ 12 12 Connecticut ...................... 14 7 3 4 Delaware ........................ 6 . . 6 Florida ......................... 12 .. .. 12 Georgia ......................... 28 . . . . 28 Idaho ........................... 8 2} 5i Illinois .......................... 58 58 Indiana ......................... 30 1 28 . . 1 Iowa ........................... 26 12 14 Kansas ......................... 20 . . 20 Kentucky ........................ 26 26 Louisiana ....................... 20 7 12 . . . . 1 Maine .......................... 12 1 11 Maryland ....................... 16 10 5 J .. .. Massachusetts .................... 36 . . 9 . . . . 27 Michigan ....................... 30 4 26 Minnesota ....................... 24 . . 24 Mississippi ...................... 20 .. .. 20 .. Missouri ........................ 36 36 Montana ........................ 8 1 7 Nebraska ....................... 16 3 13 . . . . : Nevada ......................... 6 6 New Hampshire ................. 8 3 5 New Jersey ..................... 28 4 24 New Mexico ..................... 8 8 New York ...................... 90 90 North Carolina ................... 24 . . 20 4 North Dakota . . 10 10 316 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE States and Territories Ohio ............................ 48 .. 19 ...... 29 Oklahoma ....................... 20 10 10 Oregon ......................... 10 . . 10 Pennsylvania ......... , .......... 76 2 74 Rhode Island .................... 10 10 South Carolina .................. 18 . . 18 South Dakota ................... 10 . . 10 Tennessee ....................... 24 13$ 8 2* Texas ........................... 40 . . 40 Utah ............................ 8 U 6i Vermont ........................ 8 . . 8 Virginia ........................ 24 12 10 2 Washington ..................... 14 14 West Virginia .................. 16 16 Wisconsin ....................... 26 6 20 . . . . '. Wyoming ........................ 6 . . 6 Alaska .......................... 6 2 4 District of Columbia ............. 6 6 Hawaii ......................... 6 2 3 1 Porto Rico ..................... 6 1 4* \ . . .. Total 434} 496i 98* 1 28 29 * Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. James A. O 'Gorman, of Xew York, in the Chair) : No candidate having received the necessary two-thirds, we will proceed to the thirty-seventh ballot. THIRTY-SEVENTH BALLOT. The Secretary called the roll of States, etc. The result was an nounced, Clark 432%, Wilson 496%, Underwood 100%, Foss 28. Har- mon 29, Kern 1, not voting %, as foDows: BALLOT No. 37. go 0> T3 ti go c States and Territories * '~ .2 States and Territories a ^ "S 1 i i I a i s o ^ a os S 1 * t> ffi P=H M t^ Arizona .. . 6 3 3 Arkansas ...18 18 California ... 26 26 Colorado . .. 12 12 Connecticut ...14 3 3 g Delaware . . . 6 6 Florida .. . 12 2 10 Georgia .'.... . . . 28 28 Idaho ... 8 2* 5i Illinois ...58 58 Indiana . . . 30 1 28 1 Towa .. . 26 12 14 Kansas .. . 20 20 Kentucky . .. 26 26 Louisiana . . . 20 7 12 1 Maine . . 12 1 11 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 321 00 -_! I $ c - States an.i Territories ,_, . a f, 9 GO ( * L OQ . . i-^ " P- QQ *-i +* C" rS JC fl $3 O QJ O Maryland 16 10 5 i i Massachusetts 36 . . 9 . . . . 27 Michigian 30 4 26 v Minnesota 24 .- . 24 Mississippi 20 . . . . 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 1 7 Nebraska 16 3 13 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 3 5 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 20 4 North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio 48 .. 19 .. 29 .. .. .. Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 . . 10 Pennsylvania 76 2 74 Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 . . 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee 24 8 8 8 Texas 40 . . 40 Utah 8 1* 6J Vermont 8 . . 8 Virginia 24 12 10. 2 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 Wisconsin 26 fi 20 Wyoming 6 . . 6 Alaska 6 2 4 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 2 3 1 Porto Rico 6 1 4 4 . Total 425 498} 106 29 2S 1 4 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, "> l">. TIIK PRESIDING OFFICER: No candidate having received the requ re _ : ~ t states and - .= * _ -z. - -i-> Territories _ > Alabama ........... 24 . . . . 24 Arizona ............ G 4 2 Arkansas ........... IS 18 California .......... 26 26 Colorado ............ 12 11 1 Connecticut ......... 14 3 3 8 Delaware ........... 6 . . 6 Florida ............ 12 . . 2 10 Georgia ............ 28 . . . . 28 Idaho .............. 8 24 54 Illinois ............. 58 58 Indiana ............ 30 1 28 ...... 1 Iowa ............... 26 10 16 Kansas ............. 20 . . 20 Kentucky ........... 26 26 Louisiana ........... 20 7 12 .. .. 1 Maine .............. 12 1 11 . . . . Maryland ........... 16 10 5 * ...... Massachusetts ....... 36 .. 9 .. .. 27 Michigan .......... 30 4 26 Minnesota .......... 24 . . 24 Mississippi ......... 20 . . . . 20 Missouri ............ 36 36 Montana ........... 8 1 7 Nebraska ........... 16 3 13 Nevada ............ 6 6 New Hampshire ..... 8 3 5 .lersey ......... 28 4 24 Nrw Mexico ........ 8 8 Xew York .......... 90 90 North Carolina ...... 24 .. 20 4 North Dakot:i . .16 10 324 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE States and . a - -9 Territories ^ ,3 .TO - C JH --> o 45 a 03 oo O p W gW Ohio 48 . . 19 . . 29 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 . . 10 Pennsylvania 76 2 74 Rhode Island 10 10 " South Carolina 18 . . 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee ..... 24 8 8 8 Texas 40 .. 40 .. .. Utah 8 li 6* Vermont 8 . . 8 Virginia 24 12 10 2 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 Wisconsin 26 5 21 Wyoming 6 . . 6 Alaska 6 2 4 District of Columbia .6 6 Hawaii 6 2 3 1 Porto Eico . 6 1 4J Total 422 501* 106 29 28 1 * Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: No candidate having received the necessary two-thirds vote, the Secretary will call the roll for the. fortieth ballot. FORTIETH BALLOT. The Secretary having called the roll of States, etc., the result was announced, Clark 423, Wilson 501*4, Underwood 106, Harmon 28, Foss 28, Kern 1, not voting %, as follows: BALLOT No. 40. States and Territories Alabama p 6 .. . 24 *j a Wilson. jo Underwo I 1 g m ^ ~ '" k ^ X \rizona ~. . . 6 4 2 Arkansas . . 18 18 DKMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 325 States and Territories California ^26 2G Colorado 12 11 1 Connecticut 14 3 3 8 Delaware 6 . . 6 Florida 12 . . 2 10 Georgia 28 . . . . 28 Idaho 8 2* 5J Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 1 28 1 Iowa ...26 11 15 .. Kansas 20 . . 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 7 12 . . . . 1 . . Maine 12 1 11 Maryland 16 10 5 i i Massachusetts 36 . . 9 . . . . 27 . . Michigan 30 4 26 Minnesota 24 . . 24 Mississippi 20 . . . . 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 1 7 Nebraska 16 3 13 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 3 5 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 . . 20 4 North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio 48 . . 20 . . 28 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 . . 10 Pennsylvania 76 2 74 Ehode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 . . 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee 24 8 8 8 Texas 40 . . 40 Utah 8 1 6i .. Vermont 8 . . 8 Virginia 24 12 10 2 326 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE States and Territories Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 Wisconsin 26 5 21 Wyoming 6 . . 6 Alaska 6 2 4 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 2 3 1 Porto Rico 6 1 \ \ Total 423 501J 106 28 28 1 \ Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : No candidate having received the neces- sary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the forty-first ballot. MR, W. T. SEIEELS, of Alabama: Mr. Chairman, I move that this Convention adjourn until 10 o'clock tomorrow morning. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman from Alabama moves that the Convention adjourn until 10 o'clock tomorrow morning. MR. A. MITCHELL PALMER, of Pennsylvania: Mr. Chairman, on that motion I demand the yeas and nays. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : And on that motion the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Palmer) demands the yeas and nays. The Secretary will call the roll. MR. SEIBELS, of Alabama: I withdraw the motion to adjourn. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The motion to adjourn is withdrawn by the gentleman from Alabama, and the Secretary will call the roll for the forty-first ballot. FORTY-FIRST BALLOT. The Secretary having called the roll of States, etc., the result was announced: Clark 424, Wilson 499$, Underwood 106, Fcss 28, Harmon 27. Kern 1, Gaynor 1, Bryan ], not voting |, as follows: BALLOT No. 41. States and Territories o Q fc 24 h a O o a i s -, cS C Bryan. o o fc 6 4 2 DEMOCRATIC XATIOXAT. CONVENTION 327 States and Territories C . o a * I * ' tf "* & 1 o J5 .c a? o ^ rt ^ U 1^ t 1 W ^H rM O PQ Arkansas 18 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 11 1 Connecticut 14 3 3 8 Delaware 6 . . 6 Florida 12 .. 2 10 Georgia 28 . . . . 28 Idaho 8 2* 5J Illinois 58 58 Indiana 30 1 28 1 . . Iowa 26 12 14 Kansas 20 . . 20 Kentucky : . . 26 26 Louisiana 20 7 12 . . . . 1 Maine 12 1 11 Maryland 1610 5 \ Massachusetts 36 . . 9 . . . . 27 Michigan 30 4 26 Minnesota 24 . . 24 Mississippi 20 . . . . 20 Missouri 36 36 . .' .. Montana 8 1. 7 .. . v Nebraska 16 3 13 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 3 5 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 . . -20 4 North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio 48 . . 20 . . 27 . . . . 1 Oklahoma 20 10 10. Oregon 10 . . TO Pennsylvania 76 2 74 Khode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 .. 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee 24 8 8 8 Texas 10 . . 40 . . . . Utah 8 U 64 Vermont 8 8 .*. 328 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE States and Territories =,_, . a f, 2 s I 1 I i i i I u P='^^a Virginia 24 12 9 2 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 Wisconsin 26 5 21 Wyoming 6 . . 6 Alaska 6 2 4 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 2 3 1 Porto Rico . 6 1 4i 4 . Total 424 499i 106 27 28 1 1 1 J Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. James Hamilton Lewis, of Illinois, in the Chair) : Iso candidate having received the necessary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the forty-second ballot. MR. WILLIAM MULVANET, of Iowa: Mr. Chairman, I move that the Convention adjourn until 10 o'clock tomorrow morning. MR. A. MITCHELL PALMER, of Pennsylvania: Mr. Chairman, on that question I demand the yeas and nays. I am against the motion to adjourn. ME. MULVAKEY, of Iowa: Mr. Chairman, I withdraw the motion. MR. J. J. FLYNT, of Georgia: Mr. Chairman, I move that the Con- vention adjourn until 11 o'clock tomorrow morning. I insist that the roll be called; I shall not withdraw the motion. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The gentleman from Georgia moves that the Convention adjourn until 11 o'clock tomorrow morning. MR. WILLIAM HUGHES, of New Jersey: On that motion I demand the yeas and nays. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The call of States is demanded, and the Secretary will call the roll. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. MR. FLYNT, of Georgia: Mr. Chairman, when my motion was made to adjourn, it was made in good faith. If delegates want to stay here all night, I will withdraw the motion, in order to save time. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The gentleman from Georgia asks unanimous consent to withdraw the motion to adjourn. Is there objec- tion! There was no objection. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: (Mr. James Hamilton Lewis, of Illinois, )EMOCI;ATIC NATIONAL ('ONYKNTION 329 in the Chair.) The motion made by the yentlrman- from Georgia has been withdrawn. The Secretary will call the roll for i he 1'orly second ballot. FORTY-SECOND BALLOT. The Secretary having called the roll of States, etc., the result was announced, Clark 430, Wilson 494, Underwood 104, Foss 28, Harmon 27, lames 1, Kern 1, Lewis 1, Oaynor ], Bryan %, not voting */{>, as follows: BALLOT No. 42. 03 rQ _ 1 a i ' ill -~ r = * I I 1 t W I fr S * X, o ^4?^^^SO^ Alaliama 24 . . .. 24 Arizona 6 4 2 Arkansas 18 18 California 20 20 .' Colorado 12 11 1 Connecticut 14 3 3 8 Delaware 6 . . Florida 12 .. 2 10 Georgia 28 . . . . 28 Idaho 8 H 5* .. 1 Illinois 58 58 . . Indiana 30 1 28 . . . . 1 . . Iowa 26 12 13 1 .. .. Kansas 20 . . 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana . . 20 7 12 1 Maine 12 1 11 .. .. Maryland 16 10 5 $ } Massachusetts . . 36 . . 9 27 Michigan 30 10 20 Minnesota 24 .. 24 Mississippi 20 . . . . 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 1 7 Nebraska 16 3 13 Nevada 6 6 N. Hampshire.. 8 3 5 New Jersey .... 28 4 24 New -Mexico ... 8 8 New York 90 90 . . . '. North Carolina.. 24 .. 20 4 North Dakota. ..10 10 330 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE States and p Territories S * j J | g ^ 8 I I I 3 5 5j2*gtS Ohio 48 . . 20 27 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 . . 10 Pennsylvania . . 76 2 74 Rhode Island... 10 10 South Carolina. 18 .. 18 South Dakota... 10 .. 10 Tennessee 24 9 9 6 Texas 40 . . 40 Utah 8 1J 6J Vermont 8 . . 8 . . . . - Virginia 24 12 9| 2 i Washington .... 14 14 West Virginia.. 16 16 Wisconsin 26 5 21 Wyoming 6 _ . . 6 Alaska 6 2 4 ' . . Dist. of Col 6 6 Hawaii 6 2 3 1 Porto Eico 6 1 4J * Total 430 494 104 1 1 1 28 A 27 1 i Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: No candidate having received the neces- sary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the forty-third ballot. ADJOUENMENT. MR. H. C. WALLACE, of Washington : Mr. Chairman, I move that this Convention adjourn until 12 o 'clock noon today. MR. WM. J. STONE, of Missouri: I rise to second that motion. MR. A. MITCHELL PALMER, of Pennsylvania, rose. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Does the gentleman from Pennsylvania rise to the question of adjournment? MR. PALMER, of Pennsylvania: I rise for the purpose of making a demand that is in order, and which the Chair will hold in order; but if I may have half a minute to make a statement MR. EMMETT O'NEAL, of Alabama: Mr. Chairman, the motion to adjourn is not debatable. MR. PALMER, of Pennsylvania: If I may have a moment to make a statement, the demand will not be objected to. ' DKMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 33.1 THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Does the gentleman from Pennsylvania ask unanimous consent to make observations upon the motion to adjourn? MR. PALMER, of Pennsylvania : Mr. Chairman, I am about to demand the yeas and nays upon that motion; but I realize that we have been working long hours, and as far ss I am concerned, if we can go on for two more ballots I will not object to the motion to adjourn. MR. WILLIAM J. STONE, of Missouri: Mr. Chairman, I rise to a point of order. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The gentleman from Missouri will state his point of order. MR. STONE, of Missouri: The motion to adjourn is pending, and is not debatable. MR. PALMER, of Pennsylvania: Then on the motion to adjourn I demand a roll-call. MR. ALBERT W. GILCHRIST, of Florida : Mr. Chairman, I demand the regular order. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Nothing is in order at this time except the roll-call which has been demanded upon the motion to adjourn until 12 o'clock noon today. The Secretary will call the roll. The Secretary having called the roll, the result was announced, geaa 791*, nays 296-}, as follows: BALLOT ON MOTION TO ADJOURN. States and Territories Alabama ........................................ 24 24 Arizona ......................................... 6 6 Arkansas ........................................ 18 18 California ....................................... 26 .26 Colorado ................................ ......... 12 ~ 12 Connecticut ................................. .... 14 14 Delaware ........................................ 6 6 Florida .......................................... 12 10 2 Georgia ......................................... 28 28 Idaho ........................................... 8 8 Illinois .......................................... 58 58 Indiana ......................................... 30 30 Iowa ............................................ 26 18$ 7 Kansas ....... - .................................. 20 . . 20 Kentucky ........................................ 26 26 Louisiana ....................................... 20 20 Maine ........................................... 12 12 Maryland ....................................... 16 16 332 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE States and Territories Massachusetts 36 36 Michigan 30 30 Minnesota 24 . . _4 Mississippi 20 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 8 Nebraska 16 16 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 3 5 New Jersey 28 4 24 New Mexico ....'. 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 - 6 18 North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio 48 48 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 10 Pennsylvania 76 . . 76 Khode Island 10 10 South Carolina -. . . 18 . . 18 South Dakota 10 10 Tennessee 24 24 Texas 40 .. 40 Utah 8 8 Vermont 8 8 Virginia 24 14 10 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 16 Wisconsin 26 . . 26 Wyoming 6 . . 6 Alaska 6 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 6 Porto Eico . 6 6 Total 7911 296^ Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. So the motion to adjourn was agreed to; ami (;it 3 2 o'clock and 40 minutes a. m., Tuesday, July 2) the 0 the decision of the Chair stand as the judgment of the Convention. 340 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE MR. ROBERT L. HENRY, of Texas: I move to lay the appeal on the table. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The question is -on the motion of the gentleman from Texas to lay on the table the appeal of the gentlemafi from Washington. MR. JOHN W. COUGHLIN, of Massachusetts: I second the motion to lay the appeal on the table. The motion was agreed to. MB. TURNER, of Washington: Mr. Chairman, I merely want to make an explanation. The Washington delegation is under the unit rule. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair knows it is. In the State of Washington the following resolution was passed. "Be it resolved ~by the Democratic Convention of the State of Washington, That our delegates to the National Convention at Baltimore are hereby instructed to vote as a unit on all matters pertaining to business coming before said Convention." The Secretary having resumed and concluded the poll of the Wash- ington delegation, the result was announced as follows: WASHINGTON. ^ o CTt- <* c DELEGATES AT LARGE M !~ " , --a 3 John Shram . . i J. W. Shorett 4 Thomas R. Homer M. M. Lyter i J. W. Black 4 H. C. Wallace 4. J. D. Fletcher 4 P. M. Troy 4. E. A. Fitzhenry 4 J. A. Zittel 4. F. C. Robertson 4. George Turner 4. John F. Green 4 D. M. Drumheller 4 D. F. Shaser * D. M. Rausch 4 DISTRICT DELEGATES Will II. Merritt 4 Jereiiii;ih Xcicrcr . . 4 M. A. LanylioriH 1 % \ .1. A. .Mmniiiy . . 4 M:.y Arkwright Hutton \ DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION DISTRICT DELEGATES M h as s Martin ,1. Maloney John D. Bird E. L. Davis i Eldridge Wheeler Frank Donohue \ F. A. Hatfield \ W. A. Bit/ . 8 3* 24 Note Each Delegate entitled to one-half vote. TUL PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The poll of the State of Washington is as follows: Clark 8; Wilson 3i; not voting 2%. The unit rule applies and the entire vote of the State of Washington is cast for Clark. The Secretary having resumed and concluded the call of the roll of States, etc., the result was announced, Clark 306, Wilson 629, Under- wood 99, Foss 27, Harmon 27, as follows: BALLOT No. 44. States and Territories ^ ' . ! I o cB c g rt fc o P FM W Alabama 24 . . . . 24 . . Arizona 6 3 3 Arkansas 18 18 California 2G 26 Colorado 12 2 10 Connecticut 14 1 5 8 Delaware 6 . . 6 Florida 12 . . 2 10 . . Georgia 28 . . . . 28 . . Idaho 8 li 6} Illinois 58 . . 58 Indiana 30 . . 30 . . . . . . . Iowa "26 8 18 Kansas 20 . . 20 Kentucky 26 26 Louisiana 20 5 15 Maine 12 1 11 . . .. .. Maryland 16 8 7 4 . . . . 342 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE S 9 States and Territories P / fe W Massachusetts ........................... 36 . . 9 . . 27 Michigan ........................... ... 30 2 28 ...... Minnesota .............................. 24 . . 24 ...... Mississippi ............................. 20 . . . . 20 . . Missouri ............................... 36 36 ........ Montana ............................... 8 1 7 ...... Nebraska ............................... 16 3 13 ...... Nevada ................................ 6 6 ........ New Hampshire ......................... 8 3 5 ...... New Jersey ........... . ................ 28 4 24 ...... New Mexico ..... .. ...................... 8 8 ........ Ne\ York .............................. 90 90 ........ North Carolina ..................... " ____ 24 . . 22 2 . . North Dakota .................... ...... 10 .. 10 ...... Ohio ................................... 48 . . 21 . . . . 27 Oklahoma .............................. 20 10 10 ...... Oregon ................................. 10 . . 10 ...... Pennsylvania ........................... 76 . . 76 ...... Rhode Island ........................... 10 10 ........ South Carolina ...... * ................... 18 . . 18 ...... South Dakota ........................... 10 . . 10 ...... Tennessee .............................. 24 9 9 6 . . Texas .................................. 40 . . 40 ...... Utah .................................. 8 . . 8 ...... Vermont ............................... 8 . . 8 ...... Virginia ................................ 24 . . 24 ...... Washington ............................ 14 14 ........ West Virginia .......................... 16 . . 16 ...... Wisconsin .............................. 26 . . 26 ...... Wyoming .............................. 6 . . 6 ...... Alaska ................................. 6 1 5 ...... District of Columbia .................... 6 6 ........ Hawaii ................................ 6 2 4 ...... Porto Rico ............................. 6 1 4J i . . Total .............. .................. 306 629 99 27 27 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: No candidate having received the necessary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the forty-fifth ballot. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 343 FOKTY-FIFTH BALLOT. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll of States, etc. MR. JOHN D. W. VEEDER (when the State of New Mexico was called) : Mr. Chairman, I demand a roll-call of the New Mexico delegation. The Secretary called the roll of the New Mexico delegation. When the name of J. H. Hand was called as alternate for Felix Martinez MR. VEEDER, of New Mexico: Mr. Chairman, I challenge the vote cast by Mr. Hand, because he is not a member of this delegation. Mr. Martinez is not here, and Mr. Hand has no proxy from him. MR. J. D. HAND, of New Mexico : I am a duly elected alternate from New Mexico. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Secretary informs the Chair that J. D. Hand is a duly elected alternate. MR. J. D. HAND, of New Mexico: Yes, sir. MR. VEEDER, of New Mexico: Mr. Hand is my alternate, but I am here as the principal. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : Mr. J. D. Hand is entitled to vote in the first vacancy caused by the absence of any delegate, acting as alternate for that delegate. The Secretary resumed and concluded the roll-call of the New Mexico delegation, with the following result : NEW MEXICO. DELEGATES Clark. Wilson. 1 J. E. Hartman 1 2 A. B. McCaffey 1 3 Felix Martinez (by J. D. Hand, alternate) 1 4 John D. W. Veeder 1 5 John I. Hinkle 1 6 J. A. Mahoney 1 7 T. W. Medley 1 8 Howard L. Bickley 1 THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The following resolution was adopted in the State of New Mexico: ' ' That we hereby endorse the Hon. Champ Clark, of Missouri, as candidate for President of the United States, and we hereby instruct our delegates to the Baltimore Convention to use all of their influence and every effort in their power to secure the nomination of Hon. Champ Clark for President on every ballot on which his name is before the Convention, or until, in the opinion of a majority of such delegation, his nomination can no longer be reasonably hoped for. ' ' The poll of- the delegation shows, Wilson 4, Clark 4. Therefore, a majority not voting that his nomination can no longer be reasonably hoped for, the entire vote of the State is cast for Champ Clark. 344 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll of States, etc., the result was announced: Clark 306, Wilson 633, Underwood 97, FOBS 27, Harmon 25, as follows: BALLOT No. 45. States and Territories /* - % c 15 Maine 12 1 11 Maryland 16 84 7 i Massachusetts 36 . . 9 Michigan 30 - 2 28 Minnesota 24 . . 24 Mississippi 20 . . . . 20 Missouri 36 36 Montana 8 1 7 Nebraska 16 3 13 Nevada 6 6 New Hampshire 8 3 5 New Jersey . % 28 4 24 New Mexico 8 8 New York 90 90 North Carolina 24 . . 22 L> North Dakota 10 . . 10 Ohio 48 . . 23 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 .. 10 Pennsylvania 76 76 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 345 States and Territories c M S-, r& O C Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 . . 18 South Dakota 10 . . 10 Tennessee 24 8 10 6 Texas 40 . . 40 Utah 8 . . 8 Vermont 8 . . 8 Virginia 24 . . 24 Washington 14 14 West Virginia 16 . . 16 Wisconsin 26 . . 26 Wyoming 6 . . 6 Alaska 6 . . 6 District of Columbia 6 6 Hawaii 6 2 4 Porto Rico . 6 1 4* i Total 306 633 97 27 25 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: No candidate having received the necessary two-thirds, the Secretary will call the roll for the forty-sixth ballot. FORTY-SIXTH BALLOT. The Secretary called the State of Alabama, and the vote of that State was announced, Underwood 24. MB. JOHN H. BANKHEAD, of Alabama: Mr. Chairman, I ask unani- mous consent to vacate the order for the roll-call which has just been begun, in order that I may make a statement. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Gentlemen of the Convention, Senator Bankhead, of Alabama, asks unanimous consent to vacate the order for the roll-call which has just begun, in order that he may make a state- ment. Is there objection f There was no objection. MR. JOHN H. BANKHEAD. of Alabama: Mr. Chairman and gentle- men of the Convention, Mr. Underwood entered this contest hoping that he might secure the nomination at the hands of this Convention; but I desire to say for him that his first and greatest hope was that through this movement he might be able to eliminate and eradicate for all time any remaining vestige of sectional feeling in this country. [Applause.] 346 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE Mr. Underwood will today willingly, gladly forego this nomination if he can feel that he has succeeded in doing this, and that the country has concluded that Mason & Dixon's line has been stamped out, and this is once move a united country. [Applause.] We have demonstrated here, my friends,*in my judgment, that sectional feeling no longer exists. The liberal support that Mr. Underwood has received from the East satisfies us that if an opportunity were offered to that section to nominate this splendid man, it would be ready, and would hasten to his aid. [Applause.] Mr. Underwood did not enter this contest to defeat any man's nom- ination. He will not be a party to the defeat of any candidate before this Convention. [Applause.] His belief is that under his leadership in the House of Representatives those things have been achieved which will secure the election of a Democrat in the next November election. [Applause.] He has always said, ' ' I shall take no personal part in this campaign. I have not the time. I have a full man's work marked out for me in Washington, and my first duty is to make it possible to elect a Democrat, whoever the nominee may be." [Applause.] Upon that high ground he stands today. Upon that high ground he will stand tomorrow and on all other days. He has no concern, my friends, about his own nomination or election, beyond that which naturally comes to every man who feels that he is thoroughly equipped and qualified for that high office. But I think the time has come when it is demonstrated that he cannot be nominated in this Convention; and he shall not be used to defeat the nomination of any other candidate. [Applause.] He and his friends everywhere stand ready to give the nominee of this Conven- tion their hearty support. He has stood upon every platform that has been written since 1896. He will stand upon any platform that this Convention may write. Knowing him as I do I will not undertake to say that all of its planks and I do not know what they are will entirely meet his judgment; but he is a Democrat, and stands for the success of his party. [Applause.] A DELEGATE: Nominate him for Vice-President. MR. BANKHEAD, of Alabama: Vice-President, no! No friend of the Democratic party ought to suggest taking that man from his present post [applause], if he is not to be elevated to the highest office in the land. Vice-President ! Anybody can sit in the vice-presidential chair. He is only a kind of an ornament. Even I, humble as I am, could sit in that chair and say, "The Senator from New York moves to adjourn." This great man, the Democracy's best asset, this great Democrat who has made it possible for our party to win in the next contest, will stay where he is and perform the duties that he has been performing, without complaint. [Applause.] To take that man from the field of usefulness and construction that he now occupies would be a crime, unless he could be promoted to the presidential chair, the only promotion that you could DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COXVKMIOX 347 give him. I hope no gentleman here will suggest his name for Vice- President. He has repeatedly said no, and ho is a man who stands by his word. Now my friends, one more word and I will conclude. Mr. Underwood directs me. as the humble instrument by which his campaign has been conducted, to withdraw his name from before this Convention. [Applause.] He directs me further to thank most sincerely those devoted friends who have stood by him so loyally through the tedious hours of this Convention. They can never be blotted from his memory. He further directs me to say to the members of this Conven- tion that no feeling of resentment or animosity exists in his heart toward any member of the Convention. [Applause.] I withdraw his name from before the Convention, and he authorizes me to release every delegate that was elected for and instructed to vote for him, which they have so loyally done as long as his name was before the Convention. His friends are at liberty to vote for whom they please. [Applause.] MR. WILLIAM J. STOXE. of Missouri: Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to make a brief statement. THE PEEMAXEXT CHAIRMAX: Senator Stone of Missouri asks unanimous consent to make a brief statement. Is there objection* There was no objection. MR. WILLIAM J. STOXE. of Missouri: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, following the statement of Senator Bankhead, I desire to say that, speaking for Mr. Clark, I will release, if release be necessary, any obligation to him imposed upon any delegate in this Convention. [Applause.] The delegations which have stood by him so loyally will ever be remembered by him as his friends, with devoted affection. I would not have a delegation here stand under a sense of obligation to him for another ballot. I would have them act as they now think best. So far as the Missouri delegation is concerned, under the peculiar circumstances that have surrounded this Convention and its proceed- ings, we shall vote for Speaker Clark until the last ballot is cast. [Applause.] If the verdict shall be against him and in favor of another, I need not go to the trouble of pledging this Convention and the American Democracy that old Champ Clark and his friends will stand by the ticket. [Applause.] MR. JOHN F. FITZGERALD, of Massachusetts, rose. THE PERMAXEXT CHAIRMAX: Mayor Fitzgerald of Boston asks unanimous consent to make a statement. Is there objection? There was no objection. Mi;. .Unix F. FITZGERALD, of Massachusetts: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, a majority of the Massachusetts delegation have voted, on the last doxen or more ballots, for Eugene Noble Foss, the Governor of our illustrious commonwealth. In the contest which was waged in Massa- 348 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE chusetts some months ago he was not a candidate before the people, preferring that the other candidates from the different parts of the country should submit their names to the people, and let the delegation from Massachusetts vote upon them. The Massachusetts delegation voted on twenty-one ballots for Speaker Clark, and then the friends of Governor Foss, feeling that Mr. Clark could not be nominated, put Governor Foss into the race. His own idea was that he should not oppose the will of the great majority of this Convention, and that his candidacy is not to be permitted after it is evident that someone else is the choice of the great majority of the Convention. Therefore in behalf of the Massachusetts delegation I withdraw the name the golden soil of California I shall take up the fight for Woodrow Wilson in that Empire State of the West. But before I announce the vote of my delegation on this last roll-call. I serve notice now that if given the opportunity after the vote of my State is recorded I shall DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 351 personally move to make the nomination of Woodrow Wilson unanimous in this Convention. [Applause.] My State for forty-three successive roll-calls has cast its 26 votes for Champ Clark, and we unanimously determined among ourselves that so long as an opportunity was left so to register our votes, in what we believed to be the just and honorable vindication of the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the head of the Democratic party of this nation, we would do so, and the California delegation have instructed me now to cast their vote for him ; and I want our reason to be placed on record. I know the entire California delegation will join me later in making Mr. Wilson the unanimous choice of this Convention. California now, upon the last roll-call, as her heartfelt testimonial to the man whom she believes has done so much for the Democracy, casts 24 votes for Champ Clark and 2 for Wilson. [Applause.] The Secretary having resumed and concluded the calling of the roll of States, etc., the result was announced, Wilson, 990, Clark, 8'4, Harmon, 12, not voting 2, as follows: BALLOT No. 46. States and Territories fc 5 W fc Alabama ................................. 24 . . 24 Arizona .................................. 6 . . 6 Arkansas ................................. 18 . . 18 California ................................ 26 24 2 Colorado ................................. 12 . . 12 Connecticut ............................... 14 . . 14 Delaware ................................. 6 . . 6 Florida .................................. 12 5 7 Georgia .................................. 28 ... 28 Idaho .................................... 8 . . 8 Illinois ................................... 58 . . 58 Indiana ...................... ............ 30 . . 30 Iowa ............................ s ........ 26 . . 26 Kansas .................................. 20 . . 20 Kentucky ................................. 26 . . 26 Louisiana ................................ 20 2 18 Maine ................................... 12 . . 12 Maryland ................................ 16 . . 16 Massachusetts ............................. 36 . . 36 Michigan . . r ............................. 30 . . 30 Minnesota . .................... 24 . . 24 352 OFFICIAL Pnon-:i-:i>iN<;s OF THE States and Territories o 2; o Mississippi ............................... 20 . . 20 Missouri ................................. 36 36 Montana ................................. 8 . . 8 Nebraska ................................ 16 . . 16 Nevada .................................. 6 6 New Hampshire ........................... 8 . . 8 New Jersey .............................. 28 4 24 New Mexico .............................. 8 . . 8 New York ....................... . ........ 90 . . 90 North Carolina ............................ 24 . . 24 North Dakota ............................ 10 . . 10 Ohio ..................................... 48 1 33 12 Oklahoma ................................ 20 . . 20 Oregon ................................... 10 . . 10 Pennsylvania ............................. 76 . . 76 Rhode Island ............................. 10 . . 10 South Carolina ............... ' ............. 18 . . 18 South Dakota .......... .................... 10 .. 10 Tennessee ....... . ........................ 24 . . 24 Texas .................................... 40 . . 40 Utah ................... ............. . ____ 8 .. 8 Vermont ... ........................... ^. . . 8 . . 8 Virginia .......... ....................... 24 . . 24 Washington .............................. 14 . . 14 West Virginia ............................ 16 . . 16 Wisconsin ................................ 26 . . 26 Wyoming ................................ 6 . . 6 Alaska ................................... 6 . . 6 District of Columbia . ..................... 6 6 Hawaii .................................. 6 . . Porto Rico ............................... 6 . . Total .......................... . ........ 84 990 12 2 Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Before declaring the nomination, the Chair recognizes Senator Stone, of Missouri. MR. WILLIAM J. STONE, of Missouri: Mr. Chairman, I move to make the nomination of Woodrow Wilson unanimous. [Applause.] THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The question is on ags^eing to the DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 353 motion of Senator Stone, of Missouri, to make the nomination of Wood- row Wilson by acclamation. The motion was unanimously agreed to: THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The "ayes" have it unanimously, and I declare Woodrow Wilson of New Jersey the nominee of this Convention for the office of President of the United States. [Applause.] RECESS. MR. A. MITCHELL PALMER, of Pennsylvania: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, while we still have much to do before the work of the Convention is finally completed, I believe that we will make speed if we now rest from our labors for a little while. There are committees to report that still have some work to do. There are many formal resolutions which must be prepared in time for the last session. Committees must be selected, and with all of that, the work of this Convention can easily be concluded during a short session tonight, espe- cially if time is now given to those committees to prepare for their work. Mr. Chairman, I move that the Convention take a recess until 9 o 'clock tonight. The motion was agreed to, and (at 3 o'clock and 40 minutes p. m.) the Convention took a recess until 9 o'clock p. m. EVENING SESSION. At the expiration of the recess the Convention reassembled. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Rev. Carlton D. Harris, pastor of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, of Baltimore, Md., will offer prayer. PRAYER OF REV. CARLTON D. HARRIS. K'F.V. CARLTON D. HARRIS, pastor of the Methodist Episcppal Church South, of Baltimore, Md., offered the following prayer: O Lord God, our fathers' God, Author of life and being, Source of all blessings for every good and every perfect gift is from above and cometh down from the Father of Lights, in Whom there is no variableness or shadow of turning we bless Thee for our great Nation and her vic- tories of peace, which are not less renowed than those of war. We thank Thee for her commercial advancement, her industrial progress, her tri- umph in art and science, her marked growth in those things that look toward individual and civic righteousness, her tremendous influence in shaping the destinies of men and Nations throughout the earth. In the midst of these unparalleled blessings we feel that we can truthfully say, in the language of inspiration, that Thou hast not dealt so with any other nation; and we pray Thee to keep us humble, and help us to remember, lest we forget, the source of our power and glory as a Nation. Help us to treasure the Bible as a lamp unto our feet and a light unto our path, and may we, in all of our governmental affairs, OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE keep in mind the great principles that ' ' righteousness exalteth a nation, but sin is a reproach to any people. ' ' We pray Thee to command Thy blessing to rest upon Thy servant who this day has been nominated by this great Convention for, the highest position within the gift of the American Republic. Give grace and wisdom unto Thy servants who are here assembled for the selection of a candidate for the Vice-Presidency of these United States. We pray Thee to bless this Presiding Officer and this entire Convention, whose arduous labors are now drawing near a close. May peace, harmony, and brotherly love prevail. Bless not only our Nation, but all Nations of the earth, and at last bring us to Thyself in heaven. We ask it in Jesus ' name. Amen. NOMINATION OF CANDIDATE FOR VICE-PRESIDENT. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The next thing in order is the roll- call of the' States for the nomination of the next Vice-President of the United States. [Applause.] The Secretary will call the roll. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. MR. EMMET O'NEAL, of Alabama (when the State of Alabama was called) : Alabama has no nomination to make. The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MR. ALFRED RAUGHLEY, of Delaware (when the State of Delaware was called) : Delaware yields to North Dakota. The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MR. JAMES H. HAWLEY, of Idaho (when the State of Idaho was called) : Idaho yields to North Dakota. The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MR. H. H. DEAN, of Georgia (when the State of Georgia was called) rose. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The Chair recognizes Mr. H. H. Dean, of Georgia, to make a nomination. NOMINATING SPEECH OF H. H. DEAN. MR. DEAN, of Georgia (when the State of Georgia was called) : Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Conventio'n, coming from Georgia, the empire State of the South, .that great State which has gone Demo- cratic in every election since the War, and coming from that section to which you must look to roll up your big majorities for Woodrow Wilson next November, I think I present the necessary credentials to authorize me to speak. [Applause.] I have the honor to be the Chairman of the Committee on Perma- nent Organization, and when we first met in that room over there, every- thing was in confusion as to who was the best man to act as permanent chairman, to bring about ultimate harmony in this Convention. After several hours deliberation we agreed unanimously upon Representative DKMOCIIA i ic XATIOXAI. COXYKXTIOX :J.V> Ollie M. .lames, -.if Kentucky. ;is the man to preside over the delibera- tions of this Convention. [Applause.] And he has made a superb presiding officer. [Appraise.] I reported his name to this body, and it was adopted unanimously. Now, on the evening of the seventh day of this Convention, after all the turmoil and strife, after a manly battle, after \ve have selected for the highest office in this world, that of President of the United States, Woodrow Wilson, the question now confronts us, whom shall we select as his right bower and running mate? There comes a time when a great people have a right to draft a great man. The greatest body of the greatest people on earth are going to select the grandest old man in the United States for Vice-Presi- dent. "We of the South went through the war when we were called upon for battle. We did not have the money to hire somebody to go in our places, and we did not have anybody to hire. They just drafted us, and when a man Mas drafted he went into the fight to die, when he went up against the great guns of the North. I do not know whether we killed anybody up there or not, but from the pension roll we are paying now I think we crippled a good many. Now is the time to name a man who does not want the office. He may say he will refuse it, but that does not make one particle of differ- ence to us. We want a man who will bring victory in November, and harnu.nizc the entire Democratic party, so that, different from the way the Republicans left their Convention, we can go before the country united. [Applause.] I move that we unanimously nominate the man who is nearest the hearts of the great American people today, that grand old man and veteran in the ranks of Democracy, Hon. Champ Clark, of Missouri. | Applause.] MR. ALEXANDER M. DOCKERY. of Missouri, rose. THE PKRMAXKXT CHAIRMAN: I now present ex-Governor Dockery, of Missouri. [Applause.] .Mi:. IVn KKI;Y. of Missouri: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the ('(.mention, I appreciate to the full extent the compliment sought to be paid by this great representative bod} 7 of Democrats to the most illustrious Democrat Missouri now has in public life, but I feel it to lie due to him and to you to say after full and careful consideration of this suggestion which was voiced by "the gentleman from Georgia (Mr. Dean), after more than an hour's consultation with several dele- gaies from Missouri. Hon. Champ Clark has decided that he cannot accept the oihVe of Vice-President [Applause.] I am proud to s;\y to the members- of this Convention that tonight Cham]! Clark i> as loyal to the Democratic party, and is as loyal to its nominee for President, Woodrow Wilson, as any member of this Con- vention. [Applause.] During our conference he penned a congratula- tory telegram to the next President of the United States, assuring him 356 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE of his loyalty, and his purpose to do all that he can to elect him in November. [Applause.] Champ Clark has not reached his conclusion to decline the Vice- Presidency as a result of pique or any selfish motive. He simply prefers the position he now holds, or a position as a representative in Congress, a private in the ranks, rather than to be Vice-President of the United States. [Applause.] I have thought it due the Convention to state his deliberate judgment, so that no mistake might be made; but I want the members of this body to understand again that Champ Clark occupies tonight the same position in respect to the nominee of this Convention for President that every member of the Missouri delegation does. We are for Wilson first, last and all the time, and old Missouri will give the nominees of this Convention a sweeping majority in November. [Applause.] Gentlemen, I thank you for your attention. In the absence of Senator Stone, the chairman of our delegation, I have thought it proper to make this announcement at the present time. [Applause.] MR. ALFRED EAUGHLEY, of Delaware : Mr. Chairman, when Delaware was called she yielded to North Dakota. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The Chair did not hear the announce ment, and will now recognize North Dakota. Delaware and Idaho having yielded to North Dakota, Senator Pur- cell will present the name of North Dakota 's candidate before the Con- vention. [Applause.] NOMINATING SPEECH OP W. E. PUBCELL. MR. W. E. PURCELL, of North Dakota: Mr. Chairman and fellow delegates, the State of North Dakota was one of the first States in the Union to pass a primary election law and a law for a preferential presidential primary. It was also the first State in the Union to hold an election under that law, at which election it gave to the citizens of that State the opportunity to express directly their preference for their candidate in this Convention. At the same time they directly selected their delegates to this Convention. The delegates from that State to this Convention are sworn to perform their duties to the best of their ability, and to support the Constitution of the United States, and they receive compensation while performing those duties. They are also bound to support the person selected by their party in that State as their preference for the candi- date of this Convention. You heard read a letter from the man who was selected by the Democrats of North Dakota to be their candidate before this Conven- tion. In that letter he asked our delegation not to present his name as a presidential candidate, feeling that the men already presented had such national reputation that the Democracy would feel bound to insure DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONYKNTION 357 success at the November election by selecting a candidate who is perhaps nearer the yreat body of the Democratic voters of this nation. For that reason he desired that the expressed wishes of his constituents should not be carried out, and so he wrote requesting our delegation not to present his name to this convention for President, and left the delegation free to act as they saw fit. K\l>ressing the wishes of the people of the great Northwest, and in accordance with our own desires, we present to this Convention for nomi- nation as its vice-presidential candidate the name of John Burke, Gov- ernor of North Dakota. [Applause.] The State of North Dakota is located in what has heretofore been described as the progressive zone. Its people are all agriculturists. Success to them conies slowly, and only as the result of hard and arduous labor. They are the people who put upon the tables of the citizens of this country those things which sustain life. The nefarious tariff laws passed by our Eepublican friends have for the past sixteen years borne most heavily upon this class of people. Those laws have sapped the substance of the people, and have further bent their already over- burdened backs, and would have almost confiscated their hard-earned holdings were it not for the fertility of the soil and the bounty of Providence in sending us good crops. I am glad to say that of all the men in the Northwest who have made progressive records, no one excels the record made by John Burke. | Applause.] In 1904 the Eepublican majority in the State of North Dakota was larger, in proportion to the population, than in any other State in this Union. In 1906 the Bepublican party in North Dakota had one of the greatest machines that existed in the nation. It was closely allied with the railroads, with combinations of predatory wealth, and with other great "interests." It had unlimited money. It had all the newspapers in the State, some 312 in number, and back of all these it had control of the great Federal patronage belonging to that State. John Burke \\as nominated by the Democratic party in the face of all these great odds; and without the aid of any factor such as I have mentioned, he succeeded in overcoming the Bepublican majority and planting the flag of Democracy at tlio capitol of the State of North Dakota. [Applause.] His administration of that office being satisfactory to the people, he was again elected Governor of the State of North Dakota in 1908; and hav- ing given evidence of the results of experience, again in 1910 he was elected for the third time Governor of the State of North Dakota. [Applause.] Since he has been Governor he has secured the passage of the anti- pass law, the primary election law, the presidential preferential primary law, the law regulating railroad taxation, the initiative and referendum, and many other laws, all of which have been progressive in their nature. [Applause.] 