THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 PRESENTED BY 
 
 PROF. CHARLES A. KOFOID AND 
 MRS. PRUDENCE W. KOFOID 
 
 
a 
 PRACTICAL FORMULARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 PARISIAN HOSPITALS; 
 
 EXHIBITING THE 
 
 PRESCRIPTIONS EMPLOYED BY THE PHYSICIANS AND 
 SURGEONS OF THOSE ESTABLISHMENTS ; 
 
 WITH REMARKS 
 
 ILLUSTRATIVE OP THEIR DOSES, MODE OF ADMINISTRATION, 
 AND APPROPRIATE APPLICATION. 
 
 ALSO, 
 
 General Notices of each Hospital, the Diseases it especially receives, 
 and Medical Doctrines of the Practitioners who preside in it. 
 
 BY F. S. RATIER, M. D. 
 
 Doctor in Medicine of the Faculty of Paris, and Corresponding 
 Member of the Royal Medical Society of Bordeaux. 
 
 Translated from the Third Edition of the French, 
 WITH NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 
 
 BY R. D. M'LELLAN, M. D. 
 
 LICENTIATE OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS. 
 
 NEW- YORK : 
 C. S. FRANCIS 252 BROADWAY. 
 
 MUNROE AND FRANCIS- BOSTON. 
 
 1880, 
 
ntYton & Van Norden, Printers ; 
 4 William-street. 
 

 ANDREW DUNCAN, M. D., F.R.S. 
 
 PROFESSOR OF MATERIA MEDICA IN THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF EDINBURGH, &C. &C. 
 
 THE FOLLOWING TRANSLATION 
 
 IS KXSP1CTFVLLT IHSCBIBED, 
 BT 
 
 R, D, M'LELLAN. 
 
 
TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE. 
 
 THE following Work is chiefly practical ; 
 for its aim, as the Author has himself ex- 
 pressed it, is to exhibit a correct view of the 
 state of Medical Practice in Paris. What 
 may be considered by many readers as not 
 less interesting, it also contains sketches of 
 the different Hospitals in that City, pointing 
 out the class of diseases for which each of 
 them is set apart, and the opinions held by 
 the most eminent Practitioners. A Work of 
 this character has been hitherto a desidera- 
 tum, which the present volume is calculated 
 to supply. The Translator may express his 
 hope, that the work will be of some advan- 
 tage to the younger members of the Profes- 
 sion in this country, as it will acquaint them 
 with new modes of combining and applying 
 remedies, and with the results to which these 
 modes have in general led. It may be espe- 
 cially recommended to those Students who 
 have the prospect of attending the Medical 
 Schools of Paris ; for, without some such 
 
 i* 
 
vi TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE, 
 
 information as it affords as to the state of the 
 Hospitals and Clinical Courses, considerable 
 time may be lost in making proper arrange- 
 ments for the prosecution of their studies. 
 
 The FORMULAE, which, agreeably to the 
 custom of the French, are given in their own 
 language, have been rendered into Latin, in 
 accordance with the usual practice of pre- 
 scribing in this country. 
 
 The NOTES, which it has been thought 
 necessary to add, have been placed at the 
 foot of the pages to which they refer, an 
 arrangement more convenient for the reader, 
 than to have thrown them into an Appendix 
 at the end of the volume. 
 
 The translator has only to add, that the 
 work of M. RATIEB. has reached a third edi- 
 tion, a proof of its utility, and the estima- 
 tion in which it is held on the Continent, 
 
 Edinburgh, IMhDer. 1829. 
 
AUTHOR'S NOTE. 
 
 WITHOUT attaching to this work more impor- 
 tance than it possesses, I yet flatter myself that 
 it has not been unattended with utility. In this 
 third edition, I have endeavoured to render it still 
 more complete, by making such additions and cor- 
 rections as the changes in regard to the Clinical 
 Courses, or the Regulations of the Hospitals, and 
 the uninterrupted advance of the Medical Art, 
 have rendered necessary. I have not sought, 
 however, to increase much the size of the Volume, 
 persuaded that apparent abundance conceals very 
 often a real poverty, which, far from benefiting 
 science, tends only to retard its progress. 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 IN most of the Hospitals of Paris, the Physi- 
 elans and Surgeons, in their prescriptions, em- 
 ploy conventional and abbreviated terms, which 
 not unfrequently embarrass those who follow 
 them at their visit. Eau Minerals, Eau Benite, 
 Julep Bechique, Julep Somnifere, are some of 
 the expressions in daily use, and of which it is 
 necessary to have the key. 
 
 It was the wish of the Administration* to have 
 established a general Formulary ; but finding a 
 difficulty in realizing such a project, which one 
 may easily conceive, the attempt was relinquish. 
 ed : for not only has each hospital its own For. 
 mulary, but each physician, besides, has made 
 some modifications in the formulae which he 
 employs, so as to render their recognition less 
 easy. It will, therefore, not be unacceptable 
 
 * This Administration consists of a commission of members ap- 
 pointed to manage and conduct the affairs of the hospitals, and which 
 siiraishes to a general council a quarterly report of the state of these 
 institution*. For an account of the system of hospital government, 
 see Dr, Johnstons'? work on the Public Charities in France.- 7Y. 
 
10 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 to find collected, in a portable volume, the dif- 
 ferent formulae expressed in practice by enig- 
 matical terms, and to be made acquainted at 
 the same time with their doses, and the mode 
 of their administration. 
 
 A copy, servilely taken from the different 
 formularies of the -hospitals, had been a work 
 as irksome as useiess, and for this reason I 
 have extracted from each, only its more inte- 
 resting parts, adding some notes furnished either 
 at the visits, the clinical courses, or from par- 
 ticular conversations with those gentlemen, 
 whom the just opinion of the public has placed 
 at the head of the profession. The notes, which 
 many of them have obligingly communicated 
 to me in writing, will impart to this work a 
 greater interest than those I could myself have 
 been able to offer ; because, on different points 
 of doctrine and practice, they are the positive 
 expression of their personal opinion. 
 
 As they are now, in general, greatly simpli- 
 fied, much analogy will be found among the 
 medicinal prescriptions. It will be seen, how- 
 ever> that the modifications in the doses, the 
 combinations, and the manner of administering 
 the medicines, form the characteristic lines in 
 the practice of each individual. 
 
 Is it to the new physiological doctrine,* that 
 
 * It is almost unnecessary to remark, that this alludes to the phy- 
 siological doctrines of Broussais, which have spread so extensively in 
 France, and which, among the more ardent of his disciples, have pro 
 cured their author the title of Pere de la Medccine Modcrne- Al- 
 though the doctrine share the common fault of being too general ir 
 }J8 demands, it has perhaps effected a beneficial change on the th*. 
 a^ur O f ^3 F r6n eh practice. TV- 
 
INTRODUCTION. 1 1 
 
 we ought to attribute the simplicity that we ob- 
 serve in the treatment of disease ; or has the 
 medical constitution undergone a change, as 
 some physicians have imagined, more especially 
 MM. Jadelot, Laennec, and Cayol ; and have 
 inflammations of the first passages become 
 more frequent, while the number of A dynamic 
 and Ataxic Fevers have considerably diminish- 
 ed ? It is certainly true, and the registers of 
 medical observations would furnish sufficient 
 proof, that we more rarely encounter these low 
 and malignant fevers, since we have restricted 
 much the use of emetics, purgatives, and tonics 
 of every kind, and that much importance is now 
 attached to inflammations of the alimentary 
 canal. 
 
 The present Formulary, entirely different 
 from those that have already appeared, will fur- 
 nish, I hope, an exact guide to the students who 
 attend the clinical courses in our hospitals, and 
 to foreigners who desire to have a precise re- 
 port of the practice, pursued by the physicians 
 who conduct them. To render it of still farther 
 advantage to those who may have left the hos- 
 pitals, I have inserted the pharmaceutical com- 
 pounds which these physicians are in the habit 
 of employing in their private practice, with the 
 remedies recently discovered by the rapid ad- 
 vance of chemistry, as Emetine, Morphine, the 
 Salts of Quinine, Iodine, &c. I have profited 
 also by the kindness of some distinguished 
 practitioners, not connected with the hospitals, 
 who have favoured me with formulae of remedies,, 
 
12 INTRODUCTION, 
 
 which, from experience, they have been led to 
 esteem. Under the title, lastly, of General 
 Observations, I have given succinctly some de- 
 tails on each hospital, in particular, on the na- 
 ture of the affections to which it is appropria- 
 ted, and on the doctrines of the medical gentle- 
 men who direct it. 
 
 As all the hospitals do not present the same 
 interest, I have assigned them an unequal place, 
 directing attention to what each, in virtue of its 
 special character, may offer as curious or re- 
 markable. I have indicated but once the pre- 
 parations which are the same, or nearly the 
 same, in all, and have omitted those which, 
 being the result of a temporary purpose, are 
 not established by general usage. These for- 
 mulae, besides being announced in full at the 
 bed of the patient, can be copied at the mo- 
 ment, as well as any modifications in the for- 
 mulae already known. 
 
 Of the great number of Formularies which 
 exist, none have been so adapted to their object 
 as to be of much service, excepting that of the 
 Venereal Hospital, published in 1816, but which 
 has since undergone many changes. The or- 
 der I have followed in this, I have not deemed 
 of much importance. I have been obliged, in- 
 deed, to refer to an Appendix, several formulae, 
 that I was unable till late to obtain ; but the 
 alphabetical table will serve to facilitate the re- 
 ferences. In the article entitled POSOLOGY 
 will be found indicated in general the doses of 
 the simple and compound medicines. I have 
 
INTRODUCTION. 18 
 
 expressed the quantities in medical weights, 
 which alone are employed by physicians : the 
 decimal weights are adopted only ift the ac- 
 counts rendered by the head pharmacians. I 
 have not used the Latin translation, which has 
 been adopted in some, similar works, since it is 
 the general custom to prescribe in French. 
 
 From the nature of this work, I am restrained 
 in the office of historian ; but while, in conse- 
 quence, I ought to deny myself the expression 
 of my personal option, in regard to the reme- 
 dies, the composition and applications of which 
 I do not approve, I ought also to be freed from 
 all responsibility, except in so far as the accu- 
 racy of the facts is concerned. It is my duty, 
 I believe, to insist on this declaration, as an an- 
 swer to a malevolent criticism addressed to me 
 at the time of the first edition. The physicians 
 and surgeons of the hospitals, whose pupil I am 
 proud to have been, will perceive, I trust, in this 
 work an homage paid to their talents, and a 
 grateful testimony for the counsel they were 
 ever so willing to accord me. 
 
 Among the notes, I have carefully indicated 
 and preserved in their order, those sent to me, 
 by several gentlemen, in writing. In the others, 
 I have often considered each hospital individu- 
 ally, except when the prescription, common to 
 all the physicians of the same establishment, 
 receives from any of them a particular appli- 
 cation. 
 
 This RECUEIL, which at first sight may seem 
 but a simple compilation, has exacted, however, 
 2 
 
14 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 more labour and research than will readily be 
 believed. May it be received with indulgence 
 by those who appreciate a work less for its bril- 
 liancy, than for its real utility ! 
 
 My object has been to present, in some de- 
 gree, the state of the medical practice in the 
 hospitals of Paris, though I dare not flatter 
 myself in having attained it. 
 
GENERAL OBSERVATIONS 
 
 ON 
 
 THE HOSPITALS. 
 
 THROUGH the care of a benevolent administration, 
 the Hospitals of Paris, designed originally as asylums 
 for misfortune arid suffering, have become the centre 
 of solid medical instruction. Clinical schools are 
 formed on every hand, under the auspices of the most 
 celebrated men, from whose lessons studious youth 
 seek instruction with ardour. Each is seen using to 
 advantage the position in which he is placed, direct- 
 ing his efforts towards a point which he illustrates 
 by ingenious experiments and persevering research, 
 and thus powerfully concurring to aid the progress 
 of science and of art. 
 
 Pathological anatomy, cultivated with a zeal equal 
 to its success, reveals to the physician both the seat 
 and causes of disease, and suggests to him new 
 modes of treatment, or, at least, (which is a high 
 advantage,) points out to him the affections against 
 which he ought to stay his attempts, and restrict 
 himself to a palliative treatment. The Administra- 
 tion publishes annually a Medica] RECUEIL,* the 
 
 * This Recueil has yet appeared only once ; but the causes that 
 have interrupted its publication are now removed, and this excellent 
 work, it is to be hoped, will be regularly continued, (a) 
 
 (a) Such was the hope in 1825, the date of the first edition of thi. 
 Formulary. Since then, however, there hat been no publication. 
 
36 OBSERVATIONS ON HOSPITALS. 
 
 result of observations made in all the hospitals ; and 
 it encourages, by honourable rewards, those of the 
 pupils who distinguish themselves by their assiduity 
 and zeal.* It is by these means that the Parisian 
 hospitals have produced so many men who occupy 
 now a distinguished place in the medical world, and 
 of whom a great number now sit, or may aspire to 
 sit, in the chairs of the different faculties of France. 
 It was on proceeding from the hospitals of the metro- 
 polis, that Professors Delpech, Lallemand, and *Du- 
 ges, were preferred to the charge of public instruc- 
 tion, by the medical faculty of Montpellier. 
 
 The numerous and useful changes made in the 
 interior arrangements of the hospitals the intro- 
 duction into most of them of suitable apparatus, to 
 administer fumigations, and every variety of baths, 
 and the public consultations, by which a great 
 number of the sick are attended at their own homes, 
 attest the active solicitude of the Administration for 
 the relief of humanity, and the advancement of medi- 
 cine, and place the Parisian hospitals in the first rank 
 among their kindred institutions. . 
 
 Although all the hospitals present certainly a field 
 
 * Into the French hospitals is admitted a body of young men, divi- 
 ded into two classes, viz* Eleves Ezternes, and Eleves Internes. 
 They are elected by (Concours) comparative examination, which is 
 equally open to foreigners as to the native students. The number of 
 Eleves Externes in Paris is 150, who are annually distributed among 
 the different hospi-aJs, as th<iir service? may be required. They are 
 subordinate to th EIo"es 'nt?r -iv n-hose duties, though much more 
 extensive, resemble, in SOIBH Oc^.eo, ihose of the house cler'ts of our 
 hospitals- To aspire to the K.t.e; office, the candidate must have 
 served at least one year in the capacity of extsrne. The El/we In- 
 terne resides in the hospital, and receives a >ftlary of 500 francs. 
 The term of the Extemat is three years, thai of the Internal two 
 years. A report every six months is made to the Administration of 
 the conduct of the Eleves, and prizes, consisting of medals or books, 
 are annually distributed to those who have been distinguished for in- 
 telligence and zeal- Arrete du Conseil ge .ral des Hospices, 1802, 
 Chap. VI. Art. 105. The advantages afforded by this system to th 
 student of medicine are too obvious to be pointed out. Tr. 
 
HOTEL-DIEF. 17 
 
 
 
 of instruction, some of them, however, from their ex- 
 tent, their situation, or the clinical schools that are 
 organized in them, merit, both from students and 
 strangers, a more special attention. 
 
 HOTEL-DIEU. 
 
 The Hotel-Dieu, the most ancient, and the most 
 extensive of all the hospitals of Paris, is also the most 
 important, in respect to the course of clinical tui- 
 tion, of which it is the centre. This hospital, where 
 formerly diseases of every kind were received and 
 heaped indiscriminately together,* is now solely 
 appropriated to acute disorders, whether internal or 
 external. Patients labouring under special affections, 
 as Psora, Porrigo, Syphilis, and Alienations of Mind, 
 are disposed of in the hospitals expressly assigned for 
 them. 
 
 The surgical service, confided to the care of MM. 
 Dupuytren, Sanson, and Breschet, is divided among 
 them ; though the greater part of it falls to the share 
 of M. Dupuytren, The duty, which he discharges 
 with a zeal and punctuality difficult to conceive, 
 consists of a daily visit, morning and evening, gra- 
 tuitous consultations, surgical operations, and clini- 
 cal lectures. I know of nothing more fitted to afford 
 a just idea of the practice and opinions of this illustri- 
 ous surgeon, than the notes with which he has so 
 obligingly furnished me. 
 
 " The removal of the houses in the vicinity of the 
 
 * It was not uncommon for six patients to be crowded in one bed* 
 In the Hotel-Diou at Lyons, Mr- Howard, in his visit in 1775, found 
 two patients in many of the beds, and not one window open the me- 
 dical gentlemen, he observes, as well as the charitable sisters, (Saurs 
 de ChariU^ being prejudiced against the free circulation of air. In 
 some hospitals also of this country, there was at one time permitted 
 a plurality of patients in the same bed Tr. 
 
 2* 
 
18 HOTEL-DIEU. 
 
 H6tel-Dieu, the exposure of this building 1 to a free 
 circulation of air, the suppression of wards deemed 
 insalubrious, the improvement of others by redu- 
 cing the number of beds, and extending the windows 
 nearly to the floor, ?endii!g co other establishments 
 the insane, the old and infirm, lying-in women, and 
 those affected with contagious 01 cuianeous diseases, 
 the choice and abundance of every thing requisite 
 for bed-clotning, dressings, aliments, an.l medicines, 
 with the order and regularity established in all the 
 services, have made the Kotel-Dieu one of the most 
 healthy hospitals of the capital. The sight and smell 
 are no longer offended as formerly. The adynamic 
 fevers are scarcely now met with, which a concen- 
 trated atmosphere, charged with putrid miasm, used 
 to develope in such numbers, that corrupted hospital 
 air is not now generated ; and M. Dupuytren has 
 oftener than once been obliged to close his course of 
 clinical surgery without being able to offer to his stu- 
 dents one example of that fever. The operation of 
 the Trepan, practised in cases where its necessity 
 is indicated, and in circumstances not beyond all re- 
 source, succeeds as well as other operations, and its 
 occasional failure is to be imputed to analogous rea- 
 sons. 
 
 " On the other hand, and probably from the effect 
 of the care taken to facilitate the access of air into 
 the hospital, to renew it, and promote its circulation 
 through the wards, we observe now a great number 
 of inflammatory affections ;* so that, in avoiding 
 one evil, we have necessarily fallen, as it were, into 
 
 * As bearing some reference to the causes assigned by M. Dupuytren 
 for the increase of inflammatory diseases, it may be mentioned, that s 
 in the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, it has been observed that 
 catarrhal affections are very common among recently admitted pa- 
 tients, the consequence, in all probability, of their remov al from theif 
 own close and heated homes into the cooler air of an hotpital 
 
HOTEL-DIET;. 19 
 
 another. If, in fact, we do not find any longer the 
 putrid and malignant fevers, an offensive atmosphere, 
 &c< we find Pleuritis, Pneumonia, and Peritonitis, 
 which last are the causes of death in the majority of 
 patients, who sink in the surgical wards. All the 
 bodies of th^e-who have died for six years past in 
 these wards have been opened without one excep- 
 tion, and we have been able to convince ourselves 
 that, as Desault often affirmed, without being able 
 to furnish the proof, the most of those who die 
 during the treatment of surgical maladies, sink from 
 internal inflammations, which, in general, are to the 
 number of two, three, or four, in the same subject. 
 
 " This circumstance has not been unattended to 
 in the treatment of surgical diseases. Diluents and 
 refrigerants have taken, in almost all cases, the place 
 of tonics. The use of the lancet and leeches has 
 superseded that of excitants and stimulants. Among 
 nearly three thousand patients who ar^ received and 
 treated annually in the surgical wards, scarcely one 
 pound of cinchona is administered internally, while 
 a few pounds serve for external use. 
 
 " Fractures are almost all treated by position ;* 
 some, such as those of the neck of the femur, and 
 neck of the humerus, by this method alone ; others 
 by position, assisted by apparatus intended rather to 
 prevent the movements than to act with force upon 
 the limbs. Continual extension is not had recourse 
 to in any case. The frightful machinery for the re- 
 duction of fractures and luxations has been banish- 
 
 * At the hospital of the Garde Royale, rather a singular method 
 has been adopted by Baron Larrey, in regard to the treatment of com- 
 pound fractures. The limb, in a "state of extension, is allowed to re- 
 main in the bandages, as at first applied, for a period of forty, fifty, 
 or even sixty days. This practice, it seems, has been very successful, 
 and has not, as might be feared, been attended with any injurious 
 results. For some interesting cases illustrative of Baron Larrcy's 
 'reatment, see "La Cliniguc dcs Hopitauv," 1828, Vol. II TV- 
 
20 HOTEL-DIEU. 
 
 ed, and has given place to milder methods. Cases 
 of Hernia are subjected to operation on the admission 
 of the patients. The operations for Cataract are 
 performed by depression, and at the bed of the pa- 
 tients, by which is obviated the inconvenience of 
 their removal after the operation. 
 
 " The mortality is reduced, in a common year, 
 to 1 in 18, 19, and 20. The operation for Stone 
 is successful in | of the cases ; the operation for 
 Hernia in J ; that for Cataract in 1 ; that for Fistula 
 Lachrymalis, by the introduction of the gold or 
 platinum canula, in 19." (JVbfe communicated by 
 Professor Dupiiytren.) 
 
 Intrusted with separate charge, MM Breschet 
 and Sanson, independently of the visits, give courses 
 on different clinical branches, and ably support the 
 exertions of their distinguished colleague. When 
 different methods of treatment come to be proposed 
 for the same affection, each of the surgeons adopts 
 one of them specially, in or.'er to establish a com- 
 parative test of their efficacy. Thus, in the opera- 
 tion of Lithotomy, M. Dupuytren operates by the 
 Bi -lateral method,* M. Breschet by the Lateral, and 
 M. Sansori by the Recto- vesical. 
 
 formed by M. Dupuy- 
 three, four, or five 
 
 * The bi-lateral or transverse operation, as per 
 
 tren, consists in a semicircular incision, made tree, our, or ve 
 lines before the anus, according to circumstances, and extending 
 from left to right parallel to the circumference of the anus. The 
 urethra is opened, and the lithotome introduced as in 'he Interal 
 operation. The lithotome used by M. Dupuytren is constructed with 
 a double blade. As an advantage of this operation., ii is said, that 
 while equal space is afforded, there is less hazard of wounding the 
 pudic arteries. In the recto vesical method, the index finger of the 
 left hand is introduced into the rectum, serving as the director to the 
 blade of a straight bislovry. At one stroke an incision is then made 
 from behind forwards, in the direction of the raphe. and embracing 
 about an inch equally of the intest- ie and of theruphe. The prostate 
 gland is then felt, with the membranous portion of the urethra and 
 the catheter. 
 
 The high operation has, for the last two years, been practised in 
 
HOTEL-I>IEU. 21 
 
 Beside* the course of clinical surgery, there is 
 also at the H&tel-Dieu a course of clinical medicine, 
 which the physicians of the establishment, each 
 quarter, alternately conduct. The physicians are 
 MM. Recamier,* Petit, Husson, Gueneau deMussy, 
 Boue, de Montaigu, and Geoffroy. 
 
 M. Recamier, one of the most zealous practitioners 
 of the capital, is remarkable for the sagacity he evin- 
 ces in recognising diseases, and their different com- 
 plications ; for the accuracy of his prognostic, and for 
 the ability with which he manages the infinitely va- 
 ried resources of the materia medica. In the midst 
 of systems, rapidly succeeding each other in medi- 
 cine, he gives to none of them an absolute preference, 
 but borrows from each what his own judgment ap- 
 proves, or so far as it may promise to confer some ad- 
 vantage. Passing alternately from an ' expecting'^ 
 
 Paris by MM. Souberbielle and Bougon, and excited much discussion 
 as a question of operative surgery. By means of a syphon, com- 
 posed of two elastic Bounds of unequal size, the one being intended to 
 enter the other, M. Souberbielle affirms that he can always succeed 
 in preventing the escape of the urine by the wound, the chief objection 
 against the operation This fact, however, has been disputed by M. 
 Amussat, a gentleman well known for his attention to the anatomy 
 and diseases ef the urinary organs. 
 
 The Lithotrite of M. Civiale, an instrument invented for the pur- 
 pose of extracting calculi by the urethra, and rendering recourse to 
 the common operations less seldom necessary, has not yet been em- 
 ployed in any of the hospitals. In 1828, while the Translator was 
 in Paris, M. Civiale had used this instrument in 30 different cases, in 
 25 of which, by the report given, he was successful. The remaining 
 five were still under treatment. Some alterations have since been 
 made on the Lithotrite of Civiale by M. le Baroa Heurteloup, who 
 is now on a visit to this country to exhibit his improved instrument, 
 and its modus operandi ; and who has lately used it in London 
 with considerable success. For farther information on the subject of 
 Litbotrity, the reader is referred to two papers in the Lancet. Nos. 
 317, 320. TV. 
 
 * Since the new organization of the Papulty, M. Recamier is Pro- 
 fessor of Clinical Medicine in the School of Medicine, and no longer 
 of that founded by the Administration. 
 
 t The practice, of which this tefc expresses the character, has not 
 unfrequently been brought forward in accusation against the French, 
 to whom, perhaps, it is more neowiar-than to ourselves, The epithe'; 
 
22 HOTEL-DIEU. 
 
 practice to the most energetic, he leaves in great' 
 embarrassment those who would form an exact idea, 
 of his doctrine. Like all the other physicians of the 
 hospitals, he devotes himself to researches in patho- 
 logical anatomy, and materia medica, by which he 
 has not a little contributed to the progress of science. 
 M. Recamieris at present engaged with some inqui- 
 ries on the treatment of cancer, by means of compres- 
 sion. He denies the existence of a primitive cancer- 
 ous virus, and thinks that cancer is, at first, but a local 
 affection, and that there i& no general contamination, 
 until the products of the degenerated part, imbibed 
 by the absorbents, are conveyed into the circulating 
 current! Setting out on this principle, he seeks the 
 reduction of cancerous tumours. b\ compressingtnera 
 by means which he varies according to the seat of the 
 affection. He treats in this way cancer of the mam- 
 ma, the uterus, and the mouth. When there is ul- 
 ceration and cancerous vegetations, to compression 
 he conjoins the cautery, using the nitrate of mercu- 
 ry dissolved in the nitric or nitro-muriatic acids. 
 His agent of compression is eommonlv the agaric cut 
 into disks, and disposed in cuneiform or elongated 
 plugs, which are then placed between the folds of a 
 bandage. He proceeds even to remove, by ligature 
 or excision, the carcinomatous growths which op- 
 pose the application of a compressing bandage. M. 
 Recamier speaks with enthusiasm of the good effects 
 of this treatment. 
 
 Of the opinions of the other physicians of the H6- 
 tel-Dieu, it is easier to give an outline, since they are 
 
 denotes that practice in which the physician, trusting to the conserva- 
 tive powers of nature, is con ent to watch her movements, and ab- 
 stain from interfering with officious aid. In cases where the indica- 
 tion is not clear, this course is pretty generally followed, and if too 
 much be not expected at the hands of Nature, the error, if there b 
 one, has at le&etthe merit of leaning to the safer side. Tr 
 
HOSPITAL OF LA PITIE. 23 
 
 divided, though unequally, between the ancient me- 
 dical doctrine and that which appears to be supplant- 
 ing it. MM. de Montaigu, Petit, Boue, and Geoffroy, 
 seem on one side to have retained in their practice 
 the old ideas in regard to the humoral doctrine, and 
 the opinions of Brown on the use of stimulants and 
 tonics; arid they support themselves by theories 
 more or less plausible, and by a show of their prac- 
 tical results. M. Hussou, on the other hand, adopt- 
 ing the principles of the leader of physiological me- 
 dicine, appears even to go beyond the limits origi- 
 nally prescribed by their author. Employing, in al- 
 most all cases, local or general blood-letting, demul- 
 cents, diluents, and baths, with a strict attention to 
 diet, he includes, in a complete proscription, the 
 most of the other therapeutic agents, and success has 
 confirmed him in that practice, which he has now 
 followed for several years.* 
 
 HOSPITAL OF LAPITIE.f 
 
 This house is supplementary, in some measure, to 
 the H6tel-Dieu and Venereal Hospital To it are 
 sent convalescents, and those patients who, afflicted 
 with chronic complaints, wait there, till permanently 
 
 * Such was the practice of M. Husson when the first edition of thig 
 work was published- Since that time he has been led to adopt par- 
 tially the doctrine of contra-stimulism. 
 
 t It is only at the Hospital of La Piti6 that opportunities have ai 
 yet betn afforded of witnessing the excision of the neck of the uterus. 
 In 1828, M Listranc stated to the Royal Academy of Medicme, that 
 be had performed this operation on 36 individuals for cancer uteri- 
 Of that number 30 were then well, three dead, and three in progress 
 of recovery One female, operated on some years before, had since 
 become pregnant, and' recently given birth to twins. Lately Ht the 
 Hotel-Dieu the entire uterus has been removed by M Rccamier; and 
 in September last, this formidable operation was performed at La 
 Charite by M. Roux. The patient died 24 houri after the opera- 
 tion. Tr. 
 
ti4 HOSPITAL OF LA PITIK. 
 
 placed in some hospice. One division is reserved 
 for female prostitutes affected with syphilis. The 
 service of this is altogether distinct from the rest of 
 the establishment, of which the chief surgeon is M. 
 Lisfranc de Saint Martin, who has succeeded the 
 learned and laborious Beclard, and who shows no 
 less zeal for the progress of surgery. We are indebt- 
 ed to M. Lisfranc for having demonstrated, that in 
 many cases where cutting instruments were former- 
 ly employed, medical treatment may restore the pa- 
 tients to health, and preserve the organs of which 
 too great a predilection for operative surgery would 
 have deprived them. He has been among the first 
 to introduce the physiological doctrine into surgery, 
 and to show that many of the affections called sur- 
 gical depend on chronic inflammations, reducible by 
 the antiphlogistic treatment.* 
 
 * Connected with La Pitie, and under the Administration des Ho- 
 pitaux, is the great public establishment for practical anatomy. The 
 officers attached to it are a Chef des Travauz Anatomiques^ (M. 
 Serres,) and two Prosecteurs- It is understood that they give occa- 
 sional lectures and demonstrations, a part of their duty, however, that 
 is not very punctually performed The Prosecteurs also personally 
 superintend the rooms, and communicate any information the students 
 may require. 
 
 The Amphitheatres of La Pitie are supplied with subjects chiefly 
 from the hospitals of H6tel-I)ieu and La Sdlpetriere. In the disposal 
 of the subjects, the following order is observed : To the chef des tre- 
 
 siuueiiis. r-iucii interne aim exierue is anoweu one suojeci a. ween, 
 for which they pay three francs, whether the body be opened or not. 
 The students are supplied with subjects according as they stand on a 
 list, on which their names are entered. The price of an unopened 
 subject to the student is six francs, and three francs if opened. The 
 prosecteurs, it would seem, are not closely restricted in the number of 
 bodies, and from this have taken an opportunity to give private courses 
 of dissection. The term of these courses is monthly, a very con- 
 venient arrangement for those whose time may be limited. Four are 
 required to occupy a table, each of whom pays 25 francs to the pro- 
 secteur, who furnishes them with the room, table, and four unopened 
 subjects. There is a suite of four or five private rooms at La Pitie, 
 which are used for this purpose, and to a foreigner, at least, it is cer- 
 tainly the preferable mode of prosecuting bis anatomical studies in 
 
HOSPITAL OF LA CHARITE. 4 
 
 The physicians of La Pitie are Dr. Series, known 
 by some curious works on general and pathological 
 anatomy, and experimental physiology, and Dr. 
 Bally, who has directed his researches to different 
 subjects of materia medica and therapeutics. The 
 observations of M. Bally have been consigned to 
 different periodical works, and in this Formulary 
 will be found the results that may be likely to interest 
 the reader. 
 
 HOSPITAL OF LA CHARIT^. 
 
 This hospital, considerably enlarged, and newly 
 provided with the apparatus necessary for all the 
 varieties of baths and fumigations, is considered as 
 the second hospital of Paris. The service of the 
 
 Paris. The prosecteur, as may be supposed, is more attentive to his 
 own private courses, and more ready, when there is occasion, to di- 
 rect or explain. 
 
 The only other public establishment in Paris for dissection is the 
 Ecole Pratique^ which is under the control of the School of Medicine. 
 It is supplied wiih subjects from La Charite, the Bicetre, and Hospice 
 de Perfectionnement There is also here a Chef des Travaux JJna- 
 tomiques, (M. Breschet,) six Prosecteurs, and a number of Elevcs, 
 all of whom have a preference ove,r the students. Foreigners are not 
 admitted to the Ecole Pratique, unelss they inscribe, although this 
 rule is not always strictly enforced. The sum paid for a subject is 
 ten francs. The Ecole Pratique being in the close vicinity of the 
 School of Medicine, is extremely convenient for those who attend trie 
 lectures given there, and is less distant also than La Pitie from the two 
 great hospitals of La Charite and Hotel- Dieu 
 
 While speaking of La Pitie and the Ecole Pratique, it would be 
 improper not to notice the courses of surgical operations given at both 
 these places. At the former, M. Lisfranc gives two courses annually, 
 and the prosecteurs give shorter ones, as often as a sufficient number 
 of students is collected to form a class. The student sees each opera- 
 tion performed before him, and has an opportunity of performing it 
 twice himself. The fee for a course is generally 25 francs. None 
 who duly appreciate the advantages of practical proficiency can doubt 
 the importance of this branch of surgical education, a branch which 
 lias contributed much to the merited celebrity of the French surgeons, 
 but which, from various causes, has been, and we fear will continue 
 to be. impracticable in this country. Tr- 
 3 
 
36 HOSPITAL OF LA CHARITE. 
 
 surgical wards is confided to the care of MM. the 
 Professors Boyer and Roux, appointed by the Fa- 
 culty of Medicine, the one to the lectures on clini- 
 cal surgery, the other, to the course of operative 
 medicine. The physicians are MM. Fouquier and 
 Lerminier. M. Chomel, to whom belongs the duty 
 of one of the clinical wards and the gratuitous con- 
 sultation, is at present relieved by the temporary 
 substitution of M. Rayer, a gentleman well known 
 to the public by his valuable work on the Diseases 
 of the Skin.* 
 
 M. Fouquier, since the renewal of the faculty 
 has called him to the chair of medical pathology, 
 does not, properly speaking, give any longer clinical 
 lectures, b<it he continues to explain at the bed-side 
 of each patient the causes and symptoms of his dis- 
 ease, to Deliver the diagnosis and prognosis, and to 
 indicate the motives and ground of treatment. 
 
 M. Fouquier, whose lectures are numerously at- 
 tended, exhibits in his practice that prudent tempori- 
 sing, which leaves something to the conservative ef- 
 forts of nature, while he shows, too, that prompt deci- 
 sion which checks or modifies any vicious^ tendency, 
 and rescues the patient from danger, or from certain 
 death. In his prognosis, he is extremely guarded, 
 never stating it till after a, mature examination, a 
 rule which also very generally insures the accuracy 
 of his diagnosis. Far from seeking to dazzle by a 
 pretended perspicacity which would divine, as it 
 were, at a glance, the nature of disease, he instructs 
 his pupils, on the contrary, to bestow in the investi- 
 gation of disease that minute attention, and prudent 
 delay, which conduct us either to positive results, 
 or at least enable us to avoid those errors which 
 
 * Traite theorique at pratique des Maladies de la Peau, fonde sur 
 de nouvelles recherches d'anatomie et de physiologie paihologiques. 
 Paris, 1626-27. 2 roll, in 80, avec de tres-belles planches colorieci- 
 
HOSPITAL OP LA CHARITE. %1 
 
 compromise the dignity of the art. His application 
 of therapeutics is simple and rational, and if he some- 
 times gives way to experiment, it is with that cau- 
 tion, which a sense of honour, and the responsibility 
 resting on the physician, always impose. 
 
 An absolute stranger to the spirit of systems, and 
 following the path traced by observation and experi- 
 ment, it is long since M. Fouquier has marked, in 
 his practical courses, the frequency of inflammations, 
 and the necessity of insisting on the antiphlogi&tic 
 treatment, even after they have passed into the 
 chronic state. He had also taught that the essential 
 fevers of the ancients were very often the symptoms 
 of an unsuspected inflammation, though he believes, 
 however, that essential fevers exist, that is to say, 
 fevers in which the state of excitement is general, 
 and does not manifest itself in any part so predomi- 
 nantly as to be considered the local cause of that 
 phenomenon. It is long also since he stood forth 
 against the abuse , of tonics and stimulants in the 
 treatment of acute diseases : he does not believe, 
 however, that the gangrenous inflammation of the in- 
 testines and skin, which manifests itself in the adyna- 
 mic fever, and in anthrax, is of the same nature, and 
 claims the same curative means, as the free inflamma- 
 tion of the same parts which constitues dysentery 
 and erysipelas. 
 
 In many diseases, M. Fouquier follows a particu- 
 lar method: in the colica pictonum, for example, 
 he has thought it proper to leave the common path, 
 and has instituted a treatment, the efficacy of which 
 long experience has demonstrated. In some of the 
 hospitals, several of his colleagues have pursued a 
 similar course. Acute rheumatism he considers as 
 an inflammation, and treats it accordingly ; but he 
 prefers the application of leeches and cataplasms*, 
 aided by slightly diaphoretic drinks, and tepid bathe, 
 to the detraction of blood from the veins, which i& 
 
28 HOSPITAL OF LA CHARITE. 
 
 cluces, in his opinion, a tedious convalescence. This 
 method has frequently succeeded with him against 
 chronic rheumatism of the joints, in which a kind 
 of anchylosis had taken place. In the neuralgias* 
 he, in general, directs at first the detraction of blood 
 either from the veins or capillaries, which he follows 
 with blisters, applied, not (as Cotugno advises) 
 along the course of the affected nerve, but on the 
 opposite part of the limb. 
 
 The number of nervous diseases, so considerable to 
 those who observe superficially, is much diminished 
 by the practitioner who seeks, as far as possible, to 
 attach each series of symptoms to the lesion of some 
 organ. In spite, however, of the reduction thus 
 made, the affections to which we are forced to apply 
 the appellation of nervous, are still sufficiently nu- 
 merous. M. Fouquier admits the existence of diseases 
 purely nervous, in other words, in which our means 
 of investigation have not, hitherto, discovered any 
 material lesion to which we can connect them. This 
 opinion he professes relative to asthma, which, by 
 M. Rostan of La Salpetriere, is regarded as depend- 
 ing on aneurism of the heart. 
 
 It is in the treatment of nervous diseases, such as 
 epilepsy, hysteria, and hypochondriasis, that he 
 makes trial of the extracts of the virose plants, as 
 hyosciamus, belladonna, lactuca virosa, &,c. ; and 
 some substances less known, as the distilled. water 
 of the lauro-cerisus, and the hydrocyanic acid. 
 
 The hydropic diseases M. Fouquier has made the 
 subject of particular study, arid he has entered into 
 many researches on the action of diuretics, of which, 
 it may be here stated, without anticipating what M. 
 
 * This term has been applied by Professor Chaussier to that 
 order of diseases comprehending the painful affections of nerves. 
 
IIO-SFLTAL OF LA CHARITE. 2 
 
 Fouquier may hereafter intend to publish, he has car- 
 ried the doses much farther than the generality of 
 practitioners. More recently, after the experiments 
 of Dr. Segalas, he has tried the uree, respecting 
 which he has remarked a very energetic action on 
 the mechanism of the urinary secretion. 
 
 With regard to the venereal disease, M. Fouquier 
 professes no peculiar opinion : He employs in gene- 
 ral, after having combated all the local symptoms, 
 by the ordinary resources, the mercurial pill, without 
 the admixture of soap that enters into the pills of 
 Sidillot ;* he administers, too, the liquor of Van 
 Swieten, and concurs with M. Cullerier in thinking, 
 that the statements made against this medicine are 
 unfounded. He disbelieves, especially, that it tends 
 to produce pulmonary phthisis, or that it hastens the 
 developement of that disease in the subjects that are 
 predisposed to it. 
 
 The original predisposition to tuberculous or can- 
 cerous affections, has been the subject of numerous 
 controversies. M. Fouquier admits the existence 
 of this predisposition, though it may be possible to 
 escape it, and that the diseases to which it usually 
 leads can, in general, arise from accidental causes. 
 
 In the aneurisms of the heart and large vessels, his 
 treatment consists in local or general blood-letting. 
 He has recourse more commonly to the latter, in or- 
 der to reduce the vascular system, and he repeats it 
 according to the facility with which the loss of blood 
 is repaired. He continues this remedy through the 
 
 * The mercurial pill here alluded to is formed of what the French 
 rm Conguent Napolitain, which consists of equal parts of mercurj 
 
30 HOSPITAL OF LA (JHARITE. 
 
 whole term of the disease, and has often seen vene- 
 section restore, so to speak, patients nearly on the 
 point of suffocation. These evacuations, far from 
 favouring the increase of the symptomatic anasarca, 
 seem, on the contrary, to facilitate the absorption 
 of the effused fluids, and to promote the action of 
 diuretics. When this resolution is long of taking 
 place, and the distension of the skin is considerable, 
 M. Fouquier makes several punctures with a lancet 
 sufficiently deep to reach the web of the cellular tis- 
 sue, which procures a rapid diminution of the swelling, 
 Long experience has assured him that there is no 
 reason to apprehend gangrene, as some authors 
 have affirmed, but he considers it indispensable to 
 divide the skin completely, in place of dividing 
 merely the epidermis. To these means he conjoins a 
 low regimen, diuretics to arrest the progress of in- 
 filtration, and, finally, some preparations of squill 
 and digitalis, which are considered both as diuretics, 
 and as fitted, by acting on the sensibility of the. 
 heart, to diminish the energy of its contractions 
 
 It is to be regretted that M. Fonquier, from the 
 pressure of his public duties, and extensive practice, 
 has as yet published only a very few memoirs. To 
 those, however, who attend clinical lectures, he has 
 made known the results of his labours on different 
 points of practical medicine, and of his researches on 
 several medicinal substances, on the mix vomica, ace- 
 tate of lead, the extracts of hemlock, belladonna, 
 hyosciamus, stramonium, lactuca virosa, rhus radi- 
 cans, the distilled water of the lauro -census, and 
 the prussic acid- researches of which some have been 
 already published, and others will shortly be present' 
 ed to the Royal Academy of Medicine. 
 
 The colleague of M, Fouquier, in the medical de-' 
 partment of the hospital, is M. Lerminier, to whom 
 I am indebted for the following note, in which a 
 general sketch of his medical views is presented. 
 
itospriAL OF LA CHAiUT 131 
 
 u 1 treat the continued fevers by simple diluents, so 
 long as no precise indication presents itself to fulfil. 
 If there exist an assemblage of inflammatory symp- 
 toms, and a plethoric habit, I prescribe general bleed- 
 ing, and if any part be threatened with congestions 
 of blood, I divert their formation by the application 
 of leeches. It is these various congestions which 
 engage especially my attention in the course offerers. 
 I have often, for example, placed leeches with advan- 
 tage on the neck or behind the ears, even at an ad. 
 vanced period of severe fevers, and when a state of 
 adynamia was well marked. 
 
 " Whenever diarrhoea is severe, I moderate or sus- 
 pend it by the application of leeches to the anus, 
 Often, after this, we see the stupor disappear, and the 
 powers revive. But when there exists a real ady- 
 namia, I have recourse to tonics, revulsives, &c., 
 and the aqueous infusion of quinquina is the prepa- 
 ration I commonly make use of. When I observe 
 that aggregate of symptoms denominated bilious, I 
 do not hesitate to employ emetics ; in abridging the 
 course of the malady, they are extremely useful. 
 
 " In intermittent fevers, I cannot but speak in 
 praise of the sulphate of quinine, except in a few ca- 
 ses where it appeared to me to occasion some acci- 
 dents in the nervous system. 
 
 " I combat acute rheumatism by genern ! bleedings, 
 which I frequently repeat, until the i; rlammatory 
 crust on the blood has entirely disappeared, or has 
 become less prominent. Leeches, in rheumatism, 
 alleviate greatly the pain in the part to which they 
 are applied, but we find it, at the same time, to re-ap- 
 pear elsewhere ; which is not the case in opening a 
 vein. . 
 
 " I have often promoted the resolution of certain 
 pulmonic inflammations which had a tendency to pass 
 into the chronic state, by substituting for simple de- 
 mulcents, light tonics, more particularly the decoc- 
 
&& HOSPICE DE LA 
 
 tion of polygala, and the lohochs of the Kernies? 
 mineral. 
 
 " In the metallic colics, I follow, in all its extent r 
 the old treatment of the Peres de la Charite,* and 
 have employed it with success, even in cases where 
 a febrile movement was distinctly marked." 
 
 HOSPICE DE LA CLINIQUE INTERNE.f 
 
 This hospice is set apart to the teaching of clini- 
 cal medicine, under the auspices of the Faculty of 
 Medicine. Two professors of the Faculty, MM 
 Cayol and Chomel, take the service by rotation. 
 Each, however, during the period in which he is 
 not officiating, continues to visit the wards, which 
 are always open to the students ; and who, there- 
 fore, can still reap instruction, from the observa- 
 tions made by the professors at the bed-side of each 
 patient. 
 
 M. Cayol seldom allows himself to substitute an 
 empirical for a rational treatment, if it be not in 
 very hopeless cases. He counts much on the natural 
 movements, preferring the expecting practice, and 
 never acting without a precise indication. He holds, 
 that a very great number of fevers ought to be viewed 
 as symptoms of a local lesion, though he believes 
 that essential fevers exist, that is to say, disorder 
 more or less considerable of the system, which has 
 not been preceded by any local affection. Such is 
 the doctrine which he professes, and which, with 
 
 * See the Formulary. 
 
 f What is here called Hospice de la Cliniqne Interne is not a 
 separate building, but constitutes a part of the Hospital of La 
 Charite. The name Hospice was originally confined to those houses 
 allotted as a refuge for the indigent and infirm, which were thut 
 analogous to our charity work-houses. At present there is no great 
 distinction between many of them and the common hospitals, with 
 which they may be regarded as neurly synonymous. TV. 
 
HOSPICE DE LA CL1NIQUE INTERNE. 83 
 
 some illustrations foreign to this place, he teaches 
 to his students. 
 
 As to the treatment of continued fevers, when 
 they present symptoms of gastric or intestinal irri- 
 tation, M. Cayol examines first if that irritation 
 has preceded the fever, or is the result of a direct 
 excitement produced by stimulating ingesta. It is 
 seldom, except in the latter case, that he directs 
 leeches to be applied to the epigastrium or anus. 
 When, on the other hand, the patients have been 
 submitted to a proper regimen and temperature from 
 the accession of the fever, and if the system is mark- 
 ed by the period of turgescence, M. Cayol remarks, 
 that the redness of the tongue is always in relation 
 to the heat of the skin, but that this redness, accom- 
 panied with thirst, and sometimes with tenderness 
 of the abdomen, is owing solely to a state of con- 
 gestion ; it is observed to diminish at the same time 
 with the heat of the skin, without our having re- 
 course to leeches ; and when general symptoms of 
 plethora exist, M. Cayol prefers general bleeding 
 to that from capillaries. 
 
 Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the air 
 passages is a frequent complication of essential fevers, 
 and is more troublesome, in general, than when 
 seated in the alimentary canal. It often supervenes 
 in the course of severe continued fever, and may 
 remain unknown, unless an investigation, by means 
 of the cylinder, be carefully made. M. Cayol op- 
 poses it with almost uniform success, by scarifica- 
 tion and cupping on the sides of the chest, near the 
 attachments of the serratus magnus. The same 
 means are also sometimes employed to remove sim- 
 ple sanguineous congestion of the lung. 
 
 Continued fevers commence, in general, by a 
 state of sanguineous plethora, which requires the 
 use of diluents, and sometimes blood-letting. As 
 *.o the local affections that accompany them, if 
 
34 HOSPICE E LA. CLINIdVE INTERNE. 
 
 they have not preceded the fever, and if they do 
 not present the characters of inflammation, but only 
 those of congestion, M. Cayol is little apprehensive, 
 and abstains from interfering by local bleeding, 
 which by impoverishing the capillary system, re- 
 tards the formation of a crisis, and indefinitely 
 prolongs the convalescence. When the head is af- 
 fected, he applies blisters to the legs, and if, after 
 some days, the symptoms of cerebral congestion 
 continue, he directs them to the nape of the neck. 
 In the second period of the fever, when a mucous 
 rale still exists in the chest, M. Cayol employs with 
 success the decoction of polygala senega.* After- 
 wards, if petechise, or eschars of the sacrum, super- 
 vene, or if the blisters show symptoms of putrescence 
 if there be ichorous or sanious suppuration, with 
 acute pains, cinchona is then positively indicated. 
 (One drachm generally of the soft extract in some 
 mucilaginous draught, or the acidulated decoction of 
 the bark.) He directs, at the same time, the surfaces 
 to be washed, several times a-day, with a strong de- 
 coction of cinchona, and to be dressed with the 
 opium cerate. 
 
 Such is the method followed by this gentleman in 
 continued fever, and it is but right to state, that he 
 loses very few of his patients. 
 
 Although for twelve or fifteen years past, the 
 medical constitution has seemed to be generally in- 
 flammatory, we yet not unfrequently meet with 
 bilious fevers, eight or ten cases of which occurred 
 during the latter part of the clinical course of 1824. 
 Whenever M. Cayol sees, from the commencement 
 of the fever, a union of these three symptoms, viz. a 
 yellowish and humid fur on the tongue, a yellow 
 tinge of the face, and pain in the forehead and orbits. 
 
 fc Fee the Formulary. 
 
HOSPICE DE LA CLINIQUE INTERNE. 35 
 
 with general languor, he exhibits an emetic, which 
 is always productive of benefit : he afterwards em- 
 ploys lemonade, and acidulated drinks, and decoc- 
 tions of chicory.* The evacuations then are always 
 easy, and followed by immediate relief. If these 
 bilious symptoms are accompanied by marks of in- 
 flammatory irritation of the stomach or intestines, 
 such as redness and dryness of the edges of the 
 tongue, acute sensibility of the stomach or abdomen, 
 M. Cayol directs the emetics to be preceded by a 
 detraction of blood. 
 
 When the bilious symptoms do not manifest 
 themselves till the second stage of the fever, he 
 gives purgatives the preference of emetics. Ac- 
 cording to him, it is a truth founded on observation, 
 that when these bilious symptoms are treated by 
 means of demulcent drinks, and of leeches, the fe- 
 ver prolongs itself to an indefinite period, and after 
 it is terminated, the patients remain long in a lan- 
 guid and uneasy state, which ends often in the ap- 
 pearance of furunculi or other eruptions. 
 
 M. Cayol has rarely recourse to blood-letting, ei- 
 ther general or local, in the first stage of eruptive 
 fevers, unless there exist an acute local inflammation. 
 After the example of Sydenham, however, he usually 
 takes blood from the arm during convalescence from 
 these fevers, especially in variola and scarlatina. 
 This practice has always succeeded with him, and 
 since he has adopted it, he has less frequently seen 
 those obstinate inflammatory affections, the trouble* 
 some sequelae of eruptive fevers : during convales- 
 
 * Chicorium Jlgrestc Wild Succery. Thig vegetable, little used 
 in this country, is a very favourite one in France. A decoction or 
 infusion from the leaves is often given in frebrile and inflammatory 
 affections. It is aperient and attenuant. The blanched leaves of the 
 Chicorium endivia aie used at table as a wholesome salad. TV. 
 
36 HOSPICE UE LA CJLINIQUE IKTEKSE. 
 
 cence he does not administer purgatives, unless they 
 are particularly indicated. 
 
 In the treatment of acute inflammations, he, in 
 general, repeats venesection until the fever yields. 
 When the fever is diminished, he directs topical 
 bleeding, and when subdued, he abstains from far- 
 ther depletion, save in cases of relapse. He then 
 has recourse to derivatives, at first applied remote- 
 ly, then gradually brought nearer to the seat of the 
 disease. 
 
 In acute peritonitis, as soon as the indication for 
 blood-letting is fulfilled, two large blisters, applied 
 to the inner side of the thighs, have appeared to 
 M. Cayol to have a powerful effect in shortening 
 the disease, and preventing suppuration. 
 
 To promote the resolution of chronic inflamma- 
 tions, (hepatitis, pleuritis, pneumonia, peritonitis, 
 &c.) and to check the march of certain organic 
 degenerations, as the phthisis pulmonalis, when it 
 is circumscribed, scirrhus of the stomach, phthisis 
 renalis, the different degenerations of the uterus 
 and bladder, M. Cayol has several times employed, 
 and with unexpected success, the seton, resulting 
 from two eschars which he usually makes with 
 the caustic potass, and sometimes with the rnoxa, 
 and which he then traverses with a flat or round- 
 ed mesh, according to the degree of suppuration 
 he may wish to produce. This kind of issue has 
 appeared to him the most effective, and during its 
 action he controls hectic fever with advantage, 
 (especially when there are regular exacerbations 
 with rigors,) by means of quinquina under the form 
 of extract alone, or combined with a few drops of 
 laudanum. It is thus within our power to arrest 
 the hectic fever, and to prolong considerably the 
 duration of incurable phthisis. (JVbte communi- 
 cated by JW. Cay of.) 
 
 M. Chomel, recently called to the functions of 
 
HOSPITAL OF SAINT LOUIS. 37 
 
 lae clinical chair, exhibits some little inconsistency 
 to those who attend his course, and are familiar 
 with his writings. In his practice, he, in general, 
 adheres pretty closely to the path of those physi- 
 ological physicians whom he formerly opposed. 
 He has not yet renounced his theory of essential 
 fevers, as appears occasionally from his lectures, 
 but he is scarcely ever seen to act on it a\he bed- 
 side of the patient. The practice, in fact, of M. 
 Chomel, is that of every candid and well informed 
 man, and his clinical course, with the exception of 
 some slight defects, the best perhaps now given in 
 Paris, 
 
 HOSPITAL OF SAINT LOUIS. 
 
 Of the hospitals appropriated to a special pur- 
 pose, that of St. Louis is, without doubt, one of the 
 most important. It receives patients affected with 
 cutaneous diseases, as" herpes, psora, porrigo, &c., 
 or labouring under scrofulous, scorbutic, and can- 
 cerous affections. Besides the patients admitted 
 to reside, and undergo treatment in the hospital, a 
 public consultation is open to those whose cases 
 are so slight as to be remedied without causing 
 them to quit their usual occupations. Cards are 
 delivered to the patients, with which they come 
 daily to take the baths or fumigations suited to the 
 nature of their complaint. 
 
