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 ( AIJFOKNIA. 
 
 VIEW OF THE COMMERCE 
 
 BETWEEN THE 
 
 UNITED STATES 
 
 AND 
 
 RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL 
 
 INCLUDING 
 
 The Number of Arrivals of American, Engli.-li, French, and all nilier rorci?n Vessels, 
 
 with Uie exact Amount of tlicir respective Importations lor the month 
 
 of January, up to the month of September, 16:^6, inclusive. 
 
 A suecirKt Slatcment of the Genera) Commerce with Ro <le Janeiro, an 1 the other Commercial Ports of 
 
 the Empire frequented by American a.id E.ir.pea,. Vessels ; their Geosnipi.ical Positions, 
 
 Products, and Popnlalion, Ge.ieral Imports from the Cited Slates, and Exports 
 
 iu return from Rio dc Janeiro ; General TariS' for 1837 ; Extent in 1S33. 
 
 EMBELLISHED WITH 
 
 A FULL AXD COMPREHENStVE MAP OF THE ENTIRE IIARDOU OF EIO 
 DE JANEIRO, SOUNDINGS AND ^VNCIIOUAGC. 
 
 BY JOHN M. BAKER, 
 
 M 
 LATE CNITED STATES CONSUL FOR RlO DE JANEIRO AND DErENDENCICS. 
 
 WASHINGTOX, D. C. 
 
 PBINTED AT THE OFFICE OP THE DEMOCRATIC REVIEW. 
 
 1838. 
 
V 
 
 <'■ 
 
 /^ f^-i. 
 
RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED 
 
 TO THE 
 
 Commercial Community of the United States: 
 
 The Author, formerly Consul of the United States, in 
 the Mediterranean, and publisher of a work entitled, "A 
 View of the Commerce of the Mediterranean," publish- 
 ed in Washington City, in 1&19,— and from 1832, 
 United States Consul at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, who 
 now respectfully offers to his fellow citizens this small 
 work, being " general information of the commerce be- 
 tween the United States and Rio de Janeiro," resulting 
 from a practical knowledge of business, and facilitated 
 by the knowledge of the language, with the geographi- 
 cal position, products, population, &c., of the different 
 ports in the Empire, likewise frequented by American 
 Vessels, viz :— Bahiti, Pernambuco, Maranhan, Para, 
 Santos, St. Catharin's, and Rio Grande do Sal, — his 
 labours proving useful to our interesting and extensive 
 commerce, and favoured by the approbation of an enter- 
 prising and enlightened people, will attain his utmost 
 wishes and highest gratification. 
 
 JOHN M, BAKER, 
 
i > I I'll 
 
 N f A' 1'^ r? ?5 T T y I » F 
 \LI; 
 
 A VIEW, ETC. 
 
 The United Stales trade with Rio de Janeiro, is con- 
 siderable from the quantities of coffee exported home- 
 ward, and many yearly shipments by American orders 
 to the North of Europe, Antwerp, and Trieste. 
 
 Its general imports are that of flour, of which article 
 there is an annual consumption in the city and province 
 of from ninety to ninety-five thousand barrels, the adja- 
 cent coast likewise calls for a constant supply, and it 
 is only when the crops have failed in the United States 
 that recourse has been had to other countries. That 
 generally to the Cape of Good Hope for wheat ; and 
 partially to the South of France for small supplies of 
 flour. In 1837 considerable quantities of flour were 
 imported at Rio de Janeiro from Bordeaux, &c. 
 
 Tea, an article of common use and of great con- 
 sumption, is now imported from the United States in 
 consequence of the decrease of the trade of this country 
 with the East Indies — quantities of European merchan- 
 dise are imported from the United States, especially 
 such as are debenture goods, consisting of cordage, 
 Russia ducks, nankeens, and India goods, generally, 
 &c., likewise home manufactured stout and low priced 
 
cottons, sperm candles, soap, kc, &c., and of late some 
 few cargoes of ice have arrived from Boston, which 
 have paid a liandsomc freight. Apples have proved to 
 arrive sound in tliese vessels, and in small parcels, say 
 of one hundred barrels, have sold for ten dollars per 
 barrel. Some few whalers, especially from the coast of 
 Patagonia, touching here for provisions, have generally 
 sold their oil to advantage; lumber and spars, have also 
 paid a good freight. 
 
 Our vessels return principally to the United Slates, 
 some likewise are ladened for the North of Europe and 
 a few for Trieste, &c. 
 
 The bulk of their cargoes consist of coffee, the pro- 
 duct of the Province of Rio de Janeiro, and ports adja- 
 cent, brouglit round by coasters, and that from the inte- 
 rior by the conveyance of mules. 
 
 Sugar is likewise shipped, as wfll as ox and horse 
 hides, and ox horns with choice woods for the making 
 of cabinet furniture. 
 
 N. B. The nelt proceeds of a cargo of flour, say three 
 thousand barrels, being upon on average, about thirty 
 thousand dollars. When such articles composes the 
 bulk of the cargo — arriving to take in n return cargo ot 
 coffee, the said coffee at an average will nninuut to up- 
 %vards of fifty thousand dollars, consequently the defi- 
 ciency is m general made up by bills drawn on London 
 by the purchaser, and in case of little or no cargo being 
 shipped in the United States for this operation, a credit 
 
On London is commonly sent to the purchaser here, to 
 avail of favourable exchange to realize the necessary 
 funds for said purchase, and a certain number of ves- 
 sels from Boston arriving here for coffee, come in bal- 
 last, of late some with ice, and generally the amount 
 necessary for the purchase of a cargo of coffee, is re- 
 mitted in bills on London. When bills are not sent, 
 specie is remitted, say, in gold "Spanish doubloons' 
 or in silver "Spanish pillared dollars." This money is 
 exchanged at the most favourable rate for paper curren- 
 cy of the country to satisfy payment for the produce 
 purchased. The commercial transactions at Rio de Ja- 
 neiro, as regards operations of paper, are influenced by 
 the amount of- bills in market on London, or vice versa, 
 the deficiency. Considerable sums are required for re- 
 mittances at all times to satisfy in part the amount of 
 heavy shipments of manufactured goods, &c., constant- 
 ly sent from England, Ireland, and Scotland, to their 
 factors or agents here. Therefore the rise or fall of ex- 
 change between this city and London, wholly depends 
 upon casualty which cannot be foreseen, and the case 
 has occurred, when on the meeting upon Ihe exchange 
 at the hour of ten, bills have been sold for thirty-sijC 
 pence sterling per mil reis, and before exchange hours 
 were over, operations have been transacted at thirty- 
 four, and even thirty-two pence per mil reis, and upon 
 o^er occasions vice versa; thence the instability and 
 fluctuations of exchange negotiations in this city. 
 
8 
 
 Exchange on the United States is verj- nominal, and 
 it is seklom that purchasers offer for purposes of com- 
 merce, for the reasons before stated, that the amount of 
 exports homeward and American orders for Europe do 
 considerably exceed that of imports ; thence, unless by 
 some very favourable occurrence, drafts upon the Uni- 
 ted States can seldom be nepjotiated with equal advan- 
 tage of drafts upon London. Gold and silver are an 
 article of speculative exchange which varies daily, and 
 is influenced by the paper exchange on London, (like- 
 wise momentarily by the importation of certain portions 
 of foreign gold and silver coins,) which of late has not 
 varied from more than five to ten per cent, either in in- 
 crease or decrease. Accounts are kept in reis, viz: 
 one thousand reis, one mil reis, whicli mil reis, if the 
 Spanish dollar is worth fifteen hundred reis, would, in 
 such case, be two-thirds of a dollar ; say sixty-six and 
 two-thirds cents United States currency. It is necessa- 
 ry here to note that as the value of the Spanish dollar 
 has no fixed standard, and fluctuates according to the 
 quantity of silver or gold coins in market, the value of 
 whichis regulated by the rate of exchange on London; 
 thence the impossibility of stating the exact value of the 
 Spanish (hjllar in currency of this cify, but at the mo- 
 ment of operations. On arriving at Rio dc Janeiro in 
 February', 1S32, the Spanish dollar was then worth in 
 market seventeen hundred reis, a few months after jt 
 was not worth more than twelve hundred and fifty reis, 
 
it continued a very considerable time at from that to thir- 
 teen hundred a thirteen hundred and fifty reis and up- 
 wards the dollar. In 1836 it took some ris-e in exchange 
 value, say fourteen hundred, fourteen hundred and fifty, 
 fifteen hundred reis, and when the author embarked at 
 Rio de Janeiro, returning home, on the thirty-first Au- 
 gust, 1837, it had risen to over sixteen hundred per 
 Spanish dollar. The dollars of the South American 
 Independent States have been, and continue to be, in 
 exchange for paper currency under the value of the 
 Spanish dollar, varying, say from six to eight per cent, 
 upwards. The Patriot doubloons upon the same prin- 
 ciple. 
 
 The Empire of Brazil have, of their own coinage, 
 gold and silver r.oins, tbpsp nrp rarclj circulated for bu- 
 siness transactions. Their general receipts and pay- 
 ments are in paper of the City Bank, and the minutia 
 currency of daily and necessary expenditure is in cop- 
 per coin — the one this day extant of the highest value 
 is two vintems or forty reis ; tliere is also one of the 
 moiety of this value, say one vintem or twenty reis. 
 
 N. B. The copper coin above stated, valued at forty 
 reis, is a coin formerly valued at eighty reis, which the 
 Government-, in 1837, had restamped with the mark 
 " forty " over the former mark, eighty reis, which ope- 
 ration the Government undertook by calling in the 
 eighty reis pieces, and paying their amount in weight 
 
 equalizing the value ; this was generally understood as 
 2 
 
10 
 
 a mild, judicious act of the Government to prevent the 
 extension, and indeed the whole of the introduction, in 
 the Empire, of the immense amounts of counterfeit 
 " eighty " rcis pieces. Which act could not less than 
 prove effectual from the difference in the weight of the 
 copper. Weights and measures, in usage at Rio De 
 Janeiro, viz: 
 
 One quintal is four arrobas, one arroba thirty-two 
 pounds Brazilian, one hundred pounds Brazilian weight 
 equal to one hundred and two pounds United States 
 weight; the common weight of a bag of coffee, shipped 
 for foreign market at this port, weighs, by commercial 
 usage^ nett, five arroba, or one hundred and sixty Bra- 
 zilian pounds. The measure in general usage for 
 
 liquids is the mcdldn, oqiinl to fniirfli-riftlK; nf n gallon. 
 
 United States measure. The grain measure in general 
 is the alquiere, which exceeds something over the 
 bushel. United States measure. 
 
 The United States have a squadron station rendez- 
 vous at the harbour of Rio de Janeiro, at which jilace 
 arrives a timely supply of provisions, (and some slops,) 
 such as are in daily consumption on board our vessels 
 of war abroad ; the bulk of which consists of bread, 
 ilour, beef, pork, butter, cheese, whiskey, vinegar, mo- 
 lasses, &c. This supply is forwarded of the best kinds, 
 under the direction of the honourable Board of Navy 
 Commissioners. The store-house for the deposite of the 
 United States naval stores is situated upon the Island 
 
11 
 
 of Col^ras, nearly in front of the arsenal— for which a 
 yearly rent of two thousand mil reis had been paid, and 
 was so continued. Soon after John Martin Baker 
 took charge of the stores, he obtained a store-house of 
 equal capacity, and every necessary advantage for 
 twelve hundred mil reis per annum, a saving to the Go- 
 vernment, of eight hundred mil reis a year ; and upon 
 his arrival at Rio de Janeiro, a Government export 
 <luty was then continued to be exacted ; but, by unre- 
 mitted exertions, and fostering the good opinion and 
 friendly disposition of the competent executive officers, 
 he had the satisfaction to land, and store, free of all 
 ■duty, the cargoes of public stores for tlie use of the 
 United States vessels of w^ar, received per — 
 Brig Serene, from Baltimore, invoice am't. $19,669 42 
 Ship Oneida, " " " 867 80 
 
 Brig Barbara, Washington '' " 18,746 61 
 
 -" Brutus, New York " " 14,053 76 
 
 Bark Ohio, Washington ^' " 20,152 12 
 
 Amounting to $73,489 71 
 
 Saving to the Government, in this particular instance, 
 -of at least three thousand dollars. As an agent he did 
 his duty, and was successful for our public good. The 
 ■export duly has since been renewed. 
 
 The United States squadron upon the Brazil Coast, 
 in 1832, consisted of two corvettes, the Lexington 
 
12 
 
 and Warren, and two schooners, the Enterprise and 
 Boxer. In August, 1837, there was the sloop Fair- 
 field and Brig Dolphin. Since which arrived in the 
 harbour of Rio de Janeiro the ship Independence, bear- 
 ing the broad pendant of Commodore Nicholson. 
 
 The English merchant vessels arrive in numbers, say 
 nearly two hundred annually, from Liverpool, London, 
 and other ports of England, Ireland, Scotland, and the 
 Isles of Guernsey, Jersey, &c. This city and Province 
 is principally supplied from England with woollens, 
 cottons generally, hosiery, saddles, shoes, boots, and 
 most articles of cutlery, hardware, earthen and glass- 
 ware, pickles, and sauces, cheese, &c., &c. ; from Ire- 
 land — linens, butter, beef, poilc, potatoes, &c. ; from 
 Scotland — carpeting, conrse woollens, &,c. ; and from 
 the Isles of Guernsey and Jersey — abundance of pota- 
 toes, butter, &c., &,c. When discharged, many are la- 
 dened here with coffee for the United Kino-dom of Great 
 Britain. Some to the Mediterranean, and others in bal- 
 last to other ports of Brazil to take in cargo. 
 
 The English merchants, agents, factors, and brokers, 
 at Rio de Janeiro, compose a large and respectable 
 body. 
 
 There are an established line of British packets be- 
 tween Falmouth (I^ngland) and Rio de Janeiro, as well 
 as a line between Rio and the river of Plate ; these last 
 sail for Montevideo and Buenos Ayres forty-eight hours 
 after tlie arrival of the packet from Falmouth. This 
 
13 
 
 harbour is one of their (the Enghsh) foreign stations, 
 commanded by an Admiral of the Rear. The present 
 flag ship is the frigate Dublin, Rear Admiral, Sir F. S. 
 
 Hammond, Bart. ; Tate, Esq., Captain. The 
 
 French have a direct trade with Havre, Bordeaux, &c. ; 
 and supply this market with wines, brandies, oil, cheese, 
 pickles, preserved fruits, cordials, saddles, silk hosiery, 
 paper, ladies' shoes, some light cloths, jewellery, silk 
 fancy goods, &c. The French merchants here are few 
 and respectable. The French store-houses are nume- 
 rous , these last occupy the whole of a spacious central 
 street, Rua d'Ouirdor-d'Ouirdor, containing consider- 
 ble value in jewellery, silks, fancy goods, &c., &c. 
 Their return cargoes, in general, are choice coffee, and 
 cabinet furniture wood, &c. 
 
 Within the last five years the French trade has con- 
 siderably increased. France has here a naval station, 
 under the command of a Rear Admiral. 
 
 Danish, Swedish, Hamburgcse, Dutch, and Belgian 
 vessels frequent this harbour ; their cargoes consist ge- 
 nerally of the produce and manufacture of their own 
 countries, quantities of iron, cordage, spars, tar, &c. ; 
 household ready made furniture, piano fortes, and all 
 description of musical instruments, platillas, fine linens, 
 Holland gin, cheese, &c. &c. Their return cargoes are 
 in general in the articles of coffee, sugar, and choice 
 cabinet furniture woods, those in common return home ; 
 but many take freights for the United States and Europe. 
 