358 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE Our Ecpublican friends have been unable to find one single blot or blemish upon his character or reputation. He is fifty-two years of age. married, with a family of three- children, is a lawyer by profession, born in the State of Iowa, and a graduate from the law department of 'the University of that State. He stands in the front rank of the lawyers of the State of North Dakota. His friends in our sister State of Min- nesota on the east know him well. His words of wisdom have lent aid and comfort 'to them in their struggle, and he is to our State what the lamented J. A. Johnson was to the State of Minnesota. Our twin sister on the south has also been able, by following his example, to make herself formidable against our Eepublican enemies, and our sister on the west has taken courage and comfort from the force of his example. These four States today are asking this Convention to give them John Burke as running mate for the honorable gentleman whom we have mentioned aswthe head of our ticket. [Applause.] Fellow Democrats, I am glad to say that progressivism is not con- fined in our State to the Democratic party. The Eepublican party of that State is also progressive. That is shown by the fact that out of 52,000 Eepublican votes cast in the last primary election, Mr. Taft received only 1,100 votes. At the same time they refused to give- the delegation of that State to him who coveted wliat Washington, Jeffer- son and Jackson refused, and who wished to attain what the great soldier Grant could not obtain a third term as President of the United States. So progressivism is growing fast in the Northwest, and we ask you to give us a man who has shown by his actions to be in sympathy with the farming element of the country, with the man in the factory, with the man in the mill, and with all tho?e who heretofore have been clamor ing in the Bepublican party for better things too long delayed, and who stand ready now, when the proper man is presented, to leave their own party and go to that party which stands for the things they have demanded and been refused in the Eepublican party. Such a man, I assure you, is John Burke, the present Governor of North Dakota. [Applause.] MR. JAMES II. HAWLEY, of Idaho: Mr. Ghairman, Idaho seconds the nomination of Hon. John Burke. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll, MK. SAMUEL ALSCHULER, of Illinois (when the Slate of Illinois w:t- called) rose. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Mr. Samuel Alschuler of Illinois will address the Convention. NOMINATING SPEECH OF SAMUEL ALSCHULKR. MK. ALSCHULER, of Illinois: Mr. Chairman and fellow I..MOCKATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 359 might be nominated by this Convention for the Presidency of the United States. The State of Illinois, third in the galaxy of States, has been content, in the proceedings of this great historic convention, to confine its activity to declaring, ballot after ballot, in favor of that grand son of Missouri whom Illinois chose by so tremendous a majority in the preferential presidential primary. [Applause.] This great convention has seen fit to voice tLe sentiment of the democracy of the entire Union, greater than the democracy of any one State, in favor of another, and Illinois, though yesterday fondly hopeful for the success of the favorite son of her sister State, now joins with Missouri and the democracy of this entire united country in saying we are all ready to march shoulder to shoulder under the leadership of the grand standard bearer who has been selected by this Convention. [Applause.] A great authority lias declared that a baseball team is as strong as its weakest substitute. So in this great national game of polities, which is to be fought out next November, the ticket is as strong as the man who is nominated to be, in certain contingencies, the President of the United States. The State of Illinois has been content to vote in these proceedings, and not take up the time with talk, and it is now going further to favor this Convention by presenting to you for your consideration a candidate for Yice-President. Illinois is the only State which in nearly twenty-five years has given to the democracy an actual Yice-President, that grand old man who lives in Illinois, for whom I know the hearts of this great Democratic convention go out tonight, wishing him long life and prosperity that grand old Democrat, Adlai Stevenson. [Applause.] What Illinois lias once so signally and splendidly done for the Democracy and for the nation, it stands willing and ready to do again in presenting to you the name of a man, honored and respected through- out that great State of Illinois, a man who has been weighed often and never found wanting, a man who has frequently been entrusted with public position, who in public and private life is without reproach, a man whose very name is one to conjure with throughout that great State, and in the States surrounding. His name would have gone forth to all parts of this great land, but there has not been much opportunity of late years for Democrats in Illinois to become famous. We have half a million of them there, and with the splendid nomination that has been made, and with a fitting man named for Vice-President, that half million will be swelled and added to until I am sure we can all but promise you the electoral vote of that great State. [Applause.] The delegation from Illinois instructs me; it is my great honor and my rare pleasure, it is by the desire of those half million Democrats in the State of Illinois that I name to you for your consideration as candi- date for the high office of Vice-President, a man who will be a tower of strength in the State of Illinois; a lawyer, a business man, a man 360 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE who was born and has always lived in the State of Illinois, a man who sits with us as a delegate at large from that State, and has helped to make this splendid nomination for the Presidency Elmore W. Hurst, of Illinois. [Applause.] MR. LUKE LEA, of Tennessee : Mr. Chairman, I move that the nominating speeches for candidates for Vice-President be limited to five minutes, and the seconding speeches to three minutes. THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. William Hughes, of New Jersey, in the chair) : The question is on agreeing to the motion of the Senator from Tennessee. The motion was agreed to. The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MR. BENJAMIN F. SHIVELY (when the State of Indiana was called) : Mr. Chairman, Major G. F. Menzies, of Indiana, will present to the Convention the name of its candidate for Vice-President. [Applause.] NOMINATING SPEECH OF G. F. MENZIES. MR. G. F. MENZIES, of Indiana: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, at the request and on behalf of the delegation from the State of Indiana I have the honor to present for your consideration as a candidate for the office of Vice-President, Governor Thomas R. Marshall. [Applause.] His eminent fitness and qualifications for the first place on the ticket were so ably presented by Senator Shively that I can add nothing to that presentation. Governor Marshall, of Virginia ancestry, took his political faith in his mother's milk. Without deviation or shadow of turning he has f ollpwed the footsteps of Thomas A. Hendricks, Joseph E. McDonald and Daniel W. Voorhees, and last but not least, David Turpie. Governor Marshall belongs to the State of an unconquered and unconquerable democracy; and I appeal to the memories of the delegates to this Convention, and especially of the gentlemen from the Southland, to go back to the dark days of 1870, when there was gloom in those down- trodden States, when vampires and camp followers of the Union army overran all your local governments, and an army more terrible than the other army with banners came upon your fair land and scourged it. In those days, where did you get the first gleam of hope? Where was the wall of radicalism first breached? In the State of Indiana. The first State of the North carried by the Democracy after the War was Indiana, and it turned the tide of radicalism and helped you to resume the white man's civilization of the South. [Applause.] In his young manhood, Thomas R. Marshall, of Old Virginia ancestry, joined in the ranks and followed Hendricks, McDonald, Voorhees and Turpie. Indiana makes no demand upon this Convention. We merely respect- fully submit our claims to your consideration. We will carry the ticket XATIOXAL COXYKNTION 361 no matter whom you nominate. [Applause.] You can safely count upon the electoral vote of Indiana. But Governor Marshall's name upon the ticket will add great stien^th to it in Indiana aud throughout this nation. Without making any demand, we ask you each and all to aid in the nomination of Governor Marshall. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the call of the roll. MR. CLAUDE R. PORTER, of Iowa (when the State of Iowa was called) : Mr. Chairman. Mr. Henry Yolmer, of Iowa, will speak for that State. NOMINATING SPEECH OF HENRY YOLMER. MR. HKXRY YOLMER, of Iowa: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention. Iowa of necessity has had but n modest voice in Democratic National Conventions of the past; -but the times are changing. The schools and colleges of that State, of which she possesses a greater number in proportion to population than any other State in the Union, have been graduating Democrats year after year. As the very leader and idol of the struggling, steadily increasing and unterrified young Democracy of that State, we present to you the name, the name of Judge Martin J. Wade, of Iowa. [Applause.] I make the confident prediction that in the beautiful alliteration, Wilson and Wade, our ticket will sweep the State from the Father of Waters to the Big Muddy. My friends, I expect that some of you who believe you are going to attend a Republican funeral this year will be disappointed, because I believe it will be only an exemplification of the story of little Johnny, who came to his mother one day and said: ''Mother, the neighbor's children have found such a beautiful dead cat, and they are going to give her the grandest funeral. May I go?" itainly. Johnny, run right along." After a while little Johnny returned, ami his mother said to him, "Well, Johnny, did they have a grand funeral?" "No, there wasn't no funeral; the cat was too dead. 1 ' [Laughter.] With Wilson and Wade the Republican funeral will be superfluous. Gentlemen, I commend that ticket to you. [Applause.] MR. MARTIN J. WADE, of Iowa. rose. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Gentlemen of the Convention, Judge Martin J. Wade, of Iowa, desires to address you. MR. MARTIN J. WADE, of Iowa : Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, I rise to thank my good friends for their kindness, but they have placed me in this very embarrassing position; because I am going to present now to this Convention 'a man who is so much better than I that there is no comparison. v.".' have had a splendid Convention. There has been some bitter- n.'-s. there have been some contests, there has been some strife, but alter all that is what a Convention is for. Now we have it all out 362 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE of our systems. The man whom I supported did not receive the nomina- tion, but we have nominated one of the greatest men in the United States in the person of Woodrow Wilson. [Applause.] All the followers of the gallant Champ Clark will work just as hard for the election of Woodrow Wilson as they toiled for the nomination of their candidate. And now, as we go into the forthcoming campaign with this splendid personality, ready to meet the great questions of the hour, capable of filling the office of the Presidency with honor and benefit to the American people, Woodrow Wilson needs by his side in the race and in the Capitol a man of devotion to Democratic principles and of capacity to aid in the establishment and enforcement of those principles. North Dakota has spoken. I say to you, my friends, listen to the voice of the great West. Out there are the great prairies, the great mountains, the great mines and the mighty rivers, and out there also are the great men and the mighty ideas; and no man stands higher in that great West than that man named in behalf of North Dakota, John Burke. [Applause.] John Burke and I sat side by side in the old university of Iowa. We were graduated at the same hour. We started out in the world together. He went way up into the Northwest when it was a pioneer country. He loved the great common people, he loved the strife and struggle on the border. There he went and ,began the practice of his profession, and he has risen by steady effort and honest endeavor until he has attained a prominence and a record not equaled by any other man in the United States. Three times he has been elected Governor of a Eepublican State, and he could be elected as many times as he would ask. This honor has come to him not because he has used any of the means or methods of the demagogue, but because he has stood four-square to all the winds, honest, sincere, loyal, patriotic, believing in the rights of labor and capital, and insisting upon justice for both. [Applause.] John Burke is a typical American, broad-gauge, of the highest ideals, the purest private life; and Woodrow Wilson will find in him a man who will stand by his skle a tower of strength. I extend my thanks to my friends who have so kindly suggested my name, but the name that we need on this ticket is that of John Burke, of North Dakota. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MR. S. H. MARTIN, of Kansas (when the State of Kansas was called) : Mr. Chairman, Kansas desires to second the nomination of Hon. John Burke. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MR. ROBERT EWING, of Louisiana (when the State of Louisiana was called) : Mr. Chairman, in behalf of eighteen delegates from Louisiana. I desire to second the nomination of Governor Marshall, of Indiana. The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. DKMOCRATIC NATIONAL I'OXVK.NTIOX 363 MR. JOHN WALTER SMITH, of Maryland (when the State of Mary- laud was called) : Mr. Chairman, Mr. Alonzo L. Miles, of Baltimore, will address the Convention on behalf of Maryland. NOMINATING SPEECH OF ALONZO L. MILES. MR. MILK-;, of Maryland: Mr. Chairman and gentlemen I say "gentlemen" by way of contrast to the recent proceedings at Chicago Maryland was one of the original thirteen States of the Union. Maryland stands on the border of Mason and Dixon's line, which should no longer exist except in history. In 1812, when the British fleet was about to bombard Fort McHenry and destroy the town of Baltimore, Maryland produced the man who, as he saw the American flag floating over Fort McHenry. was inspired to sing "Then conquer we must. For our cause it is just; And this be our motto, In God is our trust"; And the Star Spangled Banner Oh long 7iiay it wave, O 'er the land of the free And the home of the brave. [Applause.] Maryland, whose name and fame are perpetuated in poetry and song, a- Maryland. My Maryland." appeals to you, and your temporary home, historic Baltimore, appeals to you. Baltimore is replete with history, commercial, educational and political. The first steam packet that sailed regularly from the United States across the ocean sailed from Baltimore in 1838. The first telegraphic message ever sent over Morse's line was transmitted from Baltimore to Washington, in the words ' ' What hath God wrought ? ' ' Baltimore erected the first monu- ment to Columbus. Baltimore erected the first official monument to George Washington. Not only has Baltimore entertained this Convention, but Baltimore is the ancient home of the Democracy, for here it was that Andrew Jackson was nominated. [Applause.] It is a prophetic omen that the National Democracy after nearly a century, has come back home to Baltimore, where Andrew Jacks m was nominated. [Applause.] Within forty-eight hours of the birthday anniversary of the greatest country on the face of the earth, we have nominated the next President of the United States. [Applause.] The united Democracy cf Maryland in convention assembled, by resolution unanimously directed its delegation to recommend to this Con- vention the name of Hon. James II. Preston, as a candidate for Vice President of the United States, in the following language 364 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE ' ' WHEREAS, The press of the country and many distinguished leaders of the Democratic party have suggested the nomination of the Hon. James H. Preston, now Mayor of the City of Baltimore, as Vice Presi- dent of the Unite'd States, and this suggestion has been received with the warmest approval on the part of the citizens of Maryland, as ex- pressed in many meetings, and in the local press; and, "WHEREAS, By the honest, fearless, progressive and public-spirited manner in which James H. Preston has conducted the affairs of Balti- more City as its Mayor, he has shown executive ability of high order, such as fully justifies the confidence of the people of Maryland; and, "WHEREAS, Baltimore is the place of meeting of the National Con- vention, and this and the party services of Mr. Preston would render such a nomination eminently proper; and, "WHEREAS, The State of Maryland and the City of Baltimore are the gateway between North and South and no Southern State has re- ceived any recognition on the National Ticket for many years; therefore, "Be It Resolved, That this Convention recommend to the delegates from Maryland to the National Democratic Convention, that they use every honorable effort to secure the nomination of the Hon. James H. Preston as Vice President of the United States." To those of you who know Mayor Preston, nothing need be said. To those of you who do not intimately know him, I want to say, that if I were asked to state his strongest trait of character I would say that it is his utter fearlessness in the discharge of his duties as he honestly understands and comprehends them. When he sets his face toward what he conceives to be his duty, Prince, Potentate, nor Power a hostile press nor selfish political critics can turn his head in the other direc- tion. [Applause.] This is what has made him one of the best Mayors Baltimore lias had in my recollection. He is distinctively a Democrat, loyal to his party and devoted to his friends, and yet broad enough not to let his loyalty to his party and his devotion to his friends interfere with his executive duties. That is Mayor Preston. Commanding in appearance, strong in intellect, of good address, if you will nominate him as Vice President no one can better go through- out this country and uphold the arms of Woodrow Wilson, whom you have nominated for President. I therefore place in nomination before this Convention the name of the Hon. James H. Preston, the Mayor of Baltimore. [Applause.] REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS. MR. A. MITCHELL PALMER, of Pennsylvania: Mr. Chairman and gen- tlemen of the Convention, the rules adopted by the Convention provide that after the candidates for President and Vice President have been DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 365 named, consideration shall be given to the report of the Committee on Eesolutions. I understand that the Committee on Kesolutions are now ready to report our platform, and I desire to make the suggestion, and I make it in the form of a request for unanimous consent, that we vacate the pending order until 12 o'clock, and in the meantime take up the report of the Committee on Eesolutions. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The gentleman from Pennsylvania asks unanimous consent to suspend the roll call, and that the Convention proceed to consider the report of the Committee on Eesolutions. Is there objection? MR. 11. IT. DEAN, of Georgia: Mr. Chairman, I object. THE PERMANENT ( HAIRMAN: The Chair wants to make a suggestion in the nature of a request. This is a matter of importance. The Com- mittee on Resolutions are here to make a report, and the Chair hopes that no Democrat who loves his party will interpose an objection to the request of the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Palmer) which is made in the interest of success and for the good of the Democratic party. MR. G. B. HUTCHENS, of Georgia: Mr. Chairman, I rise to object to any change in the regular order. MR. DEAN, of Georgia: Mr. Chairman, since I made my objection. I have been informed of the reason for the change which is desired in the order of business. It is in hearty accord with my own wishes, and I withdraw my objection. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: The objection is withdrawn. Unani- mous consent is given for the vacation of the order. Therefore, Senator Kern, of Indiana, Chairman of the Committee on Eesolutions, is recog- nized to read the platform that Is going to be presented for your con- sideration. THE PLATFORM. Mi;. JOHN W. KERN, of Indiana: Mr. Chairman, I have the honor io present to the Convention the following report of the Committee on Eesolutions, which was adopted by the full committee without a dis- senting voice: We. the representatives of the Democratic party of the United States, in national convention assembled, reaffirm our devotion to the" principles of Democratic government fonutilalod by Thomas Jefferson and enforced by a long and illustrious line of Democratic Presidents. TARIFF REFORM. We declare it to be a fundamental principle of the Democratic party that the Federal government, under the Constitution, has no right of power to impose or collect tariff duties, except for the purpose of reve- nue, and we do.nand that the collection of such taxes shall 6e limited to the necessities of government honestly and economically administered.- The high Eepublican tariff is the principal cause of the unequal dis- 366 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE tribution of wealth; it is a system of taxation which makes the rich richer and the poor poorer; under its operations the American farmer and laboring man are the chief sufferers; it raises the cost of the neces- saries of life to them, but does not protect their product or wages. The /"farmer sells largely in free markets and buys almost entirely in the pro tected markets. In the most highly protected industries, such as cotton and wool, steel and iron, the wages of the laborers are the lowest paid in any of our industries. We denounce the Republican pretense on that subject and assert that American wages are established by competitive ___ conditions, and not by the tariff. We favor the immediate downward revision of the existing high and in many cases prohibitive tariff duties, insisting that material reductions be speedily made upon the necessaries of life. Articles entering into competition with trust-controlled products and articles of American man- ufacture which are sold abroad more cheaply than at home should be put upon the free list. f We recognize that our system of tariff taxation is intimately con / nected with the business of the country, and we favor the ultimate attain- I ment of the principles w r e advocate by legislation that will not injure or. ( > destroy legitimate industry. We denounce the action of President Taft in vetoing the bills to reduce the tariff in the cotton, woolen, metal, and chemical schedules and the farmers' free list bill, all of which were designed to give imme- diate relief to the masses from the exactions of the trusts. The Republican party, while promising tariff revision, has shows- \ assert that no substantial relief can be secured for the people until . import duties on the necessaries of life are materially reduced and these criminal conspiracies broken up. ANTITRUST LAW. A private monopoly is indefensible and intolerable. We therefore favor the vigorous enforcement of the criminal as well as the civil law against trusts and trust officials, and demand. the enactment of such DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONTENTION 367 additional legislation as may be necessary to make it impossible for a private monopoly to exist in the United States. We favor the declaration by law of the conditions upon which cor- porations shall be permitted to engage in interstate trade, including, among others, the prevention of holding companies, of interlocking directors, of stock watering, of discrimination in price, and the control by any one corporation of so large a proportion of any industry as toy make it a menace to competitive conditions. ^ We condemn the action of the Kepublican administration in compro- mising with the Standard Oil Company and the tobacco trust, and its failure to invoke the criminal provisions of the antitrust law against the officers of those corporations after the court had declared that from the undisputed facts in the record they had violated the criminal provisions of the law. We regret that the Sherman antitrust law has received a judicial con- struction depriving it of much of its efficiency, and we favor the enact- ment of legislation which will restore to the statute the strength of which it has been deprived by such interpretation. EIGHTS OF THE STATES. We believe in the preservation and maintenance in their full strength and integritv of the three co-ordinate branches of the Federal govern- ment the executive, the legislative, and the judicial each keeping within its own bounds and not encroaching upon the just powers of either of the others. Believing that the most efficient results under our system of govern- ment are to be attained by the full exercise by the States of their re- served sovereign powers, we denounce as usurpation the efforts of our opponents to deprive the States of any of the rights reserved to them, and to enlarge and magnify by indirection the powers of the Federal government. We insist upon the full exercise of all the powers of the government, both State and national, to protect the people from injustice at the hands of those who seek to make the government a private asset in business. There is no twilight zone between the nation and the State in which exploiting interests can take refuge from both. It is as necessary that the Federal government shall exercise the powers delegated to it as it is thai the States shall exercise the powers reserved to them, but we insist that Federal remedies for the regulation of interstate commerce and for the prevention of private monopoly, shall be added to, and not substi- tuted for, State remedies. INCOME TAX AND POPULAR ELECTION OF SENATORS. \ We congratulate* the country upon the triumph of two important reforms demanded in the last national platform, namely, the amendment id' the Federal Constitution authorizing ar income tax. and the amend- / 368 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE / ment providing for the popular election of senators, and we call upou [ the people of all the States to rally to the support of the pending propo- V sitions and secure their ratification. ^ "We note with gratification the unanimous sentiment in favor of pub- licity, before the election, of campaign contributions a measure de manded in our national platform of 1908, and at that time opposed by the Eepublican party and we commend the Democratic House of Rep- resentatives for extending the doctrine of publicity to recommendations, verbal and written, upon which presidential appointments are made, to the ownership and control-of newspapers, and to the expenditures made by and in behalf of those who aspire to presidential nominations, aad we point for additional justification for this legislation to the enormous expenditures of money in behalf of the President and his predecessor in the recent contest for the Bepublican nomination for President. PRESIDENTIAL PRIMARY. The movement towards more popular government should be promoted through legislation in each State which will permit the expression of the preference of the electors for national candidates at presidential j'riwarier. "We direct that the National Committee incorporate in the call for the next nominating convention a requirement that all expressions of preference for Presidential candidates shall be given and the selection of delegates and alternates made through a primary election conducted by the party organization in each State where such expression and elec- tion are not provided for by State law. 'Committeemen who are here- after to constitute the membership of the Democratic National Com- Vmittee, and whose election is not provided for by law, shall be chosen in each State at such primary elections, and the service and authority of committeemen, however 'chosen, shall begin immediately upon the receipt of their credentials, respectively. CAMPAIGN CONTRIBUTIONS. We pledge the Democratic party to the enactment of a law prohibit- ing any corporation from contributing to a campaign fund and any individual from contributing any amount above a reasonable maximum. TRKlt OF PRESIDENT. We favor a single Presidential term, and to that end urge the adop- tion of an amendment to the Constitution making the President of the United States ineligible to reelection, and we pledge the candidate c f this Convention to this principle. DEMOCRATIC CONGRESS. At this time, when the Republican party after a generation of unlimited power in its control of the Federal Government, is rent into DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 369 factions, it is opportune to point to the record of accomplishment of the Democratic House of Representatives in the Sixty-second Congress. We indorse its action and we challenge comparison of its record with that of any Congress which has been controlled by our opponents. We call the attention of the patriotic citizens of our country to its record of efficiency, economy and constructive legislation. It has, among other achievements, revised the rules of the House of Representatives so as to give to the representatives of the American people freedom of speech and of action in advocating, proposing and perfecting remedial legislation. It has passed bills for the relief of the people and the development of our country ; it has endeavored to revise the tariff taxes downward in the interest of the consuming masses, and thus to reduce the high cost of living. It has proposed an amendment to the Federal Constitution providing for the election of United States Senators by the direct vote of the people. It has secured the admission of Arizona and New Mexico as two sov- ereign States. It has required the publicity of campaign expenses both before ant? after election and fixed a limit upon the election expenses of United States Senators and Representatives. It has passed a bill to prevent the abuse of the writ of injunction. It has passed a law establishing an eight-hour day for workmen on all national public work. It has passed a resolution which" forced the President to take im- mediate steps to abrogate the Russian treaty. And it has passed the great supply bills which lessen waste and extravagance, and which reduce the annual expenses of the government by many millions of dollars. We approve the measure reported by the Democratic leaders in the House of Representatives for the creation of a council of national defense, which will determine a definite naval program with a view to increased efficiency and economy. The party that proclaimed and has always enforced the Monroe doctrine, and was sponsor for the new navy, will continue faithfully to observe the constitutional requirements to provide and maintain an adequate and well-proportioned navy sufficient to defend American policies, protect our citizens, and uphold the honor and dignity of the nation. REPUBLICAN EXTRAVAGANCE. We denounce the profligate waste of the money wrung from the people by oppressive taxation through the lavish appropriations of recent Republican Congresses, which have kept taxes high, and reduced the purchasing power of the people's toil. We demand a return to that simplicity and economy which befits a Democratic government, and a OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE reduction in the number of useless offices, the salaries of which drain the substance of the people. RAILROADS, EXPRESS COMPANIES. TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE LINES. * We favor the efficient supervision and rate regulation of railroads, express companies, telegraph and telephone lines engaged in interstate commerce. To this end we recommend the valuation of railroads, express companies, telegraph and telephone lines by the Interstate Commerce Commission, such valuation to take into consideration the physical value of the property, the original cost, the cost of reproduction, and any element of value that will render the valuation fair and just. We favor such legislation as will effectually prohibit the railroads, express, telegraph and telephone companies from engaging in business which brings them into competition with their shippers or patrons; also legislation preventing the overissue of stocks and bonds by interstate railroads, express companies, telegraph and telephone lines, and legis- lation which will assure such reduction in transportation rates as con- ditions will permit, care being taken to avoid reduction that would com- pel a reduction of wages, prevent adequate service, or do injustice to legitimate investments. BANKING LEGISLATION. We oppose the so-called Aldrich bill or the establishment of a central bank; and we believe our country will be largely freed from panics and consequent unemployment and business depression by such a systematic revision of our banking laws as will render temporary relief in localities where such relief is needed, with protection from control or dominion by what is known as the money trust. Banks exist for the accommodation of the public, and not for the control of business. All legislation on the subject of banking and cur- rency should have for its purpose the securing of these accommodations on terms of absolute security to the public and of complete protection from the misuse of the power that wealth gives to those who possess it. We condemn the present methods of depositing government funds in a few favored banks, largely situated in or controlled by Wall Street, in return for political favors, and we pledge our party to provide by la^v for their deposit by competitive bidding in the banking institutions of the country, national and State, without discrimination as to locality. upon approved securities and subject to call by the Government. RURAL CREDITS. Of equal importance with the question of currency reform is the question of rural credits or agricultural finance. Therefore, we recom- mend that an investigation of agricultural credit societies in foreign countries be made, so that it may be ascertained whether a system of DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 371 rural credits may be devised suitable to conditions in the United States; and we also favor legislation permitting national banks to loan a n-asonable proportion of their funds on real estate security. We recognize the value of vocational education, and urge Federal appropriations for such training and extension teaching in agriculture in cooperation with the several States. WATERWAYS. We renew the declaration in our last platform relating to the con- servation of our natural resources and the development of our water- ways. The present devastation of the lower Mississippi valley ac- centuates the movement for the regulation of river flow by additional bank and levee protection below, and the diversion, storage and control of the flood waters above, and their utilization for beneficial purposes in the reclamation of arid and swamp lands and the development of water power, instead of permitting the floods to continue, as heretofore, ;i gents of destruction. \\V hold that the control of the Mississippi Kiver is a national prob- lem. The preservation of the depth of its water for the purpose of navigation, the building of levees to maintain the integrity of its chan- nel, and the prevention of the overflow of the land and its consequent devastation, resulting in the interruption of interstate commerce, the disorganization of the mail service, and the enormous loss of life and property, impose an obligation which alone can be discharged by the general government. To maintain an adequate depth of water the entire year, and thereby encourage water transportation, is a consummation worthy of legislative attention, and presents an issue national in its character. It calls for prompt action on the part of Congress, and the Democratic party pledges itself to the enactment of legislation leading to that end. \Vi> favor the cooperation of the United States and the respective States in plans for the comprehensive treatment of all waterways with a view of coordinating plans for channel improvement, with plans for drainage of swamp and overflowed lands, and to this end we favor the appropriation by the Federal Government of sufficient funds to make surveys of such lands, to develop plans for draining the same, and to supervise the work of construction. We favor the adoption of a liberal and comprehensive plan for the development and improvement of our inland waterways, with economy and eilicieiicy. so as to permit their navigation by vessels of standard draft. POSTROADS. We favor national aid to State and local authorities in the construe tion and maintenance of poetroads. 372 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE RIGHTS OF LABOR. We repeat our declarations of the platform of 1903. as follow?: "The courts of justice are the bulwark of our liberties, and we yield to none in our purpose to maintain their dignity. Our party Has given to the bench a long line of distinguished justices, who have added to the respect and confidence in which this department must be jealously maintained. We resent the attempt of the Republican party to raise a false issue respecting the judiciary. It is an unjust reflection upon a great body of our citizens to assume that they lack respect for the courts. "It is the function of the courts to interpret the laws which the people enact, and if the laws appear to work economic, social or political injustice, it is our duty to change them. The only basis upon which the integrity of our courts can stand is that of unswerving justice and protection of life, personal liberty, and property. As judicial processes may be abused, we should guard them against abuse. ' ' Experience has proven the necessity of a modification of the present law relating to injunction, and we reiterate the pledges of our platforms of 1896 and 1904 in favor of a message which passed the United States Senate in 1896, relating to contempt in Federal courts, and providing for trial by jury in cases of indirect contempt. Questions of judicial practice have arisen, especially in connection with industrial disputes. We believe that the parties to all judicial pro- ceedings should be treated with rigid impartiality, and that injunctions should not be issued in any case in which an injunction would not issue if no industrial disputes were involved. "The expanding organization of industry makes it essential that there should be no abridgement of the right of the wage earners and producers to organize for the protection of wages and the improvement of 'labor conditions, to the end that such la,bor organizations and their members should not be regarded as illegal combinations in restraint of trade. We pledge the Democratic party to the enactment of a law creating a derartir.ent of labor, represented separately in the President's cabinet, in which department sball be included the subject of mines and mining."" \\Y pledg? the Democratic party, so far as the Federal jurisdiction extends, to an employes' compensation law providing adequate indemnity for injury to l-rdy or Io -s of life. KRVATION. We believe in the conservation and the development, for the use of all the people, of the natural resources of the country. Our forests, our s^urres of water supply, our arable and our mineral lands, our navigable :>nd all the other materhl re-wir.-os with which our country 1 "- been so I. constitute the foundation of our national Sutu additional legislation as may be necessary to prevent their NATIONAL ( '<>x\ I:\TION 373 being \vMst ( (1 or absorbed by special or privileged interests, should bs enact ed and the policy of their conservation should be rigidly adhered to. Tho public domain should be administered and disposed of with due regard to the general welfare. Reservations should be limited to the purposes \\liich they purport to serve and not extended to include lands wholly unsuited therefor. The unnecessary withdrawal from sale and settlement of enormous tracts of public land, upon which tree growth never existed and cannot be promoted, tends only to retard development, circle discontent, and bring reproach upon the policy of conservation. The public land laws should be administered in a spirit of the broad- est liberality towards the settler exhibiting a bona fide purpose to comply therewith, to the end that the invitation of this government to the landless should be as attractive as possible; and the plain provisions of the forest reserve act permitting homestead entries to be made within the national forests should not be nullified by administrative regulations which amount to a withdrawal of great areas of the same from settle- ment. Immediate action should be taken by Congress to make available the vast and valuable coal deposits of Alaska under conditions that will be a perfect guaranty against their falling into the hands of monopoliz- ing corporations, associations or interests. W rejoice in the inheritance of mineral resources unequaled in extent, variety, or value, and in the development of a mining industry unequaled in its magnitude and importance. We honor the men who, in their hazardous toil underground, daily ris"k their lives in extracting and preparing for our use the products of the mine, so essential to the industries, the commerce, and the comfort of the people of this country. And we pledge ourselves to the extension of the work of the bureau of mines in every way appropriate for national legislation with a view of safeguarding the lives of the miners, lessening the waste of essential urces, and promoting the economic development of mining, which, along with agriculture, must in the future, even more than in the past, serve as the very foundation of our. national prosperity and wel- fare, and our international commerce. AGRICULTURE. We believe in encouraging the development of a modern system of agriculture and a systematic effort to improve the conditions of trade in farm products so as to benefit "Both the consumers and producers. And as an efficient means to this end, we favor the enactment by Con- gress of legislation that will suppress the pernicious practice of gambling in agricultural products by organized exchanges or others. MERCHANT MARINE. We believe in fostering, by constitutional regulation of commerce, the growth of a merchant marine, which shall develop and strengthen 374 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE the commercial ties which bind us to our sister republics of the South, but without imposing additional burdens upon the people and without bounties or subsidies from the public treasury. . , We urge upon Congress the speedy enactment of laws for the greater security of life and property at sea; and we favor the repeal of all laws, and the abrogation of so much of our treaties with other nations, as provide for the arrest and imprisonment of seamen charged with desertion, or with violation of their contract of service. Such laws and treaties are un-American, and violate the spirit, if not the letter, of the Constitution of the United States. We favor the exemption from tolls of American ships engaged in coastwise trade passing through the Panama canal. We also favor legislation forbidding the use of the Panama Canal by ships owned or controlled by railroad carriers engaged ' in trans- portation competitive with the canal. PURE FOOD AND PUBLIC HEALTH. We reaffirm our previous declarations advocating the union and strengthening of the various governmental agencies relating to pure foods, quarantine, vital statistics and human health. Thus united, and administered without partiality to or discrimination against any school of medicine or system of healing, they would constitute a single health service, not subordinated to any commercial or financial interests, but devoted exclusively to the conservation of human life and efficiency. Moreover, this health service should cooperate with the health agencies of our various States and cities, without interference with their preroga- tives, or with the freedom of individuals to employ such medical or hygienic aid as they may see fit. CIVIL SERVICE LAW. . The law pertaining to the civil service should be honestly and rigidly enforced, to the end that merit and ability shall be the standard of appointment and promotion, rather than service rendered to a political party; and we favor a reorganization of the civil service, with adequate compensation commensurate with the class of work performed, for all officers and employes; we also favor the extension to all classes of civil service employes of the benefits of the provisions of the employ- ers' liability law; we also recognize the right of direct petition to Congress by .employes for the redress of grievance. LAW REFORM. We recognize the urgent need of reform in the administration of civil and criminal law in the United States, and we recommend the enactment of such legislation and the promotion of such measures as will rid the present legal system of the delays, expense, and uncertain- ties incident to the system as now administered. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 375 THE PHILIPPINES. We reaffirm the position thrice announced by the Democracy in national convention assembled against a policy of imperialism and colonial exploitation in the Philippines or elsewhere. We condemn the experiment in imperialism as an inexcusable blunder, which has in- volved us in enormous expense, brought us weakness instead of strength, and laid our nation open to the chage of abandonment of the funda- mental doctrine of self government. We favor an immediate declara- tion of the nation 's purpose to recognize the independence of the Philippine Islands as soon as a stable government can be established, such independence to be guaranteed by us until the neutralization of the islands can be secured by treaty with other powers. In recognizing the independence of the Philippines, our government should retain such land as may be necessary for coaling stations and naval bases. ARIZONA AND NEW MEXICO. We welcome Arizona and New Mexico to the sisterhood of States and heartily congratulate them upon their auspicious beginning of great and glorious careers. ALASKA. We demand for the people of Alaska the full enjoyment of the rights and privileges of a Territorial form of government, and we believe that the officials appointed to administer the government of all our Territories and the District of Columbia should be qualified by-previous bona fide residence. THE RUSSIAN TREATY. We commend the patriotism of the Democratic members of the Senate 'and House of Representatives which compelled the termination of the Russian treaty of 1832. and we pledge ourselves anew to preserve % the sacred rights of American citizenship at home and abroad. No treaty should receive the sanction of our government which does not recognize that equality of all of our citizens, irrespective of race or creed, and which does not expressly guarantee the fundamental right of expatriation. The constitutional rights of American citizens should protect them on our borders, and go with them throughout the world, and every American citizen residing or having property in any foreign country is entitled to and must be given the full protection of the United States government, both for himself and his property. PARCELS POST AND RURAL DELIVERY. \\V favor the establishment of a parcels post or postal express, and also the extension of the rural delivery system as rapidly as practicable. 376 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF TIIK PANAMA CANAL EXPOSITION. We hereby express our deep interest in the great Panama Canal Exposition to be held in San Francisco in 1915, and favor such encour- agement as can be properly given. PROTECTION OP NATIONAL UNIFORM. We commend to the several States the adoption of a law making it an offense for the proprietors of places of public .amusement and entertainment to discriminate against the uniform of the United States, similar to the law passed by the Congress applicable to the District of Columbia and the Territories in 1911. PENSIONS. We renew the declaration of our last platform relating to a generous pension policy. RULE OF THE PEOPLE. We direct attention to the fact that the Democratic party's demand for a return to the rule of the people expressed in the national platform four years ago has now become the accepted doctrine of a large majority of the electors. We again remind the country that only by a larger exercise of the reserved power of the people can they protect themselves from the misuse of delegated power and the usurpation of governmental instrumentalities by special interests. For this reason, the National Convention insisted on the overthrow of Cannonism and the inauguration of a system by which United States senators could be elected by direct vote. The Democratic party offers itself to the country as an agency through which the complete overthrow and extirpa- tion of corruption, fraud, and machine rule in American politics can be effected. CONCLUSION. Our platform is one of principles which we believe to be essentiaV to our national welfare. Our pledges are made to be kept when in office, as well as relied upon during the campaign, and we invite the cooperation of all citizens, regardless of party, who believe in main- taining unimpaired the institutions and traditions of our country. [The reading of the report of the Committee on Eesolutions was frequently interrupted by applause.] MR. KERN, of Indiana: Mr. Chairman, on behalf of the Committee on Resolutions, I move the adoption of this platform. THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. William Hughes, of New Jersey, in the Chair) : The Senator from Indiana moves the adoption of tlie report of the Committee on Resolutions. The motion was unanimously agreed to. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 377 NOMINATION OF CANDIDATE FOR VICE-PRESIDENT. MR. ALEX D. PITTS, of Alabama: Mr. Chairman, I demand the regular order. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN : The regular order is the calling of the roll of States for the presentation of candidates for Vice-President. The Secretary will resume the call of the roll. The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. REMARKS OF EDMUND C. SHIELDS. MR. EDMUND C. SHIELDS, of Michigan (when the State of Michigan was called) :' Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, in behalf of a neighboring State, we want to second the nomination of a man who we know is able and constant, and who will make a most enthusi- astic campaigner for the Democracy. We second the nomination of our neighbor, Hon. Thomas R. Marshall, of Indiana. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MR. A. C. WEISS, of Minnesota (when the State of Minnesota was called) : Mr. Chairman, Senator Stockwell of our delegation will speak for Minnesota. THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. John F. Fitzgerald, of Massachusetts, in the Chair) : The Convention will now hear from Mr. Stockwell, of Minnesota. REMARKS OF S. A. STOCKWELL. MR. S. A. STOCKWELL, of Minnesota : Mr. Chairman, ladies of California, Colorado and Washington, and gentlemen of the Convention, I think few members of this Convention will agree with the distinguished Senator from Alabama (Mr. Bankhead) that anyone can be Vice- President. We should select as our candidate for Vice- President at this time a man of presidential size. Life hangs by a thread, and we want a man who can take up the responsible duties of the Presidency in the event of the death of the President. [Applause.] The man whom I shall second has these qualifications. I second the nomination of Hon. John Burke, of North Dakota. [Applause.] When he was elected chief executive of that great State, he found a State government that was practically the private preserve of Alex. McKenzie and his supporters. Today North Dakota is one of the best governed States in this Union. She has the finest public school system, she has institutions that are second to none, due to the splendid work of John Burke. On behalf of the 24 votes of Minnesota, her sister State, we second the nomination of John Burke. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. 378 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE EEMAKKS OF T. J. WALSH. MR. T. J. WALSH, of Montana (when the State of Montana was called) : Mr. Chairman, Montana seconds the nomination of Hop. John Burke. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MR. C. J. SMITH, of Nebraska (when the State of Nebraska was called) rose. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Gentlemen of the Convention, the Chair presents Mr. C. J. Smith, of Nebraska. REMARKS OF CONSTANTIXE J. SMITH. MR. COXSTAXTIXE J. SMITH, of Nebraska: Gentlemen of the Con- vention, you have given to the far East the splendid- prize of the Presidential nomination. The Vice-Presidential nomination should go to another part of the country. The great Northwest, including Iowa, Nebraska. Minnesota, the Dakotas and even down into Kansas, consti- tutes the hotbed of Kepublican insurgency and progressiveness. We can appeal with success to that portion of the country. Therefore I rise on behalf of a part of the delegation from Nebraska to second the nomination of that splendid type of his race, that militant Demo- cratic Governor, John Burke, of North Dakota.' [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. REMARKS OF KEY PITTMAN. MR. KEY PITTMAX, of Nevada (when the State of Nevada was called) : Nevada seconds the nomination of Governor Marshall, of Indiana. The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. REMARKS OF CLARENCE E. CARR. MR. CLARENCE E. CARR, of New Hampshire (when the State of New Hampshire was called) : Mr. Chairman, New Hampshire has no candi- date to offer, and no language with which to delay the proceedings of the Convention, but will give eight votes to Tom Marshall, of Indiana. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. REMARKS OF W. H. MURRAY. MR. W. II. MURRAY, of Oklahoma (when the State of Oklahoma was called) : Mr. Chairman, on behalf of one unit of the Oklahoma delega- tion I rise to second the nomination of a gentleman whose record is in keeping with that of our nominee for President, whose nomination will give to the Democratic party of this nation a ticket, for both President OEMOCIJATIC XATIOXAL CONVENTION 379 and Vice-President, which will stand for principle and for progressive Democracy, Hon. John Burke, of North Dakota. [Applause.] REMARKS OF E. J. GIDDINGS. MR. E. J. GIDDIXGS, of Oklahoma: Mr. Chairman, on behalf of the* other unit from Oklahoma I desire to differ from Mr. Murray. I second the nomination of Tom Marshall, of Indiana. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. THE PRESIDING OFFICER (when the State of Oregon was called) : Judge King, of Oregon, will now address the Convention. NOMINATING SPEECH OF WILL R. KING. MR. WILL R. KING, of Oregon : Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen of this Convention, as one of the delegates from Oregon I want to remind you that that State is still on the map. I agree with the gentleman who has preceded me in saying that the nomination of a candidate for Vice-President is not a trivial matter. We should exercise the same degree of care, although we need not take as much time, in nominating a candidate for Vice-President as in nominating a candidate for President. And I desire to say, gentlemen, that we come from a State which is one of the first progressive States in this Union, as progress is interpreted by this Convention. This Convention has nominated the man who will be President of the United States, and by his nomination it has made the word "pro- gressive" synonyms with the word "Democracy." [Applause.] Gentlemen, the State of Oregon was one of the first to take an advanced step in legislation, one of the first to adopt the primary law, and that was adopted by a direct vote of the people after repeated attempts to secure it through the Legislature. It is one of the first States to have a preferential law, under which we vote for our selection for Presidential and Vice Presidential candidates. That State selected as its nominees Woodrow Wilson for President, and ex-Governor and present United States Senator George E. Chamberlain for Vice- President. I therefore present to you, gentlemen, fhe name of United States Senator George E. Chamberlain, of Oregon. [Applause.] Senator Chamberlain was born in the great State of Mississippi. He secured his education in Washington and Lee universities in the State of Virginia. He has spent thirty years of his life in carrying out the advice of Horace Greeley, in not only going West, but staying \\Y-r. While there he has never gone down to defeat. He is in a State which gave 40,000 Republican' majority for Roosevelt, yet he was elected Governor twice; and as a result of his attempt to secure the election of United States Senators by direct vote of the people, was sent from that Republican State to the United States Senate. [Applause.] 380 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE I wish to say, brother delegates, that if you will nominate George E. Chamberlain, you will have a counterpart of Woodrow Wilson. [Applause.] You will have a type of a progressive Democrat su'eh as you cannot secure elsewhere. I say nothing in disrespect to any other candidate, but if you are going West, do not stop this side of the Rocky Mountains. [Applause.] Go to the Pacific Coast. Let Mississippi join with Virginia, and Virginia with New Jersey, the Atlantic Coast with the Pacific, nominate George E. Chamberlain, and it will insure the carrying of every State west of the Great Lakes. [Applause.] THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The Convention will now listen to one of the greatest statesman of the present generation, Senator Williams, of Mississippi. [Applause.] REMARKS OF JOHN SHARP WILLIAMS. MR. JOHN SHARP WILLIAMS, of Mississippi: Mr Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, in the name and in behalf and by the consent of the State of Mississippi, the State of his birth, I rise to second the nomination which has just been made. [Applause.] Born and raised in the State of Mississippi, of Southern ancestry, his father in the Confederate army, twice elected Governor of a Republican State although he was a Mississippi Democrat, unem- broidered, unf rilled and unismed; once elected Senator by the same Republican State, it seems to me he would unite North, South and West, and we already have the East represented upon the ticket. I thank you for your attention. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. REMARKS OF JOHN J. FITZGERALD. MR.' JOHN J. FITZGERALD, of Rhode Island (when the State of Rhode Island was called) : Mr. Chairman, the sovereign State of Rhode Island directs me to notify the Convention that she has never yet made a nomination of one of her favorite sons, although having no lack of favorite sons who are qualified for the position of Vice-President. For the purpose of facilitating matters and in order to prevent a deadlock, Rhode Island refuses to present a name of her own at the present time, but seconds the nomination of John Burke, of North Dakota. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. THE PRESIDING OFFICER (when the State of Texas was called) : The Convention will now give its attention to Congressman Henry, of Texas. [Applause.] REMARKS OF ROBERT L. HENRY. MR. ROBERT L. HENRY, of Texas: Mr. Chairman, the Democracy of Texas is always progressive, and by a vote of more than three to DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 381 one that empire State gave her vote in this Convention to the next President of the United States, Woodrow Wilson. [Applause.] We are still progressive, and have passed through a great contest in this country, and Texas directs me to cast her vote on this occasion in behalf of that progressive Democrat, Hon. John Burke, of North Dakota. [Applause.] Place him upon your ticket and he will lend strength to the distinguished Governor of New Jersey, and there will be nothing to explain. Xo man in this country can assail his record or his Democracy on any question. Therefore I take pleasure in second- ing the nomination of Governor Burke, and hope to see this Convention finish its work, so auspiciously lirgmi, by placing him on the ticket with Governor Wilson. [Applause.] The Secretary resinned the calling of the roll. REMARKS OF SAMUEL RUSSELL. MR. SAMUEL RUSSELL, of Utah (when the State of Utah was called) : Mi. Chairman and gentlemen of the Convention, on behalf of most of my associates in the Utah delegation I have the honor to second the nomination of Governor Marshall, of Indiana. [Applause.] * The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. REMARKS OF CLAUDE A. SWANSON. MR. CLAUDE A. SWANSON, of Virginia (when the State of Virginia was called) : Mr. Chairman, on behalf of Virginia, because of the fitness of his character and the availability of his location, I desire to second the nomination of Governor Marshall, of Indiana. [Applause.j The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. REMARKS OF WILL H. MERRITT. MH. WILL II. MERRITT, of Washington (when the State of Washing- ton was called) : Mr. Chairman, Washington desires to second the nomination of Senator Chamberlain, of Oregon. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. - REMARKS OF STUART W. WALKER. MR. STUART W. WALKER, of West Virginia (when the State of West Virginia was called) : Mr. Chairman, on behalf of a part of the dele- gation from West Virginia I desire to second the nomination of Governor Marshall, of Indiana. [Applause.] REMARKS OF JOSEPH O'BRIEN. MR. JOSEPH O'BRIEN, of West Virginia: Mr. Chairman, on behalf of the other section of the West Virginia delegation I desire to second the nomination of John Burke. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. 382 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THK EEMAKKS OF Z. R. CHENEY. -"3m MR. Z. R. CHENEY, of Alaska (when Alaska was called) : Mr. Chairman, on behalt of the great Territory of Alaska, I take pleasure in seconding the nomination of Senator Chamberlain, of Oregon. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. REMARKS OF ROBERT E. MATTINGLY. MR. ROBERT E. MATTINGLY (when the District of Columbia was called) : Mr* Chairman, many great Democrats have been mentioned to this magnificent Convention, but the greatest of all has not been named. *We want victory with Wilson in November next, and whom- ever we nominate, I now predict that victory will be ours; but in order to make assurance doubly sure, let us nomniate for Vice-President that great exponent of Democracy, William J. Bryan, of Nebraska. [Applause.] REMARKS OF WILLIAM J. BRYAN. MR. WILLIAM J. BRYAN, of Nebraska: Mr. Chairman and members of the Convention, you have been so generous to me in the allowance of time that I had not expected to trespass upon your patience again; but the compliment that has been paid me by the gentleman from the District of Columbia justifies, I hope, a word in the form of a valedictory. [Applause.] For sixteen years I have been a fighting man. Performing what I regarded as a public duty \ have not hesitated to speak out on every public question which was before the people of the nation for settle- ment; and I have not hesitated to arouse the hostility and the enmity of individuals where in behalf of my country I felt it my duty to do so. [Applause.] I have never advocated any man except with glad- ness, and I have never opposed any man except in sadness. [Applause.] If I have any enemies in this country, those who are my enemies have a monopoly of hatred. There is not one human being for whom I feel a hatred. [Applause.] Nor is there one American citizen, in my own party or any other, whom I would oppose for anything, unless I believed that in not opposing him I was surrendering the interests of my country, which I hold above any person. [Applause.] I recognize that a man who fights must carry scars, and long before this campaign commenced I decided that I had been in so many battles and had alienated so many, that my party ought to have the leadership of some one who had not thus offended, and who thus might lead with greater Ijppe of victory. [Applause.] Tonight I come with joy to surrender into the hands of the one chosen by this Convention a standard which I have carried in three J >OIOCKATIC XATIOXAL CONVENTION 383 campaigns, and I challenge my enemies to declare that it has ever been lowered in the face of the enemy. [Applause.] The same belief that led me to prefer another for the Presidency, rather than to be the candidate myself, leads me to prefer another rather than myself to be a candidate for Vice-President. It is not bivause the Vice-Presidency is lower in importance than the Presidency that I decline it. There is no office in this nation so low that I would not take it if I could serve my country by so doing. [Applause.] I believe that I can render more service to my country when I have not the embarrassment of a nomination and have not the suspicion t :i selfish interest than I could as a candidate; and your candidates will not be more active in this campaign than I shall be. [Applause.] vices are at the command of the party, and I feel a relief now that the burden of leadership is transferred to other shoulders. Having, in this Convention, given us a platform, the most progressive that any party of any size has ever adopted, and having given us a candidate who I believe will appeal not only to Democratic votes, but to some three or four million Kepublicans who have been alienated by the policies of their party, there is but one thing left to do, and that is to give us a candidate for Vice-President in harmony with our candidate for President, so there may be no joint debate between our candidates. [Applause.] Therefore, thanking you for the very generous treatment I have received at your hands, let me in conclusion second the nomination, not of one man. but of two men. Governor Burke, of North Dakota, and Senator Chamberlain, of Oregon. [Applause.] The Secretary resumed and concluded the calling of the roll. MR. WILLIAM KENNEDY, of Connecticut: Mr. Chairman THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. James Thomas Heflin, of Alabama, in the Chair) : For what purpose does the gentleman rise? MR. KENNEDY, of Connecticut: My State was passed, and we have a right to second the nomination of a candidate here. I rise for the purpose of seconding the nomination of John Burke. Connecticut went Democratic in 1902, and it will go Democratic again with this ticket, if it is completed in this way. [Applause.] VOTE FOK CANDIDATE FOR VICE-PRESIDENT. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The Secretary will call the roll of States, etc., for the purpose of casting their votes for Vice-President. The Secretary will announce the names which' have been presented to the Convention. THE SECRETARY: The following names have been presented to the Convention: Thomas R. Marshall of Indiana, James H. Preston of Maryland, George E. Chamberlain of Oregon, Elmore W. Hurst of Illinois, and John Burke of North Dakota. 384 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE FERST BALLOT. The Secretary having called the roll of States, etc., the result was announced Marshall 389, Burke 304, Chamberlain 157. Hurst 78,. Preston 58, Wade 26, McCombs 18, Osborne 8, Sulzer 3, not voting 46^, as follows: BALLOT No. 1. States an.l _. 43 . c Territories- > . j | | J g . 3 | s t I I I J 1 I I 3 fc S^pM=~M^oJ5 Alabama 24 . . 16 6 1 1 Arizona 6 .. 5 1 Arkansas 18 18 California 26 . . . . 26 Colorado 12 12 Connecticut 14 14 Delaware 6 .. 5 1 Florida 12 3 3 . . 3 . . . . 3 Georgia 28 . . 28 Idaho 8 8 lUinois 58 58 Indiana 30 1 29 Iowa 26 26 . . Kansas 20 20 ^ Kentucky 26 3 12 10 J Louisiana 20 2 18 Maine 12 . . . . 12 Maryland 16 16 Massachusetts 36 9 9 9 . . 9 Michigan 30 . . 30 Minnesota 24 24 Mississippi 20 . . '. . 20 Missouri 36 26 10 Montana 8 7 .. 1 Nebraska 16 8 . . 7 1 Nevada 6 . . 6 New Hampshire 8 . . 8 New Jersey 28 8 8 8 4 New Mexico 8 . . . . 8 New York 90 . . 90 North Carolina 24 9 11 . . 4 North Dakota 10 10 Ohio 48 33 3 9 3 Oklahoma . 20 10 10 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 385 States and Territories Oregon o =*-< O d ft 10 ffl Marshall. 1 * X c ' ~ 2 * ~ ~. -- jX o PM K ^ 10 n o -42 r' o S ^ r Q 02 ^ 6 Pennsylvania . 76 16 21 3 4 32 Rhode Island 10 10 South Carolina 18 IS South Dakota , 10 10 Tennessee 94 24 Texas 40 40 Ftali 8 1 9 3 2 Vermont 8 8 Virginia 94 24 Washington 14 14 . . West Virginia 5 10 1 Wisconsin <>6 18 9 6 Wvomincr 6 Alaska 6 6 District of Columbia. 6 6 Hawaii 6 6 Porto Rico . , 6 5 1 Total 304| 389 157 58 78 18 3 20 8 46J Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. A. Mitchell Palmer, of Pennsylvania, in the Chair) : No person having received two-thirds, no nomination is made. The Secretary will call the roll for the second ballot. MR. F. IT. McCn.Lcroir, of Missouri: Mr. Chairman, I move that the rules be suspended, and that the nomination of the leading candidate, Governor Marshall, of Indiana, be made unanimous. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The gentleman from Missouri (Mr. McCullough) moves that the rules be suspended and that the leading candidate be nominated by acclamation. MK. WILLIAM J. BRI'AN, of Nebraska: Mr. Chairman, is this a motion? THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The gentleman from Missouri (Mr. Mc('ullough) has moved to suspend the rules for that purpose. MR. WitjJAM J. BRYAN, of Nebraska: Is there time for debate.' THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Yes. 386 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE MR. McCuLLOUGH, of Missouri : Mr. Chairman, at the request of gentlemen about me I withdraw my motion. SECOND BALLOT. ' The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. MR. JOHN WALTER SMITH, of Maryland (when Maryland was called) : Mr. Chairman, I am authorized to withdraw the name of Mr. Preston, and to cast the vote of Maryland. 15$ for Marshall and } for Chamberlain. The roll-call was concluded. MB. JOHN SHARP WILLIAMS, of Mississippi: Mr. Chairman, I am authorized by the Mississippi delegation to say that she changes her twenty votes from Chamberlain to Marshall. MR. WILL H. MERRITT, of Washington: Mr. Chairman, Washington changes her fourteen votes from Chamberlain to Burke. MR. WILL R. KING, of Oregon: Mr. Chairman, Oregon having previously cast her ten votes for Chamberlain, now desires to have them recorded, 9 for Burke and 1 for Marshall. MR. W. A. COLE, of California: Mr. Chairman, California changes her 26 votes from Chamberlain to Burke. MR. JOHN F. FITZGERALD, of Massachusetts (Massachusetts having first voted Burke 25, Marshall 4, Chamberlain 2, Hurst 1, Brewer 1, and 3 not voting) : Massachusetts now desires to change her vote, and to cast it 33 for Marshall and 3 for Burke. MR. JAMES Eoss, of Ohio (Ohio having first voted Burke 41, Mar- shall 3, Chamberlain 4) : Ohio desires to east its entire 48 votes for Mr. Burke. MR. WILLIAM J. STONE, of Missouri (Missouri having first voted, David R. Francis 36) ^ Missouri changes her vote and easts 36 votes for Marshall. MR. ROBERT G. BREMNER, of New Jersey (New Jersey having first voted, Burke 24, not voting 4) : New Jersey wishes to change her vote, and casts 12 for Burke and 12 for Marshall. MR. Z. R. CHENEY, of Alaska (Alaska having first voted Chamber- lain 6) : Alaska changes her vote, and casts 3 for Marshall and 3 for Burke. MR. EMMETT O'NEAL, of Alabama (Alabama having first voted Burke 12, Marshall 12) : Alabama changes her vote, and casts 4 for Burke and 20 for Marshall. The result of the roll-call was announced, Marshall 644}, Burke 386J, Chamberlain 12}, not voting 44, as follows: DEMOCRATIC XATIOXAL COXVEXTIOX 38' BALLOT No. 2. a and Territories O = K O 2 - - ~ Alabama *24 4 20 Arizona 6 .. 5 1 Arkansas 18 . . 18 California 26 26 Colorado 12 12 Connecticut 14 14 Delaware 6* .. 5 1 Florida 12 .-, 5 2 Georgia 28 . . 28 Idaho 8 8 Illinois 58 . . 58 Indiana 30 . . 30 Iowa 26 18 8 Kansas 20 20 Kentucky 26 3J 12 . . 10 Louisiana 20 2 IS Maine 12 . . 12 Maryland 16 . . 15* \ Massachusetts 36 3 33 Michigan 30 . . 30 Minnesota ' 24 24 Mississippi 20 Missouri 36 Montana 8 6 2 Nebraska 16 15 . . 1 Nevada .' . 6 . . 6 New Hampshire 8 3 5 New Jersey 28 12 12 . . 4 New Mexico : 8 8 New York 90 . . 90 North Carolina 24 9 15 North Dakota 10 10 Ohio 48 48 Oklahoma 20 10 10 Oregon 10 9 1 Pennsylvania 76 19 27 _ 30 Rhode Island 10 . . 10 South Carolina 18 . . 18 Dakota . . 10 10 588 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE BALLOT Xo. 2. H - States .and Territories 5 ^ 5 Tennessee ................... , .... 24 . . 24 Texas ............................ 40 40 Utah ............................. 8 6 2 Vermont ......................... 8 .. 8 Virginia ........................ 24 . . 24 Washington ....................... 14 14 Wt j st Virginia .................... .16 . . 15 1 Wisconsin ........................ 26 18 ' 2 6 Wyoming ........................ . 6 . . 6 Alaska ...... . .................... 6 3 3 District of Columbia ................ 6 . . 6 Hawaii ........................... 6 6 Porto Rico . 615 Total 386J 644A 12* 44p ; Total number of delegates, 1,088. Majority, 545. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: Xo candidate having received two thirds of the votes cast, the Secretary will call the roll for the third ballot. MR. WILLIAM HUGHES, of New Jersey: Mr. Chairman, I move that the nomination of Governor Marshall be made unanimous. MR. S. J. DOYLE, of Xorth Dakota: Mr. Chairman, on behalf of the delegation from Xorth Dakota I desire at this time to withdraw the name of John Burke as a candidate before this Convention for the office of Vice-President. I desire to say we have made the best fight we could; and when the campaign comes next fall all you have to do is to call on John Burke, and wherever he goes he will get Democratic votes. [Applause.] We believed he was the most available man here; the Convention thought differently, and bowing to the rule of the majority we second the motion to make the nomination of Governor Marshall unanimous. MR. WILL B. KING, of Oregon: I second the motion to make the nomination of Governor Marshall unanimous. The motion was tmanimoaaly agreed to. THE PERMANENT CHAIRMAN: I now declare Governor Thomas E. Marshall to be the unanimous choice of this Convention for Vice-President of the United s ! IKMOCI; ATio NATIONAL COXVKXTIOX 389 RESOLUTIONS. .MR. A. \V. McLK.xx, ol' X;-rth Carolina: Mr. Chairman, I desire to offer a short resolution. MR. E. J. CIUDINGS, of Oklah'ima: Mr. Chairman, I desire to offer a resolution. TUK l'RKsinix(; OFFICER: There arc a number of formal resolutions to 'he acted ujnin. It' the gentlemen will withhold their request until those resolutions have been acted upon, Hie (.'hair will entertain the request. DEATH OF DR. E. E. HILL. MR. KERN, of Indiana: Mr. Chairman, the Committee on Resolutions report a resolution concerning the deatli of one of the Alaska delegates, Dr. E. E. Hill. THE PRESIDING OFFICER : The Secretary will report the resolution. The resolution was read, as follous: WHEREAS, Xews has been received by the Alaska delegation to this Convention that Dr. E. E. Hill, member of the Alaska delegation as alternate, has died in Alaska during the sessions of the Convention, "Now be it resolved, That this Convention extends its sympathy to the relatives and friends of the deceased. ' ' THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The question is on agreeing to the resolution. The resolution was unanimously agreed to. CONFIRMATION OF COMMITTEES, ETC. MR. EMMETT O'NEAL, of Alabama, offered the following resolution, which was read and agreed to : "Itcsolrcd, That the various Committees selected by the several States as follows be confirmed by this Convention: National Committee, Committee on Credentials, Committee on Platform and Resolutions, Com- mittee on Rules and Organization, Committee on Permanent Organization, Committte to Xotify the President, Committee to Notify the Vice-Presi- dent, and the Honorary Vice Presidents of the Convention." THANKS TO THE NATIONAL COMMITTEE. MR. EARL BREWER, of Mississippi, offered the following resolution, which was read and unanimously agreed to: "Resolved, That the thanks of this Convention are due and hereby are tendered to Hon. Norman E. Mack, Chairman; Hon. Urey Woodson, Secretary, and their associates on the National Committee, for the able. efficient and impartial manner in which they have discharged their duties." 390 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE THANKS TO THE PEOPLE OF BALTIMORE, ETC. MK. JAMES E. MARTINE, of New Jersey, offered the following ivsu lution, which was read and unanimously agreed to: "Resolved, That we, the Democrats of the United States in Conven- tion assembled, take this opportunity to express our thanks to the Mayor and people of Baltimore for their magnificent courtesy, generosity and hospitality displayed toward the delegates of this Convention during their stay in this city. We believe that your splendid thrift and patriotism will be richly blessed and rewarded through a great victory to our country in the nomination and ratification of the Democratic nominee. Long prosper Baltimore. ' ' THANKS TO MAYOR PRESTON. MR. ROBERT HUDSPETH, of New Jersey, offered the following reso- lution, which was read and unanimously agreed to: "Resolved, That this Convention extend its hearty thanks to Hon. James A. Preston, Mayor of the City of Baltimore, for the great hos- pitality he has shown to the delegates and officials of this Convention, and for his untiring efforts to provide for their comfort and entertain- ment while guests of the beautiful city of which he is the Chief Executive. ' ' THANKS TO ROBERT GRAIN. MR. NORMAN A. MACK, of New York, offered the following resolu- tion, which was read and unanimously agreed to: ' ' Resolved, That this Convention extend its hearty thanks to Mr. Robert Grain, of the City of Baltimore, Chairman of the local Conven- tion Committee, for his untiring efforts in behalf of this Convention, and for his kindly and courteous treatment of our party representatives who have had the Convention arrangements in charge. Ever since Janu- ary 8th, the day on which the Democratic National Committee decided on Baltimore as the city in which this important Convention should be held, Mr. Grain has worked unceasingly to provide a magnificent Con- vention hall for the Convention and in direction of the many details necessary to perfect the Convention plans. How well he has succeeded is evident to all. For months Mr. Grain has been earnestly co-operating with the sub-committee of the Democratic National Committee, in charge of the Convention, and the sub committee had but to suggest to Mr. Grain what it wanted and its desires were immediately put into exeeu- , tion. No political party has ever before assembled in a Convention hiill where the general appointments for the comfort and convenience of the delegates, the party officials and the general public were as near perfection as they are in this Convention; and the one man to whom the credit belongs for the general excellence of the Convention hall arrange- ments and the Convention plans in general is Mr. Robert Grain, of Balti DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION 391 more, a citizen of -whom this beautiful and hospitable city should well be proud." THANKS TO THE POLICE DEPARTMENT OF BALTIMORE, ETC. ' MR. COLIN M. SELPH, of Missouri, offered the following resolution, which was unanimously agreed to : "Resolved, That the thanks of this Convention are extended and are due to Marshal Farnan and the entire police department of Baltimore for their uniform courtesy and protection given to the delegates and visitors of this Convention. ' ' , THANKS TO CONVENTION OFFICERS. MR. A. W. McLEAN, of North Carolina, offered the following reso- lution, which was read and unanimously agreed to: "Resolved, That the thanks of this Convention are hereby tendered to the Hon. Alton B. Parker, Temporary Chairman; the Hon. Ollie M. James, Permanent Chairman; the Hon. Edward E. Britton, Permanent Secretary; the Hon. Urey Woodsou, Associate Secretary; Hon. John I. Martin, Sergeant-at-Arms; Milton W. Blumenberg, Official Reporter; the Assistant Secretaries, and all other officers of the Convention for their efficient services." CHAIRMEN OF COMMITTEES TO NOTIFY NOMINEES FOR PRESIDENT AND VICE-PRESIDENT. MR. THOMAS TAGGART, of Indiana, offered the following resolution, which was read and agreed to: "Resolved, That the Permanent Chairman of this Convention, Hon. Ollie M. James, be appointed the Chairman of the Committee to notify Hon. Woodrow Wilson of his nomination for President, and that the Temporary Chairman of this Convention, Hon. Alton B. Parker, be appointed Chairman of the Committee to notify Hon. Thomas R. Marshal] of his nomination for A'ice-President. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COMMITTEE. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The Secretary will read the names of the new National Committee: The Secretary read the names of the National Committee as follows: Alabama AVm. Dorsey Jelks. Arizona Reese M. Ling. Arkansas W. M. Kavanaugh. California John B. San ford. Colorado Thos. J. McCue. Connecticut Homer S. Cummings. Delaware Willard Saulsburv. 392 OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE Florida John T. G. Crawford. Georgia Clark Howell. Idaho P. H. Elder. Illinois Chas. Boeschenstein. Indiana Thomas Taggart. Iowa M. J. Wade. Kansas Wm. F. Sapp. Kentucky John C. C. Mayo. Louisiana Bobt. Ewing. Maryland J. Fred C. Talbott. Maine E. L. Jones. Massachusetts John W. Coughlin. Michigan Edwin O. Wood. Minnesota F. B. Lynch. Mississippi Bobt. Powell. Missouri Edw. F. Goltra. Montana J. Bruce Kremer. Nebraska P. L. Hall. Nevada W. J. Bell. New Hampshire Eugene E. Beed. New Mexico A. A. Jones. New Jersey Robt. Hudspeth. Xew York Xoruian E. Mack. North Carolina Josephus Daniels. North Dakota John Brugger. Ohio E. H. Moore. Oklahoma Robt. Galbreth. Oregon Wm. R. King. Pennsylvania A. Mitchell Palmer. Rhode Island Geo. W. Greene. South Carolina B. R. Tillman. South Dakota Tom Sanborne. Tennessee R. E. L. Mountcastle. Texas Cato Sells. Utah Wm. B. Wallace. Vermont Thos. H. Browne. Virginia J. Taylor Ellyson. Washington John Pattison. West Virginia John T. McGraw. Wisconsin Jos. E. Davies. Wyoming John E. Osborne. Alaska A. J. Daly. District of Columbia John F. Costello. Hawaii John E. Wilson. Porto Bieo Henry W. Dooley. Philippine Islands B. E. Mauley. DsJlOOEATIC .\.\TIO\\I. CONVENTION NF.NT NATIONAL CONVENTION. MK. KixiKK ( '. Sri.i.iVAX. of Illinois. ofl'ered the following resolution. \vhi(.'li \v;is read ami agreed to: "Resolved, That the Deinocritic National Committee is hereby em- powered and directed to fix the time and place for holding the next National Convention, and that the representation therein be strictly limited in the matter of delegates and alternates to the exact repre- sentation of each State in the Congress of the United States; and as In Alaska. District of Columbia. Hawaii and Porto Rico, such representation as may be determined by the National Committee; and it is hereby e-pi cially and specifically provided that no State or Territory shall be entitled to any further representation on any basis other than that which represents two delegates with one vote each and their two alter- nates for each member of the House and Senate as to the States and such representation as may be provided by the National Committee in the case of Alaska. District of Columbia. Hawaii and Porto Rico." MKKTIXC OF DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COMMITTEE. Mi;. JOHN T. MeC-ttAW, of West Virginia, offered the following resolution, which was road and agreed to: " li> *(>}' 'I. That the Democratic National Committee be called to meet at such time and place after the adjournment of this Convention as may be selected by Norman E. Mack, Chairman of the National Committee. ' ' ADJOURNMENT. MR. Jonx J. FITZGERALD, of New York: Mr. Chairman, I move that the Convention adjourn without day. The motion was agreed to, and (at 1 o'clock and ">"> minutes a. m.. Wednesday. July 3, 1912) the Convention adjourned without day.^""-" APPENDIX .NOTIFICATION ADDKE.SS OF OLLIE M. JAMES, OF KENTUCKY. Delivered at Seagirt. Xe\v Jersey, August 7th, 1912. Governor Wilson: The Democracy of this Kepublic, assembled in Xa tional Convention at Baltimore on June 25, 1912, was truly representa- tive of the people of this country. They represented a political faith that was born with the Government itself and founded by the one who wrote the charter of our freedom. The Democratic party has lived through all the years since then to see the parties that battled against it die in the political arena in which they fought. And now we behold the Republican party, once militant, united and triumphant, now divided, torn and disheartened, presenting to the American people a disappearing and dissolving view; and in the melancholy reflection of its leaders we can almost hear them say, "What shall it profit a party if it gain all the trusts and lose the common people?" On the forty-sixth ballot, in perhaps the most memorable and epoch making Convention ever held in our political history, you were unani- mously nominated for President by the Democratic party amid great enthusiasm. Xo cry of a fraud-controlled Convention was heard, no charge of theft-made delegations was uttered, no bribery of delegates debauched that Convention, no con.bination or trade, no bosses' mandate was responsible for your nomination. But it came to you as untainted as the Nation's honor; it was the imbonght free voice and will of the- people's honestly selected delegates. There are no disgruntled Demo- Balking in their tents. The men who contended against you for this great prize, the loftiest political station in the world, take their de- feat like the brave and seasoned-soldiers they are, knowing that all could not achieve it, that the will of the people selected you. The Democratic party believes that you possess in splendid fullness those great attributes of constructive genius, inventive intellect and resistless will which so tvanscendantly befit you for the great undertaking for which your party hns commissioned you. As the Democracy has bestowed upon you its most exalted confidence by naming you for the highest office in the gift of your countrymen, they have done so with an abiding faith that your service to all the people by striving for 395 396 APPENDIX equal laws and equal opportunities and in justly apportioning their burdens will meet in full and rounded measure all their hopes and expectations. The principles for which our party fought and for which we fell in the last campaigns have so aroused the public conscience, so touched the popular heart, have become so strong with the masses of the people that they have drawn to the support of the Democratic party praetically all unselfish Americans and have divided into irreconcilable factions the hitherto victorious Eepublican party, which in the past triumphed by opposing them. The Democratic party is striving to give to all the people a government so just with laws so righteous that monopoly can find no hiding place and oppression no haven here, one that will make every citizen for his country a volunteer and every home a fortress against its invaders. \Vc want to approach as nearly as possible to that ideal individualism for which Kepublics were born, where the fruit of every man's toil can be enjoyed by his own family and every man's labor will inure to his own benefit. The safety and life of this Government, this free Bepublic, this home of constitutional liberty, rests at last not in its marching armies, nor its mighty navy, nor in its great wealth, but in its equal laws, its National honor, and in the ever-living truth that above cottage, hut and palace all alike the aegis of the Constitution rests, which is the spirit of justice, the greatest attribute of God. Great as is the honor of being President of this splendid Eepublic, yet the glory is not in the office, not in the fame of having held it, but in the service rendered to the people, by which the public servant is properly judged and that which makes immortal the names of those who hold it. And the people know you would not put the armor on if you did not hope and believe you would see a happier, more prosperous and a more contented people when you take it off. We all recognize the mighty task in front of you. Sixteen years of Eepublican rule have riveted the chains of monopoly, special privilege and greed upon every field of industrial and commercial endeavor, upon every market place, upon every avenue of trade. Trust and monopoly walk with arrogant and brutal tread, fixing with equal insolence and oppression the market of the buyer and the seller. The Bepublican party has taught the trusts that it only barks and never bites. Their prosecutions against these outlaws are but a signal to play a rising market, to drive higher the value of the stocks they own, to increase the prices of articles that they sell, and to grant greater dividends to those who are interested in them. The people call for a President, and they believe they have found him in you, wl:<> will not al.ne proceed in chancery against these men who defy the laws, win, oppress the people, who drive men. women and children 1o desperation ).. i-'-asnn of hunger, who deny them the necessaries of life by their monopo- listic prices, but one who will demand that the stripes of the felon AlTKNDIX 39? shall lie placed upon them, one who will give a vigorous and genuine democratic, people 's-rule enforcement to the criminal laws against male- factors of great wealth. It will take a giant for this task, a hero's heart, a soldier's courage . Democracy looked this Republic over, and with millions to choose from, selected you as the man. Xo general ever commanded in a greater con- test, the successful outcome of which will be prolific of so much good, or failure fraught with so much disaster. The people will be with you. They are going to give you a Congress in sympathy with our cause, which will stand ready to aid you in all patriotic endeavor. Tie? struggling masses everywhere, the toilers in field, simp and factory, those who make up the great electorate, will stand with you in this contest. The Democratic party is the friend of honest business, whether the business be big or little, and is striving to make it impossible for criminal business to destroy legitimate business and oppress the people. The party which held that you had the right by law to tax all the people to give a profit to the favored few, which was the utterance of the Republican national platform in 1908, undertook to put in operation in their Convention system the same principle by the Committee on Creden- tials giving a majority of votes to one of the candidates, which had been taken away from another one, in order that he might profit by having the nomination. And yet some of those who have been playing this system for the benefit of the special and favored few at the expense of the American people immediatelv severed their connection with the Repub- lican party and in their distress, defeat and dismay went to that Book which offers a remedy for every wrong, balm for every sorrow, and found to their surprise and delight a commandment uttered centuries ago, 'Thoii shalt not steal." This is not new doctrine to our party. We have heard it and demanded its application long ago, not only to Conventions, but to the beneficiaries of Convention platforms, to tariff taxes, to trusts and monopolies, the legitimate offspring of the protective tariff system; and if the Republican Convention held at Chicago had no other virtue it caused some of the participants to read the Ten Command- ments. That principle which has divided the Republican party upon practical application in Convention proceedings has caused the American people to come TO flie Democratic party, which says: "Thou shalt not steal by taxation, thou shalt not commission trusts and monopolies to steal by taxation.'' and the American people are allying themselves as never before with this party which believes that a tax is a Governmental agency and can be used only for Governmental purposes and collected by the Government itself, and not farmed out to favor-seeking and special privileged classes. The American people demand the extirpation of trusts and monopolies, not the plucking of a blossom here and yonder, but that the ax shall lie laid at the very foot of the tree of special privilege. They demand the application of a just system of taxation that shall meet the immediate and reasonable demands and needs of the 398 APPENDIX Government administered in economy and honesty, that no tax shall be laid either to protect monopoly or to allow them to plunder the people. And in answer to the tariff, trust-fed barons, who are demanding that the tariff shall be taken out of politics, when, they have secured rates higher than ever before, hiding behind each one of them a monopoly that feeds upon labor 's toil, we answer and say we will take the tariff out of politics when they take their larcenous hands out of the pockets of the American people. If elected, as now seems assured, it is our hope and belief that your name and administration will be embalmed in the hearts of the people and that history may record the great truth that you found your country ivith all the avenues of commerce", the arteries of trade, in the grasp of vicious monopoly, and that you left it free, untrammeled, unshackled by law-protected greed, and no longer dominated by privilege; that you, through your powerful talents and great genius, cast off the monopolies that hold chained the commerce of the country ; that you resisted the desperate stand of those money-changers and did so in triumph. A former President charges the present President with being friendly with certain trusts and failure to prosecute them; the present President charges the former President with being friendly with certain other trusts and failure to prosecute them. I have carefully examined the record of each of these gentlemen and T am entirely unable to find any- thing upon which to base a denial of either of their statements. What the people want, what they demand, is a President who will enforce the law to the utmost letter and prosecute all trusts; not one who is friendly with some and unfriendly with others, but a President friendly to the people and friendly to the law and unfriendly to no legitimate business, one who will draw the sword of justice and law against all monopoly. For they know the cost of living canrfot be reduced, relief cannot come to the people unless monopoly is destroyed. The people demand some- thing more than a President who is friendly with the good trusts, which usually mean those that divide their loot of the people with their cam- paign managers, and unfriendly with the bad trusts, generally those that refuse to contribute freely. The people know that all these in- dustrial pirates and monopolistic cormorants have grown up and have been fostered and encouraged by the Eepublican party during its control of the Government. The cost of living has been increased enormously during this time, and wages have practically stood still. No relief has come to the people, but we are told by the Eepublican party that if they are given further control of the Government they will do in the future what they have failed to do in the sixteen years of the past destroy their own creation. When the Democratic party passed tariff reduction measures so just that the Senate, controlled by the opposition party, could not resist their passage, offering to the people cheaper clothes, to the farmer and la I Mirer dioaper implements \\itli which to toil, cheaper meat and bread APPENDIX 399 to the hungry, reducing the cost of living greatly, privilege made its last desperate stand in the White House and won by reason of the President's veto of these righteous measures. The American people desire to turn the White House from a bulwark of privilege into a fortress of justice to the people. The people want one in control there who will nt resist the people 's will, but who will lead the fight upon their behalf. \rw Jersey two years ago was one of the most unprogressive States in the Union. Special privilege was strongly intrenched; public service agencies had become the masters of the people ; labor was burdened by laws not only archaic, but oppressive; ballot reform was badly needed; boss rule had both parties by the throat. The people of the great State were themselves really progressive; they wanted a voice to speak for them, a real fighter for the people 's rule. They selected you for the mighty task, nominated upon a platform calling for justice to the people. You were elected by them as their Governor. Now we behold New Jersey in the majesty and glory of self-government. In less than two years your master mind, your splendid leadership, your love of the people's rule, your belief that platform promises were to be faith fully carried out, a real bond of honor between the party and the people, broke the chains that bound New Jersey, and she stands today the re- deemed Commonwealth. The other States of the Union watched your struggle to free the people here, and now they are ready to call you to do for the whole Nation what you did for a single State, deliver the Gov- ernment into the hands of the people. A Committee composed of the Permanent Chairman of the Convention and one delegate from each State and Territory was appointed to inform you of your selection as the nominee of the Democratic party for Presi- dent of the United States and to request you to accept it, and the Con- vention did me the honor to make me Chairman of this Committee, charged with such a happy mission. Therefore, in compliance with the command of that Convention, this Committee performs that pleasing duty, and, as the appointed agent of that great National Democratic Convention, I hand you this formal letter of notification signed by the members of the Notification Commit- tee, accompanied by a copy of the platform adopted by the Convention, and upon that platform I have the honor to request your acceptance of the tendered nomination. And, upon behalf of the Democrats of the whole Republic, who are united, aggressive and militant, we pledge you their united and earnest support, and may God guide you to a glorious victory in November. RESPONSE OF WOODROW WILSON TO XOTIFICATIOX ADDRESS Delivered at Seagirt, Xe\s Jersey, August 7th. 1912. ^Ir. James and gentlemen of the Notification Committee: Speaking for the National Democratic Con volition, recently a^-se nbled at Baltimore, you have notified me of my nomination by the Democratic party for the high office of President of the United States. Allow me to thank you very warmly for the generous terms in which you have, through your distinguished Chairman, corn-eyed the notification, and for the thoughtful personal courtesy with which you have performed your in- teresting and important errand. Y I accept the nomination with a deep sense of its unusual significance and of the great honor done me, and also with a very profound sense of my responsibility to the party and to the Nation. You will expect me in. accepting the honor to speak very plainly the faith that is in me. You will expect me, in brief, to talk politics and open the campaign in words whose meaning no one need doubt. You will expect me to sj.eak to the country as well as to yourselves. / We cannot intelligently talk politics unless we know to whom we are talking and in what circumstances. The present circumstances are clearly unusual. No previous political campaign in our time has dis closed anything like them. The audience we address is in no ordinary temper. It is no audience of partisans. Citizens of every class and party and prepossession sit together, a single people, to learn whether we understand their life and know how to afford them the counsel and guid- ance they are now keenly aware that they stand in need of. We must speak, not to catch votes, but to satisfy the thought and conscience of a .people deeply stirred by the conviction that they have come to a critical turning point in their moral and political development. \Ve stand in the pr< sence of an a\\akened nation, impatient of partisan make-belief. The public man who does not realize the fact; and feel its stimulation must lie singularly unsusceptible to the influences that stir in every quarter about him. The nation has awakened to a sense of neglected ideals :>ml neglected duties; to a. consciousness that 1li<- rank and file of her people find life very hard to sustain, that her young men find opportunity embarrassed, and that her older men find business dillicult to renew and maintain, because of circumstances of privilege and private nd\antage which have interlaced their subtle threads throughout almost every part of the t'rame\\i.rk of our presoin law. She lias awakened to the knowledge that she iias lost certain cherished liberties and wi.slrd priceless resources which she ha. I solemnly 400 APPENDIX 401 undertaken to hold in trust for posterity and for all mankind; and to I he conviction that she stands confronted with an occasion for construc- tive statesmanship such as has not arisen since the great days in which