TC 824 AX LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS tx f 11-4- STATE OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES BULLETIN NO. 91-4 DATA ON WATER WELLS IN THE WILLOW SPRINGS, GLOSTER, AND CHAFFEE AREAS, KERN COUNTY, CALIFORNIA PREPARED BY UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY FEDERAL-STATE «i . CRSITY OF CALIFOI DAVIS COOPERATIVE GROUND WATER INVESTIGATIONS SEPTEMBER I960 JAN 13 1961 LIBRARY STATE OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES BULLETIN NO. 91-4 DATA ON WATER WELLS IN THE WILLOW SPRINGS, GLOSTER, AND CHAFFEE AREAS, KERN COUNTY, CALIFORNIA PREPARED BY UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY FEDERAL -STATE COOPERATIVE GROUND WATER INVESTIGATIONS SEPTEMBER .960 ^^ UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS This report is one of a series of open file reports prepared by the United States Department of interior Geological Survey, Ground Water Branch, which present basic data on wells obtained from reconnaissance surveys of desert areas. These investigations are conducted by the Geological Survey under a cooperative agree- ment whereby funds are furnished equally by the United States and the State of California. The reports in this Bulletin No. 91 series are being published by the Department of Water Resources in order to make sufficient copies available for use of all interested agencies and the public at large. 29617 11-60 400 SPO UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water Resources Division Ground Water Branch 2929 Fulton Avenue Sacramento 21, California September 15, i960 Mr. Harvey 0. Banks, Director California Department of Water Resources P. 0. Box 388 Sacramento 2, California Dear Mr. Banks: We have the pleasure to transmit herewith, for publication by the Department of Water Resources, U. S. Geological Survey report "Data on Water Wells in the Willow Springs, Gloster, and Chaffee Areas, Kern County, California," by Fred Kunkel and L. C. Dutcher. This investigation was conducted and the report prepared in accordance with the cooperative agreement between the State of California and the Geological Survey. This report, one of a series for the Mojave Desert region prepared by the Long Beach subdistrict office, tabulates all available data on wells in the areas and shows reconnaissance geology with special reference to the water-yielding deposits. Sincerely yours, Harry D. Wilson, Jr. District Engineer CONTENTS Page Purpose and scope of the work and report — — — ~ — 3 Location and general features of the areas 6 Previous investigations and acknowledgments 8 Geologic features of the area Hydrologic features of the area 12 Well -numbering system — — — — — — W- References cited — -— 16 ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1. Map of part of southern California showing area covered by this report — 86 2. Map of the Willow Springs, Gloster, and Chaffee areas, California In pocket TABLES Table 1. Descriptions of wells in the Willow Springs, Gloster, and Chaffee areas, California 17 2. Cross index of other well numbers and Geological Survey numbers — — — — — - — - — *+3 3. Records of water levels in wells — - — hk k. Logs of wells ^9 5. Chemical analyses of water from wells 76 DATA ON WATER WELLS IN THE WILLOW SPRINGS, GLOSTER, AND CHAFFEE AREAS, KERN COUNTY, CALIFORNIA By Fred Kunkel and L. C. Dutcher PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE WORK AND REPORT The data presented in this report were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in connection with an investigation of water wells and general hydrologic conditions throughout much of the desert region of southern California. The geologic mapping was financed by Federal funds for arid-regions studies, and the canvass of wells and compilation of data were financed under a cooperative agreement with the California Department of Water Resources. The desert regions of California are characterized by barren mountain ranges and isolated hills surrounding broad valleys, or basins, which are underlain by alluvial debris derived from the surrounding highlands. These basins generally contain ground water which has a wide range in chemical quality and which can be and in some areas has been developed for beneficial use. The general objective of the cooperative investigation is to collect and to tabulate all available hydrologic data for the indi- vidual desert basins in order to provide public agencies and the general public with data for use in planning water utilization and management and for use in subsequent ground -water investigations. Accordingly, the scope of the work carried out by the Geological Survey in each area has included (l) brief reconnaissance mapping of major geologic features to define the extent and general character of the deposits that contain the ground water; (2) visiting and ex- amining virtually all the water wells in the area; determining and recording their locations in relation to geographic and cultural features and the public-land net, wherever possible; and recording well depths and sizes, types and capacities of installed equipment, uses of the water, and other pertinent information available at the well site; (3) measurement of the depth to the water surface below an established and described measuring point at or near the land surface; (k) selection of representative wells to be measured peri- odically in order to detect and record changes of water levels; and (5) collection and assembly of well records, including well logs, water-level measurements, and chemical analyses. The work has been carried on by the U.S. Geological Survey under the general supervision of Harry D. Wilson, Jr., district engineer