P*W;; A Practical ami Easy Method Tir FRENOii LAI , . -7OURSB. NH - VO .K E. SUElGhl-. & CO. Notice. With due regard to the differing needs of the various classes of learners, the AHN-HENN German Method is issued in three externally different forms, namely: 1. Complete in one volume: AHN'S Complete Method of the German Language. Half Roan $1.75 2. The same contents bound separately in 2 Courses, namely: a) AHN'S Rudiments of the German Lanauaae. First Course. Boards $0.65 b) AHN'S Rudiments of the German Lanauaae. Second Course. Boards $1.00 3. The same contents bound separately in 4 Books, namely: o) AHN'S FirJt German Hook (pp. 1 to 64 of the first half of the German Method or Rudiments, First Course). Boards $1). '25 &) AHN'S Second German Book (pp. 65 to 224 of the first half of the German Met/tod or Rudiments, First Course). Boards #o. lf> c) AHN'S TJlird German Book (pp. 1 to 90 of the second half of the* German Method or Rudiments, Second Course, together with a separate vocabulary). Boards $0.45 d) AHN'S Fourth German Book (ps. 91 to 270 of the second half of the German Method or Rudiments, Second Course). Boards $O.GO Whilst the AHN-HENN German Method teaches Ger- man in accordance with the Common German Orthography, there has been issued, in 1888, a new edition of this book revised according to the Modern German Orthography as now taught in the public schools of Germany under the title of HENN-AHN'S German Grammar. This book is likewise issued in three externally different forms, namely: 1. Complete in one volume: HENN-AHN'S German Grammar. Half Roan $1.75 2. The same contents bound separately in 2 Courses, namely: a) HENN-AHN'S German Grammar, First Course. Boards $0.65 b) HENN-AHN'S German Grammar, Second Course. Boards $1.00 3. The same contents bound separately in 4 Numbers, namely: o) HENN-AHN'S German Grammar, Number One (pp. 1 to 64 of the First Course of the German Grammar). Boards $0.25 b) HENN-AHN'S German Grammar^ Number Two (pp 65 to 226 of the First Course of the German Grammar). Boards $0.45 c) HENN-AHN'S German Grammar, Number Three (pp. 1 to 94 of the Second Course of the German Grammar). Boards Sit. 1") d) HENN-AHN'S German Grammar, Number Four (pp. 95 to 276 of the Second Course of tin- Grmxtit lirmnnntr). Hoards $11. v E. Steig-er & Co., 49 Murray St., New York STEIGER'S French Series. AHN'S Practical and Easy Method OF LEARNING THE FRENCH LANGUAGE. BY Dr. P. HENN. First Course, NEW YORK: E. STEIGER & CO. N O T E. The excellence of AHN'S Practical and Easy Method of Learning the French Language, both as a guide for beginners, and as a manual for teachers, is allowed on all hands. Still, there it not an edition of this book extant, in which greater or less deficiencies do not occur. A due regard to the educa- tional requirements of our time and country has induced the publisher to issue this new edition, containing a funda- mental Treatise on French pronunciation, com- plete Paradigms of Declensions and Conjugations in so far as they occur in the book itself, and full and accurate Vocabularies of both the French and English words used in the exercises. For the convenience of teachers and private learners, a Key to the Exercises has boon issued. The publisher trusts that these important improvements, whilst making this edition of AHN'S Method more serviceable to both pupil and teacher, will, at the same time, render the acquisition of French a short and attractive task. NEW YORK, August 1873. Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1673, by E. Steiger, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. E.STHIGER, NEW YORK.. Printer and Klectrot.voer. <%si TABLE OF CONTENTS. A SHORT GUIDE to FRENCH PRONUNCIATION. Page y . The Alphabet vn 2. Vowels vm 3. Consonants ~sn 4. Same Exceptions and Difficulties xv 6. Connection of Words xvj FIRST PART. French and English Exercises. I. 2. Definite Article le, la ". 1 3. 4. The Adjective bon, bonne 1 5. 6. Possessive Pronoun mon, ma ] 7. 8. Indefinite Article un, une 2 9. 10. Possessive Pronoun ton, ia, 2 11. 12. Feminine of Adjectives. General Rule: add e to tie Masculine 2 \3. 14. Indicative Present: first and second persons singular of avoir 3 15. 1G. Indicative Present; first person plural of avoir 3 17. 18. Indicative Present; second person plural of avoir; Past Participle with avoir 3 19. 20. Possessive Pronouns notre, votre 4 21. 22. Personal Pronoun il, clle 4 2:'> 24. 7?t>l,ifive Pronoun, Nominative qni, Accusative que 5 2.~i 26. Recapjkdaticm : we of the word ' did ' ' for the Perfect Indefinite in French 5 27 28. Demonstrative J'ronoun ct, cet, cette 6 29. 30. Pe"npitulation 6 III IV . Pa* 31. 82. Possessive Pronouns continued; sou, sa 7 33. 34. Possessive Case of Nouns 8 35. 3G. Preposition a. Idiom je pense ;\ 8 37. 38- Omission of e and a in the Article le, la, before a vowel or silent h; Adjectives of tfie same termination in both genders 9 39. 40. Formation of the Feminine of Nouns. General rule: add e to the Masculine -. 10 41. 42. Comparative of Adjectives. Possessive Pronoun le mien, \a nnenne 10 43. 44. Adjectives of the same termination in both genders 12 45. 46. Demonstrative Pronoun celui, celle 12 47. 48. Names of Persons; a, to, at, in 13 49. 50. Plural of the Article, Nouns, and Adjectives. General rule: add s to the Singular 14 51. 52. Cardinal Numbers. Names of the montlts. The Impersonal Verb il y a 15 53. 54. Plural of the Possessive Pronouns mon, ma; le mien, la mienne, and of the Personal Pronoun il, elle 17 55. 56. Plural of the Possessive Pronouns notre, votre; le notre, le votre. . 18 57. 58. Plural of the Demonstrative Pronoun ce, cet, cette 18 59. 60. Adjective tout, toute 19 61. 62. Use of de la and a la before Feminine Nouns, and of cle 1' and a 1' before Masculine or Feminine Nouns beginning with a vowel or silent la 20 63. 64. Use of du and au before Masculine Nouns 21 65. 66. The Plural of au, a la, a 1' and of du, de la, de 1' 22 67. 68. Adverbs of Quantity and Number, peu, beaucoup &c 23 69. 70. The same subject 24 71. 72. Nouns of Weight, Measure, and Number 25 73. 74. Plural of Nouns ending in eau, eu 26 75. 76. Plural of Nouns ending in al, ail 26 77. 78. Partitive Article du, de la, des; the use of chez 27 79. 80. The Expressions void, voila. Partitive Article continued 28 81. 82. Superlative of Adjectives 29 83. 84. Plural of the Demonstrative Pronouns celui, celle and of celui-ci, celui-la 30 85. 86. Possessive Pronouns leur and le leur, Singular and Plural 32 87. 88. Ordinal Numbers. Days of the week 32 89. 90. Interrogative Pronoun qui, de qui, a qui, pour qui ? 33 91 92. Titles of respect, monsieur &c 35 93. 94. Indicative Present of etre 36 95. 96. Indicative Imperfect of etre. Feminine of Adjectives in x. Ad- verbs of time 37 97. 98. Indicative Imperfect of avoir 38 99. 100. Perfect Indefinite j'ai pris 39 101. 102. Perfect Indefinite continued, j'ai ete; Indefinite Pronoun on 40 103. 104. Indicative Present of etre and avoir used negatively 41 105. 106. Adjectives forming their Feminine irregularly. Negative expressions 42 107. 108. Adjectives forming their Feminine irregularly, continued 43 109. 110. Interrogative Pronoun quel, asking time, age &fc 44 111. 112. Indicative Imperfect of etre and avoir used negatively. Participles used with etre 45 113. 114. Compound Tenses used negatively. Negative expressions personne- ne, rien-ne; modes of expressing past time 46 115. 116. Indicative Present and Compound Tenses used interrogatively and negatively 48 117. 118. Indicative Future of etre and avoir 49 119. 120. Conditional of etre and avoir 50 121. 122. Interrog-jtive sentences 51 123. 124. Indicative Present of parler 52 125. 126. Indicative Imperfect of parler 54 127. 128. Indicative Future and Conditional of parler 55 129. 130. Recapitulatory exercues on verbs conjugated like parler 56 131. 132. The same subject 57 133. 134. Indicative Present of finir 58 135. 136. Indicative Imperfect of fiiiir: 59 137. 138. Indicative Future and Conditional of finir 60 139. 140. Indicative Present of vendre 61 141. 142. Exercises on verbs conjugated like vendre 62 143. 144. Indicative Imperfect of vendre 63 145. 146. Indicative Future and Conditional of vendre ' 64 147. 148. Conjugation of verbs like lever, appeler, jeter 65 149. 150. Verbs in net as preferer 66 151. 152. Verbs in yer as employer 68 153. 154. Verbs in cer and ger, as placer, manger 69 155. 156. Disjunctive Personal Pronouns moi, toi, Ini, elle 71 157- 158. Accusative and Dative of Personal Pronouns 72 159. 160. The same subject 73 VI Page 161. 162. Accusative and Dative of Pronouns continued 73 163. 164. Order in which the Personal Pronouns are placed, when two of them are governed by the same verb 74. 165. 