P*W;; A Practical ami Easy Method Tir FRENOii LAI , . -7OURSB. NH - VO .K E. SUElGhl-. & CO. Notice. With due regard to the differing needs of the various classes of learners, the AHN-HENN German Method is issued in three externally different forms, namely: 1. Complete in one volume: AHN'S Complete Method of the German Language. Half Roan $1.75 2. The same contents bound separately in 2 Courses, namely: a) AHN'S Rudiments of the German Lanauaae. First Course. Boards $0.65 b) AHN'S Rudiments of the German Lanauaae. Second Course. Boards $1.00 3. The same contents bound separately in 4 Books, namely: o) AHN'S FirJt German Hook (pp. 1 to 64 of the first half of the German Method or Rudiments, First Course). Boards $1). '25 &) AHN'S Second German Book (pp. 65 to 224 of the first half of the German Met/tod or Rudiments, First Course). Boards #o. lf> c) AHN'S TJlird German Book (pp. 1 to 90 of the second half of the* German Method or Rudiments, Second Course, together with a separate vocabulary). Boards $0.45 d) AHN'S Fourth German Book (ps. 91 to 270 of the second half of the German Method or Rudiments, Second Course). Boards $O.GO Whilst the AHN-HENN German Method teaches Ger- man in accordance with the Common German Orthography, there has been issued, in 1888, a new edition of this book revised according to the Modern German Orthography as now taught in the public schools of Germany under the title of HENN-AHN'S German Grammar. This book is likewise issued in three externally different forms, namely: 1. Complete in one volume: HENN-AHN'S German Grammar. Half Roan $1.75 2. The same contents bound separately in 2 Courses, namely: a) HENN-AHN'S German Grammar, First Course. Boards $0.65 b) HENN-AHN'S German Grammar, Second Course. Boards $1.00 3. The same contents bound separately in 4 Numbers, namely: o) HENN-AHN'S German Grammar, Number One (pp. 1 to 64 of the First Course of the German Grammar). Boards $0.25 b) HENN-AHN'S German Grammar^ Number Two (pp 65 to 226 of the First Course of the German Grammar). Boards $0.45 c) HENN-AHN'S German Grammar, Number Three (pp. 1 to 94 of the Second Course of the German Grammar). Boards Sit. 1") d) HENN-AHN'S German Grammar, Number Four (pp. 95 to 276 of the Second Course of tin- Grmxtit lirmnnntr). Hoards $11. v E. Steig-er & Co., 49 Murray St., New York STEIGER'S French Series. AHN'S Practical and Easy Method OF LEARNING THE FRENCH LANGUAGE. BY Dr. P. HENN. First Course, NEW YORK: E. STEIGER & CO. N O T E. The excellence of AHN'S Practical and Easy Method of Learning the French Language, both as a guide for beginners, and as a manual for teachers, is allowed on all hands. Still, there it not an edition of this book extant, in which greater or less deficiencies do not occur. A due regard to the educa- tional requirements of our time and country has induced the publisher to issue this new edition, containing a funda- mental Treatise on French pronunciation, com- plete Paradigms of Declensions and Conjugations in so far as they occur in the book itself, and full and accurate Vocabularies of both the French and English words used in the exercises. For the convenience of teachers and private learners, a Key to the Exercises has boon issued. The publisher trusts that these important improvements, whilst making this edition of AHN'S Method more serviceable to both pupil and teacher, will, at the same time, render the acquisition of French a short and attractive task. NEW YORK, August 1873. Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1673, by E. Steiger, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. E.STHIGER, NEW YORK.. Printer and Klectrot.voer. <%si TABLE OF CONTENTS. A SHORT GUIDE to FRENCH PRONUNCIATION. Page y . The Alphabet vn 2. Vowels vm 3. Consonants ~sn 4. Same Exceptions and Difficulties xv 6. Connection of Words xvj FIRST PART. French and English Exercises. I. 2. Definite Article le, la ". 1 3. 4. The Adjective bon, bonne 1 5. 6. Possessive Pronoun mon, ma ] 7. 8. Indefinite Article un, une 2 9. 10. Possessive Pronoun ton, ia, 2 11. 12. Feminine of Adjectives. General Rule: add e to tie Masculine 2 \3. 14. Indicative Present: first and second persons singular of avoir 3 15. 1G. Indicative Present; first person plural of avoir 3 17. 18. Indicative Present; second person plural of avoir; Past Participle with avoir 3 19. 20. Possessive Pronouns notre, votre 4 21. 22. Personal Pronoun il, clle 4 2:'> 24. 7?t>l,ifive Pronoun, Nominative qni, Accusative que 5 2.~i 26. Recapjkdaticm : we of the word ' did ' ' for the Perfect Indefinite in French 5 27 28. Demonstrative J'ronoun ct, cet, cette 6 29. 30. Pe"npitulation 6 III IV . Pa* 31. 82. Possessive Pronouns continued; sou, sa 7 33. 34. Possessive Case of Nouns 8 35. 3G. Preposition a. Idiom je pense ;\ 8 37. 38- Omission of e and a in the Article le, la, before a vowel or silent h; Adjectives of tfie same termination in both genders 9 39. 40. Formation of the Feminine of Nouns. General rule: add e to the Masculine -. 10 41. 42. Comparative of Adjectives. Possessive Pronoun le mien, \a nnenne 10 43. 44. Adjectives of the same termination in both genders 12 45. 46. Demonstrative Pronoun celui, celle 12 47. 48. Names of Persons; a, to, at, in 13 49. 50. Plural of the Article, Nouns, and Adjectives. General rule: add s to the Singular 14 51. 52. Cardinal Numbers. Names of the montlts. The Impersonal Verb il y a 15 53. 54. Plural of the Possessive Pronouns mon, ma; le mien, la mienne, and of the Personal Pronoun il, elle 17 55. 56. Plural of the Possessive Pronouns notre, votre; le notre, le votre. . 18 57. 58. Plural of the Demonstrative Pronoun ce, cet, cette 18 59. 60. Adjective tout, toute 19 61. 62. Use of de la and a la before Feminine Nouns, and of cle 1' and a 1' before Masculine or Feminine Nouns beginning with a vowel or silent la 20 63. 64. Use of du and au before Masculine Nouns 21 65. 66. The Plural of au, a la, a 1' and of du, de la, de 1' 22 67. 68. Adverbs of Quantity and Number, peu, beaucoup &c 23 69. 70. The same subject 24 71. 72. Nouns of Weight, Measure, and Number 25 73. 74. Plural of Nouns ending in eau, eu 26 75. 76. Plural of Nouns ending in al, ail 26 77. 78. Partitive Article du, de la, des; the use of chez 27 79. 80. The Expressions void, voila. Partitive Article continued 28 81. 82. Superlative of Adjectives 29 83. 84. Plural of the Demonstrative Pronouns celui, celle and of celui-ci, celui-la 30 85. 86. Possessive Pronouns leur and le leur, Singular and Plural 32 87. 88. Ordinal Numbers. Days of the week 32 89. 90. Interrogative Pronoun qui, de qui, a qui, pour qui ? 33 91 92. Titles of respect, monsieur &c 35 93. 94. Indicative Present of etre 36 95. 96. Indicative Imperfect of etre. Feminine of Adjectives in x. Ad- verbs of time 37 97. 98. Indicative Imperfect of avoir 38 99. 100. Perfect Indefinite j'ai pris 39 101. 102. Perfect Indefinite continued, j'ai ete; Indefinite Pronoun on 40 103. 104. Indicative Present of etre and avoir used negatively 41 105. 106. Adjectives forming their Feminine irregularly. Negative expressions 42 107. 108. Adjectives forming their Feminine irregularly, continued 43 109. 110. Interrogative Pronoun quel, asking time, age &fc 44 111. 112. Indicative Imperfect of etre and avoir used negatively. Participles used with etre 45 113. 114. Compound Tenses used negatively. Negative expressions personne- ne, rien-ne; modes of expressing past time 46 115. 116. Indicative Present and Compound Tenses used interrogatively and negatively 48 117. 118. Indicative Future of etre and avoir 49 119. 120. Conditional of etre and avoir 50 121. 122. Interrog-jtive sentences 51 123. 124. Indicative Present of parler 52 125. 126. Indicative Imperfect of parler 54 127. 128. Indicative Future and Conditional of parler 55 129. 130. Recapitulatory exercues on verbs conjugated like parler 56 131. 132. The same subject 57 133. 134. Indicative Present of finir 58 135. 136. Indicative Imperfect of fiiiir: 59 137. 138. Indicative Future and Conditional of finir 60 139. 140. Indicative Present of vendre 61 141. 142. Exercises on verbs conjugated like vendre 62 143. 144. Indicative Imperfect of vendre 63 145. 146. Indicative Future and Conditional of vendre ' 64 147. 148. Conjugation of verbs like lever, appeler, jeter 65 149. 150. Verbs in net as preferer 66 151. 152. Verbs in yer as employer 68 153. 154. Verbs in cer and ger, as placer, manger 69 155. 156. Disjunctive Personal Pronouns moi, toi, Ini, elle 71 157- 158. Accusative and Dative of Personal Pronouns 72 159. 160. The same subject 73 VI Page 161. 162. Accusative and Dative of Pronouns continued 73 163. 164. Order in which the Personal Pronouns are placed, when two of them are governed by the same verb 74. 165. 166. The same subject 75 167. 168. The same subject 76 169. 170- The order of the Pronouns when used with the Imperative, with and without the Negative 77 171. 172. The Reflective Verb se laver used affirmatively, negatively, interroga- tively, and negatively and interrogatively 78 173. 174. Compound Tenses of Eeflective Verbs used in various ways 80 175. 176. On the use of en and y 82 177. 178. On the use of en with Personal Pronouns 83 179. 180. The Partitive Article before Adjectives 84 181. 182. The same subject 84 SECOND PART. Paradigms. I. Declension 86 II. Conjugation 87 THIRD PART. Vocabularies. 1. French and English Vocabulary 94 2. English and French Vocabulary 104 A SHORT GUIDE TO FRENCH PRONUNCIATION. I. THE ALPHABET. The French Alphabet consists of the following twenty-riv letters: Names ah n N bay o O say pP day qQ eh r R eff s 8 jay l t T ash 3 u U ee v V jee x X kah y Y ell z Z emm a A b B c C d D e E f F h H i I j J k K 1 L mM 1. Simple vowels are: a, e, i, o, u, y. 2. All other letters are simple consonants. S. The following are compound letters: Compound vowels: au, eau, ou, eu, oeu, ai, ei. Nasal vowels: an, am, en, em; in, im, ain, aim: on, om; mi, urn, euii. Diphthongs: ia, ie, ie, ie, io, ieu. oi, ui. oui. Nasal diphthongs: ian, ien, oin, uin, ion. Compound consonants: cli, ph, til, qu, gn. Names enn o pay err 4 ess tay - 3 vay ix ee greek zed 1 j tq be pronounced like s in pleasure. 2 a to be pronounced as in fast. 3 The French name of this letter cannot be represented by English letters; it must be learned from the mouth of the teacher. * err to be pronounced as in ferry. VII VIII II. VOWELS. 1. Simple Vowels. Jt. a is pronounced like a in fast; a with the Circumflex Accent (") has the sound of a in father. A vowel marked with the Circumflex Accent is always long. a animal ami aine pate mat has animal friend soul paste mast 2. e at the end of words of more than one syllable, is silent. dame tape table laraie arbre farine lady tape table tear tree flour 3. e at the end of words of one syllable, sounds like u in the English word tub; at the end of syllables riot final, it has really the same sound, but is in many cases scarcely to be heard. le me te ne de venir samedi the me thee not of to come Saturday 4. e with the Acute Accent (') is pronounced like a in fate. le ble le the le cafe la verite le de* the corn the tea the coffee the truth the thimble #. e with the Grave Accent (') is pronounced like/* in tare. le pere la mere le frere I'e'leve la feve the father the mother the brother the pupil the beau 6. 6 with the Circumflex Accent is pronounced like e in there. la tte la fete nie*me eHre la bete the head the feast same to be the beast IX 7. e without an accent, at the beginning and in the middle of syllables, is ordinarily pronounced like the French e (a in tare); in the final syllables er, et, ez, however, it sounds like the French e (a in fate). elle la ferine parler le bonnet venez she the farm to speak the cap 8. i and i with the Circumflex Accent, are usually pronounced like i in machine, i is sometimes like the English short i, as in pin. midi batir le mari Tile finir noon to build the husband the island to finish 9. o has for the most part nearly the same sound as in English ; it is usually pronounced like o in robe; sometimes it is short as in odd; 6 with the Circumflex Accent has always the sound of o in no. la mode la robe le role le cote the fashion the dress the roll the side 10. u and u with the Circumflex Accent, cannot be rendered by any corresponding sound in English, and must be learned from the lips of the teacher. la nature la fortune la flute mur (the) nature the fortune the flute ripe 11. y when initial, or when after a consonant, has the sound of the French i. y le jury la lyre le type 1'hydre there the jury the lyre the type the hydra 2. Compound Vowels. 12. au and eati are pronounced like o in home. la faute le baume beau le taureau the fault the balm beautiful the bull 13. ou sounds like ou in soup. on la route la poule la soupe le sou or thu road tho hen the soup the cent H. eu and oeu sound nearly like u in nurse; when followed by r, or another consonant not silent, the sound is more open. le feu bleu ueuf la couleur la soeur the fire blue nine the color the sister lo. ai and ei are generally pronounced like ai in bail; ai at the end of a word, especially in some forms of the verb, is sounded like a in fate. le inaitre la paire la baleine j'aurai the master the pair the whale I shall have 3. Nasal Vowels. 16. In French, 11 and m, when final or before a consonant, are said to have a nasal sound, but more properly speaking, dropping their own sound, they only indicate that the preced- ing vowels are to be sounded through the nose. Thus an. am, en, em are used to represent the nasal sound of the French a, and are pronounced like en in the Anglicized word encore. In pronouncing these sounds, care should be taken not to press the back of the tongue against the palate, as is done in pro- ducing the sound of the English ng. When the m or 11 of these and similar combinations is doubled or followed by a vowel, there is no nasal sound. Fan 1'ancre Fencre la lampe Feinpire the year the anchor the ink the lamp the empire 17. ill, im, aili, aim, ein represent the nasal sound cor- responding to the French i; they are all pronounced nearly like an in the English word sang. le vin Fimpe'ratrice le pain la faim plein the win th empress the bread the hunger full XI 18. on and om represent the nasal sound corresponding to French o; they are pronounced nearly like on in song. on onze le salon la bombe rompre one, they eleven the drawing-room the bomb to break 19. un, um, eun represent the nasal sound corresponding to French u; they are pronounced nearly like un in sung. un chacun brim le parfum a jeun a, an each brown the perfume fasting 4. Diphthongs. 20. In French, all diphthongs are pronounced by uttering fully and distinctly the vowels which compose them; this should, however, be done by a single impulse of the voice. Thus: ia is compounded from the French vowels i and a ie c i i " e ie i i ' i " e ie * t 1 i " e io t i ' i " o leu i ' i " eu le diable la partie le rosier la fievre the devil the part the rose-bush the fever la niece le pied I'amitie la fiole Dieu the niece the foot the friendship the phial God 21. oi is pronounced like wa in was. ui is compounded from the French vowels u and i. oui , " " " " ouandi. moi le soir I the evening la nuit the nigtt luire to shine Louise Louisa XII 5. Nasal Diphthongs. 22. ian is compounded from the French vowels i and an nasal. ioii " " " " i " on " oin " " " o " in " uiii " " " " u " in " ien " " " " i " en " All these diphthongs are pronounced by uniting the sounds of their component parts, except ien which is mostly final, and sounds like i and in; (an in the English word sang). la viande le lion le coin niien Juin the meat the lion the corner mine June III. CONSONANTS. 23. b, d, f, k, 1, m, n, p, t, z, at the beginning of words or syllables, are pronounced as in English. A final consonant is generally silent. The letters c. f, 1, r, however, when final, are generally pronounced. le tapis le nid le bee vif le sel le fer the carpet the nest the beak lively the salt the iron 24. c before a, o, u, or a consonant, and at the end of syl- lables and of some words, is pronounced like the English k. When it comes before e, i, and y, it is pronounced like s in the English word same. With the cedilla (c), it always sounds like sharp s. le canif le roe ceci le garcon la facade the penknife the rock this the boy the front 2o. g before a, o, u, and consonants, has the hard sound of g in go; before e and i, it is pronounced like s in pleasure. gu before a, i, e sounds like g in go; the u has no sound whatever, it only shows that the g is hard, ge before a, o, u, sounds like s in pleasure; the e is inserted to' show that the g \s soft. gai la glace le gilet le guide le pigeon gay the ice the vst the guide the pigou XIII 26. h in French is said to be aspirated or not, but is never pronounced. Mark that before all nouns beginning with a vowel or non-aspirated h, the article is P (with the apostrophe) instead of le, la. With nouns beginning with h aspirated, the article remains unchanged. 1'heure le hibou le lietre la harpe the hour the owl the beech-tree the harp 27. j is always pronounced like s in pleasure. le jour le jeu le journal joli le juge the day the play the newspaper pretty the judge 28. 1 and 11, when preceded by i, are pronounced like y con- sonant in yonder (liquid 1); in such words as have only the vowel i before the 1 or 11, the i has its regular sound. When there is another vowel before the il or ill, the i is always silent, and the vowel before it has its regular sound. Thus: eil and eill are compounded from e and 1 liquid. ail " aill " a " 1 " euil euill " " eu " 1 " ouil ouill ou" 1 " Avril la fille vieil la bouteille le bail April the daughter old the bottle the lease la paille le deuil la feuille le brouillon the straw the rnoiirning the leaf the waste-book 29. s at the beginning of words has the sharp sound or the English s in same; between two vowels, it is pronounced like 8 in rose; ss has always the hissing sound of ss in lesson. la semaine la rose la visile la messe the week the rose the visit tba mass XIV 30. x as in English, has two different sounds; in most worda beginning with ex, it sounds like gs; in others like ks. Faxe 1'excuse 1'exercice le luxe exact the axis the excuse the exercise luxury exact 31. y after a vowel is to be considered as a compound sound of two i (ii), the first i going with the preceding vowel, and the second with the following. payer (pai-ier) aboyer le pays le rayon to pay to bark the country the ray 32. ch sounds the same as the English sh. In a few words, however, taken from the Greek, and when it comes before a consonant, it is pronounced like k. la bouehe la poche le chapeau la chronique the mouth the pocket the hat the chronicle 33. th is pronounced like t simply, and ph like f. le the le theme le phare le phosphore the tea the exercise the light-house the phosphorus 34. q either followed by u, or without it, is pronounced like the English k. qui la qualite* quitter cinq Paques who the quality to leave five Easter 35. gn has a sound combining that of the English 11 and y consonant, like ni in minion. la ligne digne le compagnon I'Allemagne the line worthy the partner Germany XV IV. SOME EXCEPTIONS AND DIFFICULTIES. 36. Mark the occasional sounds of the following letters = a in lafemme iniprudeinment differemmem the wife imprudently differently cje=eu " 1'oeil Toeillet 1'ceillere Foeillade the eye the pink the eyetooth the glance c = g " second je seconde il seconde second I second he seconds x^s " six dix soixante Bruxelles six ten sixty Brussels x =z " deuxieme dixieme sixieme le sixain second tenth sixth the stanza tl in the middle of words, when it comes before another vowel, is very often pronounced like ce in cedar. la nation la fraction 1'attention leVenitien the nation the fraction the attention the Venetian ent final in The Third Person Plural of any French verb, Is silent. ils jouent ils rient ils sautent ils lisent they play they laugh they jump they read 37. The Apostrophe (') does not change the pronunciation of the following syllable, and only denotes the elision of one vowel before another. Thus: instead of: ice write and read: le ami 1'ami the friend je aime j'aime Hove instead of: we write and read: ce est c'est that is si il s'il if he 38. The Trema ( " ) placed over the second of two vowels, denotes that "they are to be pronounced as distinct letters: 1'aienl hair Saul Noel FheroVne the grandfather to hate Saul Christmas the heroine XVI 39. In Dividing Words into Syllables, it may be proper to observe the following rules: In French, there are as many syllables in a word, as theVe are vowels or diphthongs. A single consonant between two vowels, is joined to the kittpi Two different consonants or the two same consonants must be separated. There are many combinations, however, which always belong to the same syllable; namely: bl, br, cl, cr, dl, dr, fl, fr, ' gl, gr, pi, pr, tl, tr, vr, ch, ph, th, gii, and, of course, all diphthongs. lepere 1'armee later re lemaitre the father the army the earth the master la mou che la li gne le fia ere Dieu the fly the line the cab God V. CONNECTION OF WORDS. 40. In current reading and speaking, the last syllable of a word is generally joined to the first of the following, if that commences with a vowel or non-aspirated h. In this connection, however, some letters change their regular sound, namely: d is pronounced like t I g is pronounced like k sorx " " Z | f " " v The t of et, and is never pronounced. grand homme. rang^leve. bon ami. gran-thomme. ran-keleve'. bo-na-mi. great man. elevated rank. good fririnl. 'Vous etes aimable. il est six hen res. , vou-/ete-/aimable. i-lest si-zlieures. you are amiable. it is six o'clock. FIRST PART. FRENCH AND ENGLISH EXERCISES 1. le CmJ, la (f.), the pere, father frere, brother mere, mother sceur, sister et, and Le pere, la mere. Le frerc et la soeur. 2. The sister and the brother. The father and the mother. .9. bon (m.), bonne (f.), good est, is Le bon pere, la bonne mere. Le pere est bon, la mere est bonne. Le bon frere, la bonne soeur. Le frere est bon, la soeur est bonne. Le p6re et la mere. 4. The good brother, the good sister. The father is good, the mother is good. The good father, the good mother. The brother is good, the sister is good. The brother, the sister. . mon (m.), ma (f.), my Mon pere, ma mere. Mon bon pere, ma bonne m6re. Mon pere est bon, ma mere est bonne. Mon frere et ma soeur. Mon bon frere ct ma bonne so2ur. Mon frere est bon, ma soeur est bonne. Le bon frere ct la bonne soaur. 6. My good brother, my good sister. My brother is good, my sister is good. My good father and my good mother. My father is good, my mother is good. 2 7. un (m.), une (,), a, or an Un pere, une mere, un frere, une soeur. Tin bon p&re, une bonne m6re, un bon frere, une bonne soeur. JJn, pere est bon, une m6re est bonne.* Mon pere est un bon p6re, ma mere cst une bonne mere. Mon frere est un bon fr6re, ma soeur est une bonne soaur. 8. A brother and a sister. A father and a mother. A good brother, a good sister. A good father and a good mother. The brother and the sister. My sister is a good sister. My brother is a good brother. My mother is a good mother. My father is a good father. 9. ton (m.), ta (f.), thy a, has; aussi, also Ton p6re est bon, ta' m6re est bonne* Ton pe"re a une bonne soeur, ta mere a un bon fr6re. Mon frere est ton pe"re. Mon pere est aussi ton pere, et ma mere est aussi ta mdre. 10. Thy brother, thy father, thy mother, thy sister. Thy mother has a good father and a good sister. My brother is also thy brother. My sister is also thy sister. Thy father has a good brother. 11. grand (m.), grande (f.), large, long, tall petit (m.), peti:e (f.), small, short, little le livre, the book; la plume, the pen Lc livre est bon, la plume est bonne. Mon livre est petit, et ma plume cst grande. Ton p6re a un bon livre, ta soeur a une bonne plume. Mon fr6re est grand, et ma soeur est petite. Ton petit frere et ta petite soeur. Ta soeur a ma plume, et ton fr6re a mon livre. Ton petit livre est un bon livre. 12. My pen is small; my book is large. Thy father has a good pen; thy mother has a good book. My brother is short, and my sister is tall. Thy little sister is a good sister. The book is good 13. je, 1; z\, have; j'ai,/ have; zi-jethavel? tu, thou; as, hast; tu as, thou hast; as-tu? J'ai un livre et uue plume. Tu as un bon livre et une bonne plume. J'ai un bon i'rere; tu as une bonne sceur. J'ai un grand livre; mon frere a aussi un grand livre. Ma sceur a une petite plume. As-tu une soeur? J'ai une so3ur et un I'rere. As-tu ma plume? J'ai ton livre et ta plume. 14. Hast thou a brother? I "have a brother and a sister. I have a good father. My mother has a little pen. Hast thou a large book? I have a large book. Hast thou a good father? I have a good father and a good mother. 13. nous, we; avons, have; nous avons, we have; avons-nous ? have we ? le jardin, the garden Nous avons un bon pere et une bonne mere. Nous avons aussi un bon frere et une bonne sreur. Le jardin est grand. J'ai un petit jardin. As-tu aussi un jardin? Nous avons un grand jardin. Mon petit frere a aussi un jardin. Ma petite soeur a un bon livre. Nous avons un grand livre et une petite plume. 10. We have a large garden. I have a good book. My little brother has also a book. The garden is small. My mother is good. My father has a good pen. My little sister has a large book. We have a little garden. We have a good brother and a good sister. 27. vous, you; avez, have; vous avez, you have; avez-vous? have you? achete', bought; vu, seen Yous avez un bon pere ct une bonne mere. Avez-vous aussi un bon frere ? J'ai un livre. J'ai achete" un livre. Nous avons vu un grand jardin. Avez-vous vu le grand jardin ? Mon fr6re a aussi YU un grand jardin. J'ai achet<* une plume. As-tu achete' une bonne plume? As-tu vu mon livre? J'ai vu ton livre et ta plume. Avez-vous vu ma petite sceur? Mon pere a achete un jardin. Ta sceur a achete un petit livre. Avez-vous vu mon frere? Nous avons vu ta soeur et ton frere. 18. Have you seen my father ? We have seen thy father and thy mother. Have you bought a good book ? I have bought a book and a pen. We have seen a little garden. Have you seen my little brother? I have seen thy little sister. Thy brother has bought a pen. My mother has bought a large garden. 19. notre, our; votre, your oncle, uncle; tante, aunt Notre p6re est un bon pere, et notre m6re est une bonne mere. Mon pere est ton oncle, et ma mere est ta tante. Ton frere a vu notre mere. J'ai vu votre soeur. Avez-vous vu notre petit frere? Yotre livre est bon. Yotre frere a une bonne plume. Notre pere a achete un grand jardin. Nous avons vu votre oncle et votre tante. As-tu aussi vu notre jardin? 20. Our brother is a good brother, and our sister is a good sister. Thy father is my uncle, and thy mother is my aunt. Have you seen your father ? Our book is small. Your garden is large. Your sister has bought a pen, and your brother has bought a good book. Have you seen your aunt ? 21. il, he, it; elle, she, it mais, but; tres, very; tres-bon, very good Mon pere est bon; il a" aussi un bon frere. Ma mere est bonne; elle a aussi une bonne soeur. Ton livre est petit, mais il est bon. Avez-vous vu notre jardin? II est tres-grand. J'ai achete* une plume; elle est tres-bonne. Nous avons vu votre oncle; il a achetd un grand livre. 22. Our mother is good; she has also a good brother. My father i.s tall; he has also a tall sister. Have you seen our uncle? He has a large book. I have bought a garden; it is very small. Thy pen is small, but it is very good. 23. qui (in. & f. nom.), who, which, that que (m. & /. ace.,), ivhom, which, that Nous avons un pere qui est bon. Yous avez une mere qui est bonne. J'ai un livrc qui est tres-bon. Ma soeur a une plume qui est tres-bonne. Le livre que vous avez achete', est bon. Le jardin que nous avons vu, est tres-grand. As-tu vu le livre que mon frere a achete? Le livre que-votre frere a achete, est bon, mais il est tres-petit. J'ai achete aussi un livre, mais il est grand. Yotre oncle a le livre que vous avez vu. 24. My uncle has the book that you have bought. Have you also bought a book? I have seen the garden which your brother has bought. We have a mother who is good. You have a father who is very good. The garden which you have bought, is large. My father, whom you have seen, is very tall. Your brother has a pen which is very good. 25. le chapeau, the hat, bonnet le canif, the penknife la montre, the watch le cheval. the horse un enfant, t ^ une enfant, | Ou avez-vous trouvd mon Where did you find (have yo^i chapeau ? found) my hat ? trouve, found pour, for perdu, lost ou, where J'ai un petit chapeau. Ton chapeau est grand. Mon frere a une montre. As-tu aussi une montre? Ma montre est petite, maig elle est tres-bonne. J'ai perdu un canif. Avez- vous trouve mon canif? Ma m6re a achet^ un chapeau pour ma soeur. As-tu vu le chapeau que ma mere a achete"? Notis avons trouve' un livre. Avez-vous perdu un livre? Ou as-tu I achete' ta plume? Notre pere a achete' un cheval. Yotre oncle a un bon cheval. Nous avons vu le cheval que votre pere a achete'. Mon frere est un enfant; il est tres-petit. 