in charge of ground-water investigations in California, and under the immediate supervision of Fred Kunkel, geologist in charge of the Long Beach subdistrict office. The fieldwork was carried on principally by L. C. Dutcher, Fred Kunkel, W. J. Hiltgen, and F. S. Riley intermittently between April 1951 and March 1959 from the southern California subdistrict office of the Ground Water Branch at Long Beach. LOCATION AND GENERAL FEATURES OF THE AREAS The Willow Springs, Gloster, and Chaffee areas cover about 500 square miles and include part of Fremont Valley and the northwestern part of Antelope Valley as defined by Thompson (1929, pis. 16 and 19). The locations and some of the general features are shown on figure 1. The areas of this study lie in the southwestern part of the Mojave Desert region between long 117°57' and II8P30 1 W. and about lat 3U°52' and 35°10' N., near the town of Mojave. The northeastern boundary of the area coincides with the Muroc fault, Bissell Hills, and Edwards Air Force Base; the southern boundary is Edwards Air Force Base and the Rosamond fault; the western boundary is the Tehachapi Mountains. The area mapped is shown on figure 2 and includes one large ground-water subbasin northeast of Mojave, called the Chaffee area, a relatively large subbasin north of the Rosamond fault near Willow Springs, and several minor basins or subbasins in Antelope Valley in the area east of Willow Springs and north of the Rosamond Hills. The largest of these is the so-called Gloster area between Soledad Mountain and the Rosamond Hills. Both the Muroc fault and the Rosamond fault are well defined and are barriers to the movement of ground water. The altitude of the water surface on the south side of the Muroc fault is as much as 320 feet higher than it is on the north side. The altitude of the water surface on the north side of the Rosamond fault is as much as 100 feet higher than the altitude of the water surface on the south side of the fault. Topographically the area southwest of the Muroc fault consists principally of steep alluvial fans and gently sloping alluvial plains built out from the southeastern slopes of the Tehachapi Mountains. In the central and southeastern parts of the area isolated buttes and mountains rise above the alluvial plain. Low, gently rolling hills of granitic rocks limit the alluvial plain on the east. The Willow Springs, Gloster, and Chaffee areas are shown on parts of the following U.S. Geological Survey topographic quadrangle maps: Castle Butte, Mojave, Rogers Lake, Rosamond, Tehachapi, and Willow Springs, all at a scale of 1:62,500. Access to the area is provided by U.S. Highways 6 and h66 and several paved and many unpaved roads. The principal town in the area is Mojave, at the intersection of U.S. Highways 6 and h66 and the junction of the Southern Pacific and Santa Pe Railroads. In the area extending from the Muroc fault to Willow Springs (fig. 2) the economy is based mainly on commerce with travelers using U.S. Highways 6 and k-66 and the railroad yards at Mojave. Except for several small fields of alfalfa northeast of Rosamond and in the Gloster area, the only significant irrigation during the period 195^-58 was that in the vicinity of Willow Springs. In this area 10 wells reportedly supplied irrigation water to about 2,000 acres of alfalfa. PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Data on ground water in the Willow Springs, Gloster, and Chaffee areas are contained in two reports: U.S. Geological Survey Water- Supply Paper 578, "The Mohave Desert Region, California" (Thompson, 1929, p. 201-223, 289-371), includes data obtained in 1918 on wells in the area of the present investigation; and a private report (Williams, 1930) contains information collected in 1929 and 1930 on wells in the area. The data on wells from these reports are included herein. Approximately 95 square miles of the southeastern part of the area of this report lies within Edwards Air Force Base and is closed to civilian development. Data on wells within the military reservation are not included in this report but are contained in a Geological Survey open-file report (Dutcher and Hiltgen, 1955) prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force. The geology shown on figure 2 was compiled and generalized from the geologic maps of the Castle Butte (Dibblee, 1958) and Mojave (Dibblee, 1959) quadrangles, from unpublished mapping by the junior author, and from unpublished maps of the Rosamond, Tehachapi, and Willow Springs quadrangles by T. W. Dibblee of the U.S. Geological Survey. The California Department of Water Resources provided access to all pertinent information in its files, including numerous well logs and chemical analyses. In addition, many well owners and drillers provided data from their files. The cooperation and assistance given by these people and agencies contributed materially to the complete- ness of the data presented in this report and are acknowledged. 