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Assistant Master at Winchester College, and late Fellouf of St. John^s College, Cambridge, Eibmgtong: 3Lonti0n ©xforti, anb CTambrftge. EXERCISES IN LATIN PROSE COMPOSITION. BY THE SAME AUTHOR. Crown Svo. ^s. 6d. AN ELEMENTARY LATIN GRAMMAR. Croivn Svo, ^s. KEY to EXERCISES on the ELEMENTARY Principles of Latin Prose Composition. May be had by Tutors only, on direct application to the Publishers, Crown Svo. 2s, 6d. THE RUDIMENTS of ENGLISH GRAMMAR and Composition. RIVINGTONS 3L0ntiott, ©xfflttf, anil Camfirftige. [3-285] EXERCISES ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF LATIN PROSE COMPOSITION EXAMINATION PAPERS ON THE ELEMENTARY FACTS OF LATIN ACCIDENCE AND SYNTAX J. HAMBLIN SMITH, M.A. OF GONVILLE AND CAIUS COLLEGE, AND LATE LECTURER IN CLASSICS AT ST. PETER'S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE RIVINGTONS WATERLOO PLACE, LONDON ©xforti antr ffiambritJge MDCCGLXXVIII 73 <^ ; 2_ ^O-NIVERSITY • A^aW PREFACE. My chief object in writing this Book has been to construct a graduated series of English sentences capable of being turned into rhythmical Latin Prose. Harmony in the arrangement of words in a sentence, is a mark of good Latin writing of no less value than purity of language, correctness of construction, or elegance of phrase. The Exercises have been arranged so as to suit the order of the sections in my Latin Grammar, and the Latin equivalents for the words in each Exercise will generally be found in the Vocabularies given in the Grammar. Still, as I have given a complete English- Latin Vocabulary at the end of this book, it may be used with any elementary treatise on Latin Grammar. The student should always have at hand a Latin- English Dictionary, that he may examine the various meanings of the words to which his attention is directed in the headings of the Exercises. Thus he will be led to observe that such words as res, ago, duco, have many PREFACE. English equivalents, and to mark the difference of mean- ing in cognate words, as animus and anima, and in synonyms, as peto, quaero, rogo, and the like. The Examination Papers have been constructed in imitation of the form in which similar questions are pro- posed in the Previous Examination at Cambridge. The concluding part of each of these Papers contains references to common differences of idiom in English and Latin. I have only to add that I shall be grateful to any teacher who will give this little book a trial, and who will inform me of any errors, whether in the plan or in the performance of the work, that he may detect. J. HAMBLIN SMITH. 42 Trumpington Street, Cambridge, March 1878. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Exercise I. — Inflexions of Verbs, „ II. — Subject and Verb, ,, III. — Accusative Case, . ,, IV. — Dative Case, ,, V. — Genitive Case, Examination Paper A, on § 1-35, Exercise VI.— Ablative and Vocative Cases, ,, VII. — Prepositions and Locative Case, ,, VIII. — Adjectives with Stems in A and 0, „ IX-X. — I-Nouns, etc., ,, XI. — Recapitulatory, Examination Paper B, on § 1-59, Exercise XII-XIII. — Consonant Nouns, Examination Paper C, on § 1-66, Exercise XIV. — Nouns with ^and E Stems, „ XV-X VI.— Perfect Tenses, „ XVII. — Adverbs and Adverbials, ,, XVIII. — Attributive Expressions, Examination Paper D, on Part I., Exercise XIX. — Verbal Nouns, TABLE OF CONTENTS. Exercise XX. — Gerundive, . . . ,, XXI. — Participles, Imperative, etc.. Examination Paper £, on Fart I., Exercise XXII.— Recapitulatory, „ XXIII-XXV.— Conjunctions, . „ XXVI-XXIX.— Pronouns, „ XXX. — Final Conjunctions, Examination Paper F, on § 1-116, Exercise XXXI. — Recapitulatory, ,, XXXII. — Direct and Indirect Questions, „ XXXIII-XXXIV.— Comparison of Adjectives, XXXV.— Numerals, „ XXXVI.— Space and Time, . Examination Paper 6, on § 1-125, Exercise XXXVII. — Adverbial Expressions of Time, ,, XXXVIII. — Temporal Conjunctions, XXXIX.— Price and Value, „ XL. — The Ronian Calendar, Examination Paper H, on Parts I. ^d IL, Exercise XLI. — Recapitulatory, „ XLII-XLIII. — Sum and its Conipounds, Examination Paper I, on § 1-151, Exercise XLIV. — Passive Verbs, „ XLV. — Deponent Verbs, „ XL VI. — Fero and its Compounds, etc.. TABLE OF CONTENTS, Exercise XLVIL— ^^ and its Compounds, ,, XLVIII. — Impersonal Verbs, Examination Paper J, oh § 1-184, Exercise XLIX. — Recapitulatory, ,, L. — Verbs of First ConjugMion ,, LI. — Verbs of Second Conjugation, Examination Paper IC, on § 1-184, Exercise LII-LVI.— Verbs of Thirci Conjugation, ,, LVII. — Verbs of Fourth Conjugation, Examination Paper L, on Parts I. to IV., Exercise LVIII.— Recapitulatory, LIX. — Accusative and Infinitive, . LX. — Cases with Adjectives, LXI. — Cases with Verbs, . LXII. — Genitive with Verbs, LXIII.— Dative with Verbs, Examination Paper M, on Parts I. to IV. , Exercise LXIV. — Ablative with Verbs, „ LX v.— Ablative Absolute, . ,, LXVI. — Partitive Genitive, . Examination Paper N, on Parts I. to IV., Exercise LXVII. — Recapitulatory, „ LXVIII-LXXIII.— Prepositions, Examination Paper 0, on Parts I. to IV., Exercises LXXIV-LXXVII. — Prepositions continued. TABLE OF CONTENTS, PAGE Examination Paper P, on Parts I. to IV., . . 89 Exercise LXX VII I.— Recapitulatory, ... 90 „ LXXIX.— Final Conjunctions, ... 91 „ LXXX. — Consecutive Conjunctions, . . 93 ,, LXXXI. — Causal Conjunctions, ... 94 Examination Paper Q, on Parts I. to IV., . . 96 Exercise LXXXII.— Temporal Conjunctions, . . 97 „ LXXXIII.— Concessive and Comparative Conjunctions, 99 ,, LXXXIV. — Conditional Conjunctions, . . 100 Examination Paper R, on Parts I. to IV., . . 10 1 Exercises LXXXV-LXXXVIII.— The Relative, . . 102 Examination Paper S, on Parts I. to V., . . 109 Exercise LXXXIX.— Compound Pronouns, . . .110 ,, XC. — Correlation of Clauses, . . . 112 Examination Paper T, on Parts I. to VI., . . 113 Exercise XCI.— Recapitulatory, , . . .114 „ XCII-XCIII.— Oblique Narration, . . • "5 „ XCIV. — Disjunctive Questions, . . .120 ,, XCV. — General Exercises, . , . ,121 VOCABULARY, 149 EXERCISES IN LATIN PROSE COMPOSITION. PART ]^ EXERCISE I. ON THE INFLEXIONS OF VERBS. Explained in the G 'i-aminar, § 15 to 22. 1. I was falling. 11. We are preparing. 2. We shall sing. 12. He was ploughing. 3. Thou art sleeping. 13. She will rise. 4. He will come. 14. Learn. 5. Ye will see. 15. They were standing. 6. I shall remain. 16. He will teach. 7. Wait. 17. They will remain. 8. We laugh. 18. We were sleeping. 9. We shall stand. 19. Write. 10. She was singing. 20. They are coming. EXERCISE II. SUBJECT AND VERB. § 15 to 32. 1. The boys will sing. 11. The boys are writing. 2. The boar was sleeping. 12. The constellation is rising. 3. The poplar is green. 1 3. The master was standing. 4. The eagle was flying. 14. The poet was writing. 5. The guests were sitting. 15. The roses will fall. 6. The trumpets are sounding. 16. The slave was waiting. 7. The leaves were falling. 17. The door was open. 8. The girl will laugh. 18. The handmaids will hear. 9. The envoys will come. 19. The drops were falling. 10. The winds were rising. 20. The guests will remain. t vesper ; ineo, adeo, obeo, subeo ; vitium, culpa ; atqiie. 1. The envoy came back from Delphi to Home. 2. Cleomenes was unwilling to return to Sparta. 3. Pompeius has gone back to the sea. 4. I cannot pass this over in silence {adj.). 5. Our men did not hesitate to cross the river. 6. I will not allow you to depart. 7. I will go into the country, and there I will remain (use atque). 8. Towards evening Caesar ordered the gates to be closed and the troops to leave the town. 9. The Cauls are beginning to form plans for a war secretly. 10. The ships are gone out of sight. 11. I will return to the place which I left {illuc wide). 12. He was unwilling to run the risk. LA TIN EXER CISES. 5 1 13. He passed away without a pang. 14. Sulpicius died on his embassy. 15. We must all die (use gerundive of obeo), 16. I am undone by my own fault (mtium), 17. Scipio and Afranius have perished miserably. 18. I am reconciled to Caesar. 19. I intend to go home to-morrow. 20. I shall have to pay the same penalty (use subeo). EXERCISE XLVIIL trmPERSONAL VERBS. § 181 to 183. Look out tribunus ; laboro ; voluntas ; plebs ; res publica, civitas. 1. I am sorry for you, my father. 2. Lead me where you will. 3. It was thought that Sulpicius would be a candidate for the tribuneship of the commons. 4. The country has an immense interest in this matter. 5. There is not a pin to choose between you and Catiline. 6. There is an enormous difference between the two things (Lat.y this and that). 7. You ought to have paid the money. 8. You ought not to have entered the Capitol. 9. It is said that Pompeius is extremely ill. 10. You have done your duty ; it is now incumbent on me to do mine. 11. It is reported to me that your runaway slave is at Var- dacum. 12. All men have an interest in being honest. 13. I am sorry for the woman. 14. It is of great importance to me that we should be together. 15. Were you not ashamed to act in that way 1 16. My advice should have prevailed. 52 LATIN EXERCISES. 17. I shall never regret my intention : I do regret my advice. 18. It was clearly to the advantage of the country that Vitellius should be defeated. 19. This ought to have been done long ago. 20. You ought to have Upheld the authority of the senate. EXAMINATION PAPER J. On § 1-184. 1. Write the Subjunctive tenses in full of partior, utor, and patior. 2. Explain the uses of the Gerunds and the Gerundive. 3. What are the Perfects of gradior, morior, metior, ordior, nanciscor % 4. What are the Past Perfects of fallo^ sto, lego, mitto, relinquo, vivo, vinco % 5. Mention some Deponent Verbs that take an ablative of the object. 6. Decline in the Singular deus, nullus, vis, impar, iubar, pes, pedes, eques, poples. 7. Give the Gender and Ablative Plural of specus, lis, peristroma, genu, arcus, culter, imber, lacus. 8. Compare felix, maturus, recte, antiquus, senex. 9. Eender in Latin the following phrases and sentences : — English. Latin. (i) judge for yourself. use your judgment. (2) to be starved to death. to be killed by hunger. (3) to improve a victory. to use a victory. (4) to reap the fruits of a victory. to enjoy a victory. (5) of humble parentage. bom in an obscure station. (6) of an equestrian family. (7) to suffer loss. to make loss. (%) do as you please. you, as it seems good, (9) you were afraid I should not do use desum. my duty. (10) he set out from Rome. projiciscor. (11) they are talking to themselves. three words. ( 1 2) I wish you were in-good-health. three words. CTNIVERSITT LA TIN EXERCISES, S^^c^TiT^RHl^ - ^ Y OF THK English. Latin. (13) I am on most intimate terms three words. with Caesar. ( 14) for many years I have been very vaMe familiariter. intimate with Trebonius. (15) all on a sudden. suddenly. (16) with your permission. use pace. (17) of my own free will. (18) all of you. (19) two hundred of us. (20) the men in the boats. EXERCISE XLIX.— Recapitulatory. Look out f ortuna, sors ; gaza ; versor ; patior, sino ; avunculus, patruus. 1. I have no doubt about his having a bitter hatred of me. 2. You were not sorry for your fortune, were you ? 3. Marcus Marcellus, who had been consul three times, was drowned at sea. 4. Catiline could endure cold, thirst, and hunger. 5. Decius devoted himself to death of his own free will. 6. Lentulus the consul takes part with Caesar. 7. I fear the enemy will take the city. 8. Why do you stone me 1 9. We have the best authorities on our side. 10. You act against your professions and promises [contra qmm). 11. That which we promise for (de) Cn. Pompey, he will carry out most honourably. 12. The remembrance and the fame of your kindnesses to us will never pass away (Lat., die). 13. Paulus got possession of all the treasure of the Mace- donians. 14. Leisure gives me an opportunity of learning, and you an opportunity of teaching. 15. A cloud was rising out of Vesuvius. 16. You ask me to send you an account of the end of my uncle, in order that you may transmit a more correct account of it to posterity. I thank you. 54 LA TIN EXERCISES. 17. I intend to set out for Eome to-day. 18. He began to form schemes for setting the country free. 19. I agree with you on the subject of preserving freedom, than which nothing is more charming. 20. You cannot now any longer have intercourse with us : I will not bear it, I will not endure it, I will not per- mit it. EXERCISE L. ON THE TABLE OF VERBS. § 185— First Conjugation. Look out mico ; Falernus ; custodia ; petitio ; comitium, comitia. 1. Labienus gave the signal for battle. 2. The Gauls gave hostages to Caesar. 3. Forgive me. 4. You can help us much with Plancus. 5. Hand washes hand. 6. Swords were flashing. 7. The door rattled {pi). 8. Be off to bed, 9. The veins and arteries do not cease to throb. 10. They have neither the power nor the will to help us. 11. The line of battle resounded with the songs [sing.) of the men. 12. We will drink Falernian wine. 1 3. The fidelity of our allies had remained unshaken to that day (Lat, stood firm). 1 4. You will suffer for your recklessness. 15. You have put yourself in prison. 16. Fortune has given you an end of your toils on this spot {Lat, here). 17. We are taught by the influence of the laws to keep our passions under control. 18. I will help you in your canvass with all my influence. LA TIN EXERCISES. 55 19. Pompeius had given orders that the camp should not be protected by a rampart (use veto). 20. The statue of Horatius stood in the Comitium quite within {ad) our memory. EXERCISE LI. TABLE OF VERBS— Second Conjugation. Look Old iniuria ; ardeo ; caveo ; cunetus ; dolor ; maneo ; valoo ; Buadeo, persuadeo ; ulterior ; potio. 1. I will protect you from injustice. 2. I am ail enthusiast in the study of history. 3. By exercising caution in all matters you will be safe (four words). 4. Forty-four minae are due to me. 5. Caius Marius on his return almost destroyed the whole of the senate (use cimckis), 6. Most of the young men favoured the designs of Catiline. 7. The father was bewailing the death of his son, the son the death of his father. 8. Your friends are afflicted by your trouble. 9. There is nothing that remains constantly unchanged (Lat,, in its own position). 10. Piso did not swerve from his fidelity (use maneo). 11. My ears have always been open to the precepts and warnings of all men. 12. What good man does not lament the death of Tre- bonius ] 13. I promise you this, my dear Cicero. 14. The Gauls were occupying the further bank with an armed force {Lat.^ with arms). 15. Your authority has very great influence with me. 16. The Decii devoted themselves for the preservation of the country. 56 LA TIM EXERCISES. 1 7. Mind you are not caught ; take heed you are not deceived. 18. Old age has increased my longing for conversation ; it has taken away my appetite for food and drink. 19. I was the jfirst to advise peace. 20. Ye made no promise to the enemy. EXAMINATION PAPER K. On § 1-184. 1. Write the Subjunctive tenses of moneo, cupio, audio. 2. Write the Future tenses, Active and Passive, of rego and audio. 3. Decline grex, os, amans, totus, anceps, asper, caro, sal, sol. 4. Decline iste, duo, centeni, quis (indefinite), alius, alter. 5. Compare acer, vetus, diu, malus, iuvenis. 6. What are the Future Perfect tenses of vinco, facio, scribo, venio, rideo, capio, do % 7. What Cases follow the Prepositions pro, praeter, ob, super, apud % 8. Render in Latin the following phrases and sentences : — English. Latin. (i) as I am writing. as I was writing. (2) when I had written thus far. when I had reached this place. (3) with or without thee. (4) to bring to trial. to call to law. (5) such is the case. the matter has itself so. (6) of his own free will. look out sponte. (7) to lose a battle. to be conquered in a battle. (8) a few days before. ablative. (9) many days after. ablative. (10) about the same time. per. (11) I will not disappoint your opinio. expectations. (12) he will come before he is ex- quick er than expectation. pected. (13) every one will despise you. (14) self-love is natural to all men. love themselves. LATIN EXERCISES. 57 English. Latin. (15) he is just what he always was. idem qui. (16) I will ask Caesar to send you a copy of the letter. (17) I would rather be at Athens than at Rome. (18) do you not pity me ? (19) I will take Oato as an author- . ity. utor. (20) I have for a long time desired. long ago I desire. EXERCISE LII. TABLE OF VERBS-^Third Conjugation, B, C, D Stems. LooJc out labor ; humanitas, comitas ; abdo ; maritimus ; sido ; ingenium. 1. The she-wolf was licking the boys with her tongue. 2. A state waxes great by industry (labor) and justice. 3. Valeria is going to be married to Decimus Brutus. 4. Crassus learnt all that could be learnt about law. 5. Know thyself. 6. I know your courtesy (p&rfed). 7. You have given me fresh spirit by commending my books (Lat., added spirits to me). 8. Clodius hid himself in the inner part of the house (ace). 9. Servilius Ahala slew Spurius Maelius with his own hand. 10. It appears to me that Caesar is closing the outlets by sea (adj.). 11. The province must be protected from the fear of dis- aster. 12. He fell from (e^^ £ OF TfrK '. I TT'MTTT'Tr'-ooT'-p-Tr \ 68 LA TIN EXEMcfSES. 8. He gives to the city the name of Lavinium. 9. The city received the name of Lavinium. 10. Hannibal demanded of the magistrates the keys of the gates. 11. Eacilius asked me first /or my opinion; 12. We ask advice from you. 13. I wish to ask you one question-. 14. He conceals nothing from us. 15. Panaetius calls Plato the Homer of philosophers. 16. You have been a bond-slave from childhood. 17. Here we shall live a life of security {tutus), 18. Murena was first asked to give his Opinion. 19. Q. Servilius Ahala was made dictator: he named T.' Quintius master of the knights. 20. Fortune instructs the vanquished too in the science of war. EXERCISE LXII. GENITIVE WITH VERBS. § 198 to 201. Look out ambitus ; reus ; maiestas ; peculatus ; pecuniae repetundae ; nequitia ; caput. 1. P. Cornelius Sulla was condemned for bribery. 2. Cicero defended C. Sextus Eoscius when on his trial for parricide. 3. He was condemned on-a-charge-of {de) high treason. 4. P. Sulla put Gabinius on his trial for bribery. 5. Both of them were convicted of embezzlement. 6. Cicero spoke twice in defence of C. Cornelius when he was accused of treason {Lat., defended in two speeches). 7. A short time after this, Catiline, being accused of ex- tortion, had been prevented from being a candidate for (simple infinitive) the consulship. 8. Memmius has prosecuted many persons for capital- offences {cajpitis), hit \iQ has not often spoken in de- fence of the accused. LATII^ EXERCISES. 69 9. L. Opimius was accused of high treason by Q. Decius, tribune of the plebs, on account] of the death of C. Gracchus. 10. L. Manliu^ Torqu^tus pleaded in behalf of {LaL, was advocate for) Catiline when he was accused of ex- tortion. 11. It is a great work, and one that needs no little practice. 12. Often di4 your ancestors have compassion on the com- mons of Eome. 13. Good citjzens remember the hQUQ^ii^ received from their country, 14. Curio all on a sudden forgot the whole case. 15. I cannot forget your dignity. 16. I convict myself of ^loth and carelessness. 17. You put me on my trial for the fault of another. 18. I want a-dvice : you will do what may seem best to be done. 19. Catiline reminded one of his poverty, another of his lust. 20. Would that I had been informed of your design ! EXERCISE LXIII. DATIVE WITH VERBS. § 202, Looh otU infans ; pagina ; indulgeo ; persuadeo ; prorsus ; tueor. 1. Answerest thou me nothing 1 2. Is any one angry with little-children ^ 3. Pythagoras assigns great authority to divination. 4. I will reply first to the last page of your letter {Lat., your last page). 5. My enemies have been envious of my position (honos), 6. I beg you to pardon me in this matter {ace). 7. I admit that I regarded you with favour. 8. Let us keep a command over the passions, to which the rest of mankind are slaves. 70 LATIN EXERCISES. 9. Take care of your health. 10. Sometimes I feel a little envious of you, Crassus, in this matter. 11. No injury can now be inflicted on me by those fellows. 12. I entreat you not to spare expense in any particular. 13. I fear he may give way to indignation and wrath. 14. I am satisfied of your good faith. 15.1 never could be induced to believe that om souls perish at the same time as our bodies. 16. In the first page of my letter I reply to your last page. 17. First then I will reply to Postumus. 18. I satisfy myself that matters are precisely as you describe them. 19. In maintaining our friendship I do not favour you more than myself. 20. When Marcellus had captured the city of Syracuse, he spared all the public and private buildings. EXAMINATION PAPER M. (9;^ Parts II /^ IV. 1. Decline in the Plural sus, mare, sal, locus, castra. 2. Write the Imperative Mood of partior, capio, duco, utor, eo, fero. 3. Write out in full :— The Perfect tenses Indicative of debeo. The First Person Singular of each tense in the Indi- cative of vivo. The Future Imperfect of nolo. 4. Give the Comparative of senex, frugi, felix, and the Superlative of pulcher, vetus, potius. 5. What are the principal parts of fodio, tango, cado, rideo, ardeo, audeo, domo ? 6. What are the Datives Singular of caro, domus, dos, palus, cinis, pulvis, iter, anas, puis ] LATIN EXERCISES. 71 7. Write down some Unipersonal Verbs with the con- struction they take. 8. What Cases do the following Verbs take : — memini, egeo, noceo, libero, impero, impleo 1 9. Render in Latin the following phrases and sentences : — English. (i) to adopt a sound poHcy. (2) the sense of sight. (3) the sense of hearing. (4) a religious obligation. (5) to form a right judgment. (6) profligate behaviour. (7) without any public authority. (8) in order to keep up one's position. (9) this is what I want to know. (10) I agree with you. (11) you bound the Roman peo- ple by a religious obliga- tion. (12) I am ashamed of your pro- fligate conduct, though you are not ashamed of it yourself. (13) yoi^ do not form, in my opinion, a right judgment. (14) to all appearance we are adopting a sound policy. (15) of all the senses that of sight is the keenest. (16) he does all this to keep up his position. (17) mental excitement. (18) bodily pain. (19) to run a risk. (20) nothing worth mentioning. Latin. to use good counsels. use the gerund. use one word only. one word. to judge rightly. profligacy. with no public counseL for the sake of dignity. two words. of which you. as you seem to me. as we seem. repeat sensiia twice. excitement of mind. pain of body. to approach danger. admodum. EXERCISE LXIV. ABLATIVE WITH VERBS. § 203 to 206. Look out careo, egeo ; separo ; irruo. 1. Dead men are without feeling and life. 2. A wise man is free from wrathfulness. 3. I lament that the Eoman people has been so long deprived of his counsel and of your voice. 72 LA TIN EXERCISES, 4. Twice did C. Marius relieve Italy from a siege and from the dread of slavery. 5. The wall was stripped of Us defenders. 6. A wise man is always free from every mental excite- ment. 7. Therefore you freed the city from danger and the state from alarm. 8. The woman has abundance of impudence. 9. Clodius is not free from suspicion in this affair. 10. The plains are filled with a confused-heap (strages) of men and splendid armour. 11. Not philosophers only, but our ancestors also, made a distinction between superstition and reverential feel- ings (Lat, separated superstition from). 12. Sickness deprives me of sleep. 13. It is said that Democritus put out his own eyes. 14. Caesar ordered the soldiers to fill the trench with brushwood. 15. The sun pervades all things with his light. 16. He has robbed me of the protection of honest men. 17. I induced the father of Curio to stop him from having intercourse with you. 18. Brutus restrained Dolabella, who was hurrpng to Asia, from advancing further (Lat., from progress). 19. You have deprived me of great amusement and delight. 20. I hope our friendship does not need witnesses. EXERCISE LXV. THE ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE. § 207. Look out vesperasco ; iumentum ; comitia ; inchoo ; lugurthinus ; pervenio. 1. Syracuse was founded by the Corinthians under the command of Archias. f OF THK I UNIVERSITY LA TIN EXERCISES. V q. ^ "^^^^ X\ 2. After the murder of Dion, Timoleon again got posses- sion of Syracuse. 3. Metellus spoke in defence of L, Cotta when Africanus accused him. 4. Clodius thfnks he will have kingly power, if Milo be slain. 5. When evening came on, he quenched his thirst with a draught of cold water. 6. Having received hostages, he leads back his army to the sea. 7. When the German war was finished, Caesar made up his mind that for many reasons his policy was to cross the Ehine {gerundive). 8. Themistocles crossed over to Asia in the reign of Arta- xerxes. 9. Horatius, having slain the three Curiatii, and having lost his two brothers, returned home victorious. 10. You will look for me^ if the gods be favourable (Za^., help) before the winter sets in. 11. At length, when beasts of burden and men had been wearied to no purpose, the camp was pitched on the mountain ridge. 12. The Dictator, having receiyed the consul's army from Fulvius Flaccus the lieutenant, passed through the Sabine country and reached Tibur. 13. When he knew of the arrival of Caesar, Ariovistus sent envoys to him. 14. The soldiers of Jugurtha at a given signal attack the camp of the enemy. 15. Augustus was born in the consulship of Cicero and Antonius. 16. The cowardly soldier throws away his shield and flees as fast as he can. 17. The king, having dropped the war that he had begun, returned to Ephesus. 74 LA TIN EXERCISES. 18. When Eoscius had received his directions he left Caesar and reached Capua (Lat., from Caesar he reached Capua), where he found the consuls and Pompeius. 19. Sempronius at the close of the election (LaL^ when the election was concluded) went back to the army. 20. Caesar takes possession of the town and stations a garrison there. EXERCISE LXVI. PARTITIVE GENITIVE. § 208. Look out suppliciunr ; admodum ; severitas ; contendo ; spatium ; quam minimnin. 1. We have wasted much time in that single discussion. 