20. My sister is a child; she is very little. Have you seen the horse that your father has bought? Your aunt has lost a book. My sister has found the penknife which you have lost. Where didst thou find (hast thou found) my pen ? Have you seen the bonnet which my mother has bought for my sister ? Where did you lose (have you lost) your hat? Where hast thou seen my watch ? My horse is very small, but he is very good. Have you a large garden ? 27. ce, cet (m.), cette (f.), this, that cet is used instead of ce before a vowel or silent h. ce rameau, this branch cet habit, this coat cet arbre, this tree cette fleur, this flower Ce cheval est bon. Ce rameau est grand. Ce livre est petit. Cet enfant est notre frere. Cette plume est pour ma soeur. Cet habit est pour mon oncle. J'ai trouve un livre. Ou avez-vous trouve' ce livre ? Ma mere a achetd ce chapeau. Ton frere a vu cet arbre. Votre petit fr6re est un bon enfant. Ou as-tu achete' cefte fleur? Cette montre est tr6s-bonne. Ce chapeau est pour cet enfant. 28. This hat is for my brother. This tree is very small. He is very good. Where did you find (have you found) this penknife ? This flower is for my uncle. Thy father has seen this coat. Your aunt has bought this garden. Have you lost your pen? Where didst thou find (hast thou found) this book? I have found a watch which is very small. This bonnet is for thy sister; she is good. This branch is small. 29. le fils, the son le cadeau, the present la fille, the daughter la lettre, the letter rec,u, received dent, written vendu, sold dans, in Mon oncle a un fils et une fille. J'ai vu ton frere et ta sceur. Nous avons recu un-cadeau. Avez-vous dcrit une lettre? Ma sceur a rec,u un chapeau. " J'ai vendu mon cheval. As-tu aussi vendu ta montre? Ou avez-vous trouvd cette lettre? Nous avons trouve' cette lettre dans notre jardin. Ce cadeau .est poHr votre tantc. Votre fils cst tres-petit, mais il cst bon. Ma fille est tres-grandc. Cette fille a un bon pere et une bonne mere. Get enfant est mon fils. 30. This child is my daughter. This son has a good uncle and a good aunt. My daughter lias received a present. Your mother has written a letter for my sister. This watch is for your brother. Hast thou sold thy horse ? Where did you lose (have you lost) the watch? I (have) lost the watch in the garden. Have you seen my son and my daughter? My brother has received a letter. Have you sold your horse ? 31. son sa ( (')> I M S , her, its !), ) son oncle, Jiis or her uncle sa tante, his, or her aunt sa tete, 7tis, Jier, or its head Mon oncle a perdu son canif ct sa montre. Ma sceur a perdu son livre et sa plume. Mon pere a vendu son cheval. Ma tante a aussi vendu son cheval. Ou est votre oncle ? II est dans son jardin. Ou cst votre tante ? Elle est dans son jardin. Ce pere a perdu sa fille. Cette mere a perdu son fils. Mon oncle a achete' un chapeau pour son petit enfant. Cette lettre est pour ma sosur. Cette fille a dent une grande lettre pour sa mere. Nous avons trouve' un livre dans ce jardin. 32. Thy mother has lost a book. My sister has fpiuid a pen. Where did you buy (have you bought) this penknife? Hast thou seen our horse ? We have seen a large horse. Your little brother has a good watch. '/ Our brother is tall, but our sister Is short. *I have a hat which is very large. The penknife which you have bought, is a good one (is good). Our uncle has received a letter. This son has lost his mother. This daughter has lost her father, This present is for this child. 33. de, of or from de mon pere, of or from my father; or, my father's de nia mere, o/ or from my mother; or, my mother's do ton frere, of or /row M?/ brother; or, M?/ brother's de ta sceur, o/ or /row 7i^ sister; or, My sister's de son onclc, o/ or /row his uncle; or, 7iis uncle's de sa tantc, o/ or from his aunt; or, /iis aunVs de ce jardin, o/ or from this garden La plume de mon pere cst My father's pen (the pen of bonne. my father) is good. Le canif de mon pere est bon. La plume de ma soeur est bonne aussi. Avez-vous le canif de mon fre're? Le jardin de mon oncle est grand. J'ai vu le jardin de votre oncle. Notre pere a achete le jardin de ta tante. Yous avez perdu la plume de ma soeur. Get enfant est le fils de mon oncle. J'ai rec,u un canif de notrc tante. Nous avons rec,u un cheval de votre oncle. As-tu vu le pere de cet enfant ? Ma tante a requ une lettre de son pere. Cette lettre est de ma mere. As-tu rec,u ce cadeau de ton fre're? Le fils a perdu le livre de son pere. 34. This child has found his father's book (the book of his father). Have you received a letter from your mother? Hast thou seen my father's horse (the horse of my father) ? I have lost my sister's penknife. My aunt has bought my uncle's gar- den. We have sold my brother's hat. My sister's penknife is large. My aunt's garden is small. This watch is for thy son. Thy sister's horse is in the garden. 33. a, to a mon pere, to my father a ma mere, to my mother a ce jardin. to this garden Je pense a vous; I think, or 7 am thinking of (to) you. donne", given; prete', lent Je pense fi mon frerc ct a ma mere. Mon fils a e'er it une lettre 4 sa tantc. Mon onclc a vcndu son chovul a inon froro. J'ai donne* mon canif a ina soeur. Ma tante pense a son fils et a sa fille. Le fils de notre tante est tr6s-bom J'ai prete* mon canif a votrc so3ur. Avez-vous vendu votre jardin a raon oncle? Nous avons ecrit une grandc Icttrc a notre perc. Ma tante a recju ccttc Icttre de sa fille. J'ai prete a ton frere lo canif que j'ai rec,u dc inon oncle. Nous avons donne une plume a cet enfant. A?-tu pretd ton livre a ce bon enfant ? Je pcnse a ce fils ct a cette fille. 36. My uncle's garden (the garden of my uncle) is large. We have seen thy father's horse (the horse of thy father). Have you found my sister's book ? I have received this pen from my aunt. Hast thou received a book from this child? We have lent our book to thy brother. Did you find (have you found) this hat in your garden? We have written a letter to our brother and to our aunt. Thy mother has given a watch to my sister. 37, oncle, uncle 1'oncle, the uncle enfant, child 1'enfant, the child ami, friend (m.) 1'ami, the friend (m.) amie, friend (f.) 1'amie, the friend (f.) homme, man 1'homme, the man arbre, tree 1'arbre, the tree 1'oncle is used instead of le oncle 1'amie is used instead of la aruie 1'homme is used instead of le homme riche, rich jeune, young pauvre, poor malade, sick" ill encore, still, yet, again L'ami dc mon pere est riche. J'ai vu 1'amie de votre mere. Cet homme est 1'ami de mon oncle. L'enfant de cet homme est malade. Cet enfant est encore jcunc. L'oncle de mon ami est tres-richc. Avez-vous vu 1'arbre que mon pere a achete'? Mon onclo a vendu cet arbre a votre pere. L'homme qne vous avez vu, ost tres-pauvrc. Son fils est malade. Mon ami est un homme tres-riche. J';ii donne une plume a ce pauvre en- fant. La tante de ce jeuiie honiwe est malade. ^. 10 38. This poor man is the friend of my brother. I have found thy father's watch (the watch of thy father). Have you given the tree to your uncle ? His sister is young. My son has re- ceived a letter from this man. I think of (to) my horse and (to) my garden. The uncle of that child is very young. The man whom you have seen, is still poor. Where did you buy (have you bought) this hat for your brother? The friend of this young man has received a present. 39. Masculine. Feminine. le voisin, the neighbor la voisine, the neighbor le cousin, the cousin la cousine, the cousin 1'ami, the friend 1'amie, the friend le jardinier, the gardener la jardiniere, the gardener 1'homme, the man la femme, the woman Get homme est notre jardinier. Cette femme est notre jardiniere. Notre voisin est tres-riche. Yotre voisine est une bonne femme. Avez-vous vu mon cousin ? J'ai vu votre cousin et votre cousine. Yotre cousin est 1'ami de mon frere. Ma sceur est 1'amie de votre cousine. La bonne jardiniere a perdu ^on enfant. La voisine de mon oncle a un tr6s-bon fils. Notre jardinier est le pere de cet enfant. La fille de cette pauvre femme est malade. J'ai rcc,u un cadeau de ton cousin. Ma soeur a dcrit une lettre a votre cousine. 40. Our gardener is a good man. Our friend is a good woman. Thy cousin is the friend of my neighbor. My friend is the uncle of -this young man. I have seen this gardener's tree. Our neighbor has a very good son and a very good daughter. Hast thou seen this poor man's child? I have given my penknife to this poor child. 41. Masculine. Feminine. plus utile plus utile more useful plus sage plus sage wiser, better plus joli plus jolie prettier plus grand plus grande larger plus petit plus petite smaller 11 Masculine. Feminine. le mien la mieniie mine le 'tien la tienne thine le sien la sienne his, hers, its le notre la notre ours le votre la votre yours Mon jardin est plus grand quo My garden is larger than le tien. thine. Notre maison est plus grande Our house is larger than que la tienne. thine. sage, wise, good (as to conduct) que, than, as Mon canif est plus joli que le tien. Ma plume est plus grande que la tienne. Notre cheval est plus grand que le votre. ' Ton pere est plus petit que le mien. Le jardiu de votre oncle est plus grand que le notre. Get homme est plus riche que notre pere. Get enfant est plus sage que ton petit frere. Le chapeau de ma soaur est plus joli que le mien. Ce livre est plus utile que le notre. As-tu trouve' un chapeau? Ma sosur a perdu le sien. Notre tante est plus riche que la votre. Notre oncle a un jardin qui est tres-grand, mais le votre est plus grand. Nous avons un livre qui est plus utile que le votre. J'ai donne mon canif a ton frdre; il a perdu le sien. Le fils de notre jardiniere a trouvd une plume dans notre jardin; il a donne la sienne a mon petit frere. Mon frere a donne sa plume a ma cousine, qui a perdu la sienne. 42. Thy house is smaller than mine. Your book is more use- ful than ours. My child is better than thine. I have a garden which is prettier than hers. Have you seen a larger watch than mine? Your neighbor is richer than ours. My pen is larger than thine. I have found a watch, and my brother has lost his. Your cousin has a garden which is larger than mine. His aunt is richer than ours. My bonnet is larger than thine. Wo have a horse which is more useful than yours. 12 43. . facile, easy agreable, agreeable, pleasant difficile, difficult honnete, honest fidele, faithful le chien, the clog la maison, the house le chat, the cat le soleil, the sun la campagne, the country la lime, the moon la ville, the town le theme, the exercise haut fw.J, haute (f.) } high Mon frere est encore jeune. II est plus jeune que votre cousin. Cet horn me est pauvre, mais ce jardinier est encore plus pauvre. Notre tante a une grande maison. Avez-vous vu la maison de notre tante ? Cot enfant est plus sage que ma petite soaur. Ma cousine a un petit chat. J'ai donne* mon petit chien a notre cousin. Le chien est plus fidele que le chat. Votre voisin est pauvre, mais il est honnete. La jardiniere est une tre's-honnete femme. Le soleil est plus grand que la lune. La campagne est tres-agreable. La campagne est plus agre- able que la ville. Notre ville est plus petite que la votre. Mon ami a un petit chien qui est tr&s-fidele. Cet arbre est tres-haut; il est plus haut que le mien. Cette maison est tr6s- haute; elle est plus haute que la votre. Ton theme est plus facile que le notre, mais le theme de mon cousin est tres-difficile. 44. Hast thou seen the mother of this child ? She is very poor; she is poorer than the mother of our gardener. Have you seen my dog ? He is larger than thine. My cousin has also a dog which is very faithful. Thy uncle is richer than ours. This town is very large. We have bought a large house. Thy little brother is very good; he is better than ours. We have an aunt who is very rich. 45. celui Cm.), cello (f.), that Mon chien est plus petit que My dog is smaller (more small) celui de votre ami. than your friencVs (that of your friend). Ta montre est plus petite que Thy watch is smaller than thy celle de ta soeur. sister's (that of thy sister). 13 Ce canif est plus joli que celui de mon frere. Cette montre est plus jolie que celle de votre cousin. Cet arbre est plus haul que celui que nous avons vu dans votre jardin. Mon chapeau est plus petit quo celui de votre sccur. Votre plume est plus grande que celle dc votre ami. Le chicii de votre voisin est plus fidele que celui de notre tante. Ce theme est tres-difficile. Le theme de votre cousin est plus difficile quo le votre, mais celui de ma so3ur est encore plus difficile. La voisine de mon oncle a un petit chien qui est plus fidele que celui de votre jar- dinier, mais le mien est encore plus fidele. Mon theme est plus facile que le tien et que celui de ton frere. IG. The moon is smaller than the sun. The dog is more faithful than the cat. Thy book is more useful than thy cousin's (that of thy cousin). The hat of thy brother is smaller than my father's (that of my father). The house of our gardener is larger than your neighbor's (that of your neighbor) (f.). The friend of our uncle is richer than your brother's (that of your brother). 47. Emilie, Emily Adolphe, Adolphus Henri, Henry Francois, Francis Jean, John Guillaume, William Louis, Louis Louise, Louisa a Bruxelles, to, at, in Brussels a Londres, to, at, jn London a Vienne, to, at, in Vienna aPhiladelphie,fo,a,wP/7a- delphia arrive (m.), arrivee (f.), arrived parti (m.), partie (f.), set out, departed ii est arrive, he has (is) arrived s'appelle, is called elle est arrivee, she has(is) arrived est a, belongs to (is to) Lc fils de notre voisine s'appelle Charles, et sa fillc s'ap- pelle Louise. L'enfant de notre jardinier s'appelle Guillaume. La tante de Ferdinand est arrivee, mais son pere est parti pour Philadelphie. La soeur de Louis est tres-sage. Jo pense a Jean 14 et a Louis. La soeur de Louise a dcrit une lettre a Emilie. Fran- qois a recju cette plume d'un jeune homme qui s'appelle Jean Henri a donne son livre a Ferdinand et sa plume a Joseph. Le cousin de Jean est parti pour Paris. Le chien de Charles est plus fidele que celui de Francois. Nous avons donnd notre petit chat a Guillaumc. Ce canit'est a Adolphe, et cette plume est a Jean. Notre tante est a Paris. Mon cousin est a Vienno. Ce jeur.e homme est de Bruxelles. Notre ami est de Baltimore. 4:8. Josephine has lost her bonnet. Hast thou found Henry's penknife? John's father is very good. Charles's garden is smaller than mine. Joseph's friend has (is) set out. My cousin has arrived. -We have received a letter from Louis; he is in London. Have you seen John and Ferdinand? We have written a letter to our friend at (of) Boston. 49. Singular. Plural. le pere, the father les peres, the fathers la mere, the mother les meres, the mothers 1'enfant, the child les enfants, the children 1'homme, the man les homines, the men bon (m.), bonne (f.) bonsfraj, bonnes (/.j, good content (m ,, contcntc (f, petit (m.), petite (f.) petits (m. ), petites C/J, little le (m.) t la (f.) les, the sont, are Mes freres sont arrives. My brothers have (are) arrived. Mes sojurs sont arrivdes. My sisters have (are) arrived. , la fleur, the Jloiuer toujours, alivays la pommc, the apple sont a, belong to (are to) la poire, the pear il aime, he loves, he likes la cerise, the cherry sou vent, often Les p6res sont bons, ct les meres sont bonnes aussi. Les livres de mon oncle sont utiles. Les plumes de ma soeur sont petites. Les enfants de cct homme sont tres-sages. Les sosurs dc mon ami sont bonnes. Avez-vous vu les livres <lc 15 mon cousin ? Nous avons trouve' les livres et les plumes de votre frere. La mere de Charles aime les fleurs et les enfants. Les amis tie Ferdinand sont arrives. Los freres de mon voisin sont partis pour Vienne. Cette maisori est haute. Les maisons de cette ville sont tres-hautes. Les arbres de notre jardin sont plus hauls que les arbres de votre jardin. Les enfants de notre jardinier sont encore tr6s-jeunes. Les thdmes de ma cousine sont faciles, raais les themes de mon fre're sont tr6s-difficiles. Ta sceur est contente. Les fllles de notre voisin sont toujours contentes. Les pauvres sont souvent plus contents que les riches. 30. The children of our gardener are good (sayes). Your father's books are very useful. The friends of my uncle are very rich. Vienna is a large city. The houses in (of) Vienna are very high. Francis and Henry have! (are) arrived. Louisa and Josephine have (are) set out. Thq sisters of Henry are still young. We have seen the children of this poor woman. This woman is always contented ; she as more contented than our neighbor (f.) who is very rich. 1 51. un (m.), une (f.), one dix-neuf, \nineteen !_/ deux, two vingt, twenty trois, three vingt et un, twenty-one quatre,/ow vingt-deux, twenty-two cinq, jive trente, thirty six, six trente et un, thirty-one sent, seven trente-deux, thirty-two fiuit, eight quarante, forty neuf, nine cinquante, fifty dix, ten soixante, sixty onze, eleven soixante et dix, seventy douz&ftwelve soixante et onze, seventy-one treize, thirteen soixanjgjd^uze, seventy-two quatorze,-/<mrteen quatfe^vingts^ eighty quinzp, fifteen quatfe^vingt-un, eighty-one seize, sixteen , quafre^vingt-dix, ninety dix-sept, seventeen cent, a hundred dix-huit, eighteen cent un, a hundred and one 16 Janvier (m.), January t'eVrier (m.), February Mars (m.) r March Avril (m.)j April Mai (w.), Juin (m. j, Juillet Cm Aout (m.). August Soptembre (mj, September . Octobre fm.j, October Novembre (m.), November Ddcembre (m.), December la chambre. Me room la table, the table la chaise, the chair 1'an Cm.), I'anne'e (f.), the year te mois, the month la semaine, 1'annde bissextile, leap-year le jour, Me da# une heure, an hour une minute, a minute une seconde, a second il y a, Mere is, there are font, Dans notre maison il y a quatorze chambres. Dans cette chanbre il y a deux tables et douze chaises. Notre voisin a cin<( enfants, trois fils et deux filles. Dans notre jardin il y a vingt grands arbres. Dans la maison de notre jardinier il y a cinq chats et trois chiens. Nous avons un chat et deux chiens. L'an a douze mois; la semaine a sept jours. J'ai rec,u de mon p6re quatre pommes et six poires. Mon oncle a donne* a ma S03ur un joli canif et vingt plumes. Un jour a vingt-quatre heures. Une heure a soixante minutes. Janvier a trente et un jours. Avril a trente jours. L'anne'e a trois cent soixante. cinq jours. Soixante secondes font une minute. 52. Our father has three penknives. My friend has five sisters. This woman has seven children. I have bought six chairs. This man has four sons and two daughters who are very good (sages). We have received three letters for my uncle. My friend has found a penknife and eight pens. Sixty seconds make one minute. Sixty minutes make one hour. Twenty-four hours make one day. Seven days make one week. Twelve months make one year. March has thirty-one days. June has thirty days. Leap-year has three hundred and sixty six daya. 17 53. Singular. Masc. Fern. mon ma Plural. Both Genders. mes, my ton ta tes, thy son sa ses, his, her Masc. Fern. le mien la mienne les miens les miennes, mine le tien la tienne les tiens les tiennes, thine le sien la sienne les siens les siennes, his, hers il, he elle, ils elles, Indicative Mood, Present Tense, j'ai, / have nous avons, we have tu as, thou hast vous avez, you have il a, he has ils ont, elle a, she has elles ont, j'aime, Hove, Hike arrose', watered J'aime mes freres et mes soaurs. J'aime aussi mes cousins ?t mes cousines. Ces arbres sont jolis; les miens sont joli? aussi. Mon frere a perdu ses plumes. Cette femme aime se? erifants. Get homme a perdu ses amis, et cette mere a perdu ses enfants. J'ai donnd mes fleurs a ton cousin. J'ai requ cette annde six lettres de mes amis. Mon cousin a e'crit cette semaine deux lettres a ses amis. As-tu arrose tes fleurs ? J'ai arrose' les miennes et les tiennes. Ma soeur a aussi arrosd les siennes. Mes cousines ont requ deux jolis chats; elles sont tr&s- contentes. Tes freres ont acliete' deux chiens qui sont tres- fiddles. Ils ont donne trois livres a mes soeurs. Charles a perdu son chapeau et le mien. 54. Have you seen my uncles and my aunts ? My books are more useful than thine. I love thy cousins. Thy cousins (f.) are good; mine (f.) are good also. Hast thou written thy let- ters? I have written mine. We have seen thy children and mine in the garden. William has sold my flowers and his own (his) also. . My exercises are more easy than his. Our neigh- bor's dog is more faithful than our aunt's (that of our aunt\ Have you lent your book to this good child ? There are three men in the house. It 65. Singular. Plural. Mane. Fei>*. Both Genders. notre notrt nos-, our votre votre vos, your le notre la notre les notres, ours le votre la votre les votres, yours triste, sad Avez-vous vu nos freres et nos soeurs? J'ai vu vos cousins et vos cousiues. Ou sont nos livres et nos plumes? J'ai perdu vos livres et les notres. Mon frere a trouve mes livres et les votres. Nous avons arrosd nos fleurs. Avez-vous aussi arrosd les votres? Yotre soeur est partie cette semaine. Mon pere et ma mere sont malades. Ces enfants sont tres-tristes. Mes cousins sont arrives. Vos jardins sont plus grands que les notres. Notre ville est plus petite que la votre. Nos sceurs Bont plus jeunes que les votres. Tes freres sont les amis de mes cousins. Je pense souvent a vos freres. J'ai achetd trois canifs pour les enfants de notre cousin. Ou sont vos soeurs ? Elles sont a Philadelphie. Et vos freres? Us sont partis pour St. Louis. 56. My children are very ill. Our friends are very sad. I have seen thy flowers. Hast thou found my books and my pens ? I have written a letter to thy brothers. We have re- ceived two letters from our cousins who are in Paris. Thy uncle has watered his flowers and ours. I have given to this poor child my pens and thine. My father has sold his dogs and mine. 57. Singular. Plural ce, cet (m.), this, that ces, these, those cette (f.), this, that ces, these, those ce bouquet, this nosegay ces bouquets, these nosegays cet arbre, this tree ces arbres, these trees cette rose, this rose ces roses, these roses un franc, a franc (= tiuenty cente) sur, on. upon avec, with 19 Ces jardins et ces maisons sont a ma tante. Ces porames eL ces poires sont a mes sceurs. Ces bouquets sont grands. Ces enfants sont t res-sages; ils out une bonne mere. Ou avez- vous "achete ces roses ? Nous avons trouve ces livres sur cette table. Ma tante a donne deux francs a ces pauvres enfants. Ils sont arrives avec ce jeune homme. Ces cerises sont pour vos freres. Avez-vous vu mes fils et mes filles ? Ces deux homines sont freres. Ces deux femmes sont sceurs. J'ai achete ces tables et ces chaises pour ma fille. Ces petits arbres sont a notre voisin. Ces deux grandes maisons sont a notre oncle. J'ai trouve' ces fleurs dans votre jardin. Ces enfants sont tristes ; la mere de ces enfants est tres-malade. Yos fils sont plus sages que les miens, mais mes filles sont plus sages que les votres. J'ai requ ces pom mes de notre jardinier, et ces poires de notre jardiniere. 58. These pens are good. These trees are high. I have given these books to my friend. Hast thou watered these roses ? These children are better than the sons of our neigh- bor. These books are more useful than ours. These pears and apples belong to iny brother. We have bought these trees. This poor woman has seven children, four sons and three daughters. We have received these cherries from these children. These nosegays are very large. 59. Singular. Plural. tout (m.) toute (f.) tous (m.) toutes (f.) all tout le monde. everybody tous les hommes, all men (all the world) toutes les femmes, all women toute la ville, the whole tous les jours, every day (all city the days) le monde, the world la nuit, the night la tcjrre, the earth, land la prairie, the meadow Dieu, God envoye, sent cre'e, created pleure', cried, wept mi 01, a crown, a dollar 20 J'aime tous les hommes. Tous mes amis sont partis pour la campagne. Tous ces jardins et toutes ces prairies sont a ma tante. Cette femme a perdu tous ses enfants. J'ai perdu tous mes livres et toutes mes plumes. Notre jardinier a perdu sa bonne m6re; il a pleure toute la nuit. Dieu a cree toute la terre. Avez-vous arrose' tous ces petits arbres et toutes ces fleurs ? Le jardinier a arrosd tout le jardin. Tous ces themes sont faciles. Mon cousin a pr^te" tous ces livres a Henri. Louise a perdu toutes ses plumes. Avez-vous dent toutes ces lettres ? Ma tante a envoys' trois dcus a cette pauvre femme. Elle a donnd toutes ces pommes et toutes ces poires a ces enfants. Nous avons achete' toutes ces cerises. 60. My father has sold all his dogs. We have sold all our gardens. I have lost all my friends. All these books belong to our neighbor. I love all these children. I think every day of (to) Louis and (to) Charles. Where did you buy (have you bought) these penknives ? I have seen the whole house. All our letters have arrived (arrivees). Charles is departed with all his friends. We have found all these apples in the garden of our neighbor. Everybody loves flowers. 61. la mere, the mother 1'enfant, the child ( of the mother ( of the child de la mere < the mother's de 1'enfant < the child's (from the mother (from the child a la m6re, to the mother a 1'enfant, to the child le roi, the king la reine, the queen 1'argent (m.), the money, silver La m6re de la reine est bonne. Le jardinier a achete' quatre chaises pour le jardin. J'ai pretd mon canif a 1'ami de ton frere. Nous avons recju un petit chien de la mere de cet enfant. Votre onclo a dcrit une lettre a la soeur de notre voisin. Le roi a envoyd un cheval a la reine. J'ai re^u toutes ces fleurs de la jardiniere. Les enfants de la jardiniere sont malades. Je pense a 1'amie de notre sosur. Henri a donnd son argent a 1'enfant de cette pauvre femme. Le chien est utile a 1'homme. 21 Ce jardin est a 1'oncle de mon ami. Ces prairies sont a la tante de ce jeune horn me. Nous avons vendu notre cheval a 1'ami de notre voisin. L'argent de 1'enfant est perdu. 62. Have you given the apple to Henry's aunt? My mother's flower is very pretty. The horse is useful to (the) man. The sister of the queen is very ill. Have you written to the friend of the gardener (f.)1 The father of the child is poor. My neighbor's tree is higher than yours. The friend of the man has (is) set out from Paris. My neighbor has received a pre- sent from his brother. My mother has received all these cherries from the aunt of her neighbor. This watch belongs to John's uncle. My sister has been crying (has cried) all night. 