^ERSITY OF CALIFORNIA ST. LOUIS EXHIBIT THE ROBERT E. COWAN COLLECTION PRKSKNTED TO THE ' UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BY C. P. HUNTINGTON JUNE, 1897. Recession 111 3^^)^&^i^^ THE ORCHID HYBRIDS WHERE THE BIG TREES GROW. Description of the Flora in the Sequoia gigantea Region, from the travel of a botanist in the counties of Amador, Calaveras and Alpine, California. With attached list of about nine hundred species collected from 300 up to 9,000 feet elevation. Frice, 50 cents. WHAT ITS READERS SAY: WALTER DEANE, Cambridge, Mass.: " I read it with much interest and profit. I enjoyed your style, so dif- ferent from most sketches of the sort." THEODORE G. WHITE, New York: " I have taken great pleasure in reading your pamphlet." D. A. WATT, Montreal: " Thanks for the copy of your most interesting brochure." J. B. ELLIS, Newfield, N. Y.: " It is certainly a very interesting account of those vegetable giants." STEWART H. BURNHAM, Stanford University, Gal.: " I must say that I enjoyed reading your booklet very much indeed." H. OBERDIECK, Breslau: " Indeed, your book is in- teresting, and touching the way you report what you have seen." ARTHUR McEwEN's LETTER, San Francisco: "It is one of the most delightful mixtures of sentiment and scholarship that could be written." Exsiccatae of the Sequoia Region. Sets of about nine hundred numbers, collected in the Sierra, as set forth in above pamphlet. The collection is labeled, nu'mbered and classified. For sale as whole sets, or in desiderata of any number. Above pamphlet and check-list with every set. Price, seven dollars per century. Novitates. Described by Prof . Edw. L. Greene: Tri- folium Hanseni, Eriophyllum speciosum, Dodecatheon Hendersonii Hanseni, Delphinium hesperiuin Hanseni. Also, not named yet, one Sidalcea, Clarkia, Mimulus, Cyperus, Solanum. Described by Marshall A. Howe: Fimbriaria nudata. Described by Prof. J. B. Ellis: Dimerosporium echi- natum, Cercospora Hanseni, Phyllosticta amicta. Orders for full sets have been received from Herbier Boissier, Geneve; Bot. Gard., Breslau ; Hofmuseum, Vienna; Kgl. Bot. Museum, Berlin; Bot. Gard., St. Petersburg; Missouri Bot. Garden, St. Louis; Stanford University, Gal.; Kew and British Museum, London. Of those furnished with specimens so far, Dr. Owen Buckland, San Francisco, writes: " They are beautifully preserved and arranged, and you were very liberal in- deed/' Dr. George T. Stevens, New York: "I am delighted with the specimens, and was surprised to see them so fresh and beautiful. I have not been able to preserve specimens with such fresh color." Addenda will be published fall 1895, when the full sets will be made up. THE ORCHID HYBRIDS ENUMERATION AND CLASSIFICATION ALL HYBRIDS OF ORCHIDS PUBLISHED UP TO OCTOBER 15, 1895 BY GEO. HANSEN, Foreman Sierra Foothill Agricultural Experiment Station [Department of Agriculture, University of California], Jackson, Aniador County, Cal. Issued November 15, 1895. DULAU & Co., SOHO SQUARE, LONDON. FRIEDL.ENDER & SOHN, CARLSTRASSE, BERLIN. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1895, by GEO. HANSEN, in the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. Also entered at " Stationers' Hall," London. SAN FRANCISCO: George Spaulding & Co., Printers. 414 Clay Street. DEDICATION. MAXWELL T. MASTERS, M. D.; F. R. S.; F. L. S.; EALING, London. My Dear Sir, Just ten years have passed since the day that you laid your hand upon my shoulder and lead the way to the room where the Scientific Committee of the Royal Horticultural Society in S6uth Kensington met. Just ten years. It is Sunday to-day. I look from my desk over the snowcapped peaks of the Sierras in the direction of the land where you reside. Quietness reigns around me. There is not a soul near but my dear wife under- neath the window, busy trimming dying branches out of her flower bushes. The sun is setting beyond over the Pacific Ocean hundreds of miles away, but still to be recognized from my lofty Alp. I come to you. I hear the bells ring as of yore, when I first caught sight of your fair land. I was coming up the Thames on that Sunday morn after I bid farwell to my native land. Dear Sir, lay again your hand upon my shoulder and press my right with the other as you did when first we met. I breathed the air of this grandest of all churches with its high, azure dome, and still fresh with this air, still reverend with the impression of my mountain home, I come to you with a gift, praying for its accept- ance. See here this book: A list of Orchid Hybrids, com- plete and classified. Do not use the few moments of our meeting with its perusal, but let me say a few words with my gift. My book has two qualities: copiousness 4 DEDICATION. and system. And two reasons exist for my gift: respect and friendship. Accept out of respect the labor part, the gathering of so much material. You are a worker, and your hidden hand as an editor has done more ser- vice to our gardening-world than the thousands of readers of your journal have a full conception of. There is but one " Gardeners' Chronicle " and you are its molder. I do not want to rank my humble work with your achieve- ments; far from it. But I believe it honest enough to be dedicated to you, as a sign of respect and acknowl- edgement out of the wide circle of those who appreciate your service to our profession. The other reason is one of personal character: accept, out of friendship, the dedi- cation of the systematical, the genial part of my work. Its idea, its classification is my own. Whatever its success in the way of reception by outsiders may prove to be, will you take it from me as a sign, an humble proof of my gratefulness for kindnesses extended upon me? Please, do not waive the idea. I have experienced more than once what it is to be cast upon a rugged shore and receive succor from an unlocked for direction. One word of encouragement spoken at the proper time, goes further than riches towards satisfaction in this struggle for existence. Ten years have passed over the land; and vivid like my love for orchids was the remembrance of your kindness. Dear Sir, I thank you for your friendly reply. I do not hear any longer the pealing of your Abbey's bells. There is but one up-train on Sunday and I cannot afford to miss it. I live a lonely life, lonely because I have no occasion to discuss with fellow-thinkers the changes of this life and world. But I live with you and for you, and as a proof of my existence see here this little tribute of leisure hours. Time has wrought its changes DEDICATION. 5 with you since we met last. Take from me the wish that fate may be gentle with you and give you^still many years in enjoyment of your favored pursuits. I? O never mind about me. We human beings have all our share of burdensome times. I have been side-tracked for years; and if my mind has been forced to abandon its flight for a period, let me tell you the glorious truth: I live a happy home life. I had occasion to show my wife a few orchids, and tell her about the rest. She is a soul like the character that dwells in our spectabile ladyslipper. I promised her to take her to your land and show her your treasured orchids. I trust that day will come, and may fate grant that we find you well and hearty. Farewell! Our sun here has set. There is no noise to be heard but the crickets in the grass and the ringing of my cow's bell from the pasture below. My dear wife has left her pansy-bed, and I hear the solemn strains of Chopin's Funeral March, a favored tune of mine. I have to leave my desk and pass the rest of this Sunday in my wife's company. Farewell again from sincerely yours GEO. HANSEN. Jackson, Gal., May 20, 1894. CONTENTS. I. Review of the Accomplished and Inferences for Future Work. II. About the Character of the Flowers of Or- chids. List of People Concerned in the Raising of Orchid Hybrids. References and Abbreviations made use of. Orchids Raised from Seed of their Own Kind. III. Remarks Respecting the Genera and Species Employed in Raising Hybrids. IV. Synonymy, Key and List of Hybrids. I. REVIEW OF THE ACCOMPLISHED AND INFERENCES FOR FUTURE WORK. "AFTER ALL" REASON FOR WRITING THIS BOOK HOW SHOULD WE CLASSIFY ORCHID HYBRIDS? WHAT I DID IN CLASSIFYING WHAT KIND OF NAMES SHOULD WE APPLY TO ORCHID HYBRIDS? A WORD TO THE ORCHID COMMITTEE OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF LONDON A WORD TO THE RAISERS OF ORCHID HYBRIDS A WORD TO THE PATRONS OF ORCHID CULTURE A WORD TO THOSE I AM UNDER OBLIGATION TO. After All. "After all," are the words of the orchid cultivator, when reading the announcement of my list. It has been embarrassing for him to read, hear and be talked to about this, that and the other orchid hybrid, and not as much as an enumeration, not to say classification, was to be had in print of any nation's tongue.* "After all," so sighs the raiser of hybrids, the. man who recognizes the value of an artificially raised orchid. He did not know for certain which crosses had been perfected, and without a guide like my list, he could work in the dark only, and even then despair of light coming to him after years of hard and trying work. "After all," so exclaims the man acquainted with my intention of compiling this list, for already so long * E. Bonhof, Dictionnaire des Orchidees Hybrides, appeared since. 10 ORCHID HYBRIDS. a time that he gave up ever hearing about the realization of my plan, though he had given me in good faith and with pleasure the use of his "record" in the hybrid raising community of orchid growers. " After all." Let me too vociferate thus, and breathe a sigh of relief. I was nothing more or less than one of those hundreds of young enthusiasts, to be found where orchids have a home in the glass-structures of the plant-loving nations. But it was only a short while until I perceived the necessity of keeping track of those t( mules " springing up all around us ever since Dominy and Seden achieved their first successes. The nucleus of my collection of notes on orchid hybrids was formed in the year 1884; just ten years ago this month. Did you not read about the stick of tropic-grown wood washed upon the shores of your Isle of Wight? So with me. I was reared and grew up thousands of miles away from where I landed in this my resting place. Like the stick that you picked up and tried to trace the origin of, so have 1 been tossed about by the gulf-stream of fate, and grew rugged and rough, dancing and floating in the whirl- pools of this life's waters. But hidden under the smooth, indiscernible outside of water-worn bark, I had concealed the marrow of my strength, the value of my life. The sheltering spinal column grew crooked, and the capability of erection is very much impeded, but in this dwarfed state of brain and life I still retain the character of my kind. You can still tell by the grain of your stick where the soil should be found that gave nourishment to its roots. It is but a trifling addition to our knowledge, this my hybrid list. But it is the best I am able to produce under the circumstances. You who knew about my plan, do not call little the effort made by me. I have guarded and nourished carefully and lovingly the iiu- REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 11 cleus of my list through a succession of ten years. I have added and revised; I have stopped and entirely suspended the work begun then, saying to myself over and over again: ere you place this list before the public ten others will be ready likewise. None of them made their appearance. And again I stuck to my plan. A year ago last Xmas, that was the time when you should have had my list on your table of gifts. But the funds to cover the expense of printing (I learned long before this that I had to be my own publisher) they have been taken from me after being for years before my very eyes. Did you, my reader, ever perform work and did not re- ceive the duly earned remuneration? 1 can sing a goodly song of such experience, the refrain of which sounds something like: Such are the ways of the predatory well-to-do. Still, time heals all sores, and once more approached the day when the messenger from my recluse should go forth. But in all of us is yet fresh the remembrance of what the papers love to term " hard times." This course of civilization, this gradu- ally brought about accumulation of conditions and cir- cumstances to rearrange the social positions of millions, to please the trifling fancies of the " upper four-hun- dred," it approached me while my hand clutched the glittering metal saved, saved and saved again to pay for my pet's outfit: and my grip loosened when it came to the question of holding above water the head of the only other one born by those whom I call father and mother. This song has the well-known refrain: Such are the ways of the generous handrto-mouth. (P. S. April 27, 1895. One more year has passed, and it is just one span of twelve months since I, driven by desperation, stood before a son of Sem and asked him to loan me the required funds to carry on the print- 12 ORCHID HYBRIDS. ing of what now, after it seems a decade, will shortly appear before you. A son of Sem. I never knew per- sonally of a generous, unselfish trait of that race to a son of Ham or Japhet. But I had heard from a man whose every word I would endorse and spread as gospel, that this man, a glittering member of the jeunesse doree, was the only representative of all his society companions who could be looked up to as a man of higher principles. To him I went. Not humble; I was not begging. Not proud; I was petitioning. Petitioning for what? For a paltry loan of a few hundred dollars, on interest which would admit breathing under. He knew of me; he knew my salary; he knew what position I held. And I knew that he had the disposal of not hundreds of thou- sands, nay, millions. I went to him, and went from him. Not angry with him; I knew better. Angry at me for having gone against my conviction, my positive opinion of judging of his kind with the right measure. Twelve months have passed. The Gardeners' Chronicle has brought a list of hybrid Cypripediums. Mr. Meas- ures has felt induced to publish a second edition of his list, and now comes the Orchid Review with its first in- stallment of Selenipedia. Twelve months of waiting, of saving, of fearing. Twelve more, and my manu- script would remain where it is. If any of my readers know what it is to have once lived in affluence, and to be reduced to need, if he knows that, conditions a hundred times worse than to have been poor at all times: he better join with me into the most damning curse which ever has been pronounced over riches. The French Revolution of crime and murder may have been nasty to those subjected to the blind folly of an em- bittered mob. But, poor creatures, with all your* terrible -deeds, you can never equal in ten such periods the see- REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 13 ing, the calculated, the premeditated cruelty of the rich reigning over and corrupting amongst us. It is glorious satisfaction to know that a day of reckoning is bound to come ere night settles around us.) Do not mind the spoiling of so much paper through relating of personal grievances. But I have worked with hundreds of my acquaintances in rank and file, and to them I owe an explanation how the quiet scient- ist of their knowledge has developed into a politician after disappearing for so long a time, as if swallowed by an abyss. If I still cling to the plan of this my orchid hybrid list through all these trials, forgive me if I maintain that my effort was not a small one. Reason for Writing this Book. That the interest in orchids is general and on the increase was already manifest ten years ago, and it is more than ever so this very day. I do not like to call this state