2. There was no news in Curio's letter. 3. I hear there is neither gold nor silver in Britain. 4. We have exacted punishment enough. 5. I have plenty of employment in healing the wounds that have been inflicted on the country. 6. Curio knew nothing worth mentioning of literature. 7. Crassus with (in) his consummate courtesy had also a fair amount of gravity, Scaevola with all his {in multa) gravity was still not deficient in courtesy, 8. I have a better helper {l,at., moye help) in you than in him. 9. What advantage have I in deceiving you ] 10. The siege of Anticyra did not cause much delay {Lat., Anticyra in besieging). 11. A father is satisfied with a small punishment for a great offence. 12. I have no confidence in Clodius. 1 3. To this place the Gauls pressed on with great speed, so as to give the Eomans the least possible time for rally- ing and arming themselves. {Turn the subordinate sentence into the pas^vve form,) LATIN EXERCISES. 75 14. Never in any battle was there less flight or more slaughter. 15. Murena never put more work on the soldiers (smg.) than he took on himself. 16. There is but little reason to expect you will do this of your own will. 17. Time produces no novelties. '18. I have run risk enough. 19. He has been punished sufficiently. 20. You have inflicted pmiishment enough, EXAMINATION PAPER N. On Parts I to IV. 1. Decline seges, celer, iubar, filia, domus, vis, ego, iste, vellus, rete, grex, merx, sacer, dexter. 2. Write in Latin, 6, 16, 26, 4th, 14th, 20th. 3. What are the genders of cupido, margo, flos, career,, pul- vis, cos, dens, lis, quies % 4. Give the principal parts of curro, suadeo, quaero, queror, veho, nascor, ulciscor, veto. 5. What Case do the following Prepositions take : ob, prae, supra, pro, sub, inter ] 6. Write the Imperative Mood of habeo, dico, aperio, nolo, memini, vereor, hortor. 7. Distinguish between c^do, cedo ; dico, dico ; Mo, edo ; l^bor, labor ; levis, levis ; malum, malum. 8. Eender in Latin the following phrases and sentences :— English. Latin. (i) to be extremely ill. valde with a verb. (2) to be highly delighted. (3) to my way of thinking. as my opinion takes rthe, (4) a city in Macedonia. of. (5) after the destruction of past participle. Hasdrubal's army. (6) sorrow for the past. ex, (7) fear for the future. in. (8) from a place of safety. two words. 76 LA TIN EXERCISES. (9) to be reconciled to Caesar. (10) to reconcile Pompey to redigere, Caesar. (11) it is reported that Pompey is very ill. (12) words cannot express my it cannot be expressed how. great joy. (13)1 received your letter on the 16th of February. (14) I have no hesitation about coming to you at once. (15) we are bound to follow the as a guide. guidance of nature. (16) you give the proper answer. (17) ten days ago. before these ten days. (18) to deliver a vigorous har- to speak with consummate angue. earnestness. (19) to gain a naval victory. to conquer with a fleet. (20) king of Macedon. pf the Macedonians. EXERCISE LXVII.—Recapitulatory. Look out succenseo, irascqr ; rescribo ; reus ; pendo ; consilium ; dpminor. 1. Do you say you do not know me 1 I do. 2. I heard you were extremely annoyed with him. 3. Who says that these things are not useful "? 4. I will send a brief reply to your letter. 5. He ordered the man to be hanged on a wild-olive tree. 6. The mind of Otho was not effeminate, as his body was (Lat, and like his body). 7. He shows himself to be worthy of his ancestors. 8. Ye need a shield more than a sword. 9. You put me on trial for the offence of another. 10. Plato asserts that no one can be a great poet without a touch of madness. 11. There is no danger. 12. I heard that Clodius had paid the penalty of his own recklessness. 13. I wish my speech to be not understood rather than censured. LA TIN EXERCISES. 77 14. He admits his ignorance on many points. 15. He cannot bear to be so poor. 16. Antonius said he thought you were very like me. 17. The army took an oath to Eumenes that it would pro- tect him and would never desert him. 18. He says he is not at home. 19. Passion is no friend to judgment. 20. All the chief virtues must needs lie dormant while pleasure holds supreme sway. FART V. EXERCISE LXVIII. PREPOSITIONS. § 209-~Ad. Look out confugio ; invenio ; exiguus ; immolo ; contentio ; Aegates ; Trebia. 1. I went down to the forum. 2. We flee for refuge to thee. 3. He rose to reply. 4. Caesar let back his army to the coast. 5. The fellow is of no use for any employment (res). 6. He has pleasure-grounds by the Tiber. 7. Neoptolemus gained his name at Troy. 8. He posted armed men at all the approaches. 9. This is no concern of mine. 10. I am sure that Mummius was at Corinth. 11. The sensation of dying lasts but a short time. 12. He slaughtered all the prisoners to a man. 13. I shall return to Eome by the 1st of January. 14. He will come back within ten years. 15. Whether it was so, or whether it was not, is nothing to the purpose. 16. The ships were constructed and equipped in the follow- ing fashion. 78 LA'TiN EXERCISES. 17. The Eomans gained a naval victory over the Cartha- ginians in the first Punic War off the Aegates Islands. 18. Sempronius, having ^aid a visit to Eome after the battle at the Trebia to elect consuls, went back to the army at the close of the election. 19. Cato delivered a vigorous harangue before the people against Sergius Galba. 20. The envoys of the tl^lvetii flung themselves at the feet of Caesar. EXERCISE LXIX. PREPOSITIONS. §209— Adversus^ Extra. Lcok out tutor (t>^0 / fi^QS j cognitum habea 1. I will not strive against you. 2. I defended my frontier with arms against armed men. 3. He lived before the time of Socrates. 4. He sent the cavalry in advance (LaL, before himself). 5. I never saw you before the present day. 6. I rose before daylight. 7. I saw Pompeius ten days ago. 8. He died before my consulship. 9. Sulla took the camp of the Samnites in front of the town of Nola. 10. I have acquired great influence with Pompeius. 11. I hope my entreaties will have influence with you {pure subjunctive). 12. He was put on his trial before the judges. 13» The name of Hannibal was very famous among the Romans. 14. The snops round the forum loere closed. 15. Come back to this spot about noon. 16. Brutus at that time was three miles on this side of Velia. 17. He sent envoys round to the neighbouring nations. 18. About five hundred fell on the side of the Eomans. LA TIN EXERCISES. 79 19. They lead an unnatural life. 20. I am fully aware of your good feeling towards me. EXERCISE LXX. PREPOSITIONS. § 209~In, with the Accusative. Look out eflfero ; fero ; arbiter ; iudex ; distribuo ; provideo ; imploro. 1. He brought up an army to the city, or rather into the city. 2. The soldiers uplifted Otho on their shoulders. 3. This falls within our comprehension. 4. Advance the standards against the enemy. 5. Who was the umpire in respect of this business 1 6. He spoke at length (LaL, many words) in support of that opinion. 7. Did you sit as judge in the case of Fabricius ? 8. The blood is diffused from the heart over the whole body.| 9. He asked the man to dinner for the following day. 10. On the delivery of this speech the thoughts of all were changed in an astonishing way. 11. Let me tell you {Lat, know) that your honour is a subject of increasing anxiety to me day by day. 12. A stock of com had not been laid in for the winter. 13. The case was brought up for trial. 14. The augur laid his right hand on the head of Numa. 15. Caesar arranged the cavalry in three divisions, 16. Hannibal divided the spoil among his men. 1 7. The Romans stood in battle array from sunrise till late in the day. 18. He crucified Roman citizens, appealing to the rights of freedom and citizenship. 19. The canton is divided into two parts by a river. 20. At that place Labienus had made a rampart ten feet high. So LA TIN EXERCISES, EXERCISE LXXI. PREPOSITIONS. § 209— Infra, Inter, Intra, luxta. Look out infimus ; similitudo ; comparo ; ingredior ; societas. 1. Caesar led his men to the shore below the town {Lat, to the sea). 2. I hold you to be lower than the lowest of mankind. 3. He considers human affairs beneath his notice {Lat., placed beneath him). 4. Friendship cannot exist except between the virtuous. 5. The consuls divided the armies between them. 6. The boys have a striking likeness to one another. 7. It is very disgraceful to compare these things one with the other. 8. The consul had been brought back among many who were wounded. ' 9. They were overwhelmed while considering whether to flee or to fight {Lat, between the plan of flight and battle). 10. A free state and a king are naturally opposed to each other. 11. The towns are not more thati half a mile apart. 12. These notions are inconsistent with each other. 13. He will die within twenty days. 14. Meanwhile the horsemen had been already sent forward to Alba. 15. The Belgae prevented the Cimbri from setting foot within their borders. 16. A league was formed between Philip king of Macedon and Hannibal. 17. Let us keep our quarrels to ourselves (Lat, carry on between ourselves). 18. The boys love one another. 19. Strange was the difi'erence between the army and the Emperor. LA TIN EXERCISES. 8i 20. For fourteen years they had not entered a house {Lat, gone under a roof). EXERCISE LXXII. PREPOSITIONS. § 209— Ob, Penes, Per. Look out talentum ; colo ; oratio ; obviam ; indutiae ; nefarius. 1. We are going to fight for our native land. 2. He received a talent for a single play. 3. It is for that very reason that Erechtheus is worshipped at Athens. 4. We have sent to Athens to meet Brutus. 5. The whole state had gone out to meet him as he approached the city. 6. The decision of the matter rests with you. 7. That which he acquired by crime, he squanders and wastes in debauchery. 8. An arrangement made {Lat, Quod actum est) under com- pulsion ought not to be ratified. 9. He lost his life in a very disgraceful way {Lat., through consummate disgrace). 10. You are so cowardly that you cannot endure the sound of a trumpet {Lat,, Through cowardice). 11. Brutus in writing clears Caesar' from-complicity-in {de) the murder of Marcellus. 12. You are old enough to be his father {Lat,, By age he may be in the place of a son to you). 13. We are deceived by a truce and the hope of peace. 14. By a blunder he incurred most serious loss {Lat, rushed into the greatest loss). 15. All dishonesty {neut. pL) must be avoided for its own sake. 16. Under pretence of friendship you have betrayed me infamously. S.L.E.] y*'^'*vJ B R T^l^^w jf OF THF ^^ 82 LA TIN EXERCISES, 17. Yestorius has informed me by letter that you delayed your departure from Eome because you were not very well. 18. Why do you not allow these men to enjoy their freedom % 19. On the following day a truce was made, and permission to bury the slain was granted {Lat.^ by means of a truce). 20. In a set speech we often make rhymes by carelessness (Lat.^ speak verses). EXERCISE LXXIII. PREPOSITIONS. § 209— Post, Praeter, Prope, Propter. Look out abdico ; receptus ; aerarium, fiscus ; consularis ; quisquam ; temere; immineo; iudicium. 1. Aegina was behind me, Megara in front of me. 2. Ariovistus concealed himself behind the mountain. j 3. After the death of their colleague all the censors re- ■ signed office. 4. After sunset the signal for retreat was given. 5. Mine was the only (unus) house that the senate since the foundation (constituere) of this city has deemed worthy of being built at the public expense (Lat., from the treasury). 6. I see you have not a single friend among (ex) the men of consular rank except Lucullus. 7. No one but myself holds this opinion (use videtur). 8. The Alban lake had swollen in an unusual degree. 9. He engages in nothing but his own business. 10. Dionysius paid me an unexpected visit. 11. No one knows the faults of a house except the owner. 12. Every one, save those engaged in trade (Lat., traders), hesitates to visit Britain without a good reason (LcU., does not approach recklessly). LA TIN EXERCISES. 83 13. Lentulus, contrary to his usual custom, had been up the whole of last night {Lat, vigilare, with ablative). 14. The ladies of our family {Lat, our women) remained at Eome as well as the rest of the women. 15. How I wish you could live not only in my neighbourhood, but actually with me ! 16. I wish I had come nearer to you. 17. The whole state is in alarm on account of you alone. 18. Aegina, by reason of its being so near {Lat., nearness), threatened the Piraeus too much. 19. Pompey's men being alarmed retire from the camp to the town {Lat, through fear). 20. When this man was praetor, fellows, whose guilt was most evident {Lat., most guilty), were through bribes acquitted by the court. EXAMINATION PAPER 0. On Part I to IV. 1. Decline puer, aetas, comes, tenax, alacer, ego. 2. Give the principal parts of mano, iuvo, foveo, mordeo, acio, pono, illucesco, reor, memini. 3. Write the Present Imperfect Indicative of prosum, adeo, ^olo, fero, partior, utor. 4. Write in full the Imperatives of edo, memini, facio. 5. Classify the Latin Conjunctions, with examples of their ise. 6. Explain, with examples, the meaning of the terms Deponent, Reciprocal, Intransitive, Reflexive. 7. Write in Latin 7, 17, 207 ; 5th, 19th, 41st; two-thirds, 'our-fifths. 8. What Cases do the following Verbs and Adjectives take ? — parco, credo, careo, circumdo, damno, obliviscor, memor, bptus, plenus. 84 LATIN EXERCISES, 9. Eender in Latin the following phrases and sentences : English. (1) a very painstaking man. (2) a man of stainless honour. (3) a man with a very high sense of honour. (4) the name Cato. (5) the word pleasure* (6) at the age of 30. (7) a fleet of 300 ships. (8) two notable events. (9) as soon as possible. (10) as far as you can. (11) Do you say you do not know me? (12) Who says that these things are not expedient ? (13) You will say, * * What is that to me?" (14) He says the present state of things is intolerable. (15) People have a high opinion of you. (16) I fear you have not received my letter. (17) I have no fear about your merit satisfying the opinion men have of it. (18) He resigned office. (19) the best authorities. (20) You are not the man. Latin. swmnrns. summus. superlative oipudei genitive, genitive. future, three words. three words. answering the opinion of men. the authority of the wisest. it is not yours. EXERCISES LXXIV. PREPOSITIONS. § 209--Secimdtim, Sub, Super. Look out coiiCTemo ; afficio; traduco ; praedor ; iactura, damnum, fraus L He received a wound close to his ear. 2. Next to the gods, men confer the greatest benefits on their fellow-men {Lat,^ chiefly benefit). 3. Next to you, I have no better friend than solitude (vm the neuter of amicus). 4. Towards evening Caesar ordered the gates to be closed. LA TIN EXERCISES, 85 5. They burnt their houses over their own heads {Lat,y . themselves). 6. They were slaughtered one after another. 7. Famine as well as disease attacked the Carthaginian army. 8. At that very time I was on the other side of the sea. 9. He slew more than two hundred thousand of the enemy ; he took more than fifty thousand prisoners, 10. Towards night Pompeius weighed anchor. 11. Towards the end of the cavalry fight an infantry battle commenced, 12. The Gauls on account of superabundance of population and scarcity of land used to send colonies over the Ehine. 13. Having made these arrangements, he determined to build a bridge a little way above the place where he had previously taken his army across. 14. At the commencement of the civil war, when you were going towards Bmndisium to Caesar, you paid me a visit at my Formian villa {Formianum). 15. When Ponipey had pitched his camp on the other side of the river Apsus, he collected all his forces there {eo). 1 6. The Etrurians sent colonies over the Apennines. 17. This vast body (tantura) of the enemy is not only within the walls, but in the citadel over the forum and the senate-house. 18. This is in accordance with nature, that no one should act in such a way as to make unfair profit from another man's ignorance. 19. A new grief was added to the old sorrow by the loss of so many citizens. 20. Eight reason must be deemed to he beyond the reach of man, and must be assigned to God. S6 LATIN EXERCISES. EXERCISE LXXV. PREPOSITIONS. § 210— A, Coram, Cum. Look out Qpis ; nihilo ; firmus ; tiro ; fides. 1. We seek assistance from you. 2. Be on your guard against poison. 3. A deserter from Pyrrhus came to the camp of Fabricius. 4. The city of Eome was taken by the Gauls. 5. This is not a whit more in favour of our opponents than of ourselves. 6. In the west we have both leaders and armies on whom we can depend (firmus). 7. It was said that Antonius was strong (firmus) in respect of cavalry. 8. Antonius is kept in check (Lat., held) on the rear, in front, and on the flanks. 9. I spoke to you (Lat., with you) in the presence of P. Cuspius. 10. Man has then a resemblance to God. 11. You, veteran soldiers, will fight against an army of raw recruits (exercitus tiro). 12. The sanctity of an oath must often be kept with an enemy. 13. You too were caught with a blood-stained sword in your hand, 14. At the earliest dawn he came to the house of Pom- ponius. 15. Lentulus the consul sides with Caesar. 16. The best authorities support our view. 17. We wish to receive a reply in the presence of the Eomans. 18. We are debarred by business (pZ.) from every kind of amusement. ITJNIVEBSITY LATIN EXERCISES. ^^:«^L£^Ti7o!< ^87 >^'^ 19. M. Crassus had little learning and less wit (Lat, was moderately instructed by learning, and even more narrowly by nature). 20. I spent six months in the company of Antiochus the philosopher. EXERCISE LXXVI. PREPOSITIONS. § 210— De, Ex, In. Loolc out occultus ; dirigo ; improvisus ; sententia ; pendeo, pendo ; interitus ; cognatus. L The praetor rose from his feet. 2. Lucretius and Attius cast themselves down from the wall. 3. What will become of my dear TuUia % (use the diminutive TuUiola). 4. He drew off the ring from his finger. 5. Milo during the night returned to the city. 6. I will seek precedents for my actions from men of the highest character. 7. The rivers are swollen with the snows. 6. I will arouse you from sleep. 0. Truth lurks hidden (Lat.^ in a hidden place). 10. He injures some that he may be bountiful to others. 11. These deeds were done openly in the forum at Syracuse before the face and in the sight of all men. i2. The Spaniards thought it better to be conquered in Spain than to be dragged as conquerors into Italy. 13. The country depends on Brutus. 14. The report of the death of Clodius has traversed the boundaries of the Eoman dominion. 15. While I was making my way to Mutina I heard on the road of the battle having been fought (f actus). 16. You purposely inflicted an injury on me. 88 LA TIN EXERCISES. 17. Caesar came there unexpectedly, and sooner than any one thought he could come {Lat, quicker than the opinion of all). 18. By the advice of friends and relations Eoscius fled for refuge to Eome. 19. You are not the man to deserve well of the state. 20. What have I planned, what have I managed, what have I performed save by the advice, the authority, and the vote of this order 1 EXERCISE LXXVII. PREPOSITIONS. § 210— Prae, Pro, Simul, Sub, Super. Look Old maeror, luctus ; locus ; perdisco ; f urtum ; consido ; ditio. 1. I cannot speak for grief. 2. I was so anxious that I could not make-jests (Lat, for anxiety). 3. My tears prevent me from dwelling at further length on this topic (Lat, for weeping I cannot dwell). 4. You will not see the sun through the vast number of darts and arrows. 5. In this case the consul, compared with me, will be even of less importance than a private person (Lai., even less than). 6. Are you not willing to die for your friend ? 7. Give an absolute denial to (Lat., deny for certain) all things that are not certain. 8. We have trustworthy information about the arrival of Caesar. 9. He sets no store on wealth (Lat., he regards wealth as of no account). 10. When they have no hope of mastering a subject they give up the desire to learn it (Lat., they cast away the desire of learning together with the hope, etc.). LA TIN EXERCISES. 89 11. No slight deception lurks beneath this remark. 12. I will write to you on this subject from Rhegium. 13. We are at your command {Lat., under your sway). 14. I beg you to listen favourably to me when I speak on my own behalf. 15. Caesar took his seat within the intrenchments {smg,) in front of the camp. 16. The affair was now not far from a mutiny. 17. The vast-throng {multitudo) was not far from being destitute {Lat, destitution) of all necessaries {res). 18. I fear that I have made too small a return to you for I that which I have received from you. il 19. Sulla ordered a reward to be assigned to the poet, on condition that he did not write anything afterwards. 20. These arguments were used against and for the statute {Lat., These wwds were spoken). EXAMINATION PAPER P. On Parts I. to IV. 1. What is usually the Gender of Latin nouns denoting (a) trees, (b) mountains, {c) rivers, {d) winds ? Quote exceptions to the general rules. 2. Give the Genitive Cases of gener, cancer, asper, faber, integer, sinister, dexter. 3. What are the principal parts of obliviscor, sterno, metior, soleo, haereo, gaudeo, vinco, amplector? 4. Classify the Latin Adverbs, with examples ] 5. What Cases go with placeo, egeo, arguo, credo, fretus, par, utilis, conscius ? 6. Compare fortiter, acriter, valde, diu, prope, ultra, bene, male. 7. Mention some Adjectives that have no degrees of com- parison. 90 LA TIN EXERCISES. 8. Write in full the Future Imperfects of possum, volo, malo, eo, fero, largior, loquor, fateor. 9. Kender in Latin the following pkrases and sentences : — English. (i) a long time before. (2) a long time after. (3) by our own fault. (4) many important matters* (5) to do what is right. (6) to exhort e&,mestly. (7) by my own fault. (8) to remain in Rome. (9) to remain iii the city. (10) to return to Kome. (11) I was compelled to do thisj (12) Man must heeds die. (13) We should guard against the love of glory. (14) Love of wealth should be avoided. (15) Must we not all die ? (16) He is his own enemy. (17)1 will not give up my rights. (18) I have such an opinion of your wisdom that . . . (19) The first duty is . . . (20) by natural instinct; Laten; two words, two words, insert ipsorurni insert et. two words, use opiis. insert ijpsiuSi necesse. necesse. cupiditdSi yield from my rigiit. I deem you a man of that wisdoiiij nothing should be done before; with nature as guide. EXERCISE LXXVIli.— Recapituiatbry; Looh out excusatio ; dolor ; interior ; evado ; res f amilliaris ; iste ; clades* 1. Preparations were being made at Rome for a war with the Rutuli with great vigour. 2. You must apologise to those whom ydti offend unwit- ^ tingly. 3. These men, by reason of their worth, were not only highly esteemed by Caesar, but were also regarded with affection by the army. 4. I wish gratitude for a kindness to have more influence with me than resentment for a wrong. LA TIN EXERCISES. 91 5. To say nothing of right {Lat., authority), I have might too to keep you in check. 6. Who does not know that Publius Clodius was slain by the slaves of Milo on the Appian road % 7. You ought long ago to have been led to execution {Lat., death). 8. With whom does the decision rest % 9. Perseus retired into the heart of his kingdom. 10. I shall feturn to Eome by the 15 th of March. 11. I have made out nothing about this affair. 12» I have a thorough insight into the intention of Clodius. 13. Just as the enemy were on the point of scaling the wall * . . 14. I have read Xenophon's treatise on domestic economy. 15i I still hold this opinion. 16» I was two years in the province; 17. One cast himself from the wall, the other was caught and flogged to death. 18. What have I to do with such contemptible triflers *? 19. M» Cicero was bom in the consulship of Q. Caepio and Q. Serranus, on the 3d of January. 20. What 1 Did not C. Flaminius, in his second consulship, in the Second Punic War, set at nought warnings of what was to happen, with disastrous results to the state % FART VL EXERCISE LXXIX. FINAL CONJUNCTIONS. § 213, 214. Look out adipiscor ; amans ; coniunctio ; collum, cervix ; excipio ; oppugno. 1. Alcibiades required that two colleagues should be assigned to him. 2. Take heed lest you fall into the hands of ymr enemies. 92 LA TIN EXERCISES. 3. No doubt should be entertained as to the existence of poets before Homer. 4. Do not hesitate to intrust this man with the sole charge of affairs {Lat, trust all things to this one man). 5. Let me now understand your opinion {Lat, what you think). 6. I did not fear that any one would lament the death of worthless citizens. 7. I never expected to come as a suppliant to you. 8. Mithridates charged the guards of the bridge not to let slip the opportunity offered by fortune for giving freedom to Greece. 9. All men desire to reach old age, and when they have reached it they find fault with it {idem). 1 0. I could not bring my mind to behold my brother, who loved me so dearly {Lat,, very fond of me), in such deep sorrow. 11. We call gods and men to witness that we took up arms not against our country, nor that we might put others in danger, but that our own persons might be pro- tected from injustice. 12. I never did let an opportunity pass of doing my best to detach Pompeius from a close connexion with Caesar. 13. In spite of his reluctance {Lat., hesitating) the soldiers had induced Cassius to risk a battle {Lot., try the fortune of an engagement). 14. Caesar, fearing that the enemy might attempt to entice our men to unfavourable ground, slackens his pace {Lat., proceeds more slowly). 15. Dionysius, that he might not intrust his neck to a barber, had his daughters taught to shave {Lat., taught his daughters). 16. Not a man among the enemy could leave the line of march without being cut off by Caesar's cavalry. LATIN EXERCISES. 93 17. Caesar required permission to send envoys to Pompeius without risk. 18. Caesar exhorted his men to avail themselves (Led. use) of the favours of fortune and to storm the camp. 19. Having said this he took an oath that he would not return to the camp unless he were victorious, and he exhorted the rest to follow his example (Xa^., do the same). 