her government was set up. Plainly, it is a new age. The tonic of such a time is very ex- hilarating. It requires self-restraint not to attempt too much, and yet it would be cowardly to attempt too little. The path of duty, soberly and bravely trod, is the way to service and distinction, and many adventurous feet seek to set put upon it. Tlieiv never was a time when impatience and suspicion were more keenly aroused by private power selfishly employed; when jealousy of everything conr.'aled or touched with any purpose not linked with general good, or inconsistent with it, more sharply or immediately displayed itself. Xor was the country ever more susceptible to unselfish appeals or to the high arguments of sincere justice. These are the unmistakable symp- toms of an awakening. There is the more need for wise counsel be- cause the people are so ready to heed counsel if it be given honestly and in their interest. It is in the broad light of this new day that we stand face to face with what? Plainly, not with questions of party, not with a contest for office, not with a petty struggle for advantage, Democrat against .Re- publican, liberal against conservative, progressive against reactionary. With great questions of right and of justice, rather questions of national development, of the development of character and of stand- ards of action no less than of a better business system, more free, more equitable, more open to ordinary men, practicable to live under, tolerable to work under, or a better fiscal system whose taxes shall not come out of the pockets of the many to go into the pockets of the few, and within whose intricacies special privilege may not so easily find covert. The forces of the nation are asserting themselves against every form of special privilege and private control, and are seeking bigger things than they have ever heretofore achieved. They are sweeping away what is unrighteous in order to vindicate once more the essential rights of human life; and, what is very serious for us, they are looking to us for guidance, disinterested guidance, at once honest and fearless. At such a time, and in the presence of such circumstances, what is the meaning of our platform, and what is our responsibility under it? What are our duty and our purpose? The platform is meant to show that we know what the nation is thinking about, what it is most con- cerned about, what it wishes corrected, and what it desires to see at- tempted that is new and constructive and intended for its long future. But for us it is a very practical document. We are now about to ask the people of the United States to adopt our platform ; we are about to ask them to entrust us with office and power and the guidance of their atl'airs. Thev will wish to know what sort of men we are and of whar 402 APPENDIX definite purpose; what translation of action and of policy we intend to give to the general terms of -the platform which the Convention at Baltimore put forth, should we be elected. , The platform is not a programme. A programme must consist of measures, administrative acts, and acts of , .legislation. The proof of the, pudding is the eating thereof. How do we intend to make it edible and digestible? From this time on we shall be under interrogation. How do we expect to handle each of the great matters that must be taken up by the next Congress and the next Administration? What is there to do? It is hard to sum the great task up, but ap- parently this is the sum of the matter: There are two great things to do. One is to set up the rule of justice and of right in such matters as the tariff, the regulation of the trusts and the prevention of monopoly, the adaptation of our banking and currency laws to the varied uses to which our people must put them, the treatment of those who do the daily labor in our factories and mines and throughout all of our great industrial and commercial undertakings, and the political life of the people of the Philippines, for whom we hold governmental power in trust, for their service is not our own. The other, the additional duty, is the great task of protecting our people and our resources and of keeping open to the whole people the doors of opportunity through which they must, generation by generation, pass if they are to make conquest of their fortunes in health, in freedom, in peace and in con- tentment. In the performance of this second great duty we are face to face with questions of conservation and of development, questions of forests and water powers and mines and waterways, o'f the building of an adequate merchant marine, and the opening of every highway and facility and the setting up of every safeguard needed by a great, indus- trious, expanding nation. These are all great matters upon which everybody should be heard. We have got into trouble in recent years chiefly because these large things, which ought to have been handled by taking counsel with as large a num- ber of persons as possible, because they touched every interest and the life of every class and region, have in fact been too often handled in private conference. They have been settled by very small, and often deliberately exclusive groups of men who undertook to speak for the whole nation, or, rather for, themselves in the terms of the whole nation very honestly it may be, but very ignorantly sometimes, and very short sightedly, too a poor substitute for genuine common counsel. No group of electors, economic or political, can speak for a people. They have neither the point of view nor the knowledge. Our difficulty is not that wicked and design- ing men have plotted against us, but that our common affairs have been determined upon too narrow a view, and by too private an initiative. Our task now is to effect a great readjustment and get the forces of the whole people once more into play. We need no revolution ; we need APPENDIX 403 no excited change; we need only a new point of view and a new method and spirit of counsel. We are servants of the people, the whole people. The nation has been unnecessarily, unreasonably at war within itself. Interest has clashed with interest when there were common principles of right and of fair dealing which might and should have bound them all together, not as rivals, but as partners. As the servants of all, \ve are bound to undertake the great duty of accommodation and adjustment. We cannot undertake it except in a spirit which some find it hard to understand. Some people only smile when you speak of yourself as a servant of the people; it seen s to them like affectation or mere dem- agoguery. They ask what the unthinking crowd knows or comprehends of great complicated matters of government. They shrug their shoulders and lift their eyebrows when you speak as if you really believed in Presidential primaries, in the direct election of United States Senators, and in an utter publicity about everything that concerns Government, from the sources of campaign funds to the intimate debate of the highest affairs of state. They do not. or will not, comprehend the solemn thing that is in your thought. You know as well as they do that there are all sorts and conditions of men the unthinking mixed with the wise, the reckless with the prudent, the unscrupulous with the fair and 'honest and yo\] know what they sometimes forget, that every class, without exception, affords a sample of the mixture, the learned and the fortunate no less than the uneducated and the struggling mass. But you see more than they do. You see that these multitudes of men, mixed of every kind and quality, constitute somehow an organic and noble whole, a single people, and that they have interests which no man can privately deter- mine without their knowledge and counsel. That is the meaning of representative government itself. Representative government is nothing more nor less than an effort to give voice to this great body through spokesmen chosen out of every grade and class. You may think that I am wandering off into a general disquisition that has little to do with the business in hand; but I am not. This is business business of the deepest sort. It will solve our difficulties if you will but take it as business. See how it makes business out of the tariff question. The tariff question, ?.s dealt with in our time at any rate, has not been business. It has been politics. Tariff schedules have been made up for the pur- pose of keeping as large a number as possible of the rich and influen- tial manufacturers of the country in a good humor with the Republican party, which desired their constant financial support. The tariff has become a system of favors, which the phraseology of the schedule was often deliberately contrived to conceal. It becomes a matter of business, of legitimate business, only when the partnership and understanding it represents is between the leaders of Congress and the whole people of 404 APPENDIX the United States, ir stead of between the leaders of Congress and small groups of manufacturers demanding special recognition and con- sideration. . That is why the general idea of representative government becomes' a necessary part of the tariff question. Who, when you conn 1 down to the hard facts of the matter, have been represented in recent years when our tariff schedules were being discussed and determined, not- on the floor of Congress, for that is not where they have been determined, but in the committee rooms and conferences? That is the heart of the whole affair. Will you, can you, bring the whole people into the part- nership or not? No one is discontented with representative government; it falls under question only when it ceases to be representative. It is at bottom a question of good faith and morals. How does the present tariff look in the light of it? I say. nothing for the moment about the policy of protection, conceived and carried out as a disinterested statesman might conceive it. Our own clear conviction as Democrats is, that in the last analysis the only safe and .legitimate object of tariff duties, a-s of taxes of every other kind, is to raise revenue for the support of the Government ; but that is not my present point. We denounce the Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act as the most conspicuous example ever afforded the country of the special favors and monopolistic advantages which the leaders of the Republican party have so often shown themselves willing to extend to those to whom they looked for campaign contributions. Tariff duties, as they have employed them, have not been a means of setting up an equitable system of protection. They have been, on the contrary, a method of fostering special privilege. They have made it easy to establish monopoly in our domestic markets. Trusts have owed their origin and their secure power to them. Tho economic freedom of our people, our prosperity in trade, our untram meled energy in manufacture, depend upon our reconsideration from top to bottom in an entirely different spirit. We do not ignore the fact that the business of a country Uke ours is exceedingly sensitive to changes in legislation of this kind. It has been built up, however ill-advisedly, upon tariff schedules written in the way I have indicated, and its foundations must not be too radically or too suddently disturbed. When \ve act, we should act with caution and prudence, like men who know what they are about, ami not like these in love with a theory. It is obvious that the chants we make should be 7i'ade only at a rate and in such a way as will leas' interfere \\ilh 1 he i.or.nal :ind healthful couise of commerce and manu- fact'.nc. I Inl \\e shall not on that account act with timidity, as if we did nol know our own minds, for we are certain of our ground :im! of our object. There shmld In- ;in mimedjale revision, and it should lie downward, unh< silat iugly and steadily downward. II should begin \\itli the schedules which have IK en most obviouslv AlTi-MMX 405 ijsi'il to kill competition :iml io raise prices in the I'uited States. arbi- trarily and without regard to the pi ices pertaining elsewhere in tho markets of the world; and it should, before it is finished or inter- mitted, Lo extended to e\ery item in e\ery schedule which affords any oj>] ortunity for monopoly, for special advantage to limited grouj s of beneficiaries, or for
    < mparatively small bodies of men, who can determine almost at pleasure whether there shall be competi- tion or not. The Nation as n nation has grown iinmei.sely rich. She is justly proud of her industries and of the genius of her men of affairs. They cap master anything they set their minds to, and we have been 406 APPENDIX / greatly stimulated under their leadership and command. Their laurel* are many and very green. We must accord them the great honors that are their due and we must preserve what they have built up for us. But what of the other side of the picture? It is not as easy for us to live as it used to be. Our money will not buy as much. High wages, even when we can ger them, yield us no great comfort. We used to be better off with less, because a dollar could buy so much more. The majority of us have been disturbed to find ourselves growing poorer, even though our earnings were slowly increasing. Prices climb faster than we can push our earnings up. Moreover, we begin to perceive some things about the movement of prices that concern us very deeply, and fix our attention upon the tariff schedules with a more definite determination than ever to get tu the bottom of this matter. We have been looking into it, at trials held under the Sherman Act and in investigations in the committee rooms of Congress, where men who wanted to know the real facts have been busy with inquiry; and we begin to ste very clearly what at least some of the methods are by which prices are fixed. We know that they are not fixed by the competitions of the market, or by the ancient law of supply and demand which is to be found stated in aJl the primers- of economies, but by private arrangements with regard to what the supply should be and agreenieiits among the producers themselves. Those who buy are not even represented by counsel. The high cost of living i& arranged by private understanding. We naturally ask ourselves, how did these gentlemen get control of these things? Who handed our economic laws over to them for legisla- tive and contractual alteration? We have in these disclosures still another view of the tariff, still another proof that, not the people of the United States, but only a very small number of them have been part- ners in that legislation. Those few have learned how to control tariff legislation, and as they have perfected their control they have consoli- dated their interests. Men of the same interest have drawn together; have united their enterprises and have formed trusts; and trusts can control prices. Up to a certain point (and only up to a certain point) great combinations effect great economies in administration, and in- crease efficiency by simplifying and perfecting organization; but, whether they effect economies or not ; they can very easily determine prices by intimate agreement, so soon as they come to control a sufficient per- centage of the product in any great line of business; and we now know that they do. I am not drawing up an indictment against anybody. This is the natural history of such tariffs as are now contrived, as it is the natural history of all governmental favors and of all licenses to use the Govern ment to help certain groups of individuals along in life. Nobody in particular, I suppose, is to blame, and I am not interested just now APPENDIX 407 in blaming anybody; I am simply trying to point out what the situa- tion is, in order to suggest what there is for us to do, if we would serve the country as a whole. The fact is, that the trusts have been formed, have gained all but complete control of the larger enterprises of the country, have fixed prices and fixed them high so that profits might be rolled up that were thoroughly worth while, and that the tariff, with its artificial protection and stimulations, gave them the opportunity to do these things, and has safeguarded them in that opportunity. The trusts do not belong to the period of infant industry. They are not the products of the time, that old laborious time, when the great continent we live on was undeveloped, the young nation struggling to find itself and get upon its feet amidst older and more experienced competitors. They belong to a very recent and very sophisticated age, when men knew what they wanted and knew how 7 to get it by the favor of the Government. It is another chapter in the natural history of power and of governing classes. The next chapter will set us free again. There will be no flavor of tragedy in it. It will be a chapter of readjustment, not of pain and rough disturbance. It will Avitness a turning back from what is ab normal to what is normal. It will see a restoration of the laws of trade, which are the laws of competition and of unhampered oppor- tunity, under which men of every sort are set free and encouraged to enrich the nation. I am not one of those who think that competition can be established by law against the drift of a world-wide economic tendency; neither am I one of those who believe that business done upon a great scale by a single organization call it corporation, or what you will is necessarily dangerous to the liberties, even the economic liberties, of a great people like our own, full of intelligence and of indomitable energy. I am not "afraid of anything that is normal. I dare say we shall never return to the old order of individual competition, and that the organization of business upon a great scale of co-operation is, up to a certain point, itself normal and inevitable. Power in the hands of great business men does not make me appre- hensive, unless it springs out of advantages which they have not created for themselves. Big business is not dangerous because it is big, but be- cause its bigness is an unwholesome inflation created by privileges and exemptions which it ought not to enjoy. While competition cannot be created by statutory enactment, it can in large measure be revived by changing the laws and forbidding the practices that killed it, and by enacting laws that will give it heart and occasion again. We can arrest and prevent monopoly. It has assumed new shapes and adopted new processes in our time, but these are now being disclosed and can be dealt with. The general terms of the present Federal Ant i- Trust Law, forbidding "combinations in restraint of trade'' have apparently proven ineffectual. 408 API-KXDIX Trusts have grown up under its l>an very luxuriantly, and have pursue.! the methods by which so many of them have- established virtual monopo- lies without serious let or hindrance. It iias roared against them like, any suckling dove. I am not assessing the responsibility, 1 am merri> stating the fact. But the means and methods by which trusts have established monopolies have now become known. It will be necessary to supplement the present law with such laws, both civil and criminal, as will effectually punish and prevent : methods, adding such other laws as may be necessary to provide suitabl- and adequate judicial processes, whether civil or criminal, to disclo.-,,- tln-m and follow them to final verdict and judgment. They must be specifically and directly met by law as they develop. But the problem and the difficulty are much greater than that. There are not merely great trusts and combinations which are to be con- trolled and deprived of their power to create monopolies and destroy rivals, there is something bigger still than they are and more subtle, more evasive, more difficult to eleal with. There are vast confederacies (as I may perhaps call them for the sake of convenience) of banks. railways, express companies, insurance companies, manufacturing corpora tions, mining corporations, power and development companies and all the rest of the circle, bound together by the fact that the ownership of their stock and the members of their boards of directors are controlled and determined by comparatively small anel closely inter-related grouj s of persons who, by their informal confederacy, may control, if they please and when they will, both credit and enterprise. There is nothing illegal about these confederacies, so far as I can perceive. They have come about very naturally, generally without plan or deliberation, rather because there was so much money to be invested and it was in the hands, at great financial centers, of men acquainted with one another and intimately associated in business, than because anyone had conceived and was carrying out a plan of general control ; biit they are none the le^s potent a force in our economic and finan- cial system on that account. They are part of our problem. Their very existence gives rise to the suspicion of a "money trust," a concentration of the control of credit which may at any time become infinitely. elangerous to free enterprise. If such a concentration and control does not actually exist, it is evident that it can easily be set up and used at will. Laws must be devised which will prevent this, if laws can be worked out by fair and free counsel that will accomplish that result without 'destroying or seriously embarrassing any sound or legitimate business undertaking or net-ess .-iry and wholesome arrangement. Let me say again, that what we are- seeking is not destruction of any kind, nor the disruption of any sound or honest thing, but merely the rule of right and of the common advantage. T am happy to say that :\ new spirit has begun to show itself in the last year or t\\o among in APPENDIX 409 flueiitial men of business, and. what is perhaps even more significant, among the lawyers who are their expert advisers; and that this spirit has displayed itself very notably in the last few months in an effort to return, in some degree at any rate, to the practices of genuine competition. Only a very little while ago our men of business were united in resisting every proposal of change and reform as an attack on business, an embarrassment to all large enterprise, an intimation that settled ideas of property were to be set ;isiy flourished like a grove of green bay trees. r.y liiii;), according to a speech of Senator LaFollette, four billion do'lais' worth of trusts had grown to almost thirty-two billions, and the hundred and forty-nine trusts had increased sn that there were ten thousand and twenty plants in combination in the United States. We need not discuss the responsibility for that. The Republican party is solely responsible. Do you ask me why it permitted this great wrong .' What was the consideration? All men in public place, be sure, prefer to do the bidding of the Naturally eveiy human being holding public office, if he has any heart or conscience at all, prefers to do what is right by the people. But the Republican party leaders say that their great support and strength was in the captains of industry. That support meant more than a vote apiece. It meant the backing of certain portions of the press that were at their heck and call. Tt meant co-operation of the leaders of finance in every direction. It meant that in an election vast armies of employes would be assured by the real beneficiaries of the tariff that bread and butter depended upon the success of the party which protected the industries from which they received their wages. ' Last and most important, that support meant that the Republican at ion would receive a goodly sum of money in every congressional and national campaign to help maintain the supremacy of organized privilege tin (High a subsidized party. Why, only last week an ex-Repub- lican chairman of the State of New York testified before a Senate com- mittee that in a certain campaign his State Committee, for his State alone, received seven hundred thousand dollars in money, and that a half million of that amount had been paid to him directly by the National Committee of his party. 420 APPENDIX , What did they do with these enormous % campaign funds? We need not stop to discuss that. Adams County, Ohio, and its forty per cent of bribed voters com- pletely answers the question. We all know the same condition has existed elsewhere, if not the same percentage. So well was this condition known that there was scarcely any sur- prise manifested when it was disclosed that even a President of the United States had not hesitated to summon another practical man a distinguished railroad fhiam-ier to a conference which bore fruit in the sinn of $240,000. Where are you going to get relief from these intolerable conditions? ('an you ex| oct relief from the Republican paity? No : you know you cannot. Did not that party tell you in 190S that it would revise the tariff? All the people know that the tariff was not reduced, on the average. There were some rates lowered and some elevated, but alto- gether all friends Vert still taken care of. We cannot trust the Republican party to change its record. Xor can we trust its nominee. If he were elected with a Republican Congress, they would pay no attention to him. When the Payne-Aldrich bill was passed he pleaded with them to keep faith with the people. But his party would not do it. The interests, the beneficiaries of the tariff, the trusts, demanded their pound of flesh from the Republican party, and they received it. Though he should be elected and his party go into office with him, they would not allow him to do anything. They would sit on him just as they did before. Would he do anything if he could f It is doubtful. Has he not vetoed every tariff bill passed by a Democratic House and a combination of Democrats and Republicans in the Senate? His excuse is that his Tariff Board knows more about the tariff than Congress. Well, under our constitution Congress is the body to revise the rates and not a Tariff Board. And again I deny that this Tariff Board possesses anywhere near the fund of knowledge possessed by those great Democrats in Con- gress who for years have been studying the tariff men who under the leadership of Speaker Clark and Leader Underwood have made a record for the people and-for the Democratic party in the last two years, which alone should win us this campaign. Now certainly there is no perfectly sane and completely sober man who has any idea that the man who created the Progressive party and nominated himself for President has any intention of giving the people any relief from tariff duties. During an incumbency of seven y<.-ir- and a half not a word did he utter in behalf of a reduction of tariff rates. He preached a-plenty. He invited the attention of the _ people of the United States in .-very direction under Heaven in which nothing could be done. To the tariff statute, bearing down heavily upon the people, but supporting the trusts, where attention and correction could result in real financial relief; to that very fountain-head of the APPENDIX 421 corruption which w:is slowly but surely destroying the best and highest int crests of this country did he turn their attention there? No; not by one word. And now under his gentle guardianship the tariff, as ever lii't'ore, would be safe from assault. ruder his protecting care the trusts too would be safe from all injury. He would permit no hurt to come to them. During seven and a half years of his fostering care seven-eighths in capitalization of all the trusts in the I'nited States came into existence so we are assured by Senator LaKollette and the number of them increased from 149 to 10,200. He could have slaughtered them had he cared to. There was an abundance of ammunition in the law. It has been found possible since to hunt them. Kven the Republican in the White House knows how. Why. he now has but to point a gun up the tree and they come down. And no new laws have been found necessary. There never was any trouble about the law. We had ever an abundance of law. What we lacked was a man in power willing to protect the people from the assaults of these hungry trusts. We have had some recent evidence that this fauual naturalist had no cruel designs on these beasts of prey. A little bit of truth did leak out while the great battle was on for the Republican nomination. Then we learned that about the first of November, 1907, the weak and pliant Attorney General was about to prosecute a suit against the Harvester Trust for its dissolution. But a few minutes of confidential explanation from the man ivho is reputed now to be furnishing the ammunition for the battle of Armageddon persuaded the then President to write a letter to his Attorney General, which stopped the suit. And the Harvester Trust is going yet. That friendly contest which culminated at Chicago was replete with sallies and playful banter that added much to our gayety and our information. It was then we learned that it took but twenty minutes of heart-to-heart talk to persuade the President to smilingly acquiesce in the swallowing by the Steel Trust of its greatest rival, the Tennessee Coal and Iron Company. We had already been assured by the present administration that the representatives of the Steel Trust did at that time in vulgar parlance "put one over" on our ex-President. But that is another -story. It is fair to assume that the then Attorney General was restrained in more cases than these. But these were quite enough. Thus helped, these "good trusts" passed the word to their neighbors, "Why, you need not be afraid; press on. We have a friend at court." We have no assurance from this trust conservor, in his Confessiom of Faith, that he has changed his mind about the trusts. He does not tell us now that he is going to curb them. He says they ought to be regu- lated. Well, the gigantic corporate interests of this country in com- bination are desirous of federal regulation and control. They are quite 422 APPENDIX to take their chance of most of the time running the govern rnent. They anticipate {hat such regulation will be of the sort the, Steel Trust had when it was permitted to absorb the Tennessee Coal and Iron Company.. That is, they expect to secure in advance executive O. K. for all their pet schemes and be thus assured that there will be no sub- sequent interference and no day of judgment. It is so much easier to secure executive approval on an unsworn statement of selected facts than to secure a favorable judgment in court where all these facts musl be brought out under oath and sifted by cross-examination. Financiers have testified in the investigation of the Steel Corporation that they were in favor of regulation. There is a reason that he who runs may read. Be assured then that if this friendly protector of the Harvester Trust and the Steel Trust and the other "good trusts" should be Presi- dent again he would never lift his finger to curb the combinations, and be assured that in this campaign he will receive from some of them at. least his full share of support. There is a direction, my fellow citizens, in which the people of the United States may turn for relief. Not to the Eepublican party ; not to . the Progressive party; but to the Democratic party, which has a record of reduction of the tariff before the war from 32 per cent to 25 per cent and then to 20 per cent. There were in those days ho combinations to restrain trade; there were no trusts; there was no partnership between government and business. Again the people of the United States have this assurance: \W present to them the record of a Congress of the United States, a Demo- cratic Congress, elected by, the people after the fraud of 1908 had been perpetrated by the Eepublican party. With that record we may go before the people of the United States and say, ' ' Here is the evidence of the will, the power and the intelligence to serve the people of the United States as they ought to be served. ' ' Aye, and one thing more: We have nominated for President and Vice-President of the United States men whose lives from their cradles up are each an open book men whose lives should and will convince every human being in the United States that if the great power of tin so two great offices be conferred upon these men, they will, God help- ing them, serve the people, as they have promised. Governor Marshall, the great Democracy of the United States, in convention assembled at Baltimore, after nominating for the office of President of the United States that eminent Democrat and scholar, that able statesman and tried public servant, Wcodrow Wilson, unanimously. sir, chose you as most worthy to be his associate. Your nomination, sir, was made amid great enthusiasm, and with full appreciation on the part of every delegate present, that your ability, your cli;ivacler, your valued public services, made your name such an addition to the ticket, as that it became perfectly symmetrical, abso- lutely invincible. APPENDIX 23 The Democratic National Convention, too, sir, selected a committee representing every state and territory in the Union, and honored me by making me its chairman, and sent us here, sir, to tender to you, in its behalf, the nomination for the great office of Vice-President of the United States. Moreover, sir, by all the people of these United States connected with the Democratic party, and of many Avho are not, your nomination has been accepted with such great enthusiasm, and with such indications of complete confidence, that in their behalf, as well as in behalf of the National Convention, whose servants we are, we, the members of the committee, not only tender to you the nomination, but mcst respectfully, sir, beg you to accept it for the sake of the party which homns and loves you, as well as for the sake of the people who, in our judgment, will call upon your associate and you to serve them. RESPONSE OF THOMAS R. MARSHALL To NOTIFICATION ADDRESS Delivered at Indianapolis, Ind., August 20, 1912. Judge Parker and Gentlemen of the Notification Committee: Per- mit me to say that it is not my purpose on this occasion to present details. I wish merely to present some general observations clothed in home-spun language in the belief that they may be of value in fixing the opinion and determining the conduct of the intelligent voter this year. Try as we may to separate the religious from the civic, the fact yet remains that good government has in it an element of morality. Neither constitutions, nor laws, nor ordinances, can completely divorce civil government from religious sentiment. There are periods in the history of a people when the conflict between the good and the bad may involve almost all of the commandments. There is rarely a conflict in which at least the one commandment against covetousness does not become an issue, and this campaign is no exception to the rule. It will be well for the voter to clear up some hazy definitions. We have for many years been entertaining a belief founded upon no fact whatever, that Democracy and Republicanism represent different ideas of government. The Republican has looked upon the Democrat as a man opposed to the government. The Democrat has looked upon the Republican as a man opposed to the people 's rule and in favor of aristocratic sway. It is time for us to remember that Democracy is not a system of government. Indeed, Democracy may find its exprr ssion in any one of numerous systems. The rule of the people is not essentially rule by the people. By their votes, even when Democracy has unfolded to full manhood suffrage, the people may have a monarchical form of government. The people's rule does not depend upon the number of votes nor necessarily upon the system of government under which they vote. Good or bad government must go back to good or bad citizenship, to intelligent or ignorant, to honest or dishonest electors. I venture the assertion that if the electoral franchise were now granted to all the citizens of Russia, the Little Father would again be crowned in I VI or 's City. American Democracy in its purity was intended to mean, and I helieve does me;m, something more than voting, something more than 424 APPENDIX tin^r officers. Like tlie sunlight, we cannot see it, yet we cannot see without it. And like the sunlight, it has not only bathed this Republic in a sea of beauty and glory but it has wanned and nurtured every fruitaye planted in the garden of universal brotherhood. American Democracy does not depend upon caste or creed or con- dition, upon race or color, upon wealth ^or poverty, upon success or failure. But uneriingly, it does depend upon the inner life of the individual citizen. It is an inspiration and an aspiration. It does not always depend i.poii the ticket which a man votes. It does dop.-nd alwavs upon the motive back of the ballot. The historic Democratic party of America had its inspiration and its aspiration in the life and conduct of its great founder. It is time now to have a perfect concept of that Democracy, for in recent years we have divided ourselves into three classes and the classifica- tion lias been made i.ot by the heart-throbs of men but by their social condition. We have those who are immeasurably rich and who are looking for more, and we have those who are unutterably poor and who are growing poorer. Between these extremes, we have a great middle class, living well and reasonably content except for the uiiceitainty of not knowing whether they are to rise into the first class or sink into the third. .\iany have assumed that only the unutterably poor and those sinking into that class were Democrats, and that the immeasurably iich and the climleis were Republicans. But these divisions have not Veen logical. It was not the outward and visible which marked the inward and spiritual of Thomas Jefferson. Born of the bluest 1 lood in the Old Dominion, and accustomed as gentleman, scholar, diplomat and statesman, to all the luxuries of his generation, he was the man who declared that all men were, created equal and that all weie endowed with certain inalienable rights, such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Kvru to his dying hour this seeming aris- tocrat had not a single heart-throb which was not in unison with the heart-throbs of his fellowmen. His great opponent in statecraft spiring; from a lineage so lowly as to be unknown. With none of the advantages of either fortune or family, Hamilton believed in hanging on princes' favors and in catering to the chosen few. At its 1 est, human nature is weak. The cares of the world and the deci -itfulncss of riches oft times stitie generous impulses. Great crises art> necessary to awaken many men to their sense of duty. It was because 1 thought a crisi> to be at hand that four years ago 1 made the statement that eighty per cent of the people of Indiana were Democrats at heart even though they did not know it. I now or large that statement and declare that eighty per cent of the entire country believe in the historic Democracy of Thomas Jefferson. This campaign is going to rid the Democratic party of every man who does 426 APPENDIX not believe in its principles and is going to add to the party's ranks, I hope, every man who does believe in them. . Men have allowed their personal interests, ambitions and preju- dices to sway their political conduct and consequently this great body of American citizens, thinking alike and feeling alike at heart, has never been united under one banner to fight for the common rights of common humankind. The strength of those determined to give every man his chance in life, unhampered and unaided by legislative enactment, and to strike down every species of special privilege inuring to the benefit of a few; of those like-minded in their view that government is a necessity and not a luxury, and that business should have its large opportunity for success, but that this govern- ment was made for men, not corporations; for principles, not interests; and of those with sufficient courage and fortitude to drive the money- changers from the temple of our national life, has been impoverished by desertions due to personal. interests, ambitions and prejudices. This campaign calls upon some for justice, upon others for charity, upon all for patriotism. It does not call for the bandying of epithets nor for an appeal to the personal. We may safely leave to that senile dementia which has seized the so-called Eepublican party the personalities of this campaign. Its unfitness to rule the Republic is disclosed by its inability to keep its temper. It was cohesive so far as its leadership was concerned while it was engaged in looting the public, but even its leaders are now disorganized while quarreling over the loot. As for the party's bosses, the improper influences in American political life are about equally divided between them. Everywhere, "Boss" Barnes is crossing swords with "Boss" Flinn, and their charges and countercharges disclose greatness only when we apply Emerson's statement: "Consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds. ' ' How comes it that we have reached such a condition of affairs in American life that the party in power is rent in twain, that boss is charging boss with knavery, crookedness and dishonesty, and that each faction is claiming an exclusive patent upon honesty and patriot- ism while avowing that the success of the other would spell irrepara- ble ruin for the public? And more particularly, how comes this to pass under a Eepublican system of government consisting of co-ordinate branches to which were ceded by the people none of their inalienable rights, but only such powers as were thought to be needful to redress the wrongs, preserve the rights and keep unshackled the moral, intellectual and physical forces of mankind? Though a majority of the people have been voting the Eepublican ticket and have been assuming thereby that the majority would rule, the disgraceful but purifying scenes which have been enacted recently in Republican conventions disclose that a large number of those who have been voting the Republican ticket are Democrats at heart. APPENDIX 42? Tin se scenes disclose further that we have been mistaken' in some of our conclusions touching government in America. We have yielded a quiet assent to the proposition that a majority is all-powerful and that a minority has no rights which a majority is bound to respect. But now we know that the theory of the historic Democratic party, that it is the right of a majority to rule but only within constitu- tional limitations and without the usurpation of a single inalienable right of a single individual, is correct. It is only when majorities thus rule that governmental machines move without friction. The right of a majority to thus rule must always be conceded. I wonder, however, if i has dawned upon the sober second thought of this people that it is possible for a majority to be a minoiity ami that it is equally possible for a minority to be a majority. At first tlush, it would seem that the officials elected by the plurality of votes become the representatives of the majority and that as such they ryle. But I am not in error when I declare that it is not the mere number of votes which determines a majority in America, in the sense of having the power to formulate the policy, enact the legislation and control the government, and I point to the election of 1908 for pi oof. The protest of every man who voted for President Taft and who is now dissatisfied with the President's management of public affairs proves that for four years a minority lias been the majority in America. At the risk of offending the sensi- bilities of the Republican who voted for President Taft only to be dissatisfied with his administration, I am going to tell him that he is one of the men I counted in making eighty per cent of the voters ut' this country members of the historic Democratic party. His present protest against the result of his ballot reveals his belief that it is not the business of government to grant, under the guise of taxation, to any class of citizens or to any member of society special privi- leges which are not granted to ever}- other class and to every other member of society. The social condition which we call Democracy and which finds its avenue of expression at the polls through our party, is unalterably opposed to special privilege whether granted by the law or seized by ruthless ambition. It is true the mother of all special privilege is the high protective tariff. All who voted the Democratic ticket at the last presidential election were unalterably opposed to this system of unjust taxation and a sufficient number of those who voted the Republican ticket were likewise convinced of its iniquity to make an overwhelming majority against it. Save a favored few, all were agreed that relief, to a greater or less extent, should be afforded to the people from the unjust tractions of this system. All knew that we cmild not educate the people of America indiscriminately, enlarge their views of life and happiness and then by the high cost of living deprive them of their pleasures without making of American life a 428 APPENDIX seething caldron of discontent. Theoretically speaking, therefore, the majority of votes, having put a party in power upon a platform^. pledged to relievo the people of these burdens, has been ruling under constitutional limitations. But this is not so. Immediately after the election the minority became the majority in the sense that it assumed control of legislation with reference to special privilege. All the members of the Democratic party and all the protesting members of the Republican party have been in the minority when it came to counting votes where the count fixed the cost of living. It may be said that this is a mere accident of politics, a single illustration, and that it will not occur again. But it is no accident. It is only one of many illustrations. It simply discloses the utter folly of a man remaining a member of a party when the party policy ceases to voice his inner spirit. The Kepublican party does not recede now from its protective theory. Its return to power will mean again the rule of a minority and the theoretical idea of -Democracy will con- tinue to be the practical aristocracy of special privilege in this country. The voter who cannot satisfy himself this year is indeed censorious. Eliminating the verbiage of platforms, taking their substance and viewing the candidates placed on them, the voter who believes that the cost of production at home and abroad should be equalized to the manufacturer of this country and who wants an oligarchy to rule, may vote the straight Republican ticket; the voter who believes in a similar protective theory but who prefers to an oligarchy that the President shall be the state, may vote the progressive ticket; the voter who believes this government should be turned into a socialism. may vote the socialistic ticket; the voter who thinks that church and state are not separate in America and that the people have a right to settle religious questions and to determine by ballot what is good and what is bad, may vote the Prohibition ticket; and all those who insist that it is not the business of government to equalize the cost of production at home and abroad to the manufacturer until it equal- izes the difference in the purchase price to the consumer at home and abroad, who believes that the only equalization justifiable in our government is the equalization of opportunity, who thinks that public office is a public trust, who does not believe that disgruntled and defeated politicians are genuine reformers, and who think that reforms are not born with sore toes, may vote the Democratic ticket. I respectfully urge all those who are opposed to special privileg'e to ally themselves this year with the historic Democracy, the corner- stone of whose edifice is the Declaration of Independence and the keystone of which is the Golden Rule. At Baltimore, it proved its right to be because there it arose and by its proposed policy met the needs and wants of a people. Am I to be met with the statement that results like those of the past four years might just as well have APPENDIX 429 been produced imder Democratic supremacy? This I deny. The king- dom of Democracy, like the kingdom of Heaven, is within us. Jt comes not by observation. It is a living, growing, vital principle. It is as essential to the life of the man who is a Democrat as pure air or pivre blood. The power to resist lying is not in the mouth but in the heart of a man. His power to resist larceny and murder is not iii his fingers. Democrats, like poets, are born, not made. They are born with the fixed and unalterable belief that God made all men, not some men; that all men are entitled to an honest chance in life, unhampered and unharmed by law or custom. We may separate in language, church and state, but we can never have that social condi- tion which \ve call Democracy until' all men living in the Kepublic ;ire full, not half, brothers; until all have been baptized in the blood of the spirit of the revolution and consecrated at every altar set up, north and south, in the Avar between the states. Tpon whom does this campaign call for justice? Many a man devotes himself sedulously to business not because he wants money fur himself but because he believes that jewels and luxuries will make his wife happy. Sometimes, too late, he finds that which she wanted was love, not luxury. So, too, many a man in America is devoting himself to the making'of money through legislatively granted privileges, not so much that he wants the money himself as that he \\ants to disclose the richness, greatness and prosperity of the Ameri- can Republic. Meanwhile, he has not stopped to consider that while the few through special privilege are adding millions to the bank balances of this country, the educated and impoverished many are looking down the years and seeing at the end of them nothing but an open j^iave in the potter's field. The spirit of Democracy and his inr.ate sense of justice call upon this man right now to stop and look and listen; to review what really makes for greatness in a people, and to answer in the silent watches of the night the accusing voice of his own conscience which tells him that it is men, not money, brains, not business, love; not lucre, peace, not prosperity, which mark the yreatness of a people. Let him answer that accusing voice by resolving that though he may not make so many dollars in the future, he will not forget that every other man's wife and every other man's child in America are equally dear to him, and that he desecrates the graves of those who fell from Lexington to Appomattox and stamps himself a coward when he demands or receives the aid of the law in his conflict for supremacy. Too long have some been the recipients of money made through the toil of others and turned over by unequal and unjns! taxing laws. It is good to love wealth and all that wealth can bring, but it is better to love the Kepublic more than ;HI the trappings of outside pomp and circumstance. From this good hour let these men fight their battles of life without handicapping their less foitunate brothers. Let them hang pictures of Nathan Hale in the-ir 430 APPEIS T DIX liedrooms and as each day's light reveals his features unto them let them vow that as this old hero thought more of men than he did of British gold, so they will dedicate their lives and consecrate their efforts to his splendid ideals. Upon who does the hour call for charity? There are- thousands of us who have not reached the land overflowing with milk and honey. Still, we wander in the wilderness of industrial despair. Still. are we able to gather manna only for a day and still we look with longing on the fleshpots of Egypt. Discontent and bitterness have entered into our souls. So long have we been impressed with the iniquity of special privilege, with the arrogance of some rich men, witi; the power of money to produce peace or war. plenty or famine, that w-,- have come to hate all those who have, and to believe that the posses don of money is the mark of infamy and the badge of dishonor. If you be one of these, my brother, this hour calls upon you for charity. Many have succeeded honestly in this land; most have succeeded as they thought, honestly. There arc but few who have not cared how sii has come to them. Let us not condemn until the sheep have been separated from the goats. Let us understand that it is possible for tho man in broadcloth and the man in hodden-gray to be brethren in America. Let us await the developments of a brief time lest perchance the judgment of misfortune upon fortune may be injustice, not justice. Let us be sure before we strike; let us condemn no man unheard, and let us give to every man his advocate in the forum of American brother hood. It will be observed that the sum of the justice and the charity fi-r which I am contending is the revival of Jefferson's idea of equality be fore the law. not equality in muscle or brain or will or energy! but that equality \\hich guarantees to every honest ard industrious man his life, his liberty, his happiness and his chance. Justice and charity are always needed to enforce this guaranty. Get into the bread-lim- it' you \\i!l but beware in so doing not to drive out a weaker brother. I see people, the most marvelous which has ever sprung from th<> lull's of time and the womb of destiny. Among them are all kindreds, tribes and tongues. What are they to become in the melting pot? They are of I< ! is, men with hopes, fears, ambitions, prejudices. Are tlioy to evolve int" castes, not of birth and lineage, but of sucm-ss an- 1 failure! Out of the crucible of these years, heated with the fires of both seeming and real injustice, is a newer generation to be poured forth to the vassalage of the paternalistic system of government born under Ke[ ublican misru'e, or to a socialism where success depends not up i- mt'rit a'nd honest endeavor but upon the mere drawing of the breath of life! It is idle for a thoughtful man in America, whether millionaire or pauper, to longer play the cstrich. Safety does not consist in hiding one's head in the sands of either sentiment or hope. It is foolish for the APPENDIX 431 vastly rich to keep on insisting that more and more shall be added to their riches through a specious sysfem of special legislation ostensibly enacted to run the Government, in reality enacted to loot the people. It is worse than ignorance for them to smile at the large body of intelligent Americans who regard themselves fortunate if the debit and credit ac- counts of life balance at the end of each year; ami to assume that the mighty many, who are becoming convinced that that social system whic'i we call Derrtocracy is but a glittering generality, will long endure the industrial sj ivery being produced. The hour has come when patriotism must consist in something more than eulogies upon -the flag. Whether voting the ticket or not, men everywhere looking upon the awful in- justice of this economic system are becoming socialistic in theory if not in conduct. And shall any fair-minded man say that if it redounds to the interests of the people of this country that a hundred men should control its business to the good of everyone, that there is anything fal lacious in the theory that Government instead of transferring business to a favored few for the benefit of all should itself discharge fhar business for the benefit of all ? I have never been able to convince myself that either system would not cast a pall over human action and dull the motives which have heretofore moved mankind to the very loftiest endeavor and produced what I conceive to be the most perfect system of government ever devised by the brain of man since that far-ofi" theocracy of the Jew went clown beneath his demand for the pomp and splendor of earthly power. And yet, I do not hesitate to say that if it be impossible to restare this Republic to its ancient ideals, which 1 do not believe, and 1 must make the ultimate choice between the paternalism of the few and the socialism of tli<> many, count me and my house with the throbbing heart of humanity. The discontent in Republican ranks is Democratic discontent. How much of it has reached the point where, wearied with the bad workings of a goo 1 system, it is willing to topple that system over and try some- thing new, I cannot prophesy. But I sm quite sure that whatever badges men may wear in America this year, whatever ballots they may cast and whatever battle-cries they may utter, there are but three grades of citizens. The first grade is made up of the favored few, their hangers-on and their beneficiaries, who think the eagle is upon the dollar, not as an emblem oi liberty but as an emblem of power and who look upon govern ment as an annex to their business affairs; these are they who in the last years of Republican misrule have turned the temple of constitu- tional freedom into a money-changers' mart and have made of the co- ordinate branches of government obeisant lackeys of the jingling guinea. The second grade consists of those whose outlook upon life has been enlarged by the civilization under which we live, who have been taught by the school and the college, by the press and the magazine, who appreciate and enjoy the good things of life, whose horizon has been enlarged and whose capacity for joy and sorrow has been increased. 