AN INTRODUCTION HEBREW GRAMMAR; IN yfuicn Z\iz (Senium of t^e Sanguag? IS EXPLAINED, BY A NEW AND SI3IPLE PRINCIPLE OF ANALYSIS j Af>PHED TO THE IMPROVEMENTS OF THE LATEST AND MOST APPROVED GRAMMARIANS: And particuhrly intended To reduce the Irregularities of the Inflected Parts of Speech, to the cominon Analogy of the Language, and to explain the Peculiarities of the Construction, by assimilating it to the Idiom of the English. BY THE REV. FREDERICK NOLAN, Author of '< An Inquiry into the Integrity of the Greek Vulgate," &c. LONDON: PRITSTED FOR SAMUEL BAGSTER, N<*. 15, PATFRNOSTER-ROW. MDCCCXXI. liONDON ; SHACRELIi 4ND ABROWSMITH, JOHNSONS COURT, FLEET-STREET. ADVERTISEMENT. It may be presumed, that no very laboured explanation can be necessary, to recommend to those who are engaged in the acquisition of languages, an elementary work, which purposes to render itself practically useful, by its comprehensiveness and brevity, its uniformity and simplicity. While its professed object is to unfold the grammatical structure of the principal Modern and Antient Languages ; the specimen, which is subjoined, is offered as an exemplifica- tion of the plan and execution of the work ; and as an earnest of the limited compass in which it will be accomplished. While no elementary principle, necessary to a grammatical knowledge of the different languages of which it treats, or inculcated by the most approved grammarians will be design- edly overlooked ; the work will be comprized in limits, within which even their labours are rarely circumscribed, who merely purpose to explain the genius of a single language. As the simplicity of the plan will be estimated, as not pro- bably among the lowest of its recommendations, it may be necessary to state, that the principle of analysis, by which the varieties of injlexion, in the different parts of speech, are ex- plained, is so easy of acquisition, that a knowledge of their diversity, is generally conveyed by a single exemplification, or inculcated in the compass of a rule. In the declension of nouns, this object is generally attained. But in those parts of speech, which are the most important, as they are the most difficult of attainment, the analytical principle has been even more effectually applied ; the diversity of conjugations is not only superseded, but the great body of the verbs, with a parti- cular specification of those generally classed as irregular, are reduced to the same analogy, and inflected after the form of one example, which is generally chosen, as the most simple in Its structure. In explaining the construction of the different languages, which come within the author^ plan, fewer liberties were 094 allowed him, to depart from the ordinary path pursued by hii predecessors. In this respect, it has been his object, to embody and simplify the rules of the most approved gramma- rians, to reject all abstruse or metaphysical distinctions, and by a familiar exemplification in English, to remove the difficulties of the foreign tongue, by assimilating them to the native idiom. With a view, however, still more closely to accommodate the theory of the rule to the praxis of the exemplification, letters of reference are inserted in both, by which their immediate dependence will be directly perceived ; and the general prin- ciple of the one be illustrated and confirmed, by the specifick induction in the other. The simplicity of plan which the author has thus endea- voured to secure, he has further aimed at rendering useful, by the uniformity of his mode of discussion. As one mode of treating the different languages is adopted, and the same code of laws applied to each, with very inconsiderable modifica- tions ; the labour of the learner will be proportionably reduced, as his knowledge of one language will be rendered subsidiary to his acquisition of another. And still more effectually to promote this object, the definitions of terms, which are common to all grammars, are separated from the body of the work, and prefixed to the two parts into which it is divided, as contain- ing the antient and modern languages. The w'ork is also printed with that diversity of type, which will serve as a guide to the reader in his method of studying each language, or of attaining that portion of it, which may suit his peculiar views or inclinations. Thus separating the fundamental rules from the exceptions, and examples, he will be directed in his selec- tion of those parts which are to be carefully committed to me- mory; not merely by the person who would make a moderate proficiency in any language, but who would form a competent idea of the plan adopted in the following analysis. A Classed Vocabulary will be added, containing the most useful and necessary words of the different languages intro- duced in the annexed grammars. AS INTRODUCTION TO HEBREW GRAMMAR, i INTRODUCTION HEBREW GRAMMAR, I. OF PROXUNCUTIOX. The Hebrew alphabet contains twenty-two letter^, which are named as follows, and sounded as in the annexed words of the Hebrew and English ; viz. Form. Name. Power. Hebrew. English. N aleph, a, sounded as in biN abbot. 3 beth, 6, ban better. 3 ghimel, g, spa giddy. *T daleth, c?, yoT demon. n he, e, bVn able. 1 vaw, M, ----- 3313 cruel. T zain, z, - - . . - Idt cenith. n cheth^ h, - ... - c3n /jectic. u theth,' fA, .... - n3U f/iistle. ' iod, i, ... - - Tp' ^lial. 3 •] caph, e, - - _ - - nn3 cator. >? lamed, i, - - . - - inb better. o D mem, m, - ... - i':;o 7,ielIow. 3 ] nun, n, .... - ^'pj wectar. D shamech, sh, ----- psD -y^eepcot, y ain, o, guttural, - ... - Vay omen. an phe, phi "ii^S /)edant. vy tsade, ts, "QV tabled*. p koph, AA, la? Aindred. T resh, r, ..... 03T regal. ^ sin, J, - . - _ - ]y:f iever. n tau, t, Ipn lender. The simple sounds, common to both languages, may be acquired by the above scale •, from which it is evident, that the B2 4 HEBREW GRAxMMAR. Hebrew and English letters are pronounced nearly alike, with a very few exceptions. The Diphthongal sounds are redu- cible to six, which are said to be common to the cognate Oriental Languages, and may be represented by the following combination of letters ; viz. •'ft ' ' by ' • txi, - - as • • T^{ - pronounced - aeer. 'n ei, ri'n aeeey. >y._.-_oi, ------ vy --- oeen, ^^f au, - niK --.----- aoor. \"T eu, ------ pn -------- aoon. >") ui, ------ «13 -------- gooee. Of the mode of pronunciation which is here described, it must be observed, that it is founded on general principles deduced from a collation of antient alphabets, and differs very considerably from that adopted by the Jews, which is now. generally rejected by the learned. In attaining a competent knowledge of reading without points, which is now generally adopted, it will be necessary to attend to the following obser- vations. J. OF THE SOUND OF THE LETTERS*. No letter is silent in Hebrew, as read without points, but each character generally preserves the sound ascribed to it in the alphabet. The mode of reading is from the right hand of the line to the left, like the generality of the Oriental Language. The Vowels are divided into open, as, «, n, % J?, i ; and close which are not expressed in writing. The former are pronounced with the sound of the correspondent vowels in the words, g«rden, theatre, lYiial, modal, cruel ; as Vnt*, VVn, itt?% h'OV, nDiD, pronounced kbel, eylel, eeser, omel, cookeb. The latter are pronounced with the sound of the final vowelsf in * The learner, who follows the method of readin* with points, should omit the following observations on Pronunciation, and acquaint himself with the nature and use of the vowel points, as described in the Section on the Accents, at the end of the Grammar. He who follows the method of reading ivithout points should, on the other hand, neglect those marks altogether, and omit those passages of the follow- ing Grammar, which are enclosed in brackets. f The sound of these vowels is properly expressed by e terminating a syllable, as in the words babble, nitre; the pronunciation of which is so close and rapid, that it does not vary, whatever be the vowel PRONUNCIATION. 5 the words pillar, master, elixir, donor, murmwr, as "riDn, fi*TJ, "lOr, pronounced, bethel, gedeph, zemer. The Consonants are pronounced Nvith the sound ascribed to them in the alphabet. But it should be observed; (1) that J, p, are uniformly pronounced with the hard sound which the letters g, c, possess before «, o, in English ; as ^11:1, itrp, pro- nounced ghedeph, kether. (2) The letter n is ascribed by some the guttural sound of cA, or gh, in the word loch or lough, as pronounced by the Scotch or Irish ; as DDn, Vin, pronounced chekem, chedel. (3) The letters t:>, D, are ascribed by some the simple sound of t, s, instead of the aspirate sound of th, sh ; as ?i:iD, pGD, pronounced tenep, sepek. (4) The letters D, il% n, on the other hand, are ascribed by some the aspirate sound of ph, sh, th, instead of the simple sound of p, 8, t ; as iiTD, Vpu;, nVn, pronounced, pheter, shekel, thele. The characters *], D, f, % V5 are but a different form, which the letters D, D, J, D, y, assume when they are final. 2. OF THE DIVISION OF SYLLABLES. The omission of the close vowels occasions some difficulty iQ the division of the syllables in Hebrew words, which an attention to the following observations will tend to remove. (1) Those words are pronounced as monosyllables, which are composed of two letters, or of two consonants with a vowel interposed ; as, fn, aw, i^n ; "it^n, Vnn, n^n, Vrn, in, pro- nounced, ben, ab, ba; bar, bel, bit, bol, bur. (2) Those words are pronounced as dissyllables, which are composed of three consonants, or of two consonants, with a vowel prefixed or subjoined, or of one consonant with two vowels prefixed or subjoined ; as *|13, nxD\> ; nmt*, ^^1 : nis^, u;i?% t^ip, mm : pronounced berek, keset ; aser, desa ; a-oot, ee-6s, koo-a, soo-e. (3) Words not reducible under the foregoing deno- minations may be generally divided into monosyllables, so as to constitute words of two syllables; as, fanp, ntrn: : loni^, nipl : 2DO, V^Vn : ^I'D^*, n:u : mat*, n^ia : pronounced inserted. Thus the word nitre is similarly pronounced, whether written accordinp: to the German or Hebrew orthography w3j7|, sages: ^Tnu', field, pi. unz', fields ; '•13, nation, pi. d""i:, or ^u'^:^, nations. Fem. sing. ^j-|S«) s'gn* P^- ninis> sig-ns : n-nn^, law, pl.m-iTi, laws: m3x^, letter, pi. mi^N, letters: ^n-^zb^, kingdom, pi. nvDbo, kingdoms : n^'Whti, beginning, pi. Dvu'Nl, beginnings. Com. sing, sovy, bone, pi. D'-avy, or mnvy, bones. [Sing. qV, day, Dual, q^v? two days : ^.jg, year. Dual, ^.^y^, two years.] Exceptions. 1. Of Nouns masculine, the following form the Plur. in ni ; viz. nt*, father, n1^*, familiar spirit, ivm, treasure, paii^, palace, '?0*a>b*, bunch, [na, thumb, in, well, Ji, roof, Viu, lot, fm*T, good, n:r, tail, ivtn, vision, nrn, breast, yin, street, DiVn, sleep, pnmn, count, nsiD, palm, nD, vigour, «DD, throne, V^V, night, niV, table, nnro, altar, :iVtd, fork, Vina, pipe, niDQ, rain, imi>o, tithe, Vpa, staff, iva, fast- ness, Dipo, place, 1^5^, skin, ij, candle, id:?, dust, nu', skin, nu;i7, herb, niD, hinge, nny, purse, Vip, voice, T-p, wall, nip, battle, pirn, chain, fnVn?, table, Du;, name, u?du;, sun, iDiu;, trumpet, 11U?, wall, nm, posterior. 2. Of Nouns feminine the following form their Plur. in D^ ; viz. nVfr^, oak, nimt^, path, nn, bath (a measure), nvu, egg, niDn, dromedary, nVm, fig-cake, mm, bee, ni, statute, mai, vine-branch, nnt, fornication, nDU?n, darkness, niDn. wheat, n:r% ostrich, njr, pigeon, 7D, cask, HDDD, rye, nnV, brick, nVo, diction, nVa:, ant, ni^D, measure, riD, morsel, nn\P3, linen, u;:iV^D, concubine, nQYi, pavement, nVno^, ear of corn, nn;r or n^nu;, captivity, niDU?, shittim- wood, mi?u;, barley, n:t^n, fig, nijTn, fornication. 3. Of Nouns common, the following form the Plur. in D^ ; viz. pt*, stone, fDJ, vine, *]1*t, w^ay, 21, bear, Vnv, ram, iQy, bird, tiDm, juniper, \D2W, tribe: the following form the Plur. in ni ; viz. ^:«, ship, nm, sign, yia, earth, «^|JD, wing, pu;V, tongue, u;QJ, soul, p:?, eye, mr, evening, pip, horn, nu?p, bow, nn, spirit, am, street, nnir, sabbath, dnn, abyss. 4. Of Plural ter- minations, those in D^ frequently omit % and those in m omit i ; as iVo, king, pi. DoVa, or ddVo : n:)ion, image, pi. njian, for nijiDD. Some drop 'i or i in the penultimate; as iiQY, bird, pi. DnDy ; or, day, pi. D^i2\ and D^av : pio, contention, pi. D^na, L]:no, and "^ono : i^r, city, pi. Dn^i», d^i]?, and 8 ttiEBREW GRAMMAR. D''D*i:?. Some assuming t*, make D^t* and D*" ; as ""nv. goat, pi. Duv and D^i^^y ; -"Vn ornament, pi. D^-^bn and D■'^^V^ : ^nQ, credulous, pi. D^riQ, D''^nED, and D^t^nD. Some merely omit D ; as, *T^ hand, pi.- Dn^ and '''r>; fiVn, window, D^iiVn and ^:iVn : some combine both terminations ni, D'' ; as nan, high place, pi. DTiian ; and some, following the Chaldee, form the pL in p ; as pdVd for D^dVd, kings ; f^D'' for d^to\ days. Many nouns in Hebrew are only used in one number ; the names of metals, liquors, virtues, and vices, being generally not used in the singular ; and some signifying age or habit being not used in the plural ; but the Hebrew possesses some nouns which are superabundant, forming their plural in different terminations. Examples, l. Of nouns only used in the Singular ; viz. f)D3, silver, nn33, sulphur, ]"•% -wine, mnV, youth, pvy, calumny, &c. 2. Of nouns only used in the Plural ; viz. D''b'ira, virginity, D''3npT, old age^ nmy^, childhood, D^Qiby, youth, d"'3S, faces, D''"'n, life, &c. 3. Of nouns super- abundant, the following of the mas. gender have both plural termina- tions D', r^^-, viz. nN. ^n^<, lion, i3, back, -m3, troop, irr, age, bDirr, palace, nnr, sacrifice, pnar, memorial, dv, day, ny, wood, p^-[, spark, iio, urn, 1123, harp, nab, heart, •^^n^^, luminary, "i^an, fastness, Vraa, tower, cnan, suburbs, -|Di?3, restraint, lyio, meeting, U'pia, snare, minn, seat, p-iTD, bason, nNSn, grief, non, circuit, b^yo, track, ]^y?3, fountain, yvpD, corner, n^U'D, bed, pu'D, tabernacle, n"i2, habitation, i^ao, circuit, fp, threshold, J^^'^v■, rope, ^ly, iniquity, ipy, heel, ns, mouth, ps, breach, *, beautiful, f. ns\ Plur. '^ODita, f. ninu ; d^S'', f. ms\ Substantives have their gender determinable, either by the signification or the termination. 1. Nouns relating to the names and offices of males'\ and being the names^ of months, INFLEXION OF NOUNS. 9 rivers, mountaius and people are masculine ; those relating to the names and offices of lemales% and being the names'^ of countries, provinces, cities, or of the members of animals being double, are feminine. 2. Nouns ending in a radical, or fi, are masculine; those ending in n, n, when serviles, are feminine. The Neuter is generally supplied, in Hebrew, by the feminine. Examples. 1. Of Gender determined by the signification. jMas. ^fn. David; *|S-3, king; ^]D'''3, Nisan ; n"i% Jordan ; bons, Carmelj my, Hebrew, f em. '^n^n, Eve ; □?<, mother ; bTi:', wifej "^aiv, Arabia; IMTZZ', Samaria ; bna, Babel : i\ hand, "73-), foot, yv, eye. 2. Of Gender determined by the termination ; jNIas. Ti'n, darkness; riDyra, answer; mo, death ; 'bn, necklace ; iiarn, device. Fem. m^'iini wisdom ; n:2nb^f war ; nyn, knowledge ; mb'DO, folly. Exceptions. Of nouns having their gender generally determined by the termination, the following (though ending like mas. nouns) are fem. viz. pj^, bason, mm, arm, ni'Di^, viper, r3V^*, tinger, iiu^t*, step, ^^n^, ass, is^n, well, r>L2, belly, inn, knee, na, bath (a measure), pj, floor, nj, vat, m, statute, mn, sword, fo^ right hand, in'',, nail, *td, cask, 13^, talent, DO, cup, ""nV, cheek, nj^, splendor, V]JJ, shoe, n?D, flour, nr, cloud, u;^r, arcturus, mir, bed, mjV^'D, concubine, riD, morsel, \i^\', sheep, pDV, north, Vm, sheep, iVu;, fraud, pin;, hip, Vnn, world. The following are com. or used alike in the fem. and mas. viz. ""Jt^, ship, pit*, floor, nm, sign, "n:i, inclosure, fpT, beard, pVn, window, i?iy», lower story, nn?D, altar, n:no, camp, nvo, forehead, l^D, pot, t^iU'i, juniper, T'Otr, thorn, p:;, tooth, nm, razor: with the following, which are rarely used in the fem. : viz. Vm, stag, •i:in, clothes, fion, multitude, n^?, olive, /iiin, rope, *iion, ass, nV, heart, DnV, bread, po, shield, nipio. possession, DJ?, people, m:>, confusion, pp, horn, '.rn*!^, sceptre, nu?, flock: and the following which are rarely used in the mas. viz. fni^. stone, mt^, way, yi^? earth, u;t*, fire, fSJ, vine, m, bear, nVi, door, "jTr, way, mr, arm, iin, court, Vni% sheep, *t% hand, 5q:D, wing, pu;V, tongue, niLV^ rod, i:;d:, soul, pr, eye, i^r, city, ovr, bone, nj, time, DID, turn, msy, bird, nu,>p, bow, Vj-i, foot, nn, wind, nm, street, '?ii^u.>, grave, nntp, sabbath, mou;, sun, Dinn, abyss. The cardinal numbers from one to ten are jnas. under the feminine termination, and fem. under the masculine; but all 10 HEBREW GRAMMAR. numerals from twenty to a hundred are common. To the above nouns must be added several in n, which though ending as feminines are notwithstanding used in the mas. as nV^V, &c. 3. OF COMPARISON. The varieties of inflexion, in the Comparison of Adjectives, are generally supplied in Hebrew by particles. 1. In the Comparative Degree, by p, or p, before, subjoined to the Positive. 2. In the Superlative Degree, by i, among, sub- joined in like manner to the Positive. But a superlative absolute is also formed by a repetition of the Positive, or by subjoining to it Ti^D, very. Examples. V^*•'3^D r^na DDn, thou art wise before (or, wiser than) Daniel : nrrN ]?3 d^2U' Doio, two are good before (or better than) one. rrnrraa Tina u^^b, the lion strong among (the strongest of) animals, pay pay, very deep ; nxn 2^'o, very good. ARTICLES. The definite Article pr, the, is indeclinable*, occasionally possessing the force of the genitive and vocative". The Hebrew employs several particles'^ to supply the place of the other cases ; viz. ^ for h\i, to; n«, the, with the; p orp, from, out of; to which maybe added ''□s', with,}, in, through^ D, as, which follow the same analogy. But the possessive case^ is distinguished b5^ its juxtaposition to another noun^ ; which noun, if it end in n sing, changes this letter into n^, and if in D"" 'pliir. drops the final d"". Examples. *|ba, a king; "jbTan^, the king, ''of the king, O king: "■'•jbab, to the king, 'p-o n^f, the king, *|b?2Q, from the king, ^yu?-) oy, "With the wicked ; n^nn, in the house ; yy^, as a tree. «^v")J< '^I'^Oj king- of the earth : D^nu' mD'ra, kingdom of heaven : mn> min (for mins) law of the Lord ; viN '3Vq (for DObn*',) kings of the earth. PRONOUNS. 1. The Pronouns Substantive possess the following varieties of inflexion ; viz. 1*^ Person. 2d Person, SING. SING. Com. Fern. Com. ]Mas. Nora. ,jj^ ,p,^ I. Nom. ,;^^ ^^^^ ^^^ Thou. PLUR. PLUR. Com. Fem. Mas. Norn. =)3n:i:ro>* ^^'^- ^'om. .^j^ ^ns You. INFLEXION OF NOUNS. 11 3d Person. SING. PLUR. Fein. Maa. Fern. Mas. Nom. ^v-, ^;in He, She. Nom. ^;^ar, They. [ain the pointed Hebrew nbi, thou, is written, when mas. ri«, and when fern. n«.] The particles b, m^, n or nb, are used -with the Conjunctive Pro- nouns to supply the cases of the Personal Pronoun ; as, 1st Pefs. Sing-. '•? of or to me, •>n^H, me, ">r3n, from me ; Plur. lib, of or to us, "ism^, us, ")3aa, from us. 2d Pers. Sing, -p, of or to thee, *Jm^^, thee, *i7373, from thee : Plur. DDb, of or to you, Q•Dr\^s, you, dddq or d3q, from you. 3d Pers. Mas. Sing, lb, of or to him, imx, him, I3na, from him ; Plur, DHV, of or to them, Dm^^, them, qho, from them : Sing-, nb, of or to her, rtniN, her, n^oa, from her j Plur, ]nb, of or to them, ]n'\{i, them, jrro, from them. 2. Of Pronouns Adjective, the following are indeclinable, and as connected with the substantive and verb may be termed Conjunctives, to distinguish them from the preceding, which are properly termed Disjunctives. [sing.] 1st Pers. -> my. 1*^ Pers. ^^ our Fern. Mas. 2c? Pers. » thy. 2d Pers. p q^ your. Fern. Mas. 3c? Pers. ;^ ^ his, her. 3c? Pers. ) d their. [In the pointed Hebrew *j, thy, fern, is thus written rj , and the Plur. of the preceding Pronouns, which are pointed merely as used in the Sing, are thus expressed. 1st Pers. » my. 1*^ Pers, 2d Pers. 1, thy. 2d Pers. 3d Pers. n 1 his, her. 3d Pers. V. cii.t^eir.] The Conjunctive Pronouns are regularly connected with mas. nouns sing, as, nm, (from in) my word, ']n3'T, thy word, nn, his word mn, her word, i^ : Plur. u^^l^ some. By prefixing the usual prepositions the cnses of the above Pronouns are easily supplied ; as, ii^nV, whose, to who7n, -|U'j< nx, whom, ike. (nnb) 'nb, whose to whom ? (no) ""d Jis, whom ? &e. VERBS. Hebrew Verbs may be distributed into three classes; 1. Those which preserve the whole root in the Indefinite and Future. 2. Those which drop the first letter, after * in the Future. 3. Those which drop the middle letter, in the Inde- finite. They are inflected in the Future and Infinitive, as in the annexed examples. INFLEXION OF VERBS. 13 \.st Class. ladef. Future. Infinitive. ^?-x "itp: U'J J-.e deli\-ered. be will deliver. to deliver. nb: rh:: n'b: Le revealed. he "will reveal. 2cl CLASS. to reveal. he inhabited. he will inhabit. to inhabit. ^2: cr. "?3 he approaciied. he will approach. Sd CLASS. to approach. he stood. he will stand. to fetaad. ^ air liD he surrounded. he will surronnd. to surronnd. EXAMPLES AND EXCEPTIONS. Ut Class. — 1. With nc^i are classed the g-eneralitv of Hebrew- verbs; as, Indf. ip2 : fut. npr'5 inf. ipr; Indef. bap, fat. "^op' ; iof. bop. Several verbs of this class occasioually iusert i ia the Fut. and Inf.: as, tid'2"', iid?2. '2. With nb^ are classed verbs ending in n, (termed in Lamed-he») : as, Indf. n::-:i ; fut. r\D'2'' ; inf. r7::D : Indf. nbv : fut. nbv ; inf. npv . 2d Class. — 1 . With rc' are classed verbs beginning- with >, (termed in Pbe-jodj : as, Indf. -id^ ; fut. id"' ; inf. niD : but ■pn>, ]\i"', tz", Ti% u^T, occasionally prefix > to the fut. making bn", yz''"'', &c. and y-f, ib', nb% xv% Ti', un^ a"i", omit n in the lufia. or supply its place by n ; as, irr or nyn, for iiyi' 2. With '03, are classed verbs beginning with 3, (termed in Phe-nun) ; Indf. pn3 ; fut. bis i'^*'- ribn : likewise, npb ; fut. np'' : inf. nnp: and ynb ; fut. yrf; inf, .nyji. 3d Class. — 1. With rp are clas.^ed verbs having 1 or > in the middle, (termed in Ain-vau, or Ain-jod); as, Indf. 3-' ; fut. d""!"' ; inf. zry : Indf. b3 ; fut.b':' ; inf. b'3. 2. With no are classed verbs ending in a double letter, (termed verbs doubliug Ain) ; as Indf. b3 or bb: ; fut. bi3' ; inf. bi:. * The original paradigm of the Hebrew Grammar having been the verbbyEj the characters of this verb have been taken, iu their order, to designate other verb?, according to the letters in which they begin, end, &c. Thus Phe being the Jzrsf letter of bi'3, a verb beginning with jod or nun, is termed in Fhe-jod, or Phe-nun ; Ain being the second letter, a verb having jod or vau in the middle is termed in Ain-jod or Ain-vau: and Lamed being the ^^"fl/ letter, a verb ending in He or Aleph is termed in Lamed-he, orLamed-aleph. 14 HEBREW GRAMMAR. 1. OF MODE AND TENSE. Hebrew Verbs possess three Modes ; viz. the Indicative, the Infinitive, and the Imperative ; of which the Indicative possesses an Indefinite and a Future Tense, but the Infinitive and Imperative merely an Indefinite. As the Indicative (with the Inf. Imperat. and Particles) forms three Conjuga- tions*; viz. in the Active Kal, in the Passive Niphal, and in the Middle Hithpael ; the Potential is supplied by two Con- jugations, viz. in the Active Hiphel, and in the Passive Hophal. They are regularly formed from the Indef. the Fut. and the Infin. according to the annexed scale. [The pointed Hebrew adds to the above, an Active Conju- gation termed Piel, and a Passive termed Pual ; which are merely the Conjugative Kal with a different punctuation.] EXAMPLES. Active Voices Hiphil, Indef. ^Tcnrt he got delivered. Fut. T50;; r . .'.' ! ss ic^ >-'^ c . — X. "U ens VP S = ^ ^ as ^% I V Kal, Part. pres. I e '-■'" ,— - — Part. nast. he will get delivered. got delivered, delivering. [r- - — Part- past. j -p,-^ t. delivered. • Hebrew Grammarians have distributed the reg-ular verb into seven Conju;j:atiour>, which, with the exception of the first, are termed from the orig^inal paradig-n bys, according^ as this verb is differently inflected and pointed. 1. ''P' ^aZ, with an active force ; 2. ^^\ Niphal, its passive : 3. '"^P.^ Piel, with an intensitive force ; 4. ^C? Puat, its pasysive : 5. "J^^^n, Hiphil, with a causative force ; 6. ^^'^'^ Hophal, its passive; 7. '^??pn^', Hithpael, with a reflective force. As the fej^ular verbs are pointed alike ; by means of the vowels in those names, the points by which tlie Conjugations are distinguished, may be easily remembered. INFLEXION OF VERBS. Passive Voice. 15 '? Niphal, Indef. he 1. delivered. ■ t Fut. he will be delivered. 3 Part. pres. TDDJ o beiiig delivered. ^s n Hophal, iDdef. TDon tx'3 ' he is get delivered. l"^. , Fut. ^ ■^: 1=^ ' t»^^ he will be got delivered. Z'^ o "??? S^« T being got delivered. c Middle Voice. o rn Hithpael, Indef. he delivered himself. n: Fut. ■ocu?: ^ he will deliver himself. ^ Part. pres. TDonp Imperative and Infinitive, .delivering himself. • Kal, Imperat. Indef. 'tcq f. deliver ; to deliver. n Niphal, Imp. & Inf. Indef. iron H be delivered ; to be delivered. '■TT Hiphil, Imp. & Inf. Indef. ^ Tpon get delivered, to get delivered. to n Hophal, InBn. Indef. IDOT} to be got to deliver. 1 L nrj Hithpael,Imp. & Inf. Indf. TDnnrj I. '■ -deliver thyself, to deliver himself [The pointed Hebrew adds to the foregoing the subjoined conju- gations, which are merely Kal, with a different punctuation. Piel. (Active.) Pual. (Passive.) INDEF. he delivered INDEF. ■CO he was delivered. FVT. •ISP', ^ FUT. •©p: ^ he w'ill deliver ^ he will be delivered "£ PT.PRES. •>syxi i PT.PRES. ■^DOD 1 delivering being delivered •* INF. &IMPER. ■^ > INFIM. TBO •* to deliver. tobedeliveTcd. C2 10 HEBREW GRAMMAR. EXCEPTIONS. IN THE ACTIVE VOICE. Verbs (of the 1st Class) in Lamed-he, and (of the 3d Class) doubling Ain, drop ^ in Hiphil ; thus, nV:i, makes Hiph. indf. n'^jn; fut. r^hyy. pt. nb^o: Inf. rf^^n. no, makes Hiph. indf. 2pn ; fut. ap;: pt. app : Inf. apn. Verbs (of the 2d Class) in Phe-jod, change ^ into i, and those in Phe-nun drop :, in Hiphil, thus nm^ makes Hiph. indf. r^in; fut. a^iin' ; pt. atno : Inf. Tiriin: u^J J makes Hiph. indf. ^zj'arr ; fut. iij^*, pt. •c^^o : Inf. tj^sn. Verbs (of the 3d Class) in Ain-jod, Ain-vau, drop i in the pres. part. Kal ; as Dp pt. pres. o;? pt. past. aip. IN THE PASSIVE VOICE. Verbs (of the 2d Class) in Phe-jod insert ) after the first letter in Niphal and Hophal ; thus, nm*' makes Niph. indf. aizji3 ; fut. 3\Dv : pt. i^>i3 : Inf. iicvi : Hoph. indf. yi^n ; fut. yw ; pt. 3tt5iD. Inf. npin; but verbs in Phe-nun retain i, in the Indie, fut. and Inf. Niphal ; thus u;:ii makes Niph. fut. cjr; pt. ttj2a: Inf. \r:2n. Verbs (of the 3d Class) doubling Ain omit "i in Niphal, and change ^ of the fut. into i in Hophal; thus nno makes Niph. indf. apj; fut. ap^: pt. 303: Inf. apn: Hoph. indf. apin ; fut. ap^-* : pt. apita : Inf. apin. IN THE MIDDLE VOICE. Verbs of the 3d Class double their final letter in Hithpael ; thus Dp makes Hithp. indf. npipH'^ ? f^t. noipnS pt. opipno: Inf. npvnn. Verbs, of every class, which begin uith the sibilants, D, u;, T, y, transpose these letters between nn, prefixed to this voice; but change n into "r after r, and into \d after y ; as. no, Hithp. indf. aairipn; fut. aainp:; pt. aainpn: far, Hithp. indf. ps^; fut. p^r; pt. |wip : I"f« ]rDi!jn- But Verbs beginning with 1, 'Xi, n, J, omit n of the prefix, before those letters, [which in the pointed Hebrew are absorbed by Dages :] as, nai. Hithp. indf. >T3in; fut. i|t ; pt. -i3TO. The Imperative Mode is the same as the Infinitive ; but Verbs of the 2d Class drop n in the Imperative; as nu;\ Imper. a\^ ; ^Ji? Imper. t:. INFLEXION OF VERBS. 17 2. OF NUMBER AND PERSON. The Tenses of Hebrew Verbs are regularly inflected in number and person, according to the subjoined scheme. 1 pers. c. „. pers- "irpn- c. . INDICATIVE MODE. Indefinite PLliR. SING. 4 per<. 3 pers. 1 pers. 2 pers. 3 pers. 1 ■y-i •■CD •159 •^^9 -nCO- -.CQ KAL. -cp- --cp- •"F?- "">?Q" --C*?- -Cp-2 XIPH. ■^• --ppn- -pDn- -TCp- ■nrp- ir;:p-r| HIPH. T?' -n^Q' -TCO- ■■^" -^rrs- irp-rt JHOPH. •-cp- -n^- i -nsa- nSO- ■irr3- nrT2-nn HITHP. f- ;r!- m. en c.r i 1 C. ,.T,. f. p,- m. RI- f.n ^- Future. P1.U R. SING. 2 pers. 3 pers. 1 1 pers. 2 pers. 3 pers. , ■n -n ■n -'» 9 ■n -n -n -; : -ipo -nrp- -■pn* -pg- Tbp- •TCQ- -CD. 'nt?- KAL. ■T?'- ■•^■ ■y^- ■^^ •^■ •TQ- t:^- IPD- MPH. 7?P. •■»'?9: -iro" --irp- 1'^- "T^l '''^' iro- HIPH, -TTp^ -nrti- ■"cp- -Tcp- iro- -■)cp-^ "cp- ^^■ HOPH. ■vron- -iDon -lopn— \c:pn- -lEon- -nron- n^rrsn- i^ton- HITHP. f.-c- miV f. nr m. ,- c . if.,m.V f. * .■ IMPERATIVE iMODE. PLUR. SING. 2 pers. •■^tp- -cp- 2 pers. KAL. ■^:=^- ■^vo; i ■^; ■^^•n. XIPH. ■1-n- ^Vo- i 1W icp-rr IHIPH. ••^'5- m. , HITHP lu iu fleeting the above tenses, the termination, which is placed iu the lowest line, and which is common to all the Conjugations, is added to the diflferent persons, proceeding from the right hand to the left j as, Indef. Kal. Sing. 3 p. m. ido. f. mnn: 2 p.m. mDO, f. mro : 1 p. -Ti-iDO, cfec. But in the Indefinite, the characteristick of the conjuga- tion placed on the right side of the line 3, rr, nri; must be prefixed to C 3 18 HEBREW GRAMMAR. every person ; as, Niph. Indef. Siu^. 3 p. m. ncni, f. niDas : 2 p. m. rnD02, f mD03 : 1 p. •'mDns, &c. Aad in the Future, the character - istick of the person ••, n, x, 3, placed on the upper line, must be, in like manner, prefixed to every person ; as Kal. Fut. S'mg;. 3 p. m. nnn*, f. iv~2r\ : 2 p. m. noan, f. nvori : 1 p. nonj^. An asterism in the lowest line indicates that the pers. admits of no increase ; as Kal. sing. 3 p. m. jndf. idq: fut. -iDa\ [To the above tenses, the pointed Hebrew adds the Connjugations, Pie! and Pual, which are inflected like Kal, but take Dages in the se- cond radical. The Indefinite of both conjug-ations is pointed like that of Kal ; but that the Jirst radical of each instead of (^) retains its characieristick vowel; viz. Piel (.) and Pual (J, as; Pi. "CO, Pu. ^?P' The Future (with the imperative) of Piel takes the final vowels of Hith- pael ; as, fut. "^n)p^, imper. "'?'?: but the Future of Pual (which wants the lanperative) takes those of Hophal, unless that the first radical re- tains the characteristic vowel iO of the conjugation, as, '''5'PN These conjug-ations may be consequently supplied with ease, Irom the above scheme.] EXCEPTIONS. IN THE PREFIX t^, OF THE FUTURE. Verbs beginning with t^, (termed in Phe-aleph) omit this letter after the prefix of the Future ; as Fut. 1 p. sing. b:fii, lor bDx^. IN THE TERMINATIONS BEGINNING WITH J, D. Verbs ending in :, n, drop those letters, in order to prevent a repetition of the same letter in the terminations, iJ, n), and n, Ti, on, |n : [marking the omission by Dages] as Kal. ^33, Fut. 3 p. f. pi. n2J2n, for n^m-^: Kal. n^Q, Indf. 2 p. sing, to, for nnp ; I p. '•nn, for ""nno: foi omits \ also before n. IN THE TERMINATIONS OF VERBS ENDING IN H, ^<. Verbs of the 1st Class, ending in n (except nn:j, non, hqd, n:ii,) change this letter into ">, before the terminations begin- ning with a consonant, but omit it before those in 1, and change it into n before those in n. The same analogy is observed in the Imperative ; as, INDEFINITE. ■% "•^? ■^3 w^-3 KAL. NIPH 12 V °o"- ■V V n- n" n" * 1 •3 INFLEXION OF VERBS. future. n •• 1 ■« •n -n '').^ ■'^\ nb: ">^ ^?, ■^3 •V nba rhi' nVr "2 H • 1 ; • IMPERATIVE. i! '73 1? ^'? 1 KAL. il V )r rt?2n NIPH np V / • 19 nb2 KAL. NiPH. After the form of Niphal are inflected Hiphil, Hoplial and Hithpael ; by substituting n. n, nrt. for the prefix J in the Inde- finite ; and annexing the proper characteristicks in the Future : [Piel and Pual follow the inflexion of Kal ; and each Conju- gation should be assigned the regular pointing.] Verbs ending in fc^, frequently follow the same analogy ; omitting the final «, or changing it into n; as, Indf. 1. p. -n^jo, for \n«:|>o ' Fut. 1 . p. rhy for irp]. IN THE TERMINATIONS OF VERBS ENDING IN A DOUBLE LETTER. Verbs of the 3d Class (doubling A in) assume i before the terminations beginning with n, j ; but ^ before those in nj. Indefinite, '2D '30 -3D: '3C-. '12V ^nv Dni- ■3D -3D "20- •2D-. •V >nv ■3D -30 -3D- 2D- : : ni- nV IMPERATIVE. 3D- n- 3D2 KAL. NIPH. 30 -3D- 31D •3D- V 31D •3D- 3^D 2srr KAL. NIPH. After the form of Niphal are inflected Hiphil, Hophal and Hithpael, by substituting n, in, nn for the prefix 1 in the indefi- nite ; and annexing the proper characteristicks in the Future : which makes 2 and 3 p. pi. nrjsn. Verbs of the same class, (in Ain-vau, Ain-jod,) follow the 20 HEBREW GRAMMAR. analogy of the above verbs in the Indef. Niphal, but are regularly inflected in Kal ; as, Kal. Indef. sing, op^, rrop^: nrss, nop: >npp. : pi. top,, &c. reg. Niph. Dips, rro"^?;: nioT?, nio^s : Wp3,*&c. as 3d:. [Piel and Pual, in all verbs of the 3d Class, following the analogy of Hithpael, double the final radical; as Piel, saio: Doip ; Pual, anio: Dpip. In both Con- jugations, as appears in these examples, the vowel (0 absorbs the proper characleristicks (.) and (. ), and is preserved through all the persons of the Indf. and Fut.] The above exceptions, (which relate almost exclusively to verbs which begin or end with the characteristic vowel of a prefix or termination) being set out of the case, all Verbs may be inflected, in Person, and Number, regularly, according to the prefixed scheme, {supr. p. 17.) [Verbs of the second class, in Phe-nun, as they drop the first radical, omit the vowel point (,) with which it is properly attended ; as, Indf. Niph. t??? (for tea:?) ; Hiph. 'Qs^ip_, (for t:\::n) : but in Hoph. they follow the common pointing of Pual ; as \c2n, for wmh: and in Kal, they substitute (-), for () under the second radical, which is changed into (••), when a vowel is subjoined by inflecting; as Fut. 3 p. ^jy, (for ^jy), f. ^ran, (for tJS:ri) : 2 p. f. ^ppn, (for >tp3:n), pi. 2 p. m. wsn, (for iirpsn), &c. Verbs in Phe-jod take under the two first letters, Fut. Kal. the point (-), which is changed into (0, under the first radical, when a vowel is added in inflecting ; as, Fut. 3 p. ^x^_, f. atfn, 2. p. a\pn, f. >nc:n, &c. : in the Indef. they are regularly pointed^ as 1% m-©;, &c. The pointing of Niph. Hiph. Hoph. have been already described : in Piel, Pual, Hithpael, verbs of the 3d Class are regularly pointed.] The Irregular Verbs of the Hebrew language are properly those which, from beginning in ^ or :, and ending in n, exhibit a defect in the first and last radical. But the irregu- larity of those verbs creates no difficulty ; as they follow verbs in Phe-jod, or Phe-nun, as far as respects the first radical, arid those in Lamed-he, as far as respects the second ; they are thus easily reduced under the exceptions of verbs to the 1st and 2d Class, according as the irregularity to which they are INFLEXION OF VERBS. 21 subject consists in the formation of their tenses or persons, which always depends on the innitial or final letters. Of Imperfect Verhs the Hebrew possesses a considerable number ; as the only book in which the language is extant contains but a comparatively limited number of examples in which a verb is exhibited in every variety of inflexion. The defect of these verbs may be, of course, legitimately supplied, by analogy ; on following the rules already laid down for the formation and inflexion of the three classes, under which they may be easily reduced, and according to the scheme of which they may be regularly inflected. Of Impersonal Verbs, tr, or nir"', sometimes written \e>», only requires to be noticed. It is invariable, and equally signifies, it is, and they are, being indiflferently used in both numbers. The Auxiliary Verb requires a more detailed description, on account of the use to which it is applied, in supplying the place of compound tenses. It is accordingly inflected as follows : Indicative, .rrviJ j n3"rrn vr^r\ \ n2"nn vn^ Infinitive. rr'irr Part, nvn, th, n\n ixdef. In Niphal occurs Indef. HMi and Part. pres. n^i: : but the other tenses and conjugations are not in use, and the final n of the Fut. Kal. is frequently omitted. The analogy of this verb is likewise followed, by n^n, he lives. [Both r^^ and rrn are pointed as verbs in Laraed-he.] Having thus far treated of the Inflexion of Nouns and \^erbs, it only remains that we should consider their depen- dance upon one another in composition. Those parts of Speech which are included under the common term Particles will be found classed and explained in the Vocabulary annexed to the present Gramatical Analysis ; their use and influence upon the other parts of speech are particularly discussed in the sub- joined section. .Ti^n ri^n j nn\T rr^n IXDEF, .n^N 'Vir> r^^ryr^ \ n^'nry n\T FUT. ' Imperative. n3"rr rn : "n n^n I.VDEF. 22 HEBREW GRAMMAR. III. OF SYNTAX. As in the order of discussion, the first part of Inflexion respects the variation of Nouns, the first part of Syntax respects their agreement or concordance. OF NOUNS. The Adjective^ (whether it be noun", pronoun'' or parti- ciple*^,) agrees with the substantive'', which it qualifies, in gender and number. Examples. »D5n**p. a wise son: *nbna '^^r\r^/, a great woman ; »nQVur'*p{<, a just weight, ''onrr D^n^a, in these days; *=")n35 <^»1D2, chosen silver 5 *^r)'?3u'n nu'x, an intelligent woman. Exceptions. 1. If the Adjective* qualifies two or more substantives'*, connected by a coputative, it is put in the plural, 2. If those substantives are of different genders, it is put in the masculine plural*^ ; it, however, frequently agrees with the noun*^ which is nearest. 3. If the word thing be the sub- stantive agreeing with the adjective, it" is put in the feminine most commonly'*. Numerals in the Sing.^ are joined with plur, substantives ; and contrariwise, in the plur.^ with sing, sub- stantives ; and when numerals of both numbers are joined, the substantive agrees with the smaller''. Examples. 1. =»D'Ni3n nnbu' '''iii ^^2J<, I and my Son Solomon having sinned. 2. '^O'aiu mvm D'pn, good statutes and precepts, •^^nnni ''B^< ^n'^n'i, my anger and my fury poured out. 3. ^nyn 'by Dnn^rn Dn^<, you conceived against me evil ; ^nwp "isriN in, he spoke with us harsh things : (nnb mfvr\ ^^nio Nb, it is not (a) good (thing) that the man should be alone.) oobD*^nynj<, four kings ; hdu' b'Qi-iu'y, twenty years : (D'pnv D^u'on, fifty just persons.) u^'n ^nu'om D'3Dir, eighty and 6ve men ; rrau; Donu;i''\yVu', eighty and three years. The Noun in regimen*^ precedes the substantive which it , governs, by its change of termination, by the particle n, or merely by its juxtaposition. The Adjective" generally follows the substantive which it qualifies ; but numerals" are indifferently prefixed or subjoined to their substantives, and have that^ which expresses the smallest number generally placed first. Examples, bxiu'^ =''2pT, the elders of Israel; O'^nn ayy* ^^^ tree of SYNTAX OF NOUNS. 