a sport, a fashion. No, I see in the increase of the interest taken in orchids a higher standard of taste and judgment of the plant-loving world. There are a large number of species of plants from all regions of the globe in cultivation which have quite as peculiar a way of growing as our orchids, though perhaps for them as a genus we claim a more general interest in their oddity, but I have found the most just solution for this problem in the character of the orchid flower. My ideas upon that subject were put into words ten years ago, and as I was then more direct under the influence of observing these plants and their flowers, I do not like to rewrite my words from those days but give at another place in translation what belongs more cor- rectly here. 14 ORCHID HYBRIDS. The advance-guard of the army of orchid hybrids which has been arriving with us in the early sixties, has been followed by a steady increase of their number until now we almost despair of ever getting order into the leadership-lost legions. The Cypripedia-crosses, which have been recorded by me, pass the thousand mark. If I should be told that I come too late with my effort to restore order in this vastness of accumulated material, I feel satisfied such voice must come from a man who has been baffled in the attempt to sift the multitude of varieties for himself. I agree with him that it is a great pity that a weeding out of this bed of plant-names has not taken place before this, but what is this wilderness grown up in the past thirty years to what it will Le only three years hence? We can not take up a journal with- out finding reference made to the hundreds, nay, thou- sands of seedlings growing up in every collection where orchids find a home. Like the cat in ScheffePs Trum- peter from Saekkingen, remarks: Seinen Hausbedarf an Liedern Eeimt ein jeder selbst sich heute so does everybody who devotes a few square yards of glass to orchid culture try to raise his homeconsume of hybrids. It is, therefore, good time yet to come forward with my list, before the period sets in in which we will attribute more praise to the products of home cultiva- tion than to the importing of ever new varieties. If you read in one number of our principal horticul- tural journal that the old, old cross of Cypripedium vernixium has been reraised with no material difference than the use of another variety of the original species, and that its progeny receives the two distinct names of Murillo and Dibdin; and the next week's edition of this very same journal tells us of two more places where this REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 15 same hybrid sprung up, and while the seedlings from the one place are recorded as merely vernixium, the other is given the name of Daviesianum; if you notice this, and are interested in such culture: does it not dawn upon you that it is very high time that some definite plan was devised upon which to depend for naming and classifying the nurselings of our care? It must. And should not every one rejoice and gladly consent if some- body proposes such classification, provided his list is a presentable and acceptable one? I myself do not be- lieve in authority any more than the next, and openly confess to the knowledge of the detriment worked unto science when blindly following the arrangements of an autocrat. But now when the trouble has assumed such threatening proportions, and everybody interested is clamoring "Where are we going?" would it not be best to adhere to some plain system and be ruled by it in future? Do not mind that it is an obscure and uiiheard- of person who proposes a reorganization. The gambling fraternity of the race-course has its stud-book, and swears by its record. Let us dealing with scientific objects unite and stay by a standard of organization, not mind- ing the hurting of the feelings of this or the other just because his seedling's name is not the legitimate one. My list should establish order in the chaos, and the purchaser of it can depend that with every year I will put before him, at a nominal figure, the supplement record of the past season. 16 ORCHID HYBRIDS. How should we Classify Orchid Hybrids? Let us contemplate the possibilities of a single instance to illustrate how we should be guided. Let us take Cypripedium barbatum and insigne, for instance. Do not pay so much attention to the scrupulously scented out varieties of those willing to pay for the naming of such unica only. There is but one variety of barbatum which claims sufficient distinction to exert a determining influence in hybridizing, viz.: Crossii (more righteously named Crossianum). Of Cpd. insigne nothing but the three varieties, Chantinii, Maulei and Sanderse, will dom- inate sufficiently in hybridizing to admit of tracing in their progeny. It will never do for us to allow more than the mere citing of any of those varieties recorded by legion, but recognized only by those who have a personal interest in any of them. We therefore have the following possibilities: barbatum ? X insigne Ashburtonise. . " X insigne ? " var. X " Chantinii, Maulei or Sanderae. " 3 var. " Crossii.. X insigne or any of its 3 var.. " 4 var. Such are the possibilities. But then, how many of them will stand the critical examination of an unbiased judge and pass as sufficiently distinct to deserve varietal rank? Very often the reverse of the original cross will turn out to be identical, and while the possibilities of the above hybrid could be increased ad infinitum by allowing the establishment of varieties according to whichever sexes of the kinds were employed in the progeny, I do not enumerate such chances, as it must REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 17 be left to the committee before which such crosses may be put for a certificate of existence to determine whether or not sufficient character has been obliterated to refer the progeny to varieties already catalogued. The offsprings of an identical cross should not receive different names unless a variety has been used which gave additional and prominent features to the seedling. To apply different names to seedlings originating from the same seed-capsule is an insult to intelligence. Such cases have happened, but should be objected to in the most outspoken manner. I am aware though of the possibility of suppressed characters, of missing links occasionally appearing, in which case their existence should be put before scientists to be properly taken notice of. Such plants should be bought up by botanic gardens to be preserved becoming their kind. [I speak of one case, Cypripedium medea monstrosa Ceres later on]. What I am alluding to in general is such dubbing of bastards as Cpd. Laforcadei and Barteti, the Jolibois annex to nomenclature, the whole rigmarole of Reichen- bach about the set of Warner's hybrids herded under the rubric of Cpd. calophyllum, or Sander's salvation- army-lot of daily-fresh-to-order bastards. If reverse crosses are displaying features entitling them to recognition, accord it to them, but only as vari- eties of the antecedent. If you meet with obscure crosses, be it that the ex- hibitor was not concerned in their origin, or be it that a stray seedling reaches the flowering stage, or be it that the person growing the plant was not of the caring kind: refuse them recognition from the very outset. Compare their description with anything already recorded, and if any ways admissible, order them under such lines. It may happen though that the plant is remarkable for 18 ORCHID HYBRIDS. one point or other, so glaring as to deserve attention: then admit it, christen it, and watch for every plant which may be recorded later on displaying a character similar to the one given thus recognition. In such case, do not grant the newcomer specific rank, but subdue its claim for originality under the title of the one given a previous certificate, the clamor of the originator of the bastard notwithstanding. If a cross has been given the name formed by com- bining the terms of his parents' no matter whether it has been done rightly or wrongly according to botanic usage uphold the name. If Cpd. Javanico-Spicerianum is established, do not try and rechristen it lutescens (what for all I know may have been done unconsciously). Remember that it is the rule of botanists when joining such names, to place the pollen parent first. But though it is more than desirable to adhere to such usage, it is not of such piercing effect as to warrant a rechristening of the material already known as interfering with such rule. Sometimes the reverse is perfectly identical. It can be suggested that we deal with natural hybrids also and unless proven by repetition in actual experiment their parentage, though admittedly the one given in joined name, leaves still room for speculation as to which was the seed-bearing parent. Bigeneric hybrids claim a place of their own. If we recognize Laelia and Cattleya, and join either with any orchid, we must uphold the difference of their progeny and create a new class for each group. Do not admit distinctness in generic rank to the reverse cross, but make his seedlings subservient to the class already estab- lished. This rule should stand even if such characters as the difference in the pollen-masses of Laelia and Cattleya should be entirely obliterated; it should be up- REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 19 held, if for no other reason, for the convenience with which their kind may be picked out and classified. The clearness of our system will be materially inter- fered with as soon as we engage secondary crosses for our operation. How our speculations on the possibili- ties illustrated in the case of Cpd. insigne X barbatum can become fallible, that is obvious to all those in daily contact with the products of cross-fertilization. Such cases are not rare now, and will become more trouble- some frequent the more complete the ranks of our army of hybrids get to be. As soon as secondary hybrids are employed, their off- springs will lose so many of the original characteristics that they never should be allowed to go forward as christened individuals, but should be sunk in names already established, though the fact of their creation and the reasons for their subordination should be chronicled. We have not yet entered the time when we will be bothered with tertiary and quartery hybrids. But when we are, it is then that an orchid committee will be of service, a conditio sine qua non. The most glaring instances, so far as I know, are the crosses of Selenipedium caudatum X longifolium. The first cross of that kind received the name Spd. grande, the variety Roezlii of longifolium having served as one parent. We are made acquainted later on with the Spd. macro- chilum, the result of crossing caudatum Lindenii with longifolium. Of course, we are forced to reduce this cross to varietal rank, the two species having been em- ployed previously. Now comes Mr. Holmes, the culti- vator of the orchid treasures of the late Mr. Geo. Hardy, and introduces to us his Selenipedium Hardyanum. Spd. caudatum and Ainsworthii x were the producers of his plant. The report of the orchid committee of 20 ORCHID HYBRIDS. the Royal Horticultural Society of London (Oct. 18, '92.) states its "great resemblance to macrochilum." The article dealing with the exhibits of the Royal Botanical Show at Manchester, says right out "synonym with Spd. macrochilum" (Gard. Chron., May 27, '93). And, looking at a paragraph (Gard. Chron., Dec. 31, '92), we learn " positively the same as that raised by Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsea." And in the meeting of the R. H. S. of Jan. 17, '93, we have before us Spd. Penelaus raised from crossing caudatum Lindenii with (Ainsworthii) calurum x. What is that but a variety of Hardyanum, and this same Hardyanum is " positively the same as macrochilum." Cases like the foregoing are matters to be decided by an authority, as all the committees called together *' on orchid nomenclature " have been flat failures. I am not in a position to decide those questions, being too far re- moved from the center of orchid cultivation to have a clear insight for final opinion. Those of you who are in such a quandary, apply to Mr. Rolfe, of the Orchid Review, and submit your case. Remember that it is not well possible for your orchid committee to combine all the knowledge required for such specialties in your ranks to guarantee correctness and uniformity for the subjects under question. Taking secondary hybrids in general, do not allow any of those which contain more than three quarters of the blood of one species to figure as named hybrids. Cast them into the lots where their seven-eighths blood be- longs, knowing how immensely variable each and every species is, if you only take the trouble to find it out. If you cross Spd. longifolium with cardinale x you come about as near to Sedenii as need be to shear them over one comb. To name the cross of Calanthe (Sedenii x REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 21 X Veitchiix), Florence is absurd, and many more cases like this can be cited. Such should not happen any more in future, and should be suppressed if forced upon the orchid growers. What 1 did in Classifying. My arrangement of the list is so plain that no explana- tion is called for. I have followed the rules laid down above, and handled the material on hand without creat- ing any new names. I let the established ones pass re- view and list them according to their qualifications. If a hybrid was mentioned as having been raised, and nothing but the parentage was given, it is entered as found, and thus indexed. If the seed-bearing plant was mentioned as such, I have marked it in every case. If the" cross in question was repeated at some other place, and is arranged by me in the proper line, I have again noted which of the parents was the seed-bearing plant, provided such came to my knowledge. If I say "also raised by so-and-so," it means that the same parentage was used at that time, whatever it was in the first case. If no sex was marked in the first instance, it is to be understood that I am not acquainted either with the sexes used for the duplicated cross, provided I have not stated otherwise. As I have recorded all crosses coming to my knowl- edge, even if they did not reach the flowering stage at the time of registering, my list contains already material with which we may meet again on future occasions. It must be remembered, though, that such crosses are not indexed so as not to interfere with the crosses known under the joint-names. I considered it wise to take cognizance of those hybrids nearing the time of their 22 ORCHID HYBRIDS. coming of age, to partly offset any efforts of renaming them. The only times that I have altered names attributed to hybrids were those of which their record stood in direct opposition to their name and would lead to misapprehensions. As long as no plan has been agreed upon to have secondary hybrids, which revert back to either pollen or seed-bearing plant, arranged in a differ- ent manner, I did not feel justified in casting thus hybrids with seven-eights blood of one kind to the con- trolling parent. Still I believe this to be the best plan, and by looking over the number of hybrids related to Spd. Sedenii, it becomes obvious that ere long we will be forced to proceed upon such rule. But I, with the first attempt to classify the hybrids of orchids, keep on terra jirma, if for no other reason for that of avoiding at- tacks upon my work. Whatever criticism may be called forth by this proposition, I will gladly rearrange in the supplement of next year's record what may be deemed most acceptable. Hoping that this my discussion will call for further and wider debate, I put together