20. It is reported that A. Cluentius bribed the court to con- demn the innocent Statins Albius, with whom he was at enmity (Lai.^ his foe). EXERCISE LXXX. CONSECUTIVE CONJUNCTIONS. § 215. Li)ok out parum abfuit ; humilis ; pungo ; perdo ; spiritus ; concursus ; adimo. 1. I cannot help sending to you. 2. It cannot be denied tliat it is more disgraceful to deceive than to be deceived. 3. I considered it my first duty to congratulate you. 4. He was very near being killed. 5. There was great fear at Eome lest the Gauls should again get possession of the city. 6. We are not stupid enough to make such assertions. 7. I have such an opinion of your wisdom that I do not prefer my plan to yours. 8. They fought in such a way that on neither side could the fight have been more fiercely contested. 9. Cato departed from life in such a way that he rejoiced in having found a motive for dying. 10. Many have made no account of their own lives {smg>) to rescue those who were dearer to them than they were to themselves. 94 LATIN EXERCISES. 11. I am not so uninformed and ignorant of your feelings (dng^ as not to know what you (^?.) think about the death of P. Clodius. 12. Verres all on a sudden became so crestfallen that it appeared not only to the Eoman people, but even to the man himself, that he was convicted. 13. In the first place that letter annoyed me so much that it took away my sleep. 14. There was no doubt that one of the consuls would carry on the war against the Aequi. 15. Yerres for the space of three years harassed and harried Sicily in such a way that it could by no means be restored to its old condition. 16. I did not flatter the fortune of another so far as to be dissatisfied with my own. 17. Pythagoras and Plato speak in praise of death, but with this restriction, that they forbid us to flee from life. 18. By these events the Pompeians gained so much fresh confidence and enthusiasm, that they did not think of the plan of the campaign, but thought they were already victors. 19. Just sufficient space was l^ft between the two armies for the troops on each side to run to meet their foes. 20. We hope the business ^ill ultimately turn out well. EXERCISE LXXXI, CAUSAL CONJUNCTIONS. § 216. Look out include ; religio ; praestans ; libertus, patronus ; inducio ; miseriae. 1. I congratulate you on having such influence with Caesar. 2. He did well to depart. 3. You acted properly in confining me within my house. LA TIN EXERCISES, 95 4. The cause of my journey was that I had not a place where I could be any longer in a state of independ- ence {jpro meo iure). 5. I could not induce the Athenians to grant a place of interment within the city; for they said they were prevented by religious scruples. 6. It is said that Theophrastus on his deathbed found fault with nature for having assigned to men so short a life. 7. A trunk was given to the elephant, because by reason of the vast size of its body it had difficulty in getting at its food (Lat., difficult approaches to), 8. that I may see the day when I can thank you for having forced me to remain alive ! 9. Hannibal believed Scipio to be a man of mark, from the very fact that he had been chosen in preference to all others as a leader against him. 10. Homer represents Jupiter as complaining that he was unable to rescue, against the-will-of-destiny {LaL, fate), his son Sarpedon from death. 11. Agesilaus was recalled by his countrymen, because the Boeotians and Athenians had declared war against the Lacedaemonians. 12. I was not deterred (LaL, that circumstance did not deter me) from sending you a letter, by reason that you had not sent one to me, but because in such great troubles I could find nothing to write about. 13. Do you blame him because as a freedman he assisted his patron, who at that time was in distress 1 14. I thank you, inasmuch as my letter had so much influence with you. 15. Was not Aristides banished from his country, because he was immoderately just 1 16. Therefore it is never expedient to do wrong, because it is always disgraceful : and because it is always right, it is always expedient to be an honest man. 96 LA TIN EXERCISES. 17. Since you will have it so, I will admit that I was too grateful. 18. You are angry with me for defending the man whom you accuse. 19. Ye accuse Sex. Roscius. On what grounds 1 (Za^., Why so ?) Because he escaped from your hands ; because he did not submit to be slain. 20. Inasmuch as you have desired to be made acquainted with my views and opinions {sing.) I will hide nothing from you (Lat., to be partakers of). EXAMINATION PAPER Q. On Parts I. to IV. L What classes of nouns in Latin usually have no Plural, and what no Singular % Show the different meanings the •following nouns have in the Singular and the Plural, viz., aedes, auxilium, career, copia, comitium, littera. 2. How many Participles has the Latin Verb in each voice ? Give examples. 3. Decline lapis, fur, later, pater, ater, remex, hiemps. 4. What Cases go with noceo, patiens, dives, gratus, similis, expers, ignosco, memini % 5. Compare ater, vetus, utilis, senex, munificus, frugi, potis. 6. Name some of the Verbs that take two accusatives. 7. What is the construction of licet, miseret, oportet, pudet, libet, paenitet % 8. How is the Perfect formed in the compounde of l%o, ago, claudo, cado, rego, capio, facio % 9. Render in Latin the following phrases and sentences : — Ekglish. Latin. (i) not strictly trite. minm. " ,- (2) not absolutely essential. minua, (3) to live in the country. LATIN EXERCISES, 97 English. (4) I know not what to say. (5) I hope the matter will turn out well. (6) I have quite a different opinion. (7) I am inclined to think. (8) It is my intention. (9) in that year also. ( I o) What would you have more ? (11) No one pities me. (12) They tried to deprive all of us of life. (13) There is no danger. (14) I expect to be in Athens in September. (15) After the conclusion of the war with the Sabines, Tar- quin returned in triumph to Rome. (16) The stream was about three feet in depth. (17) What was I to do? (18) He was fighting on horse- back. (19) They were fighting on horse- back. (20) We have received informa- tion. Latin. Ixabeo. fore ut. use alius and meus. in ea opinions ut. I have it in my mind. in the same year. nihil. from a horse. from horses. It has been announced to us. EXERCISE LXXXII. TEMPORAL CONJUNCTIONS. § 217. Look out fatigo ; patria ; arctus ; gaudeo ; obsaepio ; miser. 1. Trust me, you are surrendering the citadel {urhem) of philosophy, while you defend the outworks (castella), 2. The Sulmonenses, as soon as they saw our standards, opened their gates. 3. Before I could say (facere) a word, he rose from his seat and departed. 4. I will carry on the work I have undertaken as long as I have the power. 5. When Pherecydes saw some water that had been drawn from a well, he foretold an earthquake. S.L.E.] G 98 LA TIN EXERCISES, 6. But nothing distressed them so much as thirst, inasmuch as a vast crowd of combatants and non-combatants had only one spring left for use (Lat.^ used one remaining spring). 7. I will not cease to make entreaty until {quoad) we have received information that you have done that which we are looking for with great longing {Lat, it has been announced to us). 8. A Eoman citizen was flogged to death in the middle of the forum at Messana ; and all the while not a sound was heard from the poor victim [gen. ) but this, " I am a Eoman citizen." 9. When Conon heard that his native city was besieged, he did not inquire where he might dwell in safety, but whence he might furnish protection to his country- men. 10. After a prolonged struggle, our men got possession of the baggage and the camp. 11. Afterwards, when we went to bed, I slept more soundly than usual {Lat, a sleep more close than was wont embraced me). 12. No sooner is the creature born than it revels in enjoy- ment. 1 3. When I have seen Caesar I will proceed to Arpinum. 14. When the Gauls saw that the Eomans had suddenly come down, they too, eager for the fray, rush into battle, and the fight began before the signal was given by the leaders. 15. Tarquinius arrived a little before sunset. 16. What can he more delightful to me than, when I cannot speak with you in person, either to write to you or to read your letters 1 17. Since I left the city, I have never let a day intervene without posting something in the shape of a letter to you. LA TIN EXERCISES. 99 18. While our men were collecting these things, the king himself escaped from their hands. 19. It is a saying, " While there is life in a sick man there is hope." 20. Before daylight surprises us, and larger bands of the enemy block up our path, let us sally forth. EXERCISE LXXXIII. CONCESSIVE AND COMPARATIVE CONJUNCTIONS. § 218, 219. Look out fremo ; decedo ; turpis, honestus ; desidero ; paries, murus, moenia. 1. I do not laugh at these matters though you may. 2. Though all murmur, I will say what I think. 3. Though the Eoman people was never vanquished in any war, still it has been beaten in many battles. 4. Though men formed societies by natural instinct, yet it was with the hope of guarding (custodia) their pro- perty that they sought the protection (pi.) of cities. 5. Here we must make a stand, comrades, as though we were fighting in front of the walls of Eome. 6. I keep up harmony as well as I can. 7. Nicias, as is his bounden duty, loves you. 8. May my prayers have an influence with you, like that which they have had in your behalf this day. 9. As all lands that are cultivated are not productive, so all minds that are tilled do not bear fruit. 10. The Eomans, weary as they were, still press forward. 11. Go on as you have begun. 12. They lie just as if they were entirely without life [animics). 1 3. I indeed am just as much a slave as you a re, thou gh at home I was a freeman. y^*^^^ ^ *^T^*X f •-^iVEiRSITY ) loo LA TIN EXERCISES. li. Though I ought to have the mastery (per/, vinco), still I will give up my rights. 15. That which is wrong, though it be concealed, can by no means be ma^le right. 16. Good men do what is straightforward, what is right, though they see no prospect of gain {Lat., that no gain will follow). 17. However laughable that conduct {neut. pi ille) might be, as indeed it was, still it did not make me laugh. 18. I love Pomponius Atticus like a second brother. 19. And that you may not be in ignorance of that which I fail(5een a healthy man, he would have been reckoned im on\tor (di^rtus) of the tirst rank. 19. Assuming that Pompoius remains in Italy and that tlie dispute is not settled by ivrnrngement (Zosco, morior, I exj>erior, expergiscor. utor. 3. Describe tlie main uses of the Gt^rund and Gerundive in Latin. 4. What are the Genitives PlunU of domus, imber, mater, nuire, voluptas, mas, falx % LATIN EXERCISES. 5. When is the Supine in um used, and when the Supine 6. Write the First Person in each tense, Indicative and Subjunctive, of volo, nolo, malo, eo. 7. When is se used for eum in Latin sentences % 8. Write eight Verbs which are followed by an Accusative and Infinitive as their object. 9. Eender in Latin the following phrases and sentences : — Latin. English. (i) with the exception of your- self. (2) I am persuaded. (3) to rely on my own judgment. (4) to form plans. (5) to turn into ridicule. (6) to be cast in a suit. (7) in my judgment. (8) I say this unwillingly. (9) to detest the name Cassius. (10) constitutionally nervous. (11) Your letter gives me some relief. (12) He has been living at Rome for many years. (13) Do I not recognise your voice ? (14) He said he would come. (15) The freedom of the Roman people is at stake. ( 1 6) I am justified in saying this. (17) I will protect you from wrong. (18) follow this example. (19) the opinion you profess (p/.). (20) to hold fast an opinion. stare. enter into. to have as a laughing-stock. to fall in a cause. by nature. nonnihil. by my own right. ward off wrong from you. imitate these things, carry before you. persevere in. EXERCISE LXXXV. THE RELATIVE. § 222 to 228. Look out imperium ; anima ; civilis ; dissensio ; ira, iracundia ; persevero ; perfero ; sono, cano. 1. I have read the letter that Brutus sent you from Asia. 2. I will not deceive your opinion of my honesty. LA TIN EXERCISES, 103 3. Coriolanus acted impiously in that he sought aid from the Volscians. 4. No man can speak to the purpose save one who has a sound knowledge oj his subject 5. Many months before he stated in the senate that he intended to act as he has acted. 6. It was a favourite saying of Thrasea, " He that hates vices hates men " (Lat., Thrasea used frequently to say). 7. But we seek not sovereignty nor wealth, for the sake of which all wars and contests among men occur (Lat., are), but freedom, which no good man loses without losing his life at the same time. 8. I do not intend to speak of the views of those who give the name of surrender to an odious slavery, nor do I think that these men are to be regarded as citizens or called upon for advice. 9. What is it, Catiline? Do you hesitate to do at my bidding that which you were already doing of your own free will 1 10. Call to mind, Quirites, all the disturbances in the state, not only those of which you have heard, but those which you yourselves remember and which you saw with your own eyes. 11. The man who does not protect his friends ivom. wrong, when he has the power, acts unjustly. 1 2. Two opinions have been expressed, but I do not approve either. 13. What can be more unfair than this — ^that we should be coming to a decision about peace without the know- ledge of those who are conducting the war ? and not only without their knowledge, but even against their wiin 14. Follow this example (Lat, imitate these things), ye who seek honour, praise, and fame (repeat qui). I04 LA TIN EXERCISES. 15. The same enthusiasm, which had carried the Eomans through the midst of the enemy's host, also carried . them right into the camp. 16. Caesar, having accomplished his purpose (Lat.^ that which he had proposed in his mind), ordered the signal for retreat to be sounded. 17. Pythagoras was in Italy in the days when L. Brutus made his country free. 18. All that remains, Quirites, is that you should hold fast the opinion that you profess. 19. Some there are who through dread of odium dare not express their views (Led., what they think), excellent though they may be. 20. Nothing that is devoid of justice can be right. EXERCISE LXXXVI. THE RELATIVE— cow^mw^d § 222 to 228. Look out saeculum ; existo ; conubium ; pecco ; tego. 1. This shall be the post for you to occupy (suhj.). 2. The husbandman plants trees, which are to benefit another generation. 3. Do you not yet see clearly by whose agency, by whose machinations, by whose crime we were ruined ? 4. There are (existo) many things in the body which sharpen (suhj.) the intellect, and many which blunt it. 5. The soldiers for the most part made their way to the forum, with the desire to see the spot on which Galba had fallen. 6. Then Eomulus by the advice of the fathers sent envoys to the neighbouring states around to solicit friendship and intermarriage with the new people. 7. Your age is such that it has already escaped from the passionate desires of youth. LA TIN EXERCISES. 105 8. I do not think you are the sort of man to think that the Cyclopes fashioned the thunderbolt for Jove on Aetna. 9. I sent the brave C. Sulpicius, the praetor, to take out of the house of Cethegus any weapons that might be there. 10. Two Roman knights were found to relieve you from that anxiety and to undertake to murder me in my own bed (ledulus) on that very night shortly before the break of day. 11. He was a fool to give me this silver. 12. You do not deserve to have vessels of such fine work- manship ; they are suitable to my rank {sum, with genitive). 13. Who is there at the present day whose interest it is that that statute should be in force (Lat, remain)? 14. You are the only person, C. Caesar, in whose victory no man has fallen unless he had arms in his hands {Lat, armed). 15. Who could be friendly to Domitius and at the same time (qui) on bad terms with you 1 16. Who ever held a province with an army and yet never sent a single despatch to the senate 1 17.1 am not yet speaking of what you did, but of what you allowed to be done. 18. I seem to have done wrong in departing from you. 19. I wish you would write me word as to the day on which you expect to leave Rome. 20. We have concealed our opinion (Lat., what we thought) too long. EXERCISE LXXXVII. THE HmjATIVB— continued. § 222 to 228. Look out peto ; ultro ; indico ; invidia ; probus ; dego ; concido ; opprimo ; require ; flagitium ; confero. 1. A young man hopes that he will have a long life, but this is a thing that an old man cannot expect. io6 LA TIN EXERCISES. 2. There were some who believed that Crassus was not ignorant of the design. 3. Julius Naso is a candidate for public-office (^Z.) ; he has many strong competitors {Lat, he is a candidate with many, with good men), and, as it is creditable, so it is hard to beat them. 4. Timoleon, when he was advanced in life, lost his eye- sight, but not from any disease ; yet he endured that misfortune with such calmness that no one heard him complain, nor did he for that reason take less part in private and public business. 5. It is more easy to find men who will devote themselves spontaneously to death than men who can endure pain with resignation. 6. For there are and have been philosophers holding that the gods take no thought at all for the affairs of men. 7. There are some who think that death consists in a departure of the soul from the body. 8. Great is the power of conscience, and they who neglect it, when they wish to wrong me, will betray themselves. 9. You have a consul, who will not hesitate to obey your decrees, and to defend, as long as he lives, the ordinances that you have made. 10. You will look in vain hereafter for a citizen, who will expose himself to odium to save his country. 11. That father must be a virtuous man, who requires his son to be more virtuous than he himself has been. 12. Never then can praise equal to her deserts {satis digne) be bestowed on philosophy ; for if a man follow her dictates he may pass his whole life free from vexa- tion. 13. There are, however, other philosophers, ay, great and famous men (Lat., and these indeed great, etc.), who LATIN EXERCISES, 107 hold that the whole universe is governed and regu- lated by the intellect and reason of the gods. 14. Such, M. Antonius, were my plans for the welfare o/the state, and had they prevailed the state would now be standing ; you would have fallen under the weight (use conciMre) of your crimes, your poverty, and your degradation. 15. Pompeius, fearing an ambuscade, I suppose, because these events had turned out contrary to his expectation (for he had seen his own men a little while before fleeing from their camp), did not venture to approach the intrenchments for a considerable time. 16. The next day Domitius drew near to Nicopolis, and pitched his camp close to the town (use conferre) ; and while our men were fortifying this camp, Pharnaces drew up his troops in his own peculiar fashion (Lat., in his own custom and arrangement). 17. I commend to your notice my very intimate friend, T. Pinarius, with an earnestness that I cannot in- crease (LaL, with such earnestness that I cannot with greater) ; for I am most kindly disposed to him, not only because of all his good qualities, but also because we have common pursuits (use propter twice). 1 8. My own opinion, as I have often told you in my letters, is this — the man who crushes the remnant of this war will bring the whole war to an end {Laf., will be the finisher of, etc.) ; and I hope and believe that you will be that man. 19. I for my part do not cease to exhort them to make peace; for even an unjust ^eace is more beneficial than a per- fectly just war. 20. I have sent you a copy of Caesar's letter, according to your request (Lat., for you had requested). Many have written to tell me that my conduct is completely satisfactory to him. I am content that it should be io8 LA TIN EXERCISES. so, provided that my conduct is, as it has hitherto been, perfectly honest {Lat., I do nothing basely). EXERCISE LXXXVIII. THE RELATIVE— c^m^mw^d § 222 to 228. Look out opes ; urgueo ; potissimum : interficio. 1. No one is so old that he does not think he can live a year longer, 2. I never yet knew a poet who did not think himself the best of his kind (use nemo and videor). 3. There was not a man who did not protect me in that crisis to the best of his ability. 4. Surely there is no consolation that can assuage my grief. 5. You do not understand in what alarm and what great peril we are placed. 6. Who is there who has not an affection for Pompeius ? 7. There was absolutely not a man among the soldiers in the fort who was not wounded {Lat, no one at all). 8. The Stoics say that all are rich who can enjoy the sky and the earth. 9. Why am I to mention things which can be believed by none but eye-witnesses ^ (use credihilis.) 10. Most people are chiefly inclined to serve one (Lat, him) from whom they expect the greatest return. 11. The enemy, beaten in the fight, at once sent envoys to Caesar to sue for peace. They promised to give hostages, and to do what he bade them. 12. It is not then by his own enemies, for he has none, that he is annoyed. It is by the enemies of his friends, who are numerous and powerful. 13. A slave of P. Clodius was apprehended in the temple of Castor. Clodius had placed him there to murder Cnaeus Pompeius. LA TIN EXERCISES. 109 14. Nothing makes men so wretched as impiety and crime. 15. Cato says that one who is not a regular soldier is not justified in fighting against the enemy (use ius), 16. I think there is no man who has heard that fellow's name, who cannot also call to mind his abominable deeds. 17. There is not in this province a single piece of property {nihil proprium) left to us by our ancestors in the towns or in the country-districts, which he did not order to be sold. 18. No misfortune befell the state in after days, which they had not seen threatening her so long before. 19. Nothing is more difiicult than to find a thing which is perfect in its kind in every particular. 20. The plays of Livius do not deserve to be read a second time. EXAMINATION PAPER S. On Parts I. toY, 1. Give the Gender and Genitive case of rus, mus, telkis, vulgus, humus, frons, os, mos, vulnus, cor, honor. 2. Give the principal parts of claudo, mordeo, sentio, censeo, queo, aperio, reperio, sino, tundo, iuvo. 3. What is the construction, with Latin Verbs of asking, in the Active and the Passive ? What other Verbs have a similar construction 1 4. What Cases do the following words take : — utor, misereor, credo, potior, expers, dives "? 5. Compare vetus, teres, novus, ater, senex, utilis, maturus, benevolus. 6. What do you understand by the Objective Genitive ) Give instances. LATIN EXERCISES, 7. What Cases are found with the following Prepositions : — cis, clam, ob, prae, super? 8. Render in Latin the following phrases and sentences : — Latin. that I may so say. as for what I know {suhj.). English. (i) so to say. (2) so far as I know. (3) against the will of Caesar. (4) before the consulship of Cicero. (5) after the expulsion of the kings. (6) What am I to do? (7) What was I to do ? (8) 1 dismissed the messenger at once. (9) to retire. (10) as we said before. (11) Regulus did not rely on his own judgment, but wished the senate to decide. (12) He began to form plans for liberating the state. (13) For twenty years I have been waging war against the Komans. (14) I will say it again and again. (15) You decided that one or both of the consuls should pro- ceed to the seat of war. (16) I will speak as becomes a senator and a Roman. (17) envy of the virtuous. (18) What is such a proof of con- ceit? (19) the times are such that. (20) How much did this cost you ? past participle. missumfacere. impersonal. wished it to be the judgment of. I now wage. more often. the consuls, one or both. what is worthy of. to envy virtue. What is so arrogant ? the time is of that kind. EXERCISE LXXXIX. COMPOUND PRONOUNS. § 229. Look out transfero ; saeculum ; contingo ; contagio; conditio ; nego. 1. Some of the soldiers slew themselves near the funeral pile. 2. Did you ever see a more unlucky man 1 f ^NIVEBSTTY LA TIN EXERCISES, ^^^^^^^C j^TpQRSj^ ^ 3. Ennius translated some passages from Homer. 4. Envy of the virtuous is a kind of blot and blemish of the present age. 5. What 1 have you ever seen anything like the sun or the moon or the five planets "i 6. The house of Iso crates was open to the whole of Greece as a kind of school and manufactory of oratory. 7. The camp of Caesar was close to a forest, and was not more than three hundred paces from the sea. 8. Every animal has its likings and its dislikings {Lat,y longs for certain things and flees from certain things). 9. Whatever they say I commend. 10. An accident prevented me from doing that. 1 1 . I promise you all the aid that I can give to carry out this business. 12. The tribunicial power can inflict much injury and much peril on each one among us. 13. Epicurus asserts that no one can live happily who does not live honestly. 1 4. Let each man think that he is defending in arms not his own person but our wives and little children. 15. Did any one ever see Deiotarus dancing or intoxicated 1 16. There is no animal, except man, that has any knowledge of God. 17. The Stoics say that nothing is good save that which is right. 18. The taint of that crime has a wider extent than any one supposes. 19. I for my part am in the habit of taking pains that every man should give me instruction about his own pro- fession {res). 20. The times are such that every man thinks his own position the most wretched. LA TIN EXERCISES. EXERCISE XC. CORRELATION OF CLAUSES. § 232. Look out exsto ; collegium ; summisse ; possessio ; impertio. 1. The best speakers are most in dread of the difficulties of speaking (use quisque and superlative adverbs). 2. I have made these statements as briefly as they could be made {^passive). 3. We ought to keep our slaves under command in all places, but especially in our provinces. 4. I will accept as much time from you as you will devote to writing. 