63. le pere, the father le soldat, the soldier fof the father ( of the soldier the fathers du soldat, -j the soldier's from the fatlier (from the soldier au p6re, to the father au soldat, to the soldier k du is used instead of de le; au is used instead of a. le. la loi, the law la vie, (the) life le peuple, the people le bonhcur, (the) happiness la partie, the part le malheur, (the) misfortune court fmj, courte (f.), short Un bon pere aime ses enfants. Le frere du roi est arrive". Avez-vous vu le jardin du roi ? La vie de 1'homme est courte. Mon livre est tres-court. Charles a donne cinq e'cus a cette pauvro femme. Le jour est une partie de la semaine. La semainc est une partie du mois. La terrc est une petite partie du monde. Le chien est 1'ami de I'hommc. Les malheurs de ces hommes sont grands. Les enfants du jardinier sont tres-sages. J'ai donne" /m petit chien au fils du soldat. As-tu regu se canif du jardinier? Ce cheval est au voisin de mon oncle. Le bon- heur de la vie est court. Mon cousin a vendu sa maison au ire're de notre voisin. Ma sceur a donnd tout son argent a 1'enfant de cette femme. Les bonnes lois font le bonheur du peuple. Je pense toujours au malheur de mon ami. 22 64. I am always thinking of (to) the happiness of my child. My friend's sister has seen the gardener's meadow. I have given a book to the brother of my friend (m.). My brother has bought a present for his friend's child (for the child of his friend). These trees belong to the son of our gardener. The month is a part of the year. The earth is larger than the moon. We have sold the garden and (the) house to my cousin's friend (to the friend of my cousin). Thy sister is a friend of mine (one of my friends). The poor man whom I have seen is the son of the gardener. The dog is faithful to man. 05. ies arbres, the trees des arbres, of or from the trees aux arbres, to the trees des is used instead of de Ies; aux is used instead of ii leg. Un bon fils est le bonhcur du pre. Les chiens sont Ies amis des hommes. Ces arbres sont aux fils du jardinier. J'ai donnd mes livres aux filles de cette pauvre femme. Le cheval est utile aux hommes. Les enfants des pauvres sont Bouvent plus contents que Ies enfants des riches. Nous avons rec,u toutes ces fleurs du fils du jardinier. Ma sosur a rec,u ces lettres des amies de Louise. Nous avons dent aux amis de notre cousin. Ma mere a donne* huit e'cus aux pauvres. Ma tante a envoys' vingt francs aux enfants de la jardiniere. 6Y>. The brother of the soldier is ill. The sister of the gar- dener is very short. I have given my flowers to the son of the gardener. That man has bought a horse for his son. We have received this present from the mother of this child. Have you written a letter to the brother of our neighbor? I think always of (to) your father's friend. This house belongs to thy friend's uncle. I love the children of my neighbor. Thy sisters have given a dollar to the poor. The children of the poor are often very contented. (The) good children are the happiness of the father and (of the) mother. We have given our money to the children of these poor persons (pauvres). 23 67. peu, little peu de pain, little bread peu, few peu d'hommes, few men beaucoup, much beaucoup de vin, much wine beaucoup, many beaucoup do livres, many books plus, more plus de vin, more ivine plus, more plus de pommes, more apples assez, enough assez de biere, beer enough assez, enough assez de cerises, cherries enough J le pain, the bread 1'eau f/J, the water le beurre, the butter la biere, the beer la viande, the meat le the', the tea le vin, the wine mange, eaten donnez-moi, give (to) me bu, drunk Cet homme a beaucoup d'argent. Mon ami a plus d'argent quo nous. Avez-vous beaucoup de vin ? Donnez-moi un peu de biere. J'ai assez de pain. As-tu assez de viande? Nous avons peu de beurre. Nous avons beaucoup de pommes. Nous avons mange peu de cerises. Mes soeurs ont achete beaucoup de poires. Donnez cet argent a cette pauvre femme. Donnez un peu de the a ce malade. Donnez un peu d'eau a ce pauvre malade. Cet homme a beaucoup de flours dans son jardin. Mon frere a plus de livres que le tien, mais ton frere a plus de plumes que le mien. Cet homme est un bon p6re; il a donne' beaucoup d'argent aux pauvres. Ce pauvre homme a peu d'amis, mais il a beaucoup de chiens et de chats. Cette m6re a beaucoup d'enfants. Henri a vu plus de villes que nous. 68. Give me a little bread. Have you eaten cherries enough ? We have few pears in the house. My brothers have sold more apples than you. Have you much beer ? Hast thou meat enough ? Your father has more trees in his garden than we. The dog has drunk water enough. The cats have eaten much meat. The son and the daughter of my friend have more money than you. My sister has more pens than thine. Thy father has drunk little wine. 6*9. autant, as much j'ai autant de pain que vous, / have. as much (of) bread as you autant, as many j'ai autant de plumes que vous, / have as many pens as you trop, too much trop de papier, too much paper trop, too many trop d'arbres, too many trees eombien? how much ? combien de viande? how much meat? conibien? how many? combien de poires? how many pears ? moms, less moms de beurre, less butter moins, fewer moiiis de maisons, fewer houses tant, so much tant de the, so much tea tant, so many tant de pommes, so many apples le fromage, the cheese le poivrc, the pepper le sel, the salt la moutarde, the mustard Mon pere a autant de livres que vous. Yous avez moins de plumes que mon frere. Get enfant a trop de vin. Donnez-rnoi un peu dc fromage. Avez-vous assez de sel ct de poivre ? J'ai donne" un peu de moutarde a Henri. II a bu trop de biere. Combien d'cnfants avez-vous? J'ai six enfants; quatre fils et deux filles. Notre voisin a moins d'eufants que vous: il a deux fils et une fille. II y a beaucoup d'arbres dans ce jardin. Les hommes qui sont contents, sont riches. Peu d'hommes sont contents. Le pauvre a peu d'amis. As-tu autant d'argent que nous? J'ai moins d'argent que vous, mais j'ai plus de livres que vous. Donnez au tils de la jardiniere le canif que vous avez recju de ma sceur; il a perdu le sien. Nous avons tant d'amis! 70. How many dogs have you ? I have two dogs. Have you as many trees as my friend ? This man has drunk too much wine. My father has as many apples as you. Give me a little salt. I have less bread than you; but I have more cheese (than you). Our neighbor has fewer children than the soldier. Henry has written as many exercises as his brother. William has received more letters than you. Give a little wine to this poor woman. John has eaten too much mustard and pepper. Give (to) the daughter of the soldier the cat that you have received from your uncle. She has lost hers. My son has as many dogs as thine. 25 71. le morceau, the piece la tasse, the cup le verre, the glass une aune, an ell la bouteille, the bottle une paire, a pair la livre, the pound une douzaine, a dozen le quintal, <Ae hundred- une corbeille, a basket weight clemi, #/ demi-douzaine, /ta{/" a dozen le cafe, Ae cojfee le soulier, the shoe la boite, the box la botte, the boot la toile, /te linen la chemise, Ae s/wri le mouchoir, the pocket- la cravate, the cravat handkerchief le crayon, the pencil le gant, the glove 1'encre (f.), the ink le bas, the stocking le sucre, the sugar Ma mere a envoye a ma cousine trois paires de gants, six paires de bas, deux douzaines de chemises, et une corbeille de cerises. Dans cette boite il y a dix aunes de toile, quatre mouchoirs et une demi-douzaine de cravates. J'ai rec,u de mon pere un chapeau ct une montre, un canif, six plumes, trois crayons et deux francs. Mon frere a achete deux paires de souliers et une paire de bottes. Nous avons envoye a 1'ami de notre oncle vingt livres de sucre, un demi-quintal de cafe et douze bouteilles de vin. Donnez-moi un morceau de viande, une bouteille de biere et un peu de moutarde. Ma tante a achete une grande table et une demi-douzaine de chaises. J'ai bu un verre de vin, et j'ai mange" un morceau de fromage. Cette tasse de the est pour mon cousin, et ce morceau de sucre est pour ma soeur. Nous avons donne au fils de notre voisine six plumes, deux crayons et un peu d'encre: il a ecrit une lettre a son oncle qui est a Louisville. 72. Our gardener has many flowers. My father has more flowers than your gardener. This man has much money; he is very rich. You have less money than this man. We have as many children as you. How many books hast thou ? I have few books, but I have many friends. Give me a glass of water. Hast thou given a bottle of beer to the children of our 26 neighbor? My sister has received a pound of cherries and two pounds of tea. This pair of boots is for Louis, and this dozen (of) shirts is for Charles. 73. Singular. Plural. le chapcau, the hat, bonnet les chapeaux, the hats, bonnets le cadeau, the present les cadeaux, the presents 1'oiseau (in.), the bird les oiseaux, the birds le jeu, the play, game les jeux, the games le couteau, the knife le raoineau, the sparrow le vaisseau, the ship le chateau, the castle, country-seat le troupeau, the flock le feu, the fire Ma soeur aime les oiseaux; elle a beaucoup d'oiseaux. Le feu et I'eau sont utiles a I'homme. Get homnie est tres-riche; il a deux chateaux, beaucoup de jardins et de prairies. Vos chapeaux sont plus grands que les notres. Avez-vous vu les deux moineaux de mon frere ? Mon cousin a vendu tous ses oiseaux. Cette petite fille aime les jeux. Ces troupeaux sont a notre voisin. Nous avons vu deux grands vaisseaux. J'ai achetd une douzaine de verres et une deini-douzaine de cou teaux. Ces moineaux sont encore jeunes. Ces cadeaux sont pour Josephine. 74. My brother likes ships; he has three ships. My father has bought two castles. Your presents are smaller than ours. We have found two sparrows in the garden. These birds belong to the pretty daughter of the soldier. The flocks of my uncle are larger than yours. The castles which he has sold (vendus) are very large. This pretty child loves (the) games. How many knives have you ? The fires in the castles are small. My father has bought four ships-. 75. Singular. Plural. le cheval, the horse les chevaux, the horses 1'animal, the animal les animaux, the animals le travail, the ivork les travaux, the works le mal, the evil le ge'ne'ral, the general le ro&al, the metal le lion, the lion _ 27 Les travaux de cet homme sont agreables. Les chevaux sont tre"s-utiles; ils sont plus utiles que les chiens. Nous avons vendu nos chevaux. Notre voisin a plus de chevaux que de chiens. Ces animaux sont tres-jolis. Le lion est le roi des animaux. Nous avons achete deux quintaux de cafe. Nous avons vendu notre maison a 1'amie de votre tante. C'est une tres-jolie maison. Les hommes ont beaucoup de maux. Les fils de notre voisin ont achete les oiseaux du jardinier. Nous avons vu les chevaux de vos amis et les travaux des soldats. Mori fils aime les chevaux. Je pense toujours aux freres ct aux soeurs de mon ami. L'argent est un me'tal. Les metau* sont tres-utiles aux hommes. 76. I have seen your father's castles. We have lost our hats. These knives are for my mother. Thy brother likes birds. Give me these sparrows. These flocks belong to our neighbor. Our friend has lost all his ships. My cousin has received two horses from the son of this general. Henry loves work; these works are very useful. This poor animal is ill. These little animals are very faithful. 77. Singular. Plural. du, de la, de 1' des, of the, some, any du papier, of the paper, some paper, any paper de la viande, of the meat, some meat, any meat de 1'encre, of the ink, some ink, any ink des pommes, of the apples, some apples, any apples des enfants, of the children, some children, any children chez, at the house of chez mon pere, at my father's chez le boulanger, at the baker's chez moi, at my house le cordonnler, the shoemaker fait, made le libraire, the bookseller le menuisier, the joiner on, one, people le marchand, the tradesman il trouve, he finds il vend, he sells il fait, he makes s'il vous plait, if you please le citron, the lemon 28 J'ai mangd du pain ct de la viaiide. Nous avons achetd des poinmes et des poires. Mon frere a bu du vin, et vous avcz bu de la biere et de Veau. Ce marchand vend du sucre, du cafe et des citrons. Le cordonnier fait des souliers et des bottes. Le mcnuisicr fait des tables et des chaises. Chez le librairc on trouve des livres, des plumes, du papier, de Pencre, des canifs et des crayons. Get homme vend des chevaux et des chiens. Dans cette boite il y a des gants, des bas, des mou- choirs, des cravates et de la toile. Donnez-moi, s'il vous plait, du sel et du poivre. Avez-vous de la moutarde? Nous avons achetd des tasses, des verrcs, des bouteilles et des couteaux. Mon oncle a donne de Pargent aux pauvres. II y a des pauvres qui sont tres-contents. II y a des animaux qui sont plus grands quo les chevaux. 78. The child has eaten some bread and some pears. Have you sent any beer to the gardener's father ? My uncle has sold some ink to the cousin of the tradesman. There are some children in the house with my mother. At the gardener's we get (one finds) apples, pears, and cherries. Give me, if you please, some water for the child. This tradesman sells metal and glasses. This joiner sells tables. Give me, if you please, some pencils for my father. There are few men who are very happy. My uncle has given some bread to the sparrows. This man has sent some boots, shoes, and stockings for the poor at (de) Vienna. 70. voici, here is, here are voila, there is, there are voici mon frere, here is my brother voila mes soeurs, there are my sisters voici du vin, here is wine voila du vinaigre, there is vinegar le fruit, the fruit le vinaigre, the vinegar le lait, the milk Phuile <f. ., the oil le chocolat, the chocolate la farine, the flour, meal la soupe, the soup le jambon, the ham les tegumes (m.), the vegetables la tranche, the piece, the slice 29 Voici du vin et de 1'eau, du cafe et du chocolat, du sucre et du lait. Nous avons mange de la soupe, de la viande, des legumes et du fruit. Donnez-moi, s'il vous plait, du vinaigre ct de Thuile. Yoila une bouteille de vinaigre, et voila aussi du poivrc et de la moutarde. J'aime le poivre et le sel. Dans cettc corbeille il y a des fruits et des fleurs. Nous avons dcs jardins et des prairies. Mon frere a des livres et des amis. ^ T otre cordonnier a des enfants tres-sages. Mes so3urs ont n ange du fromage, du jambon et du pain. Le jardinier a donne des cerises a Emilie. Ma mere a achete de la farine et du lait chez notre voisin. J'ai achete ce papier et cette encre chez le libraire. II y a dans cette ville des marchands qui sont tres-riches. 80. The shoemaker has made a pair of shoes for my sister, and two pairs of boots for Charles. Our gardener has bought some trees and flowers. This town has few houses. Our friend has ships and money. Your brother has many birds. Give a piece of ham and a glass of beer to William. I have received from the gardener a basket of flowers. Here are bread and fruit, oil and vinegar. Have you lost any money? We find at this tradesman's (one finds at the house of this tradesman) knives and penknives. 81. grand, great, large plus grand, greater le plus grand, the greatest riche, rich plus riche, richer le plus riche, the richest applique, diligent plus applique, more le plus applique, diligent the most diligent bon, good meilleur, better lomcMeur, the best 1'Amerique (f.), America 1'Asie (f.), Asia 1'Europe (/.), Europe TAfrique (f.) Africa PAustralie (/.), Australia c'est, that is, it is ce sont, these are, they are le negotiant, the merchant sensd, le fer (the) iron la montagne, the mountain fort, strong la fille, the girl aimable, amiable le tigre, the tiger 30 Get oiseau est petit; il est plus petit que le mien; c'est le pins petit de tous les oiseaux. Le lion est fort; il est plus fort quc le tigre; c'est le plus fort de tous les animaux. Voila une grande maison; olle est plus grande que la notre; c'est la plus grande dc la ville. Cette jeune fille est tres-aimable; elle est plus aimable quc sa sceur. Ce menuisier est un honnete homme; il a un tils qui est un pen plus jeune que Henri. Charles est plus applique que son frere; il est le plus applique de tous mes enlants. Louise est plus sage que Marie; elle est la plus sage de toutes. Francois a autant d'amis que vous; mais les votres sont plus riches que les siens. Notre voisin est riiomme le plus aimable du monde. Le fer est le plus utile des metaux. L'Australie est la plus petite partie du monde, et 1'Asie la plus grande. Le Mont Blanc est la plus haute montagne de 1'Europe. Les chiens sont les plus fideles de tous les animaux. Le nego- ciant qui a achete cette grande maison, est un des plus riches dc la ville. Ces thdmes sont difficiles ; ce sont des themes tres-difficiles. Ce couteau est bon: le mien est meilleur, mais le couteau de mon frere est le meilieur. 82. Europe is smaller than America. Iron is more useful than silver. Henry is taller than Charles, but William is the tallest. Francis is the 'youngest of my brothers, and Louisa the youngest of my sisters. This man is very poor, but this shoemaker is the poorest in (of) the town. My chair is very L.gh; it is the highest of all our chairs. This hat is prettier than thine; it is the prettiest of my hats. Our children are .ftore sensible than yours; they are the most sensible of all. 83. Singular. Plural. ce|ui (m.), celle (f.), that ceux (m.), celles (f.) 1 those celui-ci (m.), celle-ci (f.), this ceux-ci (m.), celles-ci (/.;, these (this one) celui-la (m .), cellc-la (/.;, that ceux-la(wj, celles-la (f.), those (that one) cet homme-ci, this man ces hommes-ci, these men cet homrae-la, that man ces hommes-la, those men 31 Mon chapeau est plus petit My hat is smaller than your que celui de votre frre. brother's (that of your brother). Ma pom me est plus petite My apple is smaller than your que celle de votre sceur. sister's (that of your sister). Yos die vaux sont plus grands Your horses are larger than your qtie ceux de votre oncle. uncle's (those of your uncle). Colui-ci est instruit. This one is learned. Celiii-la est ignorant. That one i's ignorant. le pense a cet homme-ci et a / think of this man and of celui-la. that. je parle, / speak -**'- /j Le chien du jardinier est plus fiddle que celui de notre foisin. Ma fille est plus appliquee que celle du libraire. Yos gants sont plus jolis que ceux de ma mere. Nous avons perdu tios livres et ceux de votre cousin. Yoila tes bottes et celles lie ton frere. Ou sont mes lettres et celles de ma cousine ? Je pense a mes amis et a ceux de mon cousin. Yoici ma cravate et celle de ton ami. Ce sont mes bas et ceux de mon frere. Cet homme-ci est plus fort que celui-la. Cette table-ci est plus haute que celle-la. Je parle de ce jardin-ci et de celui-la, do cette maison-ci et de celle-la. Je pense a cet enfant-ci et celui- la. Ces chapeaux-ci sont plus jolis que ceux-la. Ces enfants-la sont plus applique's que ceux-ci. Ces pommes-la sont meilleures que celles-ci. Ce cheval-ci est plus petit que celui-la, mais celui- ci est plus fort. Celui-ci est riche, celui-la est pauvre. 84. I have lost my pencil and my brother's (that of my brother). We have found thy watch and thy friend's (that of thy friend). My shoes are smaller than my cousin's (those of my cousin); but thine are the smallest. My mother loves her children and our gardener's. I have received thy letters and thy sister's. This bird is prettier than that which you have seen in our gar. den. This book is more useful than that. This house is higher than that. That girl is more amiable than this. Those mer- chants are richer than these. My pen is better than thine, but thy cousin's is the best. 32 83. Singular. Plural. leur (m. & f.) terns,, their le Icur (m.), la leur (f.) les leurs, theirs Ma sceur a perdu sa plume et son crayon. Ta cousine a trouve ses bas et ses gants. Nos freres ont vendu leur cheval et leur chien. Xos soeurs ont vendu leur jardin et leur maison. Les ills de mon voisin ont perdu leurs livres et leurs plumes. Ma tante est dans son jardin. Mes amis sont dans leur jardin. La jardiniere a requ des lettres de son fils. Mes cousins ont requ des cadeaux de leur pere. Notre voisine a envoye" cinq dcus a sa fille. Ces enfants ont fait un joli cadeau a leur oncle. Les soldats ont perdu leurs generaux. II a vendu son chien et le leur. Les enfants de mon voisin ont vu ma soaur et la leur. 80. This woman has lost her children. My cousin has written a letter to her uncle who is at Nashville. Thy brothers have lost their friend. My sisters have also lost their friend (f.). Our neighbor has (is) set out with her mother. Thy cousins have (are) arrived (arrives) with their father. These children have lost their hats. The children have their work (pi). Charles and William have sold their dog. My brothers have sold theirs. 8V. le premier, la premiere, the first le dix-huitieme, the eighteenth le second, la secondc, the second le dix-neuvi6me, the nineteenth le, la troisieme, the third le vingti6me, the twentieth le quatrieme, the fourth le vingt-et-unieme, the twenty- Is cinquieme, the fifth first le sixieme, the sixth le trentieme, the thirtieth le septieme, the seventh le quarantieme, the fortieth le huitieme, the eighth le cinquantieme, the fiftieth le neuvieme, the ninth le soixantieme, the sixtieth le dixieme, the tenth le soixante-dixieme, the seven- le onzieme, the eleventh tieth le douzieme, the twelfth le quatre-vingtieme, the eigli- le treizieme, the thirteenth tieth le quatorzieme, the fourteenth le quatre-vingt- dixieme, the le quinzieme, the fifteenth ninetieth le seizieme, the sixteenth le centieme, the hundredth le dix-septieme, the seventeenth le millieme, the thousandth le dernier, la derniere, the last 33 mdchant me'chante naughty modeste modeste modest Chretien, Christian Mathilde, Matilda Godefroi, Godfrey Marie, Mary \ /dimanche (m.), Sunday (j mercredi (m.), Wednesday lundi (m.), Monday jeudi (m.), Thursday mardi (m.), Tuesday vendredi (m.), Friday samcdi (m.) } Saturday Ce jeune homme est tr6s-applique"; il est le premier de la classe; Charles est le second; le modeste Henri est le troisi6me; Jean est le quatrieme; le bon Guillaume est le cinquieme; Chretien est le sixieme ; le petit Godefroi est le septieme; Paul est le huitieme; Francois est le neuvieme; Ernest est le dixieme; le mechant Joseph est le onzieme; Ferdinand est le douzienie; Adolphc est le treizieme; Albert estle quatorzieme; Louis est le dernier. Deux est la cinquieme partie de dix. Cinq est la quatrieme partie de vingt. Un jour est la septieme partie d'une semaine. 88. Louisa is the first in (of) the class; Mary is the second; (the) good Josephine is the third; (the) modest Emily is the ninth; Matilda is the fifteenth; (the) naughty Caroline is the last. A week is the fourth part of a month, and a month is the twelfth part of a year. Seven days make a week. Sun- day is the first, Monday is the second, Tuesday is the third, Wednesday is the fourth, Thursday is the fifth, Friday is the sixth, and Saturday the seventh. 89. qui? who? a qui? to ivhom? (whose?) dequi? of whom? from pour qui? for whom? whom? A qui est ce de' ? II est a ma Whose thimble is this ? It (is) grand'mere. C'est celui de belongs to my grandmother. ma grand'mere. It is my grandmother's. Chez qui avez-vous achet^ cette Where (at whose house) did ardoise? Chez le libraire. you buy that slate? At the bookseller's. 34 le in&licin the physician la servante, the maid-servant le dornestique ) the servant ici, here la domestiquc j ( m - & f-) la, there inoi, /, me Qui est la? C'cst lo mddecin; c'est la servante; c'est moi. Qui est cet homme-la? C'est le domestique; c'est le fils du jardinier. Qui sont ces enfants-la? Ce sont les enfants du medecin; cc sont les lilies de la servante. De qui avez-vous rec,u ces cadeaux ? Du fils de notre voisine. A qui est ce ehapeau? II est a mon fr6re. A qui est cette montre? Elle est a ma sceur. A qui sont ces gants ? Us sont a ma cousine. A qui sont ces bottes? Elles sont a mon cousin. Voici ton livre; celui-la est le mien. Voila ta cravate; celle-ci est la mienne. Voila tes chemises; celles-ci sont les miennes. A qui avez-vous donne la corbeille ? A la servante. A qui avez-vous ecrit ? A 1'oncle de mon ami. Ou est votre frere ? II est ici dans sa chambre. Chez qui avez-vous achete ces crayons? Chez le libraire. Pour qui sont ces oiseaux? Pour mon frere. Qui a achete cette jolie maison ? Notre voisin a achete ces deux maisons. Qui a ecrit ccttc lettre ? Marie a e'crit cette lettre. Pour qui sont ces fleurs? Les fleurs sont pour moi. Etes-vous content, Francois ? Je suis content aujourd'hui. 90. Who is there? It is the shoemaker; it is Henry. Who is that woman ? It is the wife of the joiner; it is the maid- servant of the physician. Who are those girls ? They are the daughters of the merchant. They are Louisa and Matilda. To whom have you lent your penknife ? I have lent mine to Charles, and my sister has lent hers to the son of the servant (m. ). To whom does this cat belong (to whom belongs this cat) ? It is our neighbor's (it is thai of our neighbor). To whom does this flower belong (belongs this flower) ? It is our sister's (that of our sister). To whom do these stockings belong (belong these stockings) ? They are our maid-servant's (those of our maid-servant). To whom do these letters belong? They are our aunt's. For whom are these books? For my two child- ren: for William and Josephine. 35 91. Singular. Plural. monsieur, Mr. messieurs, Messrs. madaine, Mrs. mesdames, Mesdames mademoiselle, Miss mesdemoiselles, Misses ce monsieur, this gentleman ces messieurs, these gentlemen cette dame, this lady ces dames, these ladies cette demoiselle, this young ces demoiselles, these young lady ladies bien, well le bien, the benefit, good dites, say, tell les bontes (f.), the kindness, good-will Monsieur Tournon est un honnete homme; il a une tres- bonne femnic, et ses enfants sont tres-sages. Madame Noir est une fcmme tres-modeste; elle aime ses enfants et elle fait du bien aux pauvrcs. Mademoiselle Renard est tres-aimable, elle a beaucoup de bontes pour moi; elle fait souvent des cadeaux a mes enfants. J'ai vu messieurs Noel; ils sont arrives cette semaine; mais ils sont tres-tristes, ils ont perdu leurmere. Avez-vous aussi vu les demoiselles Belmont qui sont arrivees avec leur pere ? J'ai trouve" le pere chez monsieur Nollet, mais les demoiselles sont malades. Qui est ee monsieur-la ? C'est un me'decin; c'est celui que vous avez vu chez moi. Mais, dites- moi, qui est cette dame-la? C'est la cousine de monsieur Blanc; c'est la soeur de madame Marmont. A qui sont ces chevaux ? Ils sont a messieurs Lamartine. A qui avez-vous ecrit ? J'ai crit a monsieur Sauvage qui est a Yienne, et a madame Latour, qui est a Bruxelles. 92. Have you seen Mr. Douro? He is very tall and (very) strong. Where is Louis's sister? She went (estpartie) this week to Philadelphia. Have you seen the sisters of Mr. Douro? They are still very young, but they are very amiable. To whom does this tlog belong? It belongs to my brother; it is that which he has received from Mr. Belmont. To whom does this meadow belong ? It belongs to Mr. Briggs, who is at Albany. Who are these gentlemen ? They are the brothers of the phy- sician. Who are those ladies? This is Mrs. Stanton, and that is the daughter of Mr. Verrier. 36 93. Indicative Mood, Present Tense. je suis, / am nous sommes, we, are tu es, thou art vous etes, you are i\ est, he is ilssont, \ they are clle cst, s/e is elles sont, ) j'ai raison, 7 ?w (Aare,) r&/t nous avons raison, we are right tu as raison, Mow art right vous avez raison, you areright il a raison, he is right ils out raison, they are right In the same manner say, j'ai tort, I am (have) wrong. le matin, the morning la famille, the family la visite, the visit parce que, because vcnu, come deja, already Ou cst ton frere ? Est-il ici ? II est malade, il est dans sa chambre. Je suis arrive ce matin. Avec qui es-tu venu? Je suis venu avec madame Gerard qui est malade aussi. As-tu deja fait une visite a monsieur Lebceuf ? J'ai deja, fait une visite a toute la famille. J'ai beaucoup de livres et d'amis, je suis tres- content. Celui qui est content, est riche. Nous sommes riches, parce que nous sommes toujours contents. Vous avez raison, et ma soeur a tort. Yous etes encore jeunes; mais vous 6tes plus sages qu'elle. Ces demoiselles-la sont tres-aimables; elles ont un oncle qui est tres-riche; il a achete' ce grand chateau-la, tous ces jardins et toutes ces prairies. 94. Art thou my friend? 1 (it, le) am. I am poor and thou art rich. My brother has (is) arrived this morning from Brus- sels. He is come with Mr. Murray, who is his friend. Thy sister has (is) gone (partie). With whom is she gone? With her cousin, with Miss Harris. Hast thou seen Mrs. Brown? She is (c'est) the best woman in the (of the) world; she has much good-will for my father. She has given (to) my brother a dozen pocket-handkerchiefs, and (to) my sister six pairs of gloves. We are poor, but we are contented. You have little money, but you are always diligent. 