8 GEOLOGIC FEATURES OF THE AREA The geologic units in the Willow Springs, Gloster, and Chaffee areas can be grouped into two broad categories: Consolidated rocks and unconsolidated deposits. The consolidated rocks are for the most part impervious and, except for minor amounts of water in cracks and weathered zones, yield little or no water. The consolidated rocks comprise the old crystalline, metamorphic, and consolidated sedimentary rocks of pre-Tertiary age which collectively form the basement complex, the consolidated sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age, and the volcanic rocks of Tertiary age. The consolidated sedimentary and volcanic rocks of Tertiary age are part of the Witnet, Gem Hill, Kinnick, Bopesta, and Horned Toad formations mapped by Dibblee (1959) in the Mojave quadrangle and the Tropico group mapped by Dibblee (1958) in the Castle Butte quad- rangle. In the Rosamond, Willow Springs, Tehachapi, and Rogers Lake quadrangles the consolidated sedimentary and volcanic rocks have not been named. Presumably these rocks also are of Tertiary age. They consist mainly of gray and red conglomerate, arkose, cobble gravel, tuff, sandstone, chert, limestone, gravel, sand, silt, and clay. For the most part these rocks are poorly permeable, but locally where penetrated by deep wells they yield small amounts of water to domestic wells. Volcanic rocks of acidic composition, mainly quartz latite, some andesite, rhyolite, and dacite of Miocene to Pliocene age, also occur in the area. Locally these rocks are part of the Tropico group mapped by Dibblee (1958) in the Castle Butte quadrangle, the Bobtail quartz latite member of the Gem Hill formation mapped by Dibblee (1958) in the Rosamond quadrangle, and the Gem Hill forma- tion mapped by Dibblee (1959) in the Mojave quadrangle. Extrusive and intrusive basalts of Miocene(?) to Pliocene age also occur in the area. Locally these rocks are part of the Tropico group mapped by Dibblee (1958) in the Castle Butte quadrangle. The unconsolidated older alluvium of late Pleistocene age con- sists of compact arkosic gravel, sand, silt, and clay. The deposits are weathered, and locally the feldspar has been altered to clay. Near the hills the unit is predominantly gravel but beneath the valley areas it is finer grained and better sorted. Because the older allu- vium and the older fan deposits overlie the Tertiary continental rocks on which an erosional surface of considerable local relief is present, the thickness of the older deposits varies greatly from place to place. Where saturated the older alluvium contains the main aquifers in the area. 10 The older fan deposits of Pleistocene age consist of poorly consolidated fanglomerate or unsorted, imbedded boulder gravel occurring as isolated erosional remnants. The materials are mainly of granitic origin but fragments of basalt, andesite, dacite, and metamorphic rocks are common. The unit is nearly everywhere above the water level in wells and therefore is unsaturated. However , the attitude of this unit suggests that locally it extends beneath the younger alluvium in the valley and where saturated may yield small quantities of water to deep wells. The younger alluvium of Recent age is mostly gravel, sand, and silt, and overlies the older units beneath the central parts of the valleys. These deposits are generally above the water table except in the lower parts of the valley, where they may yield small amounts of water to shallow wells. The younger fan deposits of Recent age are mostly poorly sorted boulders, arkosic gravel, sand, silt, and clay derived from nearby hills or mountains. The materials have been transported only a short distance and mainly represent mudflow or slope-wash debris. Near the hills and mountains the younger fan deposits are coarse grained, but they become finer with increasing distance from the areas of active erosion. These deposits are poorly sorted and poorly permeable, are generally above the water table, and are believed to be unpromising sources of water. Unconsolidated coarse to fine dune sand occurs in the lower parts of the valleys. The dunes are, in part at least, actively drifting; locally some small interdune playas are included in the area shown as dune sand on figure 2. 11 HYDRCLCGIC FEATURES OF THE AREA The surface drainage basins of the region are of the closed type, and infrequent runoff reaches one or another of the small playas, shown on figure 1, or reaches the larger playas known as Koehn Lake, in the northeastern part of Fremont Valley, and Rogers Lake or Rosamond Lake in Antelope Valley. Two principal drainage systems, those of Cache and Oak Creeks (fig. 2) carry occasional surface runoff from the mountains onto the alluvial slopes of the desert floor. In 1958 the water levels in wells ranged from a few feet below the land surface in the Willow Springs area to more than 300 feet be- low the land surface beneath the higher alluvial slopes. Recharge to the area southwest of the Muroc fault occurs by percolation of water from Cache and Oak Creeks and minor streams draining the Tehachapi Mountains and in very minor amounts by deep percolation of rain during infrequent periods of heavy precipitation. 12 A considerable part of the ground-water recharge from Cache Creek moves generally eastward and discharges across the Muroc fault into the ground -water basin to the north. The remainder of the ground-water flow from Cache Creek moves eastward and southeastward into the central part of the Chaffee area, where the movement is northeastward toward the Muroc fault. Recharge from the Oak Creek drainage system moves generally southeastward toward Soledad Mountain into the Chaffee area, and part moves southward along the west side of the mountain. Of the water that moves southward along the west side of Soledad Mountain, most eventually moves eastward along the south edge of the mountain into the Gloster area and thence into the Chaffee area. Some of the water may move southward and southwestward into the Willow Springs area and eventually discharges across the Rosamond fault into another ground- water basin to the south. The ground water in the Willow Springs, Gloster, and Chaffee areas is moderately mineralized. The highest concentration of dissolved solids, about 900 ppm (parts per million), occurs in wells drilled near the Muroc fault in the northeastern part of the Chaffee area. The water of best quality comes