166. The same subject 75 167. 168. The same subject 76 169. 170- The order of the Pronouns when used with the Imperative, with and without the Negative 77 171. 172. The Reflective Verb se laver used affirmatively, negatively, interroga- tively, and negatively and interrogatively 78 173. 174. Compound Tenses of Eeflective Verbs used in various ways 80 175. 176. On the use of en and y 82 177. 178. On the use of en with Personal Pronouns 83 179. 180. The Partitive Article before Adjectives 84 181. 182. The same subject 84 SECOND PART. Paradigms. I. Declension 86 II. Conjugation 87 THIRD PART. Vocabularies. 1. French and English Vocabulary 94 2. English and French Vocabulary 104 A SHORT GUIDE TO FRENCH PRONUNCIATION. I. THE ALPHABET. The French Alphabet consists of the following twenty-riv letters: Names ah n N bay o O say pP day qQ eh r R eff s 8 jay l t T ash 3 u U ee v V jee x X kah y Y ell z Z emm a A b B c C d D e E f F h H i I j J k K 1 L mM 1. Simple vowels are: a, e, i, o, u, y. 2. All other letters are simple consonants. S. The following are compound letters: Compound vowels: au, eau, ou, eu, oeu, ai, ei. Nasal vowels: an, am, en, em; in, im, ain, aim: on, om; mi, urn, euii. Diphthongs: ia, ie, ie, ie, io, ieu. oi, ui. oui. Nasal diphthongs: ian, ien, oin, uin, ion. Compound consonants: cli, ph, til, qu, gn. Names enn o pay err 4 ess tay - 3 vay ix ee greek zed 1 j tq be pronounced like s in pleasure. 2 a to be pronounced as in fast. 3 The French name of this letter cannot be represented by English letters; it must be learned from the mouth of the teacher. * err to be pronounced as in ferry. VII VIII II. VOWELS. 1. Simple Vowels. Jt. a is pronounced like a in fast; a with the Circumflex Accent (") has the sound of a in father. A vowel marked with the Circumflex Accent is always long. a animal ami aine pate mat has animal friend soul paste mast 2. e at the end of words of more than one syllable, is silent. dame tape table laraie arbre farine lady tape table tear tree flour 3. e at the end of words of one syllable, sounds like u in the English word tub; at the end of syllables riot final, it has really the same sound, but is in many cases scarcely to be heard. le me te ne de venir samedi the me thee not of to come Saturday 4. e with the Acute Accent (') is pronounced like a in fate. le ble le the le cafe la verite le de* the corn the tea the coffee the truth the thimble #. e with the Grave Accent (') is pronounced like/* in tare. le pere la mere le frere I'e'leve la feve the father the mother the brother the pupil the beau 6. 6 with the Circumflex Accent is pronounced like e in there. la tte la fete nie*me eHre la bete the head the feast same to be the beast IX 7. e without an accent, at the beginning and in the middle of syllables, is ordinarily pronounced like the French e (a in tare); in the final syllables er, et, ez, however, it sounds like the French e (a in fate). elle la ferine parler le bonnet venez she the farm to speak the cap 8. i and i with the Circumflex Accent, are usually pronounced like i in machine, i is sometimes like the English short i, as in pin. midi batir le mari Tile finir noon to build the husband the island to finish 9. o has for the most part nearly the same sound as in English ; it is usually pronounced like o in robe; sometimes it is short as in odd; 6 with the Circumflex Accent has always the sound of o in no. la mode la robe le role le cote the fashion the dress the roll the side 10. u and u with the Circumflex Accent, cannot be rendered by any corresponding sound in English, and must be learned from the lips of the teacher. la nature la fortune la flute mur (the) nature the fortune the flute ripe 11. y when initial, or when after a consonant, has the sound of the French i. y le jury la lyre le type 1'hydre there the jury the lyre the type the hydra 2. Compound Vowels. 12. au and eati are pronounced like o in home. la faute le baume beau le taureau the fault the balm beautiful the bull 13. ou sounds like ou in soup. on la route la poule la soupe le sou or thu road tho hen the soup the cent H. eu and oeu sound nearly like u in nurse; when followed by r, or another consonant not silent, the sound is more open. le feu bleu ueuf la couleur la soeur the fire blue nine the color the sister lo. ai and ei are generally pronounced like ai in bail; ai at the end of a word, especially in some forms of the verb, is sounded like a in fate. le inaitre la paire la baleine j'aurai the master the pair the whale I shall have 3. Nasal Vowels. 16. In French, 11 and m, when final or before a consonant, are said to have a nasal sound, but more properly speaking, dropping their own sound, they only indicate that the preced- ing vowels are to be sounded through the nose. Thus an. am, en, em are used to represent the nasal sound of the French a, and are pronounced like en in the Anglicized word encore. In pronouncing these sounds, care should be taken not to press the back of the tongue against the palate, as is done in pro- ducing the sound of the English ng. When the m or 11 of these and similar combinations is doubled or followed by a vowel, there is no nasal sound. Fan 1'ancre Fencre la lampe Feinpire the year the anchor the ink the lamp the empire 17. ill, im, aili, aim, ein represent the nasal sound cor- responding to the French i; they are all pronounced nearly like an in the English word sang. le vin Fimpe'ratrice le pain la faim plein the win th empress the bread the hunger full XI 18. on and om represent the nasal sound corresponding to French o; they are pronounced nearly like on in song. on onze le salon la bombe rompre one, they eleven the drawing-room the bomb to break 19. un, um, eun represent the nasal sound corresponding to French u; they are pronounced nearly like un in sung. un chacun brim le parfum a jeun a, an each brown the perfume fasting 4. Diphthongs. 20. In French, all diphthongs are pronounced by uttering fully and distinctly the vowels which compose them; this should, however, be done by a single impulse of the voice. Thus: ia is compounded from the French vowels i and a ie c i i " e ie i i ' i " e ie * t 1 i " e io t i ' i " o leu i ' i " eu le diable la partie le rosier la fievre the devil the part the rose-bush the fever la niece le pied I'amitie la fiole Dieu the niece the foot the friendship the phial God 21. oi is pronounced like wa in was. ui is compounded from the French vowels u and i. oui , " " " " ouandi. moi le soir I the evening la nuit the nigtt luire to shine Louise Louisa XII 5. Nasal Diphthongs. 22. ian is compounded from the French vowels i and an nasal. ioii " " " " i " on " oin " " " o " in " uiii " " " " u " in " ien " " " " i " en " All these diphthongs are pronounced by uniting the sounds of their component parts, except ien which is mostly final, and sounds like i and in; (an in the English word sang). la viande le lion le coin niien Juin the meat the lion the corner mine June III. CONSONANTS. 23. b, d, f, k, 1, m, n, p, t, z, at the beginning of words or syllables, are pronounced as in English. A final consonant is generally silent. The letters c. f, 1, r, however, when final, are generally pronounced. le tapis le nid le bee vif le sel le fer the carpet the nest the beak lively the salt the iron 24. c before a, o, u, or a consonant, and at the end of syl- lables and of some words, is pronounced like the English k. When it comes before e, i, and y, it is pronounced like s in the English word same. With the cedilla (c), it always sounds like sharp s. le canif le roe ceci le garcon la facade the penknife the rock this the boy the front 2o. g before a, o, u, and consonants, has the hard sound of g in go; before e and i, it is pronounced like s in pleasure. gu before a, i, e sounds like g in go; the u has no sound whatever, it only shows that the g is hard, ge before a, o, u, sounds like s in pleasure; the e is inserted to' show that the g \s soft. gai la glace le gilet le guide le pigeon gay the ice the vst the guide the pigou XIII 26. h in French is said to be aspirated or not, but is never pronounced. Mark that before all nouns beginning with a vowel or non-aspirated h, the article is P (with the apostrophe) instead of le, la. With nouns beginning with h aspirated, the article remains unchanged. 1'heure le hibou le lietre la harpe the hour the owl the beech-tree the harp 27. j is always pronounced like s in pleasure. le jour le jeu le journal joli le juge the day the play the newspaper pretty the judge 28. 