23 life: D^n* *1iN5 length of days, ^nprrr n^ thestronghand ; Ninrr Dva, In that day; ^]>nD ii, an intelliiyn ra^b^, all his days (were) nine and sixty years and ninety years. In simple or absolute comparison, likD is used to express very'', and a repetition of the positive'' to express most ; m is used to express much", and 7«d m, 7Ha T^rnco^: PI- 3 p. c. ^-^i 2 p. m. cm^n?'- '• p-s: 1 P- c- w^do''- Fut. 3 p. m. •T^r,"'^ tion as follows ; us, me -,2 >3 thee .-, Tj her, him -^ i;^ you -p 23 them ■)D 2 p. f. n:"6Dn'^' lofin. and Imper. ifurjl : in conjunc- he gave- she gave, thou g.ivest. I will give. Give ; to give. >n-r«D<^« us, me •^.1 I (thoii) gave. W thee •n-1- they gave. 1 ^•Ti;rps her, him ■^^ \ ye gave. ^D^.^ you *?.°5. we gave. v: .: ^icon'^ them l.=. ye will give. [Exceptions. In the subjoined instances there is a depar- ture from the simplicity of the preceding form ; the 3d pers. of the Indef. changing its pointing, on the one hand ; and the Fut. Infin. and Imperat. taking conjunctives which prefix not only ; , but 2... n.., on the other. us, me I will give. you •J3 D3 he gave. her, him "•" ' 1 Give. us, me •^3 'I she gave them '^ To give. them, thee •°, n.. she gave. It must be observed, that, in the right compartment, the verb is only used with the pronouns in the same line, as ap- pears from the omission of the bracket,] The Disjunctives. ''J^*, nntk, ^*^^, &c. are merely used when the Pronoun^ which modifies the Verb, is in the nomina- tive. Consequently when a preposition or like particle comes D 26 HEBREW GRAMMAR. between the verb and pronoun, the latter*' must be a conjunc- tive, and assigned the force of a substantive. The Disjunc- tives'^ are, on the other hand, sometimes assigned the force of adjectives, in which case, they follow their substantives, and take an article. Examples, ynbs m,T*^^3^<, I (am) the Lord thy God; bs ]n3 "ln^f^•^ U'^'sri ^nriN Tn, and Nathan said unto David, thou (art) the man ; nn^'i i>K^r^ mns and he said, it (is) the Lord ; ^N^rr ^mnx, she (is) my sister; ^^b ia!<, I will tell (to) him ; ^"p QbiV', he -will repay (to) tbee; wribs n?ry *nr\>f nu^N bDi ^'I^Vj God is with thee, in all that thou doest : ^on^bK 'jbu'^f, I will send thee unto them. '^NVin nv^, in that time; Dnn D''Q''a, in those days. The Reciprocal Pronoun is supplied in Hebrew by the Dis- junctives, the third person* Win, b^""*"! being subjoined, with such a force, to the first and second. A reciprocal force is also expressed by the word^ Dy]?, applied to things, and mD), applied to persons. Examples. ^Kin>3J<— IWNt ni.T^3N, I the Lord, the first, — I myself; Obo 'Mn nriN, thou thyself art my king, nirr Dvn Dvya, in that very same day ; biu^sji ni.T Oin yntra, the Lord God has sworn by himself. Pronouns Adjective, with reference to composition, are distinguishable into two kinds; viz. Conjunctive and Dis- junctwe. The former may be so called, from their close con- nexion with the substantive ; as they are united with it in one word : the latter may be so called, from their remote reference to it, as standing by themselves. Of the former kind are the Conjunctives already described, as united, with the force of substantives, to the verb ; of the latter kind are all other pro- nouns with which substantives can be connected, as adjectives. Of Pronouns Adjective, 1. The demonstrative*^ present no difficulty in the construction ; and, as in English, they acquire distributive force when opposed to one another''. 2. The pos- sessive pronouns present no other difficulty, than that it is not at first obvious, whether they are to be understood in an active'^ or passive'* signification ; which is only to be determined by the sense or context. Examples. l.'o^yu'T '^nbN n3n, lo ! these (are) the wicked. ^Trr'Nip^i ^Ttt bN, and the one (this) said to the other (that) : ^rhn 33na ^nbN SYNTAX OF PRONOUNS. 27 t)ti"'Di, these in a chariot, those on horses. 2. r\ti ■•nynu'— mn^ ID?* n3 '^inbsn, thus saith the Lord — I have heard thy prayer : n^an D^nnnwi '*^*i'7Dn, and I will exhilarate in the house of my prayer. [The difficulty which attends the construction of the Posses- sive Pronouns in the pointed Hebrew, and which arises from the change that the Noun undergoes, in its connexion with the Conjunctive, may be easily overcome by attending to the fol- lowing scale, which is constructed on the same principle as that of the Verb and Conjunctive (supr. p. 25.) and is to b.e read, or decyphered, in the same manner. Examples, ^ai^ word ; ^^, king ; n2p^p> Aock ; -n^j strait ; njrT^? *'*&^t; -p3i«, earth : in copj unction as follows: Plur. Sing. my » "^m "^ords. my » nm word. her, his ^y^ 3'^ kings. 3j^ flocks. thy her, his n. % Dbo king. :p3 flock. our ^:^^ " .^!n^ straits. our ; ' j^ns strait. your |3>_ c3> their »n^ z:tv niim rights. nioi« earths. your their 1°, np^ii right. noT« earth. Exceptions. Nouns having a mas. termination change the vowels of their two first radicals into (:•) when prefixed to the plural conjunctives d3, ]3, en, jn ; as ^- DDn^T 5 '3- c^^?.'?^] Participles, in their connection with the same Pronouns, follow the analogy of nouns ; but that they assume 2 before .% and H before \ after the analogy of verbs ; as, Pt. pres. sing. 'P^P^O, giving me ; ^?piQ, giv- ing thee ; ^">cnQ or i^^io, giving him ; Plur. 'IP^'^^ giving me ; ^!!9'"2, giving thee, &c. Pt. past, sing. Vl^DO, having given me ; 'j^''^? having given thee ; y^OO having given thee, &c. [They are regularly pointed when in conjunction, as in the foregoing examples : Pt. pres. "'P'"-' j P*« past, "1^ : but before ^> D3, |3, the second radical changes (,) into t^°. As either term^ is modified by different prepositions, it expresses, to (with, against) him who, her who, them who, &c. The genius of the Hebrew will admit of the relative's being suppressed*! even more frequently than would be tolerated in English, con- sistently with the propriety of the language. EXAMPLES. 1. nnyua ^^^^n *]^3'l, and thy strang-er who is within thy gates: nny nnn2 ^~\z^h nu'^n, the woman whom thou gavest (to be) with me : Dn^asb D'UTi ^-\Wii D'USU'nn rha, these (are) the judgments which you shall set before your faces : bii^^aw \:)'npr\rt^ bDi, and all that Samuel had consecrated : 'jb ^m^m ''3N1' ^nn im, and the word which he will shew me, I will declare to thee : PNin wy r\Vi^r\ nbn DTTN, these (are) the generations of Esau, who (he) is Edora. 2. ninyi "rrt YH '^"lU'N IV D^pnn, and he stood in a narrow place wherein (in which) no way (was) : b^ity' ^33 im hu'N rii'-\r:i ■•a rran, these (are) the waters of strife, at which the children of Israel strove : dddu' du.' n'pni'i lyow^ Nb ^i^a, and let us confound there their tongue, whereby they will not understand. 3. crntn ]n npV STI'n nVvn n^, the rib that he had taken from the man : nin> Nin'^ i\vn nr\b i^n, he told them that he was a Jew : 1200 'it nii'-ii, in the net w hich they hid : >V ^~nv^ 'ii oy, the people which I formed for myself. 4, n^n^ii' '^f^^r rr\Ti' '^no, that which is (is) that which shall be ; nuru' \H^r^ nxDV^i"^ ''nn, that which is done (is) that which shall be done, up''^ "'Dn^ian wn^ they who transgress causelessly shall be shamed; ma nu'N "Nin D\ib.vn U'^x nnN"""), and he said (it is) the man of God, he who disobeyed ; ^-\^Hb tiDV ^D^fn inn by, and Joseph said to him who (was) over his house: m>T niD VN-)>y , the secret of the Lord (is) with those fearing (them who fear) him ; y-| >tt'yi'' mrr^ ^3d, the face of the Lord is against those doing (them who do) evil. bySM nnu'i bs'% and he is fallen into the trench SYNTAX OF PRONOUNS. 29 1[ which) he has made : ynu'H "•nyr s\ ns\i', the tongue (which) I know not I will hear ; tt^i |n3 ib ti^^ bD', and all (which) was his, he gave into his hand : 'V mn' rnr'y ^irn "nnyi, because of that (which) the Lord did to me. Of Indeterminate Pronouns, the Hebrew generally sup- plies the use by other pronouns, or nouns, which present no difficulty in the construction. Thus Vd expresses all, whole, every^ ; f^, no, none^ ; "tD fH, not any thing''; ^*^^, the same^; "int^, another, other^ ; noit^a, any thing, something^; on^iir, hoth^. A repetition of a noun in the sing, expresses each^; but in the plur. expresses many^; '':oVt>* ^jVd, 5-«cA and such\ &c. tii>^5 Vd, all that which^; ^^« a'^^*, who- ever^; iu?i^ lP''^*, whosoever"^; Ti>^^ U?^N Vd, t£.7iai ?nan soever""; not^n Vd, a«i/ ^/jzng- whatever, all whateve}-°, ; rra, neither (was) the governour of the prison house looking to any- thing whatever (which was) in his hand. 0( Pronouns Interrogative, ^n, who, is used disjunctively^, rjo, what, conjunctively^ or disjunctive!}''; the former being applied to persons, the latter to things ; though this rule is not without exceptions^. The latter of those pronouns is sometimes joined with D, and thus expresses, how many, how greaV; and both are frequently modified by V, n, o, and other b 3 30 HEBREW GRAMMAR. prepositions^ Whose? of whom? to ^ from, and with whom? are rendered by ^''dV, ""Da, ^a Vt*, ^a nt«* ; though le'Aose is sometimes expressed merely by subjoining ""a to its antece- dent\ Examples. D3"i^n riNT irpi ^^n, who has sought this at your hands ? ns^Siyn ay2 nbi^ ^■'O, who (are) these (that) fly as a cloud? t33\r'n 'Tra rihv lU'X u;'xn, what sort of a man (is he) who came up ? nynnn b"ip *^nD Dnnyn rrsnni nrn nbn^n, what (is the) noise of this g-reat shouting- in the camp of Hebrews ? iddn *nnni D2b nxuva cnra, what shall I do for you, and with what shall I expiate? y^w **"'D, what (is) your name? *]"n ^au' 'a> ^nna, how many (what are) the days of the years of thy life? D^ij waT ^nnb, for what (why) did the heathen rag-e ' ynx ^1031 n^tt'T'N O, and by what (whereby) shall I know, that I shall inherit it ? INvn oyn nui33 '^•'O byi, and with whom hast thou left those few sheep ? iiy ^3-1 *'nn by, for what (why) should ye be stricken any more? S'nV *|^3D nV^ B'nbi *]bn nSN nn^<, whose (art) thou, whither wilt thou go, and whose (are) these before thy face? h')''H S'-on 'yu''! mx mn^, the Lord (is) my light and my salvation, from whom shall I fear? ^y^--^ ^^n ^K ibn^i, to whom art-thou-like in thy greatness ? hVn ids r'< ^^ "^f> ^^^^ whom (are) not (the same) as these? ''nnp^ ■•a '^Tiom ^nnpb •'O *'-|W TipU'y s-iD nj<, whose ox have I taken, and whose ass have I taken, whom have I defrauded ? OF VERBS. [ In Concordance. 1. Every Verh^ has a noun^% (either a I substantive or a pronoun, expressed, or understood.) for its no- I minative, with which it agrees, in number, person, and gender. \ 2. If two or more nouns'^ singular are nominative to a verb, it must be plural ; provided they are connected by a conjunc- tion copulative, and their joint force falls on the verb*^, by which they are followed. 3. If two or wore nouns', of dif- ferent persons, are nominative to a verb*^, it must agree with that in the first person, rather than that in the second ; and with that in the second, rather than that in the third. All substantives are of the third person ; pronouns only can be of the first or second as well as of the third. Examples. 1. •>b ''-inNn— •'b^< =ni a^rtburt ''u;>n, a man of God came unto me, and said unto me ; rTU''^f a-iONm I'nu'Nn ^szin\ and the woman came, and told her husband. 2. <']v'7Di clibno nn^U' oa ''"ina^i, and IMahlon and Chiliondied also both of them. 3. hNUTi '^r\n e^'in enMNi DDin^nD ]iy ns, and thou and thy sons with thee shall bear the iniquity of thy priesthood. SYNTAX OF VERBS. 31 Exceptions. 1. If two or more nouns of the same person govern a verb''^, and are connected or disjoined by a conjunc- tion, the verb may agree with that which is next it^, or that which is most worthy"^. 2. When a collective noun*^ singular governs a verb^, it may be put in the plural ; particularly if the nominative governs another noun^ in the plural. 3. The relative^ must be made the nominative to the verb'' if no noun comes between them ; and if it agrees with a pronoun', it go- verns the verb in the person of the substantive. Examples, 1. imn vji >u'3"i ^nz's^ rsni ^ns ^nv^', and Noah came out, and his sous, and his wife, and his sons' wives with him ; tnuxn rf'iiNb ^rrnn nnb'i} the wife and her children shall be her master^s: ■nirrnr onioi — nsbon t-iriDN a^riDni, and E>ther the queen ^vrote, — and Mordecai the Jew. 2. vin>f "^cyrr bs ^iby^i, and all the people came tip after him : )'^'\]h pi2SV3 ^W'iZ' '^lEDOij and number of years are hid- den from the oppressor. 3. *|nin ]o ^"ii^UTr sncj^ M^ain y'2":''"i, and the prophet heard who broug-ht him back out of the way: n^n^ i'DJJ^ anv^ V'iN*2 '^Y^^*"''^ 5-i-r^[ i^rrbN, I am the Lord thy God, who brought thee out of the land of Esrypt ; ^mo ^i'~s 'N'r» c\n'TN cn noN'i, and he said, (it i>) the man of God, he who disobeyed. In Regimen, 1. The Noun^ on which the force of a Verb Active^ passes is put in the accusative, and generally has the particle n^ prefixed ; unless it expresses some tendency to, when it (generally"^) takes the particle V^* before ii^. 2. The Noun* by which a Verb Substantive^ is succeeded, is put in the same case as that by which it is preceded ; but if it signi- fies possession, it takes the particle V^* before the noun^ which follows. 3. The Noun^ by which a Verb Passive' is succeeded is governed by the preposition fD, V, which designates the agent; but that*" by which it is preceded is frequently attended with the particle nt*, which designates the patient, or sufferer. Examples. 1. 'o^nurr fMi anV^f ''nii rfZ'N')2, in the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth, (=C7j< D^nbs ^Ni:i, God created man ;) criN mpn ^bD ns ^^b ^n•'T^ — '^pv bK ''i^n'i, and they came to Jacob — and told him all that befell to them : (''a^^ ^mn in'r^n, hath restored (to) the debtor his pledge). 2. mm ^irrn ^-in\T viNHi, and the earth was a chaos and vacuity: ^nbSNb ^ttt ddV, to you it shall be for food : gib f-vi/^ b3, all that he has. 3. ^onvn p ibn^i, and he was wounded by the archers : '']".-t ]o hybl3, they are saturated with wine : '^obiSDb irati'D n\r?0 'nn, and it came to paiss, when it was heard by Sanbalat ; -jbo nu mnth "^i^yn nN i]n^ri Nb, this city shall not be deli- 32 HEBREW GRAMMAR. vered into the hand of the king : (yn\y yavn i^bn"''), and thy barns shall be filled with plenty.) The Yevh" on \\hich the force of another Verb** passes is put in the Infinitive Model the sign to being expressed in Hebrew, by different prepositions. 1. If the Infinitive can be rendered or turned by to, of, or for, and the present-participle" it requires V before it ; if it can be rendered by from, and the same participle"*, it requires D ; and if by iV, it requires 3, before it : but if the phrase can be turned by when and the present tense^, the Infinitive then assumes D, before it. 2. The Infinitive^, not unfrequently with n or n subjoined, is used as a substantive, in the same manner as the present participle is used in English. It is not only used for the participle^, but, by an eliptical construction, for any mode or tense' of the Verb. Examples, nynnn ^laa ^n^D^rr, do well to sing with rejoicing. 1. ninp bD by '^nirsbi 'b ^inab 'bN ^wt Nbi, and they shall not approach to me, to officiate, nor to approach any of my sanctifications : Mq't ^iDbnb nnxi O'lmN nDirn, and he died in the forty-first year of his reign- ing : '^pinu'b nyi '^msnb riy, (there is) a time for weeping and a time for laughing: onab •^b^surrn on^i^y "^mNnn nia o, for he hath closed their eyes from seeing, and their ears from hearing : Dis HDO ^"iKnn, in his coming from Padan-aram. "^barr '"iiN '^iDuo n^n^ and it shall be, when my lord the king lies down: NTpNi ^bip ^^nnn2 'nn, and (it) was, when I raised my voice and cried. 2. g^mpi g^nnu? nyr nr\Sf thou knowest my down-sitting, and my up-rising : bDND '^b^N ]3n YV ban, of every tree of the garden eating thou shalt eat, (i. e. thou shalt surely eat): n^wyn unnn ny ^•^)^Dn ^^ibn D'-nm, and the waters (were) depart- ing and decreasing until the tenth montli ; (i.e. continually decreased) : Pres. nn blN D^y\n, the wicked (are wont) to lie in wait for blood : Indef. 'i"iu;i ijn, and the house of Israel will not hear : n^f, and that God would destroy me (would be willing and de- stroy me). 2. nnnnn p rriv ria nbif *^^D''"i, and he again sent, (added to send) a dove from the ark; i^mvn isnb *^n\f3n, shall we again in- fringe (return to infringe) thy precepts, nnaa nnia nnn *=imn bN, do not repeatedly talk .(multiply (nor) talk) very proudly. nyiE) bs im 1^b^^ hn8'3N ixifa bD — , speak to Pharaoh all that I (am) speaking to thee : iw'd^v gDn^< nu^v ^n■^^T mo ab, the thing (is) not good which jou (are) doing : mu'i fnna-v gN\m, and she (was) sitting in the field : ^n» ^ibirr gxim, and he (was) going bare-foot. The Passive Voice is very generally used in Hebrew, but is not attended with the same difficulties which attend it in other languages, as it generally expresses each tense, without having recourse to the auxiliary and participles. When a Compound Tense is used, (as in expressing the Present^,) the Auxiliary is generally omitted : the Participle is subject to the rules which govern adjectives, and accordingly agrees with the noun*^ which governs the auxiliary. Examples, "^bn Dua ''nnDJ i^i^n nriD o, for the writing which is writ- ten in the name of the king : '\^v'2. '3nD3i, and it was written in a book ; vn-ynb '"^^ns' ^"i^ ibnn by dn, if (it seemeth) good to the king, it shall be written to destroy them. '^Db ^iiy I'DnDa, thy iniquity (is) marked before me ; >2n '*nb32') yj-: '"•"•"fj '"y ^'"^^ ^^^^ departed, and has passed- forth from me. 1. The Middle Voice^^ which is expressed by the Conjuga- i\ovL Hithpael, is used in Hebrew to supply the place of Re- ♦ The time is changed, from future to past, by van conversive. SYNTAX OF VERBS. 35 flective Verbs, and is accordingly employed when the action of the verb reverts on a reciprocal pronoun. The construction of verbs in this voice'' is attended with no difficulty, as they are active verbs having a pronoun of the same number and person as that by which they are governed, supposed to follow tliem. 2. Of a nature nearly allied to the former is the Conjugation Hiphii*", with its Passive Hophal*^, which express an action, not merely performed, but ordered, or procured by means of the agent. Verbs in this conjugation are accordingly rendered by the infinitive; the verb to make, to get, &c. being prefixed, in the proper tense of the verb expressed in the original, [The Conjugation Piel*, with its Passive PuaF, is even less difficult in the construction ; as it is regularly rendered by a verb in the Active or Passive Voice, but qualified by the ad- verbs, intensely, vehemently, &c.] 3. Participles^ generally retain the government of the verbs from which they are de- rived : they are not unfrequently followed by a noun*" in re- gimen. Examples. 1. *b3n'i n3\r»i )'\t )D nu?n, and he drank of wine, and was drunk, and uncovered-hiraself: w, r : "Ti", n-, Dniprin^, he-raises- himself, thou-raisest-thyself, I-raise-myself, they-raise-themselYes, &c. 2. DH^sn n^n•' cnb^n IU'n d^13D, as the nations which the Lord made-to- pass-away before their faces : m^rf "jbo n^:2> cy '•nnb^n nu'N nb:in oy, ■with the deportation which was-made-to- pass-away with Jechoniah king of Judah. [inpiS ^r^k^ a^i:in 'yrS in the eyes of the nations he hath-intensely-revealed his righteousness ; ^rh-nn nriVj a^ni? and Huz- zab was-led-away-forcibly, she wa>-ordered-to ascend.] — n^^^' ')T2H ro 'ny n^< gn^ynrr r:''];^'\n by, thus saith the Lord— to the shepherds feeding my people ; ib gnnnip^^ Vin "i2"iy D'-nu' ^ba^ the heavens shall reveal his iniquity, and the earth raising-itself against him ; n^rf *"jm Nil, enter thou blessed of the Lord ; '3N n^ns '^nbin O, for t (am) sick with love ; n^n'^ *TiDb T31 bDi, and all thy sons (shall be) taught of the Lord. 1. The Adverb^ generally precedes the verb^, or other word'' which it qualifies ; but the perspicuity of the sentence is often consulted in placing this particle. Adverbs are prin- cipally of use in rendering the construction negative or inter- rogative. 2. As negatives, the following adverbs are princi- pally used, ^*V, Vt*, pt*, no not, Va, ^nV^i, not, never, &c. Of these adverbs, Vb* is used in prohibitory sentences'^, and gene- rally joined with the future'^ ; ^*V is used before all modes^ but S6 HEBREW GRAMMAR. the imperative, and is generally used to qualify adjectives*^ ; ^nVn is generally prefixed to the infinitive, and is frequently interjected between the verb^ and the governing particles^ 7, O ; pt* is used to qualify participles'", pronouns^ and nouns", and frequently' takes before it the particles V, n, D, D. 2. The Adverbs principally used as interrogatives, are n, ^Yhether ? and the negatives i^Vn, p^n, on, is not? no'?, rna, why, wherefore? I^n, yt^, JiJ^i^, how? Tia, inn'?, when? noD, how often? r\D *Tr, fi^ "ri;, how far? &c. These adverbs are placed at the beginning"" of the sentence, which is rendered negative by qualifying the verb'' with t^V, or a similar particle. But when two or more verbs are used, a negative placed be- fore the first is frequently understood before the succeeding" ; and the negative particle^ usually imparts a privative force, by that form of construction which is merely restrictive in English. -Examples. ]. ••bpa ^lyou'^ axbi >b t«i5".?3N» ^h^ (m, and behold they ■will not believe me, and they will not listen to my voice ; l^iDDU" ^nn^ h^n^p•< 'i^n, together shall they fall, never shall they rise : ^sb p Nirr t'DDn, he (is) a son not wise. 2, *^iynn Tis n3 bN^ inxn, and he said. Do not, I pray, my brethren, transgress : li>ripnv ^fb nnxb mu' U'nan^, and Sarah denied, saying, I did not laugh; i^i ^is-'ON'' Nb, they will not believe, &c. inx fniDH ^nbibs m^f )'pb n^ri'' oir^i, and the Lord set on Cain a mark, not-to smite him ; f-Qiy Tibib? DTT3 H' iprm, and they strengthen the hands of the wicked, that they-do-not return ; "TibnoS yitrs nu'N y-^an bN ntn oyn hn n-'-yrib r^^T^'< fnbs^ the Lord iii-not being able to bring the people into the land which he sware, &c. ^■^^c^ (>K"» ^V"'pn V^^ ^^V^y V^\ ^"^ °<^t ^^^^ "^^^s) seeing, nor knowing, nor waking : i3T in y^ti ^*]3\v DN1, and if thou dost not make (her) return, know, &c, pn DDb )nD P32^^*, I gave not straw to you : v'l^'^ V^ ^'Wi<\ and there is no man in the earth : iddo ^V^^ D'-tin >yyi, and cedar trees wiih-no (Without) number: n^ii'ya Jp^^ ^nbbin mnnn ^vai, m-no depths was I brought forth, in-no fountains. 3. osu'O nrriL'y^ Nb yinn bD osu'n'", shall not the judge of all the earth do right? mn, *]Tin b^w Nb ""2 •]bbn'",for the grave will not confess thee, death (will not) praise thee: xwb inu; n.y Nif^ nu'N n.v mn^ ^npv Nb o, for the Lord will not absolve him, that taketh his name in vain. Conjunctions possess the government of particular Modes in Hebrew, but are followed by the Indicative. 1. The Con- junctions used as Copulatives are i, and, f^i^, also ; of these 1 is not only used as a copulative*'^, but is employed to express a consequence^ a reason% a condition*^, or an exception*. It SYNTAX OF PARTICLES. ST has a particular force in governing the Fut. where past time is expressed*", and the Indef. where future time^ is mentioned. 2. The Conjunctions used as disjunctives are m, or, i^\>), nor, i Dt^i. although, &c. In the disjunction of clauses, (Di^) n — n** ■ express whether — or ; "D — "D*, as — so, &c. but in such oppo- sitions, "I frequently stands before the second clause^, in place of the repeated conjunction. Examples. 1. iiii' a-npy oavini ^'n ^^y\r^ dsni o, for in their anger they slew a man, and in their self-will they digged down a wall: myo riN ^b (D'lb inv in insyi 'b ly^Di, and entreat for me to Ephron, the son of Zohar, and he will (that he may) give me the cave : nn "rirt byn nbyi Ninv nnpb nu'N r\\Dnr^ by, behold thou art dead for the wife which thou hast taken, and (for) she is a man's wife ; Tha onb 'mnNi inu' nn 'b ■noNi'^ dD'^n '3nbu? OD^miN, and I will tell them, the God of your fathers hath sent me unto you, and (but) they will say to me, what (is) his name ? lai XVn nscii^ :bDN3 prr yv nso, of the fruit of the tree of the garden, we may eat, and (but) of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, &c. n^riDinf \2. ']b n3Qa >nn3f D3i, and also 1 will give thee a son from her, and I will bless her j bs^i*' noxng pnv'i? V23 by omix, and Abraham fell on his face, and laughed and said. 2. a"i DN^ Nin loyan'^ nsin^ [oyn] pmn,^, whether they [the people] are strong or weak, whether few or many : ]>n dn VV nn U'^n^, whether there (is) wood in it, or not ; vsiNoi nay^i inos^ ny^i rrn', and it shall be as with the people so with the prie&t, as with the servant so with the master : y^i yn^^ nsiD TiayD', as passeth the whirlwind, and (so) the wicked (is) not. Prepositions are used, in Hebrew^, for the purpose of sup- plying, not o(^ governing, cases. With regard to the various relations which they are intended to express; — L In respect to the instrument employed ; D denotes the thing whereof we make a use% n the instrument wherewith we perform^: 2. In respect to quality, o expresses the matter'' and form^, D the manner*, and V the use^ : 3. In respect to dimension, the measure is expressed by the constructive^ preceding a noun^ signifying the length or breadth: 4. In respect to tiine, n ex- presses the time in which^, or during which^, V the time whereat^ ; but the noun"" without a preposition, the time how long : 5. In respect to place, to expresses the place from whence"", V the place where° or whither^, the latter being also expressed by the adverbial particle^ n ; a expresses the place wherein^, as also the price^. In most of the above cases, the preposition is omitted ; as in expressing the matter^, use°, and dimension^'; the place^^' whither, whereat, wherein, and from whence ; and the time^ when, as well as how long™. E 38 HEBREW GRAMMAR. Examples. 1. ^f3 isdd^ ib^Nri b^^, eat not of it rawj -rn' bnmb bni, iron is sharpened by iron : yiriN U'^Nrr ni^, by the three hun- dred men will I save ; 2. (inr) vn' n^QDf .TniDi, aud its flowers shall be of it (gold); Dnpirn^ D"'yia rt^bw, three cups like almonds; ni^a® bav nntaV, he is led as a sheep to the slaughter ; naiobf Dn3 rr-wyi, and thou shalt make staves for the altar. 3. '^iim g'-vm rrQN, a cubit and a half in breadth ; "i2")N ''vm D'nn>f, two cubits and a half in length. 4. rci >>nb rT3U' mNn U'ly nstrai, in the six hundredth year of the years of the life of Noah ; dv aiyn'' fia'Sa*^, in the twilight, in the evening of the day; aiy riyb', at the time of evening: D^n* uinm iny au'^i, and he dwelt with him a month of days. 5. onvQ yi^'O" "jTiNVin, I brought thee out of the land of Egypt; na^n yisrt (Qh nv, depart from this land: biNU^b'' '•^'33 nryn Nb, thou wilt not leave my soul in hell; iQipnbP ws idV, let them depart, each to his house ; mnnnq yD2i, and we went into the desert ; qnbiNu;bP n^yu'n ■imu'% the wicked shall be turned into hell ; inmr nau', abide in thy house ; -j^Dli mn, death (is) in the pot; nVq fid31s n':ps, I will buy it for the full price; iiryi ariTt TSNn n^f, and they shall make the ephod of gold ; mopnu nniQ, the altar for incense; ]3yn^ n^f Jn^n Nbo*"!, and the temple was filled with the cloud ; Dbu/iT^ Nin^i, and he came to Jerusalem (place whi- ther) ; bnurt nriDw TTsyi, and he stood at the door of the tabernacle (place whereat) ; mn^ n^nw o^NVain D^bSn, the vessels found in the temple of the Lord (place wherein) ; -|>yrr« n\ iw^ an, they went out of the city (place from whence) : nb'-Vx n^pti'\, and I arose at night (time when). Verbs implying some tendency to^, or signifying to bestow or acqaire**, to expect, call, or interrogate"^, to seduce, despise, or oppress*', to adore, honour, embrace, or kiss^, are attended with V : some signifying to regard, choose, reject, or hold', to urge, chide, protest^, or inhale*", are attended with n : some signifying to enjoin, serve\ tell, answer'', or meet', are attended with iii^. Verbs signifying to hll"™ are attended with n, D, or nt* ; those signifying to be called" acquire an impersonal force, and are accompanied by V : as many verbs" are occa- sionally in Hebrew. Examples. n^u'DNrt "i3b mnN' nwn, in this will the men consent unto ns ; DnV ^]D'i I3'n2i n\"i, let us give our danghters to them ; DD^n r\i< lib ^np":, let us take their daughters unto us. i>yi 'V ^m'D, stay for me a little ; ni22ipob '^isnpicall (for) the mourners □ib'U'b ^b *^ibNU'"i, and they shall ask about peace: D^^N^sn 03b ^"iN^U" bs, let not your pro- phets seduce you ; nnbl ib ^ram, and she despised him in her heart; *jnyu'i *|b (lp"'V , he will oppress thee in thy gates ; mn^b *iinnu'n, wor- ship the Lord : inb fn2D"''i, and he falleth down to it ; *jQU'b ^naD^i, and they shall honour thy name ; ib ^p^>y^ "ib ^pn^^, and he embraced him, aud kissed him. D''nyi irtNT, he who looketh on the clouds ; fm\D 31131 '^Tinm y^n, to reject evil, and choose good ; o^n^ Ta 'mnN, thou hast holden my right hand; ino on i5-)VE}n, and he urged them greatly j SYNTAX OF PARTICLES. 39 Zi'2 g'iyi2) chiding the sea j u'-'Nrt i3i giyn, the man protested to us : OD^miYvn ^r.'^iii nV, I will not inhale in your festivals. iriK inn'-.V!, and thou shalt enjoin him ; ii:i];n ynti nx% and thou shall serve thy brother: -jbarr na ''mu»3N, 1 will inform the king ; inx nyn ''i^y sb'> *im, and the people answered him not a word : riir'n Ds hv2^''\ and they met Moses, nu'pi it "iNbn, he filled his hand with a bow ? •"nyn "urna "J^bo, he fills his belly with my delights: r»>an mNbo'i ]':v^ nx, and the temple was filled with the cloud : rt^a n^ip' r>tf nsu'i, and one tongue (was) to all of them : ]n mu'bi, and lo Sarah (shall be) a son. nTb, iqidS^ nionn nbivni, the abyss covered them, they descended into the deeps. *^a"ii3 (in) O nm2n ni^i, and he saw rest that (it was) a good (thing); Dibu' (^•''iN, I am (a man of) peace; uinb '^in>fi c]itr'-a, iu the first (month) on the first (day) of the mouth ; cD'3\y Nbi '^n^^f sb, not one (^time), nor two; Dnyu; ^'^>^ no^i, and he measured six (measures) of barley ; ni^ba*^ ^nD^f U'lbri, and Esther put on (the robes of) the king- dom. 2. '1 1200 b2Nn Nb Vl^ mto nyirr vy^% and of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat of it ; UVT^1 iriK O ^vis pNVon, because you shall find him, at this hour him; — mn"' *]iia • Vid. supr. p. 22. 1. 14. p. 27. L 34. p. 28. 1. 18. p. 32. 1. 14. p. 34. 1.5; 29. p. 36. 1.13. p. 37. 1.41, E2 40 HEBREW GRAMMAR. c»'5 >o'7so, blessed be the Lord — my preserver to me; rrs ^DDb nu', sit ye to you here, nxn biia ^'31 iDi, they wept a very great weeping j n'?TTa ^-TNn^ ini^^i, they feared, with great fear. in:iiiin gwa m bn•<^, and Noah began to be a man of the earth (an agriculturist) : miN \nn n:^ D'VUTi gp, and Abram was a son of ninety years (ninety years old) : Ni nrbrt niobnns byn nan, behold the master of dreams (the dreamer) that cometh. ain p^dV hdm riDrr, smiting thou shalt smite ■with [the mouth (edge) of] the sword ; D^nu;bD '^OSD IDS, they fled from before [the face of] the Philistines j mnn *'^23 by nu^rn, and dark- ness was over [the face of] the deep : in^yu'^ ^Tn mn> in, the word of the Lord by [the hand (instrumentality) of] Isaiah ; b^ ^T'O wiin nvi, I will require [at the hand] of every beast : ^nnSN ^bipn, from [the voice of] my groaning: ipy> m^x ''du' ']33U", [the name of] the God of Jacob shall raise thee ; piDDn ''in by, on account of [the word (affair) of] the silver. Besides the alterations, already mentioned, to which the different parts of speech* are subject by the insertion or omis- sion of letters, it seems further necessary to observe, That the letter n is not only added to pronouns*, but to nouns^ and par- ticiples*', to verbs after the increase n, \n^, and those persons of the future® and imperative*^, which have no increase, as also to the infinitive^ : That the letter '> is not only added to pro- nouns^, but subjoined to nouns* and participlesJ, frequently to these last'' when terminating in n ; and that it is sometimes omitted after the Indef.' 1st pers. mas. but inserted after the 2d pers. fem.™ as also after the Infinitive" : That the letter j is subjoined to the persons of the Tenses" ending in % ), to the Future^ before the pronouns ^^, *], )n, and sometimes, though rarely, to the Infinitive^: That the letter ) is sometimes omit- ted before \ thus added to Verbs^, and also before the con- junctive pronouns^; and that it is occasionally subjoined to substantives*. Examples. ^nriiV, for n^f, thou ; mnHf for ]nn, you ; ''nVb, noin, 7]bm, for b^b, Dirr, bm ; SiDin, blessing, for -j-ia, pt. pres. : ''nmai, thou didst deal treacherously, for m3l ; nsnabtt'm, and you shall cast away, for pDVu'm; ^nDinN,I will bless, for "jin;*; 'm2^p, rise, for Dip: ^nbnnb, to spare, for bnnb. ^T^s, thou, for r\s : '^n\, "tin, 'an, »vn, for ^Si na, on, yrt; JnON, binding, for idx; "^rnni, order, for mm; 'ninN, being loved, for nn.lN : >inri>U'0, I have brought him out, for vt^n'U'D: in'mnb, thou taugbtest, for mnb: "''n^unnb, in making dwell, for a^U'inb. opvfi they will know, for lyn^ : pynu'n, yc shall hear, for lynuTi ; VP^"^^^ *h°*^ ^^'^ adhere, for "•pnnn : '^'33in2'', he will honour me, for '3133' J 'SJWVD', they will find me, for 'JInvd^j "l^priN, I will pluck • Vid. supr. p. 7: 1. 35. p. 10. 1. 22. p. 12. 1. 3—11. p. 18. 1. 23. p. 24. 1. 22. OF PROSODY. 41 thee out, for "jpriN; in22ni', he will bless him, for \n3ins qi'^^>o ^o give, for r\r\b 5 n^^^i ^° destroying, for i2Nn : 'i'li', they shall be ine- briated, for ]vi-i^ : 'nris, subdue it, for nrrna ; ':aD, they surrounded me, for >:"iaD ; inaau'n, we esteemed him, for in"i3ne'n : ^122, no, 'r\'nj for p, 172) n^rr. IV. OF PROSODY. Prosody being that part of Grammar, which determines the accent or quantity of words, chiefly as disposed in verses ; under this head every thing may be reduced, which remains to be advanced on the subject of the points and accents. I. In the pointed Hebrew, the twenty-two letters of the alphabet are considered consonants. 1. Six^ may be termed aspirates; viz. t*, rr, 1, % n, r, the first of which is expressed by a lenient breathing, and the two last by forcible gutturals. 2. Six*" are properly aspirated consonants ; viz. n, j, 1, D, D, r. ; to which may be added c, pointed over (he dexter horn. The remaining letters'^, consisting of the liquids, V, a, :, n, the mutes, w, p, and the sibilants, r, d, y, are possessed of an uniform sound. Examples. 1. ^s, q, n, h, i, v, % y, n, ch, y, g-h. 2. ^2, bh, 5, gh, n, dh, D, ch, 2, ph, n, th, <^, sh. ^b, I. ro, m, 2, n, i, r ; o, t, p, k : i, z, 0, S, V, tS. The points added to the letters are chiefly employed to ex- press the Vowels, being generally placed under them. The Vowels* thus expressed, are divided into long^; as, Q d, (..) e, 0.) 'I, (0 0, (0 u ; and short^. as, (_) d, (.) e, (.) ?, (J of, Q w. To these may be added (0 sh'va, which properly de- notes the absence of a vowel'' : but which, when added to the short vowels, expresses the very shorf^ ; as, (.,) a, (,,) e, (,. ) 0. * The lon^ vowels are termed thus ; viz. c'l, kametz ; e, tsere ; 7, long- chirec J o, cholem ; iJ, shurek : the short, thus ; viz. a, patach; e, seg-olj t, short chirec ; 6, kametz chatuph ; ti, kibbutz : the very short, thus ; viz. a, chateph-patach ; e, chateph-segol j o. chateph-kametz. t The point (^) which has a double force, generally expresses the vowel a, being then termed long- kametz, as "C^ masar. But when it concurs in the same syllable with a shva, quiescent and unaccented, it expresses the short vowel 6, and is then termed kametz-chatuph ; as \'^'V korban ; it is, however, observable, that the shva is not ex- pressed when it is final, as '"'5 col ; and that it is sometimes implied in a dages or chateph-kametz ; as ''"^ ronni ; ""P^ moghamddh. E 3 42 HEBREW GRAMMAR. A letter joined to any of these vowels is sounded before them, and is said to be moveable. Examples. >iq sa, p *e, >d si^ ^^ 50, ^p *^*/ dq *«} d »e, ^ *?, -, ^•o, SH: ^^ lid, ^ ^e, ,jj, 1/1, ii^ VO) li^ W' ^N V«» « y^y « V«» N vo, X v^- 5 grAe; b^j ghd, ^ ghe, ^c. a, yd, > ye-, b, ya, -. ye, SfC. a^ ra, , ve ; \ va, y ve, Src. cp srd, -^ sre ; -^ srd, -,p sre, ^c. (ip sa, p se, p so. Exceptions. 1. The aspirates, when devoid of subscribed points, merge their sound iii that of the vowels whieL precede them, and are then said to be quiescent : thus «, wherever placed^, — '', if mediate^^ or if finaP and preceded by (.) l, (.) e. — 1, wherever placed*^, if attended with (•) o, (•) w, and not subscribed,— and n, whefr^nal^, are respectively silent. But "», n, when finaF, the latter being inscribed with the point mapick (•), retain their proper sound; and n, n, ^, when final^, and subscribed with patha-genufa (-) «, are sounded after the vowel placed under them. 2. The aspirated consonants, 2. 2, ^, 3, 5, n, when inscribed with a lenient dages (•}, and the letter «, when pointed over the left horn, lose their aspirated sound''; and all consonants which are inscribed with a forcible dages (•)? (which may be applied to all letters except ^^, n, n,» 5, n), are doubled in pronunciation : the dages is lenient' when it is inscribed in a, J, 1, 3, Q, n, beginning a word, or following shva quiescent^, but otherwise it is forcible". The skva is moveable', and sounded as a close e, when it begins a new syllable*, but otherwise it is quiescent"". Examples. 1. aj^o sa, ^^p se, j^p s!, j^ip, ^^5 so, j^-p &ii ; nsD s«'', \v

