Standardized 
 
 'manic} 
 
 Shorthand 
 
 [University of California 
 
 Southern Regional 
 
 Library Facility
 
 [HE LIBRARY 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES

 
 THIS SPECIAL AUTOGRAPHED COPY OF 
 
 Standardized 
 
 Reporting 
 
 Shorthand 
 
 IS PREPARED FOR 
 
 WHOSE HELPFUL CO-OPERATION, TOGETHER WITH TH/E GOOD-WILL 
 AND ASSISTANCE OF OTHER MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL SHORTHAND 
 REPORTERS' ASSOCIATION HAS MADE THIS PUBLICATION POSSIBLE.
 
 STANDARDIZED 
 REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 (Pitmanic) 
 
 PRINCIPLES 
 
 COMMONEST ENGLISH WORDS 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 
 
 Prepared by the Standardization Committee 
 
 of the 
 National Shorthand Reporters' Association 
 
 Published by the Association 
 1921
 
 Copyright, 1921, 
 by the National Shorthand Reporters' Association.
 
 CONTENTS 
 
 PAGE 
 
 INTRODUCTION 5 
 
 STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES '11 
 
 Consonants and Vowels . . . . . . 11-12 
 
 Circles and Loops ....... 13-14 
 
 jjj Initial Appendages . . . . . . 14 
 
 BE 
 
 Final Appendages ....... 18 
 
 [5 Lengthening ........ 21 
 
 Halving ......... 23 
 
 Past Tense . . 22, 25 
 
 General Principles ....... 25 
 
 5? Prefixes 27 
 
 tt Suffixes 29 
 
 ^ Systematic Contractions ...... 33 
 
 COMMONEST ENGLISH WORDS 35 
 
 !HU 100 Commonest Words . . ... . . 36 
 
 E 1000 Commonest Words 37 
 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 45 
 
 448411
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 This Handbook is the culmination of twelve years' 
 intermittent work by the Standardization Committee 
 of the National Shorthand Reporters' Association. 
 This Committee was appointed by the Association 
 at its annual convention held at Lake George, N.Y., 
 in August, 1909, following a paper read by Mr. 
 Thomas Bengough of Toronto, Canada, outlining 
 plans and methods for making the National Associa- 
 tion a clearing house for the best practice of the 
 Pitmanic verbatim reporters of the United States 
 and Canada, and the selection of the most approved 
 shorthand outlines and contractions from the various 
 modifications of Pitmanic systems, thus putting the 
 whole on a thoroughly systematic and scientific basis. 
 
 The high ideal set before the Committee was two- 
 fold : 
 
 1. That each shorthand character selected for a 
 word or phrase, standing by itself, should be emi- 
 nently facile, free from confusion or conflict with 
 any other character, and when properly written, 
 absolutely legible without dependence on context. 
 
 2. That the notes of any reporter using Standard- 
 ized Shorthand should be read and transcribed cor- 
 rectly by any other reporter or trained assistant. 
 
 The Committee was instructed and empowered to 
 collect from members of the National Association 
 their reporting notes, with transcripts, lists of abbre-
 
 6 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 viations used, suggestions for new outlines, and re- 
 ports as to difficulties, clashings, etc., these to be 
 arranged in three classes : 
 
 A. Suggested abbreviations ; 
 
 B. Tentative forms ; 
 
 C. Adopted outlines. 
 
 Lists in Class B were to be issued to members for 
 personal test and report ; lists in Class C were to be 
 published as early as possible. This was done in 
 1916, and t,he present list of word signs and contrac- 
 tions is the result of the actual testing of that crude 
 collection, and the reaction thereon by practical 
 reporters in the United States and Canada. 
 
 The problem set before the Committee was to find 
 the " common factor " in the Pitmanic systems as 
 these had been modified or developed by thousands 
 of verbatim reporters, no two of whom were abso- 
 lutely alike in tempera'ment. training, or actual at- 
 tainment. This was the ideal phase of the problem, 
 sometimes looked upon as Utopian. But the over- 
 mastering desire of reporters for devices that would 
 save time and labor, and secure ease of execution 
 and accuracy of outline, gave to the whole project 
 such a practical appeal that during the long period 
 through which the Committee has been working and 
 investigating, a keen interest in standardization of 
 shorthand on the part of the entire reporting profes- 
 sion has been manifested. 
 
 The Committee has utilized the columns of the 
 National Sliortliand Reporter and T/ie Shorthand 
 Writer, organs of the National Association, The
 
 INTRODUCTION 7 
 
 Stenographer and Phonographic World and other short- 
 hand journals, for correspondence, interim reports, 
 discussions, bulletins, specimen pages of Standard- 
 ized Shorthand and contributed abbreviations, "Side- 
 Study on Standardization, "and various other methods 
 of publicity, in order to keep up the interest in a 
 work which to many seemed to drag on without 
 much to show in the way of actual results. The 
 Committee members have personally experienced 
 the tedium of their task, but notwithstanding the 
 numerous delays occasioned by illness, stress of 
 work, and unavoidable occurrences, they feel a great 
 satisfaction in having partly accomplished the work 
 outlined. 
 
 The personnel of the Committee has remained 
 constant to a remarkable degree during these twelve 
 years. The original five members appointed in 1909 
 were : Thomas Bengough, Canadian Senate Reporter, 
 Toronto, Ontario; Robert S. Taylor, Court Reporter, 
 Minneapolis, Minnesota; Dr. William VVhitford, 
 Medical Reporter, Chicago, Illinois; Edward H. 
 Eldridge, Ph.D., Simmons College, Boston, Mass.; 
 F. Berryman, Court Reporter, Toronto, Ontario. 
 
 In 1911 the Committee was enlarged by the addi- 
 tion of the following members : J. Forclyce Wood, 
 Court Reporter and Handwriting Expert, Portland, 
 Oregon (now of Chicago, Illinois); William M. 
 Higgins, Court Reporter, Minneapolis, Minnesota; 
 James E. Fuller, Principal Shorthand Department, 
 Goldey College, Wilmington, Delaware; Henry S. 
 Sanders, Court Reporter, New York City, New York ;
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 D. A. Brown,* General Reporter, Cincinnati, Ohio; 
 Charles H. Magee, Court Reporter, Birmingham, 
 Alabama. In 1920 Godfrey Dewey of Lake Placid, 
 New York, was appointed a member. 
 
 The Standardization Committee as it now stands 
 is composed of Mr. Taylor, Mr. Bengough, Dr. 
 Whitford, Dr. Eldridge, Mr. Fuller, Mr. Sanders, 
 Mr. Wood, Mr. Higgins, and Mr. Dewey. The 
 Committee has represented every phase of Pitmanic 
 practice in reporting, and has had the unusual advan- 
 tage of the teaching experience of Messrs. Eldridge 
 and Fuller, both of whom have been active reporters. 
 
 During the past year the Committee has also had 
 the benefit of the studies of Mr. Dewey upon the 
 frequency of English words and sounds, and has 
 employed to advantage in determining some ques- 
 tions of outline formation, the data compiled by him 
 from the facility tests held in Detroit and New York 
 in 1919. 
 
 While all the members of the Standardization 
 Committee have unselfishly and without compensa- 
 tion devoted a great deal of their valuable time to 
 Standardization work, we feel that special mention 
 should be made of Robert S. Taylor, who was for 
 many years the Chairman of the Committee. Upon 
 him devolved the heavy task of directing and map- 
 ping out the work of the Committee, the preparation 
 of lengthy lists of words in illustration of the various 
 principles, and the revision of the work. This was 
 no light task, and in the midst of Mr. Taylor's 
 
 *Deccascd.
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 onerous court work he devoted whole days and long 
 evenings to this work even at the expense of his 
 health. He has worked with an enthusiasm that has 
 inspired all the members of the Committee to renewed 
 efforts, and the Committee feels that it is largely to 
 him that it is indebted for the progress it has made. 
 
 It must not be inferred from this that other mem- 
 bers of the Committee have not also worked hard 
 and untiringly on this task. Notwithstanding the 
 daily grind of official duties in court and school, they 
 have all cheerfully spent innumerable hours on the 
 work that has been allotted to them, actuated solely 
 by the desire to see perfected a system of short- 
 hand that should comprise the best features of all 
 the Pitmanic systems, standardized as far as it is 
 humanly possible ; safe, legible and facile. 
 
 It may be asked, What is Standardized Shorthand? 
 As to the principles thereof, it is a composite of 
 the best features of various Pitmanic systems, as 
 determined by a most searching analysis and com- 
 parison of the good features of each system, after- 
 wards tested in the crucible of actual work by practical 
 shorthand reporters. A great many lists of words, 
 some sixty pages or more in length, involving each 
 principle under consideration, were compiled, and 
 by a system of comparative analysis it was settled in 
 each case which principle afforded the greatest ad- 
 vantages in facility of execution, legibility, and 
 avoidance of conflicts. 
 
 The Committee devoted several years to this work 
 before it finally recommended to the Association the
 
 10 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 principles which were later adopted by the Associa- 
 tion, and which are set forth in detail in this book. 
 After the adoption of the principles, the Committee 
 began work on the word signs and contractions. 
 Lists of these were compiled, and gone over again 
 and again in an endeavor to find the very best outline 
 for each word. The result of this investigation is 
 now published, and the Committee feels that this 
 list presents a more reliable and authoritative com- 
 pilation of word signs and contractions than has yet 
 appeared in any Pitmanic textbook. 
 
 The present book is intended primarily for the 
 use of reporters, giving them the tested results of 
 actual experience by hundreds of their colleagues in 
 the use of standardization principles, word signs, 
 and contractions. As such, it should be of imme- 
 diate service to every working reporter. The state- 
 ment of principles will enable any writer of Pitmanic 
 shorthand to understand the basis on which the list 
 of word signs and contractions has been constructed. 
 While the Committee has not intended that the 
 statement of principles should serve as a textbook, 
 it has endeavored to express the rules with sufficient 
 clearness to illustrate them amply, and make them 
 readily understood by any one familiar with Pitmanic 
 shorthand. 
 
 It is the plan of the Committee to follow up the 
 present publication with others, notably a shorthand 
 dictionary and phrase book, and a textbook.
 
 STATKMKXT OK PRINCIPLES 
 
 11 
 
 STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES 
 
 1. Basis and Derivation. STANDARDIZED REPORT- 
 ING SHORTHAND is a purely phonetic system, the 
 fundamental principles of which have been selected 
 from various Pitmanic systems. 
 
 2. Consonant Strokes. The following strokes rep- 
 resent the consonant sounds of English. 
 
 \ 
 
 as in and 
 p pop 
 
 pin 
 
 \ as in and 
 / s cease seal 
 
 >i 
 
 b 
 
 b\b 
 
 bin 
 
 ) z 
 
 ^ehra, 
 
 zeal 
 
 
 t 
 
 lot 
 
 /en 
 
 J i 
 
 shrewish 
 
 assure 
 
 
 d 
 
 did 
 
 den 
 
 ) 3 
 
 leisure 
 
 azure 
 
 / 
 
 g 
 
 church 
 
 choke 
 
 r i 
 
 Ail/ 
 
 /ap 
 
 f 
 
 j 
 
 judge 
 
 joke 
 
 / \ r 
 
 roar 
 
 rap 
 
 
 k 
 
 clock 
 
 come 
 
 ' * m 
 
 HIUl/1 
 
 map 
 
 
 g 
 
 cr\cr 
 S '& 
 
 gum 
 
 ^_x n 
 
 nine 
 
 sin 
 
 ^ 
 
 f 
 
 /i/e 
 
 fi\\\ 
 
 ' 
 
 sinking 
 
 *W 
 
 s_ 
 
 V 
 
 valve 
 
 van 
 
 / h 
 
 hay 
 
 head 
 
 
 h 
 
 /hinketh 
 
 ///igh 
 
 ^ w 
 
 way 
 
 wet 
 
 ^ 
 
 d 
 
 mp 
 mb 
 
 bathe 
 dump or 
 
 t&y 
 
 C y 
 
 yam 
 nailer 
 
 jet 
 
 ambush 
 
 ( lr
 
 12 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 NOTE. The strokes for mp-mb and /rare irregular in that they 
 represent combinations of two elementary consonant sounds. 
 They are listed here for convenience. Lr is used only as a final 
 stroke. 
 
 3. Vowels. Vowels are represented by light and 
 heavy dots and dashes placed at the beginning, mid- 
 dle, and end of strokes, as follows : 
 
 as in and 
 
 I S^at tree 
 
 fright ache 
 part tar 
 
 & naught saw 
 j o boat old 
 
 Q tool ooze 
 
 as in and 
 
 i sit in 
 
 iret 
 pat 
 
 not 
 bwt 
 iu\\ 
 
 tack 
 
 odd 
 tub 
 loot 
 
 4. Diphthongs. The diphthongs and two of the 
 coalescents are represented thus : 
 
 Diphthongs Coalescents 
 
 VI 
 
 as in and 
 
 aisle by 
 
 boy 
 
 as in and 
 
 unit 
 
 few- 
 wife 
 
 A 
 
 out 
 
 NOTE. The phonetic print letters used to key the sounds of the alphabet 
 are a simplification of the Revised Scientific Alphabet or NEA Key Alphabet, 
 used as Key 1 of the Now Standard Dictionary and its abridgments, by God- 
 frey Dewcy, in harmony with shorthand practice. They provide a single 
 explicit letter for each sound and observe the true phonetic relations between 
 the long and short vowel sounds, in harmony with international usage and 
 the long standing practice of Pitmanic shorthand.
 
 STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES 13 
 
 5. Coalescents. The coalescence of w and y with 
 vowels may be shown by writing a small semicircle in 
 the position of the proper vowel. The ^-semicircle 
 opens to the right for the dot vowels, to the left for 
 the clash vowels. The jf-semicircle opens to the top 
 for the dot vowels and to the bottom for the dash 
 vowels. 
 
 NOTE. From these characters are derived the secondary 
 characters representing w and y described and illustrated in 
 paragraph 17. 
 
 6. Secondary Consonantal Representation. Certain 
 of the frequently recurring sounds are, subject to 
 definite rules, represented by briefer forms than 
 those given in paragraph 2. These abbreviated 
 forms, which consist of circles, loops, hooks, ticks, 
 double-lengths, etc., are employed according to rules 
 set out in paragraphs 7 to 51 inclusive. 
 
 7. Small Circles. Initial s and medial or final s 
 or z are represented by a small circle written with 
 left motion on straight detached stems, on the inside 
 of curves, and on the outside of angles between 
 straight strokes, as in practically all Pitmanic sys- 
 tems. Initial z requires the stroke form. 
 
 NOTE. Left motion is counter-clockwise. Right motion is 
 clockwise. Mnemonic : The clock is right. 
 
 Illustrative words : 
 
 Key : space, sorrows, desk, dusty, saves, zigzags, desires, sar- 
 casm, felicitous.
 
 14 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 8. Large Circles. Ses, sez, ses, and other similar 
 syllables, are represented by a large circle, as shown 
 below. 
 
 Key: spaces, discusses, molasses, caresses, system, indices, 
 suspicious, season, italicize, exhaust, Susan. 
 
 9. The St-Loop. A small loop attached initially, 
 medially, or finally expresses the combined sounds 
 of st. Attached finally, the loop may be used to 
 represent zd. but the principle must be used with 
 caution in monosyllables. Illustrative words : 
 
 Key : steep, stab, store, steam, stillest, destiny, mystify, roast, 
 mast, zest, disposed, excused, revised, caused, mused, dozed, 
 raised. 
 
 10. The Str-Loop. A larger loop is used to repre- 
 sent final str, as in most Pitmanic systems. In rare in- 
 stances this loop is attached medially. Illustrations : 
 
 xi Jr. 
 
 Key : poster, dusters, master, bolster, district, moisture, pas- 
 ture, texture, admixture, fixture. 
 
 11. The L-Hook. A series of double-consonant 
 stems consisting of a stroke initially hooked is used 
 to express the following combinations :
 
 STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES 15 
 
 f f /...../ L....L C C J* 
 
 PI, Bl, Tl, Dl, Chi, Jl, Kl, Gl, Fl, VI, Thl, Dhl, Shi (upward). 
 Rl, Ml, Nl, LI. 
 
 NOTE. These hooks are all small except the last four. Ob- 
 serve that all except ml and // are written with left motion. 
 
 Illustrative words : 
 
 Key : play, idle, buckle, oval, carol, tunnel, glacial, camel, 
 illogical, illegible, illegal. 
 
 12. The R-Hook. A similar series of double- 
 consonant stems is used to represent the combina- 
 tion of the consonant strokes with the sound of r< as 
 follows : 
 
 \ ...... \ ...... i ........ \ ........ ; ....... ; _^\ ..... ^ ..... 3 ....... ) ..... j? ..... i ..... :. 
 
 Pr, Br, Tr, Dr, Chr, Jr, Kr, Gr, Fr, Vr, Thr, Dhr, Shr, Zhr, 
 Mr, Nr. 
 
 NOTE. Observe that all of these hooks except nr are writ- 
 ten with right motion, and that mr and nr are shaded. 
 
 Illustrative words: 
 
 Key: pray, robber, throb, leisure, crop, rumor, honor, bother, 
 joker, Kramer, digger, picker. 
 
 13. Special Vocalization. To avoid awkward or 
 inconvenient outlines resulting from the use of the 
 strokes / or r, special vocalization may be used to 
 indicate the presence of a vowel between sounds
 
 16 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 represented by double consonants, as in the follow- 
 ing words : 
 
 Key : normal, roll, Calvin, circulation, qualify, cardinal. 
 
 14. Triple Consonants. The circles is attached 
 initially to double consonants in the way common 
 to most Pitmanic systems, thus : 
 
 Key : splice, civil, psychological, spray, cedar, sacrifice. 
 
 15. Quadruple Consonants. The ses-c'\rc\e or the 
 ^/-loop may precede a straight double consonant of 
 the r series in a similar way. Illustrations : 
 
 1 .......... j. ........... / ....... 
 
 C3" 4 
 
 Key : sister, stoker, stager, stagger. 
 
 16. Initial In, En, Un. These syllables, when fol- 
 lowed by a circle written with right motion, or by 
 a triple consonant of the / series, may be expressed 
 by a backward initial hook, as shown below. (See 
 paragraphs 11 and 14.) 
 
 Key : insulation, enslave, insomnia, unseemly, unceremoni- 
 ous, incise, uncivilized, unexplored, unexplained. 
 
 NOTE. The principle must be used with care in negative 
 words. 
 
 17. Brief W. A semicircle opening either to the 
 left or to the right (whichever gives the better join-
 
 STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES 17 
 
 ing) may be attached initially (and sometimes me- 
 dially) to represent w. Illustrative words: 
 
 A -i h.J 5s...../ , 3 
 
 Key : web, wait, weak, wing, waif, wedge, outwit, Glenwood. 
 NOTE. For the derivation of these forms see paragraph 5. 
 
 18. Brief Y. Similarly, a semicircle opening 
 either up or down represents y. Illustrations : 
 
 Key: yacht, yoke, yawn, yell, unyoke. 
 
 19. S Before Brief W. The small circle-.? com- 
 bines initially with brief iv as in the following words : 
 
 j, / ^ 1 
 
 Key: sweat, switch, swag, swap, .Sweden. 
 
 20. The Small W-Hook. Brief w before lay, ray, 
 m and n takes the form of a small hook, as shown 
 below. 
 
 NOTE. Lay is the distinctive name given to the stroke / 
 when written upward ; the same stroke written downward is 
 called el. Similarly the name ray signifies the upward form of r. 
 
 .'... ........ is/. ................ ^ ....... *^.... 
 
 C i 
 
 Key : wail, wore, woman, wine. 
 
 21. The Circle-S Before the W-Hook. The circle-^ 
 may precede this small w-hook, as shown in the fol- 
 lowing words : 
 
 <s N 
 
 Key: swore, swale, swim, swoon.
 
 18 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 22. The Tick-H. For greater ease in joining, h 
 may be represented either initially or medially by a 
 short tick in the direction of ch, whenever it forms 
 an acute angle, thus ; 
 
 Key: hook, unhook, hale, inhale, human, inhuman, hearse, 
 rehearse. 
 
 23. The LR-Hook. The /-hook may be enlarged 
 to add the sound of r, as in the following words : 
 
 Key : coupler, traveler, muffler, buckler, floor, blare, declare, 
 clear, clergy. 
 
 NOTE. This principle does not, of course, apply to the large 
 /-hook attached to m, n, lay, and ray. See paragraph 1 1 . 
 
 24. The RL-Hook. Similarly an enlarged r-hook 
 expresses an added /, as in the following words : 
 
 (\ /A q. <^ 
 
 ..... A .................................... .. ....... > ....... | ........... I .................................................... 
 
 Key: April, liberal, mackerel, girl, trail, mineral. 
 
 25. The N-Hook. A small final hook written with 
 right motion on straight strokes and on the inside of 
 curves represents n; thus : 
 
 , ..Y.<" | .<? ^ S _^ 
 
 Xa JA 
 
 Key : fan, pain, thine, down, line, gone, hen, campaign. 
 
 26. Final Ns and Nz Distinguished. Following 
 curved strokes, finals is usually written with the 
 hook and circle, and .y with the stroke n and circle.
 
 STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES 19 
 
 This not only increases legibility but preserves uni- 
 formity of outline in derivatives. Illustrations : 
 
 ^ Z^ ^rs, e)~ ^^/f^'^~ 9 '' < -^ > ' < ^ 
 
 Key : shines, lanes, mains, zones, ransom, lonesome; evince, 
 evinces, evinced. 
 
 27. Final Ns, Nses, Nst, Nstr, on Straight Strokes. 
 A final circle or loop following the #-hook on a final 
 straight stroke is written with right motion, as shown 
 in the following illustrations : 
 
 XX,,, 
 
 y <U 
 
 Key: puns, punster; dance, dances, danced; rinse, rinses, 
 rinsed ; drowns, prince, glance, glances, cranes, spinster. 
 
 28. The F-V-Hook. A small final hook attached 
 only to straight strokes and written with left motion, 
 represents for v, thus : 
 
 /' 
 
 Ki'v : puff, bravery, toughen, chief, crave, hoof, hive. 
 
 29. Circle-S Inside Small Hooks. The circle-.? is 
 written small inside the/-?' hook, thus : 
 
 Key : puffs, braves, toughs, chiefs, craves, roofs, hives. 
 
 30. Special F-V-Hook on Curves. Restricted use 
 of an elongated final hook on certain curves to indi- 
 cate for v is provided for, thus : 
 
 Key : thief, nerve, live, (leave), navigation.
 
 20 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 31. The Shun-Hook. A large final hook written 
 on the inside of curves, and with left motion on 
 straight strokes, represents the syllable variously 
 spelled tion, dan, sian, sion, etc. Illustrations : 
 
 Key : reception, stationer, fusion, electrician, function, arte- 
 sian, session, cautionary, delusion, abortion. 
 
 32. The Backward Shun-Hook. Following a final 
 circle, the s/mn-hook is turned backward through the 
 preceding stroke, taking the shape of a small curl. 
 Illustrative words: 
 
 f 
 
 Key: physician, accession, transition, pulsation, sensational. 
 
 33. Irregular Representation of Shun. To secure 
 brief and more convenient outlines for certain deriva- 
 tive words, two irregular forms of shun are provided : 
 (a) Following half-length strokes, it is represented 
 by the circle-.? and the backward curl, (b) Following 
 the /"-z/-hook, a small breve may be used for shun. 
 Illustrative words : 
 
 /* 
 
 
 
 Key: (a) adaptation, reputation, vegetation, repetition, accen- 
 tuation, arithmetician ; (b) division, divisional. 
 
 34. S-Circle Following Shun. The final circle-.? 
 may be written within any of the foregoing forms 
 representing shun, as in :
 
 STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES 21 
 
 I r /* L 
 
 "-S> .......... V_ ......... *v ..................................... ........................ 
 
 V ^ 
 
 Key : motions, depositions, dispensations, repetitions, divisions. 
 
 35. Differentiated Shun. When the syllable shun 
 is immediately preceded by consecutive vowels, it is 
 often wise to use the stroke ish and the ^-hook in- 
 stead of the s/iun-hook, especially in cases of con- 
 
 flicting outlines, as : 
 
 _ p /> 
 
 ...IXj> -L- 
 
 Key: Contention, continuation, attention, attenuation, exten- 
 sion, extenuation. 
 
 ....L-. .. 
 
 36. The Tive-Hook. A large final hook written 
 with right motion on straight strokes represents the 
 syllable tive, as in the following words : 
 
 Key: active, sedative, abortiveness, fugitives, adjectives. 
 