 The surgical wards of this esfablisment are 
 confided to the care of MM. Richerand, Professor 
 of the Faculty of Medicine, and Jules Cloquet ; and 
 the medical department to MM. Alibert, Biett. 
 Maury, and Lugol. 
 
 M. Alibert, who, notwithstanding his numerous 
 avocations, attends much to the interests of medi- 
 cal education, delivers annually a clinical course 
 4 
 
tfS HOSPITAL OP SAINT LOUIS. 
 
 on the diseases of the skin, in which he passes be-? 
 fore the eyes of his hearers the most remarkable 
 examples of those affections, of which, in his mag- 
 nificent work, he has given such true, though hi- 
 deous pictures. Against those obstinate diseases, 
 he has made trial of different remedies, with more 
 or less ^guccess, and has stated in that work the 
 preparations which have rnost generally answered 
 to his hopes. 
 
 Charged in turn with the wards assigned to the 
 treatment of Psora, and possessing the advantage 
 of repeating and comparing experiments in a great 
 number of subjects, the physicians of St. Louis 
 have met the general expectation, in their researches 
 on the nature of this disease, and the numerous 
 modes of treatment alternately employed against 
 it. M. Maury has made trial of twenty-two pre- 
 parations, each on an equal number of patients, and 
 computing the duration of the treatment in the to- 
 tality of cases, he has thence drawn the medium term 
 under each method. It is from this work, executed 
 with accuracy, under the superintendence of M, 
 Maury, by M. Melier, then interne of the hospital 
 of St. Louis, that I have extracted different formulae, 
 with the notes that have reference to them. 
 
 I have availed myself also of a more extended 
 work, published by M. Mourouval, and entitled, 
 Recherches et Observations sur la gale, faites a 
 VHdpttal Saint Louis, a la clinique de M. Lugol, 
 pendant les ann&s 1819, 1820, et '821. The ex- 
 periments are more extensive, both as to the num- 
 ber of patients, and the preparations employed. 
 Without adverting to that portion of the work al- 
 lotted to the history of Psora, where it may merely 
 be mentioned, the author formally denies the exist- 
 ence of the acarus scabiei, nd of all psoric ani- 
 malculse, I shall only remark, that from numerous 
 and well conducted experiments, it is proved that 
 
VENEREAL HOSPITAL, 39 
 
 j>sora can be cured more or less promptly by sti- 
 mulants applied to the skin, under the form of 
 baths, fumigations, lotions, frictions, &c ; that it 
 will even yield to aqueous vapour baths,* and that 
 the internal treatment, to which, formerly, so much 
 importance was attached, is useless, except in cases 
 where the long duration, the extent, or severity of 
 the disease, make us regard it as a discharge which, 
 without proper precaution, it would be imprudent 
 to suppress, 
 
 M. Biett, who is specially intrusted with the 
 wards in which the varieties of herpetic erup- 
 tions are treated, has made many interesting ex- 
 periments on the different substances employed 
 against these diseases, and also on some in rela- 
 tion to epilepsy, and other affections, whose obsti- 
 nate nature has so often defeated the efforts of 
 medicine. The circumstantial notes which M. 
 Biett has kindly given me, and which will be 
 found in the course of this work, make it unne- 
 cessary for me to enter into farther details on this 
 institution, worthy, in all respects, the attention 
 of physicians of every country. 
 
 VENEREAL HOSPITAL. 
 
 (ffopital des Veneriens.) 
 
 This hospital, exclusively destined to the treat- 
 ment of syphilis, and the affections connected 
 with it, is confided to the care of MM. Cullerier, 
 Bard, Gilbert, and Bertin. It is there that ample 
 opportunity is afforded of observing all the forms 
 
 * Since these researches were made, M. Delpech has a'Bferta 
 *t T>sora may b* cured by simple oily unctions- 
 
 .irrecf, 
 
40 VENEREAL HOSPITAL, 
 
 arid all the varieties of that disease, and of study ~ 
 ing the effects of the curative processes employed 
 against it. From the numerous researches insti- 
 tuted by the physicians who direct the establish- 
 ment, the substance of the following doctrine al- 
 most wholly results. 
 
 Notwithstanding the different forms which the 
 venereal malady assumes, the grounds of treat- 
 ment are, and ought always to be, the same. They 
 are modified only according as the affection is pri- 
 mitive or consecutive. The local treatment varies 
 according to the symptoms, and their different de- 
 grees of intensity. 
 
 Mercury is considered a specific against the ve- 
 nereal disease, and the cases in which it has not 
 succeeded are exceptions which should not invali- 
 date the general rule. For long it was regarded 
 as the only remedy, but experiments made in Spain 
 and in Italy have proved that a vegetable regimen, 
 and, above all, sudorifics and a warm climate, can 
 remove the disease without the aid of mercury. To 
 them, also, should be added the documents publish- 
 ed in England and the United States on the treat- 
 ment of syphilitic symptoms by antiphlogistic 
 means, without the intervention of mercurial pre- 
 parations.* The Tisane of Feltz ought not to be 
 regarded as a purely vegetable drink, since, to the 
 
 * In Edinburgh, not a few practitioners have for several years en- 
 tirely abandoned the use of mercury, and are satisfied, by experience . 
 that the aid of that medicine is, in general, unnecessary. It is the 
 opinion of many, that .for some time past syphilis faas assumed a 
 milder character, at least that its more severe and consecutive forms 
 are now less seldom witnessed. By an eminent teacher of midwifery 
 in this city, I have been informed, that of late the number of infanta 
 affected with syphilis at, or soon after birth, has increased in his 
 practice in the proportion of 4 to 1. It would not be very easy, ex- 
 cept, perhaps, to the partisan of a system, to reconcile this circuit 
 stance with the other statements. Tr. 
 
VENEREAL HOSPITAL. 41 
 
 different plants that enter into its composition, are 
 added a portion of isinglass, and sulphuret of an- 
 timony, which seems always to contain a variable 
 proportion of white oxide of arsenic, Some facts, 
 and especially the trials made at the Hospital of 
 St. Louis in different cases of venereal eruptions, 
 appear to prove that upon this oxide depends much 
 of the properties of the Tisane de Feltz 
 
 When the object is to combat the primitive 
 symptoms, the liquor of Van Swieten in the dose 
 of half an ounce daily, with sometimes a simple 
 decoction of barley, compose the ordinary treat- 
 ment. 
 
 If the patients are harassed by catarrh, exhibit 
 incipient symptoms of phthisis, or if the abdomen 
 be the seat of irritation, or the medicine occasion 
 pains of the stomach, or vomiting, M. Cullerier 
 has recourse to frictions with mercurial ointment, 
 or he gives the pills ofSedillot, (pills composed of 
 soap and the Neapolitan ointment,)* or the pills 
 composed of the mercury of Hahneman. These 
 pills have the inconvenience of acting on the 
 mouth as rapidly as the frictions. This does not, 
 however, prevent them being administered in cases 
 of primitive syphilis- M. Cullerier never employs 
 them in the consecutive state of the disease. 
 
 If a patient present himself with consecutive 
 symptoms, the great reliance which M. Cullerier 
 places on the liquor of Van Swieten, induces him 
 to administer it uniformly, and this, it may be said, 
 with such remarkable success, that, if some cases 
 resist its action, and continue their progress, we 
 
 * The mercury of Hahneman ia the black oxide of mercury. TV, 
 
4\J VHNEREAL HOSPITAL. 
 
 would be disposed to impute it less to the insuffi- 
 ciency of the medicine, than to negligence of the 
 patient during the course of treatment. Frictions 
 appear also to M. Cullerier a powerful means 
 against constitutional syphilis, and he employs 
 them almost indifferently with the liquor of Van 
 Swieten. He prefers them in cases that do not 
 bear well this latter preparation, and obtains from 
 their use very beneficial results. 
 
 When he exhibits the liquor in inveterate 
 venereal affections, he usually combines with it 
 the sudorific tisane* alone, or edulcorated with the 
 sudorific sirup ; but when the patient appears 
 weak, he mixes this sirup with that of quinquina, 
 or with the antiscorbutic sirup. 
 
 The Tisane of Feltz is employed with uncom- 
 mon success, and M. Cullerier, in regard to this 
 subject, possesses some very interesting facts. He 
 administers this tisane, when consecutive venerea] 
 symptoms, as exostoses, pains of the bones, serpi- 
 ginous pustules, ulcerations of the soft parts, ca- 
 ries of the bones, the cartilages of the nose, mouth, 
 &c. re-appear, after having previously yielded to 
 frictions or the mercurial solution. This treat- 
 ment almost constantly succeeds, and even in a 
 short time, if the disease has not produced very 
 great derangement of structure. The Tisane 
 d'Arnaud differs nothing in its effects from that of 
 Feltz ; such, at least, is the opinion of M. Culle- 
 rier. 
 
 The muriates (hydro-chlorates) of gold and 
 platina have not, in the hands of this physician, 
 answered the extreme praises, of those who intro- 
 duced them : their use, therefore, has been dis- 
 continued. 
 
 * See the j 
 
VENEREAL HOSPITAL. 43 
 
 As a remedy of much power against the vene- 
 rual disease, he considers the bath, holding in so- 
 lution the deuto-chloruret of mercury ; but he sel- 
 dom employs it in the hospital, on account of the 
 great precaution required in using the sublimate. 
 
 The means, of which the local treatment con- 
 sists, are very limited. Simple or mercurial cerate 
 is applied to the ulcerations, more frequently a 
 little charpie soaked in a purely emollient or nar- 
 cotic decoction. As a cautery, the fused nitrate 
 of silver is employed. When the flesh is fungous, 
 it is dressed with the Egyptian ointment,* or with 
 the digestive, when pale and deficient in action. 
 
 As to vegetations, their excision is not attempt- 
 ed until the specific treatment is terminated, or at 
 least far advanced. It in general succeeds, though 
 in some subjects we see them spring up with in- 
 creased activity. In this case, they are cauterized 
 with the fused nitrate of silver, the hydro-chlorate 
 of antimony, and nitrate of mercury. In spite, 
 however, of the power of those substances, we 
 meet with vegetations which still resist them. 
 
 Caruncles of the anus are in the same manner 
 attacked by caustics. The actual cautery is that 
 which has best succeeded with M. Cullerier. Those 
 that occur on the hands and feet require rest and 
 cleanliness, and heal uniformly under the use of 
 the mercurial solution or frictions, with a local 
 dressing of the simple or mercurial cerate. 
 
 Venereal pustules demand no particular treat- 
 ment. For the mucous pustules of the anus, the 
 vulva, and those on the thighs and scrotum, M. 
 Cullerier recommends great attention to cleanli- 
 
 * Onguent Kgyjitiae, or ointment of the acetate of copper. It is 
 prepared by boiling together honey, vinegar, and crude acetate of 
 copper, until the acetate be dissolved, and the honey have acquired 
 be consistence proper for an ointment. TV. 
 
44 VENEREAL HOSPITAL 
 
 ness, and gentle friction of the parts affected, will; 
 mercurial cerate. This he regards as very benefp 
 cia]. 
 
 In the case of exostoses, periostoses, &c. leeches 
 have never been found very useful : the general 
 treatment is more efficacious. 
 
 Blennorrhagy is a symptom of syphilis, on the im- 
 portance of which, opinion is divided. Experience 
 has proved to M. Cullerier, that it is often follow- 
 ed by a general infection ; he thinks, also, that this 
 morbid phenomenon ought to be combated by the 
 means appropriated to the treatment of constitution- 
 al syphilis. 
 
 To what has preceded, and which presents the 
 opinions of the late M. Cullerier, it becomes me to 
 add the views of the nature and treatment of sy- 
 philis, communicated to me by M. Cullerier, his 
 nephew, at present chief Surgeon of the Venereal 
 Hospital. 
 
 The existence of a virus, contested by some physi- 
 cians, but supported by the majority, is a subject of 
 doubt with M. Cullerier. M. Gilbert, and M. Bard, 
 seem more attached to the doctrines of M. Cullerier, 
 the uncle. This question is yet undecided, and will 
 remain so, until a sufficient number of comparative 
 experiments can be made. In order to arrive at a 
 conclusion, the physicians and surgeons of the Vene- 
 real Hospital have undertaken to treat the primitive 
 symptoms by ordinary means. These trials, the re- 
 sults of which will be published elsewhere, prove 
 that the affections termed syphilitic are in some cases 
 simply local, and admit of permanent cure by anti- 
 phlogistics, astringents, and caustics, while in others 
 they so deeply pervade the system, that mercurial 
 preparations alone can effect a certain cure. Fi- 
 nally, it has been proved, that there are circum- 
 stances in which mercurial remedies, far from 
 ameliorating the condition of the patient, excite, on 
 
MAISON DE SANTE. 45 
 
 the contrary, phenomena analogous to those of sy- 
 philis itself, and which do not disappear until their 
 use is discontinued. Relapses after both methods of 
 treatment have been observed : it will remain to 
 determine precisely in which case they more fre- 
 quently occur. 
 
 MAIS'ON DE SANTE. 
 
 In speaking of the Maison de Sant6, which is 
 not the seat of any public instruction, it is only 
 with the view of introducing some of the formulae 
 employed by Professor Dubois. Although ht? con- 
 fines himself more particularly to the practice of 
 surgery, M. Dubois gives much attention to inter- 
 nal affections, on which he is often consulted. On 
 several points of practice it is known, that he pos- 
 sesses opinons peculiar to himself, and which his 
 experience has supported. It is thus that he re- 
 gards the tonic treatment as the most efficacious 
 in scrofulous and scorbutic complaints, and that 
 he considers mercurial frictions pushed to the ex- 
 tent of salivation, as the surest means of curing 
 inveterate venereal affections, though, by the ma- 
 jority of physicians, and especially those of the 
 Venereal Hospital, whose judgment, in a question 
 of this kind, is of the greatest weight, salivation is 
 deemed a troublesome consequence of the mercu- 
 rial treatment, against which we ought, whenever 
 practicable, to guard. His opinions in general ap- 
 proach to those of Brown, with respect to the use 
 of tonics, stimulants, and revulsives. Blood-letting 
 is a measure on the adoption of which he exhibits 
 an extreme degree of caution, even in cases where 
 most practitioners insist on its employment. He 
 rarely prescribes general bleeding in acute inflam- 
 mations, whether membranous or parenchyma- 
 
46 MAISON D'ACCOTJCHEMENT. 
 
 tous : restricting- himself, for the most part, to the 
 application of leeches, followed by the application 
 of blisters. 
 
 MAISON D'ACCOUCHEMEOT. 
 
 (Termed Hospice de la Maternite.] 
 
 The preceding- observation, respecting the Mai- 
 eon de Sante, applies also to the Maison d' Ac- 
 couchement, to which neither students nor stran- 
 gers have habitual admission.* M. Chaussier, to 
 whom the charge of this excellent institution is 
 committed, guiding himself by the precepts of the 
 Hippocratic medicine, has devoted himself to nu- 
 merous researches on the diseases of pregnancy, 
 and the puerperal state. An enemy of systems, 
 which too often draw those who adopt them into 
 dangerous errors, he makes his physiological know- 
 ledge subservient to a rational treatment. It may 
 be remarked, that he employs but few medicines ; 
 that he prefers, in general, those whose properties 
 are well known ; that he makes trial of new sub- 
 stances only with the greatest reserve, and selects 
 the preparations that are fittest to retain their 
 virtues. 
 
 *The Maison d' Accouchement is the school in which the midwives 
 (sages femmes) receive their education, which is excellently con. 
 ducted, and which gives an assurance to the public that they are 
 qualified to exercise the responsible office with which they are in- 
 trusted It is to be regretted that more attention is not directed to 
 the instruction of the same class of females in this country, to whose 
 hands, when competent, this branch of medical duty can with most 
 propriety be committed. TV. 
 
HOSPITAL SAINT ANTOINE. 47 
 
 HOSPITAL SAINT ANTOINE. 
 
 This Hospital, from its situation, and the beauty 
 of the building, may be considered as one of the 
 most salubrious of the capital. It is not very large, 
 and is filled in a great measure by the patients of 
 the quarter in which it is placed. It receives pa- 
 tients of both sexes affected with acute internal or 
 external disorders, and with chronic diseases, 
 for which no special hospital is provided. M. 
 Beauchene is the chief surgeon, and MM. Kape- 
 ler and Lullier Winslow are the physicians, both 
 known by their writings. M. Kapeler, more es- 
 pecially, has directed much of his study to the 
 materia medica, and is among the first who have 
 adopted with success, in France, the contra-stimu- 
 lant practice of the Italian school. This practice, 
 it should be noticed, is now followed by a certain 
 number of practitioners, and in the Hospital of St. 
 Antoine, it is customary to administer, within a short 
 period, and in a quantity of fluid extremely small 
 in proportion to the dose, twelve, twenty, thirty, or 
 even forty grains of the emetic tartar. What is sin- 
 gular, and apparently no less true, the patients ex- 
 perience not only no evil accidents, but are not even 
 affected with vomitings, nor does the drug seem to 
 excite any remarkable primitive action. I leave 
 these facts to the attention of physiological readers, 
 and refrain from all reflections. 
 
 Since the above passage was written, I have seen 
 the tartarized antimony given in very large doses. 
 It is in the fewest number of cases that that effect 
 has resulted, which the contra-stimulists call toler- 
 ance ; that is to say, an absence of immediate 
 purgative or emetic action. As to ultimate results, 
 they are far certainly from corresponding to what 
 enthusiasm had at first represented them. M. Ka- 
 
48 HOSPITAL OF LA SALPETRIEKJE. 
 
 peler himself, also, after many experiments, has re' 
 nounced, in a considerable measure, this course oi' 
 treatment. 
 
 The same gentleman has ventured to modify the 
 empiric treatment, so long respected through custom, 
 in the colica pictonum. He has also, in some ex- 
 periments, the results of which he proposes to pub- 
 lish, carried very high the doses of several sub- 
 s reputed for their energy, and which many 
 yet administer with so much caution, that the cures 
 become new proofs of the vis medicatrix naturae, 
 aide-i by time and regimen. 
 
 The colleague of Si. Kapeler, Dr. Lullier Win- 
 slow, is one of those physicians who seem to place 
 most of their confidence in the conservative efforts 
 of Nature, assisted by therapeutical agents suffi- 
 ciently simple for their action to be easily verified. 
 He employs medicines in a form of as much simpli- 
 city as possible, and chooses those, the properties of 
 which are the least doubtful. 
 
 HOSPITAL OF LA SALPETRIERE. 
 
 This vast establishment comprehends a hospice 
 and an hospital. It admits females advanced in age, 
 or afflicted with incurable diseases and infirmities ; 
 it receives equally, but'in separate buildings, females 
 labouring under mental alienation. This part of 
 the establishment was confided to the care of Pro- 
 fessor Pinel, and of Dr. Esquirol, who succeeded 
 his excellent instructer ; but who, now called to the 
 direction of the MaUon iioyale of Charenton, has 
 resigned his place to M. Pariset. 
 The surgical wards are committed to M. Lallemant, 
 and those of the hospice to MM. Rostan and 
 Magendie. The clinical lectures of M. Rostan are 
 well attended, but it is chiefly for the study of mental 
 
HOSPITAL OF LA SALPETRIERE. 49 
 
 alienation that so many resort to the Salpe'triere, 
 where Dr. Esquirol for a long time has delivered a 
 clinical course on this class of. diseases. All who 
 know this gentleman are aware that his treatment 
 of the different species of Vesania consists less in 
 the exhibition of medicines, than in the well direct- 
 ed use of hygenic arid of moral means. Some notes 
 on the practice adopted in mental disease, which I 
 owe to the kindness of M. Esquirol,* will not, I may 
 presume, be regarded as uninteresting. 
 
 To restore to its healthy state the affected brain, 
 in cases of insanity, the physician can avail him- 
 self of two kinds of resources : the one consists in 
 modifying the organ by the exercise of its func- 
 tions, and is called intellectual and moral; the 
 other is drawn from the ordinary resources of the- 
 rapeutics, and has for its object to fulfil different 
 curative indications, and is styled physical. 
 
 Moral and Intellectual Treatment. I. To iso- 
 late the insane from the objects that may have ex- 
 cited their malady, from relatives or servants to 
 whom they show an aversion, or whom they will 
 not obey. II. To treat them with mildness, though 
 sometimes with firmness. III. To class them in 
 such a manner, that they may be unable to injure 
 or annoy each other, but mutually contribute, if 
 possible, to their own recovery ; to place the furious 
 together at a distance frcm the other patients ; 
 to inclose any of them, if necessary, in rooms ob- 
 scurely lighted, or perfectly dark ; if the tempera- 
 ture of the body be high, or the degree of excite- 
 ment great, not to insist on their being warmly 
 clothed, even in winter. IV. To separate entire- 
 
 * These notes were communicated to me by my colleague, M. 
 Georget, the pupil and friend of M. Esquirol, and to whom we owe 
 some interesting works on the physiology of the brain and mental 
 alienation. 
 
 5 
 
50 HOSPITAL OF LA SALPETRIERE, 
 
 ly the convalescent from all the other affected, 
 making them successively pass into more private 
 sleeping rooms, according as the term of their 
 freedom approaches ; to be careful to remove them 
 from these apartments whenever a new access or 
 exacerbation is apprehended; to engage the pa- 
 tients, whose reason is not wholly deranged, in 
 some work or amusement, or in the exercise of 
 walking. V. To employ no methods of restraint 
 or punishment, except the strait- waistcoat, seclu- 
 sion in a cell, the douches,* &c.; never blows, 
 chains, or other harsh treatment; to conduct the 
 first interviews of the patients with their relations 
 or friends; to provoke sometimes lively moral 
 emotions, by a surprise, an alarm, or an unjust re- 
 primand ; to replace one passion by another ; not 
 to enter into needless discussions with the insane ; 
 above all, to avoid exciting them to fury or anger, 
 either by ridicule, or by directly opposing their 
 ideas, passions, &c. ; to encourage the intercourse 
 of the convalescent ; to exercise over those who 
 show a disposition to commit suicide the most ac- 
 tive watch, even long after they appear to have re- 
 linquished that gloomy purpose ; otherwise we run 
 the risk of becoming the dupe of dissimulation, 
 which they practise with wonderful skill ; to ob- 
 serve with equal care, and to separate those addict- 
 ed to masturbation or other vices ; to avoid recall- 
 ing to the memory of the convalescent either 
 the extravagances of their delirium, or the causes 
 that had disagreeably affected them ; and in order 
 to prevent relapses, to advise such objects and 
 causes to be removed or shunned. Such are the 
 principal rules for the moral treatment of the in- 
 sane, adopted in the Hospice of Salpetriere. 
 
 * Douches. See p. 72. 
 
HOSPITAL OF LA SALPETRIERE, 51 
 
 The treatment termed physical consists in the 
 resources of the Hygiene, and the medicinal agents 
 suited to fulfil different curative indications. 
 
 Hygiene. To secure the patients from extremes 
 of temperature, and from sudden variations of the 
 atmosphere, by keeping them in winter in places 
 sufficiently warmed, and preventing them going with 
 naked feet among the ice or snow ; above all pre- 
 venting, during the extreme heats of summer, their 
 exposure to the action of the solar rays ; to wash 
 daily, and to ventilate the cells of those inattentive 
 to cleanliness; to fix in their beds, during the night, 
 those who show a wilfulness to lie on the ground, 
 and also the paralytic, who may involuntarily throw 
 themselves out of bed; or, what is preferable, to 
 put these last into a kind of crib, which confines 
 without much constraint; to be attentive to the 
 covering of patients at night, especially during the 
 rigorous colds, so as to preserve the feet from being 
 frost-bitten ; and nothing is better to secure this 
 object than to place a light chaff bed above the or- 
 dinary bed-clothes. To give in every case, one or 
 two simple water baths, with the view to cleanli- 
 ness ; to cut the hair close, whenever there exists 
 much heat of head, and a habitual state of irritation, 
 or of congestion towards this part ; to distribute four 
 times a-day, wholesome and sufficient nourishment > 
 and rarely to refuse food or drink when desired, 
 even during the night ; to administer to those who 
 obstinately refuse their food, enemata of soup, milk, 
 or sometimes wine, injected into the stomach by 
 means of a sound introduced into the oesophagus ; 
 the pain which the presence of the sound in the 
 nares occasions, induces often the individuals to eat ; 
 but sometimes their obstinacy is so great, that they 
 endure all such unpleasant treatment, rather than 
 yield in their determination. 
 
 ^ Though but little medicine is employed at the 
 Salptriere, and, properly speaking, few formulae t*j 
 
52 HOSPITAL OF LA 6ALPETRIERE. 
 
 be gathered from the clinique of M. Esquirol, an idea 
 can yet be given of the medicinal means by which 
 he seconds the moral and hy genie branches of his 
 treatment. 
 
 Curative Indications. Insanity is usually of long 
 duration, and its nature not easy to appreciate in the 
 majority of cases : the indications of treatment found- 
 ed on this knowledge are, therefore, almost always 
 difficult to mark, and are often very imperfectly de- 
 termined. It should be mentioned, also, that mania 
 does not so generally offer favourable chances of re- 
 covery, since, from the reports collected at La 
 Salpelriere, scarcely one third of those recover, in 
 whom the malady does not even present any particu- 
 lar symptom of its being incurable. These facts 
 ought to render the physician very circumspect; and 
 he will refrain from prescribing remedies, rather 
 than run the hazard, by giving them without indica- 
 tions, of producing effects different from those he 
 desired. He ought to guard, especially, against let- 
 ting himself be imposed upon by the violence of 
 certain symptoms, and believing that the cause of 
 the evil is in relation to its intensity. In two cir- 
 cumstances only can the physician act with vigour, 
 at the commencement of the disease, or when the 
 use of measures rationally indicated has been suf- 
 ficiently persisted in, and the incurable nature of the 
 case is to be feared. When insanity has passed into 
 the chronic state, if it degenerate after many years' 
 existence into amentia, particularly if it complicates 
 itself with paralysis, nothing farther can be attempt- 
 ed to obtain a cure ; the physician has then only in 
 view to prolong life* by preventing and "combating 
 the cerebral and other symptoms that may endanger 
 it. The nature of this work does not permit us to 
 enter into a detail of the curative indications that 
 may present themselves in the course of insania, and 
 to expose the appropriate measures they require. 
 We must confine ourselves, therefore, to a few 
 
OMSPITAL OF LA SALPETRIERE. 53 
 
 observations on some of the means that are princi- 
 pally resorted to. 
 
 Detraction of Blood Blood-letting has often been 
 abused from the circumstance of our confounding 
 general plethora and cerebral congestion with the 
 state or condition of furor , and believing that we 
 abate this by diminishing the mass of blood : this, 
 however, is a fallacy; plethora and cerebral conges- 
 tion have other characters than that of violent 
 excitement, which exist very often without it, and 
 it is in vain that we hope to calm effectually the 
 lunatic by such excessive depletion. Some patients 
 become more furious after bleeding, and it is only 
 by the physical powers of the system being subdued, 
 that they cease to be so. But when there exists a 
 real plethora, a state of cerebral congestion, especial- 
 ly at the commencement of the disease, there should 
 be no hesitation in drawing blood, either by the lan- 
 cet, the scarificator, or by leeches. If there has 
 been a suppression of any habitual sanguineous dis- 
 charge, the blood, by the above means, should be 
 taken as near as convenient to the parts which are 
 the seat of the periodical evacuation. 
 
 Baths. The cold bath is seldom employed in La 
 Salpetrie're ; the tepid hath is used more frequently, 
 and is very beneficial in calming some symptoms. 
 
 Douches. Recourse is not often had to the show- 
 er baths, and never without great caution, particular- 
 ly if violent cephalalgia exist , and extreme hotness 
 of the head. When these baths are employed, it is 
 oftener as a means of repression in the case of pa- 
 tients who cherish some gloomy and determined 
 purpose, as for example, that of allowing themselves 
 to die of hunger. They ought not to be continued 
 more than a few seconds rarely longer than a 
 minute. 
 
 Cold affusions, and cold applications to the head, 
 have often excellent effects, and are always without 
 
64 HOSPITAL OF LA SALPETRIERE. 
 
 danger. In cerebral congestions, the practice gen- 
 erally followed is to detract blood by opening the 
 jugular vein, or applying leeches to the neck, to- 
 place then the patient in the tepid bath, where he 
 remains a longer or a shorter period, during which 
 refrigerant applications 'are directed to the -head. 
 
 Emetics. Emetics are beneficial by the shock 
 which they produce, in certain cases of stupor and 
 insensibility unattended by symptoms of irritation ; 
 but they cannot be used with too much prudence, on 
 account of the impulse they communicate to the 
 blood, towards the superior parts. 
 
 Purgatives, Purgatives are often of service, both 
 as obviating constipation, an object of great impor- 
 tance, and to which much attention should be paid, 
 and as the means of establishing towards the intesti- 
 nal canal a salutary derivation. 
 
 Derivatives. Derivatives directed to the intes- 
 tines or skin have been in frequ.ent use, and are of 
 advantage in the generality of cases, especially in 
 those which follow childbirth. Of the remedies of 
 this class, purgative enemata, and cutaneous stimu- 
 lants, are preferred in the cases last alluded to. 
 
 Moxas, Vcsicatories, Setons. The application 
 of moxa to the head has, in several instances, 
 effected a cure : in one, there resulted from it a 
 fatal cerebral inflammation, and in many the disease 
 underwent no change. It is the same with respect 
 to the application of the actual cautery. 
 
 The seton ad nucham and blisters are equally 
 had recourse to, after the same principles, and with 
 the same precautions. 
 
 Narcotics. These medicines are rarely useful at 
 the commencement of the disease often they pro- 
 duce no effect, and when they do procure sleep, it 
 is almost always succeeded by delirium. 
 
 General Means. Acidulous, mucilaginous, and 
 nitrated drinks are given freely to the patients, in 
 
HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN. 55 
 
 the periods of irritation. Light tonics, when it is 
 requisite to support the powers, are sometimes 
 usefully allowed ; in a word, that course is pursued 
 which the general principles of therapeutics direct.* 
 
 HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN. 
 
 (Hopital des Enfans.) 
 
 This house is appropriated to the treatment of in- 
 dividuals of both sexes, under sixteen years of age, 
 whatever the nature of their complaints may be. 
 An extensive opportunity is here afforded for 
 studying the diseases of childhood, so important to 
 know, and at the same time so difficult, on account 
 
 * Of the private asylums for the insane, there is one in the neigh- 
 bourhood of Paris, which every friend to humanity will visit with 
 pleasure. It is situated in the village of Venvre, about four miles 
 from Paris, not far from the Jesuit seminary of Mont Rouge, and was 
 established by two physicians, MM. Voisin and Falret, who devote 
 their whole attention to the care of their institution. Every thing 
 that skill can contrive or benevolence dictate, has been procured for 
 the welfare of its unfortunate inmates. The grounds are extensive 
 and well arranged, and command one of the softest and most agree- 
 able landscapes in the vicinity of Paris. The features, indeed, of the 
 scenery, are so extremely placid, that one might suppose they were 
 calculated rather to cherish than dispel the quiet spirit of melancholy. 
 By the residence of its conductors in the institution, a constant eye is 
 secured to the moral management of the insane, a part of the treat- 
 ment more important and salutary than that which, in his daily or 
 weekly visit, any physician can be expected to perform. 
 
 In the Lunatic Asylum of Edinburgh, an apparatus for the Douches 
 has been for some time introduced. The Douche is administered in 
 the same manner at in France, viz. while the patient is immersed to 
 the shoulders in the warm or tepid bath, a jet of cold water is made 
 to descend with more or less force upon the head. The powerful 
 effect of this remedy in subduing excitement has been found very re- 
 markable. The act of Parliament passed last session, for the regula- 
 tion of Lunatic Asylums, has, as would appear from some public re^ 
 ports, already begun to operate beneficially, and, it is to be hoped, 
 will in future secure to those institutions more attention than hare 
 hitherto been bestowed on them. -TV. 
 
56 HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN"- 
 
 of our inability to obtain information from the pa* 
 tients themselves, and of the modifications which 
 the symptoms, in the age of infancy, so rapidly 
 undergo, during the whole progress of disease. In 
 the lectures of MM. Jadelot and Guersent, in' 
 which they make known to their students the re- 
 sults of long practice and accurate experience, all 
 that can be desired on this subject may be obtain- 
 ed. 
 
 M. Baffos, senior, has the direction of the surgi- 
 cal wards, which do not, in general, offer any thing 
 very interesting. 
 
 In this hospital, individuals affected with chro- 
 nic diseases, with herpes, psora, &c. are placed in 
 wards separated frorn those allotted to acute dis- 
 eases. Patients affected with porrigo are Confided 
 to the care of MM. Mahon, (brothers,) who are 
 proprietors of a remedy which they have authority 
 to use under the inspection of the physicians of the 
 establishment, who certify the cure. The remedy 
 of MM. Mahon, which appears, in its results, to 
 have considerable efficacy, is held a secret. The 
 practice of M. Guersent is extremely simple : he 
 attends with very great care to the examination of 
 symptoms, and does not, without much caution, 
 employ any powerful medicine, persuaded that Na- 
 ture has never more resources than in the age of 
 childhood. Observation, and the study of patholo- 
 gical anatomy, have proved to him, as to many 
 others, that inflammations form the great majority 
 of the diseases of children. The reader is reterred 
 to numerous articles on Pathology and Therapeu- 
 tics, with which M. Guersent has enriched the 
 Dictionnaire de J\ledecine, in eighteen volumes. 
 He is preparing, besides, an important work on 
 the Diseases of Infancy, and he delivers, at present, 
 a clinical course, the more valuable, as combining 
 the theory with the practice. 
 
HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN. 57 
 
 The following details, presented to the reader, 
 were collected by Dr. Troussel-Delvincourt, and 
 have been reviewed by M. Jadelot himself. They 
 furnish a summary of his opinions on a branch of 
 medicine, which he practises with a modesty equal 
 to his ability a*id success. 
 
 Long before the revolution which occurred in 
 medicine relative to essential fevers, M. Jadelot, 
 following the course of his observations, directed 
 specially to the diseases of childhood, had been led 
 to recognise in their affections a more fixed and 
 limited seat. t He did not long hesitate in referring 
 a great numb'er of fevers to inflammations, solitary 
 or co-existing, of the abdomen, chest, or head. 
 Those of the abdomen, he next ascertained, were 
 in a proportion infinitely more considerable than 
 those of the other cavities. On the subject of in- 
 termittent fevers, the number of which, it may be 
 stated, is now much diminished, M. Jadelot has 
 not formed any particular opinion. He employs 
 the known treatment, modifying it according as he 
 observes, amid the general disorder, any marked 
 alteration of function in the different organs. He 
 thus successfully adopts a mixed treatment, direct- 
 ing, for example, antiphlogistic remedies to parts 
 that appear to be the seat of some irritation, and 
 at the same time, exhibiting quinquina alone, or 
 combined with camphor, in the form of enema. 
 
 Almost all that the class of fevers has lost, has 
 been carried to that of the phlegmasise ; they have 
 been studied with more care, and their treatment, 
 better adapted to their seat and nature, has become 
 less tedious and more fortunate. M. Jadelot was 
 among the first to acquire an accurate knowledge 
 of gastric and intestinal inflammations; he created 
 for himself, so to speak, new methods of recognis- 
 ing them, and arrived, by the inspection of the fea- 
 tures of the face alone, at an accuracy of diagnosis 
 
58 HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN. 
 
 truly remarkable. This semeiology, peculiar to 
 early life, though we can sometimes derive advan* 
 tage from it in more advanced years, M. Jadelot 
 has named physiognomomc : in a very few words, 
 a succinct idea of it may be afforded to the reader. 
 Independently of the alterations o colour which 
 the face presents, and which furnish to the phy- 
 sician signs more or less positive, the expression of 
 the physiognomy, and the prominence, more or less 
 considerable, of particular traits, are also means of 
 clearing still farther the diagnosis. 
 
 In the infant, whose facial muscles are not en- 
 dowed with great mobility, three principal traits 
 present themselves to the observer. They are 
 nearly parallel, and direct themselves from the 
 centre towards the sides of the face; the first, 
 (oculo- zygomaticj) proceeding from the great angle 
 of the eye, loses itself a little below the projection 
 formed by the cheek-bone ; the secend, (nasal,) 
 commences at the superior part of the wing of. the 
 nose, and prolongs itself in a semicircle, towards 
 the commissure of the lips ; it is sometimes cross- 
 ed by a small trait (genal) which directs itself 
 towards the middle of the cheek ; the last, (labial,) 
 arises at the commissure of the lips, and loses itself 
 towards the chin. 
 
 Each of these traits is in relation to one of the 
 visceral cavities. The first is connected with the 
 diseases of the cerebro-nervous system; the second, 
 and its accessory, (the genal.) with abdominal le- 
 sions ; the third, lastly, indicate the affections of 
 the organs of circulation and respiration. 
 
 This mode of investigation, valuable in regard 
 to patients incapable of Turnishing any clear infor- 
 mation to the physician, requires much experience ; 
 but the results obtained from it indemnify the 
 physician for the trouble to which he submits, in 
 gain his object. 
 
HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN. 59 
 
 In variola, M. Jadelot endeavours particularly 
 to ascertain the different affections, manifest or la- 
 tent, with which it may be complicated, and on 
 this knowledge he modifies his treatment. Thus, 
 when a violent angina shows itself, without having 
 regard to the period of the eruption, lie employs an- 
 tiphlogistics, and the most powenul derivatives. If 
 symptoms of gastric irritation supervene, he com- 
 bats them by the appropriate means, assured that 
 the eruption will proceed with more facility in its 
 proper course. Jn the case of coiifiuent variola, he 
 has recourse to excitants, and even to the internal 
 use of tonics, either administered by the mouth, 
 or in enemata. During the period of suppuration, 
 he recommends to let the pus contained in the 
 pustules flow out, especially when collected in 
 large quantity from the confluence of the pustules, 
 by opei ing them with the point of a lancet, or by 
 cutting with scissors the top of the pustules, which 
 are after wards cleansed with a bit. of fine linen. 
 During convalescence, he directs the simple or 
 emollient tei id bath, to hasten the fall of the crusts, 
 and facilitate the cutaneous transpiration. 
 
 Rubeola is still more frequently complicated 
 than variola, with inflammation, either of the mu- 
 cous or parenchymatous structures of the thoracic 
 organs, and this complication merits a.F much, and 
 even more, care than the original disease. To 
 antiphlogistic measures, M. Jadelot is accustomed 
 to add, as tending to diminish the pulmonary con- 
 gestion, warm hand baths, (maniluves^ rendered 
 more stimulating, by vinegar, common salt, or the 
 flour of mustard. If the eruption, after having ap- 
 peared, is suddenly suppressed, which usually hap- 
 pens on inflammation arising in another part of 
 the system, he has recourse to measures propor- 
 tioned in their activity to the danger which threat- 
 ens the patient. If the eruption, notwithstanding, 
 
60 HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN. 
 
 be slow in re-appearing, he employs the vapour 
 bath, or frictions, either dry, or with the addition 
 of stimulating liniments. He does not hesitate to 
 prescribe both tonics and stimulants, when, on ac- 
 count of the weakness of the subjects, the eruption 
 does not maintain its proper character and course. 
 He confines convalescents to a pretty severe regi- 
 men, and administers purgatives but seldom, and 
 those only of the mildest kind. 
 
 The treatment of scarlatina differs little from 
 that of measles. M. Jadelot recommends us to exa- 
 mine carefully the state of the throat, in order that 
 we may be able to oppose in time the angina gan- 
 grenosa, which often comes to complicate the dis- 
 order. 
 
 The angina gangrenosa is identical, whether it 
 be preceded by scarlatina, or manifest itself without 
 previous disease. At the commencement of this 
 affection, which is generally inflammatory, M. Ja- 
 delot follows a treatment purely antiphlogistic ; 
 but when he perceives, in the bottom of the throat, 
 broad whitish spots, accompanied with signs of 
 general debility, he has immediate recourse to si- 
 napisms to the feet, gargles, consisting of a decoc- 
 tion of cinchona, cataplasms of the flour of rice, 
 prepared with the same decoction, and sprinkled 
 with aromatic vinegar at the moment when ap- 
 plied to the throat, enemata of the camphorated 
 decoction of bark, diluent drinks, and fumigations 
 with vinegar, directed towards the bottom of the 
 throat. He favours the action of the bark cata- 
 plasms by frictions, made on the sides of the neck, 
 with liniment of ammonia. Sometimes, though 
 rarely, it is necessary to resort to the internal ad- 
 ministration of tonics. 
 
 Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the air 
 passages is a very frequent disease of infancy, 
 and the nearer it is to the larynx, its severity is 
 
HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN. 61 
 
 vhe more obvious. M. Jadelot is the first who at- 
 tained, by an attentive examination of the patient, 
 a knowledge of the precise seat of the angina, a 
 circumstance of great importance as to the treat- 
 ment, which ought to be conducted with more or 
 less activity, according as the larynx or trachea is 
 affected, or rather according to the extent of the 
 inflammation in the lining membrane of the air 
 tube. This treatment consists in the application 
 of leeches to the fore part of the neck, in sina- 
 pisms to the inferior extremities, laxative or pur- 
 gative enemata, and emetics. He gives the pre- 
 ference, in general, to ipecacuanha in powder or in 
 sirup, and employs it in the case of weak subjects, 
 of a sluggish system, after having abated the in- 
 flammation by topical bleeding. He entertains, in 
 such cases, no fear from its frequent repetition, 
 even at short intervals. 
 
 M. Jadelot considers croup as a species of angina 
 of the air passage, offering more violent symptoms, 
 and having, as its special character, veritable parox- 
 ysms, divided by well marked remissions. He ad- 
 mits of different degrees in the disorder with re- 
 gard to intensity, but without changing his opinion 
 respecting its nature.* Emetics, and the abstrac- 
 tion of blood by leeches, are the remedies chiefly 
 employed in the treatment of croup. An emetic 
 alone has often sufficed to check the disease, espe- 
 cially in weak, pale subjects ; but in other eases, 
 he insists on the application of leeches,! and en- 
 
 * M. Guersent, in his clinical lectures, notices a false croup, which 
 is cured without any other means than diet, rest in bed, and demul- 
 cent drinks. 
 
62 HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN. 
 
 courages the flow of blood, until the child become 
 pale, or the force of the pulse much diminished 
 If the bleeding be suspended too soon, we run the 
 risk of not arresting the evil, and are obliged, as 
 the troublesome consequence of this, to re-apply 
 the leeches. After the bleeding, an emetic is 
 given, and vomiting kept up at intervals of two or 
 three hours, arid this practice is attended with the 
 greatest success, the children finding relief after 
 each act of vomition. 
 
 When croup has reached the second stage without 
 having been subdued, and the presence of a false 
 membrane is suspected, M. Jadelot again applies 
 leeches. As soon as they have fallen off, he excites 
 vomiting, and in this case he employs, in spoonfuls 
 every ten minutes or quarter of an hour, the potion 
 termed anti-croupale, (vide Table,) until the effect 
 of vomiting is obtained. He equally insists on the 
 use of derivatives, which act on the skin or intestinal 
 canal; and recommends also to provoke sneezing as 
 a means of detaching the false membrane from the 
 trachea. 
 
 As to the question whether, when the disease is 
 very rapid, we should commence by blood-letting or 
 by an emetic, M. Jadelot thinks that we should first 
 bleed if the child be robust, and present symptoms of 
 congestion towards the superior parts; but, on the 
 contrary, that an emetic should precede blood-letting, 
 which can afterwards be practised, when the subject 
 is pale, and when little heat or fever exist. 
 
 The sulphuret of potass is a medicine which he 
 
 by means of the blue st.one' In order to apply it suitably, it is neces- 
 sary to dry the bites, and as soon as there is formed a small blackish 
 crust, to cover it with a small piece of agaric, supported by the pres- 
 sure of the ringer for a few minutes. Lastly, cauterization, by means 
 of a small stylet, raised to a white heat, of all the methods is the 
 most sure, and least painful. 
 
HOSPITAL FOR CHILDBED. 63 
 
 rarely employs in croup, and when the inflammation 
 runs high he regards it as dangerous. The dose 
 varies, but it ought not to exceed half a drachm in 
 the twenty-four hours. 
 
 After numerous observations, M. Jadelot believes 
 he has ground for the opinion that pertussis consists 
 in an inflammation of the bronchia, associated with a 
 particular lesion of the nerves, which distinguishes it 
 from ordinary catarrhs. In consequence of viewing 
 the disease in this light, the treatment consists in 
 blood-letting, relaxants, exhibited in various forms, 
 employing at the same time derivative's* and nar- 
 cotics. Besides the internal use of narcotics, their ex- 
 ternal application to the thorax is also directed, which 
 is done by sprinkling a cataplasm with a drachm or 
 two of pure laudanum, or with a solution of the 
 extract of opium, 
 
 In Hydrocephalus Acutus, M. Jadelot distinguish- 
 es a gastro-intestinal irritation, which shows itself at 
 the outset of the disease, and whichprecedes more 
 or less the developement of the cerebral symptoms, 
 and to which he opposes topical blood-letting, with 
 emollient applications to the abdomen. When the 
 head, subsequently, appears to be the principal seat of 
 the affection, he adopts antiphlogistic measures, with 
 an immediate view to the condition of this organ; 
 without losing sight, however, of the abdominal irri- 
 tation. He does not apply ice to the head, except 
 in the first stage of the disease, before effusion has 
 formed, and when there exists a violent congestion 
 towards the brain. He advises us not to have re- 
 course to this application till after the necessary local 
 
 * Sinapisms of such strength as only to produce a slight redness, 
 and often renewed- Frictions on the arms and chest with acetic ether. 
 Towards the end of the disease, grood effects are obtained from blis,- 
 
 
64 HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN. 
 
 bleeding has been premised, and to employ it while 
 the patient is placed in a tepid bath. Such are the 
 means used in the first stage ; but when the symp- 
 toms have made known the existence of effusion be- 
 neath the cranium, M. Jadelot resorts to external 
 derivatives: he applies a blister to the nape of the 
 neck, and orders frictions of the extremities with 
 acetic* ether, or with volatile and aromatic liniments, 
 mercurial frictions to the shaven head, repeated 
 every three, four, or six hours, after having washed 
 the head in the intervals with some ammoniacal lini- 
 ment. He administers, at the same time, calomel 
 internally, in the dose of two, three, or four grains, 
 repeated four or five times a day. Finally, the 
 extreme resource is a very large vesicatory to the 
 head. 
 
 These general observations on the Parisian hos- 
 pitals I have added to this work, with the view of 
 furnishing to readers some documents on these es- 
 tablishments, so important to medical education. I 
 am far from considering this sketch as complete : 
 the subject is too extensive and too interesting to be 
 treated incidentally; it may furnish, perhaps, 
 alone, the subject of a subsequent work, which, to 
 the foreigner especially, may prove interesting and 
 curious.* 
 
 From the abundance of materials, I have been 
 obliged to omit many things even of interest, and if 
 I have insisted more on certain hospitals, it is be- 
 cause, from different circumstances, they are more 
 particularly appropriated to instruction : this kind 
 of preference implies no disregard on my part for 
 individuals of whom I have not spoken. 
 
 * M. Ratier was engaged, when this edition appeared, with a work 
 of the above description, under the title of Coup tf&il sur les Cli- 
 niques Medieales de la Faculte etdes Hopitaux Civiles de Paris, and 
 which was to appear in the Archives Generate de Medicine. TV. 
 
HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN* 65 
 
 The physician who visits the hospitals of Paris, 
 will observe, with satisfaction, the zeal and talent 
 with which their interests are conducted. He will 
 find that, for the subtle and sometimes seductive 
 theories of the ancient school, is now substituted the 
 course of analysis and reason ; and in comparing the 
 practice, he will not fail to discover an agreement 
 and analogy, which furnish a very strong proof in 
 favour of the actual state of medicine. 
 
 The physiological doctrine, more or less modified , 
 but resting untouched in so far as regards therapeu- 
 tics, is almost universally adopted, either avowedly, 
 or in gradations,' which it is easy to trace. 
 
 Much caution is, in general, shown in the employ- 
 ment of tonics, stimulants, &c., useful remedies, 
 without doubt, but of which there has been a singu- 
 lar abuse. 
 
 Reason and observation have brought back physi- 
 cians to the expecting practice. Some confidence 
 is placed in the conservative powers of Nature, and 
 polypharmacy has given way, in many eases, to the 
 judicious use and combination of hygenic agents.* 
 The resources, however, of the materia medica are 
 not neglected ; for by experiments, repeated in many 
 of the hospitals, and by different practitioners, it is 
 endeavoured to determine the properties of new 
 substances, to verify those which the ancients have 
 ascribed to medicines they have transmitted us, and 
 to discover new applications of them. 
 
 * The more any one frequents the different hospitals, the more 
 will he be convinced of the good course into which the physicians 
 have generally entered. Empirical methods receive little encourage- 
 ment. They are trie.d, because we ought not to reject any new 
 knowledge ; but as soon as it is proved that the enthusiasm of the 
 inventors has imposed on them, these unsafe courses are abandoned, 
 to return to the means sanctioned by experience, and the knowledge 
 of the human organization. Such has been the history of the em- 
 ployment, in large doses, of the Emetic Tartar. 
 
 6* 
 
66 HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN. 
 
 Finally, instead of losing time in learned disser- 
 tations, too often useless, it is sought to multiply 
 observations, and to extend researches into patho- 
 logical anatomy, the only solid basis of medical 
 science. It is to this happy direction of spirit that 
 we owe the actual state of the science, our intimacy 
 with which, if it has not been much extended, has, 
 at least, gained much in certainty and precision. 
 
PRACTICAL FORMULARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE HOSPITALS OF PARIS. 
 
 8-tgns and Abbreviations of the Weights and Measures. 
 
 ft Pound. 
 
 g Ounce. 
 
 3 Drachm. 
 
 9 Scruple. 
 
 gr Grain. 
 
 fs Half* 
 
 Manip Handful. 
 
 ^7 Of each. 
 
 BATHS. 
 
 UNDER the name of BATH is designed a liquid 
 into which the body is plunged, either entirely or in 
 part, and for a longer or shorter period. Baths are 
 
 * This sign expresses the half of the quantity which precedes it. 
 
 It is proper to apprise the reader, that the French weights have 
 been retained in this Formulary. The difference between them and 
 our own is so inconsiderable, that scarcely any serious error could 
 arise from the substitution of the one for the other, while, by an at- 
 tempt to reduce them to an exact correspondence with English 
 weights, we must have been led into the inconvenience of giving 
 Fractional numbers. By referring to the tables given by Dr. Duncan 
 in the Edinburgh New Dispensatory, the reader may easily maka 
 himself acquainted with thr comparative values of the French and 
 English weights, TV. 
 
6 BATHS* 
 
 of different kinds, and are distinguished into uomes- 
 tic and medicinal, general and local. The baths of 
 simple water are the most frequently employed, 
 from a temperature of 25 to 30 degrees,* or even to 
 the temperature of ice. Among the medicinal baths 
 in common use, maybe mentioned the aromatic, the 
 sulphureous, mercurial, <fee. 
 
 The local bath is preferred in cases where it is 
 the intention to relax or soften parts that are tume- 
 fied and painful, or when it is necessary to deter- 
 mine a local congestion, such as is occasioned by the 
 pediluvium or hip-bath. 
 
 The tepid bath of simple water is the most gene- 
 rally employed in acute inflammatory affections, 
 rheumatic pains, and nervous diseases : it is an ad- 
 mirable mean, the use of which cannot be too much 
 extended. 
 
 Medicines are sometimes administered under the 
 form of baths, when the stomach is unable to sup- 
 port them; bat the cutaneous absorption is seldom 
 sufficiently powerful to allow u to calculate on any 
 certain benefit. Some have employed, as a mean, 
 of exciting the skin, the tartar emetic baths, using, 
 as the largest quantity, a pound of the medicine for 
 each bath. 
 
 For local baths are used the emollient^ aromatic, 
 and narcotic fluids that are employed for fomenta- 
 tions, lotions, &c, 
 
 Anti^psoric Bath, (Hotel-Dieu.) 
 
 Sulphured Potassse Jfe i. 
 
 Aquae q. s. 
 
 * The degrees here expressed are those of ReaMnnr. To bring 
 
 them to ttvcole of Fahrenheit, one degree of which equal to 4r$&* 
 
 of a degree of Reaamar a, it a necessary to multiply by 9, and divide 
 
 'The quotient, gives the ccrresnms&fly avmber of <fcgre0v Off 
 
<l VTrf>. 
 
 Tins Imlli lias broil nnployod wiili some success 
 iiifainsl .psora; but , ns a . nMiiiMly, it in not UK; most 
 
 ..Innmtlv- ll,ilh,(\M I'itH'. M. JUi.i.v.) 
 Aqiur ....................... cj. s. 
 
 Rorisinarini Oil* ......... x 
 
 ' OH* ............. / 
 
 Tliyini 
 Boil, and add to Ilic 
 
 Kssonlia- Siiponis ............. ^ iv. 
 
 1 lydro-chloratis Ammoniic ..... 3 " 
 Used in c.lirnnic diarrhceaB, chronic rlicMiiiinl.isin.s. 
 >ni( ^outy affections, dyspepsia, consumption, :in<l 
 atrophia. (JVbtc by M. Bal/;/.) 
 
 Anti-syphilitic Bath, (HApital des V6nerions.) 
 
 *Deuto-chloridiHydrargyri. . gr. vi. xii. 
 AqucB Distillates ............... ft viii. 
 
 Aquce Communis(30) .......... }fe cc. 
 
 This bath, employed against syphilis, has not been 
 followed by results sufficiently satisfactory to 1^ 
 continued in use. 
 