c) sdr, -|>p scr, ■,>p sir, y^, ■yQ sor, yro swr : c>d si, ,p se ; d\Q so, y^ sor, ,q su, ^q sur : e^^ sa, ^ se, np si, nb so, -,,,0 su. Up sai, p sei, ^ip, ,5 soi, &c. nc sah, np sell, no sih, &c.: gnp saah, np saach, yp saagh, &c. h^ b, 3 g, 1 t), 3 c, bP, n t, t[)S,; pp sassa, pp sessa, j^p sissa, &c. ^p sabba, 3p segga, ^D, &c. ipj bosa, jp^p^ basbasa, j.-,:! bhassa, p^Da bhass- abbasa : V^ sesi ; ^"V^ ses ri* • Shva begins a new syllable, not only when if commences a word, but when it occurs after a long vowel having- an euphonick accent, (as 'JPII, yCichelu)', after a short syllable compensated by an accent, (as JViydl l^mcnatseach) ; or after another shva, (as ISTI^ yirdephu ; ^"^ pakkedu) in the last instance the first shva is implied in a dayes. OF PROSODY. 43 f Every sounded letter has either a vowel point*, or skva^ placed under it: but the latter is not expressed in writing;, v\hen it is final'' : unless with l*^, or when it is preceded by another skvir. The points of u; supply the place oi" (") o, when the consonant that precedes or follows it is destitute of a voweK: and the points^ () 0, (.) i, are sometimes written without 1, ' ; in which case they are said to be defective. Examples, c^-ca sarab, c^^-b srab, d^^-j sarac, e^-- sarb. '-.- sos, t'^N sosh : g^b SOS. The Accent (,) naturally falls on the last syllable*: but words'" ending in (O di, (J e, or (_) «, (put for (..), in the serviles ri, T., 1, ^3, n:, >:, ^n, ?j, n, or n^ paragogick, are accented on the penultimate, when they have not a shva moveable preceding. By van conversive the accent is shifted on the last syllable (from the penultimate) in the Indefinite^; and on the penulti- mate (from the last syllable) in the Future*^. The latter effect is also produced in words^ ending in ^, \ rj, rr^, when they fall under a pause : and the accent is wholly obliterated by the tie Maccaph (-), in the words^ that precede it. Examples. ^"^^^ dhabhar ; '"^'IJ^*: Yisrael : indf. "^"'^ masar ; fut. '^p"?: yimsor; ^i'^ mesor. ^'.^J?!^ Abigail; I'l^'^x Abimeleeh ; ^S-CTI Bdthsheba: P-r'D masarta; '*"?"^^ raas&rti ; '-rct" yismachu ; '^^Ip? masarnuj ^intrrpiTi timsorna; ''r,'!!'??'p mesartani ; 'T^Jr?' yimserehu ; '^.^^ debharecha; T.V?''^? tsarotheha ; nVj l^Ha ; ^7^9^ jimseru; H??^- asappera. '^'fT'???^ vemasarti ; ^ ^^]1 vayoseph. ^1^1 naphala ; ^^^ darkecha; ^■^';^>«nri^ eth-haqarets. The changes to which the points are subject depend on the increase of the words, and the tendency of the accent to fall on the last syllable ; a concurrence of many unaccented sylla- bles either sinking or shortening the vowels, or requiring them to be lengthened for the ease of pronunciation. A syllable, to have its full complement, should consist of a consonant and a long vovs"el% or of a consonant and a short voweP compensated. A short syllable is compensated by having subjoined to its short vowel a consonant (either expressed*', or implied in a dages^ or guttural*^), or by becoming the seat of an accent^. A long syllable is shortened^ by having a short vowel substituted for a mutable vowel ; (J a being changed into (J a, (J e, or (.) 1 ; (.) e intq (.) ?, or Q e\ and (•) into (J o, or (.) H. All the 44 HEBREW GRAMMAR. short vowels are mutable, and occasionally changed into long vowels^, or substituted for each olher^; but the long vowels attended with % 1, are immutable' ; and the very short vowelsJ are proper to the gutturals. Examples. ^QO* md-sdr : nirj? gho-s^' ; "^B?^ m?s-ser ; ^?'?> pth-hel ; i^i de-she'. ^^'^f.'D.^ ha?shkem, compounded of n? ^'j 03- ^0^35^ ghab- hadhim, pi. of "i^^^" ghebhedh. nns pethach, for nne pethech. ''P^T^n toshibeni. -"Dirr chadas ; ni"> ruach. Gen. Rule. A short voweP, not lollowed by a consonant or its equivalent, should be compensated^, or obliterated'', or changed into its correspondent long vow^eF. A long vowel*^, if unaccented, when followed by a moveable consonant having skva expressed or understood, is changed into its correspond- ent short*". A long vowel^, preceding the penultimate of w^ords accented on the last syllable, sinks into shva° if it is mutable ; but merely takes an euphonick accent^ if it is an immutable. If a shva thus falls under a guttural, it is changed into a com- pounded shva^; but if it comes in contact with another shva. the antecedent of them is changed into a vowel. Examples. ^Din chadas, ^D^o^n chada**im : ^i3^ ghebed. ^^'l^ft ghabhddhim ; ^5 bherech, for tj"!! bh?rreeh : ^'^ ghoz, ^^^ beghwzeka. li?X zaken, D"'3|?.'J zekenim, &c. see p. 7. ^IDO masar, ''?X)p mesarani, &c. see p. 27. "^J^ dabhar, '75^ debhari, &c. see p. 27. 'P.T^in* toshi- beni, compounded of S^^TO and '?..* "^;?^ ghebedh, °7??^. ghabadhim : '^32 bhichli, compounded of '^P ?. On suffering an increase, 1. A word^ takes Q shva, in the syllables^ preceding the penult., for (^) a, (.,) e, (•) o; and in the penult.'^ for („) e, also for (..) e, (.) /, unless in the plural*^, and for (•) o, (_) d in verbs^. But Q a is substituted in the plural for (•) o, (..) ^, (.) z, in the penult, of nouns*^; for {_) in the inflcctible tenses of verbs^ before a conjunctive pronoun, and for (.y if derived from (_). And (\.) e'i is substituted for (].) clyi, and (i) for (i_) dve^, in dissyllables accented on the penult. Examples. 1. l^^f. pi. a^2|:f ; pim'' f. Trp)r\f ; ni-ij? (with the con- junctive pronoun) 'ni-ip'': idd*'^ pl.DnDD^; Dm"" pi.Dpn^"^; ^:ih;s> pi. d^j'w*': P^?^ in conjunction V7^^*> °5?* in conjunc. iJ^^ip'': 'id'' i^ conjunc. '''!'?'^: Is. fut. ">b^^«* in conj. innoTpNi^/ inf. nnD"" in conj . 'rrnoa®, 2. i^nt pi. OF PROSODY. 45 r^-aW; dv pi. n^;^; ^^ pi. c^Dnf ; 1^33 pi. ni^rns^; nrip, pi. niu!?'; ^;i? pi. c"$^*^: imper. ri?t? in conj. ':?o^^3 3 p. indf. ^ip"! in conj.^rmjy?^. ^'jri in coDJ. ')V 5 ^^^5 in conj. '«?io. Exceptions. In the penult. (..) e re- mains unchanged after (t) a, (■.) ' ; as, ^p^ pi. D'??"»p; 2kt pi. c';^«]. Secondly. A Guttural'', instead of a skva, takes (_.) a^; but if shva comes from (..) e, it takes (,^) e*^ ; and if from (•) o preceding (..) e, it takes (^J o*^. In place of a dages, it length' ens the short vowels, — (_) a into (J a^j (.) i into Q e"^, and (..) w into (•) oS; but contrariwise, defectives^, in taking a dages, shorten the long vowels, — a into (.) «\ (..) e into (.) «J, (•) o into (..) u^ or (J o* ; and (.) a into (.) ■e'". A forcible Guttural" (n, n, or r) takes (.) a ; — instead of shva quiescent, under the penult.° or the lastP, when preceded by a long vowel (., \, ;,, or ,); and instead of (..) e, or (•) o. before itq, when it is final in verbs ; but generally instead of (,) c, before the last% or before^ or under the penultimate*: and, contrariwise, when (.) d precedes, and C) a is subscribed to, those gutturals, the former is changed into (J eu. The letter 1^ and some other consonants>" have occasionally the force of Gutturals, in changing the points. Examples, "^n* pi. oncnN 3 iudf. rzmi^; ri.f in conjunct, '^f'- •l)>?vp^ in conj. 'J?^?;?^- ^'j^^ pi. DT7?.^. Pi. 1 fut. "^i^^f for "^^if ; 3 fut. rrcr^^ for nwf : Pu. 3 indf. p^b° for p!!'?. en'' pi. c^n' ; y^^ in conj.l!?J ; W*" in conj. 'w'' ; 3 indf. "P^ in conj. 'Pi?'; i? pi. D^TV". 2 indf rin^V' for nnpjf j piel inf. rra^^ : 3 fut. rrip^f ; rri;^ for ni" ; pt. ?v:::P. 3 fut. rrr^ii; pt. r^i^^: nns^ rPK^, yi^\ derived from nnB. rrw, nrcj: c^nx in conj. irrsi^; 'J^n", n^Vi73« compounded with a, 3- 3 indf. Piel ^rv"" for ^?? ; Pual po^ for pno; niiiV pi. for ri^nn; PTTi^ pl. for C'C^p. Thirdly. If two moveable shvas concur at the beginning of a word, the iirst^ is changed into (.) i ; and if ^ follows, the second omitted ; but if that which precedes is simple, and the other compounded, the preceding is changed into the compo- nent vowel'' of the following. If they concur in the begin- ning and middle of a word, and come in contact with a gut- tural ; that under it, if coming from ( ) e preceding (..) ^^, is changed into (..) e^, and that before or under it, if coming from (,) e% or its substitute (.) a, is changed into (.) a^; but jf that which precedes is compounded^, its vowel is retainedh. 46 HEBREW GRAMMAR. and the points (,) omitted. If they concur, at the end of a ; word ; that coming from Q ^^, is changed into (,) a" ; that from (..) e^ into Q e™ ; and that from (•) o'' into (,^) a°. Some other letters, particularly « "• n f, have a like force, at the be- ginning of a word, in changing^, or restoring^ one of two con- current skvas, which is descended from (..) ^. Examples. P^^^ in conjunction ^p^^; dduj^ in conjunc. ^o?®; '"^^ in conjunc. v^Q. '"js^i' compounded of )3 n; HTin'i for nTirva; '^wa'' compounded with 2 ; 'm^ compounded with ? J U'')2S^ compounded with )'• '7"?.??! compounded withal y^rf in conj. 'y^VU^ for "i^^rr; Torr^ in conj. "iTOrT*" for i^ri : ''W in conj. vbn^ for vbn .. 3 fut. F]D«;S pi^ ICDx; for lED^J..; O'OSqS pi, in regim. 'Ppn^ for 'P^n. nW in conj. ^nSv^^j Ifut.W inconj.?);i'3]X™; ^nE!?" in conj. n^i^b/. ''n^?, T3"3» °.?|5 ^'?.5» ];?i?.J f^l^'i^j \?^, &c. in conj. pi. vabo, v73^, &c. like "'Orr supr.e Fut. 3 s. "ira^«'^, lb. 3 pi. =i^|5n;'l; inf. n^b in conj. ^^i^^"*; \-?. prep, in conj. f}^f, &c. like ypn supr.c Fourthly. When an Acceru is drawn back, it lengthens the shva of a verb into (J a% but of a conjunctive pronoun into (J eb; and when it is either drawn back, or removed*, it shortens the final vowels, Q a into (_) a^; Q e into Q «*» and (•) o into (^) a^ : but, contrariwise, when it is a distinctive accent, it lengthens (.) a, and (,) e, into (J «^- Frequently also the ease or grace of enunciation causes an interchange of the vowels;— of (..) e° with (.) ? ; (0 u with {.)u^\ and (J w^ with (^) a ; and some changes" are occasionally intro- duced, for distinction. Examples. 3 indf. lif^;""^ for 1^^?;; ^^,"3?? for ^^3?* ira-nn^ from 5^Q; "^JJ^^l from "V^'Y, T^If^'^d for 1? n«; iwi""'? from ^s: '^'''^^ l^ii^ for ^33, Hiph. indf. ii?.??^ for i^ITErr; Kal 3 fut. IQI^; for ''QV: ; Hoph. 3 indf. ^Z^'H for '^).'^T(. D^Tp>b^>'' tribunes (pi. of t^H^) D'tD^?ttJ, third. Nouns tn regimen, following (he analogy of nouns increas- ing, shorten the vowels Q «, (J ^^ 'I'TJ^ from cnn«; Dn\rf nra from t:.}^; 'wc'^ i;!:« from ];.**; ^s^ rr.;^ from rr:jr2. >3><, 'n«. II. It is unnecessary to enter info the subject of the metres, as nothing is known with certainty respecting the Hebrew ver- sification. It is probable it consisted in a musical rhythm to which the poetry ^Yas recited; to the ends of which the various accents which are found in the sacred text, are obviously acco- modated. But as these point?, which amount to thirly-five, are confessedly modern, and of no authority even among the advocates of the pointed system ; we shall be pardoned in pass- ing them by, without further notice. On the subject of Dialect, it is merely necessary to notice that which is termed the Rabbinical, as adopted in the later writings of the Jewish Doctors. This Dialect generally consists in Hebrew, with some pecu- liarities, ado])ted not only from the Chaldee and Syriack, but from the Greek and Latin. 1. It includes p (from ^p) amono- the serviles^; inseits i^, 1, % in place of the vowel-points^; sometimes drops a radical at the beginning, middle, or end of a word ; extends'' some terms by n, o, •>; and connects* others by the figure crasis. 2. In Xouns, it putsf, mas. pi. p for D^ ; fem. pi. riv for ni ; formings some nouns in ni, f, and some in ^^<, after the Chaldee: in the Cases, it supplies'" the gen. by Vm, 1 ; the ace. by r\\ V, for m^ ; putting' ^^ for V^*, V ; ^n for O. 3. In the Pronouns, — for the Conjunctives, it takes" i^, for \ my; ^n (n), and after the pi. ^m (^i) for n, his ; \ for U, our, D, their i rejecting' f of fO, fO, your, and f or n of \)n, pn, their: connecting"" them respectively to their ad- juncts by ". For the Possessive Pronouns, it uses" V^, V^7, Ti, joined with the Conjunctives: an(^ for the Demonstrative, it uses" n^n, ille, this, pi. f^Vn, (iVVrr, iV^*, ':rr, im); ahc? nit*, (nt*) auToj, that, modifyingq the latter with the preposi- tions used in supplying cases. For the Relative u;, it puts"^ ^7, 1; and for the Int^rrogatives 'C, hd, it puts* M: and it forms* some Comj^ounds, by combining different pronouns with ^n (from t^in), \~t (from t^^i), in the sense of the auxiliary. 4. In Verbs, it drops in the Indef. n, of 1st and 3d p. sing. teV- 48 HEBREW GRAMMAR. minating both in ^; and ending^^ the 1st p. m. the od p. f. in j ; but in the Fut. it prefixesx j for % sometimes omitting the pre- fix. In the Infin. it addsy % inserting i before the last radical; and it frequently supplies^ the Imperat. and Conjunct, by V and the future. In the Part, it prefixes^ « for c ; and forms^ the plur. in \ It adopts from the Chaldee, a compound tense'', formed from the participle and personal pronoun ; together with the Conjugations'^ Shaphel and Ishtaphel ; but possesses a pe- culiar Conjugation^ in Nithpael, which partakes of the nature of Niphal and Hithpael, and has a passive signification. Examples. I. annNp ("i.tn Np)„ he said; iT^spt (-inxuO, who said.' ^s for (t) or (_), as '3N\r, >no, for ':^, '» ; i for (■..) or (t), as obo, nmsb, for d'?2, \-^q): ^ for ( ) or (.,), as it-i-i^g, ntrs'N, for ^iJn?, ntr5« ; also for (i) or dages, as ni^'n^*:? HDO, for ^"^^'^^y J^^J?. cDropping the first, in ins, u'Dy, N3N, ]2N, -iQN, b^N ; the second in ^i^, nip, nyu;, o^bnn, mnn; the third in r^f, r^j n^n, )0, nnu--, yau?, mn, ckc. ''*|mn3, as those, \-rmn, both of them, p^^nirn, your flesh ; from inD, ]nn, ]o ieq. ^ib'BN, although, from f^^c, also, iVn, if: "ibobN, unless, from i^n, if, -n- aud Nb, not ; n^b, is not, from Nb, not, rr-x, is ; N2^b, there is not, from Nb, not, n'N, is, N3, here. 2. f-nD^ pi. imos niN, pi. nvmN : em, pi. nim, in : ^Nmn% the Jews, 'N-ivn, the Egyptians, ''ins, a priest, pan, 7nD bTr, of a priest, )nDb, ]n2 rr-, a priest : JNipN, to the scripture, for Nnpb, Nip bN ; ^sn^rr, from me; i^ott, in it. 3. i^nij^, my father, for ''a^f; ^nm, he cast it, from nm ; "'lava, in his days, for ^n";Dvn ; ]b, to us, for "lib; ]"nN, their light, for miN ; "^ob, to you, inb, to them, for lob, pnb. Syr. iD^by, upon you, from iid by. "^bir, 'bn, nn, mine •, •bw, ibn, inn, his, &c. (See Chald. or Syr. Gram. p. 12. 1, 3.) nbn" Nb iny, he said no ; ]nDr? ]^bn, these (are) defective; o'-Noa ibx, these (are) the prophets j ]''b"'3n ibbn, these are the phylacteries; --bn >3n, these words ; niyn imxi', that servant ; t-dh imN bu'q, of that pious (person) ; yci im\Vl, to that wicked (person) ; ijut" N3>>f, he who hated ; -,rT"3'Q ^n-', which among- them ; id^jd \"ibt, to which of you ; in], VTii, this is; nni'N, \mT^N, which is? inn, what is? ^^'^f, in\-r, pi. VI3'N, ir»3><, the very same. 4. unny N3n, I made ; ^pu'\, he made to drink; '^ost. Its and our- '' II- riN*,»ri« sing, thou, r\ pref. forms 2nd per. sing, future, n post....... god preter, ♦ post, to 2nd per. fera. sing, future ♦ post, forms 2nd imper. nnstsiug. thee, -i post, thee and thy. cni* m. plu. ye, nn post, forms 2nd per. ma. plu. preter. n pref. to 2nd future. niHN.^nK f. plu. ye, n pref. and nj post, form 2ndpcr. fern. plu. fa ^n post 2nd preter. D3ri»m. plur. you, D3 post, ynu, and your, mas. pnxf. plur. you, p post, you, and your, feminine. III. S*in,K»n sing, he, she, ♦ pref. forms 3rd. per. sing. mas. future. i^lia post, him, and his. n post, forms 3rd per. fern. sing, preter. n, na post. her. DM, "lara. p!u. f/iff/,npost. toSrd.per. plu. pret.fu, D. QHID, post, thtm, their, mas. r\iT\,\n f- pill, they m post, to 3rd per. fem. plu. fu.' |n. T) 01' ni post, them and their fern. 2. The parts of Pronouns postfixed to Nouns and Verbs, and de- noting my, me, thy, thee, his, htm, -Aud their plurals, are called pro- noun suffixes 3. The parts of Pronouns forming the persons, &c. of Verbs, are called personal affi.-.es. N.B. Compare this Table of the Pronouns with the following example of a Regular Verb iu Kal. 4. 4. OF VERBS. 1. Verbs signify to do, or to be. 2. In Hebrew they have three Conjugations, Kal. Hiphil, and Ilithpael. 3. Kal denotes simply to do, asn|5& Jte visited, its passive is Niphal, which prefixes J in Ihepretcr tense, and signifies to be done, as Tp&a he was visited. ^ Tli. HEBREW GRAMMAR. Hiphu prefixes n in the preter, and inserts ♦ before the last radical, and siguilics to cause another to do, as l»pDn, he caused to visit ; its passive Huphal generally drops the ♦. Hithpael is formed from Kal,l)y prefixing nn in the preter, and signiHes to act upon oneself, as IpSnn ke visited himself; but is often passive. 4. Verbs in each Conjugation have three Moods, two Tenses or Times, one Participle, (ICal has two) two numbers, three persons, two Genders. Participle is from participo, partake, because it partakes both of the nature of the verb, and the adjective ; so far as it expresses the circumstance of the noun, it has the nature of the Adjective, but as implying the action of some Agent, it has the nature of the Verb. Example of the Regular Verb lp3 to visit, in Kal, INDICATIVE MOOD. Plural Preter oc past tense. Sing. ^TpS They She n TJ53 He 3 Fcm.p DnTpS Ye finpa Thou 2 J-Person. mp3 We ♦n-r|33 / 1 y Plural Future tense. Sing. Fem.nj n TJ?&» They She nipS* He S ") Fern. Hi n npsn Ve Fern.' mpsn Thou'2 S Person np53 IVe «7J5SJ^ / t} INFINITIVE MOOD. Tips and TpS to visit. Plural Participle active or Benoni, visiting. Feni. ni D^nplsJ Fern. Pliiral Participle passive orPaoul, visited. Fern. ni anipS) Feu n and n *Tip3 IMPERATIVE MOOD. FcBB nj 'npS Ye Fem. ♦ ^pa visit thou, 5. Throughout all the Conjugations the Personal affixes are added, and the Participles declined, as in Kal. 6. In Niphal the : is prefixed only to the preter and the Participle, but n to the Imperative, and to the Infinitive. 7 In Hiph. Huph. and Hith. the formative ,1 is al^ajs dropt after nnother servile, so throughout the future; and D is prefixed to the Participle of each. 8. Huph. is the same as Hiph. the formative ♦ being dropped as it oHen is in Hiph. 0. Inth& Hitb. of Verbs beginning with V, or 0, n is transposed, as in nont£?n for nctt'nn and in those with », n is changed into O as in pT^vj for pivna. ^ HEBREW GRAMMAR. jx. 5 OF IRREGULAR VERBS. 1. Irregalar Verbs are either defective, which sometimes drop a Radical Letter, or Reduplicate, which double one or more Radicals/ 2. Defectives have either but two Radicals, or ♦ or i for their first Radical, or n for their last. 3. Verbs of but two Radicals oftentimes take "» before the latter, as D1V» from avf, and in Ruph before the former, as a^)^T\ from Qp. 4. Verbs with ♦ for the first Radical, often drop it in the Future, Imperative, and Infinitive of Kal, to which last they postfix, n CHpS to take^ follows this form)and in Niph. and Hiph. they change their ♦ intoV 5. Verbs with 3 for their first Radical, drop it in the Future, Impe- rative and Infinitive of Kal, (to which last they postfix n) and in tbe pretcr of Niph. and throughout Hiph. and Huph. 6. In Hith, the two latter kinds of Verbs are generally regular. 7. Verbs with T^ for their last Radical, often drop it or change it into* and before a T\ servil^ into n and generally form the Infinitive by changing n into r\"l. 8. Verbs that have ♦ or i for the first Radical, and n for the last, are doubly defective, i. e. sometimes drop both the first and the last Radical. 9 The Verb ]ni often drops both its i's. 10. In Verbs, K is often dropt after a servile I?, and i apd n, before i and T\ servile. 11. Reduplicate Verbs are declined regularl)'. 12. Except that those resembling SS;j in some forms, use 1 instead of the last letter, as*n'\3D for ♦ra2D and in Hith. and sometimes in other Conjugations, take "J after the first Radical as in i"\3nn from JS in Pifiiy* from f\ty. 6. OF SYNTAX. 1. The Adjective generally agrees with its Substantive in Gender and Number, as 3.112 tt^^K a good man. 2. A Verb generally agrees with its Nouns in Gender, Number and Person, as T'\'*r\ VniT) the serpent was. 3. ^ and, prefixed to Verbs in the future, denotes succession. 4. 1 and, prefixed to Verbs, often supplies the signsof the Grammatical inflexions, as nttfsat and subdue (ye) it. 5. Infinitive Verbs have s«)metimes the particles 5, S, S, O, prefixed, of which Particles see vii. 2, 6, 7, 8. 7. OF THE USE OF THE SERVILES. 1. H prefixed forms 1st person singular future of Verbs. 2. D prefixed, in, &c. 3. n prefixed, sign of Conjugation, Hiph. or Huph. postfixcd, denotes a N. Fem. also 3rd per. Fem. prater, likewise /ler, to, towards. hibd c0n3dg5titoi: hithIpa|ei. SECOND HOTHAl. CONJUGATION. HIFHIL. FIRST CONJUGATION. NIFHAL. 1 KAL. 1 I f 3 < 1 Feminine. il».culi.e. Feminine. H«cu)in. Feminine. , Maseulin Feminine. Mascniin. .Feminine. Mascnlin. ■ipBT-n "mjJBrn amparw uipsnn mptn tmpBn Dn'ps'n inpBn impsn i«pBn Dmpt'n iiiiiBn nips: inipsj ■.tjJBl WpB) tmpB 1PS> =^?^B vnpB ^.in,. 3 plur. 2 n;■tpBn^ nniisnn -ipBH- ■nsBIT npflnr -.pflm The same as Ae/uture o{Nifhal. n-psn rerpsn TpBlt ll-ps- ■n-psn TPB3 nnpBn njnpsr nnpsri nnpsr flpB' npsn ipBJ 3 pinr. mysm iparn Hath none. rUTpBH Tpsn iTpBn n;;?K ipBn ^^pB^ npB -.pB ^^pB 2 'Z' IMPE. RATIVE •ipsrn Thcsaineaslhefn/fni. Tpsn ipBn oripB TPS INFINI- TIVE - or mpDPD rnpBno ipsra D-ipDrn n-ormpsnl npBO nnpso D'-ipBD r- or nl'pBD nM'pBn I'PBD D'TpBO n-ornipBj niipsj D-ijjaj n- or mpiB nnpiB ■Ip>B D«npiB p/^: Particip. Benoni 1 n- or rn>pB ■lipE 0-.1PB ;;:^: Particij mioioe Marks in Hiihpael are the sanit rative, Visit than. Infinit. To visit, al, JJe 15 umJfid . bal, He eaused (o Vs visited- Kal. Pretpr. J visited. .Future, J sAa« tnsif. Partieii)le Bcnoni, Visiting, Paoul, rwiied. Iliphal, He caused toinsit. Participle, about or going t Uiih]iaei J He visited himsel/f or was visited. HEBREW GRAMMAR. ix 5 OF IRREGULAR VERBS. 1. Irregnlar Verbs are either defective, which sometimes drop a Radical Letter, or Reduplicate, which double one or more Radicals.* 2. Defectives have either but two Radicals, or ♦ or 3 for their first Radical, or ,1 for their last. 3. Verbs of but two Radicals oftentimes take 1 before the latter, as DW» from dV, and in Huph before the former, as DpIH from Dp. 4. Verbs with* for the first Radical, often drop it in the Future, Imperative, and Infinitive of Kal, to which last they postfix, n (r\^ to take^ follows this form)and in Niph. and Hiph, they change their ♦ intol. 5- Verbs with 3 for their first Radical, drop it in the Future, Impe- rative and Infinitive of Kal, (to which last they postfix n) and io tbe preter of Niph. and throughout Hiph. and Huph. 6. In Hith. the two latterkinds of Verbs are generally regular. 7. Verbs with T\ for their last Radical, often drop it or change it into* and before a n servilp into n and generally form the Infinitive by changing H into T\^. 8. Verbs that have ♦ or i for the first Radical, and n for the last, are doubly defective, i. e. sometimes drop both the first and the last Radical. 9 The Verb )T\l often drops both its i's. 10. In Verbs, K is often dropt after a servile », and i apd n, before i and r servile. 11. Reduplicate Verbs are declined regularly. 12. Except that those resembling SSj in some forms, use 1 instead of the last letter, as^n^SD for ♦n213D and in Hith. and sometimes in other Conjugations, take "J atter the first Radical as in iisnn from JS in PiSiy* from ^Sy. 6. OF SYNTAX. 1. The Adjective generally agrees with its Substantive in Gender and Number, as iltt W*« a good man. 2. A Verb generally agrees with its Nouns in Gender, Number and Person, as TVT^ Vnin the serpent was. 3. 1 and, prefixed to Verbs in the future, denotes succession. 4. > and, prefixed to Verbs, often supplies the signsof the Grammatical inflexions, as nttfSDI and subdue (ye) J^. 5. Infinitive Verbs have sometimes the particles 5,5, S, D, prefixed, of which Particles see vii. 2, 6, 7, 8. 7. OF THE USE OF THE SERVILES. 1. M prefixed forms 1st person singular future of Verbs. 2. D prefixed, in, &c. 3. n prefixed, sign of Conjugation, Hiph. or Huph. postfixcd, denotes a N. Fem. also 3rd per. Fem. prcter. likewise Aer, to, towards. t SlS»1 pref. 2 to the two Radicah S&J :{:i;?1 pref. ♦ tothetvYo RadicalsyT § ap insert 1 and the Root will he QV"? J! ^y1^ affix nand fho Root will. be nvy ^ Sj the last Radical doubled SSj 3. nprefixed,si- ••.^.,1 ,.111 KS. l_J liy !' tt'y»1 affix nand the Itoot uill be nvv «[I Vj the last Radical doubled SSj THE POINTS, Without entering on the question of their authority, it will be useful to notice the Points used in reading. The points:— lake it for granted that all the letters are consonants, and the points are themselves the vowels.— nbicii are divided into Long, sound. Short, sound. Very short, sound. Shera. sound. a at. e open. e loved. a T e far. ^reat. a e lasu bed. i dinner. i diet. b •u pole, tune. T u lot. bulk OBSERVATIONS. 1. The points are pronounced after the letter they n re under. 2. The short a, only, is pronounced before them under iT..". 3, When the Sheva is pronounced it is syllabic-il, at other times mute. ♦. A dot placed in the middle of a letter ss 3 is called a Dagesh, and double? tiie letter sometimes, as b. b. insteadofb. and at others harden it."->nn never adiHit of it. N and "> very seldom. 5. In n it is called Mappik, aud gives it the sound of ah. 6. The absenceof (he Dot leaves to the litter its natural sound. 7. "^ The symbol of the long a and the short o, is alivavs a, except when the letter follovving has the middle or Dagesh point, wlien it has the S"U!idofo; and also when the letter following is pointed with the Mute Siieva, unless a uu'.v'v is placed between the Sheva and it, when it gives the a sound, and makes the Sfivva syllabical. B. The Sheva : is syllabical. i. At the beginnin? of words. 2 ^vben two Shesa's follow each other in the middle of a word, the latter is svHnbica! and the Ji)riu*r mute. At the end of words they are both mute. 3. It is syllaiiical when a )o)i<,' v»kU>l precedes it. i. Also when it is preceded by a Dagesh. 5. And when two letters alike follow each other, though after a short vowel. 9 The Sheva is generally mule. 1. after a short vowel. 2. ]f affixed to ' ft »i.e besinuingof a word it is changed into the shoit i. 10. Of the v< TV short vowels the a is generally adopted when it precedes a guttural, in the middle of a word the o is sometimes used for the same piirpose. and the e when any guUural preceded by the semi-point comes in ihe niiiidle of a word, and it is always put beneath the K in words beginning with ♦^l*- From these observ,itions it may be noliced that readiiiu the Hebrew wiibint pjiuis supposes the K.is a., n is e. ^ is u, * is i, and y is o, wjieu two tonsouaats follow eai h other, ilie short e it) tusr-rted between them. Inreadin? with the points hU the letters are c^as'^jiants, ap4, the poinU are the vowels to the words. Genesis xxxvii. 3.— "Now Israel loved Joseph more than all his other l)reiihreii, because he was the son of Ins old age, and he made him a co'fttof two' colours." 1^ ^^n D^jp;. ]2 '^s v:2 h^t? ^ov nx 2n^ ^^^^^.] lo hoo zekunim ben ke bannav mikol Yosseph elh ahab Vesrael Uvau tva xeqniia ben ci beoiV« ine-cel Jiisep at. aab , Viin. kethoneth lo vheng-asah pesiai. ceteuct Iev«u va-uiche LEXICON. nm 3lt to swell, heave, distend, I. n"l!2K bottles of skin, n^K a botilc, a jug, Latin Obba. 2. 3t< as a n. mas. greenness, viridii j *3i< fruifs.3. ^^3^t papvris. 4. S^ti n. mas. feni. plu. ^^3^f ri35< lUe splnt of divinaiion, m. divining damsels, ie:n. i. e. ventriloquists. !J*3X new corn s'ili t:reon, swollen to iis fall size. 3*3Kn C'lH the month Abib of green corn. *7UK lost missed, strayed, failed, ceased, destroyed. 1. to be lost, destroyed, n. f. mSK, and in llL-^im. mSK a thing lost- 2. undone, nigh to perishing. 3. lost, de- stj'oyed, perished p^2H destruction. 4- tv destroy, corr'.ipi, pervert, be prufligale, A?aiixv Rev. U. 11. nSKl.to acquiesce, be willing, submit. 2. transitively, to consent (lo). 3. acquiesce, rest content. 1. 3ft a father, ancestor,fir3t author, origin, a father iii honor, governor, protector, instructor, leacher, tender con- stant benefactor. 5. lV!lt« Acquiescent from poveny, poor, submissive. 6. HJVSK satisfaction. T. Alas .' hence At6» alas ! heuce abbot, abbess, abbey. HDK noisy. ■12K to nwant up, be dispersed. Sat* to be desolate, waste. 2. to mourn. 3. a particle, of sonow. Alas ? indeed. Indeed in tru.h. Bui indeed, yet indeed. SsfctjSniK a river, see "^S* 3. Der. A?cc?.i alas ! oh that •' ^Sl* see ni3 a plummet. D3K to stufif, cram. ^12^ a stall, crib, D3K stalled, faaed, D2XO .-» storehouse, magazine, fattening stall. Der. Obesus. Obesity, boose, a stall. putt to collide, v.-res le, s'.rugsle, small dust, powder. "V3t< 1. strong, stout, migh'y, or bulls. 9 the material heavensi the mighty ones. 3. the wing of a bird, in which is his strength der. Abiri, a city of Wiltshire so cailu d from a Druid Temple dediaited to the D''13H the material-heavens. ■!:iK in Chald. to bind, collect. 1. mjH a bunch, bundle (of herbs.) 2. PMiH the bunches or knots (of a yoke.) 3. m;iK a close body or knot (of men) or baud uf men. 4 mOX the cclesi-d fluid com- pressing itself and the earth on every side. Ps. civ. 13. Anios ix. 6. im see .TJ pruning. 7Ji* see 7i a drop of dew. Om see DJ a pond, or pool. *J5? see p a hason, or goblet. !^Jli* see F\ii the body (of an army.) *^;1I* to gather, collect. 2. WiJl* an epistle, a letter,(froin rolling them up). 3. K'^J}? Chald. ditto. Km:i» emph. 4. H^tlK a small piece of silver coin. Der. Gr. ayzir'jj to gaiher. Lat. agger a heap. Eng. aggerate, or exaggerate, or heap up. IK See ni' a vapour. 3^^* see 21 a groan. alX to be red, reddish, ruddy 2. A rnhy 3. nClK ground vegetaoles, uoun see .lD"t 4. Man seeH-T- CIOTK intensely red. \1^ a ruler, a sockei, see p. 2. Chald. a paiticle see '|*nK ihen, at that time. H^ to be or become magnificent, pom- pous, illusuions, glorious, in Hiph to magnify, glorify, "IHK magnificent, glorious. 2. a magnificent robe, mantle. 3. Chald. threshing floors ♦mK 4. Chald. Adai', the 12ih month the pleasant eastern month February. Der. ««"? gieat, rich, strong. Lat. adorea, glory, praise renown. nni« to love. T\r]^ an iiiterj«clion, ah ! ^TTIft lo pitch or spread a tent 2. a settled habitation. 3. tent 4, C^Snf? aloe tree? l!gn aloes. Der. Gr. AvM, Lat Aula. Ecg. hall. A>Mn Aloes. 3^f< see 35* a ventriloquist. T!tt see m* a firebrand. niJJ to desire, covet, lust after, choose, in Niph. to be l;eau',iful, desirable, as a part n. desirable things, HIKJ jewels, plea- sant plHces, ^l* desire, appetiie, concupi- scence. 2. W a p;iriiclc, implying choice eillicr,o>- whether, or else, o- iherwise, interrogative, an ? 3. as a particle, 'WjIT'^t* oh! ah! woe. Gr. 0-^41 Lrit. Va?. 4. ♦« ah! what ! ♦« & n»K Avherel 5. as an iuterjeciion, with S folh^wing, 5. 'Kah! alas I woe ! 6. n'K a vnltnre 7. D«» ditto, or jackalls. S.Ai, the name of acouuUy. Der. avet>,de»ue HEBREW LEXICON. nn^ p« tIN grossness. 2. gross, atnpid, sottish, foolish. 3. ignorant, uninformed, uncer- tain, dubious stale of inind,*Stf perhaps, may be. Der. Teut. uvel. Eng, evil. t» with p denotes a point of tioiefK ?D from the, or that time. 2 at that time, then, sometimes, 'Tf*. 3 at this time, now. Josh, xxii. 31. 4. instantly, immediately, Ps, Ixix. 5. KT»?nT« and ♦!« Chald. make hot wilh fire. Der. Gr- «^o to dry up, «^« soot. 3tK see UT hyssop. *ltit Chald. escape, get away, Dan. ii. 5. S. vTJ* to go away, go otf, fail. 2. Chald. to go away, go, Ezra, iv. 2S. v. 8. 13. |Ti« to weigh, D'JTS^G scales, Chald. K»J7Kt2 the scales. 2. the ear, to hear, hearken. 3. (o weigh, consider with attention, Eccles. xii. 9. p7K see pT a fetter. "iVti to surround, encompass. ?. to bind round, to girt, n^)N a girdle 3. to gird (up the loins). 4. to gird (with strength). ma seeinVone. tinn in Chald. to join, connect. 1, Hit ilegim. ^nK a brother, relation, cousin, countryman, like, similar, rn« or n\nN a sister. 2. n» an hearth or brasier. 3. •inN a flag, sedge, or reed, for making ropes. 4. HK a particle ah 1 hah ! 5. »Snt« ah me! oh tliat! 6. a'>r\ii howling, or uioaning mor.sters, or doleful creatures. Tn« to catch, seize, lay hold. 2. to possess, have in possession. "inW behind, after. 1. Dnn« the back parts. 2. IMK behind, 1 Chron. Ix. 10 Jiz. ii, 10. backwards. Gen. xlix. iT. Jer. XV. 6. the west, Job xxiii. 8. Isa. ix. IS. 3. n*jnnK Backwards. Geii. ix. 63- I. Sam. iv. 18. * . P^nPiN the hinder- most, extreme part. Ps. cxxxix. 9. 6. P"inK the hindermost, western. Dent- xi. 24. xxxiv. a. Joel 11.20. plural, D»:"ini«. G. as a panicle nriN and npX after, after that, besides. 7. to delay, postpone, defer, stay. 6- H^'ini^ end, latter time, futurity. 9. plHK latter or last tinjc. 10. an other, after, posterior. 11. pitsterity, *'l^^t. Der. after other. tDX 1. stoopi.ig, I Kings xxi. 2T. t3N7 toiidejccndlngly, gently. Gen. xxxiii. 14. 1 jai. viii. C. 2. □♦lOS conjurer, charmers, from ihcir cvetpiu;;, Isa. xix. 3. l^a Arab, to fasten, a bramble, Jud. ix. 14, 15. Ps. Iviii. 10. Der. A7cdnj, the Rhanuius or Christ's thorn. DtO^? to shut, close, stop. Prov. xvii. 28, • Ps. Iviii. 6. I. Kings, vi. 4. Ez. xl. 16. ptflS' thread, Prov, vii. 16. Chald. a rope. Gr. O9ov5i. oSavioy. a linen cloth. "ItSit to obstruct, shut. Ps. Ixix. 16. Jud. iiJ. 15. XX. 16. Der. Gr. «T«p but,«'J'fp without. ♦K to settle, 1. plu. a»»», Chald. |»»» settle- ment, habitation. Job xxiL 30. Isai. XX. 6. xlii. 4. 2. Where n»K. V». 3. as a n. see HIK 6. 7. Der. Aj«, a regica or country. ya to be an enemy, infest, persecute. Gen. xxii. 17. xlix. 2. an enemy, 2VH the per- secuted one, Job. "V)^ particle of degiring.or asking.!. how.' iu what manner. Gen. xxvi. 9. II Sam. xi» 5. IKings. xii. 6. 2. how much? Prov. v. 12. as uparticle nS^S? thus, how, Deut.xviii. 21. II. Kings, vi. 15. to what degree, how much! Jer. xlviii. 17. Lam. i. 1. ii 1. S.Where, nD3'N II. Kings, vi. 13. Cant. I. 7. 3. as a particle nSS'S, thus, how. Cant. V. 3. Esther viii. 6, 7*N see 7l^ a ram, stag, or deer. a»N terrible, Hab. I. 7. Cant, vi, 4. 10. 'jnQK Chald. terrible. ya see ^K not without. VfH see ntt.**,'a being, a man. n*K see n* is, are. |n*K .see THK strong, forcible. it3 an husbandman. ^K to interpose, intervene, mediate, 1. Sam. xiv. 24. 2. God, the inlerposer, intcrve ner. Gen. xiv. 18. 19. Job. a^^i. 2«. 3. the hca-en. Isai. xiv. 13.4. V«. 'VH a leader, Ea. xxxi.2, 5, an interposing parti- HEBREW LEXICON. '!*:'« |TJ< cle the, that I Sam. xiv. 32. Th\^ these Gen. , ii. 1*. G. not.no. 7. a particle, before nouns, to, iuto, among, wiihin, at, near to, towards, against, as to, couceiuing, for, because. 8. 7S7 for, belonging to. 9. nS» an oak. 10. pSt* another species of oak. 11. ^S»N Chald. a tree ditto. 12. see Sl» for SlS%»Vli<.S»l«,nS^Xr liJ. 7lt« de- fence, aid. assistance. 14. HTJt Jnterpo- sition. 15. 7'K an horned animal, a ram, a stag, or deer, hind or doe. 16. C7*N leaders conducting .their people, as rams do their flock. IT. VX some kind of tree 18. the coins of .'^tone. on eacli,side of the door frames. lO.SSi* S'Sx. *71^» nought, vain, nothing; worth, D»7'7K, D7'7K nullitie?, worthless. ' 7^K wo ! alas ! 7I7K .Elul, the sixth month, August. Tna to curse, denounce a curse, adjure. 2. D*ri'7X he by whom men swear and ad- lure, the names given to God, the Creator, to Christ,Ps. xlv. 7. to the heavens by ido- liitors, to the heavens as the agents of Je- hovah, to judges, magistrates, Ps. Ixxxii. 6. but only as vicegerents, representatives of God. 3. ni*7X a par. n. passive, ac- cursed, or suiiject to a curse. 4. P/Nn n. Fein, sing in Reg. a curse. 5. n*7N , the tail of the eastern sheep. 'ha a particle from /N interpose, and ^ it, if, supposing. 2. Chald. see, behold, lo I rhH Arab, to grow sour, to be cotTupted, leavened. ^ Sn ah to me ! from X ah .' and ♦*? to me, ItJ* Chald. these, those. D7N to compress, constringe, bind. 1. a bundle or sheaf (of corn). 2 a band (of men). 3. silent, mute. 4. D /K, dSv, D7»N a vault, arched porch, or poitico. 5. r^lUfH vaulted porticoes or palaces 6. D'^IK a particle of firmnessjconfidence, yet, not^^ilhstanding, truly. 7. T^iKhn widowed, a widow. S. ♦J07K passed over in silence, not expressed. Der, Lat. Alumen, and Eng. Alum. pa an oak, Chald. these, those. . ff^a chief, principal, leader. 1- f^"* 7K chief- taiu, a leader, a chief. 2. Ppa a chief number, a thousand. 3. P)">Sh an ox, beeve^ ♦. to lead, guide, teach. Der. EXefa;, an elephant . ^7K to urge, leaze, distrtas. Der. '^^'^i trou ble, an.^ety, from which came moles, trouble, difiicuUy. DK to support, sustain, comfort. 1. HICK posts, pillars, supporters. Isaiah vi. 4. 2. a mother. 3. ditto in dignify, protectress, instructress. 4. a mother ciiy, metropolis. 5. the mother of a way, or where ways part. 6. HOK a family, race, nation. Chald. ditto, and N'DK. 7. that part of a man's arm, wJiich supports him in leaning, from the elbows to the tip of the middle finger, about 18 inches, a cubit. niDNcubits, Chald. ]'D» 8. nSK con- firmation, firmness. 9. a particle, of supposition, if, supposing, that, since, though, alihongh, certainly, of inter- rogation, whether, if, truly, in swearing, denieth. 10. DK ly nuUl ON "^^'K l]f till the time, that, QN »3 certainly. 2. but in truth. 3. When indeed. Der. amo, I love, mamma, mother. DDX a maid servant, female slave, a bond- maid. Der. Span, ama, a maid servant, a nurse. 7CN to languish, be weaK, feeble, pine away. 7 7DX to be extremely weak. Der. ci^>.Q; and afMX^T^vg weak, languid. |DK steadiness, stability, constancy. 1. to make steady. 2. nUDK stays, props, thresholds. 3. to be steady, stable, settled, confirmed, constant, established. 4. stea- diness, faithfulness, amen, it is true, truly, in faith. 5. to lend , take care of. a nur- sing, or foster father. D'JON nursing, njDN a being nursed. pCK a nurse child, a darling. 6. to believe, trust, rely, de- pend. 7. yi^a an Egyptian idol, the fostering (sun.) Der. amen, omen, omi nous. VDJ? to be strong, vigorous, *IDKD exer- tions. 2. a lively bright bay, or sorrel. "\DK to branch out, spread, diffuse. 2, to say, speak, a word, speech. 3. to branch out, (an opinion, resolution) to conceive, form, imagine, think. 4. Chald. a lamb. pi. VDK a particle, '^rom tt'O to recede, time past, lately, yesterday, yesternight. TK labor, pains, activity, pt* labor, pains, activity. 2, an Egyptian idol, (the sun), C*JKn labors, fatigues, 4. to labor grieve, pK grief, affliction, distress, wickedness, iniquity, vanily. 5. as a particle of place \^, see under HiN iv. i. C. HJH oh I alas •' HEBREW LEXICON. "IDK lit I pray. 7. njNn the fig tree, the grid tree, D»J»n figs, pK to be exhausted, ]'\:ii Chald. these, those. ]'« uot, without, none, nobody, nothing, 73 T^N nothing at ail, r«3 all but, ]*»3 from whence. itJ« as a particle, seeKJ a. Chald. 1. 3JN Chald. fruit. nJK occurrence, presence. 1. to occur, happen, Ps. xci, 10. ^i^?^l an occar- reace, occasion. 2. ♦JK I. liK we. 3. ♦:« n^ili a ship. 4. a particle of place, or tune, whither where, n:S* 1)f or |» T;? how long ■? when, ]*N0 from whence. nii? to sigh, groan. 1. Hni^ oppression, sighing. 2, IPIJit v/e. Der «>'» grief, sorrow. njS a plumb line, from HSJ to hit. 2. a pronoun ^23^ I. Dii* 10 press, urge. Esth. i. 8. 2. Chald. to give trouble, Dan. iv. G. P>3H to breathe or snuflf with the nostrils, to be angry 9. HSJK an unclean bird, ("the hiton) 3. Chakl. face, countenance plir? to moan, or groan. 2. HpJK a kind of iiaard, Der. anguish. «?3^ to be infirm, ill, bad. 1. to be sick, II Sam. xii. 13. 2. to be hurt, wounded, Job xxxiv. tj. 3. to be violently grieved Ps. Ixix. 51. 4. bad, weak, frail, Jer.xvii, 9 6. a^tt^Ji? infirmities, 1 Sam. xvii 19.; G. VlJt*, a human being, a wretch. rJ» Chald. thou, pnjK ye. ODtt see GD a barn. ]0>? see p dissipation. rj3H to gather, collect, take away. 1. to ga- ther, collect, assemble, HISOK collections, 2, to gather in, collect. 3. to take in, re- c«ive 4. to gather up, to draw back, with- draw 5. to gather up, PjOKD the rear, rear guard. 6. to take away, take off, with- draw, wane. 7. to take otf, destroy. 8. to recover, withdraw from, P|D3DK a rabble, or mixt multitude. Der, Aff?:;; the asp, from its coiling up. En hasp. , , -,-. •IDS to confine, restrain, 1. to conflfl^re .strain, bind, (with a cord.) 2. to act in .iiiay, marshal, iJ. to conline, oblige, bind, (by oath). 4. to restrain, or be rt.Ftrained, (hy fc'ak) 6. tb Tiiy' uiidcr rrstrrijnls, (by laivs ) 6; Chald ftto obligu- lory dicrco. y» and NJ;K Chaid. wood. *7S» to bind clo.se. 2. *7&», and TISK an ephod. 3. r\"7&W a waistcoat, vestment, vest, the girdle of (he cphod, 4. pSK, Chald. a pavilioit, royal tent. Der. airrvu to bind. n^K to hea^ through bake, Q^SKabaker, flesh drest by firt. "a. an ephah, about seven gallons and a half, the baking mea- sure. 3. nS*i? where. 4. P^H heat, an- ger, wrath. 5 . P]K the nose, plu. D*BK the nostrils. ♦SK'? before, in the presence of. 6. a particle, verily, sunfly, indeed- ♦3 P)»yea,wlK>n. »3 f|S1 ar.d that, yea that ^. ^SN see T\ti ^Si^ tu face, (nose,) on all . sides, to surround, encompass. 73X to hide» conceal. 2. thick, darknc's. |3!< see ni& a wheel. DDK to fai!,cease lo be.as n. end , extremity, failing, sole of the foot. 52 as) a particle, only, *D D5K only, because, nevertbelei«. ;?&N see n)?S a puff. p^H to constrain. 2. to force oneself. 3- D^p'SK compaci, firm, strong. 4. p*SK a torrent, see p2i Der. u-Tyvi/w, Lat. figo, whencq fix. n&K see "IS ashes. VK to press, urge, hasten. 