from wells drilled in the alluvial materials underlying the higher slopes of the younger alluvium in the southern and southwestern parts of the area, where the dissolved-solids content is only about 220 to 500 ppm. 13 JELL-ITUI3ERING SYSTEM The well-numbering system used in this report conforms to that used in virtually all ground-water investigations made by the Geo- logical Survey in California since I9U0. It has been adopted as official by the California Department of Water Resources and by the California Water Pollution Control Board for use throughout the State. Wells are assigned numbers according to their location in the rectangular system for the subdivision of public land. For example, in the number ll/l4- 36AI, assigned to a well shown on figure 2, the part of the number preceding the slash indicates the township (T. 11 N. ), the part between the slash and the hyphen indicates the range (R. lU W. ), the number between the hyphen and the letter indi- cates the section (sec. 36 )> and the letter indicates the HO-acre subdivision of the section as shown in the accompanying diagram. D c B A E F G H M L K J N P 1 Q R Within the ^O-acre tract the wells are numbered serially as in- dicated by the final digit. Thus, well H/1U-36AI is the first well to be listed in the NE£ne£ sec. 36, T. 11 N., R. 1^ W. (San Bernardino base and meridian). 1U Similarly, well 32/36-22N1 is in the SW^SW^ sec. 22, T. 32 S., R. 36 E., Mt. Diablo base and meridian. Because all the wells are either in the northwest quadrant of the San Bernardino base and merician lines or in the southeast quadrant of the Mt. Diablo base and meridian lines, the foregoing abbreviations of the township and range are sufficient. For well numbers where a Z has been substituted for the letter designating the UO-acre tract, the Z indicates that the well is plotted from unverified location descriptions; the indicated sites of such wells were visited but no evidence of a well could be found. 15 ICvPJ'KT.MCES CITED Dibblee, T. W., Jr., 1958> Geologic map of the Castle Butte quad- rangle, Kern County, Calif.: U.S. Geol. Survey Mineral Inv. Map MF-170. 1 959; Preliminary geologic map of the Mojave quadrangle, California: U.S. Geol. Survey Mineral Inv. Map MF-219. Dutcher, L. C, and Hiltgen, W. J., 1955/ Appendix A, Tables of basic data for wells on Edwards Air Force Base: U.S. Geol. Survey open-file rept., 8U- p. Jenkins, 0. P., 1938, Geologic map of California: Calif. Div. Mines. Thompson, D. G., 1929, The Mohave Desert region, California: U.S. Geol. 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CO O E CO K CU ^ ^ -ct O » a c o • o u CO > CU TJ -p 3 CVJ • CO »-3 B^ .. , IfN ITN I CO I 8 S O rH CVI CVJ CU a} a CVJ lr\ I CO H I On CVJ O NO Vgf co ,* J- ON CVJ CVJ kl IfN ON o o •H -H H Jh ,0 -P 3 CO a, ri Q u > >> ct) +> TrH O S t>- r-CO if\ if\ if\ 1 * > CO O rH CVJ I I O CVJ rH H CO CVJ CO CO CO o o o CVJ CO o o tH «H o CO Ph a CU -p g CO o o G a >3 V H • «l +> CU u u CU ITN n cu a) 5 Jh n cw a3 O co t) ■h cu ^« *iS r- i I co O Q co cu It cu +> s s a rH f ) O +> CO B •H Ch CU O •°^ rH +> rH H PHrH 0) 4) CO X O 3: aJ «>-« -o U CO a> -p Xi eg ■P tJ h r-l cd co S r-4 ft S HI Q4h Q H^ O & CD tl +3 w -p r-l Q) 0) tw Cm ■sp Jn G m o CO ft 1 b (1) CG 05 $ • Pi r-l a r-l a •h a; -r-f rtf W ft-p 3^ <3 I CD B -P O •k >A tl •» O LTN & • m CM c- 8 ON IA • • H -d- CO CO NO NO •* •* C\J OJ r-l CM LTN -d- • • CM co 5< cd o H Em c c o & O O ON H a a s s j- »H CO O pe; -b Q o CM 600 ft. Drilled by Roscoe Moss Co. l6-inch casing, perforated from 150 to 366 ft. Sand k& k& Clay and boulders — —————————— 102 150 Gravel, 2-inch 18 168 Clay and boulders ~ — — ..... — 2U 192 Clay and gravel, 1-inch 91 283 Clay and boulders — — — — — — 57 31*0 Clay and gravel, ij--inch ho 380 Quartz, sharp — 8 388 II/13-I9ZI. California Portland Cement Co. Altitude about 3,600 ft. Drilled by Roscoe Moss Co. Bailed dry, casing pulled. Sand '• — — Uo ^0 Sand and clay — — 1*5 85 Sand and granite boulders — — — — - kO 125 Clay and boulders 55 l80 Clay - 55 235 Clay; sandy, with small gravel --- 13 2U8 Gravel, 1-inch --- - 2 250 Clay; sandy, and gravel, £-inch — 130 380 Sand and gravel, £-inch k 38k Clay; sandy, hard — 6 390 Quartzite Uo U30 6k 11/13-29M1. California Portland Cement Co., well 2. Altitude about 3/350 ft. Drilled by Roscoe Moss Co. l6-inch casing, perforated from 520 to 724 ft. Thickness Depth (feet) (feet) Top soil 5 5 Sand, cemented — 20 25 Clay and boulders 73 98 Clay and gravel, 2-inch 60 158 Granite boulders 120 278 Clay and gravel, 1-inch 2^2 520 Gravel, 2-inch; water-bearing 5 525 Clay and gravel, 1-inch 1*5 57O Clay, sticky 20 590 Gravel, 5-inch; clean lk 60U Clay and gravel, £-inch 2k 628 Sand and gravel, 3-inch; cemented k 632 Granite, decomposed — — — - 76 708 "Hill top" (bedrock?) 27 735 Quartzite lk jk9 11/13-31A1. Tull. Drilled by J. M. Scoggin. Altitude about 3,300 ft. Log reported by George Marsh. l6-inch casing. Shale - - kO kO Sand and gravel, dirty 350 390 Shale — - — - 10 ^00 Sand, water '■ — 100 500 Beach sand,- white — kO 5U0 Sand, red and white — 60 600 Sandstone .— - 600+ 65 Thickness Depth (feet) (feet) 395 395 85 U80 10 490 ko 530 10 5kO ko 580 V 580+ II/13-36BL Dr. James Gillis. Drilled by J. M. Scoggln. Altitude about 2,900 ft. Log reported by George Marsh. l6-inch casing, perforated from UOO to 580 ft. No data Sand, water • Shale Sand, water • Lime — — Sand, water - Shale, green ll/l3-36Cl. Dr. James Gillis. Altitude about 2,910 ft. Drilled by J. M. Scoggin. Log reported by George Marsh. lU-inch casing. No data ... 1*00 U00 Sand, water -.— — — — — - — '— — ... 100 500 Conglomerate — -— — — — 10- ■ -510 Sand, water ~ — -- — — — — — -— 50 560 Shale — 10 570 Sand, water ~ — — ko' 6l0 Lime — !