 Mercurial Bath, (Maisoii de Sante.) 
 Deuto-chloridi Ilydnir/ryri . ... 3 ii. 3 * 
 Aqilffi ........................ ]fe CC 
 
 Mercurial baths are employed against venereal 
 
 * I have adopted the term chloride to exproiw tho combination! of 
 chlorine, at) legg exceptionable than that of chlorurety which htii been 
 inaccurately applied liy tiio French- The Iflrmiimtion urt-i. having 
 been nuloctod to exprCBH in cornpoiindH tl'- .\i^t<;iici: ol' rurltun in 
 
 ftammable bodiei, i, in contct oomenotEtttr9 f inapplietbto to ;lii<- 
 
 tino, which, ranking anion^ tin- ucidil'vin^ |irinci|)h'>, ijht, in ilir 
 Name way as oxygon, to have itn cnmbinHinnm diiti-d ly hn BrllnhlB 
 ide-~ T> 
 
BATH*. 
 
 affections in the cases where we have reason to fear 
 the action of the sublimate upon the stomach. We 
 commence with two drachms for each, carrying it 
 to the extent of one ounce. Thirty baths suffice, 
 in general, for the treatment. 
 
 Sulphureous Bath, (Hopital des Enfans.) 
 
 Sulphureti Potass^ 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae Communis ft c. 
 
 This bath, used in the same circumstances as 
 the sulphureous bath of the other hospitals, differs 
 nothing from it but in the proportion of sulphuret, 
 accommodated to the delicacy of the skin in young 
 subjects* 
 
 Sulphureous Bath with Gelatin. (M. DUPUYTREN.) 
 
 Sulphureti Potassse 3 iv. 
 
 Aquse Communis 3j cc. 
 
 Add to this solution, 
 
 Ichthyocollae fe ii. 
 
 In Aquse Bullientis solutse ft x. 
 
 These baths have all the properties of those of 
 the artificial Bareges waters, and are free from their 
 inconvenience. They do not irritate nor excite that 
 feverishness which the latter not unfrequently do. 
 The addition of the gelatine communicates to them 
 unctuous and demulcent qualities, which render 
 them preferable to the common sulphur baths, in 
 all cases where we dread any irritating effects from 
 the latter. (Note communicated by Professor Du- 
 puytren.) 
 
 Alcaline Foot Bath, (Saint Antoine.) 
 
 Subcarbonatis Potassse 3 viii. 
 
 Aqua3 q. s. 
 
 From the irritation it determines to the feet, em- 
 ployed often as a revulsive in sanguineous conges- 
 tions of the superior parts 
 
BATHS, 71 
 
 tMustard Pediluvium. 
 
 Pulvcris Sinapeos g iv. 
 
 Aquae q s. 
 
 Employed in the same cases as the preceding : 
 The temperature at which it is given is of some 
 consequence* When the water is very hot, its 
 impression is rapid, but transitory, and the afflux 
 of blood towards the head soon returns with greater 
 impetuosity. On the contrary, the pediluvium, 
 when tepid, a/cts by the irritating quality of the 
 mustard, determines a permanent repletion of the 
 inferior extremities, and produces a much more 
 powerful derivation. 
 
 Hand Baths. These are prepared with mus- 
 tard, or the carbonate of potassa, sometimes with 
 the hydro-chloric acid. They are useful in cases 
 where the blood directs itself too abundantly to- 
 wards 'the chest, as in aneurism of the heart, hae- 
 moptysis, asthma, &c. About half the* quantity is 
 used as that prescribed for a bath to the feet. 
 
 Aqueous Vapour Baths. The vapour baths 
 are produced by the evaporation of boiling water 
 in a suitable apparatus. They are used with suc- 
 cess in rheumatic and cutaneous affections, and in 
 every case where it is proper to provoke a free 
 exhalation from the skin. Recent experiments, 
 made at the Hospital of St. Louis, have proved, 
 that they can suffice for the removal of psora 
 without any accessory treatment. The use of the 
 aqueous vapour bath is avoided in subjects in whom 
 the thorax is delicate, and in those affected with 
 asthma, or aneurism of the heart. In all cases it 
 is necessary that the patient be placed for the first 
 time on the lowest step, arising only by degrees 
 at the higher, where the heat is more violent. 
 
 Aromatic Vapour Bath. This is administered by 
 making the vapour of water pass over different aro- 
 
tX JJATHS. 
 
 matic plants, the active principles of which it carries 
 off in its passage. This bath, more powerful than 
 the preceding, is employed in analogous affections, 
 but showing a greater intensity. As it is adminis- 
 tered in the same apparatus, and by the same proce- 
 dure, the same precautions, already mentioned, are 
 applicable, 
 
 Sulphureous Baths of Bareges. 
 
 Sulphureti Potassse 3 iv. 
 
 Aquas Commuiiis ]fe cc. 
 
 These baths, at first applied to the treatment of 
 cutaneous affections, have been extended with more 
 or less success to a number of very different diseases. 
 Their stimulant action on the skin renders them 
 useful when the object is to effect a derivation on 
 an extensive surface. Several practitioners have 
 had recourse to them with advantage in nervous dis- 
 eases, as a mean of remedying the unequal distribu- 
 tion of the hervtms sensibility. 
 
 Douches. To the action of the liquid, the douches 
 unite a percussion more or less considerable. The 
 douches are administered by causing to fall, from a 
 certain height on the p^rt affected, a body of warm 
 or cold water, either simple or medicated. They 
 are distinguished into simple, or la douche en arro- 
 soir, (shower bath,) according as a column of water, 
 more or less considerable, falls upon a part, or is di- 
 vided into a number of small streams. M. Esquirol 
 has erected at La Salpetriere an apparatus fitted to 
 administer the douches en masses, that is to say, in 
 which a considerable volume of water is precipita- 
 ted at once. 
 
 The shower baths directed on the head are em- 
 ployed in the treatment of the insane. They are 
 administered while the patient is placed in a warm 
 bath. Their application to different parts of the 
 body is recommended in chronic distensions of the 
 
CAT AM- ASMS, * 3 
 
 viscera in rigidities, contractions of the articulations, 
 &c. For this purpose, the natural or artificial min- 
 eral waters, sulphureous, ferruginous, thermal, are 
 generally preferred. 
 
 The ascending douches are given by means of a 
 canula fitted to the pipe of an elevated reservoir. 
 They are directed to the intestinum rectum and va- 
 gina, by introducing the canula into these cavities. 
 Good effects are often obtained from them in cases 
 of obstinate constipation, leucorrhoea, and in chronic 
 affections of the uterus which had been suspected a? 
 schirrus. 
 
 Affusions. Affusions simply consist in throwing 
 cold water over the whole or a part of the body. In 
 cerebral affections they are used to the head while 
 the patient is kept in the warm bath. Affusion of 
 the whole body has been practised in cases of adyna- 
 mic and ataxic fevers; it may be said, however, to 
 be seldom employed. 
 
 CATAPLASMS. 
 
 A cataplasm is a soft, pultaceous composition, de- 
 signed to be applied on a part, forthe purpose of there 
 accumulating heat, and forming a sort of bath. It 
 is made of pulps, powders, or farina, either with 
 pure water, with decoction of plants, or with milk. 
 Oils, fats, or ointments, are sometimes added. Cat- 
 aplasms are usually employed warm ; and are placed 
 on all parts of the body. Those most in use are 
 the emollient, narcotic, and the sinapism. 
 
 Emollient Cataplasm. 
 
 FarinaB Seminum Lini . . ) _ ,pn,ialp 
 
 Hordei ( a a P 
 
 Aquas q. s. 
 
 Applied to external inflammatory tumours. It 
 also acts by contiguity when placed on the skin, 
 in the case of inflammation of subjacent parts. It 
 7 
 
74 CATAPLASMS. 
 
 is likewise a convenient means of encouraging the 
 flow of blood after the application of leeches. 
 
 Suppurative Cataplasm, (Hotel-Dieu.) 
 
 Cataplasmatis emollientis ft ii. 
 
 Unguenti resinosi 3 i. ii. 
 
 Employed with advantage, when the intention 
 is to bring quickly a phlegmonous tumour to sup- 
 puration. 
 
 Anodyne- Cataplasm, (Hotel-Dieu.) 
 
 Pulveris Seminum Lini * ft i. 
 
 Hordei ft i. 
 
 Decocti Narcotici* q. s. 
 
 Tincturse Opii, vel 
 
 Solutionis Opii Crudi 3 i. ii. 
 
 This cataplasm, both narcotic and relaxing, serves 
 well in inflammations, whether external or internal, 
 accompanied with acute pain. 
 
 Cataplasm for Hospital Gangrene. (Hotel-Dieu.) 
 
 Gataplasmatis emollientis. 
 
 Citri medicse concisse. 
 
 Pulveris Kino, (according to prescription.) 
 This application has been used with advantage 
 in cases where wounds or ulcers have assumed 
 that unhealthy action, originating from an hospital 
 atmosphere : nothing, however, is of more import- 
 ance in such cases than attention to cleanliness 
 and regimen. 
 
 Anti-septic Cataplasm, (Hotel-Dieu.) 
 
 Cataplasmatis emollientis. 
 
 Pulveris Kino. 
 
 C amphorae, (according to prescription.) 
 
 S^&ecoctions. 
 
CS. 75 
 
 Used in the same cases as the preceding, and in 
 simple gangrene. 
 
 Resolvent Cataplasm, (Venereal Hospital.) 
 
 Cataplasmatis emollientis. g iv. 
 
 Sub-acetatis Plumbi g i. 
 
 Hydro-chloratis Ammonise 3 fs. 
 
 Applied to inflammatory tumours when they 
 have become less sensible, and when they require 
 to be gently excited. 
 
 Sinapism, (Venereal Hospital.) 
 
 Cerevisiae fermenti g iv. 
 
 FarinsB Seminum Sinapeos g i. 
 
 Acidi Acetici fortis q. s. 
 
 This cataplasm is usefully employed as a rubefa- 
 cient and derivative. The sinapism, common to 
 all the hospitals, consists of g iv. of the flour of 
 mustard, with a suitable proportion of vinegar. 
 At the Hospice de la Maternite, an ounce of the 
 hydro-chlorate of ammonia is added, to render it 
 more irritating. 
 
 Mild Sinapism,( Hospital for children.) 
 
 Cataplasmatis Lini g iv. 
 
 Farinte Sinapeos g fs. 
 
 This sinapism is preferred as less irritating, and 
 is employed in cases where it is necessary to en- 
 courage towards the inferior extremities a conti- 
 nued, rather than a very rapid derivation. M. 
 Jadelot has recourse to it with much success in 
 cerebral affections ; M. Lerminier prescribes often 
 its application in. fever, with congestion towards 
 some important organ, particularly to the head. 
 
 Chamomile Cataplasm, (Idem.) 
 
 Florum Antheraidis Nobilis g iv. 
 
 Acidi Acetici . , g iv. 
 
70 
 
 Resolvent Cataplasm , (Idem.) 
 Saponis Albi ................... g iv, 
 
 Farinas Seminum Hordei ...... 3 viii. 
 
 Aquae ........................ q. s. 
 
 These two cataplasms, although differing in com- 
 position, are nearly analogous in their properties, 
 
 COLLYRIA. 
 
 The name of Collyria is given to preparations 
 ihat are applied to the eyes. They are usually 
 Hquid, and are composed of infusions, decoctions, 
 or distilled waters, with the addition of various 
 substances. 
 
 Dry collyria consist of simple or compound 
 powders, which are blown " between the eyelids 
 and the globe of the eye. 
 
 Dry Collyrium, (Hotel Dieu. M. RECAMIER.) 
 
 Tere simul in Pulverem. 
 
 Dry Collyrium. (Hotel Dieu.- M. DUPUYTREN.) 
 Sacchari Albi .................. 3 ii. 
 
 Oxidi Hydrargyri Rubri ......... gr. x. 
 
 Oxidi Zinci Impuri prseparati . . gr.xx. 
 
 The dry collyria are employed, by being blown 
 into the eyes, when, in consequence of chronic oph- 
 thalmia, there exist specks on the transparent 
 cornea. Although their composition varies, they 
 have all the same object, which they more or less 
 fulfil. 
 
 Simple Detersive Collyrium., (H6tel-Dieu, Saint 
 
 Antoine.) 
 Aquae Rosas distillatse ........ g iv. 
 
 Snlphatis Zinci . ....... , . . - or \ v 
 
Resolvent Collyrium, (Idem.) 
 Infusi Florum Sambuci Nigrse . 3 * v / 
 
 Acetatis Plumbi , gr. yi. 
 
 Alcoholic 3 " 
 
 These two collyria possess analogous properties, 
 They are used in chronic ophthalmia, kept up by a 
 state of debility of the tissues. They act by pro- 
 ducing an astriction which diminishes the afflux 
 of fluids to the part. 
 
 Sacchari Crystallizati 3 i. 
 
 Iridis Florentines . . . . , 51. 
 
 Lapidis Divini* ......... 3 i. 
 
 Spiritus Tennioris g * 
 
 Aquse distillate 3 i. fs. 
 
 M. Recamier recommends this collyrium agaiflS.t 
 specks of the cornea in scrofulous subjects. 
 
 Resolutive Collyrium^ (Venereal Hospital.) 
 
 Florum Meliloti . . . , * . . 3 fs. 
 
 Aquae . . . .ft i. 
 
 Acetatis Plumbi 3 i. 
 
 \-el Acetatis Cupri * gr. x. 
 
 vel Sulphatis Zinci 3 fs, 
 
 vel Sulphatis Cupri gr. x. 
 
 * Pierre Divine, the name vulgarly given to a mass of salts fused 
 by heat, and used in solution ae a coJlyrium. The following is the 
 formula given for it in the French Pharmacopoeia: 
 
 Sulphatis Cupri puri 
 
 Nitratis Potassae 
 
 Sulphatis Alumina 
 The ealts are reduced to powder, and fused in a crucible A drachm 
 f powdered camphor is added, and the mass, when cooled, get 
 apart for use. To form a coljyriurn, one drachm of the matter ttitts 
 prepared is dift&Ived in two pounds of common water. Tf*. 
 
t COLLYRiA* 
 
 Dry Collyrium. (Idem.) 
 
 Sacehari Crystallizati > ,_ ~j 
 
 Oxidi Zinci Imp. prsep....$ a 
 
 Dry Collyrium, (Saint Antoine.) 
 
 Opii gr-iv. 
 
 Proto-chloridis Hydrargyri : ) i. 
 
 Sacchari Purificati 9 i. 
 
 Deuto-chloridi Hydrargyri. . ,-. .gr. i. 
 
 Gummi Tragacanthse 9 i. 
 
 Tincturse Opii gtt. xviii. 
 
 Aquse Rosse . 3 iv. 
 
 This colly rium is serviceable in obstinate oph- 
 thalmies, whether depending on a venereal taint, or 
 unconnected with it. Its action is soothing, and 
 powerfully resolvent. 
 
 Aluminous Colyrium. (Saint Antoine.) 
 
 Aqua? Rosse ) 
 
 Aquse Communis ( a a ^ 
 
 Sulphatis x^lumini et Potassse 9 i. 
 
 This preparation acts as a styptic, which fits it to 
 restore the tonicity of the conjunctiva, after inflam- 
 mation of that membrane. 
 
 Emollient Collyrium^ (Hopital des Enfans.) 
 Radicis Althaeas Officinalis ..... 3 ii. 
 
 Aquse Ife i- 
 
 Employed in inflammations of the conjunctiva, ac- 
 companied with violent irritation. 
 
 Collyrium of Roses and Melilot, (Idem,) 
 
 Aquae Rosae 3 iv. 
 
 Infusi Meliloti 3 iv - 
 
 A weak resolutive, and useful in the second stage 
 
COLLYRIA, 79 
 
 of inflammation, or at the commencement of a slight 
 ophthalmia. 
 
 Resolutive Collyria, (Idem.) 
 Infusi Florum Sambuci Nigrse. . .ft i. 
 Acetatis Pluinbi 3 fs. 
 
 Oxidi Zinci gr. vi. 
 
 AquaB Plantaginis Majoris 3 y i* 
 
 Employed with advantage at the commencement 
 of ophthalmia in a debilitated subject, in whom there 
 is little reason to fear that the inflammation will be 
 intense, or at the end of acute ophthalmia, when the 
 irritation has been previously combated by the appro- 
 priate remedies. 
 
 Opiate Collyrium, (Hdpital des Enfans.) 
 
 Aquae Jfe i. 
 
 Extracti Opii 3 fs. 
 
 Anodyne Collyrium^ (Idem. M. JADELOT.) 
 
 Colchici Autumnalis 3 i. 
 
 A quae Lini bullientis g iv. 
 
 Tincturse Opii 3 i. 
 
 These two collyria are used in the inflammations, 
 accompanied with great sensibility. 
 
 Astringent Collyrium, (Idem.) 
 
 Infusi Sambuci Nigrse Jfe i. 
 
 Sulphatis Zinci 9 i. 
 
 Much employed in scrofulous ophthalmies, which 
 are usually attended with a puriform exudation, 
 more or less abundant. 
 
 Opiate Collyrium^ (La Charite.) 
 
 Aquse distillatae 3 iv. 
 
 Extracti Opii aquosi , . . . gr. ii. 
 
Collyriwn of the Sulphate of Zinc , (Ideffl.) 
 
 Aquae Rosse 3 iv. 
 
 Sulphatis Zinci * . . gr. xvi. 
 
 Collyrium of the Acetate of Lead ', (Idem.) 
 
 Aquse Communis . ,3 iv. 
 
 Acetatis Plumbi . . . . gr. x. 
 
 These two collyria are astringent and resolutive., 
 according to the stage of the disease in which they 
 are applied. They facilitate resolution when used 
 in an ophthalmia nearly terminating, arid prevent 
 its return when it has ceased, by the astriction 
 which they produce in the capillary vessels of the 
 conjunctiva. 
 
 FOMENTATIONS. 
 
 A fomentation is a remedy which consists in the 
 application of a fluid by means of a flannel or 
 sponge to some part of the body, forming there a 
 species of tepid bath, preserved for a longer or 
 snorter time, by renewing it when it becomes cold. 
 Fomentations are usually prepared from the infu- 
 sion, or rather the decoction, of some mucilaginous 
 and narcotic plants. 
 
 Fomentations, to be efficacious, should be often 
 renewed ; for, when allowed to become cold, they 
 are frequently more hurtful than useful. It is on 
 this account that, in many cases, practitioners pre- 
 fer the applications of cataplasms. I have placed 
 lotions under the same head with fomentations, as 
 there is an analogy betwixt them, in so much as 
 they are often composed of the same fluids. Some, 
 however, are composed of particular medicaments, 
 as those employed in the treatment of psora, &c. 
 
FOMENTATIONS. 81 
 
 Vinous Fomentations , (H6tel-Dieu.) 
 
 Vini Rubri ft ii. 
 
 Foliorum Rosse Gallicae 3 ^* 
 
 Vini Rubri ft ii. 
 
 Mellis . .... 3 iv. 
 
 These two fomentations are applied to parts in 
 which it is necessary to reanimate the vital proper- 
 ties. A piece of charpie soaked in them is laid over 
 wounds and ulcers whose surfaces, from deficient 
 action, furnish a suppuration of a bad quality. 
 
 Saponaceous Fomentation, (H6tel-Dieu.) 
 
 Spiritus Vini Gallici ft ii. 
 
 Saponis Medicinalis 3 i. 
 
 This solution is useful in different cases where a 
 resolvent application is required. It is frequently 
 employed in sprains, and in different lesions of the 
 joints, after the inflammation has disappeared. 
 
 Narcotic Fomentation, (H6tel-Dieu.) 
 
 Opii 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae ft i. 
 
 The name of this fomentation indicates the cir- 
 cumstances in which it should be had recourse to. 
 
 Anti-Psoric Lotion, (M. DUPUYTREN,) 
 
 Sulphureti Potassae 3 iv. 
 
 Aquae ft i. 
 
 Acidi Sulphurici 3 iv. 
 
 Employed successfully in psora; it is repeated 
 two or three times a-day on the parts covered with 
 pustules, and to this treatment the simple bath is 
 Conjoined, 
 
82 FOMENTATIONS. 
 
 Mustard Fomentation, (La Charite. M. Fou- 
 QUIER.) 
 
 Faringe Sinapeos 3 iv. 
 
 A quse Ferventis Jfe i. 
 
 When it is wished to prolong irritation, linen 
 cloths, soaked in this solution, are substituted for 
 sinapisms By this mean a degree of heat is main- 
 tained calculated to draw blood to the feet, and to 
 diminish the congestion that may tend to establish 
 itself in the brain, or any other important organ. 
 
 Emollient Fomentation, (La Maternite.) 
 
 Seminum Lini 3 ii. 
 
 Foliorum Althaeae Officinalis 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae fe ii. 
 
 Employed in inflammatory affections of the abdo- 
 men, and in cases of the inflammatory oedema so com- 
 mon as a consequence of parturition. With the ad- 
 dition of a few poppy heads, it Is often thought pre- 
 ferable, as more likely to diminish the nervous sus- 
 ceptibility. 
 
 Resolvent Fomentation, (Maternite.) 
 
 Florum Meliloti ) 
 
 Sambuci Nigraj . . . . $ a a 3 ^ 
 
 Foliorum Menthae > 
 
 Salviae Officinalis ^ 
 
 Aquas bullientis ft ii. 
 
 Spiritus Vim Gallici 3 iij. 
 
 vel Acidi Acetici 3 i. 
 
 Used in slight inflammations, and in those more 
 severe, which have been diminished by antiphlogis- 
 tic treatment. 
 
FOMENTATIONS. 83 
 
 Radicis Potentillee Reptantis* g i. 
 
 Corticis Quercus 3 vi. 
 
 Foliorum Rosee Gallicae 3 vi. 
 
 Aquse ffei. 
 
 Useful in cases that require astringent applica- 
 tions. It is rendered more powerful by the addi- 
 tion of the sulphate of zinc, or acetate of lead. 
 
 Supertartratis Potassas solubilisf . . 3 i. 
 
 Aquae ft i. 
 
 Prescribed against fungous, atonic, and gangren- 
 ous ulcers, either in lotion or fomentation. 
 
 Foliorum Nicotiariae Tabaci 5 ii. 
 
 Aquae fe i. 
 
 Though employed in psora, the removal of which 
 it sometimes very rabidly procures, it is far from 
 an eligible remedy, from the nausea and vomiting 
 it is apt to occasion. 
 
 Mercurial Lotions, St. Louis. (M. MAURY.) 
 
 Hydrargyri 3 ii. 
 
 Acidi Nitrici 3 iv. 
 
 Aquse distillatae jfe x. 
 
 Treat the mercury with the nitric acid, and com- 
 plete the solution by adding the distilled water. 
 
 * Cinqfoil, or five leaved grass. Root and leaves are astringent, 
 and sometimes used as a wash, to strengthen the gums. 
 
 t The supertartrate of potasaa is rendered soluble by being com- 
 bined with a proportion of boracic acid. The formula generally 
 adopted is the following : 
 
 Supertartrate of Potassa .... 4 parts. 
 
 Boracic Acid 1 do. 
 
 Distilled Water 24 do. 
 
 The mixture is exposed to lieat till the supertartrate be dissolved, 
 and is then filtered and evaporated to dryness. The mass is afterwards 
 reduced to powder. See a paper on this subject by M. Sonbeirani fn 
 the Journal de Pharmacie, torn. ix. TV. 
 
84 FOMENT ATIOISs. 
 
 Half an ounce morning and evening is used as a 
 lotion. 
 
 This solution, of which Dr. Maury was the first 
 to give the formula, is now at the Hospital of St. 
 Louis in habitual use in the treatment of psora, 
 not because it cures it more promptly than other 
 preparations, but as being convenient and econo- 
 mical, and free also from the objection of staining 
 the linen. It has proved to be very efficacious in 
 the prurigo formicans, and also in the prurigo pe- 
 diculariis. Its irritating action is corrected by the 
 addition of camphor in the proportion of two 
 drachms to the chopin. The medium duration of 
 the treatment is about twenty-three days. 
 
 Saponaceous Alcoholic Lotion, (St. Louis. M. 
 LUGOL.) 
 
 Saponis Albi . . , 3 viii. 
 
 Alcoholis ft ii. 
 
 M. Lugol was led to employ this solution in 
 seeking against psora a remedy free from the incon- 
 venience of staining the linen. It possesses that 
 advantage, but as it is rather expensive, it is more 
 applicable in private practice than in an hospital, 
 where the more economical means ought to have 
 the preference. 
 
 Lotions of M. Alibert, (St. Louis.) 
 
 I. Sulphureti Potassse 3 i. ii. 
 
 Aquae fe i. 
 
 II. Acidi Hydro-chlorici 3 i. ii* 
 
 Aquae distillatae )fe ii. 
 
 Mix one ounce of each lotion with four ounces 
 of warm water, to be applied by means of a sponge. 
 This lotion has been employed with some suc- 
 , in psora. 
 
FOMENTATIONS. 85 
 
 Astringent Lotion. (M. ALIBERT.) 
 
 Aquse ROSEB . . . . fe fs. 
 
 Aluminis 3 iii. 
 
 Hydro-chloratis AmmoniaB 3 i. 
 
 Solutio. Sulphuros. Baregise 3 i. 
 
 Mercurial Lotion. (M. ALIBERT.) 
 
 Deuto-chloridi Hydrargyri 3 i. 
 
 Aquse distillatse ft i. 
 
 This solution is employed in the quantity of one 
 to two ounces. A bit of linen or sponge is soaked 
 in it, with which the parts affected are bathed. 
 M. Alibert employs it with success in the treat- 
 ment of some cutaneous affections, especially in 
 those which are of a syphilitic nature. As to the 
 red colour of this preparation, it is owing to the 
 alkalet,* added in order to prevent any dangerous 
 mistake. 
 
 Lotions with Sulphur and Soap, (Saint Louis.) 
 
 Sulphuris > _ ... 
 
 SaponisAlbi \ aa % m ' 
 
 Aquae Ife xv. 
 
 Dissolve .the soap, grated down, in the water 
 express it through a piece of linen, and add the 
 sulphur. 
 
 These lotions employed against psora, have 
 succeeded in the majority of cases. The only in- 
 convenience attending them is, that they some- 
 times excite redness and pimples, which, however, 
 soon disappear on the treatment being for a little 
 suspended. 
 
 *Anchusa Tinctoria. 
 
86 FOMENTATIONS. 
 
 Astringent Fomentation, (Hopital des Enfans.) 
 
 Radicis Bistortae % ii. 
 
 Corticis Punicse Granati 3 ii. 
 
 Vini Rubri jfe i. 
 
 Hydro-chloratis Ammoniae . .. . . 3 ii. 
 
 Vinous Lotion, ( ) 
 
 Vini Rubri fe i. 
 
 Mellis . , 3 ii. 
 
 Tonic, astringent, and resolvent, useful in the 
 case of wounds and ulcers of a bad aspect. 
 
 Infusi Florum Sambuci Nigrse . . . }fe i. 
 
 Alcoholis camphorati 3 ii. 
 
 Stimulant and resolutive, employed with advan- 
 tage in scrofulous children, in the case of chronic 
 and indolent glandular obstructions. 
 
 Saponis 3 ii. 
 
 Alcoholis Ife i. 
 
 This lotion is powerfully resolvent, and may be 
 used with efficacy in the treatment of psora. 
 
 Lotions of Bark, ( ) 
 
 Cinchonse 3 i. 
 
 Aquse }fe i. 
 
 With the addition of 3 viii. of camphorated alco- 
 hol, this lotion is rendered more powerful, and 
 may be employed wherever a tonic and stimulant 
 application is required. 
 
 Anodyne Lotions, (Salpetriere. M. MAGENDIE.) 
 Aque? distillates Lactucse ....... ft ii. 
 
 *Acidi Hydro-cyanici Medicinalis . 3 ii. 
 
 The quantity, as a lotion, may be carried to the 
 
 *See article Hydro-cyanic Acid. 
 
FUMIGATIONS. 87 
 
 extent of four drachms applied in cases of herpes 
 and ulcerated cancer, and as an injection in cancer 
 of the uterus. 
 
 Narcotic Fomentation, (Maison de Sante.) 
 
 Foliorum Solani Dulcamara? g ii. 
 
 Capsularum Papaveris Albi 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae Jfe i. 
 
 This decoction is much used at the Maison de 
 Sante, as a fomentation, an injection, and enema in 
 every case where a soothing remedy, is needful. 
 
 Vini Salviae Officinalis Jfe ii. 
 
 Alcoholis Camphorati 3 viii. 
 
 Stimulant and tonic. Vinous^jmentations are 
 also made with jumper berries and sage, which 
 are stimulant and aromatic. 
 
 Vegeto-Mineral Water ', (La Charite.) 
 
 Aquae Communis 3 viii. 
 
 Sub-acetatis Plumbi 3 i. 
 
 Astringent and discutient ; a common applica- 
 tion to sprains, &c., and to wet the bandages and 
 dressings in the case of fractures. 
 
 FUMIGATIONS. 
 
 A fumigation may be said to be a medicated va- 
 pour, designed to form a general or local bath, and 
 applied by means of a suitable apparatus. They 
 are frequently employed against diseases of the 
 skin, and their good effects have perhaps been ex- 
 aggerated ; as in psora, tor example, their applica- 
 tion i& cften ineffectual. 
 
 Fumigations may be composed from different 
 kinds of substances. Those most in use are the 
 sulphureous, mercurial, alcoholic, and aromatic. 
 
88 FUMIGATIONS. 
 
 Under the name of fumigation, commonly at- 
 taching the epithet disinfecting, is included the 
 vapour of chlorine, and of other mineral substan- 
 ces, products of chemical operations, and destined 
 to purify the air by absorbing deleterious gases. 
 
 Fumigation of Chlorine, (all the Hospitals.) 
 
 Chloridi Sodii ft , i. 
 
 Oxidi Manganesii 3 v. 
 
 Aquae ft i. 
 
 *Acidi Sulphurici ft i. 
 
 This fumigation is designed to purify the air by 
 a chemical combination of the chlorine with the 
 prejudicial gases. The salt and the oxide of man- 
 ganese, with t^p water, are put into a varnished 
 earthen vessel ;The acid is then poured on, and the 
 mixture stirred from time to time. It is neces- 
 sary that the patients be removed from the wards 
 when it is employ 'd, as the vapour is extremely 
 pungent, producing oppression, and a sensation of 
 heat in the thorax. 
 
 Acidi Sulphurici 3 i. 
 
 Nitratis Potassae gr. s. 
 
 In this fumigation, less employed than the for- 
 mer, there is a disengagement of nitrous gas. 
 
 Mercurial Fumigation, (Venereal Hospital.) 
 
 Sulphureti Hydrargyri Rubri 3 fs. 
 
 Gummi-resinse Juniperi Lycia3 . . 3 ii. 
 Employed in the venereal disease, and especially 
 when the skin is affected. 
 
 * In the chemical action which takes place, the muriate of soda 
 (chloride of sodium) and oxide of manganese are decomposed. The 
 sulphuric acid combines with the soda and manganese, while the 
 muriatic acid, receiving oxygen from the oxide of manganese, is 
 'iberated in the form of chlorine, or oxymuriatic aeid gas, Tr. 
 
FUMIGATIONS. 80 
 
 Aqueous Fumigation, (Maternite.) 
 
 This fumigation is employed very often, under 
 the bed-covering of the patients, in cases of pro- 
 longed shivering, and where it is proper to excite 
 diaphoresis. It is administered by means of a vase of 
 boiling water, provided with a curved tube, which 
 directs the vapour. The bed-clothes are raised by 
 a small frame of wood in form of an arch. 
 
 Sulphureous Fumigations, (St. Louis,* La Charite.) 
 These consist in vapours disengaged by sulphur 
 An combustion, and received in suitable apparatus. 
 About half an ounce is used for each fumigation. 
 They have been much celebrated against psora, va- 
 rious cutaneous affections, and even in many other 
 diseases. Some individuals are unable to support 
 them, especially those whose lungs are delicate. 
 Although employed with success against psora, they 
 are not so efficacious as the sulphureous baths. 
 
 Alcoholic fumigations have been tried in the treat- 
 ment of psora, but with so little advantage that they 
 are now seldom prescribed. 
 
 Fumigations of Cinnabar, (Id.) 
 Sulphureti Hydrargyri Rubri . . 3 i. fs. iii. 
 Administered in the same apparatus as the sul- 
 phureous fumigations. They are peculiarly exci- 
 ting and sudorific, and are employed in different chro- 
 nic diseases of the skin, but more particularly in old 
 and obstinate cases of syphilis. During their use 
 we should guard against salivation, which is a fre- 
 quent consequence. 
 
 Fumigation of Chlorine, 
 
 Muriatis Sodse partes 75. 
 
 Oxidi Manganesi Nigri 25. 
 
 Acidi Sulphurici deluti* 75, 
 
 * The sulphuric acid ought to be so far diluted with water, that its 
 specific gravity may become to that of water as 1.400 to 100. 
 
90 GARGLES. 
 
 Expose the whole to a gentle heat, and let the va- 
 pour be received into a suitable apparatus. 
 
 GARGLES. 
 
 A gargle is a liquid preparation, employed in affec- 
 tions of the pharynx, amygdalae, and palate. They 
 are of different kinds, emollient, astringent, deter- 
 gent, tonic, &c. v A precaution, which the majority 
 of practitioners recommend, is, not to agitate the li- 
 quid in the throat, as is commonly done, but to let 
 it rest merely on the parts affected, by laying the 
 head back. 
 
 Demulcent Gargle, (H6tel-Dieu.) 
 
 Decocti Althsese Officinal 3 vi. 
 
 Syrupi Mellis 3 ii- 
 
 Employed in inflammatory angina, and forming 
 a useful part of the antiphlogistic treatment. 
 
 Detergent Gargle, (Id.) 
 
 Decocti Hordei 3 vi. 
 
 Mellis Rosarum 3 ii. 
 
 Acidi Sulphurici gtt. xx. 
 
 Given with advantage when eschars are formed 
 in the pharynx, and on -the amygdalae, and when it 
 is necessary to excite the ulcerations left by their 
 fall. 
 
 Astringent Gargle, (- ) 
 
 Decocti Hordei 3 iii. 
 
 Ropae 3 iii. 
 
 Sulphatis Alurninis ... . , 3 i. 
 
 Mellis Rosarum 3 " 
 
 Used in the third stage of inflammation, when 
 swelling continues, the heat and pain having ceased. 
 
GARGLES. 91 
 
 Anti-Scorbutic Gargle, ( ) 
 
 Infusa Amari 3 vi. 
 
 Tincturae Cochlearise Armor. . . 3 fs. 
 
 Mellis Rosarum 3 " 
 
 This gargle is intended as a wash also to the 
 mouth in the case of scorbutic affections, when the 
 mucous membrane which lines that cavity, is puff- 
 ed, and covered with atonic ulcerations. We 
 ihould be cautious, however, in prescribing it in 
 that variety of scorbutus named acute. 
 
 Anti-septic Gargle, ( ) 
 
 Decocti Cinchonee 3 vi. 
 
 Camphor gr. *x. 
 
 Hydro-chloratis Ammonise . . . gr. xii. 
 In cynanche maligna, but not so often employed 
 as formerly. 
 
 Capsul. Papaveris contus 3 * 
 
 Seminum Lini 3 i 
 
 Aquae bullientis 3 vi. 
 
 Syrupi Mellis 3 ii. 
 
 Acidulous Gargle, (Venereal Hospital.) 
 
 Decocti Hordei 3 v *- 
 
 Mellis Rosarum 3 vi. 
 
 Acidi Acetici 3 ii. 
 
 vel Acidi Sulphurici q. s. 
 
 Astringent Gargle, ( ) 
 
 Decocti Hordei 3 iv. 
 
 Fol. Rosse Gallicae ) 
 
 Gallarum > TH 3 i 
 
 Corticis Punicae Granati ) 
 
 Vini Rubri 3 iv. 
 
 Mellis Rosarum 3 . 
 
 Acidi Sulphurici .q. s. 
 
92 UABGLES. 
 
 Anti-Syphilitic Gargle, ( . ) 
 
 Decocti Hordei 3 vi. 
 
 Syrupi Mellis 3 ii. 
 
 Deuto-chloridi Hydrargyri gr. i. ii. 
 
 This gargle is employed in the case of angina with 
 syphilitic ulcerations of the pharynx or velum pa- 
 lati. 
 
 Detergent Gargle, (St. Antoine.) 
 
 Mellis Rosarum 3 i. 
 
 Acidi Sulphurici gtt. xx. 
 
 Decocti Hordei 3 iv. 
 
 Mercurial Gargle, (La Charite.) 
 
 Aquae distillatae 3 iv. 
 
 Deuto-chloridi Hydrargyri gr. ii. 
 
 Syrupi Mellis 3 fs, 
 
 Muriatic Acid Gargle, ( ) 
 
 Infusi Cinchonae 3 iv. 
 
 Syrupi Mellis 3 i. 
 
 Aeidi Muriatici gtt. xviii- 
 
 This gargle is used in chronic inflammations, when 
 pain and swelling have been previously diminished 
 by the antiphlogistic treatment. It is also useful 
 in cynanche maligna. 
 
 Gargle of Cinchona, (Maison de Sante.) 
 
 Decocti Cinchonse 3 vi. 
 
 Acidi Acetici 3 iij. 
 
 Mellis . , 3 i. 
 
 Decocti Hordei jfe i. fs. 
 
 Syrapi Gummi Arab 3 i. 
 
 Boratis Sodas . ... 3 ij. 
 
 Resolvent and astringent. 
 
GAKGLES. 93 
 
 Chloric Gargle, ( ) 
 
 Gummi Tragacanthae gr. xii. 
 
 Chlorinae > ro 
 
 Syrupi Sacchari \ a a 5 IS 
 
 Aquae 3 iv. 
 
 Stimulant and detergent. 
 
 Mercurial Gargle, ( ) 
 
 Foliorum Conii maculat. siccat..g fs. 
 
 Aquee . . . jfe L fs. 
 
 Fiat decoctio, et adde, 
 
 Mellis g ii. 
 
 Deuto-chloridi Hydrargyri gr. iii. 
 
 Tincturas Opii 3 i. 
 
 Acetous Gargle, ( ) 
 
 Acidi Acetici 3 ii. 
 
 Aquas g xii. 
 
 Mellis g i. fs. 
 
 Hydro-Chloratis Ammoniae. .... 3 i. 
 
 Astringent Gargle, ( ) 
 
 Acetatis Plumbi 3 fs. 
 
 Decocti Hordei Jfe i. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis g i. 
 
 Detergent Gargle, (Hdpital des Enfans.) 
 
 Decocti Hordei , Jfe i. 
 
 Acidi Hydro-Chlorici 3 ii. 
 
 Mellis Rosacei g i. 
 
 When the aphthas have an atonic character, this 
 composition may be had recourse to with advan- 
 
 Acidulous Gargle of Cinchona, ( . ) 
 
 Cinchonas 3 ii, 
 
 Mellis Rosacei 3 i. 
 
 Acidi Muriatici 3 i. 
 
 Aquae , , , ,. .jfe i. 
 
94 OJJECTIONS, 
 
 INJECTIONS. 
 
 Injections are liquid compositions, analogous in 
 their nature to fomentations. The parts into which 
 they are injected are the external auditory passages, 
 the canal of the urethra, the bladder, and also fistu- 
 lous cavities, cysts, and the tunica vaginalis, in the 
 case of hydrocele. 
 
 Tonic Injection, (Hotel-Dieu.) 
 
 Cinchonas ...... .3 ii. 
 
 Aquae ft ii. 
 
 Employed against the chronic discharges which 
 remain after inflammation, and which are then con- 
 sidered as connected with a state of debility and lax- 
 ity of the tissues. 
 
 Capsul. Papav. Som 3 i. 
 
 Caulium Solani Dulca 31. 
 
 Aquae Communis ft i. 
 
 Decoque, et adde, 
 
 Extract! Opii gr. x. xx. 
 
 Much employed in the case of urethral blennor- 
 rhagy, to diminish irritation and pain, of which the 
 urethra and vagina are the seat. These injections 
 are repeated several times a-day. 
 
 Resolvent Injection, ( Venereal Hospital.) 
 
 Aquae distillatae ft i. 
 
 Acetatis Plumbi 3 ii. iv. 
 
 Mercurial Injection., ( ) 
 
 Deuto-chloridi Hydrargyri. . . gr, xii. 
 
 AqusB distiilatae \ ft ii. 
 
 Viai Opii Compositi 3 L 
 
 Used at the Venereal Hospital, especially in the 
 
EDEMATA. 95 
 
 case of females who have syphilitic ulcerations of 
 the genital organs. 
 
 Chloridi Sodii partem 1 , 
 
 Aquse Communis partes 12. 
 
 M. Cullerier employs this preparation with success 
 
 against the mucous discharges frcm the vagina when 
 
 the acute stage is past. 
 
 Stimulant Injection, (common to the Hospitals.) 
 Vini Ferventis ft ii. 
 
 Alcoholis (36,) according to prescription. 
 Employed principally in the operation of hydro- 
 cele, to determine adhesive inflammation of the 
 vaginal coat. It can be applied also in cases where 
 we wish to inflame and obliterate a purulent cyst 
 or fistulous canal. 
 
 ENEMATA. 
 
 The design of enemata is to produce on the in- 
 testinal tube an emollient or purgative effect, or to 
 convey into the economy, substances of which the 
 stomach cannot support the impression. When 
 this mode of introduction is chosen, two circum- 
 stances must be attended to .- First. That the ve- 
 hicle be riot too abundant, from fear of distending 
 the intestines, and provoking their peristaltic 
 movement. Second, That the medicinal substance 
 be given in a quantity much more considerable 
 than by the mouth, on accouut of the inferior ac- 
 tivity of the absorbent system in the large intes- 
 tines.* 
 
 * This opinion is the subject of contradictions, which, in order to be 
 judged, have need of comparative experiments. Some pretend that 
 the dose of medicines administered by 'he anus ought to be less strong, 
 seeing that they are not subject to any modification on the pait of 
 the digestive organs, and that they are carried into the torrent of 
 emulation with all their properties and energies- This view is adopt- 
 edT>y some of the hospital physicians. 
 
96 ENEMATA. 
 
 Liquids ought also to be injected in small quan- 
 tity, when the intention is to form a sort of local 
 internal bath, in the case of abdominal inflamma- 
 tion. 
 
 Demulcent Enema, (H6tel-Dieu.) 
 
 Seminum Lini 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae ft ii. 
 
 Olei Olivae 3 ii. 
 
 Employed frequently to induce the alvine eva- 
 cuations, and to temper the heat of which the 
 great intestines may be the seat. It is also a use- 
 ful auxiliary in inflammations of the peritoneum and 
 uterus. 
 
 Astringent Enema, ( ) 
 
 Radicis Bistortae 3 * 
 
 Capsul. Papaveris 3 fs. 
 
 Aquae 5fe ii. 
 
 This enema is used in chronic diarrhoeas and 
 dysentery, and when there is reason to believe 
 that the evacuations depend less on a state of in- 
 flammation, than on debility of the mucous mem- 
 brane. 
 
 Anti-septic Enema, ( ) 
 
 Corticis Cinchonas 3 i. 
 
 Aquae Jfc ii. 
 
 Caraphorae 3 ii. 
 
 Laxative Enema, ( ) 
 
 Decocti Althsese ft i. 
 
 Fol. Sennae 3 fs. 
 
 Sulphatis Sodse 3 ii. 
 
 Employed in common cases of constipation. 
 
ENEMATA. 97 
 
 Tobacco Enema, ( ) 
 
 * Fol. Nicot. Tabaci siccat 3 i. 
 
 Aquae fe ii. 
 
 Tartratis Antimonii et Potassae gr. xii. 
 Powerfully irritant ; is used in cases where there 
 is need of a violent impression on the intestinal 
 tube. It has been recommended in passive drop- 
 sies of the peritoneum. 
 
 Emollient Enema, (common to the Hospitals.) 
 Decocti Seminum Lirii ife i. 
 
 Of all the enemata the most frequently in use ; 
 as there is no disease, perhaps, in which it may not 
 with propriety be given. 
 
 Purgative Enema, (Venereal Hospital.) 
 
 Decocti tini ]fe i. 
 
 Fol. Sennas 3 iv. 
 
 Anti-Syphilitic Enema, ( ) 
 
 Deuto-chloridi Hydrargyri . .gr. ii. 
 
 Aquae distillatae 3 ii. 
 
 Decocti Lini }fe i. 
 
 The corrosive sublimate has been sometimes in- 
 troduced by the large intestines in cases where the 
 stomach will not support this medicine. We ought 
 not to have recourse to this method, too often un- 
 availing, except when the other means have failed. 
 The enema, however, may be useful, when, after 
 impure connexion, the intestinum rectum has be- 
 come the seat of some syphilitic appearances. 
 
 * In the Pharmacopoeia of the Edinburgh Hospital, the formula 
 given for the Enema Nicotian* is 3 i. of the tobacco leaf to Ib. i. of 
 water, macerated for half an hour and strained. Tr. 
 
98 ENEMATA. 
 
 Purgative Enema, (Saint Antoine.j 
 
 Foliorum Sennse 5 fg. 
 
 Sulphatis Sodae 3 fs. 
 
 Mellis Communis g iv. 
 
 Aquae fe i. 
 
 Emollient Enema, (Maternite.) 
 
 Foliorum Malvse Sylvestris ) - 
 
 Bets? Vulgaris f a a * " 
 
 Aquae Communis fe ii. 
 
 Olei Oleae Europ 3 iii. 
 
 Camphorated Enema, ( ) 
 
 Enematis Emollientis fe ii. 
 
 Camphorae 3 ii. 
 
 Vitellum unius ovi. 
 
 4 M. Chaussier prescribes the camphor, in general, 
 in the dose of twelve or fifteen grains, and suspends 
 it often in an infusion of chamomile. This enema 
 forms a part of the stimulant treatment employed 
 in the putrid fevers. 
 
 * 
 Saline Enema, ( . ) 
 
 Enematis Emollientis fe i. 
 
 Muriatis Sodas 3 i. 
 
 Gently laxative. The same result is obtained by 
 substituting for the salt, 
 
 Saponis 3 ii. 
 
 Or these two substances may be combined. 
 
 Starch Enema, (Maison de Sante.) 
 
 Decocti Amyli 3 v. 
 
 Olei Lini 3 i. 
 
 Useful in the treatment of abdomonial inflamma- 
 tions. 
 
EDEMATA. 
 
 AsssefcetidcB 31* 
 
 Vitellum unius ovi. 
 
 Aquae 3 vi. 
 
 This enema is employed conjointly with other 
 means, in the treatment of various nervous affec- 
 tions, and in fevers. 
 
 Poppy Enema, (H6pital des Enfans.) 
 
 Capsul. Papaveris 3 iii 
 
 Aquae... fe i. 
 
 Bark Enema, ( ) 
 
 Cinconae Flavae g fs. 
 
 Aquae & i 
 
 Chamomile Enema, (La Charite.) 
 
 Florum Anthemidis 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae , . jfe i. 
 
 Bark Enema, ( -~) 
 
 Cinchonse 3 i. 
 
 Aquae ft i. 
 
 Employed in severe fevers, when we wish to ex- 
 cite the intestinal canal ; according to circumstan- 
 ces may be added, 
 
 Camphorae 9 i. 
 
 vel Acidi Muriatici diluti 3 fs. 
 
 vel Tinct. Opii 9 i. 
 
 Radicis Filicis Maris 3 i. 
 
 Aquae jfe i. 
 
 This enema constitutes part of the treatment di- 
 rected against intestinal worms. 
 
 Fol. Parietariee 3 fs. 
 
 Aqua? Ife i. 
 
 Used in the treatment of dropsies. M. Fouquier 
 
100 LINIMENTS. 
 
 often adds to it the nitrate or acetate of potass m 
 the dose of one or two drachms. 
 
 Fol. AtropaB Belladonnae siccat. gr xii. 
 
 Aquae bullientis 3 vi. 
 
 This has been employed with success in cases of 
 disease of the urethra or bladder, in which the intro- 
 duction of the sound was prevented by the spasm of 
 neighbouring muscles. The belladonna induces such 
 a relaxation as allows the catheterism to be effected. 
 
 Enema of the Balsam of Copaiba, (Hospice de 
 Perfectionnement. M. VELPEAU.) 
 
 Aquae Gummi Acaciae g iv. 
 
 Balsami Copaibae, vitello ovi, misti3 iv. 
 
 Camphor gr iv. 
 
 Extract! Opii aqubsi gr. i. 
 
 M. Velpeau has employed this enema with much 
 success for arresting the acute or chronic gonorrhoeal 
 discharges. No accident, according to him, follows 
 its use. He considers it greatly preferable to the- 
 administration of the copaiba by the stomach. 
 
 Cubebs Enema, (Hospice de Perfectionnement.) 
 
 Decocti Althseae g vi. 
 
 Pulveris Piperis Cubebae 3 vi. 
 
 M. Velpeau administers this in the same cases as 
 the preceding. 
 
 LINIMENTS. 
 
 Liniments are in general liquid and unctuous pre- 
 parations, which are extended over a part by rub- 
 bing more or less forcibly, according as we wish or 
 not to produce local irritation. Their base is usual- 
 ly oil, in combination with different substances, ac- 
 cording to the ends we propose to obtain. 
 
f 
 
 101 
 
 Stimulating Liniment, (Hotel-Dieu.) 
 Alcoholis Cantharidis .......... 3 ii. 
 
 Powerfully stimulant. If much friction be added, 
 it determines extreme redness, and even the vesica- 
 tion of the skin. It is useful in chronic rheumatic 
 pains, either of the muscles or joints. When . the 
 urinary organs are irritated, its application should 
 he discontinued. 
 
 JLmmoniacal Liniment, ( - ) 
 Olei Olese Europ ........ ...... g v. 
 
 Aquae Ammonise .............. 3 x. 
 
 Stimulant and discutient. 
 
 Opiate Liniment, ( - ) 
 Olei Olese ........ . .......... g iv, 
 
 Vinii Opii ................. 3 i. ii. 
 
 Saponis ..................... g fs, 
 
 Camphor Liniment, (Maternite.) 
 Olei Olese .................. g ii. 
 
 Camphor ................... 3 ii. 
 
 Discutient and antispasmodic ; sometimes employ- 
 ed in embrocations to the abdomen in the case of 
 meteorismus. 
 
 Soap Liniment, (H6tel-Dieu.) 
 *Saponis Medicinalis ....... . . g fs. 
 
 Spiritus TerebinthinaB Comp. . .g ii. 
 Alcoholis (30) ....... . ...... g f s . 
 
 Used as a discutient in the case of chronic and in- 
 dolent tumours, rheumatic pains, and contractions 
 of the joints. 
 
 * The Savon Medicinal is a preparation of the mirreral alkali an*? 
 tho oil of sweet almonds. TV. 
 
 9* 
 
"LINIMENTS. 
 
 Anodyne Liniment, (M. DUPUTTREN.) 
 
 Olei Lilii 3 vi. 
 
 Saponis Albi 3 ii. 
 
 Extract! Hyosciami g fs. 
 
 Acidi Acetosi 3 vi. 
 
 Murlatis Ammonise 3 ii. 
 
 In glandular enlargements. 
 
 Mixture used against Pernio, (M. MARJOLIN.) 
 
 Balsami Peruiferi 3 fs. 
 
 Alcholis g iv. 
 
 Solve, et adde, 
 
 A cidi Hydro-chlorici 3 i. 
 
 Tinctura Benzoini 3 fs. 
 
 Applied several times a-day to the parts affected. 
 
 Opiate Liniment (Venereal Hospital.) 
 
 Olei Olese 3 i. 
 
 *Vim' Opii Comp 3 fs i. 
 
 Mercurial Liniment, ( ) 
 
 Olei Oleae 3 i. 
 
 Aquae Ammoni 3 i. 
 
 Unguenti Hydrargyri Fort 3 i. 
 
 To promote the resolution of venereal tumours. 
 
 Discutient Liniment, (St. Antoine.) 
 
 OleiOlese 3 ii. 
 
 Camphor 3 ii. 
 
 Aqu Calcis 3 fs. 
 
 * The compound wine of opium of the French Pharmacopeia 
 differs nothing from the liquid laudanum of Sydenham, except ia 
 Canella bark being substituted for the cinnamon. The following is 
 Dr. Sydenham' s formula: 
 
 Vini Hispanici, lb- i, ; Opii, f ii. ; Croci, i. ; Pulv. Cinnamom 
 et Caryophyllorum ana, 3 i. ; infundantur simul in B. M. per duej 
 vel tres dies, donee liquor debitam consistentiam acquirat ; col atura 
 servalur prousu- Twenty drops contain about a grain of opiuin. 
 
LINIMENTS. 
 
 Liniment, (used against Pernio.) 
 
 Olei Oleae 3 ii. 
 
 Balsami Peruiferi 31. 
 
 Spermatis Ceti 3 ii. 
 
 Cerae Albae 3 ii. 
 
 Acidi Hydro-chlorici 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae Communis . . . . 3 vi. 
 
 Camphorated Liniment,, (Maison de 
 Sante. M. DUBOIS.) 
 
 Olei Oleae 3 iy. 
 
 Camphorse 3 ii. 
 
 Aquffi Ammonias 3 ii. 
 
 This liniment is very frequently employed by 
 M. Dubois as a discutient in different kinds of tu- 
 mours ; as a tonic rubbed along the vertebral column 
 in weak and rickety infants ; arid as an irritant in 
 the case of rheumatic or nervous pains. 
 
 Spiritous Anodyne Liniment, ( . ) 
 
 Opii 31. 
 
 Saponis Albi 3 fs. 
 
 Camphorae 3 ii. 
 
 *Alcoholis 5 iv. 
 
 The soap and opium are digested in the alcohol 
 during three days ; the liquor is then strained, 
 and the camphor added. In its properties it is 
 nearly the same as the opodeldoc. 
 
 Turpentine Liniment, (Hopital des Enfans.) 
 Spiritus TerebinthinaB Comp. . . g ii. 
 
 Olei Oleae g ii, 
 
 Tinctura C amphorae g i. 
 
 Aquae Ammoniae 3 i. 
 
 * Analogous to this liniment is the Tincttfra Saponia el Opii of 
 the Edinburgh Pharmacopoeia, The latter, perhaps, derive! some 
 additional virtue from the essential oil that enters into its connui- 
 tion< TV. 
 
104 LIMMEKXfii. 
 
 Narcotic Liniment, ( . . .) 
 
 *Olei Narcotici 3 iv, 
 
 Tinct. Opii 3 fs. 
 
 Opiate Liniment, (La Charite.) 
 