 37. Lengthening Curves. Any curved stroke may 
 be written twice its normal length to express the 
 added syllables ter, der, ther, ture. Illustrations : 
 
 Key : flatter, slaughter, center, wander, smother. 
 NOTE. A few exceptions to this practice must be noted be- 
 cause of possible conflicts. Illustrations : 
 
 Key : letter-leather, motor-mother.
 
 22 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 38. Lengthening Final Straight Strokes. A final 
 straight stroke that joins the preceding stroke at an 
 angle may be lengthened similarly, thus : 
 
 Key: projector, debater, picture, tractor, strictures. 
 
 39. Lengthening Single Straight Strokes. A few 
 single straight strokes may be so lengthened, but 
 this should be done with caution. Illustrations : 
 
 F 
 
 Key : writer, better, brothers, daughter. 
 
 40. Lengthening to Express Past Tense. Length- 
 ening may, with very few exceptions, be safely 
 employed to express the past tense of a verb if the 
 present tense requires more than one stroke and 
 ends with a half-length stroke, hooked or unhooked. 
 One conspicuous exception is the word elevated, 
 which conflicts badly with elevator. Illustrations : 
 
 Key: result, resulted; accent, accented; delegate, dele- 
 gated ; erect, erected ; debate, debated ; retreat, retreated ; 
 elevated, elevator ; respond,- responded ; remind, reminded. 
 
 41. Final Hooks on Lengthened Strokes. A final 
 hook attached to a lengthened stroke is read before
 
 STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES 23 
 
 the syllable expressed by lengthening. (This princi- 
 ple is used mostly with the n-hook.) Illustrations: 
 
 Key: painters, binder, slender, tenderness, flounder, sur- 
 renders. 
 
 42. Exceptional Treatment of Final Hook. In 
 order to retain certain desirable outlines, it is allow- 
 able to make an exception in the case of such words 
 as the following, in which the final hook is read after 
 the syllable expressed by lengthening. Illustrations: 
 
 ) 
 
 Key : modern, northern, eastern, alteration (a special form), 
 alderman, and in such phrases as " another-one." 
 
 43. Lengthened Ing. The stroke ing is lengthened 
 to express added ker or ger as follows : 
 
 Key : sinker, linger, hunker, hunger, anchor, anger. 
 
 44. Lengthened MP-MB. The stroke mp-mb may 
 be lengthened to express added er as shown below. 
 
 Key : chamber, timbers, lumber, jumper, plumper. 
 
 45. Halving. Any stroke except w, y, Ir, ing, 
 mp-mb, lay, ray, and h may (subject to certain restric- 
 tions to provide for vowel placement or indication) 
 be written half its usual length to express a following
 
 24 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 t or d. Lay, ray, and h may be halved to add /, but 
 not to add d, when they stand alone. Illustrations: 
 
 Key : pate-paid, bite-bide, coat-code, got-God, great-grade, 
 pedagogue, carrot, hate, write, invite, light, coordinate, reed, 
 laid, heed. 
 
 46. Shading to Express D. The strokes /, r, ;;/, n 
 maybe shaded and halved to express ?. Illustrations: 
 
 
 Key : old, hired, sounds, consumed, toiled, seemed, sealed. 
 
 47. Initial Appendages to Halved Strokes. Initial 
 circles, hooks, and loops may be attached to halved 
 strokes the same as to full-length strokes. Illustra- 
 tive words : 
 
 * ....... *.-i ..... <+^'^\4 ...... * ..... a ...... ^ ...... ....... !*L 
 
 Key : stopped, spread, bottled, colt-cold, prodigious, invert, 
 generate, slate, stared, stamped, swelled, sward. 
 
 48. Final Circles and Loops Read Last. A final 
 circle or loop attached to a halved stroke is read after 
 the indicated t or d, thus : 
 
 C, b* A ^ 
 
 ....... <s ......... * ...... '--^ ........ * .............. - ................. 
 
 Key : avoids, tightest, rights, fattest, greatest, moods, hoards. 
 
 49. Order of Reading Final Appendages. A final 
 hook attached to a halved stroke is read before the
 
 STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES 25 
 
 indicated /or<^, but a circle following such a hook is 
 read last. Illustrations : 
 
 Key: paint, paints; tuft, tufts ; brand, brands; cautioned, 
 motioned, drift, drifts. 
 
 50. Past Tense Added by Stroke D. When the 
 present tense of a monosyllable is represented by 
 a halved stroke, or when for any other reason the 
 use of the lengthening principle explained in para- 
 graph 40 is not desirable, the past tense is regularly 
 formed by adding the stroke d, joined or disjoined, 
 according to convenience, thus : 
 
 !LSL Ill ^.-^l :., 
 
 1 1 1*1 
 
 Key : scent, scented ; treat, treated ; cheat, cheated ; mount, 
 mounted ; float, floated ; dread, dreaded ; crate, crated ; fret, 
 fretted ; sound, sounded. 
 
 51. Exceptional Forms for Past Tense. Some 
 lengthened final-hooked strokes do not conveniently 
 join with the stroke d to form the past tense. In 
 such cases it. is best to employ the halving principle, 
 thus : 
 
 Key : render, rendered ; thunder, thundered ; encounter, en- 
 countered ; flounder, floundered ; slander, slandered. 
 
 GENERAL PRINCIPLES 
 
 52. Final Vowel Indication. The use of the down- 
 strokes for / and r at the end of outlines to indicate
 
 26 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 a final consonant sound, and the corresponding use 
 of the upstrokes lay and ray to indicate a final vowel 
 is approved, in so far as such use is practicable. 
 Illustrations : 
 
 Key: foal, folio; veil, volley; jewel, jelly; towel, tallow; 
 fair, fairy ; door, dory ; shower, showery. 
 
 53. Initial Vowel Indication. As far as practicable, 
 the use of the downstrokes for / and rat the begin- 
 ning of outlines to indicate an initial vowel, and the 
 corresponding use of the upstrokes lay and ray to 
 indicate an initial consonant sound is recommended, 
 thus : 
 
 Key : like, alike ; location, allocation ; locative, elective ; 
 Lena, Illinois; rack, ark; oar, row; Ryan, Orion. 
 
 54. Stroke and Dot Forms of Ing. Verbals derived 
 from nouns that end with vowels may be distin- 
 guished from other words that end with the sound 
 of ng by using the dot ing to indicate the preceding 
 vowel. Illustrations : 
 
 Key : haying, hung ; rowing, rung ; snowing, sunning ; de- 
 laying, dulling; decaying, ducking; mellowing, mailing. 
 
 NOTE. In this connection it should be borne in mind that 
 the facility tests conducted by Godfrey Dewey, of the Stand-
 
 STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES 27 
 
 ardization Committee, have shown that disjoining causes loss of 
 time more than equivalent to that required to write an added 
 stroke. 
 
 PREFIXES 
 
 55. Con-Com-Cog. These syllables are represented 
 by a dot preceding the outline, as shown in the fol- 
 lowing words : 
 
 ^ V> ._,'""" "^ 
 
 Key : Condescend, controller, compelled, commander, cog- 
 nomen", cognizance. 
 
 NOTE. The prefix should be written first not after the 
 stein word has been written. 
 
 56. Medial Con. When con-com-cog occur medi- 
 ally, the dot is omitted and the syllable it represents 
 is indicated by disjoining, as shown : 
 
 l\ S*- 9 ^> 9 
 
 Key: decomposition, recognize, inconvenience. 
 
 57. Inter-Enter-Intro. These prefixes are repre- 
 sented by a double-length n, thus : 
 
 [\J Key : intercourse, entertain, introduced, intercepted, enter- 
 prising. 
 
 58. Magna-Magni. These prefixes are written 
 with a disjoined stroke m, as follows: 
 
 Key : magnanimity, magnify, magnanimous, magnificent.
 
 28 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 59. Unre-Unri. These initial syllables are writ- 
 ten with the double consonant nr, as illustrated: 
 
 Key : unrestricted, unrivaled, unrighteous, unreprovable. 
 
 60. Ante-Anti. These prefixes are represented by 
 a half-length , joined or disjoined, according to 
 convenience, thus : 
 
 Key: antemundane, antediluvian, antipathy, antiseptic. 
 
 61. Self. A small circle, joined or disjoined, rep- 
 resents this prefix, as illustrated : 
 
 J 
 
 Key: selfish, self-respect, self-evident, self-denial. 
 
 62. Self-con. When self is followed by con the 
 circle is written disconnected in the place of the 
 dot-con, thus : 
 
 ^ 1 f L 
 
 Key : self-confident, self-control, self-conceit, self-condemned. 
 
 63. Counter-Contra-Contro. These are expressed 
 by a disjoined tick preceding the outline, as shown : 
 
 'P 
 
 Key: counteraction, contradistinction, controversy, counter- 
 claim.
 
 STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES 29 
 
 64. For-Fore. These prefixes are represented by 
 
 the stroke/. Illustrations: 
 
 Key: foreclose, forefront, foremost, foretold, forbid, fore- 
 bode, forfeit, forswear, forward. 
 
 SUFFIXES 
 
 65. Ing. Whenever, for any reason, the use of 
 the stroke ng is undesirable, the syllable may be 
 represented by a dot at the end of the outline, as 
 illustrated : 
 
 Key: doing, saying, laying, decaying, pitying, displaying. 
 
 66. Ings, Ing-his, Ing-us. These suffixes are rep- 
 resented by the disjoined circle, thus: 
 
 Key: doings, sayings, meetings, takings, buildings, paintings, 
 giving his (us), asking his (us), protecting his (us). 
 
 67. Ingly. This double suffix may be represented 
 by a shaded tick, disjoined and generally slanted, 
 thus : 
 
 Key: obligingly, aggravatingly, tantalizingly, hesitatingly. 
 
 68. Ing-the. The word the following a word end- 
 ing with ing may be phrased with the preceding word 
 by means of a slanting disjoined tick, as shown:
 
 30 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 L 2 U ^ L. 
 
 Key : doing the, meeting the, taking the, printing the, acting 
 the. 
 
 69. Ing-a. When a word ends with ing followed 
 by a, the ing-a may be expressed by a vertical or 
 horizontal tick; but this tick must be written with 
 perfect accuracy to avoid conflicts with ing-the. 
 Illustrations : 
 
 I U 2' I 
 
 Key : doing a, taking a, meeting a, treating a, giving a. 
 
 70. Ble-Bly. These syllables are represented 
 systematically by the stroke b whenever the hooked 
 or double-consonant form bl will not join conven- 
 iently. Illustrations : 
 
 Key : dependable, surmountable, patentable, actionable, ad- 
 justable, defensible, transmissible, inclinable. 
 
 71. Ility-Ality-Arity-Erity. These suffixes are 
 regularly represented by disjoining the stroke repre- 
 senting the consonant immediately preceding the 
 suffix, as illustrated : 
 
 Key : dependability, plurality, popularity, prosperity, duc- 
 tility, cordiality, disparity, dexterity. 
 
 72. Self-Selves. These suffixes are represented 
 by a small and a large circle, respectively, usually
 
 STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES 31 
 
 joined, but sometimes disjoined for greater legibility 
 or suggestiveness, thus : 
 
 Key : myself, yourself, yourselves, themselves, oneself. 
 
 73. Ology. This suffix is represented by % a dis- 
 joined/, thus : 
 
 Key: theology-theological, dermatology-dermatological, 
 zoology-zoological . 
 
 74.. Ment. This suffix is often abbreviated by 
 the omission of either the m or the n, as shown : 
 
 Key: refinement, assignment, discernment, commandment, 
 regimental, experimental, fundamental, enrollment, announce- 
 ment. 
 
 75. Double Suffixes. Many words terminate in 
 what may be called a double suffix, the final syllable 
 being ness. Systematic representation of such ter- 
 minations is provided for as follows : To represent 
 the first suffix, disjoin its most suggestive consonant 
 stroke and attach to it the final circle-.* 1 to repre- 
 sent ness. 
 
 NOTE. When the preceding suffix is less, the final circle 
 must, of course, be enlarged. 
 
 Illustrations : 

 
 32 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 Key: agreeableness, serviceableness, wickedness, graceful- 
 ness, passiveness, fearlessness, affectionateness, bashfulness, 
 manliness, wholesomeness, deliberateness, childishness, care- 
 lessness, mischievousness. 
 
 76. Omission of K. Words terminating with the 
 syllables action, ection, iction, uction are generally con- 
 tracted by the omission of the k, thus : 
 
 Key: putrefaction, disinfection, classification, affliction, con- 
 struction, mystification, confection, refraction, introduction. 
 
 77. Ful-Fully. The /-hook may be omitted for 
 a more convenient joining. On straight strokes the 
 /"-hook may be used, thus : 
 
 / 
 
 Key : disgraceful-ly, banef ul-ly, spoonful, glassful, wonderful- 
 ly, bountiful-ly, careful-ly, cheerful-ly, helpful-ly, heedful-ly, 
 joyful-ly. 
 
 78. Ship. The stroke ish, joined or disjoined, 
 expresses the suffix ship, thus : 
 
 y 
 
 Key : hardship, judgeship, statesmanship, generalship, horse- 
 manship, township, steamship, partnership. 
 
 79. Ficient-ly-cy. These terminations are abbre- 
 viated as shown in the following illustrations : 
 
 Key: efficient-ly-cy, deficient-ly-cy, sufficient-ly-cy.
 
 STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES 
 
 33 
 
 80. Tial-ly. These syllables are generally 
 omitted following the ;z-hook, thus: 
 
 jo c i 
 
 J J..... 
 
 Key: circumstantial-ly, credential, differential, potential-ly, 
 presidential, residential. 
 
 SYSTEMATIC CONTRACTIONS 
 
 Certain classes of words not heretofore listed are 
 regularly abbreviated according to definite rules of 
 ellipsis, as follows : 
 
 81. N. Omit n regularly in the prefix trans, and 
 elsewhere in outlines where it does not join conven- 
 iently, thus : 
 
 Key : transfer, transplant, transpire, transmissible, transfusion, 
 transmogrification, abandonment, attainment, counsel, chancery, 
 contentment, enchantment, frantic, harbinger, husbandman. 
 
 82. T. When t follows s it may be omitted for 
 convenience in such words as the following: 
 
 Key : accustom, breastbone, broomstick, domestic, earnest- 
 ness, expostulation, justify, lastly, mostly.
 
 34 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 83. Ing. This syllable may be omitted in many 
 compound words or phrases, such as are shown below: 
 
 Key: boarding house, clearing house, gambling house, knit- 
 ting machine, looking-glass, magnifying glass, meeting-house, 
 sleeping-car, stepping-stone. 
 
 84. Room. The r may be omitted from this word 
 and the m written detached below the preceding 
 stroke, as shown : 
 
 X x .v, L ^ 
 
 )(. ^-^ / ^ 
 
 Key : back room, baggage room, bedroom, dining-room, 
 engine-room.
 
 COMMONEST ENGLISH WORDS 35 
 
 COMMONEST ENGLISH WORDS 
 
 The two lists of commonest words following are 
 taken from the shorthand investigations of Godfrey 
 Dewey. 
 
 Previously published lists have been proved to be 
 not fully representative due to insufficient diversity 
 of the material counted. The lists following are 
 based on an investigation which countedandanalyzed 
 every word, syllable, and sound of 100,000 words of 
 connected matter, chosen in twenty well diversified 
 groups representative of good English as used 
 written, spoken, and printed today. The largest 
 count previously published, that of Cooke & O'Shea, 
 found only 2500 different words in 200,000 ; whereas 
 this count found 10,200 different words in 100,000. 
 In view of this strikingly superior diversity the fol- 
 lowing conclusions seem warranted. 
 
 The ten commonest words the, of, and, to, a, 
 in, that, it, is, I will be found to form over 25% 
 of all written, spoken, or printed matter. 
 
 The 100 commonest words, here listed in order of 
 frequency, will form over 50% of all matter. 
 
 The 1000 commonest words, here listed in alpha- 
 betic order, will be found to form over 75% of any 
 connected matter sufficiently long to be fairly repre- 
 sentative, and comprise all words which occur more 
 than once in 10,000 words. Beyond this point no 
 statement as to the commonest words of I^nglish can 
 have general significance ; for the nature of the words 
 found is no longer common to all grammatic dis- 
 course, but varies more and more widely with the 
 subject matter of the material analyzed. 
 
 Outlines for these commonest words will accord- 
 ingly repay particularly careful study.
 
 36 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 
 100 COMMONEST 
 
 WORDS 
 
 IN ORDER OF FREQUENCY 
 
 7310 the 
 
 390 has 
 
 170 made 
 
 3998 of 
 
 368 one 
 
 169 other 
 
 3280 and 
 
 331 our 
 
 166 into 
 
 2924 to 
 
 330 an 
 
 164 men 
 
 2120 a 
 
 328 been 
 
 163 must 
 
 2116 in 
 1345 that 
 
 321 no 
 315 their 
 
 163 people 
 161 said 
 
 1216 it 
 1213 is 
 
 306 there 
 305 were 
 
 160 may 
 156 man 
 
 1155 I 
 
 300 so 
 
 153 about 
 
 1035 for 
 846 be 
 
 296 my 
 263 if 
 
 153 over 
 152 some 
 
 839 was 
 
 257 me 
 
 152 these 
 
 782 as 
 
 253 what 
 
 146 two 
 
 775 you 
 727 with 
 
 252 would 
 248 who 
 
 145 very 
 139 before 
 
 680 he 
 643 on 
 
 237 when 
 234 him 
 
 134 great 
 133 could 
 
 617 have 
 
 228 them 
 
 132 such 
 
 600 by 
 589 not 
 585 at 
 572 this 
 542 are 
 
 222 her 
 214 war 
 214 your 
 210 any 
 210 more 
 
 131 first 
 129 upon 
 124 every 
 124 how 
 123 come 
 
 529 we 
 
 210 now 
 
 123 us 
 
 517 his 
 
 208 its 
 
 120 shall 
 
 504 but 
 
 205 time 
 
 118 should 
 
 478 they 
 466 all 
 
 204 up 
 203 do 
 
 115 then 
 113 like 
 
 458 or 
 
 203 out 
 
 113 well 
 
 454 which 
 
 197 can 
 
 111 little 
 
 445 will 
 433 from 
 411 had. 
 
 194 than 
 189 only 
 188 she 
 
 111 say 
 
 Total, 54,303
 
 1000 COMMONEST WO-RDS 
 
 37 
 
 1000 COMMONEST WORDS 
 
 IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER 
 
 A 
 
 35 amount 
 
 1 1 bear 
 
 2120 a 
 
 330 an 
 
 14 beautiful 
 
 30 able 
 
 3280 and 
 
 1 1 became , 
 
 153 about 
 
 17 announced 
 
 108 because 
 
 25 above 
 
 15 announcement 
 
 30 become 
 
 1 1 abroad 
 
 58 another 
 
 328 been 
 
 1 7 according 
 
 18 answer 
 
 139 before 
 
 20 account 
 
 210 any 
 
 23 began 
 
 14 across 
 
 30 anything 
 
 27 beginning 
 
 15 act 
 
 12 apparently 
 
 24 behind 
 
 28 action 
 
 11 appeared 
 
 108 being 
 
 . 11 acts 
 
 11 approximately 
 
 40 believe 
 
 1 2 addition 
 
 542 are 
 
 52 best 
 
 15 address 
 
 13 armies 
 
 32 better 
 
 24 administration 
 
 43 army 
 
 60 between 
 
 12 advance 
 
 22 around 
 
 19 beyond 
 
 14 advantage 
 
 13 arrived 
 
 50 big 
 
 16 affairs 
 
 14 art 
 
 15 bill 
 
 11 afraid 
 
 18 artillery 
 
 13 black 
 
 107 after 
 
 782 as 
 
 11 blue 
 
 31 afternoon 
 
 30 ask 
 
 15 board 
 
 62 again 
 
 36 asked 
 
 18 body 
 
 73 against 
 
 585 at 
 
 19 bombardment 
 
 19 age 
 
 18 attack 
 
 18 bonds 
 
 11 agents 
 
 12 attacks 
 
 11 book 
 
 36 ago 
 
 19 attention 
 
 34 books 
 
 13 aid 
 
 15 attitude 
 
 1 1 bore 
 
 23 air 
 
 17 authority 
 
 45 both 
 
 466 all 
 
 15 available 
 
 1 1 bought 
 
 15 allies 
 
 16 avenue 
 
 13 boy 
 
 37 almost 
 
 14 average 
 
 28 boys 
 
 21 alone 
 
 58 away 
 
 11 bread 
 
 28 along 
 
 16 awfully 
 
 13 break 
 
 27 already 
 
 
 19 bring 
 
 69 also 
 
 B 
 
 13 broken 
 
 18 although 
 
 75 back 
 
 33 brought 
 
 13 altogether 
 
 15 bad 
 
 25 building 
 
 62 always 
 
 14 basis 
 
 24 built 
 
 75 am 
 
 38 battle 
 
 91 business 
 
 46 among 
 
 846 be 
 
 11 busy
 
 38 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 504 but 
 
 23 coming. 
 
