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 w
 
 THE ANALYTICAL READER: 
 
 O 
 
 Isr 
 
 ^ 
 
 A. 
 
 SHot^T JWetHod 
 
 FOR 
 
 LEARNING TO READ AND WRITE CHINESE, ^ 
 
 BY 
 
 M. H. p. /IDartin, H).H)., XX.ID., 
 
 President Emerihis of the Imperial Tung-wen College. 
 
 d Shanghai : 
 
 Printed at the Presbyterian Mission Press. I ) 
 
 1897.
 
 THE RIGHT OF REPRINTING RESERVED.
 
 1117 
 MSC ^ 
 
 Pt^EFRCE. 
 
 7T new edition of this little manual has long been called for ; 
 but the author has not been willing to have it re-issued 
 without a thorough revision. 
 
 In undertaking the task of preparing it for the press, he 
 has been encouraged by the assurances that to those who have 
 given it a trial, it has fulfilled its promise of shortening a 
 weary road and lightening a heavy burden. 
 
 Improvements have been effected in several particulars. 
 
 1. Many errors have been corrected — quos aut incuria 
 Judit, aut humana parum cavit natura. 
 
 2. The pronunciation, originally in current Mandarin, has 
 been modified, so as to bring it into conformity with the dialect 
 of Peking. 
 
 3. In the first edition no tones were marked except in the 
 vocabulary. In this the Peking^tonal system is introduced into 
 the text as well. 
 
 4. The number of explanatory notes has been considerably 
 increased. 
 
 The Chinese text, I may here state, is printed in a separate 
 form for the use of schools. 
 
 As a selection of characters it has met with much favor ; 
 but I regret to say that its utility as a spelling book has not 
 often been put to the test. This new edition will, I trust, 
 lead missionaries to renew the experiment in the schools under 
 their care. 
 
 I conclude with an extract from the Preface to the first 
 edition, published in 1863 : — 
 
 563230 
 
 ORIENTAL
 
 "This book makes no pretension to superseding other 
 manuals. It occupies a field of its own, and proposes to 
 supply beginners with an additional help, the nature of Avhich 
 is explained in the following pages. 
 
 " In reference to one of its features I may adopt the 
 words in which Professor Pauli speaks of the key to his 
 Analecta Hebraica, * It contains a literal translation of all the 
 words according to their order ; and the author hopes it will 
 greatly assist the beginner, particularly as the finding of words 
 in the lexicon is not only a tedious operation, but a very dis- 
 couraging task, at the first setting out in the study of the 
 language.' " 
 
 W. A. P. M. 
 
 Andubon Park, 
 
 New York City, 
 
 February 24th, 1896.
 
 CO^^TEflTS. 
 
 PART I- THE METHOD. 
 
 Sec. I. Selection of Characters. 
 
 „ II. Analysis oj Characters. 
 
 „ III. Remarks on the Translation. 
 
 „ IV. Mode of Study, 
 
 „ V. Use in schools, 
 
 PART II— TEXT AND TRANSLATION. 
 
 Containing characters for treating the following subjects : — 
 
 Chap. I. Creation, Fall, Eedemption, 
 
 Chap. II. Christ's Advent, Baptism, Temptation, Preaching, 
 Doctrines, Disciples, Ordinances, Miracles, Pro- 
 phecies, Last Days. 
 
 Chap. III. Accountability, Diligence, Youth, Manhood, Schol- 
 ars, Husbandmen, Artisans, Merchants, Family, 
 Officers, Good Works, Retribution, Remembrance 
 of Christ. 
 
 Chap. IV. Meteorology, Geography, Time, Hills and Waters, 
 Classes of Men, Architecture, Dress, Utensils, 
 Precious Stones, Music, Botany, Natural His- 
 tory, Memento Mori, Virtue and Vice. 
 
 PART III—ANALYSIS. 
 
 Characters Analyzed. 
 
 Table of Elements. 
 
 Exercises in Various Styles of Handwriting. 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Table of Radicals. 
 Vocabulary.
 
 PART L— THE METHOD. 
 
 For euphony's sake I h.ave called it Short, though in strict- 
 ness the adjective ought to have been placed in the comparative 
 degree. There is no positively short road to an acquaintance 
 with Chinese. But the method explained and illustrated in the 
 following pages proposes, in some measure, to abridge the labor. 
 
 This it effects in two ways — 
 
 First, by furnishing the student with precisely those char- 
 acters which he needs to know ; 
 
 Secondly^ by laying them open to the eye and impressing 
 them on the memory. 
 
 In neither of these respects does it lay claim to entire origi- 
 nality, nor is it a doubtful experiment. It treads in a safe path, 
 at the entrance of which the natives have planted finger-boards, 
 though they have not pursued it quite as far as we propose to 
 venture. 
 
 They discovered the magnetic needle ; it was reserved for 
 others to use it in crossing the ocean. They analyze with beauti- 
 ful simplicity a few scores of family names — we seize the hint and 
 launch into the sea of words, confident that it shows us the way 
 to the further shore. They select a thousand characters as a 
 capital for beginners ; and with a view to aiding the memory 
 combine them into verse. We borrow the idea, and duly acknowl- 
 edging our obligation, proceed, as we believe, to improve upon it. 
 Their thousand were taken at random ; we take twice the number 
 and select them by a regular process, which required years of 
 painstaking. They govern the distribution by no laws but those 
 of metre. We too arrange them in verse ; but dispose them in 
 such a manner that they are presented to the learner in a steady 
 gradation, according to the frequency of their occurrence. These, 
 and other leading features, require further elucidation. 
 
 I. The Selection of Characters. 
 
 Many years ago, while residing at Ningpo, I commenced a 
 volume on a plan somewhat similar to that of the present work. 
 Its progress was interrupted by a voyage to America ; but when 
 I returned I was enabled to resume the task on a better basis. 
 At first I had been guided in the selection of characters by no 
 surer rule than thejudgmentof a Chinese scribe, who culled them
 
 ANAI.VIKAI, CK.M'lilC. 
 
 from thf> pages fvf K'aiig-lii's Dictionary. \ was now favored 
 witli a list;, fornied ou s<;ieiitific priiKuplc.s, in wliicli every 
 character wiis placed with numerical precision according to the 
 frequency of its use. 
 
 For tliis I was indel)tod to Mr. Wra. Gamble, Superinten- 
 dent of the Presbyterian j\Iission Press. 
 
 Mr. Gamble prepared it for a purpose very different from 
 mine, viz., to ascertain the proportion in which the several 
 letters would be required in casting a font of metallic type 
 and to determine in what order the types should be arranged, 
 so as to bring those in most common use nearest to the hand 
 of the compositor. Both of these ends it succeeded in effecting — 
 preventing a waste of metal in casting useless type, and increas- 
 ing the rapidity of "composition." It occurred to me that a 
 collection arranged with such elaborate care might be adapted 
 to a higher end — to save the time expended in learning rare or 
 useless characters, and abbreviate for foreign students, or Chinese 
 pupils, the tedious task of acquiring the written language. The 
 process by which these tables were (constructed is well stated by 
 Mr. Gamble in an " Introduction," the greater part of which 
 I take the liberty of transcribing for the sake of the information 
 it contains. 
 
 " In order to the better understanding of the following lists 
 of selected characters it is necessary to give some explanation 
 of the manner in which they have been prepared and of the 
 object wdiich has been kept in view in their preparation. 
 
 " When the art of printing first sprung up in the Western 
 world, printers found it necessary to compute the relative fre- 
 quency with which each letter of the alphabet occurred in order 
 to ascertain how many type of each sort it would be necessary 
 to cast, so that there should not be too many of one letter and 
 too few of another. Thus for ordinary English book work the 
 proportion of each letter in a font are : of e 12,000, of t 9,000, 
 of a 8,500, oi i n and s each 8,000, of r 6,200 ; whde k 
 only occurs 800 times, q 500, ./ and x 400 and z but 200. 
 They also in arranging them in cases, placed those that occurred 
 most frequently in adjoining compartments and near the hand 
 of the compositor, for the purpose of thereby promoting rapidity 
 in the composition or setting up of the type. 
 
 "But in China the use of metallic type has been of such 
 modern date that little has as yet been done towards ascertaining 
 the relative frequency with which characters occur in the general 
 literature of this peculiar language. This remark holds good 
 even with reference to its Christian literature, which is now be- 
 coming pretty extensive and m which those who are engaged in 
 missionary operations are more pariicuiarly interested. In conse-
 
 SELECTION OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 qiience therefore of the want of correct data on which to form a 
 scale, as printers call it, of the characters in the written language, 
 the method hitherto in use of arrano;in(T fonts of Chinese metallic 
 type, has been such that not only have the type themselves taken 
 up much room, but the compositor in going from case to case for 
 each type has unavoidably consumed so much time as thereby 
 to render composition both expensive and tedious. 
 
 " With the view therefore of making some improvement 
 upon the former method of arrangement, as well as of ascertain- 
 ing how many of the 40,919 characters contained in K'ang-hi's 
 Dictionary are in common use, especially in the class of books 
 used and published by those engaged in the missionary work, an 
 examination was made of 4,166 octavo pages, including the whole 
 Bible, together with twenty- seven other publications printed at 
 our press, and embracing in the aggregate nearly one million two 
 hundred thousand characters. In conducting this examination 
 two Chinese scholars were employed for two years each, and it 
 was carried on in such a manner as to secure as much accuracy 
 as possible. The result is shown in the two following lists. 
 
 " The FIRST LIST, which is arranged in the usual manner by 
 Radicals and Strokes, contains every character which occurs in 
 the above mentioned books, amounting in number only to 5,150 
 different characters. The number of times each of these charac- 
 ters occurred is placed opposite to it in figures which, when add- 
 ed together, show an aggregate of 1,166,473 characters. It may 
 here be proper to add that in the Scriptures containing the total 
 number of 676,827 characters there were found 4,141 different 
 ones. In the Old Testament there are in all 503,663 characters 
 and 3,946 different ones; the version used being that printed at 
 the London Mission Press. In the New Testament there are in 
 all 173,164 characters and 2,713 different ones; the version used 
 being that printed at the Presbyterian Mission Press. 
 
 " That so few characters are of general use, as is shown by 
 this statement, may seem somewhat incredible to those who have 
 not examined the sul:)iect, and who, having been accustomed to 
 hear the number of characters in the Chinese languasce stated to 
 be forty to eight}' thousand, suppose that in order to be able to 
 read or translate Chinese books a knowledge of some tens of 
 thousands of characters is absolutely necessary. Our calculations 
 are, however, corroborated by the author of the Chinese work 
 called the "P ^ ^^ ^ ^ Shih san king tdh ts, who states that 
 the f[3 ^ Fo'^?^ Boohs contain 2,328 diflerent characters; the 
 i$^ P'*-^^ Classics contain 2,426 different characters which 
 d.0 not occur in the Four Books, and that the whole number 
 of ditferent characters in the Thirteen Classics is 6,544. This
 
 4 ANALYTICAL RKADKR. 
 
 includes 928 rare or obsolete chtaracters occurring in tlie fJJ ^ 
 Ready Guide, almost all of which might be omitted, thus leaving 
 less than G,000 characters. 
 
 " The SECOND LIST, like the first one, consists of all the char- 
 acters different from each other that are to be found in the total 
 number examined, but here it is intended to exhibit them ar- 
 ranged according to their numerical use, or the relative frequency 
 with which they occur. For this purpose they are divided into 
 Jif teen groups, in each of whicli is contained all the characters 
 occurring between a certain number of times each, as between 
 1,000 and 10,000 times each, between 900 and 1,000 times 
 each, between 800 and 900 times each, and so on of the others. 
 The first group, however, has all those that occurred over 
 10,000 times each ; and the fifteenth group includes the 850 
 mentioned above as taken from another list, which ought 
 properly to be placed in a group by themselves. 
 
 "The group — the number of different characters in each 
 group — their minimum and maximum numbers — together with 
 the total number of times that the characters of each group 
 occurred, is shown in the following table : — 
 
 Group. 
 
 No 
 
 . Different Cha. 
 
 Min. & Max. Nos. 
 
 Totals. 
 
 1st. 
 
 ..•.__ 
 
 13 
 
 . _ 
 
 10,000 
 
 214,156 
 
 2nd. 
 
 . -- — 
 
 224 
 
 1,000. 
 
 10,000 
 
 563,126 
 
 3rd. 
 
 
 
 16 
 
 900- 
 
 1,000 
 
 15,150 
 
 4th. 
 
 •• >-^* 
 
 19 
 
 800- 
 
 900 
 
 16,344 
 
 5th. 
 
 . . — *« 
 
 44 
 
 700- 
 
 800 
 
 32,757 
 
 6th. 
 
 
 
 47 
 
 600- 
 
 700 
 
 31,167 
 
 7th. 
 
 
 
 59 
 
 500- 
 
 600 
 
 32,116 
 
 8th. 
 
 
 
 99 
 
 400- 
 
 500 
 
 44,253 
 
 9th. 
 
 «-•»** 
 
 112 
 
 300- 
 
 400 
 
 38,024 
 
 10th. 
 
 
 
 197 
 
 200- 
 
 300 
 
 47,932 
 
 11th. 
 
 «» — « » 
 
 400 
 
 100- 
 
 200 
 
 56,627 
 
 12th. 
 
 •• V — 
 
 207 
 
 75- 
 
 100 
 
 17,637 
 
 13th. 
 
 «>•>■•» 
 
 301 
 
 50- 
 
 75 
 
 18,508 
 
 14th. 
 
 ^ «•«.» 
 
 547 
 
 25- 
 
 50 
 
 19,497 
 
 15th. 
 
 
 
 3,715 
 
 1_ 
 
 25 
 
 19,036 
 
 6,000 1,166,335 
 
 *' As the result of this investisjation two most important facts 
 to the printer are established. First : that five or six thousand 
 ivell selected characters are sufficient Jor all i^ractical purposes ; 
 which is about one-seventh of what is in the language. This 
 has been long known in China, but appears to have been over- 
 looked by those interested in such matters in Europe. Second :
 
 SELECTION OF CHARACTERS. 5 
 
 that a very few characters, from the great frequency with 
 which they occur, constitute the great body of those in a hook, 
 and that the great majority occur exceedingly seldom. Thus, 
 as already stated, tlie first group has 13 characters, which were 
 found to occur in the whole number examined 214,156 times, 
 which is more than one-sixth of the whole. Again, putting the 
 two first groups together there are 237 characters, whose sum 
 is 777,282, which is considerably more than one-half of the 
 whole. And again, putting the first eight groups together we 
 have 521 characters, whose sum is 949,074, or nearly nine- 
 elevenths of the whole. On the other hand, the last or fifteenth 
 group has (after deducting the 850 which should not be in 
 this group) 2,865 characters, \vhicli were found to occur in the 
 "whole number examiued 19,036 times, or less than one-sixtieth 
 of the whole. And again, if we add the fourteenth and fifteenth 
 groups together we have 3,410 characters, whose sum is 38,533, 
 or only about one-thirtieth of the whole. The character ^ Che 
 alone occurs 42,068 times, which is ofteuer than the sum total 
 of these 3,410 characters. 
 
 '* From a knowledge of these fiicts we have been enabled 
 to arrange a large font of Chinese metallic type in so compact a 
 manner that the compositor can reach any type he wants with- 
 out moving more than a step in any direction ; and by having 
 placed, say five hundred, of the most numerous characters toge- 
 ther he has more than three-fourths of all he uses just under his 
 hand, almost as conveniently as a font of Koman type are ar- 
 ranged in an English printing ofiice. The result of this arrange- 
 ment has been to render the work of the compositor at least three 
 times as rapid and cheap as it could be done under the old ar- 
 rangement of the font." 
 
 It is certain that the proportions of Mr. Gamble's list will hold 
 good, with very little alteration, for the entire range of classical 
 Chinese, all the works examined in preparing them having been 
 based on classic models ; but they would undergo considerable 
 modification if applied to the mandarin dialects. Besides a 
 change in the ratio of frequency, a dozen characters peculiar to 
 the mandarin would require to be added. They not only confirm 
 the observation of that early sinologue, Premare, that "a good 
 knowledge of four or five thousand characters is sufiicient for all 
 ordinary purposes," but furnish us with a safe guide in selecting 
 that limited number. 
 
 A word as to the form in which these characters are mar- 
 shalled. Solon published his laws in verse ; and for the same 
 reason a judicious mother makes rhyme the vehicle of her 
 nursery lessons. We thus remember the length of the months.
 
 6 ANALVTirAI, lll'.ADKIl. 
 
 long lines of kings, and many dotached facts, wliidi miglit long 
 sinci! have heen given to the winds but for the jingling chain 
 that binds them toi;eth(M-. Two senseless syUabli-s impriiit on 
 tht; brain the colors of the. solar spectrum ; and longer but 
 e(|ually senseless words ,s(;rve to fix in memory the classifications 
 of Grammar iind the formulas of Lof/ic. How much more 
 powerful the association when sense, sound and rythm are all 
 combined ! We have then a " three-fold cord not easily 
 broken." With such a bond I have souirht to connect these 
 pearls, collected as it wore from the oceao sands. When secure- 
 ly stored in memory they will prove of inestimable value for 
 future reference. 
 
 The credit of executing the plan is due, in no small degree, 
 to my Chinese scribe, 'f^ ^jfi ^ Ho Sieii-sheng, a bachelor of 
 Nanking, and whatever defects attach to mine, I am sure 
 competent judges will agree that he has performed his part 
 with admirable skill. 
 
 He was placed under more embarrassing restrictions than 
 those impose.'! on themselves by the monkish triflers of the mid- 
 dle ages, or by our own acrostic and alliterative poets of the last 
 two centuries. 
 
 The first law of the composition, as of its native model, the 
 '^ ^ %, Ts'ieii ts iven, was that each word should occur but 
 once. Two or three duplicates do occur, and it will be an 
 interesting exercise to search for them. 
 
 The second, that he should confine himself to two thousand 
 characters previously collected. 
 
 The third, that this limited number was to be subdivided 
 into parcels of a few hundreds each, beyond which he was not 
 at liberty to expatiate. 
 
 With all these disadvantages to contend against, in addition, 
 to the restraints of verse. Ho Slen-sheng has succeeded in 
 producing a poem, the first half of which is almost as lucid and 
 free as it could have been, if the treasures of the Lexicon had 
 been placed at his disposal. The latter part, from the nature 
 of the case, is a little more obscure, but it reflects no le.s3 credit 
 on the ingenuity of the composer, though there is a perceptible 
 want of coherence. 
 
 Even to these detached phrases Ho has striven to impart 
 a religious tinge in keeping with the primary object of the book, 
 which was to serve as a lesson book for children in schools. 
 This will explain the abrupt intrusion of solemn thoughts in 
 places where they are obviously out of joint. 
 
 The author of the IVien ts iven, if tradition is to be believ- 
 ed, might have adopted the language of the Prisoner of Chillon :
 
 ANALYSIS OF CH ARACIKKS. 7 
 
 " My hair is grey ; but iiuL witii years, 
 Nor grew it white 
 In a single night 
 As men's have grown from sudden fears". 
 
 His also "grew white iu a single night", but it was in 
 consequence of the exertion required in arranging in a poetical 
 form a thousand arbitrary words — a task imposed on him by 
 a despotic master. Ho ISien-sheug and I, who only fungor vice 
 cotis, may not exhibit the same outward demonstration of our 
 labors, but we have experienced enough to believe the story of 
 our predecessor in the thorny path.* 
 
 11. The Analysis of Characters. 
 
 The object of this part is two-fold, viz., to introduce the 
 foreign learner to the orthography of the language, and to supply 
 the Chinese with what they have never had — a Spelling Book. 
 
 The want of that elementary manual may excite surprise, 
 but the reason is obvious. Their written lano^uaoe is not, as 
 ours, essentially phonetic ; and the analysis of its sounds affords 
 no clue to the composition of its characters. With us orthoepy 
 and orthography are intimately connected, and mutually aid each 
 other, though they are far from coinciding. In China they 
 altogether part company ; one speaks wholly to the ear, the 
 other addresses itself entirely to the eye. The system oi fan 
 ch'ie j^ 4jT] relates to the former ; the latter, which is incom- 
 parably more difficult, has to be learned without the aid of any 
 system. The dictionary presents each character as a whole, 
 and sometimes gives its component parts by way of conjecture 
 as to its origin ; but a simple manual, which proceeds from the 
 parts to the whole, presenting first the elements, and then the 
 words resulting from their combination, is still a desideratum. 
 
 There is proof too that the want has been felt, at least in 
 one small class of words ; and in the same contracted corner an 
 expedient has sprung up which is worthy of being employed on 
 a more extended scale. Custom requires the Chinese, on meet- 
 ing, to ask each other for their family names ; but many of them 
 being similar in sound, as among ourselves, Lee, Lea, McLean, 
 McLain, MacLane, &c., it was found difficult to understand the 
 answers without some further description. Thus : 
 
 • A native author thus relates the origin of tliafc curious work : 
 
 According to the Tai-ping-kwang-ki, the Emperor Wu, of the Liang dynasty, hav- 
 ing selected from the manuscript of the elder Wang a thousaud characters each on a 
 separate slip with no duplicates, and having purposely mixed them in disorder, called for 
 Cheo Hing-sze and said to him, " You are a man of talent; now turn these into verse 
 for me." Cheo completed the versification in one evening and presented it to His Ma- 
 jesty, but his tiair aud beard had twaed wliite.
 
 ANAI.VnCAL KKADKK. 
 
 Q. What is the ii.-imc of your illustrious fjitnily ? 
 Ans. The name of my igiiuhle line is CItaiuj. 
 Q. IIow is it written 'i 
 
 Ans. It is Stand up early chanp, not lonq how chanf/, 
 i. c, it is the chang composed of j^ and -& '^ot t.hat composed 
 of ^ and -^* it is ^^ not ^^. 
 
 The Clangs and Changs are by this nicaHS distinguished 
 into numerous clans, each wearing its own livery. 
 
 The following surnames and others are thus familiarly 
 analyzed : — 
 
 Family Names Analyzed. 
 
 
 ii 
 
 ^ 
 
 A 
 
 "J 
 
 M 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^g 
 
 '^■ 
 
 m 
 
 It 
 
 -fr. 
 
 ■?• 
 
 r^^* 
 
 -^ 
 
 pa 
 
 4=- 
 
 11^ 
 
 A 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 M 
 
 W 
 
 ^ 
 
 * 
 
 i=- 
 
 ^ 
 
 iL 
 
 M 
 
 
 m 
 
 ^ 
 
 li 
 
 * 
 
 <ir 
 
 4» 
 
 yK 
 
 T 
 
 tl 
 
 n 
 
 ^ 
 
 -M 
 
 jK 
 
 M 
 
 
 1t 
 
 * i 
 
 1=1 
 
 
 m 
 
 a 
 
 # 
 
 #
 
 \s> 
 
 ^ 
 
 * 
 
 +. 
 
 !)ii{i 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ;t: 
 
 # 
 
 el 
 
 * 
 
 r^73 
 
 ^rC 
 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 A ^ ^ * 
 
 A :^ 
 
 PI :? 
 -£ ili 
 
 This is Spelling ; and if names are thus spelled out, in order 
 to enable the hearer to write them properly, why may not other 
 characters be subjected to the same treatment?* The majority 
 are capable of a neat division into two or three elements, each of 
 which is a distinct whole having its own sound and sense. In 
 this case there can hardly be a doubt as to the advantage of 
 applying the solvent. 
 
 But there are cases in which its expediency is less clear. 
 AVhere an element is neither an integer nor a radical, I have 
 sometimes thought it worthy of separate attention, on account 
 of its frequent occurrence in other combinations. And again 
 where these imperfect elements closely resemble certain charac- 
 ters ; as the parts of §^ differ but slightly from [] K'eu and 
 J^ Shu, I have thought it safe to borrow the names of those 
 characters for the sake of preserving the recollection of that 
 resemblance, leaving the difference to be learned by observation. 
 It is better to run the risk of learninor them with a triflinsf error 
 than not to learn them at all. So the natives have thought, who 
 
 * In fact many of them are analyzed by the natives. Take the following as an in- 
 stance : The Chinese ministers being disinclined to make treaties with certain minor 
 states some one expostulated with Chnng-how, who was at that time a member of 
 the Tsung-li Yamen. He disclaimed any snch feeling, adding : " Do you know that the 
 two characters g ^ (haughty) when put together make ^ (a stench)?" 
 
 As anotlier example take this little rhyme, 
 
 T * jBn ^ It; B fl-
 
 10 ANALYTICAL READKR. 
 
 give l^^i ^^ tlie components of ^^^ p J^ as those of ^^, 
 
 and '^'JX, '^s those of ^^. 
 
 I iiKiy as well remark lierc, tliafc tlie wliole desij»n of this 
 manual is to aid the student in getting the characters as they 
 arc now written ; not to serve him as a guide to their etymolocjy. 
 For that, he must penetrate deeper tlian the forms of the living 
 present, exhume fossils, pursue them througli successive ages, 
 and divers metamorphoses ; and then become acquainted, not 
 with groups of words, as in the languages of Western Asia, but 
 with individuals, an employment certairdy not the most edifying 
 for a beginner. The native dictionary |^ ^ and Dr. Edkins' 
 Study of the Chinese Characters may help him in that task. 
 Our analysis will familiarize him with the composition of charac- 
 ters ; but it will be for the vulgar end of enabling him to read 
 and write, not for the gratification of philological curiosity. It 
 agrees in the main, with the distinction of radicals and primi- 
 tives ; but it does not proceed on it as a basis, because that 
 would be fatal in the end in view, which be it remembered, is 
 orthography — not etymology. This compels us to place the 
 •upper element before the lower, and the left before the right, 
 irrespective of the position of the radical, because this is the order 
 luhich the natives observe in writing. 
 
 To beoin with the radical, would be like spelling an 
 Endish word by beginning with the root or suffix. Again, in 
 dissectin(> characters with this view, it is of less moment to hit 
 the joints than to divide them in such a manner that they may 
 readily be recomposed. It is easier to spell cy-clops, than 
 cycl-ops, though the latter shows the roots. 
 
 The analysis is accompanied by a commentary giving the 
 sense of the composition, and explaining some of the characters. 
 This w^ill be highly profitable to the foreign student, though 
 specially designed for Chinese readers. 
 
 III. The Translation. 
 
 A translation injurious to a lad, may be highly beneficial to 
 a person of mature judgment. It is for such only that the present 
 is made; and for so terse a composition, something of the kind 
 is not merely a convenience, but a necessity. The style, like 
 that of its model the ^ ^ ^, is exceedingly elliptical, and 
 with all the aid of native teachers, and dictionaries, the learner 
 would be liable to lose the meaning of many a sentence. This 
 translation, though not superseding those indispensable aux- 
 iliaries, is so constructed as, in a degree, to perform the office of
 
 THK MODK (»F STUDY. 11 
 
 both. It will be specially useful to students of Chinese not in 
 China. 
 
 The mode of rendering is determined by the end proposed. 
 If that were to introduce the reader to a Chinese poem, I should 
 choose those expressions best suited to represent its thoughts 
 and spirit. But the end is the study of words ; and this oblifyes 
 me reddere verhum verbo. 
 
 As far as the sense would admit, I have given only the 
 fundamental significations, leaving the reader to infer those that 
 are collateral and derivative. For instance, ^ is rendered life ; 
 and this places him in possession of its other meanings, such as 
 live, alive, beget, bear, he horn &c. Each character, in general, 
 may thus play several parts — owing to the absence of inflection, 
 appearing without any change of form, as a substantive, adjective, 
 verb, or adverb, according to its position in a sentence — a feature 
 of the language, which makes the knowledge of two thousand 
 an important acquisition. 
 
 Words introduced to complete the sense, excepting particles 
 and pronouns, are printed in italics. 
 
 The order of the text has been strictly adhered to, and each 
 line represented by a verse in the translation ; so that the reader 
 can easily ascertain what words and characters correspond — an 
 arrangement which renders it equally available for a student of 
 either language. 
 
 This rule, which in any language would be fatal to the 
 elegauce of a translation, is peculiarly embarrassing in Chinese ; 
 and while endeavoring to make it strictly literal it has sometimes 
 been necessary to violate a grammatical rule in order to give 
 due relief to the idea of each particular character. 
 
 IV. The mode of study. 
 
 The student may learn the characters from the simple text 
 by the help of the translation, marking opposite to each its 
 sound as given by a Chinese teacher according to the dialect which 
 he desires to cultivate. When the first chapter is completed, 
 some book, say the Christian ^ -^ $]2 which is much easier 
 than the native work of the same name, or one of the Gospels, 
 may be taken up by way of practice. The student will 
 be surprised to find himself already in possession of more 
 than one half of the characters. On completing the second 
 chapter, he would have more than nine tenths, and on arriving 
 at the end of the fourth chapter, he will make the pleasing 
 discovery that m any ordinary book the unknown characters 
 ai'e few.
 
 12 ANAI.YI ICAI. Ki:AI)l.lf. 
 
 The iviitliiig of iiiitivc tracts on in<«r,il sul)jccts^'' will then 
 ]irov(>, an aon^eablc pastimo; and tli(,' Confucian T^lassics, with 
 this preparation, will he found hj.ss arduous than they are usual- 
 ly regarded. 
 
 In order to acquire a thorough mastery of these staple 
 characters, it would be well for the student to proceed to Pnrt 
 III, and apply himself to their orthography. For this purpose 
 he should prepare a hlaidc book ruled in columns answering to 
 the vertical lines of the Chinese. In this tlie sounds and sense 
 of the characters, and of their elements, should be written down ; 
 placing the elements first. Thus : — 
 
 Yih 
 One 
 
 I\luh I We 
 
 Wood I Not-yet &c. 
 
 One or two lines might be taken at a lesson ; the sounds 
 committed to memory precisely as a column in an English 
 spelling book ; and the characters recomposed by combining the 
 elements. It should not be regarded as learned until all the 
 characters can be reproduced from the written sounds, without 
 reference to the printed text. 
 
 To aid in fixing these select characters in the mind, at once 
 and forever, a kind of mnemonics will be found of service. The 
 student should invent them for himself; seizing on any associa- 
 tion, however absurd, which may happen to strike his fancy. 
 The following may serve as specimens. 
 
 MNEMONICS. 
 
 The ONLY needful — an excellent heart. 
 Great — one man, the Emperor. 
 Heaven— the one great. 
 H A DECREE — what the hiyhest said. 
 
 J\2r Jt vL The EARTH is eartk 
 
 ivL ^^ "til A POND is water. 
 
 ii^ y}\ -© The SEA — water everywhere, 
 
 70\ iK. ^ Autumn— 7/ire in the rice fields. 
 
 * The follo^^ing are some of the most elegant and popular. 
 
 ^ -f- ^ IW CIni-tg' Family Monitor 
 
 ik "^ ^ -ffi: ^ Kwan-ti'f! O'/as.s/c of Wakening (he World, 
 
 35c e P^ Wi "ic Wen-chanifs Eixay on Proiiittnce. 
 
 i!< Jl ^^ W. M T'ai-shanij'fi Tract on Bttribution. 
 
 ?R iSS ;^ fiC •'i Dissuasive from the Drowning of Daughters. 
 
 :^ -A
 
 THE MODK OF STUDY. 13 
 
 t=> ^ |_| Good — a kmih-like mouth. 
 A§^ 55 ^li^ ^^^L— an inferior heart. 
 r^? iHr^ Pkohibition — showing two trees and forbid- 
 
 ZC ^L^^ Nature — the heart horn with us. 
 /»3E j/v ffl J-> 8moke — the Jire of the western dirt (opium). 
 vpA V S y^ A LAWSUIT— ?(;orG?6' between two dogs. 
 -3Er -^ U -il The SAGE — a^?'/wce withearaudmow^A{.e. a 
 areat teacher : (3E being sufficiently near to 5)* 
 
 The Chinese see in J^ a resembhmce to ^ and describe it 
 as ,i§ ^ ??ia i^e; why may not we, in 5J5 to come, see 
 /j\ J\^ ~\' three men coming to a cross road ? In y^ to 
 FOLLOW, why may we not find fX r J^'^^ ^^^^'^ following an 
 augur, kc'i 
 
 Associations arbitrary and ludicrous are sanctioned by 
 native usage ; and the foreign student would do well not to 
 despise them. 
 
 When the two thousand characters are thoroughly master- 
 ed, or one or two chapters, it will be of great advantage to 
 go over them, writing under each such others as may be con- 
 nected with it, by regular derivation, or casual resemblance. 
 Thus : 
 
 ^ Suggests /f: tIc 7|^ Bt ^ ^ &c. 
 
 ^ '14 1(4 SSI II M^&- 
 
 & £5tElS&c. 
 
 % ^^5 &c. 
 
 Iff ful?^!1H &c. 
 
 ± ihlEg &c. 
 
 ^ stfis^^if &c. 
 
 The habit of thus grouping, on a familiar basis, all tlie 
 characters the student may be able to recall, will augment the 
 amount of his treasures, and confirm him in their possession. 
 In this manner, the original number may easily be tripled or
 
 14 ANAI.YIK'AI. RKADKR 
 
 qua(lruj)k'<l. In this work of expansion such dictionaries as 
 Goodrieii or Williams may be referred to for characters, as well 
 as for definitions. 
 
 An a|)pro[)riate sequel to the study of these commou 
 characters will be that of the several styles in which they 
 are written, though the foreign student will do well not to 
 burden himself with writing more thau one. These are six in 
 number, 
 
 1. ^C ^ '^'^'c clear square letter usually preferred in 
 books, and so called from the dynasty of Sung, under which it 
 came in vogue in connexion with the art of printing, at that 
 time a new invention. 
 
 2. ^1^ ^ The Pattern style — the happy mean between 
 the stiff sharp angles of the foregoing, and the wavy, flowing, 
 but uncertain lines of the two following The most important 
 documents are always engrossed in K'ai-shu ; and large works 
 are frequently printed in it. 
 
 3. /fT" 5 Running-hand — that employed in ordinary bu- 
 siness. 
 
 4. !^ ^ The grass letter — running hand run wild, so as to 
 resemble entangled grass. Though courtesy requires the scholar 
 to apply the name of ts'aii ts as a depreciative epitliet to any 
 specimen of his own chirography, to attain grace and ease in 
 the management of this style is an object of ambition. 
 
 5. ^^ ^ ^11 ornamental hand formerly employed in 
 eucrrossino- official documents, whence the name ; though for 
 that purpose it has now given place to the K'ai-shu. It is still 
 much used, however, for scrolls, monumental inscriptions, and 
 book-prefaces. 
 
 6. ^^ ^ by foreigners called the Seal character on ac- 
 count of its most frequent use. It is also much used for 
 inscriptions on monuments and in adorning the title pages 
 of books. 
 
 The 1st., 2nd., and 5th. stand related to each other some- 
 what as the Roman, Italic, and Black-letter of our letter press. 
 
 The 3rd., 4th., and 6th., may be compared to the Round 
 hand, Running band, and German text of our chirography. But 
 while, in our own printing and penmanship, all the varieties 
 may be made familiar to the eye, by a little attention to the 
 comparison of a few forms ; to acquire a reading knowledge of 
 the different styles in Chinese, is a labor of more difficulty. 
 It requires the careful comparison of some hundreds of leading 
 forms, and, in addition to this, the aid of constant practice. The
 
 IISK IN SCIIOOT.S. lo 
 
 acquisition of the 5th. and 6th. is an accomplishment, hut au 
 acquaintance with the 2ud., 3rd., and 4th. forms is of great 
 utility. 
 
 This is a task which the student will hardly feel himself at 
 liberty to decline. For without it, he is liable to be confounded, 
 not merely confused, by constantly meeting his old friends 
 in new disguises. Not only will he be perplexed by inscriptions 
 on monuments, which he meets in travelling, and the prefaces or 
 title-pages of elegant works ; but the proclamation of a mandarin, 
 the bill of a shop-keeper, or the letter of a native friend, will 
 prove an annoying puzzle. The foreign student of German m;iy 
 indulge his literary tastes, without troubling himself to decipher 
 reams of handschrift ; but if resident on the banks of the Rhine 
 he would find it somewhat inconvenient not to be able to learn for 
 himself the contents of a familiar note. For a resident in China, 
 the styles of business and correspondence are equally indispen- 
 sable. 
 
 The six styles are here mentioned in the order of their 
 importance. The first is that used in the text and analysis ; 
 and the reader will have the advantaofe of seeino; it in at least 
 two sizes of type. 
 
 Of the others, specimens are included in Part IJ., and for 
 materials to practise on the learner need be at no loss. Monu- 
 ments, sign-boards, prefaces, and letters — old ones which a 
 native friend may submit to his perusal — will all come to his 
 
 aid and further his progress. The ^t] '|§ -p -J- ^ will be 
 found helpful. 
 
 V. Use in Schools. 
 
 With us the first stages in climbing the hill of knowledge 
 are so gentle that the young scholar saunters unconscious of 
 eff'ort. In China they are so precipitous, that a large proportion 
 of those who attempt the ascent, fall back in despair. To grade 
 the steep, facilitate the acquisition of the elements of education, 
 and promote the efficiency of Christian schools was my prime 
 object in preparing the Chinese portion of this work. 
 