 Olei Oleae 3 ii. 
 
 Tinctura Opii 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae Acetat. Plumbi 3 fs, 
 
 Anodyne Liniment, ( M. BOYER.) 
 
 Olei Amygdalae Communis ) 
 
 OleiAnodyni \ aa % ll ' 
 
 Unguenti Altheese 3 i. 
 
 Extracti Opii 3 iii. 
 
 M. Boyer has found this liniment procure re- 
 lief in violent pains, especially in those of a nervous 
 nature. 
 
 Sulphuro-Saponaceous Liniment, (M. JADELOT.) 
 
 Sulphureti Potassse 3 vi. 
 
 Saponis Albi } ii. 
 
 Olei OlesB |fe ii, 
 
 Olei Volatilis Thymi 3 ii. 
 
 The sulphuret is dissolved in the third of its weight 
 of water. The soap is melted by the water bath, 
 and the half of the oil gradually mixed and tritu- 
 rated with it. The solution of the sulphuret, and 
 the mixture of the oil and soap, are then mixed and 
 carefully triturated, and, lastly, the rest of the oil 
 is added. This preparation is employed in differ- 
 
 * Commonly called Baume tranquille. It is placed in the French 
 Pharmacopeia under the head of Compound Medicinal Oils, and is 
 prepared by boiling in olive oil the leaves of various narcotic plants, 
 as Bel.adonna, Hyosciamus, Nicotiaua Tabacum, &c. When 
 strained, the leaves of a number of aromatic plants are added, and 
 allowed to macerate in a close vessel for a considerable time. The 
 oil is then strained, and preserved for use, T*~- 
 
OIXTMENTS AND CERATES. 105 
 
 cut affections of the skin, as herpes, prurigo, &c., 
 but more especially in psora. Its use is generally 
 accompanied with the simple or sulphureous baths. 
 
 Diuretic Liniment, (Bicetre. M. RULLIER.) 
 Tinctures Scillse 
 
 Digitalis 
 
 M. Rullier employs this with a good effect as a 
 liniment in symptomatic anasarca. 
 
 OINTMENTS AND CERATES. 
 
 Under the name of ointments, cerates, and potn- 
 mades, are designated medicinal compositions in- 
 tended for external use, and which differ little, ex- 
 cept in the proportions of their ingredients. They 
 are spread on charpie, which is applied as a dress- 
 ing to wounds and ulcers, or, used in frictions, they 
 are the medium of introducing into the system va- 
 rious medicinal substances. 
 
 Ophthalmic Ointments, (Hotel-Dieu.) 
 
 Unguenti Rosse g i. 
 
 Oxidi Hydrargyri Rubri 3 i. 
 
 Adipis praeparatffi g ii. 
 
 Oxidi Hydrargyri Rubri . .gr. x. 
 
 Sulphatis Zinci gr. xx* 
 
 Adipis praeparatae g hi. 
 
 Oxidi Hydrargyri Rubri g fs. 
 
 Acetatis Plumbi g fs. 
 
 Sulphatis Aluminse g fs. 
 
 Oxidi Zinci Impuri preep g fs. 
 
 Deuto-chloridi Hydrargyri gr. i. 
 
 These three pommades are employed in similar 
 oases, viz. obstinate and chronic pphthalrniej?. kept 
 
106 OINTMENTS AND CERATES, 
 
 up by a general scrofulous diathesis. The second, 
 which is that of M. Dupuytren, is the most used. 
 A little of it is gently inserted into the edges of 
 the eyelids, but it ought not to be employed until 
 the acute inflammation has ceased. 
 
 Resolutive Ointment, (M. DUPUYTREN.) 
 
 Adipis prseparatse 3 ii. 
 
 Submuriatis Hydrar^yri > _ < 
 
 Pulveris Scilke \ ** ** 
 
 Olei Rosarum gtt. iv. 
 
 M. Dupuytren prescribes with success frictions 
 made with this ointment, in cases of chronic infil- 
 trations of the joints. 
 
 Unguenti Rosas 3 iij. 
 
 NitratisvelProto-chloridi ) 
 
 Hydrargyri 5 ** ' 
 
 Prescribed by M. Dupuytren in herpetic eruptions- 
 
 Epispastic Ointment, (M. MARJOLIN.) 
 
 Pulverjs Cantharidis Vesicat 3 i. 
 
 Adipis prseparatse |fe i. 
 
 Cerae Plavce 3 i. fs. 
 
 To promote suppuration from issues, and from 
 surfaces after the application of a blister. 
 
 Pulveris Cantharidis g ii. 
 
 Aquas }fe i. fs. 
 
 Boil for half an hour; strain, and boil a second 
 time in another vessel ; evaporate the decoction to 
 eleven ounces, and add, 
 
 Adipis PneparaUe 3 xii. 
 
 OleiOleoe ) 
 
 Cera Alb*} aa^vm. 
 
 Boil till the water is evaporated, and when the 
 mass is cooled, add. 
 
 Camphors? in pulverera tritse. .3 fs. 
 
OINTMENTS AND CERATES. 107 
 
 M. Marjolin considers this pommade as the fittest 
 to encourage suppuration, without producing too 
 much irritation, and without acting on the urinary 
 passages. 
 
 Simple Digestive Ointment , (Venereal Hospital.) 
 Unguenti Terebinthirise Comp. . . 3 ii. * 
 Vitellum Ovi. 
 
 Olei OJea? 3 ii. 
 
 Used for the dressing of wounds and ulcers. Prom 
 its slightly stimulating property, it maintains them 
 in that state of vitality necessary for their cure. 
 
 Unguenti Terebinthinse C omp. ) 
 
 Styracis \ a "3 1L 
 
 Vitellum Ovi. 
 
 Essentise Terebinthinae 3 i. 
 
 More stimulating than the preceding. It is well 
 adapted for antonic ulcers, of a pale and fungous 
 surface, and yielding suppuration of a bad quality. 
 
 Opiate Digestive Ointment, ( .) 
 
 Unguenti digestivi simpl g iv. 
 
 Vini Opii Comp 3 i. 
 
 Pulveris Opii 3 ii. 
 
 When wounds and ulcers are attended with vio- 
 lent pain, by reason of the sensibility of the parts 
 affected, considerable relief may sometimes be ob- 
 tained from this ointment. 
 
 Sulphur Ointment, ( ) 
 
 Adipis Suilli ft i. 
 
 Sulphuris Sublimati 3 viii. 
 
 From three to six drachms in friction. Applied 
 also as a dressing in the case where syphilis is 
 combined with a psoric affection. 
 
; <*** OIJN'TMENTS AND CERATES. 
 
 Opium Ointment, ( 
 
 Cerati Simplicis .............. g i\ . 
 
 Pulveris Opii .............. 3 i. ii. 
 
 Mercurial Ointment, ( - ) 
 
 Half a drachm to two drachms in frictions on 
 the inner sides of the extremities, or lateral parts 
 of the trunk. 
 
 Mild Mercurial Ointment? ( - ) 
 Adipis Suilli ................ ft i. 
 
 Hydrargyri Pur ............. 3 ii. 
 
 These two preparations often occasion the mer- 
 curial salivation. 
 
 Mercurial Cerate, ( - ) 
 Unguenti Hydrargyri ........ 3 iv. 
 
 Cerati Simplicis ........... 3 x. 
 
 More especially applied as a dressing to vene- 
 real ulcers. 
 
 Mercurial Ointment, with Opium, ( - ^) 
 Unguenti Hydrargyri Fort . . . g iv. 
 Pulveris Opii ............... g ii. 
 
 Used in the dressing of wounds and venereal 
 ulcers, when attended with much pain. To the 
 specific virtue of the mercury is associated the se- 
 dative property of the opium. 
 
 Mercurial Digestive Ointment, ( - ) 
 Unguenti Hydrargyri > 
 
 Digestivi simpl. \ a a 3 1V 
 To rouse the vitality in ulcerated surfaces eon- 
 
 ' Named vulgarly Ongoent Napolitain. TV. 
 
OINTMENTS Afffc CERATES. 109 
 
 sequent to syphilitic infection, when they are pale, 
 fangous, and suppurating unfavourably. 
 
 Brown Ointment, ( ) 
 
 Unguenti Resinosi g iv. 
 
 Oxidi Hydrargyri Rubri gr. xii. 
 
 Stimulant. 
 
 JLnti-Herpetic Ointment, (M. CULLERIER.) 
 Sub-sulphatis Hydrargyri Flavi. .3 i. 
 
 Tincturae Opii 3 i. 
 
 Sulphuris Sublimati 3 fs. 
 
 Adipis Suiili 31. 
 
 M. Cullerier has employed this ointment with 
 some success in the treatment of different herpetic 
 affections, conjoining with it the use of the simple 
 water bath. 
 
 Alkaline Ointment, (M. CULLERIER.) 
 
 Carbonatis Sodae 3 ii. 
 
 Vini Opii Coinp 31. 
 
 Adipis SuUli 3 i. 
 
 This ointment may be used in different affec- 
 tions of the skin, the opium which it contains 
 rendering it useful in cases where there exists 
 much pain. 
 
 Ophthalmic Ointment, (Hopital des Enfans. M. 
 JADELOT.) 
 
 Butyri recentis 3 ii. 
 
 Hydrargyri Precipitati Albi . .gr. xii. 
 
 Camphorsa gr. viii. 
 
 Oxidi Zinci Imp. Prsep gr. xv. 
 
 Coci Butyracese Olei Fixi 3 Is. 
 
 In scrofulous ophthalmia. A quantity, about the 
 size of a pin's head, is put on the edges of the eye- 
 lids, every second or third day, at bed-time, 
 10 
 
110 OINTMENTS AND CERATES. 
 
 Camphorated Ointment, (Maternite.) 
 Butyri recentis ............... 3 iii. 
 
 Spermatis Ceti ............... 3 iL 
 
 Cerse Albse .................. 3 iii. 
 
 Melt, and triturate with the mass, 
 
 Camphone ........... ) _ 
 
 Oxidi Zinci Albi ..... \ a * S r< 11J> 
 
 This ointment is chiefly used in diseases of tlit 
 eyelids. When they become glued during sleep 
 a little of it ~is spread on a piece of fine linen 
 which is applied to the edge of the eyelids, and 
 retained by a band. 
 
 Ointment of the Oxide of Mercury, ( ) 
 
 Butyri recentis ............... 3 iii . 
 
 Cera? Alb .................. 3 iv. 
 
 Melt, and add, 
 Oxidi Hydrargyri rubri ........ 3 i. fs. 
 
 This ointment, of which the proportions vary, is 
 known under the name of Pommade de Regent. 
 It is employed in chronic affections of the eyelids, 
 and globe of the eye. In acute inflammations of 
 these parts its use would be injurious. 
 
 M. Chaussier has often directed frictions of the 
 abdomen with this ointment, in the second stage 
 of peritonitis, repeated two or three times a-day. 
 He considers them calculated to favour its termi- 
 nation. 
 
 Ointment of Belladonna, (M. CHAUESIER.) 
 Extracti Belladonna? .......... 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae distillate .............. 3 ii. 
 
 Adipis Suilli. . ................ 3 ii. 
 
OINTMENTS AND CERATES, 111 
 
 Observing the property which the belladonna has 
 in producing dilatation of the pupil, M. Chaussier 
 thought to "profit by it, for obtaining relaxation of 
 the cervix uteri. It was with this view that he 
 directed the above ointment, from which, in the 
 ease of rigidity of the cervix uteri, a good effect 
 has been obtained, by its facilitating either the 
 natural passage of the foetus, or the manipulations 
 necessary for its extraction. It is applied by means 
 of a small syringe, the canula of which is of suf- 
 ficient size to admit the end of the finger ; it is fill- 
 ed with about two drachms of the ointment, 
 which, by pushing the piston, is applied upon the 
 neck of the uterus. This method, which maintains 
 the immediate and prolonged contact of the sub- 
 stance with, the parts on which it ought to act, 
 appears to M. Chaussier preferable to injections 
 or fomentations. 
 
 Ointment of Sub -Sulphate of Mercury, (St. Louis. 
 
 M. ALIBERT.) 
 
 Sub-sulphatis Hydrargyri Flavi . .3 ii. 
 Adipis Suilli .................. Jfe ii. 
 
 The sub-sulphate, reduced to a fine powder, is 
 incorporated with the melted axunge, which is stir- 
 red until entirely cooled. Employed by M. Alibert 
 with success in herpetic affections. (Note com- 
 municated by Jtf. 
 
 Sulphuro-Alkaline Ointment, ( -- ) 
 Sulphuris Sublimati ............... parte duas. 
 
 . Sub-carbonat. PotassaB purificatae . . partem unam. 
 Adipis Suilli . . ................... partes octo. 
 
 This ointment is much employed at the Hospital 
 of St. Louis, in the treatment of psora. It effects 
 a speedy cure, and without irritating the skin ; but 
 it hag an unpleasant odour, and stains the linen. 
 (Note by M. Alibert.} 
 
112 OIINTMKSTS ASD CERATE?., 
 
 Ointment of JIT. JHclier, (St. Louis. , 
 
 JSub-carbonatis Potassse 3 ii. 
 
 Aquse 3 i. 
 
 Olei Olese 3 iv. 
 
 Sulphuris Sublimati 3 v. 
 
 Dissolve, by the aid of heat, the sub-carbonate 
 in the water, add the oil, and mix the sulphur gra- 
 dually by trituration. In this compound, the oil 
 and alkali are in the proportion suitable for forming" 
 a soap. It is an efficacious application in psora, 
 neither irritating the skin nor soiling the linen. 
 Two drachms of camphor can be substituted for the 
 sulphur. The medium duration of treatment is 
 thirteen days. '-(Note by Jtt. Metier.) 
 
 Ointment for Tinea Capitis, (M. ALIBERT.) 
 
 Sub-carbonatis Sodae 3 iij. 
 
 Sulphureti Potassae 3 iii. 
 
 Adipis prseparatse 3 iii. 
 
 Applied daily to the head by friction, having pre- 
 viously procured the fall of the crusts or scales by 
 means of emollient cataplasms. (Note by Jft. AH- 
 bert.) 
 
 Ointment of Soap and Sulphur, (M. LUGOL.) 
 
 Sulphuris Sublimati > 
 
 SaponisAlbi J * fc * 
 
 Dissolve the soap by trituration in water pass- 
 through a filter, and add the sulphur. 
 
 Employed against psora. The redness which it 
 determines disappears, under the use of the tepid 
 bath. M. Lugol thinks that it combines every ad- 
 vantage, and merits the preference over all other 
 remedies, since it produces a speedy cure, and not 
 soiling the linen, allows us to preserve the cleanli- 
 ness of the wards. The duration of treatment in 
 eighty-eight patients has never exceeded thirty 
 days : the medium term is from nine to ten day?. 
 
OINTMENTS AM> CERATES. lltf 
 
 Etpispastic Ointment, (Charite.- M. Hor 
 Unguenti Populci* .... ........ 3 i. 
 
 Cerae Albas ........... , ...... g i. 
 
 Caiitharidis Ves ....... > _ 
 
 Corticis Daphnes Gnidii \ a a g ' 
 
 Antiherpetic Ointment, (M. FOUQUIER.) 
 
 Adipis prseparatse ............. 3 * 
 
 Submuriatis Hydrargyri ....... 3 i. 
 
 Florum Sulphuris ............ 3 ii. 
 
 Jlntiherpetic Ointment, (M. DUBOIS.) 
 Unguenti CucumerisHorten. . .3 fs. 
 Nitratis Hydrargyri . . ......... 3 ii. 
 
 lintimonial Ointment, (common to the Hospitals.) 
 Adipis prseparatse ............ g ii. 
 
 Tartratis Antimonii .......... 3 ii. 
 
 The tartar emetic ointment is used -in a greaf 
 number of diseases as a powerful derivative. By 
 means of frictions, repeated three or four times a- 
 day, we produce an eruption of pustules analogous 
 to those of cow-pox. This method is much more 
 efficacious than the application of an adhesive plas- 
 ter powdered with the tartrate. Both, however, 
 are recommended in pertussis, and in obstinate af- 
 fections of the chest in general. 
 
 Ointment, No. l,(St. Louis. M. BIETT.) 
 Proto-sulphatis Hydrargyri ...... 31. 
 
 Sulphuris Sublimati . .......... 3 ij. 
 
 Adipis praeparatse ........... 3 ii. 
 
 Essentise Citri Medicae ...... gr. xv. 
 
 This ointment is particularly serviceable in some 
 varieties of herpes. (Note by M. Biett.} 
 
 * Ointment of henbane, poppy, and belladonna ; made by boiling 
 the fresh and bruised leaves of these plants with prepared lard.-- TV. 
 
Ointment, No. 2, ( ) 
 
 >SubmuriatisHydrarg. et Ammonias* 3 i. Is. 
 
 Camphor 9 i, 
 
 Aclipis Suilli % ii. 
 
 Applicable in the pustular variety of herpes, when 
 the inflammation has been subdued by appropriate 
 means. (Note by J\L Biett.) 
 
 Ointment, No. 3, (St. Louis. M. BIETT.) 
 
 Calcis 3 i. 
 
 Proto-carbonatis Sodae 3 ii. 
 
 Extracti Opii aquosi gr. x. 
 
 Adipis Suilli 3 ii. 
 
 The efficacy of this ointment has. been confirm- 
 ed in the different species of prurigo. (M. Biett.} 
 
 Ointment, No. 4, (St. Louis. M. BIETT.) 
 Sulphureti Hydrargyri rubri . . 3 i. fs. 
 
 Hydro-chloratis Ammonise 3 fs. 
 
 Adipis praeparatae g ii. 
 
 Aqus3 Rosarum 3 i. 
 
 This ointment is specially adapted to the pruri- 
 go pedicularis. It not only allays the itching, but 
 diminishes remarkably that continual purulent ex- 
 cretion, with which the patients are so much in- 
 commoded. (M. Biett.) 
 
 Icdine Ointment, (St. Louis. M. BIETT.) 
 Deuto-iodureti Hydrargyri . . . . gr. xv. 
 
 Atiips prseparat83 T. 3 ii. 
 
 Olei Limonis Bergamottee . . .gtt. xx. 
 Syphilitic tubercules, or chronic ulceration, the 
 sequel of constitutional syphilis, have been speedi- 
 ly cured, or at least beneficially modified, by appli- 
 
 * Hydrargyrum precipitatum album. TV- 
 
OINTMENTS AttD CERATES. 115 
 
 Nations of this substance; but its great activity re- 
 quires close attention. The following is much less 
 active, and may, perhaps, be employed without any 
 inconvenience. (M. Biett.) 
 
 Proto-iodureti Hydrargyri .3 fs. 
 
 Adipis prseparataB 3 i. fs. 
 
 Olei gtt. xv. 
 
 Syphilitic ulcerations, which had resisted a va- 
 riety of means, have been seen to cicatrize rapidly 
 by applications of this ointment. 
 
 The combinations of iodine and mercury, for 
 which we are indebted to the able physician of 
 Geneva, M. Coindet, had not been tried when I 
 commenced the first experiments in 1821. The 
 proto-ioduret was first tried in small doses. In the 
 proportion of a twenty-fourth part to the mass of 
 lard, I found it could be adopted in the majority of 
 cases. The deuto-ioduret, more active than the 
 deuto-chloruret of mercury itself, occasioned in se- 
 veral patients, and even in a few instants, an intense 
 erysipelatous inflammation on the parts tt> a which 
 it was applied. After many trials, I confined my- 
 self to the proportions indicated in the above for- 
 mula, which, however, may be varied according to 
 the case, and the susceptibility of the individual. 
 This new class of substances offers a valuable re- 
 source, and merits well the attention of the experi- 
 mentalist.- (JVpte by M. Biett.) 
 
 Ointment of the Cyanuret of Mercury , (St. Louis.- 
 M. BIETT.) 
 
 Cyanureti Hydrargyri gr. xvi. 
 
 Adipis prseparatae g i. 
 
 Essentise Citri Medica? gtt. xv. 
 
 This ointment, recently employed at the Hospi- 
 tal of St. Louis, has been productive of good effects 
 in some species of herpes, attended with intense 
 inflammation and itching. (M. Biett.) 
 
116 PILLS AND BOJU.SL>. 
 
 Hydro-cyanatis Hydrargyri . .gr. xvi. 
 
 Adipis prroparata: 3 i. 
 
 Olei gtt. x. 
 
 . This salt, in its action, is much analogous to the 
 cyanuret of mercury, and may be employed in thf 
 same cases >(JL Biett.) 
 
 PILLS AND BOLUSES. 
 
 The difference between these forms of prepara- 
 tions consists only in their volume. The name of 
 bolus is given to pills which weigh more than six 
 grains. 
 
 As pills so readily become hard, and are apt in 
 that state to pass through the intestines without 
 exercising their action, it is proper, after their ex- 
 hibition, to give a few spoonfuls of tisane to the pa- 
 tient, in order to facilitate their solution. 
 
 In the hospitals, few substances, in general, arc 
 employed under the form of pill. It is the form, 
 however, in which M. Fouquier has almost always 
 administered the extracts of the poisonous plants. 
 
 Febrifuge #o&ms,( Hotel-Die u.) 
 
 Pulveris Cinchona g i. 
 
 Muriatis Ammonias gr. xxiv. 
 
 Carbonatis gr. xxiv. 
 
 Tartratis Antimonii gr. xviii. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis q. s. 
 
 Employed by several physicians of the Hotel- 
 Dieu in paroxysmal fevers. It is given in por- 
 tions more or less considerable, during the apy- 
 rexia. 
 
 Conserve Rosse Caninae 3 ii. 
 
 Succi Baccaa Sambuci Inspiss 3 i. 
 
 Extract! Cinchonas 3 i- 
 
PILLS AND BOLUSES. 117 
 
 M. Dupuytren, in some cases, prefers the ex- 
 tract to the powder of cinchona, as being much less 
 fatiguing to the stomach, and giving rise less fre- 
 quently to chronic inflammations of that viscus. 
 
 Stomachic Boluses, (Hotel-Dieu.) 
 
 Pulveris Croci Sativi gr. yi. 
 
 Pulveris Canellse Alba? gr. iv. 
 
 Magnesise purae gr. viii. 
 
 Oxidi Ferri rubri gr. vi. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis q. s. 
 
 These boluses are applicable to cases where it is 
 necessary to restore the powers of the stomach, 
 provided there exist no acute or chronic inflamma- 
 tion of that organ ; or in those cases where general 
 weakness and languor are predominant. 
 
 Pulveris Cinchona? g i. 
 
 Carbonatis Potassse 31. 
 
 Tartratis Antimonii gr. xvi. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis q. s. 
 
 For sixty pills, to be taken in the twenty-four 
 hours. 
 
 In this formula, at one time much prescribed, the 
 cinchona is combined with the emetic tartar. The 
 combination of these two substances is considered 
 to possess more powerful properties than the cin- 
 chona alone. It is given in intermittent fevers, 
 and in the diseases which assume a periodic march* 
 
 Camphor Bolus, (H6tel-Dieu.) 
 
 Camphorse gr. xii. 
 
 Nitratis Potassse gr. xii. 
 
 Amyli > 
 
 Syrupi... ....I "* s ' 
 
 Fiat bolus. 
 
 From two to six are administered during the 
 day, in fever. 
 
118 PILLS AND BOLUSES. 
 
 Pulveris Cinchonas 3 vi. 
 
 Tartratis Antimonii gr. vi, 
 
 Extracti Juniperi Com q. s. 
 
 From the formula of M. Laennec. 
 
 Antiseptic Pills, (St. Antoine.) 
 
 Camphor i 
 
 Nitratis Potass > ~ a i. 
 
 Pulveris Acaciee Arab. ) 
 
 Divide the mass into pills of four grains. Dose 
 four to eight pills, in cases where a tendency to 
 gangrene is manifested. 
 
 Antihysteric Pills, (St. Antoine.) 
 
 Moschi . . .gr. xxiv. 
 
 Extracti Opii gr. xii. 
 
 Extracti Valerian gr. xxiv. 
 
 For sixteen pills. 
 
 Anodyne Pi//*, (M. RECAMIER.) 
 
 Extracti Opii gr. ii. 
 
 Autimonii Sulphureti precipit. . . gr. ii. 
 
 Nitratis Potass gr. iv. 
 
 To diminish pain, and produce diaphoresis. They 
 arc useful in rheumatic affections, and have some 
 analogy to Dover's powder. 
 
 Camphor gr. ii. 
 
 Submurmtis Hydrargyri .gr. i. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis q. s. 
 
 Fiat pilula. 
 
 Pills used in Hospital Gangrene, (M. DUPUYTREN.) 
 
 Camphor gr. xxiv. 
 
 Moschi gr. viii. 
 
 Extracti Opii gr. ii. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis q. s. 
 
 These pillf? ; composed of substances suited to 
 
PILLS AND BULUSES. 119 
 
 act strongly on the nervous system, have been 
 successfully employed by M. Dupuytren, to raise 
 and support the powers, in patients attacked with 
 Hospital Gangrene. 
 
 Antisyphilitic Pills, (M. DUPUYTREN.} 
 Deuto-chloridi Hydrargyri. . , .gr. fs. 
 
 Extract! Cinchona? gr. x. 
 
 Extract! Opii gr. fs. 
 
 Pulveris Cinchona . . . . q. s. 
 
 Fiat pilula. 
 
 M. Dupuytren recommends these pills in the 
 treatment of syphilis. The addition of the opium 
 and extract of cinchona seem, according to his ob- 
 servation, to second, or modify beneficially, the ac- 
 tion of the sublimate. The dose is from two to 
 three pills a-day, which can rarely be exceeded 
 without inconvenience. 
 
 Pulveris Valerianse gr. xxx. 
 
 Castorei gr. i v. 
 
 Oxidi Zinci Albi gr. xx. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis q. s. 
 
 This mass is formed into three pills, and given 
 during the day. They are employed by M. Du- 
 puytren in epilepsy conjoined with baths, and the 
 apposition of the cautery to the arm. 
 
 Deobstruent Pills, (M. RECAMIER.) 
 
 Saponis Medicinalis 3 iii. 
 
 Gummi Ammoniaci 3 i. 
 
 Aloes gr. x. 
 
 Asssefoetidfie 3 fs. 
 
 Pulveris Rhei .3 i. 
 
 Croci Sativi 3 fs. 
 
 The mass is made into pills of three grains, which 
 have been employed by JVI. Recamier in cases of 
 chronic enlargements of the abdominal viicera. 
 
120 PILLS AND BOLUSES. 
 
 The purgative substances which enter into their 
 composition, fit them to establish a derivative ir- 
 ritation in the intestinal canal, and to promote the 
 resolution of the disease. The dose is from four 
 to five pills each day. 
 
 Pills of Camphor and Cinchona, (M. DUPUYTBEN.) 
 
 Extract! Cinchonas 31. 
 
 Opii gr i. 
 
 Camphorae gr. xii. 
 
 Pulveris Cinchonas q. s. 
 
 From this mass are formed twelve pills. They 
 are used by M. Dupuytren as totiic and stimulant. 
 
 Astringent Pills, (M. RECAMIER.) 
 Sulphatis Aluminas et Potasss3.gr. vi. 
 
 Extracti Opii gr. i. 
 
 Catechu gr. xxiv. 
 
 Fiat massa, in pilulas sex, dividenda. 
 
 These pills have been of service indifferent cases 
 of passive hsemorrhagy, and also in atonic mucous 
 discharges consequent to inflammation. The six 
 pills are usually directed to be taken in the twenty- 
 four hours. 
 
 Antispasmodic Pill, (Hotel-Dieu. M. PETIT.) 
 
 Moschi gr. i. 
 
 Assffifoetidse gr. ii. 
 
 Given by M. Petit in nervous affections. 
 
 Extracti Opii gr. i. 
 
 Camphor gr. vi. 
 
 Nitratis Potassae gr. iv. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis q. s. 
 
 Employed also by M. Petit in nervous affections, 
 accompanied with convulsions, as hysteria, epilepsy, 
 chorea, &c., and in fevers, attended with delirium 
 and convulsive movements. 
 
PILLS AND BOLtfSES. 121 
 
 JLntispasmodic Pill, (H6tel-Dieu. M. MONTAIGU. ) 
 
 Moschi gr. i. 
 
 Assaefcetidae gr. ii. 
 
 Gummi Ammoniaci gr. ii. 
 
 Pulveris Valerianae gr. viii. 
 
 Syrupi q. s. 
 
 Antispasmodic Bolus, (La Pitie. M. BALLY.) 
 
 Pulveris Castorei \ 
 
 Succini / f 
 
 Assrefcetidse a a 5 is 
 
 Valerianae J 
 
 Camphorse 9 i. 
 
 Syrupi Opii q. s. 
 
 Made into boluses of six grains each, and given 
 to the extent of four to eight a-day, in neuralgias, 
 and hysteric affections. 
 
 Bolus, (used in Catarrh, by M. BALLY.) 
 
 Butyri Cacao recentis 3 i. 
 
 Gummi Tragacanthae .... 1 
 
 Croci Sativi > ITa 3 fs. 
 
 Mellis > 
 
 Extracti Glycyrrhizae ) 
 
 Olei Anisi Sulphurati ] aa ^ x ' 
 
 Extracti Hyosciami gr. vi. 
 
 Acetatis Morphii gr. ii. 
 
 From this mass thirty-six boluses are formed, 
 each containing the eighteenth of a grain of acetate 
 of morphia, and a sixth of the extract of hyoscia- 
 mus. One is given every three or four hours, in 
 the catarrhs accompanied with much irritation, 
 and in which we also wish to promote expectora- 
 tion. Along with them should be drank a cup of 
 the infusion of marshmallows, or the red poppy* 
 
 11 
 
%% PILLS AND BOLUSES. 
 
 Diuretic Pill, (La Charite* M. LFRMIKIER.) 
 
 Submuriatis Hydrargyri gr. ii. 
 
 Pulveris Scillse > 
 
 Rhei f -.aagr.l. 
 
 Syrupi Foeniculi Comp q. s. 
 
 Employed as diuretic and purgative dose four 
 pills a- day. 
 
 Anodyne Pills, (Hotel-Dieu. M. RECAMIER.) 
 
 Extracti Opii gr. iii. 
 
 Camphorse gr. vi. 
 
 Syrupi q. s. 
 
 Fiant pilulse sex. 
 
 Given by M. Recamier in cases of acute pain, 
 not of an inflammatory nature, or after inflamma- 
 tion has been subdued by local and general bleed- 
 ing. 
 
 Astringent Bolus, (Venereal Hospital.) 
 
 Balsami Copaibae 3 ii. 
 
 Gummi Acacise Arab 3 i. 
 
 Pulveris Glycyrrhizas q. s. 
 
 This mass, in the form of bolus, is taken, one 
 half in the morning, the other in the evening, in 
 casee of obstinate gleet and gonorrhea, which re- 
 sist the ordinary treatment. 
 
 Pulveris Cinchonas 3 ii. 
 
 Corticis Granati 31. 
 
 Balaami Copaibse q. s. 
 
 Given in boluses of twelve grains, in the same 
 cases as the preceding. 
 
 Compound Mercurial Pill, ( - ) 
 
 Hydrargyri pjirificati g iij. 
 
 Supertartratis Potassse gr. x. 
 
PILLS AND BOLUSES. 
 
 Pulveris Seammoniae 
 
 Jalaps 
 
 * Syrupi q. s. 
 
 The dose is from fifteen to thirty grains in pills. 
 Although recommended as a specific in syphilis, it 
 is usually as a purgative that this medicine is ex- 
 hibited. 
 
 Pills of the Corrosive Sublimate, (Venereal Hospital,) 
 Deuto-Chloridi Hydrargyri . . gr. xx. 
 
 Amyli 3 fs. 
 
 Gummi Acacise Arab 3 ij. 
 
 Aquae q. s. 
 
 The mass is divided into a hundred and forty-four 
 pills, which contain each $th of a grain of the salt. 
 Dose from one to three pills a-day. Only a few 
 pills should be prepared at a time, as, when they are 
 old, they acquire a hardness which renders them 
 insoluble in the stomach. M. Cullerier prefers, in 
 general, to administer the sublimate under the form 
 of the Liquor of Van Swieten. 
 
 Pills of GumJlmm-miaC) (St. Antoine.) 
 
 Gummi Ammoniaci 9 iij. 
 
 Pulveris Scillae . i. 
 
 Fiant pilulse quadraginta octo. 
 These pills are in use to promote expectoration 
 in chronic catarrhal affections. 
 
 * This formula, though less complicated, is analogous to that given 
 for the pills, known on the continent as the Pills of Beluste- The 
 following is the formula for these pills, extracted from M. Ratier's 
 translation of the Codex Mtedicamentarius. Tr. 
 
 Hv 
 
 JHeliis 
 
 Pulveris Rhei 
 .HoiCti Laricis 
 Aloes Soccotrin 
 Bcammonise 
 Frnctns Piperis 
 
 12 
 32 
 2 
 2 
 2 
 8 
 
124 FILLS AND BOLUSES. 
 
 Stomachic Bolus, (La Pitie.) 
 Pulveris Croci Sativi ) 
 
 Canelhe Albae $ a a &' V1 * 
 
 Syrupi q. s. 
 
 Given during convalescence from diseases of long 
 duration, and in the case of weak subjects, of a lym- 
 phatic temperament. 
 
 Bolus of Camphor and Nitre, (Maternite.) 
 
 Ctinphorae gr. viii. 
 
 Nitratis Potassae gr. vi. 
 
 Vitelli Ovi q. s. 
 
 In fever, and in diseases marked by prostration 
 of strength. 
 
 Camphor gr. vi. 
 
 Hydro Sulphureti Antimonii.. .gr. |. 
 
 Supertartratis Potassae gr. iv. 
 
 Vitelli Ovi q. s. 
 
 This bolus is given in cases similar to the former. 
 To the formula is sometimes added, 
 
 Hydro-chloratis Ammonias . . . . gr.. i. 
 Vermifuge Bolus, (Maternite.) 
 
 Proto-Chloridi Hydrargyri gr. ii. 
 
 Seminum Artemisiae Santonicae . . gr. viii. 
 
 Camphorae gr. vi. 
 
 Syrupi q. s. 
 
 Bolus of Cinchona and Rhubarb, ( ) 
 
 Cinchonas 3 v. 
 
 Rhei 3 fs. 
 
 Hydro-chloratis Amrnoniae . . gr. xxx. 
 Syrupi fructus Amygdali Persici. . q. s. 
 
 These substances are mixed so as to form a soft 
 electuary, which is divided into six doses, one of 
 which is taken every three hours in intermittent fe- 
 vers, and periodic nervous affections. 
 
PliLS AND BOLUSBS, 125 
 
 Sqtiill Bolus, ( } 
 
 Pulveris Scillae gr. vi. 
 
 Sulphatis Potassse gr. ij. 
 
 Oxymellis Scillitici q. s. 
 
 In dropsies of the cellular tissue, or of the se- 
 rous cavities. 
 
 Pulveris Valerianse gr. xx. 
 
 Sulphatis Potassae gr. ij. 
 
 Syrupi Aurantii q. s, 
 
 Laxative Bolus, ( M. CH\USSIER.) 
 Proto-chloridi Hydrargyri. . . . gr. iij. 
 
 Sulphatis Magnesias gr. iv. 
 
 Syrupi Rhamni q. 8. 
 
 Compound Pulp of Cassia, (La Charite.) 
 Pulpse Cassias Fistularis . J 
 
 Mannae > 77 5 ij. 
 
 Oiei Amygdalae Dulcis. .) 
 Aquae Florum Citri Aurantii . . 3 ij. 
 This marmalade is given as a laxative and de- 
 mulcent in acute affections of the respiratory pas- 
 sages, in the dose of a spoonful every hour. To 
 lender it expectorant, if necessary, one or two 
 grains of the hydro-sulphuret of antimony may be 
 added. 
 
 Astringent Pills* (Hotel-Dieu. -M. GEOFFROY.) 
 
 Conservae Rosae Gallicae 3 i, 
 
 Resinae Pterocarpi Draconis 3 i. 
 
 Proto-chloridi Hydrargyri. .gr. xviii. 
 
 Balsami Copaibae , 3 ii. 
 
 The mass is directed to be formed into six grain 
 pills, and from one to three to be taken morning 
 and evening, according to the indication. They 
 are employed against long existing gonorrhoea or 
 gleet, when there is no longer any irritation, and 
 
126 PILLS AND BOLUSES, 
 
 the discharge is owing to an atonic state of the 
 mucous tissue. 
 
 Purgative Electuary , (La Charite. M. FOUQUIER.) 
 
 ScammonioB .................. 3 i. 
 
 Scillse ....................... 3 i. 
 
 Syrupi Rhamni ............... q. s. 
 
 Employed frequently by M. Fouquier as a hy- 
 dragogne cathartic. The .dose is from one to two 
 drachms. 
 
 Vermifuge Electuary > (M. FOUQUIER.) 
 Pul veris Stanni ............... 3 i. 
 
 Extract! Artemisia? Santon. > . 
 Pulveris Jalapae ........... f '*,? 
 
 Syrupi Chicorii Comp ......... q. s. 
 
 M. Fouquier has procured good effects from this 
 as a remedy against the tsenia. He administers the 
 whole quantity, divided into twelve or sixteen 
 portions, one of which the patient takes every 
 half hour, drinking occasionally a cup of some ve- 
 getable soup. With the alvine evacuations, the 
 tsenia is expelled entire or in part. This remedy. 
 however, like most others, has in many cases 
 failed. 
 
 Emmendgogue Pill, (M. FOUQUIER ) 
 Pulveris Croci Sativi ......... gr. iu 
 
 Oxidi Ferri Nigri ............. gr. i. 
 
 Pulveris Valerianae .......... gr. ii. 
 
 Syrupi Artemisia? ............. q. s. 
 
 M. Fouquier gives this pill to the number of 
 four or eight in the day, in some cases of amen- 
 orrhoea occurring in delicate females, while he ap- 
 plies every second day four or six leeches to the 
 vulva, with the intention of relieving the congestion 
 of the uterine system. 
 
PILLS AND B0LUSES. 127 
 
 Styptic Pills, (Maison de Sante. M. DUMERIL.) 
 Acetatis Plumbi ............ gr. iv. 
 
 Opii purificati ................ gr. i. 
 
 Extract! Glycyrrhizse ........... 9 i. 
 
 Subige in massam, /dividenuatn in piml is sexdecim. 
 To diminish the alvine evacuations in- chronic 
 and colliquative diarrho3a. 
 
 Pills of the Acetate of Lead, (M. FOUQUIER.) 
 Acetatis Plumbi .............. 3 i. 
 
 Pulveris AlthteaB .............. 3 i. 
 
 Syrupi ...................... q. s. 
 
 Divide in pilulas triginta sex. 
 The dose of these pills is from four to twelve in 
 the day. They are designed to moderate the wast- 
 ing sweats in phthisis, a purpose which they ef- 
 fect in a very remarkable manner. They should 
 be taken at the hour when the sweats usually com- 
 snence. 
 
 Antispasmodic Pills, (M. DUBOIS.) 
 Extract! Cinchonse 
 - Catechu 
 
 ^ ............ ) _ .. 
 
 Nitratis Potassae ........ \ a a 9 "' 
 
 Moschi .................... gr. xv. 
 
 In pills of six grains, used in different cases of 
 nervous affection. 
 
 Mercurial Pills, (Maison de Sante.) 
 Hydrargyri purificati .......... 3 i. 
 
 Confervas ROSSB Canine ....... 3 i. 
 
 Tere hydrargyrum cum conserva, donee globuli 
 penitus evanescunt ; divide massam in pilulas 
 triginta eex. 
 These pills are used by Professor Dubois in the 
 
126 PILLS AND BOLUSES. 
 
 veneral disease. The dose is from two to four pills. 
 They have the inconvenience of acting very speedily 
 on the mouth. 
 
 Anodyne Pills, (M. DUBOIS.) 
 
 Submuriatis Hydrargyri 3 fs. 
 
 Extract! Opii gr. xviii, 
 
 Conii Maculati 3 iv, 
 
 Syrupi AlthsBae q. s. 
 
 Ft. massa in piJulas triginta sex distribuenda. 
 IVL Dubois prescribes these pills in some organic 
 affections of the glands and viscera. He regards 
 them less as having a curative power, than as the 
 means of soothing the pain to which the patient is 
 subjected. The dose, at first two pills, is gradually 
 augmented. 
 
 Sulph. Antimomi precipitati .... 3 fs. 
 
 Submuriatis Hydrargyri 3 fs. 
 
 Extracti Conii Maculati 3 fs= 
 
 Pulveris q. s. 
 
 Divide in piJulas triginta sex. 
 
 M. Dubois administers this preparation in dif- 
 ferent species of herpes, assisting it by baths, and 
 other usual remedies. 
 
 Mercurial and Anodyne Pill, (Pitie M. BALLY.) 
 
 Saponis Albi ) . 
 
 Extracti Solani Dulcamaras \ aa 3 1 
 
 Chrysanthemi 3 fs. 
 
 i Coniir ) 
 
 Colocynthidis. . . [ * a &' XVm ' 
 
 Deuto-chloridi Hydrargyri gr. iij. 
 
 The mass is divided into seventy-two pills, each 
 of which will contain a twenty-fourth of a grain 
 of the sublimate. They are given in herpes and 
 syphilis, one morning and evening, increasing the 
 dose with caution every gix or eight days. 
 
PILLS AND BOLUSES. 129 
 
 Pills of the Nitrate of Silver. 
 
 Nitratis Argenti gr. vi. 
 
 Extract! Opii 3 i. 
 
 Moschi 9 ii. 
 
 Camphorse 9 iv. 
 
 Subige in massam, in pilulas nonaginta sex, divi- 
 dendam. 
 
 The dose is one pill, night and morning, gradu- 
 ally augmented according as the patient is seen to 
 support it. These pills are employed in the treat- 
 ment of chronic nervous affections, more especially 
 of epilepsy. 
 
 Mercurial Pills> No. 1. (St. Louis.) 
 
 Deuto-chJoridi Hydrargyri 9 i. 
 
 Alcoholis 3 ii. 
 
 Farinse Tritici Hyberni 3 iij. 
 
 Aquae distillate ... q. s. 
 
 Divided into a hundred and forty-four pills, each 
 containing an eighth of a grain of the sublimate. 
 At first, one pill is given morning and evening. 
 The dose is afterwards doubled. 
 
 No. 2. ( ) 
 
 Saponis Medicinalis 3 fs. 
 
 Pulveris Rhei 3 ii. 
 
 Deuto-chloridi Hydrarg 9 i. 
 
 Pulveris Glycyrrhizse ) 
 
 Syrupi Florum Citri Aurant.. \ aa q * s * 
 This mass, divided into the same number of pills 
 as the former, is administered in the same manner, 
 and in the same cases. 
 
 No. 3. ( ) 
 
 Unguenti Hydrarg. Fort 3 iij. 
 
 Saponis Medicinalis 3 ii. 
 
 Amyli, ii. fs, 
 
130 JflLLS AND BOLUSES. 
 
 Formed into four grain pills, and administered in 
 the same doses as the preceding. 
 
 Antisyphilitic Pills, (M. ALIBERT.) 
 
 Pulveris Althaeae .............. 3 iv. 
 
 Proto-chloridi Hydrarg.... > _ 
 
 Resins Guaiaci ........... $ a a 5 u 
 
 Syrupi Cydoniae .............. q. s. 
 
 Formed into four grain pills, the dose of which is 
 from four to six a- day. 
 
 Pill of the Cyanuret of Potassium, (M. BALLY.) 
 * Cyanureti Potassii ...... ) c 
 
 Amyli ................ agr. &. 
 
 Syrupi Gununi ................ q. s. 
 
 Fiat pilula. 
 
 In dyspnoea, orthopno3a, and convulsive affections,, 
 One pill may be given morning and evening, pro- 
 gressively and cautiously increasing the number. 
 
 Mercurial Pill, (M. 
 f Unguenti Hydrargyri .......... 3 ii. 
 
 Pulveris Glycyrrhizae .......... q. s. 
 
 This is designed to form a hundred and forty- 
 four pills, which M. Fouquier frequently employs 
 in the treatment of sypmlis. He considers them as 
 irritating the stomach less than any other mercu- 
 rial preparation. The dose may be carried the length 
 of six in the day. When the mouth becomes af- 
 fected, he suspends their use till the irritation has 
 ceased. Along with these pills he sometimes 
 directs the use of baths and diaphoretic drinks. 
 
 * Prugsiate o f potass. Compound of cyanogen and potassium. Tr. 
 t Thii ointment is formed of equal parts of pure mercuy and JartL 
 ride Phar. Gall. TV. 
 
 
PILLS AIVD BOLUSES. 131 
 
 Pills of the Arseniate of Iron, (M. BIETT.) 
 Proto-Arseniatis Ferri. ..... .gr. iij. 
 
 Extract! Humilli Lupuli , 3 ii. 
 
 Pulveris Althse<e 3 fs. 
 
 Syrupi Florum Citri Aurantii. . .q. s. 
 Fiat massa, in pilulas quadra gint a octo, dividenda. 
 The arsetiiate of iron has been proposed in En- 
 
 fland as a useful remedy in cancerous affections, 
 have made trial of it in some scrofulous herpetic 
 affections, and have several times seen a beneficial 
 change in these diseases, under the influence of this 
 medicine. The pills of the above formula have ap- 
 peared to me a very convenient form for its admi- 
 nistration. I give one pill a-day, and we cannot with 
 safety exceed this dose, until the patient has been 
 accustomed to the medicine for a considerable 
 time. (Note by M. Biett.) 
 
 Asiatic Pills, (St Louis.) 
 
 Protoxidi Arsenici . . .gr. iv. 
 
 Piperis Nigri 3 ix. 
 
 These substances are directed to be pounded in 
 an iron mortar during four days at intervals. When 
 the mixture is reduced to an impalpable powder, it 
 is put into a marble mortar, and water added to it 
 by degrees, until a pill mass be formed. It is divi- 
 ded then into pills, to the number of eight hundred, 
 which should be preserved in a stone bottle. 
 
 These pills, the formula for which has been pub- 
 lished in the Calcutta Journals, are employed in In- 
 dia against the tuberculous lepra, and are regarded 
 as an infallible remedy. The experiments made at 
 the Hospital of St Louis have not been attended 
 with such satisfactory results as those said to have 
 been obtained in India. In some cases, however, of 
 inveterate herpes, considerable benefit has been de- 
 rived from them. One pill may be given daily, but 
 
132 POTIONS OB DRAUGHTS. 
 
 we should not exceed two, especially if we continue 
 them long (JVbte By M. Biett. ) 
 
 POTIONS OR DRAUGHTS. 
 
 By the name of potion or draught is understood a 
 liquid preparation, composed of infusions, decoctions, 
 or distilled waters, to which are added sirups, ex- 
 tracts, powders, or salts. Draughts usually consist 
 of six or eight ounces in quantity, and are taken at 
 once, or administered by spoonfuls according to the 
 indication. The term of juleps, however, is more 
 specially applied to those mixtures designed to be 
 taken in one dose, though all the terms are often 
 given indiscriminately. 
 
 Pectoral Mixture, (Hotel-Dieu.) 
 (Julep Bechique.) 
 
 Infusi Althaeae Comp . . 3 ii. 
 
 Mucilag. Gummi Acac 3 "- 
 
 Aquae Florum Citri Aurant 3 ii. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 3 i. 
 
 This mucilaginous mixture is in common use, in 
 acute or chronic catarrhal affections. It serves 
 also as the vehicle for a number of substances, ad- 
 ministered under the liquid form. Half a drachm 
 of cinchona to four ounces of the julep bechique, is 
 given with advantage by M. Petit in chronic catarrh. 
 It is intended to favour the expulsion of the viscid 
 mucosity oy which the respiratory passages are 
 often obstructed. 
 
 Pectoral Mixture, (M. RECAMIER.) 
 Misturse Pectoral. Communis. . . 3 iv. 
 
 Acetatis Ammonia? 3 ii. 
 
 vel Aquse Lauro Cerasi 3 fs, 3 i. 
 
 These additions, made to the common pectoral 
 
POTIONS OR DRAUGHTS. 138 
 
 mixture, have for their object to facilitate expecto- 
 ration, and to calm the cough. This property is 
 ascribed to the distilled water of the cherry laurel, 
 and is owing to the hydro-cyanic acid which it 
 contains. 
 
 Infusi Tiliae Europese 5 ii. 
 
 Althaeae Comp 3 i. 
 
 Mucilag. Gummi Acac 3 i. 
 
 Aquae Florum Citri Aurant. ... 3 ii. 
 
 Syrupi Papaveris 31. 
 
 Simplicis 3 i. 
 
 Frequently employed at the H6tel-Dieu in all 
 cases of violent pain, in convulsions, hysteria, epi- 
 lepsy, &c. 
 
 Jlntispasmodic Mixtures^ ( ) 
 
 Infusi TiliaB Europese g i. 
 
 Fol. Citri Aurant.... g i. 
 
 Aquae Menthae } 
 
 Melissa? Officinal > JTa 3 fs. 
 
 Florum Citri Aurant.. . } 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 3 i. 
 
 ^Etheris Sulphurici gtt. xxx. 
 
 Cordial Mixture^ ( ) 
 
 Electuarii Croci Oriental. ....... 3 i. 
 
 Aquae Menthae ) . 
 
 Melissae Officinal. ... f * 3 * 
 
 Canellae Albce 3 fs. 
 
 Florum Citri Aurant 3 fs. 
 
 * Syrupi Simplicis 3 i. 
 
 This mixture, composed of distilled aromatic 
 waters, is useful in affections where it is necessary 
 to stimulate the vital powers. In the Hdtel-Dieu, 
 
 * In the saffron electuary, formtrly called confection of hyacinth, 
 the predominant ingredients are saffron, canella, and myrrh. -Tr* 
 
134 POTIONS OK DRAUGHTS. 
 
 it is administered by some of the physicians m ady- 
 namia and ataxic fevers, with the addition, in ge- 
 neral, of the extract of cinchona, or acetate of am- 
 monia. 
 
 Infusi Pecteralis .............. 3 vi. 
 
 Aquae Canellae ................ 3 v. 
 
 Electuarii Croci Orient ......... 3 i. 
 
 Syrupi Dianthi Caryophylli ...... 3 i. 
 
 Alcoholis ............ . ........ 3 i. 
 
 Analogous to the preceding, and employed in the 
 same cases. 
 
 Tonic Mixture^ (M. DUPUYTREN.) 
 Extract! Cinchona? ............ 3 ii. 
 
 - Opii ......... . ....... 3 fs. 
 
 Syrupi Cinchona? Vinosi ...... 3 ii. fs. 
 
 Aquas Menthae .......... > - 
 
 3 " 
 
 Professor Dupuytren sometimes employs this mix- 
 ture in diseases with a sinking of the forces, when 
 there is no reason to suspect any gastro-intestinal 
 inflammation. It may be observed, that M. Dupuy- 
 tren, even before the announcement of the physiolo- 
 gical doctrine, had given his attention to the abuse 
 generally made of tonics, and showed extreme cir- 
 cumspection in their use. 
 
 Tonic Mixture, (M. RECAMIER.) 
 Decocti Radicis Angusturae ... 3 vi. 
 Aqua3 Canellae ............... 3 fs. 
 
 Tincturae Opii ........... . gtt. xx. 
 
 The dose is a table-spoonful, three times a-day- 
 in disorders attended with weakness of the digestive 
 functions. 
 
I'OTIOSS OR DRAUGHTS. 135 
 
 Compound Linctus> (Hdtel-Dieu.) 
 
 Linctus Albi* 3 iv. 
 
 Extract! Opii gr. i. 
 
 Cinchona) gr. iv. 
 
 Camphorse gr. vi. 
 
 Useful in catarrhal affections, accompanied by 
 
 violent cough, and a considerable afflux of mucus. 
 It acts as an anodyne and expectorant. 
 
 Anodyne Mixture^M.. RECAMIER.) 
 Aq. distillat. Florum Citri Aur- .31. 
 
 Melissa 3 iii. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 3 * 
 
 Papaveris 3fs 3 * 
 
 Purgative Potion* ( ) 
 
 Tinct. Jalapse Comp 3 i. g ii. 
 
 Syrupi Rhamni 3 ^. i. 
 
 Aquae Chicorii 3 iv. 
 
 Employed by M. Recamier in dropsies which 
 permit the exhibition of purgatives. 
 
 Pulveris Cinchon 3 ^ s - 
 
 Muriatis Ammonias gr. xii. 
 
 Vini Rubri 3 iv. 
 
 This preparation is sometimes given in intermit- 
 tent fevers, and is usually administered before the 
 paroxysm, in one dose. 
 
 Antiseptic Draught, ( Hotel- Dieu.) 
 
 Decocti Cinchona 3 iv. 
 
 Tinct. Canellae 3 i. 
 
 Acetatis Ammonia? 31. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis g i. 
 
 Camphors - gr. x. 
 
 in adynamic fever, with a disposition to gangrene, 
 
 * Lohoch Album velEnrwlsio Aniy:dalarnm.-~7V. 
 
136 POTIONS OR DRAUGHTS. 
 
 Tincturae Gentianse g i. 
 
 Carbonatis Ammoniae vel'Sodae. .3,fs. 
 Recommended as a medicine in scrofula. Seve- 
 ral of the physicians of the H6tel-Dieu, however, 
 believing that scrofula is accompanied by an inflam- 
 matory state, which tonics cannot fail to aggravate, 
 adopt an opposite mode of treatment. 
 
 Infusi AlthsBse Comp g ii. 
 
 Olei Amygdali Communis 3 ii. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 3 i. 
 
 Employed in inflammations of the chest, as demul- 
 cent and gently laxative. 
 
 Diuretic Mixture, (Hdtel-Dieu.) 
 
 Decocti Foeniculi Comp 3 iii. 
 
 Aquae Florum Citri Aurant 3 fs. 
 
 Oxymellis Scillitici 3 ii. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 3!. 
 
 Tincturae Opii } 
 
 Castorei > ~a gtt. vi. 
 
 i Moschi ) 
 
 Spiritas ^Etheris Nitrici. ) . 
 
 ^Etheris Sulphurici. . . . \ a a S u * 
 Employed in dropsy, to increase the urinary se- 
 cretion. 
 
 Vini Albi fe i. 
 