the cases which I changed. If the authors of the following hybrids attempted to make an arrangement on such lines, they should have stated it at the time of issuing the certificates of birth in writing the descriptions. They have not done so, and to do away with those per- plexing cases I cut their names in two which, luckily, in no case interferes with previous nomenclature. They are Cypripedium (Crossianum) Castle Hill. (callosum) sublaeve, syn. Siamense. Selenipedium (macrochilum) gigaiiteum not to be taken for Cypripedium giganteum. Thunia (Veitchiana) superba. REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 23 Seven more such contradictiones in adjectum happen to be synonyms of previously established hybrids and should be engrossed by them. They are the Cypripedia marmorophyllum superbum syn. Parksianum, villosum violaceum syn. Germinianum, Haynaldianum Mdlle. Clotilde' syn. Clotilde Moens, Harrisianum robustum syn. Loochristianum, Dauthieri violaceum purpureum syn. Marguerite Mantin, Dauthieri latifolium syn. Alfred Bleu, and Ddr. splendidissimum illustre syn. Rubens. Cpd. modestum (Harrisianum x X tonsum) raised by Grey, claims priority to Sander's cross of that name from (purpuratum X Io x), and to signify in its name the origin, and to also brand it as the only one inter- meddling in any way whatever in my list I call it Cpd. molestum. * What kind of Names should we apply to Orchid Hybrids? A name is an expression put up for convenience in usage, or rather is supposed to be such. That one nation has its people's tongues moulded in a different way from another is a fact not to be denied nor to be quarreled over. Pronounce it to suit yourself, even if you cause your neighbor's lips to ache with the words of ridicule pressing upon them. We gardeners are cosmopolites more than any other artisans, and being educated be- sides we adapt ourselves to a good many terms. But let us be spared such mouthful of Greek like we have inherited from Reichenbach films. Knowing him as well as I do, I feel satisfied he tried to force his unap- proached education upon us. There have to be some Solons amongst us; we can not all be fools. But the 24 ORCHID HYBRIDS. links between the two are wonderfully easy to trace. And then again such ladles full of molasses of personal flattery as are dished up to us from such striders as Sander & Co., they turn the stomach of any man with an every day constitution. An orchid hybrid is a bas- tard after all, and most of them so far retain the odor of illegitimacy as long as they show a flower to look at. Since the days of Dr. Lindley it is against good taste to attach a deserving collector's name to a decent orchid; that would make a plant unsalable; there would be 11 nothing in it." Please, those who are performing the acts of christening these foundlings, do not consider the name of a gallant collector the proper noun to at- tach to a characterless hybrid. To feed them with the swill of obsolete bastards is adding insult to the injury done to most of them every day of their life. Such idiocities as to attach names as Calantha vestita Cornelius Vanderbilt to a hybrid which at best is no vestita, and then, such common rubbish as now these days every fourth-class gardener can raise by the box full," to be be- spoken", that looks to me like jeering at the man whose name has been used, and as an effort to perpetuate the contempt which has been put into such act by the savant. Such footprints in the trail of science lead to the very same road which "The Professor" used to pace, and end in the orchid junk-shop of the "Xenia," the garlic odor of which refutes their xenia character and verifies the expected, when in one number only "three of the four species described must take the ranks of synonyms." Of course personalities of " Sanderianum " and " Wend- landianum" have to pop up from their mixed ranks and remind us of the fact that when people can not gain glory from unlooked-for quarters, they pick the dried up laurels from their spice-chests and decorate each other. REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 25 Messrs. Veitch have set a shining example when naming their select lot of seedlings after objects of fiction and mythology. Latin has been the language of science and is to remain such. Those hybrids which received names after the fashion of scientists, well and good, they have to stand. But let us avoid such expres- sions further on. When acknowledging established varieties, be guided to some extent by certain authorities, say Veitch's Manual, though I myself have preferred to disagree with several of them as I mention further on. Do not attach immense importance to such trifling distinctions as some of your long-way's-down species exhibit. You name them by the big noses and drawn-out-of-shape faces which they please to exhibit, and because they are different in such ugly characters, do not persuade your- self to believe that they are pretty and worth preserving. About joined names, 1 have had occasion to speak before. Do not reuse names already established as synonyms. Once synonym, always synonym, is a rule accepted by so many that it is rejectable to invite its application. Still, do not try and rename those you encounter. Life is short at best, and our fraction of gray matter too much employed already now to call for further engage- ment. Avoid cases like Cpd. Simonii and Siemonii. But, above all, do not forget your x sign to mark the plant in question as hybrid. The Orchid Review has applied it before the species name throughout. Much as I like to follow that journal's example, I set it after the word. Reichenbach, deceased, I understand, pro- posed two and three, to mark secondary, etc. Lucky for him to depart life ere he would be obliged to employ as many as twenty. By the time our mule-breeders got 26 ORCHID HYBRIDS. that far, he would have had a fair sized cemetery along every one of those little curiosities. The modern art of naming lets us earthliiigs escape with a single cross, but not without that. If anybody should be tempted to remark that I have not followed the rule throughout this book, I neglect it only then when it is plain from the sentence that I speak about a hybrid. Remember, too, that I am one of those dancers that have to pay the piper, and I have had to pay enough for extra type, without laying in an unnecessary stock of crosses. I do not see any reason whatever, though, for burdening bigeneric hydrids with a cross. Ever since Dr. Masters established his Philageria, everybody concerned knows that a hybrid is spoken about as soon as you pronounce a plant to be a Catlselia, a Zygolax, etc. To affix to them a x is nothing but an uncalled for display of wisdom, and burdensome at that. We have grown into the habit of adopting the most cumbersome conglomerates of names for bigenerics, without uttering a word of objection. It may be the rule of scientists to express in their combination-name as fully as possible how the plants in question originate; but I want to enter a very urgent claim for convenience's sake. We have to learn every name, good or bad, diffi- cult or easy to adopt. Hundreds of roads lead to the seat of St. Peter, and if we are obliged to make our way towards it, why not take a ticket for the most direct route, the most convenient? If I recollect right, it was Mr. *H. N. Ridley, then of the Museum of Natural His- tory, South Kensington, who proposed at the Orchid Conference (sic!) at Manchester, the name of Catlselia for hybrids between Cattleya and Lselia. That is as good and convenient, as euphonious and significant as Dr. Masters' classic Philageria. The scientists use these REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 27 names but once, where we will have to deal with them a hundred times. They owe us the consideration of con- venience, and if they deny us such blessing, let us re- volt and rule ourselves. I, therefore, propose the follow- ing, besides Mr. Ridley's Catlselia for (Cattleya x Lselia). Have Cattleya and Laelia been crossed with Epidendrum, Epileya and Epilselia resp.; with Sophronites, Sophro- leya and Sophrolselia resp.; with Brassavola, Brassaleya and Brassalselia resp.; with Sobralia, Sobraleya and Sobralselia resp. The cross of Phaius and Calanthe name Phalanthe; of Zygopetalum and Colax, Zygolax; of Cypripedium and Selenipedium, Cysepedium, etc. The assault upon nomenclature by the French savant who committed the horrible Miltoniopsis (do not let us mention his name) shows at once how little understand- ing and discernment that man possessed for the object in question. Looking at the legion of names applied to such com- mon hybrids as nitens, Measuresianum, Harrisianum, cenanthum, Ashburtonise, and what else their lot amounts to, I do not feel like blaming those who chris- tened their children. Every crow is entitled to the belief that her squabs display the deepest black of any. But as soon as they try to burden us with the products of their fertility, we object to their rabble. Those hybrids were in reach of possibility of all those who did not possess any other plants to parent with. And poorly as the raisers of those hybrids were placed, the next degree of richness in collections were but some- what better. They all had an excuse so far for dubbing their flock, but from this date they should be refused recognition. Simplify the nomenclature, and a great step of advance will have been made. 28 ORCHID HYBRIDS. A Word to the Orchid Committee of the Royal Hort. Soc. of London. It is to that body of men that we have to look for en- forcement of rules which may be adopted and endorsed by the orchid-growing fraternity. If you can agree upon a line of proceeding, subject to it every hybrid which may come before you for judgment. It must be hard for a grower, after having raised a hybrid Cattleya in years of care and watchfulness, and glorying over it at the time of flowering by attaching his illustrious initials to it, to be told then in cold language, that such plums have been picked long before he got to the top. But law is law, even if applied to such nonentity as the boldest of the gorgeous orchid hybrids. It also should be remembered that when a name has been attached to a plant once, it has claim to existence, if it be only under the obscuring cover of synonymy. If you cannot relieve us from the Oregon boot we drag about already now, at least avoid adding to its burden; A Word to the Raisers of Orchid Hybrids. The first orchid hybrids were raised in the early six- ties, and they were but scattered pioneers of the army which has been following their appearance in endless number ever since. The hybrids of Cypripedia only, that is to say the actual crosses perfected (not to count the aggregate numbers of seedlings raised), has reached the embarrassing number of one thousand. If it was nothing but the idea of perfecting a cross between orchids which induced the patrons of those nestors among the multitude to raise that advance-guard, the .appearance of Selenipedium Sedenii taught us at once REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 29 that we might be moved by other reasons when crossing our orchids. We learned that the health of our cross, the vigor of its system was more fit to endure the treat- ment we offered it than the sickly species used in their parentage exceptions as there may occur. I admit that we have made wonderful progress in the culture of our orchids, collected from so entirely different sur- roundings, and brought into the narrow frames which we make their new home. But need I recall the fact that we are far from managing a Cattleya citrina? that the whole section of the Cyrtochila Oncidia are this very day as much of strangers to us as they were a dozen years ago? Let that suffice to intimate that we ought to pick out every poor grower amongst our pets, and cross-fertilize him. Another point at which we aim in cross-fertilization is the improvement in co.lor and shape of flower. Do not be deceived by the great efforts made by those firms which have brought to us the origi- nal plants from the tropics. Their glory may be daz- zling and seem worth the trouble and the dangers endured by those poor collectors who went out in search of our treasures. But those regions have a limit, and while the last group of islands in the Australias is about to be ransacked by the greed of the importers: the steady gain of the home cultivator has invaded their ranks, and the time will come when we appreciate higher the products of home-industry. I mention that the aggregate number of distinct crosses raised up to date is nearing two thousand. I need not state that all the work done so far has been to a very great extent of a speculative kind. Think that so paltry a cross as Cypripedium Harrisonianum could receive almost twenty different names, cenanthum twenty-five! Every one of their raisers thought his 30 ORCHID HYBRIDS. cross momentous enough to be christened as the lord of a manor. I think it is time that we consider a hybrid among orchids as so common an appearance that we pass it over without special ado, unless it be a great improvement on what we already have on hand. What do our results amount to at best? Cypripedium, the genus most easily raised from seed, has been prostituted with such a multitude of rabbling bastards that it takes the eye and taste of a high mind to keep 'above them. Remember that your most noble genus of Odontoglossum is so far in the back ranks of your hybrids, that a few lines will mention all you have perfected so far. Im- press upon your mind that your success in hybridizing has been so entirely one-sided, so minute in regard to the difficulties awaiting you in future work, that it will never do to rest satisfied with the little accomplished. My list may be late in making its appearance, but it is early yet if we pause a second to contemplate what wonders are within the scope of our zeal. Consider only that stock of hybrids which you boast of! Cpd. Morganise, the pride of your collections, how often has it been repeated? Why was it that not dozens and dozens of you attempted the very same as soon as the world of orchid growers was on tip-toe about that wonder of wonders? How many Spd. Schrcederae do you call your own? Why not have your Croesus a whole stock of self fertilized Cpd. Stonei platyteenium coming on? Where is the man who crossed Philippinense and hirsu- tissimum? My list can be a guide, to tell at a glance what has been accomplished, and what combinations might be entered into. Of course we should not forget that every grower of orchids is dependent from the extent of species in his possession. But you can mail pollen to assist each other. And is there a large collection which REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 31 does not engage its care-taker in hybridizing? He should contract for hybrids grander than those we add at present by the legion to those already in existence. Pursue your task with thought, and aim at raising the best, and that often. Thus you have an opportunity to attach a reputation to your name 'which everybody will be ready to attribute to you if deserving of it! Remember also that the scientists are interested in your work. Our knowledge is but fractional in many points, and if you hear about a puzzling problem arising, lend your assistance and solve such problems. If you have on hand seedlings which you think de- serve weeding out from among the bed of idolized pets, do not murder the unfortunate foundlings. Remember that hybridizing is the greatest step towards acclimatiz- ing those strangers in our greenhouses, and that every grower in the cut-flower trade will if he pays attention to what is to his best be only to glad to purchase your bastard. They are easier to grow. They