2. to press upon, straiten, confine, Der. haste, hasten, hasty. SXK to set apart, keep, reserve, .iVifK a re- serve, a something over. 3- 'O^'Hi persons 8Ct JX1S a treasure, an armoury, ni"lVt? treasures . 2. to appoint a treasurer. Der. the for- mative n being prefixed 0>)2-avp; trca. snry. IpK the wild goat, w goat deer, nN lo fiow, a river, Hood. 2. "IK* and "TIN* arivef,8;ream. 3 "lIN light, used for lightiiing, Uie sun, joy, prosperity, as a vert/ to be light shine, be cnligtitcned ani.^ streams, fluxes of light, '^iKC a mean of liuht, (the .sun), a lamp. HIIND a frame of orbs, giving or rellecting light. 4, DH1K urim, lights, (and perfections), b. . r"ll^D a lishi hole. G. to curse, i. e" to pjonouucc, tlux, llectiug, vile. 1 Grass. , iroin its Heeling, perishing nature. 8- "TIK to ciubc gvcrtily. D'T\KO causing a curoc, or dcstiuciion. Der. A>jp, Aer, air, HEBREW LEXICON. Kr.K KnTi'i'? also hora, hour, aurBm, gold colour like the %iit, also year. S">S to lie in wait, auibusb. ± na^S an stmbusb, fissures, cracks, cb inks, holes, li'.rkiog places, holes (ia rocks,) \vindov.ii, opeiiiiig-s ('.ur the eyes.) 3, a locust. JIK lo weave, a shutUe. Der A^o-X'^ ^ spider. mK to pluck ofiFj crop. 2. Til^^N stalls. S. a lion. "HK Chald. see, behold, !o ! T^X as a n. a cedar, see ^71. mx to go in a track, or high road, a tra- yeiittr, a way, paiU, ro.'.cl, a way, niioner, caslom 2. Hmx acustoiaary, or settled allowance. "•pJl to be or grow, lung, length. 2. to lengthen, prulojig. 3. to advance, pro- ceed, prosper fO'ii? advance, progress. 4, ■'iHU ChaJd. expe.lient, litting. C^it, a n. j1J2*il a palace, see CH. pK see p. JjnxChaid. low, inferior. 2. Chald. the ; earth. j ^"VK the earth, dry land. p'^H as a u.Jem. Kp"lK Cfaald. the eaith. *i"11t to betroth, espouse. rxfire. 2- or C\^ is- 3. nrx a fire of- fering. 4. WN, n^K, see Wilder T.r* a person, or thing. 5. K'tt'lt Chald. fooBdations G. Ti^^ffX or T^VCK foun- dations. Wa to t e grieved, amgry, fiied at oneself. ^CCiJ Uagous or jars baked in fire. Der. Lat, asso, lo roast Eng. ashes. ytH sec mST a strciia. "ICN a testicle, oricitcr. 'T'w'X an oak. Ctf S< to be gnil'y, liable to pauishmcn", cuilt. damage. 2. NXCi? an idol. jiCK see JW^K uu'icr^' the verys:ibst;!.nco, P'tVii a sort of conjurors or majjicians- r:St?K a qnivcr, Sf-e HSr. niSVN dung, or durvghili, see ri-t*- ■>tt?It to proceed, go forwnrd, be successfii!, jvrosperoos, a iiep, proceeding, progress fi.4:a esteem, wish eucccsj to. S. ihe pro- '. noun \\\\o the cojijunrtion tliat, because _thau in the ni:ntl;cr that, when, where, wbrrcas, "U'n3 a^, according' .is. 4. mWX.and.Cn!^'^ a giove,' or idol dedi- caicu to the material tcateng. the blesacrs. 5. nWKn the bo.K tree. 6. W~fc.»< Chald. a wall, see "^*i*. ^r\H Chald. to come. r.rttt io tome, come near^ approach, TiVrit things coming, pHii* access, entrazice. ■-'• ^'^X a sign, or token. 3. mi? cDsigKs, 4. r\i< n couitor, 6. ♦r\K me. C. HK ru^JT thoa, of thee, thine. 7. a particle Til the, the very, it denotes the ucciisatice if the verb be active, but nominative if passive or neuter. *in^K tlico, inKs from him, with, to, lovvards HKO from with, from the. 8. nrK, Kr» Chald. to come. Der. at, with, the, thee, tiicu. jflN strong, (like cone.) 2. ^PflH stioDf, (like a fortress). 3. p^Ka she ass. i. ^ri'N strong, forciLJe, violent. 5. D*;r.X the lih month, Sept. (i. priK a furnace. priN see pr^2 a c!oi5ter er gallery. ■^r»< Chald. a place. i:;2X see "Sl^ a belt. CTi^aiX sec r;23 a species of melon. Ti^ySySK see •"i>3 luir.oors. "j^ax the talker o: blessing. »*^83"VJX chargers, basons. "l7Jn"tX Chald. uooies, prefects. X'7T^*IX Chaid. magniticently. i-~*TX a d.iric, aboni 26 shillings. "^^TCniN Adramlech, an Idol. xncnx Ectabana, the capital of iledia. D'-S"myr:K viceroys, satraps. a*iinwnK a large mule. n3*N a particle v.here, in what what appeai-ance. N^S*X sec HKS where, here. VSJ^K see C3J large hailstones. C»111:Sn Thyne wood. n'jw'7x ditto \n'^i( sec S^^X widowhood. QlpSx I he irresistible. MP.Zft wc. NJISDN Chald. speedily, diligently. Kl3K 5CC XS here. Z3n3X Ciiald. tribute, revenue. TJ1X seo TJ!T a small case. ^^J*1X see CJT the purpura. .p"^X CUald. purple. *7Knx the lion of God. 2. J>.. .. ., the hearth of ilie altar. plac-: of HEBREW LEXICON. n3 n33 rOy^^ the hare. n\imn see nnty sedition. bwnK see vSn yesterday. 3 a particle, abridged from Hli hollow, or D*3 within, in, within, among. 2. pre- fixed to infinitive verbs, when. 3. to. 4. against. 5. with, together with. 6. con- cerning, of. 7. into. 8. by, by means of. 9. after. 10. For, on account of. 11. according to. 12. upon, above. 13. of. ttd to come, or go. K13D or 1?3D going in, entrance, the final N of this root, is often dropped. 2. to come, advance. 3. nS^Sn a coming in, a revenue. **N3 to open. irnSS a pit. 2. to engrave deeply. 3. to open, declare, make evi- dent. VK3 to sQnk, a slench..2. D'tt^K^ a stink- ing berry the hoary nightshade. 3. T\Vh2 the aconite. *. to become loathsome, abominable. 5. Chald. with Sy following, to abominate. NH^^NS abominable. 33 hollow, empty, vain. 2. 313i hollow, made hollow. 3. n33 the sight, or pu- pil of the eye. ^3 meat, food. 1^13 a covering, clothes, 'an outer gar- ment, a cloak, robe, coverlet of a bed. a cloth covering foi the tabernacle. 2. a cover or cloak, hypocrisy, falsehood. 3, to use a cloak of dissimulation, deceive. "?3 to separate, disjoin, seperate, alone. 13/ apart. ^D 137 without, besides. •?37D besides. 2. flax. 3. D*T3 branch- es. 4. staves, poles. &. the branching, spreading limbs of the crocodile. 6. a •Oft of conjurors. IIS to be all alone, quite atone. Der, Lat. viduus, whence widow &c. K13 to feign, devise. *n3 to divide, seperate, distinguisb, a- part, separated. 2. 7»*J3 tin. 1^*'^ a breach, rupture, fissure,. ■^*I3 to scatter, disperse. •13 ^JXZ hollow, empty, 2. n3 the apparent hollow or pupil of the eye. 3. TSD an ark, an hollow vessel. tUtVi red marble, porphyry, 7,13 to hurry, be hasty. nSnS an hasting away, terror. w*n3 haste hurry. 2. to be agitated. 3. to be hujTied, terrified^ affrighted Dn3 Ethiopic, and Arab, to be dumb, nOnS a brute, a dumb beast, any brute, any terrestrial quadruped of some size. 2. nions the hyppotamus, or river horse. ^ ^n3 the thumb, or great toe. pn3 to shine, shining spots in the leprosy "ins Arab, to shine very much. "I*n3 bright, shining, resplendent. mn3 a shining leprous spot. 73 to spoil, plunder, strip. 2. to detract from, reproach, upbraid. 773 to plunder repeatedly. N73 overwhelmed. .'173 to despise, contemn, slight, mSi despise. p*7il contempt. p73 a flash of lightning. 172 to disperse, dissipate. 7n3 to nauseate, retch. TPin to try, prove, examine. ^HS and V\T\1 a watch tower. Der. beacon, beckon, "jns to admire. 2. a choice man. 3. 3 1H3 to look at with affection. 4. Eccles. ix. 4. should be. Iin* Kt23 to speak rashly, niai ditto Prov. xii. IS. ntfl3 to hang close, cling. 2. to trust, rely upon, confidence, S. D*nS23» fruits of the melon kind. 7l33 to cease, leave off. ^fi33 Syriac to conceive, the belly. 2. the belly or central part of a pillar. 3. D*Jtt3 pistachio nuts. Der. to batten, make fat, or great bellied ♦3 from 3 to ♦ mc. attend to me, Gen. xllii. 19. have pity on mc, Exod. iv. 10. ^*3 see ^3 between h'3 see r3 large &c. tt33 the name of a large shrub. n33 to oose, to weep, shed tear«. 2. to weep for, bewail, 8. an oozing *33« 133 to be forward, precede, to precede, the first-born 1^33 a firstling. 2. Dni33 first fruits. 3. nni33 the first ripe fif • *• a dromedary. S3 to mix, mingle. 2. to confonnd, des- troy (by mingling.) S- a Babylomsb HEBREW LEXICON. ?=» ->r3 idol, Baal. 4. Sin see nSa- i. SuD a flood, deluge. 0. vDD a mixture, con- fusion. 7. the mixt globe of earth and ■water. 8. Sa Chald. the heart. 77^ to mix very much. V?^. a mixture (of provender.) ?/3n a spot or blemmish in the eye. K^a Chald. to wear out consume. Hl?^ old vForn out. 2, l?^ Chald. a kind of tax. i 72 to langh, smile. n 7^ to wear, -naste away, 1- to wear, be worn out. '1.2 old worn out (pieces.) 3 to be worn out (by age, disease, &c.) 3. to wear out spend entirely, (time.) 4. tire (by opposition.) 5, to wear away, waste (as enemies.) 6. to, waste away, consame (in the grave") ♦*?IS consump. tion, dissolution. T. nri72 wasting., 8 n*7ir\ dissolution, destruction, g. ^12 tlie 8ih, month October, provender, the rotten stump of a tree. 10. 72 a negative particle not, in no wise, that, not, lest. 1*73 a negative particle iiot,withoat. 19. *n'?2 as a particle, not, unless, besides, before a noiui but, except, Der. Old Eng. bale, mischief, destruction, whence baleful. D 72, to contine restrain, 2. nD*72 that which binds or restrains, a tether, bridle. D72 to scrape, scratch. J?72 to swallow, swallow up. 2. to fewallow up, (remove out of sight.) Der. belly, Lat. bellua. 2572 to ravage, lay waste. Der. bleak, blight. »TO2 to be high, elevated. !♦ high place, a hill, hillock, wave.«. 2. an high place, or lofty altai- dedicated to the powers of the heavens. 1tt2 see lO under !1D in, into, the, very. ]2 to divide, scperate. 1. to destingiush» discern, understand, nj'2 discernment, discretion. 2. as a particle, j*2 between, within, iu the midst, repeated, whether. 3. nii»2 intervals. *. D*J2 an iater- ferer, a champion. J32 to teach, instruct, cause to discern. T\:2 to build. \*J2 a building. ni2» a frame, model, n'J2n a form, pattern, model. 2. to build again, repair. 3. to repair, restore. 4. to fortify. 6. to build up, increase a family by children. C. a son, a grandson, the o.Tspring of bi; d or beast. D'J2 youth, young men. ♦w2 my sou, (a term of aliection.) D^nSx ?2 to clear off, take clean away. 2. to clear away, consume, waste. 3. to be kindled, barn (with anger,) 4. to cleai- off [iu grazing.] 6. a brutish person. ny2 to disturb, affright. r:ry2 terror. \'2 soft mud. 2. ^1^ Byssus, 3. D'XO the eggs of birds. Ky2 soft mud, mire. ''i2 an onion. >*y2 to break, cut off. 3. to finish, com- IIEJ5REW LSXlCa.V. ^'\2 r\2 plcte. S. to clip, or cut silver for Mo- ney. 4. gain advantage, 6. lo defraud. j3tl to be made soft by moistening. I. to be made soft, tender. 2. moistened meal> paste, dough. ■>yi to restrain, shut up. 2. to inclose, fortify. 3. to house, gather in. 4, rn^2 or n^'^^^ drought. Der. a bazaar. p2 to empty. 1. to be empUed. 2. to emp- ty, exhaust. pp2 to entirely empty, papa a bottle. Der. Lat. Vico. J?p3 to sepcratft, cleave, split, burst. 1. to cleave [a rock.] 2. break forth. 3. to split, cleave (wood.) *. to divide, sepc- rate. 5. to tear in pieces. 6. to rip up 7. to break into a camp or city. 8. to hatch as eggs. 9. to break forth, as light. 10. to burst, rush forth, as wind, H. a breach, in a building. 12. a shekel broken, an iialf shekel. 13. Hj/pQ a val- ley, or break between hilis, ")pi to look upon, survey. 1. to look, search, examine. 2. to look for, seek. a. to seek, enquire, 4. ITlpi an enqui- ry, animadversion. 5. morning light. G. a beeve. "^pil ji a calf. Der. per. haps, Lat. vacca, a cow. tt^pH to seek. 1. to seek, to search after, a lost thing. 2. to seek an unknown thing. 3, to seek, require. 4. lo seek, endeavour to obtain. 5. S Vp2 to seek to do. 6. to seek Jehovah (in worship.) "i. tt?p2 VSi HK to seek the life, to endeavor to kiU. ■<3l to clear, cleanse, purify. 1. to clear.- cleanse (from chaff.) corn so cleansed. n, clean. Hna pure, bright, (a sola,. llame.) *^S pure ether. 2. the ciear open connti-y. 3. "13 "112 ni"13 a pit, a well. 4. to purify. 5. to be pure, pmiiy. 6. a son, child, innocent, (a bcarn.) 7. to make clear, plain, mauifcst. 8. n»*»3 a purifier, puriGc.iiioii, purification sacri- tice, salt wort, or sonic cleansing herb, 9. "^a "^1^ lixivial or alkaline salt, 10. mn Sya Baal the purifier. 1\. .T'Ml a palace, a mctroixjlis. KU'l^Z Chald. a palace. nVin'3 p.ilacos. 12 T13 to cleanse, purify thoroughly, *ia^3 clean fowl. W">3 to create, produce into being. 2. to form by concretion of matter. NH^ plump, grown full {in llesh.) 3. to do Bouieihiug wonderful, a new creation. 4. to be renewed, renew, make anew. 5. to dress, prepare. 6. Chald a field. T^3 hail, congealed raiu. 2. grisled, (wLite spots upon black.) m2 to feed, eat. •T"13 victuals. m3 to pass, fiee, flee away. n*"13 a fugi- tive, run away. 2. a bar, to pass, shoot along. 3. mn rni the straiijhl serpent, crocodile, or sea monster. 112 to couch, lie down. 1 to couch, rest, kneel, the knee. 'i. ri3"^3 a reser- voir, a pool. 3. to blcs.9, give, promise, Clike God.) 4. tow, (like man ) na^i a present, a blessing. 5. to saluie, wish a blessing to. Der. From "V^^ the knee, perhaps the gaulish braaca, a part of dress covering the knees, and Eng. breeches. D")3 □'C'na rich apparel. 2. Chald. bur, truly, a flash. pia to lighten, lightening. 2. a glister, glitter. 3. np^3 a carbuncle. 4. p'^S a thorn. Der. Bright. 8^nn tynn u.e fir or cedar. 2. c'wina things made of fir or cedar. Der. brush* n"^2 species of the cypress. V^ to flag, grow spiritless, inactive. tfV3 to flag very much, loiter, delay, be ashamed, qtule confounded. Der. Bashtul, abash. /'yJ-'S to concoct, ripen. 2. to dress with file, roast, r\\7t^2.12 places for dressing victuals. 3. as a particle see W in all that, for. Cii'Ii Chald. sweet, agreeable, an odori- ferous plant or flower, ^VZi. to tread, trample. Ittr'a to spread, spread out, 2. to spread, spread abroad. ."HlVa news tidings. 2. fiofhofincn, and all animals, the inner skin, man, as infirm, and weak, soft, pliable, carnal, scjjsual (appcliles,) near relation, cousinguinity, the secret parti. TO capacity, room, place. 1. bath, a large measure, «even gallons and a half. 2. OTO receptacles. *n3 3. boxes. 4. nir\3 capaciiics. b. n*3 large, inside a house, (a resceptacle for man,) household family, house, subMance, estate, a temple^ D*r3 hangings, canopies, pavilions, in, within. C. a palncc. 7. TO the pupil of the rye Chald. to pass the ni^ht. HE B HEW LEXICON. nzi TJ ^7^3 Arab, to seperate, sever. 1. ri^ir3 a marriagable virgin. Q' nHH the marks of virginity. pr\3 to cat io pieces, nni to divide asunder. *iril divisions. •i. Cha'.d. after. TnlZ a pearl. ♦"lySs withoat, besides, except. Sv'^a unprofuableiiess, wickedness. 2. worthless, -wicked, good for nothing. 3. worihlcss, ■wicked men. St^I iron (tlie bright fuser.) OiC3 see DJ in as much as. "423 V3 see ■^3^ a long while. 'cSv3 see under V on account of whom. HKi to increase, rise, swell. VMii a rising up [of smoke,] a swelling. 2 H^i pi. niN*JI a rising groaud, lawn. 3. to be exalted. ^^KJ exaltation. 4. proud, vainly, elated, lified up. \\^i ami r^ai pride, liaughliness. Der. Greek yaijj to be proud, exult, French, and i£ng. gay, gaiety. Italian gioia. ^m to vindicate, avenge, recover, i lo vindicate, recover, deliver. 2. to rcaeeni (an inberitauce,) a near kins- . ia?.u. n^Kiredempiion, right of redenip- - tion, price of redemplion. 3. pollute^ defile, i. to avenge, take vengeance. Zl gibbosity, protuberance. 1. the !;ack, [of a man J 2. the base (of an altar,) or back. 3. 3i;i the locust in its caterpillar slate, 4. D*3JI a vaulted, and arched room 5. 3J a brothel. 6. C*2J vanlted. leservoirs (,for water.) or acquertucts. 'i. *2i the bosses [ot a .shield.] 8, the felloe^ '-'•or ri:ij:3 ofa wheel. 9. r\2Jl felloes or -' beudiuj;; rin-^s of ^\heeli. 10. the eye- - brows. 11. C3^33 heap.?, banks, ridgeF, 1-2. Zi and K3:i a pit, dangcon. Chnld. iJ. C*3i» bu6ba:u!men. ,14. pi gib- 4 ,^wis, liumpbacked. ril;*2J gibbosity, 'il5#'yni»iit. 15, Tli*3i cheese. Der. gib- .i bou.s, &;c. ^^■S a pit, dileb, poo!. TIIJ 10 be l>ii;h, elevated, lofty, height. Jiuijes y. -2 to be elated, haiighry, proud, 1^'. i-h',iiie.^5. 3. lo tuke courage. 2. Ciiron- '='>■!]. iJ. . Der. gibbet n3> tJh'il'ci;*t)efore, forcbcad baia. ' ,; C 733 to bound, terminate, a bound, limit, border. 2. 7"I3J a land-mark, boundary. ,, Der. gabble, Islandic gabl, Eng. gabel. |33 see 3i humpbacked. y3J conicaluess 1. "J?33 a monntain, or hill .slope. 2. J?*3.' a goblet, or a large driuldng vessel, 3. D*y*33 the bowls of the candlestick. 4. rl^SJO caps, or bonneis. ^3J to be stiong, powerful, to prevail. n"»'l3i sucngth, might, victory. 2. a man. Cn^3J mighty men. 3. n^3i a lord, master, chief. ri*\'3J a lady, mis. tress. Der. Greek xvbfpvaw Latin guber- no, French gouverner, English guber. nation, govern. 'C?3J Arab, to shave off. 1. t-'^Si hail. e?'D;iS» large hail stones. 2. W»3i a large pearl, or chrystal, ii Arab, to expand, a flat rcof or top. li to ass?ult, attack, rnsb. 2. ^Mi banks. 3. *li a kid. 4-. coriander. 5. 1*JI a nerve, tendon, sinew, 6. an heathen, cod. IIJ to assault or attack oneself, rmJ wounds, cuts. "jn3 an invasion to invade, the surface of the ground. 7*73 to increase, grow great. 2. a cone, or conical cluster of flowers. 3. 7*|J0 a lower growing wider from top to bottom, a tariet, a pulpit. 4. to rang, nify, makeilhistrio'is, to esteem greatly, grow proud, liiumph. V*^^ to break, cut, cast down, demolish. ^"13 to reproach, revile, blaspheme, defy. ^"73 to make -i fence, inclose, a mason. rb.-»r, pant for breath. 2. to ex- pire, breath cut with pain. T3 to take off, away. 2. eaten grass. 3. ^^ grazings. 3. to cut away, sbcar. 4. to clip short, poll. 5. r\»T3 hewn ot pol- lisbed stone. 6. I^-H a lopping, pruuiug* TP to shear. le HEBREW LEnCO.V. nV:i ^^ if]y to plunder, ravage, 2. *?1P the young of pigeons. Der. guzzle. D13 to cut short, or down, a locust, or caterpillar. J^fJ to cut, cut oflF a stmnp. ITi to divide, cut off. nni^D iastru- ments for cutting. 2, to cut or chew eagerly. 3. Arab, to slaughter. 4. to cut.polish. «. a polish. 5. to decree, decide, cut short. 6. Chald. KnU soothsayers. ns to break, burst, thrust forth. 4. ^in3 the breait or belly of crawling reptiles. 7H3 a live coal. 2. fiery meteors, flashes of fire. 3. nSna a live coal, an only son. Der. a coal. jflJ to bow down, fall prostrate, the belly of reptiles. ♦3 and K»J see HKA and JTia a lawn or valley »]*:i see ^ai to strike. ^J to roll, (as a stone.) 2. to roll (as the earth in its diurnal motion.) 3. (to- gether as a BcroU.) 4. (as waters.) ^73 waves. /3 a spring, fountain, well. 5. fhi the bowl (of the candlestick. 6. Va revolution (of time.) 7- to exult, leap, jump, (for joy.) Sl3 exultation. 8. with S^* or Sy to devolve, commit, trust. 9. a roundish heap of stones. 10. ri^3 ronnd hemispherical tops, convex without, concave within. 11 . /3J* a globular drop of dew. 12. SjO a sickle. 773 to roll over and over. 0*7*73 folding, rings, rollers, pullies. hS'tJ a border, limit, confine. 77.13 because of. SSj dung. D^S'iSa dungy gods. S373 to roll ovfr and over, the matter of the heavens, whirlwind, thistle, down, a wheel. Fwyfi the human skulls. vh^ Chald. to discover, reveal. 373 a barber, shaver. Der. glib. Greek -/Xty(pw Lai. elaber. 173 Chald. to congeal, cruet over, skin. Der. Lat. gelidus. Eng. gelid. Welch .caled. ^73 to remove, carry away. Chald. the same. ri7^3 a transmigration, a removal. !^> to remove turn back (garments.) to uncover. 4. to discover, reveal, 5. ]V73 a mirror. 6. Q*J*73 transparent ^^rraents. Der. galei, or galeotoe. n73 to shave. D 73 to wrap, roll together, an embryo, the unformed mass. Der.^ Lat, glquius* ^ng. globe, globular. y73 to deride, scorn, taunt. 8^73 to shiae. glister, glisten. Chald. tt^l73 bald. Der. gloss. Lai. glacies. 03 over and above, moreover, even, also. D.1D3 as veil as. C3Jtt'3 in a9 much as, even since. 2. D^X a pond, a pool. 3. a reed, or bull-rush. 4. |03X a caldrou, or great kettle, a rush, a rope. ^<'^3 to sup up, swallow. 2. the papyrus. "703 shorter, contracted, 0**ID3 gamma- dims, (a nation.) .103 Arab, to appear, the conspicuous part of a tbi.^g. ^Di to yield, return. 2. to wean a child. 3. to return, requite, recompense, re- tribution, requital. 4. a camel. "^03 Chald, to dig, a pit. 1DJ to perform, finish, complete 1*CJ consummate, perfect. 2. (intransitivtly) to fail. p to protect, defend. 2. (a garden.) 3, pD a shield, a defender. 4. W^D a covering. 5. niJ3N a goblet, a bason with a cover. p3 to protect entirely. 3W to steal or be stolen, a thief. 2. to steal away privately, withdraw. 3. to steal as the heart by deceit &c. 4- with vK- to be spoken jecretly. Der, Teutonic kuappen, Eug. to knap. Xii to treasure up, Chald, ^Vi treasuries, Ch.ild, N^lia treasures, Der, Lat. gaza. Eng. magazine. 5^3 under ^"13 and Tt'^S- ny3 to low, bellow. Der. a cow. ^y> to* cast away. 2. to reject, loath, •filth. Der. a goal, Eng. gall. Creek choler, cholerick. nj^J to resirrtiti, repress, S. to rebuke f hftk, Tnyjt a rebuke. Vyj to shake as (an earthquake.) 2. to shake (with terror.) 3. to totter (with intoxication.) 4. to tost tbemselv«s. Der. to gnsh. P^3 see P|33 a body. HEBREW LEXICON. t:j -n ]3a set f]:3 Ibe ▼inc. *15J Gopher w«»oil, cypress or cedar. £. n**lSJl sulpliur, brimstone. Dcr. Gr. iiiixct,ftc7cro; Lat. cypressus. Eng. cypress. "13 to sojouru, a stranger. *m2D pere- grinations. C. '^''3 a wbclp, cab, "1^3 to sojourn contiuuaUy. y^i a seal), scnrf, scurvy. Der. scurf. "na to scrape. Der. Frmch gratter. fm to e:rcife, move, stir np. 2. to raise, draw np. ."?. to mmiuate, chew the cad. 4. rniJlt2 a threshing floor. 5. pj a threshing floor. 6. "^3 rnbbish. 7. Chald, iO»J plaster of lime. 8. ^i the throat. 9. to saw. nnj^D a saw. 10. a gerab, about 11 grains., U. rWiR a small coin. ^TJ to be violently agitated, to stir ap oneself violenlly, tosanr, cat with a saw. THiTi ibe throat or neck. C*"\j^3 berries or frnits k-ft at the top of I be tree, (rAgiUton.'t T^i to cut off. I.n 3 an axe or hatchet V»3 a stone, mark, or lot 2. an inherit- ance, portion, lot Der. Gr. 'y->-^f^^ cleros. Eng. clerk, clerical, clergy. D-.i to make bare, clean. 2. a large bone. Der. grim and grnm. pj see rna a threshing fioor. 0*13 trt break or wear to pieces, y^3 to tnbstract, abate, diminish. 2. to diminiifa in;tke small. 3. to withhold. 4. to be subtracted, takea away. f^3 to wrap, roll tcgettier. 2. the fist clenched, ♦n>"l-5D clods. Der. garb. Vm to e»pel, drive, tbrast ont. ♦nW^J evpaUions. 2, to drive, cast, throw ont, or ap. ^ to thrust out, put away, divorce. 4. 8?*130 a suburb, 5. to pn»b, tkrast forth (as vegetables.) Dtr. g ass. *tfy Syi. to touch, feel, search by feeling. Wi to feel for repeatedly, to grope afi'-r. CVi heavy rain, Chal.l. a body, a pal- pable substance. ns a wine press. 2. D^rU wine preuing- ^yZi podded, or in pod, boiled. ■l-IJ Chald, a treasurer. "^273 thald. and Persic a treasurer. TQ7J a rock, concreted, barren, desolate 1^J3 a treasury. 13-:J set nn3 the throat a berry. «T Chald. this, nm to faint, fail. M^K*: fainting p3K'7 fyjutiiess. Der. Lai. debilis, whence debility. ^iST to be in agitation, troubled. n3NT agitation, nneaiiuess. -i. to be troubled. (iisturbert in iniud. 3. fish. ns*7 to fly. witli wings expanded. 2. a kite. Der. a rtaw. ]iil see p to judge. •^KT stc "IT a circular camp or village. iT to maruiur, gromble. r»3'*7D causing to murmnr. 2. the bear. ^2*1 to mur- , miir lepeatedly. Der. Gr. itatoAOj- Lat. diabolus. Gotb. dobo . Iilandic dut'a. Eng. deviL K3T strength. n-*7 Chald. to sacrifice. nna"!D an altar. ^3^i a row, a layer. SsT Axzb. .\iab. to dry, dry op, wither. rh2.t a cake of dried tigs. p2T to adhere, cleave together. 2. soder. 3. to join, overtake. 4. with. HPIK foL lowing, to paj|Htethard after, stick close to. ■^2T to drive, Jesfid, a driving. 1. "^n'TO a wilderness, aoViuiCultivated place. 2. r-lnsn floats, rafts. 3. celestial flaid, light 4. rnlZT as a bee. 5. to produce, briJig forward, speak. 6. a word, a speech, a matter, busii:ess. 7. T!S*l the oracle, the speaking place, a. tbe phtgae or pestileace, to sniite. 9. a muiraia [of cattle.) Der. Gothic dcri* ban, Eng. drive. CaT Syr. to glue. 1. honey, 2. rW31 the lump upon a camel. XI to multiply, increase exceedingly. 2, fish. 3n to fish. ^3^^ fishing. 3. pi corn. ^liT dajou (he Aleim of tbe Philistines. Der. a dog. Gr. xi;wv. 7JI a luminous staudardj beacon. 2. a light 01 lamp. HiT to warm, to foster, cherish. 11 the breast, or pap (of woman.) 2. a pot or cauldron, a basket. 3. GH*} loves, the pkasures of love. 4. *in 12 HHBI^i:W LEXICOiV. n^i -ipi a lover, 1 beloved one. 5. r.imn. IT n^T ail uncle, a consul g^riimn. "7T fn-iT in* a be- loved one, a dearly hcloved. ami-able, mn an aiii.t. Der. dido. Gr. -r'T^oj a breast, TJ^Ji. m9nvn Eug. teat. Welcli tadd. tain \^'TI'1 baskets. 2. □♦xTl"! mauilrakes. nnn Chalre than plenty. 2. Chald. who, which, that. 3 for, be- cause, of. rin she l>iack vulture. 2 VI ink. "p pi Chald. !bis, that. K31 to break, brenk down, crush. 2. to crish, humble, oppress, humiliation. Ttrn to heat or bray HSID a tnortar. 2. to break, (as bom-s ) 3. *2"T w;ivcs. breakers. 4. to bruise, by crushing, o. to beat down, afflict. 6. 01 bruisings, caluninies. slauders. P]3*7 r>S*21*7 the hoop or hoopoe [an un- clean bird.] *^D1 Chald. to remember. K*r^31 the rpcorrls. 2. ^"1^31 rams. 311 to Uap, bound. .lSl to draw, draw ont. ♦Si a bucket. •2. to exhaust, be exhausted. 11 one ex. hausted. nil *^^e poorest people, l<"nn. thia. 3. nvVl branches 4. nil hair, 5. St a door or gate, or lenf of one. (;. ninS T leaves or columns in writing. I^T to be entirely exhausted. Der. dull. Lat. doleo. Greek "Xfu; Eng. delete, deleterious. nil to trouble, disturb (waters.) Pj/T to drop, distil, a dropping. 2..t» moulder, waste away, decay, a. to drop .down, piecemeal. Der. drop. p^l to press eagerly upon (as tire.) in Hiph. to kindle, light up. 2. Tipll an inflammatory discourse, an inflammation* 3. to pursue eagerly, burn after. D'pV? ardent pursuers, persecutors. 4. warm, eager (proffssions) HIT sec nSl a door, gate. HQl to make equal, compare, level, H^DI a similitude, likeness. 2. to design, to form a likeness. 3. D1 blood. 4. equa- bility, conformity, fitness. 5. quietness, rest, stillness, silence. .ICIl stillness* silence, cessation. 'ST rest, inactivity, silence. 6. to level, cut down, cut off, destroy, 7. D''^^ man, the likeness of God. 8. nonx ve;;etable mould. C01 to soothe, compose, quiet, to make en- tirely equable, quiet. Cttl" entirely still, inactive. HCOt great stillness, equability. Der. to dam. Dutch doin. Gr. ^ct^j.'UM i.tt. doino. tDl duug. 2. njO-iTS a ihresliing van, or floor where straw is broken. yon to weep, "yen a tear. C liquor. n to direct, rule, judge, in Hiph. to •trive. r'er'd, Niph. contend. ]»1 a judge *^1"iO a strife, dispute. C. ni»"'a a province, a judicial district. 3. p"iK ! a ruler, director, lord. 4. S^J'^i? biises. sockets. Der. Lat. daiuno, Eng. damn, condemn. :n 3i"n wax. r^^-i Child. Ibis. lyi ^to ;.'<>, or btun out- ni see ^"'J reproach, calumny. pST lo knock, strike, e, f o beat forward, Ja\T eooi:y. i. come, 6. Chald. to inhabit, dwell. ni-rD an l ^ome give, see 3n» ■^'I'^T P3.1 to exale, evaporate, emit, a vapour. 2. vanity, emptiness, a vain idol, in vam. pe..p. - - ^^«=^^ hnbi ration. 7. Chald. a pearl fie^;lom, a lurtl-, myrrh. "T1"n '^ thisUe. **Tl lo repel. p^T rejection, abhorrence. ',P~ 13'n to be slurp. pIT the iron part of a Koad. 3"iT to proceed gradually. n3~ilD a pre- cipice, a lofty clilf. ^^^ to goaloii?, cuuie, proceed, 2. a way, path, road, a way, journey, proceedins. i^' distance, custom, manner, a particle, ' strailway, immediately. 3. to go along, ■ v.'alk or tread as men. 4. to go upon, ■tread down. 5. to tread upon, a tread-- -ing. (). to tread, cause to be trodden. 7. ■•-'t<) hold, stretch forth, extend. Der. • Creek. "^f^X,"^ to run. Eug. to trudge- 0~n the south. yyi Chald. the arm. Der. draw, throw. V">T to inquire, ask. 2. to inquire of, con- sflU. 3- with V following, to inquire after, 4. to inquire after, regard, care for. 5. to be concerned, cat eful fur, setk, 6. to inquire after, requite. APT to thresh, beat, shatter, t'»T a thresh ing;. 2. to thresh, beat to pieces. 3. to tear to pietes. Der. to dash, dust. Ktt'T to spring, sprout forth, germinate s,r&ss. \itff to fill up, make fat, plump, fat, oil, 2. ashes. \V?il a specie:, of clean ani- mal the lidmee, resembling th« antelope, m au appointment of law. 2. Chald. a de- cree, a law, nxm Cbald. grass. ^CDm a daric, about 25 shilling*. "13n Arab, to cut, divide, au augur, as trol be. Der. Saxon hua. Scotch wha. Eng. who. 1\"1 seu"in the darting forth (of ligbt.) Wn fi bf, subsist, continue, 2. p!^ means of subsistence, richcs.'s. H^n* Jehov'h. (the bein? who necessarily exists, of hiniFclf, and fiom himself, "ith all .sc- tual perfccti.ni o-iiiinally in his csscutc.) 14 HEBREW LEXICO.V. ciD':>n Din 4. a grievious afflictiou. &. TilH r^lH oppression, injustice. »in ah! oh! encouraging. 2, wc, threat- ening. mn Dnn sleepy, drowsy, ♦n hey! ho! «*n to subsist, be, she, it. r\'>n to be, exist. 2. to be. 3. to happen, come to pass. 4. to be reckoned or re- pnted. 5. to be, subsist, remain, con- tinue. 6. with ^?and a n. following, to become. 7- an infinitive verb, was, (to be.) 8. in niph. to become, be done, 9. to be continued, or be heavy,. 10. to be oppressed, depressed, aillicted. 11. n* Jab, he who is, the essence. 12. n»n« I will be. yn bow ■^n Chald. to go, come. S»3n Sa^n tlie sanctuary. 2. a large spa- i cious house, a palace. 3. Jehovah's temple. ")Dn to recollect, own, acknowledge. 2. n-'3n acknowledgement. 3. to rtspect, regard. Sn to move briskly, violently, irregularly. 2. to exult, toss about, through pride. 3. to move briskly, irradiate, glister, shine. 4. nSnn praise, glory. S^n to be mad, foolish, or inoie properly, to be moved violently, tnmultuated. C*7l7n merriment.'!, T'^SS'in ^citations, extrav- agancies, to toss, exult through pride, (Venus,) to irradiate briskly, shine brightly, to give lustre, praise, glorify, ;^ comm. ndable tree, Dcr. Gr. AXX-j^^wi 'to leap, 'FAn, and 'E«>.') the splendour of the sun, 'HXiOf the sun. Eug- hail! in «aluling, and perhaps hallow, holy. xSn lo riniove, cast to a distance. 1. beyond, further. ^. onward, forward, thciiceforlh, nSn see Sn ■|Sn to go awny, along, proceed, walk. 2. bebnviour, manner of life, conversation. a. before a v. going on increasing. 4. Cli.tld. to walk, a toll, custom. Der «ii!k. I,;it. vclox. £«)£. velocity. cSn to b#-at, smile, strike upon. PloSn a hammer. 2. to beat, smile, r\'>l57nD strokes, blows, 3. to knock, break (by healing.) 4. to knock, btat down (with liquor.) 5. to smite with the t»ngue, reorove, afflict. 6. here, thither. IJT dSh hiiherto. 7. CHT)^ the diamond. rflin multitude, tumult, turbulency. 1. they, them, IDH Chald. tliem. 2., to be turbulent (as the sea.) 3. to tumultuate, make an uproar. ni3lnD disturbance, confusiuu. 4. a confused noise, growl, moau, howl- iTCD noisy, rioters, 5. ipn or pon a mullitude, abundance, tuni'.illuous motion, tumultuous noise, 6. C"inn pi. ^^t2^r^^\ a confused multi- tude of atoms, a chaos, a mass, body, multitude of waters, the ahyss, or deep, that vast body of waters which is in the hollow sphere of the earth. CZn to put into great tumult, ilisturb, drsconi- fit exceediugly. to agitate very much. ^ Son see So ]10n see non a multitude. ncn Arab, to impel, break, destroy. n^lOnt: breaches, disruptions from au earthquake. Der. hammer. n3n to be ready. 2. these, those, they 3. see : lo ! behold ! 4. hither, thither. 5. ^*n Hin, ab'^ut one and a half gallon!. 6. Chald. if whether. on hist, hush, to be silent. Der, hush, hist. nSn to turn, change, inverse the con- trary. 2. to overturn, subvert. 8. to ptrvert. ni2Brtn perverseness, distor. tion, change from the right. 4. POSnO a sort of stocks. ■|D2Sn irregular, un- steady, turning this way, and that, cou- tiuually varying, .ner. havock. -iBn see "'S break, dissolve. rvn a kind of warlike chaiiot. 3-in to kill, a slaughter. mn to protuberate, swell, rise 4a height. -in a mountain. 2. to be pregnant, big with child. J. to teem, be big with. 4. n»n» looking big, hanghty, prond. *1"in a hiy;h continued mountain, "imn Chald. conceptions, thoughts. Din Arab, to « ut into little pieces pO'lH a butchery, shambles. D'>n to breakthrough, or in. 2. to break down." destroy, demolish, destruction. Der. bairass, crush, craze. HEBREW LEXICON. 15 IT ri7\n to hnsten, bring with haste, nnn .^J toassaiilt, rusli violently upo-i. 7r\n to mock, banter, trifle. ni7nn"3 ill'isious, aehisioiis. 2~i3"t see 3n» repeated offerings. "i3in Ciiald. priiicipal men, counsellors, leaders. 'n'n see nnx K^D'^n who went. N3:>!2n see y^ Chald. awreathed chain. ^.s'ln the inuuiitain of God. ♦11 .\rab. to marry. 1 an honk. 2. *» i coa- iiective particle, and also, with, to- getiierw.th, or, but, but yet, even, to wit, that, so that, because, therefore, to the end that, whtn, if, as, so, al- though, then, afler a nei^atice particle. and not, nor, neiiher. Der. Lat. vieo. r.HS. woo. 3"!l vaheb, a place near the river Arnon. "itl Aral), to carry a burden, Wazir, or . Vizier. 1^1 a child. 3XT Arabic impetuosity, swiftness a wolf- yXTChaid. see J,'? trembling. n.NT sf-e HT this, that 3T to !£ush, spriuz, iisue out. 2. to sprin?, with, 31] a thix, an issue. 3. t^^l angles corners. C. ♦liD storehouses. 3."ll ,1; HKi this, this here. n 1*T an animal endowed with motion. 2 motion, commotion, vibratory motion, bustle. 3. riil'D adoor-posr. P^ 1. to impel. 2. to remove, *?nT to skulk withdraw, hide oneself. 2. any creatures that hide themselves iii boles, as serpents, worms. 3. p}{ nSmn the rock of Zoheleth. ♦T VT Cljald. brightness, splendour. 2. Chaid. grace, liveliness, beauty of couu. leuance. 3. .VT or M Z;f about April. 4. n»I the olive tree. nST to be clear, ciean, pellucid, clear, almost irai sparent, 2. to be clear, clean, pure. 3- 131 purity, innocence. Chald. 13? to cleanse. n^313l glasses. "137 strength, vigour. 1. a male. 2. s-trength, vigour of mind and memory, to remember, memory,- mention. rn3TK a memorial T3TQ an historiographer, 7T to let go, loosen. 2. to be loose ir- regular, gad about. 3. to be lavish, prodigal, contemn. ni*?TviIcness, worfh- Itssness. 4. H^T nSll *nSlT besides, except. 77ll profuse, prodigal- vile, worthless. r» O a nesh-hook. r\7t see 7T besides, except. CT to devne imagine, think. riDT a de- vice, niDl devices, schtmcs. nt2lO 16 HEBREW LEXICON. PT an thought, consideration. DQT tborongbly consider, siedfastly purpose. Der. to seem, seemly. ^OT to appoint, constitute an appointfd time. 2. Chald, to appoint, constitute an appointed time. p^H to piepare. Der to summon. *1CT to cut off, n*lDT a cutting:, twig, hranch. 2. to prune. HiDiD a pruning knife. 3. TAnOlD suuflers. 4. to sing. 5. the antelope, goat, or some other cleiiu animal. 6. Chald. KlOT music. jT to prepare, provide. 2. preparation, provision, store. 3. piD provision, 4. Cbaid. to be provided for, fed. 5. *JT preparations. 2JT the tail, extremity. 2. meanness. inferiorily, subjection. Der. snub. nil \m a belt, girdle. 2. ^^i^ defensive armour, which eiiconipasseih the body. 3. unlawful tmbraces, whoredom, a harlot. nliT fornication. \il repeated whoredoms. TM1 to cast off, remove to a distance. 2. to cut otr, fail through htat. Isai. xix. 6. Der. snatch. pit to spring, leap forth, yt to move, agitate. niV^ and nyiT an agitation. 2. ^'V^' trembling, Chald. 3. to tremble, shake. 4. HV sweat. 5, yi* sweat, ytyi to be violently ajiitatcd. Der Gr. i^'"^ und ^''-'w Eng._to sway. "lyt to be abridged, shortened. Dyt Arab. tof««atn with anger, P]yT to be troubled, diiordered, agitated, 2. to be troubled, frt^t, be as;itafed. troubled, fretful, uneasy. 3. to be angry, wrath. jjyt to cry out. Mpyi a cry, clamor, vociferation. 2. to convoke, call to- gether. lyt to be small, liltle. 1*^1 small, little. lyiD small (quanliiy.) r\ii1 bitumen. Der. Greek Uia-ort i/U. pix. Eng. pitch. pi to fuse, purity by iiuKinf. 2. to be (dissolved.) sliaiind off". .1. D^pt ma- nacles, fetters. 4. niatlcr iu a stale of fusion. ppT to stiain ofliiioroughly, to reSdC, to fuse thoroughly, purify by fu- sing. ppIO well purified. \pf to be old, old age, an old iiiau. c the beard. ^pl to stt upright, erect. "IT to compress, squeeze. "l^lD sqnefziiii.', coiii pressing (a wound ) 5i. a Iia|i, or gin. a*niD grain* of air, wliitii m wi.iter hiriii? loo large to thin ihe tluiii , Ccompress) and fix tbem producing to d. "<*nT coinpresstd, strait, nairow. ^*1? nauseous, loathsome. ^1T to grow warm. MIT io scatter, disperse. 2. to cast away. 3. to scatter, spread, dilfuse. *. lo spread, sprtad abroad (as a net.) 5. to iiisperse, dissipaie. 6. to scatter, win- now. miD a shovel. ?. to examine thoroughly, sift. 8. "IT a stranger, fo- reigner. 9. a rim or crown (to the ark. 10. niT the hand, a span, nine and a half inches. "1"}7 lo buceze. rni diff"used, spread (as ihe leprosy.) £. diffused, spread (as light.) 3. T^TK a native tree. 4. a native. Der. Eng. to stretch. C^T to pour, pour fo.-th, pour over, a storm, intmndalion. Hood. D'"1T an inundation. Der. storm. y^f to spread abroad. 1. (the setd of vegetables, animals, men,) to sow, secij. time. a*J?"»T things sown. '2. the arm. 3. the shoulder, or fore leg of a beast. f>er. Gr rpcw Lai. strao, Eng. strow, or strew. p'M to sprinkle, disperse, p"!,© a oason, bowl, sprinkling vessel. '2. to appei.r here and there, as if sprinkled. kL&vsi vii. 9. Der. streak. n"lT see mif the hand, a span. nSySl a scorching blasting wind. Pj'nt a dripping soaking rain. n 3n a pf-rson bound lo payment, a debtor. K3n to liidf, conceal, shelter. i^3nC a biding place. n:in to hide, hide oneself. 2. a bidden secret place, the bosom. 3. as a n. HEBREW LEXICOX, 17 in 'i2n see n^n a flat iron plate. S-Pt to ciieiish. fiS2n to thresh. '?2iTtobiml, tye, coimect, confine. ]. a rord, the ripiiig (of a ship}. ro^.e, men, or s:dl'>r, a tract '>f Ir-nd measured I>y a rope, a cord, » rope, toil, snare, the silver cord (spinal marrow with all the nervous br:iaches>. a slriiio of persons following, one auatber. '3. to be bound, confined, straiieued. 'TSfT girding pain?, throes, paais, to travail. 3. to bind, talie a pledge from. 4. to seize upon, spoil, entangle. 5. to be bound, or obliged to punishment, d. flvSnn a weU C'.nijected design. 7. Chald. Seiz- ing. K72n an encroachment, i32n to fold tigetiier, a folding. 2. to in fold, embrace. 3. totmbr.ice. lay hoi. I on. ■\an to conjoin, fit tugcther. mSn ^ toupliag, consociate, an associate, com- panion, friend. 3. to join tnck (words together). *• to join tatk (for enchant- ment. rr^^Sn a cunmsion, bruise. "iZ"\-n the black spots of the leopard. V-H to bind round. '2. to bind. .1. to gird or saddle. 4. to- bind, or be bound up (as wounds.) b. to bind govern (by la*s}. nsn a flat plate, or slice (of iron) . in to move, reel round. C. a circle, or- bit, sphere. rU^nO a pair of corapa.^ses. 3. a sacred festival (either from its re^nlar return, or from the circular dances they had at them). 'I-H rrai k» or fissures (in a rock) for the circulation of the dir. J3n to dance ruuiid and round in r irctes, HJn circumagitation, turning round for terror. "jn a locust or grasshopper. Sjn .1 the revolver, goer round. -\3n to gird, eird round. H^^HD a ui.-d- mg. 2. to gird, confine, restrain. 3. to be girded. 4. to be girded, to feel girds or pangs. Der. gird. *jn to penetrate, i)e penetrative, sharp, acute. 2. be sharp, eager, fierce. 3. ITT'n a paiable. enigma, a sublime or poetical discourse. 4- p''^'* Chald. enigmas, one. 5. HHrt sharp or edged things. D T)"^"!^ to brighten, polish. 2. to ekhilirafe ni-rn hilarity, joy. 3. Chald. the biea.t. ^^n not to act. speak, or be. 1. to cease, leave oil", fail. 2. to forbear, decline, oniit Vfiiuntanly. 