14 
 
 The Portuguese of late arrive from Portugal In num- 
 bers, and are the general suppliers in this market, of 
 O'Porlo and Lisbon wines, olive oil, linens of all kinds, 
 and most articles of provision for domestic consump- 
 tion; likewise Princera snuff, esteemed in preference to 
 every other. It commonly sells high, at the least two 
 dollars per pound ; and the quantity consumed is very 
 considerable. 
 
 The Sardinians this day carry on a brisk trade with 
 this place, principally from Genoa; their cargoes consist 
 generally of olive oil, light wines, olires, maccaroni, 
 preserved fruits, paper, velvet, lace, hats, silks, ladies* 
 shoes, &c. Their return cargoes are, in common, cof- 
 fee,, sugar, ox hides, &c. 
 
 Austrian vessels arrive at this port ; they are general- 
 ly on freight, and likewise sail freighted, either for the 
 United States, for Lisbon, or the Mediterranean. 
 
 Spanish vessels arrive here frequently of late, with 
 cargoes, the produce of their own country, consisting 
 of brandies, plain and anniseed ; wines, paper, raisins, 
 grapes, olives, silks, &,c, ; and most commonly proceed 
 to the river of Plate, thence to the Havana, with 
 jerked beef; at Havana they take in a cargo of sugar, 
 &c., and return home, where the coiK;ern of the voyage 
 is closed. 
 
 Some vessels under the Papal flag, Neapolitans and 
 Tuscans, arrive here ; the Neapolitans commonly are 
 3aden with the produce of Sicily, and silks, shoes, &c.. 
 
15 
 
 &c., from Naples, and return home with coffee, sugar, 
 ox hides, &c. 
 
 The Romans and Tuscans generally come with 
 freight, and take, returning home, the freights offering. 
 
 Vessels under the Argentine flag are constantly arriv- 
 ing from Montevideo with jerked beef, &c., and return 
 with sugar, rum, &.c. 
 
DECREE, PORT REGULATIONS. 
 
 The Regency, in the name of the Emperor, by virtue of 
 the authority whicli the hiw of the fifteenth of No- 
 vember of the present year confers on the Govern- 
 ment, to reform the Custom Houses of the Empire, 
 Decrees the following: 
 
 TITLE L 
 
 HEGULATIONS OF THE HARBOUR OF llIO DE JANEIRO. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 Stations appointed for Anchorage. 
 
 ARTICLE I. 
 
 There shall be three places of anchorage in the bar- 
 bour of Rio de Janeiro for Merchant Vessels — viz : — 
 One for such as enter in franquia, or are compelled to 
 enter through any maritime necessity or accident, an- 
 other for such as intend to discharge, reexport, or en- 
 ter goods on bond, and another for such vessels as are 
 
 loading. 
 
 ARTICLE II. 
 
 For such as enter in franquia, the anchorage appoint- 
 ed is within a line drawn from the Fort of Villagaignon 
 
17 
 
 lihlo Boaviagem, and another from the point of the 
 Military Arsenal unto Gravata, within which space the 
 vessels are to anchor, midway across, and in two or 
 more lines from North to South. 
 
 ARTICLE III. 
 
 Fof such Vessels as intend to discharge, reexport, or 
 bond, the anchorage appointed is within the space be- 
 tween the Island of Cobras and the Island of Enxadas 
 reckoning from the most eastern point of each, and a 
 direct line drawn from the Trapiches or Stores for wood 
 on the Island of Cobras unto the Southwest point of 
 the Iskind of Enxadas. The Vessels are to anchor 
 within these limits in lines Northwest to Southwest 
 having their studding sail and jib-boom unrigged and 
 drawn in, leaving free for navigation the space between 
 them and the Island of Cobras. 
 
 ARTICLE IV. 
 
 The anchorage appointed for Vessels receiving cargo, 
 13 the space from the Trapiche do Sal unto that of the 
 Saude, within which such vessels arc to anchor in one 
 or more lines Northwest and Southwest leaving suffi- 
 cient room between them and the city for coasting ves- 
 sels to pass and discharge the produce of the country 
 
 in the Trapiches which lay opposite this anchorage, 
 3 
 
18 
 
 and also the necessary space required for the building of 
 Vessels or for those undergoing repair. 
 
 AllTICLE V. 
 
 In the preceding regulations are not included Coast- 
 ers coming from the provincial ports or other parts of 
 the Empire, where there are no Custom Houses, as such 
 Vessels will continue to anchor in their usual anchoring 
 ground. 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 Guard or Watch for tlie Anchorage. 
 
 ARTICLE VI. 
 
 There shall be seven Vessels appointed as a Guard or 
 Watch for the nnchoraire, the unarmed Vessels of war to 
 have the preference — viz : For the anchorage appointed 
 for Vessels entering in franquia, two — three for that ap- 
 pointed for the place of discharge — and two for the an- 
 choring ground of Vessels receiving cargo — they arc to 
 anchor in such a situation as will be most appro])riatc 
 for the Guard or Watch of those Vessels at anchor in 
 their respective anchorages. 
 
iO 
 
 ARTICLE VII. 
 
 Besides the foregoing, there shall be one constantly 
 outside the bar of this port, to hinder smuggling on the 
 coast. 
 
 ARTICLE YIII. 
 
 The number of crew, or complement, the force, and 
 detail of ordinary service of such Vessels or boats 
 appointed for the Watch or Guard of the anchoring 
 grounds, will be fixed by the Judge of the Custom 
 House, subject to the approbation of the Minister of 
 Finance. 
 
 ARTICLE IX. 
 
 Such Vessels or boats will have their respective sig- 
 nals according to a plan to be given them by the Judge 
 of the Custom House, that they may mutually under- 
 stand and correspond with each other, and are also to 
 wear a distinguishing signal, that they may be recog- 
 nized and repected by the JNIerchant Vessels. 
 
 ARTICLE X. 
 
 Each Guard Vessel or boat, will be commanded by an 
 Officer under the orders of the Judge of the Custom 
 House. 
 
20 
 
 ARTICLE XI. • 
 
 One of the OfTiccrs of the Guard Vessels of each re- 
 spective anchorage ground, Avill be appointed by the 
 Judge of the Custom House as coraraandcr of such an- 
 choraGre m'ound and the commander of tlie otlier Guard 
 Vessels in company, as well as the Masters and Captains 
 of the Merchant Vessels there at anchor, shall obey him 
 in every thing necessary to^Yards the entire fulfilment of 
 these regulations. 
 
 ARTICLE XII. 
 
 The principal duty of the Commanders of the Guard 
 Vessels is to promote the exact observance of this de- 
 cree, and to hinder the least mislay or defrauding of the 
 Government duties. To obtain this important end they 
 are : 
 
 Section 1. To watch scrupulously ])y day and night, 
 patrolling the anchorage in the boats belonging to the 
 Guard Vessels, that no package be disembarked without 
 the Custom House permit : seizing such as are done so 
 without it, and arc not accompanied by a discharging 
 officer. 
 
 Section 2. Not to permit any communication with the 
 shore (except as in Articles 21, 22, and 28) from ves- 
 sels in franqula, either before or after being visited, nor 
 from those whicli arc In the place appointed for dis- 
 charge. 
 
21 
 
 Section 3. To take cnro that the Merchant Vessels 
 anchored in their respective destinations are kept Nvithin 
 the limits marked out in this Decree, ordeiing alongside, 
 questioning, and seizing, all barges, launches, or other 
 boats which pass such anchoring grounds and give 
 cause to suspicion and not to permit any empty boats 
 alongside of those employed in the discharge of the 
 
 Vessel. 
 
 Section 4. To offer every assistance which may be 
 required of them by the Officers of the Custom House 
 and Consulado, whose duties, as revenue Officers, con- 
 tinue as heretofore ; to consult together and preserve 
 the best understanding, performing their duties con- 
 jointly and in unison, appointing signals to recognize 
 each other during the night, and using every precaution 
 which they may judge proper. 
 
 Section 5. To acquaint the Judge of the Custom 
 House with every thing appertaining to the fiscalization 
 of the national interests, and the good order of the ser- 
 vice to which they belong, and fulfilling the orders 
 which the said Judge may give them. 
 
 Section G. To employ the force under their command 
 whenever necessary to realize the fulfilment of what is 
 determined on in these Regulations. 
 
 ARTICLE XIII. 
 
 Besides the watch kept by the Guard Vessels and 
 
oo 
 
 llieir boats, the Vessels in franqiiia sliall be watched by 
 the Fort of Villagaignon, and not only those but such 
 Vessels as are in tiic other anchoring places, shall be 
 watched by the national Vessels of War, which may 
 happen to be stationed near such anchoring places, 
 their boats being empowered to pursue and seize all 
 
 smufriijlers. 
 
 ARTICLE XIV. 
 
 All articles seized by the boats of the Guard Vessels, 
 and by those of the Vessels of War, and of the Fort, 
 shall be sent by the Commander of the respective an- 
 choring places to the Judge of the Custom House, with 
 a written declaration, naming the boat and the persons 
 who made the seizure, which as soon as judged to be 
 lawful, half of the same shall be distributed to the boat's 
 crew and half to the crew of the Vessel or Garrison of 
 the Fort to which they may belong. In case such 
 seizure is made through an informer, he is to receive 
 half, and the remainder to be divided as above. 
 
 AKTICLE XV. 
 
 The forcmcntioned Guard or Watch Vessels, shall 
 always during the iiight have two lanterns with a good 
 light hoisted to the mast, and the Merchant Vessels in 
 the anchorino- places shall have one in like manner 
 
23 
 
 hoisted to tlic mainmast. Tlic boats performing' patfol 
 may or may not hoist a hght. The Guard boats or any 
 other which proceed from the places of anchorage to 
 shore, or from shore to the })hices of anchorage, shall 
 hoist up high a lantern with a good light. Those who 
 disobey this article will be fined ten mil reis paid for the 
 jail. 
 
 ARTICLE XVI. 
 
 r When Vessels enter during the night, the Fort of 
 Santa Cruz will command them to hoist a light imme- 
 diately to the mainmast, which is to be kept up all 
 night. 
 
 CHAPTER IIIJ 
 
 Entering of the port. Anchoring in franquia, and visit of Merchant 
 
 Vessels. 
 
 ARTICLE XVII* 
 
 Such Merchant Vessels, as enter the port, shall im- 
 mediately direct their course to the anchoring ground 
 for Vessels in franquia, which will be pointed out to 
 them by the Fort of Santa Cruz, and shall there cast an- 
 
24 
 
 chor, let what may be the purpose of their enternig this 
 port; and only alter being visited by the Custom House 
 boat, shall they pass on to their respective place for an- 
 choring. The Master or Captain of such Vessels shall 
 deliver to the Commander of the franquia anchoring 
 ground the i\Ianifcst-Books of the Cargo and List of 
 Passengers, and the said Commander shall deliver the 
 same to the Custom House Officers who iro to visit the 
 
 O 
 
 Vessel. 
 
 AllTICLE XVIIl. 
 
 The Commander of the franquia anchoring ground 
 shall acquaint the Judge of the Custom House, at nine 
 in the morning, at niid-day, and at three in the evening, 
 as to what Vessels may have arrived; should the Cus- 
 tom House be shut, the information is to be sent to the 
 residence of the Judge, that he may immediately order 
 the necessary visit which shall be made on all days, 
 both working and holidays, between eight A. JNI. and 
 six P. I\I. 
 
 ARTICLE XIV. 
 
 The visits made to Vessels entering, shall be per- 
 formed as heretofore, and the Masters obliged to deliver 
 over to the Boarding OlHcers belonging to the Custom 
 House, all packages which arc not included in the !Ma- 
 
25 
 
 mle.t, aiul therefore easily smuggled, requiring from the 
 said Olliccrs a wriltcu declaration of the same ; and all 
 packages or parcels not in the Manifest, and ^vhich are 
 not delivered over, and afterwards arc found in the 
 search or revisit, shall be seized ; excepting only those 
 that contain the usual clothes belonging to passen- 
 gers. 
 
 ARTICLE XX. 
 
 Likewise all passengers are to deliver over to the 
 Boarding Officers their baggage, which they may, how- 
 ever, accompany unto the Custom House, ^vhere there 
 .vill be a store appropriated for receiving them and all 
 parcels, during such time as they may land after the 
 Custom House being closed. 
 
 ARTICLE XXI. 
 
 All communication with the shore is prohibited before 
 
 the Vessel receives the Custom House visit. Should, 
 
 however, the Captain or INIaster have urgent necessity 
 
 to come ashore, the Commander of the anchoring place 
 
 will grant hira permission pointing out to him the place 
 
 where he is to land, to which he is to direct his course, 
 
 and where Custom House guards will be stationed to 
 
 search the boat ^vhich conveys him, being likewise 
 
 searched on his returning aboard. 
 4 
 
2G 
 
 ARTICLE XXir. 
 
 Even after the Custom House visit, no person is per- 
 mitted to go on board ( excepting the crew ) during the 
 Vessel's being in franquia, without a written order from 
 the Judge of (he Custom House, and even these, as well 
 as the crew, are subject to be searched should there ansa 
 any suspicion of their smuggling. The transgressors 
 will be made prisoners and sent to the Judge of the 
 Custom House with a circumstantial account in writing, 
 from the Commander of the anchoring place, that thcy 
 may be prosecuted according to law. 
 
 ARTICLi: XXIIl. 
 
 To tiiose Vessels which enter in franquia, the Judge, 
 without a surticient reason, shall not grant a renewal of 
 the same, and then only for five days, and without the 
 permission of the said Judge Ihcy arc not to pass on to 
 any other anchoring place, which shall be granted only 
 in cases of necessity. However, such permission is not 
 subject to any fees, if they were not so heretofore. 
 
 ARTICLE XXIV. 
 
 If the Masters of Vessels declare that they purpose 
 discharging in this port, and that it appears from their 
 passport and despatches, it will be made known to tlicm 
 
27 
 
 by the Guarda mor (or Harbour Master) that they are 
 next day to pass on to their respective anchorage, 
 should the weather permit, and not doing so they will 
 be compelled to obey by the Commander of the anchor- 
 ing grouixd. From the time that they receive this order, 
 until its fulfilment, they are to keep hoisted a signal 
 that will be appointed for this purpose. In case, how- 
 ever, of any thing interfering or hindering their obeying 
 tliis order, tliey are to make a representation to the 
 Judjre of the Custom House, who will decide accord- 
 
 ARTICLE XXV. 
 
 The coasting Vessels, as soon as they enter the bar, 
 shall be ordered to direct their course, by the Fort of 
 Santa Cruz, to the registering Vessels of the franquia, 
 and unto the Commander of the same, they are to de- 
 liver the Manifest, Book of Cargo, and then pursue their 
 course to their anchoring ground. The said Manifest 
 or Book of Cargo will be by the said Commander, de- 
 livered to the Harbour Master at the next visit. 
 
28 
 
 CHAPTEB IT. 
 AKTICLE XITl. 
 
 The discharge of Vess€ds "seul t)c made according to 
 the laws and orders in force, •with this proxiso, ho-werer, 
 that no ffoods are unladen from the \ essels in dis- 
 charge, either for the Trapiches ( public warehoDses ) or 
 into boats or other Vessels, after the Custom House 
 Lours of despatch, but such shall rather finish at one 
 o'clock, P. M. The discharge at the Custom House 
 wharf win commence at eight A. M., and terminate at 
 one P. M., so that sufficient time may be left for storing 
 the goods and making the necessarjr entry of the Ar- 
 ticles so discharged with due precaution. 
 