_!__— . - 1 6ll Shale, green ——-—-—-—— — . - 6ll+ H/13-36KL. Dr. James Gillis. Altitude about 2,888 ft. Drilled by J. M. Scoggin. Log reported by George Marsh. l6-inch casing, perforated from 380 to 630 ft. . .. Gravel . ...20-. 20 ■ Shale - - 180 200 Sand and pea-gravel 125 325 Loam, black - 55 380 Sand, good water — 120 500 Shale, gray 10 510 Sand, water — 50 560 Lime — - 10 570 Sand, water — 60 630 Shale, green - 630+ 66 ll/lU-ll+Bl. California Portland Cement Co., well 5. Altitude about 4,000 ft. Drilled by Roscoe Moss Co. l6-inch casing, perforated from 30-60 ft. Thickness Depth (feet) (tent) Top soil Sand and gravel -— — — -- Clay, blue — — --- Granite ll/lU-lUB2. California Portland Cement Co., well 6. Altitude about 3/990 ft. Drilled by Roscoe Moss Co. l6-inch casing, perforated from 20 to 46 ft. Sand - - - - 5 5 Sand and boulders s 20 25 Sand and gravel, 6-inch — --- 25 50 Limestone — --—-—- — - 14 64 8 8 5^ 62 18 80 4 84 67 12/12-35H1. Southern Pacific Land Co, Altitude 2,7^3.3 ft. Drilled by Roscoe Moss Co. lU-inch casing, perforated at intervals between 373 and 560 ft. •■- Thickness Depth (feet) (feet) Dirt and gravel — — 30 30 Clay and gravel 250 280 Sand and gravel, 3/4-inch — 5 285 Clay, sandy 18 3O3 Sand and gravel, ^-inch — — — 8 311 — Clay, sandy 35 3U6 Sand and gravel, to 2 inches -— — -— — ....... \k 360 Clay and gravel — 10 370 Sand and gravel, 2 inches — " 10 - 380 Clay with sand streaks — — — — .--15 395 Sand and gravel, 3/8- inch — 7 ^02 . Clay with sand streaks ----- — — — ——.—.— 18 420 Sand and gravel, 3A-inch . lU U3U Clay, sandy — 16 450 Sand and gravel, 1-inch .— — .. 22 1+72 Clay with some gravel — — — — — — 8" 480 Sand and gravel, 1-inch — — — — — 3U 5l4 Clay, sandy — — — — — — — 16 530 Sand and gravel, £-inch — — — — — 14 544 Sand and gravel, to 2 inches — — — — 16 560 Clay with some gravel ——————— — — - — - — — 75 635 Conglomerate (consolidated rock) ~ — — — — 5 6U° 68 32/36-21Q1. J. J. Wonders. Altitude 2,798.9 ft. Drilled by Frank Rottman. 10-inch casing to 805 feet, uncased and cemented off below 805 ft. Thickness Depth (feet) (feet) No data 3^0 Gravel and coarse sand — — -■—---- . — .. - 3I+0 No data - - — 200 5U0 Gravel, very fine, well sorted ~ -— 21 561 Sand, medium to coarse, unweathered —---—-—---- 22 5^3 Sand, fine to coarse, very silty — — — -— — — - 23 6c5 Sand, fine to coarse, some fine gravel - — -— 20 626 Sand, fine to coarse, considerable fine gravel 23 6-i9 No data — - hh 693 Sand, coarse; and gravel, fine; silty ~ — — 22 715 Sand, fine to medium, and silt; tight 22 737 No data 73 Silt and clay, tight 8l0 No data 35 84.5 Gravel, fine, silty — - 71 9l6 Sand, coarse, and fine gravel — — 55 971 No data - 271 Sand, fine to medium — — - - 1,242 No data — - 22 Sand, fine to medium — - 1,264 No data -- — 21 Silt, sandy - 1,285 No data — 5 Silt, sandy - 1,290 No data - 33 1,323 Rock; granitic, somewhat decomposed — — — 33 1,356 Material below 800 feet reported to be poorly water bearing, and may be Tertiary continental deposits. 69 32/36-35EL. Southern Pacific Land Co. Altitude 2,692.0 ft. Drilled by Roscoe Moss Co. 14-inch casing, perforated at intervals between 339 and 725 ft. Thickness Depth = (feet) (feet) Soil 10 10 Sand and gravel to 2 inches — ---- 30 40 Clay, sandy - 248 288 Sand and gravel — — — — -— 19 307 Clay, sand, and gravel 31 338 Sand and gravel, ^-inch, some cement 22 36O Clay with sand streaks 18 378 Clay - 15 393 Sand and gravel; coarse, ^-inch — — — — 18 4ll Clay - -— 13 424 Sand and gravel, ^-inch ----- — - — — • 1*2 466 Clay with sand streaks — -- — — — — — - i4 480 Sand and gravel, ^-inch — 14 k$k Clay, sandy 26 520 Sand and gravel, -|-inch 10 530 Clay, sandy -— — - 10 540 - Sand and gravel, 3/4-inch — 10 ~ 550 Clay, sandy — 12 562 Sand and gravel, -§~inch — ——--___ — __— 8 570 Clay, sandy — 6 576 Sand and gravel, ^-inch, some clay — — - 30 606 Clay, sandy — 4 6l0 • Sand and gravel, 3/4-inch 19 629 Clay, sandy 11 640 Sand with clay streaks 35 675 Clay; hard, sandy __—_ — 4l 7l6 Sand and gravel, 3/4-inch 9 725 Clay; sandy, hard — 75 800 70 32/36-3 5R1. Southern Pacific Land Co. Altitude 2,631.9 ft. Drilled by Roscoe Moss Co. l4-inch casing, perforated at intervals between 333 and 6$k ft. Materials classified by U. S. Geological Survey. Thickness Depth (feet) (feet) Silt, sandy, clayey; yellowish-brown; 5 to 10 percent elastics: sand to pebble size is predominantly quartz, feldspar, dark minerals 80 80 Silt, clayey, sandy; yellowish-brown; 10 to 20 percent grains of granule to pebble size but granules predominate; quartz, feldspar, olivine, and dark minerals; moderately well sorted. Some pyrite in quarts — -- 5 °5 Silt, clayey, sandy; same as above but the percentage of granule to pebble-size material is reduced to about 5 ~ " — """" 5 90 Silt, sandy, clayey; yellowish-brown; 10 to 20 percent of the elastics are of granule to pebble size and are predominantly quartz and feldspars, olivine and dark minerals are present as is some pyrite 10 100 Silt, sandy, clayey; same as above, but the per- centage of elastics is reduced to about 5 10 11° Silt, sandy, clayey; yellowish-brown; about 10 percent elastics of granule to pebble size which are mainly quartz and feldspars, but olivine and some hematite are present 70 180 Silt, sandy, clayey; yellowish-brown; about 5 percent of the grains are of granule to pebble size and are moderately well sorted; quartz and feldspars predominate — -— — — 10 190 Silt, sandy, clayey; yellowish-brown; 10 to 15 percent elastics of granule to pebble size which are moderately well sorted quartz and feldspar crystals - - IT 207 Silt, clayey, sandy; yellowish-brown; 20 to 30 percent of the elastics are granule to pebble size, moderately well sorted; no even gradation between grains; quartz, feldspar, and dark minerals 3 210 Silt, clayey, sandy; yellowish-brown; 5 to 10 percent elastics: (80 percent granule size; 20 percent pebble size), moderately well sorted, angular to subrounded -- ^3 253 C ont inued . 