have but rudi- mentary wants as compared with the perfected species, and like the long-eared mule of our mountains lives on the bark of the tree we chop down for him when pitch- ing tent; so will your e very-day-face bastard live on the scrapings of the barnyard and grow like stocks and jelly-flowers. Futhermore let me entreat you to keep track of your work. Take notes and be truthfully strict about what you observe. You have but a faint idea how many are interested in your work, and it is impossible for you to anticipate what the result of your effort may turn out to be. The law of atavisrnus may play the queerest pranks with your plantlets, and confront you with results that overshadow the astonishment of a cuckoo's mother. Let us learn how long a time was required to land your 3 32 ORCHID HYBRIDS. seedlings at the flowering stage, and teach us about the irregularities which may puzzle you on the way. You gardeners are the right hands of the botanists, whether the latter own up to it or not. A Word to the Patrons of Orchid Culture. With you, gentlemen, rests the problem of placing our orchid culture on a high or a low standard. You guard the coin to pay for the work performed, and you supply the trading grower with the sinews to carry on his experiments. Often as you have been taken in with plants which were not by any means what they were repre- sented to be, you have now, in regard to hybrids, the means on hand to watch the silver-tongued, glib-mouthed trader when he paints unto the bastard of his propa- gating beds your honorable name. With all respect due to those whose names have been employed, refuse the use of your letters if they are to be handled indecently. By the time we receive hybrids bedecked without inter- ruption with Ashworthii, E. Ashworth, Ashworthiae, Ashworthianum, the man who employs your attention thus thinks very little of you. Wells, Wellsiae, W T ellsi- ana, Oweiiii, Owenise, Owenianum: that sounds like the reciting of the first lesson in Latin by a little shaver who got mixed up at the sight of the threatening switch. If blue blood is dragged forth to be made the laughing- stock of scheming traders, ah well, who looks for any- thing different! If we were raised like that imbred caste to live on the lying flattery of hollow-boned menials, we would be vain-glorious like they. We could not tell any more whether the thousand Odontoglossum crispum we bought for one guinea apiece were exchanged behind our backs for the quick repotted smaller size than the REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 33 seller of Blenheim pictures was able to find out. But if you are a man of that class which earns money to own it, that class which reverts trade and figures to the channels of deserving merit: you then can be a judge of your purchases and the spirit they are proffered in. It should not happen to you when the governor closes the door of your brougham that he runs back to the office like a kid and burst out: " By god, isn't she a cow?" Such the repute of the Red Duchess of Hay- market-offensiveness. People raised for the purpose of exhibition are pompous in appearance, like the fancy poultry at fairs; but good for nothing else than to fatten on the wheat watered with our brow's sweating. They flourish on being fed stories of the thickest webbing of lies, like the bosh of Eulophiella discoveries in Mada- gascar. Cypripidiurn lo has been raised only once, but if you acquire the gall of putting a couple of dozen grande, splendidum, gracillimum, humbugianum at the tail end of it, you find Johns and Jacks to put up for it. Another kind petition to those generous patrons of orchid culture. In the noble employ which you pursue by devoting your time to orchid culture, you like to be, and you are, discerned from the rest of those which can spend leisure in sportive pursuit. Does it occur to you that the man earing for your mind's pleasure is likewise a discernible character? There is not a profession within reach of our sun's brightening rays which enjoys less eminence, and which at same time can depend on less mutual organization and protection, than the multitude of gardeners. It is likewise true that there is no more noble occupation to mind or body than gardening. None requires the qualities of a high-thinking, deep- feeling mind more than gardening. And again, there is none that is shunned more than this very profession, 34 ORCHID HYBRIDS. which is the protector, the elevating motor of your nation's sincerity. Laugh at me if you like; there is nothing in this world that can wound this my heart to death. Call your doctor, your medicus a more noble aiming man. I do not gainsay it, though he does not control his subjects like we do ours. But there is no more religious training a human being can be subjected to than the care of plants, of those beings closest to a person's affection. Why do you celebrate your infant's birthday by decorating with flowers? Why do you select a bud to lay to the bosom of your beloved? Why do you value higher than gold and myrrh the wreath picked by that picture of innocence, the child of your moun- tains? Why do you put a myrtle sprig into your bride's locks? Why do you make the heart of your husband bright with hope when he finds a spray of only the most homely of flowers on his desk? Why do you place before the window of your invalid friend a pot with violet or snowdrop to cheer his wretched days? And why? oh! why do you press a bunch of tear- wetted flowers into the hand of the one- whose features you are about to look at for the last time? Are not we gardeners the caretakers, the nurses, the doctors of those objects, those subjects? Do not we enable you to enjoy their cheering presence every day of your life? Is it not we who take up, improve and perfect those plants and flowers? Where is the home that can do without the products of our work, our skill, our art? Take a man from the depth of wretchedness; a woman, the dirtiest hoodlum woman, from whom you buy a buttonhole when forcing your way through the crowd on Thread- needle Street: you can touch them with the emblem of life, a flower. I have worked in your houses. I have studied in your colleges. Rich I was; poor I became. REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 35 From the gentle-bred child of a luxurious home, down to the filth of your twenty-five pfennigs meal cellars of out-of-the-way Hamburg. I know the song. I know the shriek of my profession. I know the contempt you hold us in, intentionally or unintentionally. I con- demn you alike, you who are so depraved as to lower a man lower than your god in heaven or your devil in hell will ever forgive -you for. Don't you make me eat in the company of the coachman, a man bred low and looking low? Do you not cast me into a bunch with the bootblack and barber? Me, us, followers of an art, the adherents of an edifying profession? If you intend to crown your head with a stovepipe to-morrow, Sunday, and listen to your parson: turn on your heel, you feigner, and listen to a sermon of your conscience, the conscience feeding on plant-worship. Sit on your back-porch amongst your trailing climbers, and be not-at-home to anybody but yourself for a couple of hours. If you are asked to contribute to the bible-society, for the lying farce of foreign mission, contemplate, dear fellow-man, that there is no greater vice belying this crust of miffy civilization than the criminal ways of missionary work. Mission at home, that is the carefully avoided topic. Let the heathens die in their native happiness; you only render them unfit to enjoy their existence. But look to the cleansing of you own household. I address every employer of a gardener, most of any the general run of nurserymen, when I ask him to devote one frac- tion of an hour for every day in one week only to the condition his employee is in. And, returning to you, patrons of orchid culture, you have engaged in your service the cream of the cultivating branch of our pro- fession. Every plant of yours needs special judgment, every pot different treatment, every house different 36 ORCHID HYBRIDS. adaptation to contrary conditions. Do you pay your man anyways near what he ought to receive? If you value your plants by ciphers of three, four places, how much is the caring of them worth in comparison? Do not answer me that you can get dozens of men for the part of one that you employ. You know with me that there is something entirely wrong in the parceling out of this world's gifts, and if it is perhaps in my interest to look for a change, it may be in yours to be anxious about a continuation. If you decide thus, you give the rope around our necks another twist, and more narrow than before will be the crack admitting healthful air into our systems. Out on the porch before my office door' lies my dog; Prince is his name, and princely are his ways. To enumerate his traits would be imposing upon my readers' time. Let it suffice with the statement that he is as intelligent as he is brave, as noble as he is useful. Yet this very dog was raised (by the man who left him with me when he emigrated to a worse country) with nothing but bran and scraps falling off the table of a batchelor prospector and pioneer. Not that Prince was not worth any better food; no, it was all his master was able to afford for the companion of his lonely life. What the dog is amongst animals, that is the gardener amongst men: his most faithful com- panion, his most sincere servant. You can raise either of them on the bran of your wheat or on the scraps of your table; they are grateful and thrive under such con- ditions. But, fellow-men of flesh and bone, would you face your dog if you fed him thus? Do not try to inform me about numerous curs, such news has grown stale already with the linnets on my roof. In the town which I overlook from my window they drop occasionally scraps REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 37 of meat with an addition of nux vomica for the canine curs. But while the human curs are locked up by decrees of "civilization" and fed at the expense of the com- monwealth, hundreds and thousands of worthy dogs, shepherd dogs of intelligence, have to subsist on bran and soiled scraps. Your gardeners, nine out of ten, are amongst them. Like my Prince, they do not growl, and do not leave either to hunt up more humane masters, more respected occupations. They stay, and swear by their lords, and become degraded, until they are unable to recognize the lowness of their position. But there is a number of bulldogs and bloodhounds distributed in. the race of dogs. They do not only set an example by their acts of freedom; no, they intermix in breeding, too. Dog as they may be, dog as they may remain, be not surprised if on the day of reckoning (which " civilization " forces upon humanity) the very serf dog at your door assumes the traits which up to then you have been applying to him. If your gardener is low enough to accept from the nurseryman the tendered check for the blackmailing percentage of your orchid purchase, do not blame him if he feels like kissing the hand that drops that crisp note. Blame yourself; nay, despise yourself for having helped in the slow process of debauching your fellow-man's manhood. The hand that forks the manure of your stable, did you ever touch it? not to speak about pressing it? If not, try the ex- periment, and do not get paralized if it dawns upon you in the most glaring of all sunrises what revolution one electrifying touch can produce. 38 ORCHID HYBRIDS. A word to those I am under obligation to. We have been subjected to the most contemptible treatment from the " Autocrat from Hamburg " for such a number of years, that we had to rub our eyes and ask whether all this was true, after the hero was deprived of the sheltering robe of life. I hate to have the name of kicking dead donkeys. But while I may be called guilty of dealing in poundmasters' traits, I have wit- nesses for having attempted to disrobe rascals in science and profession ere this while they were still wielding the murdering cleaver to chop whatever did not stand in humble disgrace the administering of their insults. Let us look back for a moment and contemplate what this H. G. Reichenbach fil. has done for our orchids. Did he not die and leave not as little as the most wretched handbook to guide us through the mess which he stirred up? Has he done anything but name species, plain and simple, the recognition of which would have been easy prey for any student who could have examined the material usurped by him? As soon as it came to puzzling objects, Reichenbach had a stunning ability in applying the trick of breaking Gordian knots. Do not challenge me for proofs, they are common property, and aside from them I have a whole store of bunged-up private ones, the odor of which would render abashed the effects of a smashed jug of bi-sulphide of carbon. A man who has to take refuge to registered letters only to send his numbered missives, and then even looks about for a third person to address them to, his soul must have a hovel in the black of depravity. But he did not know that pottingshed-boys were roasting their bloaters with his pages; he feared, but never knew it would have killed him that his leaves of criminal docu- REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 39 merits were scattered along railroad tracks, the amuse- ment of those who studied them at " fresh air leisure," or the prey of fanning winds which tried to scatter the shame to hide it behind hedges and roadsides. The whole accumulation of Reichenbach's writing was not worth the articles on Catlselia elegans and Schilleriana, which the author of the Orchid Review spread before us. His mixed up stuff of Bletia, Barkeria, Epiden- drum, Leelia, Schomburgkia, Cattleya, was such Irish stew that he did not have the courage to swallow it him- self. His contributions to the orchid conference were simply absurd. He may have worked wonders in or- dering the nomenclature of Bulbophyllum, Eria, and the like genera, wonders to some, but perhaps but trifling- matters to those versed in such pages of our botanic literature. But to us, who are confronted every day with flowers attractive and large, we come across his blunders often enough to place their author where he belongs. The drawings which he has forced upon o'ur orchid bibliography are a disgrace to the century. And his conceit uttered with every expression he used " Qu' on nous traite de meme ? " Has it ever occurred to you, the subscriber of the " Reichenbachia," what offensive trick of the boldest baseness it was for him to undertake such publication? As a rule people want to be dead before they like to have anybody mention their epitaph. But "post equitem sedet atra cura," thus he dreaded, and fearing to fall in the gutter of oblivion to benefit solely through decay, he gathered in all the self- made glory he could muster and caused the Reichen- bachia to be created large enough to cover a cadaver of almost any size. Thus he reckoned, but looked out at same time for the ringing sound of Bank of England metal, to delight and satisfy the greedy black soul. That 40 ORCHID HYBRIDS. he could arrange, he could contract for, but the dread of those ghouls as he termed them hovering over his herbarium, that drove the sweet blessing of peace from his eye-lids. What was it, this act of his to solder up the treasures committed to his care? Call it criminal, call it foolish, call it small or call it dirty: it stands there monumentalizing the most contemptible act of any scientist that ever could be committed. Let us be mer- ciful with him, let us call it childish, and let us condemn those who accepted the undignified, sordid duty of carrying out his wish. He feared his scientific brethren might