5. My brother is not so much in fear for his own life as for mine. 6. The consuls have proved to be just as I have often described them to you. 7. What is such a proof of conceit as to attempt to instruct the college of pontiff's on a matter of religion ? 8. Your letters have never raised my hopes so much as those of others have. 9. What Aristides was at Athens, such was Fabricius in this city. 10. The higher our rank the more humility let us display in our actions {Lat., let us conduct ourselves). 11. The more they advanced with their work, and the further they put the camp forward, the further was their distance from water. 12. Philosophy has taught us all other lessons {res), and especially that which is the hardest of all to learn, self-knowledge {Lat., know ourselves). 13. What is so agreeable to our intelligence and our ears (use supines of cognosco and audio) as a speech adorned and embellished with wise sentiments and weighty words. LA TIN EXERCISES. 1 13 14. The bulk of {Lat.^ the rest of) the citizens are usually- like the chief men in a state. 15. We are disgracefully unprepared in respect of (a) men and money too. 16. He lived just as long as he could live happily and peace- fully. _ 17. This affair causes no less annoyance to me than it does to you. 18. The larger an estate is, the more it requires to main- tain it. 19. Fortune has supreme influence in all other {LaL, the rest) afl'airs, but chiefly in war. 20. Show yourself (impertlre) to us in the same character as that in which you have hitherto {iam antea) presented yourself to the Eoman people. EXAMINATION PAPER T. On Parts I. to VI. 1. Give the Gender, Dative Singular, and Genitive Plural of species, comes, arbiter, onus, fons, arx, imber. 2. Give the chief Tenses of pareo, increpo, erigo, arceo, capio, occido, pello, repello, cupio, ordior. 3. What are the meanings of the following Prepositions, and with what Cases are they constructed : penes, extra, tenus, pro, citra, propter % 4. Compare frugi, nequam, potis, prosperus, iuvenis, tristis, pulcher, tener. 5. What do you understand by the Subjective Genitive? Give instances. 6. Give instances of some of the uses of the Ablative Case. 7. Explain, with examples, the meaning of the terms /TiaZ, tem^poral, and concessive Conjunctions, and give instances of the moods used with each. 8. Eender in Latin the following phrases and sentences : — S.L.E.] II 114 LA TIN EXERCISES. English. Latin. (i) Many, not to say all. ne dicam. (2) to say the least. levissime. (3) to be assured. to hold for certain. (4) to devote one^s-self to litera- studere. ture. (5) as briefly as I could. (6) I have long been desiring. (7) in the lifetime of Nero. (8) it is of great importance. (9) at about the same time. fere sub. (10) more than 100 years after- amplius. wards. (11) I pray you, pardon me in this matter. (12) You see how the matter se habere. stands. (13) Pisistratus arranged the as we now have them. books of Homer in their present form. (14) He insisted on my writing. contendere a. (15) He was wounded in the received a wound. service of his country. (16) I have made up my mind to mihi cerium est. remain at Rome. (17) to do good service to the to deserve well of. Roman people. (18) I will reply to your letter ' briefly. (19) I may be deceived. (20) I think I shall pay a visit fut. inf. pass. to Caesar. EXERCISE XCI.— Recapitulatory. Look out peritus ; percipio ; proprius ; postpono ; comparo ; cogo. 1. Tell me whom you see. 2. I wish I had some advice to give you. 3. Where is the state which has not had bad citizens 1 4. The experienced general perceived what was a hindrance to success. 5. A wise man can distinguish falsehood from truth and the unintelligible from the intelligible. 6. Who is there that avoids things that are expedient 1 LA TIN EXERCISES. 1 15 7. Do you not remember what I said a little while ago ? 8. He declined to state his opinion. 9. Cn. Pompey determined not to allow C. Caesar to be made consul on any other condition but that he would give up his army and the provinces. 10. It is the characteristic of a wise man to do nothmg of which he may hereafter repent. 11. The law was so arranged by our forefathers that no Eoman citizen can lose his freedom against his will. 12. On my arrival at Eome I at once made a stand against the crime and madness of Antony. 13. Cato used to read even in the senate-house while the senators were assembling. 14. I deemed everything of secondary importance, if I could but obey the injunctions of my father {Lat.,1 postponed all things, provided that . . . ). 15. You will relieve me from great apprehension if there be but a wall between you and me. 1 6. It is a characteristic of freedom to live as you please. * 17. If I find you here to-morrow, you shall die. 18. If I see you, I hope to get easily over my present difficulties, and those which threaten me in the future. 19. Believe me, Brutus, you {;pL) will be crushed, if you do not take care. 20. If poverty is an evil, no beggar can be happy. EXERCISE XCII. OBLIQUE NARRATION. § 233 to 235. Turn into the form of Oblique Narration the following sentences, supposing each to be introduced by the words ''Eesaid:''— 1 . I will send you a letter. 2. I shall see you at Athens. 1 16 LA TIN EXERCISES. 3. I will be your leader. 4. I have finished writing. 5. What have I done 1 6. What are you about ? 7. Do not fear ; I will not forsake thee. 8. Here we shall live a life of safety. 9. If you are wise, you will say nothing. 10. If I dared I would go to Athens. 11. Whither are ye rushing ? 12. What is the use of talking ? 13. Why are ye come to me % 14. I shall find out to-day how dear I am to the senate. 15. Do ye know any one superior to me? 16. My safety is not of so much importance to me as to the country. 17. Will you return to the camp 1 18. He said, "I never had a more pleasant draught." 19.1 will take good care that the enemy do not attack the city. 20. I gave the empire to my father and to my brother, and they have given it back to me. EXERCISE XCIII. OBLIQUE TSlASi-RAJ^lQ-^— continued, § 233 to 235. Look out summa ; vis ; attinet ; affero ; tantumdem. 1 . Thereupon this answer was made to the Eoman envoys : " The war originated with the Saguntines and not with Hannibal. The Eoman people are acting un- justly, if they prefer the people of Saguntum to the time-honoured alliance of the Carthaginians.'' 2. The story is that in that place Hannibal saw in his sleep {Lat., rest) a youth of celestial mien, who said, "I am sent by Jove to thee to lead thee into Italy : therefore follow me, and never at any place turn thine eyes away from me.'' LA TIN EXERCISES, 1 1 7 3. " We accept the omen," said the consuls, " and pray for such an intention on the part of the enemy, that they I should not even defend the rampart." 4. When Hannibal had summoned his soldiers to assemble he encouraged them to fight with the promise of sure rewards {Lat, he proposes sure rewards, for the hope of which they were to fight). " I will give," said he, " land in Italy, Africa, Spain, where each man desires, free from taxes for the man who takes it, and for his children. If any one prefers money to land, I will give him an equivalent {Lat., I will satisfy him) in silver. If any of the allies desire to become citizens of Carthage, I will enable them to do so. If any prefer to return home, I will take good care that they shall not wish to change their position with any one of their own countrymen {Lat, that the fortune of any one of their countrymen should be changed with them)." 5. The end of Ms speech was, " The nearer Hannibal is to the hope of bringing the war to a conclusion, so much the more should he be assisted with every resource : for the campaign is fought at a distance from home, in the midst of the enemy's land : a vast amount of corn and of money is consumed : and so many pitched battles, though they have destroyed the armies of the enemy, have also to some extent impaired the forces of the conqueror. Therefore we must send reinforce- ments, we must send money to pay and corn to feed the soldiers who have done such good service to the Carthaginian nation {Lat., name)." 6. To this Hannibal replied, " So far as the war with the Eomans is concerned, as [si) the battle of the Trasi- menus was more famous than that of the Trebia, as the battle of Cannae was more famous than that of the Trasimenus, so I will overshadow the glories [Lat., 1 18 LA TIN EXERCISES. make the remembrance obscure) of Cannae, by a greater and more splendid victory." 7. Many years before Agrippina had believed and treated with contempt a ^prophecy of this termination of her life {sui). For when she consulted the astrologers about Nero, they replied, " He will get the Empire (impero) and will slay his mother." Then she rejoined, *' Let him slay me, if he do but get the Empire." , 8. Envoys from the Germans came to Caesar and spoke as follows : " We Germans did not take the initiative (j)riores) in waging war on the Eoman people, but still we do not decline to fight, if we are provoked. However, what we say is this : We have come against our will, driven from our homes ; if you Eomans wish to be on good terms with us {Lat., our favour) we can do you good service {utiles esse) as your friends; either assign lands to us, or permit us to retain those which we have won by our arms." 9. Two days after this Ariovistus sends envoys to Caesar with this message, " I am willing to continue the negoti- ations (Lat., to ''treat) which we began but did not finish {pass.). Either (uti aui) fix a day for a renewal of the conference {Lat., for a conference again), or if you do not like that plan, send one of your lieu- tenants to me." 10. When Ariovistus saw the envoys sent by Caesar before him in the camp, he shouted in the hearing {Lat., presence) of his army, " Why are ye come to me *? Or is it as spies 1 " When they attempted to speak, he stopped them and cast them into chains. 11. The leading men of the Aedui came on an embassy to Caesar to implore his aid to their state in a time of sorest need : " Our position," they said, " is one of extreme peril : for whereas the usual practice has been {Lat., were accustomed to be) for one magistrate LA TIN EXERCISES. 1 19 to be elected and to exercise absolute power for a year, two are now holding office, and each asserts that he has been legally elected." 12. Caligula also formed a scheme for destroying the Homeric poems ; " For why," said he, " may not I do that which Plato was allowed to do, since he banished the poet [eum) from his ideal republic {Lat, the state which he was arranging)?" 13. Caligula was so servile in his behaviour to his grand- father and his grandfather's courtiers {Lat, those near him), that it was said, not without reason, *' No man was a better slave, or a worse master." 14. Tiberius used to say {oral, ohl.), " I shall always be as I now am (LaL, like myself), nor shall I ever change my habits as long as I retain my senses." 15. When the commons were hailing Caesar as king he replied, " I am Caesar, and not a king." 16. When Anaxagoras was on his deathbed at Lampsacus, and his/riends asked him, " Do you wish, in case any- thing happens to you, to be carried into your native land to Clazomenae V " There is no need for that,'' said he, " since the distance to Hades is exactly the same from every place (undique). " 17. When Dionysius had landed on the Peloponnesus, and paid a visit to the shrine of the Olympian Jove, he took away from the god (is) a golden mantle of great weight, remarking, " A golden mantle is oppressive in summer, and cold in winter," and he threw over him a woollen cloak, — " for that," said he, " is suitable to every season." 18. Socrates, the wisest of men, used to say, "I know nothing, except this very fact that I know nothing ; other people are ignorant of this also." 19. When Antisthenes was asked, "What gain have you derived from philosophy *? " he replied, "To be able to talk to myself." LA TIN EXERCISES. 20. Agesilaus, intending to go across Thrace, sent messengers to the king of Macedonia, to ask this question, *' Am I to go through the land of foes or friends 1 " When the king replied, " I will consider," he rejoined, " Let him consider {Lat, Let the consultation then be made) ; we in the meanwhile will continue our march." EXERCISE XCIV. j DISJUNCTIVE QUESTIONS— Ne quidem, etc. § 237. L Do you regard me as a waiting-maid or as a daughter *? 2. Does your memory fail you in this matter {Lat, have you but little memory of this), or did I not under- stand you fully ? 3. Are we talking of a commander of the Eoman people or of Hannibal % 4. Did I try to escape death at that time 1 Or was there any event which I thought more to be desired by me? 5. Is it money that makes you more haughty, or the fact that the commander asks your advice ? 6. If you are unwell (Jut), it makes no difference whether I be well or ill. 7. Is it to my advantage to return, or is it better for me to stop on here ? 8. A disgraceful life does not admit even an honourable death {Lat., leaves no room for). 9. Even to the Eomans, the victory was not without sorrow (Zaif., joyful). 10. Even at Eome the name of Caractacus was not unknown to fame. 11. Did he force you to buy, who did not even encourage you to do so ? LA TIN EXERCISES. 12. Even in that critical moment not (Lat, not even at that time) a man gave way, but all were surrounded and slain. 13. It makes no difference whether I go (venire) there now or ten years hence. 14. I will write to you at greater length, when I find more leisure. 15. There is no evil, no crime, which that woman did not wish, desire, plan, and bring about against her son i^dat), 16. Carneades never maintained an argument (rei) which he did not prove, and never opposed one which he did not upset. 17. I have always made it my first care [Lat^ laboured) to be worthy of an honour, my second to be thought worthy ; that, which with most men stands (esf) first, has ever been in the third place with me (Lat.^ third for me), — the honour itself. 18. It is also useful to make frequent practice of extempore speaking : but it (illud) is more useful, by taking time for meditation, to speak with more preparation and precision. 19. Pray tell me whether he was unwilling or unable to approach the city 1 20. I never thought there was any matter in which it made the slightest (tantulum) difference, whether you did it by agents or with your own hands (Lat., by yourself). XCV.— QENERAL SENTENCES. 1. It was on that very narrow strait which parts Europe from Asia, at the furthest extremity of Europe, that the Greeks built Byzantium. When they consulted the Pythian Apollo as to where they should found a city, the oracle replied^ that they were to seek a home 1 an oracle was returned. LATIN EXERCISES. opposite the land of the blind. This dark saying pointed to the people of Chalcedon,^ inasmuch as they, though they arrived^ there first, and saw before others the advantages of the position,^ chose the worse. 2. When Solon was asked why he had not appointed a punishment for parricide,^ he replied, " I did not sup- pose that any one would commit the crime." 3. I do not want you to tell me why Sextus Eoscius killed his father : I want you to tell me how he killed him. 4. It is said that Thales of Miletus, desiring to put those who blamed him in the wrong,^ and to prove that even a philosopher, if it suited his purpose,^ could turn an honest penny,'' bought up all the olive-planta- tions^ in the district of Miletus before they came into fiower.^ Probably he was led by some observation^^ to know that there would be an abundant crop^^ of olives. He too is said to have been the first to fore- tell an eclipse of the sun, which happened in the reign of Astyages. 5. Physicians, pilots, and farmers too, foresee many future events, and yet I do not give the name of divination to any one of their prognostications, ^^ ^q^ ^y^j^ ^q that by which Anaximander the natural philosopher warned!^ the Spartans to leave their city and their dwellings, and to keep watch in arms in the open fields, because an earthquake was at hand, that being the time when the whole city was turned into a heap of ruins. ^* 6. When Aristotle was asked what profit men get by lying,^^ 1 the Chalcedouians were pointed to by that dark saying. 2 advecti. ^ abl. abs. ^ one who killed a parent. ^ to convict his censnrers. ^ if it were an advantage to him. '^ make money. 8 singular. ^ began to flower. ^^ observed by some knowledge. 11 fertility. 12 x call no one of these divination. 13 passive. i^ fell in a heap. 1^ liars make! LA TIN EXERCISES. 1 23 he replied, " That men who speak the truth are not believed." 7. Nasica went to pay a visit to Ennius the poet. When he asked at^ the door for Ennius, a waiting-maid answered, *' He is not at home." Nasica perceived that the girl said this by her master's order, and that he was in the house. A few days after Ennius paid a visit to Nasica, and asked for him at the gate. Nasica cries out, *^ He is not at home." Then Ennius said, ** How ? do I not know your voice *? " Nasica replied, " You are an impudent fellow. When I asked for you, I believed your maid when she told me that you were not at home ; do you not believe me when I tell you myself?" 8. Cato was hit by a slave carrying a chest, and the man cried out, " Have a care ! " whereupon Cato asked him whether he was carrying anything besides the chest. 9. Spurius Carvilius limped terribly from a wound received in the service of the state, and for that reason was ashamed to appear in public. His mother said to him,^ " Why do you not go out, dear Spurius, so that at every step you take, the remembrance of your glorious deeds may come into your thoughts 1 " ^ 10. A common* soldier in the Theban army having caught sight of the Spartans approaching through a narrow pass in the hills, said to Pelopidas, '' We have fallen among the enemy." " Eather say," he replied, " they have fallen among us." 11. When Themistocles was asked whether he had rather be Achilles or Homer, he replied, " Tell me first whether you would rather be a victor in the Olympic games or the herald who proclaims the victors." 1 from. 2 to Spurius Carvilius ... his mother said. 3 it may come into your mind about your glorious deeds {genitive). 4 quispiam. OF T'HE 1 24 LA TIN EXERCISES. 12. On the arrival of Cicero in the camp of Pompey, they said to him, " You have come late." " Not at all late," he replied, ^^for I see nothing ready here as yet." 13. It was the habit of Augustus rarely to refuse an invita- tion 1 to a banquet. On one occasion ^ he was enter- tained with a very scanty and quite commonplace ^ dinner. On taking leave of his host,* he just whis- pered in his ear, ^^I did not think we were such intimate friends." 14. Quintus Scaevola asked that the selling price of a farm, which he wanted to buy,^ might be named ^ to him. When the vendor complied with his request, he said, " I think it is worth more," and he increased the price by '' a hundred thousand sesterces, 15. Livius Salinator, after losing Tarentum, still kept the citadel, and fought many brilliant ^ fights. A few years after Fabius Maximus retook that town. Sali- nator begged him to remember that he had retaken Tarentum by his assistance. " How can I help remembering that ^" said Maximus ; " I never should have retaken it, unless you had lost it." 16. Spurinna the soothsayer warned Gains Caesar to be on his guard against a great peril which would not ex- tend 9 beyond the Ides of March. As Caesar was on his way to the senate on that day, he chanced to meet Spurinna, and addressed him thus : " How say you now % Have not the Ides of March come % " *^ They have come," he replied, " but they have not gone." 17. As Spartacus was setting out with all his troops to meet CrassuSji'^ a man offered him a horse as a gift. But ' one inviting. * by a certain man. ^ almost daily. ^ when he was dismissed by his entertainer. ^ was a buyer. ^ to name the selling price = semel indicare. ^ added to the price. 8 adverb. ^ be prolonged. i<* moving all his forces to Crassns . LA TIN EXERCISES, 125 he said, "If I win the day, I shall have horses in abundance from the enemy ; and, if I am beaten, this horse ^ will be of no service to me." So saying he plunged his sword into the horse and killed it.^ 18. As the court 3 was considering what punishment^ Socrates deserved, " I," said he, " am of opinion that for my acts I deserve to be maintained at the public expense^ in the Prytaneum." This was an honour usually paid to those who had done eminent service to the state. 19. Augustus died in the very same chamber in which his. father Octavius died, in the consulship of Sextus Pompeius and Sextus Appuleius, on the 19th of August, at 3 P.M. He was seventy-six years of age, within thirty-five days. 20. Charillus was asked how it was that Lycurgus had made so few laws for the Spartans. " Because," he replied, "men who talk but little require but few laws." 21. When Xenophon asked Socrates to advise him whether he should follow Cyrus, " My advice," he replied, " is but that of a man : on matters of doubt and uncer- tainty I hold that we should refer to Apollo." 22. The enemy, being vanquished in the fight, had no sooner returned from their flight than they sent envoys without delay to Caesar to treat for peace. They promised to give hostages, and to carry out all his commands. 23. Cato believed that one who could talk like honest men,^ could also act like them. 24. A painter who had a commission to paint a horse roll- ing,'' painted the horse running. When the man who gave him the commission complained of this, the ^ nee hie. ^ slew the horse, pierced through with his sword. ^ judges. 4 diseeptare inter se. ^ publieitus. ^ imitate the speeeh. '' had received a horse to be painted with the appearance of one rolling. 1 26 LA TIN EXERCISES, painter said, with a smile, " Turn the picture upside down." When this was done the horse seemed to be rolling and not running. 25. Socrates was told that a certain person gave him a bad character. 1 " Doubtless," said he to his informer, **the man has not learnt to speak properly." 26. Caecilius Metellus was planning an attack with his army on a strong position. ^ A centurion said to him, " If you are willing to sacrifice the lives of but ten men, you will take the place." Thereupon Metellus asked him whether he was willing to be one of the ten. 27. Cato used to say, " Fools are more useful to wise men^ than wise men to fools : for wise men, by* easily per- ceiving the mistakes of fools, and avoiding them, become more wary ; whereas it is not so with fools,^ inasmuch as they do not see that they can imitate the sage conduct of the wise." 28. King Archelaus invited Socrates to his court, and offered him many inducements. The answer of Socrates was : " I do not like to visit a man from whom I am to receive favours, without being able to make him a return."^ 29. Cato used to compare the Eoman people to a flock of sheep, which obey^ no particular shee'p^ but follow the leader of the whole flock. " Thus you," said he, " allow yourselves, when assembled here, to be driven and led by these men, from whom not one of you would ask advice in private life."^ (Relative clause first.) 30. Cato, observing that many persons had statues erected in 1 speak ill of. 2 to move his army on a fortified place. 3 confer more advantage on. ^ dum. ^ at stnltos non item. ^ to give back equal /a^owrs to him. ^ obtempero. « summon to counsei privately. LA TIN EXERCISES. 127 their honour, ^ remarked, " I would rather men should ask in my case why no statue has been put up in honour of Cato, than that they should ash why one has been put up to him." 31. When the fortifications of the camp were finished, C. Sulpicius Gallus, a tribune of the second legion, who had been praetor the year before, obtained the con- sul's permission to collect the soldiers in assembly, and made this announcement to them -? ** To-night — and let no one^ regard it as a prodigy — the moon will be eclipsed from the second hour to the fourth. As this happens in the course of nature at fixed times, it can be known beforehand and predicted." On the night preceding the 4th of September the moon was eclipsed at the hour named, and the Eoman soldiers thought * the wisdom of Gallus almost divine. Upon the Macedo- nians, on the other hand, it had the eft*ect of ^ a dismal portent, foreboding the fall of their kingdom and the ruin of their nation ; nor did their prophets explain it otherwise. 32. Envoys from many states of Greece and Asia arrived at Rome at the same time. The first that had audience^ were the Athenians. They represented that they had sent what ships and soldiers they had to the consul Publius Licinius, and the praetor Caius Lucretius, who did not think proper to employ these forces, but ordered^ them to furnish one hundred thousand mea- sures of corn. Notwithstanding the sterility of their soil,^ and that they fed even the farm-labourers with imported grain, yet, that they might not fail in their duty, they had made up that quantity, and were statues of many were erected. ^ pronuntiare. ^ iie quis. Historic Infinitive. ^ moveo ut. ^ ^^ere introduced, which they not having used ordered, though they were ploughing a barren land. 128 LA TIN EXERCISES. ready to perform ^ any other services that might be required of them. 33. The year was remarkable for drought and dearth. It is on record that not a drop of rain fell^ for six months. In that year also, while the labourers on the farm of Lucius Petillius the notary, at the foot of Janiculum, were turning up the soil somewhat deeper than usual, two stone chests were found, each about eight feet long and four wide, having lids soldered down ^ with lead. Each chest had an inscription in Latin and in Greek, io the effect that in one Numa Pompilius, king of Eome, was buried, and that the books of Numa Pompilius was deposited in the other. 34. A few days after this the Celtiberians pitched their camp about two miles from that place, at the foot of a hill. When the Eoman commander observed their approach, he sent his brother Marcus Fulvius with two squad- rons of the cavalry of the allies towards the camp of the enemy to reconnoitre. He was ordered to ap- proach as close as he could to the intrenchment, that he might observe the size of the camp, to avoid a battle, and to retire in case he saw the cavalry of the enemy sallying forth. He carried out these orders.