71 32/36-35R1-- Continued. Thickness (feet) 10 10 10 Clay; yellowish-brown; very few elastics, very adhesive — — — -----: — Silt, sandy, clayey; greenish, yellowish, and brown; 5 to 10 percent grains of granule to pebble size, moderately well sorted; quartz and feldspar predominate but dark minerals are present; clay lenses are present in this interval — Silt; same as above; dark minerals not as abundant as in above samples — — -- — Gravel, sandy, silty, clayey; yellowish- brown; clasts are fairly well sorted, angular to subrounded; quartz predominates but feldspars, olivine, and dark minerals are present. Grains are granule to pebble size (70 percent granules, 30 percent medium pebbles). Overall the material is about 60 to 70 percent gravel and sand, 30 to kO percent silty clay — — Very coarse sand, silty, clayey; yellowish- brown; poorly sorted, angular to subrounded; (silt and clay 30 to kO percent, pebbles 10 to 20 percent, cobbles 3 to 5 percent). Quartz and feldspar with rhyolite and other volcanic clasts ~ — — — Silt, sandy, clayey; medium brown; about 5 to 10 percent elastics; sandstone spheres 2 to 3 inches in diameter are present — - — Very coarse sand, silty; yellowish-brown; fair sorting; angular to subrounded; about 30 percent coarse sand, 5 to 10 percent granules, 2 to 3 percent pebbles, and 3 percent cobbles of granite, basalt, or marble — — — Sand; yellowish-brown; fine to very coarse; subangular to subrounded, fairly well sorted; 5 to 10 percent granules (orthoclase, granite, diorite), 5 percent pebbles, 3 to 5 percent cobbles of orthoclase granite which are subrounded. A few pebbles are flat and subrounded Sand, silty; fine to very coarse, fair sorting, subangular to subrounded, quartz and feldspar predominate, no cobbles as above ~ — 7 Continued Ik 26 21 Depth (feet) 260 270 280 290 3CA- 330 335 356 363 72 32/36-35R1— Continued. Thickness Depth (feet) (feet) Silt, clayey, sandy; yellowish-brovm; 10 to 20 percent fine to very coarse sand, fair sorting, subangular to subrounded; quartz and feldspars 15 378 Silt, sandy, clayey; yellowish-brown; 10 to 20 percent pebbles 10 388 Silt, sandy, clayey; yellowish-brown; no material larger than coarse sand size 2 390 Silt, clayey, sandy; yellowish-brown; sand is very fine to coarse, 10 to 20 percent very coarse sand, 3 to 5 percent pebbles — 29 Ul9 Sand, silty, clayey; yellowish-brown; sand is mainly very coarse, fairly well sorted, subangular to subrounded but mostly subangular. 10 to 20 percent granule size (quartz and metamorphics) 2 to 3 percent pebbles (light green volcanic ash) 12 V3I Silt, coarse sandy, clayey; yellowish -brown; 2 to 3 percent granules which are subangular to subrounded, 2 to 3 percent pebbles of granite or felsite 13 ^ Sand, silty, clayey; yellowish-brown; very coarse, fairly well sorted, subangular to subrounded; quartz and feldspar predominate, granitic origin; granules and pebbles are present l6 U60 Silt, sandy, clayey; yellowish -brown; sand is very coarse, 2 to 3 percent granules, 2 to 3 percent subrounded pebbles; clay has sand stringers — - 18 V78 Sand, coarse, silty, clayey; yellowish-brown; fair sorting, subangular to subrounded; 30 to 1+0 percent granules showing fair sorting, 5 to 10 percent pebbles which are subangular to subrounded but mostly are subrounded l6 i+9 1 * Clay, sandy, silty; yellowish-brown; 5 to 10 percent granules 6 500 Sand, very coarse, silty, clayey; yellowish, greenish, brown; fair sorting, subangular to subrounded, granules 5 to 10 percent, pebbles 3 to 5 percent, cobbles 3 percent; light green volcanic ash is present. Thin clay lenses in above sample 8 508 Continued 73 32/36-35R1-- Continued. Thickness Depth (feet) (feet) Clay, silty; very adhesive, very few elastics, few grains of coarse sand and granules, quartz and feldspar — — — --— — 65 573 Sand, coarse, silty, clayey; yellowish-brown; fair sorting, subrounded to subangular, mostly subangular; 5 to 10 percent pebbles; orthoclase, granite, and feldspar predominate — — 5 578 Silt, clayey; yellowish-brown; very adhesive; 5 percent pebbles and granules — — — — 22 600 Sand, coarse, silty, clayey; yellowish -brown; fair sorting but grades from fine sand to coarser elastics, subangular to subrounded; 5 to 10 percent granules, 5 percent pebbles which are metamorphics and volcanics — — --— 8 608 Clay, silty; yellowish-brown; scattered granules, subangular to subrounded, very adhesive — — ko 6h& Sand, coarse, silty; fair sorting, subangular to subrounded, granules > 5 to 10 percent, quartz predominates; pebbles 5 to 10 percent metamorphics; light green volcanic ash is present — 12 660 Clay; yellowish-brown 1 — - 8 668 Gravel, pebble; silty, sandy; fair sorting, mostly subangular but some subrounded; 20 to 30 percent coarse gravel, pebbles of quartz, chert, orthoclase granite, light green volcanic ash is present — — 13 68l Sand, coarse, silty; fair sorting, mostly subangular; 20 to 30 percent pebbles; 5 to 10 percent large cobbles to small boulders; boulders of breccia, chert or chalcedony and light green volcanic ash - 13 69^ Silt, clayey, sandy; medium brown 21 715 Sand, very fine, silty, clayey; fair sorting, subangular to subrounded — — 3 718 Clay; medium brown; very cohesive, few elastics — — 6 724 Sand, very coarse, very silty, clayey; poor to fair sorting, mostly subangular, 5 to 10 percent granule size; quartz and feldspar — 8 732 Continued lh 32/36-35R1-- Continued. Thickness ttepth (feet) (feet) Clay and volcanic rocks; interbedded; clayey silt- stone and.mudstone; purplish-brown with streaks of green interbedded; 10 to 15 percent subangular elastics, mostly quartz with a few feldspars; very hard drilling 68 800(+l) 32/36-35R2. Southern Pacific Land Co. Altitude 2,63!