1 and 11, when preceded by i, are pronounced like y con- sonant in yonder (liquid 1); in such words as have only the vowel i before the 1 or 11, the i has its regular sound. When there is another vowel before the il or ill, the i is always silent, and the vowel before it has its regular sound. Thus: eil and eill are compounded from e and 1 liquid. ail " aill " a " 1 " euil euill " " eu " 1 " ouil ouill ou" 1 " Avril la fille vieil la bouteille le bail April the daughter old the bottle the lease la paille le deuil la feuille le brouillon the straw the rnoiirning the leaf the waste-book 29. s at the beginning of words has the sharp sound or the English s in same; between two vowels, it is pronounced like 8 in rose; ss has always the hissing sound of ss in lesson. la semaine la rose la visile la messe the week the rose the visit tba mass XIV 30. x as in English, has two different sounds; in most worda beginning with ex, it sounds like gs; in others like ks. Faxe 1'excuse 1'exercice le luxe exact the axis the excuse the exercise luxury exact 31. y after a vowel is to be considered as a compound sound of two i (ii), the first i going with the preceding vowel, and the second with the following. payer (pai-ier) aboyer le pays le rayon to pay to bark the country the ray 32. ch sounds the same as the English sh. In a few words, however, taken from the Greek, and when it comes before a consonant, it is pronounced like k. la bouehe la poche le chapeau la chronique the mouth the pocket the hat the chronicle 33. th is pronounced like t simply, and ph like f. le the le theme le phare le phosphore the tea the exercise the light-house the phosphorus 34. q either followed by u, or without it, is pronounced like the English k. qui la qualite* quitter cinq Paques who the quality to leave five Easter 35. gn has a sound combining that of the English 11 and y consonant, like ni in minion. la ligne digne le compagnon I'Allemagne the line worthy the partner Germany XV IV. SOME EXCEPTIONS AND DIFFICULTIES. 36. Mark the occasional sounds of the following letters = a in lafemme iniprudeinment differemmem the wife imprudently differently cje=eu " 1'oeil Toeillet 1'ceillere Foeillade the eye the pink the eyetooth the glance c = g " second je seconde il seconde second I second he seconds x^s " six dix soixante Bruxelles six ten sixty Brussels x =z " deuxieme dixieme sixieme le sixain second tenth sixth the stanza tl in the middle of words, when it comes before another vowel, is very often pronounced like ce in cedar. la nation la fraction 1'attention leVenitien the nation the fraction the attention the Venetian ent final in The Third Person Plural of any French verb, Is silent. ils jouent ils rient ils sautent ils lisent they play they laugh they jump they read 37. The Apostrophe (') does not change the pronunciation of the following syllable, and only denotes the elision of one vowel before another. Thus: instead of: ice write and read: le ami 1'ami the friend je aime j'aime Hove instead of: we write and read: ce est c'est that is si il s'il if he 38. The Trema ( " ) placed over the second of two vowels, denotes that "they are to be pronounced as distinct letters: 1'aienl hair Saul Noel FheroVne the grandfather to hate Saul Christmas the heroine XVI 39. In Dividing Words into Syllables, it may be proper to observe the following rules: In French, there are as many syllables in a word, as theVe are vowels or diphthongs. A single consonant between two vowels, is joined to the kittpi Two different consonants or the two same consonants must be separated. There are many combinations, however, which always belong to the same syllable; namely: bl, br, cl, cr, dl, dr, fl, fr, ' gl, gr, pi, pr, tl, tr, vr, ch, ph, th, gii, and, of course, all diphthongs. lepere 1'armee later re lemaitre the father the army the earth the master la mou che la li gne le fia ere Dieu the fly the line the cab God V. CONNECTION OF WORDS. 40. In current reading and speaking, the last syllable of a word is generally joined to the first of the following, if that commences with a vowel or non-aspirated h. In this connection, however, some letters change their regular sound, namely: d is pronounced like t I g is pronounced like k sorx " " Z | f " " v The t of et, and is never pronounced. grand homme. rang^leve. bon ami. gran-thomme. ran-keleve'. bo-na-mi. great man. elevated rank. good fririnl. 'Vous etes aimable. il est six hen res. , vou-/ete-/aimable. i-lest si-zlieures. you are amiable. it is six o'clock. FIRST PART. FRENCH AND ENGLISH EXERCISES 1. le CmJ, la (f.), the pere, father frere, brother mere, mother sceur, sister et, and Le pere, la mere. Le frerc et la soeur. 2. The sister and the brother. The father and the mother. .9. bon (m.), bonne (f.), good est, is Le bon pere, la bonne mere. Le pere est bon, la mere est bonne. Le bon frere, la bonne soeur. Le frere est bon, la soeur est bonne. Le p6re et la mere. 4. The good brother, the good sister. The father is good, the mother is good. The good father, the good mother. The brother is good, the sister is good. The brother, the sister. . mon (m.), ma (f.), my Mon pere, ma mere. Mon bon pere, ma bonne m6re. Mon pere est bon, ma mere est bonne. Mon frere et ma soeur. Mon bon frere ct ma bonne so2ur. Mon frere est bon, ma soeur est bonne. Le bon frere ct la bonne soaur. 6. My good brother, my good sister. My brother is good, my sister is good. My good father and my good mother. My father is good, my mother is good. 2 7. un (m.), une (,), a, or an Un pere, une mere, un frere, une soeur. Tin bon p&re, une bonne m6re, un bon frere, une bonne soeur. JJn, pere est bon, une m6re est bonne.* Mon pere est un bon p6re, ma mere cst une bonne mere. Mon frere est un bon fr6re, ma soeur est une bonne soaur. 8. A brother and a sister. A father and a mother. A good brother, a good sister. A good father and a good mother. The brother and the sister. My sister is a good sister. My brother is a good brother. My mother is a good mother. My father is a good father. 9. ton (m.), ta (f.), thy a, has; aussi, also Ton p6re est bon, ta' m6re est bonne* Ton pe"re a une bonne soeur, ta mere a un bon fr6re. Mon frere est ton pe"re. Mon pere est aussi ton pere, et ma mere est aussi ta mdre. 10. Thy brother, thy father, thy mother, thy sister. Thy mother has a good father and a good sister. My brother is also thy brother. My sister is also thy sister. Thy father has a good brother. 11. grand (m.), grande (f.), large, long, tall petit (m.), peti:e (f.), small, short, little le livre, the book; la plume, the pen Lc livre est bon, la plume est bonne. Mon livre est petit, et ma plume cst grande. Ton p6re a un bon livre, ta soeur a une bonne plume. Mon fr6re est grand, et ma soeur est petite. Ton petit frere et ta petite soeur. Ta soeur a ma plume, et ton fr6re a mon livre. Ton petit livre est un bon livre. 12. My pen is small; my book is large. Thy father has a good pen; thy mother has a good book. My brother is short, and my sister is tall. Thy little sister is a good sister. The book is good 13. je, 1; z\, have; j'ai,/ have; zi-jethavel? tu, thou; as, hast; tu as, thou hast; as-tu? J'ai un livre et uue plume. Tu as un bon livre et une bonne plume. J'ai un bon i'rere; tu as une bonne sceur. J'ai un grand livre; mon frere a aussi un grand livre. Ma sceur a une petite plume. As-tu une soeur? J'ai une so3ur et un I'rere. As-tu ma plume? J'ai ton livre et ta plume. 14. Hast thou a brother? I "have a brother and a sister. I have a good father. My mother has a little pen. Hast thou a large book? I have a large book. Hast thou a good father? I have a good father and a good mother. 13. nous, we; avons, have; nous avons, we have; avons-nous ? have we ? le jardin, the garden Nous avons un bon pere et une bonne mere. Nous avons aussi un bon frere et une bonne sreur. Le jardin est grand. J'ai un petit jardin. As-tu aussi un jardin? Nous avons un grand jardin. Mon petit frere a aussi un jardin. Ma petite soeur a un bon livre. Nous avons un grand livre et une petite plume. 10. We have a large garden. I have a good book. My little brother has also a book. The garden is small. My mother is good. My father has a good pen. My little sister has a large book. We have a little garden. We have a good brother and a good sister. 27. vous, you; avez, have; vous avez, you have; avez-vous? have you? achete', bought; vu, seen Yous avez un bon pere ct une bonne mere. Avez-vous aussi un bon frere ? J'ai un livre. J'ai achete" un livre. Nous avons vu un grand jardin. Avez-vous vu le grand jardin ? Mon fr6re a aussi YU un grand jardin. J'ai achet<* une plume. As-tu achete' une bonne plume? As-tu vu mon livre? J'ai vu ton livre et ta plume. Avez-vous vu ma petite sceur? Mon pere a achete un jardin. Ta sceur a achete un petit livre. Avez-vous vu mon frere? Nous avons vu ta soeur et ton frere. 