 Nitratis Potassae 3 fs. 
 
 vel Acetatis Potassae 3 i. 
 
 These are analogous in their action to the pre- 
 ceding, and from the exciting quality of the wine 
 may be preferred in the case of passive dropsy. 
 
 Purgative Draught, ( ) 
 
 Fol. Sennae 3 ii. 
 
 Sulphatis Sodse 3 fs. 
 
 Aquae 3 iv. 
 
 Syrupi Rhamni 3 i. 
 
POTIONS OK PRAUGHTfr. 137 
 
 This draught is very frequently employed where 
 the object is simply to dislodge the contents of the 
 intestines. For the Syrupus Rhamni, a few grains of 
 Jalap is sometimes substituted. Many, however, 
 show reserve in the use of the more active purga- 
 tives, preferring those that are less exciting. 
 
 Olei Ricini 3 vi. 
 
 Oxymellis Scillitici 3 is. 
 
 Syrupi Rhamni g i. 
 
 Emetic Draghts, (Venereal Hospital.) 
 Tartratis Antimonii et Potass . gr. ii. 
 Decocti Tritici Repentis 3 iv. 
 
 Ipecacuanhee gr. xii. 
 
 Aqua?. . . 3 iv. 
 
 In all ordinary cases where an emetic is required, 
 
 Sulphatis Sodas 3 fs, 
 
 Tartratis Antimonii gr. ij. 
 
 Decocti Carnis Vitulinae ft ij. 
 
 Emetic and cathartic, and useful when both the 
 stomach and bowels are at the same time disorder- 
 ed. A small glassful is given every half hour. 
 
 Simple Linctus, (Venereal Hospital.) 
 
 Gummi^Acaciae Arab 3 ii. 
 
 Sacchari 3 ij. 
 
 Aquae g v. 
 
 Used in inflammations of the chest, with cough, 
 and as a vehicle for other medicines. 
 
 Laxative Mixture, ( ) 
 
 Linctus Simplicis 3 iv. 
 
 Syrupi Chicorii Comp. ........ 3 ii. 
 
 As an evacuant for children. 
 
138 POTIONS OR DRAUGHT.-. 
 
 Common Purgative Mixture^ ( ) 
 
 Pulveris Jalapae gr. xxx. 
 
 Sulphatis Sodae 3 v. 
 
 Sy rupi Mellis 3 i. 
 
 Decocti Chicorii 3 vi. 
 
 This, -.vith the following, is the most common 
 of the purgative preparations employed at the H6- 
 pitai des Veneriens. 
 
 Fol. Sennae 3 ii. 
 
 Sulphatis Soda? 3 ii. fs. 
 
 Mannas 3 ii. 
 
 Decocti Chicorii 3 vi. 
 
 Anodyne Draught, ( ) 
 
 Linctus Simplicis 3 v. 
 
 Aquae Florum Citri Aurant 3 ii. 
 
 Vini Opii Comp gtt. xv. xxx. 
 
 Carminative Mixture, ( ) 
 
 Seminum Anisi 3 fs. 
 
 Aquae 3 iv. 
 
 Sacchari 3 ij. 
 
 Administered by tea-spoonfuls, to children who 
 are troubled with flatulence. 
 
 Anthelmintic Mixture, ( ) 
 
 Linctus Simplicis 3 iv. 
 
 Corallinaa Officinalis* 3 fs. 
 
 Olei Amygdali Communis 3 i. 
 
 Syrupi Citri Medicae 3 i. 
 
 This preparation answers for children who suffer 
 from the lumbrici. The oil of almonds, with the 
 sirup of lemons, forms a laxative mixture capable 
 of expelling the worms that have experienced the 
 deleterious action of the coralline. 
 
 * Fucus Helrainthocorton. Tr. 
 
POTIONS OR DRAUGHT* * &$ 
 
 Squill Linctus, ( ) 
 
 Linctus Simplicis 3 i y> 
 
 Mellis Scillaj 3 i. 
 
 Used as an expectorant in catarrhal affections. 
 
 Olei Olese Opt 3 ii. 
 
 Mucilaginis Gummi Acac 3 v. 
 
 Syrupi Adianti Pedati * 3 ii. 
 
 Pulyeris Ipecacuanhas gr. i. viii. 
 
 vel Oxymellis Scillitici 3 fs. i. 
 
 Employed in inflammations of the chest, to al- 
 lay cough, and promote expectoration. 
 
 Tonic Mixture, ( ) 
 
 Decocti CinchonaB 3 iii. 
 
 Vini generosi 3 iii. 
 
 Syrupi Caryophylli 3 i. 
 
 Alcoholis Melissae 3 fs, 
 
 Anodyne .Mixture , ( ) 
 
 Infusi Tiliae Buropea? 3 v. 
 
 Syrupi Adianti Pedati 3 ii. 
 
 Aquas Florum Citri Aurant 3 iii. 
 
 Spiritus ^Etheris Sulphurici ) .. 
 
 Vini Opii Compositi J a a ^ u ' XVt 
 
 In ner-vous affections, accompanied with convul- 
 sions or violent pain. 
 
 Cordial Draught, ( . ) 
 
 Infusi Melissae 3 vi. 
 
 Tincturae Canellae . . . . 3 ii. 
 
 Theriacaef 31. 
 
 Syrupi Caryophylli 31. 
 
 * Capillua Veneris Canadensis. Maiden's Hair. -Tr. 
 t The Thertaca is illustrative of the sentiments of physicians in 
 former times, whose impression seemed often to be, that, by making 
 
140 POTIONS OK 
 
 Camphorated J\fi.rtvre, ( 
 
 Camphors? . ) 
 
 Nitratis Potassae \ a& & } - 
 
 Gumini Acacise Arab 31, 
 
 Infusi Pectoralis 3 v, 
 
 Syrupi Caryophylli g i. 
 
 This mixture is thought to diminish the erections 
 so frequent and so painful in acute inflammation of 
 the mucous membrane of the urethra. This symptom, 
 as it may prolong the disease, merits particular 
 attention. 
 
 Astringent Mixture, ( ) 
 
 AqusB Menthse > .. 
 
 Florum Citri Aur.. . \ a " o 1J 
 
 Syrupi Althaea? > .. 
 
 BaJsami Copaiba- ] aa o 1L 
 
 Gummi Arabici 
 
 Spiritus JEtheris Nitrici.. . 
 This medicine often succeeds in suppressing 1 the 
 morbid discharge which not nnfrequently remains 
 after inflammation of the urethra. 
 
 a compound out of ingredients the most numerous and dissimilar, 
 they would obtain a medicine which would concentrate. in itself the 
 virtues of a thousand. The TLeriaca, or, as more recently named, 
 Eleeluaire Opia.ce Polypharmaque, is a pieparation which has en-- 
 joyed very great celubrity, though many may now be disposed to 
 assign to it the equivocal distinction of a farrago. In its composition 
 it presents, as it were, a convention of the ancient materia medica, 
 every tribe of the vegetable kingdom having furnished a representa- 
 tive of its own peculiar virtues. It would be tedious to enumerate 
 the ingredients of the Theriaca, which amount to about seventy -In 
 his Ira natation Of the Codex Medicamentarius, M. Ratier has classed 
 them under thirteen heads, according to their medicinal properties, 
 and he has given the results of an analysis of the Theriaca, made by 
 M Guilbert, with a view to discover the nature of 'this multifarious 
 compound The process directed for the complete formation of the 
 Theriaca occupies (the reader may smile) an entire year ; and cor- 
 t'ainly, if its virtues bore any proportion to the length of time devoted 
 to its preparation, its efficiency as a medicine wou!d be indisnuta- 
 "fcls. 2Tr. 
 
POTIONb OK DfiAUGHTS. 141 
 
 Mercurial Solution, or Liquor of Van Swieten. 
 Deuto-chloridi Hydrargyri . . . gr. xvi. 
 
 Alcoholis .3 fa. 
 
 * Aquae distillatse }fe i. 
 
 The dose is half an ounce, morning and evening, 
 in milk, solution of gum, or sirup. M. Cullerier is 
 of opinion, that the objections brought against the 
 liquor of Van Swieten are unjust, and that the 
 accidents observed from it are owing to its improper 
 administration, and from the individuals being dis- 
 posed to phthisis, or affected with chronic intestinal 
 inflammation. 
 
 Liquor Cupri et Hydrargyri^ ( ) 
 
 Limaturse Cupri 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae Ammoniae . . 3 ii 
 
 Digere per dies sex, cola. 
 This solution ought to be of a deep blue colour. 
 
 Proto-chloridi Hydrargyri . . 3 ii. 
 
 Acidi Hydro-chlorici tenuis 3 ii. 
 
 Acidi Nitrici gtt. xv. 
 
 Dissolve by the aid of heat, and mix the solution 
 with the former, in such a proportion that the 
 precipitate which forms shall be dissolved. Three 
 ounces of the liquor cupri et hydrargyri, thus formed, 
 are mixed with twa pounds of distilled water, and a 
 small spoonful administered as a dose, morning and 
 evening. 
 
 It is used also externally, a bit of charpie being 
 immersed in the liquid, and applied to the ulcerated 
 surfaces. 
 
 The results, however, obtained from this medicine 
 at the Hopital des Veneriens, have not been such as 
 to induce M. Cullerier to give it the preference over 
 the liquor of Van Swieten. 
 
 * Sixteen ounces are here used to the pound. TV. 
 
[X POTIOS'3 Ofc DRAUGHTS, t 
 
 Wliite Linctus, (Lohoch Album, St. Antoine 
 
 Amygdalarum Dulcium No. xv. 
 
 Gummi Trigacantha? gr. xx- 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 3 . ) 
 
 Olei Amygdali Cornmunis 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae Plorum Criti Aurant. . .3 ii. 
 Aquae Font 3 * v 
 
 Gum Julep, ( ) 
 
 Pulv. Althaea Comp gr. xx. 
 
 Gummi Arab gr. xx. 
 
 Syrupi Simpl 3 " 
 
 Aquffi 3 iv - 
 
 To these two juleps, which are demulcent and 
 pectoral, may be ocsasionally added, sulphureti an- 
 timonii prsecipitati gr. i.~ iii. 
 
 vel Syrupi Papaveris 3 ft. i. 
 
 Squill Julep, ( ) 
 
 Pulv. Althsese Comp gr. xx. 
 
 Gummi Arabici gr. xx. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 3 ^ 
 
 Oxymellis Scillitici 3 * 
 
 Aquffi 3 iv - 
 
 As an expectorant in catarrh. 
 
 Antiseptic Draught, ( - ) 
 
 Pulveris Cinchonas 3 * 
 
 Syrupi Caryophylli 3 ,] 
 
 Aquoe Acetatis Ammoniae 3 ii. 
 
 r j incturse Canellse 3 ii- 
 
 Aquae ...3 iv - 
 
 Applicable to the affections in which a tendency 
 la gangrene is manifested. 
 
POTIOiVS OK DRAUGHTS. 143 
 
 Antispasmodic Draught, ( ) 
 
 Florum Tilise Europ > a ; 
 
 Fol. Citri Aurant tt a & 
 
 Syrupi JSimplicis g i. 
 
 Spiritus ^Etheris Sulphuric!. ... 3 fs, 
 Aquae , g iv. 
 
 Astringent Mixtures, (M. BEAUCHENE.) 
 
 Vini Rubri 3 iv. 
 
 Syrupi g i. 
 
 Aquae Acetatis Ammonias 3 ij. 
 
 Radicis Bistortse 3 ij. 
 
 Syrupi Cydoniae g i. 
 
 Tincture Catechu 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae -. . . . 3 iv. 
 
 The astringent properties are much more consid- 
 erable in the latter of these preparations. It is given 
 with good effect in passive haemorrhage, diarrhoea, 
 leucorrhcea, &c. 
 
 Emmenagogue Mixture, ( ) 
 
 Aquae Artemisiae Sant 3 iv. 
 
 Florum Citris Aurant .... 3 fs. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 3 i. 
 
 Olei Volatilis Rutae .... ) . 
 
 Sabin*. .y$& V1 ' 
 
 This mixture is given with advantage to re-esta- 
 blish the course of the catamenia. The substances 
 which compose it exert their action on the uterus, 
 and determine that plethora necessary to the men- 
 strual discharge, which is assisted, besides, by the 
 pediluvium and hip-bath, local bleedings, frictionF, 
 &c. 
 
 <Anti~Emetic Potion. 
 
 Carbonatis Potassae 3 fs. 
 
 Syrupi Acidi Tartarici 3 i. 
 
 Aquas 3 iij. 
 
 Succi Citri Medicae , . g fe. 
 
144 POTIONS OR DRAUGHTS. 
 
 The carbonate is preferred for the effervescing 
 draughts, as, when prepared with the sub-carbonate 
 of potass, very little carbonic acid gas is disengaged, 
 
 Radicis Polygalse Senegse 3 ii. 
 
 Syrupi 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae 3 iv. 
 
 In chronic catarrhal affections, to promote ex- 
 pectoration. 
 
 Stomachic Mixture, ( ) 
 
 Bistortas 3 i. 
 
 Succi Baccse Sambuci Inspissati . 3 iij. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 3 i. 
 
 Aquse 3 iv. 
 
 Benefit is derived from this medicine during con- 
 valescence after some diseases, and in cases where 
 the stomach needs to be gently excited. 
 
 Stomachic Mixture, (M. BEAUCHENE.) 
 
 Fuci Helminth ocort ) 
 
 Pulveris Canellse. ....... ] a a 3 1J 
 
 Aloes L 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis . . . ~ . 3 L 
 
 Aquae 3 iv. 
 
 Tonic and purgative. 
 
 Purgative Draught, ( ) 
 
 Olei Ricini git 
 
 Syrupi ,..-3 * 
 
 Pulveris Gummi Arab 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae 3 iv. 
 
 This is the most convenient form for adminis- 
 tering the castor oil, and the most agreeable to 
 the patients. By means of the gum, a sort of emul- 
 sion is formed, and the oil is not exposed to float 
 on the surface, as it does when given in a vehicle 
 Turelv aqueous. 
 
OR DRAUGHTS. 145 
 
 Sudorific Mixture, ( ) 
 
 ViniRubri 3 v - 
 
 fittcturce Canellse 3 ii- 
 
 Syrupi.... g i- 
 
 Aquas Acetatis Ammonias 3 iij- 
 
 Tonic and sudorific. 
 Anti-Emetic Potion, (Maison de Sante. M. DUBOIS. } 
 
 Catbonatis Sodae 31. 
 
 Aquae distillates 3 "> 
 
 Acidi Acetici Fort 3 ii. 
 
 Oxymellis 3 i. 
 
 Tonic Mixture, (M. DUBOIS.) 
 
 Extract! Cinchonas 3 ii. 
 
 Aquas 3 ii. 
 
 Syrupi Balsami Toluif 3 ii. 
 
 Much employed by M. Dubois in cases where it 
 is necessary to support the forces of the system- 
 in fevers, gangrenous affections, &c. 
 
 PecloralJulep, ( ) 
 
 Gumrni Acaciae Arab 3 i. 
 
 Syrupi AlthaBte 3 fs. 
 
 Aquas Communis 3 iv r 
 
 Theriacal Mixture, (M. DUBOIS.) 
 
 Theriacse 3 fg. 
 
 Gummi Arabici 3 i. 
 
 Syrupi g i. 
 
 Aquae 3 vi. 
 
 Prescribed by M. Dubois as a light tonic. 
 
 Febrifuge Mixture, (M. DUBOIS.) 
 
 Ar^eniatis Potassse gr. 1-5. 
 
 Aquaa, Menthae 3 iii. 
 
 ?>vrupi Simplicis '......,. .g fs. 
 
 13 
 
146 POTIONS OR DRAUGHTS, 
 
 The arseniate of potass has been employed with 
 success in prolonged intermittent fevers, that have 
 resisted the cinchona. The preparation above may 
 be given in small spoonfuls during the apyrexia. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis g i, 
 
 Tincturae Opii > r 
 
 Athens Sulphurici \ a a 3 
 
 Sulphuret. Antimon. pra?cip..gr. ii. 
 Aqua? g iv. 
 
 Employed as anodyne and expectorant. 
 Emetic Draught, (Maternite.) 
 
 Ipecacuanha? 9 i. 
 
 Tartratis Antimonii gr. i. 
 
 Syrupi Mellis g fs. 
 
 Aqua? g iv. 
 
 Administered in divided doses, according to pre- 
 scription. 
 
 Saline Purgative Draught, (, ) 
 
 Tartratis Antimonii gr. i. 
 
 Tartratis Potasses et Sodas 3 vi. 
 
 Syrupi Mellis g i. 
 
 Aquae Florum Citri Aurant 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae Fontanae g ii. 
 
 Given in divided doses. 
 
 Fol. Senna? 3 ii. 
 
 Tartrat. Potass, et Sodae 3 ii. 
 
 Manna* g i. 
 
 Aquae. g iv. 
 
 For one dose. 
 
 Sennse .,,...., 3 ii. 
 
 Pulv. Rhei gr. xxx 
 
 Sulphatis Magnesia? 3 i. fs. 
 
 Mannse g ii 
 
 Aquae , r . , , e .<,., . , .., g viii. 
 
POTIONS OR DRAUGHTS. 
 
 The half is taken as a dose, and the remainder 
 t the interval of three hours, if necessary. 
 
 Anodyne Draught, (- 
 
 Syrupi Malvae Sylvestris 3 vi. 
 
 Papaveris 3 vi. 
 
 Aquae Florum Citri Aurant. . .3 iv. 
 
 Aquse Lactucae 3 i. 
 
 ^Etheris Sulphurici. gtt. v. x. 
 
 Used in spasmodic affections, nervous pains, &c. 
 It may be taken in two, three, or fotir portions, at 
 intervals. 
 
 Olei Amygdali Communis g i. is. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis g i. fs. 
 
 Gummi Tragacanthse gr. xv. 
 
 Aqua3 Florum Citri Aurant 3 iv. 
 
 Aquog Lactucse 3 iv. 
 
 This preparation is of use in irritations of the 
 mucous membrane of the bronchi or intestines. In 
 the firit case, with a view to faciliate expectora- 
 tion, ma.y be addfed, 
 
 Sulphur. Antimon. prascip gr. i. 
 
 Syrupi Caryophylli g i. 
 
 Aquse Florum Citri Aur 3 iv. 
 
 Infusi Florum Tilise 3 iv. 
 
 Spiritus JEtheris Nitrosi 3 ii. 
 
 Antispasmodic and diuretic. 
 
 Syrupi Corticis Aurantii g i. 
 
 Aqu3B Mcnthse 3 iv. 
 
 Athens Sulphurici 3 fs. 
 
 Given by spoonfuls in the case of weakness and 
 languor of the circulation. Its stimulant action * 
 also often useful in dyspepsia. 
 
* t'OTiOXS OR 1>KALGH(. 
 
 Soap Mixture, (Maternite. ) 
 
 Infusi Melissse 3 iv. 
 
 Saponis Medicinalis 3 vi. 
 
 Syrupi Adianti g i. 
 
 Given in three or four doses in some cases of 
 abdominal tympanites. It acts gently as a stimu- 
 lant and laxative. 
 
 Aquse Acetatis Ammonise 3 ii. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 3 i. 
 
 Aquse Florum Citri Aurant. ... 3 iv. 
 Infusi Sambuci et Tilise . . , . . . 3 iv. 
 Employed to excite and maintain the cutaneous 
 transpiration. 
 
 A cetatis Potassse 3 ii 
 
 Syrupi Acidi Acetici 3 i. 
 
 Aquse Canellae 3 j. 
 
 Infusi Tilise , . . . 3 iv. 
 
 Given in some organic affections of the abdoiru- 
 rial viscera. It serves also as a diuretic. 
 
 Aluminous ^Mixture, (-. ) 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 3 i. 
 
 Sulphatis Aluminse 3 i. fs. 
 
 Aqme Rosa? 3 * v 
 
 Acid Mixture, ( -) 
 
 Sy cupi Simplicis 3 ^ ^ s - 
 
 Jnfusi Rosa? Gallicae 3 iv. 
 
 Spiritus ^Etheris Sulphurici . . 3 i. fs. 
 This and the preceding- are administered by 
 spoonfuls in the case of uterine haemorrhagies, 
 
 Demulcent Mixture ^ ( ) 
 
 Amygdalarum Dulcium. 3 iv. 
 
 Mannaj! 3 ll 
 
 Syrupi Florum Amygdal. Persic. 3 i. 
 
 lufusi .Glycyrrhizse 3 iv. 
 
 _Aqu?p s Florum Anrantii 3 iv. 
 
POTIONS OR DRAUGHTS. 149 
 
 A spoonful of this preparation is occasionally 
 given in affections where it is necessary to keep 
 the bowels open without producing irritation. 
 
 intisyphilitic Solution, (M. CHAUSSIER.) 
 
 Cyanureti Hydrargyri gr. viii. 
 
 Aquse distillatae Jfe i. 
 
 This medicine is employed in the same doses, 
 and in the same cases, as the liquor of Van S\vie~ 
 ten. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis g i. fs. 
 
 Acidi Boracici 3 i. 
 
 Infusi Tilise g iv. 
 
 M. Chaussier often limits himself to this prescrip- 
 Hon in cerebral affections. 
 
 Gum Potion, (Hopital des Enfans.) 
 
 Gummi Acacise Arab gr. xviii; 
 
 Infusi Althaeas Comp 3 iv. 
 
 AquaB Flornm Aurant 3 ii. 
 
 Syrupi Althgjse g iii. 
 
 I 
 
 Linclus Albus, ( . ) 
 
 Olei Amygdali C g fs. 
 
 Gummi Acacise Arab ,3 iL 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis g i, 
 
 Aquse 3 iv, 
 
 Antispasmodic Mixture, ( ) 
 
 Infusi Tilice )_ .. 
 
 Althsese Comp { 3 
 
 Aquae Florum Aurantii 3 ii. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis g i. 
 
 ^Gtheris Sulphnrici 3 fs. 
 
IflU POTIONS OK 
 
 Anlispasmodic Mixture, (M. JADKLOT i 
 
 Aquae Valerianse ) .. 
 
 PcBonke Officin \* a & n 
 
 Syrupi Lavandulte g i. 
 
 Tincturse Castorei gtt. xx, 
 
 Tonic Mixture, ( ) 
 
 Syrupi Cinchonse g i. 
 
 Tinctures JVlelissae 3 ii. 
 
 Potionis Gummosse 3 iv. 
 
 Purgative Mixture, ( ) 
 
 Sennoe 3 iii. 
 
 Sulphatis Sodas 3 ii. 
 
 Manna? 3 i. 
 
 Aqua? * . g iv. 
 
 Jnfusi Polygalse g i\ . 
 
 Syrupi Ipecacuanhse .3 i. 
 
 Oxymellis Scillitici 3 iii. 
 
 Tartratis Antimonii gr. i. &. 
 
 This potion makes a part of the treatment em- 
 ployed against croup, and has for its object to faci- 
 litate the expulsion of the false membranes, which 
 form in the larynx and trachea. 
 
 Syrupi Cinchonee g i. 
 
 Tincturse Melissas 3 ii. 
 
 Extracti Cinchon. Mollis 31. 
 
 Potionis Gummosee g iv. 
 
 This tonic mixtuie is now, with nearly all other 
 stimulants, very seldom employed in the Hdpital 
 des Enfans. It is given, however, in some diseases 
 with general weakness, and is considered useful in 
 repairing the digestive powers, when there exists 
 no gastrointestinal inflammation. 
 
POTIONS OR DRAUGHTS. 151 
 
 Compound Linctus, ( ) 
 
 Emulsionis Amygdali communis.g iv. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 3 i. 
 
 Gummi Tragacanthce gr. vi. 
 
 To this are occasionally added, 
 
 Sulphur. Antimon. preecipit. . . .gr. ii. 
 vel Syrupi Papaveris 3 & 
 
 Emetic Solution, termed Eau Benite, (H6tel- 
 Dieu. La Charite.) 
 
 Tartratis Antimonii gr- vi. 
 
 Aquae 3 viii. 
 
 Employed in the treatment of colica pictonura. 
 
 Eau Minerale, ( ) 
 
 Sulphatis Sodse 3 iii. 
 
 Tartratis Antimonii gr. iii. 
 
 Aquse ferventis 3 x. 
 
 This combination is useful, when, with vomiting, 
 we wish also to excite alvine evacuations. It is 
 given in three or four doses every quarter of an 
 hour. M. Fouquier commences often, in this way, 
 the treatment of colica pictonum, when any nausea 
 exists. 
 
 Mtrous Potion, (Charite*.) 
 Decocti Tritici Repentis.. ..3 iv. 
 
 Syrupi Althseae .3 i. 
 
 Nitratis Potass gr. xviii. 
 
 Used for the purpose of exciting the urinary se- 
 cretions. The dose of the nitrate of potass is car- 
 ried much farther by M. Fouquier, who gives it 
 sometimes to the extent of three or four drachma 
 a-day. 
 
 Diuretic Mixture, ( ) 
 
 Decocti Enulse Campanse 3 iv. 
 
 Tincturae Digitalis g fs. 
 
 Alcohplis Potass gtt. xviii. 
 
 Syrupi Althgese. 3 i. 
 
 p:, 
 
POTIONS OK DRAUGHTS. 
 
 Diuretic, and gently stimulant Employed in 
 passive dropsies, particularly when they are ac- 
 companied by organic lesions of the heart. 
 
 Diuretic Potion, (M. LERJVIINIER. ) 
 
 Aquse distillat. Valerians ... 3 iv. 
 
 Menthss ..... 3 i. 
 
 ^Etheris Nitrici 3 i. 
 
 Tincturae Opii 3 fs. 
 
 Mellis Scillse 3 iv. 
 
 Syrupi Alttneae 3 i. 
 
 By this preparation, M. Lerminier has often suc- 
 ceeded in dissipating quickly the infiltration of the 
 cellular tissue which accompanies diseases of the 
 heart, and which constitutes a symptom of suffi- 
 cient importance to claim a special treatment. 
 
 Compound Potion of Manna, ( ) 
 
 Manna? g ii. 
 
 Pulv. Rhei 3 is. 
 
 Aqua? 3 iv. 
 
 Purgative Mixture, (M. LERMINIER.) 
 
 Olei Ricini > 
 
 Syrupi Rhamni J M 5 " 5 l 
 
 Aquse Menthse Piperit 3 i. 
 
 Prescribed by M. Lerminier in symptomatic 
 anasarca. A similar preparation was recommend- 
 ed by Sydenham. 
 
 Gum Potion, ( >) 
 
 Gummi Acaciae Arab 3 i. 
 
 Aquse .-3 iii. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 3 * 
 
 Aquse Florum Aurantii 3 ii. 
 
 This simple mixture is frequently employed in 
 inflammatory affections of the chest, and serves as 
 a vehicle for a number of medicines more or lesj? 
 powerful 
 
POTIONS OB DRAUGHT*. 153 
 
 Fotionis Gummosae 3 lv - 
 
 Oxymellis Scillae .3 fs. 
 
 vel Sulphur. Antimon. prsecipit.. .gr. i. iii. 
 
 From the gently stimulant action which these 
 additional substances have on the mucous mem- 
 brane of the bronchi, this mixture is in common 
 use towards the end of catarihal affections, when 
 expectoration is with difficulty effected. 
 
 Potionis Gummosse 3 i y - 
 
 Athens Sulphurici gtt. xviii. 
 
 In different spasmodic affections. 
 
 Bitter Pectoral Draught, (Charite.) 
 
 Infuei Cinchonse 3 i y ' 
 
 Syrupi Gummi Arab 3 i. 
 
 Aquae Florum Aurantii 3 ii. 
 
 Frequently given in chronic catarrhal affections, 
 and in pulmonary phthisis, to support the strength. 
 
 Compound Mixture of Cinchona, ( ) 
 
 Tnfusi Cinchonas 3 iv. 
 
 A quae Menthte ) c 
 
 Canellae \$ fs ' 
 
 Syrupi Cinchonse 3 i. 
 
 Employed in the treatment of adynamic fever, 
 with the addition, if required, of the extract of 
 cinchona, acetate of ammonia, &c. In the same 
 circumstances, M . Fouquier prescribes the two fol* 
 ] owing preparations : 
 
 Aquae Gummi Arab 3 iii. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis. 3 i. 
 
 Aquae Florum Aurantii ........ 3 ii. 
 
 Extracti Cinchonse Mollis 3 ii. 
 
 Acetatis Ammonias 3 i. 
 
 MelJis Seillre , . . 3 i, 
 
154 POTIONS OR DRAUGHTS, 
 
 Aquae Canellae ) . - 
 
 Aquae ^Etheris Camphoratse \ a a & l 
 
 Tincture Cinchonas 3 'ii, 
 
 -^Etheris Sulphuric! , . 3 fs. 
 
 Acetatis Ammoniae 3 fs, 
 
 (Syrupi Caryophylli g i. 
 
 Diuretic Mixture, (M.. FOUQUIER.} 
 
 Infusi Theae g iv. 
 
 Tincturae Digitalis 3 i, 
 
 Mellis Scillse g i. 
 
 M. Fouquier has had successful recourse to this 
 medicine in anasarca depending on organic affec- 
 tion of the heart. By the detraction of blood, 
 however, he previously reduces the vascular sys- 
 tem. 
 
 Astringent Mixture, ( ) 
 
 Aqu Rosae g i. 
 
 Extracti Rhatania? *. 3 i. 
 
 Syrupi Papaveris .* g i. 
 
 Employed with advantage in passive haBmor* 
 rhagy, and in chronic dysentery, when the inflam- 
 mation having ceased, the flux continues by the 
 inducement of habit. In the same disease, M. 
 Fouquier also makes use of the following draught : 
 
 Aquae Florum Aurantii g iij. 
 
 Tincture Canellae 3 fs. 
 
 Extracti Cinchonas Mollis 3 fs. 
 
 Syrupi Cydonise g fs. 
 
 Anti-Emelic Potion, ( Charite.) 
 
 Infusi Tilise g iv. 
 
 Sub-carbonatis Potassse gr. xxiv. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis g i. 
 
 A spoonful of this mixture is given occasionally, 
 with a few drops of lemon juice, to procure a dis- 
 
POTIONS OK DRAUGHTS. 153 
 
 of carbonic acid. M. Fouquier con- 
 ceives it more advantageous to give, after each 
 spoonful of the mixture, half a glassful of very 
 acid lemonade, in order that the decomposition 
 may take place in the stomach, 
 
 Compound Mixture of Copaiba, ( ) 
 
 Balsami Copaibse 
 
 AquaB JVIenthsB 
 
 Alcoholis Rect. , 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 
 
 Aquae Florum Aurant 
 
 Spiritus JEtheris Nitroso. .gtt. xviii. 
 The balsam of Copaiba is the principal and most 
 active ingredient in this composition, and is de- 
 signed to suppress the chronic discharge conse- 
 quent to acute inflammation of the mucous mem- 
 brane of the urethra. 
 
 Compound Infusion of Polygala, (M. CAYOL.) 
 
 Radicis Polygala? Seneg 3 ii. 
 
 Aqua? bullientis 3 vi. 
 
 Syrupi Toluif. Balsam 31. 
 
 Gummi Ammoniaci .... 3 fs i. 
 
 A spoonfnl is given every two hours, in certain 
 atonic pulmonary catarrhs, with an abundant pitui- 
 tous expectoration and cough. 
 
 Astringent Mixture, (M. CAYOL.) 
 
 Extract! Rhatani 3 fs i. 
 
 Aquse Rosas 3 iv. 
 
 Syrupi Cinchonas 3 i. 
 
 Dose, a spoonful every second or third hour, in 
 diarrhoea, leucorrhcBa, and passive haemorrhagy. 
 
156 POTIONS OR BR AUGHT*. 
 
 Common Emetic Mixture , (M. CAYOL.) 
 
 Tartratis Antimonii gr. ii. 
 
 Aquae Anthemidis Nob 3 V1 - 
 
 Syrupi Ipecacuanha? 3 * 
 
 Aquae Florum Aurantii 3 iii. 
 
 To be taken tepid in two doses, with an interval 
 of half an hour. 
 
 Purgative Draughty (M. CAYOL.) 
 
 Electuarii Rhei Comp 3 vi. 
 
 Mannae 3 ii. 
 
 Decocti Chicorii q. s. 
 
 This draught, taken as one dose, purges effectu- 
 ally, and without griping. It is particularly suit- 
 able for individuals advanced in life, or of a cachec- 
 tic habit, and who support ill the saline and drastic 
 purgatives. 
 
 Extracti Cinchona? Mollis 3 i. 
 
 Opii gr. i. ii. 
 
 Potionis Gummosae 3 lv ' 
 
 M. Cayol employs this with benefit in remittent 
 fever, and in phthisis pulmonalis. 
 
 Potionis Gummosae 3 * v - 
 
 Extracti Cinchona? Mollis 3 i. 
 
 Sulphatis Quinise gr. iv. 
 
 This formula is preferred by M. Chomel to those 
 
 which contain larger quantities of the bark in extract 
 
 or substance. 
 
 Purgative Draught, (Bicetre. M. RULLIER.) 
 Oiei Hicini 3 i. 
 
 Syrupi Florum Amygd. Pers. ... 3 i. 
 Syrupi Rhamni t . . . 3 i. 
 
POWDEBS. 157 
 
 POWDERS. 
 
 Substances in the form of powder are generally 
 given suspended in some liquid vehicle of a suitable 
 consistence. 
 
 Antispasmodic Powder. (H6tel-Dieu. M. RECA- 
 
 MIER.) 
 
 Pulveris Cinchonas 3 ii. 
 
 Valerianae 3 i. 
 
 This is divided into several portions, and taken in 
 the course of twenty-four hours 
 
 Powder of Ipecacttan and Rhubarb. (. ) 
 
 Pulveris Ipecacuanha? gr. xxiv. 
 
 - Rhei gr. xii. 
 
 Useful as a light stimulus to the stomach and in- 
 testinal canal- It may be given in one dose as an 
 emetic and cathartic. 
 
 Pulveris Ipecacuanha? gr. xxiv. 
 
 Scillse . gr, xii. 
 
 Prescribed by M. Recamier as au expectorant. 
 
 Pulveris Gentianae 3 is. 
 
 Bistortae .3 ii. 
 
 Peeonise Officinal 3 ii. 
 
 This powder was used as a substitute for Peru- 
 vian bark, when the latter could not easily be procu- 
 red, and is still employed in cases of fever that resist 
 the cinchona. 
 
 Aromatic Powder, (M. DUPUYTKEN.) 
 Pulveris Thy mi 3 iv. 
 
 &alvi8B ..,.,.,,.. 3 iv. 
 
 Rorismarim . . . 3 iv. 
 
 Hydro-chloratis Ammonise.. .gr* xx. 
 Camphorae gr. xx, 
 
 14 
 
!5 POWDERS. 
 
 Conceived by M. Dupuytren to fulfil the purpose 
 of cinchona as an external application. It has been 
 applied with success to parts attacked with gan- 
 grene. 
 
 Jlnthelmintic Powder , (M. DUPUYTREN.) 
 
 Fulveris Jalapae gr. xxx. 
 
 Rhei gr. vi. 
 
 Proto-chloridi Hydrargyri gr. ii. 
 
 This powder, which has been employed to procure 
 the expulsion of intestinal worms, may be exhibited 
 as a purgative in any ordinary case. 
 
 Stomachic Powder > (H6tel-Dieu.) 
 
 Pulveris Cinchona? 3 i. 
 
 Rhei 3 i. 
 
 Taken occasionally, in the quantity of twelve 
 grains, this mixture is found useful in cases of con- 
 stipation, and imperfect digestion. 
 
 Sulphur. Antimon. praecip 9 i. 
 
 Proto-chloridi Hydrargyri 9 i. 
 
 Sacchari 3 fs. 
 
 Given, at the hospital of St. Antoine, in the dose 
 of five or six grains, morning and evening, in vene- 
 real and scrofulous affections. 
 
 Absorbent Powder > (Maternite ) 
 
 Magnesia purs gr. viii. 
 
 Pulveris Canellae gr. i. 
 
 Given twice a-day to children under diarrhoea, with 
 formation of acid in the primae vise. 
 
 Purgative Powder > ( ) 
 
 Pulveris Jalapae gr. Ii. 
 
 Rhei gr. i. 
 
 Canellse gr. i 
 
 The dose of this powder is regulated according 
 
POWDERS. 159 
 
 to the age of the child, and its action in geneaal as- 
 sisted by a few spoonfuls of the decoction of prunes, 
 
 JLntipsoric Powder, (M. CHAUSSIER.) 
 
 Sulphuris Sublimati > , 
 
 AcetatisPlumbi... P artes 
 
 Sulphatis Zinci partera unam. 
 
 Employed in frictions, either alone or rubbed up 
 with a little oil, and considered by M. Chaussier as 
 a mean of avoiding the odour, and otherobjectioas 
 common to the usual modes of treatment. 
 
 Oxidi Bismuthi albi gr. iv. 
 
 Magnesia > 
 
 Sacchari \ aa S r - xl * 
 
 Divide in chartulas quatuor ssquales, 
 M. Recamier recommends this powder, which 
 has succeeded with him in a number of cases, in 
 violent and obstinate pains of the stomach, not de- 
 pending on inflammation. 
 
 Powder ofRousselot. 
 
 Sulphureti Hydrargyri rubri g i. 
 
 Resinse Pterocarpi Draconis. . . .g iv. 
 
 Oxidi Arsenici albi 3 fs. 
 
 Applied under the form of a paste, made by tri- 
 turating the powder with a sufficient quantity of 
 water or cerate. 
 
 Anti-Morotic Powder, (Maison de Sante 
 M. DUBOIS.) 
 
 Pulveris Cinchonas 3 i. 
 
 Canellse 3 fs. 
 
 Limaturce Ferri i, 
 
 Professor Dubois employs this powder, divided 
 into twelve doses, with the view of assisting the 
 menses in young and debilitated females, adopting > 
 
160 TISAJTES, 
 
 at the same time, all the other measures which 
 may concur to determine the blood towards the 
 uterine organs. 
 
 Arsenical Powder. (M. DUBOIS.) 
 
 Oxidi Arsenici albi 3 fs. 
 
 Sulphureti Hydrarg. rubii 3 i. 
 
 Resirice Pterocarpi Draccnis. . . . 3 fs. 
 
 This powder is much "employed by M. Dubois 
 as a caustic to cancerous ulcers. With a little 
 water, the powder is formed into a paste, with v* hich 
 the ulcer is covered, ard over which is usually ap- 
 plied a small piece of spider's web. At the end of 
 a few days, the eschar detaches itself, and leaves 
 uncovered a surface of a lively red, and in a condi- 
 tion more favourable to cicatrization. 
 
 TISANES. 
 
 These constitute the ordinary drinks of the pa- 
 tient, and are prepared by the infusion or decoction 
 of leaves, flowers, barks, roots, &c., and occasionally 
 with salts or animal substances. They are ad- 
 ministered by small cupfuls, and warm or cold, ac- 
 cording to the circumstances of the patient. They 
 contain, in general, very little of any medicinal 
 substance, but though they serve chiefly to relieve 
 the thirst, t?;ey can often be adapted with ad- 
 vantage to f he 'general intention of the treatment, 
 and may be considered, therefore, as accessaries to 
 the object which ip principally in view. 
 
 Tisanes may be rendered more active by the ad- 
 dition of sirups, salts, wines, alcoholic tinctures, 
 &c. Each of these modifications will be indicated 
 in its place. 
 
TISANES. 161 
 
 Decoclum Tritici Repentis* 
 (Tisane Commune.] 
 
 Tritici Repentis g i. 
 
 Glycyrrhizse Glabrae 3 i. 
 
 Aquae Fontanae ft ii. 
 
 In common use as a mild diluent. It is slightly 
 diuretic, a property which may be increased by the 
 addition of a few grains of the nitrate of potass. It 
 is employed in inflammatory and bilious fevers, and 
 in all cases where we wish to introduce a mild fluid 
 into the system. 
 
 Tartaric Acid Lemonade, (La Charite.) 
 
 Syrupi Acidi Tartarici 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae $3 ii. 
 
 Citric Lemonade^ ( ) 
 
 Fructus Citri Medicae 3 iij. 
 
 Aquae jfe ii. 
 
 . Syrupi Simplicis , . . . 3 ii. 
 
 These tisanes are especially applicable to fevers 
 and inflammations, in which there exist much heat 
 and thirst. They are refrigerant and slightly diu- 
 retic. In inflammation of the stomach, or respi- 
 ratory passages, their use would be improper, since 
 they might contribute to increase the cough, and 
 the pain of the epigastrium. 
 
 Hydrogala, ( H6tel-Dieu, and La Charite.) 
 
 Aquae Hordei jfc i. 
 
 Lactis Vaccine 3 iv. 
 
 This demulcent and slightly nutritive drink is 
 suited to acute or chronic inflammatory affections 
 of the chest, and to allay the irritation of the sto- 
 mach and intestines, produced by corrosive sub* 
 Stances. 
 
 14* 
 
162 TTSAYtS. 
 
 Decoction nf liar ley, ( . .). 
 
 IJordfti Distiehi 3 i. 
 
 Aqnn; ft-, iij. 
 
 Th" baric/ is lir.t IK., . minutes in a 
 
 pound of WHiCr to *'. ee it li un any linpui 1* ies. 
 Thia WatC, boi I, U i.- ' ien bulled ,n 1 inee 
 
 pounda of.\va f < , .im<| t> a thir.i Toilu; 
 
 decoction b radii frlyryrrhiz* is 
 
 added* 
 
 Tin i.MMMnul. ont,and afibrd 
 
 a litt!' i \-M-y of'trii in 
 
 fevers M.M , and mr t y be 
 
 c i'llrnrated according to the indication, with ho- 
 ney, oxymel, or eirup of tartaric acid. The ni- 
 (ratr of potass, and tartratc of antimony, are also 
 Ireqiiont additions. 
 
 Infusion of I Aniseed^ ( ) 
 
 SfMifmum Lini ;^ ii. 
 
 GIycyrrhr/.;r ;; i. 
 
 Aquir bnllicnlis ff, ii. 
 
 The infusion of lintstUMl is rxtrcinrly donmlo'iif, 
 and in-iy I>P jivrn in : h< cases nlrrady mentioned. 
 It is, howover, mor<' ivperially onij>loyed in in- 
 flammationH of the hlu Ider .md nrrtlini. By M. 
 Fonqnier, it is used as the vehicle for administer- 
 ing the tinrt.iire. of cant iinndes in paraljtiffbf the 
 
 phmoter veaica. He commences with five drops 
 
 in a pint of tiie. infusion, a id carries the dose to 
 the extent of 60 or HO drops in the dn\ . 
 
 Solution of Oum, ( . ) 
 
 (Jiimmi AcMon? Anm 3 fs. 
 
 A(jua ft ii. 
 
 The Bohition of gnm, n.s a drink, is one of the 
 most frequent in use. It is ^iveu in inflaininations, 
 wJicthcr of the mucoui or scroua membranes, or of 
 
TISANES, 163 
 
 the parenchyma, and, according as circumstances 
 may require, can be edulcorated with simple or 
 tartaric sirup, or acidulated with vinegar or lemon 
 juice. 
 
 Almond Emulsion^ ( ) 
 
 Nucleorum Amygdal. Com. Dec. 3 fs. 
 
 Aqme fti. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 3 i. 
 
 Infusion of Violets, ( ) 
 
 Florum Viol SB Tricolor 3 ii. 
 
 Aqua> bullieutis : ft ii. 
 
 Recommended in inflammatory atfections of the 
 thoracic viscera. 
 
 Decoction of Lichen, ( ) 
 
 Fol. Lichenis Islandici 3 fs. 
 
 The lichen is washed for five minutes in boiling 
 water, and is then boiled in three pounds of water 
 till the decoction is a third reduced. This drink, 
 which contains a certain quantity of vegetable jelly, 
 and bitter principle, is recommended in different 
 chronic diseases, and especially in phthisis pul- 
 monalis, not that any curative virtue is attached to 
 it, but as a mean of supporting the strength of the 
 patient. With this view, a portion of "milk, or sirup 
 of cinchona, is frequently added. 
 
 Simple Rydromel, ( ) 
 
 Syrupi Mellis 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae Rs ii. 
 
 Demulcent, and slightly laxative, given in fevers 
 and inflammations. 
 
 Decoction of Inula, or Compound Hydromel^ ( ) 
 
 Radicis Enuhe Campanae 3 i. 
 
 Hyssopi Officinalis 3 ii. 
 
 Fol. Hederce Terrestris 3 ii. 
 
 Syrupi Mellis . . , . , , . g ii. 
 
164 TISANES. 
 
 This drink, which is slightly stimulant, is cm- 
 ployed with success in cases where the bronchi are 
 filled with mucosities which are with difficulty dis- 
 lodged, as in chronic catarrh, asthma, aneurism of 
 the heart, &c. When any consecutive dropsy 
 exists, there may be added. 
 
 Nitratis Potassse 3 fs. i. 
 
 Infusion of A mica , ( - 
 
 Florum Arnicas Montanse 3 i. 
 
 Aquse bullientis jfe ii. 
 
 The flowers of arnica exert a stimulant action on 
 the brain and nervous system. This infusion, there- 
 fore, is recommended in those cases of apoplexy 
 and paralysis, which appear free from any state of 
 inflammation. 
 
 Decoction of Cinchona, (- 
 
 Cinchonas 3 ii. 
 
 * Aquse }fe iii. 
 
 Decoque ad libras duas, et cola. 
 Infusion of Cinchona, (Charite.) 
 
 Cinchona? 3 ii. 
 
 Aquse .' }fe ii. 
 
 Macera per horas viginti quatuor, et cola. 
 The decoction and the infusion of cinchona are ad- 
 ministered in the same cases, the only difference be- 
 ing, that the properties of the infusion are less en- - 
 ergetic. They are exhibited in adynamic and atax- 
 ic fevers, as a part of the stimulant and tonic treat- 
 ment. MM. Fouquier and Lerminier, however, 
 are extremely cautious in employing these as well 
 as other tonic medicines. 
 
 * These are the same as the proportions directed by the Edinburgh 
 Pharmacopeia. Tr. 
 
TISANES. 16 
 
 Decoction of Guaiac, ( ) 
 
 Ligni Guaiaci Officinalis rasi. . . . 3 i- 
 
 AquaR fe iii. 
 
 GlycytrfiizsB Glabrse 3 i. 
 
 Decoque ad libras duas, et cola. 
 The decoction of gnaiac is diaphoretic, and is 
 recommended in chronic rheumatism. It may be 
 associated with baths, fumigations, Dover's powder, 
 and with stimulating applications. It also consti- 
 tutes sometimes a part of the anti- venereal treat- 
 ment. 
 
 Compound Decoction of Sarsaparilla. 
 
 Radicis Sarsaparillae 5 * 
 
 Aquae fe iii. 
 
 Sulphureti . Antimonii 3 ii. 
 
 Ichthyocollae Concisse 3 i. 
 
 The sulphuret is wrapt in a piece of linen, and 
 suspended in the liquid, which is boiled till reduced 
 one third. This decoction, analogous in its com- 
 position to the tisane of Feltz used at the Venereal 
 Hospital, is employed in the same cases, and with 
 similar success. 
 
 Infusion of Juniper, ( ) 
 
 Baccse Juniperi Com. Contuses . 3 ii. 
 
 Aquse bullientis ft ii. 
 
 Aromatic, and weakly diuretic, It is frequently 
 given by M. Fouquier in dropsies, associated com- 
 monly with a little white wine, and the nitrate or 
 acetate of potass. 
 
 Decoction of Asparagus, ( ) 
 
 Radicis Asparagi 3 i. 
 
 Aquse fe ii. 
 
 This decoction has considerable diuretic powers. 
 As it is seldom, however, sufficient of itself, the 
 
166 TISAIfES. 
 
 same additions are made to it as to the preceding 
 infusion. 
 
 Decoction of Rice, ( Hotel- Dieu and Charite.) 
 
 Oryzse Sativae 3 fs. 
 
 Aquae ft iii. 
 
 Decoque ad libras duas, et cola. 
 The decoction of rice is frequently used in diar- 
 rhoea and dysentery. It may be combined with 
 the decoction of catechu, edulcorated with the 
 sirup of quince seeds, or acidulated with the spi- 
 ritus aetheris sulphurici. 
 
 Compound Decoction of Hartshorn. 
 
 Cornu Cervi rasi 3 fs. 
 
 / Micae Panis g i. 
 
 Aquae .' ft iii. 
 
 Decoque ad libras duas, et jadde, 
 
 Syrupi Cydoniae 3 ii. 
 
 This preparation, varied a little in its composi- 
 tion, is employed in almost all the hospitals. It is 
 demulcent, and nutritive, and is given in chronic 
 diarrhoea. 
 
 Decoction of Catechu, ( ) 
 
 Catechu 311. 
 
 Aquae Jfe ii. 
 
 Decoque per horse quartam partem. 
 In chronic and obstinate diarrhoea, where there 
 is reason to believe that the evacuations are not 
 dependent on inflammation, but on an atonic state 
 ,f the mucous membrane of the intestines. 
 
 Sulphuric Lemonade. 
 
 Aquse. feii. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 3 ii. 
 
 Acidi Sulphurici Dilut 3 iy. 
 
TISANES. 167 
 
 In the same way lemonades may be prepared 
 from the nitric, muriatic, and phosphoric acids. 
 
 The sulphuric acid lemonade is employed as a 
 powerful tonic and astringent in fevers and passive 
 haemorrhagy. It is immediately interdicted, should 
 there appear any symptoms of gastro -intestinal 
 irritation. Those prepared with the nitric, muria- 
 tic, and phosphoric acids, are very little used. The 
 last has been extolled in cancer of the uterus, but 
 the trials made of it have not been satisfactory. 
 
 Decoction of Prunes* ( ) 
 
 Fructus Pruni Domesticae .... 3 iii. 
 Aquae ft iii. 
 
 Decoque ad libras duas. 
 
 Used as a mild laxative. With the addition of 
 an ounce of manna, M. Fouquier employs it often in 
 colica pictonum. 
 
 Decoction of Tamarinds, ( ) 
 
 Pulpae Tamarindi Indicse . .' g ii. 
 
 Aquae ft iii. 
 
 Decoque per horae quartam partera, et cola, 
 
 Infusion of Senna, ( ) 
 
 Foliorum Sennae 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae bullientis . ft ii, 
 
 Infusion of Mallow, ( ) 
 
 Florum Malvae Sylvestris ...... 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae bullientis ft ii. 
 
 Infusion of Marshmallow, ( ) 
 
 Radicis Althaeas Officinalis 3 L 
 
 Aquae bullientis ft ii. 
 
 These two tisanes are useful in acute affections 
 of the thorax anc abdomen, and in the phlegmasic 
 in general. They may be edulcorated with honey 
 or with sirup. 
 
168 TISANES, 
 
 Herbse Hyssopi Officin 31!. 
 
 Aquae bullientis jfe ii. 
 
 Florum Hederae Terre/stria 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae bullientis Jfe ii. 
 
 These two infusions are slightly aromatic, and 
 are often prescribed together in catarrhal affections, 
 to faciliate expectoration. 
 
 Infusion of Elder Flowers, ( ) 
 
 Florum Sambuci Nigrae 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae bullientis ffe ii. 
 
 Infusion of Borage, ( ) 
 
 Florum Borag. Officinal 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae Jfe ii. 
 
 These two infusions are diaphoretic, and are em- 
 ployed in rheumatism and the exanthemata. They 
 are warm, and sometimes edulcorated with honey or 
 sirup of tartaric acid. The infusion of borage is 
 also slightly diuretic, and is used in this view as a 
 vehicle for more active medicines. 
 
 Decoction of Fern, (La C harit e . ) 
 
 Radicis Aspidii Filicis Maris g,i. 
 
 Aqua? fe ii. 
 
 Employed in the treatment of vermes, in conjunc 
 tion with other remedies. 
 
 Decoction of Centaury, ( ) 
 
 Florum Chironiae Centaurii 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae fe ii. 
 
 Radicis Rumicis Patientiae. .. . 3 i. 
 Aquas ft ii. 
 
 These two tisanes, containing a bitter principle, 
 are prescribed with a view to give tone to the diges- 
 tive organs. The latter is likewise used in the treat- 
 ment of cutaneous diseases. 
 
TISANES. 169 
 
 Infusion of Chamomile, ( ) 
 
 Florum Anthem. Nob 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae bullientis fe ii. 
 
 Infusion of Absinthium, ( ) 
 
 Cacuminum Artemisiae Absinthii. . . . 3 ii. 
 Aquae bullientis fe ii. 
 
 Infusion of Saffron, ( ) 
 
 Croci Orientalis 3 ii- 
 
 Aquas bullientis Ife ii. 
 
 The bitter and aromatic principles which these 
 infusions more or less contain, render them of use 
 in debility of the digestive organs. From the spe- 
 cial action which they are supposed to exert on the 
 genital system, they are employed in dysmenorr- 
 hoea, when not depending on erethism^, occasion- 
 ed by plethora. 
 
 Infusion of Burdock, ( ) 
 
 Radicis Bardanae Major g i. 
 
 Aquae bullientis fe ii. 
 
 This plant is given alone, or with garden patience, 
 in several exanthematous affections, not febrile, as 
 psora, herpes, &c. 
 
 Infusion of Tilia, ( ) 
 
 Florum Tiliae Europe. 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae }fe ii. 
 
 This tisane is in common use as a weak antispas- 
 modic in nervous affections, with the addition, some- 
 times, of the sirup of gum or of poppies. 
 
 Infusion of Red Poppy, ( . ) 
 
 Florum Papaveris Erratici 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae bullientis 85 ii. 
 
 Often combined with the preceding as a feeble 
 mrcotic. 
 
 15 
 
TISANES. 
 
 Infusion of Orange Leaves, ( ^) 
 
 Fol. Citri Aurantii 3 ii. 
 
 Aquas bullientis ft ii. 
 
 Frequently employed alone, or combined wit It 
 either of the two preceding. To allay the vomiting - 
 in organic affections of the stomach, M. Fouquier 
 sometimes directs the infusion of the flowers of the 
 lime and orange, with a third or fourth part of the 
 Eau de Seltz, or Eau de Vichy.* 
 
 Infusion of Veronica* (Hotel-Dieu.) 
 