 .^IiTirLE XXTTI. 
 
 Those Vessels which hare to receive goods in bond, or 
 iGi ret^>ortation, wiD change their situation from the 
 iranquia ai. " r:d, to that fo'^ " Is unload- 
 
 inof, and there remam until their departure from the 
 port. 
 
 ARTICLE xirni. 
 
 No person rd any 
 
 who does 
 
29 
 
 not belong to her, except furnished with a written order 
 from the Judge of the Custom House, Transgressors 
 shall be made prisoners and sent to the said Judge with 
 a written declaration from the Commander of the an- 
 choring place, to be prosecuted according to law. 
 
 ARTICLE XXIX. 
 
 As soon as any Vessel has completed her discharge 
 his stores must be collected into a proper place wdiich 
 will be estimated according to the Vessels burthen or 
 force, and the length of the voyage declared, so as to 
 facilitate the searching visit, and subsequent to the said 
 search, she will make ready to receive sufficient ballast 
 for her security, if she had not any in before, and then 
 shall pass on to her respective anchoring ground. 
 Should she, however, before being searched, require any 
 ballast, the Judge of the Custom House will grant the 
 license. 
 
 '1 \ 
 
 XLUOi 
 
30 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 Anchoring ^rouuds for Vessels receiving cargo. 
 
 ARTICLE XXX. 
 
 The Guard or Watch Vessels of this anchorage and 
 their barges, shall not permit any Vessels containing 
 goods subject to exportation duty, to lay alongside of the 
 Vessels in this anchoring ground, except they are fur- 
 nished with the desjiatch from the Consulado, which, 
 as soon as such goods are discharged, shall immedi- 
 ately be delivered by the Master thereof unto the Com- 
 mander of the anchoring ground, that he may forward 
 the same the next day to the Administrator of the Vari- 
 ous Revenues. 
 
 TITLE II. 
 
 General Remarks. 
 
 ARTICLE XXXI. 
 
 As .soon as the present Decree is put into full forco 
 the custom of placing Custom House guards, paid by 
 the National Treasury, on board the Merchant Vessels, 
 shall be abolished. 
 
31 
 
 ARTICLE XXXII. 
 
 All barges, boats, or other small Vessels which navi- 
 gate, or are employed in the Bay of this Cit)% are to 
 have the name by ^Yhich they are known written on the 
 most conspicuous part of the hull, and those belonging 
 to any Vessels arc to have the name of such Vessel 
 written in the like manner. Those who disobey this 
 order, on and from the fifteenth of next January-, shall 
 be fined six mil rcis, and double this amount for relaps- 
 ing into the same. 
 
 ARTICLE XXXIII. 
 
 All Merchant Vessels who do not observe the rc2:ula- 
 tions in this Decree respecting the anchorages shall, for 
 this reason solely, (although they may not have occa- 
 sioned any waste or loss of the revenue,) be fined one 
 hundred and twenty mil rcis by the Judge of the Cus- 
 tom House ; that is, in case no other fine is established 
 in this Decree. 
 
 ARTICLE XXXIV. 
 
 All fines imposed by the present decree belong to the 
 National Revenues, and shall be deposited in Custom 
 House coffers, for the purpose of forwarding the same 
 to the Treasury. 
 
32 
 
 ARTICLF. XXXV. 
 
 All expenses incurred by the Guard Vessels, and their 
 barges, and with the rigging, arming, and crew, which 
 would not arise out of their said employment, shall be 
 paid by the Custom House. 
 
 AHTICLK XXXVI. 
 
 These Regulations shall be translated into the French 
 and English languages, and a printed copy of the same 
 given to every Master or Captain of Merchant Vessels 
 entering the port. 
 
 ARTICLE XXXVII. 
 
 The Presidents of the Provinces, in Council as- 
 sembled, shall propose regulations for their respective 
 ports, putting in force the present as far as may be ap- 
 plicable to them. 
 
 ARTICLE XXXVin. 
 
 All orders to the contrary are hereby revoked. 
 
 Bernardo Pereira de Vasconcellos, 
 Of his Imperial Majesty Council, INIinister of Fi- 
 nance, and President of the National Treasury, 
 so understand it, and issue the necessary docu- 
 ments for its l)eing put in force. 
 
LATE REGULATIONS, 
 
 Or Guide for Merchants or Masters of Vessels, 
 with Destination for the Ports of the Empire 
 of Brazil, 
 
 ARTICLE CXLVI. 
 
 The master of any vessel sailing with a cargo for any 
 of the Brazilian ports, ought to bring two copies of his 
 manifest, exactly alike, which must contain : 
 
 Section 1. The name, description, and tonnage of the 
 vessel. 
 
 Section 2. The master's name, with the date at the 
 end, and his signature. 
 
 Section 3. The port where he took the cargo, stated 
 in the manifest. 
 
 Section 4. The port or ports said cargo is bound to. 
 
 Section 5. The marks, countermarks, number of pack- 
 ages, and their descriptions, such as bales, boxes, 
 chests, pipes, half pipes, barrels, tierces, &c. 
 
 Section G. A declaration of the quantity and quaHty 
 
 of the merchandise in each package as near as possil)lo, 
 
 or of several homogeneous packages with the same 
 
 mark, and of the goods stowed loose. 
 5 
 
34 
 
 Section 1. The names of the .•5lii])pers and consig- 
 nees, or whether tlicy are to order. 'Every thing must 
 be written in words at Icngtli, except the numbers of 
 the packages, and on entire sheets of paper not pieced 
 to one another. 
 
 ARTICLE CXLVII. 
 
 When a vessel has taken cargo at more than one port, 
 she ought to bring a manifest from each one of the ports 
 whereat she may have received shipment. 
 
 ARTICLE CXLVIII. 
 
 At the end of the manifests, the master shall state the 
 number of passengers, both cabin and steerage ones, 
 and make all other declarations he may deem requisite 
 for his safety and good faith, even acknowledging any 
 packages that may be short of, or over and above the 
 manifest, accounting for such deficiency or excess, un- 
 der the certainty, that nothing of what he may after- 
 wards allege shall release him from responsibility; nor 
 shall he stand exonerated by means of the vague decla- 
 rations, usually made of not being answerable for defi- 
 ciency or difference. 
 
 ARTICLE CXLIX. 
 
 At the time ol the visit, the master shall liand to the 
 G^iarda nmr a list of baggage belonging to the private 
 
35 
 
 use of eacli passenger, every list being signed by its 
 owner in order that by this list, the discharge may be 
 effected at the Custom House, and the delivery of what 
 be free of duty may be granted after the examination 
 made by the competent ofHcers, in virtue of an order 
 from the collector; said lists returning to the J\[csa 
 grande, (Collector's table,) to be examined and laid b}-. 
 If the baggage belong to colonists or emigrants coming 
 to settle in the country, the examination thereof shall be 
 made on board. 
 
 ARTICLE CL. 
 
 As soon as the master of any vessel bound for the 
 ports of the Brazilian Empire shall have completed his 
 shipment at the port or ports he is to sail from, and 
 made up the manifest in the manner directed by Article 
 146, he is to produce the copies of said manifest to the 
 Brazilian Consul residing at such port, or to his deputy, 
 that he may certify, should they contain the declarations 
 and formalities required by these regulations, numbering 
 and signing all their leaves, drawing a dash on the 
 blanks, that nothing else may be thereto added, and cer- 
 tifying at the end that such manifest is in due form, 
 ^vithout erasures, interlineations or corrections, or any- 
 thing that may create a doubt as to its clear purport ; 
 ^fter which he will deliver them to the master of the 
 vessel, one copy open, and the other put up in a letter 
 
3G 
 
 closed and sealed with the consular seal, and directed to 
 the Collector of the Custom House, fit the port where 
 such vessel is hound to. 
 
 ARTICLE CLI. 
 
 In those ports where there are no Brazilian consul, or 
 any person acting as such, the manifest shall be certified 
 and closed by two Brazilian merchants therein residing 
 and in default of them, by two merchants of the coun- 
 try; and the signatures both of the latter and of the 
 former, must be authenticated by the proper local au- 
 thority. 
 
 ARTICLE CLII. 
 
 If the manifest which the master has to produce cer- 
 tified by the Brazilian consul, or the person who has 
 acted as such, contain any defect or irregularity which 
 he ought to have prevented or caused to be corrected 
 before setting to it the certificate, he alone shall be re- 
 •iponsiblc for it, and not the. master of the vcssr.l. 
 
 AnriCLF. CMIT. 
 
 But if it be found out that the defect or irregularit) 
 was submitted ronsequenlly to the Consul's approval, 
 ♦ hr» f'liilt *hrill fall on the master; the same will be the 
 
37 
 
 i! tiii nmiiiBiS- siml imvt uttei r'.eTiiiittL h\ Brazil 
 mi or ioreun niSTJuauUi wli'jtiie: tiit liefotr; or rrrepiij*- 
 liw- iR ininvT XT imvi DTsceued jot iollowtitl the npprrt- 
 iwriroi. 
 
 IK Ji iiaP2>2i. tua: i. suij o: v^se. pirjceeuiiir viiti. l 
 dtatmairoi aiic maiinesi im arn hoe port of tkt im- 
 giiffi, iEOUtt K^ n imffiicn pnti 3 pnxt nf itei xarirr' niciutt- 
 «il jD iitt maniian. iiif anaster ie Id irrnxg froiii Uiai jicm 
 a ananiiiiBi jh xiujiiicau nf ttiie jciroik miiauen, accont- 
 jiamfiL -vdtii -titt saniE iuntt 3TTfificiibed m tite ioreiroini 
 JLrucis. Wii^n tfcE liisciiHtgE be-mauf: ai i liraziiioii 
 gniiL,and iiif^ Temairidfir nf tbe cargD bt xaraed onto 
 ■mintuffr JlXHsdiiaii jran, ihe Ciustom EEoust shall furnish 
 ttm maRxei ^witt sucti cennicateB, xes ^ili jiTove titt diB- 
 adsmi^st -ttif TtorttD 'whtch iie linsctf hs, couise. 
 
 li^fflSBin -it 'iHE ffi?c£rrtaiiieci tliai thi -^^^sel brniiirm » 
 ^irater ijiiaini*' of mcTciiandisi tiiai; -^ail arTpcaw: from 
 •fttf -mnniiefr.. and "ttif dficiaTatioL tiicretr audp.c h\ tiir 
 Ti,!:"vfr Ku;jL meTniuuidiHf af ma^- bfc found ovei and 
 hi.; i tliH3 quamrrr -aliah tit «cized and xiistrihuted 
 mtioTir liu rramoTfi. tne mastn- 7>ff>'ing tDiiif 5<ational 
 T:»asu-)^ b iint pqua. v> onr hah tte vhUic thnreof, und 
 "ttff nmmrrr Tw^'mc tnr w^ua. ttuiicR. 
 
38 
 
 ARTICLE CLVI. 
 
 If less quantity of goods be found than what is 
 shown by the manifest, and the declaration thereto 
 added by the master, the missing goods shall be deemed 
 as concealed or removed, and the master shall forfeit the 
 value thereof for the benefit of those who may discover 
 the deficiency, and half the value as a fine to the Na- 
 tional Treasury; and these condemnations will take 
 place by the mere fact of the discovery of an excess or 
 deficiency, although the concealment or removal of the 
 goods may not otherwise be proved. But the disposi- 
 tions of this and the other Article only apply to such 
 goods as can be counted in the act of their being re- 
 ceived on board, for with regard to those which come in 
 boxes, or in bales, the master is only answerable for the 
 excess and deficiencies of packages. On bulky goods 
 which are cleared by measure or weight, and which are 
 liable to waste or increase, as salt, jerk beef, &c., the 
 penalty of this and the preceding Article, shall not be 
 imposed, except on the differences of five per cent., 
 more or less than what is shown by the manifest. 
 
 ARTICLE CLVII. 
 
 For every dilTcrcnce in the quality of the package, or 
 in the mark, the m;»ster is to pay two mil rcis fine, al- 
 though in every thing else the discharge should agree 
 with the manifest. 
 
39 
 
 ARTICLE CLVIir. 
 
 A vessel departing in ballast from a foreign port, 
 bound to some one of ilie Brazilian ports, shall bring a 
 certificate so to prove it, drawn up in the same form, 
 and with the like authenticity as the manifests ; and if 
 the departure be from a Brazilian port, she must bring a 
 certificate from the Custom House, under the penalty of 
 paying in either case a fine of from one hundred to five 
 hundred mil reis. 
 
 ARTICLE CLIX. 
 
 Any master of vessel who shall fail to bring the mani- 
 fest and certificates in the manner specified in this chap- 
 ter, or who shall bring open, the copy of the manifest 
 received by him closed up, shall pay a fine of from one 
 hundred to one thousand mil reis, at the judgment of 
 the collector, according to the quality of the misde- 
 meanor, and regard being had to the amount of the 
 cargo ; and only after the payment of the forfeiture shall 
 he be admitted to effect the unloading. In case of 
 bringing a single copy of the manifest, he shall forfeit 
 fifty mil reis. Vessels coming from fishing voyages, arc 
 excepted with regard to the produce thereof, as they are 
 not obliged to bring a manifest. 
 
40 
 
 ARTICLK CLX. 
 
 Should the master come without a manifest, tlie vessel 
 Kliall be admitted to unload, by paying a fine of four mil 
 reis for every ton of her admeasurement. 
 
 ARTICLE CLXI. 
 
 The vessel remains mortgaged to the payment of the 
 fines imposed on the master by these regulations, and 
 shall not be released to leave the port, without the fine 
 or fines being first paid, or the necessary sum deposited 
 for the purpose. 
 
 Vessels sailing from the aforesaid ports one month 
 after such publication, shall remain subject to the herein 
 above mentioned dispositions. 
 
 Those Consuls and Vice-Consuls who shall fail to 
 comply with the ii)junctions contained in the present 
 chapters, shall be liable, for the iirst time, to a fine of 
 from one hundred to five hundred mil rcis, to be im- 
 posed upon them by the Treasury court, (Tribunal do 
 Thesouro,) and in case of relapsing, they shall be dis- 
 missed from oflUce. 
 
OBLIGATORY 
 
 On Masters of Vessels, ichen in the Harbour of 
 Rio De Janeiro, 
 
 ARTICLE LXXXIir. 
 
 The Captains of every Merchant Vessel on his arrival 
 nt any Port of this Empire where there is a Custom 
 House, in addition to the local regulations of the Port, 
 is obliged : 
 
 I. To proceed with his Vessel direct from the Bar to 
 the anchoring ground in Franquia. If on account of 
 the tide, contrary winds, or any other justifiable cause, 
 he be obliged to anchor before he has reached the 
 destined anchorage, and should remain at anchor twelve 
 hours after such causes have ceased, (except in the case 
 of quarantine) he will be subject to the fine of one hun- 
 dred mil reis ; and will be obliged, by the Fort, or 
 nearest National Vessel of War, to proceed to his an- 
 chorage in Franquia. 
 
 II. He must not allow any boat to make fast alono-- 
 side, or permit any person to come on board, or to leave 
 his vessel, before he has been visited by the Custom 
 House boat, unless it be the Health visit, Pilot, or Hnr- 
 
42 
 
 bour Master, except in case of sLipwreck or personal 
 danger. And for every boat so making fast, he shall be 
 subject to a penalty of one hundred mil rcis ; and for 
 every person boarding, or leaving, his Vessel, he shall 
 be subject to a penalty of fifty mil reis, and the person 
 so offending, shall likewise pay fifty mil reis, and be 
 detained in custody until the same is paid. 
 