3. transitojy, transitnl, speedily ceasing. Der. idle. Welch hadl, pTn a kind of sharp thorn. ^Tn Syriac to surround, fence. 1. an inclosed place, room, chamber, s. au inclosed, or inner part, of (he body. 3. an iiicioser, a dark Ihiik cloud. >^^^ to renew, restore. 2. a new or re- ne.ved period of days. i'nn Chald. new, from the Heb Vf-7\ Ezra vi. 4. ntn to declare, discover, shew. r\lnK a declaration. Hln Eve the manifester. 2. nin a moveable village. 3. Chald. to snew. Tn Chald. Arabic to indent, cut in. llriD an ha^'en. 'Vn lightning. ii^r\ see nm to behold. riTH to fasten, settle. 2. a settled agree- ment. 3. the breast of an animal. 4. Kin Chald. to see, behold, a seer, or prophet. nTr?3 a window. pin to be bound hard, tight, 2. to as- tringe, brace, tighten up. 3. to gain strength, act with strength, with 3 following, to hold fast, retain, with *? following, to grasp. 4. iu Hiph. to con- fine, retain, contain. ITH Chald. to encompass. IVPf a round ball or apple. K'Tim Syriac an apple. ^♦Tn a hog, or boar. nn a hook or clasp. 2. a clenched riH» (of iron for the nose of a beast. 3. nin a hoiked thorn. 4. D'nnthe links of a chain. Jan to compact, fasten, join. 2. tflln a Ihread, line or cord. 3. HtOn D'ffln wheat, see n^n, KlOn to deviate from, misi. c. to miss (onei step,) tread aside. HHESn trip- plug, stumbling. 3. to mi$.s (of happi- ness). 4. to miss oneself, be astonished. 5. to deviate from, sin, otfeud. 6. in Kal. and Hiph. to offer for a Bin-offer- ing, cleanse, expiate, purify. 3Bn to hew. 2. to carve (wood.) 3. to carve (stone. HEBREW LEXICON. 3^n whn Der. nian deUcvUe, delicious, ^'t3n wbeat, En^. wiieaf, sweet. can to refniia, restraiu, muzzle, bridle, jurb. ran to seize suddenly, to catch, "iI3n so move this way and tliat, to vibrate. •2. a twig. nm to be strou?, vigorous, valiant. 2. to become strong, recover strenirth. 3. to repair, restore. 4. to live. a»n living, springins, rnmn„2 waters, life. ] n Ch-M life ^'n n»n a living creature, aa^imal. n^U n»n food, the snstainer of life. 5. *n quick, raw. n*nD quick- ening, rawness. 6. ♦nm small towns, villages. 7. Chald. K^»n an animal a •in Arab, to scratch, rnb, scrape. 1^ the ' palate, or roof of the m >nth. 2. HSn a fish hook. Der. a hook. nan to wait, tarry. 2. to wait for. 3. with S following 10 wait for, with de- sire, to long for. . . S^bn red, sparUing. mT72n redness, st»arkling (of tyes) aSn to be wise, skiluil, prndent. hn to maVe a hole, <»r ooeuing, a hollow, ditch niSnO boles, p^n ail opening, a windovv. 2. to be in labour, make an opening, to be in pain, travail. 3. 7^n0 a flute, pipe. fife. *. nSn (a shew br«ad.) Cdke. (fuH of holes) 5. to pierce orwouud, he wounded. 6. to break in upon, violate, pioff.ue. T. to make an en- trance upon, beg'n. 8. 7in sand, 9- S»n fitrength. 10. Sn3 a vale, valley, a torrent, Cftoin the hollow in which it nms.") SSn to open emin^nlly, pierce much, to be in labour, <|^ vail in birth, produced by travail. S^n a flute, or pipe with minv boles, to wound very inuch, pierce through and throu?!). to violate or profane eminently. 'TV?n to be in violent pain or anguish. sSn to wear, wear nuay. 1. an engraved ornament. 2. mSn rust of copper. 8. to be corroded, ulcerated, 4. ♦NSnn a corroding, ulcerous disease 5. W.nn wasliugs, consuming effects. S^n the fat (of animals.) 2. milk. 3. the fat, or most nutritious part of the limd. 4. the richest part of oil and vviue. 5. the most uourisUiag part of whtat. 6. n^SSSn g:ilbauuoi, the gum orwliite miik of the giant fennel plant. Der. Eug. ^alf. 'iSn Syriac to creep, creep in. 1. the "weazel. C. time. 3. transient, uansitory, 4. this transitory world. Der. to glide. nSn to be languid, weak. 2. infirm, sick, diseased. 3. to be faint, ataicted, con- cerned, grieved. 4. to be faint, (with labour.) *7n sickness, infirmity. 5. 7*n an ornament wrought with great labor and pains. 6. to make the coun- tenance languid or ashamed. IflSn to catch at, seize eagerly. Der. to clutch. . , -tSn see naSn and KS^H worn out with misery. nSn to break, break off, away. 2. lo break, break in pieces, ti. a dream. 4. noSnx an ametliyst, (the breaker.) fpn to pass, pass on, proceed. 2. lo pass aw^y, abolish, cease. 3. to pass, drive, strike through. 4. D»3'?nO slab- bing knives. 5. to change, exchange, substitute, to cause one thing to pass away, and another to succeed. ri"£*7n substitntions, successions. 6 in Hiph. to renew, be renewed. 1. to renew sprout out, spring afresh. 8 maSnD locks of hair (on the htad). Cbald. time past, to be renewed. - rSn to loosen, disengage, draw off T\T ,n a loose robe or garment, spoil. 3. to loosen, let loose, draw down. 3. to loosen, m.ke flexible. 4. to disengage oneself, withdraw. 6. to set loose, de- liver. 6. to expedite, free from encum- brance. 7. D*V ^" a.- ray, set m array. 2. five aWrjn fitly. ♦tf*»nn tte lifih. n'«?»on a liiih. TrDn see DH a pitcher. tn I'J have tviiulaefs or .nflfectioo for. 2, OJn «iut ot mere kiudness, gratis causlessU, fruitles.ily, in vaiu. pn to be very kind, tu affect very much, in HipU. au object of atfectiou, to suppli- cate. Der. hen. nin to fix, settle, dwell. 2. to fix, be fixed, pitched. 3. nj»Jn rfuusieous, cells. *. t'j encamp, pitch. JHinD Q'^riD rriJlTi an tncampnient, or c;ii;!|). &. rijnn an encampiug. ^^^^ ?'• C^'^'-n and mr.'jn a ?pear or halbert. tfljn to embAlm (the dead). 3. 10 <-n)ba'm (with clammy juice as figs). 3. wheat ^ee ncan 4. ^'la^n ChaUl. wheat. *^in to initiate, inslruct. 2. to hanrisH, begin t(. u.e. -J. to dedita e. n2^n dedication. ^in to pollute, defile. Ber. ki>ave. pin t'l strangle, suffocate. Der. hang. Gr. a'Txuj Lut. augo. Eug. anguish, on to wink, to spare, to pity, TDn succulent, abundance, swelling out readily overflowing, 2. turgidity, alhuence prosperity, swelling, abuntianl goodness, exuberant bounty. m*Dn the stork 3. the exnberauce or ovenlowing of uure- straining lust. HDn to take shelter, refuge. 2. to hope tinst. Der. Eng. house. 7Dn to cjusnme, eat up. 2. 7»0n the consumer, a species of insect, the chafer or mole cricki^t. CDn to shut up. nittzzle. 2. to obstnict. |Dn to be strong, stout, compact. 2. in niph. t.) be swougly or securely ke^it. 3, Chald. strength. 4. Chaid. in Aphel, 2. to possess, retain. f]Dn Chald. clay. "iOn to abate, diminisb, dtfect, vviiit. 2.to be destitute, to waut. KSn to cover, conceal, do secretly. njn to cove, veil. 2. to cover, overlay, spread. 3. au alcove, (part of a room for a bed seperaied by a veil). 4. ^"H land overuanginu the sea, and covering the ships from the wind. 5. fy) protected, ' secure, involved, wrapt up. &• D'iBn the 2 l^ands joined (covering.) f^&H to" entirely cover or shelter. T&n to hr.stp, hurry. ^iSn hurry tan see n^T^ 6. the hand, covering the oti.cr hand. VSn to bend, incline. 2. with / to be in- clined to, inclination, desire, alTection, delisht. ■^an to siuki or delve (a pit) 2. to delve. 20 HEBREW LEXICON. nn fathom, penetrate, search out. S, to sink, ne ashamed, out of countenance, nsnsn moIe?, tbe diggers or perhaps snakes or sepulchres. VSn to strip, VhT^ free- dom, retirement from business. a»n to cut, cut out, hew. 2, tocnt, cut out, divide. 3. to cut, wound. divide asunder, *'*•' ai- ri^n to part, midst, hemisphere. Jl^nD a vision, , ,• u. half. 2. Vn an arrow, figuratively, light- ning, the shaft or wooden part of a spear. 3. ^in street. 4. "([in the outward surface, without. ]Wn outward, the outpr, 5. \^n ihe hole, or onter- wall. ^^n to divide into many portions. ^tn gravel, grit, stones. ^^Vn seperate flashes of lightning. D^VXnD distinct bauds, time divided, cut otf, seperated, completed, fulfilled. ^¥n to cheri&b,the bosom, and the folds of dress covering the bosom rjVn Cbald. to be strongly urgent, to urge. ">^n au open, enclosed court. 2. '^"^^ a moveable villa&e of tents. 3. n»Vn a leek. 4. ■^^v^ grass, -i^:f^ byn Baal the tube maker, (the pipes or tubes by which vegetation is carried on). Tii'^'in a comprested tube or trumpet, pn to describe, mark, trace out. 2. to, delineate, pourtray. 3. to describe, delineate, wtite words. 4. to mark out define, a time, task, place, ijound, course, atatute. ppn to mark or trace con- Foicuously, to delineate exactly, wilh^ aS delineations or imaginations of the ^leart. to define, determine, decree exactly, njjn to imprint, incide, engrave. HpHD AU enaraving, a carved work. 2. p*n the bosom, the indented part, the bosom or bed of a waggon, kc. liie bosom or base of an altar, the bosom of a vase to cast lots. 3, pn tbe bosom, the cavity or inner part of tbe body. ">pn to search minutely, explore. Der. Lat, quoero Eng. acquire. "\n to be white, or pale. 2. *^rhfine white flour. 3. D»n"in nobles (from their white robes). 4, a hole, a peep hole 5. nin network. 6. '"m dung, from H')n Chald. to bum. I. *»'^n excre- ments, dung. 2. nsnna places for dung, draught-houses, lay stall. mn to lie waste or desolate, a ruin. 2. to waste, be diminished, exhausted. .3. any wasting thing, as sword, >nife, axe, pickaxe, violent heat. Der. herb. Lat. Ferbeo. Eng. fervtnt. inn to shake, shudder, quake, horror. Der. with ^ prefixed, shrug, inn to hurry, bustle, be active, min buWe, activity, diiigenee. 2. to fintter palpitate. 3. to shake. 4- to tremble, shake, be terriired. mnn trtmon trembling, fear. nnn to heat, burn, be burned. 2. to be Ltattd (by violent exertions.) 3. to be warm, inflamed (with anger), p'^n heat, wrath. 4. to be waruj, bum, (\''iiL grief). 5. to be warm, burn (with eager- ness), fervency. 6- D^n dung, excie- ments. C^"!" plates parched witt beat. "\rnn to hmd.e repeatedly, ex- treme burning. Der. Or. Ef'f Lat ira. Eng. wraib. Cl^'^n rows (netklacts,) Dnn a pen, graving tool, graver, 2: D»*J»nn bodkins. ,3. a long bag oi purse, -inn to inclose or catch in a net or toil 2. DOnn lattices. Snn a briar, Job. xxx, 1. P/QV. xxiv. 3> Zeph. ii. 9. Der. churl. Qin to be cut off, utterly destroyed. 2 maimed, mutilated. -3. Ji"et. 4. : seperated or devottd thing, unredeem able. Der. Haram, lenule aparinicnis Dnn 1. a burning itch. 2. the sola orb. Job. ix. 7- Jurt- xiv. 1». Jud viu. 13, 3. a burning. Ppr\ to strip, make naktd, divest. 2. tb' stripping season, winter. 3- to bevio, lated, dtilowtied. 4. to reproach, d« grate. Der. Lat. carpo. Eu^. carp; Gr. AfTT*)- V-in to shorten, cut short. !• to c" short, curiaiJ, maim, X^"^^ maimed, •■ heap of ruius, a broken rock. 2. Ij'*'^" HEBREW JLEX^ECOX, 21 ^wn 7:»nn aative gold in small pieces. 3- \'T^^ aa heavy sledge for threshing. 4. 'ynn baskets of cheese. 5. to cut short, act •speedily. V^'iH active, vigorous, diligent. 6. to cut short, decide, d«termiue. 7- a*J!f^^ the dregs of grapes. 8. to snarl. 9. Chald. the back or loins. pin to grate, grind, gnash. Vf'^T^ to contrive, device secretly. 2. a machinator, a mechanic. 3. to plough, nttfnrra a ploughshare. 4. to be deaf, dumb, silent, lost in thought, in liiph. to keep silence, silently. 5. ploughed land. Der. earsh. Lnt. ars Eng. art. nn to engrave Exod. xxxii. 16. Der. ■yapTTiu to engrave. Lat. charta. Eng. fhart. Vn to haste, hasten. 2. to hurry, be confounded. t'Vn chaff. Der. haste. SttTl to aiUI, superadd, put together. 1. lo embroider, eniijroidery. 2. to count, reckon. p2tt'r! hu account. 3, to reckon, think, consider. M-TynD a meditation, contemplation 4. to impute, reckon to. 5. to impute, reckon, account. 6. to make account of, esteem, value. T. to reckon as Liuhly probable. 8. to con- trive, device. n^J-Wn devices, engines. nVn forbearance. 1. to be silent. 2. to be still, inactive. Der. hush. r.Vn cbald. to have need, or occasion for. "^Wn to refrain, restrain. 2. to be dark, obscure, become darkened, darkness, the celestial fluid in an inactive stag- nate state. D*r\yn obscure, mean persons. Der. Gr. I'/.^ Lat. viscus. Eng. viscous. ^Vn to wear out, spend, weaken, fatigue, 2- Chald. to wear a^'ay. *Vn to be rough, a breast plate. r)C*n lo strip, make bare (as trees.) 2, to strip off. or up (as a garment.) S. to draw off (as wiae.) 4. to scoop up (as water in a i)it). 5. ^SttTr flocks a lira zing. pwH to connect, join, link together. S'pttTiO rodded, furnished with rods. '-'. 'pen the spokes of a wheel. 3. to be connected with, attached to, the object of attachment, desire. "\yn to collect, gather together. J. mtfn collection, condensation, t *"itt?n the stocks, or uaves of wheels. nn to be broken, give way. nmo a ruin, buildings broken down. 2. to crack or chap. 3. to be broken, quite disabled. 4. to be daunted, disuiayed, broken, dismay, dread. 5. Hnj and nnr, see nnj- nnn to be broken in pieces, a great ruin or destruction, 3- great dismay or dread, nnnn to be e.vceedingiy or repeatedly diFmay^d. nrn l. to keep fire alive, or kindled (by the constant accession of fresh air.) .>^ T:r\r\D a censor. 3. ninnO the firepans! 4 *nn-r2 the snuffpans. inn to be decided, determined. ^nn to swathe, swaddle, be swaddled. 2. 7"inn a swathe, roller. Der. wattle. ^nn 1. to be closed, stopped. 2. to seal, seal up, a seal. 3. to seal up, close. 4. to seal, mark. 5- to obstruct, as If sealed np. 6. to seal up (as a roll or book.) T. to seal up, confirm. 8. applied to the stars. Job. xxii. 12. ir.n to contract aiSnity by.jnarriage. or wedding, a son in law, mother in law. ^nr( to take away by violence. Job tx" 12. a robber, Prov. xxiii. 28. "inn to dig, dig downwards. 2. wilh 3 foliowing, to dig through. 3. to dig .hard in rowing. n'jynn a rose bud. Cant. ii. l. ; ihZn see ^3n redness. K37n afflicted, dejected, Psalms x. lo. njSn to be faint. Ps. x. 8: 14. tt'»--^n a hard rock, Dent. viii. 15. xxxii. 13. Job xxxviii. <;. Ps. cxiv. S. Isaiaii 1. 7. /D3n Rime frost, a freezing vapour, Ps. Ixxviii. 47. D2Dn as if poanded, Exod. xvi. U. -lyyn see nyn a trumpet. "^Jin a kind of locust, Ltvit. xi.22r Dtflin a kind of diviners, Gen. xlj. 8. Dan. i. 20. Civnn ice ri-^ne. C'Cnn a bickle, Deut. xvi. 9. xxiii. 25. ^Xnn knots of a cord, or ptrpkxing dilficulties. ^vnn sec ^^n 7. 22 HEBREW LEXICON. N»D nOBlO "•ott'n bright brass, Coriuthian brass. Kzek. i. 4. 27. Ezra viii.2. TDtfn CLasmoa Pi. Ixvii. 3^ KlilxD to sweep (Arabic it is to sink a deep ditch.) «ttK:2D a broom, besom 3Kia Chald. well pleased, glad. Oi3 to be good, goodly, pleasant. SID good, goodly, beautiful, useful, fit. n3.tt to butcher, slay. ^310 to dill, imnierge, plunge. 2. to tiu?e, uye. L>er. dabble yy^ to sink (as in water.) 2. to sink, ciiter, penetrate. 3. 1^^2120 a ring. n^aa the navel, . from its rising. Der. tauerous. nya Chald. and Persic, the month au- s.veriiiij to DeceinDer. inta to be pnre, clean, clear. intSD biighUiets, uiisiiUied honor. nV^ to spin. nlliO somewhat spun. mia Chald. fasting, supperle&s. nU to overlay, daiil> over. 2. to plaster, seal up. 3. nntaO the inner parts of the body. Der. to thatch Gr. Tiyo; U\l. tego. Eng. teguraen. nrra Samaritan to impel. 'inntflD Ihe shot, Of range, «)f a bow. r"J to coimninate, reduce to powder. 2. K, grind. 3. Hlinlfl the teeth. 4.ninl3 iii'^'stiou. Der. thin, Lat. tenuis, ling. I -unity. " "22 K"\ntt and KT)nD the fundaraeut. *n;-iB emerods, piles,, swellingfi. t:*c3 mire, nnul, clay. FjQO nStaVia nontlets. X'^ see \t3 mire, S'J to cast or send forth, or ont, to cast down. 2. dew. SS;^ Chald. to cover, shelter. 7tt*7tfl to cast .fortli with vio- leiif«. Der. tilt. kSd to spot with large spots. 2. K7t3 a younRlamb, or kid. 3. n^Siao patched. *. spotted with divers colors. TVJ"^ ''<■ young kid from its spots. N^ta to pollute. deMe. Der. Ut. tamino. Eug. C'.'Utaminatc. n?20 to be or become vile, contemptihle. Der. Lat. temtio. ^DtO to hide, coveriip. |D y'iS Kro mud, mire. KJU a wicker basket. *^JI3 to defile. nyia to err, deviate, in hiph, to cause to err, seduce. DyD to taste, lelish. S. to taste, eat a little. Chald. to cause to eat. 3. to taste, try by experiment. 4. discernment, dis- cretion, perception, 5. judgment, will, or pleasure «>f a prince. 6- Chald. a royal decree, or commandment. 7. Chald. regard, respect, relish. 8. Chald. an account, or relation of an aflTair. |yt3 to pierce or slab (with a sword), 2. to prick, tgg on (with a goad.) flO Arabic to be nimble, active, as young children. f]&l3 to move with, a mincing tripping gait. Der. to tip. Syriac to trip, nSO to spread out, extend. 2. a palm, a hands breath, about 3 inches. 3, nin3l5 the rooting, i. nniJ!3D a kind of loose garment woru by women, perhaps the hike. 7313 to fasten, or tye (as' with a thread), 2- to fasten, tie, connect together (by lies). 1&D a nail. U^B'O fat. stnpid, foolish, insensible. "113 order, regularity, Ttl^ i. a row, range, rank. 2, ,T\*D a row, range, a palace, castle. 3. *nj Chald. a mouulaiu. Der. Lat. turris, Eng. tower. *7TJ impulsive, impetuous, continual. 2. Chald. to drive, thrust ouL Der. Lat. tnido, Eng. irusion. MTJ newness, freshness, moistare, a moist running (wound.) mi3 to weary, tire, wear away, dissolve, weariness, fatigue. Der. Gr. Tiipui Lat. tero, Eng. to tire, tear. DID at the time of, the term, ^^tfl to tear, pluck olf, a shoot, or twig. 2. to tear to pieces, ravin, prey, 8. food. ria see tt'UJ to loose. nusee r^iD to fast. KDKta set- Ktr a broom. 10913 Chald. a captain, cutnmandtr. HEBREW LEXICON. 23 i?i^ •^D' SK* to desire earnestly. .*!K* tu he suitable, fit, to become. 'JK* to will, resolve, determine. 'J.^KIJ to be wilful, self-wil'ed. undertoke, obstinate, foolish. 3. 7»1» see S",5^ Kross, sfii|)id. "lU' see "iK a stream. tfH^ reriomice, give over, bid adiea. 2. tK'i with D following, to be desperate ton- ceiiiinsr, dtspair of, abandon. "iX^ to coiuent, agree, acquiesce. as* to cry aloud, exclaim. Dor. hu'-.')ub. 73* to brinii or carrv along. 2. a str'-am, a water course. 3. 731K a river. 4. 7*13* tbe fruit or produce of (he eafth. 5. the bias* .''''>f a trumpet.) fi. the jubilee. 7. nvS* a tetter, or spreading eruption. Tier. Lat. jultilum. Eng. jubilee. DS* to take to wife by riabt of affinity, a husband's brother. rfD3* a brother's wife. V!l* to dry, dry up, as waters. 2. to drv, dry up, become dry, withered. r,W2» tiie dry (land.) 2i* see 33 a husbandman. TM* to afflict, erieve. yi* lo labour. 2. to be weaiy with labour. nj* K) shrink for fear, be afraid of. miJC the object of fear. 2. terror. TiT i. to cast forth, cast out, cast. 2, ri1"7* public professions, confessions- 3. rnin to profess, confessCopenly.) rTllH open confefsion. 4. min" Jehudah. ■'Ttn"' in Hiph. to jiidaise, become a Jew. 5. T pi. on* the hand Cof man,) deno- tin^r power, agency, ability,, means, in- strumentality, dominioii. assistance, cus- tody, the hand or Almighty power of God, «h;md, side, border, extremity, a trophy. rill* n 1^ handles, stays, props, handles (of wood), axktrees, hgiidfuKs. IK an exhalation, vapor, mi;t. *l»N calamity, affliction, overturning. "Tli? a fit'e-brdnd. • hiTlK impelling causes, motives. ■y*1» to porceive. feel, discern, 2. to know carnally. 3. to know. ny*1 knowledeej acfniain'ance. J?^D knowledge, science. yi^'O an acquaintance. * to know; ac- knowledge, respect, regard. 5. ♦.jyi* a wizard, a knowing man. 6. VHo and y^^ as a particle, wherefore, for what rps'^on, how? 7. Chald. y"13 to know. V"'H to make known. J?*73*3 know- ledge. Der. Gr. "Jw and ««c£u; Eug. idea. Lsf. video. n* s<"e n»r: be, who is ! 3n» to Eive, supply, a gift. ♦SH^n my repeated offerings. nn» see m» iv. "ir'* see !Tin haughty. n^'* see D' day. |V s,=e nj» mud. I ' see ^' preparation. y;» see yT sweat nn» to unite, mnke one, (together.) ■'*n» only, single, solitary. *1*n» my united one, firmly, wholly. 2. *7n»< one, the first, a certain one. 3. "in Kin 7\'^n Chald. one. ~*7nD together, as one thing. /n» to remain, abide, stay, wait, Hv'n fcnd ribnin patient expectation, linger- ing hope. -2. T^n perseveriiig strength, ability, virtue, strength. 3. *?^n sand. Dn* to conceive, ad.niit into the womb, conceiving- conception. C. 7^KT\ s«>e C3n, heat, wrath. Der. Saxon, pamfa. Old Eng. Wemb, Eng. ^Vomb. P)!!' to have the hoof, or feet, worn by walking, foot worn. "^n" to .delay, tarry. I V n* to reckon np, a genealogy, a register of families. I SIfl* to be gooc^, well, right, agreeable. 3**0\-l well, rightly, thoroughly. 3t5"D . the good, the best. ^-' to cast, cust down, (see 7'J). ]** see ni» wine. n3* to make manifest, point out. 2. to manifest, deiuonstrate, shew. nOID an mnpire. a liemonstrator, n3i3 to be B'newn, nrS^n a proof, re.is'u. ^. r.DV"l refwoof, rebuke. 4. (o correct, chas- tise '0\"1 chastisement. a being able. 2. 3" ri7fl' a being able. 2. to be able, may, '.ni^lit. 3- to pievail. 4. to endure, be able to bear. j. :o oe able to aitaiu. 24 HEBREW LEXICON. ID' N^' 6. a»Dn Ss'D shallow, fordable water. 7373» to be able fully to support, or sustain. ns* see 02 to beat. ^* to cry, shriek out (in labour) fiSS .TlH to cry out (be bi?) with child. 77* tj shriek or howl violently, or repeatedly liowling, violently yelling. 11* 7*7 see *?^ tiie screech owl. ^if to procreate, or breed, beget, bear, to cause to bring forth. iSlJ to be born. *7Vnn to declare ones pedigree, m^ a bringing forth, birth. 1 ?* a sou, a child, a young man, a lad. Hl^" a girl, a damsel. W'^?" youth. m7* otfspring. n"77'D a midwife. m"l7in generations. ■^7* to walk, go. ^7* an erruption, a tetter. pV see pi the winged chaffer. n» tumultuous motion. 1. Dl* day, pL a''!2% □''?:*i* two days. 2. D* a coUe- tiou of waters, sea, lake, the west. 3. D-0 the final ^ being dropt in Reg. tears, water denot»> the gifts of the spirit, uunie- roui powerful nations, inevitable over- whelming calamities, posteiiiy, (springing from a common source), 4. -"CO nume- rous abundant waters. 5. EO the Emim or perhaps springs. Der. jumble, Eug. Cleam. *^0* to enlarge, amplify, make spacious. ]»"• 1. yr^' the right hand. 2. •{'»* the south. 3. ycr\ the south wind. T3'' to change, alter, exchange. n'^1?:n an exchange, commutation. 2. "\10J a leopard. VD" to feel, grope. TM" to press, squeeze, oppress, depress. 2. ]"' wine. 3. p* mud. 4. to oppress* afllict. njV an oppression. 5, HiV the (!ove, the oppressed. Pi* see nj and nni« pi* to suck pil* a suckling, 2. a young twig, a sucker. MpJD a wet nurse. ^D♦ to found, lay the fonndation. "IID^ a foundation, basis. 2, TlD" a heginninff. 3. to found fa nation or people). ♦. to found, settle, establish. 5. to establish, ordain, decree. 6. ia niph. firmly (l.\cd, resolverl. 7. TD and 110 see ID a secret "|D* to smear over, anoint. '^D* v., add. ihcrease. 2. with the infinitive mood following, or with another verb connected by 1, lo repeat, do ag^in. "ID* to restrain, check, discipline. 2. 1DT3 restraint. '^DiO, fTnOlO bands or bonds, restraint, discipline, correction. *7J?* to appoMit, constitute. miyiD a set regular time, aseysun. 2. to bttroth, appeint fir a wife. 3. to be convened (called together). *TJ^")D a meeting. 4. my niy a regular assembly met by. apijoiutiiieat. ny* to overturn 2. D")^* shovels. Ty* to strengthen. Tyi3 strong, robust. ta;?' to cover. 2. Cliald. to counsel, advise^ a counsellor. Kt3J? counsel. I'jf to proiit. benefit (or perhaps to) esteem, reckon again, triumph. 2, tae ibex, a species of wild goat. ]y^ see TiSy the ostrich. ^y* to dissolve, melt, dissipate. 1. to be tire^t, spent (with fatigue). JTiSyin dis solutions-, meltings. 2. riSyiH indefati- gvble, overpowering strength. 4. the high tops of mountains. \*J?* to advise, give counsel. ni2fJ/D coun- sels designs. ny' see nnjr a marsh. yty^ see n\yy. nS" to be fair, beautiful. HB*3* exceed- ingly beautiful. nS* to breathe or blow. 2. to breathe out, utter. 3. in hi ph. to puff at. 4. n*fi cinders, ashes. yS* tor-^diate, irradiate, shine forth.- nyti" splendor, glory, ySn light shining. nS'' to persuade. 2. nS**^ a persuasive fact, event, sign. S. n&r> a sign, ex- ample. KX" to come, go forth, oront- KSD- «V1D a coming, going, bringing forth. 1. the act of going or coming forth. C the thing which goeth or conicth fordi. 3. the place, whence it goeth or cometh forth. 4 a spring. 2. Kings ii. 21. Isa. xli, 18. 11. 11. mKXin sroings forth, MNY TKV excrement. O'^IV fi'.ihy. D'NVKJP produce of the earth. Isai. xlii, S.xxxiv, 1. offspring (of man). lob, xxvii xxxi. 14. 8. Isa. xlviii. 19. spiritual offspring HEBREW LEXICOV. rn' T^^ l«ai. Ixi.9. Der. issue, and so rendered as a verb NV' liai. xxxiz. 7. -2f» to set, settle, place steadily. C SVi a station, or situation in life, a post, a garrison, a military station. 3. r!2.X0 a iniiiiary station, i. HSXD a standing pillar. 5. riDVD firm. 0. to set, consti- tute, appoint. 7. 3*S» firm, certain, true, Chald. iV to place, set, leave. y2f* see nyx a maltrass. p'i- to pour, pour out. mpViQ pipes ponrers. 2. to pour out, fuse- found, cast. 3. to pour out, spread, abroad. 4. to pour out, pour forth. "»X' to form, fashion, shape, model. 2. to form, or raise from small beginnings. 3. t(; form, iaiagine, an imaginaliou. 4. to plan, priject, design. nT toburu, be burned (as fuel) inbiph, to kindle. 3p' see -pj a •wiuefat. Ip' toburii (28 fire). Tp'lp'^n a burn- in?, a tirc-braud, 2. Nmp^ Cbald. burniiiR. IVlp'' ohi'dience, submission. yp' to strain, stretch, distend. 1. to be strained, stretched- 2. to be strained, aiieniied.s 3. t.. hang, bang up. Pjf5' see f]'p2 he shall encompass. Vp' to awake. 2. ^♦p ibe awakening, sprin; and sumsner. "■p* to be bright, splendid, ihinins:. 2. splendor, honor, glory, 3, to be pre- cious, esteemed regardefl, a price or value, previous, rare. f p* (o lay, set, spread. V^p* a »narc. «ypV a suarer, fowler. «n» to fear, be afraid. KTlJ terrible, dreadful. K"i*D affrighting, terrifyina;. -2. to fear, venerate, reverence. .1. to reve- rence, resfer.t. nit"^* fear, awe, reve rence. KTlD fe;\r. awe, reverence, some- «>iiat to be feared. Tn* to cast, shoot. Der. Gr. ^(^C Eng. Hierarchy. ■)"!' to descend, go, or come down. *1"1*D inlaid, inran, (kjT run into;. 2. to be l-roasrht down, d^-jected. *T'^?3 low, afllictioH, brought down, afflicted. r.H* to p'.ace straight, erect, lay even. 2. to direct guide, lead. 3, to direct, guide, teach. miri.Tn'n a law, institution. 4. to dirpct, resrulate. 5. to direct, aim, point, shoot forward. 6. 'miO a razor. 7. nm* ih« former. rain. T^' the limar iiuht, or flux, or stream of li?ht refleittd fiom it. 2. a month. 13"* to turn aside, turn over, be perverse. Der. writhe, wreaiht. ■^1* a side (length of a building). 2. I"3'^* a side (nf a country kc). .". the thigh bone. 4. tlie shaft or main trunk of the golden candlestick. yi* to be broken, arHicied. 2. a curtain. p^* to spit. p"> spittle. 2. a green shoot, or twig. 3. ^"'p'^* a disease of corn, mil- dew. p"ipl* intensely green, inclining to yellow. tt^T' to be heir to, to inherit.MwV- tt?"n?3 an iuheritance. 2. in biph. to cauie another to inherit. 3. V^'^^~l VTH new wine. Der. Lat. hsrts, Eng. heir.- SV* to set, sit down. 2. to sit down, fix abode. 3»">f3 a seat, habitation, dwelling. SVin a soj .urner, stranger r^'.W asttiiiig still. nn-V? staying. J. to nrarry, to cause to dwell, or cohabit. ~iif»iV e.»istence, subsistence, reality, f* is, are, was, were, substance, reality, true, riches. VH as y«:t there is 4 C?»K a being, thing, or person. *'*^< VK whatsoever person, whosoever. V*K men. Cv'*N men, person*. n^C*i? wo- men. 5. j"lP'» the very substance. 6- n'tt^in reality, truth, any thing real, substantial, lasting, iubsistence, perma- nency, any thing solid, wise, .vound wjgd m. n»rn irom rilPJ failore, no- thing. W» V^V* very ancient. Dor- Is, >es, Eng. ise, ice. rV* sf e rinV to swim. l£;y» tS'^Vn to extend, stretch ont. CIP* to place, set, put. 2. in niph. to b« wviste, detolate. 3. pf:V jCr* a waste, deseit. TV to sleep, be in a sound sleep, s. to sleep in death. DlXf sleep of death. 3. to be seemingly inactive, sleepy, 4. laid in store J?tt'* to aave. nj?1Vn salvation, deliver- ance, victory. Der. c^ww or cw-^w to fnve r,U» nSir* a jasper. 26 HEBREW LEXICO] -133 ur\2 •^V* to l)e straight, even, smooth. 1. to direct, make straight. 2. It^'D "iVi'^D a plain, 3. to be right, prosper. 4, to keep straioht, observe exactly, 5. right, upright, riglitcoMS. DHtt'^Q rectitude, uprightiie seB. p'ltt''' uprightness (in the abstract.) M* Chald. them. n*t? Tl^tt Chald. Is, are. an* Chald. to sit, dwell. in» a slake, pin. 2. a pointed stake or paddle. 3 a uia (fixed in a wall). 4. a fixed settled abode. can* to be without, lack. D*Oin' Q^OH* Din* solitary, bereaved, destitute, father- less, an orphan, "in* to excel, exreed, excellence, abun- dance. Tn», nn»n», K^m- chv.id. excellence, abundance. 2. a rope, string, cord, 3. residue, remainder. ^I'^H* remainder, overplus, profit. 4. Jlln* l:i3n ^V the redundance of the liver, the gall-bladder. Der. Lat. iterum, Eu^. iterate. mri' see nn» 4. Jndah. ."lin^ see nin the cause of existence. 2 like, as, see !nn3 7. ^^!^ to mar, spoil. 2. to be marred, cor- rupted, rotted. 3. to be sore ulcerated. 2^X31?, 2S3, n- liJDD, soreness, exiilce- ration of body or mind. MNS to bruise, break, beat, 1. lo be beaten or broken t» pieces. C. nK33 spicery, Buch as is bruised. 3. to be tH!»,(en. 4. to be broken, atliicted. *^^3 to pierce, penetrate. 12^ to be heavy, weighty. C. to be weighty, with honor, wealth. 3. to be heavy, dull (of siijht.) 4- the liver. 5. rrnaa the heavy bJiggnge, 6. glory. 7. n")n» ^33 tlie glory oi" Jehovah. ^23 to extinuiiish, quench. SD3achain, bond. 2. *?in3 like nothing, worthies*. Der. fat)Ie D3D to wash, cleanse by washing. ySO a helmet. 'QS to multiply. "^'33 copious, numer- ous, al)uud;un. 2. a urate "f net wurk. 3. nnaa a sieve. 4. "1*32 a gnuse curtain, a musquito net. 5. ^"^S? n"l3D a good distance C a length of time, good while. 7. ">3Dy? long ago, some lime since. "123^*3 a long while. 1if^2 to subdue, subject. 2. to humOle, force, ravish. 3. a footstool. 4. ]V23 a furnace, JT limekiln. 5. a lamb. •73 a pitcher. 2. "tO sudden violent fall or ruin. .-5. ^"11*2 a short spear or jarve- lin. *n3 sparks, flashes, darting forth. *721S the pyropus, a precious stone. Der. Lat. cado, 3*13 Chald. to fail, deceire. T13 *tn*3 an attack, a charge, military tumult, nM3 restriction construction. 1. to re- strain, rcpreis. 2. to shrink, contract. 3. smoking (flax). 4. to be languid, dull. 5. restraining, limiting, fi. ri3 a particle thus, in this manner. "33 exactly iu this manner, ri33U* which so, because so- ri31 n3 li-'re and there, this way and that. n3 'IJ,* unto such a plarc yonder. r!3 1^1 P3 "ly here and there,' on all sides, TiD 1J? unto this time, hitherto. 7. 3 as. like as, according to, about, as it were, when, as, because, V. ''3 that, surely, certainly, yea. be- cause, therefore, when, but, it is used , tor interrogations. Vr!3 Chald. capable, ^n3 to minister, officiate. HinS priest- hood, or ofllce, 2. to deck wuh a priestly crown, a. an ollicer ot ihekin£»'scourt. MID to burn, scorch. 2. p*3 an imitation of the supernatural liglit. 3. Cliald. windows. niJ to fail, balk. 2. to fail, deceive, a lie. 3 73K a failer, deceiver, a spiing whese waters fail, "if3X violent, outrageous, precipitate. ^'^ strength, vii-our, firmness. 2. a speci-s *>f lizard, IHD to fake off, or away. 2. to take away, out of.vi-ht, conceal. .PD to colour, patn, tinge; Dt-r. Lat. color. Eng. colour, coal, Vn3 to fail, be deficient. C. to full in truth, to lie. 3. with / t<> fail with regard to. ». with 3 and a n. or 7^70 following to (ai! in prum-iseor duty to auulhtr. hi: BREW LExrcov. 27 n>:D ^:2 ♦3 seenno 8. and ItlS ]. 2^3 1 23^3 someib;n!:?li!terin?, shinii!?. 2. a star. 3. the stream of li^ht from the orb of a fived star or pl;uiel- a'2-^3 planet; or fixed stars. *133 a kvel tract of a country, a plain. 2. a flat roun.i cake (of bread.) 3. a flat ronnd c;.ke (of metal.) a t;ilent, thirty two and a Lalf pounds. vD to hold, contain, compreljend. 2. rrSrtO a fold (for tlocks). 3. to hold in, contain (wrath)- 4. to hold iu, retain, restrain. 5 *7*3 a tenacious, close, man, a miser. SiSa to hold, contain eulirely. 2. to hold ia, contain, re jtrain. kSd to seperate, restrict, distinguish. 2. to keep back, seperate, keep off, prohi- li*. .1. Toresttaiu, coimne, confinement. 4. riinS^D folds to confine cattle in. S^3 to clap close together, unite. 1. 3^73 a wicker basket, a wicker cage 2. a do?. 3. '273 passionate, furious, dog-Iike» , cynical, snarling. n^3 totality, completion, Gnishin?. 1. to finish complete. "'SDn end, complete- ness, perfection. 7f7Z7\ the same. HTDn see 7-n azure: 2. a term of afftctiun, a perfect one. :J. to deterraine fully. 4. to finish, consume, bring to nought. TifJ an entire cijiisumption. ^'73 a failing, consumption. ri'^3r> end, ces- sation. 5. *?3 al?. every, any one, the whole. 6. 'Ss chz a nlensil. 7. TvSa ~**?3 the reins orkidnf-ys. 8. to lestrain, keep back, wifhho d. 77'2 to complete enlirelv, make perfect. 77lt3 all over, LL a l.Tose robe, a surtout, 7'73 holocaust. in wbich the whole was burnt, whole, or entire, consumption. nTi73 com- piete marriage, consammation. 73*93 to nourish, to contain the whole, «ee 73 .to be a hie to sustain, see '^-^ ■^ .3 extreme old age. C73 to anesk, be ashamed, shy from ?hanie.' Der. calnmr.y. r'73 an axe or hammer. T.ZJ to be warm or hot (with <'e«ire\ 9. n~:*3 genidl htut (^r warmth, 3 cum- min (a warm herl» and seed). Der. Gr. XtjjMo, Eng. chemist. 1D3 sc^no 1. as like actually. 103 to gather, compress rouud. lV33 a girdle. p3 to hide, lay up. hoard. 1. '^OSD hidden treasures, hoards. 2. cummui. see nC3 DC3 to lay up, treasure up. "V:3 convolve, conli act. 1. to be roUen together, yearn, -i. to be shrivelled, scorched, contracted. 3. C'^'23 otficers in idolatrous worship. 4. "^-30 a net, or toil. n*"ia3 thick, convolvtd lUrkness. *^03 to be swift, active, penetrating, Che- uiosb, a moabitish idol to the solar li^ht, or soul of the world. |3 to make read), fit, adapt, dispose* prepare, confirm, establish. p35 pre- pared, established, p right, firm. £• ■A particle, so, thus, surely, certainly. p7 therefore, wherefore, p^V there- fore, wherefore, accordinglv. p Sj? »3 because, since, now. immediately. pTy to this time, 3. an esiabhshoieut, a poat ofiice, a base. riJ3 a plant, scion. p3C a place prepared. nj''30 a form, lasli- ioii, preparation, store, furniture, a s^ai, tribunal. 4. ri"lJ3 chald. see nj3 su- pernatural light imitated. 5. C'J13 cakes. (prepared by art for idols.; 6. tV3 chiunsee r)^2 7. CJ3. D*:3 a guat, of mosquito. 8. pK surely, verily, truly. 9. ]*3» Ichin, Jachiu, establishment, pa to prepare, adapt,est3.r)iisb, or cou- lirm entirely or completely. Der. to coin, Gr. ^<-^X."v»j Lat. machina, Eng. machine. ni3 to suruame. 2. P^ZD a society, deno- mination. DJ3 to gather, collect, heap togelber. ?• D33nn to involve, coiiect ojjesfir. 3_ CD320 iwathts, bandages. ' Dtr. Gr. jtftvn; jiavjfpv Lat. canistnim., Eng. a canister. yiS to l^iy down, expofe on the g:o?nid, a merchant, trader. ry;3 merchandise. 2. ^5?:3 Canaan, a trader. 3. to be laiii down, brotichtlow, liiimbhd. Der. Gr. Ty/v Lat. genu, Eii^'. kc'^c, ^33 extremity, outeiinost, i. to remove «8 HEBREWLEXtCON. nsj in-rD to the extremity, put at a distance. C f]i2 ♦SJ3 m£5J3 the border, skirt of a garment. 3. the border, extremity of the earth. 4f._the wing of a bird. *153 *"\33 a* lute or harp. Mfi2 Chald. to gather together. Q2 to reckon, number, count. TtSD'a a reckoning, numberins:-.2. D^DDi money, jewels &c. aisessments. 3 Chald. riches, ^nods. Der. Lat. censeo. Eng. cess. KD2 to set, settle. 1. n seat. 2. a throne. Prov. vii. 20, time settled. nD3 to cover, overspread, veil nSaC riD3 a covering, raiment. 2. to cover, hide, conceal. 3. the covered, canopied part of a throne. 4. 0^3 a drinking cup. 5. 813 the owl. 6. 0*3 a purse, or bag. nD3 grubbing, or cuttiug up. Sd3 the loins. 2. strength, support, con- fidence. 3 7'D3 the cold, condenst-d risid, contracted air. 5. Chisleu the 9th rnonth, Nov. and Dec. 6. stupidity, Insensibility, folly. QD3 to have long hair. r?2D3 Zea, spelt, a species of corn. 2. to poll, trim or clip the hair. S»D3 to be pale, wan (with desire). C. to ' be pale, wan (from fear). 3. gjlver, money, the price, the silver cord, spinal marrow and nerves. nD3 ninD3 small pillows, cushions. |J?3 Cbald. now and then. Dy3 to be angry, irritated, vexed. ry3 anger, vexation. nS3 to curve, bend, inflect, 'i. to ap- pease. 3. a large rush, or bulrush. 4. a bending branch, a bough. 5. .f)3, 0*33, niS3 the bend or p;,lm of the hand. C the bend of a sling. 7. tiie hoi- low cup of the hip bone. 8. a spoon. 9. the handle of a lock. 10. CJ^33 caves, caverns. 11. the vaulted skies. 12 f]3K (he hand, or, to press, urge. P|D3 to bend down very much. Der.Gr. K^ittw Lat. cavus, Eng. cave. bfeS to double. 2. in nipb t<» be doubled, repeated. Dcr. Lat. copulor, Eng. couple. ^b3 I. hunger, famine. 2. send forth. D&3 0^S3 a bezm, rafter 133 to smear over, aspbdtus, hitum p 2- to annul. 3. the Cyprus. 4. the hoar- frost. 5. a village (a place of shelter). 6. a covered bason. 7. "11S3 a young lien. 8. to atone, expiate, appease so as to cover the face from the oftence, from punishment, or from the sins. 9 a bribe, rau8(im, atonement. 10. m£3 the lid or covering of the ark- Der. Greek xfvTTw Eng. cover. tt^33 to feed with . riD3 Chald. to bind, fetter. "13 a circuit, pasture. 2. a lamb, or young sheep. 3. a cor, (lie largest measure of capacity. 4. a large round panier. 6. □*^3 battering rams. 6. ^3 patrolers, soldiers who go their round. 7* '^^2 a furnace. 8, ~)V3 a kind of furnace or stove. 30. a platform, a scaffold, li. rniDD sec mD produced. 1313 to dance in circles, m3"\3 counes or Inrgo. covered panniers or baskets, see 4. "O Der. Lat. currus Eng. a car. Dl-)3. □''3''n3, n»3"i3' Cherub, Che rubs, CherubiiTi. n"i3 to cut, cut Dp, penetrate, i. to die, cut out. 2. to dig for (vtaler). 3. to di;; a pitfall, (devise secret mischief). 4 to dig or open the ears. 5. to cut up. ( *13J< ftn husbandman. T. Cualcl. to he pierced, wonndrd. T"13 10 cry aloud, proclaim. n">3 :> crier. an herald. "I'la "l*13n an outer garment, a robe. Der. cloak. D13 a vine. n'D"l3 a vinedresser. Der. Lat, carmen, Eng chiirm. D-iD see t'nD and «313 the belly. y-\'2 10 bow, sink down (as the 'knees). 2. to bow, sink down (upon the kne.s). 3. to couch. 4. to bow, sink down (the head). 5. to how, sink dowii (as womru in labor). 6- to bow, sink down (js Wounded). 1. to how, bring do*»n. atllKi. humble. 8. D^y^^ the legs ofaniinak'. l>pr. to cowre, Lat. cnrvua, Eng. curve. U'^D to contract, the belly. rnz to cut off, cut up. r\im3 beams. "n'^SO swords. 2. to cnt off (by deatliV 3. nn*"i3 a cutting >tf (by divorce). 4. to chew (with the teeth 5. tocyt) in pieces (a« a sacrifice). Der. Lat. cuiut Ei»g. short. HEBREW LEXICON. 29 bD->D idkS iVD a slieep. n2V3- a ewe. nt?3 to cover, inclose. Srs to stumble. pStf 3 a stumble or fall. Sltt^D a stumbling block. ,2. to totter (from weakness;, a. to stumble, (in the way* of God). 4. '^IS^^C a stumblin',' Week. 5. S'tf 3 a pick axe. or crow, j field, cr country. 3. carmel, a city ia tlie tribe of Judah, Carmel nmoiwitaiji in the tribe of Marjasseb. 4. V'ilD tLe purple fisli or purpura • XD"13 Chalrickl'ranie- 3. the white of the moon, the lunar disc. 4. the white poplar. 6, frankincense. 6. ^■'53'5 Lebanon. Vnb to put on, clothe. rtt^3bn clothin?. 2. to put on (armor;. 3. to put on. be Invested with. 4. to invest, endue with the spirit of God. Jnd. vi. yi. l. Chron. xii. 18. 