18. Have you seen my father ? We have seen thy father and thy mother. Have you bought a good book ? I have bought a book and a pen. We have seen a little garden. Have you seen my little brother? I have seen thy little sister. Thy brother has bought a pen. My mother has bought a large garden. 19. notre, our; votre, your oncle, uncle; tante, aunt Notre p6re est un bon pere, et notre m6re est une bonne mere. Mon pere est ton oncle, et ma mere est ta tante. Ton frere a vu notre mere. J'ai vu votre soeur. Avez-vous vu notre petit frere? Yotre livre est bon. Yotre frere a une bonne plume. Notre pere a achete un grand jardin. Nous avons vu votre oncle et votre tante. As-tu aussi vu notre jardin? 20. Our brother is a good brother, and our sister is a good sister. Thy father is my uncle, and thy mother is my aunt. Have you seen your father ? Our book is small. Your garden is large. Your sister has bought a pen, and your brother has bought a good book. Have you seen your aunt ? 21. il, he, it; elle, she, it mais, but; tres, very; tres-bon, very good Mon pere est bon; il a" aussi un bon frere. Ma mere est bonne; elle a aussi une bonne soeur. Ton livre est petit, mais il est bon. Avez-vous vu notre jardin? II est tres-grand. J'ai achete* une plume; elle est tres-bonne. Nous avons vu votre oncle; il a achetd un grand livre. 22. Our mother is good; she has also a good brother. My father i.s tall; he has also a tall sister. Have you seen our uncle? He has a large book. I have bought a garden; it is very small. Thy pen is small, but it is very good. 23. qui (in. & f. nom.), who, which, that que (m. & /. ace.,), ivhom, which, that Nous avons un pere qui est bon. Yous avez une mere qui est bonne. J'ai un livrc qui est tres-bon. Ma soeur a une plume qui est tres-bonne. Le livre que vous avez achete', est bon. Le jardin que nous avons vu, est tres-grand. As-tu vu le livre que mon frere a achete? Le livre que-votre frere a achete, est bon, mais il est tres-petit. J'ai achete aussi un livre, mais il est grand. Yotre oncle a le livre que vous avez vu. 24. My uncle has the book that you have bought. Have you also bought a book? I have seen the garden which your brother has bought. We have a mother who is good. You have a father who is very good. The garden which you have bought, is large. My father, whom you have seen, is very tall. Your brother has a pen which is very good. 25. le chapeau, the hat, bonnet le canif, the penknife la montre, the watch le cheval. the horse un enfant, t ^ une enfant, | Ou avez-vous trouvd mon Where did you find (have yo^i chapeau ? found) my hat ? trouve, found pour, for perdu, lost ou, where J'ai un petit chapeau. Ton chapeau est grand. Mon frere a une montre. As-tu aussi une montre? Ma montre est petite, maig elle est tres-bonne. J'ai perdu un canif. Avez- vous trouve mon canif? Ma m6re a achet^ un chapeau pour ma soeur. As-tu vu le chapeau que ma mere a achete"? Notis avons trouve' un livre. Avez-vous perdu un livre? Ou as-tu I achete' ta plume? Notre pere a achete' un cheval. Yotre oncle a un bon cheval. Nous avons vu le cheval que votre pere a achete'. Mon frere est un enfant; il est tres-petit. 20. My sister is a child; she is very little. Have you seen the horse that your father has bought? Your aunt has lost a book. My sister has found the penknife which you have lost. Where didst thou find (hast thou found) my pen ? Have you seen the bonnet which my mother has bought for my sister ? Where did you lose (have you lost) your hat? Where hast thou seen my watch ? My horse is very small, but he is very good. Have you a large garden ? 27. ce, cet (m.), cette (f.), this, that cet is used instead of ce before a vowel or silent h. ce rameau, this branch cet habit, this coat cet arbre, this tree cette fleur, this flower Ce cheval est bon. Ce rameau est grand. Ce livre est petit. Cet enfant est notre frere. Cette plume est pour ma soeur. Cet habit est pour mon oncle. J'ai trouve un livre. Ou avez-vous trouve' ce livre ? Ma mere a achetd ce chapeau. Ton frere a vu cet arbre. Votre petit fr6re est un bon enfant. Ou as-tu achete' cefte fleur? Cette montre est tr6s-bonne. Ce chapeau est pour cet enfant. 28. This hat is for my brother. This tree is very small. He is very good. Where did you find (have you found) this penknife ? This flower is for my uncle. Thy father has seen this coat. Your aunt has bought this garden. Have you lost your pen? Where didst thou find (hast thou found) this book? I have found a watch which is very small. This bonnet is for thy sister; she is good. This branch is small. 29. le fils, the son le cadeau, the present la fille, the daughter la lettre, the letter rec,u, received dent, written vendu, sold dans, in Mon oncle a un fils et une fille. J'ai vu ton frere et ta sceur. Nous avons recu un-cadeau. Avez-vous dcrit une lettre? Ma sceur a rec,u un chapeau. " J'ai vendu mon cheval. As-tu aussi vendu ta montre? Ou avez-vous trouvd cette lettre? Nous avons trouve' cette lettre dans notre jardin. Ce cadeau .est poHr votre tantc. Votre fils cst tres-petit, mais il cst bon. Ma fille est tres-grandc. Cette fille a un bon pere et une bonne mere. Get enfant est mon fils. 30. This child is my daughter. This son has a good uncle and a good aunt. My daughter lias received a present. Your mother has written a letter for my sister. This watch is for your brother. Hast thou sold thy horse ? Where did you lose (have you lost) the watch? I (have) lost the watch in the garden. Have you seen my son and my daughter? My brother has received a letter. Have you sold your horse ? 31. son sa ( (')> I M S , her, its !), ) son oncle, Jiis or her uncle sa tante, his, or her aunt sa tete, 7tis, Jier, or its head Mon oncle a perdu son canif ct sa montre. Ma sceur a perdu son livre et sa plume. Mon pere a vendu son cheval. Ma tante a aussi vendu son cheval. Ou est votre oncle ? II est dans son jardin. Ou cst votre tante ? Elle est dans son jardin. Ce pere a perdu sa fille. Cette mere a perdu son fils. Mon oncle a achete' un chapeau pour son petit enfant. Cette lettre est pour ma sosur. Cette fille a dent une grande lettre pour sa mere. Nous avons trouve' un livre dans ce jardin. 32. Thy mother has lost a book. My sister has fpiuid a pen. Where did you buy (have you bought) this penknife? Hast thou seen our horse ? We have seen a large horse. Your little brother has a good watch. '/ Our brother is tall, but our sister Is short. *I have a hat which is very large. The penknife which you have bought, is a good one (is good). Our uncle has received a letter. This son has lost his mother. This daughter has lost her father, This present is for this child. 33. de, of or from de mon pere, of or from my father; or, my father's de nia mere, o/ or from my mother; or, my mother's do ton frere, of or /row M?/ brother; or, M?/ brother's de ta sceur, o/ or /row 7i^ sister; or, My sister's de son onclc, o/ or /row his uncle; or, 7iis uncle's de sa tantc, o/ or from his aunt; or, /iis aunVs de ce jardin, o/ or from this garden La plume de mon pere cst My father's pen (the pen of bonne. my father) is good. Le canif de mon pere est bon. La plume de ma soeur est bonne aussi. Avez-vous le canif de mon fre're? Le jardin de mon oncle est grand. J'ai vu le jardin de votre oncle. Notre pere a achete le jardin de ta tante. Yous avez perdu la plume de ma soeur. Get enfant est le fils de mon oncle. J'ai rec,u un canif de notrc tante. Nous avons rec,u un cheval de votre oncle. As-tu vu le pere de cet enfant ? Ma tante a requ une lettre de son pere. Cette lettre est de ma mere. As-tu rec,u ce cadeau de ton fre're? Le fils a perdu le livre de son pere. 34. This child has found his father's book (the book of his father). Have you received a letter from your mother? Hast thou seen my father's horse (the horse of my father) ? I have lost my sister's penknife. My aunt has bought my uncle's gar- den. We have sold my brother's hat. My sister's penknife is large. My aunt's garden is small. This watch is for thy son. Thy sister's horse is in the garden. 33. a, to a mon pere, to my father a ma mere, to my mother a ce jardin. to this garden Je pense a vous; I think, or 7 am thinking of (to) you. donne", given; prete', lent Je pense fi mon frerc ct a ma mere. Mon fils a e'er it une lettre 4 sa tantc. Mon onclc a vcndu son chovul a inon froro. J'ai donne* mon canif a ina soeur. Ma tante pense a son fils et a sa fille. Le fils de notre tante est tr6s-bom J'ai prete* mon canif a votrc so3ur. Avez-vous vendu votre jardin a raon oncle? Nous avons ecrit une grandc Icttrc a notre perc. Ma tante a recju ccttc Icttre de sa fille. J'ai prete a ton frere lo canif que j'ai rec,u dc inon oncle. Nous avons donne une plume a cet enfant. A?-tu pretd ton livre a ce bon enfant ? Je pcnse a ce fils ct a cette fille. 