 22 department 
 
 27 buy 
 
 14 command 
 
 13 desire 
 
 600 by 
 
 29 committee 
 
 11 developed 
 
 
 - 29 common 
 
 100 did 
 
 C 
 
 . 17 community 
 
 23 didn't 
 
 40 call 
 
 - 23 company 
 
 12 difference 
 
 32 called 
 
 ,28 complete 
 
 25 different 
 
 71 came 
 
 13 condition 
 
 30 dinner 
 
 11 campaign 
 
 38 conditions 
 
 12 direct 
 
 197 can 
 
 12 confidence 
 
 14 distance 
 
 58 cannot 
 
 15 consider 
 
 203 do 
 
 21 can't 
 
 12 considerable 
 
 53 does 
 
 33 capital 
 
 13 considered 
 
 36 doing 
 
 17 car 
 
 11 construction 
 
 22 dollars 
 
 12 carbon 
 
 20 continue 
 
 40 done 
 
 23 care 
 
 16 contract 
 
 67 don't 
 
 21 carried 
 
 17 control 
 
 18 doubt 
 
 23 carry 
 
 12 cooperation 
 
 95 down 
 
 18 cars 
 
 11 corn 
 
 13 drawn 
 
 52 case 
 
 12 correspondent 
 
 24 drive 
 
 19 cases 
 
 21 cost 
 
 12 driven 
 
 1 1 caught 
 
 11 costs 
 
 15 due 
 
 32 cause 
 
 133 could 
 
 41 during 
 
 12 causes 
 
 14 couldn't 
 
 18 duty 
 
 39 cent 
 
 92 country 
 
 
 30 cents 
 
 16 county 
 
 E 
 
 34 certain 
 
 37 course 
 
 63 each 
 
 14 certainly 
 
 22 court 
 
 34 early 
 
 13 chair 
 
 11 credit 
 
 11 earth 
 
 21 change 
 
 . 12 cream 
 
 14 easily 
 
 12 changed 
 
 18 cut 
 
 19 easy 
 
 17 character 
 
 
 17 effect 
 
 23 charge 
 
 D 
 
 15 efficiency 
 
 19 check 
 
 11 daily 
 
 21 effort 
 
 14 chief 
 
 14 danger 
 
 23 eight 
 
 24 child 
 
 14 date 
 
 36 either 
 
 35 children 
 
 101 day 
 
 11 election 
 
 14 citizens 
 
 70 days 
 
 24 electric 
 
 44 city 
 
 48 dear 
 
 16 else 
 
 12 claim 
 
 12 declared 
 
 11 enclosed 
 
 14 class 
 
 11 deep 
 
 33 end 
 
 23 clear 
 
 14 defender 
 
 31 enemy 
 
 13 close 
 
 14 defense 
 
 17 enforced 
 
 33 coal 
 
 16 delay 
 
 11 engaged 
 
 17 cold 
 
 11 delivered 
 
 11 engine 
 
 123 come 
 
 / 16 demand 
 
 44 enough 
 
 23 comes 
 
 12 demanded 
 
 14 entire
 
 1000 COMMONEST WORDS 
 
 39 
 
 15 entirely 
 
 21 fight 
 
 89 get 
 
 14 equipment 
 
 40 fighting 
 
 12 gets 
 
 14 established 
 
 17 figures 
 
 16 getting 
 
 94 even 
 
 11 filled 
 
 32 girl 
 
 21 evening 
 
 15 final 
 
 18 girls 
 
 51 ever 
 
 11 finally 
 
 57 give 
 
 124 every 
 
 49 find 
 
 46 given 
 
 17 everything 
 
 17 fine 
 
 13 gives 
 
 14 everywhere 
 
 15 fire 
 
 11 giving 
 
 12 excellent 
 
 131 first 
 
 21 glad 
 
 23 except 
 
 12 fish 
 
 73 go 
 
 11 executive 
 
 49 five 
 
 11 goes 
 
 15 existence 
 
 25 flour 
 
 60 going 
 
 11 existing 
 
 12 follow 
 
 12 gold 
 
 12 expect 
 
 14 followed 
 
 20 gone 
 
 11 expected 
 
 21 following 
 
 106 good 
 
 17 experience 
 
 11 follows 
 
 17 goods 
 
 12 experts 
 
 53 food 
 
 50 got 
 
 11 express 
 
 13 foot 
 
 57 government 
 
 1 1 expressed 
 
 1035 for 
 
 134 great 
 
 18 eye 
 
 23 force 
 
 16 greater 
 
 33 eyes 
 
 13 forces 
 
 11 greatest 
 
 
 18 foreign 
 
 15 greatly 
 
 F 
 
 12 forget 
 
 23 ground 
 
 30 face 
 
 . 18 form 
 
 12 grown 
 
 58 fact 
 
 11 forth 
 
 44 gun 
 
 13 facts 
 
 33 forty 
 
 23 guns 
 
 13 fail 
 
 17 forward 
 
 
 15 failure 
 
 55 found 
 
 H 
 
 11 fair 
 
 35 four 
 
 411 had 
 
 11 fall 
 
 32 free 
 
 58 half 
 
 22 family 
 
 11 freedom 
 
 46 hand 
 
 63 far 
 
 18 fresh 
 
 32 hands 
 
 13 farm 
 
 17 friend 
 
 11 happen 
 
 11 fast 
 
 17 friends 
 
 19 happy 
 
 17 father 
 
 433 from 
 
 21 hard 
 
 12 favor 
 
 46 front 
 
 390 has 
 
 13 fear 
 
 35 full 
 
 617 have 
 
 32 feel 
 
 11 fund 
 
 31 having 
 
 16 feeling 
 
 29 further 
 
 680 he 
 
 30 feet 
 
 29 future 
 
 27 head 
 
 14 fell 
 
 
 25 hear 
 
 15 fellow 
 
 G 
 
 23 heard 
 
 15 felt 
 
 ll gained 
 
 18 heart 
 
 54 few 
 
 36 gave 
 
 21 heavy 
 
 20 field 
 
 37 general 
 
 29 held 
 
 18 fifty 
 
 16 generally 
 
 25 help
 
 40 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 222 her 
 
 19 interesting 
 
 107 here 
 
 166 into 
 
 11 herself 
 
 11 involved 
 
 46 high 
 
 1213 is 
 
 17 higher 
 
 11 isn't 
 
 234 him 
 
 16 issue 
 
 51 himself 
 
 1216 it 
 
 517 his 
 
 208 its 
 
 18 history 
 
 38 it's 
 
 22 hold 
 
 26 itself 
 
 1 1 holding 
 
 20 I've 
 
 . 63 home 
 
 
 16 honor 
 
 J 
 
 30 hope 
 
 13 job 
 
 12 horse 
 
 11 judgment 
 
 17 horses 
 
 86 just 
 
 26 hour 
 
 20 justice 
 
 26 hours 
 
 
 53 house 
 
 K 
 
 124 how 
 
 32 keep 
 
 22 however 
 
 22 kept 
 
 19 human 
 
 31 kind 
 
 21 hundred 
 
 13 kindly 
 
 
 30 knew 
 
 I 
 
 102 know 
 
 1155 I 
 
 24 knowledge 
 
 11 I'd 
 
 33 known 
 
 29 idea 
 
 30 knows 
 
 13 ideas 
 
 
 263 if 
 
 L 
 
 20 I'll 
 
 39 labor 
 
 30 I'm 
 
 11 lack 
 
 14 immediate 
 
 13 laid 
 
 12 immediately 
 
 25 land 
 
 1 1 immense 
 
 39 large 
 
 24 important 
 
 12 largely 
 
 26 impossible 
 
 15 larger 
 
 2116 in 
 
 18 largest 
 
 15 increased 
 
 77 last 
 
 24 indeed 
 
 12 late 
 
 15 industrial 
 
 12 later 
 
 15 industry 
 
 11 latter 
 
 11 influence 
 
 34 law 
 
 24 information 
 
 16 laws 
 
 1 1 instance 
 
 13 learn 
 
 17 instead 
 
 15 learned 
 
 48 interest 
 
 19 least 
 
 18 leave 
 48 left 
 53 less 
 
 51 let 
 36 letter 
 
 20 letters 
 
 12 liberty 
 89 life 
 
 18 light 
 113 like 
 
 52 line 
 
 27 lines 
 
 21 list 
 111 little 
 
 20 live 
 
 22 living 
 
 25 loan 
 94 long 
 
 1 1 longer 
 30 look 
 
 13 looked 
 
 23 looking 
 20 loss 
 
 15 losses 
 
 28 lost 
 32 love 
 
 16 low 
 
 M 
 
 18 machine 
 170 made 
 
 16 main 
 
 12 majority 
 '105 make 
 
 26 makes 
 32 making 
 
 156 man 
 104 many 
 
 13 market 
 12 married 
 
 19 material 
 71 matter 
 
 160 may 
 
 257 me 
 23 mean 
 46 means 
 12 measure
 
 1000 COMMONEST WORDS 
 
 41 
 
 1 7 meat 
 
 12 native 
 
 643 on 
 
 19 meet 
 
 12 natural 
 
 59 once 
 
 20 meeting 
 
 20 nature 
 
 368 one 
 
 16 members 
 
 23 near 
 
 14 ones 
 
 19 memory 
 
 15 nearly 
 
 189 only 
 
 164 men 
 
 35 necessary 
 
 31 open 
 
 1 1 mental 
 
 15 necessity 
 
 14 operation 
 
 12 mere 
 
 32 need 
 
 24 opinion 
 
 18 merely 
 
 12 needed 
 
 16 opportunity 
 
 20 met 
 
 21 needs 
 
 458 or 
 
 20 method 
 
 13 neither 
 
 48 order 
 
 12 middle 
 
 13 neutral 
 
 13 orders 
 
 77 might 
 
 101 never 
 
 12 ordinary 
 
 12 mile 
 
 99 new 
 
 12 organization 
 
 20 miles 
 
 18 news 
 
 169 other 
 
 51 military 
 
 44 next 
 
 25 others 
 
 19 milk 
 
 46 night 
 
 16 ought 
 
 11 mill 
 
 321 no 
 
 331 our 
 
 22 million 
 
 12 nobody 
 
 20 ourselves 
 
 16 millions 
 
 13 non 
 
 203 out 
 
 39 mind 
 
 17 none 
 
 153 over 
 
 13 minute 
 
 28 nor 
 
 75 own 
 
 16 minutes 
 
 ,,12 normal 
 
 
 15 miss 
 
 11 north 
 
 P 
 
 23 modern 
 
 589 not 
 
 16 paid 
 
 27 moment 
 
 24 note 
 
 13 paper 
 
 60 money 
 
 61 nothing 
 
 79 part 
 
 24 month 
 
 210 now 
 
 19 particular 
 
 32 months 
 
 . 32 number 
 
 17 parts 
 
 210 more 
 
 , 18 numbers 
 
 27 party 
 
 45 morning 
 
 
 20 pass 
 
 105 most 
 
 
 17 passed 
 
 20 mother 
 
 
 29 past 
 
 13 motor 
 
 17 object 
 
 14 patriotism 
 
 1 1 move 
 
 21 o'clock 
 
 43 pay 
 
 14 moved 
 
 3998 of 
 
 59 peace 
 
 104 much 
 
 43 off 
 
 163 people 
 
 163 must 
 
 22 offensive 
 
 12 peoples 
 
 296 my 
 
 27 office 
 
 60 per 
 
 33 myself 
 
 23 officers 
 
 21 perfect 
 
 
 1 1 offices 
 
 26 perhaps 
 
 N 
 
 22 official 
 
 14 period 
 
 40 name 
 
 12 officials 
 
 17 permit 
 
 14 names 
 
 27 often 
 
 19 permitted 
 
 37 nation 
 
 53 oh 
 
 14 person 
 
 21 national 
 
 19 oil 
 
 15 personal 
 
 16 nations 
 
 75 old 
 
 13 persons
 
 42 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 16 picture 
 
 Q 
 
 161 said 
 
 11 pictures 
 
 li quality 
 
 67 same 
 
 52 place 
 
 23 question 
 
 14 sat 
 
 12 placed 
 
 16 questions 
 
 13 satisfactory 
 
 18 places 
 
 12 quickly 
 
 33 save 
 
 16 plain 
 
 27 quite 
 
 17 saved 
 
 22 plan 
 
 R 
 
 14 saving 
 
 19 plans 
 
 11 railroads 
 
 41 saw 
 
 18 play 
 
 20 range 
 
 111 say 
 
 15 please- 
 
 18 rate 
 
 27 saying 
 
 16 pleased 
 
 32 rather 
 
 52 says 
 
 16 pleasure 
 
 17 reach 
 
 23 school 
 
 32 point 
 
 13 reached 
 
 25 sea 
 
 11 police 
 
 24 read 
 
 24 second 
 
 23 political 
 
 14 read (p) 
 
 12 section 
 
 23 poor 
 
 19 ready 
 
 13 secure 
 
 23 position 
 
 31 real 
 
 103 see 
 
 12 possibility 
 
 33 really 
 
 11 seeing 
 
 54 possible 
 
 23 reason 
 
 19 seem 
 
 22 pound 
 
 16 reasons 
 
 26 seemed 
 
 26 pounds 
 
 23 received 
 
 30 seems 
 
 57 power 
 
 IS recent 
 
 36 seen 
 
 15 practical 
 
 16 recently 
 
 17 self 
 
 61 present 
 
 13 red 
 
 28 send 
 
 17 president 
 
 20 regard 
 
 19 sense 
 
 13 press 
 
 14 region 
 
 28 sent 
 
 13 pressure 
 
 22 remember 
 
 13 serious 
 
 23 pretty 
 
 19 report 
 
 11 served 
 
 12 prevent 
 
 12 reported 
 
 48 service 
 
 30 price 
 
 22 reports 
 
 48 set 
 
 11 prices 
 12 principle 
 11 private 
 18 probably 
 
 18 required 
 15 respectfully 
 11 responsible 
 18 rest 
 
 13 seven 
 37 several 
 120 shall 
 11 shape 
 
 18 problem 
 
 28 result 
 
 188 she 
 
 21 products 
 
 17 return 
 
 15 shells 
 
 15 progress 
 
 91 right 
 
 18 ship 
 
 21 proper 
 
 12 ring 
 
 12 shipment 
 
 16 property 
 
 21 road 
 
 11 shipping 
 
 16 proposed 
 
 ' 21 room 
 
 20 ships 
 
 13 provide 
 
 14 round 
 
 118 should 
 
 13 provided 
 
 18 run 
 
 31 show 
 
 68 public 
 
 11 running 
 
 13 showing 
 
 11 pure 
 
 
 12 shown 
 
 42 purpose 
 
 S 
 
 43 side 
 
 16 purposes 
 
 13 sacrifice 
 
 16 sight 
 
 63 put 
 
 15 safe 
 
 19 similar
 
 43 
 
 18 simple 
 
 14 strike 
 
 44 thing 
 
 13 simply 
 
 11 striking 
 
 82 things 
 
 52 since 
 
 14 strong 
 
 73 think 
 
 13 single 
 
 14 study 
 
 19 thinking 
 
 14 sit 
 
 32 subject 
 
 22 third 
 
 12 sitting 
 
 19 success 
 
 24 thirty 
 
 40 situation 
 
 11 successful 
 
 572 this 
 
 37 six 
 
 132 such 
 
 104 those 
 
 13 size 
 
 12 suit 
 
 38 though 
 
 46 small 
 
 11 sum 
 
 67 thought 
 
 300 so 
 
 16 summer 
 
 27 thousand 
 
 16 social 
 
 18 support 
 
 13 thousands 
 
 15 sold 
 
 14 supplies 
 
 75 three 
 
 27 soldiers 
 
 19 supply 
 
 78 through 
 
 152 some 
 
 17 suppose 
 
 14 throughout 
 
 40 something 
 
 21 sure 
 
 17 thus 
 
 14 sometimes 
 
 11 surely 
 
 19 till 
 
 42 soon 
 
 11 sweet 
 
 - 205 time 
 
 20 sort 
 
 19 system 
 
 27 times 
 
 16 south 
 
 
 2924 to 
 
 17 speak 
 
 
 68 today 
 
 12 speaking 
 
 
 17 to-day 
 
 26 special 
 
 13 table 
 
 25 together 
 
 12 spent 
 
 86 take 
 
 33 told 
 
 14 spirit 
 
 46 taken 
 
 11 tomorrow 
 
 11 spring 
 
 22 taking 
 
 12 tonight 
 
 11 staff 
 
 20 talk 
 
 16 tons 
 
 12 stage 
 
 16 task . 
 
 57 too 
 
 43 stand 
 
 12 taught 
 
 40 took 
 
 14 standard 
 
 22 tea 
 
 17 total 
 
 1 1 started 
 
 51 tell 
 
 13 touch 
 
 36 state 
 
 12 telling 
 
 19 toward 
 
 38 statement 
 
 24 ten 
 
 18 town 
 
 12 station 
 
 17 terms 
 
 11 trade 
 
 11 stay 
 
 194 than 
 
 19 train 
 
 48 steel 
 
 21 thank 
 
 17 training 
 
 14 step 
 
 1345 that 
 
 13 trains 
 
 58 still 
 
 21 that's 
 
 15 transportation 
 
 11 stone 
 
 7310 the 
 
 26 troops 
 
 16 stood 
 
 315 their 
 
 21 trouble 
 
 19 stooped 
 
 . 228 them 
 
 30 true 
 
 12 stop 
 
 , 34 themselves 
 
 30 truly 
 
 20 story 
 
 115 then 
 
 17 trust 
 
 11 straight 
 
 306 there 
 
 21 truth 
 
 17 strange 
 
 16 therefore 
 
 14 try 
 
 21 street 
 
 152 these 
 
 11 trying 
 
 19 strength 
 
 478 they 
 
 17 turn
 
 44 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 30 turned 
 
 12 wants 
 
 13 wise 
 
 13 twelve 
 
 214 war 
 
 28 wish 
 
 30 twenty 
 
 839 was 
 
 727 with 
 
 146 two 
 
 11 wasn't 
 
 20 within 
 
 12 type 
 
 39 water 
 
 70 without 
 
 
 104 way 
 
 59 woman 
 
 U 
 
 15 ways 
 
 47 women 
 
 108 under 
 
 529 we 
 
 15 won 
 
 19 understand 
 
 13 weather 
 
 14 wonder 
 
 12 unknown 
 
 25 week 
 
 17 won't 
 
 21 unless 
 
 15 weeks 
 
 19 word 
 
 50 until 
 
 113 well 
 
 18 words 
 
 16 unto 
 
 50 went 
 
 83 work 
 
 204 up 
 
 305 were 
 
 13 working 
 
 129 upon 
 
 15 west 
 
 12 works 
 
 123 us 
 
 253 what 
 
 103 world 
 
 28 use 
 
 16 whatever 
 
 22 worth 
 
 36 use (v) 
 
 32 wheat 
 
 1 1 worse 
 
 45 used 
 
 237 when 
 
 252 would 
 
 12 using 
 
 83 where 
 
 15 wouldn't 
 
 12 usual 
 
 31 whether 
 
 21 write 
 
 
 454 which 
 
 14 written 
 
 V 
 
 78 while 
 
 32 wrong 
 
 26 value , 
 
 16 white 
 
 
 14 various 
 
 248 who 
 
 Y 
 
 145 very 
 
 45 whole 
 
 59 year 
 
 15 vessels 
 
 28 whom 
 
 93 years 
 
 20 victory 
 
 42 whose 
 
 23 yes 
 
 29 view 
 
 51 why 
 
 33 yesterday 
 
 13 village 
 
 11 wide 
 
 68 yet 
 
 12 voice 
 
 1 1 wife 
 
 775 you 
 
 
 11 wild 
 
 41 young 
 
 W 
 
 445 will 
 
 214 your 
 
 14 wait 
 
 13 willing 
 
 16 you're 
 
 44 want 
 
 17 win 
 
 56 yours 
 
 24 wanted 
 
 1 1 \vinter 
 
 12 yourself 
 
 Number of words counted ...... 100,000 
 
 Words in this list (which includes all used more than 
 
 once in 10,000 words) 1,027 
 
 Total occurrences of words listed .... 78,633
 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 45 
 
 INTRODUCTION TO WORD SIGN AND 
 CONTRACTION LIST 
 
 On the following pages will be found an alphabeti- 
 cal list of all the word signs and contractions recom- 
 mended by the Committee. This list is not intended 
 in any way as a general vocabulary or phrase list, 
 although many words have been included which are 
 not strictly word signs or contractions. Such words 
 have been inserted either because many writers use 
 contractions for them and the long form is inserted 
 to show the Committee's preference, or they have 
 been added for illustrative purposes. The few phrases 
 which have been included are given to show their 
 relation to one of the word signs or contractions. 
 
 Word signs (outlines composed of single strokes 
 and appendages) are printed in bold-face type. 
 Words which are derived directly from word signs 
 are indented. Words which are inserted because of 
 danger of conflict or for comparison and which are 
 not necessarily in their alphabetical order are in- 
 dented and placed in parentheses. 
 
 In Pitmanic shorthand, several methods are em- 
 ployed for indicating the past tense. In the list of 
 words following, four such methods are indicated 
 and when one of these four methods may be em- 
 ployed, the fact is indicated by a superior letter or 
 character as shown in the key on the following page.
 
 46 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 KEY TO WORD SIGN AND 
 CONTRACTION LIST 
 
 adjudge d the past tense should be expressed by 
 
 a joined dm /. 
 
 abOlish-ed d .... the outline given is usually safe for all 
 forms indicated, but when necessary, the 
 past tense may be expressed by a joined 
 d or /. 
 
 accept"* 1 the past tense should be expressed by a 
 
 disjoined d or /. 
 
 acquiesce-d~ d . . . the outline given is usually safe for all 
 forms indicated, but when necessary, the 
 past tense may be expressed by a dis- 
 joined d or t. 
 
 engage -ment . . . the past tense should be expressed by 
 halving the final stroke. 
 
 accompany-ied -ment the outline given is usually safe for all 
 forms indicated, but when necessary, the 
 past tense may be expressed by halving 
 the final stroke. 
 
 abstract" the past tense should be expressed by 
 
 making the final stroke double length. 
 
 acquaint-ed 2 -ance . the outline given is usually safe for all 
 forms indicated, but when necessary, the 
 past tense may be expressed by making 
 the final stroke double length. 
 
 accomplisn-ed 1 ... the hyphens indicate that the outline 
 -ment given is used for all three forms. 
 
 acceptable- .... the hyphen indicates that the outline is for 
 ness acceptableness and not for acceptable. 
 
 (voc.) indicates that the outline should be 
 
 vocalized. 
 
 (V) indicates that the word is a verb. 
 
 (n) indicates that the word is a noun.
 
 Woun SIGNS AMD CONTRACTIONS 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 
 
 47 
 
 A 
 
 a . 
 
 accident <f. 
 accidental .*f. 
 
 acquiescent ^.... 
 acquirement . ... . ... 
 
 ability ^ 
 
 (incidental) ^" 
 
 active-ity 
 
 able-bodied N^ 
 
 (suddenly) ..J.^.... 
 
 addition \ 
 
 abolish-ed d f 
 
 accommodate 2 
 
 \ 
 
 (adhesion) V! 
 
 about _ 
 
 accommodation LJ 
 
 (condition) 
 
 above-men- >> 
 
 accommodative u 
 
 (edition) \j 
 
 tioned ^-o 
 abstract 2 X^ 
 
 (obstruct) ^y 
 
 accompanist _ 
 accompany 
 
 additional-ly ..1 
 
 7 
 
 abstractedly .v.. 
 
 -ied'-ment ^- 
 accomplice ^^ 
 
 (voc) f 
 
 adjutant-gen- .. / 
 
 y 
 
 abstractor \ 
 
 (common- . \o 
 
 eral 7 
 admeasurement </ U 
 
 1 
 
 abstraction Iv 
 
 place) i 
 accomplish-ed 1 
 
 aclminister-ed 1 1 
 
 U 
 
 (obstruction) >\ 
 
 -ment 
 according 
 
 1 J 
 
 (destroy) .. T 
 
 u 
 abstractive v 
 
 according to 
 
 administerial I 
 
 1 
 
 abstractly v 
 
 accordingly 
 
 i/' 
 administrable 1 
 
 T 
 accept" 1 * _ 
 
 accurate 
 
 5 
 administra- ^ 1 . 
 
 (except) \ 
 
 accuracy c ) 
 
 tion 1 * 
 
 (decision) * 
 
 (expect) .\. 
 
 accurately .. . /^" 
 
 (demonstra- ...VT- .. 
 
 acceptability 
 
 acceptable 
 
 \ 
 
 acceptable- 
 
 acknowledge-d 1 '.. 
 -ment 
 acquaint-ed 2 ..^r^^,... 
 -ance 
 acquaintance- ^_^ 
 
 tion) U 
 (destruction) ..\ 
 
 administrative ...1. 
 administrator I 
 
 ness ^N^ 
 acceptance 
 Ij? 
 acceptation 
 p 
 
 ship -=s 
 acquiesce-d" d 1. 
 
 acquiescence 2^_p 
 
 1 
 
 administratrix .r.l 
 
 admittedly ~T~^~*..
 
 48 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 admonish-ed~ d I .. 
 
 adviser ^\ 
 
 agriculturBt 
 
 -tion f"^ 
 (diminish) .\^t > .. 
 
 advisory ^^.. 
 
 ah 
 
 advancement .1^ 
 
 (officer) ^S . 
 
 alcohol f 
 
 advantage ./ 
 
 (official) S^ 
 
 falkali) s s~ 
 
 (age) ./ 
 
 advised . 
 
 alcoholic /" 
 
 advantages ./ 
 
 advisedly ^"* 
 
 alcoholism s 
 
 -ous 
 advantage- .J,. 
 
 affect-ed 2 1^. 
 
 alderman ' 
 
 ously ( . 
 
 (justly) ./^T 
 
 advantage- .(^ 
 
 (effect) .^> 
 affection-ate ..V^J . 
 
 (aldermen) ./.... 
 aldermanic 
 
 ousness . 
 (justness) .a~~ y 
 
 (fashion) i 
 
 all 
 
 adventure-d d 1 
 
 affectionate- ..Ss^~TT.. 
 
 all right 
 
 advertise 1 
 
 ness o 
 afflict .^ 
 
 all-round 
 
 b 
 advertiser ..I. 
 
 (conflict) ^~ 
 
 all-sufficient \^J. 
 
 *s 
 
 advertised 
 
 affliction ^5 
 
 allegation Y~ 
 
 b 
 
 (distributed) ..li 
 advertisement 1 
 
 aforementioned .JL 
 aforesaid i 
 
 Lf 
 
 (election) !"o 
 v~ 
 allopath-y ' 
 
 (ad) ..I... . 
 
 Vo 
 
 (for said) SJ 
 
 allopathic-ally .XT ... 
 
 .1 
 (due) ..I. . 
 
 after A . 
 
 allopathist .... .: 
 
 advice ]Sfc. 
 
 afternoon . y 
 
 almighty 
 
 (device) ,J\ . 
 
 (forenoon) ^~^_y 
 
 almost 
 
 advisable -^v. 
 
 agency / 
 
 along 
 
 -ility .. ^ 
 (feasible) .^. 
 
 agent _, 
 
 alongshore 
 
 (visible) \P 
 
 (gentleman) 
 
 alongside 
 
 advisableness . ^^o- 
 
 aggregate-d 2 
 
 (inside) 
 
 advise ..S 
 
 ago i 
 
 along there 
 
 advisement .!*? 
 
 agriculture-al 
 
 already
 
 WOR 
 altogether 
 
 D SIGNS AND CONTRA 
 antagonize-d" d 
 
 ACTIONS 4^ 
 (none) s_j? 
 
 am 
 
 Antarctic -i^y\ 
 
 anyway 
 
 amalgamate-d' d 
 
 antedate-d 2 
 
 apart *\ 
 
 -tion C7^ 
 America c - 
 
 North Amer- ....^?!.... 
 ica 
 South Amer- . 
 
 antenuptial ^^.J .. 
 
 apoplectic ^. 
 
 anthropologist .^Ss^.. 
 
 apoplexy x 
 
 anthropology ]*x... 
 
 appear 
 
 ica *"* 
 
 Americanism ^r^-Tfnv 
 
 Americaniza- ^-^ c 
 tion 
 amount .< 
 
 -ical ^5 
 antichristian 
 
 appearance ... . 
 
 anxiety .> 
 
 P 
 (honesty) ' 
 
 (principles) .^\ 
 appearances O 
 
 (account) 
 
 anxious .!7rr1 
 
 applicable-y ^ 
 
 amount to ^ 
 
 anxiously .rr^U.... 
 anxiousness . ^7- 6 .... 
 any 
 
 -ility 
 application *\ , 
 
 anything 
 an 
 
 (obligation) .Xi 
 apply 1 ^.. 
 
 and 
 angel /. 
 angelic / 
 angina pectoris !^r> 
 
 anybody ..^ .. 
 