2. Chron. xxiv. 20. Luke xxiv. 4y. i^ aloj. tliree quarters of a pint. rh to faint, f.iil. 2. not. 3. ,'nbn'? to make oneself very faint, to tire oneself very much. yrh to flame, burn. Kindle, inflame. I. a flame of fire. 2. the blade (of .i sword). a spears head. 3. riJnbV a raging flame- irh meditation, study. IJ.nS to burn, kindle. t1ame. 2. "ISn'? arti- flcial flames. 3. C^unb incendiaries, kladlers of mischief. Der. light. □nb soft, gentle, nndeeiguing. Vrh Chuld. ttierefore. 2. besides, except X but. pTr> npnb a large company ni7 to join, add, adjoin, couple. T\Vh an addition, wreath, diadem. 2. to borrow, be obligated by bond to pay. 3- rT>»b coupled figures, (cherubs). 4. I*' zparti- cle. of adhtsiou, would to God ! oh that! assuredly, if, supposing, b. n*bH the large tail (of an eastern sheep. 6. TD^V"? the leviatlian, crocodile. nib Chald. with. t"? to turn aside, decline, depart. Tibj perverse, turned aside. 2. lib the hazle tree. 3. Vn this, this here. Der. lose. nnb, nib. nmlS, nlnb, DT.nb, a smooth table, or plank, of wooa or stone. 2. smooth fresh, green, (vegetablei'. floridity, smoothness (of complexion. J '. ■•n? the lower jaw bone of an auimai. 4. the jaw bone (of a man ) Der. Gr. AJior Lat. locvis Eng. levigate, "^nb to eat, lick up. Dnb food, victual, fruit, meat. Chald. an eating, a feast. 2. bread. :i. bread corn. 4. to fight. ricnTD an engagement. \'<^^ a concubine. Ynb to press, squeeze, crush. 2. to crash, oppress. tfrn a low hissing, whispering sound. 1. to whisper, a wiiisperiii?, secret ftrdytr. 2. to whistle, i<> charm serpents. 3. CVrn female ornaments that have a tinkling sound. u> to hide, involve, wrap up. 13^3 in covert. t3"i7 a covering. 2. *tfi"7 con- juring tricks. Sleights. 3. a kind of gum. myfrh or labdanum. 4- tlbD a hiding I'lace, a v«ult. Kiab to adher.-, stick cIo.se. Arab. n.Sfi27 •1 newt, a species ut iuard. Vt'iih to wtft, sbarpKii, set on edge. 2, .o sharpen. '\:h to luke(acity, town.) 2. to take (by lots.) 3. to take, eaich. m^So » trap. 4. to Ukc, calch (a beast.) 5. to caltli, take hold on. lap over. SS a^ih windinp stai.s. 2. S»^ rh^"^ HEBREW LEXICON. 31 top*? CDXQ the iiii^lil, the (ieviutor, the d;uk con- densed air ou tue back of the eajrth, which is the principal cause of its devid- iiuii iroiii a rectilinear to a circular coursp. ■?. n^*^'*? the scree' h owl. 4- 'h'h kSi^ if not, unless, «cept. irh rK*77 round loops. IC^ to accustom, habituate 2. to learn, to te^ch. ^'Z^n a scholar, 3. I^dSo aa ox goad. \^ to stay, abide, remain. nil7'3 a lodge, hovel, shed. 2. to dwell upon, (tnurmur, gruiuble.) \i/ to lodge oneseif. y ? to iick up, absorb. J>l7 the throat, gullet, swallow. J?'?^ HyVi^ a worm, see y^n- Der. Lat. lingo, French, laiigae, Eiig. language. 2y^ to deride, sneer. iin to mock, deride, sneer, contempt. Der. Gothic ulahgan, ling, laugh. TJ?*7 barbarous. Ps. cxiv. i. lOJJ"? to swalloiv e;tgeily, gnip, Der, y being transposed; to glut. |J?*7 "^^V? wmnnvood. Der. a loon. 13*? *7'3*? a burning torch or tire-brand, aisn flames, liaslies of tire. Der. Gr. and Lat. lauipus. Lng. lamp, nS7 to incline, turn aside, Jud. xvi. 29. Ruth. iii. 8. Job. vi. 18. Der. Gr^«fo? L«t. Iffivus. Eng. left. *^7 to deride, scoil', scoin. 'jlxS ecorning, 2. I^'Sd an advocate, ste \^f2. \*V^ to scolf repeatedl.i , continual. y. -i3f7 llfVD Chald. a house steward, a , butler. p7 to lick or I;ip wiih thi? tongue. 2. pS* the winged chafer. pp7 to liok or lap. repeatedly. Der. to lick, old Lat. lix. Eng. liquor. np7 this often drops theb to take, receive, accept. r^p'^D capture, prey. C^Ppbo tones. »np'?f3 the jaws, mp a prison. nipbDa t.Uiins, receiving, rinpo wares. Der.'Gr. -A'JX^w Eng. Inck, Lat. locus. t2p7 to pick, pickup, gather. 2. topirk up, glean, a gleaning. 3. t» pick up, gather (in sniaU sutns.j Der, Lat. lego, ••".ng. collect. V^3b to crop, cut off, 2. a crop of grass eaten otr. 3. rpbO the harvest rain. Der. Lat. locusta, Eng. locuit. Vb to kiicad as dough. 2. Vf"'} a fierce lion. 3. yVf'^ '^^b tiitf tongue, tongue or Jauxuaae. a bay or arm of ihe sea, a piece of gold, an ingot, a tongue or tiame (>f lire, to betony;ue, speak against. 1*?7 to be wet, nnjist. liquid, moisture. "I^S HDV'?, r)2vh. a chamber room. SV"? a j'igure, a precious stone, like a carbuncle. j^*? the tongue, to speak against. I nn? nnn'pa a wardrobe, vestry, j "Y^^ a cor, half a homer. 1 yr\b to break in pieces. IT'j^nbO the [ grinders. ^n'l'? Leviathan, the crocodile. 2. a whale or large cetacious fish. Ps. civ. 26. N/^b if not, unless, except, 'bib if nof '/N1C)7 see bD vi. 6. n O a particle.from \D from Tiin i. from, by. 2. without. 3. near, toward. *. before, in the piesence of. 5. against. 6. of, concerning, for, 7. from, out of. 8. rather, thiu, more than. g. because of, by reason of. 10. according to. 11. forwant of. 12. with a V. iutliiitive it is negative, from, lest, that, not. after D in this sense to be, is somelimtrs understood. 13. some- time?, though rarely, it admits another particle before it ju the senses, of from, out of, more ihan. 14. with TJ? unto, or "ly^ even unto, foilowiuir, it may be rendered, both, as well. HD abreviated what, as HID what is this ? NO Chald. what. "7X0 strength, ability, faculty. 2, as a n. very, very great. 3. as a^«rf. veiy uiuch, vehemenl. INS TND most txctedingly. la'i ly even exceedingly, to a tery ureal degree Der. might, nXD an hundred. TKO a century. nlN^S hundreds, D'r\K<3 two hundred. nVKD centiirits. Der. Saxon ma. Eng. more. QXtt niKO the least thing, any thing Chuld, QWi a blot, blemish. 38 HEBREW LE\[COM. ',n» y»D ]ND to refuse. 2. H":^^ Chalrt. vessels, instruments, utensils. DHO to crack, peel olT. 2. to despise, abhor. D1KD refuse, vile. "IKO Arab, to rankle, iiwetenife. SO to dissolve, melt. 1. in niph. to he dissolved, melted, 2. to melt, be melted (through ftar). 3. to melt away, be dis- persed. iy2 to melt or dif solve very much, to become very soft (as the earth with rain), to dissolve, dissipate, to lueit, flow, run down, to melt, flow down, Jahiph. to be melted away. Der. mug. TJIO Arab, to excel in i^l-ry. precious fruits, valuable produce. D»"'^0 preci- ous plants, or (lowers. nVj'^;;^ precious fhmgs, vahiable. 7J.0 see bj 12. a sickle, po Chald. gratis, without compensatiou. 2. a shield see \> 3. "li^ to tbrow, cast down. 2. Chald. nearly the same. 3. TliJDO subterraneous raposiiories for corn. ID to measure. '2. mo a share, allotted tribute. S- ^"1^ a long robe. I'I'O to measure exactly, to be measured, leugth- eued out, in hiph. to measure, stretch or extend oneself. Der. Lat. metior, Eng. to mete, Greek MsTpv pO see p 2. a province. yiO tee yi* (3. knowledge, na 1. who, which, what, how, how much, howl by wbat means, in wUU mauuer. wherefore? why} 2. n03 in, or by whut, how? for whHt, whercfoie, why. 3. rr:a how many i so many, how loug^ Low often, Chald. how. 4. riQ7 for what, wherefore, why. 5. ^'O 1)}. how long, nulil. 6. ♦O who > what? of whom, whoEc. 7. 10 the very. "103 in, imo, through the very. T33 as or like the very, actually. inS for. to, at, ou the very 10 hin), them. nf2no to delay, dally, what what? how how? bno to mix, mingle. Der. Fiencb meler, Eng. pell-mell. "inD to hnste, hasten. "^^HD expeditions, ready. mnO haste. 2. to precipitate, fall headlong. ")n03 hasty, prfcipilale, rash, .3. a dowry, poriiofl, (ewpedition money)- Der. to marry. 10 see no J. the very. □"^Q a spot, blemish. NTO see NT» heated. 70 to consume, or be crtusumed. JliO to mix, mingle, wine miu^ed. Dei dr. fxto-yw ({, mix. n^D a girdle, or belt. "110 a corrupt, purulent wound or sore. S ■»7?iD one corrnptly, spuriously born. 2 r^"l10 a corrupt poisonous wind tha blovvs in the iieat of the summer. % DHTO see "IT- 3. compressed air, cold HnO to strike, clap (the hands) together. 2. Chald. strike, smile, j. Chald. ii Tlh. to be smitten, destroyed. nnO to wipe, wipe clean, smooth. 2. tc wipe off (as t^ars). 3. to wipe off, sweej away (by a tiond). *. to wipe, blot on (an inscription). 3. to wipe olt', ob literate, destroy. 6. to wipe otf, to'all} de.stroy. 7- to wipe away (sins}. 8. t( wipe upon, brush by. 9. ♦riD a cata pulta, balista, or battering ram. rf\nr. engines of destruction. 10. no» nio th fat. D'nOO fut things, things coverec with fat. ynO to drive in deeply (arrows;. 2. tc strike, penetrate, wound deeply. 3. tt plunge in, imbrue. pno to break, pierce through, transfix. ' ^^0 to commute, exthange, barter. *t the price, value. 2. the morrow, fierei after. Der. morrow. tSO to slide, slip aside, lapse. 9, slipping gliding (of li'^'htening). 3. tobringupon (they will cause to slide upon). ♦. to b< slipt, disjointed (and so disabled^ 5. tt slip, fail asunder. 6. tfllO u lever, pole slider. 1. riClO the cross bar, slider o a yoke. 8. ."1130 a conch, a rod, se« no3 t3U0 to slip, fall to pieces, b< entirely dissolved. KDO and i^Vi\2 Chftld. to reach unW come to. or npon. nteC see nno a bow shot. bDO b^ttO a forced bar. "WOO to pbower down, rain. '0 see D^ 3- waters.and MO who. 6. D*0 see D* waters, x VO sec njO a species V'O see nv siptcezing. HEBREW LEXICON 33 non "1*Q see 1^* to change ■^0 to decay, t.» fall to decay; grow poor. Der. Gr. M;xp; L^t. maceo, Freiicli inaigrc, Eiig. ineaijie. '^'210 to deliver, give np. 2. to sell ware, laerchandise. 13?2rD a selling, sale. 3. mi3D lee mS 1. -aud ms 1. Der. (3 and 1 being trauspoicd; Lat. nierx. Eug. merchant. Sd to cut off (as flower?, fruit.) 2. to cnt ofl, cut to pieces an eueuiy. 3. to cut otf) the foreskin, circnmcise. 4. n70:3 aneniniet or aut. 5. to divide the voice, arliculate, lalk. D*'?J3 words, spfecbex- n^^D a tolk, a r))e word. 6. "PlO a catting off, termination, boundary, us a parlicLe 3 lieiiig understood, in tlie lerniination, extremity, border. SlD /N at the termination, txtremity. ViO bx ♦JS at the teiuiiu.ilion of the face, towards tlic fore front. 5. "^i^lO at the exiremity. 'bCQ on niy border. blOO from the extremity, from off. btJID'? towards the extremity. ^bO to cnt off entirely, to be divided, br<;ke;i in pieces. TyT^t^ ripe ears of coin. /'''2 to speak, articulately , talk. Der. Gr. M.'Xo; Eiig- melody. kS^ to be full, filled, in iiipli. to be fliled, in bith. to sariate, glut oi.-self, fiilacss, niultititde. 2. to fuliii, iiccouipiish as coua:eis. 5. to fullil, accomplish, com- plete. 4. afler anotbtr, v. fuily, strongly. 5. "inK Vn^ tv. fiiifil alter, f..ilow enti'cly.^ 6. *1' nS-S to fill the band. 7. p« nK"?0 kSo 10 set a stone in (he socket made to receive it. 8. IJjSd D^tflSv.l fill up the boles of the shield. I). 37 K^D fill, (embolden) the heart. nSo i^rj fulness, full leiiRlh. nSo to Uissolvc, he dissolved. TitDQ 2. salt. 3. a'n?^ 6,'jilors, salt wztcr men. *. mISo an herb of a salt faite. 5. rotten, dissolved (rags). 6. Cbald. £.ilt. I»er. Eng. mulch. loSa to deliver, rescue. 2. brin* fyrrh fa ciiilri}, lay (eg^s). 3. to escape. Itai) out, slip aw.;y. 4. to bec'>ij[e Sinooth, Ltild. b. see u7 a vault. "|7^ to reign, a king. 71370 a queen. nioSri a kingdom. 2. Vloloch, the kin?, the ruler 3. a»D\yn nsSo the queen of heaven. flSM'^O the frame or work- manship. 4. to Consult, deliberate, counsel. 5. 0^*70 Milcom. 6. n^^OIIK Adramelech the solar tire, or, illustrioug, florious king. l^OJJ? Aaameleth, the c:ond king. ^■pD, to be soothing, agreeable, sweet. 2. "i^'^0 an :idvocate, intercessor, media- tor, "i. 'i'^^ro the priests, ambassadors, typif al intercessors. 4, n5f*'70 pleasaut- ueas, sweetness, eloquence. p''0 10 wriiiL', pinch off. CD see "0 14. and |D 8. ft30 Ciiald. to number, reckon. ^20 a number. nSD mSO a toll, tax, tribute. n^D to distribute by i umber. CZ^'li'O num. bers, limes. 2. ^*0 a iiiecies, kind. 3. ]'3 a species, manua. 4. riJ;Dn, rijiCn a ilelineation, similitiuie. or rcpresenlatjon. 5. D'JG the strings of a musical instru- ments. 6. to distribnte, allot, appoint, assign, njO. m:?3. r\V3D. niKiO a part, portion. TuQ. a*:D a mina, one hun- dred shekels weight, sixty 8b<-kelb money, 8. p, ♦iO a particle see O ♦iO a part of Armenia. 9. *5'3 Men! (the dispenser, the distributor, an idol of ihe heavens). 10. *J0 Chald. to appoint, ordaiu. li« ^O from, that, who, what. »"t p wlw- soever. Der. many, Lat. roauus, Gr. Mwi' Eng. mental. nj?3, nniO an offering or present. -]jo, NDiiD, x:^r:. 8^3':?3 chald. a wreathed chain or collar. V-^ to withhold, piohibit, restrain, keep back, retain. Dtr. Gr. jW'vi'o; Lat. and Ens;, minor. ■\:0, •Ti:;o a weaver's beam, or roller. r.wO disunion, dissolution of any thing. 1. to melt, diss. live (by heat). 2. to melt, dissolve (by wet). 3, to be loosed dJauaited (as bauds). 4. to waste away, (dissolve insensibly). DOJ wasted. 6. applied to the heart, loosing its consist- ency, strength, tirmness. 6. to melt, be melted, consume awa/. Tip's a wasting. 34 HEBREW LEXICON. PD h\ffi:i consuminjr, 7- ^^ a draught or levy of men. t5. r\DO a tribute, tax, excise. CDO to melt, entirely dissolve, Uer. moist. "ID'S' nSDD the warp. 2. HaiDD an intextiire, entanglement. 3. to mix. nOOD old turbid wine. 4. to mingle, lutoxicj'?2 see "i>* xi. and Hiy i. 2. niJ^C cave, cavern, see n"lV vii. K'.ft2 to find, meet with. 2. to find, meet with (an enemy). 3. to tind, ligljt npon, befal. *. to find (what was lost). 5. t'j find ont (what was unknown). 6. to find (receive in return). 7. to find obtain, procure, acquire. 8. to find (supply), sufiice. 9. to find, experience, feel. lo. iiiph to be found, attend, be pretent. 11. ill hith. til cause to find, oJlcr present. 12. "I* K2fon the hand findetb, ready at hvind. n".fO see my il. a dffile. nyo to squeeze, piess. ^'D .squeezing. 2. a cake of unleavened bread. 3. to express, squeeze, wring. 4. chatf. 5, to squeezx-, wring, oppress. ryo sec njf v. vi. the forehead. |50 to dissolve, lot, pine, waste away corruption, putrefaction, stench. Der.' muck. Lat. muceo, ling, mucid. ^P'i a light rod, or twig. ID to be bitter. 2. myrrb. 3. to be em' bittered, grieved, displeased. ♦. a drop, see "ICJ 3. "»10 to be very bitter, oflfensive to the taste. n~nO the bile or gall, to imbitter exceedingly. D♦^1^0n great bitternesses. "10"1D to be exceed- ingly embittered, provoked. KID to raise, swell up. 2. HKIO swelling with pride, arrogant. 3. HKID the crop of a pigeon. 4. K'lO a fatted beast, a fatliug. 6. Chald. a sovereign, a sup'teme lord. JIQ a threshing machine, van. TIO to rebel, revolt. 2. 1T\^ afflictioB, dejection, see 11" 2. iTi?3 to resist, stand up, or rebel agaitist. *"1Q disobedience, rebellion. 2. HTD a razor. S. lOn see 100. *no to overspread, smear or spread over. Der. merk, murky. 10"ID to make or wear smooth or shining. 1. to furliish, burnish, rub bright. 2. to wear smooth and shining. 3. to make smooth. 4. to be plucked, made smooth. Y"l?3 1. to be strong, forcible. 2. to force, compel, embolden. pID to scour, cleanse. 2. to scour, fur- bish. •}. broth. It'O to feel, search, examine. 2. to feel about, grope. tfVfO toseanh repeatedly, by feeling, to grope, feel about. nt'O lo withdraw, remove. 2. to draw out or forth. 3. 'er, minstrel. n:'J3 striueed instruments, a psalm, a song. a singiug to stringed instruments. ri30;o a song, music. VJ3 to touch, meddle with. 2. to reach touch, come onto. 3, to come upon, occur, happen. 4. to smite, strike or plague. P]33 to hit, strike, smite. ^1533 a slaughter. 2. to smite, a stroke or pkigue. 3. to hit, strike, 2 stumbling against. 4. in hi|)li. to clap, shnt to. 5. P]i the body, rS*3 a body, csrcase. 6. ^^ the wing of a bird. 7. *5J the wings, appendages of a 36 HEBREW LEXICON, inj. am building. 3. ♦Sjjtt fJie bodies, or corps of an army. 9. ^3> a vine. tXl^ tDJ the vine of the field, or bitter gourd. 133 to spread out, or abroad. 2. to spread abroad, diffuse, pour out. D^1J3 lor- reiiu, 3. to pour out, shed blood. 4. to spread abroad, stretch out. \PJ5 beiug cl'^se to, ciriiliniug, pressing. ^1. VJ31 lo be close to, coulined by, or in. 2. ^''i clods, filtb, adhesive dirt. 3. to come close, very near to. 4. to straiten, oppress, distress. 5. extort, exact, tax gatherer, task master. tt*BfJI3 to come very close to. ■73 to move, remove. 1. to move, wag, he asitated, shaken. Tj and 11-D a shaking, wagsing. 2. to flit, tly away. 3. a fngiiive, vagabond, i. flit away, [as sleep]. 5. to remove, reject, cast out, axray. fllJ removed, rejected, reproba- ted. 6. the price of a wLore, the retiring fee. 7. *3*7: the price given to an adul- foress. 8. p3 a sheaili, or scabbard. 9. pi * Cliald. the body the scabbard of the soul. JO. a Leap of things moved one upon another. '^*T3 to remove quickly, hasten away, to depart, swiftly, flit away [like a vision], to renwve hither and thither, wander, in hiih. to be agitated, oa one's own account. S*I3 free, libeial. 3»^3 free, spontaneous, liberal. nin*"I3 liberalities, liberal things. m3 see 'J3-5. ^113 to impel, force, thrust. ""I^O im- oulse. 2, to make an impnise or stroke. 3. to be impelled, incited, moved. p3 see 13 7. e. 9. i^13 ?ee yT 7. to know. f^T3 to drive, hurry away. .""I^ to vow, promise, consecrate, ^^3 to carry away, lead, bring, drive. 2. to lead, carry, carry away, conduct. :>. to bring, lead. 4. to drive. J»n30 a driving, marching. . Der. a nag. FretiCh maneger. nnj to lament, bewail. ♦HS a lamentation. 'HJ to tend, lead on. gently. 2. to cmi. duct, c^rry gently. 3. to tend, take care of. Q*^7n3 shining, gaudy flowers. C3ri3 to grnmble, growl. 2, to roar, or murmur (as the sea). 3. to grumble. groan.moan. nDn3murmaring, moaning pn3 to bray (like the wild ass). 2. to make a doleful C17, or noise. ^•13 to flow, ran. '^n3, a»"in3. rvnns, a stream, river, flood. 2. Chald. a river. 3. to flow, run together (a» people). 4. mnj a stream, or flux of light. 5. iiiph. to be enlightened, i. e. comforted. 0. PTinOD dens (enlightened by an hole.; 7. '*i">7^3 Ciiald. li?ht. ^13 to dwell, house, fold, sheepcote, . dwelling, den. /1J to confiscate. TtJ see n to boil. nti to leap, leap out. 1. to leap, spurtj out (as blood). 2. hiph to sprinkle. 3. to exult. , 7?3 to distil, trickle, run down, D*7Ti trickling streams, rills. 2. to trickle down, melf. r^. to exhale freely, flow out. 4. r\'>7lj efiluxes, streams of light from ihe pUuets, Der. L?.t. stila, Eng. to still. DT3 a ring fc-r the ear or nose. pV to damage, impair. 17J to })eseperated, set apart, seqnestered. 2. *TT3 a nazarite. "^IJ tiie seperation, the nazarite hair or locks. .'5. '^♦iJ seperaled from its osnal state and con- dition. 4. a crown, diadem, holy oil or a.ny other mark of separation. . ■ nJ to rest, settle, after labor, or ra«lion. nn3 rest, r.nj quietness nl-D a resting place. nm:D nC^ chief chamberlain. 2. nn1.:a nn3D a gitt.oblatiou, present. nln'J.nn'J entire resti tolai appease- ment. Tn1n»3 Cha Id. sacrifices of rtst. Der. Gr. Ni.|. wxtc^, Lat nox, noclis. G.»th. naiita, ht^ich miit, Eng. night. rin3 fo lead,- guide, conduct. 7TM tu inherit, an iuheritancc^ 2.;r\^»ni some wind iiistrnment comp. bbfis. and ''n 3. S. a valiey.a tojrenf, Dni to comfort, console, cheer. Pnj nr:ni. n.-^n:. consojatioy. a. (<, repent repentance. \r.:, l:n: we, see ijnj« ynj to hasten, urge. •^nito snort. 'Vn the nostrils. 2 snorting, (as a war horse.-) 3. to suorl (as iu anger). HE B RE W LEXICON. 37 fj-JJ Vn; to view, eye, observe attentively. 2 to look, search, enquire accnnucly. 3. loHiiXiir. 4. a serpent. 5. a sea serpent. 6. Htfn^, n^irn, nvna, copper, native brass. ^^'^^ i»r;izcu, made of brass. 7. JXlfni poisooous filth, verdigrease. 8. Hit'rW .a chaiu fr fetter of brass or copper. 9. see ]ntt'n: a brazen serpent. nnj to descend, come down. 2. Chald- to descend. S. toxlescend into, pierce. ♦, i)s a particle, under, P-TinD underneatb, below, nnno? at under, under, for, instead of, in the place of, for, on account of, because ef. 5. D'nnn lower, lowest, ^^nnn lower, netber, inferior. Der neath. i^'Oi to stretch, stretch oat or fortb» decline, incline. 1. to stretch out (as a lent. nUflO the stretchings out, ex- tensions. 2. t(» stretch out "(as a line). S. to stretch out (the hand). *. to stretch out, extend (as a sbadow). 5. to stretch out, incline, let down, to decline (as the day/. 6. to decline, turn aside, hiph. to reduce. ntfiD a declinin^jturn- iug aside, aposiacy. 7. ia hiph. to cause to decline, divert, turn aside (judgment). 8. to incline or decline to a party. 9. to decline, bow, lean as a wall. 10. to incline, bow, bend oneself. 11. to extend, diffuse, pour abroad. 12. to stretch, spread out. 13. to stretch, recline oneself. 14. a mattrass. a divan or sopha, a litter, palanquin, a bier. 15. a rod, branch, a stick or staff, ihe start' of bread, a rod or staff for beatiug, the «tatr for the shoulder, a rod of authHflO staves or bars of a yoke, rods or shafts of arrows 16. n5:D- TXJiU a tribe. 17. as a particle. <"I!Sa down- wards, Delow, beneath. nOf37 down- wards, to below, beneath, underground. riDC7'3 beneath, nndeine»'th. at Ijelow. Der. Lat. matta, £ng mat, mattress. ^tfli to impose, lay on. 2. lo impose as % punishment 3. '^TD3 carriers, bearers, or loaden with. 4. ChaM. to lift up. raise, elevat-e. also, see v'tS and ^t3*" i'Ci to plant. 2. to plant, settle a nation- 3. lo plant, fix a lent. JD) to distil as rain. 2. to dislil, flow down. 3. to distil drop, stacte, myrrb. 5. TMi''Ui drops, jtwels. 103 to watch, mark, observe, a keeper, a watchman. 2. to watch, observe in- siduously. 3. HTJD a mark, or butt. ^ ♦. niDD a prison, a place watched. 'i'l^l to loose, loosen, let loose. 1. in ulph. to be loosened, slackeiied. 2. to set loose, spread forth. 3. to b..- set loose, diffused, stretch out. rWL3:> the luxuriant branches oi a vine. *. to draw a sword, i,. niph. to be uiilused', spread abroad. 6. nYt^m extending fortifications. 7. to let loose, let go, leave, a. to iet go, leave off, dismiss- 9. to leave, remit. 10. jyiaj with 7 leave at liberty, i)ermit to do. ii. to Iti alone, leave, 12. to set loose, forsake, abandon. p see \: a son. K33 see TOO spicery. *73J posterity, progeny. n^J to smite, strike. 2. Sn2i seena 2. puuiittiiig. JDer. to nick. lm. neco, Eng. noceiit, innocent. ri33 straigbtaess, riglitness. 1. to make straight, direct. 2. direcUy, opposite, over against. n2J7 st.'aight fi>rwar see Sl3 □3 to siarnfcer, dose, sleep lightly. HO'tf slumbering, drowsiness. TlCijn slumber- in?, composure. Dtr. uumb. 7»3 see 70 4. an ant. 103 Chald. t'> variesnte. 1. the pard or panther. 2. THOS n*S the temple of the paid. 3. "iD a spot or drop. j3 to propagate, spread successively, ^*5 a son. y^'^ to be made or become a son. D3 a quick, waving, tremulous motiou. 38 HEBREW LEXICON, nrj 2yj 1. to nee, a flii?ht. Dl:o a refuge. 2. ti> glitter. 3, a banner, ensiijti, a sign, signal, a sail. *. p*3 Nisan. CDJ to fly off enlirely, to wave, glister witli ligJit, as stones, to erect, display. JD3 t<> recede, retire, go back. , , • no J to try, attempt, essay. 2. to try, prove, tempt. riD?2 trials. 3. to try, tempt (G<>d^. temptation. Der. nice, Lat. iiasus, French nez. Eng. nose. nD3 to take, pull, pluck away, ■]SJ to diffuse, pour out, a libation. 2. to diffuse, pf>ur abroatl. 3. to spread over, overspread. D^DD a covering. coverlet. 3 plea- sant meats, dainties. \Vi to fix, infix. yiV;?3 a kind of thorn. *1J?3 to agitate, move briskly. 1, to shake, agitate. 2. an agitation, violence, per- turbaiion. 3. ^"1^3 tow. ♦. a child, a youth, young man, or woman. JTIJIS a girl. 5. a child, ignorant, simple. 6. to roar, from iy. >]> to reach out, stretch forth, I. Hiph. to reach, stretch out. 2. Hiph. to reach, stretch out. 3. Hiph, to reach out, pre- sent, tender. 4. to stretch forth, ext^nd. B. to etretch forth, extend. 6, ^13 a stretching forth, extention. i. r>&D,r>"lS3 an evtention, crtent. a. n53 honey, see nS 4. r|&3 to stretch out repeatedly. nbJ to breathe, to blow wi:h a bla;st of air, a bellows. 2. to puff, snnff at. ri£5 pjffiiig. ^. to pant for breath, breathe sho.'j 4, to bello ", in Hiph. tu smite. ''? 5- n»3 ashes. 6. D»nS quick burning coals. anS live coals. 7. n>sn the citron. Der. Gr. "^nw Eng. pueumalic. ^^i an emerald. ''SJ to fall, 1. to fall (as lots). 2. to fall, befil, happen. 3. to tali (to the ground) fail. 4. to fall upon, (as sleep, lerror). 5. to fall down, (as a t^^ wall). nSsD a ruiu. 6. to fall •^3 m battle). 7. to 'be fallen, to lie C^s on a bed, or dead). 8. to lie, lie down. 9. to lie, be disposed (as an aroiy. lo. to lie, be situated, dwell. U. with D following to fall shoit of, be itiferior to. 12. with ti following, to fall off, cease from. n. to fall, sink (as tae coiniteruuce). 14. to fall, decay rot. lb. Hipb. to cause to fall caVt forth. 16. to be dejected, cast down. 17. to fail, to no purpose, or to be lost. 18. to fall, be laid, pieaent. accept, jw. to fall upon, nbsa.ilt. 20. to liybt down alight. 21. fall off, desert. 2 J. an abortion! an abortive birth. b3'2 refuse, ofia! (of corn). 24. ♦S£)o fl,kes. 05.' nSso a dead carcase. 26. D»'?S3. D^S'fli, assaulters. SbSi to fall tnlirely re- peatedly. Der. to fall. ^£53 to dissipate, disperse. 1. to disperse, disseminate. T;»0 dispersion, dissipa- tion. nii'isn dispersions. 9. to dissi- pate, to break in pieces, a club. 3 lo loose, separate into distinct pieces. Y^fSS tod«sh. break into many pieces. ySVSJ to fihaifer exceedingly. |5W to bring, draw forth, produce. 2. p'Sit an effusion, eflSux, stream. 3. Chald. to go foMii, issue "out. NnpfeJ expence. disbursement. W&3 to breathe, respire, take breath, breath. 2. IfSJ ♦nn smelling i.oxes. S. a breathing fijinie, or body. 4. a living creatu.e. or breathing animal. £. aflec- tions. desires, appetites. n&3 see niD3 and 8. HS 4. KX: to shoot, rush, fiec away. 33fJ to stand, stand up. 2. 3»X3 a statue a pillar. 9. to t>e settled. 4. the haft or handle of a sword. 5. ^i^ a military j station, or, garrison. 6. CSJfi station. cry soldicra. 7. with TV following, to HERR.EVV LEXICO.V. ^y^ a J/} be Bet, preside over. ft. Chald. Kn25f3 fixedness. firmne53, strength. Ti'ii to shoot, break, burst forth or on*. !. to shoot fortb, bod, germinate. n5f3' Piti a blossom. 2. to shoot forth, spring (with vegeiables). 3. the plnmase or feathcjs of birds. 4. >J3 the hawk, the shooter away. 5. to shuot, rush, flee away. 6. to break out, strive, contend, strife. ^2f3 to sh„ot out, spariile. D^^fS: sparkliu?. ^Ijf': a spark. HX3 to be over, preside, subdue. 2. supe- riority, excellency, strength, victory. J. •T^iO the suhduer, the conqueror. 4. beyond, onward, enduring, continuing, persevering. HJ:? onward, still con- tinually, for a loni,' time, to subdue, till subdued, ri3f3 ty yet farther, until subdued. tY3 to take, pluck away, escape. 2. to deliver. 3. to take trom, plunder, spoil. "^yi to keep, guard, preserve, reserve. '2. to keep, guard, watch. 3. a plant, sucktr, young tree. 4- □^"iiyjinclosures. Hpj see npi 5. pure. Sp? to make hollow, form cavities. 1. to pierce, penetrate, perforate. 2. '2pJ pipes, fistuiar instruments of music. 3. n3j30 a hole or cavity. *. a hammer, sharp on one side to break in piece.s. 5. Hap] a female. 6. Dp' a wine fat. 7. — p a cab. three pints one third Kngli.sh. 8. T^'2p the inner p?rt or mom of a tent. 9. HDp the belly of a female. 10. to pierce, wound, blaspheme. 11. to impress, mark, dis- tineiiish, define. *i3pi defined, denomi- nated. Ip2 to spr't. 1. spotted, speckled. 2. ca^lpJ mou'.dy spots. 3. D'^p^ cakes spotted with holes or seeds. 4. n\1(5J etnils or spots of silver. 5. a shepherd, who marks sheep. npD to clear, clean away, 1. to be clear, cleaned away. 2. *r'p3f3 broad, shallow howls or difihes, 3. to clear away, ^Vp3 cleanness.- 4. to clear from guilt. 5. KpJ clean, pure. 3)33 to avenge, revenge, vengeance. ypa seeVp* alienated. ^pi to go round, surround. J~?l3"!pn revohitioa, jircuit. 2. to surround, en- compass. Sp3 a girding. 3. to surround, go round, a compass. 4. Hiph. to g,/ round, cut round. 5. CSW apft, monkeys. "IpJ to bore, dig, cut out. 2, uiph. to be iligged, cut out, 3. niph. to be borea, perforated, eaten in holes. 4. Pnpi ri*ip3 a hollow cavity, a hole. 6. Ilpo a spring, or fountain, aeelp. fc'p3 to lay snares. 2. Chald. to dash or clash together. "IJ to split, seperatc, divide. 1. 1*5 to plough, a ploughing. 2. *1J rn3 rr*i; a lamp. *1*3 a lamp giving light. •'"'^•3'2 £ chandelier, a place for lamps. 3. "\l3n a furnace. 4. Chald. TJ «n1J fire. "'13 nard, spikenard. Kti^J to bear, take or lift up. 1. to bear, bear up. 2. to take up. 3. to .be r. suffice, contain. 4. to lilt up, lay on. 5. to bear, carry. 6. to lay on, impose, h usurer, in niph. one oppressed. 7. to carry, bring. 8. to take away, carry ori. 9. to take, receive, ooiaiii. 10. to bring, take [as a wife]. 11. to take up [words, discourses]. 12. to take [as a uuniber], see 23. 13. to brinar, present, n^'ii'3 a fjift. I U to bear, as a tree does fnut. , o. to bear sin as an oflciider, as amukr, fine, reproach. 16. to bear sin, lakeawa). 17. with 7 following, to bear with. 18 to raise, take, lift up the feel, eyts, &c. r\mf an elevation, rising, swelling, ti^ty elevation, height. K*C3 a prince, an elevated person. Q-KCi vapors. HNVQ an elevation, rising, mstt'n elevations, heights, outcries. ^IKVO ^^ elevated cry, acclamation. 19. io raise, lift np ae waves. ]'^iiV lifting up, swelling, insolence' 20. to consume, burn, raise, raise in smoke. I'l. to elate, pufT np. seduce by elation. 22. t'Kn »V/3 to lift up the head. 23. r«n Ktf3 to take a sum. 24. D*3S kWS to lift np the face. 25. fSi HVf^Sti to lift up the soul, or de3ire8, affections. 5Ty3 to breathe, blow. 3V3 to overtake, reach, attato. 2. to over- 40 HEBREW LEXICON, pn: pass, go beyond, 3. in hiph, with 3 or "^ tollowiiiy, to reach or altaiu to. •'^'i'J to fie relaxed. 2 to be relaxed, weakened H'^'n a faihire. S. D't'J wouitu. 4. to he relaxed, remiss iii puDiihiiig 3. to letgo. n^tt>3 oblivion. for?et(ulne83. 6. to lend. T.^''^ a loan. ^'i*y.O lenders. •^'vi'3 to i)ite. 2. to hurt, damage, usury. 6. HDB'i a chamber. 7C'3 to cast, reiijove by force. 2. to fake aw.iy. i to be cast. *. lo cast (us fruit J13 tne oHvej. 3. to pull off (as a shoe). CVD to breatlie, breathe out. 2. riDtt»J. r>CV3 breath. 3. I^JS^^ the spirit of man. 4. rDtt'3 the breath or inspiration of God, 5. nrD*«y3n the chameleon. G. nttV:n the noose or some other water fowl. ^\^*i to blow. 2. the evening or morning breeze. P)'^3» the Ibis or Bittern. 4. Ca-fitt'Ka kuid of conjurors, see^JtyS* 1. j5W3 10 smack, kiss. 9. to kiss, touch gently, lightly. 3. to clash (as armour). 4. to snap, crackle (as fire). n\t*J to lacerate, cut. nWra a saw. 2. au tagle. PV; see nc*. r^niif, and Htt': 2. Chald. pnU?J, N3inV: a letter. snj. 3^^3, na^nj a patb. nrj to cut in pieces, a piece cut off. "inj to he poured out, distil. £. to he fused, melted. 3. to he poured forth. )r\5 to give, grant, bestow. riDHD a gift, nno a gift. pHK a gift, reward, present. 2. with n. 7K. Sjf . ♦J&b, and the like followiu?, appoiut. :<. to make, to effect. 4. to give, grant, hestow, permit. 5. to give, give forth, ntter. G. to give, yield, bring forth plentifully. 7. to give, send forth, emit. 8. withVy following, to'set, to set upon, attack. 9. C3*J"in3 Nethl- rims, persons given to the priests and levites to assist them. TD to demolish, destroy, spoil. ynj see yn *? to break. \r\i to bteak to pieces, break down, des- troy, demoUsh. pn3 to draw, withdraw. 1. to he drawn away, withdrawn. 2. to withdraw, draw off, entire, away. S. to draw, pluck np, or off, i. to draw off, or out. 6. to draw, pluck asuiidtr. 6. a kind of leprosy, a scall. 7. p*''^^* pI'^X an outer cloister. "inj to loose, loosen, let loose, set free. 2. to move, be moved loosely, nimbly. 2. nairura, 'T nitre, 4. Chald. to fall off, shake off. tt'n3 to extirpate, 2. to root up, raze. 3. lo extirpate, root up, eradicate. 4. («f waters), to be drawn out, exhausted. nnrSJ ChaUl. a gift, reward. Tnn3 Nibhaz the idol of the Avites. l^nn: Kntt?n33 chald. a sconce or chan- delier. • n\t'n3 Nehnstan, the brazen serpent. "^IDj Nisrcc, an Assyrian idol. 7Jnj Nergal, the idol of Cuth. n^D to measure, a Seab, two and a half gallons. nXDKD repeated, exact measure ^ND to shoe, a warrior, ^"iND a greave. 2D to turn, turn about, aside, around. *. to turn, (iu hostility), 3. to turn aside, remove. 4. to be turued, changed, altered. 5. to turn, go about, encomp.is». ♦aDr2 environs. TiMDD circuits. C. lo encompajs with, enclose. i3D to turn, turnabout, to go about, go round, ciicurt. to surround, encompass repeatedly. a»aD circumference, environs. ♦. to encompa."^?, enclose. K3D to drink hard, guzrle, strong drink, inebriating liquor ■jSD to weave, entwine, a thicket. «, Chald . K23D a kind of harp. 7:10 to support, bear, carry a burden. 2« Chald. ^'^niDD strongly laid, fit tobear. Uer. Lat. sabulum, sand. Eng. eabulosily. "130 Chald. to think, hope, expect. iO to recede, go, retreat. 3. nj>0 with- drawn, retired. 3. J»D,.nU*D. D»JD dross (of metals). *)i)ID to bow (down to the ground), s. Chald. to bow. IJDfi a place of worship. SiD Chald. to pain, acquire. TitJD property, treasure. Der. lat. 8in'.;ulus, £ng. single. IlERRETl- LEXICON. 41 2D \D pD- u:';!J;D princes, uobles, crer.t mm. "^iD III ;hut, shut lip. "^"l-O an euclc^sure. "iJ'D CDiifinement "1350 a prison ni:i;Da border, 9. IJDC a 'mitli, or locksMii'b. 3. IIJD close, solid, massive. ■n•^iD to sliul very close. '*TD a clog, or logger, 'z- TD a secret. or separate assemhly. a secret. \1V to loosen, Itt loose. ptD a shirt, smock. «r loose gown. Der. Gr. 2:*v^wv L?,t. sindon. "1*70 1. C'llD rows (ray?, beams). 2. t'm3>*2 a gallf-ry, colonnade. "\nD 1. round, of a round form. 2. ri'2 "\nDn a prison, roundljouse. r.'V lo cover, cloatlie. r^O a garment, vt-sture. 2. niDD a covering, a vail. 3 p'D Sivan about May, Chald. to rejoice. 3nD to dra?, draw by force or violence. 2. to pull {as doss witli the teeth}. 3 TilsriD raes, tatters. nriD to sweep, scrape off. D*mDrefuse, offscoiiiiiig. 2. to sweep otf, remove entirely. 3. to demolish, raze. Der. to sack, French saccager. f^pv to sweep, drive. HD^nD- n3lnD a , violent shower. Der. to sweep. "Hnp to move to and fro. 1. to go about, ^' wander, traverse. 2. a hawker, merchant, ijierchaiidise. n"!nD a mart. 3. mnO a target, t)uckler. 4. rnnD fine varie- taifd marble, "innn:) to flutler, palpitate. U'HD. V^no corn growing ipontaneoasly, in the third year after seed time. r,S2D, a^'^D decliuers. HD to overspread, cover, a tabernacle, covert, den, "^DO a covering vail. ^^^ ,, "^D»D a covert, shelter. 2. to cover, „|>fotect. defend. 3. to cover overspread. 4. V^in nN "ID to cover bis feet. 5. to overspread, smear over. 6. r\^30 \m^ Succolh Benoth, the tabernacles, ' of young women, dedicated to the productive powers. "IDDto cover, over. shadow completely. "vDDD to protect, defend repeatedly. , S-D to p^-rvert, a fool, ni73D perverse- r.ess, folly. pD to lay in store. 1. p30D frugal. thrifty. n^D-DO rosjaziu^s, a store- k-eper, a bouse steward. 2. to profit, lay up. 3. Cj; pD to lay up with. 4. to lay up store. ^3D lo close, shut, shut up. 2 Child, to hire. Der. a ecar, Gr. ^x'ppof. ciiirrous, Lat. sacer. r^SD t.i keep silence, b« sileut. Sp to raise, elevate, exalt, l to rai?c up. ^VD» a highway. 2. to cast, throw op. 3. a basket. 4. n^bD?3 elevations, ex- aliations. 6. HlbD.'a risings, ascents. 6. to raise, elevate, hence. n'JD Selah* *?^D to raise, cast np, very high. ^"^^0^ a way so raised. n^^D a high bank, mount, to raise opposition. bD/D to _ exalt excpedingly. mSo'^D large baskeU. k'"^D D^nScd comparable. n^D to sh'ike or strike the ground with exultation. HtD to strew, lay prostrate. 2. nipb. to be estimated. 3. IwV fine flour; meal. nbO to loose, relax, remit. nn^So mn^So remission, forgiveness. Der. slack. 3 .D a ladder, stairs, or steps. \bO, Q'>3lbD a kind of thorn, perhaps the dew briai. y 7D a rock. rj'^D to pervert, turn aside, 2, to subvert, .overthrow. Dtr. to slip. p^O Chald, to ascend, go, come up. Der. Lat scala, Cng. scale, French and Eng. escalade. nSo fine flour free from bran. ao- 0**20 drugs, aromatic «pice». 2» 'CDX barns, magazines. ■jCD to support, uphold. 2. 7y "ICD to support, lean, lay upon. 3. with •/ or *^^* following, to lie hard upoa» press, oppress, press hard. SoD a figure, image, idol. rnO to mark, appoint. ^CD3 marked, appointed. "1":D to be rough, sharp pointed. C*"l20'3 nin':DO. s. nails, spikes. "SCD P> the rough chafer. 3. to be rougti, stand on eud. 4. to be rough, and shiver. TO to ponr out, to become clean. y.vH 42 HEBREW LEXICON. -,£)0 1217 effusion, dissolution. ]V'iO the cluster of fruit oa the palm or date tree. ."I^D a bush. ■^:D Q^'llJD (\zz7Mns,9, deceptions of sight. DD to he brisk, uctive, sprightly, to etult. O'ln a horsi'. 2. DID a swallow. 3. a moth. Der. 2>ij a moth . IVD to support, sustain, uphold. S- appUed 10 bread as sustaining tht: heart. 3. IJ/D'S propt up work, stairs. nyD see V^i a moving. PjyD to split, rive. 2. "Syc the branches. 3, fj^yD a rent or clett of a rock. 4. D'SyD tearing, rending, lyo to be turbulent, tumultuous. 2. to he violently disturbed, agitated. 3. a violent wind, tempest, or whirliviud. 4. to disturb, agitate, disperse. Der. sore. f\D a bowl, bason, concave. 2. a thresh- old, a lintel. KBD_ KISD^ uiixt provender. *)3D to moan, lament. *7BD0 a moan, wailing, lanieutRtin. *. a par- ticular account or relation, an hiero- elyphical, emblematical, memorial, an account in literal writing, a book, roll, volume, a bill or note, an epittle, letter, a de«td or conveyiiiire, 5, a notary, re- corder, secretary, hist'irio^rapher, scribe* 6. learning, literature. SpD to . ^ 7|3D to clear or pelt from. pelt. 2. to pelt, stone (to death)- "13 to decline, turn aside, depart. 2. displeased, fastidious, turning away. 3. gone off, sour, '.urned. 4. to turn aside, apostatise. 5. "1*D a p t. 6. *T>D the straggling shoots. T.'^'O a thorn. 8. ]VlD a coMt of mail, T^q 'o turn away, re. perttedly. Der.Greck c^vpw to sheer off. !nD a nettle. mC to spread, stretch out, superfluity. 2. to become luxuriant. Der. lo stretch. 1"^D Chald. a president l^D, »i-iD axletrees. 2. D^J^D prince?, chiefs, ruli^rs. D"ID, D*1D an attendant, officer. 2. a lord chamberlain. 3. a eunuch. P]"lD to anoint. HD to stir, raise, ronse. 2. to stir up. incite, excite. 3. to excite, irritate. 4. HD to urge from, avert, turn from. 5. tHD the disturbed, turbulent part of the year, Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. 7nD see 77D under *?D. 3. to excite opposition. DHD to stop, obstruct. 2. to stop, shut out (as prayer). :i. to stop, shut up (as a vision). 4. the inner man. D^ro something hidden, or abstruse Der. to stem, stammer. ^^D to hide, conceal, aecreet. r\')r\D a biding pjace, protection. firiDO a hi- ding.' place, a den. 2. to destroy, demolish, Ciiald. Der. store. YVD see mo 8. about May, the rejoicing month ■ DJ?bD to swallow down, consume. nnoD the bud, or budding of a flower. N»:3D1D or n'ilSQlD a musical instra-^ menf, perhaps a pipe perforated with many holes. < llMiO. see "^^D dazslings of light. ^ n^SJD the fin I of a fish. Sn"\D Chald. to cover, a clbak. f^ViD long branches. *1b^D a briar or wide'spreading thorn. 'T'iy lo serve, labor, work, 2. to scrvt HEBREW LEXICON. p:^ my till, collivafe. m^J/ a tilling or tillage. "3. to drfss (a vineyard). 4, to serve, a servant, .«lavp. iTlS]^ serTitiide, service. 5. .wiih *? f"lli)wiiji;, to serve, worship. ^!^^J? rcUjioiis service. 6. Chuld. to m^ke, form, do. 7. Chald. t> kcfp, observe. Der. Lat obedio, French obeir, Eng. obey. n3y to be thick, gross. ♦SJf thickness. 2, Sy a tiiitk beam, or plank. 3. to becoine gross, unweildy, bulky. 