36. My uncle's garden (the garden of my uncle) is large. We have seen thy father's horse (the horse of thy father). Have you found my sister's book ? I have received this pen from my aunt. Hast thou received a book from this child? We have lent our book to thy brother. Did you find (have you found) this hat in your garden? We have written a letter to our brother and to our aunt. Thy mother has given a watch to my sister. 37, oncle, uncle 1'oncle, the uncle enfant, child 1'enfant, the child ami, friend (m.) 1'ami, the friend (m.) amie, friend (f.) 1'amie, the friend (f.) homme, man 1'homme, the man arbre, tree 1'arbre, the tree 1'oncle is used instead of le oncle 1'amie is used instead of la aruie 1'homme is used instead of le homme riche, rich jeune, young pauvre, poor malade, sick" ill encore, still, yet, again L'ami dc mon pere est riche. J'ai vu 1'amie de votre mere. Cet homme est 1'ami de mon oncle. L'enfant de cet homme est malade. Cet enfant est encore jcunc. L'oncle de mon ami est tres-richc. Avez-vous vu 1'arbre que mon pere a achete'? Mon onclo a vendu cet arbre a votre pere. L'homme qne vous avez vu, ost tres-pauvrc. Son fils est malade. Mon ami est un homme tres-riche. J';ii donne une plume a ce pauvre en- fant. La tante de ce jeuiie honiwe est malade. ^. 10 38. This poor man is the friend of my brother. I have found thy father's watch (the watch of thy father). Have you given the tree to your uncle ? His sister is young. My son has re- ceived a letter from this man. I think of (to) my horse and (to) my garden. The uncle of that child is very young. The man whom you have seen, is still poor. Where did you buy (have you bought) this hat for your brother? The friend of this young man has received a present. 39. Masculine. Feminine. le voisin, the neighbor la voisine, the neighbor le cousin, the cousin la cousine, the cousin 1'ami, the friend 1'amie, the friend le jardinier, the gardener la jardiniere, the gardener 1'homme, the man la femme, the woman Get homme est notre jardinier. Cette femme est notre jardiniere. Notre voisin est tres-riche. Yotre voisine est une bonne femme. Avez-vous vu mon cousin ? J'ai vu votre cousin et votre cousine. Yotre cousin est 1'ami de mon frere. Ma sceur est 1'amie de votre cousine. La bonne jardiniere a perdu ^on enfant. La voisine de mon oncle a un tr6s-bon fils. Notre jardinier est le pere de cet enfant. La fille de cette pauvre femme est malade. J'ai rcc,u un cadeau de ton cousin. Ma soeur a dcrit une lettre a votre cousine. 40. Our gardener is a good man. Our friend is a good woman. Thy cousin is the friend of my neighbor. My friend is the uncle of -this young man. I have seen this gardener's tree. Our neighbor has a very good son and a very good daughter. Hast thou seen this poor man's child? I have given my penknife to this poor child. 41. Masculine. Feminine. plus utile plus utile more useful plus sage plus sage wiser, better plus joli plus jolie prettier plus grand plus grande larger plus petit plus petite smaller 11 Masculine. Feminine. le mien la mieniie mine le 'tien la tienne thine le sien la sienne his, hers, its le notre la notre ours le votre la votre yours Mon jardin est plus grand quo My garden is larger than le tien. thine. Notre maison est plus grande Our house is larger than que la tienne. thine. sage, wise, good (as to conduct) que, than, as Mon canif est plus joli que le tien. Ma plume est plus grande que la tienne. Notre cheval est plus grand que le votre. ' Ton pere est plus petit que le mien. Le jardiu de votre oncle est plus grand que le notre. Get homme est plus riche que notre pere. Get enfant est plus sage que ton petit frere. Le chapeau de ma soaur est plus joli que le mien. Ce livre est plus utile que le notre. As-tu trouve' un chapeau? Ma sosur a perdu le sien. Notre tante est plus riche que la votre. Notre oncle a un jardin qui est tres-grand, mais le votre est plus grand. Nous avons un livre qui est plus utile que le votre. J'ai donne mon canif a ton frdre; il a perdu le sien. Le fils de notre jardiniere a trouvd une plume dans notre jardin; il a donne la sienne a mon petit frere. Mon frere a donne sa plume a ma cousine, qui a perdu la sienne. 42. Thy house is smaller than mine. Your book is more use- ful than ours. My child is better than thine. I have a garden which is prettier than hers. Have you seen a larger watch than mine? Your neighbor is richer than ours. My pen is larger than thine. I have found a watch, and my brother has lost his. Your cousin has a garden which is larger than mine. His aunt is richer than ours. My bonnet is larger than thine. Wo have a horse which is more useful than yours. 12 43. . facile, easy agreable, agreeable, pleasant difficile, difficult honnete, honest fidele, faithful le chien, the clog la maison, the house le chat, the cat le soleil, the sun la campagne, the country la lime, the moon la ville, the town le theme, the exercise haut fw.J, haute (f.) } high Mon frere est encore jeune. II est plus jeune que votre cousin. Cet horn me est pauvre, mais ce jardinier est encore plus pauvre. Notre tante a une grande maison. Avez-vous vu la maison de notre tante ? Cot enfant est plus sage que ma petite soaur. Ma cousine a un petit chat. J'ai donne* mon petit chien a notre cousin. Le chien est plus fidele que le chat. Votre voisin est pauvre, mais il est honnete. La jardiniere est une tre's-honnete femme. Le soleil est plus grand que la lune. La campagne est tres-agreable. La campagne est plus agre- able que la ville. Notre ville est plus petite que la votre. Mon ami a un petit chien qui est tr&s-fidele. Cet arbre est tres-haut; il est plus haut que le mien. Cette maison est tr6s- haute; elle est plus haute que la votre. Ton theme est plus facile que le notre, mais le theme de mon cousin est tres-difficile. 44. Hast thou seen the mother of this child ? She is very poor; she is poorer than the mother of our gardener. Have you seen my dog ? He is larger than thine. My cousin has also a dog which is very faithful. Thy uncle is richer than ours. This town is very large. We have bought a large house. Thy little brother is very good; he is better than ours. We have an aunt who is very rich. 45. celui Cm.), cello (f.), that Mon chien est plus petit que My dog is smaller (more small) celui de votre ami. than your friencVs (that of your friend). Ta montre est plus petite que Thy watch is smaller than thy celle de ta soeur. sister's (that of thy sister). 13 Ce canif est plus joli que celui de mon frere. Cette montre est plus jolie que celle de votre cousin. Cet arbre est plus haul que celui que nous avons vu dans votre jardin. Mon chapeau est plus petit quo celui de votre sccur. Votre plume est plus grande que celle dc votre ami. Le chicii de votre voisin est plus fidele que celui de notre tante. Ce theme est tres-difficile. Le theme de votre cousin est plus difficile quo le votre, mais celui de ma so3ur est encore plus difficile. La voisine de mon oncle a un petit chien qui est plus fidele que celui de votre jar- dinier, mais le mien est encore plus fidele. Mon theme est plus facile que le tien et que celui de ton frere. IG. The moon is smaller than the sun. The dog is more faithful than the cat. Thy book is more useful than thy cousin's (that of thy cousin). The hat of thy brother is smaller than my father's (that of my father). The house of our gardener is larger than your neighbor's (that of your neighbor) (f.). The friend of our uncle is richer than your brother's (that of your brother). 47. Emilie, Emily Adolphe, Adolphus Henri, Henry Francois, Francis Jean, John Guillaume, William Louis, Louis Louise, Louisa a Bruxelles, to, at, in Brussels a Londres, to, at, jn London a Vienne, to, at, in Vienna aPhiladelphie,fo,a,wP/7a- delphia arrive (m.), arrivee (f.), arrived parti (m.), partie (f.), set out, departed ii est arrive, he has (is) arrived s'appelle, is called elle est arrivee, she has(is) arrived est a, belongs to (is to) Lc fils de notre voisine s'appelle Charles, et sa fillc s'ap- pelle Louise. L'enfant de notre jardinier s'appelle Guillaume. La tante de Ferdinand est arrivee, mais son pere est parti pour Philadelphie. La soeur de Louis est tres-sage. Jo pense a Jean 14 et a Louis. La soeur de Louise a dcrit une lettre a Emilie. Fran- qois a recju cette plume d'un jeune homme qui s'appelle Jean Henri a donne son livre a Ferdinand et sa plume a Joseph. Le cousin de Jean est parti pour Paris. Le chien de Charles est plus fidele que celui de Francois. Nous avons donnd notre petit chat a Guillaumc. Ce canit'est a Adolphe, et cette plume est a Jean. Notre tante est a Paris. Mon cousin est a Vienno. Ce jeur.e homme est de Bruxelles. Notre ami est de Baltimore. 