 <t 
 
 (belong) ..> 
 
 (nobody) .v.^^...... 
 anyhow 
 
 (follow) yC. .. 
 
 appliance Siy 
 o^ 
 
 (plans) ^ 
 apportion-ed" d \/ .. 
 
 Anglo-Saxon 
 
 anything 
 
 anguish ""^ 
 
 anything (in 
 
 (unusual-ly) ..TI2. 
 annual-ly 
 annual report 
 
 phrases) 
 (nothing) .^ 
 
 (enough) .?T?Sr,.. 
 anywhere 
 
 -ment 
 appreciation 9S^ 
 
 C 5 
 (persuasion) ..^c 
 
 (precision) .....v! 
 
 another s s... 
 another one ^ <-? 
 antagonism .... 
 antagonist 
 
 any other 
 
 (procession) ...^ 
 apprehend"* 1 . 
 
 o 
 
 apprehensible ."V. 
 apprehension .'V 
 apprehensive-ly .!\. 
 
 any other one 
 
 (neither one) * 
 
 anyone 
 
 antagonistic ^ 
 
 (no one) .^G.^^..
 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 approximate"" 1 ..>. 
 
 (irrigation) 
 
 astonishingly TTT N .... 
 
 (proximate) . . .V~ T . 
 
 argumentative ~N 
 
 astronomical .1 
 
 (presumed) .rv.. 
 
 aristocracy \ 
 
 astronomy-ic .).. 
 
 approximately ...ft!\. 
 
 ^ 
 aristocrat-ic \ 
 
 at I 
 
 approximation .JO... 
 (presump- .^r~> 
 
 around 
 
 o 
 
 arrangement ^> 
 
 1 
 
 at some time ..L 
 
 at the same ..I.. . 
 
 tion) 
 arbitrarily \> ^, 
 
 arrive 1 
 
 time 
 at all .P 
 
 arbitrary .~X ... 
 arbitrate-d z .~\ 
 
 artistic 
 artistical-ly /^.. 
 
 Atlantic ocean .^ v ..- y . 
 attitude 
 
 arbitration y\ 
 
 a 
 
 as 
 
 \ 
 
 attorney-gen- v^^/ 
 
 ^U 
 arbitrative ji 
 
 as it 
 
 eral ^7 
 attraction *\ 
 
 ^ w 
 
 arbitrator V 
 
 (first) .O. 
 
 aught 
 
 archbishop ...L.\^.. 
 jrcheologist 7 
 
 as it is _ 
 as thr 
 
 auspicious .*L 
 auspiciously \ 
 
 -\ 
 archeology-ical ....V~yT . 
 
 0' 
 
 as to 
 
 auspiciousness .C 
 
 architect ~-v 
 
 <7 
 ascendency \^ . 
 
 ( 
 authenticity j 
 
 architecture-al ~N 
 
 ask (in phrases) 
 
 automobile s! 
 
 -ally VZ 
 Arctic ' 
 
 aspect \ 
 
 (table) .1 
 
 arduously .^sC. 
 arduousness . 
 are ^\./L. 
 
 asphyxia-te-ted" d :N,. 
 asphyxiation ."S^ 
 assemble-d" d .i^~. 
 
 avenue (in .\^_ 
 
 phrases) 
 average ..^.. 
 
 (verge) Ssl 
 
 are not ~i 
 
 assemblyman ) * ^ 
 
 (voyage) ^"7 . 
 
 you are not .r/.. .^\ 
 you will not <-/ 
 
 (assembly- .Irrr^^r^. 
 men) ^ 
 assist-ed-ance 
 
 aware ....^s. 
 
 i 
 awe-d 
 
 argument "x 
 
 (assistant) 
 
 awesome 
 
 argumentation ~"\ ~^ 
 
 astonish-ed d ' 
 
 awful-ly 
 
 
 -ment 

 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 
 
 51 
 
 awfulness ^~ s> 
 
 (bushel) \\ 
 baptism \ 
 
 behind .^ 
 
 aye (always) 
 
 
 aye (yes) 
 
 baptismal \ 
 
 belief .\> 
 
 B 
 
 backstairs v 
 
 Baptist V 
 
 believe-* .\ 
 
 baotistrv V 
 
 believable .!V. 
 believer Arv 
 (bluffer) .S^ 
 
 bacteriology .^r-rrr/.. 
 
 -ical v 
 bacteriologist ....? L 
 
 baggage x 
 (badge) (voc.).-^ 
 (object) (n.) 'y 
 (object) (v.) ,\.. 
 
 ^ 
 baptize \. 
 
 >e 
 
 baptized V 
 
 be \S 
 
 belong"" 1 ..S 
 
 because 
 
 belongings .._o 
 
 become v 
 becomingly X ; 
 becomingness \... 
 before \s 
 
 benediction ...!j?. 
 benefactor .v. 
 
 (package) V. 
 balance ^ ' 
 
 benefactress v_>^-. 
 
 benevolent-ly %..,_. ^.., 
 -ence v ^*- 
 benignant-ly ^~r^~~.. 
 
 (plans) .. 
 balanceable *y 
 
 beforehand \>^ 
 
 befo re-men- \O. 
 tioned 
 began 
 
 \ 
 
 besoeak \. 
 
 balance-sheet .V;. . . 
 
 bespoke ^V... 
 
 % ' 
 
 bespoken ID 
 
 balanced S... 
 
 ^ 
 
 bank x 
 bank-bill V 
 
 begin 
 
 beginner "> 
 
 P 
 between 
 
 beginning 
 
 beyond 
 
 bank-stock \ 
 
 begins 
 
 billion (after ^ 
 
 bankable .V 
 banked V^ 
 banker N. 
 
 begun . ., 
 behave-d^-ior -v 
 beheld 
 behold x. 
 
 figures) v 
 bishop ..J. 
 
 bishopric ^ 
 
 blacksmith ^ 
 
 bankrupt .\J 
 bankruptcy .\ 
 barrel ...... <\. 
 
 blacksmith shop ,?y^....l 
 bloodguilty .^ 
 bloodthirstiness .S<\ 
 
 beholden ^ 
 
 beholder .s:
 
 52 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 boarding school <y 
 bookkeeper \ 
 
 California .c S^.... 
 can 
 
 changeable- .A^ 
 ness 
 changeful d 
 
 bookstore V... 
 
 cannot "T 3 . 
 
 changefuhiess (!. 
 
 v>^ 
 
 boxcar ..r .. 
 
 can't 
 
 changeless / 
 
 brakeman \. ..^ 
 
 capable .N ... 
 
 changeless- J/G 
 
 CV 
 
 capital stock \ .. 
 
 ness 
 changer ../ 
 
 (foreman) ^^~^.. 
 
 
 chapter / 
 
 
 captaincy 
 
 
 ^i> 
 brethren *\ 
 
 carpenter 
 
 r1iarartpri<;tir r, 
 
 brother ^V 
 
 carpentry y 
 
 rharartpristiral 
 
 brother-in- . \ 
 
 cash-register "TT-^.. 
 
 -ly 
 
 law ^C-^ 
 brotherhood N. 
 
 cashbook 777 
 
 tion 
 
 build-t ^ 
 
 Catholic r 
 
 charge" 4 / 
 
 building . 
 
 Catholicism ~i 
 
 chargeable / 
 
 building con- | 
 
 catholicity T 
 
 charity 
 
 tractor _ 
 buildings c 
 
 celestial-ly o. 
 
 chattel mort- 
 
 No 
 business 
 
 certain a/. 
 
 gage ^ 
 rViprk-hnolc /v 
 
 (boss) .^ 
 (boys) ^ 
 
 certainly o^. 
 certainty .cxi 
 
 chief justice ...* 
 child 
 
 (office) S* 
 
 \ 
 
 certificate NV_ 
 
 childhood \ 
 
 V- 
 businesslike Q 
 
 challenge-d' d /* 
 
 childlike 
 
 busybody ^^ .... 
 
 challengeable ..I*. 
 
 children u 
 
 but i 
 
 r/ 
 
 challenger ^-/ 
 
 
 C 
 
 cabinet .X.... 
 
 chandelier ..**.. 
 chaniie' d ../.. 
 
 chose in action ...^.. 
 Christian
 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 
 
 Christianity 1 
 
 collect-ed c 
 
 (compete) 
 
 c e 
 
 collectible \ 
 
 competitive ^ 
 
 tion c ^ 
 Christianize ) 
 
 collector . 1 
 
 competence 
 
 Christianlike 
 
 (rWlr) C 
 
 -ent \ 
 competency 
 
 Christlike 
 
 Color d C 
 
 comprehend .^ 
 
 
 combination ^ 
 
 -ed d Vv 
 comprehensi- ^J5 
 
 -ty / 
 
 chunk / 
 
 (combine) ^ 
 
 ble-ity V ^N 
 comprehension ^S 
 
 n 
 church-mem- . ./ 
 
 come 
 
 *c\ 
 comprehensive ..A 
 
 ber X. p 
 circumference Sw:. 
 
 commander-in- 
 
 >. 
 
 \ 
 
 comprehensively. . . A . . . . .* 
 
 P X 7 
 circumferential \^/. 
 
 chief ' 1 
 
 rnmmerrial-ly f- ^ 
 
 comprehensive- ..\ 
 
 circumnavi- 
 
 rnmmprriali<;m '""S 
 
 ness >~v_P 
 computation 
 
 gate-d" d -tion ~S^ y 
 circumstance d 
 
 common 
 
 c 3 
 concentration *9^,_-^?. 
 
 circumstances a. . 
 
 common carrier 
 
 concern-ed 1 ,!T^ 
 
 circumstan- J 
 
 common coun- { 
 
 (surround) ...._ 
 
 tial P 
 
 di .^JT 
 
 c/ 7 
 conclusion 
 
 tial evidence p 
 circumstan- A 
 
 '-~_O_P 
 
 common sense 
 
 conclusive-ly C^ 
 
 tiate o 
 circumstan- J 
 
 commoner 
 
 condition 
 
 tiation <^p 
 circumstan- .J/ 
 tiality ^ P 
 citizen r. 
 
 commonest 
 
 (addition) ..I 
 
 r 
 
 (adhesion) 
 
 f 
 citizenship .K 
 
 commonness 
 
 (edition) ..u 
 
 <t 
 
 civil engineer ..^rj. 
 
 clearance 
 
 commonplace .^So... 
 
 ^l 
 commonwealth 
 
 conditional ...V. 
 -Ly f 
 (additional _.l 
 
 Co. 
 
 company 
 
 -ly) pC? 
 
 conference 
 
 C. 0. D. Zl 
 
 coefficient ....... ^7^.. 
 coessential ....) 
 
 compensation .^s\ 
 
 workmen's .<.. 
 compensation *v 
 comoetition 
 
 confidence .^~i 
 
 ^4 
 
 confident .....J 
 confidential-lv ../!~1
 
 conform-ed"* 1 > . 
 
 consideration u 
 
 convenient v>-' 
 
 (form) ...^\ 
 (formal-ly) .....j. 
 conformity ...^1 
 (in conform- . . i .. 
 
 constitution ..p. 
 constitution- P 
 
 conveniently ^^ 
 
 converge ..>s- 
 convergence ^-^ 
 
 al-ally Y 
 constitution- P 
 
 ality n M 
 construct 2 .L_ 
 
 construction ..Jj. .. 
 
 convergent So* 
 
 (in conform- A. 
 ity with the) 
 confoundedly 
 
 conversation .Vg, 
 conversational . . .S^ 
 
 any conversaOs^, 
 tion -___v^i 
 entire conver- \^ 
 sation 
 in their con- .X^ 
 versation 
 no conversa- .> \--" 
 tion . ^ 
 convict-ed' d 
 
 constructive u 
 
 
 constructively. . . u. 
 contemplate 2 .U^ 
 contemplation ..Ur^.. 
 contemplative 1 x. .. 
 
 connectedly ,_x: 
 conscience ..5r~? 
 
 conscientious ^</ 
 o/ 
 conscientiously ... < /^ > ... 
 
 > ' 
 conscientious- -^_^ 
 
 '. -O 
 contentedly .As. 
 
 contentedness . . . \Lp .... 
 
 contingency ..Srrf 
 
 i 
 contract (n.) ...' 
 
 (conveyed) V,.. 
 
 ness o<L-P 
 consequence 
 
 conviction ^""T ... 
 
 (significance) 
 
 corporation ^ D. 
 correct 
 
 consequent 
 
 contract 2 (v.) ..'L 
 contraction ...H 
 contractor I 
 
 consequently i 
 
 correctable Nw. 
 
 (secondly) .o-y^... 
 consequential 
 
 
 1 
 contradict-ed"* 1 
 
 contradictory 
 
 correctly *- 
 correctness 
 correspondence .. . 
 
 conservative a^. ..... 
 
 conserva- .o<^.. < ~ > 
 tiveness S 
 
 1 
 
 contradiction ^ 
 
 /. 
 contradistinc- ...."N^.... 
 tive 1, 
 contradistin- ...H 
 guish-ed^ / ' 
 controversy ....^ 
 
 controvert-ed 2 . /c ^\ 
 convenience .J^TTT... 
 
 could 
 
 consider'-able 
 
 countenance . ..... 
 
 -ably 
 considerate ^ 
 
 countenanced 
 countryman y.... 
 
 considerately .'\S. 
 
 considerate- .^.p 
 ness 
 
 (countrymen) ..r&C..,,.
 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 
 
 55 
 
 county 
 
 curious 
 
 deformity !>, 
 
 covenant-ed ^"~ 
 
 p 
 curiosity I 
 
 1 ' 
 
 degeneration 1 
 
 cover ,....:? 
 
 curiously s~ . 
 
 ^ c 
 
 degree 
 
 (covered) .. 
 (govpm) i 
 
 c 6 
 
 curiousness -a a 
 c ^ " 
 
 nistomer-ary ..-.g .. 
 
 dejectedly 1 
 
 //r 
 
 dejectedness 1 
 
 covetous ^o 
 
 nistomari'v // 
 
 pA.JP 
 delinquent ... 
 
 covetously ^> 
 
 
 f 
 
 delinquents 
 
 covetousness ^<J_j? 
 
 D 
 
 damage I 
 
 -ence p 
 
 (deliverance) ci 
 
 crank 
 
 \-~^ 
 
 (dam) .1 
 
 delinquency X 
 
 creature c i~.... 
 
 V ; j 
 
 danger .)U 
 
 f 
 
 delinquently ..r/T 
 
 c I 
 
 credential J 
 
 dangerous li 
 
 deliver-ed-* 1 .f 
 
 p 
 crestfallen Xs 
 
 1 
 
 dangerously M 
 
 deliverable A 
 
 criminal-ly 
 
 K 
 
 daughter-in-law l 
 
 r* 
 
 deliverer .1^. 
 
 criminality ?..* ' 
 
 dear '.... 
 
 delivery ...I/ .. 
 
 criminate-d"* 1 c 
 
 1 
 
 (doctor) ...'. 
 
 deliverance d 
 
 -ation g . 
 cross-examina- 
 
 dearly ..^ 
 
 demarkation 1 ^_D.. 
 
 tion < __ tf ~j 
 cross-examine 1 
 
 cross-purpose fZTSs... 
 
 (directly) ..J^" 
 dearest .. 
 
 democracy .1-^ 
 (autocracy) . ~~] 
 
 o-P-^N, 
 cross-question 
 ^i 
 cross-section 
 
 (quarter sec- 
 
 December Jrx 
 declare-d'-ation J 
 defendant .1 
 
 1 
 democrat-ic . \-^ 
 
 democratic .1^ 
 party i/-) 
 demolish-ed d +^.S.. 
 
 tion) < _ _ 
 crosswalk 
 
 deficiency . T^.. ...... 
 
 demonstrable-y .... 
 
 (crossing) 
 
 deficient-ly 
 
 N 
 demonstrate-d 2 ..Wrrev.... 
 
 cubic feet 
 (cubic foot) 
 
 culminate-d* 1 c ^... 
 -ation 
 
 deflect J 
 deflection J 
 
 deform-ed 1 .K.. 
 -ation I 
 
 demonstration ..Ur-i.... 
 
 , - u 
 
 demonstrative U^aV-rsi. 
 
 i" v 
 
 demonstrator .Ur-sv
 
 56 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 denominate .V 
 -d^-ation I 
 
 denomina- ./~ 
 
 deservingly &.. 
 designate-d^ crr^ 
 
 differ-ent .V..., 
 -ence 1 "/? 
 
 differential .._ 
 
 tional ' I 
 denomina- ./y. 
 
 -ation i 
 despicable-y ck.... 
 
 differentiate J*... 
 
 tionalism d~T^ 
 denominative ..\L 
 
 !> 
 
 denominator ^ 
 
 * ^vl_ 
 despicableness cL 
 
 1^ \o 
 
 despondency S 
 
 \S > > 
 
 differentia- .Y.. 
 tion 1 
 differently "( 
 
 department .1. 
 dependency 
 
 )i 
 destitute .....b 
 
 destitution .1 
 
 difficult-y c. 
 dignify-ied 
 
 deputy ..'.I 
 deputy clerk I 
 
 destructible .. J 
 
 1 X 
 
 destruction q .? 
 
 dignitary .~\^C. 
 dilapidate-d 2 P 
 
 deputy sheriff L. 
 derange-d'-menr^r-.l/Ty 
 (drainage) J 
 
 u, 
 
 destructive ...A 
 
 destructively J 
 
 If 
 
 destructiveness d 
 
 \l 
 
 diplomatist ....J 
 
 Lv-o 
 
 
 direct examin- a~~~\ 
 
 (trench) '...L... 
 
 1 ' 
 derive 1 .V ..... 
 
 \*~9 
 detain-ed d ...1 
 
 (deaden) \ _, 
 
 ation A 
 direct testi- .cjr>v 
 mony rv 
 directly I/' 
 
 
 derivable ...\V. 
 
 \ 
 
 derivation ..._ 
 
 detention .. ..1 
 
 i J 
 determinable n 
 
 directness .\Q 
 director . .1 
 
 
 
 derivative ...^ Sil .... 
 
 determinate .n. 
 
 director of the j 
 
 describe-d 1 
 
 n 
 
 determinative ' n 
 
 company -|- 
 directorate n 
 
 describable !\., 
 describer ^ 
 
 r I 
 
 determine-d d ....u...ri.... 
 
 -ation . J 
 determinedly K 
 
 directorial ..r\ 
 directorship ...1 
 
 description 
 
 J/, 
 detestation j 
 
 directory n 
 
 descriptive . . 
 
 ft 
 detraction I 
 
 direction ..\j 
 
 (secretive) 
 
 n . 
 
 develop 1 Is . 
 
 disaccommo- V....I 
 
 descriptive- ^? 
 ness . x 
 deserve-d^ g 
 
 development .by. 
 
 1 
 devolve 1 ^k 
 
 date-d 2 1 
 disaccommoda- ...... 1 . .... 
 tion . 
 disadvantage ...Jb 
 
 deservedly c 
 
 dictionary ..V\ 
 
 disadvantages ...h 
 
 
 
 -ous f
 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 
 
 57 
 
 disaffecf d t 
 disagreement 
 
 disentangle-d d T 
 -ment j 2 " 
 disenthrall-ed 1 .\j__f\.... 
 
 distention ..b 
 distinct 
 
 disarrangement d-^ 
 
 -ment , / 
 disestablish-ed" d J ... 
 
 distinction 
 
 disbelief ..._&... 
 
 A 
 
 disbelieve ,.S^ 
 
 -ment C 
 disinf ect-ed 2 -ant^2_? < * 
 
 disinterested . P. 
 
 (destination) ..uTT^ 
 (discretion) b 
 
 (disable) .A 
 (dispel) Ox s~ 
 
 disinterested- ;?r^-^rPp 
 ness . 
 dislocate-d Q 
 
 (dissension) \i_~) 
 
 disbeliever -\>: 
 discharge-d" d ...1 
 discolor-ed' d /.L 
 
 dismember J~^cv^ 
 -ment ^ 
 (disremember) . (Jv 
 ] \ 
 disorganization " . 
 
 distinctive- ."S?..... 
 ness I 
 distinctly . v (. 
 
 distinctness 
 
 -ation lj 
 disconf ormity .P. . . Y . . . 
 
 disorganize "^ 
 
 distinguish-ed d 
 
 discontentedly .RJ 
 
 disorganized y Tir 
 
 distinguishable \ . 
 
 y ,r 
 
 discontinuance bl.... 
 
 L 
 
 disorganizer rrT^S. 
 
 distingufsher . rl/ .. 
 
 LUC_P 
 discontinuation . bl.. ... 
 
 discontinue-d d ..bl 
 
 disparagement .J 
 dispense-able civ. 
 
 distractedly J 
 distraction .../ j ... 
 
 U L_ 
 
 discountenance .1 
 
 -ability Ij) 
 dispiritedly .PV^ ... 
 
 ^ 
 distractive 
 
 rfisrover-pd J -> 
 
 
 \ 
 distribute^ u V 
 
 discoverable J v 
 discoverer J -K. . . 
 discrepancy C | T ^ TN .^.... 
 discriminate-d" d Y~~. 
 
 disproportion" 11 .cL , 
 
 disproportion- o^ 
 able 1 \\ 
 disproportional JL..^^. 
 
 disproportionateA 
 
 -tion 
 
 (advertised) ,...L 
 
 distributable .. ..l^.. .... 
 
 distributive . L ~ 
 ^w 
 
 distributor 
 
 -ation J ^- 
 
 discriminatory *}......(...... 
 
 disproportion- A . T| .. 
 
 r^ 
 
 district 
 
 discriminative V^ 
 
 ateness 0x^3 1 
 disrespect at\ 
 
 district attorney. . 
 
 discriminator i 
 
 disrespectful-ly if \J 
 
 district attor- .V _.. 
 
 discriminatory ~ ....l/ / .. 
 disengage-d 1 v_// 
 
 dissatisfaction 1... 
 dissimilar-ity 
 
 ney's office K^~ 
 district court 
 
 b7 L 
 
 district judge 7!otl..J?. 
 
 -ment if 
 

 
 58 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 District Of Col- 4rrr: 
 
 drunkard J... 
 
 (alcohol) /-" 
 
 umbia i 
 disturb-ed d D 
 
 f 
 
 drunken J . ^. .. 
 
 
 -ance 
 
 disturber .U\ 
 
 divergency .u^7...... 
 diversiform .Lc.. ...;,. 
 
 drunkenness A^ 
 during ..']....^ > . 
 dwelling house \L.. 
 
 electrification / 
 electrify ( 
 
 f iS ^^ 
 
 eleemosynary ^~z> 
 
 do I 
 
 dwelling place V >0 
 
 elegantly 
 
 doing 1 
 
 dynamite 
 
 (eloquently) / x^~ 
 
 doings .1 
 
 dynamiter .... 
 
 element-al-ly ^-~>. 
 
 1 
 doctor ' 
 
 dynamo-electric ' '~f > 
 
 eliminate-d'' . ^ 
 
 doctrine ..r 
 
 i 
 dyspepsia-tic dl 
 
 -ation 
 (illuminate /^ 
 
 doctrinal ...v/7. 
 document .~r 
 
 
 
 earmark ..^"Ttrrr:. 
 
 -d d -ation) ^ 
 elongation ..(^-p 
 
 elsewhere k/^ 
 
 (docket)(voc.) 
 
 eastward j 
 
 embank -ment .' \ .. 
 
 documentary ^, 
 
 ecrentric-ity o .* 
 
 (bank) ..V .. 
 
 evidence I 
 dollar-s (fol- ' 
 
 edition .U. 
 
 embezzlement ./ "(? .. 
 
 lowing figures) 
 downhearted I 
 
 pffprt 2 V^ 
 
 emergency 
 
 downstairs 1> 
 
 (affect) I 
 
 s . 
 
 emphasis-ize-d'' vO 
 
 "if"" 
 draftsman 
 
 effectual-ly \.. ,.,,,.. 
 
 employment . 
 
 drank 
 
 c ' 
 
 effectuate V .,. 
 
 (implement) ^^-^ 
 
 \ 
 
 C7" 
 
 efficiency .. 
 
 encyclopedia-ic .S.. 
 
 chine 7" 1 
 drink 
 
 efficient-ly ^~^^ .. 
 
 Encyclopedia TT!?V. 
 