turn out to be above such trickery; and well guarded against such rejection was the iron-clad will. They should have refused x and refused again, that con- clave of adherents of international science, until the lot reverted where it belonged, to the island whence the bulk of material came under his care. It hurt me at the time to be forced to believe that magnanimity amongst scientists was not as great by far as it might, as it should be. He hoped we could not get along with- out it, and would clamor over the loss he afflicted us with. " But I tell thee, grinning spirit of the deep, the day " those boxes will be unsoldered will not be disturbed " by any more eclat than would be excited by the re- 11 moval of the corpse of some long-forgotten, medieval " highway robber from an inconvenient vault to the " eternal resting-place along the castle's wall. Investi- 11 gating scientists may look for relics of past times in " his coffin. So will they rake through your leaves to " settle some minor question. But to him, as to the " contents of your baking-tins, will not be paid the re- " spect they would readily concede the almshouse " inmate when he is boxed up at the county's expense. REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 41 " They know from the knight and from you alike: you " lived on the fat of the land, not inherited, not pre- " sented with it, not conquered on just principals: no, " sir, entrusted with, and usurped; appropriated against " the unwritten laws of decency; maintained and aug- 11 merited through sheer force and low theft. Like the " uncovered treasure of iron and bronze coin of that " knight of the road, thus will your treasure have out- " lived the date of circulation and usefulness." It laid with him entirely to bless us with a book to set right all the disputes warming up the multitude of expecting hearers. He fought not to accomplish it, but his contempt has never penetrated further than to those admitted to the bar of inquisition and torture. Who was it that 'strangled the reputations of every one of those collectors which were swarming over tropical lands and ruining their constitutions for the sake of science, as they thought for the sake of the devil, as they had. to sadly experience? If they gainsay what I preach and maintain, poor fellows! they do not know the strings that played the manikins. What have you, what has the world heard about a Riemann, about a Fcerstermann, about a Bartholomaeus, about an Arnold, about a Ker- bach, about a Micholitz, about a Schroeder, about a Roebelen, about a Hennings, who have been sacrificed to fill the coffers of squandering extravagance? to pay the whims of idiotic trickery and tricky idiotcy? If your bones bleach in the sun, and not a stone has been rolled over the shallow graves of some of you martyrs, I, for one, will turn the glare of a torch, the brightest torch aflame, the torch of truth upon your white bones. Fools you were, gardeners of course, picked to suit the scheming ways of your master. If you suffered, no- body will be any the wiser for it. You have been for- 42 ORCHID HYBRIDS. bidden the use of a pen to write up your experience under the ban of digrace at the time that you were ruined for anything but the lingering of a collector's death. I have not sniffed where I had no business to, though I do not claim to be listed a colonel for the legion of the goody good. But if things are dumped before your eyes, if facts are thrust under your nose, where is the man that does not notice them? And aside from that, a personal grievance served to sharpen the scent to detect the direction whence a stab towards my back was aimed from. Enough, de mortuis nihil nisi veritas, and for that matter about the living likewise. It is a good thing that we are not to be forgotten altogether. The consecrator of the baptism of Dendrobium Guilelmi secundi is inheriting some of the traits of scientific smartness impaired through the death of past celebrities, and if we remember how a Reichenbach had to stand attack and criticism ere he found recognition, we will (some of these dark days) rank equally the spooking pranks of the orchid-sage of Heidelberg whose tomfool- eries exuberate with the bouquet of Heidelberg's Big Barrel. To disseminate his teachings, would be an insult to the intelligence of our age. Unmentioned be their names. Of all of them I write like H. G. Rchb. fil., " t. m. t." " s. b. m." to my taste, send better ma- terial. It is a pleasure to turn from these types to whom I am under obligation for having shown me how not to proceed when devoting myself to the study of orchids, to the epoch beginning with the publication of the Qr- chid Review. I felt sorry at the time of its issue to deem that there should have been a disagreement between the standard publication of horticulture, the Gardeners' REVIEW AND INFERENCES. 43 \ Chronicle, and the leader of the new organ of the orchid cultivating world. But as long as our Review has turned out as a perfect paper, let us congratulate ourselves upon its appearance. It is a very difficult matter to establish and uphold a noble positiveness in journalism. Germany is swamped with worthless organs of every part, or branch of horticulture, and taking the best of all of them, it would require the import of a manager to give them the heading of editorials. It is to the Orchid Re- view that we look for advice and guidance, and to Mr. Eolfe belongs the credit of having supplied us with the much-needed leadership. I have enjoyed the assistance of Dr. M. T. Masters when addressing many of those people to whom I have been applying for assistance in getting my material com- pleted and corrected. Though quite a number of those addressed have not considered it worth their while to answer, I am under obligation to a great many corre- spondents. I take the.se means of again expressing my* sincere thanks to them, and while I cannot enumerate individually the information given, I have to single out some, on account of their readiness in extending the much-sought information. Mr. Drewett 0. Drewett, Mr. F. M. Burton, Sir William Marriott, and Mr. Regi- nald Young, exhausted their notes in answering me. Of the nurserymen engaged in orchid growing, Messrs. James Veitch & Sons were the v.ery model of a firm, a reputation attributed to them wherever mention of their name is made. Messrs. Low, Williams and Bull were equally ready to tell what was wanted. Messrs. W. L. Lewis & Co. displayed a great amount of kindness, as winsome as it was acceptable. Mr. John S. Treseder, of Messrs. Heath & Son, captivated through his vivid interest in my work, and to him and Mr. Wm. Murray, 44 ORCHID HYBRIDS. N. C. Cookson's head gardener, I owe the most thorough supplies of information received from any source. Many thanks also to Mr. R. H. Measures, for his list, and to Mr. W. B. Latham, for telling me so exhaustively about the queer Cypripedium medea monstrosa x. Mr. W. H. White, Sir Trevor Lawrence's man, dealt extensively with all the questions put; also W. Stevens, for Mr. Thompson, Stone. On this side of the water, Mr. Robert M. Grey and Wm. Grey deserve special gratitude; also many thanks again to Mr. William Robinson, of Mr. Ames' collection, Mr. H. T. Clinkaberry, with Mr. Roebling, Trenton, and Mr. R. Gardner, at Newport. Messrs. Pitcher & Manda showed a spirit of favor and debonnairness, which in my experience stamps them the Veitch firm on our side. There are two reasons, though, for which a person might be under obligation: one for positive, the other for negative assistance. The latter may not be generally practised, but either of the two is valuable; the latter specially, if its proffered " xenia " might be as the wooden horse of the foes of Troja. Messrs. F. Sander & Co.'s bastards in the orchid line are so impertinent -and rude in insisting to obtrude our ways, that their clamor for recognition forced me to address their sanctum for condescending information. Alas, we all are aware how notoriously irregular and insecure the mail service is. My missive, therefore, never reached its destination, and I thus was deprived of the crowning lot of knowl- edge to link with truth the faulty lines possessed. To be serious, I have given their crosses the places which they claim, according to the information going with them at the time of exhibition. How much is that? I, who knows, think: the less the better. If we cannot syn. luridum atratum Lindl. Jrl. Hrt. Soc,, vi, p. 54, fg. syn. luridum purpuratum. Catlg. Loddiges, 1847. A nat. hyb. exhbt. by Low, Clapton, at RHS., Nov. 27, '94, belongs undoubtedly here. (haematochilum ? x Lanceanum). Also the reverse. 0. R., Aug., '95. Under raising by Potter, St. Ann's, Trinidad. ONCIDIUM PHAIUS. 229 litum Rchb. f. Sup. nat. hyb. near Forbesii. G. Ch., Sept. 15, '83. With Bull, Chelsea. papilioniforme. Sup. hyb. ?(Papilio X Krameri). Gf. t. 1017. pectorale Lindl. nat. hyb. (Marshallianum X Forbesii). See 0. R., Oct., '93. Imp. with Forbesii, April, 1840, from Eio de Janeiro. James Wentworth Buller, Exe- ter. Lindl. Sert. Orch., t. 39. syn. Marshalliano-Forbesii Rolfe. 0. R., Oct., '93. syn. caloglossum Rchb. f. With Bull, Chelsea, 1885. G. Ch.,'85, ii, p. 166. syn. Mantinii Godefroy. fg. L'O., Feb., '88. syn. Larkinianum Gower. Gdn., xxxvii, p. 325. RHS., March 11, '90. Wheatleyanum Gower. nat. hyb. ?(crispum X Forbesii). Gdn. ,.'93, ii, p. 227. RHS., Nov. 13, '94. 0. R., Jan., '95. ORCHIS. Natural Hybrids of rare occurrence : Jacquini Godr. (fusca X militaris). Germany, syn. fusca var. stenoloba Coss. & Germ, syn. hybrida Boenningh. (latifolio X maculata). From Hampshire and Plymouth. (Morio X mascula). Germany, (purpurea X Rivini). Germany. (ustulata X tridentata). Germany, syn. Dietrichiana Bog. Austriaca Kerner. ustulato-variegata Bog. PHAIUS. amabilis (grandifolius ? X tuberculosus). Veitch, Chel- sea. RHS., Feb. 14, '93. fg. G. Ch., Feb. 25, '93. Jrl. Orch., '93, p. 25. Rchbch., ser. 2, ii, t. 90. var. Marthce (grandifolius Blumei ? ). Sander. RHS., March 13, '94. fg. Rchbch., ser. 2, ii, t. 89. 230 LIST OF HYBRIDS. Cooksoniae (grandifolius $ X Humblotii). Murray, for Cookson, Oakvvood. KHS., June 11, '95. fg. Jrl. Hrt., June 13, '95. G. Ch., June 15, '95. Cooksonii Rolfe. (Wallichii ? X tuberculosus). Mur- ray, for Cookson, Oakwood. G. Ch., March 29, '90. fg. 0. A., t. 478. Crossed March 26, '87; sown Dec. 16, '87; strong grower. hybridus J. O'B. (grandifolius? X Wallichii). Keel- ing, for Drewett, Riding. 1892. (0. R., Jan., '93). var. Gravesii (Wallichii $ ). Grey, for Graves, Orange. G. Ch., March 25, '93. fg. 0. R., Aug. '93. Sown July 6, '89, germinated Dec. 1, '90; flowered Feb. 12, '93. maculato-grandifolius (grandifolius $ ). Veitch, Chel- sea. RHS., Nov. 10, '91. Owenianus (bicolor Oweniee ? X Humblotii). . Temple Show, May 23, '94. Sander, St. Albans. fg. G. Ch., June 23, '94. Jrl. Hrt., June 7, '94. PHAL^NOPSIS. Synonyms : casta, Cynthia, Leda, Sanderiana, Schilleriano-gloriosa, Youngiana leucorrhoda. Lobbii, Vesta intermedia vi Species used in crossing : amabilis Blume. Aphrodite Rchb. f. (syn. graiidiflora Lindl.) (syn. amabilis Lindl.) intermedia x F. L. Ames, rosea intermedia. Lueddemanniana John Schilleriana leucorrhoda. Seden. rosea Artemis. cornu-cervi Blume&Rchb.f. Schilleriana Rothschildi- violacea Valentini. ? ana. violacea Harriettse. PHAL^NOPSIS. 231 Lueddemanniana Rchb. f. Stuartiana Rchb. f. amabilis John Seden. leucorrhodax Amphitrite tetraspis speciosa. tetraspis Rchb. f. violacea Luedde-violacea T , , Lueddemanniana- speciosa rosea Lindl. violacea Teiism. & Binn. amabilis Artemis. Aphrodite-intermedia. amabilis -Harriett*, intermedia x -delicate. comu-cervi-Valentmi. ? Schilleriana-Veitchiana. Lueddemanniana-Lued- de-violacea. Schillenana Rchb. f. amabilis Rothschildiana. Aphrodite leucorrhoda. rosea Veitchiana . Hybrids used in crossing : intermedia. leucorrhoda. (Aphrodite X rosea.) (Aphrodite X Schilleriana) amabilis F. L. Ames. Stuartiana Amphitrite. rosea delicata. alcicornis Rchb. f. " Near Schilleriana and amabilis." G. Ch., June 18, '87. Low, Clapton. Amphitrite Krzl. (Stuartiana ? X leucorrhoda Sander- iana x). G. Ch., May 14/92. Artemis (amabilis $ X rosea). RHS., July 12, '92. Veitch. delicata Rchb. f. nat. hyb. ?(intermedia x X rosea). G. Ch., May 27/82. F. L. Ames Rolfe. (amabilis ? X intermedia x). G. Ch., Feb. 18, '88, fg. fg. G. & F., Jan. 15, '90. Seden, for Veitch. Sown Sept., '82. Named after Ames, North Easton. 232 LIST OF HYBRIDS. Harrietts Rolfe. (amabilis ? X violacea). G. Ch., July 2, '87. Seden, for Veitch. Sown Jan. ,'82; flowered May, '87. fg. G. Ch., '88, p. 8. Gdn., t. 766. Named after daughter of Corning, Albany. intermedia Lindl., nat. hyb. (Aphrodite X rosea). Lobb, for Veitch. Pxtn. Fl. Gdn., '53, fg. 310. Also raised artificially by Seden, for Veitch. (rosea ? ). Sown '82; flowered spring '86. G. Ch., April 3, '86. syn. Vesta (rosea leucaspis $ ). RHS., Jan. 17, '93. Seden, for Veitch. syn. Lobbii Hort. var. Portei Rchb. f. Porte, 1861. G. Ch., March 12, '64. Bot. Ztg., '63, p. 168. fg. Sel. Orch., t, 2. Fl. Mg., n/s. t. 162. Gdn., t. 370. Rchbch. ii, t. '68. Grd. Mag., Feb. 23, '95. Jrl. Hrt., Feb. 28, '95. var. Brymeriana Rchb. f . With Low, Clapton. G. Ch., '76, p. 366. fg. Fl. Mg., n. s. t. 263. Named after Brymer, Dorchester. John Seden Rolfe. (amabilis $ X Lueddemanniana). G. Ch., March 17, '88. Seden, for Veitch. Sown Nov., '81. leucorrhoda Rchb. f. nat. hyb. (Aphrodite X Schiller- iana). G. Ch., '75, p. 301. fg. Fl. Mg., n. s. t. 166. fg. 0. R., July, '94. With Low, Clapton, 1875. syn. casta Rchb. f. G. Ch., '75, p. 590. fg. 0. A. , t. 229. Rchbh., t. 87. syn. Sanderiaria Rchb. f. G. Ch., May 26, '83. fg. Rchbch., ser. 2, t. 68. syn. Cynthia Rolfe. G. Ch., Feb. 1, '90. With Wigan, East Sheen, fg. 0. R., July '94. syn. Youngiana. RHS., Feb. 13, '94. G. Young, St. Albans. fg. Jrl. Hrt., March 7, '95. Gd. Mag., Feb. 16, '95. - PHALANTHE. 233 syn. SchiUeriano-gloriosa. RHS., March 25, '90. syn. Leda. Stray seedling. Veitch. G. Ch., April 14, '88. Luedde- violacea (violacea ?). Veitch, Chelsea. RHS., July 23, '95. fg. Jrl. Hrt., July 25, '95. 0. R., Sept. '95. gives parentage as above on p. 285, and vice versa on p. 259. Rothschildiana Rchb. f. (Schilleriana ? X amabilis Blume [not amabilis Lindl., as Rchb. f. states]). G. Ch., May 7, '87. Veitch, Chelsea. speciosa Rchb. f . nat. hyb. (Lueddemanniana X tetra- spis) G. Ch., April 30, '81. var. Imperatrix. fg. Rchbch., t. 51. var. Christiana ? Valentin! Rchb. f. nat. hyb. ?(cornu-cervi X violacea). G. Ch., Sept. 1, '83. Named after collector Valentine, with Low, Clapton. Veitchiana nat. hyb. ?(Schilleriana X rosea). G. Ch., '72, p. 935. PHALANTHE. (Phaius X Calanthe.) inquilina (Phaius i. Rchb. f.) (Phs. ? X Clt. ves- tita). Dominy, for Veitch. G. Ch., 1867, p. 544. "A mythic plant." inspirata (Phs. grandifolius X Clt. Masuca). V. M.,'94, pp. 93 and 146. But one plant raised. irrorata( Phaius i. Rchb. f.) (Phs. grandifolius $ X Clt. vestita Turneri nivalis). Dominy, for Veitch. G. Ch., '67, p. 264. fg. Fl. Mg., t. 426. var. albiflora; from same parents. RHS., Jan. 17, '93. var. Arnoldicv (Clt. vestita Regnieri $ ). RHS., Jan. 16, '94. Sander. var. rosea. fg. Jrl. Hrt., April 18, '95. var. purpureus (Clt. vestita rubro-oculata). Seden, for Veitch. 234 LIST OF HYBRIDS. Sedeniana (Phs. S. Rchb. f.) (Phs. grandifolius ? X Clt. Veitchii x). Seden, for Veitch, Chelsea. G. Oh., Feb. 5, '87. fg. Jrl. Hrt., Dec. 6, '94. Also raised by Smythe, Alton. G. Ch., March 16, '89. var. rosea Rolfe. (Clt. Veitchii x $ ). Lambert, for Riley, Bromley. 0. R., March, '93. SACCOLABIUM. bellino-bigibbum. Nat. hyb. With Moore, Glasnevin. 0. R., Feb., '95. SATYRIUM. Guthriei Bolus, nat. hyb. (bicallosum X candidum). Found by Guthrie near Cape Town. Bolus Ic. Orch., Aust.-Afr., i, t. 21. 