4:8. Josephine has lost her bonnet. Hast thou found Henry's penknife? John's father is very good. Charles's garden is smaller than mine. Joseph's friend has (is) set out. My cousin has arrived. -We have received a letter from Louis; he is in London. Have you seen John and Ferdinand? We have written a letter to our friend at (of) Boston. 49. Singular. Plural. le pere, the father les peres, the fathers la mere, the mother les meres, the mothers 1'enfant, the child les enfants, the children 1'homme, the man les homines, the men bon (m.), bonne (f.) bonsfraj, bonnes (/.j, good content (m ,, contcntc (f, petit (m.), petite (f.) petits (m. ), petites C/J, little le (m.) t la (f.) les, the sont, are Mes freres sont arrives. My brothers have (are) arrived. Mes sojurs sont arrivdes. My sisters have (are) arrived. , la fleur, the Jloiuer toujours, alivays la pommc, the apple sont a, belong to (are to) la poire, the pear il aime, he loves, he likes la cerise, the cherry sou vent, often Les p6res sont bons, ct les meres sont bonnes aussi. Les livres de mon oncle sont utiles. Les plumes de ma soeur sont petites. Les enfants de cct homme sont tres-sages. Les sosurs dc mon ami sont bonnes. Avez-vous vu les livres *. Both Genders. notre notrt nos-, our votre votre vos, your le notre la notre les notres, ours le votre la votre les votres, yours triste, sad Avez-vous vu nos freres et nos soeurs? J'ai vu vos cousins et vos cousiues. Ou sont nos livres et nos plumes? J'ai perdu vos livres et les notres. Mon frere a trouve mes livres et les votres. Nous avons arrosd nos fleurs. Avez-vous aussi arrosd les votres? Yotre soeur est partie cette semaine. Mon pere et ma mere sont malades. Ces enfants sont tres-tristes. Mes cousins sont arrives. Vos jardins sont plus grands que les notres. Notre ville est plus petite que la votre. Nos sceurs Bont plus jeunes que les votres. Tes freres sont les amis de mes cousins. Je pense souvent a vos freres. J'ai achetd trois canifs pour les enfants de notre cousin. Ou sont vos soeurs ? Elles sont a Philadelphie. Et vos freres? Us sont partis pour St. Louis. 56. My children are very ill. Our friends are very sad. I have seen thy flowers. Hast thou found my books and my pens ? I have written a letter to thy brothers. We have re- ceived two letters from our cousins who are in Paris. Thy uncle has watered his flowers and ours. I have given to this poor child my pens and thine. My father has sold his dogs and mine. 57. Singular. Plural ce, cet (m.), this, that ces, these, those cette (f.), this, that ces, these, those ce bouquet, this nosegay ces bouquets, these nosegays cet arbre, this tree ces arbres, these trees cette rose, this rose ces roses, these roses un franc, a franc (= tiuenty cente) sur, on. upon avec, with 19 Ces jardins et ces maisons sont a ma tante. Ces porames eL ces poires sont a mes sceurs. Ces bouquets sont grands. Ces enfants sont t res-sages; ils out une bonne mere. Ou avez- vous "achete ces roses ? Nous avons trouve ces livres sur cette table. Ma tante a donne deux francs a ces pauvres enfants. Ils sont arrives avec ce jeune homme. Ces cerises sont pour vos freres. Avez-vous vu mes fils et mes filles ? Ces deux homines sont freres. Ces deux femmes sont sceurs. J'ai achete ces tables et ces chaises pour ma fille. Ces petits arbres sont a notre voisin. Ces deux grandes maisons sont a notre oncle. J'ai trouve' ces fleurs dans votre jardin. Ces enfants sont tristes ; la mere de ces enfants est tres-malade. Yos fils sont plus sages que les miens, mais mes filles sont plus sages que les votres. J'ai requ ces pom mes de notre jardinier, et ces poires de notre jardiniere. 58. These pens are good. These trees are high. I have given these books to my friend. Hast thou watered these roses ? These children are better than the sons of our neigh- bor. These books are more useful than ours. These pears and apples belong to iny brother. We have bought these trees. This poor woman has seven children, four sons and three daughters. We have received these cherries from these children. These nosegays are very large. 59. Singular. Plural. tout (m.) toute (f.) tous (m.) toutes (f.) all tout le monde. everybody tous les hommes, all men (all the world) toutes les femmes, all women toute la ville, the whole tous les jours, every day (all city the days) le monde, the world la nuit, the night la tcjrre, the earth, land la prairie, the meadow Dieu, God envoye, sent cre'e, created pleure', cried, wept mi 01, a crown, a dollar 20 J'aime tous les hommes. Tous mes amis sont partis pour la campagne. Tous ces jardins et toutes ces prairies sont a ma tante. Cette femme a perdu tous ses enfants. J'ai perdu tous mes livres et toutes mes plumes. Notre jardinier a perdu sa bonne m6re; il a pleure toute la nuit. Dieu a cree toute la terre. Avez-vous arrose' tous ces petits arbres et toutes ces fleurs ? Le jardinier a arrosd tout le jardin. Tous ces themes sont faciles. Mon cousin a pr^te" tous ces livres a Henri. Louise a perdu toutes ses plumes. Avez-vous dent toutes ces lettres ? Ma tante a envoys' trois dcus a cette pauvre femme. Elle a donnd toutes ces pommes et toutes ces poires a ces enfants. Nous avons achete' toutes ces cerises. 60. My father has sold all his dogs. We have sold all our gardens. I have lost all my friends. All these books belong to our neighbor. I love all these children. I think every day of (to) Louis and (to) Charles. Where did you buy (have you bought) these penknives ? I have seen the whole house. All our letters have arrived (arrivees). Charles is departed with all his friends. We have found all these apples in the garden of our neighbor. Everybody loves flowers. 61. la mere, the mother 1'enfant, the child ( of the mother ( of the child de la mere < the mother's de 1'enfant < the child's (from the mother (from the child a la m6re, to the mother a 1'enfant, to the child le roi, the king la reine, the queen 1'argent (m.), the money, silver La m6re de la reine est bonne. Le jardinier a achete' quatre chaises pour le jardin. J'ai pretd mon canif a 1'ami de ton frere. Nous avons recju un petit chien de la mere de cet enfant. Votre onclo a dcrit une lettre a la soeur de notre voisin. Le roi a envoyd un cheval a la reine. J'ai re^u toutes ces fleurs de la jardiniere. Les enfants de la jardiniere sont malades. Je pense a 1'amie de notre sosur. Henri a donnd son argent a 1'enfant de cette pauvre femme. Le chien est utile a 1'homme. 21 Ce jardin est a 1'oncle de mon ami. Ces prairies sont a la tante de ce jeune horn me. Nous avons vendu notre cheval a 1'ami de notre voisin. L'argent de 1'enfant est perdu. 62. Have you given the apple to Henry's aunt? My mother's flower is very pretty. The horse is useful to (the) man. The sister of the queen is very ill. Have you written to the friend of the gardener (f.)1 The father of the child is poor. My neighbor's tree is higher than yours. The friend of the man has (is) set out from Paris. My neighbor has received a pre- sent from his brother. My mother has received all these cherries from the aunt of her neighbor. This watch belongs to John's uncle. My sister has been crying (has cried) all night. 63. le pere, the father le soldat, the soldier fof the father ( of the soldier the fathers du soldat, -j the soldier's from the fatlier (from the soldier au p6re, to the father au soldat, to the soldier k du is used instead of de le; au is used instead of a. le. la loi, the law la vie, (the) life le peuple, the people le bonhcur, (the) happiness la partie, the part le malheur, (the) misfortune court fmj, courte (f.), short Un bon pere aime ses enfants. Le frere du roi est arrive". Avez-vous vu le jardin du roi ? La vie de 1'homme est courte. Mon livre est tres-court. Charles a donne cinq e'cus a cette pauvro femme. Le jour est une partie de la semaine. La semainc est une partie du mois. La terrc est une petite partie du monde. Le chien est 1'ami de I'hommc. Les malheurs de ces hommes sont grands. Les enfants du jardinier sont tres-sages. J'ai donne" /m petit chien au fils du soldat. As-tu regu se canif du jardinier? Ce cheval est au voisin de mon oncle. Le bon- heur de la vie est court. Mon cousin a vendu sa maison au ire're de notre voisin. Ma sceur a donnd tout son argent a 1'enfant de cette femme. Les bonnes lois font le bonheur du peuple. Je pense toujours au malheur de mon ami. 22 64. I am always thinking of (to) the happiness of my child. My friend's sister has seen the gardener's meadow. I have given a book to the brother of my friend (m.). My brother has bought a present for his friend's child (for the child of his friend). These trees belong to the son of our gardener. The month is a part of the year. The earth is larger than the moon. We have sold the garden and (the) house to my cousin's friend (to the friend of my cousin). Thy sister is a friend of mine (one of my friends). The poor man whom I have seen is the son of the gardener. The dog is faithful to man. 05. ies arbres, the trees des arbres, of or from the trees aux arbres, to the trees des is used instead of de Ies; aux is used instead of ii leg. Un bon fils est le bonhcur du pre. Les chiens sont Ies amis des hommes. Ces arbres sont aux fils du jardinier. J'ai donnd mes livres aux filles de cette pauvre femme. Le cheval est utile aux hommes. Les enfants des pauvres sont Bouvent plus contents que Ies enfants des riches. Nous avons rec,u toutes ces fleurs du fils du jardinier. Ma sosur a rec,u ces lettres des amies de Louise. Nous avons dent aux amis de notre cousin. Ma mere a donne* huit e'cus aux pauvres. Ma tante a envoys' vingt francs aux enfants de la jardiniere. 