 Via trita via tuta is a good maxim ; but it should not 
 prevent us mending the "old paths." That they have been 
 trodden by the feet of millions is no evidence that they are 
 incapable of improvement. Foreigners in China have not felt 
 compelled to use wooden blocks in printing their books, just 
 because the Chinese have done so ever since the invention of 
 printing. If metallic types and revolving presses are improve- 
 ments on the native mode of manufacturing books, — acknowledged 
 to be so by the natives who are rapidly adopting them, -why
 
 16 AN'M.YTlf AT, UF ADKR. 
 
 slioukl it be t;il<e,n as a foregone conclusion that tlie foreiorner 
 can sug,L!,('St no better method for ae(juiriii<^ a knowhidge of their 
 contents '': 
 
 Is it not a fact tliat the majority of pupils in Chinese 
 schools never succeed in learning to read and write? And is it 
 not an equally significant fact, that the man who can read 
 f^ueutl3^ and write correctly, is regarded as a scholar? The ap- 
 paratus for obtaining knowh:;dge passes for learning, and rudi- 
 ments are esteemed accomplishments. 
 
 To a certain extent this is owing to the difticulty of the 
 ■written language, wliich is not much easier for tiie native than 
 it is for the foreign student ; but it is due in part to imperfec- 
 tions in the method of teaching. 
 
 A boy of eight summers attired for the occasion in robes of 
 ceremony, selecting a lucky day, enters on the career of a 
 scholar by doiusf obeisance to his teacher, and kneeling before 
 the picture of Confucius. A book is placed in his hands, and 
 he is taught the sounds of some half a dozen characters. These 
 learned, he hands the book to the teacher, and turning his back 
 recites his lesson in a sing-song tone, keeping time like a pendulum 
 by the vibrations of his body. Day after day he goes on cram- 
 ming his memory with sounds and forms until he can patter otf 
 the Four Books and thii Book of Odes as giiljy as a breviary. 
 But all this time he has not obtained the glimmering of an idea. 
 He has got the symbols of thought, but not the thoughts. 
 
 This ordeal passed, he is deemed worthy of initiation into 
 hi«^her mysteries. The veil is gradually withdrawn, and a ray 
 of lig;ht shed on each of those dull figures, kindling them into 
 life, and transforming empty sounds into the articulate voices of 
 human language. 
 
 The intellect of the lad feels the stimulus, and wakes as 
 from a hibernation ; while his faculties unfold like the buds of 
 Spring. Reading becomes a pleasure ; and he delights to employ 
 these signs — not till now significant — for the expression of his 
 own thoughts. 
 
 But how many youth are compelled by poverty to quit 
 school before the dawn of this cheering period ! How many 
 more toil on for years in unalleviated darkness because they are 
 too dull to complete the preliminary process to the satisfaction 
 of their teachers 1 What would be thought of a school-master 
 who should compel his pupils to commit the Iliad to memory 
 before translating a line 7 Yet this is precisely the time- 
 honored system of the Chinese ; and it is doing it no wrong to 
 charge it with perpetrating the crime of mental infanticide on 
 an enormous scale.
 
 USK IN SCHOOLS. 17 
 
 A partial remedy applied in many mission schools is to 
 require the teacher to deviate so far from the beaten track as to 
 connect the sense of each character with its form and sound in 
 the very commencement of his instructions. A further meliora- 
 tion would be to furnish the student with a selection of charac- 
 ters in common use {i.e., with the Chinese text of this Manual), 
 as the readiest way to the treasures of knowledge ; and to teach 
 him from the first to spell each one as an aid to memory and 
 a preparation for writing. 
 
 ITow far the first of these conditions will be met by this 
 collection may be inferred from the account already given of the 
 principles on which it is formed; and whether the second will be 
 answered by the analytical method, may also be inferred from 
 the explanation on a previous page. It only remains, therefore, 
 to add an observation or two in regard to the mode of teaching. 
 
 Who of us does not remember the young emulation which 
 impelled us to learn pages of words before we had any apprecia- 
 tion of their value, merely from the hope of standing at 
 the head of a spelling-class ? How intense the feeling grew 
 when the school was divided into parties and the combatants 
 entered the lists two and two ; the victorious boy wearing his 
 honors as proudly as a champion of the ring ! 
 
 The Chinese system of education is not destitute of this 
 stimulus. The more advanced students contend for academic and 
 civil honors with an ardor unsurpassed in any country. But it 
 is wantino- at that staofe at which an incentive is most needed. 
 In the early portion of his course each pupil pursues a solitary 
 path, receives instruction alone and recites alone, knowing little 
 and caring less as to the progress of his fellows. In most 
 primary schools the class organization is wholly unknown, and 
 the teacher repeats for each individual an amount of toil which 
 would suffice for a whole form. By this mode of spelling these 
 inconveniences may be obviated — the spur applied to the pupil 
 and labor saved to the teacher : classes may be formed and 
 recitations conducted precisely as in an English school, though in 
 learning their lessons pupils will require an amount of oral 
 instruction which is not called for in a language whose orthog- 
 raphy is more purely phonetic. 
 
 An experiment made in a mission school while the first 
 edition was passing through the press proved highly satisfactory. 
 In the morning the teacher called a class before him and gave 
 them the sound and sense of the characters and their elements. 
 He tlieu required them to copy the lesson into a book provided 
 for the purpose in order to impress it on the memory and 
 accustom them to writing. In the afternoon he summoned
 
 18 ANALYTICAL URAnRIl. 
 
 tlicm to recite. He pronounced a cliaraoter of the text, and the 
 first pii})!! responded by giving its elements. The next character 
 was analyzed by the second boy, and so on, until some one 
 made a mistake ; when the character was passed on, and the 
 boy who succeeded in spelling it correctly was promoted to 
 the place of him who failed. 
 
 The exercise proved novel and exciting ; and some of the 
 boys who previously appeared indifferent as to progress began 
 to apply themselves with diligence. Memoriter recitation, 
 definition of characters, translation into the Mandarin or the 
 vernacular dialect, and writing on the black-board, were ad- 
 ditional exercises in which it was sought to inspire the pupils 
 with the same emulation, and so render their progress pleasant 
 as well as thorough. 
 
 I conclude this introduction with a statement of Ching Sien- 
 sheng, a Nanking Siu ts'ai, who was in charge of the school. 
 " Since having the care of a school I have often grieved over 
 the difficulty experienced by young pupils in learning the points 
 and strokes of our letters. Lately, however, a work has been 
 prepared, entitled Jin-ts-sin-fah, ' A New Method for Learning 
 Chara(iters'. The method consists in resolving one character 
 into several, and combining several into one. The most frequent 
 characters in the Four Books and Five Classics are thus elu- 
 cidated, so that the student not only learns them with little 
 trouble, but gets at the ideas which gave birth to the characters. 
 Moreover, in learning one he obtains a knowledge of three. I 
 have employed this method in the instruction of my pupils, and 
 found it both expeditious and thorough." " 
 
 * The author thought of adding here a sketch of grammar, but abandoned it as 
 foreign to the design of this work. In a hinguage destitute of inflection, grammar is 
 obviously not the thing to begin with, though the study is both interesting and helpful 
 at a more advanced stage. When that is readied the foreign student may take up 
 Dr. Edkins' Mandarin ^^rammar with advantage. The native student, unless at home 
 in English, has to dispense with such aid. Tlie only branch of grammar to which native 
 writers pay attention is syntax ^ f^, which is studied in connexion with first efl'orts in 
 composir.ion. The student's further progress belongs to ^ f^, which may properly 
 be described as rhetoric.
 
 PART II. 
 
 THE TEXT AI^D TRANSLATION. 
 
 CONSTANT CHARACTERS, A COUPLE OF 
 THOUSANDS. 
 
 Note. 
 
 Chap. I. contains 237 characters, which occur from 1000 
 to 10,000 times in the books examined, and the three following 
 
 from the next group. ^ J^ B3 
 
 Chap. II. contains 587 characters, which occur from 200 to 
 1,000 times, with the addition of the five following from the 
 
 next groups. Wi M/^ ^ M 
 
 Chap. III. contains 570 characters, which occur from 75 to 
 
 200 times, and six additional from the next groups. ^§ J^ ^ 
 
 m ,^ # . 
 
 Chap. IV. contains the most frequent characters in the 
 remaining groups, with an intermixture of useful characters 
 compiled from other sources — in all 608. See page 4. 
 
 The sum total of the four chapters is 2,016. 
 
 The sounds originally given in the current Mandarin have 
 been slightly altered to conform them to the court dialect, 
 
 ^^, which disappears at Peking, is still marked 
 with a final h. The Pekinese tones are indicated by numbers, 
 but it is not possible to learn them without a teacher, nor are 
 they of any value at a distance from the capital. 
 
 The vowels are those of the German, except that i and e, 
 before n and ng, have the force of i in fin, and u fun ; s, ts, ch and 
 sh standing alone, have a strong sibillation, as in 7'ats, church, 
 pass, hush, when the sound is prolonged. 
 
 The Greek aspirate represents a breathing, which can only 
 be learned from the living voice.
 
 20 
 
 ANALYTICAL KKADKR. 
 
 
 
 •yih 
 
 /-p" slicng 
 
 =A^ 
 
 
 i^ 
 
 sli 
 
 ^ yiu 
 p^ sliaug 
 
 ti 
 
 IB, clien 
 
 ^Jlg sllCDg 
 
 ib 
 
 pi 
 
 uli 
 
 2 
 
 11^^^ 
 
 oh 
 
 ^' 
 
 J 
 
 SICU 
 
 [^ill 
 
 
 r3^ 
 
 wan 
 
 Willi 
 
 to 
 
 
 'ki 
 
 yi 
 
 3 
 
 sue 
 
 
 jj^ tsiang 
 
 
 RF»F. 
 
 we 
 
 >^4 . 
 
 
 ■gVh 
 
 >^^ 
 
 |a= 
 
 y^i 
 
 Tuh 
 
 Sil 
 
 
 
 ai]£r 
 
 sli 
 
 ^w* 
 
 SB 
 
 
 WO 

 
 CHAPTEK 1. 
 
 DISCOURSES OF THE ANCIENT BEGINNINGS. 
 
 Creatioih 
 
 1. 
 
 Not-yet to life icere people come, 
 Before existed the Supreme Ruler, 
 Only One True God, 
 No holy one can compare loitli Mm. 
 
 2. 
 
 Six days he mightily wrought, 
 First divided Heaven and Earth, 
 Myriads of things multiplied (o), 
 Both rare ai^b strange. 
 
 3. 
 
 Then also tempered clay, 
 Intending to make a spiritual being (o), 
 Decreed 7i^5 place in the bestowed possession, 
 By thousands and hundreds all things gave. 
 
 4. 
 
 Again he sent one to order the family, 
 Woman (o) went to serve /um, 
 And calling him, said, "Husband, 
 Thou and I are as one self '^
 
 00 
 
 ANALYTICAL UliADKU. 
 
 t>i5 
 
 f) I& 
 
 ch'iu 
 3 
 clie 
 
 1^ wu 
 
 ^^ puh 
 
 
 yuh 
 
 •p^^ shan 
 4 
 
 "m^ 
 
 >ii^ oh 
 
 ^iU/> ting 
 "^-^ sheu 
 
 PjVo 
 
 ^^ sbih 
 
 ^/ hwoli 
 g| tang 
 
 
 len 
 
 1=1 
 
 wen 
 
 yien 
 
 mo 
 
 
 na 
 
 5R tsue 
 
 pp chun< 
 
 ^huan 
 
 
 d^ yang 
 
 is ^^^ 
 > 1 . 
 
 i|j\ sm 
 
 l>|3: 
 
 
 pe 
 
 fM 
 
 tan 
 
 an 
 
 
 3 *Xt^4 
 
 cbans ^*)^ ai 
 
 
 
 till 
 ,^^;hah 
 
 ^\ih 
 
 ^ kiu 
 
 shin 
 
 seh 
 
 A>3 
 
 lib 
 
 ma 
 
 lo 
 
 ^^i- 
 
 
 3. 
 
 a 
 
 2 -1 
 tsill 
 
 m 
 
 Ml H 4 , 
 niili : aE ^^ 
 
 sh 
 
 j/l^ shue 
 
 /|-qf"iiiDg
 
 TRANSLATION. 23 
 
 The Fall 
 
 5. 
 
 Of all the (which) desired things, 
 There loas nothing not instantly granted, 
 Yet wished they the good and eYil fruity 
 They must-not listen to the hand's taking it 
 
 6. 
 
 One informed them saying " Can eat, 
 Perhaps yoit ought to see" (o), 
 They heard the words, felt and took. 
 Getting sin tvas because-of this. 
 
 7. 
 
 Their middle progeny Abel (2) 
 Sheep offered, with a believing heart, 
 Their elder (longer) son, as elder-brother, 
 Vengefully killed him; thus it is till now. 
 
 8. 
 
 So caused that race. 
 
 Solely to rest in gain and name. 
 
 To love the body and dote-on beauty (color), 
 
 Array horses /or hattle^ and gather gold. 
 
 9. 
 
 The Father's mind was-not as formerlj^, 
 
 His servant already clearly-sa?(?. 
 
 Then from that time. 
 
 The great waters to the four quarters went.
 
 24 
 
 ANAI.YTirAL RKADRU. 
 
 15$ 
 
 10 
 
 .>2 
 
 kiiin 
 
 UK 
 
 sail 
 
 *^p- ts'ii'iD 
 
 ^ wen 
 ^ k\\ui 
 
 11 
 
 ^^kii 
 
 ^^^ti 
 
 H'kwe 
 
 MiJ 
 
 - 
 
 tsah 
 
 IP 
 I 
 
 A 
 
 t UUO- 
 
 M' 
 
 ^^ ts'ih 
 
 
 meu 
 
 icn 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 -^lifers 
 
 Lent? 
 
 <S'jL "^^^ — ^ sail 
 
 14 
 
 siancr 
 
 ^J,fkien ;:^6',oli 
 
 •^'yu 
 
 shen 
 
 i/n'kia 
 
 li^ 
 
 full 
 
 
 ^ chuug 
 
 d£ 
 
 3 
 \vu 
 
 kiauof 
 S^C su 
 
 — p-" eliu 
 
 'hwa 
 
 ^^ni 
 
 men 
 
 ^P^.li 
 
 jllU 
 
 |fe^tsili 
 
 
 tien 
 
 '^ slieu 
 • ^^ sliu 
 
 ^V3 
 
 -^ sbeu 
 
 fall 
 
 -h^shili 
 
 l^'^'«
 
 TRANSLATION. 25 
 
 10. 
 
 Wbiiieclj scattered, the whole world died — 
 Why ask for classes and companies ! 
 But those who turned to the square shelter. 
 Then ivere the same-with righteous men. 
 
 11. 
 
 The dwellers eight ; the animals followed by 
 
 sevens, 
 Each drew them into the gate. 
 
 Bedemptioii. 
 
 12. 
 
 Therefore again, God guided and taught men ; 
 And greatly adding to the world's happiness, 
 Sent down Jesus, (2) 
 He is really the Saving Lord. 
 
 13. 
 
 In rank, the midst of Three, 
 
 In relations he came-out of the Five, 
 
 In the flower of his years, came-to the temple, 
 
 In the assembly, he received the books. 
 
 14. 
 
 He joined in covenant many scholars. 
 Certainly understood principles and numbers. 
 Regulated rites, observed laws, 
 And controlled his twelve disciples.
 
 26 
 
 ANALYTICAL UKADF.U. 
 
 15 
 
 
 ch'enfr 
 
 t2i yili 
 
 7^ mi 
 
 j§ tan 
 
 111 
 
 IG 
 
 3E 
 
 ffii 
 
 wane' 
 
 ya 
 
 /f^ lieu 
 _^ chacg 
 H^ cbau 
 
 ;;^'t'ai 
 
 1 
 
 |iPC | kwoh 
 
 ye 
 
 SI 
 
 nai 
 

 
 TRANSLATION. 27 
 
 15. 
 
 Jerusalem and Capernaum, a city and town. 
 To Babylon and Media loere ways and roads, 
 Judea (2) ims a kingdom (o), 
 Sinai (2) a mountain (0). 
 
 16. 
 
 A King, yet (and) meek and gentle, 
 The after chapter illustrates these. 
 
 Notes. 
 
 (0) Marks the place of an expletive, which is uDtranslatable. 
 
 (2) indicates that two characters ai^e rendered by one word. 
 
 In names they stand for syllables, and seldom give the 
 
 correct pronunciation, ^ secondary; f^ lord or 
 uncle (verse 7). 
 ( ) indicates that the word enclosed is another renderiuo-, 
 or an explanation. 
 
 Verse 5. Things or persons. ^ is the .complement of the 
 
 relative pronoun J5/j^. 
 Verse 6. As a substantive -^ means ear. 
 
 Verse 8. 7 'J means a rank ; it is also a sign of the plural 
 
 as ylj ^ the nations. 
 Verse 13. The J. f^ five social relations. 
 
 a E, ^ T-, ^ m, 9.-^,m-k, 
 
 Assem I )ly, tJie Synagogue, Luke IV. 16. 
 Verse 14. ^[ numbers, also destinij. 
 Verse 15. In names, the first or last character is frequently 
 
 taken for the wliole. The following are the siouifiea- 
 
 tions of those in the verse : — 
 
 ^^ cold, ^^^ J2S name of Buddha, ^ a handful, 
 grip or Mow, ^ rice, ^§ like, yet, 3;^ great, huge, 
 west, J^ to he.
 
 28 
 
 ANALYTICAL RKADKR. 
 
 m 
 
 ti 
 
 ^chang 
 
 M 
 
 ye 
 
 su 
 
 riAkiau 
 
 *^ yi"g 
 
 4 
 ; mu 
 
 r]h)L sbeh 
 ^JpJ kwo 
 
 encr 
 
 Jt^ t'au 
 
 ^ mung 
 
 rHr. 
 
 V siien 
 
 iV^ 
 
 tai 
 
 sbuli 
 
 ■*fl-l 
 
 sheng 
 
 ch'eno; 
 
 jaryiii 
 
 r^J kau 
 
 124 
 
 pc 
 
 4 
 nan 
 
 ^^ hien 
 ^ ch'eng 
 ^yj kunj 
 ^ lau 
 
 j^jg chue 
 j^^kuih 
 ^fv pen 
 |7j ch'u 
 
 lZ chu e 
 
 f^lj huin 
 
 2 
 ts^au 
 
 
 mu 
 
 
 soh 
 
 I 
 ch'i 
 
 A:i' 
 
 sbau 
 
 ^ ts 
 
 -^1^ siau 
 
 Tf tai 
 
 4 
 
 ;^^ 
 
 lien 
 
 ^ yung 
 
 
 SU 
 
 tuan 
 
 4 
 
 14 
 
 smsf 
 
 ^X kiau 
 4 
 
 si 
 
 ts eng 
 ^||^>ueu 
 ^f mung 
 PV. kan 
 
 ^^^hwuh 
 
 ch'an 
 
 nan 
 
 «i^
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 TEEATS OF JESUS STAETI^G HIS EELIG10:N'. 
 
 Leading Topics. 
 
 1. 
 
 Himself formed a skin tabernacle, 
 Pardoned transgression, succored refugees, 
 In the chosen's (2) stead paid ransom — 
 His fame and praise heconie more high. 
 
 2. 
 
 He fully passed-throngh bitter hardships, 
 Displayed complete his meritorious toil, 
 Pursuing his (its) original beginning, 
 We will condescendingly instruct you (2). 
 
 Christ's Advent 
 
 3. 
 
 His mother (2) Joseph's wife. 
 Of few years and small, waiting mairiage, 
 Was of lily face and habitually correct. 
 Her fragrant nature incomparably fine. 
 
 4. 
 
 Having from a dream conceived. 
 
 She suddenly gave-birth to a male heir.
 
 30 
 
 ANAI,Y'l'ir;.\l, KT'ADKU. 
 
 5 B# 6 
 
 
 tun Of 
 
 vie 
 
 
 liwano" 
 
 r3 ^ 
 
 0^ tsLie 
 
 1, ... 
 
 kliin 
 y\^ kwaiig ^ hu 
 
 ^I^b4 
 
 p-h ^^^^"g I '^ 
 
 lull 
 
 2Kl^tsuli 
 Yjj/ moll 
 
 >tt +soli 
 -f-^ sliuai 
 
 kuen 
 
 3^g tsau 
 
 ^ shili 
 
 ^juh 
 
 ■Hil Im 
 
 K 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ^Iji. 
 
 iLi<r 
 
 >^^,sheng 
 ;j^ yueu 
 
 >m^r; 
 
 it P 
 
 \ full 
 pai 
 
 :ino- 
 
 JM fau 
 
 "Y~| cliau 
 
 
 ::li'uli I rpfj hiang 
 
 lau 
 Icli 
 
 \-e 
 an 
 
 
 liieu 
 
 5 
 
 sbeu 
 
 kil 
 
 Inve 
 
 ^Jr^kai 
 l^jwu 
 -fcZ/^cli'leh 
 
 3 -**Ii,4 - 
 
 mien PtT tsiu 
 
 si 
 
 bing ! ypj lio 
 
 tsai 
 
 no 
 
 'hi 
 't'oh 
 
 'm y^^en 
 
 pang 
 
 sum 
 
 ^2. 
 
 -Kw !^''-'s- ^Vu :^^^.h 
 
 tS mi 
 
 > cluing ^^ moll 
 vi'iih 
 
 n\
 
 TRA^'SLATION. 31 
 
 His Infancy. 
 
 5. 
 
 From the Eastern border, friendly Masters, 
 The host of lights minutely beholding, 
 Approach the room, humbly arrive, 
 Bow-doAvn and worship according-to order. 
 
 6. 
 
 The king (2) was most unfeeling. 
 Each door he cruelly punished, 
 At night late (deep) Joseph dashed afar. 
 And flying the region hid his person. 
 
 7. 
 Waitmg till the prince deceased (2), 
 He led his relations and returning stopped, 
 Yet afraid-of a compulsory summons, 
 Escaping bore away tlie child and went. 
 
 8. 
 
 When a beast is old, his hide is bare. 
 When a dragon appears, his head is raised, 
 Escaped (avoided) (o)! how fortunate (o)i 
 Originally he has no end or beginning. 
 
 His Baptism. 
 
 9. 
 
 Towards the desert John cried, 
 Repent, reform, take-care to he earnest. 
 Christ came to baptism at the river's brink, 
 Observed the rite, and did not transgress.
 
 32 
 
 ANAl.YTICAr, RKADKR. 
 
 10 
 
 ]^,p kieh 
 ^\>^ kwo 
 
 
 we 
 1>L y^iili 
 
 ^1* 
 
 .1 
 
 
 tuan 
 
 -^1^ pien 
 ^^/y^ ten 
 
 12 
 
 11 it 
 
 ^ cbung!^. ping 
 
 mo 
 
 TO ch 
 
 Btt ping 
 
 -^ eh eng 
 
 S^ 1 
 
 
 yah 
 
 S. ten J 
 
 kung 
 uli 
 
 -^ Cheung 
 
 -H yuan 
 
 if 
 
 pe 
 2 
 hi 
 
 3 
 
 "p- iing 
 
 fu 
 
 d:^4 
 
 waiiir 
 
 '1 
 tsun 
 
 3 
 
 eh'ian.o; 
 
 1 
 sh 
 
 13 
 ^ siu 
 
 ;fl^\eh 
 
 pill V\l 
 
 pau 
 
 #R 
 
 chih 
 
 liang 
 /Hli nu 
 
 & fung 
 
 :^.»v4 
 pHK yii 
 
 j j^ tsun 
 
 1^ ch'ieu 
 
 14 it 
 
 [p cll'(Jlll£ 
 ^ o 
 
 liwan 
 " loh 
 
 ^-4 
 ^ tsih 
 
 ^\h 
 
 iVd\ yu 
 
 1^ t'iau 
 5J!^ chang 
 
 a^ 
 
 ^i ^4 
 
 ^J$ hwoh 
 
 4> yu 
 
 -^ tsai 
 
 33 
 shuh
 
 TRANSLATION. 33 
 
 10. 
 
 Jolm used the parable of a tree bearing fruit; 
 Suiting the mouth it only gives pleasure, 
 Otherwise, totally the blade will-cut it doimi^ 
 Thereon to he handed-over to burniua' tierce. 
 
 'to 
 
 His Temptation. 
 
 11. 
 
 He once met the DeviPs trying, 
 WJio pointing to loaves, strove to bestow them, 
 And carrying him ascended a palatial house, 
 To a lofty wall was he led-up. 
 
 12. 
 
 Also bidding him bend-down and lookabroadj 
 Exalted glory he forcibly offered (gave). 
 
 13. 
 
 ^^ To cultivate virtue planning for rewards, 
 Makes honesty and rectitude both void. 
 / obey orders, and fulfill my mission, 
 How dare you tempt me" ! 
 
 His preaching. 
 
 14. 
 
 He rode an ass when he rejoiced (2), 
 Together gathered the wise and stupid. 
 The lines of command, spread-out (2), 
 Saying "To rule and govern belongs to me.
 
 34 
 
 ANAI.Y'I'ICAL UKADKK. 
 
 15 
 
 -^x 
 
 kUDGf 
 
 kill 
 
 5^ we 
 ^Ifr niih 
 
 %' 
 
 m 
 
 J^-^ch'ang 
 
 ir, 
 
 lion 
 
 z^J^V) 
 
 17 
 
 ivva 
 
 1110 
 
 T^ waiig 
 yuh 
 
 chuino- 
 
 
 2 
 tsah 
 
 :^>J?'sha 
 
 tsau 
 
 hwan 
 
 cheu 
 
 A 
 
 
 ft^^hiah 
 >1 till 
 i 
 
 ym 
 
 Hg^aa 
 
 pih 
 cn en 
 
 nun 
 
 m 
 
 pai 
 
 ^ rnaili 
 
 sau 
 
 /£ ting 
 2 
 liu 
 
 
 ix 
 
 fan 
 
 cheug 
 
 pien 
 51 cbeu 
 
 PH niau 
 
 1^3,,, 
 
 'ku 
 
 >^ tsai 
 
 Ig^ki 
 
 lih 
 
 ^ 
 
 yaug 
 ^fuh 
 
 yiii 
 
 hau 
 
 ffl \iali 
 
 i4' 
 
 ku 
 
 /j^^h-eu 
 
 ifX' 
 
 i\ii\ 
 t 
 
 nu 
 
 ^:J*^ts^ai 
 
 kii 
 
 Ml pingj 
 
 
 
 "'toll 
 ch'e 
 
 19 
 
 Ijj^-^.sliuh 
 
 wans 
 
 ^'tsuh 
 
 pa4 
 
 ^tim 
 
 ^pr bai 
 
 3 f- 
 
 13.; ' 
 
 yf^ sbih 
 
 . tsieh 
 
 -&14 
 
 sie 
 
 1 
 
 tUi^ 
 
 en 
 
 ^Il>^ii
 
 TRANSLATION. 35 
 
 15. 
 
 I attack and smite disobedient opposers, 
 Constantly collect the excellent and brave, 
 Self-will reprove, passion (vapor) rebuke, 
 The secret and dark, to the utmost display.'' 
 
 16, 
 
 He fell-into j)lots, and fled imprisonment. 
 Encountered affliction in the sandy isles, 
 Generally swayed the lineal descendants, 
 In progressive journeys everywhere circula- 
 ted. 
 
 17. 
 
 The flower tender easily wastes, 
 Wheat in sweeping is certainly retained. 
 Our race is contrary to birds and beasts, 
 Which for grain to nourish do-not grieve. 
 
 18. 
 
 Dread loss, and calamity will-cease. 
 Love war, and confusion comes-with it. 
 If hatred rages, and riches are clutched, 
 Soldiers seize and chariots drive them aivay. 
 
 19. 
 
 Who can forget Mm who is to be feared ? 
 Such at-once injure body and soul. 
 You ought to rest-on his protection for release, 
 Dependently thank his grace and goodness.
 
 30 
 
 ANAT.VTICAI, KFADKR. 
 
 20 
 
 J^i hi oh 
 
 p ai 
 
 ffl 
 
 5 ye 
 
 t'ien 
 
 A 
 ch 
 
 king 
 
 •4 
 
 wans: 
 
 ^ liang 
 ^'fen 
 
 fi^chuh 
 
 tm kih 
 
 JL 
 
 ^ kau 
 
 PJ 
 
 ko 
 
 ti 
 
 ^\h'i 
 
 ^ yeh 
 
 2 
 suh 
 
 ch'i 
 
 PH tsmg 
 Vfe2 
 \H sue 
 
 ||Ve„ 
 
 :?t2. 
 
 //fn^i 
 
 hianir 
 
 22 
 
 H muh 
 
 B- yang 
 
 I 
 
 
 tsan 
 
 me 
 
 tl4 
 
 
 muh 
 
 X 
 
 ch'i 
 
 wen 
 
 jgH'ung 
 
 i^'^tah 
 
 23 
 
 :g>tu 
 
 </Q sheng 
 
 ^ king 
 
 nan 
 
 ^ 
 
 r.3 
 
 peh 
 
 .>»4 
 
 
 :&u<i 
 
 pan 
 kiu2 
 
 me 
 
 ig^ man 
 
 ^^^sien 
 
 >3 
 
 we 
 
 it 
 
 -rt- 
 
 ^h 
 
 wa 
 
 tau 
 
 ^ p'mg 
 
 ts'iucr 
 
 7e 
 
 24 ^Ij 
 
 all 
 
 
 mcu 
 
 voli 
 
 PI 
 
 ^ kiu 
 
 e^ 
 
 sue 
 
 ^^ ts*un 
 
 ^^p niu 
 
 *^^^ah 
 
 :rl^2 
 
 tub 
 
 Il4 
 
 "sih 
 hien 

 
 TRANSLATION. 37 
 
 20. 
 
 The doctrine distinguishes classes (2), 
 Some in Eden (2), it promises to place. 
 Reverence and deceit, it well divides, 
 To curse forbids, in blessing is extreme. 
 
 His Disciples. 
 21. 
 
 By the sea shore the brothers^ (2), 
 Cast-aside their business, hasten to rise. 
 His sandal steps beg to follow, 
 "Willing to forsake their neighborhood (2). 
 
 22. 
 
 Their eyes recorded his compassions (2), 
 "With a will they spread his pi-aise. 
 Silently memorised the prayer-form. 
 Opened (2) their minds to ancient history. 
 
 23. 
 
 Kingdom, capital, province, metropolis, 
 South and North, they half traversed, 
 Ever thinking on the blasphemous and false. 
 Reformed, led them, calmed their passions. 
 
 His Ordinances. 
 
 24. 
 
 Burning of victims (males) and cutting of 
 
 the flesh. 
 By the old usage, though retained, 
 Yet lamb, cow, ox, and calf. 
 As gifts, and offerings, how can they please ?
 
 88 
 
 ANALYTICAI, llFAnER. 
 
 25 
 
 fr^ 
 
 yu 
 
 7^ kung 
 
 ' p u 
 ' t au 
 
 jt^ ch^ing 
 
 k'ai 
 
 
 ^ t aiig 
 
 cli'eDo- 
 k'iien 
 
 ^1 
 
 ^3K. 
 
 :3 
 
 y^i 
 
 ^ kwc 
 
 "i«y^ 
 
 
 f/:2 
 
 keno- 
 tsieh 
 
 ||*ku 
 
 chuuo- 
 
 
 ^1 
 
 yio 
 
 - 25«^4 
 
 PI sueu 
 
 Si . 
 
 3:^ mull 
 sliausf 
 
 W' 
 
 
 sue 
 
 ^ ytiili 
 
 kwe 
 
 9" 
 
 |^\vu 
 kie 
 
 \h hwo 
 
 4 
 inieh 
 
 tsang 
 ^ liing 
 
 
 meu 
 
 fu 
 
 1 m^^ 
 
 28 
 
 m 
 
 29 
 
 5^X23, 
 uan ^^^ liau 
 
 mien i OrB t*a 
 
 ].x^ 
 
 dh 
 
 shen 
 
 
 
 yu 
 
 tsih 
 
 'pnl2 
 
 3 
 
 hwau I jr^ kwaug 
 
 kwan 
 
 yuen 
 
 hwoli 
 
 cbunj 
 
 1 
 
 saDff 
 
 P-, ui 
 
 ij^^k'tien 
 ^^\uli
 
 TRANSLATION. 39 
 
 25. 
 
 Instead private supplication^ public prayer. 
 The grape (2), to drink and pour, 
 To open the hall, and sincerely exhort, 
 Adduce evidence, and proclaim the sound— 
 
 His Miracles. 
 
 26. 
 
 Publishing Chrisfs words, we value parables. 
 
 His miracles briefly in-turn succeed, 
 
 He watched the tender plant, shepherded 
 
 the bruised 
 Evening and morning, for years and months ; 
 
 27. 
 
 Devils expelled, sickness healed. 
 The unclean released, misery extinguished, 
 The buried in the grave, from slumber rose, 
 Touching his clothes, a woman was cleansed. 
 
 28. 
 
 He visited a boat, on the wave's face 
 And stilled the wind, in the bark's bottom, 
 Restored sick, around looked-on hinij 
 Revived dead, standing-by rejoiced. 
 
 29. 
 
 For help little did he depend-on another, 
 Even the judgment (2) is all his own. 
 He punishes ofi'enders, widely rescues. 
 And weighty authority alone sustains.
 
 4U 
 
 ANALYTICAL liliADKU. 
 
 ;30 
 
 ll'ku 
 
 
 pan 
 
 yiug 
 
 — * •; 
 
 13 "1^ 
 
 eD2f 
 
 ' ^ hwai 
 
 m 
 
 kung 
 shun 
 
 a/N wai 
 
 pau 
 
 ^Ui> 
 
 leu 
 
 
 sliii 
 
 ki 
 
 t 
 chan 
 
 B1 
 
 /ill i'i«'' 
 
 1: 
 
 shoh 
 
 lull 
 
 ^^kiu 
 y^ chau 
 
 
 ■T' yu 
 
 -^ tsai 
 
 kien 
 
 1 
 yii 
 
 g f ki 
 
 moh 
 ^^ sheng ^ ch'i 
 
 82 
 
 |M| y"6ti 
 
 m 
 
 I 
 
 sunir 
 
 sue 
 
 ch'i 
 
 >l-t"J, 
 
 :ie 
 
 
 />iii> 
 
 ;^^du 
 
 83 f^ 34 
 
 1x y^ 
 
 p m 
 
 m f" 
 
 :£ 
 
 tso 
 
 ^^ yiu 
 
 l/F chin 
 3C kiau 
 
 
 ;^^ 
 
 yiu 
 fuh 
 
 i^tsin 
 ^pl cliau 
 
 it;'- 
 
 ch U 
 
 ^Vt^ hiang 
 
 >^> 
 
 :uDir 
 
 tsiu 
 
 i^v 
 
 yau 
 
 chih 
 
 ■ & 1 
 
 yiu 
 kau 
 
 AlA^ 
 
 tso 
 
 
 mm 
 
 bau
 
 TRANSLATION. 41 
 
 80. 
 
 Firmly guard abundance full ; 
 E^^er cherish respectful obedience. 
 And outward violence, inward depravity, 
 You almost-certainly (2) fight victoriously. 
 
 Prophecies. 
 31. 
 
 In scattered essays, Isaiah spoke, 
 And the record long fore-tokenecl it, 
 The demolished temple should again be-built, 
 He fore-reckoned (2) the final period. 
 
 Waste gardens turn to happy ground; 
 On comparing (2) who (what) deceives ? 
 In the streets songs, in the vallies answers, 
 Must yield to mature thought. 
 
 His Last Days. 
 33. 
 
 Artisans, officials, poor and I'ich, 
 Left and right held near intercourse, 
 To his casual discourses heartily submitted, 
 Their class companions all summoned. 
 
 34. 
 
 Moved together-with the Bridegroom (2), 
 Odours offered, to wine invited. 
 Held oil and anointed him sitting at meat. 
 When flowed his blood, they pityingly cried.
 
 42 
 
 ANAI.YTKAI, READT.R. 
 
 35 1ft 
 
 3 .. 
 
 ^•^ yum 
 
 ^S^chen 
 
 kioli 
 
 
 po 
 
 TJ^ «i 
 
 la'kia 
 
 3G 
 
 37 
 
 ^'^liwo ^^' sing 
 
 ^S cbuli 
 IgVan 
 
 uab 
 kwe 
 
 
 tsai 
 
 ;h'i 
 
 ■^toh 
 /^ tu 
 
 ym 
 
 ^ cli'ih 
 H pai 
 
 -f H 2 
 -^ yau 
 
 \^' 
 
 fall 
 
 L 
 kanof 
 
 hi an 2 
 
 ;^ yung 
 >(^ we 
 
 m tan 
 
 we 
 
 
 38 
 j^' siang 
 
 [p] hwe 
 
 
 sun 
 ^^ tah /^'^sli 
 
 p:| 
 
 shuli 
 
 dt^kung 
 
 liwoh 
 
 1 . 
 tsi 
 
 tsm 
 
 Mhh 
 
 t=t 
 
 ^\\i 
 
 ^ 
 
 mull 
 
 ^rl^Wiu! 
 
 Hi 
 
 ana 
 
 4 , 
 po 
 
 l^-^shaug 
 
 ^ ai j 5g pien 
 
 pal , , I /^'a^S 
 ^(^ k uli 
 
 suli 

 
 TRANSLATION. 45 
 
 Exhortation. 
 
 35. 
 
 Wisdom as the rain, mercy as the clouds, 
 "With thmidering horn disseminate, show forth, 
 He bore the cross, and of it built an altar. 
 As priests took the ark, and bore the vessels. 
 
 36. 
 
 Inspect the goods, estimate the silver, 
 The red and white, you must give — 
 We ham handled important, taken-up lead- 
 ing-topics — 
 He is fit to enjoy an ever-lasting throne. 
 
 37. 
 
 His family (2), is solitary and insignificant, 
 Yet grandfather, grandson answer the record- 
 Together obtain conveyance to enter. 
 Where it-is-sworn is no sorrow or weeping. 
 
 38. 
 