4. the density of vapours, a cloud, i. the gross condensed part of tiie celestial fluid. 6. n^yo density (as clay). 7. D*3y t»;ckets. Der. web, Lat. nubo. ^yj to turu aside, divert. 2. a pledge, or pawn. ^yj to pass off, distil, be; ond, over. 2. to pass over. Hl^y a ferry boat. l2yD a f<>rd. 3. to pass, go. be current (as silver). 4. to pass away, overpnss. 5. 113y product (of land T^hich passes from It). 6. to cause to pa?8, (an in- heritance). J. to make over, give up. (as the first born to Jehovah). 8. with Sy f.tllowing, to pass over, forgive. 9. to pass beyond, transgress. 10. with ■ if following, to be laid or charged upon. K. in hiph. to pass away, remove. l2. to overdo, overcome. 13. .T'Dy excess ('of anger or oride). 14. "^13^3 because on account of. 2. to the end that. Der. over, ever. t"3y to be shrank ap (by rtrousht.) ri2]l to twine, intwine, crtniplicate. 2. nay. n>3y □•nay. mnay. 3. to complicate, artfully contrive a rope. ijf to bake (upon or under coals.) 2ijf to be set or joined upon another. 1. to dote (upon). 2. a musical instrumenti composed of pipes united together. 7!y round, orbicular., ittondnes*. 2. vOy a ring, ear-riu?. 3. /Ji"3 a round camp. 4, nSiy. mbay a car, a cornwain. 6. ^3yD a wa?eon way, a highway. 6. **5jyD circulators, revolvers. 7. a calf, heeve, steer, heifer. Der. Enc. wheel. 2jy to be srievrd, afflicted, groan. JW 'o 00 dotaiued, stay. 'V^yy a crane. *7y beyond, farther, besides. 1. as a particle, "Cy yet. still, besides, moreover, asrain, yet a?aln, any more, a long while, any other, any else. TiyS whilst yet, in yet. Tyo from the long time. 9. as a panicle, TJT yet, still, until, tint'i, to, even moreover, further, whilst, dniin? the time that, by, not later than, till, along, perpetu- ally, ny.-jy both, and *J 'ly nnfil. K7 1]r n-^t yet. "Il'^ whilst yet. in yet. .1. ♦•7y to, unto, until. 4. time onward, fuinrjty, 5. to bear wlfn^ss, to fe^tiry. my a testimony. n*Tiyn testimony. 6. my an assembly, liy to preserve, continue slill (i;i life.) Kiy see my pass aivay. my with ny followin?, to pass over. 2. t" pnt on, ca'ise to put npon. 3. Chald. to pass, pass away, ditto STj*. jTy pleasure, delight. 2. \nyri7] m de Ight oneself. OmpD delicacies, deli?ht. 3. hitherto, yet, as apajticte. 4. Chald. KTiy time, occasion. Der. H^o>^ pleasure. f)iy to exceed. ■>^y to separate, sever, set apart. 1. to be severed, separated. 2. to be dressed, (seraratiDg the earth;, myo a spade or mittock. 3. to separate, dispose (as an army). 4. a flock, a herd. Dtr. En». other. tt^'iy a lentil, (an herb). iTiy see "ry a testimony. Ty^y to distort, pervert, i. to pervert, ovetthrow. 2. D*'y a heap of ruins. S. a heap of earth turned up *y 4, the heap, or turuuloiis (of a ?ravf). 6. to be distorted, wreathed. 6, lo pervert, turn aside [a path], t. to pervert, turn aside [justice], py. ♦Jiy, nijly perver. Sinn, depravity, perverseuess. iniquity. 3. a^y* shovels. 9- *yo the bowels." niyo gravel, r\^y^y repeated errors" perversion, deviations. ' *>ly blind, destitute of light. 2. the sijn, J. Chald. chaff. •^"•y to incline, e. to Incline, be pqr'ial. injustice. 3, to pervert, range to dec jne, deviate. 4. to time, .see riry i. 44 HEBREW LEXICON. n^ir n^r IV strength, vigor, to be strong, vigorous, to prevail, ily^ strong holds. Q. to iiasteii, move, move with vijjoui. 3. the strength ai-.d activity uf the air. *.a goHt. 5. Duty's protfctors, guardians. 6. □"STy the black eagles, or perhaps the whining kite. V)f to strenf^theii, make exceeding siroiig. y\V to leave, forsake, dismiss. 2. toleave, commit. 3. with O followins:, to for- sake, fiiil from. 4. to let go, let loose. 5. *jl2iy market places, warehouses. |5ty to surround with a fence. 2. i^pTJ? Chald. a riiii;. Der. husk. ">Ty to help, aid, assist. 2. 'T^TV a lift, a platform to stand on. 3. Ti^fjf -i settle, inbeuchius;, casement ^if to move, remove, cast away with qnicknoss, to hurry away. 2. with ^i^ followiutr, to rush violently upon, i, with 3 following, to fly upon with insults. *. a pea for writinsj. 6. SS*!' rapacious birds. ^?^2I7 see ^V counsel. Ti^Sy to throw over, wrap. H-w^ wrapt up. muffled. nDp!2 a robe, an upper garment. 2 with rj to cover, 3. to overspread, cover. ■*■. to wrap over. ]l3y in. pi. in re^. *i*^y the bowels. I^'JJ? to obscure, cover, cloa-:, bide. msay^ mufflers, 'i. to be obscured, covered, overwiiehne'l. •^- to be weik. fiiint, dull, lifeless. □''S'.Sy iveak. faint. ^'Cy to encompass, surround. 2. may nttay a circle, till*-! of gold. ^*0i; to sneeze. TW^'^V sneezings. ""y fee rrj? a rniu. ^*J^ see f)y» (ircd. Vyj to confine, fetter. 2. C*D3y orna- mental fetters. "^^y to trouMe, dislurh, agitate. "^y see nVjr kSj? Chald. oer. 2. Chald. :,n occasion. '■hv to itammer, stutter. nby to asceiLd, mount npward-!, be cv- aUed, eIev.Hred, praised up. -^ high. eiHlied, the biah one. I^^V' nVyra an Bstent. nV'7jrtD steps, stair*, degrees, tji-*iks iine.s, «. nb^y. rhy mb^ » burnt-otfering. Chald. p^y bnrnt offer- ings. 3. ♦by a pestle. 4. n»^y an upper apartment. 5. Y'^^ upi'f', highest, supreme. 6. n*by upper, siipt-. rior. 7. a leaf, a twig. 8. r.7J-T\ a trench, canal, watercourse, i'. biy ;i joke. 10, biy oppression, injustice, iniquity, insolence, sirroganct. 11. ^y" the rock or wild goat. 12. b»yD an upper garment, a surtout. 13. to nurse, suckle, a little one, a suckling. 14. by as a particle^ upon, above, of, coiiceiii- ing, on account of, for ihe sake of, beiore a V. therefore, because, against, over, beyond, more than, besides, at, near to, unto, towards, according to, b), with, together with, ror, instead of. 15. with » prefixed '^yo from, from upon, near, by, against, from above, nioie than, because, on account of, above. 16. TnV'O upwards, above, forwardsi 17. 7y"tt from above, above, with *7 following, upon. 18. hSj/oSd from. above, upwards. 19. Chald, to enter, go, come in. b^j; t.> a.scend repeatedly. to come up. CbSyo performances. 7':;?nn to e.valt, eminprrlly rnise one. self. S»by a crucible ""h^V a child, a little one. 'bVyn imaginations. Chald, to enter, go, come in. Der. hill, Lat. aitus, Eng. aliilnde, French haut. ny to exult, move, leap for joy. \hy exnltinii. -2. '-o flourisJi, thrive, vegetate. Der. to glister. tfl7y dusk, thickened, obscurity. □ by to hide, conceal. D*»37yi dark designers, dissemblers. TCbyn some- what hidden, secret. 2. concealed (time) an age or dispensation. 3. a youth. T^.ty^y a damsel, a maid, a virgin state. 4. to sport, wanton as in youth. Dby to move quickly. exiUt, leap. 1. to lie fluttered. 3. to exult, moTe, exult- ingly. yby to swallow, swallow down. 2. Chald. a rib. ^y to cover over, wrap. Hfibyra covered over, overlaid. 2. to swoon, faint. HEBREW LKXTCOX. 45 n::; =!^y. Y'^V *o exalt, leap for joy. M* by t-xultvMioH, triumph. 2. to thrive, vege- late, flourish. p7j to adhere, stick close. nby see nSj? D]/ to collect, gather together. 3. a people, a$ a partiUe with. logether with, in, against, as, like us, before, in the presence of, near to, as long as, to^'ether wiih, with an Infin- v. when. 2. CJ^O from, from with, with, un'o. before, in ihe presence of. *. DV joined with niT denotes tlie colktted force of tlie wind. 5. r\^V hear to, over against 6. n'Cy a atighboiir. 7. Chuld. to obscnre, make dim. 0^)J C.^i^kl. to hide, con- ceal. K*DOJ? peoples; *1.oy, to coniinue, subsist. 1. to siand. Bland siill, stay, remove. *70j;0 a stand- ing, attendance, station. 2. to remain , alive, coniinue. 3. with D and a v. infin. , following, to stand siill from, slop, st.iy. 4. ^ to sustain, support. 5. a pillar, or column. C. as a pari icZe, HOj; ia my standing 'or subsisting. bOi^ to toil, l.ibor, travail, affective labor, wtarisomeness. DOy to lift, bt'ar, hold np. 2. with b following, to bear for. 3. with 7^ foi- lowinj to lift upon. ^^D1Dy laden, loaded. p^'J to be deep, retire deep (into the deserts). 2. a deep vale or valley. 3. to be deep, profoand. TDy to press (into a narroiv ccnjpass). 1. to gather (into sheaves.), a sheaf. 2, an ^ Omer, about eix pints. 3. with 3 following, to oppress. 4. Chald.wool. f2y to lade or Ipad.j, . ^^ , ai>' a srape, •, .... , , .,„.^,^ _, . iyj delight, pleasntf, joy, 1., tq joy, re- -, joice. 2. to be voluptuous, d'tlicate, Der. j^.Eng. honey. , ■. *f3J)' to bind, bind round. Der. to wind. Old Eng- to wend, Lai. ventns. tV.y to act upon, effect. 2. to lie with (a w(»mau\ .3 to reply, answer (in singinp). 4. M^yO a rcliirii, in ploughing, a furrow. 5. yy the eye. 6. |'y reflected light, color, appearance. 7. yy a fouritain or spring. 8. p» the vociferator or o?- tritch. Job. xxxix. 15. n;y» 713 the daughter of vociferation, the osuich. 9. IV becaus", even i>ecause, because that. 10. IVdS before a n. because of, for the s^.ke of, before a w. thai, there- fore, to that end, so that, 50 as. Ji. to afflict, oppress, depress, humble. I-V humble, lowjy, poor in spirit- uamb. xii. S. Ps. xxii. 27. HlDy humiiify, Pn.v. xv. .S3. Ps. xlv. b. \iif a cloud, y.^y a cloud monger, an augur. V^y care, travail, application. f)'y to shoot, a shoot, bough, branch. P-V to encompass, surround. CpiJ? mp.y a chain. C. to surround (with pride). 3. to surround wiih gifts. Z*yj to mulct, fln«. H'y Chald. time, opportunity. nry to tread down, trample on. CDJ? D*Dy wine. 1i;y to roar, roar out. f]y to vibrate, flutter. 1. to flitter, fty, lly away 1. to fliitter, fly away. 2. to flut- ter, applied to a Cherub, Ps. xviii. 11. &c. 3. spoken of light. ^Syn vibration. 4 P]*y panting, paloitatioa. 5. Child. foliage or small branches. .f)5y to fly swiftly, to brandish, vjbrile. ^Z}IL}} the eye lids. 2. *3y5y vibrato.'-y rays. Der. hop, huff. KSj; a leaf or twig. /Sy to be elevated, raised np. 2. a painful swelling, emcrod, pile. 3. to be proud, arrogant, presumptuous. "ISy tf. reduce to p.nvder or dust. 1. Tinsi; dnst. 2, nn&iy, n-)3j; lead, s, a young stag or antelope. ^yy Libour, travail. 1. to work, elaborate 2. to grieve, afllict, concern. 3, Q'3yy an idol, image. nyy tocutc'lf. nyyo an axe, hatchet. njfi; to fix, make firm, steady. 2. ^y a tree. P»3fy billet?, timber. 3. T^ltV the backbone. 4. HVy counsel, see p?' Syy to be slothful, idle, loiter CSy strength, substance, firmness. 1. to be strong, mighty, powerful. 2. snb- 46 HEBREW LEXICON. 21V \LIV «taiice, body, malter. 3. a bone. 4. to shut close. "Ity to restrain, detain, atop, 2. to retain, hold, possess. 3. witb 3 foilowine to checlf»authority or magistracy. 4. T\'^i^ a solemn assembly. 5' nVSJ a solenm feast day. yi)) to confine, straiten, compress, press, squeeze. HpJ? compression, oppression.' 2. a battlement. Der. oak. 3j5J/ the end, exiremity. 2. the end, event, consequence. 3. -Ai ipartlcle becHuse, in as mucb as, because of, the conse- quence of. 4. the extremity, sole or berl. 6. to heelj lay hold on the heel. 6. to retard. 7. to supplant, trip up. 8. lo supplant, defraud, decei-e. *i;5J^ to l>ind. bind about. 2. ring streaked, marked with rings. 3. the shearing house. SpJ^ to;be crooked, perverted. vpSpJ^ very crooked. Der.Gr.AX>cayjj Eng. ankle. 'Ij?))' Arab, to cutoff, lop. I. to lop. 3. to raise, level. 3. to bough, hamstring. 4. to render (chariots) useless. 5. Chald- to be cut or lopped off. 6. a culling, a branch cut-off, i. barren, unfruitful, a dry tree. 8. the stump of a tree. Vpi? to pervert, distort. JlWpy perverse- ness. *)y to raise, lift up oneself, or be raised. C. to raise, rouse, stir up. 5. to stir np.t.v- cite. 4. to arise. 5. to rouse.6. an enemy, one roused. 7. an exciter, a master. 8. ■>*y astir, bustle, commotion. 9. "J-y, a ci-ty. 10. I*;?, D^Ty a young ass. U. ■»V0 exerlion, displny. 12. "ll^ blind. 13. n^Jlf Chald. a watcher. 14. "IV chaff or small dust. ")iy to raise re- peatedly, to raise up, rouse, excite. y^';f 10 ipix, mingle, a mi\ed multitude. * rabble, nnny ihe mixers.the light, and the spirits which mingled, cousiitnte the heavens. 2. from mid-day to night, Ih.' minglinc! time. 3. 3iyD the evening or wtstera part of the heavens. 4. a crow or raven. 6. a bprcies of will w. 6. t!ie wi)«>f, the intermingling threads. 1. ^'^'^'J 'he wildernes-. r)e.sert. 8 to mix, engage in tr«de. ^nsy merchants. myO a muket. 0. to mix. join, pledge, engage, mortgigc, a surety, bondsman. ntjf,n3-\y. pniy a pledge, security. 10. Vj)f my to mix v\x\\. 11. lo suit, be agreiOJe. mix readily wilb. 7 3"»J^ to be agreeable to. T\Tf to stretch out, extend. 2, to desire eagerly, long after. -ny. nnj/ Chald. Kmj the wild as«. Tny to bear, uncover, strip. m~>y naked- ness. rT*'iy naked. 2. to empty, pour I out or forih. '3. lo empty, pour out (as sap), green herbs. m^lS a meadow, "ly* a matsta. 4. "ij?* an honeycomb. 5. "ly, -i^y. rm^y, rnV' nny nie skin. 6. to pour furtb, empty out, make bear. 7. myo a cave. "I'ly to strip, make quite bear. ♦"^^HJ destitute, to empty out. "lyny to be entirely poiirtd forth, slript, de.stitute, a blasted tree. niy to set in order, array, dispose. nStyo an ordering, row. ♦DI^D dispositions, arrangements. iljedj toriK, pDiy 3. the plane tree. 4. QT»y active, subtle, wise, prudent. -- Diy to kncnd. ♦HDiy, ♦nO^y masses of" kneaded dough, paste. f^iy to distil, fall down in drops. S. ♦fi^^y defliixions. light flowing from the sun to the eaith. not in atoms 3. to batter down. *. the neck, fihe hinder part). 5. to decollate, break tbencck. Viy to a-^itate, shake violently. 2. to terrify, shake, agitate. Y"iy3 to be feared, revered, awful. Y^iy terror, terril.lo place. \'*'^'^^ dread. ft^y giKiwinp, coroding (pains./ Vf^V a couch, a mat, mattress. lyy to consume, de»tro». 1. s moth, a moth worm. 2. the blight, blightinc, blasting, corrosive air. Viyy to be consumed, consume, waste away. DW an herb. TWV to make, form, fashion, nt*yJ2 a HEBREW LEXICON. 47 -.3D;; ns work. 2. to do, perform, act. T\V}f^ an actioa, deed, fact. 3. to form, lutu. rnt*yo produce. 4. to prepare. 3. to prepare, dress. 6. to prepare, diess, offer. 7- to prepare, ortlaiii, constituie. 8. to keep, observe, celebrate. 9. to dress, trim. 10. to acquire. Htt'i/O substance. .11. to form (as an army). 12. to ordain, appoint, constitute. 13 • to cousecrate, dedicate. J*, to deal witb. 15. to deal with, do for. 16. to inflict. tfy to smoke. 0. to fume (ra^e.) Der. Eag. weasatid. Wy to press, oppress, rush upon. Q. to oppress, violence, extorlion, 3. to con- tend, strive, struggle, strife- Vy to be orbecoiue rich- e. to tenth or tithe. "^^V^ tithe. p">tt^y a tenth. S, •^♦tt*y a musical iiislrumeut of tea strings. WV to shine, glossiness, 2. Pnncy splendor, gaiety. 3, S r\V}f to shine upon. 4. Chald. to think, design. TC'i; see among the plunliierais, one, unity. y, DTiy. mnj? time, opportunity. 9. as a particle, at this time, now, now then, now therefore. r.nj?0 from this time, henceforth. 3. Tiy to incline, see niy Der. Lat. eetas, Eng. eternal. ny to prepare, make ready. TPy pre- pared. 2. a ram, or he goat (fn!l grown). 3ny ill niph. to be bnrnt np. sny to remove, withdraw. 2. to trans- cribe, copy out. 2. to remove «ut, .sink, be sunk. 4. to distort, retort, ttiin hack, 5. perverse, distorted, (words,^ 6. to con- tinue, lasting , durable. 7- p*"y ancient, Chald. iny to expand, dilate, diffuse. 9, hiph, to diffose (vapour, biagj. 3. mni/ diffufion, expansion. 4. to expand, open. 5. S iny totxpand, open to. Der. Gr. 'Tcc^p, Eug. water. Lat. uter, 5*apy thick dirt, used for a load of useless, defiling s^old and silver. 'wH^y see py. 2. voluptuonsuess. ?!K^V a scape goat. i?3*y sef TV. e. eagle or Lite. "I^tfly a bat. [kaay a mouse. tt>»n2y a spider. 31V3y the asp. inpy the scorpion. 2. a whipjor rod* armed with points or thorns. lyy see nn^ ruins, a blasted Iree. p-?-iy ge« any. 3. the plane tree. ^i)"»j/ from 'Tii; to flow down. Ssit thick darisuess or a thick vapor. \Td'y one, unity, the foundation number. nnniyy taking a round as flocks in feeding. 2. Ashturcjth, a Pmlisiiue and Sidoniau idol loathe moon pr lunar orb. nifS, ns*5. ♦HKa a side, or extremity. 2. KS here, this place. 3. K13 K wh-re here, in tins place. N1S» now, at this tune. ^S*3 to adorn, decorate, beautify. 2. a bunnet, ti'.ira, liead dress. 3, mKS. n-.i^S, 'nnxa a bough or branch, to bough, (to go over and beat the boughs). 4. to glorify, n^ike glorious. niKiin glory, honour. ll-iKS beauty, shining. Dtr. fair, French parer, ling, parade. jl3 to Ki;!, faint. 2. to fail, cease, intermit. r\'^^Q cessation, int^iissiun. 3, 'Jfl the liist young tigs. DeA fag, S^a ID pollute, defile. 'TUS polluted, defiled. yja to meet, meet with, light upon. 2. ymo a mark. 3. to intercede, with 4. y'JSlJ an interposer, defender. 6. to meet, reach unto, d- to jueet with, light upon. nJ3 to faint, be relaxed, tired. 2. a dead inactive carcase. Der. a badger. U^JD to meet. 19 TS destractiun, calamity. T^l^ to separate, sever. mS a separation, oivisioii. 2. to separate, deliver, save. 3. to redeem, deliver from. THfl re- demption, ransom. 4. pfl Padan. 5, TS see *73. calamity. p3 see mfl 4. separated. yiD 'o deliver. mS the fat. nS a mouth, in reg. *3' 2. *3 the month I command, older. 3. '3 the mouth, opening, capacity, measure, ♦£) Sy 48 HRBRKW LEXICON. n^D no3 according to the (measure of). "'3^ arcordin? to ditto. ♦33 so that, ♦a^ 1WX accordiiii* as. *. naChere. hither. nSOl nS oil tilis side and on that. 5. 130 oil this side. 6. "JSN where. nV3»!) severe or mimy edges. Der. Cr. V"'''^, p^^i l-nt. fatna. Eiig< fame. "tS see n3 Ihis side. 79 to lie consolidJVted. sfreiigthened. 2. p«re gold, [from its ?rtat solidity]. TlB great exertion. Der. fast. *)t3 to disperse, dissipiite, scatter. 2. to brealc in pieces. Der. Lat. si)jri;o. nS to spread out, dilate. 1. a tl;in p!it»e- 2. a nt-t or siiare [spread out]. n3> nn3i rnS a governor, viceroy, deputy, president. "jnS the penis, or yard. 2. to be agitated, pant, palpitate. .^. to tremble, sliake for fear, fear, trembling, tremor. mn3 fear, reverence. triD to overflow. □"TnlQ extravagant, dis. Boliite, licentious, mina extrav.igaricies. debaucheries. Der. Lat. fusuui. Gn3 see HSD 6. live coals, "ins CLald. a potter. TiDD a pit. a foss. 2. rr\nb the corrosion of the leprosy. Der. pit, Lat. puteus, French puits.a well. IDa the topaz, or chrysolite. ■tii'3 to open. 2. to open. 3. to let go. set free, dismiis, *. a*T^£l Bet free, freed, discharged. raS. iy*tS3 a hammer, 2. 'tt^'lflS Chald tnrbands, tiaras. ♦B see nS here, hither. D*£) to be or grow fat. "^5 to run out, be ditfused. 2. "|"1& a mineral substance supposed to be sty- Mum, ner. Gr. ?'>'<''? Lat and Eug. fusus, whence fucated. Kb3 niph. to be extraordinary wonderful. aVa to divide, dis»ever. 2. to divide. apportion. n\jbB divisions, iiorlions. 3. a fctrcam. *• Chald. to divide, distribute, Lai*'. "TTB a scytbe. nbB "t to separate, divide, distins;Mi«h. '-; ♦^Sb a particular, diMinct, ccrtnin pcniou or place. 3. "^IB a btan. 4. rhstn intercession, interposition, medi talion. 7^& to adjudicate, pronounce or execute jud;^uunl, to dtsliu^uijh circiiui^iaiices, judge. Hith. inlticed* mediate. n*?!) to cleave, cut, split, a slice, a mil stone. 2. hiph. to cleave, stiljt off. Chuld. to serve or worship. TPtB si-rvict Der. Flake. French plaque, Gr. n'^'«> Lat. fjx, a sickle. D B to escape. 2. to escape bede'i^cr«d Hd^B escape, delivfrance. 3. to bring .forth. Der. to fiif. "pb a statf, slick. 2. a staff, distaff. 3. a district, tract, region. Der. Lat. lulcio 13 ,B to make level, even, smooth. 2. t( weigh exactly, a balance beam. 3. t< weiiiii niinully, l)alauce, contrive. * to ponder, consider. I^SB to tremble. T^VbB tremor, terror. n^SsC) a shaker, trembler. tybB to roll oneself. 2. 'C'Sbd involutions, convolutions, Q3 Chald. a nmutb, aperture. ii^ some delicate spice, gum or ointment, bahamum. njB to turn away, avert 2. .K DiB to turn too, look at, respect. 3. ihe cor- ner or angle of an altar, Scc. TWbl lowers [at the corners]. 4. n*-Btht sur- face, faces, aspects. 5. "^BS before, in the presence. 6. O'JB within, inner, see DJB. 7. to advert, to propose, pio- vitle. 8. to turn this way and that, lest, lest perhaps, fur fear that. 9. |Bt* a wheel. 10. *:»Bn rolled cakes. D»>J3 niajjueis. loadstones or pearls. C3jB. D*D3B inner, the interior jiart. p3B hiph. to make or educate delicately Der. banquet. DB to diminish. D*Dt) imall shreds, stripes. 2. HrB a small parcel « r quaniily. 3. a piece, n part, Chald. 4. DBM see VM sole of the foot. Der. piece, Greek 'na.aaut and Kng. patch. 3r& to divide, dissect. HJrB a broken rid;j;e. 2. to divide, diatiDguish, view, consider distinctly. nrB with Sy foUowlnfj, to pass or leap ovir. 2. the passover. 3. to leap over. HEBREW LEXICON 49 -13 pnD or upon. *. to bop, Uop about (as birds). 5. hoppiii;. halt, limpin?, lame. D& to hew, chip, cut, a carved imajre. i5?3 t,6w.:ii, puff up, blow. 2. n^'SK a viper. 3. VDX ;i puff of breath, or wiud. J?3 to work, operate, prepare, contrive, a work, atchieveinent, device, aUo hire, (for work;. Der. Lat. pelio, French polir, Lng. polish. 3J?3 to smite altcrintely. 1. an anvil. 'J. the foot. 3. 'CyS wheels, or the felloes of wheels. 4. a time, turn, or stroke, repea'ed, now, now. DySS- CV33 as 'ime, by time, or at other times, a Ti^JTS jutting corners, (stri- kers). 6. ^"yS a bell. 7. to move, agitate. 8. in hiph. and iiiph. to be agitated or disturbed 1J(*3 to ?app, opeu wide 2. Peor an idol. Der. Lat. porus. En?, pore. 1*3 to let loose, open. 2. to set free, deliver. I^SS, hij-h to he open, burst open, fiveii. n5f3 to break forth wtih a loud noise' crash. 2. vociferate. ?y3 to peeJ, take off the bark. 3*3 to break, or burst open. 1^*3 to wound, hurt. 1*3 to press hard, urge. 2. to be impor- tunate, 3. to be stubborn. 4. nn'3f3 a file. Der. Lat. pressi, Ena;, press. 33 to toUer, stagger, stumble. 2. to come or brin? forth, see j333. Der. to pitch, Lat. peccare. Jp3 to take notice of, attend to, respect. *. to visit', mpS a visiiati(in. 3, to review, muster, reckon, 4. lo look for, miss. 5. to appoint, charge, give In trust. 1*)53 an overseer, officer. mpS oversight, superintendence. P'^pS) a depos't- 6. with 3 following, to com- mit, to deposite. ^p3 to open. ;i53, nyp3 the coloqulntidas or bitter gourd. 2. Q-ypB artificial knobs in the shape of wnd gourds. ^3 to break, burst, iive. 2. mi3 a wine press or vat. > n3X ashes or dust from fire. -t. hiph. to break, dissolve, dissipate. 5. Ti3 Chald. a lot. T^a to H break, divide, eulirtly. "^TiS a pot or keitle. n313 to break, dissolve utterly. K"\3 lo run wild, the wild ass. Der. ferus- *T19 to divide, separate- 2. ri'iViS grains of corn. 3. a mule. Der. part. Lat. paruo, Gr. -ro-apJoj Eng. a pard. n"i3 to bear fruit, be fruitful. 2. '"^S fruit, produce, effect. 3. a heifer. "»3 a young bull. 4. p-nSK a nuptial <;r bridal bed, or palanquin. Der. Gr. f'f^ Lat. fero, Eng. fertile. 113 to disperse, scatter. 2. ^T'^S joined with "l33 or "1*^ an open village or town. rrtn3 vil;ages. pn3 villages, open country. Der. Lat. spargo, Eug. asperse, disperse. n"l3 to bud, sprout, flourish. 2. r\in"l3 a flower garden. 3. to break out, ger minate. i. m35< a young bird. FimS to break out, youth, puberty. tOi3 Syr- to cut or break off. 1. a bunch of grapes broken off. 2. to sing, chaant, quaver. "^"13 violence, force, cruelly. 2. n3">a the inner vail. Der. tierce, French percer, Lat. ferox. C313 to rend, rip at the seams. Der* from. D13 to part, break in pieces. 2. in hiph. to part, divide into two. 3. a species of eagle, the ossifraga. 4. Cbald. to divide, separate. 6. 013- ^'DIS- K'DlS, HNDns a Persian. yi3 to set free, loose, disengage. 2. to free, e.'cerapt. 3. to free. 4. strip, make naked. 6. to break loose, start aside. 6. to discard, reject. ■". to keepilearof, 8. the hair gro.ving 1 ose. JT'ylD locks of hair growing thus free. Der. fro. Lat. frango, Eug. frank. ^■^3 to break down, a breach. *5M3D breaches, ciaiigy rocks. 2. to break through as enein es. 3 to break, burst forth with violence npon. 4. to break, burst forih a-, waters. 5. to break forth from the womb. f>. hitb. to bieak away, break loose, i. to break forth, spread, abn.-dd. o. with 2 fulKnviut;. press, nrijc, force, importune. Der. press. |5^3 to break, break oft; rcnil asunder. I 2. a parting of a road, or wav. 3. to I rescue by force, snatcb. 4. rpiSD the bO HE BREW LEXICON. ^ns r3i»* vertebrae of the neck. 5. Cluld, to break off, cease from. Der. break, Lat. frac t;ire, Eng. a fork. t*"»3 to spread, stretch out. '^ynSO apread- 1 i'4s forth, expansions. C. to stretch, reach out (to). 3. to spread, difJuse. ♦, to explicate, explain, expound. 5. rjy'ia an exposition, declaration. 6. to spread abroad, scatter, disperse. 7. the teeth of a threshing wheel, 8. a rider. 9 excrement. Htt'S) to spread, be diffused. 2. to spread. 3. to expatiate, range. 4. t^B excess, exuberant sallieg. 5. spreading* out (of wood). Dtr. push, Lat. fusum, Etig. fish. r;\y3 to tear in pieces, t:V3 to divest, strip off. 2. to strip off the skin, flay- .3. to strip off. spoil, pil. lage. 4. to rush forth, strip of covert. Der. Lat. vestor. yVS to pass, go forward, march. 2. nirt£^3r2 the butiock. 3. with Sy to pass over, trespass, a transgressor. Der. pass. paf9 to distend, open Prov. xiii. .3. •na^lJ to e.2 flax, iinen. '"IS to part, dispart, divide. 2 the but- ti»cks« the share. 3. nV"1& fiat platee of gold. 4. nD3 honey dropping from the combs. 5. n33 a tract of land, see n^l. 1. nnS to divide minutely. Der. a bit, French petit, Eng. petty. xnS sudden, hasty, precipitate. 2. dxriS suddenly, straightway. in!) to draw aside, withdraw. 2. to en- tice, seduce. 3. to entice, persuade. *. a*n5 persuasible, simplicity, n"l*nS •impUcities, allurements. 5. nri3_ 'ns Kn9 Cliald. to be broad, dilated. nna to open, loose, a door way. nPDD a key. 2. to open, open itself. 3. to draw, uusheath. 4. to loose, nngiid, unbind. 5. t«> open, furrow, harrow. 6. to open, engrave, 7 to open, utter, declare. 8. to come, bring, tet forth. Der. Gr. wtraw, Lat. pateo, Eng. a pntli. Sn5 to twist, wieath, intwine. a 7*na a wreath, a bracelet. 3. S»ni> rhiead twist, twine. 4. 7ri3D twi.sied about, craf- tjr. *7n7ri5 exceedingly twisting. |n3 to stir, move, disturb. 1. a specie, of serpent, the asp, 2. |r!3D tbe tbreihold (of a door). y^3 a moment, instant; "^^3 to expound, interpret. VJ73 a concubine, an inferior wife. *il073 a certain one. ♦J 73 see nSa 2. a certain. nn:DE) a psaltery, a musical instroroent with strings. njyS Paaneah, (secrets). '^^■)3 Parbar, (the outer part). O'i')^ Paradise, an orchard, garden, en. closed plantation. Der. Paradise. 7na Chald. iron. «^ynB a nea. ]W)-i^ ']W^^ a copy or declaration, 1^*13 evacuation. ni^VlB excrement. 7iy*l£) to spread ont, expand. Cn 9 a prince, a noble. OHr\Q jgg ^^p 2. persuasive. ^^^ a piece oMineat cut otf. CJni) a piece, declaration, decree. 7»m3 a swathe for the breast. piyPS a copy, exemplar. N3f see KV" cxrremeiit /i*5f t.< shade, over shadow. I^y to be fruiifui. abundant. 1. sheep, tlocks of 8h»ep. 2. mixed flocks of sheep and goats. pNV Z;ianan, fertility. I^TI Arab, to incline, bend, turn. 1. "l^^^^ th^ neck. I^y the neck, see *1» 7 3. »3ll3f the neck, see lY P. **^y to assenibic, meet together. 2. lo assemble (as soldiers). 3. the host (of heaven). 4. D'KIV' niNnV antelopea. 5. Chald. to will, dt-sire. ''Hif will, pur- pose. *3VD> iT^VOD acoirdiug to hit . "ill, ati he wouUl. n35ft> swell, grow forged 2. aV (be tortoise. 3. 2Tf fhe covering or lilt of a waggon. 4 >3y elation, pride, glory, majesty. 5. "ia5f, niSY, D»D», the antelope. t033f to reach, hold, or, perhaps, be iicaped up V^y to foim longith lines or eiioket. 1. HEBREW LEXICON, 51 Hi? n»y J-ayX, n'iysy.y a finr^ror toe, C. to uieak or stripe. 3. yyt <>r ^^27 the h>a?;ia. *. Codld. lo »ei, inoisttn, imbue. *^2y 5o rolicct, gather togetber. beap up. C*"»2y heaps. Der. to jabber. riy to take hold, LqIcI light. a*n'2'i handsfiils K*7y n ejiher, is it true? or is it d<^signedl) ? r.-'Y ">» the side. 2. nVi. H^^^": a defile, a stron? hold. •?, to lie in wait, watch on i.'ie side of "lie rt*iy lyiii? in wait. C*"J2f in'!idi')iis, w.itc'if!il eneuiies. 4- Xo come or .nte'dl sideways fnpon g'm»^) "I'if a catcbiiis or i-ikm? of prer. Dn»3f hMtiters. PTlfO h toil, nr-t. TY P-TY TVTt victuals, provision, ''•ft: to huut, frequently, continually. pis j'jsT, justice, ri?hcon5ness. 2. to he jnst, of faU wei»iit, to make just, just- ify, pny ajiistirter, a justified peison. Der. Lat. judex, Ens. judicious. Sry to thine, glare, be resplendent, 'z yfl'ow. 7n3f to cause to shine. ?lisfer. 2 to neigh, ninny's neighinss. 3. to shout. Der. French joii. tng. jolly. "I-V to be cirar, transj^areiit. 1. either ^ reflector, or a lamp. C. Cir,3f the noon. 3. I'S' oil. 4. v. to labor -.it noon. n^y to command, order, orUdin. 'If a pre- cept, command. n^2f to cry aloud, Bhonf. r^n^f. rimi; a cry, crying out. npiX to be white, clear, to jhiue, 2. to be white, pale. 3. P.y clear drying wind. 4. SyyT^"^ things clear or plain. 5. ni^O. i^^'l1fO the buiuan forehead. 6. rWlSfO cbinin^ plntes vf met^l. D^DSf -the itnooth Bhiuing suuimit of a ro*ck. nn*ny a sUuiin^ parched conntrv. P^»nnir»hiiiiii2 raclcysmnmils. mr.3f~V violent intense heals or droughts. Der. Lat. SICCUS, fcjig. sicciiy. excicc^tJ. Y^ Ciiald. to corrupt. T^rl a stench, stink, Der. stain. pHY to laugh. V. to sport. 3. to make tport, lauiiuler. Der. Lat. jocur, Eiig- j«>ke. jocular. iny brijriu, *iii«lii2. a wlrte color. *V dr>iu»«, df<;uj;bt. rt^ 4ti<«uclit. 3. 1^!^ dry, part-nen ground. 3. E^*"if inhabitants of thv« wilderness. 4. D**V ravenous birds. 5. 'V, Q'^t* 0'i>' a decked ship, or vessel to carrj j:ood? dry. ^jf shade, uvershndow shelter. J. to overshadow. nSirS a shady place or valley. 2. nS")^ a spread or extent of M-ater. 3. to ring, tingle, sound. 4. T^SiC bells, probably caparisons, warlik*' ;rap- pings. 5. Cn'ryO cymbals, '"^^'i to be overshadowed, overflowed,o\ erwhelra- ed, to sound, qnaver, tremble. *?i Va to overshadovp exceediugly, the locnsl. ^*"7!k72f kind of cymbals, a hut or bi-iotb. ^^'^ Chald. to pray, supplicate. '■^^y lo roast, toast, bake. SlSjf a baked .ciike. HTV fo pass on, advance, so forward. 9. ^if nSif to come upon; 3. to proceed £0 forward, prosper. 4. wilh t t«> he protiublc, good for. 5. to pn^ner, thrive. 6. Chald. to prosptr. '7. rfnjf' rAn'Pa a pan, astewpan. qS:^ a picture, portrait, statne. ' i an image, delineation, a dumbratiou 3. a mere image, a phantasm. 4. IT^Tt a shadow of death. ybjf, n3?7A' a rib. 2. a side, or lateral ex- tremity. 3. Cybv s des or leives, 4. a side room. 5. HT'^y boards lining the side of a room. 6. to lean, sidle, hatt, a slipping aside, a haUing Der. to sUok. Cy to fast, be empty of. DlS a fast, fasting, nny empliiitss, tliirst. 2 IV-Y a vail, a-cy a slarveliug. a laeagre V, 1 etch. .S*':y t'> thirst. p4*^y dry thirsty land. let to couple, ?. apair, a couple. 3. aa acre, couple, or voice. ♦. to couple, join, fasten. 5', T'CV a bracelet. 6. in hipb. wiih 7 following, to be joined to. 7. in hiph. to conple, jbm, connect. ir:!? 10 sprine, 5pr<>''t. produce. 2. to grow, 3 to snrin? up, arise. p*:y D'|5"'f 'M-y. 2. C'}>^f:y bunches of r.iisiiis. Der. jinoke. -i>:y wool. « n--?:y the tup shoot of the txikif. Der. uuejir. r^y to cut off, destroy, co&ftaine. JVTCy HEBREW LEXICON, pV n!f cut aff, destroy entirely, as a nounT^CIf softif^what entirely cut olf. Der. smite. rt OMV, thorn, prickles. 2. fi'lj^ goad?. 3. n^V m3X a Isrge Kind of shield or Iar5:et. 4. tlie piercing cold. 6. p*!f see ** 2. 6, n3V sheep. \i^, Q'J*i* very sharp pointed thorns or darts. T\^'Xi)i an urn or pot. niX to throw, or jump off. 2. to drive downwards. Qit. ni»55f hard, dry. yiV modest, humble, meek. ftW to tnru, bowl. 2. nQjlP t«} circu in- volve, roll, wrap round. P)*3X a tur- j532f, I5»35f a dungeon. Der. fcnug. 'i:y,">"^i!fau aqueduct. *'^"^2^ waterspouts. ly* to step, walk, go forwards, a step. ■nytD steps. mj?'.f a stepping, march- ing. 3. mjIXK a chain. 4. nnyJf a chain. nyx to spread, stretch out. 3. V*!^* a bed or mattress, a bed chamber. 3. to spread out one's mattress. *. to strew, or thro'v down. 5. stretched out, pros- uaie. D'y^y* to spread all over. 'yt to be moved, shaken. P].y fj'y.^ a kind of vail. pj?y to cry out exclaim, npy* cry, cla. mor, vociferation. £. to convoke, call together. "ly.*' smallness, meanness, little. "l^V^f little, small, young, my'i littleness, AOUth. liiV to adhere, stick close. Der spot. nSV to overspread, overlay. ^ISi* a cover- Jnij. 9. nSV a covering or shell. 3. f]M, a'Bi5f an honeycomb. 4. to over- spread, ©(.erflow. 5, to overspread, float upon. 6. to spread (the sight), see, snr- v,^y. f^VSS to look cautiously, ciicuuj- fpectiy; to chirp, peep, twitter. r.2y. nna^ a pitcher, jar. rn|3:f or rn*3*.f a pitcher cake. 7£V to hide, conceal. \\^'i the holy of holies, vault of heaven. V. winkiug.of eyes. 3. to hide, lay up. Y^-;^ hidden trensures, jjtores. 4. pBT* the northern part, north. 6. pav. Syn Baal Zepbon. f. fliSif see ruyD secrets. ySJt. ♦:ySV. "JlJ^S^f the basilisk. 2. mj/SX issue. 3. -yisy dun?, excrement. Der. Lat. spno. Eiig. to spew. "lB":f to move quickly, rush hastily. 2. n3:f niSy, n»-"132f a bird. 3. n*5X aji he goat. 4. 'ilBlf the nails. 5. pSJf.a sharp point, spike, or nail. 6. iT^'Si' mSJf to push or hurry along, 7. n"i*SV mK3n a crown of glory. Der. a spar- row, Lat. spiro, Gr. Zcfi/p; Eug. zephyr. ^5f to break, burst forth. 1. to flower, blossom, bloom, "^""i, D'sX. 2 to iradiaie, emit splendor. 3. ^*!f a flower (emblem of divine lishl). 4. Y*";f plumage, feathers, wings. 5. r\T)ia flower like tassel or tnft. C. nT)t> U^HT bluom, efflorescence (hair of the head). p2f to compress, straiten, Hpllf com- pression, conipressure. p"l2^D siraitness, ftV^t compressed, firm hard. 2. »pXD ynX the compressors of the earth, i. e. the columns of the celestial fluid. .1. to lay or set down, 4. with *? followinsr to press upon, distress. I315f> HpS np^XD distress. 5. to press out, utter with paif, and difficulty, Der. to slick. 7p2f' ppV a s rip or small ha;{. "lif to bind up, narrow, strait, 'i, "Jiy-'i- nm5fO a strong hold or /ortress. 3. mV condensation. 4- >> rock, or flint. 5. a sharp stone or fliut. 6. ^tlY the hard- ness (of a swoid). 7. 1^^ llie neck. 8. iNiy, nNiy the vertebral boms of the neck. 9. ♦3'^l2f ditto from the firmness , 10. "^*2f a firm compacted form. 11. lo enclose, environ, beset, besiesre. 'l'>5fO a siege, blockade. 12. to straiten, op- preis, distress. 13. D*'^!? girding pains in travail. 14. "TV a hiuye. 15. "^-Jf an ambassador, agent. Id. D*vy com- pressors. 17. mi";f a form, see "^V*. 1, IB, ♦nV balm, see under nny *113P to bind up, confine clo.sely, to bind closely, compress closely. ">'"iV a stone, a grain, a piece of solid matter compressed hard by the expansion, to besiege, beleague, blockade closely, to distress, afflict exceedingly, a severe persecutor. Der. French serrer. Lat, and Eng. miser, nLenc*: iiiiiery. HEHPvEvy LEvSCOX, 53 un? 3"S 10 biini, scDrca. nnS a burning, ail uidsmiiuriati. nny. nt a sum, resin. T'\'^'!i t(j cry -.iluad. roar out. 2. a hollow l>lHce, vault, cavern. 'y\'S iiecesfciiy. Wdut, occasion. y^^, yny u leper. .2. nj?n» the wasp, fir liornct. ^"^y to melt, r»!iue. Pp'iO a cupel. 2. to reiiiie. \n\\\fy, prove, try. niD^V the shadow of death, darkness. ■injif- n-nr.::? pipes, t„bes. yi-irS. frogs. p K|5 to vomit, spue out. Hip, Vp. 2. HKp ttie pelican. 2Kp Ciiald. 10 arise. nip to curse execrate. 2. 3p. HSp, . Sp' see npj. '3p to receive, accept, take. ri7'3pD ;i. to undertake. 3. as a particle, before, in the presence of, with the consent. b2p7 according to. .SlpT because of, by reason of. 4. Chald according/y- ^3p ^D with a!l respect to. >?2p to press, down, depress. 1. V^ip an helmet. 2. "y2p the lees of wine. 3. to oppress, afflict, defraud. Y^p to gather together, collect. *y*2p collections, companies. 2. to gather iu, withdraw. 13p to bury, inter. T^'^2p z grave, .sepul- chre. Der. Gr. ■'if'-^Ttr-u Eng. grave, Gothic grab, erabboii. •7p' nip cassia. 2. "'p^'p ibe skull. 3. to bow, bow down. T\'p to kindle, sparkle, shine. 2. rmp a burning inflammation. 3. mpH a spark- liisg, glittering. mp precedency, priority, antiquity. 1. to be, come, go before, itiUicipate, antiquity, priority, anciently, '2^-^p ancient, pre- dectssor. 2. to come btfore, into the presence of, to meet. 3. the east. 4. Chald. nriTp'S before, at before. 5. Chald, before, in the presence of. iTp to be durk, obscure, black, mip darkness, obscurity. 2. to grieve, mourn, mourning. Der. Lat. cedrus, En?, cedar. ^Ip to separate, set apart. ' 2. to set apart, select. 3. to set apart, separate, sanctify, consecrate, sjnciitied, hoy, boiintss. w'*7pD ite sanctuary, the hoiy place. 4. t'lpD ditto, lor idolatrous purposes, to cojisecrale for idolalr-.iiS purposes. 5. t'*7p> rWlp a p.^ostituic male or female. 6. tt'np' j^V^np Lo!y, a holy one. ^rip to be bhint. 2. to be blunt, set on edge. 7rip to collect, assemble, an assemfily, cougregatio'i. nt'mp'i assemblies, n^np an assembler. n'ip to stretch, stretch out, tend. 1. towards, n-'^p* see "pV 2, ^D matter expanded, rrp-^ thread, yarn, ~^pr\ a thread. 3. niph. to be made to tei;d, itiud. nip's a ditch, pond, lake, reservoir. np see np^ a prison. lip to ioaliie, natiseatf, a loathing, disgust, {i. Chald. IS'p sec w'p summer. Utflp hiph, lo be Ciceeciingiy disgusted. Dtr. q>i:KX, full to loatLiiig, Gr. ><:■"; grmijrt;. 3-p to cut, cut olt; dtslroction. *'■'-? to kill, slay, slaughter. 2. Cbuld. to kill, slay. Der. cattle. yep to be small, little. c]L;p to crop, pluck olf. T-p to fume. *.t3*p, "ila'p smoke, vapt,r. I miipra a censor. 2. Chald. to binQ» ! buiu together. 'TiCp ligatures, liuea- i ments. 3. ^*'^-p knots, ditliculties. j IS-p Chald. the summer. PT ste pp- I n^p to be light^allevialed, 2. SpO. niSp^a I a iigiit rod or start". 3. to be light, nim- j ble, swift. 4. Sip.bp. r^'p, r,lbp voice* ' Sound. 5. to be light,easy. 6. to be light, tritting, unimportant. ■;. vile, to belijjht, contemptible, p*?? vileness, ignominy. 8. to roast, parch, fry. ♦^P parched corn, c;. riTpD a parching feverish heat. /*7p to become exceeding vile, to curse. .I'^/p malediction, to smooth, polish, burnish. 7p7p exceedingly li|;ht, to move very lightly, swiftly, to furbish by rabbing' swiftly, rr^p a cauldron, kettle, 12^P to contract. I2"'7p contracted. 2. H HEBREW LEXICON. C2D^ \SJpO contraction, retreat, refuge, re- tirement. tr7(5 to deride, mock, scoff, sport. V^ a siin?. D'^/p sliiigers. 2. a cur- lain. •}. two lerives of a double wicket. i. to lioUow, scoop out. ny'rp'^ en- !l ravines. Vbp, pw^*?!? the tine or spike of a fork. Dp to arise, bland up, be established. I. rise, arise, ru^j? a rising np. 2. in Kal. with Si*, Sj; or S to rise up actainsf. 3. to standi, remain. HOp, noip, njjip stature. n^OpiS a standing, station, as a n. Q'^p* that whicij snbsistetli, substance. iT^'^pn a standing, power to stand. 4. to rise, grow up. nCp .standing corn. 5. to grow consist. eat, thicken, stiffen. D^p to rise up. rvtSOp uprightnesses. *0?:ipn insur- gents, adveisaries. Der. Gr. J^o/^n Lat. coma, Eng. a caml>. nr:p meal, flour. i^y^^i to lay hold on, arrest. *7Qp to wiihtr, fade. Der. qualm, calm. ^^p to grasp a handful. \y;2p, C'ICp, U'IC'p a species of tfiistle or nettle, ^p to lament. waiS. nj*p. ni^p- CJ'p lamentation, pp to lament, wail, bewail. Nip to eat into, c.irrode. l. to bum, be fervent. r\li}p zenl. '2. envy, indignation, jealousy. 