* 35. Licinius Mucianus held Syria with^ four legions. He was a man equally notorious in prosperity and in adversity. In his youth he had eagerly courted the friendship of the great ; afterwards, when his fortunes were broken, and his position unsafe, when he also suspected that Claudius was angry with him, he was sent away^ to a remote part of Asia, and he was as little removed from being an exile as he was afterwards from being an emperor. His character was a mixture^ of self- 1 praestare. ^ It has been handed to memory that it never rained. 3 bound fast. ■* he did as it had been directed. 5 and. * put aside. ^ mixtus. LA TIN EXERCISES, 1 29 indulgence, application, courtesy, and pride, of bad and good qualities : too much addicted to pleasure in his leisure hours,^ under press of business ^ his virtues were great. His public conduct was praiseworthy ;^ his private life* had a bad repute. But with those under his rule, with those about his person,^ and with his colleagues, he had great influence^ by his many winning ways,^ and he was one for whom it would have been more easy^ to hand the empire to another than to get it ^ f(yr himself. 36. When Antiochus the Great, king of Asia, after being vanquished by Scipio, had been ordered to confine his dominions within the limits of Mount Taurus,i^ and had lost the whole of our present province of Asia,ii he was wont to say (prat obi.), "The Eoman people have dealt kindly with me, in that I have been relieved of too great a charge, and am left with^^ a kingdom of moderate dimensions." ^^ 37. But as Eegulus deserves praise for keeping his oath, so those ten men, sent by Hannibal to the senate after the battle of Cannae (they having taken an oath that, if they should fail to obtain^* the ransom of the prisoners, they would return to the camp which the Carthaginians had won), are blameworthy, supposing that they did not return. 38. Hannibal had in his hands 8000 men. He had not taken them prisoners in the battle, nor had they escaped from the peril of death ; but they had been left in the camp by the consuls Paulus and Varro. 1 excessive pleasures when he was at leisure. 2 as often as he had business. ^ you would commend him publicly. 4 secreta. ^ nearest. ^ powerful. '' various allurements. ^ expeditius. » obtain. 1^ to reign up to Taurus. ^^ this Asia which is now our province. 12 utor. ^^ moderate limits of a kingdom. !■! unless they succeeded with regard to. S.L.E.] I I30 LA TIN EXERCISES. The senate did not think it right that these men should be ransomed, though it would have cost but a small sum. The reason was that our soldiers should feeP that they must conquer or die. 39. It is a well-known fact that Olympias gave birth to Alexander on the night in which the temple of Diana of Ephesus was burnt to the ground, and that when day was breaking the Magi cried out, "Last night the plague and destroyer ^ of Asia was born." 40. Dionysius, after plundering the shrine of Proserpine at Locri, was sailing to Syracuse. As he sped along ^ on his course with a fair wind, "Do you see, my friends," said he, " how favourable a voyage is granted by the immortal gods to the robbers of temples ]" 41. Yet indeed so crabbed and hard to please are we, that Demosthenes himself is not good enough* for us ; for though he is pre-eminent above all in every kind of oratory, yet he does not always satisfy my ear.^ 42. Publius Scipio, who first gained the name of Africanus, was wont to say, as we learn from the writings of Cato,^ who lived about the same time (prat. oU.), "I am never less at leisure^ than when I am at leisure, and never less alone than when I am alone." 43. Themistocles was consulted by a friend whether he should give his daughter in marriage to a worthy man who had but little money, or to a wealthy man who had but an indifferent character. " I," said he, " would rather have a man without money than money with- out a man." 44. In that engagement seventy-four of our cavalry fell,^ 1 it might be implanted in. ^ destruction. 3 tenere. * satisiies. ^ fill my ears. 6 Gato who . . . has written that Pub. Scipio. ... ^ otiosus. 8 interficiuntur. LA TIN EXEJ^CISES. 131 and among them the brave Aquitanian, Piso. He was a man of very good family, for his grandfather had exercised kingly power ^ in his own state, and received from our senate the style of Friend. Going to the aid of his brother, who had been hemmed in by the enemy, he rescued him from danger. His horse was wounded and he was thrown to the ground. He made a stout resistance as long as he could, but at length he was surrounded, and fell after receiving many wounds. His brother, who had by this time got out of the fray, perceiving this from a distance, set spurs to his horse,^ charged the enemy, and was slain. 45. The Gauls as a nation^ are exceedingly scrupulous* in religious matters. Hence it is that they who suffer from ^dangerous diseases, and they who are engaged in fighting and perilous occupations, either offer human sacrifices or vow that they will offer them, and they employ the Druids to assist^ in such sacrifices. For they think that atonement can be made^ in no other way to the immortal gods, save by giving a human life for a human life. They have also sacrifices of the same kind appointed for the benefit of the community. "^ 46. The Druids administer the law in^ almost all disputes, public and private. If any crime has been committed, if murder has been done, if there is any dispute about succession to property or the boundaries of land, they^ decide the case. If any man, in private life or public office, does not abide by their decision, they cut him off from the sacrifices. This is with them 1 Lad obtained the kingdom. 2 in citato equo. 5 the whole nation of the Gauls. * devoted. ^ as assistants. ^ be appeased. ^ publicly. * arrange concerning. » iidem. 132 LA 7 IN EXERCISES. the most severe punishment. Men who are under this ban are deemed ungodly and wicked ; all people shun their company, none will associate or converse with them^ for fear of infection. ^ If they ask for justice it is not given,^ and they are not allowed a share in any public office.* 47. Judges are also bribed by gifts ; and for that reason, in the statutes passed in reference to extortion, punish- ment was assigned to those who received money in respect of a judicial sentence.^ Plutarch tells us that at Thebes in the olden time statues of the judges were set up in a public place, and that these statues had no hands, to indicate that the judges ought to receive nothing from any one. Moreover, the statue of the President of the Court had no eyes, because they thought that in some cases judges were diverted from a right judgment by personal appearances.^ 48. I was surprised by so long a letter in your own hand- writing, for I am well aware how inconvenient it is for you to write. Consequently, in the midst of the extreme delight that I had from the letter, the thought of your eyesight^ caused me some pain. Yet surely even this shows me clearly ^ the warmth of your affection for me, since, knowing, as you do, what intense enjoyment^ I derive from your letters, to gratify ^^ me in that way you do not spare even the eyes, which nature designed to be our dearest posses- sions. 49. It is a fine remark of Aristotle, that when a man is called a miser by some people, and a spendthrift by 1 shrink from their approach and speech. 2 lest they receive some harm from contagion. ^ redditur. 4 nor is any honour communicated to them. ^ forjudging a case. 6 by the very sight of persons. ^ that which I tliought about your eyes. 8 by this is seen clearly. ^ suavitas. i" explere. LA TIN EXERCISES, 133 others, the natural inference is^ is that he is a gener- ous fellow. 60. It is one thing to write biographies and another to write a history. The biographer describes carefully and minutely a man's domestic life, his behaviour to his wife, his children, his intimate friends, his guests, his mode of living and his style of dress. ^ The historian either omits all these matters, or touches on them lightly and cautiously, as accessories to his main business;^ in pursuance of his chief object^ he dis- cusses matters of public interest only. This we may learn from Plutarch himself, who, even while writing the lives of eminent men, tells us that he is not waiting history^ 51. At the same time the centurion L. Fabius and the men who had scaled the wall with him were surrounded, slain, and cast headlong from the walL M. Petreius, a centurion of the same legion, tried to cut his way through the gates. Overpowered by numbers, and despairing of his own life,^ for he had already received many wounds,^ he cried to the men of his company ^ who had followed him, " Since I cannot save you and myself at the same time, I am determined to take thought for your safety,^ seeing that in my eagerness to win renown^ I have led you into danger. When the chance presents itself, take thought for your- selves." Saying this he dashed into the midst of the enemy, struck down two of them, and pushed the others a little way from the gate. His men tried to relieve him, but he cried, "It is in vain that you attempt to save my life, for my blood and strength 1 it serves as an argument. ^ what food and dress of the body he used. 3 as an accession, as though doing another thing. ^ of set purpose. 5 despairing for himself. ^ abl. abs. 7 manipulares. 8 at least I will surely take thought for your life. 8 led on by desire for fame. 134 LATIN EXERCISES, are failing; therefore get away while you have the chance, and return to the legion." So fighting on after a while he fell and saved his men. 52. When Caesar was informed of their plans he led his army to the river Thames within the territory of Cassivellaunus. This river can be crossed on foot in one place only, and there with difficulty. On his arrival at the spot he perceived that a large force of the enemy was drawn up on the opposite bank, that the bank had been strengthened by sharp stakes pointed towards the stream, ^ and that stakes of the same construction 2 beneath the water were hidden by the current. Caesar learnt these arrangements from the prisoners and deserters, and sending forward his cavalry in haste he ordered the legions to follow close after them. But the soldiers pressed on with such speed and spirit, though they had nothing but their heads above water, that the enemy, unable to sustain the attack of the legions and the cavalry, forsook the bank and fled.^ 53. "When they heard the shouts in the rear, the Germans, seeing their countrymen cut down, threw away their arms, forsook their colours, and rushed out of the camp. When they reached the junction of the Moselle and the Ehine, further flight being hopeless, and many of them having been slain, the rest plunged headlong into the stream and perished there, over- powered by fear, by exhaustion, and by the force of the current. Our own troops, without the loss of a single man — very few were wounded — returned to their camp. 54. For a long time the phalanx was cut down in front, on the flanks, and in the rear. At last the men who had escaped from the hands of the enemy, fleeing without 1 praefixis. ^ Ywi^. ^ comnjitted themselves to flight. LA TIN EXERCISES, 135 their arms to the sea, some even entering the water, stretched out their hands to those on board ^ the fleet, and humbly begged their lives. Then perceiving boats hastening towards them 2 on all sides from the shipsj and supposing they were coming to pick them Up) rather to capture than to kill them, they advanced further^ some of them even swimming, into the water. But when the men in the boats cut them down as enemies^^ all who were able swam back again to landj^ and fell into a diflferent and more terrible form of destruction,^ for the elephants, urged by their drivers to the beach, trod them down and crushed them as they came ashore {Lat., coming out). 55* When I hear those people complain of the obscurity of Tacitus, I consider how ready men are to shift their own faults on other persons, and how easily they fasten blame on anything but themselves.^ I remem- ber, too, the story, so pleasantly told by Seneca,'' of an old gentleman whOj when his eyesight was failing by natural decay ,^ on coming into a room was wont to say, "This room is badly lighted: the windows should have been made larger." I have a friend of my own — long may I have him ! — one of the most learned men of the day^ so old, that at this time, to use Juvenal's phrase, he is almost counting his years with his right hand. When he had become some- what deaf through age, he often complained to me in sober earnestness of a bad habit that was coming into vogue, for people to talk in a lower voice now-a-days than they used. 1 in. 2 concurrere. 3 they were cut down in hostile fashion from tlie boats. 4 seeking the land again by swimming back. ^ more foul plague. ^ how much more easily they blame all other things rather i\\SiU themselves. ■^ about whom (masc.) Seneca narrates wittily. ^ used his eyes less conveniently through the fault of age. 136 LA TIN EXERCISES. 56. Now if any one supposes that under the very worst ^ emperors men of eminent virtue did not flourish, he is greatly mistaken. Germanicus, not to mention the rest, lived in the reign of Tiberius, and I hold that no one even of the famous Eomans of old was supe- rior ^ to Germanicus in every kind of excellence. Seneca lived under Claudius, and though perhaps no one was equal to Seneca, yet many were like him. The age of Nero had many whose virtue his vices could scarcely rival. 57. As on the top of Aetna, where the fire bums most fiercely, men tell us that the grass in its vicinity is also most luxuriant, as though nature had a struggle with her- self, and was unwilling that the productiveness of the soil should be mastered by the heat of the neighbour- ing flames, so where the greatest vices are dominant, the greatest virtues generally break forth to fight against them,^ and, though they may be unable to get the mastery, yet not to allow their foes to triumph* without a struggle. 58. When Caractacus stood before the tribunal he spoke as follows : — " Had my moderation in^ prosperity been equal to my rank and fortune, I should have visited this city rather as a friend than as a captive : nor wouldst thou have disdained to receive under a treaty of peace a man of high lineage, the ruler of many nations. My present condition is as glorious to thee as it is degrading to me. I had horses, men, arms, wealth : is it to be wondered at that I was unwilling to part with them*?^ Though you Romans desire universal empire,^ it does not follow that all men will accept slavery. Had I been handed over ^ at once as ' most corrupt. 2 i hold-superior = I prefer. 3 to take up a contest with tliem. ^ grant a triumph to their foes. ^ genitive. ^ lost them unwillingly. "^ to rule all men. ^ imperfect past. LA TIN EXERCISES. 137 a prisoner, neither my fortune nor your fame would have been conspicuous, and oblivion would follow my punishment : whereas if you keep me unhurt, I shall be an everlasting monument of clemency." There- upon Caesar granted pardon to him, his wife, and his brothers. 59. Porsena, being repulsed in his first attempt, changed his plan of assaulting the city into a blockade, ^ and having placed a garrison in Janiculum, he pitched his own camp in the plain on the banks of the Tiber. He collected ships from all quarters,^ to serve as^ a guard, that he might stop the conveyance of corn* to Eome, and also that he might, as opportunities arose, carry his soldiers over the river in different places to forage. 60. By far the most important and most toilsome of all the works was a mine that they began to drive ^ into the enemy's citadeL To provide against the interruption of this work, and also to guard against^ the exhaus- tion of the same men by constant subterraneous toil, Camillus divided the pioneers into six parties : six hours were assigned to each in succession for the work : and they never ceased working^ by night and by day till they made a way into the citadel. 61. The poets never introduce the augur Tiresias, whom they represent as a wise man, bewailing his blindness ; but, on the other hand,^ Homer, having conceived Polyphemus as savage and brutal, goes so far as to represent ^ him conversing with a ram, and praising {infin.) the good fortune of the animal, who could walk whithersoever he would, and could touch what- 1 abl. abs. 2 abl. abs. 3 both as . . . and. 4 not to allow any corn to be convej^ed. ^ began to be driven. ^ neu. 7 it was never dropped. 8 ut vero. 9 even represents. 138 LATIN EXERCISES, ' ever he pleased. The poet is right : ^ for the Cyclops himself is not a whit more sensible than the ram. 62. Departing from Italy, I sailed with the fleet ^ from Brun- disium at sunrise : at the ninth hour I reached ^ Corcyra with my whole squadron. On the fifth day after I offered sacrifice to Apollo at Delphi, in behalf of myself, of your armies and fleets. On the fifth day after leaving Delphi I arrived in the camp, and there, having taken the command of the army,* and made changes in certain arrangements, which greatly hindered success, I advanced, because the enemy's position was impregnable, and it was impossible to force the king to give battle. Marching between his garrisons, I made my way through the pass to Petra, and having compelled the king to fight, I defeated him in a pitched battle. I brought Macedonia under the Eoman power, and in fifteen days I finished a war, which ^ four of my predecessors in the consulship had conducted during a space of four years in such a way that each one handed it on to his successor^ more formidable than he found it. 63. When the enemy perceived that they were disappointed in their hope of storming the town and crossing the river, when they*^ also saw that our men did not advance to less favourable ground to give battle, and when iliey found that their supply of corn began to fail, they called a council, and determined that their best course was to return ^ each to his own home. 64. I send you a few verses. They are not very good, but just what you might expect from a man who never had a turn for poetry,^ who is now old, and who is 1 he indeed rightly. ^ solvere classem. ^ teiiere. ** accepto exercitu. ^ relative clause llrst. 6 they always delivered to the successor. 7 neque. 8 reverti. ^ ever a poet. LA TIN EXERCISES. 139 constantly occupied with business of his own and of his fdends. 65. I am longing for leisure, and when once I am able to attain it, nothing shall induce me to part with it.^ Not that I intend to give myself up to idleness, but when I have obtained relief from other cares, I intend to put a final polish,^ to the best of my ability, on many works, begun long ago, that are lying in my desk.^ But what am I about 1 why do I make so long a forecast % Perhaps death will break in on my designs.* Still, come when it may, I would rather have it find me busy than idle. Q^, The Corinthians sent an embassy to offer the freedom^ of their city to Alexander the Great. Alexander laughed at such a compliment,^ whereupon one of the envoys remarked, **You and Hercules are the only persons on whom we have conferred the freedom of our city." When the king heard this, he willingly accepted the proffered honour. 67. When King Porus, after his defeat by Alexander, was asked by that monarch at the conclusion of the fight, *^ How shall I treat you ?" he replied, " Like a king." Upon the further inquiry from Alexander,^ " Have you any other request to make V Porus replied, *^ The words * like a king ' include everything." 68. Alexander had among the prisoners of war an Indian, so famous ^ for his skill in archery, that it was even said he could shoot an arrow through a ring. The king bade him give a proof of his skill, and on his refusal ordered him to be put to death. As the man was being led to execution, he told his escort ^ that he 1 nothing shall be so important that I should allow myself to be torn away from it. 2 to complete and thoroughly polish. ^ by j^e. 4 on me meditating these plans. ^ by envoys . . . offered the freedom. 6 kind of service. '^ Alexander making the further suggestion. 8 cum primis celeber. ^ by whom he was being led. 1 40 LA TIN EXERCISES. had had no practice for many days, and therefore feared that he might miss his mark. When this was reported to Alexander, and it appeared ^ that the man had refused not from insolence but through fear of disgrace, the king, struck with admiration of his pas- sion for renown,2 released him and gave him a reward, because he deemed it better to face death than to be thought undeserving of his reputation. 69. When Aristippus was asked what profit he had derived from the study of philosophy, he replied, " The power that I have of talking freely with whom I will." 70. Aristippus, when a man asked him what advantage a good education would confer on his son, replied, " This, if nothing more, that he will not sit in the theatre as a stone upon a stone." On another occa- sion when a man,^ who thought the fee demanded for his son's tuition too large, said, " With the sum you ask I can buy myself a slave :" " No doubt you can," said Aristippus, bantering him, "if not more;* in buying one slave you will have two." 71. By justice, states^ commencing from small and humble beginnings, have in a short time attained to great power : by injustice the most flourishing and wealthy communities have in yet shorter time been utterly ruined*^ For it is not by those adamantine chains, of which the elder Dionysius was always talking,^ force and fear, that great empires are kept, but by justice and equity. And therefore wisely did the Persians deal with the eldest of the king's children, who was brought up as the heir-apparent,'' in assigning ^ to him divers ^ instructors in morality, and one in particular to teach him justice. 1 quod. 2 iiis disposition ea,a:er for renown. ^ idemque alteri. •* amplius. ^ concidere. ^ had frequently on his lips. 7 to the hope of the kingdom. ^ ^^eal in assigning = used to give, ^ alii. { TNIVERSITY j LA TIN EXERCISESS^.,,!^^^^^^.^^^ 72. When Leon, the son of Eurycratides, was asked in what city one could possibly {tandem) live with safety, " In that," he replied, "whose inhabitants have neither too much nor too little ; where justice flourishes, and injustice is weak." 73. The friends of Titus warned him that he was promising more to his petitioners than he could perform. His answer was "No man ought to depart with a sad heart ^ from an interview with Caesar." 74. When Xerxes saw the Hellespont quite covered with his ships, and all the shore crowded with men, he boasted of his happiness,^ and anon burst into tears. Arta- banus, the king's uncle, who had advised him not to make the expedition, was surprised at the sudden change, and ventured to ask the cause. Xerxes replied, " The thought struck me,^ how short human life is, seeing that of all this vast host not one will be alive a hundred years hence." 75. After the expulsion of Dionysius the younger from his kingdom one asked him what good Plato and philosophy had done* to him. {Direct) "To bear," he replied, " with equanimity^ this great reverse of fortune.'' Nor did he lay violent hands on himself, as others often do, but he opened a grammar school at Corinth. 76. I deem it almost superfluous in this place to beg you to favour me with your attention 1, ^ Surely you have come for that purpose : and just as a bath-keeper would act absurdly^ in begging people with earnest entreaties^ to take a bath when he sees they have come into his bath-house for that purpose,^ so I think 1 sad. 2 boasted that he was happy. 3 Subiit. ■* Quid profuit. ^ easily. 6 hear me attentively. ^ be ridiculous. 8 many prayers. ^ for the sake of washing. 142 LA TIN EXERCISES. it would be absurd for me^ to ask you to do that which you have met here to do. Such is the custom of public speakers, who, even when they are quite sure they will be listened to with earnest attention, ask for a favourable hearing :2 not because they think it necessary to do so, but because they think that by not doing so they have broken the rules ^ of their art. It is my duty to try to bring under your notice things worth hearing : it is yours not to allow them to flit away, but weighing each carefully, to let them sink deep* into your minds. I have taken pains to come not unprepared to perform my part of the business :^ I am sure that you too, with your usual kindness and attention, are prepared to listen to me fully and freely (Lat.^ of your own free will). 77. Even if no rewards had been held out for literature, still learning deserves to be loved for her own sake : and nothing is more disgraceful in a gentleman than ignorance of subjects, the knowledge of which cannot be acquired without the study of books. ^ The pleasure that is derived from sin soon passes away, but it leaves a lasting sorrow in the soul : whereas the pains that are bestowed on good actions,'' though soon past and gone,^ leaye in the soul a reminiscence of themselves full of the noblest and truest enjoyment. 78. I wish you would take pains to let me know^ what author you are now enjoying, whether it be Cicero, or Terence, or (as I would rather hear) both. You should also be careful to use in your letters to me the idioma- tic phrases ^0 that you have observed in your writings. 1 Ego mihi videor ridiculus fore. ^ attention. 3 have acted against the precepts. ■* penitiis demittere. ** quod est meanim partium. ^ sine litteris. 7 in rebus honestis collocatus. ^ itself indeed passes away (efFugio). 9 diligenter scribere. ^^ kinds of speaking. LA TIN EXERCISES. I43 By this means I shall be assured ^ that you have read them carefully. 79. Observe a proof of my affection for you in the fact, that though I have heard from many correspondents to-day, I have thought it my first and chief duty to reply to your letter. Do not suppose, my dear Alexander, that your own father loves you more than I do. If you ask me why I have this strong affection for you, I protest 2 that I can give you no other reason, except my belief that I have noticed in you talents of a high order, and capable, if you be so minded, of the highest achievements.