1893. SCHOMBLETIA. (Schomburgkia X Bletia.) Sdlgs. of (Bletia verecunda ? X Schomburgkia tibici- nis) raised by Mead, Oviedo, Fl. 0. R., Sept., '95. SELENIPEDIUM. Synonyms : Albanense Sedenii. Hanishianum Brysa. album cardinale. Helen Schrcederae. Browni Ainsworthii. hybridum nitidissimum. calurum Ainsworthii. John Ashworth Brysa. chlorops conchiferun. Lemoinierianum Sedenii chrysocomes nitidissi- leucorrhodum Sedenii. mum. macrochilum grande. Clonius nitidissimum. macrochilum giganteum Clymene Dominii. giganteum. delicatum Ainsworthii. Mrs. W. A. Roebling Edithse Baconis. Schroederse. Emily M. Roebling Se- Penelaus Hardyanum. denii. Phaedra Perseus. SELENIPEDIUM. 235 porphyreum Sedenii. reticulato-Albanense Brysa. robusticum Ains worthii . robustius Ainsworthii . Rougieri Ainsworthii. Species used Boisserianum Rchb. f. (syn. reticulatum Rchb. f.) Schlimii Cleola. Sedenii x Brysa. caricinum Lindl. caudatum Domiiiii. longifolium coiichiferum Schlimii stenophyllum. caudatum Lindl. Ainsworthii x Hardy- anum. cardinale x Finetianum. conchiferum x nitidissi- mum. caricinum Dominii. grande x giganteum. longifolium grande . Schlimii Saundersianum Sedenii x SchroaderaB. Lindleyanum Schomb. longifolium longifolio- Lindleyanum. Schlimii L'Unique. Sedenii x Perseus. rubicundum cardinale . tenellum Sedenii. Thersites Perseus . Venus Brysa. Weidlichianum Sedenii. in crossing : longifolium Rchb. f. & Warsc. cardinale x longifolio- cardinale. caricinum conchiferum . caudatum grande. Lindleyanum longifolio- Liiidleyanum. Schlimii Sedenii. Sedenii x Ainsworthii. Schlimii Batm. Boisserianum Cleola. caudatum Saundersianum caricinum stenophyllum. conchiferum x Edithse. Dominii x albo-purpure- um. Lindleyanum L'Unique. longifolium Sedenii. Sedenii x cardinale. vittatum Stella. vittatum Vellozo. Schlimii Stella. 236 LIST OF HYBRIDS. Hybrids used Ainsworthii. (longifolium X Sedeniix.) caudatum Hardy an um. Sedenii x compactum. cardinale. (Sedenii x X Scblimii.) caudatum Finetianum. longifolium longifolio- cardinale. Sedenii x Rosy Gem. conchiferum. (caricinumX longifolium.) caudatum iiitidissimum . grande x Elsteadianum. Sch limii Edithse. Sedenii x -- Coppinianum. Dominii. (caricinum X caudatum.) Schlimii albo-purpureum in crossing : grande. (longifolium X caudatum.) caudatum giganteum . conchiferum x Elsteadia- num. Sedenii x pulchellum. Sedenii. (longifolium X Schlimii.) Ainsworthiix compactum Boisserianum Brysa. cardinale Rosy Gem. caudatum Schrcederae . conchiferum x Coppinia- num. grande x pulchellum. Lindleyanum Perseus, longifolium Ainsworthii. Schlimii cardinale. Ainsworthii (longifolium Rcezlii ? X Sedenii x). Mitchell, for Ainsworth, Manchester. G. Ch., '79, p. 748. syn. calurum Rchb. f. Seden, for Veitch. G. Ch., Jan. 8, '81. fg. Ldn., t. 304. Fl. and Pm., t. 619. L'O., June, '92 (var. Rougieri). O. A., t. 136. Also raised by Bond, for Ingram, Godalming. RHS., Sept. 24, '94. syn. Brownii (longifolium magniflorum $ X Sedenii leucorrhodum x). Pitcher & Maiida,,Shorthills. RHS., July 7, '91. Named after Brown, St. Louis. SELENIPEDIUM. 237 var. robustius Kchb. f. (Sedenii x $ ). G. Ch., March 30, '89. Horn, for Rothschild, Vienna. robusticum Hort. var. delicatum Rolfe (longifolium Hiiicksianum ? X Sedenii candidulum x). Hincks, Richmond. 0. R., Aug., '93. albo-purpureum Rchb. f. (Schlimii ? X Dominii x). Dominy, for Veitch. G. Ch., July, '77. Gdn., xxi, p. 332. Baconis Krzl. (conchiferum [chlorops] x ? X Schlimii). G. Ch., Feb. 6, '92. Sander, St. Albans. Named in memory of Francis Bacon. Sown Nov. 4, '88, seed- lings March, '89, flowers Jan. '92. syn. Edithce Krzl. (conchiferum x ? X Schlimii albi- florum). G. Ch., Oct. 15, '92. Sander, St. Albans. Dedicated to Mrs. Editha Boyle. Brysa (Sedenii candidulum x ? X Boisserianum). RHS., March 8, '92. Veitch. syn. Venus (Sedenii Albanense x $ ). RHS., July 25, '93. Sander, St. Albans. syn. Hanishianum. From same seedpod. Sander, St. Albans. 1893. syn. John Ashivorth (Sedeni candidulum x X Bois- serianum reticulatum). Ashworth, Winslow. RHS., Nov. 13, '94. cardinale Rchb. f. (Sedenii x ? X Schlimii albiflorum). G. Ch., Oct. 14, '82. Seden, for Veitch. fg. V. M., '89. Gdn., t. 495. 0. R., March, '93. O.A.,t. 370. Also raised by Murray, for Cookson, Oakwood. In litt., March, '93. 20 plants. Crossed Oct. 28/84. And with (Schlimii), by Vanner, Chislehurst. RHS. , Feb. 11, '90. Also by Drewett, Riding, 1886. The latter used Sedenii x $ as well as Schlimii ? . He writes that 238 LIST OF HYBRIDS. Rchb. f. insists upon having given the name of cardinaKs. syn. album (Sedenii leucorrhodum x ? X Schlimii). Bond, for Ingram, Godalming. RHS., Aug. 13, '95. syn. rubicundu in (Schlimii X Sedenii x). Measures, Camberwell. M. L., 2d. ed. Cleola (Schlimii albiflorurn $ X Boisserianum). RHS., Nov. 11, '90. Veitch. compactum (Sedenii candidulum x ? X Ainsworthii calurum x). Bond, for Ingram, Godalming. RHS., April 1, '93. conchiferum Rchb. f.(cariciiium ? X loiigifoliumRoezlii). Bowring, Windsor Forest. G. Ch., March 12, '81. syn. chlorops Rchb. f. Parentage doubtful. Horn, for Rothschild, Vienna. G. Ch., May 12, '88. Coppinianum (Sedenii x ? x conchiferum x). RHS., April 14, '91. Sander. Dalleanum Andre. ? Dalle, Paris. Rev. Hrt., April 1, '95. Dominii Rchb. f. (caricinum ? X caudatum). Dorniny, for Veitch. G. Ch., '70, p. 1181. fg. Fl. Mg., t. 499. Gdn., May 2, '91. var. Clymene (caudatum Wallisii). Veitch. RHS., April 11, '93. syn. Dominii albicans. Veitch. RHS., July 9/95. Elsteadianum (conchiferum x ? X grande x). RHS., Aug. 13, '92. Ingram, Elstead House, Godalming. Finetianum (cardinale x ? X caudatum). Finet, Argen- teuil. 0. R., April, '94. giganteum (caudatum Lindenii ? X grande x). Veitch, Chelsea. RHS., May 8, '94. fg. Grd. Mag., May 12, '94. 111. Hrt., May 17, '94. Of an " unusually large form," Originally named macrochiluwi giganteum. SELENIPEDIUM. 239 grande Rchb. f. (longifolium Eoezlii ? X caudatum). G. Ch., April 9, '81. Seden, for Veitch. Fertilized 1875. fg. Ldn., t. 242. syn. Hardyanum. Holmes, for Hardy, Timperley. G. Ch., May 27, '93. var. macrochilum (longifolium ? X caudatum Lin- denii). RHS., Aug. 11, '91. Seden, for Veitch. fg. G. Ch., Sept. 19, '91. Lip double as large as longifolium. Hardyanum (caudatum ? X Ainsworthii x). RHS., Oct. 18, '92, Holmes, for Hardy, Timperley. var. Penelaus (caudatum Lindenii X Ainsworthii calurum x $ ). Veitch, Chelsea. RHS., Jan. 17, '93. fg. Jrl. Hrt, March 16, '93. longifolio-cardinale (cardinale ? ). Measures, Camber- well. RHS., Aug. 29, '93. ? (longifolium Roezlii X Lindleyanum). Grey, for Graves, Orange. In litt., Jan., '94. Seed germin- ated in 3 months, but more kept coming up for " over one year." L'Unique (Lindleyanum $ X Schlimii albiflorum). RHS., Aug. 29, 93. Bond, for Ingram, Godalming. nitidissimum Rchb. f. (caudatum Warscewiczii $ X con- chiferum x). G. Ch., July 7, '88. Murray, for Cook- son, Oakwood. Crossed July 7, '84, sown Nov. 22, '85, 140 plants, fg. Rchbch., t. 27. syn. chrysocomes Rolfe. G. Ch., June 18, '92. Measures, Streatham. syn. hybridum. Sander. RHS., April 14, '91. var. Clonius (conchiferum x ? X caudatum Lindenii). RHS., Oct. 24, '93. Veitch. fg. Jrl. Hrt., Nov. 2, '93. Grd. Mag., Sept. 8, '94. "With a large chaste lip." Perseus (Sedenii porphyreum x ? X Lindleyanum). RHS., Nov. 15, '92. Veitch. 240 LIST OF HYBRIDS. syn. Phcedra (Sedenii candidulum x ? ). RHS., Jan. 17, '93. Veitch. syn. Thersites (Sedenii x ? ). RHS., Dec. 12, '93. Veitch. syn. (unnamed) (Sedenii leucorrhodum x ? ). Grey, for Graves, Orange. In litt, Jan. '94. Quickest record of germinating, 2 months. pulchellum Rolfe (grande x ? X Sedenii candidulum x). 0. R., June, '93. Vanner, Chislehurst. "Remark- ably like leucorrhodum." Also raised by Lurnsden, Aberdeen. G. Ch., April 20, '95. (0. R., May, '95.) "One flower was normal, resembling leucorrhodum; one other flower on the same plant bore strong likeness to macrochilum (grande x ? X Schlimii albiflorum)." Rosy Gem (cardinale x X Sedenii x). M. L., 2d. ed. Raised by Ingrain. Saundersianum (caudatum Warscewiczii $ X Schlimii). G. Ch., '86, p. 654. Marshall, Enfield. Dedicated to Saunders, Tres. RHS. Brought 300 gs. at sale of Lee, Leatherhead. Schrcederse Rchb. f. (caudatum ? X Sedendii x). G. Ch., April 7, '83. Seden, for Veitch. Dedicated to Baroness Schroeder, Egham. fg. 0. A., 1. 196. Ldn., t. 69. syn. Mrs. W. A. Rcebling. (Sedenii candidulum x ? X caudatum.) Pitcher & Manda, 1893. var. Helen (caudatum Wallisii ? X Sedenii leucorrho- dum x). Robinson, for Ames, North Easton. In litt., Feb., '94. Dedicated to granddaughter of Ames. Sedenii Rchb. f! (longifoliurn X Schlimii). (Either was used as seed-bearing parent.) G. Ch., '73, p. 1431. fg. Fl. Mg., t. 206 and 302. Seden, for Veitch. SELENIPEDIUM. 241 syn S. rubicundum. Measures, Camberwell. Gdn., Aug. 16, '90. Also raised (Schlimii $ ) by Murray, for Cookson, Oakwood. In litt., March, '93. Crossed Dec. 18, '86, sown March 23, '87, 12 plants. Albanense (Schlimii ? ). V. M., 1887. var. porphyreum Rchb. f. (longifolium Roezlii ? X Schlimii) Seden, for Veitch. G. Ch., '78, p. 366. Also raised by Drewett, Riding (1886), who states in litt., March, '93: "I have as good a var. of Sedenii candidulum as there is from this same batch." var. Weidlichianum (longifolium Hartwegii X Schlimii). RHS., Dec. 9, '90. Murray, for Cook- son, Oakwood. Crossed Aug. 12, '85, sown June 20, '86, 220 plants, fg. Rchbch., 2d. ser., t. 51. var. candidulum Rchb. f. (longifolium $ X Schlimii albiflorum). G. Ch., Oct. 18, ; 84. fg. Ldn., t. 245. 0. A., t. 481. Seden, for Veitch. syn. Lemoinierianum Rchb. f. Lemoinier, Lille. Ghent Quinq. Exhb. April 15, '88. (G. Ch., June 9, '88.) V. M., 1889, classes it wrongly under Spd. Ainsworthii calurum. syn. tenellum. (Schlimii albiflorum $ X longifolium magniflorum). Pitcher & Manda, 1893. var. leucorrhodum Rchb. f. (longifolium Roezlii $ X Schlimii albiflorum). G. Ch., Feb. 28, '85. fg. 0. R., June, '93. Only one plant. Also raised by Osborri, for Buchan, Southampton. Gdn., March 3, '88. stenophyllum Rchb. f. (Schlimii ? X caricinum). Bow- ring, Windsor Forest. G. Ch., '76, p. 461. Stella (Schlimii $ Xvittatum). Sander. 0. R., April, '94. 242 LIST OF HYBRIDS. SOBRALEYA. (Sobralia X Cattleya.) ? unflowered sdlgs. of (Sbr. macrantha X Ct. Wars- cewiczii). 12 plants. Burberry, for Chamberlain, Birmingham. 0. R., Dec. ,'93. SOBRALIA. Amesiana (xantholeuca ? X Wilsoni). Sander, St. Al- bans. Manchester Show, May 31, '95. Yeitchii (macrantha ? X xantholeuca). Veitch, Chel- sea. RHS., July 24, '94. fg. Jrl. Hrt., Aug. 2, 7 94. Also raised by Robinson, for Ames, North Easton. (macrantha nana); in litt., Feb. ,'94. SOPHROL^LIA. (Sophronitis X Lselia.) laeta(Ll. pumilaDayana ? X Sphr. grandiflora). Veitch, Chelsea. RHS., Oct. 9/94. fg. G. Oh., Oct. 20/94. SOPHROLEYA. (Sophronitis X Cattleya.) Batemaniana (Sphr. grandiflora ? X Ct. intermedia), syn. LI. Batemaniana Hort., Veitch. Seden, for Veitch. Named after James Bateman. G. Ch.,Aug. 28, '86. fg. V. M., 1887; sown June, '81, flowered Aug., '86. Calypso (Sphr. grandiflora $ X Ct. Loddigesii Harriso- niana). Seden, for Veitch. G. Ch., Nov. 22, '90. Raised in about 15 years' time. Also sdlgs. of same parentage under raising by Burberry, for Chamberlain, Birmingham. G. Ch., Dec. 16/93. eximia (Ct. Bowringiana $ X Sphr. grandiflora). Veitch. RHS., Sept. 24, '94, fg. Jrl. Hrt., Oct. 4, '94. Gd. Mg.,Feb. 9, '95, SOBRALEYA THUNIA. 243 ? (Sphr. grandiflora X Ct. guttata Leopold!). Sdlgs. with Charlesworth, Bradford. O. R., July, '94. ? (Sphr. grandiflora X Ct. labiata). Sdlgs. with Charlesworth, Bradford. 0. R., July, '94. ? (Sphr. grandiflora X Ct. Trianse). With Schroeder, Egham. Mentioned G. Ch., Nov. 24, '88. SOPHROVOLA. (Sophronitis X Brassavola.) ? (Sphr. grandiflora X Brsvl. glauca). Raised by Osborne, for Buchan, Southampton (sold afterwards to Sander, St. Albans). Gdn., Sept. 6, '90. STANHOPEA. Bellaerensis (insigneXoculata). Maiitin, Olivet, Orleans. Crossed April, '80; sown April, '89; flowered first June, '91. Soc. Natl. Hort. de France. July, '95. Spindleriana Krzl. (oculata X tigrina). Weber, for Spindler, Berlin. Gf., Dec., '90. Rv. Hrt.,'91, p. 39. THUNIA. Brymeriana. Sander. Mentioned G. Ch., July 2, '92. magnifica (Brymeriana ? X Bensonise). Sander, St. Albans. RHS., June 11, '95. Exhbtd. as Veitchiana magnified . superba (Veitchiana x X Bensonia?). Veitch, Chelsea. RHS., July 10, '94. v~ syn. Veitchiana superba. Veitchiana Rchb. f. (Marshalliana ? X Bensonise). Seden, for Veitch. G. Ch., June 27, '85. fg. 0. A., t. 326. Raised at same time and exhibited at same date also as T. Wrigleyana, by Geo. Toll, Manchester. This plant was raised by Gordon, for Wrigley, Broad Oaks, Burry. 244 LIST OF HYBRIDS. Also raised by Winn, Birmingham. 0. R., Sept., '94. (0. R., July, '95, prints Marshallice.) VANDA. Miss Joaquim Ridley (Hookerae x teres). G. Ch., June 24, '93. Miss Joaquim, Singapore. Charlesworthii nat. hyb. (ccerulea X Beiisoni). Exhib- ited at Manchester Show, May 11, '94. 0. R., Nov. r '94. Charlesworth, Bradford. ZYGOCIDIUM. (Zygopetalum X Oncidium.) (Zygopetalum Mackayi X Oncidium tigrinum.) Sdlgs/ raised by F. D. Homer. Gdn., Nov. 2, '89. ZYGODENDRUM. (Zygopetalum X Epidendrum.) (Zygopetalum Mackayi X Epidendrum ciliare.) Sdlgs. raised by F. D. Homer. Gdn., Nov. 2, '89. ZYGOLAX. (Zygopetalum X Colax.) leopardinus Rchb. f . (Zgp. maxillare ? X Colax jugosus). Seden, for Veitch. G. Ch., '86, i, p. 199. Veitchii Rchb. f. (Zgp. crinitum ? X Colax jugosus), Veitch. G. Ch., March 26, '87. fg. Jrl. Linn. Soc., xxiv, p. 170. Jrl. Hrt., Feb. 2, '93. V. M., '93. Sown Sept., '82; flowered March, '87. ZYGOPETALUM. ClayiRchb. f. (crinitum ? X maxillare). Clay, Birken- head. G. Ch., '77, ii, p. 684. fg. 0. A., t. 50. var. crinito-maxillare. (maxillare ? ). Hill, for Rothschild, Tring. RHS., July 10, '90. A nat. hyb. said to be from same origin exhibited by Eley, Hatcham, at RHS., March 26, '89. ZYGOPETALUM. 245 leucochilum. 0. R., Dec., '93, states (Mackayi ? X Burkei). Veitch in litt., Feb. 24, '93, writes syn. Burkei. Murrayanum Gardner. Said to be a nat. hyb. Sent by Gardner from Brazil. Appeared 1839. fg. Bot. Mag., t. 3674. Sedenii Rchb. f. (maxillare ? X Mackayi). Sedeii, for Veitch. G. Ch., 1874, p. 290. fg. V. M., '93. Jrl. Hrt., May 11, '93. var. pentachromum Rchb. f. (Mackayi ? ). Seden, for Veitch. G. Ch., April 25, '85. Sown 1876; flowered first 1885. FIRST SUPPLEMENT; RECORDING ADDITIONS TO LIST OF HYBRIDS PUBLISHED UP TO OCTOBER 15, 1895. While the printing of this book was proceeding, every- thing new and appertaining was inserted in proper place, as far as such course could be pursued. The remaining additions are offered in this first supplement. I note again that the pages listing the new and corrected hybrids might be cut into pieces and attached to strips, which have to be provided for by the binder when ar- ranging pages 80 to 245. As need makes itself felt, I will publish further supplements. Hybrids which display characters of but one of their parents in more or less prominence, have been attract- ing attention and causing discussions for quite a time past. We have analogies in our home-life, and are thus prepared to look upon them with interest only, not with astonishment. I resume: Oypripedium Ashworthice, "apparently identical with Leeanum." (Godefroym X niveum) gave a multitude of seedlings resembling related species. Leeanum " revert- ing to Spicerianum." Marshallianum " seedlings gave poor venustums." Tautzianum "with no trace of 248 LIST OF HYBRIDS. Cysepedium- crosses evidently refuse to combine the characters of their parents. Dendrobium (nobile Cooksonianum )< nobile nobilius) 11 producing ordinary forms of nobile." Sibyl "with no trace of bigibbum." Epidendrum O'Brieniaiium lt reverting to Epd. evec- tum." Epiphronitis Veitchii with " no trace of Sophronitis." Odopetalum, raised so far, turned out to be forms of Zgp. Mackayi. Sdenipedium pulchellum "resembling leucorrho- dum." Porphyreum and albidulum from the same cross. Sedeniij resembling longifolium Roezlii (see page 77.) See also remarks on page 19. Who is the first to introduce the blood of the wild decideous Cypripedia into our race of hybrids? Would not Cpd. spectabile with its vigorous nature, its stately habit and its lovely bloom reward the hybridizer beyond expectation? An entirely new race of Lady-slippers should be raised with these species, neglected so far. Corrections in nomenclature were called for in two more instances. Cypripedium Romulus had been estab- lished previous to the naming of Grey's hybrid of that name. I substitute " Remus. "Thunia Veitchiana mag- nifica, as exhibited of Sander-origin, has nothing to do with Veitchiana, and is registered as magnifies. FIRST SUPPLEMENT. 