 1 
 
 drinkable X. 
 
 a 
 
 election .^..0 
 
 Britannica ^_gi^.s^ 
 encyclopedia ot^...^. .... 
 law ^^ 
 
 (druggist) ..Lea.... 
 t \ 
 
 (dry goods ^>] 
 
 electric ..L 
 electric current < c~^> 
 
 endangerment ....^K. 
 *~^ 
 endeavor-ed* d . .^~* 
 
 store) a ' 
 drunk \j 
 
 
 "^"""l V 
 
 (indifferent V 
 
 
 
 -ence)
 
 WORD 
 
 engage'-ment .^!>T. 
 
 (enlarge- ^1 
 ment) ^JL- 
 
 England ._ 
 
 English ,.^\. 
 Englishman ....<*7?.... 
 enhancement ^~^^L/.. 
 (announce- 
 
 SIGNS AND CONTRA 
 esophagus .'. . 
 
 CTIONS 59 
 
 everywhere . !%.. 
 evidence V_ 
 (vote) \1 
 
 especial-Iy 1 
 
 v 
 
 esquire .1 
 essential-ly 1. ... 
 
 evidentiary ^cj 
 (evident) .s*^ 
 evidential -^J- 
 evidently . ^y^. .... 
 evil-mind edness ^rr?. 
 evil-speaking . _"~ L . . . 
 exact 
 exactitude 
 exactly ./^~.... 
 exactness 
 
 essentials )^/..... 
 (essence) j^p 
 
 establish-ed^ ^ 
 -ment X 
 establisher ) 
 
 ment) ^-2-x 
 enlarge-d" d -ment."Ty?. 
 
 (indulge-d ."J. 
 -ence-ent) ' 
 enough !?TT\_.. 
 
 (never) , ^ 
 (nothing) > * 
 ensanguine-d" d 
 entangle-d* 
 
 estrange-ment .Z?..\ 
 ^-i 
 evangel .P. '.. 
 
 (angel) / 
 
 evangelical .P. 
 -ly d 
 evangelist .P. 
 
 evangelization .J). 
 evangelize ..P. 
 evangelized .f. 
 even -ing ^^ .. 
 
 O n 
 
 exactor I.... 
 exaction 
 
 Q 
 
 (execution) _. 
 exaggerate-d"" 1 .. 
 exaggerator . 
 exaggeratory ....^.^.. 
 
 -ment ~~^^f] 
 enthrall-ed 1 . 
 -ment 
 enthusiasm ^^ 
 
 enthusiastic ~~~^t^. 
 -ally J^, 
 entire 
 
 entirely '...... 
 entireness 
 
 ever ^^" 
 
 
 Cf 
 
 everlasting 
 
 exaggeration ..9 
 exaggerative ..?./... 
 
 L (~r 
 
 examine 1 
 (summon) <$. ^> 
 
 entirety 
 
 everlastingly 
 evermore 
 
 1 
 entitled 
 
 epilepsy- tic /V.> 
 Episcopal ..V 
 Episcopalian .^ y .. 
 
 Episcopalian- .^ ^^. 
 ism 
 
 ever been .Jt? 
 every ^"~ 
 
 examiner 
 
 everybody ^~\ 
 
 examination 
 example 
 
 everything .^"T^Tr^.
 
 60 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 exasperate-d" 4 ?\ 
 -tion 
 
 excavate v. 
 
 executor a 
 executory V . 
 
 (extensive-ly) ....cT 
 expensive- . cX- 
 
 excavation ^O 
 
 / 
 
 ness Q. 
 experience ^^> 
 
 f 
 
 excavator V 
 
 -ary) 
 
 (inexperience) .7\ 
 
 except"* \ 
 
 PTPrr,'><l 
 
 experienced .A 
 
 Q 
 exception ^s3 
 
 C 
 exhibit 4 .>. 
 
 (inexperienced) ^^ 
 
 9 
 exceptionable ...S^V.. 
 
 -y Q (~ 
 
 exceptional \J .... 
 
 C 
 
 exhibitor ..^N 
 
 defendant's JL 
 
 \ 
 experiment 2 ...V--, . 
 
 ex / 
 experimental-ly . ..V> .... 
 
 -ly _p 
 exchange-d" / 
 
 exhibit 
 plaintiff's ex- ^. 
 
 experimentation .!JS*p . 
 
 exchangeability /\ .. 
 
 hibit ^ 
 exhibition ..^r. 
 
 experimenter \^-~^~^ 
 
 exchangeable r/ 
 
 exhibitive ^ 
 
 expert 
 
 Y? 
 exchanger . .A 
 
 exorbitant-ance 
 
 \ 
 (separate) N. 
 
 exclaim 1 < s- > 
 
 expansion .^77^.... 
 
 (spread) ^V 
 
 
 i 
 
 expect 2 \ 
 
 1 
 
 (support) ...X<C.. . 
 
 exclamatory "....</ 
 
 expectance ,\p 
 
 expert testi- 
 
 exclude 4 <s. 
 (seclude) 
 
 expectancy ...S\ 
 expectant \ 
 
 mony 5 > 
 expert wit- . 
 ness e 
 expertly 
 
 <- 
 (skilled) <2 -.. 
 
 expectation \ 
 
 (separately) 9^/.. 
 
 (scaled) _ 
 (schooled) 
 
 Q U 
 (exception) .\J 
 
 expectedly \^ ~ 
 
 expertness 
 explain'-ation ^ 
 
 exclusion < ") 
 
 o 
 
 expedience 
 
 explanatory /^V ... 
 
 (seclusion) _ 
 
 o 
 expediency ) 
 
 licable 
 
 f } 
 exrJusivp-ly 10 _o 
 
 
 
 expedient-ly 5 
 
 <? 
 
 
 expenditure R 
 
 13 
 explicatory >, .. ., 
 
 excuse 
 
 \ ) 
 expense X 
 
 explicit f 
 
 Q 6 
 
 excusable-v . 
 
 Q 
 exoensive-lv ..X..... 

 
 WOKD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 6 
 
 explicitness ./?P. 
 
 (suppression) \ 
 
 family 
 
 explode 1 !>x 
 <? 1 
 
 expressionless \3 
 
 fault 
 
 P 
 
 
 exploder .\j 
 ' nA 
 
 extemporaneous trrN. . 
 -ly-ness p 
 
 faulty ..^1 
 
 exploit (voc.) 
 
 extension 
 
 favor-ed 1 .^N 
 
 <TJ A 
 
 p 
 
 
 exploitation .A? 
 
 extensive-ly ....A 
 
 (favorite) ....*S-c>^... 
 
 (voc.) o> 
 explore-d ..\ 
 -ation o> 
 
 explorable ..\ 
 
 O 
 
 o v ^ 
 
 (expensive-ly) . . .^V. 
 
 extensiveness ....dL . 
 
 , "U 
 
 favorable-y ..^v 
 
 ^ 
 
 favorableness ...^ ... 
 
 i ^ 
 
 exploratory ,^v~\ 
 
 extinguish-ed ^~*^ 
 
 feature 
 
 
 -ment 
 
 t 
 
 explorer X^. 
 
 extinguishable .S "\. 
 
 _n ^ 
 
 feel 
 
 
 explosion A3 
 
 extinguisher STT^) 
 
 (fall) y- 
 
 tt 
 
 explosive ... 
 
 extrahazardous (j^.D 
 
 (follow) 
 
 
 explosiveness ..^XD^.. 
 
 extraordinary . 
 
 fell 
 
 ex post facto ^.... 
 
 extraordinari- 
 
 felt <L 
 
 V_ 
 
 ly 
 
 
 express ...So 
 
 extravagance .^ 
 
 fellow .S-/C 
 
 (suppress) \- 
 (surprise) 
 
 -ant 
 
 extravagancy fl.... 
 
 extravagantly.. 1 "!..^. ... 
 
 fellow citizen .sx J 
 fellow country- .S-ArT 7 '. 
 
 expressage ^>o. 
 
 extravagant- ^ 
 
 man . z~ 
 fellow creature \J. 
 
 ov ' 
 
 expressible ....^ 
 
 ness V 
 extreme ...TT!^. 
 
 fellow feeling .S/..S>. 
 
 expressive-ly .^v> 
 (\^^- 
 
 extremely ..^7^ 
 
 fellowship Ss/^f..,. 
 t 
 
 expressly .. jj. 
 
 extremity kr^... 
 
 fill' ._ 
 
 
 u. 
 
 
 expressman -^$~~~^s 
 
 eye-witness 
 
 (flow) .'sC. 
 
 t\ 
 (express ^ .... 
 
 F 
 
 fireman ,N-s. 
 
 wagon) ex 
 
 
 J 
 
 expressed >i 
 
 fact .^ 
 
 (foreman) .S>*rrr^.. 
 
 (suppressed) 9\^. 
 
 fail 1 ^ 
 
 first .O. 
 
 expression .../SO 
 
 failure \ 
 
 first-class 0- . 
 
 (separation) . .\3 
 
 fall ,>.. . 
 
 first-rate .(f...
 
 62 STANDAR 
 
 firstly ^ 
 follow" .S/. 
 fool ^ 
 (foul) ..V. 
 footstep 
 for .Ss- 
 foreman ,:svrr^.. 
 (fireman) ..^x. 
 forlorn .Y 
 form-ed ...^ 
 (offer) '.J 
 former ,.!\~..., 
 formerly .....Y7T... 
 
 DIZED REPORTING S 
 foundation 
 foundryman ./"..... 
 (f oundrymen) . .../-I 1 ..... 
 
 HORTHAND 
 generalized .(/ 
 generation .^ 
 gentleman 
 
 free-hearted- ...;>\_p... 
 ness ^\ 
 frequency ....J 
 
 T\ 
 
 frequent"* 1 
 
 J 
 
 gentleman- 
 
 like <Z_ 
 
 gentlemanly .. ^ 
 
 gentlemen ...J 
 
 gentlemen of iJ/ ../... 
 
 the jury ^ / 
 geographical-ly ...J....^ 
 
 geography 
 gesture u 
 give-n 
 
 Friday 
 
 Friday morn- .^^^T. 
 
 ing 
 from ^- 
 
 froward \ 
 
 full-y .^J^... 
 full-blooded 
 
 (common) .^ . 
 (giver) 
 (governor) 
 glory f. 
 (glow) c__ 
 glorification <\ 
 glorify-ied 1 c__^ 
 glorious c o 
 gloriously c^... 
 go i 
 (oh) 
 
 fullness (\^. .^s^ 
 fundamental-ly .k3~5 
 fundamentality .So^-a... 
 furhish-ed^ ^ 
 furniture .T\ 
 
 G 
 
 general J 
 general assem- . . y .. 
 
 (freely) 
 formless ... .Y. 
 formlessness ... j/O... 
 formal-ly ... .j 
 formalism . . o~x . . . 
 formality ...Jj 
 informal-ly ) 
 informality 1 1 
 
 bly .i-N 
 generalissimo .c/Y_^ 
 
 generality .y/ft, 
 generally J(.. 
 generalship ..J}. 
 generalization 05 
 generalize .</.. 
 
 forth .S^ 
 forthcoming .S^., 
 forthwith S-j 
 fortunate .>*_ 
 fortune .Sv^ 
 
 godlike .. 
 
 goes ..b 
 
 good .____ 
 
 good-man-' 
 nered "^^
 
 AYoKD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 
 
 63 
 
 good-natured 
 
 H 
 
 (ordinary) 
 
 good-natur- ^... 
 
 habeas corpus <^ ^j 
 
 hard-headed 
 
 edly c-=^f 
 gorgeous ... 
 
 had .1 
 
 hard-hearted 
 
 (courageous) . . . 
 
 1 
 half Vc. 
 
 hard-hearted- 
 
 govern 5> 
 
 
 ness >, 
 harden ^ 
 
 (cover) ^ 
 (rnvprpd) , ^ 
 
 half-breed \..^ 
 half-hearted ^ 
 
 harder 
 hardest 
 
 government _ .$?>.... 
 governmental _ S~f... 
 governor a 
 
 half-hearted- .^ 
 ness Ti_9 
 half-price \<^. 
 
 half-witted V 
 
 hardly .^/^. 
 (ordinarily) 
 hardness 
 
 governor-gen- __fu t ^.. 
 eral .^ 
 governorship ? 
 
 halfway \^. 
 handkerchief ~^- -J.. 
 
 hardship ._.. 
 hardware ._,... ..,..*.. 
 
 gravity 
 
 i/ 
 handwriting 
 
 hardwood 
 
 Great Britain <r ~"\ 
 
 (in writing) 
 
 has 
 
 crorervman x 
 
 happen \ 
 
 o 
 has his 
 
 /> 
 
 (grocerymen) c ^' . 
 
 groundwork ....,T~~.. 
 (ground wire) . 
 
 happening .'V. 
 happenings .\.. 
 happy \ 
 
 O 
 
 has it 
 
 has thr 
 have .....v 
 
 gubernatorial "X"' 
 
 hapless \ /^ 
 
 he / 
 
 gullt-y 
 
 (hopeless) \ /^ 
 
 hoadi'iartprs \ r> 
 
 guiltily (. 
 
 (haply) \/^ 
 
 hear .... 
 
 guiltiness rT^TrrrT... 
 
 (aptly) ^T. 
 
 hearer ....Vx 
 hearsay 
 
 gymnastic /_ 
 
 happiest \_ 
 
 heard .^ 
 
 A-^j- 
 (domestic) Urr^__. 
 
 gymnastic exer- /......_ 
 cise ^~?r~^ 
 
 happiness V 
 
 hard ^ 
 
 heaven .So 
 heavenliness So^n?
 
 64 STANDARD 
 heavenly Ss>/?... 
 heavenward .>o^ 
 held 
 
 IZED REPORTING Si 
 hereupon . V 
 
 V 
 
 herewith ...s 
 /\S" 
 hereditarily .. 
 
 /I 
 heredity . 
 
 herein ...,r 
 heritage .<?!. 
 hers . d 
 
 herself cOCN- 
 ^ 
 
 high-water 
 high-water mark. ... . .\rr. . 
 him ./ 
 himself ^-73 
 hire d 
 
 IORTHAND 
 
 holier ./ 
 
 
 hoUness .v^~-?.... 
 
 homeopathist .\_^. ... 
 
 A- 
 homeopathy-ic ... x 
 
 hope 1 
 
 hopeless N/^ 
 hopelessly ..Vj 1 
 hopelessness .V. ^ . 
 
 hopeful-ly \ 
 \s 
 
 hopefulness \ V __Q-- 
 hospital 
 hotel <?f. .. 
 
 house 
 
 C o 
 
 houses 
 & O 
 
 house and lot . y^ 
 
 (s 
 
 both houses \ 
 in the house ~~r. 
 
 in the other TTi 
 house Vo 
 household ..J[. 
 
 'householder .^4 
 housewife ..JL 
 housework ^P~~ 
 how 
 
 (hold) C 
 
 help /^\.... 
 helper i \ 
 
 (labor) /^\ 
 
 helpful-ly / \i 
 
 helpfulness //vj-JP/CN^ 
 helplessness L.\jQ. 
 hence >-~P 
 henceforth V ~-R 
 
 henceforward >^J^ 
 her ^ 
 here 
 hereabout ...S. 
 hereafter ...^. 
 hereby ...v^ 
 hereinafter ...X 
 
 hereinbefore . ,.\ ..... 
 
 V 
 hereof ....: 
 
 hereon 
 
 his 
 
 ... O 
 his has 
 
 his is 
 
 hold f 
 
 (held) 
 holden ^/^ 
 holder f.. 
 
 stockholder @. 
 holiest .^. 
 holy ,.../f.... .. 
 Holy Ghost /~^ 
 
 Holy Scrip- ..J?. 
 ture ' 
 Holy Spirit /^ 
 
 hereto 
 heretofore ./L.. 
 hereunder .S-rr-r-<.. 
 hereunto ... .>-i . 
 
 howsoever ,g 
 however .V^ 
 hundred ^
 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 
 
 65 
 
 hundredth .**>.(. 
 
 hundred thou-.^. 
 sand V 
 hundred thou-..>-* 
 sandth \ 
 
 ignorantly ^.. 
 
 imperfection . \jJ 
 
 illegitimacy j. 
 
 imperfectly ....\3S.. 
 imperfectness ^Ajr^.. 
 imperturbability "TT^Vv. . 
 imperturbable-yT^S/A. 
 importance-t 
 
 illiberal-ly-ity 
 
 (elaborate) f 
 
 weight 1 
 hundredfold >-<^ 
 
 husband and ^^....... 
 wife y 
 hypnotic 
 
 (labored) . {, 
 
 illuminate-d d ./. 
 -ation ^ s 
 imagination ./. 
 
 imaginative .../. 
 imap^native- ../ 
 
 (immediate) 
 
 Xo * 
 hypnotism 
 
 impossible-y 
 
 hypnotist ..f5 
 
 -ility ^^J 
 impoverish-ed 1 
 
 \ 
 
 ness v- ^" > 
 imagine'-ary ..I...., 
 
 imaginable / 
 
 -ment 
 impracticable ^TTTv.... 
 -y-bility 
 rmpracticable^ c \. 
 ness -^"^^ 
 impregnability ....\_i^. 
 
 impregnable-y .\__.... 
 
 impregnate-d"* 1 ...A__.. 
 -tion ^^Vs 
 imprisonment . .. 
 
 hypochondria-c .&. 
 
 hypodermic-ally c* 
 
 
 hypodermic .<^U 
 injection /' 
 hypothecate-d d ...r 
 -tion Js 
 hypothecator ..^">\... 
 
 yf 
 
 hypothetic-al-ly r!. 
 
 (material-ly) x .. 
 
 immateriality .^ 
 immeasurable-y J 
 
 (measurable) .!}.,.. 
 immediate 
 
 (impress- ^r^-- 
 ment) / _ v ^ 
 improbable-y ...\... 
 
 hypothetical .s!.... 
 
 question 
 
 I 
 
 
 -ility ^~*\ 
 improper 
 
 s*i 
 
 improperly 
 
 
 immediate- ...Trrr..... 
 
 impropriety T\. 
 
 improve-d" 1 srr* 
 -ment 
 
 improvable .^r^.. ... 
 
 identical-ly .j 
 
 ness s~~^ 
 immodest 
 
 - ^t> 
 
 ignominiously .7.7.. 
 
 
 inaccurate 
 
 
 inaccurately ....(... 
 
 
 impassable-ility "^^V- 
 
 inactive-ity 
 
 ignorant 
 
 imperfect -Si 
 
 inadvisable-y ^.. 
 -ility 

 
 66 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 (invisible) .^ 
 
 inconsidera- 
 
 indeterminate . n 
 
 
 tion 'P 
 
 
 inapplicable *r~^. 
 
 inconsistency Y 
 
 i r 
 indeterminately .. U 1 
 
 -ility 
 inapplication ^~\^ ... 
 
 ~l\ 
 (inconstancy) X.... 
 
 , Y- 
 indetermination R 
 J i 
 
 inasmuch ?-. 
 
 inconsistent 
 
 indifference-t "... 
 
 ) 
 inauspicious-ly . ,\..... 
 
 s ^ p 
 
 (inconstant) ~. 
 
 (endeavor) ~~1 
 
 -ness 
 incalculable-y !*7?TTV.... 
 
 (insistent) ..Y. 
 
 i 
 
 indifferently V/T.. 
 
 incapability '.... ..X... 
 
 (unsustained) sp 
 
 indignant-na- 
 
 incapable X.. 
 
 inconsistently /$ .. 
 
 tion ^ / 
 
 indignantly ' . 
 
 incendiarism <r~^.- 
 
 (inconstantly). .. /?.. 
 
 ~ 1 
 indignity ! 
 
 incombustible !>i.... 
 
 (insistently) ./? 
 
 indirect 1 
 
 -ility > 
 income 
 
 ( 
 incontrovertible .^. . . 
 
 indirection \j 
 
 incompatibility \... 
 
 incorporation 
 
 indirectly I/.. 
 
 incompetence-t _ 
 
 incorrect .^. 
 
 n 
 
 indirectness ....J._p ... 
 
 incompetency ' 
 
 incorrectly 
 
 indiscriminate 
 
 - ^ 
 
 p 
 
 -ation 
 
 incomprehensi- ,.. 
 
 incorrectness 
 
 (insignificant) .... 
 
 ble-ility v_x 
 incomprehen- .... ^>.... 
 
 incredibility X.. 
 
 indiscriminately . . ( 
 
 sion ^_p 
 
 
 
 inconsequence _....". 
 
 incriminate-d 2 
 
 indispensable-y ^\ 
 
 o 
 
 -ation 
 
 ^? 
 
 (indiscrimi- 
 
 indefatigable-y .^ 
 
 indispensable- .^,V . 
 
 nate) ._p 
 
 \ 
 
 ness - i ^ 
 
 (insignifi- 
 
 indefatigable- ^ v^v- 
 
 indistinct . 
 
 cance-t) p 
 
 ness X> 
 
 
 inconsequent 
 
 independent ."**^ 
 
 (induced) .I 
 
 inconsequen- 
 
 independently ^^^-... 
 
 (introduced) -rr\.. 
 
 tial-ly < 
 
 9 t 
 
 
 
 inconsiderable-y ..." 
 
 indescribable-y ...X. 
 
 (noticed) ^ 
 
 inconsiderate f 
 
 (inscribable) .v... 
 
 \ ^ 
 indistinctly ,f. 
 
 
 
 
 (unconsider- .... \ 
 ed) 
 inconsiderately %^~ 
 
 indestructibility ._.* 
 
 -A 
 
 indestructible-y ...A 
 
 (unjust) *-~4 
 (unjustly) -^.. 
 
 Inconsiderate- J_p 
 ness 
 
 ^-ix. 
 
 indeterminable \\ 
 \ 
 
 \-9 ( 
 indistinctness .
 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 
 
 67 
 
 indistinguish- X 
 
 inexplicable-y 
 
 information 
 
 able ^ 
 individual-ly 
 
 inexplorable 7^ 
 
 (inflamma- 
 
 
 inexplosive \p 
 
 informer \^ 
 
 individualistic 
 
 d5 ^~ 
 
 inexpressible-y 7\ 
 
 ^N A 
 infrequence 
 
 *\_ 
 
 inexpressive Np 
 
 (unfurnished) 
 
 -^i 
 indivisibility ^"^ N 
 
 inextinguish- TITTT^ ... 
 
 infrequency , J . 
 
 indoctrinate r 
 
 able-y ^5* 
 infantrymau 
 
 infrequent 
 
 indulge-d-ence-t >^ . 
 
 (infantry- 
 
 infrequently .(... 
 
 y 7 
 
 (indigence) 
 
 men) . 
 infprt > 
 
 (unfriendly) ^ . 
 
 *w 
 (indigent) ..~. 
 
 (intelligence) .J. 
 
 infer- red" d -ence .>*... 
 (inform) 1 
 
 inglorious >rri__o . 
 ingloriously <....^.... 
 
 (intelligent) ..t? 
 
 (involve) ^~ 
 
 
 indulgently ..+j 
 
 inferential-ly Ss^, 
 
 inhabit-ed 
 
 indulger .. \^ . 
 
 infinitesimal-ly \5 v 
 
 
 inefficiently-cy .. . A 
 
 inflammation 
 
 inhabitant 
 
 inevitable-y SH, .. 
 
 (information) 
 
 inhabitation 
 
 -ility . 1 
 (unavoidable si 
 
 
 
 -y) ~, x 
 
 inevitableness v.. .. 
 
 inflppf \ 
 
 *~t 
 
 injustice o 
 
 K 
 
 inexact 
 
 inflict 
 
 (unj'ust) . 4 
 
 inexactly .ST. 
 
 influence 
 
 ^9 V 
 inkstand " 
 
 inexactness 
 
 influenced 
 
 ^.^^v /^^ 
 
 inexcusable-v 
 
 influential 
 
 inobservance {$ 
 
 inexpansible ' ~?. \.. 
 
 (initial) 
 
 inobservant ^S 
 
 inexpensive ..TT.V... 
 
 inform-ed J... 
 
 inorganic 
 
 inexperience " 
 
 informal-ly !;.. 
 
 inorganization 
 
 inexperienced ^ 
 
 informality .1 . 
 
 inorganized
 
 68 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 (unorganized) ^__^^_, . 
 inquire-y .^... 
 inquirer 
 
 insitutional 
 
 T 
 
 institutive '."!7TT....... . 
 instruct 2 1 . 
 
 intemperate 7~i-rx.... 
 interchange-d' d ^~~^/ .. 
 interchange- /C 
 
 inscribe-d 1 
 
 9-D 
 inscription 
 
 inscriptive 
 
 instruction . ]j 
 instructive ..L...U.... 
 instructively I//' AJ 
 
 ability X 
 
 interchangeable ~~~^ ... 
 
 interchangeable-"^ . . . .T/v. 
 ness 
 interest 
 
 insecure-d 1 
 
 a, I 
 instructive- U-P \J_p 
 
 interfere-d 
 
 (unsecure) ^T^TT-N. 
 insecurely X" 
 
 ness n, 
 instructor I... 
 
 insubordinate 
 
 -ence 
 interjection ^~~^~t>. 
 
 intermediate 
 
 insecurity a 1 
 
 -ation ^^v / 
 
 insubordinately { . 
 
 intermediately 
 
 insignificance 
 
 e ; 
 
 insufficient-ly-cy ^"^ 
 
 internal-ly 
 
 -ant p 
 (inconse- 
 
 insurance 
 
 internal im- 
 
 quence) ^p 
 (indiscrimin- 
 
 insurance 
 
 provement -/V 
 internal rev- 
 
 ate) ^~- Si ~3 
 insignificancy /.. 
 
 company i 
 fire insurance . ^~~x ^, 
 
 enue ^^ 
 international-ly 
 
 insignificantly I. 
 
 life insurance ....J!!^r? 
 