^ 80. Your son left me yesterday morning, and his tutor went with him. I entertained both* to the best of my ability with kindness and attention. It seemed to me that the lad had quite got rid of the roughness which at one time threatened, in my opinion, to grow upon him.^ I must also tell you that I examined him, though not very minutely, as to his progress in his studies.^ Shall I speak without reserve ?^ I thought he knew more than his tutor. 81. As among grown-up people they lead the easiest life who are most in fear of the laws, and on the other hand they who have no fear of the laws are^ in constant dread of accusers and judges : so among boys they who are most in dread of the commands of their masters are least in dread of a flogging. 82. Pollux shared his immortality with his brother Castor, so that they died and came to life again alternately. 83. Otho reigned ninety days. Though he had lived a most 1 So that this very practice {res) may give me an assurance of your diligence in reading them. 2 ^e vivara. ^ natum ad omnia summa. * both were cared for. 5 I was slightly-fearful lest it should increase with age. 6 I tried what progress {j>l.) he had made in letters. 7 Would you have me talk openly with you ? 8 versor. 14^ LA TIN EXERCISES, abandoned life,i he died with great honour, and he laid down most nobly the government which he had most foully 2 usurped. 84. It is far better and far more in accordance with justice that one should die for many, than many for one. I for my part had rather be a Mutius or a Curtius than a Marius or a Sulla. 85. Phryxus was the son of Athamas. Being unable to endure the ungovernable temper of his stepmother Nephele,^ he fled and was accompanied by his sister Helle. They took with them a beautiful ram with a golden fleece, and having no ship at their command* they tried to cross the Hellespont seated on the animal's back.^ Helle fell into the sea, and gave her name to the Hellespont : Phryxus arrived safely in Colchis at the court of Aeetes, the father of Medea. There he sacrificed the ram to Mars, and handed over his golden fleece to the king. 86. In that year also the Etrurians made preparations for war,^ in violation of the truce. But a vast army of the Gauls, making an irruption into their territory, while their attention was diverted to another quarter,^ made them suspend for a time the execution of their design.^ Thereupon, relying on money, of which they had a plentiful supply,^ they laid themselves out^^ to make the Gauls allies instead of enemies, so as to make war with the Eomans with this addition to their forces. ^1 87. It was a saying of Pliny that no book was so worthless as not to be profitable in some way or other. ^^ 1 lived in the worst way of all. ^ ^vith great criirje. 3 Nephele, a woman of most ungovernable temper (impotentissima). 4 cum nulla navis suppeteret. ^ they sat on ... to cross. 6 passive. ^ planning other things. 8 diverted them for a short time from their intention. 9 in which they had much power. i" conantur. 11 with this army added. i* in some part. LATIN EXERCISES. 145 88. At the games in the circus ^ the praetors used to present the victors with wreaths decorated with gold or silver foil, representing flowers and leaves. 89. When Xerxes was informed of the courage and also of the success of Artemisia in the sea-fight, he is said to have exclaimed (prat, ohl.), " My women have become men, and my men women." 90. Philosophers would be very handsomely rewarded if, to use the words of Theognis, as Circe by her herbs and incantations used instantaneously to transform men into brute beasts, so they by their discourses could change brutes into men, that is to say could recall human beings, scarcely to be distinguished 2 from brute beasts, from vice to virtue, from madness to reason, from brutality to humanity. Yet philosophy can boast that at times she has effected some such result. She will quote the case of Polemo,^ recalled by a single lecture of Xeno crates from a life of shame and from habitual profligacy* to soberness and austerity. But as tillage is not equally efficacious in all fields, so philosophy does not produce the same effect on all minds. 91. That was a fine and wise remark of Cato, that he would rather men should ask why no statue had been erected in his honour, than that they should ask why one had been erected to him. All true philosophers are of the same way of thinking.^ They, as Aeschylus says of Amphiaraus, had rather be the best than seem to be the best. Moreover, they either refrain from seeking honours and offices, or they seek them to do good^ to others rather than to themselves. If they obtain them they do not exult : if they are rejected they are not 1 Circenses. 2 most like. 8 she will produce Polemo. * moribus perditissimis. ^ seme mind. ^ for the sake of the advantage. B.L.E.] K 146 LATIN EXERCISES. distressed in spirit, but they bear defeat with calmness and moderation ; or, if they do feel aggrieved, it is for their country ^ and not for themselves. 92. A boy, who had been educated in the house of Plato, after a time went home to his father. He saw his father break out into immoderate laughter. The boy was astonished and said, ** I never saw anything of this kind in the house of Plato." 93. Sulla, having taken the town of Praeneste, determined to put the whole body of the inhabitants ^ to the sword. He made an exception in favour of a man who had once been his host,^ wishing by this act of kindness to make a return for the hospitality he had received.* But the man nobly refused the pardon,^ saying, **I will not owe my life to the destroyer of my country :" and with these words he mingled with the crowd of his countrymen and was slain with them. 94. Scipio Africanus was anxious to be made consul,^ but he saw that his friend Pompeius favoured other candidates. He therefore gave up his canvass, saying that the consulship, even if he obtained it, would rather be burdensome and unhallowed than honour- able to him, if he won it in opposition to Pompeius. ^ He thought it better to relinquish the consulship than to lose his friend. 95. Once on a time the vulture invited the little birds to a banquet, which he proposed to give them on his birthday. When they came at the apjpointed time, he began to rend and kill them and to provide himself with a meal from the invited guests. 1 rei publicae doleiit vicem. 2 whatever there was of citizens. 3 he ordered his liost to be excepted. * imparted. 5 Lat.^ but he, on the other hand, nobly. . . . fi was eagerly seeking the consulship. 7 refragante Pompeio. LA TIN EXERCISES. 147 96. The shepherds had killed a sheep and were making a feast. The wolf perceiving this cried, "If I had seized on a lamb, what a stir there would be ! Yet these fellows are devouring a sheep without any com- plaint being made." ^ Then one of the shepherds said, " True, for we are feasting on a sheep of our own, and not on one that belongs to another." 97. They then who say that old age has nothing to do^ with the transaction of business, bring forward no valid argument.^ It is much the same as* if they were to assert that a pilot has nothing to do with the navigation of a ship, since others climb the masts, others run to and fro over the decks, others work at the pumps, while he sits quiet in the stern holding the helm. His duties may^ not be the same as those of young men : but surely they are more important and more useful.^ 98. When Epaminondas had beaten the Spartans at Mantinea, and at the same time was conscious that he was dying from a severe wound, as soon as he recovered his senses he asked whether his shield was safe. When his weeping attendants told him^ that it was safe, he asked whether the enemy was routed. When he received the answer that he desired to that question also,^ he ordered the spear by which he had been pierced to be pulled out. So with a vast gush of blood ^ he died rejoicing and victorious. ^° 99. More elephants were killed by their drivers than by the enemy. They carried an iron spike ^^ and a hammer. When the beasts became furious and began to rush 1 with impunity. 2 negant versari. 8 bring forward Nothing. * similes sunt ut si qui. 5 He may not do. ^ better. 7 answered. 8 heard that also as he desired. 9 much blood. I*' Substantives. ^^ fabrile scalprum. 148 LA TIN EXERCISES. among their own troops, the keeper, putting the spike^ between the ears just at the juncture ^ of the neck and head, drove it in with his utmost strength. This had been found to be the quickest way of despatching ^ a beast of such vast bulk, when they were past all con- trol :* and Hasdrubal was the first to direct it to be done.^ 100. When Brutus was about to enter his last battle, some tried to persuade^ him not to run so great a risk : whereupon he said, " This day all will be well, or I shall care nothing about it." 1 positura. 2 the joint in which the neck is united to the head. 3 quickest way of death. "* had overpowered hope of guiding them. ^ instituo. 6 abl. abs. VOCABULARY. Abandon, relinquo. abide by {keep)f sto. ability [to the best of my), pro meis opibus. abominable, nefarius. about (nearly), ferme, fere. absolute {power), regius. abundance, copia. abundance {to have), abundo. abundance (in), plurimus. abundant, uber. accept, sumo. accession, accessio. accompanied by, cum. accomplice, conscius. accomplish, perficio, conficio. in accordance with, ex. in accordance with justice, iustus. account, ratio. make no account of, negligo. to hand down a correct account, vewim tradere. accurately, vere. accuse, accuso. an accused man, reus. accustomed {to be), consuesco. acquire, adipiscor, consequor, com- pare. acquit, libero. act {vb.), facio. action, factum. , act of injustice, iniuria. act in such a way as ... id facio ut . . . active, impiger. actually, plane. adamantine, adamantinus. add, addo, adicio, adiungo. adder, coluber. address (words), facio (verba) cum . . . adduce, profero. admit, confiteor, fateor, concede. admonish, moneo. adopt (apian), capio. adorn, decoro, omo. advance (vb.), procedo, progredior. advance (a standard), fero. advanced (in life), aetate provectus. advantage, utilitas, usus, lucrum, bonum, commodum. it is of advantage, conducit. advantageous, utilis. advice, consilium, sententia, to give advice, monere. advise, suadeo (dat.). advise not to do, dissuadeo. advocate, advocatus. affair, res. affairs of men, res humanae. affection, amor. afflicted {to be), maereo. afraid of (to be), timeo, vereor. afterwards, deinde, postea. again, iterum, rursus. against, contra, adversus. Agamemnon, onis. age, aetas. age (generation), saeculum. agent, procurator. agency, opera. aggrieved (to feel), doleo. '50 LA TIN EXERCISES. agree, assentior [dat.), consentio de. agree with {fit in with), congruo {dat.). agreeable, amicus. agreement, pactio. aid, auxilium. aid {vh.), subvenio. akin, finitimus. alarm, metus, timor. alarm {vb.), terreo. Alban, Albanus. alive {be), supersum. all, omnis, totus. allow, sino, patior. allurements, inlecebrae. ally, socius. almost, paene or pene, fere. alone, solus. already, iam, also, etiam, quoque. altar, ara. alternately, altemis vicibus. always, semper. ambuscade, insidiae. amuse, delecto. amusement, delectatio. ancestors, maiores. anger, ira. angry, iratus. angry {to be), irascor {dat.). animal, animal. announce, nuntio. annoy, pungo, urgueo. annoyed {to be), succenseo {dat.). annual, annuus. annually, quotannis. anon, mox. another, alius, alter. answer {vb.), respondeo {dat.). anxiety, cura. any . . that might be , . , si quid {gen.) esset . . anxious for {to be), cupio, aveo. any one {excluding all), quisquam. any one {including all), quivis, quilibet. apart {to be), absum. Apennines, Apenninus. Apollo, inis. apologise, utor excusatione. apology, excusatio. appealing to, implorans. appearance, species. appear in public, in publicum pro- dire. appease, placo. apple, pomum. application {industry), industria. appoint, constituo, instituo. apprehend, comprehendo. apprehension, metus. approach, aditus. approach {vb.), accedo ad, adeo, advento, venio ad, appropinquo. approach {from below), succedo. approve, probo, approbo. Archias, ae, ae, am, a, a. archery {skill in), ars sagittandi. argument, argumentum. Arion, onis. arise, surgo. Aristotle, Aristoteles. arm {vb.), armo. arm^ {weapons), arma. arm^ {embrace), complexus, army, exercitus. arouse, excito. arrange, instituo, statuo, dispono, coUoco, paro, comparo, consti- tuo. arrange for, paro. arrange in divisions, distribuo in partes. arrangement, res, institutum. arrive, venio, pervenio. arrogant, arrogans. arrow, sagitta. art, ars. artery, arteria. as {coin), as, assis. as often as, quotiescunque. as soon as, quam primum, simul at que. ashamed {to be), verecundor. ask {invite), invito, voco. ask, peto, rogo, interrogo. asleep {to be), dormio. ass, asinus. assail, peto. assault, oppugno. VOCABULARY, iSi assemble, congrego. the senate is assembling, senatus cogitur. assembly, concio. assign, tribuo, do, attribuo. assist, iuvo. assistance, auxilium, opis (gen,), opera, auxilium. assistant, adiutor, minister, admini* ster. associate with, versor, assitage, lenio, levo. assurance, fides. astrologers, Chaldaei. astonished, admiratus, at all, omnino. at length, tandem. at once, statim. Athamas, Athamantis. Athenians, Athenienses. Athens, Athenae. attack, impetus. attack (vb.), invado. attack {vb.) (sickness), afficio, attain, pervenio. attempt, conatus. attend [the senate), esse in, attention, opera. attention {in hearing), attentio. attentively, diligenter, attente. attract, allicio. augur, augur. austerity, severitas. authority, auctoritas. authority {personal), auctor, avail one^s-self, utor. avert, averto. avoid, vito, fugio, abstineo, await {expect), exspecto. aware {to be), cognitum habeo, Back, retro. had, malus, pravus. badly, male, parum. badly {severely), vehementer. baggage, impedimenta {pi. ). ban {to be under a), interdici. band {of soldiers), agmen. banished, expulsus. banishment, exsilium. bank, ripa. bankrupt {to be), solvendo non esse. banquet, convivium. banter, iocor. barbarian, barbarus. barren, sterilis. bath-house, balneae. bath-keeper, balneator. battalion, cohors. battering-ram, aries. battle, proelium, pugna. a pitched battle, acies. battle-array {army in), acies. beach, litus. bear, fero. / cannot bear, aegre fero. beard, barba. beast, bellua. beast of burden, iumentum. beat {overcome), supero, vinco. beautiful, pulcher, eximius. become, fio. bed, lectus, cubile. bed-chamber, cubiculum. befall, incido {dat.). beg, peto, oro, rogo. beggar, mendicus. begin, ordior, incipio, inchoo, in- stituo. beginning, principium. in behalf of, pro. behold, aspicio. believe, credo {dat.), confido. belief {in my), quod videor mihi. belonging to another, alienus. beneficial, utilis. benefit, beneficium. to confer a benefit, ^vo^um.. bent, curvus. besides, praeter. besiege, obsido or obsideo. best {to do my), quantum eniti pos- sum. bestow, largior, offero, confero. betake, confero. betray, prodo. betray {one^s feelings), indico. better, melior. to be better than, vinco. 152 LA TIN EXERCISES. bewailf deploro, fleo de. hid {command), iubeo, impero. bind, oblige, vincio, obstringo. biographies, vitae. bird, avis. little bird, avicula. birthday, dies natalis. blame, culpa. blame {vb.), reprehendo. blameworthy, vituperandus. blemish, macula. blessed, fortunatus. blind, caecus. blindness, caecitas. blocJc up, saepio, obsido. blockade (vb.), saepio, obsaepio. blood-stained, cruentus. blot, labes. blue, caeruleus. blunder, error. blunt {vb.), obtundo. boar, aper. boast, iactor, glorior. boat, scapha. body, corpus. body {marching), agmen. Boeotians, Boeoti. bold, audax. bond-slave {to be a), servire servi- tutem. book, liber. booty, praeda. borders {of country), fines. born, natus. both, ambo. bough, ramus. bound {tied), vinctus. boundaries, fines. bountifid, liberalis. bow, arcus. boy, puer. brave, fortis. bravely, fort iter. break, frango. break down {a bridge), interrumpo. brexik up {a camp), moveo. break forth, erumpo. break in on, intervenio {dat.). bribe, corrumpo {pecunia). through bribes, propter pecuniam. bribery, ambitus. bridge, pons. briefly, breviter. brilliant, praeclarus. bring, duco, fero. bring up, addtico. bring up {rear), edtico. bring one's-sel/to think, induco. bring under notice, adfero. bring forward, adfero. bring under, redigo. bring about, efficio. bring back, refero. / broken {fortunes), adtriiua. brother, frater^ brushwood, virgulta {pi.). brutal, ferus. brutality, immanitas. brute beasts, ferae, pecudes. build {a bridge), facio. build {a city), condo. build {a house), aedifico. building, aedificium. bulk, moles. burdensome, molestus. burn, uro, concremo. burnt to the ground {to be), defla- grare. bury, sepelio. business, negotium, res. to have urgent business, expedio. busy, occupatus. but that, nisi. buy, emo. buy up, coemo. buyer, emptor. Caesar, aris. calf, vitulus. call, voco. call to witness, testor. call to mind, commemoro, recordor. call on for advice, adhibeo ad con- silium. calmly, moderate, placate. with such calmness, ita moderate. calumny, invidia. camp, castra {pi.). campaign, militia, bellum. candidate, candidatus. VOCABULARY. 153 candidate^ to he a, peto. censurerj obiurgator. Cannae {battle of), pugna Cannen- centurion, centurio. sis. Ceres, -eris. canton, vicus. certain, certus. canvass, petitio. certain {indefinite), quidam. cape {headland), promontorium. it is certain, constat. Capitol, Capitolium. chain, vinculum, catena. captive, captus. Chalcedonians, Chalcedonii. capture {vb.), capio. Capua {people of), Campani. chance {opportunity), facultas. change, mutatio. care, cura. change, {vb.), muto, converto, facio to take care, euro. ex. carefully, diligenter. characteristic {adj.), proprius. carelessness, imprudentia. charge, crimen. carelessness {culpable), nequitia. charge {business), procuratio. carriage, rheda. charge {exhort), hortor. carry, porto, veho, affero. to charge {the enemy), se offerre. carry back, refero. charioteer, auriga. charm {vb.), delecto. cain-y {a sword), habeo. carry out, perfero, conficio. charming, dulcis. carry on {war, etc.), gero, duco, chase {vb.), ago. perficio. cheat {vb.), fallo, fraudo. Carthage, Carthago, -inis. check {vb. ), tardo. Carthaginians, Carthaginienses, cheerfully, acriter. Poeni. cherish, foveo, alo. Carthaginian {adj.), Punicus. chest {box), area. case, causa. chief, princeps. case {statement), res. chief {highest), summus. in my case, de me. chiefly, potissimum. cast out, proicio. child, infans. cast {into prison), conicio. children, liberi. cast down, deicio. Cicero, -onis. cast headlong, praecipito. citadel, arx. cat, feles. citizen, civis. catch, capio, comprehendo, pre- city, urbs. hendo. city {adj. ), urbanus. Catiline, Catilina. city-walls, moenia. Cato, -onis. clashing, sonitus. cattle, pecus, -6ris. class, ordo. cause, causa. clear, clarus. cause {vb.), facio. clear {vb.), purgo. cause annoyance, male habere. clearly, baud dubie. caution {to use), caveo. cleverly, sapienter. cautiously, modice. climb, scando. cavalry, eques or equites, equitatus. cloak, pallium. cease, desisto, desino, finem facio. close {vb.), claudo. celestial, divinus. close to {to be), contingo. Celtiberians, Oeltiberi. close at hand {to be), appeto. censor, censor. close {confined), arctus. censure {vb.), reprehendo. close connection, coniunctio. 154 LA TIN EXERCISES. cloud, nubes. condemn, damno, condemno. coast, ora. condition, fortuna, status, sors. Colchis, -idis. conditions {of peace), condiciones. cold, frigiis. on any other condition, aliter. cold {adj.), gelidus, frigidus. on condition that, sub ea condi- colleague, collega. cione ut. . , , collect, conduce, coUigo, accio. conduct {vb.), duco. collect {in assembly), voco. confer {bestow), affero, dono. college, collegium. conference, colloquium. colony, colonia. confidence, fides. colours {of a regiment), signa mill- confidence {to have), credo {dat.). taria. confidently, audacter. combatant, bellator. confine, include. non-combatant, imbellia, congratulate, gratulor {dat. ). come, venio. conquer, vinco, subigo, -egi. come out, exeo. conscience, conscientia. come into vogue, inolesco. conscious of {to be), video. come to life again, revivisco, consider {weigh), delibero, consulto, come down, degredior. discepto. come up to, accedo ad. consider {think), arbitror, puto, command, imperium, iussum. QOgito. command {vb.), impero. considerable time, aliquamdiu. to be in command of, duco. consolation, solg,tium, consolatio. commxinder, dux, imperator, prae- conspicuous {to b$come)^ inclaresco. tor. constant, continuus. commence, ordior, coorior. constantly, assjdue, semper, saepe. commencement, principium. constellation, astrum. commend, laudo. constraint, necessitas. commit, facio, admitto. construct, struo. common, communis. construct {a road, campt etc.), munio, commons, plebs. facio. communicate, commumco. consul, consul. community, ci vitas. consular, consularis. companion, comes. consulship, consulatus. compare, confero, compare. consult, consulo. compassion {to have), misereor. consult for {seek), quaere. compel, cogo. consultation, consultatio. complain, queror, indignor. consummate, summus. complete {vb.), absolvo. contagion, contagio. complete {a building), exstruo, contain, habeo. compose {plays), facio. contemporary, aequalis. comprehend, intelligo. comprehension, intelligentia. contempt {treat with), contemno. ^ content it should be so, id patior compulsion, necessitas, vis. facile. comrade, commilito. contest, certamen. conceal, abdo, occulto, tego. contest {vb. ), contendo. concealed, abditus. contract {vb.), iungo. conceive, fingo. conveniently, commode. conceive a scheme, ineo consilium. conversation, sermo. conclude, perficio. converse {vb.), cellequor. ' VOCABULARY, 155 convey {corn), subveho. convict, condemno. convict [prove wrong), convinco, copy, exemplum. Corinth, Corinthus. Corinthians, Corinthii, corn, frumentum. corpse, cadaver. corrupt, corruptus. couch, lectus. counsel, consilium. count, computo. countenance, vultus. country [native), patria. country [state), res publiqa. country [district), ager. fellow-countrymenf qives, popu- lares, in the country, ruri. country -districts, agri. courage, virtus. courageous, fortis. course, curaus. course of nature, ordo naturalis, court [of justice), iudicium» court [pay attention to), colo. courtesy, humanitas, comitas. cover [vb. ), operio. covered [with ships), constatug, covetousness, avaritia. cow, vacca. coward, ignavus, timidus, coiuardly [adj,), ignavus. cowardice, ignavia. crabbed, morosus. crane, grus. crafl, calliditas. creature, animal. credible, credibilis. creditable [to be), esse honori, glorio- sus. creep, serpo. crestfallen, humilis. crime, scelus, facinus, flagitium. crisis, tempestas. cross [vb. ), traicio, -ieci, transmitto, transeo. crops, fruges. crowd, turba. crowd of visitors, celebritas. crowded, refertus, crucify, in crucem sufferre, cruel, crudelis. cruelly, crudeliter, crush, opprimo, elido. cry out, clamo, clamito, Ctesiphon, -ontis, cultivate, colo, cunning, calliditas. current, flumen. custom, mos, cousuetudo. cut, seco. cut hair or beard, tondeo. cut off, suffero, excipio. cut off [by interdict), interdico, cut down, caedo, interficio. cut one^s way through, excido» Daily, cotidianus. dance [vb)., salto, danger, periculum, discrimen. dangerous [disease), gravior. dare, audeo. daring, audacia. dark saying, ambage [abl. ). darkness, tenebrae. dart, iaculum, telum. dash in, irruo, irrumpo. dated [as a letter), datus. daughter, filia, day, dies. day and night, noctes diesque. in the days when . . . iisdem temporibus, quibus. . . . day is breaking, lucere caepit. daybreak, lux. about daybreak, sub lucem. at daybreak, prima luce. with the dawn of day, prima luce. daylight, lux. in the daytime, interdiu. dead man, mortuus. deaf, surdus. somewhat deaf, surdaster. deal kindly, benigne facio. dear, earns. dearth, inopia frugum. time of dearth, caritas. death, nex, mors, interitus. debar, impedio. OF TFIK 156 LATIN EXERCISES. debauchery, luxuria. deserve, mereor. deceitful, fallax. design, consilium. deceitfulness, fraus. design [vb.), volo. deceive, decipio, fallo. desire, studium, cupiditas, voluntas. deception, furtum. desire [vb. ), opto, cupio, volo. decide, decerno. more to be desired, potior. decision, arbitrium, iudicium. despair [vb. ), despero. come to a decision, decerno. despise, spemo, contemno. deck {vb. ), orno. desponding, abiectus. decks, fori. destiny, fatum. declare {war), indico. destroy, deleo, aboleo. declare [intention), ostendo. destroyer, exstinctor. decline [refuse), recuso. detach, avoco. decorate, orno, decoro. deter, deterreo. decorated, insignis. determine, instituo, decerno. decree, decretum. devoid, expers. deed, factum. devoid of [to be), vaco. deem, iudico. devote, voveo, devoveo, offero. deep, altus. devote [to give), do. defence, praesidium. devoted, deditus. in defence of, pro. devour, comedo. defend, defendo, tutor, protego. dictator, dictator. defender, defensor. die, morior, mortem obeo, exani- defer, differo. mor. deficient [to he), desum. die (emphatic), emorior. defile [vb. ), poUuo. differ from, dissentio cum. degradation, infamia. difference, diversitas. degrading, turpis, informis. difficulty, difficultas. delay, mora. with difficulty, aegre. to delay in departing, tardius diffuse [vb.), diffundo, distribuo. proficisci. dignity, maiestas. delight, voluptas. dignity [of a man), dignitas. delightful, iucundus. diligence, industria, diligentia. deliver up, trado. dinner, cena. Delphi, Delphi [pL). dii^ect, rego, dirigo, moderor, prae- demand [vb.), posco. cipio, instituo. deny, nego. depart, discedo, abscedo, proficis- direction [command), mandatum. disappoint, fallo. cor. disaster, calamitas. departure, discessus. with disastrous results, magna depend, pendeo. deposited [to be), inesse. cum clade. discipline, disciplina. depreciate, minuo. discover, invenio. deprive, privo. discoverer, inventor. to be deprived of, careo. discreet, modestus. derive, capio, haurio. discussion, disceptatio. describe [in detail), expono. disdain [vb. ), dedignor. describe [in writing), scribo. disease, morbus. desert [vb.), desero. disgrace, turpitudo, ignominia, deserter, perfuga. dedecus. VOCABULARY, IS? disgraceful^ turpis. draw near, prope accedo. disgracefully, flagitiose. dread {vb.), timeo, metuo, perti- disgusting^ foedus. mesco. dishonesty turpis. dream, somnium. dismal, tristis. dress, vestis, cultus. dismiss, dimitto. dress {a wound), foveo. disposition, indoles, natura, in- drink, potio. , genium. drinh {vb. ), bibo, poto. dispute, discordia, controversia. drive, ago, pello. disquietude, sollicitudo. drive ashore, defero. distance {at a), procul. distant {to be), absum. drive {banish), eicio. drive in, adigo. distinguish, distinguo. drive out, eicio. distress, miseriae {pi.). driver, rector. distress {vb.), fatigo. drop, gutta. distressed {to be), angor. drop {give up), omitto. distressing, gravis. drought, siccitas. disturbance, dissensio. drowned at sea, perire in man. disturbed, perturbatus. Druids, Druides. ditch, fossa. due {to be), deberi. divert {turn away), averto. duty, officium. divide, divido, distribuo. dwell in, incolo, habeo. divination, divinatio. dwell on {a subject), commoror. divine, divinus. dwell {live), vivo. do, facio, ago, gero. do you mean to say ? numne ? Each, singuli. dog, canis. eager, avidus. dolphin, delphinus. eager for, studiosus. domestic economy, tueri rem fami- to be eager, gestio, aveo. > liarem. eagerly, avide, ambitiose. dominant {to be), dominor. eagle, aquila. door, ianua, fores, ostium. ear, auris. at the door, ab ostio. earnest desire, studium. double {a cape), flecto. earnestness, contentio, studium. doubt {vb.), dubito. earth, terra. no doubt, certe, sane. earth-work, agger. / doubt whether, nescio an. earthquake, terrae motus. / cannot doubt, mihi non est ease, otium. dubium. to enjoy one^s ease, otiosus esse. doubtful, obscurus, dubius. easy, facilis. doubtless, nimirum. easy {life, in), securus. downcast, perculsus. at ease, otiosus. drag, traho. eclipse, defectio. draught, haustus. to be eclipsed, deficere. draw, traho. educate, edtico. draw water, haurio. effect {vb.), efficio. draw {furrow), duco. geminate, mollis. draw {up army), instruo. egg, ovum. draw bach, recipio. Egypt, Aegyptus. draw off, detraho. Egyptians, Aegyptii. 