432 APPENDIX Year after year, they have seen the boundless resources of the rici..-st country the sun ever shone upon pass into the control of the favored few. They have observed that the laws have been enacted, construe'! and enforced so that struggle as they will, and act as they may, they see' before them naught but long years of servitude and certain poverty at the end. Conditions have become unbearable to them. They hesitate to hope for reform so often has it been promised to them and so often has it been denied. They have reached the point where, in the struggle for that which they believe to be right, they are willing to destroy the ideals of the Republic. How many there are of these I do not know, but I do know that special privilege in the Republic is breeding t-hem day by day like rabbits in a warren. The third grade of citizens it pleases me to call old-fashioned constitu- tional Democrats. They are those who believe that the equality of man kind does not consist in an equality of brain and brawn but in au equality whereby every man, native and foreign-born, has an inalienable right to exercise all of his ability in getting on in the world just s<> IK realizes that in getting on he owes it to himself, to his family and to the Republic to see to it that he gets on honestly and that he does not prevent ony other man from obtaining the reward of his honesty an 1 enterprise. These old-fashioned Democrats believe in making money. but they believe that every dollar made should be so clean that an infant may cut its teeth upon it. They hold that it is no part of govern- ment to boost one man and to boot another, and that any system of government which enables one man to take advantage of another is no*. a system under which a Democratic condition of life can thrive. They hold that from age to age, social and economic conditions change, but that the great principle of the equality of all men before the law can never change while time shall last, and that the honest interpretation of this great principle in statutory enactment, judicial construction and executive conduct-, will take from the life of a people the mighty avarice of the few, bind up the broken hearts of the many and loose the bonds of all who are in slavery to wrong, injustice and ignorance. The individualism of Thomas Jefferson is not dead. It has not mouldered back to dust in the grave at Monticello. It walks the oarth this day knocking at the door of rich and poor, of wise and ignorant. alike, calling upon all men to make this age the millenium of state- craft wherein no one shall claim to be the master and all shall be I'hul to be the sonants- of the Republic. It cannot be that it is the system of government which is wrong. It is the unjust use of the system. From Jefferson to Lincoln, the Republic gicw in might, in majesty, in pomp and splendor, and tho humblest of : ts citizens could obtain justice, not as a beggar crawlii _ the sun, buf as a man. It has not been the use but the misuse of the powers of government which has produced this discontent in the minds of men. APPENDIX 433 The historic Democratic party moves forward now as always true to the principles of the Declaration of Independence, loyal to the Constitu- tion and confident that if men will be imbued with the spirit of these two documents and will guide their public and private life by the concepts of righteousness therein contained, peace and plenty will bless their homes and come as a benison to every weary. .>\e a- an amendment to the resolution that when a vacancy occurs on the Na tional Committee, the State Committee of the State entitled to t'.ie place shall fill the vacancy. "THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The question is on agreeing to the amendment pioposed by the gentleman from Missouri. "The amendment was agreed to. "The resolution as amended \\as agreed to." THE CHAIRMAN: Under the resolution jn t read there is nothing left for the Chair to do but to rule that the gentleman, whoever lie n;ay be, when elected a member of the Xationnl Committee by tie Stale Centi.il Committee, if it is such, bei omes the member of tie National Committee from that State. Mi;. I'KYAX: -Recognizing, as all tins- members do. that this pom" do's not amount to anything in this instance, but that it will a liMle later. and n cogiM/ing ti.at the only importance this ruling lifif 1 foreclose tic consideration of anotlcr case, I appeal from the decision of the ri.;iir -in tips proposition, and a-k | erm Vi"i, io gay a \\ord in t of 1 1 e appeal. MR JOHN W. GOUQHMN, of Massachusetts; Mr. < hammm. i APPENDIX -1:57 th<> ('hair puts the question on the appe-U from tin 1 decision of the Chair. I should like to inquire whether or !iot. its the-e proceedings are of a character and nature to justify an executive session, it would be proper at this lime to ask that such ; procedure be put in operation. I move that th. National Committee, pending its business session, go into executive session, so that we may discuss among ourselves the important matters which apparently will arise dining the course of the discussion. .Mi:. THOMAS TAHCAKT. of Indiana: I second the m< tion. .THE CJIAIRMAX : Jt is moved and seconded that the Committee proceed in executive session. The motion was agreed to, and the Committee proceeded in executive on. PROCKF.mNGS IN KX KlTTI V K SKSSION. THE CiiAiu.MAX: The question is on the ap( eal taken by the gen- tleman from Nebiaska (Mr. Bryan), from the decision of the Chair. Mi,. HOWEII.: Before you proceed \\ith that question, I desire to suggest to Mr. Bryan, that with a view of ascertaining exactly who are here to deal with any question that may lip brought up for the consid- eration of the Committee, the Secretary call the roll immediately to ascertain the membership 'of the Committee present today, either by diiect lepresentation or by proxy, and then tin se who are here by proxy ;nay present their pi THE CH UKMAX: The Secretary will call the roll. The Assistant Secretary proceeded to call the roll, and called the State of Alabama. Mi;. .TAMES \\~EATH EIII.Y. of Alabama: The Committee being in executive session and my status not having been fixed, L should like to know if 1 have a right to be here. THE .Cii MUM AX : Certainly. The Assistant Secretary proceeded to call the roll, and the following responses \\vre made: Arkansas Mr. Guy B. Tucker. Present. California Mr. Nathan Cole, Jr. Present. Colorado Mr. Alva Adams. Present. Connecticut Mr. Homer S. Cnmmings. Present. lV>1a\\are Mr. Willard Saulsbury. Present. Florida Mr. T. Albert Jennings. Present. Georgia Mr. Clark Howell. Present. Idaho Mr. Simon P. Donnelly. Present. Illinois Mr. Roger C. Sullivan. Present. Indiana Mr. Thomas Taggart. Present. Iowa Mr. Martin J. Wade. Present. Kansas (No response). THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY: Since the la*t National Convention 438 APPENDIX Mr. AtwodU, who at that time was the member from Kansas, has re- signed, and the Committee is in possession of credentials from the State Committee appointing William F. Sapp. The Assistant Secretary resumed the calling of the roll, and the following responses were made: Kentucky Mr. Urey Woodson.^ Present. Louisiana Mr. Eobert Ewing. Present. Maine Mr. E. L. Jones. Present. Maryland Mr. J. Fred C. Talbott. Present. Massachusetts Mr. John W. Coughlin. Present. Michigan Mr. Edwin 0. Wood. Present. Minnesota Mr. F. B. Lynch. Present. Mississippi Mr. C. H. Williams. Present. Missouri Mr. Edward F. Goltra. Mr. Chairman, I assume I am here for the same reason that the gentleman from Alabama (Mr. Weatherly) is present. THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY: Since the last National Convention, at which time Mr. Eothwell was the member of the Committee from Missouri, Mr. Eothwell has died ; Colonel Moses C. Wetmore, who suc- ceeded him, has also died ; and now the State Committee of Missouri has elected Mr. Edward F. Goltra. Mi:. EDWARD F. GOLTRA, of Missouri: Present. The Assistant Secretary resumed the calling of the roll, and the following responses were made: Montana Mr. J. Bruce Kremer. Present. Nebraska Mr. William Jennings Bryan, of Nebraska. Present as the proxy of Mr. P. L. Hall. .Nevada (No response). New Hampshire Mr. Eugene E. Beed. Present. New Jersey Mr. Bobert S. Hudspeth. Present. New Mexico Mr. Eobert L. Owen. I represent Now Mexico by proxy of Mr. A. A. Jones. Now York Mr. Norman E. Mack. Present. North Carolina Mr. Josephus Daniels. Present. North Dakota Mr. F. B. Lynch, of Minnesota. The Committee- man from North Dakota (Mr. Collins) has sent me his proxy with the request lhat I represent North Dakota. I presume under the rules \. cannot represent two States. I ask that the proxy be transferred to Senator William J. Stone, of Missouri. . MR. EOEE^T L. OWEN, of Oklahoma:' Before action is taken upon that request, I desire to call the attention of the Committee to a letter from Mr. Collins addressed to me, saying that he would be pleased to have me represent him at the meeting, and that he had written to Mr. Lynch to that effect. Whatever action the Committee takes upon it will be agreeable to me. THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY: The Committee is in possession of a APPENDIX 439 telegram directed to Mr. F. B. Lynch, care Willard Hotel, of date Janu- ary 6, 1912, which is as follows: "Bottineau, North Dakota, Dec. 30, 1911. I hereby designate and appoint you as my proxy to act for me in all matters in the meeting of the Democratic National Committee, called for January eighth, nineteen twelve. WILLIAM COLLINS, ' ' Member for North Dakota. ' ' MR. OWEN : That is of later date than the letter I have. To whom is the telegram addressed? THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY : F. B. Lynch, and it is dated January 6, on being repeated from St. Paul. Mi;. OWEN: The letter I have is dated December 30.. MR. LYNCH : 1 have no desire to represent two States, and if it is satisfactory to the Committee I transfer the proxy to Senator Stone. THE CHAIRMAN : That will be agreed to. The Assistant Secretary resumed the calling of the roll, and the following responses were made : Ohio Mr. Harvey C. Garber. Present. OklahomaMr. W. T. Brady. Present. Oregon Mr. George E. Chamberlain, of Oregon. Present, as the proxy of Mr. M. A. Miller. Pennsylvania Mr. James M. Guffey. Present. THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY: In the case of Pennsylvania, Mr. James Kerr, the member of the National Committee elected at the last National Convention, has since died, and the State Committee of Penn- sylvania has elected Colonel James M. Guffey to fill the vacancy. MR. A. MITCHELL PALMER, of Pennsylvania: The State Central Committee of Pennsylvania has elected me to fill the place made vacant by the death of Mr. Kerr, and the certificate of the Committee to that effect has been filed with the Secretary of this Committee. In calling the roll for the purpose of ascertaining who are present, the matter may not be important, but I desire at this stage of the proceedings to pro- test against Mr. Guffey's name going on the roll as the representative of Pennsylvania. I ask that the certificate of the State Central Committee of Pennsylvania certifying to my election to fill the vacancy be pre- sented to the Committee. THE CHAIRMAN: The Chair would suggest that the credentials of the two gentlemen be read, so that the Committee may understand the situation. That is all; unless it is desired to pass Pennsylvania. MR. BRYAN: Why not pass it? MR. PALMER: It will be satisfactory to me if it is passed. THE CHAIRMAN : Very well. Pennsylvania is passed. Mi:. GUFFEY: 1 am present. MR. PALMER: I am also here. We will have that understood. MR. JOSEPHUS DANIELS, of North Carolina: Pennsylvania has been passed over. Ill) APl'KXDIX Mu. PALMKR: Pennsylvania >huuld either be passed over. <>r 1 the fact, should be n< ted that there are two gent'enien hen- from tii:it Stale with credentials. .Mi;. BRYAN: I !-a<'u*st that we j a^ o\er IVui.s/Ivaiiia tv. ice. [ I au liter, j MR. PAI.MKK: I iro\e that we j.a-s over Pennsylvania, if I can gel a second to that motion. MR. TAGGART: It has already been passed over. MR. PALMER: Xo ircticn v. ;s irr.de or cairied so ffr as T kiv \v. and so I make that motion. THE CHAIRMAN : Pennsylvania will be passed for the present. The Assistant Secretary resumed the calling of the rill, and call, i the State of Rhode Island. Rhode Island Mr. George W. Greene. Present. Mi:. PALMER: I rise to a point of ovder. Is it not true that -, motion h?.s been made that th? Committee pass over Pennsylvania ? TEE CHAIRMAN: The Committee has pass?d it over. MR. PALMER: Then there is nothing noted on the record as t > any body being present from Pennsylvania. THE CHAIRMAN: The Assistant Secretary \\ill continue the eallinjj of the roll. MR. GUFFEY: I am here from Pennsylvania, and I want my ere dentials read. THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY: The official roll of the membershi; <:f the Democratic National Committee shows that J. M. Guffey is the member for the State of Pennsylvania. MR. PALMER: AM I desire to have the record show at this ti:nr> ; - that there has been filed with the Secretary of the Committee a ceitiri cate of the State Central Committee of Pennsylvania certifying to tin- election of A. M. Palmer to fill the vacancy occasioned by the deatli of Mr. Kerr. THE CHAIRMAN : We are not denying that. MR PALMER:" AH I want is that th.e record shall show that fa-i. THE CHAIRMAN: The two sets of credentials will be read at tho' proper time. The Ass'stant Secretary resumed the calling of the roll, and th; following responses were made: South Carolina Mr. B. R. Tillman. Present. South Dakota Mr. E. S. Johnson. Present. Tennessee Mr. John J. Vertrees, of Tennessee. I claim to repre- sent Tennessee, but there is a contest; and I wish to announce that fact. MR. BRYAN: Let the same couise be followed with Tenne see t'lat was pursued in the case of Pennsylvania. THE CHAIRMAN: The same couise will lie adopted. The Assistant Secretary resumed the calling of the roll, and the following responses were made: APPENDIX 441 Texas Mr. E. M. Johnston. Present. Utah Mr. Frank K. Nebeker. Present. Vermont Mr. Thomas H. Browne. Present. Virginia Mr. J. Taylor Ellyson. Present. Washington Mr. W. H. Dunphy. Present. West Virginia Mr. John T. McGraw. Present. THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY: In the case of Wisconsin Mr. T. E. Ryan, the former member of the Committee, has died, and the Wisconsin State Central Committee has elected Mr. Joseph E. Davies to fill the vacancy. MR. JOSEPH E. DAVIES, of Wisconsin: Present. Wyoming Mr. John E. Osborne. Present. Alaska Mr. A. J. Daly. Present. Arizona Mr. S. Davies Warfield, of Maryland: I am present, hold- ing the proxy of S. J. Michelson. District of Columbia Mr. Edwin A. Newman. Present. Hawaii Mr. E. M. Watson: I am present as the proxy of G. J. Waller. THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY: In the case of Porto Kico, Mr. D. M. Field has filed a proxy in favor of Mr. J. Fred C. Talbott. Mu. J. FRED C. TALBOTT, of Maryland: I desire to follow the course suggested by the gentleman from Minnesota (Mr. Lynch), and I trans- fer the proxy to Mr. J. Harry Covington, of Maryland. MR. J. HARRY COVINGTON, of Maryland: Present. MR. KOBERT L. OWEN, of Oklahoma: I wish to transfer to Hon. Luke Lea, of Tennessee, the proxy of Mr. A. A. Jones, of New Mexico,. Mi:. LUKE LEA, of Tennessee: Present. THE CHAIRMAN: A quorum is present. Mu. HOWELL: I move that those who are here by duly constituted proxy and there seems to be no contest in the case of any of these proxies, all of which seem to be perfectly regular be authorized to represent the respective Committeemeu whom their credentials certify as being members of the Committee. THE CHAIRMAN : The question is on agreeing to the motion of the gentleman from Georgia (Mr. Howell). The motion was agreed to. MR. DAVIES, of Wisconsin : I rise to a point of information. What is the status of Mr. Weatherly, of Alabama; Mr. Goltra, of Missouri, and myself with reference to sitting in this body and passing on these questions? THE CHAIRMAN : I'nder the resolution adopted in the Democratic National Convention, the Chair rules that the gentlemen referred to are members of the National Committee. MR. BRYAN : That is the decision from which I have taken an appeal. MR. SULLIVAN : Let the pending question be stated. 442 APPENDIX THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY: When the roll was being called the question of the right of a State Committee to fill a vacancy on "the National Committee occasioned by resignation or death was presented. and the Chair ruled that the State Committee did have the right to select the member of the National Committee where such a vacancy occurred. From that ruling Mr. Bryan has taken a'n appeal. The question before the Committee now is whether the decision of the Chair shall stand as the judgment of the Committee. MR. BRYAN : Mr. Chairman, I wish to say a word. This may seem to the Committee a very small point, but I take an appeal on this question because our action . upon it will establish a precedent, and I am not willing that a precedent shall be established upon a very important question out of consideration for the contingencies of a future contest. 1 believe w* ought to meet this proposition upon its merits regardless of whom it may touch. This is a new resolution under .which we are acting, a resolution giving the State Committee the right to select the member of the National Committee for its State. It states a rule, and I am in perfect sympathy with the rule; I would not change a word of the rule; but the point I make is that when the State Committee acts,and the man selected comes to us, we as members of the National Committee if 1 may say "we," although I am here only as a proxy are not com- pelled to accept that action without any investigation or consideration or without any rights on our part. Let me give you an illustration. They are discussing in the Senate at this time the right of a Senator to his seat. Does anybody question that he comes as the representative of the State with regular credentials? Xot at all. Yet the Senate is discussing his right to be a member of the Senate. The Senate will decide, without any man contesting his place, whether he has a right to a seat there. Everybody has a right to decide these questions. The people of Alabama, to illustrate, might have sent to this Committee a man whom it would be improper for the Committee to allow to sit here; something might have occurred after the man was appointed which would make it improper for us to receive him. I insist that this Committee is not compelled to accept the man without the right to consider. Every rule has its exception, and we have a right to consider whether that exception exists in this case, and I have taken this appeal in order to establish the fact that when these men come before us with proxies, the Committee has the right to act, and until it acts the man is not a member of the Committee. I ask the members of the Committee to decide the question upon its merits, because we are going to establish a precedent here, and we cannot afford to establish a precedent that is wrong merely because we think it will help or hurt a contest in which we may be interested. The individual contests that will come before the APPENDIX 443 Committee at this time are insignificant compared with the establish- ment of the interpretation of this rule. I would say that unless there is a reason so great as to justify the making of an exception, the Committee ought to accept those who are sent here by the State Committees, but I insist that after the Commit- tee in the State has acted, there must be some formal action on the part of this Committee before the man becomes a member of this Committee. Xow the Pennsylvania contest involves this question, but other questions also, and this decision will not settle the Pennsylvania con- tent; but it will establish a precedent on this subject. This is the first time the question has come before us, and I raise it on the first case presented here, because if we pass this over and accept the proxy as a matter of course, without any action on the part of the .Committee, then it establishes a precedent that will bind us hereafter until that precedent is overturned by the Committee. I did not like to appeal from the decision of the Chair; it is never pleasant to appeal from the decision of the Chair, but when the decision of the Chair gives an .interpretation on a proposition of great importance like this. I believe the members of the Committee should feel perfectly free to vote according to their own judgments, and that they should make this interpretation one that will stand in reason here- after. If the United States Senate has the right to determine whether or not Mr. Lorimer shall be seated in the Senate, as it is now determin- ing, although it is a constitutional provision which allows the legislature to elect Mr. Lorimer, I insist that this Committee has a right to decide that a man sent here by a State Committee shall not sit here if there is reason for such-action. I insist that this rule is like all rules: it covers the situation except where there is an exception, for there are no universal rules; and I protest against the establishment of a false and dangerous precedent in order to invoke it in the settlement of a contest which will come before us. Let us settle this proposition, and then reach these other questions on their merits when they come. MR. WOOD: May I ask the gentleman from Nebraska a question? MR. BRYAN : Certainly. MR. WOOD: This question came to my mind just when the gentle- man wjis speaking. I ask it purely for information. I wish to ask if the gentleman in the Senate whose name has been mentioned is not now a member of the Senate, and if the proceeding in his case is not one for expul- MR. BRYAN:. He may be expelled or the Senate may declare that he was not duly elected because of fraud in the election, despite the fact that he comes with a certificate. The Senate may decide that there was fraud in his election, and that that vitiated his election, and refuse to accept the credentials of the State. 444 APPENDIX It is suggested to me that the rules of the House of Kepresentatives govern this body. I think it is a dangerous thing to suggest that they govern this body. MR. SULLIVAN: I would like to ask if the gentleman to whom Mr. Bryan refers is not a member of the Senate? MR. KREMER: If Mr. Bryan will permit me, I should like to ask a question. MR. BRYAN: Certainly. MR. KREMER: What would be the condition of the State of Alabama if we should determine not to recognize the gentleman whom the State Committee now sends here? Of course, there is no possibility of us doing it, ,but if we should so determine, would not the State be unrep- resented? MR. BRYAN.: This committee, just as the Senate, could declare that the vacancy still exists. To say that this Committee has no right to decide whether a man sent here by authority of his State Committee shall or shall not be seated is to establish a precedent of which we will be ashamed if we establish it. We will establish a rule that no other body that I know of has established, and will make ourselves helpless, and if it is done it will not be done upon the merits of the case, but because the decision may affect some contest. MR. COUGHLIN: How long was it after Mr. Guffey was elected by the State Committee of Pennsylvania to take the place of Mr. Kerr, deceased, before there was a protest against his election? MR. BRYAN : It was some time ; but that has nothing to do with this case. There has been no meeting of the National Committee since that. MR. COUGHLIN: I wanted to know the length of time it took them to settle the question of the propriety of making the protest. MR. THOMAS H. BROWNE, of Vermont: Mr. Chairman and Gentle- men, the only body in the United States of America that had the right to constitute a Democratic National Committeeman was the Democratic National Convention held at Denver in 1908. Prior to that time the Democratic National Committee had had the power to elect a Demo- cratic national committeeman; but evidently that was not satisfactory to the Democratic National Convention, and by resolution adopted in Denver, the authority of the National Committee was to that extent limited, and the convention delegated its authority to a specific body that would be continually in existence in each State in the Union, namely, the State Committee. When the State Committee acts ort that particular question it acts not as a Democratic State Committee, but as the agent of the Democratic National Convention, exercising the authority of the Democratic National Convention, and that authority alone. If the authority given by the Democratic National Convention is improperly used, and the individual elected, after he becomes a member APPENDIX 445 of this body, proves that he is not a Democrat, or brings social obloquy or infamy upon the party, then some representative of the Democratic party ought to have power to protect it, and that representative wouhi be this body; but it would lie after that gentleman had had an oppor- tunity before this Committee to show that he ought not to be expelled from a body to which he had been legally elected. To say that gentle- men coining from these sovereign States, elected by the authority of the Democratic National Convention held in Denver, shall be declared not members, is to declare that the Democratic National Convention did not have authority to delegate its powers of creating national committee- men, and it is to place this Committee back in the position in which it \\;:s prim- to the passage of that resolution, a position that was not sat- isfactory to tin- Democratic party of the Tnited States. There can be no question about the record. It is not ambiguous. It does not say that the State Committee shall "nominate"; it does not say that it shall "recommend." It says that it shall fill the vacancy. For how long? For fifteen minutes.' Certainly not. For the time for \\hich the gentleman formerly a member of this Committee had been elected. IIo\\ can you fill a vacancy? By recommending that we elect; the very body that has been shorn of all the power to elect? It is beg- ging the question to say that it "nominates" or "suggests," or that it "recommend.-;." It elects; and in my judgment we have no pOAver over its election. It is enough if, after becoming a member of this Com- mittee, his acts are so flagrant as to be a disgrace to this Committee, that the Committee has the right to protect itself. But.it has no right or authority, under that delegation of authority from the Democratic National Convention, to add to or take from the authority committed into the hands of the Democratic State committees of this Union ; and I hope, sir, that the point of order and the ruling of the Chair will be sustained. MB. TAGGART: Mr. Chairman, in order to get this matter squarely before the Committee, I ask that the credentials under which Colonel Guffey appears before this Committee be read. MR. TIowELL: Let us get the matter straight, Mr. Chairinan. It is all mixed up. The question before the Committee now is on the creden- tials of the gentleman from Alabama. Now. in his position are the gentleman from Wisconsin and the gentleman from Missouri. Those three vacancies have been filled. I affirm that there is no discussion on anybody's part, and no question from anybody, as to the right of these three gentlemen to occupy their seats. MR. BRYAX: None at all. MR, OWEX: Tt is not contested. MK. IbnvKU.: Then why not pass directly to the contested cast-.' Mit. BKYAN: simply becarse I do not want a ruling here that would establish a precedent and make it absolutely impossible MR. HOWF.U, : Pending a ruling, I ask unanimous consent that the 44i> APPENDIX Committee accept the credentials of the gentlemen from Alabama, Mis souri and Wisconsin, none of whom can-, vote, and each of whom is as much entitled to vote as any other member of this Committee on any proposition that may come before it. and yet all of whom are being held up here, and by matters involving and affecting other States. I move now that the credentials of these three gentlemen, by unanimous consent, be accepted. MR. WILLIAMS: I make the point of order that there is a motion pending before the Committee.. MR. HOWELL: And yet these gentlemen cannot vote. MR. WILLIAMS : I know they cannot vote. MR. BRYAX : I am perfectly willing to have my appeal broad enough to include all these men. I made it on Alabama because we reached that State first, but I am perfectly willing to make it broad enough to cover them all. MR. SULLIVAN: As I understand this matter, there are four or five gentlemen who have been elected by State committees as members of this Committee. MR. HOWELL : As to whom there is no question. MR. SULLIVAN : Never mind that. They have been elected as mem- bers of this Committee by their respective State committees, under the resolution passed at the last National Convention. I myself offered the original resolution, which was for the continuation of the old custom of having this Committee fill all vacancies which might occur. Some gentleman, I think it was Mr. Shannon, of Missouri, offered an amend- ment to the resolution in the convention that each State committee should fill its own vacancy, and that this committee should not fill them. Wo are here by virtue of the creation of this committee by the Demo- cratic National Convention. As I understand, the roll was called, and Mr. Bryan objected to the seating- of these men merely because of their selection by the State committees, and wanted this Committee to act upon their credentials. MR. BRYAN: I moved that the credentials of the gentleman from Alabama be accepted, and that he be declared a member. MR. SULLIVAN: Yes; the joint of order was raised on that motion that it was not necessary, as I understand it. Mr. Bryan contended that it was necessary, because he assumed that we have the power to say whether the gentleman from Alabama shall or shall not be a member of this Committee. Mr. Bryan did that for the purpose of raising this question. The Chair ruled that these men were members without any action by this Committee. MR. BRYAN : No ; the Chairman simply said that the action of the committees made them members without any action on our part. MR. SULLIVAN: Yes, sir; that was my statement. From that ruling of the Chair. Mr. Bryan appealed purely for the purpose of bringing up this point. The question whether Mr. Guffey APPENDIX 447 originally, when he was put on the Committee, was improperly put on, or whether he represented or did not represent the Democracy of Penn- sylvania, or becan-.e bad after he was elected, is not up now, as I under- stand. MR. BRYAN : Not at all. MR. SULLIVAN : Therefore. Mr. Chairman, the only question before this Committee now is. is the Chair right in holding that the convention had the right to say how the members elected to fill vacancies should be elected. Mi;. BRYAN: No; that is not it. MR. SULLIVAN : That is the substance of it. MR. BRYAN: No: the question is not on the right of the Convention to pass the u'solution. but on the interpretation of the resolution. MR. SULLIVAN: By the Chairman? , MR. BRYAN: No: by the Committee. MR. SULLIVAN: Will the Committee endorse the Chairman's inter- pretation, is the question, as I understand. In other words, shall the Chairman be sustained in deciding that these members, five or six of them, were put upon the roll in accordance with that resolution of the National Convention? MR. BRYAN: And that the Committee has nothing to say, and no power to reject ? MR. SULLIVAN: Yes. Mr. Chairman, I move that the appeal taken by the gentleman from Nebraska lie on the table. I do that for the purpose of settling this question. MR. BRYAN: That motion is entirely proper. MR. SULLIVAN: I do it for the purpose of settling this question; that we may get a vote on it. I do not do it offensively to anybody; I do it for the purpose of coming to a vote. MR. COUGHLIN : Why not withdraw that, and move the previous quest ion ? MR. SULLIVAN: Very well: I \\\\\ withdraw my motion and move the previous question. THE CHAIRMAN: Tl e gentleman from Illinois moves that the previous question be ordered on the question of the appeal of the gentleman from Nebraska (Mr. Bryan) from the decision of the Chair. The previous question was ordered. MR. HOWELL: In justice to these men who have come here to fill the seats of members who have died and they are men whose credentials are absolutely unquestioned by any human being in this Committee I ask unanimous consent that these gentlemen be permitted to vote. MR. BRYAN: I. shall not object, with the understanding that that is not considered as a settlement of the question we are discussing. THE CHAIRMAN: Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from Georgia for unanimous consent? The Chair hears none. The question is on the appeal of Mr. Bryan from the decision of the 448 APPENDIX Chair. The roll will be called on the question, shall the decision of the Chair stand as the judgment of the Committee? The Assistant Secretary proceeded to call the roll. MR. PALMER (\vhen Pennsylvania was called) : I do not want to repeat this protest of mine constantly. MR. WILLIAMS: The State of Pennsylvania should not be called. THE CHAIRMAN : Pennsylvania will be passed over. The Assistant Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. THE CHAIRMAN (when Tennessee was called): Tennessee will be passed. The Assistant Secretary resumed the calling of the roll. MR. TALBOTT (when Porto Rico was called) : Mr. Covington. to whom T transferred the proxy for Porto Rico, is? not present. I hardly know what to do. whether to ask unanimoi s consent to withdraw it, or not. THE CHAIF.MAN: He may come back. MR. TALBOTT: He may come in later. I will let it stand. The roll 'call was concluded. MR. WILLIAM J. STONE, of Missouri: I have been informed that I have been named as proxy for the member from North Dakota. I have no -direct information from the member from North Dakota on the subject. I am informed that the proxy has been transferred to me. T am reluctant, naturally, to appear before the Committee in that some- what uncertain capacity, and I am not sure that I have a right to be here. I came in only a few moments ago, and I am not quite clear as to what is the exact question before the Committee. I understand it to be that the Chair, when Pennsylvania was called, there being two gentlemen claiming to represent that State, ruled that Mr. Guffey was entitled to represent it. MR. BROWNE: No; the appeal was taken from the decision of the Chair in regard to Alabama. MR. STONE: Alabama! MR. BROWNE: That is what the pending question is on. MR. STONE: I thought it was on Pennsylvania. As I say. I have just come in. I should like to ask a -question. I am not seeking to be in; I would rather be out of these controversies, except that I am for the interests of my party, above everything else. If this Committee thinks I am entitled, under the circumstances as I have stated them, to vote, I am ready to vote. MR. TAGGART: I move that Senator Stone be permitted to vote. MR. STONE: I vote to sustain the decision of the Chair. The result was announced yeas ?>4, nays 33, not voting 5, as fol- lows: Yeas: Alabama. Arkansas. California. < miiit'criciir, Florida. (Jeorgia, Jilaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa. Keiitiu-ky. Maine. Maryland. Massa- chusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, New Hampshire, Now York, North Carolina, North Dakota 1 Ohio, Oklahoma, APPENDIX 449 Texas, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wyoming, Alaska, Arizona, Hawaii 34. Xays: Colorado, Delaware, Louisiana, Nebraska, New Jersey. New Mexico, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Utah, Wisconsin, District of Columbia 13. Not voting: Kansas, Nevada, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Porto Rico 5. So the decision of the Chair was sustained. MR. TAGGART: Mr. Chairman, I suggest that the roll be called. THE CHAIRMAN : The Assistant Secretary will call the roll. The Assistant Secretary called the roll. THE CHAIRMAN: Forty-eight members have responded to the roll call. A quorum is present. Gentlemen, what is your pleasure? MK. PALMER: Mr. Chairman, I do ^iot desire to insist upon this, but I do not want any of my rights taken away by non-action on my part. When the name of Pennsylvania was called upon the roll, as no name of a member of the Committee was called by the Secretary, having from my point of view been elected to represent Pennsylvania upon this Com- mittee, I answered "Present." I wish to say, however, that I have been informed by the Secretary of the Committee that the name of Colonel Guffey now appears upon the roll as that of the member from Pennsylvania. I wish now to enter my formal protest against that action on the part of the Secretary, and to ask that this Committee shall recognize me as the member of the Committee from the State of Pennsylvania, 1 having filed my credentials with the Secretary; and when it is in order under the Chair's ruling, I desire to be heard by this Committee upon that proposition. MR. BRYAN : I move. Mr. Chairman, that an hour be given to the hearing of this contest from Pennsylvania, before we proceed to act upon it. MR. WILLIAMS: I second the motion. THE CHAIRMAN: The Secretary will read the credentials of the gentlemen from the State of Pennsylvania. The Assistant Secretary read as follows: " llarrisburg. Pa., January 26, 1909. "Hon. Norman K. Mack. Chairman of rise Democratic National Committee, "Buffalo, N. Y. "Sir: "At a special meeting of the Democratic State Central Committee of Pennsylvania, called to meet at llarrisburg, Pennsylvania, on Jan- uary 2f>. 1909. to fill the vacancy caused by the death of the Hon. James Kerr. in the membeiship of the Democratic National Committee for Pennsylvania. "The following resolution was adopted unanimously: 450 APPENDIX " 'WHEREAS, by resolution of the Democratic National Convention, held at Denver on July llth, 1908, it was declared that "when' a vacancy occurs on the National Committee, the State Committee of the State entitled to the place shall fill the vacancy, ' ' and " 'WHEREAS, there is now a vacancy in the Democratic National Committee occasioned by the death of the Hon. James Kerr, and ' ' ' WHEREAS, the rules of the Democracy of this State provide that such vacancy shall be acted upon by the State Central Committee, now be it ' ' ' Eesolved, that \ve do hereby elect the Honorable James M. Guffey as the member for Pennsylvania of the Democratic National Committee to fill the aforesaid vacancy, and authorize the officers to certify his election to the Democratic National Committee, and request the Honorable Norman E. Mack, Chairman thereof, to place his name upon the roll. ' "You are therefore and hereby notified that the Honorable James M. Guffey, of Pittsburgh, Pa., was elected as the member of the Demo- cratic National Committee, to represent the State of Pennsylvania, to fill the said vacancy. "Witness my hand this 26th day of January, A. D. 1909. "ARTHUE G. DEWALT, "Chairman of the Democratic State Central Committee of Pennsylvania. ' ' Attest : "P. GEAY MEEK, "Secretary of the Democratic State Central Committee of Pennsylvania. "To the Hon. Norman E. Mack, "Chairman of the Democratic National Committee. "Sir: "The undersigned being the Secretary of the Democratic State Central Committee of Pennsylvania, does hereby certify that the .fol- lowing resolution was adopted by the Democratic State Convention of Pennsylvania at its meeting in the City of Harrisburg on August 4th, 1909: " 'MR. DEWALT: Mr. Chairman, I desire at this time to present the following resolution : " 'WHEREAS, the last Democratic National Convention adopted the following rule respecting a vacancy in the membership of the National Committee, namely: "When a vacancy occurs on the National Com- mittee the State Committee of the State entitled to the place shall fill the vacancy. ' ' " 'Eesolved, Therefore, that the action of the Democratic State (Viilral Committee of Pennsylvania, at a special meeting held January 26, 1909, in electing the Hon. .lames M. Guffev as a member of the APPENDIX 451 Democratic National Committee for Pennsylvania, is hereby ratified and confii med. ' "The motion \\as put and the resolution adopted as read. "I, P. Gray Meek. Secretary of the Democratic State Central Com- mittee of Pennsylvania, do hereby certify that the foregoing is a true and correct co; y of n resolution adopted by the Democratic State Con- vention held at Ilarrislmri;, I'a.. on August 4, 1909, and that the said iution and proceedings had with reference thereto an] ear as part- of the official pn ceedintis and minutes of the said convention, on file at the Democratic State Headquarters, Ibm-isburg, Pa. "Witms* my hand this sixth (<>) day of January. A. I). 1912, at Harrisburg, Pa. P. CRAY MEEK, "Senc !:ir\ nf !!'e 1 :< -moci atic State Central Committee of Pennsylvania. " "COMMITTEE OF WAYS AND MEANS. "House of Kepresentatives, "Washington, D. C., January 8. 1912. " [Ion. Trey Woodson. Secretary Demonatir National Committee^. "Hotel Shoreham. " Dear Sir: "In accordance with your message, just received, I enclose herewith duplicate copy of certification of my election as National Committee- man from Pennsylvania. Yours truly. ' ' A. MITCHELL PALMER. ' ' MR. GUFFFY: What is the date of that letter! THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY: It is dated January 8, 1912. Mu. PALMKU: That is due to the fact that the original had beer mislaid, and 1 therefore sent for a duplicate. MR. DANIF.I.S: What time was it sent to you originally? TiiK CHAIRMAN: What time was it, Mr. Palmer? Mi:. I'AI.MFR: September 3, 1911. MR. DANIELS: I suggest that there be written on the margin of the copy the proper date. Tin: CHAIRMAN: September 3, 1911. The Assistant Secretary read the credentials of Mr. Palmer, as follows : "DEMOCRATIC PARTY IN PENNSYLVANIA, HEADQUARTERS STATE CENTRAL COMMITTEE, "9 North Second St., Harrisburg, Pa. "This is to certify that at a meeting of the Democratic State Cen- tral Committee of the I'emccratic Party in the State of Pennsylvania, held at the Hoard of Tiade roo us in the City of Marrisburg, in said State, on the 19th day of July, 1911. a resolution, of which the follow- a true and correct copy, was unanimously adopted, lo-wit: " //I .vu/ri //. that the report of the Com-.nittrr of Seven, of which 452 APPENDIX Hon. William B. Wilson is Chairman, selected, in pursuance of the provision of the resolution adopted by the Democratic State Central Committee on March 2, 1911, as heretofore made to the officers and mem- bers of the Democratic State Central Committee of Pennsylvania, be and the same is hereby approved and confirmed. " 'Sesclved, further, that the action of the Democratic State Cen- tral Committee taken in March, 1909, by which Hon. James M. Guffey was selected to fill the vacancy on the Democratic National Committee for the State of Pennsylvania, caused by the death of Hon. James Kerr, who had been chosen to that position by the delegates to the National Convention of 1908, be and the same is hereby rescinded, and the action of said Committee of Seven, in choosing Hon. A. Mitchell Palmer to fill the vacancy on said National Committee, caused by the death of Hon. James Kerr, is hereby ratified and confirmed. " 'Resolved, that a certified copy of this resolution be forwarded to the Democratic National Committee as evidence of the official act of the Democratic State Central Committee of Pennsylvania.' ' ' In witness whereof the Democratic State Central Committee of the Democratic Party in the State of Pennsylvania has caused these presents to be signed by its Chairman and attested by its Secretaries, and the common seal of the said Democratic State Central Committee to be hereunto affixed this 20th day of July, A. D. 1911. "GEO. W. GUTHRIE. ' ' Chairman. "Attest: ' "JAS. I. BLAKSLEE, "Secretary. "WAEEEN VAN DYKE, ' ' Secretary. "(Seal)" MR. TAGGART: I rise to a point of order. The State Committee of Pennsylvania has the power to fill vacancies under the resolution of the National Convention authorizing the State Committee to fill vacancies. But as I understand, that resolution gave the State Committees no power to create vacancies. I do not see that there is any vacancy in Pennsylvania to fill, and I make the point of order that there is no vacancy in Pennsylvania. MR. PAUPER: Mr. Chairman, if I may be heard in the matter, there is nothing before this. Committee against which a point of order would lie. A request for unanimous consent was preferred by the gentleman from Nebraska, that the Committee should give an hour in which to hear this contest. THE CHAIRMAN: Will the gentleman from Indiana restate his point of order? Mi:. T\<;<;ART: My point of order is that there is no vacancy exist- ing in the National Committee from the State of Pennsylvania. APPENDIX 453 Mil. J'>I;YA.