 Florum Veronicas Beccabungse . . 3 fa. 
 
 Aquee bullientis , ft ii. 
 
 Demulcent, and slightly aromatic. Employed in 
 a great number of cases, especially in chronic affec- 
 tions of the chest. 
 
 Infusion of Anise, ( ) 
 
 Seminum Anisi .3 fs. 
 
 Aquas bullientis ....,, ft ii. 
 
 Aromatic and stimulant. Useful in dyspepsia, and 
 m the nervous pains of the stomach, known under 
 the name of cramps. 
 
 Decoction of Artemisia, ( ) 
 
 ArtexnisiaB Santonicae 3 fs. 
 
 Aquae bullientis ft ii. 
 
 Used frequently as an anthelmintic. 
 
 Tar Water, ( ) 
 
 Picis Liquidae 3 fs. 
 
 Aquae ft ii. 
 
 * These are saline acidulous waters. The Eau de Vichy is a so- 
 lution of salts in distilled water, impregnated with twice its volume 
 of carbonic acid gaa. The Eau de Seltz ii nearly the same, except 
 iMtthe water contains five times itp volume of <he carbonic acid- 
 IV, 
 
TIssAAEfc. 171 
 
 Tar water, extolled as a remedy in phthisis, has 
 been given by the physicians of the I16tel-Dieu, 
 who have not discovered in it the curative virtues 
 that have been ascribed to it. It is considered, 
 however, as a stimulant, and to promote expecto- 
 ration. It may be edulcorated with different si- 
 rups. 
 
 Decoction of Fir Tops, ( ) 
 
 Cacuminum Pini Sylvestris 3 ii. 
 
 Aquai ft ii. 
 
 The remarks on tar water are applicable to this 
 decoction, which owes its properties to an extrae- 
 to -resinous principle. 
 
 Decoction of Comfrey, ( ) 
 
 Radicis Symphyti Majoris 3 i. 
 
 Aquae Jfe ii. 
 
 Some physicians of the Hotel-Dieu regard this 
 decoction as a powerful astringent in internal hae- 
 morrhagies. The sirup of comfrey is sometime* 
 added to rice water. 
 
 Infusion of Poly gala , ( ) 
 
 Radicis Polygala? Senegse 3 fs. 
 
 Aquae bullientis Ife ii. 
 
 Employed, conjointly with other tonics, in the 
 treatment of fever. 
 
 Decoction of Bistort, ( .) 
 
 Radicis Bistorts 3 i. 
 
 Aquee jfe ii. 
 
 Astringent. Sometimes employed in internal 
 prid passive hsemorrhagy, 
 
 Infusion of Rhubarb, (< ) 
 
 Radicis Rliei contuses 3 i. 
 
 .A quaa bullientis ..,,,... fa ii 
 
172 
 
 Recommended as a tonic and gentle" purgative 
 in some chronic diseases, and in convalescence 
 from acute affections that have not had their seat 
 in the primae vise. 
 
 Decoction of Snake Root, ( ) 
 
 Radicis Aristolochiae Serpentarize . 3 i. 
 Aqua? ft ii. 
 
 In the same cases as the infusion of poly gal a. 
 Decoction of Sarsaparilla, ( ) 
 
 Sarsaparillae 3 * 
 
 Aquse Jfe ii. 
 
 Decoction of China Root, ( ) 
 
 Smilacis Chinse 3 i . 
 
 Aquae Jfe ii. 
 
 These two preparations are sometimes used, but 
 less frequently, than the sudorific tisane, the for- 
 mula for which will be found a little farther on. 
 
 Infusion of Valerian, ( ) 
 
 Radicis Valerians g i. 
 
 Aqua? bullientis fe ii. 
 
 This infusion has been often employed in ner- 
 vous affections, as epilepsy, hysteria, tic dou- 
 loureux, &c. Other antispasmodics are usually 
 combined with it. 
 
 Decoction of Bitter-sweet, ( ) 
 
 Caulium Solani Dulcamaras 3 i. 
 
 Aqua3 fe ii. 
 
 The bitter-sweet, .so much extolled as a remedy 
 against cancer, has not supported its reputation. 
 It is still, however, employed to calm the violent 
 pains to which the patients are a prey ; but it is 
 almost always necessary to join other narcotics 
 along with it. 
 
TISANES. .173 
 
 Infusion of Canella, ( ) 
 
 Canelhfi Alb 3 ft. 
 
 Aquse bullientis ' ft ii. 
 
 Infusion of Mint ,( ) 
 
 Fol. Menthae Viridis g fs. 
 
 Aquae bullientis ft ii. 
 
 Infusion of Balm, ( ) 
 
 Fol. Melissse 3 fs. 
 
 Aquse bullientis ft ii. 
 
 These three infusions are analogous in their 
 properties, and are used to excite gently the sto- 
 mach, when, from atony of that organ, its func- 
 tions are impaired. They are used also as warm 
 as the patient can drink them, in nervous colics, 
 unconnected with intestinal inflammation. 
 
 Infusion of flop*, ( ) 
 
 Strobiloisim Humuli g i, 
 
 Aqua3 bullientis ft ii. 
 
 Aromatic and bitter. Recommended by some 
 practitioners in scrofulous and scorbutic affections, 
 and in other diseases of an atonic character. 
 
 Serum Lactis, (Petit-Lait.) 
 
 Lactis Vaccinse ft ii, 
 
 Decoque : 
 
 Acidi Acetici q. s. 
 
 Adde Acidum Aceticum, et cola. 
 
 Antiscorbutic Tisane, ( ) 
 
 Infusi Amari ft ii. 
 
 Alcoholis Cochlearise 3 fs 
 
 Employed, in concert with the other agents of 
 the stimulant treatment, in scrofula and scorbutii. 
 In the note of M. Dupuytren on the antigerofulous 
 15* 
 
174. HS.A.M->- 
 
 treatment, it will be seen that, he does not tuiiow 
 the same principles. 
 
 Sudorific Tisane, (H6tel-Dieu.) 
 
 Radicis Sarsaparillae 3 fs. 
 
 . Smilacis Chinae 3 fs. 
 
 Ligni Guaici 3 fs. 
 
 - Sassafras 3 ii. 
 
 Aquse ft ii. 
 
 To excite copious perspiration in chronic rheu- 
 matism and syphilis. 
 
 Diuretic Tisane, (M. RECAMIER.) 
 
 Gummi Arabici 3 v. 
 
 Saponis Medicinalis 3 fs. 
 
 Nitratis Potassae gr. xxiv. 
 
 Carbonatis Potassae 3 i. fs. 
 
 Infusi Juniperi Commun ft ii. 
 
 M. Recamier has obtained froi this preparation 
 good effects in different cases of dropsy. 
 
 Alcoholic Lemonade, (Hotel-Dieu.) 
 
 Alcoholis 3 i. ii. 
 
 Mellis albi 3 i. 
 
 Syrupi Acidi Tartarici 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae ft ii. 
 
 Lemonade of the Soluble Supertartrate of Potass, 
 (La Charite). 
 
 Supertartratis Potassae Solubilis.g fs. ii. 
 
 Aquae bullientis ft ii. 
 
 M. Fouquier prescribes this often as a drink to 
 overcome constipation, or to produce a salutary de- 
 rivation towards the intestines, in congestions of 
 the superior parts. 
 
TISAXKS. 
 
 ic Tisane, (Venereal Hospital.) 
 
 Radicis Bardanas Majoris. .. ) ^ 
 - - Rumicis Patientise. . { a a 5 
 Ligni Guaici 
 
 Baccse Juniper! Com ........... 3 ii. 
 
 Aquse Communis ............. jfe iv. 
 
 Decoque ad libras duas. 
 
 Common Sudorific Tisane, ( ) 
 
 Ligni Guaici rasi ............ 3 i. fs. 
 
 Sarsaparillse ................ 3 fs. 
 
 Aquae ...................... |fe iv. 
 
 Decoque ad libras duas. 
 To this are sometimes added, 
 
 Sennse ...................... 31!. 
 
 Sulphatis Sodae ............ 3 ii. fs. 
 
 The sudorific drinks make an essential part of 
 the anti- venereal treatment ; given either alone, or 
 combined with mercurial preparations. 
 
 Tisane, (called Liquor of Pollini.) 
 Cinchonas ................ ) _ _ ... 
 
 Sarsaparillse ............. \ a * 5 U J" 
 
 Lapidis Pumicis ........ > ~ 
 
 Sulphureti Antimonii . . . . J a a L 
 
 Drupae Juglandis regisa ......... ft i. 
 
 Aquae ..................... ft viii. 
 
 Decoque ad dimidium, et cola. Liquori colati, adjice, 
 Subcarbonatis Potassae ........ g i. 
 
 This preparation has been tried at the Venereal 
 Hospital, in the case of subjects that have been 
 treated without success by mercurial preparations. 
 From comparative experiments, however, the pre- 
 ference is now given to the tisane of Feltz. 
 
Tisane of Fell:,( , 
 
 Radicis Sarsaparilljc coneisae . . . 
 
 Ichthyocollce < , .... g is 
 
 Pulv. Antimonii crudi ....-.,.,. 3 iv. 
 Aquce Fontangj fe vi. 
 
 The formula for the tisane of Feltz, properly so 
 called, is more complicated than this, in which only 
 the substances really active have been retained. 
 
 The crude antimony is tied in a piece of linen, 
 and put into a varnished earthen pot, taking- care 
 that it does not touch the bottom of the vessel. 
 The water is then added, and boiled to a half by a 
 gentle fire, in order that the ebullition may not 
 cause the liquid to pass over the edge of the vessel. 
 About twelve hours are necessary for the reduction 
 to take place. The vessel is left on warm ashes 
 till the following morning, when the decoction is 
 strained through a piece of fine linen, and put into 
 bottles. The three pounds of liquid form six doses 
 of half a pound each, which are to be taken in two 
 days. 
 
 Tiiis tisane is given with success in obstinate 
 venereal affections that have withstood the mercu- 
 rial treatment. The patient takes three doses each 
 day ; the lirst at seven in the morning, before taking 
 food, the second at two o'clock afternoon, and 
 the third at nine in the evening. Each dose to be 
 taken cold. He is allowed two meals a-day, in the 
 morning at eleven, arid in the evening at six o'clock. 
 These two repasts consist of two thirds of beef, and 
 one third of veal, boiled in a sufficient quantity of 
 water, without salt, vegetables, or any kind of sea- 
 soning. With the boiled meat, he is allowed some 
 bread soup, and a few stewed prunes. After each 
 dose of the medicine, he is made to walk for half an 
 hour. 
 The medium duration of the treatment is from 
 
\-ibur to tiiivty days. The 
 
 i ine is o-roat, in: patients d< 
 
 appear to sutler any of tlio accidents which mer- 
 cury too often produces ; at the end of a to\v days, 
 on the contrary, a sensible amelioration is 
 perceived. 
 
 Decoction of Angelica, (St. Antoin 
 
 Radicis Angelica 
 
 Alcohplis c - 
 
 Syrnpi ZS 3 ii. 
 
 Aqu fe ii. 
 
 s is employed as a drink in convalescence 
 from chronic diseases , and in any case where it is 
 necessary to give a stimulus to the dij 
 
 Astringciti Infusion, (Maison de Santf.) 
 
 Fol. Ros Gallicte 
 
 AqucB bnllientis ft i. 
 
 Sacchari i, 
 
 Acidi Sulphurici 5 
 
 In passive haemorrhages. 
 
 Alkaline Gaseous Water, ( ) 
 
 Carbonatis Soda? purificat..gr. xviii. 
 
 Acidi Hydro-chlorici 5 is. 
 
 Aqinr distillata^ ^ xii. 
 
 This water, an a logons in its composition to the 
 Ean Minerale de Seltz, is employed, mixed \\-\\', i 
 
 appropriate tisane, in the case of nervo; 
 miting-s, and in some chronic affections i 
 o estiva organs. It should be kept in a wel' 
 vessel. 
 
 rctir Decoction^ (M. DXJBOIS.) 
 UaJjcis Fraii'iiriiv Vesc. . . ^ 
 
 Aspa r:\o-i Otlicin. . > ^a 3 ^ 
 
 Rusri Aculeati*.. } 
 
 Aq\ur Jf-, ii. Is, 
 
 i Knfland- 
 
Decoque ad libras duas, cola, 'el m 
 Syrupi Hyssopi . ) . 
 
 Althseje Comp. ... $ a a * J 
 
 M. Dubois frequently recommends this as & 
 drink in idiopatluc and symptomatic dropsy. Irs 
 some circumstances, and to increase its activity, iif? 
 adds to it from twelve to thirty grains of the nitrate 
 of potass. 
 
 Sudorific Decoction, (M. DUBOIS.} 
 
 Radicis Siccat, JBardanee M 3 L 
 
 Seminum Hordei 3 &. 
 
 Feenicule 3 iii. 
 
 Aqua? jfe ii. fs. 
 
 Decoque ad duas libras, et adjice, 
 fSyrupi Sarsaparil. et Sen. Cornp. 3 " 
 f* This preparation has been long employed by M- 
 Dubois in the treatment of syphilis; he gives at 
 the same time the liquor of Van Swieten, in the 
 dose of half an ounce in a cupful of railk, or oV 
 gum water. 
 
 Infusion of Galium, (Maternite.) 
 
 Florum Galli Veri 3 ii. 
 
 Aquae bullientis :.....& ii. 
 
 Administered often by M. Chaussier in cerebral 
 affections, who regards* it as anodyne and antispas 
 moclic. 
 
 i Decoction, (Hopital des Enfans. '> 
 
 Micffi Panis o ^ 
 
 Cornu Cervi Calcinat 3 ii. 
 
 Aqua3 > . . . ffe ii, 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 5 i^ 
 
 Tincturae Caneilse Albte . , 3 i. 
 
 t Vulgarly kn<nvn hy the narap of :ron sudorifi^ue d9 Ct. 
 
179 
 
 tins decoction differs little from that of the 
 st&er hospitals, and is employed in the same cases. 
 Cacuminum Hyperici. ..... > ^ 
 
 Florum Sambucl Nigrae ... $ Ta 9 i. 
 
 Galii Veri i 
 
 Fol. Sennae . * > 3 i. 
 
 Sulphatis Magnesice ..,.. ) 
 
 Seri Lactis ft i. 
 
 Digere per horas duodecim. 
 This preparation, a liitle changed, is the Petit 
 Lait de Wtiss* It is employed by M. Boyer as a 
 asild purgative in diseases of the skin, and in the 
 affections consequent to parturition. 
 
 Gaseous Magnetian Watt*. 
 
 Aqus ' fe iii. Is. 
 
 Acidi Sulphurici diluti* 3 x, 
 
 Carbonatis Magnesie. . . , 3 iii. 
 
 At the end of two hours, when the solution is 
 completed, the water is put into flasks, which 
 should be well corked. 
 
 The dose of this water is from eight ounces to a 
 ?>ound. It is useful in cases where the carbonic 
 acid is employed as an antispasmodic, and in some 
 organic affections of the alimentary canal. 
 
 PARTICULAR REMEDIES, 
 
 Under this title I have endeavoured to collect 
 the substances recently introduced into medicine, 
 with some other remedies, peculiar, either from 
 their composition, or from the therapeutic views 
 with which they are administered. I have thought 
 
 * Sir parts of distilled water to one of -tfrnceirtfatfed acid,-*~7V. 
 
ISO PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 
 
 it better to place them in a separate chapter, as be- 
 ing more easily found than in the different sections 
 under which otherwise it would have been neces- 
 sary to have arranged them. 
 
 Mercurial Soap, (Maternite. M. CHAUSSIER.) 
 Unguenti Hydrargyri Fort. . 3 iii. fs. 
 Solutionis Soda? Caustica? . .... 3 iii. 
 
 The mercurial ointment is to be triturated in a 
 glass mortar, with the solution of soda, gradually 
 addend to it, until the mixture has acquired a firm 
 tenacity. It is then put into a mould, or case of 
 strong paper, and preserved for use. It is employ- 
 ed in frictions, in syphilis, psora, and certain vari- 
 eties of herpes. 
 
 Syrup of the Sulphuret of Potass, ( ) 
 
 Sacchari Albi 3 x. 
 
 Aqua? Hyssopi distillate 3 ii. 
 
 Sulphureti Potassse 3 i. fs. 
 
 This sirup, recommended against croup, contains 
 about six grains of the sulphuret in each ounce. 
 
 Aqueous Infusion of Opium, (- 
 
 Opii 3 i. 
 
 Aquae distillatse 3 ix. 
 
 The opium in coarse powder, is put into a bottle 
 with the quantity of water indicated, and allowed 
 to infuse, the bottle being occasionally shaken. At 
 the end of three or four days the liquor is filtered 
 through paper, and six or eight drachms of alcohol 
 are added to preserve it. 
 
 From sixteen to thirty drops of this infusion may 
 be administered in potions, or from fifty to eighty in 
 two ounces of infusion of mallow, in inflammations 
 of the eye, and diseases^of the mamma?. 
 
 M. Chaussier prefers" in 'general this aqueous in- 
 
PAKTICVLAK REMEDIES. 181 
 
 fusion of opium to the liquid laudanum of Sydenham, 
 as it possesses a narcotic property only without aro- 
 matics, or any other stimulating ingredient. 
 
 Of the Cortex Qranati as a Remedy against the Tccnia. 
 Several of the hospital physicians have tried with 
 success the bark of the root of the punica granatum, 
 against the tape worm. It is supposed that this 
 substance constituted the remedy proposed by M. 
 Darbon. The following is the manner in which it 
 is administered : 
 
 Corticis Radicis Granati ...... 3 xii. 
 
 Aquae ...................... Jfe iii. 
 
 Coque per horse dimidiain, et cola. Adde, 
 Syrupi Menthee ............ 3 i. fs. 
 
 The patient takes two glassfuls of this decoction 
 in the morning, and as much in the evening. It is 
 continued two or three days, after which, some ad- 
 minister as a purgative an ounce or two of oleum 
 ricini, but in general the previous medicine suffices 
 to expel the worm. Some prefer to exhibit the pow- 
 der in substance, in a little wine or peppermint- 
 water. 
 
 Treatment of BOURDIER against Tcenia. 
 In the evening, some panado, with the yolk of an 
 
 g- 
 Th 
 
 he following morning one drachm of sulphuric 
 ether, in a glassful of a strong decoction of the male 
 fern. Five minutes afterwards, an enema of the 
 same decoction, to which two drachms of sulphuric 
 ether are added. 
 
 An hour afterwards the following purgative : 
 Olei Ricini .................. g ii. 
 
 Syrupi Florum Ainygd. Persies . . 3 * 
 The action of the purgative is aided by a few 
 cupfuls of some simple vegetable soup. 
 16 
 
182 PARTiClTLAK KEME !>!. 
 
 JVbte by M. GUILBERT on the treatment of Toema . 
 
 Professor Guilbert, in his practice, does not, in 
 general, direct any means of treatment in the case 
 of the solitary worm. He has observed that this 
 animal paracite may exist long in the economy with- 
 out occasioning any evil, provided that care be ta- 
 ken to give sufficient nourishment to the patient In 
 a great number of subjects which he has had an op- 
 portunity to examine, drastic purgatives were the 
 principal cause of the disease. He leaves the tenia, 
 therefore, without interference, persuaded it will al- 
 most always disappear spontaneously. When the 
 worm, however, gives rise to severe symptoms, 
 which sometimes occurs, he employs the treatment 
 of Bourdier, in preference to any other. 
 
 Treatment of Professor DUBOIS. 
 In the evening some panado ; and next morning, 
 in a cupful of vegetable soup, 
 
 Pulveris Filicis Maris %k. 
 
 An hour afterwards he causes the patient to 
 take, at intervals of an hour, the following mass, 
 divided into three bolusus : 
 
 Pulveris Jalapse ^ 
 
 Diagridii 
 
 Pulv. Gambogise J a a gr. 
 
 Seammonis J 
 
 Treatment of M. ALIBERT. 
 
 As an ordinary drink to the patient, the follow- 
 ing decoction is given : 
 
 Radicis Filicis Maris g iv. 
 
 Aqua Fontanse ]fe iij. 
 
 De.coque ad libras duas, et adde, 
 Syrupi Coralline g ii. 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 183 
 
 Three hours after repast, he administers the fol- 
 lowing bolus : 
 
 Hydrargyri Submuriatis. > ... 
 Cornu Cervi calcinati. . . $ a ag J " 
 
 Conserve Rosse q. s. 
 
 The second day, the following purgative is pre- 
 scribed : 
 
 Pulv. Scammoniae gr. xviii. 
 
 Rad. Filicis Maris g i. 
 
 Gambogiffi 
 
 * Submuriat. Hydrarg. . . 
 To be taken in one dose, with some water or with 
 wine. 
 
 Compound Sirup ofSarsaparilla, (Venereal Hos*. 
 pital.) . 
 
 Rad. Sarsaparillse concisse. . ) . 
 
 Ligni Guaiaci rasi a a 16 i. 
 
 Aquse Fontan }fe xii. 
 
 Sacchari 
 Mellis AIM 
 
 This sirup is given, along with the liquor of Van 
 Swieten, in the dose of from two to four ounces. 
 The sudorifics without mercury are employed in 
 the diseases which have been treated long and 
 without success, by preparations of that metal. 
 
 * The extent of this dose must be rather startling to the reader. 
 From |h is specimen of treatment, however, it can scarcely with any 
 justice be said that there is a dread of purgatives in the French 
 practice. It may here be remarked, that there is nothing in the ancient 
 records of medical practice so startlir.g, or rather so utterly inexpli- 
 cable to our modern notions and experience, as the extent to which 
 the doses of the most powerful medicines were carried. It is a 
 curious fact, and one which removes the supposition of error in our 
 editions of the ancients, that these doses seem to have been uniformly 
 four times as large as the ones now administered under exactly 
 corresponding circumstances. This may be seen in Dr. E. Milligan's 
 ingenious tables prefixed to his elegant edition of Celsus, and from 
 a paper by that gentleman, published a few years ago, in the E/l, 
 31ed. and Rorg. Jotrr. Tr, 
 
184 PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 
 
 Sachet Resolutif) (Maison dc? Sante. M. DUIWERIL, \ 
 
 Sulphatis Calcis } 
 
 Ferri / o~a 3 i- 
 
 Hydro-chloratis Ammoniae ) 
 These substances are placed on a pledget of cot- 
 ton, and enclosed in a thin muslin bag, which re- 
 ceives the name of Sachet Resolutif. It is applied 
 in the form of a collar, over goitres, and other tu- 
 mours formed by the morbid development of the 
 thyroid gland. , 
 
 Bitter Diuretic Wine, (M. CORVISART.) 
 
 Corticis Winterani } 
 
 Cinchonas / o~a 3 * 
 
 Cane!Ja3 Albae ) 
 
 Radicis Angelicas -\ 
 
 Baccae Juniperi \ aa ^ u " 
 
 Involucri Nucis Moschatre. J 
 
 Fol. Absinthii siccat. .. > _. 
 
 nr T / r inanip. 11. 
 
 JVlGIlSSa;! . . ^ 
 
 Vini Albi fe ii. 
 
 Macera per horas viginti quatuor. 
 The dose of this wine is from one to four ounces 
 a-day. It may be used with advantage as a tonic 
 in debility of the stomach, and is equally suitable as 
 a remedy in passive dropsies. 
 
 Bitter wine, (M. DUBOIS.) 
 
 Vim Albi Madeirensis ffe xviii. 
 
 Cinchonae Macrocarpse ) /* t 
 
 Cordifolia?.. \ fi a 5 
 
 Canellae Alba? g i.- ii v 
 
 Bacca3 Juniperi ^ 
 
 Corticis Citri Medicsc > ITa 3 ix. 
 
 . Winterani } 
 
 Carbonatis Sodae 3 iv. f&\ 
 
 This wine is tonic and f 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. M* 
 
 Tincture of Gentian, (M. DUBOIS.) 
 
 Radicis Gentianae 3 i. is. 
 
 Carbonatis Potassaj .31. 
 
 Alcoholis dilutions }fe ii. 
 
 Digere per dies quindecim, et cola. 
 This preparation is very frequently given by M. 
 Dubois to scrofulous children, and in all cases of de- 
 bility. The dose is a tea-spoonful repeated two or 
 three times a-day. This, and 'the hop iflfusion, and 
 friction with the volatile camphorated liniment,chief- 
 ly compose his treatment of scrofula. 
 
 Succi Spissati Glycyrrhizse 3 ii- is. 
 
 Pulveris Spongise ustse . . . 3 i. 
 
 Carbonatis Sod 3 is. 
 
 Pulveris Canellae Albs 3 ii. 
 
 Mucilaginis Gummi Tragacanthse . . q. s. 
 This mass is formed into pills of ten grains, one 
 of which is given every evening. They are direct- 
 ed by M. Dubois in the case of goitre. 
 
 On the use of Sulphur in Scrofulous ^Affections. 
 
 Among the meanse mployed against scrofula, sul- 
 phur merits a particular rank, as its good effects are 
 evident, though it may perhaps be difficult to furnish 
 their explanation. The most convenient wa y of ad- 
 ministering it is in the form of electuary, consisting 
 of three parts of powdered sulphur to one of white 
 honey. Of this the dose may be a table-spoonful 
 daily, but to very young children, the half of this 
 quantity will be sufficient. We associate with ad- 
 vantage to this treatment the medicines termed an- 
 tiscorbutic, animal diet, and wine. We ought, how- 
 ever, when symptoms of irritation appear, to have 
 recourse to a mild regimen, and even to antiphlogis- 
 tic measures. The sulphureous baths form a use- 
 ful accessary. When it is necessary to solict eva-- 
 16* 
 
186 PARTICULAR REMEDIED. 
 
 cuatioris, the following powder will be found well 
 adapted to that purpose ; 
 
 Sulphuric Sublimati 3 i. 
 
 Supertartratis Potassae 3 i. 
 
 Sacchari purificati q. s. 
 
 (Note communicated by Profesor Guilbert.) 
 Treatment of Scrofulous Diseases. 
 
 " The treatment employed by M. Dupuytren in 
 scrofula differs much from the methods of treat- 
 ment generally followed, and is the result of obser- 
 vations, anatomical and physiological, on the na- 
 ture and progress of that disease. 
 
 " Whatever be its varieties or its seat, scrofula 
 exhibits three distinct periods in its march. In the 
 first, the disease is in some measure inert, manifest- 
 ing itself only through the characters proper to the 
 lymphatic constitution, and by an interruption, 
 more or less difficult to perceive, in the action of 
 the parts affected. In this first period, M. Dupuy- 
 tren employs all the means afforded by the hygiene 
 suited to fortify the constitution, and, by conse- 
 quence, effect the resolution of the disease. He is 
 careful, moreover, to avoid every thing that might 
 irritate, agitate, or heat, as elixirs, antiscorbutic 
 sirups, and other spiritous medicines, which he 
 believes are calculated to make the disease pass 
 from the inert into the inflammatory state. 
 
 " It is especially in the second state of the disease, 
 marked always by excitement, fever, local pains, 
 swelling, and sanguineous exhalations, that he se- 
 dulously shuns those stimulating remedies which, 
 from the abuse made of them for many years, have 
 produced more evil than the disease itself they were 
 professed to ameliorate. 
 
 " In this second period of the malady, M. Dupuy- 
 tren, without regard to its supposed nature, treat?* 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 187* 
 
 it as an inflammatory affection,* by bleeding-, 
 leeches, and diet, and by so doing has often arrest- 
 ed its progress, arid prevented its melancholy con- 
 sequences, such as caries of the bones, gibbosities, 
 spontaneous luxations, suppuration, and destruc- 
 tion of the organs. If suppuration be established, 
 and its products escape easily by an external out- 
 let, and if the disease have returned to that almost 
 inert state which constitutes its first period, he re*- 
 sumes the use of the means calculated to strength- 
 en the system, but is still careful to reject every 
 thing that would excite or have a tendency to 
 cause insomnia or fever. For the same reason, he 
 abstains, in the third period of the disease, from 
 the use of vinous, alcoholic, or alkaline preparations, 
 As a substitute for such, he prescribes only the 
 purely aqueous preparations of cinchona, gentian, 
 or simaronba ; persuaded that they contain all that 
 is really tonic in these substances, and are free from 
 the irritating properties, contained both in the base 
 and vehicle of the ordinary remedies. He thus 
 employs the aqueous infusions, and sirups of gen- 
 tian, cinchona, and simaronba, to which he gives 
 more or less strength, according to the age and sex 
 of the individual, or the seat and character of the 
 affection." (Note communicated by Professor Du- 
 puytren.) 
 
 *Por several years past, and before the publication of the physio- 
 logical doctrine, several practitioners, among whom were MM Fou- 
 quier and Jtidelot, professing the opinion held by M. Dupuytren, 
 adopted an antiphlogistic treatment m->re or less severe, in the in- 
 flammatory stage of scrofulous affections, and abstained, at least for 
 a time, from all stimulating medicine*. 
 
188 PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 
 
 Treatment of M. DUPUYTREN in Passive Dropsy 
 
 of the Celular Tissue. 
 Radicis Tritici Repentis. . 1 
 
 Fragarias > J"a 3 & 
 
 Rusci Aculeati . . . . j 
 
 Aquae fe ii. 
 
 Fiat decoctio, et adde, 
 
 Syrupi Foeniculi Comp 3 ii 
 
 Nitratis Potassse gr. xv. 
 
 For the drink of the patient. 
 
 Saponis Medicinalis 3 iii. 
 
 Pulveris Digitalis 3 i. 
 
 Submuriat. Hydrargyri 3 ii. 
 
 This mass is intended to form sixty-two pills, 
 one to be taken morning and evening. 
 
 Liniment. 
 
 Olei Anthemidis Nob 3 vi. 
 
 Tincture Settles ) . 
 
 Digitalis J a a 3 
 
 With this liniment frictions are made each even- 
 ing on the infiltrated parts. 
 
 Every fourth day the treatment is suspended, in 
 order to exhibit a purgative. 
 
 Ozcena. 
 
 The treatment of M. Dupuytren in this affec- 
 tion consists in making the patient inspire into 
 the nose every evening three grains of calomel, and 
 plugging then the nostrils until the following morn- 
 ing. 
 
 Specks of the Cornea. 
 
 " For some years patients have flocked to the 
 H6tel-Dieu, afflicted with specks of the cornea, as 
 they formerly resorted to Dessault, for the cure of 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 189 
 
 chronic and scrofulous ophthalmia. The treat- 
 ment pursued by M. Dupuytren is the follow- 
 ing: 
 
 "Detraction of blood from the arm, if there be 
 much irritation. 
 
 " Leeches to the temple, if the irritation be less 
 considerable. 
 
 " One or two mild purgatives at an interval of 
 two or three days. 
 
 " After this, a seton made of threads of cotton, 
 and of a cylindrical form, introduced at the poste- 
 rior part of the neck, and passing several inches 
 under the skin.* 
 
 Lastly, the insufflation of the subjoined pow- 
 der on the eye, repeated morning and evening, by 
 means of a quill, while the eyelids are kept sepa- 
 rated. 
 
 "Oxidi Zinci Imp. Prsep. } 
 
 Sacchari Candi Albi. . > ~ a partes SBquales. 
 fSubmuriatis Hydrargyri ) 
 
 " The eyes should neither be washed nor rubbed 
 after the insufflation. 
 
 " When there does not exist any disease of the 
 eyelids, nor inflammation of the conjunctiva, the in- 
 sufflation of the powder generally suffices to resolve 
 the specks. 
 
 " Those which are recent and slight, are com- 
 pletely dissipated in a few weeks by the insufflations. 
 The specks that have existed longer, that are thick 
 
 * M. Dupuytren prefers this kind of eeton to the flat mesh with 
 the fringed border, which he used formerly to employ, as it occasion* 
 less pain in the dressing, and yet sufficient irritation, by giving it aw 
 extent proportionate to the object we propose 
 
 t Calomelas rfnglais. This calomel is in a state of much finw 
 division than when prepared by sublimation. M. Dupuytren thinks 
 that the tenuity of it* particles peculiarly fits it to be introduced ia 
 frictions (a) 
 
 (ff) Submurias ftydrargyri prtBcipitatits. P/iar. jErf. Tr. 
 
190 PABTICTJLAB KEMEDIES. 
 
 er and broader, usually give way in a month or six 
 weeks, and specks that have occupied almost the 
 whole cornea, covering the pupil, and intercepting 
 entirely the passage of light into the eye, have been 
 frequently seen to disappear completely in the 
 course of a few months." (Note communicated by 
 Professor Dupuytren.) 
 
 Treatment of Goitre. (M. DUPUFTREN.) 
 To take every day, in a little white wine, and in 
 divided doses, thirty-six grains of the powder of 
 burnt sponge. 
 
 To apply round the neck, a bag filled with the 
 muriate of ammonia. 
 
 As often as possible to wash the tumour with a 
 fine sponge, moistened with the following liquor: 
 
 Acidi Acetici Tenuis jfe i. 
 
 Muriatis Ammoniae * 3 iv. 
 
 To follow the antiscrofulous regimen, already 
 detailed. 
 
 Powder used by M. DUPUYTREN in the Phagedenic 
 
 or Corroding Herpes. 
 
 " There is no physician who has not had occa- 
 sion to observe the phagedenic variety of herpes, 
 and to receive the sad proof of the inefficiency of 
 the remedies that have been alternately employed 
 against that cruel disease, according to its different 
 appearances, and the nature it has been supposed 
 to assume. We know that, in spite of all these 
 remedies, it no less corrodes and destroys the nose, 
 cheeks, lips, the eyelids, the ears, and the temples, 
 parts for which the malady affects a preference. 
 The cautery seems only to irritate it, as well as 
 the arsenical paste ; these agents having, besides, 
 the inconvenience of destroying the parts to which 
 f hey are applied? and increasing their deformity. 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 191 
 
 These facts have long since led M. Duypuytren to 
 seek for other remedies against the phagedenic her- 
 pes, and it appears certain to him, that the disease 
 may be cured by the use of the following powder : 
 
 Submuriatis Hydrargyri 199 
 
 Acidi Arsenosi 001 
 
 partes 200 
 
 " This remedy, which acts rather as a specific than 
 as a caustic, may be differently employed. If the 
 surface be ulcerated, moist, and clean, it may be 
 covered with a little of the powder. If it be cover- 
 ed by a crust, before sprinkling it with the powder, 
 the crust must be brought away by means of cata- 
 plasms. Finally, if an imperfect cicatrix has formed 
 over the ulcer, it will be necessary to destroy it, and 
 twenty-four hours afterwards to apply the powder 
 to the surface, which will then have ceased to bleed. 
 
 u Should it be feared that the powder does not 
 adhere sufficiently to the parts, and that it may be 
 rubbed off, it may be moistened with a little gum 
 water or incorporated with the unguent, rosat In 
 this case, it will be proper to increase the arsenious 
 acid about a hundredth part. 
 
 " In every case we should wait till the powder or 
 the pommade fall off of its own accord, which usu- 
 ally happens at the end of eight or ten days, and re- 
 new the applications till the cure be completed, 
 which it generally is in eight or ten weeks, or after 
 five or six applications. The proportions of the con- 
 stituent elements of the remedy may be increased 
 or diminished, according to the extent and severity 
 of the evil ; but it is important that neither of them 
 should be wholly excluded, as they both appear ne- 
 cessary to its action." (Note by Professor Dupuy- 
 fren.) 
 
192 PARTICULAR BEMEDIES. 
 
 TreUtment of the Nervous Delirium supervening in 
 
 Compound Fractures. (M. DUPUYTREN.) 
 To the delirium which supervenes in the case of 
 compound fractures, contusions, &c. we may op- 
 pose, with much success, the liquid laudanum of Sy- 
 denham, administered by enemata in the dose of 
 from ten grains to half a drachm, according to the 
 effects obtained from it. 
 
 Treatment of Syphilis employed in the Surgical 
 Wards at the Hbiel-Dieu. 
 
 " Syphilis often complicates surgical diseases, and 
 is itself the cause of a considerable number. Hence 
 results the necessity of combining, in the treatment 
 of these compound affections, the anti-syphilitic with 
 other surgical remedies*- It is in vain, in these cases, 
 our endeavour to treat separately the principal dis- 
 ease, and its venereal complication : in order to ef- 
 fect a cure, it is almost always necessary that we 
 treat them simultaneously. 
 
 " The choice of curative means is here of extreme 
 importance. The metallic mercury reduced to the 
 state of oxide by trituration with axunge, and ad- 
 ministered by friction on the extremities, cannot be 
 used without difficulty in the general hospitals, and 
 in the large wards, deprived commonly of the mild 
 temperature which disposes the skin to absorption. 
 It has the inconvenience, besides, to become rancid 
 on the surface of the skin, and consequently to dif- 
 fuse an odour, equally disagreeable to the patient 
 himself, and to those who are near him. Frictions 
 have also the objection of contaminating for long 
 the bed-clothes, and those of the patient. 
 
 "The sublimate, administered in a weak or con- 
 centrated solution, by the mouth, has other inconve- 
 niences. In a concentrated solution, it acts too se- 
 verely on the stomach, which it irritates and in- 
 flames, as it does also the lungs ; in a weak solu- 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 193 
 
 tion in the daily drink of the patient, it is almost al- 
 ways decomposed, is precipitated, and thus loses its 
 virtue; its administration, besides, necessarily left 
 to the discretion of the patients, is very often irre- 
 gular. 
 
 <k The venereal disease, which complicates sur- 
 gical affections, is generally of old standing, obsti- 
 nate, and constitutional, and is, moreover, very of- 
 ten characterized by nocturnal pains, &c. 
 
 "These considerations appear to have directed M. 
 Dupuytren in the choice of the means which he em- 
 ploys against these complicated affections. His 
 treatment combines the sudorific, mercurial, and ano- 
 dyne medicines, a combination the best adapted to 
 subdue the pains, and overcome the venereal virus. 
 He gives the sudorifics in the form of decoction and 
 sirup, and the sublimate combined with opium in the 
 form of a pill. The following is the course pre- 
 scribed : 
 
 " Let the patient take every day, between morn- 
 ing and evening as much as convenient of the 
 following decoction : 
 
 Smilacis Chinas > 
 
 Sarsaparillae V fi g fs. 
 
 Ligni Guaiaci ) 
 
 Aquse ftii. 
 
 Decoque ad uncias sexdecim. 
 
 " To the first glassful taken in the morning, and 
 the last at night, let there be added 3 ii. of the su- 
 dorific sirup. Morning, mid-day, and evening, 
 and at least one hour before meals, let the patient 
 take the following pill : 
 
 Extract! Guaiaci gr. ii. 
 
 r- Opii Aquosi gr. fs. 
 
 Deuto-chloridi Hydrarg gr. 1-6. 
 
 J7 
 
194 PARTICULAR REMEDIfc*. 
 
 " A moderate diet assists the efficacy of this treat-* 
 ment. 
 
 " In general, no local treatment is employed. 
 The local symptoms, on this account, become, in 
 some measure, an index of the efficacy of the in- 
 ternal remedies, and they disappear almost con- 
 stantly under their use alone. The venereaj 
 character of the wounds and ulcers disappears at 
 the end of some weeks ; the indurations, excres- 
 cences, and the ulcers themselves, at the end of a 
 month or six weeks ; and, lastly, also the exostoses. 
 
 " Venereal affections we are too generally led to 
 regard as radically cured, when the symptoms have 
 disappeared. M. Dupuytren is persuaded that the 
 disease is nothing but palliated in the majority of 
 cases, and he imputes to the treatment directed on 
 these principles, the spontaneous relapses that 
 syphilis so frequently presents in the hospitals. 
 In the treatment, therefore, of constitutional sy- 
 philis, he has adopted as a general rule, to continue 
 the employment of the curative measures after the 
 complete disappearance of all the symptoms, for a 
 period of time equal to that which has been neces- 
 sary to dissipate these symptoms. It is thus only 
 that the cause and the effects are equally removed, 
 and without the danger of return. (Note com- 
 municated by M. Dupuytren.) 
 
 Inflammation of the Retina. (Treatment of M. 
 
 DUPUYTREN.) 
 
 " The operation for cataract is always performed 
 at the Hotel-Dieu by the method of depression and 
 laceration. One of the consequences, the most 
 common and most serious of this method, which is 
 preferable, notwithstanding, to the method by ex- 
 traction, is the inflammation of the 'retina, called 
 inflammation of the iris or iritis, by those who are 
 struck more by apparent symptoms than by the 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 195 
 
 cause and real seat of the evil. This affection has 
 for its result, long and obstinate pains of the head 
 and eye, retraction of the pupil, cloudiness of the 
 aqueous and vitreous humours, redness of the con- 
 junctiva, continual flow of scalding tears, inability 
 to support the most feeble light, strong contraction 
 of the orbiculares muscles, the formation behind 
 the pupil of a fibrous pellicle, to which the iris usu- 
 ally becomes attached ; finally, blindness, which, 
 however, may be remedied at the end of some 
 months, by destroying or displacing the pellicle, 
 just spoken of, by means of the cataract needle. 
 
 " This inflammation attacks very often children 
 affected with scrofula, and offers the same symp- 
 toms as in the preceding cases, joined to an ex- 
 treme impatience of light. The child seeks the 
 most obscure places, and presses the eyelids, one 
 against the other, in such a manner as frequently 
 to cause the inferior to pass behind the superior 
 eyelid, and the cilia coming thus in contact with 
 the conjunctiva, adds still farther to the pain and 
 danger of the disease. 
 
 " In these cases, bleeding, leeches, and deriva- 
 tives, such as setons and purgatives, are, without 
 doubt, indicated, and useful ; but experience has 
 too often shown their insufficiency, and has led M. 
 Dupuytren to try other means of relief. That 
 which has succeeded best with him, for ten years 
 past, is the internal use of the powder and extract 
 ofAtropa Belladonna ; the powder to the extent of 
 three, eight, or twelve grains, the extract to that 
 of three or more, and given in divided doses every 
 two hours. 
 
 " To obviate the narcotisme, whether local or 
 general, which this medicine may produce, M. 
 Dupuytren is accustomed to accompany its use 
 with that of the artificial water of Seltz. 
 
 '"'- It is unnecessary to say, that the use of anti- 
 
196 PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 
 
 scorbutic and antiscrofulous remedies have only 
 a tendency in children to increase the inflamma- 
 tioH." - (JVbte by J\l. Dupuytren.) 
 
 Antipsoric Water. (M. RANOJUE.) 
 
 StaphisagrisB* g fs. 
 
 Aquae fe ii. 
 
 Decoque, et adde, 
 Extracti Papaveris 3 ii. 
 
 The parts covered with pustules are rubbed 
 twice a-day, with about a wine-glassful of this 
 lotion. It is used cold, and twelve lotions are 
 sufficient for the treatment of a recent affection. 
 
 Camphorated Ether Water. 
 Camphorse 5 is. 
 
 Athens Sulphurici 3 i. Is. " 
 
 Put them into a crystal flask, and agitate. 
 Into another crystal vessel, capable of containing 
 two pounds and a half, put 
 
 Aqusp distillatae g xxviii. 
 
 Add the camphorated ether, and close immediate- 
 ly the bottle with a cork pierced by a g;lass tube, 
 a line in diameter, arid rising about an inch and a 
 fifth above the neck of the bottle. Close very ex- 
 actly this extremity with a small cylinder of cork, 
 and carefully lute the neck of the bottle [with its 
 cork. Shake the liquor three or four times, with- 
 in the period of two hours. 
 
 When the medicine is required for use, the cork 
 is withdrawn from the tube. 
 
 It is antispasmodic, and is of service, according 
 to M. Chaussier, in adynamic affections, in eclamp- 
 sia, &c. 
 
 * Delphinium Staphisagria Stavesacre. The seeds art'acrii, antl 
 are u*ed in Italy to destroy vermin. When taken internally, they 
 operate ag a. violent cathartic. TV. 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 197 
 
 M. Fouquier sometimes employs it in fever. It 
 is given in tea-spoonfuls, either alone, or mixed with 
 a little sirup. 
 
 Treatment of Chronic Obstruction of the Uterus. 
 (Professor GUILBERT.) 
 
 This treatment consists in the application of leech- 
 es immediately to the neck of the uterus, which is 
 effected by means of a speculum uteri, made of glass, 
 and constructed by M. Guilbert. Six leeches, thus 
 applied, produce more relief than double or triple the 
 number placed on the external parts. The punc- 
 ture they make is much less painful than might be 
 imagined, and the blood flows from it longer, and 
 more abundantly, than from that made by those ani- 
 mals in the skin, or mucous membrane. This is 
 a circumstance to which regard should be paid, as 
 to the number of leeches, and the attention required 
 after they drop off. 
 
 M. Guilbert, by this method, has obtained un- 
 hoped for success in women suffering from chronic 
 obstructions of the uterus, and he thinks that it 
 would not be less useful in acute inflammations of 
 that organ, and in cases where it is proper to solicit 
 a flow of the fluids towards the uterus, as in amenor- 
 rhoea, &c. In 1818, M. Guilbert communicated to 
 the Society of the School of Medicine the first re- 
 sults of his practice. Since that time, he has ac- 
 quired many additional facts, which he has made 
 known in a memoir published on this subject. 
 
 Tincture of Anise and Ipecacuan (M. ALIBERT.) 
 
 Pulveris Ipecacuanhas 3 i. 
 
 Spiritus Anisi g ii. 
 
 The ipecacuan is digested in the spirit of anise, 
 and a little sugar, or sirup of capillaire, is after- 
 wards added. The dose is from one to two ounce?. 
 It is convenient as an emetic to children. 
 17* 
 
198 PARTICULAR REMEDIES* 
 
 Fowler's Solution , (St. Louis.) 
 
 Pulv. Protoxidi Arsenici ---- > , - , 
 
 ---- > 
 Proto-carbonatis Potassae . . . \ a a 
 
 Aquie distillatsB .................. ffe fs. 
 
 Digest in a sand bath till the oxide be dissolved. 
 When cold, add half an ounce of the spirit of la- 
 vender, and as much'water as to make an exact 
 pound. 
 
 Fowler's solution is one of the most powerful pre- 
 parations, and in imprudent hands, one of the most 
 dangerous : but when judiciously employed, the 
 most useful results may be obtained from it in the 
 treatment of cutaneous diseases. We have seen in- 
 veterate herpetic affections, that had resisted other 
 remedies for several years, yield to the arsenical so- 
 lution. The dose of this solution should never ex- 
 ceed twenty drops a-day : some have wished to ex- 
 tend it as far as sixty ; but, besides that very few 
 patients can bear that quantity, we find it often pro- 
 ducing inflammation of the stomach and bowels, and 
 an obvious irritation of the thoracic viscera. B)~ 
 moderate doses, on the contrary, we escape these 
 evils. The use of Fowler's solution, like that of all 
 other active remedies in general, ought to be sus- 
 pended from time to time. It has 'been employed in 
 France by several practitioners in intermittent fevers, 
 &c. with very different results. I am the first, I 
 believe, to have introduced it, at least in the Hospi- 
 tal of Saint Louis, in the treatment of diseases of 
 the skin. (JVbte by M. Biett.) 
 
 Pearson's Solution, (St. Louis.) 
 
 Arseniatis Sodse ............. gr. iv. 
 
 Aquffi distillate .............. 3 iv. 
 
 Solve arseniatem potassae in aqua distillata. ef, in 
 vase vitreo bene obturate, servetur. 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 19& 
 
 This solution, employed in several of the London 
 hospitals, and in France by Professor Fodere, in the 
 treatment of intermittent fever, was introduced in- 
 to the Hospital of Saint Louis at my return from 
 England, in 1817. I prefer it to Fowler's solution, 
 in the squamous variety of herpes, and in the pru- 
 rigo formicans. It is much more easy to manage 
 than the last, and its action is also less marked. It 
 may be given in the dose of a scruple a-day, and 
 increased to half a drachm, which will amount to 
 t^e sixteenth of a grain. This quantity can be di- 
 vided into two doses for individuals who are weak. 
 by M. Bieit.) 
 
 Solution of the Arseniate of Ammonia, (St. Louis.) 
 
 Arseniatis Ammoniae ........ gr. viii. 
 
 Aquae distillate . ............ Jfe fs. 
 
 Solve in aqua, et liquori adde, 
 
 Spiritus Angelicas . . .......... 3 fs. 
 
 As far as I have been able to assure myself by 
 inquiry, the arseniate of ammonia had not been 
 employed when I made some experiments of it at 
 the Hospital of Saint Louis, in 1818. Since then, 
 it has been introduced into Germany by Dr. Mi- 
 ehaelis, and by some other gentlemen who attend- 
 ed my clinical experiments. This salt, which I 
 have administered to more than sixty individuals, 
 appears to me to approach nearly the arseniate 
 of soda. It is very efficacious in some varieties of 
 herpes, not accompanied with much inflammation. 
 Like all other arsenical preparations, this solution 
 should be administered with caution. In suspend- 
 ing its use, we should not wait till all the symp- 
 toms of gastric irritation are manifested ; it is suf- 
 ficient, if there be thirst and slight nausea, to dis- 
 continue the medicine, which ought not to be again 
 exhibited till every trace of irritation has disap- 
 cared. (JVbte by M, Biett.} 
 
UOO PARTICULAR REMEDIES* 
 
 On the Employment of Tartar Emetic in large 
 Doses, in different Affections. 
 
 When the first edition of this work appeared, 
 this mode of using the tartrate of antimony was 
 scarcely introduced into France. Since that time, 
 it has been practised by many with extraordinary 
 success ; and we cannot, perhaps, afford the reader 
 a more exact idea of the practice, than by present- 
 ing him with the notes communicated to us by 
 Professor Laennec. 
 
 Tartratis Antimonii gr. vi. 
 
 Infusi Florum Aurantii Jfe i. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis 3 ii. 
 
 A sixth part of this (half a glassful) is to be given 
 every tv/o hours, during the day omy. If the pa- 
 tient bear the medicine well, and if the malady be se- 
 vere, the dose is increased three grains every day, 
 and continued, without interruption, during the 
 night. 
 
 This method is applicable to the treatment of a 
 great number of inflammatory diseases, or of acute 
 serous effusions. M. Laennec does not regard it, 
 with Rasori, as a contra-stimulant or debilitant, 
 suitable in all cases where there is hypersthenia, 
 excess of forces, or stimulus ; still less as an anti- 
 phlogistic, applicable in all inflammations. Expe- 
 rience has proved to him that it has no efficacy, or 
 cannot be supported, in some of these cases, though 
 it is admissible in the majority, and also that it is 
 useful in several cases of a different nature. 
 
 The only immediate and constant effect he has 
 observed, is the rapid absorption of the serous or 
 purulent effusions, and the resolution of the in- 
 flammation. It does not, in general, occasion any 
 evacuation. These effects are never surer than 
 when the patients have neither vomiting nor al- 
 vine dejections, though they sometimes are not in- 
 
PARTICULAR REMHDIES. 201 
 
 terrupted, even when the evacuations are abun- 
 dant. It is somewhat marvellous, that we can 
 check these evacuations by increasing the dose of 
 the tartrate, which, however, may be better accom- 
 plished by combining it with opium. Cinchona 
 does not neutralize its action. 
 
 The diseases in which the success of this remedy 
 appears most striking are acute rheumatism, in 
 which, without any recourse to blood-letting, we 
 obtain a cure as rapid as it is certain. The medium 
 duration of the treatment is from two to eight days. 
 
 Peripneumony. Two or three bleedings are di- 
 rected at the commencement. The tartras anti- 
 monii is then administered, which often, in twen- 
 ty-four hours, arrests in a sensible manner the pro- 
 gress of the disease, of which it is easy to be con- 
 Tkiced by the application of the cylinder. The 
 same result is observed in acute catarrh, and acute 
 oedema of the lungs. 
 
 Pleuritu. As in the preceding affection, it is 
 necessary to premise general or local blood-letting. 
 The tartar emetic has also beneficial effects when 
 given at the commencement of the disease, produc- 
 ing rapidly the absorption of the effused fluid. 
 When the fever is already reduced, this absorption 
 is less rapid, although the medicine may be sup- 
 ported well, and for a long time. 
 
 Redness of the tongue, sensibility of the epigas- 
 trium, and other signs of inflammation of the sto- 
 mach, do not deter M. Laennec from its use, in the 
 case of severe rheumatism, or peripneumonia. Un- 
 der the influence of this treatment, the tongue be- 
 comes pale, the pain of the epigastrium subsides, 
 and, in a word, all the symptoms of irritation com- 
 pletely disappear. 
 
 Hydrocephalus has several times yielded to the 
 same treatment so quickly, that the progress to- 
 
 wardsrecovery ha,s been evident in not many 
 
202 PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 
 
 hours. Cures have been effected in three days; 
 but results so advantageous, it must be confessed, 
 are rare, especially when the disease has assumed 
 the chronic form. 
 
 in Apoplexy, we commence usually with a lar- 
 ger dose Some patients support it to the extent of 
 a drachm a day ; the majority to the extent of 
 twenty-four grains, and that continued for a month. 
 There have been, however, few examples of speedy 
 and complete recovery. 
 
 M. Laennec does not agree with Rasori, in rank- 
 ing the kermes and golden sulphur of antimony as 
 equivalents to the tartar emetic. They have been 
 given, in some instances, to the extent of thirty 
 grains, but without producing any marked effects. 
 
 When thetartrate of antimony cannot be adminis- 
 tered in pneumonia and rheumatism, which is 
 rare, M. Laennec prefers the white oxide of anti- 
 mony, (diaphoretic antimony.) He commences 
 with thirty-six or forty-eight grains, increasing it 
 in three or four days to a drachm and a half He 
 has never found it to act as an emetic, though 
 slightly, sometimes, as a purgative. (Note com- 
 municated by Jfef, Laennec.) 
 
 Of the above practice numerous trials have been 
 more recently made by physicians of different 
 hospitals. Some speak of it with enthusiasm, but 
 the majority look upon the large doses of the tar- 
 trate of antimony as more than doubtful in their 
 results. They agree generally on this point, viz., 
 that the cases where it appeared to have a salutary 
 effect, were those in which it had determined free 
 evacuations. In those where it had not this action 
 the disease has been very seldom seen to ma.ke any 
 sensible progress towards a cure.* 
 
 * For farther details, the reader may consult M. Ratier's " Coup 
 d'&il iiir lescliniques medicales." (I vol. oct. Bailliere.) TV. 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES'. 203 
 
 Treatment of Colica Pictonum, (called Traitement 
 des Peres de la Charite,) 
 
 The first day the following purgative enema is 
 given : 
 
 Fol. Sennas g fs. 
 