249 Put Cpd. insigne Chantini instead of Chantinii on pp. 16 and 64. CATL^ELIA. syn.: Fortuna Miss Harris. Hardyana callistoglossa. Parisiana Miss Harris. key: Ct. bicolor X Ctl. elegans Aiidreana. X LI. xanthina Elstead Gem. Ct. Gaskelliana X LI. pumila Eunomia. Ct. maxima X Ctl. elegans Charles Darwin. Ct. Trianae X Ctl. Schilleriana D. S. Brown. add: Ct. Mastersonise x (Loddigesii X labiata). X LI. pumila Isis. LI. pumila X Ct. Gaskelliana Eunomia. X Ct. Mastersoniae x Isis. LI. xanthina X Ct. bicolor Elstead Gem. Ctl. elegans X Ct. bicolor Andreana. X Ct. maxima Charles Darwin. X Ct. superba Sedenii. Ctl. Schilleriana X Ct. Trianse D. S. Brown. Andreana (Ct. bicolor X Ctl. elegans). Maron, for Four- nier, Marseilles. Kev. Hrt., Sept. 1, '95. Sown 1890 (fide G. Oh., Sept. 14, '95, page 292). Sown 1880 (fide 0. K., Oct., '95). Aphrodite (Ct. Mendelii ? X LI. purpurata). Arthuriana. Only two plants in existance. Catlg. of sale at The Firs, Lawrie Park, Sydenham, Oct. 16/95. callistoglossa var. Hardyana (Ct. Warscewiczii ? ). Staf- ford, for Hardy, Aston-on-Mersey. RHS., Aug. 27, '95. Canhamiana syn. MarrioMii. Marriott, Blandford. C. G. Roebling (LI. purpurata alba ? X Ct. Gaskelliana). fg. Gard. Mag., Aug. 10, '95. FIRST SUPPLEMENT. 250 Charles Darwin (Ctl. elegans Turner! Elsteadiana X Ct. maxima). Bond, for Ingram, Godalming. RHS.,. Aug. 27, '95. fg. Jrl. Hrt., Aug. 29, '95. Clonia. fg. Gard. Mag., Sept. 21, '95. G. Ch., Oct. 12,. '95. Digbyano-Mossiae. fg., G. Ch., Aug. 10, '95. D. S. Brown (Ct. Trianse ? xCtl. Schilleriana). Sander,. St. Albans. RHS., July 9, '95. Also under raising with Lawrence, Dorking. 0. R., Jan., '93. elegans var. Owenice. Fide O. R., Oct., '95. With Stat- ter, Manchester. syn. LI. Owenice L. Lind. Described and figured in Ldn. t. 374, as sup. nat. hyb. (LI. Perrinii X CtL elegans). var. Wolstenholmice. See Ctl. Schilleriana. Elstead Gem. (Ct. bicolor $ XL1. xanthina). Bond, for Ingram, Godalming. RHS., Aug. 13, '95. Epicasta fg. Jrl. Hrt., April 25, '95. Grd. Mag., May 4, '95. Eunomia (LI. pumila Dayana ? X Ct. Gaskelliana). Veitch, Chelsea. RHS., Sept. 10, '95. eximia syn. Parisiana (Ct. Warneri magnifica) From Hye, Ghent, with Statter, Manchester. RHS., Oct. 15, '95. Gottoiana. RHS. mtg. Oct. 15, '95, report in G. Ch., substitutes wrongly Ct. labiata for Warneri. ? (Ct. Hardyana x ? X LI. Digty/ana). Hippolyta var. Phoebe fg. Rchbch., pt. 12, t. 93. Isis (LI. pumila ? X Ct. Mastersonise x). Veitch, Chel- sea, RHS., Oct. 15, '95. Marriottia?ia FIRST SUPPLEMENT. 251 Miss Harris syn. Fortuna (Ctl. Schilleriana [syn. Ctl. elegans alba Hort.]). RHS., Oct. 15, '95. Veitch, Chelsea. Owenii. See elegans var. Owenise. First Supplement. Schilleriana var. delicata. With Measures, Streatham. 0. R., Aug., '95. CATTLEYA. key: tricolor X Bowriiigiana X intermedia Batalini (eliminate). Bowringiana X bicolor Dowiana X Skinneri Rosita. Forbesii X velutina Juno, guttata X Hardyana x Fowleri. intermedia X bicolor Batalini (eliminate). Lueddemanniana X velutina Miss Measures. Mossise X Walkeriana Eros. add: Skinneri Lindl. X Dowiana Rosita. Walkeriana X Mossise Eros. add: velutina Rchb. f. X Forbesii Juno. X Lueddemanniana Miss Meas- ures. Hardyana x X guttata Fowleri. Schilleriana x x Warscewiczii Batalini. Not of hybrid origin. Fide 0. R., Aug., '95. ? (Bowringiana X bicolor). Under raising with Mead, Oviedo, Fla. 0. R., Sept., '95. Eros. (Mossise $ X Walkeriana). .Veitch, Chelsea. RHS., Aug. 13, '95. Fowleri (guttata Leopoldi ? X Hardyana x). Sander, St. Albans. RHS., Aug. 13, '95. fg. G. Ch., Aug. 31, '95. Hardyana fg. Grd. Wrld. May 11, '95. var. Leopold II. fg. Ldn., t. 479. (In G. Ch., Sept. 21, '95, wrongly given as a var. of Warscewiczii.) FIRST SUPPLEMENT. 252 Juno (Forbesii X velutiria). Clinkaberry, for Roebling, Trenton. G. Ch., Aug. 3, '95. In flower June, '95. Macaenas ? . With Statter, Manchester. G. Ch., Oct. 19, '95. Mantini (Dowiana ? ). Veitch, Chelsea. RHS., Oct. 15, '95. Minucia var. Ashtoniana (Loddigesii Harrisoniana $ ). Miss Measures (Lueddemanniana ? Xvelutina). Sander, St.Albans. RHS., July 9, '95. Rosita sup. nat. hyb. (Dowiana X Skinneri). 2 plants at Proth. & Morris' sale, July 19, '95. velutina. 0. R., Aug., '95, rejects the supposition of its hybrid origin. ? ( Warscewiczii X Schilleriana x ). Under raising with Mead, Oviedo, Fla. 0. R., Sept., '95. CYPRIPEDIUM. Synonyms : Andronicus W. R. Lee. Lord Derby W. R. Lee. Aubigine. Misprint for Metis Priapus. Antigone? pendulum Bryani. Bolerlserianum Harrisi- robustum Loochristya- anum. num. Bragaianum Germin^/a- Romulus Grey Remus. num. Tautziaiiurn Crossianum. cilio-viliosum Pygmalion tonso-venustum Polyphe- Cycnides William Lloyd. mus. G. H. Rogers Thortoni. tonso-villosum Theodore hybridum Carnusianum, Bullier. euryaridrum, Harrisia- Vigerianum Ministre A. num. Viger. Krausianum Malyanum. Wallcertianum Williamsi- Littleanum Swanianum anum. (eliminate). FIRST SUPPLEMENT. 253 Species used in crossing: Boxalli Rchb. f. See also page 184. Bullenianum X pur'puratum Remus. ciliolare X Philippinense Alfred Hollington. Dayanum X Lawrenceanum Littleaiium. X superciliare x Mons. Coffinet. Haynaldianum X Can ham x I no. X Philippinense Lebaudyanum. hirsutissimum X barbatum porph^/rochlamys. insigne X Javanicum Javanico-insigne (not Vibilia). X Javanico-superbiens x Vibilia. X Siamense x Reginaldianum. Javanicum X insigne Javanico-insigne (not Vibilia). Lawrenceanum x Dayanum Littleanum. Lowii X niveum niveo-Lowii. niveum x Harrisianuin x Marwood^. Philippinense X Haynaldianum Lebaudyanum. purpuratum X Ashburtoniee x Atropos. X Bullenianum Remus. Sanderianum X selligerum x Sanderi-selligerurn. Spicerianum x Siamense x superbiens (superciliare ?) X Swanianum x Hecla. villosum X Morgania? x Frederico Nobile. Ashburtoniae x x purpuratum Atropos. Canham x x Haynaldianum Ino. Harrisianum x x niveum Marwoodi. lo x X Youngianum x Frau Ida Brandt. Javanico-superbiens x x insigne Vibilia. selligerum x X Sanderianum Sanderi-selligerum. X Spicerianum Lynchianum. Siamense x x Spicerianum Lynchianum (eliminate). superciliare x x Dayanum Mons. Coffinet. superciliare x (superbiens ?) X Swanianum x Hecla. Swanianum x X superciliare x (superbiens ?) Hecla. add: Youngianum (superbiens X Philippinense) Xlo x Frau Ida Brandt. FIRST SUPPLEMENT. 254 A. de Lairesse (Curtisii ? X RothschiZdianum). Alfred Bleu (ciliolare $ X insigne ChaTitini). Alfred Hollington (ciliolare X Philippinense). RHS., Oct. 15, '95. Ayling, for Hollington, Enfield. Allanianum. Named after Allan, Boston. Aubigene ( ? ) Lee's sale (Manchester), Sept. 24, '95. (G. Ch., Sept. 28, '95, page 365.) Perhaps misprint for Antigone. Annie Measures. See William Lloyd var. Cycnides. Ashburtoniae. Also raised by Poyntz, for Young, Liver- pool. 0. R., Oct., '95. Atropos (Ashburtonise expansum x $ X purpuratum), Poyntz, for Young, Liverpool. 0. R., Oct., '95. Sown Dec., '91; sdlgs. appeared April, '93; first flower Oct. '95. aureum. Sdlgs. of (Spicerianum X nitens Salh'eri Hyeanum). Brunianum. Exhbt. by Williams, Upper Holloway. Bryant var. pendulum (Argus Moensii $ ). Heath, Cheltenham. RHS., Aug. 13, '95. calophyllum, meirax (0. A., t. 95). Carnusianum. Also with (Haynaldianum $ ) by Veitch, Chelsea. RHS., July 23, '95. Report in G. Ch. of RHS. intg. Sept. 10, '95, states wrongly (Spiceria- num ? ). Charles Rickman. fg. Rev. Hrt., May, '95. conco-Lawre. fg. 0. A., t. 506. Crossianum var. Tautzianum Rchb. f. G. Ch., Jan. 12, '89. excellens (Rothschildianum ? X Harris^anum x). Germinyanum syn. Roberti. Reverse of Germinyanum. FIRST SUPPLEMENT. 255 Harrisianum. syn. Lobengula. Belongs not here, but to Williamsianum. Fide 0. R., April, '94. A yellow form sold at Proth. & Morris' sale Aug. 9, '95. syn. Bolerlcerianum (Harrisianum Dauthieri x X Harrisianum x). Flor Pauwels, Deurne. Antwerp Show Sept. 22, '95. var. apiculatum. Springfield var. Palmer, Spring- field. RHS., Aug. 25, '91. Javanico-insigne (Javanicum ? ). Pitcher & Manda, Shorthills, 1893. Josephianum (Druryi ? X Javanico-superbiens x). Kimballianum. Statement with fig. in G. Ch., June 29, '95, is correct, though at that place is not mentioned that it is a nat. hyb. Statement of 0. R., Aug. '95, that it be syn. Cpd. prsestans, retracted in 0. R., Sept. '95. Lathamianum. Also raised by Veitch, Chelsea. RHS., Feb. 11, '90. Lebaud^/anum. Littleanum Rolfe nat. hyb. ? (Lawrenceanum X Day- anum). Little, Twickenham. 0. R., July, '95, fg. Such nat. hyb. was in cultivation at Sander & Co., St. Albans, in 1887, a water coloring of which I took at the time. Loochrist;yanum. luridum var. Thayerianum. syn. Whitelyanum (v. Box- alli atratum $ ). Cliffe, for Shaw, Aston-uiider-Lyne. RHS., Sept. 10, '95. Note in G. & F., Nov. 23, '92: " luridum grandiflo- rum, largest of the Harrisianum section, and one of Pitcher & Manda's crosses between that species and auroreum x," is based upon wrong supposition. FIRST SUPPLEMENT. 25(> Malyanum. syn. Krausianum. Am. Grdg., March 23, '95. Massaianum. See also W. R. Lee. Morganiae. syn. M. BurforcUense. Non Plus Ultra (?). At W. R. Lee's sale, Manches- ter, Sept. 24, '95. picturatum. Reported wrongly as (superbiens X Spicer- ianum) at G. Ch., Sept. 21, '95, p. 326, which would make it syn. Hornianum. Priapus var. Metis (villosum Boxalli ? X Philippinense). Veitch, Chelsea. RHS., Sept. 10, '95. Ridolfianum (Williamsianum Wall?rtianum). DENDROBIUM Desdemona. Hybrid? Lee's sale,. Manchester, Sept. 24, '95. Ddr. Gemma (aureum $ X superbum Huttonii). Ddr. Statterianum. With Statter, Manchester. DISA Kewensis. G. Ch., Sept. 7, '95, gives wrongly D. uniflora instead of D. grandiflora as seed bearing parent. EPIL^LIA ? (LI. flava X Epd. fragrans). Sdlgs. under raising with Mead, Oviedo, Fla. 0. R., Sept., '95. EPILEYA ? (Epd. fragransxCt. Skinneri). Sdlgs. under raising with Mead, Oviedo, Fla. O. R. r Sept. ,'95. Epl. ? (Epd. nocturnum X Ct. Bowringiana). Sdlgs. under raising with Mead, Oviedo, Fla. 0. R.,, Sept., '95. L^ELIA. Key of species employed, eliminate: Perrinii Lindl. X?. Owenise. FIRST SUPPLEMENT. 257 LI. Crawshayana var. leucoptera. See leucoptera. LI. Owenise. See Ctl. elegans Owenise in first supple- ment. ODONTOGLOSSUM Coradinei var. grandiflorum; fide Rolfe, O.K., Sept., '93. Od. excellens Harvengtense . Sometimes wrongly given as (crispumXsceptrum); fide 0. R., April, '94. It is a nat. hyb., and not artificially raised as stated G.Ch., Sept. 21, '95, page 335. Od. lanceans Andersonianum . Rchbch. ser. 1, i, page 82. 0. A.,t. 35. Od. lanceans cuspidatum xanthoglossum. G. Ch., '88, ii, p. 91. Od. Galeo^ianum. Od. artificially raised hybrids. About 1,000 seedlings, " all thriving young plants,'' at the L'Horticulture Internationale, Brussels. G. Ch., Oct. 5, '95. OF THB UNIVERSITY THE ORCHID HYBRIDS Enumeration and classification of all Orchid Hybrids described up to Oct. I5th, 1895. 257 pp., royal octavo. Supplements published as required. Price, by registered mail $2.50 Including Supplements $3.00 BERKELEY, CAL., July ist, 1897, I herewith beg to announce the issue of the ...Second Supplement... to my Monograph : "the Orchid fiybrHls" Registering every hybrid orchid raised in the period from October I5th, 1895, to April ist, 1897. Pages 2 57 to 333 (connecting with the original volume), royal octavo. Forwarded upon receipt of sixty-five cents in money order or American stamps. Value : Bnglish, 2/6 ; German, M. 2.50; French, fr. 3.25. Address all communications to CEO. HANSEN LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT SCENIC TRACT BERKELEY, CAL. WHAT SOflE READERS SAID Mrs. F. L. AMES, North Easton : " I am pleased to have your valuable book." W. M. APPLETON, Esq., Westou-super-Mare : " Your book will be very useful to me ; will be pleased to have supplements when published." Major-General EMERIC S. BERKELKY, Southampton: "I much admire the energy shown in your compilation." J. BRADSHAW, Esq., Southgate, London, N. : " It is certainly a capital book for refer- ence." W. BULL, Esq., Chelsea, London : "The amount of labor involved must have been enormous. Please accept my congratulations." Right Hon. J. CHAMBERLAIN, Birmingham : " It is likely to be both useful and inter- esting to all orchid growers." WALTER C. CLARK, Esq., Liverpool : " It has given me great pleasure, and will be most useful, especially if you continue to issue supplements." MALCOLM STUART COOKE, Esq., Kingston Hill : " It is a very useful work." ERASTUS CORNING, Esq., Albany : " I am much pleased with the book." J. GURNEY FOWLER, Esq., S. Woodford : "Your book fills a great want in orchid literature." Capt. T. C. HINCKS, Richmond: " I am pleased with your book." H. H. HUNNEWELL, Esq., Wellesley : " It will afford me much pleasure and profit." A. VAN IMSCHOOT, Esq., Gand : " Je vous offri tous mes compliments pour 1'ouvrage, qui est fait serieusement et trs complet." Curator W. B. LATHAM, Edgbaston : "I must congratulate you on being the first to attempt such a work." W. L. L/EWIS & Co., Southgate : " We are sure it will prove most useful as a book of reference, and a book that should be in the hands of all those interested in hybrid orchids. * * * \ye congratulate you upon your work, which is very cheap indeed at the price." Sir WILLIAM MARRIOTT, Blandford : "I have read your book with a great deal of interest. What a lot of trouble and pains you have taken with it." T. L. MEAD, Esq., Oviedo, Fla. : "The catalogue part of your book is certainly a monumental work, and with the promised supplement will be simply invaluable and in- dispensable to every hybridizer who wishes to work intelligently." R. H. MEASURES, Esq., Stretham : " Your ' Orchid Hybrids ' is a very hand} 1 - and con - cise book of reference, and should be welcome to all lovers of orchid culture. * * * I am sure such a publication deserves to succeed." JAMES R. PITCHER, Esq.. Shorthills, N. J. : "You have prepared your book with great care and correctness ; it should have a large sale. The dedication of the book itself is a classic in its way. I found it of such absorbing interest, that I did not lay it down until I had finished reading the entire book." Mons. En. PYN^ERT, Gand : " Je vous remercie infinement pour votre ouvrage." C. G. ROZBLING, Esq , Trenton, N. J. : "I have read it with considerable interest and it undoubtedly fills a long felt want." Mrs. JANET Ross, Poggio Gherardo, Italy : " Mr. Ross, I am sure, will be interested in your book." J. E. ROTHWELL, Esq., Brookline, Mass. : " I trust that you will keep up your work as it is a valuable aid to us, and encourages painstaking and interest in the subject." Sir HENRY SCHROSDER, Egham : " I am perusing your book with much interest." EDWARD G. UIHLEIN, Esq.', Chicago : " I wish you good success with your publica- tion." Messrs. JAMES VEITCH & SON, Chelsea : " We shall warmly recommend your book." Mons. CH. VUYLSTEKE, Loochristi : " Je trouve votre ouvrage sur les Orchides tres interessant." Mr. ALEX. WRIGHT, London (South Norwood Hill) : "I have enjoyed the reading of it. Your classification may be a little too far in advance for some ; but I think you are on the right road, and it must be adopted sooner or later. No one can, on reading your book, but admire the perseverance and interest you have taken in your work." REGINALD YOUNG, Esq., Liverpool : " I may at once congratulate you on having ac- complished a very arduous task." EXSICCAT/e OF THE flora of the Sequoia Gigamca Region Sets of about 1500 species. More than 30 Novitates. Price, $7.00 per century. Desiderata to any amount or of any number. 