 Image likenesses, why dote-on (2) ? 
 Brass, iron, stone, and. wood, 
 Begin to be intelligent, burst adulterous wiles, 
 Uppermost consider a change of customs.
 
 44- ANALYTICAL KKADEK. 
 
 NOTIiS/' 
 
 1. =|B usually signifies a near relation, but the usage in this 
 
 place, which is a frequent one, suggests the idea that 
 one's nearest relation is himself. 
 This first line contains a natural, though inelegant figure for 
 the incarnation. 
 3. t^ letters, referring to the marriage contract. 
 
 8. The disclosure of Herod's real character and that of the 
 fugitive. The " dragon," an emblem of the divine, refers 
 to Christ. 
 16. T^ usually means to perish. 
 
 " Sandy isles" — oases. 
 
 Though the following lines are not exact citations of Scrip- 
 ture, the reader will readily recall passages in which the 
 ideas occur. 
 21. Lit. Elder brother and Younger brother, -^ here put for 
 
 & signifies armor, and to ofi"end. 
 25. Sound, a contraction for -jjjg ^, the Happy Sound, the 
 
 Gospel. 
 There is here an ellipsis, which is readily supplied. 
 30. Guard it, lest it diminish, according to the saying, "That 
 
 which is full invites decrease." 
 32. Mature thought, lit. nine times thinking. 
 
 35. Lit. Chest, ^ IJ, ark of the covenant. 
 
 36. " Eed and white," Gold and Silver. 
 
 * Hereafter pronouns will not be italicised where they are implied. In looking out 
 corresponding words in text and translation they are not therefore to be counted, unless 
 in capitals.
 
 49 
 
 CHAPTER III.
 
 46 
 
 ANALYTICAL RKADKR. 
 
 mt# 
 
 >^! 
 
 tl 
 
 sail 
 
 ^chaiig 
 'sh 
 
 jV liiiiJi 
 
 1 
 sh 
 
 1-3 
 
 su 
 
 i2^ 
 ^£lj^ k'un.2: 
 
 
 i'Ua 
 
 ;2. 
 
 l^'kMDg 
 
 i5^3 
 
 stieng 
 
 ku 
 
 pail 
 Al^ tso 
 
 gCV sh 
 
 ;SK P'iiig 
 
 pA sung 
 ia p'eh 
 
 
 kii 
 
 sUili 
 
 yiien 
 
 I 
 kieu 
 
 kli 
 
 'kioh 
 
 0;^ 
 
 5^ mi 
 
 smg 
 
 I 
 
 3 
 fu 
 
 
 ti 
 
 ku 
 
 J^.2,. 
 j^ Jiaug 
 
 ^7J ts'ai 
 
 p'L t'oh 
 
 ^\u 
 
 ch^ 
 
 p-^ cliau 
 
 ■4 
 kia 
 
 hwe 
 
 e.4 
 
 pe 
 
 mj 
 
 sheu rt 
 
 
 ::|i4 
 
 J^ tseh 
 0T sh 
 
 aki 
 
 ch' 
 
 Fp shen 
 kiaD2 
 
 cheu I J^ hia 
 wau i -iRRl r 
 
 kieu 
 % ts 
 
 j^^kui 
 
 kiim 
 
 t'ue
 
 CHAPTER HI. 
 
 HTJMAIS" AFFAIRS. 
 
 AccoimtaMlity. 
 
 1. 
 
 Opening the cave, his corpse revived, 
 Spurned the empty air^ and rose aloft, 
 The jewelled throne, he rested-on (2), 
 Trial words, he will-speedily complete. 
 
 2. 
 
 Offences and faults, he judges lightly. 
 Redresses wrongs difficult and huge, 
 Arouses the Winded, awakes the deluded, 
 And the gloomy palace withstands (2). 
 
 Diligence^ 
 
 3. 
 
 Measuring talents, he commits (2), trusts; 
 With protecting wings, supports, holds iis^ 
 With edicts, prohibitions, persuades instructs, 
 Morning and evening mirror yourself in these. 
 
 4. 
 
 The boy's class should-read and recite. 
 Songs select, poems search. 
 With front-teeth and molars, repeat, expound, 
 Remote and near equally generalize.
 
 48 
 
 ANALYTICAL READER. 
 
 ^ yueu 
 
 a' 
 
 ms 
 
 J^V. 
 
 rt t'ai 
 
 [ 
 
 ki 
 
 2 M 
 
 Slil 
 
 '^ mien 
 
 
 shuh 
 
 tt 
 
 G 
 1 
 
 
 ts ing 
 
 ts ung 
 
 ^^ tsah 
 
 ^ cb leii 
 ^ hung 
 ^|_| chan 
 
 _SL tsau 
 
 7 
 
 yiu 
 
 "7" ting 
 
 tsien 
 
 )1± 
 
 chuan^ 
 
 
 kiau 
 
 I 
 tsuns 
 
 1 
 
 sliu 
 
 j^2 
 
 M. ^'""s 
 
 3^3 
 
 kwe 
 p**.* cli^ien 
 
 :£iS2 
 
 ^■^ sih 
 
 mau 
 
 W^ • 
 •^t* siau 
 
 y^ mm 
 
 J^ cliung 
 
 k luns 
 
 
 w en 
 
 kHuni 
 
 ± 
 M2poh 
 
 
 }V 
 
 ki 
 
 H>3.t 
 
 tan 2 
 
 m 
 
 Igto 
 
 ^loh 
 
 I 
 
 ili'ki 
 
 :||j^siiuii 
 
 yuug 
 
 yien 
 'ch'in 
 =gtuk 
 
 l"l^"cli'uan 
 >iu 
 
 >^ ^clman 
 
 >Ea3,vu 
 
 1* 
 
 fc^4 
 
 A-A-3 
 
 sheu 
 tuh 
 
 fti\
 
 TRANSLATION. 49 
 
 CMldliood. 
 5. 
 
 Do-but contemplate infant cliildren, 
 From the womb first born and nonrishedj 
 Impatient for milk, they weep for hunger. 
 On matting sleep, in cotton wrapped. 
 
 6. 
 
 Endowed with talents pure and intelligent, 
 They should altogether exclude mixed desires. 
 With the primitive offence greatly tainted, 
 Why-not early wash (2) U aicay? 
 
 Youth 
 
 7. 
 
 Tender youth gradually strengthening, 
 Acquire stains diverse-from lads. 
 Deceit and modesty lurk in the countenance. 
 Terror and laughter hide in the bosom. 
 
 Bad men. 
 
 8. 
 Overbearing, boastful proud they let-loose, 
 To persecute and oppress the helpless poor. 
 If you abhor falling (2), into this sin^ 
 The instrument and art of escape how simple ! 
 
 Scholars. 
 
 9. 
 
 Some learnedly voracious of brief essays, 
 On bench, or at feast, diligently read, 
 Some with harp and sabre restlessly rove. 
 Intent on insulting the careful and solid.
 
 50 
 
 ANALYTICAL READER. 
 
 10 
 
 S>i2 
 
 tsioli 
 
 kw antr 
 
 >1 
 ^ kwan 
 
 
 ■hu 
 
 foil 
 
 
 sai 
 
 UDO- 
 
 /hh ^^^^^ 
 
 kieu 
 ■^^^ full 
 
 11 
 
 IB 
 
 2iil 
 
 M.;t\'u 
 
 A^' 
 
 94^ ren 
 
 ^"tseu 
 
 f ^ ts'ieli 
 Hi??*- 
 
 Jfe nuug 
 ^ keug 
 
 ^ 
 
 'tscli 
 ^:^^kwaii 
 
 yien 
 cliih 
 
 jW^ tsien 
 cli'eu 
 
 12 
 
 ■ o 
 
 kiau 
 
 m ch^aog 
 
 y ^ siicu 
 
 >♦« tsib 
 
 ^ki 
 tsih 
 
 /p. heu 
 
 Vy*.^ 
 
 funj 
 
 'cli'cu 
 
 siaiifr 
 
 Wy 
 
 in 
 
 !^| kliili 
 
 4, 
 
 kwe 
 Ii^ien 
 
 c 
 
 ^^ ■ 
 ^Y* sum 
 
 13 I 
 i=tl 
 
 ts'au 
 
 j^-'ch- 
 
 ill 
 
 yuin 
 
 ^^k^v^a 
 Jti4 
 
 3> pu 
 
 ^ kung 
 
 M 
 
 rain 
 
 :!k>I 4 
 
 liau 
 
 ik^i 
 
 tsinsf 
 
 cliu 
 
 14 
 
 :li'eu 
 
 jjl^llih 
 
 kieli 
 
 /p'clmi >^ 
 
 cli'anir 
 
 ^ts^Lien 
 
 7^ 
 
 Tl^tau 
 
 
 liwan 
 hu 
 
 ^ 
 
 3i- 
 
 keu 
 
 wu 
 
 J^ liau 
 
 i^' 
 
 liiu 
 
 ^ 
 
 "lieu 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 fu
 
 TRANSLATION. 51 
 
 10. 
 
 Some are corpses in office^ barren mandarins, 
 Some covet bliss and sacrifice to Buddha. 
 Of their Pharisee (s) friends, 
 The wheel, they should look-at, upturned. 
 
 Husbandmen. 
 
 11. 
 
 In clay and mud running and walking, 
 I stealthy recognize the farmer ploughman, 
 At the pools irrigating, in the mists planting, 
 Brushing-off the dews, and trampling the dust. 
 
 12. 
 
 In suburban grounds, he gathers and stores, 
 The fruits of successive (2) thick abundance, 
 In the jfield thinks of solemn judgment. 
 Bending kneels, and piously seeks. 
 
 Artisans. 
 
 13. 
 
 They wield the foot-rule^ whirl the pound-a^re. 
 
 Are boastful of heroic steps. 
 
 Bows, arrows, vessels, materials, 
 
 Fine and coarse, they manufacture or cast. 
 
 Merchants. 
 14. 
 
 They refund prices, exhaust payments, 
 Coins lihe knives surround on-either-hand. 
 If they should-reflect on the final end, 
 With connected steps, they would run and go.
 
 i)Z 
 
 ANALYTICAL llEADKK. 
 
 m 
 
 15^ 
 
 m^ tsi 
 
 16 
 
 tsing 
 
 mai 
 
 mai 
 
 fm slianj 
 
 
 k'ioh 
 
 ymg 
 
 yen 
 3 
 tail 
 
 JlL kiang 
 
 yang 
 
 1i 
 
 pc 
 
 kia 
 
 J1IL= 
 
 >^^ 
 
 #^^3 
 
 ticn 
 
 cbancr 
 
 ^ kung 
 
 ^ shue 
 
 ' yiii 
 1 
 fan 
 
 ^2 ,,. 
 ^y^ cli len 
 
 ?i 
 
 man 
 
 p3 
 
 111 
 
 J^^i^g 
 
 k'u 
 
 4 
 4 
 
 ^^ k'iiiDg 
 
 ts'anof 
 
 
 ts'ih 
 
 k'an 
 
 cli*eu< 
 
 18 
 
 k'ch 
 
 Jllf-'poh 
 
 ^S^ kvven 
 
 me 
 
 'cli*un 
 
 -53^4. 
 
 liiaii 
 '2 
 
 fs^ ye 
 
 
 pe 
 
 ■^^ chau 
 1 
 shwai 
 
 >l^^lien 
 
 
 nu 
 
 pe 
 
 ^:^ liuni 
 client 
 
 clieh 
 
 
 m ho 
 
 4 
 
 iiSl 
 
 cheD2 
 
 1^ shu 
 ^Ui^ cluing 
 
 ^\ 
 
 S:^4 4t^4 , 
 
 p^ hii I fJX p an 
 
 -=^ YU 
 
 keng 
 
 '^^^ jniL tau 
 
 k'ans 
 
 .Art, 
 
 1*^ 
 
 ning 
 yuin 
 
 i\i^\ li^^'c I'^i*^-^ we 
 
 *^ yicn 
 
 ^^ pan 
 J3 f^ii^g
 
 TRANSLATION. 53 
 
 15. 
 
 At the market corner at the welPs brink, 
 Buying and seUing is the stranger merchant. 
 He rejects (leaves) or welcomes precipitous 
 
 islands, 
 The smooth or rough of rivers or oceans. 
 
 16. 
 
 Double ten-myriads, holds in his palm, 
 Tributes and duties are vast and numerous, 
 0/* money full, he dreads (thinks-of) theft — 
 Locate your treasury in the concave azure. 
 
 The Family. 
 
 17. 
 
 Worthy relatives, see acceptance. 
 Brother gems, elder-sister and younger. 
 Pure filial piety, a father delights-in, 
 The humble and weak, protects, comforts. 
 
 18. 
 Meanness (2) begins decay, 
 Be-kind and sparing to slaves and maids. 
 Widely defend the root and fountain, 
 Tranquility and peace will certainly com- 
 fort you. 
 
 Officers. 
 
 19. 
 
 They divine the virtuous, test the worthy. 
 Bearing government, repay fidelity, 
 They capture the rebel, restrain the robber. 
 Examine the stamp, distribute the seals.
 
 6i 
 
 ANALYTICAL KIvADKR. 
 
 20 
 
 
 plU 
 
 tsu 
 
 ijX p^ 
 
 ■^^"kieli 
 55 miau 
 I'^^kiiDg 
 
 
 ivr 
 
 kia 
 
 tseu 
 
 BE cliih 
 
 [^j kw'au 
 
 ^f 
 
 ii 
 
 21 
 
 2:1 
 
 24 
 
 
 ^E:^ 
 
 p an 
 
 ^2 
 -t| kie 
 
 1m 
 
 FW ban 
 
 1 . 
 
 sinix 
 
 m? ts leu 
 
 I 
 
 m' 
 
 K4 
 
 yien 
 
 liu 
 yoh 
 
 ;v4 
 
 suns' 
 
 su 
 
 fl'^^ 
 
 te 
 
 Vv'Um \M\ 
 
 m 
 
 uli 
 ^^;^ tien 
 
 ffl ^^''iJ'.g 
 
 i4. 
 ^1 
 
 _^meng , 
 
 
 Jg^cU'i 
 
 I liwai 
 
 1^ an 
 
 y^ 
 
 
 m 1 . 
 
 m 
 
 
 kien 
 
 hoh 
 
 ^'3 
 
 na 
 
 cliiiau 
 yien 
 
 cli'auj 
 
 Iv'Ll 
 
 IV 
 
 ^t^ 
 
 seh 
 
 •^61* 
 
 *' 
 
 JLt^S, , 
 
 ^ k'en 
 
 4 i '-^ 1 
 
 tcu J^ peng 
 
 {^2,. 
 
 P|l 
 
 iianir 
 
 kiien 
 
 Tfcl^2 
 
 '^'cb'iii 
 
 '^'kin, 
 
 tu 
 
 K|\'iu 
 
 pail 
 
 * iJ hen 
 
 1 
 cli'en 
 
 I 
 lun 
 
 kw'^ 
 
 ang 
 
 ^i 
 
 «^'ch'ien ^'lieh 
 
 kien 
 
 ts^an 
 
 tseli
 
 TRANSLATTOX. 55 
 
 20. 
 
 If guests or subordinates hinder and obstruct 
 "The fault seek in my unworthy person '^ 
 They wait the chariot report their office, 
 How too-many broad, capacious minds ? 
 
 Good Worhs^ 
 21. 
 Hill and cliff, icith dawn they arrive-at, 
 The Lake and Han, by star-light pass-over, 
 To prolong happy-life, medicine present, 
 For needy hunger, provision contribute. 
 
 22. 
 
 Uneven sideling ground they settle, 
 Tumbling decaying banks they strengthen, 
 Whence would they fight and quarrel 
 Dirt and filth provoke and draw ? 
 
 Retribution, 
 23. 
 
 The cautious, dignified, scrupulous in cove- 
 nant. 
 Whose praises and rewards seem dazzling. 
 In the turning of an eye, fall and die. 
 And dread to behold gloom and darkness. 
 
 24. 
 Guilt's net soine perversely encounter. 
 The prosperous road is closed, stopped-up, 
 Hugging vain regrets they sink-down (2), 
 Much-more those who combine cruelty and 
 theft.
 
 no 
 
 wj 
 
 25 
 
 2 - 
 tllll 
 
 -» 
 
 ^Ihe 
 
 liufr 
 
 :fti 
 
 g|SV 
 
 t'uu 
 
 tA^l 
 
 PMsh 
 
 •H^ shell 
 '^ mill 
 y— I slieu 
 ^^vaii 
 
 liwe 
 
 
 ti* 
 
 sh 
 
 2U 
 
 ANALYTICAI. RF-ADEU. 
 
 :ia 
 
 ^J2< yiieii 
 we 
 
 ku 
 
 r4 
 
 1^^ 
 
 mo 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ki 
 
 jgyu 
 
 
 nai 
 
 s^ 
 
 kwa 
 
 53 . 
 4 tin Of 
 
 >fct chu 
 
 jfVah 
 
 11 
 
 28 29 
 
 uen 
 
 
 cilia 
 
 kansf 
 
 frch 
 
 
 JeS^'liuen 
 
 M' 
 
 ku 
 >^4 
 
 [t sliin 
 
 fang 
 
 i^nft3 
 
 tau 
 
 ^^"liu2f 
 J^ cheu 
 
 lo 
 5 
 full 
 
 ^ 
 
 mau 
 
 ^^fah 
 
 piau I gj^ paiDg 
 
 .--fang 
 
 she 
 
 A»m leu 
 
 ^^*i^ 7 
 J^^ f' 
 
 Vai 
 
 P*ch 
 
 j;:|^k^an 
 
 chu 
 
 W 
 
 /fg suh 
 
 I Jt^ shell g 
 
 ^t'o 
 
 SI 
 
 sians: 
 
 'chains: 
 
 ^ shan 
 
 ■1 
 sh 
 
 ^Vuh
 
 TRANSLATION. 57 
 
 The Malicious. 
 
 25. 
 
 Corrupt cliques, venemous serpents, 
 Lead companies to swallow, and devour, 
 Their tongues honey, they sell sweet words^ 
 Destroy capture, and rest on force. 
 
 26. 
 They vent spleen and rely on power. 
 He shall sound the drum at evening season — ■ 
 From the brink retire, the mountain overleap^ 
 (0) Few will bear the duty in your stead. 
 
 Detached Images. 
 
 27. 
 Board pillars, and tile towers, 
 Merely exhibit the pattern decreed; 
 The belt to bind, the kerchief to suspend, 
 Have scattered pearls for outside ornaments, 
 
 28. 
 
 Rabid dogs oppress their neighbors — 
 To their hard rage, gently yield, 
 They let-out gall and bare their bellies, 
 But a hair (2) out of place they slander and 
 pierce. 
 
 29. 
 
 House cottage, loft or terrace, 
 We only can dwell-in for a night's-lodging, 
 Cattle with camels, unicorns with elephants ; 
 Birds dart ; lions spring suddenly.
 
 68 
 
 ANALYTICAL READER. 
 
 30 WS^ 31 
 
 32 
 
 mo 
 
 -Ai^'l 
 
 su 
 
 'clique g 
 
 2. 
 jan 
 
 HP? chau 
 
 ^w> 
 
 •It;' 
 
 ^ ting 
 
 nfrt4 
 
 ^ 
 
 king 
 
 1 . 
 sien 
 
 ^' 
 
 ku 
 
 ^ y^ mang 
 
 ts'oh 
 
 1 
 
 ch'a 
 
 # 
 
 yang 
 
 mo 
 
 gH chin 
 
 :^'ko 
 
 fung 
 
 ^^^tsien 
 
 Jj|Vah 
 Jj ta 
 
 jH^kih 
 
 Tf^ kwan 
 mS tai 
 
 I, pau 
 
 J^ p^ien 
 
 2 
 hung 
 
 y^^k^oh 
 
 yC^ ch'uns 
 
 ^fe 
 
 ^\uh 
 * poj man 
 yyC cheh 
 
 33 
 
 H2 
 
 yien 
 
 jlj^fang 
 
 kia 
 kiau 
 
 chan 
 
 lih 
 
 l>ipe 
 
 
 P^ 
 
 ' ch^unn 
 i shell 
 
 2 . 
 
 sum 
 
 f&i 
 
 ^rt tseug 
 
 yuh 
 ^koh 
 
 tun 
 
 ItC yuen 
 
 pu 
 
 yu 
 l^'she 
 
 we 
 
 34 
 ^^nang 
 
 chan 
 
 ^3 
 pu 
 
 kwo 
 PR 4 , 
 
 rjj cneu 
 yeh 
 
 ^^ 
 
 soh 
 
 ^^ ch*i 
 
 kan 
 Ian 
 
 IK^ 
 
 ^[5 siii 
 
 sum 
 
 'S* kwan 
 5^^ch'iie
 
 TRANSLATION. 69 
 
 30. 
 
 Move a millstone, and you wake insects. 
 Kindle a lamp, you enlighten the blind. 
 Make-haste to he ashamed of faults (2) 
 Look up, long to see and be-united icitli God, 
 
 Benienibrance of Christ 
 
 31. 
 
 Oft remember the nail's pain — 
 
 Christ at-last expired at the weapon's point, 
 
 The thorny crown, his head bore, 
 
 His robe skirts waved red. 
 
 Q 
 
 2. 
 
 They clipped a branch to scourge and strike, 
 Tliirst}^, decreed him the briny c?,ep-full. 
 His leg bones, thejj toere slow to break — 
 Favor and age in-turn were added. 
 
 00 
 
 He sternly cautioned against false leaven, 
 For-a-short-time declined the trembling cup, 
 Sellers of doves fled the court. 
 Also catchers of fish, shooters of game. 
 
 34. 
 
 The sack rent, flax must mend, 
 The fruit-tree cursed had leaves fat. 
 They sought a beast to ride to Olivet (2) 
 Coming-to Zion trumpets (tubes) were-blown.
 
 60 
 
 ANAI.YTIOAI- BEADRR. 
 
 #IE 
 
 cbm 
 
 pah 
 
 tsau 
 
 yiu 
 
 yung 
 fl^ shen 
 0Wiu 
 
 pg miau 
 
 2 
 Ch^i 
 
 
 
 ^ Hi 
 
 hbA eu 
 
 36 
 ijfl^^soh 
 
 hia 
 
 ^'p^an 
 
 ]EQ tau 
 
 -^ teu 
 
 pien 
 
 I 
 cheu 
 
 l^*ki 
 
 I'han 
 
 
 ^Cd'^cliang 
 
 we 
 
 ch^iu 
 
 
 ^> 
 
 ^
 
 TRANSLATION. 61 
 
 85. 
 
 He revives the withered, plucks the grass. 
 Pardons the brave, enlarges the prisoner. 
 The a&-original tribes, as well as Ch^i and Lu ; 
 ^H classes shall come to Mm military or civil. 
 
 Apostles of the Faith 
 
 86. 
 
 North and South, by the compass they tread. 
 Compare the pole-star to distinguish lands, 
 Through extreme cold, and extreme heat, 
 They drag the staff and girdle the globe. 
 
 Notes. 
 
 2, Judges, lit. doubts, according to classic precedent used here 
 
 for J^, to decide a doubt ; to purpose. 
 Redresses, lit. puts snow on, allays the burning wrongs. 
 Gloomy palace, the Powers of Darkness. 
 4. Generalize, lit. push, i.e., push the comparison, ^§ ^ 
 
 6. J^ lit. matter, substance. Wash feet and head ; or from 
 
 foot to head. 
 The Chinese commentary says, " by baptism." 
 10. i.e., take warning by their fate. 
 
 13. Heroic stepsr=lofty climbing. 
 
 14. ^^, a fountain is often used as a synonym for ^ money ; 
 
 which anciently was knife-shaped. 
 16. J^, a rule or canon ; to hold as mortgage. 
 
 19. Repay favor with fidelity. i|^ alsomeans defeat. 
 
 20. The language of a good officer, who makes himself responsi- 
 
 ble. Guests, retainers. 
 26. Denounce them at the eveninej of time, the end of the world. 
 
 Reformation is a personal affair. 
 28 Gall, also used for courage or audacity.
 
 62 Notes. 
 
 29. It is not easy to discover the pertinence of several expres- 
 sions in this part of the chapter, but let it he remem- 
 bered, they were put together merely for the purpose 
 of using up a residuum of characters fur which no 
 place could be found elsewhere. 
 
 32. See Isaiah 58.10 for explanation of last line. 
 
 33. m An enclosure; hence game enclosed for a battue; :4T[^ 
 
 to hunt. 
 35. All nations, savage or civilized, shall alike submit; and all 
 classes be numbered among his followers. Lii, the 
 family name of Kiang T'ai-kung, Eu, Euyang-siu ; 
 the one celebrated for military, the other for literary 
 genius, here employed to represent two grand divisic-ns 
 of society.
 
 «3 
 
 CHAPTER IV.
 
 64 
 
 ANALYTICAL READER. 
 
 ti 
 
 m 
 
 ^chang 
 
 m 
 
 ch*eu 
 lie 
 
 1 Fl 
 ^'micn 
 
 shoh 
 yj huin 
 
 tsin 
 
 o . 
 
 leu 
 
 cliih 
 
 ^ mo 
 
 1^ ch^eu 
 
 ch'ien 
 
 iiii*2 
 
 slianfr 
 
 2 
 H>2 
 
 mu 
 
 jrRSclric 
 & k^ii 
 
 m 
 
 mi 
 t^an 
 
 
 tsvan 
 
 k'eu 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 4 
 
 ] 
 
 4 
 ch'ang 
 
 fan 
 fkii 
 
 /Ji^ meu 
 
 ^'lan 
 
 liau 
 
 jau 
 
 •U 
 
 
 tai 
 
 ki 
 
 Bt'^ 
 
 cw e 
 
 lung 
 
 95 ts'ien 
 
 Wt wu 
 
 §^4 
 p^ miu 
 
 pS chuh 
 
 siau 
 
 4 
 ^i*V sum 
 
 liiang 
 
 IL su 
 7|;g shiianf 
 
 
 ^^hia 
 T^ffi liwe 
 /jvfC lin 
 
 7^ ts^ai 
 
 ch'ue 
 
 fQ tiau 
 
 >i^2 
 
 >;^ yin 
 ^^^ ban 
 
 i> lau 
 
 3^ chu 
 
 3 
 
 tih 
 
 5^\heh 
 ^B:f2 
 
 siau j B/Rj t'iau
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 MISCELLAIS-EOTIS TOPICS. 
 
 Tlie Voice of Nature. 
 1. 
 
 In connected steps trace the Creator^ s merit, 
 Yery few are its defects (2), 
 He cast-forth and gave esich-tJiing its class, 
 Tuck-up your clothes, together worship. 
 
 2. 
 
 Of model forms, the mystery if you toould 
 
 fathom, 
 Perplexing sorely is their full abundance, 
 Yon would almost expect the blind and deaf. 
 All to repent their mistakes and errors. 
 
 Meteorology. 
 
 a 
 
 The clear air encircles us^ 
 We gaze attentive on the storied vault, 
 The sunset's lustre has a forest of beauties, 
 The rainbow splendor passes-over and melts. 
 
 4. 
 
 Swift thunder fiercely echoes, 
 
 The herb, frost hastens to wither. 
 
 In bright and cloudy, drought and flood. 
 
 We wistfully behold Nature^s Alchemist (2).
 
 66 
 
 AKALYTICAL RKADKR. 
 
 J^'k'au 
 
 ^^2 
 
 kiu 
 hwan 
 
 Wk'a 
 
 ch^aog 
 
 toan 
 
 kw'ob 
 hiah 
 
 ^\. 
 
 m 
 
 wa 
 
 ch^i 
 
 iS ch'U 
 
 
 # 
 
 PL 2 
 
 4!f^ 
 
 ping 
 
 ch'eng 
 
 chan 
 
 jj hwah 
 
 tans: 
 fg kiaug 
 
 ■ 2 
 
 m' 
 ^*\\ 
 
 PlDg 
 
 yien 
 
 yai 
 
 hiah 
 
 ^A2 
 
 man 
 
 moh 
 '^ pau 
 5|| kwoh 
 
 1^ 
 
 7 ^ 
 
 '^ pi en 
 
 'ch'en 
 
 
 yia 
 ^Hp wu 
 
 tseu 
 ^5 ch^un 
 
 ^^^ shwang 
 
 ^^t^ wan 
 
 i 
 
 chih 
 
 4 
 
 chuh 
 
 |-tr chan 
 
 4 . 
 yien 
 
 P^^iiau 
 
 
 m 
 
 sheh 
 
 ;^^ kwe 
 i#^sh 
 
 
 feu 
 
 niiu 
 
 ^ki 
 
 ^^\eng 
 
 ir- 
 
 yien 
 
 suan 
 
 
 ch'u 
 ch'eu 
 
 'tai 
 ch'in2 
 
 jjPch'iian 
 
 uau 
 
 14 . 
 
 tl 
 
 ggStsoh 
 
 tsao 
 
 hien 
 mih 
 
 tsiu 
 
 ^^chih 
 ^^^sheh 
 
 pan 
 
 2 
 tsi
 
 TRANSLATlOBf. 6? 
 
 Geography* 
 5. 
 
 Search, explore, the circle of space, 
 The long and short, broad and narrow, 
 Bulged and sunken, rough and uneven, 
 Ping's and Yien's, cliffs and passes. 
 
 6. 
 
 If you mistake the cross road; take a path 
 
 for a short-cut : 
 An urgent journey, a precipice interrupts, 
 Extending boundaries, and opening territories, 
 Barbarous and savage are embraced (2). 
 
 Time* 
 
 7. 
 We talk a morning, and are startled by'noon, 
 Passing in review spring and autumn ; 
 The twin orbs gallop-on (2), 
 On the dial, the departing shadow floats. 
 
 8. 
 
 Quietly observe evening and morning, 
 Kindling flame ignites sulphur, 
 Globe and transverse verify calculation. 
 Rapidly, suddenly Time rushes-on (2). 
 
 Hills and Waters. 
 9. 
 
 The Tai Mountains are lofty and eminent, 
 The We stream is a distant reach, 
 They chisel steeps and look for fords; 
 They mount, wade, cling, and climb.
 
 C8 
 
 ANALYTICAL RBADER 
 
 10 
 
 ts'ue 
 
 A 
 
 p*ai 
 
 
 "prt liwan^ 
 
 au 
 
 i^i 
 
 m 
 
 ki 
 
 J^ ch^iai 
 
 cheD 
 
 
 wan 
 
 ki 
 
 ^ t uug 
 ^ keu 
 
 2 
 
 ^I^JVih 
 
 t auGf 
 
 ^'^\iah 
 
 ^^ liau 
 
 
 lln 
 
 tsien 
 
 
 rii 
 
 ^5^ tsiang 
 
 4 
 au 
 
 
 la 
 
 ch*au 
 
 12 
 »*fman 
 
 ban 
 
 i^ 
 
 linof 
 
 #rn 
 
 .«.''lu 
 
 sih 
 
 fu 
 
 '^''liau 
 
 m 
 
 pan 
 
 gaVe 
 
 .^^4 
 
 t'i 
 
 miau 
 
 JffL au 
 
 !^ jau 
 
 13 ^ 
 
 .S. 
 
 liwa 
 
 tl 
 
 \ . 
 sie 
 
 tiau 
 
 laDCf 
 
 zlX^T, 
 
 ,kbl 
 
 i*&^ 
 
 full 
 kie 
 
 ^)b kiah 
 yiu 
 
 H. 
 
 Jh&^ ck'ien 
 liDL 
 
 lien 
 
 mien 
 
 <!y^ chw'ang 
 
 ^'fuh 
 
 a 
 
 tseu 
 
 14 
 
 ^^:liai 
 AW 
 
 ;^L shuh 
 
 2 
 sians 
 
 iW'^lin 
 
 kiu 
 
 ^yien 
 "^ch^in! 
 
 ^Si^ 
 
 W 
 
 ria 
 
 liiu 
 
 J.5 
 
 tien 
 
 me 
 
 /tSS keu
 
 TRANSLATION. 69 
 
 10. 
 
 Summits green are ranged like sea-shells, • 
 In the tide yellow sMps sail like race-horses. 
 Mysterious changes ! skill extreme ! 
 Noble enjoyments are therein conveyed. 
 
 Classes of Men. 
 11. 
 
 The uncombed lad serves the aged greybeard. 
 The courteous (2) the daring, the generous, 
 Are selected for promotion, stimulated by 
 
 praise : 
 Flatterers, and proud, are 6?iife/or ridicule (2). 
 
 12. 
 Some are stupid (2) some sprightly (2), 
 Explain (2) to the skin and hair (to a nicety). 
 From the womb (2) paired and joined. 
 Admirable mysteries are very abundant. 
 
 Palaces and Houses. 
 
 13. 
 Houses have painted arbors, carved ve- 
 
 r^mdahs. 
 Double stair-ways, opposite windows, 
 Elegant railings joined together, 
 Gauze window-panes in clusters, (2). 
 
 14. 
 Studio, school, academy and college, 
 Garner, kitchen, privy, stable — these 
 Prolong fehcity, and welcome good-fortune. 
 A shameful act will stain the door-post (2).
 
 70 
 
 ANALYTICAL READER. 
 
 15 
 
 'koh 
 
 I 
 
 ch iu 
 
 i|ch' 
 
 hih 
 
 tsan 
 
 M 
 
 y»ni2 
 
 choh 
 2 
 hwan 
 
 kin 
 
 p'i 
 
 siu 
 
 p^e 
 
 if^ ts'an 
 Ian 
 
 y^ hwe 
 ^3g hwang 
 
 16 
 
 in 
 
 I 
 
 yau 
 
 I 
 kin 
 
 siu 
 
 yien 
 
 
 man 
 
 'lingr 
 
 hien 
 
 > ^ 2 
 
 -j^ hwang 
 
 ^^ loan 
 J^ cuwang 
 
 ^Jl hwang 
 
 17 n\ 
 
 ^-beh 
 
 ^iilC2 
 
 W 
 
 p'lng 
 
 ts ai 
 
 fp^tsie 
 
 p3£ shwe 
 
 3* 
 
 mien 
 
 t^ah 
 2 
 
 chw'ans 
 
 ^1 
 
 yunc 
 siin 
 
 pi 
 chu 
 
 m hwe 
 
 chu 
 
 wan 
 
 
 0^ yiiiii 
 pih 
 ts ai 
 
 /|*^ ch'u 
 
 >^^ wen 
 
 pan 
 
 fl 
 
 -^ip kien 
 lu 
 
 shu 
 
 'jnt 
 
 ^\s' 
 
 un 
 
 /kl 
 
 chu 
 
 .>»* ch 
 
 m 
 
 pih 
 
 -^ ts'ing 
 JU heng 
 ^/j* tan 
 
 hu 
 
 loh 
 chunj 
 
 m 
 
 ^g" ch'ing 
 
 2 
 '"ch'in 
 
 Bj3 
 
 j^Vang 
 
 lu
 
 TRANSLATION. 71 
 
 Clothes and Ornaments, 
 
 15. 
 LineDj fur, silk, and hemp. 
 Hair-pin, pendant, bracelet, ring, 
 Brocade cloak, embroidered side-piece, 
 Sparkling, bright, brilliant, splendid. 
 
 16. 
 
 Dazzling radiant skirts and sleeves, 
 Veil the image with borders and fringes; 
 When even the aged's years are limited and 
 
 brief, 
 What-leisure is there to dote-on ornament (2)! 
 
 Vessels and Utensils, 
 17. 
 
 We examine the square vessel^ and criticise 
 
 materials, 
 We borrow means to aid and assist, 
 We slumber and sleep on couch and bed. 
 Breakfast and sup with spoon and chopstick. 
 
 18. 
 
 Flourish the fly-brush, grasp the rein. 
 Lick the pen, trim the paper. 
 Safely store, securely provide. 
 Each kind and piece record in-order. 
 
 Precious Stones, 
 
 19. 
 Such are the inch pearl, the span gem. 
 Green emerald, red coral, 
 Also the Loh's bell, the Sze's barp-stone. 
 Chain's tripod. Tang's censer.
 
 72 
 
 ANALYTICAT, RKADEU. 
 
 
 20 
 
 m 
 
 lino: 
 
 laug 
 
 43 
 
 hu 
 
 SX^ 
 
 111 
 
 21 
 
 rs 
 
 ma 
 
 :«3 
 
 nau 
 
 Wll 
 
 i^' 
 
 fu 
 
 chang 
 
 >2 
 
 te yuDg 
 
 lie 
 
 "Kg ts an 
 
 
 ^.hiili 
 
 
 1 
 
 siaii 
 
 
 i^S-i'' 
 
 
 m 
 
 .y 1 
 
 fun IT 
 
 > nil -^ 
 
 [Ml'^liwc 
 
 ^ ting 
 bung 
 
 H'yuin 
 
 ^^ k'en 
 
 1 . 
 
 ts'iauo- 
 
 au 
 
 y^ 
 
 liu 
 
 4t^ ling 
 ^^lieli 
 
 keno; 
 
 
 inn 
 
 an 
 
 y^ 
 
 siu 
 
 ts'eli 
 
 iiif^yi-n 
 
 f/7 fen 
 
 mc 
 
 24 
 
 ^*siu 
 
 YJJ3 cliiian 
 
 ^IB cLuni: 
 
 t. 
 
 tai 
 2 
 henor 
 
 «2 
 
 ^ yaug 
 
 > liu 
 
 To ^^^^ 
 
 t\au 
 
 
 noan 
 
 fQ poll 
 
 *l nai 
 
 tunor 
 
 -.6.4 
 
 
 cli*en 
 hcu 
 
 uiau2C 
 >^> king 
 
 ^ yiien 
 
 1 
 ban 
 
 PI t' 
 
 ling J 
 
 yung
 
 TRANSLATION. 73 
 
 20. 
 