37 Indicative Mood, Imperfect Tense. j'etais, / was nous tions, we were tu etais, thou wast vous etiez, you were il etait, he was ils ^talent, | th were elle etait, she ivas heureux (m.), heureuse (f.), fortunate, happy malheureuxfwj, malheureuse (f.), unfortunate, unhappy vertueux (m.), vertueuse (f.), virtuous paresseux (m.), paresseuse (f.), idle tout a 1'heure, presently, just now a present, now . autrefois, formerly ordinairement, usually Cette famille elait autrefois tres-heureuse. Le pere e*tait un tres-honnete honime; la mere e"tait une femme moderate et vertueuse. Leurs enfants dtaient sages et appliques. Mon voHin dtait autrefois riche; mais scs enfants etaient tres- mechants et tr6s-paresseux. Ceux qui sont paresseux, sont ordinairement pauvres; mais ceux qui sont appliques, sont riches et contents. Tu tais toujours heureux, parce qne tu dtais sage et vertueux. L'homme vertueux est toujours heu- reux; mais celui qui est mediant, est malheureux. Cette mere-la est heureuse, parce qu'elle aime ses enfants qui sont vertueux et applique's; mais ces femmcs-la sont toujours tristes et mal- heureuses, parce qu'elles sont mechantes et paresseuses. Nous etions autrefois riches, et vous etiez pauvres; mais a pre*- sent nous sommes pauvres, et vous etes riches. Nous e"tions toujours amis. Tu etais Fami do mon frere, et moi, j'etais Fami de ton cousin. Mes freres etaient toujours dans votre jardin, et moi, j'etais toujours dans celui de notre voisin. f)0. Where were you this morning? I was at the house of my uncle who has (is) arrived from Boston. My brother and 1 (we) were at the house of thy father. Your aunt had (was) already gone. Where were you just now ? We were just now at the house of Mr. M., who has a very amiable daughter. These young ladies were always modest and virtuous. Mr. Duran was formerly very rich, but now he is poor. We were formerly unhappy, but now w_e are happy, happier than you. 38 Thou wast in our garden, and my brother was in thine. Where was thy sister ? She was at the house of her aunt. Thy aunt is very unhappy; she lias lost all her children. #7. Indicative Mood, Imperfect Tense. j'avais, I had nous a v ions, we had tu avais, thou hadst vous aviez, you had \i avail, he had ils avaient, ) ^ ha( ^ on avail, one or people had elles avaient, ) ils sont venus, they (m.) have (are) come elles sont venues, they (f.) have (are) come les parents, the relatives le commerce, trade, business 1'un, the one le banquier, the banker 1'autre, the other le nombre, the number lorsque, when, at the time ivhen connu, known car, /or, as le meilleur hommc do la villc, the best man in (of) the toivn Lorsque j'avais encore mes parents, j'e'tais tres-heureux. Mon pere etait riche; il avait beaucoup dc maisons, de jardins et de prairies. Ma mere etait d'une bonne famille; nous avions un grand commerce. Deux de mes oncles etaient banquiers. J'ai bien connu vos parents. Yous aviez un grand nombre de domestiques ct de servantes. Yos fibres avaient des chevaux et des chiens; ils etaient toujours contents. Tu e'tais encore jeune, lorsque ton pere avait tant de malhcurs. Tes sreurs dtaient amies des miennes; elles avaient aussi beaucoup de bonte's pour moi. Avez-vous aussi connu mes oncles? J'ai tres-bien connu vos deux oncles; 1'un dtait un liomme grand et fort, 1'autre dtait tres-petit. Celui-ci etait le meilleur liomme du monde; il avait un fils quo j'ai souvent vu chez monsieur Montgomery; c'e'tait un jeune hommc tres-aimable. 98. We (have) had this week a visit from (the visit of the) Messrs. Smith, who have (are) come (venus) with their sister. You had many friends when you were still young. We had more books than you. Our uncle had formerly a great number of birds - 39 - und dogs. Thou wast always very contented, for thou hadst thy friends. These two merchants were formerly very happy; they had a large business. I had two brothers; the one was at Vienna, the other at Berlin. Didst thou know (hast thou known) my two brothers? I knew (have known) the one (celui) who was at Berlin; the other wasyounge:: than I. But tell me, where is your brother now, who had always so many flowers ? He is 150110 to America. 99. eu, had mis, put, laid e'te, been pris, taken lu, read cherche', sought j'ai pris, I have taken, I took tu as pris, thou hast taken, thou tookest il a pris, he has taken, he took nous avons pris, we have taken, we took vous avcz pris, you have taken, you took ils ont pris, they have taken, they took la page, the page ensemble, together le plaisir, the pleasure hier, yesterday 1'affaire (f.), the business, work aujourd'hui, to-day la malle, le coffre, the box, trunk tout, everything, all Avez-vous pris mon crayon? J'ai pris votre plume. Nous avons eu beaucoup do plaisir. Tu as eu aujourd'hui peu d'af- faires. Mon frere a eu tort. Mcs soeurs ont eu raison. J'ai trouve hier ton frere; nous avons dtd ensemble chez ton oncle qui etait malade. Ou as-tu mis ma chemise? J'ai mis ta chemise sur une chaise. Qui a pris ma cravatc? Anjourd'hui tu as tout perdu. J'ai cherche' aussi mes bottes et mes souliers. On a tout pris. Donnez-moi, s'il vous plait, mes gants et mon mouchoir. Yoici vos bas et votrc montrc. Avez-vous lu cc livre? C'est un livre tres-utile. J'ai lu ce livre avec beaucoup de plaisir. J'ai lu aussi le livre quo Henri a pr6te a ma socur. Avez-vous des affaires aujourd'hui ? Nous avons ordinairemcnt beaucoup d'affaires. J'ai envoye ce matin mon fre're chez le banquier. J'ai vu votre frere; il est parti pour la campagne avec mon cousin. Oh, le petit merchant ! 40 100. Where hast thou put ray pocket-handkerchief? I have put thy pocket-handkerchief and thy stockings in the box. Thy brothers have put their gloves on the table. Have you taken my pen? Here is a pen, it is my brother's (that of my brother); but where is mine? This belongs to my cousin; there is also yours. Where have you been this morning? We have been at (chez) the shoemaker's. Yesterday we were to gethcr at (chez) the tradesman's, who sells linen and pocket- handkerchiefs. Who has had my penknife ? I have had your penknife. Have you read the book which I (have) lent to Louisa's sister ? We have read three pages of that book. It has given (cause) much pleasure to (the) little Matilda. 101. j'ai e'td, / have been nous avons e'te, we have been tu as ete, thou hast been vous avez ete, you have been il a 6-te, he has been ils ont ete, j tj have been elle a e'te, she has been cllcs ont dte, ) on a e'te, one has been, people have been Qui a ete la ? Monsieur Roland a ete ici ; il a mis ce livre-ci sur la table. As-tu ete chez le cordonnier? J'ai etd hier chez le cordonnier: il a deja fait vos bottes. Ces enfants ont e'te rnalades toute la semaine; ils ont mange trop de pom- mes dans le jardin du voisin. Vous avez dtd malheureux dans vos affaires, mais nos freres ont ete tres-heureux. Cette femme a toujours e'te' vertueuse, mais ses enfants ont toujours ete pares- seux. Mon voisin a e'te' 1'homme le plus riche de la ville. Ou avez-vous e'te' ce matin ? Nous avons e'te chez Charles qui est toujours triste, parce que sa m6re est partie. Mes soeurs ont dte' tres-contentes; elles ont eu beaucoup de plaisir. Madame Roland est tres-aiinable; elle a dte" aujourd'hui chez mon oncle. 102. We went (have been) yesterday to the garden of our neighbor, where we (have) had much pleasure. We have eaten some apples and pears. You are very fortunate: have you also seen his trees and flowers ? We have seen everything. We have been very contented, but my sisters have been very naughty; they have taken some fruit which the gardener had put into a little basket for Josephine. When the neighbor came 41 (is come), he said (has said) to my sisters: you are naughty; you have taken the fruit which was for your cousin (/.). My sisters have wept, and (they) have been very sad. Your neigh- bor is an honest man; he has always been the friend of those who are virtuous. 103. Indicative Mood, Present Tense, Negatively. ne pas, not } no je ne suis pas, I am not je n'ai pas, / have not tu n'es pas, thou art not tu n'as pas, thou hast not il n'est pas, he is not il n'a pas, he has not nous ne sommes pas,ive are not nous n'avons pas, we have not vous n'etes pas, you are not vous n'avez pas, you have not ils ne sont pas, they are not ils n'ont pas, they have not II n'a pas d'argent. He has no money. Ils n'ont pas de livres. They have no books. Je ne suis pas malade. Tu n'es pas content, tu n',as pas assez de bontes pour tes amis. Mon frere n'est pas heureux, il n'a pas d'amis. Ma so3ur n'est pas applique'e, elle n'aime pas le travail. On n'est pas vertueux, lorsqu'on n'aime pas ses pa- rents. Nous ne sommes pas tristes, nous n'avons pas perdu nos livres. Vous n'etes pas appliques, vous n'avez pas fait (done) vos themes. Yos freres ne sont pas paresseux, ils n'ont pas pleure. Yos sceurs ne sont pas mechantes, elles n'ont pas pris mes plumes. Les homines qui sont me'chants, ne sont pas heu- reux. Ceux qui n'ont pas fait leur theme, sont paresseux. Je ne suis pas venu avec votre frere; je n'ai pas lu le livre que vous avez lu. Beaucoup de livres ne sont pas utiles. 104. I am not rich, but I am contented. I have not drunk of this wine. Thou art not the first in (of) the class, and (thou) hast not done -\made) the best exercise. This town is not pleasant. This dog is not faithful. Our neighbor has not bought this house. We are not poor, we have not sold our gardens. You are not unhappy, you have not lost your relatives. These exer- cises are not difficult. These houses are not high. My friends have not found their father; they are not gone to Mr. Mably's. Tour sisters have not done their exercises, they are not diligent. 42 105. Masculine. Feminine. cruel cruelle, cruel, farce mortel mortelle, mortal immortel immortelle, immortal las lasse, tired bas basse, loiv gros grosse, large vif vive, lively actif active, active neuf neuve, new n e pas, not, no ne plus, not more, no more, no longer ne point, not at all, no ne jamais, not ever, never il n'aime pas, he does not like il n'aime point, he does not like at all ce n'est pas, this (it) is not ce ne sont pas, these (they) are not il n'y a pas, there is, (there are) not le corps, the body la chevre, the goat 1'ame (f.), the soul la brebis, the sheep 1'hyene (J.), the hyena si, so, if; aussi, also, as La brebis est un animal utile. La brebis n'est pas si vive que la chevre. Les chevres sont des animaux tres-vifs. Le corps est mortel, mais Tame est immortelle. L'hyene est cruelle; le tigre n'est pas si cruel que 1'hyejne. Ma cousine n'est pas active; elle fait peu de plaisir a ses parents. Cette pauvre femme est lasse. Ces animaux sont tres-gros. Yous avez la une grosse pomme. La maison du jardinier est tres- basse. Toutes les maisons de cette ville sont basses. Mon . chapeau est neuf. Cette corbeille n'est pas neuve. Je n'ai point de domestique: Jean est parti, et Henri n'est pas encore arrive'. Guillaume n'est plus chez moi. Mon pere n r a pas de domestiques. Ce n'est pas bien fait. Ce ne sont pas vos gants, ce sont les miens. Ce n'est pas votre chapeau, c'est celui de mon frere. II n'y a pas de fruit dans ce jardin. Mon oncle n'est pas si riche que mon voisin: il n'a pas tant de chevaux. 43 106. All men are mortal. These animals are very fierce. Are you tired, (my) children ? I am not yet tired, but my sister is very tired. My shoes are new, but my boots are not new. This child is very lively, but his sister is not so lively. Our servant is an idle man, but our maid-servant is very active. Our servants (f.) are not so active as yours. This letter is not well written: it is not so well written as thy sister's (that of thy sister). Thy cousin is very naughty; he has no friends. This is not my cousin, it is the friend of my cousin. Where are my stockings? They are not thine, they are my brother's (those of my brother). We have been at (chez) the gardener's; fre have never had more pleasure. My father is richer than ^ur neighbor; but he is not so rich as the banker. 107. Masculine. Feminine. beau, bel belle, beautiful, fine npuveau, nouvel nouvelle, new vieux, vieil vieille, old doux douce, sweet, gentle faux fausse, false, treacherous, insincere frais fraiche, fresh, new sec seche, dry blanc blanche, white long longue, long bel, nouvel, vieil are used instead of beau, nouveau, vieux, before a vowel or silent h. la fourchette, the fork 1'habit (in.), the coat,dress, garment la main, the hand un cheveu, a single hair Tencrierfm.;, theinkstand les cheveux (m.), the hair Voila un bon couteau et une bonne fourchette. Mes cou- teaux sont aussi bons que les votres, mais vos fourchettes sont meilleures que les miennes. Mon mouchoir est blanc; cette toile n'est pas si blanche. Mon gant est sec, mais votre cra- vate n'est pas encore seche. Ce jardin est long. Ma soeur a les cheveux tres-longs. Vos mains ne sont pas si longues que les miennes. Donnez-moi, s'il vous plait, du pain frais. Avez- vouz de Feau fraiche ? Voila un beau chateau. Ces chateaux sont tr6s-beaux. Vous avez la une belle fleur. Get homme est deja vieux. Sa femme est vieille aussi. Ce vin n'est pas 44 doux. Ces poires sont plus douces que ces pommes. J'ai re<ju un nouveau livre et une nouvelle plume. Le chat est faux, mais la brebis n'est pas fausse. Yoici un bel homtne. J'ai un nouvel encrier. Get homine a un vieux chapeau et un vieil habit. 108. My mother has bought a dozen knives and forks. The ham which you have received, is not fresh, but this mustard is fresh. Mr. Mably is very handsome; his sister is still more handsome; she has the most beautiful hair in (ol) the world. These lemons are dry, but these pears are still drier. Henry has given (to) my brother an apple which is very sweet. Our old servant (f.) is ill. Francis has received a new penknife and a new watch. My letter is not so long as thine. These girls are very gentle. Thy sisters are not so insincere as thy cousins C/J. 109. Singular. Plural. quel (m.), quelle (f.) quels (raj, quelles (f.), which, what le temps, the time, weather depuis, since, ago 1'heure (fj, the hour, time (of day) midi, mid-day, noon 1'age (m.), the age minuit, midnight le quart, the quarter quinze jours, a fortnight tard, late moins, less demi (m.), demie (fj, half midi et demi, half past twelve (mid-day) une heure et demie, halfimst one quelle heure est-il ? what o'clock is it ? tvhat time is it ? huit heures et quart, a quarter past eight onze heures moins vingt (minutes), twenty minutes to eleven cinq heures et dix (minutes), ten minutes after Jive il y a six mois, six months ago il y a un an, a year ago quel age avez vous? how old are you (tvhat age have you)? j'ai seize ans, / am sixteen years old (I have sixteen years). Quel livre as-tu perdu ? Quelle plume as-tu la? De quel iardinier as-tu .-ec,u ces pommes? A quelle pauvre femme as-tu 45 donnd ton pain ? A celle-ci. Chez quel marchand avez-vous achete cette belle toile ? Chez notre voisin. Dans quels livres avez-vous lu ? Dans ceux-ci. Quelle heure est-il ? II est six heures; il n'est pas encore tard. A quelle heure 6tes-vous arrives? Nous sommes arrives a neuf heures et quart; a onze heures moins un quart. Ma sreur est arrivee a midi; a midi et demi. Yotre oncle est parti depuis trois mois, et votre tante depuis six mois. Quel age a votre cousin ? II a seize ans, mais ma cousine n'a pas encore douze ans. Combien de temps avez-vous & a Philadelphie ? J'ai ete neuf mois a Phila- delphie, et quinze mois a Baltimore. Je suis arrive il n'y a pas encore quinze jours. J'ai vu votre frdre a Westpoint il y a trois semaines; il est grand et gros. 1 10. What knife hast thou found ? What flowers hast thou there ? On what table hast thou laid my penknife ? What shoe- maker has made thy shoes? At (chez) what bookseller's hast thou bought these pencils ? In what towns hast thou been ? To what merchants have you written? What time is it? It is one o'clock (one hour); it is not yet half-past one (one hour and a hall). Tell me, if you please, what o'clock it is. It is a quarter to eleven. At what hour did you arrive (are you ar- rived) ? At midnight. Where is your cousin? He has been (is) at St. Louis for (since) three months. How long were you (have you been) at Rochester? We were a fortnight at Ro- chester. How old are you ? I am twenty years old, and my brother sixteen (years). Your father is very old. 111. Indicative Mood, Imperfect Tense, Negatively. je n'etais pas, / was not je n'avais pas, / had not tu n'etais pas, thou wast not tu n'avais pas, thou hadst not il n'etait pas, he was not il n'avait pas, he had not nous n'etioiis pas, we ivere not nous n'avions pas, we had not vous n'etiez pas, you were not vous n'aviez pas, you had not ils n'e'taient pas, they were not ils n'avaient pas, they had not alte, gone revcnu, returned, sorti, gone out arrive', arrived parti, gone away, set out, de- rc^^remained, stayed, stayed parted, started behind 46 fl est sorti, he is gone out elle est sortie, she is gone out ils sont sortis, they are gone out (m.) elles sont sorties, they are gone out (f.) dormi, slept Vous dtiez sorti ee matin, lorsque je suis arrive*. Vous n'6tes pas venu a huit heures; il etait plus tard. Mon frere n'etait pas sorti, il n'avait pas encore fait ses themes. J'etais malade hier; je n'avais pas assez dormi. Ales sceurs n'etaient j)as allees avec moi ; elles n'avaient pas encore e'crit leurs lettres. Lorsque j'etais a Chicago, je n'avais pas tant d'amis qu'aujourd'hui; je n'dtais pas si content. Vous n'etiez pas si actif, vous n'aviez pas tant d'affaires. Mon cousin et moi, nous etions autrefois plus heureux qu'a present. Quelle heure dtait-il lorsque votre pere est parti ? II n'etait pas encore onze heures. Mes cousines n'e'taient pas encore sorties. J'ai envoy e la servante chez le cordonnier; je n'avais plus de souliers. Qucl age avait votre frere, lorsqu'il etait a Philadelphie ? II avait dix ans; dix ans et demi. 112. Have you slept well ? I have not slept well. You were not here yesterday. We were gone out. We had no more business. These gentlemen were not so rich formerly, and these ladies had not so many friends (f.). Thou wast not so contented formerly; thou hadst not so much pleasure as at present. At noon my brothers had (were) not yet arrived: my parents had not yet received any (de) letters. Have you been ill? We have not been ill; we did (are) not come, because we had not time. At what hour did they arrive (are they arrived) ? 113. je n'ai pas etd, I have not been, Iivas not tu n'as pas dte, thou hast not been il n'a pas ete', he has not been nous n'avons pas eld, we have not been vous n'avez pas die, you have not been ils n'ont pas dte, they have not been In the same manner conjugate: je n'avais pas ete\ i had not been. _ 47 personne ne, no one rien ne, nothing Personne n'a trouvd la bourse, No one has found the purse. .Je n'ai trouve personne, I have found no one. Rien n'est plus agreable, Nothing is more agreeable. Je n'ai rien perdu, / have lost nothing. depuis quand ? since when, how long ? Depuis quand est-il ici? How long has he been here (since when is he here)? Depuis quand sont-ils ici ? How long have they been here (since when are they here)? II y a longtemps que je suis ici. ) f ^ ^ her& a , ^ Je suis ici depuis longtemps. ) que, that le succes, the success J'ai etd ce matin chez mon oncle, ou j'ai trouvd monsieur Rougemont que je n'avais pas vu depuis trois ans. Vous n'avez pas ete hier dans le jardin de votre tante. 11 y a longtemps que je suis chez cette bonne fern me. Mes enfant s n'ont pas ete malades. Nous n'avons jamais ete dans cette ville. Mon frere n'a jamais ete plus content qu'aujourd'hui. Mon fils, tu n'as pas ete applique, tu n'as pas i'ait tes themes. Mes enfants, vous n'avez pas ete sages, vous avez mange tout mon fruit. Nous n'avons rien mange, nous n'avons pas e'te dans votre chambre. Personne n'a e'te' ici; personne n'a pris vos pommes. Rien n'est plus beau; vous n'avez rien pi-is, vous n'avez vu per- sonne, et mes pommes ne sont plus dans ma boite. Depuis quand 6tes-vous ici ? II n'y a pas longtemps que nous sommes ici. 114. Nobody is more unhappy than this young man. He is never contented, he has no friends, he loves no one. Hast thou seen my uncle ? He has not yet been at my father's. We have not been long in (at) Washington. You have not been fortunate in your business, you have not had much success. Your brothers have not been so unfortunate, they have sold much. Thou hast not been diligent, thou hast done nothing. I have done nothing because I am ill. How long hast thou been ill ? (Since when art thou ill ?) Since j r esterday. Thy sisters have not been idle, they have done everything. This poor child has eaten nothing. My brothers have written nothing. 48 Indicative Present, Interrogatively and Negatively. ne suis-je pas? am I not? n'ai-je pas? have I not? ife.s-tii pas? art thou not? n'as-tu pas? hast thou not? u'est-il pas? is he not? n'a-t-il pas? has he not? ne sommes-nous pas? are we n'avons-nous pas? have we not? not? n'etes-vous pas? are you not? n'avez-vouspas? haveyounot? ne sont-ils pas? are they not? n'ont-ils pas? have they not? In the same manner conjugate: n'etais-je pas? was I not 9 n'avais-je pas? had I not? n'ai-je pas ete ? have I not been f n'ai-je pas eu ? have I not had ? n'avais-je pas ete? had I not been? n'avais-je pas en? had I not had? Y a-t-il longtemps que vous Have you been here long? etes ici ? N'y a-t-il pas longtemps que Have not your sisters been vos soaurs sont ici ? here long? Ne suis-je pas tres-heureux ? N'ai-je pas beaucoup de plai- sir? N'es-tu pas content? N'as-tu pas assez? N'est-il pas en- core venu ? N'a-t-il pas ecrit ? N'est-elle pas aimable ? N'a-t-elle pas beaucoup de bonte's pour moi ? Ne sommes-nous pas ap- plique's? N'avons-nous pas fait beaucoup de themes? N'etes- vous pas les amis de mon cousin? N'avez-vous pas connu mon oncle? Yoila mes freres; ne sont-ils pas tres-las? N'ont-ils pas trouve' leurs amis? Yoila aussi mes soeurs; ne sont-elles pas tristes ? N'ont-elles pas perdu leurs livres ? N'etais-jc pas autrefois l'homme le plus heureux du mondc? N'avait-il pas toujours les plus beaux chiens ? N'etions-nous pas plus riches que nos voisins? N'avez-vous jamais et^ a San Francisco? N'aviez-vous pas encore vu cette ville ? N'ai-je pas dtd souvent dans cette maison? Depuis quand n'astu pas ete chez mon oncle? N'a-t-il jamais ete dans notre jarilin ? N'avez-vouspas etd mediants ? N'ont-ils pas ete' les premiers ? N'ont-elles pas ete' les dernieres ? N'avions-nous pas toujours e"te les D!US actifs ? Y a-t-il longtemps que ces dames sont ici ? 116. Have (am) I not come? Hast thou no bread? It is not yet time. Has he said nothing ? Have we no more pears ? Are you the servants (m.) of my uncle ? There arc mv children; 49 - have they not cried ? Wast thou Yiot here yesterday ? Had he not watered his flowers ? Were we never together ? Had you never seen these birds? There are your sisters; have they not been a long time in New York ? Hast thou not been to-day at the physician's ? Has he not had my penknife this morning? Have we not always been at your uncle's? Have you not yet eaten cherries ? Have you never been in this house ? Had you not lost your parents, when you were at London ? Have you not yet been to (at) Brooklyn? 117. Indicative Mood, Future Tense, je serai, / shall or ivill be tu seras, thou shalt or wilt be il sera, he shall or will be nous serons, we shall or will be vous serez, you shall or will be ils seront, they shall or will be j'aurai. / shall or will have tu auras, thou shalt or wilt have il aura, he shall or will have nous aurons, we shall or will have vous aurez, you shall or will have ils auront, they shall or will have demain, to-morrow raisonnable, reasonable Seras-tu aujourd'hui dans ton jardin ? Auras-tu des affaires ? Nous aurons beau temps. Yous n'aurez pas la visite de ces messieurs. A quelle heure serez- vous chez votre oncle ? Quel age a votre frere ? II aura dix ans dans peu de jours. Ou seront demain vos sceurs ? Elles ne seront pas encore a Wash- ington. Quand vous serez a Saratoga, vous aurez beaucoup de plaisir. - Si vos cousines sont parties, elles auront beau temps. Dans trois jours je serai chez mes parents. Nous serons contents, quand nous aurons rec,u cet argent. Ma soeur sera contente, quand elle aura fait son theme. Dites au domes- tique que je serai dans ma chambre. Tu auras cet oiseau, quand tu seras applique. N'aurai-je pas aussi ce beau canif que mon pere a achete' ? Yous aurez un chapeau neuf, et vos soeurs 50 auront une douzaine de mouchoirs. Ma cousine ne sera plus si triste, qiuind clle aura vu ses parents. Ces enfants auront e*t6 tres-sages. Ils auront cu beaucoup de plaisir. 118. I shall have some pears and apples to-morrow. I shall always be diligent. You shall have (sing.) some paper, ink, and pens, when you are (shall be) reasonable. My sister will nave three pairs of stockings, and two pairs of gloves. Shall we have some vinegar, flour, and cheese to-day? Will you always be as happy as you (it) are to-day ? Will you not often have a visit from your friends? When wilt thou receive (auras-tu) thy new boots? These children will be tired. Your sisters will not be so unhappy as I. The soldiers will have no more generals. Our gardener will have no more flowers; he will be very sad. 119. Conditional. je serais, / should or would be tu serais, thou shouldst or wouldst be il serait, lie should or would be nous serious, u-e should or would be vous seriez, you should or would be ils seraient, they should or loould be j'aurais, / should or would have tu aurais, thou shouldst or ivouldst have il aurait, he should or would have nous aurions, ive should or would have vous auriez, you should or would have ils auraient, they should or ivould have sij'avais, if I had sij'etais, if I were si j'avais eu, if I had had si j'avais dtd, if I had been II est alle" chez mon frere. He is gone to my brother's. Je serais plus heureux, si j'avais des livres et des amis. J'aurais plus de plaisir, si mes cousins ^taient ici. Tu ne serais pas si riche, si tu n'avais pas fait tant d'affaires. Charles n'aurait pas trouve son pere, s'il dtait arrive' un peu plus tard. Louise ne serait pas si triste, si elle avait ces belles fleurs-ci. 51 Nous ne seriong pas encore yenus, si nous n'avions pas rec,u une lettre de notre pere. Beaucoup d'hornmes seraient plus heureux, s'ils dtaient plus actifs. Ces fillcs nc seraient pas si me'chantes, si elles n'avaient pas perdu leur mere. Si tu avais eu des amis, tu aurais etc plus content. S'il avait eu de 1'ar- gent, il aurait achete ces couteaux. Si je n' avais pas e'te chez le mddecin, je serais tres-malade. Si vous aviez e'te plus sage, vous n'auriez pas ete malheureux. Si je n'avais trouvd per- sonne, je serais alle chez mon oncle. Si nous n'avions rien fait, nous aurions e'te tres-paresseux. Mon pere a dit quo nous aurions demain un autre domestique. Ma mere a dent qu'elle serait dans deux jours a Boston si le temps etait beau. 120. Wouldst thou be contented if thou hadst all these flowers ? Godfrey would not have bought that dog, if he had not received some money. Matilda would not have (be) departed, if she had been ill. If we had not so many friends, we should have little pleasure. "Would you not have been very naughty if you had taken these knives? These parents would not be so happy if their children were, not so diligent and modest. No one would have been richer than our neighbor, if he had not had so much ill fortune (maUieurs). These (this) people would not be so unhappy if they (il) had more money. We should have (be) gone to our aunt's if the weather had been fine. This shoemaker would not be so poor if he were not so idle. My cousins would not have been so sad if they had received the letters from their father. 121. Votrc frere est-il malade ? 