\: Do you objevt to having this contest heard? Mil. TAGGART: 1 do net: but 1 raised the point of order to brin-j; the question before the Committee. THE CHAIRMAN : The question is on the motion of the gentleman from Nebraska (Mr. Bryan) that each side have half an hour to discuss this ease. The motion was agreed to. TIIK CHAIKMAN: Decs the Chair understand, Mr. Palmer, that you \\ant Id take up the full halt' hour? MR. PAI.MKR: I assume. Mr. Chairman, if I make the opening I will have the right to close, briefly? MR. BRYAN: Dividing your time? MR. PALMER: Dividing my time before and after Colonel Guffey, and I shall ask for only five minutes to close, because I shall make only a statement i>1' the matter: and I shall ask you, Mr. Chairman, to call my attention to the fact when I have consumed twenty-five minutes of my time. Mi:. GUY B. TUCKER, of Arkansas: Mr. Chairman, are we going to have a discussion of this matter before there is any motion before the Committee? Are we not to have a motion before the Committee before these gentlemen begin their discussion? MR. SULLIVAN: In answer to Mr. Tucker's proposition, I want to say that the member of the National Committee from the State of Penn- sylvania is Mr. Guffey. Mr. Palmer, who comes in with later credentials, is contesting, under his credentials, the right of Mr. Guffey as a member of this Committee. Mi;. PALMER: That is begging the question. MR. SULLIVAN: No; take it as it is. The fact is that Mr. Guffey now appears on the roll of the Democratic National Committee. Mr. Guffey was elected under the rule that was accepted by the Committee. MR. BRYAN: Not accepted by the Committee. MR. SULLIVAN: The Committee held that it did not have anything at all to do with it. but under the resolution of the Convention he was accepted as a member of the Committee and put upon its roster as such. A year or two later or, we will say, six days later, for I do not care about the time the same State Committee recommends Mr. Palmer as the National Committeeman from the State of Pennsylvania. MR. WILLIAMS: Elects him. Mil. Si LI.IVAX: Elects him in lieu of Mr. Guffey, and in lieu of its former action. Mr. Palmer comes here in good faith with credentials from his Committee in the State of Pennsylvania, and asks that he be seated. On that subject we are now to hear from Mr. Palmer. Is that the situation? THE CHAIRMAN : Yr*. MR. GEORGE W. GREENE, of Khode Island: Mr. Chairman, on the contrary, is not the question whether we shall unseat Mr. Guffey and 454 APPENDIX Mr. Palmer ? . Is riot the question whether, arid how. a vacancy having occurred in Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania has rilled that vacancy! 1 MR. SULLIVAN : Xo. MR. GREENE: Is not that- the question we must determine? MR. SULLIVAN: We can do that by resolution, after the coir heard ; we can frame a resolution. MR. GREENE: We have to determine whether that vacancy has been filled, and how. Every case that conies before thip Committee we must decide, if there is a contest. If two State Committees, both existing at the same time in a State, for instance, have attempted to fill a vacancy. we must decide which one has filled it. If there has been an atteaipt to fill it by a Committee that has not been regularly constituted and called, we must decide that question. THE CHAIRMAN: That is true. Mi;. GREENE: So the question here with regard to the vacancy in Pennsylvania is not whether it has been properly filled, but whether it has been filled, and how? MR. BRYAN: After we have heard this case we will then frame a resolution. MR. GREENE: Exactly. (The Pennsylvania contest was then argued by Mr. Palmer, for him- self, for twenty-five minutes, and by Senator Dewalt, of Philadelphia, for Colonel Guffey, for thirty minutes, Mr. Palmer having a five-minute rejoinder.) MR. JOHN T. McGRAW, of West Virginia: Mr. Chairman, it occurs to me we are losing very valuable time here. We have invited a great number of gentlemen from different cities to come here and present their claims to be selected as the city in which shall be held the next National Convention, and for the purpose of presenting this case and having it settled promptly, I offer a resolution: "Resolved, that the action of the Chairman and Secretary of this < 'ommittee in placing the name of James M. Guffey upon its roster to oed James Kerr, deceased, be and the same is hereby ratified, con- firmed and approved. ' ' MR. DANIELS: As a substitute for that I offer a resolution that the Honorable A. Mitchell Palmer was legally elected a member of this Committee from Pennsylvania. ^!R. HOWELL: I move the previous question. (The Pennsylvania contest was thereupon further debated by Mr. Miy : in, Mr. Saulsbury, Mr. Williams, Mr. Browne. Mr. Wood. Mr. HP. Mr. Coughlin, Mr. Cummings, Senator Stone and Mr. Kremer.) THE i HAIRMAX: Mr. McGraw has moved that tjie Chairman and the Secretary be sustained in placing the name of Colonel Guffey on the roll. Mr. Daniels offered as a substitute that Mr. Palmer now be placed on the roll. The vote will first be taken on Mr. Daniel's sub- stitute. APPENDIX 455 MR. WILLIAMS: As I understand, then, Mr. Chairman, those who are in favor of seating Mr. Palmer will vote "yea" and those opposed will vote ' ' nay. ' ' THE CHAIRMAN : Yes'; the Assistant Secretary will call the roll. The Assistant Secretary proceeded to call the roll. The result was announced: Yeas IS. nays 30. not voting 4, as follows : Yeas: Alabama, Colorado, Delaware. Iowa, Louisiana, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Jersey, North Carolina. Ohio. Oregon, South Carolina, South Dakota. Utah. Washington, Wisconsin. Wyoming, District of Columbia 18. Nays: Arkansas, California. Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky. Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota. Missouri. Montana, New Hampshire, New Mexico. New Yiork, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Ehode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Ver- mont, Virginia. West Virginia, Alaska. Arizona. Hawaii 30. Not voting: Kansas. Nevada, Pennsylvania, Porto Rico- 4. So Mr. Daniels' substitute was rejected. THE CHAIRMAN: The question recurs on agreeing to the resolution offered by the gentleman from West Virginia (Mr. McGraw). The resolution was agreed to. THE CHAIRMAN: What is the pleasure of the Committee? MR. DANIELS: 1 move that R. K. L. Mountcastle be declared a mem- ber of this Committee from Tennessee. THE CHAIRMAN: The question before the Committee is the motion made by Mr. Daniels, of North Carolina, that Mr. R. E. L. Mouutcastle be retained as a member of the Democratic National Committee. The motion was agreed to. Mu. TAGGART: I move that the Committee proceed in open session. The motion was agreed to. OPEN SESSION. MR. HOWELL: 1 make the usual and customary motion that the Chair appoint a Committee on. Resolutions, composed of five members, to which any resolution that may be offered may be referred for report to this Committee. The motion was agreed to, and the Chair appointed as the Commit- tee Mr. Howell, of Georgia; Mr. Cummings, of Connecticut; Mr. Brady, of Oklahoma; Mr. Browne, of Vermont, and Mr. McGraw, of Wr-t Virginia. MR. TALBOTT: Call the roll for resolutions and then let us take a recess until 5 o'clock. The Assistant Secretary called the roll, and as the States were called resolutions were handed to the Assistant Secretary. MR. TAGGART: I move that the Chair appoint a committee to pre- pare suitable resolutions with respect to the memory of the several 456 APPENDIX members of the National Committee who have died since our last meet- ing, and that it report at an adjourned meeting. The motion was unanimously agreed to, and the Chairman appointed as the committee Mr. Weatherly, of Alabama; Mr. Goltra, of Missouri; Mr. Daniels, of North Carolina, and Mr. Davies, of Wisconsin. MR. ELLYSON: I move that the Committee take a recess until 5 o 'clock p. m. THE CHAIRMAN: The question is on agreeing to the motion that the Committee take a recess until 5 o'clock p." m. The motion was agreed to. AFTER RECESS. At the expiration of the recess the Committee reassembled. MR. McGRAW: Mr. Chairman, I move that the Committee adjourn until tomorrow morning at 10:30 o'clock, and that the representatives of the cities be advised that the Committee will hear them tomorrow at 11 o'clock a. m. The motion was agreed to, and at 5 o'clock and 2 minutes p. m. the Committee adjourned until tomorrow, Tuesday, January 9, 1912, at 10:30 o'clock a. m. SECOND DAY. THE SHOREHAM, Washington, D. C., January 9, 1912. The Committee met at 10:30 o'clock a. m. THE CHAIRMAN: The Secretary will call the roll. The Assistant Secretary called the roll. THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY: Mr. William Jennings Bryan, holding the proxy of Mr. Hall, of Nebraska, has transferred it to Mr. J. A. Maguire. Mr. John Sunderland, of Nevada, has given a proxy to Mr. Nathan Cole, Jr., of California. The following States, etc., have responded "present": Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mis- sissippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Alaska, Arizona, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Porto Rico. THE ('IIAIK.MAX: The roll call discloses the presence of a quorum. The first order of business is the fixing of a date for holding the Con- vention. APPENDIX 457 MR. LYNCH, of Minnesota: I move that the Convention of the Demo ciatie party be held, beginning June J-'ili. l!Vll_'. The motion was agreed to. THE CHAIRMAN': It is now in order to determine the city in which the Convention is to be held. How much time each city shall have is a proper matter now to l>e ay reed upon. Is there any surest ion in that respect f MR. LYNCH: 1 move that each city lie given thirty ininntis. ami that it be limited to two speakers on each side. The motion was agreed to. Therein on the claims of Denver were presented by Mr. Chas. W. Franklin and Mr. George F. Knifton; of Chicago, by Mr. Frederic W. r]iham. Mr. James Hamilton Lewis and Mr. Charles Hermann; of Baltimore, by Mr. J. F. C. Talbott. Mr. O. F. Hershey, Mr. James S. Preston and Mr. Isador Uayner; of St. Louis, by Mr. Eolla Wells, Mr. lames E. Smith and Mr. D. E. Francis; of New York, by Mr. Kdward M. Tierney. MR. TAGGART: If there are no other cities to be heard from, I move that the Committee go into executive session. The motion was agreed to, and (at 2 o'clock) the Committee went into executive session. PROCKKDIXGS IX EXECUTIVE SESSION. MR. DANIELS: Mr. Chairman, as we have heard the claims of the different cities, I move that the roll be called and we take a vote upon the city to be selected for the coming Convention. MR. TAGGART: Does the Chair know the proposition that each city has made? THE CHAIRMAN: No. MR. TAGGART: I think the proposition that each city makos should be in the hands of the Chair before we proceed to the ballot. MR. SULLIVAN: I think so. too. I think we should know exactly what proposition each city makes before we vote. MR. GABBER: I move that the Chairman and Secretary and Treas- urer of the National Committee look over these propositions and report in five minutes. MR. HcnvELL: Will you permit ir.e to make a suggestion to the Committee? If you go on with this roll call now, everybody will nat- urally conclude that the business is over, and there will probably be a motion to adjourn, while, as a matter of fact, there is other business to be attended to. This Committee has not even authorized a call for the National Convention, no resolution covering that having been paesi'd. If you select a city and adjourn, the Chairman would have no authority even to call the National Convention. While the Secretary is getting this matter in sha| e. I will present some resolutions which will take only a few minutes. lx>t us dispose of these n solutions. Let us give the 458 A L'PENDIX Chairman authority to call the Convention and do whatever is necessary in the way of resolutions. In the meantime, let the Secretary of the Committee get in writing a brief statement from each of the four cities as to just what they propose. .Mi;. GARBER: I will withdraw my motion and second the motion of Mr. Ho well. MR. HOWELL: My motion is that the Chairman, Secretary and Treas- urer get these statements in writing and report in ten minutes. The motion was agreed to. The gentlemen appointed retired, Mr. Taggart taking the chair. MR. HOWELL: I move that we now proceed in open session. The motion was agreed to. OPEN SESSION. MR. JONES, of Maine; Mr. Chairman, I have something to offer. THE PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Taggart in the chair) : As soon as Mr. Howell is through we will hear you, Mr. Jones. MR. HOWELL: Mr. 'Chairman, the Committee at its meeting yesterday authorized the appointment of a Committee on Resolutions, to whom should be referred all resolutions introduced. Quite a number of reso- lutions were accordingly introduced and submitted to the Committee, which consisted of Messrs. Cummings, of Connecticut; Brady, of Okla honia; Browne, of Vermont; McGraw, of West Virginia, and myself as chairman. Of these resolutions, quite a number bore upon the question of direct primaries. Senator Chamberlain, of Oregon, introduced one, and several others were introduced along the same line. Your committee took into consideration these various resolutions, and after conference with Senator Chamberlain, have agreed upon a report, not making it mandatory, but leaving it. optional with such State committees as may desire to do so to call direct primaries, if in their wisdom they see fit to do so. Your committee has accordingly reported this resolution, which I think covers the situation very fully, and which is eminently satisfactory to Senator Chamberlain, who introduced the resolution. I think and trust it will meet the approval of the whole Committee, as it does the unanimous approval of the Committee on Resolutions. It embodies in it the formal authority, of course, to the Chairman to call the National Convention : "Resolved, that the Chairman of the Democratic National Com- mittee be, and he is hereby, directed to call a National Convention of the party, to be held during the year 1912 at such time and place as may this day be agreed upon. "Sesolved, further, that the basis of representation at such National Convention shall l>o two delegates for each Senator and Representative from the respective States, under the Congressional .reapportiomnent AlM'KMHX -1")!' based on the Census of liiln. and the District of _Coluinbia, the Philip- pines. Hawaii. Porto Rico and Alaska shall he entitled to six delegates each. That follows the usual form and is the usual allotment of delegate- to the States and Territories. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The question is on agreeing to the resolu- tion reported by the gentleman from Georgia. The resolution was agreed to. MR. HOWFLL: The committee alo offeis tJie following: ' ' Besolved, that in the choice of delegatis and alternates to the Demo- cratic National Convention of 191:.'. the Democratic State or Territorial Committees may. if not otherwise directed by the law of such States or Territories, provide for the direct election of such delegates or alternates, if in the opinion of the respective committees it is deemed desirable to do so. Where such provision is not made by the respective committees for the choice of delegates and alternates, and where the State laws do not pnnidi specifically the manner of such choice, then the delegates and the alternates to the said National Convention shall be chosen in the manner that governed the choice of delegates from the respective States and Territories to the last Democratic National Convention." I move the adoption of the resolution. MR. .IOHXSTOX. of Texas: Mr. Chairman. I am not disposed to antag- onize the resolution as a whole, and I am not going to do so; but I should like to suggest to this Committee that so far as concerns the man- ner and method of electing the delegates to the National Convention, it is purely a State matter, and I think it would be presumption on our part to eve> >r request how* they should be selected. MR. HOWELL: It does not do that. MR. .IOHXSTOX. of Texas: I know yon mean to qualify it, but it cairies with it the idea that the National Committee assumes to tell the State how it shall conduct its internal affairs. MR. HOWELL: T 1 eg to differ with my friend from T' MR. .IOHXSTOX. of Texas: I understand how you have framed it, and T understand the motive in framing it that way. MR. HOWELL: We rse the word ' ' may " : it is absolutely optional. MR. .IOHXSTOX. of Texas: In other words, we. as the National Com- mittee, tell the State it may do so if it wants to. ft is none of our busim 88. MR. HOWK.I.L: This will do the partf good, esj ecially in the States tin- Mississippi River. We exj ect to carry quite a number of the in the West, and if tluse men. who have labored long and honora- bly for the party and who are establishing for it a prestige in the West as it has never been established before, come to us and tell us that the adoption of a simple resolution of this sort will do the party good in those States, then I think we ought at least tn give them the con- sideration f acting favorably upon their suggestion. 460 APPENDIX Mi;. ADAMS: The system is not only allowed, but in some States it is obligatory. We say all States ought to be allowed to do the sanje thing. MR. JOHNSTON, of Texas: Why does the Committee want to say anything at all about it! MB. HOWELL: The resolution says where such provision is not made, ' ' and where the State laws do not provide specifically the manner of such choice, then the delegates and the alternates to the said National Con- vention shall be chosen in the manner that governed the choice of dele- gates from the respective States and Territories to the last Democratic National Convention." That is simply the usual phrase. MR. JOHNSTON, of Texas: The point I am making is this: I do not care anything about the resolution. It does not amount to any more than the paper it is written on. so far as the- States are concerned, but the point is this: The election of the delegates is a matter for each State, and bringing in a question of seeming dictation on the part of the Committee to a State by saying even that they may do a thing if they want to in other words, Mr. Chairman, if a State wants to do a certain thing, it has our permission to do it is something I do not believe this Committee ought to do. I do not think the Committee ought to say anything of the sort. MR. GEORGE E. CHAMBERLAIN, of Oregon: The advantage that may be derived by our party by the adoption of this resolution is accentuated by the course of the Republican National Committee when they met. They not only refused to recognize the right of the States to pass laws governing the election of delegates, but they practically said that in those States which had provided for the election of delegates by direct vote, those delegates would be turned down when they presented them- selves, if the National Convention saw fit to do so. In other words, they said, if the Convention deemed it wise to apply such a process, they could proceed by that process, notwithstanding the law of the State providing for a direct vote by the people. That has been severely condemned throughout the length and breadth of the country, and properly so, because the Western States particularly I am safe in saying that, and some of the Southern States, too are going a step further, and providing by their State laws for the election of dele- gates direct to the Convention. As Benton and as Jackson said, they are bringing these conventions close to the people. So I think that as a party w> >-nn gain strength among the independent voters of the coun- try by doin^ what Jackson said we .ought to do bring these delegates as near to the people as possible. MR. JOHNSTON, of Texas: In order to end the discussion, I will withdraw my objection and let it go. MK. WOOD: This matter is of some importance to me and my State. I am not at all opposed to the primary; at least I am not going to oppose the resolution; but I want it properly safeguarded. I want it APPENDIX 461 safeguarded by law. I am going to propose a little amendment. I agree with Mr. Johnston that it does not amount to anything, anyway; but I know the desire of Mr. Chamberlain not only to have direct pri- maries, but to meet conditions here. I want to amend by inserting a few words after the word "desirable," so it will read "if in the opinion of the respective committees it is deemed desirable and possible to do so, with proper and sufficient safeguards to protect such primaries from participation therein by electors of other parties. ' ' Xow, then, sir, the Governor of our State will not call a special ses- sion for direct primaries, though he says he believes in them. Are you going to ask us in Michigan to have a primary with no sworn election inspectors, with no law governing it, with absolutely nothing on earth to safeguard it? MR. HOWELL: You do not have to do it unless you want to. MR. WOOD : But I do not like your word ' ' desirable. ' ' The Demo- crats in Michigan do not feed out of anybody's hand. The rank and file desire it. I want you to put there "with proper safeguards." ]Mn. HOWELL: How would it do to put in "with proper safeguards" and eliminate what you said in regard to electors of other parties par- ticipating? MR. WOOD: That would be all right. I perhaps went a little too far in my wording. MR. HOWELL: I will accept that amendment, then. The resolution as amended would read: "Resolved, that in the choice of delegates and alternates to the Democratic National Convention of 1912, the Democratic State or Ter- ritorial Committees may, if not otherwise directed by the law of such States or Territories, provide for the direct election of such delegates or alternates if in the opinion of the respective committees it is deemed desirable and possible to do so with proper and sufficient safeguards. Where such provision is not made by the respective committees for the choice of delegates and alternates, and where the State laws do not provide specifically the manner of such choice, then the delegates and the alternates to the said National Convention shall be chosen in the manner that governed the choice of delegates from the respective States and Territories to the last Democratic National Convention." THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The question is on agreeing to the reso- lution reported by the gentleman from Georgia, as amended. The resolution, as amended, was agreed to. MR. HOWELL: I have a resolution here introduced by Senator Owen, of Oklahoma, to which the committee has no objection. It is in regard to the Federation of Democratic Precinct Clubs. The committee thinks it might properly invite the active co-operation of these precinct clubs, and it recommends the passage of the resolution. The resolution is as follows : "Resolved, that the Federation of Democratic Precinct Clubs, as a Al'l'EXDIX self-supporting auxiliary of the regular Democratic Party organization, is approved by this Committee." MR. JOHN E. OSBORNE, of Wyoming: Mr. Chairman, I should like to ask if this is the organization of which Senator Owen is the head. T have read a good deal of their literature, and I must confess that I do not know what they are trying to get at. If we are going to stand behind this organization and stand for its principles, I think it ought to simplify its literature. MR. JOHNSTON, of Texas: I want to ask a question right here, and that is if that organization, the Precinct Club organization, is being run in the interest of any candidate for President .' MR. CAVEN : Xo ; it is not. MR. TUCKER: Mr. Chairman, we have only ten minutes in which to consider these resolutions. I am sure that members of this Commit tee are not familiar with the organization of Precinct Clubs referred to, and we certainly cannot become familiar with it in ten minutes. There- fore, I move that we lay the resolution on the table. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The question is on agreeing to the motion of the gentleman from Arkansas that the resolution be laid on the table. (After having put the question.) The Chair is in doubt. MR. CHAMBERLAIN: I think, as a matter of courtesy, we ought to hear from Senator Owen. MR. WOOD: We want to hear from Senator Owen, but I see Mr. Mack in the room, and I would ask whether we are ready to dispose of the other matter. MR. TALEOTT: I want to make a suggestion. Is not this matter of the Federation of Precinct Clubs, and all that, a part of the detail of the campaign to be considered after we name our candidates? THE PRESIDING OFFICER: The Chair would think so. MR. WOOD: That is what we want to get from the Senator. MR. TALBGTT: When we nominate candidates and have a new Com mittee, then we can take up such things. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: I will say for the benefit of the gentlemen that some such matters were taken up after the nomination was made four years ago. MR. TALBOTT: But it is not a matter of detail? THE PRESIDING OFFICER: It has been a matter of detail heretofore, MR. TALBOTT: And ought it not to be taken up afterwards? THE PRESIDING OFFICER: That is for the members to decide. The Chair recognizes i-'entitor Owen. Me. KiLYxn.v: Mr. Chairman. I rise to a parliamentary inquiry. 1 would like to inquire if the time allowed the Committee to put in shape the propositions of the different cities has expired? THE PRESIDING OKFKTR: It has pretty nearly expired. MK. KI.I.YSO.N: 1 think it has more than expired. APPENDIX 463 THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Mr. Owen has the floor. MR. O\VKN : Mr. Chairman, the organization of Democratic Precinct. Clubs is a corporation chartered under the laws of the District of Columbia. It proposes to have a precinct club in every precinct where it is found desirable by the Denim-rats of the Union. It is intended as an auxiliary of the regular Democratic Party organization. MR. HOWEI.L: I understood you to say that under no circumstances would the organization be used in advance of any national convention to promote the interests of any candidate. MR. O\VEN : That is correct. MR. HOWEI.L: And upon that understanding the committee reported favorably upon the resolution. MR. OWEX: I call the attention of the Committee to this weakness in Democratic organization. We will have our convention on the J-'ith of June. We will then elect a new National Committee. They will have an executive committee. The time is very, very short before the election only three or four months. In that short time it is practically impossible to do the precinct organization throughout the Union that ought to be done. In 1900 we had 38,000 precinct repre- sentatives who served a useful purpose at that time. I believe we have a great opportunity to elect a Democratic Presi- dent in 1912, and I thought it ought to be acceptable to all Democrats to promote a precinct club organization at each precinct where the Democrats may see that the Democratic vote is registered, that it is gotten out, that the interests of the Democracy are represented in the precinct, that the arguments of the Democracy are presented there; and it was with a view to that that a number of us undertook to make this organization. Among them are Senator Chamberlain of Oregon, Senator .Johnson of Maine. Senator Myers of Montana, Senator Xewlands of Xevada. and others; the Speaker of the House of Representatives. Mr. Clark: William Kandolph Hearst, a former member of Congress, and others. It is endorsed by 10 members of the Democratic National Com- mittee. It is endorsed by Governor Joseph Folk, by Mr. Woodrow Wilson, by W. .1. Bryan, and many others. MR. HOWEI.I.: Mr. Weatherly of Alabama has suggested that one line be added there, and that is that the State organization is invited to co-operate in national campaigns for the nominees of the party. I do not think anybody could object to that. THE PuKsimxc OI-FIOER: I would like to ask a question for infor- mation. In the previous campaign of 190$. and perhaps 1904. but par ticularly in the State of Indiana in 190*. \ Vl . would often get letters from Democrats in certain counties stating that a new committeeman had been appointed, and asking by what authority a certain person was organizing chilis and raising money; whether it was the old organization, the old club, doiny that, or not ; and it has occurred to me that some confusion niiyht arise in that wav. 464 APPENDIX MR. OWEN: This organization is a recent organization, one with which I have never had anything to do before. It has no precedent, So far as I know, and no connection with any previous organization. MR. SULLIVAN: In 1900 they had, I think Mr. Owen said, 38,000 precinct representatives. A COM MITTEEMAN : On paper. MR. SULLIVAN: Yes, on paper. In our State we have by law a pre- cinct organization in every precinct in the Slate. By law on the 16th or liHh day of April, there will be a precinct organization elected by the Democrats of the respective precincts, in every precinct in the State of Illinois. MR. OWEN: It ought to be the rule everywhere. MK. SULLIVAN: It is the rule there. Now, those precinct committee- men are organized by law and recognized by law, and they elect all the delegates to all the conventions for the ensuing two years. Those men are being elected by law. MR. STONE: What do you mean by "by law?" MR. SULLIVAN: I mean that at the next coming primaries, on the 16th or 19th day of April, the Democratic voters in every precinct in the State of Illinois will vote for a man called the precinct committee- man, who is the head of the precinct organization in that precinct for the ensuing two years, whose duty it is to organize that precinct. We go, for instance, in Chicago, from precinct to precinct and organize a precinct club of 10, 20, 50 at 65 Democrats, a chairman -and a secretary. My point about this is this: If this institution were doing something to promote this through the State organizations of the respective States, i would see no objection to it ; but to have some unknown people from some other State come into Illinois and start an independent organiza- tion, is a different thing. Of course, after the nominations are made we ought to be in favor of everything that can be done to bring more and more people, others as well as Democrats, in line for our ticket; but we do not want to encourage or sanction the encouraging of an opposi- tion organization or an organization in opposition to the Democratic organization already in existence, and that is just what has been done in my State by some of the gentlemen the. Senator mentions. They have :it times in the past :u-tod against the Democratic Party. Some of those geiitleiwM have acted very decidedly against the Democratic Party. 1;: the last campaign we were up against that thing. So, I say, it does not make any difference who is in charge there now. It does not make any difference who is on the State Committee. Like any other committee, the members are elected by direct vote of the people. The members of the precim-i are elected by the direct vote of lli" people. Vei some of 1 hose people ignored ami fought our National oruaniy.atidii, our State and our county and our precinct organizations. not for the I U'niocrat !< Party, but against the Democratic Party, and I think we ought at least to take more than ten minutes to decide whether APPENDIX 465 \ve will give our official sanction to what may I do not say it will work an injury to our party. Some who may have been patriot? iu times past may have changed their bearings. So. let us take a little more time on this matter. MR. COUGHLIX: Members of the Democratic National Committee. I believe that the member of the Committee from Illinois has expressed tin- sentiments of every State in the Union whcs? \ eople understand the di>rder and confusion which such approval of this organization would bring upon them. For my part, I have no objection to any Democratic organization in the Union assisting the Democracy in the conflict which is now before us, but I object to any organization, under whatever name, rending strangers into my Commonwealth to take possession of our pre- cin-ts and fight the battles among people whom they do not know. I nl ji'i-t because I shall not surrender the rights of fhe regular organiza- tion to any inferior or subordinate institution to carry on the work of the Democracy in my Commonwealth, if my choice can prevent it. I have no doubt that those who are behind this movement are ani- mated by lawful motives and patriotic principles principles that we are here to promulgate and assist by our work; but I hore that there is not a committeeman present in this Committee who will assist in foisting upon us strangers to fight our battles when we ourselves are eompetenr to fight our battles without their assistance. Mi:. WILLIAMS : I want to ask the Senator from Oklahoma one ques- tion, and that is whether or not the clubs which this incorporated com- pany is authorized under the laws of the District of Columbia to estab- lish in each precinct, have any adjective before the word "Democratic".' I am asking for information. I have gotten communications from some organization of the kind (and I think possibly it is the same club) that labeled me a progressive Democrat or labeled me a conservative Demo- crat. Xow. I am just a plain, ordinary Mississippi Democrat, and I do not believe in any adjectives going before the word "Democrat." A conservative Democrat is just as good as a progressive Democrat, and v progressive Democrat is just as good as a conservative one, provided he is loyal to the Democratic Party. So I want to ask for information, whether or not this organization uses any adjective before the word "Democrat"; whether it is "con- servative Democrat" or whether it is "progressive Democrat." I do not care which, because I am not going to let anybody label me. I label myself a Democrat, and I abide by the decisions of my party, and I do not care whether that decision is in accordance with or in conflict with my private opinion ; as long as the great principles of the Democratic party are in the platform, I abide by it. I want to know whether you understand my question. MK. Tn.i.MAX: I suggest, in the interest of harmony, that the reso- lution be withdrawn. 466 APPENDIX MR. McGR.vw: I suggest that we let it go until the next meeting of- the Committee in June. MR. JOHNSON, of Texas: I move that the resolution be referred to the new National Committee, and I ask the previous question on that. MR. OWEN : I think I have the floor. THE PRESIDING OFFICE'R: Yes, Mr. Owen has the floor. MR. OWEN : I am amazed at the character of the opposition to this resolution. This organization was intended for the welfare of the party to which I have been attached all my life. The object is "to take part in a permanent, nation-wide, uniform movement for unifying and strengthening the Democratic Party and electing a Democratic President in 1912, thus ending the rule of the predatory interests, and establish- ing tLe rule of the people from the precinct up." It is expressly pro- vided iu the program that it is open to all Democrats. As I . The settlement is based upon the result of the McGraw ( ommittee, of four years ago and eight years ago. I move the adoption of the resolution. The resolution was agreed to, MR. HO\VEI.L: In conclusion. I offer the usual resolution providing for the appointment of a Committee on Arrangements, as follows: "Resolred, that the Chairman of the National Committee be, and he is hereby authorized, to designate a Committee on Arrangements for the Democratic National Convention of 1912, of which he shall be Chairman, composed of the Chairman, Vice-Chairman and Secretary and seven other members of the National Committee, to be selected by the Chair- man, said committee being hereby clothed with such powers as may^ be necessary in the prem I move the adoption of the resolution. The resolution was agreed to. THK PRESIDING OFFICER: The Chair appointed a committee com- prsed of Messrs. \Veatherly, Goltra, Davies and Daniels, to prepare suitable resolutions in regard to the death of several members of the National Committee, and they report the resolution which the Assistant Secretary will read : The Assistant Secretary read as follows: "Resolved, that the Democratic National Committee has learned with profound sorrow of" the death of John W. Tomlinson, of Alabama; W. A. Eothwcll. of Missouri; Mcses C. Wetmore, of Missouri; James Kerr, of Pennsylvania, and Timothy E. Eyan, of Wisconsin, former members of the Democratic National Committee; "Resolved, that in the death of these gentlemen the Democratic party has suffered a distinct less; "Retailed, that a copy of these resolutions be spread upon the minutes of this meeting, and that the Secretary of the Committee be directed to transmit copies thereof to the families of the deceased members. MR. WEATHKRI.Y. of Alabama: [ move the adoption of the resolu tions. The resolutions were unanimously agreed to. THE PRESIDING OFFICER: Is there anything further? -MR, IIOWEI.L : Xo. sir. MR. . -Herman Kidder. " Mi;. BIDDER: I want to xiy one word, Mr. Chairman, although I am not a member of the Committee. THE CHAIRMAN: By unanimous consent, Mr. Bidder will be permitted eak. Mi;. BIDDER: I was the official head of the Hudson-Fulton celebration, and I raised $1.100.000 for that purpose. 1 incurred a personal liability of between $3,OOU and $4,000 before the money was raised, and 1 asked nobody to guarantee it. The guarantee is good, and if you come to New York City there will probably be a repetition- of that great celebra- tion to the extent of your hearts' desire. THE SECRETARY: The next is from the city of St. Louis, as follows: " Washington, D. C., Jan. 8th, 191 ''Mr. Norman K. Mack, "Chairman of Democratic National Committee. ' ' The Business Men 's League of St. Louis, on behalf of the people of St. Louis, hereby guarantee that if the National Convention of 1912 is held in St. Louis, the people of that city will pay to the Democratic National Committee within sixty days the sum of $75,000.00, 33% per cent of which will be paid within thirty days of this date if the Democratic National Committee so desires. "It is further guaranteed that our Coliseum will be offered as a Convention Hall and will b suitably decorated and properly equipped, without charge to the National Committee, tor the use of the hail or the equipment: or decorations thereof. "It is expected that the National Committee \\ill agree to a fair division of all classes of tickets, as has been the custom heretofore. "ST. LOUIS WSINKSS MEN '8 LEAGl'K. "By BOLLA WELLS, President. ' ' W. F. SANDERS, See. and Gen. Mgr. of The Business Men 's League of St. Louis. ' ' We, the undersigned, hereby personally guarantee the fulfillment of the attached proposition of the Business Men's League, if accepted by the Democratic National Committee. " BOLLA WELLS, "DAVID B. FRANCIS, "J. E. SMITH, "G. J. TANSEY, YY. 1.. MC!)ONALI>. ' HAKKY B. HAWKS. "SAM B. COOK, "A. B. GAINES, .MORTON JOURDAN, "JOHN C. EGBERTS, "EDWARD F. GOL'TKA. " The next is from Denver: 470 APPENDIX "THE SHOREHAM. "Washington. D. C.. Jan. 9, 1912. ' ' To the Democratic National Committee, "Washington, D. C. "Gentlemen: ' ' The city of Denver hereby makes formal application for the next Democratic National Convention, to be held in the month of June, 1912. If you select Denver as your meeting place we agree to pay the reason- able and necessary expenses of the Convention to be liberal in their adjustment. We also agree to furnish without cost to your Committee our splendid auditorium and its numerous rooms; in fact, everything within the building, free of expense to you. ' ' We will exhibit to your Committee, if you desire, signed sub- scripitons (legal) from the citizens of Denver for $59,860, and also agreements from the Denver Convention League, the Governor, the Mayor, the President of the Chamber of Commerce, presidents of other organizations and prominent citizens, guaranteeing the remainder. "The citizens of Denver will also expend more than $15,000 in decorating and illuminating the city of Denver outside of the conven- tion hall. We guarantee the finest convention hall, the best climatic conditions, and all conveniences that go with a great convention. "THE DENVER CONVENTION LEAGUE. "GEO. H. KXIFTOX, Vicft-President. "C'HAS. W. FRAXKLIX. THE CHAIRMAN : The question is now on the selection of the city in which the Convention is to be held. Those holding proxies will kindly so state. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. MR. KREMER (when Montana was called) : Under a pledge from which I have not been relieved, I vote for Louisville, Kentucky, and I hope I can repeat it in 1916. During the roll call proxies were announced as follows: Nebraska: Mr. J. A. Maguire for Mr. Hall. Nevada: Mr. Nathan Cole, Jr., for Mr. Sunderland. North Dakota: Mr. William J. Stone for Mr. Collins, by transfer from Mr. Lynch. New Mexico: Mr. Robert L. Owen for Mr. Jones. Hawaii: Mr. E. M. Watson for Mr. Waller. Porto Rico: Mr. J. Fred C. Talbott for Mr. Field. The roll call was concluded. MR. HfD.sPETH, of New Jersey (after having voted for Denver): I rhange my vote to Baltimore. MR. LYNCH (after having voted for Chicago) : I change my vote to Baltimore. APPENDIX 471 MR. KKEMER. of Montana (after having voted for Louisville) : I ch.-mge my vote to St. Louis. MR. OSBORXE. of Wyoming (after having voted for Denver) : I change my vote to St. Louis. MR. ADAMS, of Colorado (after having voted for Denver): I change my vote to St. Louis. The result was announced: Baltimore 25, St. Louis 20. Chicago 7, New York 1, as follows: Baltimore: Alabama. Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Io\va. Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan. Minnesota, Mississippi, New Hampshire, Xe\v Jersey. North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Bhode Island. South Carolina. Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Ari/.ona. District of Columbia, Porto Rico '_'". St. Louis: California, Colorado, Florida', Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Montana, Nevada. New Mexico. North Dakota, Ohio, Okla- homa, Oregon. Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Wyoming, Alaska, Hawaii 20. Chicago: Illinois. Kentucky. Massachusetts. Minnesota. Nebraska, South Dakota, Washington 7. New York: New York 1. MR WOOD: I move that we make it unanimous for Baltimore. MR. BRADY: I move as a substitute that we make it unanimous for St. Louis. THE CHAIRMAN: The Secretary will again call the roll. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. MR. SUI.LIVAX (when Illinois was called) : I vote for Chicago for the time being. The roll call was concluded. Mi:. Sn.i.iVAX (after having voted for Chicago): I wish to with- draw my vote from Chicago and to vote in favor of St. Louis. The result was announced; Baltimore 29, St. Louis 22, Chicago 1, as follows: Baltimore: Alabama. Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, In\\a. Louisiana. Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Ver- mont, Virginia, W< st Virginia, Wisconsin, Arizona, District of Columbia, Porto Rico 29. St. Louis: California, -Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky. Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Tennessee, Ftah. Wyoming, Alaska. Hawaii 22. Chicago : Washington 1. MR. WOOD: Mr. Chairman. I make the same motion I made before, that we make the vote unanimous for Baltimore. MR. BRADY : I second the motion. The motion was unanimously agreed to. 472 APPENDIX Mr. Wood, from the auditing committee, submitted the following report : "Washington, D. C., "January 9th, 1912. "Hon. Norman E. Mack, "Chairman Democratic National Committee. " The Auditing Committee has examined the financial report and statement of the Hon. Herman Ridder, Treasurer of the Democratic Rational Committee, and begs leave to report that the same is fount! to be correct. "The thanks of the National Committee are due to the Treasurer, Hon. Herman Ridder, aird to Assistant Treasurers, John W. Cox and John B. Doolin, for faitkful and efficient service in the discharge of their respective official duties. "Respectfully submitted, ' ' EDWIN 0. WOOD, "JOHN E. OSBORNE, ' ' T. A. JENNINGS, "Committee." On motion of Mr. Wood the report was adopted. .Mil. JENNINGS, of Florida: I move that the Committee adjourn, to meet in Baltimore, June 25, 1912. The motion was agreed to and (at 3 o'clock and 35 minutes p. in.) the Committee adjourned to meet in Baltimore, Maryland, Tuesday. June 25, 1912. COMMITTEE ON ARRANGEMENTS. Pursuant to the resolution adopted by the National Committee, the following Committee of Arrangements was named by the Chairman: Norman E. Mack, of New York. P. L. Hall, of Nebraska. Urey Woodson, of Kentucky. Josephus Daniels, of North Carolina. Clark Howell, of Georgia. John T. McGraw, of West Virginia. R. M. Johnston, of Texas. Martin J. Wade, of Iowa. Edwin O. Wood, of Michigan. Roger C. Sullivan, of Illinois. Thomas Taggart, of Indiana. Robert Ewiug, of Louisiana. Kulwrt S. l!uds| 1 1 li, of New Jersey. Thomas H. Browne, of Vermont. John H. Osborne, of Wyoming. J. F. C. Talbott, of Maryland. APPENDIX 473 MEETING OF COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENTS BELVEDERE HOTEL, BALTIMORE, MB., June 20, 1911'. At a meeting of the Committee of Arrangements for the Democrat ir National Convention, there -.sere present Norman E. Mack (Chairman), I 'ivy Woodson, Josephus Daniels, Clark Howell, John T. McGraw, K. .M. Jolmstou, -Martin J. Wade, Edwin 0. Wood, Eoger C. Sullivan, Thomas Taggart, Eobert Ewing, Kobert S. Hudspeth, Thomas H. Browne, John E. Osborne and J. F. C. Talbott. The committee went into Executive Session. .Mr. Wood moved to proceed to the election of temporary officers for the National Convention. Mr. Ewing moved to postpone this matter arid refer it to the full National Committee. Mr. Wade moved to postpone the matter until tomorrow morning at 10 o'clock. Mr. Woodson seconded this motion and Mr. Ewing accepted it as a substitute for his motion. Upon the motion to postpone the vote was as follows: Ayes Woodson, Daniels, McGraw, Wade, Ewing, Hudspeth, Os- borne 7. Nays Mack, Howell, Johnston, Wood, Taggart, Browne, Talbott, Sullivan 8. The motion of Mr. Wood was thereupon agreed to. For Temporary Chairman, Alton B. Parker, was placed in nomination by Mr. Mack; Ollie M. James by Mr. Woodson; Robert" L. Henry by Mr. Daniels; James O 'Gorman by Mr. McGraw; John W. Kern by Mr. Hudspeth. At this juncture, Mr.. P. L. Hall, of Nebraska, a member of the Committee, arrived. The vote for Temporary Chairman was as follows: For Parker Mack, Howell, Johnston, Wood, Taggart, Browne, Tal- bott, Sullivan 8. For James Woodson, Wade, Hall 3. For Henry Daniels, Ewing, Osborne 3. For O 'Gorman McGraw 1. For Kern Hudspeth 1. The Chairman ruled that as Mr. Parker had received one-half of the votes of the committee, he was the choice for Temporary Chairman. Mr. Taggart moved that Mr. Parker be unanimously recommended to the full committee for Temporary Chairman, but, upon objection of Mr. Daniels, he withdrew the motion. 