 Ling and lang, amber and ebony, 
 Cornelian (2) and agate i'2.), 
 Magnificent (2) and sparkling (2) — 
 Treasured (2) they contain enjoyment. 
 
 Sounds mid Music. 
 21. 
 
 Blow the bamboo flute^ beat the silken 
 
 cliord^ 
 Play the Siao and Shau, press holes^ touch 
 
 heys — 
 Pleasure's rhymes softly jingle (2), 
 The Lin-ling (2) sounds like tearing silk. 
 
 22. 
 
 The Billow's dash, the cliff turns-back, 
 Thunder booms, hghtning flashes — 
 Concert singing must he harmonious (2), 
 The seeming piper is ashamed-of discovery^. 
 
 Flowers and Trees. 
 23. 
 
 As the rouged beauty or starched belle, 
 Blooming, elegant, specially favored, 
 Are tlie dark shadowed willow (2), 
 And the green shaded wut'ung (2). 
 
 24. 
 
 The peach and plum contend for warmth, 
 The fir and cypress endure winter. 
 Profiting-by the season, ripening into beauty, 
 Garden and park intoxicate with hai'mony.
 
 74 
 
 ANALYTICAL READER. 
 
 <7f^ 
 
 pan 
 
 y^ fang 
 
 '4. 
 KJI 1 
 
 wA^ 
 
 mu 
 
 P9 
 
 hiuh 
 ^Vai 
 
 ^chu 
 
 kw e 
 
 J^^ 
 
 'shih 
 
 ^kie 
 
 26 
 
 J^ cliiicli 
 
 yuh 
 
 y^ fen 
 
 Pl= 
 
 tsii 
 
 Al 
 
 kioli 
 
 mi 
 
 kw'ai 
 
 i^l 
 
 4 . 
 sien 
 
 V: 
 
 '^ shan 
 
 27 
 I'M 2 
 
 t*eng 
 
 [Vuh 
 
 m4 
 
 j^ 
 
 jue 
 
 fun or 
 
 tu 
 
 cliiiau 
 
 ^& t'ai 
 
 lin 
 
 au 
 
 rhwa 
 
 %V^ 
 
 liu 
 
 28 
 
 M. 
 
 ki 
 
 ff 
 
 t'un 
 chah 
 
 ^ch' 
 
 i\m <^^'^^g 
 
 liian 
 
 •»w hao 
 •J 
 
 au 
 
 ^1 
 
 'hunsf 
 
 tu 
 
 P>^ ts loh 
 
 i^4 1 
 
 chau 
 
 
 kill 
 
 .^ p'^°g 
 
 kVW 
 
 J^'^p'au 
 
 ^ 
 
 29 
 
 
 TES 
 
 ts'u 
 cli'ioh 
 
 kwe 
 pill 
 
 yuen 
 
 to 
 
 
 en 
 
 ao 
 
 'flp" kino;
 
 TRANSLATION. 75' 
 
 Herbs and Vegetables. 
 25. 
 
 Full fed on fragrant aroma, 
 Work your acres, store your herbs, 
 Divide the melon, pluck the pot-plant, 
 Boil the sun-flower, gather mustard. 
 
 26. 
 Pick and break, the confined fragrance. 
 Chewing (2) increases pleasure, 
 Why long for stenches and odors, 
 Meats and viands, profuse, extravagant? 
 
 Birds and Beasts. 
 
 27. 
 Mounting, 6o(?^s prosperity; brooding, good- 
 luck, 
 The phoenix soars. The kilin roams : 
 The horse (2; runs and gallops. 
 The luan and stork gyrate and hover. 
 
 28. 
 
 Chickens live in coops, pigs in lattice styes; 
 Wild-geese on sand-banks, magpies in nests ; 
 Their food (2) is spread ready — 
 Who is anxious what to bake in kitchen? 
 
 Fishes. 
 
 29. 
 The scaly-tribe (2) numerous swarms, 
 The recoi'd themes are plain and reliable, 
 Tortoise, terrapin, turtle, water-Kzzard, 
 Leviathan (2) whale and crocodile.
 
 76 
 
 ANALYTICAL llEADER. 
 
 M 
 
 30 
 
 ViA ,sllC 
 
 31 m 
 
 L.s ail 
 
 32 
 
 Ati 
 
 1 
 
 mflnnvann' &a)'cliih 
 
 kiiih 
 ::xt Ilia 
 
 -gg ts^iob 
 
 Jf'lau 
 
 liian 
 
 ITfv* 
 
 tW'k^i^ 
 
 ^»^\'iau 
 
 ml 
 
 yoh 
 
 m: 
 
 cliu 
 tsu 
 
 yin 
 
 m 
 
 IW2 
 
 'cli'an 
 
 j 
 
 P^^ 
 
 -^MNlshang 
 'llRj chanoj 
 
 sue 
 
 r^^'^ 
 
 ^oli 
 
 cli'eu 
 yih 
 
 
 
 1 t 
 
 p au 
 
 
 uan 
 
 Jich 
 
 fed. 
 \^ 1 
 
 JM t'lian 
 
 ?J bung 
 2 
 ins' 
 
 ^v^^^ 
 
 mo 
 
 I^^shun 
 
 
 ch'i 
 
 *' 
 
 sm 
 
 33 
 
 ^^micn 
 jjj?f|suh 
 
 l^^yuug 
 
 34 
 
 v.-«\'i 
 
 li'le 
 
 •Jp'suijg 
 *-9. Lwau 
 
 y^ shang ^^ pan 
 
 5R^su 
 
 31er 
 
 3 
 
 fe 
 
 ^^1^ lau 
 
 fSi^ 
 
 fJ tan 
 
 ^ 
 
 sum 
 
 1 
 
 tseu 
 
 wauf? ^^^ sbenor '^^ kins: 
 
 S''- 
 
 t^eb 
 
 san 
 
 
 rVib 
 
 biu 
 fu
 
 TRANSLATIOir, 77 
 
 It plunges a locust, and you pick-up a crab, 
 It swims a sparrow, you clutch an oyster. 
 Tlieir eggs in moisture frequent multiply, 
 For-a-moment (2) they leap and spring. 
 
 Insects, 
 
 31. 
 
 The silk-worm weaves, the spider knits. 
 The earth-worm sings, the locust hums, 
 They loiter (2) in suites of galleries. 
 Interwoven (2) in vacant halls. 
 
 32. 
 
 Throw-down meat, you catch ants. 
 Knead boiled-rice, then buz the flies — 
 Little-things ! a moment they look-about, 
 But do-not think-of grief and bitterness. 
 
 Memento 3Iori. 
 
 Be earnest, (2) grave, dignified, 
 
 Suddenly to meet eaiiy-death or late-death. 
 
 This corporeal shell is-not firm. 
 
 Faults and offences are sour and painful. 
 
 34. 
 
 With trickling tears and anxious dread : 
 Often lead your associates (2), 
 UacJi morning labor, each ten-days debate — • 
 Warn them to be in awe of dissolution (2),
 
 ANALYTICAL READER. 
 
 35 ^ 
 
 
 ibcu 
 
 :w c 
 
 •}^Jj^ 
 
 Yk^l liau 
 
 ^ taug 
 
 Pg liiiin 
 ;l^ pien 
 
 ^^ cli'ih 
 hi 
 
 m' 
 
 
 yiien 
 muh 
 
 2 
 
 7t2i 
 
 cli'iau 
 
 t'i 
 
 l^ kuiii 
 
 [2 
 
 4 yien 
 
 3r, 
 
 
 te 
 
 f 
 
 slian 
 
 
 M ts^uh 
 
 iba tsiii 
 
 7^ wan 
 ^ ell im 
 
 
 ^\ih 
 
 ell en 
 2 
 liau 
 
 ^ yau 
 
 i 
 shun 
 
 ehcn 
 kwe 
 shen 
 
 'iFp ehung 
 
 Bel i^i^ 
 XL k'ung 
 ^lit muDg 
 
 38 
 
 :hen 
 j>J"choh 
 she 
 \^ cli^un 
 
 ^^ 
 
 mi 
 
 :5C 
 
 shuano^ 
 
 ohen 
 
 ■kW ■ 
 
 T^ Piau 
 
 ehun 
 
 iK 2 . 
 
 y^ yien 
 
 ^^ shau 
 
 fu 
 '1 
 
 3 
 
 miu 
 3 
 4ii^ k'en 
 
 ;i 
 
 A
 
 TRANSLATION. 79 
 
 Exhortation. 
 
 35. 
 
 Much-more pry-into the vast grand mystery^ 
 Its noise is great without bound, 
 Brilhant (2) profound, sublime, 
 Upward look-to the venerable face. 
 
 36. 
 
 Stooping, creeping, bare-foot, kneeling, 
 Ashamed, vexed, wholly purging-away evit 
 Bowing down, (2) with reverence (2), 
 The dark and stupid gradually reform. 
 
 Virtue aiid Vice- 
 
 37. 
 
 To spur and lead the official class. 
 Point-to Yu, T^ang, Yau and Shun ; 
 As maxims and rules, for the belted scholar, 
 Take Tslu, Mingts, Confucius, Meucius. 
 
 38. 
 
 Reflect-on (2) excess and purity. 
 Of the twain distinguish mark and aim, 
 Flaming fire will consume (2) the vicious — 
 Beating the breast, earnestly entreat.
 
 80 analytical reader. 
 
 Notes. 
 
 1. Defects, gaps and leaks. Worship, knock tlic head. Pp knock. 
 
 2. Forms designed by the Creator, each the model of a class. 
 
 3. J^i Air of the hills, from |Jj and j^, mist or haze. 
 
 H The evening aurora, the ahendrothe of the Germans. 
 
 4. ^ To temper with heat, and q^ to change, transform or stir, 
 
 taken together express the operations of the chemist. 
 
 6. x> To copy, hence to correct in copying, also to take or 
 attain by a more direct road. 
 
 8. '(ij Transverse, a balance, but in connexion with ^ an 
 astronomical instrument of whose form we arc not 
 very certain. 
 
 15. jl^ To carry at the side ; anything worn at the side. 
 
 16. §lj Secondary or subordinate, used for the border of a 
 
 garment. 
 
 17. There was a vessel called 'the square.' " If the square be 
 
 not square is it a square," said Confucius, in reference 
 to some standard of judgment. 
 
 18. 5/i* '^^ touch with the tongue, as a Chinese scribe does, to 
 
 adjust the point of his pen. 
 
 19. ^ ^ The Chinese title of this verse comprehends two 
 
 classes. The antique articles named in the last two 
 lines belonsf to the first class. 
 
 ^^ f Names of rivers, ^ @ Names of dynasties. 
 
 20. In uncertainty as to some of these stones, it seems prefer- 
 
 able to retain their native names. 
 
 21. Slum and Linling are names of musical compositions. 
 
 22. The sounds of nature are represented as imitated in music. 
 
 The " seeming piper " was one who sought to pass 
 for a musician, by imitating the motions of others 
 in the band, but without hazarding a note. 
 
 28. Mat. vi. 26. 
 
 29. As kwen and cm are fabulous monsters, it will hardly be 
 
 admitted that the ichthyology of the Chinese is 
 '* plain and reliable." 
 
 30. ^ " frequent " has the double sense of the lAVi.tm frequens. 
 
 Locusts are believed to turn to crabs, and sparrows 
 to oysters. 
 
 31. The mu.-iical powers of the earth worm are confidently asserted. 
 3.). *' Noise " in a good sense, for fame. Face, the face of God. 
 
 37. Yu, T'ang, Yao, Shun, ancient Kings. 
 
 38. ^ An object aimed at, ip a line to guide by.
 
 81 
 
 PART. HI. 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 *^ >4s^ ^iH m /iv f S 
 * ^ !^ Tp tJ >P 
 
 COIS'STAI^T CHAEACTERS, A COUPLE OF 
 THOrSAlTDS — Al^ALYZED. 
 
 With a Commentary in Chinese. 
 
 Note. 
 
 The "elements" are of two kinds — perfect and imperfect. 
 Of the former, many are found in the table of radicals, and 
 others occur in the text. The rest, together with the imperfect 
 elements, are arranged in a list at the end of this Part, accord- 
 ing to the chapters in which they occur.
 
 82 
 
 
 -/- 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 0'> 
 
 
 
 iuD 
 
 
 
 y'> 
 
 A 
 P 
 
 •If t ^ 
 
 4i£ 
 
 At^ 
 
 :^ 
 
 S 
 
 BE t fe 
 
 0- 
 
 i^AI 
 
 fp^p 
 
 
 1+^ -^A-nP 
 
 ^ IE j^ 
 

 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 «3 
 
 >iV^ j[ 
 
 
 
 HP-- 
 
 ^P^P 
 
 
 ^0 
 
 
 -g^^P 
 ■pfTP 
 
 « ^ p 
 
 IP 0^ 
 
 ^ ^ -^ 
 
 /<vi$ ig 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 H 
 
 SB 
 
 eiCk 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 A 
 
 A :j-^ 
 
 DPtt 
 
 , XlA'
 
 84 
 
 '^ ^ m ^ 
 
 P^ P I 
 
 M 1 1 
 
 i^ 1 e 
 
 
 
 
 1( 
 
 
 ^IJ* !l 
 
 
 >»*3 
 
 
 fi + n 
 
 Map 
 1t^ 
 
 ^ AaE 
 
 fp^ P^ P 
 
 _tIlL 
 
 1+ 
 
 flTL 
 
 A
 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 85 
 
 A 
 A 
 
 7k 
 
 a 
 
 its 
 
 m. A 
 
 Pi A. 
 .4^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 pH 
 
 -^^ 
 
 u. 
 
 m A 
 ^. 
 
 
 n 
 
 
 X 
 
 
 
 
 J lit 55i 
 
 15 $ 
 
 K^f 
 
 r^ 

 
 8G 
 
 ^ "^ m ^ 
 
 
 ft 1 ^ 
 ^ m m 
 
 >f0 *S 
 
 ¥ 
 
 tf-^ 
 
 -x.i 
 
 K :S! 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 f*Af 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 « p B 
 
 Ei 
 
 
 
 rfii 
 
 lt^#. 
 
 >t^ 

 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 87 
 
 :^ i ^ 
 
 jii 
 
 Iff 
 
 r^ 
 
 mn 
 3 
 
 Ji 
 
 %t |# ^. 
 
 it g r 
 
 '2ir ^ -t^k 
 
 m 
 
 
 A ^ 
 
 pg 
 
 ^ 
 
 JDOL 
 
 
 ^ m M 
 
 I 
 
 in 
 
 
 H^ ^ 
 
 
 ;^» ^ 
 
 Bb 1^ Ifp 

 
 ^ ^ m =^ 
 
 '^ 
 
 
 ^ - 
 
 zjTA. 
 
 m 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 iM 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 ^ rti 
 
 
 X. 
 
 i^ 1 -^ 
 
 
 
 1^ ^ l«) 
 
 
 
 ig gi 
 
 X- 
 
 10 5^73 
 
 mi B ill 
 
 :^ 
 
 is^k 
 
 
 
 
 rfr\ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 •Hi. i 
 
 IE 
 
 ^i 
 
 w
 
 ANALTSIS OP CHARACTIRS. 
 
 89 
 
 
 
 tf-^ 
 
 ?i£ 
 
 S + ¥ 
 
 W« 
 
 J/, TfiJ 
 
 14 t ^ 
 
 
 •^1 Olfflsl 
 
 
 
 ^1 ea™ 
 
 
 PD I 
 
 lit 1 :^ 
 
 IE. %, 
 
 3E 
 
 * W 
 
 in 
 
 H 
 
 M 
 ^ 
 
 7i»i>'V 
 
 #> B9 
 
 
 :^ 
 
 A
 
 90 
 
 t ^ M ^ 
 
 
 WkB 
 
 M^ ^ '^' 
 
 ^^i-l^^Ba 
 
 
 TIM. 
 
 #i 
 
 3_ 
 
 -H- 
 
 
 
 
 
 is: a 
 
 
 HI 
 
 ±± I 
 
 IB 
 
 
 |5tV 
 
 w 
 
 J^¥ 
 
 :n-s. 
 
 % \ lb jk.7]^ 
 
 ^;^l#±4^ 
 
 ^7)n t 
 
 en iXi 
 
 
 ^^ It 
 
 •llBl ^T^i -"TIC 
 
 "ST
 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 »1 
 
 ^ 16) a 
 
 ^m Bit 
 
 m 
 
 ^:5 
 
 
 til 
 
 
 
 
 ^A-l' 
 If 1 ^ 
 
 
 -±l 
 
 1 M%^ 
 
 111 ^ij ^ itii 
 
 
 
 *At 
 
 |M| Ul 
 
 M
 
 92 
 
 *^ ^ 
 
 
 ^ =AT^ 
 
 
 
 >v^ 
 
 ]|^ 
 
 ra 
 
 -^ »^ 
 
 m m 
 
 p. TRi 
 
 
 ,!l,m m^^- 
 
 
 S 5c ) 
 
 0. 
 
 51 
 
 .TK. 
 
 K 
 
 H 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 i^. ^'i 
 
 #1 4^ ^ 
 
 ^ ^P ^ 1 
 
 
 J^, 1^ 'll' 
 
 t1i 
 
 ^ 
 
 ei B ?s 
 
 JH;f > 
 
 ?i^:ft 
 
 ^^* 
 
 ^7- rti 
 
 Aim 
 
 ^n^ 
 
 f3 b 
 
 r^ 
 
 ^ M r^ f. 
 
 
 ^ if 1 
 
 Ba* 
 
 B^5P 11^ 1^
 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 93 
 
 
 
 — M-* « 
 
 if i it 
 
 
 m I >|.|i 
 
 
 ^ ^n ffl 
 
 fit i :^ 
 
 /{ 
 
 ^ iSI 
 
 ^ IE 
 
 ;;iM M i- 
 
 
 nn 
 
 Ft. 
 
 St H 
 
 fp H 1 
 
 its i 
 
 fL 1 A 
 
 
 .111 j 
 
 it* A 
 
 w 
 
 IpTE 
 
 
 1=1 
 
 
 # t ^ 
 
 jib rib 
 
 ^tf*§ 
 
 l:^ 1 -
 
 94 
 
 "B ^ 
 
 m ^ 
 
 y^ 'h 
 
 If 
 
 >^> 
 
 1^. u 
 
 li 
 
 I th 
 
 n 
 
 % % 
 
 u 
 
 ^ u, 
 
 
 i M 
 
 i 
 
 1 M 
 
 ;^ 
 
 : j^ 
 
 p^ 
 
 f ^M 
 
 
 : * 
 
 1= 
 
 r -ta. 
 
 ^ 
 
 1 m 
 
 1 
 
 ^ m\ 
 
 ^ 
 
 \ B 
 
 f 
 
 I ^ 
 
 ;^ 
 
 . ^'Jl 
 
 •ti 
 
 L. ^ 
 
 i 
 
 I ^ 
 
 i 
 
 ^ -til. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Lk M» 
 
 
 P3 
 
 A 1 
 
 \i Pf 
 
 1^ 1^ 
 
 m 
 
 m 
 
 i* 
 
 
 m 
 
 ^ IS @t 
 ^© ± 
 TJ^M as 
 
 ^± 
 
 ffl + n 
 
 m n 
 
 532 
 
 hF9 
 
 
 pj^ ;j>|c 7K rait 
 
 m 
 
 ^ 
 
 -+ 
 
 A^ 
 
 i^ ^ 
 
 ^B 
 
 If L 
 
 ¥ 
 
 > ^ N 
 
 ^ in
 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 95 
 
 M 0- 
 
 *Ii t JL 
 
 ^Sfy 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 iisj; 
 
 
 
 ^ A ^ 
 
 ri-i^ 
 
 
 )f^ :?iT w 
 
 ft 1 ^ 
 1 
 
 it 
 -tf ^ 
 
 
 
 ^b 1 b 
 
 i ;^ 
 
 £ff ^=fc. 3 
 
 -it 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 

 
 96 
 
 m 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^sc 
 
 ^ 
 
 7^ 
 
 IE 
 
 ^1^ 
 
 »»»< 
 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 rfii 
 JIB 
 
 Ijif 
 
 -ai» 
 
 -b i^ 
 
 
 if 
 
 ■Z? (3 
 
 
 
 a' 
 
 E0^ 
 
 
 3^ 
 
 >^ 
 
 n 
 
 i2i 
 
 
 IDJ ^ ^ 
 
 
 ■SB •=!=• ta 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 A d^ 
 
 Tf 
 
 -^StfP
 
 ANALYSIS OF CHAllACTEIlSi 
 
 97 
 
 % 1 in 
 
 f ij ^ ij 
 
 S^ rail 
 
 If * i 
 
 fi 1 i 
 
 
 te t s 
 
 ^ ^ 'J" 
 
 A.® 
 
 ^ 
 
 iiu' 
 
 It ^ 
 
 
 1^ n A 
 
 
 m 
 r 
 
 m 
 
 ^vvi 
 
 
 I 
 
 r 
 
 
 
 
 Pi s +
 
 ^H 
 
 ^ ^- m ^ 
 
 pi U « 
 
 
 
 
 % -n z. 
 mmm 
 
 *»i 
 
 .^> ffl 'ii> 
 
 pl -Hi, ^ 
 
 ^»»\ 
 
 
 1. 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^^m 
 
 'fs-" 
 
 ^ 
 
 ]§^^ 
 
 T 
 
 ^^ 
 
 P 
 
 5£;f 
 
 » 
 
 ^^ 
 
 X 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 % 
 
 
 MB 
 
 K 
 
 Jjff i 
 
 S 
 
 i^:^ 
 
 t 
 
 IKfi t""M 
 
 fg } S 
 
 \ 1 * 
 
 i^ 
 
 t H
 
 ANALYSIS OP CHARACTERS. 
 
 ^9 
 
 
 
 J.'iiV 
 
 
 •ffc 
 
 A 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 S ni? 
 
 -^^ 
 
 
 
 R Cm 
 
 ft 
 
 
 «• nn 
 
 :;«: 
 
 
 
 '^?'i^ 
 
 a- 
 
 ^. ISl 
 
 
 S /^ 
 
 ic^ 
 
 B9 
 
 
 
 JtitA 
 
 
 Wots
 
 JOO 
 
 '^ ^ 
 
 
 "T- 
 
 1 ^ 
 (El n E 
 
 * ij 
 
 1^ ? $ 
 
 tf^ /> IP] 
 
 pSt s i. 
 
 m 
 
 '^ 1 ^ 
 
 - A 
 
 *^. 
 
 e 
 
 
 f J ii 
 
 il -Hi, 
 
 ^ on 
 
 
 
 ms 
 m 
 
 
 
 **>? :^ Ju 

 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 101 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 at. pW 
 
 ■J* 
 
 S^^^ 
 
 11 ^0^ 
 
 
 Kam 
 
 3^ r ^ 
 
 
 If * 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 H ^ 
 
 M, m. 
 
 ^ m 
 
 
 fi 
 
 
 I! 
 
 X- 
 
 '^ [S i 
 
 r# 
 
 
 m 
 
 # iS 
 
 M 
 
 It «^ 

 
 102 
 
 ^ ^ m ^ 
 
 IE 
 
 mm 
 Pi* 
 
 ! 
 
 
 
 
 5i 
 
 
 1^0 ^l 
 pjgg^ pa lea 
 
 p 
 
 
 
 S^ PI 
 
 
 
 W^^ 
 
 
 
 
 4 ^ 
 
 i^±^ 
 
 
 
 
 7^ 
 
 
 * 
 
 pit 3 jt 
 
 -¥-0 + 
 
 if 

 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 loa 
 
 
 T 
 
 m 
 
 I />'4> 
 
 1=1 
 
 A m. 
 
 
 ^ m. 
 
 It ^^ 
 
 ^ ^ 
 
 w 
 
 
 i:;^ 
 
 )li 
 
 >1± 
 
 + 51 
 
 ?, 1 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 ^a 
 
 •^7^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 tV* 
 
 B :'a; 
 
 §|g 
 
 Hi <)X 
 
 ^52 
 
 M^ 
 
 tl% 
 
 \Lm 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ^^ rfo 
 
 
 ^A 1"^ 
 
 ^35 
 
 ^; 
 
 iT 
 
 :»*. 
 
 "I 1 
 
 LBS I 
 
 ^ m 
 
 -^,t^ 
 
 MPf±^ Ffj 
 
 ^ ti- 
 
 ll Tf: 
 
 
 
 56 
 
 •I 
 
 ;)3>k 
 
 
 
 li
 
 104 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 -S-C 
 
 ^ 
 
 ± 
 
 
 r 
 
 
 H*^ pa ,M. 
 
 >|JUL 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 EYsm 
 
 P 
 
 B 
 
 ->^ 
 
 Bfj 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 SB 
 1 3 
 
 p f iJ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^I ^H 
 
 @ 
 
 S M« 
 
 ^ M'j m 
 
 II AT 
 
 ;i m, m, 
 
 ^, m, m, 
 
 If S^ w 
 
 ^ A K 
 
 F 
 ^ 
 
 it. ^
 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 105 
 
 m m 
 -f-TE 
 
 
 
 
 y\ /i'% 
 
 IE 
 
 R 
 
 ?1 
 
 
 } 7^ 
 
 
 
 
 A 
 
 a' I 
 
 '^.7j^ 
 
 
 # 1 ^. 
 
 
 
 ^ffi* 
 
 ;ptl^ 
 
 M an."*® 
 
 % 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 m 
 
 )N 
 
 [i^ 
 
 
 
 11 1^ 
 
 JUL 
 
 (9 tI^ R 
 
 V>i^
 
 106 
 
 1 M-^ 
 
 '^ m 
 
 
 X A 
 
 i§ t ^F ^ 
 
 ir 
 
 ^ iH^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 A 
 
 # 1 * ^5, w 
 
 
 
 ram 
 Hi I 
 
 
 i^^^A 
 
 
 *i 
 
 
 ill. 
 
 >W i t[^ 

 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTEBS. 
 
 107 
 
 so 
 
 A 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 k 
 
 wfli 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 'fit 
 
 
 iij^o 
 
 
 
 1 * 
 
 # 1 ^ 
 
 rrt y^y ZT7Z. 
 
 
 TJn 
 
 ^^ 

 
 108 
 
 ^ ^ 
 
 
 "^ 
 
 
 /► > 
 
 fi 
 
 J 
 
 
 
 
 :^»? 
 
 i^Mk >wi 
 
 
 
 
 il^\ 
 
 '^ II pT l|» 
 
 
 
 iIjM 
 
 in- 
 
 
 0^ 
 
 js 
 
 
 ii1 ^ 
 
 
 j±±* 
 
 ilrj ?3r 
 
 
 ^1 
 
 5 
 
 t il^i^f
 
 ANALYSIS OP CHARACTERS. 
 
 109 
 
 
 A, 
 
 m 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 Jtb 
 
 
 7k 
 
 1' 
 
 MO ^ 
 
 t=t 
 
 >\^ t ^ 
 
 ^^ -X- 
 
 ^'J 1 
 ^1 
 
 
 
 t 
 
 
 
 ^ m 'It 
 
 ^00 
 
 > 'ji> 
 
 @s 
 
 tJ4 
 
 
 Wm^ 
 
 
 M 
 
 a^ 
 
 P5 f ^ .:t 
 
 a& 
 
 ± 
 
 j: 
 
 ib 
 
 A. 
 IE 
 
 
 J % 
 # 
 
 da: 
 
 i ^ 
 
 jE 
 
 
 ^m. 
 
 It
 
 no 
 
 m m 
 
 IE Si 
 
 
 ^ m ^ 
 
 PM 
 
 "S^ P 
 
 W#p 
 ^ 1 ^ 
 
 :/3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 F=t 
 
 ,■■■»- 
 
 mm 
 
 A -di, 
 
 'im 
 
 
 ^ W'
 
 [^■_' ANALYSIS OP CHARACTERS. 
 
 HI 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 * 
 
 $ ij 
 
 tnT- - * - 
 
 ^ rn 
 
 Ipfirti a 
 
 'nrl 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 n 5 
 
 3153 IJ 
 
 Urn n m 
 SI 
 
 ;.^ P>t 
 
 ^ s 
 
 l>J^ IJ 
 
 
 KPA 
 
 
 -ft ^ 
 
 -H-l 
 
 ffiK * ■** 
 
 miKf< 
 
 />*>»> 
 
 ill AS 
 
 R^>BSA 
 
 m 
 
 A i 
 
 Pa! n A 
 
 5 gl 
 
 ^x^ 
 
 •It 1 1 
 
 
 # 1 rn 
 
 It5#
 
 112 
 
 515 
 
 H M % 
 
 Tp m> IP >Ci F* 
 
 f^ ^B lis 7^ TT 
 
 "if.! * 
 
 Mm 
 
 
 
 mm- 
 
 MW>'ti 
 
 IT JT 
 
 
 -inL. 
 
 m 
 
 rn-r. 
 
 
 ti 
 
 '11 1 ft 
 
 
 
 
 P ^ 
 
 7C 
 
 fl^ 
 

 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 113 
 
 IE 
 
 M. M 
 
 ^SPP 
 
 '^^^^^Z^MM 
 
 
 n 
 
 
 r^ b3 
 
 K 
 
 JPi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 } 
 
 # 1 * 
 
 pgpA 
 
 >-«- 
 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 PR u nt) 
 
 lea y\» 
 
 III!) I 
 

 
 114 
 
 ^ "^ m ^ 
 
 
 rt-:^^ 
 
 BJC #, 
 
 mm 
 
 
 ^ K 
 
 # 7lc 
 
 
 •Hi, 
 
 4 Jit 
 
 ^b 
 
 ^=t*' 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 It m, 
 
 'k 
 
 1^ 
 
 It :t^ 
 
 

 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 115 
 
 m ^ 
 
 p It 
 
 i m 
 
 
 
 
 1i 1 
 
 p^ 
 
 ¥ 
 
 Mn^ 
 
 B& t 
 
 p n 
 
 
 If* iS 
 
 
 
 
 
 •tii, 
 
 ^ 
 
 it 
 
 fi t t :^ 
 
 /£ 
 
 "I
 
 IIG 
 
 
 ^3 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pf PS 
 
 "^ B /»=• 
 
 ^js" 
 
 
 ^JDL 
 
 fm^ 
 
 rm. 
 
 
 i^J^ 
 
 
 
 m -STf iH a >=^ . „ 
 
 133 
 
 H§*f.M « 
 
 =P. ^ r^ 
 
 l^liWrr 
 
 /ha\ 
 
 E^ 
 
 
 #1 
 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 
 n 
 
 JL 
 
 H 
 
 
 115 C tS 
 
 ?s 
 
 
 w^ rfii ^ 
 
 5 3*5 
 
 l5l 
 
 f Oj W 
 
 ffl Lij la 
 
 liHiiciii 
 

 
 ANALYSTS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 117 
 
 
 A-A^ 
 
 
 
 It- 5^ 
 
 ^ Iff 
 
 1^, ^ 
 
 a di 
 
 IrI 13 
 
 
 p7) in ^ 
 
 '^M ^iH 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 IS 
 T 
 
 
 
 
 
 f;;|^ H ^ j||g A i^ 
 
 
 
 1=1 
 
 0^ 
 
 x^ \ mm^ 
 
 It H ^ 
 
 m 
 
 M> ^ 'ti> 
 
 Us 
 
 i^tf 
 
 x- 
 
 r3^
 
 118 
 
 
 i^ n. n m 
 m m t. m 
 
 ^ 7l< M 1^ 
 
 ^^ m \. . 
 
 M IP f^ ^ 
 ^ l\ '" ■ 
 ^1t .. 
 A* ^, -ai. 
 
 
 
 W 
 
 i: fi M. 
 
 m m, m 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 lllpilj^ 
 
 BJ -I. T. 5; 
 
 111 i ^JII 
 

 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 119 
 
 Ai5S 
 
 ^1 7k ^n 
 
 ii M -Hik 
 
 3i 5i» It' 
 
 w r^ M 
 \h w. m 
 
 ilj 7-R .it 
 
 *i^ >>JIi Kife 
 
 Wi. rib© iJj 
 
 /tKl^ Ht^ ■Hi-*/ 
 
 
 ^ P 
 
 K 1 jsl 
 
 ii 1 « 
 
 -^ «: .• 
 
 -H- 
 
 A/" 
 
 
 
 
 ii; ^ij 1 
 
 ^y\ 
 
 
 nun ^ iS 
 
 ^/^ 
 
 ^ ):y> 
 
 v& m fe 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 p 
 
 :^fi«^^ A 
 
 Pi 

 
 120 
 
 t ^ m. -T 
 
 It 
 
 A 
 rfn 
 
 A %. 
 IS. 
 
 
 ni- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 •iii» 
 
 A 
 
 
 m 
 m -Hi, 
 
 
 3K 
 
 .feb J^ J;b 
 
 3^^ /A 
 
 r/ 
 
 If ^W 
 
 
 Mnpt 
 
 /PTV 
 
 
 
 .::p 
 
 g 
 
 @ 
 
 A
 
 ANALYSIS OF CHAKACTERS. 
 
 121 
 
 rfcr 
 
 m 
 pa 
 
 ^' 
 
 If 
 
 WW 
 
 J 
 w 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 ^ ^* 
 
 
 
 
 A 
 
 >fefe "IT 
 
 f ^ ^ 
 
 ft 1^ 
 
 
 
 it ^, 
 
 Hurt 
 
 ^ M'v' 
 
 
 [1 
 
 isi a 
 
 ?i^^^ 
 
 
 >Ii> 
 
 ^tt^K 
 
 ^-Ui 
 
 in i M 
 
 M S 
 
 ^rf e 
 J 
 
 ;2: 
 
 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 
 ^t-S'a- 
 
 1^1^ fl^
 
 122 
 
 t ^ ffi ^ 
 
 
 A'"' 
 
 
 B.\P 
 
 -f/jiiiL 
 
 \^ 1 ^ 
 
 ^ Jt 
 
 l /tnt 
 
 
 
 
 :IB' 
 
 ^m 
 
 \^ J ^ 
 
 
 iiifium 
 
 if rsp 
 
 ii^ ji 

 
 ANALYSIS OP CHARACTERS. 
 
 123 
 
 ^ AM ^ 
 
 % >t^. m. m. 
 
 ;^ ^^ # M. 
 
 p ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 S0 ^, ji, s 
 
 m A ^. $ 
 
 %h \^ t. K 
 
 
 3z: 
 
 ia 
 
 , It li. ? J 
 
 
 -ffi 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 -a 
 # 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 rti 
 
 illll£ + 
 
 gMsat 
 
 €11 
 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 m i 
 
 ?? -^i^ 
 

 
 124 
 
 
 *? 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 ± 
 
 ^^7b 
 ^ ii M 
 r^ iJj M 
 
 m 
 
 
 5i H, |lJ -til, 
 
 3C ^ ^ 
 
 mmm. 
 
 1^ :?tv lint 
 
 §i 7^ ^, 
 
 
 
 
 
 M "^^ ,Bl 
 
 
 
 erf 
 P3 
 
 ^//^
 
 ANALYSIS or CHARACTERS. 
 
 I2S 
 
 IH- 
 ± 
 
 J: 
 
 
 
 
 m "H* 
 
 pA^b^ 
 
 ^ 
 M 
 
 tit ^it^ 
 
 *^ 
 
 M 
 
 ^ •■ m 
 
 1+ 
 5^tf-3t 
 
 
 
 •til. 
 
 MM 
 
 
 HUB, . , 
 
 it 
 
 /« 
 
 Wi 
 
 ■tt 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 
 
 i^r^m 
 
 it^ ;^ 
 
 >^jk 
 
 :fe 
 a 
 
 M 1 
 
 i 
 
 E, ^ -*• /,& 
 
 _a 
 
 if 1& 
 
 
 > 5l5t 
 
 {% HI 
 
 
 ff ^ 
 
 g^k pg 
 
 
 ^A 
 
 ^
 
 126 
 
 w "^ m 
 
 ^ 
 
 JIM 
 
 
 
 m, ^^AJl 
 
 «*w 
 
 -H- 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 iiSl 
 
 JV? 
 
 f^ 
 
 Hi M -tfcL 
 
 
 m«<*f| 
 
 ;HS 
 
 
 H 
 
 » 
 
 T^ 
 ^ 
 
 fil i ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 *^iBr^ 
 
 1^ 5 
 
 ffl^ 
 
 7C 
 
 ^ 
 
 « 
 

 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 127 
 
 M 
 
 3C *^ 
 
 
 nun 
 
 ^4 "^ 
 
 i0 i m 
 
 
 A 
 
 t=t 
 
 ^^ 
 
 A 
 
 
 ;t ^ -til. E 
 
 -fct^ .^ O/iV tn 
 
 IP 50 
 
 / \ -^^.^^ 
 
 
 
 M m'f ii 
 
 J: 
 
 1 
 
 m 
 
 JPJ 7]C 
 
 Tfn M'J 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 iiL^ 
 
 '^k 
 
 X 
 
 4? J: 
 
 >•> 
 
 ^ l:g 
 
 m 
 
 
 IB. I J- 
 
 M\ A ^1 
 
 10 
 
 
 s 
 e 
 
 P4- P4- 
 
 >1> 
 
 li P1^ 

 
 128 
 
 ^ 
 
 m ^ 
 
 ^%u 
 
 y'.^A 
 
 11 
 
 ^ 
 
 m 
 n 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 m.A 
 
 ^ 
 
 >►> 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 ^ rfn 
 
 # m 
 ^ -Hi, 
 
 i^ it. 
 
 
 i(P ^ 
 
 '1 t ^ 
 
 51^ JL 
 
 ^ M- ^ 
 
 I 
 
 m^n 
 
 iUi> 
 
 >ti> 
 
 
 ^#7E
 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 129 
 
 m ^^ 
 
 in 1 
 -0 
 
 ^^ rfn 
 
 >l 
 
 3>L 
 
 Ji ^ ;i 
 
 nun 
 
 2IS, PtT 
 
 t=t 
 
 m^ 
 
 VK ^ 
 
 
 0^ m 
 
 
 
 
 
 %\ ^^' 
 
 in 
 
 
 M -^^^ 
 
 Pa 
 
 It 
 
 
 g 
 
 
 I 5 
 
 EEJC 
 5F i 
 
 ii ^3^ 
 
 
 i^ ^
 
 130 
 
 "St 
 
 ^ 
 
 m 
 
 r 
 
 
 >?»'/ 
 
 
 A 
 
 ^ 
 
 J] 
 
 
 '1^ t t A 
 
 ft>7> 
 
 :^ mi 
 
 
 
 It 
 
 m ^ 
 
 it M 
 
 it ^, 
 
 ^ m 
 
 ^mi i — > 
 
 
 m ^ 
 
 it. It, 
 
 1^. -ai, m, 
 
 a/Li 
 
 Pa 
 
 i^n 
 
 
 'j^"-^ m 
 
 fi 1 ^
 
 ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERS. 
 