7s your brother ill? Sa soeur n'est-elle pas venue ? Has (is) not his sister come? Vos soeurs sont-ellcs arrivdes ? Have (are) your sisters arrived? Ces enfants ont-ils ete sages? Have these children been good? Co chien est-il fidele ? Get dcu n'est-il pas faux ? Monsieur Sicard n'est-il pas encore arrive? Vos enfants sont-ils malades? J3ettc chemise n'est-elle pas tres-blanche ? Yotre voisin a-t-il requ den lettres de son fils ? La camp_agne n'est-elle pas plus 52 agreeable que la ville ? Louise n'a-t-elle pas 6te* plus applique*e que Josephine? Votre tante n'avait-elle pas autrefois un graud commerce ? Votre oucle n'etait-il pas le plus riche libraire de lavillc? Ce marchand nc veud-il pas aussi de la toile ? Ces arbres-ci ne sont-ils pas plus hauts que ceux-lu ? Ces maisous- la nc sont elles pas plus belles que celles-ci? Votre cousin n'aura-t-il pas des bottes neuves ? Ta cousine ne sera-t-elle pas tres-triste, quand sa mere sera partie ? Depuis quand votre fils est-il a Albany ? Votre soeur a-t-elle bien dormi cette nuit ? Cette chambre ne sera-t-elle pas trop petite ? Ces bas seront-ils assez longs ? Ces chaises ne seront-elles pas un peu basses? Ces messieurs ne seraient-ils pas tres-riches, s'ils avaient toujours ete aussi actifs qu'a present? Marie sera toujours sage et appliquee. 122. Is this child ill? Is this exercise difficult? Is not the moon smaller than the sun? Are not these flowers more beautiful than mine ? Has your neighbor sold his house ? Do these meadows belong to the neighbor of our aunt ? Was your cousin at Baltimore yesterday ? Were not these children always more diligent than ours ? Has Charles been at the shoemaker's ? Has the shoemaker made a pair of shoes for Henry ? Have not these girls been very diligent ? How long is it since your ser- vant went out? (since when is your servant gone out?) Will these gentlemen always be the first? Would these ladies always be the first ? Would not these ladies have been very sad if they had lost their children ? Shall we have a lesson to-day ? Has John found his book ? 123. parler, to speak, talk; parle, spoken Indicative Present. je parle, / speak parle-je? am I speaking? tu paries, thou speakest parles-tu ? art thou speaking? il parle, he speaks parle-t-il? is he speaking? nous parlons, ice speak parlons-nous ? are we, speaking? vous parlez, you speak parlez-vous ? are you speaking? ils parlent, they speak parlent-ils ? are they speaking? 53 - je ne parle pas, I am not speaking ne parle"-je pas ? am I not speaking? chereher, to seek, look for penser, to think aimer, to love, like que ? what ? Ic bien, the good, that which is right In English, the Present Tense may be expressed in three different ways; namely, I speak, I am speaking, I do speak; in French, there is only one form for the Present Tense ; as: je parle. Quo cherchez-vous ? Moi, je cherche ma plume, et mon fr6ro cherche son craj'on. Nous cherchons notre chien. Ces enfants cherchent leurs livres. Que pensez-vous do ma soaur ? Je pense qu'elle est tres-malade. Avez-vous pense a mon canif ? Tu pcns^s que nous avons perdu tout notre argent. Nous pensons tous Ics jours a nos amis. Vous no pensez jamais a vos affaires. Les riches ne pensent pas aux malhcurs des pauvres. J'aime ton frere. Aimes-tu aussi mon cousin ? Ma mere aime Charles etGodefroi; elle parle toujours de Mathilde et de Louise. Dieu aime les hommes qui font le bien. Nous aimons les enfants du medecin; nous parlous souvent du plaisir que nous avons eu dans leur jardin. Vous n'aimez pas les fleurs, vous ne parlez jamais de votre jardin. Les bons enfants aiment leurs parents. Ces meres sont heureuses; elles parlent avec plaisir de leurs enfants. 124. I am always thinking of (to) my sister. If thou lovest thy parents, thou wilt be happy. Thy cousin is looking for her bonnet. Our gardener is always speaking of his son. I do not love (the) naughty children. We are not speaking of these girls, but of those. I have never spoken. Have I not spoken well ? Thou speakest too much, my friend. Sensible men usually speak little, but they think much. Hast thou thought of my books ? I did not think (have not thought) that thou wouldst be here. What art thou looking for? I am looking for my watch. No one has taken thy watch, it is on the table. Do you like (the) coffee ? We do not like (the) coffee, but we like (the) chocolate. My cousins (f. ) like (the) coffee and (the) milk. 54 Indicative Imperfect. parlais, / spoke, ivas speaking, used to speak tu parlais, thou spokest, wast speaking, etc. il parlait, he spoke, icon sneaking, etc. nous parlioiis, u-c spoke, were speaking, etc. vous parliez, you spoke, were speaking, etc. ils parlaieiit, they spoke, icere speaking, etc. parlais-je? was I speaking? je ne parlais pas, / was not speaking ne parlais-je pas ? ivas I not speaking? quand, when intelligent, intelligent In English, the Imperfect Tense may be expressed in four different ways; as: I spoke, I was speaking, I used to speak, I did speak. n Frouch, there is only cue form for the Imperfect Tense; as: je parlais. Autrefois j'aimais lo jcu, mais a present j'aime les livres. Tu n'aimais pas les fleurs, tu parlais toujours de tes chiens et de tes chats. Ton cousin cherchait encore son chapeau, lorsque nous sorames partis. Isous parlions souvent a votre oncle, lorsque vous e"tiez a Boston. Mcs fils n'aimaient pas les affaires; ils e"taient toujours paresseux. Si vous ne parliez pas si souvent, vous seriez plus airaables. Notre voisin serait tres-riche, s'il aimait plus le travail. Ces demoiselles seraient plus contentes, si elles ne cherchaient pas le bonheur dans les plaisirs du monde. Si je n'aimais pas mes parents, je serais tres-inechant. Henri et moi, nous n'aimions pas les faux amis; nous cherchions toujours ceux qui dtaient fiddles. Louise ct Marie pensaient toujours au jeu; clles ne parlaicnt jauiais do livres. Si j'avais vu mon canif ici, je n'aurais pas cherche* si longtemps. 120. I formerly liked this young man: he was always so modest and so intelligei/t; he spoke little, but very well; and he always sought friends who liked books more than wine. We were often together, we never thought of play. What were you looking for yesterday, when I was talking with my father? I was looking for my hat, which I had lost. I should not have looked 55 so long (si longtemps), if thy brother had (was) not come. Thy mother and mine are talking together. The cat has taken the meat. The merchant whom you were looking for to-day, has been here. Who is the young man that was speaking with my father this morning ? He is a bookseller who wa formerly very rich; but he liked pleasure and wine too much; he is now very poor. 127. Indicative Future. je parlerai, / shall or will speak tu parleras, thou sha.lt or wilt speak il parlera, he shall or will speak nous parleroiis, ice shall or will speak vous parlerez, you shall or will speak ils parleroiit, they shall or will speak Conditional. je parlerais, / should or would speak tu parlerais. thou shouldst, etc. il parlerait, he should, etc. nous parlerions, we, should, etc. vous parleriez, you should, etc. ils parleraieiit, they should, etc. laborieux (mj, laborieuse f/J, industrious Je parlerai aujourd'hui a monsieur Brown, qui est arrive* avec sa soeur. Penserez-vous a mes affaires ? Je penserai a vos atfaires et aux miennes. Ne chercherez-vous pas le canif quo vous avez perdu hier? Nous chercherons plus tard en- semble. Tu no penseras plus a moi, quand tu seras a Rich- mond. Ce jeune homme est tres-laborieux : il a beaucoup d'argerit. Ces messieurs penseront plus souvent a leurs plaisirs qu'a leurs affaires. Si je parlais aussi bien que vous, je parle- rais plus souvent. Si tu avals des livres utiles, tu nepenserais plusau jeu. Mon pere n'aimerait pas ce jeune hornme, s'il n'e"tait pns si modeste. Nos cousins sont alles chercher leurs amis; nous chercherions aussi les notres, s'ils n'etaient pas partis. Vous penseriez plus souvent a vos livres, si vous etiez plus applique's. Ces jeunes demoiselles n'aimeraient pas tant leg plaisirs. si elles avaient moins d'amies. 56 128. Wilt thou speak to thy cousin to-day? I will not speak to my cousin to-day. Thou wilt look for thy brother a long time; he is not here. Will he think also of my books? We shall often speak of this town. You will love these pleasures no more. These children will look for their mother. I should speak to the physician if I were ill. Thou wouldst not like this dog if he were not so faithful. Our servant (f.) would think of everything if she were not so idle. We would not seek another servant if Louisa were industrious. If you had put your boots on the table, you would not have looked for them so long (looked so long). These gentlemen would not love pleasure so much, if they had less money. 129. chanter, to sing louer, to praise jouer, to play oublier, to forget blarner, to blame travailler, to ivork dcouter, to listen, listen to la chanson, the song la guitare, the guitar le violon, the violin le maitre, the master la flute, the flute le cahier, the copy-book appris, learnt pendant, during, for le soir, the evening Mon frere joue du violon et de My brother plays on (of) the la flute. violin and on (of) the flute. Votre frere a chante' une belle chanson, il chante tres-bien. Chantez-vous aussi? Je ne chante pas; mais mes freres chan- tent tous. Vous avez oubli mon cahier; vous oubliez tout. Voila mes sceurs; elles jouent avec leurs amies. Plus tard nous jouerons aussi. Ces cnfants ont jou<5 hier ensemble. Le niaitrc a beaucoup blame* Emilie; il a dit qu'elle ne travaillait pas, qu'elle jouait toujours ct qu'elle oubliait tout. Les enfunts sages e*coutcnt Icur maitre. Si vous ne travaillcz pas, vous sercz toujours pauvrcs. Adolphe n'a pas appris sa leqon; il est paresseux. Le maitre blame les enfants paresscux, mais il lone ceux qui sont applique's. Nous ne lotions pas votre ?o?ur. parce qu'elle est tres-me'chante. Votre frere joue-t-il du violon ? Mon frere joue du violon, et mes cousins jouent de la flute. 57 Travaillerez-vous ce soir? Nous ne travaillerons pas ce soir. Chanteras-tu aujourd'hui? Mes soeurs ehanteront. Autrefois je chantais plus souvent, mais je ne travaillais pas. 130. Who has sung this beautiful song ? It is my sister who has sung this song. We have listened with pleasure. Docs your sister sing? She (has) learned singing (a chanter) for six months. Do you play (of) the violin ? My brother plays the violin; but my sister and I (we) play the guitar. Do your brothers also sing? My brothers sang formerly very well, but now they no longer sing. The teacher blamed thy cousin Charles yesterday, but he praised thy cousin Mary. Has thy brother worked to-day ? He has worked tEis morning, and he will work again this evening. We would not work so long, if we had not so much business. Hast thou forgotten my penknife? I have forgotten nothing; there is also thy copy-book and (thy) pen. Thy brother forgets everything, he will forget his exercises. 131. donner, to give preter, to lend porter, to carry, wear pleurer, to weep couter, to cost. demeurer, to live, dwell trouver, to find, meet with, like le drap, the cloth noir, black le tailleur, the tailor excellent, excellent pourquoi? why? comment, how Combien ce drap coute-t-il? j _ Combien coute ce drap ? { How much doe8 thls cloth cosi? Je ne cherche pas mon cahier. Tu ne donnes rien an.x pauvres. Cet enfant pleure, il n'a pas de pain. Nous trou- vons toujours des amis, quand nous sommes riches. Vous por- tez toujours des habits noirs. Combien coute le drap de votre habit? Ou avez-vous achete ce beau canif? Comment trouvez- v6us ce vin ? Je trouve quo ce vin est excellent. Pourquoi pleurez-vous ? Nous ne pleurons pas. Ou portez-vous ce drap? Nous portons ce drap chez le tailleur. Ou demenrez-vous ? Je demeure chez mon oncle. Messieurs Barton ne demeurent plua 58 ici. Je pr6terai raon livre a votre frere, s'il a perdu le sien. Vous ne trouverez jamais le temps long, si vous aiinez le travail. Ces enfants plcureront bcaucoup, quand leur mere sera partie. 132. What did (have) these cups cost? What tailor has made this garment? Where does he live? Why do you not work? Who has found this knife? Of (chez) whom did you buy (have you bought) this cloth ? Why didst thou weep yes- terday ? How did he like this wine ? How many trees wilt thou give to the gardener ? To whom will you lend this book ? Have those gentlemen lived long here? (See Ex. 115.) Does thy sister always wear black stockings? How long did you wear (have you worn) that large hat? WouWst thou give thy violin for this flute ? Did this guitar cost twenty francs ? Will thy brother carry all these books? Is this fruit good? How much will this house cost? 133. finir, to finish; fini, finished Indicative Present. je finis, I finish, do finish, am nous finissons, we finish, do finishing finish, are finishing tu finis, thou finishest, etc. vous fmissez, you finish, etc. il finit, fie finishes, etc. ils finissent, they finish, etc. punir, to punish obdir, to obey salir, to soil, dirty choisir, to choose batir, to build remplir, to fill, fulfil, do le devoir, the duty le ruban, the ribbon, Get enfant obdit a sa mere. This child obeys (to) his mother. J'obdis a mes parents. Tu choisis les meilleurs fruits. Mon voisin batit trois maisons. Nous remplissons nos devoirs avec plaisir. Pourquoi ne punissez-vous pas vos enfants, quand ils sont me'chants? Ces messieurs ne remplisscnt pas leurs verres. Je ne punis jamais ce jeune homme, parce qu'il est toujours bon. Vous avez bien choisi; ce ruban-ci est le plus beau. N'avez-vous pas encore fini ? Ces messieurs ne finissent jamais. Si vous ne finissez pas, je parlerai a votre pere. Qui a rempli ces deux verres ? Pour qui sont les cadeaux que vous . 59 - choisissez ? Pourquoi ne batissez-vous pas ? Nous ne batissons pas, parce que nous n'avons point d'argent. Yos soeurs ne sont pas sages; clles salissent toujours leurs habits. 134. I have not yet finished my exercise. Hast thou already finished thine ? We are finishing ours now. Why do you not also finish yours? My sons always finish their exercises. The teacher punishes those who do not obey. We always obey (to) our teacher. You are very sensible; you do your duty. Who has soiled this copy-book? Henry; he soils every thing. We never soil our copy-books. Which copy-book hast thou chosen ? I have not yet chosen. I choose this, and my sister chooses that. You are too long choosing. Who is build- ing this house? It is the bookseller who is building this house. People are building (On bdtit) much in this city. Is this bottle filled? You do not fill the bottles well. There is too little water in this bottle. 135. Indicative Imperfect. je finissais, / finished, icas finishing, used to finish tu finissais, thou finishedst, wast finishing, etc. il finissait, he finished, was finishing, etc. nous (missions, loe finished, tvere finishing, etc. vous finissiez, you finished, were finishing, etc. ils finissaient, they finished, were finishing, etc. Charles dtait autrefois tr&s-heureux: il chantait toujours, il jouait avec ses amis, mais il aimait aussi le travail. Nous e'tions souvent ensemble. Nous finissions toujours les premiers nos themes. Le maitre etait toujours content, et il ne punissait jamais. Nous obdissions a nos parents, et nous dcoutions nos maitres. Jean choisissait les meilleurs livres, et Louise cher- chait les plus beaux fruits. Yous parliez souvent de vos amis, et vous ne salissiez jamais vos habits. Nos freres aimaient les affaires plus que les plaisirs, et ils punissaient ceux qui ne tra- vaillaient pas. Autrefois, quand nous aimions beaucoup les cerises, votre mere remplissait toujours nos corbeilles. Nous portions une partie de nos fruits aux enfants du pauvre menui- sier qui dcmcurait dans la maison de notre voisiu. 60 130. If you obeyed (to) your parents you would be happier. You would be very diligent if you finished (finissiez) your exer- cises to-day. If we soiled our dresses, our mother would blame the servants (f.). These gentlemen would find more pleasure if they fulfilled their duties. It would be (on aurait) wrong to (of) build now. It would be right to (of) choose these rib- bons. My brother would be very idle if he did not finish his exercises to-day. You would be very diligent if you filled these bottles. If we do not obey (to) our teachers, we shall be very naughty. lie would be right if he punished thy brother who is generally so idle. 137. Indicative Future. je finirai, / shall or will finish tu finiras, tliou slialt or wilt finish il finira, he shall or will finish nous finirons, we shall or will finish vous finirez, you shall or will finish ils finirOHt, they shall or will finish Conditional. je finirais, I should or would finish tu finirais, thou shouldst or wouldst finish il finirait, he should or would finish nous finirioiis, we should or would finish vous finiriez, you should or would finish ils finiraieiit, they should or would finish la salle, the room si ne, if not, unless Quand finirez-vous votre theme ? Je finirai tout a 1'heure. Tu saliras ton habit, si tu portes cette corbeille. Dieu punira les me'chants. Nous aurons aujourd'hui des rubans, nous choisi- rons les plus beaux. Les cnfants sages obe"iront toujours a leurs parents. Si raon frere etait ici, je finirais mon theme. Si j'avais de 1'argent, je hatirnis nno sallc. Si jc batissais, mon voisin batirait aussi. Nous ne remplirions plus nos verrcs, si le vin n'e'tait pas si bon. Si vous portiez cette huile, vous saliriez vos gants. Je n'aimerais^pas ce jeune homme s'il 61 n'obeissait pas a ses parents et a son maitre. Mes soeurs ne choisiraient pas ces chapeaux, si elles ne trouvaient quo ce sont les meilleurs. Nous aurions choisi ces bas-ci, s'ils etaient im peu plus longs. Vous auriez fini votre theme, si vous aviez toujours travaille. 138. I will fill thy glass; thou hast not yet drunk. There i? also cheese and bread. I will give this slice of ham to your little Francis. We shall finish our letter this evening. Henry will soil his clothes if he carries this tree. We will always obey (to) our parents. You will not punish this young man, because he has done nothing. Will you also build? I have built enough: I will not build (any) more. You would finish to-day if you were more diligent. We would fill our glasses if we had not drunk enough. You would obey (to) your brother if you were more sensible. My neighbors would build if they had more money. 139. vendre, to sell; vendu, sold Indicative Present, je vends, / sell, am selling tu vends, thou sellest, art selling il vend, he sell?, is selling nous vendons, we sell, are selling vous vendez, you sell, are selling ils vendent, they sell, are selling le prix, the price vert, green la coulenr, the color a la mode, in the fashion, en, of it fashionable fin (m.), fine (f.), fine gros (m.), grosse (f.), coarse la qualite, the quality Combien vend-il ce drap At how much does he sell this cloth I'aune ? an ell (this cloth the ell) ? II le vend vingt francs He sells it at twenty francs an 1'aune. ell (twenty francs the ell). Votre oncle vend sa maison. Mon oncle ne vend pas sa maison, mais il vend son jardin. Combien vendez-vous ce 62 drap noir 1'aune ? Je vends ce drap quatorze francs Vaune. C'est tres-cher. Je trouve que c'est tres-cher. Yoila un drap vert qui cst aussi beau que celui-la, ct qui ne coute pas autant. Ce drap est tres-fin, et la couleur en est belle. Combien dites- vous que ce drap-ci coute? Quel est le dernier prix de ce drap ? Nous vendons ce drap dix francs ct dcmi Faune. Yous vendez tres-cher. Les autres marchands de la ville ne vcndent pas si cher que vous. Ce drap est d'une tres-bonne qualite; vous trouverez qu'il n'est pas trop cher. Nous en vendons beaucoup de cette qualite'; ce matin nous en avons vendu vingt aunes. Tons ccux qui ont achete de ce drap en ont e"te tres-contents. Comment trouves-tu ce drap, Henri? Je trouve que ce drap vert est plus gros que ce drap noir. Si c'etait pour moi, je choisirais celui-ci. Tu as raison. Le tailleur a dit aussi que le vert n'etait plus a la mode. 140. Where are these beautiful pencils sold? (Where do people sell, etc. ?) Do you sell penknives? I sell nothing. Thy brother is selling all his birds. We are also selling ours. You are selling everything. Are your sisters also selling their books? My brother is not selling his horse, but he is selling his dog. How much do these gloves cost ? These gloves and stockings together cost six francs and a half. That is not dear. Where did you buy (have you bought) this hat? Does your neighbor also sell cloth? Do you not find that he sells too dear? He does not sell his cloth dear: he sells the green cloth at ten francs an ell. This cloth is fine, but that is coarse. This is good, but the color is not fashionable. 141. rendre, to give back, restore attendre, to wait descendre, to descend, come down perdre, to lose repondre, to answer, reply battre, to beat la porte, the door doucement, softly, gently, slowly le moment, the moment venez, come; allez, go, are going tout, quite vite, promptement, quickly 63 Je perda mon temps. Je n'attends pas plus longtemps. Pourquoi ne reponds-tu pas ? Votre fr6re ne descend-il pas ? Mon frere et ma soeur descendent en ce moment. A qui esi ce livre? Pourquoi ne rendez-vous pas ce livre? Vous battez toujours mcs sceurs; elles ont beaucoup pleure. Ces enfants perdcnl leurs plumes a tout moment. Ou allez-vous si vite? Attendez un moment; n'allez pas si vite; allez tout doucement. Venez, il est deja tard: nous n'attendons pas; nous perdons trop de temps. Venez ici, mes cousins attendent a la porte. Nous avons attendu plus d'une (than an) heure. Que fait votre frere? II joue. Combien perdez-vous aujourd'hui? 142. What are you looking for ? Have you lost your pen- knife? You lose everything. We arc looking for nothing; we have lost nothing; it is our cousin who loses everything. He is beating (bat) all the children. When I (shall) come down I will speak to my cousin (m. ). Where are you going now ? You are not going too quickly, you are going quite slowly. Come with me. Wait a little, I am looking for my hat. Why do you beat this child ? He has done nothing. You do not answer; you are very naughty. Give me back my pen, cr give me yours. W T hy do you not wait? We are waiting; my sisters are also waiting. These children never answer; they are always losing their hate. 143. Indicative Imperfect. je vcndais, / sold, loas selling, used to sell tu vendais, thou soldest, toast selling etc. il vendait, he sold, was selling etc. nous vendioiis, ive sold, were selling etc. vous vendiez, you sold, were selling etc. ils vendaient, they sold, were selling etc. Pourquoi n'attendais-tu pas ? J'avais oublie ma montre. Nous descendions souvent cette montagne, quand nous demeu rions chez notre oncle. Autrefois vous aimiez beaucoup le jeu, vous perdiez souvent tout votre argent. II est vrai, je perdais trop, j'e'tais tres-malheureux. Je trouvais toujours le temps long; je n'avais pas assez d'affaires. Depuis que je suis ici, je 64 ne pense plus au jeu. Yotre frere airne le commerce; il 6tait co matin a la porte de notre maison, et il vendait son petit chien au tils du libraire. 11 a bien fait; tous les uiifants bat- taient ce pauvre animal. Pourquoi nc repondie/-vous pas, lorsque mon perc etait ici ? Je ne repondais pas, parce que j'etais trop triste. Mes freres descendaient lorsquc vous parliez avec mon oncle. 144. Why did you not wait? We did not wait because we had no more time. Your cousin answers very well; he is an industrious young man. My brothers did not answer so well; they did not like work enough. Why did you beat this child ? I beat this child because he was very naughty. Why were you coming down so quickly ? The general had come. We should lose our money if we waited longer. If you gave back these flowers to your cousin, he would be very pleased. Your sisters would be very sad if you did not reply. 145. Indicative Future. je vendrai, / shall or will sett tu vendras, thou shalt or wilt sell il vendra, he shall or will sell nous vendrons, we shall or will sell vous vendrez, you shall or ivill sell ils vendroiit, they shall or will sell Conditional. je vendrais, I should or would sell tu vendrais, thou shouldst or wouldst sell il vendrait, he should or would sell nous vendrions, ive should or would sell vous vendriez, you should or ivould sell ils vendraient, they should or would sell retourner, to return, go back bientot, soon As-tu deja r^pondu a la lettre de ton cousin ? Je re'pondrai ce soir a sa lettre. Vendrez-vous votre cheval ? Je ne vendrai pas mon cheval, mais mon frere vendra le sien. Descendrez- nms bientot ? Nous ne desccndrons pas encore. Vos sceurs descend ront-elles? Elles attendront encore un pon. Je n'atten- (55 drai pas plus longteraps. Nous attendrions encore un inonieni. si notre frere etait ici. Vous .perdricz beaucoup, si vous ven- diez votre inaison. Si je vendais nion chcvtil, je vendrais aussi inon chien. Si cc jcime homme etait plus sage, il ne battrait pas son domestique. Si nos cousins n'etaient pas malades, ils repondraient a notre lettrc. Je rctournerai tout a 1'heure. 14(t. When will you answer (reply to) the letter of your brother? I have already answered his last letter; he has already received two of my letters. He will answer in three days. We shall lose our friend Henry: he is very ill. This is a great misfortune for his sister. You will wait for your father: he has not yet come. Wait a moment, we will go back together. We would wait with pleasure, if we had time. You would lose your time, if you waited longer. These gentlemen would not sell their horses, if they had not lost their money. 147. lever, to lift, raise Indicative Present. je leve, / raise nous levons, ive, raise tu leves, thou raisest vous levez, you raise il leve, lie raises ils levent, they raise Imperfect, je levais, / was raising Future. je leverai, / shall raise Conditional, je leverais, / should raise e'lever, to bring up, educate achever, to complete, end mener, to guide, lead, bring acheter, to buy appeler, to call, name Indicative Present. j'appelle, I call nous appelons, we call f u appelles, thou callest vous appelez, you call il appelle, he calls ils appellent, they call Imperfect, j'appelais, I was calling Future. j'appellerai, I shall call Conditional, j'appellerais, I should call jeter, to throiu, throw away je jette, / throw je jetais, I was throwing je jetterai, I shall throw je jetterais, 7 should throw la robe, the gown, dress la pierre, the stone la plante, the plant lourd (m.), lourde (f.), heavy 10 cheinin, the ivay, road faites, make, do 1'ecole (f. ), the school 1'eglise (f.), the church eleve', educated leve, lifted, raised Ou achetez-vous vos robes ? J'ache'te mes robes chez mon- sieur Henri, et ma soaur achdte les siennes chez notre voisin. Ma mere achetora aujourd'hui une paire de gants pour ma soeur. Nous acheterions ces plantes, si elles n'etaicnt pas trop cheres. Que faites- vous ? J'achSve mon theme. Nous ache- verons le notre ce soir. Quand acheverez-vous ce theme ? Appelle ton frere. Ou est-il ? Ou menez-vous cet enfant ? Je mene cet enfant a 1'ecole. Ce chomin meno a 1'eglise. Cet enfant est tres-bien eleve. Cc jeune homme est tres-applique': 11 mene unc vie tres-active. Yous ne leverez pas cette pierre; elle est tres-lourde. Votre tante dldve bien ses erifants. Ma m^re est malade; nous appellerons le medecin. Comment ap- pellc-t-on cette plante? Jetez cette plume; elle n'est pas bonne. Je jetterai cette lettre au feu; elle n'est pas bien dcrite. 