6Y>. The brother of the soldier is ill. The sister of the gar- dener is very short. I have given my flowers to the son of the gardener. That man has bought a horse for his son. We have received this present from the mother of this child. Have you written a letter to the brother of our neighbor? I think always of (to) your father's friend. This house belongs to thy friend's uncle. I love the children of my neighbor. Thy sisters have given a dollar to the poor. The children of the poor are often very contented. (The) good children are the happiness of the father and (of the) mother. We have given our money to the children of these poor persons (pauvres). 23 67. peu, little peu de pain, little bread peu, few peu d'hommes, few men beaucoup, much beaucoup de vin, much wine beaucoup, many beaucoup do livres, many books plus, more plus de vin, more ivine plus, more plus de pommes, more apples assez, enough assez de biere, beer enough assez, enough assez de cerises, cherries enough J le pain, the bread 1'eau f/J, the water le beurre, the butter la biere, the beer la viande, the meat le the', the tea le vin, the wine mange, eaten donnez-moi, give (to) me bu, drunk Cet homme a beaucoup d'argent. Mon ami a plus d'argent quo nous. Avez-vous beaucoup de vin ? Donnez-moi un peu de biere. J'ai assez de pain. As-tu assez de viande? Nous avons peu de beurre. Nous avons beaucoup de pommes. Nous avons mange peu de cerises. Mes soeurs ont achete beaucoup de poires. Donnez cet argent a cette pauvre femme. Donnez un peu de the a ce malade. Donnez un peu d'eau a ce pauvre malade. Cet homme a beaucoup de flours dans son jardin. Mon frere a plus de livres que le tien, mais ton frere a plus de plumes que le mien. Cet homme est un bon p6re; il a donne' beaucoup d'argent aux pauvres. Ce pauvre homme a peu d'amis, mais il a beaucoup de chiens et de chats. Cette m6re a beaucoup d'enfants. Henri a vu plus de villes que nous. 68. Give me a little bread. Have you eaten cherries enough ? We have few pears in the house. My brothers have sold more apples than you. Have you much beer ? Hast thou meat enough ? Your father has more trees in his garden than we. The dog has drunk water enough. The cats have eaten much meat. The son and the daughter of my friend have more money than you. My sister has more pens than thine. Thy father has drunk little wine. 6*9. autant, as much j'ai autant de pain que vous, / have. as much (of) bread as you autant, as many j'ai autant de plumes que vous, / have as many pens as you trop, too much trop de papier, too much paper trop, too many trop d'arbres, too many trees eombien? how much ? combien de viande? how much meat? conibien? how many? combien de poires? how many pears ? moms, less moms de beurre, less butter moins, fewer moiiis de maisons, fewer houses tant, so much tant de the, so much tea tant, so many tant de pommes, so many apples le fromage, the cheese le poivrc, the pepper le sel, the salt la moutarde, the mustard Mon pere a autant de livres que vous. Yous avez moins de plumes que mon frere. Get enfant a trop de vin. Donnez-rnoi un peu dc fromage. Avez-vous assez de sel ct de poivre ? J'ai donne" un peu de moutarde a Henri. II a bu trop de biere. Combien d'cnfants avez-vous? J'ai six enfants; quatre fils et deux filles. Notre voisin a moins d'eufants que vous: il a deux fils et une fille. II y a beaucoup d'arbres dans ce jardin. Les hommes qui sont contents, sont riches. Peu d'hommes sont contents. Le pauvre a peu d'amis. As-tu autant d'argent que nous? J'ai moins d'argent que vous, mais j'ai plus de livres que vous. Donnez au tils de la jardiniere le canif que vous avez recju de ma sceur; il a perdu le sien. Nous avons tant d'amis! 70. How many dogs have you ? I have two dogs. Have you as many trees as my friend ? This man has drunk too much wine. My father has as many apples as you. Give me a little salt. I have less bread than you; but I have more cheese (than you). Our neighbor has fewer children than the soldier. Henry has written as many exercises as his brother. William has received more letters than you. Give a little wine to this poor woman. John has eaten too much mustard and pepper. Give (to) the daughter of the soldier the cat that you have received from your uncle. She has lost hers. My son has as many dogs as thine. 25 71. le morceau, the piece la tasse, the cup le verre, the glass une aune, an ell la bouteille, the bottle une paire, a pair la livre, the pound une douzaine, a dozen le quintal, m - & f' volontiers, willingly votre, vos, your le, la votre, les votres, yours voulu, wished vous, you, to you vous en, some to you vous le, it to you vous les, them to you vrai, vraie, true vu, seen Y. y, there, thither, within, to it, to them J04 2. ENGLISH AND FRENCH VOCABULARY, containing all English words occurring in this book, with their meanings, but only as used in the English Exercises. a, an, un, une active, actif, active Adolphus, Adolphe to advance, avancer to advise, conseiller (the) affection, la passion Africa, 1'Afrique (f.) after, apres again, encore against, contre the age, I'age (m.) ago, depuis agreeable, agreable all, tout, toute; tous, toutes; tout already, dejk also, aussi to alter, changer always, toujours America, 1'Amerique (f.) amiable, aimable among, entre and, et (the) anger, la colere the animal, 1'animal, lesanimaux (m.) to answer, repoudre any, en the appetite, 1'appetit (m. ) the apple, la pomme; some apples, any apples, des pommes April, Avril (m. ) are, sont, somuies, etes arrived, arrive, arrivee as, que, car, aussi ;a many, as much, autant Asia, 1'Asie (.) to ask, ask for, denmnder at, k ; at the time when, lorsque ; at the house of, chez; at the baker's, chez le boulanger; at my father's, chez mon pere; to or at my house, chez moi August (month), Aout (m.) Hit' aunt, la tante Australia, 1'Australie (f.) B. bad, mauvais, mauvaise the baker, le boulanger; at the baker's, chez le boulanger the banker, le banquier to bark, aboyer the basket, la corbeille to be, etre, se porter; to be amused, s'amuser; to be called, s'appeier; to be mistaken, se tromper ; to be named, s'appeier; to be rejoiced, se rejouir; to be well, se porter bien to beat, battre beautiful, beau, bel, belle because, parce que been, ete the beer, la biere before, avant to beg, demander to begin, commencer (I) believe, (je) crois belong, sont a; belongs to, est k the benefit, le bien the best, le meilleur, la meilleure; the best man intown, le meilleur homme de la ville better, meilleur, meilleure 105 between, entre the bird, 1'oiseau, lea oiseaux (m.) ihe birthday, la fete to bite, mordre black, noir, noire to blame, blamer the body, le corps the bonnet, le chapeau, les chapeaux the book, le livre the bookseller, le libraire the boot, la botte ihe bottle, la bouteille bought, achete the box, la boite, le cofire, la malle ihe branch, le rameau, les rameaux the bread, le pain; some bread, any bread, du pain; some, any 'joodbread, de bon pain to bring, mener, apporter io bring up, clever the brother, le frere ; to my brother's, chez mon frere Brussels, Bruxellea io build, batir the business, le commerce, 1'affaire (f.) but, mais the butter, le beurre to bty, acheter C. io call, appeler ; is called, s'appelle the cane, la canne to carry, porter; to carry one's self, to be, BO porter the castle, le chateau, les chateaux the cat, le chat to cede, cecler to celebrate, celeTwer ihe chair, la chaise to change, changer ihe cheese, le fromage tin cherry, la cerise the child, l'enfant(m. & .); some child- ren, any children, des enfants the chocolate, le chocolat to choose, choisir Christian, Chretien the church, 1'eglise (f.) to dean, nettoyer clean, propre the doth, le drap; some good doth, de bon drap; some blue doth, du drap bleu coarse, gros, grosse the coat, 1'habit (m.) the coffee, le cafe cold, froid, froide the color, la cotdeur come, venu, venez to come down, descendre to complete, achever the concert, le concert