3. Chald. to buy. M3p to hold, coniaiii. I. a hollow pipe or tube, a stalk of com, a pipe, lamp. a reed, a hollow hone, the beam of a balance. 2. \p a nest, room, cabin, or mansion. 3. ^p a casque or helmet. 4. to hold, possess, get, acquire. .IJpD n!pD possession, purcliasc. b. r^yp lamentation, see |p. pp to build, m«ke a nest, ueslle. 2. \yp possession, pro. perty. Dip. \^121p< ^Wp cinnamon. Der. Gr KmciiJMi/.ov Lat. ciiinamonium. Eng. cinnamon. V3p' ^2rpJ auares. tp, DDp to cut. or pluck off. DDp to divine, presage, prognosticate. D*ODp rewards of divination, sagacity penetrali .n. Der. Dutch ghissen, Eug guess. n^p an iukhorn. Vp to impress a mark, stiijmntise. ypi'p a marking, stigniati2ing. Der. Fieutt coing. Ene. coin. •^yp, a-^Vp, n-syp a dish, chargfr. ^P seeF]pJ a circuit. Nap to be condensed, coagulated. pKSp condensation, thickness, gloominess. Der to coop. r ■^Sp to hasten, C. "I&p' TSp an hedgehog. Tap' nSp a serpent, the darter. V^P to contract, shut up, restrain. 2. to •'kip, bound, leap. Der. to skip. VP to fret, lacerate, wound. 1. yip. D^Vp a^yp a thorn. 2. in hiph. to harrass, vex. 3. to fret, be frttied, wounded. a^rp to cut equally, exactly. 2. to shear. Uer. to chop. •^^fp to make an extremity. 1. to cut off. 2. to cut shoit. curtail, it. in hiph. to scrape. 4. ^ pOVp extremity, .no "lyp ends, extremiiifs. ^*:^y•p. T'iTp tx- "eme. outermost. 5. y:tp a captatn, a commander. 6. a cutting off. 7. niv^p the locks, the ends of the hair. 8. Tp the summer, see yp' c. YTtp t„ cut off, cut through and tliiougU or in pieces. nvp a kind of plant, the giib or nlgelhi. |yp see r,^p b. a captain. yvp to cut or scrape olf the surface. 2. myjfpra plants ^,r hatchets. 3. piypD yvps. jn)?vpD „,e .ern.inaiion, ex- tiemiiy or end. 4 r\"iy»Vp ci.ssia. f)yp to fonm forth. 2. to foam with anger. ")2fp to cut short, curtail 2- to reap, mow, iiuit-s lopping. Dtr. castrate. pp P"p3 a hole, hollow place. 2. )Vt>»p a goutd. ' "^ ' *^p to spring up, gnsh out. 11p^ a spring or fountain, s. nip emanations, juices. K">p lo meet.. 2, to occur, happen, hfM\^ S. a partridge. ♦. to call. 5. with S to call, Invite. 6. to call, cry out, proclaim, 7. with 7 to c»ll, give a name fo. 3. to pionounce. 9. to read. Der. to cry. 31p to approacb, come near to, p"»p an ({RBREW lEXlCON. KJi'P \l;k^ oblation, offering. 2. 3"np nearly rela- ted. 3. with 3 following, to make nearly •alike. 4. with -'J following, to approach, advance against, assault, attack. 5. the inmost part of a thing, that which is nearest to i 1st If. n^p to meet, light upon. •\p a meeting, justling. '^p au opposition. 2. to occur, befal, happen. mpO an occurrence, e»en. 3. to coiutamte, frame, or fit together, mip, nl'^p a beam, rafter, nip a roof. mpD a conjignation, fabric, building. 4. n«p. mTp the flat wall of a house, or side of an altar. 5. *Tip th*- threads of z spider's web. 6. n*"ip> n»''p a city or great town- Hnp K">*p Kn»"lp a city, town, Chald, l. 1p, mp. rr\p cold, the celestial fluid in a gross, condensed, compucieil state, of enterii g the snialitr pores, and by its extern.il pressure, reiidorinji the light within them more dense. Tir\p^ a cooling, '^p'^p to dash against ench other violently. 'lp'!p'3 a violent meet- in?, a burly burly. mp to be entirely smooth. 1. congealing cold, ice. 2. chrysial. 3. to make the head imooth. bald, Der. crystal. BSp to superinduce, bring over, cover over with. Der. Lat. cremor, Kng. cream- pp to shoot forth diffuse. 1. to irradiate, emit rays of light. 2. a boiiia'J"^p, n'2lp- .1. 'V ri'ii^p elephants teeth, ivory. 4. Chald. a horn. K:np, \^^'^p. K»;'np also a cornet. Der. Greek K-;c'.v.o; Lat. coriui, Eng. a horn. t'*^P to bend, stoop. 2. a hook, tache, clasp. Der. French crochu, Eiig. crouch. jnp to rend, rent. C^y^p pieces, rents, r;i?s. Der. to crack. Eng. crevice. ^"^p to move, agitate. 2. to move, wink, or twinkle. 3. agitation, the breeze or gHd fly. 4. to be moved, agitated, knead- Ht. 5. Chald. accusations. Vp to contract, fasten, a boar^ or plank coinpatted.Oer. Lat. crasuis, Eng. crass, . French graisse. ^p to collect one tiy one. 2, stubble Vw'p to pick lip, collect. Cp\:ip see nrp Nw'p a cflctrtnker 2*i£'p to hearken, attend, listen, listening with attention. 'I^P to be stiff, rigid, toagh, stnbborn. ^^p stnbborness. 2, rfiVp broad, shal- low vessels of beaten metal. S. TWpD curled wreathed hair. 4. a cutuniber garden. Vp''i^p T^^'i^Vp the scales of a fish. D^rpCp the scales of a coat of mail. Der. I/at. tascos, Eng. cheese. ntyp to stiffen, harden, to treat bardiy, cruelly. arp truth, integrity, pnrity. niO'tt'p a lamb or sheep. Der. Lat. caslue, Ln;,'. chaste. *lt'P to bind, bind about, a band, a head- band. 2. the stronger kind of sbtep 3. to band together, conspire, a conspi- racy, confederacy. nU'p a ()uw to shoot with. 2. lite raia bow |'*?p*p vile, shameful, vomit- Cin'p Chald. a harp. m^P a hatciiet or axe. >D'^p the soles of the teet. yp'^P a pavement or floor, i. e, an ex- teuaed surface. nm to see. look, look at. *K"\ appeafaDC*", aspect. rVNT seemly of g«.wd aspect. nK"^"3 aspect, look, vision. 2. lo under- ttaiid, perceive, experience. 3. *N"l a mirror, looking glass. 4. the hawk or vulture. 5. nK1?3 see K"!^ 3. Der. a ray, I/at. radius. DNI to be raised up, exalted, n^Nn h.°h, exalted. 2. CSn. D'Jn, Crcin the wild bull. 3 m-iSn coral. r»n beginning. n^ViTS the first part. first fruits, t^rxn first, ni;tt?K-i n»:r»4sn -.mcestors. 2. \ery poor, low, beginning life, extreme poverty, indigenee. .3. the lieginning. HJVS") first, the foremost. 4- principal, chief, most excellent, t\ VK1 the excellency, chief. 5. the bead. 6. the head, summit, top. 7. the heads of rivers. 8. Q'CN■^ military bands mider heads, 9. a head ruler, director, captain. 10. a su n, head, total. 11. a deadly poi- on, bissop, 12. nC^KnO, ^nVHna a piJ HEBREW LEXICON. ibn n^ low, bolster. 1.3. Tlltt^KIO head dresses, head attires. 2.*\ to strive, contend, contention. .contro- versy. Kin, see nan. *7in to wreathe, intwiiio. 1. T-"! *T'31 a wreath, chain. 2, a*^SnQ tupeslry, carpets. Der. Gr. pwTTTuJ tug. rhapsody. nnn 10 increase, multiply, ap, 31 iniil- titude, number, magnitude, ^abundance, enough, alst> greatness, amplitude, much, many. rT'il'3 increase, multitude, treatness. main increase, progeny. 2. r\"inn iucrtase, increment, interest* 3. to hring up, nourish, make great. 4:. ri31H the locust. 6. great (with his bow a great archer). li"l multiplicity, multitude. Hia"! miriads, tens of thou- sands. □*ri2T two miriads, twenty thousand, or perhaps numerous. 7. Chald* an. man. xnian majesty. «. cnaid. Van ten thousand, rinsi ten thou. Band or geuer,illy, iuuuite or i» - definite number, a multitude. JliSaiD infinite, indefinite numbers. C*3''3n, D-aan ram or showers, anan, ]»2nnn, pnan ChaUI. exceeding great '^an, Kian a myriad, ten thousand. Der. rabbit. ■]n to bake, or fry. van to agitate, actuate, agitation, business, employment, a, to agitate with lust, mix carnally, mix, copulate. 4. I'anK four. □♦nyaiN fourfold, a fourth part. n»ran.r\y'an. n^an^ ♦ynn qnancrs. yan to lle down, Couch, resting place. pan Arab, to tie, bind, a stall. DJn to clod, gather into concretions. Q^a^n clods, lumps. 'into move, be moved, disturbed. in hith. to disturb, disquiet 1. TJnK a small chest or case. ;j. to shake or tremble (as the earth). 4. to sh.ike or tremble (with passions), commotiou, trembling, tfou- Me, fear, anger. HOT a trtmbiint', fear Der. French and Eng. lagc. vil to smite, atrikf, tompress. l. d^bi') distinct st okfB or im pi essious. ii. the ■foot. o»Sri, mSin. nbj->. ♦^jt afoot soldier. nSjnn, nS^nn a fooUny, goinc oa foot. JS. to iiwesUtale, search, sjiy ' out. □"•S:n'3 spies. 4. with a following to caluinnialc, smile with tl'c tongue. Oil to whelm, heap together, i. to over, wheim (withs'oues). 2. DCn a heap, a bulwark of siones :i. H^no a heap of stones. 4. joanx the purpura, purple fish. 5. pn.N, x:irf< Chald. purplc. pn to mutter, murmur. iJIJ a inulterer whisperer. Der. iMeucJi aud ling, jargon. J?JT to still, cjiiiel. *y;n those who are quiet, nyjin*: rest, quiet, 'i to be still, fixed, stiii, rigid #. a rest, pause, stup, iuitant, ill a moment, suddenly. av~i^ by moments, every moment. m^'JIIK a moment, iiiatantly. Der. Cir. ttytujj P'yo;, Lat. rigeo, Eng. rigid. k^jn to meet tuijcther, dssemule, in a tu- multuous niuuner. mn to descend, decline. 2. to subdue. Tn a ruler. 3. with a followijij; to dcsceud upon, rule over, mn lo suuaue euurciy or absolutely, a kind of vail. Tm mn Arab, to shut close, stop up, Hfainn a trance. Der. dream, Lat. doruao, fr. dormir, Eng. dormant. P)"in to follow, ■^. niph. to be followed. 3. to follow, pursue, cha^o. -i. to loiluw as a commanUer. &. to pursue, preasjug with words. 6. to persecute. 7- to follow, affect, endeavour alter. ann to incite, excite, stir up. 2. high spirited, tierce, proud. 3. Rahab auume of Egypt. nnn or m to be irresolute, wavering. tarn a gutter, trough. Der. Old Eng. rathf. rm to be wet, soaked, soaking, drunken, ncss. 2. to be eatuiated, satiated. 3. Chald. aspect, appearance. nin see r\'\ the breath, nn to waste, make lean, famish, lean. 2. nnn the pine or lir tree, 3. HM the cedar. 4. H. nn, «Tn Chald. a secret, Dtr. icezj', Lat. resiiia, Eng. resin. nm to cry cut, shout, shriek, a crying, also a shouting for joy. on to be coiuracttd, »cowl. pn to weigh, try. pH a counsellor. Der. Lat. ratio, Eng. reasini. ' nn motion, a breeze, breath, wind. DWlO i airy, the air. fimn a bieathing. 2. nn , tpacf, d. stance, inteisiice. 3. the .spirit '• or soul of a brute. 4. a spirit of an HEBREW LEXICON 57 SD-" 2r incorporeal substance. 5. n'tl . ri^n"i"> tiie breath or soul of man, al*ja passion or uioUoii of the soul. 6. wiUi n^?-") an evil spirit, 1. tiie spirit, (the holy spirit). 8. ,_nn' nmn respiration, re- freehmeut, respite. 9- r.nn a van for winnoirius; corn. 10. to snuff, siiiflT. stnell. 11. to inspire, breathe iu. 12. Pin an exalation, reek, orsteim of water, whiih being rarefied by lishl or beat, is by the agency of the atr breilhed iu'o the tubes of plants, which it supplies and dilates? conveying into thein, the finest ami most natritive part of the vegetable mould, and thus causing theoi to shoot or bud. Der. to rack. ;m to be dilated, made broad, brnad^ wide, spacious. l3""T 3m extended «n all sides. 2^ ^^"^ dilatation, pride of heart, wifi ">i*33 large, vast, insatiable de?ires. srnO a bioad large place. am. Sim, niaim, ninm a broad place, forum, market place, sireet, square. onn, U'm the rafters, ceiliDgs. ^n*1 a female sheep, a ewe. Dm to embrace, inclose. D*m the lower mill stone. 2. the uterus, matrix, womb, 3. a damsel. 4. a'"2n~l the bowels or intestines. . to move, yearn, pity, to love tenderly, intensely. C.nn pitiful, merciful. a*Cm bowel* of mercy. 6. a species of unclean bird, the vulture. ^m to shake, move, tremulously. Y^n to wtsh, or cleanse the surface with wafer. nVP.T a bath, bathing, washing. 2. to wash, wet. 3. Cbald. with ^V following, to trust to, depend npou. pnn to remove, far, distant, pinno dis- tant. 2. to be dissolved, loose!. Vm to boil, bubble, cast up. 1. rUTmra a stewing or frying pan. 2. to boil, bnbble. nnn s-e nn 9. a van. ^n, 13'^"^ to(renible exceeding'y. 3lO"> to be wef, moist UlflT to dnsb, or be dashed. m soft, tender, delicate. 'V^^ faintness. 1. riDIK sec mK 3. to advance. "131 lo be ' mollified or snppled. IQ'' lo ride. '2. to tos« ?.l.'ou». 3. the rider or upper millstone. 4. Cbald. the J knees. n23"l« ^jT to trade, traffic, merchandise. "JD^ a merchant. P^jID a mart, market. 2, VjT a busy body, a tale bearer, a trader in slander. W^ to bind bard, join, connect. 2, a combination, cunspiracy. 3. DT3*1 J^je rugged lirm part of mountains. t*D~l to earn, acquire by labor or industry. tt^13"1 substance, acquisiti<>n. 2. work- insj ctttle rhorses, asses mules, camels.) Der. French riclie, Eng. rich. m to be lifted up, exalied. elevated. D11 elevation, haughtiness, mm a raised place. n-nO height, high. DOinn 2. niph. or.hiph. to rise up, raise up oneself. 3. hipU. to take otf. away. 4. hipb. to raise, levy. 5. DlT D*Dn, see DKT 2. 6. psn», n'.JOnK a raised building, a turret or tower. O^l to raise, lift on high, exalt, extol very much. niCD^I exaltations, hi^h praises. Uer. room. XC-) see n!l"» 4. to cast, non to cast, project, shoot. 2. to cast, tiirow. 3. to throw, deceive, cheat, fling, H'Dn, n^nrs. nmn, n*mn, injurious deceit. 4. ncn> ^?!;n. Chald. to cast, c. St down. 5. a worm. 6. CIH the pro- jector, Heimei an idol to the material .■spirit or heavens. 7. P'ai the pomegra- nate tree and fruit. 8. ^v:n Rimmon, a S)rian idol. nm a spear, lance, pike. ICT mules bred from mares. ]":1 Rimmon, see nm 7. 8. DDT fo tread, trample. DDiD a treadiog place. tt^OT to move, move along. 2. to move, creep, crawl, a reptile. p to vibrate freely, move to and fro. ^ pK 2 species of pine tree. 3. to move to and fro, exult. 4. to shout, a procla- mation. b. ^I^i* an ark or hollow chest, a chest or coffer for money, a chest or C'uTin for a dead body, the chest or ark, \i~t to vibrate briskly, exult, to wave to and fro I'as trets), the vibiation of light, t<» shont, try, proclaim aloud, triumph. a*3i"l ostriches. Der. rant, Eng. rane. 33n the hare. 58 HEBaEW LEXICON. KT1 p-» Ot to moisten. Q *DDT drops (of water.) P"> to bind with a rope, bind tiglit- a bead stall, a bridle. y^ to break, break off or In pieces. 2. to break, afflict. niyT contrition, affliction, 3. to break, order, evil, wrong, disordered. •^3n, nj^">, l.tvil.a.mischief. S.wickedness. 4. to tireak the air, a loud sound, to clin?, shdutin?, vociferation, n^l'^n shoiifin;;. 5- Hyi* a curtain, see VV 6.yMi Cbalri. seeV1«VV"l.inhith. to break, be broken in pieces. 7. to make a very loud rtpeated noise or shouting, to ring again. Der. rinj;, 3yT to bnn?er, famine. Der. Lat. rabbies, K«?. rabid. "ry"* to tremble, shake. W\ to feed, feed itself. 2. to feed npon. ». t« feed, lead to, supply with food. 0''V1 a shepherd, herdsmen, y^ a shepherd, a pasture. n]?"lO 4. to feed, nourish, take care of, tend' *y"> pastoral ^ cares, feeding, proceeding. 5. to feed, I teach. 6 yn. Myi, D»l?n a messmate- ;' companion, friend, neighbour, myi * r\"iyn afemule coin|)aiiioii.7 . Chaid. to will, desiri*, affect. TWjJ'S will, pleasure. *JVj;*l Chaid. thougiils, cogitations. ^V^ in hiph or huph. 1. to be violently asitated, shaken, auitation, confusion. 2. n^Syi spangles, little thin plates of gold or silver. Der. roll. OV'\ violent commotion, concussion. 1. to be violently moved, disturbed, agitated. 2. the mane of a horse. 3. to thunder. 4. to roar. .]V"l to thrive, flourish, pj?") (o flourish very much, be vigorous. 2. pyn re- freshing (oil). 3. pn Chaid. flourishing, prosperous. Der. Gr. pwyvVjaj fj^l to distil, drop, fall by drops. Der. Lat. rivus. yVT to crush, break by crushing. Der. crush. ^^if^ to tremble, quake, stagger, an earth qnake. C. to leap, bound, a bounding Der. to rush, r.i«.h. KS"! to restore. 2. dead bodies restored to dnst. 3. to bcnl, restore to health, a phvMcian^ a healing. •». to restore, re- build, repair. 5. to restore, invigorate. C. a»K6n Rephaim. 131 to itrew, spread, a carpet. 2. to strew round. nB"> to give way, relax, yield. 2. corn pounded. 3. to relax, slacken. 4. to be dissolved. 5. to remit, let go. 6. to let dtjwn. 7- to be relaxed, slackened, fee- ble. 8. to be slack, remiss, idle. 9, to be slaiik, fail (another.) 10. to be slack, 4tay, forbear. 11. to be slackened, assuaged, appeased. 12. to be assuaged, restored. J3. ?.n appaller who makes others faint. 14. to yield, submit, be still. 15. Tera- pliiiu, i. e. representative. P]ST to yield» give w?y very much, trembler. Der. Or. j piTTCT lat. rumpo, Eng. corrupt. 1 DiJ-l to trample, stamp upon. 2. bitb. t» j tramp, tramp along. I p^"^ advancing towards. ^3"\ to foul, mud, mire- r^S"^ stalls for oxen. ^■^ to run. D'y-l light armed guards. ^yinO a course, njfnn invasion. VTIO a race. 2. to run, drive, force, dr.sh. '3. ^1N the earth, earthly matter, the globe oi e;irth and water, a land, a country, the ground, ym to run here and there *wi(ti\, to run, dash against each other, to dash, break, bruise by collusion. 4. to b(e;ik, crush, greatly oppiess. Der. dr. ycccovj Eug. race. KV1 to run. 2. nvn to be pleased with, accept. nyn to leap, exult. nvn to be pleased with ; will, favor, delight adcclion, f.t'if will, 2. to be pleased with, enjoy, 3. to be pleased with accept kindly. 4. to accept with patience, ac- qiiicse in. 5. to please, conciliate, with QJ? following, to agree, consent with. nsn lo kill, fclay, murder, a nianslajer, a sword, slaughter. V^'1 to pierce through, perforate, bore an awl, a piercer. f]^^ to stiew, spread. 2. a pavement. 3, live coals orembera spread out. P"* to evacuate, emply. 2. worthless, in vain, to no purpose, without cause 3. to draw, draw forth as a sword. 4. to ex- tenuate, attenuate, make thin. 5. as a jjfirticie, only, except, but yet. 6. the bone of the temple. 7. spittle, lee ^T 1. }3»p") a very thin cake, a wafer. Der. wreck, rack, rake. HEBREW LEXICON. 59 3x; -12U 2pT rut, rutteiiness, putrefaction, ■tp"! to leap, skip, bound Der. racket. rip'^ to compose, compound, unguent.a per fumer. DTlpiD perfumes. 2. ia biph to spice, season, a seasoned dish. OpT to be variesaJed, diversified. 1. the variegation, ja leathers, &c. 2. to he ▼arieeafed, brocade, embroidery. 3. to be variegated, divereifled. J?pT to strctcb forth, extend, expand. 2. an expansion. *1T to exceru, ooze, slaver with. V^ to lack, be pour, poverty. 2, acrid poisons. VwT to reauce to extreme poverty. Jm Cliald. to he able, have power, a grant, licence, permission. at"i to make, impress, mark. yV\ unfair scales. 2. to oxercome, over- balance. 3. unjust, injustice, uurigbt- eousness. Pjrn to glow, Qash, 1. a red hot coal. 2. a glowing tire» burning heat. S. flashes of liifhtuing. 4. the glittering flashing arrows of the bow. rrn a net. m. r>m to treoiWe, shake, shudder. nm to boil, bubble. 2. to boil, move like boiling water- cm to hind tie, fasten by binding. 2. Ibe Spanish brnom or genista, pm to swathe, gird round, a girding chain swathes, plates, sheets. ^D•J'^ to be moist, sncculent. ^3T timbers fastened together, a raft V is used in the' same ^sense as "MTJ*^ 3. 1. prefixed to a r. or pronoun, who, which, that, for. because, that when. 2. prefixed to another particle ^^V which btlonss to me. .s. post- fixed to another pai title. n'nCD ac- cording to, tli;it wiiich it was. 4. post- fixed to one particle and pretixed to another. Srn in all that. for. -cStPn on account of whom. V.^'o of those who belon? to »s. CJC3, la^f 3, eee Da and 1^3. 3> to a.'k. interrogate. 2. to ask, de- mand, require. 3. to ask. lonsult. *. to ask. request, beg, crave, rh^V peHfions. mS^B^O 5. to ask, borrow. 6. S^KW the invisible state of the dead, the grave. |KW to be tranquil, quiet, to be tranquil, secure, i. security. contidet;ce. DkC* to spoil, plunder. f]NC? to sup in, swallow up, absorb. «, to inspire, draw in, snuff up. 3. toj;asp, pant, aspire after. Der. to sup, French soupe. 1XB? to remain, be left, a remainder. 2. consanguinity (a remnant of the same flesh). 3. flesh, (the remains after death). 4. leaven, (a remnant of dough left to sour), kneading troughs. Der. share, Gr. S^fl flesh. Eng. share. riKf ;,ee Ktt'3 J8. to lift up SC' to turn. I. to turn, turn back, a backsliding. 2. to return, revert, a re- turning. 3. to render, repay. 4. do again, what the preceding verb expresses. 5- to return, bring, or carry, answers. 6. to turn, be turned, rhanged. 7. to reverie repeal. 8. old age, when all turns siifT. and rigid. 9- TiS't? hoariness, grey, hairs. 10. "i2w ,the Agat, the vafier. 33V to turn, turn backward, fo bring back, cause to return, restore. 3'3C*, Nn'3C^. ]*3»Ztf the flames, steam of blast of hot ignited air returned from the fire. T\1'C to lead, carry away captive. nnc to sooth, assui.ge, calm. 2, to sooth, calm, (an angry spirit;. 3. to sooih. praise. 133\? a rod. a long staff. 2. a sceptre. 3. a tribe. 4. a staflf", ensisn. b. a pen style, reed. 6. a spewr, javtlin. 7. Shebat) the eleventh month, about January.' Der. Gr. cwjxrw Lat. sceptrum, Eug. sceptre. •\yO complication, entanglement. S. sticks crossing each other. ^. compli- cated, net, or checquer work. 4. a Uftice iiO HEBREW LEXICON niJT nnv; window. 6. »D3W Chald. a Sambuke, a kind of harp ?33Ur' to impel, thrust forward. 1. eais of corn. 2. shoots, branches (of an olive tree). S. a cuireut stream of water. 4. the Icii and foot. 5. ♦V^ti^ paths. T^2Vff *^lS2U^ a snail, the path-maker. Der. sbovei. C2Vfy Cl^Di2^> rich embroidered, hand- kerciiiefs. ySV to li '.ve enough, Si-.t'srie^l, plenty. 2. D^nv^^ seven iimes. 3'yn\tf seventy. 3. Q*yaV wi!ekj. 4. sufficiency, sutlicieut security. Dei. Goth. .Sibiin. Eiig. seven. ^2\y to close, iiickjse, straiten. 1. to in. close, set, ouches, sockets. 2. to close* strait, an inclosing. :i. a strait, distress. p'2)if Cliald. to leave, let alone. "I3tt^ to seperate, a breach. tl"i2\i^ des- truction, 2. to break, slack, assiiai;ei quencii. 3. lo break, make contrite, sorrowful. 4. billows, breakers. 5. to break, burst. 6. ilie solntion. interpreta- tion (of a dream). 7. lo break to pieces, ntail. 8. with 2 to break out upon, view, look at. 9. with 7tf or S to break out, towards, look nmo, oral, a looking for, expectation, V2V Chal<(. toimpiicate, entangle, wreathe, perplex, €oiif./und. natt^ to cease, leave off. WV tj expatiate, luxuriate, grow, jn- crease, magnify, celebrate, exhale. K^ity great, ma-iniftcent. 2. mK'Jty devia- tions, expiations. 2iV to lift, elevate, an height, secure place. •"!J1V to luxuriate, ^low, lliri\e. 2. to ex- patiate, run wild, 3. p^aty ;i so„g of wanderings. * to wanucr, err, deviate, mistake. 3. to expatiate, nlve loose to, indulge. iiV u, transgrcs?, err, error, inadvertency. ."JVJtt/ to make to grow continually. na\y to view attentively, to pry. Der. Gr. a-nXayw Lat. salax. ling sailacions. yi)tf to lie carnally, violate, ravish, a wife. V-liy to be distiactL'd, mad, fury. Der. skew. "lily to emit, seiKl, break forili, isBiie> ollspiiiig. Der Islandic, ekarra. Old Eng. skere, a iiiiiltitude. *7ty to .shatter, demolish, destruction, devastation. 2. lime. "IIV to shatter, break all to pieces. 2, to break the clods of ploughed land. S. to demolish^ a destroyer, waster. n*lt^ to pour forth, shtd, 1. a cup bearer. •2. a fitlil, or ground. 3. the pourer forth, the AH Bountiful. 4. the breast. 5. Sld- dim, the pourers forth. 6. an effusion, sprint;, stream. Dl\y a burning up, withering. 2. fields parched, burnt up, fpV to blast, blight. ■^Itt^ ranges, rows of pillars. 2. Chald. to exert, take pains, strive. 3. Chald. "!lin»yK sedition. nty a lamb, or kid. 2. one of the smaller kind of cattle. 3. *My.,urine «ee pV. ^niy a witness, an eye witness. DHty an onyx. "inty round ornaments. ^V vanity, fahehood. 2. a vain idol, a false god, nv»y see 1^ 1. to shed. nitt^ to make plain, level, smooth. 8. to smooth, sooib, compose. 3. to be upon a level, make equal. 4. Chald to be made. 5. to be of equal value, counter- vail, answer. C. to place exactly (oppo- site). 1. to equalize, makeequiponderous, 8. continued equable (prospeiityj. 9. a gift, compensative present. J?"i\y, to open, cry out, vociferate. 2. open, liberal, iiiunilicent. 3. rich, opulent. P]"l\y see f\^ to overwhelm. ^W to view, behold, regard. 2. a present in token of respect, 3. a beeve. *. to look about, take a full survey, insidious e.iemies. 3i«y Chald. to rescue, set free, deliver P\\Vf to look, glance at. 2. to shine upon. iVtV to twist together, twine. nV to incline, stoop, liow, be humbled. 2. a shnfb, a rtwaif tree. 3. to couch, crouch, lie down, 4. to incline, tend downwards. 5. to be brought low, faint- ing. (). a pit, a bole. 7. to be deep in tlionglit, niedit,\lioii. 8. nnttf a swim, to bow, stoop, bend very much, proj. trate oneself. J~l»"1nniyn prnstratiou. nn\y to i)iedi'.;iCf,rell«ct deeply. HEBREW LEXICON. 61 y^ r^^w ]T\Vf ic make a present, bribes* a gift. inV to swim. intf to shed, drain off, blood shedding. 2. to dj dill, squeeze, , press. 3. to drain, (gold from its dross), refine. n^P a black or dark lion. 2. the onyx an odorileroiis sbtU. n» the elepbajiiiasis, a kmd of leprosy. Der. lilandic, skiin. Eng. shine. >nV to spring up, corn springing up the third yearof its own accord. ')^-Vf a consumption, atrophy. 2. the sea gul!. 2. P)*nU^ either slender, or covered (with wood) . *i^W lofty, haughty, height. ?r\Vf to conflict, collide, beat, grind to pie- ces. 2. the air or conflicting ethers. 3. to conflict, contend, fight, skirmish. 4. to dance, sport, laugh, deride, a laughing stock. Der. to shake, French choqiier- Eng. shock. ins^ to be dark coloured, swarthy. 2. me dawn, grey, gloom, dusk (of the morning). 3. the dawn, dawning. 4. to morning), (rise early), b. to morning, to seek (early). 6. to do a thing betimes (early), 7- the river Nile, the dark rivet. Der. Eng. swart, Lat. scurus, obscurus, nnV to corrupt, spoil, mar, a destroying hot wind. 2. to be spoiled, marred, corruption. Der. scalb. ^l^V to decline, go, turn aside. 2. to go to and fro. 3. a whip or scourge, 4. to row. an onr. 5. the Shittah or shittim tree. fi. HiOVn n"*3 the t^fciple of de- clination or of the declinator, i. e. to the heavens as causing the declinatiou or ob- liqne circle of the earth. tO'-tOU' to go to and fro repeatedly, a whip or scourge. Der. Fng to scud. ntfl\£? to spread abroad, etretcb, expand. Der. a stick. Dlfltt^ to bear malice against, hate. notC^O implacable malice, spite. [6D«^ to oppose, an adversary, an opposite accusatioa. 2. the accuser, opposer, Satan. P)'J\S^ to immerge, wash by immersion. 2. to overflow, overwhelm, an inundation. 3. to overflow, rush over, anoveiflowing. Der. to steep. IISV 8a inferior magistrate, a sheriff. llfiU^ Ch4!d. a side or part. Der. Eng. matter, Ltt. ma^ister. ♦ly see r^^^ 9. and 7^t^ 2. yvf urine, pis;. itt^ to stop, assuage, check. 2. to stop, assuage, appease. 3. ]*3tt^ a check stop, restraint, -i. to stop, stop up, ob- struct. 5. to fence, hedge, sharp stakes, thorns. 6, to slake, fix with stakes. pVf to assuage enlirrly, to fence thoroughly. Der- to check. 32U^ to he, lie down, a bed. 2. to rest, be at quiet. '3. to lie down (m ibt grave) Der. squab. nD6^ resemblances, pictures, imagery, sculp- ture. 2. the imagiuati' n, or conception. naC^ to forget. 3, Chald. to find. /^tt? to be wise, prudent, behave wisely. 2. to waste, destroy, a spoiling. 3 to deprive, bereave, a berea.uig. 4. Sott^K. nSjtt^K a cluster of grapes. 5 to suffer abortion, miscarry. 6. to cast its (fruit). T. to blight. 8. Sojltt^n to consider attentively, understanding. b'?2\y Chald, to finish, complete. n3\y to be ready, forward, alert, diligent. 2. the shoulder, forwaroly, eiigerly. 3. a district, portion, the shoulder bone or blade. p\2^ tc dwell, an inhabitant, habitation* tent tabernacle. -. to rest, reiuaiu, continue. 3. ^♦aV a knife, see yif 3. Der. Gr. l>i'iyyi^ Lat. scena, Eng. scene. *1257 to satisfy, thirst, be cheered. 2, to be drunk, intoxicated, a drunkard. 3. to satisfy, hire, reward, hire, wages. "ilVJ'K a corapensalive, present. ■ ^ to loose, loosen. 2. to let loose, let go. 3, to loosen, c;ist (its fruit.) 4. to dissolve. 5. loose flowing skirts. 6. looseness, licentious freedura. 7. IkeQti- ous speech Chald. 8. 1*?tt^ negligence see n^iy 3. *7bV to loose, strip off entirely, to strip off spoil, plunder, prey. Der. 6r. GV'ka.M^ Lat. solvo, Eng. solution. sSb^ to be pat in order, answer. 3. TStC'D answering, corresponding. 3, C'^^V parallel ledges. Der. a shtlf. j ibV inow, Der, sleek. nSty to be quiet, easy, secure, ibttf, ♦Sttf, V7\y quiet, secure. C. to be tasy, carf 62 HEBREW LEXICON. ZDV7 1»«7 less, ncgtigeut. 3. neg'ig«oce, neglect, fail, CJjald. 4 T'VV a young female child, quiet. 5. n>V Sliiloh, the giver of peac«. 6. .^"'tJ^t a^lStt^ the guail. Der. Lat. salus, Eiig. salme. nbtt^ to send fcr'h. "lit or away. JnnbltfD a seuding, a dismission. '^. t> send, shoot forth, (as arrows), a dart, javelin. 3, to employ. 4. to stretch (orto (the fiagerorhaiid). 6. DT.itt* gifts, pieseuts (sffit). 6. to emit, shaot'lorth (as a tree;. "rh^ branches, in reg. "nnbttf. 7. yhvf a table. Der. Gr. o-TfAXw to send. ting, apostle. t27U^ to be over, or before. 1. D'Obv shields, 2. to rule, have domioion. tO^^tf^ a ruler, governor. fitaSt^ imperious. paStt^ power. S. Cbald. with 3 or ^y following to have rule or power. l3»Sty a ruler, Der. shield. "|7ty to ca»t, cast down, or away. JTlsbty a felling, 2. the cataract or pluugeon (a sea fowl). 3. let go (gently.) 4. to let fall, cast (ns a tree} its leaves or flowers. OlVf to make whole, entire, complete. I. to make perfect, complele. tlnish. 2. to make np or good. TdW recom- pence, retribution. 3. to make up, (a di/ference). DlStt^ peace. rKconciU- ment 4. a peaceoflfering. 5. r\th\lf an outer garment, a complete covering. <;. rflm^ Shulaniite, from salcm. *1^^ t(f draw out (as a sword). 2. to draw, or pluck off ^Vf, ♦tt^Sw, n*U>»'5U^ a third. 2. to third, divide iulo three pans. 3. to treble. ^SvfO Irippled 4- W'Ptyo, wVtt^D three year* old. thn-e etoriet. 5. ^^hvf, MfbV a tierce, two and a half pallons. 6. O^VbV three- Biringed iusirtimenls. 7. ty'^tt', \t*'W. V^^V acommandcr. Kt-'eial, third man Uum the kiri!.'. 8. C^^b^ rulrs. dircc- tion». -J. C^bV, aitt»^tp a lhir:l time. OV to place, set, put. nailt'n a idacing. 2. tu place. giv«. 3. to constitute, make. 4. with 3 following, to lay on. imput« to. 5. to set in array. 6. O'Vf to lay up, atic d to, consider. 1. a name, fame 8. the n-iiiie. 9- there, thither. 10 D»C«tf th- heavens, the disposers, pla- cers. a»Otfn »cr the heaven of heavens or wiioit i,fihe iiiaieri;.! heavfhs. li. the heavens, used tiguratirely for God, •lie glory of God. 12- Q»OW a species of onions, 13. to unite waste or deso- late. riDtt?, mcU' desolation. IK to be astounded, aiiiazed, coniounded. r\T:^ amazement, asionishinent. DOV to place with great regularity. J^^ODtt^ tLe spidtr, to be exceedingly desolate. HOOW des(dati.;n, veryt^rtat, to Oc exceem ,i,iy amazed. pODtJ> great astonishment. T:ty to destroy, abolish, dissipate, mieriy Der. Eng. smile. n;:tt? to vibrate b.iskly. nnOty the quick btaiing or palpitation of the heart ^' to vibiate briskly as light. 3. ,0 juuve backward andf>.rward as ihe fl„ni «{ j,,e heavens. 5. to rejoice, exult. Hnci^ joy exnltaiioD. ' JOCtt^ to let go, remit, j. lo let go, iet drop, fall down. 2. to drop, slip, treyi. ble. 3. to be let go, dismissed. 4. re- mit, release. ntfiCV a release. 5. to lei ^ it alone, let it rest, uncuUivaled. "JCV to recline, lie down. n3»?3C^ a rug. 70^ to surround on all sides, to clothe, invulve. 1. n*?OV a garment, vestment, hyke. 2. to liiin to the left hand. |CV 10 abound, robust, strong, plenteous 2. (the fert.lityot the eaitlO. 3, the fat. 4. oil. 6. an olive (tree). 6 HjCW. HilDW eight. n»:iCty eighty. l. r'i»oB^ahun. dant richness. 8. C^^QU'K aiflnent ciiciimslances. V^V to hear, a report, tidings. n;?lCW a jumoiif, report, ryov.o a hearing, proflHn aiion. 8. with 3. S« or S followioK. to hearken, listen to, inind> obey. 3. lo uiideisiaiid you to nuitter, murmur, whisper. "T^tt to keep, t>r. serve, a guard, awAtch- ni in. c. n-iV.JU'N a watch. tliir. see |«^\ 3. Chald. to chauge, be cliauged. \it* (i a latticed window. ":;>t' 10 repeat, do sgaiii. 2, ♦;Uf two fi;t'0 second. 3. ."Utt^. Pitt^, Q^JV, niJU' a year. 4. ♦JC, CJf double dyed. 5. ^r, C*:^' tooth ivory, a point, crag or tootii of arock. 6. to change, alter. 1. Cbald to chaiiee. 8. the renewer. 9 'J**' urine, jee ]♦«?. pC^ to repeat over and over. Hi'-V a bye word, oft repeated^ to whet, sharpen. p3«? whetted, sharp. 4. |:intf n to feel acute pains, 'iV lopird up. IC^y toroo, plunder, pillage. Dei. French Chasser. ^t'ii tu split, cleave, rend. 2. to cleave, a cleft. 3. to rend, cut olf, separate. pv to cut, hew up. Der. to chip, "^y^ to look, turn, regard. 2. with O or ^yt3 foilowius, to turn away, or from, 3. yn\:'n to turn oneself, look about 4. yl'C* tocry aloud, shout, s^eyivy 5. 3<*^'2 6. Chald an hour. jTyU? to turn this way and that, turn to oneself, look every way, 3yV to stamp, or rush. Der, to shoo^ y^ the hollow of the hand, a handfiil. 2. SVfD a hollow, narrow way. 3. SyiC^ the fox or jackall. W to incline, reclin*^, L.to l»e reclined, lean, rest. 2. with /)^ foP.owing, to iean, rely on. ^yVD a staft', prop, support. 3. to lie on. \)l^ to seize, hurry away. D'apC' ex- tatic, hurrying, maddening ihou'ht^. yt^ to stand erect, upright 1. to feir, be afraid. S. the hair. 4 '^-V^ some hairy auinwl, a goat. 5.n*iy\? barley 6. agate. 1. a rough horrible teui[n«t. 8, Q'^*>U*, hasty showers. 9. Dnj?V D'T'^tt^, idol* representiflg temp«»ts, rrinyf hunible vvickedntss, that would nuke tbf huir siand an end. ^|tt^ to cover, overwhelm. p'5V « species of serpent. TMV to dash, crush, break by impulse. I. to be broken, craggy. 2. inlranjit.vely, cn-iij. 3 nat? potted flesh. 4. the lip, speech, lai.'guage, talk, itligious ci-!i- fession, ibf edge or inargiu. 5. HLB^K a quiver. TTilV a dunghill. T^.2Vf to depress, humble, subject. DS^D oppression 2. nnS'vt^ a handmaid, a maid servant. 3. nn&tt^D a family, household. CStfc^ to judge, discern, determine, ?. judge, judgement, puuisUmuit, carder. Der. to shift, "l^t^ to pour out, shed, a pouring out, a slipping. 2. nsSV a man's privy mem- ber. 7£tt^ 1, to humble ontself, he hnmbUd, low. below, deep. 2. H/Stt^ a low plain country. Der. Lat. scepeljo. Eiig. sepulchre. C£*y the upper lip, or mostachios. ^tV hiding places, hid treasures. 2. the jerboa, i*i^ A deluge, an inundation. 2. affluence, abuudance, pStt'to clap, strike, sratie. 2. to sutHce. 1£\y seemliness, beauty. 2. serenity (of the heavens). 3. a trumpet. 4. ">Stt'K a handsome piece. 5. Chald. lo be gucr, ^eemly. right. "^^tV^ goodiv, fair, beau- tiful. ^"^tiV a pavilion or grand tent. KnS"\a\:> Chald. the clear morning ; light. r\ZVf to set, put on. 2. a fire range. 3. U) dispose, place. 4 to dispose, ordaiu. 5. rtalls, divisions, sheepfolds. 6. n^'fcVK a dunghill. 7. ajip*ee*£l?4. *^ySP lililc. small, slsorL piy lo uiove. run. pnsh forward. pVO motion. 2. n sack- 3. " pf\J? a street. 4 the lee. !>. to desire eagerly, run towards. |3plP iorush violently towards. 64 HEBREW LEXICON. T»ttr DW UxWs'ne earnestly, to have eaater appetite. pVfpV U) push forward repeatedly. *1}5V to wake, watch. 2. the almond tree. anjJBfD ahnond shaped. 3. TpW» he flourishes (liKe the almond tree) once used. 21, Job. 32. nplt^ to irrigate, wet, moisten, water, i. to be wet> moist, (with water). 3. to moisten (as marrow does the bones). 4 to give drink to. PptS DinpW a water- ing trough. D^pVD a butler, a cup bearer. ppV to drench with water. Der. Lat. succus, Eng. succulent. tOj3tt^ to be quiet, rest, quietness. Der- . squat. ^ptt^ to weigh. '?pt»n weight. 2. n'Tpt^O a plummet. 3. to weifth money. 4. a shekel silver 2s 3d. gold 36s 6d. 5, to pon- der, weigh mentally, a ponderer, con- siderer. Der. old Eng. to skill. Dptt^ a sycamore tree. ypV to sink, subside (as fire). 2. lo sink (as in water). J?p^D clear. Der. Goitic. Eng, sink . f]'pVf to look, turn towards, front 2. a window. 3. tt^lpiya the fioutisyiecc, upper lintel. Yp\i^ to abominate, abhor, detest, pollute, an abomination, applied to idols, and reptiles. ^ptt' to lie, spesk, act, or deal falsely, a lie, a deceitful word. r\p>tf see r^pvf i. "itt^ to regulate, direct, rn'e. ♦"ll£^ a direc- tor, ruler, chief, commander. "I^'^W « directress, lady, miV princesses. m\ya regulation, govtwimMit. 2. to re«i.late by measure. .1. "^^^ a wall . i. Chald. nitt', H^-^W walls. 5 Chatd. KjnWK walls. 6.1^ the navel sirimj. 7. rVnV gold chains or Mi«;klaces. 8. to sing, utter musicaih. "^"^V a song. HilC sincevR mid Q^ntt^ 9. IV to beh Id a b.eve.rri'irn;; p.e*.-nt -^e-^W lO.n'K'D a saw, see "tt'i II r\~WD a prepara- tion, srn mlf. C:. "I'^V an absolute rule^ rVn'^U? joined with 3/ 'he rnlinf; principle, directions of the htart. "^^V the navel or part «^ to be wreathed, twisted. 2. i*^V the flexible shoots of the vine. *J^V to leave, be left behind, t. to be left, remain. 2, clothes of leaving, the priests cloths. 3. a pencil. n'nW» to be strong, strength. 2. ^Vnc, yi^, a»2ntt^ a coat of mail- 3 nnr a strong javeli'i, spear. 4, T\*^\tf the remainder, see N^V 1. t3")tt^ to scarify, cut or wound, Der. scratch. "y^Vf to twine, wind, bend about. I. y\V the siring of a sj-.ndal. 2. to wind, ciobs, traversf, (as a path). Cnr, r\lDn\^ acqueducts, 31 Jer. 40, or probably. mO'^tt'n fuldg. yiV to stretch out Jfnnm to extnui. P|"1>y lo l»urn, burn up. 2. a gpeiiea of Krpem. S. C^'^'J} seraphs. Y*'^ to prodisce, increase abnudanlly. a, ' a reptile, a creepin" lhiii{;, p'^Vf 10 be yellow, yeilouisb, tawny, .1 2. iTipnV jellowish (.--aw flax). .1. » ij kind of exrellent wine 4- to hiis* . whistle. 5. Kn^pnWD Chald. a pipe, ,j V\V^ to root, lake root, a root 2»r*i'^V,j root work, (of a tapering lorm). 3. to 1! rft; in falph. 4. nitli D (o!l.iwin«, to 1ft alone, set from. 6. r\^V array, dress, from a garment. 6. r\'*Vf a thorn from its stability. 7- r\M\tf settled, fixed, foundation. 8. THVI^ re HEBREW LEXICON. 65 2D an servoir, reservations. 9- the buttock (on which men set). 10. TXf the warp, the standing thread. 11. Cbald. six. ^TW 60. 12. *r.V two'rnw^ toils, weels for catch- ins; fl;h. Der. set, Lat. sitns, Eng. site- nriw* to drir.k. 2. to absorb. 3. Chald- to drink. N*nw?"3 a banquet. TiV to sclt'e (33 a root). 2. to settle (as a people), Der. Greek StvXo;- ^^g. stool, Or.w* to shut, close Clhe eye). 2. to exclnde. \r\t*, yr\T:2f part. blph. see ^V. pn*i^ to be slill, calm. Der. stack, Lat. st:igno, Eng. stagnate. *"' in niph. to be hiddeti. Wn^'^riw' from "iTW a witness. ri*T to ap- I point, and Kn a boundary. piV sec 21V to free. *5f'U* to finish, complete. ]JN ,''if free from labor or grief. n2T\'^'nK explorers spies. 7. '^ and mn a turtle dove. 8 ^^mn oxen, beeves. 9- ""1^ two. nn see nn the pine, nn a large bi<;h piece of timber. 2. a obelisk. 3. the mast of a ship. De» Or. 'S'p^'vo; L^t. throuus, Eng, a thront Vn'n Chald. agate, door. H^^n porter Jinn, B^B^n see nsn aXeraph. Wnn see pluriliterals, Tarshish- Wnn see piuiii'^c.a.o, »yn, U^^n a he Koat kept for breedmg. „U^n,nViyn, nyW nine-'V^^n ninel nn infinitive of \^^ to give. nnn a club. Der. a mattock Kinn a close cloak or mantle, close 1 warmth. nV3''n an armoury or place for hangi II )» pdued weapons. b:;n, Sl::n,*?'i?3nN yesterday Cjast cut o j D'^n a sea dragon, a crocodile. 1 W>r\l^ to expound, exphii:. Der. Targi 1 U^'tt'in a chrysolite or topaz. 2. Tarsi I the second son of Javan, who wa« I fourth son of Japhet. 3. a place TOn to lasicn, j"iii lu^^nnn-.. . Spain (now Cadiz). «^sn to lay hold on, catch, 2. to lay bold ^^j^^^^ a censor, a governor. on (handle). .3. to handle (play on). 4. to ^ ^^^^ Tartals, an Idol of the Avitee. handle, (sfKly, explain). 5. to undertake , I war. to take (in war} . G. to inclose.ovei lay. THE END. A 14 DAY USE RETURN TO DESK FROM WHICH BORROWED LOAN DEPT. This book is due on the last date stamped below, or on the date to which renewed. Renewed books are subject to immediate recall. m '- 9 19G8 r^cc _,i^4j> JUN24 ' e8'lMM KC'DLD DEC 11 72 •- PTj^^ HEBT^ «ftr M. .1-15 ' SEP 71984 1" LD 21 A-45w-9.'G7 (H50t57sl0)476B General Library University of California Berkeley