148, Why did you not complete (have you not completed) your exercises ? I shall complete my exercises to-morrow. Have you called the servant (m.)t The servant has gone out; I will call the maid-servant. You are a naughty boy (you are naughty), you are always throwing stones into our garden. I will take my sisters this evening to my uncle's. * These gentle- men would lead a botter life if they were more diligent. I have lifted this stone, it is not heavy. My brother will not Hit this stone. These mothers bring up their children very well; they are well educated children. Your father will buy my uncle's garden. Who has thrown this stone into my room? 149. pre'fe'rer, to prefer. Indicative Present. je preTere, I prefer nous preTdrons, we prefer tu preTeres, thou preferrest vous preferez, you prefer il preTere, he prefers ils preTerent, they prefer 67 Imperfect, je prdfdrais, I was preferring, I preferred Future. je prefererai, I shall prefer Conditional, je prdfererais, I should prefer espdrer, to hope moddrer, to moderate posseder, to possess odder, to cede, to give, to yield exagdrer, to exaggerate rdgler, to rule, to settle cdldbrer, to celebrate la colere, anger la fete, the feast, birth-day la passion, the love, affection chaque amide, each, every year le defaut, the defect, fault ce qui, ce que, that which, which, la fortune, the fortune what la place, the place 1'dcolier, the scholar J'espere que tu trouveras ton livre. Nous espdrons que nos parents arriveront bientot. Ma sceur espere que tu n'ou- blieras pas son cahier. Ma fortune n'est pas tr6s-grande. Les hommes esperent toujours. Nous cdlebrerons demain la fete de notre pere. Ces dcoliers cdlebrent chaque annde la f6te de leur maitre. Je prdfere mes livres & ceux de mon cousin. Ma mere prdfere le the au cafe. Nous prefdrons ce violon a cette flute. Mon oncle possede beaucoup de jardins et de prairies. Nous possddons une tres-belle maison. Tout ce que je possede, est a vous. Je rdglerai mes affaires et les votres. Moddrez votre co!6re. Celui qui modere ses passions est heu- reux. Je cdderai ma place a ce monsieur. C'est un homme qui exagdre tout. Vous exagerez les defauts de cet enfant. loO. Have you celebrated the birth-day of your aunt to-day? We celebrate her birth-day every year. I hope that we shall yet celebrate this day. We hope that my brother will be good. I prefer my boots to yours. Do you prefer these apples to those pears ? We shall always prefer our duties to all pleasures. You exaggerate every thing. We exaggerate nothing. I will give my dog to my brother. If you do not moderate your anger, you will be unhappy. This man was formerly very rich; he possessed many houses and much land (terres). Now he is poor; he possesses nothing. You formerly possessed nothing, and now you possess a large fortune. employer, to employ, spend Indicative Present. j'cmploie, I employ nous employ ons, we employ tu emploies, thou employest vous employ ez, yon employ il emploie, he employs ils emploient, they employ Imperfect j'employais, / was employing, I employed Future. j'emploierai, I shall employ Conditional, j'emploierais, 1 should employ envoy er, to send payer, to pay, pay for nettoyer, to clean essayer, to try aboyer, to bark essuyer, to ivipe, dry up effrayer, to frighten. 1'amitie' (fj, friendship propre, proper, clean, neat 1'humeur, (f~) t temper mordre, to bite la dent, the tooth la jeunesse, youth lalarme, the tear la faute, the fault, mistake mauvais, mauvaise, bad volontiers, willingly For the sake of euphony, son is used instead of sa before a vowel or silent h, as : son amitie for sa amifie, son humeur for sa humeur. Employez bien votre temps. Celui qui emploie bien son temps, est tres-sage. La mauvaise humeur de mon frere m'effraie. Je paie tout ce que j'achete. Nous pay ons sou vent bien cher les fautes que nous avonsfaites. Nous cnvoyons notre domestique chez votre cousin. Mon pdre paiera tout ce que nous avons re9u. Si vous ne payez pas mon cousin, vous per- drez son amitie'. Nous paieri ons volontiers votre cousin, si nous avions rec.ii de 1'argent. Mon pere a perdu ses dents dans sa jeunesse. Ma chambre n'est pas propre; vous ne nettoyezja- mais ma chambre. Mon frere nettoie toujours ses habits. Pourquoi ce chien aboie-t-il? Les chiens qui aboient, ne mor- dent pas. Le chien de notre voisin amordumon frere. Essayez cette plume; elle est tres-bonne. ^"ous n'avez pas essuyd vos mains. J'essuierai ines mains a mon mouchoir. Essuyez vos larmes, ne pleurez plus. Vous avez effrayd ces enfants. Mon frere effraie toujours les enfants. 69 L52. If you do not employ the time of your youth well, you will not be happy. My sister employs her money well. How do you spend the greater part of your time? This dog barks the whole night. A dog which barks, does not generally bite. Clean your shoes. You have not yet cleaned your teeth. I am sending three francs to this poor family. You send nothing to your brother. We are sending a basket of fruit to-day to our sister. Have you paid the gardener? We will pay the gardener to-morrow. Caroline has cried; she is drying up her tears. My pen is not good; I will try yours. The table is not clean; you never wipe the table. I was much (tres) frightened be- cause I had lost my book. We have paid for the cloth which we have received from the tailor. 153 placer, to put, place, lay Indicative Present. je place, I place nous pla^ons, we place tu places, thou placest vous placez, you place il place, he places ils placent, they place Imperfect, je pla<jais, / was placing, I placed Future. je placer ai, / shall or will place Conditional, je placerais, I should or would place commencer, to begin rincer, to rinse effacer, to efface, strike out prononcer, to pronounce avancer, to advance manger, to eat Indicative Present. je mange, I eat nous mangeons, we eat tu manges, thou eatest vous mangez, you eat \\ mange, he eats ils mangent, they eat Imperfect, je mangeais, / was eating Future. je mangerai, / shall or loill eat Conditional, je mangerais, I should or would eat corriger, to correct changer, to change, alter partager, to share, divide protdger, to protect 70 1'innocence (f,), innocence le latin, Latin la ligne, the line autrement, othenvise, differently le mot, the word micux, better 1'etude (f.), the study outre, between, among 1'anglais, English le bien, property, estate, fortune le franqais, French 1'appetit, (m.) the appetite Vous ne prononcez pas bien ce mot. Nous pronongons le franc, a is micux que vous. Mon cousin prononqait tres-bien 1'anglais. Effacez cctte ligne. Prononcez ces mots autrement. L'etude du latin est tres-agreable. Nous placons nos livres sur cette table. Pourquoi avez-vous efface cette ligne ? Nous n'effac,ons jamais un mot. Vous n'avancez pas dans vos e'tudes. Autrefois j'avangais beaucoup plus. Nous avanc/ms tons les jours. Vous n'avez pas encore corrigd les fautes de votre theme. Nous ne corrigeons jamais les themes de notre frere. Mon oncle a partage son bien entre ses enfants. Nous parta- geons avec nos amis tout ce que nous avons. Mangerez- vous un peu de ce fruit ? Je ne mangerai rien a present, je n'ai pas d'appetit. Vous protegez toujours ce jeune nomine. Dieu protege 1'innocence. Nous protegeons nos amis. Le temps a change. Avez-vous deja commence votre lettre? Je commcri- cerai dans un moment. Je n'ai pas encore rince les verres. . You do not pronounce well. You formerly pronounced better. The French pronounce (the) Latin differently from us (otherwise than we). Why do you not eat? We do not eat, because we have no appetite. We will presently eat a little of this ham. Put this book on the table. We will place every- thing on this chair. I have not yet corrected my exercise. We will correct ours this evening. My brother formerly cor- rected my exercises. We will share this apple with our cousin. We will not begin to-day; we will begin to morrow. Do not efface these two lines. Why have you struck out this word ? The weather will change. This gentleman is much (bien) altered. Why do you not- protect this girl ? We protect no one. Have you already rinsed the glasses? We are now rinsing the glasses and cups. ~ n 155. Singular. Plural. moi, /, me nous, ice, us toi, thou f thee vous, you lui, lie, him cux (m.), they, them elle, she, her elles (f.), they, them ceci, this avant, &e/ore cela, /ia apres, a/ter cnvers, towards, to ingrat, ungrateful, unthankful centre, against ou, or chez moi, to or a my house en, m Venez avec moi. Allez avec lui. As-tu ete chez moi? Je n'ai pas ete chez vous. Qui a ecrit cette lettre, toi ou elle ? Nous avons travaille pour vous. Vous etes ingrat envers nous. Yotre frere est arrive avant moi. Vous arriverez apres lui. Voila ta petite soeur; n'as-tu rien pour elle? Je n'ai pas vu aujourd'hui tcs freres, mais j'ai pense a eux. Nous n'avons pas vu vos soeurs, mais nous avons pense a elles. Vous n'aimez pas mon frere, vous etes toujours centre lui. Nous aimons beaucoup votre soeur; nous parlons souvent d'elle. Je pense toujours a toi, mais tu ne penses jamais a moi. Get habit est- il pour vous? Cette montre est-elle pour toi? Qui a pris mon canif? Moi. C'est toi qui as pris ma plume. Celui qui n'est pas avec moi, est centre moi. Ou est votre petit frere? Ces fruits et ces fleurs sont pour lui. Ou est la pauvre femme ? Get argent est pour elle. Ceci est pour vous, cela est pour nous. A qui est cela? Ceci est a moi, et cela est a toi. Don- nez-moi de ceci ou de cela. 136. Thou hast not thought of (to) me. We have often spoken of thee. Thy cousin is always against us. Is this knife for you? Thy sister has (is) come with me. Thy cousins have gone away before us. You went away (are gone away) after them. For whom is this ? Is this for my brother ? This is for thee, and that is for him. My sisters are ill; I am working to- day for them. Our neighbor is very ungrateful to (envers) us. Who has taken my pencil? Thy uncle has been to (chez) us to-day. 7 '2 157. Singular. Plural, me, we, to me nous, us, to us te, thee, to thee vous, you, to you lui, to him, to her, to it lour, them, to them se, himself, herself, itself se, themselves, one another le, Mm, # les, them la, for, # les, them Testampe (f.), the engraving montrer, to show la bibliotheque, the library Je te donnerai cette plume, si tu me pretes ton crayon. Ou est votre frere ? Nous le cherchons depuis une heure; or, il y a une heure que nous le cherchons. Ta soeur est tres- applique'e ; le maltre la loue toujours. As-tu vu mon cheval? Je ne 1'ai pas encore vu. As-tu ma plume? Non, je ne 1'ai pas. Tu ne m'as pas dit que ton frere est malade. Mon cousin t'a pre'te' une plume. Je lui ai rendu sa plume. Vous ne lui avez pas encore dent. Notre jardiniere est heureuse; son fils lui a envoye cent francs. Je ne vous ai pas encore montre ma petite bibliotheque. Je vous montrerai aussi mcs flours. Votre fr6re nous a dit que vous aviez beaucoup de livres et beaucoup de fleurs. Cos estampes sont tre's-belles; je Jes ai reques de mon oncle. Ou avez-vous achete' ces beaux livres ? Je ne les ai pas achete's, c'est un cadeau de ma tante. Vos fibres n'ai- ment pas les livres; ils aiment trop le jeu. Je leur ai souvent pretd mes livres. 158. I love thee, and thou blamest me. Thy brother loves me, but thou dost not love me. This dog is not faithful, and I do not like him. Where is thy sister? Her mother is seeking her. Where have you been ? We have been looking for you (one seeks you) for (depuis) an hour. My uncle has given me a beautiful book. I had written (to) him a letter. Has your aunt been here? Yes, I have told (to) her that you are ill. A basket of fruit has been sent us (one has sent us. . . .). Charles will carry these flowers for you; he will give them 73 to your gardener. My children love ''the) flowers very much, I will give them those which are in my room. 159. le meme, la m6me les me'mes, the same je crois, I believe Ces enfants s'aiment. These children love one another. Que cherches-tu? As-tu perdu ton canif? Ne le trouves- tu pas ? Ne l'as-tu pas mis dans ta boite ? Je crois que mon cousin 1'a pris. Ton cousin ne 1'a pas pris. Je lui ai prete le *nien. II m'a rendu ma plume, mais il ne m'a pas encore rendu mon canif. Je ne lui preterai plus rien. II ne rend jamais ce qu'on lui prete. Ma soeur a le me'me deTaut. Quand je lui prete un livre, elle ne le rend pas. Nous rendons toujours ce qu'on nous prete. Je vous preterai tout ce que j'ai. Mes amis me rendent aussi ce que je leur pr6te; ils m'ont rendu ce matin le crayon que je leur avais prete hier. Le pauvre homme est renu: je lui donnerai un morceau de pain blanc et un verre de biere. Ma cousine m'a dent. Je lui ai rdpondu que je lui ach&terais un joli chapeau. si elle dtait toujours sage et appli- quee. Ces enfants ne s'aiment pas, ils se battent toujours. WO. My sisters are always giving me (some) flowers. Yon give me much money. The teacher never praises you; you are not industrious. I have received the book which you (have) sent me. I (have) found it, when I came (am come). If you love me, I will also love you. I should love you, if you were industrious. If you find my dog, I will give you five francs. My brother is in (at) London: I have written to him, but he has not yet replied to me. Our father has given us a basket of fruit and a bottle of wine. These children are very poor, some bread and money have been given to them (one has given to them, etc. ). My uncle has given me every thing that he had (all that which he had). 161. Me cherchez-vous ? M'avez-vous oublie* ? Te cherche- t-il? T'a-t-il donne* des pommes ? Le trouvez-vous ? L'avez- vous deja vu ? Cette maison est-elle a vous ? La vendez-vous? Ne la vendez-vous pas ? Votre fr6re est-il parti ? Lui u Vous a-t il re'pondu? Ne hii avez-vous pas encore dcrit? Ne vous a-t-il pas encore re'pondu? Votre sceur est-elle malade ? Lui avez-vous acliete du sucre? Vous a-t-elle parle de moi? Nous attend-on? Xous a-t-on envoy e des has et des souliers? Vous trouvcra-t-il aujourd'hui? Vous a-t-il parte de mon malheur? A vcz-vous oublie vos devoirs? Les remplissez-vous toujours? No les avez-vous pas encore remplis? Avez-vous partf a mes cousins ? Leur avez-vous rendu le livre qu'ils vous ont pre'te'? Ne leur avez-vous pas dit que nous travaillons ensemble ? 162. Wilt thou choose me? Will he find thee? Hast thou told him tliat we are here? Is he contented ? Will he buy it? Hast thou read it? Has he punished you? Will he answer us ? Will he look for it ? Where are thy books ? Hast thou laid them on the table ? Where are my shoes? Who has taken them? Have (are) your brothers come? Have you given your engraving to them? Has your mother sent the servants (m.) to them? Is the maid-servant ill? Have they gone for (est-on alle chercher) the physician? Has he given the wine to him? 163, me le, it to me nous le, it to us me les, them to me nous les, them to us te le, it to thee vous le, it to you te les, them to thee vous les, them to you Je vous le donne, / give it to je ne vous le donne pas, 1 do you . not give it to you vouslo donnd-je? do I give it ne vous le donnd-je pas ? do 1 to you?- not give it to you? dcmander, to demand, beg, ddsirer, to desire, ivish for ask, ask for refuser, to refuse conseiller,to advise,recommend deTendre, to defend, forbid tu promets, thou promisest Avez-rous lu le livre 1 Votre frere me le donnera, quand il 1'aura lu. Tu fi detnandd mon camf; je te le preterai. si tu 75 promets de me le rendre. Tu m'as pretd hier ta plume; je te la reiidrai demain. Le jardinier a regu les fruits; il nous les vendra. Si j'avais re9u les livres, je vous les preterais. Je n'ai pas chantd aujourd'hui; mon pere me 1'a defendu. Je n'ai pas encore vu tes estampes. Mon frere te les montrera. Dites- moi pourquoi vous etes si triste. Je vous 1'ai ddja dit. Vous ne me 1'avez pas encore dit. Je ne vous 1'avais pas encore demandd. Que me conseillez-vous ? Je ne vous le conscille pas. II nous le refusera. M'avez-vous demandd moncheval? Je vous 1'ai demandd, mais vous me 1'avez refusd. Vous ne nous avez pas encore paye uotre chien. Je ne vous le paierai jainais. Que desirez-vous? 164. Where is my book? I have lent it to thee. I will return it to thee ; I have lent it to my cousin. If you wish for it, he will give it (to) you with much pleasure. He has not refused it (to) us: he never refused (to) me what I have asked (to) him. I would not recommend it to you, if you were not so modest. Our neighbor has received many flowers; he will sell them to us. I have seen two beautiful dogs; I will buy them for you. We will not play to-day; the teacher has forbidden us (it to us). What do you advise me ? 165. le lui, it to him le leur, it to them les lui, them to him les leur, them to them je le lui donne, I give it to je ne le lui donne pas, I do not him give it to him le lui donnd-je ? do I give it to ne le lui donnd-je pas? do I not him? give it to him? la canne, the cane promis, promised voulu, wished Vous m'avez vendu votre encrler, vous ne me 1'avez pas pr6td. Je t'ai prte mon livre, je ne te 1'ai pas vendu. II m'a demande" mon canif ; je ne le lui ai pas donnd. Elle t'a demandd ton crayon, pourquoi ne le iui as-tu pas donnd? Si vous m'a- viez demande* mon chien, je ne vous 1'aurais pas refusd. Si mos amis me demandent mon chcval. je ne 'e leur 76 pas. Mon frere m'a demandd ma canne, je la lui donnerai. Vous m'avez promis votre oiseau, mais vous ne me 1'avez pag doune. Si je te 1'ai promis, je te le donnerai. Nous aurona aujourd'hui un nouveau cheval; notre pere nous 1'a promis. Mon ami donnera un petit chat a mes sceurs; promis hier. My son has asked me for a horse; I will not refuse it (to) him. We shall have a new inkstand to-day; my mother has promised it to me. The gardener's child has asked you for the knife; why have you not lent it to him? My friends have asked you for this book; why have you not lent it to them? Where are John's boots? At the shoemaker's; the servant will bring them to him in an hour. Who has given a present to the children ? My aunt has given it to them. 167. la cuiller, or cuillerc, the spoon la sole, the silk la prune, the plum lire, to read Ou est mon encrier? Me le rendezvous? Ou est mon livre ? Me 1'avez-vous rendu ? As-tu vu mon chapeau de soie? Te l'ai-je montrd ? Ton pere a voulu lire ton livre; le lui as-tu donnd? Nous avons achete un joli canif chez le libraire; nous l'a-t-il envoyd? Ces messieurs demandent votre cheval; le leur avez-vous promis ? Si Francois avait une canne, te la prete- rait-il? Ou est le chapeau de ma soeur? Le lui avez-vous envoye"? Vous demandez pourquoi j'ai pris votre couteau; ne me 1'avez-vous pas vendu? Get enfant salit son habit; pour- quoi ne le lui defendez-vous pas? Je vous ai vendu une dou- zaine de fourchettes et trois douzaines de cuillers; ne me les paierez-vous pas ? Tu as vendu a cette dame une corbeille de prunes; ne te les paiera-t-clle pas? Ma mere a achete' une robe de soie pour ma soeur. 168. Where is my hat? I gave (have given) it to thee yes- terday. Thou hast refused it to me. You had a beautiful dog; you have sold him to us. These children have a beautiful book, I have given it to them. He has lent the book to him, he has uot sold it to him. You have not promised it to us. These 7T children have begged a book of (to) me, I have not given it to them. Why do you not give us the inkstand ? Have I not promised it to you? You have not promised it to us. If I had promised it to you, I would also give it to you. Why do you not pay me ? 169. donnez-moi, give (to) me ne me donnez pas, do not give (to) me donnez-le-moi, give it to me ne me le donnez pas, do not give it to me donnez-lui, give to him, to her ne lui donnez pas, do not give to him, to her donnez-le-lui, give it to him, ne le lui donnez pas , do not to her give it to him, to her Vous avez un beau canif; donnez-le-moi. Rendez-moi le canif que je vous ai prete. Je vous ai pr6td deux plumes; rendez-les-moi. Mon frere a demande votre crayon; donnez-le- lui. Vous avez pris la canne de mon cousin; rendez-la-lui. Yous avez achete dcs prunes chez cette femme; payez-les-lui. Yous avez une belle montre; montrez-la- nous. Get enfant est mediant; punisscz-lo. Cette femme est tres-pauvre; donnez- lui un morceau de pain. Yos parents sont vos meilleurs amis; aimez-les tonjours. Ce canif n'ost pas bon; ne 1'achetez pas. Ma canne est perdue; ne la cherchez plus. C'est 1'encrier de Guillaume; ne le lui rendez pas. Get habit est trds-beau; ne le salissez pas. Remplissez toujours vos devoirs; ne les oubliez jamais. Cette fille est tres-sage; ne la punissez pas. 170. Thi 5 ? apple is very good; eat it. This plum is not good; do not eat it. This book is very useful; lend it to me. Do not lend it to him. Have you found your stockings? look for them. Do not look for them. Your father is your best friend; obey (to) him always; love him; never forget him. These horses are very beautiful ; sell them to me. These flowers belong to my sister; give them back to her. These fruits belong to the children of our neighbor; givo them back to them, Do not eat them. 78 Reflective Verb. Indicative Present. Affirmatively. sc laver, to wash one's self je me lave, I luash myself tu te laves, thou -washed thyself il se lave, he washes himself elle se lave, she washes herself nous nous lavons, we wash ourselves vous vous lavez, you wash yourselves ils se lavent, they wash themselves elles se lavent, they wash themselves Interrogatively. me lave-je ? do I wash myself? te laves-tu ? dost thou wash thyself? se lave-t-il ? does he wash himself se lave-t-elle? does she wash herself? nous lavons-nous ? do ive wash ourselves? vous lavez-vous ? e?o ?/OM w/os/i yourselves? se lavent-ils ? do Mey ivash themselves? se lavent-elles ? do they wash themselves? Negatively. je ne me lave pas, / do not wash myself tu ne te laves pas, thou dost not wash thyself il ne se lave pas, he does not ivash himself elle ne se lave pas, she does not wash herself nous ne nous lavons pas, we do not wash ourselves vous ne vous lavez pas, you do not ivash yourselves ils ne se lavent pas, they do not ivash themselves elles ne se lavent pas, they do not wash themselves Negatively and Interrogatively. ne me lave'-je pas? do I not wash myself? ne te laves-tu pas ? dost thou not wash thyself? ne se lave-t-il pas ? does he not wash himself? ne se lave-t-elle pas ? does she not ivash herself? ne nous lavons-nous pas ? do we not wash ourselves! ne vous lavez-vous pas? do you not wash yourselves' ne se lavent-ils pas? do they not wash themselves? ne se lavent-elles pas? do they not wash themselves? 79 se tromper, to deceive one's se rejouir, to rejoice, to be re- self, to be mistaken joiced so porter, to carry one's self, se promener, to walk, take a to be walk se porter bien, to be ivell se reposer, to rest s'jimuser, to be amused se hater, to make haste, to hurry s'habiller, to dress one's self s'appeler, to be called, to be s'affliger, to grieve named se coucher, to go to bed se lever, to vise, get up la mort, death la journde, the day Comment se porte monsieur votre pere? or, Comment monsieur votre pere se porte-t-il? II se porte tres-bien, depuis qu'il est a la campagne. Et vous, comment vous portez-vous? Je me porte toujours bien. Mes soeurs ne se portent pas bien. Que faites-vous ? Je m'habille. Vous habillerez-vous aussi ? Nous nous habillerons plus tard. Charles, ne te laveras-tu pas aujourd'hui? Je me laverai dans un moment. Mon oncle arri- vera ce soir; nous nous amuserons bien. Hatez-vous, il est tres-tard. Je me rejouis de vous trouver. J'aime celui qui se rejouit du bonheur de ses amis. Pourquoi vous affligez-vous? Je m'afflige de la mort de mon cousin. A quelle heure vous levez-vous ordinairement? Je me leve toujours a six heures, et je me couche a neuf heures. Mon frere se 16 vera demain a tro's heures; il partira pour Baltimore. Nous nous levons plus tard que vous. Autrefois nous ne nous levions pas si tard. Si vous avez fini votre th6me, nous nous promenerons un peu. Yous vous promenez toute la journee. Venez ici, reposez-vous un peu. Comment s appelle cejeune homme? II s'appelle Henri. Et vous, comment vous appelez-vous ? Je m'appelle Godefroi. 172. How does (Mrs.) your mother do? She is very ill. How do your brothers do ? They are very well. At what hour- does (Mr.) your father go to bed? He goes to bed at ten o'clock, and rises at five. At what hour will your sisters rise to-morrow? They will rise at seven o'clock. My brother goes 80 to bed later than I. Why does your uncle rise so late? We will rest a little. When you have (shall have) written your exercise, we will take a walk. I walk every day in my aunt's garden. What is your neighbor called? What is your friend called? And you, what are you called ? I am named William. My lather and mother are rejoiced to see you. I am rejoiced to find that you are happy. I love him (celui) who rejoices when his friend is praised (when one praises his friend). What are you doing, Henry? I am dressing (myself). Will the children wash (themselves) ? They will wash (themselves) in an hour. Has my brother come with Mr. Green? You are mistaken, your brother will not come (ne viendra pas) to-day. I will make haste and finish (make haste to finish) my exercise. At what hour does your uncle go to bed? He goes to bed at ten o'clock. 173. Affirmatively. je me suis lavd, / have washed, did wash myself tu t'es lavd, thou hast ivashed thyself il s'est lave', fa- has washed himself nous nous sommes lave's, we have ivashed ourselves vous vous 6tes lave's, you have washed yourselves ils se sont lave's, they have washed themselves Interrogatively. me suis-je lavd? have I washed myself? t'es-tu lave' ? hast thou washed thyself? s'est-il lave' ? has he washed himself? nous sommes-nous lave's? have ice ivashed ourselves? vous etes-vous lave's? have you washed yourselves? se sont-ils laves? have they ivashed themselves? Negatively. je ne me suis pas lavd, 1 have not washed myself tu ne t'es pas lavd, thou hast not ivashed thyself il ne s'est pas lavd, he has not washed himself nous ne nous sommes pas lave's, we have not washed ourselves vous ne vous 6tes pas lave's, you have not ivashed yourselves ils ne se sont pas lave's, they have not washed themselves 81 Negatively and Interrogatively. ne me suis-je pas lavd ? have 1 not washed myself? ne t'es-tu pas lavd ? hast thou not washed thyself? ne s'est-il pas lave ? has he not washed himself? ne nous somincs-nous pas laves? have we not washed ourselves? ne vous etes-vous pas lave's ? have you not washed yoursdves? ne se sont-ils pas laves'? have they not ivashed themselves ? je me suis couche hier soir / went to bed at ten o'clock last a dix h cures, night je mo suis bien amuse samedi, I was much amused on Saturday toute la matinee, all the morning toute la soiree, all the evening tant, so much dans peu de temps, in a little time J'ai vu hier votre frere. Vous vous etes trompe', inon frere n'est plus ici. Je ne me suis pas trompe', je lui ai parle. A quelle heurc vous 6tes-vous couches hier ? Nous nous som- mes couches a onze heures et demie. Mon fr6re ne s'est pas encore leve'. Ou avez-vous e"te ? Je me suis promene' toute la matinee. Je me reposerai un peu. Tes soeurs ne s'e'taient pas encore habillees, lorsque nous sommes venus. Pourquoi ne vous etes-vous pas encore lave? Je me serais lave, si j'avais eu de 1'eau. Nous avons e'te' a la campagne la semaine derniere, nous nous sommes bien amuse's. Mon voisin est tres- malade; il s'est trop afflige' du malheur de son fils. Faites votre theme; hatez-vous un peu; nous nous promenerons plus tard. Rejouissez.-vous, mes enfants, votre oncle arrivera ce soir. 174. Have you not yet asked him for it (it to him) ? You went to bed that evening at eight o'clock ; you always get up late. Charles dresses (himself) quickly. Thou hast not yet washed (thyself). He who gets up late, will never be well. Who has lost his book ? Have you lost it, Charles ? You are mistaken; I never lose my books. Will you walk to-day ? My brother will walk to day with his teacher, because he has been very industrious. How do your sisters do ? Are they not 82 in (at) the country ? 1 think that they are not very well. Were you much amused yesterday? We are always much amused (we amuse ourselves always well) when we are at our aunt's. I am very tired, I shall go to bed in a little time. Why do you make so much haste? It is not late yet; the school has not yet begun. 175. en, of Mm, of Tier, of it, of them en, with him, with her, with it, with them, some, any y, there, thither, within y, to it, to them Avez-vous des pommes ? Have you any apples? Oui, j'en ai. Yes, I have (some). Etes-vous content de cette Are you satisfied with this pen? plume ? Oui, j'en suis content. Yes, lam (satisfied with it). Mon frere a-t-il parld de cet Has my brother spoken of that homme ? man? Oui, il en a parld. Yes,he has (spoken of him), le concert, the concert oui, yes le thdatre, the theater non, no A-t-on parld de mon malheur ? Oui, on en a parle*. Etes- vous content de ce livre ? Oui, j'en suis content. Avons-nous des plumes? Oui, nous en avons. Avez-vous du pain?. Oui, j'en ai. Mon frere est-il au jardin ? Non, il n'y est pas. Avez- vous pensdamon affaire? Non, je n'y ai pas pense*. Avez- vous dtd au concert? Non, nous n'y avons pas dte. Yotre frere a-t-il des oiseaux? II en a beaucoup. A-t-il aussi des fleurs? II n'en a point. Combien de freres avez-vous? J'en ai trois. Avez-vous aussi une soeur ? Oui, j'en ai une. As-tu rec,u des lettres? J'en ai rec,u une de mon pere. Seras-tu ce soir chez monsieur Monge ? Je n'y serai pas. Avez-vous dtd au thdatre ? Nous n'y avons pas encore dtd. 176*. Have you any fruit ? Yes, I have (of it). Have you also any friends? No, I have none (of them). Hns your aunt many children? She has seven (of them). Has your cousin 83 been to Rome ? No, he has not been there. How many pens hast thou ? I have ten. Has thy sister written the letters ? She has written three. Is your cousin in your room? She was (there); but she is no longer there. Have you any flowers? Tes, we have (of them), but we do not give you any (of them). 