 131 
 
 
 ®» M ;^ a ^ 
 
 ^««3iw ii il R 
 
 _^sl^^ ft, El 
 
 1>K /|V =^ ^ -g-r^ ^^ -^Ti^ 
 
 tK '^ A^ ^ jL W 
 
 n 
 
 .-iW.
 
 132 
 
 TABLE OF ELEMENTS. 
 
 From this table those characters arc excludecl, wliich are 
 f()iiii<l cither in the text or among the ruxlicals. The more 
 useful are marked by a cipher; but mauy of tliose contained in 
 the list are obsolete, except as elements. The imperfect elements 
 have no fixed sounds, but a Ohinese teacher will find no 
 ditticulty in giving them names. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 Jl^ Ts'ung, Same as ^ from. 
 
 o 
 {III raih, To cut off the feet. 
 
 4^ Tso, Aucient form of ^^ 
 
 *j^ Yuen, A sroall worm. 
 
 /C° Cha, Just now, anon. 
 
 B^° Pih, A prince. 
 
 © ?7, A kind of ape. 
 
 ^ Fu, Ancient form of 5.> 
 
 Lo, To draw with the hand. 
 
 
 ^ Ling, Same as g 
 DPP, 
 ^ Wu, A sorcerer. 
 
 fM Ch'u, Same as ^^ 
 
 Fiih, Same as fg^ 
 
 We, Stomach. 
 
 Chau, Seek, pay balance. 
 
 Ko, An individual. 
 
 t 
 
 ^ Tct/i, Virtue fi, 
 Ai, Impede. 
 Yih, Origiual. 
 
 3g Shah, for mc baleful. 
 If /, Tranquil. 
 3^ S, A monastery. 
 
 ^ Ch'uh, Step of the left foot. 
 
 o 
 
 2* Tiau, Suspend, sympathize. 
 
 ^o ^» 
 
 'jp Chen, A broom. 
 
 1^ 
 
 ::! Ttie, Heap. 
 
 - Al >S/«(A-, Father's younger bro- 
 
 ther 
 
 Jt P't/i, Equal, fellow. 
 
 1=1 
 
 ^ i^uA, High, thick. 
 
 Kiang, Descend, ^^ 
 
 •^° Kivan, To pierce, string to- 
 ^ gether, a string of cash. 
 
 im iuTi, Narrate. 
 Pih, Shovel. 
 
 MT'u7i, The buttocks. 
 g C/iCit, Helmet. 
 /\l >S/io/i, A spoon, 
 "m Leu, Name of a star.
 
 TABLE OF ELEMENTS. 
 
 133 
 
 — riO 
 
 Li, A sacrificial vessel. 
 
 /j Tiaii, Perverse, malignant. 
 
 tfq Ts'iu, To ferment; a chief. 
 
 \a 
 
 Ut Wen, Kind, compassionate. 
 
 IMPERFECT ELEMENTS. 
 
 ant 
 
 ikf 
 
 r 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 CHAPTER 11. 
 
 ^ Kwe, Mouth awry. 
 
 ^° Ch'eng, To succeed, to be s 
 Lzi cond or lieutenant. 
 
 Hff^ Suen, To enter. 
 
 ,ffl. Ch'eng, Altogether. 
 
 '?pr Pe, Complete ready, ^^ 
 
 Itf Lih, A form of ^ almanac. 
 
 2^ Hien, Minute. 
 
 'j^*' Yih, A leaf. 
 
 Ill K'ioh, A pair of gems. 
 
 ^1 iu/i. Fly high. 
 
 zfcl° 
 
 a Yilen, Family name. 
 
 hUP Tsang, Virtuous, prosperons. 
 
 J:3^^ T'ai, Term of respect, form 
 P of 4, 
 
 y^ Yin, Mayor. 
 M K/i, J^ Also. 
 
 ^' 
 
 iF 
 
 ia?^, A vail. 
 
 T'uan, Notes on the Book of 
 Changes. 
 
 Hien, All. 
 Ts'ah, Volume, set of books. 
 o Tsah, Twelve months or years' 
 
 1S> 
 
 Tue, Exchange. 
 Liu, A tassel, for 
 
 1^' 
 % 
 
 AX' Kien, Equal. 
 
 "t^ Yang, Sheep, goat, for ^^ 
 
 S Choh, Firm, stable, eminent. 
 
 Tun, Shield. 
 
 Yilih, Fasces, emblems of 
 power. 
 
 \^ Chu, Display of music. 
 
 . 
 
 ^ Keng, Continuous, perpetual. 
 
 ^
 
 ^ Ki, Successive, H^^ 
 
 t - I o 
 
 ^ ^Vie, Ntiinc of a place. 
 |H C/i', Simple, stupid. 
 
 ANALYTICAL UKADKR. 
 
 
 DC 
 
 i 
 
 i^i. Close, narrow, for g[>, 
 jPiJi, Goveru, order. 
 
 "H^ Yu, Yes, a girl's answer. 
 
 -B* K'ien, A fragment. 
 
 3f Kivai, To differ, distorted. 
 
 MXi6, A fire vessel. 
 
 VS. Hivan, A small bird. 
 
 fei Ts'ung, Quick of hearing, in- 
 *ll^ telligent. 
 
 pT> ^I'A,, for ^ to attack. 
 
 f 
 
 A^ili, for ^ to oppose. 
 
 ^ Ch'ilen, To walk slowl3^ 
 •flj* Fa^i^, Middle, invite. 
 
 tl I"ai6, To dip water. 
 
 riko ChHlan, Pierce through, string 
 tp together. 
 
 /1g Yin, A quarrel between dogs. 
 nj Kiiing, Open windows. 
 
 P-im, Flat. ^^ 
 m[ Ch'ih, Command. 
 
 n 
 
 ^f 
 
 3Iau, The 4^/i hour. 
 Hiiih, Cattle, for ^ 
 
 j^ 7iu, Au eagle glance. 
 il ° X». Slave. 
 
 i/y. Liian, Disorder, for ^^ 
 
 [M Chil, Strife, conflict. 
 
 Jul CA'itt, A hillock. 
 
 fll Tun, Store up, accumulate. 
 
 V^ i/ai. The VZth hour. 
 
 ^ Yi/t, Espionage. 
 
 ii ZrM?//, Besides, other. 
 
 X^ P'ai, flow apart, appoint ^^ 
 
 jig A^we, Name of a dynasty. 
 Ch\ A goblin, for gi. 
 
 pr^ Long, Gentleman, a title of 
 
 ^|) honor. 
 
 J^ Yang, For pj, the bright or 
 
 ^ male principle. 
 
 ^^ Tsan, Praise, associate. 
 
 Yung, A covered way. 
 King, Straight, w 
 Ts'an, A particle. 
 
 ip King, Straight, waves. 
 
 B 
 
 Chile, ivan, Grassy. 
 
 '' + Ts, Able, snstain, energetic. 
 
 j^ Hilen, A kind of furnace. 
 
 ^ rvtu. Pottery. 
 
 W Yil, A moment, 
 
 ^^ Ts'i/i, Concubice. 
 
 nh Ku, To hire. 
 
 ^ Pi /?(/, The 3r(i of the 10 stems. 
 
 ^ Ya, For :f-.
 
 rai 3Iih, Consume, destroy. 
 nd^ T'aiv, Beg, assail. 
 
 j^ Chuh, A name of Szechuen. 
 
 -i^ o 
 
 IX. /w?, Pi/i of the 10 stems. 
 
 ^ Hwai, Bosom. 
 
 ^ Ch'iien, A document, bond. 
 
 e/a'?^, A name. 
 o 
 
 Siang, Assist, praise. 
 
 Kwe, A badge of office, a 
 
 baton. 
 Kiau, A stream of light, 
 
 music. 
 
 ft Ing, A kind of bird. 
 
 Ft o 
 
 -]^ Hau, Sign, cry, for ?f ^ 
 
 TABLE OF ELEMENTS. 
 
 135 
 
 i 
 
 ML 
 
 j^i6. Tiger. 
 
 Chuh, To build. 
 IgT T'a-n-, T'an-fu, a name. 
 nil Hilen, A cry, noise, for Pg^ 
 PI Kang, A hill, for |^, 
 B^ Cheng, To test, for §{;, 
 Iff Chuh, A medicine. 
 m/ Tt, Name of a place. 
 •^* Ts'ang, Granary. 
 -^ J.71, Understand. 
 ^ Y^7^, To beg. 
 
 m 
 
 Hwe, A comet. 
 
 IMPERFECT ELEMENTS, 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 % 
 
 n 
 
 f 
 
 i 
 
 o 
 
 k 
 
 o 
 
 n 
 
 o
 
 130 
 
 ANAl.VTICAI, KKADI'.R. 
 
 CHAPT F.R I 
 
 Lliuj, A totul) for p^\ 
 
 w; 
 
 Pan, Precious for 'j^» 
 Fuvg, A name. 
 
 /i^ Yin, The female priuciple, 
 
 -T^ Klh, The root of a tree. 
 ^T Ae(6, To interlock. 
 hj/ Titan, A section, ball. 
 /wfjT, Necklace. 
 
 />/> 
 
 :^ jPi(-, Faith. 
 
 it 
 
 rK" i^it^, Luxuriant. 
 
 "fe^ 7^1^, A kind of pheasant. 
 
 |ff Ckui, To cut oflf. 
 
 f^ Wan, Flowing tears. 
 
 y^ Chib, Scarlet. 
 
 We, High, perilous. 
 
 ^ il/ait, for 1^^ 
 
 "S Ch'iau, Lofty. 
 
 fPXi fi'ctw, To feel, or excite feeling. 
 
 ^ Fu, Diffuse, for %^ 
 
 H& Chin, Loam, loess. 
 
 "^ Chilan, Special, for ^^ 
 
 g /, By, for ^, 
 
 >^ T'u, Road, a name. 
 
 4n* Hwe, Flowers. 
 
 ^t <Sfien, Minute, small. 
 
 Ur Kiu, A vine. 
 
 ^1 Hung, Loud noise. 
 
 S- Kiv'a, Vaunt, boast. 
 
 ^5 Zfie, Oppressive, courageons. 
 
 '^ Tiu, Sentence, clause, crooked. 
 
 ^3 C/i'W', Grass. 
 
 ^r Man, Equal. 
 
 -p Ch'a, A customs' barrier. 
 IX' ' >5i^ of the 10 stems. 
 
 I5c 
 
 5[7 ^s, To stop. 
 
 P'u, Abundant. 
 4^ Lin, Ignis fatuus. 
 ^5 Ch, Single, a classifier. 
 J&iT TFe, Soothe, comfort. 
 
 Yil, Royal, drive a chariot. 
 
 Pi, Spoiled. 
 ^ Kai, Beg. 
 
 rttr 
 
 Hien, Spinach. 
 
 jT Kung, Arms, for ^^ 
 Rjr Choh, To cut down.
 
 TABLE OF ELEMENTS. 
 
 137 
 
 j^ Sien, Ascend high. 
 
 4cr Siau, To laugh, for ^^ 
 
 PI Yuen, Small insect. 
 
 y^ Luh, Lump of earth |^^ 
 
 j^ An, Shore, ^, 
 ^^ ^ Hih, Hole in a wall. 
 
 W^ Meu, Lowing of a cow. 
 
 rt Jung, Hurried. 
 
 lA* Jiiiiff, A weapon ; a barbarian, 
 
 |h* Ts'ien, A bamboo tally. 
 
 ^r Fung, To butt, push. 
 
 int 
 
 
 Yien, Salt, for ^^ 
 
 ilfa?!, Long. 
 
 iiA., Tremble, chestnut. 
 
 Chuh, Soft boiled rice. 
 
 Wan, Fiuish. 
 
 Fu, Just now. 
 
 ^^° 
 
 a 
 
 Z/ttTi, See, read. 
 
 T^ T'o, Snake, used for ^, s/ig. 
 
 VT? ;S/i, Grass used in divination. 
 
 "^ T'eic, To spit. 
 
 -!&• Tsaic, A flea, also for ^ early. 
 
 Tj iV^ie?!, Twenty. 
 
 bU Yiln, unrest. 
 
 ^ Chang, 10 ft., Chinese. 
 
 
 Suih, nth hour. 
 Yang, A long stream. 
 Hien, A district. 
 
 /^ CAew, Long black hair. 
 
 Chan, Oversee, direct. 
 
 ft:* 
 
 f^ Pah, To drag. 
 
 uf^ P'ang, The side. 
 
 in Peh, 100, A centurion. 
 
 ^ Ch%Bes. 
 
 IMPERFECT ELEMENTS. 
 
 n 
 
 .9 
 
 I 
 ^ 
 
 M 
 ^ 
 
 JUL
 
 138 
 
 ANALYTICAL RKADKR. 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 ral Mien, Face. 
 
 "^^ H'ilin, To smoke, to cnre 
 ^^ moat. 
 
 4^ Kuih, Different, certain. 
 
 MK ^^'^^'^0^ Dignity, name of a 
 5t>*P kingdom. 
 
 iP 
 
 JbL^ Wu, A name. 
 
 jbr Liau, Bright, clear. 
 
 H ^Siau, Like, good. 
 
 V4 
 
 i^ Ch'ue, Lofty. 
 
 -T^ Chio, A vestibule. 
 
 1^ rix-i, Shore. 
 
 ctr Ch^eoig, Hand up. 
 
 C/i, A sort of earth. 
 
 Ts'ung, Haste, for -^^ 
 o 
 Ch'in, Respect, imperial. 
 
 ij^ *S^, A horned tiger, 
 
 ^ C/m/i, Chisel, for ^, 
 
 1>:t i^cm, A fence, lattice. 
 
 ^' K'ait, Investigate. 
 
 IS Hie, A one horned goat. 
 
 ^iT Au, Ramble, for j^^ 
 
 (Mf Sih, Separate, explain. 
 
 yK P-e, Great. 
 
 "^jg Kivan, Weave. 
 
 H il/e, Eyebrow. 
 
 ^ 
 
 5p Ts'an, A meal. 
 
 a^ y^e1^, Detain, conceal. 
 
 ^ T'aA., Buoyant. 
 
 ta 
 
 gl* Eiang, Boundary, for |^^ 
 
 ^^ ZtiA, Wood carving. 
 
 H Fuew, Round, dollar, officer. 
 
 K> Kien, Firm. 
 
 n£ Ting, Palace. 
 
 1^ Kenig, 1th of the stems. 
 
 Tl Ch^eu, 2nd hour. 
 
 A> A'tve, 10th of the stems. 
 
 on Li, Beautiful, for jg^ 
 
 >rj/ Chileh, Join. 
 
 pg ZJTiA, Neck erect. 
 
 J& P'm, Rapid, utterance. 
 
 (tt^ ^oA, Crane. 
 
 ^B Kau, Call, high, a name. 
 
 S! At, Diffuse, for ft, 
 
 S Heng, Good luck. 
 
 op yu, A family name. 
 
 /J^ 
 
 ^ OA, Fright. 
 
 ^ Kiiih, Handful, for ^^^ 
 
 ^ Lih, Hairy. 
 
 it Mang, Beard of grain.
 
 TABLE OF ELEMENTS. 
 
 139 
 
 ^0 
 
 72. 
 
 K'lih Shell, for ^, 
 Kwe, A rnle. 
 Ts'ih, Satire; blame. 
 Ts'an, A hare. 
 
 Yuen, Abj'ss, for f^^ 
 /M Yum, Equal, for J^^ 
 ■^ F-ieu, Virtuons, excellent. 
 
 1 
 
 IMPERFECT ELEMENTS. 
 
 n F 
 
 o
 
 140 
 
 1? 
 
 STYLES OF WRITING. 
 
 Chapter I. In Five Forms.* 
 
 Pattern, Business, Grass, Old Official, Seal, 
 
 ^J'> *- 
 
 ^^ y \ 
 
 e ^ ij 13 g 
 
 
 
 
 #^^^* 
 
 %^^^^ 
 
 7»>^ 
 
 T^^v 
 
 
 •^^M-^ ll^f^v^i't:^ 
 
 ♦The Sungt'i, or book style which completes the ;?; §, or six forms of writing, 
 may b© seen in the text.
 
 STYLES OF WRITING, 
 
 141 
 
 
 i^ 
 
 
 
 
 Kli^'/i^ ## 
 
 TSS? 
 
 ■S-^^ 
 
 
 '"^-^nmn 
 
 mm 
 
 y p g a ^ 
 
 
 
 ^fi 
 
 ^ ^ i ^ H 

 
 142 
 
 ANALYTICAL READER. 
 
 
 
 
 
 x^ 
 
 
 HI "^ 4[ -^ -^ 
 
 
 4> i? ^^<^
 
 STYLES OF WRITING. 
 
 143 
 
 
 \ji i^ ef i^ ^ 
 
 -^ itiL. 1^ .^^ ,^i^ 
 
 U y^ 1^ ^'] /'] 

 
 144 
 
 ANALYTICAL READER. 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 # 
 
 ^ 
 
 :?:■ Jt. ^. J: Ji 
 
 11 m % If # 
 
 
 
 -0^ 

 
 STYLES OF WRITING. 
 
 145 
 
 
 
 filT^ 

 
 146 
 
 ANALYTICAL READRR. 
 
 1^ m ^ ib ^^ 
 
 m^ '^ (^ fA 
 
 p ^^ -fitt ^.P ^ 
 
 
 ^^ m? 
 
 f^^f fir 
 
 
 fl ?) t) ^ ^ 
 
 If^^^i^-^ %*^^t 

 
 STYLES OF WRITING. 
 
 147 
 
 
 %m 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 m\ K 
 
 ^?^^^ aLi 
 
 U) VX4 04 )X> jji
 
 w ^ m ^ $ 
 
 VOCABULARY 
 
 OF 
 
 TWO THOUSAND FREQUENT CHARACTERS, 
 
 Arranged according to Radicals. 
 
 WITH 
 
 THEIR MOST COMMON SIGNIFICATIONS, 
 
 AND 
 
 THE SOUNDS OF THE PEKING DIALECT.
 
 NOTE. 
 
 Tlio student while studying the first two chapters should 
 raake himself familiar with the radicals as a preparation for 
 using this vocabulary, or native dictionaries. On completing 
 the four chapters he would find it profitable to read the 
 vocabulary from beginning to end, even though he may have 
 consulted it from time to time. 
 
 For tlie sake of brevity those significations which are most 
 easily deducible, have been omitted ; and the student is expected 
 to bear in mind that feature of the language which admits of 
 the same ivorcls being employed without alteration in diff*erent 
 parts of speech Thus after giving ^ as life it would be 
 superfluous to define it further as to live, alive, &c. 
 
 The mode of transliteration answers in the main to that 
 in general use. The chief departure from it is in the non-use 
 of hs. The two classes of words, which in current Mandarin 
 begin with h and 5, are in Peking combined, or rather confused 
 so as to be utterly uudistinguishable. In this vocabulary it has 
 been thought best to preserve the distinction. The student can 
 hardly go wrong, if he always sees h alongside of s and vice 
 versd. The combination is foreign to English, and like the 
 tones, must be learned by ear. 
 
 The tone marks are here attached to the transliteration — 
 not to the characters as in the text — the first and second being 
 placed at the lower left; the third at the upper left, and the 
 fourth at the upper right. They are all indicated by ]), except 
 the second, which is distinguished by ^. In case of discrepancy 
 of tone between text and vocabulary the one represents the tone 
 as read ; the other as spoken. Where two pronunciations are 
 given for one character they usually indicate a diflerence of 
 meauinsr. The student who has not access to a Pekinsf teacher 
 will do well to confine himself to one sound, unencumbered 
 by tones.
 
 THE 214 RADICALS 
 
 WITH THELE 
 
 SOUNDS AND SEGNIFICATIONS. 
 
 1 Stroke. 
 
 Yih. 
 — * One. 
 
 IKwen. 
 Piiss through. 
 
 J 
 
 Chu. 
 A point. 
 
 P'ih. 
 
 A left stroke. 
 
 Yih. 
 
 One, cursred. 
 
 Kiiih. 
 Hooked. 
 
 2 Strokes. 
 
 Er. 
 , Two. 
 
 T'eu. 
 A cover. 
 
 10 
 
 12. 
 
 Jin. 
 A man. 
 
 Jin. 
 A man. 
 
 A 
 
 ;l 
 
 AJuh. 
 To eat 
 
 A Pah. 
 Eight. 
 
 n 
 
 13. 
 
 14. 
 
 Kiung. 
 A limit. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 To cover. 
 
 16. 
 
 19. 
 
 20. 
 
 21. 
 
 22. 
 
 Ki. 
 
 A bench. 
 
 K'ang. 
 
 A receptacle. 
 
 Tau. 
 A Kuife. 
 
 Lih. 
 
 [.Strength. 
 
 Pau. 
 To infold. 
 
 Fang. 
 A chest. 
 
 rHi. 
 To conceal. 
 
 29. 
 
 Shih. 
 Ten. 
 
 Poh. 
 
 To divine. 
 
 Tsih. 
 A seal. 
 
 Han. 
 
 A shelter. 
 
 S. 
 Deflected. 
 
 Yiu. 
 Moreover. 
 
 30. 
 
 31. 
 
 32. 
 
 33. 
 
 34. 
 
 35. 
 
 36. 
 
 37. 
 
 3 Strokes. 
 
 K'eu. 
 
 Tlie Mouth. 
 
 We. 
 
 To enclose. 
 
 P 
 
 ±T'u. 
 Ground, earth 
 
 ± 
 
 X 
 
 '^f Evening 
 
 Sh. 
 
 A scholar. 
 
 Ch. 
 
 To follow. 
 
 Shuai. 
 Walk slowly. 
 
 38. 
 
 39. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ta. 
 
 Large. 
 
 Nii. 
 Female. 
 
 Ts. 
 
 A child. 
 
 40. 
 
 ^. 1 - p . Mien. 
 
 A cover. 
 
 41 
 
 «/L 
 % 
 
 Ts'un. 
 An inch. 
 
 Siau. 
 Small. 
 
 Yiu. 
 Distorted.
 
 152 
 
 ANALYTICAL READER. 
 
 45. 
 
 46. 
 
 1=1 SI,. 
 
 orpse. 
 
 1 14 ch'ch. 
 
 * I A sprout. 
 
 .Shan. 
 A liill. 
 
 Ch'uan. 
 A stream. 
 
 48. 
 
 49. 
 
 JW 
 
 « 
 
 XKung. 
 Work. 
 
 ►— » Ki. 
 
 ~r\ Kan. 
 
 ~| A shi 
 
 >^V Yan. 
 O -mr^ Small. 
 
 rYien. 
 
 54. :^ A J° 
 
 50 
 
 51 
 
 53. 
 
 Kin. 
 
 A napkin. 
 
 shield. 
 
 A roof. 
 
 urney. 
 - I i -* Kun 
 
 -U^ Yih. 
 56 ^^ "^^'^ arrow, 
 
 55 
 
 Kung. 
 
 oin bands. 
 
 I — I Kung. 
 7. *~;/ A bow. 
 
 a. 
 
 Ki. 
 
 A swine's head. 
 
 59. 
 
 60. 
 
 Shan, 
 Feathers, hair. 
 
 -O- Ch'ih. 
 
 •^ A short step. 
 
 4 Strokes, 
 
 -5 /^ A doo 
 
 65. 
 66. 
 
 leu. 
 A hand. 
 
 branch. 
 
 P'ah. 
 A blow. 
 
 68. 
 
 69. 
 
 P^ Kin. 
 
 y I A catty, a pound. 
 
 Wen. 
 
 Literature. 
 
 Teu. 
 
 A measure. 
 
 A Square, 
 
 -ir Fang. 
 70.// ^S. 
 
 aJCl wu 
 
 Ti./twit 
 
 ithout. 
 
 timber. 
 
 rt jih. 
 
 j_| The sun, a day. 
 
 0Yuih. 
 To speak. 
 
 p] Yiiih. 
 J~\ The moon. 
 
 -Jr* Muh. 
 
 _ Xj V Wood, ti 
 
 Aj-» Ch'ien. 
 
 76. yV To owe. 
 
 |K Ch. 
 
 77. 11 ^ To stop. 
 
 yiU Ch'u. 
 79 J^^ Weapons. 
 
 fJl Wu 
 7/^ Doi 
 
 73 
 
 75, 
 
 80. 
 
 81. 
 
 82. 
 
 not. 
 
 Pi. 
 
 To compare. 
 
 Mau. 
 Hair. 
 
 ^/ I Shfie. 
 y l' Water. 
 
 Sh 
 
 'I'Ik: family name. 
 
 Chau. 
 Claws. 
 
 -/;> Fu. 
 
 88. .^ ^'^ih^v. 
 
 ^^^r> Hiau. 
 gg ^.^^ To imitate. 
 
 90. 
 
 JLI Ch'iiang. 
 j\ A bed. 
 
 91. 
 
 92. 
 
 93. I 
 
 P'ien. 
 
 A splinter. 
 
 Ya. 
 
 Teeth 
 
 Niu. 
 A cow. 
 
 K'iiin, 
 ' A dog. 
 
 5 Strokes. 
 
 ^4^ Hiiin. 
 5. Y. l^'-^rk, 
 
 97, 
 
 98. 
 
 sombre. 
 
 Yuh. 
 
 A gem. 
 
 Kwa. 
 A melon. 
 
 Wa. 
 A tile. 
 
 Kan. 
 Sweet,
 
 TABLE OF RADICALS. 
 
 153 
 
 100. 
 
 ^ 
 
 m 
 
 Sheng. 
 Life. 
 
 Yung. 
 To use. 
 
 lOL 
 
 fflT'ien. 
 A rield. 
 
 103. /sL« 
 
 rNih. 
 Sick. 
 
 y^ Poh. 
 105. To separate. 
 
 A piece of cloth. 
 
 106. 
 
 107. 
 
 Pch. 
 White. 
 
 j>C Skin. 
 
 Min. 
 108. JJJXfc A vesseL 
 
 109. 
 
 no.^ 
 
 Muh. 
 r Tiie eyes. 
 
 Men. 
 A spear. 
 
 JtH Sh. 
 
 /V An arrow. 
 
 in. .^V 
 
 -7-^ Shih. 
 >p~f A stone. 
 112. 1-9 
 
 113 
 
 ^1 Sh. 
 ^ I To show. 
 
 J I I Jeu. 
 
 j*^ To creep. 
 
 115 ''^IV *''o^^^"o ^^' 
 
 /f!r> Huih. 
 116. >^ V ^ ^^^■^• 
 
 -^> Lih. 
 
 J J,- 9f^ To stand. 
 
 6 Strokes. 
 
 118. 
 
 119. 
 
 Chuh. 
 Bamboo. 
 
 4^ Mi. 
 
 /[V Hulled rice. 
 
 120. TpV^i'k 
 
 121. TO 
 
 122. 
 
 Feu. 
 Earthenware. 
 
 Wang. 
 A net. 
 
 t^ Yang. 
 123. * I ^ ^ sheep. 
 
 ^4 ^'"- 
 
 24. -^^ Wings. 
 
 125, 
 126 
 
 Lau. 
 Aged, 
 
 26. jTlj ^nd, still. 
 
 127. 
 
 Lc. 
 
 A plough. 
 
 2S. -^ '-^^^'^^ 
 
 129. 
 
 130. i;^-l 
 
 M\ 
 
 Liih. 
 
 A pencil. 
 
 Juh. 
 Flesh. 
 
 131. 
 
 Ch'eng. 
 A minister. 
 
 Ts. 
 
 Self, from. 
 
 132. 
 
 «^ Ch. 
 133. ~rl To, most 
 
 134. A 
 
 Kiu. 
 mortar. 
 
 135. 
 
 Sheh. 
 
 The tongue. 
 
 136. /T ^'■'■°^- 
 
 151k Clieu. 
 
 137. / tj A '^o^t- 
 
 138. 
 
 139. 
 140. 
 
 
 Ken. 
 Perverse. 
 
 Seh. 
 Color. 
 
 Ts'au. 
 Grass. 
 
 141. 
 
 142. 
 
 143, 
 
 Hu. 
 
 A tiger. 
 
 iles. 
 
 tft Ch'ung. 
 ■^T\ Reptiles 
 
 >t-^ 
 
 Hiiih. 
 Blood. 
 
 Hing. 
 
 West. 
 
 147. 
 
 148. 
 
 149. H 
 
 150. 
 
 151, 
 
 152. 
 
 153. 
 
 154. >^S 
 
 155^ 
 
 156. ACr 
 
 157. 
 158. 
 159. 
 160. 
 161. 
 
 7 Strokes. 
 
 Kien. 
 To see. 
 
 Kioh. 
 Horn. 
 
 Yien. 
 Words. 
 
 Kuh. 
 A valley. 
 
 Teu. 
 Beans. 
 
 Sh. 
 Swine. 
 
 Hie. 
 
 Reptiles, wild beasts. 
 
 Pe. 
 
 Pearls. 
 
 Ch'ih. 
 Scarlet. 
 
 Tseu. 
 To walk. 
 
 Tsuh. 
 The foot. 
 
 Shen. 
 The body. 
 
 Kii, ch'e. 
 A chariot. 
 
 Sin. 
 Acrid. 
 
 Ch'en. 
 Hour. 
 
 s 
 
 $ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^
 
 Ts.ni. 
 Motion. 
 
 ANALYTICAL RKADKR. 
 
 163 
 164. 
 165. 
 166. 
 
 Yin. 
 Liquors. 
 
 ^ Ts'ai. 
 
 SpltMiilor, to select 
 
 Li. 
 
 A mile. 
 
 ISO. 
 
 181 
 
 :ja^ vin. 
 
 |-— I 8()iiii(l. 
 
 MVih. 
 
 I, a leaf. 
 
 ,1,1 J''"n^'. 
 
 '"« W iiid, a eustom. 
 
 16 
 
 8 Strokes. 
 
 7. .Wl. 
 
 Metal. 
 
 16S. ^ j 
 169. I J 
 
 ft 
 
 Ch'anc 
 Long. 
 
 Men. 
 A gate. 
 
 Feu. 
 
 A mound. 
 
 171. 
 
 172. 
 
 Ti. 
 
 To extend to. 
 
 Cluie. 
 Fowls. 
 
 173. I^W R-^in. 
 
 ^—^ Ts'ing. 
 
 174. f*J Green. 
 
 175. "T" p ^^'I'ong. 
 
 9 Strokes. 
 
 not? 
 
 .76 M 
 
 Mien. 
 The face. 
 
 Keh. 
 177. - ' I ' *'Skin, change. 
 
 -^ We. 
 17S. ■'r|^ Leather. 
 
 Ah Kiu. 
 
 179. ^K ^*-'^^«- 
 
 182. 
 
 183. ^t ''•• "y- 
 ^^ Shih. 
 
 184. ..^ 'I'oeat. 
 
 |^-| hiien. 
 185 F~| The head. 
 
 3|C Hiang. 
 
 186. F^ Incense. 
 
 10 Strokes. 
 
 tg Ma. 
 
 187. >>»*/ ^ horse. 
 ^ttt> Kuli. 
 
 188. ^ Bones. 
 
 l:rt Kau. 
 
 189. rWj High. 
 p^ Piau. 
 
 190. i^^ ^*^"^' ^''^'"^* 
 Ten. 
 
 o quarrel. 
 
 191. 
 
 192. 
 
 n? 
 
 Ch'ang. 
 
 A fiagiant liquor, 
 
 ^Ct Keh, li. 
 193. InrJ ^ tripod, urn, 
 
 ft! Kvve. 
 
 194_ yj **.^ A ghost, a devil. 
 
 11 Strokes. 
 
 Shu. 
 i>()2. "ir^ Millet. 
 
 i>i^ if.h. 
 i'k ( h . 
 
 204. |l|!| Kmbroiderjr, 
 
 13 Strokes. 
 
 m Min 
 
 205. ncd ^ ^'■*^6- 
 
 Mil Ting. 
 200. tIR '^ tripod. 
 
 207. i^y^ ^^ drum. 
 
 mShu. 
 A rat. 
 
 14 Strokes. 
 
 209. ' ^/y ^ ^''® nose. 
 
 210. J^^ Jivcn, orderly. 
 
 15 Strokes. 
 
 Ch'. 
 
 211. I A>^ The teeth. 
 
 §3 Lung. 
 
 212. ij ^ -^ liragon, 
 
 16 Strokes. 
 
 Kwe. 
 *13. #1^!; -■^ tortoise. 
 
 17 Strokes. 
 
 195. >V»> 
 
 196. 
 
 197. 
 
 198. /£i 
 
 199.^ 
 
 Yii. 
 Fish. 
 
 Niau. 
 A bird. 
 
 Lu. 
 Brine. 
 
 Luh. 
 A deer. 
 
 Meh. 
 Wheat. 
 
 214. 
 
 IPtT Vnh. 
 A riute. 
 
 Ma. 
 Hemp. 
 
 200. >WI 
 
 12 Strokes. 
 
 201. ^^ 
 
 Hwang. 
 Yellow.
 
 1. 
 
 i' One. 
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 155 
 
 ±Shang\ Above, np, upper, to 
 go np. 
 
 t| 'C%'ie, Moreover. 
 ^^ Pu\ Not. 
 J--* jCVt'i, Seven. 
 
 4g^ Sh\ The world, a generation. 
 
 —r^ Hia\ Below, lower, to go 
 I down. 
 
 — * ^San, Three. 
 
 T^Ting, A sting, a nail, an in- 
 dividnal, to sustain. 
 
 ^ ^Ch'eng, To ride, avail of, a 
 war chariot. 
 
 /^f[ 'Kiu, A long time. 
 ^? i^ft*, To want, lack. 
 
 warfish, di- 
 minutive. 
 
 2. 
 
 I 
 
 J^' 
 
 Chung, Middle, to hit the 
 centre. 
 
 3. 
 
 —LT 'C/iit, Lord, to control. 
 
 y^ -^Wan, A hall, a pill. 
 
 \\\^ ^Tan, Pale red, a sovereign 
 77 r 
 
 remedy. 
 
 4. 
 
 >^ 
 
 ■•^^ ,C/i, Sign of possessive case, 
 ^Cm Pronoun of the 3rd person. 
 
 ~rtj ^Nai, But, may-be, it is used 
 
 as, I.e., or viz. 
 
 -^^ -Hu, A sign of doubt, admi- 
 ■~J * ration, inquiry; also of the 
 vocative. 
 
 5- Zu 
 
 I ^ 'I, One, curved. 
 
 |L| ,Fe, Euphonic particle, eve 
 nH also. 
 
 ejl Loan\ Confusion, disorder. 
 
 ^M 'Kiu, Nine. 
 
 ^1 'Ju, Milk; a suckling. 
 
 6. 
 
 J 
 
 "f 
 
 Sh\ An act, affair, to serve. 
 
 -tj Pronoun oi 1st person; to 
 give. 
 
 — ^ *Liau, Finished, a sign of the 
 J past tense. 
 
 7. - 
 
 ^ Er\ Two. 
 
 '~kT iYiln, Speak, say. 
 
 — T^ Ya\ Secondary. A diminn- 
 ■_trl tive prefix. 
 
 — r^ jtj, In, ia respect to. 
 ^^'TTu, Five.
 
 15G 
 
 ANA I.YTK'A I. UKADEK. 
 
 pl //it', Reciprocal; in tnni. 
 
 lyrt Kw'dvff, Much more, « /o?'- 
 VU tiofi 
 
 ^hi Chi', Haste, urgency. 
 
 ~^ 8. 
 
 >>w /*'''> Six. 
 //p /', Also. 
 
 T~^ jlFa-n^f, Perish, lose, flee. 
 
 Fp JJhiiig, Great, the capital. 
 
 «yLj-. JJhiaii, Intercourse, alter- 
 _^iC» nate, reciprocal. 
 
 ■B. 'Hiang, Enjoy. 
 
 9. X 
 
 yV j/en, Man. 
 
 AJX -Xai, Come. 
 
 /T^ T8o\ Make, start, arise. 
 
 /^ 'Sh, Send, caase, messenger. 
 
 .fih'uen. Propagate, narrate. 
 Po\ An uncle, a father's bro- 
 
 '|jjT ,//o, Which? wliy? how? 
 i^ Ch'di, Class, a plural smIHx. 
 
 //^v -,Lun, A category, social re- 
 llffl latious. 
 
 /li. Tai', A generation, instead 
 \\i of. 
 
 '1™ Pe', Complete, pre[)ared. 
 
 / tl Pit', Prostrate, abject, to snb- 
 W ject. 
 