158 LA TIN EXERCISES. elder {brother), maior. elect {consul f dictator) , crSO. elephant, elephantus. elm, ulmus. eloquence, eloquentia. eloquent, disertuS, eloquensi ernbadm, condio. embassy, legatid* embellish, polio. embezzlement, peculatuSi embrace, amplexus. embrace {vb.), complector. eminent, illustris, singulari^j emotions, motus {pi.). Emperor, Princeps, Imperator* empire, imperium. employ, adhibeo, utor. employment, negotium. encamp, castra pono. encourage, hortor< end, finis, exitus, suitima. end {death), exitus. end of street, ultima platea. endure, fero, jpatior* enemy {personal), inimicus. enemy {public), hostis. engage {in battle), committerd proelium. engage in {biisiness), ago. to be engaged inf versor. to commence an engagement^ com- mittere proelium. enjoy, fruor, oblecto me. enjoyment, voluptas. enormously, plurimum* enough, satis. enrich, augeO. enter, intro, ingredior. entertained, exceptus* entertainer, convivator. enthusiasm, spiritus, ira* to be enthusiastic, ardeo. entice, elicio, perpello. entire, totus. entirely, omnino. entreaties, preces. entrust, committo. e7ivious {to be), invideo {dat). envoy, legatus. envy, invidia. envy {vb. ), invideo {dat. ). Epaminondas, -ae -ae -am, Ephesian, Ephesius. equal, par. equally, peraeque, iuxta. equanimity {with), facile. equestrian, equester. equip, armo, instruo. equity, ttequitas. eradicate, depello. erect, erigo. erect {a statue), pono. Erechtheus, -ei. escape, effugio, elabor. escape by concealment, lateo, escape by flight, fugio. essential, necessarius. estate {property), possessio. esteem, diligo, -lexi. Etrurians, Etrusci, Tusci. even, etiam* evening {towards), sub vesperum. evening {in the), vesperi. event, res. ever {always), semper. ever {at any time), unquam. evil, malus. eoMct {vb.), sumo. exactly the sam,e distance, tantum- dem viae. example, exemplum. exceedingly, valde, admodum. excellence, laus. excellent, optimus. except, nisi, praeter. except {vb.), excipio. excessive, nimius. Excite, moveo. excitemeyit, excitatio, concitatio. excuse, venia. exhaust, conficio. exhaustion, lassitudo. exhibit {a play), do. exhort, hortor. exhortation, hortatus. exist, sum. expect, spero, exspecto. expectation, exspectatio, spes. expediency, utilitas. expedient^ utilis. "UNIVERSITY VOCABULARY, -C^/JFOR'<\^ !9 expense^ sumtus. experiencey usus. experiencedy peritus, expiate^ luo. explain, expono. explanation^ ratio. expose, oppono. extend, pateo. extent {to some), aliqua parte. extortion, res repetundae. extraordinary, maximus. extravagance, luxus. extremely, valde, vehementer. extremely vexed {to he), molest e fero< exult, exsulto. eye, oculus. eyesight, lumina oculorum. before one's eyes, in conspectu, eye-witness, qui vidit. Fable, fabula. face, OS, oris ; facies, vultuS. face {vh.), oppeto. facing, contra, adversus. fail, deficio, desum. fail to find, desidero. fair, pulcher. fair {wind), secundissinliid. faith, fides. faithful, fidelis. Falernian, Falernus. fall {vh,), cado, occido, concido, iaceo. fall into, incido. fall {as a huilding), ruo. fall {in a heap), corriio. fall {he slain), interficior. fall off, decido. fall down, decido. fall, occasus. fallow {to lie), quiesco, quievi. false, falsus. fame, gloria. family, familia. famine, fames. famous, celeber, nobilis. far, longe. farm, fundus. farmer, agricola. farm-lahourer, agrestis. fashion, ritus, modus. fashion {vh. ), fabri'cor, fate, fatum. father, pater. father-in-law, socer. fault, culpa, delictum. favour, gratia. favour {vh. ), faveo {dat. ). this is in favour of . . . , hoc facit a . . . favours, beneficium* favourable, bonus. favourably, benigne. less favourable, iniquus. fear, timer, metus. fear {vh.), timeo, metuo, vereor, paveo. to be somewhat fearful, sub- vereof. feast on, epulor {ahl.), fee, mercesi feed, alo. feel, fero, sentio. / iling, sensus. * fellow {as term of contempt), homo. fellow-soldier, commilito. fellowship, societas. fertile, fertilis, uber. fertility, ubertas. fetch, arcesso. few, pauci. very few, perpAvLci. a few, aliquot. only a few, pauci. fickleness, inconstantia. fidelity, fides. field, ager, campus. fierce, acer. Jight, pugna, proelium, certamen. fight {yb. ), pugno, armis contendo. fight it out, decerto. fill, repleo, 'compleo, impleo. find, invenio, reperio. find {catch), offendo. find (obtain), nanciscor. find fault with, accuse, culpo. find {pleasure in), capio. finger, digitus. finish, perficio, conficio. finished, perfectus, confectus. i6o LA TIN EXERCISES, finisher, confector. forecast {to make), spes iacio. fire, ignis, flamma. forefathers, maiores. fire [to he on), ardeo. foresee {future events), praesentio. firm, firmus. forest, silva. first rank {of), in primis. foretell, dico futurum, praedico. first-rate, optimus. forget, obliviscor. fish, piscis. forgive, do veniam. fit, idoneus. forgiveness, venia. fi^, constituo. form {a league), iungo. fixed, certus, status. form a scheme, cogito, ineo con- flanh, latus. silium. flash {vb. ), mico. form societies, congregor. flatter, adulor. formidable, gravis. flee, fugio, profugio. forsake, desero, dimitto, relinquo. flee for refuge, confugio. fort, castellum, castrum. fleece, vellus. fortify, munio, permunio. fleet, classis. fortune, fortuna. flight, fuga. foul, nefarius, foedus. put to flight, vertere in fugam. found {a city), condo. fling, proicio. founded, conditus, constitutus. flit away, praetervolo. founder {of a sect), inventor. flogged to death {to be), caedi founder {of a city), conditor. virgis. fox, vulpes. flogging, verbera {pi ) frankly, aperte. flourish, exsto, vigeo. fray, certamen. flourishing, florens. free, liber. flow, fluo. free from taxes, immunis. flow {of eloquence), copia. free from {to be), vaco. flower, flos. freely {of your own free will), ves- fly {vb. ), volo. trapte sponte. fly away, avolo, evolo. freely {without restraint), libere. foil {thin metal), bractea. freedman, libertus. folding-doors, valvae. freedom, libertas. follow, sequor, insequor. freedom of city, ius civitatis. follow close, subsequor. fresh, novus, recens. following {day), posterns. friend, amicus. folly, stultitia. no friend to, inimicus. follies, ineptiae. friendly, amice. downright folly, dementia, amen- friendship, amicitia, societas. tia. friendship of the great, insignes fond, amans. amicitiae. food, cibus, pastus, victus. frighten, terreo. foolish, stultus. in front of, ante, ante frontem. foot, pes. frontier, fines {pi. ). foot-soldier, pedes. full, plenus. forage {vb.), praedor. to be full of vigour, vigeo. forbid, veto. to be full of life, vivo. force, vis. fully, satis. force {vb. ), cogo. funeral pile, rogus. fortbode, portendo. furnish {afford), praebeo. VOCABULARY. i6i furrow, sulcus. go hack, redeo. further {adj. ), reliquus. go down, descendo. further {on the other side), ulterior. go on, pergo. on the further side, trans. go out, procedo. further {to a greater extent), latius. go out {in public), prodeo. furthest extremity, extremus. go under, subeo. God, Deus. goddess, dea. Gabli, Gabii {pi). gold, aurum. gain, emolumentum, lucrum. golden, aureus. gain a title, appellor, nomen in- good, bonus. venio. good-will, voluntas. games {'public), ludi. good-feeling, benevolentia. garden, hortus. good-for-nothing, nequam. pleasure gardens, horti. a good education, eruditio. garland, corona. govern, rego, guberno, administro. garrison, praesidium. government, imperium. garrulous, loquax. gradually, sensim. gate, porta. grammar-school, Indus litterarius. gather, carpo, iSgo. grandfather, avus. Oaul, Gallia. grant {vb. ), do, concedo. a Gaul, Gallus. to grant permission, facere potes- general, dux, imperator. tatem. generation {an age), saeculum. grass, herba, gramen. generous, liberalis. grateful, gratiis. genius, ingenium. grateful {to he), gratias habere. gentleman, homo ingenuus. to express one's gratitude, agere Germans, Germani. gratias. get rid of, depono. gravity, severitas. get sight of, conspicio, -spexi. great, magnus. get over, transeo. great-grandfather, proavus. giant, gigas. Grecian {adj.), Graecus. gift, donum, munus. Greece, Graecia. girl, puella. Greek {adj. ), Graecus. give, do, reddo. green, viridis. give {afford), praebeo. to he green, vireo. give back, reddo". to become green, vireo, v!resco. give good advice, bona praecipio. grief, dolor, luctus, maeror. give up {hand over), trado, do, ground, humus. dedo. on the ground, humi. give up {cease), desino. grove, lucus, nemus. give up {a project), desto a. grow-old, senesco. give way, decedo, pareo, cedo. grudge, parco {dat.). glad {to be), gaudeo. guard, custos, praesidium. gladly, libenter or lubenter. guard {vh.), custodio. gloomy, tristis. off one^s guard, imprudens. glorious, magnificus. guest {at a dinner), conviva. glorious deeds, virtutes. guest (staying), hospes. go, eo, venio. guide {vb.), duco, rego. go aivay, discedo, abeo. guilty, nocens. S.L.E.] l62 LA TIN EXERCISES, Habit, usus, consuetudo. habits, mores. Tiabitual, inveteratus. Hades, ini&ri {pi.). ^ hail {vb. ) saluto. hair, capillus, coma. half, dimidium. half -way up, medius. hammer, malleus. hand, manus. to be at hand, insto. hand {a letter, etc. ), reddo. hand over, trado. handmaid, ancilla. hanged {to be), suspendor. Hannibal, -balls. happen {as a matter of course), fio. ha'ppen {as a matter of accident), accido. happily, iucunde, bene. happy, beatus. harass, vexo. harbour, portus. hard, durus, difficilis. hard-hearted, crudelis. hard pressed {to be), urgeor. hard to please, difficilis. hare, lepus. harm, incommodum. harmony, concordia. to be in harmony loith each other (inter se concinere). harry, perdo. haste {in), confestim. hate {vb.), odi. haughty, superbus. have, habeo. have {possess), possideo. have in Jiand, ago. head, caput. head above water {to have), cum capite exstare ex aqua. to be at thehead of affairs, praesum. heal, sano. health, valetudo, salus. in good health, salvus. healthy, saluber. to be healthy, corpore valeo. to keep in good health, valeo. hear, audio. heart, cor. heart of country, interiora. heat, calor, ardor. height, altitudo. heir, heres. Helen, Helena. Helle, -es, -e, -en, -e, -e. Hellespont, Hellespontus. helm, clavus. help, auxilium. help {vb.), iuvo. hem in, intercludo. herald, praeco. herb, herba. here, hie. hereafter, postea. Hesiod, Hesiodus. hesitate, dubito, cunctor. hesitation, cunctatio. hidden, occultus. hide, abdo, occulto, tego. high, altus. high order {of a), excellens. high regard for {to have a), diligo. high treason, maiestas. higher {in rank), superior. highly, vehementer, valde. hill, collis, mons. hinder, obsto. hire, conduco. history, historia. hit, ferio {perf percussi). hold, teneo, obtineo. hold {an oration), habeo. hold {a levy), habeo. hold {an office), gero. hold {as a conviction), censeo. holdfast, perse vero in. hold supreme sway, dominor. hold out {offer), propono. Jiome, domus. at home, domi. Homer ^ Homerus. honest, integer, bonus. to be honest, recte facio. honestly, honeste. honesty, integritas. honorable, honestus, amplus, gloriae esse. mx)st honorably, summa fide. VOCABULARY. 163 honour y fides, integritas. honour [rank or position)^ dignitas. hope^ spes. hope {vh. ), spero, opto. hopeful {to be), spero. hopeless {not to be hoped for), de- speratus. horn, cornu. horse, equus. horseman, eques. hospitality, hospitium. host, hospes. host {of men), acies. host {vast number), multitudo. hostage, obses. hostile, inimicus. in hostile fashion, hostiliter. house, domus, aedes {pL), how, qui, quomodo. how great, quantus. how can I help ^ Quidni ? human, humanus. human sacrifices, homines pro victi- mis. humanity, humanitas. humble, humilis. humbly, summisse, suppliciter. hunger^ fames. hurry, irruo. hurry up, accelero. hurt, offendo, laedo. husband, vir, maritus, coniunx. husbandman, agricola. / for my part, equidem. I indeed, equidem. idle, nihil agens. idleness, ignavia. ignorance, inscitia, ignoratio. ignorant, imperitus, ignarus, ex- pers. ignorant {to be), nescio, ignoro, ignarus sum. ill {to be), laboro. imitate, imitor. immense, maximus. immensely, maxime, vehementer, plurimum. immoderately {without restraint), effuse. immoderately {excessively), praeter modum. immortality, immortalitas. impair, minuo. impart, communico. impiety, impietas. impious, impius. implant, insero. important, magnus, gravis. to be so important, esse tanti. to think of more importance, prae- fero. imported, peregrinus. importunate, improbus. impregnable, inexpugnabilis. impudence, audacia. impudent, impudens. impunity {with), impune. incantation, cantus. include {embrace), complector. inconsistent {to be), pugnare inter se. inconvenient {to be), incommodo. increase {vb. , grow), cresco, accresco. increase {make to grow), augeo. increasing {adj. ), maior. Indian {an), ex Indis quidam. indicate, indicio esse. indijferent character {of), minus Jirobatus. ignation, dolor. indisputable, non dubius. induce, impetro ut, perpello, per- suadeo. induce to believe, persuadeo. industry, industria. infamous, nefarius. infantry, pedGs or pedites. inflict, infero, impono. influence, auctoritas, opes, vis. influence {ivlth a p>erson), gi^atia. to have influence, valeo. to have so much influence, tantuni posse. inform, certiorem facio, nuntio {dat.). infuse {courage), addo. inhabit, incolo. inhablidnt, incola. injunction, praeceptum. injure, noceo {dat.). 164 LA TIN EXERCISES. injury y malum. injustice, iniuria, iniustitia. act of injustice, iniuria. inner, interior. innocent, innocens. inscription, epigramma. to have an inscription, inscribi. insolence, contumacia. insolvent {to be), solvendo non esse. inspect, inspicio. instantaneously, statim. instruct, doceo, instruo.' instructor, magister. integrity, integritas. intellect, mens. the intelligible, quae percipi pos- sunt. intend to {do, etc.), fut. part., or, cogito. intention, voluntas, mens, animus, propositum. intercourse, congressio. intercourse {to have), versor. interest, commodum. intermarriage, connubium. interment, sepultura. interrupted {to be), intermitti. intervene {to let a day), diem inter- mitto. interview, colloquium. intimacy, consuetudo. intimiit2 friend, familiaris. intoxicated, ebrius. intrenchments, munitiones. iiitroduce, introduce, induco. invite, voco, invito. iron, f errum. irruption {make an), ingredior. island, insula. issue, eventus. Italy, Italia. Jest {vh.), iocor. Jew, ludaeus. join, coniungo. journey, iter. joy, laetitia. joyful, laetus. judge, index. judge {vb. ), iudico. judgment, indicium. judgment {good sense), consilium. junction {of waters), confluens. Juno, luno, -nonis. Jupiter, luppiter, lovis. just, iustus. perfectly just, iustissimus. just {noiv), modo. justice, iustitia. Keep, {preserve, retain), servo, re- tineo, conservo. keep {continue), maneo, se tenere. keep (restrain), habeo. keep {preserve), servo. keep {one^s word), in fide stare. keep {an account)} habeo. keep in check, coerceo, teneo. keep under command, rego, impero. keep under control, domitum habeo. keep watch, excubo. keep guard, custodio. keep up, tueor. keeper, magister. key, clavis. kill, neco, occido. kind, bonus. to be kind to, foveo. kind {sort), genus. nothing of this kind, nihil tale. kindly, amice. kindness {act of), beneficium. king, rex. like a king, regaliter. kingly-power, regnum. to have kingly power, regnare. to exercise kingly power, regnum obtinere. knife, culter. knight, eques. knot, nodus. know, nosco {perf novi), cognosco, scio. not knowing, insciens. know of, cognosco. to know more than . . . doctior esse. knowledge, notitia, scientia. known, cognitus. VOCABULARY. 165 Labour, labor. leave, relinquo, linquo, discedo, labourers {on a /arm), cultores agri. exeo, excedo. lad, puer. lecture, disputatio. kiir, cubile. l^t {remaining), reliquus. lamb, agnus. left {direction), sinister. lame, claudus. legally, legibus. lament, lugeo, maereo, doleo. legion, legio. land, terra. leisure, otium. land {cidtivated), ager. to be at leisure, vaco, otiosus sum. land a fleet, classem appellere. length {at), aliquando. language {as Greek), litterae. let an opportunity pass, praeter- large, magnus, ingens. mitto. iast {vb.), duro. let slip, dimitto. lasting, diuturnus. letter, litterae, epistula. late {adv.), sero. levy, delectus. late in the day, multum diei. liar, mendax. lately, nuper. lick, lambo. laugh {vb. ), rideo. lid, operculum. laugh at, rideo. lie, iaceo. laughable, ridiculus. lie dormant, iaceo. laughing-stock, ludibrium. lie hidden, lateo. law {statute), lex. lieutenant, legatus. to make a law, f erre legem. life, vita, anima, caput. law {in general), ius. light, lux. lawfully, iure. lighted, luminosus. lay {put on), impono. lightly, strictim. lay be/ore, defero. like {vb.), amo. lay down, depono. like {adj. ), similis. lay in {corn), provideo. likeness, similitudo. lay violent hands on, admovere lily, lilium. manus. limit, terminus. lay waste, vasto. limp, claudico. laziness, desidia, pigritia. Ii7ie of march, iter. lazy, piger. lineaments, lineamenta. lead {metal), plumbum. lips {on 07ie^s), in ore. lead (vb.), duco. listen, audio. lead away, abduco. literature, litterae. lead back, reduco. little, parvus. lead forth, educo. little {but), parum. lead into {danger), deduco. little-child, infans. lead on, adduco. little way {a), pauUulum. leader, dux. live, vivo. leaf, folium, frons. live an idle life, in otio vivere. league, societas. loan {on), mutuus. leap down, desilio. Locrl, Locri {pi. ). leap on, insilio. log, lignum. learn, disco. long ago, iampridem. learn {find out), cognosco. any longer, diutius. learned, doctus, eruditus. long for, appeto. learning, doctrina. longing {adj. ), avidus. 1 66 LA TIN EXERCISES. longing, aviditas, spes. many, multus. look {countenance), vultus. many men, plerique. look for, quaero, require. march, agmen, iter. look for {expect), exspecto. mark {men of), optimi. lord, dominus. mark {vh. ), video. lose, amitto, perdo. ntarriage, matrimonium. loss, damnum, fraus, iactura. marriage-portion, dos. love, amor. to give in marriage, dare in ma- hve {vb.), amo, diligo. trimonium, coUocare. low, humilis. marry {a wife), duco. in a low voice, summissej to he married to {a husband). lurk, lateo. nubo. lust, cupiditas. marshal {vh.), instruo. luxuriant {to he), vireo. mast {of ship), malus. luxury, luxus. master {vb.), vinco, supero. master {a subject), perdisco. Macedonian, a, Macedo, -onis; mxister, magister, dominus, herus. machinations, insidiae. mastery, {get the), superior esse. madness, dementia. matter, negotium, res. magistrate^ magistratus. meadow, pratum. magnet, magnes, -etis. meal, epulae. mxxiden, virgo, puella. means, modus. maintain, tueor. meanwhile, interim, interea. maintain {an argument), defendo. meas2ire (vh.), metior. Tnaintain {feed), alo. meditate, meditor, cogito. make, facio, struo. meet, occurro. make {a dictator), creo. meet {come together), convenio. mxilce {a feast), celebro. meeting, adj., obvius {dat.). make {turn out), evado. melodious, dulcis. make a return, penso gratiam. memory, memoria. make a stand, obsto, ofFero me. men {soldiers), milites. make a suggestion, subicio. mention {vb. ), dico, memoro. make for {seek), peto. merit, virtus. make one^s way, dirigo iter, peto. messenger, nuntius. make out, cognitum habeo, comper- method, via. tum habeo. mid, medius. mxike unfair profit, praedor. in the midst of, inter. mxike up {complete), conficio. mien, species. Tnake up one^s mind, constituo, might, vires. decemo. Miletus {belonging to), Milesius. make war, bello. mind {take care), caveo. make way, evado. mine (in a siege), cuniculus. man, homo, vir. mingle, admiscere se. man of experience, doctus. minister of justice, magistratus. man of mark, praestans, optimus. minutely, accurate. manage, gero. mUer, avarus. manifest {to make), declarare. miserably, foede. manifest {to he), pateo. misfortune, dolor, calamitas. mantle, amiculum. malum. manufactory, officina. miss a mark, aberro. VOCABULARY, 167 missile, telum. Tmstj nebula. mistake, error, erratum. to he greatly mistaken, magno in errore versari. moderate, modicus. moderately, mediocriter. moderation, mode ratio. vnth moderation, moderate. money, pecunia. monument (proof), exemplar. moon, luna. morality, virtus. morning {in the, ) mane. Moselle, Mosa. moss, muscus. most of, plerique. mother, mater. mother-in-law, socrus. stepmother, noverca. motive, causa. mountain, mons. mourn, gemo. move, moveo. move on a place, admoveo. much, multus. murder {vh)., interficio. m/arder, interitus. murmur {vh.), fremo. mutiny, seditio. Naked, nudus. name, nomen. name {appoint), dico. give a name to, nomino, appello. named {declared), editus. narrate, narro. narrow, angustus. narrow-pass, angustiae. nation, gens. native-city, patria. natural philosopher, physicus. nature, natura, natura rerum. navigate, navigo. navigators, qui navigant. near, iuxta. nearest, proximus. nearness, propinquitas. necessity, necessitas. neck, collum. neck {hack of), cervix. need {vh.), egeo, opus est. neglect, {vh.), negligo. neighhouring, vicinus, finitimus. neither, nee, neque. neither, {adj.), neuter. on neither side, non utraque parte. Nepliele, -es, -e, -en, -e, -e. Nero,-onis. nervous {timid), timidus. n£t, rete. never, nunquam. new, novus. Nicopolis, -is, -i, -im, night, nox. at night-fall, nocte prima. no one, nemo. nohility, nobilitas. nohly, libere, honeste, cum magna virtute. nohody, nemo. noon, meridies. not, non, ne. not a whit, nihilo. not at all, minime. notahle, memorabilia. notary, scriba. nothing, nihil. notorious, famosus. nourish, alo. now, nunc, iam. now-a-days, quotidie. number, numerus. numhers, multitude. numerous, multus. nut, nux. Oar, remus. oath, iusiurandum. to take an oath, iuro. ohey, pareo, obedio ; {dat.), ohliging -disposition, voluntas. ohlivion, oblivio. ohscure, obscurus. ohscurity, obscuritas. ohserve {meiitally), animadverto, animum adverto. i68 LA TIN EXERCISES. observe {'physically), conspicio, viso, order, ordo. noto. in order, ordine. obtain, impetro, adipiscor, obtineo. order {vb.), iubeo. obtain relief, solvor. order to furnish, impero. occupations, res. ordinances {to make), statu o. occupied, occupatus, implicatus. originate with, orior. occupy, teneo, occupo, obtineo. ornament, omamentum. ocean, mare. otherwise, alitor. odious, turpissimus. otherwise than, contra quam. odium, ihvidia. Otho, -onis. offence, peccatum. outlet, exitus. offend, offendo. over, super, supra. offer, offero, defero. over {across), trans. offer {promise), pollicebr. overpower, opprimo, vinco. offer sacrifice, sacrifico. overpowering, tantus. offered, datus. ox, bos. office, magistratus, honos. often, saepe. olive {tree or fruit), olea. Pacify, lenio. olive-plantation, olea. page {of a letter), pagina. ol'd, antiquus, vetus. pain, dolor. old age, senectus. to take pains, do operam, pro- old man, senex. video. Olympian, Olympius. painstaking, diligens. Olympias, -adis. paint, pingo. Olympic games, Olympia {pi. ). painter, pictor. omen, omen. pang, dolor. one, unus. panic, formido. one {of two), alter. pardon, venia. OTie — another, alius — aliu^. pardon {vb.), ignosco {dat.). at one time, aliquando. parricide {act of), parricidium. only {one place), omnino. part, pars. not only . . . non mod6. . . . for the most part, maxime. open {vb. ), aperio. part {to take) in, intersum. open {to be), pateo. part {to take) with, facio cum. in the open fields, in agro. partaking, particeps. openly, palam, aperte. participator, particeps. opinion, opinio. particular {in), imprimis. opinion of a senator, sententia. in every particular, omni ex opportunity, facultas. parte. as opportunities arise, per particular {individual), singulus. occasiones. partner, socius. oppose {an argument), oppugnare. parts {ability), ingenium. opposed to, inimicus. pass {in hills), saltus. opposite, contrarius, adversus. pass {vb. ), iter facio. oracle, oraculum. 2Jass {spend), ago, dego. orator, orator. pass a law, ferre legem. oratorical, oratoricus. jmss away, intereo, transeo, oratorical power, eloquentia. effugio. oratory, oratio, or gerund of dico. 2)ass over, praetereo. VOCABULARY. 