474 APPENDIX Mr. McGraw moved that I'roy Woodson .be recommended as Tempo- rary Secretary of the Convention, that John I. Martin be recommended for Temporary Sergeant-at-Arnis of the Convention and that Chairman Mack and Secretary Woodson be empowered to name all other temporary officers of the Convention. Adopted. Adjourned. MEETING OF THE DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COMMITTEE CONVENTION H.U.I., BALTIMOKK. Mi>., June 24, 191:2. The i-oinniitteo assembled at noon. TIIK CIIAIK.MAN (Hon. Norman E. .Mack) : The Committee will be in order. The Clerk will call the roll. The roll was called as follows : Alabama James Weatherly, present. Arizona A. J. Miehelson, present. Arkansas (iuy B. Tucker, present. California Nathan Cole, Jr. (proxy by Milton K. Young), present Colorado Alva Adams, present. Connecticut Homer S. Cummings, present. Delaware Willard Saulsbury, present. Florida T. Albert Jennings, present. Georgia Clark Howell, present. Idaho Simon P. Donnelly, present. Illinois Roger C. Sullivan, present. Indiana Thomas Taggart, present. Iowa Martin J. Wade, present. Kansas Win. F. Sapp, present. Kentucky Urey Woodson, present. Louisiana Robert Ewing, present. .Maine E. L. Jones, present. Maryland J. Fred C. Talbott, present. Massachusetts John W. Coughlin, present. Michigan Edwin O. Wood, present. Minnesota F. B. Lynch, present. Mississippi C. H. Williams, present. Missouri Edward F. Goltra, present. Montana J. Bruce Kremer, present. Nebraska P. L. Hall, present. Nevada John Sunderland (proxy by Francis Newlands), present. Now Hampshire Eugene E. Reed, present. New Mexico A. A. Jones, present. New Jersey Robert S. Hudspeth, present. New York Norman E. Mack, present. North Carolina Josephus Daniels, present. North Dakota Williams Collins (proxy by John Bruegger), present, 475 476 APPENDIX Ohio Harvey C. Garber, present. Oklahoma W. T. Brady (proxy by J. B. Doolin), present. Oregon M. A. Miller, present. Pennsylvania J. M. Guffey, present. Ehode Island George W. Greene, present. South Carolina B. R. Tillman, present. South Dakota E. S. Johnson, present. Tennessee R. E. L. Mountcastle, present. Texas R. M. Johnston, present. Utah Frank K. Nebeker. Vermont Thomas H. Browne, present. Virginia J. Taylor Ellyson, present. Washington W. H. Dunphy, present. West Virginia John T. McGraw, present. Wisconsin Joseph E. Davies, present. Wyoming John E. Osborne, present. Alaska A. J. Daly, present. Dist. of Columbia Edwin A. Newman, present. Hawaii Gilbert J. Waller, present. Porto Rico D. M. Field (proxy by Edwin Sefton), present. Subsequent to the call of the roll, and announcement by the Chair- man (Hon. Norman E. Mack) that a quorum was present, the credentials of W. R. Wallace, who succeeds Mr. Nebeker, of Utah, resigned, as Com- mitteeman from that State, were read and the name of Mr. Wallace was placed upon the roll. The name of A. C. Derkin, representing the Philippines, was placed upon the roll by unanimous consent. THE CHAIRMAN : The first order of business will be the report of the Sub-Committee on Temporary Organization. Mr. Mack yielded the chair to Mr. Cummings, of Connecticut, and, taking the floor, made the following statement : Fellow Members of the National Committee: On Thursday the 20th instant, before the Committee on Arrangements, I placed the name of Judge Alton B. Parker in nomination for the office of Temporary Chair- man of the Democratic Convention. I did that believing him to be one of the best Democrats in the United States; not only in our own State but also in the country at large, and I might lay special stress on his splendid Democracy, but inasmuch as all of us know him, and I think the country knows him very well, there is no occasion for my doing so. In 1896, when I was fighting for the party in my State, he was one of the prominent men in the State that I could look up to and call upon for assistance. I was at that time a member of the State Central Com- mittee of New York, and in 1897, one year after, Judge Parker was a candidate for Chief Justice of the Court of Appeals and I was a ram- pant Parker man, because of his services to the party in 1896, when men like Judge Parker, I am sorry to admit, were mighty scarce in our State. APPENDIX 477 I \v;is mi enthusiastic supporter of .lud.ue 1'arkcr because of his loyalty to the party in that year. Since that time, except when on the bench, he has always been an active Democrat, as well as before he went on the bench. When Mr. Bryan was nominated in the last convention, Judge Parker was not permitted to go back home from Denver. He spent six weeks in the Western States making speeches for the nominee of the party. He has supported the national ticket loyally all his life never made an exception. En our own State he has always been on the stump. Last fall and this is one of the things that endears him to the Democratic party of our State when iii the great City of New York there was a local contest and we needed Democratic votes in this local contest, be- cause national politics did not cut much figure, Judge Parker took the stump for the local ticket and it is believed saved our ticket in that great contest in the City of New York. I have been asked how it was I happened to be for Judge Parker for Temporary Chairman. This has been talked over more or less and T want the Committee to know my position. I presented the name of Judge Parker because he is from my own State and, like you other gen tlemen, I desire to pull off something once in a while, if I can do so. Some months ago it was rumored generally that Mr. Bryan might be a candidate, and I want to say right here that if Mr. Bryan had beeu a candidate I would have been for him. The people of New 'York knew I would be for him, for I told them so, and they made no objections whatever. Not a man in our State objected and I kept the place open and would not discuss it for three months, trying to find out whether Mr. Bryan was a candidate or not. If he had been a candidate he would have been nominated and agreed upon the other day without any serious objection. A month ago I received a letter from Mr. Bryan saying he was not a candidate and suggesting that I confer with Gov- ernor Wilson and Mr. Champ Clark. I wrote him saying I did not think that was practicable, because if I went to either one and the Committee should not approve of it, probably it would not be just the thing to do. I could not name the Chairman. I had to report to the Committee and let the Committee name the Chairman this Committee and the Sub- Committee name the Chairman. The difficulty is that the managers of Mr. Clark may favor one man and the managers of Mr. Wilson favor another and so on. When E received the letter from Mr. Bryan, it came to my mind, Who is the next mcst conspicuous living Democrat? Judge Parker occurred to me because he, too, had been a candidate for the Presidency. That fact influenced me more than anything else. That was the only thought I had. The leaders in New York thought it would be a wise thing to do. Here were two big places that ought to go to our two leading men, one the Temporary Chairmanship and the other the chairmanship of the Committee on Eesolutions. We planned that way and I saw no objec- 478 APPENDIX tion to it and thought it was fair and for that reason I presented tht name of Judge Parker. I deemed it to be good politics. lie is recog- nized by the country generally as a conservative, progressive Democrat, lie is as progressive, in any speech he may make, a? any man in this room, or out of it. He was Temporary Chairman of our convention two years ago in Kochester, and if you gentlemen have read his speech, or know of it, you will admit that it is progressive, and the platform adopted at that convention was as progressive as that of any State in the Union. He stood for direct primaries, the election of United States Senators by the people, parcels post, and all the other matters of that kind which have been recently taken up as progressive j.arry policies He presided over that convention and we adopted the platform and every plank in it has been put into effect by the Governor and Legislature of our State. I thought it would be wise politics for this Committee to give this honor to what might be called the conservative men in the party, if there be such a thing. But Judge Parker certainly is not considered by the people of New York to be a conservative, unless it be conservative for a man to stand for the income tax and other general ideas that are favored by the progressives. I therefore saw no objection to his nomina- tion for temporary Chairman of this convention, but, on the contrary, considered it^good politics, for I had in mind that possibly the other gentlemen here might agree upon the permanent Chairman, to which we would have no objection, whether he be a progressive or conservative or what not. For these reasons I present Judge Alton B. Parker, who was agreed upon by your Sub-Committee, as Temporary Chairman, and trust that the full Committee will ratify the action of the Sub-Committee last Thursday in this city. [Applause.] (Mr. Mack resumes the Chair.) THE CHAIRMAN: Are there any further nominations? Mr. Adams, of Colorado, after stating that he had the greatest aou, Mr. Chairman, that this matter of selecting a Temporary Chairman be deferred until we have 480 APPENDIX passed upon these other matters, in the hope, still, that we may find a common ground to stand upon. MR. WOOD, of Michigan: We have delegations coming in here every hour. We are men, not boys; we have work to do and I hope we will meet this situation and let us meet it as far as we can without much debate. MR. JONES, of New Mexico : I believe there is no one who could possibly be more anxious to nominate a successful ticket at this con- vention than I* am. Without conferring with any of the persons who have addressed you, I formed the idea that something might- be done ai this time to allay any friction which might possibly have arisen. 1 second the proposition made by Brother Daniels. MR. HOWELL, of Georgia: I am a member of the Sub-Committee and I am one of the eight who voted to recommend Judge Parker as Temporary Chairman. It is but just to me and it is just to you that I should give you the reasons why I so cast my vote. I came here under the belief, and with what I thought to be the assurance at that time, that the name of William Jennings Bryan would be presented to the Sub-Committee on Arrangements for the position of Temporary Chair- man. I had been notified by Mr. Mack that Mr. Bryan had the matter under consideration and that, at the time Mr. Mack informally com- municated with me, Mr. Bryan was holding in abeyance his decision on the question as to whether or not he would permit the use of his name for the Temporary Chairmanship of this convention. I came here fully prepared to cast my vote for Mr. Bryan, believing that, as the three time leader of the party, he was eminently fit to be chosen as Temporary Chairman of this Convention, and not until I got here did I know thai Mr. Bryan had decided not to permit the use of his name and that the member of this Committee from New York, our distinguished Chairman, took the next logical step, as he conceived it to be, and presented to this Committee the name of the only other living nominee of the party, Alton B. Parker. I, very promptly and as I thought properly, cast my vote . for Judge Parker. Any Democrat can afford to stand on the speech that Judge Parker made at the New York convention. No man can put his finger on a single point that detracts from the loyalty of Judge Parker as a Democrat or from his activity as a progressive. He will not preside for an hour and there isn't a contest before this body, or before the- Committee on Credentials, that will probably be considered ten minutes. You simply have this man call the Convention to order, announce that you are ready for permanent organization, get down to business, nominate your nominee, and every element of the party leases this hall ready to co-operate as an active working Democrat. Do not let us lose that opportunity. Mu. DAVIKS, of Wisconsin: Gentlemen, at the outset permit me to say that I do not purport to sj eak for any man or any candidate. 1 do not apprehend that anything I may be able to say will change this vote APPENDIX 481 here, but I would be recreant to my obligation to the people of Wiscon- sin did I not suggest to you some of the reasons that appeal to them in this situation. \Vc are confronted, gentlemen, with one of the gravest crises in the history of the political parties of this country. That is the big fact in this situation. We must not lose our perspective; we must not allow non-essentials to cloud Ih's fact. Conditions in the country all point to one thing; that the political thought of the country is at the parting of the ways; and that a new party is being born. We should see in thi< situation that there is a great opportunity for the Democratic party to do now what Thomas Jefferson did with the old Republican party, that is divide the opposition and then gobble up the entire Eepublican party ami assimilate it into the Democratic party. This is the big fact that we should get into our minds and do all in our power to effect. I have nothing against Mr. Parker as a lawyer, and as a gentleman I regard him with a most high admiration. I regard the leaders from New York as men of nruch wisdom and earnestness in their purpose; but permit me to say that there is a great body of thinking, independent Democrats who would regard his nomination here as an indication of Wall Street control, and these are men who place principle above party and citi/enship before fealty to party. In the manner in which this situation has developed in the eyes of the people, it has become an issue between certain New York forces and the rest of the country. Do not forgot that the eyes of the country are upon you; that, while some of you have said that this is a non-essential, in the minds of thousands of Democrats who are watching to see what you are going to do, this ques- tion is regarded as vital. May I suggest to you, gentlemen, that you remember that the judgment of the whole country in the history of the Democratic party has been better than the judgment of the leaders of New York. I pray you to remember, gentlemen, that the only times that the Democratic party has gone to success were when Samuel J. Tilden, of Xew York, was elected against the judgment of the leaders of New York, and when Grover Cleveland was elected against the judgment of the leaders of New Y'ork. There is an opportunity here for New York leaders to show to the country that they place devotion to party above the petty considerations of personal dignity. You say here that you are going to have a progressive speech, that Mr. Parker's address is all that the most radical progressive could ask for, that the platform will be progressive. Then why, now, in the name of reason, do you start out by giving the people, who are watching this convention, the idea that the reactionary forces are in control? If these things that you say are true, why allow personal considerations to stand in the way? And T suggest to you now, that, if you persist in this position, the people will make up their minds that this is in fact a deliberate attempt to control the party by reactionary forces; and their verdict will be a powerful rebuke. 482 APPENDIX The situation is pregnant with great possibilities for a great Demo- cratic party. I pray that you men in New York will have breadth, of vision enough, strength of judgment enough, wisdom enough, to see how the country is tending, and what the people are thinking. If you will take this big position with largeness of vision and patriotic principles, you will not persist in this matter. In the name of our great party and its history and traditions, in the name of the great body of thinking, progressive, independent Democrats of the Middle West, do not throttle this great hope for our party, do not kill this hope in the borning. The country is looking now to the Democratic party. May it stand true to its traditions and great principles that our country may endure. MR. KREMER, of Montana: It occurs to me that the Middle West, Southwest and Northwest are having a harder time to determine what is the proper course for this Committee to pursue than almost any section of the country. It occurred to me .that, in all of the arguments that have been presented here by men from all sections of the country, some claiming that it was a fight between the reactionaries and pro gressives, others claiming that we should defer and counsel and advise, there is one question which, to my mind, is greater than any presented. It was said, in one of the arguments presented, that there was no key- note of Democracy. There is a keynote of Democracy and the man who sounds that keynote and declares for equal justice for all and special privileges for none has announced a keynote that resounds in the hearts of everyone of you if you are all true Democrats. I have to go back to Montana after casting my vote and I am willing to meet any criti- cisms that might be cast upon it. The innuendo and insinuation I hurl back without remark. I am willing that the people of my State, the great progressive State, shall judge my actions when I say it was an ordinary vote cast in an ordinary contest, the quintessence of which was justice for the man to whom the Democratic party owed an act of justice, and that man is Judge Parker. Mi;. TAGGART, of Indiana: I do not desire to stop the debate on this question, but I am going to suggest, if I understand the position correctly, the motion before the house is to proceed with the adoption of the recommendation of the Committee on Arrangements in regard to the Temporary Chairmanship. Mr. Paniels made a motion that that be postponed, and I want to ask the Chairman now, ought I make the motion that Mr. Daniels' motion be laid on the table and that we pro- (i'< \\ York Parker. North Carolina ,1 ames. North Dakota James. Ohio James. Oklahoma- Mi;. Iii-:.\DY. of Oklahoma: I understand lhat Mr. James come* from the same town that my sainted mother came from, but is not a real can- didate for Temporary Chairman, and having been able to seciue that information, as I have only been in the city twenty minutes, for that reason I stand by Hie action of the Committee and vote for Mr. Parker, a gentleman I have never seen. Oregon James. Pennsylvania Parker. Rhode Island Parker. South Carolina James. South Dakota James. Tennessee Mi:. Mor.vrrASTLE: I desire to cast my vote with a brief explanatior as follows, I am a warm personal and political friend of Mr. Bryan. If he himself were a candidate before this Committee under ordinary con ditions I would take pleasure in voting for him for Temporary Chairman. 1 am also an adherent of Governor Wilson and because of the manner in which this matter is presented, and believing that. .Midge Parker is an able and true Democrat, and that turning his name down at this stage would be an unwarranted reflection upon him and his democracy, and upon those who feel as lie does, I cast my vote for Mr. Parker. Texas Parker. Utah James. Vermont Parker. Virginia Parker. Washington James. West Virginia MR. McGuAw: As a member of the Committee on Arrangements at the lime this (|\iestion was originally presented I had the honor of pre- senting the name of the honorable and distinguished senator from 490 APPENDIX Now York. I stood for Jiulge 'Gorman then, like Horatio on the bridge, singly and alone, and I want the Secretary of this Committee to record my vote again for Judge O 'Gorman. Wisconsin James. Wyoming James. Alaska Parker. District of Columbia Parker. Hawaii Parker. Porto Eico Parker. Philippines Parker. Missouri MR. GOLTRA. of Missouri: I was absent, Mr. Chairman, when Mis- souri's name was called. Judge Parker is undoubtedly one of our great est Democrats. Ollie James is one of our most able Democrats. I haven't had time to consult with the delegates from Mi>souri, but I understand Mr. James was put forward as a Clark man. and we, from Missouri, are for Clark. MR. W GODSON, of Kentucky: He has not been put forward as a Clark man, but was put forward without his knowledge, permission or consent by a Wilson man from Louisiana. MR. GOLTRA, of Missouri: I was simply stating what I understood and, as long as his name has been put here in nomination, I feel it is my duty to vote for Mr. James. THE CLERK: Twenty for James, thirty one for Parker, two for 'Gorman. THE CHAIRMAN : Mr. Parker having received the votes of a majority of this Committee, he is duly declared the nominee of the National Com- mittee to be presented to the Convention tomorrow. The next order of business is nominating a Temporary Secretary of the Convention. Mi:. JOHNSTON, of Texate: I move that we present the name of the Honorable Urey Woodson for Temporary Secretary. The motion carried unanimously. THE CHAIRMAN: The next order of business will be the naming of the Sergeant at Arms. Mi;. JOHNSTON, of Texas: I move that Colonel John I. Martin, of M -souri, be named as Sergeant at Arms of the Convention. The motion was agreed to. THE CLERK: The next order of business will be contests. The Sec- retary 's office shows that every State and Territory has filed proper credentials and that there are contests from the State of Illinois, State of Pennsylvania, State of Rhode Island, State of South Dakota, State of Texas, Territory of Alaska, District of Columbia, Territory of Porto Rico and Territory of the Philippines. A protest was filed from Ver- mont but withdrawn. Mi:. .JK.\MN<;S, of Florida: I move that the Sub-Committees consist- ing of three be appointed to hear each contest. APPENDIX 491 (Motion agreed to.) The following Committees were appointed to decide contests: South Dakota Messrs. Osborne, Jones and Hall. Texas Messrs. Iludspeth, Mc(iraw and Sapp. Pennsylvania Messrs. Wood, Tucker and Field. Porto Rico Messrs. Jennings, Wallace and Waller. Philippines Messrs. (iullVy. Michelson and Daniels. Alaska Messrs. Browne, Coughlin and Brady. Illinois Me-srs. Howell, Davies and Lynch. District of Columbia Messrs. Williams, Taggart and Wade. Rhode Island Messrs. Mountcastle, Kremer and Ellyson. The Committee took a recess until 9:30 p. m., when the report-; of the Sub-Committees on Contests were lu ard. MEETING OF THE DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COMMITTEE [By resolution of the new Democratic National Committee adopted at a brief meeting held in Baltimore, July 3, 1912, the officers of the old Com- mittee were continued until their successors should be chosen, and Chair- man Mack was authorized, after consultation with Hon. Woodrow Wilson, to call a meeting of the new National Committee at such time and place as might be determined. Pursuant to this authority, Chairman Mack did, at Sea Girt, New Jersey, on July 4, 1912, announce a meeting of the Committee to be held at the Congress Hotel in Chicago on July 15, at 12 o'clock noon.] CONGRESS HOTEL, CHICAGO, ILL., July 15, 1912. THE CHAIRMAN (Mr. Norman E. Mack) : Gentlemen, the Committee will be in order. The Clerk will call the roll. The following is the result of the call of the roll by the Clerk: Alabama Wm. Dorsey Jelks, present. Arizona Reese M. Ling, present. Arkansas W. M. Cavariaugh, present. California John B. Sanford, present. Colorado Thomas J. McCue, present. Connecticut Homer S. Cummings (proxy by Thos. H. Browne), present. Delaware Willard Saulsbury, present. Florida J. T. G. Crawford, present. Georgia Clark Howell (proxy by Urey Woodson), present. Idaho P. H. Elder, no response. Illinois Charles Boeschenstein, present. Indiana Thomas Taggart, present. Iowa Martin J. Wade, present. Kansas William F. Sapp, present. Kentucky John C. C. Mayo, present. Louisiana Eobert Ewing, present. Maine E. L. Jones, present. Maryland J. Fred C. Talbott, present. Massachusetts J. W. Coughlin, present. Michigan Edwin O. Wood, present; Minnesota Frederick B. Lynch, present. Mississippi Eobert Powell, present. Missouri Edward F. Goltra, present. Montana J. Bruce Kremer (proxy by H. C. Wallace), present. Nebraska P. L. Hall, present. Nevada T. J. Bell (proxy by Key Pittman), present. 492 APPENDIX 493 New Hampshire E. E. Eeed (proxy by Henry F. Hollis), present. New Jersey Eobert S. Hudspeth, present. New Mexico A. A. Jones, present. Ni-\v York Norman E. Mack, present. North Carolina Josephus Daniels, present. North Dakota John Bruegger, no response. Ohio E. IT. Moore, present. Oklahoma Robert Galbraith, present. Oregon Will R. King, present- Pennsylvania A. Mitchell Palmer, present. Rhode Islaml George W. Greene, present. S,,ut!i Carolina B. R. Tillman (proxy by T. P. Gore), present. Smith Dakota Thomas Tanbman, no response. Tennessee-- -K. K. L. Mmuitcastle i, proxy liy ilnbeit Fisher), present. Texas Cato Sells, present. I'tah William R. Wallace, present. A'ermont Thomas H. Browne, present. Virginia J. Taylor Ellyson, present. Washington John Pattison, no response. West Virginia John T. McGraw, present. Wisconsin Joseph E. Davies, present. Wyoming John E. Osborne, present. Alaska A. J. Daly (proxy by Roger C. Sullivan), present. District of Columbia John F. Costello, present. Hawaii John H. Wilson, present. Porto Rico Henry W. Dooley, present. Philippine Islands R. E. Manle-y, present. THE CHAIRMAN: A (juorum present. The first order of business will be the selection of Chairman, Secre- tary, and other officers of the National Committee. MR. LYNCH: Mr. Chairman THE CHAIRMAN: Mr. Lynch, of Minnesota. MR. LYNCH: Mr. Chairman, I move that before the selections are made (lie Committee go into executive .session. Mi;. C<,r<;m.iN :: I second that motion, Mr. Chairman. THK CHAIRMAN: It has been moved and seconded that the Com- mittee go into execiitho session. The motion was agreed to. THK SKKCKANT AT-AR.MS: All of those who are not members of the National (V.nmittee will please step out into the other room. KXECUTIVE SESSION. Tin; CHAIUMAN: The first order of business is that of selection of Cliairnmn of this Committee. Nominations for Chairman are in order. .Mi:. UrnsiM'iTH : Mr. Chairman and Fellow Members of this Com- mittee: Regarding the question of a National Chairman, I want to 494 APPKXDIX say that I have the fortune to be the member of this Committee from the State of New Jersey, the home of the nominee of our Party for tht> Presidency. T know, and am sure, by reason of my association, I carry the standard of the Democracy for that State, and it is fitting and proper, in view of the suggestions made by you, Mr. Chairman, on behalf of this Committee, to Governor Wilson, at the time the mem- bers of this Committee met at Seagirt, that they would like to hear from him in connection with the chairmanship, which was according TO memorial custom and precedent. Governor Wilson very gladly ac- cepted the suggestion, and lias given deep thought to this matter. What we desire to accomplish and when I say we, I s; eak now of all the members j. resent here is victory, victory based upon absolute harmony amc*igst all the members of this Committee. And I feel that when I suggest a name for the National Chairmanship, that each and all of the members here will be in hearty accord with that suggestion. Now, the name I am about to present, Mr. Chairman, I think you all know of. The man had close connection with the preliminary cam pa : gn. For the last year and a half'he has given undivided attention and faithful work in connection with that campaign. He has shown wide knowledge of public men and public affairs. He has great sagacity; and he has, above all, the faithful and loyal progressive sentiment tliat animates the country at this time. I take great pleasure, as the member from New Jersey, to offer the name of Mr. William F. McCombs, as National Chairman, and I iioin inate that gentleman for that office. Mi:. TAGGART: Mr. Chairman, I second the nomination of Mr. McCombs. and I move that it be made unanimous by this Committee. THE CHAIRMAN: Are there any further nominations? MR. \YADK.: Mr Chairman, I think it might be well for me to add a word to what Judge Hudspeth has already said here. To those of us who have been in the heat of many political battles, we realize what it means to organize this Committee. We realize the great responsibility of this moment. It is one of grave responsibilities, and means much to Democracy and to the country. We have had in the past, since my connection with politics, some of the ablest men of this country at the head of the National Committee; and as we now take up a new fight and a new leadership, we cannot but help feel that he has set before him a splendid example of loyalty, courage, determination and work by the last Chairman, and the Chairman who preceded him, and the Chair- man before him. [Applause.] \\'e are at a time when Republicans are declaring their intention of supporting the Democratic nominee. But, I want to say to these men hero to day. that \\e cannot go into this campaign upon any such promises nor any such outlook. We have got to go into this campaign Miiincd to make this a great Democratic victory, because we know how uncertain are the promises that come to use at this stage of a APPENDIX 495 political campaign. And, therefore, it is essential that we should organize. Get behind the leaders that are chosen, and then work with this same determination, just as if there was not a Republican in the United States who had expressed his preference for our candidate. Therefore, I take great pleasure in seconding the nomination of .Mr. McCombs, whose experience and loyalty to the candidate and to the cause has been fully demonstrated. THE CHAIRMAN : It has been moved and seconded that the election of Mr. McCombs be made unanimous by this Committee. All those in favor of that motion will manifest it by saying aye. The motion was unanimously agreed to. MR. McGRAw : Mr. Chairman, I move that a Committee of Three be appointed to escort Mr. McCombs to the Chair. The motion was duly seconded and agreed to. THE CHAIRMAN : I will appoint Mr. McGraw of West Virginia, Mr. Taggart of Indiana, and Mr. Daniels of North Carolina, to escort the new Chairman into the room. MR. TALEOTT: I move that the Chairman say something while they are bringing the new one down here. THE CHAIRMAN: One thing I want to say, I want to thank the old members of this Committee, as well as the new members whom I have had occasion to meet once or twice, for their uniform courtesy and kindness to me during my term as Chairman of this Committee. I don 't think any Chairman, or any man ever had a more loyal lot of men back of him than I have. They h just made, and I call for a rising vote. MR. HUDSPETH: Mr. Chairman, before that is done, I want to second the motion, and if you will permit me to, I want to pay my humble tribute to the retiring Chairman. I don't suppose, outside of a half dozen members of the Committee although a junior member of this august body that any man was much closer than I was to him during the campaign of 1908. And, I want to say with all the sincerity that within me lies, that we never had u better National Committeeman than the retiring Chairman. He has worked faithfully, and his every effort true to the cause; resourceful. and a man to follow, with great hope and buoyancy. Now, I know what Mr. Mack has gone through, and I feel sure that when we pass this resolution that it is not perfunctorily passed. It is an emanation from the heart and brain of us all, and I want to conclude what I have to say by saying that I trust we are not saying good-bye to you, Mr M.-ick, but simply au revoir. [Applause.] The motion was unanimously adopted by a rising vote. Mi:. SAULSBURY: Mr. Chairman, it is carried unanimously. THE CHAIRMAN: Gentlemen, I want to lhank you. I was goin^ \<> add a while ago, although I know that you will all think it is unneces- saryI hope so at least that the new Chairman will have my most cordial support and assistance in every way from now on until we name the next President, who I am sure will be a Democrat. There is nothing that I will leave undone to help him along in his work for the next four months, and it uill be a great source of pleasure for me to do it. [Applause.] Mu. LYNCH: I am going to supplement the motion of Mr, Saulsbury. nnd suggest that a Committee of Mr. Wade, Mr. Saulsbury and Mr. Osbornc be selected to prepare and to have fittingly engrossed the resolution of this committee which we feel is owing to Mr. Mack, arid have it extended to him on behalf of the Committee,, The motion was duly seconded, APPENDIX 497 Mu. LYNCH: You have heard the motion. AH in favor of that mot ion, signify by saying aye. MR. LYNCH: The motion is carried. TIIK CHAIRMAN: If yon are all concluded, I want to say that Senator Gore is present here. I know that he would be glad to do a little work, as he has been away from tin 1 Senate for some time. [Applause.] SKNATOR GORE: 1 don't know what I have ever done to the retiring Chairman to call this down on my bead. THE CHAIRMAN : You spent a day with me at Buffalo, Senator SKNATOR GORE: I remember it very cordially, and very kindly, and I wish to second what the retiring Chairman iias said, and I wish to second what Judge Wade has said. It is true, the Democratic party enters this contest united, and I believe unanimously that our tick.'t is a tower of strength. The Republican party enters this contest over whelmed with confusion; that to them is a magazine of destruction. And yet, gentlemen, T have seen the Republicans win too many tights during the last three weeks of a campaign to take anything for granted in this contest. We must wage a vigorous and an unremitting campaign until the battle is done and until the victory is won, never ceasing day or night until every devout wish is a reality. I have never seen a Democratic majority too big to suit me, an-! I shall not be the one to say that the one we shall roll up this fall will be too big. Let us carry on this contest like we lacked a million votes to \\in and didn't know where a Dingle vote was coming from. If takes three things and we will have success in the campaign it takes three things to conduct a campaign: Hope of success campaign funds and successful management. In the past \\e have not had very much hope, and we have had very little of campaign funds. Let us organize this country this year so that. every Democratic candidate in the United States from constable to Governor and Senator will know that this National Organization is at his back and cheer him on in his contest. We can make Democracy a dominant political force in this country for generations to come. Gentlemen, I thank you. [Applause.] The newly elected Chairman, Mr. AVilliam F. MeCombs. was escorted to the chair. Mi:. TAGGART: Gentlemen, members of the Democratic Naiional Committee, I have the pleasure to present to you your new National Chairman, .Mr, McCombs, [Applause,] (Mr, Mack handed the gavel to Mr. McCombs.) [Applause.) MK, Mi'COMBs: Gentlemen, I am deeply appreciative of the honor >vhii>li you have conferred upon mo. I can hardly believe that I deserve it, am! I consider it as a compliment to the grout man whom you all |ia\ r as-isted in nominating for President of the t'nitcd States, Governor \Voodro\v AVilson. [Applause.] I shall endeavor, of course, to fulfill the functions of this greal, office to the utmost of my ability. But I realize that in this body re- 498 A PPENDIX poses a great fleal of the strength of the Democracy of which you are selected as representatives in your respective States. In you is reposed a great deal of power and justified power. And I hope and know that I will obtain the earnest co-operation of every member of this Committee in the great endeavor which I am about to embark upon. And I want you all to know that I have the kindliest feeling toward every member of this Committee, and that the Governor of New Jersey has a kindly feeling for everyone. We must go now upon a campaign of harmony. We have been through a pre-nomination campaign which has involved the names of a number of very estimable gentlemen in connection with the Presidency of the United States, and I am happy to say that we have all come out of it without any feeling of bitterness. We have united upon :i candidate whom the Democrats can support and whom I know they all will support. I earnestly hope that in this endeavor into which I am about to embark, you will all feel that I need your advice and your assistance, and I trust that you will tender it freely. [Applause.] THE CHAIRMAN : The next business is the selection of the Secretary of this Committee. MR. HUDSPETH: Mr. Chairman. I nominate for the next Secretary of this Committee Mr. Josepn E. Davies, of Wisconsin. MR. OSBORNE: Mr. Chairman, I take pleasure in seconding the motion. THE CHAIRMAN: Are there any further nominations? If not, all in favor of Mr. Davies will say aye. [Chorus of ayes.} THE CHAIRMAN: Those opposed, no. [No response.] THE CHAIRMAN : Mr. Davies is elected. MR. COSTELLO: Mr. Chairman, after listening to the addresses of the members of this Committee, I want to say that I have a little message here from one of the candidates before the recent Convention, and I think it would be of interest and pleasure to all of the members of this Committee. It reads as follows: "My dear Costello: You arc about to start to meet your fellow committeemen at Chicago. I write this note to wish you a pleasant journey and a safe return. I hope that the Committee will form its plans wisely for the success of Wilson and Marshall, and organize for the campaign immediately and thoroughly. Yours truly, Champ Clark." [Applause.] MR. McGRAW: Mr. Chairman, I move that we now proceed to the completion of the organization of the Committee by electing a Sergeant- at-Arms before any other business intervenes. MR. GOLTRA: Mr. Chairman, I desire to place in nomination the name of Col. John I. Martin, of Missouri, for Sergeant at-Arms. MR. COVGHUN: I second that motion. MR. TAGGART: I move before we proceed with any further business that our new Secretary be placed in office. A VOICE: Ask him to make a speech. APPENDIX 499 MR. DA VIES: Mr. Chairman, and Gentlemen of this Committee: f had not thought it would be necessary to be formally introduced into office, although I appreciate the courtesy and consideration that prompted the act. It would be ungracious of me if I did not say, Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen, that I appreciate the kindness and the honor that you have done to me. I recognize in it a recognition not of any particular merit, but perhai s of the Great Middle West of this country, from which district I happen to come and in which I am fortunate enough to live. I have only this to say: that in the coming campaign all of the youth, the energy and the insistence of purpose that I can put inlo the performance of the duties of this office in an insistent manner will be at your command. It will be my purpose to so act that I may be as favorably consii'.eied at the end of my term of office as the two distin- guished gentlemen, the Honorable Chairman and the Honorable Secre- tary at the conclusion of their term. Mi:. DANIELS: 1 move that the thanks of this Committee be ex- tended Mr. Woodson, the retiring Secretary, for the patriotic, efficient and accommodating service rendered by him during the eight years he has been in office. The motion was duly seconded. THE CHAIRMAN: You have heard the motion. MR. DAXIELS: And that it be engrossed. THE CHAIRMAN: All in favor of that motion say aye. THE CHAIRMAN : Unanimously carried. MR. GOLTRA ; T call for the question now on the nomination of a Sergeant-at-Anna That is now in order, Mr. Chairman. THE CHAIRMAN: Are there any further nominations? If not. all those in favor of John I. Martin for Bergean-at-Arms, say aye. (A chorus of ayes.) THE CHAIRMAN: Those opposed, no. (No response.) THE CHAIRMAX: The motion is unanimously carried. MR. MI-GI;A\V: T move that the Chairman tender to the Honorable Cham)) Clark, for the kindly message he has sent by the member of this Committee from the District of Columbia, the cordial thanks of this Committee and that it be done by wire. The motion was duly seconded. THE CHAIRMAN: All in favor of that motion signify by saying aye. (A chorus of ayes.) THE CHAIRMAN: Opposed, no. (No response.) THE CHAIRMAN: The motion is unanimously carried. MR. HrnspETH: I desire to move the adoption of a resolution, and 1 wish to preface the offer by this statement: The resolution I am about 1o offer calls for the appointment of a Campaign Committee for the I'.-uiy. ft calls for the appointment of a Campaign Committee 500 APPENDIX through you, Mr. Chairman, power being given by the members of this Committee. The resolution when I read it will speak for itself. But I want the members of this Committee to understand that in offering this resolution I am not offering a resolution that is unprecedented. The appointment of a Campaign Executive Committee has been very common with this Committee, running back during National Campaigns for years; so that the appointment now of this committee will not be unusual. It was thought, in view of the kind suggestion of the former Chairman and members of this Committee, in connection with the formation of a Campaign Committee or Executive Committee, or the es- tablishment of a program, that it was in perfect accord with those ideas, the proposition 1 am now about to make. Am!, 1 wisli to ask for the hearty co-operation of each and every member in connection with not only the giving of power to the Chair to make the. appointment of this committee, but that the membeis of the National Committee at all times act in hearty accord with the Committee when appointed, if this resolution is adoj ted. I ir.ove the adoption of the resolution. THE CHAIRMAN : The Secretary will read the resolution. THE SECRETARY: (Beading.) "Resolved, That the Chairman l.e authorized and empowered to select, by and with the advice of the nominee for President, a Campaign Committee to consist of not less than nine members, a majority of whom shall be members of the National Committee; said Committee to be vested with full power to conduct the National Campaign and to do all^acts and things necessary and proper to carry into effect the objects of this resolution. This Committee shall have power also to appoint a Treasurer of the National Committee, and all committees and other necessary officers, and to establish rules governing its action. The Chairman of the National Committee shall be Chairman of this Committee." MR. HUDSPETH: Mr. Chairman, I move the adoption of the reso- lution. MR. TAGGART: Mr. Chairman, I second the motion that the resolu- tion be adopted, and I feel, as Judge Hudspeth has said, that in this campaign it will lie the duty of every National Committee. nan to give to the Chairman and to give this Committee that he may appoint, their hearty and loyal support. It is true, that as the resolution says, it calls for no le?s than nine. Every member of the National Committee can- not be a member of this Executive Committee. But I feel, whether they are members or not, that their very best efforts in Their own Spates ;,ii-l i.thor States should be given to this Committee and to the Chairman. I second the motion for its adoption. MK. MACK: Mr. Chairman. 1 am in hearty accord with Judge ilii. If I recall, the resolution states 1 hat the committee is to consist of nine MR. JIuDSi'ETH: Not less than that many. THE CHAIRMAN: Not less than nine. .Mi:. GOLTRA: Not kss than nine, a majority of whom shall be memliers of the National ( ounnittee. It seems to me that it is a very {ood resolution, and 1 desire to second the motion to adopt the reso- lution. MR. TALBOTT: I want to say that I second the motion, with the request that I be not placed on the Committee. THE CHAIRMAN: All those in favor of the resolution please say aye. (A chorus of ayes.) THE CHAIRMAN: Opposed, no. (No response.) THE CHAIRMAN : The resolution is unanimously carried. MR. TAGGART: May I say u word please.' After T say this, why 1 won't do any more talking. [Laughter.] With the assistance of the gentlemen ] nsent, Indiana was able to land the Vice-Presidency. A VOICE: Once more. Mi:. TA<;<;ART: I didn't say once more. A VOICE: Again, then. MR. TA<;<;ART: It is only a few hours ride from Chicago t'o Indian- apolis, and 1 would like to invite the gentlemen who are here assembled, after they get through with their business here today, for which they have been called here, go to Indianapolis and pay their respects to Governor Marshall. [Applause.] MR. MACK: I second the motion. MR. TAGGART: And if we decide to go, we will make arrangements for the number of members who can go. If there are some gentle- men who want to go East from there after visiting Indianapolis, I think we can make arrangements for some of them to go back to New York, say that night. I think we can make reservations, if we desire, even to leave Indianapolis tomorrow afternoon. We can leave here tonight at 11:30 o'clock and take a sleeper and remain in it, or we can leave here at 2:45 on the sleeper and go to Indianapolis, and get to Indianapolis at 8 o 'clock in the morning, and get breakfast, and then go and call on the Governor. So that if you have your business adjusted here so that yon can get away, I would be glad to have a list of people who will go so that we can make rhe necessary arrangements to take care of them. MR. DANIELS: I move that the invitation be accepted with thanks, and that every member of the Committee who can possibly do so should enjoy the trip to Indianapolis. THE CHAIRMAN: The Chairman sincerely hopes that he can go with 502 APPENDIX the Committee, but he has some engagements here which may prevent him. However, I will give myself the distinguished pleasure of calling on the next Vice-President a little later. What is the further pleasure of the Committee? MR. McGRAW : I move the Secretary of this Committee be authorized to appoint his own Assistant Secretary or Associate Secretary. THE CHAIRMAN: Do I hear a second to the motion? SENATOR GORE: I second the motion. MR. WOOD: I didn't say anything with reference to that resolution, but we are all heartily in favor of it. I hope it will -be nine and not many move. I hope it will not be scattered all along, for compliments, but I hope it will be a close working force. I was in favor of the Cam- paign Committee, and the Chairman^of the National Committee as the Chairman of the Campaign Committee. Therefore, I was heartily in accord with this, because it had one executive head. I think that resolution, without any amendments, carries with it that the Chairman of the National Committee is its executive head, and that is the Executive Committee, and they have full authority. I don't think it is necessary to amend that a particle. THE .CHAIRMAN: Is there any further dicussion of the amendment f MR. M,ACK : I was going to suggest, Mr. Chairman, that the Chairman of the National Committee should be directed to secure head- quarters at once, because it will take some few days before your Committee will be appointed. You are here in Chicago. You may want the headquarters here. I don't know that you will, but you may. It seems to me the Chairman of this Committee should be empowered to forthwith arrange for headquarters here or elsewhere, and not have to wait until this Committee is appointed. I think that the members will agree with me. THE CHAIRMAN : Will you put that in" the form "of a resolution. MR. SULLIVAN : Is it possible to state now your policy as to head . quarters? My idea on that is this: That you are here today, and if your headquarters is going to be at a certain place, Chicago or New York, or wherever it is, it would satisfy a lot to have that settled before they go home. Of course, if they want to wait until the Committee is all appointed, and that is settled, why well and good. Many of the members here might have some suggestions to make along that line. And if it could be done in fact, I think if all those things are closed up as soon as possible, with good sense and judgment, why the better, be cause you will avoid the pulling and the hauling, and you will satisfy more people by quick action than you will by a delayed proposition. If we can go out into the country today with many of these things settled there would not be as much pulling and hauling and quibbling as if you string it along for a week or two more and the news- papers find out what you are going to do about this, writing it up and so forth. I merely make that suggestion. APPENDIX 503 Mi;. Cuuuiiux: I am fully in accord with the suggestions made by Mr. Sullivan because experience in the past twenty-four or twenty-five years indicates that we have postponed too long the preliminary work of the organization. Now, I was very jiiurh impressed with the opening remarks of the Chairman relative to the work which he expected from the members of the National Committee, placing upon each member of each State certain responsibilities from which he is not absolved after the Com- mittee which is to be selected by the Chairman has been made up. L want that for this reason I am glad that was stated for this reason: That it has been intimated by some of our Republican friends that the National Committee was to be absorbed and eliminated by the new organization. I knew that wasn't so, and I have already refuted publicly any such charge that was alleged, and they are waiting now to find out whether there is to be a personal organization or an organ- ization of the whole Committee. And I want to say to you, Mr. Chairman, that so far as my State is concerned, we will be in strict accord and will follow the policy outlined by that Committee, and will render such service, independent of whatever the Committee itself may do, relying upon ourselves and perform that service in a way that will be beneficial to the head of the ticket and the organization gen- erally. And I hope that the statement made by the Chairman will be circulated liberally all over the country, that the National Organiza- tion stands as a unit back of the Committee selected, and that the Chairman of this Committee relies upon the labors and the zeal and the efforts of each National Committeeman in the various States of the Union to give to him the fullest measure of their service in the con- flict that is now before us. I am also pleased that the Chairman has taken the position and imposed upon us the duty of seeing to it that he is advised of the political conditions in our States, because, Mr. Chairman, there is no man in any Commonwealth of this Republic who is more familiar with the dangers that we have got to face, and the complex problems which we have got to settle than the men who have been selected in those States by the delegates and who were sent to represent those States either whether they were elected by the old system of the Convention or by the preferential primary. And I say this advisedly, Mr. Chairman, because it is nothing new to me. I have devoted twenty-five years of my life to the service of the party, and I have seen some very great blunders made. I have seen some serious mistakes made by the most experienced men at the most inopportune moment, mistakes that crushed our hopes, and subsided our aspirations r by the fact that people who were not familiar \\itli the political conditions of their States sometimes being taken in as advisors, and they sometimes represented factions, and those were all inimical to the best results and the desired results of every honest, patriotic, decent Democrat in the country. And I say 504 APPENDIX to you. Mr. Chaiiman. and I do' not say it because I belie", e that im judgment is hotter th:.n youis. but it is 1 ecause I liave in day-i g n, fought many c;:mpaigns and I know tl.at you will rely upon the ad\ i.