 (national-ly) /^~ 
 
 insolvency 
 
 inspect-ed 2 -tion A,.... 
 
 " R 
 
 (inception) \J.. 
 inspector ..-~~_v 
 
 intangible-y ..."^rf... 
 intellect-ual 
 
 intellectuality 
 ^^ s 
 intellectually 
 
 interrelated */:... 
 interrelation ^- rr^L/.. .. 
 interrogate -- ~<^..... 
 interrogation ^ .^ 
 
 install ... 
 installment ...^* 
 
 intelligence .</ 
 intelligencer </. 
 
 (indication) 
 interrogative ^^^^ ^ 
 
 instant 
 
 instinct 
 
 intelligent .."2? 
 intelligently *\}/~ 
 
 (indicative) 
 interrogatory 
 
 i " ff*~\ 
 instinct ive-ly . V- 
 
 ft 
 
 institute ". 
 
 institution .^\ .. .. 
 
 intelligible-y ,Y . 
 intelligibility /V . 
 intemperance t-rs. 
 
 interrogator ^ . - 
 interruptedly ~\( 
 interurban i.
 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 
 
 69 
 
 interval 
 
 irrelevancy .Tv Vo 
 
 judge advocate / 
 
 (interview) ^-rrrrr^.. 
 
 irrelevant .JY^ 
 
 L-l 
 
 jurisdiction *** 
 
 1 
 intimidate-d' d ^ 
 
 (relevant) .(S. . 
 
 jurisprudence 7 
 
 ^-T> 
 intoxicant 
 
 irreparable-y \x 
 
 oC^ 
 jury (in phrases) "1 
 
 intoxicate 2 
 
 irreprehensible . x\ 
 
 iurv-box /X" 
 
 intoxication 
 introduce ~ 1 
 
 irrespective .JX 
 NO 
 
 irrespectively d^ ., 
 
 juryman ..L^?..... 
 (jurymen) //^ 
 
 introduction U 
 
 1 
 
 mtroductive vj 
 
 S ^ 
 irresponsibility .^V. 
 
 irresponsible-y ....rv. ... 
 
 tell the jury .U 
 court and j" r y n 
 
 introductory . I/ 
 
 V\ 
 irresponsive . Ny 
 
 gentlemen of . / fj/ . . 
 
 invertedly ^r^/^... 
 
 i 
 
 investigation v^> 
 
 irreverent-ly !^V\_. 
 -ence 
 is~hls 
 
 the jury ll/f 
 justice of the . . . .^ Ni . 
 peace 
 juvenile / 
 
 involuntarily . ...jp/7.. 
 
 
 is as is his 
 
 J 
 
 juxtaposition .. \-.. 
 
 involuntary 
 
 
 
 is it 
 
 
 involve-d" d 
 
 is there 
 
 kalcidoscope-ic . 
 
 (in evidence) .^^V.... 
 (novel) 
 
 It J 
 item 
 
 kindhearted- ..T^LS.. 
 ness 
 kingdom 
 
 involvement . ^^"^ 
 
 A-^ 
 
 itemized 
 
 (common) 
 
 Q^' 
 
 in writing 
 
 its L. 
 
 knowledge / 
 
 (unwritten) a~~~-/ ... 
 IOU ^ 
 
 itself .v.J^L. 
 
 L 
 
 laboratory /^ .. 
 
 
 J 
 
 January / 
 
 (library) (.. 
 
 ^W^ 
 
 irreconcilable-y ?....> 
 irrecoverable-y .J v.. 
 irrcgular-ity ' 
 
 C_^ 
 
 jeopardize /^ 
 
 jeopardy ./. 
 joint-stock 
 
 landlord ..-. 
 landmark ^^^ 
 language 
 
 irregularly ..A/'. 
 
 joint-stock com- ~^~... 
 pany 
 
 (thing) ^..
 
 70 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 large / 
 
 leaseholder . . . .. 
 
 life insurance ...^7!r^ 
 
 largely l/~~ 
 
 left-hand (., 
 
 lifelong ^^""-* / . 
 
 largeness ../ ... 
 
 (right-hand) . v 
 
 light-hearted- ...>^ 
 
 larger 9 
 
 left-handed <] 
 
 ness / ^ 
 liken-ed" 4 
 
 largest / 
 
 left-handedness (.. ~- -^ 
 
 Ukewise 
 
 larynx S~\ 
 
 legislation / (j 
 
 linguist 
 
 ^ f ~')QjfV 
 
 last-mentioned /6~?> 
 
 legislative C.. L (<J 
 
 linguistic 
 
 _ 
 
 laundryman 
 
 legislative body / (j^fJ 
 
 link 
 
 (laundrymen) 
 
 legislature ( 1 . . 
 
 lithograph-y-ic ...... 
 
 lawyer 
 
 (legislator) i Q 
 
 live (v-hook) .. '... 
 
 (liar) \ 
 
 legitimacy j 
 
 (leave) 
 
 lawyerUke 
 
 length-y ^_*r , 
 
 locomotive en- (...... 
 
 lead-pencil i\ 
 
 length of t'TlC ~^f 
 
 gine y 
 locomotive en- f. ..'... 
 
 learn /_,. 
 
 ^V^ 
 
 (longtime) .-> -rrr^. 
 
 gineer J< - 
 locomotive fire- (..... .^x. 
 
 learned f 
 
 lengthen ~*j 
 
 man ~ t- 
 locomotor a- t. 
 
 (loan) ( 
 
 \> 
 lengthily ***r ^. 
 
 taxia 
 
 long .> * 
 
 (loaned) /A. 
 
 lengthiness **_* 
 
 long-distance ^_p, 
 
 (learnt) C 
 
 lengthways ^^,' 
 
 long-headed .-^^.. 
 
 Cent) (^ 
 
 lengthwise . *^^N 
 
 long-suffering ^_P 
 
 learned coun- L.. .. 
 
 liability f....^. 
 
 long time .>-<rrrs. 
 
 learnable ( \ 
 
 liberty 
 
 (length of .> < 
 
 (loanable) ^ N \ 
 
 x 
 
 liberty of ..? . .. 
 
 time) 
 
 longhand >~**'.... 
 
 learnedly f.. 
 
 speech c\ \ 
 liberty of the ^\ 
 
 longingly >^x s . . . 
 
 (lonely) fc... 
 
 lieutenancy <C^!) 
 
 longshore- ^ f) 
 
 learner ( } . 
 
 lieutenant-colo- (Or. 
 
 man -*~~^ 
 long-sighted- ^^P 
 
 leasehold ....... 
 
 nel / ^\ 
 life estate ..../T.... 
 
 ness -^-9 
 longer > <<.
 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 
 
 71 
 
 longest 
 
 magnanimity 
 
 manufacturer TS^. 
 
 longevity i 
 
 magnanimous 
 
 manufacturing ...^ .... 
 
 c~* 
 
 longitude-inal 
 
 ^~^~^ 
 magnanimously s- 
 
 company 
 manuscript 
 
 -ly ^ 
 Lord 
 
 "*^*ft 
 
 major-general / 
 
 mark 
 
 Lord's day | 
 
 (/, j 
 
 majority 
 
 marked 
 
 lorded ~^\ 
 
 maladminis- . ^~\ 
 
 marked price 
 
 lordliness 
 
 tration _ c~~s\ 
 malconstruction U 
 
 ^\ 
 market 
 
 lordly 
 
 malevolent-ly-ce .Si^. 
 
 market-house .yj!... 
 
 lordship ^J 
 
 malform-ed" 1 ^ . \ 
 
 market-place 
 
 low-water /" 
 
 malformation 
 
 market price 
 
 low-water mark (^ s 
 
 malignant-ly-cy 
 
 market value 
 
 lukewarm x 
 
 ^"1 
 
 malignity ' ... 
 
 market value of 
 
 lumberman /_ 
 numbermen) (.., 
 
 malpractice .^-ri^N^ 
 manager .^7^1. 
 
 the property ^~^TV 
 marketable ^\ 
 
 marketableness -.... 
 
 lumberyard I ... . ' 
 
 " ~9 
 (major) / 
 
 '-NO 
 
 marksman 
 
 lymphatic s^^. 
 
 
 
 lymphatic glands/^^xl 
 
 the company ~* 
 manhood 
 
 married 
 
 lynx 
 
 T 
 
 (humanity) . T 1 
 
 .s-v 
 
 married man 
 
 S*~f 
 lynx-eyed ' 
 
 manifestation S^o. 
 
 Massachusetts 7 
 
 
 manlike 
 
 master in chan- 
 
 O 
 
 machine 
 
 manner 1 K._J... .. 
 
 try .^^-s_ 
 materia medica 
 
 o_ 
 
 machine gun . . ... . .- 1 . 
 
 mannpri<;m <^_p ^ 
 
 material-ly 
 
 machine shop 
 
 mnnnerlinpss c ^-/ x 
 
 (immaterial 
 
 "y 
 
 machinery ,..... 
 
 L_s> 
 
 mannerly CL^^ 
 
 <**" */ 
 materialistic 
 
 *D 
 
 machinist . 
 
 ' s 
 
 manufactory ..^(. 
 
 materiality 
 
 magistrate .^t. 
 
 <^N 
 
 manufacture-d ^.... 
 
 mathematical-ly '"J. . .
 
 72 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 mathematics ."T77! 
 
 
 million (after 
 
 Vo 
 (methods) ."TT^ 
 
 menstrual JK 
 
 figures) s^->~^ 
 minimum 
 
 maximum 
 
 menstruate ^7 .... 
 
 minister-ed \ 
 
 (maxim) 
 
 ^-3> 
 menstruation U 
 
 (monster) 
 
 (minimum) 
 
 mental-ly s^> 
 
 (monstrous) " 
 
 meantime 
 
 mental condi- ^p 
 
 ministerial-ly \ 
 
 (in the mean- TTT?T?77!Tt 
 
 tion \j 
 mentality ^rr^jl.... 
 
 ministration ' 
 
 time) '""C-x 
 meanwhile 
 
 mention 1 /rrr^j 
 
 ministry . 
 
 measure 1 ...0 
 
 (motion) ^^~f>> 
 
 minstrel .... .. ... 
 
 measurable-y 9 
 
 mentionable * -x 
 
 minstrelsy 
 
 measureless . ^-o 
 
 mercenarily <?"~^_</^ 
 
 minute book .7S .. 
 
 measurement 
 
 mercenariness ^~^^^^> 
 
 misapplication *\ ^ . . . 
 
 ^ 
 
 mechanic-al-ly 
 
 mercenary <^~~Jx^ 
 
 misapprehend 
 
 mechanics 
 
 merchandise 'f^ 
 
 -ed-" ^^ 
 misapprehen- ^\ 
 
 mechanics lien .^?.. 
 
 (stock of mer- '.. 
 
 sion 5 
 misarrange /frrrtfT/... 
 
 mechanism s - j< v 
 
 chandise) * 
 merchantlike ^ -~y^ 
 
 -d^-ment 
 misbehave-d"'' .' f^... 
 
 medulla, oblon- x"/* 
 
 mercy (s~~& 
 
 -ior 
 miscalculate-d 4 
 
 gata cv 
 member \ 
 
 merciful-ly <^" "x . 
 
 (miscall) 
 
 
 
 
 
 merciless-ly <Z~~o 
 
 . g* -, 
 
 f^B C < 
 
 mischievous-ly ... 
 
 membranous >^_P 
 
 mercilessness ^~5)/O 
 
 mischievous- rTTrr?.. 
 
 memorable-y \ 
 
 metropolitan 
 
 ness ^-^ 
 miscomprehend .....^ 
 
 
 microscope 
 
 -ed 2 - e^ 
 (misprint) 
 
 
 microscopic 
 
 TNB 
 miscomprehen- .cj..... 
 
 
 milkman 
 
 sion '~~*\ 
 misdemeanor 
 
 memorize *r^>/..... 
 
 (milkmen) 
 
 (homicide)
 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 
 
 73 
 
 misdirect 2 1 
 
 - 6] 
 
 misdirection Jj..... 
 
 misform-ed~ d .\.. 
 
 ' "P 
 misfortune Xy... 
 
 (/ 
 misgiving ^~ "... 
 
 misgovernment-r^ST?? 
 misinform-ed~ d 
 
 misinformation 
 
 ^~&~y\ 
 mismformer l^,. 
 
 - ?)<u 1 
 
 misinstruction (j.. 
 
 misjudge-d" d y. 
 -ment / / 
 misrecollect-ed" d s~7&...... 
 
 misrecollection .^TT^..... 
 (mybestrec- ^? 
 
 monkey-wrench ^^^. 
 
 monstrosity ...P.... 
 1 *~~& 
 
 monstrous 
 
 municipal court ^7.. 
 
 municipality \.. 
 
 - o 
 myself 
 
 morning 
 
 N 
 nature .^ 
 
 near 
 
 in the morn- 
 
 ing ( 
 
 this morning ^ a 
 
 mortgage-d" d 
 
 nearly .. ..... ... 
 
 (chattel mort- 
 
 necessary sJ?. 
 necessarily ^Q/..... 
 neglect-ed" d .v ^^r. 
 neglectable -^^77-^... 
 neglectful-ly ^-^^~~~ > . 
 
 gage) j-Z " 
 mortgage deed I 
 
 mortgagee . 
 
 c ^ 
 
 mortgagor :.. 
 
 motion-picture ^rr-^ 
 movement 
 
 neglectfulness rrrr\ 
 negligence - < o .. 
 
 negligent-ly - . 
 (guilty of neg-.?!Tr Y 
 
 moving picture .....^....... 
 mountebank 
 
 ollection) s> 
 misrepresent /rT3^...\ 
 
 -ed' d /, 
 misrepresenta- <r?l...\3 
 tion '"~^\ 
 misspeak ... 
 
 Mr. ^...^ 
 
 much ..l 
 
 mucous mem-> ,g^<v 
 brane _"^ 
 multifarious jer^L^. 
 
 multifariously -^s^y 
 multifariousness-^j^\.^p 
 multiform .srr?/^.. 
 multiplication ^-^s^ 
 multitude , /" 
 
 ligence) c^ 
 (guilty of con- /I^rro.. 
 tributory neg.) 
 negotiable-ility ^~A^.. 
 
 negotiate-d 1 ~ ! *-J*- 
 -tion ^ J 
 (accomplish . .. 
 
 (misspoke) ^\ 
 
 -TX 
 misspoken ;j> 
 
 mistranscrip- ..STT^X... 
 
 tion 
 
 misunderstood.^^ a 
 modest 
 
 -ed-ment) 
 negotiator .**-js. 
 
 neighborhood ^\ . 
 
 (in the neigh- 
 borhood of) 
 neutral-ity ../.... 
 
 never .> *. 
 nevermore v^^. 
 
 ^ 
 modestly ( 
 
 modesty ....! 
 
 multitudinous .^r^-^ 
 municipal-ly 
 
 Mohammedan- 
 
 ism '-^r~ x 

 
 74 STANDARD 
 nevertheless ^^ 
 
 (unfortunate) ,:!!!js_,.. 
 
 -ly) 7 
 new > < 
 
 (now) . .. 
 
 IZED REPORTING SH 
 
 non-discovery J -> 
 non-efficient ;^f... 
 non-essential \^ 
 non-member \ 
 
 non-performance \x 
 non-production A 
 non-productive \. 
 
 -f\ A 
 
 non-proficiency 
 
 non-resem- d^>. 
 blance ^ 
 nondescript 7T^ . N . 
 
 nonentity ^, <o.... 
 nonsense 
 (incense) A-? 
 
 ORTHAND 
 
 northern 
 northward ^ 
 northwardly 
 northwest Jfc.. 
 northwester /~~^^ . 
 northwesterly . '~ > )(.. 
 northwestern "^*&.... 
 northwestward ^^^^. 
 
 newspape r ^~_& 
 next .>-*=? 
 nextday .^-_c 
 nextdoor ....^o ... 
 next question ^9 _^ 
 next time p^jy^^ 
 next week - _p . . . 
 no one *<../.. 
 nobody .s-^.... 
 (anybody) 
 
 north west ward-^"^X/'. . 
 
 ly 
 
 notary public > \ 
 
 nothing ....>... 
 (enough) !TTV_... 
 nothing else > ,. 
 nothing less ,.b*^..~ 
 nothingness ,.... 
 notwithstand- .^ 
 
 notwithstand- ,Ji 
 ing the fact 
 November .^^T^V.... 
 
 now > \ 
 nowadays . 
 nowhere .> t/.... 
 (anywhere) 
 
 nomination .. 
 
 (incensed) ^~Si-tf... 
 (innocence) 
 (nuisance) ....^ SLJ> . 
 
 (animation) 
 nominator .! 
 
 non-acceptance ~~^s> 
 
 (north) 
 northeast 
 
 non-acquaint- ~ jxrs^r. 
 ance ~ *\ 
 non-appearance 
 
 noncommission- ^^ 
 
 (nearest) . . . 
 
 northeaster ) 
 northeasterly 1 
 
 ed officer -_^_s\ 
 non-conformity l 
 
 number-ed"* .^ 
 
 (brother) .*V 
 (member) ..\ 
 numberless . c> wr?.... 
 
 non-contribut- . .. .rk... 
 
 northeastern 1 
 
 non-delivery V?.. 
 non-develop- \\ 
 
 i/o^ 
 northeastward .7) 
 
 <i -^Lx-- 
 northeastward- ry... 
 
 ment
 
 WORI 
 
 
 o 
 
 ) SIGNS AND CONTRA 
 (abstain) V.... 
 obstinately ...\Br 
 obstruct 2 .Ste 
 obstruction /.V 
 (abstraction) \ 
 
 ACTIONS 7; 
 
 (oppression) . < \..... 
 
 <x VJ 
 
 operative . 
 
 1 
 object"* 1 (v) \ 
 
 operator ....?V 
 
 object (n) ..\ 
 objected to !\.l . 
 objection .>O 
 objectionable .\V 
 objective ..o 
 objectively .^/! 
 objectiveness .^- 
 objectivity ..!S 
 
 < ' 
 
 objector .X 
 obligation . So 
 
 (application) .^ 
 obnoxious " i x3 
 obnoxiously ..^rri_. 
 
 \_f; 
 
 obnoxiousness .-..^77..... 
 
 0<L_P 
 
 observable-y ,j}j / 7\.. 
 observance .^^.... 
 observatory .!. 
 
 observe-d 1 .^^ 
 -ation . / 
 observer _V- 
 \ 
 observingly ?#?.. 
 
 obstetrics .^S^...^.. 
 obstinacy ...JT 
 obstinate .^P.. 
 
 opinion . . 
 
 (point) . 
 
 v \ 
 obstructionist .V . . . ._ . . 
 
 obstructive ^^ 
 obstructiveness Xj, 
 
 opinionated ..r 
 
 (pointed) .r 
 opportunity 
 
 CP 
 
 obstructer ^V. 
 
 occur 1 ,^ }. 
 of 
 
 foDDortune) 
 
 (orettv) \ 
 
 oppression . < N^. 
 
 .:.../ 
 
 often ^o 
 
 (even) 
 oh 
 
 ordinance a .. 
 
 (ordnance) 
 
 i 
 (but) i 
 
 (writings) 
 
 (go) ..I....- 
 omnipotence 
 omnipotency .) 
 
 ordinary ..? 
 
 (hard) 
 
 ordinarily . . . f 
 
 omnipotent-ly 
 omniscience-t 
 
 (hardly) .^c 
 organ 
 
 -ly 
 
 on 
 
 organic 
 
 onward 
 
 organism 
 
 oneself .-z^ 
 
 o 
 open-hearted- ..^\ 
 ness c \^- > 
 operate"* 1 
 
 ^ 
 organization 
 
 organize 
 organizer : .. 
 
 operation 
 
 (customer) /^....
 
 76 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 organized 
 original 
 (regional) ... 
 (rich) 
 
 over 
 
 <>. 
 overbalance ... 
 c\o 
 overburden ....^\... 
 -ed 1 ^x } 
 overburden- . y^s 
 
 owe 
 
 (owed) ~l 
 
 owing to the 
 fact s^. 
 
 owes 
 b 
 
 own 
 owned 
 
 originality ...-J-s. 
 omament-al-ly 
 ornamentation 
 orthodox-y .1 
 
 some ^ ^_^ 
 overcame 
 
 ^N -. 
 overcareful ....* 
 
 -ly ^x 
 overcharge / 
 -ed" 1 V 
 overcome ....rrr.... 
 
 overhang ^^ 
 
 owner 
 
 ownership 
 <z^y 
 
 P 
 
 Pacific ...J^..... 
 
 Pacific coast /^ 
 Pacific ocean ..jP 
 
 Northern Pa- _S 
 cific & 
 Southern Pa- ...Ix. 
 cific 
 Union Pa- 
 
 -ic-ally -^ 
 
 overhaul - . 
 
 osteopathic ... 
 
 overhauled ...Jr.. 
 overhead ..../I 
 
 osteopathist ^^> 
 
 other .!N 
 otherwise / *) 
 
 overlook-ed d 
 
 overproduc- .^\... 
 tion c ^v \j 
 overproduc- ^\.. 
 tive ^^ 
 overstock-ed d 
 
 or otherwise 
 
 ought 
 
 cific , "\ > 
 pacification Xp 
 
 ourselves ."^N 
 out 1 
 
 overtake 
 
 palpable-y-ility ..\. 
 palpableness ....X^ 
 paper-hanger .'.Nv-"" 
 parallel-ed" d ( X 
 
 overtaken ...'... .^.... 
 
 outbalance .\ 
 outbalanced \ 
 
 overtax 
 
 overtook 
 
 s 
 
 outgeneral 1.... 
 outnumber ..1. 
 
 N 
 
 overvalua- ....E.^... 
 tion <^O^^ 
 overvalue 1 ....\ i; _... 
 
 overwhehn 1 
 
 parallelism .?\....... 
 
 x 
 
 parallelogramOy . . . .^. 
 unparalleled >w\. 
 paraphernalia .\^S.... 
 parcel post .^X/T\v.. 
 (parcels) *\<7?..... 
 
 N 
 
 outspoken \ 
 
 "S 
 
 outspoken- ...\ 
 ness *>v 
 outward ...\..!Sr?.. 
 
 outwardly ..\ ./^ 
 
 overwhebn- ...... \_ 
 
 ing evidence >^v / 
 overwork 1 rf...... 
 
 Ov 
 overrule^
 
 WORD 
 
 V 
 
 (price list) 
 
 SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 77 
 
 pecuniarv \ nemetual-lv \/ 
 
 part" 1 t \. 
 
 pedestrian ^ .. 
 
 (perpetuate) .\ /I 'f...|.. 
 
 (apart) .\ 
 participant .^ 
 
 pedestrianism ^ 
 Pennsylvania \V^>>-. 
 people-d \ 
 
 persecution \/ 
 
 (prosecution) ^\ .. 7^. 
 
 participate 2 ^\o 
 
 o 
 person ..Sq.^.... 
 
 (prisoner) ^ * 
 
 participation ^Vi 
 
 per annum ,**g?. 
 
 V) 
 participative "Vi 
 
 (per cent per .\jjv^ 
 annum) o, ^ 
 perfect \j 
 
 (personal) ..^o. > .... 
 personal estate ..^. ) ... 
 personnel ..Xj^..,.. 
 personification .^^.j,,.., 
 perspective ^o ... 
 
 participator ..r^x 
 particular-ly .\... 
 (proper) 
 
 (perfect) (v) \3 
 
 perfectible .\rx.... 
 
 V 
 (properly) 
 
 perfectly j&/Z 
 
 C\i 
 
 particularity 1 
 
 perfection \P 
 
 (prospective) .....>o.... 
 perspicuity .^. 
 
 persuasible-y . . No 
 -ility \ 
 persuasion ...(a 
 
 particularize . 
 
 c\ 
 perform-ed-ance . . . . Vv . . . . 
 
 c\ ' 
 
 performable \~\ 
 
 particularized 
 
 (V 
 
 particulariza- .... 
 