 III. He shall not pcrmit_, even after having received 
 his Custom House visit, until he shall have received his 
 visit of discharge, any person to go on board his vessel 
 without leave of the Inspector, except his crew and pas- 
 sengers, or pay a fine of fifty rail reis for each person so 
 offending. 
 
 IV .He shall present to the Guarda mor, on re- 
 ceiving the visit of entry, his clearance and cargo 
 book. 
 
 V. He shall deliver to the Commander of the Guard 
 boat, outside the port, or of the Franquia boat, should 
 tliere be one, the Manifest, as treated of in Article 
 eighty-four. 
 
 VI. He shall make entry at the Custom House twen- 
 ty-four hours after receiving the Guarda mor's visit, 
 (not counting the days on Avhich the Custom House is 
 closed,) and present himself to the Inspector, and make 
 oath, or affirm', (if his creed will not permit him to 
 make oath,) that he does not bring aay other Mercl an- 
 dize, nor has any other declaration to make, beyond 
 what is stated on his Manifest, which he then delivers. 
 
43 
 
 And if he does not enter within twenty-four hours, he 
 subjects himself to the penalty of one hundred mil reis 
 for each day's delay. 
 
 VII. He shall not delay his Vessel in any of the an- 
 chorage twenty-four hours after being notified to remove 
 by the Guarda raor, or his representative. Or shall 
 pay the penalty of one hundred mil reis for each day's 
 delay. 
 
 VIII. He shall see that no Merchandise is dis- 
 charged from on board his Vessel without a written 
 order from the Inspector of the Custom House, and 
 in case of so doing, shall pay one hundred mil reis for 
 each package so discharged. 
 
 IX. He shall inform the Clerk of Entry and Dis- 
 charge, immediately upon all his cargo being deliver- 
 ed, in order that his Vessel may receive the customary 
 visit. Or, upon neglecting so to do, shall be subject to 
 the penalty of one hundred mil reis. 
 
 ARTICLE LXXXIV. 
 
 The Commander of every Vessel bound for a port in 
 the Brazils, shall bring two copies of his INIanifest, 
 stating name of Vessel, Class, — Tonnage, — Nation, — 
 \vhcre belonging, — Name and Signature of the Cap- 
 tain, — Port at which the cargo was laden, — Port or 
 ports of this Empire bound, — Consignee of Vessel, — 
 humber of Packages, — Marks, counter Marks, and 
 
44 
 
 numbers of each Package. The quantity of Merchan- 
 dise in bulk, — by whom consigned, — List of Provisions 
 on board for the use of the Vessel, The whole to be 
 written in words, at full length, except the Marks and 
 Numbers of the packages. 
 
 ARTICLE LXXXV, 
 
 This Manifest to be accompanied by the Invoices, 
 which, besides the declarations required in the Manifest, 
 must contain the most exact description possible of the 
 denomination, qualities, quantities, and weight, of the 
 Merchandize, if of weight ; or if in bulk, or in packa- 
 ges, or vessels, the description of the same, and their 
 contents, all to be written in words, at full length, ex- 
 cept the Marks and Numbers. 
 
 ARTICLE LXXXVI. 
 
 When a Vessel has received cargo in more than one 
 port, the Commander shall bring a Manifest from each 
 port. 
 
 ARTICLE LXXXVII. 
 
 At the end of the INIanifest the Commander shall de- 
 clare the number of cabin and steerage passengers, and 
 the baggage for the particular use of each. And, be- 
 
45 
 
 sides this, to make all other declarations he may judge 
 necessary for his security and good faith ; at the same 
 time declaring such packages as may decrease or in- 
 crease on the IManifcst. justifying the cause of diminu- 
 tion or excess, under the certainty that nothing he may 
 afterwards allege, will release him from his responsi- 
 bility. 
 
 AKTICLE LXXXVIII. 
 
 The Commander of every Vessel bound to this Em- 
 pire, immediately on completing his cargo in the port or 
 ports whence ho sails, and making his Manifests in the 
 mode prescribed in Article eighty-four, is to present the 
 copies of the same to the Brazilian Vice Consul, resi- 
 dent at such port, or his agent, to be authenticated in 
 case of their containing the declarations and formalities 
 required by these regulations. 
 
 ARTICLE LXXXIX. 
 
 In the ports where there are no Brazilian Consuls, or 
 their agents, the Manifests to be authenticated by two 
 Brazilian Merchants, there resident, or in case of none 
 residing there, then by two merchants of the country } 
 their signatures, in both cases, to be recognized by the 
 duly authorized local authorities, and, by their consent, 
 make such repairs, and take such supplies, as required, 
 paying the usual imposts and duties. 
 
4G 
 
 ARTICLE CLXXiVIII. 
 
 When necessary to repair, a Vessel may discharge 
 the whole or part of her cargo at a port where there is 
 no Custom House, under the permission and direction 
 of the local authorities, and the observance of the same 
 forms as where there is a Custom House ; but cannot 
 dispose of any part of her cargo. 
 
ENTERING, DISCHARGING, LOADING, 
 AND CLEARING. 
 
 ENTERING THE PORT OF RIO DE JANEIRO. 
 
 Vessels can enter any time of the day or night. 
 When a Vessel comes in at night, the Forts fire and 
 exhibit lights, after which they hail the Vessel — you 
 must then give the Vessel's name, and where she comes 
 from, &c. — every foreign Vessel must anchor off Fort 
 Villagaignon until visited — if not they are fired into, 
 and subject to a fine. The Custom House and Health 
 boats visit you, and after that the Captain goes on 
 shore, delivers his papers to the United States Consul, 
 and then proceeds to the Custom House to enter his 
 Vessel, either in full or franquia. When he receives 
 his visits from the Authorities he must always be aboard. 
 
 ENTERING A VESSEL. 
 
 There are two ways of rntering a Vessel — in franquia, 
 or in full. A full entrance once made if the Vessel 
 wishes to go her voyage the transit duty two per cent, 
 is exacted. A franquia entry is the discharge of part 
 
48 
 
 of the Cargo, and to go elsewhere — paying duty only 
 for those articles discharged. Goods may be entered 
 for consumption or for exportation in the last case it 
 must remain in the Custom House until reshipped. In 
 every case a Manifest of the Cargo is asked for by the 
 Custom House, after which the Vessel enters — she pro- 
 ceeds up to the upper harbour, the East side of the Is- 
 land of Cobras — if in franquia she remains down below 
 Villagaignon. If a Vessel enters in franquia it must be 
 for a certain number of days, which time may be renew- 
 ed at a trilling expense whenever required. Whenever 
 a Vessel clearing for Brazil mentions only one port in 
 her clearance, she is compelled to enter in full and pay 
 full duties on all her Cargo — thus losing the benefit of 
 franquia. 
 
 The Certificate of the Brazilian Vice Consul must al- 
 ways attend the Clearance, S^c. Foreign Vessels can- 
 not Coast, though they are allowed to take country pro- 
 duce from one port to another — and foreign produce if 
 all the duties are paitl on it — where these same goods are 
 subject to the same duties in a second port, but they arc 
 free from paying a second duty if shipped on board a 
 Brazilian Vessel, accompanied by a Custom House Cer- 
 tificate called "Carta de Guia." Foreign Vessels dis- 
 charging any part of their cargo in one poit and pro- 
 ceeding to another must take the Custom House Cer- 
 tificate on their Manifest, as to the quantity they have 
 discharged. 
 
49 
 
 DISCHARGING CARGO. 
 
 But three Vessels arc permitted to discharge at the 
 Custom House pier at a time. Lighters come off and 
 take Cargo from Vessels laying at their moorings — 
 these lighters carry from three to four hundred barrels — 
 their cost is trifling. Whenever a Vessel has to dis- 
 charge, a permit must be obtained from the Custom 
 House attended with an Officer of the Custom, whose 
 duty it is to superintend the discharge, see it to the 
 Custom House, and make out the proper despatch after 
 the duties are paid. Dry goods are always opened at 
 the Custom House to ascertain their quantity and quali- 
 ty. When a Vessel has discharged all her Cargo she is 
 visited by a Custom House Officer — who examines her, 
 after which, if he finds all her Cargo out, the Vessel is 
 exempt from further restraint of the Custom House. 
 
 If a Vessel in franquia discharge all her Cargo she is 
 considered as having entered in full. 
 
 RECEIVING CARGO. 
 
 Any Vessel after having discharged all her Cargo, is 
 at liberty to take in Cargo without the attendance of 
 any Custom House Officer. Any Vessel in franquia, 
 having returned Cargo, is at liberty to take in Cargo 
 without making any discharge. Export duties arc al- 
 
50 
 
 ways secured before goods are shipped. When the 
 lighters have Cargo to deliver it is at the risk of the 
 Vessel, and the CustDra House despatch must always 
 accompany the mercliandise to prevent seizure. 
 
 CLEARANCE FROM PORT. 
 
 The day before sailing the Captain must obtain from 
 the United States Consulate the necessary papers to 
 clear his Vessel from the Cus'.om House, these papers 
 are then taken to the respective departments, and when 
 cleared the Vessel is then freed from the Custom House, 
 and is at liberty to sail. No Captain is allowed to tak(* 
 passengers without legal passports, and if such persons 
 are found on board, the Vessel is detained and fined. 
 
 PROFORJIA. 
 Sales ^f fifty Barrels of Flour. 
 
 .M I F. 
 
 ni;is 
 
 KF.IS. 
 
 50 barrels /loin n 10-000 
 3 months 500 000 
 
51 
 
 Charges. 
 
 Duty on Valuation 9-600 at 15 per cent. 
 
 Expediente 1^ per cent, on Valuation 
 
 Cooperage 
 
 Discount on 500-000 3 mos. at 1 per cent. 
 
 Guarantee on 500-000 at 2i do. 
 
 Commission 5 per cent. 
 
 PROFORMA, 
 
 72 
 
 000 
 
 7 
 
 200 
 
 
 500 
 
 15 
 
 000 
 
 12 
 
 500 
 
 25 
 
 000 
 
 132 
 
 200 
 
 367 
 
 800 
 
 Purchase of fifty Bags of Coffee. 
 
 50 Bags first quality Coffee ^Yeig•hing 250 
 
 arroljas at 3-900 975 000 
 
 Charges. 
 
 Decirao duty on 250 arrobas sold at 3-900 
 
 per arroba, at 9 per cent. 87 750 
 
52 
 
 Consulado 80r per arroba - 20 000 
 
 Bags 600r each 30 000 
 
 Porterage and embarking SOr per bag 4 000 
 
 Commission 2 -J per cent. 
 
 141 
 
 750 
 
 1116 
 
 750 
 
 27 
 
 918i 
 
 1144 
 
 668 
 
FOREIGN IMPORTATIONS 
 
 From January to September, 1836, at Rio De 
 
 Janeiro. 
 
 JANUARY. 
 
 Great Britain and Possessions. 
 
 
 
 MI^ REI9, 
 
 
 
 REIS. 
 
 Liverpool 
 
 823,293 977 
 
 
 London 
 
 82,419 042 
 
 
 Jersey 
 
 27,587 182 
 
 
 Glasgow 
 
 25,401 514 
 
 
 Gibraltar 
 
 22,175 463 
 
 
 Gaspee 
 
 11,338 800 
 
 
 Newcastle 
 
 6,838 355 
 
 
 Cape of Good Hope 
 
 3,486 172 
 
 
 Dundee 
 
 3,224 400 
 
 
 Guernsey 
 
 142 500 
 
 
 New Zealand 
 
 17 000 
 
 
 Falmouth 
 
 17 903 
 
 1,005,882 308 
 
54 
 
 France. 
 
 I 
 
 Havre 
 
 145,611 
 
 047 
 
 
 Cette 
 
 97,784 
 
 094 
 
 
 Bordeaux 
 
 29,625 
 
 148 
 
 
 Nantes 
 
 4,382 
 
 728 
 
 277,403 017 
 
 
 United States. 
 
 Richmond 
 
 82,239 
 
 000 
 
 
 New York 
 
 27,012 
 
 650 
 
 
 Baltimore 
 
 25,729 
 
 600 
 
 
 Boston 
 
 20,912 
 
 968 
 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 14,537 
 
 505 
 
 
 Portsmouth 
 
 11,613 
 
 980 
 
 
 Norfolk 
 
 9,388 
 
 012 
 
 
 Whaling 
 
 9,171 
 
 820 
 
 
 Charleston 
 
 4,460 
 
 720 
 
 
 Eastport 
 
 45G 
 
 900 
 
 205,523 155 
 
 
 Ha7iscatic Towns. 
 
 Hamburg 
 
 81,651 
 
 633 
 
 
 Bremen 
 
 36,634 
 
 950 
 
 118,286 58? 
 
55 
 
 Portugal and its Possessions. 
 
 Lisbon 
 
 Oporto 
 
 Angola 
 
 Macdo 
 
 Isle of May 
 
 Isle of St. Michael 
 
 Island of Terceira 
 
 Mozambique 
 
 Benguela 
 
 Antwerp 
 
 Montevideo 
 
 44,-246 674 
 
 37,662 403 
 
 11,168 530 
 
 2,160 000 
 
 790 000 
 
 648 000 
 
 288 000 
 
 146 957 
 
 80 000 
 
 Belgium. 
 
 91,738 168 
 
 97,190 564 
 
 91,738 168 
 
 Oriental State of Uruguay. 
 
 57,122 800 
 
 Sweden. 
 
 57,122 800 
 
 Stockholm 
 
 Gottenbur^; 
 
 Sundswall 
 
 27,461 116 
 
 13,827 345 
 
 2,525 600 
 
 43,814 O'Jl 
 
5G 
 
 S^jain and her Possessions. 
 
 Malaga 
 
 Lan9arotc 
 
 Cadiz 
 
 Tarragona 
 
 Barcelona 
 
 12,600 372 
 
 9,206 260 
 
 5,520 467 
 
 620 000 
 
 495 000 
 
 27,412 099 
 
 Tuscany. 
 
 Leghorn 
 
 22,188 218 
 
 22,188 218 
 
 Sardinia. 
 
 Genoa 
 
 19,498 745 
 
 19,498 745 
 
 Holland. 
 
 Amsterdam 
 
 19,072 660 
 
 19,072 660 
 
 Chili. 
 
 V;ili)ar.iiso 
 
 13,219 275 
 
 13,219 275 
 
St. Petersburg 
 
 Riga 
 
 Buenos Ayres 
 
 57 
 
 Russia. 
 
 10,233 GOO 
 753 600 
 
 Argentine Republic. 
 
 8,858 860 
 
 Island of Sicily 
 
 Sicili/. 
 
 3,645 666 
 
 10,987 200 
 
 8,858 860 
 
 3,645 G66 
 
 Coasting, &c. 
 
 2,206 610 
 
 Total 
 
 2,024,080 019 
 
 FEBRUARY. 
 
 Great Britain and Possessions, 
 
 Liverpool 
 
 $17,714 950 
 
 London 
 
 97,306 540 
 
 Jersey 
 
 16,714 955 
 
 8 
 
58 
 
 Gibraltar 
 
 Glasgow 
 
 Newcastle 
 
 Cape of Good Hope 
 
 Falmouth 
 
 Portsmouth 
 
 Gaspee 
 
 11,607 113 
 
 7,G89 932 
 
 4,714 955 
 
 393 440 
 
 280 913 
 
 135 400 
 
 72 600 
 
 057,630 79S 
 
 France. 
 