 Aquae fe i. 
 
 Decoque, et liquori colati, adde, 
 
 Sulphatis Sodae g fs. 
 
 *Vini Tartrat. Antimon g iv. 
 
 During the day, the patient takes as a drink. 
 
 Aquas Lauri Cassiae ft, ii. 
 
 Sulphatis Magnesia? g i. 
 
 Tartratis Antimonii gr. lij 
 
 To. which is sometimes added, 
 
 Syrupi Rhamni g i. 
 
 At five o'clock in the afternoon, the following ano- 
 dyne enema is administered : 
 
 Olei Amygdali Communis g vi. 
 
 Vini Rubri g xii. 
 
 ( And at eight, the following bolus : 
 
 Theriacge . . . 31. 
 
 Opii ' gr. i. 
 
 The second day are given, in two doses, as an 
 emetic, six grains of the tartrate of antimony, dissol- 
 ved in an ounce of tepid water. When the vomiting 
 has ceased, the patient takes, for the rest of the day, 
 the sudorific tisane. 
 
 Ligni Guaiaci 
 
 Smilacis Chinse 
 
 Sarsaparillre .... 
 
 Aquae fe ii. 
 
 - >^3i- 
 
 *Vini Albi Opt. . Ib.ih 
 
 Tartrat. Antimon. et, Potass. . . 3 fs- 
 
204 PARTICULAR REMEDIES, 
 
 Decoque ad dimidiate, et adde, 
 
 Sassafras J i. 
 
 Glycyrrhizse 3 fs. 
 
 Decoque iter'um, et coJa. 
 
 In the evening, the anodyne enema and opiate bo- 
 lus are administered. 
 The third day is prescribed, 
 
 Decocti Diaphoratici Simp ffe ii. 
 
 Senna? 31. 
 
 Decoque, et cola. 
 
 At four o'clock, P. M., the purgative enema. At 
 six, the anodyne enema. At eight, the opiate bolus. 
 
 The fourth day, the following purgative 'mixture 
 is ordered : 
 
 Infusi Sennae 3 vi. 
 
 Sulphatis Sodae 3 fs. 
 
 Pulveris Jalaptse , 3 i. 
 
 Syrupi Rhamni . . . 3 i. 
 
 During the day, the sudorific tisane. In the even- 
 ing, the anodyne enema and opiate bolus. 
 
 The fifth, the sudorific decoction, with the senna, 
 and, in the evening, the anodyne enema and opiate 
 bolus. Such is the treatment, which, notwithstand- 
 ing some singularities, has been so successful, that 
 several practitioners still scrupulously adhere to it. 
 It is followed by M. Lerminier, at the Hospital of 
 La Charite, where most of the uatients affected \vitli 
 colica pictonum come to seek relief. With some 
 modifications, it is also adopted by M. Fouquier, 
 who, considering the chief indication to be the free 
 evacuation of the bowels, omits, in his treatment, the 
 anodyne enema and opiate bolus. He regards the 
 means which overcome the constipation, as the only 
 remedy for the severe pain which the patients expe- 
 rience. This simple theory has been also adopted 
 
PABTICULAR REMEDIES. 205 
 
 by M. Kapeler, of the Hospital of St Antoine, who, 
 instead of narcotics, has recourse, in the first in- 
 stance., to purgatives and emetics. 
 
 Treat.ment of Cotica Picftmum. (M. HA* ftUE.) 
 This method of treatment, which has been adopt- 
 ed in some hospitals, and favourably reported, con- 
 sists of external applications to the abdomen and 
 loins, of frictions OD the parts affected with pain, of 
 enematau and antispasmodic mixtures. 
 
 Emplast. Lvtharg. Comp. 2 - - 
 
 C'onii Mfcxulat . {**-* 
 
 Theriacae 3 fs. 
 
 Camphors 3 i, 
 
 Sulphuris Sublimati 3 is. 
 
 These ingredients are amalgamated by the heat 
 of a gentle fire, and the mass spread on a piece of 
 leather or linen, sufficient to cov 7 er the whole abdo- 
 men. Before it is applied it is warmed, and its sur- 
 face covered with the following mixture : 
 
 Tartratis Aaiimcnii 3 i. fs~ 
 
 Pulv. Camp here 3 i. 
 
 Shuphoria Sobiirnati 3 fe. 
 
 Over the lumbar vertebrsp, the same plaster is ap- 
 pliad, with two drachms of powdered camphor 
 prinkled on its surface. 
 
 Aq\iEp distillat. Laurocerasi 5 ii. 
 
 ^Etheris Sulphurici 3 L 
 
 Extract! Belladonna? ... 9 ii, 
 
 A table-spoonful of this liniment is used for a fric- 
 tion. 
 
 Tinct JStherea? Belladonna*, .gr xx. 
 
 O). < Amygdal. Com 3 iv. 
 
 Decocti Lini .... T. g \iii. 
 
 Pro enemata. 
 
 Tbe ether, digested torn* time en the powder of bellaoonna, 
 IS 
 
206 PARTICULAR REMEDIES* 
 
 Antispasmodic Mixture. 
 
 Aquae Tiliae g ii. 
 
 Tinct. ^Etherese Belladonna . . gtt. xx. 
 Syrupi Amygdalarum g fs. 
 
 When tlie abdomen is very sensible to the touch., 
 a half bath is first directed, after which the plaster 
 is applied to the abdomen and lumbar region. The 
 frictions, with the liniment, are used three times a- 
 day to the forehead, temples, neck, and extremities. 
 The enema is administered once or twice a-day, ac- 
 cording to the intensity of the pain, or the degree 
 of constipation. Of the antispasmodic mixture a 
 spoonful is given in the violent paroxysms of pain. 
 The patient is restricted to a low diet, and as a drink 
 makes use of gum or barley water. 
 
 On the third day, if there be no longer any colic, 
 the plaster is removed, and its place supplied by 
 flannels wrung out of warm emollient decoction. 
 Some light nourishment is then also allowed. On 
 the fourth day, the enemata and frictions are admi- 
 nistered, if the constipation and pains of the limbs 
 still continue. If there has been little abatement of 
 the pains, which is rarely the case, it becomes ne- 
 cessary to apply the scarificator and cupping glass 
 to the abdomen, and replace the plaster, with an ad- 
 ditional quantity of the tartar emetic. To assist the 
 return of the appetite, an aromatic infusion with 
 milk is sometimes allowed. 
 
 If the pain of the knees, soles of the feet, &c. re- 
 main after the abdominal pain is subdued, instead of 
 the liniment, the plaster, with the tartrate of anti- 
 mony, is applied to the parts where the pain may be 
 seated. 
 
 extracts from that plant a portion of. its narcotic property. The fol- 
 lowing is the formula for its preparation : 
 
 Pulv Fel. Belladonna? ...;. i. 
 
 Athens Sulphurici (66) %ijj. 
 
 Macerate for three days. 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 207 
 
 On the Employment of the Oleum Terbinthince in the 
 Treatment of Neuralgia. (M. RECAMIEJI.) 
 
 The oil of turpentine appears in these affections 
 to have a specific action, of which it is not easy to 
 give a satisfactory explanation. Its immediate ef- 
 lect is to produce in the organs of digestion, and 
 long the course of the affected nerve, a considerable 
 degree of heat, which is soon after followed by a 
 cessation of pain. Its efficacy is more apparent the 
 more acute the form under which the malady is pre- 
 sented. During the use of the remedy, symptoms 
 of gastrointestinal irritation sometimes arise ; they 
 are generally slight, and, in the majority of cases, 
 do not occur at all. 
 
 The turpentine is usually given combined with 
 the honey of roses, in the following proportions : 
 
 Olei Terebinthinas 3 ii. 
 
 Mellis Rosarum 3 iv. 
 
 Three spoonfuls of this mixture are taken daily, 
 
 Such is the common formula ; but often, on ac- 
 count of its unpleasant taste, it cannot be taken by 
 the patient, or is rejected by the stomach; in this 
 ^ase, the following preparations are substituted: 
 
 Vitellum unius Ovi 
 
 Olei Terebinthinse 3 iii. 
 
 Syrupi Menthae 3 ii. 
 
 Plorum Aurantii 3 i. 
 
 Athens Sulphurici 3 i. 
 
 Tinct. Canellse Albse 3 fs. 
 
 The dose is three spoonfuls a-day. 
 To this mixture a drachm of laudanum is some- 
 times added, to prevent vomiting. 
 
 Olei Terebintlrinae 3 ii. 
 
 Pulv. Gummi Arabici 3 i. fs. 
 
 Sacchari purificati g fs, 
 
 Syrupi Florum Aurant. , , .3 u 
 
208 PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 
 
 The third of this mixture is taken daily, in threet 
 portions. 
 
 When by these preparations we do not succeed in 
 enabling the patient to continue the internal admi- 
 nistration of the turpentine, it is then employed in 
 frictions, combined with the liquid laudanum of Sy- 
 denham. 
 
 Turpentine Liniment. 
 
 Olei Anthemidis Nob 3 ii. 
 
 Terebinthinae 3 i. 
 
 Vini Opii Comp 3 i. 
 
 In the case of neuralgia of the lumbar nerves, the 
 turpentine may be employed with advantage in ene- 
 ma. 
 
 Turpentine Enema. 
 
 Olei Terebinthinse g i- 
 
 Vitellum unius ovi 
 
 Decocti Papaveris fe fs. 
 
 (Extract from the Memoir of Dr. Martinet.) 
 Opiated Aniimonial Mixture. (Dr. PEYSSON.} 
 
 Aquae Fontanae 3 viii. 
 
 Tartratis Antimonii .... gr. i. 
 
 Syrupi Papaveris Som 3 * 
 
 Gummi Tragacanthse 9 i. 
 
 Aqua? Florum Aurant 3 ii. 
 
 The sirup of poppies may be replaced by a grain 
 of the aqueous extract of opium, or eighteen drops 
 of laudanum. 
 
 This mixture is employed with much success in 
 the treatment of intermittent fevers, which it 'has 
 not unfrequently overcome, after the cinchona had 
 failed. 
 
 It is administered during the paroxysms, one 
 spoonful being taken the first hour, two the second, 
 three the third, &c., and suspending it for two hours 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 
 
 alter the patient's repast ; or, instead of increasing' 
 the number of spoonfuls, they may be given moro 
 frequently, as one every half hour. The remedy 
 should not act in a very perceptible manner. If the 
 patient be harassed with nausea, vomiting, or diar- 
 rhoea, the doses ought to be diminished. 
 
 (Extract from the Memoir of M. Peysson.) 
 
 PillsofNuz Fb?mca,(LaCharite. M. FOUQUIER.) 
 
 Extracti Alcoholici Nucis Vomicse*. .3 i. 
 
 Divide in pilulas triginta sex. 
 
 The nux vomica, the physiological properties of 
 which had been established by MM. Magendie and 
 Delille, has been specially applied by M. Fouquier 
 to the treatment of paralysis. He employs it gene- 
 rally in the case where that disease appears inde- 
 pendent of any local affection of the brain or spinal 
 marrow. He gives it in the form of pill, consisting 
 of two grains each. The dose is two pills daily 
 from the commencement, and gradually increased 
 to ten or twelve, a number very rarely exceeded. 
 
 The constant effect of this substance is to pro- 
 duce, first in the paralysed parts, and afterwards in 
 the rest of the body, a succession of shocks, or con- 
 tractions, similar to those occasioned by galvanism. 
 They continue for a longer or shorter period after 
 each dose, an-d are then succeeded by a state of 
 quietude. 
 
 * There are several processes for preparing this extract. The 
 following, inserted iu the Codex J\[tdicamcntarius t has appeared to 
 M. Fouquier to merit the preference: 
 
 Seminum Nucis Vomica? .... 12. 
 
 Alcoholis (32) q. s. 
 
 Digest the nuts in the alcohol, which is to be renewed until it receive 
 neither colour nor odour. Mix the different tinctures, and filter 
 through paper. Distil and reduce to a fifth, which is to be evapora- 
 ted, by the heat of a water baih, to a consistence necessary for form- 
 ing ptlls. The extract thus obtained equals a twelfth of the nuts env 
 pJoyed. For this extract, M. Magendie recommends alcohol at 40?. 
 18* 
 
210 PARTICULAR REMEDIED 
 
 The nux vomica has been employed in several 
 of the hospitals, but in a manner which seems to 
 account for the failure of its effect. It has been 
 administered in one dose, so that the patients have 
 received a violent shock, and only one each day. 
 M. Fouquier, on the other hand, thinks that the 
 doses should be divided, in order that the action of 
 the medicine may be several times repeated in the 
 twenty-four hours, and be limited chiefly to the parts 
 affected. 
 
 Along with this substance, he directs the use of 
 laxatives to obviate constipation, and he observes 
 carefully the state of the brain, in order to suspend 
 the use of the remedy whenever any symptoms of 
 congestion appear. 
 
 On the Employment of Strychnine. 
 
 Strychnine, an alkaline vegetable substance, dis- 
 covered by MM. Pelletier and Caventou in the nux 
 vomiea and St. Ignatius's bean, proves to be the 
 active principle of these plants. In the hospitals, 
 it has been tried by several individuals against pa- 
 ralysis. I have had occasion to see it administered 
 to a young man affected with paralysis, in pills con- 
 taining each a quarter of a grain. In the dose of* 
 grain and a half, it occasioned, but in a more con- 
 siderable degree, the phenomena proper to the nyx 
 vomica, viz. a general tetanic rigidity, with twitch* 
 ings, which supervened every two or three minutes. 
 These effects, which at first had alarmed the patient 
 and assistants, terminated gradually in about three 
 or four hours, and without any troublesome conse- 
 quence. M. Magendie recommends the following- 
 preparations : 
 
 Pills of Strychnine. 
 
 Strychnia purse gr. ii. 
 
 Conserves Rosas 3 fs. 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 211 
 
 ubige in massam,in pilulas viginti quatuor eequa- 
 les. dividendam. 
 
 Tincture of Strychnine , 
 
 Strychnia? gr. iij. 
 
 Alcoholis (360) 3 i. 
 
 Prom six to twenty drops of this tincture is given 
 in mixtures, or simple drinks. 
 
 Aqua? distillates g ii. 
 
 Strychnia? gr. i. 
 
 Sacchari Albi 3 ii. 
 
 On the Employment of Brucine, 
 This substance, discovered by Pelletier and Ca- 
 ventou, in the bark of the false angustura, (brucea 
 dysenterica,) is analogous in its action to strychnine, 
 but is much less energetic. It has been employed 
 in various hospitals, more especially at La Charite. 
 From the experiments of M. Andral, junior, it 
 would seem that six grains of brucine are equiva- 
 lent to one grain of the impure, or to a quarter of a 
 grain of the pure strychnine. 
 
 It forms salts with the sulphuric, phosphoric, and 
 hydro- chloric acids, and may be employed in the 
 same cases to which strychnine is applicable. Gfcod 
 effects have been obtained from it in paralysis. 
 
 Salts of Morphine. 
 
 Of these preparations, the acetate and the sul- 
 phate of morphine have hitherto obtained the pre- 
 ference. Their proportion, in respect to the extract 
 of opium, is a quarter of a grain for a grain. M. 
 Magendie recommends the sirups of these salts, 
 four grains of the salt to a pound of sirup. He 
 gives the following preparation as a fit substitute 
 for the tincture of opium, &c. 
 
 Acetatis Morphiae gr. xvi. 
 
 Aquae distillate ,. g i. 
 
 Alcoholis 3 i. 
 
 Acidi Acetici gU. iv 
 
2lX PARTICULAR 
 
 The do.v-r ofthpse drops is from six to twenty-lour 
 in a day. 
 
 Ertetine. 
 
 This principle, extracted from dilTerent species of 
 ipecacuanha, presents a great advantage in practice, 
 inasmuch as we are always sure of the quantity ot 
 active substance we administer. It is now, there- 
 fore, generally used instead of the ipecacuan. 
 
 Two species of emetine have been distinguished, 
 the one coloured, the other pure. The latter is the 
 more active, and is more employed. One grain ie 
 sufficient to excite vomiting. 
 
 Its action is to that of the coloured emetine as 
 four to one. In prescribing emetine, it should be 
 recollected that it is little soluble in water, and when 
 we wish to give it in an aqueous vehicle, it should, 
 therefore, be previously dissolved in a little acetic or 
 sulphuric acid. 
 
 Emetine is administered under the form of sirup 
 and of pastilles. M. Magendie has proposed emetic 
 pastilles as a convenient form for children, who can- 
 not be made, without difficulty, to swallow liquids. 
 
 Sacchari 3 " 
 
 Emetina Color at?s gr. xxxii. 
 
 From this are made pastilles of eighteen grains, 
 one of which suffices for children, and three or four 
 for adults. 
 
 Pectoral Pastilles of Emetine. 
 
 Sacchari 3 1V .- 
 
 Ematinse Colorat gr. xxxii. 
 
 For pastilles of nine grains. One is given every 
 hour. If more frequently, nausea will be excited. 
 Sirup of Emetine. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis ft ] 
 
 Emetinse Coloratae gr- xvi. 
 
 (Formulary of M. 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 
 
 Preparations of Quinine. 
 
 Without entering into any detail of the various 
 preparations of cinchona, made with a view to render 
 it at once more powerful, and more easily supporta- 
 ble, it may be remarked, that unpleasant effects had 
 been often observed from that substance, adminis- 
 tered in the form of powder, and that many for a 
 long time had preferred the aqueous or vinous infu- 
 sions, the decoctions and extracts, as less fatiguing 
 to the stomach. 
 
 More recently, a peculiar substance, discovered 
 in the cinchona, came to fix the attention of physi- 
 cians, and the beneficial results that have been 
 obtained from its use have caused it to be very 
 eagerly adopted. Quinine, cinchonine, and the salts 
 formed by the combination of some acids with these 
 bases, have been substituted, in the majority of 
 cases, for the preparations of cinchona hitherto in 
 use. 
 
 The sulphate of quinine, employed first at the 
 Hospital of La Charite by M. Chomel, is now com- 
 mon both in hospital and in general practice. The 
 dose of this salt, which is administered in pills, or 
 better, dissolved in some aqueous vehicle, is from 
 six to twenty-four grains, during the apyrexia. 
 When given in draught or mixture, one or two 
 drops of sulphuric acid should be added, to render it 
 completely soluble. To prevent the return of the 
 fever, after its suspension, the medicine should be 
 continued for several days, at the usual hours of the 
 paroxysm. 
 
 M. Magendie is of opinion, that there are few 
 cases where it is necessary to give more than ten 
 grains in twenty-four hours, and he has seen the 
 cure of fevers effected by three or four grains. 
 M. Menard thinks that six grains are, in general, 
 sufficient. 
 
214 PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 
 
 With the sulphate of quinine a sirup is prepared, 
 after the formula of M. Magendie. 
 
 Sirup of Quinine. 
 
 Syrupi Simplicis $5 ij. 
 
 Sulphatis Quinise gr. Ixiv. 
 
 Substituted with success in all the cases where 
 the sirup of cinchona is usually prescribed, and 
 especially in the scrofulous affections of children. 
 It is given by spoonfuls, like the sirup of cinchona. 
 
 The sulphate of cinchonine has been equally 
 tried by M. Chomel, to whom it offered analogous 
 results. The doses are the same, and it is adminis- 
 tered in the same manner. Being scarcer than the 
 sulphate of quinine, the latter has the preference in 
 practice. 
 
 The sulphate of quinine is often adulterated with 
 the sulphate of lime. To detect this fraud, it is 
 sufficient often to taste the salt. When pure, the 
 bitter and astringent taste is immediately perceived. 
 The adulteration, however, can be more easily dis- 
 covered by dissolving the salt in alcohol ; the sul- 
 phate of lime, not being soluble in that menstruum, 
 is precipitated. 
 
 With the sulphate of quinine are prepared a wine 
 and alcoholic tincture, which stand as perfect sub- 
 stitutes for those made with the Peruvian bark, 
 
 Wine of Quinine. 
 
 Vini albi Madeirensis |fe ij. 
 
 Sulphatis Quinias gr. xii. 
 
 Febrifuge, and powerfully tonic. 
 
 Tincture of Quinine. 
 
 Sulphatis Quinise 9 iv. 
 
 Alcoholis(34) fe i. 
 
 Two mmrns of this tincture is used to a pint of 
 
PARTICULAR KE3IEDIHS. 215 
 
 wine, to prepare extemporaneously the vinum 
 quinisB. It may be added to tonic draughts, in the 
 dose of half an ounce or more. 
 
 Cinchonine and its preparations are regarded as 
 tonic and febrifuge, though the second of these 
 properties is not sufficiently established. M. Ma- 
 gendie thinks that farther experiments are neces- 
 sary to ascertain precisely the virtue of this sub- 
 stance, found associated with quinine in almost all 
 the cinchonas, and alone in the bark of Carthagena. 
 Cinchonine may be employed in its simple state, or 
 in the form of sulphate. Its pharmaceutical prepa- 
 rations are a sirup, a wine, and a tincture, the same 
 as those of quinine. 
 
 Gentianin. 
 
 This alkaline substance, extracted from the root 
 of gentian, appears to constitute its active part. 
 It is little soluble in cold water, but dissolves in 
 boiling water. The following tincture is prepared 
 from it : 
 
 Alcoholis (24) 3 i. 
 
 Gentianina3 gr. v. 
 
 Lupuline. . 
 
 Analogous to the preceding substance is lupuline, 
 the active principle of the hop, and which may be 
 employed in all cases which claim the use of this 
 vegetable. It may be administered in powder, or 
 in pills, or in the form of tincture or sirup. M. 
 Magendie has not recognised in lupuline the narco- 
 tic property announced by Mr. Yves of New- York. 
 
 Distilled Water of Cherry Laurel. 
 ^ This medicinal water has been extolled as power- 
 fully antispasmodic. Several individuals, and es- 
 pecially M. Fouquier, have tried it in different 
 cases of nervous affections, characterized by spasms 
 
216 PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 
 
 returning at intervals, and in some of these the use 
 of the remedy appeared to delay the paroxysms. 
 The water was at first given in the dose of a few 
 drachms diluted with four ounces of some fluid ; 
 but, after various trials, was at last given pure, and 
 to the extent of four, eight, twelve, or even six- 
 teen ounces in the twenty-four hours, without any 
 other symptom than slight irritation of the sto- 
 mach. M. Fouquier, suspecting the quality of the 
 water, requested M. Henri, head of the Pharmacie 
 Centrale^to prepare some distilled water of double 
 strength, viz. to pass the same quantity of water 
 over a double quantity of the leaves of cherry lau- 
 rel, and the results were very nearly the same. 
 M. Fouquier thinks that it may be administered 
 without danger, but he does not acknowledge it to 
 possess any evident medicinal property. 
 
 Hydro-cyanic Jtcid, 
 
 It was known that the distilled water of cherry 
 laurel contains the hydro- cyanic acid, and this, in 
 the hope of more complete success, led to the ex- 
 hibition of that acid in an isolated form. The 
 prussic acid is dangerous, and difficult to manage, 
 since, changing by contact with air and light, it 
 passes suddenly from a state of the greatest ener- 
 gy to one perfectly inert. The purest acid is that 
 which is prepared by the process of M. Gay-Lus- 
 sac, but it is not used in medicine till suitably re- 
 duced. This is done by diluting it with' six times 
 its volume, or eight times its weight of distilled 
 water, and constitutes what M. Magendie (Formu- 
 laire des Nouveaux Medicamens] calls medicinal 
 prussic acid. In the first trials made at the Hos- 
 pital of La Charite, the prussic acid of Scheele was 
 employed ; but, from the uncertainty of the pro- 
 cess by which it was prepared, it ought not to be 
 considered as a test of the remedy. M. Magendie 
 
rAK'AlOVLAR KE1VIEDIES. '*& 
 
 regards the hydro-cyanic acid as a valuable medi- 
 cine in affections of the chest, especially in phthisis 
 pulmonalis. He affirms, after numerous experi- 
 ments, that it calms the cough, facilitates expecto 
 ration, and procures sleep. He gives it in drops in 
 a gum mixture ; the usual dose is from five to fif- 
 teen or twenty drops. The following is the for- 
 mula which he recommends : 
 
 Infusi Hederas terrestris g iv, 
 
 Acidi Prussici Medicinalis . . . gtt. xv. 
 Syrupi Gummi Arab g i. 
 
 A spoonful of this mixture is taken every thre 
 liours. It is directed to be shaken when used, as, 
 without this precaution, the acid may accumulate 
 at the surface of the liquid, and occasion serious ac- 
 cidents. 
 
 It has been employed by M. Magendie, and many 
 other physicians, in a great number of diseases, par- 
 ticularly in nervous affections, and in cancer. 
 
 In his experiments on the prussic acid, M. Fou- 
 quier has not confined its exhibition to pectoral affec- 
 tions, but has extended it to the class neuroses, and 
 with results too inconstant to permit him to draw 
 any positive conclusions. In several cases the 
 paroxysms have become less frequent, and have been 
 even suspended for a considerable time, but it was 
 not evident that these effects coujd be attributed to 
 the medicine. It has been employed in epilepsia, 
 hysteria, hypochondriasis, and asthma, in the case 
 of subjects affected with neuralgia and convulsions, 
 but without obtaining those speedy and permanent 
 cures which unequivocally attest the salutary power 
 of a therapeutic agent. I have seen him employ it 
 In two instances of tetanus, without the slightest ad- 
 vantage; and though, in a third, a recovery was ef- 
 fected, the success, without it, might probably have 
 been the same. 
 
 in 
 
218 PARTICFLAK REMEDIES, 
 
 Cyanuret of Potassium. 
 
 The extreme facility with which the prussic 
 is changed, renders its use uncertain and dangerous, 
 MM. Robiquet and Villerme have, therefore, pro- 
 posed to substitute for it the cyanuret of potassium 
 in solution, (hydro-cyanate.) 
 
 In employing it, the cyanuret is to be dissolved in 
 eight times its weight of distilled water. This so- 
 lution may be given in the same doses as the medici- 
 nal prussic acid. If we use the cyanuret of potas- 
 sium pine, we ought to commence with a quarter of 
 a grain. 
 
 Iodine. 
 
 This substance has also recently been introduced 
 into the materia medica, and recommended against 
 goitre by M. Coindet of Geneva. Its use has since 
 been extended to the treatment of scrofula, and by 
 M. Biett, of the Hospital of St. Louis, to that of 
 herpetic affections. M. Cullerier employs it in some 
 cases of chronic glandular enlargements in subjects 
 with syphilitic disorder of remote standing. He 
 makes use of ointments composed of the proto-iodu- 
 ret of mercury. M. Richond has given it with 
 equal success internally. He exhibits the iodine in 
 the form of tincture, to the extent of thirty or sixty 
 drops a-day, in three or four doses, and mixed with 
 a little water and simple sirup, 
 
 Tincture of Iodine. 
 
 Alcoholis (350) 3 i. 
 
 lodinae ... , 9 ii. 
 
 Solution of Hydriodate of Potass. 
 
 Hydriodatis Potassse 3 fs. 
 
 Aquae distillates 3 i. 
 
 This solution is still more frequently employed 
 than the tincture. 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 919 
 
 Ointment of Hydriodate of Potass. 
 
 Hydriodatis Potassae g fs. 
 
 Adipis prseparatse . . > . . 3 i. fs. 
 
 Applied by friction, morning and evening, to 
 goitres and scrofulous tumours. 
 
 The results that have, been obtained from this 
 medicine are sufficiently favourable to encourage 
 still farther trials of its powers. There is one ne- 
 cessary observation with respect to the preparation 
 of iodine, viz. that one drop of the tincture weighs 
 only two thirds of a grain, the drop of the solution 
 of the hydriodate of potass weighing more than a 
 grain. If the hydriodate is ioduretted, the drop may 
 weigh from a grain and a half to two grains, 
 
 Nitrate of Silver. 
 
 This salt, extolled as a remedy in epilepsy, is con- 
 sidered by M. Biett to merit the encomiums it has 
 received; while others, among whom are MM. Fou- 
 quier and Esquirol, after repeated experiments, have 
 pronounced it to be a medicine as uncertain as it is 
 dangerous in that disease. The following Note, 
 communicated tome by M. Esquirol, will be perused 
 with interest: "The Salpe'triere," says he, u con- 
 tains upwards of 400 epileptic patients, and I have 
 employed, and unsuccessfully, all the boasted reme- 
 dies against that disease. More than twenty female 
 patients, of different ages, and offering, for the most 
 part, the most favourable chances of cure, have made 
 use of the nitrate of silver in vario'us doses, from half 
 a grain to eight, and even sixteen grains a-day, 
 during several months, without experiencing the 
 slightest relief. In many of them it produced very 
 severe gastralgia. Two facts have not a little con- 
 tributed to make me abandon the use of this sub- 
 stance : A young girl was seized with jealousy ; the 
 menses were suppressed, and she became epileptic. 
 
420 . J'ARTICC'LAK 
 
 She was put under the rise of the nitrate of siive.r 
 for a year without success. Soon afterwards the 
 catamenia were re-estabiished, and the epilepsy 
 ceased, and it was noted as a proof of the. good 
 effects of the nitrate of silver; hut she avowed, OR 
 her dismissal, that she had never taken a single 
 dose of that medicine, and that the return of the 
 menses Was owing to the use she had made, by the 
 advice of some gossip, of a strong infusion of the 
 plants called emmenagogue. The second case was 
 that of a stout woman, who, before entering the 
 Salpetriere, had taken the nitrate of silver in con- 
 siderable doses during two years. She was brought 
 to that hospital in a state of deplorable cachexy. 
 She vomited whatever she took, and suffered excru- 
 ciating pains of the stomach. She died, and on ex- 
 amination it was found that the inferior half of the 
 mucous membrane of the stomach had disappeared; 
 in several points the peritoneum was sound, and in 
 four or five others there were perforations. 
 
 "Latterly, 1 have, with much caution, tried on 
 five patients the muriate (hydro- chlorate) of nilver, 
 prepared by M. Pelletier, but without having ob- 
 tained any positive result; I have observed, that 
 moral influences have a power over the brain of 
 epileptics, sufficient to retard the paroxysms : the 
 hope of cure, and confidence in a remedy, may pro- 
 duce this effect; and thus, the first year that I was 
 intrusted with the cure of the epileptics, the patients 
 having the hope that I would adopt some efficacious 
 treatment, the paroxysms in many of them became 
 much less frequent." 
 
 The nitrate of silver, it may be said, is now sel- 
 dom employed, the majority of physicians preferring 
 a treatment, which, if not more efficacious, is at least, 
 inilder and exempt from danger. 
 Veratrine. 
 
 Vfcfatrine is a sour alknlin^ substance, met with 
 
REMEDIES. !32 
 
 in all the plants of the family of Veratrmn, and 
 especially in the cevadilla, colchicinn, and white 
 hellebore. On account of its strongly purgative 
 property, it can with advaritag-e be substituted for 
 these plants. 
 
 M. Magendie has proposed different formulse. 
 
 Pills of Veratrine. 
 
 Veratrinae gr. fs. 
 
 Gummi Arab, et Syrupi q. s. 
 
 Fiant Pilule sex. 
 
 One of these pills may be taken twice or three 
 ximes a-day. 
 
 Tincture of Veratrine. 
 
 Veratrinae 3 i. 
 
 Alcoholis 3 iy. 
 
 This tincture is administered in the dose of 10, 15, 
 20, and 25 drops, in a cupful of any mild and simple 
 liquid. It' is given with advantage in place of the 
 tincture ofcolchicum,in anasarca, and other varieties 
 of dropsy, and is used externally in frictions, in the 
 same diseases, and in gout, 
 
 Solution of T^eratrine* 
 
 Sulphatis Veratrinse gr. i. 
 
 Aqu distiliatse 3 " 
 
 , This solution is intended to supersede the Eau 
 Medicinale d'Husson. 
 
 Ointment of Vcratrine. 
 
 Veratrinse gr. iv. 
 
 Adipis prseparatse . . . , g i. 
 
 This ointment may be employed externally m 
 chronic rheumatism, anasarca, and gout, 
 de M. Magendie.) 
 19* 
 
P A RTIC I L AR 
 
 Henbane is one of the poisonous plants to > 
 many virtues have been ascribed. It has been con- 
 sidered as a narcotic, and as possessing valuable 
 curative powers, especially in the treatment of the 
 heuralgise: Its reputation, however, has not been 
 supported by success sufficient to prevent its being 
 questioned, and experiments on the use of this plant 
 have, in consequence, been instituted by a number 
 of individuals.. The latest are those of Professor 
 Fouqnier, in whose labours I assisted, and the results 
 of which are preserved in the Archives Generates de 
 Medicine, for 1823. According to these researches, 
 in which were successively employed the powder 
 and extracts of the hyosciamus niger and H. albus 3 
 prepared with the greatest care, and by various pro- 
 cesses calculated to discover the active principle of 
 the plant, it appears that the hyosciamus offers, in 
 therapeutics, a very slender resource, and one, be- 
 sides, ye'ry little to be depended on. The physiolo- 
 gical effects observed on a great number of subjects,, 
 and in the case of myself, have not hitherto afforded 
 any thing susceptible of a useful application. The 
 action of this substance was seen to be exerted 
 chiefly on the brain and nervous system, and to be 
 only consecutively manifested on the alimentary 
 canal. Regarded, however, as a dangerous medi- 
 cine, the hyosciamus is daily employed in very small 
 tloses, of which the happy effects are afterwards cir- 
 
 * M. Fouquier has undertaken a series of experiments on the poi- 
 $onous plants ; he has administered alternately the powders, the 
 %vatery and alcoholic extracts, prepared by infusion, macerution, &c. 
 These different substances have been given in pillsof from two to six 
 grains, and always alone, from the fear of attributing to them the 
 effects produced by other medicines tafon at the same time. The 
 experiments hnve been varied, and made in a number of ca.?ef ; which 
 necessarily gives a greater certaintv to 'he resnite 
 
PARTtCtLAR REMEDIES. 
 
 cuiated. M. Fouquier, on the contrary, prescribes 
 it in enormous doses, (50 grains in 24 hours,) with- 
 out being able to observe any constant effect rela- 
 tive to the disease Thus, in nervous affections, the 
 paroxysms that had been suspended for a considerable 
 time, and while the patients had taken but a small 
 quantity of the medicine, have returned, during its 
 farther administration, in very considerable doses. 
 These facts have been repeatedly observed. Of 
 the different extracts of hyosciamus, none combines, 
 in a, small volume, the active parts of the plant, so 
 well as that of M. Planche. It is prepared as fol- 
 lows :- 
 
 Hyosciami Nigri siccati. . . .partem unam. 
 Alcoholis (22 Be.) partes quatuor. 
 
 Macerate for four days, at a temperature of 20O R , 
 Filter the product of this maceration, and distil 
 to a reduction of three quarters. Evaporate 
 the residue at the same temperature, and the 
 result will be an extract of a line green colour, 
 possessing entirely the odour proper to the 
 plant. 
 
 This extract should not be so largely adminis- 
 tered as the others ; it cannot, without producing 
 inconvenient effects, be carried farther than 20 or 30 
 grains. 
 
 There has been discovered in hyosciamus a crys- 
 tallizable alkaline principle, which has been named 
 Hyosciamine, and which may be employed instead 
 of the extract, in a suitable proportion. 
 
 Upon the whole, if any thing can be expected from 
 this medicine, it will be less from giving it gradually 
 in alterative doses, than in prescribing it at once, in 
 a quantity sufficiently great to produce some imnie ; 
 diate effect on the svstem, 
 
2 PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 
 
 Belladonna. 
 
 The physiological effects which belladonna pro- 
 duces, uniformly and in a small dose, are suffi- 
 ciently obvious to enable us to conceive the curatife 
 effects we are- entitled to expect from it. It excites, 
 but in a manner more prompt and decided than the 
 other plants called poisonous, the series of pheno- 
 mena which attest its action on the nervous system. 
 It determines, especially, very rapidly, the dilatation 
 of the pupil, and it is this action which has made it 
 of such service in the operation of cataract. The 
 majority of surgeons, previous to this operation, ap- 
 ply to the eyes a piece of linen soaked in a solution 
 of the aqueous extract of belladonna. The extract 
 is at the same time given internally, to prevent the 
 constriction of the pupil, an accident, in such cases, 
 so common and troublesome. M, Dupuytren has 
 rendered the specific action of the belladonna on the 
 optic nerves of still farther advantage in the affec- 
 tion known under the name of inflammation of the 
 im,but which he considers as belonging rather to the 
 retina. The treatment which he has adopted has 
 been attended with success. 
 
 The belladonna has been extolled as a useful 
 remedy in the case of spasmodic cough, and par- 
 ticularly in pertussis. I have had occasion to see 
 it often employed, and have employed it myself 
 in that disease, and, I must acknowledge, without 
 success. I must also say, however, that, in the 
 course of the experiments undertaken by M. Fou- 
 quier, I have often seen those affected with phthi- 
 sis and chronic catarrh experience sensible relief, 
 especially with respect to the frequency and in- 
 tensity of the cough. 
 
 The belladonna is usually administered under the 
 form of watery extract, and in pills from the dose 
 of two to fifteen grains?. We can rarely increase 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 225 
 
 this quantity without occasioning inconvenience 
 to the patient. 
 
 In the course of this formulary, we have seen 
 two new applications of the benumbing property 
 of the belladonna on contractile organs, (the neck 
 of the uterus, and the muscles which surround 
 the urethra.) Its application, perhaps, might be 
 usefully extended to the case of strangulated her- 
 iiia, and be a mean of producing relaxation of the 
 abdominal rings. 
 
 We do not yet possess a sufficient number of 
 facts, in order to judge of the new property which 
 several pjiysicians have ascribed to the belladonna, 
 viz. of being a preservative from rubeola. The 
 experiments made in Germany have not been re- 
 peated in the hospitals of Paris. 
 
 There has been extracted from the belladonna 
 an alkaline, crystallizable substance, to which has 
 been given the name of atropine. It has not yet 
 been medicinally employed. 
 
 Conium J\faculatum. 
 
 At a time when pathological anatomy was in its 
 infancy, hemlock was regarded as an efficacious 
 remedy against cancer. It now, however, no 
 longer retains our confidence in an organic affec- 
 tion, the incurability of which is unhappily recog- 
 nised. According to the experiments of M. Fou- 
 quier, hemlock presents the general phenomena 
 which belong to the plantes virenses. It has been 
 given to the same extent as hyosciamus, and with-, 
 out any additional results. 
 
 Thridace. 
 
 M. Bidault de Villiers had for a long time em- 
 ployed the inspissated juice of the garden lettuce, 
 and M. Francois has proposed to renew it* use un 
 
326 PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 
 
 dor the name of thridace. He ascribes- to thk 
 substance a sedative action, milder than that of 
 opium, inasmuch as it is accompanied neither with 
 constipation nor stupor. The dose is two grains. 
 It is necessary, says M. Francois, to increase ra- 
 pidly the dosevS, and for one or two days to inter- 
 rupt its exhibition, as the stomach very soon ac- 
 customs itself to its action. It may be carried to 
 the extent of eight grains, taken in three doses, 
 during the twenty-four hours, without any incon- 
 venience. 
 
 Lactuca Virosa. 
 
 In the experiments which he has made on the lac- 
 tuca virosa, M. Fouquier has recognised a diuretic 
 virtue in that substance, which was exerted in a con- 
 siderable number of cases. He has not hitherto 
 discovered in it any other peculiar properties. In 
 this respect, it agrees with the extract of the aco- 
 nitum napellus, which has shown almost constantly 
 a powerful action on the urinary organs, and in 
 which a narcotic virtue is not very apparent. 
 
 Datura Stramonium. 
 
 The extract of stramonium has also been submit- 
 ted to experiment by M. Fouquier, but more nume- 
 rous trials are indispensable, in order to determine 
 the cases in which it may be usefully applied. It 
 maybe well to mention, however, that patients have 
 scarcely been able to exceed the dose of twelve or 
 fifteen grains, without experiencing disagreeable ef- 
 fects, as heat, cerebral congestion, with illusions of 
 sight and hearing, vertigo, and confusion of ideas. 
 Symptoms, besides, of gastric derangement, have 
 also been excited as anorexia, thirst, white tongue, 
 nausea, and sometimes alvine evacuations. These 
 symptoms have been common to almost all who 
 
PAftTiCULAB KBMEDIES, .227 
 
 &ave used for a length of time, and in large doses, 
 the virose plants or their extracts. 
 
 There has been obtained from stramonium a par- 
 ticular substance, to which it appears to owe all its 
 properties : It has been named datuvine, but has not 
 yet been used in medicine. 
 
 Oil of Croton Tiglium, 
 
 This oil, extracted from a plant of the family of 
 Euphorbias and recently introduced into the Mate- 
 ria Medica, has. the property of a purgative in a re- 
 markable degree, and in the smallest .doses. Its ef- 
 fect is very rapid. One or two drops, in half an 
 ounce of sirup, generally suffice to purge abundant- 
 ly, and without danger. It is used also in frictions 
 ver the umbilical region ; and four drops thus ap- 
 plied have produced alvine evacuation. 
 
 Oil of Euphorbia Lathy ris. 
 
 M. Bally has made trial of this oil. In the dose 
 of from eight to ten drops, properly administered, it 
 In general acts as a mild purgative. Sometimes, 
 however, he has seen it excite vomiting. 
 
 Oil of the Jatropha Curcas.* 
 
 M. Caventou has recognised the identity of the 
 physical and chemical properties^ this oil, and that 
 of croton tiglium ; and M. Bally has proved, by clini- 
 cal experiments, that they possess the same medici- 
 nal properties. 
 
 > immediate principle of the Urine of the Mam- 
 
 mifera. 
 M. Fouquier has employed urea as a diuretic, 
 
 * Barbacjoes or American Nut Tree* TV- 
 
J'ARTICULAB 
 
 though to M. Bally it does not appear to possess 
 that property. The dose is from fifty to sixty grains 
 in any appropriate vehicle. 
 
 Rhus Radicans. 
 
 The extract of thi? plant has been recommended 
 as a powerful remedy in paralysis, but, in the hands 
 of M. Fouquier, it has not been attended with a suc- 
 cess at all equal to the character allowed it. Seve- 
 ral patients have taken it to the extent of 250 grains 
 in the day, not only without experiencing any alle- 
 viation that could be ascribed to the treatment, but 
 even without feeling any serious disturbance in the 
 exercise of their functions. It is difficult, therefore, 
 to see for what particular end we shall employ a 
 substance, the effects of which are so trivial and 
 obscure. 
 
 Pyrothonide. 
 
 M. Ranque, physician to the Hotel-Dieu at Or- 
 leans, has introduced into the Materia Medica a sub- 
 stance produced by the combustion under free air, of 
 the tissues of lint, hemp, and cotton. He conceives 
 it useful in different inflammations of the mucous 
 membranes, especially in ophthalmia, urethral and 
 vaginal catarrh, uterine hsemorrhagy, and-chilblain. 
 Experiments have been made of it in the hospitals, 
 and with a variety of results. The folio wing is the 
 manner of preparing the pyrothonide. About a 
 handful of linen or cotton cloth is put into a slightly 
 concave pan, and is then ignited in the open air, 
 while care is taken, by stirring, to prevent the vessel 
 from becoming too much heated. The carbona- 
 ceous residue being removed, there is found at the 
 bottom of the vessel a semi-aqueous and semi-oily 
 product, of a reddish-brown tint, and penetrating 
 odour. This brown matter is to be dissolved by 
 adding to it a glassful of cold water. The solution 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 229 
 
 thus made, and diluted more or less according to the 
 occasion, is instilled between the eyelids, and used in 
 fomentations, injections, &c. 
 
 Preparations of Gold. 
 
 The preparations of this metal have been highly 
 extolled in inveterate syphilitic affections. With 
 M. Cullerier, who has given them a persevering 
 trial, they have not succeeded. They are difficult 
 to manage, as much on account of their great ac- 
 tivity, as on account of the facility with which they 
 are decomposed. The dose ought to be extremely 
 small, not exceeding the fifteenth or twentieth of a 
 grain in frictions. The same observations may be 
 applied to the salts of platina. 
 
 Notes extracted from the Course ofM. GCILBERT. 
 
 Balsam of Copaiba. Regarded by Professor 
 Guilbert as an excellent remedy in mucous dis- 
 charges from the urethra and bladder, and in chronic 
 pulmonary catarrhs. It is necessary, however, to 
 associate with it an emollient regimen, to prevent 
 the gastric irritation which its use very frequently 
 provokes. 
 
 Prussic Acid. The narcotic extracts well pre- 
 pared, the laudanum of Rousseau, the pills of Cyno- 
 glossum, may be substituted with advantage for the 
 prussic acid. They are exempt, at least, from the 
 dangers which are in general attached to the use of 
 that poison. 
 
 Quinine Sulphate of Quinine. The new poisons, 
 and the proximate vegetable principles, constitute, 
 in the actual state of science, discoveries that are 
 valuable in theory, though dangerous in medical 
 practice, and of little interest in regard to useful 
 effects. Any .advantage they may afford, can be ob- 
 tained from medicines free from their inconvenien- 
 20 
 
230 PARTICULAR REMEDIES* 
 
 ces, and which experience has proved to be both 
 efficient and safe. As to quinine and its sulphate, 
 they are excellent remedies in the periodic fevers, 
 especially when associated with the laudanum of 
 Rousseau. In the neuralgias, it is proper to employ 
 the sulphate of quinine, with powerful antispasmo- 
 dics, as camphor, musk, &c. This precaution is the 
 more useful, as the sulphate of quinine is very often 
 altered by an admixture of the sulphate of lime. To 
 detect this sophistication, it is enough often to taste 
 the salt; when it is pure, the perception of the bitter 
 and astringent taste is immediate. When this proof is 
 insufficient, we discover the fraud by treating it with 
 alcohol, which dissolves the sulphate of quinine, and 
 allows the sulphate of lime to be precipitated 
 
 New Febrifuges. '-Several plants have been 
 brought from Brazil by M.,Anguste St. Hilaire, which 
 he had there employed with success in the 'treat- 
 ment of intermittent fevers. Among them are the 
 strychnos pseudo-quina, the solanum pseudo-quina, 
 the evodia febrifuga, &c. M. Guilbert has already 
 made trial of the strychnos pseudo-quina in the dose 
 of two drachms, and has in several instances over- 
 come fevers that had rented the cinchona. It is 
 remarkable, that this plant, which belongs to the 
 family of Strychnos, does not furnish by analysis any 
 trace of strychnine. 
 
 Antispnsmodics. To the plants known under this 
 title, M. Guilbert, from his experience, thinks it 
 right to add the chaenopodium botrys and ambrosioi- 
 des, and the Chinese vervain. These plants afford 
 agreeable infusions, that are stimulant and antispas- 
 modic, and capable of being usefully substituted for 
 a crowd of insignificant vegetables. 
 
 Arnica Montana. This plant, though too highly 
 valued by some, deserves to be retained in the treat- 
 ment of cerebral affections. It does not, however, 
 act usefully, except when it determines a certain 
 
PARTICULAR REMEDIES. 3 
 
 degree of' irritation of the stomach. It ought to be 
 given in infusion in the dose of from half a drachm 
 to two*drachms, to eight ounces of water. Half a 
 cupful of this infusion is given every quarter of an 
 hour, until there be felt some pain at the pracordia, 
 when it is for a. time suspended. When the prae- 
 cordial pain is intense, it may be immediately relieved 
 by a little ether. 
 
 Nervfr+ti Auctions. M. Guilbert,in his practice, 
 follows the eclectic principle. His materia medica 
 is limited, and chosen from the medicines that are 
 best known In the nervous affections and chronic 
 diseases, he employs with success the resources af- 
 forded by the hygiene, and some attention to diet 
 and regimen, with the occasional use of the tepid 
 bath, he has obtained, in numerous instances, the 
 most favourable results. 
 
 Chlorides of Sodium and Calcium. 
 
 Several phjteicians and surgeons of the hospitals 
 have made a useful application of these substances in 
 the treatment of burns, chronic inflammation of the 
 mucous membrane, &c. M. Lisfranc has used the 
 following preparation successfully in burns: 
 
 Chloride of Calcium, marking three degrees of the 
 
 Chlorometre of Gay-Lussas 3 iv. 
 
 Water ft L 
 
 This solution has also been used as an injection 
 in the case of chronic catarrh of the vagina or blad- 
 der, and has been equally employed in the treatment 
 of gangrene. Besides its utility as a disinfecting 
 agent, it appears also to exert a beneficial influence 
 on the progress of cicatrization. 
 
 titrate of Mercury, (St. Louis. M. J. CLOQUET.) 
 M Cloquet has been led to employ this caustic 
 
232 PARTICULAR REMEDIES, 
 
 against syphilitic and scrofulous ulcers, &a, which 
 had been ineffectually treated by a number of other 
 means. It appears to M. Cloquet to act in pecu- 
 liar way: the acute pain which follows its applica- 
 tion is not of long duration, the corrosive inflamma- 
 tion is soon circumscribed, and the cicatrizing pro- 
 cess is speedily accomplished. A drachm of the ni- 
 trate of mercury w dissolved in an ounce of nitric 
 acid, and, according to the thickness of the parts we 
 wish to cauterize, spread by means of a hair pencil 
 over the affected parts ; or they may be covered by 
 a piece of charpie soaked in the solution. One, two, 
 three, or more applications, may be necessary, ac- 
 cording to the duration or severity of the disease, 
 
 M. Recamier employs also this caustic to touch 
 cancerous ulcers, and reduce them to the state of a 
 simple wound* 
 
POSOLOGICAL TABLE, 
 
 UNDER this title are indicated the doses and 
 properties of the different simple substances used 
 in medicine. As those whose use has heen aban- 
 doned belong properly to the history of physic, none 
 are here inserted but such as are retained either in 
 the hospitals or in private practice. T have indi- 
 cated the ordinary doses, which, however, a num- 
 ber of circumstances may require us to vary. As 
 to the properties, I have mentioned thosB which 
 are in general ascribed to the medicines, without 
 taking, on this subject, any responsibility, 
 
 A. 
 
 ABSINTHIUM. Bitter and aromatic, tonic and ommena 
 gogue. 
 
 Dose. In infusion, 3 * U- Powder, 9 i.~ 
 
 3 fs. Wine, 3 ij- i y 
 ACETAS AMMONITE. Stimulant, sudorific. 
 
 Dose. fs. iij. in any appropriate vehicle. 1 
 ACETAS PLUMBI. Styptic, anti-sudorific. 
 
 Dose Externally, 3 >j- & ' * n a pound of 
 water. Internally, gr. i. in pills, or in solution. 
 ACETAS POTASS^. Laxative and diuretic. 
 
 Dose. .3 is. ij. 
 
 ACIDUM ACETICUM, Astiingtnt, refrigerant when di- 
 luted. 
 
 Dose. Of the concentrated acid, B l - 3 * 
 
 Common acid, 3 ' 
 
 ACIDUM ACETICUM CAMPHORATUM. Discutient, 
 e. Internally, 3 fs. u 
 
234 PtSOLOGICAL TABLE* 
 
 ACIDUM CITRICUM. Refrigerant. 
 
 Dose. gr. x. xv. in a pint of liquid. 
 ACIDUM HYDRO-CHLORICUM. Stimulant. 
 
 Dose. Externally, 3 ij. iv. in foot-baths. In- 
 ternally, employed in the form of lemonade, 
 3 fs. i. in each pint. 
 ACIDUM NITRICUM. Stimulant, diuretic. In lemonade, 
 
 by drops, till an agreeable acidity is produced. 
 ACIDUM PHOSPHORICUM. In lemonade, as the pre- 
 ceding. 
 
 ACIDUM PRUSSICUM, VEL HYDRO-CYANICUM. Antispas- 
 modic. 
 
 Dose. gtt. ij. vi. 
 ACIDUM SULPHURICUM Stimulant. 
 
 Dose. gtt. xii. xxxvi. in two pounds of water, 
 SPIRITUS /ETHERIS SULPHURICI. Astringent, tonic. 
 Dose. gtt. xii. xxxvi. in some fluid vehicle. : 
 ACIDUM TARTARICUM. Refrigerant. 
 
 Dose. gr. xii. xxxvi. in solution. 
 ACONITUM. Narcotic, antispasmodic, diuretic. 
 
 Dose. Powder, and extract from, gr. ij. 3. 
 ALCOHOL CAMPHORATUM. Stimulant, discutient. Used 
 
 externally in frictions. 
 ALOES. Drastic purgative. 
 
 Dose. gr. vi. xxx. in pills. Tincture, git. x. 
 
 xxxvi. 
 ALTHAEA OFFICINALIS. Demulcent, pectoral. 
 
 Dose. 3 i- m decoction. Sirup, 5 * "j Ex- 
 
 tcrnally in fomentations, cataplasms, c. 
 AMYQDAL^ DULCES. Demulcent. 
 
 Dose. ^ ^ s - ij m form of emulsion. 
 AMYGDALUS PERSICA. (Peach-tree Leaves.) Purgative, 
 vermifuge. 
 
 Dose. In infusion, 3 ij. 5 i Sirup, 3 ij- 
 
 3 ij. 
 AQUA AMMONIAS. Stimulant, diaphoretic. 
 
 Dose. gtt. x. diluted with water. Externally in 
 
 frictions. 
 
 AMMONIACUM. Stimulant, expectorant. 
 Dose. gr. vi. xxiv. in emulsion. 
 ANGELICA ARCHANGELICA. Aromatic, 
 Dose. 3 j. ij. 
 
POSOLOaiCAL TABLE. 
 
 ANISI SEMINA. Aromatic, carminative. 
 
 Dost. B i- 3 i- volatile oil, gtt.v. xv. 
 ANTIMONII TARTRAS. Emetic, purgative, diaphoretic. 
 Dose. gr. fs. i, Vinum Antimonialis, g i, * 
 
 iv. 
 ARNICA MONTANA. Stimulant. 
 