 <\ \ 
 performer \N . . 
 
 tion 
 parties \ 
 
 perhaps \J- 
 (propose) ^k .. 
 
 c\ 
 persuasive \5 
 
 party \ 
 
 persuasory ....3^.... 
 perturbability 
 
 party of the \ 
 
 first part <\ 
 party of the \^. . 
 second part\ "~^ 
 pathologist ../. 
 
 /\ 
 
 pathology-ic-al ( 
 
 (purpose) ....\^. . 
 
 permanency . .Xrrr^ . . 
 c\ / 
 permanent-ence ...Xrr7>> 
 
 (prominent) 
 
 perturbable .^X^ ..X 
 
 petticoat .N 
 pettifog-ged d \ 
 
 -ly v / 
 
 patrol-led 1 V].'... 
 patrol wagon .^NT\ 
 peculiar-ity \. 
 peculiarly !S f.. 
 pecuniarily .V. 
 
 petty (petit) ...No 
 jury _ ^yt> 
 
 (preeminent) ..XrTr;^^ 
 permanently .X-^-- 
 permit-ted 2 ..\~v .. 
 
 perpendicular 
 -ly 
 
 phenomenon 
 
 -menal V^y-~v_^ 
 (phenomena) 
 
 philanthropy ..^.
 
 78 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 philanthropic .f! 
 -ally 
 philanthro- ..^. 
 . pist v 
 photo-electric ...y. 
 
 photo-engraving ^^-r 1 .' 
 pickpocket .. .^~\. 
 
 populate-d j ..^v^. ... 
 portion .A3 
 position ,? 
 
 preconcertedly ,.^. C Y^.. 
 
 predetermine-d 1 \ 
 -ation <x >^T 
 predominance ...^^.. 
 
 predominancy ).... 
 predominant-ly "^.. 
 
 rs v- ;, 
 
 predominate 1 \... 
 predomination 
 
 (opposition) . * 
 
 possession .^> 
 possible-y 
 possibility ...^S..... 
 postdate-d .\p 
 post-mortem ^V^^^ 
 
 post-mortem ^v-rr-^.. 
 examination 
 
 poverty .._ 
 
 practicability . rs v^ ... 
 practicable-y *\ 
 
 (pocketbook) ...,^~r\ 
 
 plaintiff *$> 
 
 plaintiff's case ^ a. 
 
 plaintiff's ^ /*~ 
 counsel 
 plaintiff's ex- ."^ 
 
 preeminence Xrr~^_p 
 (permanence) . .A^r-^. 
 preeminent ;S*m^,.. 
 (permanent) .^V >y 
 preeminently >VT-^... 
 
 (permanent- .\^-r^/f 
 ly) cv ( 
 preestablish-ed-" 1 ^. . . 
 -ment <. \ 
 pregnancy . .\__i ^ . 
 
 pregnant ..\_... 
 
 prejudice-d"* 1 S X. 
 f\ 
 preliminary ...._ 
 
 preliminary ~^ 
 
 hibit 
 plank \ 
 
 platform _. 
 pleasure . ./ 
 
 pleasurable-y . s. 
 
 T 
 pleasurable- .^\^...... 
 
 ness 
 plenipotentiary \ 
 
 pocketbook ...^r:\... 
 (pickpocket) . . . \ .. 
 
 practicableness .^V^. ... 
 practical-ly .^ 
 (practicable) *\ 
 
 (practicality) \ 
 
 \AS 
 
 police officer 
 
 practicalness .^ 
 
 practice .V 
 practise 
 
 practices . r V^. 
 
 practised .?v 
 practitioner *\ 
 
 police station 
 
 examination _ 
 premeditate .....^V>.. 
 -ed' d 
 premeditatedly ..\-^. 
 
 preparatory .....\^. .. 
 prepare ..\.....^ 
 preponderance \^... 
 
 preponderance .....\_... 
 of the evidence ^ 
 (a fair pre. of !Sst\. .... 
 the ev.) V 
 
 policyholder ..JJ . 
 
 politest ._ 
 polytechnic-al ^*t^ 
 
 popular-ity .. \v . 
 
 \ sf~^\ 
 
 prearrange-d l 
 
 popularization \. 
 
 -ment c \ 
 precinct ..*!... 
 
 preconcert-ed 2 .... ). 
 
 popularly ...^v .
 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 
 
 79 
 
 preponderancy . 
 preponderant 
 preponderate-d 2 . 
 preponderating- . 
 
 iy 
 
 preponderation . 
 < 
 
 Presbyterian 
 
 Presbyterian- 
 ism 
 prescribe ....VTT7 
 
 prescription .~77\ 
 
 (prosecution) ...<X... 
 cr 
 
 (transaction) ....f\... 
 
 n 0\ 
 
 (transition) .*! 
 
 prescriptive 
 
 preserve-d l 
 
 -ation 
 preservative 
 
 preservatory 
 
 preserver 
 
 prcternatural-ly 
 
 pretty (in . 
 
 phrases) 
 (opportunity) ._ 
 
 pretty clear 
 (very clear) 
 pretty clearly . 
 pretty well .^r~.... 
 (very well) ...JL.... 
 prettily .% 
 
 .....^_ 
 
 (partly) 
 
 prettier 
 prettiest 
 prima facie 
 
 prima facie evi- 
 
 dence 
 prima facie case 
 
 principle-al 
 -ly <\ 
 
 (proper) ...,> 
 
 \ 
 6 
 
 principles 
 
 (appearance) 
 privilege 1 ....y! 
 
 probable-y-ility .....N 
 
 probable or im- 
 probable 
 (proper or 
 improper) 
 
 probate-d 2 
 
 probate court 
 problem 
 
 (trouble) 
 problematic 
 problematical-ly. 
 proclivity . 
 
 producer 
 
 / . , 
 (appraiser) .. 
 
 (purchaser) 
 production ,. 
 (predication) . 
 
 c\ _ 3 
 
 ..._ 
 
 V) 
 
 .... 
 
 (prediction) 
 
 (protection) 
 productive 
 productively 
 productiveness 
 productivity 
 professor 
 
 professorship 
 proficient-ly 
 proficience-cy 
 profit" 1 
 
 profitable-y ..^\... 
 
 ^\A 
 
 profitableness .\> 
 
 profitless 
 
 profiteer 
 profligate 
 prohibit-ed 2 
 
 (probate-d) 
 prohibition 
 
 (probation) 
 
 (approbation) 
 prohibitionist 
 prohibitive 
 
 (probative) 
 prohibitory 
 prolong-ed d 
 
 \\. 
 .^X.
 
 80 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING 
 
 prolongation 
 
 prominency 
 
 prominent-encc 
 (permanent) 
 (preeminent) 
 
 prominently 
 
 promissory note 
 
 promote 2 
 (permit) 
 
 promotion 
 (permission) 
 (preemption) 
 
 promptest 
 
 proof 
 
 proper 
 properly 
 (particular 
 
 property 
 (propriety) 
 
 prophet 
 prophetic 
 
 proportion' 11 
 
 (appropria- 
 tion) 
 (preparation) 
 
 proportionable 
 
 -y 
 
 proportional-ly 
 
 .\L ....... 
 
 
 V 
 
 proportionate 
 
 proportionate- 
 less 
 proportionately 
 
 propriety 
 
 prospect 2 
 
 prospective . X. 
 
 prospectively 
 
 prospectiveness 
 
 prospector 
 
 Protestant 
 
 Protestantism 
 
 protraction 
 
 (protrusion) 
 protractive 
 protractor 
 prove 
 
 approve 
 proximity 
 psychological-ly 
 public-ly 
 publication 
 publicity 
 publish 
 published 
 publisher 
 punctuate-d 2 
 
 SHORTHAND 
 punctuation 
 punish-ment 
 purport-ed 2 
 
 (prepared) 
 purported to be 
 purporting to be 
 purports to be 
 purpose 
 
 (for the p. of) 
 
 .\ 
 ** 
 
 ..\ 
 
 Y 
 
 (forthep. of .. v^. 
 
 determining) h 
 (forthep. of ..x^. ... 
 
 having) 
 (for the p. of 
 
 making) 
 (for the p. of 
 
 showing) 
 purposed
 
 WORD 
 quarrelsome . . 
 
 SIGNS AND CONTRA 
 quickness 
 
 CTIONS 81 
 
 realized ,.V^ y .. 
 (released) 
 reappear 
 reappearance 
 
 reapportion-ed 1 -Xw2 
 -ment . ^ 
 (reparation) /\.\/ . 
 
 quarrelsome- 
 
 quiet 
 
 ly , 
 
 quarrelsome- < ^~^. 
 
 quietly 
 
 ness / 
 quarter *s c 
 
 quietness Sss?. 
 quietude . ... 
 
 (three-quar- 
 ters) 
 (headquar- <2\ p 
 ters) C 
 quarterly c 
 
 quit 
 
 quitclaim 
 
 reargument ../\ 
 rearrange-d l ^fT, 
 
 (quickly) 
 quartermaster 
 
 quitclaim ' . 
 
 deed _ 
 quite 
 
 -ment 5L 
 reasonable-y ' 
 
 
 quowarranto 
 
 (unreason- 
 
 (cross-section) . . . .":... S. . . 
 question 11 3 ... 
 myquestion 
 your question ....(6 
 
 inhisques- 
 tion ~ 
 what is the 
 
 quorum .<- *rr* 
 quote d 
 quotation Q.... 
 
 R 
 railroad CxtT 
 
 able-y) A,, 
 reasonable cer- ?..]... 
 tainty 
 reasonable doubt . . 
 
 (beyond a reas. 
 
 doubt) ^\_ 
 reasonable mar- ^~\. 
 
 ket value t? 
 reasonable value ^ . 
 
 railroad com- lS\ 
 pany , 
 railway .LS.. 
 
 read (present 
 
 reasonableness 
 
 question 
 questionable _.... 
 
 questionable- Js^ 
 ness 
 questioner .^.... 
 
 questionnaire .j.... 
 
 J> 
 reasonably cer- ... . .. 
 
 tain ^^\ 
 reasonably nee- ... w 
 
 tense) / 
 (write) 
 
 essary /\A 
 reasonably . ?..:.... 
 
 reader 
 
 worth .. 
 reassemble-d d <^..ln?K.. 
 
 reading room ..../^ ... 
 readjustment x% .... 
 realization 
 
 (reassume) ...S\ 
 f t . 
 
 recharge ...^7...... 
 recollect"* 1 / .. 
 
 Quick 
 
 quicken 
 
 quickened 
 
 quicker 
 
 9 
 realize ^ 
 
 (recall) 
 
 quickest 
 
 >o 
 (release) 
 
 
 recollection . .. /\. . 
 
 auicklv 
 
 realizable .^.. 
 
 (reformation) S?,..\^
 
 82 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 reconsider 1 
 
 X s ) 
 
 reconsideration V... 
 
 /^ 
 reconstruct 2 . 1_ .. 
 
 refer-red d -ence . x^V-. 
 
 referable ./ // \^... 
 /^\ 
 
 referendum / 
 
 relate-d 2 -ation ...L/.. .... 
 relationship ..6/ 
 relative L/ 
 
 s\ 
 
 reconstruction U... 
 
 . x^ 
 
 reconstructive u. 
 
 /^C 
 
 refinedly 
 reflect-ed d /^~ 
 
 relatively (/ 
 relator C/ 
 
 recover-ed~ d ../.. 
 
 ry 
 reflection xO 
 
 relevancy t/ Vi 
 
 recoverable /.. .V 
 
 reflects .^>P.... 
 
 /o 
 reliance 
 
 recovery ./. 
 
 recriminate-d 1 
 -ation 9 6~2> 
 rccross-examin- 
 
 reflexes ...Xo... 
 reform-ed" d ..x^.l.. 
 reformatory /^ V\ 
 
 {/> 
 reliant ... L/ .. 
 
 religion / 
 religious ' 
 
 ation 
 redeliver-ed"" 1 .x^l . .. 
 
 reformer ..X\ 
 
 religiously . 7 
 
 redelivery ./"I/ 
 
 7 
 
 ref resh-ed (in / 
 
 religiousness SWR 
 
 redetermine-d l X^ri 
 
 phrases) -^ - 
 ref. your (my) 's~i 
 
 relinquish-ed 1 . . ~., 
 
 -ation ^ J 
 redirect examin- /cr~> 
 
 memory / 
 ref. your (my) / 
 
 -ment (/^) 
 relinquisher 
 
 ation - 
 redisrowr-ed 1 /J. , > 
 
 recollection ^-^V 
 refrigerative . !? 
 
 reluctancy L/ ) .. 
 
 reduction ...//]j... 
 
 regeneration ...</[/ .. 
 
 reluctant-ce ..(_/.. ST. 
 
 (radiation) s\j 
 
 (rejection) /I ~^ 
 
 reluctantly L/ 
 
 reduplication *e 
 
 regenerative /(/ /I 
 
 remark"'' 
 
 reelection ^fy . 
 
 register-ed" d /U. 
 
 ^^ 
 
 remarkable-y .^ . . 
 
 yU^, 
 
 reengage 1 / 
 
 (registrar) /( 
 
 ^\o 
 
 remarkable- 
 
 x^- x 
 
 reengagement ./../-*..... 
 reestablish-ed /l!\ 
 
 register of deeds ...x^^.. 
 registration /% 
 
 ness rv 
 remember 1 ... \ 
 
 remembrance A 
 
 -ment > 
 reexamine ./ < '~" 5 .. 
 
 regular-ity ../^. 
 
 remotest ....A^.... 
 
 reexamination ./^ .. 
 
 regularly /^.... 
 
 renownedly .y^f.. 
 
 (resumption) o "^ 
 
 regulate-d z / 
 
 /~* 
 
 reorganization 
 
 J3 
 
 reexchange / ' 
 
 j*J> 
 
 reinspect-ed 2 / ^\ 
 
 /~ 
 
 reorganize 
 
 
 -ion 

 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 
 
 83 
 
 reorganized 
 repeatedly 
 (rapidly) 
 replenish'-ment 
 reprehend 2 
 reprehender 
 
 reprehensible-y 
 -ity 
 
 (reappear- 
 ance) 
 
 reprehensible- 
 ness 
 
 reprehension 
 
 reprehensive 
 
 reprchensory 
 
 represent" 11 
 
 representation 
 
 representative 
 
 representer 
 
 reproduction 
 
 reproductive 
 
 republic 
 
 republican 
 
 Republican 
 
 party 
 Democratic 
 
 party 
 republicanism , 
 
 republication 
 
 republish 
 
 republished 
 
 repudiate-d 2 
 repugnance-t-ly 
 repugnancy 
 require 1 
 
 (reward) 
 requirement 
 
 resemble-d d 
 
 -ance 
 reserve-d 1 
 
 reservedly 
 reserver 
 resignation 
 respect-ed" 11 
 respectability 
 respectable-y 
 respcctableness 
 respecter 
 respectful-ly 
 respectfulness 
 respective 
 (reception) 
 (receptive) 
 respectively 
 respond-ed 2 -ent 
 responsibility 
 responsible 
 responsiblencss 
 
 responsive-ly 
 
 responsive to the x ^ , .\. . . . 
 
 question 
 
 in response 
 
 to the question 
 restaurant 
 
 (restrained) .. // 
 
 restraining order/ 
 restriction 
 
 (illustration) 
 restrictive 
 
 (illustrative) . . (.. \j ... . 
 resurrect-ed" d . . X_ 
 
 (reserve) 
 resurrection 
 
 (reservation) 
 retraction 
 
 reverend 
 (reverent) 
 (reverently)
 
 84 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 reverential-ly /.\*/.... 
 
 S 
 
 search-warrant .o/7/}.. 
 
 7 
 (referential) ../.. 
 
 *M 
 
 sanctification 5O., 
 
 secretary o _ 
 
 revolution ../O. 
 
 A. f) 
 
 sanctify 1 ..^r^.. 
 
 secretary of a -P 
 state T 
 
 (revulsion) S\J. .... 
 
 sanguine 
 
 secretary of ..--y/.... 
 
 / 
 
 <<_p 
 
 war 
 
 revolutionary /'"X .... 
 
 sanguinary ...-..../... 
 
 secretaryof . Q 
 
 ( 
 
 1~? 
 
 the company 
 
 revolutionist ,.../9 
 
 sanguinely .S~.. 
 
 secretary of f\s. 
 the treasury Q 
 
 revolutionize .... /?..... 
 
 sanguineness 
 p 
 
 secretaryship ...^l.. 
 
 revolutions ....^?... 
 
 satisfaction 
 
 secure 1 
 
 per minute x\j^= 
 
 rb 
 
 o 
 
 rcvolve-d"'' 
 
 sadsfactorily Cr^"... 
 
 self i o 
 
 
 
 
 revolver ^-\ 
 
 satisfactoriness .L/^" 
 
 self -advance- ol^ 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 ment <" 
 
 (rifle) .^. 
 
 satisfactory ... p/... 
 
 self-ad ver- ,.o.l 
 
 revolving 
 
 satisfy 
 
 tisement n 
 self-control 1 
 
 
 
 
 right-hand v 
 
 (suit) ...f. 
 
 self-destruc- ...d 
 
 .n 
 
 
 tion | U 
 
 right-hand .... v .^| 
 
 satisfied r 
 
 self-develop- ..l\ 
 
 side /^\ 
 (wrong side) .. 
 
 e ^ 
 
 savings bank xo 
 
 ment ). s 
 self-esteem 
 
 right-handed v 
 
 saviour .X^ 
 
 self -evident cN-^ . 
 
 /c 
 
 
 
 
 right of way 
 
 say (in phrases) o 
 
 seU-explana- P\ 
 
 
 S 
 
 K-> > 
 
 tory 
 
 (right away) 
 
 hearsay 
 
 self-govern- .. "^. 
 
 
 
 ment -^y 
 
 ( d "1 /I 
 
 how do you 
 
 self-know- 
 
 /*"** 
 
 rolling-stock L/.. 
 
 say J h> 
 shedidnot j 
 
 ledge 
 self-neglect -&s-~~... 
 
 
 say QJ 
 
 
 Roman Catholic^Vr-^ .. 
 
 shesays 
 
 . 
 
 Roman CatholiX-^ ~, .. ... 
 
 willyousay ./.. 
 
 tion 
 self-reliance 
 
 cism ^5 ^ 
 
 ) 
 
 o 
 
 room (in . ...^^ .... 
 
 scientific-al-ly M^^ 
 
 self-respect . s!^\ . 
 
 phrases) 
 
 \ 
 
 ,/t 
 
 roundhouse .._ 
 
 scientist ...^?. 
 
 self-righteous ..... ' 
 
 rupture-d" d . sS^\, 
 
 scripture 
 
 self-sacrifice- . c "~\ . 
 
 NO 
 
 
 scriptural-ly 
 
 self-satisfied ..of 
 b
 
 WORD 
 
 self-sufficient 
 selflsh-ly ....J.. 
 
 selfishness ... < /j>.... 
 
 xiT^ 
 sentimentalism ^-^ 
 
 SIGNS AND CONTRA 
 significance 
 (consequence) 
 
 CTIONS 85 
 
 6^7 
 solicitor-general ....!/. 
 
 somebody ..<fr\ 
 something c5^>_^. 
 sometime .<j> 
 (same time) .<j>rr^... 
 somewhat 
 somewhere (T^s/. . 
 somewhere or <$ / 
 
 significancy ' 
 
 significant 
 
 separate ....9s. 
 
 (spread) ....A 
 <? \ 
 (support) . .Ax" ... 
 
 separately V 
 
 (consequent) 
 significantly (... 
 signification 
 
 significative 
 signify" 1 
 similar-ity 
 similarly '.... 
 (small) 
 (smaller) 
 (simple-y) .. 
 
 <\. 
 
 separation (voc.) ....X).... 
 
 (expression) ...T\i... 
 (suppression) . \. . ~ 
 separator ..jfX...... 
 September .:^T^... 
 
 sergeant-at- .._^/t^... 
 arms ^a > ; 
 several ....V 
 
 severally ..^-^.. 
 (safely) ...\jfTT 
 severally ...>. ... 
 shall 
 
 shipment .....^ 
 
 JL_ 
 shortcoming 
 
 should (up) ../. 
 shrink . < T X 
 shrinkage ^^^ . . 
 
 other 
 son-in-law ^-^_^/.. 
 
 South America . . .... 
 
 southeast .. 
 
 \ 
 southeaster 1 
 
 \ 
 southeasterly ....LfT. 
 
 \ 
 southeastern .1... 
 
 southerly ..v^ 
 (safely) ..Tsr. 
 southern ....ii 
 southerner ....lr^.... 
 
 southernmost ..vT^ 3 .... 
 southward '..../? 
 southwardly ./?...... 
 southwest .... 
 south wester M.... 
 
 southwesterly 
 
 cr>v/^ 
 southwestern Q. 
 
 southwest- . /X 
 ward 
 
 single 
 
 singly 
 
 singular-ity 
 singularly 
 sinking-fund ..^^... 
 sister-in-law ..<~_^/ 
 situate-d -d 
 situation 
 
 skillful-ly 
 
 (2 V 
 
 skillfulness 
 slacken-ed d ../rTTTT?. 
 smooth-spoken .?~t 
 
 sidewalk ~r 
 signature
 
 86 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 C-v 
 
 southwest- ^V^~ 
 
 stenographer j 
 
 (subtract) Vi 
 
 wardly R 
 apeak ...... 
 
 (son) ...fi s ... 
 
 D L_ 
 
 subcontractor \1 
 
 9 
 (spoke) *.\ 
 
 special-ly ...\. 
 
 speciality ....\^. ... 
 specialty \ /\ 
 
 stenographic SS^TT-T . . 
 stenography ..1S*. 
 stepbrother ..\o^.... 
 
 ^A\ 
 
 stock-certificate * 
 
 subdivide ...J.S^... 
 subdivision .. ..Sv 
 
 0^3 
 
 subject (n) . ...\ 
 (subject) (v) \ 
 
 specific y 
 
 c*_0 
 
 stock exchange / 
 
 subjected \1 
 
 specifical-ly ..Jf. 
 
 stockholder . " 
 
 subjection . \) ... 
 
 specification ...JP. 
 (supposition) ...^ 
 
 (plansand "s^... 
 specifications) ^ 
 spiritedly .../^. 
 
 x^ c ~^ 
 
 spirituous li- ..? 
 quors o 
 spoken ^ 
 
 (soldier) .6~J. 
 street-railroad ,ff^\..-.. 
 
 street-railway . .<??. 
 
 yi. 
 
 street-railway #.. 
 company a 
 strength . ...1^. ... 
 
 \^ 
 strengthen L^. 
 
 R 
 
 (exhibition) ..^ 
 
 subjective . .^ 
 
 subjectivity . .. p 
 subjectiveness ^v^.... 
 subjugate 2 \ 
 subjugation ... \ . 
 
 sportsmanlike )p-7^ 
 springlike ._""" 
 standardization p 
 standardize . . p ... 
 
 strictest 
 'T 
 strictly speaking . . H?^. . . 
 
 (generally . o^ 
 speaking) ' ^. 
 strong . T^f.. 
 
 (subjection) . \> 
 
 \ 
 
 subordinate x 
 -d- d -tion \ 
 (specific) . ^P 
 
 9 V? 
 
 (subornation) .V... 
 
 statesmanlike j~-> 
 
 I 
 statistician . 
 
 n 
 
 strongly ...Trf. ... 
 stronger 
 
 subpoena-ed d . ^^-^ .. 
 subpoena 
 
 statute .[ 
 
 statute of limi- ^ 
 tations <T 
 statutory \, 
 
 steam-engine ...?Ir... 
 steam shovel . 
 
 [ 
 strongest ....S*?... 
 
 c 
 
 stronghold . ^~f 
 
 
 
 structure .1 ... 
 
 ^> 1 
 stumhling-hlork N. 
 
 duces tecum ? 
 subscribe-d 1 ..S> 
 
 subscriber " ... \ . 
 
 D 
 
 subscription . " 
 
 v 
 
 subscriptive " 
 snh<;pniipnrp \. 
 
 steamshin 'f..... 
 
 subcontract .NT) 
 
 subsenuent . \-^
 
 WORE 
 
 subsequently .\ f^ 
 
 .. 
 -ient o x 
 
 subservience ... ^K 
 
 subserviency ....V--- 
 substantial-ly .....Sp.... 
 
 substantially Np 
 correct r^ 
 substantially .../Nfi.... 
 
 SIGNS AND CONTRA 
 (sudden) ...J 
 suggestively (fr 
 
 suggestive- ./P.../*... 
 
 ness ^- ^-^ 
 superficial-ly v 
 
 superficiality . V ..<.. 
 
 superficial- \ _ 
 ness ^~^ 
 superhuman ^V- 
 
 (superman) 5\ . 
 