1 77. m'en, some to me nous en, some to us t'en, some to thee vous en, some to you lui en, some to 7dm, to her leur en, some to them il m'en donne, he gives some to me il lui en donne, he gives some to him, to her, to it il y a, there is, there are il y avait, there was, there were il est arrive quelque chose, something has happened ar river, to happen le monde, people As-tu donnd du pain au pauvre? Je lui en ai donnd. Si tu ne lui en as pas encore donne, il t'en demandera. Mon cousin a beaucoup de fruits; il m'en donne tous les jours. T'endonne- t-il aussi? II nous en donne souvent. II n'aime pas les enfants du voisin; il ne leur en donne jamais. Yous avez ete aujour- d'hui au concert; je vous y ai vu. Y avez- vous vu mon oncle? il y dtait aussi. Non, je ne 1'y ai pas vu. II y avait beaucoup de monde. Je n'y ai jamais vu tant de monde. On dit qu'il est arrive un grand malheur. On en parle dans toute la ville. Mon ami m'en a parle aussi, 178. Have you been to Paris? I have never been there. Has the teacher been to the church? He has not been there. My father has four horses; my uncle has three (of them). How many apples have you? I have two. I have many pears; I will give some (en) to my sisters. The king has (is) arrived in (a) Berlin ; we have spoken to him. These pens are good; buy a dozen of them. The queen gives money to the poor; people often speak of it (one speaks often of it). Have you any bread? Yes, I have. 84 . 179. du pain, bread, when some or any bread is meant de bon pain, good &reacZ,when some or any good bread is meant de la viande, meat, some or any meat de mauvaise viande, bad meat, some or any bad meat des flcurs, floivers, some or any flowers de belles ficm-s,beautifuljloivers,some or any beautiful flowers de bon drap, some good cloth de bons fruits, some good fruit dvi drap bleu, some blue cloth des fruits murs, some rlpefruii Nous avons mange* de bons fruits. Vous avez bu de bonne eau, mais vous avez bu de mauvaise bi6re. Donnez-moi de bon papier. Ces messieurs ont de beaux jardins et de grandes maisons. Nous avons bu du vin excellent. La servante a achetd de bon sel, de bonne moutarde et de mauvais poivre. Charles a lu des livres franc,ais. Vous avez des chiens fideles. Mon oncle a de beaux chevaux. Cette demoiselle a de bonnes amies, d'aimables freres et .des livres utiles. Les Franc,ais ont toujours eu de bons ge'ne'raux. Notre ge'ne'ral a de braves soldats. Cette mere a des enfants tres-appliquds. Nous avons achete' de tres-belles fleurs. 180. Here is good paper and good ink. We have drunk bad wine and good beer. My uncle has beautiful gardens and large meadows. We have faithful friends and amiable brothers. This bookseller sells beautiful penknives. Our gar- dener has excellent fruit. My mother has purchased for me three pairs of black stockings. Give me better bread and better meat. Have you any good mustard ? Have you any good bread? Yes, we have. Have you any good books? No, we have not. Do you sell white hats ? Tell me what you sell; I will pay you well. 181. le savon, the soap rouge, red 1'essuie-main (m.), t7ie towel chaud, warm la patience, the patience froid, cold le poisson, the Jlsh apporter, to bring 1'dtang (m.), the pond souhaiter, to wish rarement, seldom rarely seulement, only 85 Ce marchand vend du papier, de Tencre et des plumes. Apportez-moi de 1'eau, du savon, et un essuie-main. Souhaitez- vous de 1'eau chaude ou de 1'eau froide ? Je vous donnerai des pommes et des cerises, si vous etes sages et applique's. Mon fr&re a de bonne encre et de bon papier. Nous avons eu de beaux chiens. Tu as peu de patience, mon ami. Avez-vous achete des crayons et des cariifs? Mon voisin vend de bonnes plumes. Ma sosur a de jolis gants. Combien de livres fram^ais avez-vous ? II y a des poissons dans cet e'tang. II y a beau- coup d'oiseaux dans notre jardin. Votre cousin a peu de livres et encore moins d'argent. Les bons maitres aiment les bons dcoliers. Votre frere parle toujours de bon vin et de bons fruits, mais rarement dc belles estampes et de livres utiles. 182. Bring me some vinegar and oil, some knives and forks. Hast thou any good pens and ink ? I have no good pens, but I have excellent ink. Thy paper is good. I have bought some very bad paper. Where did you find or buy (have you found) these beautiful towels f Our neighbor has bought some white linen, red cloth, black hats, and beautiful stockings. You are always speaking of dresses and of visiting (de visitcs), but seldom of exercises and business. I do not like those who speak only of their amusements, and who never think of their duties. SECOND PART. PARADIGMS. Singular. Norn, le p6re, the father Gen. du pere, of the father Dat. au pere, to the father Ace. le pere, the father Nom. la mere, the mother Gen. de la mre, of the mother Dat. a la mere, to the mother Ace. la mere, the mother Norn. 1'ami, the friend Gen. de 1'ami, of the friend Dat. a 1'ami, to the friend Ace. 1'ami, the friend Nom. mon fi ere, my brother Gen. Dat. Ace. mon frere, my brother I. DECLENSION. Plural. les peres, the fathers des peres, of the fathers aux peres, to the fathers les peres, the fathers les meres, the mothers des meres, of the mothers aux meres, to the mothers les mres, the mothers les amis, the friends des amis, of tJie friends aux amis, to the friends les amis, the friends mes freres, wj/ brothers demon frere, of my brother de mes freres, of tny broiiivn a mon fr6re, to my brother a mes freres, to my brothers mes freres, my brokers Nom. un jardin, a garden Gen. d'un jardin, of a garden Dat. a un jardin, to a garden Ace. un jardin, a garden Nom. une maison, a house Gen. d'une maison, of a hous*, Dat. a une maison, to a houst Ace. une maison, a house 86 87 IL CONJUGATION. avoir, to have; eu, had Present Tense. Future Tens*, j'ai, 1 have j'aurai, 1 shall have tu as, thou hast tu auras, thou wilt have il a, he has il aura, he will have nous avons, we have nous aurons, we shall have vous avez, you have vous aurez, you will have ils ont, they have ils auront, they will have Imperfect Tense. Conditional, j 'avals, / had j'aurais, / should have tu avals, thou hadst tu aurais, thou ivouldst have il avait, he had il aurait, he would have nous avions, we had nous aurions, ive should have vous aviez, you had vous auriez, you would have ils avaient, they had ils auraient, they would have Compound Tenses. j'ai eu, / have had j'aurai eu, I shall have had j'avais eu, I had had j'auraig eu, I should have hack tre, to be; ete, been Present Tense. Future Tense, je suis, I am je serai, / shall be tu es, thou art tu seras, thou wilt be il est, he is fl sera, he will be nous sommes, we are nous serons, we, shall be vous etes, you are vous serez, you will be ils sont, they are Ils seront, they will be Imperfect Tense. Conditional, j'etais, I was Je serais, I should be tu etais, thou wast tu serais, thou ivouldst be il elait, he was il serait, he would be nous e'tions, we were nous serions, we should be vous etiez, you were vous seriez, you would be Us dtaient, they were fls seraient, they would be Compound Tenses. J'ai e*te*, I have been j'aurai die*, I shall have been J'avais 6t6, I had been j'aurais dtd, I should have been 88 parler, to speak; parle, spoken Present Tense, je parle, I speak tu paries, thou speakest il parle, he speaks nous parlous, we speak vous parlez, you speak ils parlent, they speak Imperfect Tense, je parlais, I spoke tu parlais, thou spokest il parlait, he spoke nous parlioiis, we spoke vous parliez, you spoke ils parlaient, they spoke Future Tense. je parlerai, I shall speak tu park-ras, thou wilt speak il parler a, he ivill speak nous parlerons, we shall speak vous parlerez, you will speak ils parleront, they ivill speak Conditional. je parlerais, I should speak tu parlerais, thou ivouldst &c. . il parlerait, he would &c. nous parlerions, we should &c. vous parlcriez. you would &c. ils parleraieiit, they would &c. Compound Tenses. j'ai parld, I have spoken j'aurai parle*, I shall have spoken j'avais parle", I had spoken j'aurais parle", I should have spoken finir, to finish ; fini, finished Present Tense. Future Tense. je finirai, I shall finish tu finiras, thou wilt finish il finira, he will finish nous finirons, we shall finish vous finirez, you will finish ils finiront, they will finish Conditional. je finirais, / should finish tu finirais, thou u-ouldst finish il finirait, he would finish nous finirions, we should finish vous finiriez, you would finish ils finiraient, they ivould finish Compound Tenses. j'ai fini, I have finished j'aurai fini, I shall have finished j'avais fini, I had finished j'aurais fini, I should have finished je finis, I finish tu finis, thoufinishest il finit, he finishes nous finissons, we finish vous finissez, you finish, ils finissent, they finish Imperfect Tense, je finissais, I finished tu finissais, thou finishedst il finissait, he finished nous finissions, we finished vous finissiez, you finished ils finissaient, they finished 69 vendre, to sell; vendu, sold Present Tense. Future Tense, je rends, I sell je vendrai, I shall sell tu vends, thou sellest tu vendras, thou wilt sell il vend, he sells il vendra, he will sell nous vendons, we sell nous vendrons, ive shall sell vous vendez, you sell vous vendrez, you will sell ils vendent, they sell ils vendront, they will sell Imperfect Tense. Conditional, je vendais, / sold je vendrais, / should sell tu vendais, thou soldst tu vendrais, thou ivouldstsell il vendait, he sold il vendrait, he would sell nous vendions, ive sold nous veMrious, we should sell vous vendiez, you sold vous vendriez, you would sett ils veridaient, they sold ils vendraient, they would sell Compound Tenses. j'ai vendu, I have sold j'aurai vendu, / shall have sold j'avais vendu, / had sold j'aurais vendu, I should have sold acheter, to buy; achete, bought Present Tense. Future Tense, j 'achete, I buy j'acheterai, I shall buy tu achetes, thou buyest tu acheteras, thou wilt buy il achete, he buys il achetera, he will buy nous achetons, we buy nous acheterons, we shall buy vous achetez, you buy vous acheterez, you ivill buy ils achetent, they buy ils acheteront, they will buy Imperfect Tense. Conditional, j'achetais,* / bought j'achete rais, I should buy tu achctais, thou boughtest t\ia,cheter&is,thouivouldstbuy il achetait, he bought il acheterait, he would buy nous achctions, ive bought nous&chetQrion$,wes7iouldbuy vous achctiez, you bought vous acheteriez, you would buy ils achetaient, they bought ilsacheteraient,^7ie?/t;owM&Mi/ Compound Tenses. j'ai achete*, I have bought j'aurai achete', I shall have bought j'avais achetd, I had bought j'aurais achete, I should have &c. 90 appeler, to call; appele, called Present Tense. Future Tense, j'appelle, I call j'appellerai, / shall call tu appelles, thou callest in appelleras, thou wilt call il appelle, he calls il appellera, he will call nous appelons, ive call nous appellerons, we shall call vous appelez, you call vous appellerez, you will call ils appellent^Ae?/ call ils appelleront, they will call Imperfect Tense. Conditional, j'appelais, I catted j'appellerais, I should call tu appelais, thou calledst tu appellerais, thou wouldst call il appelait, he called il appellerait, he ivould call nous appelions, we called nousappellerions,wes7icm&Zca^ vous appeliez, you called vous appelleriez, you would call ils appelaient, they called ilsappelleraient,ZAe?/ioi^fZcaW Compound Tenses. j'ai appele, Ihave called j'a urai appele, 1 shall have called j'avais appele, I had called j'auraisappele',/s7iowfcZ/iave<c. regler, to rule; regie, ruled Present Tense. Future Tense, je regie, I rule je rdglerai, I shall rule tu regies, thou rulest tu regleras, thou wilt rute il regie, he rules il reglera, he will rule nous regions, we rule nous reglerons, ive shall rule vous re'glez, you rule vous re'glerez, you will rule ils reglent, they rule ils regleront, they will rule Imperfect Tense. Conditional, je re'glais, I ruled je reglerais, I should rule tu re'glais, thou ruledst tu re'glerais, thou wouldst rule il rdglait, he ruled il rdglerait, he would rule nous rdglions, we ruled nous r(?glerious, we should rule vous re'glez, you ruled vous regleriez, you would rule ils re'glaient, they ruled ils re'gleraient, they would rule Compound Tenses. j'ai re'gle', 1 have ruled j'aurai regie, I shall have ruled j'avais re'gle', T had ruled j'aurais re'gld, I should &c. 91 employer, to employ; employe, employed Present Tense. Future Tense, j'emploie, I employ j'einploierai, I shall employ tu emploies, thou employest tu emploieras, thou wilt &c. il emploie, he employs il emploiera, he will &c. nous employons, ive employ nous emploierons, we shall &c, vous em ploy ez, you employ vous emploierez, you will &c. ils einploient, they employ ils emploieront, they will &c. Imperfect Tense. Conditional, j'employais, I employed j'emploierais, I should employ tu employ ais, thou employedst tu emploier ais, thou wouldst &c. il employait, he employed il emploierait, he would &c. nous em ploy ions, we employed nous emp\oiQrions,ive should &d vous employiez, you employed vcus eniploieriez, you would &c. ils employaient, they employed ils emploieraient, they would &c. Compound Tenses. j'ai employe, I have employed j'aurai employe^ I shall have &c. j'avais employe', I had &c, j'&ur ais employ 6, 1 should have &c. placer, to place; place, placed Present Tense. Future Tense, je place, I place je placerai, I shall place tu places, thou placest tu placeras, thou wilt place il place, he places il placera, he ivill place nous placons, we place nous placerons, we shall place vous placez, you place vous placerez, you will place ils placent, they place Us placeront, they will place Imperfect Tense. Conditional, je placais, I placed je placerais, I should place tu placais, thou placedst tu placerais, thou ivouldst place il placait, he placed il placerait, he would place nous placions, ive placed nous placerions, we should place vous placiez, you placed vous placeriez, you would place ils placaient, they placed ils placeraient, they would place Compound Tenses. j'ai placd, I have placed j'aurai placd, I shall have placed j'avais place*, I had placed j'aurais placd, I should have &c. 92 manger, to eat; mange, eaten Present Tense. Future Tense, je mange, / eat je mangerai, / shall eat tu manges, thou eatest tu mangeras, thou wilt eat il mange, he eats il mangera, he will eat nous mangeons, we, eat nous mangerons, we shall eat vous mangez, you eat vous mangerez, you ivitt eat ils mangent, they eat ils mangeront, they will eat Imperfect Tense. Conditional, je mangeais, / ate je mangerais, / should eat tu mangeais, thou atest tu mangerais, thou wouldst eat il mangeait, he ate il mangerait, he would eat nous mangions, ive ate nous mangerions, we should eat vous mangiez, you ate vous mangeriez, you would eat ils mangeaient, they ate ils mange raient, they would eat Compound Tenses. j'ai mange, I have eaten j'aurai mangd, I shall have eaten j'avais mange, I had eaten j'aurais mangd, I should have &c. se 1 rom per, to be mistaken Present Tense. je me trompe, / am mistaken tu te trompes, thou art mistaken il se trompe, he is mistaken nous nous trompons, ive are mistaken vous vous trompez, you are mistaken ils se trompent, they are mistaken Imperfect Tense. je me trompais, 1 u-as mistaken tu te trompais, thou wast mistaken il se trompait, he ivas mistaken nous nous trompions, we were mistaken vous vous trorapiez, you were mistaken Ils se trompaient, they were mistaken 93 Future Tense. je me tromperai, I shall be mistaken tu te tromperas, thou wilt be mistaken il se trompera, lie will be mistaken nous nous tromperons, we shall be mistaken vous vous tromperez, you will be mistaken ils se tromperont, they will be mistaken Conditional. je me tromperais, / should be mistaken tu te tromperais, thou wouldst be mistaken il se tromperait, he would be mistaken nous nous tromperions, we should be mistaken vous vous tromperiez, you would be mistaken ils se tromperaient, they would be mistaken Compound Tenses. je me suis trompd, / have been mistaken je m'etais trompd, / had been mistaken je me serai trompe, I shall have been mistaken je me serais trompe, / should have been mistaken Write the following exercises in all tenses: je 1'ai, / have it je ne 1'ai pas, / have it not l'ai-je? do I have it? ne l'ai-je pas 1 do I not have it ? je le cherche, / look for it je ne le cherche pas, / do not look for it je lui donne, I give Mm je ne lui donne pas, 1 do not give him je le lui pr6te, I lend it him je ne le lui prete pas, I do not lend it him j'en parle, I speak of it je n'en parle pas, I do not speak of it 94 THIRD PART. VOCABULARIES. Note. The plural of French nouns is added only when irregular; adjective whose feminine differs from the masculine, are always given in full. 1. FRENCH AND ENGLISH VOCABULARY containing all French words occurring in this book, with their meanings, but only as used in the French Exercises. A. a, has a, to, at, in; a la mode, in the fashion, fashionable; a present, now aboyer, to bark achete, bought acheter, to buy achever, to complete, end actif, active, active Adolphe, Adolphus 1'affaire (f.), the business, work s'affliger, to grieve 1'Afrique (f.), Africa 1'age (m.), the age agreable, agreeable, pleasant (j')ai, (I) have aimable, amiable (il) aime, (he) loves, likes (j')aime, (I) love, like aimer, to love, like alle, gone allez, go, are going 1'ame (f. ), the soul 1'Amerique (f. ), America 1'ami (m.), the friend l'amie (f.), the friend I'amitte (f.), the friendship B'amuser, to be amused Tan (m.), the year 1'anglais, English 1'animal, les animaux (m.), the animal 1'annee (f.), the year, chaque annee, every year 1'annee bissextile (f.), leap-year Aout (m.), August (month) appeler, to call, name; s'appelle, is coiled; s'appeler, to be catted, to be named 1'appetit (m. ), the appetite apporter, to bring applique, appliquee; diligent appris, learnt apres, after 1'arbre (m. ), the tree l'ardoise(f.), the slate 1'argent (m.), the money, silver arrive, arrivee; arrived; il est arrive quelque chose, something has hap- pened arriver, to happen arrose", watered as, hast 1'Asie (f.), Asia assez, enough attendre, to wait aujourd'hui, to-day 1'aune (f.), the eU aussi, also, as 95 1'Australie (f.), Australia witant, as much, as many J'autre, the other Hutrefois, formerly mtrement, otherwise, differently ivancer, to advance ivant, before avec, with (vous) avez, (you) have (nous) avons, (we) have Avril (m.), April B. le banquier, the banker le bas, the stocking bas, basse, low batir, to build battre, to beat beau, bel, belle, beautiful, fine, beaucoup, much, many le beurre, the butter la bibliotheque, the library bien, well le bien, the benefit, good, that which is right, the properly, estate, fortune bientot, soon la biere, the beer blamer, to blame blanc, blanche, white la boite, the box bon, bonne, good le bonheur, (the) happiness les bontes (f.), the kindness, good will la botte, the boot le boulanger, the baker le bouquet, the nosegay la bouteille, the bottle la brebis, the sheep Bruxelles, Brussels bu, drunk c. le. cadeau, les cadeaux, the present le cafe, the coffee le cahier, the copy-book la campagne, the country le canif, the penknife la canne, the cane car, for, as ce, cet, cette;ces; this, that; these, those c'est, that is, it is ce qm I that which, which, what ce que ) ce sont, these are, they are ceci, this ceder, to cede, give, yield cela, that celebrer, to celebrate cehii, celle; ceux, celles; that, those celui-ci, celle-ci; ceux-ci, celles-ci; this, these celui-la, celle-la; ceux-la, celles-la; that, those cent, a hundred cent un, a hundred and one le, la centieme, the hundredth la cerise, the cherry la chaise, the chair la chambre, the room changer, to change, alter la chanson, the song chanter, to sing [bonnet le chapeau, les chapeaux, the hat, chaque annee, every year, each year le chat, the cat le chateau, les chateaux, the castle, country-seat chaud, chaude, warm le chemin, the way, road la chemise, the shirt cher, chere, dear/ dearly cherche, sought chercher, to seek, look for le cheval, les chevaux, the horse un cheveu, a single hair les cheveux (m.), the hair la chevre, the goat chez, at the house of; chez moi, to or at my house; chez le boulanger, at the baker's; chez mon frere, to, at my brother's; chez mon pere, at my father's le chien, the dog 96 le chocolat, the chocolate /choisir, to choose /Chretien, Christian / cinq, five cinquante, fifty le, la cinquantieme, the fiftieth le, la cinquieme, the fifth le citron, the lemon le coffre, the box, trunk \ la colere, anger ^combien? hoic much, liow many? teommencer, to begin comment ? how ? le commerce, trade, business le concert, the concert connu, known conseiller, to advise, recommend ^ content, contente; contented, pleased centre, against la corbeille, the basket le cordonnier, the shoemaker le corps, the body corriger, to correct se coucher, to go to bed la couleur, the color court, courte, short le cousin, the (male) cousin la cousine, the (female) cousin le couteau, les couteaux, the knife couter, to cost la cravate, the cravat le crayon, the pencil cree, created (je) crois, (I) believe cruel, cruelle, cruel, fierce la cuiller i la cuillere \ {he s P on D. la dame, the lady dans, in; dans pen de temps, in a little time le de, the thimble Decembre (m.), December le deYaut, the defect, fault dei'endre, to defend, forbid deja, already demain, to-morrow demander, to demand, beg, ask, ask for demeurer, to live, dwell demi, demie, half demi-douzaine (f.), Iwlfadozen la demoiselle, the young lady la dent, the tooth depuis, since, ago depuis quand ? since when, horo long ? le dernier, la derniere, the last descendre, to descend, come down desirer, to desire, wish for deux, two le devoir, the duty Dieu, God difficile, difficult dimanche (m.), Sunday dites, say, tell dix, ten dix-huit, eighteen le, la dix-huitieme, the eighteenth le, la dixieme, the tenth dix-neuf, nineteen le, la dix-neuvieme, the nineteenth dix-sept, seventeen le, la dix-septieme, the seventeenth /ieser m/ la domestique ) donne, given donner, to give donnez-moi, give (to) me dormi, slept doucement, softly, gently, slowly doux, douce, sweet, gentle la douzaine, the dozen douze, twelve le, la douzieme, the twelfth le drap, the cloth; de bon drap, some good doth; du drap bleu, some blue cloth E. 1'eau, les eaux (f.), the wat& 1'ecole (f.), the school 1'fecolier (m.), the sotoi-tr 97 e"couter, to listen, listen to ecrit, written un ecu, a crown, dollar effacer, to efface, strike out effrayer, to frighten 1'eglise (f. ), the church eleve, educated clever, to bring up, educate elle, she, it; elles, they, them Emilie, Emily employer, to employ, spend en, in; of him, of her, of it, of them, with him, with her, with it, with them, some, any encore, still, yet, again 1'encre (f.), the ink; de 1'encre, some ink, any ink 1'encrier (m.), the inkstand 1'enfant (m. & f . ), the child; des enfants, some children, any children ensemble, together entre, between, among envers, towards, to envoye, sent envoyer, to send esperer, to hope essayer, to try 1'essuie-main (m.), the towel r, to wipe, dry up b a, belongs to (f. ), the engraving et, and m . 1'etang (m.), the pond ete, been etre, to be 1' etude (f.), the' study eu, had 1'Europe (f.), Europe eux, they, them exagerer, to exaggerate, excellent, excellente, excellent F. facile, easy fait, (he) makes; made, paid (of a visit} faites, make, do la famille, the family la farine, the flour, meal la faute, the fault, mistake faux, fausse, false, treacherous, in- sincere la femme, the woman le fer, (the) iron la fete, the feast, birthday le feu, les feux, the fire Fevrier (m.), February fidele, faithful la fille, the daughter, girl le fils, the son fin, &ne,fine fini, finished fiuir, to finish la fleur, the flower; des flours, some flowers, any flowers; de belles fleurs, some beautiful flowers la flute, theflutt font, make fort, forte, strong la fortune, the fortune la fourchette, the fork frais, fraiche, fresh, new le franc, the franc, twenty cents le fran9ais, French Fran9ois, Francis le frere, the brother froid, froide, cold le fromage, the cheese le fruit, the fruit; de bons fruits, some good fruit; des fruits murs, some ripe fruit G. le gant, the glove le general, les generaux, the general Godefroi, Godfrey grand, graude, large, long, tall, great la grand'mere, the grandmother gros, grosse, large, coarse Guillaume, William la guitare, the guitar 98 H. s'habiller, to dress one's self 1'habit (in.), the coat, dress, garment se hater, to make haste, to hurry haut, haute, hlyh Henri, Henry 1'heure (f.), the hour, time of the day; tout a 1'heure, presently, just now heureux, heureuse, happy, fortunate hier, yesterday I'homme (m. ), the man honnete, honest 1'huile (f.), the OH huit, eight le, la huitieme, the eighth 1'humeur (f.), the temper 1'hyene (f.), the hyena I. ici, here ignorant, ignorante, ignorant il, he, it; il aime, he loves, he likes; il est arrive quelque chose, something has happened; il fait, he makes, il trouve, he finds; il vend, he sells il y a, there is, there are il y avait, there was, there were ils, they immortel, immortelle, immortal ingrat, ingrate, ungrateful; unthankful 1'innocence (f.), innocence instruit, instruite, learned intelligent, intelligent*, intelligent J. le jambon, the ham Janvier (m. ), January le jardin, the garden le jardinier; the gardener (m.) la jardiniere, the gardener (f.) je, I; j'ai, I have; j'ai raison, I am right; j'ai tort, I am wrong; j'aime, I love, Hike; je parle, I speak; je pense & vous, I think of you Jean, John Jeter, to throw, throw away le jeu, les jeux, the play, gamt jeudi (m. ), Thursday jeune, young la jeunesse, youth joli, jolie, pretty jouer, to play le jour, the day la journee, the day Juillet (m.), July Juin (in.), June la, the la, her, it la, there laborieux, laborieuse, industrious le lait, the milk la larme, the tear las, lasse, tired le latin, Latin Be laver, to wash one's self le.the le, him, it le leur, it to them le lui, U to him les legumes (m.), the vegetables les, the, them las leur, them to them les lui, them to him la lettre, the letter leur, leurs, their le leur, la leur, les leurs, theirs leur, them, to them leur en, some to them leve, lifted, raised lever, to lift, raise; se lever, to risq get up le libraire, the bookseller la ligne, the line le lion, the lion lire, to read le livre, the book la livre, the pound la loi, the law Londres, London long, longue, long 99 lorsque, when, at the time when louer, to praise Louis, Louis Louise, Louisa lourd, lourde, heavy lit, read lui, he, him; to him, to her, to it lui en, some to him, to her, to it luadi (m.), Monday la lune, the moon M. madame, Mrs.; niesdames, Mesdames mademoiselle, Miss; mesdemoiselles, Misses Mai (m.), May la main, the hand rnais, but la maison, the house le maitre, the master le mal, les maux, the evU malade, sick, til le malheur, (the) misfortune malheureux, malheureuse, unhappy, unfortunate la malle, the box, trunk mange, eaten manger, to eat le marchand, the tradesman mardi (in.), Tuesday Marie, Mary Mars (m. ), March Mathilde, Matilda Is matin, the morning la matinee, thi morning mauvais, mauvaise, bad me, me, to me m'en, some to me me le, it to me me les, them to me mechant, mechante, naughty le medecin, the physician meilleur, raeilleure, better; le meilleur, la meilleure, the best; le meilleur homme de la ville, the best man in town le meme, la meme, lesniemes, the same mener, to lead, guide, bring le menuisier, the joiner mercredi (m.), Wednesday la mere, the mother; mon pere et ma mere, my parents le metal, les metaux, the metal midi (m. ), midday, noon; midi et de- mi, half past twelve le mien, la mienne; les miens, le- miennes, mine mieux, better