10 cents the specimen if less than one century. SUBSCRIBERS FOR MY SKTS ARE UNITED STATES Shaw Bot. Gardens, St. Louis, Mo.; Iceland Stanford Jr. University, Cali- fornia ; Arnold Arboretum, Jamaica Plain, Mass. GERMANY Kgl. Bot. Museum, Berlin; Kgl. Bot. Museum, Breslau ; Prof. Haussknecht, Weimar. SWITZERLAND Herbier Boissier, Chambsy ; Herbier Delesset, Geneve. ENGLAND Royal Bot. Gardens, Kew ; Museum of Natural History, South Kensington, London. FRANCE Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris. RUSSIA Imp. Bot. Gardens. St. Petersburg. AUSTRIA Kgl. Bot. Museum, Wien. HUNGARY Prof. Richter Lajos, Budapest. ITALY Institute Botanico Hanbury, Genova. WHAT SOrtE SUBSCRIBERS HAD TO SAY ABOUT THEH Dr. JOHN HKNDLEY BARNHART, Tarrytown, N. Y. : "They are perfectly satisfactory in every respect." Prof. A. BATALIN, Dir. Bot. Gard., St. Petersburg: " I express my satisfaction with the excellent manner of preparation and state of preservation of your herbar collection." Prof. CHARLES F,. BESSEY, Lincoln, Neb. : " Your specimens are very fine." Prof. Dr. K. FRITSCII, Dir. Herbarium, K. K. Universitaet, Wien : " Ihre Pflanzensen dung ist sehr reichhaltig und hochinteressant Ich kann Ihre Pflanzen ruehmend erwaehnen." Prof. JOHN Mum, Martinez, Cal. : "I find them satisfactory in every way ; I never saw better specimens or any more neatly and carefully packed." Prof. F. PAX, Dir. Bot. Garden, Breslau: "Ich finde, dass Ihre Pflanzen recht gut prsepariert sind. " Dr. GEORGE T. STEVENS, of New York (in a letter to Dr. Owen Buckland, San Fran- cisco) : "I have never seen anything like those specimens. The original green of the leaves and the fresh tints of the flowers make them look as though they were just taken from the field." Prof. J. URBAN, Dir. Bot Museum, Berlin: " Wir haben Ihre Pflanzensendung aus- gelegt, und sind von ihr, was Preparation und Vollstsendigkeit aubetriffl, ganz zufrieden." " Where the Big trees Grow " Description of the flora in the Sequoia Gigantea region, from the travels of a collector in the Sierra Nevada 50 cents Prof. WALTER DKANE, Cambridge, Mass. : " I reTd it with much interest and profit. I enjoy your style, so different from most sketches of the sort." ARTHUR McEwEN's LETTER, San Francisco : " It is one of the most delightful mix- tures of sentiment and scholarship that could be written. The University of California certainly has in Mr. Geo. Hansen a man who is an enthusiast in his work." $CiCtttifiC DftllVittgS of the highest merit, in pencil, ink or color. Prof. GEO. DAVIDSON, San Francisco Capt. JAMES M. MCDONALD, San Francisco BRITISH MUSEUM, South Kensington, Condon MAXWELL T. MASTERS, M. D., F. R S., Haling, Condon THE ORCHID HYBRIDS HANSEN SHCOND SUPPLEMENT Issued May i, 1897 THE ORCHID HYBRIDS SECOND SUPPLEMENT. Recording knowledge gained about Orchid Hybrids in the period from Oct. 15, 1895, to April 1, 1897- ISSUED MAY 7, 1897. GEO. HANSEN, Landscape Architect, SCENIC TRACT, BERKELEY, CAL. INTRODUCTORY. Many thanks to all those friends of our orchids who have given me the consideration of a critic. Whether friendly to my ideas or unpleasantly touched by some of rny pas- sages, they are welcome alike as long as they accorded me justice in dealing with my views as sincere. My expression of high regard also to all those orchidol- ogists who have added so extensively to our knowledge about hybrids during the past year. Prof. R. A. Rolfe, through the Orchid Review, our organ, has been foremost in bringing clearness into many difficult and obscure matters. I have distributed to their proper places all that information given to us about Cypripedium Petri, virens, Siamense, Ap- pletonianum. The positiveness about the Cattleyas in regard to their standing as species, and the last lot of Hybrid Odon- toglossa, caused me to rearrange the synonymy in numerous cases. Mr. T. L. Mead, of Oviedo, Fla., Mr. Reginald Young, of Fringilla, Sefton Park, and Mr. T. W. Swinburne, Corn- dean Hall, Winchcombe, the Champion of our Cysepedia, deserve special mention for their varied and successful efforts. Messrs. Veitch and Mr. Norman C. Cookson, through his gar- dener, Wm. Murray, and Mr. C. L. N. Ingram, through Mr. T. W. Bond, have been the most successful contributors to the list of hybrids. The consequent extension of our knowledge has forced me to rearrange many hybrids, their parents having acquired independent places as species. This gives new keys to the crosses raised with Lselia Dayana and LI. pumila, with Cat- tleya amethystoglossa and Harrisoniana. Some of this information was published while the print of my volume was under way, too late to give room to the needed correc- (iii) IV INTRODUCTORY. tions. Cypripedium Boxalli, considered once, even by Mr. Rolfe, nothing but a variety of Cpd. villosum,* is now accepted as a ladyslipper sufficiently distinct to admit the crosses raised with it independently into our nomenclature, and I give a new key to Boxalli as well as villosum. I ask the forbearance of my readers for the delay in the issue of the second supplement, brought about through a change of residence. I print the matter on one side only, to enable those desiring such an opportunity to insert these pages on fly-leaves in the volume first published. Of new abbreviations I use: Bhf. Dct. for E. Bohnhof, Dictionaire des Orchidees Hy- brides. Chrlw. Ctlg. for Charlesworth & Co.'s catalogue, 1895. I repeat that all citations about orchids exhibited at the Royal Hort. Soc., London, are taken from the columns of Gardeners' Chronicle. If from any other journal, abbrevia- tions used for them are added in parentheses, viz., "RHS. (Gdn.)," or "RHS. (0. R.)," for the reports in the Garden or Orchid Review. GEO. HANSEN, Berkeley, CaL, Feb. 20, 1897. *See 0. R., Sept, ; 94, p. 269. CALANTHE. albata (veratrifolia 9 x Cooksoni x). Sander, St. Albans. RHS. Nov. 10, '96. See 0. R., Jan., '97, p. 10. syn. Novelty. Sander, 1896. G. CIi., Jan. 9, '97, p. 16, - col. b. Sedennii var. bella. syn. Harrisii (vestita Turner! X Veitcliii x). Veiteb- ' Chelsea. RHS., Dec. 10, '95. vestita Darbleyana var. gigas. fg. Jrl. Hrt,, Jan. 9, '96. CATASETUM. SplendetlS var. imperiale. fg. Grd. Mag., Jan. 25, '96. var semiroseam Beck. fg. Wienr. 111. Grt. Ztg., Dec., '9<>, p 423. See G. Ch. Jan. 23, '97, p. 54. var. Worthingtonianum. 0. R., Nov., '95 p. 336. Worth - ington, Whalley Range, Manchester. CATL^ELIA. Synonyms. Apollonia Sir William In- Hardyana callistoglossa. grain. ignescens callistoglossa. Corbeillense, Corbnlliense illuminata bella. Vedasti. Lady Brougham Albanen- Darwiniana Charles D a r- sis. win. Leroy ana callistoglossa. Diana Novelty. Ludovici Krsenzlinii. Elsteadensis Elstead Gem. Normani Clive. Eudora Aphrodite. Othello Charles Darwin. Euphrosyne Epicasta. Parisiana eximia (not Miss Fortuna Miss Harris. Harris). Gazelle Andreana. Pytlio Zenobia. (258) CATL^LIA. 259 regalis Aphrodite. Regina Cicero. Stan ley ensis Ingramii. Thetis Cassiope. Cattleya species Ct amethystoglossa Lind. & Rchb. f. LI. cinnabarina " grand is Pittiana. " harpophylla-Ghislainias. Ct Bowringiana Veitch. LI. Da van a Meteor. " auturanalis Belairensis. " pumila Parysatis. " purpurata Ctl. Dormaniana Firefly. " elegans Tiresias. Ct. citrina Lindl. Ctl. elegans Seraph. Ct. dolosa Rchb. f LI. Dayana Maynardii. Ct. Dowiana Batmn. LI. Dayana Ingramii. " pumila Clive (not In- gramii). " purpurata Sir William Ingram. Ctl. elegans Berth e F o u r- nier. Ct. Gaskelliana Sndr. Ll. crispa Bryan. " Dayana (not pumila) Eunomia. " Perrinii Semiramis. T. W. Bond bella. Violetta C. G. Roebling. vitellina Doris. Xantho Doris. used in crossing. Ct. guttata Lindl. Ll. cinnabarina* eliminate. " grandis Pittiana elimi- nate. Ct. Harrisoniana Batmn Ll. tenebrosa Ct. intermedia Graham. Ll. flava intermedio-flava. Ctl. elegans Cicero. Ct. labiata Lindl. Ctl. elegans Schulzeana. Ct. Lawrenceana Rchb. f. Ll. cinnabarina Highburi- ensis. " Perrinii Minerva. Ct Loddigesii Lindl. Ll. Dayana Aurora. " pumila Vedasti (not Aurora). " purpurata Sallieri. Ct. Lueddemanniana Rchb. f Ll. Dayana (not pumila) Timora. Ct. Mendelii Hort. Backh. Ll. crispa Ct. maxim Lindl. Ll. xanthina Zephyra, Ctl. exoniensis CATL^LIA. 260 Ct. Percivaliana Rchb. f. LI. Perrinii Honiere. " purpurata Electra. Ctl. elegans Venus. Ct. Trianae Ducharter. Ctl. Dominiana Rosalind. Ct. velutina Rchb. f. LI. Dayana (not pumila) Proserpina. Laslia species LI. autumnalis Lindl. Ct. Bowringiana Belairen- sis. LI. cinnabarina Lindl. Ct. amethystoglossa (not gut- tata) Ct. Lawrenceana Highburi- ensis. LI. crispa Rchb. f. Ct. Gaskelliana Bryan. " Mendelii LI. Dayana Rchb. f. Ct. Bowringiana Meteor. " dolosa Maynardii. " Dowiana Ingramii. " Gaskelliana Eunomia. " Loddigesii Aurora. "" Lueddemanniana Ti- inora. " velutina Proserpina. LI. flava Lindl. intermedia i n t e r m e d i o- flava. Ctl . elegans velutino - e 1 e- gans. Ct. Walkeriana Gardn. LI. pumila Maynardii elim- inate. Ct. Warscewiczii Rchb. f. LI. Perrinii Lady Roth- schild. in crossing. LI. grandis Lindl. Ct. amethystoglossa (not gut- tata) Pittiana. LI. harpophylla Rchb. f. Ct. amethystoglossa G h i s- lainise. LI. Perrinii Lindl. Ct. Gaskelliana Semi ram is. " Lawrenceana Minerva. " Percivaliana Homere. " Warsc e w i c z i i L a d y Rothschild. LI. pumila Rchb. f. Ct. Dowiana Clive (not In- gramii). " Gaskelliana Eu n o m i a elim nate. " Loddigessi Vedasti (not Aurora). " Lueddemanniana Ti- mora eliminate. " MarstersoniaB x Isis. " Walkeriana Maynardii eliminate. CATL^ELIA. 261 LI. purpurata Lindl. Ct. Loddigesii Sallieri. Ct. Bowringiana " Percivaliana Electra. " Dowiana Sir William LI. tenebrosa. Ingram. Ct. Harrisoniana Catfsdia hybrids used in crossing. Ctl. Dominlana. Ct, intermedia Cicero. Ct. Triana) Rosalind. " labiata Schulzeana. Ctl. Dormaniana. ' maxima-Charles Dar- win. Ct. Bowringiana Firefly. Percivaliana Venus. Ctl elegans. " velutiua veluti no-ele- Ct. bicolor Andreana. S ans - " Bowringiana Tiresias. Ctl. CXOniensiS. " citrina Seraph. Ct. Mendelii. " Dowiana Berth e Four- LI. pumila Cassiope (not nier. Cassandra). CATL^ELIA. AlbanensiS. syn. Lady Brougham. Sander, St. Albans. RHS., Nov. 24, '96. amoena. See LI. juvenilis x. Andreana (Ct. bicolor ? x Ctl. elegans). Flowered Aug., '95. fg. Rv. Hrt., July 16, '96. var. Gazelle (Ctl. elegans Turned 9 x Ct. bicolor). G. Ch. misprints tricolor for bicolor. Bond, for Ingram, Godalming. RHS., Oct. 13 and 27, '96. Aphrodite (Ct. Mendelii 9 x LI. purpurata). Unnamed "(Ct. Mendelii x LI. purpurata); Jacob, 1894." Bhf. Dct. var. Eudora (LI. purpurata 9). Bond, for Ingram, Godal- ming. RHS., May 5, '96. syn. regaliS Raised by same party. RHS., June 9, '96. CATL.ELIA. 262 Aurora (LI. Dayana 9 x Ct. Loddigesii). syn. Blesensis, fg. 0. A. t. 519. Wrongly given as (Ct. Loddigesii x LI. pumila marginata) Bhf. Dct. Baroness Schroeder (Ct. Trianse 9 x LI. Jongheana). Behrensiana Bhf. Dct. gives wrongly Ctl. elegans instead of Schilleriana. B. inversa. Raised by Mantin, Olivet. RHS., Oct. 27, '96. BelairensiS (Ct. Bowringiana ? x LI. autumnalis). Mantin, Olivet. RHS., Oct. 27, 96. Berthe Fournier (Ctl. elegans x Ct. Dowiana aurea). Maron, for Fournier, Marseille. Flowered July, '96. In litt., Nov. 20, '96. foella- syn. ULuminata. Linden. Orcbdnn. Oct. 18, '96. var. Wellsiae syn. T. W. Bond. Bond for Ingrain, Godal- ming. RHS., Oct. 13, '96. ? (Ct. Bowringiana 9 x LI. purpurata). Under raising. Mead, Oviedo. In litt., Oct. 12, '96. Bryan (Ct. Gaskelliana ? x LI. crispa). Murray, for Cook- son, Oakwood. RHS., Sept. 8, '96. 0. R., Oct., 96, p. 296. CallistOglOSSa var. Hardyana. syn. i'/nescens. Veitch, Chel- sea. RHS., Nov. 12/96. syn. Leroyana. Leroy, for Rothschild, Armandvilliers. Mtg. Nat. French Hort. Soc., March, '97. Canhamiana. syn. Aylingi (Ct. Mossise : LI. purpurata aurorea). Bhf. Dct. Sander, Temple Show, May 23, '94. Parentage doubtful. Also raised (LI. purpurata Schroederse x Ct. Mossiae aurea) by Maron, for Fournier, Marseille. Flowered May, '96. In litt.. Nov. 20, '96. CaSSiOpC- Bhf. Dct. gives LI. pumila prsestans. var. Thetis (Ctl. exoniensis >: LI. pumila). Lawrence, Dorking. RHS., March 10, '96 Gdn., March 14, '96, p. 201, col. c,. states LI. albo- marginata, CATLJSLIA. 263 C. G. Roebling. syn. Violetta (Ct. Gaskelliana ? x LL pur- purata). Veitch, Chelsea. RHS , Feb. 9, '97, O. R., March, '97, p. 94, reverses sexes. Charles Darwin, fg. Jrl. Hrt, Oct. 15, '96. fg., 69. syn. Darwiniana. 0. R., Oct., '95, p. 293. var. Othello (Ct. maxima Peruviana ? x Ctl. elegans Tur- neri). Bond, for Ingram, Godalming. RHS., Nov. 12, '95. Cicero (Ct. intermedia ? x Ctl. elegans Turneri). Bond, for Ingram, Godalming. RHS., Jan. 14, '96. syn. Regina. Bond, for Ingram, Godalming. RHS., Jan. " 12, '97. Clive (Ct. Dowiana ? x LI. pumila prsestans). Murray, for Cookson, Oakwood. RHS., Aug. 29, '93. fg. Grd. Mag. Sept. 26, '96, p. 657. syn. Normani. Bhf. Dct. syn. Broomfieldensis (Ct. Dowiana chrysotoxa). RHS., Aug. 14, '94. Hinds, for Wells, Broomfield. fg. G. Ch., Aug. 25, '94. Gd. Mag., Sept. 1, '94. Jrl. r:. Aug. 23, '94. Clonia. var. superba. fg. G. Ch., Oct. 12, '95. Also under raising with Denny, for Marriott, Blandford In litt, Jan 21, '96. ? (LI. crispa Buchaniana X Ct. Mendelii Duke of Marl- borough). Unflowered plant, Proth. & Morris sale, Nov. 23, '96. Deda. var. alba. fg. G. Ch., Feb. 20, '97, p. 121. DevoniensiS. syn. Devonia. Procd. RHS., iii., p. 372. Dominiana. Said to be ("LI. purpurata X Ct. Dominii"). G. Ch., Dec. 19, '96, p. 766, col. a. Doris, var. vitellina. Originally named Lselia vitellina. J. O'B. RHS., March 14, '93. Ballantine, for Schroeder, Egham. Evidently belonging here, and thus rearranged 0. R., May, '96, p. 149. CATL^ELIA. - 264 var. xatltho. " Reverse of original." Veitch, Chelsea, RHS., March 10, '96. ElCCtra (Ct, Perciyalina ? X LI. purpurata). Bond, for In- gram, Godalming. RHS., June 9, '96. elegans. var. Tumeri. fg. Gdn., May 23, '96, t. 1067. Elstead Gem. syn. Elsteadensis. 0. R., Oct., '95, p. 293. Epicasta. syn. Euphrosyne. Veitch, Chelsea. RHS., Oct 29, '96. ? (Ctl. exoniensis X Ct. Mendelii). Wells, Sale, Temple Show, May 21, '95 (report in Gdn., May, '95, p. 368, col. 2). Firefly (Ctl. Dormaniana ? X Ct. Bowringiana). Bond,, for Ingram, Godalming. RHS., Oct. 13, '96. Ghislainiae (LI. harpophylla ? X Ct. amethystoglossa). Im- schoot, Gand. Sown '89, one plant only. First hybrid Ctl. raised in Belgium. 0. R., Feb., '96, p. 39. Highburiensis (Ct. Lawrenceana $ X LI. cinnabarina). Bur- berry, for Chamberlain, Birmingham. RHS., April 7, '96. 0. R., June, '96, p. 187, states (LI. cinnabarina ?), as ex- . hibited by Statter, Manchester. RHS., May 5, '96. Also by Linden, Bruxelles. Stevens' sale, London, Xov/21, '95. Homere (LI. Perrinii X Ct. Percivaliana). Bond, for Ingram, Godalming. RHS., Nov. 10, '96. Ingramii (LI. Dayana [not pumila] ? X Ct. Dowiana aurea). fg. 0. R., Feb., '96, p. 49. syn. Stanley ensis. Johnson, for Statter, Manchester. " RHS., Oct., 27, '96. var. Clive. Eliminate entirely. intricata. Low, Clapton. Given as " sup. nat. hyb. (Ct. in- termedia X Ctl. elegans)." Bhf. Dct. I HO. Who knows record of such supposed Ctl.? Isis (LI. pumila ? X Ct. Marstersonise x). Kraenzlinii. syn. L