 CTIONS 8 7 
 (expression) ,...\5 
 
 (separation) . /X) 
 (voc.) <\ 
 supreme (in 
 
 phrases) c \_ 
 supreme court 
 
 supremest ..^^^ .. 
 
 sure Jf, 
 
 (assure) ...../) 
 surely /^~... 
 sureness ...^s_... 
 surgeon-general .o^if.... 
 surprise ?. 
 
 the same o 0"^ 
 substantials ...No 
 od 
 substantiate-d 1 ...Np 
 -tion <, u 
 substitute 2 ...No 
 
 substitution . N>p 
 o U 
 
 substructure Nj> 
 
 
 
 subtraction ..No 
 
 \ U 
 
 subtractive Nn.\n... 
 
 '03-0 
 
 succinct 
 succinctly (..... 
 suddenly "<~^/ 
 sufficiency 
 
 v-^ 
 
 superincumbent .f\ 
 
 V-' 
 
 superintend . ^ 
 -ent 
 superintend- '"^.p... 
 ence 
 superintend- ?S.... 
 ency J 
 supernatural ...f\. .. 
 
 -ly CX ^ 
 
 superscribe 1 ...9.. . \.. 
 
 (express) .../\>... 
 (suppress) "^V 
 
 surprisingly .... ?>' .... 
 surprised 
 
 superscription 
 
 <\ 
 
 superstruction .51 
 
 CK U 
 
 superstructural ;ta 
 
 -ly v 
 
 superstructure ...>s\. 
 suppress \, 
 (express) .....\5 
 suppress! ve ...V^. ... 
 (expressive) .....>o 
 suppressor ...?\^.. ... 
 suppressed ...?V..... 
 (expressed) ^>... 
 suppression v . 
 
 (expressed) .N> .... 
 (suppressed) .. .S^ .... 
 
 surveyor-gen- c/V_ .. 
 eral o J 
 suspect 2 . !\ 
 O 
 suspension . ^ 
 
 suspensive ,:\ 
 
 G^y 
 
 suspensory ....NX... 
 
 9 
 
 suspicion 
 
 R 
 
 suspicious ...... 
 O 
 
 suspiciously .... .. ... 
 
 suspiciousness .^LP .. 
 
 O 
 
 sufficicnt-ly 
 suffrage ... S^ 
 
 (savage) ^_ . 
 
 ? / 
 
 suffragette ;>> 
 
 suffragist . ..S^ 
 suggest-ed" d f 
 
 -ion *p 
 
 (said) 1 
 
 suggestive ,7 s V.
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 (soft) (voc.) . 
 
 e 
 
 swifter . \^.... 
 swiftest 
 switch 
 switch engine 
 
 f 
 
 switchman .......... 
 
 P 
 system 
 
 temperature U-r v.. 
 tempest .. .Ur^ ... 
 tempestuous .....W>.. 
 temporarily ...jurat.... 
 temporary ....U-rv/T 
 
 temporary ali- U>xv_, 
 mony 
 tendency J 
 
 C 3 
 
 that 
 the 
 
 the other ( 
 them C 
 themselves . x3 . 
 (this is) 
 thenceforth (a 
 
 (city) 
 
 tending to show J/ 
 
 thenceforward G 
 
 PHE 
 
 svstematiza- ^1 
 
 territorial r l/( 
 
 thereafter 
 
 *i D rt> 
 tion 
 
 systemization 
 
 territory .... 1^ .. 
 
 therefore . ) .. 
 
 T 
 
 tangible- y-ility I 
 
 testatrix ...,t> 
 (admuiistra- 1 
 
 therefrom .)>.. 
 
 thereinafter 2_. 
 
 tangibleness ...I 
 tank ....1 
 
 taxicab ^ 
 
 , <J ~~\ 
 techmcal-ly ....1 
 
 technicality 1 
 telegram .. r .... 
 telegraphic I 
 
 trix) , <JL_O 
 testimony J ^ 
 
 testimony of the. J-^,.... 
 defendant . 
 testimony of the.. <} x .. 
 plaintiff , ^ 
 testimony of the <f ^ . . . 
 witness . 
 textbook . 1 a .. 
 
 texture . uo .. 
 thank f 
 
 theretofor ..*) 
 thereunder c___^ 
 therewith ....| 
 therewithal ....A 
 
 f\ ^ 
 
 thermometer .^~~~^.. 
 these 
 (this) 
 
 telegraphical ...rrpr.... 
 p' /- 
 
 thanked (. 
 thankful-ly ( 
 
 (those) (o 
 thing 
 
 telescope-ic-ally ,.j! 
 tell [ 
 temperament-al w< """v^ 
 
 thankfuhiess .....1^^. 
 thankless (/$.. 
 thanklessly ....(/*.. 
 
 think 
 
 thinkable ... V 
 thinker C^......^,. 
 
 temperately ...Urrv... 
 
 thanklessness / 
 
 this
 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 89 
 
 thoroughgoing ...(/.*.... 
 
 / 
 
 (for the first ...S^ .... 
 day) 1 ^ 
 
 transfer' 11 (v) .. .L 
 
 those x> 
 
 tincture-d rt rr-rrr... 
 
 transfer (n) 'V 
 
 though r 
 
 to \ 
 
 n ^ 
 
 transferability ,.K._..... 
 
 thousand f 
 
 to a 
 
 transferable .. b 
 
 i 
 
 thousandfold / 
 
 to the 
 
 transference . U -^ 
 
 
 thousandth ( 
 
 together ...__ .... 
 
 transf orm-ed . trx. 
 
 cv H 
 
 
 -ation A ' 
 
 threshold Jk. 
 
 tomorrow . . vrrv/ . 
 
 transf orma- ...\TV__... 
 
 threshing-ma- . is. 
 
 tonight 
 
 tive n ^~^ 
 transformer . irx. 
 
 chine 
 throughout ..^ 
 
 too N 
 
 1 ^ 
 transgress ....brr... 
 
 thunderstorm ...JL 
 
 topography-ic . N^^ 
 
 transgressed .... b.'~~ > . . 
 
 thus to 
 
 toward 1 
 
 transgression .... o~~"^. . 
 
 thyself 
 
 towards Is 
 
 transgressor . D a ... 
 
 tighten 
 
 town hall 1 
 
 r 
 
 tranship-ed 1 . 1 
 -ment 3?n 
 
 (deaden) . V^, .... 
 
 town clerk 1 
 
 transport 2 <j^.. 
 
 p 
 
 (townclock) .1 
 trade-mark .Irr* 
 
 transportable (L 
 
 fs 
 
 transportation (W^. 
 n 
 
 (until) ' 
 
 (at all) [ 
 
 tragedy f\ 
 
 ' 
 transporter . dv 
 
 timber 
 
 transaction 'I 
 
 transubstantia- 0-^- 
 
 timbered .^~~*\... 
 
 n <ri 
 (transition) ? 
 
 tion n\ 
 transverse b . . 
 
 time (in full or) 
 daytime . trr--> ... 
 
 transatlantic ..(1L, 
 transcontinental jfTTT. .. 
 
 transversely b.... 
 
 1 ( 
 
 treasure K 
 
 time of day i. 
 
 transcontinental .fT. 
 
 treasurer g.. k.. 
 
 timecatd 
 1 
 
 line V 
 transcribe 1 ~\.. 
 n 
 
 treasury .%.. K/ 
 
 (ticker) ..! 
 
 transcriber . ~ ^v 
 
 trial 
 
 i 
 , L *t\' * *\ 
 timekeeper ...\. 
 
 > transcript ...^ 
 d \ 
 
 trunk . .. \^.,... 
 
 (for the first W~^ 
 
 \ ~> 
 transcription .". 
 
 
 
 trunkful ...L^, .. 
 
 time) VN
 
 90 STANDARDIZED REPORTING Si 
 
 truth . unbusinesslike O 
 
 1ORTHAND 
 
 uncorrupted- .^5r~^Sp 
 ness . 
 uncovered +~-*rr-r... 
 
 unctuous ....^ 
 undamaged ."^"T.^^.. 
 undemocratic lr-s. 
 under -^ <.. 
 
 undeserved . ^)f .... 
 undigested ....</.. 
 undignified ... ^~~ 
 
 truthful-ly .A: 
 
 truthfulness ... /I . . 
 
 P 
 twelve-th ,.l 
 
 twice ....7!>k.... 
 
 tWO ....N 
 
 typewrite ....!\ 
 typewriter ,..^\^... 
 typewriting ....!\ .... 
 typewritten . ...l^V, ... 
 
 U 
 
 unacceptable ... ^_o 
 (unspeakable) ... V 
 unaccepted ^^Q. 
 (inspected) . s ~~\, . 
 unaccompany . . 
 
 uncertain .>/.... 
 uncertainty .r> 9u.. 
 
 unchallenged ..^~~f..... 
 
 *" ~f 
 unchangeable-y ^/.. 
 
 unchange ..^~J ..... 
 
 uncollected < 
 uncommon x . 
 
 (unique) 
 
 uncommonly *?...,. 
 (uniquely) ( 
 
 ' 1 
 (indignity) 
 
 undiscernedly \.fL..... 
 undischarged ^71 .. 
 undiscoverable~j ^ . 
 undiscovered ,^J_ o . 
 
 undiscriminat- -^P. 
 ing .j, 
 (indiscrimi- 
 nating) 
 undistributed ^\\ 
 
 (indistinct) ....ZlL 
 undisturbed !^D j . . 
 unengaged .^- /-r. 
 unenthusiastic .; ^_^ 
 unequivocal^^TT 
 unexaggerated n. 
 
 unconcerned ....^ 
 unconcernedly . "v^. 
 
 unconcerned- ...^_p--. 
 ness "|-1 
 unconditional . .. . Y .. 
 
 -ly 
 unconnertpd x , 
 
 -ied' i. 
 unaccomplish ... 
 -ed 1 
 unaccountable-y 
 
 (uncountable) 
 
 unconscious 9: 
 
 (anxious) ^~^ 
 
 unconsciously . 
 
 unadvisable ,^Z\..., 
 
 (inadvisable) .^^ 
 
 ~~\* 
 (invisible) ,1^.. 
 
 (unfeasible) ^L 
 
 unconsciousness c *^^. 
 
 unconstitutional P 
 
 -ly _ Y 
 
 (institution) . ^~T .... 
 
 unconstitution- 0..... 
 ality M 
 uncorrected ' ... 
 
 unexaminable 
 
 * 'N. 
 
 (incorrect) 
 
 unexamined 
 
 Cneiehborlv) .Nr. 
 
 uncorruotedlv STTTTN/' 
 
 unexampled
 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 
 
 91 
 
 unexcepted 
 
 unexception- 
 
 ableness 
 unexpected 
 
 (inspected) 
 unexpectedly 
 unexplainable 
 unexplained 
 unexploded 
 unexpressed 
 unfairness 
 unfamiliar-ity 
 unfamiliarly 
 
 unforgiven 
 
 
 
 unforgiving 
 unforsaken "~~ 
 unforeseen 
 unfortunate-ly . 
 unfurnished 
 (unvarnished) . 
 
 ungentleman- 
 
 like 
 ungentlemanli- . 
 
 ness 
 ungentlemanly 
 
 (ungently) 
 unholiness 
 unhopeful-ly 
 uniform 
 
 uniformity 
 uniformly 
 
 (inform) \ 
 
 unimaginable-y 
 unimaginative 
 unimportance-t . 
 
 (unimproved) 
 unimportantly . 
 unimprovable 
 unimproved 
 
 (unimpor- 
 tant) 
 uninfluenced 
 
 uninfluential 
 uninformed 
 uninhabited 
 uninstructed 
 
 uninstructive 
 
 unintoxicating 
 union 
 
 (communion) 
 United States 
 
 universal-ly 
 Universalism 
 Univcrsalist 
 universality 
 
 v> 
 
 rxi 
 
 ...Jj 1 . 
 
 universalness 
 universe .....^ 
 
 university 
 
 (anniversary) 
 unlearned 
 unlearnedly 
 
 ,^ r ... 
 
 unless 
 
 unmannerly 
 
 unnatural-ly 
 
 unnaturalized 
 
 unnegotiable 
 
 unnumbered 
 
 (encumbered) 
 unobjected 
 unobserved 
 unobstructed 
 unobstructedly 
 unorganized 
 unpopular-ly 
 unpractised 
 unprecedented \j. 
 
 unpremedi- 
 
 tatedly 
 unprescrvcd 
 
 unprincipled 
 unprobatcd
 
 92 
 
 STANDARDIZED REPORTING SHORTHAND 
 
 unproductive . \. . . . \ 
 
 AJb J 
 
 unprohibited ...\. 
 
 unprophetic 
 
 unspoken ./T^ .... 
 
 unsportsman- *^prr~> 
 like 
 unstatesman- tr ^ 
 
 untruthfulness ?~r / \_^p 
 unusual-ly / 
 unwarlike 
 
 unproportionate .....\y. 
 
 unproportioned ....\..... 
 \J| 
 unpublished ^T^X..... 
 
 unquestion- ^__ 
 able-y \ 
 unreasonable-y ...<^j^.. 
 
 unreasonable- . ^i^. e . . 
 
 like 
 unsteadfast ^~rfi 
 
 unsteadfastly ^~ft^~. 
 unsteadfastness . .^ 61 ... 
 unsub jected .^.N 1 . . 
 unsub jugated ^S 
 unsubordinated | 
 
 ^- 
 unwelcome-d - 6 
 
 unwilling - C.. 
 unworkmanlike >*/ 
 unworldliness ..r^rfV>... 
 unwritten .<^^^.. 
 (in writing) 
 
 ness 5^^ 
 unreformed ^_/^ ) 
 
 C 
 unsubstantial-ly Na 
 
 upheld \ 
 
 unrelated ' '/ 
 
 - ' 
 
 unsubstantial- ^o 
 
 (pulled) 
 
 unrepresented ^_,/^... 
 
 ed |T 
 
 . O ~*~-> 
 
 unsuggestive j~^ 
 
 uphold \ 
 
 unresponsible ^-S. 
 
 unsuspected N. 
 
 unner \ .. 
 
 unrewarded t^t/4.. 
 
 unsanctified ...._ 
 unsatisfactorily . ~~~y^~-- 
 
 unsuspectedly ^\s-... 
 
 ^0 
 unsuspectingly A^.... 
 
 unsuspicious . . 
 
 upstairs ...^\) ... 
 usual-ly / 
 utilitarian f^x? 
 
 unsatisfactory .' T/ 
 
 unsuspiciously {~- 
 
 utility 
 
 unsatisfied ^~P 
 
 >Jb 
 
 unsuspicious- ^ 
 
 utilization n .. 
 
 unscriptural 
 
 ness 
 unthankful-ly s f 
 
 m 
 utilize S~ 
 
 unsecure ^-W . 
 
 f 
 unthinkable A 
 
 f 
 
 utilized f 
 
 (insecure) 
 
 "^ 
 
 unthinking ....L 
 
 V * 
 
 unsecured V_Q. 
 
 until ' 
 
 \ 
 
 vacant V ^ .... 
 
 unselfish ...-/.. 
 
 un timbered ....r"^^ 
 
 vaccinate 2 . L. 
 
 unselfishly .... .. 
 
 untinctured ^ L - < 1 
 
 (fascinate) ..1. 
 
 unselfishness . ^_g> . 
 
 untoward v 1 . 
 
 ^Qs 
 vaccination ..V. 
 
 -~\ 
 unsneakable-v v... 
 
 untruthful-lv ...rrrfl... 
 
 vaccine .\. ...
 
 WORD SIGNS AND CONTRACTIONS 93 
 
 vainglorious V, n . . 
 
 vcngefulness >^ 
 
 (feasibility) .S\ .. 
 
 vainglory S^*- 
 
 verge ..S- 
 
 visibleness ^^ >o. 
 
 
 
 U v 
 
 valid . Vy ^1 
 
 (average) ...y.... 
 
 (advisable- ..>No. 
 ness) ^ v 
 
 (valued) 
 
 (voyage) ^ 
 
 (feasibleness) ^v>.. 
 
 
 
 validity ../""I 
 
 vermiform ...\rrro. 
 
 visitor ^^^ 
 
 
 validly . . ../'... 
 
 vice versa ^^ .. 
 
 vitriform .Nv. 
 
 validness 
 
 vice-president .....^J 
 
 viva voce .^\ 
 
 
 ^D 
 
 
 value 1 ^^ . 
 
 ... ^ii_^ 
 
 vicinity ...TTrTT. ... 
 
 vivisection ^V 
 
 valuable . \^__. 
 (available) ^J N . . 
 
 vigilance "...^J~. 
 vigilant t/~... 
 
 ^ 
 voluntary 
 
 voluntary ac- 
 
 valuableness . Vv 
 
 vigilantly ...<fcr. ... 
 
 tion tv~ 
 voluntarily (. 
 
 O" 
 
 (voluble) ... T"^.. .. 
 
 ( 
 virgin . .Sy.. .. 
 
 voluptuous-ly ..S^^... 
 
 valuation . ^^... 
 
 virginal ...>y ... 
 
 -ary r\ ^ 
 voluptuousness .S^. 
 
 valuator .. ^ 
 
 Virginia .><_ 
 
 W / 
 
 valueless . .^y'?. 
 
 Virginian ...S>y .... 
 
 warehouse L/..Q 
 
 vanquish 1 . ^._..... J| .. 
 
 virginity ..^7 
 
 (work house) c/. . . . _^ 
 /^ 
 
 vanquishable s - 
 
 virtue ^ 
 
 warehouseman (S 
 
 vanquisher W_^-jN 
 
 virtueless ...."^v..... 
 
 warm 1 
 
 vanquishment . L__ 
 
 by virtue of ^T^... 
 
 warmer 
 
 vegetable ...S^ 
 
 virtuous .....T!& 
 
 warmly 
 
 
 vegetable king- . .V^ 
 dom 
 
 virtuously ...fX. 
 
 warmness 
 
 
 vegetarianism ,V__..... 
 
 virtuousness . .'^^p 
 
 warmth S .. 
 .0 
 
 vegetate-d 2 ...S^ 
 
 visible-y .....^ 
 
 warranty deed ' 
 
 
 vegetative . X- ... 
 vengeance ..SL 
 vengeful-ly ..S* 
 
 (advisable) . ..^V.. 
 
 -biiity) r 
 
 (feasible) ....^\... 
 visibility .>.. 
 
 was ) 
 watchword ^> 
 water .\
 
 (weather) 
 watermark ^ 
 
 what were 
 
 whereas t/ 
 
 what would 
 
 o 
 whereof . 6/ 
 
 whereon ...iS.. 
 
 whether 
 
 c 
 
 whetheror 
 not 
 (as to whether 
 or not) 
 whether we 
 C 
 whether you-r 
 
 o, 
 
 which /... 
 
 whichsoever ..../ 
 whichever ...u 
 while 
 
 way (in phrases). .c ..a 
 
 /<. 
 (railway) ./. 
 
 wayward TX.-'tX. 
 waywardly \jtis... 
 
 waywardness \ . fc/^rr? 
 
 ^c 
 
 we 
 
 *-) 
 what year . ....... 
 
 o 
 
 what you-r 
 
 whatever u 
 wheelbarrow . 
 
 when 
 
 whenever 
 
 ^_P 
 
 whensoever ^"~ 
 
 we are 
 
 </3 
 
 we are not 
 
 whence . c_P .. 
 whencesoever . . . c O . . . 
 where LS 
 
 C 
 we were 
 
 we will 
 
 we will not 
 
 whereabout ..t/.,. 
 
 s^^*. 
 
 whereabouts ..(S. 
 whereat ..6^.1.... 
 whereby ..c/\.. 
 wherefore 6/<'\ s .. 
 wherein .(S^Z... 
 
 whereinto i/^~^\ 
 9 
 wheresoever ..cS^*- 
 
 ,A 
 
 whereto ..eS 
 
 whereunto i/^T\ 
 whereupon (/ ^.. 
 
 f* 
 whilst 
 
 whimsical-ly 
 
 we would 
 
 wearing apparel c,/\./ 
 
 weather 
 
 c 
 
 welcome v 
 
 whimsicahiess 
 
 whitewash 
 
 whithersoever ol 
 Wisconsin . ^~ . 
 who . / 
 
 were .....c 
 were we ....C. 
 
 were you-r ...C/. 
 
 -^S' 
 
 westerly 
 
 whoso < '.. 
 whosoever .... 
 whoever .. L 
 (who are) 1 
 (who have) ....L 
 whole /" 
 wholeness ../^~ . 
 
 westward ....^y. 
 westwardly, ..^y^.. 
 West Virginia TV.. 
 what * 
 
 wherever 6/V- 
 wherewith c*. 
 
 what we 
 
 wherewithal t/^..
 
 WORD 
 wholesale ..f*>. 
 wholesaler X? ;.... 
 
 SIGNS AND CONTRA 
 
 withheld (. 
 
 / < 
 
 withhold \ 
 
 < ( 
 within V. 
 
 CTIONS 95 
 workmanship ...iSJ ... 
 world 
 
 wholesome /'^ 
 
 worldliness 
 
 wholesomely .y^~^.. . . 
 
 wholesome- .../Jtt> 
 ness 
 whom 
 
 without (. 
 
 worldly . 
 worship ...Cs4. .... 
 would -3 
 
 withstand ....a" 
 
 withstood .T- ... 
 c I 
 witness 
 
 
 would we D 
 would what D 
 would you-r ^7 
 
 X 
 
 x-ray ..77-^.... 
 
 x-ray picture . .TTTXX^. . 
 
 Y 
 
 yard 
 
 yardstick . 
 
 u 
 
 ye 
 
 whose 6 
 whosesoever . fc 
 why ....:. 
 width > 
 will ..../C.-. 
 willing ..L. 
 willingly ...L.. 
 wish 1 ^.. ... 
 wisher 
 wishing . * 
 
 f 
 witness stand ..., u . 
 
 witnessed 
 
 womanhood 
 
 "T 
 
 womanlike 
 
 work (/ 
 
 work-farm c/^...^ra 
 workhouse L/......Q. 
 (warehouse) ..^/ 
 working-day . c/. . . . .| . . 
 (work day) c/.. 1 . . 
 workingman it., 
 
 year 
 
 C- 
 
 with 
 
 Y 
 yearling . Sr' 
 
 Y 
 yearly ....V 
 
 WJ 
 
 year to year 
 yes ..( ...P 
 
 yes, your ...f 
 Honor (j/ 
 yes, sir ...D..Q.. 
 
 yesterday ...| 
 yet > u 
 
 withal 
 with what 
 with you-r 
 
 withdraw ... V| 
 
 (rl 
 withdrawal ....Y| 
 
 <r 
 
 withdrawer ....TJ...... 
 withdrawn ....V| 
 
 L 
 
 withdrew ...;f\ 
 
 workroom <4... 
 (workingroom) i/.. . . ^~ 
 workshop .</... 
 (worship) ..(S^/..... 
 workwoman </. 
 workman ...ot...... 
 workmanlike .c/.. 
 workmanly L/. 
 
 you .. o
 
 96 STANDARDIZED REPORTING S 
 
 you were ....D 
 
 (-in 
 
 Cl <J .... 
 
 you would ....O 
 
 phrases) 
 your Honor 
 
 (T 
 
 young .** / 
 
 if your Honor . 
 please 
 
 & 
 
 young man ,.vs^ .. 
 
 if your Honor . 
 
 
 
 pleases 
 
 -%> 
 
 younger v-*. s.. 
 
 in your office . 
 
 
 youngest ...v^0.... 
 
 in your shop . 
 
 
 your .. -..(.. 
 
 for your reply . 
 
 W\ 
 
 yours 
 yourself 
 yourselves 
 youth 
 
 youthful-ly 
 youthfulness 
 
 ERRATA AND ADDENDA 
 Page 49 Antarctic, the N should be half length. 
 
 Page 57 Discriminate, notice possible danger of conflict with 
 designate, which should have been inserted at this 
 point. 
 
 Page 64 Hire should not be printed in heavy-face type. 
 Page 65 Inactive, outline omitted. Should be N 3 -Ktiv 
 
 Page 66 Inconsideration, line omitted. Should be second 
 position. 
 
 Page 67 Inexperience, line omitted. Should be second posi- 
 tion. 
 
 Page 71 Marketable, outline omitted. Should be M 3 -Kt-Bl 
 
 Page 88 Temperature, danger of conflict with temper in cases 
 like "the temperature of the metal." Vocalize 
 temper. , 
 
 Page 92 Unquestionable should be in second position. 
 
 Page 92 Unusual, the words anguish and English should be 
 inserted in parentheses after this to call attention to 
 possible conflicts. 
 
 PRESS OF 
 J. C. MILLER, JR. 
 MKDFORD, MASS.
 
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