 Havre 
 
 180,228 155 
 
 
 
 Cette 
 
 60,857 761 
 
 
 
 Bordeaux 
 
 21,004 959 
 
 
 
 Nantes 
 
 8,564 400 
 
 
 
 Marseilles 
 
 4,289 290 
 
 
 
 
 
 274,944 
 
 565 
 
 Portugal and Possessions. 
 
 Lisbon 
 
 Oporto 
 
 Loanda 
 
 Maciio 
 
 Island of Terceira 
 
 Fayal 
 
 Island of St. Michael 
 
 47,978 523 
 
 46,742 702 
 
 25,630 753 
 
 1,050 522 
 
 984 270 
 
 142 640 
 
 9 600 
 
 122,539 010 
 
Hamburg 
 Bremen 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston 
 
 Baltimore 
 
 Richmond 
 
 New York 
 
 Whaling 
 
 Norfolk 
 
 Genoa 
 
 59 
 
 Hanscatic Towns. 
 
 100,209 535 
 2,814 200 
 
 United Slates, 
 
 45,075 087 
 
 21,016 880 
 
 12,716 780 
 
 5,769 000 
 
 5,298 526 
 
 3,661 770 
 
 434 530 
 
 Sardinia. 
 
 47,603 480 
 
 103,023 735 
 
 94,572 572 
 
 47,603 480 
 
 Montevideo 
 
 Oriental State of Uruguay. 
 42,072 200 
 
 42,073 260 
 
 Barcelona 
 
 Spain. 
 3,774 960 
 
GO 
 
 Cadiz 1,200 000 
 
 Malaga 1,171 200 
 
 Lancarote 522 661 
 
 o 
 
 Argentine Republic. 
 Buenos Avrcs 16,563 300 
 
 Sicily. 
 12,414 373 
 
 Sweden. 
 
 Gottenburg 6,361 635 
 
 Stockholm 4,80S 560 
 
 Belslu^n. 
 
 o 
 
 Antwerp 10,449 151 
 
 Ttisrtnnj. 
 Locrharn 7,125 863 
 
 6,668 827 
 
 16,563 300 
 
 12,414 373 
 
 11,170 1<J5 
 
 10,410 151 
 
 7,125 863 
 
Gl 
 
 Aasiria. 
 
 Tiieste 
 
 6,517 178 
 
 G,517 178 
 
 Holland. 
 
 Amsterdam 
 
 2,151 278 
 
 2,151 278 
 
 Coasting, &c. 
 
 3,353 040 
 
 Total 
 
 1,718,799 62G 
 
 MARCH. 
 
 Great Britain and Possessions. 
 
 Liverpool 
 
 London 
 
 Glasgow 
 
 Guernsey 
 
 Newcastle 
 
 Jersey 
 
 Greenock 
 
 Falmouth 
 
 New Holland 
 
 1,034,807 854 
 
 121,833 508 
 
 66,000 025 
 
 22,681 006 
 
 11,459 299 
 
 9,638 370 
 
 4,893 640 
 
 937 150 
 
 50 000 
 
 1 ,272,300 752 
 

 02 
 
 
 
 
 France. 
 
 
 
 Havre 
 
 253,798 438 
 
 
 
 Cette 
 
 29,471 099 
 
 
 
 Bordeaux 
 
 8,185 720 
 
 
 
 Nantes 
 
 3,266 800 
 
 
 
 INIarseillcs 
 
 23 5 040 
 
 
 
 
 
 294,937 
 
 097 
 
 IlamLurg 
 Bremen 
 
 Ilanseaiic Toivns. 
 
 145,478 198 
 11,708 092 
 
 157,246 290 
 
 Portugal and Possessions. 
 
 Lisbon 
 
 
 101,050 
 
 960 
 
 
 
 Oporto 
 
 
 38,888 
 
 960 
 
 
 
 Benguela 
 
 
 9,519 
 
 750 
 
 
 
 Madeira 
 
 
 402 
 
 000 
 
 
 
 Fayal 
 
 
 356 
 
 416 
 
 
 
 Ambriz 
 
 
 288 
 
 000 
 
 
 
 Loanda 
 
 
 124 
 
 800 
 
 
 
 Mozambique 
 
 
 98 
 
 000 
 
 
 
 Mac^o 
 
 
 11 
 
 200 
 
 150,746 
 
 00-^ 
 
 
 United SfaU 
 
 'S. 
 
 V/«-' w 
 
 Baltimore 
 
 
 31,030 
 
 402 
 
 
 
G3 
 
 Richmond 
 
 New York 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Boston 
 
 Norfolk 
 
 Whaling 
 
 New Orleans 
 
 2G.147 200 
 
 2-1,643 780 
 
 11,844 240 
 
 -9,270 5C0 
 
 7,680 COO 
 
 1,075 200 
 
 920 000 
 
 11-2.G20 382 
 
 Spai?i and Possessions. 
 
 Malaga 
 
 36,825 6u0 
 
 
 
 Cadiz 
 
 5,604 600 
 
 
 
 Tarragona 
 
 3,856 406 
 
 
 
 Iviga 
 
 2,390 520 
 
 
 
 
 
 48,677 
 
 186 
 
 Sicily. 
 
 Riporto 
 Other ports 
 
 17,998 238 
 15,019 480 
 
 33,017 718 
 
 Holland. 
 
 Amsterdam 
 
 32,951 748 
 
 32,951 718 
 
64 
 
 Oriental State of Uruguay. 
 
 Montevideo 31,170 000 
 
 31,170 000 
 
 ■■)' 
 
 Argentine Republic. 
 IJucnes A vies . ■ 25,157 390 
 
 25,157 390 
 
 Sardinia. 
 Genoa 23,719 190 
 
 23,719 190 
 
 Bels-ium. 
 
 "o 
 
 Antwerp 19,427 .1-20 
 
 19,427 420 
 
 Austria. 
 
 Trieste 19,391 498 
 
 19,391 498 
 
 Rusnia. 
 
 St. Petersburg 7,584 000 
 
 • 7,584 000 
 
Valparaiso 
 
 Stockholm 
 Coasting, &c. 
 
 G5 
 
 Chili. 
 1,G17 920 
 
 Sweden. 
 
 14 400 
 
 1,617 920 
 
 Total 
 
 14 400 
 
 3,288 860 
 
 2,233,867 938 
 
 APRIL. 
 
 Great Britain and Possessions. 
 
 Liverpool 
 
 London 
 
 Glasjjow 
 
 Jersey 
 
 Cape of Good Hope 
 
 Newcastle 
 
 Guernsey 
 
 Havre 
 Cette 
 
 1,075,574 851 
 
 122,490 775 
 
 68,305 987 
 
 14,893 739 
 
 2,692 400 
 
 903 173 
 
 779 333 
 
 1,285,700 258 
 
 France. 
 
 220,302 135 
 21,546 172 
 
Nantes 
 Bordeaux 
 
 (36 
 
 9,761 810 
 3,604 094 
 
 255/215 211 
 
 Portugal and Possessions. 
 
 Lisbon 
 
 97,915 540 
 
 
 
 Oporto 
 
 68,533 320 
 
 
 
 Benguela 
 
 34,340 033 
 
 
 
 Angola 
 
 13,071 200 
 
 
 
 Madeira 
 
 2,327 867 
 
 
 
 Setubal 
 
 1,200 000 
 
 
 
 Fayal 
 
 95 600 
 
 
 
 Macdo 
 
 60 000 
 
 
 
 
 
 •^17 551 
 
 560 
 
 
 United States. 
 
 •^ X 1 *\-/ K^ ^ 
 
 
 New York 
 
 41,166 750 
 
 
 
 Baltimore 
 
 13,573 276 
 
 
 
 Richmond 
 
 11,576 000 
 
 
 
 Boston 
 
 2,460 000 
 
 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 1,440 000 
 
 
 
 
 
 70 216 
 
 030 
 
 
 Hanseatic Towns. 
 
 f V « ^» A >^ 
 
 
 Hamburg 
 
 57,233 136 
 
 
 
 Bremen 
 
 7,760 243 
 
 
 
 
 
 64,993 
 
 379 
 
\ 
 
 Malaga 
 Tarragona 
 Cadiz 
 Ivita 
 
 67 
 
 
 Spam. 
 
 
 27,565 859 
 23,603 493 
 
 IJl 
 
 995 000 
 
 
 150 000 
 
 
 
 52,314 352 
 
 > lA 
 
 Sicily. 
 
 Messina 
 Riporto 
 Ports not designated 
 
 20,584 283 
 
 14,795 500 
 
 2,045 315 
 
 37,425 098 
 
 Belgium. 
 
 Antwerp 
 
 37,390 463 
 
 37,390 463 
 
 Argentine Republic. 
 
 Buenos Ayres 
 
 20,017 380 
 
 20,017 380 
 
 Montevideo 
 
 Oriental State of Uruguay. 
 
 18,721 340 
 
 18,721 340 
 
Genoa 
 
 Amsterdam 
 
 Leghorn 
 
 68 
 
 Sardinia. 
 16,358 460 
 
 Holland. 
 10,208 704 
 
 Tuscany. 
 
 1,114 600 
 
 16,358 460 
 
 10,208 704 
 
 1,114 600 
 
 Coasting, &c. 
 
 3,139 350 
 
 Total 
 
 2,090,066 191 
 
 MAY. 
 
 G7'eat Britain and Possessions. 
 
 Liverpool 
 
 927,616 SOO 
 
 London 
 
 43,783 469 
 
 Glasgow 
 
 22,311 420 
 
 Jersey 
 
 18,181 960 
 
Gibraltar 
 
 Falmouth 
 
 Newcastle 
 
 Cape of Good Hope 
 
 New York 
 
 Richmond 
 Baltimore 
 
 Boston 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 Norfolk 
 
 Calais 
 
 Portsmouth 
 
 69 
 
 9,146 186 
 
 425 395 
 
 249 200 
 
 16 000 
 
 United States. 
 
 1,021,730 430 
 
 66.078 740 
 
 29,673 600 
 
 25.079 900 
 
 20,059 000 
 12,884 620 
 
 "4,252 800 
 911 000 
 333 780 
 
 France. 
 
 159,273 440 
 
 Havre 
 
 
 94,621 500 
 
 
 Cette 
 
 
 14,691 079 
 
 
 Marseilles 
 
 
 14,421 051 
 
 ".'^ 
 
 Nantes 
 
 
 9,684 800 
 
 
 Bordeaux 
 
 
 3,595 947 
 
 1P7 r\i4 
 
 377 
 
 
 lo /,U14 
 
 
 Portugal 
 
 and Possessions, 
 
 I" 
 
 Lisbon 
 
 
 92,402 922 
 
 
70 
 
 Oporto 
 
 7,000 118 
 
 
 Boa Vista 
 
 5,160 000 
 
 
 Bombay 
 
 3,400 000 
 
 
 Angola 
 
 1,818 700 
 
 
 Setubal 
 
 1,753 500 
 
 
 Benguela 
 
 576 000 
 
 
 Madeira 
 
 200 000 
 
 112,311 240 
 
 Oriental State of Uruguay. 
 
 Montevideo 
 
 61,076 662 
 
 61,076 662 
 
 
 
 
 Hanseatic Towns. 
 
 
 Hamburg 
 
 46,685 555 
 
 
 Bremen 
 
 1,659 277 
 
 48,344 832 
 
 Spain and Possessions. 
 
 Tarragona 
 
 16,774 026 
 
 
 Rozas 
 
 2,615 620 
 
 
 Barcelona 
 
 671 627 
 
 
 Cadiz 
 
 219 080 
 
 
 Malaga 
 
 132 800 
 
 20,413 153 
 
71 
 
 Sardinia. 
 
 Genoa 17,989 323 
 
 17,989 323 
 
 Sicily* 
 
 Riporto 6,288 659 
 
 Messina 5,653 586 
 
 Ports not designated 2,618 660 
 
 14,560 905 
 
 Belgium. 
 
 Antwerp 6,357 320 
 
 6,357 320 
 
 Argentine Republic. 
 Buenos Ayres 6,007 160 
 
 6,007 160 
 
 Holland. 
 Amsterdam 5,698 790 
 
 5,698 790 
 
 Sweden. 
 Sundswall 4,500 000 
 
 4,500 OOO 
 
72 
 
 Trieste 
 
 Leghorn 
 Coasting, &c. 
 
 Austria. 
 
 4,117 549 
 
 Tuscany. 
 
 202 400 
 
 4,117 549 
 
 202 400 
 2,333 160 
 
 Total 
 
 1,621,930 741 
 
 JUNE. 
 
 Liverpool 
 
 London 
 
 Glasgow 
 
 Halifax 
 
 Falmouth 
 
 Gibraltar 
 
 Newcastle 
 
 Calcutta 
 
 Cape of Good rio])e 
 
 Jersey 
 
 Great Britain and Possessions. 
 
 879,778 155 
 
 148,783 702 
 
 7,523 187 
 
 3,576 000 
 
 2,578 533 
 
 649 122 
 
 503 172 
 
 377 000 
 
 273 000 
 
 143 200 
 
 1,011,185 701 
 
73 
 
 France. 
 
 Havre 
 
 300,480 325 
 
 
 Cette 
 
 35,584 318 
 
 
 INIarseilles 
 
 10,398 578 
 
 
 Nantes 
 
 4,144 000 
 
 
 Bordeaux 
 
 150 000 
 
 350,757 221 
 
 
 
 
 XJ)iitcd States. 
 
 
 Baltimore 
 
 67,014 003 
 
 
 Richmond 
 
 45,767 400 
 
 
 New York 
 
 41,825 998 
 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 33,940 800 
 
 
 Norfolk 
 Boston 
 
 9,600 000 
 7,593 150 
 
 
 Whaling 
 
 4,595 220 
 
 210,336 571 
 
 Portugal and Possessions. 
 
 Lisbon 
 
 Oporto 
 
 Goa 
 
 Angola 
 
 Bombay 
 
 Fayal 
 
 87,147 784 
 
 45,584 964 
 
 16,733 475 
 
 6,547 756 
 
 4,122 293 
 
 159 217 
 
 10 
 
74 
 
 Mozambique 
 Island of Terccira 
 
 76 500 
 8 400 
 
 160,381 
 
 889 
 
 
 Ilanseaiic Towns. 
 
 
 Hamburg 
 Bremen 
 
 99,530 544 
 3,323 735 
 
 102,854 
 
 9,79 
 
 
 Belgium. 
 
 
 Antwerp 
 
 64,595 670 
 
 64,595 
 
 070 
 
 Oriental State of Uruguay. 
 
 Montevideo 
 
 58,469 506 
 
 Sicily. 
 
 58,469 506 
 
 Messina 
 
 Riporto 
 
 21,494 299 
 3,541 820 
 2,151 100 
 
 27,187 219 
 
 Sardinia. 
 
 Genoa 
 
 22,556 891 
 
 22,556 918 
 
75 
 Spain and Possessions. 
 
 Tarragona 
 
 7,833 313 
 
 
 
 Rozas 
 
 6,524 080 
 
 
 
 Malaga 
 
 4,593 600 
 
 
 
 Canary Islands 
 
 76 000 
 
 
 
 
 
 19,026 
 
 993 
 
 Buenos Ayres 
 
 Valparaiso 
 
 Amsterdam 
 Middelburg 
 Rotterdam 
 
 Argentine Republic. 
 
 16,492 493 
 
 Cliili. 
 
 9,456 000 
 
 Holland. 
 
 7,346 240 
 474 520 
 204 800 
 
 Tuscany. 
 
 16,492 493 
 
 9,456 000 
 
 8,025 560 
 
 Leghorn 
 
 82 000 
 
 82 000 
 
76 
 
 Coasting, kc. 
 