 '14^ J, Depend on, according to. 
 u 1 ^'^^'^^0> As before, siill, yet. 
 4^E J , Ceremony, form, manner. 
 ^W Pien\ Convenient, ready. 
 
 y^^ Ling\ Command. 
 
 Pi//, Impart, intrust, pay, 
 commit to. 
 
 € 
 
 16 
 
 ther, a lord. 
 
 >^ ^i7i', Belief, faithfulness, a 
 
 4 
 
 I PI letter. 
 
 /^ JOhin, Now, modern. 
 
 pi '/, To take, because, by 
 "<!^ means of 
 
 •fP Pa7i', But, only. 
 !^ P'lt, Slave, servant. 
 
 assent. 
 
 /i:^ ^Siu, Improve, cultivate: re- 
 11^ pair, long and slender. 
 
 /qp?" -Jj, Prou. is^ pers. 
 
 /y^ CJiiun\ Superior, fine-look- 
 IX ing. 
 
 oM. .C/m, Together, all. 
 4yt Ch'eu\ Enmity. 
 
 #-A -Pew, Humanity, charity, 
 I--* goodness. 
 
 ATflp Chien\ False assumption, 
 Iq' blasphemy.
 
 Wei', False, deceitful. 
 i| Li\ A cnstom, law, example. 
 /(ra fiking. Overturn, a moment. 
 /^ ,Shang, Wound, bruise; feel. 
 
 Iii^ '^^''*' ^^^^^ on, wait in pre- 
 |TJ' sence. 
 
 <tHJ ,r-«, other, pronoun Srd pers. 
 
 /;Y1 '^fi'Ji^i jj^''''. Bear office or bur- 
 I jt den, ad libitum; let. 
 
 4^5^ 'P(xu, Protect, secure. 
 'lyr ,/, Pronoun ord pars. 
 'Ifi -Pi', To cause, so that. 
 1^ .^Hie, Together wiih. 
 A^Su ,Kiing, Serve, minister. 
 
 A\f ^<s^'i Seat, position, person. 
 
 /nrt ^Eii, Likeness, companion, 
 1^ pair. 
 
 J^L ^'^^'^'^^O^i Like, simidacruTn. 
 
 /A> Sw', Customary, common, 
 I P coarse, usage. 
 
 4-^ Fa\ Boast, cut, invade, 
 
 Wu, To insult. 
 'Fo, Buddha. 
 -qS Hi\ To be, to concern. 
 '^ CUe\ A hero. 
 
 VOCABULARY. 157 
 
 Jt-^ Ch\ Price, to meet, to man- 
 |l]^ age, to take in turn. 
 
 1^ sC/iVY/Aif/, Pay, recompense. 
 
 A/C ,Hiu, Stop, good fortune. 
 
 Xa(L P^'^ Double, ^ f§ three-fold, 
 I P &c., to multiply. 
 /t^ I', 'I'eu myriads, quiet, re- 
 \tiU\ pose; to guess. 
 
 AJ^ Yivb\ Divine protection. 
 
 T^ -Fa, A captive. 
 
 4S. 8\ To wait for, until. 
 
 -Pien, Uneven, partial. 
 
 Ts-o\ Sloping, oblique, at the 
 side. 
 
 -ISr jOIcHn, Usurp, oppress. , 
 lyj '^'- ^'^^^' resemble. 
 
 11 
 
 '/, Rely, lean on. 
 
 lis 'Chia, False, to borrow, sup- 
 5C })use. 
 
 JtJL. Chivng\ Rely on, weapon, 
 \%. tight. 
 /fSr '^^^'''^' Exactly, only, scarce- 
 
 /^ She\ A cottage, to bestow, 
 till cast away. 
 
 /fi Chu\ Stop, dwell. 
 /|^n Ttuigr, To look up. 
 
 A^ ^Shen, Extend, explain. 
 
 Chiv^, Altogether, empty, 
 as you please.
 
 158 ANAI.VTICAL UKADKK. 
 
 S Ch'eii, A class, a mate. 
 
 ^ fil/iou All. 
 
 t ^Tfi^uc, Urge, expedite. 
 
 ^^- Fhi(j, Unite, combine ener- 
 gies. 
 
 4-f? Chia, Excolleut. 
 
 4m {TUing, Lad, nrcbiu; page. 
 
 pi Ti, Oonrtcons, geuerons. 
 
 \i^ "Pang, If, shonld: % ^ free, 
 m "oble. 
 
 rjfit ^-^^^'» generons, careless, 
 brave, soldier of fortune. 
 
 Au\ Prond, insolent. 
 <T^ JJng, A play actor, clever. 
 
 >|||] Le', Smart, f^ % clever. 
 
 /Jv| P^S Side ornaments, to 
 i/'rV gird, wear at the side. 
 
 'fhl TshL\ Hasten, shorten. 
 ^^ Chie\ Borrow. 
 
 /f^ 'rs(?, Help. 
 
 ^^^ >Ch^iL, Provide, store, to se- 
 ipR cond, to be second, 
 
 qip Chiew, A piece, or article. 
 r^S$^ Heu\ Wait, inquire for, time. 
 ^ Ck\ Wasteful. 
 
 A~f- Par/', A comrade. 
 ih-t '^'ii\ An associate. 
 /flj^ ^m', stooping, 
 ■qyV iXcu, Crooked, bont. 
 
 10- )l 
 
 ■y^ Jien, Before, first. 
 yf* Hiung, Elder brother. 
 A^ ,Kwang, Light, bright, lustre. 
 iS 'Me7i, Avoid, forgive. 
 ^k Chmt\ An omen, a million. 
 63 ,^r, A boy, child, a euphonic. 
 
 "Jj^ arz^m, Primary, chief. 
 
 -^ K'o\ Overbearing, to over- 
 >U c( 
 
 come. 
 
 '^ ' ViXn, Promise, secure. 
 
 yv^ Chie\ Attendant,usher, shield, 
 )\ shellfish. 
 
 ,0, Sudden, lofty. 
 
 Ch'ung, Fill, pretend. 
 
 11. X 
 
 ^1 J?<S To enter. 
 
 /. iCIiHuen, Complete, perfect; 
 
 dS all. 
 
 M'Xi(m^, Two, both, a tael or 
 ounce. 
 
 j^ 'Kei, Inside. 
 
 12. A 
 
 yl Pa\ Eight. 
 
 n^ ,^i, A euphonic expletive.
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 159 
 
 jHl >C'/«", Pron. 3rd pers. 
 , FPl yPi'i^g, A soldier, weapon 
 _^V J-iimg, Public, just, dnkf 
 ■.lit Kimg\ Together, in 
 
 com moo. 
 
 ^H , CV/iZ*, Complete, iustrumeuts. 
 ^Tien, A rule, to manage, to 
 
 >*^ V mortg-age. 
 
 ^k:^ 
 
 filden, To combiae. 
 C/«'*, Expect, desire. 
 
 13. n 
 
 7sai', Again, the second time. 
 
 14. ■^ 
 
 TfiJ' ^Kwan\ kioan, A cap, crown. 
 ^^ iMing, Dark, obscure. 
 
 /:^n!^ 
 
 >•> 
 
 ^ 
 
 15. 
 
 ^^ ,Le7^^, Cold. 
 
 iLing, Insult, spurn, abandon. 
 ftl ^Tiau^ Wither. 
 :>^r*' iTung, Winter, to freeze. 
 -^^ fih'i, Chilly, grievous. 
 
 16. ;i 
 
 PI iFan^ All, the world. 
 ri Chi\ Bench, table. 
 
 17. U 
 
 rt;J a'w', Oat. 
 
 J^ ^Ku, Protuberance, a teuou, 
 1—4 convex. 
 
 [m[ > ^'^ «) A pit, valley, concave. 
 
 18. 7) 
 
 t||J >Ch'ien, Before, formerly. 
 
 /plj Z/', Gain, advantage, sharp. 
 
 tJjI X/^'', Numerous, several, clas- 
 7U sified. 
 
 tjlj 7V, So, then, item. 
 Tyll >Hing, Punishment. 
 h/j ^^^''^^' Divide, cut. 
 
 yj Jen", A blade, a sharp edge. 
 
 r||I Pie\ Distinguish, other, 
 ^IJ don't. 
 
 'TTp jF^'n; A part, duty. 
 
 ^j Ko\ (c) Jco, To cut. 
 ^ll P'an\ Divide, decide. 
 
 /gil Ch'uang\ Originate, create, 
 ^y wound. 
 
 •^Il Chien\ A sabre. 
 
 Tl jT'att, A knife, sword. 
 
 ^ll K'o\(c),to, Carve, cut, gri- 
 ^'J ping, close, quarter of an 
 hour, a moment. 
 
 Ch\ Control, appoint, cos- 
 tume, mourning habit. 
 
 Il ,Kang, Hard, steel.
 
 lf)() ANALYTICAL READER. 
 
 Tjj|| . "■' ' I Pierce, satirize, to cat 
 
 tLfil Chu\ Excessive, violent iu- 
 )^*\ crease, a farce, play. 
 •^kI Ihva, carve, scratch, mark, 
 jiilj rend asiuuler. 
 --r;.! Kica\ (Scrape, include, em- 
 
 p»] l)race. 
 
 ^ij ^P'eit, Divide. 
 
 ■JUIll j'^'/'-"'*'; '^^ expurgate, amend. 
 
 19. 1J 
 
 Jj Li\ Strength, force. 
 "Tirj Clda, Add, increase. 
 ^Jtn yKung, Merit. 
 
 i^ iLau, Toil, to reward. 
 
 r^'-fr Le\ Extort, compel, curb, 
 ^J engrave. 
 
 Jjgft Ch'i'iien\ Persua^le, exhort. 
 H-h Chii\ Help. 
 ^jfl TaiKj, Move. 
 
 H/J iCh'in, Industry, diligence. 
 
 ^j^ SJi, Force, power, posture 
 ^ of affairs. 
 
 ^Yung, Valor, brave. 
 
 i/f Li\ Stimulate. 
 
 'Mien, Encourage, earnest. 
 
 20. ^ 
 
 ^ ^Y^l\ Must not. 
 
 'TJj jPrtu, Wrap up, comprehend. 
 
 ^ >P-u, Creep. 
 ^ 'At, Crouch. 
 
 21. b 
 
 /K, y/z(v//, Transform, reform, 
 1 \j waste, flower. 
 
 Y^j 'Pi, A spoon. 
 
 22. \1 
 
 F§* Kwei\ A Chest. 
 
 ||ip' 'Fei, Worthless, is not. 
 
 23. "C 
 
 1^^ A^t^ Conceal, hide. 
 
 p^ ,C/i-u, Place, space, room, 
 pR. empty, 
 
 24 + 
 
 -4" Sh, Ten. 
 
 ^p* fih'ien, A thousand. 
 
 2^ Tsit', End, die, a soldier. 
 
 "ra >i\^a7i, South. 
 
 ^ Pano Half. 
 
 -+1^ ^Sheng, Ascend. 
 
 fffi Po', Erudite. 
 
 ^ip 'Ching, A well, market.
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 161 
 
 ffl^ ,Pe, Mean, lowly. 
 /y * 'IFit, Noou, the first boar. 
 
 25. |> 
 
 K 'Pu, To diviue. 
 
 L^ Chan, Observe auguries, 
 1—1 usurp. 
 
 26. 
 
 P 
 
 Hn C/a', Tbeu, even, i.e. 
 
 M^ Chiuen', A roll, part of a 
 ^ book. 
 
 pi J Yin\ Print, seal 
 ^p 'loan, Eggs. 
 
 27. Z' 
 
 C/ruie\ Pron. of 3rd pierson, 
 also ira{)ersoual. 
 
 iYue?i, Ongiuiil, of course. 
 
 >^* S/ieii\ To receive. 
 AV 'F/i<, A friend. 
 j^ 'i^aw. Turn, contrary. 
 ^^ P'a?^^ To rebel. 
 
 30. P 
 
 rj 'K'eu, Mouth. 
 
 ::^PI illo, Harmony, mix, toge- 
 TM ther with. 
 
 "Hrf i/m^(5r', Decree, fate, life. 
 
 1=1 
 
 Shan\ Good. 
 
 |s^ JBTew*, Thick, generous. 
 jsjr F(3w', Satiate, disgust 
 
 28. i* 
 
 }s^ '/, An emphatic particle. 
 
 ZJ^ Ctii\ Go, reject. 
 
 ^^ J's'an, ^sken, A trine, t 
 <^^ ther, examine, accuse. 
 
 29. X 
 
 ^f Yiu\ Also, again. 
 ]3V 'CAiZ, To take. 
 ^t ^^^' ^^^^> ^" addition. 
 
 2^ Kau\ Inform, proclaim, ac- 
 R cuse. 
 
 pi ^K'o, Can, may. 
 
 ^ iMing, Name, fame, nominal. 
 
 R3 TFe;iSAsk. 
 
 Pi jr'«<??5', Together, like. 
 
 C^ Ko\ Each, every. 
 M 
 
 "PJ ,/Sf, Control, manage. 
 Ir! 'S', To inherit, succeed to. 
 
 p^^ BeiC, A sovereign, an em- 
 )X\ press. 
 
 ^-T fi^i^iun, A king, a chief. 
 
 >^Pl Chau\ To summon. 
 
 pT> jTsai, A note of admiration. 
 
 m| Hiang\ Direction, towards. 
 fl$ ,iyit, To call, to breathe.
 
 102 
 
 "^^yf^ 'Fi'ii, If not, or not, other- 
 
 Pl wise. 
 >^^ fili'aiuj, Taste, a sign of the 
 
 f^ past tense. 
 
 5Bl 
 PI 
 
 jTFit, Pron. Is^ pers. sing 
 
 it fiJiciL, Circumference, com 
 mJ plete. 
 
 •^J- ^Ko, Elder brother. 
 
 AN'ALYI ICAL UEADKK. 
 
 fihia. Excellent, anspicious. 
 
 Che\ Wise, worthy. 
 fl4 Ll\ Officials. 
 
 -T> Vitt, Prosperity, bliss. 
 
 ^Yen, Severe, strict. 
 
 " JU 'Zvu, Ancient. 
 ,^M^ '67t, History, recorder, censor. 
 VlUC U\ Comparison, to inform. 
 ^3^ &^vng, Decease, loss. 
 JEE^ 'Hi, Pleasure, joy. 
 
 |g)A iHicn, All, entire. 
 - pL^ CJii', Good luck. 
 /rt Yiu\ The right hand. 
 :23l C'/t'i, Vessel, instrument. 
 Y=^ ^0*, To join, agree. 
 JS9 jTan, Single, a list. 
 —4^ jA'it, lo weep, cry. 
 
 ^PY Chm\ Fault, sin, harm. 
 
 ri^ Sh, Greedy, vicious indulg- 
 r*^ ence. 
 
 P'^ ^Fa, Pha. I 
 
 ^-|J Li\ Hi. 1- Pharisee. 
 
 jj^ Sai\ See. 
 
 ^ I ^Sliang, Merchant, to consult. 
 
 Pyj* Cheii\ To curse, incantation. 
 Ij^ ,67t'ue. To blow. 
 
 jjT'iMi, To swallow. 
 
 J^ >S7t', To devour. 
 
 I ^ ^She, The tongue. 
 
 ^ ;S/iei(,', To sell. 
 P 'Ch, Only. 
 
 ir^ 'P'm, Class, grade, offerings. 
 
 t| 'Xu, A family name, a mu- 
 I— I sical scale. 
 
 K'eLi\ Kot'o, knock the head, 
 kuock at a door. 
 
 PP 
 
 Ch'aii, Ridicule, 
 nTP , Yiln, Lick with the tongue. 
 
 
 
 >\ fli, A span, 
 ^P* iT'ang, Name of a dynasty. 
 
 Jb^ JIan, To contain, hold in 
 ^3 the mouth. 
 
 ^ ^Hil, Blow, puff. 
 jjH" 'Tsii, To chew.
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 163 
 
 H* Chio'' ((?) chiaii, To masticate. 
 PM Ch'ang\ To siug. 
 M-^ jy^'*?', To ham, cautillate. 
 Dm ^Hiuen, Noise. 
 j^> 'C/i'-i, To open, begin. 
 
 SI. 
 
 pl| >Sf^^ Fonr. 
 
 A ,Yin, Because, from. 
 Kwo, Kingdom, nation. 
 
 PJ .J{wei, Turn, return. 
 
 ■^Tii, A map, to plot. 
 
 Ku\ Firm, of course. 
 ^ iYuen, A garden. 
 
 S 
 
 Kw'en\ Press, oppress. 
 
 -Wet, Enclose, besiege, sur- 
 round. 
 
 IA>I ,Ch'iu, A prisoner. 
 1^1 Yiu\ A park, garden. 
 
 32. 
 
 ± 
 
 ~-|-* 'T% Ground, earth, opium. 
 
 jVU Ti\ The earth, ground, a 
 JniJ place. 
 
 ^^ ,CM, Foundation, estate. 
 /4^ Tscu', In, on, at. 
 
 -fih'eng, A city, a wall. 
 
 -fih'ue^ To condescend, let 
 down. 
 
 Ching', Place, region. 
 3-0 -^Fite'/i, A wall. 
 ^ Ch\ To hold, control, take. 
 ^[^ Pciu , To report, recompense. 
 J^ -,rfu, The soil, dust. 
 ^ -,r'«7i(7, A hall. 
 ^^ iW'tt', A tomb, grave. 
 ^^^ Vang, Ground, soil. 
 ^ Tso', To sit. 
 J^ s^'c^^Jt, An altar. 
 iff To^ To fall. 
 ^ -,^'%, To daub, mortar. 
 ^^ -,Ch'en, Dust, earth. 
 J^i fh'ang. An open ground. 
 JR T'au, Level ground. 
 JP| ,ir'o, Uneven ground. 
 JR '^^'^' Crumbling, shattered. 
 
 ^ Hwai', Spoiled, ruined. 
 
 ^Chien, Firm, solid. 
 
 Se, sai\ To stop up, boun- 
 
 dary. 
 T^ ^Tsevg, To add, increase. 
 
 JS 'T'a, A tower. 
 
 ^^ jChimi, All, equal.
 
 1G4 
 
 B^ yJian, May, can, endure. 
 $rf Chan', A pit, a ravine. 
 
 ANALYTICAL READER. 
 
 5^ Tien', Fix, 0Ktal)li.sli, to make 
 
 ^Chie, Stairway-r 
 ^L S}m\ A scliool. 
 Aj& Shi, A coop for fowls. 
 
 *' 33. ± 
 
 J-^ Sh'i', A scholar. 
 :^J ^;iei6'. Age, longevity. 
 
 34. 
 
 X 
 
 Hia\ Snramer, name of a 
 dynasty of China. 
 
 36. Af 
 
 ^To, Much, many. 
 
 a/ Hi (c) -hi, Evening. 
 ^g^ M(y)7g\ A dream. 
 ^i^ Ye\ Night. 
 ^K Fai^', Outside. 
 
 1^ Sii\ Early, north. 
 
 37. i^ 
 
 •-^ Ta', Great 
 
 ^P jT'-ieri, Heaven. 
 >.-|^^ jj'u, A man, hnshand, fu-ts, 
 ]/V a teacher, fu-jin, a lady, 
 /it, a euphonic particle. 
 
 •^Ti^ T'ai\ Grand, vast. 
 
 ;;::^>C a iibiitioii. 
 
 3^ Nai', How 1 
 
 "^^ Fen', Earnest, energetic. 
 tI^ * Chiang, To praise, exhort. 
 
 J^ ^u', Mysterious. 
 
 ■Tjh^ CJiAa', To ap[)roach from 
 y^ both sides; to press. 
 
 ^ A Vast, to gamble. 
 
 Fent/, Obey, receive orders; 
 carry in both hands. 
 
 •^ >SA', To lose. 
 
 To\ Snatch, seize. 
 "pj -C/t'i, Rare, wonderful. 
 
 "^..Hi, How? why? 
 
 ^S" jPew, To run. 
 
 y ^^ Tseu', A report or memorial 
 ^^ to the sovereign, to strike 
 u}) music. 
 
 38. iC 
 
 ~nt 'A^*6, A woman, a daughter. 
 ^P -A. As, like, if. 
 
 ,C'hi, A wife, the chief wife. 
 
 W A^iin', Tender, fresh. 
 "hy 'Hail, Good. 
 
 Wa7ig\ False, deceitful.
 
 F\i\ "Woman, wife. 
 ^Chil, To marry. 
 
 VOCABULARY. 165 
 
 ^Sun, A grandson; gentle, 
 
 Hing\ The family name, the 
 family. 
 
 yYing, An infant. 
 Xf^ ^Ts'i, ^chie, 'chi, Elder sister. 
 xNr Mie\ Younger sister. 
 "n^ -Nu, A slave. 
 
 "iuM P'^\ ^ i^^id servant. 
 
 Chia\ To give in marriage. 
 
 ^Wei, Dignity, majesty, prow- 
 ess. 
 
 MyKii, A maiden, an annt, a 
 wife's mother-in-law. 
 
 "n'y Miau\ Admirable. 
 ^^2- 'T'o, Complete, satisfactory. 
 ,U, Delight. 
 
 -Yen, Elegant, refined, deli- 
 cate. 
 
 Mie\ To smirk, flatter. 
 
 39. If 
 
 "Hp" Ts, Son, child, doctor, sir. 
 
 ff 
 
 - .^ Ts^^ Letters, the marriage 
 " J " name, to love, nourish. 
 
 Shu, Who ? which ? 
 
 ^Tsun, To retain, preserve, 
 continue. 
 
 :?^ 
 
 |/|> yielding, 
 -^rt?^, A child. 
 
 Hiau\ Filial piety. 
 
 -^j^ CA/i', A season, the last of 
 " three. 
 
 / jy Yiin', Pregnant. 
 
 •^"^ JT6•^, To multiply, to swarm. 
 
 40. 
 
 >^ 
 
 , ;/, Proper, fitting, to set in 
 H^ order. 
 
 ^^ JJhia, A family. 
 -/^ '^71, Rest, quiet. 
 
 t-tl'>S/ieu, To hold, maintain. 
 "Qj* -*S/i, Solid, real. 
 
 ^1^ -Jung, The face, to tolerate. 
 J^ ^SA,', A chamber, a house. 
 ^Kimg, A palace. 
 
 ^Tsai, A ruler, to slay. 
 
 Ting, Certain, to fix, deter- 
 ,A£ mine. 
 
 ^^ Eai', To harm, injure. 
 Pl^ ^Eiuen, To proclaim, publish. 
 
 '* fih'in, To go to bed, sleep. 
 ^Shen, To examine, judge.
 
 Ififi 
 
 ANALTTICAI- RKADF.R. 
 
 /-"-:» ' t'J, A roof, honse, the cauopy 
 'J of hejivni. 
 
 ^^ Fii\ Rich. 
 
 J^surtg, Ancoator, chief, or- 
 7T^ acle, staiidiird. 
 
 *jd^ Ch'-a\ Search, examine, iu- 
 :^r^ vestigate. 
 
 \Pau., Precious. 
 
 ^Yifcn, Injury, spleen, blame. 
 
 _j^ -Kwan, Officer, maudariu, to 
 B govern. 
 
 .}'m. To reverence; the 'ird 
 \ ' of the 12 hours. 
 
 K'o, A gnest, stranger, mer- 
 chant, customer. 
 
 jraL -T/»(7, Tranquil, rather. 
 
 Kir'an, Large, generous, in- 
 dulirent. 
 
 --h^ .Hung, Great, vast. 
 
 ^t* C/>' , To lodge, convey, a re- 
 Pj niiiiiidcr. 
 
 41. -vj- 
 
 ~7| ln'itn'. An inc-h, 
 
 j!^ ^Chiang, Take command, in- 
 7|T| tend, will be or do. 
 
 T((h\ To lead, 
 
 ^ 7'.s'?^», To respect, reverence. 
 MkL Td^/'. Opposite, a pair, to 
 
 compare. 
 
 ^J^^ J//', Close, secret, intimate. 
 ■^R 'Ch'iing, Favor, affection. 
 ' ^T '^?^'«, Destitute, few, a widow. 
 
 »ES Ckwen, Special, sole. 
 • vj" 
 
 3^^ .Eiiln, To seek, afterwards. 
 i>| ,/6V^^, To seal, appoint, 
 jS"^ 5/i^*, To shoot. 
 
 42. ^J> 
 
 •j> '>Sf/a?<, Small. 
 
 '^■Ji *Skfu, Few, young. 
 
 «.^ i: 5?^', A constellation, to pass a 
 i0 night, lodge. 
 
 }7m', Indulge, pardon. 
 
 ^ -,//(XW, Cold, frigid. 
 
 'lit* 
 
 ^^^ .^Eican, The globe, a circoit. 
 
 >fl> Shang*, Ch'ang, Above, to 
 [^ exalt, yet. 
 
 43, ;^ 
 
 j?|r (?/»■«', Then, thereon, come to. 
 "TT^ ^Yiii, Blame, fault, more. 
 
 44. p 
 
 FH -A7, Near, familiar. 
 ^Cliil, To dwell, locate.
 
 VOCABVLAKy. 
 
 167 
 
 n V (c) u'H, A house. 
 
 M ^S/tu, To belong to, to enjoin. 
 ^LiL Sandals, to walk, an in- 
 
 come. 
 
 r^ ,S/i, A corpse, an effigy. 
 hcC ,Sh, A (lead body. 
 f? 'CA', A foot, a rule. 
 
 Chie', To reach, arrive at. 
 ^Lii, Often, repeatedly. 
 ©■ -JTs'eng, A story, or stratum. 
 
 46. jJ4 
 
 1 1 I ^Shan, Hill, mountain. 
 J^3L -.Ch'img, Lofty, to reverence. 
 
 .^Yicn, A cliff, precipice. 
 
 Ta«f, An island. 
 
 ,Kang, A steep high hill. 
 
 I-M 
 
 t=r^ Ngau\ A shore, bank. 
 
 ^^ JPeng^ To fall, death of a 
 ^r\ prince. 
 
 ^^ -J^un, A peak, summit. 
 
 MJ .Laji, Mountain mist; a blue 
 mU tinge. 
 
 ^ -/OZ;'/, liough, uaevea. 
 |W,C7.';Z, Rugged. 
 
 STai, A steep bank, a cliff. 
 
 C}Lia\ A mountain pass, a 
 strait. 
 
 ^ Tai\ The Taishan mts. 
 [--jr Yi^-, A mountain. 
 
 Zk^ fih'in, Lofty, sublime. 
 _^^ /', A dizzy height. 
 [||g Chang\ A chain of hills. 
 Hhrt. ^Chevg, Eminent. 
 IjIa^ -,Yung, Conspicuous. 
 ^Feng^ A peak. 
 
 47. ;ii 
 
 Irl ^C/^^'M, An island, continent, 
 / J I district. 
 
 I j I ^Cleioen, A stream. 
 ^ft -fihaii, A nest, a lair. 
 
 48. X 
 
 I ^Kimg, Work, mechanism. 
 
 -^-^ Tsc", The left hand, wrong, 
 /H to aid. 
 
 t| Chil^, Huge, chief. 
 
 -y^ ,C/i*a, ,c/^'ai, Difference, error, 
 /tI send. 
 
 J5 'Ch'iau, Skilful, cunning. 
 
 49. ^ 
 
 r-| 7, Already, to stop, a eu- 
 1^ phonic final. 
 pel ,Pa, A grip, handful, blow, 
 i -^ name of a place, sign of 
 the optative,
 
 168 
 
 ANALYTICAL UKADKR. 
 
 p 'Cki, Self, reflex prou. 
 
 50. rji 
 
 |Tl Chiit, A turban, cap, kerchief. 
 ^^ 77', A ruler, supreme majesty. 
 
 ,///, To exi)ect, riire. 
 
 Mu\ Teut, tabernacle- 
 
 ,S/^, A master, army, multi- 
 tude. 
 
 Fii\ Cotton cloth, to spread 
 abroad. 
 
 f^ fh'aug. Constant, always, 
 X\$ common. 
 
 
 
 A market. 
 
 5/*, Matting, feast, meal; pro- 
 fessor's chair. 
 
 ^S Tai\ A belt, draw, convey. 
 |jj|& P'a', A veil, a kerchief. 
 
 iV, Silk stuff, wealth, money. 
 
 51. ^ 
 
 ^tH .xV/cv?, a. year. 
 
 ~T^ ^^a«, A shield, to offend, 
 
 I serious consequences. 
 
 ^J^^ Ping'', United, also, even. 
 -^^ iPing, Level, just 
 
 52. i; 
 
 ,C/ti, ^c/ii, How, almost. 
 
 r/<^'. Tender, youth, young. 
 
 mjA Yiu\ Gloomy, dismal. 
 
 ^r-t II wan. Transform, sleight of 
 •^J hand. 
 
 53. f^ 
 
 jfe 'P-i, To protect. 
 T/, Bottom. 
 ^ Hwang, Broad- 
 Shu\ All, almost. 
 
 |l;i5' iV, To set aside, waste. 
 
 rfar J*!!^*, A degree, to measure, 
 /J^^ estimate. 
 
 i 
 
 IaK Ti>o\ A seat, throne. 
 
 '^ 'iw, A mansion. 
 
 -J'ung, Constant, common, 
 simple, to hire. 
 
 K'ii, Treasury. 
 ^ ,K'ang, Tranquil, opulent. 
 Ia|t -Lang^ Portico, verandah. 
 1^ Eic\ Preface, order, a college. 
 i^ .^Siang, Academy, asylum. 
 Jj^ fh% A kitchen.
 
 vocabulary: 
 (| S\ A privy, to cleanse, 
 C/iiu\ Stable. 
 InF ^Hiu, To protect, shelter. 
 'rtj jP'a?^, Kitchen, butcher's stall. 
 -T'ing, A halL 
 
 54. l__ 
 
 169 
 
 Chien\ To build, lay a foun- 
 dation. 
 
 - Yen, To prolong, to invite. 
 PJ .Jlwe, To turn back. 
 
 55. -^ 
 
 •-V* /', An arrow. 
 
 i. Sh\ A model, a prop, to lean 
 
 ^ 
 
 on. 
 
 57. ■^ 
 
 ^Ck'iang, ^ch'iang. Strong, vio- 
 lent. 
 
 K-^ fihang, Extend, stretch, bend. 
 
 ^ Fu\ Not. 
 
 -^^ Ti\ Younger brother, dis- 
 ^^ ciple. 
 
 C I ' Yin, To lead, introduction. 
 
 \-\ ^Kwig, A bow. 
 
 GS Jo\ Weak, feeble. 
 
 Ktft ^T'a/i, Beat a harp, a ball. 
 
 fi-Rra jM, More, to stop. 
 
 59. ^ 
 
 4f>^ -/ling, Form, body. 
 
 •^^ fihang, Display, illustrate. 
 
 -i^A 'Ts'ai, Brilliant, ornate. 
 
 M^ 
 
 ^</ 
 
 \K ^Ying, Shadow. 
 
 60. :^ 
 
 Fu\ Return, again. 
 
 ' Wang, To go. 
 >f3: Je* {c) pi, Obtain, get, can. . 
 >^ 'Pi, That, adj. pron. 
 ^55 iTs'ung, Follow, from. 
 
 T'm, Disciple, in vain, only. 
 
 A^ Eeu^, After, posterity. 
 
 AJXd I\ To serve, a low official, 
 'iJiiC. police runner. 
 
 ^nk <^^'^^' ^^'^"^^' subtile. 
 >?i Tae', Treat, wait. 
 
 /IS -Hiiin, Comply, according to. 
 
 i^ Te\ Virtue. 
 
 >{ 
 
 fJheng, Advauce, invade, con- 
 quer. 
 
 jCheng, Test, examine, act. 
 ::^ C/^^/i(/', A path.
 
 170 
 
 ANALYTICAL READKR. 
 
 /f|It 'Tang, Loll, stroll, lounge. 
 Aj^ -Jang, Koviug, straying. 
 X^ .//u, Gradual, at leisure. 
 
 61. 
 
 >^ 
 
 A \ >'5^^' Heart. 
 
 11^ ,Tre, Only, but, think. 
 
 Jgui i\'cf()', ?^;iA Evil, bate. 
 
 ^^ ^1/', Love. 
 
 "g* /*, Thought, intention. 
 
 iy'^ Pi', Certainly, must. 
 
 iV^ Ping', Nature. 
 
 1^ ^Kan, Feel, excite feeling. 
 ^ F^^', Sudden. 
 >77 Vew, Unfeeling, patient. 
 •r{" ^K'ung, Apprehension, lest. 
 
 Wi '^^^'^> I^egret, repent. 
 >|*ft rue\ Please, be pleased. 
 
 ^^ Si', All, to investigate. 
 
 ^ How', Im, Tempt, doubt, wa- 
 
 iLi> ver. 
 pi .tj, Dull, stupid. 
 
 fe ;T^««^, Forget. 
 ij*^ ,S7/, To rely on. 
 
 ^^ y^"> ^^9^^' CJrace. 
 
 ifllL ■^"*' Compassion, i)ity. 
 
 — |-f C/;/, Inclination, will, history, 
 ^Li^ to record. 
 
 ^^1^ Nie?i\ Thought, to read. 
 
 Ai^ -fi/i'ing, Passions, affairs, na- 
 I Yl turul feelings. 
 
 ^ Si\ Rest, cease. 
 
 ^H^ tF', Better, to heal. 
 
 J»^ -^Heng, Persevering, perma- 
 
 |M ' neut. 
 
 ^IvV^ -^Hivai, Bosom, to feel, cher- 
 
 VM ish. 
 
 ^V ^Kung, Respect. 
 
 ■^^ Pa?^', Violent, sudden. 
 
 ^W .C/^'2'6w, Guilt. 
 
 If^ J F2n9f, y? w^*, Answer, ought 
 
 Si j-S. To think. 
 
 TBu '-^'^^' Compassion. 
 
 S\ Hua7i\ Affliction. 
 7^ , Yiu, Sorrow, grief. 
 «|ffi Chii', Dread. 
 ^ iW, Auger. 
 
 /Ua> 
 
 ^e^;e*, Smartness, wisdom. 
 
 £X^ .Ts% Mercy, tenderness. 
 ^^^ -P'inq, Proof, to rest on. 
 4*^ Ha7i\ Hate, dislike. 
 ^^ C/^^■^ (c) fhi, Haste, urgency.
 
 VOGABULART. 
 
 171 
 
 ^A. '^\ Passion, desire, appetite. 
 *iii S/ie7i\ Cautious, precise. 
 ^Hiang, To think, desire. 
 
 J>j^ Wu\ Conscious, awake, to 
 I PI understand. 
 
 t^f Lil'^, To care, be anxious, 
 A»@« think about. 
 
 *V^ yllwan, Pleasure. 
 
 ^Si Hwe\ Comfort, kiudness. 
 
 i^u£ -J-'^^^i Pity, love. 
 
 Tm '^^'' -^^orfit, spare, love. 
 
 B-d* ^'^'j Soothe, comfort, sup- 
 4^^ port. 
 
 .jT^ Chung, Loyal, faithful. 
 4*:^ C'hid, Dignified. 
 
 XSC ^^^ > Hate, abhor. 
 
 J6^ -Z\ Think of, remember, con- 
 \M!^ jecture. 
 
 1^ il/a72*. Slow, disrespect, 
 *I*M Xr, Tremble, dread. 
 
 *[& <tT, Mistake, error. 
 ^y ^Ts^img, Haste. 
 J^Wf ^Ein, Delight. 
 ^^ ChH7ig\ Felicity. 
 ~3Ay '^''*'*' Shame. 
 /Fi?^ Z/ew* To dote. 
 y^ Kw'ai\ Quick, joyous. 
 }X ^Ts'u7i, Think, suspect. 
 
 *W ^Simg, Awe. 
 
 ^Hwang, Dread, apprehen- 
 
 )» 
 
 sion. 
 
 ^L'i. 
 
 X^|2^ Yuen*-, Blame, resent, discon- 
 "iCjs tent. 
 
 le^ •Hiuen, Suspend. 
 ^7J** iFen\ Anger, rage. 
 *Il* iMang, Hurried, busy. 
 
 Mu^, Desire, admire, 
 
 |I»J^ -Chien, phan. Repent, a pen- 
 itential prayer. 
 
 Jj- ^Ewang, Hurry, confused. 
 j^ T'e\ Fault, evil, badness. 
 v^ '^'^'* ^sv^rence. 
 ^^ {TsaJi, Shame. 
 ^p Tui\ Vexation, hate. 
 X^C. <^^^'^^^^» Reform. 
 
 62. 
 
 ^ 
 
 =^ Ewo\ Or, either, suppose, 
 r?A^ some one. 
 
 ''Wo, I, pron. Is^; pers. 
 nV, fh'eng, Make complete. 
 ^V i^^^ Cut to j)ieces, 
 ffij£ C?Aa;i', Fight, battle. 
 -A^ j-ffb, A pike, a weapon.
 
 172 
 
 Trg Ch'e\ To ( 
 7PC nonuce. 
 
 ANALYTICAL READKR. 
 
 caution, forbid, re 
 
 ^^ C/n\ A relative, sorrow. 
 
 Tai', AVear, or bear ou the 
 bead. 
 
 C/iia', A lance, jolting, stam- 
 mering. 
 
 63. ^ 
 
 t| iru\ A door, family, owner. 
 1^ Le\ Offend, perverse. 
 -Fang, House, room. 
 
 64. ^ 
 
 .^ 'Sheu, Hand. 
 
 -il/o, {c) ^mo. Feel with the 
 hand. 
 
 ^^T tiVa, Take, seize. 
 