+. 5 ft. Drilled by Orange County Pump Co. 8 5/8- inch casing, perforated from 220 to 720 ft. Top soil, sandy 10 10 Sand; coarse, and £-inch gravel — — 173 183 Sandstone; hard ledge — — — 5 188 Sand and clay, muddy ——— ————— — - — - ll6 30^ Clay, sandy 27 33J- Sand and gravel — - — - — - — - — 33 36*+ Clay; sandy, fine l/8-lnch gravel — 6l 1+25 Sand and gravel - — ——————————— — - — 33 1+58 Clay, brown 21 1+79 Sand and £-inch gravel — 11 ^90 Clay, brown 8 I+98 Sand and £-inch gravel 8 50b Clay and sand 76 582 Clay and ^-inch gravel —————— — 18 600 Sand and j-inch gravel - — — — 10 610 Clay, brown - ^0 650 Sand and 3-inch gravel — 20 670 Sand and 3- to l+-inch rock — 25 695 Clay, brown — 13 708 Clay and sand — — — -— -— — — - 12 720 75 ■ Table 5#- Chemical analyses of water from wells Constituents; Where the value for sodium is preceded by the letter a it indicates sodium and potassium expressed as sodium. The value for dissolved solids is the analytically determined value reported by the laboratory. The sum of determined constituents is the sum of the tabulated constituents minus approximately half (50.8 perent) of the bicarbonate. Because all the major constituents (except silica in many of the analyses) that commonly occur in ground water were analytically determined, the values for dissolved solids and sum of deter- mined constituents should be approximately the same. Constituents shown in parentheses are values calculated by the Geological Survey, Ground Water Branch. All values have been rounded where necessary to conform to the standards of the Geological Survey, Quality of Water Branch. Temperature ; For the Geological Survey analyses (GW, GP, and QW ), where the temperature is given the sample was collected from the pump discharge; where the temperature is omitted the samples were collected mainly from a storage facility at the well. For the other analyses the point' of collection was mainly from the pump discharge. Analyzing laboratory ; CT, Curtis and Tompkins, San Francisco, Calif- ornia; DWR, State of California,' Department of Water Resources; GP, U. S. Geological Survey, Geochemistry and Petrology Branch; GW, U. S. Geological Survey, Ground Water Branch; H, Hornkohl Co.; QW, U. S. Geological Survey; Quality of Water Branch; SE, Smith-Emery Co.; USN U. S. Navy. For analyses for which the analyzing laboratory is not given the agency from which the analysis was collected is given; CW, Cyril Williams, Jr. (1930); DOT, Thompson (1929); SP, Southern Pacific Co. 76 Well number "97l^ 16J1 9/13-7Q2 10/11- 8E1 Constituents in parts per million Silica (Si0 2 ) Iron (Fe) Calcium (Ca) U9 32 37 13 Magnesium (Mg) 16 7.1 2 3 Sodium (Na) .80 52 hi 9k Potassium (K) 3.1 2 1.7 2.5 Bicarbonate (HCO,) Carbonate (CO,) Sulfate (SO^r 188 150 lUo 143 120 116 65 65 99 Chloride (Cl) 58 18 12 Ik 52 Fluoride (F) 1.2 .1 .4 Nitrate (NO,) Boron (B) 3 2.0 3.0 1.2 .52 .1 .16 .5 Dissolved solids 223 264 Sum of determined constituent 8 (Ul9) (250) (237) (32A) Hardness as CaCO, (188) (109) (101) 103 ^5 Percent sodium (#Na) kl 50 50 a Specific conductance (micromhos at 77°F) 730 4l2 «H6 430 548 pH 7.2 8.0 7.3 7. k 7.7 Temperature (°F) 70 52 66 Date collected 8-15-53 ( 10-19-5^ 5-23- 56 12-2-52 Depth of well in feet 200 50.6 50.6 50. 6 200 Analyzing laboratory (Lab. ) GP DWR DWR DWR QW Laboratory number (No.) B351 P -679 R-4o4 R- ■10U8 5866 77 ^n=r i^-lZf-; 1 ^-: xp/12-i^ Constituents In parts per million SiOp 30 Fe Ca Sh Mg 6 Na a5U K HCO. 1^2 co 3 ° ; 6 soj; TO CI 25 21* 13 28 20 F ... NO, B 2 Dis. S. Sum (290) Hardness 215 200 160 89 (110) #Na . 55 Micromhos 668 6^3 529 389 PH o F Date 11-7-51 12-it-52 12-4-52 12-5-52 3-6-30 Depth 200 300 275 275 Lab. GW GW GW GW CT No. 107780 78 Well number : • • 10/12-20C1 : 10/12- : 21RI : 10/12- : 22N2 Constituents In parts per million SiOo 25 Fe Ca 32 36 31 33 Mg 5 3.3 6 6 Na al*9 kk 38 kl K 3.1 1.5 1.7 HCO. CO. 130 131 125 115 69 72 65 75 21 19 18 16 18 F .6 NO, B 3 2.5 .7 2.9 .03 .dk Dis. S. 270 Sum (265) (2U 5 ) (223) (233) Hardness 100 (104) (102) 107 131 pa 55 47 47 45 Micromhos 1+13 372 387 U23 PH 7.2 7.2 8.1 Op 69 66 Date 3-6-30 2-4-52 n-i-55 12-5-52 12-4-52 Depth 161 107.8 107.8 150 125 Lab. CT QW DWR QW GW No. 107781 5871 R-906 5880 79 Well number ! 1 °(^" ! 10/13-atoi ; 10/13-2UP1 Constituents in parts per million SiOg Fe 17 Ca Mg Na K HCO, co - cr NO, B * Dis. S. Sun Hardness 17 79 17 90 27 22 4 4 45 a53 .8 101 103 64 66 16 21 21 .3 5.8 .01 236 (213) (23*0 (8«*) 79 (71) 53 6k 359 365 7.6 #Na Micromhos 5 Date Depth Lab. No. 366 382 12-4-52 11-7-51 10-20-54 12-4-52 3-6-30 463 252 252 600 600 GW GW DWR GW CT R-398 107782 80 Well number : 10/13- : 32M1 : 10/ W- : 36A1 ■ : 11/11- : IQl : 11/11- : 2N1 : 11/11- : 5D1 Constituents in parts per million SiOp 31 Fe Ca 36 66 1.6 37 44 Mg 9 8.1 .5 8.3 17 Na 49 82 lUo 47 32 K 1.7 3 5.8 3.5 HCO. CO. CI 149 99 185 192 152 75 78 240 (26) (47) 86 24 29 38 15 33 F .6 11 5.6 .4 .4 N0_ fc.5 .2 .7 6.2 B 3 .12 1.2 .15 .34 Dis. S. 295 395 Sum (291) (488) (385) 260 (319) Hardness (127) (198) 6 127 180 (45) 47 96 jtaa 44 31 Micromhos 4l2 735 691 459 565 pH 7.7 7.7 9.6 7.7 7.9 Op 74 Date 3-8-56 6-4-53 10-21-55 10-21-55 2-16-57 Depth 805 986 761.5 303.5 670 Lab. DWR DWR QW QW USN No. B-69O6 P-684 17237 17236 81 Well number : U/11 " : 1 ^ 11 " : ^ llm : ^^ tYl f 12 ' wen numoer ; 7A1 ; 8D1 : 9A1 ; 12M1 t 18B1 Constituents in parts per million Si0 2 Fe Ca Mg Na K HCO- CO^ S0£ ex p NO, B 