 1,298 700 
 
 Total 
 
 2,095,705 563 
 
 JULY. 
 
 Gi-eat Britain and Possessions. 
 
 Liverpool 
 
 London 
 
 Glasgow 
 
 Gibraltar 
 
 Newfoundland 
 
 Guernsey 
 
 Jersey 
 
 Halifax 
 
 Falmouth 
 
 St. Helena 
 
 882,657 028 
 
 142,698 187 
 
 103,898 459 
 
 17,459 117 
 
 10,585 600 
 
 7,936 731 
 
 5,238 144 
 
 1,649 600 
 
 927 936 
 
 307 500 
 
 1,173,338 302 
 
 France. 
 
 Havre 
 
 336,311 891 
 
 
 
 Bordeaux 
 
 55,478 678 
 
 
 
 Cctte 
 
 29,838 123 
 
 
 
 Marseilles 
 
 29,793 821 
 
 
 
 Dunkerque 
 
 243 600 
 
 
 
 
 
 451,066 
 
 213 
 
77 
 
 Hanseatic Towns. 
 
 Hamburg 
 Bremen 
 
 229,824 874 
 19,337 819 
 
 249,162 693 
 
 Portugal and Possessions. 
 
 Oporto 
 
 Lisbon 
 
 Island of St. Michael 
 
 Angola 
 
 JMaciio 
 
 62,901 537 
 
 43,681 119 
 
 927 420 
 
 459 200 
 
 256 000 
 
 United States. 
 
 108,225 276 
 
 Richmond 
 
 Boston 
 
 Baltimore 
 
 Alexandria 
 
 New York 
 
 Calais 
 
 Antwerp 
 
 42,340 000 
 
 28,819 840 
 
 12,333 080 
 
 6,920 050 
 
 5,475 833 
 
 108 760 
 
 Belgium. 
 
 62,505 332 
 
 95,997 563 
 
 62,505 332 
 
Stockholm 
 Gottenburg 
 
 78 
 
 Spain and Possessions. 
 
 Tarragona 
 
 19,734 474 
 
 
 
 Majorca 
 
 5,003 Oil 
 
 
 
 Malaga 
 
 4,348 520 
 
 
 
 Tcneriffe 
 
 756 942 
 
 
 
 Rozas 
 
 533 133 
 
 
 
 Cadiz 
 
 392 200 
 
 
 
 
 
 30,668 
 
 280 
 
 Montevideo 
 
 Sweden. 
 
 22,561 482 
 22,308 329 
 
 44,869 811 
 
 Oriental State of Uruguay. 
 
 36,400 580 
 
 Holland. 
 
 36,400 580 
 
 Amsterdam 
 
 25,930 595 
 
 
 Rotterdam 
 
 9,360 460 
 
 35,291 055 
 
 
 
 
 Sicily. 
 
 
 Messina 
 
 12,010 048 
 
 
Other ports 
 
 Genoa 
 Cagliari 
 
 Valparaiso 
 
 Buenos Ayrcs 
 
 79 
 
 7,056 000 
 
 Sardinia. 
 
 12,736 000 
 4,425 000 
 
 Chili. 
 
 5,280 400 
 
 Jlrgentine Republic. 
 
 4,575 600 
 
 Mustria. 
 
 19,966 04S 
 
 17,161 000 
 
 5,280 400 
 
 4,575 600 
 
 Trieste 
 
 Coasting, &c. 
 
 611 200 
 
 611 200 
 35,600 928 
 
 Total 
 
 2,371,320 281 
 
 AUGUST. 
 
 Great Britain and Possessions. 
 
 Liverpool 
 
 1,026,227 390 
 
80 
 
 London 
 
 Gaspee 
 
 Glasfijow 
 
 Gibraltar 
 
 Jersey 
 
 Cape of Good Hope 
 
 Greenock 
 
 Falmouth 
 
 Newcastle 
 
 Guernsey 
 
 87,178 692 
 
 17,826 400 
 
 13,391 920 
 
 13,109 050 
 
 6,600 400 
 
 6,201 783 
 
 1,255 200 
 
 847 593 
 
 283 400 
 
 52 800 
 
 1,172,974 €2S 
 
 France. 
 
 Havre 
 
 309,969 314 
 
 
 Cette 
 
 59,606 442 
 
 
 Marseilles 
 
 46,341 893 
 
 
 Bordeaux 
 
 16,965 560 
 
 432,883 209 
 
 Portus;al and Possessions. 
 
 Lisbon 
 
 115,714 183 
 
 Oporto 
 
 38,187 346 
 
 Setubal 
 
 2,728 346 
 
 Loanda 
 
 752 622 
 
 G&a 
 
 441 300 
 
 Fayal 
 
 248 000 
 
81 
 
 Madeira 
 Bombay 
 
 21G 000 
 
 57 280 
 
 
 United States. 
 
 Baltimore 
 
 62,333 460 
 
 Whaling 
 
 52,010 670 
 
 Richmond 
 
 12,883 200 
 
 New York 
 
 6,903 025 
 
 Calais 
 
 2,100 000 
 
 Norfolk 
 
 1,520 000 
 
 Boston 
 
 1,089 360 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 ' 521 400 
 
 158,345 770 
 
 139,361 115 
 
 Hamburg 
 Bremen 
 
 Montevideo 
 
 Hanseatic Towns. 
 
 73,891 233 
 5,315 188 
 
 79,206 421 
 
 Oriental State of Uruguay. 
 
 77,391 545 
 
 Bel3%iLm. 
 
 77,391 545 
 
 Antwerp 
 
 39,162 315 
 
 39,162 315 
 
 11 
 
Amsterdam' 
 
 Messina 
 
 Valparaiso 
 
 82 
 Spain and Possessions^. 
 
 Tarragona 
 
 26,485 716 
 
 
 Lan^arote 
 
 8,320 000 
 
 
 Malaga 
 
 3,030 000 
 
 
 Tcneriffe 
 
 296 919 
 
 
 Santander 
 
 100 173 
 
 38,232 808 
 
 Holland. 
 
 28,790 335 
 
 Sicily. 
 
 28,290 860 
 
 Cliili. 
 
 33,055 297 
 
 Argentine Rcpuhlic. 
 
 28,790 335 
 
 28,290 860 
 
 33,055 297 
 
 Buenos Ayrcs 
 
 27,769 582 
 
 27,769 582 
 
Trieste 
 
 83 
 
 Austria. 
 25,270 613 
 
 Sardinia. 
 
 25,270 613 
 
 Genoa 
 Cagliari 
 
 7,424 440 
 3,859 492 
 
 Sweden. 
 
 11,283 932 
 
 Gottenburg 
 Stockholm 
 
 Altona 
 
 Coasting &c. 
 
 981 000 
 
 
 
 975 500 
 
 
 
 
 1,956 
 
 500 
 
 
 *j\j\j 
 
 Denmark. 
 
 
 
 58 880 
 
 
 
 
 58 
 
 880 
 
 
 24,933 
 
 946 
 
 )tal 
 
 2,318,565 
 
 063 
 
 SEPTEMBER. 
 
 
 
 Great Britain and Possessions. 
 
 Liverpool 
 
 793,205 598 
 
London 
 
 Gibraltar 
 
 Glasgow 
 
 Jersey 
 
 Guernsey 
 
 Greenock 
 
 Cape of Good Hope 
 
 Malta 
 
 Falmouth 
 
 84 
 
 Gl,277 773 
 
 37,548 375 
 
 7,954 950 
 
 4,800 475 
 
 4,709 096 
 
 771 484 
 
 262 305 
 
 138 400 
 
 12 424 
 
 910,680 880 
 
 France. 
 
 Havre 
 
 168,040 430 
 
 
 
 Cette 
 
 40,893 
 
 955 
 
 
 
 Bordeaux 
 
 30,009 
 
 374 
 
 • • 
 
 
 Marseilles 
 
 29,866 
 
 306 
 
 268,810 
 
 065 
 
 
 Hanseatic Towns. 
 
 ' b 
 
 Hamburg 
 
 160,940 
 
 959 
 
 160,940 
 
 959 
 
 Portugal and Possessions. 
 
 Lisbon 
 Oporto 
 
 77,963 314 
 63,221 640 
 
85 
 
 Isle of May 4,023 000 
 
 Goa 1,253 760 
 
 Isle of St. Michael 677 490 
 
 Benguela 520 000 
 
 
 United States. 
 
 Baltimore 
 
 34,327 886 
 
 New York 
 
 8,515 510 
 
 Boston 
 
 6,984 700 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 5,568 000 
 
 Richmond 
 
 3,398 400 
 
 Norfolk 
 
 960 000 
 
 147,6''J 210 
 
 59,754 496 
 Oriental State of Uruguay. 
 Montevideo 53,133 874 
 
 53,133 874 
 
 CJiili. 
 Valparaiso 49,052 907 
 
 49,052 997 
 
 Sardinia, 
 Genoa 45,085 461 
 
 45,085 461 
 
Antwerp 
 
 Flinsburg 
 Stockholm 
 
 Trieste 
 
 80 
 Belgium. 
 
 41,998 026 
 
 Sweden. 
 
 29,185 289 
 3,702 438 
 
 Austria. 
 21,537 178 
 
 41,998 026 
 
 32,887 727 
 
 21,537 178 
 
 Tarragona 
 Malaga 
 
 Buenos Ayres 
 
 Spain. 
 
 18,410 678 
 1,702 133 
 
 Argentine Republic. 
 26,715 890 
 
 20,112 811 
 
 26,715 890 
 
 Messina 
 Trapani 
 
 Sicily. 
 
 5,613 440 
 2,647 040 
 
 8,260 480 
 

 87 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ilollaml. 
 
 
 
 
 Amsterdam 
 
 3,364 
 
 134 
 
 3,364 
 
 134 
 
 
 
 
 Coasting, &c. 
 
 
 
 22,003 
 
 580 
 
 Total 
 
 1,871,997 
 
 761 
 
 EXPORT DUTIES. 
 
 Coffee pays 9 per cent, on yaluatlon. 
 Sugars 2 do do. 
 
 Tobacco 2 do do. 
 
 Hides 2 do do. 
 
 Horns 2 do do. 
 
CUSTOM HOUSE VALUATIONS. 
 
 All nations paying Jifeeen per cent, and one and a half 
 per cent. Custom House fees, on articles entered for Con- 
 smnption, and two per cent, on those deposited for Expor- 
 tation. 
 
 
 
 MIL 
 llEIS. 
 
 BEIS. 
 
 Anchors and Grapnels, 
 
 quintal 
 
 10 
 
 240 
 
 Annisseed, 
 
 arroba 
 
 3 
 
 200 
 
 Almonds, sweet and soft shell, 
 
 Do 
 
 4 
 
 
 Ale, Bottled, 
 
 dozen 
 
 3 
 
 400 
 
 Ashes, pot, 
 
 pound 
 
 
 400 
 
 Brandy, Spanish, 
 
 pipe 
 
 100 
 
 
 Do French, 
 
 Do 
 
 120 
 
 
 Beef, American, 
 
 arroba 
 
 2 
 
 
 Bag of coffee, grain 
 
 vara 
 
 
 220 
 
 Brimstone in rolls, 
 
 arroba 
 
 5 
 
 120 
 
 Brass in sheets, 
 
 pound 
 
 
 400 
 
 Bottles for wine. 
 
 hundred 
 
 6 
 
 400 
 
 Butter, 
 
 arroba 
 
 6 
 
 400 
 
 Copper, braziers, 
 
 pound 
 
 
 450 
 
 Do sheathing, 
 
 Do 
 
 
 450 
 
 Cables, chain. 
 
 quintal 
 
 12 
 
 
 Do hemp 
 
 Do 
 
 14 
 
 
89 
 
 Cordage, 
 
 Do 
 
 14 
 
 
 Codfish, 
 
 Do 
 
 6 
 
 400 
 
 Coal, • 
 
 ton 
 
 8 
 
 
 Cloves, India, 
 
 pound 
 
 
 100 
 
 Cheese, Dutch, 
 
 each 
 
 
 600 
 
 Do English, 
 
 pound 
 
 
 320 
 
 Candles, sperm, 
 
 pound 
 
 
 500 
 
 Do tallow, 
 
 arroba 
 
 
 200 
 
 Chairs, American, 
 
 each 
 
 3 
 
 200 
 
 Corks, 
 
 thousand 
 
 1 
 
 600 
 
 Demijohns, 
 
 each 
 
 
 700 
 
 Flour, American, 
 
 barrel 
 
 9 
 
 000 
 
 Gin in pipes, 
 
 pipe 
 
 100 
 
 
 Do cases or jugs, 
 
 dozen 
 
 3 
 
 
 Iron Hoops, 
 
 quintal 
 
 6 
 
 400 
 
 Do bars, English, 
 
 Do 
 
 4 
 
 800 
 
 Do rods, do 
 
 Do 
 
 6 
 
 400 
 
 Do bars, Swedish, 
 
 Do 
 
 7 
 
 
 Do rods, do 
 
 Do 
 
 9 
 
 
 Ivory, Elephants' teeth. 
 
 pound 
 
 
 800 
 
 Leather, Morocco, 
 
 dozen 
 
 36 
 
 
 Lead, sheet, 
 
 quintal 
 
 9 
 
 
 Do bars. 
 
 Do 
 
 8 
 
 
 Maccaroni and Vermicellc, 
 
 arroba 
 
 3 
 
 200 
 
 Nankeen, India blue. 
 
 piece 
 
 1 
 
 800 
 
 Do Canton, 
 
 Do 
 
 1 
 
 800 
 
 Do yellow, wide, 
 
 Do 
 
 1 
 
 800 
 
 Do do narroAv, 
 
 Do 
 
 1 
 
 200 
 
 12 
 
1)0 
 
 Nails, Spike, 8 and 5 inch. 
 
 quintal 
 
 16 
 
 500 
 
 Do do 45 and 3^, 
 
 thousand 
 
 10 
 
 
 Osnaburgs, fine. 
 
 vara 
 
 • 
 
 300 
 
 Do ordinary, 
 
 Do 
 
 
 220 
 
 Oil, Portuguese, Olive, 
 
 pipe 
 
 140 
 
 
 Do Mediterranean, Do 
 
 Do 
 
 140 
 
 
 Do Linseed, 
 
 Do 
 
 90 
 
 
 Do Rape, 
 
 Do 
 
 90 
 
 
 Do Whale, 
 
 Do 
 
 90 
 
 
 Olives, 
 
 ancoreta 
 
 
 600 
 
 Pork, American, 
 
 arroba 
 
 2 
 
 600 
 
 Paper, folio post and small, 
 
 ream 
 
 9 
 
 600 
 
 Do Foolscap, 
 
 Do 
 
 9 
 
 600 
 
 Do Almasso, 
 
 Do 
 
 2 
 
 600 
 
 Do Florette 
 
 Do 
 
 2 
 
 650 
 
 Pepper, black, 
 
 pound 
 
 
 150 
 
 Pitch, 
 
 barrel 
 
 8 
 
 
 Rosin, 
 
 quintal 
 
 3 
 
 
 Russia Duck, wide, 
 
 piece 
 
 12 
 
 
 Do do narrow, 
 
 Do 
 
 10 
 
 
 Raven's do wide, English 
 
 vara 
 
 
 780 
 
 Do do narrow do 
 
 Do 
 
 
 400 
 
 Raisins, Muscatel, 
 
 box 
 
 3 
 
 200 
 
 Steel, Milan, 
 
 quintal 
 
 9 
 
 
 Do Swedish 
 
 Do 
 
 7 
 
 
 Sheeting, Russia wide, 
 
 piece 
 
 12 
 
 
 Shot, 
 
 quintal 
 
 10 
 
 
 Sail Cloth, Russia wide. 
 
 piece 
 
 18 
 
 
91 
 
 Do English Do 
 
 Do 
 
 16 
 
 800 
 
 Do do narrow, 
 
 Do 
 
 12 
 
 
 SnufF, Lisbon, 
 
 pound 
 
 1 
 
 500 
 
 Silk for sewing, 
 
 Do 
 
 G 
 
 
 Soap, 
 
 arroba 
 
 3 
 
 840 
 
 Salt 
 
 alqueirc 
 
 6 
 
 
 Salt petre 
 
 arroba 
 
 4 
 
 800 
 
 Turpentine, spirits of 
 
 pound 
 
 
 200 
 
 Tar, American, 
 
 barrels 
 
 3 
 
 
 Do Swedish, 
 
 Do 
 
 6 
 
 
 Tea, Pearl, 
 
 pound 
 
 1 
 
 200 
 
 Do Hyson, 
 
 Do 
 
 1 
 
 
 Twine, Sailraakers 
 
 Do 
 
 
 450 
 
 Do Shoemakers, 
 
 arroba 
 
 6 
 
 
 Tin sheets, 
 
 box 
 
 14 
 
 400 
 
 Tortoise Shell, 
 
 pound 
 
 16 
 
 
 Verdegris, 
 
 Do 
 
 
 400 
 
 Vinegar, 
 
 pipe 
 
 30 
 
 
 Wire, Iron, 
 
 pound 
 
 
 400 
 
 Wire, brass, 
 
 Do 
 
 
 500 
 
 Wax, yellow. 
 