 J'^^ .//«, -/i>, Convey, carry. 
 ttl^C/<r, Strike. 
 <fcij j-SaM, Sweep. 
 
 Jfi^ C/zii', Hold, proof, 
 
 J. PI 
 
 j^ jFan^, Spread, display. 
 
 ^^ C/«e', Receive, connect. 
 
 iBH i^('^h Handle, feel with the 
 on liaud. 
 
 if^* jFi^d/z, Rescne, snccor. 
 
 -^TJ >^^^^^^' To beckon, call togeth- 
 •fPl er. 
 
 ip^ Po\ Scatter, winnow. 
 
 aS^S Scatter. 
 v^ ,La, Draw. 
 5K f^^^'^9> S^^^' snccor. 
 1 Pai', Worship, bow down. 
 ^«', According to. 
 Jflh jiV^o, Remove, change place of. 
 3^ jT'gM, Plunge, cast. 
 ^g 'C/m. Elevate, all. 
 irt 'CAi, Finger, to point. 
 JHi XV, Pawn, seal, escort. 
 
 -J^H, Handle, take np. 
 #njr -^Ti, Oppose, balance. 
 ip C/i/<:', Resist. 
 y^" /Ts'ai, Talent, ability. 
 
 4^ Sheu\ Entrust, impart. 
 ddb -F?/, Sustain. 
 i^ -C//, Hold, control. 
 JS C/^o', (c) .(:hai, Choose, select, 
 ift ,7''2«, Push. 
 JuJ I\ Or, either, repress. 
 i4r 'Mo, Wipe, blot, paint. 
 jTi-'^w, Hold fast, manage.
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 ^> ,Chav^g, The palm, hold, con- |^ ,^.^^^^ ^^.^^ ^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 173 
 
 ^Jang^ Rob, lay bare, oppose. 
 
 -fih'eng, Receive, thanks, suc- 
 ceed. 
 
 fihiueii, Contribute, offer. 
 
 "Xul Pau\ Nnrse, embrace, hng. 
 
 4;^ -J^au, Shake, rock, scull a 
 IB-I boat. 
 
 4i^ '7a, Whip, scourge. 
 iT Ta, Strike, beat. 
 
 iW, Propose, decide. 
 
 'VtZ- Gho^ {c) -fho, Break open, 
 g[/ I take apart. 
 
 'P'm, Capture, seize. 
 
 Chen\ Arouse, stir up. 
 C7i*, Cast, throw. 
 
 fihHen^ Take hold, seize. 
 
 5jC T'ar^, /Mn, Test, try, sound, 
 inquire. 
 
 ^K /Jh'-au, Transcribe, confiscate, 
 short-cut. 
 
 "^Jtjn To\ Open, inaugurate. 
 
 ^F'an^ Cling, hold to. 
 
 jP'ae, Arrange, spread out, 
 ^j/ iP% Cover, cloak. 
 
 'S '^Fa;^, Draw back. 
 
 ^Hwe, Wield, manage. 
 
 * {n ^^^^ Beat, play on a harp. 
 VtX ^V ai,p'o\ Pat, tap. 
 
 -^Ij Ch'e, Check, hinder, draw 
 ^ * lots. 
 
 '-j^ 'Ts'ai, Pick up, cull. 
 
 Pa', Pluck up, follow, assist. 
 f 'rt 8k\ Gather, pick up. 
 
 * %]L ^^'^*' Break, snap. 
 
 C/^/V, Strip, break. 
 
 ^ C//?ii', Handful, to take with 
 ^J both hands. 
 
 * ')^ -Jjau, (c) J((u, Grasp, seize. 
 
 * /l2 >P''^^^-> ^ast, throw away. 
 
 * 'S jT'oan, Kuead, compress. 
 
 m 
 
 Sie, Carry in the hand. 
 
 65. ^ 
 
 >/^ advan 
 
 iverge, prop, succor, 
 vance money. 
 
 66. J^ 
 
 Ti\, (c) p, Rival, enemy. 
 
 3CA* Ch', To cause, so that, in- 
 it^ vestigate, 
 
 , Ktc\ A cause, reason, there- 
 
 ^^ fore.
 
 174 ANALYTICAL RKADKR. 
 
 -^h Kiau\ Teacli, train, doctriiic. 
 ttX. reliijioii. 
 
 Kiu\ Save. 
 
 Shu, Number, destiny. 
 
 X^yf 'Kai, Change, reform. 
 ifr^ 'Kan, Dare. 
 Jj^ ^Kung, Attack, work at. 
 /ptl/ Ching\ Respect, reverence. 
 
 14 Y Pai', Defeat, waste, decay. 
 
 tlir ^^"-'i '-^^^^ Scatter. 
 jn^ Cheng\ Government, politics. 
 ilx^ .-S/i^M, Receive, collect. 
 j\)f Fang\ Release, let loose. 
 HjL '-^^'^^' Examine, search. 
 
 i/ -,Fu, Spread, diffuse. 
 
 
 4 
 
 m 
 
 67. % 
 
 -Wen, Literature, figures. 
 'Fe, Elegant. 
 
 68. ly 
 
 ^Teu, A peck measure, the 
 Great Bear. 
 
 Liau\ Materials to conject- 
 ure. 
 
 69. /r 
 
 'So, Which, what; where. 
 
 .5, This. 
 
 . Toa)i\ (.'ut, break, by all 
 I means. 
 
 Jf^ 0/i\ Rebuke. 
 
 'm]X y^^^-' New, renew. 
 hr* jC/iin, A catty, an a.\e. 
 
 —ft* yFang, Square, place, method, 
 yj just before. 
 
 iife T5i<', Family clan. 
 TTs^' -tj, In, on, pertaining to. 
 ^ ,^'a^y, Side. 
 
 Mjj ,S/t, Give, bestow. 
 
 -La- 'Z?Z, Stranger, compiinj-, 
 >(fJX batallion. 
 
 -Eiuen, Revolve, in turn. 
 
 71. % 
 
 WJC Chi\ Since, already. 
 y[^ -Wii, Without, privative. 
 
 72. 
 
 H J'i', Sun, a day. 
 
 pY' »Se', Formerly, anciently. 
 gg -Ming, Bright, understand ; 
 
 B. 
 
 Ming j'i, to-morrow ; ming 
 nien, next year. 
 
 -^tT iShV, To be, right. 
 
 P^ .S/^, Time, hour.
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 175 
 
 Pm >^^"^^' Shine, display. 
 
 ^ Ch\ Wisdom 
 
 Frt 'C/^, Will, decree, taste. 
 n^ Jw^, Dark, obscure. 
 ^^ r, Change, easy. 
 
 P^ 3'[e\ Obscure, blinded. 
 ■^gy CA^M*^, Noon, daytime. 
 HW 'PFaw, Evening, night. 
 »&. TAftM, Early. 
 
 Kwa7?g\ Barren ; desert. 
 
 J 3 ^Kwhin, Elder brother, a 
 1^ worm. 
 
 •^^ 'P'2^, Far and wide. 
 J^^ -fli'-en, Morning, early. 
 
 £ yUiiiff, A star. 
 ^^ J0h'a7ig, Prosperous. 
 Sy Chan\ Brief, temporary. 
 ;^5;. i/u*. Evening, twilight. 
 &^ Ti\ Instead, fail. 
 
 
 C/i?', Also; more, end. 
 
 iQ^ Ckang\ Comfortable, copious, 
 expansive. 
 
 B^ <CA'/>?^, Clear. 
 
 a 
 
 ¥ 
 
 -^Yang, Bright, fair. 
 Ea?i\ Dry weather. 
 
 fih'-un, Sjiring, 
 
 jg^ 'A'z^;^, Sun-dial. 
 
 ^^ Fe-ji*, Evening. 
 
 n^ '^^?"«?A Morning, to know, 
 MtC make known. 
 
 ^Se*, Bright, discriminate. 
 0^ Yir,9\ Shi 
 
 ^. 
 
 line on, image. 
 
 Noan, Warm ; mild. 
 
 _gL 'Cking, Admirable, pictur- 
 ^j\ esque. 
 
 Tan\ Morning. 
 ''hJ (Him, Ten days, 
 
 73. 
 
 }-*I Im^*, Speak, said, called. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Hwe\ Meet, can. 
 
 j-S/m, "Write, book. 
 
 /Ts'au, Class, sign of plnral. 
 
 >g^ (Ts'-eng ,tseng, Sign of past 
 ^ tense, a family name. 
 
 ^^ Tswe*, Most. 
 
 ^Keng, Change, more. 
 Uh CAV, Crooked, injury, song. 
 S ^o', Why not ? 
 
 Drag.
 
 176 
 
 ANALYTICAL HKADRR. 
 
 74. ^ 
 
 /T3 'Yfu, To have, to be. 
 ^;^ Yiu\ ludnlge, forgive. 
 
 Q Yue\ MooQ, mouth. 
 
 d:^ \Va}ig\ Look towards, hope, 
 
 -f^ aspect, repute. 
 
 YiEl -<^''^'^» ///a?/, Morning, tovv- 
 
 -J7^ ards, palace, do homage. 
 
 cirfe Shenq\ Conquer, bear, snr- 
 
 m p^ss. 
 
 -JJhH, Period, expect. 
 Fu' (c) -fu, Submit, hug. 
 -^P'eng, Friend. 
 So\ North, first of a mouth. 
 
 75. /K 
 
 ^ We\mtyet 
 
 ~Ltt >Siang, Mutual, together, 
 
 ^fcj help. 
 
 y C Mu\ Wood, timber. 
 
 ^ i^ ^Pen, Root, origin. 
 fe ^ , Tung, East. 
 Jmj Shu\ Tree, to plant. 
 -^i ^Kwo, Fruit, really. 
 ^.FMiigr, Glory. 
 ^^g^ L(9*, yo*, IV, Joy, masic. 
 :^ ai', Collect. 
 /f^Jt ^^^^*» Extreme, limit. 
 r+J|l C/i'i', Reject, leave, cast away. 
 
 Ye\ Business, property, fi- 
 
 t^ ually. 
 
 ^ .^Clt'iaen, Authority, a steel- 
 yard weight, an exception. 
 
 -rfr Mo\ Tree top, end, tip end, 
 -^V no more, worthless. 
 
 ^J5 Chia\ Frame. 
 
 /i^ T'iau, A rod, a classifier of 
 |>l> long things, an article, a 
 law. 
 
 Shu\ Bind, control, encase. 
 Kai*, A stable. 
 
 ^ ,C/<2*, Engine, opportunity. 
 CA*, Plant, fix. 
 tS )^"*^"» Root. 
 
 Jleng, Perverse, crosswise. 
 jC/«, Thorns, brambles. 
 |»^ ,C/^ A branch. 
 V ,Pe, A cup. 
 
 ''Kan, Chinese olive, it be- 
 louors to the terebinthaceae. 
 
 ^{5 'Lan, A Idnd of olive; the 
 J^ canarium. 
 
 jbj^ 'Pan, Plank, board. 
 >fct r/^«*, Pillar, prop. 
 %^ Yang\ Sample, pattern. 
 
 -JL,eu, Loft, story. 
 
 J\^-u, "Withered. 
 
 I 
 
 I;
 
 VOCABrLARY. 
 
 177 
 
 T^ Ho\ Seed, keruel, compare, 
 >^ search. 
 
 /jv> lio\ Reform, come. 
 
 /|»Ar Chang\ Staff, cudgel, leau ou. 
 
 ,^i^ ^Meu, An}-, a certain one. 
 
 ^^ -^i^/^<, Pattern, samjde. 
 j^ 'Ch'ia, Model, ' 
 
 ^yK -Lin, Forest, grove. 
 /Kad* ^2e\ Terrace, arbor. 
 
 Tmt '^'<^^' Railing, cage. 
 
 >Wrt (^^, Door lintel. 
 
 >rS ^'^^'j Join, trnss of a house. 
 
 /^v4 .^Ts'ai, Materials. 
 7^ T'a*, A couch. 
 
 /^S" *Ch'u, Paper, mulberry. 
 / »S lYang, Poplar, aspen. 
 »|P *L?i^ Willow. 
 ^rt i^^^^i {^^ ornamental tree 
 
 76. X 
 
 /f^ C/«'gw', Lack, owe, debt. 
 /^/^ ZJ', Wish, desire, will. 
 
 ^^^y^ T's% Order, next in order. 
 
 H^l* -t^, A final expressing admi- 
 yvV ration. 
 
 ^Hwa7i, Joy, to like. 
 jlji^ ,Hin, Delight. 
 
 jC/i'i^ Deceive, insalfc. 
 
 / »ml {r'ung, l^with large leaves. 
 f)|jC .r'az^. Peach. 
 
 ^^^ *Z/^, Plum, liing-li, baggage. 
 
 ^Sung, Pine, fir. 
 
 >lJp| Po* ^Pai, Cedar, cypress. 
 
 Cha^, Stockade, fence or pen 
 of open work. 
 
 OTA >^^^ A song. 
 
 ^En, Sing, chant, recite. 
 
 T7. jh 
 
 g^ ,/i^^^7g, Return, render, yield, 
 Jtrp belong. 
 
 ||-^ 'C/«, Stop, cease, only. 
 
 ML?', Pass over, away, succes- 
 sive, experience. 
 
 Cheng\ (c) ^cheng^ Upright, 
 correct, virtuous. 
 
 -r^ ' Wu, Military, used for jnc, a 
 Jt-V^ step. 
 
 l^a^ ^we', A year, season. 
 
 ^^ Pi^', Step. 
 
 iL-Jb jC'A'/, Diverge, forked, c/^'2 lu 
 i'Vv a bye-way. 
 
 JE
 
 178 
 
 ANALYTICAL READKK. 
 
 78. ^ 
 
 /^ -i'Vai, Evil, bad. 
 7jf£. '5, Death. 
 ^Jt ,Shn, Different, really. 
 V'^ i^'^'Vnj, (Jriiel, barbarous. 
 7^C j^"^"^'^' ^"^^^^^ destroy, perish. 
 A^^ Taa', Insecure, almost.. 
 4^^ Sliancj^ Untimely death. 
 vrL '-^^^J Dissolution, death. 
 
 
 79. 
 
 ■^-^ ^Shu, A spear. 
 ^H/ ^/ict^ fc; ,s/ia, To kill. 
 ' " Tien\ Temple. 
 
 @tt* *i^^t'e, Destroy. 
 J^ , Yin, Great, flourishing. 
 ^Pan, A kind, the same. 
 ^^^-'.} Shell, hu.k. 
 
 80. ^ 
 
 ■/rr , TFit, {ivii, Do not, a denial. 
 -^ 'il/u, Mother. 
 ^^^ 'ilfe, Each, every. 
 
 Tii\ (c) j^<6, Poison. 
 
 ^Hf i/'^ Cherish, brood, nurture. 
 
 81. ib 
 
 J^K Ti, To compare. 
 
 .^^^ -^Mau, Hair, wool. 
 
 ^E* 
 
 ♦ .Haic, Hair, down, a mote. 
 
 83. ^ 
 
 ft 
 
 J/m, People, a plebeian. 
 
 Sh\ Family, suffix to family 
 name of a woman or other 
 persou. 
 
 84. 
 
 -V. 
 
 /=i»- Ch'i\ Breath, any gaseous 
 :^V body, matter, auger. 
 
 85. tJc 
 
 7 \^ ^Shui, Water. 
 
 \ ^ Ch^iu, Seek, desire, pray. 
 
 _ Fa', Law, mode, method. 
 ^ ire??, Tepid, warm, mild. 
 ^Ju, Thou. 
 
 Vx ^^^^'' ^^^^' ^^^' ^°^' °^' 
 5jak Shen, Deep. 
 
 ^■4^ ,<Sf^, To wash. 
 
 jPJ -i/'o, River, canal. 
 
 ^/Q CVt', Govern, manage. "
 
 ;J>b ,Sha, Saud. 
 
 ViwJ ^Cheu, Island, contineut 
 
 if& -P'*'^^ Divide, appoint. 
 
 'i7«i, The sea. 
 ^^,Tfu, Filthy. 
 Vra/ MeS Quench, destroy. 
 >y?/-' .C/i'ie, Cleanse, purity. 
 
 Po, A wave. 
 jS Htvo' (c) -Jiwo, Alive, mobile. 
 ;W ^C/iiw, Wine. 
 
 ^^ ,rm, Oil. 
 
 \^ -im, Flow, glide. 
 
 ylt 'Yung, Long, for ever. 
 
 V^ CVa', Cross a ferry, to succor. 
 
 ^^^ -Ym, Adulterous, profligate, 
 \^i excess. 
 
 jfprt ^Ch'ing, Pure, clear. 
 
 VOCABULARY. 179 
 
 Vl2 .J^i, Mud. 
 
 Y^ ^.se-, A pool, favor. 
 
 x|^ Kivan\ Pour, irrigate. 
 ±^ Cli'iuen, Fountain, money. 
 
 J\^ ^Kiang, River. 
 VdE - Ycmg, Ocean. 
 
 ^^ 'i^i■a^^, Full. 
 
 i)S\ <-^'"^^'^' Source, fountain. 
 
 Ylll -^Hung, Great, vast. 
 
 YA^ .Chan, Moisten, tinge, iufect. 
 
 j/.^^ O/io*, Wash, wash the feet. 
 
 ^jJL, Mil, Bathe, bathe the head, 
 '|/jV receive favor. 
 
 iHn" Chien, Gradual. 
 
 -^Hu, Lake. 
 
 ViSr ^*''^'' Name of a river, of a 
 dynasty, of the Chinese. 
 
 .Ch'en, To sink, perish. 
 
 ^\Ak -^Lun, Eddy, gulf, sink, per- 
 iW isla. 
 
 1^ '^'^' Thirst. 
 
 V^ ,P'm, Bank, brink. 
 
 sj^W So\ Trace up, go against the 
 current. 
 
 
 Leu\ Leak, omit. 
 
 Tit", Ferry, to cross over. 
 
 ^Siau, Melt, waste away. 
 \i^- 'Lau, Flood, excess of rain. 
 7_p, -^Feu, Float, swim, superficial. 
 Yh TTet', Name of a turbid river. 
 
 ,Chin, A ford, ferry.
 
 180 
 
 ANALYTICAL RKADRR. 
 
 V/f^ /S'Ar/, To wade, concern. 
 
 Tehl Ch'au, Tide, damp. 
 
 %jd^ iHivangi, A lake, pool, chwang 
 \>\ hiuang, embellisbmeut. 
 
 m^'i 
 
 Names of rivers. 
 
 V4iA -^Lin, Drip, trickle. 
 
 Mil 
 
 4m i^'^'^^^' ^ torrent. 
 
 W^ Chi', Excite, impede. 
 
 *)6^ i/ftii' , A flood, excess, snper- 
 iml fluous, intrusive, uomiual. 
 
 Ts'e\ Estimate, measure. 
 
 ^^ T'ai\ Vast, quiet, opulent. 
 'Ghii, An islet, sandbank. 
 Ts'ue\ To dip, dye. 
 
 ^rtj jC/i'm, To swim. 
 
 ^^ j(S/a, fcj s7ii', Wet, damjx 
 13^^ moist. 
 
 5^^ T'^i', To weep. 
 jn?> Ze', Tears. 
 
 V^ ^cxit', Vast. 
 .Yuen, Abyss. 
 
 ,Ts, To multiply. 
 
 86. 
 
 J^ 'Hivo, Fire. 
 4ffi JFit, Not. 
 
 K 
 
 ^**\ 
 
 -=^ ,i'«^i, Euphonic. 
 
 1^ jT^Kei, Be, become, make, do. 
 WC j./rt7i, So, vet. 
 
 ^^cjk -Viw/, Plan, plot, camp, le- 
 @l yiou. 
 
 ^f5 Fen, Consume. 
 
 >y U Zie*, Fierce, brave. 
 
 t^^ ,>ru, A crow, black, what? 
 >»^ wliere ? how ! 
 
 S\^ /fsai, Calamity. 
 
 ^kwi ^^'^^' Burn. 
 7JA| j-^^^^' Smoke, tobacco. 
 a?7 '-^'^^^' Destroy by fire. 
 jK|a .J'-'^^, Kindle. 
 f^S ^Teng, A lamp. 
 Mm Chau\ Shine, enlighten. 
 
 i»v> 
 
 ^»»> 
 
 /o', Heat. 
 
 ^Hiiln, Merit. 
 
 .^an, Vex, perplex, trouble. 
 
 ^wjs >Sie', Temper, mingle, blend. 
 
 ;4Flb Teu', .-(/e?!, A swallow, a feast. 
 
 ra; C}ii\ Kindle. 
 ^j£ Foi', Flame. 
 i]B^ ,S/io', Flash, explode. 
 JM 'rs'au, Brilliant.
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 iVm Lan\ Bright, toru, rotten. 
 aj^ ,Hwei, Splendor. 
 )rR, -Hwang, Lustre. 
 ^^ .P'eng, Bake, roast. 
 |S.li yHi, Bright, glorious. 
 
 181 
 
 JU\ 
 
 "Chu, Boil, cook. 
 
 87. 
 
 J^ 
 
 •r \Y jCheng, Contend, strive. 
 -^^ -Yuen, Therefore, at, in, next. 
 Tsio\ Rank, title, office. 
 
 88. 
 
 ^ 
 
 -^ Fu, Father. 
 
 .^Ye, Father, combined in 
 various titles. 
 
 89. It 
 
 'Er, Thou, a particle. 
 
 90. ^ 
 
 tI/tC -P^''^(^''^9> Bed, bedstead. 
 
 91. j- 
 
 y-y F'ien\ A strip, slip, leaf. 
 
 I 
 
 92. ^. 
 
 ^ Ja, Teeth. 
 
 ^ Fiu*, Door, window, to in- 
 struct. 
 
 /; 
 
 93. -^ 
 
 TFu', Thing, animal 
 ■ ^T *' ji\^'iit, Cow, ox. 
 
 Jl 'iftt, Male. 
 
 db T'e', Special, intentional, an 
 'TT ox. 
 
 T^t^ A calf. 
 
 VtjL^ M'^\ Shepherd, herdsman. 
 
 ^^g JJh'ien, Lead, draw. 
 
 iLrfj. ^Shenff, Cattle, beasts for sa- 
 tlSl crifice. 
 
 ti 
 
 »^t^ ~Lau, Firm, prison, a victim 
 •^^f-* for sacrifice. 
 
 94. 
 
 ^^ -,rm, Yet, like 
 
 X 
 
 gX ?7', Prison, law-suit. 
 pair Shell', Wild beast. 
 j^TT Hien\ Present, offer. 
 ^|J i?'a7^', Violate, offend. 
 /^M Hwo\ hu\ Take, obtain. 
 >l>t| Tu', Alone, single, only. 
 
 -Kw'ang, Mad, foolish, sport. 
 Ch'uin, A dog. 
 
 :^ 
 
 lip .s/., 
 
 A lion. 
 
 >i Chwanff\ Form, a lawyer's 
 brief.
 
 1S2 
 
 >U|tX nia\ Narrow, stupid. 
 
 ^j Lie\ Catcli, liuiit. 
 
 95. ± 
 
 ^i Sliwai', Lead, imitate, all. 
 
 ^^ ;i\. This, it. 
 
 ^/^ -Hiuen, Sombre, mysterious. 
 
 96. i 
 
 — I-^ jirrt/)?^, King, prince 
 
 ANAI.YTICM, KKADFR. 
 
 J ///»/, (yoral. 
 
 2^Ll» -,X'm, A kind of precioas 
 llT . stone. 
 
 L<i oij, Neck ornaments. 
 
 . ^ 7/^6, Amber. 
 
 h 
 
 Kill, Ebony. 
 
 Ti<'n, Lustre of a jjem. 
 J5^ 'Ts'an, Sparkling. 
 -F-V^ ./('/i' Auspicious. 
 
 97. jjk 
 
 aCtft ,,-• . ■ -1 rfv jAVrt, A melon 
 
 yp x.t, A principle, to govern, /^\ 
 
 ^^ She\ A harp of many strings. 
 ^r^ -Htvan, A ring, circle, around. 
 Wt ,Pa?i, Class, to distribute. 
 ^-rC f^^', Gem, jade. 
 ^^ -Ch'in, Harp, lute. 
 J^ ,Chen, Pearl. 
 
 >i^ -C/i'iu, Globe. 
 
 fihi, An astronomical Ie- 
 7% strumeut. 
 
 jplf Wan\ Joy, amusement. 
 Jjt rie?^^ A flaw. 
 jH 'Er, Ear-ring, pendant. 
 J^ ^C/iu, Pearl, jewel. 
 Jw^ P'i^, A precious gem. 
 J^Y .Heng, Emerald. 
 
 98. J^ 
 
 ^f^ 'TTo., Title, earthen-ware. 
 
 99. -y* 
 
 Shen\ (c) js/ie'^i, Intense, ex- 
 cessive, to the extent of. 
 
 Hg* ^Kan, Sweet, willing. 
 
 100. ^ 
 
 fcl-* ^Shenp, Life, to impart life ; 
 
 "t1 produce. 
 
 - ^;;2 'Ch'an, To give birth, an es- 
 }^1 tate. 
 
 !jt 'S^'W', '^0 revive. 
 
 101. ^ 
 
 B3 Vu7iy\ Use.
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 102. 
 
 __ 1\ Differeut, strange, 
 
 ^^ yTanrf, Ought, proper, in, on. 
 jXl - Y/u, From, out of. 
 
 fiJ yS/feii, Extend, rep 
 ,T'ien, Field. 
 -Na?i, A male, a son 
 C/ae\ Bouudarv. 
 
 eat. 
 
 Hil', c}i'u\ Store up, cattle, 
 
 P3 to breed. 
 
 Pi\ Ended, finished. 
 
 ^^ iLiu, Detain, delay. 
 
 [•Jl C//ia\ Mail, a cyclic char- 
 
 j acter, the first. 
 
 -^3" We, Fear, reverence. 
 
 \^ Lio\ Brief, com})endious, 
 ^=^3^ tactics. 
 
 PK fh'eu, A field. 
 
 ^1^ ^Fan, Footstep, change, a 
 P3 time or times, barbarous, 
 foreign. 
 
 .yj> Fi\ Give, bestow, 
 fiS- Chiang, Bound, limit. 
 
 ^. 
 
 .ffoja', Painting, a pen stroke. 
 
 '^l 'Mil, A mow, 7260 sq. ft. 
 
 103. jiE 
 
 IP 'P'^■, A piece of cloth. 
 
 183 
 
 used also for M to 
 
 ^^ -/, Doubt, 
 y>Pu decide. 
 
 ^ ,Shu^ Herbs, open, coarse 
 
 ^ 'Cleu, Pain, grief. 
 
 104. f^ 
 
 Ping\ Sickness. 
 C}a\ Malady. 
 ^^ T'ung\ ^t'eng. Pain. 
 j//en, A scar, a blow. 
 
 105. y^ 
 
 ^T^ ^Teng^ Ascend. 
 
 -Fa^ Ja, Raise, start, produce. 
 
 106. iQ 
 
 A hundred. 
 
 1=4 'Pa/. 
 
 •fe^ ,CA/d^ All. 
 
 tl P6>', -pai, White. 
 
 y^ .Htoang, Greatest, emperor. 
 
 H>l Ti\ Target, exact, a particle. 
 
 107. j^ 
 
 )j^ .P% Skin. 
 
 108. jnL 
 
 P, More, advantage. 
 
 ML 
 
 fc^ Shenq\ Full, abundant. 
 
 j^ C7;-t'/2i7, Fill.
 
 184 
 
 ANALYTICAL RKADER. 
 
 . Vh)(j, Full, overflowiug. 
 
 7^1^ Chin, Exhaust, finish, alto- 
 inL j;ether. 
 
 l^-T Chi€n\ Note, survey. 
 
 JUL 
 
 ^ no\ Why not ? 
 
 nil '-^^'"^ Vessel, instrument. 
 ^^ Taw', Rob. 
 
 59 .Menq, Alliance, pact. 
 :W^ jP'aw, Dish, board. 
 H^^ 7'a??/, A tub, large, enlarge. 
 
 109. g 
 
 ta. ,C/^c«, True. 
 ^^ Tm', Supervise. 
 ^S* Chmg\ Blany. 
 
 Q i/?^'. Eye. 
 
 ^ Ghiuen\ A relative, to pro- 
 tect. 
 
 Ch\ Straight. 
 
 Ch\ Locate, dispose of. 
 
 ^J^ 'Shig, 's/ievg, Examine, spare, 
 province. 
 
 ^K'an, Look, see. 
 'Yen, Eyes. 
 ^ 'Ku, Blind. 
 ^ irz^;'e', Blind. 
 
 PJ^ C/«/, Observe intently. 
 
 .^Mioi, Slnniber. 
 Hffi 'S'^'^*^', Sleep. 
 Bm *^^"'^''' Wink of an eye. 
 n^v P'ait, Look, hope. 
 I r-z', A glance. 
 
 110. ^ 
 
 ■^r^ .^Mau, Spear. 
 
 TR^ ^"^^Z, Business, earnestly. 
 
 «?^ , C/«>?, Boast, admire, pity. 
 
 111. ^ 
 
 ^P, a, Know. 
 
 "^^ *S/^*, Arrow, an oath. 
 
 4S *r()aw, Short. 
 
 4^1 ^/SAen, How much more. 
 
 112. -^ 
 
 l^ SU {c) .^sh'iy Stone. 
 
 P'o\ Break, burst, open, 
 IS iP'cin, A broad rock. 
 -^0 (c) ^mo, A millstone. 
 
 ^ .Chan, Look at. 
 
 ir fLe'i^, Sulphur. 
 
 •^5 Ch'ing\ A stone bell or cym- 
 ^ bal. 
 
 37tt, Cornelian, a yard, uu- 
 
 SqI merical figures.
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 185 
 
 Jn^ iTa?^, Agate, cornelian. 
 ■ '•- ^ Wti, A fine stone, but not a 
 
 i^em. 
 
 /n^ ,Fu, A stone, a false gem. 
 J^ Ch'w, Solid, real, reliable. 
 
 113. ^ 
 
 jljjH -^S//e?7, God, spirit. 
 ^:z^ 7'si\ Sacrifice, ofFerinc:. 
 
 jjjS Fti\ Happiness. 
 
 ffilHi '^^' Rites, politeness, pro- 
 )VSS.. priety. 
 
 jP ISk', To view, to treat. 
 
 ^^ Ckm\ Prohibit. 
 
 C/iu\ -flm, Bless, pray. 
 |fl)f fih% Pray, beg. 
 ll^^ '2a«^, Supplicate, pray. 
 !r^ 2^^^'^^ Misery, calamity. 
 
 ,— -^^ Sh^, Show, inform, a procla- 
 ^J^ mation. 
 
 ^Tsu, Grandfather, ancestor. 
 'ZTu, Bliss, prosperity. 
 
 JlitL '^'' S^c'^ifice, offering. 
 ^U, Withstand, resist. 
 -Sianff, Prosperity, luck, 
 
 114. f&I 
 
 -CkHn, Fowls, birds. 
 
 115. 7^ 
 
 "^^ -^ffo, Growing rice. 
 
 m^ )Su, Revive, Yesu, Jesus. 
 
 •ttb* ,C'/t'^?2g', Praise, address, 
 a-n* weigh, fit. 
 
 ^T^ AV, Grain. 
 
 /jC^ ,5, Private, selfish. 
 
 4*ffl Chung' , Plant, kind, sort. 
 
 'g? jC/«', Search, examine. 
 
 'P/?<(7, Hold fast, adhere, 
 handful. 
 
 ^^k ^si', Collect, store up. 
 
 S/(ue\ Taxes, duties. 
 i^ Etve\ Filth. 
 /F^ -J, Move, change. 
 a^ ,P?", Secret. 
 4^ -C/i'eng, Road, jonrney. 
 tEJ|^ ,C^'m, Autumn. 
 ilM 'i^2W, Store-house. 
 /l^. ' 1F(2?2, Firm, secure. 
 
 >3^ Sm\ Bloom, flourish, elegant. 
 
 Mii\ Sublime, benign. 
 
 116. ^ 
 
 FV Blue*, Cave, tomb.
 
 186 
 
 ./Q*- J\U(vg, Kiiipty, 
 
 A N A I-YTICA r, RKA I)FR. 
 
 ^7V N 
 
 j|_ We .it>/, rerseciitc. 
 
 -Uf .^Ch'-iung, Exhaust, poor. 
 
 'f^ r//'/^'', steal, stealthy. 
 ^A^ ^Ch'iuncj, Lofty, canopy of 
 
 JlCilN Ml. 
 
 -X^ T'ii\ SmMeu, rush. 
 
 -Jt. K/u, Search ont. 
 ji^j^ ^Chw'ang, Window. 
 jK'e^V/, Pry, spy. 
 
 117. ± 
 
 W Li\ Stand. 
 
 ^^ fihang, Chapter, display. 
 
 JuUt ^Toan, Correct, au item, com- 
 •Tlll mencemeut. 
 
 H^ ',T-iwg, Boy, maiden. 
 "^B C//zV, Exhaust, complete. 
 ^^ C///»i^', Finally. 
 j^ Chii'-, Wait, expect. 
 •Srt Ching\ Strive, earnest. 
 
 118. ^ 
 
 T?*, Nnmber, mansion, only. 
 f=^ ^ r^'/j^/. Class, eqnal, &c. 
 Art C//?>', Joint, verse. 
 ^^ C/r^<S Found, build. 
 
 ^^ ^P-ien, Essay, chapter, sec- 
 m\ tion. 
 
 -"T T ^ S/riu', Li\n<^\\, smile. 
 
 ll4j '^^^'^^''^^> Brief, convenient. 
 ;Ff';^ Feast, invite. 
 
 tfi ^Tu, Real, sincere. 
 "pdr Kivan, Govern. 
 
 Soaii^, Estinjate, calculate. 
 ^^ , T^r??, Hairpin. 
 Jgjfj C/(^<', Chopstick. 
 
 Yi 
 
 'Pi, Pencil. 
 C/;^//, Bamboo. 
 Siau, Flute, flageolet. 
 
 :^S jf/, Flute, piper. 
 
 119. ^ 
 
 M//, Rice. 
 
 j^^ €1(2710, Esseuce, fine, accu- 
 TPJ ^ rate. 
 
 ^Ts'u, Coarse. 
 
 .Liaiig, Provender. 
 j^V^ 'Fen, Starch, flour. 
 
 120. ^ 
 
 ^Ai Fo', Agreement, narrow, spar- 
 
 /l»J mor.
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 187 
 
 S^t, Plain, nnadorned, ordi- 
 uary, hitherto. 
 
 ^lU Si', Fine, small. 
 
 ^1 ^ -Fa?7, Numerons, abnuchmt. 
 mXU -fih'un, Pnre, sincere, perfect. 
 
 t ht \- T> *■•[ „^f^,.^ ^jiJ MF«»rt', A net 
 
 Xi£h '^^^- Rp^'TT^^) tneretore, I /|>|i2j -" 
 
 /I^C i)re-establislied i armony, 
 
 *^>^ filmng. End, final, not at all. 
 
 W^ Cliie\ Tie, connect. 
 
 ^X^ JF<?, Connect, only, merely. 
 ^iM )Tsmig, Generally, altoge- 
 
 •wr ^Ticng, Entire, general. 
 wpl Chme\ Cut off, extinguish. 
 
 ^"pt C/^?', Period of 12 years, a 
 /FU record. 
 
 >^7^ ^Ching, Rale, classic, warp, 
 /[ol longitude, experience. 
 
 2^1^ ,P/e;«, To twine, compose 
 /Mln verses or books. 
 
 *JaI ^ci\ Pay, give, receive. 
 ^a ^/^^', ('-') "chi, 'kei, Give. 
 "flwl >^^''^^^9^ Main priucij^les. 
 
 Floss, cottony silk, 
 extended, connected. 
 
 -Miefi, 
 
 ^ ^ Tsiing, Let loose, suppose, a 
 direct line. 
 
 '^_ -Hang, Red. 
 ^^ ChaiL, A rip, rent, hole. 
 ^^ '/S'(9, A cord, to seek. 
 
 Hi\ Tie, bind. 
 «-^ i7/', Family line, connect. 
 
 ^=^ ' 1^'^, Transverse, woof, lat- 
 /P^ itude. 
 
 ^TT* Mie7i\ Fine threads, counect- 
 TpiMj ed tho ight, pouder. 
 
 W^^ ^Liau Wind around, envi- 
 v^^ ^Jctii, ron, saunter. 
 
 ^^ 'i?t, A filament, a nice dis- 
 *^< tinction. 
 
 vj^^* 7V, Indissolubly joined, 
 
 'F»0 adg 
 
 apted. 
 i"S ^^'2, Silk gauze. 
 
 ■K^ -,C/i'z, Grass cloth. 
 
 ^^ ,Hi, Hemp cloth. 
 ^m Siii\ Embroider, decorate. 
 mK J*^' ^^^^ thread, raw silk. , 
 *Mt Lu\ Green. 
 
 K^ C/^r, To succeed, connect with. ' ^^ 'M Often, entangle.
 
 188 
 
 J^^ Ch\ Weave. 
 
 j&rl TsM, Fringe, tape, badge of 
 
 ?[>Jx office. 
 
 :&ilt fif''''^'^'y Draw threads fur 
 
 ANALYTICAL RKADER. 
 
 /l*^l| weaving, silk, pongee, 
 Y^ P, Draw out, unravel. 
 
 >hXX Chi\ Twist, join, continue, 
 ?py compose ; pursue, seize. 
 
 121. -^ 
 
 Ch'iue^ Deficit, few, gap, of- 
 ficial post. 
 
 122. f^ 
 
 Tsi(e\ Sin, guilt. 
 