-r largely of :hos> nun \\ ho have been selected by their variou- States, whom you believe will bring to yen honest information that wiil as you in fighting the tattle that you have now had placed in yi.ur hands to fight. And i believe, as 1 stated at the beginning, that the quicker we do this work, the quicker that we select our headquarters and tho quicker we consummate our organization, why, the more ready we ;u for the fight, and the better work we can do in the next four month-. I believe that in the last campaigns \\e were delayed by many weeks, and these delays were net for the best interests of the party, although that was in a way because the National Committee had taken no action as ,1 whole. And I hope, in accordance with the suggestion made, tha: Chicago. Illinois, will be accepted i\v this Committee; that they will designate this as their headquarters, so that when we go out of today we are open to battle. [Applause.] MR. TALEOTT: Mr. Chairman, I am in accord with the - _. made, but 1 do not think it fair to the gentlemen to be associated with you on this Committee that you should at once say what you arc going to do. because the organization of that Committee is for the pur;ioje o;' establishing headquarters and conducting this campaign. Now. I agree with all of the men that the quicker it is done the better. Name your committee just as soon as possible, and then select your headquarters. I do not think, with great respect to the Chairman, that the Chaiim.'ii ought to go ahead with the work and then call the Committee to ratify it, because they may have some good suggestions and some go ' advice to give you. THE CHAIRMAN: I think Mr. Talbott 's point is well taken. How ever, this Committee will be selected very quickly, and 1 quite :;j with the gentleman from Massachusetts that we ought to get our or ganizntior. perfected quickly and get the work started at once. MR. CoutJHUN: I am making the suggestion, while the Committee may not desire at this time to impose upon the Chairman the bility of making the suggestion as to location, yet I do not believe that the Chairman would feel that the Committee was going too far if the Committee now suggested to the Chairman what it believed to be the correct location of the headquarters. THE CIIAIUMAN: J will be delighted to have tho- - __ -tions. .him:: Hrnsi-KTH: In connection with this matter that has been discussed, we do know one member of this Executive Committee. eur Campaign Committee, and that is yourself. And I feel sure, from your experieme in these matters, that you will invite from the members of the National Committee their ideas as to where the headquarters should In- i -;alilished. There are gentlemen here from all the different States, for t'nei-- standing in the party, representing their party in their APPENDIX 505 respective States, and they are familiar with the conditions in the lifl'erent States. I think that you would be only too willing to invite suggestions from these gentlemen, giving you information, so that you can convey this to the Committee when appointed. And I know that the information you get will be very illuminating and valuable. THE CHAIRMAN : That is quite in accordance with my preliminary statement. I would like the advice of the entire Committee, or every member of the Committee, and it will be considered as an advantage now or at any other time. MR. MOORE : I simply rise to inquire. It has been suggested that it is the purpose of the Campaign Committee to co-operate with the Com- mitteemen of the various States. It was very properly suggested that it is the duty of the Committeeinen to give to the Chairman every aid. Now, we Democrats, as well as the Republicans, do not altogether agree. At times we have what is known in common parlance or what is designated as factions. I rise to inquire whether it is the purpose of the Chairman to consult with the member from a State before the selection of the members of that Campaign Committee be made. I would suggest, in the interest of harmonious working, that each be consulted. I take it for granted that that is true, and I only rise to the inquiry. THE CHAIRMAN: I believe the resolution reads, "by and with the advice of the nominee. ' ' The Chairman, of course, will be delighted to have the individual suggestions of every member of this Committee upon the composition of that Committee. MR. MOORE : Mr. Chairman, the members of the Committee, like myself, have no desire to impose their suggestions upon the Chairman or upon the candidate, who undoubtedly has given this matter more thought than any member of the Committee has given. Unless it was the purpose of the Chairman to select a member of the Committee from any particular State, for instance, I have no desire to give advice unless asked for it, but I realize the difficulty the Chairman is in THE CHAIRMAN: I invite your advice, Mr. Moore, upon the question. MR. MOORE: I don't care to impose it. As I say, I understand the complexities with which, the Chairman has to deal under circumstances like this, and I don 't care to impose advice, as I say, unless there was a desire in the mind of the Chairman to select a member from my particular State. I truly think my advice then might be worth something. THE CHAIRMAN: I invite you, Mr. Moore, and all other members of the Committee, to make suggestions, and to give me that advice upon that point, as well as all other points. MR. TAGGART": Mr. Chairman, in regard to the discussion as to head- quarters, and the time for selecting it, I want to say this: I presume, if there is only one headquarters, there will be but two cities considered, 506 APPENDIX and one would be Chicago an* the other would be New Y'm-k. Why would it not be a good time for the members to discuss it. For instance, there would be one headquarters, A one of the two cities, it might be here or in New York. THE CHAIRMAN : I think discussion upon that point would be proper. Ms. LYNCH: That was the purpose of it. I believe there should be one. I think the headquarters should be in Chicago or New York. Probably every member of the Committee has his preference as to where the headquarters should be. SENATOR GORE: It occurred to me it might be necessary to have sub-headquarters here and there, probably in the far West. It seems to me that the Chairman of the Committee that is proposed would govern; his wishes will be considered in all instances, and he certainly can be intrusted with the designation of the place where the head- quarters will be. I don't know but what yon will experience some trouble you will call down more trouble than you will obviate when you go into detail. MR. TAGGART: I will withdraw my suggestion. COL. E\VING:' I disagree with Senator Gore. I think something ought. to be left to the Committee. I don 't think that there is anything that this Committee can undertake to act upon better than the selection of the cities in which they propose to maintain headquarters. It goes without saying, and I believe it is in the minds of everybody, that we will have headquarters in Chicago and in New York. But the question of headquarters in the West is a broad proposition. We have here today men from the far West, the Pacific Coast. They, I think, more properly and more intelligently could suggest as to where the headquarters ought to be in the West. We ought to take that up today. I don 't think it is -any infringement on the rights or the functions of this proposed Committee to be selected under the resolution of Judge Hudspeth, even if this Committee went so far as to designate today the points at which we should have headquarters after a free discus im. of the matter here. I think if we are going to act promptly in this matter, we can act more promptly after getting the views of the mem- bers from the far West as to the proper location for the western head- quarters than we could after waiting for this Committee to be appointed and then for this Committee to seek that information from the very men that are here today, and get the information then. I think that we ought to go ahead with it now. * I move that we now take up the subject of selecting headquarters, as far as the city is concerned. We can leave to this Campaign Com- mittee the location of the site, as to whether it should be outside of hotels or inside of hotels. THE CHAIRMAN: What is that? I don't hear you. Mr:. K\VIN<;: T say that I move that this Committee now take up APPENDIX 507 the subject cf the location of the headquarters, that is, in what cities they shall he located, and leave to this Campaign Committee, after it is selected, the designation of the particular cities where the headquarters should be. THE CHAIRMAN: What is the motion! M:;. LYNCH: I believe I had the floor when I was interrupted. I want it. I have got something to say. and I am going to s-.iy it. A VOICE: All right. Go on. MR. LYNCH: I think it is eminently proper that the members of this Committee should express to the Executive Committee, if it shall be BO difficult to agree upon it, where they believe the headquarters should be. There can 1>? only cue headquarters. Whether it is at Chicago or New York is a matter of opinion. But there can be only one. Whether there should be sub-headquarters or not should be left to the Executive Committee. And. inasmuch as 1 had the floor, I am going to make a motion that this National Committee take a vote of recommendation to the Executive Committee, by a majority vote, as to whether the head- quarters shall be in Chicago or New York. MR. TAGGART: The main headquarters. There is only one head- quarters. COL. K \VING: Aien't you going to discuss at the same time the sub- headquarters .' MR. LYNCH: Xo. COL. EWING: That is the important thing to be done. Mu. LYNCH: Let it be taken up later. COL. EWINU: Let it be taken up today. THE CHAIRMAN: I believe Col. Ewiug has a motion before the house. Perhaps he withdraws his motion. COL. EwiNt;: If you are going to take up the location as to head- quarters on the question between Chicago and New York I have no objection. I think we ought to take counsel with the members from the West as to where the sub-headquarers, if you want to so term it. ought to be located. JUDGE HUD.SPETH- Will yon permit me to offer a motion that should precede yours, properly? I will tell you what it is: That in the choice of headquarters, wherever they are located, that those headquarters shall be established in an office building and not in any hotel building. I make that as a motion. THE CHAIRMAN: T don't quite understand. Is there a motion still before the Ho; JUDGE HUDSPETH: T withdraw it. then. MR. POWELL: It occurs to me I want to offer this as a substitute to my friend's motion here it occurs to me we have turned over the management of th : s campaign to a Central Executive Committee, and that Committee we expect to hold responsible for its successful conclu- sion. (Cries of "Hear, hear!") My idea about it is, sir. that the 508 APPENDIX establishment of a campaign headquarters in any particular city is a matter that ought to be left to the discretion of this Campaign .Com- mittee. And I move now, as a substitute, that the whole matter be referred to that Committee with discretion that hey ac as they please. The motion was seconded by several committeemen. Gov. ELLYSON : Mr. Chairman, if anybody has any interest iu the matter, it ought to be the Chairman of the Committee. His convenience ought to be consulted more than that of the other members. But we have referred this matter to a Committee, as has just been suggested, and it ought to be left there, with all the questions that grow out of it. Why should we undertake to settle matters of detail when we have by formal resolution authorized the creation of a Committee to whom we have referred all the questions of importance relating to the campaign? I therefore hope it will be the pleasure of this Committee not to determine upon any locality as a place where the headquarters shall be established, but leave that to the Committee on whose judgment I am sure we can rely. MR WOOD: Mr. Chairman, in order that we may have action by the Committee on this matter, I want to support the substitute that was offered, that it be referred with power to act to the Chairman of the Executive Committee; I want to support that. It seems to me a thousand things are going to come up. We might as well talk copper rivets and brass tacks here. We might make headquarters and sub- headquarters and might find we are duplicating the work, costing us thousands of dollars, and we might not have that money at all. I think we have a good executive head and a good Executive Committee. I think the best thing we can do is to leave it with them. MR. JELKS: I move you that the motion and the substitute be laid on the table. THE CHAIRMAN: Is there a second? The motion was seconded. MR. MANLEY: I rise to a point of order. I believe all this matter has been delegated to this Committee. These motions are all out of urdor, regardless of what merit they may have. The authority to fix that has been delegated to the Committee. I believe all of this is out of order. THE CHAIRMAN: I think the matter is in order. It does seem to the Chair, however, that the question has been previously covered by the resolution as adopted. MR. DOOLEY: It seems the idea that Mr. Lynch, of Minnesota, and Colonel Ewing, of Louisiana, had in mind, was not to tie the hands in any way of this Sub-Committee, but, while the National Committee was here, to get an expression of opinion for such information and guidance to the chairman of the Committee as possible. Mr. Lynch 's motion, as I understood it, was only a recommendation or suggestion, and not one which bound the Sub-Committee in any way, shape or form. APPENDIX 509 .Mu. GOLTRA: Mr. Chairman, in this jumble of resolutions we have just had in the last ten minutes here, this thought comes queerly to me. I think they were all unnecessary. The chairman, after a number of gentlemen had stated to him, that is, several of the gentlemen had stated to him, that they thought it would be well to discuss this matter, immediately said to us he would be glad to have the views of all of the members of the Committee, and if you will recall, he asked that the roll or was just about to ask that the roll be called, in order that the various committeemen might state what they thought about the matter, the Chair simply desired to yet the opinion of all of us. That was all their was to it. The resolutions are not necessary; and if the Chair still i!t sins to hear from them, why not call the roll, and if any one wants to rise and say anything, let him say it. We have delegated full authority to this Committee, and I don't think that the resolutions are neressaiy whatsoever, Mr. Chairman. MR. JKLKS: I made a motion to lay the motion and substitute on the table, and I think if we were to take a vote here, as is suggested, it would only embarrass the Chairman and the Nominee. They would feel almost forced, perhaps, to follow the suggestion, which they might consider to be very unwise. I therefore made the motion to lay the motion of .Mr. Lynch and the substitute of Judge Powell on the table. MR. T.UiGART: I second that motion. MR. EWIXG: Mr. Chairman, I think THE CHAIRMAN: This is not debatable, Colonel Ewing. MK. KWIXG: We are here discussing it. I don't think we ought to proceed with this kind of method. MR. TAGGART: May I say a word? I feel that in the organization of this new Committee there are going to be a great many questions coining up. and when it comes to the question of locating headquarters, if a vote was taken to-day, it might be in opposition to what you wish and what your Committee might want, and, as the gentleman from Alabama said, it might embarrass you somewhat. The questions of sub-committees or sub-headquarters are matters that will have to be 'determined by this Committee in regard to the various locations or States in which the campaign will have to be made; and I believe there is but one question that should come up/ and that would be that this Committee that we have empowered the Chairman to appoint should have a right to select a location, and later in their judgment, if they desire additional headquarters in different parts of the United States, the resolution gives them the right to carry the campaign on. I think you will find, if 3*011 take a vote to-day, or if you take the expressions, it may be in perfect accord of what the Executive Committee might desire, but it might be in variance with it; but whatever the expression oi' tliis Committee \\a*. they would either have to follow it or be em- barrasM'il by avoiding it and 1 believe tlieie is not a Democrat in the room or a man on the Committee who does not feel that this Committee, 510 Al'I'EXDIX whoever they may be. should have the power to carry on the campaign, in conjunction with the Chairman and Governor Wilson, just as they wish and choose. I believe it will be unwise for us to embarrass the chairman by asking or trying to locate the headquarters to-day. I have confidence in whoever the committee may be. that they will have enough trouble in doing the thing just right, and I believe the thing to do to-day is to leave it in the hands of the Chairman to appoint his committee and select the place of 1m headquarters and additional sub- headquarters, if necessary. THE CHAIRMAN': The question is upon Governor Jelk 's motion to lay the original motion and substitute upon the table. MR. MACK: Mr. Chairman Mi:. JELKS: I withdraw it, if Mr. Mack wants to talk, until he gets through. MR. MACK: Mr. Chairman. I am going back to my original sugges- tion. Mr. Taggart, who preceded me as Chairman of the Committee, I see, has the same thing in mind. The headquarters don't amount to much, if that is all we are going to have, headquarters. The first thing after you ha% - e headquarteis, the Chairman mvrst take up and I wil; tell him something that he don't know, that he is up against, and he might be ready for it the matter of printing is the important thing. Headquarters is easy. The next thing is to get the headquarters equipped with printing. Four years ago we lost two weeks before we got a Chairman. This year we have lost ten days. We are a little bit better off than we were four yeais ago. I needed that two weeks badly for the purpose of getting out my printing. The first. thing this Chairman will want when he gives it consideration, which he probably has now, will be the ordering of printing; and I want to say now, he will not only have to order the printing, but he will have to guarantee the pay- ment of it himself before he will get it. And he needs time to order it; that ought to be begun at once. There are two things that the chairman of this committee should be permitted to do forthwith, that is to ]( rate his headquarters wherever he thinks best, and the next is to be permitted to order his printing, because it takes weeks to get the printing. If he don't do that, he is robbing the Committee of a great deal of neci>sary time. You will have difficulty in getting your printing out anyway, and if you don 't order it at once, you won 't have your printing in time. The printing is of no use to you in November, in October. You have got to have it in August, some of it ; early in nibcr, all of it. There are two things the Chairman should lie permitted to do, and that is to locate his headquarters at onc'e, in order that lie may be equipped properly. It takes time to do that. - It tukes a good deal of time to prepare them and get them ready for occupancy. The next thing is the matter of printing. That he will have to do anyuay. Some man must do that, anyway, and the Chairman will have In it. That the Committee cannot very well do because they will APPENDIX 511 lie putting it off from one man to the other, and the Chairman should have that authority. And I hope this committee will now give the chairman of the committee the authority to arrange for his headquarters. Whatever may he done afterwards in the way of sub-headquarters, that is another matter, but he should be permitted to secure his headquarters now and order the printing at once. If not, a great mistake will be made on the part of this Committee. (Cries of "Question.") MR. SULLIVAN: Mr. Chairman, is there anything before the house? THE CHAIRMAN: Governor Jelk's motion is before the house. MR. SILLIVAN: I am going to suggest this, that all these motions be withdrawn, but the original resolution. MR. JELKS: We will lay them all on the table in a minute. MR. SULLIVAN: I know, but you will be better off without them, you will be better off without a vote. Now, here the only tiling that our Chairman needs is this, is to get down to the real 1 nisi ness. We are a little bit at sea because of the want of knowing just exactly what is wanted to be done. I believe the location of the headquarters is an executive proposition which ought to be left there. I don 't think we ought to have a motion to designate the city, and I don't think we ought to have a motion to lay that motion upon the table as being oppcsed to a city. Leave it where it is. The principal tiling you want to do, as suggested by Mr. Mack, are the printing and tilings of that kind, which are very necessary, the sooner you get to work, the better. If the Chairman will say that the designation of headquarters and designation of the Committee will be made in a day or a week, we will know pretty near how fast we are traveling along. If there are any other things to come up before this committee we want to bring them up. I think this location proposition ought to be dropped without a vote, without it going out to the press that we designated this place or that place, or turned this place or that place down. That is one of the reasons I suggested to the gentlemen who made both motions, that they be withdrawn, and let the question stay where it is. and it will make it better all around. MR. POWELL: I am willing to withdraw my substitute if he with- draws the motion. MR. KWING: I am perfectly willing to withdraw the motion if we have' discussion about the location of the "place, so the Chairman may have information on the subject. MR. GOLTRA: He started out to do that originally. THE CHAIRMAN: I would like suggestions not only upon that, but on all other questions. Mu. POWELL: I don't think the suggestions would do any good, for the reason it might be that this committee might make a suggestion which the Central Committee might not deem it wise to follow, and then we would have the idea of a creature overriding its creator; we 512 APPENDIX would have the position of the Central Committee doing something the whole Committee had instructed him to do, or failing to do it. Let them suggest it to them in writing or privately, but I don't see any use taking the consensus of this body upon the subject. THE CHAIRMAN: Then I understand the motions have all been with- drawn. MR. JELKS: I don't know whether they are withdrawn or not. THE CHAIRMAN: Colonel Swing's motion, then the substitute, and your motion to table, I understand have been all withdrawn; MB. BOESCHENSTEIN: Mr. Chairman. I have a resolution of strictly routine character, and I would ask the Secretary to re:id it. "NVhereupon the Secretary read the following resolution: "Besolvcd, that the retiring Secretary of this Committee, Mr. Wood- son, be and he hereby is directed to compile and have put in printed form the proceedings of the Baltimore Convention. ' ' MB. BOESCUEXSTEIX : Mr. Chairman, in explanation of the resolu- tion, I desire to state that the record of the Baltimore Convention was prepared by Mr. AVoodson and is now in the hands of the printer. MR. WOODSON: No, that is not true; it is not in the hands of the printer. Mu. BOESCHENSTEIN: The proofs. MR. WOODSON : Oh, no ; the official stenographer has not finished the work. MR. BOESCHENSTEIN : Then I was misinformed. My information was that the matter was in the hands of the printer. But notwithstand- ing that, Mr. Woodson has prepared the record, and in order that there may be no confusion in getting out the proceedings, the work should properly be finished by the man who had charge of the record during the Convention, and that is my reason for offering the resolution. Mi:. KING: I second the motion. Mr. Chairman, there is nothing said in that resolution as to the number of copies that may be printed, but I presume that will be left to the Secretary. Is that the intenion? MR. BOESCHENSTEIN : The usual number, the usual number of copies. Mi:. WOODSON : \Ve generally have about ten thousand copies printed. MR. ELLYSON: Mr. Chairman, it seems to me a smaller number of copies than ten thousand would be more than sufficient, to meet all possible demands which will be made upon the Committee for copies of the record of the Baltimore Convention. I don't know what the ex- perience of other Committeemen is; I have been here a long time, but not many people bought those records, and few ever read them, if yon send them to them. Five thousand copies, I think, wtmld be ample to n:e't nil possible demands. WOODSON: T just want tu inform Gov. Ellyson that my experience ! .''a that \\i< !i:uv ueiirn.lly run short in the last ten years, when we had even ten thousand printed. Every delegate, alternate, member of . a, newspaper and magazine editor wants a copy. Every library APPENDIX 513 in the United. States is constantly calling for these records. There is hardly a day that I do not get additional calls for them, and the last supply was exhausted a year or eighteen months ago. MR. KING : Mr. Chairman, it occurs to me this Convention will create an unusual demand for the record, more so than any previous Convention. It is generally conceded as one of the greatest Conven- tions the country has ever had. I think I have promised about fifty in my State to see that they got a copy if it is possible for me to do so, and we have only ten delegates from Washington. At the same ratio, it seems to me in place of reducing the number you should increase it about five thousand. The question on the resolution offered by Mr. Boeschenstein was put by the Chairman and unanimously carried. MR. KING: Mr. Chairman, I now move that the Chairman of this Committee be empowered to arrange for headquarters. A VOICE: Oh, that is settled. MR. KING: No, it is not. He has not been given the power at all. SENATOR GORE: It is in the resolution. MR. KING: No. it is not in the resolution. The Executive Committee has the power, but he has not ; the Chairman hasn 't the right. Now, it he waits until this Executive Committee is appointed we will loose pos- sibly a week or ten days. Now, the appointment of this Committee is not an easy one. The men that he will want, or that the Governor will want, they can't always get, and it takes time to do it. I think we should at once open headquarters, and it is a mistake unless he has got the power. I therefore move that the Chairman of this Committee be empowered to arrange for headquarters at his early convenience. MR. TAGGART: I second the motion. The motion was put by the Chairman and unanimously carried. SENATOR GORE: Mr. Chairman, I send to the desk a resolution which I ask to have read, and, if former National Chairmen Mack and Taggart think there is no impropriety in it, I shall move its adoption. Thereupon the Secretary read the following resolution : "Be it Eesolved, By the Democratic National Committee, that we congratulate the country and the Democracy upon the exceptional pros- pects of Democratic success in November next. We rejoice that all Democrats everywhere are united and enthusiastic in support of the platform and nominees of the party. We earnestly invite all voters, without reference to previous political faith or affiliation, who are in sympathy with such platforms and nominees, to unite permanently or co-operate temporarily with the Democratic party in this supreme struggle for the establishment of justice and equal rights as against favoritism and privilege. "Eesolved, That we gratefully acknowledge our profound appre ciation of the courageous, disinterested and patriotic course of many Kepublicans and Independents, including a number of the most dis- 514 APPENDIX tinguished leaders and editors, in declaring their intention to support the Democratic ticket in the pending Presidential contest." . MR. MACK: I am very much for it. SENATOR GORE: And Mr. Taggart? MR. TAGGART: So am I. SENATER GORE: Mr. Chairman, I move the adoption of the resolution. MR. MACK: I second the motion. The motion was put by the Chairman and unanimously carried. MR. SAULSBURY: Mr. Chairman, there is a gentleman here who has resided in my State for a good many years, and he desires to address the Committee on the subject of the Aldrich Currency Bill, lie thinks it a matter of very great importance at this time. (Cries of "No, no.") MR. LYNCH : I think I can raise a point of order on that. We are in executive session. THE CHAIRMAN : I rule the point is well taken. MR. McGRAW: I submitted a motion to the committee, which seems to have been lost in this general discussion, and that was that the Secretary of this Committee be authorized and permitted, with the concurrence and assent and association of the Chairman of the Com- mittee, pending the appointment of the sub-committee, to appoint his own a&s'stants and associate secretaries. While I am on my feet, I hope the Chair will indulge me a minute. I think the statement coming from the experienced Chairman of the Committee, the one who -is just retiring, and the one who preceded him, shows that there should be activity on the part of the Secretary of this Committee in connection with the printing and the other work of the Committee, and all that cannot be done by the Secretary himself and await the action of the Chairman in appointing the sub-committee or the campaign committee that may hereafter be appointed. I want to invite the attention of the chair to my motion and renew it, which is, that the Secretary, in con- junction witli the Chairman of this Committee, be authorized and em- powered to appoint his associate secretaries and assistants. THE CHAIRMAN: You have heard the motion. Ts there a second? MR. MACK: You mean, of course, with the approval of the Chair- iii.-ut .' MR. McGRAW : Certainly. MR. MACK: I think that is a very proper resolution. I second the unit ion. The motion w;is put by the Chairman and unanimously carried. MR. COSTELLO: Mr. Chairman, 1 have a matter that won't take a moment's time. Thereupon the Secretary read the following- resolution: "Resolved, that the Democratic Central Committee of the District of Columbia, of \\hi.-h Mr. Eobert F. Mattingly is now Chairman, and Mr. John B, ('oljioys is now Secretary, be, and the same is hereby APPENDIX 515 recognized as the regularly elected and duly constituted Democratic Central Committee of the District of Columbia." ME. BOESCHENSTEIK : I move the resolution be referred to the Executive Committee. The motion was put to vote by the Chairman and unanimously carried. MR. BOESCHEXSTEIN: Mr. Chairman, I now move we adjourn. There were several objections, and a motion to take a recess until 4 o 'clock. MR. WOOD: Mr. Chairman, we have our officers, and we will have our Executive Committee. Now, it seems to me that during this interim, it won 't be but a few days I think they are hair trigger propositions they will do their part and we will go home and do ours. I don't see any reason why we should meet again or come back at 4 o'clock. Some of us want to take trains and go home. It seems to me we ought to go home, get into co-operation with our chairmen of the State Central Committees and get up ratification meetings and get busy awful quick. I will tell you why, because this Eoosevelt proposition is disintegrating in some places and it is just a question now where we put into it vim and ginger. I think as far as the printing is concerned, it is a little thing, but the quickest you can get these lithographs out all through this country men are asking for them, Kepublicans are asking for them, Republican farmers are asking for them. Let's go back home and get up ratification meetings and get busy in the next three or four weeks, and not wait until this committee is thoroughly organized. Let's get our work started, and when you are ready, we are ready to co-operate. THE CHAIRMAN: I think, Mr. Wood, a motion might well be enter- tained here that this committee seek the members of the committee seek in their states to have immediate ratification meetings. I think it is most important. MR. WOOD: Mr. Chairman, T make that motion, that the National Committee representatives see the ratification meetings, general ratifica- tion meetings be held in each state at the earliest possible moment. The motion was seconded. MR. MACK: Not each state, eah county. MR. WOOD: County and city yes, each county. The motion was put by the chairman and unanimously carried. THE CHAIRMAN: Any further business? MK. McGRAW: I desire very briefly to invite the attention of the committee, with the dissolution of the old committee and the inaugura- tion of the new, to a suggestion which I subsequently will present in the nature of a motion, if it be the consensus of opinion of the memberg here that it should be done, and that is that there should be some testi- monial presented to Colonel Robert Grain, of the city of Baltimore, for the interest manifested by him in the convention, the great interest he took in it and the manner in which he handled the matter. 516 APPENDIX MR. WOODSON: There was a resolution by the convention. MB. McGRAw: We want something further than that. That was a resolution of thanks. It is well known that Mr. Grain raised $100,000, which he deposited to the credit of the Chairman of this Committee. It is further known by the Committee on Arrangements that every sug- gestion made by that committee was acceded to by Mr. Grain, and addi- tional funds raised. He gave a year of his time and his attention to the convention, and carried out, in conjunction with the honorable member from the State of Maryland of this committee, the greatest convex tion ever held in North America. I think, while the committee is in ses* sion, and the old committee, many of them, are here, that it is proper that some testimonial of some character should be taken into considera- tion, and that a proper committee appointed by this committee should take into consideration what form it should take, and that the neces- sary funds be raised for presenting him some testimonial for the kind- ness extended to the members of the committee and the great service he rendered to the Democratic party in that which was the greatest con- vention in the history of this country. Now I will make that as a motion, and I fortify that with the further fact that the Honorable Norman E. Mack shall be the chairman of that committee. MR. SAPP: Mr. Chairman, I second the motion. THE CHAIRMAN: Does your motion include any particular member- ship in number of that committee? MR. McGRAW : Make it three or five a committee of five. SENATOR GORE: What. was the motion! THE CHAIRMAN: That a committee be appointed to propose and con- struct a suitable testimonial to Mr. Eobert Grain, of Baltimore, for his excellent management in connection with the convention and prior thereto. Is there a second to that motion? SENATOR GORE: I second the motion. The motion was put by the Chairman and unanimously carried. MR. BOESCHENSTEIN: I now renew my motion. I now move that we adjourn. MR. KING: I move you to amend the motion by making it read that when we adjourn, we adjourn to rrfeet again at 4 o'clock, at 5 o'clock. I think there are many things that come up that occur to us after adjourn- ment, and if we meet at 5 o'clock it will not take us long to adjourn. THE CHAIRMAN: Do you accept the substitute, Mr. Boeschenstein ? MR. BOESCHENSTEIN : Mr. Chairman, I have no doubt many of ' us could think of several things we would like to talk over after 4 o'clock, but I think those matters might as well be left to the Executive Com- mittee. I see no reason why we should take a recess. I think the main Itrsinoss of this body is finished, nnd the matters that have not been con- sidered by this meeting in;iy IK- sntVly referred to the Executive Com- mittee. MR. MACK: I trust this committee will finish its work. A number APPENDIX 517 of us have been away from borne for jveeks, and we are all anxious to finish here today. I am willing to stay for two hours now and go on with the work of this committee if there is anything to be done. THE ( HAIRMAN : The chair will ask as to whether there is anything further any member of the committee wishes to consider in the meet- ing here? MR. BROWNE: 1 just wish to suggest to the gentlemen that the other States do not need to be taken into consideration so much as the State of Vermont in the organization of the special committee. The other States don't vote until November, but the only election that will be held in the State of Vermont in which this committee will have any interest whatever will be held on the third day of September, some few months prior to the holding of any other election, except that of the State of Maine, which follows about a week later. So you can see it is very important to us that the Executive Committee be formed almost immediately and that headquarters be established so that our literature may be secured and that we may be in shape to receive such assistance from the new committee as we may have reason to expect. And for that reason I hope that the Chairman will not delay in the selection of the committee, but that it may be done immediately, in order that we may have an opportunity to confer with them and have the assistance that we think will be necessary in the State of Vermont on the first Tuesday in September. THE CHAIRMAN: The chair will expedite that matter as much as pos- sible, and hopes it will be concluded within two or three days. MR. BOESCHENSTEIN: Mr. Chairman, I desire to renew my motion that the committee now adjourn, subject to the call of the Chairman. THE CHAIRMAN: Before I put that motion, I desire to announce the committee on the testimonial to Mr. Grain. In addition to Mr. Mack, Colonel McGraw, Mr. Taggart, Mr. Sullivan and Judge Wade. THE CHAIRMAN : A motion to adjourn is in order. THE SECRETARY: Mr. Chairman, before you adjourn I would like to say just one word along the lines of practical organization. The State Central Committees are largely going to be changed within the next four or five weeks, due to the fact that these primary elections are tak- ing place, and they change the personnel of the State organizations. There is that particular line of organization that can be effected, in my judgment, immediately, and it is to that proposition I desire to call the attention of National Committeemen here, and that is this that the public mind is in a state of more or less chaos now, and we can do better and more effective missionary work now among the young voters and those who are beginning to take another position than we could later. The organization is such we cannot get effective work for at least two weeks, but there is one line of work we can do, and which we have already started doiiiij in our State of Wisconsin, and I desire to submit it to you gentlemen for your consideration when you go to your 518 APPENDIX various States, and it is this one *f the best means of exciting interest- and getting recruits and proselyting, is the organization of Wilson and Marshall clubs. That can be done without in any manner encroaching upon the National organization, and will be furthering the National organization, and will be sowing the 'seed early. It can be done by the National committeemen giving some time to the matter with their State chairmen and their State organization, and getting some live member, whether he be a county chairman or whether he be some other man, in every county seat, to start that and to start it immediately. And it seems to me that the next two weeks can be utilized to great advantage by the National committeemen starting that movement in their own States as soon as they get back. It can be co-ordinated later with the organization of the National Woodrow Wilson Clubs, through the National organization. (Cries of "Question!") MR. SULLIVAN: Before that motion is put, I would like to call the attention of this committee to one matter. I want to talk about the money question. We are starting on a campaign, as the committee always does, broke practically broke. You haven't got a cent. The first thing you will be called upon to do will be to order in the neighbor- hood of two hundred or two hundred and fifty thousand dollars' worth of printing of one kind or another. This committee will have to raise in the neighborhood of at least a million dollars for this campaign, and every member of this committee, representing every State in the Union, is expected and delegated to devise some ways and means of getting some money in their respective States for the national campaign. There are over forty members of this committee here today. The chances are there will not be forty members of this committee at any other meet- ing during this campaign. It is just as well to call their attention to the fact that they must and should pay some little attention to that. Undoubted!)' there will be a finance committee appointed, and men will go out in a general way and collect such funds as they can, but every State can furnish some money to defray these expenses. And I don't know but what it is due time to at least call the attention of the members of this committee to the fact that this is a very important mat- ter, because if you don't get some money there are many of these other things you will be contemplating and endeavoring to do, and saying you ought to do, that won't be done. I merely want to call the attention f the National Committee to that before you adjourn. THK SECKKTARY: I would like to suggest along that line that one of the best means, or at least a very fertile means of raising money is through the Democratic press. I understand Chairman Mack's paper, which started out in the campaign last Saturday, raied a thousand dol- lars through popular subscriptions in a very short time. Mi;. MACK: In two minutes. APPENDIX 519 THE SECRETARY: That can be done in other States, and I simply offer that as a suggestion. MR. MACK: Mr. Chairman, I intended talking to you this morning about that matter, but I didn't have a chance; I could not get at you; you wore busy with other work. I was going to ask you as to the advisa- bility of taking the matter up with the committee today that is, that particular phase of it, the raising of money by newspapers, and I had this in mind, as Mr. Sullivan very properly said. We have got forty members of the committee here today, and probably we will not meet a^ain with that many present until possibly four years from now, unless some extraordinary condition may arise. Now. in raising money four years ago, the cheap money that we got came through the newspapers. Other moneys that were received was expensive in securing it that is, by solicitors and by literature and all that sort of thing; it was quite expensive, except the newspaper collections, which, of course, did not cost anything. The money that the New Orleans States raised, for instance (Major Swing's paper), did not ccst a cent; the money my paper raised did not cost a cent; the money the Memphis Commercial- Appeal raised did not cost a cent; the money hundreds of little news- papers raised did not cost a cent, except the postage in asking them to start the campaign. Now no circular or letter will be so effective in get- ting these newspapers to work as the members of this committee can do in the way of suggesting and asking them to do it at home. For instance, the forty members of the committee can each reach a hundred newspapers direct. So now go at this thing and do it. Last Saturday night I went down to the office late, and I had one of my men call up ten men and asked them to contribute one hundred dollars just to start the thing, and they all joined, every one of them none of them refused. So we started a campaign fund of that kind and had a thousand dollars in two minutes. Four years ago. I don't know how much we raised, but out of the six hundred thousand dollars that was raised, two hundred and fifty thousand of it came from the newspapers at a very nominal cost. The other money that we received cost a great deal to get, and I think it would be a very good thing if the Chairman of this committee, if it is in order, and unless it is too early rand I don't think it is, because as Mr. Sullivan just said, you need money for all sorts of things, and you won't have much to start with I think it would be a very good thing if this committee would take hold of the newspaper end of the campaign now and get it going. I merely suggest that to you, Mr. Chairman, to make any suggestion you please about it. MR. KING: Mr. Chairman, I want to say a word or two along this line. I think the discussion of the last fifteen minutes has been one of the most valuable discussions we have had, notwithstanding there has been a unanimous desire to adjourn, for the reason that there was nothing further to discuss. I am still of the opinion we would profit by discussion along these lines and other liiifs. For example, we have 520 APPENDIX twenty-four new members of the committee here. I think a great deal of time can be valuably consumed by the old members of the committee, at the proper time, discussing the methods of campaign in each State, what the relationship of the National committeeman is to the State committee, and give them the benefit of their experience and their ideas, so when we go home we will have the advantage of their experience. And for that reason I am still of the opinion it is a mistake to adjourn and dissolve at this time. I think we should have a further meeting and discuss these matters. I am further away from home perhaps than any man here, something like twenty-five hundred miles, and having waited this long to attend this committee, I am certainly willing to wait two or three hours longer for any further discussion that may arise in the committee. If some desire to take trains and get home, of course we are sorry to lose them, but there will be others here who can talk the matter over to mutual advantage to all. MR. LYNCH: I move that the Chair appoint a committee of three, with Mr. Sullivan, of Alaska, as Chairman, to prepare and present to the retiring officers, the Chairman and Secretary, Mr. Mack and Mr. Woodson, a testimonial of regard from the National Committee. I offer the resolution. THE CHAIRMAN: Mr. Sullivan, of Illinois? MR. LYNCH: He has a proxy from Alaska. THE CHAIRMAN : You have heard the motion. Is there a second ? MR. EWING: I second the motion. The motion was put by the Chairman and unanimously carried. THE CHAIRMAN: The Chair appoints on the committee just author- ized Mr. Sullivan, of Alaska, Mr. Lynch and Mr. Talbott. MR. LING: Mr. Chairman, as a representative of the youngest State in the Union, I desire to read the following telegram, which was just handed me: "Headquarters opened here today by Democratic State Committee, ami active campaign in Arizona on behalf of Wilson and Marshall has begun and will be continued throughout the campaign. The first Presi- dential vote of this State will be cast overwhelmingly for the Baltimore nominees." Signed by the Chairman of the Arizona Committee. (Applause.) MR. DANIELS: Mr. Chairman, I think we could profitably devote an hour this afternoon to the discussion of practical matters and financing this campaign. There are twenty-four new members here, as Mr. King has said, and I think the old members would like to hear from them and get new ideas; and I move you, sir, as a substitute for the motion to adjourn, that this meeting adjourn until 5 o'clock. The motion was duly seconded. The motion was put by the Chairman and unanimously carried. Recess until 5 o 'clock. APPENDIX 521 AFTERNOON SESSION. CONGRESS HOTEL, CHICAGO, ILL., Monday, July 15, 1912. The Committee met at 5 o'clock p. m., Chairman McC'ombs presid- ing, and entered into a general discussion of plans for organization and raising popular subscriptions for the campaign fund. Participating in this discussion were Mr. King, Mr. Wade, Mr. Wallace, Mr. Daniels, Mr. Coughlin, Mr. Talbott, Mr. Powell, Mr. Ewing, Mr. Costello, Mr. Jones, Mr. Galbraith, Mr. Dooley, Mr. Kavanaugh, Mr. Heffner, Mr. Jelks, Mr. Davies and Senator Gore. At 6:15 o'clock p. m. the Committee adjourned, subject to the <;all of the Chairman. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COMMITTEE OFFICEBS. William F. McCombs, Chairman, New York City. William G. McAdoo, Vice-Chairman, New York City. Joseph E. Davies, Secretary, Madison, Wis. Bolla Wells, Treasurer, St. Louis, Mo. John I. Martin, Sergeant at Arms, St. Louis, Mo. MEMBEES. Alabama William Dorsey Jelks, Birmingham. Arizona Eeese M. Ling, Phoenix. Arkansas W. M. Cavanaugh, Little Bock. California John B. Sanford, Ukiah. Colorado Thomas J. McCue, Denver. Connecticut Homer S. Cummings, Stamford. Delaware Willard Saulsbury, Wilmington. Florida J. T. G. Crawford, Jacksonville. Georgia Clark Howell, Atlanta. Idaho P. H. Elder, Boise. Illinois Charles Boeschenstein, .Edwardsville. Indiana Thomas Taggart, French Lick. Iowa Martin J. Wade, Iowa City. Kansas William F. Sapp, Galena. Kentucky John C. C. Mayo, Paintsville. Louisiana Bobert Ewing, New Orleans. Maine E. L. Jones, Waterville. Maryland J. Fred C. Talbott, Lutherville. Massachusetts J. W. Coughlin, Fall Biver. Michigan Edwin 0. Wood, Flint. Minnesota Frederick B. Lynch, St. Paul. Mississippi Bobert Powell, Jackson. Missouri Edward F. Goltra, St. Louis. Montana J. Bruce Kremer, Butte. Nebraska P. L. Hall, Lincoln. Nevada T. J. Bell, Winnemucca. New Hampshire E. E. Beed, Manchester. New Jersey Bobert S. Hudspeth, Jersey City. New Mexico A. A. Jones, Las Vegas. New York Norman E. Mack, Buffalo. North Carolina Josephus Daniels, Baleigh. North Dakota John Bruegger, Bottineau 522 . APPENDIX 523 Ohio E. H. Moore, Columbus. Oklahoma Robert Galbraith, Tulsa. Oregon Will E. King, Portland. Pennsylvania A. Mitchell Palmer, Stroudsburg. Ehode Island -'George W. Greene, Woonsocket. South Carolina B. E. Tillman, Trenton. South Dakota- Thomas Taubman, Plankington. Tennessee E. E. L. Mountcastle, Kuoxville. Texas Cato Sell, Cleburne. Utah William E. Wallace, Salt Lake City. Vermont Thomas H. Browne, Eutland. Virginia J. Taylor Ellyson, Eichmond. Washington John Pattison, Seattle. West Virginia John T. McGraw, Grafton. Wisconsin Joseph E. Davies, Madison. Wyoming John E. Osborne, Eawlins. * Alaska A. J. Daly, Juneau. (P. O. address, Seattle, Wash.) District of Columbia John F. Costello, Washington. Hawaii John H. Wilson, Honolulu. Porto Eico Henry W. Dooley, New York City. Philippine Islands E. E. Manley, Manila. Note Since deceased. INDEX PAGE Adjournment of Convention, final 393 Alsi'lmler, Samuel, nominating speech of 358-360 Alternates to Convention, list of, by states 97-119 Anderson, Jefferson Kandolph, speech of 161-167 Arrangements, Committee on 472 Arrangements, meeting of committee on 473-474 Baltimore, thanks to people of 390 Bankhead, William E., nominating speech of 139-144 Bell, Theodore A., remarks of 153-154 Brewer, Earl, speech of. 175-176 Bryan, William J., nominating speech for temporary chairman. . 3-7 Bryan, William J., remarks of 129-135 Bryan, William J., remarks of 237 Bryan, William J., remarks of 382-383 Carr, Clarence E., remarks of r 378 Campbell, James E., speech of 55-56 Cheney, Z. R., remarks of 382 Clayton, Henry D., speech of 46-48 Coale, Rev. S. Carroll, prayer of 279-280 Committee, to notify candidate for President 36-38 Committee, to notify candidate for Vice-President 38-39 Committees, appointment of 30-40 Confirmation of Committees, etc 389 Convention, honorary Vice-President of 39-40 Convention Officers, thanks to 391 Crain. Robert, thanks to 390 Credentials Report 81-83 Credentials, Committee on 32-33 Credentials, Committee, report of 78-79 Grouse, Rev. T. O., D.D., prayer of 57 ]>;MIH>, Rev. W. M., prayer of 19-20 Dangherty, M. A., nominating speech of 178-183 Dean, H. H., nominating speech of 354-356 Delegates to Convention, list of, by states 97-119 Democratic National Committee 391-392 525 626 INDEX PAGE Democratic National Committee Meeting 393 Democratic National Committee Meetings: The Shoreham, Washington, D. C., Jan. 8, 1912 435-475 Convention Hall, Baltimore, Md., June 24, 1912 476-491 Congress Hotel, Chicago, 111., July 15, 1912 492-521 Doyle, S. J., speech of 177-178 Evening Session, first day 19 Evening Session, second day 56 Evening Session, third day 128 Ferris, Scott, remarks of 380 Fifth Day 's Proceedings 229-278 First Day 's Proceedings 1-40 Fitzgerald, John J., remarks of 380 Flood, Henry D., speech of 190-193 Folk, Joseph W., speech of ." 42-43 Fourth Day 's Proceedings 199-228 Gibbons, James, Cardinal, prayer of 2 Giddings, E. J., remarks of 239-240 Gore, Thomas P., nominating speech of . . . . k 183-186 Gore, Thomas P., speech of 50-55 Graves, John Temple, speech of 53-54 Grose, Eev. Geo. E., prayer of 333-334 Guttenmacher, Babbi Adolph, prayer of 80-81 Henry, Eobert L., remarks of 380-381 Hill, Dr. E. E., death of 389 .Jacques, Alfred, speech of 174-175 James, Ollie M., notification speech to Gov. Wilson 395-399 James, Ollie M., permanent chairman 121 Kern, John W., nominating speech for temporary chairman.... 7-8-9 King, Will E., nominating speech of 379-380 Kinnane, John E., remarks of 173-174 Mack, Norman E., calls convention to order 1 Marshall, Thomas E., speech of acceptance 424-434 Mattingly, Eobert E., remarks of 382 Members, Democratic National Committee 522-523 Mcnzies, G. F., nominating speech of 360-361 Merritt, Will H., remarks of - ^381 Miles, Alonzo L., nominating speech 363-364 INDEX 527 PAGE Morris, Roland S., credential report of 81-84 Murray, Rt. Rev. John Gardner, prayer of 41-42 Murray, W. H., remarks of 378-379 National Committee, thanks to the 389 National Convention, next 393 Nomination of Candidate for President 138-139 Nomination of Candidate for Vice-President 354 O 'Brien, Joseph, remarks of 381 O 'Brien, P. H., speech of 173 Palmer, A. Mitchell, speech of 186-189 Parker, Alton B., Temporary Chairman, address of 20-29 Parker, Alton B., notification speech to Governor Marshall 415-42.'^ Pattison, Douglass, speech of 167-168 Pence, Lafe, speech of .' '. . . 196 Permanent Organization 120-121 Permanent Organization, Committee on 35-36 Pittman, Key, remarks of 378 Platform and Resolutions, Committee on 33-34 Preston, James H., speech of 54-55 Purcell, W. E., nominating speech of . 356-358 Ram-k, Rev. Clayton H., prayer of 313 Rayuer, Isidor, speech of 43 4-1 Reed, James A., nominating speech of 144-152 Resolution by Mr. "Williams of Mississippi 277 Resolutions, Committee on, report of 364-376 Riley, Thomas P., speech of 7 . 48-50 Robinson, Joe T., speech of 152-153 Rogers, Henry Wade, nominating speech 154-1.17 Rules and Order Business 57-78 Rules and Order of Business, Committee on 34-35 Russell, Samuel, remarks of 381 Second Day 's Proceedings 41-79 SoviMit h Day 's Proceedings 333 Shields, Edmund C., remarks of 377 Shivoiy, Henjamin F., nominating speech 168-173 Sixth Day 's Proceedings 279-332 Stanchfield, John B., remarks of 281-283 Smith Constantino J., remarks of 378 Smith, Ellison D., remarks of 189-190 Stevenson, Rev. J. Ross, prayer of 128 528 INDEX PAGE Stockwell, S. A., remarks of 377 Straton, Eev. John Eosch, D.D., prayer of 229 Swanson, Claude A., remarks of 381 Temporary Chairman, selection of 3-19 Temporary Officers 29-30 Tew, Charles F., speech of 176-177 Third Day 's Prcce< gs 80-198 Volmer, Henry, nominating speech 361 Vote for Candidas for President 263 Vote for Candidate for Vice-President 383 Walker. Stuart ". . ., ^em^rks of ; 381 Walsh, John W.. speech of 193-195 \Vescott, John W., no: -.mating speech of 157-161 Wharton, Eev, Henry M., D.D. prayer of 199-200 Williams, John Sharp, remarks of 380 Wilson, Woodrow, speech of acceptance 400 414 .y nlver8lty of i,.A N REGION AL LIBRARY FACILITY Hllgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1388 Return this material to the library from which It was borrowed THE LIBRARY fJNIVERSITY FORNIA A 000164222 2