 Do 
 
 
 450 
 
 Whiting, 
 
 quintal 
 
 1 
 
 COO 
 
 Wines, Oporto Factory, 
 
 pipe 
 
 120 
 
 
 Do Ramo, 
 
 Do 
 
 80 
 
 
 Do Figueira, Lisbon, while 
 
 
 
 
 and red, C'ctte and 
 
 
 
 
 Sicilian, 
 
 \)o 
 
 
 GO 
 
92 
 
 
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 c 
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 -= .u:^?:zCi.c; KXE-3>>>! 
 
ESTABLISHED CHARGES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 .American Cojmnission Houses at Rio de Janeiro. 
 
 On sales of merchandize, 5 per ct. 
 
 Guarantee on credit sales, 2\ do 
 
 Interest on cash advanced, 1 do pr. mo. 
 
 On purchase of merchandise, on cost 
 
 and charges, 2^ do 
 
 On sales or purchase of vessels by pri- 
 vate contract, 2| do 
 
 On sales of vessels condemned as un- 
 
 seaworthy, 5 do 
 
 On disbursements of vessels in ordi- 
 nary cases, 25 do 
 
 On disbursements of vessels, funds ad- 
 vanced, or of condemned vessels, or 
 of vessels entering for repair, 5 do 
 
 On receiving and forwarding goods, 1 do 
 
 On amount of responsibilities incurred 
 
 thereon, . 2^ do 
 
 On consignments of merchandise with- 
 drawn or shipped, full commission to 
 be changed to the extent of advances 
 
94 
 
 on responsibilities incurred, and half 
 
 commissions on the residue of value. 
 On receiving or paying money from 
 
 which no other commission has been 
 
 derived, 
 Sale or purchase of specie, 
 For effecting insurance. 
 Procuring or collecting freight, 
 Remittance in bills not endorsed, 
 Drawing or endorsing a bill, 
 Storage on all dry goods, 1 do 
 
 No interest will be allowed for money in deposite. 
 
 As there has been no fixed charge in the case of dis- 
 charging and reshipping the cargoes of vessels in dis- 
 tress, that prescribed by the New York Chamber of 
 Commerce, on the invoice amounts 2a per cent, is in 
 
 1 
 
 do 
 
 X 
 •J, 
 
 do 
 
 1 
 
 do 
 
 
 do 
 
 i 
 
 do 
 
 01. 
 
 do 
 
 usage. 
 
 N. B. When there is a supercargo, half commission 
 on sales of merchandise returned to him, but no return 
 is made on purchases, or any other transactions. 
 
95 
 PORT CHARGES 
 
 Of a Ship of two hundred and ffhj tons entering in 
 franquia, and proceeding without breaking hulk. 
 
 StlL 
 REI3. '^^"• 
 
 Entry and clearance, and Interpreter at Cus- 
 tom House, 2 680 
 Light dues on 250 tons a 100 25 
 Anchorage dues five days a 2-500, 12 500 
 Secretary of State's account, port dues, 76 340 
 American Consul's bill of fees 18 a 1-300, 23 400 
 
 Rs. 139 920 
 
 Commission 2\ per cent. 3 498 
 
 Rs. 143 418 
 
 PORT CHARGES 
 
 Of a Ship of two hundred andffty tons entering infill 
 
 and discharff^in^c- 
 
 Entry and clearance, and Interpreter at Cus- 
 tom House, 2 680 
 Light dues on 350 tons a 100 reis, 25 
 
96 
 
 Anchorage dues 20 days a 2-500 reis per 
 
 day, 50 
 
 Secretary of State's account, port dues, 76 340 
 
 American Consul's bill of fees 18 a 1-300 23 400 
 
 Rs. 17? 420 
 
 Commission 2i per cent. 4 435 
 
 Rs. 181 855 
 
 Regulated by the number of persons and Consular 
 Seals. 
 
vLIKOKlNi.A 
 
 BAY OF PvIO DE JANEIRO 
 
 In the Province of the same name. 
 
 The Capital of the Empire is situated on its borders. 
 This bay has its entrance immediately from the Sea, in 
 Latitude 22° 56^ South, and Longitude 45° 34' West, 
 with sufficient depth of water for any class of Vessels 
 to enter without risk or danger. It extends from South 
 to North five leagues, widening by degrees nearly six 
 leagues East and West. This bay is replete with many 
 picturesque Islands under cultivation, and small rivers 
 from the interior are its constant attributes, from whence 
 arrive daily, boats and barks ladened with the produce 
 of the adjoining country for the City consumption. It 
 affords a vast port of entry for the Capital. On the op- 
 posite side of the "Ray is the Town of Nitherohy, from 
 whence two small Steamboats ply daily to the City of 
 Rio de Janeiro with passengers. 
 
 RIO DE JANEIRO. 
 
 The Capital of the Province of the same name, and 
 of the Empire, situated on the Eastern part of the Bay, 
 one league from the mouth of the harbour. It is de- 
 fended by two forts near the entrance, St. Cruz and 
 
 13 
 
98 
 
 Lage, and several others situated in different places 
 Avhich completely defends the City. The Town is en- 
 vironed by many eminences, the most conspicuous are 
 Ihe Castello, or Castle Hill, Pallacio do Bispo, Bishops 
 Palace, St. Diogo, St. James, Morro do Liviamento, 
 Hill of Deliverance, ]\Iai d' Agua, Grand Water Source, 
 St. Teresa, on which there is situated a Convent of 
 Nuns, St. Anthony and St. Bento, both of which have 
 a Religious Institution of Monks. The City is divided 
 into the Old and New Town, separated by the Carapo of 
 St. Anna, or Field of Honour. There arc situated in 
 this Square many splendid buildings, both public and 
 private. The Senate Chamber, War Department, Bar- 
 racks, General Quarters for the Commander-in-chief of 
 the Army, District Court, also the Museum which is 
 opened every Thursday for the public. 
 
 In the centre of this Square there is a most splendid 
 fountain which is lit up at night for the accommodation 
 of the inhabitants ; here the Emperor, Don Pedro II. re- 
 views his troops^ aiiJ Tvhorc nil other military CXerclSCS 
 take place. 
 
 In the old town is the Largo do Pa^o, or Palace 
 Square, near which is the Emperor's Palace, facing the 
 Sea and on the principal street, llua Direita. 
 
 The Imperial Chapel, and a beautiful fountain of 
 water (which supplies all the shipping, foreign and 
 national ) embellishes this part of the City. Near the 
 Palace is the House of Deputies. 
 
99 
 
 The Churches are very splendid buildings. St. Fran- 
 cisco de Paulo, with an hospital for the reception of all 
 those who belong the order of the said Church. A 
 garden of medicinal plants is also attached to this 
 Church. Near at hand is the JNlilitary Academy, and 
 further on, the Largo do Rocio, or Square of Roscius 
 on -which is situated the National Theatre, a splendid 
 building. The Carioca Square, where there is an ex- 
 tensive fountain, which supplies nearly half the City 
 with water conveyed from the mountain many leagues 
 by aqueducts. The houses have generally flower gar- 
 dens attached to them. 
 
 The Gloria, an eminence of note, having a Church 
 dedicated to the Virgin. On its summit, from whence 
 there is a Bird's-eye View of the entire of the Harbour, 
 and where there are several most desirable, handsome, 
 dwellings, inhabited chiefly by foreigners of distinction. 
 
 Pria de Flanego, and Catette-fallQw, where are many 
 desirable residences. 
 
 Bota (ftogo, an extensive Beach, where are likewise 
 as many handsome buildings. 
 
 On the extreme side of the City is Valongo Gamboa, 
 where is situated the English Burial Ground. 
 . Saco d' Alferes, and St. Christophs, where the Em- 
 peror has his Summer Palace. The City, including the 
 surburbs, takes up a space of from four to five leagues. 
 The Botanical garden is well worthy of notice, and also 
 the Corcovado Mountain, rearing its summit above it 
 
100 
 
 many hundred feet, and very difficult to ascend. There 
 is also an Hospital for Lepers, and others afflicted with 
 incurable diseases. 
 
 The present Emperor, Don Pedro IL, being in hiis 
 minority, the Empire is under the direction of a Regen- 
 cy (the Emperor is Supreme.) There are six Secreta- 
 ries of State, viz : Empire ; State and Foreign Rela- 
 tions ; Navy ; War ; Justice ; and Treasury-. A Su- 
 preme Tribunal of Justice ; a Supreme Military Tribu- 
 nal ; a Public Treasury ; a Chamber of Commerce ; and 
 a Board of Agricuhure and of Navigation; a Court to 
 try all cases, civil and criminal ; an Imperial Custom 
 House, and a splendid building, the Merchants Ex- 
 change ; a Mathematical and Philosophical College ; a 
 Nautical School; a Medical and Surgical Academy; a 
 Public Library, belonging to the Crown ; a Cabinet of 
 Zoology and Mineralogy; a Chemical Laboratory. 
 
 There is also a Public Hospital, where all destitute 
 sick persons can go to and be duly attended, free of 
 charge; nn Orpbnn A«:ylum; a Poor House^^nd other 
 charitable institutions, many of them belonging to the 
 different churches and orders. In each district there is 
 a Public School established ; and there arc also many 
 other private well conducted ones. There is also the 
 Paseo Publico, or public walk, where numbers of per- 
 sons walk during the evening; this walk faces tlie sea, 
 from whence there is a fine prospect of the whole har- 
 bour. The Government has an extensive printing e&- 
 
101 
 
 tablisliment ; there are also many private ones. Two 
 arsenals, for army and navy, a powder manufactory and 
 magazine, and a dry dock for vessels of war, which is 
 nearly completed, situated on the Island of Cobras, and 
 formed within a solid rock. The city is divided into 
 eight districts. The legislative body, on meeting, hear 
 mass at the Imperial Chapel, where the Emperor and 
 royal family, with the attendants of the Court, likewise 
 attend. Since the departure of the Ex-Emperor, Don 
 Pedro I., a corps called the National Guards, (an or- 
 ganized militia,) has been established, and likewise a 
 corps called the Permanent Guard, this last is to guard 
 the city at night, and is paid by Government, and sub- 
 ject to the Police department. The latitude of the Pro- 
 vince is between 21° and 24 South. Here are many 
 fine fruits, and beautiful trees, shrubs, and flowers, 
 medicinal plants, minerals, gold and silver ore, and 
 many precious stones. 
 
 The climate is very fine, and the inhabitants are ge- 
 nerally healthy and well proportioned; the market of 
 late years has been ver}' well provided with vegetables 
 and fruits of the season ; and at present there are seve- 
 ral French hotels, very necessary and most -useful for 
 so large and frequented city as Eio de Janeiro. This 
 Province is the most productive and valuable that Brazil 
 owns. The population of the Province, by the census 
 taken in 1837, is about five hundred and fifty thousand 
 souls, and the city contains, of that number, two hun- 
 
102 
 
 dred and fifty thousand, including tlie many strangers 
 who frequent here during the year. 
 
 The navy of the Empire of Brazil is not considerable 
 in numbers; they have, notwithstanding stationary in 
 the Harbour of Rio de Janeiro, two line of battle ships, 
 (in ordinar)-;) likewise two frigates of the first class, 
 constructed in the United States, highly considered for 
 
 their models and fast sailing. They have several cor- 
 vettes and schooners; these last, under the command of 
 a Lieutenant, act as Government packets to the North- 
 ern and Southern ports, and carry the mails. Posts, to 
 all transitable parts, are also established by land. 
 
 ILIIA GRANDE, 
 
 Situated on the coast of the Province of Rio de Ja- 
 neiro; latitude 23° 12' South, longitude 46° 35' 58^< 
 West; the Harbour has from ten to thirty-five fathom 
 depth of water. It abounds with wood. Coffee, sugar, 
 and rum are abundant ; fish in great plenty ; fruits and 
 vegetables are likewise plenty and cheap. Whalers in 
 general touch at this Island for wood, water, &c. 
 
 ESPIRITO SANTO. 
 
 This Province abounds with valuable woods for ma- 
 nufacture; drugs, medicinal plants, oils, balsam copa- 
 
103 
 
 via, Peru balsam, Dragon's blood, &c. ; sugar cane, 
 cotton, coffee, rice, and corn are cultivated here ; fruits 
 and vegetables are abundant, and fish is plentiful. 
 
 The Sardinians are the only nation who trade with 
 this port; their cargoes there consist of jerked beef, 
 either from Rio Grande or Montevideo ; the harbour is 
 easy of access. The full one half of the sugars export- 
 ed from Rio de Janeiro for foreign markets, is that of 
 this Province, and campos adjacent to it ; as likewise 
 the rose wood, which are brought round by coasters. 
 
 PROVINCE OF BAHIA, 
 Town Saint Salvador, and Bay of the same name. 
 
 Situated in latitude 12° 58' North, longitude 40° 5y 
 West. The city is divided into the lower and upper 
 town. The lower town Is the commercial part, and the 
 upper is that of the dwelling houses and public build- 
 ings ; there are many handsome gardens in the envi- 
 rons, and several fountains in the city. The Presi- 
 dent's Palace is a magnificent building, and the Cathe- 
 dral is likewise a splendid edifice; there are several 
 churches and convents. The hospital, " Da Misericor- 
 dia," is where the sick are attended free of charge. 
 A medical and surgical college, and some schools for 
 
104 
 
 education. A small theatre and a public walk consti- 
 tute the amusements of the inhabitants. The harbour 
 is good, easy of access, and any description of vessel 
 can lay here at anchor in safety. There is likewise an 
 arsenal, where several ships have been built for the Bra- 
 zilian Navy. The population of this Province is about 
 six hundred and fifty thousand souls ; and its produc- 
 tions are sugar, rum, rezinous gums, coffee, rice, and 
 tobacco ; and its exports generally consists of the same. 
 This port is frequented by American, English, French, 
 Sardinian, and Hamburgese vessels. The English im- 
 port a quantity of dry goods, &c. ; the Americans, flour; 
 and all take cargo of the produce above stated, either 
 bound home or to foreign markets. 
 