contented, content, contents the copy-book, le cahier to correct, corriger to cost, couter the country, la campagne the country-seat, le chateau, les chi- teaux the cousin (m. &f.), le cousin, la cousine the cravat, la cravate created, cree cried, pleure a crovm (coin}, un ecu cruel, cruel, cruelle to cry, pleurer the cup, la tasse the daughter, la fille the day, le jour, la journee (the) death, la mort to deceive one's self, se tromper December, Decembre (m.) the defect, le defaut to defend, defendre to demand, demander departed, parti, partie to descend, descendre to desire, desirer differently, autrement 10Q tifficuM, difficile diligent, applique", appliqnfe to dirty, salir to divide, partager to do (his duty), remplir; do, faites the dog, le chien the dollar, I'ecu (m.) the door, la porte the dozen, la douzaine the dress, la robe, l'habit(m.) to dress one's self, sliabiller 'drunk, bu dry, sec, seche to dry up, essuyer during, pendant the duty, le devoir to duett, demeurer E. each year, chaque annee the earth, la terra easy, facile to eat, manger eaten, mange to educate, clever educated, eleve to efface, effacer eight, huit eighteen, dix-huit the eighteenth, le, la dix-huitieme the eighth, le, la huitieme the eightieth, le, la quatre-vingtieme eighty, quatre-vingte eighty-one, quatre-vingt-un the eleventh, le, la onzieme the eU, 1'aune (f.) Emily, Emilie to employ, employer to end, achever English, 1'anglais the engraving, I'estampe () enough, assez th estate, le bien E>irope. 1'Earope (f.) the evening, le soir. la soiree; all the evening, toute la soiree every body, tout le monde; every day, tons les jours; every thing, tout- every year, chaque annee the evil, le mal, les maux to exaggerate, exagerer excellent, excellent, excellente the exercise, le thems F. faithful, fidele false, faux, fausse the family, la famille the fashion, la mode; fashionable, in the fashion, a la mode the f other t le pere; at my father , chez mon pere the fault, la faute, le defaut the feast, la fete Itibruary, Fe\-rier (m.) few, pen; fewer, moins fierce, cruel, cruelle fifteen, quinze the fifteenth, le, la quinzieme the fifth, le, la cinquieme the fiftieth, le, la cinquantieme fifty, cinquante tofiU, remplir to find, trouver (he) finds, (il) trouve fine, beau, bel, belle; fin, fin* to finish, finir finished, fini the fire, le feu, les feux the first, le premier, la premiere the fish, le poisson five, cinq the flock, le troupeau, les troupeaux the flour, la farine the flower, la fleur; some or any beauti- ful flowers, de belles flours the flute, la flute for, car, pour, pendant to forbid, dcfendre to forget, oublier 107 **fork, la fourchette formerly, autrefoia the fortieth, le, la quarantieme a fortnight, quinze jours fortunate, heureux, heureuse the fortune, la fortune, le bleu forty, quarante found, trcnve four, quatre fourteen, quatorze the fourteenth, le, la quatorzieme the fourth, le, la quatrieme a franc, un franc (twenty cents) Francis, Francois French, le francais fresh, frais, fraiche Friday, vendredi (m.) the friend (m. &f.), 1'ami, 1'amie the friendship, 1'amitie (f.) to frighten, effrayer the fruit, le fruit; some good fruit, de bons fruits; some ripe fruit,des fruits mw^ , reiuplir the game, le jeu, les jeux the garden, le jardiu the gardener (m. &f.), le jardinier, la jardiniere the garment, 1'habit (m.) the general, le general, les generaux gentle, doux, douce this gentleman, ce monsieur gently, doucement to get up, se lever the girl, la fille to give, donner, ceder to give back, rendre give (to) me, donnez-mo5 given, donne the glass, le verre thf glove, le gant ^ go, allez to go back, retourner to go to brf. se coucher the goat, la chevre God, Dieu Godfrey, Godefroi gone, alle, allee gone away, parti, partie gone out, sorti, sortie good, bon, bonne; sage; the good will, les bontes (f.), the good, that which is right, le bien the gown, la robe the grandmother, la grand' mere great, grand, grande green, vert, verte to grieve, s'affliger to guide, mener the guitar, la guitare had, eu a (singk) hair, un cheveu; the hair, les cbeveux half, demi, demie; half a dozen, demi- douzaine; half past twelve, midi et demi the /tarn, le jambon the hand, la main to happen, arriver (the) happiness, le bonheur happy, heureux, heureuse has, a hast, as the hat, le chapeau, les chapeaux (Ijhave, (j')i; (we) have, (nous) avons; (you) have, (vous) avez he, il, lui; he finds, il trouve; he likes, loves, il aime; he makes, il fait; he sells, il vend the head, la tete heavy, lourd, lourde Henry, Henri her, son, sa, ses ; her, la, ell; to her, lui; of her, en; herself, se here, ici; here is, here are, void hers, le sien, la sienne; les riens, lea siennes hiyh, haut, hautf 108 him, le, lui; to him, lui; of him, en; himself, se his, son, sa, ses; le sien, lasienne; les siens, les siennes honest, honnete to hope, esperer the fiorse, le cheval, les chevaux the hour, 1'heure (f.) the house, la maison how, comment? how many , combien ? how much, combien? how long, depuis quand? a hundred, cent a hundred and one, cent un the hundred-weight; le quintal, les quintaux the hundredth, le, la centieme to hurry, se hater the hyena, 1'hyene (f.) I. /, je, moi; J am right, j'ai raison; I am wrong, j'ai tort; / like, I love, j'aime; I speak, je parle; I think of you, je pense a vous idle, paresseux, paresseuse if, si; if. .not, si. .ne (pas) if you please, s'il vous plait ignorant, ignorant, ignorante ill, malade immortal, immortel, immortelle in, dans, a, en; in a little lime, dans peu de temps industrious, laborieux, laborieuse gorf ses. Steiyer's German Heading and Script Charts 25 plates, 17 X 24", printed on heavy white paper, mus- lin-lined on top, each plate with 2 rings. With a Guide to Pronunciation of German. Price, net $1.50 (postage $0.18 extra). Mounted on binder's board, net $4.50 varnished, net $5.50 (Separately: Plates 21-25. The German Alphabet in large Script and Type. Price, net $0.75 Mounted on binder's board, net $1.50 varnished, net $1.75 Plate 25. Tl\e German Alpltabet in large Type (size like a herewith shown). Price, net $0.15 These Charts are especially suitable for teaching German Reading in classes; they are based upon titeiger's Abridged Practical Course of German Grammar and Conversation, By JOSEPH DEGHTJEE. Complete in one volume. Cloth $1.30 J^~ For the sake of convenience as well as economy (with regard to use in classes) this book is also issued in 3 small divisions, each with a vocabulary, German-English and English-German, of all words occurring therein. These divisions are Number One. Boards $0.45 Number Two. Boards $0.4v. Number Three. Boards $0.65 Owing to its superior merits Steiger's Abridged Practical Course has been largely introduced into public schools, where it is being used with signal success. Specimen-pages will be mailed free upon application. E. STEIGEK & CO., 49 Murray St. NEW YOKE 3 115801028 5590 of German Books in America. BUM* A 000 030 307 3 for Classes and Libraries a Specialty of our Stock. Books for the Study of all Foreign Languages and for Foreigners to study English. Large Stock of German Books at Reduced Prices. Second-hand copies of Books in all Languages and Departments procured abroad, if not on hand. Object Teaching and Nature Study Charts, Geographical, Historical, Physical and Celestial Maps, Charts and Atlases. KINDERGARTEN, BASKETRY and MANUAL TRAINING MATERIAL and BOOKS BOOKS, PERIODICALS, Maps etc. IMPORTED from all countries. American Books and Periodicals EXPORTED to all countries. Particular attention invited to the 30 Catalogs and Lists of German and other Books etc., which we keep on hand. Prompt replies given to all inquiries. K. Steiger & Co., 49 Murray St . New York. X. -Lat'jrt Gcmc-.a Ortho^ t iphy. grIHI,- r t kofci:.k>'V Kg" Iht iL.ilovin^ L ttdixtreitinjrof tH< '..-.test 1- t> Hi . G'l-niti ' "nnj nnrf. Mflfti (hurts. '" j>' l- '. ^ ji ' a Gu'-'.i' if fronunn-:' 'ton 't' ''- '"'" SJ - 5 '"-'* 1 - Mi'i.i: ' I.T'S boards. $1 /in .j, t vaniis. ed S5.W uet. VKHrnrS Kmiinientit of C,< i-inun [ <,()/<./(. niMf"-fltfii4. By I JO^-T.-'. i>eK'.iiu-e. Fust P:irt. Bo.irds $0.35 | . ,S, 'oud Part. L'oards $0.4(' i,-ii"1jt. f-iin 11. Modern German (1 > 11 n- 1>'"iks i.ve issncd -w th .' : i th:it li ! 0-: I Chili! si *.r<;w/i .> ''. ././.< / '.-;..,':'.. rrtiui. fl-i'il: T'.c;i 'i ho?'; '2 i>ii"k~ md to, .- ai.n --- Un li.il'nts <> >i< ' >!" First" <;'!, H.,. .<:>!! 'ti'iil, . R"; U<- lii- .1. f tit. ' '-umn. J*n- r ..,i"f/'.s. . . > IIU'S'/VM. ? :i: ', / ii.-'l' '.' i , ; rH ti.\- //:>% *s ."M-K a<4- i a, /."./ (Aiin-Hci. /'/... i a '-'t.itrl' *.cr//.. in ^ri<,,;.; L- 13 r> t ,-t. --- Secoml i , Supplementa-f Re dinp. \ s - out' '' '.' > .^ //." '> - German and E^lisa Di-.iic:.