3 Dis. S. Sum Hardness #Na Micromhos pH Date II-2-56 10-21-55 IO-19-56 10-20-55 6-^-53 Depth Ul^.O 275.0 k2L 318.5 300 Lab. USN. QW USN QW DWR No. 17235 1723 1 * P-678 20 30 22 30 26 17 ko 5 8.1 8.8 2.U 8.1 38 56 37 86 61 3.7 8.9 1.5 1U6 235 178 225 213 5 25 (16) 12 (6.7) 37 9 11 16 35 29 .5 .U .3 .8 .h .7 97 13 .15 .29 .05 .61 .2 265 308 (192) (2U7) (218) (365) (295) 76 108 100 (52) (133) •' 52 h5 75 373 m 360 5^7 1*85 8.3 8.5 8.0 8.2 82 Well number : ll/l2- : 26J1 ; 11/12-32E1 ; • • 11/12-32E2 Constituents in parts per million Si0 2 23 20 Fe Ca 28 33 50 5^ Mg 5 ik 10 17 Na a38 45 50 54 K 1.1 1.9 1-5 HCOo CO 124 98 119 115 10 SOjJ 49 118 155 193 CI 15 17 17 12 19 F .5 .1* .U B 3 4.0 .10 .05 .20 Dis. S. 254 305 318 375 Sura (219) (287) (i4o) (363) (Uoo) (205) Hardness 90 (166) 212 #Na 52 (M) (39) (36) Micromhos 4 5 1 529 622 630 pH 8.3 7.9 8.1 o F 78 Date 6-3-30 7-12-55 7-1-57 12-4-52 7-12-55 Depth 225.0 300 300 265 265 Lab. CT DWR DWR DWR No. 107783 5937 T-893 5936 83 Well number : il/12- : 11/13- : 11/13- : tylS- : 32/36- wen numoer : 32E2 : 19C3 : 24A1 ; 35R1 t 21Q1 Constituents in parts per million Si0 2 21 29 Fe Ca 1*5 72 46 44 20 Mg 7 42 4.9 18 63 Ka 49 60 74 a52 I96 K 1.5 1.8 2.6 7 HCO^ 134 471 177 196 342 co 3 J SO^ 113 70 42 85 371 CI 15 17 45 32 49 F .8 1.0 .2 .2 HO- 2.2 8.4 52 12 B 3 .20 .28 .16 .5 2.0 Dis. S. 390 538 455 Sum (321) (504) (354) (358) (888) Hardness (l4l) (353) 135 181 (309) #Na (43) 27 54 38 Micromhos 559 902 588 595 1,2&0 pH 7.8 7.3 7.4 8.0 8.0 °F 59 76 Date 7-21-57 2-18-55 12-5-52 3-5-57 6-4-53 Depth 265 388 357 640 805 Lab. DWR DWR QW USN DWR No. T-892 1872 5878 P-677 84 Well number 32/36-21Q1 • : 32/36 • -22N1 : • • 32/36- : 35D1 : 32/36- 35R1 Constituents in parts per million SiCL Fe * 20 11+ 31 .26 Ca 55 82 87 31 97 90 Mg 28 30 27 51 59 27 Na 188 191 158 160 102 61 K 6.8 7.* 9.8 6.8 HCCU COo SO4 2kk 363 276 205 ll+9 191 7 375 370 392 372 376 235 CI W *9 1+6 h9 67 50 F .5 .6 .8 .5 .2 NO., B J »K5 h.9 2.2 5.0 2.U 2.0 1.2 2.7 M Dis. S. 836 81+2 805 821+ 685 Sura (828) (936) (859) (786) (287) (789) (569) Hardness (252) (328) 328 378 338 #Na 61 (55) 50 (5*0 28 Micromhos 1,260 1,1+20 1,290 1,260 955 PH 7.8 7.5 7.2 8.2 7.1+ 7.6 Op 75 78 Date 7-12-55 7-2-57 12-2-52 7-12-55 II-29-56 10-12-56 Depth 805 805 370 370 800 800 Lab. DWR DWR QW DWR USN USN No. R-7^6 T-875 5867 5935 85 II8°00' FIGURE I II8°00 )F PART OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA NG AREA COVERED BY THIS REPORT U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY FIGURE I u. s. II8°3 T. 32 S. T. 12 N. I), s. II8°3 T. 32 S. T. 12 N. L). S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY II8°30' II8°I5' LOCATION MAP 7, - 1 «a»! be ■. Qool^ 28 ■ ! .27 PTu 2eN Qopl / 25 Qyol L „ Jtft., pTu :»o»fii y In ?W ! -\... ff«P ffS -jy Qyol ^ „ -..-, 10 ^ Qyol - h t — i *». p °„ u O"' i. ./ 36 *, 30 2 9 Qyf '-- TT ^ , I 7 — Qyol I r 26 ::« * 30 rail '«««_;_..-. * "- / 1 P^^^Mj^k % Tv. 1 Tv "fez 95 * -: 9, I pose from u S Geoloojcol Survey topograph^ maps, scale I 62,500, 1959 MAP OF THE WILLOW SPRINGS, GLOSTER, AND CHAI SHOWING RECONNAISSANCE GEOLOGY AND LOCfi (INCLUDES PART OF ANTELOPE AND FREMONT STATE OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURC FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE GROUND WA PREPARED BY U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVE ^ -Avi*ft" yfr-* / '/ v ft i i Qyol i^T^:' Jl i v VV — •' - 5 R 12 W. Qya Younrer alluvium Unconsolidated gravel, sand, silt, and clay beneath alluvial plains; largely above the water table but where saturated yields some water to wells Qoa Tb Pasalt msolidated extrusive amygdaloidal olivine basalt and intrusive diabasic basalt; yields little water to wells UNCONSOLIDATED DEP0ST T 5 Qyf Qds Younger fan deposits Unconsolidated, poorlv sorted rravel,sand, silt, and mud flow debris locally derived j largely above the water table; yield little water to wells Dune sand Unconsolidated ^and, actively driftinc Qof Older alluvium Unconsolidated, generally weathered gravel, sand, silt, and clay; yields water freely to wells Older fan deposits Moderately to highly indurated boulder gravel, cobble-pebble crave 1, and sand; yield little water to wells COT' c OLTDATED ROCK Tav Tc Acidic volcanic rocks Consolidated intrusive and extrusive quartz latite, some andesite, rbyolite, and dscite; yield little water to wells Continental rocks Consolidated conglomerate, =andstone, si 1*" stone, shale, limestone, and wate r-la i d volcan i c tuff and agglomerate ; yield little or no water to wells pTu Basement complex Consolidated quartz monzonite and some granite, gneiss, schist, metavolcanics, and pegmatite dikes; locally deenly weathered ; yields a little water from cracks and resid'mm MAP "YXBOIS Fault Dashed where anrroximately located, dotted where concealed, questioned re doubtful U, 'irt ; rown side; D, downthrowi Public-supply, industrial, or irrigation well ° LI Domestic, stock, or unused well Dry or destroyed well Letter after well indicates position in section thus: D c 8 a E F G H M L K j N P R Letter Z indicates well plotted from unverified location description R. 10 W. R, AND CHAFFEE AREAS, CALIFORNIA IGY AND LOCATIONS OF WELLS 'E AND FREMONT VALLEYS) ALIFORNIA ATER RESOURCES Geology compiled by L. C. Dutcher, 1959; largely generalized after published and unpublished mapping by T. w. Oibblee, Jr. ond L. C. Outcher iROUND WATER INVESTIGATIONS E0L0GICAL SURVEY THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED BELOW RENEWED BOOKS ARE SUBJECT TO IMMEDIATE RECALL LIBRARY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. DAVIS Book Slip-20m-8,'61(C1623s4)458 PHYJ>, SOCN* UBKAt 3 1175 02037 74 EiBRAjnr UNIVERSITY OF C VUFORNIA DAVIS 240517