 The artificial feather flower is made here by the nuns 
 in great perfection, and are highly valued. 
 
 PROVINCE OF PERNAMBUCO. 
 
 Situated in latitudes between 7° 30' and 9° North. 
 The river St. Francisco empties itself into the ocean 
 on its borders. A quantity of cotton is cultivated in 
 this Province, and also a quantity of sweetmeats are 
 made here; the fruits are remarkably fine and abundant. 
 Wood is esteemed here as good and durable for manu- 
 facture. The principal wood here is called Pao do Bra:- 
 zil, Brazil wood. The town Olinda is on an eminence; 
 
105 
 
 and lias good substantial houses in it, two or three 
 fountains, an Hospital for the poor and sick, several 
 Convents and Churches, and one Church here called the 
 Ancient Cathedral, the largest church in Brazil. There 
 are here also several seminaries for the education of 
 youth. A President, appointed by the Emperor, rules 
 the Province ; his residence is near the Botanical Gar- 
 den, a very well conducted establishment. The popula- 
 tion of the Province is about three hundred and forty 
 thousand. Trade here is fluctuating ; but always 
 enough to keep several American, English, and French 
 houses active in business. The principal productions 
 are cotton, sugar, tobacco, and coffee ; and the exports 
 are the same. The orange _of this Province is con- 
 sidered the first in Brazil. 
 
 THE PROVINCE OF MARANHAN, 
 
 Is situated between the latitudes 1° 16' North and 7° 
 35' South. Being near the equator the weather is ra- 
 ther stormy during the months of October, November, 
 and December, they being the summer months. The 
 face of the country is generally level ; the wood is abun- 
 dant and fine for manufacture; they cultivate rice here, 
 and their fruits are delicious and plentiful ; they also 
 
 cultivate large quantities of cotton. A quantity "f 
 
 14 
 
lOG 
 
 gums are found here, as also many minerals. St. Luis 
 is the capital. The only buildings of any note it has, 
 are two Convents, an Hospital, and the President's resi- 
 dence ; the market is generally well supplied, and there 
 is always a great abundance of fish, which is very fine ; 
 the Harbour admits of any sized vessel coming up to 
 anchor, and is defended by two forts. 
 
 The population is two hundred thousand souls in the 
 Province. Commerce is pretty briskly carried on by 
 the Enfrlish, and some few Americans and French. 
 
 The English export annually, considerable quantity of 
 cotton for manufacture. 
 
 THE PROVINCE OF PARA. 
 
 The greater part of this Province is situated on the 
 equator, confined by the ocean on the North, and by 
 Maranhan on the Northeast by Dutch Guinee on the 
 South — Mata Grossa, and confines of Peru, on the 
 West. Its climate is salubrious, but the weather is ge- 
 nerally sultry, and rains are very frequent at mid-day. 
 The forests abound with large and splendid trees, flow- 
 ers, and shrubs, fruits and vegetables arc abundant; 
 medicinal plants and gums are also found here in abun- 
 dance; also minerals and precious stones, and other 
 rich productions. They have a great quantity of cattle 
 
107 
 
 here, which generally goes wild. In fact the inhabi" 
 tants are not so much civilized as those farther South. 
 The river Amazon the most renowned in the world runs 
 through this Province; the Harbour is capacious and 
 capable of receiving any kind of shipping at anchor in 
 safety. 
 
 Cocoa, Sarsaparilla, Sassafras, Columbo, and Ipeca- 
 cuanha, are very abundant here. 
 
 Population, one hundred and seventy-six thousand in 
 the Province. 
 
 PARANAGUA, 
 
 A port, belonging to the Province of St. Pauls, in 
 latitude 25° 31' 3" South, longitude 50° 56' W. The 
 produce exported from the port, consists of wood for 
 manufacture, sugar, coflTee, rice. The Harbour is capa- 
 cious. Some few Hamburgese vessels have traded 
 there with success; fish is abundant and cheap. 
 
 SANTOS, 
 
 A town in the Province of St. Pauls, situated near 
 the sea, in latitude 23° 56*^ South, longitude 48° West. 
 It has many good dwellings in it, as also some fine 
 Churches, two Convents, and a Hospital for the poor 
 
108 
 
 nnd sick. The President's dwelling in this town i^ 
 called the Pala^io ; this building was built and once oc- 
 cupied by the Jesuits. There is a considerable coasting 
 trade here. 
 
 Sugars are generally exported from this port by fo- 
 reign vessels to Europe. The river is large and spa- 
 cious, and admits of any class of vessels passing up ; the 
 entrance is defended by a fort, beyond which there is 
 another. The soil is rather sandy ; the climate, though 
 rains are very frequent, is very salubrious ; fruits are not 
 very good here ; fish is abundant and cheap. 
 
 The population is about ten thousand souls. 
 
 SAINT CATHERINE, 
 
 An island, situated near the coast of Brazil, and un- 
 der its dominion, in latitude about 28° South. The en- 
 trance of (he river is deft:ndod by (wo forts. The coun- 
 try is fertile, and abounds in water; fruits, and vegeta- 
 bles of Europe can be cultivated here. The great ex- 
 port formerly of this Province, was whale oil. The 
 people arc very industrious. The trade of this place is 
 inconsiderable ; one American house does most of the 
 foreign business here. The population is about fifty 
 thousand souls. American whalers tench at this island 
 frequently foi supplies, &c. The articles of foreign 
 
109 
 
 production, imported and manufactured here, are com- 
 monly brought round by coasters from Rio de Janeiro. 
 Some flour goes direct from the United States. The 
 Harbour is commodious and safe. Handsome feather 
 flowers are made here by the nuns. They likewise 
 raise Indian Corn and Beans in plenty, which is gener- 
 ally sent round by coasters to Rio de Janeiro for 
 market. 
 
 RIO GRANDE DO SUL. 
 
 This Province is situated on the Sea Board, in lati- 
 tude between 28° 53' and 33° South. It produces an 
 immense number of Wild Cattle, and the principal ex- 
 port is Beef and Tongues, salted and barrelled up, 
 Hides, Tallow, Jerked Beef, Ox Horns, Indian Corn, 
 Beans, &c. The climate is temperate, rather cold, and 
 the air salubrious, the soil sandy. The fruits, and vege- 
 tables of Europe can be, and are, cultivated here ; the 
 Peach is fine and abundant. The People differ in dis- 
 position to the rest of Brizilians ; they pride themselves, 
 upon what they call or consider to be liberty, and the 
 enjoyment of equal rights ; giving rise to civil commo- 
 tions, injurious to the peaceful prosecution of lawful 
 pursuits, to social intercourse, and general benefit of 
 the State. 
 
110 
 
 PORTO ALEGRE, 
 
 Is the capital of tins Province, latitude 30° South 
 and longitude 54° West. The town has the appear- 
 ance of an amphitheatre ; the President of the Pro- 
 vince, and other high authorities, reside here ; the build- 
 ings are generally good, but few of note. The fruits 
 generally are abundant and excellent. 
 
 American, English, and other vessels, must necessa- 
 rily lighten their lading at Rio Grande, so as to be en- 
 abled to proceed up to Porto Alegre, the river deplli of 
 water not admitting the ascending of a heavy ladencd 
 vessel. The American trade has increased considera- 
 bly within a few years, and has generally been transact- 
 ed b^' the commercial establishment of Isaac Austin 
 Hayes, Esquire, at Rio Grande and Port Alegre. The 
 population of this Province is estimated at about one 
 hundred and seventy thousand souls. 
 
 ST. JOSEPH OF THE NORTH, 
 
 A town of the Province of Rio Grande do Sul, situ- 
 ated on the Eastern side of Ducks Lake, one league 
 above the Bar, opposite of the town oi' St Peter, it is 
 the anchoring place for ihe shij)s which take in cargo 
 on the South side of the Island. It is situated on san- 
 
Ti^^\ 
 
 >\ 
 
 >lT' 
 
 dy soil, wliich sliifls with the wind, to the degree oJ 
 covering up buildings, notwithstanding which, there are 
 some good two story houses built of brick. This place 
 abounds in provisions, and is very commercial. 
 
 - ;v»^^ 
 
 LlBliAiv.V 
 
^^^^^^ - m 
 
 LIST OF THE PLACES 
 
 Where Custom Houses are situated, according to 
 Article first of the Regulations. 
 
 Rio de Janeiro, 
 
 Bahia, 
 
 Pernambuco, 
 
 Maranhan, 
 
 Paia, 
 
 Rio Grande and St. Joseph, North, 
 
 Port Alegre, 
 
 Santos, 
 
 Parahiba, 
 
 Ccara, 
 
 St. Catherine, 
 
 AlagonSj 
 
 Serigipa, 
 
 Espirito Santo, 
 
 Rio Grande, North, 
 
 Paranagua, 
 
 Parnahiba, 
 
 St. Peters, South. 
 
FOREIGN VESSELS OF WAR 
 
 Of Friendly Powers with the Empire of Brazil. 
 
 Regulation upon sailing out of the Harbour of Rio de 
 Janeiro, at sunset, or before the break of day. 
 
 During the absence of a Diplomatic Agent of the 
 United States, at the Court of Brazil, which was, from 
 the departure, after taking final leave of this Court, of 
 the honorable E. A. Brown, Charge d'Aflaires of the 
 United States, in April, 1S34, until the arrival of the 
 honorable William Hunter, (successor of Mr. Brown,) 
 who arrived at Rio de Janeiro in January, 1835. 
 
 Don Aureliano de Souza e Oliveira Coutinho, one of 
 His Majesty's, the Emperor's Council, Minister and 
 Secretary of State for the Affiiirs of Justice, and charged 
 with the Department for Foreign Relations, in conse- 
 quence of the above stated absence, addressed, as of 
 course, an accredited Agent of the United States, that 
 His Excellency's communication should have its due ef- 
 fect, and addressed John Martin Baker, then United 
 States Consul for Rio de Janeiro, residing in the city. 
 
 The communication is important to Vessels of War 
 
 of Foreign Nations upon the intention of sailing out of 
 
 15 
 
114 
 
 the Harbour at sunset, or during the night, designating 
 the Regulation approved by His Majesty, the Emperor, 
 and the form of signal to be made, so as to pass the 
 Fort of Santa Cruz, thereby to avoid accident, and pre- 
 vent any circumstance which would in any wise inter- 
 rupt that harmony and good understanding now existing 
 with foreign powers. 
 
 Official JVotefrom His Excellency, the Minister of StatCy 
 charged with the Department for Foreign Relations^ 
 to John Martin Baker, United States Consul. 
 
 [translation.] 
 
 The undersigned, one of his Majesty's, the Emperor's 
 Council, Secretary of Stale for the Affairs of Justice, 
 and charged with the Department for Foreign Relations, 
 has the honour to communicate to Mr. J. M. Baker, Con- 
 sul of the United States of America, that the Govern- 
 ment of His Imperial Majesty, desirous to avoid any 
 disagreeable event, upon the sailing of the Vessels of 
 War, of Friendly Powers, leaving this Harbour at sun- 
 set, or before the break of day, has ordained the obser- 
 vance of the Orders contained in liic enclosed copies, 
 
 which tlie undersigned, hastens to transmit to Mr. 
 Baker, praying him to communicate the same to the Of- 
 ficer commanding the Naval Forces of 'he United 
 States, anchored in this Harbour. 
 
115 
 
 The undersignecl renews to Mr. J. M. Baker expres- 
 sions of his consideration and esteem. 
 Palace of Rio de Janeiro, 
 July 31, 1834. 
 (Signed) AURELIANO DE SOUZA 
 E OLIVEIRA COUTINHO. 
 
 [reply.] 
 
 United States Consulate, 
 
 Rio de Janeiro, 
 AiLgmt 2, 1834. 
 
 The undersigned. Consul of the United States of 
 America, for Rio do Janeiro and Dependencies, has the 
 honor to inform His Excellency, Don Aureliano de 
 Souza c Oliveira Coutinho, JNIinister of State, &c., &c., 
 that a Translation of his Excellency's Official Note of 
 the thirty-first ultimo, which the Minister has been 
 pleased to address to the undersigned, with the enclo- 
 sure, will be sent to the Commander of the United Slates 
 Naval Forces, upon this station, without loss of time, 
 agreeably to his Excellency's request ; and avails of this 
 occasion to renew to Don Aureliano de Souza e Oli- 
 veira Coutinho sincere sentiments of the highest conside- 
 ration and respect. 
 
 (Signed) JOHN MARTIN RAKER, 
 
 V-nited Sfotes Covsid. 
 
FOEM ESTABLISHED 
 
 To he observed, and signals to be made by Vessels 
 of War of Friendly Powers, vpon their sailing 
 out of the Harbour of Rio de Janeiro at sun- 
 set, or before the break of day. 
 
 Example of the notification, timely to be communi- 
 cated to the Officer commanding Fort Santa Cruz. 
 On board his Majesiifs ship Wellesley, nineteenth Sep- 
 
 icmhcr, 1825. 
 His Britanic Majesty's ship Blanche, intends to leave 
 the Harbour this evening after sunset, or some time 
 during tlie night, and will hoisl two lights perpendicu- 
 larly at the Mizen Peak, as a distinguishing signal to the 
 Fort. 
 
 (Signed) GEORGE EYRE, 
 
 Rear Admiral, Commander-in-Chief or Senior Officery 
 
 Commanding Ilis Majestif.t Ships and Vessels. 
 To THE Ofiicer Commandixg Fort Santa Truz. 
 
 [translation.] 
 
 His Majesty, the Emperor, having approved of the 
 method proposed by the Rear Admiial of the British 
 
117 
 
 Squadrorij an(^hored in this Harbour, oflicially communi- 
 cated by His Britanic Majesty's Consul General, Henry 
 Chamberlain, Esquire, and likewise by the Rear Admiral, 
 for notifying the Fort of Santa Cruz upon the Vessels 
 of War of His Britanic Majesty intending to sail out of 
 this Harbour at sunset, or during the night. His Ma- 
 jesty directs, through the Department of War, that this 
 communication be made to the Lieutenant-General and 
 Military Governor of this Court and Province, for his 
 information and observance in passing the necessary or- 
 ders for its due fulfilment. 
 (Signed) 
 
 JOAO VEIRA DE CARVALHO. 
 A True Copy : 
 (Signed) 
 
 LUIS DA COSTA 
 F. ALMEIDA. 
 Palace, September 23, 1825. 
 
 [copy.] 
 
 United States Consulate, 
 
 Rio be Janeiro, 
 August 5, 1834. 
 
 Commodore James Renshaw, 
 
 Commander-in-Chief of the United States 
 
 J\''aiial Forces on the Coast of Brazil. 
 Sir : I have the honour to communicate herewith 
 translation of a note addressed to me by His Excellency, 
 
118 
 
 the Minister of State and Secretary for Foreign Affairs, 
 under date tlie tliirty-first ultimo, accompanied with an 
 enclosure in English, copy of which is likewise herewith 
 enclosed ; which last is the form designated, of signals, 
 &c., for Vessels of War of Friendly Powers, to be 
 adopted upon their sailing from this Harbour at sunset, 
 or before the break of day. And which, at the request 
 of his Excellency, the Secretary of State, I have the 
 honour to communicate to you, sir, without loss of time. 
 I have the honour to be, sir, with respect, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 (Signed) JOHN M. BAKER, 
 
 United Stales Consul for 
 
 Rio de Janeiro and Dependencies. 
 
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