le, la millieme, the thousandth minuit (m.), midnight la minute, the minute mis, put, laid la mode, the fashion; a la mode, in the fashion, fashionable moderer, to moderate modeste, modest moi, I, me le moineau, les moineaux, the sparrow nioins, less, fewer le mois, the month le moment, the moment mon, ma, mes, my le monde, the world, people monsieur, Mr., messieurs, Messi-s.; ce monsieur, this gentleman la montagne, the mountain la montre, the watch montrer, to show le morceau, les morceaux, the piece mordre, to bite la mort, death mortel, mortelle, mortal le mot, the word le mouchoir, the pocket-handkerchief la moutarde, the mustard mur, mure, ripe H. ne. .jamais, not ever, never; ne. .pas, not, no; ne..plus, not more, no more, no longer; ne. .point, not at all, no le negociant, the merchant 100 nettoyer, to dean neuf, neuve, neto neuf, nine le, la neuvieme, the ninth noir, noire, black le nombre, the number non, no noire, nos, our le notre, la notre; les notres, ours nous, we, us, to us iious en, some to us Dons le, it to us DOUS les, fhem to us nouveau, nouvel, nouvelle, new Novembre (m.), November la nuit, the night O. obeir, to obey Octobre (m.), October Voiseau, les oiseaux (m. ), the bird en, one, people 1'oncle (m.), the uncle onze, eleven le, la onzieme, the eleventh ordinairement, usually ou, or ou? where? onblier, to for get oui, yes P. la page, the page le pain; thebread; du pain, some bread, de bon pain, some good bread la paire, the pair le papier, the paper parce que, because les parents (m.), the relatives; mea parents, my parents paresseux, paresseuse, idle (je) parle, (I) speak parle, spoken parler, to speak partager, to share, divide parti, partie, gone away, set out, de- parted, started la partie, the peart pas de, no - la passion, love, affection la patience, the patience pauvre, poor payer, to pay, pay for pendant, during penser, to think; je pense a vous, 1 think of you perdre, to lose perdu, lost le pere, the father; mon pere et ma mere, my parents personne . . ne, no one petit, petite, small, short, little peu, little, few le peuple, the people Philadelphie, Philadelphia la pierre, the stone la place, the place placer, to put, place, lay le plaisir, the pleasure la plante, the plant pleure, cried, wept pleurer, to cry, weep J la plume, the pen * la plupart, the greater part plus, more la poire, the pear le poisson, the fish le poivre, the pepper la pomme, the apple; des pommes, some apples, any apples la porte, the door porter; to carry, wear; se porter, (to carry one's self), to be; se porter bien, to be well posseder, to possess pour, for pourquoi? why? la prairie, the meadow preferer, to prefer le premier, la premiere, the first a present, now prate", lent preter, to lend pris, taken le prix, the price se promener, to walk, take a walk (tu) prornets, (thou) promisest promis. promised promptement, quickly prononcer, to pronounce propre, proper, clean, neat proteger, to protect la prune, the plum punir, to punish Q. la qualite, the quality qnand, when quarante, forty le, la quarantieme, the fortieth le quart, the quarter quatorze, fourteen le, la quatorzieme, the fourteenth quatre, four quatre-vingts, eighty le, la quatre- vingtieme, the eightieth quatre-vingt-dix, ninety le, la quatre-vingt-dixieuie, the nine- tieth quatre-vingt-un, eighty-one le, la quatrieme, the fourth que ? what ? que, that, tJian, as; whom, which, that quel,quelle,quels,quelles.io/u'c/i,ic&a< qui, who, which, that ; who ? le qriintal, les quintaux, thehundred- weight quinze, fifteen ; quinze jours, a fort- night le, la quinzieme, the fifteenth K. raison, right; j'ai raison, lam right raisonnable, reasonable le rameau, les rameaux, the branch rarement, seldom, rarely re9u, received refuser, regler, to rule, settle la reine, the queen se re'jouir, to rejoice, to be rejoiced remplir, to fill, fulfill, do rendre, to give back, to restore rendu, paid (of a visit) repondre, to answer, reply se reposer, to rest reste, remained, stayed, stayed behind retourner, to return, go back revenu, returned, riche, rich rien .ne, nothing rincer, to rinse la robe, the gown, dress le roi, the king la rose, the rose rouge, red le ruban, the ribbon S. sage, wise, good (as to conduct) salir, to soil, dirty la salle, the room samedi (m. ) , Saturday s'appelle, is called le savon, the soap se, himself, herself, itself; themselves, one another sec, seche, dry le second, la seconde, the second la seconde, the second (of time) seize, sixteen le, la seizieme, the sixteenth le sel, the salt la semaine, the week sense, sensee, sensible sept, seven Septembre (m.), September le, la septieme, the seventh la servante, the maid-sei'vant seulement, only si, so, if s'il vous plait, if gou please si . . ne, if not, unless 102 te sien, la sienne, les siens, lee sien- nas, his six, six le, la sixieme, the sixth la scour, the sister la soie, the silk le soir, Ihe evening la soiree, the evening; toutela soiree, all the evening soixante, sixty soixante et dix, seventy soixante et onze, seventy-one soixante-douze, seventy-two le, la soixantieme, the sixtieth le, la soixante-dixieme, the seventieth le soldat, the soldier le soleil, the sun son, sa, ses; his, her, Us sont, are; sont k, belong to (are to) sorti, sortie, gone o\d souhaiter, to wish le soulier, the shoe la soupe, the soup souvent, often le succes, the success le sucre, the sugar sur, on, upon T. la table, the table le tailleur, the tailor tant, so much, so many la tante, the aunt tard, late la tasse , the cup te, ihee, to thee t'en, some to thee te le, it to thee te les, them to thee le temps, the time, weather ; dans pen de temps, in a little time la terre, the earth, land la tSte, the head le the", the lea le theatre, the theater le theme, the exercise le tien, la tienne, les tiens, les tieit nes, thine le tigre, the tiger toi, thou, thee la toile, the linen ton, ta, tes; thy tort, wrong; j'ai tort, lam wrong ton jours, always tous les jours, every day tout, every thing, all; quite tout, toute, tous, toutes, all; tout a 1'heure, presently, just now ; tout le monde, even/ body la tranche, </te piece, slice le travail, les travaux, the work travailler, to work treize, thirteen le, la treizieme, the thirteenth trente, thirty trente et un, thirty-one trente-deux, thirty-two le, la trentieme, the thirtieth tres, very triste, sad troig, three le, la troisieme, the third se tromper, to deceive one's self, to be trop, <oo much, too many le troupeau, les troupeaux, the flock (il) trouve, (he) finds trouve, found trouver, to find, meet with, like tn,thou tl. un, une, a, an; one 1'un, 1'une, the one utile, useful V. le vaisseau, les vaisseaux, the ship (il) vend, (he) setts vendre, to sett vendredi (m.), Friday vendu, sold 103 venez, come venu, come le verre, the glass vert, verte, green vertueux, vertueuse, virtuous la viande, the meat; de la viande, some meat, any meat; Ae mauvaise viande, some bad meat la vie, (the) life Vienne, Vienna vieux, vieil, vieille, old vif, vive, lively la ville, the town le vin, the wine le vinaigre, the vinegar vingt, twenty vingt-deux, twenty-two vingt et un, twenty-one le, la vingt et unieme, the twenty-first le, la vingtieme, the twentieth le violon, the violin la visite, the visit vite, quickly voici, here is, here are voil'a, there is, there are le voisin ) ,. lavoisine \ the neif J hbor > m - & f' volontiers, willingly votre, vos, your le, la votre, les votres, yours voulu, wished vous, you, to you vous en, some to you vous le, it to you vous les, them to you vrai, vraie, true vu, seen Y. y, there, thither, within, to it, to them J04 2. ENGLISH AND FRENCH VOCABULARY, containing all English words occurring in this book, with their meanings, but only as used in the English Exercises. a, an, un, une active, actif, active Adolphus, Adolphe to advance, avancer to advise, conseiller (the) affection, la passion Africa, 1'Afrique (f.) after, apres again, encore against, contre the age, I'age (m.) ago, depuis agreeable, agreable all, tout, toute; tous, toutes; tout already, dejk also, aussi to alter, changer always, toujours America, 1'Amerique (f.) amiable, aimable among, entre and, et (the) anger, la colere the animal, 1'animal, lesanimaux (m.) to answer, repoudre any, en the appetite, 1'appetit (m. ) the apple, la pomme; some apples, any apples, des pommes April, Avril (m. ) are, sont, somuies, etes arrived, arrive, arrivee as, que, car, aussi ;a many, as much, autant Asia, 1'Asie (.) to ask, ask for, denmnder at, k ; at the time when, lorsque ; at the house of, chez; at the baker's, chez le boulanger; at my father's, chez mon pere; to or at my house, chez moi August (month), Aout (m.) Hit' aunt, la tante Australia, 1'Australie (f.) B. bad, mauvais, mauvaise the baker, le boulanger; at the baker's, chez le boulanger the banker, le banquier to bark, aboyer the basket, la corbeille to be, etre, se porter; to be amused, s'amuser; to be called, s'appeier; to be mistaken, se tromper ; to be named, s'appeier; to be rejoiced, se rejouir; to be well, se porter bien to beat, battre beautiful, beau, bel, belle because, parce que been, ete the beer, la biere before, avant to beg, demander to begin, commencer (I) believe, (je) crois belong, sont a; belongs to, est k the benefit, le bien the best, le meilleur, la meilleure; the best man intown, le meilleur homme de la ville better, meilleur, meilleure 105 between, entre the bird, 1'oiseau, lea oiseaux (m.) ihe birthday, la fete to bite, mordre black, noir, noire to blame, blamer the body, le corps the bonnet, le chapeau, les chapeaux the book, le livre the bookseller, le libraire the boot, la botte ihe bottle, la bouteille bought, achete the box, la boite, le cofire, la malle ihe branch, le rameau, les rameaux the bread, le pain; some bread, any bread, du pain; some, any 'joodbread, de bon pain to bring, mener, apporter io bring up, clever the brother, le frere ; to my brother's, chez mon frere Brussels, Bruxellea io build, batir the business, le commerce, 1'affaire (f.) but, mais the butter, le beurre to bty, acheter C. io call, appeler ; is called, s'appelle the cane, la canne to carry, porter; to carry one's self, to be, BO porter the castle, le chateau, les chateaux the cat, le chat to cede, cecler to celebrate, celeTwer ihe chair, la chaise to change, changer ihe cheese, le fromage tin cherry, la cerise the child, l'enfant(m. & .); some child- ren, any children, des enfants the chocolate, le chocolat to choose, choisir Christian, Chretien the church, 1'eglise (f.) to dean, nettoyer clean, propre the doth, le drap; some good doth, de bon drap; some blue doth, du drap bleu coarse, gros, grosse the coat, 1'habit (m.) the coffee, le cafe cold, froid, froide the color, la cotdeur come, venu, venez to come down, descendre to complete, achever the concert, le concert contented, content, contents the copy-book, le cahier to correct, corriger to cost, couter the country, la campagne the country-seat, le chateau, les chi- teaux the cousin (m. &f.), le cousin, la cousine the cravat, la cravate created, cree cried, pleure a crovm (coin}, un ecu cruel, cruel, cruelle to cry, pleurer the cup, la tasse the daughter, la fille the day, le jour, la journee (the) death, la mort to deceive one's self, se tromper December, Decembre (m.) the defect, le defaut to defend, defendre to demand, demander departed, parti, partie to descend, descendre to desire, desirer differently, autrement 10Q tifficuM, difficile diligent, applique", appliqnfe to dirty, salir to divide, partager to do (his duty), remplir; do, faites the dog, le chien the dollar, I'ecu (m.) the door, la porte the dozen, la douzaine the dress, la robe, l'habit(m.) to dress one's self, sliabiller 'drunk, bu dry, sec, seche to dry up, essuyer during, pendant the duty, le devoir to duett, demeurer E. each year, chaque annee the earth, la terra easy, facile to eat, manger eaten, mange to educate, clever educated, eleve to efface, effacer eight, huit eighteen, dix-huit the eighteenth, le, la dix-huitieme the eighth, le, la huitieme the eightieth, le, la quatre-vingtieme eighty, quatre-vingte eighty-one, quatre-vingt-un the eleventh, le, la onzieme the eU, 1'aune (f.) Emily, Emilie to employ, employer to end, achever English, 1'anglais the engraving, I'estampe () enough, assez th estate, le bien E>irope. 1'Earope (f.) the evening, le soir. la soiree; all the evening, toute la soiree every body, tout le monde; every day, tons les jours; every thing, tout- every year, chaque annee the evil, le mal, les maux to exaggerate, exagerer excellent, excellent, excellente the exercise, le thems F. faithful, fidele false, faux, fausse the family, la famille the fashion, la mode; fashionable, in the fashion, a la mode the f other t le pere; at my father , chez mon pere the fault, la faute, le defaut the feast, la fete Itibruary, Fe\-rier (m.) few, pen; fewer, moins fierce, cruel, cruelle fifteen, quinze the fifteenth, le, la quinzieme the fifth, le, la cinquieme the fiftieth, le, la cinquantieme fifty, cinquante tofiU, remplir to find, trouver (he) finds, (il) trouve fine, beau, bel, belle; fin, fin* to finish, finir finished, fini the fire, le feu, les feux the first, le premier, la premiere the fish, le poisson five, cinq the flock, le troupeau, les troupeaux the flour, la farine the flower, la fleur; some or any beauti- ful flowers, de belles flours the flute, la flute for, car, pour, pendant to forbid, dcfendre to forget, oublier 107 **fork, la fourchette formerly, autrefoia the fortieth, le, la quarantieme a fortnight, quinze jours fortunate, heureux, heureuse the fortune, la fortune, le bleu forty, quarante found, trcnve four, quatre fourteen, quatorze the fourteenth, le, la quatorzieme the fourth, le, la quatrieme a franc, un franc (twenty cents) Francis, Francois French, le francais fresh, frais, fraiche Friday, vendredi (m.) the friend (m. &f.), 1'ami, 1'amie the friendship, 1'amitie (f.) to frighten, effrayer the fruit, le fruit; some good fruit, de bons fruits; some ripe fruit,des fruits mw^ , reiuplir the game, le jeu, les jeux the garden, le jardiu the gardener (m. &f.), le jardinier, la jardiniere the garment, 1'habit (m.) the general, le general, les generaux gentle, doux, douce this gentleman, ce monsieur gently, doucement to get up, se lever the girl, la fille to give, donner, ceder to give back, rendre give (to) me, donnez-mo5 given, donne the glass, le verre thf glove, le gant ^ go, allez to go back, retourner to go to brf. se coucher the goat, la chevre God, Dieu Godfrey, Godefroi gone, alle, allee gone away, parti, partie gone out, sorti, sortie good, bon, bonne; sage; the good will, les bontes (f.), the good, that which is right, le bien the gown, la robe the grandmother, la grand' mere great, grand, grande green, vert, verte to grieve, s'affliger to guide, mener the guitar, la guitare had, eu a (singk) hair, un cheveu; the hair, les cbeveux half, demi, demie; half a dozen, demi- douzaine; half past twelve, midi et demi the /tarn, le jambon the hand, la main to happen, arriver (the) happiness, le bonheur happy, heureux, heureuse has, a hast, as the hat, le chapeau, les chapeaux (Ijhave, (j')i; (we) have, (nous) avons; (you) have, (vous) avez he, il, lui; he finds, il trouve; he likes, loves, il aime; he makes, il fait; he sells, il vend the head, la tete heavy, lourd, lourde Henry, Henri her, son, sa, ses ; her, la, ell; to her, lui; of her, en; herself, se here, ici; here is, here are, void hers, le sien, la sienne; les riens, lea siennes hiyh, haut, hautf 108 him, le, lui; to him, lui; of him, en; himself, se his, son, sa, ses; le sien, lasienne; les siens, les siennes honest, honnete to hope, esperer the fiorse, le cheval, les chevaux the hour, 1'heure (f.) the house, la maison how, comment? how many , combien ? how much, combien? how long, depuis quand? a hundred, cent a hundred and one, cent un the hundred-weight; le quintal, les quintaux the hundredth, le, la centieme to hurry, se hater the hyena, 1'hyene (f.) I. /, je, moi; J am right, j'ai raison; I am wrong, j'ai tort; / like, I love, j'aime; I speak, je parle; I think of you, je pense a vous idle, paresseux, paresseuse if, si; if. .not, si. .ne (pas) if you please, s'il vous plait ignorant, ignorant, ignorante ill, malade immortal, immortel, immortelle in, dans, a, en; in a little lime, dans peu de temps industrious, laborieux, laborieuse </4 ink, 1'eacrj ^f.); some ink, any ink, d-i 1'eucre the inkstand, 1'encrier (m.) (the) innocence, 1'innocence (f.) insincere, faux, fausse intelligent, intelligent, intelligent* (the) iron, le fer is, est; is calM, s'appelle it, il, elle, le, la; to it, lui, y; of it, en; it to him, le lui; it to me, me le; it to thee, te le; it to them, le leur; if in us, nous le; it to you, vous le; it is. c'eet its, son, sa, ses; le sien, la sienne; les siens, les siennes itself, se J. January, Janvier (m. ) John, Jean the joiner, le menuisier July, Juillet (m.) June, Juin (m.) just now, tout a 1'heure K. the kindness, les bontes (f.) the king, le roi the knife, le couteau, les couteaux known, connu L. the lady, la dame; the young lady, la demoiselle laid, place, mis the land, la terre large, gros, grosse; grand, grande the last, le dernier, la derniere late, tard Latin, le latin (he law, la loi to lay, placer to lead, mener (the) leap-year. 1'annee bissextile (f.) learned, instruit, instruite learnt, appris the lemon, le citron /j lend, prefer Imt, pretc less, moins the leiler, la kUre the library, la bibliotheque (the) life, la vie to lift, lever lifted, leve to like, aimor, trouver; Hike, j'aime; he likes, il aime the line, la ligne the linen, la toile the lion, le lion ^ listen, listen to, ecouter 109 Kttle, peu; in a little time, dans peu de temps to live, demeurer Uvely, vif, vive London, Londres long, long, longue; grand, grande to look for, chercher to lose, perdre lost, perdu Louis, Louis Louisa, Louise (the) love, la passion; to love, aimer; I love, j'aime; he loves, il aime low, bas, basse M. made, fait the maid-servant, la servante make, faites; (they) make, font; to make haste, se hater (he) makes, (il) fait the man, 1'homme (m.) many, beaucoup; too many, trop March, Mars (m.) Mary, Marie the master, le maitre Matilda, Mathilde May, Mai (m.) me, me, moi; to me, me the meadow, la prairie the meal, la farine the meat, la viande; some meat, any meat, de la viande ; some or any bad meat, de mauvaise viande to meet with, trouver the merchant, le negociant Mesdames, mesdames Messrs., messieurs the metal, le metal, les metaux midday, midi (m.) midnight, minuit (m. ) the milk, le lait [les mienues mine, le mien, la mienne, les mieiis, the minute, la minute (the) misfortune, le malheur Miss, mademoiselle; Misses, mesde- mois&lles the mistake, la faute to moderate, moderer modest, modeste the moment, le moment Monday, lundi (m.) the money, 1'argent (m.) the month, le mois the moon, la lune more, plus the morning, le matin, la matinee, ail the morning, toute la matinee mortal, mortel, mortelle the mother, la mere the mountain, la montagne Mr., monsieur Mrs., madam e much, beaucoup; too much, trop; how much f combien ? the mustard, la moutarde my, mon, ma; mes N. to name, appeler naughty, mechant, mechante neat, propre the neighbor (m. & f.), le voisin, la voisine never, ne. .jamais new, neuf, neuve; nouveau, nouvel, nouvelle; frais, fraiche the night, la nuit nine, neuf nineteen, dix-neuf the nineteenth, le, la dix-neuvieme the ninetieth, le quatre-vingt-dixieme ninety, quatre-vingt-dix the ninth, le, la neuvieme no, non ; pas de ; ne . . pas ; ne . . point ; ?io longer, ne plus ; no more, ne plus ; no one, personne. .ne noon, midi (m. ) the nosegay, le bouquet not, ne . . pas; not at all, ne . . point; not ever, ne . . jamais ; not more, ne plus nothing, rien . . ne 110 November, Novembre (m.) now, a present; just now, tout a 1'heure tite number, le nombre O. to obey, obtir October, Octobre (m.) of, de; of it, en often, sou vent the oil, 1'huile (f.) old, \ieux, vieil, vieille On, sur one, un, une; on; one another, se ; the one, 1'un, 1'une only, seulement or, ou the other, 1'autre otherwise, autrement our, notre, nos ours, le, la notre ; les notres P. the page, la page paid (of a visit), fait, rendu the pair, la paire the paper, le papier [ma mere my parents, mes parents; mon pere et the part, la partie; the greater part, la plupart (the) patience, la patience to pay, pay for, payer the pear, la poire the pen, la plume the pencu, le crayon the penknife, le canif [on the people, le peuple;peop/e, le monde, the pepper, le poivre Philadelphia, Philadelphia the physician, le medecin the piece, le morceau, les morceaux, la tranche the place, la place to place, placer the plant, la plante the play, le jeu, les jeui to play, jouer pleasant, agreable pleased, content, contents the pleasure, le plaisir the plum, la prune the pocket-handkerchief, le mouchoir the pond, 1'etang (m.) poor, pauvre to possess, posseder the pound, la livre to praise, louer to prefer, preferer the present, le cadeau, les cadeaui presently, tout a 1'heure pretty, joli, jolie the price, le prix promised, promis (thou) promisest, (tu) promets to pronounce^ prononcer proper, propre (the) property, le bien to protect, proteger to punish, punir put, mis to put, placer Q. the quality, la qualite the quarter, le quart the queen, la reine quickly, vite, promptement quite, tout K. to raise, lever raised, leve" rarely, rarement read, lu to read, lire. reasonable, raisonnable received, reqn. to recommend, conseiller red, rouge to refuse, refuser to rejoice, se rejouir the relatives, les parent* remained, reste <o reply, rtpoudre Ill ~ to rest, se reposer to restore, rendre to return, retourner ret'trntd, ivvenu Ike ribbon, le ruban rich, riche right, raison ; I am right, j'ai raison; that which is right, le bien to rinse, rincer ripe, mur, mure to rise, se lever the road, le chemin the room, la chambre, la salle the rose, la rose to rule, regler S. sad, triste the salt, le sel the same, le, la meme, les mmes Saturday, samedi (m.) say, elites the scholar, 1'ecolier (m.) the school, 1'ecole (f.) the second, le second, la seconde a second, une seconde to seek, chercher seen, vu seldom, rarement to sell, vendre; (he) sells, (il) vend to send, envoyer sensible, sense, sensee sent, envoye September, Septembre (m.) the servant (m. &f.), le domestique, la domestique set out, parti, partie to settle, regler seven, sept seventeen, dix-sept the seventeenth, le, la dix-septieme the seventh, le, la septieme the seventieth, le, la soixante-dixieme seventy, soixante et dix wenly-one, soixante et onze tvenf-,'-two, soixante-douze to share, partager she, elle the sheep, la brebis the ship, le vaisseau, les vaisseaux the shirt, la chemJse the shoe, le soulier ~~/ the shoemaker, le cordonnier short, court, courte ; petit, petite to show, montrer sick, malade the silk, lasoie the silver, 1'argent (m. ) since, depuis ; since when ? depuis quand? to sing, chanter the sister, la soeur six, six sixteen, seize the sixteenth, le, la seizieme the sixth, le, la sixieme the sixtieth, le, la soixantieme sixty, soixante the slate, 1'ardoise (f.) slept, donni the slice, la tranche slowly, doucement smaU, petit, petite so, si; so many, tant; so much, tant the soap, le savon softly, doucement to soil, salir sold, vendu the soldier, le soldat some, en; some to him, to her, to it, lui en; some tome, m'en; some to ihee, t'en; some to them, leur en; some to us, nous en ; some to you, vous en something has happened, il est arrive quelque chose the son, le fils the song, la chanson soon, bientot sought, cherche* the soul, 1'aine (f.) the soup, la soupe the :pai-row,le moineau, les moineaux 112 to speak, parler; I speak, je parle to spend, employer the spoon, la cuiller, cuillere started, parti, partie stayed behind, reste, restee still, encore the slocking, le bas the stone, la pierre to strike out, effacer strong, fort, forte the study. 1'etude (f.) the success, le succes the sugar, le sucre the sun, le soleil Sunday, dimanche (m.) sweet, doux, douce T. the table, la table the tailor, le tailleur to take a walk, se promener taken, pris to talk, parler tall, grand, grande the tea, le the the tear, la larme tell, dites the temper, rhumeur(f.) ten, dix the tenth, le, la dixieme than, que that, those, ce, cet, cette, ces; celui, celle, ceux, celles, celui-la, celle-la; ceux-la, celles-la; cela; that which, ce qui; that is, c'est that, qui, que that (conj.), que Me, le, la, les the theater, le theatre thee, toi, te their, leur, leurs theirs, le leur, la leur, les leurs them, eux, eJles, lee ; to them, leur, y; of them, en ; them to him, les lui ; them to me, me les; them to thee, te les; them to you, vous les; them to them, les lenr; them to us, les nous themselves, se ttere, la, y; Mere is, Mere are, il y a; there was, there were, il y avait these are, ce sont they, ils, eux, elles ; they are, ce sont the thimble, le de Mine, le tien, la tienne, les tiens, les tiennes to think, penser; I think of you, je pense a vous the third, le, la troisieme thirteen, treize the thirteenth, le, la treizieme the thirtieth, le, la trentieme thirty, trente thirty-one, trente et un thirty-two, trente-deux this, these, ce, cet, cette, ces ; celui, celle, ceux, celles; celui-ci, celle-ci, ceux-ci, celles-ci; ceci thou, toi, tu thousand, mille the thousandth, le, la millieme three, trois to throw, throw away, jeter Thursday, jeudi (m.) thy, ton, ta; tes the tiger, le tigre the time, le temps; the time (of the day), 1'heure ; at the time when, lorsque tired, las, lasse t<\ k, envers ; to my brother's, ch%a mon frere; to or at my house, chez moi to-day, aujourd'hui to-morrow, demaiii together, ensemble too many, loo much, trop the tooth, la dent towards, envers the towel, I'essuie-main (m.) the town, la ville (the) trade, le commerce the tradesman, le marchand 113 treacherous, faux, fausse the tree, 1'arbre (m.) the trunk, la malle, le coffre to try, essayer Tuesday, mardi (m.) the twelfth, le, la douzieme twelve, douze the twentieth, le, la vingtieme twenty, vingt the twenty-first, le, la vingt-et-unieme twenty-one, vingt-et-un twenty-two, vingt-deux two, deux u. the uncle, 1'oucle (m.) unfortunate, malheureux, malheureuse ungrateful, ingrat, ingrate unhappy, malheureux, malheureuse ^unless, si ne unthankful, ingrat, ingrate upon, sur its, to us, nous useful, utile usually, ordinairement V. the vegetables, les legumes (m.) very, tres Vienna, Vienne the vinegar, le vinaigre the violin, le violon virtuous, vertueux, vertueuse the visit, la visite w. to wait, attendre to walk, se promener warm, chaud, chaude the watchf, la montre the water, 1'eau, les eaux (f.) watered, arrose the way, le chemin we, nous to wear, porter the weather, le temps Wednesday, mercredi (m.) the week, la semaine to weep, pleurer well, bien wept, pleure [quelles? what ? que ? quel, quelle ; quels, when, quand, lorsque where ? ou? which, qui, que ; quel, quelle, quels, quelles ; ce qui, ce que white, blanc, blanche who ? qui ? of whom, de qui ? frcm whom, de qui? to whom, a qui? for whom, pour qui ? who, qui whole, tout, (oute why ? pourquoi ? William, Guillaume willingly, volontiers the wine, le vin to wipe, essuyer wise, sage to wish, desirer, souhaiter, to wish for, desirer wished, voulu with, avec; with him, with her, with it, with them, en within, j the woman, la femme the word, le mot [travaux the work, 1'affiiire (f.), le travail, les to work, travailler the world, le monde written, ecrit wrong, tort; lam wrong, j'ai tort Y. the year, 1'an (m. ), 1'annee (f. ), eoc* year, chaque annee yes, oui yesterday, hir yet, encore to yield, ceder you, to you, vous young, jeune ; the young lady, la de. moiselle your, votre, vos yours, le votre, la votre, les votres youth, la jeunesse Sefe^aften I fyo^etner ^aften entfjaltenb 125 grofce unb fteine 23ucf)ftaben unb ftnterpunction^eicfyen auf ftarfem Sarttm i3, portofrei $1.00 II din fyo^erner ^aften ent^altenb 30 Umlaute iifto. auf ftarfem Barton $retg, pottofret $1.00 Stetger 1 ^ gcfc^rctt obigen ^aften f au^ fefter ^Pappe, 24 Soft tang, 10s 3ott f)od), mit 2 SQJeffing^^tngen gum 9luff)a'ngen unb im format bon 24 x 83 8ott f'.h ben transport ^ufantmenlegbar jpreig, portofrei $0.75 . teiger & So v 49 s^urra^ etrect, 5len> gorf ses. 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