 ^fh :Lo, A net, gauze. 
 ,--|^^ '^aw, Rare, admire. 
 f|| i^sj', Punish, fine. 
 
 -Li, lo, Encounter evil, grief. 
 
 ^Shu, Yamen, office, manage, 
 act pro tempore. 
 
 R^j ^ Wang, "Without, privative. 
 
 12-3. ^ 
 
 HR -^Yanff, Sheep, goat. 
 
 -C/i'iiln, Herd. 
 
 r, Justice, righteousness, 
 kindness, friendship, pa- 
 triotism. 
 
 ^ 'Me, 
 
 Beautiful. 
 
 - H ru. A'a^/, Lamb. 
 
 ^^ /S/«, Shame. 
 
 ;-;!; >SV^';/, Covet, long for. 
 
 T ^ /S7/«?i, Fetid, rank odor. 
 
 124. 3^ 
 
 iTa^f*, A quill. 
 
 ^ A Wing, aid. 
 ^1 *S'i', Hepeat, imitate, learn. 
 i-ll ^Chlen, Destrov. 
 
 Ts'ue\ A green bird. 
 "jf|^ To\ yau\ Splendor. 
 ^^ Hi' , Unite, combine. 
 
 ''Chu, To soar. 
 
 *Siang, Gj'rate. 
 
 -^Au, Hover. 
 
 fhHau, Higb, raise the head. 
 
 7UL 
 
 125. 
 
 ^Che, A relative ref. to per- 
 sons and thin<i:s. 
 
 ^Lau, Old, aged. 
 
 Z^ST ;C/i'?, Aged, an elder. 
 
 ^^^ ^Kett, Superannuated, wrin- 
 
 126. Jfo 
 
 |[p ,£•/', And, but.
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 189 
 
 "pjc* fihwen, Solely, bent on. 
 |^.V«', Patience, perseverance, 
 
 127. ^ 
 
 128. :^ 
 
 jj^ '^r, Ear, a euphonic. 
 ••^P Sheng\ Sacred, sage, holy. 
 StM ,T'm_^, Hear, allow. 
 
 i-pvi -Wen, Hear, perceive. 
 
 TTrt jYe, Interrogative final, Ye 
 -«*^j4 sw, Jesns. 
 
 f^'^^ /Sheriff, Sound, report, fame. 
 
 ^8 
 
 C/m', Collect. 
 
 ld(ll ^Ts'ung, Wise, quick-eared. 
 ^ (7/i', Office. 
 
 ^^ -JLung, Deaf. 
 
 Byp -Jjien, Unite, connect. 
 
 129. ^ 
 
 ^ Chavb\ Commence, found. 
 ^t(/*, Solemn, serious. 
 /', Practice, labor. 
 
 130. ^ . 
 
 ttt* xNeTig, Able, can. 
 
 ^ Ju , jeu', Flesh. 
 To\ Extricate. 
 
 yKaw, Grease, anoint. 
 
 iA^ Pel', Back, carry on the back, 
 pj turn the back, recite. 
 
 te ,T'ai, The womb. 
 
 P=4 U\ Rear, nurture. 
 
 ^ 'K'en, Willing. 
 mb -JFe, Leg bones. 
 Q2^ ,Fei, Fat. 
 H]^ Ta72., Gall, courage. 
 H^ 'i^tt, Bosom, belly. 
 -^Fu, Skin. 
 
 ^Pau, Womb. 
 H/^ 'P'i, Conception, fostus. 
 HJw -J^u, Order, record. 
 
 Htt fill, Fat, essence. 
 
 _L|:| ^Hu, Why ? Northern bar- 
 R/J bariaus. 
 
 HB ySing, A fishy odor. 
 ^i;*^ - Tail, Meats, viands. 
 
 Loan, Minced meat. 
 
 j^T" 3^,j^^ Decayed, rotten. 
 p=| jiTfX, Altogether, almost. 
 
 131. g 
 
 pj .fill' en. Officer, liege. 
 jfei -Lm, Arrive; confront.
 
 100 
 
 iMl ]V( \ Lie down, sloo]). 
 
 t^ 7V, Self, of conrso, from. 
 Jb^ IIiu',ch'eu\ To smell, stench. 
 
 .. K Ch', x\rrivo at, most. 
 ^ij Tau\ To, at, arrive. 
 *^* -^T'ai, Terrace, stjige. 
 ^Chen, Arrive at, most. 
 
 134. p 
 
 ANALYTICAL RKADRR. 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ^fe^ ^U, With, give, iuterros,- 
 ^k ative ? 
 
 4^ Chill, Old, aucieut. 
 
 ffiU Hing, Uise, raise, flourish. 
 
 1 -59. -^ 
 
 ./^^ Se\ \sh.ah, Color, Ijeauty, siu- 
 I ^ siiality. 
 
 140. Il't 
 
 l^l W(i,v\ A myriad, all. 
 
 lfe!l ./r/, Tf. sii{)pose, like, that, 
 /fz^ his, its. 
 
 ■^-^ 7iai', Because, covt^r. 
 
 "31^ Hum, Flower, glory. 
 
 -^^ .Me/tiff, Simple, cover, receive 
 ^^ favor. 
 
 -^ 7i'H, Bitter. 
 Tsanff\ later. 
 
 ,^, Bear aloft, sustain. 
 
 135. -^ 
 
 .qb> /S/ie, Cottage, yield, give up. 
 
 137. j^ 
 
 -+M* ^Cheit, Ship, vessel. 
 iW^^ -(Jhtv'en, Boat, ship. 
 
 138. ^ 
 
 "ipT -JLianq, Good, virtuous, ra- 
 ^ the'r. 
 
 fikien, Difficult. 
 
 ^^^ -Z/iew, Water lily. 
 
 1^^ .Jjcm, A flower, Aglaia odor- 
 
 Hra^ -Ts'anq, Conceal, store. 
 
 Tf^' Himng, AYild, waste, hi 
 
 -^ 
 
 .^^ jl/o', No, not, must uot 
 
 j\v^ iYing, Bloom, brave, heroic. 
 
 }y ,Hwa, Flower. 
 
 Chie\ Reliance, pretext, re- 
 pf cord. 
 
 .J'au, 
 
 Grape. 
 
 ^ Cho\ chib\ To send, publish, 
 disphi)'. An affix expres- 
 sive of completion.
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 191 
 
 ^:gr Lo\ laii, Fall. 
 
 'Kelt, If, doubtful, irreg-alar. 
 
 JTs'ang, Azure. 
 JK Po', -j>a'ii, Thin. 
 
 gifi iTu^ Protect. 
 
 ~fj:^ Ho, Lotus, to bear, receive 
 m luvor. 
 
 ll?^ Pi', Veil, to ob^cui'e. 
 ^ip *Miau, Minute, slight. 
 ^^ } o', 2/«^<'^ Medicine. 
 ^5^ -.W^w, Weeds, rubbish. 
 "^K^ 'Hang, Death of a uoble. 
 
 ^Kxuo, Fruits. 
 •"i^ Fe', Leaves. 
 
 j6V, or J^, To revive. 
 
 &i^ 'Ts'au, Grass. 
 
 trt -^Miau, Germ, aboriginal. 
 
 r^ il/ait', Flourishing, abundant. 
 
 Chie)i\ Recommend. 
 'Ko (c) -ho, Flax. 
 
 •jj*;^ Yin^ Shade, b}- privilege of 
 1^ birth. 
 
 Yuen\ Pasture, park. 
 ' JFcmg, Fragrance. 
 
 ^^ /', Planf, cultivate, cra.fr, art. 
 ^_^ Hu\ Nourish, hoard. 
 ^S Ts'ai\ Herbs. 
 
 ^,F6, Potherbs. 
 
 :+^ -^Ku)'e, Malvaceous plants, 
 ^5^ the sunflower. 
 
 >^ CA.ie^ Mustard. 
 
 >Q^ ,P<?''?', Perfume of flowers. 
 -^^ Tanq', Vagrant, vast, waste- 
 
 i^ ful. 
 
 Luxuriant. 
 
 141. 
 
 'Ch'ti,, Cku\ Place, dwell, to 
 place. 
 
 Hau,\ Sign, title, cry. 
 
 Ch'ien, Earnest, devout. 
 t^ Nio', Oppress, injure. 
 r^ ^Lo, Prisoner, ravage. 
 
 142. ^ 
 
 ^^ ,^7ie. Serpent. 
 
 !^ i¥i*, Honey. 
 
 ib^ -^C/iHcn^r, Insect, worm. 
 
 /f»^ -il/an, Savage. 
 
 jlo, A Small sea shell.
 
 192 
 
 ANALYTICAL KRAnER. 
 
 w}A -Hivang, Locust. 
 UlLJ ,7/irt, Shrimp, crawfish. 
 llirt ^J^o, Ovster, muscle. 
 j^=^ -/r.s'an, Silk-worm. 
 
 ,C/iU, Spider. 
 
 ^Yin, Earth-worm. 
 
 fih'an, A kind of locust. 
 i r, Ants. 
 
 lY/'fo, Flies. 
 
 143. jf[L 
 144. ^t 
 
 y[-f jFnif/, hang, Walk, act, hong. 
 
 ,C7i/6, Street. 
 
 We\ Protect, defend. 
 ^J Shu\ Method. 
 
 -C/^'it, Street, road. 
 W -,Heng, Transverse. 
 
 *^VY"F(??2, Inundate, amplify. 
 
 ■^}f^ -Jliuen, Brag, boast, display, 
 'J?J for P^ to dazzle. 
 
 145. ^ 
 
 ]^£ ,7, Clothes. 
 ;^ ,a'M, Beginning. 
 
 P^^', Hcccive, prefi.x to pas- 
 sive verbs. 
 
 '^tV ,/, Posterity, tribe. 
 
 -^* Ai, Grief, sorrow, melan- 
 -5< choly. 
 
 ^^ 'S'i', Lurk, take by surprise, 
 
 hereditary. 
 "^ft filmng, Heart, nature. 
 
 ^^ CVi', Manufacture. 
 
 "^^ Shiva I , Decay. 
 
 ij, P'oAi, Mantle, robe. 
 
 ^^ .^Nang, Bag, sack, yesterday. 
 
 H' 
 
 Pi/, Patch, mend. 
 
 ^ 'Plan, Outside, display, ex- 
 
 uui[)le. 
 
 'Lo, Naked. 
 
 >^* .(Jh'-ang, Clothes, lower gar- 
 ments. 
 
 ^ Fii\ Rej)eated, double. 
 -fih'iu, Jacket, vest, 
 ^ ,Chin, Skirt. 
 
 ^m Siu\ Sleeve. 
 
 ;Mil )Chwang, x^dorn, repair, lade 
 ^^C '<^ ship. 
 
 ^^ -Ts'ai, Cut, trim, shear. 
 ^A Lie', Rend, tear.
 
 VOCABULAKT. 
 
 193 
 
 146. 
 
 [)tj )S'^> West. 
 
 m 
 
 fcM^ 
 
 Fau*, Wish, will, important. 
 
 Fu\ Reply, repeat, overturn. 
 
 Ho\ Investigate, search, ve- 
 rify, distinguish. 
 
 147. ^ 
 
 ^3 Ckien', hien, See, be seen, 
 y^ appear. 
 
 ^B jOA'm, Kindred, intimacy, 
 ?5^ self, own. 
 
 Hien*, At present, appear. 
 
 ^Kwan, Behold, consider. 
 
 Chio\ chiau\ Conscious, feel, 
 awake. 
 
 So Tu\ Look, see. 
 
 ■jtttt Chin\ Interview with a su- 
 ^^ perior. 
 
 sB T-i*^, See, face to face. 
 Mi\ Seek. 
 
 148. ^ 
 
 BB (7/uo*, ^chiau, Horn, corner. 
 
 'Chie, Untie, explain. 
 
 -Ku, Square, law, plan, a 
 square vessel, a wine cup. 
 
 I=t 
 
 -Yen, Words, speak. 
 
 1^ We\ Say, call. 
 
 ^d^ film, Many, all, plural pre- 
 H^ fix, in, at. 
 
 gjjl Hiun\ Instruct. 
 
 ^^h. (Siang, Full, minute, in de- 
 
 !^^ P'i\ Compare, parable. 
 ^ Sh\ Try, 
 
 endeavor. 
 
 ^H(i ^'' ■^*^^^^» command. 
 
 5^ Ohie\ Ordinance, command- 
 ment. 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 -^Mo, Plan, plot. 
 
 .^^ yKai, Ought, altogether, the 
 ]g^ said. 
 
 ^Hm /S-ie', To thank, to decline. 
 gA^ 'JTu, Promise, approve; much. 
 
 gtj Tsu, Curse, imprecation. 
 
 ^:^ 'Ch'ing, Invite, request, in- 
 Pf3 quire. 
 
 ^^ ^sa7^^ Praise. 
 gp, CAi', Record, remember. 
 qW JJh'eng, Sincere, honest. 
 g^ Cheng\ Evidence, witness. 
 ^5 '?/, Words, discourse. 
 
 SB 
 
 r, Visit. 
 
 rtj£ ^SVayo^ Speak, narrative.
 
 )01 
 
 ANALYTICAL READER. 
 
 C]ii\ Count, calculate. 
 
 Mi 
 
 gffi .Shuo, Who? 
 
 g^ Jang, Yield, relinquish. 
 
 ^/^ Lun\ -Jiun, Discourse, trea- 
 PIIIJ tise. 
 
 ^^ Sh\ Oath, swear. 
 
 Sh\ Know, remember. 
 rt^ /', Discuss, negotiate. 
 
 ^^ Pien\ Turn, change. 
 gj^ Sung\ Accuse, law-suit. 
 
 gm jTs' Words, verses, statement. 
 
 ^Ip ^'o', fcj ^t'o, Entrust, pre- 
 pXrf tend. 
 
 ^J^ Chau\ Edict, proclamation 
 Ppl by the sovereign. 
 
 -.;!%■ 
 
 g^ Yiu\ Win, beguile, persuade. 
 
 Q» ifwe', Instruct, admonish. 
 
 gM ^Eu, Recite, sing. 
 Hm Simq\ Read, recite. 
 ^f ,»S/i, Verses, poetry. 
 
 'Chiang, Speak, discourse. 
 
 ^-p Tc6%', Birth, advent of a 
 gX" great man, great, false. 
 
 Im '^^^''^^''^' Rebuke, punish. 
 
 gjnT 'Zwe, Deceit. 
 
 ^^ 'Ch'ien, Modest. 
 
 ^^ Tit', (c) ,tu, Read. 
 
 ^»^ ./c9i', Recognize, acknow- 
 0>b'» ledge. 
 
 ^^ yKw'a, Boast. 
 
 PF1 
 
 CMe', Inquire. 
 
 ttjft 'Chin, Careful, respectful. 
 -JJ, Praise. 
 
 fc=a 
 
 g^ -^"'''^'' Slander. 
 
 ^Itt 
 
 gau TFit', Mistake, error. 
 
 Miu\ Error. 
 
 •^pET -^T'iau, tiau, Turn, temper, 
 |:|/fy mix, musical air. 
 
 ^^ Pien\ Eloquent, distinguish, 
 
 vindicate. 
 
 rtM* IV, Frightened, astonished. 
 gS 'C/iVtn, Flattery. 
 
 O^ >C/a, Ridicule. 
 
 j^ -JP'ing, Censure, criticism. 
 
 ^flC 'I^'it''^^' Sing. 
 
 g'B^ jfl^-ie, Harmony. 
 
 O/m*, Who? How? 
 ^^ ^Pu, Record, catalogue. 
 
 ,TscvL, Consult, inquire. 
 
 1^^ ^Ching, Warn, caution, ex- 
 ~^^ hort, to respect.
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 195 
 
 150. :ig: 
 
 ^ Kn\ Valley. 
 
 151. ;g 
 
 Hi 
 
 ^^'(7/1% How? 
 ^Feng, Opulent. 
 
 ..•^ 
 
 ^JjDL 
 
 Yen\ Beauty. 
 
 152. ^ 
 
 \i. ^Siang, Elephant, ivory, fi- 
 '^ gure, emblem. 
 
 iPing, Name of a state. 
 .^T'un, A pig. 
 
 ^^ -Hau, Rich, opulent. 
 
 S^^ i^^ Beforehand, doubt, sus- 
 4^\ picion, luxury. 
 
 153. ^ 
 
 Mau\ Appearance, face. 
 Mo\ Barbarian. 
 
 154. 
 
 H^ Ts', Bestow, confer, 
 Shu^, Redeem. 
 
 Fvl, Bear on the back, turn 
 the back; repudiate obliga- 
 tions. 
 
 • y^ * Che^ (c) .}se. Rebuke, reprove. 
 
 .Ts'ai, Riches. 
 "S* Kwei', Honorable. 
 
 C Sai\ Vie, display. 
 
 •Y 
 
 P'iw, Poor. 
 Hwo\ Goods. 
 
 jPit*, Conferred by heaven. 
 
 CK, Talent, matter, pledge, 
 hostao-e. 
 
 jTan, Covet 
 ^ 'ifcti Buy. 
 W il^ai', Sell. 
 ^ Kung\ Tribute. 
 ^* jMe'T?,, Worthy, wise, gifted. 
 
 ,Pm, Guest, retainer. 
 
 ^Shang, Reward. 
 
 J Tse* (c) ^tsei, Thief, steal, in- 
 jure. 
 
 ^Ts, Means, supply, rely on. 
 
 p-f^ Chu\ Hoard, store up. 
 
 JKeng, Repeat or continue a 
 
 song. 
 
 155. /)is 
 
 /IK/ She^, Forgive. 
 TH^ G'^\ I^sd, sincere, earnest. 
 Ho\ Awful, majestic. 
 
 156. 
 
 Yue\ Pass, leap over. 
 
 ' Cki, Rise, raise, 
 
 ^Tseu, Walk, run, run away.
 
 lOG 
 
 ANALYTICAL READER. 
 
 W >^'^''"'> I^""' ^"'•^ towards. 
 Fit, Go. 
 L'h'cn\ Avail of. 
 
 157. ^ 
 
 LiC, lload, way. 
 ^^ Tsio* (c) pu, Foot, enough. 
 
 aicri', Tread. 
 
 Chi\ Track. 
 
 Kwei\ Kneel. 
 Kg Tait, Tread, stamp on, 
 ^h C/a', Going back and forth. 
 
 Clm\ To walk unsteadily. 
 
 JJhu, Overleaping, hesitating. 
 
 .^Ch'eu, Undecided. 
 
 Chi\ Cling, climb, rise. 
 
 ^ 
 
 iKxmg, Person, self, 
 ini ,C7t% Body, person. 
 
 159. 
 
 v|^ T'icm', Leap. 
 Yo\ Spring, 
 'Sien, Barefoot. 
 
 ij;^ Yo\ Spring, dance. 
 
 ^Si Kwei\ Kneel. 
 
 158. 
 
 To walk reverently. 
 
 iShen, Body, person. 
 
 ;|^ ,C/m ych'e, AVagon, chariot. 
 M# Chiau*, Compare. 
 yCJdun, Army, 
 Hia', Control. 
 Tsai\ Convey, a year. 
 Ch'ing, Light. 
 Pei\ Class, grade, generation. 
 
 1 1^ -Lun, Wheel. 
 
 - ^&i ^Shu, Rotate, pay out, lose, 
 ™0n be beaten. 
 
 J Chwen, Turn. 
 
 ^Hwe, Splendor, lustre. 
 
 -^U, Imperial domain. 
 
 p 'Fu, Spokes of a wheel, with 
 ffl next to collect. 
 
 ^Ts'eu, Hub of a wheel. 
 
 ^^ 'Fw, Aid. 
 
 JIung, Booming, as of can- 
 non. 
 
 160. ^ 
 
 Hiiig\ Fortunate. 
 ,Kii, Offence, guilt. 
 jT's, Words, to decline.
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 197 
 
 Pien, Distinguish. 
 ' V -^ ^Sin, Bitter, acrid. 
 
 161. 
 
 Ju\ Shame, disgrace. 
 -Nung, Husbandman. 
 -^Ch'en, Time, the 6th hour. 
 
 162. 
 
 ^ 
 
 h|^^ ySue, Then, thereon, at once. 
 
 ^H ^Chia, A Buddhist name. 
 >^^ Tcfcu*, Way, method, truth, 
 
 doctrine, reason. 
 Kwo\ Pass, cross over, trans- 
 gress. 
 
 ^TS <^'a^, Escape, fly. 
 
 H[^S ^Hiuen, Select, choose. 
 
 -j[B ^Chue, Pursue, 
 
 jr^ Tsau\ Create, make. 
 
 "1^^ ' Yuen, Far, long. 
 
 I^F Pi*, Avoid, escape, 
 
 JP^ Tai', Until. 
 
 'jPo-ti, Return. 
 
 Sh\ Meet, suit, go. 
 
 -/, Omit, transmit, let fall, 
 
 "y^Si leave behind. 
 
 JTsun, Observe, obey. 
 
 i^ *C]^ien, Send. 
 
 >j±^ 
 
 J^ ^TTe, Oppose, withdraw from. 
 Jl^^ iVt', Contrary, resist. 
 HrS jTsau, Meet, encounter. 
 ^^ jT% Path, road, 
 
 Pien', Everywhere. 
 
 Su^ (c) .^su, Hasten. 
 
 jT'ung, Open, reasonable. 
 
 ^^ Ta\ Open, intelligent, pros- 
 It^r perous. 
 
 M 
 
 CAu', Eject, persecute. 
 ^)y Chin', Near. 
 
 jYlxu, Invite. 
 
 >S^/iu*, (c) js/m, Narrate, relate. 
 J^ Chin', Enter. 
 
 JJI^ P'o', Urge. 
 
 ^7^ jilf'i, Delude, astray. 
 jiTm, Remote. 
 'Er, Near. 
 
 »JM 
 
 Ijfrt -Toan, Go and come, haste. 
 
 -Yiu, Roam, rove. 
 
 Yiln', Revolve, circulate, 
 transport. 
 
 ^yaj 
 
 i^^ .^Hwan, Return. 
 
 }[ra[ -XieTi, Connect, together, 
 
 4JC|J J liiigr, Meet, welcome.
 
 198 
 
 i-^t ^Ch*ieti, Remove. 
 
 >*>^ Suvg, To give a present, escort 
 7^ away. 
 
 ig Tun', Escape. 
 \j^ T'ue, Retire. 
 
 ANALYTICAL RF.ADKR. 
 
 j^\y .U, Leap over, surpass. 
 
 -tim Hiun\ Yielding, modest. 
 ^^^ 'Ch% End, finish. 
 ^f Chi\ Footstep. 
 ^{\ Hiun\ Vivid, energetic. 
 j T/T 'S/i', Passing, vanishing, 
 j j^^ CM*, Suddenly. 
 3 XM -J"iau, Distant, remote. 
 1^ Ti\ Transmit, distant. 
 
 -|2^ ji^m. Elect, choose. 
 
 ^Tf*' F(x', Meet, welcome, invite. 
 
 -»;^ ^Hwang, Leisure, vacant. 
 ^r^^ r, Pleasure, escape. 
 
 .^u, Roam, saunter. 
 
 -^^^ Sue, In the rear, far back, 
 as a suite of rooms. 
 
 ^etig. Meet. 
 -^^ ^Pien, Side, border. 
 
 163. ^ 
 
 .t=» 
 
 fart r, City, district. 
 
 
 -tfUy JI'"^'no> Village, neighbor- 
 71-1^ hood, the country. 
 
 i \ ^Pang, Nation, state. 
 ,7'u, Capital city. 
 ^ /Jhiau, Suburban fields. 
 Ch'io\ Reject, forsooth. 
 ^ j\W, "na, That, how, where ? 
 
 Pj J ^Iliiln, Name of a place, Zioo. 
 
 -5l*K '<'^'^'^' O^li^l^e, perverse, cor- 
 ^ -* rupt. 
 
 jSrj^ P^/, Class, sort, bureau, board, 
 fl|-* volume. 
 
 -Lin, Neighbor. 
 
 164. "g 
 
 /, Heal. 
 
 iS 'Sing, Awake. 
 
 .(Jh'eu, Reciprocate, friendly 
 intercourse. 
 
 *^^ Hin\ Fault, defect, quarrel. 
 
 Kiau\ Leaven, yeast. 
 M|;J P'ei\ Unite, fit together. 
 "^ 'Niang, Ferment. 
 ^Han, Intoxicate. 
 ^Soan, Sour. 
 
 165. 
 
 
 I 
 
 >S/i*, Loose, release, expound, 
 Buddhist.
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 199 
 
 166. 
 
 -JLi, Neighborhood, Chinese 
 mile, 18971 Eog. ft. iu 
 geography, 1460^ ft., ^\j^ 
 of a deg. 
 
 ^Ye, Pasture, wilderness. 
 
 Chung', -fli'img, Heavj', dou- 
 ble, again. 
 
 J^. -Jjiang, liang\ Measure, capa- 
 S. city. 
 
 167. ^ 
 
 ^^ fihin, Gold, metal. 
 ^^^ Si\ Tin, bestow. 
 
 Lu\ Record, inscribe. 
 5^h? .^Yin, Silver. 
 ^|n| -^T'ung, Copper, brass. 
 ^^ 'T'ie, Iron. 
 
 5fflL ^'^^^^'y Mirror. 
 
 ^ Chien\ Inspect, oversee. 
 
 Wn^ Chu\ Cast, found. 
 
 ^^g -Ch'ien, Cash, money. 
 
 ^J ,Ting, Nail. 
 
 ^^ iFeng, Point, edge. 
 
 Ts'o\ Mistake, scattered. 
 
 Tso\ Jtsau, Bore, chisel. 
 
 Cho\ Bracelet. 
 
 ATPt 
 
 Us Jfi^ya•J^; Ring. 
 
 3^m ^^^^'^'^^' Grildiug, brocade. 
 ^^E ^Siang, Border, inlaid. 
 ^Bg fihung^ Bell, clock, 
 jiu, Furnace. 
 
 A jingling sound. 
 
 ^ yCh'iangA 
 
 ^^ -JLing, A small bell. 
 
 M^Chung, To love, a measure, 
 goblet. 
 A/^ fihiiln, Equal, just, vener- 
 ^^>rj able, a weight of 30 catties. 
 
 168. 
 
 ^ Chang, JJh'ang, Long, elder, 
 superior. 
 
 Pl^ 
 
 |3lEt 
 
 g^j P'i', Open. 
 
 ^ Chien\ In, between. 
 
 169. P5 
 
 jil/eTi, Gate, door. 
 
 
 -ff'^ct'i, Open. 
 ;^ P'i*, Shut. 
 Shan, Dart. 
 ^'oS Wide. 
 
 Yue\ Look over, pass over. 
 Ko\ Gallery. 
 
 
 3a
 
 200 
 
 ANALYTICAL RKADKR. 
 
 njjl -J] ten, Vacant, idle. 
 
 170. ^ 
 
 |^5C G1uang\ .Jiiangy C/orae down, 
 I T^ send down, degrade, surren- 
 der. 
 
 |>^ 'Fm, Hide, conceal. 
 
 -fih'en. Display, arrange, or- 
 der of battle. 
 
 Hien\ Fall into, entrap. 
 
 ^ ^^Sue, Follow, at option. 
 
 jji jO, Cringe, flatter, lean on, 
 "' ' partial" diminutive, a prefix 
 
 to names. 
 p^^Yin, The dark, or female 
 principle. 
 .Cku, Exclude, besides ; in 
 >J> arithmetic, division. 
 
 172. ^ 
 
 'Ya, Refined, literary. 
 £ .Nan, Hard, difficult. 
 Jji, Leave. 
 
 -iSwe, Though. 
 
 h Tsa\ (c) .pm^ Mixed, promis- 
 £ cuous. 
 
 y^^ ^Shwang, Double, a pair. 
 /Hlffi .Ti'^U', Carve, adorn, tattoo. 
 ^ffi ^Chi, Chicken. 
 
 ChHo\ 'ch'iau. Sparrow, bird. 
 
 yYung, Harmony. 
 
 -?7, Corner. 
 ^ Chi\ Limit, border, junction. 
 BH 'Tsu, Obstacle, hinder. 
 1^ Lu\ Dry land, by land. 
 B-gj Hi\ A quarrel, cranny. 
 Uht .Fang, Guard against. 
 JW Yuen\ Court, hall, office. 
 B^'i^2^(^),A, Append. 
 "% *Hien, Steep, perilous. 
 
 173. 
 
 ^^ JLing, Spirit, intelligent, ef- 
 ^1^ fectual. 
 
 'j^ 'if, Rain. 
 
 ^^^ .Yiin, Clouds. 
 
 V^ Ch\ Climb, promotion, 
 Hie?i\ Limit. 
 
 y=^ Chen\ Quake, convulse. 
 
 ^^ ^Hiue, Snow, 
 
 ^g, Lii\ Dew, 
 
 ^& Jiii, Need, must. 
 
 ^Sr -Linq, Scattering, remnant. 
 
 Ji|=* Sian, A halo, fleecy clouds, 
 ^^ heaven. 
 
 p'^ jITia, Glow of sunset. 
 ^p ji\7, Rainbow.
 
 ^g .Lue, Thunder. 
 
 ^B» ^ShwaJig, Frost. 
 ^§ -YiV?, Excessive rains. 
 ^§^ jT7"7z^, Sharp thunder. 
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 201 
 
 ^a" Tien\ Lightning. 
 
 174. -^ 
 
 "tcl y^^^^^^^ff' Green. 
 ^^ Ch'mg\ Still, silent. 
 •^§^ ^8keng, Fault, crime. 
 
 175. ^ 
 
 3.P ji^g, Not, is not, wrong. 
 y^t -Mi) Profuse, not, without. 
 
 176. ^ 
 
 ifrl il/i'e^z', Face. 
 
 177. 
 
 Ko^, Leather, change, dismiss. 
 §1 Chu\ Judge, condemn. 
 ig yCliiang, Bridle. 
 
 178. ^ 
 
 h|^ } 'iiw', Guard, conceal. 
 
 180. ^ 
 
 ^^ , Yin, Voice, sound. 
 
 Hiang, Echo. 
 
 ■rtg Fun', Rhyme. 
 
 ^7/ -^S/^v.«<, Name of an air and 
 Ppl instrument. 
 
 181. W 
 
 ^Ilien, Reveal, display. 
 
 ^P Ze*, Class, species. 
 
 J'^^^i^ Bow the head, instant- 
 ly, at once. 
 
 J|^ Yuen\ Willing, desirous. 
 M3 Kti\ Look, regard. 
 
 *ro n Za?', Depend on. 
 
 Ill^ Shun\ Obey, yield, unimped- 
 
 ;I|M ed. 
 
 "TP^ t/'^ Beforehand, prepare. 
 ^|g /Sz^n^f*, Praise. 
 
 XH ,//u, Must. 
 7V1 ' 
 
 '^M >^*^' Distribute. 
 
 .^Teu, Head. 
 
 ^■g 'i>/??^, Neck. Yin-li7ig, Stretch 
 |J^ the neck. 
 
 ' Imp, Bear on the head, su- 
 perlative. 
 
 -iliaw. Large face. 
 
 ,J3a?2, Bald ; with the preced- 
 ^ ing, stupid. 
 
 ^P'o, Somewhat, rather, very.
 
 
 ANALYTICAL llEADRR. 
 
 ffH « '^''> TliGDic, subject. 
 
 fih'iiig, 100 mow, au instant. 
 
 -/^*iV^, Incessant, urgent. 
 gp Ftv/,*, Color, countenance. 
 
 ; Wan, Stupid, perverse. 
 
 182. 
 
 M 
 
 M 
 
 ,F(C;?^^, Wind, custom, influ- 
 ence. 
 
 184. ^ 
 
 ^ 5/i', Eat, food. 
 B^r ^-^^''^' Loaf, cake. 
 ^^ ^ } aw^, Nourish. 
 'Tm, Drink. 
 j^ -jj. Overplus. 
 'Btg ,C/<2, Hunger, dearth. 
 ^IJL ,CA^', Hunger. 
 
 'B|f| iSA', Ornament. 
 
 ,^^ .^Jau, Geuerous in fare, in 
 PtQ treatment, forgive. 
 
 ^Yung, Breakfast. 
 
 'A* 
 
 ^Sun, Supper. 
 'f Q 'Pa^^, Full fed, satisfied. 
 U\ Sated, filled. 
 ''Choan, Meats, dressed food. 
 
 /5 
 
 Wm '''^^"' ^'•^"'^^' Jainties. 
 
 ^ 
 
 t« 
 
 'AV-, Pastry, bait, allurement. 
 Faii\ Boiled rice. 
 
 185. 1^ 
 
 1^ *S/ieu, Head, chief, beginning 
 
 186. ^ 
 
 /^^ ^Hiang, Incense. 
 
 ^^ iSing, Fragrance. 
 
 ^♦*3 
 
 187. 
 
 i^^ 'i¥a. Horse, 
 ffi^ .JAI, An ass. 
 
 jwIm )^'''^'''^' Drive, expel. 
 J^ ,Hai, Fright. 
 
 ^^^Chiaii, Pride. 
 
 >K ^'"^'' I^eside. 
 
 m%* ^^''^^•> Test, bear a test. 
 
 >gg C7t/a', Equipage, the Empe- 
 ror, thou. 
 
 filling, Take fright. 
 
 ^^: 
 
 *T1 
 
 »W 
 
 "^ jC/i'e, Ride, rider. 
 
 Ev -To, Camel. 
 
 B^g C/^t-^^', Sudden, gallop. 
 
 firfj '^/^, Sail. 
 
 m 
 
 Chi\ A fine horse.
 
 VOCABULARY. 
 
 5 Teng, Monut up, run swiftly. 
 
 Jlwa, An elegant horse. 
 Knj -Lin, A bay or sorrel. 
 |ffi1H iCh%, Run, gallop. 
 
 203 
 
 ^m.( 
 
 
 Gh'eng, Run swiftly. 
 
 188. # 
 
 ^T'i, Body, substance, mem- 
 
 ISk bers, sympathy. 
 
 *S* ^Ku (c) -Jiu, Bone. 
 
 189. 
 
 |B| ,ZaM, High. 
 
 190. 
 
 ^ Fa\ Hair. 
 
 5^^ -THau, Loose ringlets, young, 
 -^f^ youthful. 
 
 il/aM^, Long locks. 
 
 191. n 
 
 T(2M*, Contend. 
 
 nung\ A confused noise. 
 
 192. 
 
 U\ Fragrant, pent, vexed. 
 
 193. ^ 
 
 '3^£. 
 
 m 
 
 194. ^ 
 
 ^Kwei, Ghost, devil. 
 .3Io, Devil, temptation. 
 3^tW -Jlwun, Soul. 
 
 195. J^, 
 
 ^ -U, Fish. 
 
 ^^& *i/?^, Stupid, name of a kiiig- 
 13 dom. 
 
 fflHE ^Sien, Fresh, rare. 
 ra^ -Lm, Scales, fish. 
 
 "fflS ^Ktv'en, Leviathan. 
 
 ^ - J.?^, A monster said to sus- 
 tain the earth. 
 
 Ct Chinq, Whale. 
 
 ^ t/S Buy, sell. 
 
 ^th >^^^9> Bright, blend, harmo- 
 nize. 
 
 m ,AVo', Alligator. 
 
 196. % 
 
 ^t .Niau, Bird. 
 'pjs ETc', («?) -Jio, Dove, pigeon. 
 P^ -J^ing, Cry, sound. 
 
 jMl Feng', Phoenix. 
 ^^^ -JLoan, Bird of paradise. 
 Mb fib', j/'fM^, Stork, crane. 
 YIr ^Himg, Wild goose. 
 
 pM ^''^'^^'' ^^agpie, daw, jay. 
 
 197. ^ , 
 
 ^,Few, Salt.
 
 204 
 
 ANALYTICAL READER. 
 
 198. 
 
 fA\ Beantifnl, splendid. 
 
 ^^ Jyin, Ki-l'm, an iinimal which 
 appears at the birth of a 
 sage. 
 \lm, A deer with a busliy 
 tail, a fly brush. 
 
 Ts'ii, Coarse. |J|, !f|^. 
 
 199. ^ 
 
 ^^ Mo\ mai\ Wheat. 
 
 200. 
 
 !|j)C -<^^^«. Hemp. 
 
 tfci? .^J/(7, ^ma, Minute, delicate, 
 };Sf\ interrogative. 
 
 -**1 
 
 -«± 
 
 201. ^ 
 
 ■"j|§' -Jhvang, Yellow. 
 
 203. M 
 
 Mo\ Silent. 
 
 ,^R JTo', ./(i(?, Black. 
 
 ^^ ''Tang, Clan, company. 
 
 ^S Tae', Dark green. 
 
 205. 
 
 Min\ Strive, urge, a frog. 
 
 Ill 
 
 ^dr^ PzV;', (r) ,;??>, A turtle sup- 
 MtL posed to hear with its eyes. 
 
 Yuen, Tortoise. 
 »» J 
 
 ' .T'o, A large iguana. 
 
 206. jfrf 
 
 ■rlH '^'^^^' -^ censer. 
 
 207. 
 
 'ivX Drum, excite. 
 
 210. 
 
 ^^5^ -(Oh'i, Evenly, united, name 
 J=\ of a state. 
 
 *^ f)hai, Studio, penance. 
 
 211. 
 
 ■j^J ^Ck\ Upper front teeth. 
 
 jfe^ -Jjing, Front teeth, sign of 
 R"P age. 
 
 212. II 
 
 Bg. --Z^i^wgr, Dragon. 
 
 213. 
 
 ^ J^wei, Tortoise. 
 
 214. *« 
 
 ^H Y<3S Supplicate. 
 
 • m •m » 

 
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