 Dose, g fs. i. In decoction. 
 ARSEWAS POTASSJE. Febrifuge, 
 
 Dose. gr. repeated three or four times a day. 
 ASPIDIUM FILIX MAS. (Mate Fern.) Vermifuge, tonic, 
 ermnenagogue. Composes, usually, a part of the 
 treatment employed against the trenia. 
 
 Dese. 5 fs" i. In decoction. Powder, 3 i. 
 
 ij. Extract, id. 
 ASSA-FOSTIDA. (Gwnmi-resina.) Antiepasmodic. 
 
 Dose. gr. xii. 3 fs. In enema, 3 ij. 
 ANTHEMIS NOBILIS. Aromatic, emmenagogue. 
 Dose. In infusion, ) i. 3 * 
 
 ^THER SULPHWHICUS, MuRIATlCUS, NlTRlCUS, &C^ 
 
 Diffusible stimulants, anlispasmodic. 
 Dose. gtt. x. xxxvi. 
 
 B. 
 
 BALSAHUM COPAIBJB. Astringent. 
 
 Dose. 3 i. g fs. in any emollient mixture. 
 BALSAMUM TOLUTANUH> 
 
 Dose. gr. vi. xxiv. 
 BELLADONNA. (Atropa) Narcotic. 
 
 Dose. Ponder or extract, gr. iv. gr. xvl, 
 BISTORTA. Astringent. 
 
 Dose Bi. 3 ij. 
 BORAS SOD^E. Detergent. 
 
 Dose. 9 i. 3 i- In gargles. 
 
 BARDANA MAJOR. (Burdock.) Employed in the treat 
 ment of syphilis, and diseases of the skin. 
 
 Dost. Of the root, g i. ij. in Decoction. 
 BOBAGO OF* JCINALIS. Diaphoretic, diuretic, emollient, 
 
 Dose. Manip. i. jj. in infusion. Extract?, 
 36? i. 
 
236 P060LOGICAL TABLE. 
 
 C. 
 
 CATECHU. Astringent. 
 
 Dose. B ij- 3 i- in infusion or raixtufe. 
 CAMPHORA. Sedative, vermifuge, sudorific. 
 
 Dose. gr. ij. xx. suspended in emulsion. 
 CANELLA ALBA. Aromatic, stimulant. 
 
 Dose. Powder, gr. xii. xxxvi. Tincture, 3 ft. 
 
 iv. 
 
 CARBONAS POTASS.E ET Son/E. Stimulant, diuretic, 
 sudorific. 
 
 Dose. 3 fs ij. Used externally in local baths. 
 CARTOPHYLLUS AROMATICUS. (Cloves.) Tonic, stoma- 
 chic, emmenagogue 
 
 Dose. Powder, gr. iv. xviii. Tincture, 3 & * 
 
 Essential Oil,gtt. v. x. 
 CASSIJE PULPA. Laxative. 
 Dose. 3 iv. 3 ij. 
 CASTOREUM. Antispasmodic, emmenagogue. 
 
 Dose. gr. xx. 9 i. fs. 
 CHIRONIA CENTAURIUM. Bitter, tonic, febrifuge. 
 
 Dose. 9 i. 3 & m infusion. 
 CHAM^EDRYS, Bitter, tonic, febrifuge. 
 
 Dose. 3 & i- in infusion. 
 
 CENTAUREA BENEDICTA. Tonic, febrifuge, sudorific, 
 diuretic. 
 
 Dose. 3 i- ij in infusion. 
 CHICORIUM AGRESTB. Bitter, tonic, febrifuge. 
 
 Dose. 3 * m decoction. Extract, 3 i- ij- 
 
 Juice, 3 i- 3 iij- 
 
 CITRUS AURANTIUM. (Orange.) Refrigerant. In fevers 
 and inflammations. 
 
 Leaves, antispasmodic, 3 i i y ^ n infusion. Pow- 
 der, 9i. 31. 
 
 Flowers. Distilled water, 3 fs. ij. 
 Rhind. Powder, 9 i. 3 i. Essential Oil, gtt.ij.vi. 
 CONIUH MACULATUM. Narcotic, anodyne, resolvent. 
 Dose. Extract, gr. ij. 3 f s - Decoction, 3 * v - " 
 vi. Externally in cataplasms, lotions, &c. Em- 
 ployed particularly in schirrous and cancerous 
 affections. 
 
20SOLOGIOAL TABLE* 237 
 
 COCHLEARIA ARMORAciA. Stimulant, antiscorbutic. 
 
 Dose. 3 i' ij- * n infusion. Tincture, 3 & i 
 CYDONI^I SEMINA. Astringent. Employed in chronic 
 diarrhoea. 
 
 Dose. Syrup, 3 ^ s - ij' 
 
 CUCUMIS COLOCYNTHIS. Pulp of the fruit. Drastic 
 purgative. 
 
 Dose. Extract, gr. vi. xviii. Powder, gr. 
 
 x. 9i. 
 
 COLUMBA. Stomachic, anti-emetic. Employed in ner- 
 vous affections of the stomach. 
 
 Dost, "ovvder, 3 is i. 
 
 CvNOGLossuar OFFICINALE. Narcotic, pectoral. Em- 
 ployed more especially in affections of the chest. 
 
 Dose. pr, iji 3 fs. 
 
 CONSERVA ROS/E GALLICS. Astringent. Employed as 
 a vehicle for other medicines. 
 
 D. 
 
 DAPHNE GNIDIUM. Sudorific, emetic* corrosive. Used 
 externally as a substitute for cantharides. Given 
 internally v though very rarely, in some affections of 
 the skin. 
 
 Dose. 3 fs. in decoction. Powder, gr. ij. xx. 
 DIASCORDIUM. Astringent, opiate electuary. Much 
 used in chronic diarrhoea. 
 
 Duse, 3 fs. i. 
 
 DIGITALIS. Diuretic, sedative. Employed in dropsy, 
 and affections of the heart. 
 
 Dose, Powder, gr. i. 9 i. Tincture, 3 &** 
 
 In infusion, 3 i.- ii. 
 DIANTHUS CARYOPH?LLBS. Aromatic. 
 Dose. Sirup, 3 ft. ii. 
 
 E. 
 
 ELLIBORUS ALBUS. (Veratrum Album.} Drastic purga- 
 tive emntic. Little used. 
 
 Dose. Powder, gr. i. xii. Extract, gr. ii - x, 
 
238 POSOLOGICAL TABLE. 
 
 ENULA CAMPANA. Bitter, aromatic. 
 
 Dose. Root, 3 fs in decoction. Extract, 
 3 fs. ii. 
 
 F. 
 
 FERRI LIMATURA. Tonic, emmenagogue, astringent, 
 styptic. Used in debility of the digestive organs, in 
 amenorrhcea, chlorosis, Sic. 
 Dose. gr. xii. xxxvi. 
 
 FERRI OXIDUM NIGRUM. (JEthiops Martialis.") 
 FERRI OXIDUM RUBRUM. (Crocus Martis.) 
 
 Dose. gr. xii, 3 fs. 
 FUMARIA OFFICINALJS. Tonic, emmenagogue. Much 
 
 used in the treatment of diseases of the skin. 
 Dose. 3 i m decoction. Extract, 3 fs i. 
 Sirup, 3 &. ii. Juice, 3 * iy 
 
 G. 
 
 GALBANUM. Antispasmodic, emmenagogue', stimulant. 
 
 Dose. gr. iv. vi. Tincture, gtt xii. xxxvi. 
 GALL.E. Astringent, styptic, febrifuge. Externally in 
 decoction for fomentations, lotions, &c. In- 
 ternally, in the case of poisoning by tartar 
 emetic, and as a powerful astringent in obsti- 
 nate haemorrhagies. 
 Dose. Powder, gr. xviii. 3 i. in infusion, 
 
 3 i- iij- 
 
 GUAIACI LIGNUM. Sudorific, anti-syphilitic. In gout, 
 rheumatism, syphilis, &c. 
 
 Dose. 3 ^ s - in decoction. Extract, 3 fs. i. 
 
 Powder, id. Tincture, id. 
 GELATINA. Employed sometimes as a febrifuge. 
 
 Dose. 9 i. 3 i. 
 GENTIANA. Bitter, tonic, febrifuge. 
 
 Dose. 3i- ij- in decoction. Extract, 9 i. 3 ft. 
 
 Powder, id. Tincture, 3 fs. ij. 
 GUHMI ARABICUH. Demulcent, pectoral. In fevers, 
 inflammations, and all diseases accompanied with ir- 
 ritation. 
 
 Dose, g fs, i. in solution. Syrup, 3 *> 
 
POSOLOGICAL TABLE. 239 
 
 GUMMI TRAGACANTHA. Demulcent, pectoral. 
 
 Dose. gr. x. xxiv. 
 
 GAMBOGIA. Drastic purgative. In passive dropsy, 
 chronic jaundice, vermes, &c. 
 
 Dose. gr. v. xviii. 
 
 GRATIOLA OFFICINALIS. Purgative, vermifuge, emetic. 
 Dose. 3 i- in decoction. Extract, gr. xii. xviii. 
 
 Powder 9 i. gr. xxxvi- 
 GRANATI CORTEX. Tonic, astringent. 
 
 Dose. 3 ij vi. in infusion. Powder, 3 & i. 
 Sirup, 3 iv. 3 ij. 
 
 H. 
 
 UUMULUS LUPULUS. Tonic, diaphoretic, diuretic, resol- 
 vent. Used in scrofula, herpes, psora, verrnes. 
 
 Dose. In infusion, 3 i ij Extract, 3 fs. i. 
 HYSSOPITS OFFICINALIS. Tonic, expectorant, diaphore- 
 tic. In chronic cata rrhal affections, asthma, &c, 
 
 Dose. In infusion, 9 i. 3 ij. Sirup, 3 fs. ij. 
 HYOSCIAMUS. Narcotic, antispasmodic, resolvent. In 
 all nervous affections. 
 
 Dose. Powder, gr. ij. 3 ij. Extract, id. Em- 
 ployed externally in cataplasms, to cancerous 
 tumors, &c. 
 
 JljEDERA TERRESTRIS. Aromatic, expectorant. In 
 chronic inflammations of the mucous membrane of the 
 bronchi. 
 
 Dose. 3 ' iij- m infusion. 
 
 HYDRARGYRUS. Vermifuge. In decoction, ft i. of mer- 
 cury to water, fi> ij. 
 
 Proto-Chloridum Hydrargyri. (Submuriate of Mer- 
 cury.) Purgative, vermifuge, anti-syphilitic. 
 
 Dose, gr; ij. xii. 
 Deuto-Chloridum Hydrargyri. (Corrosive Sublimate.) 
 
 Dose. gr. i. . in solution. 
 Hydrargyri Oxydum Cinereum. Vermifuge, stimulant, 
 
 Dose. gr. \. i. 
 
 Deutoxydum Hydrargyri. (Red Oxide.) Escharotic, 
 Externally, incorporated with cerate, or with other 
 ointments, 
 
^40 POSOIOGICAL TABLE. 
 
 HORDEI SEMINA. Demulcent, emollient. 
 
 Dose. 3 & i- in decoction. Externally, in 
 fomentations, cataplasms, enemaia, &c. 
 
 I. 
 
 IPECACUANHA. Emetic, purgative, diaphoretic, 
 
 Dose. Pewder, gr. xv. xxx. Tincture, 5 & i 
 Sirup, 3 & ij- 
 
 IRIS FLORENTINA. Purgative, expectorant. 
 Dose. Powder, gr. xii. xxiv. 
 
 J. 
 
 JALAPAE RADIX. Purgative. 
 
 Dosf. 3 i. in decoction. Powder, gr. xv. xxxvL 
 
 Tincture, gtt. v. xx. 
 JUNIFERUS COMMUNIS. Tonic, diuretic, febrifuge. 
 
 Dote. 3 & i* i n infusion. Extract, 3 & ij 
 Volatile Oil, gtt. v. xv. The juniper berries 
 burnt are used for fumigations. 
 
 K. 
 
 KlNO. (Gummi.) Tonic, astringent, febrifuge. 
 
 Dose. In decoction, 3 i. ij. Tincture, 3 fs. j f 
 Powder, gr. xviii. xxxvi. 
 
 LACTUCA SATIVA. Demulcent, antispasmodic. 
 
 Dose. Distilled water, 3 i- iv. Juice. 3 ij. iv, 
 LACTUCA VIROSA. Narcotic, antispasmodic, diuretic. 
 
 Dose. Extract, gr. ij. 3 y- 
 LAURO-CERASUS. Narcotic, antispasmodic. 
 
 Dose Distilled water, 3 is, ^.xvi. The de- 
 leterious qualities of this medicine have been 
 much exaggerated, 
 
 LICHEN ISLANDICUS. Demulcent, pectoral, analeptic. 
 In catarrhal affections, pulmonary phthisis. 
 Dose. 3 & i in decoction. 
 
POSOLOCICAI, TASLIX 
 
 Luci SBMINA. Demulcent, laxative, emollient. 
 In inflammations, especially those f the urinary 
 passages. 
 
 Dose. In infusion, 3 i- ll j- Externally, in 
 
 fomentations, cataplasms, enemata. 
 LIQVOR ANODYNUS HOFFSIANXL. (Spiritus aetheriz 
 viirioiici compositus.) Anodyne, antispasmodic, stimu- 
 lant In nervous affections, convulsions, spasms. 
 
 Dwe. gtt. xv. xxxvi. 
 
 LEONTODON TARAXACUM. Diuretic, laxative, diapho- 
 retic. 
 
 Dose. Decoction of roots or leaves, 3 & ij 
 Juice, 3 i. iij. Extract, 3 fs. i. 
 
 M. 
 
 MAGSESIA. Absorbent, purgative. In acidity of the 
 primae vise, and in cases of poisoning by sulphuric 
 acid. 
 
 Dose. 9 i. 3 ft. 
 MANNA. Laxative, pectoral. 
 
 Dose. 3 f s - l i- 
 MALTA SYLVESTRIS. Demulcent, pectoraL 
 
 Dose. In infusion, maftip. i. Externally, in 
 
 lotions, fomentations, cataplasms. 
 MECBOACAM. (Conxokidus Mechoacanna.) Purgative, 
 Little used. 
 
 Dose. Powder, B i. -3 i. 
 
 MELILOTUS. ( Trifolium Mdilotus Officinak.) Aromatic , 
 slightly tonic, resolvent. 
 
 Dose. 3 - ij- in infusion. Distilled water, 
 
 3 ij.iv. 
 
 MELISSA OFFICINALIS. Stimulant, emmenagogue, an- 
 tispasmodic. 
 
 Dose. In infusion, 3 i. iv. Distilled water, 
 3 i. iv. Tincture, 3 fs. 3 iij. Essential 
 oil. gtt. ij xviii. Sirup, 3 f s * *j- ^ m " 
 ployed externally as a stimulant and discu- 
 tient. 
 
 MKSTEU Stomachic, antispasmodic. emmenagogue, 
 carminative. 
 
242 POSOLOGICAL TABLE. 
 
 Dose. 3 i- ij. in infusion. Distilled water, 
 3 i iv. Tincture, 3 i. 5 fs. Sirup- 
 3 fs. ij. 
 
 MOUSSE DE CORSE. (Fucus Helminthocorton.) Anthel- 
 mintic. 
 
 Dose. Powder, B i. 3 i. In decoction, 3 ii. 
 
 3 i. Sirup, 3 ii. iv. 
 
 MURIAS AMMONITE. Diaphoretic, diuretic, febrifuge, 
 tonic. 
 
 Dose. gr. x. 9 ii. 
 
 MURIAS BARYTA. (Proto-hydrochlorate.) Stimulates 
 the lymphatic system, and recommended in scrofulous 
 affections. 
 
 Dose. gr. \ , in a draught or mixture. 
 MURIAS CALCIS. (Chloride of Calcium.) Employed as 
 a mean of destroying the odour from putrid sub- 
 stances, &c. One part of the salt is dissolved in 
 twenty or thirty parts of water, with which the in- 
 fected matters are washed. 
 MURIAS AURI. Recommended as antisyphilitic. 
 
 Dose. gr. l-15th, in frictions on .the tongue and 
 gums. Internally, the hundredth part of a 
 grain in pills. 
 
 MURIAS POTASS^. (Febrifuge Salt of Sylvius.) Tonic, 
 febrifuge, purgative. 
 
 Dose. gr. x. xxxvi. As a purgative, 3 fs i. 
 MURIAS SOD.E. (Deuto-hydrochlorate of Sodium.') Diu- 
 retic, purgative, resolvent. 
 
 Dose. 3 ii. 3 i-i n solution. 3 i j- i n P e " 
 
 diluvium, enema, and fomentation. 
 MOSCHUS. (Musk.) Sedative, antispasmodic, sudorific, 
 aphrodisiac. 
 
 Dose. gr. i. viii. " in pills. Tincture, gtt. 
 
 xviii. xxxvi. 
 
 MYRISTICA MOSCHATA. (Nux Moschata.) Stomachic, 
 stimulant, tonic. 
 
 Dose. Powder, gr. x. 3 fs. Essential oil, 
 gtt. vi. xii. Tincture, 3 & " Extract, 
 9 i. 3 ^. 
 MYRRHA. (Gurnmi Resina.) Tonic, vermifuge, em- 
 
POSOLOGICAL TABLE. 243 
 
 menagogue, stimulant. Scarcely used except ex* 
 ternally. 
 
 Dose. gr. xv. 3 fs. Volatile oil, gtt. v. xx. 
 Tincture, 3 fs. iv. 
 
 N, 
 
 NYMPH^EA LUTEA. Astringent, refrigerant. 
 
 Dose. 3 ii. 3 fs. in infusion. Distilled wa- 
 ter, 3 u i v ' Sirup, 3 fs. ii. 
 
 NITRAS ARGENTI. (Pierre Infernale.) Caustic. Recom- 
 mended in epilepsy. 
 
 Dose. l-16th to l-10th of a grain. 
 NITRAS HYDRARGYRI. (Proto-nitrale of Mercury.) Ex- 
 ternally, dissolved in water as an escharotic. 
 NITRAS POTASS^:. Diuretic, refrigerant, purgative. In 
 dropsies, idiopathic, or symptomatic. 
 
 Dose. gr. x. 3 iij. 
 
 Nux VOMICA. (Strychnos Nux Vomica.) Vermifuge, 
 tonic. Produces excitement of the spinal cord. Em- 
 ployed in the treatment of paralysis, 
 
 Dose. Aqueous extract, gr. ii. xii. Alcoholic 
 extracted. 
 
 O. 
 
 OLIVER OLEUM. Purgative, emetic, demulcent. 
 
 Dose, 3 fs. iv. 
 OLIBANUM. (Juniperus Lycia.) Stimulant. Employed 
 
 externally in fumigations. 
 OPIUM. Narcotic, anodyne, sudorific. 
 
 Dose. Extract, gri i. vi. Sirup, 3 * 3^ 
 
 Tincture, gtt. x.~ 1. 
 
 SUPER- OXALAS POTASS.*?. Refrigerant. 
 Dose. gr. i.r 3 fs. in solution, 
 
 P. 
 
 PAL MA CHRISTI. (Oleum Ricini.} Purgative 
 Do.*?. 3 ii. 3 ii. 
 
TABLE* 
 
 PARIETARIA OFFICINALIS. Diuretic. 
 
 Dese. in decoction, manip. i. Distilled water, 
 
 3 ii. iv. 
 
 PATIENTIA. (Rumex Patientia.) Tonic, antiscorbutic, 
 a s tringent. Much employed in the treatment of psora. 
 scrofula, and different cutaneous affections. 
 
 Dose. Root in decoction, 3 ft- U- Extract, 
 
 9 i. 3 i Leaves, in infusion, 3 i- 3 * 
 PAPAVER SOMNJPERUM. Narcotic, antispasmodic. Em- 
 ployed externally in fomentations, baths, &c. 
 
 Dose. Sirup, 3 ii. 3 i. fs. Extract, 9 i. 3 i. 
 PAPAVER ERRATJCUM. (Red Poppy.) Narotic, anti- 
 spasmodic. In inflammations of the chest, and some 
 nervous affections. 
 
 Dose. 9 i. 3 i. in infusion. Sirup, 3 ij 3 l '^ s * 
 PETROLFUM. (Oleum.) Anthelmintic. 
 
 Dose. 3 f g applied by friction over th& abdo- 
 men. 
 PHOSPHORUS. Violent stimulant, aphrodisiac. 
 
 Dose. gr. . ii. Dissolved in eether, or sus- 
 pended in emulsion dangerous. 
 
 PINUS PINEA. (Kernel of the Aw/.) Demulcent, pec- 
 toral. 
 
 Dose. 3 ii iv. in emulsion. 
 
 PISTACHIA VBRA. (Pistachio Nut.) Demulcent, cool- 
 ing. 
 
 Dose. 3 i. iv. in emulsion. 
 
 PJEONIA OFFICINALIS. (Root and Seeds.) Anti-spas- 
 modic. In nervous affections. 
 
 Dose. Decoction, 5 ^ s - i- Extract, 3 fs. L 
 Powder, id. Sirup, 3 ii. 3 Tincture, 
 3 fs. ii. 
 
 Pix LIQUIDA. (Tar.) Tonic, stomachic. In phthisis. 
 Dose. 3 fs. i. macerated for 24 hours in two 
 
 pints of water. 
 
 POLYGALA SENEGA. (Radix.) Stimulant, expectorant, 
 diaphoretic, 
 
 Dose. Decoction, 3 fs. i. Powder, 9 i. fs, 
 
 Wine, g fs. i. 
 MALUS. (Fruit.) Demulcent, refrigerant* 
 
TOSOLOG1CAL TABLE. 245 
 
 Dose. Sirup, 3 i. -ii. Externally in cata- 
 plasms. 
 PBUNUS DOMESTICA. (Fruit.) Laxative. 
 
 Dose, 3 i. viii. in decoction. 
 PULVIS STANNI. Vermifuge. 
 
 Dose. gr. xiL xxxvi. 
 
 Q, 
 
 QUASSIA LIGNUM. Tonic, stomachic, febrifuge. 
 
 Dose. Powder. 9 i. 3 i. Infusion, 3 i. 2, 
 
 Wine, 3 fs. i. Tincture, 3 fs. i. 
 QUINQUINA. (Cortex Cinchona.} Tonic, febrifuge, an- 
 tiseptic. In adynamic and intermittent fever, scoif- 
 butus, gangrene, &c. 
 
 Dose. Infusion and decoction, 3 ii. gii. Wine, 
 3 ii. viii. Sirup, 3 ii. 3 ii. Tincture, 
 3 fs. ii. Soft extract, 3 ii. iv. Dry extract, 
 gr. xxx. Jx. Externally in baths, lotions, fo- 
 mentations, &c. 
 
 QbfeRCUs CORTEX Bitter astringent, febrifuge, and 
 tonic. Used as a succedaneum to cinchona, and ex- 
 ternally in gangrenous affections. It is prescribed in 
 powder or in decoction, to which is added, according 
 to the indicaticn^camphorated alcohol, liquid lauda- 
 num, or acetate of lead. 
 
 R. 
 
 RHATA&IA. {Radix.) Astringent. In passive hae- 
 morrhagies, Ieucorrho3a, &c. 
 
 Dose. Decoction, 3 f s - i Extract, 3 fs- u- 
 RHAMNUft CATHARTicus.^JX^accce.) Purgative, ver- 
 mifuge. 
 
 Dose. Of the dried berries, 9 i. 3 ii. Sirup 
 
 3 i.iij- 
 RHEI RADIX. Tonic^and purgative. 
 
 Dose. Powder, gr. iv. 3 i. In infusion, 3 ii.-- 
 iij. Wine, 3 fs. 3 i. Sirup, 3 ii. 3 & 
 Tincture, 3 i. ii. Extract, J3 i, 3 i 
 FOLIA. Emmenagogue, 
 
246 POSOLOGICAL TABI.E. 
 
 Dose. Powder, gr. xii. 9 i In infusion, 3 J* 
 iij. Essential oil, gtt. ii.- x. Conserve, 
 9 i. 3 &. Externally in lotions, fomenta- 
 tions, vapour, &c. 
 
 ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS. (Cacumina.) Aromatic, 
 tonic, stimulant. 
 
 Dose. In infusion, 3 i " Tincture, 3 fs. i. 
 Volatile oil, gtt. ii. x. Powder, 9 i. gr- 
 xxxvi. 
 ROSA GALLICA. (Red Rose.) Astringent. 
 
 Dose. In infusion, 3 ii. iv. Distilled water, 
 3 i. iv. Conserve, 3 f* i Volatile oil. 
 gtt. ii. iv. Honey of roses, 3 i. ii. 
 HUME* ACETOSELLA. Refrigerant, antiscorbutic, 
 laxative. 
 
 Dose. Manip. i. ii. in decoction. Externally 
 
 in cataplasms. 
 
 Ruscus ACULEATUS. Diuretic, emmenagogue. 
 Dose. 3 ft, i in decoction. 
 
 S. 
 
 SABIN^E FOLIA. Emmenagogue, anthelmintic. 
 
 Dose. Powder, gr. v. 9 i. Extract, gr. x.-~ 
 
 xxx. Externally in lotions. &c. 
 
 CROCUS SATIVUS. (Stigmata.} Stimulant, resolvent, 
 emmenagogue. 
 
 Dose. Powder, gr. x. 3 & Extract, gr. v. 
 
 9 i. Tincture, 3 fs. i. 
 
 SAGAPENUM. (Gumrni-resina.) Emmenagogue, anti- 
 spasmodic. 
 
 Dose. Powder, gr. x. 9 i- Tincture, 3 f s 
 SARSAPARILL^I RADIX. Sudorific. Employed in syphi 
 lis, diseases of the skin, gout, and chronic rheumatism. 
 Dose. Deeoction, 3 i. ij. Extract, 3 fs. i. 
 
 Sirup, 3 i. ij. 
 SANGUIS DRACOINIS. (Resina Plerocarpi Draconis.) 
 
 Dose. Powder, gr. x. 3 fs. 
 
 SANTOLINA CHAMJECYPARISSUS. Vermifuge, emmena- 
 gogue. 
 
 Dose. Powder, 9 i.~3 i, 
 
POSOLOGICAL TABLE, *M 
 
 S$A?ONAR!A OFFICANALIS. Tonic, sudorific, diuretic, 
 
 Dose. Extract, 9 i. 3 i. Decoction, 3 i. ij. 
 SASSAFRAS. (Lignum et Radix.) Sudorific, diuretic. 
 
 Dose. Decoction, 3 ft * Extract, 9 i.- 3 * 
 SAPQ MEDICINALIS. Aperative, dissolvent. 
 
 Dose. 9 i. 3 i. in pills. Externally s in fo- 
 mentations, lotions, baths. 
 SCAMMONI^E GUMMI-RESINA. Drastic purgative. 
 
 Dose, Powder, gr. v. 9 i. Tincture, gtt, vi. 
 
 xviii. 
 
 SCILLA MARITIMA. Diuretic, emetic, expectorant. In 
 dropsies, especially those which are connected with 
 chronic affections of the thoracic viscera. 
 
 Dose. Powder, gr. iv. xii. Extract, gr. ij. 
 x. Wine, g fs. i. Vinegar, 3 fs.- .i Oxy- 
 mel, 3 ft- i. Tincture, 9 i. 3 ij. Honey, 
 
 . 3 i. ij- 
 
 SEMEN CONTRA. (Artemisia Santonica?) Tonic, ver- 
 mifuge. 
 
 Dose. Powder, gr. x. 3 i. Tincture, 3 fs. i. 
 SCNNJB FOLIA. Purgative. 
 
 Dose. In infusion, 3 ij. iv. Tincture, 3 i. ij. 
 $EJIFENTARIA ViRGiNiANA. (^Arislolochia Serpcntaria.) 
 Tonic, febrifuge, diaphoretic. 
 
 Dose. 3 i. ij. in infusion. Extract, 9 i. 3}, 
 SIMAROUB^R CORTEX. Tonic, astringent, vermifuge. 
 
 Dose. 3 i. ij. in decoction. Sirup, 3 ij- 3 ij 
 
 Tincture, 3 fs. ij. Extract, 3 fs. i. 
 SULPHUR SUBLIMATUM. Diaphoretic, expectorant, stimu- 
 lant. In diseases of the skin. 
 
 Dose. Powder, gr. xii. 3 i. Pastilles, 3 i 
 3 f* s - Externally ia ointments, fumigations, e. 
 SMILAX CHINA. (Squine.) Sudorific. 
 
 Dose. Decoction, g ij. iij. Extract, 9 i- 3i 
 STRAMONIUM. (Datura.) Narcotic, resolvent. Em- 
 ployed in epilepsy, hysteria, chorea, and cancer. 
 
 Dose. Extract, gr. ij. 9 i- Externally in lotions, 
 
 fomentations, cataplasms, &c. 
 ??T T CCINUM. (Amber*) Antispasmodic. 
 
 Dose. Sirup, 3 ft. ij- Tincture, /> fs i'j, In 
 flimig-ations-j 3 i, ij.. 
 
~4 FQSOLOGICAL TABLE, 
 
 SULPHAS ALUMINA. Astringent, repercussive; 
 
 Dose, gr, vi. xxxvi. in solution or in p,i 
 SULPHAS FERRI. Tonic, febrifuge. 
 
 Dose. 9 i. 3 i. in solution or in pills. 
 SULPHAS MAGNESIA. 
 
 SOD^E. 
 
 POTASS^. Purgative. 
 
 Dose. 3 ij. 3 ij- in watery vehicles. 
 SULPHURETUM HTDRARGYRi RuBRUM. Employed as a 
 fumigation in syphilitic diseases, and in baths in the 
 dose of 3 i. ij. 
 
 SULPHURETUM POTASS^:. Stimulant, sudorific, dia* 
 phoretic. In herpes, psora, and obstinate catarrhal 
 affections. 
 
 Dose. Powder, gr. vi. xviii. in divided doses. 
 
 Sirup, 3 ii. 3 ij. 
 
 SAMBUCI CORTEX ET BACCM-I. Sudorific, diaphoretic, re- 
 solvent, aperient, diuretic. 
 
 Dose. Of the bark, gr. x. 3 i. In decoction, %fs, 
 Juice of the berries, 3 ^ s - n j Flowers, 
 used externally in fomentation. 
 SINAPIS ALBA. Stimulant, emetic, rubefacient. 
 
 Dose. 3 i- 3 f s - in substance or infusion. Ex- 
 ternally in cataplasms. 
 
 SOLANUM DULCAMARA. Diuretic, sudorific, anodyne. 
 In cutaneous and cancerous affectione. 
 
 Dose. 3 f g * i-i n infusion. Extract, 9 i. 3 * 
 
 Powder, 9 i. 3 i. 
 
 SYMPHYTUM OFFICINALE. Astringent. In haemorrhage, 
 and chronic diarrhoea, under the form of sirup. 
 
 Dose. 3 f s ' ij 
 
 SUPERTARTRAS POTASS^. (Cream of Tartar.) Diuretic, 
 refrigerant, purgative. 
 
 Dose. 3 ii. 3 i. in solution or electuary. 
 
 T. 
 
 TAMARINDICUS INDICA. (Pulpd.) Laxatire, refrige- 
 rant. 
 
 Dose. 3i " in decoction. 
 
 TARTRAS POTASS.E ET FERRI. Stimula^it, tonic, astrin- 
 gent. 
 
 Dose-. Powder, gr, xii, 3 & 
 
JPOSOLOGICAL TABLE. .VJ49 
 
 POTASS^. (Vegetable Sail.) Diuretic, refrige- 
 rant, purgative. 
 
 Dose. 3 ii. 3 i- in solution. 
 TARTRAS POTASS^B ET SOD^. Same properties, and 
 
 same doses. 
 
 TEREBINTHINA VENETA. TEREBINTHINA CANADENSIS. 
 Diuretic, expectorant, astringent. 
 
 Dose. gr. x. 3 i in pills or mixture. 
 Essential 9il of turpentine* gtt. iv. xviii. 
 TERRA CIMOLIA. Employed externally as tonic, discu- 
 
 tient, and astringent. 
 THEA. Diaphoretic, diuretic, stimulant. 
 
 3 ij. iv. in infusion. 
 TIIERIACA. Tonic, astringent. 
 
 Dose. 3 fs. i. Wine, 3 fs. i. Vinegar, id. 
 TILIA EUROPE A. (Flores.) Antispasmodic. 
 
 Dose. In infusion, 3 i. ij. Distilled water, 
 
 3 ij. iv. 
 TORMENTILL^E RADIX. Astringent. 
 
 Dose. Powder, 3 fs. i. Extract, id. In de- 
 coction, 3 i. iv. 
 
 TOXICODENDRON. (Rhus.) Tonic, antispasmodic. Re- 
 commended against paralysis. 
 
 Dose. Powder of the leaves, gr. i. iv. Ex- 
 tract, gr. ij. c. 
 
 TRIFOLIUM PALUDOSUM. (Menyanthes Trifoliata.) To- 
 nic, febrifuge, antiscorbutic. 
 
 Dose. 3 i. iv. in decoction. Extract, 9 i. 
 
 3i- 
 TUSSILAGO. Demulcent, pectoral. 
 
 Dose. Manip. i. in infusion. Sirup, 3 fs. ij. 
 TUTIA. (Impure Oxide of Zinc.) Stimulant, astringent. 
 Combined with other substances, in collyria, and 
 ophthalmic ointments. 
 TINCTURI OPII. Narcotic, antispasmodic. 
 Dose, gtt.x. 3 i. 
 
 V. 
 
 VALERIANS RADIX. Antispasmodic. 
 
 Dose. Powder, B i. 3 i. Extract, id. Tinc- 
 ture, id, 
 
"^OU POSOLOGICAL TABLE, 
 
 VANILLA. Stimulant, stomachic. 
 
 Dose. Powder, gr. v. xxiv. Tincture, 3 i. ij, 
 VERONICA BECCABUNGA. Stimulant, antiscorbutic. 
 
 Dose, g fs. ij. in iufusion. Sirup, 3 & ij> 
 VERATRUM SABADILLA. (Cevadilla.) Vermifuge. Re- 
 commended to expel the tsenia, but little employed, 
 on account of its extreme acrimony. 
 
 Dose. In powder, 9 i. 3 i 
 VIOLJE FLORES. Demulcent, pectoral, laxative. 
 
 Dose. 3 Jj- iij'in infusion. Sirup, 3 ij- 3y 
 
 Z. 
 
 4KDOARIA. (Amomum Zedoaria.) Tonic, stimulant, 
 stomachic. 
 
 Dose. Extract, 9 i. 3 fs. Tincture, 3 fs. -H. 
 KINCI OXYDUM ALBUM-. Antispasmodic, Employed i$ 
 epilepsy, chorea, pertussis. 
 
 Dose. gr. i. xx. in some appropriate vehicle. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 . Page. 
 ACID, Hydrocyanic .................... 216,229 
 
 Affusions ........................... . ...... 73 
 
 Antimony, Tartrate of. .................... 20Q 
 
 BATHS, general observations on ............... 67 
 
 Bath, Anti-psoric ............. , ............ 68 
 
 - Anti-syphilitic .................. ....... 69 
 
 - Aromatic ............................. ib, 
 
 : Mercurial .............. ... . .......... ib. 
 
 - Sulphureous ---- . . , .................... 70 
 
 m of Bareges ................. ib. 
 
 - Alkaline Foot .................. ...... .ib. 
 
 - Aromatic Vapour ...................... 7i 
 
 Balsam of Copaiba ................. ........ 229 
 
 Belladonna, employment of, (M. Fouquier) ..... 224 
 
 Boluses, general observations on ............. 116 
 
 Bolus, Febrifuge ............................ ib. 
 
 - Stomachic ..... ...... ....... . ........ 117 
 
 - Camphor . ..... . . ..... ........ . ...... ib. 
 
 - Antispasmodic ..... . .................. 121 
 
 - Astringent ........................... 122 
 
 Vermifuge... .................... ..124 
 
 .. of Camphor and Nitre ........ . . . ..... ib. 
 
 < - of Cinchona and Rhubarb ............ . . . . ib. 
 
 - Squill ................ ............ 12", 
 
 - - - Laxative ........... . ...... . .......... ib. 
 
 Brucine, employment of. ................... 211 
 
 CATAPLASMS general observations OH 
 Cataplasms, Emollient. . , , , . ...... .. 
 
Cataplasm, Sttppurative ..................... 74 
 
 - Anodyne ........................ ib. 
 
 - - Anti-septic ...................... ib. 
 
 - Resolvent ...................... 7;~> 
 
 - Chamomile ...................... ib. 
 
 Cerate, Mercurial ........... ............... 108 
 
 Cinchonine, employment of .................. 215 
 
 Chlorides of Sodium and Calcium ........... 231 
 
 Colica Pictonum, treatment of. ............... 203 
 
 - treatment of M. Ranque ..... 205 
 
 COLLYHIA, general observations on ...... .... 76 
 
 Collyrium, Simple Detersive .................. & 
 
 - 1 - Dry ............................ ,ib. 
 
 -- Resolvent ......................... 77 
 
 - Aluminous ..... ............... . .. .78 
 
 - Emollient ....................... <. . ib. 
 
 - - of Roses and Melilot .............. ib. 
 
 - Opiate ........................... 79 
 
 . Astringent ....................... ib* 
 
 -- Anodyne .......................... ib* 
 
 - , -- of the Sulphate of Zinc ........... . . 80 
 
 -- of the Acetate of Lead .............. ib. 
 
 Cyanuret of Potassium ................. . ... 218 
 
 Decoction of Barley 
 -- of Lichen 
 -- of Cinchona 
 
 of Guaiac ......... . ............. 165 
 
 compound of Sarsaparilla ............ ib. 
 
 of Asparagus ..................... $ 
 
 ofRice ........................ 16 
 
 compound of Hartshorn ....... ..... ib. 
 
 of Catechu ...... . ................ # 
 
 of Prunes ........................ 167 
 
 . of Tamarinds .......... ............ # 
 
 of Fern ................. , ........ 168 
 
 .. of Centaury . . . , . .......... ..... ....*. 
 
INDEX. 253 
 
 Page. 
 
 Decoction of Artemisia 170 
 
 of Bistort 171 
 
 _ of Comfrey ib. 
 
 ofSnake Root.... 172 
 
 of Bitter Sweet ib. 
 
 of Angelica 177 
 
 Diuretic ib. 
 
 Sudorific. 178 
 
 Douches 72 
 
 DRAUGHTS, general observations on 1 32 
 
 Draught, Antiseptic 135, 142 
 
 Purgative 136, 144, 156. 
 
 Emetic 137 
 
 Anodyne 138, 147 
 
 Cordial 139 
 
 ... Antispasmodic 143 
 
 i Saline Purgative 146 
 
 Bitter Pectoral 153 
 
 Dropsy, Passive, of the Cellular Tissue, 
 
 Treatment of M. Dupuytren 188 
 
 ELECTUARY, Purgative 126 
 
 Vermifuge ib. 
 
 Emetine, employment of 212 
 
 Emulsion of Almonds 163 
 
 ENEMATA, general observations on 95 
 
 Enema, Demulcent 96 
 
 Astringent ib. 
 
 Antiseptic ib, 
 
 Laxative. *&. 
 
 Tobacco 97 
 
 .. Emollient ib- 
 
 Purgative ib. 
 
 Anti-syphilitic $ 
 
 Camphorated 9 
 
 = - Saline ?? ' 
 
Page, 
 
 Enerna, Starch 93 
 
 Poppy 99 
 
 Bark .ib. 
 
 Chamomile ib. 
 
 of the Balsam of Copaiba 100 
 
 FOMENTATIONS, general observations on 80 
 
 Vinous 8i 
 
 Saponaceous ib. 
 
 Narcotic ib. 
 
 Mustard 8 
 
 Emollient ib. 
 
 Resolvent ib. 
 
 Astringent 85 
 
 Fumigations, general observations on 87 
 
 Fumigation of Chlorine 88 
 
 Mercurial ib. 
 
 Aqueous 89 
 
 , Sulphureous ib. 
 
 of Cinnabar ib. 
 
 GARGLES, general observations on 90 
 
 Gargle, Astringent ib. 
 
 Anti-scorbutic 91 
 
 Anti-septic *& 
 
 Acidulous ib. 
 
 Anti-syphilitic 92 
 
 A cetous 93 
 
 of Cinchona ib- 
 
 Chloric ib. 
 
 : Detergent 90, 93 
 
 Mercurial 92, 93 
 
 Muriatic Acid 92 
 
 Gentianin, on the use of. 215 
 
 Goitre, treatment of AL Dupuytren 190 
 
 Granati Cortex, remedy against the Trenia 181 
 
 Gold, on the preparations of 22P 
 
INDEX. ^55 
 
 Page. 
 
 HAND B ATUS 71 
 
 Herpes, Phagedenic, treatment of M. Dupuytren 190 
 HOSPITAL OF LA PITIE 23 
 
 Practice of MM. Lisfranc, Serres, and Bally. 
 HOSPITAL OF LA CHARITE 25 
 
 Practice of MM. Boyer, Roux, Fouquier, 
 
 and Lerniinier. 
 HOSPITAL OF SATNT Louis 37 
 
 Practice of MM. Richerand and J. Cloquet, 
 Alibert, Maury, and Biett. 
 
 HOSPITAL, VENEREAL, 39 
 
 Practice of MM. Cullerier, Barb, and Guilbert. 
 HOSPITAL SAINT ANTOINE 47 
 
 Practice of MM. Kapeler and Winslow. 
 HOSPITAL LA SALPETRIERE 48 
 
 Practice of M. Esquirol. 
 HOSPITAL FOR. CHILDREN 5.> 
 
 Practice of MM. Guersent and J adelot. 
 HOSPICE UE LA CLINIQUE INTERNE 32 
 
 Practice of MM. Cayol and Chomel. 
 HOSPICE DE LA MATERNITE. See Maison 
 
 d'Accouchement. 
 
 HoTEL-DlEU 17 
 
 Practice of MM. Dupuytren, Recamier, and 
 Husson. 
 
 Hydrogala 161 
 
 Hydromel 163 
 
 Hyosciarnus,on the employment of, M. Fouquier 222 
 
 INFLAMMATION of the Retina. Treatment of M. 
 
 Dupuytren 1 94 
 
 INFUSION of Lintseed 162 
 
 of A mica 164 
 
 of Cinchona ib. 
 
 of Juniper 165 
 
 of Senna 1ST 
 
 of Marsh mallow ..,,,, .11. 
 
256 JNJJEX. 
 
 Page. 
 
 INFUSION of Eider Flowers 168 
 
 of Borage ib. 
 
 of Chamomile 1^9 
 
 of Absinthium ib, 
 
 of Saffron ib. 
 
 of Burdock \ ib. 
 
 of Tilia ib. 
 
 of Red Poppy - .ib. 
 
 of Orange Leaves 170 
 
 of Veronica ib. 
 
 of Anise ib, 
 
 of Polygala 171 
 
 of Rhubarb ib. 
 
 of Valerian .172 
 
 of Canella 173 
 
 of Mint ib. 
 
 _ of Balm ib. 
 
 of Hops ib. 
 
 . Astringent ' 177 
 
 . of Gallium 178 
 
 INJECTIONS, general observations on 94 
 
 Injection, Tonic ib. 
 
 Resolvent tfr- 
 
 Mercurial ib. 
 
 Stimulant 95 
 
 _ of the Chloride of Sodium t6. 
 
 Iodine, on the employment of 218 
 
 JUMP, Pectoral 132,145 
 
 Squill 1 42 
 
 Gum ib. 
 
 Lactuca Virosa 226 
 
 Lemonade, Citric 161 
 
 Tartaric Acid ib. 
 
 Sulphuric 166 
 
 Alcoholic I" 7 4 
 
257 
 
 Page. 
 
 Lmctus, compound 135 
 
 " simple 137 
 
 Squill 139 
 
 white 142, 150 
 
 LINIMENTS, general observations on 100 
 
 Liniment, Stimulating 101 
 
 Ammoniacal ib. 
 
 Opiate. .......' i5t 
 
 Camphor ib. 
 
 Soap ib. 
 
 Anodyne 102 
 
 Discutient ib 
 
 Mercurial 103 
 
 Volatile Camphorated ib. 
 
 Spirituous Anodyne . ., ib. 
 
 Turpentine ib. 
 
 : Narcotic 104 
 
 Sulphuro-saponaceous ib. 
 
 Diuretic 105 
 
 Liquor of Van Swieten 141 
 
 Cupri et Hydrargyri ib. 
 
 Lotion, Anti-psoric 81 
 
 Mercurial 83, 85 
 
 Alcoholic 84 
 
 of M. Alibert ib. 
 
 Sulphur and Soap 85 
 
 of Bark 86 
 
 Anodyne ib. 
 
 Lupuline, on the employment of 2 15 
 
 MAISON Roy ALE DE SANTE 45 
 
 Practice of M. Dubois. 
 MAISON D' ACCOUCHEMENT, Lying-in- Hbspital 46 
 
 Practice of M. Chaussier. 
 
 Mixture, Pectoral, ( Julep Becfuque.) 1 32 
 
 Antispasmodic 1 33, 1 50 
 
 _ r Anodyne - . 135. \w 
 
Page. 
 Mixture, Anthelmintic ..................... 138 
 
 -- Astringent .................. 140, 14 
 
 i . - Carminative ..................... 138 
 
 -- Camphorated ..................... 140 
 
 -- Aluminous ....................... 1 48 
 
 - - Acid ......................... ....# 
 
 -- Demulcent ........................ #. 
 
 -- Diuretic ...... ........... 136, 151, 154 
 
 -- Emmenagogue ............ ....... 143 
 
 -- Emetic ......................... I 56 
 
 - , - Febrifuge ....................... 145 
 
 . - Compound of Copaiba .............. 155 
 
 -- -of Cinchona ............ 15 
 
 -- Laxative ......................... I 37 
 
 - Purgative ................... 138, 150 
 
 -- Stomachic ...................... -144 
 
 -- Soap ........................... 148 
 
 - Sudorific ........................ 145 
 
 -- Tonic, ....................... 134, ISO 
 
 - Theriacal ........................ 145 
 
 -- Opiated Antimonial ............... 208 
 
 Morphine, Salts of. ....................... 2n ' 
 
 Nervous Delirium, treatment of . . ......... 1 
 
 Nitrate of Mercury, employment of .......... 231 
 
 Nitrate of Silver ............ ............. 219 
 
 OINTMENTS, general observations on .......... 105 
 
 Ointment of Belladonna ................. no 
 
 i -- Antimonial ....................... * J 
 
 _ Brown .......................... l09 
 
 -- Epispastic ................... 106 113 
 
 - Simple Digestive .................. 107 
 
 . -- Mercurial ........................ 1C 
 
 -- Camphorated ..................... 
 
 -- Anti-herpetic . ............ >. . .109, 1 1 
 
 , - Alkaline ................ ....... 1C 
 
259 
 
 Page. 
 
 Ointment, Mercurial 108 
 
 with Opium ib. 
 
 Ophthalmic 105, 109 
 
 Opium 108 
 
 of Oxide of Mercury 110 
 
 Iodine 114 
 
 i. of Cyanuret of Mercury ...., 115 
 
 Resolutive 106 
 
 Sulphur. . /. 107 
 
 Sulphuro-alkaline Ill 
 
 of Soap and Sulphur 112 
 
 i of Sub-sulphate of Mercury Ill 
 
 for Tinea Capitis 112 
 
 of M. Melier ib. 
 
 ofM. Biett 113 
 
 Ozena, treatment of M. Dupuytren 188 
 
 Oil of Croton Tiglium 227 
 
 of Euphoroia Lathyris ib. 
 
 of Jatropha Curcas ib, 
 
 - of Turpentine, employment of in Neuralgia. 207 
 
 PILLS, general observations on. 11$ 
 
 Antiseptic 118 
 
 Antihysteric ib. 
 
 Anodyne 118, 122 
 
 Antisyphilitic 119, 130 
 
 Aritispasmodic 120, 121, 127 
 
 Astringent 120, 125 
 
 Asiatic 131 
 
 Deobstruent 119 
 
 Diuretic. ....... ? 122 
 
 Emmenagogue 126 
 
 Styptic ... 127 
 
 of Camphor and Cinchona 120 
 
 = of Corrosive Sublimate 123 
 
 of Gum Ammoniac ib. 
 
 , of Nitrate of Silver. , 129 
 
S60 INDEX. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Pills, of Nux Vomica 209 
 
 1 of Cyanuret of Potassium ISO 
 
 of Arseniate of Iron 131 
 
 POMMADES, general observations on 105 
 
 POTIONS, general observations on 132 
 
 Potion, Purgative 135 
 
 Anti-Emetic 145, 154 
 
 Gum 149, 152 
 
 Diuretic 152 
 
 Compound of Manna ib. 
 
 POWDERS, Compound, general observations on.. 157 
 
 Powder, Antispasmodic 26. 
 
 Aromatic ib. 
 
 Anthelmintic 153 
 
 Absorbent ib. 
 
 Antichlorotic 159 
 
 Arsenical 160 
 
 Antipsoric . 159 
 
 . of Ipecacuan and Rhubarb 157 
 
 ofRousselot 159 
 
 Stomachic 158 
 
 of M. Dupuy tren, used in the Corro- 
 ding Herpes 190 
 
 Pulp, Compound of Cassia 125 
 
 Pyrothonide .228 
 
 Quinine, preparations of. 213 
 
 Rhus Radicans, employment of. 228 
 
 Sachet Resolutif 184 
 
 Soap, Mercurial 180 
 
 Scrofulous Affections, treatment of, (M. Du- 
 
 puytren) 1 86 
 
 Diseases, use of Sulphur in, (M. Guilbert) 185 
 
 Sinapism, (Venereal Hospital) 75 
 
 Mild ib. 
 
 SOLUTION of Arseniate of Ammonia 199 
 
 of Fowler W* 
 
INDEX. 261 
 
 Page. 
 
 Solution of Pearson v .... 1 98 
 
 of Hydriodate of Potass .... 219 
 
 - Mercurial 141 
 
 of Gum 162 
 
 Antisyphilitic 149 
 
 Stramonium Datura 226 
 
 Strychnine, employment of 210 
 
 Sirup de Cuisinier, (Compound Sirup of Sar- 
 
 sapariila) 183 
 
 of Sulphuret of Potass 180 
 
 Specks of the Cornea, treatment of M. Dupuy- 
 
 tren 1.88 
 
 Serum Laetis (Petit Lait) 173 
 
 Syphilis, treatment of in the Hotel-Dieu 192 
 
 TINCTURE of Anise and Ipecacuan 197 
 
 of Gentian 1 85 
 
 Tserda, remedy of M. Bourdier 181 
 
 treatment of M. Dubois 1 82 
 
 Note of M. Guilbert on ib. 
 
 Cortex Granati, a remedy against Taenia 181 
 
 Thridace, employment of 225 
 
 TISANES, general observations on 160 
 
 Tisane, Common 161 
 
 . Antiscorbutic 173 
 
 - Diuretic : 174 
 
 Sudorific 174, 175 
 
 of Pollini .ib. 
 
 of Feltz 176 
 
 UREA, employment of 227 
 
 Uterus, Chronic Obstructions of 197 / 
 
 VE KATRINE, employment of 220 / 
 
 WATER, Alkaline Gaseous 
 
 Tar . . . , . 17 
 
Water, Gaseous Magnesian 179 
 
 Mineral 151 
 
 Antipsoric. 1 9G 
 
 . Camphorated Ether ib. 
 
 Distilled of Cherry Laurel 215 
 
 Wine, Bitter Diuretic 184 
 
 Bitter ib. 
 
 , of Quinine 214 
 
Lately published, by C. S. Francis, w\cu?- ForA\ 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE PRINCIPAL 
 REGIONS OF THE HUMAN BODY, IN 
 RELATION TO SURGICAL ANATOMY. 
 
 Twelve folio plates, with letter press explanations. 
 The following is a list of the subjects of the plates, 
 which may be had either coloured or plain : 
 
 PLATE I. Inferior Lamina of the Perineum in the Male. 
 
 PLATE If. An interior view of th* Perineum, and of the lesser 
 Pelvis ; more particularly to show the pelvic and superior Perineal 
 Aponeurosis. 
 
 PLATE III. A Dissection of Inguinal and Crural Hernia, by Sir 
 Astley Cooper. 
 
 PL ATE IV. Anterior part of the region of the Elbow; the Veins 
 being strongly injected to show their nodositiee, and the compara- 
 tive number of valves in the superficial and deep seated Veins. 
 
 PLATE V- Superior Clavicular Region ; with the external part of 
 the Stern o Mastoid Region. 
 
 PLATE VI- View of the upper Hyoidean, the inferior Hyoidean, and 
 Carotid Regions. 
 
 PLATE VII. View of the Axilla, the arm being raised up. 
 
 PLATE VIII. A Parallel Section of the Axis of the Perineum of 
 the hypogaatric portion of the anterior Walls of the Abdomen 
 and of the Sacral Region, posteriorly a little to one side of tho 
 Median Line- 
 
 PLATE IX. Exterior view of the Inguinal and Crural Canals. 
 
 PLATE X. Posterior view of the anterior Abdominal Parietes, to 
 khow the superior surface *f the Inguinal and Crural Canals ; and 
 nt the same time, a perpendicular and transverse section of the 
 Pelvis to display the external Iliac Region, and the connexions 
 of the Perineal Aponeurosis with those of the Walls of the lesser 
 Pelvis. 
 
 PLATE XI. A view of the part posterior to the Knee, or Popliteal 
 Space. 
 
 PLATE XII. The fingers. 
 
 COMPENDIUM OF OPERATIVE MID- 
 WIFERY ; or, the Manual and Instrumental Ope- 
 rations of Preternatural Labours reduced to the 
 greatest simplicity: preceded by an investigation 
 of the Mechanism of natural Labour. From the 
 French of Julius Hatin, Doctor of the Medical 
 Faculty of Paris, etc. etc. by Richard Tuite, M, D. 
 
THE INFLUENCE OF MODERN PHYSI- 
 CAL EDUCATION of Females, in producing and 
 confirming Deformity of the Spine. By E, W. 
 DUFFIJS, Surgeon. 
 
 MANUAL OF THERAPEUTICS, by L. MAR- 
 TINET, P. M. P. translated, with alterations and 
 additions, by ROBERT NORTON, M. D.