169 passage {in a book), locus. passion, ii-acundia, ira. passionate desire, cupiditas. passions, cupiditates, libidines. past, praeteritus, patient, patieiis. patron, patronus. pay, pretium. pay {vb. ), luo, pendo, solvo. pay a visit to, v6riio ad, viso. pay the penalty, do poeilas, luo poenas. pay (of soldiers), stipendium. pay honour, honorem habere. peace, pax. peacefully, tranquille. peck, modius. Pelopidas, -dae. pen, calamus. penalty, poena. people, populus. perceive, cerno, sentio, video, animadverto, intelligo. perform, ago, perficio. perform a promise, praesto. perhaps, fortassis, fortasse. peril, periculum, discrimen. 'perish, pereo, intereo. permission, facultas. permit, sino. persevere, persevero. person {bodily form), corpus. person {in), coram. person {human being), persona. pervade, compleo, imbuo. petitio7ier, interpellans. Philip, Philippus. philosopher, philosophus. philosophy, philosophia. physician, medicus. pich out, deligo. pick up, excipio. picked, delectus. picture, tabula. pierce, transfigo. pierce through, transverbero. pilot, gubernator. pin {not a) to choose, nihil interest. pioneer, munitor. pipe, tibia. piper, tibicen. Piso, -onis. pit, fovea. place, locus. place, {vb.), pono, colloco. place a garrison, loco. plague, pestis. plain, campus. in the plain, in piano. plan, {vb.), molior, cogito, con- stituo. plan {design), consilium. plane {tree), platanus. planet, errans sidus. plant, vb. {a tree), sero. pla7it {a standard), statuo. plant {a dart), figo. plate {silver), argentum. Plato, 'Onis. play {drama), fabula. play {vb.), ludo. play {on an instrument), cano. pleasant, iucundus. please, placeo {dat.). pleasing, gratus. pleasure, voluptas. pleasure-grounds, horti. pledge, pignus. to pledge one's word, do fidem. plough, aratrum. plough {vb. ), aro. pluck, carpo. plunder, praeda. plunder {vb. ), expilo. plunge headlong, praecipitare se. poem, carmen. poet, poeta. point {to be just on the) of, in eo esse ut. . . . point to, monstro. poison, venenum. poison {vb. ), veneno neco. Polemo, -monis. policy, consilium. polish thoroughly, perpolio. Pompeians, Pompeiani. pontiff, pontifex. poor, pauper. poplar, populus. popidace, multitudo. I70 LATIN EXERCISES. 'portrait, imago. position^ status, res, condicio. position {of an drmy), castra. position {of a place), locus or loca (pi.). . possess, obtineo, possideo. possessio7i {to get), potiot. possession {to take), occupo. possession {to be in), obtineo, pos- sideo. post {a letter), do. post troops, oppono, loco. posterity, posteri. postpone, postpono. potent, prodigium. poverty, paupertas, egestas. power, potestasj potentia. powerful, validus, potens. practice, exercitatio. practice {to have), exercere artem. practice {custom), consuetudo. praetor, praetor. praise, laus. praise {vh.), laudo. praiseworthy, laudabilis. pray, precor. precaution {to take), caveo. precedent, exemplum. precept, praeceptuln. precise, accuratus. precisely, prorsus. predict, praedico. pre-eminent, {to he), emineo. prefer, praefero, praepono, ante- poho. in preference to all others, potis- simum. prepare, paro. prepare for, comparo. present {being), praesens. present (vb.), dono, do. present {exhibit), praebeo. present difficulties, ea quae nunc premunt. at the present day, hodie. preservation, salus. preserve, servo, conservo, retineo. preside, praesideo. press forward, procedo. press on, contendo. pretence, simulatio. prevail, valeo; prevent, obsto, impedio, prohibeo. Priam, Priamus. price, pretium. pride, arrogantia, superbia. priest, sacerdos. priesthood, sacerdotium. prison, career. prisoner, captivtis, deditus. private, privatus. privately, privatiln. prbbably, fortasse. proceed, pergo, proficiscoi*. proceed with, ago. procession, pompa. proclaim, pronuntio. prodigy, monstrum. produce {vb. ), effero. f)rofero, pro- duco. produce {give birth to), gigno. produce an effect, efficio. productive, fertilis, fecundus. productiveness, fecunditas. profess, profiteor. proffer, offero. profit, lucrum, fructus. profitable {to be), prosum. profligacy, nequitia. progress, progressus. project, consilium. prolong, profero. promise {vb.), spondeo, poUiceor. promise, fides. proof, specimen. prop up, fulcio. properly, recte. property, bona {pi. ), res. prophet, vates. propose, pronuntio, propono. prosecute, voco in indicium. Proserpine, Proserpina. prosperity, res prosperae, res secundae. prosperous, fortunatus. protect, defendo, munio, arceo, tego. protected {covered), tectus. protection, praesidium. prove, probo. VOCABULARY. 171 prove [turn out)^ exsto. Rack [vb. ), vexo. providCf instruo. raft, ratis. province^ provincia. rai7is [it), pluit. provoke, lacesso. raise hopes, adduco in spem. public, publicus. rallyi coUigo. public affairs, res publica* ram, aries. public office, honos. rampart, vallum. public speaker, orator. rank, nobilitas, dignitas. publicly, palam, publicGi ransom {vb.), redimo. matters of public interest. quae ad ratified, ratus. publicum pertinent. 7^attle {vb. ), crepo. publish, edo. reach, venio ad, adipiscor. pull out, evello. reach {in safety), pervenio. pumps [work at), sentinam ex- reach {after a voyage), teneo. haurire. readj lego. punishment, supplicium, poena. readily, libenter. purchase, emo. 7'eadiness, facultas. purpose [set), institutum. ready, paratus. to no purpose, frustra, liequic- get ready {prepare), paro. quam. realised {to be), evenio. purposely, ex industria. rear {in the), post tergum. pursuit, studium. reason, causa, ratio. push away, submoveo. not without reason, non immerite. put, pono. for that reason, eo. put an end to, conficio. rebuild, restituo. put aside, repono. recall, domum revoco. put down, opprimo, perf. ( Dppressi. receive, recipio, -cepi, accipio. put forward, profero. recklessly, temere. put in chains, vincio. recklessness, temeritas. put in danger, facio periculum reckon, habeo. (dat.). recognise, cognosco. put in prison, dare in custodiam. reconciled {to be), in gratiam redire. put on trial, facere reum. reconnoitre, speculor. put out {eyes), privo. recover {from a swoon), despicio. put to death, neco. rectitude, honestas. put to the sword, trucido. refreshment, cibus. refuse, nego, abnuo. regard {vb.), duco, accipio. Qualities [good), virtutes. regard with favour, faveo. quantity, vis. to be regarded with affection. quarrel, inimicitia. carus haberi. queen, regina. to have a high regard for, diligo. quench, sedo. regular, constans. question, quaestio. regulate, rego. I do not question, nor I dubito reign, regnura. quin. reign {vb.), regno. quick, celer. reinforcements, supplementum. quickly, celeriter. rejected {to be), repulsam ferre. quite, admodum. relation, cognatus. quite [by far), longe. release (vb.), dimitto. \^\B R A ^p^ OF THK 172 LATIN EXERCISES. relief, auxilium. resources, opes. relieve, libero, auxilior. respect {vb. ), colo, vereor. relieve {diminish), levo. rest, quies. religion, religio. rest {vb.), acquiesco. religious-scruples, religio. rest {the), ceteri. relinquish, cedo. rest of, reliquus. rely on, sto. rest on, fultum esse. remain, maneo, remaneo. restore, restituo. remaining [adj.), reliquus. restrain, arceo. remark, verbum. result, eventus. remarkable, singularis, insignis. retainone's senses, esse sanaementis. remember, memini, mihi venit in retake, recipio. mentem. retire, se recipere, gradum referre. remembrance, memoria. retirement, solitudo. remind, admoneo. retiring, modestus. reminiscence, memoria. retreat, receptus. remnant, reliquiae. return, reditus. remote part, secretum. return{vb.),xQYQicio, redeo, recipere remove, toUo. se. rend, carpo. revel, gaudeo. render, ago. revenge, ultio. renown, gloria. revenge {vb.), ulciscor. repair, relicio. reverential feeling, religio. repeatedly, iterum atque iterum. reverse, mutatio. repent, poeniteo. review {vb.), lustro. reply, responsum. reward, proemium. reply {to letter), {vb.), rescribo. with a reward, donatus. reply {send a), rescribo. Rhegium, Rhegium. report, rumor, fama. Rhine, Rhenus. report {vb.), renuntio. Rhodes, Rhodus. represent, induco, expono, fingo, rich, dives. facio. rich {district), opimus. represent {as a work of art), ex- riches, divitiae. primo. ridge {of hill), iugum. repulse {vb.), repello. ridiculous, ridiculus. reputation, fama. right {in morals), honestum. repute {to be in bad) with, in odio right {on the), dexter. esse apud. right-hand, dextra. repute {to have a bad), male audire. rightly, iure, recte. request {vb.), rogo, peto. ring, anulus. require, postulo. rise, surgo. require {need), requiro. risk, periculum. require to do something, impero. rival {vb.), aequo. rescue {vb.), eripio. river, flumen, amnis. resemblance, similitudo. road, iter, via. resentment, dolor, ira. rob, spolio. reserve {without), aperte. robber, latro, praedo. resignation {with), patienter. robber of temples, sacrilegus. resist, resto. roll {vb.), voluto. resound, sono. roof, tectum. VOCABULARY, '73 rooTifiy cubiculum. room {place), locus. rose, rosa. roughness of manner, animi fero- citas. rout, fundo. ruin, pernicies, exitium. ruined {to be), concido, pereo. rule {vb.), guberno, imperito {dat). rule, regula, norma. under one's rule, subiectus. run, curro. run a risk, adire periculum, com- mittere se discrimini. run away, fugio. run to and fro, curso. runaway, fugitivus. rush, ruo, curro. rush into, incurro. rush out, eicere se. Sabine, Sabinus. sacred, sacer. sacrifice, sacrificium. sacrifice {give up), iacturam facio. sacrifice {offer as a), immolo. sacrifice one's life, caput voveo. safe, tutus, salvus, incolumis. safely, tuto. safety, salus. sage, prudens, sapiens. sage conduct, quae recte fiunt. Saguntines, Saguntini. sail {vb. ), navigo. sailor, nauta. sally forth, erumpo, exeo. salute {vb.), saluto. same, idem. Samnites, -itium. sanctity {of an oath), fides. Sarpedon, -onis. satisfy, satis facio {dat. ). satisfy {convince), persuadeo {dat.). Saturn, Saturnus. savage, crudelis, immanis. save, servo, subvenio {dat.). say, died, aio, inquam. say no more about, omitto. to say nothing of praeter. to say nothing, tacere. scale, ascendo, evado in. scanty {very), perpaucus. scarcely, vix. scarcity, inopia. science, ars, scientia. Scipio, -onis. sea, mare. sea {adj.), maritimus. sea-fight, pugna navalis. search after, quaero. seat, sedes, sella. take a seat, consido. secretly, clam {adv.). security {in), tuto. see, video, sentio, conspicio. see before others, praevideo. see clearly, perspicio. see {visit), viso. seek, peto, quaero. seek again (reseek), repeto. seek eagerly, appeto. seem, videor. seize, capio, rapio. seldom, raro. select, deligo. self-indulgence, luxuria. sell, vendo. to be sold, veneo. seller, venditor. Senate, Senatus. senate-house, curia. senator, senator. senatorial, senatorius. send, mitto. send back, remitto. send forward, praemitto. sensation, sensus. senses {to retain one's), sanac mentis esse. sensible, prudens. sentiment, sententia. separate {vb.), separo. serious, gravis. serve {to be inclined to), inservio. service, officium. to be serviceable, esse usui. servility, obsequium. set {as the sun), occido. set foot, ingredior. set up, statuo. 174 LA TIN EXERCISES. set [an example), praebeo. set at nought, negligo, contemno, sin, turpia [pi. ). sing, cano. set out, proficiscor. single, unicus. settle [as a mist), sedeo. sink, sido. severity [as of cold), vis. sister, soror, severity of a master, saevitia. sit, sedeo. shade, umbra. situation, locus. shake, quatio. skilful, peritus, sciens. shameful, infamis. skill in archery, ars sagittandi. share {vb. ), partior. sky, caelum. sharp, acutus. slain, caesus. sharpen, acuo. slaughter, caedes, strages. shave, tondeo. slaughter [vb.), immolo, trucido. sheep, ovis, pecus, -udis. slave, servus. shelter (under), in tectis. slavery, servitus. she-wolf lupa. to be in slavery, servio. shield, scutum, clipeus. slay, occido, interficio, caedo, in- shift {vh.), transfero, confero. terimo, trucido. ship, navis. sleep, somnus. shoot, mitto. sleep (vb.), dormio. shop, taberna. slight, parvus. shore, ora, litus. sloth, inertia, desidia. short, brevis, exiguus. slow, tardus. shoulder, umerus. small, parvus, exiguus. shout, clamor. smile, risus. shout [vb. ), conclamo. smile [vb.), rideo. show, monstro, praebeo. smoke, fumus, shrine, fanum. snake, anguis. shrink from, fugio, defugio. snatch, rapio. shun, discedo a. S710W, nix. shut up, claudo. so, sic, ita; tarn. Sicilians, Siculus. so far from . . . but even, non Sicily, Sicilia. modo non . . . sed etiam. sick, aeger, aegrotus. so {to such an extent), adeo. sickness, aegritudo. so much as, aeque quam, tam — quam. side, latus. sober earnestness (m), vero et serio. on both sides, utrimque. soberness (with), bona fruge. on all sides, undique. soldier, miles. siege, oppugnatio, obsidio. solicit, peto. siege works, opera {pi.). solitude, solitudo. to commence a siege, obsido. son, filius, natus. sight, adspectus, conspectus. song, cantus. in the sight of in conspectu, in so7-est need {time of), maxime ne- oculis. cessarium. sign, signum. soothe, lenio. signal, signum. silence, silentium. soothsayer, haruspex. sorrow, dolor, maeror, tristitia. silent, tacitus. soul {mind), animus. silver, argentum. soul {spirit), anima, animus. silver [adj. ), argentfeus. sound, sonitus, vox. VOCABULARY. 175 sound {vh.)y sono. station, locus. sound Jcnowledge{to have), prudentey station {vb.), loco. intelligo. statue, signum, statua. to sound a signal for retreat^ sig- stature, statura. num receptui canere. statute, lex. source, fons. stay, maneo. south-wind, auster. to stay with Caesar, apud sovereignty, iinperium, Caesarem esse. soio, sero. steep, arduus. ' space, spatium. steer { a course), teneo. Spain, Hispania. steer {a ship), dirigo. Spaniards, Hispani. steer {for a place), peto. spare, parco {dat.). step, gradus, passus. Spartans, Lacedaemonii, to take a step [in walking), gra- speak, dico, loquor. dum facere. speah well, eloquens esse. step by step, ordine. speak highly of, laudo. stepmother, noverca. speaker {a fine), orator. stern, puppis. spear, hasta. stillness, silentium. spectator {to he a), specto. stir, tumultus. spectator, spectator. stir a step, pedem efFerre. speech, oratio. Stoics, Stoici. speech {a set), oratio. stone, lapis. speed, cursus. stone {vb.), lapides iacio. spend (pass), ago. stone {adj.), lapideus. spendthrift, prodigus. stop {vb. ), prohibeo. spirit, animus. stop on {loiter), commoror. spirit {dash), spiritus. stores, res. splendid, insignis, clarus. storm, tempestas. spontaneously, sponte sua, ultro. storm {vb.), oppugno. spot {place), locus. story, fabula. spread, spargo. stoutly, fortiter, acri animo. spring {season), ver. straight, rectus. spring {of water), fons. straightforward, rectus. spring from {a source), flu© ex. straightway, continuo. spy {vb. ), speculor. strait {between continents), divor- squadron, turma. tium. squadron of ships, naves. strange, mirus. squander, eflfundo. strategy, consilium. stake, sudes. stream, rivus. is at stake, agitur. street, platea. staiid, sto. strength, robur, vis. stand before, adsto {dat. ). strengthen {a fort), munio. standard, signum. strike doum {slay), interficio. stajidayxl of measurement, regula, striking {likeness), maximus. norma. strip, nudo. star, Stella, sidus. strive, contendo. state {vb.), {explain), demonstro. strong, firmus. staie {assert), dico. very strong support, sunnna state {country), res publica, civitas. studia. 176 LA TIN EXERCISES. struch with admlraUon, admiratus. struggle, dimicatio. have a struggle, contendo. study, studium. stupid, hebes. style, genus. style [vb.), dico. surrender, deditio. surrender {vb. ), dedo, prodo. surround, cingo, circumvenio. suspicion, suspicio. subdue, subigo, -egi, domo. subject, res. subject-matter, res. submit, patior. subsequently, postea. subservient [to be), servio. subterranean, sub terra. succeed, impetro. success, victoria. successful, felix. succession {in), deinceps, in orbem. sudden, subitus. sudden {on a), repei^te, subito. suddenly, subito. suffer, patior. sujfer {pay a penalty), do poenas. sujfer {from disease), afficior. suffering {adj.), laborans. sufferings, poenae. sufficient for, tantum . . . ut satis. . . . sufficiently, satis. suit {vb.), congruo {dat.). suitable, aptus, idoneus. summer, aestas. summer {adj.), aestivus. summon, adhibeo. sun, sol. at sunrise, sole orto, prima luce. at sunset, solis occasu. sunshine, sol. superabundance, multitudo. superfluous, supervacaneus. superior, praestantior. superior {to be), supero. superstition, superstitio. suppliant, supplex. supply (vb.), praebeo. supply of corn, res frumentaria. suppose, existimor, reor. supreme influence {to have), pluri- mum posse. sure, certus. sure {to be), pro certo habeo, con- fido, exploratum habeo. surely, vero. surface of, summus. surpass, supero. surprise {vb.), opprimp. sway, ditio. sweet, dulcis. swell {vb.), cresco, swim, nato, no. sioord, gladius, ferrum. Syracusans, Syracusani. Syracuse, Syracusae. Table, mensa. taint, contagio. take, sumo. take {a toivn), capio, armis capio. take {lead), duco. take across, traduco. take an oath, iuror or iuro. take aivay,'siuiero, adimo, detraho, abduco. take care, provideo. take care of, indulgeo. take heed, video. take in hand, suscipio. take out, effero. take pains, operam do. take possession, occupo, obtineo. take thought for, habeo procura- tionem, prospicio. take up, sumo, capio, f ero, suscipio. taken prisoner, captus. talent {of silver), talentum. talents, ingenium. talk {vb.), loquor, fabulor. tall, altus. tax, vectigal. teach, doceo. teacher, magister. tear away, avello. tell, narro, dico. temper, animus. temple, aedes, templum. Terence, Terentius. VOCABULARY, ^11 terribly {severely), graviter. terHfy, terreo. territory f fines {pi.). test (v6.)» metior. testy y amarus. Thames^ Tamesis. thanky gratias ago. theatre, theatrum. Thebes, Thebae {pi). there, ibi, eo. therefore, igitur, itaque. therefore (emphatic), proinde. thereupon, inde. Thermopylae, Thermopylae {pi.). Thessaly, Thessalia. thick, densus. think, sentio, puto, existimo, arbi- tror. think of, cogito de. thirst, sitis. thorough insight {to have a), per- spectum habeo. thought, mens, cogitatio. threaten {as a danger), impendo, impendeo. threaten {as a fort), immineo. threats, minae. three years, space of, triennium. throb, mico. thronged with visitors {to be), cele- brari. throw, iacio. throw away, abicio. throw down, deicio. throw over {as a garment), inicio. thunderbolt, fulmen. Tiber, -eris. till, colo. tillage, agricultura. time, tempus, aetas. at a later time, ad posterum. for a long time, diu. for a short time, paulisper. once on a time, aliquando. after a time, ex intervallo. for the first time, primum. time-honoured, vetustissimus. timorous, timidus. Tiresias, ae. title {get a), appellor. S.L.E.] to-day, hodie. together, una. toil, labor. toilsome, laboriosus. tomb, tumulus, sepulcrum. to-morrow, eras. tongue, lingua. too {also), quoque, etiam. too much, nimium, nimis. tooth, dens. top, cacumen. topic, locus. torture, cruciatus. totter, labo. touch, tango. touA^h of madness, furor. touch upon, attingo. tower, turris. town, oppidum. out of town, extra urbem. trader, mercator. traduce, maledico. tragedy, tragoedia. transform, converto. translate, transfero. transmit, trado. transported with joy {to be), efferor. traverse, peragro, tread down, obtero. treasure {royal), gaza. treasury {public), aerarium. treat, ago, tracto. treatise, liber. treaty, foedus. tree, arbor. trench, fossa. trial, indicium. on trial, reus. tribunal, tribunal. tribune, tribunus. tribune in the army, tribunus militum. tribuneship, tribunatus. tribunicial, tribunicius. trifler, nugator. triumpth, triumphus. Trojan, Troianus. troop {of women), grex. troops, copiae, milites. trouble, cura, dolor, sollicitudo. M 178 LATIN EXERCISES. troubles, miseriae, mala (jpL). unknown to fame, ignobilis. Troy, Troia. unlucky, infelix. truce, indutiae. unpopular (to be), in odio esse. trus, verua. unprepared, imparatus. true {perfect), solidus. unsafe, lubricus. trumpet, tuba. unwary, incautus. trunk (of elephant), manus. unwilling, invitus. trust (vb.), credo [dat.). unworthy, indignus. I trust I may . . ., utinam with up to, tenus. subj. uphold, sustineo. trusty, fidelis. uplift, effero, suffer o. truth, Veritas. upright, iustus. try, (X)nor, tempto or tento. upset, everto. try to get, peto. use (vb.), utor. try to permade not to do , . ., de- with your usual courtesy , qua soles hortorne . . comitate. tuition, institutio. to use the phrase of Gicero, ut ait turn, verto. Cicero. turn away {the eyes), deflect o. usurp, invado. turn out well, prospere cedere. utter (a word), mitto. turn out {become), evado. utterly, funditus. turn upside down, inverto. two days {space of), biduum. two years {space of), biennium. Valley, valles or vallis. tyrant, tyrannus. valour, virtus. value (vb.), aestimo. Umpire, arbiter. van, prima acies. unarmed, inermis. vanquish, vinco. unbounded, summus. vanquished {utterly), devictus. uncertain, incertus. Varro, -onis. uncle {maternal), avunculus. vast, ingens, numerosus. uncle {paternal), patruus. vast number, multitudo. under, sub. vastly, magnopere or magno opere. under control, domitus. vein, vena. understand, intelligo. venture (vb.), audeo. / do not understand, nescio. Venus, -eris. undertake, suscipio, sumo. verse, versus. undertake {promise to do), poUiceor. vessel, vas. undeservedly, immerito. veteran {adj.), veteran us. undeserving, indignus. vexation, molestia. undone (to be), pereo. vexed (to be), aegre fero. unexpected, improvisus. vice, vitium. unexpectedly, de improviso. victorious, victor, victrix. unfair, iniustus. victory, victoria. unfavourable, iniquus. views, sententia. ungodly, impius. vigour, vis. ungrounded, falsus. vine, vitis. unhallowed, inauspicatus. violate, poUuo. uninformed, ignarus. violation of (in), adversus (prep.). universe, mundus. violence, vis. r TTVERSITY VOCABULARY, virtue^ virtus. wear the appearance of, spectare virtuous, probus. ad. v'mt {vb.\ viso, venio ad. weary, fessus. voice, vox. weary {vb. ), fatigo. with one, voice, uno ore. weep, fleo. Volscians, Volsci. weeping, fletus. volume, magnitudo. weigh, expendo. vote {in senate), decemo. weigh anchor, solvere naves. vow {vb.), voveo. weight, pondus. voyage, navigatio. weighty, gravis, magnus. vulture, vultur. welfare, salus. well, puteus. well {adv.), bene. Wage, gero. well {to be), valeo. wage {war) on, infero. well {to be not very), minus valeo. wait, maneo. well aware, non nescius. wait /or, maneo. well known, olarus. waiting -maid, ancilla. it is well known, constat. walk {vb.), ambulo, ingredior. west, occidens. walk (of animals), gradior, in- whence, unde. gredior. where, ubi, qua. wall, mums. whereas, autem. want {ask for), peto. whisper in ear, insusurro. want {be withcmt), egeo, careo. whit {not a), nihilo. want of control, licentia. white, albus, candidus. wanting {to be), desum. whithersoever, qua. war, bellum. whole, totus, cunctus. war {vb.), gero bellum. wholesome, saluber. warlike look {to have a), spec tare on^^s whole life, omne tempus ad castra. aetatis. ward off, propulso. why, cur, quare, quam ob rem, warn, calidus. quid? warmth {of affection) , vis. why do you not , . . ? quin . . . ? warn, moneo, admoneo. wicked, scelestus, sceleratus. warning, monitum, admonitio, sig. wickedness, scelus. num. wicked thing, peccatum. wary, cautus. wide, latus. wash, lavo. wide {adv.), late. waste {vb.), consumo, sumpsi. width, latitudo. watch, servo. wife, coniunx, uxor. watchfulness, diligentia. wild beast, fera. water, aqua. wild olive-tree, oleaster. wax great, cresco. will {testament)^ testamentum. way, via, iter. will [desire), voluntas. weak, infirmus, imbecillis. willing, libens, lubens. weaken, infirmo. loillingly, libenter, lubenter. wealth, divitiae, opes. win {lands), possideo. wealthy, opulens. win {a camp), potior. weapon, telum. wind, ventus. weapons (pi.), arma. window, fenestra. i8o LATIN EXERCISES. wine, vinum. worthless, nequam, perditus. wing {of army), comii. worthless {book), malus. wing {of bird), ala. wound, vulnus. wing [of insect), penna. wound {vb.), vulnero. winter, bruma, hiemps. wounded, saucius. winter-quarters, hiberna. wrath, ira. wisdom, sapientia. wrathfulness, iracundia. wise, sapiens, wreath, corona. wise {worldly), prudens. wretched, miser. wise (to be), sapio. write, scribo. wisely, sapienter. writing, scriptum. wish (vb.), opto, volo. writing {act of), scriptio. wish (desire), voluntas. wrong (vb.), violo. with this restriction, ita . . . ut. . wrong (to do), pecco. withdraw {go away), excedo, cedo, wrong (act of), iniuria. recipere se. wrong (dishonest), turpi s. withdraw {take away), subduco, abstraho. without {to be), careo. Xenophon, -ontis. witness, testis. wittily, urbane. wolf, lupus, lupa. Years (space of two), biennium. woman, femina, mulier. years (three), triennium. wonderful, mirificus, mirus. years (four,) quadriennium. wont {to be), soleo. yellow, flavus. wood, silva. yesterday, heri. wool, lana. yield, cedo, decedo. woollen, laneus. yoke, iugum. word, verbum. you will have it so, ita vis. word {promise), fides. young, iuvenis. worh, opus, opera, labor. young man, adulescens. workshop, officina. young (offspring), proles. worse, deterior, peior. your {sing.), tuus. worship {vb.), colo. your (pi.), vester. worth, virtus. youth {time o/Zi/*e),adulescentia. THOMAS AND ARCHIBALD CONSTABLE, PRINTERS TO HER MAJESTY. THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED BELOW AN INITIAL FINE OF 25 CENTS WILL BE ASSESSED FOR FAILURE TO RETURN THIS BOOK ON THE DATE DUE. THE PENALTY WILL INCREASE TO SO CENTS ON THE FOURTH DAY AND TO $t.OO ON THE SEVENTH DAY OVERDUE. I^LA8_ma rtB 19 1940 S( T] Ti- J c I_ AK I EU- T Cii Si- Ecr Ab LD 21-100w-7.'39(402s) 760f S651 /i^7/. M U s; B Q El UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY By C. Sankey, M.A. i^. POEMS SELECTED from the WORKS OF ROBERT BURNS. By A. M. Bell, M.A., Ballial College, Oxford. 2X. MACAULAY'S ESSAYS: MOORE'S LIFE OF BYRON. By Francis Storr, B.A. gd. BOSWELL'S LIFE OF JOHNSON. By Francis Storr, B.A. gd, HALLAM'S CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY. By H. F. Boyd. i5. SOUTHEY'S LIFE OF NELSONT. By W. E. MuLLiNS, M.A. zs. 6d. QRAY'S POEMS. SELECTION FROM LETTERS, with LIPS by JOHNSON. By Francis Storr, B.A. x*. Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, London. 4